English:
(bass guitar riff)
South Korea is experiencing a golden age
of rapid progress and economic growth.
In just 25 years, the previous war-torn country
has risen to become the world's twelfth largest economy.
The birthplace of Samsung
is also one of the world's most internet-savvy nations.
Social media is such an important part of Korean culture
that they even have their own messaging service,
where Koreans send over 55 billion text messages a day.
(audience cheers)
If I was going to connect with the Korean people
I would need learn their language.
(audience laughs)
This is Kim Shield, am I saying your name correctly?
Jin-sil.
Jim Shield.
Jin
Gin Shield.
Jin-sil.
Gin Shield.
Yeah, not the, so--
What?
Jin-sil.
Chin Cheel
Not the "ch" sound.
Jin-sil.
Yes, that's perfect.
I've asked you to teach me Korean.

Korean:
한국은 빠른 발전과 경제 성장의
황금 시대를 겪고 있습니다.
25년 만에, 전쟁으로 찢겨진 나라가
세계 20위의 경제대국으로 부상했습니다.
삼성의 탄생지인 한국은
세계에서 인터넷을 가장figures to come out so soon. But the 2008-09 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) was released recently, so it's worth looking at some of these figures.

Since the 2003 DHS, prevalence has fallen slightly, from 6.7% to 6.3%. The major falls were in Nairobi and Coast provinces, though prevalence also fell in five other provinces. The only province that saw an increase was Western province, which went from 4.9% to 6.6%. This is good news, given that the 2008 Kenya Aids Indicator Survey (figures collected in 2007) found that prevalence had increased overall.

HIV prevalence in Kenya has always been higher in urban than in rural areas. However, the trend is for the share of infections in rural areas to increase. And as the vast majority of Kenyans live in


rural areas, the number of people living with HIV in rural areas has long been higher than the number in urban areas.

The ratio of female to male infections overall has remained steady, at about 2 females for every one male. But in most provinces, this ratio has altered considerably. In Eastern province, for example, the ratio went from 4 women to every one man in 2003 to 4 women to every 3 men in 2008.

Despite the epidemic affecting women far more than men, there is still a lot of emphasis on the presumed effectiveness of male circumcision. This is said to give men some protection from HIV, though little or none to women. However, the mass male circumcision campaign in Kenya concentrates on only one of the threeimbalance' in Kenya is quite curious in many ways. North Eastern province has the worst Gender Development Index (GDI) but also the lowest HIV prevalence. This province also has the highest percentage of girls married by the age of 18. The province with the lowest percentage of girls married by age 18 and one of the best GDI figures, Nairobi, has the second highest HIV prevalence.

Looking at it another way, in Central and Eastern provinces there are four HIV positive women for every one HIV positive man. These two provinces have little in common, with Central having the best set of development indicators and Eastern having one of the worst. Central province has only half the HIV prevalence rate of the country as a whole but Eastern has


convinced that she speaks the truth because of her accuracy in the past.

3 There are fears that Baba's prophecy about a 'great Muslim war' will come true

Recently, theorists insisted that Baba forewarned a 2016 invasion of Europe by Muslim extremists, a conflict she predicted would begin with the Arab Spring in 2010.

She then forewarned of a showdown in Syria where “Muslims would use chemical warfare against Europeans”.

FROM ‘ILLITERATE’ VILLAGE GIRL TO APOCALYPTIC ANGEL – Baba Vanga was born Vangelia Pandeva Dimitrova in Strumica, a village located at the foot of a volcanic mountain range in what was then the Ottoman

Empire

– She led an ordinary life up until the age of 12, when she mysteriously lost her eyesight during a massive storm — described by some as a freaktornado

– According to folklore, the youngster was flung into the air and then dashed to the ground by a powerful gust of wind

– What happened next is murky but her family reportedly found her close to death several days later, her injured eyes sealed shut and encrusted with a thick layer of dust and dirt.

– Vanga later stated that she had experienced her first vision during the days she was missing and believed she had been instilled with the ability to heal people and predict the future

– She was able to convince others of her paranormal powers and quickly developed a cult following

As ISIS continues to gain ground in Syria, despite a massive bombing campaign by allied forces, believers remain convinced of her psychic powers.

Some also believe that


the inner chamber. The inner chamber and outer casing are structured such that the needle can be retracted completely within the interior of the outer casing when the inner chamber is releasably locked at the rear end of the outer casing. The needle can also be placed into an operational position when the inner chamber with attached needle is releasably locked at the forefront of the outer casing. The releasable locking of the inner chamber to the outer casing at the forward and rearward ends of the outer casing is achieved by either utilizing frictional contact between the two which is greater than that between the inner chamber and sealing plug. In an alternative embodiment, a knob/groove or ridge/groove locking arrangement is used. The releasable locking arrangement reliedan operational position, the inner member is first rotated such that the lugs of the outer member becomes disengaged from a first locking section of the inner member's grooves. Subsequently, the outer member is drawn along a straight line section of the inner member's grooves. Thereafter, the inner member is again rotated with respect to the outer member until the lugs of the outer member become locked within a second locking section of the inner member's grooves. To retract the needle attached to the inner member after use, the same procedure is followed only in reverse.

Thus, in the above two patents there is a requirement that the grooves and lugs be placed in alignment during the process of locking the needle into operational position and during the process


safe; quickly, securely and easily placed into operational and non-operational position, and inexpensive to manufacture.

In so providing, the invention features an outer preferably cylindrical casing and an inner chamber positioned within the interior of the outer casing. The outer casing includes a conically converging front end and an essentially open end. The outer casing is elongated and includes a central axis. A hole is formed at the tip of the front end of the outer casing with the center of the hole lying on the central axis.

The inner chamber is somewhat shorter in length than the outer casing and the inner chamber includes a conically converging front end which converges to a tipped end. The conically converging front end of the inner chamber is adapted to nestle withinthe conically converging front end of the outer casing when the inner chamber is placed at the forefront of the outer casing.

Releasably or permanently attached to the tipped end of the inner chamber is a needle or cannula which extends a distance out away from the inner chamber and is adapted to slide through the hole in the tipped end of the outer casing.

A plunger having a sealing plug attached to one of its ends is adapted to slide within the interior of the inner chamber. To prevent the plug from being withdrawn out of the chamber, inwardly extending abutments are formed along the open end of the inner chamber so as to come in contact with the sealing plug upon withdrawal of the plunger.

In addition, inwardly extending


casing, or both.

The materials contemplated for use in the present invention are the materials utilized for conventional syringes especially those of the disposable type. The sealing plug is also preferably formed of conventional materials with a relatively hard plastic material with a low coefficient of friction being preferred. The tolerance space between the sealing plug and the inner chamber is preferably made as high as possible without destroying the sealing function of the plug.

In storage position, the rear of the inner chamber is essentially coincident with the rear, or essentially open, end of the outer casing. That is, the essentially open end of the inner chamber is in abutment with the inwardly extending stops positioned at the outer casing's open end.

To place the syringe in operational position fromits storage position, the plunger with attached sealing plug is pushed forward within the inner chamber until the sealing plug makes contact with the forefront of the inner chamber. An increase in forward force on the plunger allows for the static frictional bond between the inner chamber and outer casing to be released. The release of the frictional bond between the inner chamber and outer casing allows for the inner chamber to be moved to an operational position at the forefront of the outer casing.

Because the frictional contact between the inner chamber and outer casing is greater than that between the sealing plug and inner chamber, fluid can be drawn into the inner chamber as the sealing plug is drawn away from the forefront of the inner chamber


without having the inner chamber move with reespect to the outer casing. Additionally, fluid can be forced back through the needle by pushing the sealing plug back towards the forefront of the inner chamber without releasing the frictional bond between the inner chamber and outer casing. Again, this is made possible by the differences in frictional contact between the respective contacting surfaces of the inner chamber, sealing plug and outer casing.

After use, the needle can be withdrawn into a retracted position. This is achieved by drawing the plug away from the forefront of the inner chamber until the plug makes contact with the inwardly extending abutments at the rearward end of the inner chamber. An increased pull on the plunger will act to break the static frictional bondbetween the inner chamber and outer casing and allow for the inner chamber to be moved rearwardly to a position previously referred to as a storage position.

The inner chamber is maintained in the storage position due to the frictional contact between the inner chamber and outer casing. Additionally, the needle is maintained in a retracted position due to its securement to the inner chamber.

In its retracted position, the needle is encompassed entirely by the outer casing such that an operator does not come in contact with a potentially contaminated needle. This necessitates that the outer casing is of a length that is greater than the needle and inner chamber combined. Preferably, the inner chamber and outer casing have essentially a uniform cross-sesction along their respective lengths except for


instance, a site with 5 parietals and 8 squamosals would be considered to have 8 individual frills (rather than 13, if the numbers were just added).

Supporting Information Table S1. Specimens included in this study, by element. Each specimen number listed is for a single element. Where numbers are listed twice (once in pathological, once in nonpathological) or indicated with a parentheses (2), this indicates that two elements from the same individual were included in the sample. Abbreviations: AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York; ASU, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina; CCM, Carter County Museum, Ekalaka, Montana; CMN, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario; DMNH, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Colorado; RAM, Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology, Claremont, California; ROM, Royal Ontario Museum,secede from the United States. It is something of an irony that the very states seeking secession from “big government”—like Louisiana and Alabama—have been among the top beneficiaries of that selfsame government. Put bluntly, the government would be far smaller without them, and they would seriously struggle far more without it. Indeed, were they to become independent, most would be failed states in need of a bailout. Only this time their benefactor would be not the federal government but the International Monetary Fund, of which the United States is the principal donor. Louisiana and Alabama would go the way of Greece and Spain. Ad Policy

Far from rejecting the “European model,” these would-be campaigners for “independence” are actually embracing it, in their secessionist impulses and in their economic fate.


Across the European continent, regions aspiring to be nations are attempting to break away from their mother countries. In November, Catalonian separatists won a huge victory in regional parliamentary elections, handing almost two-thirds of the local parliament to four different parties that all want a referendum on secession. In October, British Prime Minister David Cameron agreed with the Scottish National Party—the single largest party in the Scottish Assembly—to hold a referendum on independence in 2014. Following elections in October, the separatist New Flemish Alliance, which wants to pry Dutch-speaking Flanders from French-speaking Wallonia, won the Belgian election.

