to the defendants. The December 11 contract reiterates and reestablishes the right of the Secretary of the Interior to determine how and when the defendant may exercise its valuable preferential right, conferred by article XI of the contract of April 25, and also vests the Secretary of the Interior with sole power to direct the defendant to fill the storage tanks at Pearl Harbor with fuel oil. Other instances of the delegations of vital power to the Secretary of the Interior are found in the specifications, which accompany each of the contracts and are part of them. It is unnecessary to specifically mention them here. Suffice it to say that these powers are so important, necessary, and essential to the agreements that, if they are eliminated, the essenceand vitality of the entire plan of the contracts and leases is gone.
These delegated powers are not merely incidental to any power retained by the Secretary of the Navy. They are not purely ministerial or administrative. They are in fact the principal controlling powers that the Act of June 4, 1920, vests exclusively in the Secretary of the Navy, so that he, and he only, can control and administer these reserves for the benefit of the Navy and of the United States. The delegated powers require the Secretary of the Interior to exercise judgment and discretion, and the attempted transfer of such powers from the Secretary of the Navy renders the contracts and leases void. Mechem on Public Officers, §§ 567, 568, 604; 1 McQuillin on Municipal Corporations,


839.
There is no merit in the contention of defendants that the Secretary of the Interior is merely made the agent of the Secretary of the Navy by these provisions of the contracts in which the delegations of powers are found. The authority is conferred on the Secretary of the Interior sui juris, and not as the representative of the Secretary of the Navy.
I conclude this opinion by summarizing my decision of this case as follows:
The plaintiff is entitled to the cancellation and annulment of each of the contracts and leases in controversy by reason of fraud and conspiracy of Secretary Fall and Mr. Doheny, as alleged in the amended bill of complaint, and also because each of said contracts and leases is void on account of the illegaland invalid transfer and delegation of power from the Secretary of the Navy to the Secretary of the Interior, as shown by certain provisions in each of the contracts and leases. If it were not for the fraud and conspiracy of Secretary Fall and Mr. Doheny, and the unlawful delegation of power in the agreements, the contracts and leases in suit would be authorized, and would be binding obligations upon the United States of America, under the Act of June 4, 1920.
The record in this case, however, does not entitle the plaintiff to the full relief demanded by the amended bill, and, although plaintiff makes no offer to do equity in the premises, this court nevertheless, in a suit of this kind, has the inherent power to administer


has been clearly established that such construction projects and property are of benefit *89 and value to the United States of America and to its Navy, and that the construction of such property has been done economically and without waste or extravagance, and that such constructed facilities are now available for use by the United States of America, and are now located on property of the government at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and that the money expended for the construction and completion of said storage facilities for crude oil products at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, has been expended by defendants upon property of the United States of America and under the supervision and inspection of the duly appointed officers of the United States Navy.
Such property should be retained by thepickup truck, owned and driven by South, and the Railroad's train at the Barrett Avenue crossing in Larimore, North Dakota, on January 17, 1976, at approximately 6:20 a. m. South sustained serious injuries in the collision. He sued the Railroad for damages on a theory of negligence, and his wife, Delores, also sued the Railroad for damages allegedly incurred by the loss of her husband's consortium.
Although pertinent facts will be detailed as each issue is discussed, a brief recitation of the facts at this point should be helpful in acquiring an understanding of the issues.
Prior to the collision South was employed as a missile site superintendent. South lived in Larimore, and on the morning of the collision he, for the first time, was driving to work at a


new missile site location to which he had been assigned. To drive to the old work site South crossed the railroad tracks in Larimore at the Towner Avenue crossing, but in order to drive to the new work site South took a route which crossed the tracks at the Barrett Avenue crossing.
As South approached the Barrett Avenue crossing traveling south at approximately 20 miles per hour, a westbound AMTRAK passenger train was also approaching the Barrett Avenue crossing traveling at approximately 68 miles per hour. Both the train and South's pickup reached the crossing at approximately the same instant and the front of the train engine collided with the left front portion of South's vehicle.
The parties do not dispute that as one approaches the Barrett Avenue crossing travelingsouth his view of the tracks to the east is obstructed. The parties do dispute, however, the extent of the obstruction and the part such obstructed view played in the collision between South's pickup and the train. South's expert witnesses testified that under the conditions existing at the time of the collision it was impossible for South to see the train in time to stop before reaching the railroad tracks. South asserts that the train whistle did not blow a warning of the train's approach to the Barrett Avenue crossing, and several witnesses testified on South's behalf that although they were in a position to hear the train whistle at the Barrett Avenue crossing that morning they did not hear the whistle blow. South also introduced evidence to


support his assertion that the railroad negligently maintained the crossbuck sign at the Barrett Avenue crossing.
The Railroad asserts that it was not negligent in the operation of its train and that the maintenance of the crossbuck sign was not a material issue because South was aware of the location of the railroad tracks running through Larimore. Several witnesses testified, on behalf of the Railroad, that the train whistle did blow a warning on the morning of the collision. The Railroad also attempted to prove that South was negligent in failing to ascertain the presence of the train and in failing to safely stop his vehicle prior to reaching the railroad tracks.
At the conclusion of the trial the jury returned a verdict in favor of South and his wife,trial because of this error.
In King this Court affirmed the trial court's grant of a new trial on the ground that the trial court had improperly permitted the jury to have a ruler and a piece of string for experimentation during the course of its deliberations without the knowledge or consent of the parties. In King, the plaintiff was injured when he fell from a ladder while splicing an electric wire which was hanging above the street. The fall occurred when the defendant drove his truck under the electric wire causing the truck visor to catch the wire and pull the plaintiff from the ladder. One of the jurors stated by affidavit that the jury used the string and ruler to "visualize in a general way how the


erred in refusing to allow such testimony.
The photographs showed the Barrett Avenue crossing with the old crossbuck sign which was in place at the time the accident occurred. Subsequent to the taking of the photographs, the crossbuck sign was removed from the crossing, at the Souths' request, to be used as an exhibit at the trial. A new crossbuck sign, which contained highly reflectorized material, was then placed at the Barrett Avenue crossing. Vickers viewed the scene at the Barrett Avenue crossing after the old sign was removed and the new sign placed in position.
Upon ruling that Vickers would not be allowed to give his opinion on the accuracy of the photographs the trial court explained its reasoning, part of which was as follows:
"Now it's true that we'rehad smelled alcohol at the scene of the accident, but that he could not state who, if anyone, had been drinking. The Railroad brought this matter to the court's attention in chambers after opening argument. After a lengthy consideration of the issue the court ordered the Souths' counsel to retract his statement before the jury. In open court the Railroad's counsel acquiesced in the statement of retraction made to the jury by the Souths' counsel. Any prejudice to the Railroad's case which may have resulted by the opening remark of the Souths' counsel was *835 sufficiently negated by the retraction statement. If the entire incident resulted in any prejudice it was probably against the Souths because their counsel placed himself in a position of having to admit to


the jury that his prior statement was improper.

(b) Parka Incident
Prior to opening argument the Railroad made a motion in limine to exclude all evidence referring to the train engineer's failure to cover South with his parka or to otherwise assist South at the scene of the accident, on the ground that such evidence was prejudicial. The engineer who was operating the train at the time of the accident died prior to the commencement of the trial in this case. Prior to his death, the Souths' counsel had taken the engineer's deposition, and it was part of this deposition testimony that the Railroad sought to exclude in its motion in limine. The motion was denied, and during opening argument the Souths' counsel made the following statement:
"The evidence will showadmission of the engineer's testimony regarding the assistance, or lack thereof, to South at the scene of the accident, nor did the court abuse its discretion in refusing to admit those portions of the testimony which the court determined were highly prejudicial and irrelevant.
During opening argument to the jury, the Souths' counsel referred to statements made by the engineer as to why he did not cover South with his jacket. As noted previously, some of those statements were never admitted into evidence because of the court's ruling that they were highly prejudicial. As part of its instructions to the jury the trial court gave a standard instruction that the arguments or other remarks of the attorneys were not to be considered as evidence in the case and that


calculations, he had considered that the gyrolite was 12 feet above the rail. He responded:
"A. About 12 feet above the rail, yes. Of course I was never able to measure one of them. I tried to locate a train with a gyrolite and I couldn't find one. They have now chained on two strobe lights on the side of the train."
Upon motion by the Railroad the foregoing answer was stricken and the jury was instructed by the court to disregard it. Also, during cross-examination, the Railroad's expert witness, Dean Ellsworth, an engineer employed by AMTRAK, testified that gyrolites have been "specified for new equipment." There was no objection by the Railroad to the question. The Souths' counsel also briefly questioned Ellsworth concerning the use of gyrolites and strobemaintenance of the crossbuck sign at the Barrett Avenue crossing. The Souths introduced such testimony to show that, because of the improper placement of the sign and the failure to maintain reflectorized material on the sign, South was misled as to his actual distance from the track. The Souths assert that a properly maintained crossbuck sign would have more adequately warned South of his distance from the track which would have perhaps caused him to slow the speed of his vehicle in time to see the train and avoid a collision. The Railroad asserts that, because South testified that he was generally aware of the location of the tracks, improper maintenance of the crossbuck sign could not have been a proximate cause of the accident, and, therefore, such


to decide.
Prior to the morning of the accident South had never traveled across the Barrett Avenue crossing. Consequently, he was not familiar with the obstructions at the crossing which created, in the opinion of at least one expert witness, a hazardous situation for drivers attempting to cross the railroad tracks at Barrett Avenue. Furthermore, the record would support a finding that the extent and nature of the obstructions were not obvious to a driver unfamiliar with the crossing nor was the danger they created readily apparent to such a driver. If South had been familiar with the nature of the Barrett Avenue crossing perhaps his failure to exercise greater care than he actually did on the morning of the accident would have constituted negligence as a matter oflaw, but that is not the evidence before us.
The record would also support a finding that South looked in both directions in an attempt to see a train and that he also listened for the train's whistle. South testified that although he looked and listened he neither saw nor heard the train, and there is evidence in the record, other than evidence implying South was negligent, that would explain why he did not see or hear the train in time to avoid the collision. Experts testified that the obstructions to South's view at the crossing, under the circumstances of the situation, including, among other things, vehicle speeds and road conditions, absolutely precluded South from being able to see the train in time to avoid the collision. Also, there


also talked up Clinton as a fighter for children and families and someone who is never afraid to take on "an army of right-wing lunatics."

