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W & G Du Cros Limited also well-known as W & G was a business established in 1901 as a motor importers and dealership by Harvey Du Cros, founder of the pneumatic tyre industry also founder and head of the Dunlop Rubber Company and a major investor in businesses connected to the automobile. It grew into a major taxicab business and car and commercial motor-body builder which manufactured it own brand lorries and passenger vehicles. It became a subsidiary of a major car manufacturing combine which fell into financial difficulties in the Great Depression and W & G Du Cros closed its doors in 1935. ==Panhard== thumb|1902 Panhard & Levassor tonneau leaving London Though Dunlop was late to move into the manufacture of car tyres Lord Montagu of Beaulieu persuaded Du Cros to buy a French Panhard & Levassor. Impressed, Du Cros obtained the rights to sell Panhard & Levassor cars in Britain and Ireland and the colonies. A showroom was set up in Lower Regent Street, London W1 at the junction with Carlton Street on the ground floor of Dunlop Rubber's head office.James Taylor . A-Z of British Bus Bodies Crowood Press Wiltshire 2013 Harvey's youngest sons, William and George Du Cros, were directors of Dunlop but found time to attend the Paris exhibitions as British concessionaires to welcome English-speaking visitors to Panhard & Levassor's displays. The business extended to Ireland where they were retailers of Mercedes, Swift and Austin cars as well as Panhard & Levassor. Harvey Du Cros had major holdings in Swift and Austin and was Austin's deputy chairman. The Panhard's were serviced and repaired in premises in Kimberley Road Willesden Lane NW.The Motoring Annual and Motorist's Year Book. 1904. ==Taxicabs== They established one of London's major taxi fleets using Napier as well as Panhard & Levassor taxicabs. Both brands of the taxis had yellow bonnets to their engines, W & G was inscribed on their radiators and their drivers wore special grey uniforms. New premises were bought in Warple Way Acton to provide a depot and service facilities tor the taxicab business. These new premises also included a foundry. In 1908 W & G Du Cros was incorporated as a limited liability company and William and George Du Cros were joint managing directors. In 1910 W & G Du Cros employed about one thousand drivers and in Warple Way, close to Napier's Works, they made taxicab bodies. Offices were in the same block of buildings but at number 177 Acton Vale, on the corner of Warple Way and Acton Vale. From cab bodies they moved on to lorry bodies and then complete W & G lorries using bought-in engines and mechanicals. In 1920 they listed W & G delivery vans with 23.7 hp and 25 hp engines and 30cwt and 40cwt capacities.The Motor, Marine and Aircraft Red Book. 1920. Before the First World War they operated more than 450 Napier cabs and some 150 Panhards. After 1910 trade slackened from the competition of much cheaper underground and rail bus and tram services. By this time W & G Du Cros employed more than 1,000 drivers and operated 600 cabs. The trade moved towards owner-drivers and small companies. By 1912 many cabs had been converted to delivery vans and works space into a parcels repository.Malcolm Bobbitt. Taxi! - The Story of the London Cab, Veloce, Dorchester, 1998 ==Bodies== Following the First World War there was serious over-capacity in the motor body building business because of its enormous expansion during the war making aircraft wings and fuselages. In the summer of 1920 it was revealed that Darracq about to become S T D Motors were completing the purchase of all the share capital of W & G Du Cros and their engineering body-building and foundry works by the issue of preference shares. The Warple Way premises were close to those of the Darracq Motor Engineering Company.Company Doings, The Auto Motor Journal. 22 July 1920 ==STD Motors== In 1920, the company sold out to STD Motors Ltd, which needed additional body-building capacity next to its Darracq works. In the 1920s Du Cros built lorry and charabanc chassis and in 1926 announced a new low-frame six-cylinder bus. Many of these buses were given bodywork by the Du Cros concern in the 1920s. A 1921 commercial directory described the current business as W & G Du Cros Limited, motor and general engineers, 177 The Vale, Acton London W3 —specialty W & G commercial vehicle chassis, repairers of motor cars, vans and lorries, founders.Who's Who in Engineering Compendium Publishing Company, 1921 thumb|US assembled Yellow Cab ==Yellow Cab== Postwar W & G introduced American made but locally assembled Yellow Cabs About 100 yellow cabs appeared in London in the autumn of 1923 after some years of planning to introduce a French design to replace the prewar vehicles.Danny Roth, Where to, Guv?: The Complete History of British Taxi Service, Stroud, The History Press, 2015. ==Thrupp & Maberly== When S T D Motors went into receivership in 1935 the Du Cros operation was closed down. The Warple Road Works became the premises of Rootes' up to that time West End subsidiary, the coachbuilders Thrupp & Maberly. ==References== Category:Coachbuilders of the United Kingdom Category:Vehicle manufacture in London Category:British companies established in 1901 Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1901 Category:Companies disestablished in 1935 Category:1901 establishments in England Category:Taxi companies Category:Taxis Category:Taxis of London Category:Taxis of the United Kingdom Category:Taxi vehicles
W & J Galloway and Sons was a British manufacturer of steam engines and boilers based in Manchester, England. The firm was established in 1835 as a partnership of two brothers, William and John Galloway. The partnership expanded to encompass their sons and in 1889 it was restructured as a limited liability company. It ceased trading in 1932. The Galloway brothers had been apprenticed to another partnership involving their father, a maker of waterwheels and gearing for mills, before setting up in business on their own account. Their firm grew to be a specialist producer of steam engines and industrial boilers with a worldwide customer base and a reputation for ingenuity. Their products were used in such diverse areas as electricity generation and refrigeration. The business grew with the increasing application of steam power in industry, and it died with industry's move to the application of electric power. ==History== ===Galloway, Bowman and Glasgow=== William Galloway was born on 5 March 1768 at Coldstream in the Scottish Borders, became a millwright and moved to Manchester in 1790.ODNB He was one of many Scots who moved to England seeking to gain from the rapid expansion of industry there; others included William Murdoch and James Watt, who settled in Birmingham, and fellow settlers in the Manchester area, John Kennedy, James McConnel and the cotton-spinning brothers, Adam and George Murray.Chaloner p. 99. He set up business at his home address, 37 Lombard Street.Chaloner p. 100. In 1806 he formed a business partnership with a friend and fellow ex-resident of Coldstream, James Bowman: Galloway wrote to him offering a joint business venture in return for a £200 injection of capital. Bowman moved from London, where he had gone to seek his fortune, and took up residence at Trumpet Street, Manchester. It would appear that the partnership with Bowman coincided with a move to premises at the Caledonia Foundry at 44, Great Bridgewater Street, on the corner of Albion Street in the Gaythorn district. At this time the business traded as millwrights but by 1813 "engineers" had been added to the description, and by 1817 there was the addition of "ironfounders". The term "engineer" in relation to mechanical work was a relatively new one. Around 1820, William Glasgow, a foundryman from the Tweed who had been working in Bolton for Rothwell and Hick, joined Galloway and Bowman as a junior partner. His role was to supervise the new ironfounding section of the business. The works were extended by the purchase of additional land. The partnership manufactured water wheels, their associated gearing, and other machinery associated with all forms of milling. As early as 1820 the men had completed some projects for customers in France (at Lille) and the United States (Charleston, South Carolina). His son, John, wrote later that At some time before 1828 Galloway and Bowman formed a partnership as machine makers. This was separate and in addition to their partnership with Glasgow, which continued to trade as millwrights, founders and engineers. It has been speculated that Bowman married a sister of Galloway.Chaloner p. 118. The firm of Galloway, Bowman and Glasgow became the repair facility for the fledgling Liverpool and Manchester Railway which had no workshops of its own.Rendell p. 3. In 1830–31 the partnership constructed its first steam locomotive, the Manchester and by the following year had produced the Caledonian. They had wooden wheels on to which were shrunk welded metal tyres. The wheels were built by John Ashbury, who was later to become a notable engineer in his own right and the owner of the eponymous railway wagon works at Openshaw.Chaloner p. 107. Neither locomotive was initially a success, although the design problems were resolved. In the case of Caledonian the vertical cylinders were placed between the frames in front of the smokebox and drove vertically mounted connecting rods attached to the leading wheels, which were also in front of the smokebox. It had a tendency to derail and had to be rebuilt with inside cylinders and a cranked axle. Vertical cylinders were the norm at this time (other builders used them too), the theory being that a horizontal or inclined arrangement would lead to premature wear due to the weight of the piston.Rendell p. 12. Four or five locomotives were built at a price fixed by the railway company of between £900 and £1000 each. John Galloway junior commented late in life that: The success to come with stationary steam engines was in no small part based on the experiences with the short-lived railway locomotive production: the locomotives had boilers rated for , compared to the normal stationary engine boiler rating at that time of .Rendell p. 4. To put this into context, however, John Galloway senior is reported to have said that the challenges of building a locomotive were nothing compared to those of getting it out of the works and onto the railway afterwards.Rendell p. 48. He elaborated that By this time the partnership were producing a wide range of engineered items, including: wagons and associated parts for collieries and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway; machinery for silk mills and for salt works; steam engines for cotton mills; pipes for Benjamin Joule's Salford Brewery in New Bailey Street, Salford; and also a lead rolling mill.Chaloner p. 108. William Galloway junior was born in 1796 and on 14 February 1804 his brother, John, was born at his father's Lombard Street address.Chaloner p. 101. The brothers were both apprenticed for seven years to their father from the age of 14, William as an ironfounder and John as a millwright and engineer. Bowman's son, William, was similarly apprenticed as a millwright from 1821.Chaloner p. 103. In the last year of his apprenticeship, 1824, John Galloway went to Dunkirk to install engines, boilers and pumps for the French government. William Galloway senior died on 7 September 1836 and some time between April and December 1838 James Bowman also died. Glasgow had given Bowman six months' notice of his wish to terminate the partnership on 11 April 1838. In 1839 the Galloway brothers bought some of the stock of the erstwhile partnership which was being disposed of by auction. The Caledonia foundry building was subsumed by Central Station by the 1890s. It is possible that William Glasgow was still conducting business as an ironfounder in 1841 from an address at Gloucester Street. ===W & J Galloway=== thumb|upright=1.1|John Galloway, 1804–1894 The Galloway brothers worked for their father's partnership until in 1835, not long before its demise they set up business together as W. and J. Galloway. They had been considering such a move since at least 1830, with John saying many years later that "there were too many in partnership already, and conflicting interests began to present themselves".Chaloner p. 104. The brothers built a foundry at Knott Mill, near Chester Road in Hulme on the site of former premises which had served a similar purpose but had fallen into disuse subsequent to the death of its owner, Alexander Brodie, in 1811. The site was near to William's address as known in 1832, which was 26 Jackson's Lane, Hulme. (The lane was subsequently renamed Great Jackson Street).Chaloner p. 119. A key advantage of the site was the adjacent River Medlock, sources of water being vital for iron founding and the operation of steam engines, and it was the erosion caused by this watercourse which required the works to be built on two levels.Archives of Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester It has been noted that the Medlock had a greater concentration of steam engines along its length than any other similar river in England and the quality of the water was so poor, due to industrial pollution, that there were immense difficulties with priming in steam engine boilers.Hills p. 129. Before 1840 the firm had manufactured at least two steam engines, the first for Hayward of Yeovil, Somerset and the second for a mill in Glossop, Derbyshire. In that year they were successful in gaining much work in the manufacture of gas pipes and equipment for gasworks, a new and burgeoning industry. From 1842 until June 1847 the brothers were in partnership, as Galloways & Company, with Joseph Haley, in Manchester and Paris, as "Manufacturers of Patent Screw or Lifting Jacks, and as Patentees of Machines for cutting, punching and compressing Metals, and of the Rivets and other articles constructed by the said last-mentioned Machines ... [and] as Cotton Banding Manufacturers". In that month the partnership was dissolved and the Galloways continued to manufacture the machines and rivets in Manchester and Haley continued with the rivets in Paris. By 1856 they had six of these machines in their factory and manufactured two tons of rivets per machine per day, the devices being operated by one man and 20 boys.Chaloner p. 110. An example of a wooden-bodied Galloway-Haley lifting jack is in Museo del Ferrocarril (railway museum) in Madrid. The patents were Haley's; for example, patent number 8768 of 31 December 1840 for an improved lifting jack and compressor. From 1848 the brothers took out numerous patents related to steam power, with John Galloway taking a particular interest in issues to improve the efficiency of boilers. Before that they had registered at least one design to improve efficiency under the Designs Act of 1843.Chaloner p. 111. The most significant of the early patents was that of 11 March 1851 (England and Wales) and 14 April 1851 (Scotland) for the Galloway boiler, (UK patent 13532/1851, extended in 1865 for a further five years). They had built boilers of this type before the patent was granted, since at least 1849, and one was exhibited in 1851 at the Great Exhibition before being purchased by the West Ham Gutta Percha Company. The firm built approximately 9,000 of the type by 1891 and licensed the design for manufacture by other parties. So much work was created by this aspect of the business that in 1872 premises were obtained on Hyde Road, near Ardwick railway station, to handle it, leaving the Knott Mill works to concentrate on building engines.Chaloner p. 112. The Lancashire boiler, which formed the basis on which the Galloways developed their 1851 design, had been patented by Sir William Fairbairn and John Hetherington in 1844. In 1854 Fairbairn was sent a warning letter by the firm regarding what they believed to be an infringement of their patents. Nine years previously the Galloways had done the same to James Lillie, a former business partner of Fairbairn, with reference to a boiler-related design that they alleged had been registered by them in 1845, although there is no record of any such designs or patents of the type which were registered by the Galloways between 1843 and 1845.Chaloner p. 120. The Galloway boiler was not entirely the work of the brothers as they sought the advice of Robert Armstrong, a consulting engineer, in 1850 and it was he who arranged for the boiler to be exhibited in 1851. Similarly, Sekon notes that at least one Galloway patent relating to boilers was originally devised by another person: Timothy Hackworth's 1830 design for the boiler of his locomotive The Globe was later patented by the Galloways for use with stationary steam engines. ===Working with Bessemer=== From 1855 the firm was working with Henry Bessemer, inventor of the eponymous process, in steel manufacture; he described William Galloway as "my old friend" when writing in 1905.Bessemer p. 287. He had been a customer of the firm since 1843 when he had developed a process for refining sugar and employed the Galloways to construct it. Bessemer and Galloways conducted a series of experiments throughout 1855 on land bought for the purpose at the Knott Mill