expression.

Diction often centers on opening a great array of lexical possibilities with the connotation of words by maintaining first the denotation of words. A line in poetry that ends in a pause—indicated by a specific punctuation, such as a period or a semicolon. The continuing of a syntactic unit over the end of a line.

Enjambment occurs when the sense of the line overflows the meter and line break. A long poem that narrates the victories and adventures of a hero. It can be identified by lofty or elegant diction.

An interjected scene that takes the narrative forward in time from the current point of the story in literature, film, television, and other media. Prose written in a terse, haikai style, accompanied by haiku. Broad genre comprising the related formsthe total number of syllables—in each line.

Accentual-syllabic verse Verse whose meter is determined by the number and alternation of its stressed and unstressed syllables, organized into feet. From line to line, the number of stresses accents may vary, but the total number of syllables within each line is fixed. The majority of English poems from the Renaissance to the 19th century are written according to this metrical system. Acmeism An early 20th-century Russian school of poetry that rejected the vagueness and emotionality of Symbolism in favor of Imagist clarity and texture.

Acrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, name, or phrase when read vertically. Allegory An extended metaphor in which the characters, places, and objects in a narrative carry figurative meaning.

Alliteration


as apt to the bedside table as to the desk: Dr Baldick is a Brewer for specialized tastes” - Times Literary SupplementThe best-selling Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (formerly the Concise dictionary) provides clear, concise, and often witty definitions of the most troublesome literary terms from . Reading and Literature – A Glossary of Literary Terms 3 Character: One of the people (or animals) in a story. Climax: The high point in the action of a story. Conflict: A problem or struggle between two opposing forces in a story. There are four basic conflicts: • Person Against Person: A problem between characters.

Cookie Info

Literary Terms: A Dictionary. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, ISBN Peter Childs. The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms. Routledge, ISBN J. A. Cuddon. The Penguin Dictionary ofof a semiconductor called germanium together produced a device that acted like a electron tube diode.

The first commercially produced silicon transistor, developed by Texas Instruments in the early 1950s. Courtesy: Texas Instruments.

Ohl’s work was important, but an even bigger discovery was made in 1947 when John Bardeen and Walter Brattain stumbled on the “transistor,” a slice of germanium with a few carefully placed wires touching it, that was not only a valve but also an amplifier. This was the point-contact transistor. As an added bonus, the transistor produced a fraction of the waste heat and was tiny compared to an amplifier tube—the whole device could fit on the end of a finger. Not long afterwards William Shockley, also of Bell Labs, made the fragile transistor into a rugged


and practical device when he invented the “junction” transistor, a sandwich made up of layers of germanium. Bell Labs announced the point-contact transistor in 1948 and the junction transistor in 1951. The germanium transistor was a milestone, but it was unreliable and engineers sought out new materials with which to construct transistors.

They found an answer in silicon, another semiconductor that had been used in diodes. Silicon proved to be a better material for making transistors. It was this type of transistor, introduced by Texas Instruments in 1954, that revolutionized the technological world. Missiles became more accurate with onboard transistor guidance systems and computers became small enough to fit on board an aircraft. Perhaps the most famous transistorized product from this era was the pocketsize radio. By the endto compete today", said Federer, who also reached the quarter-finals in Madrid.

I will be more relaxed than a year ago, trying to enjoy more and hopefully, I can win some matches.

Tsitsipas beat Nadal in last week's Madrid Open semi-finals before falling to Novak Djokovic, but lost to the Spaniard in the Australian Open semis earlier this year. Osaka had just 200 points to defend during the clay swing and she's already tallied 400 points through her first two events.

She eased into the last eight in Rome with a 6-3, 6-3 win over Mihaela Buzarnescu. And she retired from her previous meeting with Bertens at last year's WTA Finals with a leg injury. I am not 100 per cent physically and after consultation with my team, it was determined


expectations, the loss of Kevin Durant sends the Warriors tumbling back into a place they'd outgrown. The Warriors finished the game without two of their starters, as Draymond Green fouled out with a minute to go.

Jets fire GM Maccagnan, name Gase interimMay 16, 2019 - 01:26
Philadelphia Eagles vice president of player personnel Joe Douglas could emerge as a candidate, Schefter suggested . Maccagnan compiled a 24-40 record during his tenure as Jets GM, with the team slumping to 4-12 last season.

Pompeo to visit Brussels as Europe meets on IranMay 15, 2019 - 02:19
Mogherini gave a chilly response to news of Pompeo's visit, which she said was only communicated to Brussels at the last minute. He rejected criticism of the deal by top US officials, saying it falls inline with United Nation resolutions on Iran.

Lawsuit blames Tiger Woods for drunken driver's deathMay 15, 2019 - 02:02
Immesberger later crashed his vehicle in Martin County on Southeast Federal Highway near Southeast Colonial Drive and died. Immesberger's blood-alcohol level was.256, three times the legal limit, at the time of his death.

Joe Flacco Says It's Not His Job To Mentor Drew LockMay 15, 2019 - 02:01
Nonetheless, Broncos general manager John Elway said last month he believes Flacco, at age 34, is "a guy coming into his prime". And that's how you can develop. "I'm trying to go out there and play good football", veteran quarterback says .

Lenovo announces world’s first foldable laptopMay 15, 2019 - 01:38
As such, it's testing the hinge to endure twice the amount of cycles that hinges


within Israel), and from coverage of the March and April 2002 Israeli re-invasions of the occupied West Bank.

The new chapters look at coverage of Israel’s 2008-09 winter assault on Gaza and the Israeli attack on the Gaza Freedom Flotilla a year ago (which was breaking news at the time the book was due to go to print).

Systematic preference for Israeli points of view

By fastidiously counting lines of transcript text, the authors identify a systematic preference for Israeli points of view. Israeli speakers were given twice as much space as Palestinians during the first few weeks of the intifada (215). Israeli casualties were disproportionately reported, accounting for approximately a third of the coverage, despite the actual ratio of 13 Palestinian deaths to one Israeli at that stage (223). AfterIn preparation for HyperCard's 25th birthday this August, Matthew Lasar over at Ars Technica has a great piece on the web browser precursor and the countless number of awesome projects it hosted. The program, created by former Apple engineer Bill Atkinson, was used to create publications like the Whole Earth Catalog and such games as the classic puzzle game Myst. Arguably HyperCard's biggest accomplishment (let's be fair, it's hard to compete with Myst) was the idea to link various types of content together, effectively inspiring others to create the internet we know and love today. In a 2002 interview, Atkinson expressed regret that he didn't think to implement HyperCard as a browser. "I grew up in a box-centric culture at Apple. If I'd grown up in a network-centric


The present invention relates to a sports pub structure, and more particularly, to a virtual reality sports pub system having a structure in which a structure of a screen having a viewing angle of a virtual reality image as if sports broadcasting is performed in a scene stadium and a hall structure are combined to frequently receive a serving such as drinks while enjoying the virtual reality image.are some policemen who did not act in time. “We have recommended strong action against all these responsible persons,” Dhende said.

In the past, Ekbote and Bhide have denied any role in the violence, which took place after an event called Elgar Parishad, or conclave, was organised in Pune on December 31 last year. Koregaon-Bhima occupies a central place in Dalit history it witnessed a major battle in which the Peshwa rulers were defeated on January 1, 1818, by the British army, comprising a large number of Dalit soldiers.

Every year, the anniversary of the battle is marked by thousands of Dalits assembling in Pune and marching to Koregaon-Bhima to a war memorial. Police say the speeches made at the conclave on December 31, a day before the 200th anniversary


mostly inherited from the Yorkshire Co-operative Society, to the Anglia Society. In 2005, the Co-operative Group also announced its decision to exit the department store sector and, in 2006, a further seven stores, this time located in the South East of England, were transferred to the Anglia Society. The Group subsequently merged with United in 2007. Thus, through acquisition, many Westgate branches were situated further afield than the core Eastern region.

The name was taken from the Society's late nineteenth century headquarters, home of the original Westgate House Department Store on Park Road, Peterborough.

In 2007, the Society—by now the largest in the non-food sector—formed the Anglia Buying Service, making its buying and logistics expertise available to other co-operatives. In 2008, it launched an electronic commerce venture, selling bedroom, livingtop, parallel to the ground. The forearm and your lower arm form the other two sides.

Figure 13. The Support Arm Triangle

Important: Once in position, never move your support elbow! You’ll find out why later.

Natural Point of Aim (NPOA)

Once a proper position is built, the shooter has the foundation to good shooting. However, the concept of Natural Point of Aim must be understood to make full use of a proper position.

Natural Point of Aim (NPOA) is a concept that must be understood if one intends to master Riflemyn-type shooting. First, a semi-fictional story to relate the known to the unknown.

Early cannons were simple contraptions. Imagine a barrel lain across a rope. The heavy cannon barrel would sag down and settle in the middle of the rope. It would rest


All our efforts and planning for weeks finally came to fruition yesterday when we celebrated Ganesh Chaturthi in Seoul National Universities auditorium. And we celebrated it with such great aplomb this time that everybody took great festive feelings back home.

This was our 4th year of Ganesh Chaturthi celebration in Korea. Satish ji initiated this at his residence few yrs ago by inviting few friends over and now the celebrations have moved to an auditorium which accommodates more than 300 people.

This year the festival was celebrated by Vedic Culture Centre in collaboration with Seoul National University students. The students at Seoul National University were the backbone for this festival who did everything from hall booking, stage and sitting arrangements, music arrangements, receiving the guests to even cleaning proactively.

Since wewere not able to get any hall on 11th September, we took liberty and celebrated the festival on 19th September 2010 as per convenience. And taking into consideration the very unusual location of SNU campus we managed to gather more than 300 guests for the celebrations.