It is the apparent paradox of neoliberal globalization that even as capital flows freely, people travel more and consumption becomes standardized—particularly within the West, at least—regional, national and ethnic identities have hardenedNissan, which has been the most aggressiveamong the Japanese in localising parts production at its plantsaround the world, can cut its costs for rear lamps on itsmade-in-China Venucia brand by around 40 percent by shopping atlocal suppliers. "GM and Volkswagen use these firmsand since we compete with them we'll lose out unless we also usethem," Yamazaki said.

LOCALS BOLDER

At the same time, local joint venture partners have beenemboldened since a row between China and Japan over disputedEast China Sea islets. The row triggered often violent protestsand battered sales of Japanese branded cars in China.

"The Japanese had to rely on their Chinese partners to dealwith the crisis ... and the Chinese have gained more influence,"said the head of one Japanese interior parts supplier to Hondain China. "The Chinese are pushing


to bring in their ownsuppliers ... and business in China is all about relationships."

The quality of Chinese-made car parts has improved asmanufacturers gain experience, though many still fall short ofthose made by Japanese rivals, people in the industry say.

"During the trial stages in the lead-up to the Venucialaunch, we had quite a few problems that were unthinkable,"Yamazaki said, recalling how sun visors wilted and parts wereoften delivered with the wrong labels, prompting Nissan to sendin a team of Japanese engineers to work with local suppliers andensure products met the firm's high standards.

Yamazaki said parts made by Chinese suppliers currently makeup around 15-20 percent of Nissan branded cars in value terms,and the aim was to push that up to more than 35 percent.

"KEIRETSU" WARNING

So far, much of the localisationBackground {#s1}
==========

Robot assisted surgical systems have revolutionized minimally invasive surgery, providing many advancements, including three-dimensional visualization, elimination of surgeon tremor, wristed instruments, and improved surgeon ergonomics. Since the first Intuitive Surgical da Vinci® surgical system was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2000, robot assisted surgery has been embraced by surgeons worldwide. As of September 30, 2017, 4,271 da Vinci® units have been installed, with 65% of these units installed in the United States, 17% in Europe, 15% in Asia, and 3% in the rest of the world ([@B1]).

The initial application of robot assisted surgery in the field of urology began with adult robot assisted prostatectomies and was soon applied to the pediatric population with robot assisted pyeloplasties ([@B2]). In pediatric urology, robot assisted surgery has


not only works for Richard and Sven but also – long ago . . . and that includes Before Richard – was a shoulder to lean on for Anthea when she left her husband with her two little children in tow. For three months he provided shelter, emotional and financial support, and in the course of those months he fell madly in love with her. Never brave enough to admit it he’s kept quite all these years, satelliting around her glowing world, nose pressed against metaphorical glass, aching with longing but too sorry, and sorrowful to press on with his own life.

Sebastian Montoya and Anisa Dema (Photo credit: Gili Getz)

Throughout the years - and the weekends that make up the years – Brian often brings his latest girlfriendfamed Tsukiji market in Tokyo

Our chef or more correctly our itamae was more junior and very quiet, which was unfortunate as the two more senior itamaes at the counter were joking with their customers and presenting and explaining their food with flourish in heavy Japanese accents.

Since I was already there, I opted for the most expensive SGD 450 set. And burnt a hole in my pocket in the process.

As an appetizer, I had golden orange globes of ikura with some yuzu accent. Delicious but doesn’t deviate much from the normal ikura you get at other Japanese restaurants.

I started to get more excited as he brought out a slab of sashimi grade fish:

Look at him carefully and gently slice and place the fish reverently on the serving plate.

4 slices


Kyrgyzstan at the 2014 Winter Paralympics

Kyrgyzstan were scheduled to compete at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Russia, held between 7–16 March 2014.

See also
Kyrgyzstan at the Paralympics
Kyrgyzstan at the 2014 Winter Olympics

References

Category:Nations at the 2014 Winter Paralympics
2014
Winter Paralympicsinto the shop. But she has a plan – an idea that will overcome all her self imposed obstacles – or so she thinks!

Beauty and the Butcher is Johnny Parker’s debut as a writer and director. He was ably supported by Belinda Greensmith on Camera and Make-Up. Belinda has worked on productions with $1million budgets and was able to put her considerable experience, and supply of fake blood, to full use in the film.

Amy Watkins, as Julie, is also making her debut in short films, having started her career in Theatre and Dance including a range of Shakespeare Productions with the MOPS Theatre Company. Amy took to the part straight away with an instinctive awareness of the comic and tragic feelings of the character.

Sam Hudson, as the Butcher,


is a very experienced actor, who has starred in Brookside, Born and Bred, and Holby City. His wife Natasha Symms was the Pregnant Woman. The ‘lump’ is now a bouncing baby boy! Natasha is not only a new mum but also an accomplished actress having starred in Hollyoaks, Crossroads and Casualty.

Hayley Taylor-Jones, as the Estate Agent, like all the above, lives on the Wirral and has been in award winning drama, ‘A Mind of Her Own’ and is another up and coming local actress.

Rowe David McLelland, as The Doctor, has been in ‘Corrie’ and Emmerdale and kept us in stitches the whole time.

Music courtesy of The Great Northwestern Hoboes, a fabulous up and coming Liverpool Band. Check out more of their music here.

Thanks also to the wonderful shopkeepersand slams door. Cut to shot of her running down the road/drive with skirt tucked in knickers.

3. Ext. On high Street outside Butchers. Day

Julie is bustling down the street but stops just short of the Butchers. She can see the hunky Butcher inside and she roots in her bag for her mirror. As she looks in mirror to check hair and lippy, the second class stamp is stuck to the middle of the mirror. She brushes it off back into the bag, puts the mirror back and walks seductively into the shop.

4. Int. Butchers shop. Day.

Julie approaches counter. Hunky Butcher walks into shop with meat carcass and throws it onto the block. He reaches to a line of knives and cleavers and picks up a large cleaver, raises


villages.

Today (Thursday), in a telephone call with this correspondent, a villager speaking on the condition of anonymity as he feared for his safety, said that while food rations had reached Tarmetla, but residents of the interior villages of Timapuram and Morpalli were yet to receive any aid and were fast running out of supplies.

On March 30, the Supreme Court directed food commissioners N.C. Saxena and Harsh Mander to visit the affected villages to inquire into the basis of reports that six residents of Morpalli had died of starvation. The National Human Rights Commission has also directed the Chhattisgarh government to file a report on the incident. However, it appears unlikely that anyone will be able to access the villages anytime soon.

The district police have sealed that sole motorableroad leading to the three villages. In the past two weeks, journalists, social activists and even a convoy of 10 Congress members of the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly have been turned back by a hostile crowd of SPOs and members of the Salva Judum, an anti-Maoist vigilante force that the State government claims has been disbanded. The State government’s claims were made in response to a case, pending in the Supreme Court, which holds the Judum responsible for 537 murders, 99 rapes and 103 acts of arson.

Responding to calls that Dantewada had descended into anarchy, the state government transferred Dantewada Senior Superintendent of Police, S.R.P. Kalluri, but locals in Dantewada say the situation is yet to improve. Last week, social activist Swami Agnivesh described the SPOs and Judum as


activists, lawyers, journalists and educationists, among other things, urged the State government to register cases of rape, murder, atrocities and kidnap against the CRPF and Salwa Judum members and provide exemplary punishment for the perpetrators of these acts. The injured should be given immediate medical assistance and medical tests of the rape victims should be conducted.

People who suffered losses should be compensated. The government should immediately disband the Salwa Judum/Koya commandos.

Meanwhile, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), taking suo motu cognisance of media reports on the attack on social activist Swami Agnivesh and his team members on March 26 when they tried to take relief materials to the affected villages, issued notices to Chhattisgarh Chief Secretary and the Director-General of Police, seeking factual reports on the incident withincourt and the High Court have failed in their duty in this connection. The entire incident took place on the premises of the Annamalai Nagar police station and the accused deserve no mercy.”

An investigation by The Hindu reveals the horrific aftermath of a five-day anti-Maoist operation in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district. Photo: Aman Sethi

RelatedSLIDESHOW

Once the raid began, the villagers ran into the forests and returned to find their houses reduced to smoldering ruins. Photo: Aman SethiTarmetla: A village in flames

Three women assaulted, three men killed, hundreds rendered homeless in course of 5 day operation

The operation began in the early hours of March 11 when about 350 heavily armed troopers marched into the forests of Dantewada. They returned to their barracks five days later, with three villages aflame, about 300


homes and granaries incinerated, three villagers and three soldiers dead, and three women sexually assaulted, the victims and several eyewitnesses told The Hindu.

Last week, the Chhattisgarh police said three Koya commandos were killed in a Maoist ambush during a routine search, yet journalists attempting to reach the site were turned away by gun-toting special police officers. On visiting the area through a forest route, this correspondent was confronted by the aftermath of what appeared to be an attack by security forces on three tribal settlements in a 15-km radius of the police camp at Chintalnar, which has left hundreds homeless and brutalised.

The following account is based on interviews with villagers who spoke on the record and senior police sources who sought anonymity to speak freely. The names offrom a bag I kept tied around my waist.”

Villagers say the force left by noon, having torched 37 houses. They also picked up Madavi Ganga, 45, his son Bima and his daughter Hurre, 20. “They took us to the Chintalnar police station and put me in a separate cell and stripped me,” said Hurre.

Hurre said she was kept all night in the station and sexually assaulted. Ganga and Bima said the police repeatedly asked them whether Maoists visited their village and beat them through the night. The Madavi family was released when the women of Morpalli demanded their release at the Chintalnar station.

Police sources say they found neither arms factories nor Maoists at Morpalli that day, though they did find a 15-foot memorial commemorating the death of eight


fact confirmed by the police, and installed sentries to ward off a possible Maoist attack.

The Maoists attacked next morning, on Monday March 14. “We knew the Koyas had spent the night at Timapuram and laid our ambush early morning,” said a Maoist fighter who had participated in the attack and met this correspondent on the outskirts of Timapuram late Sunday night. “About 70 Maoists participated in the attack, including Area Commander Ramanna.”

The ambush lasted for two hours. Three Koyas were killed and nine injured. After the Koyas called for reinforcements, a helicopter flew in to evacuate the injured; the Maoists finally retreated by noon. The police and local newspapers say 37 Maoists were killed in the ambush, but a handwritten note sent to this correspondent by the Maoistsclaims that only Section Commander Muchaki Ganga was killed.

