diff --git a/data/empty.txt b/data/empty.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8b137891791fe96927ad78e64b0aad7bded08bdc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/empty.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + diff --git a/data/hlm-ch1-en.txt b/data/hlm-ch1-en.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b7bb21f09cf80b87d5f4f922f069137eec2993c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/hlm-ch1-en.txt @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + +CHAPTER I. Page 1 + +Chen Shih-yin, in a vision, apprehends perception and spirituality. Chia Yue-ts'un, in the (windy and dusty) world, cherishes fond thoughts of a beautiful maiden. +This is the opening section; this the first chapter. Subsequent to the visions of a dream which he had, on some previous occasion, experienced, the writer personally relates, he designedly concealed the true circumstances, and borrowed the attributes of perception and spirituality to relate this story of the Record of the Stone. With this purpose, he made use of such designations as Chen Shih-yin (truth under the garb of fiction) and the like. What are, however, the events recorded in this work? Who are the dramatis personae? +Wearied with the drudgery experienced of late in the world, the author speaking for himself, goes on to explain, with the lack of success which attended every single concern, I suddenly bethought myself of the womankind of past ages. Passing one by one under a minute scrutiny, I felt that in action and in lore, one and all were far above me; that in spite of the majesty of my manliness, I could not, in point of fact, compare with these characters of the gentle sex. And my shame forsooth then knew no bounds; while regret, on the other hand, was of no avail, as there was not even a remote possibility of a day of remedy. +On this very day it was that I became desirous to compile, in a connected form, for publication throughout the world, with a view to (universal) information, how that I bear inexorable and manifold retribution; inasmuch as what time, by the sustenance of the benevolence of Heaven, and the virtue of my ancestors, my apparel was rich and fine, and as what days my fare was savory and sumptuous, I disregarded the bounty of education and nurture of father and mother, and paid no heed to the virtue of precept and injunction of teachers and friends, with the result that I incurred the punishment, of failure recently in the least trifle, and the reckless waste of half my lifetime. There have been meanwhile, generation after generation, those in the inner chambers, the whole mass of whom could not, on any account, be, through my influence, allowed to fall into extinction, in order that I, unfilial as I have been, may have the means to screen my own shortcomings. +Hence it is that the thatched shed, with bamboo mat windows, the bed of tow and the stove of brick, which are at present my share, are not sufficient to deter me from carrying out the fixed purpose of my mind. And could I, furthermore, confront the morning breeze, the evening moon, the willows by the steps and the flowers in the courtyard, methinks these would moisten to a greater degree my mortal pen with ink; but though I lack culture and erudition, what harm is there, however, in employing fiction and unrecondite language to give utterance to the merits of these characters? And were I also able to induce the inmates of the inner chamber to understand and diffuse them, could I besides break the weariness of even so much as a single moment, or could I open the eyes of my contemporaries, will it not forsooth prove a boon? +This consideration has led to the usage of such names as Chia Yue-ts'un and other similar appellations. +More than any in these pages have been employed such words as dreams and visions; but these dreams constitute the main argument of this work, and combine, furthermore, the design of giving a word of warning to my readers. +Reader, can you suggest whence the story begins? +The narration may border on the limits of incoherency and triviality, but it possesses considerable zest. But to begin. +The Empress Nue Wo, (the goddess of works,) in fashioning blocks of stones, for the repair of the heavens, prepared, at the Ta Huang Hills and Wu Ch'i cave, 36,501 blocks of rough stone, each twelve chang in height, and twenty-four chang square. Of these stones, the Empress Wo only used 36,500; so that one single block remained over and above, without being turned to any account. This was cast down the Ch'ing Keng peak. This stone, strange to say, after having undergone a process of refinement, attained a nature of efficiency, and could, by its innate powers, set itself into motion and was able to expand and to contract. +When it became aware that the whole number of blocks had been made use of to repair the heavens, that it alone had been destitute of the necessary properties and had been unfit to attain selection, it forthwith felt within itself vexation and shame, and day and night, it gave way to anguish and sorrow. +One day, while it lamented its lot, it suddenly caught sight, at a great distance, of a Buddhist bonze and of a Taoist priest coming towards that direction. Their appearance was uncommon, their easy manner remarkable. When they drew near this Ch'ing Keng peak, they sat on the ground to rest, and began to converse. But on noticing the block newly-polished and brilliantly clear, which had moreover contracted in dimensions, and become no larger than the pendant of a fan, they were greatly filled with admiration. The Buddhist priest picked it up, and laid it in the palm of his hand. +"Your appearance," he said laughingly, "may well declare you to be a supernatural object, but as you lack any inherent quality it is necessary to inscribe a few characters on you, so that every one who shall see you may at once recognise you to be a remarkable thing. And subsequently, when you will be taken into a country where honour and affluence will reign, into a family cultured in mind and of official status, in a land where flowers and trees shall flourish with luxuriance, in a town of refinement, renown and glory; when you once will have been there..." +The stone listened with intense delight. +"What characters may I ask," it consequently inquired, "will you inscribe? and what place will I be taken to? pray, pray explain to me in lucid terms." "You mustn't be inquisitive," the bonze replied, with a smile, "in days to come you'll certainly understand everything." Having concluded these words, he forthwith put the stone in his sleeve, and proceeded leisurely on his journey, in company with the Taoist priest. Whither, however, he took the stone, is not divulged. Nor can it be known how many centuries and ages elapsed, before a Taoist priest, K'ung K'ung by name, passed, during his researches after the eternal reason and his quest after immortality, by these Ta Huang Hills, Wu Ch'i cave and Ch'ing Keng Peak. Suddenly perceiving a large block of stone, on the surface of which the traces of characters giving, in a connected form, the various incidents of its fate, could be clearly deciphered, K'ung K'ung examined them from first to last. They, in fact, explained how that this block of worthless stone had originally been devoid of the properties essential for the repairs to the heavens, how it would be transmuted into human form and introduced by Mang Mang the High Lord, and Miao Miao, the Divine, into the world of mortals, and how it would be led over the other bank (across the San Sara). On the surface, the record of the spot where it would fall, the place of its birth, as well as various family trifles and trivial love affairs of young ladies, verses, odes, speeches and enigmas was still complete; but the name of the dynasty and the year of the reign were obliterated, and could not be ascertained. +On the obverse, were also the following enigmatical verses: +Lacking in virtues meet the azure skies to mend, In vain the mortal world full many a year I wend, Of a former and after life these facts that be, Who will for a tradition strange record for me? +K'ung K'ung, the Taoist, having pondered over these lines for a while, became aware that this stone had a history of some kind. +"Brother stone," he forthwith said, addressing the stone, "the concerns of past days recorded on you possess, according to your own account, a considerable amount of interest, and have been for this reason inscribed, with the intent of soliciting generations to hand them down as remarkable occurrences. But in my own opinion, they lack, in the first place, any data by means of which to establish the name of the Emperor and the year of his reign; and, in the second place, these constitute no record of any excellent policy, adopted by any high worthies or high loyal statesmen, in the government of the state, or in the rule of public morals. The contents simply treat of a certain number of maidens, of exceptional character; either of their love affairs or infatuations, or of their small deserts or insignificant talents; and were I to transcribe the whole collection of them, they would, nevertheless, not be estimated as a book of any exceptional worth." +"Sir Priest," the stone replied with assurance, "why are you so excessively dull? The dynasties recorded in the rustic histories, which have been written from age to age, have, I am fain to think, invariably assumed, under false pretences, the mere nomenclature of the Han and T'ang dynasties. They differ from the events inscribed on my block, which do not borrow this customary practice, but, being based on my own experiences and natural feelings, present, on the contrary, a novel and unique character. Besides, in the pages of these rustic histories, either the aspersions upon sovereigns and statesmen, or the strictures upon individuals, their wives, and their daughters, or the deeds of licentiousness and violence are too numerous to be computed. Indeed, there is one more kind of loose literature, the wantonness and pollution in which work most easy havoc upon youth. +"As regards the works, in which the characters of scholars and beauties is delineated their allusions are again repeatedly of Wen Chuen, their theme in every page of Tzu Chien; a thousand volumes present no diversity; and a thousand characters are but a counterpart of each other. What is more, these works, throughout all their pages, cannot help bordering on extreme licence. The authors, however, had no other object in view than to give utterance to a few sentimental odes and elegant ballads of their own, and for this reason they have fictitiously invented the names and surnames of both men and women, and necessarily introduced, in addition, some low characters, who should, like a buffoon in a play, create some excitement in the plot. +"Still more loathsome is a kind of pedantic and profligate literature, perfectly devoid of all natural sentiment, full of self-contradictions; and, in fact, the contrast to those maidens in my work, whom I have, during half my lifetime, seen with my own eyes and heard with my own ears. And though I will not presume to estimate them as superior to the heroes and heroines in the works of former ages, yet the perusal of the motives and issues of their experiences, may likewise afford matter sufficient to banish dulness, and to break the spell of melancholy. +"As regards the several stanzas of doggerel verse, they may too evoke such laughter as to compel the reader to blurt out the rice, and to spurt out the wine. +"In these pages, the scenes depicting the anguish of separation, the bliss of reunion, and the fortunes of prosperity and of adversity are all, in every detail, true to human nature, and I have not taken upon myself to make the slightest addition, or alteration, which might lead to the perversion of the truth. +"My only object has been that men may, after a drinking bout, or after they wake from sleep or when in need of relaxation from the pressure of business, take up this light literature, and not only expunge the traces of antiquated books, and obtain a new kind of distraction, but that they may also lay by a long life as well as energy and strength; for it bears no point of similarity to those works, whose designs are false, whose course is immoral. Now, Sir Priest, what are your views on the subject?" +K'ung K'ung having pondered for a while over the words, to which he had listened intently, re-perused, throughout, this record of the stone; and finding that the general purport consisted of nought else than a treatise on love, and likewise of an accurate transcription of facts, without the least taint of profligacy injurious to the times, he thereupon copied the contents, from beginning to end, to the intent of charging the world to hand them down as a strange story. +Hence it was that K'ung K'ung, the Taoist, in consequence of his perception, (in his state of) abstraction, of passion, the generation, from this passion, of voluptuousness, the transmission of this voluptuousness into passion, and the apprehension, by means of passion, of its unreality, forthwith altered his name for that of "Ch'ing Tseng" (the Voluptuous Bonze), and changed the title of "the Memoir of a Stone" (Shih-t'ou-chi,) for that of "Ch'ing Tseng Lu," The Record of the Voluptuous Bonze; while K'ung Mei-chi of Tung Lu gave it the name of "Feng Yueeh Pao Chien," "The Precious Mirror of Voluptuousness." In later years, owing to the devotion by Tsao Hsueeh-ch'in in the Tao Hung study, of ten years to the perusal and revision of the work, the additions and modifications effected by him five times, the affix of an index and the division into periods and chapters, the book was again entitled "Chin Ling Shih Erh Ch'ai," "The Twelve Maidens of Chin Ling." A stanza was furthermore composed for the purpose. This then, and no other, is the origin of the Record of the Stone. The poet says appositely:-- +Pages full of silly litter, Tears a handful sour and bitter; All a fool the author hold, But their zest who can unfold? +You have now understood the causes which brought about the Record of the Stone, but as you are not, as yet, aware what characters are depicted, and what circumstances are related on the surface of the block, reader, please lend an ear to the narrative on the stone, which runs as follows:-- +In old days, the land in the South East lay low. In this South-East part of the world, was situated a walled town, Ku Su by name. Within the walls a locality, called the Ch'ang Men, was more than all others throughout the mortal world, the centre, which held the second, if not the first place for fashion and life. Beyond this Ch'ang Men was a street called Shih-li-chieh (Ten _Li_ street); in this street a lane, the Jen Ch'ing lane (Humanity and Purity); and in this lane stood an old temple, which on account of its diminutive dimensions, was called, by general consent, the Gourd temple. Next door to this temple lived the family of a district official, Chen by surname, Fei by name, and Shih-yin by style. His wife, nee Feng, possessed a worthy and virtuous disposition, and had a clear perception of moral propriety and good conduct. This family, though not in actual possession of excessive affluence and honours, was, nevertheless, in their district, conceded to be a clan of well-to-do standing. As this Chen Shih-yin was of a contented and unambitious frame of mind, and entertained no hankering after any official distinction, but day after day of his life took delight in gazing at flowers, planting bamboos, sipping his wine and conning poetical works, he was in fact, in the indulgence of these pursuits, as happy as a supernatural being. +One thing alone marred his happiness. He had lived over half a century and had, as yet, no male offspring around his knees. He had one only child, a daughter, whose infant name was Ying Lien. She was just three years of age. On a long summer day, on which the heat had been intense, Shih-yin sat leisurely in his library. Feeling his hand tired, he dropped the book he held, leant his head on a teapoy, and fell asleep. +Of a sudden, while in this state of unconsciousness, it seemed as if he had betaken himself on foot to some spot or other whither he could not discriminate. Unexpectedly he espied, in the opposite direction, two priests coming towards him: the one a Buddhist, the other a Taoist. As they advanced they kept up the conversation in which they were engaged. "Whither do you purpose taking the object you have brought away?" he heard the Taoist inquire. To this question the Buddhist replied with a smile: "Set your mind at ease," he said; "there's now in maturity a plot of a general character involving mundane pleasures, which will presently come to a denouement. The whole number of the votaries of voluptuousness have, as yet, not been quickened or entered the world, and I mean to avail myself of this occasion to introduce this object among their number, so as to give it a chance to go through the span of human existence." "The votaries of voluptuousness of these days will naturally have again to endure the ills of life during their course through the mortal world," the Taoist remarked; "but when, I wonder, will they spring into existence? and in what place will they descend?" +"The account of these circumstances," the bonze ventured to reply, "is enough to make you laugh! They amount to this: there existed in the west, on the bank of the Ling (spiritual) river, by the side of the San Sheng (thrice-born) stone, a blade of the Chiang Chu (purple pearl) grass. At about the same time it was that the block of stone was, consequent upon its rejection by the goddess of works, also left to ramble and wander to its own gratification, and to roam about at pleasure to every and any place. One day it came within the precincts of the Ching Huan (Monitory Vision) Fairy; and this Fairy, cognizant of the fact that this stone had a history, detained it, therefore, to reside at the Ch'ih Hsia (purple clouds) palace, and apportioned to it the duties of attendant on Shen Ying, a fairy of the Ch'ih Hsia palace. +"This stone would, however, often stroll along the banks of the Ling river, and having at the sight of the blade of spiritual grass been filled with admiration, it, day by day, moistened its roots with sweet dew. This purple pearl grass, at the outset, tarried for months and years; but being at a later period imbued with the essence and luxuriance of heaven and earth, and having incessantly received the moisture and nurture of the sweet dew, divested itself, in course of time, of the form of a grass; assuming, in lieu, a human nature, which gradually became perfected into the person of a girl. +"Every day she was wont to wander beyond the confines of the Li Hen (divested animosities) heavens. When hungry she fed on the Pi Ch'ing (hidden love) fruit--when thirsty she drank the Kuan ch'ou (discharged sorrows,) water. Having, however, up to this time, not shewn her gratitude for the virtue of nurture lavished upon her, the result was but natural that she should resolve in her heart upon a constant and incessant purpose to make suitable acknowledgment. +"I have been," she would often commune within herself, "the recipient of the gracious bounty of rain and dew, but I possess no such water as was lavished upon me to repay it! But should it ever descend into the world in the form of a human being, I will also betake myself thither, along with it; and if I can only have the means of making restitution to it, with the tears of a whole lifetime, I may be able to make adequate return." +"This resolution it is that will evolve the descent into the world of so many pleasure-bound spirits of retribution and the experience of fantastic destinies; and this crimson pearl blade will also be among the number. The stone still lies in its original place, and why should not you and I take it along before the tribunal of the Monitory Vision Fairy, and place on its behalf its name on record, so that it should descend into the world, in company with these spirits of passion, and bring this plot to an issue?" + + CHAPTER I. Page 2 + +曹雪芹 +CHAPTER I. Page 2 + +"It is indeed ridiculous," interposed the Taoist. "Never before have I heard even the very mention of restitution by means of tears! Why should not you and I avail ourselves of this opportunity to likewise go down into the world? and if successful in effecting the salvation of a few of them, will it not be a work meritorious and virtuous?" +"This proposal," remarked the Buddhist, "is quite in harmony with my own views. Come along then with me to the palace of the Monitory Vision Fairy, and let us deliver up this good-for-nothing object, and have done with it! And when the company of pleasure-bound spirits of wrath descend into human existence, you and I can then enter the world. Half of them have already fallen into the dusty universe, but the whole number of them have not, as yet, come together." +"Such being the case," the Taoist acquiesced, "I am ready to follow you, whenever you please to go." +But to return to Chen Shih-yin. Having heard every one of these words distinctly, he could not refrain from forthwith stepping forward and paying homage. "My spiritual lords," he said, as he smiled, "accept my obeisance." The Buddhist and Taoist priests lost no time in responding to the compliment, and they exchanged the usual salutations. "My spiritual lords," Shih-yin continued; "I have just heard the conversation that passed between you, on causes and effects, a conversation the like of which few mortals have forsooth listened to; but your younger brother is sluggish of intellect, and cannot lucidly fathom the import! Yet could this dulness and simplicity be graciously dispelled, your younger brother may, by listening minutely, with undefiled ear and careful attention, to a certain degree be aroused to a sense of understanding; and what is more, possibly find the means of escaping the anguish of sinking down into Hades." +The two spirits smiled, "The conversation," they added, "refers to the primordial scheme and cannot be divulged before the proper season; but, when the time comes, mind do not forget us two, and you will readily be able to escape from the fiery furnace." +Shih-yin, after this reply, felt it difficult to make any further inquiries. "The primordial scheme," he however remarked smiling, "cannot, of course, be divulged; but what manner of thing, I wonder, is the good-for-nothing object you alluded to a short while back? May I not be allowed to judge for myself?" +"This object about which you ask," the Buddhist Bonze responded, "is intended, I may tell you, by fate to be just glanced at by you." With these words he produced it, and handed it over to Shih-yin. +Shih-yin received it. On scrutiny he found it, in fact, to be a beautiful gem, so lustrous and so clear that the traces of characters on the surface were distinctly visible. The characters inscribed consisted of the four "T'ung Ling Pao Yue," "Precious Gem of Spiritual Perception." On the obverse, were also several columns of minute words, which he was just in the act of looking at intently, when the Buddhist at once expostulated. +"We have already reached," he exclaimed, "the confines of vision." Snatching it violently out of his hands, he walked away with the Taoist, under a lofty stone portal, on the face of which appeared in large type the four characters: "T'ai Hsue Huan Ching," "The Visionary limits of the Great Void." On each side was a scroll with the lines: +When falsehood stands for truth, truth likewise becomes false, Where naught be made to aught, aught changes into naught. +Shih-yin meant also to follow them on the other side, but, as he was about to make one step forward, he suddenly heard a crash, just as if the mountains had fallen into ruins, and the earth sunk into destruction. As Shih-yin uttered a loud shout, he looked with strained eye; but all he could see was the fiery sun shining, with glowing rays, while the banana leaves drooped their heads. By that time, half of the circumstances connected with the dream he had had, had already slipped from his memory. +He also noticed a nurse coming towards him with Ying Lien in her arms. To Shih-yin's eyes his daughter appeared even more beautiful, such a bright gem, so precious, and so lovable. Forthwith stretching out his arms, he took her over, and, as he held her in his embrace, he coaxed her to play with him for a while; after which he brought her up to the street to see the great stir occasioned by the procession that was going past. +He was about to come in, when he caught sight of two priests, one a Taoist, the other a Buddhist, coming hither from the opposite direction. The Buddhist had a head covered with mange, and went barefooted. The Taoist had a limping foot, and his hair was all dishevelled. +Like maniacs, they jostled along, chattering and laughing as they drew near. +As soon as they reached Shih-yin's door, and they perceived him with Ying Lien in his arms, the Bonze began to weep aloud. +Turning towards Shih-yin, he said to him: "My good Sir, why need you carry in your embrace this living but luckless thing, which will involve father and mother in trouble?" +These words did not escape Shih-yin's ear; but persuaded that they amounted to raving talk, he paid no heed whatever to the bonze. +"Part with her and give her to me," the Buddhist still went on to say. +Shih-yin could not restrain his annoyance; and hastily pressing his daughter closer to him, he was intent upon going in, when the bonze pointed his hand at him, and burst out in a loud fit of laughter. +He then gave utterance to the four lines that follow: +You indulge your tender daughter and are laughed at as inane; Vain you face the snow, oh mirror! for it will evanescent wane, When the festival of lanterns is gone by, guard 'gainst your doom, 'Tis what time the flames will kindle, and the fire will consume. +Shih-yin understood distinctly the full import of what he heard; but his heart was still full of conjectures. He was about to inquire who and what they were, when he heard the Taoist remark,--"You and I cannot speed together; let us now part company, and each of us will be then able to go after his own business. After the lapse of three ages, I shall be at the Pei Mang mount, waiting for you; and we can, after our reunion, betake ourselves to the Visionary Confines of the Great Void, there to cancel the name of the stone from the records." +"Excellent! first rate!" exclaimed the Bonze. And at the conclusion of these words, the two men parted, each going his own way, and no trace was again seen of them. +"These two men," Shih-yin then pondered within his heart, "must have had many experiences, and I ought really to have made more inquiries of them; but at this juncture to indulge in regret is anyhow too late." +While Shih-yin gave way to these foolish reflections, he suddenly noticed the arrival of a penniless scholar, Chia by surname, Hua by name, Shih-fei by style and Yue-ts'un by nickname, who had taken up his quarters in the Gourd temple next door. This Chia Yue-ts'un was originally a denizen of Hu-Chow, and was also of literary and official parentage, but as he was born of the youngest stock, and the possessions of his paternal and maternal ancestors were completely exhausted, and his parents and relatives were dead, he remained the sole and only survivor; and, as he found his residence in his native place of no avail, he therefore entered the capital in search of that reputation, which would enable him to put the family estate on a proper standing. He had arrived at this place since the year before last, and had, what is more, lived all along in very straitened circumstances. He had made the temple his temporary quarters, and earned a living by daily occupying himself in composing documents and writing letters for customers. Thus it was that Shih-yin had been in constant relations with him. +As soon as Yue-ts'un perceived Shih-yin, he lost no time in saluting him. "My worthy Sir," he observed with a forced smile; "how is it you are leaning against the door and looking out? Is there perchance any news astir in the streets, or in the public places?" +"None whatever," replied Shih-yin, as he returned the smile. "Just a while back, my young daughter was in sobs, and I coaxed her out here to amuse her. I am just now without anything whatever to attend to, so that, dear brother Chia, you come just in the nick of time. Please walk into my mean abode, and let us endeavour, in each other's company, to while away this long summer day." +After he had made this remark, he bade a servant take his daughter in, while he, hand-in-hand with Yue-ts'un, walked into the library, where a young page served tea. They had hardly exchanged a few sentences, when one of the household came in, in flying haste, to announce that Mr. Yen had come to pay a visit. +Shih-yin at once stood up. "Pray excuse my rudeness," he remarked apologetically, "but do sit down; I shall shortly rejoin you, and enjoy the pleasure of your society." "My dear Sir," answered Yue-ts'un, as he got up, also in a conceding way, "suit your own convenience. I've often had the honour of being your guest, and what will it matter if I wait a little?" While these apologies were yet being spoken, Shih-yin had already walked out into the front parlour. During his absence, Yue-ts'un occupied himself in turning over the pages of some poetical work to dispel ennui, when suddenly he heard, outside the window, a woman's cough. Yue-ts'un hurriedly got up and looked out. He saw at a glance that it was a servant girl engaged in picking flowers. Her deportment was out of the common; her eyes so bright, her eyebrows so well defined. Though not a perfect beauty, she possessed nevertheless charms sufficient to arouse the feelings. Yue-ts'un unwittingly gazed at her with fixed eye. This waiting-maid, belonging to the Chen family, had done picking flowers, and was on the point of going in, when she of a sudden raised her eyes and became aware of the presence of some person inside the window, whose head-gear consisted of a turban in tatters, while his clothes were the worse for wear. But in spite of his poverty, he was naturally endowed with a round waist, a broad back, a fat face, a square mouth; added to this, his eyebrows were swordlike, his eyes resembled stars, his nose was straight, his cheeks square. +This servant girl turned away in a hurry and made her escape. +"This man so burly and strong," she communed within herself, "yet at the same time got up in such poor attire, must, I expect, be no one else than the man, whose name is Chia Yue-ts'un or such like, time after time referred to by my master, and to whom he has repeatedly wished to give a helping hand, but has failed to find a favourable opportunity. And as related to our family there is no connexion or friend in such straits, I feel certain it cannot be any other person than he. Strange to say, my master has further remarked that this man will, for a certainty, not always continue in such a state of destitution." +As she indulged in this train of thought, she could not restrain herself from turning her head round once or twice. +When Yue-ts'un perceived that she had looked back, he readily interpreted it as a sign that in her heart her thoughts had been of him, and he was frantic with irrepressible joy. +"This girl," he mused, "is, no doubt, keen-eyed and eminently shrewd, and one in this world who has seen through me." +The servant youth, after a short time, came into the room; and when Yue-ts'un made inquiries and found out from him that the guests in the front parlour had been detained to dinner, he could not very well wait any longer, and promptly walked away down a side passage and out of a back door. +When the guests had taken their leave, Shih-yin did not go back to rejoin Yue-ts'un, as he had come to know that he had already left. +In time the mid-autumn festivities drew near; and Shih-yin, after the family banquet was over, had a separate table laid in the library, and crossed over, in the moonlight, as far as the temple and invited Yue-ts'un to come round. +The fact is that Yue-ts'un, ever since the day on which he had seen the girl of the Chen family turn twice round to glance at him, flattered himself that she was friendly disposed towards him, and incessantly fostered fond thoughts of her in his heart. And on this day, which happened to be the mid-autumn feast, he could not, as he gazed at the moon, refrain from cherishing her remembrance. Hence it was that he gave vent to these pentameter verses: +Alas! not yet divined my lifelong wish, And anguish ceaseless comes upon anguish I came, and sad at heart, my brow I frowned; She went, and oft her head to look turned round. Facing the breeze, her shadow she doth watch, Who's meet this moonlight night with her to match? The lustrous rays if they my wish but read Would soon alight upon her beauteous head! +Yue-ts'un having, after this recitation, recalled again to mind how that throughout his lifetime his literary attainments had had an adverse fate and not met with an opportunity (of reaping distinction), went on to rub his brow, and as he raised his eyes to the skies, he heaved a deep sigh and once more intoned a couplet aloud: +The gem in the cask a high price it seeks, The pin in the case to take wing it waits. +As luck would have it, Shih-yin was at the moment approaching, and upon hearing the lines, he said with a smile: "My dear Yue-ts'un, really your attainments are of no ordinary capacity." +Yue-ts'un lost no time in smiling and replying. "It would be presumption in my part to think so," he observed. "I was simply at random humming a few verses composed by former writers, and what reason is there to laud me to such an excessive degree? To what, my dear Sir, do I owe the pleasure of your visit?" he went on to inquire. "Tonight," replied Shih-yin, "is the mid-autumn feast, generally known as the full-moon festival; and as I could not help thinking that living, as you my worthy brother are, as a mere stranger in this Buddhist temple, you could not but experience the feeling of loneliness. I have, for the express purpose, prepared a small entertainment, and will be pleased if you will come to my mean abode to have a glass of wine. But I wonder whether you will entertain favourably my modest invitation?" Yue-ts'un, after listening to the proposal, put forward no refusal of any sort; but remarked complacently: "Being the recipient of such marked attention, how can I presume to repel your generous consideration?" +As he gave expression to these words, he walked off there and then, in company with Shih-yin, and came over once again into the court in front of the library. In a few minutes, tea was over. +The cups and dishes had been laid from an early hour, and needless to say the wines were luscious; the fare sumptuous. +The two friends took their seats. At first they leisurely replenished their glasses, and quietly sipped their wine; but as, little by little, they entered into conversation, their good cheer grew more genial, and unawares the glasses began to fly round, and the cups to be exchanged. +At this very hour, in every house of the neighbourhood, sounded the fife and lute, while the inmates indulged in music and singing. Above head, the orb of the radiant moon shone with an all-pervading splendour, and with a steady lustrous light, while the two friends, as their exuberance increased, drained their cups dry so soon as they reached their lips. +Yue-ts'un, at this stage of the collation, was considerably under the influence of wine, and the vehemence of his high spirits was irrepressible. As he gazed at the moon, he fostered thoughts, to which he gave vent by the recital of a double couplet. +'Tis what time three meets five, Selene is a globe! Her pure rays fill the court, the jadelike rails enrobe! Lo! in the heavens her disk to view doth now arise, And in the earth below to gaze men lift their eyes. +"Excellent!" cried Shih-yin with a loud voice, after he had heard these lines; "I have repeatedly maintained that it was impossible for you to remain long inferior to any, and now the verses you have recited are a prognostic of your rapid advancement. Already it is evident that, before long, you will extend your footsteps far above the clouds! I must congratulate you! I must congratulate you! Let me, with my own hands, pour a glass of wine to pay you my compliments." +Yue-ts'un drained the cup. "What I am about to say," he explained as he suddenly heaved a sigh, "is not the maudlin talk of a man under the effects of wine. As far as the subjects at present set in the examinations go, I could, perchance, also have well been able to enter the list, and to send in my name as a candidate; but I have, just now, no means whatever to make provision for luggage and for travelling expenses. The distance too to Shen Ching is a long one, and I could not depend upon the sale of papers or the composition of essays to find the means of getting there." +Shih-yin gave him no time to conclude. "Why did you not speak about this sooner?" he interposed with haste. "I have long entertained this suspicion; but as, whenever I met you, this conversation was never broached, I did not presume to make myself officious. But if such be the state of affairs just now, I lack, I admit, literary qualification, but on the two subjects of friendly spirit and pecuniary means, I have, nevertheless, some experience. Moreover, I rejoice that next year is just the season for the triennial examinations, and you should start for the capital with all despatch; and in the tripos next spring, you will, by carrying the prize, be able to do justice to the proficiency you can boast of. As regards the travelling expenses and the other items, the provision of everything necessary for you by my own self will again not render nugatory your mean acquaintance with me." +Forthwith, he directed a servant lad to go and pack up at once fifty taels of pure silver and two suits of winter clothes. +"The nineteenth," he continued, "is a propitious day, and you should lose no time in hiring a boat and starting on your journey westwards. And when, by your eminent talents, you shall have soared high to a lofty position, and we meet again next winter, will not the occasion be extremely felicitous?" +Yue-ts'un accepted the money and clothes with but scanty expression of gratitude. In fact, he paid no thought whatever to the gifts, but went on, again drinking his wine, as he chattered and laughed. +It was only when the third watch of that day had already struck that the two friends parted company; and Shih-yin, after seeing Yue-ts'un off, retired to his room and slept, with one sleep all through, never waking until the sun was well up in the skies. +Remembering the occurrence of the previous night, he meant to write a couple of letters of recommendation for Yue-ts'un to take along with him to the capital, to enable him, after handing them over at the mansions of certain officials, to find some place as a temporary home. He accordingly despatched a servant to ask him to come round, but the man returned and reported that from what the bonze said, "Mr. Chia had started on his journey to the capital, at the fifth watch of that very morning, that he had also left a message with the bonze to deliver to you, Sir, to the effect that men of letters paid no heed to lucky or unlucky days, that the sole consideration with them was the nature of the matter in hand, and that he could find no time to come round in person and bid good-bye." + + CHAPTER I. Page 3 + +曹雪芹 +CHAPTER I. Page 3 + +Shih-yin after hearing this message had no alternative but to banish the subject from his thoughts. +In comfortable circumstances, time indeed goes by with easy stride. Soon drew near also the happy festival of the 15th of the 1st moon, and Shih-yin told a servant Huo Ch'i to take Ying Lien to see the sacrificial fires and flowery lanterns. +About the middle of the night, Huo Ch'i was hard pressed, and he forthwith set Ying Lien down on the doorstep of a certain house. When he felt relieved, he came back to take her up, but failed to find anywhere any trace of Ying Lien. In a terrible plight, Huo Ch'i prosecuted his search throughout half the night; but even by the dawn of day, he had not discovered any clue of her whereabouts. Huo Ch'i, lacking, on the other hand, the courage to go back and face his master, promptly made his escape to his native village. +Shih-yin--in fact, the husband as well as the wife--seeing that their child had not come home during the whole night, readily concluded that some mishap must have befallen her. Hastily they despatched several servants to go in search of her, but one and all returned to report that there was neither vestige nor tidings of her. +This couple had only had this child, and this at the meridian of their life, so that her sudden disappearance plunged them in such great distress that day and night they mourned her loss to such a point as to well nigh pay no heed to their very lives. +A month in no time went by. Shih-yin was the first to fall ill, and his wife, Dame Feng, likewise, by dint of fretting for her daughter, was also prostrated with sickness. The doctor was, day after day, sent for, and the oracle consulted by means of divination. +Little did any one think that on this day, being the 15th of the 3rd moon, while the sacrificial oblations were being prepared in the Hu Lu temple, a pan with oil would have caught fire, through the want of care on the part of the bonze, and that in a short time the flames would have consumed the paper pasted on the windows. +Among the natives of this district bamboo fences and wooden partitions were in general use, and these too proved a source of calamity so ordained by fate (to consummate this decree). +With promptness (the fire) extended to two buildings, then enveloped three, then dragged four (into ruin), and then spread to five houses, until the whole street was in a blaze, resembling the flames of a volcano. Though both the military and the people at once ran to the rescue, the fire had already assumed a serious hold, so that it was impossible for them to afford any effective assistance for its suppression. +It blazed away straight through the night, before it was extinguished, and consumed, there is in fact no saying how many dwelling houses. Anyhow, pitiful to relate, the Chen house, situated as it was next door to the temple, was, at an early part of the evening, reduced to a heap of tiles and bricks; and nothing but the lives of that couple and several inmates of the family did not sustain any injuries. +Shih-yin was in despair, but all he could do was to stamp his feet and heave deep sighs. After consulting with his wife, they betook themselves to a farm of theirs, where they took up their quarters temporarily. But as it happened that water had of late years been scarce, and no crops been reaped, robbers and thieves had sprung up like bees, and though the Government troops were bent upon their capture, it was anyhow difficult to settle down quietly on the farm. He therefore had no other resource than to convert, at a loss, the whole of his property into money, and to take his wife and two servant girls and come over for shelter to the house of his father-in-law. +His father-in-law, Feng Su, by name, was a native of Ta Ju Chou. Although only a labourer, he was nevertheless in easy circumstances at home. When he on this occasion saw his son-in-law come to him in such distress, he forthwith felt at heart considerable displeasure. Fortunately Shih-yin had still in his possession the money derived from the unprofitable realization of his property, so that he produced and handed it to his father-in-law, commissioning him to purchase, whenever a suitable opportunity presented itself, a house and land as a provision for food and raiment against days to come. This Feng Su, however, only expended the half of the sum, and pocketed the other half, merely acquiring for him some fallow land and a dilapidated house. +Shih-yin being, on the other hand, a man of books and with no experience in matters connected with business and with sowing and reaping, subsisted, by hook and by crook, for about a year or two, when he became more impoverished. +In his presence, Feng Su would readily give vent to specious utterances, while, with others, and behind his back, he on the contrary expressed his indignation against his improvidence in his mode of living, and against his sole delight of eating and playing the lazy. +Shih-yin, aware of the want of harmony with his father-in-law, could not help giving way, in his own heart, to feelings of regret and pain. In addition to this, the fright and vexation which he had undergone the year before, the anguish and suffering (he had had to endure), had already worked havoc (on his constitution); and being a man advanced in years, and assailed by the joint attack of poverty and disease, he at length gradually began to display symptoms of decline. +Strange coincidence, as he, on this day, came leaning on his staff and with considerable strain, as far as the street for a little relaxation, he suddenly caught sight, approaching from the off side, of a Taoist priest with a crippled foot; his maniac appearance so repulsive, his shoes of straw, his dress all in tatters, muttering several sentiments to this effect: +All men spiritual life know to be good, But fame to disregard they ne'er succeed! From old till now the statesmen where are they? Waste lie their graves, a heap of grass, extinct. All men spiritual life know to be good, But to forget gold, silver, ill succeed! Through life they grudge their hoardings to be scant, And when plenty has come, their eyelids close. All men spiritual life hold to be good, Yet to forget wives, maids, they ne'er succeed! Who speak of grateful love while lives their lord, And dead their lord, another they pursue. All men spiritual life know to be good, But sons and grandsons to forget never succeed! From old till now of parents soft many, But filial sons and grandsons who have seen? +Shih-yin upon hearing these words, hastily came up to the priest, "What were you so glibly holding forth?" he inquired. "All I could hear were a lot of hao liao (excellent, finality.") +"You may well have heard the two words 'hao liao,'" answered the Taoist with a smile, "but can you be said to have fathomed their meaning? You should know that all things in this world are excellent, when they have attained finality; when they have attained finality, they are excellent; but when they have not attained finality, they are not excellent; if they would be excellent, they should attain finality. My song is entitled Excellent-finality (hao liao)." +Shih-yin was gifted with a natural perspicacity that enabled him, as soon as he heard these remarks, to grasp their spirit. +"Wait a while," he therefore said smilingly; "let me unravel this excellent-finality song of yours; do you mind?" +"Please by all means go on with the interpretation," urged the Taoist; whereupon Shih-yin proceeded in this strain: +Sordid rooms and vacant courts, Replete in years gone by with beds where statesmen lay; Parched grass and withered banian trees, Where once were halls for song and dance! Spiders' webs the carved pillars intertwine, The green gauze now is also pasted on the straw windows! What about the cosmetic fresh concocted or the powder just scented; Why has the hair too on each temple become white like hoarfrost! Yesterday the tumulus of yellow earth buried the bleached bones, To-night under the red silk curtain reclines the couple! Gold fills the coffers, silver fills the boxes, But in a twinkle, the beggars will all abuse you! While you deplore that the life of others is not long, You forget that you yourself are approaching death! You educate your sons with all propriety, But they may some day, 'tis hard to say become thieves; Though you choose (your fare and home) the fatted beam, You may, who can say, fall into some place of easy virtue! Through your dislike of the gauze hat as mean, You have come to be locked in a cangue; Yesterday, poor fellow, you felt cold in a tattered coat, To-day, you despise the purple embroidered dress as long! Confusion reigns far and wide! you have just sung your part, I come on the boards, Instead of yours, you recognise another as your native land; What utter perversion! In one word, it comes to this we make wedding clothes for others! (We sow for others to reap.) +The crazy limping Taoist clapped his hands. "Your interpretation is explicit," he remarked with a hearty laugh, "your interpretation is explicit!" +Shih-yin promptly said nothing more than,--"Walk on;" and seizing the stole from the Taoist's shoulder, he flung it over his own. He did not, however, return home, but leisurely walked away, in company with the eccentric priest. +The report of his disappearance was at once bruited abroad, and plunged the whole neighbourhood in commotion; and converted into a piece of news, it was circulated from mouth to mouth. +Dame Feng, Shih-yin's wife, upon hearing the tidings, had such a fit of weeping that she hung between life and death; but her only alternative was to consult with her father, and to despatch servants on all sides to institute inquiries. No news was however received of him, and she had nothing else to do but to practise resignation, and to remain dependent upon the support of her parents for her subsistence. She had fortunately still by her side, to wait upon her, two servant girls, who had been with her in days gone by; and the three of them, mistress as well as servants, occupied themselves day and night with needlework, to assist her father in his daily expenses. +This Feng Su had after all, in spite of his daily murmurings against his bad luck, no help but to submit to the inevitable. +On a certain day, the elder servant girl of the Chen family was at the door purchasing thread, and while there, she of a sudden heard in the street shouts of runners clearing the way, and every one explain that the new magistrate had come to take up his office. +The girl, as she peeped out from inside the door, perceived the lictors and policemen go by two by two; and when unexpectedly in a state chair, was carried past an official, in black hat and red coat, she was indeed quite taken aback. +"The face of this officer would seem familiar," she argued within herself; "just as if I had seen him somewhere or other ere this." +Shortly she entered the house, and banishing at once the occurrence from her mind, she did not give it a second thought. At night, however, while she was waiting to go to bed, she suddenly heard a sound like a rap at the door. A band of men boisterously cried out: "We are messengers, deputed by the worthy magistrate of this district, and come to summon one of you to an enquiry." +Feng Su, upon hearing these words, fell into such a terrible consternation that his eyes stared wide and his mouth gaped. +What calamity was impending is not as yet ascertained, but, reader, listen to the explanation contained in the next chapter. diff --git a/data/hlm-ch1-zh.txt b/data/hlm-ch1-zh.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26df99d28c0d2f5d1f279d1ed9145c2c03a0ca79 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/hlm-ch1-zh.txt @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +红楼梦 +作者：曹雪芹 + +本文件由115小说下载网（txt.115wg.com）提供下载。本文件内容搜索整理自网络，版权归著作者所有！ + +第1卷 +第一回 甄士隐梦幻识通灵 贾雨村风尘怀闺秀 +第一回 甄士隐梦幻识通灵 贾雨村风尘怀闺秀 +　　此开卷第一回也。作者自云：因曾历过一番梦幻之后，故将真事隐去，而借“通灵”之说，撰此<<石头记>>一书也。故曰“甄士隐”云云。但书中所记何事何人？自又云：“今风尘碌碌，一事无成，忽念及当日所有之女子，一一细考较去，觉其行止见识，皆出于我之上。何我堂堂须眉，诚不若彼裙钗哉？实愧则有余，悔又无益之大无可如何之日也！当此，则自欲将已往所赖天恩祖德，锦衣纨э之时，饫甘餍肥之日，背父兄教育之恩，负师友规谈之德，以至今日一技无成，半生潦倒之罪，编述一集，以告天下人：我之罪固不免，然闺阁中本自历历有人，万不可因我之不肖，自护己短，一并使其泯灭也。虽今日之茅椽蓬牖，瓦灶绳床，其晨夕风露，阶柳庭花，亦未有妨我之襟怀笔墨者。虽我未学，下笔无文，又何妨用假语村言，敷演出一段故事来，亦可使闺阁昭传，复可悦世之目，破人愁闷，不亦宜乎？”故曰“贾雨村”云云。 +　　此回中凡用“梦”用“幻”等字，是提醒阅者眼目，亦是此书立意本旨。 +　　列位看官：你道此书从何而来？说起根由虽近荒唐，细按则深有趣味。待在下将此来历注明，方使阅者了然不惑。 +　　原来女娲氏炼石补天之时，于大荒山无稽崖练成高经十二丈，方经二十四丈顽石三万六千五百零一块。娲皇氏只用了三万六千五百块，只单单剩了一块未用，便弃在此山青埂峰下。谁知此石自经煅炼之后，灵性已通，因见众石俱得补天，独自己无材不堪入选，遂自怨自叹，日夜悲号惭愧。 +　　一日，正当嗟悼之际，俄见一僧一道远远而来，生得骨格不凡，丰神迥异，说说笑笑来至峰下，坐于石边高谈快论。先是说些云山雾海神仙玄幻之事，后便说到红尘中荣华富贵。此石听了，不觉打动凡心，也想要到人间去享一享这荣华富贵，但自恨粗蠢，不得已，便口吐人言，向那僧道说道：“大师，弟子蠢物，不能见礼了。适闻二位谈那人世间荣耀繁华，心切慕之。弟子质虽粗蠢，性却稍通，况见二师仙形道体，定非凡品，必有补天济世之材，利物济人之德。如蒙发一点慈心，携带弟子得入红尘，在那富贵场中，温柔乡里受享几年，自当永佩洪恩，万劫不忘也。”二仙师听毕，齐憨笑道：“善哉，善哉！那红尘中有却有些乐事，但不能永远依恃，况又有。美中不足，好事多魔'八个字紧相连属，瞬息间则又乐极悲生，人非物换，究竟是到头一梦，万境归空，倒不如不去的好。”这石凡心已炽，那里听得进这话去，乃复苦求再四。二仙知不可强制，乃叹道：“此亦静极怂级*，无中生有之数也。既如此，我们便携你去受享受享，只是到不得意时，切莫后悔。”石道：“自然，自然。”那僧又道：“若说你性灵，却又如此质蠢，并更无奇贵之处。如此也只好踮脚而已。也罢，我如今大施佛法助你助，待劫终之日，复还本质，以了此案。你道好否？”石头听了，感谢不尽。那僧便念咒书符，大展幻术，将一块大石登时变成一块鲜明莹洁的美玉，且又缩成扇坠大小的可佩可拿。那僧托于掌上，笑道：“形体倒也是个宝物了！还只没有，实在的好处，须得再镌上数字，使人一见便知是奇物方妙。然后携你到那昌明隆盛之邦，诗礼簪缨之族，花柳繁华地，温柔富贵乡去安身乐业。”石头听了，喜不能禁，乃问：“不知赐了弟子那几件奇处，又不知携了弟子到何地方？望乞明示，使弟子不惑。”那僧笑道：“你且莫问，日后自然明白的。”说着，便袖了这石，同那道人飘然而去，竟不知投奔何方何舍。 +　　后来，又不知过了几世几劫，因有个空空道人访道求仙，忽从这大荒山无稽崖青埂峰下经过，忽见一大块石上字迹分明，编述历历。空空道人乃从头一看，原来就是无材补天，幻形入世，蒙茫茫大士，渺渺真人携入红尘，历尽离合悲欢炎凉世态的一段故事。后面又有一首偈云： +　　无材可去补苍天，枉入红尘若许年。 +　　此系身前身后事，倩谁记去作奇传？诗后便是此石坠落之乡，投胎之处，亲自经历的一段陈迹故事。其中家庭闺阁琐事，以及闲情诗词倒还全备，或可适趣解闷，然朝代年纪，地舆邦国，却反失落无考。 +　　空空道人遂向石头说道：“石兄，你这一段故事，据你自己说有些趣味，故编写在此，意欲问世传奇。据我看来，第一件，无朝代年纪可考，第二件，并无大贤大忠理朝廷治风俗的善政，其中只不过几个异样女子，或情或痴，或小才微善，亦无班姑，蔡女之德能。我纵抄去，恐世人不爱看呢。”石头笑答道：“我师何太痴耶！若云无朝代可考，今我师竟假借汉唐等年纪添缀，又有何难？ +　　但我想，历来野史，皆蹈一辙，莫如我这不借此套者，反倒新奇别致，不过只取其事体情理罢了，又何必拘拘于朝代年纪哉！再者，市井俗人喜看理治之书者甚少，爱适趣闲文者特多。历来野史，或讪谤君相，或贬人妻女，**凶恶，不可胜数。更有一种风月笔墨，其淫秽污臭，屠毒笔墨，坏人子弟，又不可胜数。至若佳人才子等书，则又千部共出一套，且其中终不能不涉于淫滥，以致满纸潘安，子建，西子，文君，不过作者要写出自己的那两首情诗艳赋来，故假拟出男女二人名姓，又必旁出一小人其间拨乱，亦如剧中之小丑然。且鬟婢开口即者也之乎，非文即理。故逐一看去，悉皆自相矛盾，大不近情理之话，竟不如我半世亲睹亲闻的这几个女子，虽不敢说强似前代书中所有之人，但事迹原委，亦可以消愁破闷，也有几首歪诗熟话，可以喷饭供酒。至若离合悲欢，兴衰际遇，则又追踪蹑迹，不敢稍加穿凿，徒为供人之目而反失其真传者。今之人，贫者日为衣食所累，富者又怀不足之心，纵然一时稍闲，又有贪淫恋色，好货寻愁之事，那里去有工夫看那理治之书？所以我这一段故事，也不愿世人称奇道妙，也不定要世人喜悦检读，只愿他们当那醉淫饱卧之时，或避世去愁之际，把此一玩，岂不省了些寿命筋力？就比那谋虚逐妄，却也省了口舌是非之害，腿脚奔忙之苦。再者，亦令世人换新眼目，不比那些胡牵乱扯，忽离忽遇，满纸才人淑女，子建文君红娘小玉等通共熟套之旧稿。我师意为何如？“ +　　空空道人听如此说，思忖半晌，将<<石头记>>再检阅一遍，因见上面虽有些指奸责佞贬恶诛邪之语，亦非伤时骂世之旨，及至君仁臣良父慈子孝，凡伦常所关之处，皆是称功颂德，眷眷无穷，实非别书之可比。虽其中大旨谈情，亦不过实录其事，又非假拟妄称，一味淫邀艳约，私订偷盟之可比。因毫不干涉时世，方从头至尾抄录回来，问世传奇。从此空空道人因空见色，由色生情，传情入色，自色悟空，遂易名为情僧，改<<石头记>>为<<情僧录>>。东鲁孔梅溪则题曰<<风月宝鉴>>。后因曹雪芹于悼红轩中披阅十载，增删五次，纂成目录，分出章回，则题曰<<金陵十二钗>>。并题一绝云： +　　满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪！ +　　都云作者痴，谁解其中味？ +　　出则既明，且看石上是何故事。按那石上书云： +　　当日地陷东南，这东南一隅有处曰姑苏，有城曰阊门者，最是红尘中一二等富贵风流之地。 +　　这阊门外有个十里街，街内有个仁清巷，巷内有个古庙，因地方窄狭，人皆呼作葫芦庙。庙旁住着一家乡宦，姓甄，名费，字士隐。嫡妻封氏，情性贤淑，深明礼义。家中虽不甚富贵，然本地便也推他为望族了。因这甄士隐禀性恬淡，不以功名为念，每日只以观花修竹，酌酒吟诗为乐，倒是神仙一流人品。只是一件不足：如今年已半百，膝下无儿，只有一女，乳名唤作英莲，年方三岁。 +　　一日，炎夏永昼，士隐于书房闲坐，至手倦抛书，伏几少憩，不觉朦胧睡去。梦至一处，不辨是何地方。忽见那厢来了一僧一道，且行且谈。只听道人问道：“你携了这蠢物，意欲何往？”那僧笑道：“你放心，如今现有一段风流公案正该了结，这一干风流冤家，尚未投胎入世。趁此机会，就将此蠢物夹带于中，使他去经历经历。”那道人道：“原来近日风流冤孽又将造劫历世去不成？ +　　但不知落于何方何处？“那僧笑道：”此事说来好笑，竟是千古未闻的罕事。只因西方灵河岸上三生石畔，有绛珠草一株，时有赤瑕宫神瑛侍者，日以甘露灌溉，这绛珠草始得久延岁月。后来既受天地精华，复得雨露滋养，遂得脱却草胎木质，得换人形，仅修成个女体，终日游于离恨天外，饥则食蜜青果为膳，渴则饮灌愁海水为汤。只因尚未酬报灌溉之德，故其五内便郁结着一段缠绵不尽之意。恰近日这神瑛侍者凡心偶炽，乘此昌明太平朝世，意欲下凡造历幻缘，已在警幻仙子案前挂了号。警幻亦曾问及，灌溉之情未偿，趁此倒可了结的。那绛珠仙子道：。他是甘露之惠，我并无此水可还。他既下世为人，我也去下世为人，但把我一生所有的眼泪还他，也偿还得过他了。'因此一事，就勾出多少风流冤家来，陪他们去了结此案。“那道人道：”果是罕闻。实未闻有还泪之说。想来这一段故事，比历来风月事故更加琐碎细腻了。“那僧道：”历来几个风流人物，不过传其大概以及诗词篇章而已，至家庭闺阁中一饮一食，总未述记。再者，大半风月故事，不过偷香窃玉，暗约私奔而已，并不曾将儿女之真情发泄一二。想这一干人入世，其情痴色鬼，贤愚不肖者，悉与前人传述不同矣。“那道人道：”趁此何不你我也去下世度脱几个，岂不是一场功德？“那僧道：”正合吾意，你且同我到警幻仙子宫中，将蠢物交割清楚，待这一干风流孽鬼下世已完，你我再去。如今虽已有一半落尘，然犹未全集。“道人道：”既如此，便随你去来。“ +　　却说甄士隐俱听得明白，但不知所云“蠢物”系何东西。遂不禁上前施礼，笑问道：“二仙师请了。”那僧道也忙答礼相问。士隐因说道：“适闻仙师所谈因果，实人世罕闻者。但弟子愚浊，不能洞悉明白，若蒙大开痴顽，备细一闻，弟子则洗耳谛听，稍能警省，亦可免沉伦之苦。”二仙笑道：“此乃玄机不可预泄者。到那时不要忘我二人，便可跳出火坑矣。”士隐听了，不便再问。因笑道：“玄机不可预泄，但适云。蠢物'，不知为何，或可一见否？”那僧道：“若问此物，倒有一面之缘。”说着，取出递与士隐。士隐接了看时，原来是块鲜明美玉，上面字迹分明，镌着“通灵宝玉”四字，后面还有几行小字。正欲细看时，那僧便说已到幻境，便强从手中夺了去，与道人竟过一大石牌坊，上书四个大字，乃是“太虚幻境”。两边又有一幅对联，道是： +　　假作真时真亦假，无为有处有还无。士隐意欲也跟了过去，方举步时，忽听一声霹雳，有若山崩地陷。士隐大叫一声，定睛一看，只见烈日炎炎，芭蕉冉冉，所梦之事便忘了大半。又见奶母正抱了英莲走来。士隐见女儿越发生得粉妆玉琢，乖觉可喜，便伸手接来，抱在怀内，斗他顽耍一回，又带至街前，看那过会的热闹。方欲进来时，只见从那边来了一僧一道：那僧则癞头跣脚，那道则跛足蓬头，疯疯癫癫，挥霍谈笑而至。及至到了他门前，看见士隐抱着英莲，那僧便大哭起来，又向士隐道：“施主，你把这有命无运，累及爹娘之物，抱在怀内作甚？”士隐听了，知是疯话，也不去睬他。那僧还说：“舍我罢，舍我罢！”士隐不耐烦，便抱女儿撤身要进去，那僧乃指着他大笑，口内念了四句言词道： +　　惯养娇生笑你痴，菱花空对雪澌澌。 +　　好防佳节元宵后，便是烟消火灭时。士隐听得明白，心下犹豫，意欲问他们来历。只听道人说道：“你我不必同行，就此分手，各干营生去罢。三劫后，我在北邙山等你，会齐了同往太虚幻境销号。”那僧道：“最妙，最妙！”说毕，二人一去，再不见个踪影了。士隐心中此时自忖：这两个人必有来历，该试一问，如今悔却晚也。 +　　这士隐正痴想，忽见隔壁葫芦庙内寄居的一个穷儒-姓贾名化，表字时飞，别号雨村者走了出来。这贾雨村原系胡州人氏，也是诗书仕宦之族，因他生于末世，父母祖宗根基已尽，人口衰丧，只剩得他一身一口，在家乡无益，因进京求取功名，再整基业。自前岁来此，又淹蹇住了，暂寄庙中安身，每日卖字作文为生，故士隐常与他交接。当下雨村见了士隐，忙施礼陪笑道：“老先生倚门伫望，敢是街市上有甚新闻否？”士隐笑道：“非也。适因小女啼哭，引他出来作耍，正是无聊之甚，兄来得正妙，请入小斋一谈，彼此皆可消此永昼。”说着，便令人送女儿进去，自与雨村携手来至书房中。小童献茶。方谈得三五句话，忽家人飞报：“严老爷来拜。”士隐慌的忙起身谢罪道：“恕诳驾之罪，略坐，弟即来陪。”雨村忙起身亦让道：“老先生请便。晚生乃常造之客，稍候何妨。”说着，士隐已出前厅去了。 +　　这里雨村且翻弄书籍解闷。忽听得窗外有女子嗽声，雨村遂起身往窗外一看，原来是一个丫鬟，在那里撷花，生得仪容不俗，眉目清明，虽无十分姿色，却亦有动人之处。雨村不觉看的呆了。那甄家丫鬟撷了花，方欲走时，猛抬头见窗内有人，敝巾旧服，虽是贫窘，然生得腰圆背厚，面阔口方，更兼剑眉星眼，直鼻权腮。这丫鬟忙转身回避，心下乃想：“这人生的这样雄壮，却又这样褴褛，想他定是我家主人常说的什么贾雨村了，每有意帮助周济，只是没甚机会。我家并无这样贫窘亲友，想定是此人无疑了。怪道又说他必非久困之人。”如此想来，不免又回头两次。雨村见他回了头，便自为这女子心中有意于他，便狂喜不尽，自为此女子必是个巨眼英雄，风尘中之知己也。一时小童进来，雨村打听得前面留饭，不可久待，遂从夹道中自便出门去了。士隐待客既散，知雨村自便，也不去再邀。 +　　一日，早又中秋佳节。士隐家宴已毕，乃又另具一席于书房，却自己步月至庙中来邀雨村。 +　　原来雨村自那日见了甄家之婢曾回顾他两次，自为是个知己，便时刻放在心上。今又正值中秋，不免对月有怀，因而口占五言一律云： +　　未卜三生愿，频添一段愁。 +　　闷来时敛额，行去几回头。 +　　自顾风前影，谁堪月下俦？ +　　蟾光如有意，先上玉人楼。雨村吟罢，因又思及平生抱负，苦未逢时，乃又搔首对天长叹，复高吟一联曰： +　　玉在中求善价，钗于奁内待时飞。恰值士隐走来听见，笑道：“雨村兄真抱负不浅也！”雨村忙笑道：“不过偶吟前人之句，何敢狂诞至此。”因问：“老先生何兴至此？”士隐笑道：“今夜中秋，俗谓。团圆之节'，想尊兄旅寄僧房，不无寂寥之感，故特具小酌，邀兄到敝斋一饮，不知可纳芹意否？”雨村听了，并不推辞，便笑道：“既蒙厚爱，何敢拂此盛情。”说着，便同士隐复过这边书院中来。须臾茶毕，早已设下杯盘，那美酒佳肴自不必说。二人归坐，先是款斟漫饮，次渐谈至兴浓，不觉飞觥限起来。当时街坊上家家箫管，户户弦歌，当头一轮明月，飞彩凝辉，二人愈添豪兴，酒到杯干。雨村此时已有七八分酒意，狂兴不禁，乃对月寓怀，口号一绝云： +　　时逢三五便团圆，满把晴光护玉栏。 +　　天上一轮才捧出，人间万姓仰头看。士隐听了，大叫：“妙哉！吾每谓兄必非久居人下者，今所吟之句，飞腾之兆已见，不日可接履于云霓之上矣。可贺，可贺！”乃亲斟一斗为贺。雨村因干过，叹道：“非晚生酒后狂言，若论时尚之学，晚生也或可去充数沽名，只是目今行囊路费一概无措，神京路远，非赖卖字撰文即能到者。”士隐不待说完，便道：“兄何不早言。愚每有此心，但每遇兄时，兄并未谈及，愚故未敢唐突。今既及此，愚虽不才，。义利'二字却还识得。且喜明岁正当大比，兄宜作速入都，春闱一战，方不负兄之所学也。其盘费余事，弟自代为处置，亦不枉兄之谬识矣！”当下即命小童进去，速封五十两白银，并两套冬衣。又云：“十九日乃黄道之期，兄可即买舟西上，待雄飞高举，明冬再晤，岂非大快之事耶！”雨村收了银衣，不过略谢一语，并不介意，仍是吃酒谈笑。那天已交了三更，二人方散。士隐送雨村去后，回房一觉，直至红日三竿方醒。因思昨夜之事，意欲再写两封荐书与雨村带至神都，使雨村投谒个仕宦之家为寄足之地。因使人过去请时，那家人去了回来说：“和尚说，贾爷今日五鼓已进京去了，也曾留下话与和尚转达老爷，说。读书人不在黄道黑道，总以事理为要，不及面辞了。'”士隐听了，也只得罢了。真是闲处光阴易过，倏忽又是元霄佳节矣。士隐命家人霍启抱了英莲去看社火花灯，半夜中，霍启因要小解，便将英莲放在一家门槛上坐着。待他小解完了来抱时，那有英莲的踪影？急得霍启直寻了半夜，至天明不见，那霍启也就不敢回来见主人，便逃往他乡去了。那士隐夫妇，见女儿一夜不归，便知有些不妥，再使几人去寻找，回来皆云连音响皆无。夫妻二人，半世只生此女，一旦失落，岂不思想，因此昼夜啼哭，几乎不曾寻死。看看的一月，士隐先就得了一病，当时封氏孺人也因思女构疾，日日请医疗治。 +　　不想这日三月十五，葫芦庙中炸供，那些和尚不加小心，致使油锅火逸，便烧着窗纸。此方人家多用竹篱木壁者，大抵也因劫数，于是接二连三，牵五挂四，将一条街烧得如火焰山一般。 +　　彼时虽有军民来救，那火已成了势，如何救得下？直烧了一夜，方渐渐的熄去，也不知烧了几家。 +　　只可怜甄家在隔壁，早已烧成一片瓦砾场了。只有他夫妇并几个家人的性命不曾伤了。急得士隐惟跌足长叹而已。只得与妻子商议，且到田庄上去安身。偏值近年水旱不收，鼠盗蜂起，无非抢田夺地，鼠窃狗偷，民不安生，因此官兵剿捕，难以安身。士隐只得将田庄都折变了，便携了妻子与两个丫鬟投他岳丈家去。 +　　他岳丈名唤封肃，本贯大如州人氏，虽是务农，家中都还殷实。今见女婿这等狼狈而来，心中便有些不乐。幸而士隐还有折变田地的银子未曾用完，拿出来托他随分就价薄置些须房地，为后日衣食之计。那封肃便半哄半赚，些须与他些薄田朽屋。士隐乃读书之人，不惯生理稼穑等事，勉强支持了一二年，越觉穷了下去。封肃每见面时，便说些现成话，且人前人后又怨他们不善过活，只一味好吃懒作等语。士隐知投人不着，心中未免悔恨，再兼上年惊唬，急忿怨痛，已有积伤，暮年之人，贫病交攻，竟渐渐的露出那下世的光景来。 +　　可巧这日拄了拐杖挣挫到街前散散心时，忽见那边来了一个跛足道人，疯癫落脱，麻屣鹑衣，口内念着几句言词，道是： +　　世人都晓神仙好，惟有功名忘不了！ +　　古今将相在何方？荒冢一堆草没了。 +　　世人都晓神仙好，只有金银忘不了！ +　　终朝只恨聚无多，及到多时眼闭了。 +　　世人都晓神仙好，只有姣妻忘不了！ +　　君生日日说恩情，君死又随人去了。 +　　世人都晓神仙好，只有儿孙忘不了！ +　　痴心父母古来多，孝顺儿孙谁见了？士隐听了，便迎上来道：你满口说些什么？只听见些。 +　　好了好了那道人笑道：“你若果听见。好了二字，还算你明白。可知世上万般，好便是了，了便是好。若不了，便不好，若要好，须是了。我这歌儿，便名<<好了歌>>”士隐本是有宿慧的，一闻此言，心中早已彻悟。因笑道：“且住！待我将你这<<好了歌>>解注出来何如？”道人笑道：“你解，你解。”士隐乃说道： +　　陋室空堂，当年笏满床，衰草枯杨，曾为歌舞场。蛛丝儿结满雕梁，绿纱今又糊在蓬窗上。说什么脂正浓，粉正香，如何两鬓又成霜？昨日黄土陇头送白骨，今宵红灯帐底卧鸳鸯。金满箱，银满箱，展眼乞丐人皆谤。正叹他人命不长，那知自己归来丧！训有方，保不定日后作强梁。择膏粱，谁承望流落在烟花巷！因嫌纱帽小，致使锁枷杠，昨怜破袄寒，今嫌紫蟒长：乱烘烘你方唱罢我登场，反认他乡是故乡。甚荒唐，到头来都是为他人作嫁衣裳！那疯跛道人听了，拍掌笑道：“解得切，解得切！”士隐便说一声“走罢！”将道人肩上褡裢抢了过来背着，竟不回家，同了疯道人飘飘而去。当下烘动街坊，众人当作一件新闻传说。封氏闻得此信，哭个死去活来，只得与父亲商议，遣人各处访寻，那讨音信？无奈何，少不得依靠着他父母度日。幸而身边还有两个旧日的丫鬟伏侍，主仆三人，日夜作些针线发卖，帮着父亲用度。那封肃虽然日日抱怨，也无可奈何了。 +　　这日，那甄家大丫鬟在门前买线，忽听街上喝道之声，众人都说新太爷到任。丫鬟于是隐在门内看时，只见军牢快手，一对一对的过去，俄而大轿抬着一个乌帽猩袍的官府过去。丫鬟倒发了个怔，自思这官好面善，倒象在那里见过的。于是进入房中，也就丢过不在心上。至晚间，正待歇息之时，忽听一片声打的门响，许多人乱嚷，说：“本府太爷差人来传人问话。”封肃听了，唬得目瞪口呆，不知有何祸事。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/ps-cn.txt b/data/ps-cn.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1ee061f95fe2d926d6018f9d1687008bc5edca2a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/ps-cn.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1428 @@ + +简介 + +1. 国际金融公司（IFC）《可持续性框架》详细阐述了公司致力于可持续发展的战略承诺，并且是公 司风险管理不可或缺的一部分。《可持续性框架》包括《国际金融公司环境和社会可持续性绩效标准》 和《国际金融公司信息使用政策》。《环境和社会可持续性绩效标准》描述国际金融公司（IFC）有关 环境和社会可持续性的承诺、作用和责任。《国际金融公司信息使用政策》反映了公司致力于运营透 明度和良治的承诺，并概述了公司有关其投资和顾问服务的机构性披露义务。《绩效标准》的制定面 向客户，为他们如何识别风险和影响提供指导，旨在帮助客户以可持续的营商方式避免、缓解、管理 风险和影响，包括客户在项目活动中与利益相关者的沟通以及披露信息的义务。在直接投资（包括通 过金融中介机构提供的项目和公司融资）的情况下，国际金融公司（IFC）要求客户采用《绩效标准》 来管理环境与社会风险和影响，从而增强发展机遇。国际金融公司（IFC）使用《可持续性框架》以及 其它战略、政策和计划来指导公司业务活动，从而达到其总体发展目标。《绩效标准》还可适用于其 它金融机构。 +2. 八项《绩效标准》共同确定了客户 1 在国际金融公司投资的整个项目周期内需达到的标准： 绩效标准 1：环境和社会风险与影响的评估和管理 +绩效标准 2：劳工和工作条件 绩效标准 3：资源效率和污染防治 绩效标准 4：社区健康、安全和治安 绩效标准 5：土地征用和非自愿迁移 +绩效标准 6：生物多样性保护和生物自然资源的可持续管理 绩效标准 7：土著居民 +绩效标准 8：文化遗产 + +3. 《绩效标准 1》确立了以下几个方面的重要性：（i）综合评估以识别项目的环境与社会影响、风 险和机遇；（ii）通过披露项目相关信息和与当地社区就直接影响他们的问题进行磋商来进行有效的社 区沟通；（iii）客户在整个项目周期内对环境和社会绩效进行管理。《绩效标准 2》至《绩效标准 8》 确立了避免和在最大程度上降低对员工、受影响社区和环境带来风险和影响，以及如果仍存在残余影 响，补偿/抵消这些风险和影响的目标和要求。虽然所有相关的环境与社会风险和潜在影响都应被视为 评估的一部分，但《绩效标准 2》至《绩效标准 8》描述了需要特别关注的潜在环境与社会风险和影响。 这些环境或社会风险和影响一旦确定，就要求客户通过符合《绩效标准 1》的环境和社会管理系统来 对它们进行管理。 + +4. 《绩效标准 1》适用于所有具有环境与社会风险和影响的项目。其它绩效标准的适用取决于项目 所处的具体环境。各项《绩效标准》应综合来看，并在需要的情况下相互参考。每项《绩效标准》所 提出的要求适用于项目下所资助的所有活动，除非每部分所述的具体限制中有其它规定。客户应在所 有融资项目活动中采用《绩效标准 1》开发的环境和社会管理系统。一些交叉领域的问题，如气候变 化、性别、人权和水资源，在多个《绩效标准》中都有涵盖。 + +5. 除了满足《绩效标准》中的要求以外，客户还必须遵守相关国家法律，包括那些国际法中规定的 东道国有义务实施的法律。 + +6. 世界银行集团《环境、健康和安全指南》（EHS 指南）是阐述一般性和具体行业的良好国际行业 惯例的技术参考文件。国际金融公司（IFC）使用《EHS 指南》作为项目评估过程中的信息技术来源。 +《EHS 指南》包含国际金融公司（IFC）一般可接受的绩效水平和衡量标准，在现有技术条件下成本 + +1《绩效标准》中“客户”一词泛指负责所资助项目的实施和运营方，或融资接受方，取决于项目结构和融资类型。 +“项目”一词的定义见“绩效标准 1”。 + + + +合理的新设施一般是能够达到这些水平和标准的。对国际金融公司（IFC）资助的项目，在现有设施中 采用《EHS 指南》可能包括确立具体设施地点的目标，以及达到这些目标的适当的时间表。在环境评 估过程中，可能会建议替代（更高或更低）绩效水平或衡量标准，如果这些水平和标准对国际金融公 司（IFC）来说可以接受的话，将成为具体项目或地点的要求。《EHS 通用指南》包含可能适用于所 有行业的环境、健康和安全问题的交叉领域信息。通用指南应与相关的行业指南一起来使用。《EHS 指南》可能会不时更新。 + +7. 如果东道国的法规与《EHS 指南》中所述的绩效水平和衡量标准不一致，项目应采用其中较为严 格的标准。如果在具体项目的情况下，更适合采用较为宽松的绩效水平或衡量标准，则应详细地说明 采用替代标准的理由，并将其作为具体地点环境评估的一部分。这种理由应该表明，选择该替代标准 可以保护人类健康和环境。 + +8. 一套八册对应每项《绩效标准》的《指导手册》，加上《金融中介机构解释手册》，对《绩效标 准》及参考材料中包含的要求以及可持续性良好惯例提供指导，帮助客户提高项目绩效。这些指导手 册/解释手册可能会不时更新。 + + +简介 + +1. 《绩效标准 1》强调在整个项目周期内对其环境和社会绩效进行管理的重要性。一个有效的 环境和社会管理系统（ESMS）应当是一个动态的、持续的过程，这个过程由管理层发起并提供支持， 其中涉及客户、员工、直接受该项目影响的当地社区（以下简称“受影响的社区”）以及其他利益相 关者 1的参与。ESMS管理系统是基于企业现有管理过程中“计划、实施、核查和行动”等各个要素， 以结构化、有组织的方式，持续管理环境和社会风险 2与影响 3。一个与项目的性质与规模相匹配的良 好的ESMS管理系统可以促进稳定、可持续的环境和社会绩效，并能够带来更好的经济、社会和环境 效益。 + + +2. 有时，某些环境和社会风险及其影响的评估和管理责任可能由政府或第三方承担，而不在客 户的控制或影响范围内 4。这样的案例可以包括下列情况：（1）政府或第三方制定的早期规划将会影 响项目的选址或项目的设计；并且/或者（2）与项目直接相关的某些行动是由政府或第三方实施的， 比如为项目提供土地，该项目实施之前可能涉及到社区或个人迁移以及/或者导致生物多样性的损失。 尽管客户不能控制政府或第三方的这些行动，为了帮助达到《绩效标准》要求的环境和社会效果，一 个有效的ESMS管理系统应该能识别项目所涉及的不同单位、项目的作用、项目带给客户的相应风险 以及与第三方协作的机会。此外，本《绩效标准》支持使用有效的申诉机制，帮助早期识别那些认为 自己已经受到客户行为伤害的人并提供快速的弥补措施。 + + +3. 项目活动应该尊重人权，这意味着避免侵犯他人的人权，并解决项目活动对人权可能导致的 或促成的不利影响。每项绩效标准都包含一个项目在运营当中可能涉及到人权的相关要素。基于这些 绩效标准进行的尽职调查将使客户能够解决项目中的很多与人权相关的问题。 + + +目标 + + 识别和评估项目的环境和社会风险与影响。 + 采取多层次的减缓措施来预测并避免对员工、受影响的社区和环境所带来的风险和 影响，或者在不可能避免的情况下将风险和影响最小化 5，并在仍然存在残余影响的 情况下，对其进行补偿/抵消。 + 通过管理系统的有效使用来促进客户的环境和社会绩效的改善。 + +1 其他利益相关者是指那些不受项目直接影响，但与项目有利益关系的个人或团体，可能包括国家和地方当局、邻 近项目和/或非政府组织。 +2 环境和社会风险是指某些灾难事件发生的可能性以及这一灾难影响的严重程度。 +3 环境和社会影响是指项目所支持的活动对社区的物理、自然或文化环境造成的任何潜在的或实际的变化，以及对 周边社区和工作人员的影响。 +4 客户雇用的或代表客户的承包商被认为是在客户的直接控制之下，本《绩效标准》不认为他们是第三方。 +5 可以接受的最小化选择有很多种，包括在适可的情况下：减轻、矫正、维护和/或恢复影响。缓解风险和影响的系 列措施在《绩效标准 2-8》中相关部分有更为深入具体的讨论。 + + + 确保来自受影响社区的投诉和其他利益相关者的外部意见得到适当的答复和管理。 + 提供充分的参与方式，使受影响社区在整个项目周期内充分参与有可能对他们产生 影响的问题，并确保向他们披露和传播相关的环境和社会信息。 + +适用范围 + +4. 本《绩效标准》适用于存在环境和/或社会风险和/或影响的商业活动。在本《绩效标准》中， “项目”一词是指一些特定的商业活动，包括那些可能产生风险和影响但其具体物理元素、外观和设 施尚未完全确定的商业活动 6。在某些情况下，包括从开发初期阶段到其整个生命周期（设计、施工、 核准、运营、退出、关闭或关闭后阶段）的各个方面 7。除非在以下各段所描述的具体限制中另有规定， 本《绩效标准》的要求适用于所有商业活动。 + + +要求 + +环境和社会评估与管理系统 + +5. 客户应与其它政府负责部门和相关的第三方 8协调，进行环境和社会评估，并建立和维护一个 与项目的性质和规模及其环境和社会风险与影响相适应的ESMS管理系统。这个ESMS管理系统应该包 括以下因素：（1）政策；（2）对风险和影响的识别；（3）管理计划；（4）组织能力和资质；（5） 应急预警和反应措施；（6）利益相关者的参与；（7）监督和审查。 + + +政策 +6. 客户应建立一个全面的确定环境社会目标和原则的政策，用以指导项目取得良好的环境和社 会绩效 9。这个政策应为环境和社会评估与管理过程提供一个框架，并明确说明该项目（或相关的商业 活动）将遵循项目所在地适用的法律法规，包括那些根据国际法东道国有义务实施的法律。这一政策 应该与《绩效标准》的准则相一致。在某些情况下，客户可能也遵循其它国际上认可的标准、认证体 系或行动准则，而这些也应该包括在这一政策中。该政策应明确规定在客户单位里谁负责保证项目符 合政策的要求，并负责政策的执行（如有必要，政策可以提到相关政府负责部门或第三方的责任）。 客户应向单位里的所有员工传达该政策。 + + + + +6 例如，拥有现存的有形资产并/或计划开发或购买新设施的公司企业，拥有现存的资产并/或计划投资新设施的投资 基金或金融中介机构。 +7 鉴于本标准被各种金融机构、投资者、保险商和所有者/运营商所使用，每个使用者应确定其适用本标准商业活动 范围。 +8 即，那些在法律上有义务和责任评估并管理具体风险和影响的各方（如政府领导的移民安置）。 +9 这一要求是一个独立的、针对具体项目的政策，不是为了影响（或要求改变）客户可能已经为了不相关的项目、 业务活动或更高级别的商业活动而制定的现有政策。 + + +对风险和影响的识别 +7. 客户应建立一套识别项目环境和社会风险与影响（有关能力要求见第 18 段）的长效程序。项 目的类型、规模和地点将决定在识别风险和影响的过程中应投入多大范围与程度的努力。 风险与影响 的识别过程所涉及的范围应当遵从良好的国际行业惯例 10，并依此决定适当的、相关的方法和评估工 具。这个过程可以是一个全面的环境和社会影响评估，或者是一个有限的或有针对性的环境和社会评 估，或者是直接依据环境选址、污染标准、设计标准或建筑标准 11。当项目涉及已有资产时，环境和/ 或社会审计和/或风险/危险性评估可能足以识别风险和影响。如果要开发、获取或融资的资产还没有明 确，所建立的环境和社会尽职调查过程应该在未来某一时间点当物理元素、资产和设施可以得到合理 明确时来识别风险和影响。风险和影响识别过程应当建立在具有适当详实程度的、最新的环境和社会 基准数据的基础上。这个过程应考虑项目所有相关的环境和社会风险与影响，包括《绩效标准 2 至 8》 中所提到的问题，也包括可能受到这些风险影响的那些事项 12。这个风险和影响识别过程应考虑温室 气体排放、气候变化相关风险和适应机遇，以及潜在的跨界影响，比如空气污染，国际水道的使用或 污染等。 + + +8. 当项目包含可能产生影响的已被明确识别的物理元素、方面和设施时，环境和社会风险和影 响的识别应在项目的整个影响范围内展开。项目的影响范围可包括： + 可能受到影响的区域：（1）项目 13本身，客户的活动和客户（包括承包商）直接拥 有、运营和管理的设施和客户拥有的属于项目组成部分的设施 14；（2）项目在未来 或在不同地点所产生的计划外但可预测的开发活动的影响；（3）对受影响社区的生 计所依赖的生物多样性或生态系统服务造成非直接的影响。 + 相关设施，指那些没有被项目资助，但是如果不建设或者扩展该项目就不会存在的 设施，但没有这些设施，项目也不可行 15。 + 累积影响 16，包括项目产生的直接影响或资源所造成的叠加影响，以及在风险与影 响识别过程中其它现存的、计划中的或被合理确认的开发活动中产生的累积影响； + + + + + +10 这里是指在全球或地区同样或类似环境下进行同类工作的有经验的专业人士在合理预期中会用到的专业技能、勤 奋、谨慎和预期。 +11 对于新开发项目或大型扩建项目，如果含有可能产生潜在巨大环境或社会影响的并已明确识别的物理元素、方面 和设施，客户应进行全面的环境和社会影响评估，包括在适当的情况下对替代方案进行审查。 +12 在有限的高风险情况下，客户在进行环境和社会风险和评估识别过程的同时，进行与特定业务相关的人权方面尽 职调查可能是有必要的。 +13 例如，项目的地点、近范围的气域和流域或运输通道。 +14 例如，电力输送走廊、管道、运河、隧道、搬迁或出入通道、取土或处置区、施工营地和受污染土地（比如土壤、 地下水、地表水和沉积物）。 +15 相关设施可能包括：铁路、公路、自备电厂或传输线路、管道、公用设施、仓库和物流码头 +16 累积影响只限于那些根据科学或受影响社区的担忧而普遍认定的重要影响。累积影响的例子包括：对某一气域渐 增的气体排放、多次取水造成的流域水流减少、流域沉积物增加、对野生动物迁徙路线的干扰、社区道路上交通车 辆的增加造成的更多交通拥堵和事故。 + + +9. 一旦在项目影响领域内发生的风险和影响是由第三方行为所致，那么客户应该以与其对第三 方的控制和影响能力相称的方式、在考虑到利益冲突的情况下应对这些风险和影响。 + + +10. 如果客户能够合理行使控制，那么风险和影响识别过程也应考虑与主要供应链相关的风险和 +影响，详见《绩效标准 2》（第 27 至 29 段）及《绩效标准 6》（第 30 段）。 + + +11. 如果项目涉及有可能产生环境和社会影响的已被明确识别的物理元素、方面和设施，识别风 险与影响时，应考虑由与项目及其影响范围 17直接相关的政府部门或其他方面准备的有关计划、研究 或评估的结果与结论。这些计划、研究或评估可包括总体经济发展规划、国家或区域规划、可行性研 究、替代方案分析以及相关的累积性、区域性、行业性和战略性的环境评估。项目的风险和影响识别 还应考虑与受影响社区适当磋商的结果。 + + +12. 如果项目涉及有可能产生影响的被具体识别的物理元素、方面和设施，作为风险和影响识别 过程的一部分，客户应识别那些因处境不利或处于弱势地位而可能直接地或更多地受到项目影响的个 人和团体 18。对那些被确认为处境不利或处于弱势地位的个人或团体，客户应提出并实施区别对待的 措施，以确保不利影响不会不成比例地落在他们身上，并同时确保他们在分享发展效益和发展机会时 也不会处于不利地位。 + + +管理方案 +13. 客户应根据其自身的政策及其规定的目标和准则，建立管理方案，从总体上采取降低影响和 改进绩效的措施与行动，应对已被识别的项目环境和社会风险与影响。 + + +14. 根据项目的性质和规模，这些管理方案可能包括运营程序、操作惯例、计划和相关支持文件 的组合，所有文件（包括法律合同）应适当备案，并以系统的方式进行管理 19。管理方案可广泛地适 用于客户的整个组织，包括该组织可以施加控制或影响的承包商和主要供应商，也可用于特定的地点、 设施或活动。在技术 20 和财务 21 可行的情况下，为应对已被识别的风险和影响而采取的缓解机制应首 先考虑避免影响，其次才是将影响最小化，并在仍然存在残余影响的情况下，对影响予以补偿或抵消。 + + +17 客户可以将这些考虑在内，重点关注那些大范围区域研究或累积评估中根据科学或区域内受影响社区的担忧而认 定的重要影响，了解项目对这些影响的追加程度。 +18 这种处境不利或弱势地位可能源自个人或团体的种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政见或其他观点、国籍或社会 +出身、财产、出生地或其它身份因素。客户还应该考虑诸如性别、年龄、民族、文化、教育程度、疾病、身体和智 力残障、贫困或经济不利处境以及对独特自然资源的依赖性等因素。 +19 客户和第三方依据具体影响进行减缓行动的现有法律协议是方案的一部分。一个例子是协议中具体描述的由政府 管理的安置责任。 +20 技术可行性是基于建议的措施和行动是否可以从商业途径的技术、设备和材料加以实施，并同时考虑到当地的因 素，比如气候、地理、人口、基础设施、安全、治理、能力和运营可靠性。 +21 财务上的可行性基于商业考虑因素，包括与项目投资、运营和维护成本相比，采用这些措施和行动带来的增量成 本，以及这些增量成本对项目的客户是否可行。 + + +15. 在被识别的风险与影响不可避免的情况下，客户应识别缓解措施和绩效衡量标准，采取相应 行动以确保项目运营符合相关法律法规，并达到《绩效标准 1 到 8》的要求。这套共同管理方案的详 细程度与复杂程度以及所识别的措施及行动的优先性应与项目的风险和影响相称，并考虑与受影响的 社区适当磋商的结果。 + + +16. 为解决在风险与影响的识别过程中提出的问题，管理方案应建立环境和社会行动计划 22，明 确所需采取的行动及其预期结果。这些行动及其预期结果要尽可能明确可衡量的指标，比如在规定时 间内跟踪的绩效指标、目标或接受标准，并配之以资源需求的评估和明确的实施责任。在适当的情况 下，为解决所识别的风险与影响，管理方案须明确并包括相关第三方应采取的行动以及受第三方控制 的事件的作用。鉴于项目的动态性，管理方案还应对事件的变化、不可预测的事件以及监测评估的结 果做出反应。 + + +组织能力和资质 +17. 客户应与合适的相关第三方合作，建立、维持和在必要时加强一套组织构架，明确实施 ESMS 管理系统所需的各个职位、责任和权力。应指定包括管理层代表在内的专人，明确他们的责任 和职权。对关键的环境和社会责任，应该定义清楚并向有关人员以及客户组织内其他人员予以传达。 应提供持续而充分的管理支持以及人力和财力资源，以期取得长期有效和可持续的环境和社会绩效。 + + +18. 客户组织内部直接对项目的社会和环境绩效负责的人员必须拥有完成工作所需的知识、技能 和经验，包括了解东道国当前监管法规以及《绩效标准 1 到 8》的要求。这些人员还必须掌握在 ESMS 管理系统要求下实施具体措施与行动的知识、技能和经验，以及熟练有效地实施这些行动所要 求的方法。 + + +19. 风险和影响的识别过程应包括由称职的专业人士所提供的充分、准确、客观的评价和演示。 对于可能产生潜在重大不利影响或存在技术难题的项目，客户可能需要聘请外部专家来协助风险和影 响识别过程。 +应急准备和反应 +20. 如果项目涉及有可能产生影响的被具体识别的物理元素、方面和设施，ESMS 管理系统应建 立并维护一个应急准备和反应系统，以便客户能与合适的相关第三方合作，对项目中突发性事故和紧 急情况做好准备和应对，并以适当的方式防止和降低对人和/或环境造成任何伤害。应急准备工作应包 括确定事故和紧急情况可能发生的区域、可能受到影响的社区和个人、反应程序、备用设备和资源、 + + + +22 行动计划可能包含一份执行一套减缓措施或主题行动计划（如移民安置行动计划或生物多样性行动计划）所需要 的总体环境和社会行动计划。行动计划可以是为弥补现有管理方案中的缺陷以确保与《绩效标准》一致而制定的计 划，或者也可能是具体描述减缓战略的独立计划。“行动计划”这个词在某些专业实践领域中被理解为管理计划或 开发计划。这种情况有很多例子，包括各种类型的环境和社会管理计划。 + + +指定责任、与可能受影响的社区及其他方之间的沟通，以及定期的培训等等，以确保有效的应急反应。 应急准备和反应活动应视需要进行定期审查和修改，以反映不断变化的情况。 + + +21. 在条件适用的情况下，客户还应协助可能受影响的社区（参见《绩效标准 4》）以及地方政 府部门，并与他们合作，准备有效的应急措施（尤其在它们的参与和合作对确保有效应对是必不可少 的情况下）。如果地方政府部门有效应对的能力很低或几乎没有，客户应在项目相关的应急准备和反 应中发挥积极的作用。客户还应将其应急准备和反应活动措施、资源和责任进行备案，并向可能受影 响的社区和有关政府部门提供适当的信息。 + + +监督和审查 +22. 客户应建立一套程序，以监督和衡量管理方案的有效性以及是否符合相关的法律法规和/或合 同义务的要求。如果政府或其他第三方有责任管理具体风险和影响及相关缓解措施，客户应在建立和 监督这些缓解措施上予以协作。在适当的情况下，客户应考虑请受影响社区的代表来参与监督活动 23。 客户应指派适当层次的内部人员主管相关的监督工作。对于具有重大影响的项目，客户应聘用外部专 家核查其监督信息。监督的程度应与项目的环境和社会风险和影响相适，并与合规要求相符。 + + +23. 除了记录信息以跟踪绩效并建立相关的运营控制机制以外，客户还应使用动态的机制，比如 在相关的情况下进行内部检查和审计，以核实合规情况及其面向期望目标的进展情况。监督工作通常 应包括记录信息以跟踪绩效，并与之前制定的基准或管理方案的要求相比较。监督工作还应根据过往 绩效和相关监管部门的要求进行调整。客户应记录监督结果，确定必要的纠错与预防行动并将它们反 映在修改后的管理方案和计划中。客户还应与适当的相关第三方合作，实施这些纠错与预防行动，并 在接下来的监督周期中跟踪这些行动以确保它们的有效性。 + + +24. 客户组织中的高级管理层应定期收到根据系统性的数据收集和分析所得到的 ESMS 管理系统 有效性的绩效审查报告。报告的频率和范围应取决于所监督的活动的性质和范围，而这些行动应是根 据客户的 ESMS 管理系统和其它适用的项目要求来确定并予以实施的。根据这些绩效审查的结果，高 级管理层应采取必要和适当的步骤以保证客户的政策目的已经实现，而且有关的程序、惯例和计划正 在得以实施并且行之有效。 +利益相关者的参与 +25. 利益相关者的参与是建立牢固的、有建设性的、响应积极的关系的基础，而这种关系对成功 地管理一个项目的环境和社会影响至关重要 24。利益相关者的参与是一个长期持续的过程，可能不同 程度地涉及下列因素：利益相关者分析和计划、信息披露和传播、磋商和参与、投诉机制以及对受影 + + + + +23 例如，参与水质监督。 +24 有关员工参与和相关投诉补偿程序的要求详见“绩效标准 2”。 + + +响社区的持续汇报。利益相关者参与的性质、频率和力度可以因项目不同而有很大差异，但应与项目 的风险和不利影响及项目的发展阶段相适应。 + + +利益相关者分析和参与计划 +26. 客户应识别可能对他们的行为感兴趣的利益相关者的范围，并考虑外部沟通会如何促进与所 +有利益相关者的对话（见下文第 34 段）。如果项目涉及有可能对受影响社区产生不利的环境和社会影 响的、能被明确识别的物理元素、方面和/或设施，客户应确定受影响社区并符合以下的相关要求。 + + +27. 客户则应制定并实施一个《利益相关者参与计划》，该计划应根据项目风险和影响及发展阶 段，并根据受影响社区的特点和利益定制。在条件适用的情况下，这个计划还应包括区别对待的措施， 以保证那些被认为处于不利或弱势地位的利益相关者也能有效地参与。当利益相关者参与过程在很大 程度上取决于社区代表时 25，客户应尽可能验证这些代表确实能代表受影响的社区的意见，并且可以 信赖他们向其所代表的团体真实地传达磋商结果。 + + +28. 如果项目的具体地点暂时不详，但根据可靠预测将会对本地社区造成严重的影响的项目，客 户则应制定一个利益相关者参与框架并纳入到管理方案中，列出识别受影响的社区和其他相关的利益 相关者的基本准则和战略，并根据本《绩效标准》计划一个参与程序。一旦获知项目的地点，就可以 实施该参与程序。 + + +信息披露 +29. 项目的相关信息的披露有助于受影响的社区和其他利益相关者了解项目的风险、影响和机遇。 +客户应向受影响社区公开披露以下相关信息 26 ：（1）项目的目的、性质和规模的信息；（2）拟议项 目活动的期限；（3）对社区构成的任何风险或潜在影响以及相关的减缓措施；（4）预想的利益相关 者参与过程；（5）投诉机制。 + + +磋商 +30. 如果受影响的社区可能要承受一个项目所造成的并已被识别的风险和不利影响，客户应开展 磋商过程，为受影响社区提供机会，让他们表达对项目风险、影响和减缓措施的看法，允许客户加以 考虑并提供反馈。磋商过程的参与范围和程度应与项目的风险和不利影响以及受影响社区提出的担忧 相称。有效的磋商是一个双向过程，应该：（1）在环境和社会风险与影响的识别过程早期开始，并与 风险和影响出现的同时持续进行；（2）事先披露和传播相关的、透明的、客观的、有意义的和易于获 + +25 例如，社区和宗教领袖、地方政府代表、公民社会代表、政界人士、学校老师和/或其他能代表受影响的利益相关 团体的代表。 +26 取决于项目的规模和风险与影响的严重程度，相关文件可以是全面的环境和社会评估报告和行动计划（即利益相 关者参与计划，移民安置行动计划，生物多样性行动计划，有害物质管理计划，应急准备和反应计划，社区健康和 安全计划以及土著居民发展计划等），也可以是易于理解的有关关键问题和承诺的概述。这些文件也可能包括客户 的环境和社会政策，以及在由融资方进行独立的尽职调查后要求采取的补充措施和行动。 + + +取的信息，而这些信息应以文化上适当的当地语言和形式提供，并可以被受影响社区所理解；（3）相 对于非直接受影响社区，注重直接受影响社区的包容性的参与磋商 27；（4）不受外部操纵、干预、胁 迫或恐吓；（5）在可行的情况下，促成有意义的参与；并且（6）进行文档备案。客户应按照受影响 的社区使用的语言、他们的决策过程以及处境不利或弱势群体的需求来调整磋商过程。如果客户已经 开展了这样的磋商过程，他们应提供充足的书面证明。 + + +知情磋商和参与 +31. 对受影响的社区可能造成严重不利影响的项目，客户应开展知情磋商和参与（ICP）过程，该 过程建立在上述磋商中所列的步骤基础上，让受影响社区在知情的情况下参与磋商。知情磋商和参与 包含深入交换意见和信息，有组织的反复磋商，最终使得客户在决策过程中能考虑到受影响社区在对 他们产生直接影响的问题上的看法，比如有关提议中的减缓措施、发展效益和机会的共享、以及实施 当中的问题等等。磋商过程应（1）同时获得男性和女性参与者的意见，在必要情况下通过单独的论坛 或沟通渠道进行磋商，并且（2）反映男性和女性参与者对影响、减缓措施和效益方面不同的关注点和 优先考虑事项。客户应对磋商过程进行文档备案，特别是要备案那些为避免对受影响社区造成风险与 不利影响或使之降到最小而采取的措施，并告知受影响社区他们的担忧是如何被考虑的。 + + +土著居民 +32. 对土著居民造成不利影响的项目，要求客户与土著居民进行沟通，包括一个知情磋商和参与 过程，并在某些特定情况下，要求客户征得土著居民自由的、事先的和知情的同意（FPIC）。有关土 著居民的要求和要求 FPIC 的特殊情况定义在《绩效标准 7》中有详细描述。 + + +私营部门在政府主导下的利益相关者参与过程中的责任 +33. 如果利益相关者的参与过程是东道国政府的责任，客户应与政府负责部门合作，并在该部门 允许的情况下，尽可能取得与本《绩效标准》目标相一致的结果。另外，如果政府的能力有限，客户 应在利益相关者参与的计划、实施和监测过程中发挥积极作用。如果政府进行的参与过程不能达到本 +《绩效标准》的相关要求，客户应进行补充的参与过程，并在适当情况下确定补充行动。 + + +外部沟通和投诉机制 +外部沟通 +34. 客户应实施并维护一套外部沟通程序，其中包括以下方法：（1）接收并登记来自公众的外部 沟通；（2）筛选并评估沟通中所提出的问题并决定如何处理；（3） 提供、跟踪并记录答复（如果 有）；以及（3）在需要的情况调整管理计划。另外，鼓励客户定期公布他们的环境和社会可持续性报 告。 + + + +27 例如，男人，女人，老人，年轻人，移民，以及处境不利或弱势的个人或群体。 + + +受影响社区的投诉机制 +35. 如果存在受到影响的社区，客户应建立投诉机制，用于接收并解决受影响社区对客户环境和 社会绩效的提出的问题和投诉。投诉机制应根据项目的风险和不利影响来制定，并把受影响社区作为 其首要用户。它应采用文化上适当的、方便投诉者的、易于理解的、透明的磋商程序，迅速处理投诉 的问题，而同时不应对提出问题的投诉方收取任何费用或予以任何惩罚。投诉机制不应阻碍投诉方寻 求司法或行政补救措施。客户应在利益相关者的参与过程中告知受影响社区有关这个机制的信息。 + + +向受影响社区持续报告 +36. 客户应向受影响社区提供定期报告，描述有关受影响社区在执行项目行动计划的过程中持续 面临的风险或影响问题，以及磋商过程或投诉机制中所确认的受影响社区的关注点。如果管理方案实 质性地改变或增加了缓解措施或行动计划中有关解决受影响社区关注问题的行动，应将这些相关缓解 措施或行动的更新情况传达给他们。这些报告的频率应与受影响社区的关注问题成比例，但不可少于 每年一次。 + +简介 + +1. 《绩效标准 2》认识到，通过创造就业和产生收入来促进经济增长的同时应保护员工的基本权益 1。 对任何企业来说，劳动力是宝贵的财富，良好的劳资关系是企业可持续发展的重要因素。如果不能建 立和维护良好的劳资关系，可能会削弱员工的忠诚度和留职率，并可能危及到项目。相反，通过有建 设性的劳资关系，通过公平对待员工，并给他们提供安全和健康的工作条件，客户就有可能创造客观 的效益，比如增强运营效率和生产力。 + +2. 本绩效标准的要求部分参照了一些国际公约和法规的指导，包括国际劳工组织（ILO）和联合国 +（UN）的公约和法规 2。 + +目标 + + 促进员工的公平待遇、不受歧视和平等机会。 + 建立、维护并改善劳资关系。 + 促进对项目所在国就业和劳工法的遵守。 + 保护员工，包括员工中的脆弱群体，如儿童、外来务工者、第三方雇用的员工和客户供 应链中的员工。 + 促进安全和健康的工作条件以及员工健康。 + 避免使用强迫劳工。 + +适用范围 + +3. 本绩效标准的适用范围在环境和社会风险及影响的确认过程中确定，为达到本绩效标准要求所必 需实施的行动应通过客户的环境和社会管理系统加以管理，该管理系统的要素见《绩效标准 1》。 + +4. 本绩效标准的适用范围取决于客户和员工之间的雇佣关系类型。它适用于客户直接雇用的员工， 由第三方雇用、在相当长的时间内从事与项目的核心业务过程 3相关的员工（合同员工），以及客户主 要供应商雇用的员工（供应链员工）4。 + +直接员工 +5. 对于客户直接雇用的员工，客户应遵照本绩效标准第 8 至 23 条的要求。 + + + + +1 根据脚注 2 中所列的国际劳工组织公约的指导。 +2 这些公约包括： +《国际劳工组织关于结社自由和保护组织权利的第 87 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于组织权利和集体谈判权利的第 98 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于强迫劳动的第 29 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于废除强迫劳动的第 105 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于最低（就业）年龄的第 138 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于禁止和立即行动消除最有害的童工形式的第 182 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于同等薪酬的第 100 号公约》 +《国际劳工组织关于（就业和职业）歧视的第 111 号公约》 +《联合国儿童权利公约》第 32 款第 1 条 +《联合国保护所有移民工人及其家庭成员权利公约》 +3 核心业务过程是指那些对某一商业活动至关重要的生产和/或服务过程，没有这些业务过程，商业活动则不可能继 续。 +4 主要供应商是那些在持续的基础上为项目的核心业务过程提供货物或原料的供应商。 + + +合同员工 +6. 对于合同员工，客户应遵照本绩效标准第 23 至 26 条的要求。 + +供应链员工 +7. 对于供应链的员工，客户应遵照本绩效标准第 27 至 29 条的要求。 + +要求 +工作条件和员工关系管理 + +人力资源政策和程序 +8. 客户应采用并实施与其规模和员工队伍相称的人力资源政策和程序，这些政策和程序规定了符合 本绩效标准和国家法律要求的管理员工方法。 + +9. 在工作关系开始时以及发生任何实质性变化时，客户应向员工提供清楚易懂的有关员工权利的书 面信息，这些权利为根据国家劳工和就业法以及任何适用的集体性协议员工应享有的权利，包括工作 时间、工资、加班、薪酬和福利方面的权利。 + + +工作条件和雇用条款 +10. 如果客户与某个员工组织达成一项集体谈判协议，客户应遵照该协议。如果不存在这样的协议， 或者协议中没有规定工作条件和雇用条款 5，客户应提供合理的工作条件和雇用条款 6。 + +11. 客户应确定外来务工者，并确保他们的雇用条款和条件与从事类似工作的本地职工基本相当。 + +12. 如果为本绩效标准适用范围内的员工提供食宿 7，客户应制定并实施食宿和基本服务 8供应的质量 和管理政策。在提供食宿服务时，必须遵守非歧视性和机会平等的原则。员工的食宿安排不得限制员 工行动或结社自由。 + + +员工组织 +13. 如果项目所在国法律承认员工有自由、不受干涉地组建并参加员工组织以及进行集体谈判的权利， 客户应遵守国家法律。如果国家法律在实质上限制员工组织，客户不得限制员工通过其它机制表达他 们的申诉意愿，并保护他们在工作条件和雇用条款方面的权利。客户不得影响或控制这些机制。 + +14. 在本绩效标准第 13 条描述的任何一种情况下，如果国家法律没有做出规定，客户不应阻碍员工选 举员工代表、组建或参加自行选择的员工组织或进行集体谈判，不应对参加或寻求参加员工组织和集 体谈判的员工歧视对待或报复。客户应与员工代表和员工组织进行沟通，及时向他们提供有意义的谈 判所需信息。员工组织应该是全体员工的公平代表。 + + + + +5 工作条件和雇用条款包括工资和福利；工资扣除；工作时间；加班安排和加班报酬；工休时间；休息时间；病假、 产假、休假或节假日。 +6 合理的工作条件和雇用条款可参照以下方面进行评估：（1）在工作所在地区/区域同行业中所规定的工作条件； +（2）集体协议或其它员工组织和该行业工人代表之间的其它认可的谈判；（3）仲裁判决；或（4）国家法律规定 的条件。 +7 这些服务可以由客户或第三方直接提供。 +8 基本服务要求指最小空间，供水，充足的污水和垃圾处理系统，适当保护以免受热、冷、潮湿、噪音、火灾和携 带疾病的动物的影响，足够的卫生和洗浴设施，通风、烹饪和储存设备，自然和人工照明，以及某些情况下提供基 本医疗保健服务。 + + +非歧视和平等机会 +15. 客户不得根据与工作内在要求无关的个人特性 9做出雇用的决定。客户的雇用关系应本着机会平等 和公平对待的原则，不得在雇用关系和纪律措施中的任何方面存在歧视，包括招聘和雇用、薪酬（包 括工资和福利）、工作条件和雇用条款、培训机会、工作指派、升职、解雇或退休。客户应采取措施 防止并解决对员工的骚扰、恐吓和/或剥削，特别是对女性员工。非歧视性原则也适用于外来务工者。 + +16. 如果所在国法律规定了在雇用中的非歧视性条款，客户应遵照国家法律。当国家法律没有非歧视 性雇用的规定时，客户应遵照本绩效标准。如果国家法律与本绩效标准不一致，客户应本着与上述第 15 条的意愿一致、在不触犯相关法律的前提下行事。 + + +17. 为弥补过去的歧视而采取的特殊保护或帮助措施，或基于某一特定工作的内在要求而选择人选， 只要这些做法符合国家法律，将不会视为歧视。 + + +减支裁员 +18. 在实施集体解雇之前 10，客户应对裁员的替代方案进行分析 11。如果分析之后无法找到可行的裁 员替代方案，将制定并实施减裁计划，该计划的制定和实施应本着缓解裁员对员工不利影响的原则。 裁减计划应基于非歧视性的原则，并应反映客户与员工、员工组织以及在适用情况下与政府磋商的结 果，如果存在集体谈判协议，还应符合这些协议。客户应遵照所有法律和合同要求通知公共部门，向 员工及其组织提供信息，并进行磋商。 + +19. 客户应确保所有员工及时获得解雇通知以及按法律和集体协议规定所应得的遣散费。所有拖欠工 资和社会保障福利以及养老金缴款和福利应当（1）在工作关系结束时或之前支付；（2）在适当情况 下，支付给员工的受益人；或（3）根据集体协议达成的时间表支付。如果付款给了员工的受益人，应 该向员工提供付款凭证。 + +申诉机制 +20. 客户应向员工（及员工组织，如有）提供申诉机制，以便员工提出工作方面的申诉。客户应在招 聘时告知员工申诉机制的信息，并确保员工容易使用申诉机制。申诉机制应包括有适当的管理层负责 处理申诉，并对申诉迅速给予回复，使用易于理解和透明的程序，及时向申诉者提供反馈，对申诉者 不应有任何惩罚报复。这种机制也应该允许匿名投诉，确保匿名投诉会得到处理。申诉机制不应阻碍 员工通过其它司法或行政途径寻求补救措施，这些措施可能是根据法律或现有的仲裁程序来获取，或 通过集体协议提供的其它投诉机制。 + +劳动力保护 +童工 +21. 客户不得以任何经济上剥削，或可能危及或妨碍儿童教育，或对儿童身体健康、智力、精神、伦 +理或社会发展有害的方式雇佣童工。客户应确定其员工中没有年龄低于 18 岁的人。如果所在国法律对 雇用未成年人有规定，客户应遵照适用的法律。不得雇用 18 岁以下的儿童从事危险性工作 12。所有 18 岁以下雇员从事的工作都需要进行适当的风险评估和常规的健康、工作条件和工作时间监督 。 + + +9 如性别、种族、国籍、民族、社会和土著出身、宗教或信仰、残疾、年龄或性取向。 +10 集体解雇包括所有由于经济、技术或机构原因进行的多人解雇；或其它与个人绩效或其它个人原因无关的原因进 行的多人解雇。 +11 替代方案可能包括：经协商的减少工作时间方案、员工能力建设方案、低产期间的长期保持工作方案等。 +12 危险工作活动包括以下情况：（1）遭受身体、心理或性虐待的工作；（2）地下、水下、高空或禁闭空间内的工 作；（3）涉及危险的机器、设备或工具的工作，或需要搬运重物；（4）在不健康的环境中，员工可能接触到对健 康有危害的危险物质、媒介、加工过程、温度、噪音或震动；或（5）处于困难条件，如长时间工作、熬夜或被雇 主禁闭。 + + +强迫劳工 +22. 客户不得使用强迫劳工，包括任何个人在武力或惩罚的威胁下非自愿提供的任何工作或服务。这 包括任何类型的非自愿或强迫性劳工，例如契约劳工、包身工或类似的劳动合约性质的劳动安排。客 户不得雇用遭贩卖的人口 13。 + +职业健康和安全 + +23. 客户应为员工提供一个安全和健康的工作环境，并考虑到客户工作区域内特定行业和具体危险类 工作固有的风险，包括物理性、化学性、生物性和放射性危险，以及针对女性的特殊危险。客户应采 取措施，通过在合理情况下尽可能降低致险因素来预防工作中发生或与工作有关的事故、伤害和疾病。 客户应以符合良好国际行业惯例的方式 14（参见各种国际认可的惯例，包括世界银行集团的《环境、 健康和安全指南》）采取以下措施：（1）确定对员工可能构成的危险，特别是威胁生命的危险；（2） 提供预防和保护措施，包括改变、替代或消除危险状况或材料；（3）对员工提供培训；（4）记录并 报告发生的职业性事故、疾病和事件；（5）提供应急预防、准备和应对安排。有关应急准备和应对的 更多信息参见《绩效标准 1》。 + +第三方雇用的员工 +24. 对于合同员工，客户应采取商业上合理的行动来确保雇用这些员工的第三方是具有信誉的合法企 +业，并有适当的环境和社会管理系统，令企业的运营符合本绩效标准的要求，但第 18-19 条和第 27- +29 条的要求除外。 + +25. 客户应制定管理监督方面的政策和程序，以确保第三方雇主的绩效达到本绩效标准的要求。此外， 客户应采用商业上合理的行为把这些要求纳入与第三方雇主的合同协议中。 + +26. 对于本绩效标准第 24 和 25 条中所述的合同员工，客户应确保他们可获得申诉机制。如果第三方 无法提供申诉机制，客户应允许第三方雇用的员工使用自己的申诉机制。 + +供应链 +27. 如果主要供应链中存在很高的雇用童工或强迫劳动的风险 15，客户应根据上述第 21 和 22 条来识 别这些风险。如果雇用童工和强迫劳动问题得到识别，客户应采取适当措施纠正这些问题。客户应持 续监控其主要供应链以发现供应链中的任何重大变化，如果发现新的雇用童工和/或强迫劳动风险或问 题，客户应采取适当措施予以纠正。 + +28. 此外，如果供应商雇用的员工存在重大安全问题，客户应采取程序和缓解措施，确保供应链中的 主要供应商采取措施来预防或纠正威胁员工生命的情形。 + +29. 客户能否完全应对这些风险的能力将取决与客户对其主要供应商的管理控制或影响程度。如果这 些风险无法纠正，客户应在一定时间内将项目的主要供应链转向那些可以证明他们符合本绩效标准的 供应商。 + + + + + +13 贩卖人口是指为了金钱目的，通过威胁或使用武力或其它胁迫、绑架、欺诈、欺骗、滥用权利或利用对方的弱势 地位，或通过给予或接受金钱或利益来获得对他人的控制权，来进行的人口招募、运送、转移、藏匿或接受活动。 妇女和儿童尤其容易成为贩卖人口的目标。 +14 定义为在全球或地区同样或类似环境下进行同类工作的有经验的专业人士在合理预期中应当采取的专业技能、尽 职、谨慎和远见。 +15 潜在的雇佣童工和强迫劳动的风险将根据《绩效标准 1》的要求在风险和影响确认过程中得到确定。 + + +简介 + +1. 《绩效标准 3》认识到，随着经济发展和城市化步伐的加快，空气污染、水污染和土壤污染日益 严重，及其对有限资源的消耗方式可能会给当地、区域和全球人类健康和环境造成危害 1。全球逐渐达 成共识，认识到当前以及未来的温室气体（GHG）浓度将会危及当代人以及后代的公共卫生和福利。 与此同时，更具效率和效力的资源利用和污染防治 2以及温室气体减排技术和惯例基本上在全球各地都 得以推广和应用。与旨在提高质量或生产率的方法类似，这些技术和惯例往往是通过大多数工业、农 业及服务部门公司所熟悉的持续改进方法来实施。 + +2. 本绩效标准在项目层面制定了一个提高资源效率和污染防治的方法，该方法与全球通用技术与方 法相一致。此外，本绩效标准还促进私营部门在项目中采用这些技术和惯例的能力，只要在利用现有 商业技术和资源的特定项目环境下，这些技术和惯例的采用是可行的。 + +目标 + + 通过避免或在最大程度上降低项目活动所产生的污染来避免或在最大程度上降低对 人类健康和环境造成的不利影响。 + 促进资源（包括能源和水资源）的可持续利用。 + 减少与项目相关的温室气体排放。 + +适用范围 + +3. 本绩效标准的适用范围在环境和社会风险及影响的确认过程中确立，为达到本绩效标准要求所必 需实施的行动应通过客户的环境和社会管理系统加以管理。该管理系统的要素见《绩效标准 1》。 + +要求 + +4. 在项目周期中，客户应考虑环境条件，采用技术和财务上均可行的资源效率和防治污染原则和最 适当的技术，来避免对人类健康和环境造成不利影响，如不可避免，则在最大程度上降低影响 3。在项 目周期中采用的原则和技术应根据与项目性质相关的危害和风险进行有针对性的定制，并应遵循各种 国际认可原则（包括世界银行集团的《环境、健康与安全指南》（简称《EHS指南》））中所体现的 良好国际行业惯例（GIIP）4。 + +5. 在评估和选择项目的资源效率及污染防治和控制技术时，客户应参考《EHS 指南》或其他国际认 可的原则。《EHS 指南》含有一般情况下项目可以接受并且适用的绩效水平和衡量标准。如果东道国 的法规要求与《EHS 指南》中规定的绩效水平和衡量标准不同，则客户应以要求较为严格者为准。如 果根据特定项目的情况，采用比《EHS 指南》中规定的绩效水平或衡量标准较低的要求更为适当，客 + + + +1 就本绩效标准而言，“污染”一词是指以固态、液态或气态形式存在的危险和无危险化学污染物，还可包含其他 形式的污染物，例如虫害、病菌、对水体的热量排放、温室气体排放、异味、噪音、振动、辐射、电磁能量以及可 能造成的视觉影响（包括光）。 +2 就本绩效标准而言，“污染防治”一词并不是指绝对消除污染物的排放，而是在源头上尽可能避免排放，如果不 可避免，则在最大程度上降低污染，以符合本绩效标准规定的目标。 +3 “技术可行性”的依据是：拟议的措施和行动是否能够利用现有商业技术、设备和材料来实施，同时考虑当地的 主要因素，例如气候、地理、基础设施、安全、治理、能力以及运营可靠性等。“财务可行性”的依据是商业考量， 包括采用这些措施和行动的增量成本与项目的投资、运营和维护成本相比的大小。 +4良好国际行业惯例（GIIP）是指：熟练而有经验的专业人员在全球或区域相似情况下进行同类活动时所表现出的 +专业技能、努力程度、谨慎程度和预见力。这种惯例是针对具体项目采用的最适当的技术。 + + +户应在环境和社会风险及影响确认过程中为任何拟议的替代标准提供充分且详细的合理性证明。其中 必须证明，选择替代性绩效水平符合本绩效标准的目标。 + +资源效率 +6. 客户应实施在技术和财务上可行并且具有成本效益 5的措施，以提高其在能源、水资源以及其它资 源消耗和材料投入方面的利用效率，重点关注核心商业活动。此类措施应以节约原材料、能源和水资 源为目标，将清洁生产原则纳入到产品设计和产品生产当中。如果有基准数据可用，客户应进行对比， 以建立相对效率水平。 + +温室气体 +7. 除了上述资源效率措施以外，客户还应考虑实施在技术和财务上可行并且具有成本效益的其它替 代措施，以降低项目设计和运营期间与项目相关的温室气体排放。这些措施可能包括，但不仅限于， 项目备用选址、采用可再生或低碳能源、可持续的农林牧管理模式、减少溢散排放及喷焰燃烧。 + +8. 对于预计每年将产生或目前产生 25,000 吨以上二氧化碳当量的项目 6，客户应量化项目实际范围 内所拥有或控制的设施的直接排放量 7，包括为了满足项目的能源需求而在项目场所外进行的活动 8所 带来的间接排放量。客户应按照国际通行的方法和良好惯例每年确定一次温室气体排放量 9。 + +水资源消耗 +9. 如果项目可能消耗大量水资源，则除了需要满足本绩效标准有关资源效率的要求之外，客户还应 采取措施来避免或减少耗水量，使项目不至于对他人造成重大不利影响。此类措施包括，但不限于： 在客户的项目运营过程中使用技术上可行的节水措施、使用替代水源、用水补偿方案来把水使用量降 低至不超过可供应量，以及评估其它项目选点。 + +污染防治 +10. 客户应避免排放污染物，如果无法避免，则应在最大程度上减少和/或控制污染物排放的强度和总 量。这一要求适用于在正常、非正常运行以及意外情况下释放到大气、水体以及土壤之中并可能造成 当地、区域或跨境影响的污染物 10。如果存在土地或地下水污染等历史性污染情况，客户应确定是否 有责任采取应对措施。如果客户确定在这方面负有法律责任，则应按照所在国家的法律来承担治理责 任；如果该国法律未涉及此类责任，则按照良好国际行业惯例来处理 11。 + +11. 为了应对项目可能对现有周边环境造成的不利影响 12，客户应考虑各种相关因素，其中包括：（1） 当前的环境条件；（2）有限的环境容量 13；（3）当前以及未来的土地使用情况；（4）项目地点是否 + +5 成本效益根据资金和运营成本以及拟采纳措施在其整个周期中所能带来的经济效益来确定。就本绩效标准而言， 如果措施的投资回报（已包含风险系数）预计至少能达到项目本身的投资回报水平，那么拟采纳措施就将被视为具 有成本效益。 +6 在确定排放量时，应考虑所有重要的温室气体排放源，其中包括非能源相关的排放源，例如甲烷和一氧化二氮等。 +7 由项目引起的土壤碳含量或地上生物质的变化，以及项目引起的有机物衰减，可能构成直接排放源的一部分，如 果预计这种排放量是大规模的，在确定排放量时应将其考虑进去。 +8 指项目所在地点之外由项目中使用电力、供热或制冷等能源产生的排放量。 +9 估算方法由政府间气候变化委员会、各种国际组织以及东道国的相关机构提供。 +10 跨境污染物包括《远距离越境空气污染公约》所涵盖的污染物。 +11 这可能需要与国家和地方政府、社区以及其它污染责任方进行协调。并且任何评估都应基于风险的方法，以及与 世界银行集团《环境、健康与安全指南》中所反映的良好国际行业惯例一致。 +12 如空气、地表水和地下水以及土壤。 +13 环境吸收增量污染物并使污染物水平保持在某一阈值（超出此阈值则可能给人类健康和环境造成不可接受的风险） 以下的能力。 + + +靠近具有重要生物多样性意义的地区；以及（5）是否具有潜在的累积性影响而造成不确定和/或不可 逆转的后果。除了适用本绩效标准中要求的资源效率和污染控制措施之外，如果项目在已经出现环境 退化的区域中可能构成一个重大的污染物排放源，则客户还应考虑采取额外战略和措施来避免或减少 负面影响。此类战略包括但不限于对项目的备选地点以及排放抵消情况进行评估。 + +废弃物 +12. 客户应避免产生危险或无危险的废弃物。在无法避免的情况下，客户应减少废弃物的产生，并以 对人类健康和环境安全无害的方式进行回收和重新利用。如果废弃物无法回收或重新利用，客户应以 对环境无害的方式对其进行处理、销毁或处置，其中包括适当控制在运输和废弃物处理过程中产生的 排放物和残留物。如果产生的废弃物被认为具有危险性 14，客户应采取符合良好国际行业惯例的替代 方案来进行对环境无害的处理，同时遵守适用于该废弃物的跨境转移的相关限制 15。如果危险性废弃 物的处理由第三方执行，客户应选用信誉良好的合法企业作为承包商，而且所用的承包商应获得相关 政府监管机构的许可,并需要取得直达最终处置地的处置链文件证明。客户应确认持证废物处理场是否 按照可接受的标准进行运营并确认其位置。如果废物处理场不符合要求，客户应减少送往此类处理场 的废物量并考虑替代的处理方案，其中包括考虑在项目地点建立自己的回收或处理设施的可能性。 + +危险品管理 +13. 项目的原材料有时会使用危险品，项目也可能生产危险品。客户应避免危险品的释放，如果不可 避免，则在最大程度上减少和控制危险品的释放。在这种情况下，应对项目活动中危险品的生产、运 输、处置、存储以及使用情况进行评估。在制造过程或其它运营中需要使用危险品的情况下，客户应 考虑使用危险性较小的替代品。客户应避免制造、交易或使用化学品和危险品 16。由于这些化学品和 危险品的生物毒性太高、在环境中长久留存、可能在生物体内积累、可能破坏臭氧层等而在国际上被 禁用或逐步淘汰。 + +农药的使用和管理 +14. 客户应针对具有重大经济影响的虫害和对公共健康有重大影响的疾病传播媒介制定并实施虫害综 合管理 (IPM) 和/或病媒综合管理 (IVM) 方法。客户的 IPM 和 IVM 计划应协调使用虫害和环境信息并 结合可用的虫害控制方法，包括文化习俗、生物、基因方法，以及在最后选择下使用化学途径，来防 止造成重大经济影响的虫害及/或对人畜的疾病传播。 + +15. 如果虫害管理活动中涉及使用化学农药，客户应选择对人体毒性较小、已知对目标物种有效并且 对非目标物种和环境影响最小的化学农药。当客户选择化学农药时，应基于以下要求：农药需包装在 安全的容器里、要明确标识安全和正确的使用方法，农药必须是由当前获得相关监管机构许可的实体 生产的。 + +16. 客户应设计农药应用机制，以（1）避免对目标害虫的天敌的损害，如不可避免，则在最大程度上 减少损害，并（2）避免害虫和病菌携带者产生抗药性的相关风险，如不可避免，则在最大程度上降低 风险。此外，农药的运输、储存、施药和处置应遵循粮农组织的《农药销售和使用国际行为守则》或 其它良好国际行业惯例。 + + +17. 对于世界卫生组织建议的 1a 类（极度危险）或 1b 类（高度危险）的农药，客户不得购买、存储、 使用、制造或买卖。对于 II 类（中度危险）产品，除非项目对这类化学品的制造、采购或分配及/或使 + + + +14 由国际公约或当地法律界定。 +15 危险品的跨境转移应遵循国家、区域和国际法律，包括《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约》以及 +《防止倾倒废弃物及其它物质污染海洋的伦敦公约》 +16 符合《关于持久性有机污染物的斯德哥尔摩公约》以及《关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书》的目标。类似 考虑适用于世界卫生组织所划分的某些类别的农药。 + + +用有适当的控制，客户不得购买、储存、使用、制造或买卖此类产品。此类化学品不得经手给那些没 有经过适当培训、没有设备和设施来正确运输、储存、施药和处置这些产品的人员。 + + +简介 + +1. 《绩效标准 4》认识到，项目活动、设备和基础设施建设可能增加对社区的风险和影响。此外， 已经受到气候变化影响的社区可能还会因项目活动出现影响加速和/或激化的情况。在认识到政府部门 在促进公众健康与安全方面的作用的同时，本绩效标准界定了客户在避免或尽量降低因项目活动对社 区健康、安全和治安方面的风险和影响的责任，特别需要关注弱势群体。 + + +2. 在冲突或冲突后的地区，本绩效标准中所述的风险和影响程度可能会更大。项目可能使本来已经 敏感的当地状况更加恶化并使当地的稀缺资源更加紧张，这些风险不应被忽视，因为这可能导致进一 步的冲突。 + +目标 + + 预期并避免受影响的社区在项目周期中因例行和非例行情况而遭受健康与安全的负 面影响。 + 根据相关的人权准则并以避免或在最大程度上降低受影响社区风险的方式来保护人 员和财产的安全。 + +适用范围 + +3. 本绩效标准的适用范围在环境和社会风险及影响的确认过程中确定，为达到本绩效标准要求所需 采取行动应通过客户的环境和社会管理系统来实施。该系统的要素见《绩效标准 1》。 + +4. 本绩效标准旨在应对项目活动可能给受影响的社区带来的风险和影响。员工职业健康与安全要求 见《绩效标准 2》，用于避免或在最大程度上降低污染给人类健康和环境造成影响的环境标准见《绩 效标准 3》。 + +要求 +社区健康与安全要求 + +5. 客户应对项目周期内对受影响社区的健康与安全所造成的风险和影响进行评估，并按照国际行业 惯例 1规范，如世界银行集团《环境、健康与安全指南》（EHS 指南）或其它国际认可原则，来制定 预防和控制措施。客户应识别风险和影响，并提出与风险和影响的性质和程度相称的缓解措施。这些 措施将优先避免风险和影响，其后才是在最大程度上降低风险和影响。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +1定义为具有经验技能的专业人员在全球或地区范围内在相同或类似情况下从事同类活动时所采用的专业技能、尽职 +程度、谨慎程度和预见性。 + + +基础设施和设备的设计与安全 +6. 客户应根据国际行业惯例规范来设计、施工、运营和关闭项目的结构要件或组件，并考虑第三方 或受影响社区所受的安全风险。当新的建筑物将对公众开放时，客户应遵循常规原则，考虑公众可能 应运营事故和或/自然灾害受到的潜在增量风险。结构要件应由有资格的专业人员进行设计和施工，并 获得有资质的机构或专业人员的认证或审批。当结构要件或组件，如水坝、尾矿坝或灰池位于高风险 地区，而且一旦出现故障或者功能失常则可能危及社区安全，客户应聘请一位或多位在类似项目中有 相关及得到认可的经验的外部专家（不同于负责设计和施工的人员）尽早地对项目进行评估，并在项 目的开发以及项目设计、施工、运营和关闭的整个过程中进行审查。对于需要在公共道路或其它基础 设施上操作移动设备的项目，客户应力求避免出现与操作此类设备相关的意外事故和对公众造成的人 身伤害。 + +危险品的管理与安全 +7. 客户应避免或最大程度上降低由项目所释放的危险材料及物质对社区造成的潜在风险。如果存在 可能导致公众（包括员工及其家属）面临危险，特别是可能危及生命的情况，客户应实施特殊措施， 通过修改、替换或排除可能导致危险的条件或物质避免或在最大程度上降低风险。如果危险品是现有 项目基础设施或其组件的一部分，客户在关闭项目活动时应采取特殊措施，避免使社区遭受危害。客 户应运用比较经济合理的做法控制危险物品递送以及危险废弃物运输和处置的安全，并应按照《绩效 标准 3》的要求采取各种措施来避免或控制社区遭受农药毒害的风险。 + +生态系统服务功能 +8. 项目对生态功能区的直接影响可能给受影响的社区的健康和安全带来负面影响。就本绩效标准而 言，生态系统功能仅限于《绩效标准 6》第 2 条确定的供给和调控功能。例如，土地使用变化或诸如 湿地、红树和高地森林等能够减轻洪水、滑坡和火灾等自然灾害影响的自然缓冲区的消失，可能加剧 脆弱性以及社区安全方面的风险和影响。自然资源的减少或退化，对淡水 2质量、数量和可用性的负面 影响，可能导致健康方面的风险和影响。在适当和可行的情况下，客户应识别可能因气候变化而加剧 的对生态功能区的风险和潜在影响。客户应尽量避免负面影响，如果影响无法避免，客户应根据《绩 效标准 6》的第 24 和 25 条实施减缓措施。有关对功能区的使用以及限制情况，客户应根据《绩效标 +准 5》的第 25 和 29 条实施减缓措施。 + +社区疾病感染的风险 +9. 客户应避免或在最大程度上降低因项目活动而使社区面临感染各种传染病的风险，包括通过水传 播的、以水为基础的、与水相关的疾病，带菌者传播的疾病以及传染性疾病，同时应考虑弱势群体对 此类疾病不同的感染风险以及更高的敏感性。如果项目影响社区中存在某种地方性疾病，客户应致力 于在项目过程中寻求机会来改善环境状况，从而最大程度地降低发病率。 + +10. 客户应避免或在最大程度上减少因临时性或永久性项目劳工的流入而造成传染病的传播。 + +应急准备和应对 +11. 除《绩效标准 1》中所述的应急准备和应对要求之外，客户还应与受影响的社区、当地政府机构 和其他相关方协作，帮助他们做好应急准备，特别是当他们为应对这种紧急状况有必要进行参与和协 作的情况下。如果当地政府机构没有能力或没有足够的能力作出有效的应对，则客户应在准备和应对 与项目相关的紧急状况方面发挥积极作用。客户应将其应急准备和应对活动、资源以及所负责任记录 备案，并向受影响的社区、相关政府机构和其他相关方披露适当的信息。 + +安保人员 +12. 如果客户直接聘用员工或合同工来为其人员和财产提供安保，则客户应评估其安保安排对项目场 地点内外人员所带来的风险。在作此类安排时，客户应本着比例适当的原则，遵循与此类员工的雇用、 + + +2 淡水是生态功能的一个例子。 + + +行为准则、培训、装备以及监控相关的国际惯例 3规范，并遵守适用的法律。客户应进行合理的调查以 确保提供安保的人员没有前科；对安保人员进行充分的培训，确保其合理地使用武力（包括在适宜的 情况下使用枪支）并且在与员工及受影响的社区接触时行为恰当；客户应要求安保人员遵守适用的法 律。除了根据所受威胁的性质和严重程度而采取相应的预防和防御措施之外，客户不得批准任何使用 武力的行动。客户应设立申诉机制，使受影响的社区能够表达与安保安排及安保人员的行为相关的意 见。 + +13. 因项目使用政府安保人员来提供安保服务的情况下，客户应对因此而造成的风险进行评估，并将 +风险记录备案。客户应力求确保安保人员按照上述第 12 条的要求行事，并鼓励政府负责部门在优先考 虑到不影响安全的前提条件下向公众披露客户设施的安保安排。 + +14. 如果收到有关安保人员非法或滥用武力的指控，客户应考虑所有这些指控并在适当情况下进行调 查，并采取行动（或督促相应的责任方采取行动）防止再次发生类似情况，并将非法和滥用武力的行 为上报有关部门。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +3 包括遵照《联合国执法人员行为守则》和《联合国执法人员使用武力轻武器的基本原则》的惯例。 + + +简介 + +1. 《绩效标准 5 》认识到，与项目有关的土地征用和对土地使用的限制，可能会对使用该土地 的社区和个人造成不利影响。非自愿迁移是指由于与项目有关的土地征用 1和/或土地使用限制而导致 的实体迁移（搬迁或丧失居所）和经济迁移（丧失资产或失去使用资产的渠道，导致丧失收入来源或 其它生计 2）。当受影响的个人或社区无权拒绝土地征用或土地使用限制，从而导致实体或经济迁移 时，则被视为非自愿迁移。它发生在以下情形：（1） 依法征用或对土地使用施加临时性或永久性限 制；（2）经磋商达成解决方案，如果与卖方的磋商失败，买方可强制征用土地或对土地的使用实施合 法限制。 + + +2. 除非加以正确的管理，否则非自愿迁移可能会给受影响的社区和个人带来长期贫困，并在安 置移民的区域造成环境破坏和负面的社会经济影响。基于上述原因，应尽量避免非自愿迁移。但是， 当非自愿迁移无法避免时，应在最大程度上减少迁移，并应缜密规划和实行适当措施，以缓解对迁移 者和东道社区 3的不利影响。政府通常在土地征用和移民安置过程中、包括决定补偿方面发挥着中心 作用，因此在很多情况下政府是重要的第三方。经验证明，客户直接介入移民安置工作能够使这些活 动得到更经济、有效和及时的实施，还可找到一些创新性的方法来改善那些受到迁移影响的人的生活。 + + +3. 为帮助避免强行征用，并消除利用政府职权来强行搬迁的需要，客户应使用磋商解决的办法， 来达到本绩效标准的要求，即使他们拥有无需卖方同意也可取得土地的合法手段。 + +目标 + + 尽量避免造成迁移，如果不可避免，通过采用替代项目设计来最大限度地减少迁移 。 + 避免强行搬迁。 + 通过下列方式预期并避免土地征用或土地使用限制对社会和经济带来的不利影响，如果不可避免， 通过采取以下措施来最大限度地减轻影响：（1）按照重置成本 4为资产损失提供补偿；（2）确 保迁移活动的实施有适当的信息披露、磋商以及受影响者的知情参与。 + 改善或恢复迁移者的生计和生活水平。 + 通过在安置地提供具有租住权保障 5的充足住房来改善实体迁移者的生活条件。 + +使用范围 + +4. 本绩效标准的适用范围在环境和社会风险及影响的确认过程中确定，为达到本绩效标准的要 求所必需实施的行动应通过客户的环境和社会管理系统加以管理。该系统的要素见《绩效标准 1》。 + + +1 土地征用既包括对完全购买产权，也包括购买出入权（如通行权或路权）。 +2 “生计”一词是指个人、家庭和社区用于维持生活的各种方式，例如工资收入、农业、渔业、畜牧业、其它基于 自然资源的生计、小额贸易、以物易物等等。 +3 东道社区是指任何接收移民的社区。 +4 重置成本的定义是资产的市场价值加上交易成本。在应用这一估价方法时，不应考虑建筑物和资产的折旧。市场 价值的定义是受影响社区和个人可以用类似价值的新资产来替换损失资产时所需付出的价值。用于确定重置成本的 估价方法应记录并包含到相应的移民安置和/或生计恢复计划中（见第 18 条和第 25 条）。 +5 租住权保障是指迁移的个人或社区被安置到他们能够合法占有并且免遭驱逐风险的地方。 + + + +5. 本绩效标准适用于下列类型的土地交易所造成实体和/或经济迁移： + + + 根据东道国法律法规，通过征用或其它强制程序取得的土地权或土地使用权； + 通过与财产所有人或对土地拥有合法权利的人磋商达成解决方案，一旦磋商失败， 可通过征用或其它强制程序获得土地权或土地使用权 6； + 项目中存在非自愿的对土地使用限制和对自然资源使用限制的情况，导致社区或社 区内部的群体丧失他们对资源的传统的或受到认可的使用权 7； + 某些项目情形需要驱逐一些土地占用者，而这些人士对该土地的使用权是无正式的、 传统的或受到认可的 8；或者 + 限制进入土地或使用其它资源，包括公共财产和自然资源，如海洋和水资源、木材 和非木材林产品、淡水、药用植物、狩猎和聚集场所、牧场和耕作区域 9。 + +6. 本绩效标准不适用于自愿的土地交易（即市场交易，卖方不是被迫出售，而买方也不能因为 磋商失败而采用东道国法律法规所认可的征用或其它强迫手段）造成的迁移。本绩效标准也不适用于 在项目没有改变受影响群体或社区使用土地的情况下对他们生计的影响 10。 + +7. 如果在项目的任何阶段中对土地、资产或获取资产造成重大不利影响，即使不涉及土地征用 或对土地使用的限制，客户也应遵循本绩效标准的要求。 + +要求 +一般要求 +项目设计 +8. 客户应考虑可行的替代项目设计方案来避免或尽可能减少实体迁移和/或经济迁移，同时使环 境、社会和经济成本与收益达到平衡，尤其应关注对贫困和脆弱群体的影响。 + + +移民补偿和权益 +9. 如迁移不可避免，客户应根据本绩效标准中的规定，按全部重置成本 11补偿迁移社区和个人 的资产损失，并提供援助来帮助他们改善生活水平或恢复生计。补偿标准应当透明，并且受迁移影响 的全部社区和移民均适用统一标准。如迁移者的生计基于土地 12，或者土地由集体所有，客户应在可 行的情况下 13，提供基于土地的补偿。只有在补偿已经安排得当 14，并已向移民提供安置地点和迁移 + +6 本绩效标准还适用于东道国法律已经认可的或可以认可的习惯或传统权利。磋商可以由政府或公司（在某些情况 下，作为政府代理人）来进行。 +7 在这些情况下，受影响的人一般没有正式的资源所有权。这其中可能包括淡水和海洋环境。如果与项目有关的生 态多样性区域或法律指定的缓冲区已建立但客户还未征用，本绩效标准也可能适用。 +8 虽然这些人士对所占用的土地没有正式权属，但本绩效标准要求：保留、替代或补偿他们的非土地资产；迁移过 程应做到保障其使用权；并恢复他们丧失的生计。 +9 本绩效标准中所指的自然资源资产相当于《绩效标准 6》中所描述的生态系统服务。 +10 对社区或群体更为一般性的影响见《绩效标准 1》。例如，个体采矿者获取矿藏的途径受到干扰适用《绩效标准 +1》。 +11 参见第 19 条和第 26 条所述。 +12 “基于土地的生计”包括耕种、畜牧以及收获自然资源等维持生计的活动。 +13 其它要求见本绩效标准第 26 条。 + +适当地分享由项目带来的发展收益。 + + +社区沟通 +10. 客户应通过《绩效标准 1》中所描述的利益相关者沟通程序来与受影响的社区展开沟通，包 括东道社区。在与安置和生计恢复有关的决策过程中应包括选择方案，以及在适用的情况下包括替代 方案。所有相关信息的披露以及受影响社区和个人的参与将在补偿金的计划、实施、监控和评估、生 计恢复活动和安置阶段持续进行，以实现符合本绩效标准目标的结果 16。有关与土著居民的磋商还应 根据《绩效标准 7》的额外条款。 + +申诉机制 +11. 在项目开发阶段，客户应依据《绩效标准 1》尽早建立申诉机制。这将允许客户及时收集移 民或东道社区成员对补偿和安置方案提出的具体意见并予以解决，这其中包括建立一个追诉机制，采 用公正的方式来解决争议。 + +重新安置与恢复生计的计划和实施 +12. 如果非自愿迁移不可避免，或者是作为经磋商的解决方案或者是征用的结果，客户应通过人 口普查来采集适当的社会经济学基础数据，来确定哪些人将受项目影响而迁移，以及哪些人有资格获 得补偿和援助 17，并防止无资格的人获取这些福利，如投机定居者。在东道国政府缺乏相关程序的情 况下，客户应设定资格申报的截止日期。有关截止日期的信息应以文件形式进行妥善记录并在项目所 在地区内进行传达。 + + +13. 如果受影响者拒绝接受符合本绩效标准要求的补偿条件，并且由此导致启动强制土地征用或 其它法律程序，客户应寻求与相关政府主管部门合作，在该部门允许的情况下，在移民安置工作的计 划、实施和监控过程中发挥积极作用（见第 30-32 条）。 + +14. 客户应建立程序来监控和评估重新安置行动计划和/或生计恢复计划（参见第 19 条和第 25 条） 的实施情况，并在必要时采取纠正行动。监控活动的程度应与项目风险和影响相称。对于具有重大非 自愿重置风险的项目，客户应聘请具有资格的安置专家对是否符合本绩效标准提供建议，并核实客户 的监控信息。在监控过程中，应与受影响者进行磋商。 + + +15. 当采用符合相关计划以及本绩效标准的目标的方式解决了移民安置的不利影响时，重新安置 行动计划或生计恢复计划的实施才被视为完结。根据项目相关的实体和经济迁移的规模和/或复杂性， + +14 在某些情况下，在占用土地之前，向所有受影响者支付补偿可能并不可行，例如土地所有权尚存争议的时候。这 样的情况需要逐一识别并达成一致意见，补偿金应在迁移之前通过存入代管账户保证到位。 +15 除非政府参与安置计划的管理，并且客户无法直接影响补偿支付的时间。这种情况下应根据本绩效标准第 27–29 条的规定处理。如果有证据表明一次性支付现金补偿会影响社会和/或安置目标，或者对生计活动产生持续性影响， 则可以分期发放补偿金。 +16 磋商程序应确保听取女性的观点，并在安置方案计划和实施的各方面将女性的利益考虑进去。在处理生计影响问 题时，如果男性和女性的生计受到不同影响，则可能需要家庭内部分析。应研究男性和女性在补偿机制方面的偏好， 例如补偿是以实物还是现金形式。 +17 签发所有权或居住权证明以及补偿安排文件时，应注明配偶双方或户主的姓名，应确保女性能够公平地享受其他 安置援助服务，例如技能培训、获得贷款和就业机会，并根据她们的需要进行调整。如果国家的法律和房产制度不 承认女性拥有财产或签订财产合约的权利，应考虑采取措施，尽可能地为女性提供保护，以实现男女平等的目标。 + + +客户可能安排外部人员进行验收审计，以确定安置行动计划或生计恢复计划是否完成并是否符合各项 规定。一旦所有用于缓解不利影响的措施大体施行完毕，并且迁移者已被认为得到了足够的机会和援 助，能够可持续地恢复生计，即可实施验收审计。一旦经同意的监控期结束，便由具有专业资质的重 置专家进行验收审计。审计应最低程度上包括评估客户实施的缓解措施的完整性，将实施结果与所同 意的目标相比较，并决定监控程序是否可以结束 18。 + +16. 当项目相关的土地征用或土地使用限制有可能导致实体和/或经济迁移，但其确切性质或规模 由于处在项目开发的阶段性尚不可知时，客户应制定重新安置和/或生计恢复框架，列出符合本绩效标 准的一般性原则。一旦项目各要素确定，并且获知了必要的信息，应根据下文第 17 条和第 25 条将上 述框架扩充成具体的安置行动计划或生计恢复计划及程序。 + +迁移 + +17. 迁移者可被分为以下几类：（1）对其占有或使用的土地或资产拥有正式合法权利的迁移者； +（2）对土地或资产不拥有正式合法权利，但对土地提出的权利主张为国家法律认可或可认可的迁移 者 19；或者（3）对其占有或使用的土地或资产不拥有可认可的合法权利或主张的迁移者。应通过人口 普查来了解迁移者的具体情况。 + + +18. 与项目有关的土地征用和/或土地使用限制可能造成居民的实体迁移及经济迁移。因此，本绩 效标准有关实体和经济迁移的要求可能同时适用 20。 + +实体迁移 +19. 对于实体迁移，无论受影响者的人数有多少，客户应制定一项重新安置行动计划，其中至少 须符合本绩效标准中的适用要求。这包括对土地和其它资产的损失按全部重置成本提供补偿。该计划 的设计旨在缓解迁移的不利影响；识别发展机遇；制定安置预算和时间表；以及确定所有类型的受影 响者（包括东道社区）应享有的权利，尤其要关注到贫困和弱势群体的需求。客户应记录备案取得土 地权利的所有交易，以及补偿措施和搬迁活动。 + +20. 当居住在项目所在地区的居民必须迁移至另一地点时，客户应（1）向迁移者提供多种可行的 安置方案，包括充足的重置住所或适当的现金补偿；以及（2）根据各迁移者群体的需求提供搬迁援助。 为迁移者修建的新安置地点必须具备改善的生活条件。应考虑迁移者希望与原有社区和群体一道搬迁 的愿望。应尊重迁移者和任何东道社区的现有社会文化习俗。 + + +21. 对于第 17 条第（1）项或第（2）项所述的实体迁移，客户应提供等值或更高价值的重置财产 选择，并提供租住权保障、提供相等或更优的区位，或在适当的情况下提供现金补偿。在替代现金补 + + + + +18 一旦经同意的监控期结束，便应由外部重置专家对重新安置行动计划和/或生计恢复计划进行验收审计。此审计 应包括比常规安置监控活动更深入的评估，应最起码包括：核实客户对实体和/或经济迁移所实施的缓解措施的完 整性，将实施结果与所同意的目标相比较，并决定监控程序是否可以结束。以及在必要的情况下，确定是否需要一 项纠正行动计划，当中列出为达到目标所需的后续行动。 +19 此类权利主张可能衍生于逆权管有或来自习惯或传统的所有权安排。 +20 对于同时导致实体迁移和经济迁移的项目，应将第 25 条和第 26 条（经济迁移）的要求纳入到重新安置计划或框 架中（也就是说，无需制定单独的重新安置计划和生计恢复计划）。 + + +偿时应考虑同质补偿。现金补偿的水平应足以在当地市场按全部重置成本来替换所损失的土地或其它 资产 21。 + +22. 对于第 17 条第（3）项所述的实体迁移者，客户向他们提供有租住权保障的充足住所的可选 择方案，以便他们能够合法迁居，不必面对被强行搬迁的风险。在这些迁移者拥有并占用建筑物的情 况下，客户应对土地之外的资产损失，如住所和对土地进行的其它改良，按照全部重置成本向其进行 补偿，前提是这些人必须是在资格申报截止日期之前就一直在占用项目所在地区。依照与这些迁移者 进行磋商的结果，客户应为他们提供足够的搬迁援助，以便他们在适当的替代地点恢复其生活水平 22。 + +23. 如果资格申报截止日期已确定并且已公开公布，客户则无须补偿或援助在资格申报截止日期 之后进入项目所在地区的人。 + + +24. 不得实行强行搬迁 23，除非根据法律和本绩效标准的要求进行。 + +经济迁移 +25. 对于只涉及到经济迁移的项目，客户应制定一项生计恢复计划来补偿受影响的个人和/或社区， 并提供符合本绩效标准目标的其它援助。生计恢复计划应确定受影响个人和/或社区应享有的权利，并 保证以一种透明、持续和平等的方式提供这些权利。当受影响个人或社区已经按照生计恢复计划以及 本绩效标准的要求得到补偿和其它援助，并且被认为已得到充分的机会恢复生计后，经济迁移影响的 缓解工作才被视为完结。 + + +26. 如果土地征用或对土地使用的限制导致了经济迁移（丧失资产和/或生计手段），无论受影响 +者是否进行了实体迁移，客户应在适用的情况下满足以下第 27-29 条的要求。 + + +27. 面临资产损失或丧失获取资产途径的经济迁移者将按全部重置成本获得补偿。 + + +如果土地征用或土地使用限制影响了商业建筑物，应补偿受影响商业所有者在其它 地方重建商业活动的成本、在过渡期间损失的净收入以及转移和重新安装厂房、机器或其它 设备的成本。 +如果受影响者对土地拥有根据国家法律认可的或可以认可的合法权利（见第 17 条的 +（2）和（3）项），提供等值或更高价值的替换财产（如农业或商业用地），或者在适当情 况下，按全部重置成本提供现金补偿。 +对土地不拥有可认可的合法权利主张的经济迁移者（参见第 17 条第（3）项），应 按全部重置成本补偿他们除土地以外的资产损失（如庄稼、灌溉基础设施以及对土地所做的 其他改良）。对在资质申报截止日期以后侵占项目所在地区的投机定居者，客户无需提供补 偿或援助。 + + +21 在下列条件下，对于资产损失适于提供现金补偿：（1）生计不依靠土地；(ii) 生计依靠土地，但被项目占用的土 地仅占受影响资产的一小部分，剩余的土地仍足以维持生计；或者（3）存在活跃的土地、房地产和劳动力市场， 迁移者能够利用这些市场，并且有充足的土地和房屋供应。 +22 城市区域非正式居民的搬迁可能涉及降级置换。例如，搬迁的家庭可以获得租住权保障，但是可能丧失地理位置 +的优势。应该根据本绩效标准的原则解决这种可能影响到生计机会的地理位置变化（特别参见第 25 条）。 +23 是指违背个人、家庭和/或社区的意愿的，永久性或暂时剥夺他们占用的住房和/或土地的行为，而没有提供适当 的法律和其它形式的保护。 + + + +28. 除了根据第 27 条的要求提供资产损失的补偿以外，对生计或收入水平受到不利影响的经济迁 移者还应提供改善或至少恢复他们获取收入能力、生产能力和生活水平的机会： + + + 对于以土地为生的迁移者，应优先为其提供安置土地。这些土地在生产潜力、地理 区位优势、以及其它方面至少应与所损失土地等值。 +对于以自然资源为生的迁移者，如果满足此文第 5 条中所述因项目带来的对自然资 源使用限制的情形，应采取措施让他们继续使用受影响的资源，或让其使用生计价值及可及 性与原来资源相等的替代资源。在适当情况下，与自然资源使用相关的福利和补偿可以是针 对集体而不是个人或家庭的。 + 如果环境不允许客户按上述要求提供土地或类似资源，应提供获取收入的替代机会。 + + +29. 根据恢复经济迁移者获取收入能力、生产水平和生活水平所需的合理估计时间，向他们提供 必需的过渡性支持。 + +政府管理安置工作中的私营部门责任 + +30. 在政府负责土地征用和移民安置的情况下，客户应在政府主管机构允许的范围内与其开展合 作，以实现符合本绩效标准的结果。此外，当政府能力有限时，客户应在移民安置工作的计划、实施 和监控过程中发挥积极作用，如下文所述。 + + +31. 对于通过强制手段或涉及实体迁移的磋商解决方式取得的土地权或使用土地权，客户应确认 并列明 24政府的移民安置措施。如这些措施不符合本绩效标准中的相关要求，客户应制定辅助安置计 划，与政府主管机构编制的文件共同阐明本绩效标准中的相关要求（一般性要求以及前述的实体和经 济迁移要求）。客户需要在其辅助安置计划中至少纳入下列因素：（1）识别受影响的人和影响；（2） 规范行为的描述，包括相关国家法律法规中关于移民权利的规定；（3）采取辅助性措施以满足本绩效 标准第 19 条至第 29 条的要求，且该辅助设施要得到主管机构批准并符合实施时间计划安排；以及 +（4）客户在执行辅助安置计划的过程中应承担的财务和实施责任。 + + +32. 对于只涉及经济迁移的项目，客户应确认并列明政府主管机构计划用来补偿受影响社区和个 人的各项措施。如这些措施不符合本绩效标准中的相关要求，客户应制定一个环境和社会行动计划， 作为政府行动的补充。这可能包括对资产损失的额外补偿以及可行情况下为恢复丧失的生计所做的额 外努力。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +24 如有政府文件，可用于确认此类措施。 + +《绩效标准 + +》认识到，保护生物多样性、维持生态系统服务以及生物自然资源的可持续性管理 + +中是包有实括机现物体可种持（内续包发括展特的别生生生生根是物物物物本陆多多多多所生在、样样样样海。性性性性生本保保保保和绩其效护护护护标它和和和和准水生生生生根生据生物物物物态《自自自自系生然然然然统物资资资资及多其样源源源源所性的的的的属公可可可可的约生》持持持持态，续续续续复将管管管管合生体物理理理理多）样之性间定的义差为异性“各。类这生其 +2012 1 1 + +其所）它获物服得质务的供的收应自益服然；6务过（，程即）。人文们化从服生务态，系即统人所们获从得生的态产系品统中；所（获）得调的控非服物务质，收及益人；们（从生）态支系持统服调务控，即过维程 +缓对生物多保样护性生物和多生样态性系统。服务的影响。 。 +1 2 +3 4 +1 + + + + +3. + + + +实施本 + +维兼持顾保生态护与系统发展服务，所促产进生生的物自收然益资。源的可持续性管理 +绩效标准的适用范围在环境和社会风险和影响确认过程中系确统定的。要为素达见到《本绩绩效效标标准准要》求。所必需 + +重制要权或的的行具栖有根息将重据地大通风的影过项险响客和目力户影；；的响（以环的及境识可（和别能社，影会本响管绩或理效依系标赖统准于加的生以要态管求系理适统。用服该于务管以的理下项项目目，：且（客户）对位于这些被服改务变有的、直接自管然理的控或 +． ） +4. ）包含生物资源生产利用（如农业、畜牧业、渔业、林业）的项目。 +间接《影绩响效，标还准应识》别中任所何述重的大风残 +1 +5. 险留和影影响响。该识别过程过程还应应考考虑虑项项目目对对生生物物多多样1性和和生生态态系系统统服服务务的的相直关接威和 +胁和，环重境点污染关注。栖还息应地考丧虑失到生、物生多态样系性统和退生化态和系破统碎服化务、外对来受物影种响入社侵区、的过价度值开差采异、，水以文及变在化适当、情富况营下养化， +碳 ）文化服务可能包括圣地和具有娱乐和审美重要价值的自然区域； +（）支持服务可能包括土壤形成、养分循环、初级生产。 +6. 1 +1 1 2 +3 +4 + +能对受其影他响利的益陆相地关或者海的绩绩绩绩洋依效效效效环附年境价标标标标所值月带准准准的来日6的异影。响在。本绩效标准第 + +条适用的情况下，客户应考虑项目对可 + +影影整缓响响客解降的措户复至施应最杂和优低性管先，，理寻并客措求户恢施避应复。免生在对物整生多个物样项多性目样和周性生期和态内生系，态统采系服取统务适服。当务的鉴造管于成理预影措测响施项目。，如对并果生根物影据响多变样不化可性的和避条生免件态，和系应监统采测服取结务果措施来长使期调 +2012 1 1 + + +本绩效标准 + +13-19 +条适用时，客户应聘请具有适当的地区经验的外部专家协助制定符合本绩效标准的 + +生缓生解物栖机多多制样息样，性性地性并的是检保保指查护可这和供些保保多措存存种施生的命实有施机。体共准同的生实存施、中并，与栖周息围地的分非为生被物改环变境的相栖互息地影响、自的然陆栖地息、地淡和水重或海要洋栖 +量的保护结果，这些结果可合理预期净能增够长不。造生成物生多物样多性样补性偿的方净案损的失设，计并必且须最遵好循是“已相出似现或净更收好益”； + +8. +16-19 + +13-15 + +减少为和了恢保复措护施和后保，存才生可物能多考样虑性补，偿缓措施。生物多样性补偿方案的设计和实施目的应该是为了获得可 +测 3 +9. +缓解被机改制改的变变一的了部栖当息适地地主用是要于指生包可态含能功具包能有含和重很物要大种生比构物例成多的的样非地性本区价地值。原的被生被改植改变物变的和的栖或栖息动息地物地可物，能种其包的重括地要农区性业，在区以《、及绩人效或工标人林准类、活人动》工 +10. +2 +填造本的绩4沿效海标区准域以及人工开垦的湿地。 +生要取物缓求多解的样措风性施险补。和偿影就响是为确补认偿过这程种中影确响而定采。取客的户行应动将，对进而这产类生生的物可多衡样量性的保的护影成响果降。至最低，并在适当情况下采 +11. / / +在已采取适当的避免、减轻和恢复措施后，仍然残留由5项目开发带来的、持续的对生物多样性的重大不利影响， +区质可“性补衡相范偿量似围）或的）。生更。但物好在”多某的样些原性情则保况是护下指结，，果项生必目物须所多在影样当响性地的补证生偿明物，的多并设样在计性适必领当须域的出可地于能保理既护范不正围是在内国受证家项明也（目不如影是地响地方的方性同的、样优景的先观生考层物虑面多事、样项全性，而国价且性值可（和同能地 +12. 1 + +管物其2 + +人理多它工样。有填性在类造）这似这的些价里“情值是异况的指质下生从”，物海补考多洋偿虑样或可“性其能升领他较级域水为”具域适（有中宜即更创。补高造偿的新保的的护对土和象地可为用持具于续有生使更产用高目优优的先先。级级别别，的并生面物临多紧样迫性，的而威不胁是或受急到需项保目护影或响有的效生的 + +4 + + + + +5 + + +6 + + + +绩绩绩绩效效效效标标标标准准准 6 +生生生生物物物物多多多多样样样样性性性性保保保保护护护护和和和和生生生生物物物物自自自自然然然然资资资资源源源源的的的的可可可可持持持持续续续续管管管管理理理理 +通所在过区磋域商内已没明有确可了以利在益被相改关变者栖（息包地括上受开影发响项社目区的）其关它于可转行变的和替退代化方程案度；的观点；并 +2012 1 1 +在自且然所栖有息转地变区或域退，化缓都解根措据施缓应解旨体在系在得可到行了的缓情解况。下实现生物多样性无净损失 +13. / / + +重要栖重息要地栖在实项施息生地物运是多营具样期有性间高和补度偿生或。物运多营样之性后价恢值复的栖区息域地，；包括（ + +）对极危以及或濒危 + +。适当的行动包括： + +14. + +通过确认和保护生态保留带来避免对生物多样性的影响； + +． 采取措施尽可能减少栖息地破碎化，如建立生物走廊地带； +极大栖的威在息集胁重地中的要；迁生栖（徙态息物系地种统所以的在及栖的或息区集地域中内；聚以，居及客物户（种不具得有进重行要任意何义项的目栖活息动地，；除（非能）够具证有明区所域有特有物的种以具及有或重者要受意到义 + +重要意义的栖息地；（ + +）对全球重 + +所代方在案区；域内没有可以在不重要；的或被改变的自然栖息地上开发项目的其它以可下行各的点替： + +16. +2 / + +1 / 11 +3 + +该项目不会导致对重要栖息地的生物多样性价值以及支持生物多样性价值的生态过 +程产生可以衡量的不利影响 4 + +无净损 + +该项目区不域会层导面致上任的何净极减危少或濒危物种的数量在一段合理的时间内 + +出现在全球和或 + +17. 国家 ； +由显于著栖转息变地或被退改化变是而指导（致其点维由持于本土地地物和种水存的活使数用量发的生能重力大大的幅长下期降改。变，而破坏或严重缩减栖息地的完整性；或（） + +． +基施生础的态上土保进地留行区带，域是。并指生向项态具目保有地留资 + +在地区或在客户管理控制下的地地区区内极，危不或得濒用危于物项种目，开重发要、栖专息门地用的来确实定施应强在化逐个保项护目措 + +作为利益相关者参与和磋商过程的一部分进行，如《绩效标准 + +》所述。 + +性、景观失层是面指、，全在国通性过和采地取区措性施范以围避）免抵和消减任少何项重目大影残余响影，响以之及后进，行项原目地对恢生复物并多最样终性在的适相当关的影地响理得范到围平内衡（。如地方 +12 +生态系统服务的地区。应使用所国际认可的方针或方法（如高保护价或值者，在系当统地保、护国规家划以）及来界或定者生地态区保层留面带提。供重要的 +． 13 / +吻在合这种的情情况况下下，（重如要有栖些息国家带笼可统能地包将含物重种要列的为生）“物在保多国护样家类性或”价地或值区“以所限及列制的类物”种）类，别应与进世行界评自估然以保确护定联该盟名所录列的的理类由别和不目太的。 +/ +循生世如物界《多自世样然界性保自价护然值联保及盟护其指联支导盟持的（的国生家态中）过，濒程如危应果物在某种生物红态种色相被名关列录范为》围国中内家所确列定。。确定重要栖息地所依据的其他条目有：（）在遵 +7 1 2 +8 地的确定将根据该评估结果。 1 +10 +/ / +11 IUCN 1 +/ +2 +12 + +客户的管理绩绩绩绩计效效效效划年中标标标标已月纳准准准准入日6强有力的、设计得当的长期生物多样性监督和评估计划 + +在客户能够达到第 + +条要求的情况下，在生物多样性行动计划中应包含项目的缓解战略，该战略 + +的性制的定重大旨残在界余定影重响要能栖够息得地到的充生分物的多缓样解性，价从值而实达现到第净增长。 +生生生生物物物物多多多多样样样样性性性性保保保保护护护护和和和和生生生生物物物物自自自自然然然然资资资资源源源源的的的的可可可可持持持持续续续续管管管管理理理理 +如果作为缓解战略的一部分提议进行生物多样性补偿，客户则必须通过评估证明项目对生物多样 + +如果拟议项目位于法定保护区 + +或国际认可的区域条，的客要户求应。在适用的情况下满足本绩效标准第 + +2012 1 1 +法律保． 护和国际认可的区域 + +18.至 + +17 +15 +证明此类区域中拟开发项目已获得法律许可； + +19. + +项目情实操施作方额式外应计与划经，以政促府进认和可加的此强类该区区域域管的理保护计目划标保和持有一效致管；理。 + +方和管理方、受影响社区、土著居民 +成重大有威意胁酌以或及无其意他地利向益某相一关区者域进引行入磋该商区有域侵不略常性见、的快外速来繁或衍非性本，地进动而植淘物汰物本种地，物可种能。会对生物多样性造 + +20. +外来入侵物种 + +16 17 + +13 19 +． +． +．客户不得故意引入任何新的外来物种（目前还未出现在项目所在国家或区域），除非该行为符合 +来．物种，不论这类引入是否为现存监管框架所允许。任何外来物种的引入都需要进行风险评估（作 + +2为取媒1介客措. + +（户施如的来土环避壤境免、和偶道社然碴会或及风无植险意物及地材影引料响入）外识。来别物过种程的的可一能部性分），以比确如定避该免物运种输是可能否带具有有潜外来在物的种侵略的性培。养客基户和应生采物 + +的性它获言净本，、方得增绩案还，专长效包此以用是改括外标的指善政准、或界栖府认有者为息定可管如重此地符理果、目要合的客保的栖世地户护所息界理不和指地自区实定保的然域施的存生保，生地生物护其物态区多联目多多。样盟的样样性定是性性价义长补，值的期偿从可法保就而以定护不实获保自能现得护然满净的及区足增进：相本长一“关绩。步一的效保个生标护由态准法系结第果律统。或服其务净段增它和的长有文要可效化求途以价，径通值客。过明户确发”应展界对通生定于过本的物在绩、多原效经样地标过性实准施认补而其可偿 + +13 +定义仅限于联合国教科文组织 + +/ +世界自然遗产所在地、 + +/ +人类和生物圈保护区、重要生物多样 + +/ / / / +/ / +14 对于不会造成新足迹的项目来说，可能不必要实施其它额外计划。 +15 + +/ 17 +16 + +17 (UNESCO) + +18 + +UNESCO +. + +未清除到如。达果的拟区议域项。目在所可绩绩绩绩在行效效效效的的年国情标标标标家况月准准准准或下日地，6区客中户已应经采存取在措外施来将入这侵些物物种种，从他客户们应管理尽力控制不将范围这内些的物自种然扩栖散息到地其中尚 + +生其生态产态系生统影服响务、的并管由理此给受系影统响服社务区。带来不利影响的那些服务；和或（ + +）项目活）动项直目接活依动赖很的有可那能些对服 + +23. + +生生生生物物物物多多多多样样样样性性性性保保保保护护护护和和和和生生生生物物物物自自自自然然然然资资资资源源源源的的的的可可可可持持持持续续续续管管管管理理理理 +如果在风险和影响确认过程中确定，一个项目有可能对生态系统服务造成不利影响，客户应进行 + +2012 1 1 + +2系4统. + +的审查以明确需优先考虑的生态系统服务。优先生态系统服务有两类：（ + +务通过（程例参如与水确）定。优如先果生受态影响社区有可能受到影响，他们应根据《绩效标准 + +》中所述的利益相关者沟 + +生施客态缓户对系应解关将统措联服施对到务以生受态，维影系应持响统避这社服免些区务对优的的其先优影造服先响成务生降不的态至利价系最影值统低响和服，。功务并如能根，果。据以这对《及些项绩客影目效户响赖标对不以准其可运有避营免直的》接优，采管先客取理户生措控应态施制系尽提1权统量高或服将项重务其目要所降活影造至动响成最的力的低资影，源的响利优并用先实， +生生物物自自然资源的可持续管理 、水产养殖及渔业）初级生产的客户， + +效率。有关生态系统服务的其它条款见《绩效标准 + +》、《绩效标准 + +》2 、《绩效标准 + +》和《绩效标 + +准》。 1 +项至目设在条非的林要地求或，已还经要转遵变循用本途绩的效土标地准上其。余从条事款这。些在行可业行的的客情户况应下通，过客采户用应具将体基行于业土中地的的 + +25. + +从事生物自然资源（包括天然和人工林业、农业、畜牧业 + +农要全并且遵球商其照和管、生第地林理产业区惯管或例理及国应现家经认有由可技独的术立标，机准以构条可核文持实中续或，的认客方证户式。应对生根据物自一然项或资源多进项行相管关可理。靠如标果准这来实些施初）可级客持生观续产且的惯可例生以产已实管纳现理入；， + +良8 19 + +4 5 7 + +2（6. + +）有建公立信在力与的多生方物利自益然相资关源者可磋持商续的管基理础的上全；球并、且地（区3或）国鼓家励认阶证梯标式准和应持是续改：（进；（ + +）通过适当的认 + +证的机符构合性来果进为相行这关些预可标评靠准估的提，标供并准采独已取立经行认存动证在以，。在但适原客当则户的、尚管时未理间获内惯得获例对得和这该技些认术标；证准。的独立认证，那么客户应对适用标准 +26 30 +如 +如果项目所在国家没有针对特定生物自然资源的相关可靠的全球、地区或国家标准，客户应： + +27. +2 + +态系统承服诺务采的用参考良内好容的见国《际绩行效业标运准营》第 + +条；《绩效标准》第 + +条和第 + +1 +4 +条；《绩效标准》第 + +者体 生（系一条应如个和拥当可第有地靠公民的条正众的；、和认以透社证及明区体《、、系绩独土应效立著是标的居独准决民立策、的》程代、第序表具以消有避费成条免者本。利的效益公益冲民、突社基。会于组客织观、且生可产衡商量以的及绩保效护标利准益的相体关系者，）并的且磋通商过来与制利定益。相关该 +29. +． + +19 + +17 20 +20 + +4 8 +8 11 + +5 5 25-29 + +7 13- + + + +绩绩绩绩效效效效标标标标准准准准 6 +生生生生物物物物多多多多样样样样性性性性保保保保护护护护和和和和生生生生物物物物自自自自然然然然资资资资源源源源的的的的可可可可持持持持续续续续管管管管理理理理 +改变如自果然客和户/或购重买要的栖初息级地生的产地产区品，（客特户别应是采取）系在统可和能核的实情措况施下来,要对求其采主取要行供动应，商在一进定行时评间估内，转作变为客客 +2012 1 1 + +户环境． + +和社会管理系统的一部分。该系统和核实措施应：（ + +）确定供应来源和该地区的栖息地类型； + +（）提供对客户主要供应链的持续审核；（ + +）仅限于从那些可以证明不会促成自然和/或重要栖息地 + +这大主计些改划要风变朝供险的应获的供得链能应核，力商实转将采或向取购认那决产证些于品取可客（得以户证进证对明展明其方）他主式；们要可（不供以会应通对商过这的提些管供区理经域控认造制证成程产重度品大或，不影或利响在影程特响度定的。商供品应和商/。或客地户点可上以根完据全可 +21 + +1 +2 3 + +4 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +主要供应商是指那些持续提供项目核心业务功能所必需的大部分生物自然资源、货物和材料的供应商。 + + +简介 + +1. 《绩效标准 7》认识到，土著居民作为国家社会中区分于主导群体的社会群体，通常是人口中最 边缘化、最脆弱的群体。在很多情况下，土著居民的经济、社会和法律地位限制了他们捍卫自己在土 地、自然资源和文化资源中的权益，并可能限制了他们参与发展并从中受益的能力。如果他们的土地 和资源被转变、侵占或受到严重退化，他们就更容易受到影响。他们的语言、文化、宗教、精神信仰 和风俗习惯可能也会受到威胁。因此，与非土著社区相比，土著居民更容易受到与项目开发有关的不 利影响。这种脆弱性可能包括丧失他们的独特性、文化和基于自然资源的生活方式，以及遭受贫困和 疾病。 + + +2. 私营部门项目可以为土著居民创造机会，让他们参加与项目有关的活动并从中受益，这些活动可 以帮助他们达成经济和社会发展目标。而且，土著居民可以通过作为发展合作伙伴来促进和管理开发 活动和企业，从而在可持续性发展中发挥作用。政府经常在管理土著居民事务上起着核心作用，因此 客户应在管理项目的风险和影响方面与相关部门合作 1。 + +目标 + + 确保开发过程充分尊重土著居民的人权、尊严、愿望、文化和基于自然资源的生活 方式。 + 预期并避免项目对土著居民社区造成的不利影响，如果无法避免，应将这种影响降 至最低，并/或进行补偿。 + 促进以文化上适当的方式为土著居民提供可持续的发展效益和机会。 + 在知情磋商和参与的基础上，与在项目周期中受到项目影响的土著居民建立和保持 一种持续的关系。 + 在出现本绩效标准中所述的情况时，确保获得受影响的土著居民社区的自由、事先 和知情的同意。 + 尊重和保留土著居民的文化、知识和惯例。 + +适用范围 + +3. 本绩效标准的适用范围在环境和社会风险和影响确认过程中确定，为达到本绩效标准的要求所必 需实施的行动应通过客户的环境和社会管理系统加以管理。该管理系统的要素见《绩效标准 1》。 + + +4. “土著居民”没有普遍接受的定义。在不同的国家，土著居民可能被称作“土著少数民族”、 “原住民”、“高山部落”、“少数民族”、“固定部落”、“最初定居者”或“部落群”。 + + +5. 本绩效标准中，“土著居民”通指拥有不同程度以下特质的独特社会和文化群体： + + + 自认为一个独特土著文化群体的成员，并受到其他人承认； + 集体依附于项目区域内的地理性独特定居地或传统领地，并依附于这些定居地和领 地上的自然资源； + + +1 除了满足本绩效标准的要求外，客户必须遵守相关国家法律，包括那些东道国为履行国际法义务而实施的法律； + + + 文化、经济、社会或政治习俗区别于主导社会或文化； + 拥有独特语言或方言，通常与官方语言或他们居住的国家或地区的语言不同。 + + +6. 本绩效标准适用于保持一种集体依附性的土著居民社区或群体，即他们作为一个群体或社区的特 性依附于其栖息地和传统领地及其这些领地上的自然资源。本绩效标准也可适用于，由于被迫隔离、 冲突、政府的重新安置计划、土地征用、自然灾害或领地被纳入城市扩建等原因，在其成员在世时期， 在项目区域内失去对其栖息地和传统领地的集体依附性的社区或群体。 + + +7. 客户可能需要寻求具有资格的专家的意见，来认定某个群体是否可被视为本绩效标准中的土著居 民。 + +要求 +一般要求 + +避免不利影响 +8. 客户应通过环境和社会风险和影响识别过程来识别在项目影响区域内所有可能受到影响的土著居 民社区，并识别他们的经济、社会、文化（包括文化遗产 2）和环境预期将受到的直接和间接影响的性 质和程度。 + + +9. 应尽可能避免对受影响的土著居民社区的不利影响。当尝试了替代方案而不利影响仍无法避免时， 客户应将影响降至最低，并/或以文化上适当的方式对这些影响进行补偿，补偿还需与影响的性质和规 模以及受影响的土著居民社区的脆弱程度相称。客户拟议采取的行动应通过与受影响的土著居民社区 的知情磋商和参与共同确定，并包含在一个有时间期限的计划中，例如，《土著居民发展计划》，或 在一个更广泛的社区发展计划中为土著居民单独列出计划 3。 + +参与和同意 +10. 客户应根据《绩效标准 1》的要求，采取与受影响的土著居民社区沟通的程序。沟通程序包括以 文化上适当的方式进行利益相关者分析和沟通计划、信息披露、磋商和参与。另外，此程序还应： + + + 包括土著居民的代表团体和组织（如长老会或村委会），以及受影响的土著居民社 区成员； + 提供充足的时间给土著居民作出决策 4。 + + +11. 受影响的土著居民社区可能因丧失、远离他们土地，或因他们的土地被开发，以及不能获取自然 和文化资源，而特别容易受到影响 5。认识到这种脆弱性，除了本绩效标准的一般要求外，客户还应在 本绩效标准中第 13-17 段落所述的情况下，获得受影响的土著居民社区的自由、事先和知情的同意 + +2 保护文化遗产的其它要求参见《绩效标准 8》。 +3 确定适当的计划可能需要具有资格的专家的意见。如果土著居民是更大的受影响社区的一部分，可能需要制定社 区发展计划。 +4 内部决策程序一般来说但并不总是集体性质的。可能出现内部异议，决定可能会受到社区内部分人的反对。磋商 程序应注意这种动态情况，并允许充足的时间给内部决策程序，以达成大多数参与各方认为合情合理的决定。 +5 本绩效标准所指的具有文化价值的自然资源和自然区等同于《绩效标准 6》中所述的生态系统供应和文化服务。 + + +（FPIC）。自由、事先和知情的同意（FPIC）适用于与影响土著居民社区的影响有关的项目规划、实 施和预期结果。一旦出现这些情况，客户应聘请外部专家，来协助确认项目的风险和影响。 + + +12. 自由、事先和知情的同意（FPIC）没有普遍接受的定义。对《绩效标准 1》、《绩效标准 7》和 +《绩效标准 8》而言，“自由、事先和知情的同意（FPIC）”是指以下定义：自由、事先和知情的同 意（FPIC）建立在《绩效标准 1》中所述的知情磋商和参与程序上，并在其基础上加以扩展，应通过 客户与受影响的土著居民社区之间的善意磋商建立。客户应对以下记录备案：（1）客户与受影响的土 著居民社区都接受的程序；（2）作为磋商结果各方达成协议的证据。自由、事先和知情的同意 +（FPIC）不一定要求一致同意，即使社区内有个人或群体明确表示不同意，也可能达成自由、事先和 知情的同意（FPIC）。 + + +要求获得自由、事先和知情的同意（FPIC）的情况 + + +对传统所有或习惯用途土地和自然资源的影响 +13. 土著居民通常与他们的土地和相关的自然资源 6有紧密关系。通常这些土地是他们传统所有的，或 者是有习惯用途的 7。尽管根据国家法律这些土地可能并不属于他们合法所有，但土著居民对这些土地 的使用（包括季节性或周期性使用）通常是有据可查、有文记载的，他们用这些土地作为生活、文化、 仪式或精神上的用途界定了他们的独特性和社区属性。 + + +14. 如果客户拟议在土著居民传统所有或用于习惯用途的土地上开发项目或将土地上的自然资源进行 商业开发，并且预期会对造成不利影响 8，客户应采取以下措施： + 努力避免使用该土地开发项目，如不可避免，将使用地面积减到最少，并将这些努 力记录备案； + 努力避免对土著居民的自然资源和重要自然区域 9受到影响，如果不可避免，使影响 降至最低，并将这些努力记录备案； + 在购买或租赁土地前，确定和审核所有财产权益和传统资源的用途； + 评估和记录受影响的土著居民社区的资源用途，不应对土著居民提出的任何土地要 求持有偏见 10。土地和自然资源用途的评估应包括所有性别，并要特别考虑女性在 管理和使用这些资源中的作用； + 确保受影响的土著居民社区应被告知根据国家法律他们对这些土地拥有的所有权， 包括国家法律中规定的土地习惯用途权； + 如果对其土地及自然资源进行商业开发，应向受影响的土著居民社区提供补偿和正 当程序，以及文化上适当的可持续发展机会，包括： +- 在可行的情况下，提供基于土地的补偿或同质补偿来代替现金补偿 11 。 + + +6 例如，海洋和水资源、木材和非木材林产品、药用植物、狩猎和聚会场所以及草场和种植区域等。本绩效标准中所指 的自然资源资产等同于《绩效标准 6》中所描述的提供生态系统服务。 +7 购买和/或租赁拥有合法业权的土地参见《绩效标准 5：土地征用和非自愿迁移》。 +8 这种不利影响可能包括因项目活动导致不能使用资产或资源或土地用途受到限制而造成的影响。 +9 本绩效标准中所指的“自然资源和重要自然区域”等同于《绩效标准 6》中定义的优先生态系统服务。它们是指 那些在客户直接管理控制下或有重大影响的服务，以及那些最有可能对受影响的土著居民社区带来风险的服务。 +10 虽然本绩效标准要求对这类土地的用途有证据和文件记载，但客户也应了解，这些土地在东道国政府的指令下可 能已经用作其它用途。 + + +- 确保土著居民可以继续获取自然资源，确认相当的替代资源，或者说是，如 果项目开发造成土著居民不能获取或丧失了自然资源，作为最后选择，无论 项目是否购买了该土地，都应向他们提供补偿或为他们找到替代生计。 +- 如果客户计划利用自然资源来开发项目，而这些自然资源对受影响的土著居 民社区的独特性和生计至关重要，因此这些自然资源的使用加剧了他们生计 的风险，客户应确保公平和平等地分享与项目使用自然资源相关的收益。 +- 在考虑到不影响健康、安全和治安的前提条件下，允许受影响的土著居民社 区在项目开发的土地上出入、使用和通行。 +土著居民从传统所有或习惯用途的土地和自然资源迁移 +15. 为避免使土著居民从他们集体传统所有 12或用作习惯用途的土地和自然资源迁移，客户应考虑可 行的替代项目设计。如果迁移不可避免，除非如上所述获得受影响的土著居民社区的自由、事先和知 情的同意，否则客户不得继续进行项目。土著居民的任何迁移都必须符合《绩效标准 5》的要求。如 果导致他们迁移的原因不再存在，在可行的情况下，迁移的土著居民应可以返回他们传统所有或有习 惯用途的土地。 + +重要文化遗产 +16. 如果项目可能对重要文化遗产 13造成重大影响，该文化遗产对土著居民生活的独特性及/或文化、 仪式或精神方面至关重要，应优先避免产生这种影响。如果项目对重要文化遗产的重大影响不可避免， 客户应获得受影响的土著居民社区的自由、事先和知情的同意。 + + +17. 如果项目拟议使用文化遗产用作商业目的，包括土著居民的知识、发明或惯例，客户应告知受影 响的土著居民社区：（1）根据国家法律他们所拥有的权利；（2）拟议商业开发的范围和性质；（3） 商业开发可能带来的后果；并且（4）获得他们自由、事先和知情的同意（FPIC）。客户还应确保他 们公平、平等地分享从对这些知识、发明和惯例的商业开发中获得的收益，分享方式应符合土著居民 的习俗和传统。 + + +缓解措施和发展效益 + +18. 客户和受影响的土著居民社区应识别与《绩效标准 1》中所述的缓解机制相一致的缓解措施和机 会，以及这些措施和机会带来的文化上适当的、可持续的发展收益 。客户应确保及时、公平地对受影 响的土著居民社区实施所达成的措施。 + + +19. 向土著居民提供补偿和其它收益分享措施的决定、交付和分配应考虑到这些社区的法律、惯例和 习俗，以及他们与主流社会的融合程度。符合获得补偿条件的可以是个人、团体，或以个人和团体结 + + + + +11 如果情况不允许客户提供合适的安置土地，客户必须提供有关情况的证据。在这种情况下，客户应向受影响的土 著居民社区在现金补偿以外提供非基于土地的赚取收入的机会。 +12 通常土著居民基于传统所有和习惯用途提出他们对土地和资源的获取和使用权，很多都属于集体产权。这些基于 传统的土地和资源所有权可能不被国家法律承认。如果受影响的土著居民社区成员个人拥有合法产权，或如果相关 的国家法律承认个人的习惯用途所有权，应适用《绩效标准 5》的要求，而不是本绩效标准第 17 条的要求。 +13包括自然与文化和/或精神的价值，如圣林，圣水和具有神圣意义的水路，树木，和岩石。等同于绩效标准 6 定义 的优先生态文化服务与文化价值的自然区域。 + + +合的方式 14。如果补偿是以集体方式分发的，应当制定并实施确保所有符合补偿条件的群体成员都能 获得补偿的有效交付和分配机制。 + + +20. 受影响的土著居民社区如何从项目中受益将取决于各种因素，包括项目性质、项目范围以及土著 居民社区的脆弱程度等。所确定的发展机会应旨在满足土著居民的目标和选择，包括以文化上适当的 方式提高他们的生活水平，并帮助提高他们所依赖的自然资源的长期可持续性。 + + +政府土著居民管理系统下的私营部门责任 + +21. 在政府有明确的责任管理项目有关的土著居民问题的情况下，客户应与相关政府部门合作，在可 行的情况下，并在政府部门允许的程度上，达到符合本绩效标准要求的结果。另外，如果政府的能力 有限，客户应在政府部门允许的程度上在项目活动计划、实施和监督中发挥积极作用。 + + +22. 客户应制定一项计划，连同政府相关部门准备的文件，阐述如何满足本绩效标准的相关要求。客 户可能需要在该计划中包括：（1）知情磋商和参与、沟通过程中，FPIC 程序的计划、实施和记录备 案；（2）对政府向受影响的土著居民提供的权利的描述；（3）如果这些权利和本绩效标准的要求存 在差异，应提出消除差异的措施；（4）政府部门和/或客户的财务和实施责任。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +14 如果对资源、资产和决策的控制权主要由集体所有，应努力在可能的情况下确保集体分配收益和补偿，并考虑到 两代人之间的差异和需求。 + + +简介 +1. 《绩效标准 8》 认识到文化遗产对当今人类及后代的重要性。按照《保护世界文化和自然遗产公 约》的规定，本《绩效标准》旨在确保客户在他们的项目活动中保护文化遗产。另外，本绩效标准规 定了项目使用文化遗产的相关要求，一定程度上基于《生物多样性公约》中制定的标准。 + +目标 + 保护文化遗产免受项目活动带来的不良影响，并且为其保护工作提供支持。 + 促进公平分享使用文化遗产所带来的收益。 + +适用范围 +2. 本《绩效标准》的适用范围在环境和社会风险及影响的确认过程中确立，为达到本《绩效标准》 要求所必需实施的行动应通过客户的环境和社会管理系统加以管理。该管理系统的要素见《绩效标准 1》。在项目周期内，客户应考虑项目可能对文化遗产造成的影响，并遵循本绩效标准的相关规定。 + + +3. 就本绩效标准而言，文化遗产是指（1）有形的文化遗产，例如具有考古（史前）、古生物、历史、 文化、艺术和宗教价值的有形的、可移动或不可移动的物品、财产、场所、建筑或建筑群；（2）具有 文化价值的独特自然环境特征或有形物品，比如圣林、岩石、湖泊和瀑布；以及（3）拟议用于商业目 的的特定无形文化，例如体现传统生活方式的文化知识、发明创新和社区惯例。 + + +4. 有关有形文化遗产的要求见第 6-16 条。有关上述第 3 条（3）中所描述的无形文化遗产的要求见 +第 16 条。 + + +5. 本绩效标准的要求适用于文化遗产，无论它是否已经受到法律保护，或以前曾遭到破坏。本绩效 标准的要求不适用于土著居民的文化遗产；对土著居民文化遗产的要求见《绩效标准 7》。 + +要求 +在项目设计和实施中文化遗产的保护 + + +6. 为了保护文化遗产，除了应遵守相关法律之外，包括为履行东道国在《保护世界文化和自然遗产 公约》下所应承担义务的国家法律，客户还应通过确保采取国际认可的文化遗产保护、实地研究和记 录备案的惯例，来认定和保护文化遗产。 + + +7. 如果在风险和影响确认过程中发现项目有可能对文化遗产造成影响，客户应聘请具有资格的专家 +来协助文化遗产的认定和保护。对不可复制文化遗产的迁移还将受到以下第 10 条要求的限制。对于重 +要的文化遗产，应适用第 13-15 条的要求。 + + +偶然发现程序 +8. 客户有责任在项目选址和设计时避免对文化遗产造成重大不利影响。环境和社会风险及影响的识 别过程应决定拟议中的项目地点是否位于可能发现文化遗产的地区，文化遗产可能是在项目施工过程 + + +中发现或是在项目运营过程中发现。在这些情况下，作为客户的环境和社会管理系统的一部分，客户 应制定一个偶然发现程序 1来管理偶然发现 2，一旦发现文化遗产，将实施该程序。在由具有资格的专 家作出评估并在确定符合本绩效标准要求的行动之前，客户不应进一步干扰任何偶然发现的文化遗产。 + + +磋商 +9. 如果一个项目可能影响文化遗产，客户应与东道国受影响的社区进行磋商，这些社区可以是还在 使用或在世人记忆中曾使用该文化遗产作为长期文化用途的社区。客户应与受影响的社区磋商来确定 重要的文化遗产，将受影响社区居民对这些文化遗产的看法纳入客户的决策过程中。磋商还应包括负 责保护文化遗产的国家和地方相关监管机构。 + + +社区进入权 +10. 如果客户的项目地点包含了文化遗产，或者禁止进入现在使用的或在记忆中曾使用该文化遗产作 +为长期文化用途的曾经的文化遗产地点，客户应在第 9 条所述的磋商基础上，在考虑到不影响健康和 安全的前提条件下，允许这些社区居民继续进入该文化遗迹，或提供其它可以进入的路径。 + + +可复制文化遗产的迁移 +11. 如果客户遇到可复制的 3并非关键性的有形文化遗产，客户应采取减缓措施，首先争取避免占用该 文化遗产。如果不可能避免，客户应采取以下减缓机制： + + + 将不利影响降至最低，并就地采取恢复措施，以确保保持该文化遗产的价值和功能，包括保 持或恢复该文化遗产所需的任何生态系统 4； + 如果不可能就地恢复，应在另一个地点恢复该文化遗产的功能，包括维持该文化遗产所需的 生态系统； + 对历史、考古文物和建筑物的永久性迁移应根据上述第 6 条和第 7 条的原则进行； + 只有证明不可能将不利影响降至最低，并且不可能采取恢复措施以确保保持该文化遗产的价 值和功能性的情况下，而且如果受影响社区正在使用该有形文化遗产作为长期文化用途，应 补偿失去该有形文化遗产的损失。 + + +不可复制文化遗产的迁移 +12. 大部分文化遗产得到最好保护的方式是在原地加以保护，因为迁移可能对文化遗产造成不可修复 的损坏或破坏。客户不能迁移任何不可复制的文化遗产 5，除非同时满足以下条件： + + + +1 偶然发现程序列出如果项目遇到以前未知的文化遗产需要采取的行动。 +2 在项目施工或运营中意外偶然遇到的有形文化遗产。 +3 可复制文化遗产的定义为可以迁移到另一个地点，或可以被类似建筑物或自然景观替代，其文化价值可以通过适 当措施转移的有形文化遗产。考古或历史地点可能被视为可复制的文化遗产，如果它们代表的特定时代和文化价值 完全可以由其它地点和/或建筑物来代表。 +4 符合《绩效标准 6》中有关生态系统服务和保护生物多样性的要求。 +5 不可复制的文化遗产可能有关过去人们的社会、经济、文化、环境和气候条件，他们不断变化的生态环境、适应 战略和早期形式的环境管理，如果（1）该文化遗产对其代表的时期来说具有独特性或相对独特性，或（2）该文化 遗产在同一地点联系几个时期上具有独特性或相对独特性。 + + + 除了迁移，没有其它技术上或经济上可行的替代方法； + 项目的总体效益超过迁移文化遗产造成的预期损失； + 任何文化遗产的迁移采用现有最好的技术进行。 + + +重要文化遗产 +13. 重要文化遗产包括符合以下两种类型之一或二者同时满足的文化遗产：（1）社区正在使用的或在 记忆中曾经有长期文化用途的国际公认文化遗产；（2）法定文化遗产保护区，包括那些东道国提议设 立为法定文化遗产保护区的地区。 + +14. 客户不得对重要文化遗产进行迁移、重大改变或损坏。例外情况是，如果项目不可避免对重要文 化遗产造成影响，客户应根据《绩效标准 1》中所述，采取受影响社区知情磋商和参与程序，通过善 意磋商达成一致，并记录备案。客户应聘请外部专家来协助重要文化遗产的评估和保护。 + + +15. 法定文化遗产保护区 6对文化遗产的保护和保存至关重要，根据相关国家法律将获准在这些地区进 行的任何项目应采取额外的措施。如果拟议中项目位于法定文化遗产保护区内，或位于法定保护缓冲 区内，客户除了要满足上述第 14 条有关重要文化遗产的要求以外，还须满足以下要求： + + + 遵守国家和地方文化遗产法规或保护区管理计划； + 就拟议项目与保护区主办方和管理方、当地社区和其他重点利益相关者进行磋商； + 适当情况下，实施额外计划，以促进和加强保护区的保护目标。 + + +项目对文化遗产的使用 + +16. 如果项目计划将文化遗产用作商业用途 7，包括当地社区的知识、发明或惯例，客户应告知这些社 区：（1）根据国家法律他们所享有的权利；（2）拟议商业开发的范围和性质；以及（3）开发可能带 来的后果。客户不得继续进行此类商业开发，除非（1）根据《绩效标准 1》中所述，与受影响的社区 进行知情磋商和参与程序，进行善意磋商来达成结果，并记录备案，并（2）公平和平等地分享从这些 知识、发明或惯例的商业开发中获得的收益，分享方式应符合他们的习惯和传统。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +6 包括世界遗址和国家保护区。 +7 包括对传统医学知识或其它加工处理植物、纤维或金属的宗教或传统技术的商业化，但不仅限于此。 diff --git a/data/ps-en.txt b/data/ps-en.