Ironworks. This was while he was trying to prove his method, and Galloways are thought likely to have constructed the equipment that Bessemer used in his later trials at Baxter House in London, after which he announced the process to the world in August 1856 at Cheltenham. From these events comes the claim, frequently made including by John Galloway, that the first ingots of Bessemer steel were made at the Knott Mill Ironworks. Furthermore, the Galloways were the first to license Bessemer's process, obtaining the rights to operate it in Manchester and for a radius of around before the process was made public.Bessemer pp. 176–177. Within a month of his announcement Bessemer had raised £27,000, granting further licenses to the Dowlais Ironworks in South Wales, Govan Iron Works (Glasgow), Butterley Iron Company (Derbyshire), and a tin-plate company in Wales.Bessemer pp. 167–168. The Knott Mill works were one of those at which Bessemer set up his experimental "converting vessels" when attempting to prove his process commercially late in 1856. The other test sites were Dowlais, Butterley and Govan. The tests failed to work as intended: it later became clear that this was because the pig iron used contained phosphorus whereas that with which he had experimented in London did not. The product was "rotten hot and rotten cold", according to his friend, William Clay He refunded the licensees' money and an additional £5,500.Bessemer pp. 170–172. The problem was that to remove phosphorus, a basic slag was needed, but Bessemer's sand-based refractory lining (now called acidic) reacts with it into silicates rather than the phosphorus. It would take until 1877 for a basic lining to be developed, when the converter became economical to use with phosphorus-rich iron ores. It was a further two years before Bessemer resolved the technical metallurgical problems, at which point the Galloway ironworks were once again his test site. There he trialled the steel he had produced at his London factory, which he granulated and then transported for remelting and conversion into ingots at Sheffield: When this success was achieved in 1858 the Galloways gave up their licensed rights, which had not been bought back as had those of the other licensees. They went instead into partnership with Bessemer, Robert Longsdon and William Daniel Allen (long-term business partners, and both of them his brothers-in-law) in building and operating his steel works in Sheffield. The business, established in 1859, was called Henry Bessemer & Co. and the capital input totalled around £12,000 with Bessemer and Longdon contributing £6,000, Allen contributing £500 and the Galloways £5,000. The partnership agreement was to be operational for 14 years. It initially produced steel at £10 to £15 cheaper per ton than had previously been possible, and later for around £45 less.Bessemer p. 189.Chaloner p. 117. The Galloways supplied equipment for its works – including tyre mills for the production of railway wheels – as well as, later, for other works which licensed the process, such as the Weardale Iron Company and John Brown of Sheffield. The venture blossomed, although Bessemer made more money from his licensing deals. He quotes the following profit/(loss) figures for the early years of the factory's trading: Bessemer's Sheffield factory: profit / (loss) in the early years of trading (£)Bessemer p. 334. 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 (729) (1,093) 923 1,475 3,685 10.968 11,827 3,949 18,076 28,622 Another involvement was in Bessemer's disastrous attempts to produce a ship with a stabilised passenger area, the SS Bessemer, for which Galloways supplied the hydraulic equipment. The concept had been that a saloon within the vessel would be supported in such a way as not to pitch, roll or yaw as the ship sailed.Bessemer p. 325. (The ship's manoeuvrability was poor and, having crashed on its maiden voyage, investors lost confidence and the project was abandoned with the equipment remaining untested.) The firm manufactured on behalf of Bessemer the converters for the works of the Pennsylvania Steel Company in the late 1860s.Bessemer p. 339. Along with Hick, Hargreaves of Bolton, Galloways were the only business allowed to produce equipment for the new process. Nor might these have been their only involvement: William Galloway owned land at Runcorn and there were discussions between him and Bessemer regarding a partnership to erect a blast furnace for the purpose of manufacturing "rich manganesian pig-iron", which was required at that time to de-oxidise the molten blown metal. However, delays in progressing this idea, due to Bessemer's process gaining widespread use, ultimately resulted in Galloway feeling he was too old to embark on the venture.Bessemer p. 285. The partnership of Henry Bessemer & Co. was formally ended on 25 June 1877 "by the effluxion of time", although the Sheffield factory continued production with Allen buying Bessemer's interest in it that year. The dissolution of the partnership involved selling the business, its premises and its equipment. Including the distributions of profits made during its lifespan, each partner had at the date of effective dissolution in 1873 made 81 times the amount of money that they had original subscribed. William Galloway had died in 1873 (his executors being John Galloway junior, John Brown Payne and John Galloway Meller), as had Robert Longsdon, whose executors were also named in the notice of partnership dissolution; Bessemer had retired from day-to-day business in the same year. A person with the last name of Meller, but not John Galloway Meller, had been an executor to the estate of William Galloway senior. ===W & J Galloway & Sons=== In 1856 the sons of the firm's founders joined the partnership: John Galloway, the son of William, born on 18 July 1826 at Great Jackson Street, Manchester, and Charles John the son of John, born 25 April 1833. Both had been apprenticed to the firm and its name was adjusted to reflect their involvement. Great Jackson Street was very close to the Knott Mill works and Pigot and Slater's General and Classified Directory of Manchester and Salford for 1841 not merely lists William junior living at number 69 but also John at number 55 and a Mrs Mary Galloway at 67. It also shows members of the Glasgow family, including William at 34 Great Bridgewater Street and John at 53 Great Jackson Street. Despite the expansion of the partnership a deed registered in the Court of Bankruptcy in July 1864 only names William and John Galloway, who were to receive a payment of 6s. 8d. in the pound from Thomas Redhead of Belvoir Terrace, Old Chester Road, Tranmere, the proprietor of a steam tug. A petition for the winding-up of the Globe New Patent Iron and Steel Co, Ltd. in 1875 shows that by that date the partnership comprised John Galloway snr, John Galloway Jnr, Charles John Galloway and Edward Napier Galloway. Edward was another son of John senior, who married a Miss Lewis in 1827 and they had four sons and a daughter. During the 1850s and 1860s the firm generated many overseas sales to countries such as Turkey, India and Russia, and for items as diverse as gunpowder mills, boilers, presses, and steam engines for use in a wide variety of applications. The firm supplied cast iron columns for buildings, constructed the pier at Southport (and then extended it, for which the tender was £3,000) and, between 1855 and 1857, a railway viaduct over the River Leven close to Ulverston. The pier and the bridge employed a new construction method devised by John Galloway, using pressurised water jets to create the holes into which the piles were later driven.Chaloner pp. 113–116. Galloways were among the well- known promoters of a new business, The Lancashire Steel Company Ltd., in 1863. The intention was that this company would develop a 10 acre site at Gorton with buildings, blast furnaces and all the necessaries of steel production by the Bessemer process, in order initially to produce 200 tons a week of steel in blocks weighing up to 10 tons. The site was adjacent to the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, for ease of transport. It was planned to eventually produce 20 ton blocks and to equip it with the most powerful tooling so that the company could supply the maritime market. Capitalisation was to be £150,000. In fact, the venture was a failure and it was wound-up in 1867. Around 1873 the firm supplied two blowing engines to the huge Krupp steelworks at Essen, Germany. It was in this decade that the company began to install flat belt drive systems for the transfer of power from its stationary steam engines to the looms and similar machinery which they were intended to service. This technique was common in the US but rare in Britain until this time: the advantages included less noise and less wasted energy in the friction losses inherent in the previously common drive shafts and their associated gearing. Also, maintenance was simpler and cheaper, and it was a more convenient method for the arrangement of power drives such that if one part were to fail then it would not cause loss of power to all sections of a factory or mill. These systems were in turn superseded in popularity by rope drive methods. Charles John Galloway had a particular interest in exhibitions. The firm displayed two 40 horsepower Galloway boilers at the 1873 Vienna Universal Exhibition, and a 35 horsepower compound engine. In 1876 the firm was gazetted for an award for Services to the American Executive in Machinery Department at the Philadelphia International Exhibition, and he was awarded the title of Chevalier of the Legion of Honour after the Paris Exhibition of 1878, raised to the rank of Officer after the similarly titled event of 1889. He was very active in the organisation of the Royal Manchester Jubilee Exhibition of 1887. John Galloway junior was chairman of the organising committee for the latter event. Some years later, in 1894, Galloways won the Grand Prix in the Motive & Machines section of the Antwerp International Exhibition. Charles John did not limit his activities to that of the family firm and was chairman of Boiler Insurance and Steam Power Co. Ltd. in September 1880, when an extraordinary general meeting held in King Street, Manchester resolved to liquidate the company and sell its business and assets. He was also a director of the Manchester Ship Canal Company and had been a director of the Steam Boiler Assurance Co. Ltd. ===Galloways Ltd.=== The partnership was converted into a private company, Galloways Ltd., in 1889, with a share capital of £250,000 in £100 shares. The initial subscribers, who each took one share, were John Galloway, John Galloway junior, Charles John Galloway, Edward Napier Galloway, Arthur Walter Galloway, John Henry Beckwith, W E Norbury and C Rought – all but the last giving their address as the Knott Mill Ironworks. Beckwith, MIMechE, had been a frequent co-applicant with Charles John Galloway in applications for patents and provisional protection thereof: he had joined the company in his early 20s in 1864 as a draughtsman and, after a brief interlude working for another business in Buenos Aires, returned in 1867; by 1877 he was chief design engineer and he became managing director with the conversion to limited company status; he resigned as managing director in 1897 but kept his seat on the board of directors until his death one year later. John Galloway junior had been increasingly involved in the management of the partnership as it grew rapidly but the restructuring of the partnership as a company saw Charles John Galloway installed as chairman and managing director. John Galloway junior had numerous other business interests, and was a JP (as was Charles) and had a great interest in philanthropy. His business interests included being chairman of Earle's Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at Hull, and a director of Carnforth Hematite Iron Co, (correct spelling, founded 1865) the North of England Trustee, Debenture & Assets Corporation Ltd., Hoyland & Silkstone Colliery Co. and the Blackpool Land Company. Earle's had built the SS Bessemer. Five years later, on 11 February 1894, John Galloway senior died aged almost 90. His estate was valued at £143,117 and by this time the company had 500 employees at the Knott Mill site and a further 800 at Ardwick.Chaloner p. 112. His last home address was Coldstream House, Old Trafford and his executors were William Lewis Galloway (a sugar refiner, of The Lawn, Brook Lane, Timperley and sometime councillor of the County Borough of Salford), Edward Napier Galloway (Normanby, Altrincham) and John Galloway Meller (a land agent of Cooper Street, Manchester). An engineer, Edward Galloway was appointed a Land Tax Commissioner in 1899; he died on 5 October 1919 when living at Hill Rise, Leicester Road, Altrincham. The children of John Galloway established a charitable fund in memory of him and his wife, Emma, in 1895. This survived under the name of the John and Emma Galloway Memorial until October 1991, when it was amalgamated. John Galloway junior died on 16 December 1896 at his home, The Cottage, Seymour Grove, Manchester. He left one son, William Johnson Galloway, born in 1868, who was also involved with the family firm and was at the time of his father's death the Conservative MP for Manchester South-west (his father, although keeping a low profile, was of Liberal persuasion and a member of the United Presbyterian Church). Both of these men were interred at Weaste Cemetery, Salford. There was a capital restructuring in 1895, and in 1899 the business became a public limited company. Somewhere between these dates the chairmanship appears to have moved from Charles John Galloway to Edward Napier Galloway, according to the announcements in The London Gazette. However, The Engineer reported Charles John as chairman at the company's annual general meeting in 1901 and noted that Sir Richard Mottram was a director. Mottram was Mayor of Salford between 1894 and 1898; he held other directorships with Manchester Liners Ltd (or perhaps Manchester Linen Ltd) and Chillan Mills Co Ltd. The 1901 meeting authorised a dividend payment of 6% and the issue of 2,746 shares at £10 each in order to aid investment in plant and extended premises for the purpose of manufacturing 'high-speed engines'. This issue of shares amounted to 20% of the then issued capital, and they were taken up by existing shareholders. In the same year the company considerably extended its Knott Mill factory, at which time a visitor noted in particular the work in progress on "several exceptionally large engines for iron and steel works" (one had a 45 ton, 24-foot diameter flywheel and a total weight of 230 tons) and also a wood treatment plant for the Northern Wood Haskinising Company (haskinising was a wood preservation technique). There were reports at this time that the company had licensed and was developing Pictet's discovery of an improved method for the production of oxygen gas, although there were suggestions that this may have been as part of a syndicate involving other Manchester businesses. The plan was for Pictet to experiment further at the Galloway works and if the outcome was successful then a new company would be formed. The 1902 annual general meeting confirmed that the expansion was complete, voted a similar dividend and re-elected William Johnson Galloway and Charles Rought as directors; it also noted that an order for a blowing machine from Carnforth Hematite was being processed. Charles John Galloway died on 14 March 1904. His address at the time of death was Thorneyholme, Knutsford and his executors were Arthur Walter Galloway, Henry Bessemer Galloway and William Sharp Galloway, his sons. He was interred at Mobberley Church. The Galloway boiler was still being improved around this time. In 1902 the company introduced a superheater and in 1910 began to use another design of the same. The company was involved in a significant court case in 1912, which went to the highest court of the land and was subsequently cited in other cases, including in the United States. In 1902 a Mr Noden, employed as a riveter, had an accident at work which resulted in the amputation of a finger. He resumed work at the company in 1903 as a caulker, which involved using a light hammer, but in 1910 was instructed to use a heavy pneumatic hammer. The vibration from this heavier hammer caused his hand to become inflamed and he sought compensation, based on his injury of 1902. A lower court awarded him this compensation but the judgment was overturned on appeal by the Law Lords, who directed that there was no evidence that the 1902 accident was a contributory cause of his injury of 1910 and that, in any event, the latter incident was not actually an accident at all and therefore there was no entitlement to compensation under the terms of the 1897 Workmen's Compensation Act. There had been a previous judgement of some legal significance in 1900, being the matter of Statham vs Galloways Ltd. In this instance an employee had obeyed the order of a superior and as a consequence of doing so had suffered injury. The ruling was that the injured employee had stepped outside the Workmen's Compensation Act by doing something which he knew to be outside the scope