"We can whine about Donald Trump. We can whimper about Donald Trump. Or we can fight back. Me? I'm fighting back," Warren said. "Hillary Clinton is fighting back."

U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen and Gov. Maggie Hassan, who is running against Republican Sen. Kelly Ayotte, also railed against Trump in their remarks. Hassan's race against Ayotte is one of the nation's most competitive and closely watched, and Hassan slammed the first-term senator for supporting Trump. Ayotte says she will support Trump as the GOP nominee but has criticized many of his remarks. Hassan said the criticism is not enough.

"Is there anything Trump could do to loseOnly two weeks left to Double your gift

This story was originally published by CityLab and is reproduced here as part of the Climate Desk collaboration.

On a rainy day in New Orleans, people file into a beige one-story building on Jefferson Davis Parkway to sign up for the Low-Income Heating and Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), a federal grant that helps people keep up with their utility bills. New Orleans has one of the highest energy burdens in the country, meaning that people must dedicate a large portion of their income to their monthly energy bills. This is due in part to it being one of the least energy-efficient cities in the country.

For many city residents, these bills eat up 20 percent of the money they take in, and the


BUDHAN MERCURY Temple

Overview

The Budhan temple is located in Thiruvengadu and is dedicated to planet God Budha.

About the temple

Thiruvengadu is home to the Aghoramurthy - Lord Shiva's fiery form, Veerabhadrar. Many shrines in the temple are dedicated to significant deities like Goddess Durga and Kali. The Spatikalingam here is offered special pujas as in Chidambaram. It is also believed that Lord Shiva took the fierce form of Aghoramurthy, to kill the demon Maruttuvan, to whom Lord Shiva had given his weapon Shoolam - which Marittuvan had misused.

It is one of the navagraha places dedicated to the planet God Mercury. Budha (Mercury) is considered to be a favourable planet. The ponds, Soma Theertham and The Surya Theertham, it is said are created by the sun and the moon and bearlots of significance. It is believed that the Soma Kundam and Surya Kundam are referred in Silappathihaaram. Thiruvenkadu, one of the navagraha places is the Budhan sthalam dedicated to Planet God Mercury. Thiruvenkadu literally means, in Sanskrit as Shwetaranya or sacred white forest. This is also called as Adhi Chidambaram and the Chidambara Rahasyam is also here. As seen in Chidambaram, Lord Vishnu is near Nataraja, Lord Shiva. Special pujas are done to Lord Nataraja and the associated Spatikalingam, as in Chidambaram. The God is Shwetaranyeswarar and His wife is Goddess Brahma Vidyambal. It is believed that Suryan, Indran, Airvatam,Chandran and Budhan have worshipped Lord Shiva here. Thiruvenkadu is one among six holy places equl to Kasi. The other five are Thiriveni Sangamam ,Rameswaram, Gaya, Thilatharpanapuri and Srivanchiyam.


This is also one of the 51 shakthi Peethas. This place is also called as aathi chidambaram. For good education one worships Goddess Bramma Vidyambigai Amman. It is situated 15 kilometers away from Vaitheeswaran Koil, on the Sirkali Poompuhar road. Vilvam and Konrai are the other Sthala vrikshams here.

About the Deity

Legend and stories

Agora Murthi is the presiding deity in this temple. It is said that Agora Murthi was one of the furious forms of Lord Shiva. There was an Evil named "Padmasuran" in Thiruvengadu. He worshipped Lord Bhrama with deep devotion and penance for power. Happy with his devotion, Lord Bhrama blessed him with many powers.

But Padmasura used those powers for all the wrong reasons and started to torture the saints and innocent people. Helpless saints and peopleWhitney Cummings is a Los Angeles based comedian, actor, writer and producer.

Cummings co-created and co-wrote, along with Michael Patrick King, the CBS comedy 2 Broke Girls, which will return this Fall for a 3rd season. She also wrote, produced and starred in her autobiographical sitcom Whitney, which aired on NBC for 2 seasons between September 2011 – April 2013.

Cummings appears regularly on E!´s, Chelsea Lately and has appeared on Comedy Central´s Roasts. Her one-hour stand up special, Money Shot, premiered on Comedy Central in August 2010 and was nominated for an American Comedy Award later that year.

Every Fri & Sat night Flappers Comedy Club- Burbank presents live Comedy Entertainment right in the heart of Downtown Burbank, the Entertainment Capital of the world. Flappers is located at the corner


Richy has created a unique brand of comedy that allows each performance to be wonderfully memorable and different. Stories of growing up as the middle child of four with divorced parents and too many past failed relationships makes for nothing but hilarity. Through stand up comedy and "Boy Band" like vocals, Richy has an amazing ability to make everything fun. Richy has appeared on MTV´s "Is She Really Going Out With Him", VH1´s Basketball Wives, Blue Collar Comedy Channel Sirius/XM, TMZ Live, TMZ Sports and Lifetime´s Little Women: LA. Richy has headlined the 2015 Wynwood Comedy Festival, hosted the 2015 Brickell Comedy Festival, 2015 Burbank Comedy Festival, and 2016 Palmetto Bay Comedy Festival. He has also hosted the pilot taping of Dana Carvey´s new Impressionist TV show.WEBSITE |
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Tone will be see next starring in NBC's freshman comedy, Good Fortune, produced by Rashida Jones.Prior to Good Fortune Tone toplined NBC´s freshman comedy Truth Be Told executive produced byWill Packer and DJ Nash. This is in addition to selling an untitled half-hour scripted comedy based onhis life to FX which he co-created, is writing, executive producing and will star in. Bell first appearedon televisions across the country as bartender "RJ" when he joined Season 2 of "Whitney" on NBC. Hewas the host of MTV's "Jerks with Camera's and in 2014 was cast in a break out role as bailiff TedwardMulray playing opposite Kate Walsh in the sitcom "Bad Judge" on NBC. Voted one of Variety´s 2015Top 10 Comics to Watch, Tone Bell continues to regularly perform


Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) leaders across Maharastra on Thursday expressed displeasure over Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal not meeting them while he was on a visit to the city on Wednesday

Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) leaders across Maharastra on Thursday expressed displeasure over Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal not meeting them while he was on a visit to the city on Wednesday.

Arvind Kejriwal. Pic/PTI

Kejriwal had appeared before a local court in connection with a case for allegedly holding a rally without required permission during the 2014 Lok Sabha polls. He had left shortly after the hearing.

Local Aam Aadmi Party leaders said its chief has 'no vision' for party's expansion in Maharashtra. Suspended party leader and a former key face of AAP in Maharashtra, Mayank Gandhi accused Kejriwal of 'demolishingparty's base' in the state.

"Kejriwal wants its Delhi team to be kept intact while he wants no challenge from its leaders of other states. This is why he deliberately destroyed party's base in Maharashtra and Mumbai," he said.

Only party leaders Preeti Sharma Menon, Meera Sanyal along with a handful of supporters were present outside the Kurla court. A senior state leader on condition of anonymity said, "Volunteers in the state and Mumbai are extremely discouraged because Kejriwal has ruined party's base in Maharashtra. Volunteers now feel that it is a wastage of time being associated with the party."

He said it has happened for the first time that there was no strong supporters' base behind the party chief during his visit to Mumbai.

Another leader said they had hoped that


and sofas are items that are utilized by many individuals, however, they tend to come in different shapes, sizes, and colors so that the item coordinates and matches the area in which the item is located. A similar rationale is developing with computers as consumers desire their computer to coordinate and match the area in which it is located.
In the past, computers were manufactured and available in limited styles and colors, the colors being generally limited to white, cream, and black. Recently, computer manufacturers have been producing computers in a variety of colors allowing the consumer to choose a color of his or her preference at little or no additional cost. However, upon a change in location, the computer color selected at the time of purchase may notwalnut in the same way as the table top, offset with veneer underneath. The smaller, lower tray is in MDF finished with black scratch-proof paint and fitted with protective felt pads. An aluminium turntable mechanism using steel ball bearings is housed between the two trays.

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SPRUCE GROVE, Alta. — Mounties are asking for help to find whoever stole a former Edmonton Oilers goalie’s mask and jersey from an arena named after him.

RCMP say there was a break and enter at the Grant Fuhr arena in Spruce Grove, west of Edmonton, on Sunday.

The showcase display inside the arena was damaged and Fuhr’s signed, white Oilers jersey and mask on display were taken.

Fuhr, a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame, led the Oilers to five Stanley Cup championships between 1984 and 1990 and won the Vezina trophy for the best goalie in 1987.

During the 1983-1984 season, Fuhr collected 14 points, which still stands as the single-season record for most points by a goaltender.

Police say the jersey and maskgive him before he left..."

Mr. Ratburn looked around the classroom with a smug look on his face, looking like he hasn't had a good night's sleep or even looked like he combed his hair. The children looked at him like he was a more casual Mr. Ratburn, probably didn't want to fully suit up for work again, really who would? Mr. Haney slid his glasses back on and continued talking, "I'll be turning the class back to you Mr. Ratburn so they're all yours." The principal walked past the teacher and left the class.