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4a589be08898756c5b1869c3578ac70197b46f8a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/ps-en.txt @@ -0,0 +1,912 @@ +i +Performance Standards on Environmental and Social +Sustainability +January 1, 2012 +Overview of Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability +1. IFC’s Sustainability Framework articulates the Corporation’s strategic commitment to sustainable development, and is an integral part of IFC’s approach to risk management. The Sustainability Framework comprises IFC’s Policy and Performance Standards on Environmental and Social Sustainability, and IFC’s Access to Information Policy. The Policy on Environmental and Social Sustainability describes IFC’s commitments, roles, and responsibilities related to environmental and social sustainability. IFC’s Access to Information Policy reflects IFC’s commitment to transparency and good governance on its operations, and outlines the Corporation’s institutional disclosure obligations regarding its investment and advisory services. The Performance Standards are directed towards clients, providing guidance on how to identify risks and impacts, and are designed to help avoid, mitigate, and manage risks and impacts as a way of doing business in a sustainable way, including stakeholder engagement and disclosure obligations of the client in relation to project-level activities. In the case of its direct investments (including project and corporate finance provided through financial intermediaries), IFC requires its clients to apply the Performance Standards to manage environmental and social risks and impacts so that development opportunities are enhanced. IFC uses the Sustainability Framework along with other strategies, policies, and initiatives to direct the business activities of the Corporation in order to achieve its overall development objectives. The Performance Standards may also be applied by other financial institutions. +2. Together, the eight Performance Standards establish standards that the client1 is to meet throughout the life of an investment by IFC: +Performance Standard 1: Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts +Performance Standard 2: Labor and Working Conditions +Performance Standard 3: Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention +Performance Standard 4: Community Health, Safety, and Security +Performance Standard 5: Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +Performance Standard 6: Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources +Performance Standard 7: Indigenous Peoples +Performance Standard 8: Cultural Heritage +3. Performance Standard 1 establishes the importance of (i) integrated assessment to identify the environmental and social impacts, risks, and opportunities of projects; (ii) effective community engagement through disclosure of project-related information and consultation with local communities on matters that directly affect them; and (iii) the client’s management of environmental and social performance throughout the life of the project. Performance Standards 2 through 8 establish objectives and requirements to avoid, minimize, and where residual impacts remain, to compensate/offset for risks and impacts to workers, Affected Communities, and the environment. While all relevant environmental and social risks and potential impacts should be considered as part of the assessment, Performance Standards 2 through 8 describe potential environmental and social risks and impacts that require particular attention. Where environmental or social risks and impacts +1 The term “client” is used throughout the Performance Standards broadly to refer to the party responsible for implementing and operating the project that is being financed, or the recipient of the financing, depending on the project structure and type of financing. The term “project” is defined in Performance Standard 1. +ii +Performance Standards on Environmental and Social +Sustainability +January 1, 2012 +are identified, the client is required to manage them through its Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) consistent with Performance Standard 1. +4. Performance Standard 1 applies to all projects that have environmental and social risks and impacts. Depending on project circumstances, other Performance Standards may apply as well. The Performance Standards should be read together and cross-referenced as needed. The requirements section of each Performance Standard applies to all activities financed under the project, unless otherwise noted in the specific limitations described in each paragraph. Clients are encouraged to apply the ESMS developed under Performance Standard 1 to all their project activities, regardless of financing source. A number of cross-cutting topics such as climate change, gender, human rights, and water, are addressed across multiple Performance Standards. +5. In addition to meeting the requirements under the Performance Standards, clients must comply with applicable national law, including those laws implementing host country obligations under international law. +6. The World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS Guidelines) are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of good international industry practice. IFC uses the EHS Guidelines as a technical source of information during project appraisal. The EHS Guidelines contain the performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable to IFC, and that are generally considered to be achievable in new facilities at reasonable costs by existing technology. For IFC-financed projects, application of the EHS Guidelines to existing facilities may involve the establishment of site-specific targets with an appropriate timetable for achieving them. The environmental assessment process may recommend alternative (higher or lower) levels or measures, which, if acceptable to IFC, become project- or site-specific requirements. The General EHS Guideline contains information on cross-cutting environmental, health, and safety issues potentially applicable to all industry sectors. It should be used together with the relevant industry sector guideline(s). The EHS Guidelines may be occasionally updated. +7. When host country regulations differ from the levels and measures presented in the EHS Guidelines, projects are expected to achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, a full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives is needed as part of the site-specific environmental assessment. This justification should demonstrate that the choice for any alternative performance level is protective of human health and the environment. +8. A set of eight Guidance Notes, corresponding to each Performance Standard, and an additional Interpretation Note on Financial Intermediaries offer guidance on the requirements contained in the Performance Standards, including reference materials, and on good sustainability practices to help clients improve project performance. These Guidance/Interpretation Notes may be occasionally updated. +1 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 1 underscores the importance of managing environmental and social performance throughout the life of a project. An effective Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) is a dynamic and continuous process initiated and supported by management, and involves engagement between the client, its workers, local communities directly affected by the project (the Affected Communities) and, where appropriate, other stakeholders.1 Drawing on the elements of the established business management process of “plan, do, check, and act,” the ESMS entails a methodological approach to managing environmental and social risks2 and impacts3 in a structured way on an ongoing basis. A good ESMS appropriate to the nature and scale of the project promotes sound and sustainable environmental and social performance, and can lead to improved financial, social, and environmental outcomes. +2. At times, the assessment and management of certain environmental and social risks and impacts may be the responsibility of the government or other third parties over which the client does not have control or influence.4 Examples of where this may happen include: (i) when early planning decisions are made by the government or third parties which affect the project site selection and/or design; and/or (ii) when specific actions directly related to the project are carried out by the government or third parties such as providing land for a project which may have previously involved the resettlement of communities or individuals and/or leading to loss of biodiversity. While the client cannot control these government or third party actions, an effective ESMS should identify the different entities involved and the roles they play, the corresponding risks they present to the client, and opportunities to collaborate with these third parties in order to help achieve environmental and social outcomes that are consistent with the Performance Standards. In addition, this Performance Standard supports the use of an effective grievance mechanism that can facilitate early indication of, and prompt remediation for those who believe that they have been harmed by a client’s actions. +3. Business should respect human rights, which means to avoid infringing on the human rights of others and address adverse human rights impacts business may cause or contribute to. Each of the Performance Standards has elements related to human rights dimensions that a project may face in the course of its operations. Due diligence against these Performance Standards will enable the client to address many relevant human rights issues in its project. +Objectives + To identify and evaluate environmental and social risks and impacts of the project. + To adopt a mitigation hierarchy to anticipate and avoid, or where avoidance is not possible, minimize,5 and, where residual impacts remain, compensate/offset for risks and impacts to workers, Affected Communities, and the environment. +1 Other stakeholders are those not directly affected by the project but that have an interest in it. These could include national and local authorities, neighboring projects, and/or nongovernmental organizations. +2 Environmental and social risk is a combination of the probability of certain hazard occurrences and the severity of impacts resulting from such an occurrence. +3 Environmental and social impacts refer to any change, potential or actual, to (i) the physical, natural, or cultural environment, and (ii) impacts on surrounding community and workers, resulting from the business activity to be supported. +4 Contractors retained by, or acting on behalf of the client(s), are considered to be under direct control of the client and not considered third parties for the purposes of this Performance Standard. +5 Acceptable options to minimize will vary and include: abate, rectify, repair, and/or restore impacts, as appropriate. The risk and impact mitigation hierarchy is further discussed and specified in the context of Performance Standards 2 through 8, where relevant. +2 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 + To promote improved environmental and social performance of clients through the effective use of management systems. + To ensure that grievances from Affected Communities and external communications from other stakeholders are responded to and managed appropriately. + To promote and provide means for adequate engagement with Affected Communities throughout the project cycle on issues that could potentially affect them and to ensure that relevant environmental and social information is disclosed and disseminated. +Scope of Application +4. This Performance Standard applies to business activities with environmental and/or social risks and/or impacts. For the purposes of this Performance Standard, the term “project” refers to a defined set of business activities, including those where specific physical elements, aspects, and facilities likely to generate risks and impacts, have yet to be identified.6 Where applicable, this could include aspects from the early developmental stages through the entire life cycle (design, construction, commissioning, operation, decommissioning, closure or, where applicable, post-closure) of a physical asset.7 The requirements of this Performance Standard apply to all business activities unless otherwise noted in the specific limitations described in each of the paragraphs below. +Requirements +Environmental and Social Assessment and Management System +5. The client, in coordination with other responsible government agencies and third parties as appropriate,8 will conduct a process of environmental and social assessment, and establish and maintain an ESMS appropriate to the nature and scale of the project and commensurate with the level of its environmental and social risks and impacts. The ESMS will incorporate the following elements: (i) policy; (ii) identification of risks and impacts; (iii) management programs; (iv) organizational capacity and competency; (v) emergency preparedness and response; (vi) stakeholder engagement; and (vii) monitoring and review. +Policy +6. The client will establish an overarching policy defining the environmental and social objectives and principles that guide the project to achieve sound environmental and social performance.9 The policy provides a framework for the environmental and social assessment and management process, and specifies that the project (or business activities, as appropriate) will comply with the applicable laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which it is being undertaken, including those laws implementing host country obligations under international law. The policy should be consistent with the principles of the Performance Standards. Under some circumstances, clients may also subscribe +6 For example, corporate entities which have portfolios of existing physical assets, and/or intend to develop or acquire new facilities, and investment funds or financial intermediaries with existing portfolios of assets and/or which intend to invest in new facilities. +7 Recognizing that this Performance Standard is used by a variety of financial institutions, investors, insurers, and owner/operators, each user should separately specify the business activities to which this Performance Standard should apply. +8 That is, those parties legally obligated and responsible for assessing and managing specific risks and impacts (e.g., government-led resettlement). +9 This requirement is a stand-alone, project-specific policy and is not intended to affect (or require alteration of) existing policies the client may have defined for non-related projects, business activities, or higher-level corporate activities. +3 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +to other internationally recognized standards, certification schemes, or codes of practice and these too should be included in the policy. The policy will indicate who, within the client’s organization, will ensure conformance with the policy and be responsible for its execution (with reference to an appropriate responsible government agency or third party, as necessary). The client will communicate the policy to all levels of its organization. +Identification of Risks and Impacts +7. The client will establish and maintain a process for identifying the environmental and social risks and impacts of the project (see paragraph 18 for competency requirements). The type, scale, and location of the project guide the scope and level of effort devoted to the risks and impacts identification process. The scope of the risks and impacts identification process will be consistent with good international industry practice,10 and will determine the appropriate and relevant methods and assessment tools. The process may comprise a full-scale environmental and social impact assessment, a limited or focused environmental and social assessment, or straightforward application of environmental siting, pollution standards, design criteria, or construction standards.11 When the project involves existing assets, environmental and/or social audits or risk/hazard assessments can be appropriate and sufficient to identify risks and impacts. If assets to be developed, acquired or financed have yet to be defined, the establishment of an environmental and social due diligence process will identify risks and impacts at a point in the future when the physical elements, assets, and facilities are reasonably understood. The risks and impacts identification process will be based on recent environmental and social baseline data at an appropriate level of detail. The process will consider all relevant environmental and social risks and impacts of the project, including the issues identified in Performance Standards 2 through 8, and those who are likely to be affected by such risks and impacts.12 The risks and impacts identification process will consider the emissions of greenhouse gases, the relevant risks associated with a changing climate and the adaptation opportunities, and potential transboundary effects, such as pollution of air, or use or pollution of international waterways. +8. Where the project involves specifically identified physical elements, aspects, and facilities that are likely to generate impacts, environmental and social risks and impacts will be identified in the context of the project’s area of influence. This area of influence encompasses, as appropriate: + The area likely to be affected by: (i) the project13 and the client’s activities and facilities that are directly owned, operated or managed (including by contractors) and that are a component of the project;14 (ii) impacts from unplanned but predictable developments caused by the project that may occur later or at a different location; or (iii) indirect project impacts on biodiversity or on ecosystem services upon which Affected Communities’ livelihoods are dependent. +10 Defined as the exercise of professional skill, diligence, prudence, and foresight that would reasonably be expected from skilled and experienced professionals engaged in the same type of undertaking under the same or similar circumstances globally or regionally. +11 For greenfield developments or large expansions with specifically indentified physical elements, aspects, and facilities that are likely to generate potential significant environmental or social impacts, the client will conduct a comprehensive Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, including an examination of alternatives, where appropriate. +12 In limited high risk circumstances, it may be appropriate for the client to complement its environmental and social risks and impacts identification process with specific human rights due diligence as relevant to the particular business. +13 Examples include the project’s sites, the immediate airshed and watershed, or transport corridors. +14 Examples include power transmission corridors, pipelines, canals, tunnels, relocation and access roads, borrow and disposal areas, construction camps, and contaminated land (e.g., soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediments). +4 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 + Associated facilities, which are facilities that are not funded as part of the project and that would not have been constructed or expanded if the project did not exist and without which the project would not be viable.15 + Cumulative impacts16 that result from the incremental impact, on areas or resources used or directly impacted by the project, from other existing, planned or reasonably defined developments at the time the risks and impacts identification process is conducted. +9. In the event of risks and impacts in the project’s area of influence resulting from a third party’s actions, the client will address those risks and impacts in a manner commensurate with the client’s control and influence over the third parties, and with due regard to conflict of interest. +10. Where the client can reasonably exercise control, the risks and impacts identification process will also consider those risks and impacts associated with primary supply chains, as defined in Performance Standard 2 (paragraphs 27–29) and Performance Standard 6 (paragraph 30). +11. Where the project involves specifically identified physical elements, aspects and facilities that are likely to generate environmental and social impacts, the identification of risks and impacts will take into account the findings and conclusions of related and applicable plans, studies, or assessments prepared by relevant government authorities or other parties that are directly related to the project and its area of influence.17 These include master economic development plans, country or regional plans, feasibility studies, alternatives analyses, and cumulative, regional, sectoral, or strategic environmental assessments where relevant. The risks and impacts identification will take account of the outcome of the engagement process with Affected Communities as appropriate. +12. Where the project involves specifically identified physical elements, aspects and facilities that are likely to generate impacts, and as part of the process of identifying risks and impacts, the client will identify individuals and groups that may be directly and differentially or disproportionately affected by the project because of their disadvantaged or vulnerable status.18 Where individuals or groups are identified as disadvantaged or vulnerable, the client will propose and implement differentiated measures so that adverse impacts do not fall disproportionately on them and they are not disadvantaged in sharing development benefits and opportunities. +Management Programs +13. Consistent with the client’s policy and the objectives and principles described therein, the client will establish management programs that, in sum, will describe mitigation and performance improvement measures and actions that address the identified environmental and social risks and impacts of the project. +15 Associated facilities may include railways, roads, captive power plants or transmission lines, pipelines, utilities, warehouses, and logistics terminals. +16 Cumulative impacts are limited to those impacts generally recognized as important on the basis of scientific concerns and/or concerns from Affected Communities. Examples of cumulative impacts include: incremental contribution of gaseous emissions to an airshed; reduction of water flows in a watershed due to multiple withdrawals; increases in sediment loads to a watershed; interference with migratory routes or wildlife movement; or more traffic congestion and accidents due to increases in vehicular traffic on community roadways. +17 The client can take these into account by focusing on the project’s incremental contribution to selected impacts generally recognized as important on the basis of scientific concern or concerns from the Affected Communities within the area addressed by these larger scope regional studies or cumulative assessments. +18 This disadvantaged or vulnerable status may stem from an individual’s or group’s race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, or other status. The client should also consider factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, culture, literacy, sickness, physical or mental disability, poverty or economic disadvantage, and dependence on unique natural resources. +5 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +14. Depending on the nature and scale of the project, these programs may consist of some documented combination of operational procedures, practices, plans, and related supporting documents (including legal agreements) that are managed in a systematic way.19 The programs may apply broadly across the client’s organization, including contractors and primary suppliers over which the organization has control or influence, or to specific sites, facilities, or activities. The mitigation hierarchy to address identified risks and impacts will favor the avoidance of impacts over minimization, and, where residual impacts remain, compensation/offset, wherever technically20 and financially feasible.21 +15. Where the identified risks and impacts cannot be avoided, the client will identify mitigation and performance measures and establish corresponding actions to ensure the project will operate in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and meet the requirements of Performance Standards 1 through 8. The level of detail and complexity of this collective management program and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts, and will take account of the outcome of the engagement process with Affected Communities as appropriate. +16. The management programs will establish environmental and social Action Plans,22 which will define desired outcomes and actions to address the issues raised in the risks and impacts identification process, as measurable events to the extent possible, with elements such as performance indicators, targets, or acceptance criteria that can be tracked over defined time periods, and with estimates of the resources and responsibilities for implementation. As appropriate, the management program will recognize and incorporate the role of relevant actions and events controlled by third parties to address identified risks and impacts. Recognizing the dynamic nature of the project, the management program will be responsive to changes in circumstances, unforeseen events, and the results of monitoring and review. +Organizational Capacity and Competency +17. The client, in collaboration with appropriate and relevant third parties, will establish, maintain, and strengthen as necessary an organizational structure that defines roles, responsibilities, and authority to implement the ESMS. Specific personnel, including management representative(s), with clear lines of responsibility and authority should be designated. Key environmental and social responsibilities should be well defined and communicated to the relevant personnel and to the rest of the client’s organization. Sufficient management sponsorship and human and financial resources will be provided on an ongoing basis to achieve effective and continuous environmental and social performance. +19 Existing legal agreements between the client and third parties that address mitigation actions with regard to specific impacts constitute part of a program. Examples are government-managed resettlement responsibilities specified in an agreement. +20 Technical feasibility is based on whether the proposed measures and actions can be implemented with commercially available skills, equipment, and materials, taking into consideration prevailing local factors such as climate, geography, demography, infrastructure, security, governance, capacity, and operational reliability. +21 Financial feasibility is based on commercial considerations, including relative magnitude of the incremental cost of adopting such measures and actions compared to the project’s investment, operating, and maintenance costs, and on whether this incremental cost could make the project nonviable to the client. +22 Action plans may include an overall Environmental and Social Action Plan necessary for carrying out a suite of mitigation measures or thematic action plans, such as Resettlement Action Plans or Biodiversity Action Plans. Action plans may be plans designed to fill in the gaps of existing management programs to ensure consistency with the Performance Standards, or they may be stand alone plans that specify the project’s mitigation strategy. The “Action plan” terminology is understood by some communities of practice to mean Management plans, or Development plans. In this case, examples are numerous and include various types of environmental and social management plans. +6 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +18. Personnel within the client’s organization with direct responsibility for the project’s environmental and social performance will have the knowledge, skills, and experience necessary to perform their work, including current knowledge of the host country’s regulatory requirements and the applicable requirements of Performance Standards 1 through 8. Personnel will also possess the knowledge, skills, and experience to implement the specific measures and actions required under the ESMS and the methods required to perform the actions in a competent and efficient manner. +19. The process of identification of risks and impacts will consist of an adequate, accurate, and objective evaluation and presentation, prepared by competent professionals. For projects posing potentially significant adverse impacts or where technically complex issues are involved, clients may be required to involve external experts to assist in the risks and impacts identification process. +Emergency Preparedness and Response +20. Where the project involves specifically identified physical elements, aspects and facilities that are likely to generate impacts, the ESMS will establish and maintain an emergency preparedness and response system so that the client, in collaboration with appropriate and relevant third parties, will be prepared to respond to accidental and emergency situations associated with the project in a manner appropriate to prevent and mitigate any harm to people and/or the environment. This preparation will include the identification of areas where accidents and emergency situations may occur, communities and individuals that may be impacted, response procedures, provision of equipment and resources, designation of responsibilities, communication, including that with potentially Affected Communities and periodic training to ensure effective response. The emergency preparedness and response activities will be periodically reviewed and revised, as necessary, to reflect changing conditions. +21. Where applicable, the client will also assist and collaborate with the potentially Affected Communities (see Performance Standard 4) and the local government agencies in their preparations to respond effectively to emergency situations, especially when their participation and collaboration are necessary to ensure effective response. If local government agencies have little or no capacity to respond effectively, the client will play an active role in preparing for and responding to emergencies associated with the project. The client will document its emergency preparedness and response activities, resources, and responsibilities, and will provide appropriate information to potentially Affected Community and relevant government agencies. +Monitoring and Review +22. The client will establish procedures to monitor and measure the effectiveness of the management program, as well as compliance with any related legal and/or contractual obligations and regulatory requirements. Where the government or other third party has responsibility for managing specific risks and impacts and associated mitigation measures, the client will collaborate in establishing and monitoring such mitigation measures. Where appropriate, clients will consider involving representatives from Affected Communities to participate in monitoring activities.23 The client’s monitoring program should be overseen by the appropriate level in the organization. For projects with significant impacts, the client will retain external experts to verify its monitoring information. The extent of monitoring should be commensurate with the project’s environmental and social risks and impacts and with compliance requirements. +23. In addition to recording information to track performance and establishing relevant operational controls, the client should use dynamic mechanisms, such as internal inspections and audits, where relevant, to verify compliance and progress toward the desired outcomes. Monitoring will normally +23 For example, participatory water monitoring. +7 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +include recording information to track performance and comparing this against the previously established benchmarks or requirements in the management program. Monitoring should be adjusted according to performance experience and actions requested by relevant regulatory authorities. The client will document monitoring results and identify and reflect the necessary corrective and preventive actions in the amended management program and plans. The client, in collaboration with appropriate and relevant third parties, will implement these corrective and preventive actions, and follow up on these actions in upcoming monitoring cycles to ensure their effectiveness. +24. Senior management in the client organization will receive periodic performance reviews of the effectiveness of the ESMS, based on systematic data collection and analysis. The scope and frequency of such reporting will depend upon the nature and scope of the activities identified and undertaken in accordance with the client’s ESMS and other applicable project requirements. Based on results within these performance reviews, senior management will take the necessary and appropriate steps to ensure the intent of the client’s policy is met, that procedures, practices, and plans are being implemented, and are seen to be effective. +Stakeholder Engagement +25. Stakeholder engagement is the basis for building strong, constructive, and responsive relationships that are essential for the successful management of a project's environmental and social impacts.24 Stakeholder engagement is an ongoing process that may involve, in varying degrees, the following elements: stakeholder analysis and planning, disclosure and dissemination of information, consultation and participation, grievance mechanism, and ongoing reporting to Affected Communities. The nature, frequency, and level of effort of stakeholder engagement may vary considerably and will be commensurate with the project’s risks and adverse impacts, and the project’s phase of development. +Stakeholder Analysis and Engagement Planning +26. Clients should identify the range of stakeholders that may be interested in their actions and consider how external communications might facilitate a dialog with all stakeholders (paragraph 34 below). Where projects involve specifically identified physical elements, aspects and/or facilities that are likely to generate adverse environmental and social impacts to Affected Communities the client will identify the Affected Communities and will meet the relevant requirements described below. +27. The client will develop and implement a Stakeholder Engagement Plan that is scaled to the project risks and impacts and development stage, and be tailored to the characteristics and interests of the Affected Communities. Where applicable, the Stakeholder Engagement Plan will include differentiated measures to allow the effective participation of those identified as disadvantaged or vulnerable. When the stakeholder engagement process depends substantially on community representatives,25 the client will make every reasonable effort to verify that such persons do in fact represent the views of Affected Communities and that they can be relied upon to faithfully communicate the results of consultations to their constituents. +28. In cases where the exact location of the project is not known, but it is reasonably expected to have significant impacts on local communities, the client will prepare a Stakeholder Engagement Framework, as part of its management program, outlining general principles and a strategy to identify Affected Communities and other relevant stakeholders and plan for an engagement process +24 Requirements regarding engagement of workers and related grievance redress procedures are found in Performance Standard 2. +25 For example, community and religious leaders, local government representatives, civil society representatives, politicians, school teachers, and/or others representing one or more affected stakeholder groups. +8 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +compatible with this Performance Standard that will be implemented once the physical location of the project is known. +Disclosure of Information +29. Disclosure of relevant project information helps Affected Communities and other stakeholders understand the risks, impacts and opportunities of the project. The client will provide Affected Communities with access to relevant information26 on: (i) the purpose, nature, and scale of the project; (ii) the duration of proposed project activities; (iii) any risks to and potential impacts on such communities and relevant mitigation measures; (iv) the envisaged stakeholder engagement process; and (v) the grievance mechanism. +Consultation +30. When Affected Communities are subject to identified risks and adverse impacts from a project, the client will undertake a process of consultation in a manner that provides the Affected Communities with opportunities to express their views on project risks, impacts and mitigation measures, and allows the client to consider and respond to them. The extent and degree of engagement required by the consultation process should be commensurate with the project’s risks and adverse impacts and with the concerns raised by the Affected Communities. Effective consultation is a two-way process that should: (i) begin early in the process of identification of environmental and social risks and impacts and continue on an ongoing basis as risks and impacts arise; (ii) be based on the prior disclosure and dissemination of relevant, transparent, objective, meaningful and easily accessible information which is in a culturally appropriate local language(s) and format and is understandable to Affected Communities; (iii) focus inclusive27 engagement on those directly affected as opposed to those not directly affected; (iv) be free of external manipulation, interference, coercion, or intimidation; (v) enable meaningful participation, where applicable; and (vi) be documented. The client will tailor its consultation process to the language preferences of the Affected Communities, their decision-making process, and the needs of disadvantaged or vulnerable groups. If clients have already engaged in such a process, they will provide adequate documented evidence of such engagement. +Informed Consultation and Participation +31. For projects with potentially significant adverse impacts on Affected Communities, the client will conduct an Informed Consultation and Participation (ICP) process that will build upon the steps outlined above in Consultation and will result in the Affected Communities’ informed participation. ICP involves a more in-depth exchange of views and information, and an organized and iterative consultation, leading to the client’s incorporating into their decision-making process the views of the Affected Communities on matters that affect them directly, such as the proposed mitigation measures, the sharing of development benefits and opportunities, and implementation issues. The consultation process should (i) capture both men’s and women’s views, if necessary through separate forums or engagements, and (ii) reflect men’s and women’s different concerns and priorities about impacts, mitigation mechanisms, and benefits, where appropriate. The client will document the process, in particular the measures taken to avoid or minimize risks to and adverse impacts on the +26 Depending on the scale of the project and significance of the risks and impacts, relevant document(s) could range from full Environmental and Social Assessments and Action Plans (i.e., Stakeholder Engagement Plan, Resettlement Action Plans, Biodiversity Action Plans, Hazardous Materials Management Plans, Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans, Community Health and Safety Plans, Ecosystem Restoration Plans, and Indigenous Peoples Development Plans, etc.) to easy-to-understand summaries of key issues and commitments. These documents could also include the client’s environmental and social policy and any supplemental measures and actions defined as a result of independent due diligence conducted by financiers. +27 Such as men, women, the elderly, youth, displaced persons, and vulnerable and disadvantaged persons or groups. +9 +Performance Standard 1 +Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks +and Impacts +January 1, 2012 +Affected Communities, and will inform those affected about how their concerns have been considered. +Indigenous Peoples +32. For projects with adverse impacts to Indigenous Peoples, the client is required to engage them in a process of ICP and in certain circumstances the client is required to obtain their Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC). The requirements related to Indigenous Peoples and the definition of the special circumstances requiring FPIC are described in Performance Standard 7. +Private Sector Responsibilities Under Government-Led Stakeholder Engagement +33. Where stakeholder engagement is the responsibility of the host government, the client will collaborate with the responsible government agency, to the extent permitted by the agency, to achieve outcomes that are consistent with the objectives of this Performance Standard. In addition, where government capacity is limited, the client will play an active role during the stakeholder engagement planning, implementation, and monitoring. If the process conducted by the government does not meet the relevant requirements of this Performance Standard, the client will conduct a complementary process and, where appropriate, identify supplemental actions. +External Communications and Grievance Mechanisms +External Communications +34. Clients will implement and maintain a procedure for external communications that includes methods to (i) receive and register external communications from the public; (ii) screen and assess the issues raised and determine how to address them; (iii) provide, track, and document responses, if any; and (iv) adjust the management program, as appropriate. In addition, clients are encouraged to make publicly available periodic reports on their environmental and social sustainability. +Grievance Mechanism for Affected Communities +35. Where there are Affected Communities, the client will establish a grievance mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of Affected Communities’ concerns and grievances about the client’s environmental and social performance. The grievance mechanism should be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the project and have Affected Communities as its primary user. It should seek to resolve concerns promptly, using an understandable and transparent consultative process that is culturally appropriate and readily accessible, and at no cost and without retribution to the party that originated the issue or concern. The mechanism should not impede access to judicial or administrative remedies. The client will inform the Affected Communities about the mechanism in the course of the stakeholder engagement process. +Ongoing Reporting to Affected Communities +36. The client will provide periodic reports to the Affected Communities that describe progress with implementation of the project Action Plans on issues that involve ongoing risk to or impacts on Affected Communities and on issues that the consultation process or grievance mechanism have identified as a concern to those Communities. If the management program results in material changes in or additions to the mitigation measures or actions described in the Action Plans on issues of concern to the Affected Communities, the updated relevant mitigation measures or actions will be communicated to them. The frequency of these reports will be proportionate to the concerns of Affected Communities but not less than annually. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 2 +Labor and Working Conditions +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 2 recognizes that the pursuit of economic growth through employment creation and income generation should be accompanied by protection of the fundamental1 rights of workers. For any business, the workforce is a valuable asset, and a sound worker-management relationship is a key ingredient in the sustainability of a company. Failure to establish and foster a sound worker-management relationship can undermine worker commitment and retention, and can jeopardize a project. Conversely, through a constructive worker-management relationship, and by treating the workers fairly and providing them with safe and healthy working conditions, clients may create tangible benefits, such as enhancement of the efficiency and productivity of their operations. +2. The requirements set out in this Performance Standard have been in part guided by a number of international conventions and instruments, including those of the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the United Nations (UN).2 +Objectives + To promote the fair treatment, non-discrimination, and equal opportunity of workers. + To establish, maintain, and improve the worker-management relationship. + To promote compliance with national employment and labor laws. + To protect workers, including vulnerable categories of workers such as children, migrant workers, workers engaged by third parties, and workers in the client’s supply chain. + To promote safe and healthy working conditions, and the health of workers. + To avoid the use of forced labor. +Scope of Application +3. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS), the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. +4. The scope of application of this Performance Standard depends on the type of employment relationship between the client and the worker. It applies to workers directly engaged by the client (direct workers), workers engaged through third parties to perform work related to core business +1 As guided by the ILO Conventions listed in footnote 2. +2 These conventions are: +ILO Convention 87 on Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize +ILO Convention 98 on the Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining +ILO Convention 29 on Forced Labor +ILO Convention 105 on the Abolition of Forced Labor +ILO Convention 138 on Minimum Age (of Employment) +ILO Convention 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labor +ILO Convention 100 on Equal Remuneration +ILO Convention 111 on Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) +UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 32.1 +UN Convention on the Protection of the Rights of all Migrant Workers and Members of their Families +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 2 +Labor and Working Conditions +processes3 of the project for a substantial duration (contracted workers), as well as workers engaged +by the client’s primary suppliers (supply chain workers).4 +Direct Workers +5. With respect to direct workers, the client will apply the requirements of paragraphs 8–23 of this +Performance Standard. +Contracted Workers +6. With respect to contracted workers, the client will apply the requirements of paragraphs 23–26 of +this Performance Standard. +Supply Chain Workers +7. With respect to supply chain workers, the client will apply the requirements of paragraphs 27–29 +of this Performance Standard. +Requirements +Working Conditions and Management of Worker Relationship +Human Resources Policies and Procedures +8. The client will adopt and implement human resources policies and procedures appropriate to its +size and workforce that set out its approach to managing workers consistent with the requirements of +this Performance Standard and national law. +9. The client will provide workers with documented information that is clear and understandable, +regarding their rights under national labor and employment law and any applicable collective +agreements, including their rights related to hours of work, wages, overtime, compensation, and +benefits upon beginning the working relationship and when any material changes occur. +Working Conditions and Terms of Employment +10. Where the client is a party to a collective bargaining agreement with a workers’ organization, +such agreement will be respected. Where such agreements do not exist, or do not address working +conditions and terms of employment,5 the client will provide reasonable working conditions and terms +of employment.6 +11. The client will identify migrant workers and ensure that they are engaged on substantially +equivalent terms and conditions to non-migrant workers carrying out similar work. +3 Core business processes constitute those production and/or service processes essential for a specific business +activity without which the business activity could not continue. +4 Primary suppliers are those suppliers who, on an ongoing basis, provide goods or materials essential for the +core business processes of the project. +5 Working conditions and terms of employment examples are wages and benefits; wage deductions; hours of +work; overtime arrangements and overtime compensation; breaks; rest days; and leave for illness, maternity, +vacation or holiday. +6 Reasonable working conditions and terms of employment could be assessed by reference to (i) conditions +established for work of the same character in the trade or industry concerned in the area/region where the work is +carried out; (ii) collective agreement or other recognized negotiation between other organizations of employers +and workers’ representatives in the trade or industry concerned; (iii) arbitration award; or (iv) conditions +established by national law. +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 2 +Labor and Working Conditions +12. Where accommodation services7 are provided to workers covered by the scope of this Performance Standard, the client will put in place and implement policies on the quality and management of the accommodation and provision of basic services.8 The accommodation services will be provided in a manner consistent with the principles of non-discrimination and equal opportunity. Workers’ accommodation arrangements should not restrict workers’ freedom of movement or of association. +Workers’ Organizations +13. In countries where national law recognizes workers’ rights to form and to join workers’ organizations of their choosing without interference and to bargain collectively, the client will comply with national law. Where national law substantially restricts workers’ organizations, the client will not restrict workers from developing alternative mechanisms to express their grievances and protect their rights regarding working conditions and terms of employment. The client should not seek to influence or control these mechanisms +14. In either case described in paragraph 13 of this Performance Standard, and where national law is silent, the client will not discourage workers from electing worker representatives, forming or joining workers’ organizations of their choosing, or from bargaining collectively, and will not discriminate or retaliate against workers who participate, or seek to participate, in such organizations and collective bargaining. The client will engage with such workers’ representatives and workers’ organizations, and provide them with information needed for meaningful negotiation in a timely manner. Workers’ organizations are expected to fairly represent the workers in the workforce. +Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunity +15. The client will not make employment decisions on the basis of personal characteristics9 unrelated to inherent job requirements. The client will base the employment relationship on the principle of equal opportunity and fair treatment, and will not discriminate with respect to any aspects of the employment relationship, such as recruitment and hiring, compensation (including wages and benefits), working conditions and terms of employment, access to training, job assignment, promotion, termination of employment or retirement, and disciplinary practices. The client will take measures to prevent and address harassment, intimidation, and/or exploitation, especially in regard to women. The principles of non-discrimination apply to migrant workers. +16. In countries where national law provides for non-discrimination in employment, the client will comply with national law. When national laws are silent on non-discrimination in employment, the client will meet this Performance Standard. In circumstances where national law is inconsistent with this Performance Standard, the client is encouraged to carry out its operations consistent with the intent of paragraph 15 above without contravening applicable laws. +17. Special measures of protection or assistance to remedy past discrimination or selection for a particular job based on the inherent requirements of the job will not be deemed as discrimination, provided they are consistent with national law. +7 Those services might be provided either directly by the client or by third parties. +8 Basic services requirements refer to minimum space, supply of water, adequate sewage and garbage disposal system, appropriate protection against heat, cold, damp, noise, fire and disease-carrying animals, adequate sanitary and washing facilities, ventilation, cooking and storage facilities and natural and artificial lighting, and in some cases basic medical services. +9 Such as gender, race, nationality, ethnic, social and indigenous origin, religion or belief, disability, age, or sexual orientation. +January 1, 2012 +4 +Performance Standard 2 +Labor and Working Conditions +Retrenchment +18. Prior to implementing any collective dismissals,10 the client will carry out an analysis of alternatives to retrenchment.11 If the analysis does not identify viable alternatives to retrenchment, a retrenchment plan will be developed and implemented to reduce the adverse impacts of retrenchment on workers. The retrenchment plan will be based on the principle of non-discrimination and will reflect the client’s consultation with workers, their organizations, and, where appropriate, the government, and comply with collective bargaining agreements if they exist. The client will comply with all legal and contractual requirements related to notification of public authorities, and provision of information to, and consultation with workers and their organizations. +19. The client should ensure that all workers receive notice of dismissal and severance payments mandated by law and collective agreements in a timely manner. All outstanding back pay and social security benefits and pension contributions and benefits will be paid (i) on or before termination of the working relationship to the workers, (ii) where appropriate, for the benefit of the workers, or (iii) payment will be made in accordance with a timeline agreed through a collective agreement. Where payments are made for the benefit of workers, workers will be provided with evidence of such payments. +Grievance Mechanism +20. The client will provide a grievance mechanism for workers (and their organizations, where they exist) to raise workplace concerns. The client will inform the workers of the grievance mechanism at the time of recruitment and make it easily accessible to them. The mechanism should involve an appropriate level of management and address concerns promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that provides timely feedback to those concerned, without any retribution. The mechanism should also allow for anonymous complaints to be raised and addressed. The mechanism should not impede access to other judicial or administrative remedies that might be available under the law or through existing arbitration procedures, or substitute for grievance mechanisms provided through collective agreements. +Protecting the Work Force +Child Labor +21. The client will not employ children in any manner that is economically exploitative, or is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral, or social development. The client will identify the presence of all persons under the age of 18. Where national laws have provisions for the employment of minors, the client will follow those laws applicable to the client. Children under the age of 18 will not be employed in hazardous work.12 All work of persons under the age of 18 will be subject to an appropriate risk assessment and regular monitoring of health, working conditions, and hours of work. +10 Collective dismissals cover all multiple dismissals that are a result of an economic, technical, or organizational reason; or other reasons that are not related to performance or other personal reasons. +11 Examples of alternatives may include negotiated working-time reduction programs, employee capacity-building programs; long-term maintenance works during low production periods, etc. +12 Examples of hazardous work activities include work (i) with exposure to physical, psychological, or sexual abuse; (ii) underground, underwater, working at heights, or in confined spaces; (iii) with dangerous machinery, equipment, or tools, or involving handling of heavy loads; (iv) in unhealthy environments exposing the worker to hazardous substances, agents, processes, temperatures, noise, or vibration damaging to health; or (v) under difficult conditions such as long hours, late night, or confinement by employer. +January 1, 2012 +5 +Performance Standard 2 +Labor and Working Conditions +Forced Labor +22. The client will not employ forced labor, which consists of any work or service not voluntarily performed that is exacted from an individual under threat of force or penalty. This covers any kind of involuntary or compulsory labor, such as indentured labor, bonded labor, or similar labor-contracting arrangements. The client will not employ trafficked persons.13 +Occupational Health and Safety +23. The client will provide a safe and healthy work environment, taking into account inherent risks in its particular sector and specific classes of hazards in the client’s work areas, including physical, chemical, biological, and radiological hazards, and specific threats to women. The client will take steps to prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring in the course of work by minimizing, as far as reasonably practicable, the causes of hazards. In a manner consistent with good international industry practice,14 as reflected in various internationally recognized sources including the World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines, the client will address areas that include the (i) identification of potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life-threatening; (ii) provision of preventive and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances; (iii) training of workers; (iv) documentation and reporting of occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; and (v) emergency prevention, preparedness, and response arrangements. For additional information related to emergency preparedness and response refer to Performance Standard 1. +Workers Engaged by Third Parties +24. With respect to contracted workers the client will take commercially reasonable efforts to ascertain that the third parties who engage these workers are reputable and legitimate enterprises and have an appropriate ESMS that will allow them to operate in a manner consistent with the requirements of this Performance Standard, except for paragraphs 18–19, and 27–29. +25. The client will establish policies and procedures for managing and monitoring the performance of such third party employers in relation to the requirements of this Performance Standard. In addition, the client will use commercially reasonable efforts to incorporate these requirements in contractual agreements with such third party employers. +26. The client will ensure that contracted workers, covered in paragraphs 24–25 of this Performance Standard, have access to a grievance mechanism. In cases where the third party is not able to provide a grievance mechanism the client will extend its own grievance mechanism to serve workers engaged by the third party. +13 Trafficking in persons is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power, or of a position of vulnerability, or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Women and children are particularly vulnerable to trafficking practices. +14 Defined as the exercise of professional skill, diligence, prudence, and foresight that would reasonably be expected from skilled and experienced professionals engaged in the same type of undertaking under the same or similar circumstances, globally or regionally. +January 1, 2012 +6 +Performance Standard 2 +Labor and Working Conditions +Supply Chain +27. Where there is a high risk of child labor or forced labor15 in the primary supply chain, the client will identify those risks consistent with paragraphs 21 and 22 above. If child labor or forced labor cases are identified, the client will take appropriate steps to remedy them. The client will monitor its primary supply chain on an ongoing basis in order to identify any significant changes in its supply chain and if new risks or incidents of child and/or forced labor are identified, the client will take appropriate steps to remedy them. +28. Additionally, where there is a high risk of significant safety issues related to supply chain workers, the client will introduce procedures and mitigation measures to ensure that primary suppliers within the supply chain are taking steps to prevent or to correct life-threatening situations. +29. The ability of the client to fully address these risks will depend upon the client’s level of management control or influence over its primary suppliers. Where remedy is not possible, the client will shift the project’s primary supply chain over time to suppliers that can demonstrate that they are complying with this Performance Standard. +15 The potential risk of child labor and forced labor will be determined during the risks and impacts identification process as required in Performance Standard 1. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 3 +Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 3 recognizes that increased economic activity and urbanization often generate increased levels of pollution to air, water, and land, and consume finite resources in a manner that may threaten people and the environment at the local, regional, and global levels.1 There is also a growing global consensus that the current and projected atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) threatens the public health and welfare of current and future generations. At the same time, more efficient and effective resource use and pollution prevention2 and GHG emission avoidance and mitigation technologies and practices have become more accessible and achievable in virtually all parts of the world. These are often implemented through continuous improvement methodologies similar to those used to enhance quality or productivity, which are generally well known to most industrial, agricultural, and service sector companies. +2. This Performance Standard outlines a project-level approach to resource efficiency and pollution prevention and control in line with internationally disseminated technologies and practices. In addition, this Performance Standard promotes the ability of private sector companies to adopt such technologies and practices as far as their use is feasible in the context of a project that relies on commercially available skills and resources. +Objectives + To avoid or minimize adverse impacts on human health and the environment by avoiding or minimizing pollution from project activities. + To promote more sustainable use of resources, including energy and water. + To reduce project-related GHG emissions. +Scope of Application +3. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System, the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. +Requirements +4. During the project life-cycle, the client will consider ambient conditions and apply technically and financially feasible resource efficiency and pollution prevention principles and techniques that are best suited to avoid, or where avoidance is not possible, minimize adverse impacts on human health and the environment.3 The principles and techniques applied during the project life-cycle will be +1 For the purposes of this Performance Standard, the term “pollution” is used to refer to both hazardous and non-hazardous chemical pollutants in the solid, liquid, or gaseous phases, and includes other components such as pests, pathogens, thermal discharge to water, GHG emissions, nuisance odors, noise, vibration, radiation, electromagnetic energy, and the creation of potential visual impacts including light. +2 For the purpose of this Performance Standard, the term “pollution prevention” does not mean absolute elimination of emissions, but the avoidance at source whenever possible, and, if not possible, then subsequent minimization of pollution to the extent that the Performance Standard objectives are satisfied. +3 Technical feasibility is based on whether the proposed measures and actions can be implemented with commercially available skills, equipment, and materials, taking into consideration prevailing local factors such as climate, geography, infrastructure, security, governance, capacity and operational reliability. Financial feasibility is +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 3 +Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention +tailored to the hazards and risks associated with the nature of the project and consistent with good international industry practice (GIIP),4 as reflected in various internationally recognized sources, including the World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS Guidelines). +5. The client will refer to the EHS Guidelines or other internationally recognized sources, as appropriate, when evaluating and selecting resource efficiency and pollution prevention and control techniques for the project. The EHS Guidelines contain the performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable and applicable to projects. When host country regulations differ from the levels and measures presented in the EHS Guidelines, clients will be required to achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures than those provided in the EHS Guidelines are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the client will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives through the environmental and social risks and impacts identification and assessment process. This justification must demonstrate that the choice for any alternate performance levels is consistent with the objectives of this Performance Standard. +Resource Efficiency +6. The client will implement technically and financially feasible and cost effective5 measures for improving efficiency in its consumption of energy, water, as well as other resources and material inputs, with a focus on areas that are considered core business activities. Such measures will integrate the principles of cleaner production into product design and production processes with the objective of conserving raw materials, energy, and water. Where benchmarking data are available, the client will make a comparison to establish the relative level of efficiency. +Greenhouse Gases +7. In addition to the resource efficiency measures described above, the client will consider alternatives and implement technically and financially feasible and cost-effective options to reduce project-related GHG emissions during the design and operation of the project. These options may include, but are not limited to, alternative project locations, adoption of renewable or low carbon energy sources, sustainable agricultural, forestry and livestock management practices, the reduction of fugitive emissions and the reduction of gas flaring. +8. For projects that are expected to or currently produce more than 25,000 tonnes of CO2-equivalent annually,6 the client will quantify direct emissions from the facilities owned or controlled within the physical project boundary,7 as well as indirect emissions associated with the off-site +based on commercial considerations, including relative magnitude of the incremental cost of adopting such measures and actions compared to the project’s investment, operating, and maintenance costs. +4 GIIP is defined as the exercise of professional skill, diligence, prudence, and foresight that would reasonably be expected from skilled and experienced professionals engaged in the same type of undertaking under the same or similar circumstances globally or regionally. The outcome of such exercise should be that the project employs the most appropriate technologies in the project-specific circumstances. +5 Cost-effectiveness is determined according to the capital and operational cost and financial benefits of the measure considered over the life of the measure. For the purpose of this Performance Standard, a resource efficiency or GHG emissions reduction measure is considered cost-effective if it is expected to provide a risk-rated return on investment at least comparable to the project itself. +6 The quantification of emissions should consider all significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions, including non-energy related sources such as methane and nitrous oxide, among others. +7 Project-induced changes in soil carbon content or above ground biomass, and project-induced decay of organic matter may contribute to direct emissions sources and shall be included in this emissions quantification where such emissions are expected to be significant. +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 3 +Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention +production of energy8 used by the project. Quantification of GHG emissions will be conducted by the +client annually in accordance with internationally recognized methodologies and good practice.9 +Water Consumption +9. When the project is a potentially significant consumer of water, in addition to applying the +resource efficiency requirements of this Performance Standard, the client shall adopt measures that +avoid or reduce water usage so that the project’s water consumption does not have significant +adverse impacts on others. These measures include, but are not limited to, the use of additional +technically feasible water conservation measures within the client’s operations, the use of alternative +water supplies, water consumption offsets to reduce total demand for water resources to within the +available supply, and evaluation of alternative project locations. +Pollution Prevention +10. The client will avoid the release of pollutants or, when avoidance is not feasible, minimize and/or +control the intensity and mass flow of their release. This applies to the release of pollutants to air, +water, and land due to routine, non-routine, and accidental circumstances with the potential for local, +regional, and transboundary impacts.10 Where historical pollution such as land or ground water +contamination exists, the client will seek to determine whether it is responsible for mitigation +measures. If it is determined that the client is legally responsible, then these liabilities will be resolved +in accordance with national law, or where this is silent, with GIIP.11 +11. To address potential adverse project impacts on existing ambient conditions,12 the client will +consider relevant factors, including, for example (i) existing ambient conditions; (ii) the finite +assimilative capacity13 of the environment; (iii) existing and future land use; (iv) the project’s proximity +to areas of importance to biodiversity; and (v) the potential for cumulative impacts with uncertain +and/or irreversible consequences. In addition to applying resource efficiency and pollution control +measures as required in this Performance Standard, when the project has the potential to constitute +a significant source of emissions in an already degraded area, the client will consider additional +strategies and adopt measures that avoid or reduce negative effects. These strategies include, but +are not limited to, evaluation of project location alternatives and emissions offsets. +Wastes +12. The client will avoid the generation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste materials. Where +waste generation cannot be avoided, the client will reduce the generation of waste, and recover and +reuse waste in a manner that is safe for human health and the environment. Where waste cannot be +recovered or reused, the client will treat, destroy, or dispose of it in an environmentally sound manner +that includes the appropriate control of emissions and residues resulting from the handling and +processing of the waste material. If the generated waste is considered hazardous,14 the client will +8 Refers to the off-site generation by others of electricity, and heating and cooling energy used in the project. +9 Estimation methodologies are provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, various +international organizations, and relevant host country agencies. +10 Transboundary pollutants include those covered under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air +Pollution. +11 This may require coordination with national and local government, communities, and the contributors to the +contamination, and that any assessment follows a risk-based approach consistent with GIIP as reflected in the +EHS Guidelines. +12 Such as air, surface and groundwater, and soils. +13 The capacity of the environment for absorbing an incremental load of pollutants while remaining below a +threshold of unacceptable risk to human health and the environment. +14 As defined by international conventions or local legislation. +January 1, 2012 +4 +Performance Standard 3 +Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention +adopt GIIP alternatives for its environmentally sound disposal while adhering to the limitations +applicable to its transboundary movement.15 When hazardous waste disposal is conducted by third +parties, the client will use contractors that are reputable and legitimate enterprises licensed by the +relevant government regulatory agencies and obtain chain of custody documentation to the final +destination. The client should ascertain whether licensed disposal sites are being operated to +acceptable standards and where they are, the client will use these sites. Where this is not the case, +clients should reduce waste sent to such sites and consider alternative disposal options, including +the possibility of developing their own recovery or disposal facilities at the project site. +Hazardous Materials Management +13. Hazardous materials are sometimes used as raw material or produced as product by the project. +The client will avoid or, when avoidance is not possible, minimize and control the release of +hazardous materials. In this context, the production, transportation, handling, storage, and use of +hazardous materials for project activities should be assessed. The client will consider less hazardous +substitutes where hazardous materials are intended to be used in manufacturing processes or other +operations. The client will avoid the manufacture, trade, and use of chemicals and hazardous +materials subject to international bans or phase-outs due to their high toxicity to living organisms, +environmental persistence, potential for bioaccumulation, or potential for depletion of the ozone +layer.16 +Pesticide Use and Management +14. The client will, where appropriate, formulate and implement an integrated pest management +(IPM) and/or integrated vector management (IVM) approach targeting economically significant pest +infestations and disease vectors of public health significance. The client’s IPM and IVM program will +integrate coordinated use of pest and environmental information along with available pest control +methods, including cultural practices, biological, genetic, and, as a last resort, chemical means to +prevent economically significant pest damage and/or disease transmission to humans and animals. +15. When pest management activities include the use of chemical pesticides, the client will select +chemical pesticides that are low in human toxicity, that are known to be effective against the target +species, and that have minimal effects on non-target species and the environment. When the client +selects chemical pesticides, the selection will be based upon requirements that the pesticides be +packaged in safe containers, be clearly labeled for safe and proper use, and that the pesticides have +been manufactured by an entity currently licensed by relevant regulatory agencies. +16. The client will design its pesticide application regime to (i) avoid damage to natural enemies of +the target pest, and where avoidance is not possible, minimize, and (ii) avoid the risks associated +with the development of resistance in pests and vectors, and where avoidance is not possible +minimize. In addition, pesticides will be handled, stored, applied, and disposed of in accordance with +the Food and Agriculture Organization’s International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of +Pesticides or other GIIP. +17. The client will not purchase, store, use, manufacture, or trade in products that fall in WHO +Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard Class Ia (extremely hazardous); or Ib (highly +15 Transboundary movement of hazardous materials should be consistent with national, regional and international +law, including the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their +Disposal and the London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other +Matter. +16 Consistent with the objectives of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and the Montreal +Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Similar considerations will apply to certain World Health +Organization (WHO) classes of pesticides. +January 1, 2012 +5 +Performance Standard 3 +Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention +hazardous). The client will not purchase, store, use, manufacture or trade in Class II (moderately hazardous) pesticides, unless the project has appropriate controls on manufacture, procurement, or distribution and/or use of these chemicals. These chemicals should not be accessible to personnel without proper training, equipment, and facilities to handle, store, apply, and dispose of these products properly. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 4 +Community Health, Safety, and Security +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 4 recognizes that project activities, equipment, and infrastructure can increase community exposure to risks and impacts. In addition, communities that are already subjected to impacts from climate change may also experience an acceleration and/or intensification of impacts due to project activities. While acknowledging the public authorities’ role in promoting the health, safety, and security of the public, this Performance Standard addresses the client’s responsibility to avoid or minimize the risks and impacts to community health, safety, and security that may arise from project related-activities, with particular attention to vulnerable groups. +2. In conflict and post-conflict areas, the level of risks and impacts described in this Performance Standard may be greater. The risks that a project could exacerbate an already sensitive local situation and stress scarce local resources should not be overlooked as it may lead to further conflict. +Objectives + To anticipate and avoid adverse impacts on the health and safety of the Affected Community during the project life from both routine and non-routine circumstances. + To ensure that the safeguarding of personnel and property is carried out in accordance with relevant human rights principles and in a manner that avoids or minimizes risks to the Affected Communities. +Scope of Application +3. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System, the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. +4. This Performance Standard addresses potential risks and impacts to the Affected Communities from project activities. Occupational health and safety requirements for workers are included in Performance Standard 2, and environmental standards to avoid or minimize impacts on human health and the environment due to pollution are included in Performance Standard 3. +Requirements +Community Health and Safety +5. The client will evaluate the risks and impacts to the health and safety of the Affected Communities during the project life-cycle and will establish preventive and control measures consistent with good international industry practice (GIIP),1 such as in the World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS Guidelines) or other internationally recognized sources. The client will identify risks and impacts and propose mitigation measures that are commensurate with their nature and magnitude. These measures will favor the avoidance of risks and impacts over minimization. +1 Defined as the exercise of professional skill, diligence, prudence, and foresight that would reasonably be expected from skilled and experienced professionals engaged in the same type of undertaking under the same or similar circumstances globally or regionally. +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 4 +Community Health, Safety, and Security +Infrastructure and Equipment Design and Safety +6. The client will design, construct, operate, and decommission the structural elements or components of the project in accordance with GIIP, taking into consideration safety risks to third parties or Affected Communities. When new buildings and structures will be accessed by members of the public, the client will consider incremental risks of the public’s potential exposure to operational accidents and/or natural hazards and be consistent with the principles of universal access. Structural elements will be designed and constructed by competent professionals, and certified or approved by competent authorities or professionals. When structural elements or components, such as dams, tailings dams, or ash ponds are situated in high-risk locations, and their failure or malfunction may threaten the safety of communities, the client will engage one or more external experts with relevant and recognized experience in similar projects, separate from those responsible for the design and construction, to conduct a review as early as possible in project development and throughout the stages of project design, construction, operation, and decommissioning. For projects that operate moving equipment on public roads and other forms of infrastructure, the client will seek to avoid the occurrence of incidents and injuries to members of the public associated with the operation of such equipment. +Hazardous Materials Management and Safety +7. The client will avoid or minimize the potential for community exposure to hazardous materials and substances that may be released by the project. Where there is a potential for the public (including workers and their families) to be exposed to hazards, particularly those that may be life-threatening, the client will exercise special care to avoid or minimize their exposure by modifying, substituting, or eliminating the condition or material causing the potential hazards. Where hazardous materials are part of existing project infrastructure or components, the client will exercise special care when conducting decommissioning activities in order to avoid exposure to the community. The client will exercise commercially reasonable efforts to control the safety of deliveries of hazardous materials, and of transportation and disposal of hazardous wastes, and will implement measures to avoid or control community exposure to pesticides, in accordance with the requirements of Performance Standard 3. +Ecosystem Services +8. The project’s direct impacts on priority ecosystem services may result in adverse health and safety risks and impacts to Affected Communities. With respect to this Performance Standard, ecosystem services are limited to provisioning and regulating services as defined in paragraph 2 of Performance Standard 6. For example, land use changes or the loss of natural buffer areas such as wetlands, mangroves, and upland forests that mitigate the effects of natural hazards such as flooding, landslides, and fire, may result in increased vulnerability and community safety-related risks and impacts. The diminution or degradation of natural resources, such as adverse impacts on the quality, quantity, and availability of freshwater,2may result in health-related risks and impacts. Where appropriate and feasible, the client will identify those risks and potential impacts on priority ecosystem services that may be exacerbated by climate change. Adverse impacts should be avoided, and if these impacts are unavoidable, the client will implement mitigation measures in accordance with paragraphs 24 and 25 of Performance Standard 6. With respect to the use of and loss of access to provisioning services, clients will implement mitigation measures in accordance with paragraphs 25–29 of Performance Standard 5. +2 Freshwater is an example of provisioning ecosystem services. +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 4 +Community Health, Safety, and Security +Community Exposure to Disease +9. The client will avoid or minimize the potential for community exposure to water-borne, water-based, water-related, and vector-borne diseases, and communicable diseases that could result from project activities, taking into consideration differentiated exposure to and higher sensitivity of vulnerable groups. Where specific diseases are endemic in communities in the project area of influence, the client is encouraged to explore opportunities during the project life-cycle to improve environmental conditions that could help minimize their incidence. +10. The client will avoid or minimize transmission of communicable diseases that may be associated with the influx of temporary or permanent project labor. +Emergency Preparedness and Response +11. In addition to the emergency preparedness and response requirements described in Performance Standard 1, the client will also assist and collaborate with the Affected Communities, local government agencies, and other relevant parties, in their preparations to respond effectively to emergency situations, especially when their participation and collaboration are necessary to respond to such emergency situations. If local government agencies have little or no capacity to respond effectively, the client will play an active role in preparing for and responding to emergencies associated with the project. The client will document its emergency preparedness and response activities, resources, and responsibilities, and will disclose appropriate information to Affected Communities, relevant government agencies, or other relevant parties. +Security Personnel +12. When the client retains direct or contracted workers to provide security to safeguard its personnel and property, it will assess risks posed by its security arrangements to those within and outside the project site. In making such arrangements, the client will be guided by the principles of proportionality and good international practice3 in relation to hiring, rules of conduct, training, equipping, and monitoring of such workers, and by applicable law. The client will make reasonable inquiries to ensure that those providing security are not implicated in past abuses; will train them adequately in the use of force (and where applicable, firearms), and appropriate conduct toward workers and Affected Communities; and require them to act within the applicable law. The client will not sanction any use of force except when used for preventive and defensive purposes in proportion to the nature and extent of the threat. The client will provide a grievance mechanism for Affected Communities to express concerns about the security arrangements and acts of security personnel. +13. The client will assess and document risks arising from the project’s use of government security personnel deployed to provide security services. The client will seek to ensure that security personnel will act in a manner consistent with paragraph 12 above, and encourage the relevant public authorities to disclose the security arrangements for the client’s facilities to the public, subject to overriding security concerns. +14. The client will consider and, where appropriate, investigate all allegations of unlawful or abusive acts of security personnel, take action (or urge appropriate parties to take action) to prevent recurrence, and report unlawful and abusive acts to public authorities. +3 Including practice consistent with the United Nation’s (UN) Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, and UN Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 5 recognizes that project-related land acquisition and restrictions on land use can have adverse impacts on communities and persons that use this land. Involuntary resettlement refers both to physical displacement (relocation or loss of shelter) and to economic displacement (loss of assets or access to assets that leads to loss of income sources or other means of livelihood1) as a result of project-related land acquisition2 and/or restrictions on land use. Resettlement is considered involuntary when affected persons or communities do not have the right to refuse land acquisition or restrictions on land use that result in physical or economic displacement. This occurs in cases of (i) lawful expropriation or temporary or permanent restrictions on land use and (ii) negotiated settlements in which the buyer can resort to expropriation or impose legal restrictions on land use if negotiations with the seller fail. +2. Unless properly managed, involuntary resettlement may result in long-term hardship and impoverishment for the Affected Communities and persons, as well as environmental damage and adverse socio-economic impacts in areas to which they have been displaced. For these reasons, involuntary resettlement should be avoided. However, where involuntary resettlement is unavoidable, it should be minimized and appropriate measures to mitigate adverse impacts on displaced persons and host communities3 should be carefully planned and implemented. The government often plays a central role in the land acquisition and resettlement process, including the determination of compensation, and is therefore an important third party in many situations. Experience demonstrates that the direct involvement of the client in resettlement activities can result in more cost-effective, efficient, and timely implementation of those activities, as well as in the introduction of innovative approaches to improving the livelihoods of those affected by resettlement. +3. To help avoid expropriation and eliminate the need to use governmental authority to enforce relocation, clients are encouraged to use negotiated settlements meeting the requirements of this Performance Standard, even if they have the legal means to acquire land without the seller’s consent. +Objectives + To avoid, and when avoidance is not possible, minimize displacement by exploring alternative project designs. + To avoid forced eviction. + To anticipate and avoid, or where avoidance is not possible, minimize adverse social and economic impacts from land acquisition or restrictions on land use by (i) providing compensation for loss of assets at replacement cost4 and (ii) ensuring +1 The term “livelihood” refers to the full range of means that individuals, families, and communities utilize to make a living, such as wage-based income, agriculture, fishing, foraging, other natural resource-based livelihoods, petty trade, and bartering. +2 Land acquisition includes both outright purchases of property and acquisition of access rights, such as easements or rights of way. +3 A host community is any community receiving displaced persons. +4 Replacement cost is defined as the market value of the assets plus transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of structures and assets should not be taken into account. Market value is defined as the value required to allow Affected Communities and persons to replace lost assets with assets of similar value. The valuation method for determining replacement cost should be documented and included in applicable Resettlement and/or Livelihood Restoration plans (see paragraphs 18 and 25). +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +that resettlement activities are implemented with appropriate disclosure of information, consultation, and the informed participation of those affected. + To improve, or restore, the livelihoods and standards of living of displaced persons. + To improve living conditions among physically displaced persons through the provision of adequate housing with security of tenure5 at resettlement sites. +Scope of Application +4. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System, the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. +5. This Performance Standard applies to physical and/or economic displacement resulting from the following types of land-related transactions: + Land rights or land use rights acquired through expropriation or other compulsory procedures in accordance with the legal system of the host country; + Land rights or land use rights acquired through negotiated settlements with property owners or those with legal rights to the land if failure to reach settlement would have resulted in expropriation or other compulsory procedures;6 + Project situations where involuntary restrictions on land use and access to natural resources cause a community or groups within a community to lose access to resource usage where they have traditional or recognizable usage rights;7 + Certain project situations requiring evictions of people occupying land without formal, traditional, or recognizable usage rights;8 or + Restriction on access to land or use of other resources including communal property and natural resources such as marine and aquatic resources, timber and non-timber forest products, freshwater, medicinal plants, hunting and gathering grounds and grazing and cropping areas.9 +6. This Performance Standard does not apply to resettlement resulting from voluntary land transactions (i.e., market transactions in which the seller is not obliged to sell and the buyer cannot resort to expropriation or other compulsory procedures sanctioned by the legal system of the host country if negotiations fail). It also does not apply to impacts on livelihoods where the project is not changing the land use of the affected groups or communities.10 +5 Security of tenure means that resettled individuals or communities are resettled to a site that they can legally occupy and where they are protected from the risk of eviction. +6 This also applies to customary or traditional rights recognized or recognizable under the laws of the host country. The negotiations may be carried out by the government or by the company (in some circumstances, as an agent of the government). +7 In such situations, affected persons frequently do not have formal ownership. This may include freshwater and marine environments. This Performance Standard may also apply when project-related biodiversity areas or legally designated buffer zones are established but not acquired by the client. +8 While some people do not have rights over the land they occupy, this Performance Standard requires that non-land assets be retained, replaced, or compensated for; relocation take place with security of tenure; and lost livelihoods be restored. +9 Natural resource assets referred to in this Performance Standard are equivalent to ecosystem provisioning services as described in Performance Standard 6. +10 More generalized impacts on communities or groups of people are covered in Performance Standard 1. For example, disruption of access to mineral deposits by artisanal miners is covered by Performance Standard 1. +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +7. Where project impacts on land, assets, or access to assets become significantly adverse at any stage of the project, the client should consider applying requirements of this Performance Standard, even where no land acquisition or land use restriction is involved. +Requirements +General +Project Design +8. The client will consider feasible alternative project designs to avoid or minimize physical and/or economic displacement, while balancing environmental, social, and financial costs and benefits, paying particular attention to impacts on the poor and vulnerable. +Compensation and Benefits for Displaced Persons +9. When displacement cannot be avoided, the client will offer displaced communities and persons compensation for loss of assets at full replacement cost and other assistance11 to help them improve or restore their standards of living or livelihoods, as provided in this Performance Standard. Compensation standards will be transparent and applied consistently to all communities and persons affected by the displacement. Where livelihoods of displaced persons are land-based,12 or where land is collectively owned, the client will, where feasible,13 offer the displaced land-based compensation. The client will take possession of acquired land and related assets only after compensation has been made available14 and, where applicable, resettlement sites and moving allowances have been provided to the displaced persons in addition to compensation.15 The client will also provide opportunities to displaced communities and persons to derive appropriate development benefits from the project. +Community Engagement +10. The client will engage with Affected Communities, including host communities, through the process of stakeholder engagement described in Performance Standard 1. Decision-making processes related to resettlement and livelihood restoration should include options and alternatives, where applicable. Disclosure of relevant information and participation of Affected Communities and persons will continue during the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of compensation payments, livelihood restoration activities, and resettlement to achieve outcomes that are consistent with the objectives of this Performance Standard.16 Additional provisions apply to consultations with Indigenous Peoples, in accordance with Performance Standard 7. +11 As described in paragraphs 19 and 26. +12 The term “land-based” includes livelihood activities such as subsistence cropping and grazing of livestock as well as the harvesting of natural resources. +13 Refer to paragraph 26 of this Performance Standard for further requirements. +14 In certain cases it may not be feasible to pay compensation to all those affected before taking possession of the land, for example when the ownership of the land in question is in dispute. Such circumstances shall be identified and agreed on a case-by-case basis, and compensation funds shall be made available for example through deposit into an escrow account before displacement takes place. +15 Unless government-managed resettlement is involved and where the client has no direct influence over the timing of compensation payments. Such cases should be handled in accordance with paragraphs 27–29 of this Performance Standard. Staggered compensation payments may be made where one-off cash payments would demonstrably undermine social and/or resettlement objectives, or where there are ongoing impacts to livelihood activities. +16 The consultation process should ensure that women’s perspectives are obtained and their interests factored into all aspects of resettlement planning and implementation. Addressing livelihood impacts may require intra-household analysis in cases where women’s and men’s livelihoods are affected differently. Women’s and men’s preferences in terms of compensation mechanisms, such as compensation in kind rather than in cash, should be explored. +January 1, 2012 +4 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +Grievance Mechanism +11. The client will establish a grievance mechanism consistent with Performance Standard 1 as early as possible in the project development phase. This will allow the client to receive and address specific concerns about compensation and relocation raised by displaced persons or members of host communities in a timely fashion, including a recourse mechanism designed to resolve disputes in an impartial manner. +Resettlement and Livelihood Restoration Planning and Implementation +12. Where involuntary resettlement is unavoidable, either as a result of a negotiated settlement or expropriation, a census will be carried out to collect appropriate socio-economic baseline data to identify the persons who will be displaced by the project, determine who will be eligible for compensation and assistance,17 and discourage ineligible persons, such as opportunistic settlers, from claiming benefits. In the absence of host government procedures, the client will establish a cut-off date for eligibility. Information regarding the cut-off date will be well documented and disseminated throughout the project area. +13. In cases where affected persons reject compensation offers that meet the requirements of this Performance Standard and, as a result, expropriation or other legal procedures are initiated, the client will explore opportunities to collaborate with the responsible government agency, and, if permitted by the agency, play an active role in resettlement planning, implementation, and monitoring (see paragraphs 30–32). +14. The client will establish procedures to monitor and evaluate the implementation of a Resettlement Action Plan or Livelihood Restoration Plan (see paragraphs 19 and 25) and take corrective action as necessary. The extent of monitoring activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. For projects with significant involuntary resettlement risks, the client will retain competent resettlement professionals to provide advice on compliance with this Performance Standard and to verify the client’s monitoring information. Affected persons will be consulted during the monitoring process. +15. Implementation of a Resettlement Action Plan or Livelihood Restoration Plan will be considered completed when the adverse impacts of resettlement have been addressed in a manner that is consistent with the relevant plan as well as the objectives of this Performance Standard. It may be necessary for the client to commission an external completion audit of the Resettlement Action Plan or Livelihood Restoration Plan to assess whether the provisions have been met, depending on the scale and/or complexity of physical and economic displacement associated with a project. The completion audit should be undertaken once all mitigation measures have been substantially completed and once displaced persons are deemed to have been provided adequate opportunity and assistance to sustainably restore their livelihoods. The completion audit will be undertaken by competent resettlement professionals once the agreed monitoring period is concluded. The completion audit will include, at a minimum, a review of the totality of mitigation measures implemented by the Client, a comparison of implementation outcomes against agreed objectives, and a conclusion as to whether the monitoring process can be ended.18 +17 Documentation of ownership or occupancy and compensation arrangements should be issued in the names of both spouses or heads of households, and other resettlement assistance, such as skills training, access to credit, and job opportunities, should be equally available to women and adapted to their needs. Where national law and tenure systems do not recognize the rights of women to hold or contract in property, measures should be considered to provide women as much protection as possible with the objective to achieve equity with men. +18 The completion audit of the Resettlement Action Plan and/or Livelihood Restoration Plan, will be undertaken by external resettlement experts once the agreed monitoring period is concluded, and will involve a more in-depth assessment than regular resettlement monitoring activities, including at a minimum a review of all mitigation +January 1, 2012 +5 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +16. Where the exact nature or magnitude of the land acquisition or restrictions on land use related to a project with potential to cause physical and/or economic displacement is unknown due to the stage of project development, the client will develop a Resettlement and/or Livelihood Restoration Framework outlining general principles compatible with this Performance Standard. Once the individual project components are defined and the necessary information becomes available, such a framework will be expanded into a specific Resettlement Action Plan or Livelihood Restoration Plan and procedures in accordance with paragraphs 19 and 25 below. +Displacement +17. Displaced persons may be classified as persons (i) who have formal legal rights to the land or assets they occupy or use; (ii) who do not have formal legal rights to land or assets, but have a claim to land that is recognized or recognizable under national law;19 or (iii) who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land or assets they occupy or use. The census will establish the status of the displaced persons. +18. Project-related land acquisition and/or restrictions on land use may result in the physical displacement of people as well as their economic displacement. Consequently, requirements of this Performance Standard in respect of physical displacement and economic displacement may apply simultaneously.20 +Physical Displacement +19. In the case of physical displacement, the client will develop a Resettlement Action Plan that covers, at a minimum, the applicable requirements of this Performance Standard regardless of the number of people affected. This will include compensation at full replacement cost for land and other assets lost. The Plan will be designed to mitigate the negative impacts of displacement; identify development opportunities; develop a resettlement budget and schedule; and establish the entitlements of all categories of affected persons (including host communities). Particular attention will be paid to the needs of the poor and the vulnerable. The client will document all transactions to acquire land rights, as well as compensation measures and relocation activities. +20. If people living in the project area are required to move to another location, the client will (i) offer displaced persons choices among feasible resettlement options, including adequate replacement housing or cash compensation where appropriate; and (ii) provide relocation assistance suited to the needs of each group of displaced persons. New resettlement sites built for displaced persons must offer improved living conditions. The displaced persons’ preferences with respect to relocating in preexisting communities and groups will be taken into consideration. Existing social and cultural institutions of the displaced persons and any host communities will be respected. +21. In the case of physically displaced persons under paragraph 17 (i) or (ii), the client will offer the choice of replacement property of equal or higher value, security of tenure, equivalent or better characteristics, and advantages of location or cash compensation where appropriate. Compensation +measures with respect to the physical and/or economic displacement implemented by the Client, a comparison of implementation outcomes against agreed objectives, a conclusion as to whether the monitoring process can be ended and, where necessary, a Corrective Action Plan listing outstanding actions necessary to met the objectives. +19 Such claims could be derived from adverse possession or from customary or traditional tenure arrangements. +20 Where a project results in both physical and economic displacement, the requirements of paragraphs 25 and 26 (Economic Displacement) should be incorporated into the Resettlement Action Plan or Framework (i.e., there is no need to have a separate Resettlement Action Plan and Livelihood Restoration Plan). +January 1, 2012 +6 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +in kind should be considered in lieu of cash. Cash compensation levels should be sufficient to +replace the lost land and other assets at full replacement cost in local markets.21 +22. In the case of physically displaced persons under paragraph 17 (iii), the client will offer them a +choice of options for adequate housing with security of tenure so that they can resettle legally without +having to face the risk of forced eviction. Where these displaced persons own and occupy structures, +the client will compensate them for the loss of assets other than land, such as dwellings and other +improvements to the land, at full replacement cost, provided that these persons have been occupying +the project area prior to the cut-off date for eligibility. Based on consultation with such displaced +persons, the client will provide relocation assistance sufficient for them to restore their standard of +living at an adequate alternative site.22 +23. The client is not required to compensate or assist those who encroach on the project area after +the cut-off date for eligibility, provided the cut-off date has been clearly established and made public. +24. Forced evictions23 will not be carried out except in accordance with law and the requirements of +this Performance Standard. +Economic Displacement +25. In the case of projects involving economic displacement only, the client will develop a Livelihood +Restoration Plan to compensate affected persons and/or communities and offer other assistance that +meet the objectives of this Performance Standard. The Livelihood Restoration Plan will establish the +entitlements of affected persons and/or communities and will ensure that these are provided in a +transparent, consistent, and equitable manner. The mitigation of economic displacement will be +considered complete when affected persons or communities have received compensation and other +assistance according to the requirements of the Livelihood Restoration Plan and this Performance +Standard, and are deemed to have been provided with adequate opportunity to reestablish their +livelihoods. +26. If land acquisition or restrictions on land use result in economic displacement defined as loss of +assets and/or means of livelihood, regardless of whether or not the affected people are physically +displaced, the client will meet the requirements in paragraphs 27–29 below, as applicable. +27. Economically displaced persons who face loss of assets or access to assets will be +compensated for such loss at full replacement cost. + In cases where land acquisition or restrictions on land use affect commercial +structures, affected business owners will be compensated for the cost of +reestablishing commercial activities elsewhere, for lost net income during the +21 Payment of cash compensation for lost assets may be appropriate where (i) livelihoods are not land-based; +(ii) livelihoods are land-based but the land taken for the project is a small fraction of the affected asset and the +residual land is economically viable; or (iii) active markets for land, housing, and labor exist, displaced persons +use such markets, and there is sufficient supply of land and housing. +22 Relocation of informal settlers in urban areas may involve trade-offs. For example, the relocated families may +gain security of tenure, but they may lose advantages of location. Changes in location that may affect livelihood +opportunities should be addressed in accordance with the principles of this Performance Standard (see in +particular paragraph 25). +23 The permanent or temporary removal against the will of individuals, families, and/or communities from the +homes and/or lands which they occupy without the provision of, and access to, appropriate forms of legal and +other protection. +January 1, 2012 +7 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +period of transition, and for the costs of the transfer and reinstallation of the plant, machinery, or other equipment. + In cases affecting persons with legal rights or claims to land which are recognized or recognizable under national law (see paragraph 17 (i) and (ii)), replacement property (e.g., agricultural or commercial sites) of equal or greater value will be provided, or, where appropriate, cash compensation at full replacement cost. + Economically displaced persons who are without legally recognizable claims to land (see paragraph 17 (iii)) will be compensated for lost assets other than land (such as crops, irrigation infrastructure and other improvements made to the land), at full replacement cost. The client is not required to compensate or assist opportunistic settlers who encroach on the project area after the cut-off date for eligibility. +28. In addition to compensation for lost assets, if any, as required under paragraph 27, economically displaced persons whose livelihoods or income levels are adversely affected will also be provided opportunities to improve, or at least restore, their means of income-earning capacity, production levels, and standards of living: + For persons whose livelihoods are land-based, replacement land that has a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors at least equivalent to that being lost should be offered as a matter of priority. + For persons whose livelihoods are natural resource-based and where project-related restrictions on access envisaged in paragraph 5 apply, implementation of measures will be made to either allow continued access to affected resources or provide access to alternative resources with equivalent livelihood-earning potential and accessibility. Where appropriate, benefits and compensation associated with natural resource usage may be collective in nature rather than directly oriented towards individuals or households. + If circumstances prevent the client from providing land or similar resources as described above, alternative income earning opportunities may be provided, such as credit facilities, training, cash, or employment opportunities. Cash compensation alone, however, is frequently insufficient to restore livelihoods. +29. Transitional support should be provided as necessary to all economically displaced persons, based on a reasonable estimate of the time required to restore their income-earning capacity, production levels, and standards of living. +Private Sector Responsibilities Under Government-Managed Resettlement +30. Where land acquisition and resettlement are the responsibility of the government, the client will collaborate with the responsible government agency, to the extent permitted by the agency, to achieve outcomes that are consistent with this Performance Standard. In addition, where government capacity is limited, the client will play an active role during resettlement planning, implementation, and monitoring, as described below. +31. In the case of acquisition of land rights or access to land through compulsory means or negotiated settlements involving physical displacement, the client will identify and describe24 government resettlement measures. If these measures do not meet the relevant requirements of this Performance Standard, the client will prepare a Supplemental Resettlement Plan that, together with +24 Government documents, where available, may be used to identify such measures. +January 1, 2012 +8 +Performance Standard 5 +Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement +the documents prepared by the responsible government agency, will address the relevant requirements of this Performance Standard (the General Requirements and requirements for Physical Displacement and Economic Displacement above). The client will need to include in its Supplemental Resettlement Plan, at a minimum (i) identification of affected people and impacts; (ii) a description of regulated activities, including the entitlements of displaced persons provided under applicable national laws and regulations; (iii) the supplemental measures to achieve the requirements of this Performance Standard as described in paragraphs 19–29 in a way that is permitted by the responsible agency and implementation time schedule; and (iv) the financial and implementation responsibilities of the client in the execution of its Supplemental Resettlement Plan. +32. In the case of projects involving economic displacement only, the client will identify and describe the measures that the responsible government agency plans to use to compensate Affected Communities and persons. If these measures do not meet the relevant requirements of this Performance Standard, the client will develop an Environmental and Social Action Plan to complement government action. This may include additional compensation for lost assets, and additional efforts to restore lost livelihoods where applicable. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 6 recognizes that protecting and conserving biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem services, and sustainably managing living natural resources are fundamental to sustainable development. The requirements set out in this Performance Standard have been guided by the Convention on Biological Diversity, which defines biodiversity as “the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.” +2. Ecosystem services are the benefits that people, including businesses, derive from ecosystems. Ecosystem services are organized into four types: (i) provisioning services, which are the products people obtain from ecosystems; (ii) regulating services, which are the benefits people obtain from the regulation of ecosystem processes; (iii) cultural services, which are the nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems; and (iv) supporting services, which are the natural processes that maintain the other services.1 +3. Ecosystem services valued by humans are often underpinned by biodiversity. Impacts on biodiversity can therefore often adversely affect the delivery of ecosystem services. This Performance Standard addresses how clients can sustainably manage and mitigate impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the project’s lifecycle. +Objectives + To protect and conserve biodiversity. + To maintain the benefits from ecosystem services. + To promote the sustainable management of living natural resources through the adoption of practices that integrate conservation needs and development priorities. +Scope of Application +4. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS), the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. +5. Based on the risks and impacts identification process, the requirements of this Performance Standard are applied to projects (i) located in modified, natural, and critical habitats; (ii) that potentially impact on or are dependent on ecosystem services over which the client has direct management control or significant influence; or (iii) that include the production of living natural resources (e.g., agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry). +1 Examples are as follows: (i) provisioning services may include food, freshwater, timber, fibers, medicinal plants; (ii) regulating services may include surface water purification, carbon storage and sequestration, climate regulation, protection from natural hazards; (iii) cultural services may include natural areas that are sacred sites and areas of importance for recreation and aesthetic enjoyment; and (iv) supporting services may include soil formation, nutrient cycling, primary production. +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources +Requirements +General +6. The risks and impacts identification process as set out in Performance Standard 1 should consider direct and indirect project-related impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services and identify any significant residual impacts. This process will consider relevant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services, especially focusing on habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, invasive alien species, overexploitation, hydrological changes, nutrient loading, and pollution. It will also take into account the differing values attached to biodiversity and ecosystem services by Affected Communities and, where appropriate, other stakeholders. Where paragraphs 13–19 are applicable, the client should consider project-related impacts across the potentially affected landscape or seascape. +7. As a matter of priority, the client should seek to avoid impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. When avoidance of impacts is not possible, measures to minimize impacts and restore biodiversity and ecosystem services should be implemented. Given the complexity in predicting project impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services over the long term, the client should adopt a practice of adaptive management in which the implementation of mitigation and management measures are responsive to changing conditions and the results of monitoring throughout the project’s lifecycle. +8. Where paragraphs 13–15 are applicable, the client will retain competent professionals to assist in conducting the risks and impacts identification process. Where paragraphs 16–19 are applicable, the client should retain external experts with appropriate regional experience to assist in the development of a mitigation hierarchy that complies with this Performance Standard and to verify the implementation of those measures. +Protection and Conservation of Biodiversity +9. Habitat is defined as a terrestrial, freshwater, or marine geographical unit or airway that supports assemblages of living organisms and their interactions with the non-living environment. For the purposes of implementation of this Performance Standard, habitats are divided into modified, natural, and critical. Critical habitats are a subset of modified or natural habitats. +10. For the protection and conservation of biodiversity, the mitigation hierarchy includes biodiversity offsets, which may be considered only after appropriate avoidance, minimization, and restoration measures have been applied.2 A biodiversity offset should be designed and implemented to achieve measurable conservation outcomes3 that can reasonably be expected to result in no net loss and preferably a net gain of biodiversity; however, a net gain is required in critical habitats. The design of a biodiversity offset must adhere to the “like-for-like or better” principle4 and must be carried out in +2 Biodiversity offsets are measurable conservation outcomes resulting from actions designed to compensate for significant residual adverse biodiversity impacts arising from project development and persisting after appropriate avoidance, minimization and restoration measures have been taken. +3 Measurable conservation outcomes for biodiversity must be demonstrated in situ (on-the-ground) and on an appropriate geographic scale (e.g., local, landscape-level, national, regional). +4 The principle of “like-for-like or better” indicates that biodiversity offsets must be designed to conserve the same biodiversity values that are being impacted by the project (an “in-kind” offset). In certain situations, however, areas of biodiversity to be impacted by the project may be neither a national nor a local priority, and there may be other areas of biodiversity with like values that are a higher priority for conservation and sustainable use and under imminent threat or need of protection or effective management. In these situations, it may be appropriate to consider an “out-of-kind” offset that involves “trading up” (i.e., where the offset targets biodiversity of higher +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources +alignment with best available information and current practices. When a client is considering the development of an offset as part of the mitigation strategy, external experts with knowledge in offset design and implementation must be involved. +Modified Habitat +11. Modified habitats are areas that may contain a large proportion of plant and/or animal species of non-native origin, and/or where human activity has substantially modified an area’s primary ecological functions and species composition.5 Modified habitats may include areas managed for agriculture, forest plantations, reclaimed6 coastal zones, and reclaimed wetlands. +12. This Performance Standard applies to those areas of modified habitat that include significant biodiversity value, as determined by the risks and impacts identification process required in Performance Standard 1. The client should minimize impacts on such biodiversity and implement mitigation measures as appropriate. +Natural Habitat +13. Natural habitats are areas composed of viable assemblages of plant and/or animal species of largely native origin, and/or where human activity has not essentially modified an area’s primary ecological functions and species composition. +14. The client will not significantly convert or degrade7 natural habitats, unless all of the following are demonstrated: + No other viable alternatives within the region exist for development of the project on modified habitat; + Consultation has established the views of stakeholders, including Affected Communities, with respect to the extent of conversion and degradation;8 and + Any conversion or degradation is mitigated according to the mitigation hierarchy. +15. In areas of natural habitat, mitigation measures will be designed to achieve no net loss9 of biodiversity where feasible. Appropriate actions include: + Avoiding impacts on biodiversity through the identification and protection of set-asides;10 +priority than that affected by the project) that will, for critical habitats, meet the requirements of paragraph 17 of this Performance Standard. +5 This excludes habitat that has been converted in anticipation of the project. +6 Reclamation as used in this context is the process of creating new land from sea or other aquatic areas for productive use. +7 Significant conversion or degradation is (i) the elimination or severe diminution of the integrity of a habitat caused by a major and/or long-term change in land or water use; or (ii) a modification that substantially minimizes the habitat’s ability to maintain viable populations of its native species. +8 Conducted as part of the stakeholder engagement and consultation process, as described in Performance Standard 1. +9 No net loss is defined as the point at which project-related impacts on biodiversity are balanced by measures taken to avoid and minimize the project’s impacts, to undertake on-site restoration and finally to offset significant residual impacts, if any, on an appropriate geographic scale (e.g., local, landscape-level, national, regional). +10 Set-asides are land areas within the project site, or areas over which the client has management control, that are excluded from development and are targeted for the implementation of conservation enhancement measures. Set-asides will likely contain significant biodiversity values and/or provide ecosystem services of significance at the local, national and/or regional level. Set-asides should be defined using internationally recognized approaches or methodologies (e.g., High Conservation Value, systematic conservation planning). +January 1, 2012 +4 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources + Implementing measures to minimize habitat fragmentation, such as biological corridors; + Restoring habitats during operations and/or after operations; and + Implementing biodiversity offsets. +Critical Habitat +16. Critical habitats are areas with high biodiversity value, including (i) habitat of significant importance to Critically Endangered and/or Endangered11 species; (ii) habitat of significant importance to endemic and/or restricted-range species; (iii) habitat supporting globally significant concentrations of migratory species and/or congregatory species; (iv) highly threatened and/or unique ecosystems; and/or (v) areas associated with key evolutionary processes. +17. In areas of critical habitat, the client will not implement any project activities unless all of the following are demonstrated: + No other viable alternatives within the region exist for development of the project on modified or natural habitats that are not critical; + The project does not lead to measurable adverse impacts on those biodiversity values for which the critical habitat was designated, and on the ecological processes supporting those biodiversity values;12 + The project does not lead to a net reduction in the global and/or national/regional population13 of any Critically Endangered or Endangered species over a reasonable period of time;14 and + A robust, appropriately designed, and long-term biodiversity monitoring and evaluation program is integrated into the client’s management program. +18. In such cases where a client is able to meet the requirements defined in paragraph 17, the project’s mitigation strategy will be described in a Biodiversity Action Plan and will be designed to achieve net gains15 of those biodiversity values for which the critical habitat was designated. +11 As listed on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. The determination of critical habitat based on other listings is as follows: (i) If the species is listed nationally / regionally as critically endangered or endangered, in countries that have adhered to IUCN guidance, the critical habitat determination will be made on a project by project basis in consultation with competent professionals; and (ii) in instances where nationally or regionally listed species’ categorizations do not correspond well to those of the IUCN (e.g., some countries more generally list species as “protected” or “restricted”), an assessment will be conducted to determine the rationale and purpose of the listing. In this case, the critical habitat determination will be based on such an assessment. +12 Biodiversity values and their supporting ecological processes will be determined on an ecologically relevant scale. +13 Net reduction is a singular or cumulative loss of individuals that impacts on the species’ ability to persist at the global and/or regional/national scales for many generations or over a long period of time. The scale (i.e., global and/or regional/national) of the potential net reduction is determined based on the species’ listing on either the (global) IUCN Red List and/or on regional/national lists. For species listed on both the (global) IUCN Red List and the national/regional lists, the net reduction will be based on the national/regional population. +14 The timeframe in which clients must demonstrate “no net reduction” of Critically Endangered and Endangered species will be determined on a case-by-case basis in consultation with external experts. +15 Net gains are additional conservation outcomes that can be achieved for the biodiversity values for which the critical habitat was designated. Net gains may be achieved through the development of a biodiversity offset and/or, in instances where the client could meet the requirements of paragraph 17 of this Performance Standard without a biodiversity offset, the client should achieve net gains through the implementation of programs that could be implemented in situ (on-the-ground) to enhance habitat, and protect and conserve biodiversity. +January 1, 2012 +5 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources +19. In instances where biodiversity offsets are proposed as part of the mitigation strategy, the client must demonstrate through an assessment that the project’s significant residual impacts on biodiversity will be adequately mitigated to meet the requirements of paragraph 17. +Legally Protected and Internationally Recognized Areas +20. In circumstances where a proposed project is located within a legally protected area16 or an internationally recognized area,17 the client will meet the requirements of paragraphs 13 through 19 of this Performance Standard, as applicable. In addition, the client will: + Demonstrate that the proposed development in such areas is legally permitted; + Act in a manner consistent with any government recognized management plans for such areas; + Consult protected area sponsors and managers, Affected Communities, Indigenous Peoples and other stakeholders on the proposed project, as appropriate; and + Implement additional programs, as appropriate, to promote and enhance the conservation aims and effective management of the area.18 +Invasive Alien Species +21. Intentional or accidental introduction of alien, or non-native, species of flora and fauna into areas where they are not normally found can be a significant threat to biodiversity, since some alien species can become invasive, spreading rapidly and out-competing native species. +22. The client will not intentionally introduce any new alien species (not currently established in the country or region of the project) unless this is carried out in accordance with the existing regulatory framework for such introduction. Notwithstanding the above, the client will not deliberately introduce any alien species with a high risk of invasive behavior regardless of whether such introductions are permitted under the existing regulatory framework. All introductions of alien species will be subject to a risk assessment (as part of the client’s environmental and social risks and impacts identification process) to determine the potential for invasive behavior. The client will implement measures to avoid the potential for accidental or unintended introductions including the transportation of substrates and vectors (such as soil, ballast, and plant materials) that may harbor alien species. +23. Where alien species are already established in the country or region of the proposed project, the client will exercise diligence in not spreading them into areas in which they have not already been established. As practicable, the client should take measures to eradicate such species from the natural habitats over which they have management control. +Management of Ecosystem Services +24. Where a project is likely to adversely impact ecosystem services, as determined by the risks and impacts identification process, the client will conduct a systematic review to identify priority +16 This Performance Standard recognizes legally protected areas that meet the IUCN definition: “A clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values.” For the purposes of this Performance Standard, this includes areas proposed by governments for such designation. +17 Exclusively defined as UNESCO Natural World Heritage Sites, UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Reserves, Key Biodiversity Areas, and wetlands designated under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (the Ramsar Convention). +18 Implementing additional programs may not be necessary for projects that do not create a new footprint. +January 1, 2012 +6 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources +ecosystem services. Priority ecosystem services are two-fold: (i) those services on which project operations are most likely to have an impact and, therefore, which result in adverse impacts to Affected Communities; and/or (ii) those services on which the project is directly dependent for its operations (e.g., water). When Affected Communities are likely to be impacted, they should participate in the determination of priority ecosystem services in accordance with the stakeholder engagement process as defined in Performance Standard 1. +25. With respect to impacts on priority ecosystem services of relevance to Affected Communities and where the client has direct management control or significant influence over such ecosystem services, adverse impacts should be avoided. If these impacts are unavoidable, the client will minimize them and implement mitigation measures that aim to maintain the value and functionality of priority services. With respect to impacts on priority ecosystem services on which the project depends, clients should minimize impacts on ecosystem services and implement measures that increase resource efficiency of their operations, as described in Performance Standard 3. Additional provisions for ecosystem services are included in Performance Standards 4, 5, 7, and 8.19 +Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources +26. Clients who are engaged in the primary production of living natural resources, including natural and plantation forestry, agriculture, animal husbandry, aquaculture, and fisheries, will be subject to the requirements of paragraphs 26 through 30, in addition to the rest of this Performance Standard. Where feasible, the client will locate land-based agribusiness and forestry projects on unforested land or land already converted. Clients who are engaged in such industries will manage living natural resources in a sustainable manner, through the application of industry-specific good management practices and available technologies. Where such primary production practices are codified in globally, regionally, or nationally recognized standards, the client will implement sustainable management practices to one or more relevant and credible standards as demonstrated by independent verification or certification. +27. Credible globally, regionally, or nationally recognized standards for sustainable management of living natural resources are those which (i) are objective and achievable; (ii) are founded on a multi-stakeholder consultative process; (iii) encourage step-wise and continual improvements; and (iv) provide for independent verification or certification through appropriate accredited bodies for such standards.20 +28. Where relevant and credible standard(s) exist, but the client has not yet obtained independent verification or certification to such standard(s), the client will conduct a pre-assessment of its conformity to the applicable standard(s) and take actions to achieve such verification or certification over an appropriate period of time. +29. In the absence of a relevant and credible global, regional, or national standard for the particular living natural resource in the country concerned, the client will: +19 Ecosystem service references are located in Performance Standard 4, paragraph 8; Performance Standard 5, paragraphs 5 and 25–29; Performance Standard 7, paragraphs 13–17 and 20; and Performance Standard 8, paragraph 11. +20 A credible certification system would be one which is independent, cost-effective, based on objective and measurable performance standards and developed through consultation with relevant stakeholders, such as local people and communities, Indigenous Peoples, and civil society organizations representing consumer, producer and conservation interests. Such a system has fair, transparent and independent decision-making procedures that avoid conflicts of interest. +January 1, 2012 +7 +Performance Standard 6 +Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of +Living Natural Resources + Commit to applying good international industry operating principles, management practices, and technologies; and + Actively engage and support the development of a national standard, where relevant, including studies that contribute to the definition and demonstration of sustainable practices. +Supply Chain +30. Where a client is purchasing primary production (especially but not exclusively food and fiber commodities) that is known to be produced in regions where there is a risk of significant conversion of natural and/or critical habitats, systems and verification practices will be adopted as part of the client’s ESMS to evaluate its primary suppliers.21 The systems and verification practices will (i) identify where the supply is coming from and the habitat type of this area; (ii) provide for an ongoing review of the client’s primary supply chains; (iii) limit procurement to those suppliers that can demonstrate that they are not contributing to significant conversion of natural and/or critical habitats (this may be demonstrated by delivery of certified product, or progress towards verification or certification under a credible scheme in certain commodities and/or locations); and (iv) where possible, require actions to shift the client’s primary supply chain over time to suppliers that can demonstrate that they are not significantly adversely impacting these areas. The ability of the client to fully address these risks will depend upon the client’s level of management control or influence over its primary suppliers. +21 Primary suppliers are those suppliers who, on an ongoing basis, provide the majority of living natural resources, goods, and materials essential for the core business processes of the project. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 7 +Indigenous Peoples +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 7 recognizes that Indigenous Peoples, as social groups with identities that are distinct from mainstream groups in national societies, are often among the most marginalized and vulnerable segments of the population. In many cases, their economic, social, and legal status limits their capacity to defend their rights to, and interests in, lands and natural and cultural resources, and may restrict their ability to participate in and benefit from development. Indigenous Peoples are particularly vulnerable if their lands and resources are transformed, encroached upon, or significantly degraded. Their languages, cultures, religions, spiritual beliefs, and institutions may also come under threat. As a consequence, Indigenous Peoples may be more vulnerable to the adverse impacts associated with project development than non-indigenous communities. This vulnerability may include loss of identity, culture, and natural resource-based livelihoods, as well as exposure to impoverishment and diseases. +2. Private sector projects can create opportunities for Indigenous Peoples to participate in, and benefit from project-related activities that may help them fulfill their aspiration for economic and social development. Furthermore, Indigenous Peoples may play a role in sustainable development by promoting and managing activities and enterprises as partners in development. Government often plays a central role in the management of Indigenous Peoples’ issues, and clients should collaborate with the responsible authorities in managing the risks and impacts of their activities.1 +Objectives + To ensure that the development process fosters full respect for the human rights, dignity, aspirations, culture, and natural resource-based livelihoods of Indigenous Peoples. + To anticipate and avoid adverse impacts of projects on communities of Indigenous Peoples, or when avoidance is not possible, to minimize and/or compensate for such impacts. + To promote sustainable development benefits and opportunities for Indigenous Peoples in a culturally appropriate manner. + To establish and maintain an ongoing relationship based on Informed Consultation and Participation (ICP) with the Indigenous Peoples affected by a project throughout the project’s life-cycle. + To ensure the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples when the circumstances described in this Performance Standard are present. + To respect and preserve the culture, knowledge, and practices of Indigenous Peoples. +Scope of Application +3. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System, the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. +1 In addition to meeting the requirements under this Performance Standard, clients must comply with applicable national law, including those laws implementing host country obligations under international law. +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 7 +Indigenous Peoples +4. There is no universally accepted definition of “Indigenous Peoples.” Indigenous Peoples may be referred to in different countries by such terms as “Indigenous ethnic minorities,” “aboriginals,” “hill tribes,” “minority nationalities,” “scheduled tribes,” “first nations,” or “tribal groups.” +5. In this Performance Standard, the term “Indigenous Peoples” is used in a generic sense to refer to a distinct social and cultural group possessing the following characteristics in varying degrees: + Self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this identity by others; + Collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories; + Customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions that are separate from those of the mainstream society or culture; or + A distinct language or dialect, often different from the official language or languages of the country or region in which they reside. +6. This Performance Standard applies to communities or groups of Indigenous Peoples who maintain a collective attachment, i.e., whose identity as a group or community is linked, to distinct habitats or ancestral territories and the natural resources therein. It may also apply to communities or groups that have lost collective attachment to distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area, occurring within the concerned group members’ lifetime, because of forced severance, conflict, government resettlement programs, dispossession of their lands, natural disasters, or incorporation of such territories into an urban area. +7. The client may be required to seek inputs from competent professionals to ascertain whether a particular group is considered as Indigenous Peoples for the purpose of this Performance Standard. +Requirements +General +Avoidance of Adverse Impacts +8. The client will identify, through an environmental and social risks and impacts assessment process, all communities of Indigenous Peoples within the project area of influence who may be affected by the project, as well as the nature and degree of the expected direct and indirect economic, social, cultural (including cultural heritage2), and environmental impacts on them. +9. Adverse impacts on Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples should be avoided where possible. Where alternatives have been explored and adverse impacts are unavoidable, the client will minimize, restore, and/or compensate for these impacts in a culturally appropriate manner commensurate with the nature and scale of such impacts and the vulnerability of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples. The client’s proposed actions will be developed with the ICP of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples and contained in a time-bound plan, such as an Indigenous Peoples Plan, or a broader community development plan with separate components for Indigenous Peoples.3 +2 Additional requirements on protection of cultural heritage are set out in Performance Standard 8. +3 The determination of the appropriate plan may require the input of competent professionals. A community development plan may be appropriate in circumstances where Indigenous Peoples are a part of larger Affected Communities. +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 7 +Indigenous Peoples +Participation and Consent +10. The client will undertake an engagement process with the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples as required in Performance Standard 1. This engagement process includes stakeholder analysis and engagement planning, disclosure of information, consultation, and participation, in a culturally appropriate manner. In addition, this process will: + Involve Indigenous Peoples’ representative bodies and organizations (e.g., councils of elders or village councils), as well as members of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples; and + Provide sufficient time for Indigenous Peoples’ decision-making processes.4 +11. Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples may be particularly vulnerable to the loss of, alienation from or exploitation of their land and access to natural and cultural resources.5 In recognition of this vulnerability, in addition to the General Requirements of this Performance Standard, the client will obtain the FPIC of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples in the circumstances described in paragraphs 13–17 of this Performance Standard. FPIC applies to project design, implementation, and expected outcomes related to impacts affecting the communities of Indigenous Peoples. When any of these circumstances apply, the client will engage external experts to assist in the identification of the project risks and impacts. +12. There is no universally accepted definition of FPIC. For the purposes of Performance Standards 1, 7 and 8, “FPIC” has the meaning described in this paragraph. FPIC builds on and expands the process of ICP described in Performance Standard 1 and will be established through good faith negotiation between the client and the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples. The client will document: (i) the mutually accepted process between the client and Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples, and (ii) evidence of agreement between the parties as the outcome of the negotiations. FPIC does not necessarily require unanimity and may be achieved even when individuals or groups within the community explicitly disagree. +Circumstances Requiring Free, Prior, and Informed Consent +Impacts on Lands and Natural Resources Subject to Traditional Ownership or Under Customary Use +13. Indigenous Peoples are often closely tied to their lands and related natural resources.6 Frequently, these lands are traditionally owned or under customary use.7 While Indigenous Peoples may not possess legal title to these lands as defined by national law, their use of these lands, including seasonal or cyclical use, for their livelihoods, or cultural, ceremonial, and spiritual purposes that define their identity and community, can often be substantiated and documented. +4 Internal decision making processes are generally but not always collective in nature. There may be internal dissent, and decisions may be challenged by some in the community. The consultation process should be sensitive to such dynamics and allow sufficient time for internal decision making processes to reach conclusions that are considered legitimate by the majority of the concerned participants. +5 Natural resources and natural areas with cultural value referred to in this Performance Standard are equivalent to ecosystem provisioning and cultural services as described in Performance Standard 6. +6 Examples include marine and aquatic resources timber, and non-timber forest products, medicinal plants, hunting and gathering grounds, and grazing and cropping areas. Natural resource assets, as referred to in this Performance Standard, are equivalent to provisioning ecosystem services as described in Performance Standard 6. +7 The acquisition and/or leasing of lands with legal title is addressed in Performance Standard 5: Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement. +January 1, 2012 +4 +Performance Standard 7 +Indigenous Peoples +14. If the client proposes to locate a project on, or commercially develop natural resources on lands traditionally owned by, or under the customary use of, Indigenous Peoples, and adverse impacts8 can be expected, the client will take the following steps: + Document efforts to avoid and otherwise minimize the area of land proposed for the project; + Document efforts to avoid and otherwise minimize impacts on natural resources and natural areas of importance9 to Indigenous People; + Identify and review all property interests and traditional resource uses prior to purchasing or leasing land; + Assess and document the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples’ resource use without prejudicing any Indigenous Peoples’ land claim.10 The assessment of land and natural resource use should be gender inclusive and specifically consider women’s role in the management and use of these resources; + Ensure that Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples are informed of their land rights under national law, including any national law recognizing customary use rights; and + Offer Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples compensation and due process in the case of commercial development of their land and natural resources, together with culturally appropriate sustainable development opportunities, including: +- Providing land-based compensation or compensation-in-kind in lieu of cash compensation where feasible.11 +- Ensuring continued access to natural resources, identifying the equivalent replacement resources, or, as a last option, providing compensation and identifying alternative livelihoods if project development results in the loss of access to and the loss of natural resources independent of project land acquisition. +- Ensuring fair and equitable sharing of benefits associated with project usage of the resources where the client intends to utilize natural resources that are central to the identity and livelihood of Affected Communities of Indigenous People and their usage thereof exacerbates livelihood risk. +- Providing Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples with access, usage, and transit on land it is developing subject to overriding health, safety, and security considerations. +Relocation of Indigenous Peoples from Lands and Natural Resources Subject to Traditional Ownership or Under Customary Use +15. The client will consider feasible alternative project designs to avoid the relocation of Indigenous Peoples from communally held12 lands and natural resources subject to traditional ownership or +8 Such adverse impacts may include impacts from loss of access to assets or resources or restrictions on land use resulting from project activities. +9 “Natural resources and natural areas of importance” as referred to in this Performance Standard are equivalent to priority ecosystem services as defined in Performance Standard 6. They refer to those services over which the client has direct management control or significant influence, and those services most likely to be sources of risk in terms of impacts on Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples. +10 While this Performance Standard requires substantiation and documentation of the use of such land, clients should also be aware that the land may already be under alternative use, as designated by the host government. +11 If circumstances prevent the client from offering suitable replacement land, the client must provide verification that such is the case. Under such circumstances, the client will provide non land-based income-earning opportunities over and above cash compensation to the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples. +January 1, 2012 +5 +Performance Standard 7 +Indigenous Peoples +under customary use. If such relocation is unavoidable the client will not proceed with the project unless FPIC has been obtained as described above. Any relocation of Indigenous Peoples will be consistent with the requirements of Performance Standard 5. Where feasible, the relocated Indigenous Peoples should be able to return to their traditional or customary lands, should the cause of their relocation cease to exist. +Critical Cultural Heritage +16. Where a project may significantly impact on critical cultural heritage13 that is essential to the identity and/or cultural, ceremonial, or spiritual aspects of Indigenous Peoples lives, priority will be given to the avoidance of such impacts. Where significant project impacts on critical cultural heritage are unavoidable, the client will obtain the FPIC of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples. +17. Where a project proposes to use the cultural heritage including knowledge, innovations, or practices of Indigenous Peoples for commercial purposes, the client will inform the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples of (i) their rights under national law; (ii) the scope and nature of the proposed commercial development; (iii) the potential consequences of such development; and (iv) obtain their FPIC. The client will also ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits from commercialization of such knowledge, innovation, or practice, consistent with the customs and traditions of the Indigenous Peoples. +Mitigation and Development Benefits +18. The client and the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples will identify mitigation measures in alignment with the mitigation hierarchy described in Performance Standard 1 as well as opportunities for culturally appropriate and sustainable development benefits. The client will ensure the timely and equitable delivery of agreed measures to the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples. +19. The determination, delivery, and distribution of compensation and other benefit sharing measures to the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples will take account of the laws, institutions, and customs of these communities as well as their level of interaction with mainstream society. Eligibility for compensation can either be individually or collectively-based, or be a combination of both.14 Where compensation occurs on a collective basis, mechanisms that promote the effective delivery and distribution of compensation to all eligible members of the group will be defined and implemented. +20. Various factors including, but not limited to, the nature of the project, the project context and the vulnerability of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples will determine how these communities should benefit from the project. Identified opportunities should aim to address the goals +12 Typically, Indigenous Peoples claim rights and access to, and use of land and resources through traditional or customary systems, many of which entail communal property rights. These traditional claims to land and resources may not be recognized under national laws. Where members of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples individually hold legal title, or where the relevant national law recognizes customary rights for individuals, the requirements of Performance Standard 5 will apply, rather than the requirements under paragraph 17 of this Performance Standard. +13 Includes natural areas with cultural and/or spiritual value such as sacred groves, sacred bodies of water and waterways, sacred trees, and sacred rocks. Natural areas with cultural value are equivalent to priority ecosystem cultural services as defined in Performance Standard 6. +14 Where control of resources, assets and decision making are predominantly collective in nature, efforts will be made to ensure that, where possible, benefits and compensation are collective, and take account of intergenerational differences and needs. +January 1, 2012 +6 +Performance Standard 7 +Indigenous Peoples +and preferences of the Indigenous Peoples including improving their standard of living and livelihoods in a culturally appropriate manner, and to foster the long-term sustainability of the natural resources on which they depend. +Private Sector Responsibilities Where Government is Responsible for Managing Indigenous Peoples Issues +21. Where the government has a defined role in the management of Indigenous Peoples issues in relation to the project, the client will collaborate with the responsible government agency, to the extent feasible and permitted by the agency, to achieve outcomes that are consistent with the objectives of this Performance Standard. In addition, where government capacity is limited, the client will play an active role during planning, implementation, and monitoring of activities to the extent permitted by the agency. +22. The client will prepare a plan that, together with the documents prepared by the responsible government agency, will address the relevant requirements of this Performance Standard. The client may need to include (i) the plan, implementation, and documentation of the process of ICP and engagement and FPIC where relevant; (ii) a description of the government-provided entitlements of affected Indigenous Peoples; (iii) the measures proposed to bridge any gaps between such entitlements, and the requirements of this Performance Standard; and (iv) the financial and implementation responsibilities of the government agency and/or the client. +January 1, 2012 +1 +Performance Standard 8 +Cultural Heritage +Introduction +1. Performance Standard 8 recognizes the importance of cultural heritage for current and future generations. Consistent with the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, this Performance Standard aims to ensure that clients protect cultural heritage in the course of their project activities. In addition, the requirements of this Performance Standard on a project’s use of cultural heritage are based in part on standards set by the Convention on Biological Diversity. +Objectives + To protect cultural heritage from the adverse impacts of project activities and support its preservation. + To promote the equitable sharing of benefits from the use of cultural heritage. +Scope of Application +2. The applicability of this Performance Standard is established during the environmental and social risks and impacts identification process. The implementation of the actions necessary to meet the requirements of this Performance Standard is managed through the client’s Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS), the elements of which are outlined in Performance Standard 1. During the project life-cycle, the client will consider potential project impacts to cultural heritage and will apply the provisions of this Performance Standard. +3. For the purposes of this Performance Standard, cultural heritage refers to (i) tangible forms of cultural heritage, such as tangible moveable or immovable objects, property, sites, structures, or groups of structures, having archaeological (prehistoric), paleontological, historical, cultural, artistic, and religious values; (ii) unique natural features or tangible objects that embody cultural values, such as sacred groves, rocks, lakes, and waterfalls; and (iii) certain instances of intangible forms of culture that are proposed to be used for commercial purposes, such as cultural knowledge, innovations, and practices of communities embodying traditional lifestyles. +4. Requirements with respect to tangible forms of cultural heritage are contained in paragraphs 6–16. For requirements with respect to specific instances of intangible forms of cultural heritage described in paragraph 3 (iii) see paragraph 16. +5. The requirements of this Performance Standard apply to cultural heritage regardless of whether or not it has been legally protected or previously disturbed. The requirements of this Performance Standard do not apply to cultural heritage of Indigenous Peoples; Performance Standard 7 describes those requirements. +Requirements +Protection of Cultural Heritage in Project Design and Execution +6. In addition to complying with applicable law on the protection of cultural heritage, including national law implementing the host country’s obligations under the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, the client will identify and protect cultural heritage by ensuring that internationally recognized practices for the protection, field-based study, and documentation of cultural heritage are implemented. +January 1, 2012 +2 +Performance Standard 8 +Cultural Heritage +7. Where the risk and identification process determines that there is a chance of impacts to cultural heritage, the client will retain competent professionals to assist in the identification and protection of cultural heritage. The removal of nonreplicable cultural heritage is subject to the additional requirements of paragraph 10 below. In the case of critical cultural heritage, the requirements of paragraphs 13–15 will apply. +Chance Find Procedures +8. The client is responsible for siting and designing a project to avoid significant adverse impacts to cultural heritage. The environmental and social risks and impacts identification process should determine whether the proposed location of a project is in areas where cultural heritage is expected to be found, either during construction or operations. In such cases, as part of the client’s ESMS, the client will develop provisions for managing chance finds1 through a chance find procedure2 which will be applied in the event that cultural heritage is subsequently discovered. The client will not disturb any chance find further until an assessment by competent professionals is made and actions consistent with the requirements of this Performance Standard are identified. +Consultation +9. Where a project may affect cultural heritage, the client will consult with Affected Communities within the host country who use, or have used within living memory, the cultural heritage for long-standing cultural purposes. The client will consult with the Affected Communities to identify cultural heritage of importance, and to incorporate into the client’s decision-making process the views of the Affected Communities on such cultural heritage. Consultation will also involve the relevant national or local regulatory agencies that are entrusted with the protection of cultural heritage. +Community Access +10. Where the client’s project site contains cultural heritage or prevents access to previously accessible cultural heritage sites being used by, or that have been used by, Affected Communities within living memory for long-standing cultural purposes, the client will, based on consultations under paragraph 9, allow continued access to the cultural site or will provide an alternative access route, subject to overriding health, safety, and security considerations. +Removal of Replicable Cultural Heritage +11. Where the client has encountered tangible cultural heritage that is replicable3 and not critical, the client will apply mitigation measures that favor avoidance. Where avoidance is not feasible, the client will apply a mitigation hierarchy as follows: + Minimize adverse impacts and implement restoration measures, in situ, that ensure maintenance of the value and functionality of the cultural heritage, including maintaining or restoring any ecosystem processes4 needed to support it; + Where restoration in situ is not possible, restore the functionality of the cultural heritage, in a different location, including the ecosystem processes needed to support it; +1 Tangible cultural heritage encountered unexpectedly during project construction or operation. +2 A chance find procedure is a project-specific procedure that outlines the actions to be taken if previously unknown cultural heritage is encountered. +3 Replicable cultural heritage is defined as tangible forms of cultural heritage that can themselves be moved to another location or that can be replaced by a similar structure or natural features to which the cultural values can be transferred by appropriate measures. Archeological or historical sites may be considered replicable where the particular eras and cultural values they represent are well represented by other sites and/or structures. +4 Consistent with requirements in Performance Standard 6 related to ecosystem services and conservation of biodiversity. +January 1, 2012 +3 +Performance Standard 8 +Cultural Heritage + The permanent removal of historical and archeological artifacts and structures is carried out according to the principles of paragraphs 6 and 7 above; and + Only where minimization of adverse impacts and restoration to ensure maintenance of the value and functionality of the cultural heritage are demonstrably not feasible, and where the Affected Communities are using the tangible cultural heritage for long-standing cultural purposes, compensate for loss of that tangible cultural heritage. +Removal of Non-Replicable Cultural Heritage +12. Most cultural heritage is best protected by preservation in its place, since removal is likely to result in irreparable damage or destruction of the cultural heritage. The client will not remove any nonreplicable cultural heritage,5 unless all of the following conditions are met: + There are no technically or financially feasible alternatives to removal; + The overall benefits of the project conclusively outweigh the anticipated cultural heritage loss from removal; and + Any removal of cultural heritage is conducted using the best available technique. +Critical Cultural Heritage +13. Critical cultural heritage consists of one or both of the following types of cultural heritage: (i) the internationally recognized heritage of communities who use, or have used within living memory the cultural heritage for long-standing cultural purposes; or (ii) legally protected cultural heritage areas, including those proposed by host governments for such designation. +14. The client should not remove, significantly alter, or damage critical cultural heritage. In exceptional circumstances when impacts on critical cultural heritage are unavoidable, the client will use a process of Informed Consultation and Participation (ICP) of the Affected Communities as described in Performance Standard 1 and which uses a good faith negotiation process that results in a documented outcome. The client will retain external experts to assist in the assessment and protection of critical cultural heritage. +15. Legally protected cultural heritage areas6 are important for the protection and conservation of cultural heritage, and additional measures are needed for any projects that would be permitted under the applicable national law in these areas. In circumstances where a proposed project is located within a legally protected area or a legally defined buffer zone, the client, in addition to the requirements for critical cultural heritage cited in paragraph 14 above, will meet the following requirements: + Comply with defined national or local cultural heritage regulations or the protected area management plans; + Consult the protected area sponsors and managers, local communities and other key stakeholders on the proposed project; and + Implement additional programs, as appropriate, to promote and enhance the conservation aims of the protected area. +5 Nonreplicable cultural heritage may relate to the social, economic, cultural, environmental, and climatic conditions of past peoples, their evolving ecologies, adaptive strategies, and early forms of environmental management, where the (i) cultural heritage is unique or relatively unique for the period it represents, or (ii) cultural heritage is unique or relatively unique in linking several periods in the same site. +6 Examples include world heritage sites and nationally protected areas. +January 1, 2012 4 +Performance Standard 8 +Cultural Heritage +Project’s Use of Cultural Heritage 16. Where a project proposes to use the cultural heritage, including knowledge, innovations, or practices of local communities for commercial purposes,7 the client will inform these communities of +(i) their rights under national law; (ii) the scope and nature of the proposed commercial development; and (iii) the potential consequences of such development. The client will not proceed with such commercialization unless it (i) enters into a process of ICP as described in Performance Standard 1 and which uses a good faith negotiation process that results in a documented outcome and (ii) +provides for fair and equitable sharing of benefits from commercialization of such knowledge, innovation, or practice, consistent with their customs and traditions. 7 Examples include, but are not limited to, commercialization of traditional medicinal knowledge or other sacred or traditional technique for processing plants, fibers, or metals. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/resurrection-en.txt b/data/resurrection-en.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6e35a4d698edbc98b41a14f2d30c6cdddf8b59eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/resurrection-en.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7531 @@ +Book I + +CHAPTER I. + +MASLOVA IN PRISON. + +Though hundreds of thousands had done their very best todisfigure the small piece of land on which they were crowdedtogether, by paying the ground with stones, scraping away everyvestige of vegetation, cutting down the trees, turning away birdsand beasts, and filling the air with the smoke of naphtha andcoal, still spring was spring, even in the town. + +The sun shone warm, the air was balmy; everywhere, where it didnot get scraped away, the grass revived and sprang up between thepaving-stones as well as on the narrow strips of lawn on theboulevards. The birches, the poplars, and the wild cherryunfolded their gummy and fragrant leaves, the limes wereexpanding their opening buds; crows, sparrows, and pigeons,filled with the joy of spring, were getting their nests ready;the flies were buzzing along the walls, warmed by the sunshine.All were glad, the plants, the birds, the insects, and thechildren. But men, grown-up men and women, did not leave offcheating and tormenting themselves and each other. It was notthis spring morning men thought sacred and worthy ofconsideration not the beauty of God's world, given for a joy toall creatures, this beauty which inclines the heart to peace, toharmony, and to love, but only their own devices for enslavingone another. + +Thus, in the prison office of the Government town, it was not thefact that men and animals had received the grace and gladness ofspring that was considered sacred and important, but that anotice, numbered and with a superscription, had come the daybefore, ordering that on this 28th day of April, at 9 a.m., threeprisoners at present detained in the prison, a man and two women(one of these women, as the chief criminal, to be conductedseparately), had to appear at Court. So now, on the 28th ofApril, at 8 o'clock, a jailer and soon after him a woman warderwith curly grey hair, dressed in a jacket with sleeves trimmedwith gold, with a blue-edged belt round her waist, and having alook of suffering on her face, came into the corridor. + +"You want Maslova?" she asked, coming up to the cell with thejailer who was on duty. + +The jailer, rattling the iron padlock, opened the door of thecell, from which there came a whiff of air fouler even than thatin the corridor, and called out, "Maslova! to the Court," andclosed the door again. + +Even into the prison yard the breeze had brought the freshvivifying air from the fields. But in the corridor the air wasladen with the germs of typhoid, the smell of sewage,putrefaction, and tar; every newcomer felt sad and dejected init. The woman warder felt this, though she was used to bad air.She had just come in from outside, and entering the corridor, sheat once became sleepy. + +From inside the cell came the sound of bustle and women's voices,and the patter of bare feet on the floor. + +"Now, then, hurry up, Maslova, I say!" called out the jailer, andin a minute or two a small young woman with a very full bust camebriskly out of the door and went up to the jailer. She had on agrey cloak over a white jacket and petticoat. On her feet shewore linen stockings and prison shoes, and round her head wastied a white kerchief, from under which a few locks of black hairwere brushed over the forehead with evident intent. The face ofthe woman was of that whiteness peculiar to people who have livedlong in confinement, and which puts one in mind of shoots ofpotatoes that spring up in a cellar. Her small broad hands andfull neck, which showed from under the broad collar of her cloak,were of the same hue. Her black, sparkling eyes, one with aslight squint, appeared in striking contrast to the dull pallorof her face. + +She carried herself very straight, expanding her full bosom. + +With her head slightly thrown back, she stood in the corridor,looking straight into the eyes of the jailer, ready to complywith any order. + +The jailer was about to lock the door when a wrinkled andsevere-looking old woman put out her grey head and began speakingto Maslova. But the jailer closed the door, pushing the oldwoman's head with it. A woman's laughter was heard from the cell,and Maslova smiled, turning to the little grated opening in thecell door. The old woman pressed her face to the grating from theother side, and said, in a hoarse voice: + +"Now mind, and when they begin questioning you, just repeat overthe same thing, and stick to it; tell nothing that is notwanted." + +"Well, it could not be worse than it is now, anyhow; I only wishit was settled one way or another." + +"Of course, it will be settled one way or another," said thejailer, with a superior's self-assured witticism. "Now, then, getalong! Take your places!" + +The old woman's eyes vanished from the grating, and Maslovastepped out into the middle of the corridor. The warder in front,they descended the stone stairs, past the still fouler, noisycells of the men's ward, where they were followed by eyes lookingout of every one of the gratings in the doors, and entered theoffice, where two soldiers were waiting to escort her. A clerkwho was sitting there gave one of the soldiers a paper reeking oftobacco, and pointing to the prisoner, remarked, "Take her." + +The soldier, a peasant from Nijni Novgorod, with a red,pock-marked face, put the paper into the sleeve of his coat,winked to his companion, a broad-shouldered Tchouvash, and thenthe prisoner and the soldiers went to the front entrance, out ofthe prison yard, and through the town up the middle of theroughly-paved street. + +Isvostchiks [cabmen], tradespeople, cooks, workmen,and government clerks, stopped and looked curiously at theprisoner; some shook their heads and thought, "This is what evilconduct, conduct unlike ours, leads to." The children stopped andgazed at the robber with frightened looks; but the thought thatthe soldiers were preventing her from doing more harm quietedtheir fears. A peasant, who had sold his charcoal, and had hadsome tea in the town, came up, and, after crossing himself, gaveher a copeck. The prisoner blushed and muttered something; shenoticed that she was attracting everybody's attention, and thatpleased her. The comparatively fresh air also gladdened her, butit was painful to step on the rough stones with the ill-madeprison shoes on her feet, which had become unused to walking.Passing by a corn-dealer's shop, in front of which a few pigeonswere strutting about, unmolested by any one, the prisoner almosttouched a grey-blue bird with her foot; it fluttered up and flewclose to her car, fanning her with its wings. She smiled, thensighed deeply as she remembered her present position. + +CHAPTER II. + +MASLOVA'S EARLY LIFE. + +The story of the prisoner Maslova's life was a very common one. + +Maslova's mother was the unmarried daughter of a village woman,employed on a dairy farm, which belonged to two maiden ladies whowere landowners. This unmarried woman had a baby every year, and,as often happens among the village people, each one of theseundesired babies, after it had been carefully baptised, wasneglected by its mother, whom it hindered at her work, and leftto starve. Five children had died in this way. They had all beenbaptised and then not sufficiently fed, and just left to die.The sixth baby, whose father was a gipsy tramp, would have sharedthe same fate, had it not so happened that one of the maidenladies came into the farmyard to scold the dairymaids for sendingup cream that smelt of the cow. The young woman was lying in thecowshed with a fine, healthy, new-born baby. The old maiden ladyscolded the maids again for allowing the woman (who had just beenconfined) to lie in the cowshed, and was about to go away, butseeing the baby her heart was touched, and she offered to standgodmother to the little girl, and pity for her littlegod-daughter induced her to give milk and a little money to themother, so that she should feed the baby; and the little girllived. The old ladies spoke of her as "the saved one." When thechild was three years old, her mother fell ill and died, and themaiden ladies took the child from her old grandmother, to whomshe was nothing but a burden. + +The little black-eyed maiden grew to be extremely pretty, and sofull of spirits that the ladies found her very entertaining. + +The younger of the ladies, Sophia Ivanovna, who had stoodgodmother to the girl, had the kinder heart of the two sisters;Maria Ivanovna, the elder, was rather hard. Sophia Ivanovnadressed the little girl in nice clothes, and taught her to readand write, meaning to educate her like a lady. Maria Ivanovnathought the child should be brought up to work, and trained herto be a good servant. She was exacting; she punished, and, whenin a bad temper, even struck the little girl. Growing up underthese two different influences, the girl turned out half servant,half young lady. They called her Katusha, which sounds lessrefined than Katinka, but is not quite so common as Katka. Sheused to sew, tidy up the rooms, polish the metal cases of theicons and do other light work, and sometimes she sat and read tothe ladies. + +Though she had more than one offer, she would not marry. She feltthat life as the wife of any of the working men who were courtingher would be too hard; spoilt as she was by a life of case. + +She lived in this manner till she was sixteen, when the nephew ofthe old ladies, a rich young prince, and a university student,came to stay with his aunts, and Katusha, not daring toacknowledge it even to herself, fell in love with him. + +Then two years later this same nephew stayed four days with hisaunts before proceeding to join his regiment, and the nightbefore he left he betrayed Katusha, and, after giving her a100-rouble note, went away. Five months later she knew forcertain that she was to be a mother. After that everything seemedrepugnant to her, her only thought being how to escape from theshame that awaited her. She began not only to serve the ladies ina half-hearted and negligent way, but once, without knowing howit happened, was very rude to them, and gave them notice, a thingshe repented of later, and the ladies let her go, noticingsomething wrong and very dissatisfied with her. Then she got ahousemaid's place in a police-officer's house, but stayed thereonly three months, for the police officer, a man of fifty, beganto torment her, and once, when he was in a specially enterprisingmood, she fired up, called him "a fool and old devil," and gavehim such a knock in the chest that he fell. She was turned outfor her rudeness. It was useless to look for another situation,for the time of her confinement was drawing near, so she went tothe house of a village midwife, who also sold wine. Theconfinement was easy; but the midwife, who had a case of fever inthe village, infected Katusha, and her baby boy had to be sent tothe foundlings' hospital, where, according to the words of theold woman who took him there, he at once died. When Katusha wentto the midwife she had 127 roubles in all, 27 which she hadearned and 100 given her by her betrayer. When she left she hadbut six roubles; she did not know how to keep money, but spent iton herself, and gave to all who asked. The midwife took 40roubles for two months' board and attendance, 25 went to get thebaby into the foundlings' hospital, and 40 the midwife borrowedto buy a cow with. Twenty roubles went just for clothes anddainties. Having nothing left to live on, Katusha had to look outfor a place again, and found one in the house of a forester. Theforester was a married man, but he, too, began to annoy her fromthe first day. He disgusted her, and she tried to avoid him. Buthe, more experienced and cunning, besides being her master, whocould send her wherever he liked, managed to accomplish hisobject. His wife found it out, and, catching Katusha and herhusband in a room all by themselves, began beating her. Katushadefended herself, and they had a fight, and Katusha got turnedout of the house without being paid her wages. + +Then Katusha went to live with her aunt in town. The aunt'shusband, a bookbinder, had once been comfortably off, but hadlost all his customers, and had taken to drink, and spent all hecould lay hands on at the public-house. The aunt kept a littlelaundry, and managed to support herself, her children, and herwretched husband. She offered Katusha the place of an assistantlaundress; but seeing what a life of misery and hardship heraunt's assistants led, Katusha hesitated, and applied to aregistry office for a place. One was found for her with a ladywho lived with her two sons, pupils at a public day school. Aweek after Katusha had entered the house the elder, a big fellowwith moustaches, threw up his studies and made love to her,continually following her about. His mother laid all the blame onKatusha, and gave her notice. + +It so happened that, after many fruitless attempts to find asituation, Katusha again went to the registry office, and theremet a woman with bracelets on her bare, plump arms and rings onmost of her fingers. Hearing that Katusha was badly in want of aplace, the woman gave her her address, and invited her to come toher house. Katusha went. The woman received her very kindly, setcake and sweet wine before her, then wrote a note and gave it toa servant to take to somebody. In the evening a tall man, withlong, grey hair and a white beard, entered the room, and sat downat once near Katusha, smiling and gazing at her with glisteningeyes. He began joking with her. The hostess called him away intothe next room, and Katusha heard her say, "A fresh one from thecountry," Then the hostess called Katusha aside and told her thatthe man was an author, and that he had a great deal of money, andthat if he liked her he would not grudge her anything. He didlike her, and gave her 25 roubles, promising to see her often.The 25 roubles soon went; some she paid to her aunt for board andlodging; the rest was spent on a hat, ribbons, and such like. Afew days later the author sent for her, and she went. He gave heranother 25 roubles, and offered her a separate lodging. + +Next door to the lodging rented for her by the author there liveda jolly young shopman, with whom Katusha soon fell in love. Shetold the author, and moved to a little lodging of her own. Theshopman, who promised to marry her, went to Nijni on businesswithout mentioning it to her, having evidently thrown her up, andKatusha remained alone. She meant to continue living in thelodging by herself, but was informed by the police that in thiscase she would have to get a license. She returned to her aunt.Seeing her fine dress, her hat, and mantle, her aunt no longeroffered her laundry work. As she understood things, her niece hadrisen above that sort of thing. The question as to whether shewas to become a laundress or not did not occur to Katusha,either. She looked with pity at the thin, hard-workedlaundresses, some already in consumption, who stood washing orironing with their thin arms in the fearfully hot front room,which was always full of soapy steam and draughts from thewindows, and thought with horror that she might have shared thesame fate. + +Katusha had begun to smoke some time before, and since the youngshopman had thrown her up she was getting more and more into thehabit of drinking. It was not so much the flavour of wine thattempted her as the fact that it gave her a chance of forgettingthe misery she suffered, making her feel more unrestrained andmore confident of her own worth, which she was not when quitesober; without wine she felt sad and ashamed. Just at this time awoman came along who offered to place her in one of the largestestablishments in the city, explaining all the advantages andbenefits of the situation. Katusha had the choice before her ofeither going into service or accepting this offer--and she chosethe latter. Besides, it seemed to her as though, in this way, shecould revenge herself on her betrayer and the shopman and allthose who had injured her. One of the things that tempted her,and was the cause of her decision, was the woman telling her shemight order her own dresses--velvet, silk, satin, low-necked balldresses, anything she liked. A mental picture of herself in abright yellow silk trimmed with black velvet with low neck andshort sleeves conquered her, and she gave up her passport. On thesame evening the procuress took an isvostchik and drove her tothe notorious house kept by Carolina Albertovna Kitaeva. + +From that day a life of chronic sin against human and divine lawscommenced for Katusha Maslova, a life which is led by hundreds ofthousands of women, and which is not merely tolerated butsanctioned by the Government, anxious for the welfare of itssubjects; a life which for nine women out of ten ends in painfuldisease, premature decrepitude, and death. + +Katusha Maslova lived this life for seven years. During theseyears she twice changed houses, and had once been to thehospital. In the seventh year of this life, when she wastwenty-six years old, happened that for which she was put inprison and for which she was now being taken to be tried, aftermore than three months of confinement with thieves and murderersin the stifling air of a prison. + +CHAPTER III. + +NEKHLUDOFF. + +When Maslova, wearied out by the long walk, reached the building,accompanied by two soldiers, Prince Dmitri Ivanovitch Nekhludoff,who had seduced her, was still lying on his high bedstead, with afeather bed on the top of the spring mattress, in a fine, clean,well-ironed linen night shirt, smoking a cigarette, andconsidering what he had to do to-day, and what had happenedyesterday. + +Recalling the evening he had spent with the Korchagins, a wealthyand aristocratic family, whose daughter every one expected hewould marry, he sighed, and, throwing away the end of hiscigarette, was going to take another out of the silver case; but,changing his mind, he resolutely raised his solid frame, and,putting down his smooth, white legs, stepped into his slippers,threw his silk dressing gown over his broad shoulders, and passedinto his dressing-room, walking heavily and quickly. There hecarefully cleaned his teeth, many of which were filled, withtooth powder, and rinsed his mouth with scented elixir. Afterthat he washed his hands with perfumed soap, cleaned his longnails with particular care, then, from a tap fixed to his marblewashstand, he let a spray of cold water run over his face andstout neck. Having finished this part of the business, he wentinto a third room, where a shower bath stood ready for him.Having refreshed his full, white, muscular body, and dried itwith a rough bath sheet, he put on his fine undergarments and hisboots, and sat down before the glass to brush his black beard andhis curly hair, that had begun to get thin above the forehead.Everything he used, everything belonging to his toilet, hislinen, his clothes, boots, necktie, pin, studs, was of the bestquality, very quiet, simple, durable and costly. + +Nekhludoff dressed leisurely, and went into the dining-room. Atable, which looked very imposing with its four legs carved inthe shape of lions' paws, and a huge side-board to match, stoodin the oblong room, the floor of which had been polished by threemen the day before. On the table, which was covered with a fine,starched cloth, stood a silver coffeepot full of aromatic coffee,a sugar basin, a jug of fresh cream, and a bread basket filledwith fresh rolls, rusks, and biscuits; and beside the plate laythe last number of the Revue des Deux Mondes, a newspaper, andseveral letters. + +Nekhludoff was just going to open his letters, when a stout,middle-aged woman in mourning, a lace cap covering the wideningparting of her hair, glided into the room. This was AgraphenaPetrovna, formerly lady's maid to Nekhludoff's mother. Hermistress had died quite recently in this very house, and sheremained with the son as his housekeeper. Agraphena Petrovna hadspent nearly ten years, at different times, abroad withNekhludoff's mother, and had the appearance and manners of alady. She had lived with the Nekhludoffs from the time she was achild, and had known Dmitri Ivanovitch at the time when he wasstill little Mitinka. + +"Good-morning, Dmitri Ivanovitch." + +"Good-morning, Agraphena Petrovna. What is it you want?"Nekhludoff asked. + +"A letter from the princess; either from the mother or thedaughter. The maid brought it some time ago, and is waiting in myroom," answered Agraphena Petrovna, handing him the letter with asignificant smile. + +"All right! Directly!" said Nekhludoff, taking the letter andfrowning as he noticed Agraphena Petrovna's smile. + +That smile meant that the letter was from the younger PrincessKorchagin, whom Agraphena Petrovna expected him to marry. Thissupposition of hers annoyed Nekhludoff. + +"Then I'll tell her to wait?" and Agraphena Petrovna took a crumbbrush which was not in its place, put it away, and sailed out ofthe room. + +Nekhludoff opened the perfumed note, and began reading it. + +The note was written on a sheet of thick grey paper, with roughedges; the writing looked English. It said: + +Having assumed the task of acting as your memory, I take theliberty of reminding you that on this the 28th day of April youhave to appear at the Law Courts, as juryman, and, inconsequence, can on no account accompany us and Kolosoff to thepicture gallery, as, with your habitual flightiness, you promisedyesterday; a moins que vous ne soyez dispose a payer la courd'assise les 300 roubles d'amende que vous vous refusez pourvotre cheval, for not appearing in time. I remembered it lastnight after you were gone, so do not forget. + +Princess M. Korchagin. + +On the other side was a postscript. + +Maman vous fait dire que votre convert vous attendra jusqu'a lanuit. Venez absolument a quelle heure que cela soit. + +M. K. + +Nekhludoff made a grimace. This note was a continuation of thatskilful manoeuvring which the Princess Korchagin had alreadypractised for two months in order to bind him closer and closerwith invisible threads. And yet, beside the usual hesitation ofmen past their youth to marry unless they are very much in love,Nekhludoff had very good reasons why, even if he did make up hismind to it, he could not propose at once. It was not that tenyears previously he had betrayed and forsaken Maslova; he hadquite forgotten that, and he would not have considered it areason for not marrying. No! The reason was that he had a liaisonwith a married woman, and, though he considered it broken off,she did not. + +Nekhludoff was rather shy with women, and his very shynessawakened in this married woman, the unprincipled wife of themarechal de noblesse of a district where Nekhludoff was presentat an election, the desire of vanquishing him. This woman drewhim into an intimacy which entangled him more and more, while itdaily became more distasteful to him. Having succumbed to thetemptation, Nekhludoff felt guilty, and had not the courage tobreak the tie without her consent. And this was the reason he didnot feel at liberty to propose to Korchagin even if he had wishedto do so. Among the letters on the table was one from thiswoman's husband. Seeing his writing and the postmark, Nekhludoffflushed, and felt his energies awakening, as they always did whenhe was facing any kind of danger. + +But his excitement passed at once. The marechal do noblesse, ofthe district in which his largest estate lay, wrote only to letNekhludoff know that there was to be a special meeting towardsthe end of May, and that Nekhludoff was to be sure and come to"donner un coup d'epaule," at the important debates concerningthe schools and the roads, as a strong opposition by thereactionary party was expected. + +The marechal was a liberal, and was quite engrossed in thisfight, not even noticing the misfortune that had befallen him. + +Nekhludoff remembered the dreadful moments he had lived through;once when he thought that the husband had found him out and wasgoing to challenge him, and he was making up his mind to fireinto the air; also the terrible scene he had with her when sheran out into the park, and in her excitement tried to drownherself in the pond. + +"Well, I cannot go now, and can do nothing until I get a replyfrom her," thought Nekhludoff. A week ago he had written her adecisive letter, in which he acknowledged his guilt, and hisreadiness to atone for it; but at the same time he pronouncedtheir relations to be at an end, for her own good, as heexpressed it. To this letter he had as yet received no answer.This might prove a good sign, for if she did not agree to breakoff their relations, she would have written at once, or even comeherself, as she had done before. Nekhludoff had heard that therewas some officer who was paying her marked attention, and thistormented him by awakening jealousy, and at the same timeencouraged him with the hope of escape from the deception thatwas oppressing him. + +The other letter was from his steward. The steward wrote to tellhim that a visit to his estates was necessary in order to enterinto possession, and also to decide about the further managementof his lands; whether it was to continue in the same way as whenhis mother was alive, or whether, as he had represented to thelate lamented princess, and now advised the young prince, theyhad not better increase their stock and farm all the land nowrented by the peasants themselves. The steward wrote that thiswould be a far more profitable way of managing the property; atthe same time, he apologised for not having forwarded the 3,000roubles income due on the 1st. This money would he sent on by thenext mail. The reason for the delay was that he could not get themoney out of the peasants, who had grown so untrustworthy that hehad to appeal to the authorities. This letter was partlydisagreeable, and partly pleasant. It was pleasant to feel thathe had power over so large a property, and yet disagreeable,because Nekhludoff had been an enthusiastic admirer of HenryGeorge and Herbert Spencer. Being himself heir to a largeproperty, he was especially struck by the position taken up bySpencer in Social Statics, that justice forbids privatelandholding, and with the straightforward resoluteness of hisage, had not merely spoken to prove that land could not be lookedupon as private property, and written essays on that subject atthe university, but had acted up to his convictions, and,considering it wrong to hold landed property, had given the smallpiece of land he had inherited from his father to the peasants.Inheriting his mother's large estates, and thus becoming a landedproprietor, he had to choose one of two things: either to give uphis property, as he had given up his father's land ten yearsbefore, or silently to confess that all his former ideas weremistaken and false. + +He could not choose the former because he had no means but thelanded estates (he did not care to serve); moreover, he hadformed luxurious habits which he could not easily give up.Besides, he had no longer the same inducements; his strongconvictions, the resoluteness of youth, and the ambitious desireto do something unusual were gone. As to the second course, thatof denying those clear and unanswerable proofs of the injusticeof landholding, which he had drawn from Spencer's Social Statics,and the brilliant corroboration of which he had at a later periodfound in the works of Henry George, such a course was impossibleto him. + +CHAPTER IV. + +MISSY. + +WHEN Nekhludoff had finished his coffee, he went to his study tolook at the summons, and find out what time he was to appear atthe court, before writing his answer to the princess. Passingthrough his studio, where a few studies hung on the walls and,facing the easel, stood an unfinished picture, a feeling ofinability to advance in art, a sense of his incapacity, came overhim. He had often had this feeling, of late, and explained it byhis too finely-developed aesthetic taste; still, the feeling wasa very unpleasant one. Seven years before this he had given upmilitary service, feeling sure that he had a talent for art, andhad looked down with some disdain at all other activity from theheight of his artistic standpoint. And now it turned out that hehad no right to do so, and therefore everything that reminded himof all this was unpleasant. He looked at the luxurious fittingsof the studio with a heavy heart, and it was in no cheerful moodthat he entered his study, a large, lofty room fitted up with aview to comfort, convenience, and elegant appearance. He foundthe summons at once in a pigeon hole, labelled "immediate," ofhis large writing table. He had to appear at the court at 11o'clock. + +Nekhludoff sat down to write a note in reply to the princess,thanking her for the invitation, and promising to try and come todinner. Having written one note, he tore it up, as it seemed toointimate. He wrote another, but it was too cold; he feared itmight give offence, so he tore it up, too. He pressed the buttonof an electric bell, and his servant, an elderly, morose-lookingman, with whiskers and shaved chin and lip, wearing a grey cottonapron, entered at the door. + +"Send to fetch an isvostchik, please." + +"Yes, sir." + +"And tell the person who is waiting that I send thanks for theinvitation, and shall try to come." + +"Yes, sir." + +"It is not very polite, but I can't write; no matter, I shall seeher today," thought Nekhludoff, and went to get his overcoat. + +When he came out of the house, an isvostchik he knew, withindia-rubber tires to his trap, was at the door waiting for him."You had hardly gone away from Prince Korchagin's yesterday," hesaid, turning half round, "when I drove up, and the Swiss at thedoor says, 'just gone.'" The isvostchik knew that Nekhludoffvisited at the Korchagins, and called there on the chance ofbeing engaged by him. + +"Even the isvostchiks know of my relations with the Korchagins,"thought Nekhludoff, and again the question whether he should notmarry Princess Korchagin presented itself to him, and he couldnot decide it either way, any more than most of the questionsthat arose in his mind at this time. + +It was in favour of marriage in general, that besides thecomforts of hearth and home, it made a moral life possible, andchiefly that a family would, so Nekhludoff thought, give an aimto his now empty life. + +Against marriage in general was the fear, common to bachelorspast their first youth, of losing freedom, and an unconscious awebefore this mysterious creature, a woman. + +In this particular case, in favour of marrying Missy (her namewas Mary, but, as is usual among a certain set, a nickname hadbeen given her) was that she came of good family, and differed ineverything, manner of speaking, walking, laughing, from thecommon people, not by anything exceptional, but by her "goodbreeding"--he could find no other term for this quality, thoughhe prized it very highly---and, besides, she thought more of himthan of anybody else, therefore evidently understood him. Thisunderstanding of him, i.e., the recognition of his superiormerits, was to Nekhludoff a proof of her good sense and correctjudgment. Against marrying Missy in particular, was, that in alllikelihood, a girl with even higher qualities could be found,that she was already 27, and that he was hardly her first love.This last idea was painful to him. His pride would not reconcileitself with the thought that she had loved some one else, even inthe past. Of course, she could not have known that she shouldmeet him, but the thought that she was capable of loving anotheroffended him. So that he had as many reasons for marrying asagainst it; at any rate, they weighed equally with Nekhludoff,who laughed at himself, and called himself the ass of the fable,remaining like that animal undecided which haycock to turn to. + +"At any rate, before I get an answer from Mary Vasilievna (themarechal's wife), and finish completely with her, I can donothing," he said to himself. And the conviction that he might,and was even obliged, to delay his decision, was comforting."Well, I shall consider all that later on," he said to himself,as the trap drove silently along the asphalt pavement up to thedoors of the Court. + +"Now I must fulfil my public duties conscientiously, as I am inthe habit of always doing, and as I consider it right to do.Besides, they are often interesting." And he entered the hall ofthe Law Courts, past the doorkeeper. + +CHAPTER V. + +THE JURYMEN. + +The corridors of the Court were already full of activity. Theattendants hurried, out of breath, dragging their feet along theground without lifting them, backwards and forwards, with allsorts of messages and papers. Ushers, advocates, and law officerspassed hither and thither. Plaintiffs, and those of the accusedwho were not guarded, wandered sadly along the walls or satwaiting. + +"Where is the Law Court?" Nekhludoff asked of an attendant. + +"Which? There is the Civil Court and the Criminal Court." + +"I am on the jury." + +"The Criminal Court you should have said. Here to the right, thento the left--the second door." + +Nekhludoff followed the direction. + +Meanwhile some of the Criminal Court jurymen who were late hadhurriedly passed into a separate room. At the door mentioned twomen stood waiting. + +One, a tall, fat merchant, a kind-hearted fellow, had evidentlypartaken of some refreshments and a glass of something, and wasin most pleasant spirits. The other was a shopman of Jewishextraction. They were talking about the price of wool whenNekhludoff came up and asked them if this was the jurymen's room. + +"Yes, my dear sir, this is it. One of us? On the jury, are you?"asked the merchant, with a merry wink. + +"Ah, well, we shall have a go at the work together," hecontinued, after Nekhludoff had answered in the affirmative. "Myname is Baklasheff, merchant of the Second Guild," he said,putting out his broad, soft, flexible hand. + +"With whom have I the honour?" + +Nekhludoff gave his name and passed into the jurymen's room. + +Inside the room were about ten persons of all sorts. They hadcome but a short while ago, and some were sitting, others walkingup and down, looking at each other, and making each other'sacquaintance. There was a retired colonel in uniform; some werein frock coats, others in morning coats, and only one wore apeasant's dress. + +Their faces all had a certain look of satisfaction at theprospect of fulfilling a public duty, although many of them hadhad to leave their businesses, and most were complaining of it. + +The jurymen talked among themselves about the weather, the earlyspring, and the business before them, some having beenintroduced, others just guessing who was who. Those who were notacquainted with Nekhludoff made haste to get introduced,evidently looking upon this as an honour, and he taking it as hisdue, as he always did when among strangers. Had he been asked whyhe considered himself above the majority of people, he could nothave given an answer; the life he had been living of late was notparticularly meritorious. The fact of his speaking English,French, and German with a good accent, and of his wearing thebest linen, clothes, ties, and studs, bought from the mostexpensive dealers in these goods, he quite knew would not serveas a reason for claiming superiority. At the same time he didclaim superiority, and accepted the respect paid him as his due,and was hurt if he did not get it. In the jurymen's room hisfeelings were hurt by disrespectful treatment. Among the jurythere happened to be a man whom he knew, a former teacher of hissister's children, Peter Gerasimovitch. Nekhludoff never knew hissurname, and even bragged a bit about this. This man was now amaster at a public school. Nekhludoff could not stand hisfamiliarity, his self-satisfied laughter, his vulgarity, inshort. + +"Ah ha! You're also trapped." These were the words, accompaniedwith boisterous laughter, with which Peter Gerasimovitch greetedNekhludoff. "Have you not managed to get out of it?" + +"I never meant to get out of it," replied Nekhludoff, gloomily,and in a tone of severity. + +"Well, I call this being public spirited. But just wait until youget hungry or sleepy; you'll sing to another tune then." + +"This son of a priest will be saying 'thou' [in Russian, as inmany other languages, "thou" is used generally among people veryfamiliar with each other, or by superiors to inferiors] to menext," thought Nekhludoff, and walked away, with such a look ofsadness on his face, as might have been natural if he had justheard of the death of all his relations. He came up to a groupthat had formed itself round a clean-shaven, tall, dignified man,who was recounting something with great animation. This man wastalking about the trial going on in the Civil Court as of a casewell known to himself, mentioning the judges and a celebratedadvocate by name. He was saying that it seemed wonderful how thecelebrated advocate had managed to give such a clever turn to theaffair that an old lady, though she had the right on her side,would have to pay a large sum to her opponent. "The advocate is agenius," he said. + +The listeners heard it all with respectful attention, and severalof them tried to put in a word, but the man interrupted them, asif he alone knew all about it. + +Though Nekhludoff had arrived late, he had to wait a long time.One of the members of the Court had not yet come, and everybodywas kept waiting. + +CHAPTER VI. + +THE JUDGES. + +The president, who had to take the chair, had arrived early. Thepresident was a tall, stout man, with long grey whiskers. Thoughmarried, he led a very loose life, and his wife did the same, sothey did not stand in each other's way. This morning he hadreceived a note from a Swiss girl, who had formerly been agoverness in his house, and who was now on her way from SouthRussia to St. Petersburg. She wrote that she would wait for himbetween five and six p.m. in the Hotel Italia. This made him wishto begin and get through the sitting as soon as possible, so asto have time to call before six p.m. on the little red-hairedClara Vasilievna, with whom he had begun a romance in the countrylast summer. He went into a private room, latched the door, tooka pair of dumb-bells out of a cupboard, moved his arms 20 timesupwards, downwards, forwards, and sideways, then holding thedumb-bells above his head, lightly bent his knees three times. + +"Nothing keeps one going like a cold bath and exercise," he said,feeling the biceps of his right arm with his left hand, on thethird finger of which he wore a gold ring. He had still to do themoulinee movement (for he always went through those two exercisesbefore a long sitting), when there was a pull at the door. Thepresident quickly put away the dumb-bells and opened the door,saying, "I beg your pardon." + +One of the members, a high-shouldered, discontented-looking man,with gold spectacles, came into the room. "Matthew Nikitich hasagain not come," he said, in a dissatisfied tone. + +"Not yet?" said the president, putting on his uniform. "He isalways late." + +"It is extraordinary. He ought to be ashamed of himself," saidthe member, angrily, and taking out a cigarette. + +This member, a very precise man, had had an unpleasant encounterwith his wife in the morning, because she had spent her allowancebefore the end of the month, and had asked him to give her somemoney in advance, but he would not give way to her, and they hada quarrel. The wife told him that if he were going to behave so,he need not expect any dinner; there would be no dinner for himat home. At this point he left, fearing that she might carry outher threat, for anything might be expected from her. "This comesof living a good, moral life," he thought, looking at thebeaming, healthy, cheerful, and kindly president, who, withelbows far apart, was smoothing his thick grey whiskers with hisfine white hands over the embroidered collar of his uniform. "Heis always contented and merry while I am suffering." + +The secretary came in and brought some document. + +"Thanks, very much," said the president, lighting a cigarette."Which case shall we take first, then?" + +"The poisoning case, I should say," answered the secretary, withindifference. + +"All right; the poisoning case let it be," said the president,thinking that he could get this case over by four o'clock, andthen go away. "And Matthew Nikitich; has he come?" + +"Not yet." + +"And Breve?" + +"He is here," replied the secretary. + +"Then if you see him, please tell him that we begin with thepoisoning case." Breve was the public prosecutor, who was to readthe indictment in this case. + +In the corridor the secretary met Breve, who, with up liftedshoulders, a portfolio under one arm, the other swinging with thepalm turned to the front, was hurrying along the corridor,clattering with his heels. + +"Michael Petrovitch wants to know if you are ready? the secretaryasked. + +"Of course; I am always ready," said the public prosecutor. "Whatare we taking first? + +"The poisoning case." + +"That's quite right," said the public prosecutor, but did notthink it at all right. He had spent the night in a hotel playingcards with a friend who was giving a farewell party. Up to fivein the morning they played and drank, so he had no time to lookat this poisoning case, and meant to run it through now. Thesecretary, happening to know this, advised the president to beginwith the poisoning case. The secretary was a Liberal, even aRadical, in opinion. + +Breve was a Conservative; the secretary disliked him, and enviedhim his position. + +"Well, and how about the Skoptzy?" [a religious sect] asked thesecretary. + +"I have already said that I cannot do it without witnesses, andso I shall say to the Court." + +"Dear me, what does it matter?" + +"I cannot do it," said Breve; and, waving his arm, he ran intohis private room. + +He was putting off the case of the Skoptzy on account of theabsence of a very unimportant witness, his real reason being thatif they were tried by an educated jury they might possibly beacquitted. + +By an agreement with the president this case was to be tried inthe coming session at a provincial town, where there would bemore peasants, and, therefore, more chances of conviction. + +The movement in the corridor increased. The people crowded mostat the doors of the Civil Court, in which the case that thedignified man talked about was being heard. + +An interval in the proceeding occurred, and the old woman cameout of the court, whose property that genius of an advocate hadfound means of getting for his client, a person versed in law whohad no right to it whatever. The judges knew all about the case,and the advocate and his client knew it better still, but themove they had invented was such that it was impossible not totake the old woman's property and not to hand it over to theperson versed in law. + +The old woman was stout, well dressed, and had enormous flowerson her bonnet; she stopped as she came out of the door, andspreading out her short fat arms and turning to her advocate, shekept repeating. "What does it all mean? just fancy!" + +The advocate was looking at the flowers in her bonnet, andevidently not listening to her, but considering some question orother. + +Next to the old woman, out of the door of the Civil Court, hisbroad, starched shirt front glistening from under his low-cutwaistcoat, with a self-satisfied look on his face, came thecelebrated advocate who had managed to arrange matters so thatthe old woman lost all she had, and the person versed in the lawreceived more than 100,000 roubles. The advocate passed close tothe old woman, and, feeling all eyes directed towards him, hiswhole bearing seemed to say: "No expressions of deference arerequired." + +CHAPTER VII. + +THE OFFICIALS OF THE COURT. + +At last Matthew Nikitich also arrived, and the usher, a thin man,with a long neck and a kind of sideways walk, his nether lipprotruding to one side, which made him resemble a turkey, cameinto the jurymen's room. + +This usher was an honest man, and had a university education, butcould not keep a place for any length of time, as he was subjectto fits of drunkenness. Three months before a certain countess,who patronised his wife, had found him this place, and he wasvery pleased to have kept it so long. + +"Well, sirs, is everybody here?" he asked, putting his pince-nezon his nose, and looking round. + +"Everybody, I think," said the jolly merchant. + +"All right; we'll soon see." And, taking a list from his pocket,he began calling out the names, looking at the men, sometimesthrough and sometimes over his pince-nez. + +"Councillor of State, [grades such as this are common in Russia,and mean very little] J. M. Nikiforoff!" + +"I am he," said the dignified-looking man, well versed in thehabits of the law court. + +"Ivan Semionovitch Ivanoff, retired colonel! + +"Here!" replied a thin man, in the uniform of a retired officer. + +"Merchant of the Second Guild, Peter Baklasheff!" + +"Here we are, ready!" said the good-humoured merchant, with abroad smile. + +"Lieutenant of the Guards, Prince Dmitri Nekhludoff!" + +"I am he," answered Nekhludoff. + +The usher bowed to him, looking over his pince-nez, politely andpleasantly, as if wishing to distinguish him from the others. + +"Captain Youri Demitrievitch-Dantchenko, merchant; GrigoriEuphimitch Kouleshoff," etc. All but two were present. + +"Now please to come to the court, gentlemen," said the usher,pointing to the door, with an amiable wave of his hand. + +All moved towards the door, pausing to let each other pass. Thenthey went through the corridor into the court. + +The court was a large, long room. At one end there was a raisedplatform, with three steps leading up to it, on which stood atable, covered with a green cloth trimmed with a fringe of adarker shade. At the table were placed three arm-chairs, withhigh-carved oak backs; on the wall behind them hung afull-length, brightly-coloured portrait of the Emperor in uniformand ribbon, with one foot in advance, and holding a sword. In theright corner hung a case, with an image of Christ crowned withthorns, and beneath it stood a lectern, and on the same side theprosecuting attorney's desk. On the left, opposite the desk, wasthe secretary's table, and in front of it, nearer the public, anoak grating, with the prisoners' bench, as yet unoccupied, behindit. Besides all this, there were on the right side of theplatform high-backed ashwood chairs for the jury, and on thefloor below tables for the advocates. All this was in the frontpart of the court, divided from the back by a grating. + +The back was all taken up by seats in tiers. Sitting on the frontseats were four women, either servant or factory girls, and twoworking men, evidently overawed by the grandeur of the room, andnot venturing to speak above a whisper. + +Soon after the jury had come in the usher entered, with hissideward gait, and stepping to the front, called out in a loudvoice, as if he meant to frighten those present, "The Court iscoming!" Every one got up as the members stepped on to theplatform. Among them the president, with his muscles and finewhiskers. Next came the gloomy member of the Court, who was nowmore gloomy than ever, having met his brother-in-law, whoinformed him that he had just called in to see his sister (themember's wife), and that she had told him that there would be nodinner there. + +"So that, evidently, we shall have to call in at a cook shop,"the brother-in-law added, laughing. + +"It is not at all funny," said the gloomy member, and becamegloomier still. + +Then at last came the third member of the Court, the same MatthewNikitich, who was always late. He was a bearded man, with large,round, kindly eyes. He was suffering from a catarrh of thestomach, and, according to his doctor's advice, he had beguntrying a new treatment, and this had kept him at home longer thanusual. Now, as he was ascending the platform, he had a pensiveair. He was in the habit of making guesses in answer to all sortsof self-put questions by different curious means. Just now he hadasked whether the new treatment would be beneficial, and haddecided that it would cure his catarrh if the number of stepsfrom the door to his chair would divide by three. He made 26steps, but managed to get in a 27th just by his chair. + +The figures of the president and the members in their uniforms,with gold-embroidered collars, looked very imposing. They seemedto feel this themselves, and, as if overpowered by their owngrandeur, hurriedly sat down on the high backed chairs behind thetable with the green cloth, on which were a triangular articlewith an eagle at the top, two glass vases--something like thosein which sweetmeats are kept in refreshment rooms--an inkstand,pens, clean paper, and good, newly-cut pencils of differentkinds. + +The public prosecutor came in with the judges. With his portfoliounder one arm, and swinging the other, he hurriedly walked to hisseat near the window, and was instantly absorbed in reading andlooking through the papers, not wasting a single moment, in hopeof being ready when the business commenced. He had been publicprosecutor but a short time, and had only prosecuted four timesbefore this. He was very ambitious, and had firmly made up hismind to get on, and therefore thought it necessary to get aconviction whenever he prosecuted. He knew the chief facts of thepoisoning case, and had already formed a plan of action. He onlywanted to copy out a few points which he required. + +The secretary sat on the opposite side of the platform, and,having got ready all the papers he might want, was lookingthrough an article, prohibited by the censor, which he hadprocured and read the day before. He was anxious to have a talkabout this article with the bearded member, who shared his views,but wanted to look through it once more before doing so. + +CHAPTER VIII. + +SWEARING IN THE JURY. + +The president, having looked through some papers and put a fewquestions to the usher and the secretary, gave the order for theprisoners to be brought in. + +The door behind the grating was instantly opened, and twogendarmes, with caps on their heads, and holding naked swords intheir hands, came in, followed by the prisoners, a red-haired,freckled man, and two women. The man wore a prison cloak, whichwas too long and too wide for him. He stuck out his thumbs, andheld his arms close to his sides, thus keeping the sleeves, whichwere also too long, from slipping over his hands. Without lookingat the judges he gazed steadfastly at the form, and passing tothe other side of it, he sat down carefully at the very edge,leaving plenty of room for the others. He fixed his eyes on thepresident, and began moving the muscles of his cheeks, as ifwhispering something. The woman who came next was also dressed ina prison cloak, and had a prison kerchief round her head. She hada sallow complexion, no eyebrows or lashes, and very red eyes.This woman appeared perfectly calm. Having caught her cloakagainst something, she detached it carefully, without any haste,and sat down. + +The third prisoner was Maslova. + +As soon as she appeared, the eyes of all the men in the courtturned her way, and remained fixed on her white face, hersparklingly-brilliant black eyes and the swelling bosom under theprison cloak. Even the gendarme whom she passed on her way to herseat looked at her fixedly till she sat down, and then, as iffeeling guilty, hurriedly turned away, shook himself, and beganstaring at the window in front of him. + +The president paused until the prisoners had taken their seats,and when Maslova was seated, turned to the secretary. + +Then the usual procedure commenced; the counting of the jury,remarks about those who had not come, the fixing of the fines tobe exacted from them, the decisions concerning those who claimedexemption, the appointing of reserve jurymen. + +Having folded up some bits of paper and put them in one of theglass vases, the president turned up the gold-embroidered cuffsof his uniform a little way, and began drawing the lots, one byone, and opening them. Nekhludoff was among the jurymen thusdrawn. Then, having let down his sleeves, the president requestedthe priest to swear in the jury. + +The old priest, with his puffy, red face, his brown gown, and hisgold cross and little order, laboriously moving his stiff legs,came up to the lectern beneath the icon. + +The jurymen got up, and crowded towards the lectern. + +"Come up, please," said the priest, pulling at the cross on hisbreast with his plump hand, and waiting till all the jury haddrawn near. When they had all come up the steps of the platform,the priest passed his bald, grey head sideways through the greasyopening of the stole, and, having rearranged his thin hair, heagain turned to the jury. "Now, raise your right arms in thisway, and put your fingers together, thus," he said, with histremulous old voice, lifting his fat, dimpled hand, and puttingthe thumb and two first fingers together, as if taking a pinch ofsomething. "Now, repeat after me, 'I promise and swear, by theAlmighty God, by His holy gospels, and by the life-giving crossof our Lord, that in this work which,'" he said, pausing betweeneach sentence--"don't let your arm down; hold it like this," heremarked to a young man who had lowered his arm--"'that in thiswork which . . . '" + +The dignified man with the whiskers, the colonel, the merchant,and several more held their arms and fingers as the priestrequired of them, very high, very exactly, as if they liked doingit; others did it unwillingly and carelessly. Some repeated thewords too loudly, and with a defiant tone, as if they meant tosay, "In spite of all, I will and shall speak." Others whisperedvery low, and not fast enough, and then, as if frightened,hurried to catch up the priest. Some kept their fingers tightlytogether, as if fearing to drop the pinch of invisible somethingthey held; others kept separating and folding theirs. Every onesave the old priest felt awkward, but he was sure he wasfulfilling a very useful and important duty. + +After the swearing in, the president requested the jury to choosea foreman, and the jury, thronging to the door, passed out intothe debating-room, where almost all of them at once began tosmoke cigarettes. Some one proposed the dignified man as foreman,and he was unanimously accepted. Then the jurymen put out theircigarettes and threw them away and returned to the court. Thedignified man informed the president that he was chosen foreman,and all sat down again on the high-backed chairs. + +Everything went smoothly, quickly, and not without a certainsolemnity. And this exactitude, order, and solemnity evidentlypleased those who took part in it: it strengthened the impressionthat they were fulfilling a serious and valuable public duty.Nekhludoff, too, felt this. + +As soon as the jurymen were seated, the president made a speechon their rights, obligations, and responsibilities. Whilespeaking he kept changing his position; now leaning on his right,now on his left hand, now against the back, then on the arms ofhis chair, now putting the papers straight, now handling hispencil and paper-knife. + +According to his words, they had the right of interrogating theprisoners through the president, to use paper and pencils, and toexamine the articles put in as evidence. Their duty was to judgenot falsely, but justly. Their responsibility meant that if thesecrecy of their discussion were violated, or communications wereestablished with outsiders, they would be liable to punishment.Every one listened with an expression of respectful attention.The merchant, diffusing a smell of