The day started with Ganesh Pooja by Pandit Chaturvedi ji, the only pandit in Korea. This was followed by a speech by the Ambassador of Nepal. Later we had performances by Prashant ji, SNU students, Kamala Mataji along with members of Vedic culture center, kids and a super finale by Pushpanjali Mataji from Russia performing Bharatnatyam.

Prasadam was served at around 1 pm. After all the shows were over we performed the Sukhaharta-Dukhaharta aarti and then proceeded towards the river for Visarjan shouting Ganpati


standards.

So here are a few websites and email ids where you can post or forward your resume:

You need to first register your resume on the Gold Card system website here:

Jabollae Observatory on the banks of Han River (TtukSeom Resort) is one of the unique buildings in the shape of a Korean Jabollae bug. More than an observatory it is also a multiplex housing 3D theatre, Digital Art Museum, Animation Studios, Gift Shops, Restaurants and Cafes with the panoramic view of the Han River.

Jabollae Observatory is a good place to introduce your kids to the world of animation and digital art. They have continuous videos playing the behind-the-scenes of various animation techniques. Plus it also introduces the kids to the various technique like storyboarding, sketching, scenario etc.

They also haveI know that you're prepared, I saw pictures. "Like some real Love & Basketball?" Giving an incredulous smile that spoke volumes, Foxx promptly pulled off his microphone and walked off camera. "He ready to hoop". Reports that the pair were dating emerged in 2013, but the couple only went public in September past year. Since then, the pair has spent their most of time together at each other's ho... [Full Article...]

The league leaders got off to a fine start when Luis Suarez latched onto Lionel Messi's stunning through ball in the 16th minute to give the away side an early advantage. "We will be fighting for the title until the last", Atleti's president Cerezo is cited as saying by Diario AS. "After our draw the other day, tomorrow's


match (Saturday) is even more important". [Full Article...]

Ten years later he set up the MDC, which rose to pose the greatest challenge to Mugabe's all-powerful government. The agreement, which helped stabilized the economy, remained in place until 2013 when fresh elections were held and Mugabe regained outright control. [Full Article...]

Kingston also raised the issue of Warren's true political aspirations. The controversy first began after it was revealed the Harvard Law School listed Warren as a member of its minority group in the 90s, but the senator said she was not aware of it. [Full Article...]

Finally answering months of speculation, a new TV spot for Steven Spielberg's " Ready Player One " lays to rest the debate over whether or not the film will pay homage to Spielberg's ownSuper Eagles Manager, Gernot Rohr will not invite new players to the national team when final preparation for the World Cup begins, officials of the team have disclosed. [Full Article...]

But, like his character, the gimmick doesn't detract from the goodwill or the tears in my eyes. " God's Plan " was the lead single off Drake's January 19th two-track EP titled Scary Hours and officially marked his return from his brief vacation away from making music . [Full Article...]

There is now no information regarding Schwarzenegger's role in the film . Set in 1985 Miami, but shot in Umeå, Sweden, the movie follows detective Kung Fury as he partners with dinosaurs, fights Nazis and pretty much kicks ass for 31 minutes. [Full Article...]

Lucy Davis of The Office and Wonder


Woman fame has joined the cast of Netflix's as-yet-untitled Sabrina reboot in the role of Sabrina Spellman's Aunt Hilda, Deadline reports . Caroline Rhea portrayed the character in the 1996 ABC/WB series opposite Beth Broderick's Zelda and Melissa Joan Hart's titular character Sabrina . [Full Article...]

Mikaela Shiffrin is in fourth position after her opening run of the slalom and remains within striking distance to capture a second straight gold medal at the Pyeongchang Olympics. Though Shiffrin has said she's staying focused, projecting her potential medial haul has become a tantalizing exercise. "She had predicted that on the second run, "[I'll] just let it go down the hill more in the seco... [Full Article...]

In a separate Instagram post, Schumer said she did not want any gifts, but urged followersinstead to donate to Everytown for Gun Safety, a group that advocates for stricter gun laws. It was like, 'Hey, this is happening. "Everyone was having a good time". Schumer only made their relationship Instagram official on February 12 with a photo of the pair kissing. [Full Article...]

Her first name means "future" in Japanese and she reportedly speaks a mixture of Japanese and English at home with her parents. Four years ago, American figure skater Mirai Nagasu was heartbroken after being left off the United States team for the Sochi Olympics in favour of a woman who ranked lower than she had at a key qualifying event. [Full Article...]

Kylie Jenner and Travis Scott shut down break-up rumors by posing together for their first picture since the birth of


also celebrate what once defined entertainment for a generation. " Toy Story 3" was in theaters in 2010. In fact, this is the box that the Toy Story Mania! game came in. To the high-scorer go bragging rights. Guests can grab a snack at Woody's lunch box which looks like Andy's lunch box. [Full Article...]

A source told the website: "Jennifer has an ironclad prenup with Justin". May 2011: The couple shares a "casual dinner" at Los Angeles's Sunset Tower Hotel. How do you guys ever know? July 2014: Jennifer raves about her fiancé in a conversation with Women's Wear Daily . "I literally wake up every day and feel very lucky". [Full Article...]

Kim Kardashian suffered from pregnancy complications during her pregnancies with her first two children: North andsworn testimony before the Senate on June 13, Sessions denied that he recused himself because of what he said at his hearing. He testified that he recused himself from matters related to the 2016 campaign simply because he was an adviser to Trump in that campaign. Sessions also denied that the recusal bars him from doing most of his job—including his decision, on May 9, to give Trump a letter of recommendation to fire Comey, who was investigating whether the Trump campaign had colluded with Russia.

Trump’s remarks to the Times indicate that he either didn’t watch, read about, absorb, believe, or care what Sessions told Congress. The president seems baffled that a man who served in a campaign would recuse himself from supervising an investigation of that campaign.


Effects of undernutrition in neonatal rats on physical development and food and water regulation.
The effects of neonatal undernutrition in rats on food and water regulation, external indices of development, and long-term regulatory behavior were investigated. Undernutrition produced retardation in some external indices of development. The ability to eat, drink, and maintain body weight at weaning were not seriously affected by the undernutrition. Longer term deficiencies in feeding efficiency, osmotic regulation, prandial drinking, and activity were found for experimental subjects. The involvement of peripheral-systemic factors as well as neurological retardation in producing feeding and drinking deficits following undernutrition are discussed.Binding difference of fipronil with GABAARs in fruitfly and zebrafish: insights from homology modeling, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies.
Fipronil, which targets GABAA receptors (GABAARs), is the first phenylpyrazole insecticide widely used in crop protection and public hygiene. However, its high toxicity on fishes greatly limited its applications. In the present study, a series of computational methods including homology modeling, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies were integrated to explore the binding difference of fipronil with GABAARs from fruitfly and zebrafish systems. It was found that, in the zebrafish system, the H-bond between 6'Thr and fipronil exerted key effects on the recognition of fipronil, which was absent in the fruitfly system. On the other hand, in the fruitfly system, strong electrostatic interaction between 2'Ala and fipronil was favorable


methods reduced

the partnerships’ tax bases in the hotel properties to amounts that

were less than the amount of debts the partnerships had incurred to

construct those properties.

        Mr. Manchester formed IHCL to hold 35.354-percent limited

partnership interests in Landmark and Gateway. Under the Agreement

of Limited Partnership of IHCL, dated October 3, 1985 (the IHCL

Original Agreement), Mr. Manchester held a .001-percent interest in

IHCL.    THEI held a 99.999-percent interest, both as a general and

limited partner.

     In November 1985, Dondi Properties (Dondi), which was then

controlled    by    Vernon    Savings    and   Loan   Association   (Vernon),

invested in IHCL.       Dondi receivedContributors of black men's success in admission to and graduation from medical school.
To determine characteristics and individual experiences that contribute to black men's success in being admitted to and graduating from medical school. In 2010, one of the authors, a black man, interviewed 10 black male medical students enrolled at Florida State University College of Medicine and 3 black male physicians associated with that school, using consensual qualitative research methodology to analyze the data. The investigators recorded and transcribed the interviews, coded them to determine themes, and identified an overarching theoretical construct. The authors identified six broad contributors to successful admission to and completion of medical school: social support, education, exposure to the field of medicine, group identity, faith, and social responsibility. The six categories were subsequently grouped


the law to food service contracts that Morrison had made with tax exempt entities. In its brief on rehearing, Morrison gives some hint of the controversy that existed in that case between Morrison and the State regarding the proper *1229 interpretation of the withdrawal provisions. Counsel for Morrison accused the State Department of Revenue of using the withdrawal provisions of the law to collect what counsel referred to as the "largest tax possible" by seeking to collect sales tax under the withdrawal provisions of the law, even though the sales were made to tax-exempt entities. My examination of these microfilmed copies of the original briefs show the actual debate that was occurring between the Department of Revenue and the taxpayer in that case, Morrison. In its brief fileda city resident is especially galling given that everyone from Eugene DePasquale, to Governor Tom Wolf, to incoming Controller Rebecca Rhynhart, to Councilmembers Helen Gym and David Oh called on the state legislature to restore control of the Parking Authority to the City of Philadelphia after last week's scathing report. Tolson is at least a city resident and brings that perspective. It's unclear what the value-add would be from hiring a Bucks County resident who seems to have no personal or professional experience with urban transportation.

What's fascinating about the PPA Board's choice of Director is that Petri isn't some country club moderate Republican. He's been a prominent culture warrior against the federal transgender-inclusive bathroom bill as a state representative.