The Koyas spent the night at the village and left next morning, March 15, for Chintalnar. Before they left, villagers say, the Koyas burnt about 50 buildings, including homes and granaries. They also executed one of their captives, Barse Bima, with an axe. “My husband’s hands were tied behind his back, he had been hit with an axe on the base of his neck and twice on his chest,” said Barse Lakhme, who cremated the body.

The other captive, Mannu Yadav, was taken to Chintalnar where, villagers allege, the police shot him and claimed he was a Maoist fighter killed in the ambush. “The body claimed by the police was not a Maoist,” said a senior officer. He said he was


population and grab their land for its insatiable hunger for industrial development. It was a commendable job undertaken by The Hindu to reveal the true face of the BJP government in Chhattisgarh. There was no whisper of this cruel incident for twelve days which shows how efficient the government has been in hiding it real agenda. Another report in one of the leading newspapers corroborates it that every attempt was made to dissuade people coming from outside from entering the village. How democratic the state is when it resorts to such technique in portraying the beautiful picture of shining India. The local media is yet to murmur about this rampage.from: mohan shekharPosted on: Mar 23, 2011 at 13:57 IST

This incident is a slam on the Democracy and theto others who might exploit poor villages. The GOI MUST take these issues extremely seriously. They are meant to represent all Indians.from: Samir ModyPosted on: Mar 23, 2011 at 21:12 IST

The state is alienating people each day and brutallythanks to Aman for the report from an area difficult to coverfrom: sreedharPosted on: Mar 23, 2011 at 21:47 IST

Given the circumstances where Indian state machinery kill their own people, no surprise that Indian government did not favour NO FLY ZONE in Libya. There is no democracy in India, rather dictators rule us and loot public money.from: Indian tigerPosted on: Mar 23, 2011 at 21:57 IST

Exellent reportingfrom: snm raoPosted on: Mar 23, 2011 at 22:37 IST

No wonder why movies still show atrocities commited by police on common men. I am


Tarmetla is really commendable job.from: RajpalPosted on: Mar 31, 2011 at 18:30 IST

The Hindu A Hindu investigation reveals the horrific aftermath of a five day anti-Maoist operation in which security forces assaulted three women, killed three men and left hundreds homeless in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district. File photo: Aman Sethi

Collector, Senior Superintendent of Police transferred following reports of torching of villages

A large group comprising Special Police Officers (SPOs) of the Chhattisgarh police and members of the Salwa Judum attacked social activist Swami Agnivesh on Saturday as he attempted to deliver relief to a village allegedly torched by security forces in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district.

On March 23, The Hindu published reports and photographs alleging that SPOs had torched about 300 homes, granaries and wood-sheds, killed three men and sexually assaulted threefirst attack occurred early in the morning when a crowd of SPOs and Judum members surrounded his vehicle, pelted him with raw eggs, knocked off his turban and pushed him around. Reporters at the spot were also manhandled by the crowd. In a dispatch filed from the spot, Joseph John of the Indian Express reported that the crowd accused Mr. Agnivesh of turning a blind eye to the plight of victims of Maoist violence.

“They seized all the relief material intended for Tarmetla,” said Mr. Agnivesh, adding that he then returned to Sukma and telephoned Chief Minister Raman Singh for assistance.

In February this year, Mr. Agnivesh was instrumental in securing the release of five policemen kidnapped by Maoists.

Sources in the security establishment told The Hindu that the 150th Battalion


close to 300 hundred homes and granaries in three villages in Chhattisgarh’s violence-wracked Dantewada district, Special Police Officers (SPOs) of the State police assaulted a truck owner for delivering emergency rations to the affected villages.

According to eyewitness reports, a tribal police corps known as the Koya commandos conducted a five day anti-Maoist offensive from March 11 to March 16 in Dantewada’s Konta block, in the course of which they reportedly burnt about 300 buildings, sexually assaulted three tribal women and killed at least three men (two more are missing) in the villages of Tarmetla, Timapuram and Morpalli.

Yesterday, Dantewada District Collector R. Prasanna constituted a five-member inquiry committee and announced that the district administration would deliver emergency rations of grain, clothes, and cooking and edible oil to the affectedwhat happened on March 11.”

Keywords: Maoist issue, Chhattisgarh, Dantewada district

Jagdalpur, March 23, 2011Police ‘attack’ on Chhattisgarh villages to be probedAman Sethi

The Hindu A woman sits outside her house amidst her ruined possessions. Eyewitnesses accused Chhattisgarh’s Koya commandos and the CPRF of burning homes, sexually assaulting women and executing three men in Chhattisgarh’s tribal villages. Photo: Aman Sethi

The panel shall consist of two government officials, a lecturer from a government college and two independent members.

The Dantewada Collector R. Prasanna has announced a probe into allegations that the district police and central paramilitary forces burnt homes, molested three women and killed at least three men in a five military operation in March.

On Wednesday, The Hindu and Rajasthan Patrika carried news reports in which eyewitnesses accused Chhattisgarh’s Koya commandos (an armed


tribal police corps) and the Central Reserve Police Force of burning over 300 homes and granaries, sexually assaulting women and executing three men in the tribal villages of Timapuram, Morpalli and Tarmetla between March 11 and March 16.

The panel shall consist of two government officials, a lecturer from a government college and two independent members.

“We have set up a five member panel comprising Mr. Suresh Mahapatra, editor of local newspaper, Bastar Impact, Ms. Ratnabala Mohanty, a lecturer at Dantewada Post Graduate College, and the Head of a local NGO Pragati Prayas, Mr. Narendra along with the Tehsildar and Sub Divisional Magistrate of Knota block to inquire into the incident,” said Mr. Prasanna over the telephone.

Mr. Prasanna said that the panel had been asked to report their findings inthe following fortnight and that compensation to violence-affected families would be paid by the end of the month.

Acting on media reports that security forces had burnt granaries, Mr. Prasanna said that the administration was also sending rice, pulses, edible oil, clothes and fuel to Tarmetla village.

In a telephone conversation, Chhattisgarh Director General of Police, Vishwa Ranjan ruled out instituting a parallel police inquiry into the incident. “My people on the ground do not agree [with the media reports],” said Mr. Ranjan.

The Hindu A villager’s home ravaged in the fire and raids in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district between March 11 and March 16. Besides their homes, Tarmetla residents lost most of their possessions to the fire. Photo: Aman Sethi

A week after The Hindu first published allegations that security forces burnt


close to three hundred homes, sexually assaulted three women and killed at least three men (two are still missing) in three villages in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district, the State government finally broke its silence and blamed the atrocities on Maoist guerillas.

Speaking in the Vidhan Sabha, Chhattisgarh Home Minister Nankiram Kanwar admitted that 327 troopers of the Chhattisgarh Police and Central Reserve Police Force conducted a five day area domination exercise from March 11 to March 16 and raided the villages of Morpalli, Timapuram and Tarmetla; but claimed that, in each instance, the security forces were ambushed by Maoists who burnt the villages and escaped in the ensuing confusion.

Rejecting the Home Minister’s explanations, the opposition held Chief Minister Raman Singh personally responsible for the incident and boycotted the Vidhan Sabhafor the day.

According to Mr. Kanwar’s statement, the security forces raided Morpalli village on March 11 this year, when they were attacked by Maoists. The Maoists then allegedly set fire to a number of homes and escaped. Citing the testimony of one Madavi Ganga of Morpalli village in this regard, Mr. Kanwar said a case had been registered in the Chintalnar Police Station.

On March 20, this correspondent interviewed Madavi Ganga of Morpalli. As reported in The Hindu on March 23, Mr. Ganga said the police picked him up, along with his son and teenaged daughter, on March 11 and took him to the Chintalnar police station where he was held overnight and repeatedly beaten.

His daughter said she was kept in a separate cell and was sexually assaulted by


policemen. The Madavi family said they were released only when the women of Morpalli surrounded the Chintalnar police station and demanded their release. This correspondent visited all three villages where eyewitnesses claimed that their homes had been burnt by Special Police Officers (SPOs) and Koya commandos of the Chhattisgarh police.

Mr. Kanwar claimed that a similar pattern of ambush and arson was witnessed when the security forces raided the villages of Timapuram and Tarmetla, where the Maoists surrounded the forces, killed three SPOs and set fire to the villages.

In each case, the Home Minister said that police cases had been registered at the Chintalnar police station. However on March 23, a week after the alleged crimes, Dantewada’s Senior Superindent of Police, S.R.P. Kalluri told IANS that he had noknowledge of any incidents in the area, claiming, “It’s all Maoist-propaganda, nothing happened there.” Mr. Kalluri has since been removed from his post and transferred to Surguja.

In the Vidhan Sabha, the Leader of the Opposition Ravindera Chaubey, refused to accept the Home Minister’s statements. “No one from the administration has been able to visit the site. How can we believe this?” he asked.

CHANDIGARH: Visiting Pakistan Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani particularly relished the Amritsari delight, phirni, after savouring taar korma and paneer at the luncheon hosted for him at the Taj hotel in Chandigarh. Later, at the dinner with his Indian counterpart Manmohan Singh organized at Punjab Cricket Association (PCA) stadium, he enjoyed barra kebab.

After landing at the Chandigarh airport around 12.25 pm, Gilani and the delegation accompanying


1954 near Lohgarh Gate in Amritsar.

“Phirni is associated with Holi and can be found even in neighbourhood dairy shops in the holy city before and after the festival. It is hard to find the creamy rice dessert in Malwa and Doaba regions of Punjab,” said Neeraj, a resident of Ranjit Avenue in Amritsar.

The mouth-watering gulukand ka kalakand and kesari phirni were also included in the menu for the dinner served to the two prime ministers at Punjab Cricket Association (PCA) stadium, besides gosht barra, tandoori salmon, chops biryani and bhindi naintara, said sources.

After the lunch, Gilani went to watch the semi-final at the PCA stadium in Mohali. He returned to the hotel in the evening to take some rest and again left for the match around 7 pm.countries would henceforth acquire some momentum. ( Read: Fever catches on: Cricket diplomacy finds resonance in distant Tanzania ) ( Read: Manmohan’s Mohali hunch pays off ) ( Read: Cong hopes to bury ghosts of Havana, Sharm-el Sheikh )

Not that the Singh-Yousaf Raza Gilani meeting was followed by any major announcement. It was described as not really a dialogue but informal conversations between Singh and Gilani. During the unstructured talks, Singh touched upon a large number of issues that are yet to be resolved between the two countries. The meeting, it was claimed, was wide-ranging and covered a large number of issues, including those concerning the economies of the two countries. ( Read: Gilani bats for peace, calls tie a victory for cricket ) ( Read: Hours before


summit, VOIP call sparks security scare )

In fact, a beaming Singh looked in control as he stepped out in the company of his Pakistani counterpart to be introduced to the teams before the match began. Earlier, Singh had received Gilani at the Punjab Cricket Association ground. The two leaders were greeted by ICC chief and Union Minister Sharad Pawar and gifted plaques.