of his duties but, nonetheless, obedience was also a duty and that obedience took precedence. The company was placed in receivership on the application of its debenture holders in 1912, despite the business being "much more promising than for some time past". The cause of this was a proposal to issue prior lien debentures to the value of £50,000, a move which would dilute the position of existing debenture holders. It was reported that the company might be restructured in order to resolve this issue. There was a restructuring of the company on 27 July 1925, a scheme of arrangement being made with shareholders and debenture holders such that the capital was reduced from £330,000 to £198,192. The following year saw the company take on the drawings and patterns of John Musgrave & Sons following the closure of that business. It has been calculated that the number of engineering firms in Manchester more than halved between 1899 and 1939, with the inter-war recession causing particularly severe contraction in the manufacturing spheres of textile machinery, locomotive engineering and boilermaking. The businesses most likely to survive were those that did not rely extensively on exports, on the production of capital goods and on time-served skilled labour – "the newer, more capital- intensive, mass-production, domestic market-oriented engineering firms, employing a large proportion of semi-skilled labour fared better and dominated the industry by 1939." The company went into receivership in 1932 and in 1933, Hick, Hargreaves & Co. purchased the complete records, drawings and patterns of the defunct W & J Galloway Limited.P. W. Pilling, Hick Hargreaves and Co., The History of an Engineering Firm c. 1833–1939, a Study with Special Reference to Technological Change and Markets (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985), pp. 384–444 ==Galloway boiler and Galloway tubes== In 1848, Galloways patented the Galloway tube, a tapered thermic syphon water-tube inserted in the furnace of a Lancashire boiler. The tubes are tapered, simply to make their installation through the flue easier. These were followed in 1851 by the Galloway boiler.UK patent 13532, 1851 The flues beyond the two furnaces of the Lancashire boiler were merged into a single wide flue. This widened and flat-topped flue was stayed by the use of many conical vertical Galloway tubes being riveted into it, improving the circulation of water and increasing the heating surface. ==Patent applications involving family== Summary of patent applications and patent provisional protection applications involving the Galloway family announced by The London Gazette and/or US Patent Office App. No. App. Date For First Named Second Named Voided 208 27 January 1853 improvements in steam engines and boilers William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 570 14 March 1855 certain improvements in balancing or regulating the pressure on the slide-valves of steam-engines William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £100 within 7 years 1132 14 May 1856 improvements in machinery for rasping, cutting and chipping dye woods William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 1217 22 May 1856 improvements in steam boilers William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 3083 15 December 1857 improvements in hydraulic presses William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 801 14 April 1858 improvements in apparatus and furnaces for heating, welding, or melting metals, parts of which improvements are applicable to other furnaces Robert Armstrong John Galloway 1407 22 June 1858 improvements in machinery for cutting, bruising, chipping, and rasping, and otherwise treating or preparing dye woods and roots, or other vegetable substances William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 2960 3 December 1860 improvements in steam boilers William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £100 within 7 years 521 1 March 1861 improvements in moulding wheels and other metal articles William Galloway John Galloway 1948* 6 August 1861 improvements in steam boilers and apparatus connected therewith William Galloway John Galloway & John William Wilson Failure to pay £100 within 7 years 3043 12 November 1862 improvements in machinery or apparatus for cutting, shaping, punching, and compressing metals William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £100 within 7 years 2066 20 August 1863 improvements in steam boilers and in steam and water gauges (sic) for the same William Galloway John Galloway 2343 23 September 1863 improvements in lubricating journals of revolving shafts and axles, and in the apparatus employed for that purpose William Galloway John Galloway Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 3110 10 December 1863 improvements in presses for the bending of metal plates into the various forms required in naval architecture, and for other purposes William Galloway John Galloway* 1937 3 July 1867 improvements in the manufacture of welded tubes and in the apparatus employed for that purpose, which latter are partly applicable to other purposes William Galloway George Plant 2815 7 October 1867 improvements in looms for weaving Charles John Galloway 591 22 February 1868 improvements in wrought iron and stei.'l pilus[sic], pillars, and columns Charles John Galloway 2221 14 July 1868 improvements in operating piston valves of steam engines Charles John Galloway Charles Herbert Holt Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 2253 17 July 1868 improvements in boilers for generating steam and in apparatus connected therewith for heating the feed water Charles John Galloway Charles Herbert Holt Failure to pay £100 within 7 years 1385 5 May 1869 improvements in slide valves and valve gear to piston valves for steam engines Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith Failure to pay £50 within 3 years 247 30 January 1871 improvements in valves blowing engines, also applicable to air and other pumps Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith Failure to pay £100 within 7 years 1620 5 May 1873 improvements in the slide valves of compound steam engines Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 4036 8 December 1873 improvements in steam boilers Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 2514 13 July 1875 improvements in steam boilers Charles John Galloway Charles Herbert Holt Probably 2881 14 August 1875 improvements to the apparatus for the manufacture and fixing of taper and flanged tubes for boilers Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 158 14 January 1876 improvements in steam boilers Charles John Galloway 2439 13 June 1876 improvements in the valve gear of steam and other engines Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 3371 5 September 1877 improvements in boiler flues Charles John Galloway 4617 6 December 1877 improvements in pumps for raising or forcing liquids Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 2410 18 June 1878 improvements in apparatus for rivetting the flanges of boiler tubes Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 27 May 1879 friction-clutch Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 7929 22 May 1890 water-tube boiler Charles John Galloway John Henry Beckwith 10 July 1894 improvements in Galloway boilers Charles John Galloway 18 September 1895 improvements in boiler furnaces Galloways Ltd Henry Foster 19 September 1895 improvements in Corliss valve gear for steam engines Galloways Ltd John Henry Beckwith 12 December 1896 improvements in apparatus for drilling and rivetting the tube flanges and flue plates of Galloway boilers Galloways Ltd John Henry Beckwith 18 December 1896 an improvement in shut-off valves Galloways Ltd John Henry Beckwith 22 March 1898 improvements in compound steam or other fluid pressure engines Galloways Ltd Henry Foster, Alfred Etchells 24 September 1898 an improvement in gear for working Corliss and such like valves Galloways Ltd Alfred Etchells 11 October 1898 an improvement in multiple flue boilers Galloways Ltd William Bayliss 2 October 1900 improvements in compound safety and low water valves Galloways Ltd William Bayliss 2 October 1900 an improvement in valve apparatus for reversing rolling mill and similar engines Galloways Ltd Henry Foster 15 April 1901 an improvement in centrifugal and inertia governors Galloways Ltd Herbert Lindley 21 December 1903 improvements in steam generators Galloways Ltd William Bayliss 21 December 1903 improvements in and relating to steam superheaters Galloways Ltd William Bayliss 25 February 1910 an improved cross-box for connecting the headers of a water tube boiler with the main steam and water drum Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 16 April 1910 improvements in steam engine valve chambers Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 17 August 1910 improvements in steam superheaters Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 1 February 1911 improvements in controlling gear for steam driven rolling mill engines, winding engines and the like Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 23 March 1911 improvements in covers for vessels containing fluid under pressure Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 22 April 1914 improvements in reciprocating piston engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling Failed to pay, voided 22 April 1923; reapplied November 1924, successful 12 February 1925 2 January 1916 improvements in valve gear for reciprocating steam engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 9 December 1916 improvements in cylinders for uniflow steam engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 30 July 1917 improvements relating to cylinders of uniflow steam engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 14 September 1917 an improved automatic valve Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 27 September 1917 improvements in and relating to valves for engines Henry Crowe Assigned to Galloways 11 February 1918 improved means for connecting the piston to the piston rod of a motive fluid engine Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 6 March 1919 an improved piston for gas engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 7 March 1919 improvements relating to exhaust valve boxes of internal combustion engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 12 June 1919 improvements relating to superheaters Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 19 October 1919 improvements in or relating to the operation of valves by fluid pressure Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 28 January 1920 improvements relating to pistons of uniflow steam engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 1 May 1920 improvements relating to water tube boilers Galloways Ltd Ralph John Smith 28 February 1921 improvements in reciprocating piston engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 24 October 1921 improvements in steam superheaters Galloways Ltd Harold Ashton 23 June 1924 improvements in balanced valves for steam or other elastic fluid engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 19 July 1924 improvements relating to steam generators Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 21 July 1924 improvements in apparatus for accumulating the heat of exhaust steam and for heating water Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 7 November 1924 improvements relating to the valve gear of steam engines Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 24 September 1925 improvements relating to pressure regulators Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 28 December 1926 improvements relating to tubular structures such as superheaters, water heaters, airheaters and the like Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 28 December 1926 improvements relating to boilers, superheaters, feed water heaters and the like Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling 7 June 1928 improvements relating to tubular structures such as superheaters, water heaters, airheaters and the like Galloways Ltd Henry Pilling, Albert Edward Leek Addition to 277843 ==See also== *Manchester Hydraulic Power, an example of Galloways' steam-powered hydraulics work *William Johnson Galloway (1868–1931), only son of John Galloway junior, was recorded as a director of the company at various dates from 1892The General Election – Biographies of Candidates, The Times, 1 July 1892, p.5 to 1905. His directorship may have extended before and after these years. ==References== ===Notes=== ===Bibliography=== * * * * * ==External links== * "Galloways, Ardwick" Frank Wightman (1979) Manchester Archives+ * Manchester, the World's First Industrial City * Graces Guide 'Galloways' * Boilers at the Papplewick Pumping Station * Detail of 1900 Mitchell and Kenyon film of Galloways employees outside Hyde Road factory * W & J Galloway & Sons Letter Books (typescript copies) at the John Rylands Library, Manchester. Category:Industrial Revolution Category:Steam engine manufacturers Category:Manufacturing companies based in Manchester Category:Defunct companies based in Manchester Category:Engineering companies of the United Kingdom Category:Defunct manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
W & M Duncan and Company, best known as "Duncan's of Edinburgh", was a Scottish confectioner. The company's most popular and enduring product was the Walnut Whip, which is now manufactured by Nestlé Rowntree's. ==History== Mary Duncan, along with her eldest son William, founded a cake business in Dundee in 1861. In 1884 the company moved to 205 High Street, Edinburgh, and began to manufacture chocolate confectionery. In 1896 it moved to the Regent Confectionery Works in Beaverhall Road, Edinburgh. Ingredients were stored at Wishart's Warehouse, a former ship chandlery in Leith (later renamed as Shore Place and now converted to flats). He opened a retail shop at 86 Leith Street(at the east end of Princes Street) around 1900 and was then living in a flat at 20 Eyre Crescent.Edinburgh Post Office directory 1900 The Walnut Whip was launched in 1910. By 1916 the Beaverhall factory was six times its original size and business was flourishing.Made in Scotland, Carol Foreman The business was acquired by Rowntree in 1927 but retained the Duncan's brand name. In 1967 the Edinburgh factory was closed to all items and concentrated solely on the Walnut Whip. Rowntree closed the factory in 1987 but it was reopened immediately, through a management buy-out, trading as "Duncans of Scotland" revitalising the dormant name.Derek Douglas. 'Soft spot for Duncans chocolate brings taste of success'. The Glasgow Herald. 18 July 1988. p 13. In 1991 it was purchased by Jeremy Salvesen. He moved the new Duncans business moved to Bellshill, Lanarkshire. In 1991, Duncan's won a Ministry of Defence contract to supply chocolate bars for military ration packs. Duncan's provided over 4 million 60g chocolate bars to the forces from 1991 until 2003. In 1991 Duncan's supplied two flavours of their bars to the MoD, a Raisin and Cereal Chocolate bar with a maroon wrapper and a plain milk bar with a blue wrapper. The milk bar had the Duncan's "Of Edinburgh" logo on it instead of the newly standard "Of Scotland" In 1992 with the new GP ration pack that had swapped from cans to pouches, there was a significant increase in the amount of Duncan's being supplied, with all menus containing at least one Duncan's bar. In 1993 and 1994 more Duncan's were being supplied to the MoD to build up ration stocks after the Gulf War, with eight flavours being supplied, these being; Rum and Raisin Raisin and Cereal Plain Milk Milk Chocolate With Mint Mint Crisp Milk Chocolate With Orange In 1995 a special "Milk chocolate, with milk" bar was put into 10 man rations, but that is the only time it has been found. Then in 1997 with the ration packs being made more mass produce-able and for cost reasons, Rum and Raisin was removed in June 1997 as were many other flavours leaving only the plain milk and raisin and cereal. In 2000, the plain milks wrapper changed from blue to red to which it remained until 2003. Duncan's of Scotland had passed through several owners before becoming part of J. E. Wilson & Sons (Kendal). Between 2008 and 2014 small production runs of flavours like Ginger and Toffee were made and sold in gift shops and wholesale to some independent store at home and overseas.Mreinfo.com user Koreyyy1 Duncan's as a company went into liquidation in February 2003 and no longer exists. It was passed around many companies until in September 2020, its parent company was dissolved. Made in Scotland, Carol Foreman ==References== Category:Companies based in Dundee Category:Manufacturing companies based in Edinburgh Category:1861 establishments in Scotland Category:British companies established in 1861 Category:Confectionery companies of the United Kingdom Category:Food and drink companies established in 1861 Category:Food and drink companies of Scotland Category:Scottish brands