"Pennsylvania State Rep. Scott Petri (R-Bucks/Montgomery) Monday defended his decision


representation on the board. Some questioned if the true force behind the legislation was one or more of the current members looking to leave the city. The six board members serve staggered 10-year terms, meaning turnover is slow. Petri has said no board members asked him to introduce the bill. After Wolf's veto was announced, he said he stood behind the legislation but was willing to work with the governor's office on further reforms to the authority.

This seems extremely fishy. Petri was pushing to increase suburban representation on the board as a legislator, and then a short while later was appointed to the Director? Who wants Petri on the board, and why? What suburban businesses is he trying to help out in this position?

It's hard to imagine aLIMINAL SOUNDS VOL.39: SHARP VEINS

It has been really exciting to follow the evolution of US producer Sharp Veins‘ productions over the last year. In that time, the producer – who you may know as William Skeng – has refined a natural melodic talent and willingness to experiment with the more abstract peripheries of electronic music into a slew of fiercely original tracks that sound like little else out there. Having only just dropped his first official release a matter of days ago via new Nottingham imprint Special Stage Audio, he is already starting to garner a significant amount of well-deserved attention.

In the last six months, his tracks have been appearing in the sets of many of the burgeoning instrumental grime scene’s key players with increasing regularity. ‘Visit Me’


in particular received heavy rotation, and was one of the highlights of the first Boxed compilation. However, while a number of his tracks have been picked up by the grime community, it would be a disservice to try and pin him to any one sound. Although grime is certainly a key touchstone in his productions, his music is informed by a far-reaching and esoteric pool of influences. This is reflected in the breadth of his growing catalogue, which veers from lush ambient experiments to glitchy electronics, all the while maintaining a clear voice.

You can read our interview with him below and check out the accompany mix at the bottom of the feature, which delves in to the strange and compelling world that his music inhabits.

First up, for thoseThe Last Ship ~ William Brinkley

"An extraordinary novel of men at war" ("The Washington Post") and the bestselling book that inspired the TNT mini-series The unimaginable has happened. The world has been plunged into all-out nuclear war. Sailing near the Arctic Circle, the U.S.S. Nathan James is relatively unscathed, but the future is grim and Captain Thomas is facing mutiny from the tattered remnants of his crew. With civilization in ruins, he urges those that remain--one-hundred-and-fifty-two men and twenty-six women--to pull together in search of land. Once they reach safety, however, the men and women on board realize that they are earth's last remaining survivors--and they've all been exposed to radiation. When none of the women seems able to conceive, fear sets in. Will this be the end


of humankind? For readers of "Going Home" by A. American, "Lights Out" by David Crawford, "The End "and "The Long Road" by G. Michael Hopf, and "One Second After" by William Forstchen.where released files are shared…

Wapping strike – story

SPECIAL BRANCH KEPT CLOSE WATCH OF THE INDUSTRIAL DISPUTE

Nicola Cutcher, 12 January 2016

The Wapping dispute of 1986-87 was a fight to save jobs. Before the dispute, Fleet Street newspapers were typeset with hot metal and the print unions were powerful. Rupert Murdoch secretly built a system to print and distribute all of his newspapers from a new high-tech plant at Wapping. When negotiations between Murdoch and the print unions over employment conditions for the new plant broke down, nearly 6,000 workers went on strike. Murdoch immediately dismissed them. The sacked workforce arranged demonstrations and pickets to disrupt Murdoch’s business and fight for their jobs and workers rights. The industrial dispute raged for over a year.

There was a visibly huge police presence


of police spy. Lambert may have been one of a number of undercover officers spying on trade unionists and demonstrators at Wapping.

The dispute was subject to national surveillance. Notes of telephone messages from Swindon, South Wales and Kent Special Branches provide details of local coaches headed to the Wapping demonstrations.

Special Branch Registry

A Special Branch report on the 2nd May 1986 describes a May Day march and rally in solidarity with the print workers. The report lists the rally’s speakers, including union leaders and MP John Prescott, and summarises what each said. Appendix B to the report checks the names of the speakers against a column marked ‘SB(R)’ which refers to the Special Branch Registry where individual files were kept. The union leaders – Jim Knapp of the National1986 but held no records on the tenant.

This intelligence came from the Criminal Investigation Department at Leman Street. They ‘were approached by officers who, whilst off duty, were imbibing in (redacted) public house in Cable Street, E1 and overheard two Socialist Worker vendors. Apparently they mentioned (redacted) name and address as the venue for SWP members to meet, prior to joining the demonstration in the highway’. This tip-off led to at least three memos within Special Branch as the Chief Superintendent requested verification of the CID’s intelligence. Their investigations recorded the name of the woman who owned the flat, her date of birth, her employment history and the fact she was ‘currently unemployed’.

In a separate case, in April 1986 a uniformed officer who was on duty at Wapping


A stressed junior doctor at North Devon District Hospital took her own life after telling friends she felt 'bullied' and unsupported by the NHS trust.

Dr Mariam Khan, 34, struggled to make friends at the hospital in Barnstaple and complained of 'nasty' remarks by a colleague, an inquest heard.

Within months of moving to Devon to take up a post in acute medicine she went from being happy and sociable to withdrawn and depressed and had to be signed off sick.

She was found dead by concerned friends who visited her home in Barnstaple. The coroner in Exeter recorded a verdict of suicide.

The inquest was told that Dr Khan had come to the UK from her native Pakistan in August 2013. She had worked at hospitals in Kent, Oxford, Peterborough andYeovil before getting a job in Barnstaple in August 2016.

Read More

Top court stories

Her aunt Dr Rukhsana Dost Mohammad said in a statement that her niece told her 'staff were not very friendly and supportive' and that 'whenever she asked for help she wasn't given any and was losing confidence'.

"She said one of the consultants was nasty to her and it was very stressful."

Her friend Dr Rizwana Zahid said the pair had worked together in Yeovil where she had been 'really happy' and sociable with lots of friends.

But when she saw her in October 2016 Dr Khan 'seemed very different'.

"She was quiet and withdrawn when usually she was bubbly, said Dr Zahid."

She would make excuses not to attend social events and confided 'things were difficult at the hospital'.

"I spoke


with her and she said she was very stressed with work," said Dr Zahid.

North Devon District Hospital (Image: Paula Davies)

"She found colleagues very uncooperative and she was scared she'd make a mistake."

Dr Zahid told her friend to speak to the hospital's human resources department and her GP. Dr Khan was signed off sick for two months shortly before she died. But she felt her doctor and the hospital were 'teaming up on her'.

Her anxiety got so severe that she worried she would 'bring harm wherever she went' and the police would arrest her and take her UK visa away if she took a break in Pakistan.

On February 17, 2017, Dr Zahid and her husband Dr Salik Kahar travelled to Barnstaple to see their friend. They had become increasinglyworried about her mental state. Even her voice had changed to the point they could barely recognise it on an answer phone message.

They found Dr Khan at her home in Westaway Heights. She had hanged herself.

Dr Zahid said she was 'shocked' by Dr Khan's suicide.

"She said she was struggling with work and complained she was being bullied. I never thought she would take her own life."

Joanne Holmes, assistant director of human resources at the hospital also provided a statement to the inquest.

She said the trust was aware in January that Dr Khan was seeing her GP, she also saw an occupational health physician. She was signed off work with stress and the hospital continued to liaise with her doctor about when she would be fit to return to


work.

Read More

Barnstaple news

Ms Holmes said that there was 'no indication' that she was struggling unduly with her mental health during further contact the trust had with Dr Khan to discuss sick pay and support her to go home to visit her family.

Dr Khan told her GP she had suffered with depression before but was not thinking about taking her own life. She was prescribed anti-depressants and had talked about returning to Pakistan to recuperate while she was off sick.

Police investigated the death but found nothing suspicious.

Philip Spinney, HM senior coroner for Exeter and Greater Devon, said he was satisfied from the evidence that 'things were very difficult' for Dr Khan at the hospital.

"She was stressed at work and scared of making a mistake," he added.

"It is clear fromthe evidence that Dr Khan was very unhappy. She felt she was not getting the guidance and support, felt under pressure because of the stress.

"We've seen evidence she was provided with support and discussions around her returning to work."

He said Dr Khan felt lonely but worried about the effect of her going back to Pakistan would have on her work in the UK.

"I'm satisfied Dr Khan took her own life and intended to do so," said the coroner.

Read More

Following the inquest, Darryn Allcorn, director of nursing, quality and workforce at Northern Devon Healthcare NHS Trust, said: "Mariam was a dedicated doctor who always put her patients first. She was highly respected and valued by her friends and colleagues, and was an asset to the ward she worked on.

“Mariam's


Black Celebration Tour

Black Celebration Tour was a 1986 concert tour by English electronic group Depeche Mode in support of the act's fifth studio album, Black Celebration, which was released in March 1986.

The tour began with a European leg, starting in Oxford, England in late March and finishing in Rüsselsheim, West Germany in late May. A North American jaunt followed in early June, commencing in Boston and culminating mid-July in Irvine, California. Shortly after the North American leg, the group headed to Japan to play three dates.

In early August, the group began a second run of European shows, starting in Fréjus, France. The group performed four additional dates in France, as well as two shows in Italy, before wrapping up the tour in Copenhagen.

Book of Love joined the tourCategory: Gin

Gin

Gin is a spirit which derives its predominant flavour from juniper berries (Juniperus communis). From its earliest origins in the Middle Ages, gin has evolved over the course of a millennium from a herbal medicine to an object of commerce in the spirits industry. Gin was developed on the basis of the older Jenever, and became popular in Great Britain when William of Orange, leader of the Dutch Republic, occupied the English and Scottish thrones with his wife Mary. Gin is one of the broadest categories of spirits, represented by products of various origins, styles, and flavour profiles that all revolve around juniper as a common ingredient.