Mr. Ratburn coughed and tried to start his new lesson plan, "Okay... children we're gonna start the day off with some math problems..." The rat man grabbed the nearest piece of chalk he could find


on the board behind him and started writing, the children moaned in disappointment, suddenly... The chalk made a horrible screech as Mr. Ratburn started to grind his teeth in anger and then fisted the chalkboard. The children gasped and then Ratburn tried to go back to his lesson, "Now what's twenty divided by three hundred times A?"

Binky raised his hand, Ratburn turned his head and called on Binky in a grunt pitch in his voice, "Binky?"

"Can I go to the bathroom?" Binky asked.

"FUCK YOU KID YOU'RE A DICK!" Mr. Ratburn shouted at the top of his lungs, the entire class gasped in surprise.

Arthur leaned into Buster to whisper into his ear, "This must be the tourettes thing the grown ups were talking about?"

"ARTHUR YOU LITTLE FUCK SHUT THEJames L. Brooks

Born on May 9, 1940 in Brooklyn, NY, Brooks was singularly raised in North Bergen, NJ by his mother, Dorothy, a saleswoman of children's clothes, after his father, Edward, a furniture salesman, left after being told his wife was pregnant. He returned when Brooks was a year old, only to leave and come back on several occasions throughout the years. When Brooks was 12 years old, his sister, Diane, was married, after which the family never heard from their father again. Brooks managed to survive his rough childhood - one plagued by financial insecurity, as well the paternal absence - by reading and writing comedic stories, some of which he submitted to be published, only to be gently let down b... Continue Bio >>


in 2001, the Taliban government in Afghanistan prohibited the opium trade and further interruptions in the drug trade as a result of the U.S-Afghan war led to lower availability of heroin in the surrounding area (e.g., Quetta) and is thought to have facilitated the recent trend in switching from heroin chasing to injection of pharmaceutical opiates \[[@B33]\].

Other behaviors unrelated to drug use were also independently associated with HCV seropositivity. IDUs from Quetta who had ever received a barber shave had a marginally higher odds of HCV seropositivity, consistent with other studies in non-drug using populations in both developed and developing nations \[[@B34]-[@B38]\]. Barbering in makeshift stalls or on the street is common in Pakistan and is often conducted under unhygienic conditions. The lifetime prevalence of barber shaving wasImage copyright bbc

Former head of MI5 Eliza Manningham-Buller today joins an increasingly long list of "formers" and "exes" who have publicly condemned the so-called "War on Drugs" as a "dead end".

This afternoon in the House of Lords there will be a former President (Switzerland's Ruth Dreifuss), a former chief of the US Federal Reserve (Paul Volker) and a former Chancellor of the Exchequer (Nigel Lawson).

They will be among many other retired establishment figures lining up to say that we need to launch a global and national search operation for a workable alternative to prohibition.

The question that leaps out, of course, is why didn't any of these people make their argument before they retired from the day-job?

A glance at the members of the Global Commission on Drug Policy, which


A front page article in the New York Times reveals the existence of a highly classified military intelligence unit called Able Danger, which had identified Mohamed Atta and three other 9/11 hijackers as likely members of an al-Qaeda cell operating in the United States more than a year before the attacks. [New York Times, 8/9/2005] Members of the unit had recommended that the FBI be called in to take out the cell, but Pentagon lawyers had blocked their request (see September 2000). The incident was first described in a June 2005 speech on the House floor by Representative Curt Weldon (R-PA), and in an interview with Weldon around the same time in the Norristown Times Herald, neither of which had garnered much attention. [Norristown Times Herald, 6/19/2005; USis not clear who exactly in the commission was aware of the program. Former 9/11 Commissioners Tim Roemer and John Lehman say they were never briefed about Able Danger before the 9/11 Commission’s Final Report was published. [Government Security News, 8/2005Sources:Curt Weldon]

The City of New York releases a large volume of records from 9/11. These include over 12,000 pages of oral histories—testimonies from 503 firefighters, paramedics, and emergency medical technicians involved in the 9/11 emergency response—and about 15 hours of radio communications between dispatchers and firefighters. The oral histories were gathered in informal interviews by the New York City Fire Department, beginning in October 2001. This was on the order of then Fire Commissioner Thomas Von Essen, who said he wanted to preserve the accounts before individual memories


said that Prince Bandar had been suffering health problems and is not close to the new Saudi King Abdullah (see August 1, 2005). Prince Turki was Saudi intelligence minister from the late 1970s until about one week before 9/11 (see August 31, 2001). Then he served three years as Saudi ambassador to Britain. Prince Turki has had a controversial past. He was considered a mentor to bin Laden, and encouraged him to represent Saudi Arabia in the Afghanistan war against the Soviet Union. There are allegations that Prince Turki took part in a series of secret meetings between bin Laden and the Saudis over a period of many years (see Summer 1991; May 1996; Spring 1998; June 1998; July 1998; July 4-14, 2001). There are also allegations thatwas dropped from the suit because of diplomatic immunity (see August 15, 2002). [New York Times, 7/21/2005]

Several individuals come forward and corroborate claims made about a military intelligence unit called Able Danger that, by mid-2000, allegedly identified Mohamed Atta and three other future 9/11 hijackers. Days previously, a US Army intelligence officer called Anthony Shaffer made claims about the unit (see August 17, 2005). On August 22, Scott J. Phillpott, an active-duty Navy captain who managed the Able Danger program for the Pentagon’s Special Operations Command, comes forward and corroborates Shaffer’s claims. He says, “My story is consistent. Atta was identified by Able Danger in January-February of 2000.” Phillpott states that he was the officer who met with staff from the 9/11 Commission in July 2004, and told


hit on its north side, tilted about 8 degrees to the south, before starting to fall. [National Institute of Standards and Technology, 9/2005, pp. 300, 308 ] However, these findings are criticized by Canadian scientist Frank Greening. After examining photo and video evidence, Greening says that the South Tower tilted by no more than two degrees and the North Tower by no more than three degrees before collapse initiation. Greening also says that the tilt angles NIST gives cannot correspond to the downward movement of the towers’ walls NIST claims before they started to fall, and points out that the tilt angles NIST uses are inconsistent throughout its reports. Though Greening agrees with NIST that the towers were destroyed by the plane impacts and fire damage, he concludesthe 7/7 bombings, he did work with Pakistani militant leader Maulana Masood Azhar (in fact both were released in 1999 as part of a deal to end an airplane hijacking (see December 24-31, 1999)), and there are reports that two of the 7/7 bombers called Azhar and had dealings with others linked to Azhar’s militant group (see August 1, 2005).

A new version of a report by the 9/11 Commission on the FAA and 9/11, which was completed in August 2004, is publicly released. A heavily censored version of the same report came out in February 2005 (see February 10, 2005). Commission members complained that the deleted material included information crucial to understanding what went wrong on 9/11. The newly released version restores dozens of portions of the report,


in late 2001 in a militant training camp in the Philippines (see Late 2001). Meir Dagan, the head of the Mossad, apparently also tells MI5 that Husin helped plan and recruit volunteers for the bombings. The Mossad claims that Husin may have been in London at the time of the bombings, and then fled to al-Qaeda’s main safe haven in the tribal area of Pakistan, where he sometimes hides after bombings. Husin will be killed in a shootout in Indonesia in November 2005. [Thomas, 2007, pp. 520, 522] Later official British government reports about the 7/7 bombings will not mention Husin.

Imam Intikab Habib. [Source: Newsday]Imam Intikab Habib, who is due to be sworn in as New York City Fire Department’s second ever Muslim chaplain, expresses doubts about theblown, this will affect all his colleagues. To deal with this problem the officers were not to operate in the country where their front company was based, but were to take on a second alias before traveling to their target. Critics inside the agency said this arrangement was convoluted, and argued the CIA should focus on creating covers on platforms that can get US spies close to their most important targets, such as student aid organizations that work with Muslim students. The timing of the closures is unclear. They result from a review of the program instigated by CIA Director Porter Goss, who arrived at the agency in September 2004 (see September 24, 2004). The review is conducted by Rolf Mowatt-Larseen, head of the CIA’s European division, who


a speech, President Bush lists ten terrorist plots the US has supposedly foiled since 9/11, as well as five “casings and infiltrations.” Here are the plots, exactly as they are described in a White House press release, rearranged into a rough chronological order: West Coast Airliner Plot - In mid-2002 the US disrupted a plot to attack targets on the West Coast of the United States using hijacked airplanes. The plotters included at least one major operational planner involved in planning the events of 9/11. Jose Padilla Plot - In May 2002 the US disrupted a plot that involved blowing up apartment buildings in the United States. One of the plotters, Jose Padilla, also discussed the possibility of using a “dirty bomb” in the US. 2002 Straits ofHormuz Plot - In 2002 the US and partners disrupted a plot to attack ships transiting the Straits of Hormuz. 2002 Arabian Gulf Shipping Plot - In late 2002 and 2003 the US and a partner nation disrupted a plot by al-Qaeda operatives to attack ships in the Arabian Gulf. 2003 Karachi Plot - In the spring of 2003 the US and a partner disrupted a plot to attack Westerners at several targets in Karachi, Pakistan. East Coast Airliner Plot - In mid-2003 the US and a partner disrupted a plot to attack targets on the East Coast of the United States using hijacked commercial airplanes. 2003 Tourist Site Plot - In 2003 the US and a partner nation disrupted a plot to attack a tourist site outside


authorities arrested the individual. 2003 Tasking - In 2003, an individual was tasked by an al-Qaeda leader to conduct reconnaissance on populated areas in the US. Gas Station Tasking - In approximately 2003, an individual was tasked to collect targeting information on US gas stations and their support mechanisms on behalf of a senior al-Qaeda planner. Iyman Faris and the Brooklyn Bridge - In 2003, and in conjunction with a partner nation, the US government arrested and prosecuted Iyman Faris, who was exploring the destruction of the Brooklyn Bridge in New York. Faris ultimately pleaded guilty to providing material support to al-Qaeda and is now in a federal correctional institution. US Government & Tourist Sites Tasking - In 2003 and 2004, an individual was tasked by al-Qaeda toof Operations James Pavitt, and the former head of the CIA’s Counter Terrorism Center Cofer Black (see June 2005). Tenet in particular is faulted for focusing too little attention on combating al-Qaeda as a whole in the years prior to 9/11. However, he and others who are singled out strongly object to the report’s conclusions, and have prepared lengthy rebuttals. The 9/11 Congressional Inquiry, of which Goss was ironically the co-chairman, had formally requested the report in November 2002, as it was finishing its investigation. The 400-page document was completed in June 2004, but its release was delayed (see June-November 2004). John Helgerson finally delivered it to Congress in August 2005, and had urged Goss to convene “accountability boards” to assess the performance of officers it criticized. However,


