men. This queer performance project exploring the canals as a site of queer memory-eros-connection gets more exciting to me every day. I am obsessed with canals. But then I live in Venice, California!I just had a great first gig of the new year. Performed in Santa Ana . Kicked off the year in Orange County, CA at Rude Guerrilla theatre! Great piece in OC Weekly. Lovely packed shows. Nice way to start the year! http://www.ocweekly.com/culture/theater/ecce-homo/26495/

Tuesday, November 14, 2006

ELECTION NOTES FROM ME IN IOWA

Great news on the election! Yippee! The end of these nightmare six years is finally here. I have been in Minnesota and Iowa the last two weeks. I had a rehearsal with my group on election night at the University of Iowa and then went toresidencies coming up this year at Cincinnati Playhouse, CSPS in Cedar Rapids, the TRANS Festival at Univ of Wisconsin, Duke University, Hamilton College, Vortex Theatre in Austin, Rude Guerrilla Theater in CA and many more. The vibe has been very good on 1001 BEDS my new performance and book! I was very busy this Spring with runs LA, SF , Chicago, Winston-Salem, San Diego and just now in New Jersey. Here's some juicy review qoutes on the show from the daily papers. Have a great summer and beginning of Fall season and I hope to see you in 06-07!

1001 BEDS PRESS QOUTESMiller's technique — a frisky, half-lidded fidget on high alert to audience energies — gives way to flashes of poetic stillness that demonstrate how gracefully Miller has


gives way to flashes of poetic stillness that demonstrate how gracefully Miller has matured without losing either his inquisitive ardor or wicked humor.

That adult inner landscape, from which Miller's ongoing work-in-progress (or life-in-progress) resonates, is paramount to "1001 Beds." An almost shamanic spirit emerges when least expected, with striking immediacy. Miller's account of meeting partner Alistair McCartney, for example, is as touchingly personal yet universal as anything Miller has ever done, Proustian memory swathed in current meaning.

Think casual seduction concealing urgent consciousness-raiser, and you have the measure of "1001 Beds" and the nonpareil explorer of self and spirit who recounts them with such potent assurance.

Monday, February 13, 2006

MY NEW BOOK "1001 BEDS"

My new book "1001 Beds" was published by University of Wisconsin Press. The book won the 2007Nation British Columbia by Hallux Consulting. Both audits obtained by The Canadian Press under the Access to Information Act.

At least two provincial Métis groups came under scrutiny after questions arose about their management and finances, newly released documents show.

Audits of the British Columbia and Saskatchewan organizations have come to light as their national council is embroiled in a controversy over its own expenses that has bred animosity among its top leadership.

Both Métis groups insist they have since dealt with the issues raised in their audits.

The Aboriginal Affairs Department hired an outside consultant to look at the Métis Nation Saskatchewan and the Métis Nation British Columbia.

The Canadian Press obtained copies of the two audits, both done in 2012 by Ottawa-based Hallux Consulting, under the Access to Information Act.

Hallux is


the same company that Aboriginal Affairs hired around the same time as the provincial groups' audits were done to take a closer look at the management practices and financial controls of the Métis National Council.

The Saskatchewan audit raised questions about executive compensation and travel, while the B.C. audit found apparent conflicts of interest and expenses that should have been ineligible for federal funding under the terms of their contribution agreements with the government.

Métis Nation Saskatchewan president Robert Doucette, who has been critical of the national council, said all the issues in the Hallux audit have been dealt with.

However, Gerald Morin, a rival of Doucette who is a member of the elected provincial Métis council, said he does not know if the auditor's findings have been addressed.

Métis Nation Britishsupported by documents or considered ineligible expenses under the terms and conditions of the funding agreements."

A memo to Health Canada officials says the findings for its department are of financial mismanagement rather than wrongdoing.

Two other departments — Heritage Canada and Human Resources and Social Development Canada — were involved in the audit. Part of a paragraph that presumably describes how the findings relate to those departments has been censored in the copy provided to The Canadian Press.

Gary Lipinski of the Métis Nation of Ontario, who became president after the audit was done, said the organization repaid the expenses flagged by Navigant when he took over.

The organization has made plans to repay its other creditors and since 2008 has paid back a significant amount of its debt, he added.

"There


private school. It was Preschool through Grade 8. One September the newspaper came out to do a story on my kids starting their first day of school. They popped into a Pre-K classroom and took a photo of kids pretending to be riding a school bus. They had taken chairs and put them in rows, and then gone to the dress-up trunk. One little boy in the “front seat” of the bus happened to be holding a pocketbook, which was barely visible in the otherwise cute-as-the-dickens photo. It landed on the front page of the paper. I immediately received a phone call from the irate father of that boy threatening to sue the school, and me personally, to the ends of the earth for “making his son aa good idea to stick to some kind of home maintenance budget. If you chuckled at the thought of having "deep pockets," you're probably even more concerned with controlling costs on the home front. But frugal isn't always better, even if you have monster DIY...

A Florida beach has been named the nation's best in TripAdvisor's annual Travelers' Choice awards. The travel website announced Tuesday that Clearwater Beach was the best in the U.S. in 2018, climbing from No. 4 in 2017. The beach also topped the national list in 2016. >> Read more trending news Meanwhile, Grace Bay in Providenciales...

You can take some of the most lavish, expensive wine tours in the world in the Napa Valley, where wines are all about heritage, taste and sophistication. These days,


Friend of SSS Scot Gregor tweeted out some first cuts from Chicago White Sox camp:

White Sox roster moves:

Optioned OF Charlie Tilson and RHP Thyago Vieira to Class AAA Charlotte and RHP José Ruiz to Class A Winston-Salem.

Reassigned INF Jake Burger, RHP Dylan Covey, C Alfredo González, LHP Jordan Guerrero and RHP Michael Ynoa to minor-league camp. — Scot Gregor (@scotgregor) March 6, 2018

Charlie Tilson hasn’t struggled, per se, but strong play from Adam Engel, Ryan Cordell and Jacob May in center renders Tilson a bit superfluous in the big camp right now. (Leury Garcia, though not swinging the bat as well as the other three, is also in the mix for CF as part of his Swiss Army arsenal.) Factor in wanting to get extended looks at Luisself-propulsion used in dredging operations. On June 6, 1955, the Trenton completed an assignment in the East River.  The Trenton was to be used the following morning in Hempstead Harbor on the north coast of Long Island.  Dunbar was the only employee aboard the Trenton as it was towed that evening to Hempstead Harbor by the tug Cortland.  Early the next morning as the tug was turning to enter that harbor the Trenton capsized and Dunbar was drowned.

2
Dunbar's wife, as administratrix of his estate, brought actions for wrongful death against DuBois, owner of the Trenton and appellant herein, and Bronx Towing, owner of the Cortland.  The action against appellant was based upon the Jones Act, 46 U.S.C.A. 688.  Appellant filed a third-party action


Previous article Next article ARTICLE

Year : 2006 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 4 | Page : 522-540 Junagadh State and its Lions: Conservation in Princely India, 1879-1947 Divyabhanusinh

Suryodaya, 310, Gom Defence Colony, Vaishali Marg, Jaipur 302 021, India

Correspondence Address:

Divyabhanusinh

Suryodaya, 310, Gom Defence Colony, Vaishali Marg, Jaipur 302 021

India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None Check

Date of Web Publication 26-Jun-2009 Abstract Conservation in Princely India, during the British period, was brought on by several causes and responses. The Junagadh State's efforts at conservation were arguably the earliest in the Indian Empire for protecting a species for its own sake. State control of hunting is an old Indian royal tradition, which Junagadh never gave up. However, princely hunting closely linked to reasons of state, had to neverthelessof the forests, grasslands and wetlands in India, which have become National Parks and Sanctuaries after independence, it becomes evident that they were the old hunting grounds of Indian princes, a fact which is often not appreciated. Some of the better known instances are Dachigam of Jammu & Kashmir, Keola Deo Ghana of Bharatpur, Ranthambhore and Sariska of Jaipur and Alwar respectively, and Bandhavgarh of Rewa. In the west is the Gir forest, which straddled Junagadh, Bhavnagar, Baroda and other states. In the south are Bandipur and Nagarhole of Mysore, Periyar of Travancore and in the east are Simlipal of Mayurbhanj and Kaibul Lamjao of Manipur. Indian princes are usually remembered for their outlandish lifestyle, but their contributions seldom receives serious appraisal. The case of Maharaja Ramanuj Saran


Singh Deo of Surguja (r1917-1947) shooting more than a thousand tigers is quoted often, yet rarely does one find the efforts of princes to protect nature being seriously studied.

Asiatic lions once roamed from Palestine to Palamau, but they were wiped out barring stray sightings throughout their range except in the Gir forest and its environs at the dawn of the twentieth century. The forest had become a single site for an endangered species, with a recorded history of over a century of continued coexistence, with conflict of cattle and carnivore, and depredations of shikar. In spite of several changes in administration-princely state to British administration to independence and beyond-it has a remarkable continuity of policy of protection of the lion and its habitat. It is a clear illustrationthat history is crucial to understand the present and to plan for the future.

Saurashtra Peninsula and Junagadh State

The Saurashtra peninsula itself is a unique geographical landscape. It is bound by the Gulf of Kutch in the north, in the south and the west by the Arabian Sea and towards the east by the Gulf of Khambatt (Cambay). Unlike other peninsulas, it is almost separated from the mainland of India by the Little Run of Kutch and the flat sedimentary lowlands of Nal and the Bhal. M.A. Wynter-Blyth, Principal of Rajkumar College (1948-1963), the former princes' college at Rajkot and a renowned geographer and expert on Gir and its lions, was of the view that it was nearly insular up to the seventeenth century (Wynter-Blyth c1961:2). The people inhabiting


it speak Gujarati which has a distinct dialect, and the Kathiawadi way of life is noticeably different from the rest of Gujarat even to-day. The peninsula was always a far off place for any imperial power at Delhi. It is therefore not surprising that it was almost entirely ruled by some 222 principalities, large and small, covering nearly its whole area with but a small British Indian presence at Rajkot and elsewhere. Among the states, Junagadh had the pride of place covering an area of 8639 km 2 with a population of 800,000 and a 15 gun salute for its Nawab (Low 1947:1342; Menon 1956:150). It considered itself successor to the Mughal Empire from the demise of which it had arisen and the Nawabs received zortalbi, (tribute), frommany states of the peninsula. The very isolation of this area also ensured that the lion managed to survive here, whereas the political turmoils and its relentless pursuit in the nineteenth century ensured its destruction elsewhere in India.