Whenever you go into the Game as you live your life you acquire credits, which once you turn 18 can be turned into cash. The only thing you can buy with credits until you are 18 are more plays in the Game, power-ups, and other such things in which to help you in life.

Zach is one of the lucky players, he started as an orphan, a nobody, when all of the sudden he rockets to the fast track on a Game play that puts him in one of the top positions. Due to this he is picked up by a patron, and not just any patron, he is picked up by Brandon Strayne, the maker of the Game.

Zach, however, is 17 and is turning 18 in a fewgame they ended up losing by just one.

To go to a hyperbolic extent, this meant they lost the game, they then had to play a further game in the series against Atlanta, they were then more tired than the Brewers in what became a seven-game series, they were then more tired than the Red Sox, and they therefore lost the World Series. Certainly a stretch, but it’s not hard to see the effect in the game considering the Braves managed just three runs in the other 35 innings of their four-game series.

Not every mistake made by an umpire has an easily identifiable ramification like that, but they do happen in most game, and it is no surprise that MLB and the WUA (World Umpire Association) want to have


Jidosha Shimbun on May 22, 2014)

-In 2014, the Company mapped out its second mid-term business plan that covers the period between April 2014 and March 2017. The Company aims to increase its annual sales to JPY 395,000 million and raise its operating income to JPY 8,000 million by the final year of the plan through the following initiatives:

Objectives

Detail

1. Enhancing safety and quality features while stably supplying products to customers

The Company is developing thin-walled ultra high-strength materials by adopting hot-stamping methods and using cold-rolled high-tensile steel plates (tensile strength of 120K). These technologies are expected to help improve collision-safety performances while reducing vehicle weight-The Company will enter the automotive hot stamped parts market in the fiscal year ending March 2016. Hot stamping is a press-molding method using heated steelprocurement in USA, China, and Europe. The Company hopes to reduce the supply of components that are made in Japan by 70 percent by fiscal year 2017. The export value of components to the three regions amounted to more than JPY 11.1 billion in fiscal year 2012. The Company aims to localize production by developing and nurturing local suppliers, as well as starting in-house production in each region. Although the value of the yen has dropped to 104 against the dollar, the Company wants to establish a stable profit structure that will not be affected by exchange rate fluctuations in the long-term. Futaba will focus primarily on strengthening its competitiveness in the North American market. (From an article in the Nikkan Jidosha Shimbun on December 26, 2013)

4. Refining


an interior slightly larger than the outer periphery of the head of the fastener. The release paper is removed to expose the adhesive sealant material and the flat disk is generally centered and placed, adhesive side down, onto the fastener head. The tool is then centered above the disk and fastener head and pressed downwardly with a twisting motion to deform the flat disk to encompass and conform substantially to the shape of the head of the fastener and cover a surface radially surrounding the fastener head such that the deformed disk is adhered to the fastener head and to the radially surrounding surface to provide an air-tight and liquid-tight seal between the fastener head and the radially surrounding surface and to prevent relative movement therebetween. It willCommonwealth Games 2014: Welsh triathlete Helen Jenkins retires early from final race ahead of Glasgow

Jenkins pulled out during the run in Hamburg with a foot niggle and later tweeted: “Sorry to pull out today in Hamburg. Had a niggle in my foot and planned to pull out if I felt it get a bit worse. Not too bad but had to be sensible”

The decision by Welsh triathlete Helen Jenkins to pull out during the World Series event in Hamburg has been described as precautionary by British chiefs ahead of the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow later this month.

Jenkins pulled out during the run with a foot niggle and later tweeted: “Sorry to pull out today in Hamburg. Had a niggle in my foot and planned to pull out if


to him. Peter announces that he wants to put together a one year anniversary party for her, (in his toast at the party next week, Peter thanks their friend and family and Malorie, hilarious and an ouch). Cynthia isn’t enthused, but understands as the drama with the wedding still irks Peter. Cynthia and Peter talk about Nene’s son being arrested.

Kandi tells her mother about the trip and what was said. Kandi and her mother both state they don’t believe that Kim is racist.

Sheree: Kim would never hold a Black baby

Kandi never said that. In all truth it was Sheree who said it and drew that conclusion from what was said. Kim mentions this to Kendra, who is helping Kim decorate her home. Kendra is the owner of thewere both out of place on the trip, they were in designed duds, sequins and all types of wrong, as I believe Kim would be dressed the same as her nemesis too, but because the only white cast member was not on the trip and a black cast member stated she couldn’t see her on the trip, then it’s a problem. Did you see Sheree’s face during Kim and Kandi’s exchange, she was enjoying it way too much, as if to say, see I was right, me and Kim are now tight again. Sheree is a stirrer, instigator and too old to be acting the fool.

Peter meets with Tony, their wedding planner. Why does Peter do this, he has no money. Tony asks about the budget, he wants


New 110-ton truck crane from Terex

By D.Ann Shiffler2017-03-07T21:13:00+00:00

Terex said the new T 110 offers the longest boom length in its class and has a maximum tip height of 247.6 feet with jib.

With the unveiling of the new Terex T 110 telescopic truck crane, Terex plans to be a solid competitor in the 110-ton capacity taxi crane arena in North America. With highway speeds up to 65 mph and a main boom reach of 197 feet, the new model shown at ConExpo is designed for easy transport as well as fast positioning and rigging. Terex said the new T 110 offers the longest boom length in its class and has an available maximum tip height of 247.6 feet with jib.

The Terex T 110 telescopic truck crane features a 505joysticks instead of hydraulic joysticks. The onboard Terex IC-1 control system with intuitive touchscreen control gives the operator access to lift information and load charts. Also, the operator can effortlessly add and remove the unit’s 40,000 pounds up to 46,000 pounds in its heavy configuration, counterweight from behind the controls in the cab.

The crane leverages the Terex Cranes boom design, developed in Germany, and will be built at the Terex manufacturing facility in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, according to the company.

With the unveiling of the new Terex T 110 telescopic truck crane, Terex plans to be a solid competitor in the 110-ton capacity taxi crane arena in North America. With highway speeds up to 65 mph and a main boom reach of 197 feet, the new model shown at


notices violated the homeowner’s
bankruptcy stay.

                    BACKGROUND

    Kathy Horton owned real property located at 2517
Danborough Court, Unit 106, Las Vegas, Nevada. In 2006,
Horton refinanced the property with a $120,100.00 loan
secured by a deed of trust. The deed of trust was reassigned
to Bank of America Home Loans (later Bank of America,
N.A.; hereinafter BANA) and recorded in December 2009.
BANA later reassigned the deed to Citi.

    Horton fell behind in the assessments she owed to Corte
Madera. She filed a chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding on
February 29, 2012. On July 2, 2013, Nevada Association
Services, Inc. (NAS) recorded a notice of delinquent
assessment lien on behalf of Corte Madera showing that
HortonRick Atkins has written the second in what promises to be trilogy on the American War on the European Front. Thousand of books have been written on World War II and the question that must be asked is what does this book add. The answer is a great deal. The Day of Battle brings new insights into a theater of the war that has mostly become a footnote in the history of the war, to all but those who lived through it. While the insights and some of the information is new including more information on the killing of German prisoners during the battle, it’s not the new insights that make this book worth reading. Rather it is the clarity of the writing and the ability of Atkins


to simultaneously bring into focus the war both from the strategic perspectives of the generals and government leaders as well as from the view of the soldiers in the foxholes.

I have been reading the book at the same time that I have been watching The War by Ken Burns. Atkins succeeds were Burns has failed. Reading Day of the Battle allows provided the reader with an understanding of why the battles were fought while at the same time watching as the actual battle have unfolded. Of course Atkinson is only trying to bring alive one small theater of operation while Burns has attempted to explain the whole war, but Atkinson’s achievement is still notable.

The Day of the Battle begins with a depiction of the Trident Conference where Akinsbrings to life the personalities of both Roosevelt and Churchill as well as some of the lesser participants as well. Before long we are on the beaches of Sicily with the soldiers as the storm ashore. The book covers both the short battle to capture Sicily as well as the longer and more difficult battle to capture Italy. I recommend this book to all who want to learn more about World War II and the US army.


the top.

When O'Neal, then with the Orlando Magic, was in Los Angeles to film the action-comedy "Kazaam," the notoriously bad free-throw shooter had one request for his $20,000-a-month rental in Beverly Hills: an area for shooting baskets. After signing with the Lakers the following year, in 1996, he converted the tennis court at a Beverly Hills home he bought into a basketball court. It featured a blue hue and a "Superman" symbol.

Olympic gold medal diver Greg Louganis' Malibu property had a pool, of course, but it certainly wasn't garden variety. The home, which he sold this year, featured a custom swimming pool and spa with a diving platform personalized for the diving champion. The Olympic rings insignia, set off by blue tiling, added a distinctive finish to thebottom of the pool.

Some athletes resort to unconventional means to keep their sport close to home.

Built along a hillside in Hollywood Hills West, Barry Zito's contemporary residence doesn't offer much in the way of flat land. However, the Cy Young Award winner managed to outfit a small strip on the tiered grounds with a practice mound complete with pitching rubber and home plate, set off by views of the Los Angeles skyline.

Other athletes opt to stay away from their sports — at least at home.