Quintiere is a professor of fire protection engineering at the University of Maryland, with over 35 years of experience in fire research. He’d worked in the fire program at NIST for 19 years, and is a former chair of the International Association for Fire Safety Science, which is the principal world forum for fire research. In his statement presented at the hearing, Quintiere lists several specific concerns that he’d submitted to NIST, but which were never acknowledged or answered. These include: “Why were not alternative collapse hypotheses investigated and discussed as NIST had stated repeatedly that they would do?” “Spoliation of a fire scene is a basis for destroying a legal case in an investigation. Most of the steel [from the WTC] was discarded.… A careful reading ofCongressperson Jane Harman, the top Democrat on the committee, requested that the videotapes be preserved (see February 2003). Beginning in 2003 and continuing through 2005, White House officials, including White House deputy chief of staff Harriet Miers, requested that the videotapes be preserved (see Between 2003-Late 2005). In 2003, Justice Department lawyers also advised the CIA to preserve the videotapes (see 2003). Beginning in 2003, lawyers in the Zacarias Moussaoui trial have requested access to evidence of interrogations of al-Qaeda leaders like Zubaida. The CIA twice misinformed the judge in the trial about the existence of the videotapes (see May 7-9, 2003 and November 3-14, 2005). The trial will not be concluded until mid-2006 (see May 3, 2006). In September 2004, a judge rules the CIA has to


preserve all records about the treatment of detainees overseas, as part of a lawsuit filed by the American Civil Liberties Union. The videotapes of Zubaida and al-Nashiri would clearly qualify, since both are held overseas (see September 15, 2004). Beginning in May 2005, Sen. Jay Rockefeller of the Senate Intelligence Committee asked the CIA to preserve over 100 documents about the CIA interrogation program. One of the documents requested is a report about the videotapes of interrogations and their possible illegality (see May-September 2005). In June and July 2005, two judges ordered the CIA to preserve all evidence relevant to detainees being held in Guantanamo prison. The interrogation videotapes are indirectly relevant because the cases of some detainees hinge on their alleged ties to Zubaida (see June-July 2005).2004, he recanted his confession amid allegations that he was brutally tortured, and the CIA later determined his Iraq allegations were untrue (see February 14, 2004). In May 2007, a group of Democratic Congresspeople will write President Bush, asking if al-Libi was tortured and/or renditioned to Egypt to be tortured, and also asking, “Where is al-Libi today?” Human-rights groups and others suspect the Bush administration is hiding al-Libi and concealing key information about him because of the potential political and legal ramifications about his torture, as well as his false confession that helped lead to war with Iraq. While the White House has yet to respond to queries about al-Libi, Newsweek will later claim that al-Libi, a Libyan, has been quietly returned to Libya and is being secretly


Congress, which imposed conditions before military relations could be reestablished. In particular, the Indonesian military was required to account for some atrocities, especially the alleged killing of several US teachers by Indonesian soldiers in the province of West Papua in 2002 (see August 31, 2002). Indonesia had yet to fulfill these conditions, but earlier in the month Congress inserted a loophole in the law, allowing the restrictions to be waived by the Bush administration if it was found necessary for national security reasons. The Bush administration uses the loophole during Thanksgiving vacation while Congress is out of session, despite the lack of any new national security reason to do so. The lifting of restrictions still falls short of full military relations the US has with most other countriesHouse after an in-house revolt by many Justice officials threw administration policies on torture and domestic surveillance into doubt (see Late 2003-2005). Though the public debate on torture becomes ever more pervasive during President Bush’s second term, the two rulings will remain in effect through the end of 2007 and beyond, helping the White House give US officials the broadest possible legal latitude for abusing and torturing prisoners. As late as October 2007, the White House will insist that it has always followed US and international law in its authorization of interrogation practices. Those assurances will be countered by an array of current and former officials involved in counterterrorism (see October 3, 2007). [New York Times, 10/4/2007] In 2007, Jameel Jaffer of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)


of 2005. (She also will claim they lived in a nearby town for two and a half years prior to that (see 2003-Late 2005).) Bin Laden and members of his family will hide inside the Abbottabad compound for five years until he is killed there in May 2011 (see May 2, 2011). [Dawn (Karachi), 5/7/2011; New York Times, 6/23/2011]

Deputy Director of National Intelligence Michael Hayden learns that the CIA has videotaped some detainee interrogations (see Spring-Late 2002). Hayden will later say he finds this out towards the end of his time as deputy director of national intelligence, a position he leaves in May 2006. Although the tapes were destroyed several months previously (see November 2005), Hayden will later say he is not aware of their destruction at thisUS (see August 6, 2003).

At some point in 2006, an unnamed senior ISI (Pakistani intelligence) official admits that militant leader Jalaluddin Haqqani is a Pakistani asset. The official makes the comment after being asked by a New York Times reporter why the Pakistani military has not moved against Haqqani. Haqqani is head of the Haqqani network, a semi-autonomous branch of the Taliban, based in Pakistan, that is launching attacks against US forces in Afghanistan. [New York Times, 6/17/2008] In 2008, US intelligence will similarly overhear the head of Pakistan’s military call Haqqani a “strategic asset” (see May 2008).

Former CIA Director George Tenet will write in 2007, “It is my understanding that in 2006, new intelligence was obtained that proved beyond any doubt that the man seen meeting with


[a] member of the Iraqi intelligence service in Prague in 2001 was not Mohamed Atta.” [Tenet, 2007, pp. 355]

Over the course of 2006, the Taliban and al-Qaeda are able to increase their control over the Pakistani tribal regions where both groups are based. More than 120 tribal elders who oppose them are executed during the year. Al-Qaeda feels so secure that its media production arm, As-Sahab, greatly increases its output, releasing 58 audio and videotapes, which is three times as many as in 2005. Militant groups are particularly secure in the region of Waziristan. The Pakistani government made a deal with militants in South Waziristan in 2005 (see February 7, 2005), which still holds, and makes a similar deal with militants in North Waziristan in September 2006 (seeSeptember 5, 2006). [Rashid, 2008, pp. 278]

Ahmed Khalil Ibrahim Samir al-Ani, an Iraqi intelligence agent captured by the US after the invasion of Iraq in 2003 (see June 2004), is quietly released. Al-Ani gained notoriety after 9/11 when Bush administration officials claimed he had a meeting with 9/11 hijacker Mohamed Atta in Prague, in the Czech Republic (see April 8, 2001). These allegations were eventually debunked (see September 18, 2001-April 2007). He had been secretly detained by the CIA at an unknown location since his capture. He will make the news again in mid-2007 when Czech officials reveal that he has filed a multimillion-dollar lawsuit against the Czech government, charging that unfounded Czech intelligence reports resulted in his imprisonment by the CIA. [Washington Post, 10/27/2007]

After 9/11 and, in


But in 2007, US analysts will learn Ahmed’s first name as well (see 2007).

For “much of 2006,” US intelligence has been tracking high-ranking al-Qaeda leader Mustafa Abu al-Yazid (a.k.a. Sheik Saiid al-Masri) in the mountains of Pakistan. US commanders have been pressing Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for an operation to capture al-Yazid. However, Rumsfeld is reluctant to approve the mission. He is reportedly worried about US military casualties and a popular backlash in Pakistan. Finally, in early November 2006, Rumsfeld approves a plan for Navy Seals and Delta Force commandos to capture al-Yazid in Pakistan. But several days later, on November 8, Rumsfeld resigns one day after Republican losses in the US congressional mid-term elections (see November 6-December 18, 2006). The operation is put on hold again. TheKoranic verses and trying to dictate the direction of the discussion. Some of the things he says are damaging to him, for example he thinks the Jews control the media and banks, as well as having a hold over Western political leaders. He admits running a newsletter for Algerian radicals and being in constant telephone contact with their leaders (see Before October 1997), but claims he never actually read the encyclopedia of jihad because he is not a military man. He also says he had no idea that tapes of his sermons were being sold around Britain, nor can he recall the places he has preached up and down the country. He was an informer for MI5 and Special Branch (see Early 1997) and told them about his


preaching. They said it was okay, so he simply carried on with it. Hamza Convicted - He is convicted on 11 counts and acquitted on four, three of soliciting to murder, and one of inciting racial hatred. He gets seven years’ imprisonment for each of the six counts of soliciting murder, 21 months each for the three charges of inciting racial hatred, three years for possessing the tapes, and three and a half years for possessing the encyclopaedia. However, these sentences will run concurrently, meaning he will only be in jail for seven years. US authorities say that after he is released they may request his extradition to the US for crimes he is wanted for there (see May 27, 2004). [O'Neill and McGrory, 2006, pp. 168-169, 296-313]

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Phillip Hammonds

Phillip D. Hammonds, 59, of Manchester, formerly of South Webster, died Wednesday Dec. 12, 2012, at home. He was born Sept. 6, 1953, in Lyra, a son of the late Grover and Edith Rudd Hammonds. He is survived by a daughter, Tracy Hammonds of Manchester; two brothers, Jim (Linda) Hammonds of Lyra and Jerry (Candy) Hammonds of South Webster and a sister, LaVonda Grooms of Tulsa , Okla.; three grandchildren, Jazlyn Rust, Jade Rust and Shana Bryant.