Junagadh State or 'Soruth Sarkar' as it styled itself since it covered the Soruth region, was ruled by the Nawabs of the Babi clan believed to be descendants of one Abdul Rashid, who it was claimed, was in the service of the Prophet Mohamad. However, it was Sher Khan Babi who threw out the Mughal governor of the region around 1735 and founded the State and the dynasty which saw the rule of nine Nawabs until 1947 when the state itself disappeared in the cauldron of the Dominion of India. The


reigns of the eighth and the ninth Nawabs with the British administration which divided the two and the State of Saurashtra which followed, in other words roughly the first half of the twentieth century, are the focus of this chapter since this period saw the lion being saved from almost certain annihilation.

Imperatives of Protection

The setting for these events, was the second half of the nineteenth century which saw an unprecedented opening up of the subcontinent. In 1852 the telegraph made its appearance. In the subsequent year, the first train steamed out of Bori Bundar (now Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus) Mumbai for Thane. And by the 1870s a government official was deputed to supply 200,000 logs for the Indian Peninsular Railways from Betul alone in the Central Provinces (Rangarajan 1996:56).'Venomous Snakes and Dangerous Beasts' were being exterminated to facilitate expansion of imperial control and to protect the populace. It is estimated that between 1875 and 1925 80,000 tigers, 150, 000 leopards and 200,000 wolves were destroyed for rewards whereas many more may have perished for which no claims may have been made (Rangarajan 2001b: 32). In Saurashtra, the semi-arid areas, 'vidis' or grasslands, were either common grazing grounds of villages which then had far less grazing pressures, or where the preserves of one or the other of the several princes. Its forests too such as those of Barda, Alech, Mitiala or Gir were part of one state or the other. But the peninsula was different. It did not face the pressures of timber extraction as well as


the case of the jungles in the Central Provinces, as it simply did not have that quality of teak trees and the British Indian Territory being minuscule, eradication of 'harmful' creatures was not as systematic or extensive though 16 lions were killed for bounties by the princes of Saurashtra in three years around 1870s (Rangarajan 2001a). The major onslaught on wild animals was from slow but certain expansion of agriculture and grazing needs, apart from the depredations of poachers and princely shikar. The peninsula faced three years of famine from 1877 but it appears that the Sorath region where most lions lived was not much affected. However the famine of 1899-1900 was so severe that Junagadh State had to set up 157 relief works in its territory (Srivastavaand Srivastava 1996). More than a hundred years later it is still remembered as the terrible `Chappanyo Kal', the word 'Chappan' means fifty-six in Gujarati and the reference was to the Vikram Samvat year 1956 in which the blight came.

Lions themselves were disappearing from elsewhere in the peninsula as recorded by Lt. Col. L.L. Fenton who states that apart from the Gir, they had been wiped out by the middle of the nineteenth century from Barda and Alech hills, Chotila and Dhrangadhra. However, there was a stray record in 1884 from Navanagar (Fenton c1924: 1-2). Thus the stage was set for the battle for the lion's survival only in and around Gir which straddled three large states of Junagadh, Bhavnagar and Baroda. Smaller principalities such as Bilkha, Jetpur,


earlier and was malaria country making it terra incognita for most outsiders. It is obvious that the state did not yet have the machinery to trap lions on its own.

The First Attempt at the Protection of Lions

The first salvo for the protection of lions was fired by the sixth Nawab Mahbatkhanji II (1851-1888) in 1879 (GA File No. nil, Political Agency Notification No. 22 of 10 May, 1879). A fact that emerges from the Jungadh state records and it pushes back the date for the earliest protection given to wildlife noted by scholars working from imperial records by more than two decades (Rangarajan 2001b). The state had been exercised for sometime about the lion's dwindling numbers which prompted the Nawab to order strict protection of lions in histhe specific permission of the State (DUSJ, vol. 13, no. 9, April 1880). Though the Madras Presidency had passed an act as early as 1870 to preserve elephants followed by an all India act in 1879 'to prevent indiscriminate destruction of elephants', these measures were taken to ensure their steady supply for military use and logging operations (Sukumar 2003: 78-79). The Nawab's action and the British notification are a first in so far as protection of a species for its own sake is concerned and that too, at a time when tigers, leopards, wolves and other animals were being destroyed in British India as varmint. Unfortunately, in spite of these noble intentions, the lions were pursued till the independence of India and beyond.

It is pertinent to analyse these


enactments and restrictions. In India as elsewhere, the biggest carnivore such as the lion or tiger was traditionally considered royal game for centuries which could not be interfered with without the king's permission or at any rate, his sufferance (for details see Divyabhanusinh 2005). The advent of British rule in Saurashtra made it essential for the Nawab to give it the form of a written 'diktat' in order to ensure that there was no doubt about the ownership of game animals and of royal prerogative. In fact the Junagadh State notification was a 'modern' manifestation of an ancient rite. The intent of the British Gazette notification makes it clear that it was directed towards 'Europeans' who could not go about shooting any animal, not only lions, without Statepermissions in Junagadh. Outside of the Gir and its environs, there were no lions left in any case by this time, save perhaps a rare itinerant. The Indians on the other hand knew their place unless they were brother princes.

Nawab Rasulkhanji's Rule

The rule of the seventh Nawab Bahadurkhanji III (1888-1892) did not see any major event in the protection of lions. He died childless and was succeeded by his brother Rasulkhanji (1892-1911) who had led the life of a 'fakir' (religious mendicant) though he had married, spoke little English, was a crack shot who could take out a tossed coin with a gun, and though he had shot many leopards in his youth, he had not shot a lion, nor did he have the desire to shoot one.


He was not trained in statecraft which he learnt on the job and he learnt it well (Divyabhanusinh 2005: ch. 8). He also had the knack of selecting able diwans, eight out of ten of whom were Hindus.

Though Junagadh State had taken formal steps for the lion's protection, the ground reality was different. According to the State's administration report, Junagadh had an area of 8505 km 2 in 1906-07 and somewhat less than half of it had been covered by the Gir forest when the Great Trigonometrical Survey was conducted in 1875-76. But the forest was dwindling in size and almost two-thirds of the jungle had denuded since then. Though a Mr Bar (the state's administration report gives no information about his antecedents) had prepared a plan forits protection as early as 1880 at the instance of the Political Agent, Col. L.C. Barton, it seems to have remained on paper (JAR 1906-07:1, 22-27).

Soon after he came to the throne, Rasulkhanji issued a new set of rules for shikar in 1896 which involved heavy fines for offenders. He promulgated a total ban on killing peafowl. He anticipated our republic - which made it the national bird and banned its destruction - by more than half a century. The lions on the other hand, could only be shot by special permission of the state for special reasons and circumstances (JRM 1930, vol. 3, 1907-8, notification no. 1683, resolution no. 1877). Peacock being the chosen mount of Goddess Saraswati according to the Hindus, who numbered four out of


five of Junagadh's subjects, was given protection. The Nawab's action was a clear indication of his respect for his subjects' sentiments. The lion however, was not so lucky though it is the chosen mount of Goddess Durga. In other words lions could be shot for raisons d'etat or personal favours. By 1906-07 only 883 km 2 of Gir came under the jurisdiction of the recently created Forest Department to which 184 km 2 area was added. In the same year the French-trained F.R. Desai was appointed the first Conservator of Forests, who drew up a detailed proposal for the forest management which protected it from illegal felling yet it gave to the state a steady income which continued right up to 1945 (JAR, 1907, vol. 3, 1, 21-22;1945:112). By 1908-09 the area of Gir forest under the charge of the Forest Department had increased to 1530 km 2 and a sanctuary for lions was set up covering an area of over 326 km 2 within it (JAR 1908-9, 32-33; 1909-10:3 1). It was the first of its kind in the British Indian empire to be followed a decade later by Kaziranga which was declared a Reserved Forest to protect the greater one horned rhinoceros in 1908. This was the culmination of the steps initiated under Lord Curzon's Viceroyalty (18991905) in 1905 when it was believed that hardly 10 to 12 animals were left in the area. It was declared a Game Sanctuary as late as 1926 (Gee, 1964:53; Oberoi and Bonal 2002:24). This is an


account of the state's intent and formal declarations. How much of it was translated into action on the ground was a different matter. The state's annual administration report for the year 1911-12 by which time Junagadh had just come under British administration, states that F.R. Desai's recommendations were not acted upon and his report 'appears to have been filed in the Diwan's office' (JAR 1911-12:32). Whether this is an accurate reflection of reality or it was an attempt to show Rasulkhanji's administration in poor light upon which the British administration would improve, is moot.

An Asiatic lion trophy was a rarity and therefore there were continuous pressures on Junagadh state from British officers. A dubious example was set by Sir Seymour Fitzgerald, Governor of Bombay who went to theadministration. These, noted Fenton, were liberally given to local British Officers and others in the last years of the nineteenth century and the early part of the twentieth century. He would later recall that 'at no time the preservation of the lions was strictly carried out' (Fenton c1924: 7) in spite of the stringent rules promulgated by three Nawabs in succession. Charles Augustus Kincaid, Judicial Assistant to the Political Agent in 1902, was permitted a lion by Rasulkhanji. He was very keen to shoot a male man-eater but ended up by shooting a lioness. He sent a telegram to the Nawab thanking him for his hospitality to his wife and him and for permitting him to shoot one lion against which he had shot a lioness. The Nawab


replied 'Take lioness for Madam Saheb, get lion for yourself' (Kincaid 1935: 10-11).