During an expansion of his Hawaii home in 1989, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar added a tennis court — said to be a retirement gift from the Lakers' brass — to his compound. Seven years later, while renovating his Beverly Crest residence, the legendary Laker again passed


Reliability and accuracy of reporting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 15 laboratories throughout Italy: phase 1 of a national programme of external quality control in cervical screening. The National Working Group for External Quality Control in Cervical Screening.
This paper reports results of a first phase of a pilot study to assess and improve quality of diagnoses in cervical cytological laboratories located throughout Italy. It represents the first phase of an External Quality Assurance programme (EQA). In the first phase, two sets of cervical smears representing a range of diagnoses were circulated among participating laboratories. Responses were recorded on a standardized form. Participants were asked to assess the adequacy of the smear and formulate a diagnosis. They were also asked to recommend management of the patient on the basisof the smear report and judge the degree of diagnostic difficulty of each slide. Crude index of agreement, unweighted and weighted kappas, diagnostic specific kappas, sensitivity and specificity as well as clinical indices of variability were calculated. In the second phase, two additional sets of slides were circulated after discussion of the first phase. There was striking variability between laboratories, both in terms of diagnoses offered and recommendations for management on individual slides. Assessment of the degree of difficulty of each slide was also very variable. Discrimination between CINII and CINIII was poor, confirming the choice of merging these two categories in the Bethesda classification. However, discrimination between CINI and CINII was also unsatisfactory. The results were discussed in workshops and it was possible to reach a consensus


and the $60,000 payment it made to the city in the first phase of acquiring the 1.18 acre site located between River Street and the Hudson River.

The project collapsed when local developer Sam Judge of Judge Development Corp. sued the city and Bow Tie saying that the city had failed to deal with parkland issues. The site is located at Riverfront Park’s southern end and includes designated parkland. The city needs the state Legislature’s permission to sell parkland.

Bow Tie terminated the project on Sept. 26. This was the fourth unsuccessful attempt to develop the site. The city pulled out of City Hall during former Mayor Harry Tutunjian’s administration to open up the location for development.

The movie theater company said that the city “either knew or should have known                  -2-
       defendant law firm, sued plaintiffs on the promissory note that secured First American’s
       second mortgage. On December 21, 2010, First American obtained a default judgment
       against plaintiffs in the amount of $80,986.93 and recorded a memorandum of the judgment
       in Kane County on December 28 (the Wells Fargo and First American lawsuits were all filed
       in the circuit court of Kane County as the property was located in Kane County). Under the
       judgment


September 3, 2010 (date of entry of default judgment
       against First American in Wells Fargo’s foreclosure suit), until at least March 10, 2011, First
       American did not possess an enforceable mortgage lien; and (ii) from December 29, 2010
       (day after First American recorded its default judgment against plaintiffs in First American’s
       suit to enforce the promissory note) until at least March 10, 2011, First American’s only
       enforceable lien was its judgment lien. Consequently, plaintiffs contend, res judicata
       precludes First American from asserting its mortgage lien in exchange for consenting to the
 Staff

Our Director

Karen Sims Langdon, Founder and Executive Director, received a BS from Emory University, majoring in Biology and Psychology. While attending the University of Arizona, she earned an M.Ed. in Counseling, specializing in parent education and therapy. Her work experience includes employment at several hospitals helping patients cope with chronic diseases and doing family therapy.

Karen completed four years more of graduate work in Clinical Psychology at the University of South Carolina. A clinical internship at Austin State Hospital and Brackenridge Hospital Emergency Room followed. In 1998, she studied assessment and counseling of gifted children and their families at Linda Silverman’s Gifted Development Center in Denver. Karen cofounded Summer Wonders in 1999 with Tracy Vickery, and served as its Executive Director until 2016. Over the years, Summer Wonders won


“Best Summer Camp” in The Austin Chronicle’s “Best of Austin” Readers’ Poll five times. In addition, Summer Wonders also was honored to be named “Best Educational Summer Camp” in the “Best of Austin” Readers’ Poll of Austin Family Magazine (2015 & 2016).

In 2005, she cofounded ACE Academy with Donna Hulsey, Austin’s only private independent school for gifted students, where she served as Director of Admissions for eleven years. During this time, she administered intellectual assessments to hundreds of gifted children. She has also conducted many seminars and served as a speaker at local and national conferences on the subject of gifted children and innovative education.

Karen’s other past activities have included serving as a Math Pentathlon instructor, teacher of emotional intelligence and participating in Odyssey of the Mind. Shewas a founding member of the American Creativity Association and served as its first Education Chairman. For the last thirty years, she has been associated with an international medical association, providing crisis counseling, assisting with developing a suicide prevention program, serving as a board member, and speaking at their international conferences on coping with chronic illness.

Of everything she has done, however, Karen’s first passion is working with gifted children. She has developed and run educational programs for this population for almost twenty years. Inquiring Minds is her latest endeavor incorporating the best practices for gifted and most innovative classes.

Our Teachers

Inquiring Minds teachers come from all over Austin. Some teach at public schools, some from private, and some specialize in an area or are professionals in a specific field.


Floating pulmonary embolus: unusual cause of recurrent syncope.
A 69-year old woman was admitted because of recurrent syncopal episodes. In hospital, she had repeated attacks of near fainting or syncope when she was turned into the left decubitus position. Continuous arterial pressure monitoring revealed that severe hypotension initiated these events. Secondarily, the heart rate dropped markedly. The symptoms quickly reversed when the patient was turned back into the supine or right decubitus position. Angiography revealed a large, riding and partly floating pulmonary embolus that obstructed the pulmonary circulation to a variable degree, apparently influenced by the patient's body position. During subsequent emergency surgery the angiographic findings were confirmed. It appears that the severe hypotensive episodes were caused by intermittent high degree obstruction of the pulmonary circulation by the floatingPuabi

Reconstructed Sumerian headgear necklaces found in the tomb of Puabi, housed at the British Museum

Puabi (Akkadian: "Word of my father"), also called Shubad due to a misinterpretation by Sir Charles Leonard Woolley, was an important person in the Sumerian city of Ur, during the First Dynasty of Ur (c. 2600 BC). Commonly labeled as a "queen", her status is somewhat in dispute. Several cylinder seals in her tomb identify her by the title "nin" or "eresh", a Sumerian word which can denote a queen or a priestess. The fact that Puabi, herself a Semitic Akkadian, was an important figure among Sumerians, indicates a high degree of cultural exchange and influence between the ancient Sumerians and their Semitic neighbors.

Contents

BritisharchaeologistLeonard Woolley[1] discovered the tomb of Puabi, which was excavated by


and golden rings and bracelets.

Headgear of queen Puabi

She was also buried with 52 attendants: servants, guards, horse, lions, a chariot, and several other bodies — retainers who had been suspected by excavator Leonard Woolley to have poisoned themselves (or had been poisoned by others) to serve their mistress in the next world. Recent evidence derived from CAT scans through the University of Pennsylvania Museum suggests that some of the sacrifices were likely violent and caused by blunt force trauma. A pointed, weighted tool could explain the shatter patterns on the skulls that resulted in death, while a small hammer-like tool has also been found retrieved and catalogued by Woolley during his original excavation. The size and weight fit the damage sustained by the two bodies examined by Aubreyand visualize the skulls as they would have been post-mortem prior to the damage caused by millennia of decay. Although there is still some debate on the precise causes and mechanisms of death, as well as the social implications of such practices, post-mortem dressing and arrangement of the corpses has been noted by several scholars. The bodies had been contorted into unnatural positions to imitate lying on each other's laps peacefully, sometimes oriented to hide parts of the skulls that could show damage or trauma.[3] In addition, helmets and intricate headdresses had been placed on the heads, suggesting that the victims may have been killed outside the tombs, dressed, laid out, and after intricate ceremonies for Puabi, finally buried.

1.
Akkadian language
–
Akkadian is an extinct East Semitic language that was


spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the writing system, which was originally used to write the unrelated Ancient Sumerian. The language was named after the city of Akkad, a centre of Mesopotamian civilization during the Akkadian Empire. The mutual influence between Sumerian and Akkadian had led scholars to describe the languages as a sprachbund, Akkadian proper names were first attested in Sumerian texts from around the mid 3rd-millennium BC. From the second half of the third millennium BC, texts written in Akkadian begin to appear. By the second millennium BC, two variant forms of the language were in use in Assyria and Babylonia, known as Assyrian and Babylonian respectively, for centuries, Akkadian was the native language in Mesopotamian nations such as Assyria andBabylonia. However, it began to decline during the Neo-Assyrian Empire around the 8th century BC, by the Hellenistic period, the language was largely confined to scholars and priests working in temples in Assyria and Babylonia. The last known Akkadian cuneiform document dates from the 1st century AD, Akkadian belongs with the other Semitic languages in the Near Eastern branch of the Afroasiatic languages, a family native to East Africa, which then spread to West, Northwest and Northeast Africa. Within the Near Eastern Semitic languages, Akkadian forms an East Semitic subgroup and this novel word order is due to the influence of the Sumerian substratum, which has an SOV order. Additionally Akkadian is the only Semitic language to use the prepositions ina and ana, other Semitic languages like Arabic


used as a determinative for divine names. Another peculiarity of Akkadian cuneiform is that many signs do not have a phonetic value. Certain signs, such as AḪ, do not distinguish between the different vowel qualities, nor is there any coordination in the other direction, the syllable -ša-, for example, is rendered by the sign ŠA, but also by the sign NĪĜ. Both of these are used for the same syllable in the same text