W & T Avery Ltd. (later GEC Avery) was a British manufacturer of weighing machines. The company was founded in the early 18th century and took the name W & T Avery in 1818. Having been taken over by GEC in 1979 the company was later renamed into GEC-Avery. The company became Avery Berkel in 1993 when GEC acquired the Dutch company Berkel. After the take over by Weigh-Tronix in 2000 the company was again renamed to be called Avery Weigh-Tronix with Avery Berkel continuing to operate as a brand. The company is based in Smethwick, West Midlands, United Kingdom. ==History== thumb|Set of scales made by Avery early 20th century thumb|Set of scales made by Avery in the 1960s The undocumented origin of the company goes back to 1730 when James Ford established the business in Digbeth. On Joseph Balden the then owner's death in 1813 William and Thomas Avery took over his scalemaking business and in 1818 renamed it W & T Avery. The business rapidly expanded and in 1885 they owned three factories: the Atlas Works in West Bromwich, the Mill Lane Works in Birmingham and the Moat Lane Works in Digbeth. In 1891 the business became a limited company with a board of directors and in 1894 the shares were quoted on the London Stock Exchange. In 1895 the company bought the legendary Soho Foundry in Smethwick, a former steam engine factory owned by James Watt & Co. In 1897 the move was complete and the steam engine business was gradually converted to pure manufacture of weighing machines. The turn of the century was marked by managing director William Hipkins' determined efforts in broadening the renown of the Avery brand and transforming the business into a specialist manufacturer of weighing machines.Hipkins died on the Titanic in 1912. By 1914 the company occupied an area of 32,000m² and had some 3000 employees. In the inter-war period the growth continued with the addition of specialised shops for cast parts, enamel paints and weighbridge assembly and the product range diversified into counting machines, testing machines, automatic packing machines and petrol pumps. During the second world war the company also produced various types of heavy guns. At that time the site underwent severe damage from parachute mines and incendiary bombs, some of many which landed on the town of Smethwick. From 1931 to 1973 the company occupied the 18th-century Middlesex Sessions House in Clerkenwell as its headquarters. Changes in weighing machine technology after World War II led to the closure of the foundry, the introduction of load cells and electronic weighing with the simultaneous gradual disappearance of purely mechanical devices. After almost a century of national and international expansion the company was taken over by GEC in 1979. Keith Hodgkinson, managing director at the time, completed the turn-around from mechanical to electronic weighing with a complete overhaul of the product range of retail scales and industrial platform scales. In 1993 GEC took over the Dutch-based company Berkel and the Avery Berkel name was introduced. GEC Avery continued to operate as a part of the Avery Berkel Group. In 2000, the business was in turn acquired by the US- American company Weigh-Tronix to form Avery Weigh-Tronix, Avery Berkel continued to operate as a brand of the newly created company with GEC Avery being absorbed by the Avery Berkel brand. In 2015, the Avery museum, which had existed for almost nine decades, was closed and the collection dispersed. == Acquisitions == The company has made several large acquisition over the years that help contribute to its large size. *1895 James Watt & Co *1899 Parnall & Sons Ltd. *1920/1928 Southall and Smith Ltd. *1920 Saml. Denison & Son Ltd. (name changed to Avery-Denison Ltd. in 1970) *1925 Oertling Ltd. *1931 The Tan Sad Chair Co. (1931) Ltd. *1932 Avery-Hardoll Ltd. *1953/1976 Pump Maintenance Ltd. *1959 Geo Driver & Son Ltd.; merged in 1966 with Southall and Smith Ltd. to form Driver Southall Ltd. *1968 Stanton Redcroft Ltd. *1973 Telomex Ltd. At some point, the company owned Haseley Manor, in Warwickshire. ==See also== thumb|upright|Ticket from a W. & T Avery weighing machine, dated on reverse, 26 July 1929 * Roberval Balance * Weighbridge ==References== ==Literature== * Ernest Pendarves Leigh-Bennett, Weighing the World: an impression after two hundred years of the past history of an English house of business, and of its present activities and influence throughout the world of weighing, 1730-1930, Birmingham, 1930 * Walter Keith Vernon Gale, Soho Foundry, Birmingham, 1948 * Monopolies and Mergers Commission, The General Electric Company Limited and Averys Limited: a report on the proposed merger, London, 1979, * L H Broadbent, "The Avery Business (1730-1918)", W & T Avery, Birmingham, 1949 ==External links== * www.averyweigh-tronix.com Corporate website * Avery Chronology of the Avery company * The Soho Foundry History of the company's main site * The General Electric Company Limited and Averys Limited Chapter One of The General Electric Company Limited and Averys Limited: A Report on the Proposed Merger * Averys Limited Chapter Four of The General Electric Company Limited and Averys Limited: A Report on the Proposed Merger * Names on Weights A list of manufacturers whose names appears on British weights ==See also== *Sir William Beilby Avery Category:Weighing instruments Category:Industrial Revolution Category:Manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom Category:Companies based in Smethwick
W & T Fordyce was a nineteenth century firm of publishers based in the early years at 48 Dean Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, which later moved to 15 Grey Street, Newcastle. It was responsible for the editing, publishing, printing (and partially for the) selling of the book The Tyne Songster. About 1837 William Fordyce (died 1865) took his brother Thomas (1810–89) into the firm as a partner and the name was changed from W Fordyce to W & T Fordyce. Thomas was in business as a printer 1832-67 at Upper Buxton St, Newcastle. == Works == Items published by the firm include numerous chapbooks and several other books which include:- * History of Paul Jones, The Pirate - A brief account of John Paul Jones, the American Revolutionary War hero, from the perspective of the British. 24 pages, undated, [18--] – sold for the price of 9d (3.75 new pence). * A history of coal, coke, coal fields, the winning and working of collieries, varieties of coal, mine surveying and government inspection : iron, its ores and processes of manufacture, throughout Great Britain, France, Belgium, &c.; : more particularly in reference to the Great Northern Coal Field of Northumberland and Durham and of the recently discovered iron ores in the Cleveland District : including estimates of the capital required to embark in the coal, coke, or iron trades; the probable amount of profit to be realised; value of mineral property &c.;, &c.; : the information contained in the chapters on the coal and iron trades will be bought down to the present time, by William Fordyce, (Newcastle upon Tyne W. Fordyce, [18--?]). * Local Records: or, Historical register of remarkable events, which have occurred in Northumberland and Durham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and Berwick-upon-Tweed from the earliest period of authentic record to the present time; with biographical notices of deceased persons of talent, eccentricity, and longevity (July 1866) - Published c. 1876 - and in which Thomas is credited as joint author * A New Valentine Writer for Ladies & Gentlemen; Being a Choice Collection of the Most Fashionable, Quizzical, and Amorous Pieces, With Answers, Adapted to All Ages of Either Sex, and to Trades and Professions - Printed and sold by W. & T. Fordyce (Newcastle upon Tyne). * The Long Pack, a Northumberland Tale, a Hundred Years Old \- Publisher and printer, W. and T. Fordyce. * The Tyne Songster - A Choice Selection of Songs in the Newcastle Dialect - published 1840 == See also == *Geordie dialect words ==References== ==External links== * The Tyne Songster - A Choice Selection of Songs in the Newcastle Dialect * Farne archives Category:Music publishing companies of the United Kingdom
W (also titled I Want Her Dead and W Is the Mark of Death) is a 1974 American psychological thriller film directed by Richard Quine and starring Twiggy, Dirk Benedict and Michael Witney. It was produced by Mel Ferrer.W (1974) Full Cast & Crew, IMDb ==Plot== Within 24 hours, three near-fatal accidents have occurred. At the scene of each, the letter "W" is scrawled over the injured person. Katie Lewis (Twiggy) and her husband Ben (Michael Witney) discover that these accidents are in fact the work of a mysterious killer, and that they are the real targets. While trying to avoid death, the couple must struggle to discover the source of these attacks. ==Cast== *Twiggy as Katie Lewis *Michael Witney as Ben Lewis *Eugene Roche as Charles Jasper *Dirk Benedict as William Caulder *John Vernon as Arnie Felson *Michael Conrad as Lt. Whitfield *Alfred Ryder as Investigator ==Filming== W was filmed at San Pedro Harbor and Trancas Beach, California, from April 30 to mid-June 1973. ==References== ==External links== * * * * Category:1974 films Category:1970s psychological thriller films Category:American psychological thriller films Category:Films scored by Johnny Mandel Category:Films directed by Richard Quine Category:Cinerama Releasing Corporation films Category:Films with screenplays by Ronald Shusett Category:1970s English-language films Category:1970s American films
W is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language musical thriller film directed by Tarun Madan Chopra, based on a script written by Daboo Sardar Malik and Tarun Madan Chopra. The movie starred Leeza Mangaldas, Leslie Tripathy, Sonal Giani, Raaj Singh Arora, Abhey Jit Attri and Danish Pandor and released on 14 March 2014. It underperformed at the box office. ==Synopsis== Sandy (Leeza Mangaldas), Ruhi (Leslie Tripathy), and Manu (Sonal Giani) are three best friends that run W, an event management company that focuses on music events. While traveling to The Freedom Concert, an event that was supposed to be their big break, they come across a group of misogynistic men who don't like how modern and self- sufficient the three women are and end up raping them. Because the three men are of good social standing, the police are particularly unhelpful and the women are traumatized by how they are treated afterwards. This prompts the three women to form the Vengeance Squad in order to take their own revenge against their rapists. ==Cast== * Leeza Mangaldas as Sandhya Singh a.k.a. Sandy * Leslie Tripathy as Roohi Malik * Sonal Giani as Manu * Raaj Singh Arora as Abhay a.k.a. Bhaiji * Danish Pandor as Dhruv * Abhey Jit Attri as Chote * Meer Ali * Gagan Guru ==Production and release== right|thumb|Liza Mangaldas, Raj Arora, Apeksha Dandekar, Tarun Chopra at their maiden venture 'W' In January 2013 it was confirmed that Leslie Tripathy would be performing in the film in an unspecified role, as would Leeza Mangaldas, Sonal Gyaani, Raj Arora, Daanish Pandor and Abhey Attri. Filming took place in Delhi. ==Reception== The Times of India panned the film, giving it 1 1/2 stars and stating "There is no emotional conflict in the story that provokes you to think or get inspired. Situations are written to convenience the protagonists' quest for revenge. And they get it way too easy. The shallow treatment doesn't live up to the topic addressed." Business Insider criticized the film as missing the "emotional pain and conflict" that similarly themed films such as Adalat o Ekti Meye possessed, commenting that they felt W was a "stereotype revenge drama that [worked] out all too smoothly". ==Music== The film's music and background score is written and composed by Daboo Malik. The musical duo of Amaal Mallik and Armaan Malik will be contributing to the soundtrack as singers, as will Neha Bhasin, and Apeksha Dandekar. ===Track list=== ==References== == External links == * * * "Legacy Film Productions LLP" Category:2010s Hindi-language films Category:2014 films Category:Indian thriller films Category:Indian musical films Category:2010s musical films Category:2014 thriller films Category:Hindi-language thriller films
W is the twenty-seventh studio album by Japanese experimental band Boris, released 21 January 2022 on the Sacred Bones label. == Background == W is intended to be a companion piece to the band's 2020 studio album NO, with the titles of the two albums combining to create the word NOW. Whereas the previous album focused on aggressive hardcore songs, W focuses on ethereal and ambient compositions to serve as a counterpoint. The two albums are intended to address the conflicts and uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, with the band describing the project as “a continuous circle of harshness and healing". Several reviewers noticed that W builds upon the song "Interlude" which closed the previous album, with other reviewers finding connections between various songs on each album. Among recent Boris albums, W is unusual because guitarist Wata performs all of the lead vocals. ==Critical reception== Upon its release, W received largely positive reviews. Greg Hyde of Backseat Mafia noted the haunting quality of Wata's vocals, and concluded that "fans of Boris should find it interesting to hear the band perform material that is far more ethereal than that which they will be used to hearing them play." Metal Injection noted that the album's ambient compositions appear to be influenced by artists as diverse as My Bloody Valentine, Portishead, and John Cage, and noted that the album highlights lesser-known new age and psychedelic components of Boris's sound. Reviewer Alex Deller of The Quietus noted that not all of the album is slow and ambient, with some of the band's customary aggressive riffs appearing occasionally to add a sense of variety. Deller called the album "an intricately-wrought, nest-like space that manages to intrigue and fascinate despite the familiar elements that have been used in its construction". Invisible Oranges described W as shoegaze with elements of electronic music and drone metal, concluding that the album "takes their [Boris's] noisier textures to new heights while leveraging Wata’s vocals to alternately lull, scintillate, and shush the listener." In a review for AllMusic, Thom Jurek noted that Wata's quiet vocals often fail to rise above the sonic backdrop, but concluded that this contributes to the album's atmospheric nature while the album "offers a more elegant, restrained side of Boris than we've ever encountered before." ==Track listing== ==Personnel== Boris *Takeshi – bass, guitar, vocals *Wata – lead vocals, guitar, keyboards, accordion, echo, music box *Atsuo – drums, electronics, percussion, vocals Additional personnel * SuGar Yoshinaga – production, guitar, synthesizer, vocals * Koichi Hara – mastering, mixing * Fangs Anal Satan – engineering, design * Kotao Tomozawa – paintings * Yoshihiro Mori – photography * Yoshiko Ikeda – translation ==References== Category:2022 albums Category:Boris (band) albums Category:Sacred Bones Records albums