Singh’s was an abrupt move to invite the Pakistani leaders over for an informal round of talks. There was criticism that the emphasis on diplomacy could play spoilsport and shift the focus away from the cricket match. The PMO had been jittery about the informal dialogue receiving a more-than-necessary coverage by an intrusive media.

But the broadcasters obliged this afternoon when the TV camera completely avoided the VVIPenclosure at the Punjab Cricket Association Ground. Once the match began, the two leaders had enough time to themselves apart from applauding the odd boundary or the fall of a wicket. It was only at the end of the match after the last Pakistani wicket had fallen that the cameras showed the two leaders seated next to each other.

It was during the first 90 minutes of the semifinal when the two leaders were left alone that the Prime Minister raised various issues he had in mind. It was that interesting phase of the match when Sachin Tendulkar was teasing the Pakistani fielders with quite a few chances. It was at that time that Singh got his opportunity to sound out Prime Minister Gilani and elicit his views on


Mark my words.Agree (1)Disagree (1)

DAR-ES-SALAAM: Cricket diplomacy is infectious. While Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was ushering his Pakistani counterpart Yousaf Raza Gilani into the Punjab Cricket Stadium in Mohali, faraway Tanzania, east Africa, too witnessed camaraderie between diplomats of the south Asian neighbours.

In Dar-es-Salaam, which views cricket with as much mystification as do many parts of the world, Pakistan’s envoy, Tajammul Altaf, pulled off his own version of cricket diplomacy.

Along with the local Pakistani community, Altaf invited the Indian high commissioner K V Bhagirath and a group of visiting Indian journalists and Indians residing here to a cricket party. For a moderating influence, the new Turkish ambassador, who preferred to concentrate on the food, was also roped in to join the festivities.

Bhagirath, a cricket aficionado, was palpably excited:are locked by the conflict, a view held firmly by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh but which has not always had its takers in government and Congress. The party has not opposed peace moves, but remains wary of being tripped by unreliable interlocutors in Pakistan.

The backing for a peace tryst in a strong section of the political class is tempered by the unabating terror intent of groups in Pakistan which makes befriending the country a costly political adventure. “We are optimistic but we will have to have tangible benefits on terror front,” a Congress leader said.

A happy outcome would nudge the headlines away from graft that has kept UPA in the dock. Timing is the key because the salutary effect of success on Pakistan would be complemented by an


expected favourable margin in five assembly elections.

With Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Congress chief Sonia Gandhi, general secretary Rahul Gandhi along with many other ministers in Mohali to cheer Team India, and lend their weight to Singh’s latest peace initiative with Pakistan, the party on Wednesday virtually declared a holiday.

It cancelled a routine news briefing, perhaps keeping in view the fact that the focus would be entirely on the World Cup semifinal clash between India and Pakistan.

The Congress headquarters wore a deserted look with barely any office-bearer visible. Like everywhere else in the capital, the AICC office was bereft of any activity. Even the rival BJP, which is in disagreement with Congress on all major issues, also cancelled its media briefing.

NEW DELHI: A few hours ahead of the meetingfor the contrast with the heartbreak that the Pakistani nation would have experienced at the defeat, summed up the focus of Gilani’s trip – peace through cricket.

Gilani pointed out that his delegation comprised members from every party represented in Pakistan parliament, thereby indicating that his reciprocation to his counterpart’s invite had the backing of every shade of political opinion.

Gilani, who knows Singh well having met him earlier, recognized Punjab governor Shivraj Patil — he reminded that Patil was the Speaker of Lok Sabha when he was Speaker of the Pakistan assembly. He also knew quite a few other leaders from the Indian side.

Gilani stressed on the need for peace between the two neighbouring countries, sharing a blow-hot blow-cold relationship. Chaperoned by minister-in-waiting Sachin Pilot, Gilani said there was


transport to reach the match venue. ”Churchgate station is close to the stadium. So, using trains is the best option. If spectators choose to come in cars, they should opt for carpooling,” said Chaugule.

AHMEDABAD: Reviews of Pulitzer prize winner Joseph Lelyveld’s ‘Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle with India’ say Gandhi was a bisexual and had a German-Jewish bodybuilder lover in Hermann Kallenbach. Gandhians and scholars from across the globe have condemned the reviews. The Gujarat government banned the book on Wednesday.

TOI tries to get you up close with Kallenbach, who in Gandhi’s own words was much more than a German-Jewish bodybuilder, as mentioned in the review. He was described by Gandhi as a profound intellectual who was also in search of truth like him. He wasa great friend of Gandhi and quite an intellectual who initially shaped the life of Gandhi.

Gandhi wrote about their friendship in ‘The story of my experiments with truth’: “When I came to know him I was startled at his love of luxury and extravagance. But at our very first meeting, he asked searching questions concerning matters of religion. We incidentally talked of Gautam Buddha’s renunciation. Our acquaintance soon ripened into very close friendship, so much so that we thought alike, and he was convinced that he must carry out in his life the changes I was making in mine.”

Kallenbach was the one who gave a plot of land to Gandhi for his first big ashram in South Africa. ‘Indian Opinion’, a magazine run by Gandhi in South Africa,


real picture of Kallenbach instead of a gym bod from today? Nobody looked like that back in the early 1900s.Posted: Mar 27, 2011 at 7:35 amNo. 9 · TJ Parker

The first parts of the linked article, about Ghandi’s (alleged) *real* politics, egotism, views on race, and treatment of others … are actually more interesting than any speculation on his sexuality.Posted: Mar 27, 2011 at 4:40 pmNo. 11 · BreakTime

alex : Yes, that part of the article is the most interesting.Posted: Mar 27, 2011 at 4:51 pmNo. 12 · sidewalk

The wikipedia entry for Hermann Kallenbach, with references, makes no mention of bodybuilder. Kallenbach adopted a vegetarian diet, according to one source, and was a sport-loving bachelor.

A quick review through Google demonstrates how our instant news and twitter culture canand studied architecture in Stuttgart and Munich. In 1896 he went to South Africa, where he practiced as an architect. In 1904 he met Mohandas Gandhi, who was then working in South Africa. He became his intimate friend and dedicated devotee. Abandoning the life of a wealthy, sport-loving bachelor, he adopted the vegetarian diet and simple lifestyle of Gandhi. In Gandhi’s words, they became “soulmates” and, for a time, shared Kallenbach’s home. Together with another Jew, H.S.L. Polak, Kallenbach was associated with Gandhi throughout the Satyagraha (non-violent resistance) struggle which lasted in South Africa until 1914.

In 1910 Kallenbach purchased a farm near Johannesburg as a commune for the families of Indian resisters who had been imprisoned. It was named Tolstoy Farm and Kallenbach joined Gandhi there. During the


great Satyagraha march of Indians in 1913, he risked his personal safety to confront hostile whites in defense of the Indians. In November 1913 he was imprisoned together with Gandhi. Upon their release they both went to England. Kallenbach planned to accompany Gandhi to India, but with the outbreak of World War I, he was detained in England because of his German citizenship. After the war he returned to South Africa, where he resumed his work as an architect, but continued to correspond with Gandhi.

The rise of Nazism shocked Kallenbach into a rediscovery of his Jewish roots. He became a convinced Zionist, served on the Executive of the South African Zionist Federation, and planned to settle in Ereẓ Israel. At the request of Moshe Shertok (Sharett), Kallenbach visitedGandhi in May 1937 to enlist his sympathy and support for Zionism. In private conversations he gained the sympathy of Gandhi and his promise to take an interest in the Zionist cause. In his public statements, however, Gandhi continued to maintain a position unsympathetic to Zionism. Although disagreeing with Gandhi over Zionism and also in his (Kallenbach’s) conviction that Hitler had to be resisted by violence, Kallenbach’s deep friendship with Gandhi continued, and he visited him again in 1939. When Kallenbach died in 1945 he left a portion of his considerable estate for South African Indians, but the bulk was left for the benefit of Zionism. His large collection of books went to the Hebrew University, and his cremated remains were buried at Deganyah.ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Was born in Prussia,


according to the South African Who’s Who (1908) and educated at Tilsit College in Germany from 1882 until 1890. He studied architecture in Strelitz, Stuttgart and Munich and did his military service with the ROYAL ENGINEERS in Munich from October 1894 to October 1895. In 1896 Kallenbach came to South Africa and settled in Johannesburg. He seems to have been accompanied by two brothers. Soon after his arrival in Johannesburg KALLENBACH entered into partnership with one PHILLIPS, plans for the Maurice Building (1897) being drawn up and signed by the partners (cf. KALLENBACH & PHILLIPS).

KALLENBACH left Johannesburg for Durban at the outbreak of the Anglo-Boer War and designed several buildings in Durban, the most important being Koenig’s Building (completed by 1903) and later renamed St Andrew’s Building. Thisfive-storey building with a columnated facade of stone and twin cupolas brought Johannesburg urbanity to Durban, its closed, business frontage in marked contrast to the open balconies of the neighbouring Durban Club and Marine Hotel. KALLENBACH returned to Johannesburg about 1903; Longland’s directory (1903) listed KALLENBACH in partnership with PHILLIPS but after 1903 there was no further record of PHILLIPS in Johannesburg and by 1903 KALLENBACH seems to have been in partnership with A REYNOLDS (cf. KALLENBACH & REYNOLDS) since certain buildings by this partnership date from 1903. The partners had offices in Durban, Johannesburg and Pretoria.