brandy around him, andrestraining loud hiccups, approvingly nodded his head at everysentence. + +CHAPTER IX. + +THE TRIAL--THE PRISONERS QUESTIONED. + +When he had finished his speech, the president turned to the maleprisoner. + +"Simeon Kartinkin, rise." + +Simeon jumped up, his lips continuing to move nervously andinaudibly. + +"Your name?" + +"Simon Petrov Kartinkin," he said, rapidly, with a cracked voice,having evidently prepared the answer. + +"What class do you belong to?" + +"Peasant." + +"What government, district, and parish?" + +"Toula Government, Krapivinskia district, Koupianovski parish,the village Borki." + +"Your age?" + +"Thirty-three; born in the year one thousand eight--" + +"What religion?" + +"Of the Russian religion, orthodox." + +"Married?" + +"Oh, no, sir." + +"Your occupation?" + +"I had a place in the Hotel Mauritania." + +"Have you ever been tried before?" + +"I never got tried before, because, as we used to liveformerly--" + +"So you never were tried before?" + +"God forbid, never." + +"Have you received a copy of the indictment?" + +"I have." + +"Sit down." + +"Euphemia Ivanovna Botchkova," said the president, turning to thenext prisoner. + +But Simon continued standing in front of Botchkova. + +"Kartinkin, sit down!" Kartinkin continued standing. + +"Kartinkin, sit down!" But Kartinkin sat down only when theusher, with his head on one side, and with preternaturallywide-open eyes, ran up, and said, in a tragic whisper, "Sit down,sit down!" + +Kartinkin sat down as hurriedly as he had risen, wrapping hiscloak round him, and again began moving his lips silently. + +"Your name?" asked the president, with a weary sigh at beingobliged to repeat the same questions, without looking at theprisoner, but glancing over a paper that lay before him. Thepresident was so used to his task that, in order to get quickerthrough it all, he did two things at a time. + +Botchkova was forty-three years old, and came from the town ofKalomna. She, too, had been in service at the Hotel Mauritania. + +"I have never been tried before, and have received a copy of theindictment." She gave her answers boldly, in a tone of voice asif she meant to add to each answer, "And I don't care who knowsit, and I won't stand any nonsense." + +She did not wait to be told, but sat down as soon as she hadreplied to the last question. + +"Your name?" turning abruptly to the third prisoner. "You willhave to rise," he added, softly and gently, seeing that Maslovakept her seat. + +Maslova got up and stood, with her chest expanded, looking at thepresident with that peculiar expression of readiness in hersmiling black eyes. + +"What is your name?" + +"Lubov," she said. + +Nekhludoff had put on his pince-nez, looking at the prisonerswhile they were being questioned. + +"No, it is impossible," he thought, not taking his eyes off theprisoner. "Lubov! How can it be?" he thought to himself, afterhearing her answer. The president was going to continue hisquestions, but the member with the spectacles interrupted him,angrily whispering something. The president nodded, and turnedagain to the prisoner. + +"How is this," he said, "you are not put down here as Lubov?" + +The prisoner remained silent. + +"I want your real name." + +"What is your baptismal name?" asked the angry member. + +"Formerly I used to be called Katerina." + +"No, it cannot be," said Nekhludoff to himself; and yet he wasnow certain that this was she, that same girl, half ward, halfservant to his aunts; that Katusha, with whom he had once been inlove, really in love, but whom he had betrayed and thenabandoned, and never again brought to mind, for the memory wouldhave been too painful, would have convicted him too clearly,proving that he who was so proud of his integrity had treatedthis woman in a revolting, scandalous way. + +Yes, this was she. He now clearly saw in her face that strange,indescribable individuality which distinguishes every face fromall others; something peculiar, all its own, not to be foundanywhere else. In spite of the unhealthy pallor and the fulnessof the face, it was there, this sweet, peculiar individuality; onthose lips, in the slight squint of her eyes, in the voice,particularly in the naive smile, and in the expression ofreadiness on the face and figure. + +"You should have said so," remarked the president, again in agentle tone. "Your patronymic?" + +"I am illegitimate." + +"Well, were you not called by your godfather's name?" + +"Yes, Mikhaelovna." + +"And what is it she can be guilty of?" continued Nekhludoff, inhis mind, unable to breathe freely. + +"Your family name--your surname, I mean?" the president went on. + +"They used to call me by my mother's surname, Maslova." + +"What class?" + +"Meschanka." [the lowest town class or grade] + +"Religion--orthodox?" + +"Orthodox." + +"Occupation. What was your occupation?" + +Maslova remained silent. + +"What was your employment?" + +"You know yourself," she said, and smiled. Then, casting ahurried look round the room, again turned her eyes on thepresident. + +There was something so unusual in the expression of her face, soterrible and piteous in the meaning of the words she had uttered,in this smile, and in the furtive glance she had cast round theroom, that the president was abashed, and for a few minutessilence reigned in the court. The silence was broken by some oneamong the public laughing, then somebody said "Ssh," and thepresident looked up and continued: + +"Have you ever been tried before?" + +"Never," answered Maslova, softly, and sighed. + +"Have you received a copy of the indictment?" + +"I have," she answered. + +"Sit down." + +The prisoner leant back to pick up her skirt in the way a finelady picks up her train, and sat down, folding her small whitehands in the sleeves of her cloak, her eyes fixed on thepresident. Her face was calm again. + +The witnesses were called, and some sent away; the doctor who wasto act as expert was chosen and called into the court. + +Then the secretary got up and began reading the indictment. Heread distinctly, though he pronounced the "I" and "r" alike, witha loud voice, but so quickly that the words ran into one anotherand formed one uninterrupted, dreary drone. + +The judges bent now on one, now on the other arm of their chairs,then on the table, then back again, shut and opened their eyes,and whispered to each other. One of the gendarmes several timesrepressed a yawn. + +The prisoner Kartinkin never stopped moving his cheeks.Botchkova sat quite still and straight, only now and thenscratching her head under the kerchief. + +Maslova sat immovable, gazing at the reader; only now and thenshe gave a slight start, as if wishing to reply, blushed, sighedheavily, and changed the position of her hands, looked round, andagain fixed her eyes on the reader. + +Nekhludoff sat in the front row on his high-backed chair, withoutremoving his pince-nez, and looked at Maslova, while acomplicated and fierce struggle was going on in his soul. + +CHAPTER X. + +THE TRIAL--THE INDICTMENT. + +The indictment ran as follows: On the 17th of January, 18--, inthe lodging-house Mauritania, occurred the sudden death of theSecond Guild merchant, Therapont Emilianovich Smelkoff, ofKourgan. + +The local police doctor of the fourth district certified thatdeath was due to rupture of the heart, owing to the excessive useof alcoholic liquids. The body of the said Smelkoff was interred.After several days had elapsed, the merchant Timokhin, afellow-townsman and companion of the said Smelkoff, returned fromSt. Petersburg, and hearing the circumstances that accompaniedthe death of the latter, notified his suspicions that the deathwas caused by poison, given with intent to rob the said Smelkoffof his money. This suspicion was corroborated on inquiry, whichproved: + +1. That shortly before his death the said Smelkoff had receivedthe sum of 3,800 roubles from the bank. When an inventory of theproperty of the deceased was made, only 312 roubles and 16copecks were found. + +2. The whole day and night preceding his death the said Smelkoffspent with Lubka (alias Katerina Maslova) at her home and in thelodging-house Mauritania, which she also visited at the saidSmelkoff's request during his absence, to get some money, whichshe took out of his portmanteau in the presence of the servantsof the lodging-house Mauritania, Euphemia Botchkova and SimeonKartinkin, with a key given her by the said Smelkoff. In theportmanteau opened by the said Maslova, the said Botchkova andKartinkin saw packets of 100-rouble bank-notes. + +3. On the said Smelkoff's return to the lodging-house Mauritania,together with Lubka, the latter, in accordance with the attendantKartinkin's advice, gave the said Smelkoff some white powdergiven to her by the said Kartinkin, dissolved in brandy. + +4. The next morning the said Lubka (alias Katerina Maslova) soldto her mistress, the witness Kitaeva, a brothel-keeper, a diamondring given to her, as she alleged, by the said Smelkoff. + +5. The housemaid of the lodging-house Mauritania, EuphemiaBotchkova, placed to her account in the local Commercial Bank1,800 roubles. The postmortem examination of the body of the saidSmelkoff and the chemical analysis of his intestines provedbeyond doubt the presence of poison in the organism, so thatthere is reason to believe that the said Smelkoff's death wascaused by poisoning. + +When cross-examined, the accused, Maslova, Botchkova, andKartinkin, pleaded not guilty, deposing--Maslova, that she hadreally been sent by Smelkoff from the brothel, where she "works,"as she expresses it, to the lodging-house Mauritania to get themerchant some money, and that, having unlocked the portmanteauwith a key given her by the merchant, she took out 40 roubles, asshe was told to do, and that she had taken nothing more; thatBotchkova and Kartinkin, in whose presence she unlocked andlocked the portmanteau, could testify to the truth of thestatement. + +She gave this further evidence--that when she came to thelodging-house for the second time she did, at the instigation ofSimeon Kartinkin, give Smelkoff sonic kind of powder, which shethought was a narcotic, in a glass of brandy, hoping he wouldfall asleep and that she would be able to get away from him; andthat Smelkoff, having beaten her, himself gave her the ring whenshe cried and threatened to go away. + +The accused, Euphemia Botchkova, stated that she knew nothingabout the missing money, that she had not even gone intoSmelkoff's room, but that Lubka had been busy there all byherself; that if anything had been stolen, it must have been doneby Lubka when she came with the merchant's key to get his money. + +At this point Maslova gave a start, opened her mouth, and lookedat Botchkova. "When," continued the secretary," the receipt for1,800 roubles from the bank was shown to Botchkova, and she wasasked where she had obtained the money, she said that it was herown earnings for 12 years, and those of Simeon, whom she wasgoing to marry. The accused Simeon Kartinkin, when firstexamined, confessed that he and Botchkova, at the instigation ofMaslova, who had come with the key from the brothel, had stolenthe money and divided it equally among themselves and Maslova.Here Maslova again started, half-rose from her seat, and,blushing scarlet, began to say something, but was stopped by theusher. "At last," the secretary continued, reading, "Kartinkinconfessed also that he had supplied the powders in order to getSmelkoff to sleep. When examined the second time he denied havinghad anything to do with the stealing of the money or givingMaslova the powders, accusing her of having done it alone."Concerning the money placed in the bank by Botchkova, he said thesame as she, that is, that the money was given to them both bythe lodgers in tips during 12 years' service. + +The indictment concluded as follows: + +In consequence of the foregoing, the peasant of the villageBorki, Simeon Kartinkin, 33 years of age, the meschanka EuphemiaBotchkova, 43 years of age, and the meschanka Katerina Maslova,27 years of age, are accused of having on the 17th day ofJanuary, 188--, jointly stolen from the said merchant, Smelkoff,a ring and money, to the value of 2,500 roubles, and of havinggiven the said merchant, Smelkoff, poison to drink, with intentof depriving him of life, and thereby causing his death. Thiscrime is provided for in clause 1,455 of the Penal Code,paragraphs 4 and 5. + +CHAPTER XI. + +THE TRIAL--MASLOVA CROSS-EXAMINED. + +When the reading of the indictment was over, the president, afterhaving consulted the members, turned to Kartinkin, with anexpression that plainly said: Now we shall find out the wholetruth down to the minutest detail. + +"Peasant Simeon Kartinkin," he said, stooping to the left. + +Simeon Kartinkin got up, stretched his arms down his sides, andleaning forward with his whole body, continued moving his cheeksinaudibly. + +"You are accused of having on the 17th January, 188--, togetherwith Euphemia Botchkova and Katerina Maslova, stolen money from aportmanteau belonging to the merchant Smelkoff, and then, havingprocured some arsenic, persuaded Katerina Maslova to give it tothe merchant Smelkoff in a glass of brandy, which was the causeof Smelkoff's death. Do you plead guilty?" said the president,stooping to the right. + +"Not nohow, because our business is to attend on the lodgers,and--" + +"You'll tell us that afterwards. Do you plead guilty?" + +"Oh, no, sir. I only,--" + +"You'll tell us that afterwards. Do you plead guilty?" quietlyand firmly asked the president. + +"Can't do such a thing, because that--" + +The usher again rushed up to Simeon Kartinkin, and stopped himin a tragic whisper. + +The president moved the hand with which he held the paper andplaced the elbow in a different position with an air that said:"This is finished," and turned to Euphemia Botchkova. + +"Euphemia Botchkova, you are accused of having, on the 17th ofJanuary, 188-, in the lodging-house Mauritania, together withSimeon Kartinkin and Katerina Maslova, stolen some money and aring out of the merchant Smelkoff's portmanteau, and havingshared the money among yourselves, given poison to the merchantSmelkoff, thereby causing his death. Do you plead guilty?" + +"I am not guilty of anything," boldly and firmly replied theprisoner. "I never went near the room, but when this baggage wentin she did the whole business." + +"You will say all this afterwards," the president again said,quietly and firmly. "So you do not plead guilty?" + +"I did not take the money nor give the drink, nor go into theroom. Had I gone in I should have kicked her out." + +"So you do not plead guilty?" + +"Never." + +"Very well." + +"Katerina Maslova," the president began, turning to the thirdprisoner, "you are accused of having come from the brothel withthe key of the merchant Smelkoff's portmanteau, money, and aring." He said all this like a lesson learned by heart, leaningtowards the member on his left, who was whispering into his carthat a bottle mentioned in the list of the material evidence wasmissing. "Of having stolen out of the portmanteau money and aring," he repeated, "and shared it. Then, returning to thelodging house Mauritania with Smelkoff, of giving him poison inhis drink, and thereby causing his death. Do you plead guilty?" + +"I am not guilty of anything," she began rapidly. "As I saidbefore I say again, I did not take it--I did not take it; I didnot take anything, and the ring he gave me himself." + +"You do not plead guilty of having stolen 2,500 roubles?" askedthe president. + +"I've said I took nothing but the 40 roubles." + +"Well, and do you plead guilty of having given the merchantSmelkoff a powder in his drink?" + +"Yes, that I did. Only I believed what they told me, that theywere sleeping powders, and that no harm could come of them. Inever thought, and never wished. . . God is my witness; I say, Inever meant this," she said. + +"So you do not plead guilty of having stolen the money and thering from the merchant Smelkoff, but confess that you gave himthe powder?" said the president. + +"Well, yes, I do confess this, but I thought they were sleepingpowders. I only gave them to make him sleep; I never meant andnever thought of worse." + +"Very well," said the president, evidently satisfied with theresults gained. "Now tell us how it all happened," and he leanedback in his chair and put his folded hands on the table. "Tell usall about it. A free and full confession will be to youradvantage." + +Maslova continued to look at the president in silence, andblushing. + +"Tell us how it happened." + +"How it happened?" Maslova suddenly began, speaking quickly. "Icame to the lodging-house, and was shown into the room. He wasthere, already very drunk." She pronounced the word HE with alook of horror in her wide-open eyes. "I wished to go away, buthe would not let me." She stopped, as if having lost the thread,or remembered some thing else. + +"Well, and then?" + +"Well, what then? I remained a bit, and went home again." + +At this moment the public prosecutor raised himself a little,leaning on one elbow in an awkward manner. + +"You would like to put a question?" said the president, andhaving received an answer in the affirmative, he made a gestureinviting the public prosecutor to speak. + +"I want to ask, was the prisoner previously acquainted withSimeon Kartinkin?" said the public prosecutor, without looking atMaslova, and, having put the question, he compressed his lips andfrowned. + +The president repeated the question. Maslova stared at the publicprosecutor, with a frightened look. + +"With Simeon? Yes," she said. + +"I should like to know what the prisoner's acquaintance withKartinkin consisted in. Did they meet often?" + +"Consisted in? . . . + +"He invited me for the lodgers; it was not an acquaintance atall," answered Maslova, anxiously moving her eyes from thepresident to the public prosecutor and back to the president. + +"I should like to know why Kartinkin invited only Maslova, andnone of the other girls, for the lodgers?" said the publicprosecutor, with half-closed eyes and a cunning, Mephistopheliansmile. + +"I don't know. How should I know?" said Maslova, casting afrightened look round, and fixing her eyes for a moment onNekhludoff. "He asked whom he liked." + +"Is it possible that she has recognised me?" thought Nekhludoff,and the blood rushed to his face. But Maslova turned away withoutdistinguishing him from the others, and again fixed her eyesanxiously on the public prosecutor. + +"So the prisoner denies having had any intimate relations withKartinkin? Very well, I have no more questions to ask." + +And the public prosecutor took his elbow off the desk, and beganwriting something. He was not really noting anything down, butonly going over the letters of his notes with a pen, having seenthe procureur and leading advocates, after putting a cleverquestion, make a note, with which, later on, to annihilate theiradversaries. + +The president did not continue at once, because he was consultingthe member with the spectacles, whether he was agreed that thequestions (which had all been prepared be forehand and writtenout) should be put. + +"Well! What happened next?" he then went on. + +"I came home," looking a little more boldly only at thepresident, "and went to bed. Hardly had I fallen asleep when oneof our girls, Bertha, woke me. 'Go, your merchant has comeagain!' He"--she again uttered the word HE with evident horror--"he kept treating our girls, and then wanted to send for morewine, but his money was all gone, and he sent me to his lodgingsand told me where the money was, and how much to take. So Iwent." + +The president was whispering to the member on his left, but, inorder to appear as if he had heard, he repeated her last words. + +"So you went. Well, what next?" + +"I went, and did all he told me; went into his room. I did not goalone, but called Simeon Kartinkin and her," she said, pointingto Botchkova. + +"That's a lie; I never went in," Botchkova began, but wasstopped. + +"In their presence I took out four notes," continued Maslova,frowning, without looking at Botchkova. + +"Yes, but did the prisoner notice," again asked the prosecutor,"how much money there was when she was getting out the 40roubles?" + +Maslova shuddered when the prosecutor addressed her; she did notknow why it was, but she felt that he wished her evil. + +"I did not count it, but only saw some 100-rouble notes." + +"Ah! The prisoner saw 100-rouble notes. That's all?" + +"Well, so you brought back the money," continued the president,looking at the clock. + +"I did." + +"Well, and then?" + +"Then he took me back with him," said Maslova. + +"Well, and how did you give him the powder?, In his drink?" + +"How did I give it? I put them in and gave it him." + +Why did you give it him?" + +She did not answer, but sighed deeply and heavily. + +"He would not let me go," she said, after a moment's silence,"and I was quite tired out, and so I went out into the passageand said to Simeon, 'If he would only let me go, I am so tired.'And he said, 'We are also sick of him; we were thinking of givinghim a sleeping draught; he will fall asleep, and then you cango.' So I said all right. I thought they were harmless, and hegave me the packet. I went in. He was lying behind the partition,and at once called for brandy. I took a bottle of 'finechampagne' from the table, poured out two glasses, one for himand one for myself, and put the powders into his glass, and gaveit him. Had I known how could I have given them to him?" + +"Well, and how did the ring come into your possession? asked thepresident. "When did he give it you?" + +"That was when we came back to his lodgings. I wanted to go away,and he gave me a knock on the head and broke my comb. I got angryand said I'd go away, and he took the ring off his finger andgave it to me so that I should not go," she said. + +Then the public prosecutor again slightly raised himself, and,putting on an air of simplicity, asked permission to put a fewmore questions, and, having received it, bending his head overhis embroidered collar, he said: "I should like to know how longthe prisoner remained in the merchant Smelkoff's room." + +Maslova again seemed frightened, and she again looked anxiouslyfrom the public prosecutor to the president, and said hurriedly: + +"I do not remember how long." + +"Yes, but does the prisoner remember if she went anywhere else inthe lodging-house after she left Smelkoff?" + +Maslova considered for a moment. "Yes, I did go into an emptyroom next to his." + +"Yes, and why did you go in?" asked the public prosecutor,forgetting himself, and addressing her directly. + +"I went in to rest a bit, and to wait for an isvostchik." + +"And was Kartinkin in the room with the prisoner, or not?" + +"He came in." + +"Why did he come in?" + +"There was some of the merchant's brandy left, and we finished ittogether." + +"Oh, finished it together. Very well! And did the prisoner talkto Kartinkin, and, if so, what about?" + +Maslova suddenly frowned, blushed very red, and said, hurriedly,"What about? I did not talk about anything, and that's all Iknow. Do what you like with me; I am not guilty, and that's all." + +"I have nothing more to ask," said the prosecutor, and, drawingup his shoulders in an unnatural manner, began writing down, asthe prisoner's own evidence, in the notes for his speech, thatshe had been in the empty room with Kartinkin. + +There was a short silence. + +"You have nothing more to say?" + +"I have told everything," she said, with a sigh, and sat down. + +Then the president noted something down, and, having listened tosomething that the member on his left whispered to him, heannounced a ten-minutes' interval, rose hurriedly, and left thecourt. The communication he had received from the tall, beardedmember with the kindly eyes was that the member, having felt aslight stomach derangement, wished to do a little massage and totake some drops. And this was why an interval was made. + +When the judges had risen, the advocates, the jury, and thewitnesses also rose, with the pleasant feeling that part of thebusiness was finished, and began moving in different directions. + +Nekhludoff went into the jury's room, and sat down by the window. + +CHAPTER XII. + +TWELVE YEARS BEFORE. + +"Yes, this was Katusha." + +The relations between Nekhludoff and Katusha had been thefollowing: + +Nekhludoff first saw Katusha when he was a student in his thirdyear at the University, and was preparing an essay on land tenureduring the summer vacation, which he passed with his aunts. Untilthen he had always lived, in summer, with his mother and sisteron his mother's large estate near Moscow. But that year hissister had married, and his mother had gone abroad to awatering-place, and he, having his essay to write, resolved tospend the summer with his aunts. It was very quiet in theirsecluded estate and there was nothing to distract his mind; hisaunts loved their nephew and heir very tenderly, and he, too, wasfond of them and of their simple, old-fashioned life. + +During that summer on his aunts' estate, Nekhludoff passedthrough that blissful state of existence when a young man for thefirst time, without guidance from any one outside, realises allthe beauty and significance of life, and the importance of thetask allotted in it to man; when he grasps the possibility ofunlimited advance towards perfection for one's self and for allthe world, and gives himself to this task, not only hopefully,but with full conviction of attaining to the perfection heimagines. In that year, while still at the University, he hadread Spencer's Social Statics, and Spencer's views on landholdingespecially impressed him, as he himself was heir to largeestates. His father had not been rich, but his mother hadreceived 10,000 acres of land for her dowry. At that time hefully realised all the cruelty and injustice of private propertyin land, and being one of those to whom a sacrifice to thedemands of conscience gives the highest spiritual enjoyment, hedecided not to retain property rights, but to give up to thepeasant labourers the land he had inherited from his father. Itwas on this land question he wrote his essay. + +He arranged his life on his aunts' estate in the followingmanner. He got up very early, sometimes at three o'clock, andbefore sunrise went through the morning mists to bathe in theriver, under the hill. He returned while the dew still lay on thegrass and the flowers. Sometimes, having finished his coffee, hesat down with his books of reference and his papers to write hisessay, but very often, instead of reading or writing, he lefthome again, and wandered through the fields and the woods. Beforedinner he lay down and slept somewhere in the garden. At dinnerhe amused and entertained his aunts with his bright spirits, thenhe rode on horseback or went for a row on the river, and in theevening he again worked at his essay, or sat reading or playingpatience with his aunts. + +His joy in life was so great that it agitated him, and kept himawake many a night, especially when it was moonlight, so thatinstead of sleeping he wandered about in the garden till dawn,alone with his dreams and fancies. + +And so, peacefully and happily, he lived through the first monthof his stay with his aunts, taking no particular notice of theirhalf-ward, half-servant, the black-eyed, quick-footed Katusha.Then, at the age of nineteen, Nekhludoff, brought up under hismother's wing, was still quite pure. If a woman figured in hisdreams at all it was only as a wife. All the other women, who,according to his ideas he could not marry, were not women forhim, but human beings. + +But on Ascension Day that summer, a neighbour of his aunts', andher family, consisting of two young daughters, a schoolboy, and ayoung artist of peasant origin who was staying with them, came tospend the day. After tea they all went to play in the meadow infront of the house, where the grass had already been mown. Theyplayed at the game of gorelki, and Katusha joined them. Runningabout and changing partners several times, Nekhludoff caughtKatusha, and she became his partner. Up to this time he had likedKatusha's looks, but the possibility of any nearer relations withher had never entered his mind. + +"Impossible to catch those two," said the merry young artist,whose turn it was to catch, and who could run very fast with hisshort, muscular legs. + +"You! And not catch us?" said Katusha. + +"One, two, three," and the artist clapped his hands. Katusha,hardly restraining her laughter, changed places with Nekhludoff,behind the artist's back, and pressing his large hand with herlittle rough one, and rustling with her starched petticoat, ranto the left. Nekhludoff ran fast to the right, trying to escapefrom the artist, but when he looked round he saw the artistrunning after Katusha, who kept well ahead, her firm young legsmoving rapidly. There was a lilac bush in front of them, andKatusha made a sign with her head to Nekhludoff to join herbehind it, for if they once clasped hands again they were safefrom their pursuer, that being a rule of the game. He understoodthe sign, and ran behind the bush, but he did not know that therewas a small ditch overgrown with nettles there. He stumbled andfell into the nettles, already wet with dew, stinging his bands,but rose immediately, laughing at his mishap. + +Katusha, with her eyes black as sloes, her face radiant with joy,was flying towards him, and they caught hold of each other'shands. + +"Got stung, I daresay?" she said, arranging her hair with herfree hand, breathing fast and looking straight up at him with aglad, pleasant smile. + +"I did not know there was a ditch here," he answered, smilingalso, and keeping her hand in his. She drew nearer to him, and hehimself, not knowing how it happened, stooped towards her. Shedid not move away, and he pressed her hand tight and kissed heron the lips. + +"There! You've done it!" she said; and, freeing her hand with aswift movement, ran away from him. Then, breaking two branches ofwhite lilac from which the blossoms were already falling, shebegan fanning her hot face with them; then, with her head turnedback to him, she walked away, swaying her arms briskly in frontof her, and joined the other players. + +After this there grew up between Nekhludoff and Katusha thosepeculiar relations which often exist between a pure young man andgirl who are attracted to each other. + +When Katusha came into the room, or even when he saw her whiteapron from afar, everything brightened up in Nekhludoff's eyes,as when the sun appears everything becomes more interesting, morejoyful, more important. The whole of life seemed full ofgladness. And she felt the same. But it was not only Katusha'spresence that had this effect on Nekhludoff. The mere thoughtthat Katusha existed (and for her that Nekhludoff existed) hadthis effect. + +When he received an unpleasant letter from his mother, or couldnot get on with his essay, or felt the unreasoning sadness thatyoung people are often subject to, he had only to rememberKatusha and that he should see her, and it all vanished. Katushahad much work to do in the house, but she managed to get a littleleisure for reading, and Nekhludoff gave her Dostoievsky andTourgeneff (whom he had just read himself) to read. She likedTourgeneff's Lull best. They had talks at moments snatched whenmeeting in the passage, on the veranda, or the yard, andsometimes in the room of his aunts' old servant, MatronaPavlovna, with whom he sometimes used to drink tea, and whereKatusha used to work. + +These talks in Matrona Pavlovna's presence were the pleasantest.When they were alone it was worse. Their eyes at once began tosay something very different and far more important than whattheir mouths uttered. Their lips puckered, and they felt a kindof dread of something that made them part quickly. Theserelations continued between Nekhludoff and Katusha during thewhole time of his first visit to his aunts'. They noticed it, andbecame frightened, and even wrote to Princess Elena Ivanovna,Nekhludoff's mother. His aunt, Mary Ivanovna, was afraid Dmitriwould form an intimacy with Katusha; but her fears weregroundless, for Nekhludoff, himself hardly conscious of it, lovedKatusha, loved her as the pure love, and therein lay hissafety--his and hers. He not only did not feel any desire topossess her, but the very thought of it filled him with horror.The fears of the more poetical Sophia Ivanovna, that Dmitri, withhis thoroughgoing, resolute character, having fallen in love witha girl, might make up his mind to marry her, without consideringeither her birth or her station, had more ground. + +Had Nekhludoff at that time been conscious of his love forKatusha, and especially if he had been told that he could on noaccount join his life with that of a girl in her position, itmight have easily happened that, with his usual straight-forwardness, he would have come to the conclusion that therecould be no possible reason for him not to marry any girlwhatever, as long as he loved her. But his aunts did notmention their fears to him; and, when he left, he was stillunconscious of his love for Katusha. He was sure that what hefelt for Katusha was only one of the manifestations of the joy oflife that filled his whole being, and that this sweet, merrylittle girl shared this joy with him. Yet, when he was goingaway, and Katusha stood with his aunts in the porch, and lookedafter him, her dark, slightly-squinting eyes filled with tears,he felt, after all, that he was leaving something beautiful,precious, something which would never reoccur. And he grew verysad. + +"Good-bye, Katusha," he said, looking across Sophia Ivanovna'scap as he was getting into the trap. "Thank you for everything." + +"Good-bye, Dmitri Ivanovitch," she said, with her pleasant,tender voice, keeping back the tears that filled her eyes--andran away into the hall, where she could cry in peace. + +CHAPTER XIII. + +LIFE IN THE ARMY. + +After that Nekhludoff did not see Katusha for more than threeyears. When he saw her again he had just been promoted to therank of officer and was going to join his regiment. On the way hecame to spend a few days with his aunts, being now a verydifferent young man from the one who had spent the summer withthem three years before. He then had been an honest, unselfishlad, ready to sacrifice himself for any good cause; now he wasdepraved and selfish, and thought only of his own enjoyment. ThenGod's world seemed a mystery which he tried enthusiastically andjoyfully to solve; now everything in life seemed clear andsimple, defined by the conditions of the life he was leading.Then he had felt the importance of, and had need of intercoursewith, nature, and with those who had lived and thought and feltbefore him--philosophers and poets. What he now considerednecessary and important were human institutions and intercoursewith his comrades. Then women seemed mysterious andcharming--charming by the very mystery that enveloped them; nowthe purpose of women, all women except those of his own familyand the wives of his friends, was a very definite one: women werethe best means towards an already experienced enjoyment. Thenmoney was not needed, and he did not require even one-third ofwhat his mother allowed him; but now this allowance of 1,500roubles a month did not suffice, and he had already had someunpleasant talks about it with his mother. + +Then he had looked on his spirit as the I; now it was his healthystrong animal I that he looked upon as himself. + +And all this terrible change had come about because he had ceasedto believe himself and had taken to believing others. This he haddone because it was too difficult to live believing one's self;believing one's self, one had to decide every question not infavour of one's own animal life, which is always seeking for easygratifications, but almost in every case against it. Believingothers there was nothing to decide; everything had been decidedalready, and decided always in favour of the animal I and againstthe spiritual. Nor was this all. Believing in his own self he wasalways exposing himself to the censure of those around him;believing others he had their approval. So, when Nekhludoff hadtalked of the serious matters of life, of God, truth, riches, andpoverty, all round him thought it out of place and even ratherfunny, and his mother and aunts called him, with kindly irony,notre cher philosophe. But when he read novels, told improperanecdotes, went to see funny vaudevilles in the French theatreand gaily repeated the jokes, everybody admired and encouragedhim. When he considered it right to limit his needs, wore an oldovercoat, took no wine, everybody thought it strange and lookedupon it as a kind of showing off; but when he spent large sums onhunting, or on furnishing a peculiar and luxurious study forhimself, everybody admired his taste and gave him expensivepresents to encourage his hobby. While he kept pure and meant toremain so till he married his friends prayed for his health, andeven his mother was not grieved but rather pleased when she foundout that he had become a real man and had gained over some Frenchwoman from his friend. (As to the episode with Katusha, theprincess could not without horror think that he might possiblyhave married her.) In the same way, when Nekhludoff came of age,and gave the small estate he had inherited from his father to thepeasants because he considered the holding of private property inland wrong, this step filled his mother and relations with dismayand served as an excuse for making fun of him to all hisrelatives. He was continually told that these peasants, afterthey had received the land, got no richer, but, on the contrary,poorer, having opened three public-houses and left off doing anywork. But when Nekhludoff entered the Guards and spent andgambled away so much with his aristocratic companions that ElenaIvanovna, his mother, had to draw on her capital, she was hardlypained, considering it quite natural and even good that wild oatsshould be sown at an early age and in good company, as her sonwas doing. At first Nekhludoff struggled, but all that he hadconsidered good while he had faith in himself was considered badby others, and what he had considered evil was looked upon asgood by those among whom he lived, and the struggle grew toohard. And at last Nekhludoff gave in, i.e., left off believinghimself and began believing others. At first this giving up offaith in himself was unpleasant, but it did not long continue tobe so. At that time he acquired the habit of smoking, anddrinking wine, and soon got over this unpleasant feeling and evenfelt great relief. + +Nekhludoff, with his passionate nature, gave himself thoroughlyto the new way of life so approved of by all those around, and heentirely stifled the inner voice which demanded somethingdifferent. This began after he moved to St. Petersburg, andreached its highest point when he entered the army. + +Military life in general depraves men. It places them inconditions of complete idleness, i.e., absence of all usefulwork; frees them of their common human duties, which it replacesby merely conventional ones to the honour of the regiment, theuniform, the flag; and, while giving them on the one handabsolute power over other men, also puts them into conditions ofservile obedience to those of higher rank than themselves. + +But when, to the usual depraving influence of military servicewith its honours, uniforms, flags, its permitted violence andmurder, there is added the depraving influence of riches andnearness to and intercourse with members of the Imperial family,as is the case in the chosen regiment of the Guards in which allthe officers are rich and of good family, then this depravinginfluence creates in the men who succumb to it a perfect mania ofselfishness. And this mania of selfishness attacked Nekhludofffrom the moment he entered the army and began living in the wayhis companions lived. He had no occupation whatever except todress in a uniform, splendidly made and well brushed by otherpeople, and, with arms also made and cleaned and handed to him byothers, ride to reviews on a fine horse which had been bred,broken in and fed by others. There, with other men like himself,he had to wave a sword, shoot off guns, and teach others to dothe same. He had no other work, and the highly-placed persons,young and old, the Tsar and those near him, not only sanctionedhis occupation but praised and thanked him for it. + +After this was done, it was thought important to eat, andparticularly to drink, in officers' clubs or the salons of thebest restaurants, squandering large sums of money, which camefrom some invisible source; then theatres, ballets, women, thenagain riding on horseback, waving of swords and shooting, andagain the squandering of money, the wine, cards, and women. Thiskind of life acts on military men even more depravingly than onothers, because if any other than a military man lead such a lifehe cannot help being ashamed of it in the depth of his heart. Amilitary man is, on the contrary, proud of a life of this kindespecially at war time, and Nekhludoff had entered the army justafter war with the Turks had been declared. "We are prepared tosacrifice our lives at the wars, and therefore a gay, recklesslife is not only pardonable, but absolutely necessary for us, andso we lead it." + +Such were Nekhludoff's confused thoughts at this period of hisexistence, and he felt all the time the delight of being free ofthe moral barriers he had formerly set himself. And the state helived in was that of a chronic mania of selfishness. He was inthis state when, after three years' absence, he came again tovisit his aunts. + +CHAPTER XIV. + +THE SECOND MEETING WITH MASLOVA. + +Nekhludoff went to visit his aunts because their estate lay nearthe road he had to travel in order to join his regiment, whichhad gone forward, because they had very warmly asked him to come,and especially because he wanted to see Katusha. Perhaps in hisheart he had already formed those evil designs against Katushawhich his now uncontrolled animal self suggested to him, but hedid not acknowledge this as his intention, but only wished to goback to the spot where he had been so happy, to see his ratherfunny, but dear, kind-hearted old aunts, who always, without hisnoticing it, surrounded him with an atmosphere of love andadmiration, and to see sweet Katusha, of whom he had retained sopleasant a memory. + +He arrived at the end of March, on Good Friday, after the thawhad set in. It was pouring with rain so that he had not a drythread on him and was feeling very cold, but yet vigorous andfull of spirits, as always at that time. "Is she still withthem?" he thought, as he drove into the familiar, old-fashionedcourtyard, surrounded by a low brick wall, and now filled withsnow off the roofs. + +He expected she would come out when she heard the sledge bellsbut she did not. Two bare-footed women with pails and tucked-upskirts, who had evidently been scrubbing the floors, came out ofthe side door. She was not at the front door either, and onlyTikhon, the man-servant, with his apron on, evidently also busycleaning, came out into the front porch. His aunt Sophia Ivanovnaalone met him in the ante-room; she had a silk dress on and a capon her head. Both aunts had been to church and had receivedcommunion. + +"Well, this is nice of you to come," said Sophia Ivanovna,kissing him. "Mary is not well, got tired in church; we have beento communion." + +"I congratulate you, Aunt Sophia," [it is usual in Russia tocongratulate those who have received communion] said Nekhludoff,kissing Sophia Ivanovna's hand. "Oh, I beg your pardon, I havemade you wet." + +"Go to your room--why you are soaking wet. Dear me, you have gotmoustaches! . . . Katusha! Katusha! Get him some coffee; bequick." + +"Directly," came the sound of a well-known, pleasant voice fromthe passage, and Nekhludoff's heart cried out "She's here!" andit was as if the sun had come out from behind the clouds. + +Nekhludoff, followed by Tikhon, went gaily to his old room tochange his things. He felt inclined to ask Tikhon about Katusha;how she was, what she was doing, was she not going to be married?But Tikhon was so respectful and at the same time so severe,insisted so firmly on pouring the water out of the jug for him,that Nekhludoff could not make up his mind to ask him aboutKatusha, but only inquired about Tikhon's grandsons, about theold so-called "brother's" horse, and about the dog Polkan. Allwere alive except Polkan, who had gone mad the summer before. + +When he had taken off all his wet things and just begun to dressagain, Nekhludoff heard quick, familiar footsteps and a knock atthe door. Nekhludoff knew the steps and also the knock. No onebut she walked and knocked like that. + +Having thrown his wet greatcoat over his shoulders, he opened thedoor. + +"Come in." It was she, Katusha, the same, only sweeter thanbefore. The slightly squinting naive black eyes looked up in thesame old way. Now as then, she had on a white apron. She broughthim from his aunts a piece of scented soap, with the wrapper justtaken off, and two towels--one a long Russian embroidered one,the other a bath towel. The unused soap with the stampedinscription, the towels, and her own self, all were equallyclean, fresh, undefiled and pleasant. The irrepressible smile ofjoy at the sight of him made the sweet, firm lips pucker up as ofold. + +"How do you do, Dmitri Ivanovitch?" she uttered with difficulty,her face suffused with a rosy blush. + +"Good-morning! How do you do?" he said, also blushing. "Alive andwell?" + +Yes, the Lord be thanked. And here is your favorite pink soap andtowels from your aunts," she said, putting the soap on the tableand hanging the towels over the back of a chair. + +"There is everything here," said Tikhon, defending the visitor'sindependence, and pointing to Nekhludoff's open dressing casefilled with brushes, perfume, fixatoire, a great many bottleswith silver lids and all sorts of toilet appliances. + +"Thank my aunts, please. Oh, how glad I am to be here," saidNekhludoff, his heart filling with light and tenderness as ofold. + +She only smiled in answer to these words, and went out. Theaunts, who had always loved Nekhludoff, welcomed him this timemore warmly than ever. Dmitri was going to the war, where hemight be wounded or killed, and this touched the old aunts.Nekhludoff had arranged to stay only a day and night with hisaunts, but when he had seen Katusha he agreed to stay over Easterwith them and telegraphed to his friend Schonbock, whom he was tohave joined in Odessa, that he should come and meet him at hisaunts' instead. + +As soon as he had seen Katusha Nekhludoff's old feelings towardher awoke again. Now, just as then, he could not see her whiteapron without getting excited; he could not listen to her steps,her voice, her laugh, without a feeling of joy; he could not lookat her eyes, black as sloes, without a feeling of tenderness,especially when she smiled; and, above all, he could not noticewithout agitation how she blushed when they met. He felt he wasin love, but not as before, when this love was a kind of mysteryto him and he would not own, even to himself, that he loved, andwhen he was persuaded that one could love only once; now he knewhe was in love and was glad of it, and knew dimly what this loveconsisted of and what it might lead to, though he sought toconceal it even from himself. In Nekhludoff, as in every man,there were two beings: one the spiritual, seeking only that kindof happiness for him self which should tend towards the happinessof all; the other, the animal man, seeking only his ownhappiness, and ready to sacrifice to it the happiness of the restof the world. At this period of his mania of self-love brought onby life in Petersburg and in the army, this animal man ruledsupreme and completely crushed the spiritual man in him. + +But when he saw Katusha and experienced the same feelings as hehad had three years before, the spiritual man in him raised itshead once more and began to assert its rights. And up to Easter,during two whole days, an unconscious, ceaseless inner strugglewent on in him. + +He knew in the depths of his soul that he ought to go away, thatthere was no real reason for staying on with his aunts, knew thatno good could come of it; and yet it was so pleasant, sodelightful, that he did not honestly acknowledge the facts tohimself and stayed on. On Easter eve, the priest and the deaconwho came to the house to say mass had had (so they said) thegreatest difficulty in getting over the three miles that laybetween the church and the old ladies' house, coming across thepuddles and the bare earth in a sledge. + +Nekhludoff attended the mass with his aunts and the servants, andkept looking at Katusha, who was near the door and brought in thecensers for the priests. Then having given the priests and hisaunts the Easter kiss, though it was not midnight and thereforenot Easter yet, he was already going to bed when he heard the oldservant Matrona Pavlovna preparing to go to the church to get thekoulitch and paski [Easter cakes] blest after the midnightservice. "I shall go too," he thought. + +The road to the church was impassable either in a sledge or onwheels, so Nekhludoff, who behaved in his aunts' house just as hedid at home, ordered the old horse, "the brother's horse," to besaddled, and instead of going to bed he put on his gay uniform, apair of tight-fitting riding breeches and his overcoat, and goton the old over-fed and heavy horse, which neighed continuallyall the way as he rode in the dark through the puddles and snowto the church. + +CHAPTER XV. + +THE EARLY MASS. + +For Nekhludoff this early mass remained for ever after one of thebrightest and most vivid memories of his life. When he rode outof the darkness, broken only here and there by patches of whitesnow, into the churchyard illuminated by a row of lamps aroundthe church, the service had already begun. + +The peasants, recognising Mary Ivanovna's nephew, led his horse,which was pricking up its cars at the sight of the lights, to adry place where he could get off, put it up for him, and showedhim into the church, which was full of people. On the right stoodthe peasants; the old men in home-spun coats, and clean whitelinen bands [long strips of linen are worn by the peasants insteadof stockings] wrapped round their legs, the young men in newcloth coats, bright-coloured belts round their waists, andtop-boots. + +On the left stood the women, with red silk kerchiefs on theirheads, black velveteen sleeveless jackets, bright redshirt-sleeves, gay-coloured green, blue, and red skirts, andthick leather boots. The old women, dressed more quietly, stoodbehind them, with white kerchiefs, homespun coats, old-fashionedskirts of dark home-spun material, and shoes on their feet.Gaily-dressed children, their hair well oiled, went in and outamong them. + +The men, making the sign of the cross, bowed down and raisedtheir heads again, shaking back their hair. + +The women, especially the old ones, fixed their eyes on an iconsurrounded with candies and made the sign of the cross, firmlypressing their folded fingers to the kerchief on their foreheads,to their shoulders, and their stomachs, and, whisperingsomething, stooped or knelt down. The children, imitating thegrown-up people, prayed earnestly when they knew that they werebeing observed. The gilt case containing the icon glittered,illuminated on all sides by tall candles ornamented with goldenspirals. The candelabra was filled with tapers, and from thechoir sounded most merry tunes sung by amateur choristers, withbellowing bass and shrill boys' voices among them. + +Nekhludoff passed up to the front. In the middle of the churchstood the aristocracy of the place: a landed proprietor, with hiswife and son (the latter dressed in a sailor's suit), the policeofficer, the telegraph clerk, a tradesman in top-boots, and thevillage elder, with a medal on his breast; and to the right ofthe ambo, just behind the landed proprietor's wife, stood MatronaPavlovna in a lilac dress and fringed shawl and Katusha in awhite dress with a tucked bodice, blue sash, and red bow in herblack hair. + +Everything seemed festive, solemn, bright, and beautiful: thepriest in his silver cloth vestments with gold crosses; thedeacon, the clerk and chanter in their silver and gold surplices;the amateur choristers in their best clothes, with theirwell-oiled hair; the merry tunes of the holiday hymns thatsounded like dance music; and the continual blessing of thepeople by the priests, who held candles decorated with flowers,and repeated the cry of "Christ is risen!" "Christ is risen!" Allwas beautiful; but, above all, Katusha, in her white dress, bluesash, and the red bow on her black head, her eyes beaming withrapture. + +Nekhludoff knew that she felt his presence without looking athim. He noticed this as he passed her, walking up to the altar.He had nothing to tell her, but he invented something to say andwhispered as he passed her: "Aunt told me that she would breakher fast after the late mass." The young blood rushed up toKatusha's sweet face, as it always did when she looked at him.The black eyes, laughing and full of joy, gazed naively up andremained fixed on Nekhludoff. + +"I know," she said, with a smile. + +At this moment the clerk was going out with a copper coffee-pot[coffee-pots are often used for holding holy water in Russia] ofholy water in his hand, and, not noticing Katusha, brushed herwith his surplice. Evidently he brushed against Katusha throughwishing to pass Nekhludoff at a respectful distance, andNekhludoff was surprised that he, the clerk, did not understandthat everything here, yes, and in all the world, only existed forKatusha, and that everything else might remain unheeded, only notshe, because she was the centre of all. For her the goldglittered round the icons; for her all these candles incandelabra and candlesticks were alight; for her were sung thesejoyful hymns, "Behold the Passover of the Lord" "Rejoice, O yepeople!" All--all that was good in the world was for her. And itseemed to him that Katusha was aware that it was all for her whenhe looked at her well-shaped figure, the tucked white dress, thewrapt, joyous expression of her face, by which he knew that justexactly the same that was singing in his own soul was alsosinging in hers. + +In the interval between the early and the late mass Nekhludoffleft the church. The people stood aside to let him pass, andbowed. Some knew him; others asked who he was. + +He stopped on the steps. The beggars standing there cameclamouring round him, and he gave them all the change he had inhis purse and went down. It was dawning, but the sun had not yetrisen. The people grouped round the graves in the churchyard.Katusha had remained inside. Nekhludoff stood waiting for her. + +The people continued coming out, clattering with their nailedboots on the stone steps and dispersing over the churchyard. Avery old man with shaking head, his aunts' cook, stoppedNekhludoff in order to give him the Easter kiss, his old wifetook an egg, dyed yellow, out of her handkerchief and gave it toNekhludoff, and a smiling young peasant in a new coat and greenbelt also came up. + +"Christ is risen," he said, with laughing eyes, and coming closeto Nekhludoff he enveloped him in his peculiar but pleasantpeasant smell, and, tickling him with his curly beard, kissed himthree times straight on the mouth with his firm, fresh lips. + +While the peasant was kissing Nekhludoff and giving him a darkbrown egg, the lilac dress of Matrona Pavlovna and the dear blackhead with the red bow appeared. + +Katusha caught sight of him over the heads of those in front ofher, and he saw how her face brightened up. + +She had come out with Matrona Pavlovna on to the porch, andstopped there distributing alms to the beggars. A beggar with ared scab in place of a nose came up to Katusha. She gave himsomething, drew nearer him, and, evincing no sign of disgust, buther eyes still shining with joy, kissed him three times. Andwhile she was doing this her eyes met Nekhludoff's with a look asif she were asking, "Is this that I am doing right?" "Yes, dear,yes, it is right; everything is right, everything is beautiful. Ilove!" + +They came down the steps of the porch, and he came up to them. + +He did not mean to give them the Easter kiss, but only to benearer to her. Matrona Pavlovna bowed her head, and said with asmile, "Christ is risen!" and her tone implied, "To-day we areall equal." She wiped her mouth with her handkerchief rolled intoa ball and stretched her lips towards him. + +"He is, indeed," answered Nekhludoff, kissing her. Then he lookedat Katusha; she blushed, and drew nearer. "Christ is risen,Dmitri Ivanovitch." "He is risen, indeed," answered Nekhludoff,and they kissed twice, then paused as if considering whether athird kiss were necessary, and, having decided that it was,kissed a third time and smiled. + +"You are going to the priests?" asked Nekhludoff. + +"No, we shall sit out here a bit, Dmitri Ivanovitch," saidKatusha with effort, as if she had accomplished some joyous task,and, her whole chest heaving with a deep sigh, she lookedstraight in his face with a look of devotion, virgin purity, andlove, in her very slightly squinting eyes. + +In the love between a man and a woman there always comes a momentwhen this love has reached its zenith--a moment when it isunconscious, unreasoning, and with nothing sensual about it. Sucha moment had come for Nekhludoff on that Easter eve. When hebrought Katusha back to his mind, now, this moment veiled allelse; the smooth glossy black head, the white tucked dressclosely fitting her graceful maidenly form, her, as yet,un-developed bosom, the blushing cheeks, the tender shining blackeyes with their slight squint heightened by the sleepless night,and her whole being stamped with those two marked features,purity and chaste love, love not only for him (he knew that), butfor everybody and everything, not for the good alone, but for allthat is in the world, even for that beggar whom she had kissed. + +He knew she had that love in her because on that night andmorning he was conscious of it in himself, and conscious that inthis love he became one with her. Ah! if it had all stoppedthere, at the point it had reached that night. "Yes, all thathorrible business had not yet happened on that Easter eve!" hethought, as he sat by the window of the jurymen's room. + +CHAPTER XVI. + +THE FIRST STEP. + +When he returned from church Nekhludoff broke the fast with hisaunts and took a glass of spirits and some wine, having got intothat habit while with his regiment, and when he reached his roomfell asleep at once, dressed as he was. He was awakened by aknock at the door. He knew it was her knock, and got up, rubbinghis eyes and stretching himself. + +"Katusha, is it you? Come in," said he. + +She opened the door. + +"Dinner is ready," she said. She still had on the same whitedress, but not the bow in her hair. She looked at him with asmile, as if she had communicated some very good news to him. + +"I am coming," he answered, as he rose, taking his comb toarrange his hair. + +She stood still for a minute, and he, noticing it, threw down hiscomb and made a step towards her, but at that very moment sheturned suddenly and went with quick light steps along the stripof carpet in the middle of the passage. + +"Dear me, what a fool I am," thought Nekhludoff. "Why did I notstop her?" What he wanted her for he did not know himself, but hefelt that when she came into his room something should have beendone, something that is generally done on such occasions, andthat he had left it undone. + +"Katusha, wait," he said. + +"What do you want?" she said, stopping. + +"Nothing, only--" and, with an effort, remembering how men in hisposition generally behave, he put his arm round her waist. + +She stood still and looked into his eyes. + +"Don't, Dmitri Ivanovitch, you must not," she said, blushing totears and pushing away his arm with her strong hard hand.Nekhludoff let her go, and for a moment he felt not only confusedand ashamed but disgusted with himself. He should now havebelieved himself, and then he would have known that thisconfusion and shame were caused by the best feelings of his souldemanding to be set free; but he thought it was only hisstupidity and that he ought to behave as every one else did. Hecaught her up and kissed her on the neck. + +This kiss was very different from that first thoughtless kissbehind the lilac bush, and very different to the kiss thismorning in the churchyard. This was a dreadful kiss, and she feltit. + +"Oh, what are you doing?" she cried, in a tone as if he hadirreparably broken something of priceless value, and ran quicklyaway. + +He came into the dining-room. His aunts, elegantly dressed, theirfamily doctor, and a neighbour were already there. Everythingseemed so very ordinary, but in Nekhludoff a storm was raging. Heunderstood nothing of what was being said and gave wrong answers,thinking only of Katusha. The sound of her steps in the passagebrought back the thrill of that last kiss and he could think ofnothing else. When she came into the room he, without lookinground, felt her presence with his whole being and had to forcehimself not to look at her. + +After dinner he at once went into his bedroom and for a long timewalked up and down in great excitement, listening to every soundin the house and expecting to hear her steps. The animal maninside him had now not only lifted its head, but had succeeded intrampling under foot the spiritual man of the days of his firstvisit, and even of that every morning. That dreadful animal manalone now ruled over him. + +Though he was watching for her all day he could not manage tomeet her alone. She was probably trying to evade him. In theevening, however, she was obliged to go into the room next tohis. The doctor had been asked to stay the night, and she had tomake his bed. When he heard her go in Nekhludoff followed her,treading softly and holding his breath as if he were going tocommit a crime. + +She was putting a clean pillow-case on the pillow, holding it bytwo of its corners with her arms inside the pillow-case. Sheturned round and smiled, not a happy, joyful smile as before, butin a frightened, piteous way. The smile seemed to tell him thatwhat he was doing was wrong. He stopped for a moment. There wasstill the possibility of a struggle. The voice of his real lovefor her, though feebly, was still speaking of her, her feelings,her life. Another voice was saying, "Take care I don't let theopportunity for your own happiness, your own enjoyment, slip by!"And this second voice completely stifled the first. He went up toher with determination and a terrible, ungovernable animalpassion took possession of him. + +With his arm round he made her sit down on the bed; and feelingthat there was something more to be done he sat down beside her. + +"Dmitri Ivanovitch, dear! please let me go," she said, with apiteous voice. "Matrona Pavlovna is coming," she cried, tearingherself away. Some one was really coming to the door. + +"Well, then, I'll come to you in the night," he whispered."You'll be alone?" + +"What are you thinking of? On no account. No, no!" she said, butonly with her lips; the tremulous confusion of her whole beingsaid something very different. + +It was Matrona Pavlovna who had come to the door. She came inwith a. blanket over her arm, looked reproachfully at Nekhludoff,and began scolding Katusha for having taken the wrong blanket. + +Nekhludoff went out in silence, but he did not even feel ashamed.He could see by Matrona Pavlovna's face that she was blaming him,he knew that she was blaming him with reason and felt that he wasdoing wrong, but this novel, low animal excitement, having freeditself of all the old feelings of real love for Katusha, ruledsupreme, leaving room for nothing else. He went about as ifdemented all the evening, now into his aunts', then back into hisown room, then out into the porch, thinking all the time how hecould meet her alone; but she avoided him, and Matrona Pavlovnawatched her closely. + +CHAPTER XVII. + +NEKHLUDOFF AND KATUSHA. + +AND so the evening passed and night came. The doctor went to bed.Nekhludoff's aunts had also retired, and he knew that MatronaPavlovna was now with them in their bedroom so that Katusha wassure to be alone in the maids' sitting-room. He again went outinto the porch. It was dark, damp and warm out of doors, and thatwhite spring mist which drives away the last snow, or is diffusedby the thawing of the last snow, filled the air. From the riverunder the hill, about a hundred steps from the front door, came astrange sound. It was the ice breaking. Nekhludoff came down thesteps and went up to the window of the maids' room, stepping overthe puddles on the bits of glazed snow. His heart was beating sofiercely in his breast that he seemed to hear it, his labouredbreath came and went in a burst of long-drawn sighs. In themaids' room a small lamp was burning, and Katusha sat alone bythe table, looking thoughtfully in front of her. Nekhludoff stooda long time without moving and waited to see what she, notknowing that she was observed, would do. For a minute or two shedid not move; then she lifted her eyes, smiled and shook her headas if chiding herself, then changed her pose and dropped both herarms on the table and again began gazing down in front of her. Hestood and looked at her, involuntarily listening to the beatingof his own heart and the strange sounds from the river. There onthe river, beneath the white mist, the unceasing labour went on,and sounds as of something sobbing, cracking, dropping, beingshattered to pieces mixed with the tinkling of the thin bits ofice as they broke against each other like glass. + +There he stood, looking at Katusha's serious, suffering face,which betrayed the inner struggle of her soul, and he felt pityfor her; but, strange though it may seem, this pity onlyconfirmed him in his evil intention. + +He knocked at the window. She started as if she had received anelectric shock, her whole body trembled, and a look of horrorcame into her face. Then she jumped up, approached the window andbrought her face up to the pane. The look of terror did not leaveher face even when, holding her hands up to her eyes likeblinkers and peering through the glass, she recognised him. Herface was unusually grave; he had never seen it so before. Shereturned his smile, but only in submission to him; there was nosmile in her soul, only fear. He beckoned her with his hand tocome out into the yard to him. But she shook her head andremained by the window. He brought his face close to the pane andwas going to call out to her, but at that moment she turned tothe door; evidently some one inside had called her. Nekhludoffmoved away from the window. The fog was so dense that five stepsfrom the house the windows could not be seen, but the light fromthe lamp shone red and huge out of a shapeless black mass. And onthe river the same strange sounds went on, sobbing and rustlingand cracking and tinkling. Somewhere in the fog, not far off, acock crowed; another answered, and then others, far in thevillage took up the cry till the sound of the crowing blendedinto one, while all around was silent excepting the river. It wasthe second time the cocks crowed that night. + +Nekhludoff walked up and down behind the corner of the house, andonce or twice got into a puddle. Then again came up to thewindow. The lamp was still burning, and she was again sittingalone by the table as if uncertain what to do. He had hardlyapproached the window when she looked up. He knocked. Withoutlooking who it was she at once ran out of the room, and he heardthe outside door open with a snap. He waited for her near theside porch and put his arms round her without saying a word. Sheclung to him, put up her face, and met his kiss with her lips.Then the door again gave the same sort of snap and opened, andthe voice of Matrona Pavlovna called out angrily, "Katusha!" + +She tore herself away from him and returned into the maids' room.He heard the latch click, and then all was quiet. The red lightdisappeared and only the mist remained, and the bustle on theriver went on. Nekhludoff went up to the window, nobody was to beseen; he knocked, but got no answer. He went back into the houseby the front door, but could not sleep. He got up and went withbare feet along the passage to her door, next Matrona Pavlovna'sroom. He heard Matrona Pavlovna snoring quietly, and was about togo on when she coughed and turned on her creaking bed, and hisheart fell, and he stood immovable for about five minutes. Whenall was quiet and she began to snore peacefully again, he wenton, trying to step on the boards that did not creak, and came toKatusha's door. There was no sound to be heard. She was probablyawake, or else he would have heard her breathing. But as soon ashe had whispered "Katusha" she jumped up and began to persuadehim, as if angrily, to go away. + +"Open! Let me in just for a moment! I implore you! He hardly knewwhat he was saying. + +* * * * * * * + +When she left him, trembling and silent, giving no answer to hiswords, he again went out into the porch and stood trying tounderstand the meaning of what had happened. + +It was getting lighter. From the river below the creaking andtinkling and sobbing of the breaking ice came still louder and agurgling sound could now also be heard. The mist had begun tosink, and from above it the waning moon dimly lighted upsomething black and weird. + +"What was the meaning of it all? Was it a great joy or a greatmisfortune that had befallen him?" he asked himself. + +CHAPTER XVIII. + +AFTERWARDS. + +The next day the gay, handsome, and brilliant Schonbock joinedNekhludoff at his aunts' house, and quite won their hearts by hisrefined and amiable manner, his high spirits, his generosity, andhis affection for Dmitri. + +But though the old ladies admired his generosity it ratherperplexed them, for it seemed exaggerated. He gave a rouble tosome blind beggars who came to the gate, gave 15 roubles in tipsto the servants, and when Sophia Ivanovna's pet dog hurt his pawand it bled, he tore his hemstitched cambric handkerchief intostrips (Sophia Ivanovna knew that such handkerchiefs cost atleast 15 roubles a dozen) and bandaged the dog's foot. The oldladies had never met people of this kind, and did not know thatSchonbock owed 200,000 roubles which he was never going to pay,and that therefore 25 roubles more or less did not matter a bitto him. Schonbock stayed only one day, and he and Nekhludoffboth, left at night. They could not stay away from their regimentany longer, for their leave was fully up. + +At the stage which Nekhludoff's selfish mania had now reached hecould think of nothing but himself. He was wondering whether hisconduct, if found out, would be blamed much or at all, but he didnot consider what Katusha was now going through, and what wasgoing to happen to her. + +He saw that Schonbock guessed his relations to her and thisflattered his vanity. + +"Ah, I see how it is you have taken such a sudden fancy to youraunts that you have been living nearly a week with them,"Schonbock remarked when he had seen Katusha. "Well, I don'twonder--should have done the same. She's charming." Nekhludoffwas also thinking that though it was a pity to go away beforehaving fully gratified the cravings of his love for her, yet theabsolute necessity of parting had its advantages because it put asudden stop to relations it would have been very difficult forhim to continue. Then he thought that he ought to give her somemoney, not for her, not because she might need it, but because itwas the thing to do. + +So he gave her what seemed to him a liberal amount, consideringhis and her station. On the day of his departure, after dinner,he went out and waited for her at the side entrance. She flushedup when she saw him and wished to pass by, directing hisattention to the open door of the maids' room by a look, but hestopped her. + +"I have come to say good-bye," he said, crumbling in his hand anenvelope with a 100-rouble note inside. "There, I" . . . + +She guessed what he meant, knit her brows, and shaking her headpushed his hand away. + +"Take it; oh, you must!" he stammered, and thrust the envelopeinto the bib of her apron and ran back to his room, groaning andfrowning as if he had hurt himself. And for a long time he wentup and down writhing as in pain, and even stamping and groaningaloud as he thought of this last scene. "But what else could Ihave done? Is it not what happens to every one? And if every onedoes the same . . . well I suppose it can't be helped." In thisway he tried to get peace of mind, but in vain. The recollectionof what had passed burned his conscience. In his soul--in thevery depths of his soul--he knew that he had acted in a base,cruel, cowardly manner, and that the knowledge of this act of hismust prevent him, not only from finding fault with any one else,but even from looking straight into other people's eyes; not tomention the impossibility of considering himself a splendid,noble, high-minded fellow, as he did and had to do to go onliving his life boldly and merrily. There was only one solutionof the problem--i.e., not to think about it. He succeeded in doingso. The life he was now entering upon, the new surroundings, newfriends, the war, all helped him to forget. And the longer helived, the less he thought about it, until at last he forgot itcompletely. + +Once only, when, after the war, he went to see his aunts in hopesof meeting Katusha, and heard that soon after his last visit shehad left, and that his aunts had heard she had been confinedsomewhere or other and had gone quite to the bad, his heartached. According to the time of her confinement, the child mightor might not have been his. His aunts said she had gone wrong,that she had inherited her mother's depraved nature, and he waspleased to hear this opinion of his aunts'. It seemed to acquithim. At first he thought of trying to find her and her child, butthen, just because in the depths of his soul he felt so ashamedand pained when thinking about her, he did not make the necessaryeffort to find her, but tried to forget his sin again and ceasedto think about it. And now this strange coincidence brought itall back to his memory, and demanded from him the acknowledgmentof the heartless, cruel cowardice which had made it possible forhim to live these nine years with such a sin on his conscience.But he was still far from such an acknowledgment, and his onlyfear was that everything might now be found out, and that she orher advocate might recount it all and put him to shame beforeevery one present. + +CHAPTER XIX. + +THE TRIAL--RESUMPTION. + +In this state of mind Nekhludoff left the Court and went into thejurymen's room. He sat by the window smoking all the while, andhearing what was being said around him. + +The merry merchant seemed with all his heart to sympathise withSmelkoff's way of spending his time. "There, old fellow, that wassomething like! Real Siberian fashion! He knew what he was about,no fear! That's the sort of wench for me." + +The foreman was stating his conviction, that in some way or otherthe expert's conclusions were the important thing. PeterGerasimovitch was joking about something with the Jewish clerk,and they burst out laughing. Nekhludoff answered all thequestions addressed to him in monosyllables and longed only to beleft in peace. + +When the usher, with his sideways gait, called the jury back tothe Court, Nekhludoff was seized with fear, as if he were notgoing to judge, but to be judged. In the depth of his soul hefelt that he was a scoundrel, who ought to be ashamed to lookpeople in the face, yet, by sheer force of habit, he stepped onto the platform in his usual self-possessed manner, and sat down,crossing his legs and playing with his pince-nez. + +The prisoners had also been led out, and were now brought inagain. There were some new faces in the Court witnesses, andNekhludoff noticed that Maslova could not take her eyes off avery fat woman who sat in the row in front of the grating, veryshowily dressed in silk and velvet, a high hat with a large bowon her head, and an elegant little reticule on her arm, which wasbare to the elbow. This was, as he subsequently found out, one ofthe witnesses, the mistress of the establishment to which Maslovahad belonged. + +The examination of the witnesses commenced: they were asked theirnames, religion, etc. Then, after some consultation as to whetherthe witnesses were to be sworn in or not, the old priest came inagain, dragging his legs with difficulty, and, again arrangingthe golden cross on his breast, swore the witnesses and theexpert in the same quiet manner, and with the same assurance thathe was doing something useful and important. + +The witnesses having been sworn, all but Kitaeva, the keeper ofthe house, were led out again. She was asked what she knew aboutthis affair. Kitaeva nodded her head and the big hat at everysentence and smiled affectedly. She gave a very full andintelligent account, speaking with a strong German accent. Firstof all, the hotel servant Simeon, whom she knew, came to herestablishment on behalf of a rich Siberian merchant, and she sentLubov back with him. After a time Lubov returned with themerchant. The merchant was already somewhat intoxicated--shesmiled as she said this--and went on drinking and treating thegirls. He was short of money. He sent this same Lubov to hislodgings. He had taken a "predilection" to her. She looked at theprisoner as she said this. + +Nekhludoff thought he saw Maslova smile here, and this seemeddisgusting to him. A strange, indefinite feeling of loathing,mingled with suffering, arose in him. + +"And what was your opinion of Maslova?" asked the blushing andconfused applicant for a judicial post, appointed to act asMaslova's advocate. + +"Zee ferry pesht," answered Kitaeva. "Zee yoong voman is etucatedand elecant. She was prought up in a coot family and can reatFrench. She tid have a trop too moch sometimes, put nefer forcotherself. A ferry coot girl." + +Katusha looked at the woman, then suddenly turned her eyes on thejury and fixed them on Nekhludoff, and her face grew serious andeven severe. One of her serious eyes squinted, and those twostrange eyes for some time gazed at Nekhludoff, who, in spite ofthe terrors that seized him, could not take his look off thesesquinting eyes, with their bright, clear whites. + +He thought of that dreadful night, with its mist, the icebreaking on the river below, and when the waning moon, with hornsturned upwards, that had risen towards morning, lit up somethingblack and weird. These two black eyes now looking at him remindedhim of this weird, black something. "She has recognised me," hethought, and Nekhludoff shrank as if expecting a blow. But shehad not recognised him. She sighed quietly and again looked atthe president. Nekhludoff also sighed. "Oh, if it would only geton quicker," he thought. + +He now felt the same loathing and pity and vexation as when, outshooting, he was obliged to kill a wounded bird. The wounded birdstruggles in the game bag. One is disgusted and yet feels pity,and one is in a hurry to kill the bird and forget it. + +Such mixed feelings filled Nekhludoff's breast as he satlistening to the examination of the witnesses. + +CHAPTER XX. + +THE TRIAL--THE MEDICAL REPORT. + +But, as if to spite him, the case dragged out to a great length.After each witness had been examined separately and the expertlast of all, and a great number of useless questions had beenput, with the usual air of importance, by the public prosecutorand by both advocates, the president invited the jury to examinethe objects offered as material evidence. They consisted of anenormous diamond ring, which had evidently been worn on the firstfinger, and a test tube in which the poison had been analysed.These things had seals and labels attached to them. + +Just as the witnesses were about to look at these things, thepublic prosecutor rose and demanded that before they did this theresults of the doctor's examination of the body should be read.The president, who was hurrying the business through as fast ashe could in order to visit his Swiss friend, though he knew thatthe reading of this paper could have no other effect than that ofproducing weariness and putting off the dinner hour, and that thepublic prosecutor wanted it read simply because he knew he had aright to demand it, had no option but to express his consent. + +The secretary got out the doctor's report and again began to readin his weary lisping voice, making no distinction between the"r's" and "l's." + +The external examination proved that: + +"1. Theropont Smelkoff's height was six feet five inches. + +"Not so bad, that. A very good size," whispered the merchant,with interest, into Nekhludoff's ear. + +2. He looked about 40 years of age. + +3. The body was of a swollen appearance. + +4. The flesh was of a greenish colour, with dark spots in severalplaces. + +5. The skin was raised in blisters of different sizes and inplaces had come off in large pieces. + +6. The hair was chestnut; it was thick, and separated easily fromthe skin when touched. + +7. The eye-balls protruded from their sockets and the cornea hadgrown dim. + +8. Out of the nostrils, both ears, and the mouth oozed serousliquid; the mouth was half open. + +9. The neck had almost disappeared, owing to the swelling of theface and chest." + +And so on and so on. + +Four pages were covered with the 27 paragraphs describing all thedetails of the external examination of the enormous, fat,swollen, and decomposing body of the merchant who had been makingmerry in the town. The indefinite loathing that Nekhludoff feltwas increased by the description of the corpse. Katusha's life,and the scrum oozing from the nostrils of the corpse, and theeyes that protruded out of their sockets, and his own treatmentof her--all seemed to belong to the same order of things, and hefelt surrounded and wholly absorbed by things of the same nature. + +When the reading of the report of the external examination wasended, the president heaved a sigh and raised his hand, hoping itwas finished; but the secretary at once went on to thedescription of the internal examination. The president's headagain dropped into his hand and he shut his eyes. The merchantnext to Nekhludoff could hardly keep awake, and now and then hisbody swayed to and fro. The prisoners and the gendarmes satperfectly quiet. + +The internal examination showed that: + +"1. The skin was easily detachable from the bones of the skull,and there was no coagulated blood. + +"2. The bones of the skull were of average thickness and in soundcondition. + +"3. On the membrane of the brain there were two discolouredspots about four inches long, the membrane itself being of a dullwhite." And so on for 13 paragraphs more. Then followed the namesand signatures of the assistants, and the doctor's conclusionshowing that the changes observed in the stomach, and to a lesserdegree in the bowels and kidneys, at the postmortem examination,and described in the official report, gave great probability tothe conclusion that Smelkoff's death was caused by poison whichhad entered his stomach mixed with alcohol. To decide from thestate of the stomach what poison had been introduced wasdifficult; but it was necessary to suppose that the poisonentered the stomach mixed with alcohol, since a great quantity ofthe latter was found in Smelkoff's stomach. + +"He could drink, and no mistake," again whispered the merchant,who had just waked up. + +The reading of this report had taken a full hour, but it had notsatisfied the public prosecutor, for, when it had been readthrough and the president turned to him, saying, "I suppose it issuperfluous to read the report of the examination of the internalorgans?" he answered in a severe tone, without looking at thepresident, "I shall ask to have it read." + +He raised himself a little, and showed by his manner that he hada right to have this report read, and would claim this right, andthat if that were not granted it would serve as a cause ofappeal. + +The member of the Court with the big beard, who suffered fromcatarrh of the stomach, feeling quite done up, turned to thepresident: + +"What is the use of reading all this? It is only dragging it out.These new brooms do not sweep clean; they only take a long whiledoing it." + +The member with the gold spectacles said nothing, but only lookedgloomily in front of him, expecting nothing good, either from hiswife or life in general. The reading of the report commenced. + +"In the year 188-, on February 15th, I, the undersigned,commissioned by the medical department, made an examination, No.638," the secretary began again with firmness and raising thepitch of his voice as if to dispel the sleepiness that hadovertaken all present, "in the presence of the assistant medicalinspector, of the internal organs: + +"1. The right lung and the heart (contained in a 6-lb. glassjar). + +"2. The contents of the stomach (in a 6-lb. glass jar). + +"3. The stomach itself (in a 6-lb. glass jar). + +"4. The liver, the spleen and the kidneys (in a 9-lb. glass jar). + +5. The intestines (in a 9-lb. earthenware jar)." + +The president here whispered to one of the members, then stoopedto the other, and having received their consent, he said: "TheCourt considers the reading of this report superfluous." Thesecretary stopped reading and folded the paper, and the publicprosecutor angrily began to write down something. "The gentlemenof the jury may now examine the articles of material evidence,"said the president. The foreman and several of the others roseand went to the table, not quite knowing what to do with theirhands. They looked in turn at the glass, the test tube, and thering. The merchant even tried on the ring. + +"Ah! that was a finger," he said, returning to his place; "like acucumber," he added. Evidently the image he had formed in hismind of the gigantic merchant amused him. + +CHAPTER XXI. + +THE TRIAL--THE PROSECUTOR AND THE ADVOCATES. + +When the examination of the articles of material evidence wasfinished, the president announced that the investigation was nowconcluded and immediately called on the prosecutor to proceed,hoping that as the latter was also a man, he, too, might feelinclined to smoke or dine, and show some mercy on the rest. Butthe public prosecutor showed mercy neither to himself nor to anyone else. He was very stupid by nature, but, besides this, he hadhad the misfortune of finishing school with a gold medal and ofreceiving a reward for his essay on "Servitude" when studyingRoman Law at the University, and was therefore self-confident andself-satisfied in the highest degree (his success with the ladiesalso conducing to this) and his stupidity had becomeextraordinary. + +When the word was given to him, he got up slowly, showing thewhole of his graceful figure in his embroidered uniform. Puttinghis hand on the desk he looked round the room, slightly bowinghis head, and, avoiding the eyes of the prisoners, began to readthe speech he had prepared while the reports were being read. + +"Gentlemen of the jury! The business that now lies before you is,if I may so express myself, very characteristic." + +The speech of a public prosecutor, according to his views, shouldalways have a social importance, like the celebrated speechesmade by the advocates who have become distinguished. True, theaudience consisted of three women--a semptress, a cook, andSimeon's sister--and a coachman; but this did not matter. Thecelebrities had begun in the same way. To be always at the heightof his position, i.e., to penetrate into the depths of thepsychological significance of crime and to discover the wounds ofsociety, was one of the prosecutor's principles. + +"You see before you, gentlemen of the jury, a crimecharacteristic, if I may so express myself, of the end of ourcentury; bearing, so to say, the specific features of that verypainful phenomenon, the corruption to which those elements of ourpresent-day society, which are, so to say, particularly exposedto the burning rays of this process, are subject." + +The public prosecutor spoke at great length, trying not to forgetany of the notions he had formed in his mind, and, on the otherhand, never to hesitate, and let his speech flow on for an hourand a quarter without a break. + +Only once he stopped and for some time stood swallowing hissaliva, but he soon mastered himself and made up for theinterruption by heightened eloquence. He spoke, now with atender, insinuating accent, stepping from foot to foot andlooking at the jury, now in quiet, business-like tones, glancinginto his notebook, then with a loud, accusing voice, looking fromthe audience to the advocates. But he avoided looking at theprisoners, who were all three fixedly gazing at him. Every newcraze then in vogue among his set was alluded to in his speech;everything that then was, and some things that still are,considered to be the last words of scientific wisdom: the laws ofheredity and inborn criminality, evolution and the struggle forexistence, hypnotism and hypnotic influence. + +According to his definition, the merchant Smelkoff was of thegenuine Russian type, and had perished in consequence of hisgenerous, trusting nature, having fallen into the hands of deeplydegraded individuals. + +Simeon Kartinkin was the atavistic production of serfdom, astupefied, ignorant, unprincipled man, who had not even anyreligion. Euphemia was his mistress, and a victim of heredity;all the signs of degeneration were noticeable in her. The chiefwire-puller in this affair was Maslova, presenting the phenomenonof decadence in its lowest form. "This woman," he said, lookingat her, "has, as we have to-day heard from her mistress in thiscourt, received an education; she cannot only read and write, butshe knows French; she is illegitimate, and probably carries inher the germs of criminality. She was educated in an enlightened,noble family and might have lived by honest work, but she desertsher benefactress, gives herself up to a life of shame in whichshe is distinguished from her companions by her education, andchiefly, gentlemen of the jury, as you have heard from hermistress, by her power of acting on the visitors by means of thatmysterious capacity lately investigated by science, especially bythe school of Charcot, known by the name of hypnotic influence.By these means she gets hold of this Russian, this kind-heartedSadko, [Sadko, the hero of a legend] the rich guest, and uses histrust in order first to rob and then pitilessly to murder him." + +"Well, he is piling it on now, isn't he?" said the president witha smile, bending towards the serious member. + +"A fearful blockhead!" said the serious member. + +Meanwhile the public prosecutor went on with his speech."Gentlemen of the jury," gracefully swaying his body, "the fateof society is to a certain extent in your power. Your verdictwill influence it. Grasp the full meaning of this crime, thedanger that awaits society from those whom I may perhaps bepermitted to call pathological individuals, such as Maslova.Guard it from infection; guard the innocent and strong elementsof society from contagion or even destruction." + +And as if himself overcome by the significance of the expectedverdict, the public prosecutor sank into his chair, highlydelighted with his speech. + +The sense of the speech, when divested of all its flowers ofrhetoric, was that Maslova, having gained the merchant'sconfidence, hypnotised him and went to his lodgings with his keymeaning to take all the money herself, but having been caught inthe act by Simeon and Euphemia had to share it with them. Then,in order to hide the traces of the crime, she had returned to thelodgings with the merchant and there poisoned him. + +After the prosecutor had spoken, a middle-aged man inswallow-tail coat and low-cut waistcoat showing a largehalf-circle of starched white shirt, rose from the advocates'bench and made a speech in defence of Kartinkin and Botchkova;this was an advocate engaged by them for 300 roubles. Heacquitted them both and put all the blame on Maslova. He deniedthe truth of Maslova's statements that Botchkova and Kartinkinwere with her when she took the money, laying great stress on thepoint that her evidence could not be accepted, she being chargedwith poisoning. "The 2,500 roubles," the advocate said, "couldhave been easily earned by two honest people getting from threeto five roubles per day in tips from the lodgers. The merchant'smoney was stolen by Maslova and given away, or even lost, as shewas not in a normal state." + +The poisoning was committed by Maslova alone; therefore he beggedthe jury to acquit Kartinkin and Botchkova of stealing the money;or if they could not acquit them of the theft, at least to admitthat it was done without any participation in the poisoning. + +In conclusion the advocate remarked, with a thrust at the publicprosecutor, that "the brilliant observations of that gentleman onheredity, while explaining scientific facts concerning heredity,were inapplicable in this case, as Botchkova was of unknownparentage." The public prosecutor put something down on paperwith an angry look, and shrugged his shoulders in contemptuoussurprise. + +Then Maslova's advocate rose, and timidly and hesitatingly beganhis speech in her defence. + +Without denying that she had taken part in the stealing of themoney, he insisted on the fact that she had no intention ofpoisoning Smelkoff, but had given him the powder only to make himfall asleep. He tried to go in for a little eloquence in giving adescription of how Maslova was led into a life of debauchery by aman who had remained unpunished while she had to bear all theweight of her fall; but this excursion into the domain ofpsychology was so unsuccessful that it made everybody feeluncomfortable. When he muttered something about men's cruelty andwomen's helplessness, the president tried to help him by askinghim to keep closer to the facts of the case. When he had finishedthe public prosecutor got up to reply. He defended his positionagainst the first advocate, saying that oven if Botchkova was ofunknown parentage the truth of the doctrine of heredity wasthereby in no way invalidated, since the laws of heredity were sofar proved by science that we can not only deduce the crime fromheredity, but heredity from the crime. As to the statement madein defence of Maslova, that she was the victim of an imaginary(he laid a particularly venomous stress on the word imaginary)betrayer, he could only say that from the evidence before them itwas much more likely that she had played the part of temptress tomany and many a victim who had fallen into her hands. Having saidthis he sat down in triumph. Then the prisoners were offeredpermission to speak in their own defence. + +Euphemia Botchkova repeated once more that she knew nothing aboutit and had taken part in nothing, and firmly laid the whole blameon Maslova. Simeon Kartinkin only repeated several times: "It isyour business, but I am innocent; it's unjust." Maslova saidnothing in her defence. Told she might do so by the president,she only lifted her eyes to him, cast a look round the room likea hunted animal, and, dropping her head, began to cry, sobbingaloud. + +"What is the matter?" the merchant asked Nekhludoff, hearing himutter a strange sound. This was the sound of weeping fiercelykept back. Nekhludoff had not yet understood the significance ofhis present position, and attributed the sobs he could hardlykeep back and the tears that filled his eyes to the weakness ofhis nerves. He put on his pince-nez in order to hide the tears,then got out his handkerchief and began blowing his nose. + +Fear of the disgrace that would befall him if every one in thecourt knew of his conduct stifled the inner working of his soul.This fear was, during this first period, stronger than all else. + +CHAPTER XXII. + +THE TRIAL--THE SUMMING UP. + +After the last words of the prisoners had been heard, the form inwhich the questions were to be put to the jury was settled, whichalso took some time. At last the questions were formulated, andthe president began the summing up. + +Before putting the case to the jury, he spoke to them for sometime in a pleasant, homely manner, explaining that burglary wasburglary and theft was theft, and that stealing from a placewhich was under lock and key was stealing from a place under lockand key. While he was explaining this, he looked several times atNekhludoff as if wishing to impress upon him these importantfacts, in hopes that, having understood it, Nekhludoff would makehis fellow-jurymen also understand it. When he considered thatthe jury were sufficiently imbued with these facts, he proceededto enunciate another truth--namely, that a murder is an actionwhich has the death of a human being as its consequence, and thatpoisoning could therefore also be termed murder. When, accordingto his opinion, this truth had also been received by the jury, hewent on to explain that if theft and murder had been committed atthe same time, the combination of the crimes was theft withmurder. + +Although he was himself anxious to finish as soon as possible,although he knew that his Swiss friend would be waiting for him,he had grown so used to his occupation that, having begun tospeak, he could not stop himself, and therefore he went on toimpress on the jury with much detail that if they found theprisoners guilty, they would have the right to give a verdict ofguilty; and if they found them not guilty, to give a verdict ofnot guilty; and if they found them guilty of one of the crimesand not of the other, they might give a verdict of guilty on theone count and of not guilty on the other. Then he explained thatthough this right was given them they should use it with reason. + +He was going to add that if they gave an affirmative answer toany question that was put to them they would thereby affirmeverything included in the question, so that if they did not wishto affirm the whole of the question they should mention the partof the question they wished to be excepted. But, glancing at theclock. and seeing it was already five minutes to three, heresolved to trust to their being intelligent enough to understandthis without further comment. + +"The facts of this case are the following," began the president,and repeated all that had already been said several times by theadvocates, the public prosecutor and the witnesses. + +The president spoke, and the members on each side of him listenedwith deeply-attentive expressions, but looked from time to timeat the clock, for they considered the speech too long though verygood--i.e., such as it ought to be. The public prosecutor, thelawyers, and, in fact, everyone in the court, shared the sameimpression. The president finished the summing up. Then he foundit necessary to tell the jury what they all knew, or might havefound out by reading it up--i.e., how they were to consider thecase, count the votes, in case of a tie to acquit the prisoners,and so on. + +Everything seemed to have been told; but no, the president couldnot forego his right of speaking as yet. It was so pleasant tohear the impressive tones of his own voice, and therefore hefound it necessary to say a few words more about the importanceof the rights given to the jury, how carefully they should usethe rights and how they ought not to abuse them, about theirbeing on their oath, that they were the conscience of society,that the secrecy of the debating-room should be consideredsacred, etc. + +From the time the president commenced his speech, Maslova watchedhim without moving her eyes as if afraid of losing a single word;so that Nekhludoff was not afraid of meeting her eyes and keptlooking at her all the time. And his mind passed through thosephases in which a face which we have not seen for many yearsfirst strikes us with the outward changes brought about duringthe time of separation, and then gradually becomes more and morelike its old self, when the changes made by time seem todisappear, and before our spiritual eyes rises only the principalexpression of one exceptional, unique individuality. Yes, thoughdressed in a prison cloak, and in spite of the developed figure,the fulness of the bosom and lower part of the face, in spite ofa few wrinkles on the forehead and temples and the swollen eyes,this was certainly the same Katusha who, on that Easter eve, hadso innocently looked up to him whom she loved, with her fond,laughing eyes full of joy and life. + +"What a strange coincidence that after ten years, during which Inever saw her, this case should have come up today when I am onthe jury, and that it is in the prisoners' dock that I see heragain! And how will it end? Oh, dear, if they would only get onquicker." + +Still he would not give in to the feelings of repentance whichbegan to arise within him. He tried to consider it all as acoincidence, which would pass without infringing his manner oflife. He felt himself in the position of a puppy, when itsmaster, taking it by the scruff of its neck, rubs its nose in themess it has made. The puppy whines, draws back and wants to getaway as far as possible from the effects of its misdeed, but thepitiless master does not let go. + +And so, Nekhludoff, feeling all the repulsiveness of what he haddone, felt also the powerful hand of the Master, but he did notfeel the whole significance of his action yet and would notrecognise the Master's hand. He did not wish to believe that itwas the effect of his deed that lay before him, but the pitilesshand of the Master held him and he felt he could not get away. Hewas still keeping up his courage and sat on his chair in thefirst row in his usual self-possessed pose, one leg carelesslythrown over the other, and playing with his pince-nez. Yet allthe while, in the depths of his soul, he felt the cruelty,cowardice and baseness, not only of this particular action of hisbut of his whole self-willed, depraved, cruel, idle life; andthat dreadful veil which had in some unaccountable manner hiddenfrom him this sin of his and the whole of his subsequent life wasbeginning to shake, and he caught glimpses of what was covered bythat veil. + +CHAPTER XXIII. + +THE TRIAL--THE VERDICT. + +At last the president finished his speech, and lifting the listof questions with a graceful movement of his arm he handed it tothe foreman, who came up to take it. The jury, glad to be able toget into the debating-court, got up one after the other and leftthe room, looking as if a bit ashamed of themselves and again notknowing what to do with their hands. As soon as the door wasclosed behind them a gendarme came up to it, pulled his sword outof the scabbard, and, holding it up against his shoulder, stoodat the door. The judges got up and went away. The prisoners werealso led out. When the jury came into the debating-room the firstthing they did was to take out their cigarettes, as before, andbegin smoking. The sense of the unnaturalness and falseness oftheir position, which all of them had experienced while sittingin their places in the court, passed when they entered thedebating-room and started smoking, and they settled down with afeeling of relief and at once began an animated conversation. + +"'Tisn't the girl's fault. She's got mixed up in it," said thekindly merchant. "We must recommend her to mercy." + +"That's just what we are going to consider," said the foreman."We must not give way to our personal impressions." + +"The president's summing up was good," remarked the colonel. + +"Good? Why, it nearly sent me to sleep!" + +"The chief point is that the servants could have known nothingabout the money if Maslova had not been in accord with them,"said the clerk of Jewish extraction. + +"Well, do you think that it was she who stole the money?" askedone of the jury. + +"I will never believe it," cried the kindly merchant; "it was allthat red-eyed hag's doing." + +"They are a nice lot, all of them," said the colonel. + +"But she says she never went into the room." + +"Oh, believe her by all means." + +"I should not believe that jade, not for the world." + +"Whether you believe her or not does not settle the question,"said the clerk. + +"The girl had the key," said the colonel. + +"What if she had?" retorted the merchant. + +"And the ring?" + +"But didn't she say all about it?" again cried the merchant. "Thefellow had a temper of his own, and had had a drop too muchbesides, and gave the girl a licking; what could be simpler?Well, then he's sorry--quite naturally. 'There, never mind,' sayshe; 'take this.' Why, I heard them say he was six foot five high;I should think he must have weighed about 20 stones." + +"That's not the point," said Peter Gerasimovitch. "The questionis, whether she was the instigator and inciter in this affair, orthe servants?" + +"It was not possible for the servants to do it alone; she had thekey." + +This kind of random talk went on for a considerable time. At lastthe foreman said: "I beg your pardon, gentlemen, but had we notbetter take our places at the table and discuss the matter?Come, please." And he took the chair. + +The questions were expressed in the following manner. + +1. Is the peasant of the village Borki, Krapivinskia district,Simeon Petrov Kartinkin, 33 years of age, guilty of having, inagreement with other persons, given the merchant Smelkoff, on the17th January, 188-, in the town of N-----, with intent to deprivehim of life, for the purpose of robbing him, poisoned brandy,which caused Smelkoff's death, and of having stolen from himabout 2,500 roubles in money and a diamond ring? + +2. Is the meschanka Euphemia Ivanovna Botchkova, 43 years of age,guilty of the crimes described above? + +3. Is the meschanka Katerina Michaelovna Maslova, 27 years ofage, guilty of the crimes described in the first question? + +4. If the prisoner Euphemia Botchkova is not guilty according tothe first question, is she not guilty of having, on the 17thJanuary, in the town of N----, while in service at the hotelMauritania, stolen from a locked portmanteau, belonging to themerchant Smelkoff, a lodger in that hotel, and which was in theroom occupied by him, 2,500 roubles, for which object sheunlocked the portmanteau with a key she brought and fitted to thelock? + +The foreman read the first question. + +"Well, gentlemen, what do you think?" This question was quicklyanswered. All agreed to say "Guilty," as if convinced thatKartinkin had taken part both in the poisoning and the robbery.An old artelshik, [member of an artel, an association of workmen,in which the members share profits and liabilities] whoseanswers were all in favour of acquittal, was the only exception. + +The foreman thought he did not understand, and began to point outto him that everything tended to prove Kartinkin's guilt. The oldman answered that he did understand, but still thought it betterto have pity on him. "We are not saints ourselves," and he keptto his opinion. + +The answer to the second question concerning Botchkova was, aftermuch dispute and many exclamations, answered by the words, "Notguilty," there being no clear proofs of her having taken part inthe poisoning--a fact her advocate had strongly insisted on. Themerchant, anxious to acquit Maslova, insisted that Botchkova wasthe chief instigator of it all. Many of the jury shared thisview, but the foreman, wishing to be in strict accord with thelaw, declared they had no grounds to consider her as anaccomplice in the poisoning. After much disputing the foreman'sopinion triumphed. + +To the fourth question concerning Botchkova the answer was"Guilty." But on the artelshik's insistence she was recommendedto mercy. + +The third question, concerning Maslova, raised a fierce dispute.The foreman maintained she was guilty both of the poisoning andthe theft, to which the merchant would not agree. The colonel,the clerk and the old artelshik sided with the merchant, the restseemed shaky, and the opinion of the foreman began to gainground, chiefly because all the jurymen were getting tired, andpreferred to take up the view that would bring them sooner to adecision and thus liberate them. + +From all that had passed, and from his former knowledge ofMaslova, Nekhludoff was certain that she was innocent of both thetheft and the poisoning. And he felt sure that all the otherswould come to the same conclusion. When he saw that themerchant's awkward defence (evidently based on his physicaladmiration for her, which he did not even try to hide) and theforeman's insistence, and especially everybody's weariness, wereall tending to her condemnation, he longed to state hisobjections, yet dared not, lest his relations with Maslova shouldbe discovered. He felt he could not allow things to go on withoutstating his objection; and, blushing and growing pale again, wasabout to speak when Peter Gerasimovitch, irritated by theauthoritative manner of the foreman, began to raise hisobjections and said the very things Nekhludoff was about to say. + +"Allow me one moment," he said. "You seem to think that herhaving the key proves she is guilty of the theft; but what couldbe easier than for the servants to open the portmanteau with afalse key after she was gone? + +"Of course, of course," said the merchant. + +"She could not have taken the money, because in her position shewould hardly know what to do with it." + +"That's just what I say," remarked the merchant. + +"But it is very likely that her coming put the idea into theservants' heads and that they grasped the opportunity and shovedall the blame on her." Peter Gerasimovitch spoke so irritablythat the foreman became irritated too, and went on obstinatelydefending the opposite views; but Peter Gerasimovitch spoke soconvincingly that the majority agreed with him, and decided thatMaslova was not guilty of stealing the money and that the ringwas given her. + +But when the question of her having taken part in the poisoningwas raised, her zealous defender, the merchant, declared that shemust be acquitted, because she could have no reason for thepoisoning. The foreman, however, said that it was impossible toacquit her, because she herself had pleaded guilty to havinggiven the powder. + +"Yes, but thinking it was opium," said the merchant. + +"Opium can also deprive one of life," said the colonel, who wasfond of wandering from the subject, and he began telling how hisbrother-in-law's wife would have died of an overdose of opium ifthere had not been a doctor near at hand to take the necessarymeasures. The colonel told his story so impressively, with suchself-possession and dignity, that no one had the courage tointerrupt him. Only the clerk, infected by his example, decidedto break in with a story of his own: "There are some who get soused to it that they can take 40 drops. I have a relative--," butthe colonel would not stand the interruption, and went on torelate what effects the opium had on his brother-in-law's wife. + +"But, gentlemen, do you know it is getting on towards fiveo'clock?" said one of the jury. + +"Well, gentlemen, what are we to say, then?" inquired theforeman. "Shall we say she is guilty, but without intent to rob?And without stealing any property? Will that do?" PeterGerasimovitch, pleased with his victory, agreed. + +"But she must be recommended to mercy," said the merchant. + +All agreed; only the old artelshik insisted that they should say"Not guilty." + +"It comes to the same thing," explained the foreman; "withoutintent to rob, and without stealing any property. Therefore, 'Notguilty,' that's evident." + +"All right; that'll do. And we recommend her to mercy," said themerchant, gaily. + +They were all so tired, so confused by the discussions, thatnobody thought of saying that she was guilty of giving the powderbut without the intent of taking life. Nekhludoff was so excitedthat he did not notice this omission, and so the answers werewritten down in the form agreed upon and taken to the court. + +Rabelais says that a lawyer who was trying a case quoted allsorts of laws, read 20 pages of judicial senseless Latin, andthen proposed to the judges to throw dice, and if the numbersproved odd the defendant would he right, if not, the plaintiff. + +It was much the same in this case. The resolution was taken, notbecause everybody agreed upon it, but because the president, whohad been summing up at such length, omitted to say what he alwayssaid on such occasions, that the answer might be, "Yes, guilty,but without the intent of taking life;" because the colonel hadrelated the story of his brother-in-law's wife at such greatlength; because Nekhludoff was too excited to notice that theproviso "without intent to take life" had been omitted, andthought that the words "without intent" nullified the conviction;because Peter Gerasimovitch had retired from the room while thequestions and answers were being read, and chiefly because, beingtired, and wishing to get away as soon as possible, all wereready to agree with the decision which would bring matters to anend soonest. + +The jurymen rang the bell. The gendarme who had stood outside thedoor with his sword drawn put the sword back into the scabbardand stepped aside. The judges took their seats and the jury cameout one by one. + +The foreman brought in the paper with an air of solemnity andhanded it to the president, who looked at it, and, spreading outhis hands in astonishment, turned to consult his companions. Thepresident was surprised that the jury, having put in aproviso--without intent to rob--did not put in a secondproviso--without intent to take life. From the decision of thejury it followed that Maslova had not stolen, nor robbed, and yetpoisoned a man without any apparent reason. + +"Just see what an absurd decision they have come to," hewhispered to the member on his left. "This means penal servitudein Siberia, and she is innocent." + +"Surely you do not mean to say she is innocent? answered theserious member. + +"Yes, she is positively innocent. I think this is a case forputting Article 817 into practice (Article 817 states that if theCourt considers the decision of the jury unjust it may set itaside)." + +"What do you think?" said the president, turning to the othermember. The kindly member did not answer at once. He looked atthe number on a paper before him and added up the figures; thesum would not divide by three. He had settled in his mind that ifit did divide by three he would agree to the president'sproposal, but though the sum would not so divide his kindnessmade him agree all the same. + +"I, too, think it should he done," he said. + +"And you?" asked the president, turning to the serious member. + +"On no account," he answered, firmly. "As it is, the papersaccuse the jury of acquitting prisoners. What will they say ifthe Court does it? I, shall not agree to that on any account." + +The president looked at his watch. "It is a pity, but what's tobe done?" and handed the questions to the foreman to read out.All got up, and the foreman, stepping from foot to foot, coughed,and read the questions and the answers. All the Court, secretary,advocates, and even the public prosecutor, expressed surprise.The prisoners sat impassive, evidently not understanding themeaning of the answers. Everybody sat down again, and thepresident asked the prosecutor what punishments the prisonerswere to be subjected to. + +The prosecutor, glad of his unexpected success in getting Maslovaconvicted, and attributing the success entirely to his owneloquence, looked up the necessary information, rose and said:"With Simeon Kartinkin I should deal according to Statute 1,452paragraph 93. Euphemia Botchkova according to Statute . . ., etc.Katerina Maslova according to Statute . . .,etc." + +All three punishments were the heaviest that could he inflicted. + +"The Court will adjourn to consider the sentence," said thepresident, rising. Everybody rose after him, and with thepleasant feeling of a task well done began to leave the room ormove about in it. + +"D'you know, sirs, we have made a shameful hash of it?" saidPeter Gerasimovitch, approaching Nekhludoff, to whom the foremanwas relating something. "Why, we've got her to Siberia." + +"What are you saying?" exclaimed Nekhludoff. This time he did notnotice the teacher's familiarity. + +"Why, we did not put in our answer 'Guilty, but without intent ofcausing death.' The secretary just told me the public prosecutoris for condemning her to 15 years' penal servitude." + +"Well, but it was decided so," said the foreman. + +Peter Gerasimovitch began to dispute this, saying that since shedid not take the money it followed naturally that she could nothave had any intention of committing murder. + +"But I read the answer before going out," said the foreman,defending himself, "and nobody objected." + +"I had just then gone out of the room," said Peter Gerasimovitch,turning to Nekhludoff, "and your thoughts must have beenwool-gathering to let the thing pass." + +"I never imagined this," Nekhludoff replied. + +"Oh, you didn't?" + +"Oh, well, we can get it put right," said Nekhludoff. + +"Oh, dear no; it's finished." + +Nekhludoff looked at the prisoners. They whose fate was beingdecided still sat motionless behind the grating in front of thesoldiers. Maslova was smiling. Another feeling stirred inNekhludoff's soul. Up to now, expecting her acquittal andthinking she would remain in the town, he was uncertain how toact towards her. Any kind of relations with her would be so verydifficult. But Siberia and penal servitude at once cut off everypossibility of any kind of relations with her. The wounded birdwould stop struggling in the game-bag, and no longer remind himof its existence. + +CHAPTER XXIV. + +THE TRIAL--THE SENTENCE. + +Peter Gerasimovitch's assumption was correct. The president cameback from the debating room with a paper, and read asfollows:--"April 28th, 188-. By His Imperial Majesty's ukase No.