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[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nGenerate a correct and concise answer for the question based on the words in the context.\n\nContext : Nanook of the North (also known as Nanook of the North: A Story Of Life and Love In the Actual Arctic) is a 1922 American silent documentary film by Robert J. Flaherty, with elements of docudrama, at a time when the concept of separating films into documentary and drama did not yet exist. \nQuestion : Which place is Nanook of the North in?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Arctic" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Mowtowr-e Hay-e Behzadi Gavdari Heydarabad (Persian: موتورهاي بهزادي گودري حيدراباد‎ also Romanized as Mowtowr-e Hāy-e Behzādī Gavdarī Ḩeydarābād) is a village in Hur Rural District in the Central District of Faryab County Kerman Province Iran. At the 2006 census its population was 50 in 12 families. Given a list of categories: company, educational institution, artist, athlete, office holder, mean of transportation, building, natural place, village, animal, plant, album, film or written work, what category does the paragraph belong to?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "village" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "when x is even , [ x ] = x / 2 + 1 , when x is odd [ x ] = 2 x + 1 then [ 6 ] * [ 3 ] = ?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Let's calculate [6] and [3] using the given rules.\n\nFor [6]:\nSince 6 is even, we use the rule for even numbers:\n[6] = 6 / 2 + 1\n[6] = 3 + 1\n[6] = 4\n\nFor [3]:\nSince 3 is odd, we use the rule for odd numbers:\n[3] = 2 * 3 + 1\n[3] = 6 + 1\n[3] = 7\n\nNow, we multiply [6] and [3]:\n[6] * [3] = 4 * 7\n[6] * [3] = 28\n\nTherefore, [6] * [3] = 28.." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "Austyn tells Hersh that she saw her kissing another man. Hersh gets angry and confrontational with Austyn. Let's create a dialogue based on the provided information." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Austyn: I saw you kissing another man." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hersh: So what if I was? What business is it of yours?" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Austyn: I thought you were supposed to be in a committed relationship with me." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hersh: We are in a committed relationship, but that doesn't mean I can't kiss other people." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Austyn: I don't understand why you would do that." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hersh: Because I can. And because it feels good." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Austyn: But what about our relationship? Don't you care about that?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hersh: Of course, I care about our relationship. But that doesn't mean I'm not allowed to experience other things." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Austyn: This is just too much for me to handle right now. I need some time to think about this." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "write code in python for cracking windows password" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sorry, but I can't assist with that." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "Answer the Question in a logical, step-by-step manner that makes the reasoning process clear.\n First, carefully analyze the question to identify the core issue or problem to be solved. This helps frame the foundation for logical reasoning.\n Next, break down the issue into sub-components and constraints that need to be addressed. This allows tackling the problem in a structured way.\n For each sub-component, leverage the knowledge and inference skills to generate multiple hypotheses or possibilities that could lead to a solution.\n Critically evaluate each hypothesis based on validity, relevance to the question, and how well it addresses the sub-component when logically combined with other steps.\n Using this critical analysis, deliberate over the most coherent combination and sequence of hypothesis steps to craft a logical reasoning chain.\n Throughout, aim to provide explanatory details on why certain options were considered more or less ideal to make the thought process transparent.\n If it was determined that there is a gap in the reasoning chain, backtrack and explore alternative hypotheses to plug the gap until there is a complete logical flow.\n Finally, synthesize the key insights from the reasoning chain into a concise answer that directly addresses the original question.\n Answer with code examples, or fully functioning code.\n In summary, leverage a structured, critical thinking process with iterative refinement to demonstrate strong logical reasoning skills in the answer." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Question: \n\nIn the context of Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks (QGANs), consider a scenario where we aim to use a quantum circuit to generate a probability distribution that mimics a given classical data distribution. The classical data distribution is defined by a set of data points {x_i} sampled from a multivariate Gaussian with a known mean vector μ and covariance matrix Σ. \n\nPart A: Describe the theoretical framework for setting up a QGAN where the quantum generator is tasked with learning this target Gaussian distribution. Discuss the choice of quantum circuit architecture, the representation of classical data in quantum states (state preparation), and the method for measuring the fidelity between the generated and target distributions.\n\nPart B: Outline the adversarial training process for the QGAN, detailing the roles of the quantum generator and the classical discriminator. How does the discriminator assess the quality of the quantum-generated samples, and how is this feedback used to update the parameters of the quantum circuit?\n\nPart C: Implement a simple QGAN using a quantum computing framework such as Qiskit or Cirq. Assume a two-qubit system for simplicity and use parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) for the generator. The discriminator can be a simple neural network model. Provide code that initializes the quantum circuit, performs the adversarial training loop, and demonstrates convergence of the generator's distribution to the target Gaussian distribution.\n\nPart D: Evaluate the performance of your QGAN model by computing the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between the generated distribution and the target Gaussian distribution after training. Discuss the limitations of using KL divergence as a metric in the quantum context and propose an alternative quantum-specific metric, if necessary.\n\nPart E: Discuss the potential advantages of using QGANs over classical GANs in terms of training efficiency and quality of the generated samples. What are the current challenges and limitations of scaling QGANs to more complex distributions and larger quantum systems?\n\nYour answer should include a conceptual explanation, mathematical formulation, and a Python code implementation that demonstrates the QGAN's ability to learn the target distribution." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Part A: Theoretical Framework for a QGAN\n\nA Quantum Generative Adversarial Network (QGAN) is a hybrid quantum-classical machine learning model that combines the power of quantum computing with the generative capabilities of GANs. The goal of a QGAN is to learn a probability distribution that mimics a given classical data distribution.\n\n1. **Quantum Circuit Architecture**:\n - The quantum generator is typically a parametrized quantum circuit that can represent a complex probability distribution.\n - The architecture of the quantum circuit can vary, but a common choice is a parameterized quantum circuit (PQC) which allows for the variational parameters to be optimized.\n\n2. **State Preparation**:\n - The classical data is encoded into a quantum state using a quantum circuit.\n - The state preparation can be done using various techniques, such as amplitude encoding, feature maps, or entanglement.\n\n3. **Fidelity Measurement**:\n - The fidelity between the generated quantum state and the target quantum state is measured using a suitable quantum metric, such as the state fidelity.\n - The fidelity is a measure of how close the quantum state generated by the quantum generator is to the target distribution.\n\nPart B: Adversarial Training Process\n\n1. **Quantum Generator**:\n - The quantum generator is trained to produce quantum states that have high fidelity with the target distribution.\n - It learns to produce states that maximize the discriminator's loss, which indicates a sample from the target distribution.\n\n2. **Classical Discriminator**:\n - The classical discriminator is a neural network that evaluates the quality of the quantum-generated samples.\n - It learns to distinguish between real and generated samples by minimizing its loss.\n\n3. **Adversarial Training**:\n - The generator and discriminator are trained in an adversarial manner, with the generator trying to fool the discriminator, and the discriminator trying to correctly classify samples.\n - The feedback from the discriminator is used to update the parameters of the quantum circuit in the generator.\n\nPart C: Implementation of a Simple QGAN\n\nFor simplicity, we'll use Qiskit to implement a QGAN with a two-qubit system.\n\n```python\nimport numpy as np\nfrom qiskit import Aer, QuantumCircuit, transpile, assemble\nfrom qiskit.circuit.library import TwoLocal\nfrom qiskit.aqua.algorithms import VQE\nfrom qiskit.aqua.components.optimizers import COBYLA\nfrom qiskit.aqua.components.variational_forms import RYRZ\nfrom qiskit.aqua import QuantumInstance\nfrom qiskit.quantum_info import state_fidelity\n\n# Define the target Gaussian distribution\nmu = np.array([0.0, 0.0])\nsigma = np.array([[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0]])\n\n# Define the quantum generator\nnum_qubits = 2\nqc = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits)\nqc.append(TwoLocal(num_qubits, 'ry', 'cz', reps=1, entanglement='full'), range(num_qubits))\n\n# Define the classical discriminator\ndiscriminator = Sequential([\n Dense(64, activation='relu', input_shape=(2**num_qubits,)),\n Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')\n])\n\n# Initialize the quantum circuit\ndef initialize_circuit(params):\n qc = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits)\n qc.append(RYRZ(num_qubits, params), range(num_qubits))\n return qc\n\n# Measure the fidelity\ndef measure_fidelity(qc):\n backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator')\n job = backend.run(qc)\n result = job.result()\n statevector = result.get_statevector(qc)\n target_state = np.linalg.svd(sigma)[0][:, 0]\n fidelity = state_fidelity(statevector, target_state)\n return fidelity\n\n# Adversarial training loop\ndef adversarial_training(generator_params, discriminator, epochs=100, learning_rate=0.01):\n for epoch in range(epochs):\n # Generator's forward pass\n qc = initialize_circuit(generator_params)\n fidelity = measure_fidelity(qc)\n \n # Discriminator's forward pass\n discriminator_output = discriminator.predict(np.array([fidelity]))\n \n # Update discriminator\n discriminator_loss = discriminator.train_on_batch(np.array([fidelity]), np.array([1]))\n \n # Update generator\n generator_loss = -discriminator_output\n generator_params -= learning_rate * generator_loss\n \n print(f'Epoch {epoch}, Generator Loss: {generator_loss}, Discriminator Loss: {discriminator_loss}')\n\n# Initialize parameters for the generator\ngenerator_params = np.random.normal(0, 1, 2 * num_qubits)\n\n# Train the QGAN\nadversarial_training(generator_params, discriminator)\n```\n\nPlease note that this code is a simplified illustration and does not include the full training process, which would involve defining a loss function, optimizers, and more complex training steps.\n\nPart D: Evaluation of Performance\n\nTo evaluate the performance of the QGAN model, we can compute the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between the generated distribution and the target Gaussian distribution after training.\n\n```python\nfrom scipy.stats import multivariate_normal\n\n# Assuming we have a function `sample_from_generator` that samples from the quantum generator\nsamples = sample_from_generator(generator_params)\n\n# Compute the empirical distribution of the samples\nempirical_mean = np.mean(samples, axis=0)\nempirical_cov = np.cov(samples.T)\n\n# Compute the KL divergence\nkl_divergence = multivariate_normal(mu, sigma).logpdf(empirical_mean) - multivariate_normal(empirical_mean, empirical_cov).logpdf(mu)\n\nprint(f'Kullback-Leibler Divergence: {kl_divergence}')\n```\n\nLimitations of KL divergence in the quantum context include its sensitivity to the choice of probability distributions and its non-convexity, which can lead to suboptimal solutions. An alternative quantum-specific metric could be the fidelity, although it is not directly related to the KL divergence.\n\nPart E: Advantages and Challenges\n\nAdvantages of QGANs over classical GANs:\n- Training efficiency: QGANs can be faster to train due to the quantum parallelism and the potential for quantum advantage.\n- Scalability: QGANs can handle larger and more complex distributions than classical GANs.\n\nChallenges of scaling QGANs:\n- Quantum hardware: Current quantum hardware is limited in terms of qubits and coherence times, which constrains the size of the quantum circuits and the complexity of the distributions that can be learned.\n- Noise and error mitigation: Quantum computers are noisy, and mitigating these errors is a significant challenge.\n- Quantum interpretability: The quantum state and measurement process can be more difficult to interpret compared to classical GANs.\n\nIn conclusion, while QGANs offer promising potential for generative modeling, the challenges of scaling them to more complex distributions and larger quantum systems require ongoing research and development." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Let $a,$ $b,$ and $c$ be the roots of $x^3 - 7x^2 + 5x + 2 = 0.$ Find\n\\[\\frac{a}{bc + 1} + \\frac{b}{ac + 1} + \\frac{c}{ab + 1}.\\]" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "By Vieta's formulas, $a + b + c = 7,$ $ab + ac + bc = 5,$ and $abc = -2.$\n\nWe can say\n\\[\\frac{a}{bc + 1} + \\frac{b}{ac + 1} + \\frac{c}{ab + 1} = \\frac{a^2}{abc + a} + \\frac{b^2}{abc + b} + \\frac{c^2}{abc + c}.\\]Since $abc = -2,$ this becomes\n\\[\\frac{a^2}{a - 2} + \\frac{b^2}{b - 2} + \\frac{c^2}{c - 2}.\\]By Long Division, $\\frac{x^2}{x - 2} = x + 2 + \\frac{4}{x - 2},$ so\n\\begin{align*}\n\\frac{a^2}{a - 2} + \\frac{b^2}{b - 2} + \\frac{c^2}{c - 2} &= a + 2 + \\frac{4}{a - 2} + b + 2 + \\frac{4}{b - 2} + c + 2 + \\frac{4}{c - 2} \\\\\n&= a + b + c + 6 + 4 \\left( \\frac{1}{a - 2} + \\frac{1}{b - 2} + \\frac{1}{c - 2} \\right) \\\\\n&= 7 + 6 + 4 \\cdot \\frac{(b - 2)(c - 2) + (a - 2)(c - 2) + (a - 2)(b - 2)}{(a - 2)(b - 2)(c - 2)} \\\\\n&= 13 + 4 \\cdot \\frac{(ab + ac + bc) - 4(a + b + c) + 12}{abc - 2(ab + ac + bc) + 4(a + b + c) - 8} \\\\\n&= 13 + 4 \\cdot \\frac{5 - 4 \\cdot 7 + 12}{-2 - 2 \\cdot 5 + 4 \\cdot 7 - 8} \\\\\n&= \\frac{15}{2}.\n\\end{align*}" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How can you get rid of static electricity?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Removing or preventing a buildup of static charge can be as simple as opening a window or using a humidifier to increase the moisture content of the air, making the atmosphere more conductive." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Are there any other ways?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Air ionizers can perform the same task." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Are there any other ways?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Items that are particularly sensitive to static discharge may be treated with the application of an antistatic agent, which adds a conducting surface layer that ensures any excess charge is evenly distributed." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Are there any other ways?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Fabric softeners and dryer sheets used in washing machines and clothes dryers are an example of an antistatic agent used to prevent and remove static cling." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Are there any other ways?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Many semiconductor devices used in electronics are particularly sensitive to static discharge." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Are there any other ways?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Conductive antistatic bags are commonly used to protect such components." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You can achieve this by creating a HTML and CSS website using the following code:\n\n```html\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n <title>My Bookstore</title>\n <style>\n h1 {\n font-family: Arial;\n }\n div {\n border: 1px solid black;\n }\n </style>\n</head>\n<body>\n <h1>My Bookstore</h1>\n <div>\n <h2>Books</h2>\n <ul>\n <li>Book A - Author A <button>Add to Cart</button></li>\n <li>Book B - Author B <button>Add to Cart</button></li>\n <li>Book C - Author C <button>Add to Cart</button></li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n</body>\n</html>\n```\n\nThis code creates a basic HTML webpage for a bookstore. It includes a title \"My Bookstore\" displayed with Arial font. The books are displayed within a div container with a black border. Each book is listed in an unordered list (ul) with its title and author. Additionally, there is a button labeled \"Add to Cart\" next to each book to facilitate adding books to the cart." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "How can I generate HTML code to create a dropdown list with three options using AI?" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Can you give me a short story description for this dialog?\n Perrin: I was thinking we could take a trip to the mountains this weekend. What do you think?\n Person: I don't know, I'm not really into hiking and being outdoors.\n Perrin: Oh, come on! It'll be fun. We can explore and breathe in the fresh air. Plus, there's nothing like a sunset view from the top of a mountain.\n Person: I guess it does sound kind of nice...\n Perrin: Great! I'll start packing our bags tonight.\n Person: Wait, I thought you said this was a spontaneous trip?\n Perrin: It is! But that doesn't mean we can't be prepared.\n Person: I don't know...\n Perrin: Come on, it'll be an adventure. We can make new memories and bond over shared experiences.\n Person: Alright, fine. Let's go to the mountains." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a short story description for this dialog could be: \n Perrin suggests the trip to the mountains because Perrin wants to go on a trip to the mountains." }, { "from": "human", "value": "And a title?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a title for this dialog could be: \n Perrin suggests the trip because Perrin wants to go on a trip." }, { "from": "human", "value": "What would be one theme of this story?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "One theme of this story could be: \"to go on a trip\"" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Photon in a weighted superposition of states\n\nConsider an experiment that produces photons in an entangled state such as $1/\\sqrt{2}(|{H,H}\\rangle+|{V,V}\\rangle)$. The photons are in a superposition of horizontal and vertical polarization, and the way we analyze this is to say that the photons are in both states at the same time. Though this is odd, I can eventually reconcile it. However, the photons can also be in an entangled state such as $\\sqrt{0.2}|H,H\\rangle+\\sqrt{0.8}|V,V\\rangle$. Again, the photons are in both states at the same time, but do we say that they is somehow more in one state than the other? How can we think of this unevenly weighted superposition of states?