According to Indian Opinion (28 January 1955) KALLENBACH met Mohandas K Gandhi in 1904, although some sources give 1906, and certainly Gandhi was renting premises in Pretoria from KALLENBACH in 1906 while


of luxury corresponds to some other possible lines of business sponsored by the Kallenbachs: the United Transvaal Directory (1907) listed a Kallenbach as an importer of delicacies from Europe. Yet another Kallenbach (Kallenbach & Driman) was secretary to the Edward Diamond Prospecting Syndicate, sharing the same address as Kallenbach & Reynolds in Sacke’s Building, Johannesburg, which was designed by Kallenbach & Reynolds between 1903 and 1904. It is possible that by this date Kallenbach was already speculating in land and in township development; subsequently Kallenbach Drive in Johannesburg was built ‘presumably named after Hermann KALLENBACH, a township-owner’ (Smith 1971:262). He is said to have been responsible for the building of Munro Drive in Johannesburg and to have built Sylvia Pass himself with the help of some labourers, afirm believer in the beneficial effect of manual labour. He handed the pass over to the city council on its completion. According to Smith (1971), KALLENBACH owned the township of Linksfield Ridge (Doornfontein No. 24) where he himself lived. KALLENBACH’s wealth was allowed him freedom from regular practice to attend to his other interests but he secured able partners for the efficient running of his practice, in particular AM KENNEDY.

So far no certain date exists for the commencement of KALLENBACH’s partnership with AM Kennedy (cf. KALLENBACH & KENNEDY); it probably dated from about 1903. In 1913 Kennedy left for Canada. By this time KALLENBACH was strongly committed to the Indian civil rights movement which must have left KENNEDY with a large share in running the business. His commitment


to the issues surrounding the Indian National Congress was deep. Not only had he funded Phoenix Farm (established in 1904) for the Satyagraha in about 1909, but in 1910 bought land near Lawley outside Johannesburg, donating it to the same cause. Gandhi named it Tolstoy Farm in honour of Leo Tolstoy, whom he admired and with whom he corresponded. Here KALLENBACH taught sandal-making, a skill he had learnt from the Trappist monks he met in Natal at Marrianhill during the Anglo-Boer War.

KALLENBACH always emphasised the need for a fit, healthy existence. He was a fruitarian, and at some point in his life had been taught to box by one Sandor. Further disruption to his architectural practice (possibly the last straw for KENNEDY) occurred when he was arrested inNovember 1913 for taking part in the Newcastle (Natal) protest march; he was released after several weeks and the intervention of the Colonial Secretary in London.

The partners KALLENBACH & KENNEDY entered the competition for the new (Great) synagogue in Wolmarans Street in Johannesburg in 1911/1912 but were unsuccessful (the competition was won by T SCHAERER.) KALLENBACH, however, obtained the commission for the Greek Orthodox Church of St Constantine the Great (1912-1913) in the same street and it is not unlikely that he submitted the same or a similar design in each case since both completed buildings refer to the Byzantine tradition and are surmounted by huge domes. In 1914 KALLENBACH left South Africa in the company of Gandhi and Gandhi’s wife. According to Gandhi (1929:322) KALLENBACH had hoped


to accompany Gandhi to India but was not allowed to do so by the British authorities because of his German origins (the First World War had evidently commenced by this time); Gandhi commented, ‘It was a great wrench for me to part with Mr KALLENBACH, but I could see that his pang was greater. Could he have come to India, he would have been leading today the simple happy life of a farmer and weaver. Now he is in South Africa, leading his old life and doing brisk business as an architect’ (Gandhi 1929:322.)

KALLENBACH remained in Britain for several years, an associate of Olive Schreiner amongst others, clear in an extract from a biography on Schreiner which states ‘Hermann Kallenbach, a German businessman, settled in the Witwatersrand in1896. An associate of Gandhi’s, he corresponded with Tolstoy and believed in vegetarianism. He gave Olive Schreiner help with her diet in the years in London and also ran errands for her, especially when she was ill. Schreiner’s letter to Gandhi about Gandhi’s stance in the War (the First World War) was actually sent to KALLENBACH’ (First & Scott 1980:304.) For some time KALLENBACH was detained in the Aliens’ Detention Camp in Douglas, Isle of Man.

The date of his return to South Africa is not certain but he was listed again in Johannesburg in the 1921 United Transvaal Directory but not as an architect. Although his friendship with Gandhi continued, KALLENBACH seems to have returned to his professional life in Johannesburg and turned to Zionism: ‘he was a


Zionist, but Zionism to him was not a negative phenomenon … Modern Palestine was to him an ethical and social experiment with a message to Jewry and to the world’ (Rand Daily Mail 26.3.1945.)

After his return to South Africa, he persuaded AM KENNEDY to leave Canada and take up the old partnership in about 1921. KALLENBACH is rumoured to have been the businessman in the partnership, bringing in the work, backed up by KENNEDY’s strengths in the office. From about 1923/1924 the partners designed a number of buildings in Durban, Pretoria and Johannesburg. In 1928 the firm was joined by AS FURNER (cf. KALLENBACH, KENNEDY & FURNER). Architecturally speaking the years between 1928 and 1945, when Kallenbach died, were the richest years of the firm’s existence since Furnerwas a talented designer who knew what was going on in modern architecture world-wide.

KALLENBACH’s last overseas visit was to India and Gandhi in 1945. During this visit Gandhi tried to persuade KALLENBACH to forgive the Nazi holocaust but KALLENBACH said he could not. In the 1940s he designed a simple brick home for those of the Gandhi family still in Phoenix and died a few weeks later. His library, some 5 000 volumes, was sent to the University of Jerusalem in 1955 as he willed, and the bulk of his fortune was left to benefit Israel.ISAA 1927. (Afr Archt Dec 1912:96; Afr Archt Jul 1913:v; First & Scott 1980; Fisher 1966; Gandhi 1929; Herbert 1975; Hillebrand 1975; Huttenback 1971; Indian Opinion 28/1/1955; Kallenbach Papers, LHM, Dbn; Kallenbach Papers,


keeping well. His farmis still unsold.

Your brother is to be married today. He sent me the invitation. I wrote wishing them a happy life. He invited Call to stay for a few days at his house and to look after it while he was away. Call left the Farm yesterday. He is still unhinged. He likes no one at the Farm. He said if it was a matter of choice, he would prefer the asylum to the Farm. I let110THE COLLECTED WORKS OF MAHATMA GANDHI

him do pretty much as he liked even to the extent of spiriting leather. He took it into his head to make for himself a pair of sandals. He made a horrible pair. He is never of the same mind for two minutes. Offills me with hope and confidencewithout which no man could work.

I wonder if you will stick to your carpentry and restaurantkeeping.Both are good education. Your diary does not even give mean idea of your monthly expenses. Does Polak continue to give yousatisfaction by way of letters?

Do you do any reading at all? Have the rosary and Imitation ofChrist disappeared from your view entirely?

With love,OLD FRIEND

From the original: Gandhi-Kallenbach Correspondence. Courtesy: NationalArchives of India

Hermann Kallenbach

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gandhi, Sonia Schlesin, Hermann Kallenbach

Hermann Kallenbach (1871–1945) was a South African architect who is best known for being a very close friend of Mahatma Gandhi, starting from the latter’s early days in South Africa.

Early life

Kallenbach was born in 1871 in East Prussia to a German-Jewish family.[1] He went to study architecture


in Stuttgart and Munich. In 1896, he went to South Africa, where he practiced as an architect and became a South African citizen.

With Gandhi in South Africa

In 1904 he met Mohandas Gandhi, who was then working in South Africa. He was highly influenced by Gandhi’s ideas of Satyagraha and equality among human beings and became his intimate friend and a dedicated devotee. In 1910 Kallenbach, who was a rich man, donated to Gandhi a thousand acre (4 km²) farm belonging to him near Johannesburg. The farm was used to run Gandhi’s famous “Tolstoy Farm” that housed the families of satyagrahis. Abandoning the life of a wealthy, sport-loving bachelor, he adopted a simple lifestyle, vegetarian diet and equality politics of Gandhi on this farm.[2] In Gandhi’s words, they became“soulmates” and, for a time, shared Kallenbach’s home. Together with Henry Solomon Leon Polak[citation needed], Kallenbach was associated with Gandhi throughout the Satyagraha (non-violent resistance) struggle, which lasted in South Africa until 1914.

As a Zionist

Kallenbach planned to accompany Gandhi to India in 1914, but with the outbreak of World War I, he was detained in England because of his German citizenship. After the war he returned to South Africa, where he resumed his work as an architect, but continued to correspond with Gandhi. The rise of Nazism shocked Kallenbach into a rediscovery of his Jewish roots.

He became a Zionist, served on the Executive of the South African Zionist Federation and planned to settle in Ereẓ Israel. He wanted a society in today’s Israel without a state, military and


to this day, is considered to be one of the foremost associates and friends of Gandhi who devoted a major part of his life to follow his principles and ideals. Gandhi has frequently mentioned him in his autobiography where he explains how he was his ‘soulmate’[5] in the early days of development of his personality and ideologies.

In Richard Attenborough‘s film, Gandhi, Kallenbach’s role was played by Günther Maria Halmer.[6]

Saeed Ajmal had Sachin Tendulkar caught by Shahid Afridi in the covers to place India at 187/5 in 37 overs.

Tendulkar was dropped four times before Afridi grabbed the catch. Tendulkar scored 85 runs off 115 balls with the help of 11 fours.

Wahab Riaz dismissed Virat Kohli and Yuvraj Singh off successive balls to place India at 141/4 in 25.3 overs.

Riazfirst had Virat caught by Umar Akmal at backward point and on the next delivery, clean bowled the in-from Yuvraj with a superb reverse swinging yorker.

Tendulkar made Pakistan pay by hitting his 95th ODI half-century.

Tendulkar was first dropped by Misbah-ul-Haq at mid-wicket when he was on 27 and a few overs later Younis Khan dropped a simple catch at mid-off when Tendulkar was at 45. The unlucky bowler at both times was Pakistani captain Shahid Afridi.

India lost their second wicket when Mohammad Hafeez had Gautam Gambhir stumped by Kamran Akmal.

Sachin Tendulkar and Gambhir brought up the Indian 100 in the 16th over.

Tendulkar took India to 73/1 in 10 overs after the dismissal of Virender Sehwag.

Tendulkar survived two close calls in Saeed Ajmal’s second over. On the fourth delivery,


including but not limited to BJP, VHP, ABVP and Marathi hooligans on the street, his policies about anything serious lack maturity. He may rant and rave, may threaten and terrorize general public in Maharashtra/Mumbai but he cannot stop the peace progress. I think, this old man should take a political ‘sanyas’ and retire to Himalaya.