W is a British free-to-air television channel owned by BBC Studios. It originally launched on 7 October 2008 as Watch and until 2022 was a pay television channel. On 15 February 2016, the channel was rebranded as W. The channel currently broadcasts crimes, dramas, game shows and documentaries. ==History== The channel launched on 7 October 2008 as the new flagship channel for the UKTV network of channels. On Sky, it took over capacity previously used for UKTV Style +2, which had closed on 15 September 2008 in preparation for the launch. The channel would feature general entertainment programmes, primarily from the programme archive of the BBC, who owned a 50% share of the network through the corporation's commercial arm BBC Worldwide. The channel featured flagship programmes from the BBC, such as Torchwood, general entertainment programmes from the corporation and international versions of popular current British programming, such as Dancing with the Stars (the US version of Strictly Come Dancing) and the various American editions of Wipeout, which is titled as Total Wipeout USA to avert confusion with the British programme of the same name. The channel also featured programmes displaced following the repositioning of other UKTV channels, such as the move of all non-crime drama to the channel following Alibi's launch, and programming already shown on other UKTV channels in greater numbers, such as Traffic Cops. The W Channel controller is currently Paul Moreton. The channel went free on satellite on 21 March 2022, ahead of a full relaunch of W as a free channel on both Freeview and Freesat on a week later on 28 March, with a revised onscreen identity.Bowler, Hannah; The Drum, 2022-03-21 To make way for the addition of W, Dave ja vu moved to the position previously occupied by Drama +1,[Freeview EPG listings showing Dave ja vu programming on Drama +1 channel and W listings on existing Dave ja vu, from 12noon on 2022-03-28] which had been added to the Freeview lineup following UKTV's purchase and closure of CCXTV. Drama +1 wasn't replaced on Freeview in the sense of leaving the platform instead it moved to Freeview channel 60 which was previously occupied by ITV4 +1. ==Subsidiary channels== ===W +1=== The channel also operates a timeshift service, W +1 (short for the previous name as Watch +1), where the programme schedule is repeated by the channel one hour later. The channel receives no special branding, with the occasional exception of a special Digital on-screen graphic (DOG). It launched the same day as the main Watch channel on 7 October 2008 and was reported by AGB Nielsen Media Research on 2 September 2008. ===W HD=== On 29 July 2011, UKTV announced that it had secured a deal with Sky to launch three more high-definition channels on their platform. As part of Virgin Media's deal to sell its share of UKTV, all five of UKTV's HD channels would also be added to Virgin's cable television service by 2012. Watch HD launched on 12 October 2011 on Sky and Virgin Media, two days after Dave HD, while Alibi HD launched in July 2012. All three channels are HD simulcasts of the standard-definition channels. Watch HD became available on BT TV & Plusnet later in the year. ==On-air identity== ===2008–2016=== When Watch launched in October 2008, along with G.O.L.D. and Alibi, the original on screen identity featured a large eyeball nicknamed 'Blinky'. The music used in the background of the television advertisements is "You Will Leave a Mark" by Oxford band A Silent Film. The channels original idents featured a liveaction video of the eyeball being pushed around by a large and varied group of people around various settings until the eyeball ends up in the centre of the screen and the Watch name appears at the bottom of the screen. The set of four idents were produced by Red Bee Media for the channel. However, in April 2009, the four existing idents were edited by Aardman Animations to make the inflatable eyeball blink, along with new soundtracks. In addition, four new CGI idents were introduced as well as the edited idents and in May 2010, a new ident for Scream if You Know the Answer! During May 2010, UKTV were reportedly planning to overhaul the brand identity of Watch, after only eighteen months in operation. The broadcaster held a branding agency pitch and made an appointment within a month, with the review was being handled by creativebrief. The work included the creation of a fresh logo, strap-line and tone of voice for the channel, however, a spokeswoman for UKTV denied suggestions that the broadcaster would change the name of the channel and said that the overhaul was about "tweaking the brand and aligning it better with our overall strategy". The new Watch logo and channel presentation launched on 23 September 2010, focusing on the idea that "TV is better shared!". The new identity, created by agency Harriman Steel, includes a new strapline, "Watch... together", along with new idents, end frames and a new logo. The idents feature a scene against a black background with various elements of the scene being provided, by people in black outfits. The scenes progress with the appearance of the film being seen in reverse until the ident pans to a screen displaying three phrases related to the scene ending with the word "together." before the Watch logo is placed over the last phrase forming the channel tagline. Other promotional material makes use of the channel tagline or the appearance that the channel promotions are held in place by the black dressed men, as seen by the various covered hands shown at the edge of promotion end boards. On 23 January 2012, it was announced that Watch would receive a rebrand for a second time, created by DixonBaxi, and was to be launched on 13 February 2012, but only the promos, DOG and ECP changed on that date. But the new idents were made on 9 March 2012. ===2016–2022=== On 15 January 2016, it was announced that Watch would be renamed to W on 15 February 2016. In February 2022, Broadcast magazine reported that the channel would become a free-to-air channel in the spring, joining stablemates Dave, Yesterday and Drama as a Freeview service. In March 2022, this was confirmed by UKTV, who rebranded the channel's mantra to "Life Unfiltered" and introduced a new logo which included the letter W in a slanted rectangle. The logo will be mainly seen on air and in corporate branding with an orange background, with channel idents showing a series of relatable human moments behind the logo. This female skewing channel will be still targeted at a 25 to 44 age range and will be on Freeview channel 25 from 28 March 2022. W have a free-to-air launch schedule with programmes such as Inside the Ambulance, Stacey Dooley Sleeps Over, Nurses on the Ward, Emma Willis Delivering Babies, Emma Willis & AJ Odudu Get to Work and Women on the Force, part of the line- up. ===2022–present=== UKTV confirmed the rumours that the W channel was going to rebrand as a free-to-air channel on 28 March 2022 at 6:00am. To coincide with the move, channel bosses unveiled a new logo and "Life Unfiltered" strapline which they say will help the channel connect with its female skewing 25-44 target audience. ==Logo history== File:Watch (UKTV) logo.png|First logo, 7 October 2008 until 23 September 2010 File:Watch logo 2010.png|Second logo, 23 September 2010 until 9 March 2012 File:Watch logo 2012.png|Third logo, 13 February 2012 until 15 February 2016 File:W (UKTV) 2016.png|Fourth logo, 15 February 2016 until 28 March 2022 File:W HD logo 2016.png|Third HD logo, 15 February 2016 until 28 March 2022 File:W +1 logo 2016.png|Fourth +1 logo, 15 February 2016 until 28 March 2022 File:W (UKTV) 2022.svg|Fifth logo, 28 March 2022 – present File:W HD logo 2022.svg|Fourth HD logo, 28 March 2022 – present File:W +1 logo 2022.svg|Fifth +1 logo, 28 March 2022 – present ==Programming== ===Current programming=== *999: Rescue Squad *American Housewife *Beverly Hills Pawn *The Bill *Border Patrol *Boston's Finest *Booze Patrol Australia *The Catherine Tate Show *Celebrity Advice Bureau *Celebrity Haunted Mansion *Celebrity Haunted Mansion: High Spirits *Celebrity MasterChef *Choccywoccydoodah *Dating with My Mates *David Beckham: Into The Unknown *Derren Brown *DIY SOS *Doctor Who *Emma Willis: Delivering Babies *Emma Willis: Meet the Babies *Extreme Makeover: Home Edition *Gavin & Stacey *Heston's Fantastical Food *Honey I Bought The House *Humble Pie *In the Club *Inside the Ambulance *I've Got Something To Tell You *John Bishop: In Conversation With... *Jonathan Creek *Luther *Masterchef Australia *MasterChef Junior USA *MasterChef USA *Million Dollar Intern *The Musketeers *My Dream Home *My Family *Myleene: Miscarriage and Me *Nev's Indian Call Centre *Nick Knowles' Original Features *Nurses on the Ward *Oddities *One Born Every Minute *Outnumbered *Property Brothers *Rochelle Humes: Interior Designer in the Making *Russell Howard's Good News *Sea City *Sherlock *Stacey Dooley Investigates *Stacey Dooley Sleeps Over *The Secrets in My Family *The Strain *Supernanny *Tipping Point *Traffic Cops *The Wave *The Wedding Fixer *W1A *Who Do You Think You Are? *Who Do You Think You Are? USA *Women on the Verge ===Former programming=== *Aaagh! It's the Mr. Hell Show! *Absolutely Fabulous *After You've Gone *Alcatraz *Atlantis *Bailiffs *Battlechefs *Beauty & the Beast *Being Human *Believe *Ben Earl: Trick Artist *Best In Town *Betty White's Off Their Rockers *Bin There, Dump That *Blues and Twos *The Blue Planet *Border Patrol *Bottom *Cars, Cops And Criminals *Celebrity Haunted Hotel Live *Celebrity Haunted Hotel: Do Not Disturb *Choccywoccydoodah: Starstruck *Code Black *Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders *Crisis *Coastguard Florida *Confessions from the Underground *Covert Affairs *Dangerman: The Incredible Mr. Goodwin *Daredevil *David Attenborough's Natural Curiosities *Dynamo: Magician Impossible *EastEnders *Emergency Bikers *Escape to the Country *Fake or Fortune? *Flights & Fights - Inside The Low Cost Airlines *Get Me to the Church *Grange Hill *Grimm *The Hairy Bikers' Cookbook *Haunted Collector *Haunted Highway *Helicopter Heroes *Hollywood Treasure *The Honourable Woman *Human Planet *Iceland Foods: Life in the Freezer Cabinet *Jackpots And Jinxes: Lottery Stories *Katherine Mills: Mind Games *Kolkata with Sue Perkins *The Men Who Jump Off Buildings *My Breasts And I *My Flat - Pack Home *My Hero *Nigel Marven's Cruise Ship Adventure *Paranormal Witness *Perception *Planet Dinosaur *Planet Earth *Pointless *Pride and Prejudice *Primeval: New World *Primeval *Quantum Leap *Recruits: Paramedics *Rescue: Code One *The Restoration Man *Resurrection *Rick Stein's Far Eastern Odyssey *Road Patrol Australia *The Route Masters: Running London's Roads *The Roux Scholarship 2013 *Sara Cox on Friendship *Secrets and Lies *Seven Envelopes *Silk *Singing in the Rainforest *Sky Cops *Sophie on Fame *Stacey Dooley in Australia *Stansted: The Inside Story *Stranded *Supersize My Job *Undercover Boss *Vets in Practice *Vets to the Rescue *World's Most Talented *The World's Strictest Parents The channel also produced and broadcast the programmes: Baywatch, Richard & Judy's New Position, The Borrowers, Tarrant Lets the Kids Loose, Hart of Dixie, The Weakest Link, Walking with..., Love Soup, Dancing with the Stars, Outtake TV, and Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps for a time, however, these are no longer broadcast. ===Most watched programmes=== The following is a list of the 11 most watched shows on W, based on Live +7 data supplied by BARB up to 7 February 2016.BARB, via The number of viewers does not include repeats or W +1. Rank Show Episode Viewers Date 1 Dynamo: Magician Impossible 2.01 1,927,000 5 July 2012 2 2.02 1,826,000 12 July 2012 3 2.03 1,793,000 19 July 2012 4 1.04 1,441,000 28 July 2011 5 1.02 1,391,000 14 July 2011 6= 1.03 1,384,000 21 July 2011 2.04 1,384,000 26 July 2012 8 Alcatraz 1.01 – Pilot 1,299,000 13 March 2012 9 1.06 – Paxton Petty 1,229,000 17 April 2012 10= 1.08 – The Ames Brothers 1,193,000 1 May 2012 Dynamo: Magician Impossible 3.01 1,193,000 11 July 2013 ==See also== * UKTV * Television in the United Kingdom ==References== ==External links== * at TVA Category:Television channels and stations established in 2008 Category:UKTV Category:UKTV channels
W was a streetcar line in Los Angeles, California. It was operated by the Los Angeles Railway (LARy) from 1895 to 1956. ==History== The Washington Line was one of the first to be built by LARy. The Maple Street Line was the first electric railway in Los Angeles, built by the Los Angeles Electric Railway Company — this line was taken over by the Los Angeles Consolidated Railway and in turn acquired by LARy in 1895. A former horsecar route, the Los Angeles Consolidated Railway, was acquired by the Los Angeles Railway and electrified for streetcar service in 1895, dubbed the Kuhrts Street–Easlake Park Line. These were merged in 1902 to form the Maple Avenue and East Lake Park Line. Its northern terminus was at the intersection of Piedmont Street and Pasadena Avenue in Garvanza. This segment of the route closely followed the Arroyo Seco, ATSF main line, Los Angeles Terminal Pasadena branch, and Los Angeles and Pasadena Railway, stopping quite close to Highland Park Station. From there, it entered Downtown Los Angeles by way of Piedmont, Avenue 61, Monte Vista Street, Marmion Way, Dayton Avenue, Avenue 20, Main Street, Tenth Street, Flower Street, Washington Boulevard, La Salle Street, and 22nd Street to a terminus at 22nd and Western Avenue. In 1911, the route was extended along Washington Boulevard to Rimpau Boulevard. The section of track on 22nd Street and La Salle was kept as a shuttle route until 1921. At the northeast end, an extension was built along Eagle Rock Avenue to Buena Vista Terrace. In 1919, the Tenth Street segment was eliminated and streetcar tracks were built through the Broadway Tunnel, enabling the line to bypass Main Street entirely, and instead run through Downtown Los Angeles by way of Broadway, 11th Street, and Flower Street. In 1921, it was renamed "W." Around 1922, a branch line was built from Pasadena Avenue up York Boulevard to Avenue 50, and was quite popular. In 1948, the Annandale section was abandoned and York Boulevard became the sole northern terminus. In 1955, the entire northeastern segment of the route was abandoned and the W line then ran east via Broadway to Lincoln Park Avenue. The entire route was abandoned a year later on November 18, 1956, with substitute bus service becoming the 12 Line. ==References== ==External links== * W Line Archives — Pacific Electric Railway Historical Society * Category:Los Angeles Railway routes Category:Railway lines opened in 1895 Category:Railway lines closed in 1956 Category:1895 establishments in California Category:1956 disestablishments in California
W is the second solo studio album by English recording artist Planningtorock, released on 23 May 2011 by Rostron Records and DFA Records. ==Background and recording== Although Planningtorock had been working on the album's songs since 2007, eventually writing more than 27 songs, they didn't sign with DFA Records until correspondence began with James Murphy in 2010 after he sent them a fan email that said "Really like the Planningtorock stuff – just saying". ==Reception== ===Critical reception=== W received generally positive reviews from music critics upon its release. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 73, based on 16 reviews, which indicates "generally favorable reviews". Alex Denney of NME described the album as "a masterpiece of art-pop experimentalism that gleefully expands on [Planningtorock's] debut". Heather Phares from AllMusic stated, "W isn’t as rousing as its predecessor, but it may be an even richer album; in its own way, it's just as audacious". Kitty Empire, writing for The Guardian, commented that W "often takes a bit of dedication, but it's a challenging, lavish listen, too". Summarized Consequence of Sound, "It might be tempting for some to initially dismiss Planningtorock as weird for the sake of being weird, but W exposes an artist who is experimenting with musical conventions, with bizarre and often captivating results". ===Accolades=== Clash placed W at number 17 on its list of the top 40 albums of 2011. NME placed the album at number 25 on its list of the 50 best albums of 2011. Sentimentalist Magazine placed it at number two on its list of the top ten albums of 2011. ==Singles== "Doorway" was released as the album's lead single commercially in Europe on 21 February 2011. Planningtorock directed and edited the music video for the song by themself. "The Breaks" became the second single for W and was named the "Single of the Week" by Clash. The single included a remix by Telepathe. The song was later offered as the Free MP3 of the Day on 30 June 2011 on Spinner. "Living It Out" serves as the album's third single and included remixes by Jackson and Billy Lock (the alias of Felix Martin from Hot Chip). Planningtorock directed two separate music videos: one for the original song and another for the remix by Laurel Halo. ==Track listing== All songs and lyrics written and composed by Planningtorock, except where noted. ==Personnel== Credits for W: *Planningtorock – vocals, producer, instrumentalist, engineer, mixing, artwork *Christoffer Berg – mixing, additional production *Sebastian Müller – mixing *Bureau – artwork *Simon Davey – mastering *Al Doyle – additional production *Olof Dreijer – additional production *Tom Hopkins – additional production *Hjorleifur Jonsson – percussion *Sten Källman – saxophone *Pat Mahoney – drums *Felix Martin – additional production *Alex Pieroni – Additional production on 'Manifesto' ==References== ==External links== * *"The Breaks" at Vimeo *"Living It Out" at Vimeo Category:2011 albums Category:DFA Records albums Category:Planningtorock albums