----- The Criminal Court, on the strength of the decision of thejury, in accordance with Section 3 of Statute 771, Section 3 ofStatutes 770 and 777, decrees that the peasant, Simeon Kartinkin,33 years of age, and the meschanka Katerina Maslova, 27 years ofage, are to be deprived of all property rights and to be sent topenal servitude in Siberia, Kartinkin for eight, Maslova for fouryears, with the consequences stated in Statute 25 of the code.The meschanka Botchkova, 43 years of age, to be deprived of allspecial personal and acquired rights, and to be imprisoned forthree years with consequences in accord with Statute 48 of thecode. The costs of the case to be borne equally by the prisoners;and, in the case of their being without sufficient property, thecosts to be transferred to the Treasury. Articles of materialevidence to be sold, the ring to be returned, the phialsdestroyed." Botchkova was condemned to prison, Simeon Kartinkenand Katerina Maslova to the loss of all special rights andprivileges and to penal servitude in Siberia, he for eight andshe for four years. + +Kartinkin stood holding his arms close to his sides and movinghis lips. Botchkova seemed perfectly calm. Maslova, when sheheard the sentence, blushed scarlet. "I'm not guilty, notguilty!" she suddenly cried, so that it resounded through theroom. "It is a sin! I am not guilty! I never wished--I neverthought! It is the truth I am saying--the truth!" and sinking onthe bench she burst into tears and sobbed aloud. When Kartinkinand Botchkova went out she still sat crying, so that a gendarmehad to touch the sleeve of her cloak. + +"No; it is impossible to leave it as it is," said Nekhludoff tohimself, utterly forgetting his bad thoughts. He did not know whyhe wished to look at her once more, but hurried out into thecorridor. There was quite a crowd at the door. The advocates andjury were going out, pleased to have finished the business, andhe was obliged to wait a few seconds, and when he at last got outinto the corridor she was far in front. He hurried along thecorridor after her, regardless of the attention he was arousing,caught her up, passed her, and stopped. She had ceased crying andonly sobbed, wiping her red, discoloured face with the end of thekerchief on her head. She passed without noticing him. Then hehurried back to see the president. The latter had already leftthe court, and Nekhludoff followed him into the lobby and went upto him just as he had put on his light grey overcoat and wastaking the silver-mounted walking-stick which an attendant washanding him. + +"Sir, may I have a few words with you concerning some business Ihave just decided upon?" said Nekhludoff. I am one of the jury." + +"Oh, certainly, Prince Nekhludoff. I shall be delighted. I thinkwe have met before," said the president, pressing Nekhludoff'shand and recalling with pleasure the evening when he first metNekhludoff, and when he had danced so gaily, better than all theyoung people. "What can I do for you?" + +"There is a mistake in the answer concerning Maslova. She is notguilty of the poisoning and yet she is condemned to penalservitude," said Nekhludoff, with a preoccupied and gloomy air. + +"The Court passed the sentence in accordance with the answers youyourselves gave," said the president, moving towards the frontdoor; "though they did not seem to be quite in accord." And heremembered that he had been going to explain to the jury that averdict of "guilty" meant guilty of intentional murder unless thewords "without intent to take life" were added, but had, in hishurry to get the business over, omitted to do so. + +"Yes, but could not the mistake be rectified?" + +"A reason for an appeal can always be found. You will have tospeak to an advocate," said the president, putting on his hat alittle to one side and continuing to move towards the door. + +"But this is terrible." + +"Well, you see, there were two possibilities before Maslova,"said the president, evidently wishing to be as polite andpleasant to Nekhludoff as he could. Then, having arranged hiswhiskers over his coat collar, he put his hand lightly underNekhludoff's elbow, and, still directing his steps towards thefront door, he said, "You are going, too?" + +"Yes," said Nekhludoff, quickly getting his coat, and followinghim. + +They went out into the bright, merry sunlight, and had to raisetheir voices because of the rattling of the wheels on thepavement. + +"The situation is a curious one, you see," said the president;"what lay before this Maslova was one of two things: either to bealmost acquitted and only imprisoned for a short time, or, takingthe preliminary confinement into consideration, perhaps not atall--or Siberia. There is nothing between. Had you but added thewords, 'without intent to cause death,' she would have beenacquitted." + +"Yes, it was inexcusable of me to omit that," said Nekhludoff. + +"That's where the whole matter lies," said the president, with asmile, and looked at his watch. He had only three-quarters of anhour left before the time appointed by his Clara would elapse. + +"Now, if you like to speak to the advocates you'll have to find areason for an appeal; that can be easily done." Then, turning toan isvostchik, he called out, "To the Dvoryanskaya 30 copecks; Inever give more." "All right, your honour; here you are." + +"Good-afternoon. If I can be of any use, my address is HouseDvornikoff, on the Dvoryanskaya; it's easy to remember." And hebowed in a friendly manner as he got into the trap and drove off. + +CHAPTER XXV. + +NEKHLUDOFF CONSULTS AN ADVOCATE. + +His conversation with the president and the fresh air quietedNekhludoff a little. He now thought that the feelings experiencedby him had been exaggerated by the unusual surroundings in whichhe had spent the whole of the morning, and by that wonderful andstartling coincidence. Still, it was absolutely necessary to takesome steps to lighten Maslova's fate, and to take them quickly."Yes, at once! It will be best to find out here in the courtwhere the advocate Fanarin or Mikishin lives." These were twowell-known advocates whom Nekhludoff called to mind. He returnedto the court, took off his overcoat, and went upstairs. In thefirst corridor he met Fanarin himself. He stopped him, and toldhim that he was just going to look him up on a matter ofbusiness. + +Fanarin knew Nekhludoff by sight and name, and said he would bevery glad to be of service to him. + +"Though I am rather tired, still, if your business will not takevery long, perhaps you might tell me what it is now. Will youstep in here?" And he led Nekhludoff into a room, probably somejudge's cabinet. They sat down by the table. + +"Well, and what is your business?" + +"First of all, I must ask you to keep the business private. I donot want it known that I take an interest in the affair." + +"Oh, that of course. Well?" + +"I was on the jury to-day, and we have condemned a woman toSiberia, an innocent woman. This bothers me very much."Nekhludoff, to his own surprise, blushed and became confused.Fanarin glanced at him rapidly, and looked down again, listening. + +"Well?" + +"We have condemned a woman, and I should like to appeal to ahigher court." + +"To the Senate, you mean," said Fanarin, correcting him. + +"Yes, and I should like to ask you to take the case in hand."Nekhludoff wanted to get the most difficult part over, and added,"I shall take the costs of the case on myself, whatever they maybe." + +"Oh, we shall settle all that," said the advocate, smiling withcondescension at Nekhludoff's inexperience in these matters."What is the case?" + +Nekhludoff stated what had happened. + +"All right. I shall look the case through to-morrow or the dayafter--no--better on Thursday. If you will come to me at sixo'clock I will give you an answer. Well, and now let us go; Ihave to make a few inquiries here." + +Nekhludoff took leave of him and went out. This talk with theadvocate, and the fact that he had taken measures for Maslova'sdefence, quieted him still further. He went out into the street.The weather was beautiful, and he joyfully drew in a long breathof spring air. He was at once surrounded by isvostchiks offeringtheir services, but he went on foot. A whole swarm of picturesand memories of Katusha and his conduct to her began whirling inhis brain, and he felt depressed and everything appeared gloomy."No, I shall consider all this later on; I must now get rid ofall these disagreeable impressions," he thought to himself. + +He remembered the Korchagin's dinner and looked at his watch. Itwas not yet too late to get there in time. He heard the ring of apassing tramcar, ran to catch it, and jumped on. He jumped offagain when they got to the market-place, took a good isvostchik,and ten minutes later was at the entrance of the Korchagins' bighouse. + +CHAPTER XXVI. + +THE HOUSE OF KORCHAGIN. + +"Please to walk in, your excellency," said the friendly, fatdoorkeeper of the Korchagins' big house, opening the door, whichmoved noiselessly on its patent English hinges; "you areexpected. They are at dinner. My orders were to admit only you."The doorkeeper went as far as the staircase and rang. + +"Are there any strangers?" asked Nekhludoff, taking off hisovercoat. + +"Mr. Kolosoff and Michael Sergeivitch only, besides the family." + +A very handsome footman with whiskers, in a swallow-tail coat andwhite gloves, looked down from the landing. + +Please to walk up, your excellency," he said. "You are expected." + +Nekhludoff went up and passed through the splendid largedancing-room, which he knew so well, into the dining-room. Therethe whole Korchagin family--except the mother, Sophia Vasilievna,who never left her cabinet--were sitting round the table. At thehead of the table sat old Korchagin; on his left the doctor, andon his right, a visitor, Ivan Ivanovitch Kolosoff, a formerMarechal de Noblesse, now a bank director, Korchagin's friend anda Liberal. Next on the left side sat Miss Rayner, the governessof Missy's little sister, and the four-year-old girl herself.Opposite them, Missy's brother, Petia, the only son of theKorchagins, a public-school boy of the Sixth Class. It wasbecause of his examinations that the whole family were still intown. Next to him sat a University student who was coaching him,and Missy's cousin, Michael Sergeivitch Telegin, generally calledMisha; opposite him, Katerina Alexeevna, a 40-year-old maidenlady, a Slavophil; and at the foot of the table sat Missyherself, with an empty place by her side. + +"Ah! that's right! Sit down. We are still at the fish," said oldKorchagin with difficulty, chewing carefully with his falseteeth, and lifting his bloodshot eyes (which had no visible lidsto them) to Nekhludoff. + +"Stephen!" he said, with his mouth full, addressing the stout,dignified butler, and pointing with his eyes to the empty place.Though Nekhludoff knew Korchagin very well, and had often seenhim at dinner, to-day this red face with the sensual smackinglips, the fat neck above the napkin stuck into his waistcoat, andthe whole over-fed military figure, struck him very disagreeably.Then Nekhludoff remembered, without wishing to, what he knew ofthe cruelty of this man, who, when in command, used to have menflogged, and even hanged, without rhyme or reason, simply becausehe was rich and had no need to curry favour. + +"Immediately, your excellency," said Stephen, getting a largesoup ladle out of the sideboard, which was decorated with anumber of silver vases. He made a sign with his head to thehandsome footman, who began at once to arrange the untouchedknives and forks and the napkin, elaborately folded with theembroidered family crest uppermost, in front of the empty placenext to Missy. Nekhludoff went round shaking hands with everyone, and all, except old Korchagin and the ladies, rose when heapproached. And this walk round the table, this shaking the handsof people, with many of whom he never talked, seemed unpleasantand odd. He excused himself for being late, and was about to sitdown between Missy and Katerina Alexeevna, but old Korchagininsisted that if he would not take a glass of vodka he should atleast take a bit of something to whet his appetite, at the sidetable, on which stood small dishes of lobster, caviare, cheese,and salt herrings. Nekhludoff did not know how hungry he wasuntil he began to eat, and then, having taken some bread andcheese, he went on eating eagerly. + +"Well, have you succeeded in undermining the basis of society?"asked Kolosoff, ironically quoting an expression used by aretrograde newspaper in attacking trial by jury. "Acquitted theculprits and condemned the innocent, have you?" + +"Undermining the basis--undermining the basis," repeated PrinceKorchagin, laughing. He had a firm faith in the wisdom andlearning of his chosen friend and companion. + +At the risk of seeming rude, Nekhludoff left Kolosoff's questionunanswered, and sitting down to his steaming soup, went oneating. + +"Do let him eat," said Missy, with a smile. The pronoun him sheused as a reminder of her intimacy with Nekhludoff. Kolosoff wenton in a loud voice and lively manner to give the contents of thearticle against trial by jury which had aroused his indignation.Missy's cousin, Michael Sergeivitch, endorsed all his statements,and related the contents of another article in the same paper.Missy was, as usual, very distinguee, and well, unobtrusivelywell, dressed. + +"You must be terribly tired," she said, after waiting untilNekhludoff had swallowed what was in his mouth. + +"Not particularly. And you? Have you been to look at thepictures?" he asked. + +"No, we put that off. We have been playing tennis at theSalamatoffs'. It is quite true, Mr. Crooks plays remarkablywell." + +Nekhludoff had come here in order to distract his thoughts, forhe used to like being in this house, both because its refinedluxury had a pleasant effect on him and because of the atmosphereof tender flattery that unobtrusively surrounded him. But to-dayeverything in the house was repulsive to him--everything:beginning with the doorkeeper, the broad staircase, the flowers,the footman, the table decorations, up to Missy herself, whoto-day seemed unattractive and affected. Kolosoff's self-assured,trivial tone of liberalism was unpleasant, as was also thesensual, self-satisfied, bull-like appearance of old Korchagin,and the French phrases of Katerina Alexeevna, the Slavophil. Theconstrained looks of the governess and the student wereunpleasant, too, but most unpleasant of all was the pronoun HIMthat Missy had used. Nekhludoff had long been wavering betweentwo ways of regarding Missy; sometimes he looked at her as if bymoonlight, and could see in her nothing but what was beautiful,fresh, pretty, clever and natural; then suddenly, as if thebright sun shone on her, he saw her defects and could not helpseeing them. This was such a day for him. To-day he saw all thewrinkles of her face, knew which of her teeth were false, saw theway her hair was crimped, the sharpness of her elbows, and, aboveall, how large her thumb-nail was and how like her father's. + +"Tennis is a dull game," said Kolosoff; "we used to play laptawhen we were children. That was much more amusing." + +"Oh, no, you never tried it; it's awfully interesting," saidMissy, laying, it seemed to Nekhludoff, a very affected stress onthe word "awfully." Then a dispute arose in which MichaelSergeivitch, Katerina Alexeevna and all the others took part,except the governess, the student and the children, who satsilent and wearied. + +"Oh, these everlasting disputes!" said old Korchagin, laughing,and he pulled the napkin out of his waistcoat, noisily pushedback his chair, which the footman instantly ,caught hold of, andleft the table. + +Everybody rose after him, and went up to another table on whichstood glasses of scented water. They rinsed their mouths, thenresumed the conversation, interesting to no one. + +"Don't you think so?" said Missy to Nekhludoff, calling for aconfirmation of the statement that nothing shows up a man'scharacter like a game. She noticed that preoccupied and, as itseemed to her, dissatisfied look which she feared, and she wantedto find out what had caused it. + +"Really, I can't tell; I have never thought about it," Nekhludoffanswered. + +"Will you come to mamma?" asked Missy. + +Yes, yes," he said, in a tone which plainly proved that he didnot want to go, and took out a cigarette. + +She looked at him in silence, with a questioning look, and hefelt ashamed. "To come into a house and give the people thedumps," he thought about himself; then, trying to be amiable,said that he would go with pleasure if the princess would admithim. + +"Oh, yes! Mamma will be pleased. You may smoke there; and IvanIvanovitch is also there." + +The mistress of the house, Princess Sophia Vasilievna, was arecumbent lady. It was the eighth year that, when visitors werepresent, she lay in lace and ribbons, surrounded with velvet,gilding, ivory, bronze, lacquer and flowers, never going out, andonly, as she put it, receiving intimate friends, i.e., those whoaccording to her idea stood out from the common herd. + +Nekhludoff was admitted into the number of these friends becausehe was considered clever, because his mother had been an intimatefriend of the family, and because it was desirable that Missyshould marry him. + +Sophia Vasilievna's room lay beyond the large and the smalldrawing-rooms. In the large drawing-room, Missy, who was in frontof Nekhludoff, stopped resolutely, and taking hold of the back ofa small green chair, faced him. + +Missy was very anxious to get married, and as he was a suitablematch and she also liked him, she had accustomed herself to thethought that he should be hers (not she his). To lose him wouldbe very mortifying. She now began talking to him in order to gethim to explain his intentions. + +"I see something has happened," she said. "Tell me, what is thematter with you?" + +He remembered the meeting in the law court, and frowned andblushed. + +"Yes, something has happened," he said, wishing to be truthful;"a very unusual and serious event." + +"What is it, then? Can you not tell me what it is?" She waspursuing her aim with that unconscious yet obstinate cunningoften observable in the mentally diseased. + +"Not now. Please do not ask me to tell you. I have not yet hadtime fully to consider it," and he blushed still more. + +"And so you will not tell me?" A muscle twitched in her face andshe pushed back the chair she was holding. "Well then, come!" Sheshook her head as if to expel useless thoughts, and, faster thanusual, went on in front of him. + +He fancied that her mouth was unnaturally compressed in order tokeep back the tears. He was ashamed of having hurt her, and yethe knew that the least weakness on his part would mean disaster,i.e., would bind him to her. And to-day he feared this more thananything, and silently followed her to the princess's cabinet. + +CHAPTER XXVII. + +MISSY'S MOTHER. + +Princess Sophia Vasilievna, Missy's mother, had finished her veryelaborate and nourishing dinner. (She had it always alone, thatno one should see her performing this unpoetical function.) Byher couch stood a small table with her coffee, and she wassmoking a pachitos. Princess Sophia Vasilievna was a long, thinwoman, with dark hair, large black eyes and long teeth, and stillpretended to be young. + +Her intimacy with the doctor was being talked about. Nekhludoffhad known that for some time; but when he saw the doctor sittingby her couch, his oily, glistening beard parted in the middle, henot only remembered the rumours about them, but felt greatlydisgusted. By the table, on a low, soft, easy chair, next toSophia Vasilievna, sat Kolosoff, stirring his coffee. A glass ofliqueur stood on the table. Missy came in with Nekhludoff, butdid not remain in the room. + +"When mamma gets tired of you and drives you away, then come tome," she said, turning to Kolosoff and Nekhludoff, speaking as ifnothing had occurred; then she went away, smiling merrily andstepping noiselessly on the thick carpet. + +"How do you do, dear friend? Sit down and talk," said PrincessSophia Vasilievna, with her affected but very naturally-actedsmile, showing her fine, long teeth--a splendid imitation of whather own had once been. "I hear that you have come from the LawCourts very much depressed. I think it must be very trying to aperson with a heart," she added in French. + +"Yes, that is so," said Nekhludoff. "One often feels one's ownde--one feels one has no right to judge." + +"Comme, c'est vrai," she cried, as if struck by the truth of thisremark. She was in the habit of artfully flattering all thosewith whom she conversed. "Well, and what of your picture? It doesinterest me so. If I were not such a sad invalid I should havebeen to see it long ago," she said. + +"I have quite given it up," Nekhludoff replied drily. Thefalseness of her flattery seemed as evident to him to-day as herage, which she was trying to conceal, and he could not puthimself into the right state to behave politely. + +"Oh, that IS a pity! Why, he has a real talent for art; I have itfrom Repin's own lips," she added, turning to Kolosoff. + +"Why is it she is not ashamed of lying so?" Nekhludoff thought,and frowned. + +When she had convinced herself that Nekhludoff was in a badtemper and that one could not get him into an agreeable andclever conversation, Sophia Vasilievna turned to Kolosoff, askinghis opinion of a new play. She asked it in a tone as ifKolosoff's opinion would decide all doubts, and each word of thisopinion be worthy of being immortalised. Kolosoff found faultboth with the play and its author, and that led him to expresshis views on art. Princess Sophia Vasilievna, while trying at thesame time to defend the play, seemed impressed by the truth ofhis arguments, either giving in at once, or at least modifyingher opinion. Nekhludoff looked and listened, but neither saw norheard what was going on before him. + +Listening now to Sophia Vasilievna, now to Kolosoff, Nekhludoffnoticed that neither he nor she cared anything about the play oreach other, and that if they talked it was only to gratify thephysical desire to move the muscles of the throat and tongueafter having eaten; and that Kolosoff, having drunk vodka, wineand liqueur, was a little tipsy. Not tipsy like the peasants whodrink seldom, but like people to whom drinking wine has become ahabit. He did not reel about or talk nonsense, but he was in astate that was not normal; excited and self-satisfied.Nekhludoff also noticed that during the conversation PrincessSophia Vasilievna kept glancing uneasily at the window, throughwhich a slanting ray of sunshine, which might vividly light upher aged face, was beginning to creep up. + +"How true," she said in reference to some remark of Kolosoff's,touching the button of an electric bell by the side of her couch.The doctor rose, and, like one who is at home, left the roomwithout saying anything. Sophia Vasilievna followed him with hereyes and continued the conversation. + +"Please, Philip, draw these curtains," she said, pointing to thewindow, when the handsome footman came in answer to the bell."No; whatever you may say, there is some mysticism in him;without mysticism there can be no poetry," she said, with one ofher black eyes angrily following the footman's movements as hewas drawing the curtains. "Without poetry, mysticism issuperstition; without mysticism, poetry is--prose," shecontinued, with a sorrowful smile, still not losing sight of thefootman and the curtains. "Philip, not that curtain; the one onthe large window," she exclaimed, in a suffering tone. SophiaVasilievna was evidently pitying herself for having to make theeffort of saying these words; and, to soothe her feelings, sheraised to her lips a scented, smoking cigarette with her jewel-bedecked fingers. + +The broad-chested, muscular, handsome Philip bowed slightly, asif begging pardon; and stepping lightly across the carpet withhis broad-calved, strong, legs, obediently and silently went tothe other window, and, looking at the princess, carefully beganto arrange the curtain so that not a single ray dared fall onher. But again he did not satisfy her, and again she had tointerrupt the conversation about mysticism, and correct in amartyred tone the unintelligent Philip, who was tormenting her sopitilessly. For a moment a light flashed in Philip's eyes. + +"'The devil take you! What do you want?' was probably what hesaid to himself," thought Nekhludoff, who had been observing allthis scene. But the strong, handsome Philip at once managed toconceal the signs of his impatience, and went on quietly carryingout the orders of the worn, weak, false Sophia Vasilievna. + +"Of course, there is a good deal of truth in Lombroso'steaching," said Kolosoff, lolling back in the low chair andlooking at Sophia Vasilievna with sleepy eyes; "but heover-stepped the mark. Oh, yes." + +"And you? Do you believe in heredity?" asked Sophia Vasilievna,turning to Nekhludoff, whose silence annoyed her. "In heredity?"he asked. "No, I don't." At this moment his whole mind was takenup by strange images that in some unaccountable way rose up inhis imagination. By the side of this strong and handsome Philiphe seemed at this minute to see the nude figure of Kolosoff as anartist's model; with his stomach like a melon, his bald head, andhis arms without muscle, like pestles. In the same dim way thelimbs of Sophia Vasilievna, now covered with silks and velvets,rose up in his mind as they must be in reality; but this mentalpicture was too horrid and he tried to drive it away. + +"Well, you know Missy is waiting for you," she said. "Go and findher. She wants to play a new piece by Grieg to you; it is mostinteresting." + +"She did not mean to play anything; the woman is simply lying,for some reason or other," thought Nekhludoff, rising andpressing Sophia Vasilievna's transparent and bony, ringed hand. + +Katerina Alexeevna met him in the drawing-room, and at oncebegan, in French, as usual: + +"I see the duties of a juryman act depressingly upon you." + +"Yes; pardon me, I am in low spirits to-day, and have no right toweary others by my presence," said Nekhludoff. + +"Why are you in low spirits?" + +"Allow me not to speak about that," he said, looking round forhis hat. + +"Don't you remember how you used to say that we must always tellthe truth? And what cruel truths you used to tell us all! Why doyou not wish to speak out now? Don't you remember, Missy?" shesaid, turning to Missy, who had just come in. + +"We were playing a game then," said Nekhludoff, seriously; "onemay tell the truth in a game, but in reality we are so bad--Imean I am so bad--that I, at least, cannot tell the truth." + +"Oh, do not correct yourself, but rather tell us why WE are sobad," said Katerina Alexeevna, playing with her words andpretending not to notice how serious Nekhludoff was. + +"Nothing is worse than to confess to being in low spirits," saidMissy. "I never do it, and therefore am always in good spirits." + +Nekhludoff felt as a horse must feel when it is being caressed tomake it submit to having the bit put in its mouth and beharnessed, and to-day he felt less than ever inclined to draw. + +"Well, are you coming into my room? We will try to cheer you up." + +He excused himself, saying he had to be at home, and began takingleave. Missy kept his hand longer than usual. + +"Remember that what is important to you is important to yourfriends," she said. "Are you coming tomorrow?" + +"I hardly expect to," said Nekhludoff; and feeling ashamed,without knowing whether for her or for himself, he blushed andwent away. + +"What is it? Comme cela m'intrigue," said Katerina Alexeevna. "Imust find it out. I suppose it is some affaire d'amour propre; ilest tres susceptible, notre cher Mitia." + +"Plutot une affaire d'amour sale," Missy was going to say, butstopped and looked down with a face from which all the light hadgone--a very different face from the one with which she hadlooked at him. She would not mention to Katerina Alexeevna even,so vulgar a pun, but only said, "We all have our good and our baddays." + +"Is it possible that he, too, will deceive?" she thought; "afterall that has happened it would be very bad of him." + +If Missy had had to explain what she meant by "after all that hashappened," she could have said nothing definite, and yet she knewthat he had not only excited her hopes but had almost given her apromise. No definite words had passed between them--only looksand smiles and hints; and yet she considered him as her own, andto lose him would be very hard. + +CHAPTER XXVIII. + +THE AWAKENING. + +"Shameful and stupid, horrid and shameful!" Nekhludoff keptsaying to himself, as he walked home along the familiar streets.The depression he had felt whilst speaking to Missy would notleave him. He felt that, looking at it externally, as it were, hewas in the right, for he had never said anything to her thatcould be considered binding, never made her an offer; but he knewthat in reality he had bound himself to her, had promised to behers. And yet to-day he felt with his whole being that he couldnot marry her. + +"Shameful and horrid, horrid and shameful!" he repeated tohimself, with reference not only to his relations with Missy butalso to the rest. "Everything is horrid and shameful," hemuttered, as he stepped into the porch of his house. "I am notgoing to have any supper," he said to his manservant Corney, whofollowed him into the dining-room, where the cloth was laid forsupper and tea. "You may go." + +"Yes, sir," said Corney, yet he did not go, but began clearingthe supper off the table. Nekhludoff looked at Corney with afeeling of ill-will. He wished to be left alone, and it seemed tohim that everybody was bothering him in order to spite him. WhenCorney had gone away with the supper things, Nekhludoff moved tothe tea urn and was about to make himself some tea, but hearingAgraphena Petrovna's footsteps, he went hurriedly into thedrawing-room, to avoid being seen by her, and shut the door afterhim. In this drawing-room his mother had died three monthsbefore. On entering the room, in which two lamps with reflectorswere burning, one lighting up his father's and the other hismother's portrait, he remembered what his last relations with hismother had been. And they also seemed shameful and horrid. Heremembered how, during the latter period of her illness, he hadsimply wished her to die. He had said to himself that he wishedit for her sake, that she might be released from her suffering,but in reality he wished to be released from the sight of hersufferings for his own sake. + +Trying to recall a pleasant image of her, he went up to look ather portrait, painted by a celebrated artist for 800 roubles. Shewas depicted in a very low-necked black velvet dress. There wassomething very revolting and blasphemous in this representationof his mother as a half-nude beauty. It was all the moredisgusting because three months ago, in this very room, lay thissame woman, dried up to a mummy. And he remembered how a few daysbefore her death she clasped his hand with her bony, discolouredfingers, looked into his eyes, and said: "Do not judge me, Mitia,if I have not done what I should," and how the tears came intoher eyes, grown pale with suffering. + +"Ah, how horrid!" he said to himself, looking up once more at thehalf-naked woman, with the splendid marble shoulders and arms,and the triumphant smile on her lips. "Oh, how horrid!" The baredshoulders of the portrait reminded him of another, a young woman,whom he had seen exposed in the same way a few days before. Itwas Missy, who had devised an excuse for calling him into herroom just as she was ready to go to a ball, so that he should seeher in her ball dress. It was with disgust that he remembered herfine shoulders and arms. "And that father of hers, with hisdoubtful past and his cruelties, and the bel-esprit her mother,with her doubtful reputation." All this disgusted him, and alsomade him feel ashamed. "Shameful and horrid; horrid and shameful!" + +"No, no," he thought; "freedom from all these false relationswith the Korchagins and Mary Vasilievna and the inheritance andfrom all the rest must be got. Oh, to breathe freely, to goabroad, to Rome and work at my picture! He remembered the doubtshe had about his talent for art. "Well, never mind; only just tobreathe freely. First Constantinople, then Rome. Only just to getthrough with this jury business, and arrange with the advocatefirst." + +Then suddenly there arose in his mind an extremely vivid pictureof a prisoner with black, slightly-squinting eyes, and how shebegan to cry when the last words of the prisoners had been heard;and he hurriedly put out his cigarette, pressing it into theash-pan, lit another, and began pacing up and down the room. Oneafter another the scenes he had lived through with her rose inhis mind. He recalled that last interview with her. He rememberedthe white dress and blue sash, the early mass. "Why, I loved her,really loved her with a good, pure love, that night; I loved hereven before: yes, I loved her when I lived with my aunts thefirst time and was writing my composition." And he rememberedhimself as he had been then. A breath of that freshness, youthand fulness of life seemed to touch him, and he grew painfullysad. The difference between what he had been then and what he wasnow, was enormous--just as great, if not greater than thedifference between Katusha in church that night, and theprostitute who had been carousing with the merchant and whom theyjudged this morning. Then he was free and fearless, andinnumerable possibilities lay ready to open before him; now hefelt himself caught in the meshes of a stupid, empty, valueless,frivolous life, out of which he saw no means of extricatinghimself even if he wished to, which he hardly did. He rememberedhow proud he was at one time of his straightforwardness, how hehad made a rule of always speaking the truth, and really had beentruthful; and how he was now sunk deep in lies: in the mostdreadful of lies--lies considered as the truth by all whosurrounded him. And, as far as he could see, there was no way outof these lies. He had sunk in the mire, got used to it, indulgedhimself in it. + +How was he to break off his relations with Mary Vasilievna andher husband in such a way as to be able to look him and hischildren in the eyes? How disentangle himself from Missy? Howchoose between the two opposites--the recognition that holdingland was unjust and the heritage from his mother? How atone forhis sin against Katusha? This last, at any rate, could not beleft as it was. He could not abandon a woman he had loved, andsatisfy himself by paying money to an advocate to save her fromhard labour in Siberia. She had not even deserved hard labour.Atone for a fault by paying money? Had he not then, when he gaveher the money, thought he was atoning for his fault? + +And he clearly recalled to mind that moment when, having caughther up in the passage, he thrust the money into her bib and ranaway. "Oh, that money!" he thought with the same horror anddisgust he had then felt. "Oh, dear! oh, dear! how disgusting,"he cried aloud as he had done then. "Only a scoundrel, a knave,could do such a thing. And I am that knave, that scoundrel!" Hewent on aloud: "But is it possible?"--he stopped and stoodstill--"is it possible that I am really a scoundrel? . . .Well, who but I?" he answered himself. "And then, is this theonly thing?" he went on, convicting himself. "Was not my conducttowards Mary Vasilievna and her husband base and disgusting? Andmy position with regard to money? To use riches considered by meunlawful on the plea that they are inherited from my mother? Andthe whole of my idle, detestable life? And my conduct towardsKatusha to crown all? Knave and scoundrel! Let men judge me asthey like, I can deceive them; but myself I cannot deceive." + +And, suddenly, he understood that the aversion he had lately, andparticularly to-day, felt for everybody--the Prince and SophiaVasilievna and Corney and Missy--was an aversion for himself.And, strange to say, in this acknowledgement of his basenessthere was something painful yet joyful and quieting. + +More than once in Nekhludoff's life there had been what he calleda "cleansing of the soul." By "cleansing of the soul" he meant astate of mind in which, after a long period of sluggish innerlife, a total cessation of its activity, he began to clear outall the rubbish that had accumulated in his soul, and was thecause of the cessation of the true life. His soul neededcleansing as a watch does. After such an awakening Nekhludoffalways made some rules for himself which he meant to followforever after, wrote his diary, and began afresh a life which hehoped never to change again. "Turning over a new leaf," he calledit to himself in English. But each time the temptations of theworld entrapped him, and without noticing it he fell again, oftenlower than before. + +Thus he had several times in his life raised and cleansedhimself. The first time this happened was during the summer hespent with his aunts; that was his most vital and rapturousawakening, and its effects had lasted some time. Anotherawakening was when he gave up civil service and joined the armyat war time, ready to sacrifice his life. But here the choking-upprocess was soon accomplished. Then an awakening came when heleft the army and went abroad, devoting himself to art. + +From that time until this day a long period had elapsed withoutany cleansing, and therefore the discord between the demands ofhis conscience and the life he was leading was greater than ithad ever been before. He was horror-struck when he saw how greatthe divergence was. It was so great and the defilement socomplete that he despaired of the possibility of gettingcleansed. "Have you not tried before to perfect yourself andbecome better, and nothing has come of it?" whispered the voiceof the tempter within. "What is the use of trying any more? Areyou the only one?--All are alike, such is life," whispered thevoice. But the free spiritual being, which alone is true, alonepowerful, alone eternal, had already awakened in Nekhludoff, andhe could not but believe it. Enormous though the distance wasbetween what he wished to be and what he was, nothing appearedinsurmountable to the newly-awakened spiritual being. + +"At any cost I will break this lie which binds me and confesseverything, and will tell everybody the truth, and act the truth,"he said resolutely, aloud. "I shall tell Missy the truth, tellher I am a profligate and cannot marry her, and have onlyuselessly upset her. I shall tell Mary Vasilievna. . . Oh, thereis nothing to tell her. I shall tell her husband that I,scoundrel that I am, have been deceiving him. I shall dispose ofthe inheritance in such a way as to acknowledge the truth. Ishall tell her, Katusha, that I am a scoundrel and have sinnedtowards her, and will do all I can to ease her lot. Yes, I willsee her, and will ask her to forgive me. + +"Yes, I will beg her pardon, as children do." . . . Hestopped---"will marry her if necessary." He stopped again, foldedhis hands in front of his breast as he used to do when a littlechild, lifted his eyes, and said, addressing some one: "Lord,help me, teach me, come enter within me and purify me of all thisabomination." + +He prayed, asking God to help him, to enter into him and cleansehim; and what he was praying for had happened already: the Godwithin him had awakened his consciousness. He felt himself onewith Him, and therefore felt not only the freedom, fulness andjoy of life, but all the power of righteousness. All, all thebest that a man could do he felt capable of doing. + +His eyes filled with tears as he was saying all this to himself,good and bad tears: good because they were tears of joy at theawakening of the spiritual being within him, the being which hadbeen asleep all these years; and bad tears because they weretears of tenderness to himself at his own goodness. + +He felt hot, and went to the window and opened it. The windowopened into a garden. It was a moonlit, quiet, fresh night; avehicle rattled past, and then all was still. The shadow of atall poplar fell on the ground just opposite the window, and allthe intricate pattern of its bare branches was clearly defined onthe clean swept gravel. To the left the roof of a coach-houseshone white in the moonlight, in front the black shadow of thegarden wall was visible through the tangled branches of thetrees. + +Nekhludoff gazed at the roof, the moonlit garden, and the shadowsof the poplar, and drank in the fresh, invigorating air. + +"How delightful, how delightful; oh, God, how delightful" hesaid, meaning that which was going on in his soul. + +CHAPTER XXIX. + +MASLOVA IN PRISON. + +Maslova reached her cell only at six in the evening, tired andfootsore, having, unaccustomed as she was to walking, gone 10miles on the stony road that day. She was crushed by theunexpectedly severe sentence and tormented by hunger. During thefirst interval of her trial, when the soldiers were eating breadand hard-boiled eggs in her presence, her mouth watered and sherealised she was hungry, but considered it beneath her dignity tobeg of them. Three hours later the desire to eat had passed, andshe felt only weak. It was then she received the unexpectedsentence. At first she thought she had made a mistake; she couldnot imagine herself as a convict in Siberia, and could notbelieve what she heard. But seeing the quiet, business-like facesof judges and jury, who heard this news as if it were perfectlynatural and expected, she grew indignant, and proclaimed loudlyto the whole Court that she was not guilty. Finding that her crywas also taken as something natural and expected, and feelingincapable of altering matters, she was horror-struck and began toweep in despair, knowing that she must submit to the cruel andsurprising injustice that had been done her. What astonished hermost was that young men--or, at any rate, not old men--the samemen who always looked so approvingly at her (one of them, thepublic prosecutor, she had seen in quite a different humour) hadcondemned her. While she was sitting in the prisoners' roombefore the trial and during the intervals, she saw these menlooking in at the open door pretending they had to pass there onsome business, or enter the room and gaze on her with approval.And then, for some unknown reason, these same men had condemnedher to hard labour, though she was innocent of the charge laidagainst her. At first she cried, but then quieted down and satperfectly stunned in the prisoners' room, waiting to be led back.She wanted only two things now--tobacco and strong drink. In thisstate Botchkova and Kartinkin found her when they were led intothe same room after being sentenced. Botchkova began at once toscold her, and call her a "convict." + +"Well! What have you gained? justified yourself, have you? Whatyou have deserved, that you've got. Out in Siberia you'll give upyour finery, no fear!" + +Maslova sat with her hands inside her sleeves, hanging her headand looking in front of her at the dirty floor without moving,only saying: "I don't bother you, so don't you bother me. I don'tbother you, do I?" she repeated this several times, and wassilent again. She did brighten up a little when Botchkova andKartinkin were led away and an attendant brought her threeroubles. + +"Are you Maslova?" he asked. "Here you are; a lady sent it you,"he said, giving her the money. + +"A lady--what lady?" + +"You just take it. I'm not going to talk to you." + +This money was sent by Kitaeva, the keeper of the house in whichshe used to live. As she was leaving the court she turned to theusher with the question whether she might give Maslova a littlemoney. The usher said she might. Having got permission, sheremoved the three-buttoned Swedish kid glove from her plump,white hand, and from an elegant purse brought from the back foldsof her silk skirt took a pile of coupons, [in Russia coupons cutoff interest-bearing papers are often used as money] just cutoff from the interest-bearing papers which she had earned in herestablishment, chose one worth 2 roubles and 50 copecks, addedtwo 20 and one 10-copeck coins, and gave all this to the usher.The usher called an attendant, and in his presence gave themoney. + +"Belease to giff it accurately," said Carolina AlbertovnaKitaeva. + +The attendant was hurt by her want of confidence, and that waswhy he treated Maslova so brusquely. Maslova was glad of themoney, because it could give her the only thing she now desired."If I could but get cigarettes and take a whiff!" she said toherself, and all her thoughts centred on the one desire to smokeand drink. She longed for spirits so that she tasted them andfelt the strength they would give her; and she greedily breathedin the air when the fumes of tobacco reached her from the door ofa room that opened into the corridor. But she had to wait long,for the secretary, who should have given the order for her to go,forgot about the prisoners while talking and even disputing withone of the advocates about the article forbidden by the censor. + +At last, about five o'clock, she was allowed to go, and was ledaway through the back door by her escort, the Nijni man and theTchoovash. Then, still within the entrance to the Law Courts, shegave them 50 copecks, asking them to get her two rolls and somecigarettes. The Tchoovash laughed, took the money, and said, "Allright; I'll get 'em," and really got her the rolls and thecigarettes and honestly returned the change. She was not allowedto smoke on the way, and, with her craving unsatisfied, shecontinued her way to the prison. When she was brought to the gateof the prison, a hundred convicts who had arrived by rail werebeing led in. The convicts, bearded, clean-shaven, old, young,Russians, foreigners, some with their heads shaved and rattlingwith the chains on their feet, filled the anteroom with dust,noise and an acid smell of perspiration. Passing Maslova, all theconvicts looked at her, and some came up to her and brushed heras they passed. + +"Ay, here's a wench--a fine one," said one. + +"My respects to you, miss," said another, winking at her. Onedark man with a moustache, the rest of his face and the back ofhis head clean shaved, rattling with his chains and catching herfeet in them, sprang near and embraced her. + +"What! don't you know your chum? Come, come; don't give yourselfairs," showing his teeth and his eyes glittering when she pushedhim away. + +"You rascal! what are you up to?" shouted the inspector'sassistant, coming in from behind. The convict shrank back andjumped away. The assistant assailed Maslova. + +"What are you here for?" + +Maslova was going to say she had been brought back from the LawCourts, but she was so tired that she did not care to speak. + +"She has returned from the Law Courts, sir," said one of thesoldiers, coming forward with his fingers lifted to his cap. + +"Well, hand her over to the chief warder. I won't have this sortof thing." + +"Yes, sir." + +"Sokoloff, take her in!" shouted the assistant inspector. + +The chief warder came up, gave Maslova a slap on the shoulder,and making a sign with his head for her to follow led her intothe corridor of the women's ward. There she was searched, and asnothing prohibited was found on her (she had hidden her box ofcigarettes inside a roll) she was led to the cell she had left inthe morning. + +CHAPTER XXX. + +THE CELL. + +The cell in which Maslova was imprisoned was a large room 21 feetlong and 10 feet broad; it had two windows and a large stove.Two-thirds of the space were taken up by shelves used as beds.The planks they were made of had warped and shrunk. Opposite thedoor hung a dark-coloured icon with a wax candle sticking to itand a bunch of everlastings hanging down from it. By the door tothe right there was a dark spot on the floor on which stood astinking tub. The inspection had taken place and the women werelocked up for the night. + +The occupants of this room were 15 persons, including threechildren. It was still quite light. Only two of the women werelying down: a consumptive woman imprisoned for theft, and anidiot who spent most of her time in sleep and who was arrestedbecause she had no passport. The consumptive woman was notasleep, but lay with wide open eyes, her cloak folded under herhead, trying to keep back the phlegm that irritated her throat,and not to cough. + +Some of the other women, most of whom had nothing on but coarsebrown holland chemises, stood looking out of the window at theconvicts down in the yard, and some sat sewing. Among the latterwas the old woman, Korableva, who had seen Maslova off in themorning. She was a tall, strong, gloomy-looking woman; her fairhair, which had begun to turn grey on the temples, hung down in ashort plait. She was sentenced to hard labour in Siberia becauseshe had killed her husband with an axe for making up to theirdaughter. She was at the head of the women in the cell, and foundmeans of carrying on a trade in spirits with them. Beside her satanother woman sewing a coarse canvas sack. This was the wife of arailway watchman, [There are small watchmen's cottages atdistances of about one mile from each other along the Russianrailways, and the watchmen or their wives have to meet everytrain.] imprisoned for three months because she did not come outwith the flags to meet a train that was passing, and an accidenthad occurred. She was a short, snub-nosed woman, with small,black eyes; kind and talkative. The third of the women who weresewing was Theodosia, a quiet young girl, white and rosy, verypretty, with bright child's eyes, and long fair plaits which shewore twisted round her head. She was in prison for attempting topoison her husband. She had done this immediately after herwedding (she had been given in marriage without her consent atthe age of 16) because her husband would give her no peace. Butin the eight months during which she had been let out on bail,she had not only made it up with her husband, but come to lovehim, so that when her trial came they were heart and soul to oneanother. Although her husband, her father-in-law, but especiallyher mother-in-law, who had grown very fond of her, did all theycould to get her acquitted, she was sentenced to hard labour inSiberia. The kind, merry, ever-smiling Theodosia had a place nextMaslova's on the shelf bed, and had grown so fond of her that shetook it upon herself as a duty to attend and wait on her. Twoother women were sitting without any work at the other end of theshelf bedstead. One was a woman of about 40, with a pale, thinface, who once probably had been very handsome. She sat with herbaby at her thin, white breast. The crime she had committed wasthat when a recruit was, according to the peasants' view,unlawfully taken from their village, and the people stopped thepolice officer and took the recruit away from him, she (an auntof the lad unlawfully taken) was the first to catch hold of thebridle of the horse on which he was being carried off. The other,who sat doing nothing, was a kindly, grey-haired old woman,hunchbacked and with a flat bosom. She sat behind the stove onthe bedshelf, and pretended to catch a fat four-year-old boy, whoran backwards and forwards in front of her, laughing gaily. Thisboy had only a little shirt on and his hair was cut short. As heran past the old woman he kept repeating, "There, haven't caughtme!" This old woman and her son were accused of incendiarism.She bore her imprisonment with perfect cheerfulness, but wasconcerned about her son, and chiefly about her "old man," who shefeared would get into a terrible state with no one to wash forhim. Besides these seven women, there were four standing at oneof the open windows, holding on to the iron bars. They weremaking signs and shouting to the convicts whom Maslova had metwhen returning to prison, and who were now passing through theyard. One of these women was big and heavy, with a flabby body,red hair, and freckled on her pale yellow face, her hands, andher fat neck. She shouted something in a loud, raucous voice, andlaughed hoarsely. This woman was serving her term for theft.Beside her stood an awkward, dark little woman, no bigger than achild of ten, with a long waist and very short legs, a red,blotchy face, thick lips which did not hide her long teeth, andeyes too far apart. She broke by fits and starts into screechinglaughter at what was going on in the yard. She was to be triedfor stealing and incendiarism. They called her Khoroshavka.Behind her, in a very dirty grey chemise, stood a thin,miserable-looking pregnant woman, who was to be tried forconcealment of theft. This woman stood silent, but kept smilingwith pleasure and approval at what was going on below. With thesestood a peasant woman of medium height, the mother of the boy whowas playing with the old woman and of a seven-year-old girl.These were in prison with her because she had no one to leavethem with. She was serving her term of imprisonment for illicitsale of spirits. She stood a little further from the windowknitting a stocking, and though she listened to the otherprisoners' words she shook her head disapprovingly, frowned, andclosed her eyes. But her seven-year-old daughter stood in herlittle chemise, her flaxen hair done up in a little pigtail, herblue eyes fixed, and, holding the red-haired woman by the skirt,attentively listened to the words of abuse that the women and theconvicts flung at each other, and repeated them softly, as iflearning them by heart. The twelfth prisoner, who paid noattention to what was going on, was a very tall, stately girl,the daughter of a deacon, who had drowned her baby in a well. Shewent about with bare feet, wearing only a dirty chemise. Thethick, short plait of her fair hair had come undone and hung downdishevelled, and she paced up and down the free space of thecell, not looking at any one, turning abruptly every time shecame up to the wall. + +CHAPTER XXXI. + +THE PRISONERS. + +When the padlock rattled and the door opened to let Maslova intothe cell, all turned towards her. Even the deacon's daughterstopped for a moment and looked at her with lifted brows beforeresuming her steady striding up and down. + +Korableva stuck her needle into the brown sacking and lookedquestioningly at Maslova through her spectacles. "Eh, eh, dearyme, so you have come back. And I felt sure they'd acquit you. Soyou've got it?" She took off her spectacles and put her work downbeside her on the shelf bed. + +"And here have I and the old lady been saying, 'Why, it may wellbe they'll let her go free at once.' Why, it happens, ducky,they'll even give you a heap of money sometimes, that's sure,"the watchman's wife began, in her singing voice: "Yes, we werewondering, 'Why's she so long?' And now just see what it is.Well, our guessing was no use. The Lord willed otherwise," shewent on in musical tones. + +"Is it possible? Have they sentenced you?" asked Theodosia, withconcern, looking at Maslova with her bright blue, child-likeeyes; and her merry young face changed as if she were going tocry. + +Maslova did not answer, but went on to her place, the second fromthe end, and sat down beside Korableva. + +"Have you eaten anything?" said Theodosia, rising and coming upto Maslova. + +Maslova gave no reply, but putting the rolls on the bedstead,took off her dusty cloak, the kerchief off her curly black head,and began pulling off her shoes. The old woman who had beenplaying with the boy came up and stood in front of Maslova. "Tz,tz, tz," she clicked with her tongue, shaking her head pityingly.The boy also came up with her, and, putting out his upper lip,stared with wide open eyes at the roll Maslova had brought. WhenMaslova saw the sympathetic faces of her fellow-prisoners, herlips trembled and she felt inclined to cry, but she succeeded inrestraining herself until the old woman and the boy came up.When she heard the kind, pitying clicking of the old woman'stongue, and met the boy's serious eyes turned from the roll toher face, she could bear it no longer; her face quivered and sheburst into sobs. + +"Didn't I tell you to insist on having a proper advocate?" saidNorableva. "Well, what is it? Exile?" + +Maslova could not answer, but took from inside the roll a box ofcigarettes, on which was a picture of a lady with hair done upvery high and dress cut low in front, and passed the box toKorableva. Korableva looked at it and shook her head, chieflybecause see did not approve of Maslova's putting her money tosuch bad use; but still she took out a cigarette, lit it at thelamp, took a puff, and almost forced it into Maslova's hand.Maslova, still crying, began greedily to inhale the tobaccosmoke. "Penal servitude," she muttered, blowing out the smoke andsobbing. + +"Don't they fear the Lord, the cursed soul-slayers?" mutteredKorableva, "sentencing the lass for nothing." At this moment thesound of loud, coarse laughter came from the women who were stillat the window. The little girl also laughed, and her childishtreble mixed with the hoarse and screeching laughter of theothers. One of the convicts outside had done something thatproduced this effect on the onlookers. + +"Lawks! see the shaved hound, what he's doing," said thered-haired woman, her whole fat body shaking with laughter; andleaning against the grating she shouted meaning less obscenewords. + +"Ugh, the fat fright's cackling," said Korableva, who dislikedthe red-haired woman. Then, turning to Maslova again, she asked:"How many years?" + +"Four," said Maslova, and the tears ran down her cheeks in suchprofusion that one fell on the cigarette. Maslova crumpled it upangrily and took another. + +Though the watchman's wife did not smoke she picked up thecigarette Maslova had thrown away and began straightening it out,talking unceasingly. + +"There, now, ducky, so it's true," she said. "Truth's gone to thedogs and they do what they please, and here we were guessing thatyou'd go free. Norableva says, 'She'll go free.' I say, 'No,' sayI. 'No, dear, my heart tells me they'll give it her.' And so it'sturned out," she went on, evidently listening with pleasure toher own voice. + +The women who had been standing by the window now also came up toMaslova, the convicts who had amused them having gone away. Thefirst to come up were the woman imprisoned for illicit trade inspirits, and her little girl. "Why such a hard sentence?" askedthe woman, sitting down by Maslova and knitting fast. + +"Why so hard? Because there's no money. That's why! Had therebeen money, and had a good lawyer that's up to their tricks beenhired, they'd have acquitted her, no fear," said Korableva."There's what's-his-name--that hairy one with the long nose. He'dbring you out clean from pitch, mum, he would. Ah, if we'd onlyhad him!" + +"Him, indeed," said Khoroshavka. "Why, he won't spit at you forless than a thousand roubles." + +"Seems you've been born under an unlucky star," interrupted theold woman who was imprisoned for incendiarism. "Only think, toentice the lad's wife and lock him himself up to feed vermin, andme, too, in my old days--" she began to retell her story for thehundredth time. "If it isn't the beggar's staff it's the prison.Yes, the beggar's staff and the prison don't wait for aninvitation." + +"Ah, it seems that's the way with all of them," said the spirittrader; and after looking at her little girl she put down herknitting, and, drawing the child between her knees, began tosearch her head with deft fingers. "Why do you sell spirits?" shewent on. "Why? but what's one to feed the children on?" + +These words brought back to Maslova's mind her craving for drink. + +"A little vodka," she said to Korableva, wiping the tears withher sleeve and sobbing less frequently. + +"All right, fork out," said Korableva. + +CHAPTER XXXII. + +A PRISON QUARREL. + +Maslova got the money, which she had also hidden in a roll, andpassed the coupon to Korableva. Korableva accepted it, though shecould not read, trusting to Khoroshavka, who knew everything, andwho said that the slip of paper was worth 2 roubles 50 copecks,then climbed up to the ventilator, where she had hidden a smallflask of vodka. Seeing this, the women whose places were furtheroff went away. Meanwhile Maslova shook the dust out of her cloakand kerchief, got up on the bedstead, and began eating a roll. + +"I kept your tea for you," said Theodosia, getting down from theshelf a mug and a tin teapot wrapped in a rag, "but I'm afraid itis quite cold." The liquid was quite cold and tasted more of tinthan of tea, yet Maslova filled the mug and began drinking itwith her roll. "Finashka, here you are," she said, breaking off abit of the roll and giving it to the boy, who stood looking ather mouth. + +Meanwhile Korableva handed the flask of vodka and a mug toMaslova, who offered some to her and to Khoroshavka. Theseprisoners were considered the aristocracy of the cell becausethey had some money, and shared what they possessed with theothers. + +In a few moments Maslova brightened up and related merrily whathad happened at the court, and what had struck her most, i.e.,how all the men had followed her wherever she went. In the courtthey all looked at her, she said, and kept coming into theprisoners' room while she was there. + +"One of the soldiers even says, 'It's all to look at you thatthey come.' One would come in, 'Where is such a paper?' orsomething, but I see it is not the paper he wants; he justdevours me with his eyes," she said, shaking her head. "Regularartists." + +"Yes, that's so," said the watchman's wife, and ran on in hermusical strain, "they're like flies after sugar." + +"And here, too," Maslova interrupted her, "the same thing. Theycan do without anything else. But the likes of them will gowithout bread sooner than miss that! Hardly had they brought meback when in comes a gang from the railway. They pestered me so,I did not know how to rid myself of them. Thanks to theassistant, he turned them off. One bothered so, I hardly gotaway." + +"What's he like?" asked Khoroshevka. + +"Dark, with moustaches." + +"It must be him." + +"Him--who?" + +"Why, Schegloff; him as has just gone by." + +"What's he, this Schegloff?" + +"What, she don't know Schegloff? Why, he ran twice from Siberia.Now they've got him, but he'll run away. The warders themselvesare afraid of him," said Khoroshavka, who managed to exchangenotes with the male prisoners and knew all that went on in theprison. "He'll run away, that's flat." + +"If he does go away you and I'll have to stay," said Korableva,turning to Maslova, "but you'd better tell us now what theadvocate says about petitioning. Now's the time to hand it in." + +Maslova answered that she knew nothing about it. + +At that moment the red-haired woman came up to the "aristocracy"with both freckled hands in her thick hair, scratching her headwith her nails. + +"I'll tell you all about it, Katerina," she began. "First andforemost, you'll have to write down you're dissatisfied with thesentence, then give notice to the Procureur." + +"What do you want here?" said Korableva angrily; "smell thevodka, do you? Your chatter's not wanted. We know what to dowithout your advice." + +"No one's speaking to you; what do you stick your nose in for?" + +"It's vodka you want; that's why you come wriggling yourself inhere." + +"Well, offer her some," said Maslova, always ready to shareanything she possessed with anybody. + +"I'll offer her something." + +"Come on then," said the red-haired one, advancing towardsKorableva. "Ah! think I'm afraid of such as you?" + +"Convict fright!" + +"That's her as says it." + +"Slut!" + +"I? A slut? Convict! Murderess!" screamed the red-haired one. + +"Go away, I tell you," said Korableva gloomily, but thered-haired one came nearer and Korableva struck her in the chest.The red-haired woman seemed only to have waited for this, andwith a sudden movement caught hold of Korableva's hair with onehand and with the other struck her in the face. Korableva seizedthis hand, and Maslova and Khoroshavka caught the red-hairedwoman by her arms, trying to pull her away, but she let go theold woman's hair with her hand only to twist it round her fist.Korableva, with her head bent to one side, was dealing out blowswith one arm and trying to catch the red-haired woman's hand withher teeth, while the rest of the women crowded round, screamingand trying to separate the fighters; even the consumptive onecame up and stood coughing and watching the fight. The childrencried and huddled together. The noise brought the woman warderand a jailer. The fighting women were separated; and Korableva,taking out the bits of torn hair from her head, and thered-haired one, holding her torn chemise together over her yellowbreast, began loudly to complain. + +"I know, it's all the vodka. Wait a bit; I'll tell the inspectortomorrow. He'll give it you. Can't I smell it? Mind, get it allout of the way, or it will be the worse for you," said thewarder. "We've no time to settle your disputes. Get to yourplaces and be quiet." + +But quiet was not soon re-established. For a long time the womenwent on disputing and explaining to one another whose fault itall was. At last the warder and the jailer left the cell, thewomen grew quieter and began going to bed, and the old woman wentto the icon and commenced praying. + +"The two jailbirds have met," the red-haired woman suddenlycalled out in a hoarse voice from the other end of the shelfbeds, accompanying every word with frightfully vile abuse. + +"Mind you don't get it again," Korableva replied, also addingwords of abuse, and both were quiet again. + +"Had I not been stopped I'd have pulled your damned eyes out,"again began the red-haired one, and an answer of the same kindfollowed from Korableva. Then again a short interval and moreabuse. But the intervals became longer and longer, as when athunder-cloud is passing, and at last all was quiet. + +All were in bed, some began to snore; and only the old woman, whoalways prayed a long time, went on bowing before the icon and thedeacon's daughter, who had got up after the warder left, waspacing up and down the room again. Maslova kept thinking that shewas now a convict condemned to hard labour, and had twice beenreminded of this--once by Botchkova and once by the red-hairedwoman--and she could not reconcile herself to the thought.Korableva, who lay next to her, turned over in her bed. + +"There now," said Maslova in a low voice; "who would have thoughtit? See what others do and get nothing for it." + +"Never mind, girl. People manage to live in Siberia. As for you,you'll not be lost there either," Korableva said, trying tocomfort her. + +"I know I'll not be lost; still it is hard. It's not such a fateI want--I, who am used to a comfortable life." + +"Ah, one can't go against God," said Korableva, with a sigh."One can't, my dear." + +"I know, granny. Still, it's hard." + +They were silent for a while. + +"Do you hear that baggage?" whispered Korableva, drawingMaslova's attention to a strange sound proceeding from the otherend of the room. + +This sound was the smothered sobbing of the red-haired woman. Thered-haired woman was crying because she had been abused and hadnot got any of the vodka she wanted so badly; also because sheremembered how all her life she had been abused, mocked at,offended, beaten. Remembering this, she pitied herself, and,thinking no one heard her, began crying as children cry, sniffingwith her nose and swallowing the salt tears. + +"I'm sorry for her," said Maslova. + +"Of course one is sorry," said Korableva, "but she shouldn't comebothering." Resurrection + +CHAPTER XXXIII. + +THE LEAVEN AT WORK--NEKHLUDOFF'S DOMESTIC CHANGES. + +The next morning Nekhludoff awoke, conscious that something hadhappened to him, and even before he had remembered what it was heknew it to be something important and good. + +"Katusha--the trial!" Yes, he must stop lying and tell the wholetruth. + +By a strange coincidence on that very morning he received thelong-expected letter from Mary Vasilievna, the wife of theMarechal de Noblesse, the very letter he particularly needed.She gave him full freedom, and wished him happiness in hisintended marriage. + +"Marriage!" he repeated with irony. "How far I am from all thatat present." + +And he remembered the plans he had formed the day before, to tellthe husband everything, to make a clean breast of it, and expresshis readiness to give him any kind of satisfaction. But thismorning this did not seem so easy as the day before. And, then,also, why make a man unhappy by telling him what he does notknow? Yes, if he came and asked, he would tell him all, but to gopurposely and tell--no! that was unnecessary. + +And telling the whole truth to Missy seemed just as difficultthis morning. Again, he could not begin to speak without offence.As in many worldly affairs, something had to remain unexpressed.Only one thing he decided on, i.e., not to visit there, and totell the truth if asked. + +But in connection with Katusha, nothing was to remain unspoken."I shall go to the prison and shall tell her every thing, and askher to forgive me. And if need be--yes, if need be, I shall marryher," he thought. + +This idea, that he was ready to sacrifice all on moral grounds,and marry her, again made him feel very tender towards himself.Concerning money matters he resolved this morning to arrange themin accord with his conviction, that the holding of landedproperty was unlawful. Even if he should not be strong enough togive up everything, he would still do what he could, notdeceiving himself or others. + +It was long since he had met the coming day with so much energy.When Agraphena Petrovna came in, he told her, with more firmnessthan he thought himself capable of, that he no longer needed thislodging nor her services. There had been a tacit understandingthat he was keeping up so large and expensive an establishmentbecause he was thinking of getting married. The giving up of thehouse had, therefore, a special meaning. Agraphena Petrovnalooked at him in surprise. + +"I thank you very much, Agraphena Petrovna, for all your care forme, but I no longer require so large a house nor so manyservants. If you wish to help me, be so good as to settle aboutthe things, put them away as it used to be done during mamma'slife, and when Natasha comes she will see to everything." Natashawas Nekhludoff's sister. + +Agraphena Petrovna shook her head. "See about the things? Why,they'll be required again," she said. + +"No, they won't, Agraphena Petrovna; I assure you they won't berequired," said Nekhludoff, in answer to what the shaking of herhead had expressed. "Please tell Corney also that I shall pay himtwo months' wages, but shall have no further need of him." + +"It is a pity, Dmitri Ivanovitch, that you should think of doingthis," she said. "Well, supposing you go abroad, still you'llrequire a place of residence again." + +"You are mistaken in your thoughts, Agraphena Petrovna; I am notgoing abroad. If I go on a journey, it will be to quite adifferent place." He suddenly blushed very red. "Yes, I must tellher," he thought; "no hiding; everybody must be told." + +"A very strange and important thing happened to me yesterday. Doyou remember my Aunt Mary Ivanovna's Katusha?" + +"Oh, yes. Why, I taught her how to sew." + +"Well, this Katusha was tried in the Court and I was on thejury." + +"Oh, Lord! What a pity!" cried Agraphena Petrovna. What was shebeing tried for?" + +"Murder; and it is I have done it all." + +"Well, now this is very strange; how could you do it all?" + +"Yes, I am the cause of it all; and it is this that has alteredall my plans." + +"What difference can it make to you?" + +"This difference: that I, being the cause of her getting on tothat path, must do all I can to help her." + +"That is just according to your own good pleasure; you are notparticularly in fault there. It happens to every one, and ifone's reasonable, it all gets smoothed over and forgotten," shesaid, seriously and severely. "Why should you place it to youraccount? There's no need. I had already heard before that she hadstrayed from the right path. Well, whose fault is it?" + +"Mine! that's why I want to put it right." + +"It is hard to put right." + +"That is my business. But if you are thinking about yourself,then I will tell you that, as mamma expressed the wish--" + +"I am not thinking about myself. I have been so bountifullytreated by the dear defunct, that I desire nothing. Lisenka" (hermarried niece) "has been inviting me, and I shall go to her whenI am not wanted any longer. Only it is a pity you should takethis so to heart; it happens to everybody." + +"Well, I do not think so. And I still beg that you will help melet this lodging and put away the things. And please do not beangry with me. I am very, very grateful to you for all you havedone." + +And, strangely, from the moment Nekhludoff realised that it washe who was so bad and disgusting to himself, others were nolonger disgusting to him; on the contrary, he felt a kindlyrespect for Agraphena Petrovna, and for Corney. + +He would have liked to go and confess to Corney also, butCorney's manner was so insinuatingly deferential that he had notthe resolution to do it. + +On the way to the Law Courts, passing along the same streets withthe same isvostchik as the day before, he was surprised what adifferent being he felt himself to be. The marriage with Missy,which only yesterday seemed so probable, appeared quiteimpossible now. The day before he felt it was for him to choose,and had no doubts that she would be happy to marry him; to-day hefelt himself unworthy not only of marrying, but even of beingintimate with her. "If she only knew what I am, nothing wouldinduce her to receive me. And only yesterday I was finding faultwith her because she flirted with N---. Anyhow, even if sheconsented to marry me, could I be, I won't say happy, but atpeace, knowing that the other was here in prison, and wouldto-day or to-morrow he taken to Siberia with a gang of otherprisoners, while I accepted congratulations and made calls withmy young wife; or while I count the votes at the meetings, forand against the motion brought forward by the rural inspection,etc., together with the Marechal de Noblesse, whom I abominablydeceive, and afterwards make appointments with his wife (howabominable!) or while I continue to work at my picture, whichwill certainly never get finished? Besides, I have no business towaste time on such things. I can do nothing of the kind now," hecontinued to himself, rejoicing at the change he felt withinhimself. "The first thing now is to see the advocate and find outhis decision, and then . . . then go and see her and tell hereverything." + +And when he pictured to himself how he would see her, and tellher all, confess his sin to her, and tell her that he would doall in his power to atone for his sin, he was touched at his owngoodness, and the tears came to his eyes. + +CHAPTER XXXIV. + +THE ABSURDITY OF LAW--REFLECTIONS OF A JURYMAN. + +On coming into the Law Courts Nekhludoff met the usher ofyesterday, who to-day seemed to him much to be pitied, in thecorridor, and asked him where those prisoners who had beensentenced were kept, and to whom one had to apply for permissionto visit them. The usher told him that the condemned prisonerswere kept in different places, and that, until they receivedtheir sentence in its final form, the permission to visit themdepended on the president. "I'll come and call you myself, andtake you to the president after the session. The president is noteven here at present. After the session! And now please come in;we are going to commence." + +Nekhludoff thanked the usher for his kindness, and went into thejurymen's room. As he was approaching the room, the other jurymenwere just leaving it to go into the court. The merchant had againpartaken of a little refreshment, and was as merry as the daybefore, and greeted Nekhludoff like an old friend. And to-dayPeter Gerasimovitch did not arouse any unpleasant feelings inNekhludoff by his familiarity and his loud laughter. Nekhludoffwould have liked to tell all the jurymen about his relations toyesterday's prisoner. "By rights," he thought, "I ought to havegot up yesterday during the trial and disclosed my guilt." + +He entered the court with the other jurymen, and witnessed thesame procedure as the day before. + +"The judges are coming," was again proclaimed, and again threemen, with embroidered collars, ascended the platform, and therewas the same settling of the jury on the high-backed chairs, thesame gendarmes, the same portraits, the same priest, andNekhludoff felt that, though he knew what he ought to do, hecould not interrupt all this solemnity. The preparations for thetrials were just the same as the day before, excepting that theswearing in of the jury and the president's address to them wereomitted. + +The case before the Court this day was one of burglary. Theprisoner, guarded by two gendarmes with naked swords, was a thin,narrow-chested lad of 20, with a bloodless, sallow face, dressedin a grey cloak. He sat alone in the prisoner's dock. This boywas accused of having, together with a companion, broken the lockof a shed and stolen several old mats valued at 3 roubles [therouble is worth a little over two shillings, and contains 100copecks] and 67 copecks. According to the indictment, apoliceman had stopped this boy as he was passing with hiscompanion, who was carrying the mats on his shoulder. The boy andhis companion confessed at once, and were both imprisoned. Theboy's companion, a locksmith, died in prison, and so the boy wasbeing tried alone. The old mats were lying on the table as theobjects of material evidence. The business was conducted just inthe same manner as the day before, with the whole armoury ofevidence, proofs, witnesses, swearing in, questions, experts, andcross-examinations. In answer to every question put to him by thepresident, the prosecutor, or the advocate, the policeman (one ofthe witnesses) in variably ejected the words: "just so," or"Can't tell." Yet, in spite of his being stupefied, and rendereda mere machine by military discipline, his reluctance to speakabout the arrest of this prisoner was evident. Another witness,an old house proprietor, and owner of the mats, evidently a richold man, when asked whether the mats were his, reluctantlyidentified them as such. When the public prosecutor asked himwhat he meant to do with these mats, what use they were to him,he got angry, and answered: "The devil take those mats; I don'twant them at all. Had I known there would be all this botherabout them I should not have gone looking for them, but wouldrather have added a ten-rouble note or two to them, only not tobe dragged here and pestered with questions. I have spent a loton isvostchiks. Besides, I am not well. I have been sufferingfrom rheumatism for the last seven years." It was thus thewitness spoke. + +The accused himself confessed everything, and looking roundstupidly, like an animal that is caught, related how it had allhappened. Still the public prosecutor, drawing up his shouldersas he had done the day before, asked subtle questions calculatedto catch a cunning criminal. + +In his speech he proved that the theft had been committed from adwelling-place, and a lock had been broken; and that the boy,therefore, deserved a heavy punishment. The advocate appointed bythe Court proved that the theft was not committed from adwelling-place, and that, though the crime was a serious one, theprisoner was not so very dangerous to society as the prosecutorstated. The president assumed the role of absolute neutrality inthe same way as he had done on the previous day, and impressed onthe jury facts which they all knew and could not help knowing.Then came an interval, just as the day before, and they smoked;and again the usher called out "The judges are coming," and inthe same way the two gendarmes sat trying to keep awake andthreatening the prisoner with their naked weapons. + +The proceedings showed that this boy was apprenticed by hisfather at a tobacco factory, where he remained five years. Thisyear he had been discharged by the owner after a strike, and,having lost his place, he wandered about the town without anywork, drinking all he possessed. In a traktir [cheap restaurant]he met another like himself, who had lost his place before theprisoner had, a locksmith by trade and a drunkard. One night,those two, both drunk, broke the lock of a shed and took thefirst thing they happened to lay hands on. They confessed all andwere put in prison, where the locksmith died while awaiting thetrial. The boy was now being tried as a dangerous creature, fromwhom society must be protected. + +"Just as dangerous a creature as yesterday's culprit," thoughtNekhludoff, listening to all that was going on before him. "Theyare dangerous, and we who judge them? I, a rake, an adulterer, adeceiver. We are not dangerous. But, even supposing that this boyis the most dangerous of all that are here in the court, whatshould he done from a common-sense point of view when he hasbeen caught? It is clear that he is not an exceptional evil-doer,but a most ordinary boy; every one sees it--and that he hasbecome what he is simply because he got into circumstances thatcreate such characters, and, therefore, to prevent such a boyfrom going wrong the circumstances that create these unfortunatebeings must be done away with. + +"But what do we do? We seize one such lad who happens to getcaught, knowing well that there are thousands like him whom wehave not caught, and send him to prison, where idleness, or mostunwholesome, useless labour is forced on him, in company ofothers weakened and ensnared by the lives they have led. And thenwe send him, at the public expense, from the Moscow to theIrkoutsk Government, in company with the most depraved of men. + +"But we do nothing to destroy the conditions in which people likethese are produced; on the contrary, we support theestablishments where they are formed. These establishments arewell known: factories, mills, workshops, public-houses,gin-shops, brothels. And we do not destroy these places, but,looking at them as necessary, we support and regulate them. Weeducate in this way not one, but millions of people, and thencatch one of them and imagine that we have done something, thatwe have guarded ourselves, and nothing more can be expected ofus. Have we not sent him from the Moscow to the IrkoutskGovernment?" Thus thought Nekhludoff with unusual clearness andvividness, sitting in his high-backed chair next to the colonel,and listening to the different intonations of the advocates',prosecutor's, and president's voices, and looking at theirself-confident gestures. "And how much and what hard effort thispretence requires," continued Nekhludoff in his mind, glancinground the enormous room, the portraits, lamps, armchairs,uniforms, the thick walls and large windows; and picturing tohimself the tremendous size of the building, and the still moreponderous dimensions of the whole of this organisation, with itsarmy of officials, scribes, watchmen, messengers, not only inthis place, but all over Russia, who receive wages for carryingon this comedy which no one needs. "Supposing we spentone-hundredth of these efforts helping these castaways, whom wenow only regard as hands and bodies, required by us for our ownpeace and comfort. Had some one chanced to take pity on him andgiven some help at the time when poverty made them send him totown, it might have been sufficient," Nekhludoff thought, lookingat the boy's piteous face. "Or even later, when, after 12 hours'work at the factory, he was going to the public-house, led awayby his companions, had some one then come and said, 'Don't go,Vania; it is not right,' he would not have gone, nor got into badways, and would not have done any wrong. + +"But no; no one who would have taken pity on him came across thisapprentice in the years he lived like a poor little animal in thetown, and with his hair cut close so as not to breed vermin, andran errands for the workmen. No, all he heard and saw, from theolder workmen and his companions, since he came to live in town,was that he who cheats, drinks, swears, who gives another athrashing, who goes on the loose, is a fine fellow. Ill, hisconstitution undermined by unhealthy labour, drink, anddebauchery--bewildered as in a dream, knocking aimlessly abouttown, he gets into some sort of a shed, and takes from there someold mats, which nobody needs--and here we, all of us educatedpeople, rich or comfortably off, meet together, dressed in goodclothes and fine uniforms, in a splendid apartment, to mock thisunfortunate brother of ours whom we ourselves have ruined. + +"Terrible! It is difficult to say whether the cruelty or theabsurdity is greater, but the one and the other seem to reachtheir climax." + +Nekhludoff thought all this, no longer listening to what wasgoing on , and he was horror-struck by that which was beingrevealed to him. He could not understand why he had not been ableto see all this before, and why others were unable to see it. + +CHAPTER XXXV. + +THE PROCUREUR--NEKHLUDOFF REFUSES TO SERVE. + +During an interval Nekhludoff got up and went out into thecorridor, with the intention of not returning to the court. Letthem do what they liked with him, he could take no more part inthis awful and horrid tomfoolery. + +Having inquired where the Procureur's cabinet was he wentstraight to him. The attendant did not wish to let him in, sayingthat the Procureur was busy, but Nekhludoff paid no heed and wentto the door, where he was met by an official. He asked to beannounced to the Procureur, saying he was on the jury and had avery important communication to make. + +His title and good clothes were of assistance to him. Theofficial announced him to the Procureur, and Nekhludoff was letin. The Procureur met him standing, evidently annoyed at thepersistence with which Nekhludoff demanded admittance. + +"What is it you want?" the Procureur asked, severely. + +"I am on the jury; my name is Nekhludoff, and it is absolutelynecessary for me to see the prisoner Maslova," Nekhludoff said,quickly and resolutely, blushing, and feeling that he was takinga step which would have a decisive influence on his life. + +The Procureur was a short, dark man, with short, grizzly hair,quick, sparkling eyes, and a thick beard cut close on hisprojecting lower jaw. + +"Maslova? Yes, of course, I know. She was accused of poisoning,"the Procureur said, quietly. "But why do you want to see her?"And then, as if wishing to tone down his question, he added, "Icannot give you the permission without knowing why you requireit." + +"I require it for a particularly important reason." + +"Yes?" said the Procureur, and, lifting his eyes, lookedattentively at Nekhludoff. "Has her case been heard or not?" + +"She was tried yesterday, and unjustly sentenced; she isinnocent." + +"Yes? If she was sentenced only yesterday," went on theProcureur, paying no attention to Nekhludoff's statementconcerning Maslova's innocence, "she must still he in thepreliminary detention prison until the sentence is delivered inits final form. Visiting is allowed there only on certain days; Ishould advise you to inquire there." + +"But I must see her as soon as possible," Nekhludoff said, hisjaw trembling as he felt the decisive moment approaching. + +"Why must you?" said the Procureur, lifting his brows with someagitation. + +"Because I betrayed her and brought her to the condition whichexposed her to this accusation." + +"All the same, I cannot see what it has to do with visiting her." + +"This: that whether I succeed or not in getting the sentencechanged I want to follow her, and--marry her," said Nekhludoff,touched to tears by his own conduct, and at the same time pleasedto see the effect he produced on the Procureur. + +"Really! Dear me!" said the Procureur. "This is certainly a veryexceptional case. I believe you are a member of the Krasnoporskrural administration?" he asked, as if he remembered having heardbefore of this Nekhludoff, who was now making so strange adeclaration. + +"I beg your pardon, but I do not think that has anything to dowith my request," answered Nekhludoff, flushing angrily. + +"Certainly not," said the Procureur, with a scarcely perceptiblesmile and not in the least abashed; "only your wish is soextraordinary and so out of the common." + +"Well; but can I get the permission?" + +"The permission? Yes, I will give you an order of admittancedirectly. Take a seat." + +He went up to the table, sat down, and began to write. "Pleasesit down." + +Nekhludoff continued to stand. + +Having written an order of admittance, and handed it toNekhludoff, the Procureur looked curiously at him. + +"I must also state that I can no longer take part in thesessions." + +"Then you will have to lay valid reasons before the Court, asyou, of course, know." + +"My reasons are that I consider all judging not only useless, butimmoral." + +"Yes," said the Procureur, with the same scarcely perceptiblesmile, as if to show that this kind of declaration was well knownto him and belonged to the amusing sort. "Yes, but you willcertainly understand that I as Procureur, can not agree with youon this point. Therefore, I should advise you to apply to theCourt, which will consider your declaration, and find it valid ornot valid, and in the latter case will impose a fine. Apply,then, to the Court." + +"I have made my declaration, and shall apply nowhere else,"Nekhludoff said, angrily. + +"Well, then, good-afternoon," said the Procureur, bowing hishead, evidently anxious to be rid of this strange visitor. + +"Who was that you had here?" asked one of the members of theCourt, as he entered, just after Nekhludoff left the room. + +"Nekhludoff, you know; the same that used to make all sorts ofstrange statements at the Krasnoporsk rural meetings. Just fancy!He is on the jury, and among the prisoners there is a woman orgirl sentenced to penal servitude, whom he says he betrayed, andnow he wants to marry her." + +"You don't mean to say so." + +"That's what he told me. And in such a strange state ofexcitement!" + +"There is something abnormal in the young men of to-day." + +"Oh, but he is not so very young." + +"Yes. But how tiresome your famous Ivoshenka was. He carries theday by wearying one out. He talked and talked without end." + +"Oh, that kind of people should be simply stopped, or they willbecome real obstructionists." + +CHAPTER XXXVI. + +NEKHLUDOFF ENDEAVOURS TO VISIT MASLOVA. + +From the Procureur Nekhludoff went straight to the preliminarydetention prison. However, no Maslova was to be found there, andthe inspector explained to Nekhludoff that she would probably bein the old temporary prison. Nekhludoff went there. + +Yes, Katerina Maslova was there. + +The distance between the two prisons was enormous, and Nekhludoffonly reached the old prison towards evening. He was going up tothe door of the large, gloomy building, but the sentinel stoppedhim and rang. A warder came in answer to the bell. Nekhludoffshowed him his order of admittance, but the warder said he couldnot let him in without the inspector's permission. Nekhludoffwent to see the inspector. As he was going up the stairs he hearddistant sounds of some complicated bravura, played on the piano.When a cross servant girl, with a bandaged eye, opened the doorto him, those sounds seemed to escape from the room and to strikehis car. It was a rhapsody of Liszt's, that everybody was tiredof, splendidly played but only to one point. When that point wasreached the same thing was repeated. Nekhludoff asked thebandaged maid whether the inspector was in. She answered that hewas not in. + +"Will he return soon?" + +The rhapsody again stopped and recommenced loudly and brilliantlyagain up to the same charmed point. + +"I will go and ask," and the servant went away. + +"Tell him he is not in and won't be to-day; he is out visiting.What do they come bothering for?" came the sound of a woman'svoice from behind the door, and again the rhapsody rattled on andstopped, and the sound of a chair pushed back was heard. It wasplain the irritated pianist meant to rebuke the tiresome visitor,who had come at an untimely hour. "Papa is not in," a pale girlwith crimped hair said, crossly, coming out into the ante-room,but, seeing a young man in a good coat, she softened. + +"Come in, please. . . . What is it you want?" + +"I want to see a prisoner in this prison." + +"A political one, I suppose?" + +"No, not a political one. I have a permission from theProcureur." + +"Well, I don't know, and papa is out; but come in, please," shesaid, again, "or else speak to the assistant. He is in the officeat present; apply there. What is your name?" + +"I thank you," said Nekhludoff, without answering her question,and went out. + +The door was not yet closed after him when the same lively tonesrecommenced. In the courtyard Nekhludoff met an officer withbristly moustaches, and asked for the assistant-inspector. It wasthe assistant himself. He looked at the order of admittance, butsaid that he could not decide to let him in with a pass for thepreliminary prison. Besides, it was too late. "Please to comeagain to-morrow. To morrow, at 10, everybody is allowed to go in.Come then, and the inspector himself will be at home. Then youcan have the interview either in the common room or, if theinspector allows it, in the office." + +And so Nekhludoff did not succeed in getting an interview thatday, and returned home. As he went along the streets, excited atthe idea of meeting her, he no longer thought about the LawCourts, but recalled his conversations with the Procureur and theinspector's assistant. The fact that he had been seeking aninterview with her, and had told the Procureur, and had been intwo prisons, so excited him that it was long before he could calmdown. When he got home he at once fetched out his diary, that hadlong remained untouched, read a few sentences out of it, and thenwrote as follows: + +"For two years I have not written anything in my diary, andthought I never should return to this childishness. Yet it is notchildishness, but converse with my own self, with this realdivine self which lives in every man. All this time that I sleptthere was no one for me to converse with. I was awakened by anextraordinary event on the 28th of April, in the Law Court, whenI was on the jury. I saw her in the prisoners' dock, the Katushabetrayed by me, in a prisoner's cloak, condemned to penalservitude through a strange mistake, and my own fault. I havejust been to the Procureur's and to the prison, but I was notadmitted. I have resolved to do all I can to see her, to confessto her, and to atone for my sin, even by a marriage. God help me.My soul is at peace and I am full of joy." + +CHAPTER XXXVII. + +MASLOVA RECALLS THE PAST. + +That night Maslova lay awake a long time with her eyes openlooking at the door, in front of which the deacon's daughter keptpassing. She was thinking that nothing would induce her to go tothe island of Sakhalin and marry a convict, but would arrangematters somehow with one of the prison officials, the secretary,a warder, or even a warder's assistant. "Aren't they all giventhat way? Only I must not get thin, or else I am lost." + +She thought of how the advocate had looked at her, and also thepresident, and of the men she met, and those who came in onpurpose at the court. She recollected how her companion, Bertha,who came to see her in prison, had told her about the studentwhom she had "loved" while she was with Kitaeva, and who hadinquired about her, and pitied her very much. She recalled manyto mind, only not Nekhludoff. She never brought back to mind thedays of her childhood and youth, and her love to Nekhludoff.That would have been too painful. These memories lay untouchedsomewhere deep in her soul; she had forgotten him, and neverrecalled and never even dreamt of him. To-day, in the court, shedid not recognise him, not only because when she last saw him hewas in uniform, without a beard, and had only a small moustacheand thick, curly, though short hair, and now was bald andbearded, but because she never thought about him. She had buriedhis memory on that terrible dark night when he, returning fromthe army, had passed by on the railway without stopping to callon his aunts. Katusha then knew her condition. Up to that nightshe did not consider the child that lay beneath her heart aburden. But on that night everything changed, and the childbecame nothing but a weight. + +His aunts had expected Nekhludoff, had asked him to come and seethem in passing, but he had telegraphed that he could not come,as he had to be in Petersburg at an appointed time. When Katushaheard this she made up her mind to go to the station and see him.The train was to pass by at two o'clock in the night. Katushahaving helped the old ladies to bed, and persuaded a little girl,the cook's daughter, Mashka, to come with her, put on a pair ofold boots, threw a shawl over her head, gathered up her dress,and ran to the station. + +It was a warm, rainy, and windy autumn night. The rain now pelteddown in warm, heavy drops, now stopped again. It was too dark tosee the path across the field, and in the wood it was pitchblack, so that although Katusha knew the way well, she got offthe path, and got to the little station where the train stoppedfor three minutes, not before, as she had hoped, but after thesecond bell had been rung. Hurrying up the platform, Katusha sawhim at once at the windows of a first-class carriage. Twoofficers sat opposite each other on the velvet-covered seats,playing cards. This carriage was very brightly lit up; on thelittle table between the seats stood two thick, dripping candles.He sat in his closefitting breeches on the arm of the seat,leaning against the back, and laughed. As soon as she recognisedhim she knocked at the carriage window with her benumbed hand,but at that moment the last bell rang, and the train first gave abackward jerk, and then gradually the carriages began to moveforward. One of the players rose with the cards in his hand, andlooked out. She knocked again, and pressed her face to thewindow, but the carriage moved on, and she went alongside lookingin. The officer tried to lower the window, but could not.Nekhludoff pushed him aside and began lowering it himself. Thetrain went faster, so that she had to walk quickly. The trainwent on still faster and the window opened. The guard pushed heraside, and jumped in. Katusha ran on, along the wet boards of theplatform, and when she came to the end she could hardly stopherself from falling as she ran down the steps of the platform.She was running by the side of the railway, though thefirst-class carriage had long passed her, and the second-classcarriages were gliding by faster, and at last the third-classcarriages still faster. But she ran on, and when the lastcarriage with the lamps at the back had gone by, she had alreadyreached the tank which fed the engines, and was unsheltered fromthe wind, which was blowing her shawl about and making her skirtcling round her legs. The shawl flew off her head, but still sheran on. + +"Katerina Michaelovna, you've lost your shawl!" screamed thelittle girl, who was trying to keep up with her. + +Katusha stopped, threw back her head, and catching hold of itwith both hands sobbed aloud. "Gone!" she screamed. + +"He is sitting in a velvet arm-chair and joking and drinking, ina brightly lit carriage, and I, out here in the mud, in thedarkness, in the wind and the rain, am standing and weeping," shethought to herself; and sat down on the ground, sobbing so loudthat the little girl got frightened, and put her arms round her,wet as she was. + +"Come home, dear," she said. + +"When a train passes--then under a carriage, and there will be anend," Katusha was thinking, without heeding the girl. + +And she made up her mind to do it, when, as it always happens,when a moment of quiet follows great excitement, he, thechild--his child--made himself known within her. Suddenly allthat a moment before had been tormenting her, so that it hadseemed impossible to live, all her bitterness towards him, andthe wish to revenge herself, even by dying, passed away; she grewquieter, got up, put the shawl on her head, and went home. + +Wet, muddy, and quite exhausted, she returned, and from that daythe change which brought her where she now was began to operatein her soul. Beginning from that dreadful night, she ceasedbelieving in God and in goodness. She had herself believed inGod, and believed that other people also believed in Him; butafter that night she became convinced that no one believed, andthat all that was said about God and His laws was deception anduntruth. He whom she loved, and who had loved her--yes, she knewthat--had thrown her away; had abused her love. Yet he was thebest of all the people she knew. All the rest were still worse.All that afterwards happened to her strengthened her in thisbelief at every step. His aunts, the pious old ladies, turned herout when she could no longer serve them as she used to. And ofall those she met, the women used her as a means of gettingmoney, the men, from the old police officer down to the wardersof the prison, looked at her as on an object for pleasure. And noone in the world cared for aught but pleasure. In this belief theold author with whom she had come together in the second year ofher life of independence had strengthened her. He had told heroutright that it was this that constituted the happiness of life,and he called it poetical and aesthetic. + +Everybody lived for himself only, for his pleasure, and all thetalk concerning God and righteousness was deception. And ifsometimes doubts arose in her mind and she wondered whyeverything was so ill-arranged in the world that all hurt eachother, and made each other suffer, she thought it best not todwell on it, and if she felt melancholy she could smoke, or,better still, drink, and it would pass. + +CHAPTER XXXVIII. + +SUNDAY IN PRISON--PREPARING FOR MASS. + +On Sunday morning at five o'clock, when a whistle sounded in thecorridor of the women's ward of the prison, Korableva, who wasalready awake, called Maslova. + +"Oh, dear! life again," thought Maslova, with horror,involuntarily breathing in the air that had become terriblynoisome towards the morning. She wished to fall asleep again, toenter into the region of oblivion, but the habit of fear overcamesleepiness, and she sat up and looked round, drawing her feetunder her. The women had all got up; only the elder children werestill asleep. The spirit-trader was carefully drawing a cloakfrom under the children, so as not to wake them. The watchman'swife was hanging up the rags to dry that served the baby asswaddling clothes, while the baby was screaming desperately inTheodosia's arms, who was trying to quiet it. The consumptivewoman was coughing with her hands pressed to her chest, while theblood rushed to her face, and she sighed loudly, almostscreaming, in the intervals of coughing. The fat, red-hairedwoman was lying on her back, with knees drawn up, and loudlyrelating a dream. The old woman accused of incendiarism wasstanding in front of the image, crossing herself and bowing, andrepeating the same words over and over again. The deacon'sdaughter sat on the bedstead, looking before her, with a dull,sleepy face. Khoroshavka was twisting her black, oily, coarsehair round her fingers. The sound of slipshod feet was heard inthe passage, and the door opened to let in two convicts, dressedin jackets and grey trousers that did not reach to their ankles.With serious, cross faces they lifted the stinking tub andcarried it out of the cell. The women went out to the taps in thecorridor to wash. There the red-haired woman again began aquarrel with a woman from another cell. + +"Is it the solitary cell you want?" shouted an old jailer,slapping the red-haired woman on her bare, fat back, so that itsounded through the corridor. "You be quiet." + +"Lawks! the old one's playful," said the woman, taking his actionfor a caress. + +"Now, then, be quick; get ready for the mass." Maslova had hardlytime to do her hair and dress when the inspector came with hisassistants. + +"Come out for inspection," cried a jailer. + +Some more prisoners came out of other cells and stood in two rowsalong the corridor; each woman had to place her hand on theshoulder of the woman in front of her. They were all counted. + +After the inspection the woman warder led the prisoners tochurch. Maslova and Theodosia were in the middle of a column ofover a hundred women, who had come out of different cells. Allwere dressed in white skirts, white jackets, and wore whitekerchiefs on their heads, except a few who had their own colouredclothes on. These were wives who, with their children, werefollowing their convict husbands to Siberia. The whole flight ofstairs was filled by the procession. The patter of softly-shodfeet mingled with the voices and now and then a laugh. Whenturning, on the landing, Maslova saw her enemy, Botchkova, infront, and pointed out her angry face to Theodosia. At the bottomof the stairs the women stopped talking. Bowing and crossingthemselves, they entered the empty church, which glistened withgilding. Crowding and pushing one another, they took their placeson the right. + +After the women came the men condemned to banishment, thoseserving their term in the prison, and those exiled by theirCommunes; and, coughing loudly, they took their stand, crowdingthe left side and the middle of the church. + +On one side of the gallery above stood the men sentenced to penalservitude in Siberia, who had been let into the church before theothers. Each of them had half his head shaved, and their presencewas indicated by the clanking of the chains on their feet. On theother side of the gallery stood those in preliminary confinement,without chains, their heads not shaved. + +The prison church had been rebuilt and ornamented by a richmerchant, who spent several tens of thousands of roubles on it,and it glittered with gay colours and gold. For a time there wassilence in the church, and only coughing, blowing of noses, thecrying of babies, and now and then the rattling of chains, washeard. But at last the convicts that stood in the middle moved,pressed against each other, leaving a passage in the centre ofthe church, down which the prison inspector passed to take hisplace in front of every one in the nave. + +CHAPTER XXXIX. + +THE PRISON CHURCH--BLIND LEADERS OF THE BLIND. + +The service began. + +It consisted of the following. The priest, having dressed in astrange and very inconvenient garb, made of gold cloth, cut andarranged little bits of bread on a saucer, and then put them intoa cup with wine, repeating at the same time different names andprayers. Meanwhile the deacon first read Slavonic prayers,difficult to understand in themselves, and rendered