Fans arrive in Chandigarh by a special train from Delhi for the World Cup semifinal match between India and Pakistan. Express photo: Jaipal Singh

As groggy-eyed passengers alighted at the Chandigarh Railway station from the World Cup special train from Delhi, the word cricket was enough to catch their attention and awaken the enthusiasm to root for India.

The semi-final clash between India and Pakistan, considered the final before the final has people from all partscome for the match, the common people would not have to face much trouble.

The late night rain and thundershowers gave jitters to many with cricket enthusiasts praying fervently that the skies would clear up. The prayers seem to have been answered. As the passengers alighted from the train and looked towards the sky, the shining stars brought a smile to their faces.

Prashant, who is working in TCS flew all the way from Chennai to Delhi and then caught the special train to Chandigarh. “I got lucky and managed to get the tickets for the match. The rain gave quite a scare, but with the weather having cleared its time to root for India,” he said.

Accompanying him was Meghrath who is a student in Delhi. He says, “While we


the high-voltage World Cup cricket semifinal between India and Pakistan.

The Pakistan Air Force flight carrying Gilani and his delegation landed at the Chandigarh airport around 12.25pm. Gilani, who is here at the invitation of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, was received by union minister of state for communications Sachin Pilot.

A little later, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh arrived here to watch the semi-final between India and Pakistan and to hold talks with his Pakistan counterpart Yousuf Raza Gilani.

Singh arrived at the military airport here at around 1:30pm and drove straight to the Punjab Cricket Association’s stadium at Mohali.

Earlier today Gilani expressed his happiness at the resumption of dialogue between India and Pakistan and said both he and his Indian counterpart Manmohan Singh were committed to work for peace and prosperityLelyveld should be enforced in India.

INDIA NEWSMARCH 30, 2011, 10:01 A.M. ET

Indian State Bans Book Hinting Gandhi Had Gay Lover

Associated Press

MUMBAI—A state in western India banned Pulitzer-Prize winning author Joseph Lelyveld’s new book about Mahatma Gandhi on Wednesday after reviews saying it hints that the father of India’s independence had a homosexual relationship.

More bans have been proposed in India, where homosexuality was illegal until 2009 and still carries social stigma.More Coverage

IRT: ‘Gandhi is No Gay Icon’IRT: New Book Raises Question: Was Gandhi Gay?Review: Among the Hagiographers

The furor was sparked by local media reports, based on early reviews out of the U.S. and U.K., some of which emphasized passages in the book suggesting Gandhi had an intimate relationship with a German man named Hermann Kallenbach.

The book has not yet


Gandhi’s philosophy was shaped by his time in South Africa and the extent to which his ideas were “tested by an India that quickly learned to revere him as a Mahatma, or ‘Great Soul,’ while following him only a small part of the way to the social transformation he envisioned.”

The possible relationship with Kallenbach didn’t feature equally in all reviews of the book. A New York Times review largely stayed with Mr. Lelyveld’s focus on the shaping of Gandhi as a political activist and social reformer.

“The two decades Gandhi spent in South Africa are too often seen merely as prelude. Lelyveld treats them with the seriousness they deserve,” wrote Geoffrey C. Ward in that review, noting that it helped that Mr. Lelyveld served as New York Times correspondentmale with 5 children. However he developed guilt feelings about sex, because he was indulging in it while his father lay dying. Kasturba, his wife recalled years later in India that he still had a normal sex drive. Kallenbach had bestowed a 1000 acre Tolstoy Farm to Gandhi and he remained a close friend. There is nothing unusual in Gandhi’s letters as this was common language in India in those days. Rajmohan Gandhi another biographer of his grandfather has mentioned that he was also fascinated with another lady colleague although this would be platonic. All in all, despite the derisive critics who are always looking to spice things up, there is nothing to suggest that Gandhi was a homosexual. As far as politics is concerned, even Subhash Bose


a trenchant critic of Gandhi refered to him as the “Father of the Nation” and acknowledged the mass awakening movement which Gandhi had initiated perhaps for the first time in human history. The impact of Gandhi can be seen in Egypt today and in all the third world countries; something which the western media would love to ignore if they could. As far as self sufficient villages are concerned, Gandhi was in touch with the Indian reality and more so than other arm chair philosophers. Even today, most governments of the world including western governments try to provide as many benefits as possible to local populations in rural areas to make them self sufficient and hence provide migration. The western world view needs to re-orient itself.

[...] in theattitude of the times. Indian freedom was nobody’s dream till the 1919 Jallianwallah Bagh Massacre where unarmed protested were mowed down by the British General Dyer. This was the major turning point of the Indian freedom movement and Gandhi had been an activist for a quarter century by then. The author forgot to mention that it was Gandhi who drafted Ambedkar to author India’s constitution and it was Gandhi who led the anti-untouchability movement much before Ambedkar and infact he was staying at the untouchable neighborhood in Delhi the night before he was asassinated. Jinnah was a patriot who turned into a Bigot thanks to the British influence on him and his role is under question in Pakistan itself. Gandhi himself has written extensively on his sex life


it might also be instructive to read Johann Hari’s portrayal of Andrew Roberts in The Independent.

Roberts, who has a new book out this week, describes himself as “extremely right-wing”. To understand him, you need to look at a small, sinister group of British-based South African and Zimbabwean exiles he has associated with. In 2001, Roberts spoke to a dinner of the Springbok Club, a group that regards itself as the shadow white government of South Africa. Its founder, a former member of the neo-fascist National Front, says: “In a nutshell our policy can be summed up in one sentence: we want our countries back, and believe this can now only come about by the re-establishment of civilised European rule throughout the African continent.”

The club, according to its website,flies the flag of apartheid South Africa at every meeting. The British High Commission has accused the club of spreading “hate literature”.

Mahatma Gandhi was a human being. He wasn’t God and such he was fallible. Yet, looking at the sum total of his life, his strengths far outweigh his weaknesses. LIke many idealists, he was trying to lead a perfectionist’s life when it came to dealing with others than his own family.

Who cares if he was Gay or cheating on his wife when he was young? He’ll still be Mahatma for millions of Indians and for many thoughtful people of the world. Winston Churchill, who called Gandhi “half naked fakir,” is the real racist.

5:28 am March 30, 2011Rambo wrote:

Hi Kumarpushp, what is a “nacked”? You must be a


society sex is almost a religion.

12:12 pm March 30, 2011Wisethoughts wrote:

I agree Vittal Srimushnam very stongly; these allegations need not be banned since they are not here to stay. I agree to these fellowmen & appreciate their noble thought shared here. NON VIOLENCE can bring big change in History was believed by Gandhiji & the whole nation also started believing. Is it a less of a accomplishment.

BOOKSHELFMARCH 26, 2011

Among the HagiographersEarly on Gandhi was dubbed a ‘mortal demi-god’—and he has been regarded that way ever since

Comments (249)

By ANDREW ROBERTS

Joseph Lelyveld has written a generally admiring book about Mohandas Gandhi, the man credited with leading India to independence from Britain in 1947. Yet “Great Soul” also obligingly gives readers more than enough information to discern that he was aapparently have also worked for the Chinese against the Japanese invaders.) Starting a letter to Adolf Hitler with the words “My friend,” Gandhi egotistically asked: “Will you listen to the appeal of one who has deliberately shunned the method of war not without considerable success?” He advised the Jews of Palestine to “rely on the goodwill of the Arabs” and wait for a Jewish state “till Arab opinion is ripe for it.”

In August 1942, with the Japanese at the gates of India, having captured most of Burma, Gandhi initiated a campaign designed to hinder the war effort and force the British to “Quit India.” Had the genocidal Tokyo regime captured northeastern India, as it almost certainly would have succeeded in doing without British troops to halt it, the


results for the Indian population would have been catastrophic. No fewer than 17% of Filipinos perished under Japanese occupation, and there is no reason to suppose that Indians would have fared any better. Fortunately, the British viceroy, Lord Wavell, simply imprisoned Gandhi and 60,000 of his followers and got on with the business of fighting the Japanese.

Gandhi claimed that there was “an exact parallel” between the British Empire and the Third Reich, yet while the British imprisoned him in luxury in the Aga Khan’s palace for 21 months until the Japanese tide had receded in 1944, Hitler stated that he would simply have had Gandhi and his supporters shot. (Gandhi and Mussolini got on well when they met in December 1931, with the Great Soul praising the Duce’s“service to the poor, his opposition to super-urbanization, his efforts to bring about a coordination between Capital and Labour, his passionate love for his people.”) During his 21 years in South Africa (1893-1914), Gandhi had not opposed the Boer War or the Zulu War of 1906—he raised a battalion of stretcher-bearers in both cases—and after his return to India during World War I he offered to be Britain’s “recruiting agent-in-chief.” Yet he was comfortable opposing the war against fascism.

Although Gandhi’s nonviolence made him an icon to the American civil-rights movement, Mr. Lelyveld shows how implacably racist he was toward the blacks of South Africa. “We were then marched off to a prison intended for Kaffirs,” Gandhi complained during one of his campaigns for the rights of Indians settled


Indians, he wrote: “We believe as much in the purity of races as we think they do.” That was possibly why he refused to allow his son Manilal to marry Fatima Gool, a Muslim, despite publicly promoting Muslim-Hindu unity.

Gandhi’s pejorative reference to nakedness is ironic considering that, as Mr. Lelyveld details, when he was in his 70s and close to leading India to independence, he encouraged his 17-year-old great-niece, Manu, to be naked during her “nightly cuddles” with him. After sacking several long-standing and loyal members of his 100-strong personal entourage who might disapprove of this part of his spiritual quest, Gandhi began sleeping naked with Manu and other young women. He told a woman on one occasion: “Despite my best efforts, the organ remained aroused. It wasa political question,” he accepted no debate on the matter. He elsewhere stated that “the abolition of Untouchability would not entail caste Hindus having to dine with former Untouchables.” At his monster rallies against Untouchability in the 1930s, which tens of thousands of people attended, the Untouchables themselves were kept in holding pens well away from the caste Hindus.