Junagadh State had a unique problem of the lion. Its territories did not encompass all of the Gir jungle which spread across the borders of neighbouring princely states. In fact, the problem was serious enough for Rasulkhanji to address the highest officer in the Empire, Lord Curzon the Viceroy, in his letter of 8 August 1901. He said that lions had left their lairs in the forest and gone over to the plain country bordering the Gir into the other principalities' territories. While the lion was strictly protected in Junagadh such was not the case outside and if the animal did not receive strict protection there, he feared 'that this noble race will be extinguished byto the game of numbers. Though Junagadh routinely underplayed the size of lion population to keep British officers and ambitious princes from making their shikar a habit, there is no doubt that their numbers had declined a great deal. While it spurred Junagadh to give it protection it also stopped even a Viceroy from hunting them. In 1900 Lord Curzon was to visit the State. A viceregal visit to a native state was a great honour for the latter and no expense was spared to make it a success. In Junagadh, a lion shoot was de rigueur for the Viceroy just as say a tiger shoot in Gwalior or a good tusker in Mysore or a duck shoot in Bharatput was. Curzon had heard there were very few


lions left. His source of information remains unclear to this day: it was certainly not his host, Junagadh State. There was, however, a newspaper report from Bombay which said that the lions' condition was precarious and that they should be allowed to remain free in their last retreat undisturbed by 'Viceroy or Vandal' (Mosse 1957). In the event, Curzon did not go to the Gir, he returned from Junagadh and urged the Nawab to give these animals strict protection. Rasulkhanji's disappointment at being unable to 'offer' a lion was evident in his letter to the viceroy. On 27 November, 1900 he wrote:

'I cannot but observe here that I fully appreciated and admired your noble consideration in abandoning the lion shooting. Your Excellency's giving up the idea has greatlydisappointed me.

The cry raised on this side of India that the lions were almost extinct in the Gir forest and the shooting would help in the final extermination of the animal was far from correct …

I propose however to approach your Excellency later on with the request to favour me with a shooting excursion in the Gir before your Excellency's departure from India' (GA, file No. 49, 1901).

The implications of this letter are clear. The Nawab and his administration would provide protection, but the lion would be available for raisons d'etat. It is also a clear indication that though they were few, lions were not about to become extinct.

The British Administration

Rasulkhanji died in 1911 leaving a minor heir-apparent to succeed him. The Imperial government took no chances and


promptly imposed British administration in the State which lasted for a decade under the stewardship of H.D. Rendall till 1920 when the last Nawab Mahbatkhanji III came of age. This opened another chapter in the conservation of lions.

Lord Curzon himself had hoped that his example of restraint in not shooting a lion would be followed by others in the empire. He wrote to the Burma Game Preservation Association in 1902 that lions were only to be found in the ever narrow patch of forest in Kathiwawar and he was 'on the verge of contributing to their still further reduction … but fortunately I found out my mistake in time, and was able to adopt a restraint which I hope that others will follow' (NAI, Home Public, August 1904,No. 15). Regrettably, this did not happen and the Junagadh State had to give into such requests during Rasulkhanji's reign. The British administration had no such problems. They could surely not be seen to be misusing their powers and bestowing favours by giving permission to British officers or other Europeans for such shoots during the minority of the Nawab. Cadell recorded with satisfaction that during this period between 1911 and 1920 'not even a Governor of Bombay … was invited to shoot in the forest' (Cadell 1933).

Under the very same circumstances, the British administration was able to ward off requests from other princes who sought permissions to shoot, which was a constant irritant to Junagadh State. Kumar Shri Vijayrajji of Kutch approached L. Robertson, the administrator (who was


our position'. The Raja of Poonch a feudatory prince of Jammu & Kashmir, state was curtly informed that permissions for lion shoots were given only in exceptional circumstances and many persons were on the waiting list' (GA file no. 6, 1912, letters of 18 February, 22 March; file no. 17, 1913, letters of 16 Feb, 10 April; file no. 15, 1917, letter of 23 Feb.). After all Poonch was not in the same league as Bikaner!

H.D. Rendall was put on the spot by a request for an Indian lion from the British Museum which came through the office of the Secretary of State for India. It is to the credit of the administrator that he held his ground saying he had refused many requests from various ruling chiefsthe minor chief 'is somewhat backward, but under the care of his tutor and guardian Mr Turkhad he has advanced both in physical and mental attainments …' (JAR, 1910- 11:3). These were portents of events yet to take place. He inherited a tightly administered principality, but he took avuncular interest in managing the affairs of state which was run by his diwans and the state's executive council of which he was the head. His reign of twenty-seven years saw ten diwans of which four were Hindus, two were British officers and four were Muslims (Sodha 2002:20). All of whom served him and the state loyally but for two, the first being his childhood friend Mohmad Bhai, who had to leave under a cloud in 1932 which brought the


British in again, and the last diwan, Shah Nawaz Bhutto, whose son Zulfikar and grand daughter Benazir were to become Prime Ministers of Pakistan. He influenced the Nawab to accede to Pakistan in 1947. The Nawab today is a political persona non grata in India for his monumental act of political naivety. If he is remembered at all, it is for his love of dogs. His even-handed treatment of all his subjects regardless of religion, his love for the Kathi horse, a breed unique to the region which was put on a postage stamp (Divyabhanusinh 1992), and particularly for his Gir breed of cows, the favourite of which one Kaveri by name, accompanied him wherever he traveled in his state, his ban on cow slaughter of draft andmilch cattle in 1944 (Sodha 2002:82; Divyabhanusinh 2005, ch. 9) are all forgotten. As for the lions, they remained a subject close to his heart till the very end. No one could have imagined it, but their survival is part of the legacy of the Babi dynasty which ruled Junagadh for nearly two centuries.

To Mahbatkhanji, lions were royal game, his special charge. He shot lions as was the custom of the times, yet he did so sparingly. He would go to Gir for shikar. The best trophy animal with the darkest mane would be earmarked for him, it would be beaten out of the jungle in front of his machan (shooting platform built usually on a tree) but the Nawab would not shoot saying that the animal's mane


was not black enough! He would tell the shikaris that he would come the next Friday for another shoot and leave for Junagadh. The object was to keep an eye on what was happening in the jungle and keep his staff on their toes (Divyabhanusinh 2005, ch. 9).

Very few lions were shot by the Nawab or other personages of his state as the records of van Ingen and van Ingen the famous taxidermists of Mysore show. Between 1929-1932 and 1940-1947, i.e. in a period of twelve years, the firm received only fourteen skins for processing and not all of them may have been shikar trophies. The records for the rest of the years of the Nawab's reign are not available (E. Joebert van Ingen, pers. comm. 1997). SirMaharawal Lakshman Singh of Dungarpur (r. 1928-1948). Both of them went to the extent of reintroducing large predators in their states- leopards and tigers respectively-in the 1920s which had become extinct. Both were keen shikaris and they reintroduced these animals for their hunting pleasures, yet they maintained stable populations of these animals which disappeared from their habitats only after 1948 (Ranjitsinh 1997:24, 58). These two instances are the earliest successful reintroductions of large carnivores in the world. The leopard and the tiger disappeared from these areas only because the two states themselves were wiped out of the political map of India.

About the same time, Maharaja Madho Rao Scindia of Gwalior (r. 1886- 1925) introduced African lions near Shivpuri. However, this experiment failed as the animals became cattle-lifters and


man-eaters and they had to be destroyed. He had to be content with shooting tigers only! The princes protected 'their' game within 'their' territories even if it was done for the not so egalitarian purpose of providing only themselves and their entourage with 'sport'! Itinerants and vagrants from neighbouring principalities were kosher shikar, but again only for the select few.

The Symbol of State

The lion was equally important to Junagadh as its symbol. The sixth Nawab Mahbatkhanji II (1857-1882) is seen in a painting standing beside a gilded chair bearing lion armrests. Three Nawabs who succeeded him sat on similar chairs (Shiekh 1936) and the Nawabs sat on a simhasana (lion seat or throne), like any one of his Hindu brother princes during functions of state. In 1877 whenQueen Victoria assumed the title of Empress of India, she presented a banner whose armorial bearings had rampant lions as supporters (Watson 1884, frontispiece). Nawab Rasulkhanji had adopted a medallion as a state emblem which had a mountain representing Girnar, a castle representing Junagadh, the 'old fort' after which the state took its name, with a rising sun, a lion couchant the pride of the state and symbol of royalty occupying a prominent place-the last two were symbols of the Mughals too-and three sailing ships representing the port of Veraval. This symbol continued to be used on state stationary, cutlery, crockery, glassware, etc. up to 1947 and for a while beyond. The last Nawab added to the lion symbolism by issuing postage stamps in 1929 with the Gir


lion on it. This was a 'first' in the empire (Divyabhanusinh 1992) and it was done as explained by Mohmad Bhai, the diwan himself because the

… 'Gir lion' symbolises the survival of the Indian lion in the Gir forest of the state alone throughout India. The Gir lion accordingly is also one of the symbols in the Armorial bearings of this state (Wood and Meher 1998: 95).

The Last Nawab Protects Lions

The problems of protection of lions and their possible solutions had crystallised during the reign of Rasulkhanji. The British administration that followed was obliged to tackle the same problems too. Thus the stage was already set for the battles over the lion's protection during Mahbatkhanji's long reign. It is to his credit that he persevered regardless of theodds.

Within a year of his being invested with full powers, Mahbatkhanji was faced with a full blown lion crisis. He received a letter from Maharaja Jam Saheb Ranjitsinhji of Navanagar better known to the cricketing world as 'Ranji', informing him that he and Maharaja Ganga Singh of Bikaner were invited by Darbar Muluwala of Pithadia-Jetpur (a Kathi Taluka enclave in Junagadh State) to shoot in the Mendarda portion of the Gir and requested the Nawab to permit him to shoot a lion. The Nawab's response was prompt and decisive. He informed Ranji that twelve lions had been shot in 1920 in neighbouring territories of other principalities which had become a subject of correspondence with the British Government. He went on to add that he was sure Bikaner would


Agent to the Governor-General at Rajkot (GA, file no. 10/8, letter of 6 March, 1937) to keep the British and princely lion shikaris at bay.

The Nawab continued to battle for the lions until the very end of his rule in October 1947. As he left for the airport to catch the plane for Karachi, he had tears in his eyes as he looked, as it turned out for the last time, at the majestic Girnar mountain and said in a memorable sotto voce to no one in particular 'who will protect my lions now?' (Maharana Raj Saheb Pratapsinhji of Wankaver, pers. comm., 2002). It was the end of an era for lions that began sometime in the 1870s. A new set of humans were to acquire control overtheir destiny, they were about to face fresh challenges and reprieves within the new political dispensation.