still moreincomprehensible by being read very fast, and then sang them turnand turn about with the convicts. The contents of the prayerswere chiefly the desire for the welfare of the Emperor and hisfamily. These petitions were repeated many times, separately andtogether with other prayers, the people kneeling. Besides this,several verses from the Acts of the Apostles were read by thedeacon in a peculiarly strained voice, which made it impossibleto understand what he read, and then the priest read verydistinctly a part of the Gospel according to St. Mark, in whichit said that Christ, having risen from the dead before flying upto heaven to sit down at His Father's right hand, first showedHimself to Mary Magdalene, out of whom He had driven sevendevils, and then to eleven of His disciples, and ordered them topreach the Gospel to the whole creation, and the priest addedthat if any one did not believe this he would perish, but he thatbelieved it and was baptised should be saved, and should besidesdrive out devils and cure people by laying his hands on them,should talk in strange tongues, should take up serpents, and ifhe drank poison should not die, but remain well. + +The essence of the service consisted in the supposition that thebits cut up by the priest and put by him into the wine, whenmanipulated and prayed over in a certain way, turned into theflesh and blood of God. + +These manipulations consisted in the priest's regularly liftingand holding up his arms, though hampered by the gold cloth sackhe had on, then, sinking on to his knees and kissing the tableand all that was on it, but chiefly in his taking a cloth by twoof its corners and waving it regularly and softly over the silversaucer and golden cup. It was supposed that, at this point, thebread and the wine turned into flesh and blood; therefore, thispart of the service was performed with the greatest solemnity. + +"Now, to the blessed, most pure, and most holy Mother of God,"the priest cried from the golden partition which divided part ofthe church from the rest, and the choir began solemnly to singthat it was very right to glorify the Virgin Mary, who had borneChrist without losing her virginity, and was therefore worthy ofgreater honour than some kind of cherubim, and greater glory thansome kind of seraphim. After this the transformation wasconsidered accomplished, and the priest having taken the napkinoff the saucer, cut the middle bit of bread in four, and put itinto the wine, and then into his mouth. He was supposed to haveeaten a bit of God's flesh and swallowed a little of His blood.Then the priest drew a curtain, opened the middle door in thepartition, and, taking the gold cup in his hands, came out of thedoor, inviting those who wished to do so also to come and eatsome of God's flesh and blood that was contained in the cup. Afew children appeared to wish to do so. + +After having asked the children their names, the priest carefullytook out of the cup, with a spoon, and shoved a bit of breadsoaked in wine deep into the mouth of each child in turn, and thedeacon, while wiping the children's mouths, sang, in a merryvoice, that the children were eating the flesh and drinking theblood of God. After this the priest carried the cup back behindthe partition, and there drank all the remaining blood and ate upall the bits of flesh, and after having carefully sucked hismoustaches and wiped his mouth, he stepped briskly from behindthe partition, the soles of his calfskin boots creaking. Theprincipal part of this Christian service was now finished, butthe priest, wishing to comfort the unfortunate prisoners, addedto the ordinary service another. This consisted of his going upto the gilt hammered-out image (with black face and hands)supposed to represent the very God he had been eating,illuminated by a dozen wax candles, and proceeding, in a strange,discordant voice, to hum or sing the following words: + +Jesu sweetest, glorified of the Apostles, Jesu lauded by themartyrs, almighty Monarch, save me, Jesu my Saviour. Jesu, mostbeautiful, have mercy on him who cries to Thee, Saviour Jesu.Born of prayer Jesu, all thy saints, all thy prophets, save andfind them worthy of the joys of heaven. Jesu, lover of men." + +Then he stopped, drew breath, crossed himself, bowed to theground, and every one did the same--the inspector, the warders,the prisoners; and from above the clinking of the chains soundedmore unintermittently. Then he continued: "Of angels the Creatorand Lord of powers, Jesu most wonderful, the angels' amazement,Jesu most powerful, of our forefathers the Redeemer. Jesusweetest, of patriarchs the praise. Jesu most glorious, of kingsthe strength. Jesu most good, of prophets the fulfilment. Jesumost amazing, of martyrs the strength. Jesu most humble, of monksthe joy. Jesu most merciful, of priests the sweetness. Jesu mostcharitable, of the fasting the continence. Jesu most sweet, ofthe just the joy. Jesu most pure, of the celibates the chastity.Jesu before all ages of sinners the salvation. Jesu, son of God,have mercy on me." + +Every time he repeated the word "Jesu" his voice became more andmore wheezy. At last he came to a stop, and holding up hissilk-lined cassock, and kneeling down on one knee, he stoopeddown to the ground and the choir began to sing, repeating thewords, "Jesu, Son of God, have mercy on me," and the convictsfell down and rose again, shaking back the hair that was left ontheir heads, and rattling with the chains that were bruisingtheir thin ankles. + +This continued for a long time. First came the glorification,which ended with the words, "Have mercy on me." Then moreglorifications, ending with "Alleluia!" And the convicts made thesign of the cross, and bowed, first at each sentence, then afterevery two and then after three, and all were very glad when theglorification ended, and the priest shut the book with a sigh ofrelief and retired behind the partition. One last act remained.The priest took a large, gilt cross, with enamel medallions atthe ends, from a table, and came out into the centre of thechurch with it. First the inspector came up and kissed the cross,then the jailers, then the convicts, pushing and abusing eachother in whispers. The priest, talking to the inspector, pushedthe cross and his hand now against the mouths and now against thenoses of the convicts, who were trying to kiss both the cross andthe hand of the priest. And thus ended the Christian service,intended for the comfort and the teaching of these strayedbrothers. + +CHAPTER XL. + +THE HUSKS OF RELIGION. + +And none of those present, from the inspector down to Maslova,seemed conscious of the fact that this Jesus, whose name thepriest repeated such a great number of times, and whom he praisedwith all these curious expressions, had forbidden the very thingsthat were being done there; that He had prohibited not only thismeaningless much-speaking and the blasphemous incantation overthe bread and wine, but had also, in the clearest words,forbidden men to call other men their master, and to pray intemples; and had ordered that every one should pray in solitude,had forbidden to erect temples, saying that He had come todestroy them, and that one should worship, not in a temple, butin spirit and in truth; and, above all, that He had forbidden notonly to judge, to imprison, to torment, to execute men, as wasbeing done here, but had prohibited any kind of violence, sayingthat He had come to give freedom to the captives. + +No one present seemed conscious that all that was going on herewas the greatest blasphemy and a supreme mockery of that sameChrist in whose name it was being done. No one seemed to realisethat the gilt cross with the enamel medallions at the ends, whichthe priest held out to the people to be kissed, was nothing butthe emblem of that gallows on which Christ had been executed fordenouncing just what was going on here. That these priests, whoimagined they were eating and drinking the body and blood ofChrist in the form of bread and wine, did in reality eat anddrink His flesh and His blood, but not as wine and bits of bread,but by ensnaring "these little ones" with whom He identifiedHimself, by depriving them of the greatest blessings andsubmitting them to most cruel torments, and by hiding from menthe tidings of great joy which He had brought. That thought didnot enter into the mind of any one present. + +The priest did his part with a quiet conscience, because he wasbrought up from childhood to consider that the only true faithwas the faith which had been held by all the holy men of oldentimes and was still held by the Church, and demanded by the Stateauthorities. He did not believe that the bread turned into flesh,that it was useful for the soul to repeat so many words, or thathe had actually swallowed a bit of God. No one could believethis, but he believed that one ought to hold this faith. Whatstrengthened him most in this faith was the fact that, forfulfilling the demands of this faith, he had for the last 15years been able to draw an income, which enabled him to keep hisfamily, send his son to a gymnasium and his daughter to a schoolfor the daughters of the clergy. The deacon believed in the samemanner, and even more firmly than the priest, for he hadforgotten the substance of the dogmas of this faith, and knewonly that the prayers for the dead, the masses, with and withoutthe acathistus, all had a definite price, which real Christiansreadily paid, and, therefore, he called out his "have mercy, havemercy," very willingly, and read and said what was appointed,with the same quiet certainty of its being necessary to do sowith which other men sell faggots, flour, or potatoes. The prisoninspector and the warders, though they had never understood orgone into the meaning of these dogmas and of all that went on inchurch, believed that they must believe, because the higherauthorities and the Tsar himself believed in it. Besides, thoughfaintly (and themselves unable to explain why), they felt thatthis faith defended their cruel occupations. If this faith didnot exist it would have been more difficult, perhaps impossible,for them to use all their powers to torment people, as they werenow doing, with a quiet conscience. The inspector was such akind-hearted man that he could not have lived as he was nowliving unsupported by his faith. Therefore, he stood motionless,bowed and crossed himself zealously, tried to feel touched whenthe song about the cherubims was being sung, and when thechildren received communion he lifted one of them, and held himup to the priest with his own hands. + +The great majority of the prisoners believed that there lay amystic power in these gilt images, these vestments, candles,cups, crosses, and this repetition of incomprehensible words,"Jesu sweetest" and "have mercy"--a power through which might beobtained much convenience in this and in the future life. Only afew clearly saw the deception that was practised on the peoplewho adhered to this faith, and laughed at it in their hearts; butthe majority, having made several attempts to get theconveniences they desired, by means of prayers, masses, andcandles, and not having got them (their prayers remainingunanswered), were each of them convinced that their want ofsuccess was accidental, and that this organisation, approved bythe educated and by archbishops, is very important and necessary,if not for this, at any rate for the next life. + +Maslova also believed in this way. She felt, like the rest, amixed sensation of piety and dulness. She stood at first in acrowd behind a railing, so that she could see no one but hercompanions; but when those to receive communion moved on, sheand Theodosia stepped to the front, and they saw the inspector,and, behind him, standing among the warders, a little peasant,with a very light beard and fair hair. This was Theodosia'shusband, and he was gazing with fixed eyes at his wife. Duringthe acathistus Maslova occupied herself in scrutinising him andtalking to Theodosia in whispers, and bowed and made the sign ofthe cross only when every one else did. + +CHAPTER XLI. + +VISITING DAY--THE MEN'S WARD. + +Nekhludoff left home early. A peasant from the country was stilldriving along the side street and calling out in a voice peculiarto his trade, "Milk! milk! milk!" + +The first warm spring rain had fallen the day before, and nowwherever the ground was not paved the grass shone green. Thebirch trees in the gardens looked as if they were strewn withgreen fluff, the wild cherry and the poplars unrolled their long,balmy buds, and in shops and dwelling-houses the doublewindow-frames were being removed and the windows cleaned. + +In the Tolkoochi [literally, jostling market, where second-handclothes and all sorts of cheap goods are sold] market, whichNekhludoff had to pass on his way, a dense crowd was surgingalong the row of booths, and tattered men walked about sellingtop-boots, which they carried under their arms, and renovatedtrousers and waistcoats, which hung over their shoulders. + +Men in clean coats and shining boots, liberated from thefactories, it being Sunday, and women with bright silk kerchiefson their heads and cloth jackets trimmed with jet, were alreadythronging at the door of the traktir. Policemen, with yellowcords to their uniforms and carrying pistols, were on duty,looking out for some disorder which might distract the ennui thatoppressed them. On the paths of the boulevards and on thenewly-revived grass, children and dogs ran about, playing, andthe nurses sat merrily chattering on the benches. Along thestreets, still fresh and damp on the shady side, but dry in themiddle, heavy carts rumbled unceasingly, cabs rattled andtramcars passed ringing by. The air vibrated with the pealing andclanging of church bells, that were calling the people to attendto a service like that which was now being conducted in theprison. And the people, dressed in their Sunday best, werepassing on their way to their different parish churches. + +The isvostchik did not drive Nekhludoff up to the prison itself,but to the last turning that led to the prison. + +Several persons--men and women--most of them carrying smallbundles, stood at this turning, about 100 steps from the prison.To the right there were several low wooden buildings; to theleft, a two-storeyed house with a signboard. The huge brickbuilding, the prison proper, was just in front, and the visitorswere not allowed to come up to it. A sentinel was pacing up anddown in front of it, and shouted at any one who tried to passhim. + +At the gate of the wooden buildings, to the right, opposite thesentinel, sat a warder on a bench, dressed in uniform, with goldcords, a notebook in his hands. The visitors came up to him, andnamed the persons they wanted to see, and he put the names down.Nekhludoff also went up, and named Katerina Maslova. The warderwrote down the name. + +"Why--don't they admit us yet?" asked Nekhludoff. + +"The service is going on. When the mass is over, you'll beadmitted." + +Nekhludoff stepped aside from the waiting crowd. A man intattered clothes, crumpled hat, with bare feet and red stripesall over his face, detached himself from the crowd, and turnedtowards the prison. + +"Now, then, where are you going?" shouted the sentinel with thegun. + +"And you hold your row," answered the tramp, not in the leastabashed by the sentinel's words, and turned back. "Well, ifyou'll not let me in, I'll wait. But, no! Must needs shout, as ifhe were a general." + +The crowd laughed approvingly. The visitors were, for the greaterpart, badly-dressed people; some were ragged, but there were alsosome respectable-looking men and women. Next to Nekhludoff stooda clean-shaven, stout, and red-cheeked man, holding a bundle,apparently containing under-garments. This was the doorkeeper ofa bank; he had come to see his brother, who was arrested forforgery. The good-natured fellow told Nekhludoff the whole storyof his life, and was going to question him in turn, when theirattention was aroused by a student and a veiled lady, who droveup in a trap, with rubber tyres, drawn by a large thoroughbredhorse. The student was holding a large bundle. He came up toNekhludoff, and asked if and how he could give the rolls he hadbrought in alms to the prisoners. His fiancee wished it (thislady was his fiancee), and her parents had advised them to takesome rolls to the prisoners. + +"I myself am here for the first time," said Nekhludoff, "anddon't know; but I think you had better ask this man," and hepointed to the warder with the gold cords and the book, sittingon the right. + +As they were speaking, the large iron door with a window in itopened, and an officer in uniform, followed by another warder,stepped out. The warder with the notebook proclaimed that theadmittance of visitors would now commence. The sentinel steppedaside, and all the visitors rushed to the door as if afraid ofbeing too late; some even ran. At the door there stood a warderwho counted the visitors as they came in, saying aloud, 16, 17,and so on. Another warder stood inside the building and alsocounted the visitors as they entered a second door, touching eachone with his hand, so that when they went away again not onevisitor should be able to remain inside the prison and not oneprisoner might get out. The warder, without looking at whom hewas touching, slapped Nekhludoff on the back, and Nekhludoff felthurt by the touch of the warder's hand; but, remembering what hehad come about, he felt ashamed of feeling dissatisfied andtaking offence. + +The first apartment behind the entrance doors was a large vaultedroom with iron bars to the small windows. In this room, which wascalled the meeting-room, Nekhludoff was startled by the sight ofa large picture of the Crucifixion. + +"What's that for?" he thought, his mind involuntarily connectingthe subject of the picture with liberation and not withimprisonment. + +He went on, slowly letting the hurrying visitors pass before, andexperiencing a mingled feeling of horror at the evil-doers lockedup in this building, compassion for those who, like Katusha andthe boy they tried the day before, must be here though guiltless,and shyness and tender emotion at the thought of the interviewbefore him. The warder at the other end of the meeting-room saidsomething as they passed, but Nekhludoff, absorbed by his ownthoughts, paid no attention to him, and continued to follow themajority of the visitors, and so got into the men's part of theprison instead of the women's. + +Letting the hurrying visitors pass before him, he was the last toget into the interviewing-room. As soon as Nekhludoff opened thedoor of this room, he was struck by the deafening roar of ahundred voices shouting at once, the reason of which he did notat once understand. But when he came nearer to the people, he sawthat they were all pressing against a net that divided the roomin two, like flies settling on sugar, and he understood what itmeant. The two halves of the room, the windows of which wereopposite the door he had come in by, were separated, not by one,but by two nets reaching from the floor to the ceiling. The wirenets were stretched 7 feet apart, and soldiers were walking upand down the space between them. On the further side of the netswere the prisoners, on the nearer, the visitors. Between them wasa double row of nets and a space of 7 feet wide, so that theycould not hand anything to one another, and any one whose sightwas not very good could not even distinguish the face on theother side. It was also difficult to talk; one had to scream inorder to be heard. + +On both sides were faces pressed close to the nets, faces ofwives, husbands, fathers, mothers, children, trying to see eachother's features and to say what was necessary in such a way asto be understood. + +But as each one tried to be heard by the one he was talking to,and his neighbour tried to do the same, they did their best todrown each other's voices' and that was the cause of the din andshouting which struck Nekhludoff when he first came in. It wasimpossible to understand what was being said and what were therelations between the different people. Next Nekhludoff an oldwoman with a kerchief on her head stood trembling, her chinpressed close to the net, and shouting something to a youngfellow, half of whose head was shaved, who listened attentivelywith raised brows. By the side of the old woman was a young manin a peasant's coat, who listened, shaking his head, to a boyvery like himself. Next stood a man in rags, who shouted, wavinghis arm and laughing. Next to him a woman, with a good woollenshawl on her shoulders, sat on the floor holding a baby in herlap and crying bitterly. This was apparently the first time shesaw the greyheaded man on the other side in prison clothes, andwith his head shaved. Beyond her was the doorkeeper, who hadspoken to Nekhludoff outside; he was shouting with all his mightto a greyhaired convict on the other side. + +When Nekhludoff found that he would have to speak in similarconditions, a feeling of indignation against those who were ableto make and enforce these conditions arose in him; he wassurprised that, placed in such a dreadful position, no one seemedoffended at this outrage on human feelings. The soldiers, theinspector, the prisoners themselves, acted as if acknowledgingall this to be necessary. + +Nekhludoff remained in this room for about five minutes, feelingstrangely depressed, conscious of how powerless he was, and atvariance with all the world. He was seized with a curious moralsensation like seasickness. + +CHAPTER XLII. + +VISITING DAY--THE WOMEN'S WARD. + +"Well, but I must do what I came here for," he said, trying topick up courage. "What is to be done now?" He looked round for anofficial, and seeing a thin little man in the uniform of anofficer going up and down behind the people, he approached him. + +"Can you tell me, sir," he said, with exceedingly strainedpoliteness of manner, "where the women are kept, and where one isallowed to interview them?" + +"Is it the women's ward you want to go to?" + +"Yes, I should like to see one of the women prisoners,"Nekhludoff said, with the same strained politeness. + +"You should have said so when you were in the hall. Who is it,then, that you want to see?" + +"I want to see a prisoner called Katerina Maslova." + +"Is she a political one?" + +"No, she is simply . . ." + +"What! Is she sentenced?" + +"Yes; the day before yesterday she was sentenced," meeklyanswered Nekhludoff, fearing to spoil the inspector's goodhumour, which seemed to incline in his favour. + +"If you want to go to the women's ward please to step this way,"said the officer, having decided from Nekhludoff's appearancethat he was worthy of attention. "Sideroff, conduct the gentlemanto the women's ward," he said, turning to a moustached corporalwith medals on his breast. + +"Yes, sir." + +At this moment heart-rending sobs were heard coming from some onenear the net. + +Everything here seemed strange to Nekhludoff; but strangest ofall was that he should have to thank and feel obligation towardsthe inspector and the chief warders, the very men who wereperforming the cruel deeds that were done in this house. + +The corporal showed Nekhludoff through the corridor, out of themen's into the women's interviewing-room. + +This room, like that of the men, was divided by two wire nets;but it was much smaller, and there were fewer visitors and fewerprisoners, so that there was less shouting than in the men'sroom. Yet the same thing was going on here, only, between thenets instead of soldiers there was a woman warder, dressed in ablue-edged uniform jacket, with gold cords on the sleeves, and ablue belt. Here also, as in the men's room, the people werepressing close to the wire netting on both sides; on the nearerside, the townspeople in varied attire; on the further side, theprisoners, some in white prison clothes, others in their owncoloured dresses. The whole length of the net was taken up by thepeople standing close to it. Some rose on tiptoe to be heardacross the heads of others; some sat talking on the floor. + +The most remarkable of the prisoners, both by her piercingscreams and her appearance, was a thin, dishevelled gipsy. Herkerchief had slipped off her curly hair, and she stood near apost in the middle of the prisoner's division, shoutingsomething, accompanied by quick gestures, to a gipsy man in ablue coat, girdled tightly below the waist. Next the gipsy man, asoldier sat on the ground talking to prisoner; next the soldier,leaning close to the net, stood a young peasant, with a fairbeard and a flushed face, keeping back his tears with difficulty.A pretty, fair-haired prisoner, with bright blue eyes, wasspeaking to him. These two were Theodosia and her husband. Nextto them was a tramp, talking to a broad-faced woman; then twowomen, then a man, then again a woman, and in front of each aprisoner. Maslova was not among them. But some one stood by thewindow behind the prisoners, and Nekhludoff knew it was she. Hisheart began to beat faster, and his breath stopped. The decisivemoment was approaching. He went up to the part of the net wherehe could see the prisoner, and recognised her at once. She stoodbehind the blue-eyed Theodosia, and smiled, listening to whatTheodosia was saying. She did not wear the prison cloak now, buta white dress, tightly drawn in at the waist by a belt, and veryfull in the bosom. From under her kerchief appeared the blackringlets of her fringe, just the same as in the court. + +"Now, in a moment it will be decided," he thought. + +"How shall I call her? Or will she come herself?" + +"She was expecting Bertha; that this man had come to see hernever entered her head. + +"Whom do you want?" said the warder who was walking between thenets, coming up to Nekhludoff. + +"Katerina Maslova," Nekhludoff uttered, with difficulty. + +"Katerina Maslova, some one to see you," cried the warder. + +CHAPTER XLIII. + +NEKHLUDOFF VISITS MASLOVA. + +Maslova looked round, and with head thrown back and expandedchest, came up to the net with that expression of readiness whichhe well knew, pushed in between two prisoners, and gazed atNekhludoff with a surprised and questioning look. But, concludingfrom his clothing he was a rich man, she smiled. + +"Is it me you want?" she asked, bringing her smiling face, withthe slightly squinting eyes, nearer the net. + +"I, I--I wished to see "Nekhludoff did not know how to addressher. "I wished to see you--I--" He was not speaking louder thanusual. + +"No; nonsense, I tell you!" shouted the tramp who stood next tohim. "Have you taken it or not?" + +"Dying, I tell you; what more do you want?" some one else wasscreaming at his other side. Maslova could not hear whatNekhludoff was saying, but the expression of his face as he wasspeaking reminded her of him. She did not believe her own eyes;still the smile vanished from her face and a deep line ofsuffering appeared on her brow. + +"I cannot hear what you are saying," she called out, wrinklingher brow and frowning more and more. + +"I have come," said Nekhludoff. "Yes, I am doing my duty--I amconfessing," thought Nekhludoff; and at this thought the tearscame in his eyes, and he felt a choking sensation in his throat,and holding on with both hands to the net, he made efforts tokeep from bursting into tears. + +"I say, why do you shove yourself in where you're not wanted?"some one shouted at one side of him. + +"God is my witness; I know nothing," screamed a prisoner from theother side. + +Noticing his excitement, Maslova recognised him. + +"You're like . . . but no; I don't know you," she shouted,without looking at him, and blushing, while her face grew stillmore stern. + +"I have come to ask you to forgive me," he said, in a loud butmonotonous voice, like a lesson learnt by heart. Having saidthese words he became confused; but immediately came the thoughtthat, if he felt ashamed, it was all the better; he had to bearthis shame, and he continued in a loud voice: + +"Forgive me; I have wronged you terribly." + +She stood motionless and without taking her squinting eyes offhim. + +He could not continue to speak, and stepping away from the net hetried to suppress the sobs that were choking him. + +The inspector, the same officer who had directed Nekhludoff tothe women's ward, and whose interest he seemed to have aroused,came into the room, and, seeing Nekhludoff not at the net, askedhim why he was not talking to her whom he wanted to see.Nekhludoff blew his nose, gave himself a shake, and, trying toappear calm, said: + +"It's so inconvenient through these nets; nothing can be heard." + +Again the inspector considered for a moment. + +"Ah, well, she can be brought out here for awhile. MaryKarlovna," turning to the warder, "lead Maslova out." + +A minute later Maslova came out of the side door. Steppingsoftly, she came up close to Nekhludoff, stopped, and looked upat him from under her brows. Her black hair was arranged inringlets over her forehead in the same way as it had been twodays ago; her face, though unhealthy and puffy, was attractive,and looked perfectly calm, only the glittering black eyes glancedstrangely from under the swollen lids. + +"You may talk here," said the inspector, and shrugging hisshoulders he stepped aside with a look of surprise. Nekhludoffmoved towards a seat by the wall. + +Maslova cast a questioning look at the inspector, and then,shrugging her shoulders in surprise, followed Nekhludoff to thebench, and having arranged her skirt, sat down beside him. + +"I know it is hard for you to forgive me," he began, but stopped.His tears were choking him. "But though I can't undo the past, Ishall now do what is in my power. Tell me--" + +"How have you managed to find me?" she said, without answeringhis question, neither looking away from him nor quite at him,with her squinting eyes. + +"O God, help me! Teach me what to do," Nekhludoff thought,looking at her changed face. "I was on the jury the day beforeyesterday," he said. "You did not recognise me?" + +"No, I did not; there was not time for recognitions. I did noteven look," she said. + +"There was a child, was there not?" he asked. + +"Thank God! he died at once," she answered, abruptly andviciously. + +"What do you mean? Why?" + +"I was so ill myself, I nearly died," she said, in the same quietvoice, which Nekhludoff had not expected and could notunderstand. + +"How could my aunts have let you go?" + +"Who keeps a servant that has a baby? They sent me off as soon asthey noticed. But why speak of this? I remember nothing. That'sall finished." + +"No, it is not finished; I wish to redeem my sin." + +"There's nothing to redeem. What's been has been and is passed,"she said; and, what he never expected, she looked at him andsmiled in an unpleasantly luring, yet piteous, manner. + +Maslova never expected to see him again, and certainly not hereand not now; therefore, when she first recognised him, she couldnot keep back the memories which she never wished to revive. Inthe first moment she remembered dimly that new, wonderful worldof feeling and of thought which had been opened to her by thecharming young man who loved her and whom she loved, and then hisincomprehensible cruelty and the whole string of humiliations andsuffering which flowed from and followed that magic joy. Thisgave her pain, and, unable to understand it, she did what she wasalways in the habit of doing, she got rid of these memories byenveloping them in the mist of a depraved life. In the firstmoment, she associated the man now sitting beside her with thelad she had loved; but feeling that this gave her pain, shedissociated them again. Now, this well-dressed, carefully-got-upgentleman with perfumed beard was no longer the Nekhludoff whomshe had loved but only one of the people who made use ofcreatures like herself when they needed them, and whom creatureslike herself had to make use of in their turn as profitably asthey could; and that is why she looked at him with a luring smileand considered silently how she could best make use of him. + +"That's all at an end," she said. "Now I'm condemned to Siberia,"and her lip trembled as she was saying this dreadful word. + +"I knew; I was certain you were not guilty," said Nekhludoff. + +"Guilty! of course not; as if I could be a thief or a robber."She stopped, considering in what way she could best get somethingout of him. + +"They say here that all depends on the advocate," she began. "Apetition should be handed in, only they say it's expensive." + +"Yes, most certainly," said Nekhludoff. "I have already spoken toan advocate." + +"No money ought to be spared; it should be a good one," she said. + +"I shall do all that is possible." + +They were silent, and then she smiled again in the same way. + +"And I should like to ask you . . . a little money if you can . .. not much; ten roubles, I do not want more," she said, suddenly. + +"Yes, yes," Nekhludoff said, with a sense of confusion, and feltfor his purse. + +She looked rapidly at the inspector, who was walking up and downthe room. "Don't give it in front of him; he'd take it away." + +Nekhludoff took out his purse as soon as the inspector had turnedhis back; but had no time to hand her the note before theinspector faced them again, so he crushed it up in his hand. + +"This woman is dead," Nekhludoff thought, looking at this oncesweet, and now defiled, puffy face, lit up by an evil glitter inthe black, squinting eyes which were now glancing at the hand inwhich he held the note, then following the inspector's movements,and for a moment he hesitated. The tempter that had been speakingto him in the night again raised its voice, trying to lead himout of the realm of his inner into the realm of his outer life,away from the question of what he should do to the question ofwhat the consequences would be, and what would he practical. + +"You can do nothing with this woman," said the voice; "you willonly tie a stone round your neck, which will help to drown youand hinder you from being useful to others. + +Is it not better to give her all the money that is here, saygood-bye, and finish with her forever?" whispered the voice. + +But here he felt that now, at this very moment, something mostimportant was taking place in his soul--that his inner life was,as it were, wavering in the balance, so that the slightest effortwould make it sink to this side or the other. And he made thiseffort by calling to his assistance that God whom he had felt inhis soul the day before, and that God instantly responded. Heresolved to tell her everything now--at once. + +"Katusha, I have come to ask you to forgive me, and you havegiven me no answer. Have you forgiven me? Will you ever forgiveme?" he asked. + +She did not listen to him, but looked at his hand and at theinspector, and when the latter turned she hastily stretched outher hand, grasped the note, and hid it under her belt. + +"That's odd, what you are saying there," she said, with a smileof contempt, as it seemed to him. + +Nekhludoff felt that there was in her soul one who was his enemyand who was protecting her, such as she was now, and preventinghim from getting at her heart. But, strange to say, this did notrepel him, but drew him nearer to her by some fresh, peculiarpower. He knew that he must waken her soul, that this wasterribly difficult, but the very difficulty attracted him. He nowfelt towards her as he had never felt towards her or any one elsebefore. There was nothing personal in this feeling: he wantednothing from her for himself, but only wished that she might notremain as she now was, that she might awaken and become againwhat she had been. + +"Katusha, why do you speak like that? I know you; I rememberyou--and the old days in Papovo." + +"What's the use of recalling what's past?" she remarked, drily. + +"I am recalling it in order to put it right, to atone for my sin,Katusha," and he was going to say that he would marry her, but,meeting her eyes, he read in them something so dreadful, socoarse, so repellent, that he could not go on. + +At this moment the visitors began to go. The inspector came up toNekhludoff and said that the time was up. + +"Good-bye; I have still much to say to you, but you see it isimpossible to do so now," said Nekhludoff, and held out his hand."I shall come again." + +"I think you have said all." + +She took his hand but did not press it. + +"No; I shall try to see you again, somewhere where we can talk,and then I shall tell you what I have to say-something veryimportant." + +"Well, then, come; why not?" she answered, and smiled with thathabitual, inviting, and promising smile which she gave to the menwhom she wished to please. + +"You are more than a sister to me," said Nekhludoff. + +"That's odd," she said again, and went behind the grating. + +CHAPTER XLIV. + +MASLOVA'S VIEW OF LIFE. + +Before the first interview, Nekhludoff thought that when she sawhim and knew of his intention to serve her, Katusha would bepleased and touched, and would be Katusha again; but, to hishorror, he found that Katusha existed no more, and there wasMaslova in her place. This astonished and horrified him. + +What astonished him most was that Katusha was not ashamed of herposition--not the position of a prisoner (she was ashamed ofthat), but her position as a prostitute. She seemed satisfied,even proud of it. And, yet, how could it be otherwise? Everybody,in order to be able to act, has to consider his occupationimportant and good. Therefore, in whatever position a person is,he is certain to form such a view of the life of men in generalwhich will make his occupation seem important and good. + +It is usually imagined that a thief, a murderer, a spy, aprostitute, acknowledging his or her profession as evil, isashamed of it. But the contrary is true. People whom fate andtheir sin-mistakes have placed in a certain position, howeverfalse that position may be, form a view of life in general whichmakes their position seem good and admissible. In order to keepup their view of life, these people instinctively keep to thecircle of those people who share their views of life and theirown place in it. This surprises us, where the persons concernedare thieves, bragging about their dexterity, prostitutes vauntingtheir depravity, or murderers boasting of their cruelty. Thissurprises us only because the circle, the atmosphere in whichthese people live, is limited, and we are outside it. But can wenot observe the same phenomenon when the rich boast of theirwealth, i.e., robbery; the commanders in the army pride themselveson victories, i.e., murder; and those in high places vaunt theirpower, i.e., violence? We do not see the perversion in the viewsof life held by these people, only because the circle formed bythem is more extensive, and we ourselves are moving inside of it. + +And in this manner Maslova had formed her views of life and ofher own position. She was a prostitute condemned to Siberia, andyet she had a conception of life which made it possible for herto be satisfied with herself, and even to pride herself on herposition before others. + +According to this conception, the highest good for all menwithout exception--old, young, schoolboys, generals, educated anduneducated, was connected with the relation of the sexes;therefore, all men, even when they pretended to be occupied withother things, in reality took this view. She was an attractivewoman, and therefore she was an important and necessary person.The whole of her former and present life was a confirmation ofthe correctness of this conception. + +With such a view of life, she was by no means the lowest, but avery important person. And Maslova prized this view of life morethan anything; she could not but prize it, for, if she lost theimportance that such a view of life gave her among men, she wouldlose the meaning of her life. And, in order not to lose themeaning of her life, she instinctively clung to the set thatlooked at life in the same way as she did. Feeling thatNekhludoff wanted to lead her out into another world, sheresisted him, foreseeing that she would have to lose her place inlife, with the self-possession and self-respect it gave her. Forthis reason she drove from her the recollections of her earlyyouth and her first relations with Nekhludoff. Theserecollections did not correspond with her present conception ofthe world, and were therefore quite rubbed out of her mind, or,rather, lay somewhere buried and untouched, closed up andplastered over so that they should not escape, as when bees, inorder to protect the result of their labour, will sometimesplaster a nest of worms. Therefore, the present Nekhludoff wasnot the man she had once loved with a pure love, but only a richgentleman whom she could, and must, make use of, and with whomshe could only have the same relations as with men in general. + +"No, I could not tell her the chief thing," thought Nekhludoff,moving towards the front doors with the rest of the people. "Idid not tell her that I would marry her; I did not tell her so,but I will," he thought. + +The two warders at the door let out the visitors, counting themagain, and touching each one with their hands, so that no extraperson should go out, and none remain within. The slap on hisshoulder did not offend Nekhludoff this time; he did not evennotice it. + +CHAPTER XLV. + +FANARIN, THE ADVOCATE--THE PETITION. + +Nekhludoff meant to rearrange the whole of his external life, tolet his large house and move to an hotel, but Agraphena Petrovnapointed out that it was useless to change anything before thewinter. No one would rent a town house for the summer; anyhow, hewould have to live and keep his things somewhere. And so all hisefforts to change his manner of life (he meant to live moresimply: as the students live) led to nothing. Not only dideverything remain as it was, but the house was suddenly filledwith new activity. All that was made of wool or fur was taken outto be aired and beaten. The gate-keeper, the boy, the cook, andCorney himself took part in this activity. All sorts of strangefurs, which no one ever used, and various uniforms were taken outand hung on a line, then the carpets and furniture were broughtout, and the gate-keeper and the boy rolled their sleeves uptheir muscular arms and stood beating these things, keepingstrict time, while the rooms were filled with the smell ofnaphthaline. + +When Nekhludoff crossed the yard or looked out of the window andsaw all this going on, he was surprised at the great number ofthings there were, all quite useless. Their only use, Nekhludoffthought, was the providing of exercise for Agraphena Petrovna,Corney, the gate-keeper, the boy, and the cook. + +"But it's not worth while altering my manner of life now," hethought, "while Maslova's case is not decided. Besides, it is toodifficult. It will alter of itself when she will be set free orexiled, and I follow her." + +On the appointed day Nekhludoff drove up to the advocateFanarin's own splendid house, which was decorated with huge palmsand other plants, and wonderful curtains, in fact, with all theexpensive luxury witnessing to the possession of much idle money,i.e., money acquired without labour, which only those possess whogrow rich suddenly. In the waiting-room, just as in a doctor'swaiting-room, he found many dejected-looking people sitting roundseveral tables, on which lay illustrated papers meant to amusethem, awaiting their turns to be admitted to the advocate. Theadvocate's assistant sat in the room at a high desk, and havingrecognised Nekhludoff, he came up to him and said he would go andannounce him at once. But the assistant had not reached the doorbefore it opened and the sounds of loud, animated voices wereheard; the voice of a middle-aged, sturdy merchant, with a redface and thick moustaches, and the voice of Fanarin himself.Fanarin was also a middle-aged man of medium height, with a wornlook on his face. Both faces bore the expression which you see onthe faces of those who have just concluded a profitable but notquite honest transaction. + +"Your own fault, you know, my dear sir," Fanarin said, smiling. + +"We'd all be in 'eaven were it not for hour sins." + +"Oh. yes, yes; we all know that," and both laughed un-naturally. + +"Oh, Prince Nekhludoff! Please to step in," said Fanarin, seeinghim, and, nodding once more to the merchant, he led Nekhludoffinto his business cabinet, furnished in a severely correct style. + +"Won't you smoke?" said the advocate, sitting down oppositeNekhludoff and trying to conceal a smile, apparently stillexcited by the success of the accomplished transaction. + +"Thanks; I have come about Maslova's case." + +"Yes, yes; directly! But oh, what rogues these fat money bagsare!" he said. "You saw this here fellow. Why, he has abouttwelve million roubles, and he cannot speak correctly; and if hecan get a twenty-five rouble note out of you he'll have it, ifhe's to wrench it out with his teeth." + +"He says "'eaven and hour,' and you say 'this here fellow,'"Nekhludoff thought, with an insurmountable feeling of aversiontowards this man who wished to show by his free and easy mannerthat he and Nekhludoff belonged to one and the same camp, whilehis other clients belonged to another. + +"He has worried me to death--a fearful scoundrel. I felt I mustrelieve my feelings," said the advocate, as if to excuse hisspeaking about things that had no reference to business. "Well,how about your case? I have read it attentively, but do notapprove of it. I mean that greenhorn of an advocate has left novalid reason for an appeal." + +"Well, then, what have you decided?" + +"One moment. Tell him," he said to his assistant, who had justcome in, "that I keep to what I have said. If he can, it's allright; if not, no matter." + +"But he won't agree." + +"Well, no matter," and the advocate frowned. + +"There now, and it is said that we advocates get our money fornothing," he remarked, after a pause. "I have freed one insolventdebtor from a totally false charge, and now they all flock to me.Yet every such case costs enormous labour. Why, don't we, too,'lose bits of flesh in the inkstand?' as some writer or other hassaid. Well, as to your case, or, rather, the case you are takingan interest in. It has been conducted abominably. There is nogood reason for appealing. Still," he continued, "we can but tryto get the sentence revoked. This is what I have noted down." Hetook up several sheets of paper covered with writing, and beganto read rapidly, slurring over the uninteresting legal terms andlaying particular stress on some sentences. "To the Court ofAppeal, criminal department, etc., etc. According to thedecisions, etc., the verdict, etc., So-and-so Maslova pronouncedguilty of having caused the death through poison of the merchantSmelkoff, and has, according to Statute 1454 of the penal code,been sentenced to Siberia," etc., etc. He stopped. Evidently, inspite of his being so used to it, he still felt pleasure inlistening to his own productions. "This sentence is the directresult of the most glaring judicial perversion and error," hecontinued, impressively, "and there are grounds for itsrevocation. Firstly, the reading of the medical report of theexamination of Smelkoff's intestines was interrupted by thepresident at the very beginning. This is point one." + +"But it was the prosecuting side that demanded this reading,"Nekhludoff said, with surprise. + +"That does not matter. There might have been reasons for thedefence to demand this reading, too." + +"Oh, but there could have been no reason whatever for that." + +"It is a ground for appeal, though. To continue: ' Secondly,' hewent on reading, 'when Maslova's advocate, in his speech for thedefence, wishing to characterise Maslova's personality, referredto the causes of her fall, he was interrupted by the presidentcalling him to order for the alleged deviation from the directsubject. Yet, as has been repeatedly pointed out by the Senate,the elucidation of the criminal's characteristics and his or hermoral standpoint in general has a significance of the firstimportance in criminal cases, even if only as a guide in thesettling of the question of imputation.' That's point two," hesaid, with a look at Nekhludoff. + +"But he spoke so badly that no one could make anything of it,"Nekhludoff said, still more astonished. + +"The fellow's quite a fool, and of course could not be expectedto say anything sensible," Fanarin said, laughing; "but, all thesame, it will do as a reason for appeal. Thirdly: 'The president,in his summing up, contrary to the direct decree of section 1,statute 801, of the criminal code, omitted to inform the jurywhat the judicial points are that constitute guilt; and did notmention that having admitted the fact of Maslova havingadministered the poison to Smelkoff, the jury had a right not toimpute the guilt of murder to her, since the proofs of wilfulintent to deprive Smelkoff of life were absent, and only topronounce her guilty of carelessness resulting in the death ofthe merchant, which she did not desire.' This is the chiefpoint." + +"Yes; but we ought to have known that ourselves. It was ourmistake." + +"And now the fourth point," the advocate continued. "The form ofthe answer given by the jury contained an evident contradiction.Maslova is accused of wilfully poisoning Smelkoff, her one objectbeing that of cupidity, the only motive to commit murder shecould have had. The jury in their verdict acquit her of theintent to rob, or participation in the stealing of valuables,from which it follows that they intended also to acquit her ofthe intent to murder, and only through a misunderstanding, whicharose from the incompleteness of the president's summing up,omitted to express it in due form in their answer. Therefore ananswer of this kind by the jury absolutely demanded theapplication of statutes 816 and 808 of the criminal code ofprocedure, i.e., an explanation by the president to the jury ofthe mistake made by them, and another debate on the question ofthe prisoner's guilt." + +"Then why did the president not do it?" + +"I, too, should like to know why," Fanarin said, laughing. + +"Then the Senate will, of course, correct this error?" + +"That will all depend on who will preside there at the time.Well, now, there it is. I have further said," he continued,rapidly, "a verdict of this kind gave the Court no right tocondemn Maslova to be punished as a criminal, and to applysection 3, statute 771 of the penal code to her case. This is adecided and gross violation of the basic principles of ourcriminal law. In view of the reasons stated, I have the honour ofappealing to you, etc., etc., the refutation, according to 909,910, and section 2, 912 and 928 statute of the criminal code,etc., etc. . . . to carry this case before another department ofthe same Court for a further examination. There; all that can bedone is done, but, to be frank, I have little hope of success,though, of course, it all depends on what members will be presentat the Senate. If you have any influence there you can but try." + +"I do know some." + +All right; only be quick about it. Else they'll all go off for achange of air; then you may have to wait three months before theyreturn. Then, in case of failure, we have still the possibilityof appealing to His Majesty. This, too, depends on the privateinfluence you can bring to work. In this case, too, I am at yourservice; I mean as to the working of the petition, not theinfluence." + +"Thank you. Now as to your fees?" + +"My assistant will hand you the petition and tell you." + +"One thing more. The Procureur gave me a pass for visiting thisperson in prison, but they tell me I must also get a permissionfrom the governor in order to get an interview at another timeand in another place than those appointed. Is this necessary?" + +"Yes, I think so. But the governor is away at present; avice-governor is in his place. And he is such an impenetrablefool that you'll scarcely be able to do anything with him." + +"Is it Meslennikoff?" + +"Yes." + +"I know him," said Nekhludoff, and got up to go. At this moment ahorribly ugly, little, bony, snub-nosed, yellow-faced woman flewinto the room. It was the advocate's wife, who did not seem to bein the least bit troubled by her ugliness. She was attired in themost original manner; she seemed enveloped in something made ofvelvet and silk, something yellow and green, and her thin hairwas crimped. + +She stepped out triumphantly into the ante-room, followed by atall, smiling man, with a greenish complexion, dressed in a coatwith silk facings, and a white tie. This was an author.Nekhludoff knew him by sight. + +She opened the cabinet door and said, "Anatole, you must come tome. Here is Simeon Ivanovitch, who will read his poems, and youmust absolutely come and read about Garshin." + +Nekhludoff noticed that she whispered something to her husband,and, thinking it was something concerning him, wished to go away,but she caught him up and said: "I beg your pardon, Prince, Iknow you, and, thinking an introduction superfluous, I beg you tostay and take part in our literary matinee. It will be mostinteresting. M. Fanarin will read." + +"You see what a lot I have to do," said Fanarin, spreading outhis hands and smilingly pointing to his wife, as if to show howimpossible it was to resist so charming a creature. + +Nekhludoff thanked the advocate's wife with extreme politenessfor the honour she did him in inviting him, but refused theinvitation with a sad and solemn look, and left the room. + +"What an affected fellow!" said the advocate's wife, when he hadgone out. + +In the ante-room the assistant handed him a ready-writtenpetition, and said that the fees, including the business with theSenate and the commission, would come to 1,000 roubles, andexplained that M. Fanarin did not usually undertake this kind ofbusiness, but did it only to oblige Nekhludoff. + +"And about this petition. Who is to sign it?" + +"The prisoner may do it herself, or if this is inconvenient, M.Fanarin can, if he gets a power of attorney from her." + +Oh, no. I shall take the petition to her and get her to sign it,"said Nekhludoff, glad of the opportunity of seeing her before theappointed day. + +CHAPTER XLVI. + +A PRISON FLOGGING. + +At the usual time the jailer's whistle sounded in the corridors ofthe prison, the iron doors of the cells rattled, bare feetpattered, heels clattered, and the prisoners who acted asscavengers passed along the corridors, filling the air withdisgusting smells. The prisoners washed, dressed, and came outfor revision, then went to get boiling water for their tea. + +The conversation at breakfast in all the cells was very lively.It was all about two prisoners who were to be flogged that day.One, Vasiliev, was a young man of some education, a clerk, whohad killed his mistress in a fit of jealousy. Hisfellow-prisoners liked him because he was merry and generous andfirm in his behaviour with the prison authorities. He knew thelaws and insisted on their being carried out. Therefore he wasdisliked by the authorities. Three weeks before a jailer struckone of the scavengers who had spilt some soup over his newuniform. Vasiliev took the part of the scavenger, saying that itwas not lawful to strike a prisoner. + +"I'll teach you the law," said the jailer, and gave Vasiliev ascolding. Vasiliev replied in like manner, and the jailer wasgoing to hit him, but Vasiliev seized the jailer's hands, heldthem fast for about three minutes, and, after giving the hands atwist, pushed the jailer out of the door. The jailer complainedto the inspector, who ordered Vasiliev to be put into a solitarycell. + +The solitary cells were a row of dark closets, locked fromoutside, and there were neither beds, nor chairs, nor tables inthem, so that the inmates had to sit or lie on the dirty floor,while the rats, of which there were a great many in those cells,ran across them. The rats were so bold that they stole the breadfrom the prisoners, and even attacked them if they stoppedmoving. Vasiliev said he would not go into the solitary cell,because he had not done anything wrong; but they used force. Thenhe began struggling, and two other prisoners helped him to freehimself from the jailers. All the jailers assembled, and amongthem was Petrov, who was distinguished for his strength. Theprisoners got thrown down and pushed into the solitary cells. + +The governor was immediately informed that something very like arebellion had taken place. And he sent back an order to flog thetwo chief offenders, Vasiliev and the tramp, Nepomnishy, givingeach thirty strokes with a birch rod. The flogging was appointedto take place in the women's interviewing-room. + +All this was known in the prison since the evening, and it wasbeing talked about with animation in all the cells. + +Korableva, Khoroshevka, Theodosia, and Maslova sat together intheir corner, drinking tea, all of them flushed and animated bythe vodka they had drunk, for Maslova, who now had a constantsupply of vodka, freely treated her companions to it. + +"He's not been a-rioting, or anything," Korableva said, referringto Vasiliev, as she bit tiny pieces off a lump of sugar with herstrong teeth. "He only stuck up for a chum, because it's notlawful to strike prisoners nowadays." + +"And he's a fine fellow, I've heard say," said Theodosia, who satbareheaded, with her long plaits round her head, on a log of woodopposite the shelf bedstead on which the teapot stood. + +"There, now, if you were to ask HIM," the watchman's wife said toMaslova (by him she meant Nekhludoff). + +"I shall tell him. He'll do anything for me," Maslova said,tossing her head, and smiling. + +"Yes, but when is he coming? and they've already gone to fetchthem," said Theodosia. "It is terrible," she added, with a sigh. + +"I once did see how they flogged a peasant in the village.Father-in-law, he sent me once to the village elder. Well, Iwent, and there" . . . The watchman's wife began her long story,which was interrupted by the sound of voices and steps in thecorridor above them. + +The women were silent, and sat listening. + +"There they are, hauling him along, the devils!" Khoroshavkasaid. "They'll do him to death, they will. The jailers are soenraged with him because he never would give in to them." + +All was quiet again upstairs, and the watchman's wife finishedher story of how she was that frightened when she went into thebarn and saw them flogging a peasant, her inside turned at thesight, and so on. Khoroshevka related how Schegloff had beenflogged, and never uttered a sound. Then Theodosia put away thetea things, and Korableva and the watchman's wife took up theirsewing. Maslova sat down on the bedstead, with her arms round herknees, dull and depressed. She was about to lie down and try tosleep, when the woman warder called her into the office to see avisitor. + +"Now, mind, and don't forget to tell him about us," the old woman(Menshova) said, while Maslova was arranging the kerchief on herhead before the dim looking-glass. "We did not set fire to thehouse, but he himself, the fiend, did it; his workman saw him doit, and will not damn his soul by denying it. You just tell toask to see my Mitri. Mitri will tell him all about it, as plainas can be. just think of our being locked up in prison when wenever dreamt of any ill, while he, the fiend, is enjoying himselfat the pub, with another man's wife." + +"That's not the law," remarked Korableva. + +"I'll tell him--I'll tell him," answered Maslova. "Suppose I haveanother drop, just to keep up courage," she added, with a wink;and Korableva poured out half a cup of vodka, which Maslovadrank. Then, having wiped her mouth and repeating the words "justto keep up courage," tossing her head and smiling gaily, shefollowed the warder along the corridor. + +CHAPTER XLVII. + +NEKHLUDOFF AGAIN VISITS MASLOVA. + +Nekhludoff had to wait in the hall for a long time. When he hadarrived at the prison and rung at the entrance door, he handedthe permission of the Procureur to the jailer on duty who methim. + +"No, no," the jailer on duty said hurriedly, "the inspector isengaged." + +"In the office?" asked Nekhludoff. + +"No, here in the interviewing-room.". + +"Why, is it a visiting day to-day? + +"No; it's special business." + +"I should like to see him. What am I to do?" said Nekhludoff. + +"When the inspector comes out you'll tell him--wait a bit," saidthe jailer. + +At this moment a sergeant-major, with a smooth, shiny face andmoustaches impregnated with tobacco smoke, came out of a sidedoor, with the gold cords of his uniform glistening, andaddressed the jailer in a severe tone. + +"What do you mean by letting any one in here? The office. . . ." + +"I was told the inspector was here," said Nekhludoff, surprisedat the agitation he noticed in the sergeant-major's manner. + +At this moment the inner door opened, and Petrov came out, heatedand perspiring. + +"He'll remember it," he muttered, turning to the sergeant major.The latter pointed at Nekhludoff by a look, and Petrov knittedhis brows and went out through a door at the back. + +"Who will remember it? Why do they all seem so confused? Why didthe sergeant-major make a sign to him? Nekhludoff thought. + +The sergeant-major, again addressing Nekhludoff, said: "Youcannot meet here; please step across to the office." AndNekhludoff was about to comply when the inspector came out of thedoor at the back, looking even more confused than hissubordinates, and sighing continually. When he saw Nekhludoff heturned to the jailer. + +"Fedotoff, have Maslova, cell 5, women's ward, taken to theoffice." + +"Will you come this way, please," he said, turning to Nekhludoff.They ascended a steep staircase and entered a little room withone window, a writing-table, and a few chairs in it. Theinspector sat down. + +"Mine are heavy, heavy duties," he remarked, again addressingNekhludoff, and took out a cigarette. + +"You are tired, evidently," said Nekhludoff. + +Tired of the whole of the service--the duties are very trying.One tries to lighten their lot and only makes it worse; my onlythought is how to get away. Heavy, heavy duties!" + +Nekhludoff did not know what the inspector's particulardifficulties were, but he saw that to-day he was in a peculiarlydejected and hopeless condition, calling for pity." + +"Yes, I should think the duties were heavy for a kind-heartedman," he said. "Why do you serve in this capacity? + +"I have a family." + +"But, if it is so hard--" + +"Well, still you know it is possible to be of use in somemeasure; I soften down all I can. Another in my place wouldconduct the affairs quite differently. Why, we have more than2,000 persons here. And what persons! One must know how to managethem. It is easier said than done, you know. After all, they arealso men; one cannot help pitying them." The inspector begantelling Nekhludoff of a fight that had lately taken place amongthe convicts, which had ended by one man being killed. + +The story was interrupted by the entrance of Maslova, who wasaccompanied by a jailer. + +Nekhludoff saw her through the doorway before she had noticed theinspector. She was following the warder briskly, smiling andtossing her head. When she saw the inspector she suddenlychanged, and gazed at him with a frightened look; but, quicklyrecovering, she addressed Nekhludoff boldly and gaily. + +"How d'you do?" she said, drawling out her words, andResurrection smilingly took his hand and shook it vigorously, notlike the first time. + +"Here, I've brought you a petition to sign," said Nekhludoff,rather surprised by the boldness with which she greeted himto-day. + +"The advocate has written out a petition which you will have tosign, and then we shall send it to Petersburg." + +"All right! That can be done. Anything you like," she said, witha wink and a smile. + +And Nekhludoff drew a folded paper from his pocket and went up tothe table. + +"May she sign it here?" asked Nekhludoff, turning to theinspector. + +"It's all right, it's all right! Sit down. Here's a pen; you canwrite?" said the inspector. + +"I could at one time," she said; and, after arranging her skirtand the sleeves of her jacket, she sat down at the table, smiledawkwardly, took the pen with her small, energetic hand, andglanced at Nekhludoff with a laugh. + +Nekhludoff told her what to write and pointed out the place whereto sign. + +Sighing deeply as she dipped her pen into the ink, and carefullyshaking some drops off the pen, she wrote her name. + +"Is it all?" she asked, looking from Nekhludoff to the inspector,and putting the pen now on the inkstand, now on the papers. + +"I have a few words to tell you," Nekhludoff said, taking the penfrom her. + +"All right; tell me," she said. And suddenly, as if rememberingsomething, or feeling sleepy, she grew serious. + +The inspector rose and left the room, and Nekhludoff remainedwith her. + +CHAPTER XLVIII. + +MASLOVA REFUSES TO MARRY. + +The jailer who had brought Maslova in sat on a windowsill at somedistance from them. + +The decisive moment had come for Nekhludoff. He had beenincessantly blaming himself for not having told her the principalthing at the first interview, and was now determined to tell herthat he would marry her. She was sitting at the further side ofthe table. Nekhludoff sat down opposite her. It was light in theroom, and Nekhludoff for the first time saw her face quite near.He distinctly saw the crowsfeet round her eyes, the wrinklesround her mouth, and the swollen eyelids. He felt more sorry thanbefore. Leaning over the table so as not to be beard by thejailer--a man of Jewish type with grizzly whiskers, who sat bythe window--Nekhludoff said: + +"Should this petition come to nothing we shall appeal to theEmperor. All that is possible shall be done." + +"There, now, if we had had a proper advocate from the first," sheinterrupted. "My defendant was quite a silly. He did nothing butpay me compliments," she said, and laughed. "If it had then beenknown that I was acquainted with you, it would have been anothermatter. They think every one's a thief." + +"How strange she is to-day," Nekhludoff thought, and was justgoing to say what he had on his mind when she began again: + +"There's something I want to say. We have here an old woman; sucha fine one, d'you know, she just surprises every one; she isimprisoned for nothing, and her son, too, and everybody knowsthey are innocent, though they are accused of having set fire toa house. D'you know, hearing I was acquainted with you, she says:'Tell him to ask to see my son; he'll tell him all about it."'Thus spoke Maslova, turning her head from side to side, andglancing at Nekhludoff. "Their name's Menshoff. Well, will you doit? Such a fine old thing, you know; you can see at once she'sinnocent. You'll do it, there's a dear," and she smiled, glancedup at him, and then cast down her eyes. + +"All right. I'll find out about them," Nekhludoff said, more andmore astonished by her free-and-easy manner. "But I was going tospeak to you about myself. Do you remember what I told you lasttime?" + +"You said a lot last time. What was it you told me?" she said,continuing to smile and to turn her head from side to side. + +"I said I had come to ask you to forgive me," he began. + +"What's the use of that? Forgive, forgive, where's the good of--" + +"To atone for my sin, not by mere words, but in deed. I have madeup my mind to marry you." + +An expression of fear suddenly came over her face. Her squintingeyes remained fixed on him, and yet seemed not to be looking athim. + +"What's that for?" she said, with an angry frown. + +"I feel that it is my duty before God to do it." + +"What God have you found now? You are not saying what you oughtto. God, indeed! What God? You ought to have remembered Godthen," she said, and stopped with her mouth open. It was only nowthat Nekhludoff noticed that her breath smelled of spirits, andthat he understood the cause of her excitement. + +"Try and be calm," he said. + +"Why should I be calm?" she began, quickly, flushing scarlet. "Iam a convict, and you are a gentleman and a prince. There's noneed for you to soil yourself by touching me. You go to yourprincesses; my price is a ten-rouble note." + +"However cruelly you may speak, you cannot express what I myselfam feeling," he said, trembling all over; "you cannot imagine towhat extent I feel myself guilty towards you. + +"Feel yourself guilty?" she said, angrily mimicking him. "You didnot feel so then, but threw me 100 roubles. That's your price." + +"I know, I know; but what is to be done now?" said Nekhludoff. "Ihave decided not to leave you, and what I have said I shall do." + +"And I say you sha'n't," she said, and laughed aloud. + +"Katusha" he said, touching her hand. + +"You go away. I am a convict and you a prince, and you've nobusiness here," she cried, pulling away her hand, her wholeappearance transformed by her wrath. "You've got pleasure out ofme in this life, and want to save yourself through me in the lifeto come. You are disgusting to me--your spectacles and the wholeof your dirty fat mug. Go, go!" she screamed, starting to herfeet. + +The jailer came up to them. + +"What are you kicking up this row for?' That won't--" + +"Let her alone, please," said Nekhludoff. + +"She must not forget herself," said the jailer. "Please wait alittle," said Nekhludoff, and the jailer returned to the window. + +Maslova sat down again, dropping her eyes and firmly clasping hersmall hands. + +Nekhludoff stooped over her, not knowing what to do. + +"You do not believe me?" he said. + +"That you mean to marry me? It will never be. I'll rather hangmyself. So there!" + +"Well, still I shall go on serving you." + +"That's your affair, only I don't want anything from you. I amtelling you the plain truth," she said. "Oh, why did I not diethen?" she added, and began to cry piteously. + +Nekhludoff could not speak; her tears infected him. + +She lifted her eyes, looked at him in surprise, and began to wipeher tears with her kerchief. + +The jailer came up again and reminded them that it was time topart. + +Maslova rose. + +"You are excited. If it is possible, I shall come again tomorrow;you think it over," said Nekhludoff. + +She gave him no answer and, without looking up, followed thejailer out of the room. + +"Well, lass, you'll have rare times now," Korableva said, whenMaslova returned to the cell. "Seems he's mighty sweet on you;make the most of it while he's after you. He'll help you out.Rich people can do anything." + +"Yes, that's so," remarked the watchman's wife, with her musicalvoice. "When a poor man thinks of getting married, there's many aslip 'twixt the cup and the lip; but a rich man need only make uphis mind and it's done. We knew a toff like that duckie. Whatd'you think he did?" + +"Well, have you spoken about my affairs?" the old woman asked. + +But Maslova gave her fellow-prisoners no answer; she lay down onthe shelf bedstead, her squinting eyes fixed on a corner of theroom, and lay there until the evening. + +A painful struggle went on in her soul. What Nekhludoff had toldher called up the memory of that world in which she had sufferedand which she had left without having understood, hating it. Shenow feared to wake from the trance in which she was living. Nothaving arrived at any conclusion when evening came, she againbought some vodka and drank with her companions. + +CHAPTER XLIX. + +VERA DOUKHOVA. + +"So this is what it means, this," thought Nekhludoff as he leftthe prison, only now fully understanding his crime. If he had nottried to expiate his guilt he would never have found out howgreat his crime was. Nor was this all; she, too, would never havefelt the whole horror of what had been done to her. He only nowsaw what he had done to the soul of this woman; only now she sawand understood what had been done to her. + +Up to this time Nekhludoff had played with a sensation ofself-admiration, had admired his own remorse; now he was simplyfilled with horror. He knew he could not throw her up now, andyet he could not imagine what would come of their relations toone another. + +Just as he was going out, a jailer, with a disagreeable,insinuating countenance, and a cross and medals on his breast,came up and handed him a note with an air of mystery. + +"Here is a note from a certain person, your honour," he said toNekhludoff as he gave him the envelope. + +"What person?" + +"You will know when you read it. A political prisoner. I am inthat ward, so she asked me; and though it is against the rules,still feelings of humanity--" The jailer spoke in an unnaturalmanner. + +Nekhludoff was surprised that a jailer of the ward wherepolitical prisoners were kept should pass notes inside the veryprison walls, and almost within sight of every one; he did notthen know that this was both a jailer and a spy. However, he tookthe note and read it on coming out of the prison. + +The note was written in a bold hand, and ran as follows: Havingheard that you visit the prison, and are interested in the caseof a criminal prisoner, the desire of seeing you arose in me. Askfor a permission to see me. I can give you a good deal ofinformation concerning your protegee, and also our group.--Yoursgratefully, VERA DOUKHOVA." + +Vera Doukhova had been a school-teacher in an out-of-the-wayvillage of the Novgorod Government, where Nekhludoff and somefriends of his had once put up while bear hunting. Nekhludoffgladly and vividly recalled those old days, and his acquaintancewith Doukhova. It was just before Lent, in an isolated spot, 40miles from the railway. The hunt had been successful; two bearshad been killed; and the company were having dinner beforestarting on their return journey, when the master of the hutwhere they were putting up came in to say that the deacon'sdaughter wanted to speak to Prince Nekhludoff. "Is she pretty?"some one asked. "None of that, please," Nekhludoff said, and rosewith a serious look on his face. Wiping his mouth, and wonderingwhat the deacon's daughter might want of him, he went into thehost's private hut. + +There he found a girl with a felt hat and a warm cloak on--asinewy, ugly girl; only her eyes with their arched brows werebeautiful. + +"Here, miss, speak to him," said the old housewife; "this is theprince himself. I shall go out meanwhile." + +"In what way can I be of service to you?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"I--I--I see you are throwing away your money on suchnonsense--on hunting," began the girl, in great confusion. "Iknow--I only want one thing--to be of use to the people, and Ican do nothing because I know nothing--" Her eyes were sotruthful, so kind, and her expression of resoluteness and yetbashfulness was so touching, that Nekhludoff, as it oftenhappened to him, suddenly felt as if he were in her position,understood, and sympathised. + +"What can I do, then?" + +"I am a teacher, but should like to follow a course of study; andI am not allowed to do so. That is, not that I am not allowed to;they'd allow me to, but I have not got the means. Give them tome, and when I have finished the course I shall repay you. I amthinking the rich kill bears and give the peasants drink; allthis is bad. Why should they not do good? I only want 80 roubles.But if you don't wish to, never mind," she added, gravely. + +"On the contrary, I am very grateful to you for this opportunity.. . I will bring it at once," said Nekhludoff. + +He went out into the passage, and there met one of his comrades,who had been overhearing his conversation. Paying no heed to hischaffing, Nekhludoff got the money out of his bag and took it toher. + +"Oh, please, do not thank me; it is I who should thank you," hesaid. + +It was pleasant to remember all this now; pleasant to rememberthat he had nearly had a quarrel with an officer who tried tomake an objectionable joke of it, and how another of his comradeshad taken his part, which led to a closer friendship betweenthem. How successful the whole of that hunting expedition hadbeen, and how happy he had felt when returning to the railwaystation that night. The line of sledges, the horses in tandem,glide quickly along the narrow road that lies through the forest,now between high trees, now between low firs weighed down by thesnow, caked in heavy lumps on their branches. A red light flashesin the dark, some one lights an aromatic cigarette. Joseph, abear driver, keeps running from sledge to sledge, up to his kneesin snow, and while putting things to rights he speaks about theelk which are now going about on the deep snow and gnawing thebark off the aspen trees, of the bears that are lying asleep intheir deep hidden dens, and his breath comes warm through theopening in the sledge cover. All this came back to Nekhludoff'smind; but, above all, the joyous sense of health, strength, andfreedom from care: the lungs breathing in the frosty air sodeeply that the fur cloak is drawn tightly on his chest, the finesnow drops off the low branches on to his face, his body is warm,his face feels fresh, and his soul is free from care,self-reproach, fear, or desire. How beautiful it was. And now, OGod! what torment, what trouble! + +Evidently Vera Doukhova was a revolutionist and imprisoned assuch. He must see her, especially as she promised to advise himhow to lighten Maslova's lot. + +CHAPTER L. + +THE VICE-GOVERNOR OF THE PRISON. + +Awaking early the next morning, Nekhludoff remembered what he haddone the day before, and was seized with fear. + +But in spite of this fear, he was more determined than ever tocontinue what he had begun. + +Conscious of a sense of duty, he left the house and went to seeMaslennikoff in order to obtain from him a permission to visitMaslova in prison, and also the Menshoffs--mother and son--aboutwhom Maslova had spoken to him. Nekhludoff had known thisMaslennikoff a long time; they had been in the regiment together.At that time Maslennikoff was treasurer to the regiment. + +He was a kind-hearted and zealous officer, knowing and wishing toknow nothing beyond the regiment and the Imperial family. NowNekhludoff saw him as an administrator, who had exchanged theregiment for an administrative office in the government where helived. He was married to a rich and energetic woman, who hadforced him to exchange military for civil service. She laughed athim, and caressed him, as if he were her own pet animal.Nekhludoff had been to see them once during the winter, but thecouple were so uninteresting to him that he had not gone again. + +At the sight of Nekhludoff Maslennikoff's face beamed all over.He had the same fat red face, and was as corpulent and as welldressed as in his military days. Then, he used to be alwaysdressed in a well-brushed uniform, made according to the latestfashion, tightly fitting his chest and shoulders; now, it was acivil service uniform he wore, and that, too, tightly fitted hiswell-fed body and showed off his broad chest, and was cutaccording to the latest fashion. In spite of the difference inage (Maslennikoff was 40), the two men were very familiar withone another. + +"Halloo, old fellow! How good of you to come! Let us go and seemy wife. I have just ten minutes to spare before the meeting. Mychief is away, you know. I am at the head of the Governmentadministration," he said, unable to disguise his satisfaction. + +"I have come on business." + +"What is it?" said Maslennikoff, in an anxious and severe tone,putting himself at once on his guard. + +"There is a person, whom I am very much interested in, in prison"(at the word "prison" Maslennikoff's face grew stern); "and Ishould like to have an interview in the office, and not in thecommon visiting-room. I have been told it depended on you." + +"Certainly, mon cher," said Maslennikoff, putting both hands onNekhludoff's knees, as if to tone down his grandeur; "butremember, I am monarch only for an hour." + +"Then will you give me an order that will enable me to see her?" + +"It's a woman?" + +"Yes." + +"What is she there for?" + +"Poisoning, but she has been unjustly condemned." + +"Yes, there you have it, your justice administered by jury, ilsn'en font point d'autres," he said, for some unknown reason, inFrench. "I know you do not agree with me, but it can't be helped,c'est mon opinion bien arretee," he added, giving utterance to anopinion he had for the last twelve months been reading in theretrograde Conservative paper. "I know you are a Liberal." + +"I don't know whether I am a Liberal or something else,"Nekhludoff said, smiling; it always surprised him to find himselfranked with a political party and called a Liberal, when hemaintained that a man should be heard before he was judged, thatbefore being tried all men were equal, that nobody at all oughtto be ill-treated and beaten, but especially those who had notyet been condemned by law. "I don't know whether I am a Liberalor not; but I do know that however had the present way ofconducting a trial is, it is better than the old." + +"And whom have you for an advocate?" + +"I have spoken to Fanarin." + +"Dear me, Fanarin!" said Meslennikoff, with a grimace,recollecting how this Fanarin had examined him as a witness at atrial the year before and had, in the politest manner, held himup to ridicule for half an hour. + +"I should not advise you to have anything to do with him.Fanarin est un homme tare." + +"I have one more request to make," said Nekhludoff, withoutanswering him. "There's a girl whom I knew long ago, a teacher;she is a very pitiable little thing, and is now also imprisoned,and would like to see me. Could you give me a permission to visither?" + +Meslennikoff bent his head on one side and considered. + +"She's a political one?" + +"Yes, I have been told so." + +"Well, you see, only relatives get permission to visit politicalprisoners. Still, I'll give you an open order. Je sais que vousn'abuserez pas. What's the name of your protegee? Doukhova? Elleest jolie?" + +"Hideuse." + +Maslennikoff shook his head disapprovingly, went up to the table,and wrote on a sheet of paper, with a printed heading: "Thebearer, Prince Dmitri Ivanovitch Nekhludoff, is to be allowed tointerview in the prison office the meschanka Maslova, and alsothe medical assistant, Doukhova," and he finished with anelaborate flourish. + +"Now you'll be able to see what order we have got there. And itis very difficult to keep order, it is so crowded, especiallywith people condemned to exile; but I watch strictly, and lovethe work. You will see they are very comfortable and contented.But one must know how to deal with them. Only a few days ago wehad a little trouble--insubordination; another would have calledit mutiny, and would have made many miserable, but with us it allpassed quietly. We must have solicitude on one hand, firmness andpower on the other," and he clenched the fat, white,turquoise-ringed fist, which issued out of the starched cuff ofhis shirt sleeve, fastened with a gold stud. "Solicitude and firmpower." + +"Well, I don't know about that," said Nekhludoff. "I went theretwice, and felt very much depressed." + +"Do you know, you ought to get acquainted with the CountessPassek," continued Maslennikoff, growing talkative. "She hasgiven herself up entirely to this sort of work. Elle faitbeaucoup de bien. Thanks to her--and, perhaps I may add withoutfalse modesty, to me--everything has been changed, changed insuch a way that the former horrors no longer exist, and they arereally quite comfortable there. Well, you'll see. There'sFanarin. I do not know him personally; besides, my socialposition keeps our ways apart; but he is positively a bad man,and besides, he takes the liberty of saying such things in thecourt--such things!" + +"Well, thank you," Nekhludoff said, taking the paper, and withoutlistening further he bade good-day to his former comrade. + +"And won't you go in to see my wife?" + +"No, pray excuse me; I have no time now." + +"Dear me, why she will never forgive me," said Maslennikoff,accompanying his old acquaintance down to the first landing, ashe was in the habit of doing to persons of not the greatest, butthe second greatest importance, with whom he classed Nekhludoff;"now do go in, if only for a moment." + +But Nekhludoff remained firm; and while the footman and thedoor-keeper rushed to give him his stick and overcoat, and openedthe door, outside of which there stood a policeman, Nekhludoffrepeated that he really could not come in. + +"Well, then; on Thursday, please. It is her 'at-home.' I willtell her you will come," shouted Maslennikoff from the stairs. + +CHAPTER LI. + +THE CELLS. + +Nekhludoff drove that day straight from Maslennikoff's to theprison, and went to the inspector's lodging, which he now knew.He was again struck by the sounds of the same piano of inferiorquality; but this time it was not a rhapsody that was beingplayed, but exercises by Clementi, again with the same vigour,distinctness, and quickness. The servant with the bandaged eyesaid the inspector was in, and showed Nekhludoff to a smalldrawing-room, in which there stood a sofa and, in front of it, atable, with a large lamp, which stood on a piece of crochet work,and the paper shade of which was burnt on one side. The chiefinspector entered, with his usual sad and weary look. + +"Take a seat, please. What is it you want?" he said, buttoning upthe middle button of his uniform. + +"I have just been to the vice-governor's, and got this order fromhim. I should like to see the prisoner Maslova." + +"Markova?" asked the inspector, unable to bear distinctly becauseof the music. + +"Maslova!" + +"Well, yes." The inspector got up and went to the door whenceproceeded Clementi's roulades. + +"Mary, can't you stop just a minute?" he said, in a voice thatshowed that this music was the bane of his life. "One can't heara word." + +The piano was silent, but one could hear the sound of reluctantsteps, and some one looked in at the door. + +The inspector seemed to feel eased by the interval of silence,lit a thick cigarette of weak tobacco, and offered one toNekhludoff. + +Nekhludoff refused. + +"What I want is to see Maslova." + +"Oh, yes, that can be managed. Now, then, what do you want?" hesaid, addressing a little girl of five or six, who came into theroom and walked up to her father with her head turned towardsNekhludoff, and her eyes fixed on him. + +"There, now, you'll fall down," said the inspector, smiling, asthe little girl ran up to him, and, not looking where she wasgoing, caught her foot in a little rug. + +"Well, then, if I may, I shall go." + +"It's not very convenient to see Maslova to-day," said theinspector. + +"How's that?" + +"Well, you know, it's all your own fault," said the inspector,with a slight smile. "Prince, give her no money into her hands.If you like, give it me. I will keep it for her. You see, yougave her some money yesterday; she got some spirits (it's an evilwe cannot manage to root out), and to-day she is quite tipsy,even violent." + +"Can this be true?" + +"Oh, yes, it is. I have even been obliged to have recourse tosevere measures, and to put her into a separate cell. She is aquiet woman in an ordinary way. But please do not give her anymoney. These people are so--" What had happened the day beforecame vividly back to Nekhludoff's mind, and again he was seizedwith fear. + +"And Doukhova, a political prisoner; might I see her?" + +"Yes, if you like," said the inspector. He embraced the littlegirl, who was still looking at Nekhludoff, got up, and, tenderlymotioning her aside, went into the ante-room. Hardly had he gotinto the overcoat which the maid helped him to put on, and beforehe had reached the door, the distinct sounds of Clementi'sroulades again began. + +"She entered the Conservatoire, but there is such disorder there.She has a great gift," said the inspector, as they went down thestairs. "She means to play at concerts." + +The inspector and Nekhludoff arrived at the prison. The gateswere instantly opened as they appeared. The jailers, with theirfingers lifted to their caps, followed the inspector with theireyes. Four men, with their heads half shaved, who were carryingtubs filled with something, cringed when they saw the inspector.One of them frowned angrily, his black eyes glaring. + +"Of course a talent like that must be developed; it would not doto bury it, but in a small lodging, you know, it is rather hard."The inspector went on with the conversation, taking no notice ofthe prisoners. + +"Who is it you want to see?" + +"Doukhova." + +"Oh, she's in the tower. You'll have to wait a little," he said. + +"Might I not meanwhile see the prisoners Menshoff, mother andson, who are accused of incendiarism?" + +"Oh, yes. Cell No. 21. Yes, they can be sent for." + +"But might I not see Menshoff in his cell?" + +"Oh, you'll find the waiting-room more pleasant." + +"No. I should prefer the cell. It is more interesting." + +Well, you have found something to be interested in!" + +Here the assistant, a smartly-dressed officer, entered the sidedoor. + +"Here, see the Prince into Menshoff's cell, No. 21," said theinspector to his assistant, "and then take him to the office. AndI'll go and call--What's her name?" Vera Doukhova." + +The inspector's assistant was young, with dyed moustaches, anddiffusing the smell of eau-de-cologne. "This way, please," hesaid to Nekhludoff, with a pleasant smile. "Our establishmentinterests you?" + +"Yes, it does interest me; and, besides, I look upon it as a dutyto help a man who I heard was confined here, though innocent." + +The assistant shrugged his shoulders. + +"Yes, that may happen," he said quietly, politely stepping asideto let the visitor enter, the stinking corridor first. "But italso happens that they lie. Here we are." + +The doors of the cells were open, and some of the prisoners werein the corridor. The assistant nodded slightly to the jailers,and cast a side glance at the prisoners, who, keeping close tothe wall, crept back to their cells, or stood like soldiers, withtheir arms at their sides, following the official with theireyes. After passing through one corridor, the assistant showedNekhludoff into another to the left, separated from the first byan iron door. This corridor was darker, and smelt even worse thanthe first. The corridor had doors on both sides, with littleholes in them about an inch in diameter. There was only an oldjailer, with an unpleasant face, in this corridor. + +"Where is Menshoff?" asked the inspector's assistant. + +"The eighth cell to the left." + +"And these? Are they occupied?" asked Nekhludoff. + +Yes, all but one." + +CHAPTER LII. + +NO. 21. + +"May I look in?" asked Nekhludoff. + +"Oh, certainly," answered the assistant, smiling, and turned tothe jailer with some question. + +Nekhludoff looked into one of the little holes, and saw a tallyoung man pacing up and down the cell. When the man heard someone at the door he looked up with a frown, but continued walkingup and down. + +Nekhludoff looked into another hole. His eye met another largeeye looking out of the hole at him, and he quickly stepped aside.In the third cell he saw a very small man asleep on the bed,covered, head and all, with his prison cloak. In the fourth abroad-faced man was sitting with his elbows on his knees and hishead low down. At the sound of footsteps this man raised his headand looked up. His face, especially his large eyes, bore theexpression of hopeless dejection. One could see that it did noteven interest him to know who was looking into his cell. Whoeverit might be, he evidently hoped for nothing good from him.Nekhludoff was seized with dread, and went to Menshoff's cell,No. 21, without stopping to look through any more holes. Thejailer unlocked the door and opened it. A young man, with longneck, well-developed muscles, a small head, and kind, round eyes,stood by the bed, hastily putting on his cloak, and looking atthe newcomers with a frightened face. Nekhludoff was speciallystruck by the kind, round eyes that were throwing frightened andinquiring glances in turns at him, at the jailer, and at theassistant, and back again. + +"Here's a gentleman wants to inquire into your affair." + +"Thank you kindly." + +"Yes, I was told about you," Nekhludoff said, going through thecell up to the dirty grated window, "and I should like to hearall about it from yourself." + +Menshoff also came up to the window, and at once started tellinghis story, at first looking shyly at the inspector's assistant,but growing gradually bolder. When the assistant left the celland went into the corridor to give some order the man grew quitebold. The story was told with the accent and in the manner commonto a most ordinary good peasant lad. To hear it told by aprisoner dressed in this degrading clothing, and inside a prison,seemed very strange to Nekhludoff. Nekhludoff listened, and atthe same time kept looking around him--at the low bedstead withits straw mattress, the window and the dirty, damp wall, and thepiteous face and form of this unfortunate, disfigured peasant inhis prison cloak and shoes, and he felt sadder and sadder, andwould have liked not to believe what this good-natured fellow wassaying. It seemed too dreadful to think that men could do such athing as to take a man, dress him in convict clothes, and put himin this horrible place without any reason only because he himselfhad been injured. And yet the thought that this seemingly truestory, told with such a good-natured expression on the face,might be an invention and a lie was still more dreadful. This wasthe story: The village public-house keeper had enticed the youngfellow's wife. He tried to get justice by all sorts of means. Buteverywhere the public-house keeper managed to bribe theofficials, and was acquitted. Once, he took his wife back byforce, but she ran away next day. Then he came to demand herback, but, though he saw her when he came in, the public-housekeeper told him she was not there, and ordered him to go away. Hewould not go, so the public-house keeper and his servant beat himso that they drew blood. The next day a fire broke out in thepublic-house, and the young man and his mother were accused ofhaving set the house on fire. He had not set it on fire, but wasvisiting a friend at the time. + +"And it is true that you did not set it on fire?" + +"It never entered my head to do it, sir. It must be my enemy thatdid it himself. They say he had only just insured it. Then theysaid it was mother and I that did it, and that we had threatenedhim. It is true I once did go for him, my heart couldn't stand itany longer." + +"Can this be true?" + +"God is my witness it is true. Oh, sir, be so good--" andNekhludoff had some difficulty to prevent him from bowing down tothe ground. "You see I am perishing without any reason." His facequivered and he turned up the sleeve of his cloak and began tocry, wiping the tears with the sleeve of his dirty shirt. + +"Are you ready?" asked the assistant. + +"Yes. Well, cheer up. We will consult a good lawyer, and will dowhat we can," said Nekhludoff, and went out. Menshoff stood closeto the door, so that the jailer knocked him in shutting it, andwhile the jailer was locking it he remained looking out throughthe little hole. + +CHAPTER LIII. + +VICTIMS OF GOVERNMENT. + +Passing back along the broad corridor (it was dinner time, andthe cell doors were open), among the men dressed in their lightyellow cloaks, short, wide trousers, and prison shoes, who werelooking eagerly at him, Nekhludoff felt a strange mixture ofsympathy for them, and horror and perplexity at the conduct ofthose who put and kept them here, and, besides, he felt, he knewnot why, ashamed of himself calmly examining it all. + +In one of the corridors, some one ran, clattering with his shoes,in at the door of a cell. Several men came out from here, andstood in Nekhludoff's way, bowing to him. + +"Please, your honour (we don't know what to call you), get ouraffair settled somehow." + +"I am not an official. I know nothing about it." + +"Well, anyhow, you come from outside; tell somebody--one of theauthorities, if need be," said an indignant voice. "Show somepity on us, as a human being. Here we are suffering the secondmonth for nothing." + +"What do you mean? Why?" said Nekhludoff. + +"Why? We ourselves don't know why, but are sitting here thesecond month." + +"Yes, it's quite true, and it is owing to an accident," said theinspector. "These people were taken up because they had nopassports, and ought to have been sent back to their nativegovernment; but the prison there is burnt, and the localauthorities have written, asking us not to send them on. So wehave sent all the other passportless people to their differentgovernments, but are keeping these." + +"What! For no other reason than that?" Nekhludoff exclaimed,stopping at the door. + +A crowd of about forty men, all dressed in prison clothes,surrounded him and the assistant, and several began talking atonce. The assistant stopped them. + +"Let some one of you speak." + +A tall, good-looking peasant, a stone-mason, of about fifty,stepped out from the rest. He told Nekhludoff that all of themhad been ordered back to their homes and were now being kept inprison because they had no passports, yet they had passportswhich were only a fortnight overdue. The same thing had happenedevery year; they had many times omitted to renew their passportstill they were overdue, and nobody had ever said anything; butthis year they had been taken up and were being kept in prisonthe second month, as if they were criminals. + +"We are all masons, and belong to the same artel. We are toldthat the prison in our government is burnt, but this is not ourfault. Do help us." + +Nekhludoff listened, but hardly understood what the good-lookingold man was saying, because his attention was riveted to a large,dark-grey, many-legged louse that was creeping along thegood-looking man's cheek. + +"How's that? Is it possible for such a reason?" Nekhludoff said,turning to the assistant. + +"Yes, they should have been sent off and taken back to theirhomes," calmly said the assistant, "but they seem to have beenforgotten or something." + +Before the assistant had finished, a small, nervous man, also inprison dress, came out of the crowd, and, strangely contortinghis mouth, began to say that they were being ill-used fornothing. + +"Worse than dogs," he began. + +"Now, now; not too much of this. Hold your tongue, or you know--" + +"What do I know?" screamed the little man, desperately. "What isour crime?" + +"Silence!" shouted the assistant, and the little man was silent. + +"But what is the meaning of all this?" Nekhludoff thought tohimself as he came out of the cell, while a hundred eyes werefixed upon him through the openings of the cell doors and fromthe prisoners that met him, making him feel as if he were runningthe gauntlet. + +"Is it really possible that perfectly innocent people are kepthere?" Nekhludoff uttered when they left the corridor. + +"What would you have us do? They lie so. To hear them talk theyare all of them innocent," said the inspector's assistant. "Butit does happen that some are really imprisoned for nothing." + +"Well, these have done nothing." + +"Yes, we must admit it. Still, the people are fearfully spoilt.There are such types--desperate fellows, with whom one has tolook sharp. To-day two of that sort had to be punished." + +"Punished? How?" + +"Flogged with a birch-rod, by order." + +"But corporal punishment is abolished." + +"Not for such as are deprived of their rights. They are stillliable to it." + +Nekhludoff thought of what he had seen the day before whilewaiting in the hall, and now understood that the punishment wasthen being inflicted, and the mixed feeling of curiosity,depression, perplexity, and moral nausea, that grew into physicalsickness, took hold of him more strongly than ever before. + +Without listening to the inspector's assistant, or looking round,he hurriedly left the corridor, and went to the office. Theinspector was in the office, occupied with other business, andhad forgotten to send for Doukhova. He only remembered hispromise to have her called when Nekhludoff entered the office. + +"Sit down, please. I'll send for her at once," said theinspector. + +CHAPTER LIV. + +PRISONERS AND FRIENDS. + +The office consisted of two rooms. The first room, with a large,dilapidated stove and two dirty windows, had a black measure formeasuring the prisoners in one corner, and in another corner hunga large image of Christ, as is usual in places where they torturepeople. In this room stood several jailers. In the next room satabout twenty persons, men and women in groups and in pairs,talking in low voices. There was a writing table by the window. + +The inspector sat down by the table, and offered Nekhludoff achair beside him. Nekhludoff sat down, and looked at the peoplein the room. + +The first who drew his attention was a young man with a pleasantface, dressed in a short jacket, standing in front of amiddle-aged woman with dark eyebrows, and he was eagerly tellingher something and gesticulating with his hands. Beside them satan old man, with blue spectacles, holding the hand of a youngwoman in prisoner's clothes, who was telling him something. Aschoolboy, with a fixed, frightened look on his face, was gazingat the old man. In one corner sat a pair of lovers. She was quiteyoung and pretty, and had short, fair hair, looked energetic, andwas elegantly dressed; he had fine features, wavy hair, and worea rubber jacket. They sat in their corner and seemed stupefiedwith love. Nearest to the table sat a grey-haired woman dressedin black, evidently the mother of a young, consumptive-lookingfellow, in the same kind of jacket. Her head lay on his shoulder.She was trying to say something, but the tears prevented her fromspeaking; she began several times, but had to stop. The young manheld a paper in his hand, and, apparently not knowing what to do,kept folding and pressing it with an angry look on his face. + +Beside them was a short-haired, stout, rosy girl, with veryprominent eyes, dressed in a grey dress and a cape; she satbeside the weeping mother, tenderly stroking her. Everythingabout this girl was beautiful; her large, white hands, her short,wavy hair, her firm nose and lips, but the chief charm of herface lay in her kind, truthful hazel eyes. The beautiful eyesturned away from the mother for a moment when Nekhludoff came in,and met his look. But she turned back at once and said somethingto the mother. + +Not far from the lovers a dark, dishevelled man, with a gloomyface, sat angrily talking to a beardless visitor, who looked asif he belonged to the Scoptsy sect. + +At the very door stood a young man in a rubber jacket, who seemedmore concerned about the impression he produced on the onlookerthan about what he was saying. Nekhludoff, sitting by theinspector's side, looked round with strained curiosity. A littleboy with closely-cropped hair came up to him and addressed him ina thin little voice. + +"And whom are you waiting for?" + +Nekhludoff was surprised at the question, but looking at the boy,and seeing the serious little face with its bright, attentiveeyes fixed on him, answered him seriously that he was waiting fora woman of his acquaintance. + +"Is she, then, your sister?" the boy asked. + +"No, not my sister," Nekhludoff answered in surprise. + +"And with whom are you here?" he inquired of the boy. + +"I? With mamma; she is a political one," he replied. + +"Mary Pavlovna, take Kolia!" said the inspector, evidentlyconsidering Nekhludoff's conversation with the boy illegal. + +Mary Pavlovna, the beautiful girl who had attracted Nekhludoff'sattention, rose tall and erect, and with firm, almost manlysteps, approached Nekhludoff and the boy. + +"What is he asking you? Who you are?" she inquired with a slightsmile, and looking straight into his face with a trustful look inher kind, prominent eyes, and as simply as if there could be nodoubt whatever that she was and must be on sisterly terms witheverybody. + +"He likes to know everything," she said, looking at the boy withso sweet and kind a smile that both the boy and Nekhludoff wereobliged to smile back. + +"He was asking me whom I have come to see." + +"Mary Pavlovna, it is against the rules to speak to strangers.You know it is," said the inspector. + +"All right, all right," she said, and went back to theconsumptive lad's mother, holding Kolia's little hand in herlarge, white one, while he continued gazing up into her face. + +"Whose is this little boy?" Nekhludoff asked of the inspector. + +"His mother is a political prisoner, and he was born in prison,"said the inspector, in a pleased tone, as if glad to point outhow exceptional his establishment was. + +"Is it possible?" + +"Yes, and now he is going to Siberia with her." + +"And that young girl?" + +"I cannot answer your question," said the inspector, shrugginghis shoulders. "Besides, here is Doukhova." + +CHAPTER LV. + +VERA DOUKHOVA EXPLAINS. + +Through a door, at the back of the room, entered, with awriggling gait, the thin, yellow Vera Doukhova, with her large,kind eyes. + +"Thanks for having come," she said, pressing Nekhludoff's hand."Do you remember me? Let us sit down." + +"I did not expect to see you like this." + +"Oh, I am very happy. It is so delightful, so delightful, that Idesire nothing better," said Vera Doukhova, with the usualexpression of fright in the large, kind, round eyes fixed onNekhludoff, and twisting the terribly thin, sinewy neck,surrounded by the shabby, crumpled, dirty collar of her bodice.Nekhludoff asked her how she came to be in prison. + +In answer she began relating all about her affairs with greatanimation. Her speech was intermingled with a great many longwords, such as propaganda, disorganisation, social groups,sections and sub-sections, about which she seemed to thinkeverybody knew, but which Nekhludoff had never heard of. + +She told him all the secrets of the Nardovolstvo, [literally,"People's Freedom," a revolutionary movement] evidentlyconvinced that he was pleased to hear them. Nekhludoff looked ather miserable little neck, her thin, unkempt hair, and wonderedwhy she had been doing all these strange things, and why she wasnow telling all this to him. He pitied her, but not as he hadpitied Menshoff, the peasant, kept for no fault of his own in thestinking prison. She was pitiable because of the confusion thatfilled her mind. It was clear that she considered herself aheroine, and was ready to give her life for a cause, though shecould hardly have explained what that cause was and in what itssuccess would lie. + +The business that Vera Doukhova wanted to see Nekhludoff aboutwas the following: A friend of hers, who had not even belonged totheir "sub-group," as she expressed it, had been arrested withher about five months before, and imprisoned in thePetropavlovsky fortress because some prohibited books and papers(which she had been asked to keep) had been found in herpossession. Vera Doukhova felt herself in some measure to blamefor her friend's arrest, and implored Nekhludoff, who hadconnections among influential people, to do all he could in orderto set this friend free. + +Besides this, Doukhova asked him to try and get permission foranother friend of hers, Gourkevitch (who was also imprisoned inthe Petropavlovsky fortress), to see his parents, and to procuresome scientific books which he required for his studies.Nekhludoff promised to do what he could when he went toPetersburg. + +As to her own story, this is what she said: Having finished acourse of midwifery, she became connected with a group ofadherents to the Nardovolstvo, and made up her mind to agitate inthe revolutionary movement. At first all went on smoothly. Shewrote proclamations and occupied herself with propaganda work inthe factories; then, an important member having been arrested,their papers were seized and all concerned were arrested. "I wasalso arrested, and shall be exiled. But what does it matter? Ifeel perfectly happy." She concluded her story with a piteoussmile. + +Nekhludoff made some inquiries concerning the girl with theprominent eyes. Vera Doukhova told him that this girl was thedaughter of a general, and had been long attached to therevolutionary party, and was arrested because she had pleadedguilty to having shot a gendarme. She lived in a house with someconspirators, where they had a secret printing press. One night,when the police came to search this house, the occupiers resolvedto defend themselves, put out the light, and began destroying thethings that might incriminate them. The police forced their wayin, and one of the conspirators fired, and mortally wounded agendarme. When an inquiry was instituted, this girl said that itwas she who had fired, although she had never had a revolver inher hands, and would not have hurt a fly. And she kept to it, andwas now condemned to penal servitude in Siberia. + +"An altruistic, fine character," said Vera Doukhova, approvingly. + +The third business that Vera Doukhova wanted to talk aboutconcerned Maslova. She knew, as everybody does know in prison,the story of Maslova's life and his connection with her, andadvised him to take steps to get her removed into the politicalprisoner's ward, or into the hospital to help to nurse the sick,of which there were very many at that time, so that extra nurseswere needed. + +Nekhludoff thanked her for the advice, and said he would try toact upon it. + +CHAPTER LVI. + +NEKHLUDOFF AND THE PRISONERS. + +Their conversation was interrupted by the inspector, who saidthat the time was up, and the prisoners and their friends mustpart. Nekhludoff took leave of Vera Doukhova and went to thedoor, where he stopped to watch what was going on. + +The inspector's order called forth only heightened animationamong the prisoners in the room, but no one seemed to think ofgoing. Some rose and continued to talk standing, some went ontalking without rising. A few began crying and taking leave ofeach other. The mother and her consumptive son seemed especiallypathetic. The young fellow kept twisting his bit of paper and hisface seemed angry, so great were his efforts not to be infectedby his mother's emotion. The mother, hearing that it was time topart, put her head on his shoulder and sobbed and sniffed aloud. + +The girl with the prominent eyes--Nekhludoff could not helpwatching her--was standing opposite the sobbing mother, and wassaying something to her in a soothing tone. The old man with theblue spectacles stood holding his daughter's hand and nodding inanswer to what she said. The young lovers rose, and, holding eachother's hands, looked silently into one another's eyes. + +"These are the only two who are merry," said a young man with ashort coat who stood by Nekhludoff's side, also looking at thosewho were about to part, and pointed to the lovers. FeelingNekhludoff's and the young man's eyes fixed on them, the lovers--the young man with the rubber coat and the pretty girl--stretchedout their arms, and with their hands clasped in each other's,danced round and round again. "To-night they are going to bemarried here in prison, and she will follow him to Siberia," saidthe young man. + +"What is he?" + +"A convict, condemned to penal servitude. Let those two at leasthave a little joy, or else it is too painful," the young manadded, listening to the sobs of the consumptive lad's mother. + +"Now, my good people! Please, please do not oblige me to haverecourse to severe measures," the inspector said, repeating thesame words several times over. "Do, please," he went on in aweak, hesitating manner. "It is high time. What do you mean byit? This sort of thing is quite impossible. I am now asking youfor the last time," he repeated wearily, now putting out hiscigarette and then lighting another. + +It was evident that, artful, old, and common as were the devicesenabling men to do evil to others without feeling responsible forit, the inspector could not but feel conscious that he was one ofthose who were guilty of causing the sorrow which manifesteditself in this room. And it was apparent that this troubled himsorely. At length the prisoners and their visitors began togo--the first out of the inner, the latter out of the outer door.The man with the rubber jacket passed out among them, and theconsumptive youth and the dishevelled man. Mary Pavlovna went outwith the boy born in prison. + +The visitors went out too. The old man with the blue spectacles,stepping heavily, went out, followed by Nekhludoff. + +"Yes, a strange state of things this," said the talkative youngman, as if continuing an interrupted conversation, as hedescended the stairs side by side with Nekhludoff. "Yet we havereason to be grateful to the inspector who does not keep strictlyto the rules, kind-hearted fellow. If they can get a talk it doesrelieve their hearts a bit, after all!" + +While talking to the young man, who introduced himself asMedinzeff, Nekhludoff reached the hall. There the inspector cameup to them with weary step. + +"If you wish to see Maslova," he said, apparently desiring to bepolite to Nekhludoff, "please come to-morrow." + +"Very well," answered Nekhludoff, and hurried away, experiencingmore than ever that sensation of moral nausea which he alwaysfelt on entering the prison. + +The sufferings of the evidently innocent Menshoff seemedterrible, and not so much his physical suffering as theperplexity, the distrust in the good and in God which he mustfeel, seeing the cruelty of the people who tormented him withoutany reason. + +Terrible were the disgrace and sufferings cast on these hundredsof guiltless people simply because something was not written onpaper as it should have been. Terrible were the brutalisedjailers, whose occupation is to torment their brothers, and whowere certain that they were fulfilling an important and usefulduty; but most terrible of all seemed this sickly, elderly,kind-hearted inspector, who was obliged to part mother and son,father and daughter, who were just the same sort of people as heand his own children. + +"What is it all for?" Nekhludoff asked himself, and could notfind an answer. + +CHAPTER LVII. + +THE VICE-GOVERNOR'S "AT-HOME". + +The next day Nekhludoff went to see the advocate, and spoke tohim about the Menshoffs' case, begging him to undertake theirdefence. The advocate promised to look into the case, and if itturned out to be as Nekhludoff said he would in all probabilityundertake the defence free of charge. Then Nekhludoff told him ofthe 130 men who were kept in prison owing to a mistake. "On whomdid it depend? Whose fault was it?" + +The advocate was silent for a moment, evidently anxious to give acorrect reply. + +"Whose fault is it? No one's," he said, decidedly. "Ask theProcureur, he'll say it is the Governor's; ask the Governor,he'll say it is the Procureur's fault. No one is in fault." + +"I am just going to see the Vice-Governor. I shall tell him." + +"Oh, that's quite useless," said the advocate, with a smile. "Heis such a--he is not a relation or friend of yours?