Of course, any coalition movement involves a certain degree of compromise and occasional hypocrisy. But Gandhi’s saintly image, his martyrdom at the hands of a Hindu fanatic in 1948 and Martin Luther King Jr.’s adoption of him as a role model for the American civil-rights movement have largely protected him from critical scrutiny. The French man of letters Romain Rolland called Gandhi “a mortal demi-god” in a 1924 hagiography, catching


Grievance Registration Number is : PRSEC/E/2011/04750 dated 30-3-2011 about controversial book on Mahatma Gandhi, like wise matter taken up with the Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances, Government of India vide registration number MOOIA/E/2011/00025 on dated 30-3-2011.“The government of India should take a serious note of the book that has made disgraceful statement on the national leader – father of the nation. It is demeaning for the nation,”Government should initiate steps to ban sale of a controversial book on Mahatma Gandhi by Pulitzer prize-winning journalist Joseph Lelyveld.“Gandhiji was a respected leader and is known as the father of nation. He led the freedom movement of India. The government should initiate steps to ensure that the book is not published in the India,”The minister also informed that thestate government would write to the Centre for not publishing the controversial book.The founder Secretary General of the National Khadi and Village Industries Boards Employees Federation Naresh Kadyan said that the book ‘Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle with India’ has maligned the character of the Father of Nation.“This is very serious that the author of the book has raised questions about the character of Gandhiji who initiated non-violence movement.“The references made by the American author are not acceptable and the Government of India should initiate steps to ensure that the book does not get published in India, the Central government to initiate steps to ban the book which maligns Mahatma Gandhi’s image,”Media Adviser of the International Organisation for Animal Protection – OIPA in India Abhishek Kadyan


along with Sukanya Kadyan, Director of the People for Animals ( PFA ) Haryana also support National Khadi and Village Industries Boards Employees Federation stand.RecommendLink

1 hour agoMike O’Malley replied:

So the government should initiate steps to ban sale of a controversial book on Mahatma Gandhi by Pulitzer prize-winning journalist Joseph Lelyveld. “Gandhiji was a respected leader and is known as the father of nation. He led the freedom movement of India. The government should initiate steps to ensure that the book is not published in the India,”

While you are at it perhaps you can extend that ban to works critical of Thomas Jefferson and promote Dónal Ó Conaill, The Emancipator, as the true father of modern non-violent mass protest?

Somehow I expect that citizens of modern India can handle criticismof a founding fater.RecommendLink

3 hours agoNaresh Kadyan wrote:

Gandhian Ideologist, philosopher and social reformer Naresh Kadyan moved complaint with the HE the President of India bearing Grievance Registration Number is : PRSEC/E/2011/04750 dated 30-3-2011 about controversial book on Mahatma Gandhi, like wise matter taken up with the Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances, Government of India vide registration number MOOIA/E/2011/00025 on dated 30-3-2011.“The government of India should take a serious note of the book that has made disgraceful statement on the national leader – father of the nation. It is demeaning for the nation,”Government should initiate steps to ban sale of a controversial book on Mahatma Gandhi by Pulitzer prize-winning journalist Joseph Lelyveld.“Gandhiji was a respected leader and is known as the father of nation. He led the


freedom movement of India. The government should initiate steps to ensure that the book is not published in the India,”The minister also informed that the state government would write to the Centre for not publishing the controversial book.The founder Secretary General of the National Khadi and Village Industries Boards Employees Federation Naresh Kadyan said that the book ‘Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle with India’ has maligned the character of the Father of Nation.“This is very serious that the author of the book has raised questions about the character of Gandhiji who initiated non-violence movement.“The references made by the American author are not acceptable and the Government of India should initiate steps to ensure that the book does not get published in India, the Central government toHe was an urbanist, not an agrarian, in terms of economic philosophy. He had no problem using the Army to bash Pakistan as and when it was needed. And he certainly was no celibate, given his romance with Lady Edwina (which may not have been sexual, but unquestionably existed).

Indeed, in most ways, he was the un-Gandhi. His description of himself was “Hindu by birth, Muslim by upbringing, European by education.” The difference was that, like discerning individuals (which this reviewer has shown himself to NOT be), he saw the essence of the man, and recognized both political effectiveness and the inherent nobility of non-violence as an approach to fighting an enemy that had almost unlimited ability to fight back with sticks and bullets but virtually no moral ammunition.

I


bigger than James Laine.Recommend

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1 day ago

CHANDRA VARANASI wrote:

Which issues are you referring to?Gandhi’s role in mobilizing the masses is unquestioned. Prior to his return from South Africa in 1915, Congress was pretty much a debating society with the likes of Tilak and Gokhale. His efforts at Hindu Muslim unity and his desire for it was genuine. So was his passion and work in trying to eradicate untouchability. His fanatical display of modesty drove a lot of people nuts, as did his pointless and almost comical experiments with celibacy – all of which was perhaps rooted in his parochial upbringing of a middle class Hindu. He never tried to dazzle anybody with his sophistication – intellectual or otherwise, but his ability to move the country was unrivaled.1 Recommendation

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1 daythe ruler of the ‘Empire’ at that time, I reserve the last few lines. A juvenile delinquent who was expelled from his school, a ne’er do well who only made it in politics due to his upper class connections, a man who constantly and publicly uttered racial comments his whole life, was Gandhi’s chief critic. His so-called leadership during World War 2 came primarily from a series of speeches he supposedly made during the war. Not surprisingly, it later turned out that it all the speeches were by an actor, and not our hero himself. The British at least had the decency to unceremoniously sack him at the end of the war. To ignorant authors such as your book reviewever, Gandhi would have said ” Go in peace,


my son”.2 RecommendationsLink

1 day agoPIYUSH DHANUKA replied:

You are forgetting that many great civilizations had great leaders as well: Washington, Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln to name a few. Why stoop down to dictator. Expect more from your leaders.1 RecommendationLink

1 day agoIan Kris wrote:

I don’t know why a British historian born in 1963 would be invited to write a review about a book on M.K. Gandhi. He has brought the same lens he has used to study the eccentric characters of British history. His vision is blurred, and Gandhi will be the first one to laugh it off and forgive him. India is still one of the few places on earth that will mourn the victims and pray for the terrorists who inflict pain and suffering. In India, to be civilizedarmy men, police, and bureaucracy that was supporting the British on August 13th was still in-charge on August 16th. This coupled with the fact that we were led by corrupt Nehru – Gandhi (Indira and family) clan after independence has caused the massive poverty. If India had adopted a free market economy and a better rule of law, perhaps by having Sardar Vallabhai Patel as the prime minister instead of Nehru, we might have a different India now. The fact that we have $1.4 trillion of Indian wealth in Swiss and Cayman Island accounts in the name of corrupt politicians, bureaucrats, and crony capitalists is a testament to our inability to gain true freedom on August 15, 1947.4 RecommendationsLink

1 day agoPIYUSH DHANUKA replied:

You are absolutely right. Sacrifices of


agoJohn Shniper replied:

Correction: I should have stated “West Bengal”. I did not mean to imply that the ethnic riots on Indian territory in 1947 reflected official policy or could fairly be called pogroms. These gruesomeevents were the political and moral responsibility of the new Indian State and more effort was directed towards territorial acquisition opportunities in Kashmir and Hyderabad than protecting Muslim minorities from organized violence in the disputed or divided territories.RecommendLink

2 days ago

Harry Lewis wrote:

It’s about time for a revisionist history of Gandhi. There’s no mention of his distinguished service in the British Army, either.Recommend

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2 days agoRomesh Chander replied:

Harry:

There is nothing revisionist about his service to British military. All is well known, but is considered not much of importance to merit extensive mention.

In 1918, Gandhi himself setup desks to recruit Indians to fight for British in WW1, for which British gave him the highest honours. Unfortunately (or fortunately), WW1 ended soon, and hence Gandhi’s effort did not really provide many recruit; by the time they were ready to go, war ended.

Gandhi offered his services for the Boer War (1900-1902, when he did not even think of freedom). His offer was rejected because it was considered a White man’s war, between white people (English and Dutch), and was to be fought by white men. So, he offered ambulance services for picking up the wounded and dead, which British accepted.1 RecommendationLink

2 days ago

Kiranpal Sohi wrote:

ick1 Recommendation

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2 days ago

Wayne Schroeder wrote:

The difference between this review by Roberts and the review in the New York Times by Ward


against the partition itself. He held a fast against Hindus’ killing Muslims (in India) , but broke the fast before riots in Pakistan stopped. Masses trusted his promise that he will never let partition happen. He had the power to hold fast to PREVENT partition, masses would have followed him. That may or may not have succeed, but he failed to do what he promised and professed – ” Satyagrah (Pleading for truth). Jesus could not prevent Roman brutality and violence, but he never flinched from his principles and died for them.

The last point is certainly not the instance. This is was the worst nightmare of modern Indian subcontinent, causing genocide, constant wars, and terrorism. Gandhi may be great philosopher with his good and bad, but why issame bed with his women disciples and later took to sleeping naked alongside them.[83] According to Gandhi active-celibacy meant perfect self-control in the presence of the opposite sex. Gandhi conducted his experiments with a number of women such as Abha, the sixteen-year-old wife of his grandnephew Kanu Gandhi. Gandhi acknowledged “that this experiment is very dangerous indeed”, but thought “that it was capable of yielding great results”.[85] His nineteen-year-old grandniece, Manu Gandhi, too was part of his experiments. Gandhi had earlier written to her father, Jaisukhlal Gandhi, that Manu had started to share his bed so that he may “correct her sleeping posture”.[85] Gandhi saw himself as a mother to these women and would refer to Abha and Manu as “my walking sticks”3 Recommendations

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3 days agoNat Ramachandran replied:

So?


(unlike Gandhi). He never supported Hitler or Japan’s genocide. He built Indian National Army wth whatever means he could, especially when Gandhi & Gandhians opposed that.2 RecommendationsLink

1 day agoJitesh Ramanathu replied:

Dhanuka,

You missed important points in the whole article. The very reason why Gandhiji was criticized during the world war was because, he decided to revolt against the British at such a crucial hour. He was somewhere in between Bose (totally aligning with the Japanese), and Jinnah (who was totally with the British). The author is clearly with Jinnah on this issue. Whose side are you?

Gandhiji was politically correct because he neither chose to side with the Japanese, who had just as much imperialistic ambitions as the British, and he revolted against the British, when he felt that theyto the reality of partition. Result was a genocide of both Hindus & Muslims and a forever state of war. People trusted him, worshiped him; and he failed the people of Indian subcontinent at their most critical moment.

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3 days agoPIYUSH DHANUKA wrote:

One has to remember that Gokhle recruited Gandhi to lead Indian National Congress, an organization established by British people to work as a safety-valve. INC and Gandhi only wanted a limited autonomy under British rule until 1920s when other freedom fighters insisted on “Complete Freedom’.