He was also preceded in death by two brothers, Jack and Joe Hammonds. Graveside services will be 1:15 p.m. Saturday,


now estimate that Iran needs about 18 months to complete a nuclear device and a missile to carry it."
His point — that those...

Yaffa Yarkoni, a singer who entertained Israeli soldiers on the front lines for half a century and later reaped public censure for her outspoken criticism of the military's treatment of Palestinians, died Sundayof Alzheimer's disease in Tel Aviv. She...

Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, a former Israeli military chief revered as a daring commando and admired general before he went on to become a Cabinet minister, died Wednesday in Jerusalem. He was 68 and had cancer.
Lipkin-Shahak's term as military chief in the...

Rabbi Yosef Shalom Elyashiv, considered one of his generation's most influential religious arbiters, died Wednesday at Jerusalem's Shaare Zedek Medical Center. He was 102 and had been in decliningIsraeli militants who support the settlement movement infiltrated an army regional division headquarters in the West Bank, set tires on fire, vandalized vehicles and scattered nails on the road. Senior officers also were attacked with rock

According to schedule, Benjamin Netanyahu's government has until November 2013 before elections but a recent flurry of activity is injecting new life into the Israeli political system and shaking it up a bit.

Iran, United States, Israel, nuclear, Strait of Hormuz: The deepening standoff between Tehran and the West over Iran's nuclear program has Iranians chatting nervously in butcher shops, grocery aisles and money exchanges.

Three explosions rattled downtown Bangkok on Tuesday, a day after bombers targeted Israeli embassy staff in India and Georgia, and police announced that at least one of the suspects in


Thailand's capital is an Iranian national.

Israel’s military on Monday issued an ultimatum to about 100 Jewish settlers who seized control of a three-story building they claim they purchased in the flashpoint West Bank city of Hebron, where violence between Palestinians and Israelis is common.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu intervened Tuesday on behalf of Jewish settlers who last week took occupancy of a disputed building in the restive West Bank city of Hebron, requesting that a military order to evict them be postponed. But the DefenseQuebec

In 2008 the 12th Duke and Duchess re-established ‘Quebec’, a long-overgrown area below the Canal Pond. The 9th Duke may have named this area on his return from bring Governor-General of Canada. When this area was cleared, a cascade dating from the early 1700s was revealed.

Déjeuner sur l’Herbe, by the sculptor and artist, Allen Jones is situated at the south end of Quebec.

RHS Chatsworth Flower Show

We are delighted to be welcoming the RHS to Chatsworth for the first of many memorable flower shows. Bold and innovative this new show is set to be simply amazing.


When Americans are given a choice, Donald Trump has a knack for coming in second place – and not just in the presidential popular vote. Gallup reported today on which national figures Americans admire most:

[F]ormer President Barack Obama was the winner among men for the 11th consecutive year, including one year as president-elect, eight as president and two as former president. President Donald Trump ranks second for the fourth year in a row. Gallup’s annual survey, conducted Dec. 3-12 this year, asks Americans, in an open-ended question, to name the man and woman living anywhere in the world today whom they admire most. Gallup first asked the question in 1946 and has done so every year since, except 1976.

Looking back at our coverage from one year ago today,Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from June 2000 to February 2012.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling pain condition with sensory, motor and autonomic manifestations. Uncertainty remains about how CRPS can be effectively managed. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for treatment and prophylactic interventions for CRPS published during the period 2000-2012, building on previous work by another group reviewing the period 1966-2000. Bibliographic database searches identified 173 papers which were filtered by three reviewers. This process generated 29 trials suitable for further analysis, each of which was reviewed and scored by two independent reviewers for methodological quality using a 15-item checklist. A number of novel and potentially effective treatments were investigated.


securing that interest to Darby. That count asked for relief in the form of reformation of the deed or the impressment of a lien on Terry's one-half interest, plus interest from the date of the deed.
Counts Two through Six claimed damages for Terry Lamb's failure to pay certain promissory notes executed by Lamb and delivered to Darby.
Count Seven claimed damages on an account stated.
On July 30, 1980, Terry Lamb filed a plea to the venue of the executor's action, alleging that he "now is and [was] at all times in which the matters alleged in the complaint are claimed to have happened a resident citizen of Marshall County ..." and moved that the cause be transferred to that county. After the defendant filed a jury demand, that pleaJustice Supreme

http://www.NewsAndOpinion.com |
A nation's identity consists of braided memories, which are nourished by diligence at civic commemorations. It is, therefore, disappointing that at this moment of keen interest in the Supreme Court and the office of chief justice, scant attention has been paid to the 250th anniversary of the birth of the nation's greatest jurist, Chief Justice John Marshall.

The oldest of the family's 15 children, he was born Sept. 24, 1755, into Virginia rusticity where women pinned their blouses with thorns. Yet he developed the most urbane and subtle mind of that era of remarkable statecraft. He was a member of Virginia's ratifying convention, and in nearly 35 years as chief justice he founded American constitutional law. That kind of legal reasoning by Supreme Court justices is a


continuous exegesis of the Constitution and is sometimes not easily distinguished from a continuing writing of the document.

Marshall is the most important American never to have been president. Because of his shaping effect on the soft wax of the young republic, his historic importance is greater than that of all but two presidents Washington and Lincoln.

Without Marshall's landmark opinions defining the national government's powers, the government Washington founded might not have acquired competencies and society might not have developed the economic sinews sufficient to enable Lincoln to preserve the Union.

Article I, Section 8, enumerates Congress' powers, and then empowers Congress "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers." Marshall's construction of the "necessary and proper" clause shaped the law,and the nation's consciousness of itself.

Did Congress have the power unenumerated but implied to charter a national bank? In 1819, 42 years before Lincoln grappled with unprecedented exigencies, Marshall ruled:

"Throughout this vast republic, from the St. Croix to the Gulph of Mexico, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, revenue is to be collected and expended, armies are to be marched and supported. The exigencies of the nation may require that the treasure raised in the north should be transported to the south. . . . Is that construction of the constitution to be preferred which would render these operations difficult, hazardous, and expensive?"

Two years later he held that "we are one people" in war, in making peace and third, but not of tertiary importance in "all commercial regulations."

The


Framers' fundamental task was to create a federal government with powers impervious to encroachments by the states. The Framers had been frightened by the states' excesses in using political power on behalf of debtors against creditors and to limit competition by mercantilistic practices such as granting monopolies. Marshall made constitutional law a bulwark of the sanctity of contracts, the bedrock of America's enterprise culture. And by protecting the private rights essential to aspirational individualism, Marshall's court legitimized an inequality not of opportunity but of outcomes compatible with a republic's values.

When in 1801 Marshall was nominated to be chief justice, the nation still largely had an Articles of Confederation mentality. Formally, it was a nation; emotionally hence, actually it was still in many ways many countries, most states beingolder than and more warmly embraced than the nation. Marshall's jurisprudence built the bridge to 1862, the year it became clear that many men would have to die in a protracted conflict to preserve the Union, and that many would be willing to do so.

Marshall had been willing to die to help midwife the nation's birth, seeing hard action during the Revolutionary War. Amiably sociable and broadly tolerant, he had friends of vastly different political persuasions and the only adversary he seems to have steadily disliked was a second cousin named Thomas Jefferson, in part because of Jefferson's partisan criticisms of Washington, who Marshall celebrated, in an immense biography, as the symbol of a national identity transcending state loyalties.

Among the many recent fine biographies of America's Founders, none


is finer than Jean Edward Smith's "John Marshall: Definer of a Nation" (1996). Smith locates Marshall's greatness in this fact: Unlike Britain's constitutional documents, which are political documents that it is Parliament's prerogative to construe, the U.S. Constitution is a legal document construed by courts, not Congress. When judicial supervision of our democracy seems tiresome, consider the alternative.

Marshall's life of strong, consequential prose had, Smith writes, a poetic coda. Marshall died in Philadelphia, birthplace of the Constitution into which he breathed so much strength and meaning. The Liberty Bell, while tolling his death, cracked. It never rang again.

Every weekday JewishWorldReview.com publishes what many in Washington and in the media consider "must reading."
Sign up for the daily JWR update. It's free. Just click here.

George Will's latest book is "Withinputs.The idea behind the survey is to map the current scenario in India and to create a benchmark for engineering colleges to follow, said Tushar Garg of the CIIs higher education department.The AICTE will rank the top 50 colleges based on seven parameters governance,curriculum,faculty,infrastructure,services,entrepreneurship and innovation,and placements.Maximum weightage will be given to colleges that have the highest number of research projects,technology transfers to industry,and the highest number of students recruited through campus placements.A document from the AICTE explains the import of the initiative: Globally,excellence in higher education,especially engineering education,has thrived on robust industry linkages and collaborations.Producing quality human resource and contributing to social and economic development through research are two vital indicators of excellence of engineering institutions. The survey will showcase the best practices in AICTE-approved institutes in


chemical,civil,computer and information technology,electrical,electronics and communication and mechanical engineering departments.The industry linkages of colleges will be obtained through a survey and the feedback analysed.The survey will capture success stories and best practices of industry-institute ties and create a roadmap for others to follow.AICTE accredited engineering institutions and university departments that offer a bachelors degree in at least three of the six streams for at least 10 years are eligible to take part in the survey.As part of this initiative,three institutions stand a chance of being given the Overall Best Engineering Institute award.There will also be six awards (one for each engineering discipline) for the Best Engineering Institute,and 18 awards (three for each stream) for the Best Engineering Faculty.The awardees will get a citation,trophy and cash award.A compendium carryingof faculty members are against government intervention,as they thinkitwouldfurther politicise the matter.Vice-chancellor G Thiruvasagam and controller of exams T Leo Alexander,who relinquished the charge of registrar following the scam,were appointed by the previous DMK regime.Sources say the government is looking at the visitation clause, a provision in the Madras University Act,1923,which allows the government to access the university records and registers.But academic expertssayinvoking such a clause is virtually impossible at this stage as the university is an autonomous body with its own competent rules.The university takes disciplinary action under the Tamil Nadu Civil Services (TNCS )Act.A visitation clausecouldbe invokedonly if the government can prove that the syndicate and the senate have failed to take action or respond to the queries raised by the government, said a senior academician


the conduct of the May and June 2011 examinations of distance education and B E/ BTech,and there was no restriction on naming others, said a source.