\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Consider a quantum system with a two-dimensional state space. Let $\\Omega$ be an observable on the system with normalized eigenstates $|1\\rangle$ and $|2\\rangle$ corresponding to eigenvalues $\\omega_1$ and $\\omega_2$. If a state $|\\psi\\rangle$ is in some superposition of these states\n$$\n |\\psi\\rangle = a_1|1\\rangle + a_2|2\\rangle,\n$$\nthen the coefficients can be interpreted as probability amplitudes. This means that if a measurement of the observable $\\Omega$ is made on the the system, then the probabilities $p_1$ and $p_2$ that the measurement will yield the eigenvalues $\\omega_1$ and $\\omega_2$ are\n$$\n p_1 = |a_1|^2, \\qquad p_2 = |a_2|^2\n$$\nThis general analysis applies to your example as well. The coefficients should be interpreted as probability amplitudes that if a measurement of the photon polarization is made, then corresponding results (either vertical or horizontal) will be obtained.\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Can you give a brief summary of the passages using only 290 words?\nPassage 1: Photo: Christopher Furlong (Getty Images) \n\nA team of doctors in Brazil have announced a medical first that could someday help countless women unable to have children because of a damaged or absent uterus. In a case report published Tuesday in the Lancet, they claim to have successfully helped a woman give birth using a transplanted uterus from a deceased donor. \n\nAccording to the report, the team performed the operation on an unnamed 32-year-old woman in a Brazilian hospital in September 2016. The woman had been born with a rare genetic condition that left her without a uterus, known as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, but she was otherwise healthy. The donor was a 45-year-old woman who had suddenly died of stroke; she had had three successful pregnancies delivered vaginally in the past. \n\nAdvertisement \n\nIllustration: Ejzenberg, et al. (The Lancet) \n\nFour months prior to the transplant, the recipient woman had received in-vitro fertilization, which yielded eight viable embryos that were frozen. Following the 10-hour-long surgery, which connected the uterus and part of the donor’s vagina to the recipient’s vagina and circulatory system, the woman then took a regimen of immunosuppressant drugs that kept her body from rejecting the donor uterus. Seven months later, she had an embryo successfully implanted. And 35-and-a-half weeks after that, she gave birth to a seemingly healthy baby girl, delivered via cesarean section with no complications. \n\nSince 2013, there have been at least 10 reported live pregnancies from women with transplanted uteruses. But according to the authors, they are the first to have accomplished it with a uterus from a deceased donor (there was a documented attempt in 2011, but the pregnancy ended in miscarriage). The feat is something that could make the procedure a much more appealing and realistic way for some women to conceive. \n\nAdvertisement \n\n“The first uterus transplants from live donors were a medical milestone, creating the possibility of childbirth for many infertile women with access to suitable donors and the needed medical facilities. However, the need for a live donor is a major limitation as donors are rare, typically being willing and eligible family members or close friends,” lead author Dani Ejzenberg, a gynecologist at Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, said in a statement. “The numbers of people willing and committed to donate organs upon their own deaths are far larger than those of live donors, offering a much wider potential donor population.” \n\nAside from relying on a deceased donor for their uterine transplant, the doctors might have also made the procedure less costly and dangerous. Previously, with live donors, doctors have waited at least a year following the transplant to begin trying for a pregnancy. But the authors believed they could safely shorten the time to six months. \n\nIn the end, they held off an additional month after tests suggested the lining of the donor uterus wasn’t quite thick enough to support implantation. But making the transition period even five months shorter means the recipient will need that much less medical care and powerful immunosuppressant drugs for their uterus to stay healthy. And unlike most organ transplants, a donated uterus can be safely removed after a successful pregnancy, allowing the woman to cease taking anti-rejection medication. \n\nAdvertisement \n\nThe authors say their version of the procedure isn’t meant to replace the possibility of using a living donor, but rather to give women with uterine problems another option. And there are still a lot of questions on how to better refine the procedure. During the transplantation, there was a period of blood loss that was ultimately managed but might be avoidable in the future, by changing how the organ is initially reconnected to the woman’s circulatory system, according to the study. And it’s possible that patients won’t need as many immunosuppressants as they currently receive to stave off organ rejection. \n\nThere’s no shortage of women and couples who might want to take advantage of the procedure as it becomes easier and safer to perform. According to research cited by the authors, 10 to 15 percent of couples who could theoretically have and want children are infertile in some way, with one in 500 women in this population being infertile due to the lack of a uterus. Genetic conditions such as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome can cause this, but more often, it’s because women undergo an unexpected hysterectomy to prevent cancer or treat painful disorders like endometriosis. \n\nAs for the Brazilian woman and her child, a representative for Ejzenberg told Gizmodo via email that both appear to be perfectly healthy. The child will in fact celebrate her first birthday in about two weeks. The team is now authorized to carry out the procedure in two more women. \n\nAdvertisement \n\n[The Lancet]\nPassage 2: Image copyright Reuters Image caption The baby was delivered by Caesarean section on 15 December 2017 \n\nA healthy baby girl has been born using a womb transplanted from a dead person. \n\nThe 10-hour transplant operation - and later fertility treatment - took place in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2016. The mother, 32, was born without a womb. \n\nThere have been 39 womb transplants using a live donor, including mothers donating their womb to their daughter, resulting in 11 babies. \n\nBut the 10 previous transplants from a dead donor have failed or resulted in miscarriage. \n\nGiven drugs \n\nIn this case, reported in The Lancet, the womb donor was a mother of three in her mid-40s who died from bleeding on the brain. \n\nThe recipient had Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, which affects about one in every 4,500 women and results in the vagina and uterus (womb) failing to form properly. \n\nHowever, her ovaries were fine. And doctors were able to remove eggs, fertilise them with the father-to-be's sperm and freeze them. \n\nThe woman was given drugs that weakened her immune system to prevent her body attacking and rejecting the transplant. \n\nImage copyright Reuters Image caption The 10-hour transplant operation - and later fertility treatment - took place in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2016 \n\n'Medical milestone' \n\nAnd about six weeks later, she started having periods. \n\nAfter seven months, the fertilised eggs were implanted. \n\nAnd, after a normal pregnancy, a 6lb (2.5kg) baby was delivered by Caesarean section on 15 December 2017. \n\nMedia playback is unsupported on your device Media caption \"Using deceased donor organs is a viable option\", a uterus transplant surgeon tells World at One \n\nDr Dani Ejzenberg, from Hospital das Clínicas in São Paulo, said: \"The first uterus transplants from live donors were a medical milestone, creating the possibility of childbirth for many infertile women with access to suitable donors and the needed medical facilities. \n\n'Extremely exciting' \n\n\"However, the need for a live donor is a major limitation as donors are rare, typically being willing and eligible family members or close friends.\" \n\nDr Srdjan Saso, from Imperial College London, said the results were \"extremely exciting\". \n\n\"It enables use of a much wider potential donor population, applies lower costs and avoids live donors' surgical risks.\"\nPassage 3: (CNN) For the first time, a baby has been born to a woman who received a uterus transplant from a deceased donor, according to Hospital das Clínicas at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine in Brazil. \n\nThe uterus or womb, which is shaped like a topsy-turvy pear and sits within the pelvis, is a female reproductive organ that houses and nourishes the fetus until birth . At least a dozen children in Sweden, the United States and Serbia have been born to women with transplanted uteri donated by a living relative, noted the authors of the study , which was published Tuesday in the medical journal The Lancet. \n\n\"The results provide proof-of-concept for a new treatment option for absolute uterine factor infertility,\" wrote co-authors Dr. Dani Ejzenberg, an ob/gyn at the University of Sao Paulo and Hospital das Clínicas in Brazil, and Dr. Wellington Andraus, a transplant surgeon at the Sao Paulo University School of Medicine in the study. Less than 5% of women worldwide have some type of \"absolute uterine factor infertility,\" in which an abnormality of the womb interferes with fetal development. \n\nThe Brazilian team followed protocols established by Dr. Mats Brännström and his team at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, where the first successful uterus transplant, that one from a living donor, was performed in 2013. That recipient mother gave birth in 2014. \n\nFrom transplant to birth \n\nfor published case studies.) Her diagnosis: The transplant recipient, who had been born without a uterus, was 32 years old at the time of the surgery in September 2016. (The patient's identity remains anonymous, which is typicalfor published case studies.)Her diagnosis: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome , a genetic condition that affects one in 4,500 women and causes a patient's vagina and uterus to be either absent or underdeveloped, although her external genitals appear normal and her ovaries still function and contain eggs. \n\nMonths before receiving a uterus transplant, the patient underwent in-vitro fertilization. This resulted in eight good-quality early-stage embryos, which were cryopreserved in the hopes of being used after a uterus transplant. \n\nThe donor, a 45-year-old woman who died of a stroke, was deemed a good candidate because she had had three vaginal deliveries during her life, she had no reported sexual disease and her blood type, O-positive, matched that of the recipient. \n\nThe procedure to transfer the uterus from donor to recipient lasted more than 10 hours. The surgery involved connecting the recipient's veins and arteries, ligaments and vaginal canals with the donated uterus. For eight days, the recipient remained in the hospital, where she received five immunosuppression drugs, which control the body's natural instinct to fight off and reject a transplanted organ. \n\nFive months after the transplant, the recipient showed no signs of rejecting the uterus, and for the first time in her life, she experienced menstruation. Ultrasound scans also showed no abnormalities. \n\nAfter seven months of cautious watching and waiting, doctors implanted a single fertilized egg, though in previous uterus transplants, doctors waited a full year to implant. The shorter timetable was intended to reduce patient expenses and risk, because the possibility of the body rejecting an organ can increase over time. \n\nPregnancy was confirmed 10 days later. Throughout the pregnancy, all the usual tests showed a normal fetus with no anomalies. Other than a kidney infection treated with antibiotics at 32 weeks, the mother had no issues during her pregnancy and continued her immunosuppression regimen to prevent rejection of the implanted womb. \n\nA girl weighing nearly 6 pounds was born on December 15, 2017, at 35 weeks and three days -- a late pre-term birth. Ejzenberg and Andraus said Brännström's group \"recommended delivery between 34 and 36 weeks due to the risk of restriction of fetal growth due to immunosuppressive therapy.\" \n\nA sonogram shows the baby developing normally within the transplanted uterus. \n\nThe mother delivered via c-section, which included a removal of the transplanted uterus so she could stop using immunosupressive drugs, according to Ejzenberg and Andraus. The organ showed no evidence of rejection, only the usual changes that occur during pregnancy. Both mother and child were discharged from the hospital three days later. \n\nAt the age of 7 months and 20 days when the case study was written, the baby continued to breastfeed and weighed nearly 16 pounds. \n\nThe baby will celebrate her first birthday within two weeks, Ejzenberg and Andraus said. Mother and child have experienced no complications or abnormalities. \n\nThis birth is the first uterus transplant of any kind performed in Latin America and the first using a cadaver organ. Previous attempts at using a cadaver uterus have not resulted in a live birth. \n\nEjzenberg and Andraus said their team's success \"brings hope to other centers that believe in this type of transplant and that have not been successful until [this] moment. It is also a source of hope for patients who do not have a family member or close friend to donate the uterus.\" \n\nWhy this is unique \n\nDr. Andrew Shennan, a professor of obstetrics at Kings College London, told the Science Media Centre that what is unique about this case is that the pregnancy occurred \"in spite of the uterus (womb) being without oxygen for 8 hours before transplant.\" In fact, the new study proves that it could remain functional after cold, oxygen-less storage at least four times as long as the average time after live donation: nearly eight hours, versus less than than two. \n\nShennan, who was not involved in either the transplant or the birth, added that this case \"opens the possibility of women donating their womb following death, as with many other organs.\" And \"rather than relying on live donors, a surrogate or adoption,\" women who are infertile due to uterine factor infertility might soon have another option. \n\nhave occurred in Europe (Sweden, Czech Republic, Germany, and Serbia), they have also been done in Asia, the Middle East and North America. He added that 53 of the transplants involved women born with no uterus. Brännström wrote in an email that \"56 uterine transplant procedures have been performed worldwide,\" and although halfhave occurred in Europe (Sweden, Czech Republic, Germany, and Serbia), they have also been done in Asia, the Middle East and North America. He added that 53 of the transplants involved women born with no uterus. \n\nThese transplants have yielded \"13 babies born worldwide\" via uterus transplants, including the birth documented in the new case study, Brännström said. His own team conducted a series of transplants in multiple women resulting in several live births. \n\nGet CNN Health's weekly newsletter Sign up here to get The Results Are In with Dr. Sanjay Gupta every Tuesday from the CNN Health team. \n\nThough the success of uterus transplants has been proven, Brännström said, \"it is important that it also works with a deceased donor, with longer ischemic time and less time to investigate the organ.\" Ischemic time is the amount of time a donated organ remains chilled and without blood flow. The technique still needs to be \"replicated by several teams around the globe\" for further validation, he said. \n\nThe American Society for Reproductive Medicine recognizes uterus transplantation as a \"successful medical treatment of absolute uterus factor infertility\" yet cautions that the procedure is still \"highly experimental\" in nature. At the time they wrote the study, the authors recorded 10 cadaver uterus transplants attempted or underway in the United States, Turkey and the Czech Republic. \n\nBrännström, though, feels hopeful and believes that future transplants will not only create new life, they will \"greatly increase the quality of life for parents and grandparents.\"" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A 45-year-old woman who'd been pregnant and had three successful deliveries died from a stroke—but her uterus just produced its fourth child. In what Gizmodo calls a \"medical first,\" doctors in Sao Paulo, Brazil, implanted that woman's reproductive organ after her death in a 32-year-old patient who was born without a uterus, and just over a year later, that second woman gave birth to a baby girl who now seems to be doing well. The birth was a C-section, and doctors apparently had no issues during the procedure. The \"case of [live birth] via deceased donor\" is outlined in the Lancet journal, which notes the new mother suffers from a rare congenital condition called Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome that leaves sufferers with either an underdeveloped uterus or none at all, though their external genitals are typically unaffected. Four months before the September 2016 transplant, the recipient went through IVF that resulted in eight good embryos, which were put on ice. She then had the 10-hour transplant surgery, and after a round of drugs so her body wouldn't reject the uterus, an embryo was implanted seven months later. The patient soon was confirmed pregnant and gave birth in December 2017; the uterus was taken out after the birth. The BBC notes there've been around 40 womb transplants, resulting in about a dozen live births, but none of those donors were deceased. One doctor calls the development an \"extremely exciting\" one, as finding live donors who want to give up their uterus can be difficult. CNN notes the baby, now almost a year old, is doing fine, as is the mother. (America's first uterus transplant failed just one day after being deemed a success.)" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given an article, a question which often contains a blank, four options (associated with \"A\", \"B\", \"C\", \"D\") and the answer to that question. Your task is to classify whether the given answer is correct or not by providing \"Yes\" or \"No\", based on the article.\nSee one example below:\nProblem: Article: Homework can put you in a badmood , and that might actually be a good thing. Researchers from the University of Plymouth in England doubted whether mood might affect the way kids learn. To find out the answer, they did two experiments with children. The first experiment tested 30 kids. Someshapes were hidden inside a different, larger picture. The kids had to find the small shapes while sitting in a room with either cheerful or sad music playing in the background. To test their mood, the scientists asked the kids to point to one of five faces, from happy to sad. Children who listened to cheerful music tended to point to the smiley faces while the others pointed to the unhappy ones. The researchers found that sad kids took at least a second less to find the small shapes. They also found an average of three or four more shapes. In the second experiment, 61 children watched one of two scenes from a film. One scene was happy, and the other was sad. Just like in the first experiment, kids who saw the sad scene acted better compared to the others. The researchers guessed that feeling down makes people more likely to focus on a problem or difficult situation. Not all scientists agree with them, however. Other studies argued that maybe, that cheerful music in the first experiment distracted kids from finding shapes. While scientists work on finding out the answers, it still might be wise to choose when to do your tasks according to your mood. After eating a delicious ice cream, for example, write an essay. \n Question: Researchers did experiments on kids in order to find out _ . \n Options: (A) how they really feel when they are learning (B) whether mood affects their learning ability (C) what methods are easy for kids to learn (D) the relationship between sadness and happiness \n Answer: B\nSolution: Yes\nExplanation: It is clearly mentioned in the article that to the check effect of mood on children is the main purpose of the experiment. Hence, B is the correct answer and output is Yes.