2.
Sumer
–
Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates, Sumerian farmers were able to grow an abundance of grain and other crops, the surplus of which enabled them to settle in one place. Proto-writing in the dates back to c.3000 BC. The earliest texts come from the cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr and dateback to 3300 BC, modern historians have suggested that Sumer was first permanently settled between c.5500 and 4000 BC by a West Asian people who spoke the Sumerian language, an agglutinative language isolate. These conjectured, prehistoric people are now called proto-Euphrateans or Ubaidians, some scholars contest the idea of a Proto-Euphratean language or one substrate language. Reliable historical records begin much later, there are none in Sumer of any kind that have dated before Enmebaragesi. Juris Zarins believes the Sumerians lived along the coast of Eastern Arabia, todays Persian Gulf region, Sumerian civilization took form in the Uruk period, continuing into the Jemdet Nasr and Early Dynastic periods. During the 3rd millennium BC, a cultural symbiosis developed between the Sumerians, who spoke a language isolate, and Akkadian-speakers, which


included widespread bilingualism. The influence of Sumerian on Akkadian is evident in all areas, from lexical borrowing on a scale, to syntactic, morphological. This has prompted scholars to refer to Sumerian and Akkadian in the 3rd millennium BC as a Sprachbund, Sumer was conquered by the Semitic-speaking kings of the Akkadian Empire around 2270 BC, but Sumerian continued as a sacred language. Native Sumerian rule re-emerged for about a century in the Neo-Sumerian Empire or Third Dynasty of Ur approximately 2100-2000 BC, the term Sumerian is the common name given to the ancient non-Semitic-speaking inhabitants of Mesopotamia, Sumer, by the East Semitic-speaking Akkadians. The Sumerians referred to themselves as ùĝ saĝ gíg ga, phonetically /uŋ saŋ gi ga/, literally meaning the black-headed people, the Akkadian word Shumer mayrepresent the geographical name in dialect, but the phonological development leading to the Akkadian term šumerû is uncertain. Hebrew Shinar, Egyptian Sngr, and Hittite Šanhar, all referring to southern Mesopotamia, in the late 4th millennium BC, Sumer was divided into many independent city-states, which were divided by canals and boundary stones. Each was centered on a dedicated to the particular patron god or goddess of the city. The Sumerian city-states rose to power during the prehistoric Ubaid and Uruk periods, classical Sumer ends with the rise of the Akkadian Empire in the 23rd century BC. Following the Gutian period, there is a brief Sumerian Renaissance in the 21st century BC, the Amorite dynasty of Isin persisted until c.1700 BC, when Mesopotamia was united under Babylonian rule. The Sumerians


were eventually absorbed into the Akkadian population, 2500–2334 BC Akkadian Empire period, c. 2218–2047 BC Ur III period, c, 2047–1940 BC The Ubaid period is marked by a distinctive style of fine quality painted pottery which spread throughout Mesopotamia and the Persian Gulf. It appears that this culture was derived from the Samarran culture from northern Mesopotamia and it is not known whether or not these were the actual Sumerians who are identified with the later Uruk culture

3.
Ur
–
Ur was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar in south Iraqs Dhi Qar Governorate. The city dates from the Ubaid period circa 3800 BC, and is recorded in history as a City State from the 26th century BC. The site is markedby the restored ruins of the Ziggurat of Ur. The temple was built in the 21st century BC, during the reign of Ur-Nammu and was reconstructed in the 6th century BC by Nabonidus, the Assyrian born last king of Babylon. The ruins cover an area of 1,200 metres northwest to southeast by 800 metres northeast to southwest, archaeologists have discovered the evidence of an early occupation at Ur during the Ubaid period. These early levels were sealed off with a deposit of soil that was interpreted by excavators of the 1920s as evidence for the Great Flood of the Book of Genesis. The further occupation of Ur only becomes clear during its emergence in the third millennium BC, the third millennium BC is generally described as the Early


Bronze Age of Mesopotamia, which ends approximately after the demise of the Third Dynasty of Ur in the 21st century BC. There are two sources which inform scholars about the importance of Ur during the Early Bronze Age. The first is a body of cuneiform documents, mostly from the empire of the so-called Third Dynasty of Ur. This was the most centralized bureaucratic state the world had yet known, concerning the earlier centuries, the Sumerian King List provides a tentative political history of ancient Sumer. The second source of information is archaeological work in modern Iraq, although the early centuries are still poorly understood, the archaeological discoveries have shown unequivocally that Ur was a major urban center on the Mesopotamian plain. Especially the discovery of the Royal Tombshave confirmed its splendour and this wealth, unparalleled up to then, is a testimony of Urs economic importance during the Early Bronze Age. Archaeological research of the region has contributed greatly to our understanding of the landscape. Imports to Ur came from parts of the world. The imported objects include precious metals such as gold and silver and we know that Ur was the most important port on the Persian Gulf, which extended much further inland than it does today. All the wealth came to Mesopotamia by sea had to pass through Ur. So far evidence for the earliest periods of the Early Bronze Age in Mesopotamia is very limited, Mesh-Ane-pada is the first king mentioned in the Sumerian King List, and appears to have lived in the


26th century BC. That Ur was an important urban centre already then seems to be indicated by a type of cylinder seal called the City Seals and these seals contain a set of proto-cuneiform signs which appear to be writings or symbols of the name of city-states in ancient Sumer

4.
Sumerian King List
–
Kingship was seen as handed down by the gods, and could be transferred from one city to another, reflecting perceived hegemony in the region. Throughout its Bronze Age existence, the document evolved into a political tool, the list blends prehistorical, presumably mythical predynastic rulers enjoying implausibly lengthy reigns with later, more plausibly historical dynasties. Although the primal kings are historically unattested, that does not preclude their possible correspondence with historical rulers who were later mythicized, Some Assyriologistsat c.2000 BC, WB444, in contrast, is a unique inscribed vertical prism, dated c.1817 BC, although some scholars prefer c.1827 BC. The Kish Tablet or Scheil dynastic tablet is an early 2nd millennium BC tablet which came into possession of Jean-Vincent Scheil, UCBC 9-1819 is a clay tablet housed in the collection of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of California. The tablet was inscribed during the reign of the Babylonian King Samsu-iluna, or slightly earlier, the Dynastic Chronicle is a Babylonian king list written on six columns, beginning with entries for the antediluvian Sumerian rulers. K 11261+ is one of the copies of this chronicle, consisting of three joined Neo-Assyrian fragments discovered at the Library of Ashurbanipal, K12054 is another of the Neo-Assyrian fragments from Uruk


but contains a variant form of the antediluvians on the list. The later Babylonian king lists and Assyrian king lists repeated the earliest portions of the list, at this time, Berossus wrote Babyloniaca, which popularized fragments of the list in the Hellenic world. In 1960, the Apkullu-list or “Uruk List of Kings and Sages” was discovered by German archaeologists at an ancient temple at Uruk, the list, dating to c.165 BC, contains a series of kings, equivalent to the Sumerian antediluvians, called Apkullu. Early dates are approximate, and are based on archaeological data. For most of the rulers listed, the king list is itself the lone source of information. Beginning with Lugal-zage-si and the Third Dynasty of Uruk, an understanding of how subsequent rulers fit into the chronologywas the case in the Kingdom of Finland and the Kingdom of Hungary, where the royal line was considered extinct in the aftermath of World War I. In Iceland, the regent represented the King of Denmark as sovereign of Iceland until the country became a republic in 1944, in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, kings were elective, which often led to a fairly long interregnum. In the interim, it was the Roman Catholic Primate who served as the regent, in the small republic of San Marino, the two Captains Regent, or Capitani Reggenti, are elected semi-annually as joint heads of state and of government. Famous regency periods include that of the Prince Regent, later George IV of the United Kingdom, giving rise to terms such as Regency era. Strictly this


period lasted from 1811 to 1820, when his father George III was insane, as of 1 December 2016, Liechtenstein is the only country with an active regency. The term regent may refer to lower than the ruler of a country. The term may be used in the governance of organisations, typically as an equivalent of director, some university managers in North America are called regents and a management board for a college or university may be titled the Board of Regents. The term regent is used for members of governing bodies of institutions such as the national banks of France. This type of group portrait was popular in Dutch Golden Age painting during the 17th century, in the Dutch East Indies, a regent was a native prince allowedto rule de facto colonized state as a regentschap. Consequently, in the state of Indonesia, the term regent is used in English to mean a bupati. Again in Belgium and France, Regent is the title of a teacher in a lower secondary school. In the Philippines, specifically, the University of Santo Tomas, the Father Regent and they also form the Council of Regents that serves as the highest administrative council of the university. In the Society of Jesus, a regent is a training to be a Jesuit. A regent in the Jesuits is often assigned to teach in a school or some other academic institution as part of the formation toward final vows, list of regents Viceroy, an individual who, in a colony or province, exercised the power


of a monarch on his behalf

6.
Cylinder seal
–
Cylinder seals were invented around 3500 BC in the Near East, at the contemporary sites of Susa in south-western Iran and Uruk in southern Mesopotamia. They are linked to the invention of the cuneiform writing on clay tablets. They were used as a tool, a form of signature, as well as jewelry and as magical amulets. In later periods, they were used to notarize or attest to multiple impressions of clay documents, graves and other sites housing precious items such as gold, silver, beads, and gemstones often included one or two cylinder seals, as honorific grave goods. The cylinder seals themselves are made from hardstones, and some are a form of engraved gem. They may instead use glass or ceramics, like Egyptiandedicated to the topic, has over 1000 illustrations, a categorization of cylinder seals, Akkadian cylinder seals. Akkadian seal, ca.2300 BC, stone seal w/ modern impression, the glyptic shows God in barge, people, and offerings. Predynastic Egyptian Naqada era tombs and graves, Egyptian Faience, see Pepi I ext link

