# Let's modify the code to allow the finalfield and field functions to accept the same parameters as dataclasses.field class AbstractFieldValue: def __init__(self): raise TypeError("Abstract field must be overridden in subclass") import dataclasses class FinalField: def __init__(self, *, default=dataclasses.MISSING, default_factory=dataclasses.MISSING, init=True, repr=True, hash=None, compare=True, metadata=None): self.field = dataclasses.field(default=default, default_factory=default_factory, init=init, repr=repr, hash=hash, compare=compare, metadata=metadata) def abstractfield(): return dataclasses.field(default_factory=AbstractFieldValue) def finalfield(*, default=dataclasses.MISSING, default_factory=dataclasses.MISSING, init=True, repr=True, hash=None, compare=True, metadata=None): return FinalField(default=default, default_factory=default_factory, init=init, repr=repr, hash=hash, compare=compare, metadata=metadata) def field(*, default=dataclasses.MISSING, default_factory=dataclasses.MISSING, init=True, repr=True, hash=None, compare=True, metadata=None): return dataclasses.field(default=default, default_factory=default_factory, init=init, repr=repr, hash=hash, compare=compare, metadata=metadata) class DataclassMeta(type): def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs): attrs['__finalfields__'] = attrs.get('__finalfields__', []) for base in bases: if issubclass(base, Dataclass) and hasattr(base, '__finalfields__'): for field in base.__finalfields__: if field in attrs: raise TypeError(f"Final field '{field}' cannot be overridden in subclass") attrs['__finalfields__'].append(field) for attr_name, attr_value in list(attrs.items()): if isinstance(attr_value, FinalField): attrs[attr_name] = attr_value.field # Replace the final field marker with the actual field attrs['__finalfields__'].append(attr_name) new_class = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs) new_class = dataclasses.dataclass(new_class) return new_class class Dataclass(metaclass=DataclassMeta): pass if __name__ == '__main__': # Test classes class GrandparentClass(Dataclass): abstract_field: int = abstractfield() final_field: str = finalfield(default_factory=lambda: 'Hello') class ParentClass(GrandparentClass): pass try: class CorrectChildClass(ParentClass): abstract_field: int = 1 # This correctly overrides the abstract field correct_child_class_instance = CorrectChildClass() print(f'CorrectChildClass instance: {correct_child_class_instance} - passed') except Exception as e: print(f'CorrectChildClass: {str(e)} - failed') try: class IncorrectChildClass1(ParentClass): pass # This fails to override the abstract field print(f'IncorrectChildClass1: {IncorrectChildClass1} - passed') except Exception as e: print(f'IncorrectChildClass1: {str(e)} - failed') try: incorrect_child_class1_instance = IncorrectChildClass1() print(f'IncorrectChildClass1 instance: {incorrect_child_class1_instance} - failed') except Exception as e: print(f'IncorrectChildClass1 instantiation: {str(e)} - passed') # Testing the final field functionality try: class IncorrectChildClass2(ParentClass): final_field: str = 'Hello' # This attempts to override the final field print(f'IncorrectChildClass2: {IncorrectChildClass2} - failed') except Exception as e: print(f'IncorrectChildClass2: {str(e)} - passed')