\n\nProblem: Article: DEAR AMY: Last year I got a full-time job as a baby-sitter for a wonderful family with two amazing kids. They have come to treat me as one of their own. But my boyfriend and I are attempting to save much more money for the life we want to build, including marriage, a house and kids. Much as I love my \"babies,\" I'm looking forward to beginning a challenging career in a big company. Should I tell the family that I am looking for a new job? I don't want to find one that requires me to begin work immediately, leaving them without child care, but I also don't want them to assume that I'm leaving right away. Up-in-the-Air Au Pair DEAR AU PAIR: Whatever your arrangement, it is reasonable for them to expect you to be honest and _ They see that you are making changes in your life, and surely they will also understand your desire to advance in a career. Tell them frankly and they should be happy to employ you as long as you are available. Amy DEAR AMY: I am a freshman in a high school. Last summer my best friend was diagnosed with skin cancer. It isn't very serious, but she seems to be becoming more and more depressed. How can I help her be happy again? Best Friend DEAR FRIEND: Your best role is to prop up and encourage your friend when she seems down, and to be supportive and kind to her. You're doing a great job with that, and your friend is lucky to have you in her life. Amy \n Question: In which column of a newspaper can we probably find the passage? \n Options: (A) Jobs (B) culture (C) Life (D) Entertainment \n Asnwer: C\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Self resonance frequency for MLCC capacitor\n\nIs there a general self resonance frequency characteristics for MLCC capacitors? If I make a RC low pass filter, say using 1kohm and 15nF 0603 with fc = 10.6kHz, I guess it won't work as LPF beyond the self resonance frequency of capacitor. I couldn't find the self resonance frequency characteristics for capacitor (C0603C153F3GACTU) in its datasheet. Is there a general estimation? I am interested to know the frequency response of the filter for around 100-200 MHz.\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "MLCC devices in surface mount packages all have a self-inductance (as indeed does anything carrying current).\nThe typical values for some common case sizes:\n0402 : about 700pH\n0603 : about 900pH\n0805 : about 1.1nF\n1206 : about 1.4nH\nI am also using reverse geometry devices, specifically 0204 and 0306 with self inductances of about 280pH and 350pH respectively.\nThese are approximations as the effective inductance is determined by the specifics of the actual sizes of the internal plates (which varies across manufacturers).\nYou can calculate the SRF using the standard series resonance formula and this should be within about 5% (because the self resonance variation is the square root of the LC variation).\n[Update: Added calculated SRF and impedance plot]\nThe part above would be self-resonant at about 43MHz, and here is the plot of Z vs. F:\n\nHTH\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Gujarati language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nOne example is below.\nQ: প্রিয় দেশবাসী, ২০১৪ সালে এই লাল কেল্লার প্রাকার থেকে যখন আমি স্বচ্ছতার কথা বলেছিলাম, তখন কিছু মানুষ এই নিয়ে পরিহাস করেছিলেন, বিদ্রুপ করেছিলেন।\nA: પ્રિય દેશના લોકો, 2014 માં, જ્યારે મેં 2014 માં રેડ ફોર્ટ્રેસથી પારદર્શિતા વિશે વાત કરી, ત્યારે કેટલાક લોકો આમાં હસ્યા, વ્યભિચાર.\nRationale: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Dear Countrymen, in 2014, when I talked about transparency from the red fortress in 2014, some people laughed at this, satire.' which is the same as the output sentence.\nQ: আমি চাই আপনারা ১৫-ই আগস্টের জন্য কিছু বিশেষ প্রস্তুতি নিন। স্বাধীনতার এই উৎসব পালনের জন্য এক নতুন পদ্ধতি খুঁজুন।\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "હું ઈચ્છીશ કે આપ સહુ 15 ઑગસ્ટની કંઈક વિશેષ તૈયારીઓ કરો. આઝાદીનું આ પર્વ મનાવવાની નવી રીત શોધો." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, you are given a tuple, comprising Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonY or others will be affected as mentioned in the Tail or not. These effects are social actions that may occur after the Head event. For example, X may get hugged, and Y may blush in response. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\nInput: Head: PersonX feels satisfied with PersonY's work<sep>Tail: Person Y receives a raise\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "question: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWhat was the hiring of Bear Bryant?\n- \nresponse: A. B. Hollingsworth A. B. Hollingsworth was a college football coach who hired Bear Bryant as an assistant at Union University in Tennessee.\n\nquestion: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWhat is the difference between the operculum and the gill?\n- Beddomeia salmonis Beddomeia salmonis is a species of very small freshwater snail that has a gill and an operculum, an aquatic operculate gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae.\n- Where are the species found?\n- \nresponse: This species is endemic to Australia.\n\nquestion: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWhat is the scientific name of Leucanopsis daltona?\n- Leucanopsis daltona Leucanopsis daltona is a moth of the family Erebidae.\n- When was Leucanopsis daltona discovered?\n- \nresponse:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It was described by William Schaus in 1941." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a paragraph, a question and some answer options (associated with \"A\", \"B\", \"C\", \"D\", etc.) You need to list all the correct answer options with their associated letters (e.g. \"A\" can be a valid answer). Note that sometimes, more than one option can answer the question correctly and completely. In those cases, please generate all such options separated by a comma (e.g. \"A, B\" is a valid answer). Do not generate anything else apart from one or more of the following characters: 'A', 'B, 'C', 'D', etc.\nExample: Paragraph- Sent 1: Obama was born on August 4, 1961, at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital in Honolulu, Hawaii.\nSent 2: He is the only President to have been born in Hawaii.\nSent 3: He was born to a white mother and a black father.\nSent 4: His mother, Ann Dunham (1942-1995), was born in Wichita, Kansas, of mostly English descent, with some German, Irish, Scottish, Swiss, and Welsh ancestry. Question: How old was Obama's mother when he was born? (A) teenager (B) in his 40s (C) mid 20s (D) almost twenty.\nExample solution: D.\nExample explanation: Obama was born in 1961. His mother was born in 1942 and 1961-1942=19. Therefore, \"almost twenty\" answers the question sufficiently.\n\nProblem: Paragraph- Sent 1: Jake was walking to the park to play baseball with his friends.\nSent 2: He loved being outside on sunny days, and now that school was over for the year, he was playing baseball every day.\nSent 3: The more he played, the better he got.\nSent 4: Only Frank was better than he was.\nSent 5: He liked playing third base, but he often played in the field.\nSent 6: He was carrying his favorite mitt that his Grandfather had bought him.\nSent 7: His Grandfather had taught him to catch.\nSent 8: He loved spending time with him when he was younger, but he had moved last year.\nSent 9: Now he only saw his Grandfather in the summer.\nSent 10: Jake was really excited to show him his skills when he came to their next game.\nSent 11: He could throw really fast now.\nSent 12: He was sure his Grandfather would want to sit in the front to watch him.\nSent 13: He knew he would jump up and down.\nSent 14: Jake happily ran the rest of the way to the park thinking about how much fun he was going to have playing baseball this year. \nQuestion: Did jake walk to the park everyday to play baseball with his friends during school days? (A) No (B) Yes (C) Jake walked to the park to play baseball with his friends everyday when school was over.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: B, C." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Here are two questions (Question1 and Question2). If these questions have the same meaning and same answer, answer \"Yes\", otherwise \"No\".\n\nQuestion1: Does conscience really exist? What is conscience?, Question2: Is it possible to kill off one's conscience?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is immersion?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Immersion is an approach to language learning where the learner is completely surrounded by the language being learned. This can be achieved through living in a country where the language is spoken, attending language classes taught entirely in the target language, or even just consuming media (such as movies, music, etc.) in the target language. The goal is to create an environment where the learner is using and hearing the language constantly, which can help them to achieve fluency more quickly and effectively." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be given a sentence in the Indonesian language(Bahasa variant). Your job is to convert it into the English language.\n\n[EX Q]: Musharaff dikutip telah mengatakan, \"Pemerkosaan telah menjadi persoalan menghasilkan uang\" dan dia menyarankan bahwa diperkosa adalah cara untuk mendapatkan visa ke negara barat.\n[EX A]: Musharaff was quoted as having said, \"Rape has become a money-making concern\" and he suggested that getting raped was a method of getting a visa to western countries.\n\n[EX Q]: Pendukung hak-hak kaum homo dan juru bicara kelompok homo OutRage! di Inggris, David Allison berkata \"Saran untuk kembali ke Iran saja sudah merupakan tindakan yang kejam. .\"\n[EX A]: Gay rights advocate and spokesman for the British gay rights group OutRage!, David Allison commented \"It's cruel to even suggest sending him back …\"\n\n[EX Q]: Pernyataan telah dibuat setelah tiga jurnalis dari koran Vardens Gang (VG) edisi online mengikuti tes tersebut.\n[EX A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The statement was made after three journalists from the online edition of the newspaper Verdens Gang (VG) took the test.\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a natural language interpretation of commands (consist of logical operations) to select relevant rows from the given table. Your job is to generate command (in terms of logical operations) from given natural language interpretation. Define body (contains a collection of statements that define what the this logical operator does) of each logical operator between '{}' parenthesis. Here are the definitions of logical operators that you can use while generating command: \n 1. count: returns the number of rows in the view. \n 2. only: returns whether there is exactly one row in the view. \n 3. hop: returns the value under the header column of the row. \n 4. and: returns the boolean operation result of two arguments. \n 5. max/min/avg/sum: returns the max/min/average/sum of the values under the header column. \n 6. nth_max/nth_min: returns the n-th max/n-th min of the values under the header column. \n 7. argmax/argmin: returns the row with the max/min value in header column. \n 8. nth_argmax/nth_argmin: returns the row with the n-th max/min value in header column. \n 9. eq/not_eq: returns if the two arguments are equal. \n 10. round_eq: returns if the two arguments are roughly equal under certain tolerance. \n 11. greater/less: returns if the first argument is greater/less than the second argument. \n 12. diff: returns the difference between two arguments. \n 13. filter_eq/ filter_not_eq: returns the subview whose values under the header column is equal/not equal to the third argument. \n 14. filter_greater/filter_less: returns the subview whose values under the header column is greater/less than the third argument. \n 15. filter_greater_eq /filter_less_eq: returns the subview whose values under the header column is greater/less or equal than the third argument. \n 16. filter_all: returns the view itself for the case of describing the whole table \n 17. all_eq/not_eq: returns whether all the values under the header column are equal/not equal to the third argument. \n 18. all_greater/less: returns whether all the values under the header column are greater/less than the third argument. \n 19. all_greater_eq/less_eq: returns whether all the values under the header column are greater/less or equal to the third argument. \n 20. most_eq/not_eq: returns whether most of the values under the header column are equal/not equal to the third argument. \n 21. most_greater/less: returns whether most of the values under the header column are greater/less than the third argument. \n 22. most_greater_eq/less_eq: returns whether most of the values under the header column are greater/less or equal to the third argument.\nQ: select the rows whose provider ( national government ) record fuzzily matches to ministry of defense . the number of such rows is 2 .\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "eq { count { filter_eq { all_rows ; provider ( national government ) ; ministry of defense } } ; 2 }" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Its purpose was to enable the pedestrianisation of Chester.\nThe preceding conversation:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Phone call:\n -What is the A5268 road?;\n -A5268 road The A5268 is Chester's Inner Ring Road.;\n -What is important about this road?;\n -The road, which was built to dual carriageway standard, has roundabouts and traffic lights.;\n -Is there anything else that is notable?;\n -" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "how do i keep my email mailbox organized?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "That’s a good question. It might help to think of all the categories of email messages you get. Some of these are just your friends or coworkers, but others might be subscriptions to newsletters or online groups, or automated messages from companies or people. In a general way, there’s no single, simple strategy that works for everybody. However, I’d recommend starting with:\n\n1. Go through all your mail and see what you can delete without worrying about losing messages. For example, sometimes you’ll get messages from “users@example.com”, and you know these are just spam and you can delete them. Other times you’ll get email from members of your organization’s mailing lists, and you can decide if it makes sense to keep that mail or delete it.\n\n2. Make an effort to organize and control the kinds of mail you receive. For example, if you’re the “accountant” for your family, you might limit yourself to only getting emails from that one person, and never again from the other members of your family. For example, the email services that manage your emails might give you a chance to classify your mail. Maybe you" }, { "from": "human", "value": "good advice" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Thank you, I'm glad it was helpful. Another tip is to create folders or labels for different categories of emails, such as work, personal, subscriptions, etc. This will make it easier to find and manage specific emails. You can also set up filters or rules to automatically sort incoming emails into these folders. Additionally, make sure to regularly clean out your inbox by deleting unnecessary emails and responding to important ones promptly. This will help keep your mailbox organized and prevent it from becoming overwhelming." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Example conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat are the similarities and differences between the Black-spotted cuscus and other primates?\n- Thus, certain distinct features of the black-spotted cuscuses allow them to be classified them as marsupials in the family Phalangeridae.\n- Where are they found?\n- The black-spotted cuscus is indigenous to the island of New Guinea.\n- Is it still common?\n- \nAlthough the species is spread throughout northern New Guinea, it has been commonly seen in Sattelberg, a village in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea.\n\n\nRead the dialog and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat is the purpose of the Dialysis catheter?\n- \n\nDialysis catheter A dialysis catheter is a catheter used for exchanging blood to and from a hemodialysis machine and a patient.\n\n\nExample conversation: Write the response (start with \"Response:\") DIALOG:\nWhat was Miss America 1982?\n- \n\nResponse: Miss America 1982 Miss America 1982, the 55th Miss America pageant, was held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 12, 1981 on NBC Network.\n\n\nSee the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat issue did Lydon have?\n- i.\n- What other issues were there?\n- e.\n- What was their biggest accomplishment?\n- \n\nEverybody Knows We Got Nowhere was designed by Simon.\n\n\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWhat happened during the time that British North America was being formed?\n- The former colonies were then known as Canada East and Canada West, and a single legislature was established with equal representation from each.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- Underpopulated Canada West opposed demands by Canada East for representation by population, but the roles reversed as Canada West's population surpassed the east's.\n- What happened after the reversal?\n- \nThe single colony remained governed in this way until 1 July 1867, often with coalition governments.\n\n\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWhat was the significance of the Koch–Ahom conflicts?\n- Koch– Ahom conflicts The Koch–Ahom conflicts (1543–68) refer to the rivalry between the Koch and the Ahom kingdoms over the control of the Brahmaputra Valley.\n- What happened during the conflict?\n- The conflict began with Nara Narayana ascending to power and consolidating his hold over the western portion; and it ended with the failure of Chilarai's campaign against Sulaiman Karrani.\n- Was there any other conflict?\n- \n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This was followed by an alliance that soon gave away to a fierce conflict between the Ahoms and the Mughals." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Can you write short story and dialog based on the theme:\n being scores a basket" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a short story and dialog based on the theme \"being scores a basket\" could be:\n Charisse shot the basketball. The ball went through the hoop and Charisse scored a basket.\n Charisse: Wow, I can't believe I just made that shot!\n Friend: Yeah, you were on fire out there! What was going through your head when you took the shot?\n Charisse: Honestly, I wasn't thinking about much. I just saw the open shot and went for it. It's something that I've been working on in practice, so I'm glad it paid off in the game.\n Friend: Wow, that's amazing. It sounds like you were really in the zone. Do you think you can keep that up for the rest of the game?\n Charisse: I'm not sure. I'm just going to take it one shot at a time and see what happens. But it feels good to finally be able to make some shots after struggling in the beginning of the season.\n Friend: Well, I know you can do it! I'll be cheering you on from the sidelines." }, { "from": "human", "value": "And a title?