WHAT THE ACT SAYS

Visitation Clause,Chapter III in the Madras University Act,allows the government to conduct an inspection in the university for the cause of an inquiry

IT HAS THREE CRUCIAL STAGES

The need for an inspection has to be first informed to the universitys senate and syndicate Both bodies have to respond to the governments query explaining the actions they have taken on the issues/complaints as per the university rule The government can intervene in the issue only if the university fails to respond or give a convincing answer

Chennai: In the wake of the exam scandal in the University of Madras,a professors forum petitioned thestate government seeking its intervention to improve the sorry state of affairs in the university.The forum has also demanded that the crime branch inquire into the malpractices and irregularities reported in the conduct of May 2011 distance education examinations and June 2011 BE/BTech examination.According tosources,one of the demands in the letter is to counter the Madras University Act,1923,one of the oldest University Act in south Asia.The act gives power to the university to constitute its own internal bodies for scientific inquiries and investigations.Last week,the University of Madras replaced its registrar (in charge ) Leo Alexander after an internal investigation named him in the list of 51 officials involved in the scandal,benefiting nearly 450 students.

Chennai: The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) is planning to withdraw approval for


a few engineering colleges in the state for not having adequate infrastructure.The council has issued show-cause notices to 71 institutions,including several engineering colleges,as they did not have the required infrastructure or faculty as per AICTE norms.Inspection of colleges some random and some others on complaints have revealed thatseveralin thestatewere violating norms.All the colleges have sent in their responses to the notice.The AICTEs decision is pending.When the offenceisof grave nature,AICTE considersthewithdrawalof approval to these colleges.Some of the colleges fit into this category, said a senior official.Last year,AICTE withdrew approval to four engineering colleges in the state.The approval for Dr GU Pope College of Engineering,Jayaraj Annapackiam CSI College of Engineering,PadmavathiCollegeof Engineering and VKK Vijayan Engineering Colleges was withdrawn.Many engineering colleges get conditional approval from the council when they start withwith 2D barcodes.The university has been spurred into action following allegations of large-scale malpractices in the BE/ BTech exams and distance education exams held in May-June 2011.Nearly 450 students had taken the exams.Those privy to the investigation said there were several malpractices besides manual correction of marks.Several records of the exams were missing.Whiteners were used to correct marks.Fifty-one officers including the control of exams,section officers and personal assistants have been named in the report, he added.

Chennai: The University of Madras examination fraud which could cost 51 officials their jobs was not without its moments of irony.Official sources said controller of exams T Leo Alexander,who relinquished the post of registrar on Thursday,had to sign the chargesheets against 30 officials fully knowing that a second list of accused included his


own name.Alexander signed the chargesheets of 30 officials on Tuesday,by when a second investigation report had named him.Some officials feel this in itself is improper.When contacted,vice-chancellor G Thiruvasagam said the chargesheets were sent on Tuesday and it was signed by the then registrar-in-charge.Alexanders name is among the second batch of 21 officials included by the K Subburaj committee that investigated irregularities into the conduct and valuation of BE/ BTech and distance education exams in May-June 2011.The investigation had found that mark sheets of several candidates were tampered with.A syndicate meeting on May 31 that went on till 10.30 pm witnessed heated arguments among a majority of the syndicate members who demanded Alexanders ouster,and a few others who stood by the official.Finally,the decision went against Alexander.Sources said the discussionon the report began at 8.30pm,as the last agenda.After the vice-chancellor read out excerpts from the Subburaj committee report,a majority of syndicate members asked him to read out the 51 names mentioned in the report.That is when Alexanders name came out.A section of members led by a civil engineer tried to defend Alexander and claimed that the committee had exceeded the terms of reference by going beyond the findings of the previous S Karunanidhi committee.The Subburaj committee did not have the mandate to indict more people,they argued.A majority of the syndicate members,mostly academic members,put down this argument and the syndicate accepted the report,excluding only a suggestion to initiate police and legal action against the named officials.Several senior faculty members in the university said the VC should take serious


action against all the officials who are found involved in the exam malpractice.This institution is more than 150 years old and it has a great tradition.The VC should have the courage to take action against bad elements and say no to political influences that try to protect the erring officials, said a professor.On Friday,the vice-chancellor told TOI that he had sought explanation from the 30 officials named in the Karunanidhi report.We will take a decision within 15 days, he had said.

30 Madras University Staff Face Action For Exam Fraud,21 More In The Firing Line As Registrar Steps Down

Arun Janardhanan | TNN

The removal of T Leo Alexander as the registrarin-chargeof University of Madras is the first of a series of corrective steps that the university has decided to takeRules,which includes suspension from service.The Subburaj Committee included experts including a retired director general of police,a deputy secretary and an undersecretary to the Tamil Nadu government.arun.j@timesgroup.com

THE CHARGES

1

in Institute Manipulation 2011 of Distance found in Education examinations,University conducted of Madras by the,May

2

examinations in Procedural June 2011 lapses BE,BTech detected

TIMELINE

May,June 2011 |

Large-scale irregularities in examinations are reported in the University of Madras.The university syndicate appoints a committee,headed by Prof.S.Karunanidhi,to probe allegations

The Subburaj Committee submits report.Says nexus is larger than thought.Names 21 more officials,including the present controller of exams

June 2012 |

The vicechancellor orders removal of controller of exams from his additional post as registrar to facilitate further inquiries

TAKEN TO TASK

A committee headed by Prof.S.Karunanidhi chargesheeted 23 staff members and seven exam superintendents of the University of Madras,who were in charge of


examination procedures,in its December 2011 report.Based on the charges of the Karunanidhi Committee,Madras university vice-chancellor Dr G Thiruvasagam appointed a fresh committee headed by the syndicate member K Subburaj.He was assisted by senior government officials,including a retired DGP.The Subburaj committee report named 51 officials,including the 30 in the Karunanidhi committee report,The current controller of examinations,Lio Alexander,was also in the list

Chennai: University of Madras has replaced its registrar following a controversy over a rigged exam.T Leo Alexander,holding charge as registrar since June 2011,has been relieved of his post after a committee found him and 50 other university staff responsible for lapses in the 2011 BE/BTech and distance education exams.Koteeswara Prasad,former head of the universitys department of politics and public administration,has taken over the administrators post.Prasad occupies the Rajiv Gandhichair instituted by the Union government in the university.The action comes in the wake of demands for disciplinary action against Alexander and the others after a syndicate meeting upheld a panel report that indicted them in the exam scandal.Allegations of irregularities in BE/BTech and distance education exams surfaced following an internal audit in mid-2011.The audit found that many officials were involved in malpractices,which benefited more than 200 students who took a re-exam last year after failing to clear their papers more than 10 years ago.When contacted,Alexander refused to comment.He continues to be the controller of exams.Vice-chancellor G Thiruvasagam had constituted the K Subburaj committee to go into the allegations again after the S Karunanidhi commission in December 2011 found 30 officials responsible for the lapses.The Subburaj committee upheld


the findings of the earlier report and added 21 names,including that of Alexander who was the controller of exams when the irregularities took place.

Chennai: A director of a deemed university on the outskirts of the city hanged herself at her residence in Selaiyur on Wednesday evening,police said.Police said Rajini,35,who worked as a lecturer at Bharath Deemed University where she was also a director along with her husband Sridhar,didnt report for work on Wednesday.Her husband,a lecturer at the university,had left for work and the couples two children were at school.In the afternoon,Rajini sent her driver to get medicines for her headache from a particular pharmacy in Tambaram.When the driver returned he found the door of the house in the Ex-Servicemens Enclave locked.He peeped in through the window and foundTamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University after nearly four years,following the Madras high courts directions.Thirty-eight PG dental seats in six colleges and 33 PG medical seats in two colleges were allotted on Wednesday.The medical and dental councils mandate that colleges should surrender 50% of PG seats for admission through the single window system.Based on a petition,the Madras high court had ordered admission through counselling,where the rule of merit and reservation is followed.On Thursday,the students took the allotment orders to the respective colleges but were refused admission.The college officials refused to give acknowledgement letters and said they would contact us once a final decision in the matter was made, said Dr TK Diwakar,a student.The Indian Dental Association (IDA) is planning a gherao at the directorate of medical association office


requested the final hearing of the matter in the last week of June 2012 itself.On April 24,passing interim orders on a public interest writ petition filed by the Indian Dental Association,the high court had restrained all colleges from admitting students without following the merit list published by the Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University which conducts entrance examination.The PIL,alleging largescale irregularities in admissions,wanted the university to be directed to monitor and supervise the admission process in these institutions.Aggrieved,three institutions KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research,Tiruchengode;Sri Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences,Kanyakumari;and JKK Natarajah Dental College and Hospital,Komarapalayam had sought to vacate the stay.Noting that they followed the Dental Council of India-stipulated regulations in admission process,they said the admissions were on the basis of an entrance examination conducted bythe Tamil Nadu Private Dental Colleges Association.It is not proper to restrain these colleges from proceeding with the admission process,they said,adding that the interim order had virtually prevented them from proceeding further in the matter.Acceding to their submissions,the judges modified the April 27 order,saying it had been causing hindrance to these institutions from proceeding further with their regular admission works.