Independence and the Annexation of Junagadh

The year 1947 was a disaster for Jungadh State. As late as 29 April, diwan Mohmed Hussain issued a gazette notification stating that the state would accede to India. But Shah Nawaz Bhutto who succeeded him as diwan at this crucial juncture was able to influence the politically naive Nawab to make a monumental blunder to accede to Pakistan which spelt the doom of the Babi dynasty. The Nawab's decision was announced on 15 August, a day after Pakistan was born. His administration lost control steadily and he himself had to leave for Karachi on 24 October. A government-in-exile, Arzi Hakumat, had been set up at Rajkot and


for the first large mammal census in Independent India. The method was codified by the latter in a field guide for future efforts for the Government of India (Dharmakumarsinhji 1959) and which is followed with modifications for enumerating tigers to this day. The fact that the new Government of Saurashtra was counting lions is an indication of their concern for their survival, a fortuitous continuation of the princely tradition!

The creation of Saurashtra brought in its wake unforeseen benefits for the lion. Maharaja Jam Saheb Digvijaysinhji of Navanagar became head of state as Rajpramukh who kept the prerogative of permitting lion shikar in his own hands though there was a responsible democratic government in the state. For the first time, a single authority got control over the neighbouring principalitiesof Junagadh and the total number of lions to be shot, which was henceforth controlled by him, was around three per year. What Mahbatkhanji III and his father Rasulkhanji had fought for throughout their reigns finally came to pass.

The Dominion of India metamorphosed into a Republic, the State of Saurashtra went through an election for its legislature by adult suffrage in 1952. The State government continued lion protection vigorously until it was merged with the Bombay State in 1956. However, the parameters of protection for lions did not change, in fact they improved. The administration of the state did not face the pressures that devolved on its successors in the 1960s and later, the old feudal restraint held the population in check and the administration remained effective.

The Present


Scenario, a Brief Overview

With the reorganisation of the Indian polity on linguistic lines in 1956, the centre of authority shifted even further from Junagadh as it moved from Rajkot to Bombay only to come back to Gandhinagar in 1960. While princely shikar came to an end with these changes, the control of the administration on the Gir weakened, pressures of human and cattle populations had begun to tell on the forest and the lion population declined as per the estimates to about 166 in 1968 from a high of about 285 in 1963.

This was Gir's second crisis in two decades. It predated the realisation of a crisis of the tigers survival which was to give birth to the Project Tiger in 1973. The administration again responded because thereSir Francis (ed.). 1947. The Indian Year Book 1947: A Statistical and Historical Annual of the Indian Empire with an Explanation of the Principal Topics of the Day. Bennet, Coleman and Co. Ltd. 16. Menon, V.P. 1956. The Story of the Integration of Indian States. Orient Languages, Bombay. 17. Mosse, Lt.Col. A.H. 1957. The lion of the Gir. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 54(3): 568-76. 18. National Archives of India (NAI). National Archives of India, New Delhi. 19. Oberoi, C.P. and B.S. Bonal. 2002. Kaziranga: The Rhino Land. B.R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi. 20. Rangarajan, M. 1996. Fencing the Forest: Conservation and Ecological Change in India's Central Provinces 1860-1914. Oxford University Press, Delhi. 21. Rangarajan, M. 2001a. From Princely Symbol to Conservation Icon: A Political History of


a list in Wikipedia.
When government defaults on its debts, it will not pay some or all of them, and its currency may also be devaluated. For example, in Russia in 1998 the currency lost 70% of its value against the USD within months, and much of the cash at hands of the public became worthless overnight. In the US in 1933 the President issued an executive order forbidding private citizens keeping gold and silver bullions and coins, which resulted in dollar devaluation by about 30% and investors in precious metals losing large amounts of money. The executive order requiring surrender of the Treasury gold certificates is in fact the government's failure to pay on these obligations.
While the US or Russia control their own currency, European countries don't andThe U.S. military says it halted an air raid against the Islamic State group in eastern Syria after being told by Russia that it might have struck Syrian government forces, resulting in the deaths of 62 Syrian soldiers, according to Maj. Gen. Igor Konashenkov, a Russian Defence Ministry spokesman.

The U.S. Central Command statement was issued late Saturday, after Syria and Russia said the U.S.-led coalition had struck a Syrian military base in Deir el-Zour that is surrounded by IS militants, enabling them to advance.

The statement says "the airstrike was halted immediately when coalition officials were informed by Russian officials that it was possible the personnel and vehicles targeted were part of the Syrian military."

It says "coalition forces would not intentionally strike a known Syrian military unit."

A U.S. military


official said he was "pretty sure" targets mistakenly hit in the coalition strikes were Syrian forces.

Russian Defence Ministry spokesman Igor Konashenkov says a U.S. airstrike on Saturday took place near the Deir el-Zour airport in eastern Syria. (Google/CBC)

'Serious and blatant attack on Syria'

Konashenkov says the airstrike on Saturday took place near the Deir el-Zour airport in eastern Syria and was carried out by two F-16s and two A-10s.

He did not identify the planes' country affiliation, but said they were part of the international coalition.Konashenkov says Syrian authorities told the Russians that 62 soldiers were killed and more than 100 wounded.

He says the planes came from the direction of the border with Iraq.

In this June photo released by a militant website, ISIS fighters fire weapons toward Syrian troops inDeir el-Zour. The Syrian military said a U.S. airstrike that reportedly hit Syria forces enabled an ISIS advance on a hill overlooking an air base in the region. (Associated Press)

The Syrian military said the airstrike enabled an ISIS advance on a hill overlooking the air base. It called the strike a "serious and blatant attack on Syria and its military," and "firm proof of the U.S. support of Daesh and other terrorist groups," using the Arabic acronym for IS. President Bashar Assad's government views all those fighting against it as "terrorists," and has long accused the U.S. and other rebel supporters of backing extremists.

The U.S. is not known to have directly struck Assad's forces at any point during the five-year civil war.

Emergency UN meeting scheduled

The UN Security Council


Google Shuts Down Amazon Unionization Website (UPDATED)

For several months, a website hosted on a Google subdomain was posting workplace horror stories from people claiming to be Amazon employees. Now it's been shut down. Kelly O

Sponsored Port Townsend Film Festival Stream 24/7 - Watch 75 curated films with filmmaker interviews & special events. Support local arts!

This post has been updated. Scroll to the bottom for more.

It appears that Google has disabled a website where people who claim to be Amazon employees were threatening to unionize. Google posted a notice saying the website violated its terms of service on Friday evening.

On Tuesday, we ran a story about the website, which was soliciting Amazon workplace horror stories to be published online. The site, which called itself the Former and Current Employeeshis expert pressure, he identified a small dent in the iPhone 6's form. He did, though, claim that it's far less bendy than the 6 Plus.

Clearly, it's impossible to know whether he used precisely the same force as he did with the 6 Plus. He insisted, however, that the smaller size of the phone contributed to its additional sturdiness, an argument some logicians might admire.

The really rather gorgeous HTC One M8 cracked under pressure. The allegedly unmistakable sound of loose glue permeated the ether. The screen emerged a touch from its perfect casing too.

The Moto X is, in Hilsenteger's estimation, "solid." It stood as firm and unbending as a guard in a silly hat outside Buckingham Palace. This phone was, for him, the biggest surprise.

The Lumia did apparently


King is an album released by Belly in 1995, two years after their previous album, Star. Although the members had tightened their focus and polished their hook-laden songs, the album and its singles were commercial failures in the grunge-friendly atmosphere of 1995, and the band broke up shortly after it was released.junior and senior high schools (formerly all white) into a single senior high school for the entire district, and by proposing to make Higgins junior and senior high schools (formerly all black) into a single junior high school for the whole district. It proposed to leave unchanged the totally (or nearly so) segregated elementary school program under the zoning system already disapproved by Clarksdale I and indeed by the district court's order of January 10, but now sought to be restored to acceptability and brought forward under the Ellis neighborhood school or geographical proximity or "equal distance zoning" label. No change with respect to the elementary schools of Clarksdale would occur except the nomenclature employed. The racial makeup of pupils attending the several elementary schools would continue exactly


this Court's appraisal of the maximum that could be accomplished in converting to a unitary system under the facts in that case. Orange County, Florida, is a countywide district including a heavily populated metropolitan core and numerous outlying smaller population centers. It involved 2913 teachers and a student population of 36,498 in junior and senior high schools, 43,822 in elementary schools and 2548 in vocational and special educational classes, for a total school population of 82,868. The maximum desegregation possible of accomplishment in such a school system as Orange County bears little relation to the factual situation in this case.

14
Here we deal with a compact district of four square miles whose boundaries are coterminous with the city limits of Clarksdale, containing a school population of about 5300, roughlyapproximately 82 per cent white — 18 per cent black. The Monroe City system, on the other hand, encompasses an urban area only, comprises a relatively small land area, has a total of only 18 schools, and has a racial ratio of students of approximately 51 per cent white — 49 per cent black. In view of these circumstances, we reject as facially invalid the School Board's plan, under which close to 85 per cent of the black elementary students would continue to attend four traditionally black schools, two of which remain all-black (Lincoln and Clark) and two of which remain nearly all-black (Carver and Berg Jones). The two elementary schools which would remain all-black would alone house about 66 per cent of the approximately 3000 black elementary


district court may proceed to consider alterations and amendments to it, to the extent that they represent forward, not backward steps.10

25
Under the HEW plan integration of six of the seven elementary schools is achieved by superimposing pairing of grades upon existing zone boundaries. The HEW plan reverses the uses to which Clarksdale junior-senior and Higgins would be put: formerly white Clarksdale junior and senior high schools would be combined to form a citywide junior high school, grades 7 and 8; and the Higgins school (now junior and senior) would be combined with Oliver Elementary (across the street) to form a citywide senior high school composed of grades 9 through 12. Oliver Elementary would handle the ninth grade and the other three would be housed at the two adjacentfrom reliable sources. Their accuracy is not questioned in the district's brief. Variance in totals is caused by time differences in collecting figures.