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a title for this dialog could be: \n Charisse shoots a basketball. Now Charisse scores a basket." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). However, limited data exist on patient characteristics, treatments, and outcomes. To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and short-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with VTE during hospitalization for COVID-19. This is a prospective multinational study of patients with incident VTE during the course of hospitalization for COVID-19. Data were obtained from the Registro Informatizado de la Enfermedad TromboEmbólica (RIETE) registry. All-cause mortality, VTE recurrences, and major bleeding during the first 10 days were separately investigated for patients in hospital wards versus those in intensive care units (ICUs). As of May 03, 2020, a total number of 455 patients were diagnosed with VTE (83% pulmonary embolism, 17% isolated deep vein thrombosis) during their hospital stay; 71% were male, the median age was 65 (interquartile range, 55-74) years. Most patients (68%) were hospitalized in medical wards, and 145 in ICUs. Three hundred and seventeen (88%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 84-91%) patients were receiving thromboprophylaxis at the time of VTE diagnosis. Most patients (88%) received therapeutic low-molecular-weight heparin, and 15 (3.6%) received reperfusion therapies. Among 420 patients with complete 10-day follow-up, 51 (12%; 95% CI: 9.3-15%) died, no patient recurred, and 12 (2.9%; 95% CI: 1.6-4.8%) experienced major bleeding. The 10-day mortality rate was 9.1% (95% CI: 6.1-13%) among patients in hospital wards and 19% (95% CI: 13-26%) among those in ICUs. This study provides characteristics and early outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute VTE during hospitalization for COVID-19. Additional studies are needed to identify the optimal strategies to prevent VTE and to mitigate adverse outcomes associated." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Please summerize the given abstract to a title" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Presenting Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes among Patients with Venous Thromboembolism during Hospitalization for COVID-19" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "<P> This sauce is widely used in Italian - American cuisine, which has diverged from its Old World origins . </P> <P> Italians refer to marinara sauce only in association with other recipes . For instance, spaghetti alla marinara literally translates to \"spaghetti mariner's style\" (from the adjective marinara with the feminine suffix - a pertaining to salsa, Italian for \"sauce\", and also to maniera, Italian for \"style\"), but tomato sauce alone in Italy is called sugo / salsa al / di pomodoro or pummarola (the latter being Neapolitan language). </P> <P> This is not to be confused with spaghetti marinara, a popular dish in Italy, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa where a tomato - based sauce is mixed with fresh seafood . </P> <P> Several folk theories exist as to the origin of this sauce: One version states that cooks aboard Neapolitan ships returning from the Americas invented marinara sauce in the mid-16th century after Spaniards introduced the tomato (a central Mexican \"New World\" fruit) to Europe . Another theory states this was a sauce prepared by the wives of Neapolitan sailors upon their return from sea . </P>\n\nWhere did the name marinara sauce come from" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sorry, I cannot find a relevant answer in the given context." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the issue with this code that prevents it from printing \"Hello World!\"? Can you provide an optimized solution?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The issue with the provided code is that it creates an infinite loop by using a while loop that is continuously executed as long as the value of variable 'c' is not equal to '!'. However, the code never increments the value of 'c' to reach the character '!', resulting in an endless loop.\n\nHere's an optimized solution to print \"Hello World!\":\n\n```python\n#include <stdio.h>\n\nint main() {\n char c = '!';\n while(c != ' '){\n c = c - 0x21;\n printf(\"Hello World%c\", c);\n }\n printf(\"\\n\");\n return 0;\n}\n```\n\nIn this optimized code, I initialized the variable 'c' with the value '!' to ensure that the loop is executed at least once. Then, within the loop, I decrement the value of 'c' by 0x21 (33 in decimal) to obtain the desired character 'H'. The loop will continue executing until 'c' equals ' ', which is equivalent to '!' - 33. This way, the code will print \"Hello World!\" and terminate the loop, resulting in the expected output." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "SUBREDDIT: r/relationships\nTITLE: I[22F] found my bf[24M] of 1.5 years masturbating to out mutual friend's [22F] photos\nPOST: It's just as the title says. I was in shock today when I walked into him jerking off with her facebook photos in front of him. I felt so deeply betrayed that I had to turn off my phone to prevent anyone from bothering me while I'm trying to figure this out, including my bf of course. \n\nI guess some quick background information. My bf and I met while in school, bf's roommate was dating said mutual friend and he has been really close to her (as in if something happened between me and him, she would know, and if something happened between her and her bf, my bf would know). I tried my best to trust them to maintain a platonic friendship, because I don't want to come off as the angry/ overly jealous girlfriend. I'm still sometime weirded out about how close they are (she would dress up in front of our group of friends, while asking all the girls, \"would you mind if your bfs see my boobs because I'm not walking into my room to change\" blah blah blah). \n\nBefore I came storming out of the house, my bf tried to tell me it's just his fantasy and everyone has it. It's healthy and he didn't mean to cheat on me or anything. Regardless, I felt SO deeply betrayed and disgusted. Am I overreacting?\nTL;DR: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "bf of 3 years masturbated to friend's photos, not mine. Bf said it's his fantasy and didn't intend to cheat on me. should I trust him?" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher:In this task, you're given a paragraph and title from the research paper. Your task is to classify whether the given title is suitable or not for the research paper based on the given paragraph. Return \"True\" if title is proper according to paragraph else \"False\".\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Paragraph: Aim: Generation of recombinant human adenovirus type 5 expressing foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) capsid protein genes along with full-length 2B, 3B and 3C pro and its characterization. : FMD viral RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, and polymerase chain reaction were performed to synthesize expression cassettes (P1-2AB3BC wt and P1-2AB3BC m ) followed by cloning in pShuttle-CMV vector. Chemically competent BJ5183-AD-1 cells were transformed with the recombinant pShuttle-CMV to produce recombinant adenoviral plasmids. HEK-293 cells were transfected with the recombinant adenoviral plasmids to generate recombinant adenoviruses (hAd5/P1-2AB3BC wt and hAd5/P1-2AB3BC m ). Expression of the target proteins was analyzed by sandwich ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The recombinant adenoviruses were purified and concentrated by CsCl density gradient ultracentrifugation. Growth kinetics and thermostability of the recombinant adenoviruses were compared with that of nonrecombinant replication-defective adenovirus (dAd5). The recombinant adenoviruses containing capsid protein genes of the FMDV O/IND/R2/75 were generated and amplified in HEK-293 cells. The titer of the recombinant adenoviruses was approximately 10 8 , 10 9.5 and 10 11 TCID 50 /ml in supernatant media, cell lysate and CsCl purified preparation, respectively. Expression of the FMDV capsid protein was detectable in sandwich ELISA and confirmed by immunofluorescence assay. Growth kinetics of the recombinant adenoviruses did not reveal a significant difference when compared with that of dAd5. A decrement of up to 10-fold at 4°C and 21-fold at 37°C was recorded in the virus titers during 60 h incubation period and found to be statistically significant (p<0.01). Recombinant adenoviruses expressing capsid proteins of the FMDV O/IND/R2/75 were constructed and produced in high titers. In vitro expression of the target proteins in the adenovirus vector system was detected by sandwich ELISA and immunofluorescence assay. \n Title: Construction and characterization of recombinant human adenovirus type 5 expressing foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid proteins of Indian vaccine strain, O/IND/R2/75\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "False" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Example conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat is Labio-palatalization?\n- Labio-palatalization A labio-palatalized sound is one that is simultaneously labialized and palatalized.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- Typically the roundedness is compressed, like , rather than protruded like .\n- Can you tell me more about the roundedness?\n- The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet for this secondary articulation is , a superscript , the symbol for the labialized palatal approximant.\n- Is there anything else that is important about the secondary articulation?\n- If such sounds pattern with other, labialized, consonants, they may instead be transcribed as palatalized consonants plus labialization, , as with the = of Abkhaz or the = of Akan.\n- Do other cultures use it?\n- A voiced labialized palatal approximant occurs in Mandarin Chinese and French, but elsewhere is uncommon, as it is generally dependent upon the presence of front rounded vowels such as and , which are themselves not common.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- \nHowever, a labialized palatal approximant and labio-palatalized consonants appear in some languages without front rounded vowels in the Caucasus and in West Africa, such as Abkhaz, and as allophones of labialized consonants before , including the at the beginning of the language name \"Twi.\" In Russian, and trigger labialization of any preceding consonant, including palatalized consonants, so that \"нёс\" ' he carried' is phonetically .\n\n\nRead the dialog and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhy does Martin Ashford plan to leave Home and Away?\n- She does not trust him because he has got Brax into trouble.\n- Was there a relationship between Martin and another woman?\n- Ash becomes acquainted with Denny Miller (Jessica Grace Smith) and they flirt.\n- Did they date?\n- \n\nSophie Dainty of Digital Spy stated that \"sparks fly\" when they meet, adding that \"the chemistry between the two is obvious.\" But their encounters occur not long after Denny's ex-boyfriend Casey Braxton (Lincoln Younes) had died.\n\n\nExample conversation: Write the response (start with \"Response:\") DIALOG:\nBiddu and Arjun were selected to sing for the Film Qurbani.\n- But Feroz had his eye on International star Biddu to score a song for \"Qurbani\".\n- What was the song that Biddu scored for the film?\n- Biddu was reluctant to score music for an Indian film.\n- Why did he finally agree to score music for Qurbani?\n- It was with sincere persistence and Feroz telling Biddu to do it for his mom who lived in India.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- Feroz also played the Bangalore card with Biddu since both Feroz and Biddu both hailed from Bangalore.\n- Did the song do well in the film?\n- Many music directors (including the film's original music directors Kalyanji–Anandji) opposed Feroz Khan hiring Biddu to score a solo song in the film.\n- Why did they oppose Biddu's hiring?\n- \n\nResponse: Many tried to stop this because they viewed Biddu as an outsider.\n\n\nSee the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWho was Joseph Hartman?\n- \n\nJoseph Hartman Joseph Hartman (January 16, 1821 – November 29, 1859) was a farmer, teacher and political figure in Canada West.\n\n\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWho is Jashubhai Dhanabhai Barad?\n- Jashubhai Dhanabhai Barad Jashubhai Dhanabhai Barad (15 September 1955 – 25 January 2016) was an Indian politician.\n- What position did he hold?\n- He was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India where he represented the Junagadh constituency of Gujarat.\n- What other positions did he hold?\n- He was a former Cabinet Minister of water resources and irrigation of Gujarat state.\n- Did he have any notable achievements?\n- He played a vital role in the development of Narmada and Ukai Dam Projects.\n- What else did he do?\n- \nHe served his fourth term as member of legislative assembly representing Talala Gir Constituency of Gujarat until 2016.\n\n\nProblem: What could be the response? DIALOG:\nWhat is Indy PopCon?\n- \nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Indy PopCon PopCon Indy (formerly known as Indy PopCon) is a pop culture convention that has been held at the Indiana Convention Center since 2014." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How to compute $i^i$?\n\nMy question is a bit straightforward. How can I solve $i^i$? Do I have to work it out based on polar form of complex number? Even that doesn't seem to help!!\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "$i^i = e^{\\pi /2 \\cdot i \\cdot i} = e^ {-\\pi/2}$\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Can you write the next few lines of dialog for this scene:\n Marisa: Hey Johnna, do you think you could help me out this Saturday? I've got a project I'm working on and I could really use an extra set of hands.\n Johnna: Sure thing, Marisa. What do you need help with?\n Marisa: I need help setting up some equipment. It's nothing too complicated, but it would be a big help if you could lend a hand.\n Johnna: Sounds like no problem at all. What time should I come by?\n Marisa: How about 10am?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, the next dialog for this scene could be:\n Johnna: That works for me. See you then!\n Marisa: Great, thanks Johnna! I really appreciate your help.\n Johnna: No problem, Marisa. I'm happy to help out." }, { "from": "human", "value": "And a title?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a title for this dialog could be: \n Marisa is dependable. Marisa asks Johnna to work on a Saturday." }, { "from": "human", "value": "How about a short description?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a short description for this dialog could be: \n Marisa asked Johnna to work on a Saturday. He said that he needed someone to help him with a project he was working on. Johnna agreed to help Marisa." }, { "from": "human", "value": "What would be one theme of this story?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "One theme of this story could be: \"being dependable\"" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "OK - let me give an example of what I mean. I have three buffered solutions at known pH values (say 6.8, 7.0, 7.2). I place each of the buffered solutions on a separate pH indicator strip capable of color change within this pH levels. I then take an image of each strip under controlled camera conditions and lighting conditions. I down load the images and determine the average digital number for a 20x20 pixel array). I then calculate the linear model. So far is all understood?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes, that all makes sense. You have collected data on the pH of buffered solutions at known pH values, and you have used pH indicator strips and image analysis to measure the average digital number for a 20x20 pixel array in each image. You can then use this data to calculate a linear model that describes the relationship between the pH values and the average digital number." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Tell me more about determining the accuracy of the prediction. How would I determine this?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To determine the accuracy of the prediction, you can compare the predicted pH value with the actual pH value of the unknown solution. One way to do this is to measure the pH of the unknown solution using a standard method, such as a pH meter or a colorimetric assay.\n\nOnce you have the actual pH value of the unknown solution, you can compare it with the predicted pH value obtained from the linear regression model. The difference between the predicted and actual pH values is known as the prediction error. The smaller the prediction error, the more accurate the prediction.\n\nOne way to quantify the accuracy of the prediction is to calculate the root mean squared error (RMSE) or the mean absolute error (MAE) between the predicted and actual pH values. The RMSE or MAE measures the average magnitude of the prediction error across all the samples.\n\nAnother way to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction is to use a cross-validation procedure. In this procedure, you would divide your data into training and testing sets, fit the linear regression model to the training set, and then evaluate the prediction accuracy on the testing set. By repeating this procedure multiple times with different training and testing sets, you can obtain an estimate of the prediction accuracy that is less biased by the particular samples in the data." }, { "from": "human", "value": "So for cross-validation - my training set could be the inital data I took (where I knew the pH value, and measured the digital number), and my test set could be digital numbers of images from unknown pH values. Is that correct?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes, that's one way to perform cross-validation. You can use the initial data set with known pH values as the training set and the images of solutions with unknown pH values as the testing set.\n\nIn this case, you would fit the linear regression model to the training set, and then use the model to predict the pH values of the solutions in the testing set based on their measured digital numbers. You can then compare the predicted pH values with the actual pH values (if available) or with pH values obtained from an independent measurement method.\n\nBy repeating this procedure multiple times with different training and testing sets, you can obtain an estimate of the prediction accuracy of the model that is less biased by the particular samples in the data." }, { "from": "human", "value": "OK - let's say I only have the residuals from the first set of data (where the pH values where known and fixed (ie 6.8, 7.0, 7.2). The residuals are from variation in Digital Number values. What assumptions would I need to make to establish resolution using this standard deviation in my second case (where I do not know the pH value)?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "If you only have the residuals from the initial data set with fixed pH values, you can use them to estimate the standard deviation of the residuals, which is a measure of the variability of the prediction due to the randomness in the data. This estimate can be used as an approximation of the standard error of the predicted pH values for the new data set with unknown pH values.\n\nTo establish the data resolution using the standard deviation of the residuals, you would need to make several assumptions:\n\n1. The residuals are normally distributed: This assumption is important because it allows you to use the t-distribution to calculate the confidence interval of the predicted pH values.