W () is a 2016 South Korean television series, starring Lee Jong-suk and Han Hyo-joo. Consisting of 16 episodes, it aired on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 22:00 (KST) on MBC from July 20 to September 14, 2016. W centers on the clash between "two worlds": the real world and an alternate universe inside a webtoon, from which the title of the television series was taken. The series received praise for its unique premise and ranked first in Content Power Index in its premiere week. It achieved modest ratings of 11.63%, topping viewership ratings in its time slot for its entire run. ==Plot== A romance takes place between Kang Chul (Lee Jong-Suk), who is super rich and exist in the webtoon “W,” and Oh Yeon-Joo (Han Hyo-Joo) who is a surgeon in the real world. == Episodes == ==Cast== ===Main=== * Lee Jong-suk as Kang Cheol :The lead character of the popular comic series W. He is the co-CEO of the e-commerce company JN Global, owner of broadcasting channel W, and an Olympic gold medalist in shooting in his youth. His family was murdered by an elusive murderer, yet Kang Cheol was immediately suspected to be the killer due to his shooting background. After being proven innocent, Kang Cheol seeks vengeance on the murderer through his broadcasting channel W. When he is stabbed on the rooftop of his penthouse by the murderer, he meets Oh Yeon-joo who saves his life and with whom he falls in love. * Han Hyo-joo as Oh Yeon-joo ** Hyun Seung-min as teenage Yeon-joo ** Park Min-ha as child Yeon-joo :A second-year resident cardiothoracic surgeon in Myung-sei Hospital. She is the daughter of the Oh Seong-moo, author and illustrator of the famous webtoon W. A fan of her father's work, she goes to his studio to investigate his sudden disappearance. There, she is pulled into W's alternate universe and meets its protagonist Kang Cheol, with whom she eventually falls in love. ===Supporting=== ====Characters from the webtoon W==== * Kim Eui-sung as Han Sang-hoon :The real killer of Kang Cheol's family. His identity is not revealed until much later, and his face resembles the comic series's author Oh Seong-moo. Before Seong-moo gives him a name and face, he mostly appears as a shadowy, faceless human form. * Jung Yoo-jin as Yoon So-hee :Kang Cheol's long-time secretary and his friend since they were in high school. Her romantic feelings for Kang Cheol are subtly alluded to throughout the series through her actions and behavior around him, which lead to readers’ general expectations of their marriage. Originally intended to be the main female character who would later become Kang Cheol's love interest, she is replaced by Yeon-joo when Kang Cheol falls in love with her. * Lee Tae-hwan as Seo Do-yoon :Kang Cheol's loyal bodyguard and close friend. Using his knowledge of martial arts, he trained Kang Cheol to fight and is always alongside him in beating bad guys. * Park Won-sang as Han Cheol-ho :A secondary antagonist of the webtoon. He is a power-hungry prosecutor and a member of Congress who is also the presidential prospect of a new democratic party. To gain political popularity, he becomes the prosecutor in charge of Kang Cheol's case when the latter was accused of his family's murder. * as Son Hyun-seok :The director of Project W, a program specializing in criminal investigation, and the general manager of the broadcasting channel W. ====People around Oh Yeon-joo==== * Kim Eui-sung as Oh Seong-moo :Yeon-joo's father and a famous artist who created the webtoon W. Once a failed webtoon artist, alcoholic and divorcé, he gains popularity from W. However, he notices that his webtoon and its characters have taken on a reality of their own. As a result, he perceives Kang Cheol as a monster and seeks to eliminate him. * Lee Si-eon as Park Soo-bong :An apprentice of Seong- moo and confidante of Yeon-joo * Nam Gi-ae as Gil Soo-sun :Yeon-joo's mother and Seong-moo's ex-wife. * as Park Min-soo :Cardiothoracic surgeon and Professor at Myung-sei Hospital. He is a passionate fan of W * Kang Ki-young as Kang Suk-beom :Second-year resident cardiothoracic surgeon at Myung-sei Hospital and Yeon-joo's friend * as Gil Soo-young :Yeon-joo's aunt * Ryu Hye- rin as Sun-mi :Seung-moo's apprentice * as Yoon-hee :Seung-moo's apprentice ===Extended=== ===Special appearances=== * as Kang Yoon – Cheol's father * Kim Na-woon as Yoon Mi-ho – Cheol's mother (episode 1) * Seo Shin-ae as Kang Soo- yeon – Cheol's sister (episode 1) * Choi Min-young as Kang Joon-seok – Cheol's brother (episode 1) * Hwang Seok-jeong as Webtoon Writer (episode 6) * Ahn Se- ha as Kim Poong-ho – Yeon-joo's blind date (episode 6) * as Anchorman (episodes 1, 4) * Heo Il-hoo ==Production== The series is helmed by director Jung Dae-yoon, who directed She Was Pretty, and writer Song Jae-jung, whose previous works include Nine: Nine Time Travels and Queen In-hyun's Man. The first script reading of the drama was held in May 2016. The drama is Han Hyo- joo's small screen comeback after six years. ==Original soundtrack== ===Part 1=== ===Part 2=== ===Part 3=== === Part 4 === === Part 5 === === Part 6 === === Part 7 === === Part 8 === === Part 9 === ==== Charted songs ==== Title Year Peak chart positions Sales Remarks KOR Gaon "Where Are U" (Jung Joon-young) 2016 * KOR: 121,780+ "Please Say Something Even Though It Is A Lie" (Park Bo-ram) * KOR: 214,865+ "Falling" (Jo Hyun-ah (Urban Zakapa)) * KOR: 60,637+ "Without You" (N (VIXX) & Yeoeun (Melody Day)) * KOR: 26,260+ ===Album charts=== Chart (2016) Peak position South Korea (Gaon Album Chart) 16 Taiwan (FIVE-MUSIC Album Chart) To access, select the indicated week and year in the bottom-left corner 17 ==Ratings== Original broadcast date Average audience share Nielsen Korea TNmS Nationwide Seoul Nationwide Seoul 1 July 20, 2016 10.4% 11.3% 2 July 21, 2016 9.5% 10.7% 10.1% 11.5% 3 July 27, 2016 12.9% 11.6% 13.7% 4 July 28, 2016 12.9% 14.3% 13.4% 14.7% 5 August 3, 2016 13.5% 14.3% 15.1% 6 August 4, 2016 12.2% 12.2% 14.2% 15.9% 7 August 10, 2016 14.7% 17.3% 8 August 17, 2016 12.2% 13.3% 13.5% 15.0% 9 August 18, 2016 11.3% 12.5% 12.7% 14.7% 10 August 24, 2016 12.3% 13.7% 13.9% 15.3% 11 August 25, 2016 12.2% 12.8% 14.6% 15.8% 12 August 31, 2016 11.1% 12.0% 13.3% 15.1% 13 September 1, 2016 11.9% 13.2% 12.9% 15.0% 14 September 7, 2016 10.9% 11.8% 13.1% 15.3% 15 September 8, 2016 11.4% 12.3% 11.8% 14.1% 16 September 14, 2016 9.3% 10.6% Average * == Other adaptations == A Thai remake of the drama, Switch On was aired on Channel 3 on November 19, 2021. An American adaptation, titled Angel City was in development at The CW. The project will be produced by CBS Studios with Craig Plestis as executive producer. A Malaysian remake of the drama, which also titled W: Two Worlds started streaming in 2023 on Viu. == Awards and nominations == Year Award Category Recipient Result Ref. 2016 5th APAN Star Awards Top Excellence Award, Actor in a Miniseries Lee Jong-suk 2016 5th APAN Star Awards Top Excellence Award, Actress in a Miniseries Han Hyo-joo 2016 5th APAN Star Awards Best Supporting Actor Kim Eui-sung 2016 5th APAN Star Awards Best Couple Award Lee Jong-suk and Han Hyo-joo 2016 1st Asia Artist Awards Best Artist Award, actor Lee Jong-suk 2016 1st Asia Artist Awards Best Artist Award, actress Han Hyo- joo 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Drama of the Year W 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Grand Prize / Daesang (Determined through fan votes) Lee Jong-suk 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Grand Prize / Daesang (Determined through fan votes) Han Hyo-joo 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Top Excellence Award, Actor in a Miniseries Lee Jong-suk 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Top Excellence Award, Actress in a Miniseries Han Hyo-joo 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Golden Acting Award, Actor in a Miniseries Kim Eui-sung 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Writer of the Year Song Jae-jung 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Best New Actor Lee Si-eon 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Best New Actor Lee Tae-hwan 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Best New Actress Jung Yoo-jin 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Best Couple Award Lee Jong-suk and Han Hyo-joo 2016 36th MBC Drama Awards Best Couple Award Kim Eui-sung and Lee Si-eon 2016 Korea Content Awards Prime Minister Commendation Song Jae-jung 2017 Korea Communications Commission Broadcasting Awards Korean Wave Program Excellence Prize W 50th WorldFest Houston International Film Festival Special Jury Award W 53rd Baeksang Arts Awards Best Drama W Best Director Jung Dae-yoon Best Screenplay Song Jae-jung Seoul International Drama Awards Outstanding Korean Drama W ==Notes== ==References== ==External links== * * * W at Daum * W at Naver Movies Category:2016 South Korean television series debuts Category:2016 South Korean television series endings Category:MBC TV television dramas Category:South Korean fantasy television series Category:South Korean suspense television series Category:South Korean romance television series Category:South Korean television series remade in other languages Category:Works about physicians Category:Television shows about comics Category:Fictional comics Category:Television series about parallel universes Category:Television series by Chorokbaem Media Category:Television shows written by Song Jae-jung
The command w on many Unix-like operating systems provides a quick summary of every user logged into a computer, what each user is currently doing, and what load all the activity is imposing on the computer itself. The command is a one-command combination of several other Unix programs: , , and . == Example == Sample output (which may vary between systems): $ w 11:12am up 608 day(s), 19:56, 6 users, load average: 0.36, 0.36, 0.37 User tty login@ idle what smithj pts/5 8:52am w jonesm pts/23 20Apr06 28 -bash harry pts/18 9:01am 9 pine peterb pts/19 21Apr06 emacs -nw html/index.html janetmcq pts/8 10:12am 3days -csh singh pts/12 16Apr06 5:29 /usr/bin/perl -w perl/test/program.pl == References == ==External links== * * Category:Unix user management and support-related utilities
W is the fourth studio album by Brazilian recording artist Wanessa, released on August 1, 2005. It was released on August 8, 2005, through Sony BMG, followed by a release in other countries three years later on RCA Records. After fulfilling several appointments on her schedule, such as the release of her first live album Transparente and appearances on television, the singer had more time to record her fourth album. In the meantime, its producer César Lemos. Camargo composed eleven of the fifteen tracks of the album, distancing himself more from romantic music to try new styles. W incorporates different styles from their previous albums, which were more country pop, although the beginning of the album is like this, and experience rock in tracks like "Knock, Knock, Knock" and "Minha Vida Gira em Torno de Você" and the dance pop in tracks like "Amor, Amor". As of March 2006, more than 50,000 copies of the product were purchased in Brazil. Of W three singles were released. The first, "Amor, Amor", had a great repercussion in Brazil, becoming one of the most executed in the country. His music video was recorded at the Music School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro under the direction of Victor Botta. The second, "Não Resisto a Nós Dois", repeated the success of the previous one, being among the five most played in the city of São Paulo. The third, "Louca", did not have some kind of music video or strong publicity, being sent only to the radios. A tour was also made to promote the album, entitled W in Tour ... Era Uma Vez and directed by the actress Marília Pêra. ==Background and recording== In October 2002, Wanessa began to present the program Jovens Tardes in Rede Globo, launching its third self-titled album of self in December of that year. The disc was gold-certified by the Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos (ABPD) in 2003. In the same year, the singer recorded her first DVD; she described it as the "realization of a dream" and commented that "all that is happening is the materialization of a dream. Since I was little I wanted to be on the stage singing. Even when I danced with my father and my uncle showed us theirs, I dreamed of my moment". The product was distributed on May 24, 2004, with "Me Engana que Eu Gosto" being released as a single on the same day. The artist also made several television appearances at the time, as in the children's show Sítio do Picapau Amarelo, debuting as an actress and playing Diana Dechamps, in Quebrando a Rotina, in which the artist only entered as a participant, along with Felipe Dylon. After finishing these appointments, the artist decided to work on her fourth studio album. Still during the recording, its producer César Lemos presented to him the Latin rhythms, which the interpreter said that "fell in love" because "it has a beat that makes us feel like dancing, to move the waist". The singer also wrote eleven of the fifteen tracks of the album. In an interview with the Resenhando portal, she said to compose "at unusual times, in moments when I'm alone and start writing. There is no time, no right place." == Composition == W is an album that derives from the musical genres Soft rock, dance-pop and its composition consists of romantic bands to songs with the electronic style. The interpreter reported on the release of his album that in the process of composing the same, his "desire to vent was too great" and that he was "reclusive at the end of 2004 to question my life and my dreams". She also said that the CD is "a cry of freedom, an encounter with myself." The song that starts the album, "Relax", was reviewed by the Musical Universe, which said that "verses there Roberto and Erasmo like "Live life without hurry / Be happy is what matter" and "Life is yours , how to live" may even be good advice to others, but rather have been well assimilated by those who wrote them." "My Life Spins Around You" is a ballad written by the interpreter and her father, Zezé di Camargo. Third track of the album, "Culpada" takes away the myth of eternal male guilt, revealing that women also betray in lines like "The taste of sin I also tasted / I was worse than you / Because I knew how to hide." Already the fifth track of the disc, "Não Resisto a Nós Dois", displays riffs of guitar, in a rock melody. Other tracks that explore rock include "Chamar Atenção" and "Knock, Knock, Knock", the latter being turned to folk. From the ninth track of the album, "Eu Sou", the electronic style begins. The original version of the composition of "Te Quero Só Me" is called "Sure Thing", while "Me Devorar" shows influences of the disco music. The twelfth composition, "Amor, Amor", follows the line of Latin pop, having been compared by the Universo Musical to the songs of the Rouge group. The track "Meu Menino" quotes Prince, an American musical artist. The album ends with "Era uma Vez", the only track that only Wanessa composed. ==Critical reception== Initial reviews for W have been mixed. The Washington Post's Alison Stewart offered a negative view on the project, writing that Wanessa "began a bad year with a bad record." In his written evaluation to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Piet Levy wrote that Campbell is "less an anxious child than an adult" in this new project, although when Wanessa flat come-ons are juxtaposed with experienced R&B; of course as an interpreter, he still has a lot of growing to do. Pop portal commenter found the genres of the album strange according stating that "Wanessa had outdone himself this time." already critical Manoel Grachi found the excellent album of others who did wanessa saying: "You can see she grew a lot in this last record, although the songs are alternative versions to liguagem her, she demonstrated that knows how to do it well"He said the commentator, other critics of contemporary music found a poor mix of genres, saying Wanessa not used the Latin genres. ==Promotion== === Singles === thumbnail|150px|right|Wanessa performing "Amor, Amor" on the W in Tour... Era Uma Vez. "Amor, Amor" was released as the first and lead single by W on June 11, 2005. It gained a great repercussion in Brazil, becoming one of the ten most played in the country in the week of August 10 of that year according to measurement done by Crowley Broadcast Analysis. His corresponding music video, directed by Victor Botta and recorded in the School of Music of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, shows Camargo performing dance steps while the music is reproduced.Wanessa - Amor, Amor. YouTube - Visitado em 24 de janeiro de 2016. In February 2006, "Não Resisto a Nós Dois" was released as the second track and repeated the success of its predecessor, debuting in the sixth position among the thirty most played in São Paulo in the week of March 22, 2006, the third with the highest execution in the state the following week.Conferir: * * The last single, Louca, was released in August of that year and was released only for radios. === W in Tour... Era Uma Vez === To promote W, Wanessa embarked on the W in Tour... Era Uma Vez. Directed by the actress Marília Pêra, the tour was inspired by Broadway musicals and told the story of Eva, a girl who dreams of being a singer, faces the jealousy of her ex-boyfriend and leaves everything to pursue her career. At the time, the singer commented on the tour, saying that "it's a show that worked well and very different from what the Brazilian public is accustomed to seeing." She also said in an interview with Terra that the tour "has many musical touches, unlike previous ones that showed a script with songs and choreography, this one brings a story". ==Track listing== ==Chart positions== Chart (2005) Position Brazil Top 20 6 ==Personnel== * Midas Studios (São Paulo, São Paulo) * Thelma's East (Nashville, Tennessee) * Miami Beat Studios (Miami, Florida) * Estúdios da Ludwig van (São Paulo) * Estúdios Mega (São Paulo) * The Living Room (Miami, Flórida) * J.R. Duran: photography * Daniela Conolly: artistic direction, graphic design * Sandro Mesquita: artistic coordination, image processing * Rodrigo Gunfeld: stylist * Ale de Souza: make up * Wanessa Camargo: composition, translation, lead vocalist, supporting vocalist, choir * César Lemos: composition, translation, lead vocalist, supporting vocalist, choir * Jason Deere: composition, production, synthesizers, bass, six string guitar, twelve string guitar, guitars, choir * Kyristin Osborn: composition * Trina Harmon: composition * Zé Henrique: composition * Sérgio Knust: composition * Karla Aponte: composition * Kenirik Korpi: composition * Mthias Johansson: composition * Gary Clark: composition * Apollo 9: Native Instruments, guitar, synthesizers, goland, GR-707, Hohner clavinet, NI Battery, mellotron, samplers, Kong Triton Extreme, Arp 2600 * Mello Jr: composition * DJ Zégon: production, beats * Andy Viccente: drums * Louis Richy: keyboards, loops * Silvio Richetto: vocal engineering, recording engineering, mixing engineering, mixing * Paisley van Patten: composition * Marcelão: composition * Carlos Colla: composition * Zezé di Camargo: composition * Claudia Brant: composition * Gabriel Flores: composition * Emanuel Olsson: composition * Jeanette Olsson: composition * Johan Gunnarsson: composition * Mikael Andersson: composition * Ove Andre Brenna: composition * Milton Guedes: composition, translation * Carlos Valentin: mixing assistance * Brendan Duffey (Brandão): mixing engineering, recording engineering * Iara Negrete: support vocalist * Lampadinha: recording engineering * Konstantine Leitvineco: cello * Ramón Calderas: percussion * David "O Marroquino" Corços: mixing * Lucas Mayer: guitars * José Nigro: bass * Tatá Squalla: guitars ==Release history== Region Date Format Label Brazil CD, Digital download Sony BMG France Digital download RCA Records Italy Spain ==References== Category:2005 albums Category:Wanessa Camargo albums Category:Albums produced by Jason Deere Category:Albums produced by Apollo 9 Category:Portuguese-language albums Category:RCA Records albums