Chennai: The University of Madras has rejected a research scholars doctoral thesis on charges of plagiarism and has banned the student from re-registering for the degree at the university.Plagiarism has affected the quality of research papers.Quality is very important.With this action,we want to send out a strong message that the University of Madras will not stand by such practices and ask colleges and guides to be very careful while


selecting projects, vice-chancellor G Thiruvasagam said.Declining to reveal the name of the candidate or his guide,Thiruvasagam said,The foreign examiners who looked through the candidates thesis refused to recommend a PhD saying some passages were copied from other articles.Local examiners had cleared the thesis. He said action would also be taken against the guide.It is the guides responsibility to be cautious while checking the thesis for such issues, Thiruvasagam said.The vice-chancellor said the university had been receiving several complaints about plagiarized research papers when he was attending a public event in February.He said the university was considering procuring a software called Turnitin for Rs 15 lakh to check for plagiarized passages in research papers.Speaking to TOI on Saturday,Thiruvasagam said the university would use software that can be accessed throughInflibnet,an autonomous body of the University Grants Commission that allows sharing of library and information resources among academic and research institutions.Plagiarism reared its ugly head in February when a top scientist and advisor to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh,CNR Rao,had to apologize to a leading scientific journal for reproducing work by other scientists in a research paper.The corresponding authors sincerely apologize to the readers,reviewers,and editors for this oversight and for any miscommunication, Rao and his co-author S B Krupanidhi had said in an apology.

Medical seats start at 35 lakh for colleges affiliated to MGR University.A seat in a deemed university costs 28 lakh to 30 lakh.Sinha offers medical seats in Chennai Medical College,Raja Muthiah College,Sathya Sai Medical College and Meenakshi Medical college,among others.Medical seats are cheaper elsewhere,with seats in


necessary that information about name sof doctors who are found guilty by the ethics committee of medical negligence or misconduct are displayed on the website of the MCI said chief information commissioner Shailsh Gandhi.The order was in response to an application by S P Mancharida who had sought information related to the MCI decision holding four doctors from Max Hospital Pitampura guilt of medical negligence.TNN

Coimbatore: Directorate of Vigilance and Anti-Corruption (DVAC) officials on Wednesday raided the office and residence of Tamil Nadu Agriculture University (TNAU) vice-chancellor and the office of its registrar in Coimbatore in connection with alleged malpractices in the purchase of cane harvesters.The officials filed an FIR against the vice-chancellor,P Murugesa Boopathi,and K R Ananthasainam,managing director of Elseetee Agro Machineries India Private Limited,after day-long raids atfor fresh purchases were placed with the same firm at the same rate without taking concurrence of the board and without putting any condition for rectifying defects noticed during the previous purchase,DVAC said.DVAC concluded that Boopathi misused his official position by overruling TNAU authorities and deliberately misinforming them that the board had approved the repeat orders.Incidentally,the disgraced VC was the private secretary of former DMK minister Veerapandi Arumugam.We did not indulge in any misappropriation in the supply of these equipments.We did not deviate from any of the norms in the tender floated by the university for procuring the equipment, Ananthasainam said.DVAC sleuths also raided Boopathis residence in Chennai besides the office of the dean of Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute,Coimbatore,office of the professor and head of Agricultural


Machinery Research Centre at the TNAU campus,office of the company and the residence of the firms managing director.

IN THE DOCK: The residence of TNAU VC Murugesa Boopathi (right) in Coimbatore was raided on Wednesday

Hyderabad/Chennai: The entrance examination of Chennai-based SRM deemed university was cancelled following a question paper leak in Hyderabad on Sunday.Nearly 1.5 lakh students,mostly from south India,were scheduled to write the university's entrance examination for admission to B Tech courses at 10am on Sunday.A Hyderabad-based techie and former student of the same university,Praneeth (25),was arrested for trying to sell copies of the question paper along with the answer key to students on May 5.Praneeth,originally from Khammam district,is an employee of a Jubilee Hills-based software firm,Indosoft International,police said.It was a local news channel that caught Praneeth oncamera while he was trying to sell the question paper.Praneeth had fixed a rate of Rs 50,000 to Rs 60,000 for the paper and its answer key.The TV crew handed him over to the local Madhapur police on Saturday night.A case was booked against him under IPC 320 (cheating) and the AP Educational Act.About 30,000 students from Andhra Pradesh had applied for the university's entrance examination.AP is the second highest contributor of students for SRM University,which is one of Tamil Nadus leading deemed universities and conducts entrance tests in all states in the country.Madhapur police officials said the question paper was also being traded online to students based in other states including Tamil Nadu.The test had already been conducted across many centres before university registrar N Sethuraman announced


so long as such institutions are unaided by the state,except to the limited extent that regulation can be made for ensuring excellence in education. Perhaps building on the special protection in the Constitution as well as judicial pronouncements,the division bench has now permitted an additional percentage of school development fund to maintain the cultural network for minority educational institutions run by Catholic groups.The bench has also frowned upon the fee determination committee for having refused to accept Christmas bonus given to staff members in minority-run institutions and money spent on other religious activities,while proposing the fee structure.Minority institutions have their own cultural and social identity.The character of the institutions is sought to be tampered with by restricting the expenditure on certain heads relating to minority cultural activities likeChristmas bonus to the staff and such other minority cultural activitiesAny restriction on the financial transaction of the minority schools would amount to dismember the cultural network of the minority institutions.Such disallowing of expenses would negate the right of minority institutions to retain their character as minority institutions. The committees attempt to frame a teacher-student ratio and teacher-non-teaching staff ratio,besides limiting their salary expenses to 60% of the total school budget,too,did not find favour with the committee.Noting that such restrictions would cripple minority institutions,the division bench said: We find that the committee unjustly restricted the strength of teaching staff as well as nonteaching staff.The committee ought to have accepted the strength of teaching and nonteaching staff as submitted by the institutions.Restriction of number has resulted in deficit for


can perform surgeries, the letter said.In July 2011,the university passed a resolution in the governing council revising the syllabus for Indian medicine.Dr Natarajan said the university would remove surgery from the nomenclature of degrees awarded to students of Indian medicine so that they would only be bachelor of siddha/ unani / ayurveda/ homeopathy medicine and not bachelor of siddha unani/ ayurveda/ homeopathy medicine and surgery.On August 17,the Central Council of Indian Medicine threatened to withdraw recognition to the state medical university.Students boycotted classes as they feared their courses could become invalid.Following this,state health minister VS Vijay assured students and practitioners that the decisions had been withdrawn.The Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association has written to Azad urging him to deny the universitys request.Association president Dr M Selvin Innocent Dhasalleged that the VC was stealthily trying to use offices of the minister to change degree titles.TNN

Mumbai: Performance-enhancing drugs are no longer restricted to the high-stakes world of professional sports.Eleven participants at the 57National School Games in Delhifrom Maharashtra,Punjab and Uttar Pradesh,and aged between 14 and 19tested positive for such substances earlier this year.Alarmed by the dangerous trend,the governments National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) shot off a letter to various educational boards and universities across the country,asking them to ensure dope-free sports.The agency also wanted school authorities to keep a strict vigil on coaches and other sport-support personnel who are closely associated with schoolchildren.It was the first time that NADA officials tested school athletes and published the data.The ICSE board recently uploaded the circular on its website.More than 7,000


students had participated in the event.The agency collected 81 random samples from three categorieswrestling (30),boxing (31) and weightlifting (20).The analytical report of the National Dope Testing Laboratory showed up 11 samples containing prohibited substances.The occurrence of such positive results at the school level is a disturbing trend.NADA,being the regulatory body,is extremely concerned about it and has already written to the School Games Federation to review the matter, said Rahul Bhatnagar,director-general,NADA,in a letter to various educational boards.The championship was organized jointly by the School Games Federation of India and the Director of Education (Sports) of Delhi.While NADA officials were expecting to find use of anabolic steroids,they were surprised to discover that marijuana abuse was on the rise among school-level athletes.In its circular,the agencys officials have emphasized that education boardshad challenged the fee structure.We have been contesting the methodology using which the fee structure was drawn.If the courts direction includes guidelines on how the fee structure should be reviewed,it will not only help the schools that had appealed in court,but also others who havent.It will also give stakeholders a clear idea of how the committee arrived at the fee structure, said P Vishnucharan,correspondent of Shree Niketan Matriculation School,one of the schools that appealed against the fee structure drawn up by Justice (retd) K Raviraja Pandian in court.After parents of a private unaided school in Coimbatore took to the streets in 2009 protesting the high fee charged by the school,the state government drew up the Tamil Nadu Schools (Regulation of Collection of Fee) Act 2009.A fee determination committee


formed under the Act with Justice (retd) K Govindarajan as chairman drew up the first fee structure in May 2010 and said that it was applicable for three years.Two academic years hence,there is still friction among school managements and parents.Schools other than those that had appealed against the fee structure hope that when they get a chance to submit their fee structure for revision at the end of three years,the guidelines prescribed by the court will be used rather than the present calculation.Many schools that did not accept the revised fee structure proposed by the Justice Raviraja Pandian fee committee chose to appeal against it with the fee committee instead of going to court.There are others who did not appeal against the first fee structure prescribed by thethe HRD Ministry and the notifications /circulars of the Dental Council of India (DCI).Dr Shivakumar said the only credible way to determine merit was a competitive test or a common admission test.The admission in respect of MDS courses in government quota was common entrance test,which was widely publicised and was transparently conducted by the state medical university,in consonance with the notification of the DCI,the petitioner added.Expressing the associations apprehension of irregularities in admissions to PG courses during the coming academic year,the petitioner said colleges and institutions had been attempting to evade the due process of law and conduct the admissions in an unfair manner for ulterior reasons.Citing complaints received during the previous academic years,he further said the institutions had flouted laws,rules and regulations by conducting an admission process