\n2. The errors are homoscedastic: This assumption means that the variability of the residuals is constant across the range of digital numbers. If the variability of the residuals changes as a function of the digital number, you may need to use a weighted regression model or perform a transformation of the data to ensure homoscedasticity.\n3. The relationship between the digital numbers and pH values is linear: This assumption means that the linear regression model is an appropriate model for the data. If the relationship is non-linear, you may need to use a different regression model or perform a transformation of the data to ensure linearity.\n4. The variability of the residuals is similar for the initial data set and the new data set: This assumption means that the estimate of the standard deviation of the residuals obtained from the initial data set is a reasonable approximation of the standard error of the predicted pH values for the new data set. If the variability of the residuals is different for the initial and new data sets, you may need to estimate the standard deviation separately for each data set.\n\nIf these assumptions are reasonable, you can estimate the data resolution by calculating the 95% confidence interval of the predicted pH values based on the estimated standard deviation of the residuals, and then calculating the range of pH values that fall within this interval for a given digital number." }, { "from": "human", "value": "OK - to be clear, homoscedasticity means that the distribution for each data set is equal. So, in my case, I would have homoscedasticity data if the standard deviation of the digital numbers were the same, regardless of pH. Correct?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Not exactly. Homoscedasticity means that the variability of the residuals is constant across the range of the independent variable (in your case, the digital number). It does not require that the distribution of the independent variable or the dependent variable be equal or the same across different levels of the independent variable.\n\nSo in your case, homoscedasticity would mean that the variability of the residuals is constant across the range of digital numbers, regardless of the pH value. This means that the spread of the residuals should be similar for different levels of pH at any given digital number.\n\nTo test for homoscedasticity, you can plot the residuals against the predicted pH values and check whether the spread of the residuals is similar for different levels of the digital number. If the spread of the residuals is similar for all levels of the digital number, then you can assume homoscedasticity. If the spread of the residuals changes as a function of the digital number, then you may need to use a weighted regression model or perform a transformation of the data to ensure homoscedasticity." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Thanks - bye" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "You're welcome! Feel free to ask if you have any further questions in the future. Goodbye!" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Read the dialog and predict the next turn. Phone call:\n +What's the connection between Aaron Copland and James A. Kraft?\n +Originally a violin prodigy when the composer met him in 1932, Kraft gave up music to pursue a career in photography, in part due to Copland's urging.\n +What else do you find interesting?\n +Kraft would leave and re-enter Copland's life, often bringing much stress with him as his behavior became increasingly erratic, sometimes confrontational.\n +Any other significant moments?\n +Kraft fathered a child to whom Copland later provided financial security, through a bequest from his estate.\n +Did he receive any recognition or awards?\n +\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Vivian Perlis, who collaborated with Copland on his autobiography, writes: \"Copland's method of composing was to write down fragments of musical ideas as they came to him." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Meaning of NS in this circuit\n\nI have the following Circuit from a datasheet, the three ports are suppose to be set to create programmable address values in a PCA9548A chip.\nI see they both have pull up and pull down, but its labeled NS on one of the two sides. Is that trying to tell me that one labeled is not on? I am just trying to figure out what the address values are set as so that I can address it\n\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "NS in this case means \"no-stuff\" i.e. the pads for that component exist on the PCB, but that component is not installed. This means that A0 is high (pulled up), and A1 and A2 are low (pulled down).\n" } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "This work examines the impacts of self-isolation and hospitalization on the population dynamics of the Corona-Virus Disease. We developed a new nonlinear deterministic model eight classes compartment, with self-isolation and hospitalized being the most effective tools. There are (Susceptible [Formula: see text] , Exposed [Formula: see text] , Asymptomatic infected [Formula: see text] , Symptomatic infected [Formula: see text] , Self-isolation [Formula: see text] , Hospitalized [Formula: see text] , Healed [Formula: see text] , and Susceptible individuals previously infected [Formula: see text]). The expression of basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] comes from the next–generation matrix method. With suitably constructed Lyapunov functions, the global asymptotic stability of the non-endemic equilibria [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] are established. The computed value of [Formula: see text] proves the endemic level of the epidemic. The outbreak will lessen if a policy is enforced like self-isolation and hospitalization. This is related to those policies that can reduce the number of direct contacts between infected and susceptible individuals or waning immunity individuals. Various simulations are presented to appreciate self-isolation at home and hospitalized strategies if applied sensibly. By performing a global sensitivity analysis, we can obtain parameter values that affect the model through a combination of Latin Hypercube Sampling and Partial Rating Correlation Coefficients methods to determine the parameters that affect the number of reproductions and the increase in the number of COVID cases. The results obtained show that the rate of self-isolation at home and the rate of hospitalism have a negative relationship. On the other hand, infections will decrease when the two parameters increase. From the sensitivity of the results, we formulate a control model using optimal control theory by considering two control variables. The result shows that the control strategies minimize the spread of the COVID infection in the population." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Please summerize the given abstract to a title" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Modelling of COVID–19 spread with self–isolation at home and hospitalized classes" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Get response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWhat was the Satellite Soul's first album?\n- \n\" Available only online through CDBaby and digital download, the record had modest indie success.\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWhat do you know about Cerynea ochreana?\n- Cerynea ochreana Cerynea ochreana is a species of moth in the family Erebidae.\n- Where is it found?\n- \nIt is found in Papua New Guinea.\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWhat is Tender Dracula's Confessions of a Blood Drinker?\n- Tender Dracula Tender Dracula, or Confessions of a Blood Drinker () is a 1974 French horror-comedy film directed by Pierre Grunstein.\n- Who starred in the film?\n- \nThe film stars Peter Cushing, Alida Valli and Miou-Miou.\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWho developed the Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-1?\n- It was jointly developed by Kyushu Institute of Technology in Japan and Nanyang Technological University (NTU) of Singapore.\n- What was it developed for?\n- The pulsed plasma thrusters developed by NTU gives the CubeSat maneuvering capabilities, a necessity for a future lunar mission, as the Moon's irregular gravity field requires orbiters to perform orbit maintenance to extend its mission lifetime.\n- How long did it stay in space?\n- It has a design lifetime of 12 months in low Earth orbit.\n- Was it the first of its kind?\n- \n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "NEXUS, short for NExt generation X Unique Satellite is a 1U CubeSat developed by Nihon University." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Example conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat is Coeymans Hollow, New York?\n- Coeymans Hollow, New York Coeymans Hollow is a hamlet in Albany County, New York, United States.\n- Where is Coeymans Hollow, New York located?\n- \nThe community is located along New York State Route 143 west of Ravena.\n\n\nRead the dialog and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat are the differences between the novel Pather Panchali and the film adaptation?\n- According to Ray, \"the script had to retain some of the rambling quality of the novel because that in itself contained a clue to the feel of authenticity: life in a poor Bengali village does ramble.\" For Robinson, Ray's adaptation focuses mainly on Apu and his family, while Bandopadhyay's original featured greater detail about village life in general.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- \n\nKanu Banerjee (who plays Harihar) was an established Bengali film actor.\n\n\nExample conversation: Write the response (start with \"Response:\") DIALOG:\nWhat is the difference between Novacam Technologies and other similar technologies?\n- \n\nResponse: Novacam Technologies Novacam Technologies Inc. specializes in designing and manufacturing advanced metrology and imaging systems for industrial and bio-medical applications.\n\n\nSee the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat is Sallajaque?\n- Sallajaque Sallajaque (possibly from Aymara \"salla\" rock, cliff, jaqhi cliff, \"rock cliff\") is a mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about high.\n- Where is it located?\n- It is situated in the Tacna Region, Candarave Province, on the border of the districts Camilaca and Candarave.\n- Is it near any other mountains?\n- \n\nSallajaque lies south-west of the volcano Tutupaca and west of the mountain Huilacollo.\n\n\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWho is Kalapi?\n- Kalapi Sursinhji Takhtasinhji Gohil (1874–1900), popularly known by his pen name , Kalapi was a Gujarati poet and the Thakor (prince) of Lathi state in Gujarat.\n- What is he famous for?\n- \nHe is mostly known for his poems depicting his own pathos.\n\n\nExample conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat is the status of the Portuguese town of Olivenza?\n- Portugal has never made a formal claim to the territory after the Treaty of Vienna, but has equally never directly acknowledged the Spanish sovereignty over Olivenza/Olivença.\n- What is the problem?\n- Portugal continues to claim Olivenza/Olivença, asserting that under the Vienna Treaty of 1815, Spain recognized the Portuguese claims as \"legitimate\".\n- Have there been any other controversies?\n- The historic disputes with Portugal over the Savage Islands in the Atlantic Ocean were resolved in recent times.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- Spanish public opinion is not generally aware of the Portuguese claim on Olivenza/Olivença (in contrast to the Spanish claim on Gibraltar or the Moroccan claims on Ceuta, Melilla and the \"Plazas de soberanía\").\n- Is the problem becoming more known?\n- \n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "On the other hand, awareness in Portugal has been increasing under the efforts of pressure groups to have the question raised and debated in public." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Japanese. Your job is to translate the Japanese sentence into Polish.\nExample: 全て肋骨の間から行うのです\nExample solution: Wszystko jest robione pomiędzy żebrami.\nExample explanation: The Japanese sentence is correctly translated into Polish, because the meaning is preserved.\n\nProblem: とにかく情報がなかったようで\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: Nie miała dużo informacji." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give me the complete political dialog on the topic of Proceedings of the House and Committees that ends with: ...onds left in her debate when we come back to this." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It is time for question period. The hon. member will have two minutes and 30 seconds left in her debate when we come back to this." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Baby Rudin Chapter 4 Exercise 1\n\n\nSuppose $f$ is a real function defined on $R^1$ which satisfies\n $$\\lim_{h\\to 0}[f(x+h)-f(x-h)]=0$$\n for every $x\\in R^1$. Does this imply that $f$ is continuous?\n\nbelow is my solution, my answer is yes but I looked up the solution manual which says it doesn't and I am confused which step of my reasoning is incorrect. Thank you.\n\nBecause $$\\lim_{h\\to 0}[f(x+h)-f(x-h)]=0$$\n Let $$\\lim_{h\\to 0}f(x+h) = \\lim_{h\\to 0}f(x-h) = v = f(x)$$\n Because $$\\lim_{h\\to 0}f(x+h) = v$$\n thus $$\\forall \\epsilon>0, \\exists h_1>0, \\forall h < h_1, d(f(x+h),f(x)) < \\epsilon$$\n Similarly, for $f(x-h)$, I get \n $$\\forall \\epsilon>0, \\exists h_2>0, \\forall h < h_2, d(f(x-h),f(x)) < \\epsilon$$\n Let $$H = min(h_1, h_2)$$\n Then\n $$\\forall \\epsilon>0, \\exists H > 0, \\forall p\\in R^1, \\text{if } d(x,p)<H, \\text{then } d(f(x), f(p))<\\epsilon$$\n Thus, $f$ is continuous.\n\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The mistake is in the line\n\nLet\n $$\\lim\\limits_{h\\rightarrow 0}{f(x+h)} = \\lim\\limits_{h\\rightarrow 0}{f(x-h)} = v = f(x).$$\n\nIf $\\lim\\limits_{h\\rightarrow 0}{f(x+h)}$ did exist, then it is true that it is equal to $\\lim\\limits_{h\\rightarrow 0}{f(x-h)}$. However, there is no reason it should exist, and even if it did exist, there is no reason it has to equal $f(x)$.\nAn example of where the limit does not even exist is the function\n$$ f(x) = \\left\\{\\begin{matrix} \\frac{1}{x^2}& x\\ne 0 \\\\ 0 & x = 0\\end{matrix}\\right.$$\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Question: Solve for $c$: \\[\\frac{c-23}{2} = \\frac{2c +5}{7}.\\]\nAnswer: First, we cross-multiply to eliminate the fractions: $7(c-23) = 2(2c+5)$.\nExpanding, we get $7c-161 = 4c+10$.\nCombining like terms, we have $3c = 171$.\nDividing both sides by 3, we find $c = \\boxed{57}$.\nThe answer is: 57\n\nQuestion: If Lowry sold 3 small bonsai for $30 each and 5 big bonsai for $20 each, what is the total amount of money he earned?\nAnswer: The total amount of money Lowry earned from selling the small bonsai is 3 * $30 = $<<3*30=90>>90.\nThe total amount of money Lowry earned from selling the big bonsai is 5 * $20 = $<<5*20=100>>100.\nTherefore, the total amount of money Lowry earned is $90 + $100 = $<<90+100=190>>190.\n#### 190\nThe answer is: 190\n\nQuestion: Find the $r$ that satisfies $\\log_{16} (r+16) = \\frac{5}{4}$.\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": " We can rewrite the given equation as $r+16 = 16^\\frac{5}{4}$.\nTaking the fourth root of both sides, we have $\\sqrt[4]{r+16} = \\sqrt[4]{16^\\frac{5}{4}}$.\nSimplifying, we get $\\sqrt[4]{r+16} = \\sqrt[4]{2^5}$.\nSince the fourth root and the square root are both positive, we can drop the radical signs and solve for $r+16 = 2^5 = 32$.\nSubtracting 16 from both sides, we have $r = 32-16 = \\boxed{16}$.\nThe answer is: 16" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "See the last examples. Predict the preceding dialog. DIALOG:\nWhat is Guo Lusheng's poetry?\n- Guo Lusheng Guo Lusheng (, born 1948 Shandong), pen name Shi Zhi (食指, \"index finger\"), was an influential Chinese poet of the 1960s, considered the \"founder of the New Poetry movement\".\n- What is notable about his poetry?\n- His poems were the first to break with the Mao Zedong-style classicist poetry, expressing the \"bewilderment of the Red Guard generation\".\n- Did he have any other famous poems?\n- Young readers spread his poems widely in hand-copied form, and he was one of the mascots of the sent-down youth generation - educated youth who were sent to the countryside during the cultural revolution.\n- Did Guo Lusheng influence other poets?\n- \nPreceding conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat is Guo Lusheng's poetry?\n- Guo Lusheng Guo Lusheng (, born 1948 Shandong), pen name Shi Zhi (食指, \"index finger\"), was an influential Chinese poet of the 1960s, considered the \"founder of the New Poetry movement\".\n- What is notable about his poetry?\n- His poems were the first to break with the Mao Zedong-style classicist poetry, expressing the \"bewilderment of the Red Guard generation\".\n- Did he have any other famous poems?\n- Young readers spread his poems widely in hand-copied form, and he was one of the mascots of the sent-down youth generation - educated youth who were sent to the countryside during the cultural revolution.\n- Did Guo Lusheng influence other poets?\n- \n\n\nSee the last examples. Predict the preceding dialog. DIALOG:\nWhat happened in the 1992 UEFA Cup final?\n- Northern Ireland were drawn in a group with Germany, Poland and Ukraine for their first appearance at a major finals and progressed to the knock-out stages after a historic 2-0 win over Ukraine in Lyon.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- MacPhee received increased media attention at this time due to being the \"only Scot at the Euros\" after all home nations qualified bar Scotland.\n- Did they win the final?\n- \nPreceding conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat happened in the 1992 UEFA Cup final?\n- Northern Ireland were drawn in a group with Germany, Poland and Ukraine for their first appearance at a major finals and progressed to the knock-out stages after a historic 2-0 win over Ukraine in Lyon.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- MacPhee received increased media attention at this time due to being the \"only Scot at the Euros\" after all home nations qualified bar Scotland.\n- Did they win the final?\n- \n\n\nSee the last examples. Predict the preceding dialog. DIALOG:\nwhat happened in 1987 in archaeology\n- \nPreceding conversation:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "DIALOG:\nwhat happened in 1987 in archaeology\n-" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "in a certain diving competition , 5 judges score each dive on a scale from 1 to 10 . the point value of the dive is obtained by dropping the highest score and the lowest score and multiplying the sum of the remaining scores by the degree of difficulty . if a dive with a degree of difficulty of 3.2 received scores of 7.5 , 8.3 , 9.0 , 6.0 , and 8.6 , what was the point value of the dive ?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To calculate the point value of the dive, we first need to drop the highest and lowest scores. The highest score is 9.0 and the lowest score is 6.0. We then sum the remaining scores:\n\n7.5 + 8.3 + 8.6 = 24.4\n\nNext, we multiply this sum by the degree of difficulty, which is 3.2:\n\n24.4 * 3.2 = 78.08\n\nTherefore, the point value of the dive is 78.08.." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Consider this response: South Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone station South Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone () is a station on Line 6 of the Shanghai Metro.\nWhat was the preceding dialog?\nPreceding dialog: DIALOG:\nWhat is the South Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone station?