29
As the tables in footnote 11 demonstrate, the HEW plan accomplishes substantial desegregation at all of the schools of the system with the exception of Booker T. Washington Elementary and the roughly 500 Negro children who presently attend Washington. These children represent about 16% — 17% of all the Negro pupils in the system, about 27% — 28% of the blacks in elementary grades. Examination of the maps in evidence suggests the reason for Washington being a more difficult location to desegregate pupilwise. The Washington attendance area is circumscribed by rather formidable boundaries: the city limits to the south, the north-south railroad line to the east,


Highway 61 to the north and the Sunflower River to the west. Additionally, between the school and the highway the area is heavily industrialized along the north-south railway tracks. All of these factors make it more difficult for children to enter the Washington area from the east or go out of it to the east. Study of the maps indicates that access into and out of the area to the north and west may be had by using Sunflower Avenue which parallels the river to the east of it. With pupils using this route the Washington school may possibly be combined into the Riverton-Oakhurst-Myrtle Hall cluster. Some other arrangement may be better. We leave this for determination by the district court under the leadership of the school boardand HEW, with the help of the bi-racial committee required hereunder, infra. During the first semester of the 1970-71 school year studies as to the ultimate use of Washington and the Negro children presently assigned there should be undertaken as a high priority project so that these children may start receiving the benefits of a completely integrated education beginning with the second semester of the coming school year.

30
We have given careful attention to the criticisms of the district court in its May 8 order directed toward the HEW plan. Concededly the plan is not perfect, but its one paramount advantage outstrips and overcomes each of the criticisms leveled at it by the district judge: it accomplishes desegregation of the Clarksdale Municipal Separate School District. As the only plan


    1,985     3,183

12
 These figures are taken from reports to the Court filed April 15, 1970 as required by this Court's order of March 30, 1970. United States v. Hinds County, supra

38
COLEMAN, Circuit Judge (dissenting).

39
I respectfully dissent.

40
I feel that the decision of the majority is in direct conflict with the principles enunciated by Ellis v. Board of Public Instruction of Orange County, Florida, 5 Cir., 1970, 423 F.2d 203 [Judges Bell, Ainsworth, and Godbold].

41
As to the elementary grades at Clarksdale, the District Court entered an order which to the very last letter met the specifications of Orange. It was ordered that the elementary pupil should attend the school nearest his residence, regardless of zones and regardless of the present or previousracial enrollment of the school. It was further ordered that in case the capacity of the school should deny the attendance of any student, he should then attend the school next nearest his residence, regardless of any zone line, or present or previous racial enrollment of the school. The Court additionally ordered imposition of a majority to minority transfer policy, in which the transferring student was to be granted priority of space in the school to which he desired to transfer. This was a simon-pure Orange order.

42
In Orange County, supra, the Fifth Circuit approved the Constitutionality of a neighborhood assignment system, where the student must attend the nearest school, without exception and without variance, or, in the absence of available space, the student must attend the next nearest


school in which space is available.

43
The Fifth Circuit stated that the majority to minority transfer provision under the leadership of the bi-racial committee would be a tool to alleviate the all-Negro schools which resulted from residential patterns, 423 F.2d 208.

44
In a county in which the Negro pupils constituted only 18% of the total pupil population, the Court approved the neighborhood plan and, in doing so, it left three all-Negro schools in the Orange County system.

45
In rendering its decision in Orange, the Court did not say that the neighborhood school was Constitutional because Orange County contained a small Negro population or because Orange County was a big school district, with thousands of teachers and students. Obviously it could not have said so, because Constitutional principles applicable to one schoolit to others whose problems are even more acute.

50
The plaintiffs in the Court below, so the record shows, attacked the Orange County decision as "an aberration". This Court en banc has never said so, and the only way legally to over-rule Orange would be by an en banc decision.

51
Here, however, the District Judge followed Orange to the last letter and for this he is to be reversed by two judges out of the fourteen on this Court. I shall request the Chief Judge to poll the Court on granting an en banc hearing in this case. It is public knowledge that an Orange County plan has been ordered by the District Court for the Southern District of Texas for the City of Houston, Texas, and that case is


evidence showing the presence of such barriers, obstacles, and handicaps as two mainline elevated railroad tracks, a large channel of the Sunflower River with limited bridge crossings, resulting under-passes and over-passes, through-highways, and other special traffic conditions involved in traversing Clarksdale's commercial and business center, with one contingent of younger children passing another contingent of younger children headed in opposite directions for the purpose of meeting their assignments at the paired grade schools. This is a far cry from conventional pairing of nearby schools of a rural school district previously served by a regular school transportation system (citing case). The overwhelming weight of the evidence in the case convinces this court that the instant pairing plan would produce great hardships, if not danger, to many school children fromappraisal. Accordingly, we believe it appropriate to remand the cases to those courts.

63
"In fashioning and effectuating the decrees, the courts will be guided by equitable principles. Traditionally, equity has been characterized by a practical flexibility in shaping its remedies and by a facility for adjusting and reconciling public and private needs. These cases call for the exercise of these traditional attributes of equity power.

64
"To that end, the courts may consider problems related to administration arising from the physical condition of the school plant, the school transportation system, personnel, revision of school districts and attendance areas into compact units to achieve a system of determining admission to the public schools on a nonracial basis, and revision of local laws and regulations which may be necessary in solving the foregoing


The man who brought us the George W. Bush paintings has reportedly been arrested: On Wednesday night, Romanian authorities arrested Marcel Lazăr Lehel, the 40-year-old man accused of being the hacker Guccifer, at his home in Arad. Guccifer has hacked into the email accounts of Colin Powell, family members and friends of at least three U.S. presidents, plus numerous other celebrities and officials.

According to Softpedia and various Romanian news sources, Romania's Directorate for Investigating Organized Crime and Terrorism (DIICOT) raided Lazăr Lehel's home last night. He was reportedly arrested shortly after.

This isn't the first time Lazăr Lehel has been arrested for hacking: In February 2012, he was convicted of dozens of hacking-related charges and received a three year suspended sentence. Those charges stemmed from Lazăr Lehel's attacks onNEW YORK -- There are very few people in the United States with more power than an officer of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection. At the U.S. border, one person alone can begin a process that could eventually see a visitor's removal -- voluntary or obligatory -- from the country.

It is a troubling irony for a nation founded on the basis of immigration.

The vast majority of people who enter the U.S. come through the Canadian or Mexican border. But more than one quarter of all travelers to the U.S. arrive by air, which following the events over the past few years has seen a dramatic increase in security. Between the moment one passes through security at the departing airport and the moment one passes through customs and


searches and screening before or after flight into the United States.

According to Department of Homeland Security (DHS) figures, nearly 98 percent of all travelers are admitted to the country directly from initial or "primary" inspection by officials at U.S. ports of entry.

Of an estimated 98.3 million international travelers admitted by air to the U.S. in 2012 (PDF), about 724,000 were detained, arrested, or refused entry to the country, according to data from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). The reasons are varied: Outstanding foreign arrest warrants, immigration issues, failure to declare the proper documentation, and environmental and agricultural hazards are all cited.

In some cases, no reason is given.

Flying a non-direct flight from the Dominican Republic to Seattle via Miami in early June this year, Eaton said that followinga routine search at his departing airport, he was subsequently detained for more than six hours at Miami International Airport, where he had a planned layover.

Nearly 98 percent of land, sea, and air travelers are admitted to the U.S. directly from initial or "primary" inspection by officials at U.S. ports of entry. That said, many millions are not.

Eaton found himself subject to a secondary screening process -- "SSSS" was stamped on his boarding pass -- in which his bags were searched in a separate room. Though officers at the airport were polite and courteous, Eaton suspected that something abnormal was afoot.

He's not alone. Security researcher and programmer Nadim Kobeissi said that he was stopped at least 10 times for secondary screening at U.S. airports between March and August


be conducted at a U.S. airport by the Transport Security Administration (TSA), or by a foreign agency of the same authority, often under instruction and guidance from the DHS.

The U.S. government is known to maintain a list of names that are subject to additional screening, from regular citizens to diplomats and politicians. As of December 2009, the list reportedly contained 16,000 names. It is believed that the total has increased by many thousands since.

Only later would it become clear to Eaton, once he was subject to six hours of detention at Miami, that this search was targeted and directed at him, he said.

Detained, searched, interrogated

Eaton says he was asked numerous questions during his U.S. interrogation, including questions about his family, his partner's family, his employer, and details ofhis prior travels, information which many would consider to be personal and sensitive. Unlike Kobeissi, who was split on his belief of why he was stopped more than a dozen times in the space of a few months, Eaton is "nearly certain" that this unwanted attention from U.S. officials was entirely a result of his work.

Eaton's work as a digital media specialist has a heavy focus on the climate movement. He noted that the officers were "particularly interested" in his trip to Alaska on the Greenpeace ship MV Esperanza.

While he had his suspicions on what the CBP officers were after, "I learned later that when they pulled my partner aside, the first thing they asked was if she had my phone. I think it's pretty clear that is


what they were after." He said that the officers wanted his phone so they could see who his contacts were at particular organizations.

But things became heated when the officers asked for his iPhone passcode, in which he noted his discomfort in handing it over.

It was clear to him that the implication was that should he fail to hand over his passcode, he would not be admitted into the U.S. They asked questions laced with accusations, such as whether he was hiding something "like child pornography?" They said they couldn't answer what they would do with his phone should he disclose the code.

In Eaton's case, he asked for legal representation -- and was informed that he had yet to be admitted to the U.S. and therefore did not haveright to counsel. That stands in conflict with advice (PDF) offered by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). The border agents implied that Eaton had no rights while he was being detained, he said.

Unaware of his rights, he eventually buckled under the weight of worry for his partner. He said he did not see his phone for the next four hours.

He strongly suspects that his phone was plugged in after noticing all the notes in his iPhone were deleted. The battery had no charge left, he said, so "they had to charge it."

Eaton was released after six hours without being told why. "I was never told why I was being detained," Eaton said. "In fact, I believe I was misled at times [by] being told it was random


for his arrest. "I have never been arrested."

Weeks later, agents from the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation visited Eaton at his apartment. He was one of many several climate activists in the city who had been subject to approaches by the agency, he told me. Seattle-based newspaper The Stranger confirmed that six other activists were approached by the agency in July. Eaton explained that the agents wanted to "clear up" the trouble he had experienced at the airport. After saying he wished to consult a lawyer, he declined to speak to them again.

Where U.S. jurisdiction starts, but not where U.S. legal rights begin

Immigration lawyers and defense attorneys find the border captivating because it is an ill-defined, seemingly stateless space between countries -- that is, a minefield of conflictfor domestic, foreign, and international law.

Once a traveler passes through security at the airport, they enter an "airside" transit zone (often studded with duty-free shopping opportunities). These areas remain the jurisdiction of the country in which the airport is based, but "without the constraints that you would normally have within a liberal democratic society," according to Danish researcher and sovereignty expert Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen, speaking to National Public Radio in July.