Gandhi desired to be loved and worshiped, and was happy to done the mantle of “Mahatma (Great Soul”) in a religious country. JL Nehru (promoted by rich father, Motilal Nehru) was his high priest. Other politicians and elites of India benefited from this


about the crook Gandhi.

Gandhi was a marketing machine. His image, his demeanor, his style, were all choreographed to appeal to the masses.His publicists in turn presented him as the “Great Soul” when he was nothing more than a mediocre lawyer turned political activist who milked the Quit India movement bandwagon as much as he could.

Real statesmen who fought for India in wars, that wrote and implemented legislation to help the poor Indian farmers, that visited with troops fighting the scoundrel Nazis, that were on the forefront of the world political arena are long forgotten. For supporting the War Effort, men like Sikander Hyat-Khan (Premier Punjab 1935-1942) are labeled as “toadys” of the British, and the Gandhis are referred to as the “Great Souls,” the “Jinnahs” who broke upjuncture we will be jeopardizing the safety of our country as also of our neighbours among other of Burma, Dutch East Indies, and Malaya in the east, and Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Turkey, and Egypt in the west. If God forbid, the Nazis and Japanese succeed in this war all our political aspirations, and ambitions of a free and equal partnership, will be frustrated for good. The fate of ninety million Muslims in this country and of an equal or even greater number elsewhere, together with 300 million of our non-Muslim countrymen, and a multitude of nations outside India is in the balance. It ill-becomes a Muslim to waver or hesitate when the whole world is in the throes of a life and death struggle and even


religious traditions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam). The Chandogya Upanishad, which is part of the Upanishads, one of the principal scriptures of Hinduism that dates to the 8th or 7th century BCE, bars violence against “all creatures” (sarva-bhuta) and establishes nonviolence as a code of conduct for Hindus.

As a technique for social struggle, nonviolence has been described as “the politics of ordinary people,” reflecting its historically mass-based use by populations throughout the world and history. Perhaps the first instance of a nonviolent campaign in modern history, with major political impact, was the March 1 Movement in Korea, which was a catalyst for the establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai in April 1919 and influenced nonviolent resistance in India and many other countries.

Indians andmom..1 RecommendationLink

4 days agoDeepak Seth wrote:

This book is an honest assessment of Gandhi. We can continue to fool ourselves, or believe in truth. British were good to India. Unlike Indian Rajas an Kings, who were bunch of psychopaths and retards. They raped India befor British.British gave India democracy, education, foundation of modern state. Stopped horrible crimes against women After about sixty, seventy years of self rule, we still see no infrastructure, but buildings from British time.Gandhi was a self promoter, ordinary Indians hated him. But Western intelluctals loved him.Congress and Nehru glorified him to give him, ” Father of Nation” . Even Nehru said ” Gandhi claims to be living in poverty, but it costs thousands of rupees to keep him in poverty “13 RecommendationsLink

3 days agoNeil Bandari


started his Salt March? Or When Gandhi was asked by British to come to London (in 1931 after the Salt March) for talks (which were a failure); when he returned from London, they put him in jail.

No, UK were never tired of their empire. It is only after WW2, when Britain was flat broke that it could not hold on to its Empire, that it saw the handwriting on the wall, it decided to liquidate the Empire (and leave Palestine to UN). If Churchill was in power in 1946, Britian still would have hung on to its Empire (even in 1947, Churchill was opposed to Independence).

Read some history, fellows.RecommendLink

3 days agoMICHAEL WALSH replied:

You make my point for me. And Gandhi was never really serious about anything but Gandhi.Tokyo regime captured northeastern India, as it almost certainly would have succeeded in doing without British troops to halt it,” – I highly doubt this since the Japanese was allied with INA of Netaji and therefore genocide would not have happened. Also, the British troops that halted the progress of Japanese were really Indian Soldiers who was lent to the British by the Indian princes when the British begged the Indian princes of independent states to help them win the war. The British would have never won the war if the Nepalese Gurkhas or the Punjabi Sikhs had not fought the Japanese on behalf of the British army.5 RecommendationsLink

4 days agoAlex Temenid replied:

Without Indian soldiers serving under the British flag, you’re right that India would probably have been


overrun by the Japanese invaders. You’re wrong to think the Japanese would have been more magnanimous toward the Indians they conquered than they were toward Filipinos, Chinese, or any others who were subjugated by them.

You’re also wrong that the British (the Allies, really) would have lost the war. In fact, although there was much pitched combat, sacrifice, and bravery on the side of the Allied forces, the entire theater turned out to be basically rendered irrelevant by the naval war in the Pacific and the island hopping campaign that positioned the US to burn out the major Japanese cities and set the stage for what would have been an extraordinarily sanguinary invasion, had the atomic bombs not been developed and deployed before the invasion was launched.10 RecommendationsLink

2 daysagoNANDEESH MADAPADI replied:

Alex: we will have to agree to disagree. The British (read Indian soldiers) won against the Japanese in Singapore and other SE Asian countries. It really was the Indian alliance, which helped Britain immensely in First World War and surely in Second World War. Without the Indian’s help, Britain would be too preoccupied in Europe/Germany and would have lost SE Asia. My Grandfather who was in South India was tasked with collecting food grains from the Indian farmers and delivering to the troops. Sadly, this was also done in Eastern India when Bengal underwent severe famine, so please spare me details of undermining Indian contribution to the British.2 RecommendationsLink

21 hours agoMichael Antebi replied:

Hello Gandi! Hello Dolly!

Isn’t this about the same man who praised Hitler during World


have been deeply in love with Hermann Kallenbach.

He allegedly told him: ‘How completely you have taken possession of my body. This is slavery with a vengeance.’Lovers? Gandhi and Kallenbach sit alongside a female companion. A new book has controversially said that the pair had a two-year relationship between 1908 and 1910

Lovers? Gandhi and Kallenbach sit alongside a female companion. A new book has controversially said that the pair had a two-year relationship between 1908 and 1910

Kallenbach was born in Germany but emigrated to South Africa where he became a wealthy architect.

Gandhi was working there and Kallenbach became one of his closest disciples. .

The pair lived together for two years in a house Kallenbach built in South Africa and pledged to give one another ‘more love, and yet morelove . . . such love as they hope the world has not yet seen.’Controversial: The new book outlines many details of Gandhi’s sexual behaviour, including allegations he slept with his great niece

Controversial: The new book outlines many details of Gandhi’s sexual behaviour, including allegations he slept with his great niece

The extraordinary claims were made in a new biography by author Joseph Lelyveld called ‘Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi And His Struggle With India’ which details the extent of his relationship with Kallenbach like never before.

At the age of 13 Gandhi had been married to 14-year-old Kasturbai Makhanji, but after four children together they split in 1908 so he could be with Kallenbach, the book says.

At one point he wrote to the German: ‘Your portrait (the only one) stands


the myth to paint a very different picture of Gandhi’s private life and makes astonishing claims about his sexuality.Revolutionary: The claims made in the book are likely to be disputed by millions of Gandhi’s followers across the globe

Revolutionary: The claims made in the book are likely to be disputed by millions of Gandhi’s followers across the globe

It details how even in his 70s he regularly slept with his 17-year-old great niece Manu and and other women but tried to not to become sexually excited.

He once told a woman: ‘Despite my best efforts, the organ remained aroused. It was an altogether strange and shameful experience.’

The biography also details one instance in which he forced Manu to walk through a part of the jungle where sexual assaults had in theto create controversy on a taboo subject like Ghandi’s sexuality to sell books. That shows how bad the book publishers are today. But I also feel it is insulting to Indians to say that without Ghandi we would not have got our independence. My grandfather fought against the British and formed a platoon of Indian National Army in Singapore. It was the time British ran away from Singapore giving arms to local Chinese and Malays to fight the Japanese. British was losing and used Ghandi’s image to run away from India too, but with some pride intact as a good guy “giving” independence. The British advertised then and until today about this Great Soul only because it served their purpose. People like my grandfather who took a bullet


Gandhi did & yet people still talk of him as some kind of saint.

- Andy M, UK, 28/3/2011 8:25Rating 1

He was first a man and second a sage and the sage was always in constant battle with the man. Sex was a trial in his later years but he was not a pope nor was he trying to appear as though he was sexless he knew his failings as a man with natural urges and admitted them many times. His greatest strength and challenge was his belief in “Ahimsa” or non-violence and that defeated the British-unfortunately because India disintegrated after that. Although at least they had their own country.

- goldie 206, korat Thailand, 28/3/2011 8:21Rating 10

Gandhi was not a saint nor was he a sinner. He was justIndia. Ghandi was a racist. The South African Government wanted to put up a memorial to him and there were many protests because of his anti-black racism. Read his comments about blacks. Ghandi supported India being in the British Empire. He changed his mind because of the 1st World war. He was in the British Army. No pacifism there. He was resposible for allowing Mohamed Ali Jinah to move from being a minor figure to one who could force partition. This led to the slaughter of millions. His sexual choices have been well known for many years. There are many more examples where Ghandi was less than perfect but who is. He was human. I think that what annoys people who know the facts is the complete sanitising


the attention of the nation it once enthralled.

Mr. Lelyveld (once a New York Times correspondent in India and South Africa and later the newspaper’s executive editor) teases out the forces that transformed a sheltered young Gujurati Hindu lawyer from a conservative merchant caste into the Mahatma, a figure part politician and part saint, who renewed the ancient tradition of Hindu asceticism in the hope not just of political independence, but also of a social and spiritual transformation based in the Indian villages.

In Gandhi’s early years in South Africa we see an ambitious lawyer, an immigrant almost by chance, brought over in 1893 to assist in a civil suit between rival Indian-owned trading companies with roots in his hometown. Initially orthodox in his religious beliefs, he was drawn —like many Indians later active in the national liberation movement — into the fringe milieu of Theosophy, a creed whose blend of Hinduism and Western Spiritualism made it a magnet for holders of unconventional ideas. Theosophical meetings were one of the few places where Indians and Europeans could meet socially on equal terms.

In 1894 Gandhi would go so far as to identify himself in a newspaper advertisement for a series of self-published tracts as “Agent for the Esoteric Christian Union and the London Vegetarian Society,” and it was through a Theosophist friend that he discovered Tolstoy, whose creed of universal brotherhood and radical nonviolence affected him profoundly.

Gandhi soon became a spokesman for the Indian business elite of Natal Province in South Africa, lobbying against a system of discriminatory