W is the fifth studio album by Italian Eurodance project Whigfield which was performed by Danish-born Sannie Charlotte Carlson, released on 28 September 2012 by Italian label Off Limits. It is her first studio album in 10 years since her previous studio album 4 back in 2002. ==Track listing== ==Credits and personnel== *Larry Pignagnoli – producer, vocal producer *Luigi Barone – arrangement, performer, mixer, mastering *Sannie Carlson – vocal arrangement Credits adapted from album liner notes. ==References== ==External links== * Category:Whigfield albums Category:2012 albums
W was a Japanese duo formed in 2004 by Up-Front Promotion and associated with Hello! Project. The members consisted of Nozomi Tsuji and Ai Kago, former 4th generation members of the idol girl group Morning Musume. Tsuji and Kago had previously achieved fame through being in the group and the sub-group Mini- Moni. W's formation was announced at the same time as Tsuji and Kago's planned departure from Morning Musume. Prior to their official departure, they debuted with several cover versions of songs, including their debut single, "Koi no Vacance" (2004) and their first album, Duo U&U; (2004). After leaving Morning Musume, W released their first original song, "Aa Ii na!" (2004), followed by "Robo Kiss" (2004). In 2005, W starred in their first musical, Mysterious Girl Detectives Cara & Mel: The Case of the Stolen Dangerous Violin (2005). They reprised the roles of their characters with the release of "Miss Love Tantei" (2005). In 2006, W's activities were halted after Kago was suspended for underage smoking. W was scheduled to make a comeback in 2007, but after media reports of Kago dating and smoking again surfaced, her contracted was terminated and Up-Front Promotion announced that W had disbanded. In 2019, W briefly reunited to make a concert appearance celebrating Hello! Project's 20th anniversary, and their previously cancelled releases, "Dō ni mo Tomaranai" (2019) and W3: Faithful, were released in the same year. == History == === 2004: Formation and debut === In 2004, W's formation was announced not long after Nozomi Tsuji and Ai Kago's graduations from Morning Musume. Tsuji and Kago had previously worked together in one of Morning Musume's sub-units, Mini Moni, as a side project. Both members had been known as the "Twins" and had been some of Morning Musume's most popular members since joining the group at age 12. Tsunku, Hello! Project's producer, had selected the name "W" because the origin of the name meant "two Us" and "gave off the feeling of two You's", symbolizing Tsuji and Kago's dual nature. W released their debut three-song EP, Koi no Vacance, the title track being a cover version of The Peanuts' 1960 song. The EP was followed a few weeks later by their debut album as W, Duo U&U;, which contained covers of other Shōwa period female duo songs exclusively. One of the other groups covered by W on the first album was Pink Lady. Pink Lady were invited to perform with W on Japanese television as a one-time four-piece ensemble. Kago and Tsuji performed their graduation concert (final performance as members of Morning Musume) in August 2004; a week later, their second single "Aa Ii na!" was released. Not only was it the duo's first release since they departed Morning Musume, it was also the first W single to feature an original composition by Hello! Project founder and producer Tsunku. A third single of original material, "Robo Kiss", followed three months later. In December 2004, W joined their fellow Hello! Project members on the 2004 shuffle unit single "All for One and One for All", credited to the H.P. All Stars. W also began joining Morning Musume onstage at concerts during this period to perform Kago and Tsuji's final Morning Musume single, "Joshi Kashimashi Monogatari" together with their former bandmates. === 2005: Rise to popularity === W's second album, 2005's 2nd W, released in March 2005, contained Shōwa period J-pop cover songs as well as original songs. Afterwards, they released "Ai no Imi o Oshiete!" In the spring of 2005, W starred in their first stage musical, Cara & Mel: the Case of the Stolen Dangerous Violin, at Yokohama Blitz in Yokohama and Ikebukuro Sun Shine Theater in Ikebukuro, Tokyo, from March 18, 2005 to April 10, 2005. In September 2005 the duo released their 6th single "Miss Love Tantei". The video, which features Kago and Tsuji playing multiple roles, including a reprisal of their stage musical roles of Cara and Mel. In addition to their musical career, W continued to appear on Hello! Project's weekly TV show Hello! Morning, often in tandem with Morning Musume. === 2006-2007: Hiatus and disbandment === On January 11, 2006, the release of a new single, "Dō ni mo Tomaranai" on February 22, followed by their third full-length album, W3: Faithful on March 15, was announced. However, they were pushed back after photographs of Kago smoking underage were published in Friday in February 2006. Hello! Project issued a press statement saying that Kago and W's activities had been suspended indefinitely. Kago was put under house arrest for a year and was not allowed to contact Tsuji. In January 2007, Kago returned to Tokyo and did assorted clerical work at her agency's office while the company was making preparations for her comeback. Not long after, photographs of Kago smoking underage for a third time, as well as going on a "dirty weekend trip" to an with a 37-year-old man, began circulating in the media, completely tarnishing her reputation. Kago was dismissed from the company, and W disbanded as a result. === Post-W activities === Kago posted on her blog in 2014 that she and Tsuji were in contact again. In 2018, Tsuji and Kago were invited as guests at Hello! Project's 20th anniversary summer concert, leading to both their names trending on Twitter; they were scheduled to perform together, but Tsuji dropped out from maternity leave. In 2019, they were announced as performing guests at Hello! Project's spring concert and were releasing their previously cancelled works, "Do ni mo Tomaranai" and W3: Faithful, on March 30 as digital releases; "Do ni mo Tomaranai" would be bundled as a double A-side single with "Choi Waru Devil." At Hello! Project's spring concert, the two performed together in front of a crowd of 5,000 people for the first time in 13 years. == Discography == === Albums === ====Studio albums==== List of albums, with selected chart positions, sales figures and certifications Title Year Album details Peak chart positions Sales Certifications JPN Oricon JPN Hot Peak chart positions on the Billboard Japan Hot Albums: * W3: Faithful: Duo U&U; 2004 *Released: June 2, 2004 *Label: Zetima *Formats: CD 4 * JPN: 85,017 2nd W 2005 *Released: March 2, 2005 *Label: Zetima *Formats: CD 11 * JPN: 27,534 Choi Waru Devil 2019 *Released: March 30, 2019 *Label: Zetima *Formats: Digital download 4 21 "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. ====Video albums==== Title Details Peak chart positions Sales JPN W no Satsuei no Sekai vol. 1 *Released: October 14, 2004 *Label: Zetima *Formats: DVD -- -- "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. ===Singles=== Title Year Peak position Sales JPN "Koi no Vacance" 2004 10 39,226 "Aa Ii na!" 7 41,581 "Robo Kiss" 5 30,239 "Koi no Fuga" 2005 12 20,922 "Ai no Imi o Oshiete!" 11 21,408 "Miss Love Tantei" 10 39,226 2019 -- -- "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. ==Filmography== ===Television=== Year Title Role Network Notes 2004-2005 Hello! Morning Themselves TV Tokyo Morning Musume's variety show 2004-2005 Oha Suta Themselves; Cara and Mel TV Tokyo Appeared as Cara and Mel from January 11-September 8, 2005 ===Theatre=== Year Title Role Notes 2005 Cara and Mel ==Tours== ===Headlining=== * 2004 Summer First Concert Tour ~ W Standby! W & Berryz Kobo (2004) * 2005 Summer W & Berryz Kobo Concert Tour: High Score! (2005) ===Concert participation=== * Morning Musume Concert Tour 2004 Spring: The Best of Japan (2004) * Hello! Project 2004 Summer: Natsu no Dōn! (2004) * Hello! Project 2005 Winter: All Stars Dai Ranbu: A Happy New Power! Kei Yasuda Graduation Special (2005) * Hello! Pro Party! 2005: Aya Matsuura Captain Kōen (2005) * Hello! Project 20th Anniversary!! Hello! Project Hina Fes 2019 (2019) == Publications == * 20 January 2005 - 50W * U+U=W Essaybook ==Notes== == References == == External links == * W's profile on Hello! Project's official site (prior to disbandment) Category:Japanese girl groups Category:Japanese idol groups Category:Japanese pop music groups Category:Musical groups established in 2004 Category:Musical groups disestablished in 2006 Category:Hello! Project groups Category:Japanese musical duos Category:Musical groups from Tokyo
W is an American fashion magazine that features stories about style through the lens of culture, fashion, art, celebrity, and film. W was created in 1972 by James Brady, the publisher of the sister magazine Women's Wear Daily (WWD), originally as a biweekly newspaper spin-off from WWD. In 1993, W was launched as an oversized fashion magazine, issued monthly. In 2000, Conde Nast purchased W from the original owner, Fairchild Publications. The magazine was still presented in an oversized format - 10 inches wide and 13 inches tall. Sara Moonves was editor-in-chief when the final print issue was published in March 2020. W was relaunched as an online fashion magazine. W had a reader base of nearly half a million, 469,000 of which are annual subscribers. ==Publication history== ===Early years, 1972–1999=== Its origins stem from a biweekly newspaper that was spun off from Women's Wear Daily,Richard Sandomir (28 February 2019), Patrick McCarthy Dies at 67; Ran a Fashion Publishing Empire New York Times. W became an oversized monthly magazine published by Fairchild Fashion Media in 1993. When Fairchilds' owner – Capital Cities/ABC – merged with The Walt Disney Company in 1997, W was one of the publications the new company continued with.Farrell Kramer (7 February 1997), Disney to keep W magazine parent Fairchild Publications Associated Press. ===Condé Nast, 1999–2019=== In 1999, Condé Nast bought W from the Walt Disney Company,Marc Tracy (25 June 2019), Condé Nast Sells W Magazine; Stefano Tonchi Out as Top Editor New York Times. as the centerpiece of a $650 million deal that also included WWD, Jane and a number of other retail trade titles.Jacob Bernstein (25 March 2020), W Magazine Goes on Hiatus, Furloughs Much of Its Staff New York Times. Often the subject of controversy, W subsequently featured stories and covers which provoked mixed responses from its intended audience; most of Ws most memorable covers are featured on the W Classics page of the magazine's website. In July 2005, W produced a 60-page Steven Klein portfolio of Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt entitled "Domestic Bliss". The shoot was based upon Pitt's idea of the irony of the perfect American family; set in 1963, the photographs mirror the era when 1960s disillusionment was boiling under the facade of pristine 1950s suburbia. Other controversial cover shoots include Steven Meisel's entitled "Asexual Revolution", in which male and female models (including Jessica Stam and Karen Elson) are depicted in gender-bending styles and provocative poses. In addition, Tom Ford's racy shoot with Klein and the accompanying article on sexuality in fashion came as a shock to some loyal readers. During the interview, Ford is quoted as saying: "I've always been about pansexuality. Whether I'm sleeping with girls or not at this point in my life, the clothes have often been androgynous, which is very much my standard of beauty". Klein was also the photographer for the racy photo shoot featured in the August 2007 issue, showcasing David and Victoria Beckham. Bruce Weber produced a 60-page tribute to New Orleans in the April 2008 issue, and shot a 36-page story on the newest fashion designers in Miami for the July 2008 issue. W also became well known for covering high class Western and Asian societies. Many of these society luminaries, as well as the elite of the entertainment and fashion industries, have allowed W into their homes for the magazine's "W House Tours" feature, including famous designers, philanthropists, and cultural icons. By 2009, W was harder hit than most fashion publications by a drop in luxury advertising, with ad pages down nearly 46 percent in one year.Holly Ware (18 March 2010), W’s editor resigns as Condé revamps mag New York Post. Longtime editor in chief Patrick McCarthy retired in 2010 when Condé Nast moved W to its consumer magazine group, along with Vogue, Glamour and Allure.Richard Sandomir (28 February 2019), Patrick McCarthy Dies at 67; Ran a Fashion Publishing Empire New York Times. Stefano Tonchi succeeded him as the magazine's editor in chief.Stephanie Clifford (23 March 2010), A Times Editor Is Named to Lead W for Condé Nast New York Times. In 2011, Edward Enninful was tapped to take the magazine's style directorship. Under Enninful's direction, W generated considerable attention for its riskier editorial, including the March 2012 cover shot by Steven Klein featuring Kate Moss depicted as a nun as well as another cover featuring singer Nicki Minaj dolled up as an 18th-century French courtesan. For the magazine's November 2011 art issue, Enninful collaborated with Steven Meisel on a series of fake advertisements that ran throughout the magazine, including one that featured RuPaul's Drag Race Season 3 contestant Carmen Carrera hawking a fictitious fragrance called La Femme. In 2011, W participated in a four-episode plot line on the fourth season of CW teen drama Gossip Girl.Kat Stoeffel (15 February 2011), Does W Have a Carine Roitfeld Problem? Observer. Over the years, the magazine cut back its print editions from monthly in 2013 to eight times in 2018.Keith J. Kelly (25 June 2019), Condé Nast sells W Magazine; Sara Moonves named editor-in-chief New York Post. ===Future Media, 2019–2020=== In 2018, W became one of three publications Condé Nast put up for sale in the face of significant financial losses that forced it to adopt a series of cost-cutting measures. By 2019, it was acquired by Future Media, in a deal the New York Post estimated at $7 million.Keith J. Kelly (23 May 2019), Condé Nast nearing $7M sale of W Magazine New York Post.Jacob Bernstein (13 August 2020), W Magazine Will Live Another Day, in Deal With Bustle Digital Group New York Times. In June 2019, Moonves was named as its first-ever female editor-in- chief, succeeding Stefano Tonchi.Marc Tracy (25 June 2019), Condé Nast Sells W Magazine; Stefano Tonchi Out as Top Editor New York Times. Under Moonves's editorship, the magazine underwent a major transition. By 2020, she announced to staff that many were being furloughed and that those who work on online content would be staying on at reduced salaries.Jacob Bernstein (25 March 2020), W Magazine Goes on Hiatus, Furloughs Much of Its Staff New York Times. The new W team finished the biggest Best Performances issue ever. In the first week of January 2020, W launched nine covers, a 76-page celebrity portfolio covering 29 celebrities and 20 videos. Additionally, the magazine launched a series of new initiatives and dramatically expanded its digital footprint. They launched W’s first podcast, 5 Things with Lynn Hirschberg, which attracted a broad listener base and included guests like Quentin Tarantino, Charlize Theron, Saoirse Ronan, Greta Gerwig, Noah Baumbach, Nicole Kidman, Awkwafina, and Margot Robbie as a part of the new vision for the brand. ===W Media, 2020–present=== On August 14, 2020, W was acquired by Bustle Digital Group, Mic,Jacob Bernstein (13 August 2020), W Magazine Will Live Another Day, in Deal With Bustle Digital Group New York Times. and W Media, a newly formed joint venture led by Karlie Kloss and including Aryeh Bourkoff, Jason Blum, Kaia Gerber, Kirsten Green and Lewis Hamilton.Todd Spangler (14 August 2020), Karlie Kloss Leads Buyout of W Magazine, With Jason Blum Among New Owners Variety. They retained Moonves as editor-in-chief. ==International editions== An international edition was previously published in Japan. The South Korean edition was launched in 2005 and is published under license by Doosan Magazine, which is one of the top most popular magazine in South Korea. ==See also== *List of W cover models *List of W Korea cover models ==References== ==External links== * Official website * Category:Condé Nast magazines Category:Defunct women's magazines published in the United States Category:Fashion magazines published in the United States Category:Magazines disestablished in 2020 Category:Magazines established in 1971 Category:Magazines published in New York City Category:Monthly magazines published in the United States Category:Online magazines published in the United States Category:Online magazines with defunct print editions Category:Women's fashion magazines