This kind of transit zone is where David Miranda, the partner of journalist Glenn Greenwald (who published a string of U.S. government documents leaked by former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden), was detained for almost nine hours at London Heathrow Airport earlier in August.

More from CBS News W.H. dodges questions about 'overkill' border control amendment White House press


secretary Jay Carney commended "bipartisan effort" on immigration reform legislation.

By invoking Schedule 7 of the Terrorism Act, a statute within United Kingdom law that only applies to a border area and a port of entry such as an airport, U.K. government officials were able to prevent Miranda from contacting an attorney and force him to hand over passwords to his electronic devices. There is no right to silence under the Act.

Miranda, a Brazilian national on his way to Rio de Janeiro (where he resides with Greenwald), said he was "escorted to passport control so he could enter Britain and wait there." By leaving the border area and entering Britain, only then was he afforded rights that U.K. residents enjoy.

A similar kind of situation could arise between the spacewhere a traveler leaves the U.S. via a transit zone, or enters the country at one of the 329 official U.S. ports of entry, defined as a place where one may lawfully enter the U.S., including by land, sea, and airports. In other words, the U.S. "border" is not simply the collection of places where one crosses from Mexico or Canada into the U.S., and the points at which a border or customs official hands back a stamped passport. The reality is far more complicated.

"Legally speaking, and in reality, governments have taken sort of quite a few liberties in creating what you might call sort of smooth spaces," Gammeltoft-Hansen said. "In some situations, including nearby hotels, nearby detention centers -- even a court many miles away from the


actual airport and still sort of maintaining this idea -- well, this is part of an airport transit zone."

The practice means millions of travelers who pass through these areas remain subject to U.S. law, but enjoy fewer rights, because they have yet to officially enter the country.

The U.S. government's designation of its "border" can stretch as far as 100 miles inland from the point where it begins, according to the ACLU -- large enough to include about two thirds of the U.S. population, as well as almost every major U.S. city, including New York, Boston, Washington D.C., Chicago, Seattle, Los Angeles, and San Francisco.

This broad definition gives the U.S. Border Patrol, a division similar to U.S. Customs and Border Protection, the "claimed authority" to set up checkpoints onNot to get too theological, but folklore tradition does excel in combining hell and happy endings in a way that's uncommonly satisfying. And we know from The Devil's Storybook (BCCB 12/74)-may it live forever-that Natalie Babbitt has more than a nodding acquaintance with the prince of darkness in his less princely moments. Now we learn that Fred Marcellino is equally adept at depicting just such moments with graphic aplomb in this adaptation of "The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs." It's the story of a lowborn baby boy whom a fortune-teller predicts will marry a princess. Needless to say, said princess' father (the king) is displeased with this news and tries to kill the child, first by putting him in a box and throwing it into the river,


then by sending him (sixteen years later) to the queen with a message ordering his execution, and finally by demanding that he fetch three golden hairs from the devil's head. None of these schemes works. The box floats, delivering the baby to a couple who names him Marco and happily raises him to young manhood. Robbers swap the death note for another one instructing the queen to marry the princess to Marco rather than disposing of him. And thank goodness the Devil has a grandmother. She's probably Marco's only hope for mercy, at least in the world of the Brothers Grimm.

With characteristic economy, Babbitt excises two incidents that are in the Grimms' version of Marco's journey to hell, which focuses the story for a stronger pace and ending.the service of the good guys. Of course, it helps that the boy is handsome, tall, sweet, and confident, but without that old woman's intervention, even a child of fortune would have fallen prey to the forces of evil ("He'd snap your nose off," says Grandmother). In fact, the Grimms' own variant reinforces this notion by doubling the old women: the boy is first saved by another old woman who allows him into the robbers' den and then protects him from their initial inclination to kill him.

What do these old women signify? According to Babbitt's and Marcellino's playful interpretation, old age is good when it gives way to youth with willing grace. Babbitt's king is not giving way-he's as captious and vain as the devil. Babbitt's text tips


us off on the first page, when the king reacts to the prophecy about his daughter marrying a poor lad: "What! His princess, who'd just been born herself? He would never let her marry nobody special." Marcellino clarifies the identification of the king and the devil by depicting them with the same long noses. The Devil's grandmother has an identical nose, which just goes to show that it's not your position in life but what you do with it that counts.

Like the fortunate Marco, Babbitt and Marcellino have fun here. The visual humor works subtly, as when the grandmother sits beside a cozy fireplace in the halls of hell, or the gray donkey stands like a yak with sculpted horns, or the king disguises himself in a monk'shabit and struggles to smile instead of sneer at the baby boy he's trying to kidnap. Babbitt's verbal humor, too, is evinced more through rhythmic, often alliterative understatement than overt parries. "I'll take you," says the ferryman to the young lad who wishes to cross the river to hell, "but not till you tell me how I can stop this endless backing and forthing. It's boring me to death." Only the Devil knows how, but his grandmother finds out and tells Marco, who tells the ferryman: "To get rid of this job, just hand the pole to someone else." Good advice-perhaps the key to the kingdom. When you get old and bored with endless backing and forthing, just hand the pole to someone else. The results will depend


KMUP-1

KMUP-1 is a xanthine derivative with phosphodiesterase inhibitor activity.

References

Category:Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Category:Xanthines25 pounds of marijuana to the Bull Run Tavern in rural Clark County. The informant described the defendant and the vehicle he would be driving *789 but did not indicate where the marijuana would be located in the vehicle or how it would be packaged. The informant also admitted to criminal involvement with defendant within the preceding 72 hours. Defendant was known to local law enforcement officers as a narcotics dealer and was currently the subject of an investigation.
In response to this information Deputy Reese dispatched several deputies to the area and traveled to the tavern with the informant. Shortly after 5:30 p.m. defendant drove up in a vehicle matching the informant's description and was identified by the informant. One of the deputies stopped the vehicle and began


personal luggage after it is in the control of police.
We hold the deputies had probable cause to believe that the two suitcases contained contraband once they had conducted a limited search of the vehicle's interior which failed to disclose the contraband and then discovered the presence of the two suitcases in the trunk. When coupled with the information received from the informant that a large quantity of marijuana was located somewhere in the vehicle, the initial discovery of these two suitcases would lead a reasonable law enforcement officer to believe that they may well contain contraband. This in turn gave the deputies probable cause to seize the suitcases and to remove them from defendant's control. With the exigent circumstance of mobility removed, the officers were then required toBy the following year, she and her husband were regularly seen in photos as part of the young Kim’s official entourage, a sure sign of their membership of the inner circle. One picture showed the three riding down a supermarket escalator together, standing behind Kim Jong-il in what was one of his last public appearances before his death. “The Escalator of Evil”, as some Western pundits have jokingly put it, has now reportedly become a shrine for some North Koreans, who pay homage to the late leader there.


Brun, et al., ed. Schweizerisches Künstler-Lexikon. Schweizerischer Kunstverein. 4 vols. Frauenfeld: Huber, 1905–1917. Reprint Nendeln: Kraus, 1982.
 E. Bénézit, ed., rev. Jacques Busse. Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays par un groupe d'écrivains spécialistes français et étrangers. Rev. ed. 14 vols. Paris: Gründ, 1999.

Further reading

Category:Swiss painters
Category:Swiss families
Category:Artist families
Category:Year of birth missing
Category:Year of death missingTourism police bicycle patrols in the District

#viaggiadavvero

#viaggiadavvero

A new command of the bicycle mounted Tourism Police has been set up to increase the responsibilities and professionalism of human resources in the Palermo Norman Coast Tourism District. With this purpose in mind a special training course of 40 hours was started for eighteen members of the Municipal Police departments in the District.

After hearing a description of the project and its various phases, the officers will receive information on stress management and problem solving techniques and instruments. This is also a subject of the classroom lessons being held at the “Paolo Borsellino” IPSSAR (hotel and catering state school) of Palermo. The history and analysis of the District and its cultural heritage as an opportunity for economic development of Sicily will be


A priest has been banned from speaking at a Catholic conference in Australia because he is a supporter of equal marriage.

Father Frank Brennan, a well-known Australian Jesuit priest and writer, was invited to speak at theCatholicCare Tasmania conference in February.

However, the appearance was blocked by the Archbishop of Hobart, Julian Porteous, who took exception to Brennan’s support for equal marriage.

During Australia’s public vote on equal marriage in 2017, Brennan had urged Catholics to vote for equal marriage “for the common good” – in a break from the country’s Archbishops, who orchestrated an anti-gay marriage campaign and distributed ‘No’ leaflets in churches.

Archbishop Porteous, a strong opponent of LGBT equality, confirmed the decision to ban Brennan from speaking.

His spokesperson said: “Archbishop Porteous addressed the conference on the issue of marriage.seriously.

“The Archbishop’s action is deeply hypocritical and I call on him to apologise for silencing Fr Brennan.”

It is not the first time a pro-LGBT speaker is alleged to have been outlawed from Catholic events.

The Vatican cut ties with a Catholic International Women’s Day event this year because one of the speakers is a lesbian.

The annual Voices of Faith conference, which features Catholic women from across the world, is traditionally held at the Vatican on International Women’s Day.

However, this year’s event was spurned by Catholic officials, who took exception to the list of speakers – which included Ugandan lesbian Catholic Ssenfuka Joanita Warry, as well as academic Tina Beattie, who has challenged the Church’s anti-LGBT rhetoric.

Pope Francis declined to attend the meeting, and refused to hold a Mass for


'Rock in the Road' may the biggest case in point of this the show's yet had. It begins where the previous' post-credits scene left off - Father Gabriel (Seth Gilliam) on night watch at Alexandria as a hooded figure watches on. Only this isn't exactly where the episode picks up; we see the holy one looking anguished as he raids the group's pantry and armoury and, after tanking up the car with petrol, takes off into the night - but just as the screen smashes to credits, a second figure eerily appears in the passenger seat.

Despite its broadened scope, this episode felt much more like The Walking Dead of old, flitting from location to location, propelling the story onwards in unprecedented - if convoluted - manners. In manyways, it seemed like three differing episodes rolled into one which is the antithesis of the unfairly maligned Part A which spent each instalment languorously honing in on specific factions forcing different characters to the forefront.