--such ablockhead, if I may say so, and yet a crafty animal at the sametime." + +Nekhludoff remembered what Maslennikoff had said about theadvocate, and did not answer, but took leave and went on toMaslennikoff's. He had to ask Maslennikoff two things: aboutMaslova's removal to the prison hospital, and about the 130passportless men innocently imprisoned. Though it was very hardto petition a man whom he did not respect, and by whose ordersmen were flogged, yet it was the only means of gaining his end,and he had to go through with it. + +As he drove up to Maslennikoff's house Nekhludoff saw a number ofdifferent carriages by the front door, and remembered that it wasMaslennikoff's wife's "at-home" day, to which he had beeninvited. At the moment Nekhludoff drove up there was a carriagein front of the door, and a footman in livery, with a cockade inhis hat, was helping a lady down the doorstep. She was holding upher train, and showing her thin ankles, black stockings, andslippered feet. Among the carriages was a closed landau, which heknew to be the Korchagins'. + +The grey-haired, red-checked coachman took off his hat and bowedin a respectful yet friendly manner to Nekhludoff, as to agentleman he knew well. Nekhludoff had not had time to inquirefor Maslennikoff, when the latter appeared on the carpetedstairs, accompanying a very important guest not only to the firstlanding but to the bottom of the stairs. This very importantvisitor, a military man, was speaking in French about a lotteryfor the benefit of children's homes that were to be founded inthe city, and expressed the opinion that this was a goodoccupation for the ladies. "It amuses them, and the money comes." + +"Qu'elles s'amusent et que le bon dieu les benisse. M.Nekhludoff! How d'you do? How is it one never sees you?" hegreeted Nekhludoff. "Allez presenter vos devoirs a Madame. Andthe Korchagins are here et Nadine Bukshevden. Toutes les joliesfemmes de la ville," said the important guest, slightly raisinghis uniformed shoulders as he presented them to his own richlyliveried servant to have his military overcoat put on. "Aurevoir, mon cher." And he pressed Maslennikoff's hand. + +"Now, come up; I am so glad," said Maslennikoff, graspingNekhludoff's hand. In spite of his corpulency Maslennikoffhurried quickly up the stairs. He was in particularly goodspirits, owing to the attention paid him by the importantpersonage. Every such attention gave him the same sense ofdelight as is felt by an affectionate dog when its master patsit, strokes it, or scratches its ears. It wags its tail, cringes,jumps about, presses its ears down, and madly rushes about in acircle. Maslennikoff was ready to do the same. He did not noticethe serious expression on Nekhludoff's face, paid no heed to hiswords, but pulled him irresistibly towards the drawing-room, sothat it was impossible for Nekhludoff not to follow. "Businessafter wards. I shall do whatever you want," said Meslennikoff, ashe drew Nekhludoff through the dancing hall. "Announce PrinceNekhludoff," he said to a footman, without stopping on his way.The footman started off at a trot and passed them. + +"Vous n'avez qu' a ordonner. But you must see my wife. As it is,I got it for letting you go without seeing her last time." + +By the time they reached the drawing-room the footman had alreadyannounced Nekhludoff, and from between the bonnets and heads thatsurrounded it the smiling face of Anna Ignatievna, theVice-Governor's wife, beamed on Nekhludoff. At the other end ofthe drawing-room several ladies were seated round the tea-table,and some military men and some civilians stood near them. Theclatter of male and female voices went on unceasingly. + +"Enfin! you seem to have quite forgotten us. How have weoffended?" With these words, intended to convey an idea ofintimacy which had never existed between herself and Nekhludoff,Anna Ignatievna greeted the newcomer. + +"You are acquainted?--Madam Tilyaevsky, M. Chernoff. Sit down abit nearer. Missy vene donc a notre table on vous apportera votrethe . . . And you," she said, having evidently forgotten hisname, to an officer who was talking to Missy, "do come here. Acup of tea, Prince?" + +"I shall never, never agree with you. It's quite simple; she didnot love," a woman's voice was heard saying. + +"But she loved tarts." + +"Oh, your eternal silly jokes!" put in, laughingly, another ladyresplendent in silks, gold, and jewels. + +"C'est excellent these little biscuits, and so light. I thinkI'll take another." + +"Well, are you moving soon?" + +"Yes, this is our last day. That's why we have come. Yes, it mustbe lovely in the country; we are having a delightful spring." + +Missy, with her hat on, in a dark-striped dress of some kind thatfitted her like a skin, was looking very handsome. She blushedwhen she saw Nekhludoff. + +"And I thought you had left," she said to him. + +"I am on the point of leaving. Business is keeping me in town,and it is on business I have come here." + +"Won't you come to see mamma? She would like to see you," shesaid, and knowing that she was saying what was not true, and thathe knew it also, she blushed still more. + +"I fear I shall scarcely have time," Nekhludoff said gloomily,trying to appear as if he had not noticed her blush. Missyfrowned angrily, shrugged her shoulders, and turned towards anelegant officer, who grasped the empty cup she was holding, andknocking his sword against the chairs, manfully carried the cupacross to another table. + +"You must contribute towards the Home fund." + +"I am not refusing, but only wish to keep my bounty fresh for thelottery. There I shall let it appear in all its glory." + +"Well, look out for yourself," said a voice, followed by anevidently feigned laugh. + +Anna Ignatievna was in raptures; her "at-home" had turned out abrilliant success. "Micky tells me you are busying yourself withprison work. I can understand you so well," she said toNekhludoff. "Micky (she meant her fat husband, Maslennikoff) mayhave other defects, but you know how kind-hearted he is. Allthese miserable prisoners are his children. He does not regardthem in any other light. II est d'une bonte---" and she stopped,finding no words to do justice to this bonte of his, and quicklyturned to a shrivelled old woman with bows of lilac ribbon allover, who came in just then. + +Having said as much as was absolutely necessary, and with aslittle meaning as conventionality required, Nekhludoff rose andwent up to Meslennikoff. "Can you give me a few minutes' hearing,please?" + +"Oh, yes. Well, what is it?" + +"Let us come in here." + +They entered a small Japanese sitting-room, and sat down by thewindow. + +CHAPTER LVIII. + +THE VICE-GOVERNOR SUSPICIOUS. + +"Well? Je suis a vous. Will you smoke? But wait a bit; we must becareful and not make a mess here," said Maslennikoff, and broughtan ashpan. "Well?" + +"There are two matters I wish to ask you about." + +"Dear me!" + +An expression of gloom and dejection came over Maslennikoff'scountenance, and every trace of the excitement, like that of thedog's whom its master has scratched behind the cars, vanishedcompletely. The sound of voices reached them from the drawing-room. A woman's voice was heard, saying, "Jamais je ne croirais,"and a man's voice from the other side relating something in whichthe names of la Comtesse Voronzoff and Victor Apraksine keptrecurring. A hum of voices, mixed with laughter, came fromanother side. Maslennikoff tried to listen to what was going onin the drawing-room and to what Nekhludoff was saying at the sametime. + +"I am again come about that same woman," said Nekhludoff." + +"Oh, yes; I know. The one innocently condemned." + +"I would like to ask that she should be appointed to serve in theprison hospital. I have been told that this could be arranged." + +Maslennikoff compressed his lips and meditated. "That will bescarcely possible," he said. "However, I shall see what can bedone, and shall wire you an answer tomorrow." + +"I have been told that there were many sick, and help wasneeded." + +"All right, all right. I shall let you know in any case." + +"Please do," said Nekhludoff. + +The sound of a general and even a natural laugh came from thedrawing-room. + +"That's all that Victor. He is wonderfully sharp when he is inthe right vein," said Maslennikoff. + +"The next thing I wanted to tell you," said Nekhludoff, "is that130 persons are imprisoned only because their passports areoverdue. They have been kept here a month." + +And he related the circumstances of the case. + +"How have you come to know of this?" said Maslennikoff, lookinguneasy and dissatisfied. + +"I went to see a prisoner, and these men came and surrounded mein the corridor, and asked . . ." + +"What prisoner did you go to see?" + +"A peasant who is kept in prison, though innocent. I have put hiscase into the hands of a lawyer. But that is not the point." + +"Is it possible that people who have done no wrong are imprisonedonly because their passports are overdue? And . . ." + +"That's the Procureur's business," Maslennikoff interrupted,angrily. "There, now, you see what it is you call a prompt andjust form of trial. It is the business of the Public Prosecutorto visit the prison and to find out if the prisoners are keptthere lawfully. But that set play cards; that's all they do." + +"Am I to understand that you can do nothing?" Nekhludoff said,despondently, remembering that the advocate had foretold that theGovernor would put the blame on the Procureur. + +"Oh, yes, I can. I shall see about it at once." + +"So much the worse for her. C'est un souffre douleur," came thevoice of a woman, evidently indifferent to what she was saying,from the drawing-room. + +"So much the better. I shall take it also," a man's voice washeard to say from the other side, followed by the playfullaughter of a woman, who was apparently trying to prevent the manfrom taking something away from her. + +"No, no; not on any account," the woman's voice said. + +"All right, then. I shall do all this," Maslennikoff repeated,and put out the cigarette he held in his white, turquoise-ringedhand. "And now let us join the ladies." + +"Wait a moment," Nekhludoff said, stopping at the door of thedrawing-room. "I was told that some men had received corporalpunishment in the prison yesterday. Is this true?" + +Maslennikoff blushed. + +"Oh, that's what you are after? No, mon cher, decidedly it won'tdo to let you in there; you want to get at everything. Come,come; Anna is calling us," he said, catching Nekhludoff by thearm, and again becoming as excited as after the attention paidhim by the important person, only now his excitement was notjoyful, but anxious. + +Nekhludoff pulled his arm away, and without taking leave of anyone and without saying a word, he passed through the drawing-roomwith a dejected look, went down into the hall, past the footman,who sprang towards him, and out at the street door. + +"What is the matter with him? What have you done to him?" askedAnna of her husband. + +"This is a la Francaise," remarked some one. + +"A la Francaise, indeed--it is a la Zoulou." + +"Oh, but he's always been like that." + +Some one rose, some one came in, and the clatter went on itscourse. The company used this episode with Nekhludoff as aconvenient topic of conversation for the rest of the "at-home." + +On the day following his visit to Maslennikoff, Nekhludoffreceived a letter from him, written in a fine, firm hand, onthick, glazed paper, with a coat-of-arms, and sealed withsealing-wax. Maslennikoff said that he had written to the doctorconcerning Maslova's removal to the hospital, and hopedNekhludoff's wish would receive attention. The letter was signed,"Your affectionate elder comrade," and the signature ended with alarge, firm, and artistic flourish. "Fool!" Nekhludoff could notrefrain from saying, especially because in the word "comrade" hefelt Maslennikoff's condescension towards him, i.e., whileMaslennikoff was filling this position, morally most dirty andshameful, he still thought himself a very important man, andwished, if not exactly to flatter Nekhludoff, at least to showthat he was not too proud to call him comrade. + +CHAPTER LIX. + +NEKHLUDOFF'S THIRD INTERVIEW WITH MASLOVA IN PRISON. + +One of the most widespread superstitions is that every man hashis own special, definite qualities; that a man is kind, cruel,wise, stupid, energetic, apathetic, etc. Men are not like that.We may say of a man that he is more often kind than cruel,oftener wise than stupid, oftener energetic than apathetic, orthe reverse; but it would be false to say of one man that he iskind and wise, of another that he is wicked and foolish. And yetwe always classify mankind in this way. And this is untrue. Menare like rivers: the water is the same in each, and alike in all;but every river is narrow here, is more rapid there, here slower,there broader, now clear, now cold, now dull, now warm. It is thesame with men. Every man carries in himself the germs of everyhuman quality, and sometimes one manifests itself, sometimesanother, and the man often becomes unlike himself, while stillremaining the same man, In some people these changes are veryrapid, and Nekhludoff was such a man. These changes in him weredue to physical and to spiritual causes. At this time heexperienced such a change. + +That feeling of triumph and joy at the renewal of life which hehad experienced after the trial and after the first interviewwith Katusha, vanished completely, and after the last interviewfear and revulsion took the place of that joy. He was determinednot to leave her, and not to change his decision of marrying her,if she wished it; but it seemed very hard, and made him suffer. + +On the day after his visit to Maslennikoff, he again went to theprison to see her. + +The inspector allowed him to speak to her, only not in theadvocate's room nor in the office, but in the women'svisiting-room. In spite of his kindness, the inspector was morereserved with Nekhludoff than hitherto. + +An order for greater caution had apparently been sent, as aresult of his conversation with Meslennikoff. + +"You may see her," the inspector said; "but please remember whatI said as regards money. And as to her removal to the hospital,that his excellency wrote to me about, it can be done; the doctorwould agree. Only she herself does not wish it. She says, 'Muchneed have I to carry out the slops for the scurvy beggars.' Youdon't know what these people are, Prince," he added. + +Nekhludoff did not reply, but asked to have the interview. Theinspector called a jailer, whom Nekhludoff followed into thewomen's visiting-room, where there was no one but Maslovawaiting. She came from behind the grating, quiet and timid, closeup to him, and said, without looking at him: + +"Forgive me, Dmitri Ivanovitch, I spoke hastily the day beforeyesterday." + +"It is not for me to forgive you," Nekhludoff began. + +"But all the same, you must leave me," she interrupted, and inthe terribly squinting eyes with which she looked at himNekhludoff read the former strained, angry expression. + +"Why should I leave you?" + +"So." + +"But why so?" + +She again looked up, as it seemed to him, with the same angrylook. + +"Well, then, thus it is," she said. "You must leave me. It istrue what I am saying. I cannot. You just give it up altogether."Her lips trembled and she was silent for a moment. "It is true.I'd rather hang myself." + +Nekhludoff felt that in this refusal there was hatred andunforgiving resentment, but there was also something besides,something good. This confirmation of the refusal in cold blood atonce quenched all the doubts in Nekhludoff's bosom, and broughtback the serious, triumphant emotion he had felt in relation toKatusha. + +"Katusha, what I have said I will again repeat," he uttered, veryseriously. "I ask you to marry me. If you do not wish it, and foras long as you do not wish it, I shall only continue to followyou, and shall go where you are taken." + +"That is your business. I shall not say anything more," sheanswered, and her lips began to tremble again. + +He, too, was silent, feeling unable to speak. + +"I shall now go to the country, and then to Petersburg," he said,when he was quieter again. "I shall do my utmost to get your---our case, I mean, reconsidered, and by the help of God thesentence may be revoked." + +"And if it is not revoked, never mind. I have deserved it, if notin this case, in other ways," she said, and he saw how difficultit was for her to keep down her tears. + +"Well, have you seen Menshoff?" she suddenly asked, to hide heremotion. "It's true they are innocent, isn't it?" + +"Yes, I think so." + +"Such a splendid old woman," she said. + +There was another pause. + +"Well, and as to the hospital?" she suddenly said, and looking athim with her squinting eyes. "If you like, I will go, and I shallnot drink any spirits, either." + +Nekhludoff looked into her eyes. They were smiling. + +"Yes, yes, she is quite a different being," Nekhludoff thought.After all his former doubts, he now felt something he had neverbefore experienced--the certainty that love is invincible. + +When Maslova returned to her noisome cell after this interview,she took off her cloak and sat down in her place on the shelfbedstead with her hands folded on her lap. In the cell were onlythe consumptive woman, the Vladimir woman with her baby,Menshoff's old mother, and the watchman's wife. The deacon'sdaughter had the day before been declared mentally diseased andremoved to the hospital. The rest of the women were away, washingclothes. The old woman was asleep, the cell door stood open, andthe watchman's children were in the corridor outside. TheVladimir woman, with her baby in her arms, and the watchman'swife, with the stocking she was knitting with deft fingers, cameup to Maslova. "Well, have you had a chat?" they asked. Maslovasat silent on the high bedstead, swinging her legs, which did notreach to the floor. + +"What's the good of snivelling?" said the watchman's wife. "Thechief thing's not to go down into the dumps. Eh, Katusha? Now,then!" and she went on, quickly moving her fingers. + +Maslova did not answer. + +"And our women have all gone to wash," said the Vladimir woman."I heard them say much has been given in alms to-day. Quite a lothas been brought." + +"Finashka," called out the watchman's wife, "where's the littleimp gone to?" + +She took a knitting needle, stuck it through both the ball andthe stocking, and went out into the corridor. + +At this moment the sound of women's voices was heard from thecorridor, and the inmates of the cell entered, with their prisonshoes, but no stockings on their feet. Each was carrying a roll,some even two. Theodosia came at once up to Maslova. + +"What's the matter; is anything wrong?" Theodosia asked, lookinglovingly at Maslova with her clear, blue eyes. "This is for ourtea," and she put the rolls on a shelf. + +"Why, surely he has not changed his mind about marrying?" askedKorableva. + +"No, he has not, but I don't wish to," said Maslova, "and so Itold him." + +"More fool you!" muttered Korableva in her deep tones. + +"If one's not to live together, what's the use of marrying?" saidTheodosia. + +"There's your husband--he's going with you," said the watchman'swife. + +"Well, of course, we're married," said Theodosia. "But why shouldhe go through the ceremony if he is not to live with her?" + +"Why, indeed! Don't be a fool! You know if he marries her she'llroll in wealth," said Korableva. + +"He says, 'Wherever they take you, I'll follow,'" said Maslova."If he does, it's well; if he does not, well also. I am not goingto ask him to. Now he is going to try and arrange the matter inPetersburg. He is related to all the Ministers there. But, allthe same, I have no need of him," she continued. + +"Of course not," suddenly agreed Korableva, evidently thinkingabout something else as she sat examining her bag. "Well, shallwe have a drop?" + +"You have some," replied Maslova. "I won't." + +END OF BOOK I. + +BOOK II. + +CHAPTER I. + +PROPERTY IN LAND. + +It was possible for Maslova's case to come before the Senate in afortnight, at which time Nekhludoff meant to go to Petersburg,and, if need be, to appeal to the Emperor (as the advocate whohad drawn up the petition advised) should the appeal bedisregarded (and, according to the advocate, it was best to beprepared for that, since the causes for appeal were so slight).The party of convicts, among whom was Maslova, would very likelyleave in the beginning of June. In order to be able to follow herto Siberia, as Nekhludoff was firmly resolved to do, he was nowobliged to visit his estates, and settle matters there.Nekhludoff first went to the nearest, Kousminski, a large estatethat lay in the black earth district, and from which he derivedthe greatest part of his income. + +He had lived on that estate in his childhood and youth, and hadbeen there twice since, and once, at his mother's request, he hadtaken a German steward there, and had with him verified theaccounts. The state of things there and the peasants' relationsto the management, i.e., the landlord, had therefore been longknown to him. The relations of the peasants to the administrationwere those of utter dependence on that management. Nekhludoffknew all this when still a university student, he had confessedand preached Henry Georgeism, and, on the basis of that teaching,had given the land inherited from his father to the peasants. Itis true that after entering the army, when he got into the habitof spending 20,000 roubles a year, those former occupationsceased to be regarded as a duty, and were forgotten, and he notonly left off asking himself where the money his mother allowedhim came from, but even avoided thinking about it. But hismother's death, the coming into the property, and the necessityof managing it, again raised the question as to what his positionin reference to private property in land was. A month beforeNekhludoff would have answered that he had not the strength toalter the existing order of things; that it was not he who wasadministering the estate; and would one way or another have easedhis conscience, continuing to live far from his estates, andhaving the money sent him. But now he decided that he could notleave things to go on as they were, but would have to alter themin a way unprofitable to himself, even though he had all thesecomplicated and difficult relations with the prison world whichmade money necessary, as well as a probable journey to Siberiabefore him. Therefore he decided not to farm the land, but to letit to the peasants at a low rent, to enable them to cultivate itwithout depending on a landlord. More than once, when comparingthe position of a landowner with that of an owner of serfs,Nekhludoff had compared the renting of land to the peasantsinstead of cultivating it with hired labour, to the old system bywhich serf proprietors used to exact a money payment from theirserfs in place of labour. It was not a solution of the problem,and yet a step towards the solution; it was a movement towards aless rude form of slavery. And it was in this way he meant toact. + +Nekhludoff reached Kousminski about noon. Trying to simplify hislife in every way, he did not telegraph, but hired a cart andpair at the station. The driver was a young fellow in a nankeencoat, with a belt below his long waist. He was glad to talk tothe gentleman, especially because while they were talking hisbroken-winded white horse and the emaciated spavined one could goat a foot-pace, which they always liked to do. + +The driver spoke about the steward at Kousminski without knowingthat he was driving "the master." Nekhludoff had purposely nottold him who he was. + +"That ostentatious German," said the driver (who had been to townand read novels) as he sat sideways on the box, passing his handfrom the top to the bottom of his long whip, and trying to showoff his accomplishments--"that ostentatious German has procuredthree light bays, and when he drives out with his lady---oh, my!At Christmas he had a Christmas-tree in the big house. I drovesome of the visitors there. It had 'lectric lights; you couldnot see the like of it in the whole of the government. What's itto him, he has cribbed a heap of money. I heard say he has boughtan estate." + +Nekhludoff had imagined that he was quite indifferent to the waythe steward managed his estate, and what advantages the stewardderived from it. The words of the long-waisted driver, however,were not pleasant to hear. + +A dark cloud now and then covered the sun; the larks were soaringabove the fields of winter corn; the forests were already coveredwith fresh young green; the meadows speckled with grazing cattleand horses. The fields were being ploughed, and Nekhludoffenjoyed the lovely day. But every now and then he had anunpleasant feeling, and, when he asked himself what it was causedby, he remembered what the driver had told him about the way theGerman was managing Kousminski. When he got to his estate and setto work this unpleasant feeling vanished. + +Looking over the books in the office, and a talk with theforeman, who naively pointed out the advantages to be derivedfrom the facts that the peasants had very little land of theirown and that it lay in the midst of the landlord's fields, madeNekhludoff more than ever determined to leave off farming and tolet his land to the peasants. + +From the office books and his talk with the foreman, Nekhludofffound that two-thirds of the best of the cultivated land wasstill being tilled with improved machinery by labourers receivingfixed wages, while the other third was tilled by the peasants atthe rate of five roubles per desiatin [about two andthree-quarter acres]. So that the peasants had to plough eachdesiatin three times, harrow it three times, sow and mow thecorn, make it into sheaves, and deliver it on the threshingground for five roubles, while the same amount of work done bywage labour came to at least 10 roubles. Everything the peasantsgot from the office they paid for in labour at a very high price.They paid in labour for the use of the meadows, for wood, forpotato-stalks, and were nearly all of them in debt to the office.Thus, for the land that lay beyond the cultivated fields, whichthe peasants hired, four times the price that its value wouldbring in if invested at five per cent was taken from thepeasants. + +Nekhludoff had known all this before, but he now saw it in a newlight, and wondered how he and others in his position could helpseeing how abnormal such conditions are. The steward's argumentsthat if the land were let to the peasants the agriculturalimplements would fetch next to nothing, as it would be impossibleto get even a quarter of their value for them, and that thepeasants would spoil the land, and how great a loser Nekhludoffwould be, only strengthened Nekhludoff in the opinion that he wasdoing a good action in letting the land to the peasants and thusdepriving himself of a large part of his income. He decided tosettle this business now, at once, while he was there. Thereaping and selling of the corn he left for the steward to managein due season, and also the selling of the agriculturalimplements and useless buildings. But he asked his steward tocall the peasants of the three neighbouring villages that lay inthe midst of his estate (Kousminski) to a meeting, at which hewould tell them of his intentions and arrange about the price atwhich they were to rent the land. + +With the pleasant sense of the firmness he had shown in the faceof the steward's arguments, and his readiness to make asacrifice, Nekhludoff left the office, thinking over the businessbefore him, and strolled round the house, through the neglectedflower-garden--this year the flowers were planted in front of thesteward's house--over the tennis ground, now overgrown withdandelions, and along the lime-tree walk, where he used to smokehis cigar, and where he had flirted with the pretty Kirimova, hismother's visitor. Having briefly prepared in his mind the speechhe was going to make to the peasants, he again went in to thesteward, and, after tea, having once more arranged his thoughts,he went into the room prepared for him in the big house, whichused to be a spare bedroom. + +In this clean little room, with pictures of Venice on the walls,and a mirror between the two windows, there stood a clean bedwith a spring mattress, and by the side of it a small table, witha decanter of water, matches, and an extinguisher. On a table bythe looking-glass lay his open portmanteau, with hisdressing-case and some books in it; a Russian book, TheInvestigation of the Laws of Criminality, and a German and anEnglish book on the same subject, which he meant to read whiletravelling in the country. But it was too late to begin to-day,and he began preparing to go to bed. + +An old-fashioned inlaid mahogany arm-chair stood in the corner ofthe room, and this chair, which Nekhludoff remembered standing inhis mother's bedroom, suddenly raised a perfectly unexpectedsensation in his soul. He was suddenly filled with regret at thethought of the house that would tumble to ruin, and the gardenthat would run wild, and the forest that would be cut down, andall these farmyards, stables, sheds, machines, horses, cows whichhe knew had cost so much effort, though not to himself, toacquire and to keep. It had seemed easy to give up all this, butnow it was hard, not only to give this, but even to let the landand lose half his income. And at once a consideration, whichproved that it was unreasonable to let the land to the peasants,and thus to destroy his property, came to his service. "I mustnot hold property in land. If I possess no property in land, Icannot keep up the house and farm. And, besides, I am going toSiberia, and shall not need either the house or the estate," saidone voice. "All this is so," said another voice, "but you are notgoing to spend all your life in Siberia. You may marry, and havechildren, and must hand the estate on to them in as good acondition as you received it. There is a duty to the land, too.To give up, to destroy everything is very easy; to acquire itvery difficult. Above all, you must consider your future life,and what you will do with yourself, and you must dispose of yourproperty accordingly. And are you really firm in your resolve?And then, are you really acting according to your conscience, orare you acting in order to be admired of men?" Nekhludoff askedhimself all this, and had to acknowledge that he was influencedby the thought of what people would say about him. And the morehe thought about it the more questions arose, and the moreunsolvable they seemed. + +In hopes of ridding himself of these thoughts by failing asleep,and solving them in the morning when his head would be fresh, helay down on his clean bed. But it was long before he could sleep.Together with the fresh air and the moonlight, the croaking ofthe frogs entered the room, mingling with the trills of a coupleof nightingales in the park and one close to the window in a bushof lilacs in bloom. Listening to the nightingales and the frogs,Nekhludoff remembered the inspector's daughter, and her music,and the inspector; that reminded him of Maslova, and how her lipstrembled, like the croaking of the frogs, when she said, "Youmust just leave it." Then the German steward began going down tothe frogs, and had to be held back, but he not only went down butturned into Maslova, who began reproaching Nekhludoff, saying,"You are a prince, and I am a convict." "No, I must not give in,"thought Nekhludoff, waking up, and again asking himself, "Is whatI am doing right? I do not know, and no matter, no matter, I mustonly fall asleep now." And he began himself to descend where hehad seen the inspector and Maslova climbing down to, and there itall ended. + +CHAPTER II. + +EFFORTS AT LAND RESTORATION. + +The next day Nekhludoff awoke at nine o'clock. The young officeclerk who attended on "the master" brought him his boots, shiningas they had never shone before, and some cold, beautifully clearspring water, and informed him that the peasants were alreadyassembling. + +Nekhludoff jumped out of bed, and collected his thoughts. Not atrace of yesterday's regret at giving up and thus destroying hisproperty remained now. He remembered this feeling of regret withsurprise; he was now looking forward with joy to the task beforehim, and could not help being proud of it. He could see from thewindow the old tennis ground, overgrown with dandelions, on whichthe peasants were beginning to assemble. The frogs had notcroaked in vain the night before; the day was dull. There was nowind; a soft warm rain had begun falling in the morning, and hungin drops on leaves, twigs, and grass. Besides the smell of thefresh vegetation, the smell of damp earth, asking for more rain,entered in at the window. While dressing, Nekhludoff severaltimes looked out at the peasants gathered on the tennis ground.One by one they came, took off their hats or caps to one another,and took their places in a circle, leaning on their sticks. Thesteward, a stout, muscular, strong young man, dressed in a shortpea-jacket, with a green stand-up collar, and enormous buttons,came to say that all had assembled, but that they might waituntil Nekhludoff had finished his breakfast--tea and coffee,whichever he pleased; both were ready. + +"No, I think I had better go and see them at once," saidNekhludoff, with an unexpected feeling of shyness and shame atthe thought of the conversation he was going to have with thepeasants. He was going to fulfil a wish of the peasants, thefulfilment of which they did not even dare to hope for--to letthe land to them at a low price, i.e., to confer a great boon;and yet he felt ashamed of something. When Nekhludoff came up tothe peasants, and the fair, the curly, the bald, the grey headswere bared before him, he felt so confused that he could saynothing. The rain continued to come down in small drops, thatremained on the hair, the beards, and the fluff of the men'srough coats. The peasants looked at "the master," waiting for himto speak, and he was so abashed that he could not speak. Thisconfused silence was broken by the sedate, self-assured Germansteward, who considered himself a good judge of the Russianpeasant, and who spoke Russian remarkably well. This strong,over-fed man, and Nekhludoff himself, presented a strikingcontrast to the peasants, with their thin, wrinkled faces and theshoulder blades protruding beneath their coarse coats. + +"Here's the Prince wanting to do you a favor, and to let the landto you; only you are not worthy of it," said the steward. + +"How are we not worthy of it, Vasili Karlovitch? Don't we workfor you? We were well satisfied with the deceased lady--God havemercy on her soul--and the young Prince will not desert us now.Our thanks to him," said a redhaired, talkative peasant. + +"Yes, that's why I have called you together. I should like to letyou have all the land, if you wish it." + +The peasants said nothing, as if they did not understand or didnot believe it. + +"Let's see. Let us have the land? What do you mean?" asked amiddle-aged man. + +"To let it to you, that you might have the use of it, at a lowrent." + +"A very agreeable thing," said an old man. + +"If only the pay is such as we can afford," said another. + +"There's no reason why we should not rent the land." + +"We are accustomed to live by tilling the ground." + +"And it's quieter for you, too, that way. You'll have to donothing but receive the rent. Only think of all the sin and worrynow!" several voices were heard saying. + +"The sin is all on your side," the German remarked. "If only youdid your work, and were orderly." + +"That's impossible for the likes of us," said a sharp-nosed oldman. "You say, 'Why do you let the horse get into the corn?' justas if I let it in. Why, I was swinging my scythe, or something ofthe kind, the livelong day, till the day seemed as long as ayear, and so I fell asleep while watching the herd of horses atnight, and it got into your oats, and now you're skinning me." + +"And you should keep order." + +"It's easy for you to talk about order, but it's more than ourstrength will bear," answered a tall, dark, hairy middleaged man. + +"Didn't I tell you to put up a fence?" + +"You give us the wood to make it of," said a short, plain-looking peasant. "I was going to put up a fence last year, andyou put me to feed vermin in prison for three months. That wasthe end of that fence." + +"What is it he is saying?" asked Nekhludoff, turning to thesteward. + +"Der ersto Dieb im Dorfe, [The greatest thief in the village]answered the steward in German. "He is caught stealing wood fromthe forest every year." Then turning to the peasant, he added,"You must learn to respect other people's property." + +"Why, don't we respect you?" said an old man. "We are obliged torespect you. Why, you could twist us into a rope; we are in yourhands." + +"Eh, my friend, it's impossible to do you. It's you who are everready to do us," said the steward. + +"Do you, indeed. Didn't you smash my jaw for me, and I gotnothing for it? No good going to law with the rich, it seems." + +"You should keep to the law." + +A tournament of words was apparently going on without those whotook part in it knowing exactly what it was all about; but it wasnoticeable that there was bitterness on one side, restricted byfear, and on the other a consciousness of importance and power.It was very trying to Nekhludoff to listen to all this, so hereturned to the question. of arranging the amount and the termsof the rent. + +"Well, then, how about the land? Do you wish to take it, and whatprice will you pay if I let you have the whole of it?" + +"The property is yours: it is for you to fix the price."Nekhludoff named the price. Though it was far below that paid inthe neighbourhood, the peasants declared it too high, and beganbargaining, as is customary among them. Nekhludoff thought hisoffer would be accepted with pleasure, but no signs of pleasurewere visible. + +One thing only showed Nekhludoff that his offer was a profitableone to the peasants. The question as to who would rent the land,the whole commune or a special society, was put, and a violentdispute arose among those peasants who were in favour ofexcluding the weak and those not likely to pay the rentregularly, and the peasants who would have to be excluded on thatscore. At last, thanks to the steward, the amount and the termsof the rent were fixed, and the peasants went down the hilltowards their villages, talking noisily, while Nekhludoff and thesteward went into the office to make up the agreement. Everythingwas settled in the way Nekhludoff wished and expected it to be.The peasants had their land 30 per cent. cheaper than they couldhave got it anywhere in the district, the revenue from the landwas diminished by half, but was more than sufficient forNekhludoff, especially as there would be money coming in for aforest he sold, as well as for the agricultural implements, whichwould be sold, too. Everything seemed excellently arranged, yethe felt ashamed of something. He could see that the peasants,though they spoke words of thanks, were not satisfied, and hadexpected something greater. So it turned out that he had deprivedhimself of a great deal, and yet not done what the peasants hadexpected. + +The next day the agreement was signed, and accompanied by severalold peasants, who had been chosen as deputies, Nekhludoff wentout, got into the steward's elegant equipage (as the driver fromthe station had called it), said "good-bye" to the peasants, whostood shaking their heads in a dissatisfied and disappointedmanner, and drove off to the station. Nekhludoff was dissatisfiedwith himself without knowing why, but all the time he felt sadand ashamed of something. + +CHAPTER III. + +OLD ASSOCIATIONS. + +From Kousminski Nekhludoff went to the estate he had inheritedfrom his aunts, the same where he first met Katusha. He meant toarrange about the land there in the way he had done inKousminski. Besides this, he wished to find out all he couldabout Katusha and her baby, and when and how it had died. He gotto Panovo early one morning, and the first thing that struck himwhen he drove up was the look of decay and dilapidation that allthe buildings bore, especially the house itself. The iron roofs,which had once been painted green, looked red with rust, and afew sheets of iron were bent back, probably by a storm. Some ofthe planks which covered the house from outside were torn away inseveral places; these were easier to get by breaking the rustynails that held them. Both porches, but especially the side porchhe remembered so well, were rotten and broken; only the banisterremained. Some of the windows were boarded up, and the buildingin which the foreman lived, the kitchen, the stables--all weregrey and decaying. Only the garden had not decayed, but hadgrown, and was in full bloom; from over the fence the cherry,apple, and plum trees looked like white clouds. The lilac bushesthat formed the hedge were in full bloom, as they had been when,14 years ago, Nekhludoff had played gorelki with the 15-year-oldKatusha, and had fallen and got his hand stung by the nettlesbehind one of those lilac bushes. The larch that his aunt Sophiahad planted near the house, which then was only a short stick,had grown into a tree, the trunk of which would have made a beam,and its branches were covered with soft yellow green needles aswith down. The river, now within its banks, rushed noisily overthe mill dam. The meadow the other side of the river was dottedover by the peasants' mixed herds. The foreman, a student, whohad left the seminary without finishing the course, metNekhludoff in the yard, with a smile on his face, and, stillsmiling, asked him to come into the office, and, as if promisingsomething exceptionally good by this smile, he went behind apartition. For a moment some whispering was heard behind thepartition. The isvostchik who had driven Nekhludoff from thestation, drove away after receiving a tip, and all was silent.Then a barefooted girl passed the window; she had on anembroidered peasant blouse, and long earrings in her ears; then aman walked past, clattering with his nailed boots on the troddenpath. + +Nekhludoff sat down by the little casement, and looked out intothe garden and listened. A soft, fresh spring breeze, smelling ofnewly-dug earth, streamed in through the window, playing with thehair on his damp forehead and the papers that lay on thewindow-sill, which was all cut about with a knife. + +"Tra-pa-trop, tra-pa-trop," comes a sound from the river, as thewomen who were washing clothes there slapped them in regularmeasure with their wooden bats, and the sound spread over theglittering surface of the mill pond while the rhythmical sound ofthe falling water came from the mill, and a frightened flysuddenly flew loudly buzzing past his ear. + +And all at once Nekhludoff remembered how, long ago, when he wasyoung and innocent, he had heard the women's wooden bats slappingthe wet clothes above the rhythmical sound from the mill, and inthe same way the spring breeze had blown about the hair on hiswet forehead and the papers on the window-sill, which was all cutabout with a knife, and just in the same way a fly had buzzedloudly past his car. + +It was not exactly that he remembered himself as a lad of 15, buthe seemed to feel himself the same as he was then, with the samefreshness and purity, and full of the same grand possibilitiesfor the future, and at the same time, as it happens in a dream,he knew that all this could be no more, and he felt terribly sad."At what time would you like something to eat?" asked theforeman, with a smile. + +"When you like; I am not hungry. I shall go for a walk throughthe village." + +"Would you not like to come into the house? Everything is inorder there. Have the goodness to look in. If the outside---" + +"Not now; later on. Tell me, please, have you got a woman herecalled Matrona Kharina?" (This was Katusha's aunt, the villagemidwife.) + +"Oh, yes; in the village she keeps a secret pot-house. I know shedoes, and I accuse her of it and scold her; but as to taking herup, it would be a pity. An old woman, you know; she hasgrandchildren," said the foreman, continuing to smile in the samemanner, partly wishing to be pleasant to the master, and partlybecause he was convinced that Nekhludoff understood all thesematters just as well as he did himself. + +"Where does she live? I shall go across and see her." + +"At the end of the village; the further side, the third from theend. To the left there is a brick cottage, and her hut is beyondthat. But I'd better see you there," the foreman said with agraceful smile. + +"No, thanks, I shall find it; and you be so good as to call ameeting of the peasants, and tell them that I want to speak tothem about the land," said Nekhludoff, with the intention ofcoming to the same agreement with the peasants here as he haddone in Kousminski, and, if possible, that same evening. + +CHAPTER IV. + +THE PEASANTS' LOT. + +When Nekhludoff came out of the gate he met the girl with thelong earrings on the well-trodden path that lay across thepasture ground, overgrown with dock and plantain leaves. She hada long, brightly-coloured apron on, and was quickly swinging herleft arm in front of herself as she stepped briskly with her fat,bare feet. With her right arm she was pressing a fowl to herstomach. The fowl, with red comb shaking, seemed perfectly calm;he only rolled up his eyes and stretched out and drew in oneblack leg, clawing the girl's apron. When the girl came nearer to"the master," she began moving more slowly, and her run changedinto a walk. When she came up to him she stopped, and, after abackward jerk with her head, bowed to him; and only when he hadpassed did she recommence to run homeward with the cock. As hewent down towards the well, he met an old woman, who had a coarsedirty blouse on, carrying two pails full of water, that hung on ayoke across her bent back. The old woman carefully put down thepails and bowed, with the same backward jerk of her head. + +After passing the well Nekhludoff entered the village. It was abright, hot day, and oppressive, though only ten o'clock. Atintervals the sun was hidden by the gathering clouds. Anunpleasant, sharp smell of manure filled the air in the street.It came from carts going up the hillside, but chiefly from thedisturbed manure heaps in the yards of the huts, by the opengates of which Nekhludoff had to pass. The peasants, barefooted,their shirts and trousers soiled with manure, turned to look atthe tall, stout gentleman with the glossy silk ribbon on his greyhat who was walking up the village street, touching the groundevery other step with a shiny, bright-knobbed walking-stick. Thepeasants returning from the fields at a trot and jotting in theirempty carts, took off their hats, and, in their surprise,followed with their eyes the extraordinary man who was walking uptheir street. The women came out of the gates or stood in theporches of their huts, pointing him out to each other and gazingat him as he passed. + +When Nekhludoff was passing the fourth gate, he was stopped by acart that was coming out, its wheels creaking, loaded high withmanure, which was pressed down, and was covered with a mat to siton. A six-year-old boy, excited by the prospect of a drive,followed the cart. A young peasant, with shoes plaited out ofbark on his feet, led the horse out of the yard. A long-leggedcolt jumped out of the gate; but, seeing Nekhludoff, pressedclose to the cart, and scraping its legs against the wheels,jumped forward, past its excited, gently-neighing mother, as shewas dragging the heavy load through the gateway. The next horsewas led out by a barefooted old man, with protrudingshoulder-blades, in a dirty shirt and striped trousers. + +When the horses got out on to the hard road, strewn over withbits of dry, grey manure, the old man returned to the gate, andbowed to Nekhludoff. + +"You are our ladies' nephew, aren't you? + +"Yes, I am their nephew." + +"You've kindly come to look us up, eh?" said the garrulous oldman. + +"Yes, I have. Well, how are you getting on? + +"How do we get on? We get on very badly," the old man drawled, asif it gave him pleasure. + +"Why so badly?" Nekhludoff asked, stepping inside the gate. + +"What is our life but the very worst life?" said the old man,following Nekhludoff into that part of the yard which was roofedover. + +Nekhludoff stopped under the roof. + +"I have got 12 of them there," continued the old man, pointing totwo women on the remainder of the manure heap, who stoodperspiring with forks in their hands, the kerchiefs tumbling offtheir heads, with their skirts tucked up, showing the calves oftheir dirty, bare legs. "Not a month passes but I have to buy sixpoods [a pood is 36 English pounds] of corn, and where's the money tocome from?" + +"Have you not got enough corn of your own? + +"My own?" repeated the old man, with a smile of contempt; "why Ihave only got land for three, and last year we had not enough tolast till Christmas." + +"What do you do then?" + +"What do we do? Why, I hire out as a labourer; and then Iborrowed some money from your honour. We spent it all beforeLent, and the tax is not paid yet." + +"And how much is the tax?" + +"Why, it's 17 roubles for my household. Oh, Lord, such a life!One hardly knows one's self how one manages to live it." + +"May I go into your hut?" asked Nekhludoff, stepping across theyard over the yellow-brown layers of manure that had been rakedup by the forks, and were giving off a strong smell. + +"Why not? Come in," said the old man, and stepping quickly withhis bare feet over the manure, the liquid oozing between histoes, he passed Nekhludoff and opened the door of the hut. + +The women arranged the kerchiefs on their heads and let downtheir skirts, and stood looking with surprise at the cleangentleman with gold studs to his sleeves who was entering theirhouse. Two little girls, with nothing on but coarse chemises,rushed out of the hut. Nekhludoff took off his hat, and, stoopingto get through the low door, entered, through a passage into thedirty, narrow hut, that smelt of sour food, and where much spacewas taken up by two weaving looms. In the but an old woman wasstanding by the stove, with the sleeves rolled up over her thin,sinewy brown arms. + +"Here is our master come to see us," said the old man. + +"I'm sure he's very welcome," said the old woman, kindly. + +"I would like to see how you live." + +"Well, you see how we live. The hut is coming down, and mightkill one any day; but my old man he says it's good enough, and sowe live like kings," said the brisk old woman, nervously jerkingher head. "I'm getting the dinner; going to feed the workers." + +"And what are you going to have for dinner?" + +"Our food is very good. First course, bread and kvas; [kvas is akind of sour, non-intoxicant beer made of rye] second course,kvas and bread," said the old woman, showing her teeth, whichwere half worn away. + +"No," seriously; "let me see what you are going to eat." + +"To eat?" said the old man, laughing. "Ours is not a very cunningmeal. You just show him, wife." + +"Want to see our peasant food? Well, you are an inquisitivegentleman, now I come to look at you. He wants to knoweverything. Did I not tell you bread and kvas and then we'll havesoup. A woman brought us some fish, and that's what the soup ismade of, and after that, potatoes." + +"Nothing more? + +"What more do you want? We'll also have a little milk," said theold woman, looking towards the door. The door stood open, and thepassage outside was full of people--boys, girls, women withbabies--thronged together to look at the strange gentleman whowanted to see the peasants' food. The old woman seemed to prideherself on the way she behaved with a gentleman. + +"Yes, it's a miserable life, ours; that goes without saying,sir," said the old man. "What are you doing there?" he shouted tothose in the passage. "Well, good-bye," said Nekhludoff, feelingashamed and uneasy, though unable to account for the feeling. + +"Thank you kindly for having looked us up," said the old man. + +The people in the passage pressed closer together to letNekhludoff pass, and he went out and continued his way up thestreet. + +Two barefooted boys followed him out of the passage the elder ina shirt that had once been white, the other in a worn and fadedpink one. Nekhludoff looked back at them. + +"And where are you going now?" asked the boy with the whiteshirt. Nekhludoff answered: "To Matrona Kharina. Do you knowher?" The boy with the pink shirt began laughing at something;but the elder asked, seriously: + +"What Matrona is that? Is she old?" + +"Yes, she is old." + +"Oh--oh," he drawled; "that one; she's at the other end of thevillage; we'll show you. Yes, Fedka, we'll go with him. Shallwe?" + +"Yes, but the horses?" + +"They'll be all right, I dare say." + +Fedka agreed, and all three went up the street. + +CHAPTER V. + +MASLOVA'S AUNT. + +Nekhludoff felt more at case with the boys than with the grown-uppeople, and he began talking to them as they went along. Thelittle one with the pink shirt stopped laughing, and spoke assensibly and as exactly as the elder one. + +"Can you tell me who are the poorest people you have got here?"asked Nekhludoff. + +"The poorest? Michael is poor, Simon Makhroff, and Martha, she isvery poor." + +"And Anisia, she is still poorer; she's not even got a cow. Theygo begging," said little Fedka. + +"She's not got a cow, but they are only three persons, andMartha's family are five," objected the elder boy. + +"But the other's a widow," the pink boy said, standing up forAnisia. + +"You say Anisia is a widow, and Martha is no better than awidow," said the elder boy; "she's also no husband." + +"And where is her husband?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"Feeding vermin in prison," said the elder boy, using thisexpression, common among the peasants. + +"A year ago he cut down two birch trees in the land-lord'sforest," the little pink boy hurried to say, "so he was lockedup; now he's sitting the sixth month there, and the wife goesbegging. There are three children and a sick grandmother," hewent on with his detailed account. + +"And where does she live?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"In this very house," answered the boy, pointing to a hut, infront of which, on the footpath along which Nekhludoff waswalking, a tiny, flaxen-headed infant stood balancing himselfwith difficulty on his rickety legs. + +"Vaska! Where's the little scamp got to?" shouted a woman, with adirty grey blouse, and a frightened look, as she ran out of thehouse, and, rushing forward, seized the baby before Nekhludoffcame up to it, and carried it in, just as if she were afraid thatNekhludoff would hurt her child. + +This was the woman whose husband was imprisoned for Nekhludoff'sbirch trees. + +"Well, and this Matrona, is she also poor?" Nekhludoff asked, asthey came up to Matrona's house. + +"She poor? No. Why, she sells spirits," the thin, pink little boyanswered decidedly. + +When they reached the house Nekhludoff left the boys outside andwent through the passage into the hut. The hut was 14 feet long.The bed that stood behind the big stove was not long enough for atall person to stretch out on. "And on this very bed," Nekhludoffthought, "Katusha bore her baby and lay ill afterwards." Thegreater part of the hut was taken up by a loom, on which the oldwoman and her eldest granddaughter were arranging the warp whenNekhludoff came in, striking his forehead against the lowdoorway. Two other grandchildren came rushing in afterNekhludoff, and stopped, holding on to the lintels of the door. + +"Whom do you want?" asked the old woman, crossly. She was in abad temper because she could not manage to get the warp right,and, besides, carrying on an illicit trade in spirits, she wasalways afraid when any stranger came in. + +"I am--the owner of the neighbouring estates, and should like tospeak to you." + +"Dear me; why, it's you, my honey; and I, fool, thought it wasjust some passer-by. Dear me, you--it's you, my precious," saidthe old woman, with simulated tenderness in her voice. + +"I should like to speak to you alone," said Nekhludoff, with aglance towards the door, where the children were standing, andbehind them a woman holding a wasted, pale baby, with a sicklysmile on its face, who had a little cap made of different bits ofstuff on its head. + +"What are you staring at? I'll give it you. Just hand me mycrutch," the old woman shouted to those at the door. + +"Shut the door, will you!" The children went away, and the womanclosed the door. + +"And I was thinking, who's that? And it's 'the master' himself.My jewel, my treasure. Just think," said the old woman, "where hehas deigned to come. Sit down here, your honour," she said,wiping the seat with her apron. "And I was thinking what devil isit coming in, and it's your honour, ' the master' himself, thegood gentleman, our benefactor. Forgive me, old fool that I am;I'm getting blind." + +Nekhludoff sat down, and the old woman stood in front of him,leaning her cheek on her right hand, while the left held up thesharp elbow of her right arm. + +"Dear me, you have grown old, your honour; and you used to be asfresh as a daisy. And now! Cares also, I expect?" + +"This is what I have come about: Do you remember KatushaMaslova?" + +"Katerina? I should think so. Why, she is my niece. How could Ihelp remembering; and the tears I have shed because of her. Why,I know all about it. Eh, sir, who has not sinned before God? whohas not offended against the Tsar? We know what youth is. Youused to be drinking tea and coffee, so the devil got hold of you.He is strong at times. What's to be done? Now, if you had chuckedher; but no, just see how you rewarded her, gave her a hundredroubles. And she? What has she done? Had she but listened to meshe might have lived all right. I must say the truth, though sheis my niece: that girl's no good. What a good place I found her!She would not submit, but abused her master. Is it for the likesof us to scold gentlefolk? Well, she was sent away. And then atthe forester's. She might have lived there; but no, she wouldnot." + +"I want to know about the child. She was confined at your house,was she not? Where's the child?" + +"As to the child, I considered that well at the time. She was sobad I never thought she would get up again. Well, so I christenedthe baby quite properly, and we sent it to the Foundlings'. Whyshould one let an innocent soul languish when the mother isdying? Others do like this. they just leave the baby, don't feedit, and it wastes away. But, thinks I, no; I'd rather take sometrouble, and send it to the Foundlings'. There was money enough,so I sent it off." + +"Did you not get its registration number from the Foundlings'Hospital?" + +"Yes, there was a number, but the baby died," she said. "It diedas soon as she brought it there." + +"Who is she?" + +"That same woman who used to live in Skorodno. She made abusiness of it. Her name was Malania. She's dead now. She was awise woman. What do you think she used to do? They'd bring her ababy, and she'd keep it and feed it; and she'd feed it until shehad enough of them to take to the Foundlings'. When she had threeor four, she'd take them all at once. She had such a cleverarrangement, a sort of big cradle--a double one she could putthem in one way or the other. It had a handle. So she'd put fourof them in, feet to feet and the heads apart, so that they shouldnot knock against each other. And so she took four at once. She'dput some pap in a rag into their mouths to keep 'em silent, thepets." + +"Well, go on." + +"Well, she took Katerina's baby in the same way, after keeping ita fortnight, I believe. It was in her house it began to sicken." + +"And was it a fine baby?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"Such a baby, that if you wanted a finer you could not find one.Your very image," the old woman added, with a wink. + +"Why did it sicken? Was the food bad?" + +"Eh, what food? Only just a pretence of food. Naturally, whenit's not one's own child. Only enough to get it there alive. Shesaid she just managed to get it to Moscow, and there it died. Shebrought a certificate--all in order. She was such a wise woman." + +That was all Nekhludoff could find out concerning his child. + +CHAPTER VI. + +REFLECTIONS OF A LANDLORD. + +Again striking his head against both doors, Nekhludoff went outinto the street, where the pink and the white boys were waitingfor him. A few newcomers were standing with them. Among thewomen, of whom several had babies in their arms, was the thinwoman with the baby who had the patchwork cap on its head. Sheheld lightly in her arms the bloodless infant, who kept strangelysmiling all over its wizened little face, and continually movingits crooked thumbs. + +Nekhludoff knew the smile to be one of suffering. He asked whothe woman was. + +"It is that very Anisia I told you about," said the elder boy. + +Nekhludoff turned to Anisia. + +"How do you live?" he asked. "By what means do you gain yourlivelihood?" + +"How do I live? I go begging," said Anisia, and began to cry. + +Nekhludoff took out his pocket-book, and gave the woman a10-rouble note. He had not had time to take two steps beforeanother woman with a baby caught him up, then an old woman, thenanother young one. All of them spoke of their poverty, and askedfor help. Nekhludoff gave them the 60 roubles--all in smallnotes--which he had with him, and, terribly sad at heart, turnedhome, i.e., to the foreman's house. + +The foreman met Nekhludoff with a smile, and informed him thatthe peasants would come to the meeting in the evening. Nekhludoffthanked him, and went straight into the garden to stroll alongthe paths strewn over with the petals of apple-blossom andovergrown with weeds, and to think over all he had seen. + +At first all was quiet, but soon Nekhludoff heard from behind theforeman's house two angry women's voices interrupting each other,and now and then the voice of the ever-smiling foreman.Nekhludoff listened. + +"My strength's at an end. What are you about, dragging the verycross [those baptized in the Russo-Greek Church always wear across round their necks] off my neck," said an angry woman'svoice. + +"But she only got in for a moment," said another voice. "Give ither back, I tell you. Why do you torment the beast, and thechildren, too, who want their milk?" + +"Pay, then, or work it off," said the foreman's voice. + +Nekhludoff left the garden and entered the porch, near whichstood two dishevelled women--one of them pregnant and evidentlynear her time. On one of the steps of the porch, with his handsin the pockets of his holland coat, stood the foreman. When theysaw the master, the women were silent, and began arranging thekerchiefs on their heads, and the foreman took his hands out ofhis pockets and began to smile. + +This is what had happened. From the foreman's words, it seemedthat the peasants were in the habit of letting their calves andeven their cows into the meadow belonging to the estate. Two cowsbelonging to the families of these two women were found in themeadow, and driven into the yard. The foreman demanded from thewomen 30 copecks for each cow or two days' work. The women,however, maintained that the cows had got into the meadow oftheir own accord; that they had no money, and asked that thecows, which had stood in the blazing sun since morning withoutfood, piteously lowing, should he returned to them, even if ithad to be on the understanding that the price should be workedoff later on. + +"How often have I not begged of you," said the smiling foreman,looking back at Nekhludoff as if calling upon him to be awitness, "if you drive your cattle home at noon, that you shouldhave an eye on them?" + +"I only ran to my little one for a bit, and they got away." + +"Don't run away when you have undertaken to watch the cows." + +"And who's to feed the little one? You'd not give him the breast,I suppose?" said the other woman. "Now, if they had reallydamaged the meadow, one would not take it so much to heart; butthey only strayed in a moment." + +"All the meadows are damaged," the foreman said, turning toNekhludoff. "If I exact no penalty there will be no hay." + +"There, now, don't go sinning like that; my cows have never beencaught there before," shouted the pregnant woman." + +"Now that one has been caught, pay up or work it off." + +"All right, I'll work it off; only let me have the cow now, don'ttorture her with hunger," she cried, angrily. "As it is, I haveno rest day or night. Mother-in-law is ill, husband taken todrink; I'm all alone to do all the work, and my strength's at anend. I wish you'd choke, you and your working it off." + +Nekhludoff asked the foreman to let the women take the cows, andwent back into the garden to go on thinking out his problem, butthere was nothing more to think about. + +Everything seemed so clear to him now that he could not stopwondering how it was that everybody did not see it, and that hehimself had for such a long while not seen what was so clearlyevident. The people were dying out, and had got used to thedying-out process, and had formed habits of life adapted to thisprocess: there was the great mortality among the children, theover-working of the women, the under-feeding, especially of theaged. And so gradually had the people come to this condition thatthey did not realise the full horrors of it, and did notcomplain. Therefore, we consider their condition natural and asit should be. Now it seemed as clear as daylight that the chiefcause of the people's great want was one that they themselvesknew and always pointed out, i.e., that the land which alonecould feed them had been taken from them by the landlords. + +And how evident it was that the children and the aged diedbecause they had no milk, and they had no milk because there wasno pasture land, and no land to grow corn or make hay on. It wasquite evident that all the misery of the people or, at least byfar the greater part of it, was caused by the fact that the landwhich should feed them was not in their hands, but in the handsof those who, profiting by their rights to the land, live by thework of these people. The land so much needed by men was tilledby these people, who were on the verge of starvation, so that thecorn might be sold abroad and the owners of the land might buythemselves hats and canes, and carriages and bronzes, etc. Heunderstood this as clearly as he understood that horses when theyhave eaten all the grass in the inclosure where they are keptwill have to grow thin and starve unless they are put where theycan get food off other land. + +This was terrible, and must not go on. Means must be found toalter it, or at least not to take part in it. "And I will findthem," he thought, as he walked up and down the path under thebirch trees. + +In scientific circles, Government institutions, and in the paperswe talk about the causes of the poverty among the people and themeans of ameliorating their condition; but we do not talk of theonly sure means which would certainly lighten their condition,i.e., giving back to them the land they need so much. + +Henry George's fundamental position recurred vividly to his mindand how he had once been carried away by it, and he was surprisedthat he could have forgotten it. The earth cannot be any one'sproperty; it cannot be bought or sold any more than water, air,or sunshine. All have an equal right to the advantages it givesto men. And now he knew why he had felt ashamed to remember thetransaction at Kousminski. He had been deceiving himself. He knewthat no man could have a right to own land, yet he had acceptedthis right as his, and had given the peasants something which, inthe depth of his heart, he knew he had no right to. Now he wouldnot act in this way, and would alter the arrangement inKousminski also. And he formed a project in his mind to let theland to the peasants, and to acknowledge the rent they paid forit to be their property, to be kept to pay the taxes and forcommunal uses. This was, of course, not the single-tax system,still it was as near an approach to it as could be had underexisting circumstances. His chief consideration, however, wasthat in this way he would no longer profit by the possession oflanded property. + +When he returned to the house the foreman, with a speciallypleasant smile, asked him if he would not have his dinner now,expressing the fear that the feast his wife was preparing, withthe help of the girl with the earrings, might be overdone. + +The table was covered with a coarse, unbleached cloth and anembroidered towel was laid on it in lieu of a napkin. Avieux-saxe soup tureen with a broken handle stood on the table,full of potato soup, the stock made of the fowl that had put outand drawn in his black leg, and was now cut, or rather chopped,in pieces, which were here and there covered with hairs. Afterthe soup more of the same fowl with the hairs was served roasted,and then curd pasties, very greasy, and with a great deal ofsugar. Little appetising as all this was, Nekhludoff hardlynoticed what he was eating; he was occupied with the thoughtwhich had in a moment dispersed the sadness with which he hadreturned from the village. + +The foreman's wife kept looking in at the door, whilst thefrightened maid with the earrings brought in the dishes; and theforeman smiled more and more joyfully, priding himself on hiswife's culinary skill. After dinner, Nekhludoff succeeded, withsome trouble, in making the foreman sit down. In order to revisehis own thoughts, and to express them to some one, he explainedhis project of letting the land to the peasants, and asked theforeman for his opinion. The foreman, smiling as if he hadthought all this himself long ago, and was very pleased to hearit, did not really understand it at all. This was not becauseNekhludoff did not express himself clearly, but because accordingto this project it turned out that Nekhludoff was giving up hisown profit for the profit of others, and the thought that everyone is only concerned about his own profit, to the harm ofothers, was so deeply rooted in the foreman's conceptions that heimagined he did not understand something when Nekhludoff saidthat all the income from the land must be placed to form thecommunal capital of the peasants. + +"Oh, I see; then you, of course, will receive the percentagesfrom that capital," said the foreman, brightening up. + +"Dear me! no. Don't you see, I am giving up the land altogether." + +"But then you will not get any income," said the foreman, smilingno longer. + +"Yes, I am going to give it up." + +The foreman sighed heavily, and then began smiling again. Now heunderstood. He understood that Nekhludoff was not quite normal,and at once began to consider how he himself could profit byNekhludoff's project of giving up the land, and tried to see thisproject in such a way that he might reap some advantage from it.But when he saw that this was impossible he grew sorrowful, andthe project ceased to interest him, and he continued to smileonly in order to please the master. + +Seeing that the foreman did not understand him, Nekhludoff lethim go and sat down by the window-sill, that was all cut aboutand inked over, and began to put his project down on paper. + +The sun went down behind the limes, that were covered with freshgreen, and the mosquitoes swarmed in, stinging Nekhludoff. Justas he finished his notes, he heard the lowing of cattle and thecreaking of opening gates from the village, and the voices of thepeasants gathering together for the meeting. He told the foremannot to call the peasants up to the office, as he meant to go intothe village himself and meet the men where they would assemble.Having hurriedly drank a cup of tea offered him by the foreman,Nekhludoff went to the village. + +CHAPTER VII. + +THE DISINHERITED. + +From the crowd assembled in front of the house of the villageelder came the sound of voices; but as soon as Nekhludoff came upthe talking ceased, and all the peasants took off their caps,just as those in Kousminski had done. The peasants here were of amuch poorer class than those in Kousminski. The men wore shoesmade of bark and homespun shirts and coats. Some had comestraight from their work in their shirts and with bare feet. + +Nekhludoff made an effort, and began his speech by telling thepeasants of his intention to give up his land to them altogether.The peasants were silent, and the expression on their faces didnot undergo any change. + +"Because I hold," said Nekhludoff, "and believe that every onehas a right to the use of the land." + +"That's certain. That's so, exactly," said several voices. + +Nekhludoff went on to say that the revenue from the land ought tobe divided among all, and that he would therefore suggest thatthey should rent the land at a price fixed by themselves, therent to form a communal fund for their own use. Words of approvaland agreement were still to be heard, but the serious faces ofthe peasants grew still more serious, and the eyes that had beenfixed on the gentleman dropped, as if they were unwilling to puthim to shame by letting him see that every one had understood histrick, and that no one would be deceived by him. + +Nekhludoff spoke clearly, and the peasants were intelligent, butthey did not and could not understand him, for the same reasonthat the foreman had so long been unable to understand him. + +They were fully convinced that it is natural for every man toconsider his own interest. The experience of many generations hadproved to them that the landlords always considered their owninterest to the detriment of the peasants. Therefore, if alandlord called them to a meeting and made them some kind of anew offer, it could evidently only be in order to swindle themmore cunningly than before. + +"Well, then, what are you willing to rent the land at? askedNekhludoff. + +"How can we fix a price? We cannot do it. The land is yours, andthe power is in your hands," answered some voices from among thecrowd. + +"Oh, not at all. You will yourselves have the use of the moneyfor communal purposes." + +"We cannot do it; the commune is one thing, and this is another." + +"Don't you understand?" said the foreman, with a smile (he hadfollowed Nekhludoff to the meeting), "the Prince is letting theland to you for money, and is giving you the money back to form acapital for the commune." + +"We understand very well," said a cross, toothless old man,without raising his eyes. "Something like a bank; we should haveto pay at a fixed time. We do not wish it; it is hard enough asit is, and that would ruin us completely." + +"That's no go. We prefer to go on the old way," began severaldissatisfied, and even rude, voices. + +The refusals grew very vehement when Nekhludoff mentioned that hewould draw up an agreement which would have to be signed by himand by them. + +"Why sign? We shall go on working as we have done hitherto. Whatis all this for? We are ignorant men." + +"We can't agree, because this sort of thing is not what we havebeen used to. As it was, so let it continue to be. Only the seedswe should like to withdraw." + +This meant that under the present arrangement the seeds had to beprovided by the peasants, and they wanted the landlord to providethem. + +"Then am I to understand that you refuse to accept the land?"Nekhludoff asked, addressing a middle-aged, barefooted peasant,with a tattered coat, and a bright look on his face, who washolding his worn cap with his left hand, in a peculiarly straightposition, in the same way soldiers hold theirs when commanded totake them off. + +"Just so," said this peasant, who had evidently not yet ridhimself of the military hypnotism he had been subjected to whileserving his time. + +"It means that you have sufficient land," said Nekhludoff. + +"No, sir, we have not," said the ex-soldier, with an artificiallypleased look, carefully holding his tattered cap in front of him,as if offering it to any one who liked to make use of it. + +"Well, anyhow, you'd better think over what I have said."Nekhludoff spoke with surprise, and again repeated his offer. + +"We have no need to think about it; as we have said, so it willbe," angrily muttered the morose, toothless old man. + +"I shall remain here another day, and if you change your minds,send to let me know." + +The peasants gave no answer. + +So Nekhludoff did not succeed in arriving at any result from thisinterview. + +"If I might make a remark, Prince," said the foreman, when theygot home, "you will never come to any agreement with them; theyare so obstinate. At a meeting these people just stick in oneplace, and there is no moving them. It is because they arefrightened of everything. Why, these very peasants--say thatwhite-haired one, or the dark one, who were refusing, areintelligent peasants. When one of them comes to the office andone makes him sit down to cup of tea it's like in the Palace ofWisdom--he is quite diplomatist," said the foreman, smiling; "hewill consider everything rightly. At a meeting it's a differentman--he keeps repeating one and the same . . ." + +"Well, could not some of the more intelligent men he asked tocome here?" said Nekhludoff. "I would carefully explain it tothem." + +"That can he done," said the smiling foreman. + +"Well, then, would you mind calling them here to-morrow?" + +"Oh, certainly I will," said the foreman, and smiled still morejoyfully. "I shall call them to-morrow." + +"Just hear him; he's not artful, not he," said a blackhairedpeasant, with an unkempt beard, as he sat jolting from side toside on a well-fed mare, addressing an old man in a torn coat whorode by his side. The two men were driving a herd of thepeasants' horses to graze in the night, alongside the highroadand secretly, in the landlord's forest. + +"Give you the land for nothing--you need only sign--have they notdone the likes of us often enough? No, my friend, none of yourhumbug. Nowadays we have a little sense," he added, and beganshouting at a colt that had strayed. + +He stopped his horse and looked round, but the colt had notremained behind; it had gone into the meadow by the roadside."Bother that son of a Turk; he's taken to getting into thelandowner's meadows," said the dark peasant with the unkemptbeard, hearing the cracking of the sorrel stalks that theneighing colt was galloping over as he came running back from thescented meadow. + +"Do you hear the cracking? We'll have to send the women folk toweed the meadow when there's a holiday," said the thin peasantwith the torn coat, "or else we'll blunt our scythes." + +"Sign," he says. The unkempt man continued giving his opinion ofthe landlord's speech. "'Sign,' indeed, and let him swallow youup." + +"That's certain," answered the old man. And then they weresilent, and the tramping of the horses' feet along the highroadwas the only sound to be heard. + +CHAPTER VIII. + +GOD'S PEACE IN THE HEART. + +When Nekhludoff returned he found that the office had beenarranged as a bedroom for him. A high bedstead, with a featherbed and two large pillows, had been placed in the room. The bedwas covered with a dark red doublebedded silk quilt, which waselaborately and finely quilted, and very stiff. It evidentlybelonged to the trousseau of the foreman's wife. The foremanoffered Nekhludoff the remains of the dinner, which the latterrefused, and, excusing himself for the poorness of the fare andthe accommodation, he left Nekhludoff alone. + +The peasants' refusal did not at all bother Nekhludoff. On thecontrary, though at Kousminski his offer had been accepted and hehad even been thanked for it, and here he was met with suspicionand even enmity, he felt contented and joyful. + +It was close and dirty in the office. Nekhludoff went out intothe yard, and was going into the garden, but he remembered: thatnight, the window of the maid-servant's room, the side porch, andhe felt uncomfortable, and did not like to pass the spotdesecrated by guilty memories. He sat down on the doorstep, andbreathing in the warm air, balmy with the strong scent of freshbirch leaves, he sat for a long time looking into the dark gardenand listening to the mill, the nightingales, and some other birdthat whistled monotonously in the bush close by. The lightdisappeared from the foreman's window; in the cast, behind thebarn, appeared the light of the rising moon, and sheet lightningbegan to light up the dilapidated house, and the blooming,over-grown garden more and more frequently. It began to thunderin the distance, and a black cloud spread over one-third of thesky. The nightingales and the other birds were silent. Above themurmur of the water from the mill came the cackling of geese, andthen in the village and in the foreman's yard the first cocksbegan to crow earlier than usual, as they do on warm, thunderynights. There is a saying that if the cocks crow early the nightwill be a merry one. For Nekhludoff the night was more thanmerry; it was a happy, joyful night. Imagination renewed theimpressions of that happy summer which he had spent here as aninnocent lad, and he felt himself as he had been not only at thatbut at all the best moments of his life. He not only rememberedbut felt as he had felt when, at the age of 14, he prayed thatGod would show him the truth; or when as a child he had wept onhis mother's lap, when parting from her, and promising to bealways good, and never give her pain; he felt as he did when heand Nikolenka Irtenieff resolved always to support each other inliving a good life and to try to make everybody happy. + +He remembered how he had been tempted in Kousminski, so that hehad begun to regret the house and the forest and the farm and theland, and he asked himself if he regretted them now, and it evenseemed strange to think that he could regret them. He rememberedall he had seen to-day; the woman with the children, and withouther husband, who was in prison for having cut down trees in his(Nekhludoff's) forest, and the terrible Matrona, who considered,or at least talked as if she considered, that women of herposition must give themselves to the gentlefolk; he rememberedher relation to the babies, the way in which they were taken tothe Foundlings' Hospital, and the unfortunate, smiling, wizenedbaby with the patchwork cap, dying of starvation. And then hesuddenly remembered the prison, the shaved heads, the cells, thedisgusting smells, the chains, and, by the side of it all, themadly lavish city lift of the rich, himself included. + +The bright moon, now almost full, rose above the barn. Darkshadows fell across the yard, and the iron roof of the ruinedhouse shone bright. As if unwilling to waste this light, thenightingales again began their trills. + +Nekhludoff called to mind how he had begun to consider his lifein the garden of Kousminski when deciding what he was going todo, and remembered how confused he had become, how he could notarrive at any decision, how many difficulties each question hadpresented. He asked himself these questions now, and wassurprised how simple it all was. It was simple because he was notthinking now of what would be the results for himself, but onlythought of what he had to do. And, strange to say, what he had todo for himself he could not decide, but what he had to do forothers he knew without any doubt. He had no doubt that he mustnot leave Katusha, but go on helping her. He had no doubt that hemust study, investigate, clear up, understand all this businessconcerning judgment and punishment, which he felt he sawdifferently to other people. What would result from it all he didnot know, but he knew for certain that he must do it. And thisfirm assurance gave him joy. + +The black cloud had spread all over the sky; the lightningflashed vividly across the yard and the old house with itstumble-down porches, the thunder growled overhead. All the birdswere silent, but the leaves rustled and the wind reached the stepwhere Nekhludoff stood and played with his hair. One drop camedown, then another; then they came drumming on the dock leavesand on the iron of the roof, and all the air was filled by abright flash, and before Nekhludoff could count three a fearfulcrash sounded over head and spread pealing all over the sky. + +Nekhludoff went in. + +"Yes, yes," he thought. "The work that our life accomplishes, thewhole of this work, the meaning of it is not, nor can be,intelligible to me. What were my aunts for? Why did NikolenkaIrtenieff die? Why am I living? What was Katusha for? And mymadness? Why that war? Why my subsequent lawless life? Tounderstand it, to understand the whole of the Master's will isnot in my power. But to do His will, that is written down in myconscience, is in my power; that I know for certain. And when Iam fulfilling it I have sureness and peace." + +The rain came down in torrents and rushed from the roof into atub beneath; the lightning lit up the house and yard lessfrequently. Nekhludoff went into his room, undressed, and laydown, not without fear of the bugs, whose presence the dirty,torn wall-papers made him suspect. + +"Yes, to feel one's self not the master but a servant," hethought, and rejoiced at the thought. His fears were not vain.Hardly had he put out his candle when the vermin attacked andstung him. "To give up the land and go to Siberia. Fleas, bugs,dirt! Ah, well; if it must be borne, I shall bear it." But, inspite of the best of intentions, he could not bear it, and satdown by the open window and gazed with admiration at theretreating clouds and the reappearing moon. + +CHAPTER IX. + +THE LAND SETTLEMENT. + +It was morning before Nekhludoff could fall asleep, and thereforehe woke up late. At noon seven men, chosen from among thepeasants at the foreman's invitation, came into the orchard,where the foreman had arranged a table and benches by diggingposts into the ground, and fixing boards on the top, under theapple trees. It took some time before the peasants could bepersuaded to put on their caps and to sit down on the benches.Especially firm was the ex-soldier, who to-day had bark shoes on.He stood erect, holding his cap as they do at funerals, accordingto military regulation. When one of them, a respectable-looking,broad-shouldered old man, with a curly, grizzly beard like thatof Michael Angelo's "Moses," and grey hair that curled round thebrown, bald forehead, put on his big cap, and, wrapping his coatround him, got in behind the table and sat down, the restfollowed his example. When all had taken their places Nekhludoffsat down opposite them, and leaning on the table over the paperon which he had drawn up his project, he began explaining it. + +Whether it was that there were fewer present, or that he wasoccupied with the business in hand and not with himself, anyhow,this time Nekhludoff felt no confusion. He involuntarilyaddressed the broad-shouldered old man with white ringlets in hisgrizzly beard, expecting approbation or objections from him. ButNekhludoff's conjecture was wrong. The respectable-looking oldpatriarch, though he nodded his handsome head approvingly orshook it, and frowned when the others raised an objection,evidently understood with great difficulty, and only when theothers repeated what Nekhludoff had said in their own words. Alittle, almost beardless old fellow, blind in one eye, who sat bythe side of the patriarch, and had a patched nankeen coat and oldboots on, and, as Nekhludoff found out later, was anoven-builder, understood much better. This man moved his browsquickly, attending to Nekhludoff's words with an effort, and atonce repeated them in his own way. An old, thick-set man with awhite beard and intelligent eyes understood as quickly, and tookevery opportunity to put in an ironical joke, clearly wishing toshow off. The ex-soldier seemed also to understand matters, butgot mixed, being used to senseless soldiers' talk. A tall manwith a small beard, a long nose, and a bass voice, who woreclean, home-made clothes and new bark-plaited shoes, seemed to bethe one most seriously interested. This man spoke only when therewas need of it. The two other old men, the same toothless one whohad shouted a distinct refusal at the meeting the day before toevery proposal of Nekhludoff's, and a tall, white lame old manwith a kind face, his thin legs tightly wrapped round with stripsof linen, said little, though they listened attentively. First ofall Nekhludoff explained his views in regard to personal propertyin land. "The land, according to my idea, can neither he boughtnor sold, because if it could be, he who has got the money couldbuy it all, and exact anything he liked for the use of the landfrom those who have none." + +"That's true," said the long-nosed man, in a deep bass. + +"Just so," said the ex-soldier. + +"A woman gathers a little grass for her cow; she's caught andimprisoned," said the white-bearded old man. + +"Our own land is five versts away, and as to renting any it'simpossible; the price is raised so high that it won't pay," addedthe cross, toothless old man. "They twist us into ropes, worsethan during serfdom." + +"I think as you do, and I count it a sin to possess land, so Iwish to give it away," said Nekhludoff. + +"Well, that's a good thing," said the old man, with curls likeAngelo's "Moses," evidently thinking that Nekhludoff meant to letthe land. + +"I have come here because I no longer wish to possess any land,and now we must consider the best way of dividing it." + +"Just give it to the peasants, that's all," said the cross,toothless old man. + +Nekhludoff was abashed for a moment, feeling a suspicion of hisnot being honest in these words, but he instantly recovered, andmade use of the remark, in order to express what was in his mind,in reply. + +"I should be glad to give it them," he said, "but to whom, andhow? To which of the peasants? Why, to your commune, and not tothat of Deminsk." (That was the name of a neighbouring villagewith very little land.) All were silent. Then the ex-soldiersaid, "Just so." + +"Now, then, tell me how would you divide the land among thepeasants if you had to do it?" said Nekhludoff. + +"We should divide it up equally, so much for every man," said theoven-builder, quickly raising and lowering his brows. + +"How else? Of course, so much per man," said the good naturedlame man with the white strips of linen round his legs. + +Every one confirmed this statement, considering it satisfactory. + +"So much per man? Then are the servants attached to the housealso to have a share?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"Oh, no," said the ex-soldier, trying to appear bold and merry.But the tall, reasonable man would not agree with him. + +"If one is to divide, all must share alike," he said, in his deepbass, after a little consideration. + +"It can't be done," said Nekhludoff, who had already prepared hisreply. "If all are to share alike, then those who do not workthemselves--do not plough--will sell their shares to the rich.The rich will again get at the land. Those who live by workingthe land will multiply, and land will again be scarce. Then therich will again get those who need land into their power." + +"Just so," quickly said the ex-soldier. + +"Forbid to sell the land; let only him who ploughs it have it,"angrily interrupted the oven-builder. + +To this Nekhludoff replied that it was impossible to know who wasploughing for himself and who for another. + +The tall, reasonable man proposed that an arrangement be made sothat they should all plough communally, and those who ploughedshould get the produce and those who did not should get nothing. + +To this communistic project Nekhludoff had also an answer ready.He said that for such an arrangement it would be necessary thatall should have ploughs, and that all the horses should be alike,so that none should be left behind, and that ploughs and horsesand all the implements would have to be communal property, andthat in order to get that, all the people would have to agree. + +"Our people could not be made to agree in a lifetime," said thecross old man. + +"We should have regular fights," said the white-bearded old manwith the laughing eyes. "So that the thing is not as simple as itlooks," said Nekhludoff, "and this is a thing not only we butmany have been considering. There is an American, Henry George.This is what he has thought out, and I agree with him." + +"Why, you are the master, and you give it as you like. What's itto you? The power is yours," said the cross old man. + +This confused Nekhludoff, but he was pleased to see that not healone was dissatisfied with this interruption. + +You wait a bit, Uncle Simon; let him tell us about it," said thereasonable man, in his imposing bass. + +This emboldened Nekhludoff, and he began to explain HenryGeorge's single-tax system "The earth is no man's; it is God's,"he began. + +"Just so; that it is," several voices replied. + +"The land is common to all. All have the same right to it, butthere is good land and bad land, and every one would like to takethe good land. How is one to do in order to get it justlydivided? In this way: he that will use the good land must paythose who have got no land the value of the land he uses,"Nekhludoff went on, answering his own question. "As it would bedifficult to say who should pay whom, and money is needed forcommunal use, it should be arranged that he who uses the goodland should pay the amount of the value of his land to thecommune for its needs. Then every one would share equally. If youwant to use land pay for it--more for the good, less for the badland. If you do not wish to use land, don't pay anything, andthose who use the land will pay the taxes and the communalexpenses for you." + +"Well, he had a head, this George," said the oven-builder, movinghis brows. "He who has good land must pay more." + +"If only the payment is according to our strength," said the tallman with the bass voice, evidently foreseeing how the matterwould end. + +"The payment should be not too high and not too low. If it is toohigh it will not get paid, and there will be a loss; and if it istoo low it will be bought and sold. There would be a trading inland. This is what I wished to arrange among you here." + +"That is just, that is right; yes, that would do," said thepeasants. + +"He has a head, this George," said the broad-shouldered old manwith the curls. "See what he has invented." + +"Well, then, how would it be if I wished to take some land?"asked the smiling foreman. + +"If there is an allotment to spare, take it and work it," saidNekhludoff. + +"What do you want it for? You have sufficient as it is," said theold man with the laughing eyes. + +With this the conference ended. + +Nekhludoff repeated his offer, and advised the men to talk itover with the rest of the commune and to return with the answer. + +The peasants said they would talk it over and bring an answer,and left in a state of excitement. Their loud talk was audible asthey went along the road, and up to late in the night the soundof voices came along the river from the village. + +The next day the peasants did not go to work, but spent it inconsidering the landlord's offer. The commune was divided intotwo parties--one which regarded the offer as a profitable one tothemselves and saw no danger in agreeing with it, and anotherwhich suspected and feared the offer it did not understand. Onthe third day, however, all agreed, and some were sent toNekhludoff to accept his offer. They were influenced in theirdecision by the explanation some of the old men gave of thelandlord's conduct, which did away with all fear of deceit. Theythought the gentleman had begun to consider his soul, and wasacting as he did for its salvation. The alms which Nekhludoff hadgiven away while in Panovo made his explanation seem likely. Thefact that Nekhludoff had never before been face to face with suchgreat poverty and so bare a life as the peasants had come to inthis place, and was so appalled by it, made him give away moneyin charity, though he knew that this was not reasonable. He couldnot help giving the money, of which he now had a great deal,having received a large sum for the forest he had sold the yearbefore, and also the hand money for the implements and stock inKousminski. As soon as it was known that the master was givingmoney in charity, crowds of people, chiefly women, began to cometo ask him for help. He did not in the least know how to dealwith them, how to decide, how much, and whom to give to. He feltthat to refuse to give money, of which he had a great deal, topoor people was impossible, yet to give casually to those whoasked was not wise. The last day he spent in Panovo, Nekhludofflooked over the things left in his aunts' house, and in thebottom drawer of the mahogany wardrobe, with the brass lions'heads with rings through them, he found many letters, and amongstthem a photograph of a group, consisting of his aunts, SophiaIvanovna and Mary Ivanovna, a student, and Katusha. Of all thethings in the house he took only the letters and the photograph.The rest he left to the miller who, at the smiling foreman'srecommendation, had bought the house and all it contained, to betaken down and carried away, at one-tenth of the real value. + +Recalling the feeling of regret at the loss of his property whichhe had felt in Kousminski, Nekhludoff was surprised how he couldhave felt this regret. Now he felt nothing but unceasing joy atthe deliverance, and a sensation of newness something like thatwhich a traveller must experience when discovering new countries. + +CHAPTER X. + +NEKHLUDOFF RETURNS TO TOWN. + +The town struck Nekhludoff in a new and peculiar light on hisreturn. He came back in the evening, when the gas was lit, anddrove from the railway station to his house, where the roomsstill smelt of naphthaline. Agraphena Petrovna and Corney wereboth feeling tired and dissatisfied, and had even had a quarrelover those things that seemed made only to be aired and packedaway. Nekhludoff's room was empty, but not in order, and the wayto it was blocked up with boxes, so that his arrival evidentlyhindered the business which, owing to a curious kind of inertia,was going on in this house. The evident folly of theseproceedings, in which he had once taken part, was so distastefulto Nekhludoff after the impressions the misery of the life of thepeasants had made on him, that he decided to go to a hotel thenext day, leaving Agraphena Petrovna to put away the things asshe thought fit until his sister should come and finally disposeof everything in the house. + +Nekhludoff left home early and chose a couple of rooms in a verymodest and not particularly clean lodging-house within easy reachof the prison, and, having given orders that some of his thingsshould be sent there, he went to see the advocate. It was coldout of doors. After some rainy and stormy weather it had turnedout cold, as it often does in spring. It was so cold thatNekhludoff felt quite chilly in his light overcoat, and walkedfast hoping to get warmer. His mind was filled with thoughts ofthe peasants, the women, children, old men, and all the povertyand weariness which he seemed to have seen for the first time,especially the smiling, old-faced infant writhing with hiscalfless little legs, and he could not help contrasting what wasgoing on in the town. Passing by the butchers', fishmongers', andclothiers' shops, he was struck, as if he saw them for the firsttime, by the appearance of the clean, well-fed shopkeepers, likewhom you could not find one peasant in the country. These menwere apparently convinced that the pains they took to deceive thepeople who did not know much about their goods was not a uselessbut rather an important business. The coachmen with their broadhips and rows of buttons down their sides, and the door-keeperswith gold cords on their caps, the servant-girls with theiraprons and curly fringes, and especially the smart isvostchikswith the nape of their necks clean shaved, as they sat lollingback in their traps, and examined the passers-by with dissoluteand contemptuous air, looked well fed. In all these peopleNekhludoff could not now help seeing some of these very peasantswho had been driven into the town by lack of land. Some of thepeasants driven to the town had found means of profiting by theconditions of town life and had become like the gentlefolk andwere pleased with their position; others were in a worse positionthan they had been in the country and were more to be pitied thanthe country people. + +Such seemed the bootmakers Nekhludoff saw in the cellar, thepale, dishevelled washerwomen with their thin, bare, arms ironingat an open window, out of which streamed soapy steam; such thetwo house-painters with their aprons, stockingless feet, allbespattered and smeared with paint, whom Nekhludoff met--theirweak, brown arms bared to above the elbows--carrying a pailful ofpaint, and quarrelling with each other. Their faces lookedhaggard and cross. The dark faces of the carters jolting along intheir carts bore the same expression, and so did the faces of thetattered men and women who stood begging at the street corners.The same kind of faces were to be seen at the open, windows ofthe eating-houses which Nekhludoff passed. By the dirty tables onwhich stood tea things and bottles, and between which waitersdressed in white shirts were rushing hither and thither, satshouting and singing red, perspiring men with stupefied faces.One sat by the window with lifted brows and pouting lips andfixed eyes as if trying to remember something. + +"And why are they all gathered here?" Nekhludoff thought,breathing in together with the dust which the cold wind blewtowards him the air filled with the smell of rank oil and freshpaint. + +In one street he met a row of carts loaded with something made ofiron, that rattled so on the uneven pavement that it made hisears and head ache. He started walking still faster in order topass the row of carts, when he heard himself called by name. Hestopped and saw an officer with sharp pointed moustaches andshining face who sat in the trap of a swell isvostchik and wavedhis hand in a friendly manner, his smile disclosing unusuallylong, white teeth. + +"Nekhludoff! Can it be you?" + +Nekhludoff's first feeling was one of pleasure. "Ah, Schonbock!"he exclaimed joyfully; but he knew the next moment that there wasnothing to be joyful about. + +This was that Schonbock who had been in the house of Nekhludoff'saunts that day, and whom Nekhludoff had quite lost out of sight,but about whom he had heard that in spite of his debts he hadsomehow managed to remain in the cavalry, and by some means orother still kept his place among the rich. His gay, contentedappearance corroborated this report. + +"What a good thing that I have caught you. There is no one intown. Ah, old fellow; you have grown old," he said, getting outof the trap and moving his shoulders about. "I only knew you byyour walk. Look here, we must dine together. Is there any placewhere they feed one decently?" + +"I don't think I can spare the time," Nekhludoff answered,thinking only of how he could best get rid of his companionwithout hurting him. + +"And what has brought you here?" he asked. + +"Business, old fellow. Guardianship business. I am a guardiannow. I am managing Samanoff's affairs--the millionaire, you know.He has softening of the brain, and he's got fifty-four thousanddesiatins of land," he said, with peculiar pride, as if he hadhimself made all these desiatins. "The affairs were terriblyneglected. All the land was let to the peasants. They did not payanything. There were more than eighty thousand roubles debts. Ichanged it all in one year, and have got 70 per cent. more out ofit. What do you think of that?" he asked proudly. + +Nekhludoff remembered having heard that this Schonbock, justbecause, he had spent all he had, had attained by some specialinfluence the post of guardian to a rich old man who wassquandering his property--and was now evidently living by thisguardianship. + +"How am I to get rid of him without offending him?" thoughtNekhludoff, looking at this full, shiny face with the stiffenedmoustache and listening to his friendly, good-humoured chatterabout where one gets fed best, and his bragging about his doingsas a guardian. + +"Well, then, where do we dine?" + +"Really, I have no time to spare," said Nekhludoff, glancing athis watch. + +"Then, look here. To-night, at the races--will you be there?" + +"No, I shall not be there." + +"Do come. I have none of my own now, but I back Grisha's horses.You remember; he has a fine stud. You'll come, won't you? Andwe'll have some supper together." + +"No, I cannot have supper with you either," said Nekhludoff witha smile. + +"Well, that's too bad! And where are you off to now? Shall I giveyou a lift?" + +"I am going to see an advocate, close to here round the corner." + +"Oh, yes, of course. You have got something to do with theprisons--have turned into a prisoners' mediator, I hear," saidSchonbock, laughing. "The Korchagins told me. They have left townalready. What does it all mean? Tell me." + +"Yes, yes, it is quite true," Nekhludoff answered; "but I cannottell you about it in the street." + +"Of course; you always were a crank. But you will come to theraces?" + +"No. I neither can nor wish to come. Please do not be angry withme." + +"Angry? Dear me, no. Where do you live?" And suddenly his facebecame serious, his eyes fixed, and he drew up his brows. Heseemed to be trying to remember something, and Nekhludoff noticedthe same dull expression as that of the man with the raised browsand pouting lips whom he had seen at the window of theeating-house. + +"How cold it is! Is it not? Have you got the parcels?" saidSchonbock, turning to the isvostchik. + +"All right. Good-bye. I am very glad indeed to have met you," andwarmly pressing Nekhludoff's hand, he jumped into the trap andwaved his white-gloved hand in front of his shiny face, with hisusual smile, showing his exceptionally white teeth. + +"Can I have also been like that?" Nekhludoff thought, as hecontinued his way to the advocate's. "Yes, I wished to be likethat, though I was not quite like it. And I thought of living mylife in that way." + +CHAPTER XI. + +AN ADVOCATE'S VIEWS ON JUDGES AND PROSECUTORS. + +Nekhludoff was admitted by the advocate before his turn. Theadvocate at once commenced to talk about the Menshoffs' case,which he had read with indignation at the inconsistency of theaccusation. + +"This case is perfectly revolting," he said; "it is very likelythat the owner himself set fire to the building in order to getthe insurance money, and the chief thing is that there is noevidence to prove the Menshoffs' guilt. There are no proofswhatever. It is all owing to the special zeal of the examiningmagistrate and the carelessness of the prosecutor. If they aretried here, and not in a provincial court, I guarantee that theywill be acquitted, and I shall charge nothing. Now then, the nextcase, that of Theodosia Birukoff. The appeal to the Emperor iswritten. If you go to Petersburg, you'd better take it with you,and hand it in yourself, with a request of your own, or else theywill only make a few inquiries, and nothing will come of it. Youmust try and get at some of the influential members of the AppealCommittee." + +"Well, is this all?" + +"No; here I have a letter . . . I see you have turned into apipe--a spout through which all the complaints of the prison arepoured," said the advocate, with a smile. "It is too much; you'llnot be able to manage it." + +"No, but this is a striking case," said Nekhludoff, and gave abrief outline of the case of a peasant who began to read theGospels to the peasants in the village, and to discuss them withhis friends. The priests regarded this as a crime and informedthe authorities. The magistrate examined him and the publicprosecutor drew up an act of indictment, and the law courtscommitted him for trial. + +"This is really too terrible," Nekhludoff said. "Can it be true?" + +"What are you surprised at?" + +"Why, everything. I can understand the police-officer, who simplyobeys orders, but the prosecutor drawing up an act of that kind.An educated man . . ." + +"That is where the mistake lies, that we are in the habit ofconsidering that the prosecutors and the judges in general aresome kind of liberal persons. There was a time when they weresuch, but now it is quite different. They are just officials,only troubled about pay-day. They receive their salaries and wantthem increased, and there their principles end. They will accuse,judge, and sentence any one you like." + +"Yes; but do laws really exist that can condemn a man to Siberiafor reading the Bible with his friends?" + +"Not only to be exiled to the less remote parts of Siberia, buteven to the mines, if you can only prove that reading the Biblethey took the liberty of explaining it to others not according toorders, and in this way condemned the explanations given by theChurch. Blaming the Greek orthodox religion in the presence ofthe common people means, according to Statute . . . the mines." + +"Impossible!" + +"I assure you it is so. I always tell these gentlemen, thejudges," the advocate continued, "that I cannot look at themwithout gratitude, because if I am not in prison, and you, andall of us, it is only owing to their kindness. To deprive us ofour privileges, and send us all to the less remote parts ofSiberia, would be an easy thing for them." + +"Well, if it is so, and if everything depends on the Procureurand others who can, at will, either enforce the laws or not, whatare the trials for?" + +The advocate burst into a merry laugh. "You do put strangequestions. My dear sir, that is philosophy. Well, we might have atalk about that, too. Could you come on Saturday? You will meetmen of science, literary men, and artists at my house, and thenwe might discuss these general questions," said the advocate,pronouncing the words "general questions" with ironical pathos."You have met my wife? Do come." + +"Thank you; I will try to," said Nekhludoff, and felt that he wassaying an untruth, and knew that if he tried to do anything itwould be to keep away froth the advocate's literary evening, andthe circle of the men of science, art, and literature. + +The laugh with which the advocate met Nekhludoff's remark thattrials could have no meaning if the judges might enforce the lawsor not, according to their notion, and the tone with which hepronounced the words "philosophy" and "general questions" provedto Nekhludoff how very differently he and the advocate and,probably, the advocate's friends, looked at things; and he feltthat in spite of the distance that now existed between himselfand his former companions, Schonbock, etc., the differencebetween himself and the circle of the advocate and his friendswas still greater. + +CHAPTER XII. + +WHY THE PEASANTS FLOCK TO TOWN. + +The prison was a long way off and it was getting late, soNekhludoff took an isvostchik. The isvostchik, a middle-aged manwith an intelligent and kind face, turned round towardsNekhludoff as they were driving along one of the streets andpointed to a huge house that was being built there. + +"Just see what a tremendous house they have begun to build," hesaid, as if he was partly responsible for the building of thehouse and proud of it. The house was really immense and was beingbuilt in a very original style. The strong pine beams of thescaffolding were firmly fixed together with iron bands and aplank wall separated the building from the street. + +On the boards of the scaffolding workmen, all bespattered withplaster, moved hither and thither like ants. Some were layingbricks, some hewing stones, some carrying up the heavy hods andpails and bringing them down empty. A fat and finely-dressedgentleman--probably the architect--stood by the scaffolding,pointing upward and explaining something to a contractor, apeasant from the Vladimir Government, who was respectfullylistening to him. Empty carts were coming out of the gate bywhich the architect and the contractor were standing, and loadedones were going in. "And how sure they all are--those that do thework as well as those that make them do it--that it ought to be;that while their wives at home, who are with child, are labouringbeyond their strength, and their children with the patchworkcaps, doomed soon to the cold grave, smile with suffering andcontort their little legs, they must be building this stupid anduseless palace for some stupid and useless person--one of thosewho spoil and rob them," Nekhludoff thought, while looking at thehouse. + +"Yes, it is a stupid house," he said, uttering his thought outaloud. + +"Why stupid?" replied the isvostchik, in an offended tone."Thanks to it, the people get work; it's not stupid." + +"But the work is useless." + +"It can't be useless, or why should it be done?" said theisvostchik. "The people get bread by it." + +Nekhludoff was silent, and it would have been difficult to talkbecause of the clatter the wheels made. + +When they came nearer the prison, and the isvostchik turned offthe paved on to the macadamised road, it became easier to talk,and he again turned to Nekhludoff. + +"And what a lot of these people are flocking to the townnowadays; it's awful," he said, turning round on the box andpointing to a party of peasant workmen who were coming towardsthem, carrying saws, axes, sheepskins, coats, and bags strappedto their shoulders. + +"More than in other years?