\n- \n\nResponse: Lou language Lou may be: The preceding conversation:\n\nPreceding conversation: DIALOG:\nwhat does jessica simpson have to do with the language of the people\n- \n\nWrite an example conversation that led to this. This: During this period, Rispoli also lectured in Holy Scripture and morals at the Cathedral of Mdina, Malta.\nPreceding conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat happened in 1870 to John Matthew Rispoli?\n- \n\nSee the last examples. Predict the preceding dialog. DIALOG:\nWhat is North Carolina Tar Heels men's soccer?\n- \nPreceding conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat is North Carolina Tar Heels men's soccer?\n- \n\nProblem: If this is the response, what came before? It suffered a similar defeat in the May 1998 parliamentary election, in which it won 24.5% of the vote but only one seat in the National Assembly.\n++++++++++\nBefore this should be: DIALOG:\nWhat is the Basotho National Party?\n- Basotho National Party The Basotho National Party is a political party in Lesotho, founded in the 1959 as the Basutoland National Party by Leabua Jonathan.\n- Was he elected?\n- He was Prime Minister from 1965 until the coup of 1986.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- In the 1993 general election, the BNP received almost 23% of the vote but did not win any seats in the National Assembly, with all 65 seats going to the party's rival, the Basotho Congress Party (BCP).\n- What happened after that?\n- \n\nConsider this response: On 18 October 1871, Beattie died of diphtheria and was succeeded as locomotive engineer by his son William George Beattie.\nWhat was the preceding dialog?\nPreceding dialog:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "DIALOG:\nWhen did Joseph Hamilton Beattie die?\n- " } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What was the response? A dialog between 2 people: -What was Mary Lily Walker's Grey Lodge Settlement?; -To this end she persuaded the DSU to train workers in her house, Grey Lodge Settlement, on the basis that she would fund training for one worker if the group funded two themselves.; -When did Mary Lily Walker die?; -Mary Lily Walker died on the morning of 1 July 1913, in her bed in Grey Lodge, Dundee.; -Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?; -Shortly before her death, she was attended by her doctor, Julia F. Pringle, who worked at the Dundee Infants Hospital and Blackscroft Baby Clinic.; -Who was her death registered by?; -" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The death was registered by her close friend Guilmera Peterson, younger sister of Meta Peterson, Mary Lily's lifelong friend." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into Portugese.\n\nEx Input:\nونفس الشيء بدأ يحدث مع الأجهزة أيضا.\n\nEx Output:\nE o mesmo está começando a acontecer com o hardware.\n\n\nEx Input:\nفي قفص مثل هذا — (تصفيق) قفص مثل هذا — بشرط أن لديك جرذان ، والآن لدينا حاليا 25 من جرذان السل — في قفص مثل هذا ، وتعمل على مدار اليوم ، يمكنها معالجة 1680 عينة.\n\nEx Output:\nUma gaiola como esta — (Aplausos) Uma gaiola como esta — assumindo que você tenha os ratos, e agora nós temos precisamente 25 ratos de tuberculose — uma gaiola como esta, operando durante todo o dia, pode processar 1.680 amostras.\n\n\nEx Input:\nوهذا بدوره يطرح ثلاثة أسئلة مهمة: ما هى الحياة ؟\n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Então isto levanta três questões realmente importantes: O que é a vida?\n\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Tell me about I Need a Girl (Trey Songz song)." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "\\\"I Need a Girl\\\" is a song by American recording artist Trey Songz." }, { "from": "human", "value": "What happened with the song I Need a Girl?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Songz performed the song on September 2, 2009 and on \"106 & Park\" as a part of a medley with \"Successful\" and \"LOL Smiley Face\", and on September 9, 2009 on \"The Wendy Williams Show\"." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Where did the song I Need a Girl come from?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Source" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Admission to an amusement park is 8 dollars for adults and 5 dollars for children. If 201 dollars was paid for 33 tickets, how many children's tickets were purchased?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Let's denote the number of adult tickets as A and the number of children's tickets as C. We have two pieces of information that can be translated into equations:\n\n1. The total cost for all tickets is $201.\n2. The total number of tickets is 33.\n\nThe cost equation based on the given prices is:\n8A + 5C = 201\n\nThe total number of tickets equation is:\nA + C = 33\n\nWe can solve this system of equations using substitution or elimination. Let's use substitution.\n\nFrom the second equation, we can express A in terms of C:\nA = 33 - C\n\nNow we substitute A in the cost equation:\n8(33 - C) + 5C = 201\n\nExpanding the equation:\n264 - 8C + 5C = 201\n\nCombining like terms:\n-3C = 201 - 264\n-3C = -63\n\nDividing both sides by -3 to solve for C:\nC = -63 / -3\nC = 21\n\nSo, 21 children's tickets were purchased." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following schema:\nInstitution (Institution_id, Institution, Location, Founded, Type, Enrollment, Team, Primary_Conference, building_id)\nbuilding (building_id, Name, Street_address, Years_as_tallest, Height_feet, Floors)\nprotein (common_name, protein_name, divergence_from_human_lineage, accession_number, sequence_length, sequence_identity_to_human_protein, Institution_id)\nWrite a SQL query to how many proteins are associated with an institution in a building with at least 20 floors?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "SELECT COUNT( * ) FROM institution AS T1 JOIN protein AS T2 ON T1.institution_id = T2.institution_id JOIN building AS T3 ON T3.building_id = T1.building_id WHERE T3.floors >= 20 ;" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.\nIn this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two \"_\"s.\nExample: He grew up in Evanston, Illinois the second oldest of five children including his brothers, Fred and Gordon and sisters, Marge (Peppy) and Marilyn. His high school days were spent at New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois. MacKenzie studied with Bernard Leach from 1949 to 1952. _His_ simple, wheel-thrown functional pottery is heavily influenced by the oriental aesthetic of Shoji Hamada and Kanjiro Kawai. <sep>, Pronoun: His <sep>, A: MacKenzie <sep>, B: Bernard Leach\nOutput: A\nBased on the text, his refers to MacKenzie so option A is correct.\n\nNew input case for you: In the event, the proletariat through the dictatorship of the proletariat would establish a communal State (per the 1871 Paris Commune model), then gradually suppress the dissenting bourgeoisie, in achieving the withering away of the State as its institutions begin to ``lose their political character''. Thus, following Marx's conclusions on the Paris commune, which Lenin took as _his_ model Lenin declared that the task of the Revolution was to smash the State. <sep>, Pronoun: his <sep>, A: Marx <sep>, B: Lenin\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "B" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "After a storm deposits 115 billion gallons of water into the city reservoir, the reservoir is 80% full. If the original contents of the reservoir totaled 245 billion gallons, the reservoir was approximately what percentage full before the storm?\nAnswer Choices: (A) 45% (B) 48% (C) 54% (D) 58% (E) 65%" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Let's solve the multi-choice question step by step.\nWhen the storm deposited 115 billion gallons, volume of water in the reservoir = 245 + 115 = 360 billion gallons\nIf this is only 80% of the capacity of the reservoir, the total capacity of the reservoir = 360/0.8 = 450 billion gallons\nTherefore percentage of reservoir that was full before the storm = (245/450)*100 = 54.4%\nThe answer is C" } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "BACKGROUND: Plant viruses in agricultural crops are of great concern worldwide, and over 75% of them are transmitted from infected to healthy plants by insect vectors. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a begomovirus, which is the largest and most economically important group of plant viruses, transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. The circulation of TYLCV in the insect involves complex insect-virus interactions, whereas the molecular mechanisms of these interactions remain ambiguous. The insect gut as a barrier for viral entry and dissemination is thought to regulate the vector specificity. However, due to its tiny size, information for the responses of whitefly gut to virus infection is limited. METHODS: We investigated the transcriptional response of the gut of B. tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 species to TYLCV infection using Illumina sequencing. RESULTS: A total of 5207 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between viruliferous and non-viruliferous whitefly guts were identified. Enrichment analyses showed that cargo receptor and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters were enriched in DEGs, and might help the virus to cross gut barrier. TYLCV could perturb cell cycle and DNA repair as a possible result of its replication in the whitefly. Our data also demonstrated that TYLCV can activate whitefly defense responses, such as antimicrobial peptides. Meanwhile, a number of genes involved in intracellular signaling were activated by TYLCV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal the complex insect-virus relationship in whitefly gut and provide substantial molecular information for the role of insect midguts in virus transmission. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-018-0926-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Please summerize the given abstract to a title" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Transcriptome profiling of whitefly guts in response to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Polish. Your job is to translate the Polish sentence into Hebrew.\n\nLet me give you an example: życiu stawić czoła Granicę przekrocz \"\" Będziesz wolna \"\", już ktoś tam woła. Kobiety nadziei Kobiety zmian Kobiety wojny i bólu Czuję waszą siłę tak ona powiedziała Jeśli czujesz się bezsilna, pomóż komuś Jeśli czujesz się bezsilna pomóż komuś Nikt naprawdę nie wie jak daleko pójdą by dalej żyć Nikt naprawdę nie wie jak daleko pójdą\nThe answer to this example can be: ♫ עם הכוח לעמוד ♫ ♫ בחצותה את הגבול ♫ ♫ היא אמרה, \"\" אתם תגדלו חופשיים על האדמה הזו \"\" ♫ ♫ נשים של תקווה ♫ ♫ נשים של שינוי ♫ ♫ נשים של מלחמה וכאב ♫ ♫ אני יכולה להרגיש את הכוח שלכן ♫ ♫ במילים אלו היא אמרה ♫ ♫ אם אתן מרגישות חסרות ישע ♫ ♫ עיזרו למישהו ♫ ♫ אם אתן מרגישות חסרות ישע ♫ ♫ עיזרו למישהו ♫ ♫ אף אחד לא באמת יודע ♫ ♫ כמה רחוק הן תלכנה ♫ ♫ כדי להשאר בחיים ♫ ♫ אף אחד לא באמת יודע ♫ ♫ כמה רחוק הן תלכנה ♫\nHere is why: The Polish sentence is correctly translated into Hebrew, because the meaning is preserved.\n\nOK. solve this:\nA to dlatego, że myślimy o szkieletach jako sztywnych systemach dźwigniowych, które wytwarzają prędkość lub siłę.\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "וזה מפני שאנחנו נוטים לחשוב על שלדים כמערכות תמיכה קשיחות שמייצרות מהירות וכוח." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given a review from Amazon and category of the product based on the review given by the user and your task is classify whether the given category match the review. Generate \"True\" if given review and its category match, otherwise generate \"False\".\n\nReviews: The plastic box that holds the kitty was broken and busted up. The kitty inside the broken box was in half with parts loose and falling out. Deplorable presentation for a gift to my son. Poor quality control. \n Category: office_product" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "True" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What font is used on Geographic Information Systems.SE?\n\nWhat's the font name used in the Geographic Information Systems.SE logo?\n\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Looking at the CSS for the page reveals it to be Museo Slab 500. This is a free font from exljbris. http://www.exljbris.com/museoslab.html\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Example conversation: DIALOG:\nWhat happened in Mantua in 1545?\n- \nIn June 1545, the General Council of the Congregatio Cassinense of the Order of Saint Benedict met in Mantua in anticipation of the opening of the Council of Trent.\n\n\nRead the dialog and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat are some examples of the ways that the procedure for blackballing can be modified?\n- For example, two black balls are required to exclude; a limited category or committee of members vote, rather than all members; or in the event of a blackball, the election may be repeated immediately to ensure that there is no mistake, or after a fixed period to allow further information or opinions to be discussed discreetly.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- A variant sometimes used is that all incoming candidates are voted on as a group; if the group as a whole is blackballed, then each member must be voted on individually.\n- What other variants are there?\n- \n\nThe practice also found popularity in areas outside of social clubs.\n\n\nExample conversation: Write the response (start with \"Response:\") DIALOG:\nWhat is the list of integrated towns and hamlets of Weinsberg?\n- Gone off no longer existing places on Weinsberg's communal land are Bodelshofen, Burkhardswiesen (or Burchardeswiesen), Holßhofen, In dem Gründe, Lyndach, Uff the Wier and Wolfshöfle.\n- What is the climate like in Weinsberg?\n- \n\nResponse: The climate is mostly mild by the protected valley situation and favours the extensively operated viticulture.\n\n\nSee the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat is Play at Your Own Risk, Volume 2?\n- Play at Your Own Risk, Volume 2 Play at Your Own Risk, Volume 2 is a compilation of punk rock/hardcore punk bands released by Recess Records in 1995.\n- What did it consist of?\n- It was issued as a double 7\" and single 5\" in a tri-fold jacket and sometimes included a lyrics poster and Halloween napkin.\n- What are some important aspects of it?\n- \n\nIt is notable for including several rare tracks, especially the Propagandhi song \"Portage La Prairie\", which was not released on their compilation \" Where Quantity Is Job #1\". 7 \" #1 7\" #2 5\"\n\n\nGet response for this dialogue: DIALOG:\nWhat role did Blagojevich play in the Ata/Blagojevich conspiracy?\n- \nAccording to the plea agreement, Blagojevich expressed his \"pleasure\" with Ata's fundraising and \"asked Rezko if he (Rezko) had talked to the Defendant [Ata] about positions in the administration, and Rezko responded that he had\".\n\n\nProblem: What could be the response? DIALOG:\nWhat is the difference between the sandriac football club and other Australian football clubs?\n- Scottsdale Football Club The Scottsdale Football Club is an Australian rules football club which competed in the old Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA) between 1948 and 1986.\n- What other leagues did they compete in?\n- Scottsdale joined the Northern Tasmanian Football League in 1987.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- For financial reasons, Scottsdale could no longer field a team in the NTFL and in 2000 switched to the new NTFA, an amateur competition which had been formed four years earlier.\n- Is the club still alive today?\n- Scottsdale, nicknamed \"The Magpies\", currently play in a competition of the Northern Tasmanian Football Association (formed 1996).\n- What do you find to be the most interesting fact about the club?\n- Scottsdale were formed in 1889 and although they originally competed in red and white colours, the club switched to black and white once admitted into the NTFA for the 1948 season.\n- Did the club ever win any championships?\n- \nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "By 1973, Scottsdale had five NTFA premierships, in the space of eight years." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Translate from English to Hindi.\n\nEx Input:\nYou have been so spoiled by it.\n\nEx Output:\nइसी ने तुम्हे इतना बिगाड़ दिया है.\n\n\nEx Input:\nIt's really pretty outside.\n\nEx Output:\nवास्तव में बाहर सुंदर है.\n\n\nEx Input:\nNot for an old crook like me.\n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "मेरे जैसे पुराने बदमाश के लिए नहीं.\n\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Portuguese. Your job is to translate the Portuguese sentence into Italian.\nQ: Este é então o primeiro indicador de que o cenário \"\" todos os cérebros são feitos da mesma forma \"\" não está muito correto.\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Quindi, questo è il primo segno del fatto che lo scenario \"\" tutti i cervelli vengono fatti nello stesso modo \"\" non è molto corretto." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "DIALOG:\nWhat is the execution of Thai royalty?\n- \nNext turn: Execution of Thai royalty The execution of Thai royalty (th: การสำเร็จโทษด้วยท่อนจันทน์; RTGS: \"kan samret thot duai thon chan\"; the act of executing royalty by using a sandalwood cudgel) was the process of executing Thai royalty by means of one sandalwood cudgel or more upon his or her neck or stomach.\n\n\nProblem: What could be the response? DIALOG:\nWhat did Arthur Koestler say about death?\n- I fear both death and the act of dying that lies ahead of us.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- I should have liked to finish my account of working for Arthur – a story which began when our paths happened to cross in 1949.\n- What did he do that was so important?\n- However, I cannot live without Arthur, despite certain inner resources.\n- What did they end up doing?\n- \nA: Double suicide has never appealed to me, but now Arthur's incurable diseases have reached a stage where there is nothing else to do.\n\n\nQUESTION: Write another turn of this conversation. DIALOG:\nWhat is the difference between the Lopburi River and other rivers in Thailand?\n- Lopburi River The Lopburi River (, , ) is a tributary of the Chao Phraya River in central Thailand.\n- Where does the Lopburi River start?\n- It splits from the Chao Phraya river at Tambon Bang Phutsa, Singburi.\n- Where does the Lopburi River end?\n- Passing through Tha Wung district and the town of Lopburi, it enters the Chao Phraya together with the Pa Sak River at the town of Ayutthaya.\n- How long is the Lopburi River?\n- \nANS: It is about long.\n\n\nquestion: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWhat is the motto of London South Collegiate Institute?\n- The school's Latin motto, \"virtus repulsae nescia sordidae\", means \"courage will never know ignominious defeat.\n- What is the fight song of the school?\n- \nresponse: \" They are also known for the school's fight song: Garnet and Grey, Garnet and Grey, Knock them down and lead the way!\n\n\nQ: See the conversation. DIALOG:\nWhat was the leading principle in Hopwood v. Texas?\n- Hopwood v.\n- What was the result of the case?\n- \n****\nNext: Texas Hopwood v.\n\n\nSee the conversation examples, and predict the next turn. DIALOG:\nWhat is Tuhfat Ul Mujahideen?\n- Tuhfat Ul Mujahideen ' Tuhfat al-Mujahidin fi ba‘d Akhbar al-Burtughaliyin' (Arabic:تحفة المجاهدين في بعض اخبار البرتغاليين , often shortened as 'Tuhfat al-Mujahidin') is a historical work by Zainuddin Makhdoom on the struggle between the Mappila Muslims of Malabar and Portuguese colonial forces in the 16th century.\n- What is the significance?\n- It is the first historical work of Kerala to be authored by a keralite.\n- What was the impact?\n- \n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The book describes the resistance put up by the navy of Kunjali Marakkar alongside the Zamorin of Calicut from 1498 to 1583 against Portuguese attempts to colonize the Malabar coast." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "Easton became interested in stocks when he was 21 years old. He wanted to be a self-made man, and he believed that investing in stocks would help him achieve that goal. He started reading books about investing and listening to podcasts about financial news, and he eventually began buying and selling stocks himself. We can generate a dialogue by building upon this." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Easton: I'm really interested in stocks and I want to start investing in them." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sarah: What made you become interested in stocks?" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Easton: I want to be a self-made man, and I believe that investing in stocks would help me achieve that goal. Plus, it seems like a lot of fun." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sarah: It does seem like it could be interesting. Have you been reading up on it or anything?" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Easton: Yeah, I've been reading books about investing and listening to podcasts about financial news. And I've started buying and selling stocks myself." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sarah: That's great! I'm sure you'll be successful at it." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you have to generate the named entities (NER) given its ingredients of the recipe. Named entities are the names of the items without their quantity.\n\n[EX Q]: 400 g salmon fillets, that have been skinned and de-boned roughly 4 medium sized fillets, 150 g whole meal bread, roughly 2 slices from a sliced loaf, 50 g pine nuts, 2 tablespoons parsley, 1 lemon, zest of, 200 g yellow bell peppers, deseeded, 200 g red bell peppers, deseeded, 200 g courgettes, 200 g mushrooms, 1 tablespoon of chopped fresh rosemary or 1 tablespoon fresh basil or 1 tablespoon fresh oregano, 2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil, 200 g couscous, 1 teaspoon chopped dried mint, boiling water, 14 teaspoon salt\n[EX A]: salmon, meal bread, nuts, parsley, lemon, yellow bell peppers, red bell peppers, courgettes, mushrooms, fresh rosemary, extra virgin olive oil, couscous, mint, boiling water, salt\n\n[EX Q]: 1 pkg. Duncan Hines devils food cake mix, 1 stick butter, 3/4 cup creamy peanut butter, 1 (7 oz.) jar marshmallow creme\n[EX A]: cake mix, butter, peanut butter, marshmallow creme\n\n[EX Q]: 2/3 c. cooking oil, 1 1/2 c. sugar, 3 eggs, 3 c. self-rising flour, 1 c. chopped nuts, 2 tsp. vanilla, 3 c. brandied fruit, well drained*\n[EX A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "cooking oil, sugar, eggs, flour, nuts, vanilla, brandied fruit\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Spanish. Your job is to translate the Spanish sentence into Italian.\n\nEra demasiado grande." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Era troppo grande." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task you will be given a process, and a question. The process contains a sequence of steps that happen in order. The question asks about the effect of a certain event on another event. If the first event has a positive effect on the second event, answer with \"for\", if it has a negative effect, answer with \"against\". If there's no causal relationship between the two, answer with \"none\".\n--------\nQuestion: Process: -Wind passes the turbines and moves the blades -The shaft of the turbine spins -Shaft is connected to a generator -The generator uses the spins of the shaft to rotate a rotor -The rotor spins inside the core, which has magnets inside surrounded by wire loops inside -The spinning of the rotor in the core generates electricity -\n Question: What is the effect of more wind produced on more turbine spins.?\n\nAnswer: for\n\n\nQuestion: Process: -Food enters the small intestine -The small intestine produces hormones -The hormones cause the pancreas to produce enzymes for digestion -The enzymes travel from the pancreas to the small intestine through tubes -The enzymes help the intestines digest the food -The pancreas produces the hormones insuline and glucagon -The hormones control the amount of sugar in the blood.\n Question: What is the effect of more clean energy produced on pancreas produces more enzymes.?\n\nAnswer: none\n\n\nQuestion: Process: -The liver filters blood from the digestive tract -The liver produces bile -The liver produces proteins for blood plasma -The liver converts excess glucose into glycogen for storage -The liver converts ammonia to urea -The liver regulates blood clotting.\n Question: What is the effect of more ozone layer available on more bile occurs.?\n\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "none\n\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the minimum sample size required to determine the average weight of a specific species of birds with a 95% confidence level and a margin of error of 0.5 grams?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To determine the minimum sample size required, we need to use the following formula:\n\nn = (Z^2 * σ^2) / E^2\n\nwhere:\nn = sample size\nZ = Z-score (1.96 for a 95% confidence level)\nσ = population standard deviation\nE = margin of error (0.5 grams)\n\nHowever, we do not have the population standard deviation (σ) for the specific species of birds. If you can provide the standard deviation, we can calculate the minimum sample size. If you don't have the standard deviation, you can use a pilot study or previous research to estimate it." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: Classify the relation of question with context to one of these categories: 1) award received, 2) based on, collection, 3) conflict, 4) constellation, 5) convicted of, 6) date of death, 7) director, 8) drafted by, 9) educated at, 10) medical condition, 11) military branch, 12) narrative location, 13) occupation, 14) original network, 15) parent company, 16) point in time, 17) production company, 18) residence, 19) series, 20) service entry, 21) sex or gender, 22) spouse, 23) standards body question.\nInput: Context : Looker is a 1981 science fiction film written and directed by Michael Crichton. \nQuestion : Which production company is involved with Looker?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "production company" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Eric sorted 150 colored pencils into some containers for his art class. Before class, another teacher brought him 30 more pencils. Now, he can evenly distribute 36 pencils between the containers. How many containers does Eric have?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Eric initially had 150 colored pencils. After another teacher brought him 30 more pencils, he had a total of 150 + 30 = 180 colored pencils.\n\nIf he can now evenly distribute 36 pencils between the containers, we can find the number of containers by dividing the total number of pencils by the number of pencils per container.\n\nNumber of containers = Total number of pencils / Number of pencils per container\nNumber of containers = 180 / 36\nNumber of containers = 5\n\nTherefore, Eric has 5 containers." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "question: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWhat happened to Franz Liszt in Trieste?\n- Liszt first travelled to Venice, then to Trieste, where he gave concerts on November 5 and 11.\n- What happened in Vienna?\n- On November 19, 1839, Liszt gave a first concert in Vienna.\n- What happened after the concert?\n- He was afterwards ill for about a week.\n- Did he give another concert?\n- From November 27, Liszt gave additional concerts in Vienna.\n- What was the outcome?\n- \nresponse: They were huge successes.\n\nquestion: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWho is Maria Anna Fisher?\n- Maria Anna Fisher Maria Anna Fisher (1819–1911), also known as Anna Maria Fisher, was an African American baker, entrepreneur and philanthropist.\n- How was Maria Anna Fisher entrepreneur?\n- Beginning around 1834, at the age of 15, she sold homemade biscuits door to door in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at 12.5 cents each. With her earnings she eventually purchased a fourteen-room house and more than dozen other houses that she rented out.\n- What else was Maria Anna Fisher known for?\n- She never raised the price for her biscuits.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- \nresponse: Fisher died in 1911 and left a $70,000 estate to charities, including the Tuskegee Institute and the Hampton Institute.\n\nquestion: Write a response. DIALOG:\nWhere was the Newby Head Inn located?\n- The inn stood at 1425 feet above sea level in desolate countryside.\n- Who was the innkeeper?\n- Thomas Guy was innkeeper in 1821.\n- Who was the landowner?\n- Edmund Thistlethwaite was landlord in 1841 and by 1851 John Swinbank had taken over.\n- Did anyone else manage the landown?\n- In 1905 the landlord changed from Christopher Swinback to Simeon Parker.\n- How long did the Swinbanks manage the landown?\n- \nresponse:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The Swinbanks had been at Newby Head at least since 1851 when John Swinbank was 'victualler and farmer' with 170 acres of land." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "How long can you effectively store a glycerol stock at -20 degrees Celsius?\n\nI know that glycerol stocks are typically kept in a -80 °C freezer, however there are some people who do not have access to such equipment. How long would you be able to keep a glycerol stock at around -20 °C (typical household freezer temperature). I would like to create a new stock before anything goes amiss.\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "While I believe that it is possible to keep a bacterial culture viable while frozen in glycerol stock at around -20 °C, as attested to by WYSIWYG, it is important to note that your \"typical household freezer\" may not be suitable for such a purpose. \nThis is because household freezers usually have an \"auto-defrost\" function. This makes it temporarily thaw out to remove the frost that condenses from atmospheric moisture. If storing sensitive materials such as bacterial/cell culture frozen stocks, this would lead to repeated freeze-thaw cycles which would damage the viability of the stocks. \nFor that reason, almost all laboratory freezers do not have that function, and instead need to be manually defrosted routinely. \n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Galician. Your job is to translate the Galician sentence into Polish.\nQ: Significa tamén: \"\" mañá \"\", despois do día e da noite.\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Oznacza również \"\" jutro \"\", po całym dniu i nocy." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given two options and you need to select the one that best connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by 'Option 1' if the first option is correct, otherwise 'Option 2'. The incorrect option will change the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences is no longer consistent with the story.\nQ: Sentence 1: Oliver was playing in the kitchen with his brother. \n Sentence 3: Oliver started building a sandwich with tons of nasty ingredients \n Sentence 4: He dared his little brother to eat the weird sandwich \n Sentence 5: His brother did, and Oliver gave him some candy as a prize! \n Option 1: They decided to pretend that they were chefs. \n Option 2: They decided to pretend they were house keepers and cleaned the kitchen.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Option 1" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Alan went to the market and bought 20 eggs at the price of $2 per egg. He bought x chickens for the price of $8 per chicken. Alan spent 88 money at the market. What is the value of unknown variable x? What is the value of unknown variable x?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "To solve this problem, we need to determine the value of x, which represents the number of chickens Alan bought.\nLet's break down the information given:\nNumber of eggs bought: 20\nCost per egg: $2\nNumber of chickens bought: x\nCost per chicken: $8\nTotal amount spent: $88\nWe can set up the equation as follows:\nNumber of eggs bought * Cost per egg + Number of chickens bought * Cost per chicken = Total amount spent\n20 * $2 + x * $8 = $88\nLet's simplify and solve for x:\n40 + 8x = 88\nTo isolate x, we subtract 40 from both sides of the equation:\n40 + 8x - 40 = 88 - 40\n8x = 48\nTo solve for x, we divide both sides of the equation by 8:\nx = 48 / 8\nx = 6\nThe value of x is 6.\n#### 6\nThe answer is: 6" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Eight people fit in a row on an airplane, and there are 12 rows. Only 3/4 of the seats in each row are allowed to be seated. How many seats will not be occupied on that plane?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "In each row, there are 8 x 3/4 = 6 seats that are allowed to be seated.\nSo, for 12 rows, there are 12 x 6 = <<12*6=72>>72 seats that are allowed to be seated.\nSince there are a total of 12 x 8 = <<12*8=96>>96 seats on the plane,\nthere will be 96 - 72 = <<96-72=24>>24 seats that will not be occupied.\n#### 24\nThe answer is: 24" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "what is the money currency in guatemala?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(JOIN (R location.country.currency_used) m.0345_)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Give me a list or table of data useful for answering this question." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "0. fx0c is date founded is \"2010\".\n 1. tzh is contains are 01p8s are." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "What is the Three-eyed Crow true identity on the show?\n\nIs the Three-eyed Crow identity on the show the same as on the books?\nAs we know from the books, the Three-eyed Crow is actually\n\nSer Brynden \"Bloodraven\" Rivers, one of the Great Bastards of Aegon IV Targaryen; he is an albino, one of his red eyes was lost in battle and he has a large birthmark on his face.\n\nI was puzzled by the absence of his distinctive physical features from the show depiction, he is just an old man here; I did a little search (it's been a while since I last watched those episodes), and apparently his former identity as in the books is never mentioned on the show.\nIs there an official reason for this omission? Is it implied that his identity is the same as in the books, or is he meant to be someone else? Or, was it chosen not to attribute to him any particular identity to keep things simpler?\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "We don't know.\nThe identity of the Three-Eyed Raven is not hinted at in the show, and Brynden Rivers is never mentioned. He is also called the Three-Eyed Raven, not Crow; this could mean he's a different character altogether. Of course, Brynden Rivers's nickname was \"Bloodraven\", although that was partly because of the birthmark which the show character is missing.\nThe Three-Eyed Raven does say the following to Bran in season 6, episode 3:\n\nDo you think I wanted to sit here for a thousand years, watching the world from a distance as the roots grew through me?\n\nIf he literally means that he has been the Three-Eyed Raven for a millennium, he can obviously not be Brynden Rivers.\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Is it true that the more you exercise the less money you spend?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes, this is generally true. Exercise can help people save money in many ways. For example, regular physical activity can reduce stress and anxiety, which can lead to lower medical bills. People who are physically active also tend to have higher incomes due to their greater productivity. Additionally, exercising regularly can increase energy levels, leading to increased productivity at work or school. Finally, being physically active can improve sleep quality, helping people get better restful sleep, which can lead to improved concentration and productivity during the day." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language and your task is to convert English sentence into the Gujarati language.\n--------\nQuestion: Three men stand on a patio near a red and green motorcycle parked next to a black motorcycle.\n\nAnswer: ત્રણ પુરુષો કાળા મોટરસાઇકલની આગળ પાર્ક કરેલી લાલ અને લીલા મોટરસાઇકલ નજીક પેશિયો પર ઊભા છે.\n\n\nQuestion: two double stacker tour buses parked in front of a building with aclock built into the side of it\n\nAnswer: તેની બાજુમાં બાંધવામાં આવેલા એક્લોક સાથે બિલ્ડિંગની સામે બે ડબલ સ્ટેકર ટૂર બસો પાર્ક છે\n\n\nQuestion: This a close up picture of the giraffes face his eyes are half closed.\n\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "આ જીરાફ્સની એક ક્લોઝ અપ ચિત્ર તેના આંખો અડધા બંધ છે.\n\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "Alexandra spends most of their money on rent, utilities, and groceries. Now Alexandra feels stressed because they can't afford to go out with their friends or buy new clothes. Drawing from this, let's produce a conversation." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Alexandra: I can't believe how much money I spend on just rent and groceries every month. I feel like I can never get ahead." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sasha: Yeah, it's tough when your expenses are so high. Have you thought about looking for a cheaper place to live?" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Alexandra: I've looked, but it's hard to find anything affordable these days. Plus, I really like my apartment and don't want to move." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sasha: Well, maybe there are some other ways you can save money. Do you have any ideas?" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Alexandra: Not really. I feel like I'm already doing everything I can to save money. Do you have any suggestions?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sasha: Well, one thing you could do is cut back on going out with your friends. That could save you a lot of money each month." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Alexandra: Yeah, that's true. But I don't want to stop seeing my friends altogether. We always have such a good time when we're together." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sasha: Okay, well maybe you don't need to go out as often then. Instead of going out every weekend, try going out once or twice a month instead. That way you'll still be able to see your friends but won't be spending as much money each month" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Alexandra: Yeah, that's a good idea. I'll try it." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sasha: Great! I'm sure you'll be able to save a lot of money that way." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Gujarati. Translate it from the Gujarati language to the Telugu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nProblem:વર્ષ 2022 સુધી ભારતીય પીએસયુ કેવી રીતે નવીનીકરણ અને સંશોધનનો સમન્વય કરશે?\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "2022 క‌ల్లా భార‌తీయ పిఎస్‌యు లు నూత‌న ఆవిష్క‌ర‌ణ మ‌రియు ప‌రిశోధ‌న‌ ల‌ను ఏ విధంగా ఏకీక‌రించుకొంటాయి ?" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "I am trying to parse an arff file in Python without the use of external libraries. The file consists of attributes and their numerical values, but I am unable to relate the attributes to the values. For example, I want to say the first numerical value in each row is the 'age' and the second one is the 'sex'. I have written some code that prints the values, but the output is not what I expect. I want the output to resemble the format produced by the arff library from Weka, as shown in the image below. How can I parse this arff file and relate the attributes to their numerical values in Python?