W 101 may refer to: *101st meridian west, a line of latitude 101° west of the Mediterranean Sea *, a dredger hopper ship in service 1944-47
W 31 or W31 may refer to: * W31, an American nuclear warhead * Mercedes-Benz W31, a German off-road vehicle * , a British dredger hopper barge * Westerhout 31, an H II region in the Milky Way
W 63 minuty dookoła świata (Polish: Around the world in 63 minutes) is the second studio album by Polish hip-hop group Kaliber 44 released March 2, 1998 on S.P. Records. On November 25, 1998 the album went gold according to ZPAV. In Poland the album got the Fryderyk award for best hip-hop album of the year. The hip-hop group members include Joka and Abradab, Magik and DJ Feel X. == Track list == # "Suczka" (Bitch) # "Gruby czarny kot on przebiegł nam drogę, a chuj mu w dupę nawet w 13 piątek" (A Black Fat Cat, He Crossed Our Way, And Fuck Him In the Ass Even on Friday the 13th) # "Kontem O.K." (Corner of the Eye) (wordplay on the pronunciation word O.K. and Polish word "oko" meaning eye) # "Film" (The Trip) # "Pierwszy Kot" (The First Cat) # "Dziedzina" (The Branch) # "C.Z.K." (M.o.S.) (Short for "Man of Stone") # "DJ Feel-X" # "Dziękuję Moim MC" (I Thank My MCs) # "Może Tak, Może Nie - Kobi RMX" (Maybe So, Maybe Not - Kobi RMX) # "Międzymiastowa" (Intercity Call) # "Intro Dab" # "Abradababra" (wordplay on the rapper name Abradab and the word Abracadabra) # "Psy" (Dogs) # "Drugi Kot" (The Second Cat) # "Może Tak, Może Nie" (Maybe So, Maybe not) # "Jeszcze Więcej MC" (Even More MCs) # "0:22" == References == Category:Polish-language albums Category:1998 albums Category:Kaliber 44 albums
W Abu Dhabi - Yas Island, formerly the Yas Hotel and Yas Viceroy Hotel Abu Dhabi, is a five-star hotel famous for being built above and across the F1 Yas Marina Circuit on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates. It is known as one of the icons of Abu Dhabi and has a futuristic design. ==Design== The hotel is located within the Yas Marina Circuit, Abu Dhabi. The building, designed by Hani Rashid and Lise Anne Couture, principals of New York based Asymptote Architecture, consists of two 12 storey hotel towers, one set within the race circuit and another placed in the Marina itself, linked together by a monocoque steel and glass bridge and Grid Shell structure that both cross above and over the Yas Marina Circuit F1 race track.The big picture: The Yas Hotel, Abu Dhabi Business Traveller, 15 September 2009 Asymptote designed the building as an architectural landmark that embodies key influences and local as well as global inspirations that range from the aesthetics and forms associated with speed and spectacle to the artistry and geometries that form the basis of ancient Islamic art and craft traditions. Of architectural and engineering significance is the main feature of the hotelʼs design: a 217-meter expanse of sweeping, curvilinear glass and steel facade known as the Grid Shell: it features an LED lighting system that illuminates all 5,389 glass elements individually, with an integrated control system that updates color and brightness of each glass pane 20 times per second. The Grid Shell is a key feature of the overall architectural design and significance of the project. It creates an atmospheric-like veil that is visible from miles away. The hotel was designed by Asymptote to become a significant and important landmark for Abu Dhabi. For the dynamic facade lighting design, the architects collaborated with Rogier van der Heide and his team at Arup Lighting. The lighting design was recognized with an AL Lighting Design Award for Outstanding Achievement and a "Highly Commended" Middle East Lighting Design Award, as well as a special "Citation for Achievement in Technical Artistry at the 2010 IES Lumen Awards Ceremony in New York City. > "The hotel embodies various key influences and inspirations ranging from the > aesthetics and forms associated with speed, movement and spectacle to the > artistry and geometries forming the basis of ancient Islamic art and craft > traditions, a perfect union and harmonious interplay between elegance and > spectacle. The search here was inspired by what one could call the 'art' and > poetics of motor racing, specifically Formula 1, coupled with the making of > a place that celebrates Abu Dhabi as a cultural and technological tour de > force.” ==Construction== The 499-room, 85,000-square-meter structure was built by Al Futtaim Carillion for Aldar Properties with construction starting in 2007. The feature façade, formed of a steel and glass reptile-like gridshell, was designed and built by Austrian specialist contractor Waagner Biro. It opened on 1 November 2009 to coincide with the Formula 1 Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi Grand Prix.The right formula: Abu Dhabi's Yas Hotel Building, 30 October 2009 == See also == * Ferrari World * Al Reem Island * Saadiyat Island ==References== ==External links== * Official homepage * Official site of the island Category:Hotel buildings completed in 2009 Category:Hotels in Abu Dhabi Category:Hotels established in 2009 Category:2009 establishments in the United Arab Emirates
thumb|W Amman undergoing construction in the Abdali district, 2015 W Amman is a tall five–star hotel in the New Abdali district in Amman, Jordan. W Amman was opened in April 2018 and is franchised to Eagle Hills Properties, an Abu Dhabi, UAE-based real estate development firm. It features a design that was inspired by the city of Petra and has 280 rooms and 44 suites as of September 2020. ==Development== A franchise deal with real estate developer Saraya Holdings was announced in late 2007. In December 2012, Saraya Holdings commissioned Dubai Contracting Company to build a mixed use tower in Abdali. The design, put forward by architecture firm Perkins & Will was inspired by the rock formations of the Nabatean city of Petra. The $200 million project includes an eight-level podium containing high end retail units, office space, of meeting space, restaurants, a lounge, a poolside bar, a full-service exclusive spa, a fitness center, a health club, a sauna, and a steam room. ==The Skyline Residences== The top six floors of the W Amman tower contain 41 residential units, branded as The Skyline Residences. Handover of the serviced apartments to buyers began in fall 2017. ==References== Category:Hotels in Amman Category:W Hotels
W Andromedae is a variable star in the constellation of Andromeda. It is classified as a Mira variable and S-type star, and varies from an apparent visual magnitude of 14.6 at minimum brightness to a magnitude of 6.7 at maximum brightness, with a period of approximately 397.3 days. The star is losing mass due to stellar winds at a rate of 2.79 /yr. ==References== Category:Mira variables Category:Andromeda (constellation) Category:M-type giants Andromedae, W Category:Durchmusterung objects 014028 010687 0663 Category:S-type stars Category:Emission-line stars
W Aquilae (W Aql) is a variable star in the constellation of Aquila. It is a type of evolved star known as an S-type star. Due to its relatively close distance of 1,200 light-years (370 pc) and equatorial location, it is easy to observe and heavily studied. ==Description== W Aquilae is an S-type star with a spectral type of S3,9e to S6,9e, a red giant similar to M-type stars, but in which the dominant spectrum oxides are formed by metals of the fifth period of the periodic table. W Aquilae is also rich in the element technetium. Another feature of this class of stars is the stellar mass loss, in the case of W Aquilae is estimated at solar masses per year. Its effective temperature varies between 2,300 and 3,000 K and its diameter between 400 and 480 solar radii. It is also a very luminous star, 7,500 times more than the sun. ==Variability== W Aquilae is a variable whose brightness oscillates between magnitude +7.3 and +14.3 over a period of 490.43 days. In Mira variables (which are named after Mira, the prototype), this instability comes from pulsation in the stellar surface, causing changes in color and brightness. W Aquilae, a Mira variable, shows silicon monoxide maser emission. ==Companion== A magnitude 14.8 companion has been detected 0.47" SW of W Aquilae. This is fainter than W Aquilae at minimum and corresponds to an absolute magnitude of +7.1. Although that absolute magnitude would correspond to a K4 main sequence star, a spectrum was classified as F5 or F8. The separation between the two stars is 160 AU. ==Planet X== A 2014 study of W Aquilae and α Centauri with the ALMA array claimed to have accidentally detected a previously-unknown Solar System object. This received widespread press coverage as a potential discovery of planet X. The paper was withdrawn without being accepted for peer-reviewed publication. ==References== Category:S-type stars Category:Mira variables Category:Aquila (constellation) Aquilae, W J19152335-0702503 Category:IRAS catalogue objects Category:Binary stars Category:F-type main- sequence stars Category:Emission-line stars
W Architecture & Landscape Architecture (W Architecture) is an international architecture and landscape architecture firm based in Brooklyn, New York City. Founded in 1999 by Barbara E. Wilks, the firm is primarily known for its design of major waterfront reclamation projects and collaborative repurposing of public spaces. W Architecture has received substantial coverage in the media for the Edge Park in Williamsburg, Brooklyn; a redesign of the West Harlem waterfront; restoration of St. Patrick's Island in Calgary; and the recent Plaza 33 Madison Square Garden adjacency. == History == W Architecture & Landscape Architecture was formed as a Limited Liability Corporation in 1999 by Barbara E. Wilks, who remains founder and principal of the firm. Wilks, a fellow in both the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) and the American Society of Landscape Architects (FASLA), claims to have started the company "to create a design-oriented, multidisciplinary practice focused on urban issues," and to "realign nature and the city. In recent years, W Architecture's projects have increasingly moved toward larger collaborations spanning multiple municipal agencies such as NYCEDC and other neighborhood revitalization organizations or economic development councils. == Philosophy == In the 2015 Now Urbanism: The Future City is Here W Architecture is described as being part of a "new kind of urban activism and urban design," willing to "stimulate social action for sustainable urban design and therefore cooler cities." The firm's site plans display a preference for the reintroduction of natural ecological systems rather than ad hoc botanical features. The designs tend to emphasize the resiliency of local flora previously displaced by manmade, commercial manipulation of municipal waterways. Consistent characteristics throughout the firm's portfolio are the utilization of reclaimed local materials, streets and walks that turn into greenways, sloped planes, as well as long angular overlays and subtle dimensional transitioning to introduce water, botanical, and recreational features. Not all the firm's projects are waterfront revitalizations, however, Wilks said, speaking at the 2013 reSITE conference in Prague, she enjoys this kind of work because it's "where natural systems come together with manmade, human systems." Wilks has also integrated a research component into the firm's projects regarding the advantages of bringing back wetland areas to the New York City coastline. She has advocated for the reintroduction of these areas as a means to buffer storm surge, especially after damages caused by Hurricane Sandy, and to increase access to waterfront areas for people and animals. == Notable Projects == === The Edge Park in Williamsburg === New zoning laws passed in accordance with Bloomberg's claiming of the river as "the sixth borough" opened the way for multiple waterfront parks in New York City, such as The Edge Park in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Anticipating an increase in density and need for waterfront access, the park was deemed a mixed-use site along the East River and completed in March 2011. According to Wilks, the park allows "the city grid and the river's ecosystem to converge, mingle, and clash..." To this end, W Architecture utilized several of its signature elements, including: a street that becomes a pedestrian greenway; deep pier structures that make the area seem more like land than traditional piers; a garage area covered by a sloping lawn; and stone that allows for rising and falling waterlines. === St. Patrick's Island === A restoration of the previously existing island park in the Bow River between the East Village and Bridgeland, in Calgary, Alberta, St. Patrick's Island was a collaborative project by W Architecture and Denver-based Civitas. Though already established as a park in the late 19th century, the island had been degrading and was seen by the city as an underused area that had fallen into disrepair. In 2010 Calgary Municipal Land Corporation began an effort to re-establish the park to its current usable area of 31 hectares. Completed in July 2015, the park now features a number of elements that have both made it more usable to the public and have restored its channels and biodiversity. Features include: a "seasonal breach" for wading onto a gravel bar; a sloped grassy knoll which serves as s viewing area for movies, performances, and sledding in the winter; a riparian wetland with a boardwalk across it; an amphitheater and water features; and a 23-meter sculpture entitled "Bloom." === West Harlem Piers Park === As a major early component of a larger waterfront master plan undertaken for West Harlem, West Harlem Piers Park was completed in the Fall of 2008. The result of efforts by 40 neighborhood groups and coalitions, the park linked the coastline between Riverside Park and Riverbank State Park. As master planners for the project, W Architecture converted a narrow strip of land, essentially a 69,000 sq. ft. parking lot that cut off the community of West Harlem from the waterfront, into a 105,526 sq. ft. park. It features granite benches, sloped lawn areas, repurposed cobblestone in paved areas, and various water access features for kayaking, fishing, and general recreation. As a result of the design, a substantial increase in land permeability was achieved and accommodations for fluctuating runoff and storm surges have allowed the park to sustain dramatic weather events since its completion. == Portfolio == * Tide Point * Plaza 33 * St. Petersburg Pier Approach * The Bentalou Library * Troy Riverfront Park * Cornell University College of Human Ecology * Doma Gallery * King Abdullah Financial District * Sheikh Rashid Bin Saeed Crossing * Tyson's Corner Master Plan * USS Constellation * Villahermosa ==Awards== === St. Patrick’s Island === * 2016 National Urban Design Awards; St. Patrick’s Island * Urban Design Catalyst Calgary 2016; Mayor’s Award; St. Patrick’s Island * Canadian Society of Landscape Architects 2015; Regional Merit Award; St. Patrick’s Island * ASLA Denver 2015 Honor Award; St. Patrick’s Island * AIA NY 2014 Design Award; St. Patrick’s Island === West Harlem Piers Park === * AIA 2005 National Honor Award for Regional and Urban Design * Beverly Willis Foundation 2015 Built by Women NYC Award; West Harlem Piers Park * MASterworks Awards 2010; Neighborhood Catalyst, West Harlem Piers Park * ASLA NY 2009 Honor Award; West Harlem Piers Park * The Waterfront Center 2009; Honor Award; West Harlem Piers Park === The Edge Park === * ASLA NY 2012 Merit Award; The Edge Park === Plaza 33 === * ASLA-NY 2016 Design Awards; Plaza 33 * AIA NY 2016 Design Award; Plaza 33 * AIA NYS 2016 Honor Award * ASLA NY 2016 Honor Award ===DoMa Gallery=== * AIA 2004 National Honor Award * AIA NYS 2003 Award of Excellence === Cornell University, Human Ecology Building === * AIA NY 2012 Merit Award; Cornell University, Human Ecology Building ===Tide Point=== * ASLA 2003 National Design Merit Award ==Sources== *Wilks, Barbara, Eric Sanderson, and Michael Sorkin (2013). Structuring Confluence: The Work of W Architecture & Landscape Architecture. ORO Editions. == References == == External links == *Official Website *reSITE 2013 Interview with Barbara Wilks *Barbara Wilks and Johannes Feder On West Harlem Piers at The Architectural League *"Reclaiming Waterfronts" Lecture Category:Landscape architecture