Rick's attempts to sign up the surrounding clans to his war against Negan saw us return to the Hilltop Colony as Rick, Daryl, Maggie and co tried to convince the petulant Gregory (Xander Berkeley) to assist them. Having shown redemptive signs previously, he's back to his borderline unwatchable self, deflating the fist-pump morale ratcheted in the previous episode's powerful final scene. Thank heavens for Jesus, then, who decides it's high time for Rick to meet King Ezekiel (Khary Payton).

Seeing our characters in new environments we've only briefly glimpsed is always going to prove


exciting, and The Kingdom was no exception if only for providing characters who have been apart with the opportunity to catch up on events they don't yet know about. It would be easy for the script to pass over certain moments in favour of the matter at hand, so it's commendable that writer Angela Kang paid time and attention to Rick and Daryl's concern for Carol (Melissa McBride, briefly glimpsed in one scene here) once reunited with Morgan (Lennie James) and the latter's shock when he learns of what Negan did to Abraham and Glenn.

The most shocking Walking Dead moments Show all 10 1 /10 The most shocking Walking Dead moments The most shocking Walking Dead moments Sophie's a walker (season 2, episode 7) Much of season two'sopening half is spent looking for Sophia, the missing daughter of Carol (Melissa McBride). Turns out she was locked up in Hershel's barn as a zombie all along. The most shocking Walking Dead moments Shane reanimates without being bitten (season 2, episode 12) When Carl (Chandler Riggs) guns down a deranged Shane (Jon Bernthal) to protect his father, the shock arrives when he manifests into a walker despite not being bitten; turns out everyone's infected with the virus and will turn whichever way they die. The most shocking Walking Dead moments Axel's bullet to the eye (season 3, episode 10) A character introduced in the show's prison arc, Axel is a reformed prisoner who strikes up a friendship with Carol - until he's gunned down mid-sentence. The most


shocking Walking Dead moments Carl kills Lori after she gives birth (season 3, episode 4) Lori (Sarah Wayne Callies) goes into labour at the very moment a zombie siege breaks out at the prison. Unfortunately, she doesn't make it through the procedure with her son Carl being the one to put a bullet to her head. The most shocking Walking Dead moments The Governor slays Hershel (season 4, episode 8) The Governor makes his dramatic return for a showdown at the prison after he captures Michonne (Danai Gurira) and Hershel (Scott Wilson). Rick reaches out, attempting to reason with him - but The Governor starts a war when he proceeds to decapitate poor old Hershel instead. The most shocking Walking Dead moments "Look at the flowers" (season 4,episode 14) In a standout episode from the show's fourth season, Carol is forced to take drastic measures when young teenager Lizzie murders her sister Mika in the belief that she'll live on as a zombie. Realising Lizzie's depraved mind would endanger those around her, Carol puts a gun to the young girl's head and, telling her to "look at the flowers," pulls the trigger, fighting back the tears. The most shocking Walking Dead moments Carl's bullet to the eye (season 6, episode 9) Season six returned from its mid-season break in typically dramatic fashion when an iconic moment from the graphic novels came to life: Carl takes a bullet to the eye. The most shocking Walking Dead moments Beth is killed (season 5, episode 8) Upon being


kidnapped, Beth (Emily Kinney) is taken to Grady Memorial Hospital managed by Atlanta Law Enforcement. Forced to reside there against her will, the group - including Rick and Daryl (Norman Reedus) - eventually find her - only for her to be accidentally shot in the head by her captor. The worst thing? Her sister Maggie (Lauren Cohan) had just arrived outside. The most shocking Walking Dead moments Negan kills Abraham Season seven opened in brutal form as we discovered it was Abraham (Michael Cudlitz) at the opposite end of Negan's baseball bat. "Suck my nuts," the soldier growls as the Saviours' leader brings Lucille raining down on his head until nothing remains but a pulpy mess. The most shocking Walking Dead moments Negan kills Glenn Negan decides topunish the group once more after getting clocked round the face by Daryl. Without expectation, he thwacks Lucille round the head of poor Glenn. With his eyeball popping out of his head, he manages: "I'll find you, Maggie before Negan proceeds to finish the job ending the former pizza delivery boy's life.

The episode's peak arrived in a sequence where our group comes across Saviours-laced explosives across the road with an oncoming horde of walkers making its way towards them. Deciding that, if they have any chance of defeating their enemies, they need the dynamite for themselves, the group - led by Rosita (Christian Serratos) - begin defusing the sticks in a scene that should probably have seen somebody blow up Lost style (here's looking at you, Dr. Arzt)


for any sense of realism credibility.

The scene (forgivably) culminates in an uproarious moment where both Rick and Michonne drive two cars attached to a steel line directly through the horde, slicing them in half. It's a visual treat and one that you know director Greg Nicotero couldn't wait to get his hands on; brilliantly conceived and expertly captured, this set-piece will certainly go down in The Walking Dead history books.

The show's final scene sees Rick - with the majority of the group - return to the lake where he and Aaron (Ross Marquand) went on their last supply run (the one where they were spied on by the mysterious figure who most likely lured Gabriel away from Alexandria). Sure enough, they soon come across not one hooded figurebut an entire collection of them who surround our characters poking all kinds of weaponry in their face - guns, hatchets, knives.

The Walking Dead - Season 7 Episode 9 ending

It may be exciting to see our group collide with another altogether more mysterious one, but there's no denying The Walking Dead is in danger of becoming top-heavy. Had Greg Nicotero opted to swoop the camera up to Rick's concerned, devastated, 'holy-shit-what-now?' face before cutting to black, it may have seemed like rehashing previously trodden formula - however, Andrew Lincoln's witty delivery of the least unexpected emotion of all - a smile - is a witty move. He's become so obsessed with Negan's comeuppance that he's lost his fear. In that respect, Rick is not only back - he's


Country Furniture

What is meant by the terms "country made" or "provincial" is just that the furniture in question was constructed in one of the more rural areas as opposed to the large centers of manufacture. This does not imply poorer construction, for the furniture was just as well constructed; but rather more simplified forms than were being made in Philadelphia, Baltimore or Newport. The differences can be compared with French Provincial, which was the more simplified forms of Louis XV and Louis XVI.

Country furniture often includes such items as butterfly tables, gateleg tables, simple pembroke tables, etc.

In those days, as at present, there were some customers who preferred less elaborate ornamentation, less carving and no inlay, as well as the correspondingly lower prices. Some splendid examples of antiquefurniture fall in this category: furniture which is more in keeping with today's casual living than the more elaborate specimens with their wealth of detail and imported woods.

Simplicity of line was paramount. Fancy grained woods were often used to substitute for carving and inlay. The woods most used were pine, maple, cherry, curly maple, apple, pear and birch.

PRIMITIVES

Country furniture of the simplest kinds, made with hand tools, and of native woods (usually pine, maple and cherry) with plain hardware are generally called primitives.

These pieces are often quaint, some to the point of crudity.

ROCKING CHAIRS

The rocking chair is strictly an American innovation, our own Benjamin Franklin often being credited with the invention.

The first rocking chairs were made by adding rockers to regular chairs. This has been done often since,


Solar energy firm Mark Group axes 900 jobs Published duration 8 October 2015

image caption More than 700 staff are based at the firm's headquarters in Beaumont Leys

A solar energy firm has gone into administration with the loss of more than 900 jobs.

Staff at Leicester-based Mark Group Ltd, which was founded in 1974, were told the news on Wednesday afternoon.

Administrator Deloitte has made 939 redundancies, but a further 200 jobs are at risk unless a buyer can be found.

A statement said Mark Group had sustained heavy losses due to "structural changes in core markets".

The firm employs 1,165 people across the UK, with more than 700 based at its headquarters in Beaumont Leys.

More than 570 jobs have gone at the company's headquarters, with 154 retained while a buyer is sought.

InPITTSBURGH -- Ben Roethlisberger walked onto the field after the Steelers' defense blew another fourth-quarter lead with a 1-3 start hitting him in the face as hard as the rain at Heinz Field.

But the Steelers came back to beat the Eagles because of Roethlisberger. They've got a 2-2 record and newfound confidence because of Roethlisberger. They're not pushing the panic button heading into Thursday's game at Tennessee because of Roethlisberger.

In the Steelers' 16-14 win over the Eagles, he completed 4 of 5 passes for 50 yards and converted two third downs on the winning drive that ended with Shaun Suisham's game-ending field goal. Of his 25 game-winning drives in the fourth-quarter/overtime in the regular season, this won't rank near the top in terms of being memorable. As far


the replacement Steelers.

What became clear is that the Steelers are going to go as far as Roethlisberger takes them. The offense is making careless errors and penalties. The defense is showing cracks in the fourth quarter. Based on the injuries, that's not going to change anytime soon.

The one constant in an uneven season has been Roethlisberger. Off to one of the best starts of his nine-year career, he entered this game ranked in the top five in the NFL in completion percentage, touchdowns, passing yards and passer rating. These categories don't fully reflect Roethlisberger's value this season.

Roethlisberger had to pick up the team after last year's top-ranked defense failed to stop the Eagles on two fourth-down stands and on third-and-goal, which put the Steelers in a 14-13 holeis the common tie that binds them," Steelers coach Mike Tomlin said. "The reality is if they're in that discussion, it's because they deliver when it's time to deliver. No question, I don't care who you're talking to, [Roethlisberger] is in that discussion."

Roethlisberger, though, had something to prove before marching the Steelers 64 yards on 14 plays. In his words, he didn't want to go 0-for-3 in the fourth quarter.

In the season opener, he had an interception returned for a touchdown in the final two minutes when the Steelers trailed at Denver by six points. In the Steelers' previous game, Roethlisberger was shut out in the fourth quarter in Oakland as the Raiders scored the game's final 13 points.

It was different on Sunday against the Eagles, who have


purpose other than dividing and taking away votes from competitors. One almost painfully obvious example of a spoiler is relatively unknown politician Yuriy Timoshenko, who enlisted in early February for the presidential election.

An enraged Yulia Timoshenko accused her rival, President Petro Poroshenko of standing behind his candidacy. And understandably so, since the male Tymoshenko’s main purpose seems to be to appear as a second Y. Timoshenko on the ballot, thus confusing voters and draining votes from his rival Yulia.

Election fraud has of course also always been part of Ukrainian politics, be it through outright manipulation or by paying impoverished voters to sell their ballot. Accusations of systematic voter fraud set off the Orange Revolution, the mass protests in 2004 which prevented then- Premier Viktor Yanukovych from taking power.