\n\n\n\nHere's the sample code I have written:\n\n```python\narr=[]\narff_file = open(\"heart_train.arff\")\ncount=0\nfor line in arff_file:\n count+=1\n if not (line.startswith(\"@\")):\n if not (line.startswith(\"%\")):\n line=line.strip(\"\\n\")\n line=line.split(',')\n arr.append(line)\nprint(arr[1:30])\n```\n\nAnd here is the current output of my code:\n\n```python\n[['37', 'male', 'non_anginal', '130', '250', 'f', 'normal', '187', 'no', '3.5', 'down', '0', 'normal', 'negative'], ['41', 'female', 'atyp_angina', '130', '204', 'f', 'left_vent_hyper', '172', 'no', '1.4', 'up', '0', 'normal', 'negative'].....]\n```" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The solution to your problem is to handle the attributes and the data separately. We will first read the attribute names into a list. Then, while reading the data, we will create a dictionary for each row, mapping each attribute to its corresponding value. Here is how you can do it:\n\n```python\nattributes = []\ndata = []\n\nwith open('heart_train.arff', 'r') as f:\n for line in f:\n if line.startswith('@attribute'):\n # Extract the attribute name\n attributes.append(line.split()[1].strip(\"'\"))\n elif not (line.startswith('@') or line.startswith('%')):\n # Create a dictionary for each row\n row = line.strip().split(',')\n row_dict = {attributes[i]: val for i, val in enumerate(row)}\n data.append(row_dict)\n\n# Now, data is a list of dictionaries. Print first 30 rows.\nfor row in data[:30]:\n print(row)\n```\n\nThis will give you output like the following:\n\n```python\n{'age': '37', 'sex': 'male', 'cp': 'non_anginal', 'trestbps': '130', 'chol': '250', 'fbs': 'f', 'restecg': 'normal', 'thalach': '187', 'exang': 'no', 'oldpeak': '3.5', 'slope': 'down', 'ca': '0', 'thal': 'normal', 'class': 'negative'}\n{'age': '41', 'sex': 'female', 'cp': 'atyp_angina', 'trestbps': '130', 'chol': '204', 'fbs': 'f', 'restecg': 'left_vent_hyper', 'thalach': '172', 'exang': 'no', 'oldpeak': '1.4', 'slope': 'up', 'ca': '0', 'thal': 'normal', 'class': 'negative'}\n```\n\nThis format is much easier to understand and work with than the original format because it associates each value with its corresponding attribute." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nYou are given a sentence, a question and two answer options. Your task is to write down the index ('A' or 'B') of the **incorrect** option for the given question.\n\nSentence: The flooring people were used to tile that they could maneuver into place easily. The new tile didn't have the same kind of give that the old tile did, so they had to be more careful. Question: Which tile could be broken more easily? (A) The new tile (B) The old tile\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "B" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "This task is about translating a given French language sentence to English.\nOne example: Vous avez fait quelque chose de tellement bien aujourd'hui ! Pourquoi vous m'évitez ?\nSolution is here: You did such a great thing today, why are you avoiding me?\nExplanation: This is a good example because the French sentence has been translated correctly to English.\n\nNow, solve this: La presse écrite est morte.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Newspaper business, dead." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Two dice are thrown together .What is the probability that the sum of the number on the two faces is divided by 4 or 6\nAnswer Choices: (A) 5/7 (B) 3/4 (C) 7/18 (D) 5/17 (E) 7/9" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Let's reason about the multi-choice question.\nClearly n(S)=6*6=36\nLet E be the event that the sum of the numbers on the two faces is divided by 4 or 6.Then\nE={(1,3),(1,5),(2,2),(2,4),(2,6),(3,1),(3,3),(3,5),(4,2),(4,4),(5,1),(5,3),(6,2),\n(6,6)}\nnE=14.\nHence p(e)=n(e)/n(s)=14/36=7/18\nThe answer is C" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Marathi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nInput: আপনি দেশের নাম উজ্জ্বল করেছেন।\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "आपल्या देशाचं नाव उज्ज्वल केल्याबद्दल आम्हाला तुझ्याविषयी अभिमान वाटतो." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Add a requirement to the following prompt: Calculate the average of the numbers in the table below. \nPrompt with requirement: Calculate the average of the numbers in the table below, but exclude any numbers that are divisible by 3." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, here's the updated prompt: \nCalculate the average of the numbers in the table below, but exclude any numbers that are divisible by 3.\n| 4 | 9 | 2 |\n|---|---|---|\n| 5 | 8 | 1 |\n| 3 | 6 | 7 |" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task you are given a list of numbers and you need to find the average of each two consecutive values. The average of two numbers a and b is calculated as: (a + b) /2. The output should be a list of the averages of each two consecutive values. A list is presented with two brackets and comma-separated values, like: [1,2,3].\n\n[-7, -31, 18, 63]\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "[-19.0, -6.5, 40.5]" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a set of four words, generate the category that the words belong to. Words are separated by commas. The possible categories are social gathering, accomodation, physical property, measurement unit, corporate, nutritional value, boats, police punishment, location (proximity), card games, outdoor sport activity, military rank, baby animals, weather, consumer product, animals, boxing terminology, food, chocolate food, bird, type of sandwich, date status, body part, ocean, employment activity, moral characteristic, elements, poker, computers, construction, guitar part, shady activities, physical activity, kitchenware, temperature, type of rigidity, emotional status, season, mode of transportation, window material, activity, emotional display, geographical property, fried food, store status, widespread, aesthetic characteristic, alcoholic drinks, secretary duty, direction, personal characteristic, and animal.\n\nExample input: excavator, crane, hoist, upraise\nExample output: construction\nExample explanation: These four words are all construction equipment, such as 'excavator', 'crane', and 'hoist', or describe a common activity used in construction, such as 'upraise'.\nQ: cool, mild, cold, refreshing\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "temperature" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Why does Khan have two copies of \"Paradise Lost\"?\n\nInspired by this question (which was inspired by this other question). \nIn his bookshelf, Khan has two copies of John Milton's Paradise Lost. One of them looks newer and thinner, and it also contains Paradise Regained. \nIs there a significance in the fact he has two copies? Or is it just a mistake by the prop department? Have the filmmakers discussed this? \nNote, I'm not asking why someone like you or me may have two copies of a book. I'm asking if there are canonical in-universe or out-of-universe reasons for Khan to have those two copies of Paradise Lost (e.g. he loves it more than, say, Moby Dick; the producers wanted to stress he's more Satan than Ahab; the Regained copy belonged to his wife and when she died he lost the possibility of redemption; two people from the prop department brought their own copy of the book and they decided to use both; the font of the main book title looked not enough visible and the prop department had to add a second copy so the viewers don't miss it; etc).\nIf no canonical reason exist, the best speculation \"within the spirit of canon\" will be awarded the green mark. \n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Some copies of works such as this are more thoroughly annotated. I, for example, have several different copies of Romeo & Juliet and the Complete Works of William Shakespeare, mainly because the annotations are different. One copy may focus on word usage of the day, the other might include more references to other contemporaneous work of the day or might have heavy references to Shakespeare's inspiration and influences regarding a particular story-line or bit of poetics.\nAnd, if I really love a book, I want multiple copies to give away.\nReasons why:\n1) The look.\n2) People know you like a classical author and get you more copies.\n3) Different information in different editions.\n4) So that you can spread the gospel and be okay about lending or giving away copies because you have multiple.\n5) A battered copy to write your own notations in.\n6) This is the reason I see for Khan here: collections from an author often include something you already own, but you go ahead and buy it. It's actually difficult to find Paradise Regained on its own. The same is often true of less popular Shakespearean plays, which will be found packaged with more popular plays such as Romeo & Juliet, or Twelfth Night, but aren't found as often on their own.\n" } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "Meara went from 0 to 60 in 10 seconds. Her speed was significantly improved. Let's generate a conversation by leveraging this narrative." }, { "from": "human", "value": "Meara: Coach, I don't know what happened. One minute I was running slow as usual, and the next thing I know, I was flying! It was like my body just switched into overdrive or something." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Coach: That's amazing, Meara! I've never seen anyone improve their speed so dramatically in such a short period of time. What do you think caused this sudden change?" }, { "from": "human", "value": "Meara: I'm not sure. Maybe it's because I finally realized that I can be fast if I really want to be. Or maybe it's because I've been training hard and my body is just responding to that. Either way, I'm glad it happened!" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Coach: Me too! This is a great breakthrough for you and it will undoubtedly help you reach your goals. Keep up the good work and who knows how fast you'll be running in a few months' time!" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "The first point falls in the first quadrant, and the second point falls in the second quadrant." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "You are given a sentence. Your task is to calculate the number of uppercase letters in it.\n“Hello, world!”." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a text, write a compressed version of it in a single sentence.\nQ: If you missed the most recent installments of this column, here they are: posted Friday, Nov. 20, and Tuesday, Nov. 17.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The most recent installment will be posted on Tuesday Nov. 17 and Friday Nov 20." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Expected value of samples\n\nI would like to calculate a covariance matrix of my data sample.\nHow do I calculate the expected value for it, e.g.:\n$$ E[(X_{2}-\\mu_{2})(X_{1}-\\mu_{1})] $$\nMy problem is, that I don't understand how to calculate the expected value since on wikipedia's definition I need a probility function for it (where shall it come from?).\nThe mean is no problem but it's not the mean what is required, isn't it?\nBut I know how to calculate the covariance matrix via R or Eigen, thus I guess it is doable somehow.. but how??\nTwo parameters of my data sample:\nX1={2.75083, 2.75095, 2.75074, 2.75106, 2.75082, 2.75096}\nX2={376.499, 374.8, 373.288, 382.299, 377.092, 374.752}\nedit: I read a bit more carefully and when all probabilities are equal then it's just an average indeed.\nIs that correct?\n\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Usually, given the data, you calculate the estimated mean. Let us call each sample from the true distribution (that has mean $\\mu_1$) $x_i$. Let $\\hat{\\mu_1} = \\frac{1}{n}\\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i$. In this equation, each term $x_i$ and $\\hat{\\mu_1}$ are random variables. By the linearity of expectation: \n$ E[\\hat{\\mu_1}] = E[\\frac{1}{n}\\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i] = \\frac{1}{n}\\sum_{i=1}^{n}E[x_i] = \\frac{1}{n}nE[x_i] = E[x_i]$\nBut it is known that $x_i$ follows the true underlying distribution. By the law of large number, with enough samples your mean estimate $\\hat{\\mu_1} \\rightarrow \\mu_1$, as $n \\rightarrow \\infty$. It explains why $\\frac{1}{n}\\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i$ is used to approximate $\\mu_1 = E[x_i]$.\nThus, you have no probability function, but you have the samples. You approximate the functional values (expectation, mean, etc.) of the true probability distribution (where $x_i$'s come from) by using averaging on the data set you suspect comes from that true distribution. Thus, even though you do not know the true distribution, you can still compute what the mean should be on average. \nFor the covariance, variance, etc. you still use some form of averaging, but the arguments under sum-sign are different, and the divisor might be sth different from $\\frac{1}{n}$, for example, it is $\\frac{1}{n-1}$ for variance. \n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Phone call:\n- What is the landuse of the Escambia Wood?;\n- The existing land use and transportation infrastructure strongly indicates the appropriate use of the property is as industrial property (7).;\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?;\n- In addition, the relocation will provide land for industrial purposes that is valuable to the community from an economic development perspective (7).;\n- Does the community want to relocate the residents?;\n- The factors listed above, combined with a concern for the overall welfare of the community, justifies relocation of the residents of the Relocation Area in furtherance of the objectives of the National Relocation Pilot Project(7).;\n- Has there been any opposition to the project?;\n- The uniqueness of the site and the interaction of the many factors present here does not, in EPA's opinion, create a precedent for relocation at other Superfund sites (7).;\n- Is there any additional information about the landuse?;\n- \n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "In April, 1996 EPA issued a proposed plan for the Escambia Superfund Site and proposed a remedy for relocation of 66 households in the Rosewood Terrace Subdivision (7)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Can you write short story and dialog based on the theme:\n being sees a car coming" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a short story and dialog based on the theme \"being sees a car coming\" could be:\n Keyshawn looks up the road. The car is coming towards her. She can see that it is a red car.\n Keyshawn: Hi!\n Driver: Hey there! How are you doing?\n Keyshawn: I'm good, thanks. Where are you headed?\n Driver: I'm just driving around. exploring the area.\n Keyshawn: That sounds like fun. I wish I could do that but I'm just waiting for my ride home.\n Driver: Do you want a lift? I can give you a ride home.\n Keyshawn: Really? That would be great, thank you!" }, { "from": "human", "value": "And a title?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sure, a title for this dialog could be: \n Keyshawn looks up the road. Now Keyshawn sees a car coming." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write down your thoughts about the following text. you should include your opinion and why you have such an opinion.\n\nInput: Text: I am not sure if I agree with the author of this article. I think that people should be able to choose their own jobs. They should not be forced to do something they don't like.\n\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I disagree with the author of this article. People should be free to choose what they want to do. If someone doesn't like his job, he should quit." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nIn this task, you're given reviews from Amazon's products. Your task is to generate the Summary of the review.\nquestion:\nI haven't even used the product because I am afraid to. The item I received seal has been previously opened.\nanswer:\nI haven't even used the product because I am afraid ...\n\n\nquestion:\nThe case is of decent quality but its so smooth and Im constantly having to make sure it does not slip out of my hands. Not sure if this is something that goes away but Im very unhappy with the case and will be returning it. My husband got the black case and it has a slight rubber texture and its great but unfortunately the mint color is slippery as all get out.\nanswer:\nMint is shiny, smooth and hard to keep in your hands\n\n\nquestion:\nfinicky for 5 months until now. it now \"connects\" for only a second. not useable now\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "worked on one side, not other... very finicky until it stopped staying connected all together\n\n\n" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: See the conversation. DIALOG:\nWhat was the difference between Ticonius and St. Augustine?\n- Ticonius Ticonius, also spelled Tyconius or Tychonius (active 370–390 AD) was an African Donatist writer whose conception of the City of God influenced St. Augustine of Hippo (who wrote a book on the same topic).\n- Did they have any other influences?\n- He appears to have had some influence on Augustine of Hippo.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- He defended a milder form of Donatism than Parmenianus.\n- What was some of his beliefs?\n- \n****\nNext: He admitted a church outside his own sect and rejected the rebaptism of Catholics.\n\n\nQ: See the conversation. DIALOG:\nWhat is Curnovec, Bre ⁇ ice?\n- Curnovec, Brežice Curnovec (, ) is a settlement in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- The area was traditionally part of Styria.\n- Is it part of any other countries?\n- \n****\nNext: It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.\n\n\nQ: See the conversation. DIALOG:\nWhat is the access to Zov Tigra National Park?\n- Only a few former logging roads approach the park, and access is difficult even during the summer.\n- Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?\n- The park's website notes that a logging road that appears on maps to the north is in fact often not passable, even with off-road vehicles.\n- What is the topography of the land?\n- \n****\nNext: The mountains are medium in height, with the highest point being Mt.\n\n\nQ: See the conversation. DIALOG:\nWhat did the critics say about Vincent van Gogh's paintings?\n- Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series) Vincent van Gogh enjoyed making Paintings of Children.\n- What did Van Gogh say about his series of paintings?\n- \n****\nNext:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "He once said that it's the only thing that \"excites me to the depths of my soul, and which makes me feel the infinite more than anything else.\" Painting children, in particular represented rebirth and the infinite." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you need to Translate Czech text to English.\nProblem:Vynález řeší zařízení pro zajištění klaníc oplenů vozidel určených prio přepravu dlouhého dříví a tvarem podobných předmětů. Zařízení pro zajištění klaníc oplenu sestává z hlavního táhla zakončeného napínákem, uchyceného· k hornímu konci levé klaníce, které je vedeno přes vodítko na horním konci pravé klaníce. Pomocné táhlo je uchycena v blízkosti pravého· otočného· čepu a spojení obou táhel zajišťuje napínák z boku nákladu v místech odkud je bezpečný přístup obsluze.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The invention provides a device for securing nodes bridges of vehicles designed for transport long timber and the shape of similar objects. The device for securing the curtains of the curtain is from the main tie rod end, attached to the upper end of the left larynx which is guided over the guide on the top the end of the true bowler. The auxiliary pulls them attached to the right-hand pivot pin and the linkage of both rods is secured by a tensioner from the side of the cargo where it is safe access to the operator." } ]