not excessive.
The relevant facts are as follows: On June 27, 1974, Hampton's friend, Calvin Hodge, met Hampton at his home about 3:00 p.m. Hampton had recently been involved in an automobile accident in which he had suffered a badly broken leg. At this time, Hampton was in a full-leg cast and was unable to move about freely.[1] Hodge went to a liquor store and returned with a fifth of bourbon and 2 six-packs of 16-ounce beers. Hodge testified that they drank approximately two glasses of bourbon and one beer apiece. At Hampton's suggestion, they went out to buy a gun. Hampton purchased a .357 Smith and Wesson Model 28 revolver and one box of .357 hollow point bullets. They bought another fifth of bourbon, 2 more six-packs andsome chicken before returning to the apartment. They spent the next 2-3 hours playing records, drinking and eating. At Hodge's suggestion, they decided to ride around the Anchorage downtown area. Then at Hampton's request, they went to the home of Jerry Berfield to obtain something to deaden the pain Hampton was experiencing. Hampton received heroin from Berfield which was injected into his body. Hampton and Hodge remained at Berfield's watching television and drinking. Hampton fell asleep; after he had awakened, Hodge left the room. While Hodge was out of the room, Hampton allegedly shot Berfield five times with the gun he had previously purchased. Hodge and Mrs. Berfield (Berfield's ex-wife), neither of whom actually saw Hampton shoot Berfield,[2] ran out of the house.
When Officers Hyde and Moen of


the Anchorage Police Department arrived, Hampton was seated near Berfield's body. When they entered and saw a revolver near Hampton, one officer pointed his weapon at Hampton and told him not to touch the gun. He testified that Hampton stated, "[M]ove it [the gun] before I shoot somebody else." The other officer gave Hampton his Miranda warnings. Hampton asserted that he knew his rights and did not want to talk. Hampton was helped out of the house and was taken to the police station. At the police station, Hampton was interviewed by Officer Rice. Rice testified that he advised Hampton of his rights and that Hampton interrupted him, stating that he knew his rights and that it was a waste of time. Rice completed reading the Miranda form.those rights. Hampton sought suppression of the statements made to Investigator Pennington on the ground that they were the fruit of the previous unconstitutionally obtained statements. After a lengthy evidentiary hearing, the motion to suppress was denied.[4]
Hampton has advanced a twofold constitutional challenge with respect to the statements made by him to the police. First, he asserts that the statements obtained at the police station on the evening of the incident were taken in violation of his privilege against self-incrimination as guaranteed by the fifth amendment to the United States Constitution and article I, section 9 of the Alaska Constitution. He also asserts that utilization of those statements violated his due process rights guaranteed by the 14th amendment to the United States Constitution and article I, section 7


issue.
Officer Moen testified that when he entered Berfield's home, Hampton was seated near Berfield's body. He had a drink either in his hand or in his lap. Moen read the Miranda warnings to Hampton and Hampton responded that he knew his rights. Moen testified:
[Hampton] seemed very calm. The only thing that excited him  or appeared to excite him or bother him in any way was the fact that the weapon was alongside him, he wanted that away from him. He had been drinking  or it appeared to me that he had been drinking.
Moen noticed that there was a smell of alcohol around Hampton; however, Hampton responded to his questions. Moen also testified that Hampton's speech was slurred but understandable, and that had he encountered Hampton onthe street he would not have arrested him for public drunkenness.
Officer Hyde testified that Hampton was "nonchalant" when he told Moen that he knew his rights, and that Hampton "reacted very calmly under the situation." Hyde noted that Hampton had been drinking and that his eyes were dilated. However, Hyde testified that Hampton was responsive to questions, spoke clearly and "seemed to have control of his faculties."
Officer Imperial testified that he saw an empty liquor bottle near Berfield's body. He also assisted in taking Hampton to the police car and testified that Hampton's speech was slower than normal.
Officer Rice, who conducted the interview of Hampton at the police station, testified that he gave Hampton the Miranda warnings; Hampton repeatedly interrupted, stating that he knew his rights. Rice asked


he was feeling pretty good.
Rice also indicated that he did not believe Hampton "was incoherent or ... intoxicated." Rice testified that Hampton was very calm and spoke in a monotone except for one occasion when he became angry and blamed Berfield for what had happened, and another when he became irritated with Rice because he was "tired of telling his story."
Officer Dennis, who was standing outside the door when Rice was interrogating Hampton, corroborated Rice's testimony with respect to the Miranda warnings. *143 Dennis testified that Hampton was intoxicated, his eyes were bloodshot and a little watery, and he generally spoke in a monotone.
Charlotte Berfield, ex-wife of Jerry Berfield, appeared at the suppression hearing and testified on direct. However, she did not reappear for cross-examination. Ultimately, the partiestestified that when a person is awakened from a "nod"[9] and an individual with acknowledged authority over the person requested performance of a task, that person would probably perform the task as rapidly as possible so he could resume nodding. She stated that the person would not be particularly concerned with what acts constituted the task.
At the suppression hearing, Hampton took the stand in his own behalf. He testified that prior to the time he went to Berfield's, he had 3/4 of a fifth of bourbon and some beer. He went to Berfield's to obtain heroin to kill the pain caused by his broken leg. Berfield sold him $60 worth of heroin which Mrs. Berfield injected into his arm, probably not into the vein. He later received another


$40 worth of heroin from Berfield who injected it directly into the vein. Hampton testified that he immediately went to sleep after the second injection; he was holding a lighted cigarette which burned his hand and trouser leg. He did not remember anyone reading him his rights. He testified that he was not in pain while he was questioned at the station, but that he was disoriented and was not sure if he was in jail. He also testified that he did not remember much of the occurrences as to which the officers who recorded his confession the following day testified.
Phillip Briggs, a correctional officer at the state jail annex, was in charge of booking Hampton after the interrogation. Briggs testified that Hampton "seemed to be under somenarcotics, was arrested by the Chicago police in connection with a robbery and murder. It had been one and one-half hours after his last dose of heroin. Townsend was experiencing withdrawal symptoms during interrogation and was administered phenobarbital and scopolamine, a drug claimed to be a "truth serum." The defendant confessed to the murder on two occasions, each time after having been administered the drug. In discussing the applicable law, the Supreme Court noted:
Numerous decisions of this Court have established the standards governing the admissibility of confessions into evidence. If an individual's `will was overborne' or if his confession was not `the product of a rational intellect and a free will,' his confession is inadmissible because coerced. These standards are applicable whether a confession is the product of


confession obtained six months after a prior unconstitutional confession. The Court stated:
Of course, after an accused has once let the cat out of the bag by confessing, no matter what the inducement, he is never thereafter free of the psychological and practical disadvantages of having confessed. He can never get the cat back in the bag. The secret is out for good. In such a sense, a later confession always may be looked upon as fruit of the first.
However, since the conditions under which the involuntary confession had been made had been removed and six months had passed, the Supreme Court held in Bayer that admission of the second was not improper.
[15]  We note that there was never a stipulation as to the commission of the homicide.to seize on the revelations.

"[Opposition Leader Tony] Abbott has shown he is determined to talk down our economy, and now he has been exposed as having written a gigantic blank cheque," Mr Swan said in a statement soon after the report was aired.

"To allow themselves to dig such an incredible black hole shows just what a risk the Coalition would be to the economy at a time of global uncertainty."

Mr Swan said the revelation came on top of a humiliating $11 billion election costings black hole.

Mr Hockey said the Coalition had a record of delivering surplus budgets while Labor had delivered record deficits.

"Unlike the current Labor Government, the Coalition is prepared to do the heavy lifting and the hard work required to return the budget to surplus," he


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For nearly fifty years John Friedmann's writings have t just led the academic study of the discipline, but have given shape and direction to the planning profession itself. Covering transactive planning, radical planning, the concept of the Good City, civil society, rethinking poverty and the diversity of planning cultures, this collection of Friedmann's most important and influential essays tells a coherent and compelling story about how the evolution of thinking about planning over several decades has helped to shape its practice. With each essay given a new introduction to establish its context and importance, this is an ideal text for the study of planning theory and history.

Author Biography

John Friedmann is Professor Emeritus in the School of Public Affairs at UCLA and an Honorary Professor in theSchool of Community and Regional Planning at the University of British Columbia. Internationally recognized for his path-breaking work on regional development and planning, he holds honorary doctorates from the University of Dortmund and the Pontifical Catholic University in Santiago, Chile. In 2006 he received the first UN-Habitat Lecture Award for lifetime achievement.


regulations were slightly relaxed, allowing women and men under 40 to cross Qalandia.

Background: On March 11th 2011 two young Palestinians snuck into the Israeli settlement of Itimar (in the West Bank) near Nablus and massacred a Jewish Israeli family as they slept; this atrocious act initiated a ripple of settler violence that rapidly spread across the West Bank. Now months later, and in light of Palestine’s UN statehood bid – which will take place later this week –, the settlers of Itimar have decided to make a statement of their own.

On September 20, 2011 the residents of Itimar gathered at the Fogel residence (family who was murdered) and after a speach by the mayor, began marching toward Nablus. The heavily armed group of settlers marched enthusiastically through thesettlement, out of the iron security gate, and down the long monotonous road toward Nablus. IDF forces stopped the demonstrators before they were able to enter Nablus.

The Israeli West Bank barrier is a security and separation barrier under construction by the State of Israel along and within the West Bank. Upon completion, the barrier’s total length will be approximately 700 kilometers. The barrier also known as "Davids Wall" is 20ft high and the walls have become a form of artistic expression and anti occupation murals made by artist from around the world.

The Israeli West Bank barrier is a security and separation barrier under construction by the State of Israel along and within the West Bank. The painting here depicting the german shepherd attacking the Palestinian woman is created