However,Ted Cruz. Fox News/screenshot Texas Sen. Ted Cruz kept attacking his rival Donald Trump after they faced off onstage at CNN's Republican presidential debate on Thursday night.

In an extended interview on Fox News, Cruz went after the Republican frontrunner.

"I think that what became very clear is that Donald Trump is not the right candidate to go head-to-head with Hillary Clinton in November," Cruz said. "That on policy issue after policy issue, his position is identical to Hillary."

Cruz cast Trump's policies as in line with those of "liberal Democrats." Trump has previously called himself a Democrat before running for the Republican presidential nomination.

During the same Fox interview, Cruz then hit Trump with a flurry of additional attacks:

"Donald can't defend his own record. Whenever you point out what he's actually


said, he just screams, 'liar,' he insults you, he attacks you, he makes it personal. And he gets very rattled. He doesn't like anyone pointing to his actual, substantive record. And I think that's a sign of weakness."

"Whenever you mention his poll numbers, Donald loses it. And in particular, I pointed out that in the last 10 national polls, Donald loses to Hillary in eight of them. And in the last 10 national polls, I either tie or beat Hillary in eight of them. He gets very, very upset."

"It was stunning tonight, ... he ran away from his healthcare plan. For 20 years, Donald has advocated socialized medicine, the government in charge of everyone's healthcare. He said it in the past debates. Tonight he ran away from it,illegal immigrants to build Trump Tower. Just today in the news, it was reported that his hotel down in Florida brings in hundreds of foreign workers instead of hiring American workers."

When asked if his new strategy was going after the frontrunner, Cruz said he's been taken on Trump "for many weeks and months."

Florida Sen. Marco Rubio has also started piling on Trump.

At the debate Thursday night, Rubio and Cruz each went on the attack, hitting Trump on several issues including taxes, immigration, Trump's history as a reality-television host, and his business career. Trump fought back hard, and the real-estate mogul has repeatedly called Cruz a liar:

The repeated clashing came as both Cruz and Rubio are staring far up at Trump in the race for the Republican nomination. Trump


is the clear frontrunner in the primary contests, having won the New Hampshire and South Carolina primaries and Tuesday's Nevada caucuses. Rubio and Cruz are both fighting to take Trump down and establish himself as the clear alternative.

Watch Cruz's Fox News interview below:backup Neo places to go to like Mozzeria or even Del Popolo just in case, but there was no line and there was a parking spot a few meters away so it was a no brainer.

As soon as you walk in the door, you will see Anthony right in front with the stunning oven right at the center of the pizzeria. We were immediately seated since there were a few tables open. We ordered the Margherita and the Apolonia - Eggs, salame, parm, bufalo mozzarella, garlic, basil, evoo, black pepper (which was only available on Saturdays). According to their menu, they use Dickson Napa Ranch Olive oil and Dani Coop San Marzano. It seems like Anthony is also following the "local" craze among chefs which, IMO, is smart


was bordering on being too "bready" or doughy. The puff from the rim was too big in relation to the overall size of the pie, which I was not a fan of. I know some people prefer a large puffy rim.

SAUCE

The tomato flavor was really coming through but some seasoning to balance the acidity from the tomatoes would have made it really "pop" and make you come back for more after the 1st bite.

CHEESE

The buffalo mozzarella leaked too much water. It seemed like the cheese was not drained at all so the pie was a bit too watery for me.

OTHER TOPPINGS

The eggs and salame were nowhere to be found in the Apolonia pie. He put beaten eggs underneath the cheese and they turned into scrambled eggs. The salamehigh capsaicin. (A) Time constants of the components plotted against pH. While the short and medium openings were relatively invariant to pH changes, the long openings exhibited a monotonic increase, which was nearly three times at pH 5.5 as long as at pH 8.5. The closed time constants, except the long one, were also resistant to pH changes. The fluctuation in the long closed time constant was partly due to its rare occurrences at the tested capsaicin concentrations and partly due to the deliberate exclusion of long gaps from fitting. (B) Proportions of the open and closed components, which were determined from the relative areas in the dwell-time distributions. As pH was lowered, the long openings became favored at the expense of the short and medium ones. Similarly,


Hide captionEnvironment Minister Leona Aglukkaq responds to a question during question period in the House of Commons in Ottawa on Oct.7, 2014. Canada's contribution to a major United Nations climate change conference later this year will be heavily dependent on actions by provincial and territorial governments. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld

Father Sam Argenziano will be delivering a Lenten Mission entitled Living the Beatitudes in our Life at Holy Redeemer Parish, 264 Donwood Drive, on Tuesdays, February 24th, March 3rd & 10th, 7:30 to 9 pm. ...

Wearing the Hijab when she went to court, Rania El-Alloul poses for a photograph at her home in Montreal, Saturday, February 28, 2015. A crowdfunding campaign in support of El-Alloul, who was refused her day in court because she was wearing a hijab, hasraised more than $20,000 in its first day. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Graham Hughes

A medical team from Phi Phi Island Hospital place a body, one of two sisters from Quebec, on a stretcher at the Phi Phi Palm Residence Hotel on Phi Phi Island on Friday, June 15, 2012. A Quebec coroner says two sisters found dead in their hotel room in Thailand in 2012 were probably intoxicated by a pesticide. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Phuket Gazette, Kritsada Mueanhawong

Berkshire Hathaway Chairman and CEO Warren Buffett gestures during an interview with Liz Claman on the Fox Business Network in Omaha, Neb, May 5, 2014. Buffett says he would have approved the Keystone XL project, designed to move oilsands bitumen from Alberta to refineries on the Gulf Coast.THE CANADIAN PRESS/AP/Nati Harnik


In ancient times, an advanced civilization prospered in the
solar system. But one day, a black hole passed perilously close and
some people were absorbed into the black hole. Those people were
transported through time and space to an unknown dimension which
they called Artelius.

An evil king named Sarbelor took control and activated a fearful
machine called Galax. Consequently Artelius was confined into a
warped dimension. There was a peace loving scientist named Dr. Rad.
He created a super-human cyborg fighter to defeat the evil king
Sarbelor.Obituaries - Topics from October, 2011

Mrs. Kathryn Fant, 87, of Altha, FL, passed away Thursday night, October 27, 2011, at her home.
Kathryn was born on September 11, 1924, in Oklahoma and had lived in Calhoun County for most of her life. She was a homemaker and a member of Travelers Rest Freewill Baptist Church in Clarksville.
Kathryn was preceded in death by her husband, Clarence Fant.
Survivors include three sons, Eugene Fant and his wife, Frances of Altha, FL; Billy Fant of California; Al Fant and friend, Anita, of Blountstown; two daughters, Dale Shaw, of Blountstown; Judy Danley and her husband, David, of Blountstown; one brother, Alfred Kennedy, and his wife, Deloris, of California; two sisters, Mary Luker of California and Alice Smith and her husband, George, of New Mexico;


a special friend and caregiver, Sandra Beck; 19 grandchildren and numerous great-grandchildren and great-great-grandchildren.
Funeral services were held Sunday, October 30, at 2 pm (CDT) at Travelers Rest Freewill Baptist Church in Clarksville with Dr. Shawn Williams and Chaplain Ronnie Wright officiating. Interment followed in the Travelers Rest Cemetery in Clarksville.
All arrangements were under the direction of Marlon Peavy at Peavy Funeral Home in Blountstown (ph. 674-2266).

Besides her parents, she is survived by two brothers, Caige and Gunnar Craig, of Hosford; her grandparents, Ricky and Terry Lou Lewis, and Marleen Beck; great-grandparents, Jean Pullam, Myrtice and A. W. Beck, all of Hosford, and Litamay Lewis of Blountstown; aunts, Jennifer Beck of Hosford and Rosy Lewis of Altha; many cousins and other extended family.

She was preceded in death by hersister, Destinee Craig; her grandfather, Mike Craig; and great-grandfather, Julias Pullam.

Graveside services were held at 2 p.m., Sunday, October 23, in Wesleyan Chapel Cemetery in Hosford with Reverend Thomas Adams officiating.

Adams Funeral Home was in charge of the arrangements (phone 674-5449). On-line condolences may be made at adamsfh.com

Eunice M. Messer of Altha passed away Thursday, October 20, 2011, in Altha at the age of 79.

She was born July 30, 1932, in Altha to the late Elonzo B. and Claudie (Burke) Messer. She was a homemaker and was a member of Page Pond Assembly of God Church.

She was preceded in death by two brothers, J. B. Messer and Howell “Dick” Messer; and a sister, Helen Chason.

She is survived by a sister, Edna Earl Laramore, of Altha; a sister-in-law, Erlene


Messer, also of Altha; and several nieces, nephews, and other extended family.

Funeral services will be held 1:00 p.m., Saturday, October 22, in the chapel at Adams Funeral Home. Interment will follow in Page Pond Cemetery. The family will receive friends 6:00-8:00 p.m., Friday, October 21 at Adams Funeral Home.

Adams Funeral Home in Blountstown is in charge of the arrangements (phone 674-5449). On-line condolences may be made at adamsfh.com

Erma Kate Cobb of Hosford passed away Wednesday, October 19, 2011, in Blountstown at the age of 89.
She was born in Glennville, Georgia, February 6, 1922, to the late William and Mary Lena (Sapp) Sykes. She was a homemaker and was a member of Corinth Baptist Church in Hosford.
She was preceded in death by her husband, B. T. Cobb, and ason, Jerry Cobb.
She is survived by her grandsons, Phil Cobb and his wife, Angie, and Ben Cobb and his wife, Tonia, all of Hosford.
Graveside services will be held at 4 p.m. ET, Friday, October 21, in Hosford Cemetery with Dick Stanley and Harold Brown officiating. The family will receive friends from 2:00-4:00 p.m. ET, Friday, October 21, at Adams Funeral Home in Bristol .
Adams Funeral Home is in charge of the arrangements (phone 674-5449. On-line condolences may be made at adamsfh.com

Linda Duncan of Pinson, Alabama, passed away Monday, October 17, 2011, at the age of 68.
She was born in Quincy, Florida, September 21, 1943, to the late Forehand and Eunice Hazel (Bateman) Rankin. She was a graduate of Florida State University and taught school in Helena and Mobile,