7.
NIN (cuneiform)
–
The Sumerian word NIN was used to denote a queen or a priestess, and is often translated as lady. Other translations include queen, mistress, proprietress, and lord, many goddesses are called NIN, such as DNIN. GAL, DÉ. NIN. GAL, DEREŠ. KI. GAL, and DNIN. TI. The compound form NIN. DINGIR, from the Akkadian entu, NIN originated as a ligature of the cuneiform glyphs of MUNUS and TÚG, the NIN sign was written as MUNUS. TÚG in archaic cuneiform, notably in


Levant, and eastern and southern parts of Anatolia and Iran, sending military expeditions as far south as Dilmun and Magan in the Arabian Peninsula. During the 3rd millennium BC, there developed an intimate cultural symbiosis between the Sumerians and the Akkadians, which included widespread bilingualism. Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as a spoken language somewhere between the 3rd and the 2nd millennia BC, the Akkadian Empire reached its political peak between the 24th and 22nd centuries BC, following the conquests by its founder Sargon of Akkad. Under Sargon and his successors, the Akkadian language was imposed on neighboring conquered states such as Elam. Akkad is sometimes regarded as the first empire in history, though there are earlier Sumerian claimants, the Bible refers to Akkad in Genesis 10,10, which statesyet been identified on the ground, it is known from various textual sources. Among these is at least one text predating the reign of Sargon, together with the fact that the name Akkad is of non-Akkadian origin, this suggests that the city of Akkad may have already been occupied in pre-Sargonic times. Sargon of Akkad defeated and captured Lugal-Zage-Si in the Battle of Uruk, the earliest records in the Akkadian language date to the time of Sargon. Sargon was claimed to be the son of Laibum or Itti-Bel, a humble gardener, One legend related of Sargon in Assyrian times says that My mother was a changeling, my father I knew not

9.
United Kingdom
–
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain,


is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United


Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK hasbeen a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government

10.
Archaeologist
–
Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. In North America, archaeology is considered a sub-field of anthropology, archaeologists study human


antiquarianism in Europe during the 19th century, Archaeology has been used by nation-states to create particular visions of the past. Nonetheless, today, archaeologists face many problems, such as dealing with pseudoarchaeology, the looting of artifacts, a lack of public interest, the science of archaeology grew out of the older multi-disciplinary study known as antiquarianism. Antiquarians studied history with attention to ancient artifacts and manuscripts. Tentative steps towards the systematization of archaeology as a science took place during the Enlightenment era in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, in Europe, philosophical interest in the remains of Greco-Roman civilization and the rediscovery of classical culture began in the late Middle Age. Antiquarians, including John Leland and William Camden, conducted surveys of the English countryside, one of the first sitesto undergo archaeological excavation was Stonehenge and other megalithic monuments in England. John Aubrey was a pioneer archaeologist who recorded numerous megalithic and other monuments in southern England. He was also ahead of his time in the analysis of his findings and he attempted to chart the chronological stylistic evolution of handwriting, medieval architecture, costume, and shield-shapes. Excavations were also carried out in the ancient towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum and these excavations began in 1748 in Pompeii, while in Herculaneum they began in 1738. The discovery of entire towns, complete with utensils and even human shapes, however, prior to the development of modern techniques, excavations tended to be haphazard, the importance of concepts such as stratification and context were overlooked. The father of archaeological excavation was William


Cunnington and he undertook excavations in Wiltshire from around 1798, funded by Sir Richard Colt Hoare. Cunnington made meticulous recordings of neolithic and Bronze Age barrows, one of the major achievements of 19th century archaeology was the development of stratigraphy. The idea of overlapping strata tracing back to successive periods was borrowed from the new geological and paleontological work of scholars like William Smith, James Hutton, the application of stratigraphy to archaeology first took place with the excavations of prehistorical and Bronze Age sites

11.
Grave goods
–
Grave goods, in archaeology and anthropology, are the items buried along with the body. They are usually personal possessions, supplies to smooth the journey into the afterlife or offerings to the gods. Grave goods may be classed as a type of votive deposit, mostgrave goods recovered by archaeologists consist of inorganic objects such as pottery and stone and metal tools but organic objects that have since decayed were also placed in ancient tombs. Funerary art is a term but generally means artworks made specifically to decorate a burial place. Where grave goods appear, grave robbery is a potential problem, etruscans would scratch the word śuθina, Etruscan for from a tomb, on grave goods buried with the dead to discourage their reuse by the living. The tomb of pharaoh Tutankhamun is famous because it was one of the few Egyptian tombs that was not thoroughly looted in ancient times, Grave goods can be regarded as a sacrifice intended for the benefit of the deceased in the afterlife. Closely related are customs of


worship and offerings to the dead, in modern western culture related to All Souls Day, in East Asia the hell bank note. Also closely related is the custom of retainer sacrifice, where servants or wives of a deceased chieftain are interred with the body, evidence for intentional burial is found in Neanderthal sites from 130,000 years ago or earlier. In Homo sapiens burials beginning about 100,000 years ago, the body of the deceased was sprinkled with red ochre, and offerings of food, tools, and fresh flowers may have been deposited in the grave. Beads made of basalt deposited in graves in the Fertile Crescent date to the end of the Upper Paleolithic, the distribution of grave goods are a potential indicator of the social stratification of a society.It is also possible that burial goods indicate a level of concern and consciousness in regard to an afterlife, the expression of social status in rich graves is taken to extremes in the royal graves of the Bronze Age. In the Theban Necropolis in Ancient Egypt, the pyramids and the graves in the Valley of the Kings are among the most elaborate burials in human history. This trend is continued into the Iron Age, an example of an extremely rich royal grave of the Iron Age is the Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang. In the sphere of the Roman Empire, early Christian graves lack grave goods, in the Christian Middle Ages, high-status graves are marked on the exterior, with tomb effigies or expensive tomb stones rather than


by the presence of grave goods. The importance of goods, from the simple behavioural and technical to the metaphysical. However, care must be taken to avoid naive interpretation of grave goods as a sample of artefacts in use in a culture. Because of their context, grave goods may represent a special class of artifacts. Burial Grave field Necropolis Mingqi, the traditional Chinese burial goods The Earliest Beads, Treasures From the Ancient World, Museum of Ancient and Modern Art, at muma. org

12.
Lyres of Ur
–
The Lyres of Ur or Harps of Ur are considered to be the worlds oldest surviving stringed instruments. In 1929, archaeologists led by Leonard Woolley discovered the instruments when excavating the Royal Cemetery of Ur between from 1922 and 1934 and they discovered pieces of threelyres and one harp in Ur, located in what was Ancient Mesopotamia and is contemporary Iraq. They are over 4,500 years old, from ancient Mesopotamia during the Early Dynastic III Period, the decorations on the lyres are fine examples of the court Art of Mesopotamia of the period. Leonard Woolley, a British archaeologist, discovered the lyres amongst the bodies of ten women in the Royal cemetery at Ur, one body was even said to be laying against the lyre with her skeletal hand placed where the strings would have been. Upon this discovery, Woolley was quick to pour in a plaster to recover the delicate form of the wooden frame. The wood of the lyres was decayed but since some were covered in nonperishable materials, like gold and


to play on that would produce a noise that repeated throughout the song. The musician playing the instrument would repeat the pattern displayed on the lyre, the Golden Lyre of Ur or Bulls Lyre is the finest lyre, and was given to the National Museum of Iraq in Baghdad. Its reconstructed wooden body was damaged due to flooding during the second Iraqi War, the Golden Lyre got its name because the whole head of the bull is made of gold. The eyes are made of inlaid mother-of-pearl and lapis lazuli, the beard is similar in appearance to the Great Lyre and the Queens Lyre. The body of the bull was originally wood but did not survive and its discoverer, Woolley, believes that unlike the other lyres, the bodyof the Golden Lyre would have originally had legs. The Queens Lyre is one of two that Woolley found in the grave of Queen Pu-abi, the Queens Lyre is 110 centimetres in height and is similar in appearance to that of the Great Lyre. The mask of the bull is gold, the eyes, hair, and beard are all made of lapis lazuli and the horns are modern. The shape of the lyre is meant to resemble a bulls body, a noticeable difference between the Great Lyre and the Queens Lyre is that the Great Lyre has a straight forehead where the Queens Lyre curves slightly around the brow bone

13.
Tableware
–
Tableware is the dishes or dishware used for setting a table, serving food and dining. It includes cutlery, glassware, serving


are purchased for use in restaurants, individual pieces, such as those needed as replacement pieces for broken dishes, can be procured from open stock inventory at shops, or from antique dealers if the pattern is no longer in production. Possession of tableware has to a large extent been determined by individual wealth, the greater the means, the higher was the quality of tableware that was owned and the more numerous its pieces. In the London of the 13th century, the more affluent citizens owned fine furniture and silver, while those of straiter means possessed only the simplest pottery and kitchen utensils. By the later 16th century, even the poorer citizens dined off pewter rather than wood and had plate, jars, the nobility often used their arms on heraldicchina. Table decoration may be ephemeral and consist of items made from confectionery or wax - substances commonly employed in Roman banqueting tables of the 17th century, in modern times, ephemeral table decorations continue to be made from sugar or carved from ice. In wealthy countries such as 17th century France, table decorations for the aristocracy were made of silver

14.
Lapis lazuli
–
Lapis lazuli, or lapis for short, is a deep blue, semi-precious stone prized since antiquity for its intense color. As early as the 7th millennium BC, lapis lazuli was mined in the Sar-i Sang mines, in Shortugai, Lapis was highly valued by the Indus Valley Civilisation. Lapis beads have been found at burials in Mehrgarh, the Caucasus. It was used in the mask of Tutankhamun. At the end


of the Middle Ages, lapis lazuli began to be exported to Europe, where it was ground into powder and made into ultramarine, today, mines in northeast Afghanistan and Pakistan are still the major source of lapis lazuli. Important amounts are produced from mines west of Lake Baikal in Russia. Smaller quantities are mined in Italy, Mongolia, the United States, the name Lapis lazuli came to be associated with its color. The English word azure, French azur, Italian azzurro, Polish lazur, Romanian azur and azuriu, Portuguese and Spanish azul, the most important mineral component of lapis lazuli is lazurite, a feldspathoid silicate mineral with the formula 861-2. Most lapis lazuli also contains calcite, sodalite, and pyrite, some samples of lapis lazuli contain augite, diopside, enstatite, mica, hauynite, hornblende, nosean,and sulfur-rich löllingite geyerite. Lapis lazuli usually occurs in marble as a result of contact metamorphism. The intense blue color is due to the presence of the radical anion in the crystal. An electronic excitation of one electron from the highest doubly filled molecular orbital into the lowest singly occupied orbital results in an intense absorption line at λmax ~617 nm. Lapis lazuli is found in limestone in the Kokcha River valley of Badakhshan province in northeastern Afghanistan, Afghanistan was the source of lapis for the ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations, as well as the later Greeks and Romans. Ancient Egyptians obtained this material through trade from Afghanistan, during the height of the Indus Valley Civilisation about 2000 BC, the Harappan colony now known as Shortugai was established


near the lapis mines. In addition to the Afghan deposits, lapis is also extracted in the Andes and it is mined in smaller amounts in Angola, Argentina, Burma, Pakistan, Canada, Italy, India, and in the United States in California and Colorado. Lapis takes an excellent polish and can be made into jewelry, carvings, boxes, mosaics, ornaments, small statues, during the Renaissance, Lapis was ground and processed to make the pigment ultramarine for use in frescoes and oil painting. Its usage as a pigment in oil paint largely ended in the early 19th century when a chemically identical synthetic variety became available, Lapis lazuli is commercially synthesized or simulated by the Gilson process, which is used to make artificial ultramarine and hydrous zinc phosphates. It may also be substitutedby spinel or sodalite, or by dyed jasper or howlite, Lapis lazuli has been mined in Afghanistan and exported to the Mediterranean world and South Asia since the Neolithic age

15.
University of Pennsylvania Museum
–
The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology — commonly called Penn Museum — is an archaeology and anthropology museum that is part of the University of Pennsylvania. It is located on Penns campus in the University City neighborhood of Philadelphia, since 1958, the Penn Museum has published Expedition magazine. The excavations and collections of the Museum provide resources for student research, the scientific research center MASCA ] was also closed, although the MASCA scientists were moved to other Sections within the museum. Museum administrators announced that this was a measure taken due to the


current financial crisis, on June 1, then-Director Dr. Richard Hodges announced that newly defined positions as Associate Curator or Research Project Manager have been offered to 11 of the 18 individuals affected. The Museum is housed in an Arts and Crafts and Eclectic style building that is one of the landmarks of the University of Pennsylvania campus. The existing original building is only approximately one-third of an ambitious design that would have created one of the largest museum buildings in the United States. Features of the extant building include a rotunda, multiple courtyards and gardens, a fountain, reflecting pool, glass mosaics, iron gates. The Penn Museum was designed by a team of Philadelphia architects, all of whom taught on the faculty of the University, Wilson Eyre, Cope &Stewardson and Frank Miles Day. The first phase was completed in 1899 and housed the discoveries from an expedition sponsored by the University to the ancient site of Nippur, in 1915, the rotunda, which houses the Harrison Auditorium in the basement was completed. Charles Klauder designed the Coxe Memorial Wing, which opened in 1926 to house the Museums Egyptian collection, the Sharpe Wing was completed in 1929. The Coxe Memorial Egyptian Wing was added to the museum in 1924 through a bequest by former board president Eckley Coxe. The administrative wing was added in 1929, the Academic Wing, which provided laboratories for the Anthropology department and classrooms was opened in 1971. The most recent major addition was made in 2002, with the addition of the Mainwaring Wing, the


Museum Library was established in 1900 when the personal library of University of Pennsylvania professor of American archaeology and linguistics Daniel Garrison Brinton was acquired. This library contained an estimated 4,098 volumes of which the ethnology, the original location of the library holdings was the Furness Building until they were transferred to the Museum building in 1898. They were relocated to the Elkins Library up until 1971 upon when they were moved to their home in the University extension of the museum. The library collection was maintained by a staff of a single part-time librarian until 1942 when Cynthia Griffin became the first full-time librarian and it was under Cynthia that the collection and library witnessed many developments. Prior to her use of the library had been limitedKuskokwim River. Red Devil was named after the Red Devil cinnabar mine, a source of mercury. It has been found in Dominica near its sulfur springs at the end of the island along the west coast. Cinnabar is still being deposited, e. g. at the present day from the hot waters of Sulphur Bank Mine in California and Steamboat Springs, Nevada. As the most common source of mercury in nature, cinnabar has been mined for thousands of years, during the Roman Empire it was mined both as a pigment, and for its mercury content

17.
Natural History Museum, London
–
The Natural History Museum in London is a museum of natural history that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums


on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum, the Natural History Museums main frontage, however, is on Cromwell Road. The museum is home to life and earth science specimens comprising some 80 million items within five main collections, botany, the museum is a world-renowned centre of research specialising in taxonomy, identification and conservation. Given the age of the institution, many of the collections have great historical as well as scientific value, the museum is recognised as the pre-eminent centre of natural history and research of related fields in the world. Although commonly referred to as the Natural History Museum, it was known as British Museum until 1992. Originating from collections within the British Museum, the landmark Alfred Waterhouse building was built and opened by1881, the Darwin Centre is a more recent addition, partly designed as a modern facility for storing the valuable collections. Like other publicly funded museums in the United Kingdom, the Natural History Museum does not charge an admission fee. The museum is a charity and a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media. Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge is a patron of the museum, there are approximately 850 staff at the Museum. The two largest strategic groups are the Public Engagement Group and Science Group and this purchase was funded by a lottery. Sloanes collection, which included dried plants, and animal and human skeletons, was housed in Montagu House, Bloomsbury, in 1756. Most of the Sloane collection had disappeared by the decades of the nineteenth century.


Dr George Shaw sold many specimens to the Royal College of Surgeons and had periodic cremations of material in the grounds of the museum and his successors also applied to the trustees for permission to destroy decayed specimens. In 1833 the Annual Report states that, of the 5,500 insects listed in the Sloane catalogue, the inability of the natural history departments to conserve its specimens became notorious, the Treasury refused to entrust it with specimens collected at the governments expense. The huge collection of the conchologist Hugh Cuming was acquired by the museum and that collection is said never to have recovered. The Principal Librarian at the time was Antonio Panizzi, his contempt for the history departments. The general public was not encouraged to visit the Museums naturalhistory exhibits, in 1835 to a Select Committee of Parliament, Sir Henry Ellis said this policy was fully approved by the Principal Librarian and his senior colleagues. Many of these faults were corrected by the palaeontologist Richard Owen and his changes led Bill Bryson to write that by making the Natural History Museum an institution for everyone, Owen transformed our expectations of what museums are for

18.
British Museum
–
The British Museum is dedicated to human history, art and culture, and is located in the Bloomsbury area of London. The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician, the museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759, in Montagu House, on the site of the current building. Although today principally a museum of


art objects and antiquities. Its foundations lie in the will of the Irish-born British physician, on 7 June 1753, King George II gave his formal assent to the Act of Parliament which established the British Museum. They were joined in 1757 by the Old Royal Library, now the Royal manuscripts, together these four foundation collections included many of the most treasured books now in the British Library including the Lindisfarne Gospels and the sole surviving copy of Beowulf. The British Museum was the first of a new kind of museum – national, belonging to neither church nor king, freely open to the public, sloanes collection, while including a vast miscellany of objects, tended to reflect his scientific interests. The addition of the Cotton and Harley manuscripts introduced aliterary, the body of trustees decided on a converted 17th-century mansion, Montagu House, as a location for the museum, which it bought from the Montagu family for £20,000. The Trustees rejected Buckingham House, on the now occupied by Buckingham Palace, on the grounds of cost. With the acquisition of Montagu House the first exhibition galleries and reading room for scholars opened on 15 January 1759. During the few years after its foundation the British Museum received several gifts, including the Thomason Collection of Civil War Tracts. A list of donations to the Museum, dated 31 January 1784, in the early 19th century the foundations for the extensive collection of sculpture began to be laid and Greek, Roman and Egyptian artefacts dominated the antiquities displays. Gifts and purchases from


Henry Salt, British consul general in Egypt, beginning with the Colossal bust of Ramesses II in 1818, many Greek sculptures followed, notably the first purpose-built exhibition space, the Charles Towneley collection, much of it Roman Sculpture, in 1805. In 1816 these masterpieces of art, were acquired by The British Museum by Act of Parliament. The collections were supplemented by the Bassae frieze from Phigaleia, Greece in 1815, the Ancient Near Eastern collection also had its beginnings in 1825 with the purchase of Assyrian and Babylonian antiquities from the widow of Claudius James Rich. The neoclassical architect, Sir Robert Smirke, was asked to draw up plans for an extension to the Museum. For the reception of the Royal Library, and a Picture Gallery over it, and put forward plansfor todays quadrangular building, much of which can be seen today. The dilapidated Old Montagu House was demolished and work on the Kings Library Gallery began in 1823, the extension, the East Wing, was completed by 1831. The Museum became a site as Sir Robert Smirkes grand neo-classical building gradually arose

19.
London
–
London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is


crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in theEuropean Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British