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"By far. This year every place is crowded, so that it's justterrible. The employers just fling the workmen about like chaff.Not a job to be got." + +"Why is that?" + +"They've increased. There's no room for them." + +"Well, what if they have increased? Why do not they stay in thevillage?" + +"There's nothing for them to do in the village--no land to behad." + +Nekhludoff felt as one does when touching a sore place. It feelsas if the bruised part was always being hit; yet it is onlybecause the place is sore that the touch is felt. + +"Is it possible that the same thing is happening everywhere?" hethought, and began questioning the isvostchik about the quantityof land in his village, how much land the man himself had, andwhy he had left the country. + +"We have a desiatin per man, sir," he said. "Our family havethree men's shares of the land. My father and a brother are athome, and manage the land, and another brother is serving in thearmy. But there's nothing to manage. My brother has had thoughtsof coming to Moscow, too." + +"And cannot land be rented? + +"How's one to rent it nowadays? The gentry, such as they were,have squandered all theirs. Men of business have got it all intotheir own hands. One can't rent it from them. They farm itthemselves. We have a Frenchman ruling in our place; he boughtthe estate from our former landlord, and won't let it--andthere's an end of it." + +"Who's that Frenchman?" + +"Dufour is the Frenchman's name. Perhaps you've heard of him. Hemakes wigs for the actors in the big theatre; it is a goodbusiness, so he's prospering. He bought it from our lady, thewhole of the estate, and now he has us in his power; he justrides on us as he pleases. The Lord be thanked, he is a good manhimself; only his wife, a Russian, is such a brute that--God havemercy on us. She robs the people. It's awful. Well, here's theprison. Am I to drive you to the entrance? I'm afraid they'll notlet us do it, though." + +CHAPTER XIII. + +NURSE MASLOVA. + +When he rang the bell at the front entrance Nekhludoff's heartstood still with horror as he thought of the state he might findMaslova in to-day, and at the mystery that he felt to be in herand in the people that were collected in the prison. He asked thejailer who opened the door for Maslova. After making thenecessary inquiry the jailer informed him that she was in thehospital. Nekhludoff went there. A kindly old man, the hospitaldoorkeeper, let him in at once and, after asking Nekhludoff whomhe wanted, directed him to the children's ward. A young doctorsaturated with carbolic acid met Nekhludoff in the passage andasked him severely what he wanted. This doctor was always makingall sorts of concessions to the prisoners, and was thereforecontinually coming into conflict with the prison authorities andeven with the head doctor. Fearing lest Nekhludoff should demandsomething unlawful, and wishing to show that he made noexceptions for any one, he pretended to be cross. "There are nowomen here; it is the children's ward," he said. + +"Yes, I know; but a prisoner has been removed here to be anassistant nurse." + +"Yes, there are two such here. Then whom do you want?" + +"I am closely connected with one of them, named Maslova,"Nekhludoff answered, "and should like to speak to her. I am goingto Petersburg to hand in an appeal to the Senate about her caseand should like to give her this. It is only a photo," Nekhludoffsaid, taking an envelope out of his pocket. + +"All right, you may do that," said the doctor, relenting, andturning to an old woman with a white apron, he told her to callthe prisoner--Nurse Maslova. + +"Will you take a seat, or go into the waiting-room? + +"Thanks," said Nekhludoff, and profiting by the favourable changein the manner of the doctor towards him asked how they weresatisfied with Maslova in the hospital. + +"Oh, she is all right. She works fairly well, if you theconditions of her former life into account. But here she is." + +The old nurse came in at one of the doors, followed by Maslova,who wore a blue striped dress, a white apron, a kerchief thatquite covered her hair. When she saw Nekhludoff her face flushed,and she stopped as if hesitating, then frowned, and with downcasteyes went quickly towards him along the strip of carpet in themiddle of the passage. When she came up to Nekhludoff she did notwish to give him her hand, and then gave it, growing redderstill. Nekhludoff had not seen her since the day when she beggedforgiveness for having been in a passion, and he expected to findher the same as she was then. But to-day she quite different.There was something new in the expression of her face, reserveand shyness, and, as it seemed to him, animosity towards him. Hetold her what he had already said to the doctor, i.e., that hewas going to Petersburg, and he handed her the envelope with thephotograph which he had brought from Panovo. + +"I found this in Panovo--it's an old photo; perhaps you would likeit. Take it." + +Lifting her dark eyebrows, she looked at him with surprise in hersquinting eyes, as if asking, "What is this for?" took the photosilently and put it in the bib of her apron + +"I saw your aunt there," said Nekhludoff. + +"Did you?" she said, indifferently. + +"Are you all right here?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"Oh, yes, it's all right," she said. + +"Not too difficult?" + +"Oh, no. But I am not used to it yet." + +"I am glad, for your sake. Anyhow, it is better than there." + +"Than where--there?" she asked, her face flushing again. + +"There--in the prison," Nekhludoff hurriedly answered. + +"Why better?" she asked. + +"I think the people are better. Here are none such as there mustbe there." + +"There are many good ones there," she said. + +"I have been seeing about the Menshoffs, and hope they will beliberated," said Nekhludoff. + +"God grant they may. Such a splendid old woman," she said, againrepeating her opinion of the old woman, and slightly smiling. + +"I am going to Petersburg to-day. Your case will come on soon,and I hope the sentence will be repealed." + +"Whether it is repealed or not won't matter now," she said. + +"Why not now?" + +"So," she said, looking with a quick, questioning glance into hiseyes. + +Nekhludoff understood the word and the look to mean that shewished to know whether he still kept firm to his decision or hadaccepted her refusal. + +"I do not know why it does not matter to you," he said. "Itcertainly does not matter as far as I am concerned whether youare acquitted or not. I am ready to do what I told you in anycase," he said decidedly. + +She lifted her head and her black squinting eyes remained fixedon him and beyond him, and her face beamed with joy. But thewords she spoke were very different from what her eyes said. + +"You should not speak like that," she said. + +"I am saying it so that you should know." + +"Everything has been said about that, and there is no usespeaking," she said, with difficulty repressing a smile. + +A sudden noise came from the hospital ward, and the sound of achild crying. + +"I think they are calling me," she said, and looked rounduneasily. + +"Well, good-bye, then," he said. She pretended not to see hisextended hand, and, without taking it, turned away and hastilywalked along the strip of carpet, trying to hide the triumph shefelt. + +"What is going on in her? What is she thinking? What does shefeel? Does she mean to prove me, or can she really not forgiveme? Is it that she cannot or that she will not express what shefeels and thinks? Has she softened or hardened?" he askedhimself, and could find no answer. He only knew that she hadaltered and that an important change was going on in her soul,and this change united him not only to her but also to Him forwhose sake that change was being wrought. And this union broughton a state of joyful animation and tenderness. + +When she returned to the ward, in which there stood eight smallbeds, Maslova began, in obedience to the nurse's order, toarrange one of the beds; and, bending over too far with thesheet, she slipped and nearly fell down. + +A little convalescent boy with a bandaged neck, who was lookingat her, laughed. Maslova could no longer contain herself andburst into loud laughter, and such contagious laughter thatseveral of the children also burst out laughing, and one of thesisters rebuked her angrily. + +"What are you giggling at? Do you think you are where you used tobe? Go and fetch the food." Maslova obeyed and went where she wassent; but, catching the eye of the bandaged boy who was notallowed to laugh, she again burst out laughing. + +Whenever she was alone Maslova again and again pulled thephotograph partly out of the envelope and looked at itadmiringly; but only in the evening when she was off duty andalone in the bedroom which she shared with a nurse, did she takeit quite out of the envelope and gaze long at the faded yellowphotograph, caressing with, her eyes every detail of faces andclothing, the steps of the veranda, and the bushes which servedas a background to his and hers and his aunts' faces, and couldnot cease from admiring especially herself--her pretty young facewith the curly hair round the forehead. She was so absorbed thatshe did not hear her fellow-nurse come into the room. + +"What is it that he's given you?" said the good-natured, fatnurse, stooping over the photograph. + +"Who's this? You?" + +"Who else?" said Maslova, looking into her companion's face witha smile. + +"And who's this?" + +"Himself." + +"And is this his mother?" + +"No, his aunt. Would you not have known me?" + +"Never. The whole face is altered. Why, it must be 10 years sincethen." + +"Not years, but a lifetime," said Maslova. And suddenly heranimation went, her face grew gloomy, and a deep line appearedbetween her brows. + +"Why so? Your way of life must have been an easy one." + +"Easy, indeed," Maslova reiterated, closing her eyes and shakingher head. "It is hell." + +"Why, what makes it so?" + +"What makes it so! From eight till four in the morning, and everynight the same!" + +"Then why don't they give it up?" + +"They can't give it up if they want to. But what's the use oftalking?" Maslova said, jumping up and throwing the photographinto the drawer of the table. And with difficulty repressingangry tears, she ran out into the passage and slammed the door. + +While looking at the group she imagined herself such as she wasthere and dreamt of her happiness then and of the possibility ofhappiness with him now. But her companion's words reminded her ofwhat she was now and what she had been, and brought back all thehorrors of that life, which she had felt but dimly, and notallowed herself to realise. + +It was only now that the memory of all those terrible nights camevividly back to her, especially one during the carnival when shewas expecting a student who had promised to buy her out. Sheremembered how she--wearing her low necked silk dress stainedwith wine, a red bow in her untidy hair, wearied, weak, halftipsy, having seen her visitors off, sat down during an intervalin the dancing by the piano beside the bony pianiste with theblotchy face, who played the accompaniments to the violin, andbegan complaining of her hard fate; and how this pianiste saidthat she, too, was feeling how heavy her position was and wouldlike to change it; and how Clara suddenly came up to them; andhow they all three decided to change their life. They thoughtthat the night was over, and were about to go away, when suddenlythe noise of tipsy voices was herd in the ante-room. Theviolinist played a tune and the pianiste began hammering thefirst figure of a quadrille on the piano, to the tune of a mostmerry Russian song. A small, perspiring man, smelling of spirits,with a white tie and swallow-tail coat, which he took off afterthe first figure, came up to her, hiccoughing, and caught her up,while another fat man, with a beard, and also wearing adress-coat (they had come straight from a ball) caught Clara up,and for a long time they turned, danced, screamed, drank. . . .And so it went on for another year, and another, and a third. Howcould she help changing? And he was the cause of it all. And,suddenly, all her former bitterness against him reawoke; shewished to scold, to reproach him. She regretted having neglectedthe opportunity of repeating to him once more that she knew him,and would not give in to him--would not let him make use of herspiritually as he had done physically. + +And she longed for drink in order to stifle the feeling of pityto herself and the useless feeling of reproach to him. And shewould have broken her word if she had been inside the prison.Here she could not get any spirits except by applying to themedical assistant, and she was afraid of him because he made upto her, and intimate relations with men were disgusting to hernow. After sitting a while on a form in the passage she returnedto her little room, and without paying any heed to hercompanion's words, she wept for a long time over her wreckedlife. + +CHAPTER XIV. + +AN ARISTOCRATIC CIRCLE. + +Nekhludoff had four matters to attend to in Petersburg. The firstwas the appeal to the Senate in Maslova's case; the second, tohand in Theodosia Birukoff's petition to the committee; thethird, to comply with Vera Doukhova's requests--i.e., try to gether friend Shoustova released from prison, and get permission fora mother to visit her son in prison. Vera Doukhova had written tohim about this, and he was going to the Gendarmerie Office toattend to these two matters, which he counted as one. + +The fourth matter he meant to attend to was the case of somesectarians who had been separated from their families and exiledto the Caucasus because they read and discussed the Gospels. Itwas not so much to them as to himself he had promised to do allhe could to clear up this affair. + +Since his last visit to Maslennikoff, and especially since he hadbeen in the country, Nekhludoff had not exactly formed aresolution but felt with his whole nature a loathing for thatsociety in which he had lived till then, that society which socarefully hides the sufferings of millions in order to assureease and pleasure to a small number of people, that the peoplebelonging to this society do not and cannot see these sufferings,nor the cruelty and wickedness of their life. Nekhludoff could nolonger move in this society without feeling ill at ease andreproaching himself. And yet all the ties of relationship andfriendship, and his own habits, were drawing him back into thissociety. Besides, that which alone interested him now, his desireto help Maslova and the other sufferers, made it necessary to askfor help and service from persons belonging to that society,persons whom he not only could not respect, but who often arousedin him indignation and a feeling of contempt. + +When he came to Petersburg and stopped at his aunt's--hismother's sister, the Countess Tcharsky, wife of a formerminister--Nekhludoff at once found himself in the very midst ofthat aristocratic circle which had grown so foreign to him. Thiswas very unpleasant, but there was no possibility of getting outof it. To put up at an hotel instead of at his aunt's house wouldhave been to offend his aunt, and, besides, his aunt hadimportant connections and might be extremely useful in all thesematters he meant to attend to. + +"What is this I hear about you? All sorts of marvels," said theCountess Katerina Ivanovna Tcharsky, as she gave him his coffeeimmediately after his arrival. "Vous posez pour un Howard.Helping criminals, going the round of prisons, setting thingsright." + +"Oh, no. I never thought of it." + +"Why not? It is a good thing, only there seems to be someromantic story connected with it. Let us hear all about it." + +Nekhludoff told her the whole truth about his relations toMaslova. + +"Yes, yes, I remember your poor mother telling me about it. Thatwas when you were staying with those old women. I believe theywished to marry you to their ward (the Countess Katerina Ivanovnahad always despised Nekhludoff's aunts on his father's side). Soit's she. Elle est encore jolie?" + +Katerina Ivanovna was a strong, bright, energetic, talkativewoman of 60. She was tall and very stout, and had a decided blackmoustache on her lip. Nekhludoff was fond of her and had even asa child been infected by her energy and mirth. + +"No, ma tante, that's at an end. I only wish to help her, becauseshe is innocently accused. "I am the cause of it and the cause ofher fate being what it is. I feel it my duty to do all I can forher." + +"But what is this I have heard about your intention of marryingher?" + +"Yes, it was my intention, but she does not wish it." + +Katerina Ivanovna looked at her nephew with raised brows anddrooping eyeballs, in silent amazement. Suddenly her facechanged, and with a look of pleasure she said: "Well, she iswiser than you. Dear me, you are a fool. And you would havemarried her? + +"Most certainly." + +"After her having been what she was?" + +"All the more, since I was the cause of it." + +"Well, you are a simpleton," said his aunt, repressing a smile,"a terrible simpleton; but it is just because you are such aterrible simpleton that I love you." She repeated the word,evidently liking it, as it seemed to correctly convey to her mindthe idea of her nephew's moral state. "Do you know--What a luckychance. Aline has a wonderful home--the Magdalene Home. I wentthere once. They are terribly disgusting. After that I had topray continually. But Aline is devoted to it, body and soul, sowe shall place her there--yours, I mean." + +"But she is condemned to Siberia. I have come on purpose toappeal about it. This is one of my requests to you." + +"Dear me, and where do you appeal to in this case?" + +"To the Senate." + +"Ah, the Senate! Yes, my dear Cousin Leo is in the Senate, but heis in the heraldry department, and I don't know any of the realones. They are all some kind of Germans--Gay, Fay, Day--toutl'alphabet, or else all sorts of Ivanoffs, Simenoffs, Nikitines,or else Ivanenkos, Simonenkos, Nikitenkos, pour varier. Des gensde l'autre monde. Well, it is all the same. I'll tell my husband,he knows them. He knows all sorts of people. I'll tell him, butyou will have to explain, he never understands me. Whatever I maysay, he always maintains he does not understand it. C'est unparti pris, every one understands but only not he." + +At this moment a footman with stockinged legs came in with a noteon a silver platter. + +"There now, from Aline herself. You'll have a chance of hearingKiesewetter." + +"Who is Kiesewetter?" + +"Kiesewetter? Come this evening, and you will find out who he is.He speaks in such a way that the most hardened criminals sink ontheir knees and weep and repent." + +The Countess Katerina Ivanovna, however strange it may seem, andhowever little it seemed in keeping with the rest of hercharacter, was a staunch adherent to that teaching which holdsthat the essence of Christianity lies in the belief inredemption. She went to meetings where this teaching, then infashion, was being preached, and assembled the "faithful" in herown house. Though this teaching repudiated all ceremonies, icons,and sacraments, Katerina Ivanovna had icons in every room, andone on the wall above her bed, and she kept all that the Churchprescribed without noticing any contradiction in that. + +"There now; if your Magdalene could hear him she would beconverted," said the Countess. "Do stay at home to-night; youwill hear him. He is a wonderful man." + +"It does not interest me, ma tante." + +"But I tell you that it is interesting, and you must come home.Now you may go. What else do you want of me? Videz votre sac." + +"The next is in the fortress." + +"In the fortress? I can give you a note for that to the BaronKriegsmuth. Cest un tres brave homme. Oh, but you know him; hewas a comrade of your father's. Il donne dans le spiritisme. Butthat does not matter, he is a good fellow. What do you wantthere?" + +"I want to get leave for a mother to visit her son who isimprisoned there. But I was told that this did not depend onKriegsmuth but on Tcherviansky." + +"I do not like Tcherviansky, but he is Mariette's husband; wemight ask her. She will do it for me. Elle est tres gentille." + +"I have also to petition for a woman who is imprisoned therewithout knowing what for." + +"No fear; she knows well enough. They all know it very well, andit serves them right, those short-haired [many advanced women weartheir hair short, like men] ones." + +"We do not know whether it serves them right or not. But theysuffer. You are a Christian and believe in the Gospel teachingand yet you are so pitiless." + +"That has nothing to do with it. The Gospels are the Gospels, butwhat is disgusting remains disgusting. It would be worse if Ipretended to love Nihilists, especially short-haired womenNihilists, when I cannot bear them." + +"Why can you not bear them?" + +"You ask why, after the 1st of March?" [The Emperor Alexander IIwas killed on the first of March, old style.] + +"They did not all take part in it on the 1st of March." + +"Never mind; they should not meddle with what is no business oftheirs. It's not women's business." + +"Yet you consider that Mariette may take part in business." + +"Mariette? Mariette is Mariette, and these are goodness knowswhat. Want to teach everybody." + +"Not to teach but simply to help the people." + +"One knows whom to help and whom not to help without them." + +"But the peasants are in great need. I have just returned fromthe country. Is it necessary, that the peasants should work tothe very limits of their strength and never have sufficient toeat while we are living in the greatest luxury?" said Nekhludoff,involuntarily led on by his aunt's good nature into telling herwhat he was in his thoughts. + +"What do you want, then? That I should work and not eatanything?" + +"No, I do not wish you not to eat. I only wish that we should allwork and all eat." He could not help smiling as he said it. + +Again raising her brow and drooping her eyeballs his aunt look athim curiously. "Mon cher vous finirez mal," she said. + +Just then the general, and former minister, Countess Tcharsky'shusband, a tall, broad-shouldered man, came into the room. + +"Ah, Dmitri, how d'you do?" he said, turning his freshly-shavedcheek to Nekhludoff to be kissed. "When did you get here?" And hesilently kissed his wife on the forehead. + +"Non il est impayable," the Countess said, turning to herhusband. "He wants me to go and wash clothes and live onpotatoes. He is an awful fool, but all the same do what he isgoing to ask of you. A terrible simpleton," she added. "Have youheard? Kamenskaya is in such despair that they fear for herlife," she said to her husband. "You should go and call there." + +"Yes; it is dreadful," said her husband. + +"Go along, then, and talk to him. I must write some letters." + +Hardly had Nekhludoff stepped into the room next the drawing-roomthan she called him back. + +"Shall I write to Mariette, then?" + +"Please, ma tante." + +"I shall leave a blank for what you want to say about theshort-haired one, and she will give her husband his orders, andhe'll do it. Do not think me wicked; they are all so disgusting,your prologues, but je ne leur veux pas de mal, bother them.Well, go, but be sure to stay at home this evening to hearKiesewetter, and we shall have some prayers. And if only you donot resist cela vous fera beaucoup de bien. I know your poormother and all of you were always very backward in these things." + +CHAPTER XV. + +AN AVERAGE STATESMAN. + +Count Ivan Michaelovitch had been a minister, and was a man ofstrong convictions. The convictions of Count Ivan Michaelovitchconsisted in the belief that, just as it was natural for a birdto feed on worms, to be clothed in feathers and down, and to flyin the air, so it was natural for him to feed on the choicest andmost expensive food, prepared by highly-paid cooks, to wear themost comfortable and most expensive clothing, to drive with thebest and fastest horses, and that, therefore, all these thingsshould be ready found for him. Besides this, Count IvanMichaelovitch considered that the more money he could get out ofthe treasury by all sorts of means, the more orders he had,including different diamond insignia of something or other, andthe oftener he spoke to highly-placed individuals of both sexes,so much the better it was. + +All the rest Count Ivan Michaelovitch considered insignificantand uninteresting beside these dogmas. All the rest might be asit was, or just the reverse. Count Ivan Michaelovitch lived andacted according to these lights for 40 years, and at the end of40 years reached the position of a Minister of State. The chiefqualities that enabled Count Ivan Michaelovitch to reach thisposition were his capacity of understanding the meaning ofdocuments and laws and of drawing up, though clumsily,intelligible State papers, and of spelling them correctly;secondly, his very stately appearance, which enabled him, whennecessary, to seem not only extremely proud, but unapproachableand majestic, while at other times he could be abjectly andalmost passionately servile; thirdly, the absence of any generalprinciples or rules, either of personal or administrativemorality, which made it possible for him either to agree ordisagree with anybody according to what was wanted at the time.When acting thus his only endeavour was to sustain the appearanceof good breeding and not to seem too plainly inconsistent. As forhis actions being moral or not, in themselves, or whether theywere going to result in the highest welfare or greatest evil forthe whole of the Russian Empire, or even the entire world, thatwas quite indifferent to him. When he became minister, not onlythose dependent on him (and there were great many of them) andpeople connected with him, but many strangers and even he himselfwere convinced that he was a very clever statesman. But aftersome time had elapsed and he had done nothing and had nothing toshow, and when in accordance with the law of the struggle forexistence others, like himself, who had learnt to write andunderstand documents, stately and unprincipled officials, haddisplaced him, he turned out to be not only far from clever butvery limited and badly educated. Though self-assured, his viewshardly reaching the level of those in the leading articles of theConservative papers, it became apparent that there was nothing inhim to distinguish him from those other badly-educated andself-assured officials who had pushed him out, and he himself sawit. But this did not shake his conviction that he had to receivea great deal of money out of the Treasury every year, and newdecorations for his dress clothes. This conviction was so firmthat no one had the pluck to refuse these things to him, and hereceived yearly, partly in form of a pension, partly as a salaryfor being a member in a Government institution and chairman ofall sorts of committees and councils, several tens of thousandsof roubles, besides the right--highly prized by him--of sewingall sorts of new cords to his shoulders and trousers, and ribbonsto wear under and enamel stars to fix on to his dress coat. Inconsequence of this Count Ivan Michaelovitch had very highconnections. + +Count Ivan Michaelovitch listened to Nekhludoff as he was wont tolisten to the reports of the permanent secretary of hisdepartment, and, having heard him, said he would give him twonotes, one to the Senator Wolff, of the Appeal Department. "Allsorts of things are reported of him, but dans tous les cas c'estun homme tres comme ii faut," he said. "He is indebted to me, andwill do all that is possible." The other note Count IvanMichaelovitch gave Nekhludoff was to an influential member of thePetition Committee. The story of Theodosia Birukoff as told byNekhludoff interested him very much. When Nekhludoff said that hethought of writing to the Empress, the Count replied that itcertainly was a very touching story, and might, if occasionpresented itself, be told her, but he could not promise. Let thepetition be handed in in due form. + +Should there be an opportunity, and if a petit comite were calledon Thursday, he thought he would tell her the story. As soon asNekhludoff had received these two notes, and a note to Mariettefrom his aunt, he at once set off to these different places. + +First he went to Mariette's. He had known her as a half-growngirl, the daughter of an aristocratic but not wealthy family, andhad heard how she had married a man who was making a career, whomNekhludoff had heard badly spoken of; and, as usual, he felt ithard to ask a favour of a man he did not esteem. In these caseshe always felt an inner dissension and dissatisfaction, andwavered whether to ask the favour or not, and always resolved toask. Besides feeling himself in a false position among those towhose set he no longer regarded himself as belonging, who yetregarded him as belonging to them, he felt himself getting intothe old accustomed rut, and in spite of himself fell into thethoughtless and immoral tone that reigned in that circle. He feltthat from the first, with his aunt, he involuntarily fell into abantering tone while talking about serious matters. + +Petersburg in general affected him with its usual physicallyinvigorating and mentally dulling effect. + +Everything so clean, so comfortably well-arranged and the peopleso lenient in moral matters, that life seemed very easy. + +A fine, clean, and polite isvostchik drove him past fine, clean,polite policemen, along the fine, clean, watered streets, pastfine, clean houses to the house in which Mariette lived. At thefront door stood a pair of English horses, with English harness,and an English-looking coachman on the box, with the lower partof his face shaved, proudly holding a whip. The doorkeeper,dressed in a wonderfully clean livery, opened the door into thehall, where in still cleaner livery with gold cords stood thefootman with his splendid whiskers well combed out, and theorderly on duty in a brand-new uniform. "The general does notreceive, and the generaless does not receive either. She is justgoing to drive out." + +Nekhludoff took out Katerina Ivanovna's letter, and going up to atable on which lay a visitors' book, began to write that he wassorry not to have been able to see any one; when the footman wentup the staircase the doorkeeper went out and shouted to thecoachman, and the orderly stood up rigid with his arms at hissides following with his eyes a little, slight lady, who wascoming down the stairs with rapid steps not in keeping with allthe grandeur. + +Mariette had a large hat on, with feathers, a black dress andcape, and new black gloves. Her face was covered by a veil. + +When she saw Nekhludoff she lifted the veil off a very prettyface with bright eyes that looked inquiringly at him. + +"Ah, Prince Dmitri Ivanovitch Nekhludoff," she said, with a soft,pleasant voice. "I should have known--" + +"What! you even remember my name?" + +"I should think so. Why, I and my sisters have even been in lovewith you," she said, in French. "But, dear me, how you havealtered. Oh, what a pity I have to go out. But let us go upagain," she said and stopped hesitatingly. Then she looked at theclock. "No, I can't. I am going to Kamenskaya's to attend a massfor the dead. She is terribly afflicted." + +"Who is this Kamenskaya?" + +"Have you not heard? Her son was killed in a duel. He foughtPosen. He was the only son. Terrible I The mother is very muchafflicted." + +"Yes. I have heard of it." + +"No, I had better go, and you must come again, to-night orto-morrow," she said, and went to the door with quick, lightsteps. + +"I cannot come to-night," he said, going out after her; "but Ihave a request to make you," and he looked at the pair of baysthat were drawing up to the front door. + +"What is this?" + +"This is a letter from aunt to you," said Nekhludoff, handing hera narrow envelope, with a large crest. "You'll find all about itin there." + +"I know Countess Katerina Ivanovna thinks I have some influencewith my husband in business matters. She is mistaken. I can donothing and do not like to interfere. But, of course, for you Iam willing to be false to my principle. What is this businessabout?" she said, searching in vain for her pocket with herlittle black gloved hand. + +"There is a girl imprisoned in the fortress, and she is ill andinnocent." + +"What is her name?" + +"Lydia Shoustova. It's in the note." + +"All right; I'll see what I can do," she said, and lightly jumpedinto her little, softly upholstered, open carriage, itsbrightly-varnished splash-guards glistening in the sunshine, andopened her parasol. The footman got on the box and gave thecoachman a sign. The carriage moved, but at that moment shetouched the coachman with her parasol and the slim-leggedbeauties, the bay mares, stopped, bending their beautiful necksand stepping from foot to foot. + +"But you must come, only, please, without interested motives,"and she looked at him with a smile, the force of which she wellknew, and, as if the performance over and she were drawing thecurtain, she dropped the veil over her face again. "All right,"and she again touched the coachman. + +Nekhludoff raised his hat, and the well-bred bays, slightlysnorting, set off, their shoes clattering on the pavement, andthe carriage rolled quickly and smoothly on its new rubber tyres,giving a jump only now and then over some unevenness of the road. + +CHAPTER XVI. + +AN UP-TO-DATE SENATOR. + +When Nekhludoff remembered the smiles that had passed between himand Mariette, he shook his head. + +"You have hardly time to turn round before you are again drawninto this life," he thought, feeling that discord and thosedoubts which the necessity to curry favour from people he did notesteem caused. + +After considering where to go first, so as not to have to retracehis steps, Nekhludoff set off for the Senate. There he was showninto the office where he found a great many very polite and veryclean officials in the midst of a magnificent apartment.Maslova's petition was received and handed on to that Wolf, towhom Nekhludoff had a letter from his uncle, to be examined andreported on. + +"There will be a meeting of the Senate this week," the officialsaid to Nekhludoff, "but Maslova's case will hardly come beforethat meeting." + +"It might come before the meeting on Wednesday, by specialrequest," one of the officials remarked. + +During the time Nekhludoff waited in the office, while someinformation was being taken, he heard that the conversation inthe Senate was all about the duel, and he heard a detailedaccount of how a young man, Kaminski, had been killed. It washere he first heard all the facts of the case which was excitingthe interest of all Petersburg. The story was this: Some officerswere eating oysters and, as usual, drinking very much, when oneof them said something ill-natured about the regiment to whichKaminski belonged, and Kaminski called him a liar. The other hitKaminski. The next day they fought. Kaminski was wounded in thestomach and died two hours later. The murderer and the secondswere arrested, but it was said that though they were arrested andin the guardhouse they would be set free in a fortnight. + +From the Senate Nekhludoff drove to see an influential member ofthe petition Committee, Baron Vorobioff, who lived in a splendidhouse belonging to the Crown. The doorkeeper told Nekhludoff in asevere tone that the Baron could not be seen except on hisreception days; that he was with His Majesty the Emperor to-day,and the next day he would again have to deliver a report.Nekhludoff left his uncle's letter with the doorkeeper and wenton to see the Senator Wolf. Wolf had just had his lunch, and wasas usual helping digestion by smoking a cigar and pacing up anddown the room, when Nekhludoff came in. Vladimir VasilievitchWolf was certainly un homme tres comme il faut, and prized thisquality very highly, and from that elevation he looked down ateverybody else. He could not but esteem this quality of his veryhighly, because it was thanks to it alone that he had made abrilliant career, the very career he desired, i.e., by marriagehe obtained a fortune which brought him in 18,000 roubles a year,and by his own exertions the post of a senator. He consideredhimself not only un homme tres comme il faut, but also a man ofknightly honour. By honour he understood not accepting secretbribes from private persons. But he did not consider it dishonestto beg money for payment of fares and all sorts of travellingexpenses from the Crown, and to do anything the Government mightrequire of him in return. To ruin hundreds of innocent people, tocause them to be imprisoned, to be exiled because of their lovefor their people and the religion of their fathers, as he haddone in one of the governments of Poland when he was governorthere. He did not consider it dishonourable, but even thought ita noble, manly and patriotic action. Nor did he consider itdishonest to rob his wife and sister-in-law, as he had done, butthought it a wise way of arranging his family life. His familyconsisted of his commonplace wife, his sister-in-law, whosefortune he had appropriated by selling her estate and putting themoney to his account, and his meek, frightened, plain daughter,who lived a lonely, weary life, from which she had lately begunto look for relaxation in evangelicism, attending meetings atAline's, and the Countess Katerina Ivanovna. Wolf's son, who hadgrown a beard at the age of 15, and had at that age begun todrink and lead a depraved life, which he continued to do till theage of 20, when he was turned out by his father because he neverfinished his studies, moved in a low set and made debts whichcommitted the father. The father had once paid a debt of 250roubles for his son, then another of 600 roubles, but warned theson that he did it for the last time, and that if the son did notreform he would be turned out of the house and all furtherintercourse between him and his family would he put a stop to.The son did not reform, but made a debt of a thousand roubles,and took the liberty of telling his father that life at home wasa torment anyhow. Then Wolf declared to his son that he might gowhere he pleased--that he was no son of his any longer. Sincethen Wolf pretended he had no son, and no one at home dared speakto him about his son, and Vladimir Vasilievitch Wolf was firmlyconvinced that he had arranged his family life in the best way.Wolf stopped pacing up and down his study, and greeted Nekhludoffwith a friendly though slightly ironical smile. This was his wayof showing how comme il faut he was, and how superior to themajority of men. He read the note which Nekhludoff handed to him. + +"Please take a seat, and excuse me if I continue to walk up anddown, with your permission," he said, putting his hands into hiscoat pockets, and began again to walk with light, soft stepsacross his large, quietly and stylishly furnished study. "Verypleased to make your acquaintance and of course very glad to doanything that Count Ivan Michaelovitch wishes," he said, blowingthe fragrant blue smoke out of his mouth and removing his cigarcarefully so as not to drop the ash. + +"I should only like to ask that the case might come on soon, sothat if the prisoner has to go to Siberia she might set offearly," said Nekhludoff. + +"Yes, yes, with one of the first steamers from Nijni. I know,"said Wolf, with his patronising smile, always knowing in advancewhatever one wanted to tell him. + +"What is the prisoner's name?" + +"Maslova." + +Wolf went up to the table and looked at a paper that lay on apiece of cardboard among other business papers. + +"Yes, yes. Maslova. All right, I will ask the others. We shallhear the case on Wednesday." + +"Then may I telegraph to the advocate?" + +"The advocate! What's that for? But if you like, why not?" + +"The causes for appeal may be insufficient," said Nekhludoff,"but I think the case will show that the sentence was passedowing to a misunderstanding." + +"Yes, yes; it may be so, but the Senate cannot decide the case onits merits," said Wolf, looking seriously at the ash of hiscigar. "The Senate only considers the exactness of theapplication of the laws and their right interpretation." + +"But this seems to me to be an exceptional case." + +"I know, I know! All cases are exceptional. We shall do our duty.That's all." The ash was still holding on, but had beganbreaking, and was in danger of falling. + +"Do you often come to Petersburg?" said Wolf, holding his cigarso that the ash should not fall. But the ash began to shake, andWolf carefully carried it to the ashpan, into which it fell. + +"What a terrible thing this is with regard to Kaminski," he said."A splendid young man. The only son. Especially the mother'sposition," he went on, repeating almost word for word what everyone in Petersburg was at that time saying about Kaminski. Wolfspoke a little about the Countess Katerina Ivanovna and herenthusiasm for the new religious teaching, which he neitherapproved nor disapproved of, but which was evidently needless tohim who was so comme il faut, and then rang the bell. + +Nekhludoff bowed. + +"If it is convenient, come and dine on Wednesday, and I will giveyou a decisive answer," said Wolf, extending his hand. + +It was late, and Nekhludoff returned to his aunt's. + +CHAPTER XVII. + +COUNTESS KATERINA IVANOVNA'S DINNER PARTY. + +Countess Katerina Ivanovna's dinner hour was half-past seven, andthe dinner was served in a new manner that Nekhludoff had not yetseen anywhere. After they had placed the dishes on the table thewaiters left the room and the diners helped themselves. The menwould not let the ladies take the trouble of moving, and, asbefitted the stronger sex, they manfully took on themselves theburden of putting the food on the ladies' plates and of fillingtheir glasses. When one course was finished, the Countess pressedthe button of an electric bell fitted to the table and thewaiters stepped in noiselessly and quickly carried away thedishes, changed the plates, and brought in the next course. Thedinner was very refined, the wines very costly. A French chef wasworking in the large, light kitchens, with two white-cladassistants. There were six persons at dinner, the Count andCountess, their son (a surly officer in the Guards who sat withhis elbows on the table), Nekhludoff, a French lady reader, andthe Count's chief steward, who had come up from the country.Here, too, the conversation was about the duel, and opinions weregiven as to how the Emperor regarded the case. It was known thatthe Emperor was very much grieved for the mother's sake, and allwere grieved for her, and as it was also known that the Emperordid not mean to be very severe to the murderer, who defended thehonour of his uniform, all were also lenient to the officer whohad defended the honour of his uniform. Only the CountessKaterina Ivanovna, with her free thoughtlessness, expresses herdisapproval. + +"They get drunk, and kill unobjectionable young men. I should notforgive them on any account," she said. + +"Now, that's a thing I cannot understand," said the Count. + +"I know that you never can understand what I say," the Countessbegan, and turning to Nekhludoff, she added: + +"Everybody understands except my husband. I say I am sorry forthe mother, and I do not wish him to be contented, having killeda man." Then her son, who had been silent up to then, took themurderer's part, and rudely attacked his mother, arguing that anofficer could not behave in any other way, because hisfellow-officers would condemn him and turn him out of theregiment. Nekhludoff listened to the conversation without joiningin. Having been an officer himself, he understood, though he didnot agree with, young Tcharsky's arguments, and at the same timehe could not help contrasting the fate of the officer with thatof a beautiful young convict whom he had seen in the prison, andwho was condemned to the mines for having killed another in afight. Both had turned murderers through drunkenness. The peasanthad killed a man in a moment of irritation, and he was partedfrom his wife and family, had chains on his legs, and his headshaved, and was going to hard labour in Siberia, while theofficer was sitting in a fine room in the guardhouse, eating agood dinner, drinking good wine, and reading books, and would beset free in a day or two to live as he had done before, havingonly become more interesting by the affair. Nekhludoff said whathe had been thinking, and at first his aunt, Katerina Ivanovna,seemed to agree with him, but at last she became silent as therest had done, and Nekhludoff felt that he had committedsomething akin to an impropriety. In the evening, soon afterdinner, the large hall, with high-backed carved chairs arrangedin rows as for a meeting, and an armchair next to a little table,with a bottle of water for the speaker, began to fill with peoplecome to hear the foreigner, Kiesewetter, preach. Elegantequipages stopped at the front entrance. In the hall satrichly-dressed ladies in silks and velvets and lace, with falsehair and false busts and drawn-in waists, and among them men inuniform and evening dress, and about five persons of the commonclass, i.e., two men-servants, a shop-keeper, a footman, and acoachman. Kiesewetter, a thick-set, grisly man, spoke English,and a thin young girl, with a pince-nez, translated it intoRussian promptly and well. He was saying that our sins were sogreat, the punishment for them so great and so unavoidable, thatit was impossible to live anticipating such punishment. "Belovedbrothers and sisters, let us for a moment consider what we aredoing, how we are living, how we have offended against theall-loving Lord, and how we make Christ suffer, and we cannot butunderstand that there is no forgiveness possible for us, noescape possible, that we are all doomed to perish. A terriblefate awaits us---everlasting torment," he said, with tears in histrembling voice. "Oh, how can we be saved, brothers? How can webe saved from this terrible, unquenchable fire? The house is inflames; there is no escape." + +He was silent for a while, and real tears flowed down his cheeks.It was for about eight years that each time when he got to thispart of his speech, which he himself liked so well, he felt achoking in his throat and an irritation in his nose, and thetears came in his eyes, and these tears touched him still more.Sobs were heard in the room. The Countess Katerina Ivanovna satwith her elbows on an inlaid table, leaning her head on herhands, and her shoulders were shaking. The coachman looked withfear and surprise at the foreigner, feeling as if he was about torun him down with the pole of his carriage and the foreignerwould not move out of his way. All sat in positions similar tothat Katerina Ivanovna had assumed. Wolf's daughter, a thin,fashionably-dressed girl, very like her father, knelt with herface in her hands. + +The orator suddenly uncovered his face, and smiled a veryreal-looking smile, such as actors express joy with, and beganagain with a sweet, gentle voice: + +"Yet there is a way to be saved. Here it is--a joyful, easy way.The salvation is the blood shed for us by the only son of God,who gave himself up to torments for our sake. His sufferings, Hisblood, will save us. Brothers and sisters," he said, again withtears in his voice, "let us praise the Lord, who has given Hisonly begotten son for the redemption of mankind. His holy blood. . ." + +Nekhludoff felt so deeply disgusted that he rose silently, andfrowning and keeping back a groan of shame, he left on tiptoe,and went to his room. + +CHAPTER XVIII. + +OFFICIALDOM. + +Hardly had Nekhludoff finished dressing the next morning, just ashe was about to go down, the footman brought him a card from theMoscow advocate. The advocate had come to St. Petersburg onbusiness of his own, and was going to be present when Maslova'scase was examined in the Senate, if that would be soon. Thetelegram sent by Nekhludoff crossed him on the way. Having foundout from Nekhludoff when the case was going to be heard, andwhich senators were to be present, he smiled. "Exactly, all thethree types of senators," he said. "Wolf is a Petersburgofficial; Skovorodnikoff is a theoretical, and Bay a practicallawyer, and therefore the most alive of them all," said theadvocate. "There is most hope of him. Well, and how about thePetition Committee?" + +"Oh, I'm going to Baron Vorobioff to-day. I could not get anaudience with him yesterday. + +"Do you know why he is BARON Vorobioff?" said the advocate,noticing the slightly ironical stress that Nekhludoff put on thisforeign title, followed by so very Russian a surname. + +"That was because the Emperor Paul rewarded the grandfather--Ithink he was one of the Court footmen--by giving him this title.He managed to please him in some way, so he made him a baron.'It's my wish, so don't gainsay me!' And so there's a BARONVorobioff, and very proud of the title. He is a dreadful oldhumbug." + +Well, I'm going to see him," said Nekhludoff. + +"That's good; we can go together. I shall give you a lift." + +As they were going to start, a footman met Nekhludoff in theante-room, and handed him a note from Mariette: + +Pour vous faire plaisir, f'ai agi tout a fait contre mesprincipes et j'ai intercede aupres de mon mari pour votreprotegee. II se trouve que cette personne pout etre relaxeeimmediatement. Mon mari a ecrit au commandant. Venez doncdisinterestedly. Je vous attends. + +M. + +"Just fancy!" said Nekhludoff to the advocate. "Is this notdreadful? A woman whom they are keeping in solitary confinementfor seven months turns out to be quite innocent, and only a wordwas needed to get her released." + +"That's always so. Well, anyhow, you have succeeded in gettingwhat you wanted." + +"Yes, but this success grieves me. Just think what must be goingon there. Why have they been keeping her?" + +"Oh, it's best not to look too deeply into it. Well, then, Ishall give you a lift, if I may," said the advocate, as they leftthe house, and a fine carriage that the advocate had hired droveup to the door. "It's Baron Vorobioff you are going to see?" + +The advocate gave the driver his directions, and the two goodhorses quickly brought Nekhludoff to the house in which the Baronlived. The Baron was at home. A young official in uniform, with along, thin neck, a much protruding Adam's apple, and an extremelylight walk, and two ladies were in the first room. + +"Your name, please?" the young man with the Adam's apple asked,stepping with extreme lightness and grace across from the ladiesto Nekhludoff. + +Nekhludoff gave his name. + +"The Baron was just mentioning you," said the young man, theBaron's adjutant, and went out through an inner door. Hereturned, leading a weeping lady dressed in mourning. With herbony fingers the lady was trying to pull her tangled veil overher face in order to hide her tears. + +"Come in, please," said the young man to Nekhludoff, lightlystepping up to the door of the study and holding it open. WhenNekhludoff came in, he saw before him a thick-set man of mediumheight, with short hair, in a frock coat, who was sitting in anarmchair opposite a large writing-table, and looking gaily infront of himself. The kindly, rosy red face, striking by itscontrast with the white hair, moustaches, and beard, turnedtowards Nekhludoff with a friendly smile. + +"Very glad to see you. Your mother and I were old acquaintancesand friends. I have seen you as a boy, and later on as anofficer. Sit down and tell me what I can do for you. Yes, yes,"he said, shaking his cropped white head, while Nekhludoff wastelling him Theodosia's story. "Go on, go on. I quite understand.It is certainly very touching. And have you handed in thepetition?" + +"I have got the petition ready," Nekhludoff said, getting it outof his pocket; "but I thought of speaking to you first in hopesthat the case would then get special attention paid to it." + +"You have done very well. I shall certainly report it myself,"said the Baron, unsuccessfully trying to put an expression ofpity on his merry face. "Very touching! It is clear she was but achild; the husband treated her roughly, this repelled her, but astime went on they fell in love with each other. Yes I will reportthe case." + +"Count Ivan Michaelovitch was also going to speak about it." + +Nekhludoff had hardly got these words out when the Baron's facechanged. + +"You had better hand in the petition into the office, after all,and I shall do what I can," he said. + +At this moment the young official again entered the room,evidently showing off his elegant manner of walking. + +"That lady is asking if she may say a few words more." + +"Well, ask her in. Ah, mon cher, how many tears we have to seeshed! If only we could dry them all. One does all that lieswithin one's power." + +The lady entered. + +"I forgot to ask you that he should not be allowed to give up thedaughter, because he is ready . . ." + +"But I have already told you that I should do all I can." + +"Baron, for the love of God! You will save the mother?" + +She seized his hand, and began kissing it. + +"Everything shall be done." + +When the lady went out Nekhludoff also began to take leave. + +"We shall do what we can. I shall speak about it at the Ministryof Justice, and when we get their answer we shall do what wecan." + +Nekhludoff left the study, and went into the office again. Justas in the Senate office, he saw, in a splendid apartment, anumber of very elegant officials, clean, polite, severely correctand distinguished in dress and in speech. + +"How many there are of them; how very many and how well fed theyall look! And what clean shirts and hands they all have, and howwell all their boots are polished! Who does it for them? Howcomfortable they all are, as compared not only with theprisoners, but even with the peasants!" These thoughts againinvoluntarily came to Nekhludoff's mind. + +CHAPTER XIX. + +AN OLD GENERAL OF REPUTE. + +The man on whom depended the easing of the fate of the Petersburgprisoners was an old General of repute--a baron of Germandescent, who, as it was said of him, had outlived his wits. Hehad received a profusion of orders, but only wore one of them,the Order of the White Cross. He had received this order, whichhe greatly valued, while serving in the Caucasus, because anumber of Russian peasants, with their hair cropped, and dressedin uniform and armed with guns and bayonets, had killed at hiscommand more than a thousand men who were defending theirliberty, their homes, and their families. Later on he served inPoland, and there also made Russian peasants commit manydifferent crimes, and got more orders and decorations for hisuniform. Then he served somewhere else, and now that he was aweak, old man he had this position, which insured him a goodhouse, an income and respect. He strictly observed all theregulations which were prescribed "from above," and was veryzealous in the fulfilment of these regulations, to which heascribed a special importance, considering that everything elsein the world might be changed except the regulations prescribed"from above." His duty was to keep political prisoners, men andwomen, in solitary confinement in such a way that half of themperished in 10 years' time, some going out of their minds, somedying of consumption, some committing suicide by starvingthemselves to death, cutting their veins with bits of glass,hanging, or burning themselves to death. + +The old General was not ignorant of this; it all happened withinhis knowledge; but these cases no more touched his consciencethan accidents brought on by thunderstorms, floods, etc. Thesecases occurred as a consequence of the fulfilment of regulationsprescribed "from above" by His Imperial Majesty. Theseregulations had to be carried out without fail, and therefore itwas absolutely useless to think of the consequences of theirfulfilment. The old General did not even allow himself to thinkof such things, counting it his patriotic duty as a soldier notto think of them for fear of getting weak in the carrying out ofthese, according to his opinion, very important obligations. Oncea week the old General made the round of the cells, one of theduties of his position, and asked the prisoners if they had anyrequests to make. The prisoners had all sorts of requests. Helistened to them quietly, in impenetrable silence, and neverfulfilled any of their requests, because they were all indisaccord with the regulations. Just as Nekhludoff drove up tothe old General's house, the high notes of the bells on thebelfry clock chimed "Great is the Lord," and then struck two. Thesound of these chimes brought back to Nekhludoff's mind what hehad read in the notes of the Decembrists [the Decembrists were agroup who attempted, but failed, to put an end to absolutism inRussia at the time of the accession of Nicholas the First] aboutthe way this sweet music repeated every hour re-echoes in thehearts of those imprisoned for life. + +Meanwhile the old General was sitting in his darkeneddrawing-room at an inlaid table, turning a saucer on a piece ofpaper with the aid of a young artist, the brother of one of hissubordinates. The thin, weak, moist fingers of the artist werepressed against the wrinkled and stiff-jointed fingers of the oldGeneral, and the hands joined in this manner were moving togetherwith the saucer over a paper that had all the letters of thealphabet written on it. The saucer was answering the questionsput by the General as to how souls will recognise each otherafter death. + +When Nekhludoff sent in his card by an orderly acting as footman,the soul of Joan of Arc was speaking by the aid of the saucer.The soul of Joan of Arc had already spelt letter by letter thewords: "They well knew each other," and these words had beenwritten down. When the orderly came in the saucer had stoppedfirst on b, then on y, and began jerking hither and thither. Thisjerking was caused by the General's opinion that the next lettershould be b, i.e., Joan of Arc ought to say that the souls willknow each other by being cleansed of all that is earthly, orsomething of the kind, clashing with the opinion of the artist,who thought the next letter should be l, i.e., that the soulsshould know each other by light emanating from their astralbodies. The General, with his bushy grey eyebrows gravelycontracted, sat gazing at the hands on the saucer, and, imaginingthat it was moving of its own accord, kept pulling the saucertowards b. The pale-faced young artist, with his thin hair combedback behind his cars, was looking with his lifeless blue eyesinto a dark corner of the drawing-room, nervously moving his lipsand pulling the saucer towards l. + +The General made a wry face at the interruption, but after amoment's pause he took the card, put on his pince-nez, and,uttering a groan, rose, in spite of the pain in his back, to hisfull height, rubbing his numb fingers. + +"Ask him into the study." + +"With your excellency's permission I will finish it alone," saidthe artist, rising. "I feel the presence." + +"All right, finish alone," the General said, severely anddecidedly, and stepped quickly, with big, firm and measuredstrides, into his study. + +"Very pleased to see you," said the General to Nekhludoff,uttering the friendly words in a gruff tone, and pointing to anarmchair by the side of the writing-table. "Have you been inPetersburg long?" + +Nekhludoff replied that he had only lately arrived. + +"Is the Princess, your mother, well?" + +"My mother is dead." + +"Forgive me; I am very sorry. My son told me he had met you." + +The General's son was making the same kind of career for himselfthat the father had done, and, having passed the MilitaryAcademy, was now serving in the Inquiry Office, and was veryproud of his duties there. His occupation was the management ofGovernment spies. + +"Why, I served with your father. We were friends--comrades. Andyou; are you also in the Service?" + +"No, I am not." + +The General bent his head disapprovingly. + +"I have a request to make, General." + +"Very pleased. In what way can I be of service to you?" If myrequest is out of place pray pardon me. But I am obliged to makeit." + +"What is it?" + +"There is a certain Gourkevitch imprisoned in the fortress; hismother asks for an interview with him, or at least to be allowedto send him some books." + +The General expressed neither satisfaction nor dissatisfaction atNekhludoff's request, but bending his head on one side he closedhis eyes as if considering. In reality he was not consideringanything, and was not even interested in Nekhludoff's questions,well knowing that he would answer them according to the law. Hewas simply resting mentally and not thinking at all. + +"You see," he said at last, "this does not depend on me. There isa regulation, confirmed by His Majesty, concerning interviews;and as to books, we have a library, and they may have what ispermitted." + +"Yes, but he wants scientific books; he wishes to study." + +"Don't you believe it," growled the General. "It's not study hewants; it is just only restlessness." + +"But what is to be done? They must occupy their time somehow intheir hard condition," said Nekhludoff. + +"They are always complaining," said the General. "We know them." + +He spoke of them in a general way, as if they were all aspecially bad race of men. "They have conveniences here which canbe found in few places of confinement," said the General, and hebegan to enumerate the comforts the prisoners enjoyed, as if theaim of the institution was to give the people imprisoned there acomfortable home. + +"It is true it used to be rather rough, but now they are verywell kept here," he continued. "They have three courses fordinner--and one of them meat--cutlets, or rissoles; and onSundays they get a fourth--a sweet dish. God grant every Russianmay eat as well as they do." + +Like all old people, the General, having once got on to afamiliar topic, enumerated the various proofs he had often givenbefore of the prisoners being exacting and ungrateful. + +"They get books on spiritual subjects and old journals. We have alibrary. Only they rarely read. At first they seem interested,later on the new books remain uncut, and the old ones with theirleaves unturned. We tried them," said the old General, with thedim likeness of a smile. "We put bits of paper in on purpose,which remained just as they had been placed. Writing is also notforbidden," he continued. "A slate is provided, and a slatepencil, so that they can write as a pastime. They can wipe theslate and write again. But they don't write, either. Oh, theyvery soon get quite tranquil. At first they seem restless, butlater on they even grow fat and become very quiet." Thus spokethe General, never suspecting the terrible meaning of his words. + +Nekhludoff listened to the hoarse old voice, looked at the stifflimbs, the swollen eyelids under the grey brows, at the old,clean-shaved, flabby jaw, supported by the collar of the militaryuniform, at the white cross that this man was so proud of,chiefly because he had gained it by exceptionally cruel andextensive slaughter, and knew that it was useless to reply to theold man or to explain the meaning of his own words to him. + +He made another effort, and asked about the prisoner Shoustova,for whose release, as he had been informed that morning, orderswere given. + +"Shoustova--Shoustova? I cannot remember all their names, thereare so many of them," he said, as if reproaching them becausethere were so many. He rang, and ordered the secretary to becalled. While waiting for the latter, he began persuadingNekhludoff to serve, saying that "honest noblemen," countinghimself among the number, "were particularly needed by the Tsarand--the country," he added, evidently only to round off hissentence. "I am old, yet I am serving still, as well as mystrength allows." + +The secretary, a dry, emaciated man, with restless, intelligenteyes, came in and reported that Shoustova was imprisoned in somequeer, fortified place, and that he had received no ordersconcerning her. + +"When we get the order we shall let her out the same day. We donot keep them; we do not value their visits much," said theGeneral, with another attempt at a playful smile, which onlydistorted his old face. + +Nekhludoff rose, trying to keep from expressing the mixedfeelings of repugnance and pity which he felt towards thisterrible old man. The old man on his part considered that heshould not be too severe on the thoughtless and evidentlymisguided son of his old comrade, and should not leave himwithout advice. + +"Good-bye, my dear fellow; do not take it amiss. It is myaffection that makes me say it. Do not keep company with suchpeople as we have at our place here. There are no innocent onesamong them. All these people are most immoral. We know them," hesaid, in a tone that admitted no possibility of doubt. And he didnot doubt, not because the thing was so, but because if it wasnot so, he would have to admit himself to be not a noble heroliving out the last days of a good life, but a scoundrel, whosold, and still continued in his old age to sell, his conscience. + +"Best of all, go and serve," he continued; "the Tsar needs honestmen--and the country," he added. "Well, supposing I and theothers refused to serve, as you are doing? Who would be left?Here we are, finding fault with the order of things, and yet notwishing to help the Government." + +With a deep sigh Nekhludoff made a low bow, shook the large, bonyhand condescendingly stretched out to him and left the room. + +The General shook his head reprovingly, and rubbing his back, heagain went into the drawing-room where the artist was waiting forhim. He had already written down the answer given by the soul ofJoan of Arc. The General put on his pince-nez and read, "Willknow one another by light emanating from their astral bodies." + +"Ah," said the General, with approval, and closed his eyes. "Buthow is one to know if the light of all is alike?" he asked, andagain crossed fingers with the artist on the saucer. + +The isvostchik drove Nekhludoff out of the gate. + +It is dull here, sir, he said, turning to Nekhludoff. "I almostwished to drive off without waiting for you." + +Nekhludoff agreed. "Yes, it is dull," and he took a deep breath,and looked up with a sense of relief at the grey clouds that werefloating in the sky, and at the glistening ripples made by theboats and steamers on the Neva. + +CHAPTER XX. + +MASLOVA'S APPEAL. + +The next day Maslova's case was to be examined at the Senate, andNekhludoff and the advocate met at the majestic portal of thebuilding, where several carriages were waiting. Ascending themagnificent and imposing staircase to the first floor, theadvocate, who knew all the ins and outs of the place, turned tothe left and entered through a door which had the date of theintroduction of the Code of Laws above it. + +After taking off his overcoat in the first narrow room, he foundout from the attendant that the Senators had all arrived, andthat the last had just come in. Fanarin, in his swallow-tailcoat, a white tie above the white shirt-front, and aself-confident smile on his lips, passed into the next room. Inthis room there were to the right a large cupboard and a table,and to the left a winding staircase, which an elegant official inuniform was descending with a portfolio under his arm. In thisroom an old man with long, white hair and a patriarchalappearance attracted every one's attention. He wore a short coatand grey trousers. Two attendants stood respectfully beside him.The old man with white hair entered the cupboard and shut himselfin. + +Fanarin noticed a fellow-advocate dressed in the same way ashimself, with a white tie and dress coat, and at once enteredinto an animated conversation with him. + +Nekhludoff was meanwhile examining the people in the room. Thepublic consisted of about 15 persons, of whom two were ladies--ayoung one with a pince-nez, and an old, grey-haired one. + +A case of libel was to be heard that day, and therefore thepublic were more numerous than usual--chiefly persons belongingto the journalistic world. + +The usher, a red-cheeked, handsome man in a fine uniform, came upto Fanarin and asked him what his business was. When he heardthat it was the case of Maslova, he noted something down andwalked away. Then the cupboard door opened and the old man withthe patriarchal appearance stepped out, no longer in a short coatbut in a gold-trimmed attire, which made him look like a bird,and with metal plates on his breast. This funny costume seemed tomake the old man himself feel uncomfortable, and, walking fasterthan his wont, he hurried out of the door opposite the entrance. + +"That is Bay, a most estimable man," Fanarin said to Nekhludoff,and then having introduced him to his colleague, he explained thecase that was about to be heard, which he considered veryinteresting. + +The hearing of the case soon commenced, and Nekhludoff, with thepublic, entered the left side of the Senate Chamber. They all,including Fanarin, took their places behind a grating. Only thePetersburg advocate went up to a desk in front of the grating. + +The Senate Chamber was not so big as the Criminal Court; and wasmore simply furnished, only the table in front of the senatorswas covered with crimson, gold-trimmed velvet, instead of greencloth; but the attributes of all places of judgment, i.e., themirror of justice, the icon, the emblem of hypocrisy, and theEmperor's portrait, the emblem of servility, were there. + +The usher announced, in the same solemn manner: "The Court iscoming." Every one rose in the same way, and the senators enteredin their uniforms and sat down on highbacked chairs and leant onthe table, trying to appear natural, just in the same way as thejudges in the Court of Law. There were four senatorspresent--Nikitin, who took the chair, a clean-shaved man with anarrow face and steely eyes; Wolf, with significantly compressedlips, and little white hands, with which he kept turning over thepages of the business papers; Skovorodnikoff, a heavy, fat,pockmarked man--the learned lawyer; and Bay, thepatriarchal-looking man who had arrived last. + +With the advocates entered the chief secretary and publicprosecutor, a lean, clean-shaven young man of medium height, avery dark complexion, and sad, black eyes. Nekhludoff knew him atonce, in spite of his curious uniform and the fact that he hadnot seen him for six years. He had been one of his best friendsin Nekhludoff's student days. + +"The public prosecutor Selenin?" Nekhludoff asked, turning to theadvocate. + +"Yes. Why?" + +"I know him well. He is a fine fellow." + +"And a good public prosecutor; business-like. Now he is the manyou should have interested." + +He will act according to his conscience in any case," saidNekhludoff, recalling the intimate relations and friendshipbetween himself and Selenin, and the attractive qualities of thelatter--purity, honesty, and good breeding in its best sense. + +"Yes, there is no time now," whispered Fanarin, who waslistening to the report of the case that had commenced. + +The Court of Justice was accused of having left a decision of theCourt of Law unaltered. + +Nekhludoff listened and tried to make out the meaning of what wasgoing on; but, just as in the Criminal Court, his chiefdifficulty was that not the evidently chief point, but some sideissues, were being discussed. The case was that of a newspaperwhich had published the account of a swindle arranged by adirector of a limited liability company. It seemed that the onlyimportant question was whether the director of the company reallyabused his trust, and how to stop him from doing it. But thequestions under consideration were whether the editor had a rightto publish this article of his contributor, and what he had beenguilty of in publishing it: slander or libel, and in what wayslander included libel, or libel included slander, and somethingrather incomprehensible to ordinary people about all sorts ofstatutes and resolutions passed by some General Department. + +The only thing clear to Nekhludoff was that, in spite of whatWolf had so strenuously insisted on, the day before, i.e., thatthe Senate could not try a case on its merits, in this case hewas evidently strongly in favour of repealing the decision of theCourt of Justice, and that Selenin, in spite of hischaracteristic reticence, stated the opposite opinion with quiteunexpected warmth. The warmth, which surprised Nekhludoff,evinced by the usually self-controlled Selenin, was due to hisknowledge of the director's shabbiness in money matters, and thefact, which had accidentally come to his cars, that Wolf had beento a swell dinner party at the swindler's house only a few daysbefore. + +Now that Wolf spoke on the case, guardedly enough, but withevident bias, Selenin became excited, and expressed his opinionwith too much nervous irritation for an ordinary businesstransaction. + +It was clear that Selenin's speech had offended Wolf. He grewred, moved in his chair, made silent gestures of surprise, and atlast rose, with a very dignified and injured look, together withthe other senators, and went out into the debating-room. + +"What particular case have you come about?" the usher askedagain, addressing Fanarin. + +"I have already told you: Maslova's case." + +"Yes, quite so. It is to be heard to-day, but--" + +"But what?" the advocate asked. + +"Well, you see, this case was to be examined without takingsides, so that the senators will hardly come out again afterpassing the resolution. But I will inform them." + +"What do you mean?" + +"I'll inform them; I'll inform them." And the usher again putsomething down on his paper. + +The Senators really meant to pronounce their decision concerningthe libel case, and then to finish the other business, Maslova'scase among it, over their tea and cigarettes, without leaving thedebating-room. + +CHAPTER XXI. + +THE APPEAL DISMISSED. + +As soon as the Senators were seated round the table in thedebating-room, Wolf began to bring forward with great animationall the motives in favour of a repeal. The chairman, anill-natured man at best, was in a particularly bad humour thatday. His thoughts were concentrated on the words he had writtendown in his memoranda on the occasion when not he but Viglanoffwas appointed to the important post he had long coveted. It wasthe chairman, Nikitin's, honest conviction that his opinions ofthe officials of the two upper classes with which he was inconnection would furnish valuable material for the historians. Hehad written a chapter the day before in which the officials ofthe upper classes got it hot for preventing him, as he expressedit, from averting the ruin towards which the present rulers ofRussia were driving it, which simply meant that they had preventedhis getting a better salary. And now he was considering what anew light to posterity this chapter would shed on events. + +"Yes, certainly," he said, in reply to the words addressed to himby Wolf, without listening to them. + +Bay was listening to Wolf with a sad face and drawing a garlandon the paper that lay before him. Bay was a Liberal of the veryfirst water. He held sacred the Liberal traditions of the sixthdecade of this century, and if he ever overstepped the limits ofstrict neutrality it was always in the direction of Liberalism.So in this case; beside the fact that the swindling director, whowas prosecuting for libel, was a bad lot, the prosecution of ajournalist for libel in itself tending, as it did, to restrictthe freedom of the press, inclined Bay to reject the appeal. + +When Wolf concluded his arguments Bay stopped drawing his garlandand began in a sad and gentle voice (he was sad because he wasobliged to demonstrate such truisms) concisely, simply andconvincingly to show how unfounded the accusation was, and then,bending his white head, he continued drawing his garland. + +Skovorodnikoff, who sat opposite Wolf, and, with his fat fingers,kept shoving his beard and moustaches into his mouth, stoppedchewing his beard as soon as Bay was silent, and said with aloud, grating voice, that, notwithstanding the fact of thedirector being a terrible scoundrel, he would have been for therepeal of the sentence if there were any legal reasons for it;but, as there were none, he was of Bay's opinion. He was glad toput this spoke in Wolf's wheel. + +The chairman agreed with Skovorodnikoff, and the appeal wasrejected. + +Wolf was dissatisfied, especially because it was like beingcaught acting with dishonest partiality; so he pretended to beindifferent, and, unfolding the document which containedMaslova's case, he became engrossed in it. Meanwhile the Senatorsrang and ordered tea, and began talking about the event that,together with the duel, was occupying the Petersburgers. + +It was the case of the chief of a Government department, who wasaccused of the crime provided for in Statute 995. + +"What nastiness," said Bay, with disgust. + +"Why; where is the harm of it? I can show you a Russian bookcontaining the project of a German writer, who openly proposesthat it should not be considered a crime," said Skovorodnikoff,drawing in greedily the fumes of the crumpled cigarette, which heheld between his fingers close to the palm, and he laughedboisterously. + +"Impossible!" said Bay. + +I shall show it you," said Skovorodnikoff, giving the full titleof the book, and even its date and the name of its editor. + +"I hear he has been appointed governor to some town in Siberia." + +"That's fine. The archdeacon will meet him with a crucifix. Theyought to appoint an archdeacon of the same sort," saidSkovorodnikoff. "I could recommend them one," and he threw theend of his cigarette into his saucer, and again shoved as much ofhis beard and moustaches as he could into his mouth and beganchewing them. + +The usher came in and reported the advocate's and Nekhludoff'sdesire to be present at the examination of Maslova's case. + +"This case," Wolf said, "is quite romantic," and he told themwhat he knew about Nekhludoff's relations with Maslova. When theyhad spoken a little about it and finished their tea andcigarettes, the Senators returned into the Senate Chamber andproclaimed their decision in the libel case, and began to hearMaslova's case. + +Wolf, in his thin voice, reported Maslova's appeal very fully,but again not without some bias and an evident wish for therepeal of the sentence. + +"Have you anything to add?" the chairman said, turning toFanarin. Fanarin rose, and standing with his broad white chestexpanded, proved point by point, with wonderful exactness andpersuasiveness, how the Court had in six points strayed from theexact meaning of the law; and besides this he touched, thoughbriefly, on the merits of the case, and on the crying injusticeof the sentence. The tone of his speech was one of apology to theSenators, who, with their penetration and judicial wisdom, couldnot help seeing and understanding it all better than he could. Hewas obliged to speak only because the duty he had undertakenforced him to do so. + +After Fanarin's speech one might have thought that there couldnot remain the least doubt that the Senate ought to repeal thedecision of the Court. When he had finished his speech, Fanarinlooked round with a smile of triumph, seeing which Nekhludofffelt certain that the case was won. But when he looked at theSenators he saw that Fanarin smiled and triumphed all alone. TheSenators and the Public Prosecutor did not smile nor triumph, butlooked like people wearied, and who were thinking "We have oftenheard the like of you; it is all in vain," and were only too gladwhen he stopped and ceased uselessly detaining them there.Immediately after the end of the advocate's speech the chairmanturned to the Public Prosecutor. Selenin briefly and clearlyexpressed himself in favour of leaving the decision of the Courtunaltered, as he considered all the reasons for appealinginadequate. After this the Senators went out into thedebating-room. They were divided in their opinions. Wolf was infavour of altering the decision. Bay, when he had understood thecase, took up the same side with fervour, vividly presenting thescene at the court to his companions as he clearly saw ithimself. Nikitin, who always was on the side of severity andformality, took up the other side. All depended onSkovorodnikoff's vote, and he voted for rejecting the appeal,because Nekhludoff's determination to marry the woman on moralgrounds was extremely repugnant to him. + +Skovorodnikoff was a materialist, a Darwinian, and counted everymanifestation of abstract morality, or, worse still, religion,not only as a despicable folly, but as a personal affront tohimself. All this bother about a prostitute, and the presence ofa celebrated advocate and Nekhludoff in the Senate were in thehighest degree repugnant to him. So he shoved his beard into hismouth and made faces, and very skilfully pretended to knownothing of this case, excepting that the reasons for an appealwere insufficient, and that he, therefore, agreed with thechairman to leave the decision of the Court unaltered. + +So the sentence remained unrepealed. + +CHAPTER XXII. + +AN OLD FRIEND. + +"Terrible," said Nekhludoff, as he went out into the waiting-roomwith the advocate, who was arranging the papers in his portfolio."In a matter which is perfectly clear they attach all theimportance to the form and reject the appeal. Terrible!" + +"The case was spoiled in the Criminal Court," said the advocate. + +"And Selenin, too, was in favour of the rejection. Terrible!terrible!" Nekhludoff repeated. "What is to be done now?" + +"We will appeal to His Majesty, and you can hand in the petitionyourself while you are here. I will write it for you." + +At this moment little Wolf, with his stars and uniform, came outinto the waiting-room and approached Nekhludoff. "It could not behelped, dear Prince. The reasons for an appeal were notsufficient," he said, shrugging his narrow shoulders and closinghis eyes, and then he went his way. + +After Wolf, Selenin came out too, having heard from the Senatorsthat his old friend Nekhludoff was there. + +"Well, I never expected to see you here," he said, coming up toNekhludoff, and smiling only with his lips while his eyesremained sad. "I did not know you were in Petersburg." + +"And I did not know you were Public Prosecutor-in-Chief." + +"How is it you are in the Senate?" asked Selenin. "I had heard,by the way, that you were in Petersburg. But what are you doinghere?" + +"Here? I am here because I hoped to find justice and save a womaninnocently condemned." + +"What woman?" + +"The one whose case has just been decided." + +"Oh! Maslova's case," said Selenin, suddenly remembering it. "Theappeal had no grounds whatever." + +"It is not the appeal; it's the woman who is innocent, and isbeing punished." + +Selenin sighed. "That may well be, but----' + +"Not MAY BE, but is." + +"How do you know?" + +"Because I was on the jury. I know how we made the mistake." + +"Selenin became thoughtful. "You should have made a statement atthe time," he said. + +"I did make the statement." + +"It should have been put down in an official report. If this hadbeen added to the petition for the appeal--" + +"Yes, but still, as it is, the verdict is evidently absurd." + +"The Senate has no right to say so. If the Senate took uponitself to repeal the decision of the law courts according to itsown views as to the justice of the decisions in themselves, theverdict of the jury would lose all its meaning, not to mentionthat the Senate would have no basis to go upon, and would run therisk of infringing justice rather than upholding it," saidSelenin, calling to mind the case that had just been heard. + +"All I know is that this woman is quite innocent, and that thelast hope of saying her from an unmerited punishment is gone. Thegrossest injustice has been confirmed by the highest court." + +"It has not been confirmed. The Senate did not and cannot enterinto the merits of the case in itself," said Selenin. Always busyand rarely going out into society, he had evidently heard nothingof Nekhludoff's romance. Nekhludoff noticed it, and made up hismind that it was best to say nothing about his special relationswith Maslova. + +"You are probably staying with your aunt," Selenin remarked,apparently wishing to change the subject. "She told me you werehere yesterday, and she invited me to meet you in the evening,when some foreign preacher was to lecture," and Selenin againsmiled only with his lips. + +"Yes, I was there, but left in disgust," said Nekhludoff angrily,vexed that Selenin had changed the subject. + +"Why with disgust? After all, it is a manifestation of religiousfeeling, though one-sided and sectarian," said Selenin. + +"Why, it's only some kind of whimsical folly." + +"Oh, dear, no. The curious thing is that we know the teaching ofour church so little that we see some new kind of revelation inwhat are, after all, our own fundamental dogmas," said Selenin,as if hurrying to let his old friend know his new views. + +Nekhludoff looked at Selenin scrutinisingly and with surprise,and Selenin dropped his eyes, in which appeared an expression notonly of sadness but also of ill-will. + +"Do you, then, believe in the dogmas of the church?" Nekhludoffasked. + +"Of course I do," replied Selenin, gazing straight intoNekhludoff's eyes with a lifeless look. + +Nekhludoff sighed. "It is strange," he said. + +"However, we shall have a talk some other time," said Selenin."I am coming," he added, in answer to the usher, who hadrespectfully approached him. "Yes, we must meet again," he wenton with a sigh. "But will it be possible for me to find you? Youwill always find me in at seven o'clock. My address isNadejdinskaya," and he gave the number. "Ah, time does not standstill," and he turned to go, smiling only with his lips. + +"I will come if I can," said Nekhludoff, feeling that a man oncenear and dear to him had, by this brief conversation, suddenlybecome strange, distant, and incomprehensible, if not hostile tohim. + +CHAPTER XXIII. + +THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR. + +When Nekhludoff knew Selenin as a student, he was a good son, atrue friend, and for his years an educated man of the world, withmuch tact; elegant, handsome, and at the same time truthful andhonest. He learned well, without much exertion and with nopedantry, receiving gold medals for his essays. He considered theservice of mankind, not only in words but in acts, to be the aimof his young life. He saw no other way of being useful tohumanity than by serving the State. Therefore, as soon as he hadcompleted his studies, he systematically examined all theactivities to which he might devote his life, and decided toenter the Second Department of the Chancellerie, where the lawsare drawn up, and he did so. But, in spite of the most scrupulousand exact discharge of the duties demanded of him, this servicegave no satisfaction to his desire of being useful, nor could heawake in himself the consciousness that he was doing "the rightthing." + +This dissatisfaction was so much increased by the friction withhis very small-minded and vain fellow officials that he left theChancellerie and entered the Senate. It was better there, but thesame dissatisfaction still pursued him; he felt it to be verydifferent from what he had expected, and from what ought to be. + +And now that he was in the Senate his relatives obtained for himthe post of Gentleman of the Bedchamber, and he had to go in acarriage, dressed in an embroidered uniform and a white linenapron, to thank all sorts of people for having placed him in theposition of a lackey. However much he tried he could find noreasonable explanation for the existence of this post, and felt,more than in the Senate, that it was not "the right thing," andyet he could not refuse it for fear of hurting those who feltsure they were giving him much pleasure by this appointment, andbecause it flattered the lowest part of his nature. It pleasedhim to see himself in a mirror in his gold-embroidered uniform,and to accept the deference paid him by some people because ofhis position. + +Something of the same kind happened when he married. A verybrilliant match, from a worldly point of view, was arranged forhim, and he married chiefly because by refusing he would have hadto hurt the young lady who wished to be married to him, and thosewho arranged the marriage, and also because a marriage with anice young girl of noble birth flattered his vanity and gave himpleasure. But this marriage very soon proved to be even less "theright thing" than the Government service and his position atCourt. + +After the birth of her first child the wife decided to have nomore, and began leading that luxurious worldly life in which henow had to participate whether he liked or not. + +She was not particularly handsome, and was faithful to him, andshe seemed, in spite of all the efforts it cost her, to derivenothing but weariness from the life she led, yet sheperseveringly continued to live it, though it was poisoning herhusband's life. And all his efforts to alter this life wasshattered, as against a stone wall, by her conviction, which allher friends and relatives supported, that all was as it shouldbe. + +The child, a little girl with bare legs and long golden curls,was a being perfectly foreign to him, chiefly because she wastrained quite otherwise than he wished her to be. There sprung upbetween the husband and wife the usual misunderstanding, withouteven the wish to understand each other, and then a silentwarfare, hidden from outsiders and tempered by decorum. All thismade his life at home a burden, and became even less "the rightthing" than his service and his post. + +But it was above all his attitude towards religion which was not"the right thing." Like every one of his set and his time, by thegrowth of his reason he broke without the least effort the netsof the religious superstitions in which he was brought up, anddid not himself exactly know when it was that he freed himself ofthem. Being earnest and upright, he did not, during his youth andintimacy with Nekhludoff as a student, conceal his rejection ofthe State religion. But as years went on and he rose in theservice, and especially at the time of the reaction towardsconservatism in society, his spiritual freedom stood in his way. + +At home, when his father died, he had to be present at the massessaid for his soul, and his mother wished him to go to confessionor to communion, and it was in a way expected, by public opinion,but above all, Government service demanded that he should bepresent at all sorts of services, consecrations, thanksgivings,and the like. Hardly a day passed without some outward religiousform having to be observed. + +When present at these services he had to pretend that he believedin something which he did not believe in, and being truthful hecould not do this. The alternative was, having made up his mindthat all these outward signs were deceitful, to alter his life insuch a way that he would not have to be present at suchceremonials. But to do what seemed so simple would have cost agreat deal. Besides encountering the perpetual hostility of allthose who were near to him, he would have to give up the serviceand his position, and sacrifice his hopes of being useful tohumanity by his service, now and in the future. To make such asacrifice one would have to be firmly convinced of being right. + +And he was firmly convinced he was right, as no educated man ofour time can help being convinced who knows a little history andhow the religions, and especially Church Christianity,originated. + +But under the stress of his daily life he, a truthful man,allowed a little falsehood to creep in. He said that in order todo justice to an unreasonable thing one had to study theunreasonable thing. It was a little falsehood, but it sunk himinto the big falsehood in which he was now caught. + +Before putting to himself the question whether the orthodoxy inwhich he was born and bred, and which every one expected him toaccept, and without which he could not continue his usefuloccupation, contained the truth, he had already decided theanswer. And to clear up the question he did not read Voltaire,Schopenhauer, Herbert Spencer, or Comte, but the philosophicalworks of Hegel and the religious works of Vinet and Khomyakoff,and naturally found in them what he wanted, i.e., something likepeace of mind and a vindication of that religious teaching inwhich he was educated, which his reason had long ceased toaccept, but without which his whole life was filled withunpleasantness which could all be removed by accepting theteaching. + +And so he adopted all the usual sophistries which go to provethat a single human reason cannot know the truth, that the truthis only revealed to an association of men, and can only be knownby revelation, that revelation is kept by the church, etc. And sohe managed to be present at prayers, masses for the dead, toconfess, make signs of the cross in front of icons, with a quietmind, without being conscious of the lie, and to continue in theservice which gave him the feeling of being useful and somecomfort in his joyless family life. Although he believed this, hefelt with his entire being that this religion of his, more thanall else, was not "the right thing," and that is why his eyesalways looked sad. + +And seeing Nekhludoff, whom he had known before all these lieshad rooted themselves within him, reminded him of what he thenwas. It was especially after he had hurried to hint at hisreligious views that he had most strongly felt all this "not theright thing," and had become painfully sad. Nekhludoff felt italso after the first joy of meeting his old friend had passed,and therefore, though they promised each other to meet, they didnot take any steps towards an interview, and did not again seeeach other during this stay of Nekhludoff's in Petersburg. + +CHAPTER XXIV. + +MARIETTE TEMPTS NEKHLUDOFF. + +When they left the Senate, Nekhludoff and the advocate walked ontogether, the advocate having given the driver of his carriageorders to follow them. The advocate told Nekhludoff the story ofthe chief of a Government department, about whom the Senators hadbeen talking: how the thing was found out, and how the man, whoaccording to law should have been sent to the mines, had beenappointed Governor of a town in Siberia. Then he related withparticular pleasure how several high-placed persons stole a lotof money collected for the erection of the still unfinishedmonument which they had passed that morning; also, how themistress of So-and-so got a lot of money at the Stock Exchange,and how So-and-so agreed with So-and-so to sell him his wife. Theadvocate began another story about a swindle, and all sorts ofcrimes committed by persons in high places, who, instead of beingin prison, sat on presidential chairs in all sorts of Governmentinstitutions. These tales, of which the advocate seemed to havean unending supply, gave him much pleasure, showing as they did,with perfect clearness, that his means of getting money werequite just and innocent compared to the means which the highestofficials in Petersburg made use of. The advocate was thereforesurprised when Nekhludoff took an isvostchik before hearing theend of the story, said good-bye, and left him. Nekhludoff feltvery sad. It was chiefly the rejection of the appeal by theSenate, confirming the senseless torments that the innocentMaslova was enduring, that saddened him, and also the fact thatthis rejection made it still harder for him to unite his fatewith hers. The stories about existing evils, which the advocaterecounted with such relish, heightened his sadness, and so didthe cold, unkind look that the once sweet-natured, frank, nobleSelenin had given him, and which kept recurring to his mind. + +On his return the doorkeeper handed him a note, and said, ratherscornfully, that some kind of woman had written it in the hall.It was a note from Shoustova's mother. She wrote that she hadcome to thank her daughter's benefactor and saviour, and toimplore him to come to see them on the Vasilievsky, Sth Line,house No. --. This was very necessary because of Vera Doukhova.He need not be afraid that they would weary him with expressionsof gratitude. They would not speak their gratitude, but be simplyglad to see him. Would he not come next morning, if he could? + +There was another note from Bogotyreff, a former fellow-officer,aide-de-camp to the Emperor, whom Nekhludoff had asked to handpersonally to the Emperor his petition on behalf of thesectarians. Bogotyreff wrote, in his large, firm hand, that hewould put the petition into the Emperor's own hands, as he hadpromised; but that it had occurred to him that it might be betterfor Nekhludoff first to go and see the person on whom the matterdepended. + +After the impressions received during the last few days,Nekhludoff felt perfectly hopeless of getting anything done. Theplans he had formed in Moscow seemed now something like thedreams of youth, which are inevitably followed by disillusionwhen life comes to be faced. Still, being now in Petersburg, heconsidered it his duty to do all he had intended, and he resolvednext day, after consulting Bogotyreff, to act on his advice andsee the person on whom the case of the sectarians depended. + +He got out the sectarians' petition from his portfolio, and beganreading it over, when there was a knock at his door, and afootman came in with a message from the Countess KaterinaIvanovna, who asked him to come up and have a cup of tea withher. + +Nekhludoff said he would come at once, and having put the papersback into the portfolio, he went up to his aunt's. He looked outof a window on his way, and saw Mariette's pair of bays standingin front of the house, and he suddenly brightened and feltinclined to smile. + +Mariette, with a hat on her head, not in black but with a lightdress of many shades, sat with a cup in her hand beside theCountess's easy chair, prattling about something while herbeautiful, laughing eyes glistened. She had said somethingfunny--something indecently funny--just as Nekhludoff entered theroom. He knew it by the way she laughed, and by the way thegood-natured Countess Katerina Ivanovna's fat body was shakingwith laughter; while Mariette, her smiling mouth slightly drawnto one side, her head a little bent, a peculiarly mischievousexpression in her merry, energetic face, sat silently looking ather companion. From a few words which he overheard, Nekhludoffguessed that they were talking of the second piece of Petersburgnews, the episode of the Siberian Governor, and that it was inreference to this subject that Mariette had said something sofunny that the Countess could not control herself for a longtime. + +"You will kill me," she said, coughing. + +After saying "How d'you do?" Nekhludoff sat down. He was about tocensure Mariette in his mind for her levity when, noticing theserious and even slightly dissatisfied look in his eyes, shesuddenly, to please him, changed not only the expression of herface, but also the attitude of her mind; for she felt the wish toplease him as soon as she looked at him. She suddenly turnedserious, dissatisfied with her life, as if seeking and strivingafter something; it was not that she pretended, but she reallyreproduced in herself the very same state of mind that he was in,although it would have been impossible for her to express inwords what was the state of Nekhludoff's mind at that moment. + +She asked him how he had accomplished his tasks. He told herabout his failure in the Senate and his meeting Selenin. + +"Oh, what a pure soul! He is, indeed, a chevalier sans peur etsans reproche. A pure soul!" said both ladies, using the epithetcommonly applied to Selenin in Petersburg society. + +"What is his wife like?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"His wife? Well, I do not wish to judge, but she does notunderstand him." + +"Is it possible that he, too, was for rejecting the appeal?Mariette asked with real sympathy. "It is dreadful. How sorry Iam for her," she added with a sigh. + +He frowned, and in order to change the subject began to speakabout Shoustova, who had been imprisoned in the fortress and wasnow set free through the influence of Mariette's husband. Hethanked her for her trouble, and was going on to say how dreadfulhe thought it, that this woman and the whole of her family hadsuffered merely, because no one had reminded the authoritiesabout them, but Mariette interrupted him and expressed her ownindignation. + +"Say nothing about it to me," she said. "When my husband told meshe could be set free, it was this that struck me, 'What was shekept in prison for if she is innocent?'" She went on expressingwhat Nekhludoff was about to say. + +"It is revolting--revolting." + +Countess Katerina Ivanovna noticed that Mariette was coquettingwith her nephew, and this amused her. "What do you think?" shesaid, when they were silent. "Supposing you come to Aline'sto-morrow night. Kiesewetter will be there. And you, too," shesaid, turning to Mariette. "Il vous a remarque," she went on toher nephew. "He told me that what you say (I repeated it all tohim) is a very good sign, and that you will certainly come toChrist. You must come absolutely. Tell him to, Mariette, and comeyourself." + +"Countess, in the first place, I have no right whatever to giveany kind of advice to the Prince," said Mariette, and gaveNekhludoff a look that somehow established a full comprehensionbetween them of their attitude in relation to the Countess'swords and evangelicalism in general. "Secondly, I do not muchcare, you know." + +Yes, I know you always do things the wrong way round, andaccording to your own ideas." + +"My own ideas? I have faith like the most simple peasant woman,"said Mariette with a smile. "And, thirdly, I am going to theFrench Theatre to-morrow night." + +"Ah! And have you seen that--What's her name?" asked CountessKaterina Ivanovna. Mariette gave the name of a celebrated Frenchactress. + +"You must go, most decidedly; she is wonderful." + +"Whom am I to see first, ma tante--the actress or the preacher?"Nekhludoff said with a smile. + +"Please don't catch at my words." + +"I should think the preacher first and then the actress, or elsethe desire for the sermon might vanish altogether," saidNekhludoff. + +"No; better begin with the French Theatre, and do penanceafterwards." + +"Now, then, you are not to hold me up for ridicule. The preacheris the preacher and the theatre is the theatre. One need not weepin order to be saved. One must have faith, and then one is sureto be gay." + +"You, ma tante, preach better than any preacher." + +"Do you know what?" said Mariette. "Come into my box to-morrow." + +"I am afraid I shall not be able to." + +The footman interrupted the conversation by announcing a visitor.It was the secretary of a philanthropic society of which theCountess was president. + +"Oh, that is the dullest of men. I think I shall receive him outthere, and return to you later on. Mariette, give him his tea,"said the Countess, and left the room, with her quick, wrigglingwalk. + +Mariette took the glove off her firm, rather flat hand, thefourth finger of which was covered with rings. + +"Want any?" she said, taking hold of the silver teapot, underwhich a spirit lamp was burning, and extending her little fingercuriously. Her face looked sad and serious. + +"It is always terribly painful to me to notice that people whoseopinion I value confound me with the position I am placed in."She seemed ready to cry as she said these last words. And thoughthese words had no meaning, or at any rate a very indefinitemeaning, they seemed to be of exceptional depth, meaning, orgoodness to Nekhludoff, so much was he attracted by the look ofthe bright eyes which accompanied the words of this young,beautiful, and well-dressed woman. + +Nekhludoff looked at her in silence, and could not take his eyesfrom her face. + +"You think I do not understand you and all that goes on in you.Why, everybody knows what you are doing. C'est le secret depolichinelle. And I am delighted with your work, and think highlyof you." + +"Really, there is nothing to be delighted with; and I have doneso little as Yet." + +"No matter. I understand your feelings, and I understand her.All right, all right. I will say nothing more about it," shesaid, noticing displeasure on his face. "But I also understandthat after seeing all the suffering and the horror in theprisons," Mariette went on, her only desire that of attractinghim, and guessing with her woman's instinct what was dear andimportant to him, "you wish to help the sufferers, those who aremade to suffer so terribly by other men, and their cruelty andindifference. I understand the willingness to give one's life,and could give mine in such a cause, but we each have our ownfate." + +"Are you, then, dissatisfied with your fate?" + +"I?" she asked, as if struck with surprise that such a questioncould be put to her. "I have to be satisfied, and am satisfied.But there is a worm that wakes up--" + +"And he must not be allowed to fall asleep again. It is a voicethat must he obeyed," Nekhludoff said, failing into the trap. + +Many a time later on Nekhludoff remembered with shame his talkwith her. He remembered her words, which were not so much lies asimitations of his own, and her face, which seemed looking at himwith sympathetic attention when he told her about the terrors ofthe prison and of his impressions in the country. + +When the Countess returned they were talking not merely like old,but like exclusive friends who alone understood one another. Theywere talking about the injustice of power, of the sufferings ofthe unfortunate, the poverty of the people, yet in reality in themidst of the sound of their talk their eyes, gazing at eachother, kept asking, "Can you love me?" and answering, "I can,"and the sex-feeling, taking the most unexpected and brightestforms, drew them to each other. As she was going away she toldhim that she would always he willing to serve him in any way shecould, and asked him to come and see her, if only for a moment,in the theatre next day, as she had a very important thing totell him about. + +"Yes, and when shall I see you again?" she added, with a sigh,carefully drawing the glove over her jewelled hand. + +"Say you will come." + +Nekhludoff promised. + +That night, when Nekhludoff was alone in his room, and lay downafter putting out his candle, he could not sleep. He thought ofMaslova, of the decision of the Senate, of his resolve to followher in any case, of his having given up the land. The face ofMariette appeared to him as if in answer to those thoughts--herlook, her sigh, her words, "When shall I see you again?" and hersmile seemed vivid as if he really saw her, and he also smiled."Shall I be doing right in going to Siberia? And have I doneright in divesting myself of my wealth?" And the answers to thequestions on this Petersburg night, on which the daylightstreamed into the window from under the blind, were quiteindefinite. All seemed mixed in his head. He recalled his formerstate of mind, and the former sequence of his thoughts, but theyhad no longer their former power or validity. + +"And supposing I have invented all this, and am unable to live itthrough--supposing I repent of having acted right," he thought;and unable to answer he was seized with such anguish and despairas he had long not felt. Unable to free himself from hisperplexity, he fell into a heavy sleep, such as he had sleptafter a heavy loss at cards. + +CHAPTER XXV. + +LYDIA SHOUSTOVA'S HOME. + +Nekhludoff awoke next morning feeling as if he had been guilty ofsome iniquity the day before. He began considering. He could notremember having done anything wrong; he had committed no evilact, but he had had evil thoughts. He had thought that all hispresent resolutions to marry Katusha and to give up his land wereunachievable dreams; that he should be unable to bear it; that itwas artificial, unnatural; and that he would have to go on livingas he lived. + +He had committed no evil action, but, what was far worse than anevil action, he had entertained evil thoughts whence all evilactions proceed. An evil action may not be repeated, and can berepented of; but evil thoughts generate all evil actions. + +An evil action only smooths the path for other evil acts; evilthoughts uncontrollably drag one along that path. + +When Nekhludoff repeated in his mind the thoughts of the daybefore, he was surprised that he could for a moment have believedthese thoughts. However new and difficult that which he haddecided to do might be, he knew that it was the only possible wayof life for him now, and however easy and natural it might havebeen to return to his former state, he knew that state to bedeath. + +Yesterday's temptation seemed like the feeling when one awakesfrom deep sleep, and, without feeling sleepy, wants to liecomfortably in bed a little longer, yet knows that it is time torise and commence the glad and important work that awaits one. + +On that, his last day in Petersburg, he went in the morning tothe Vasilievski Ostrov to see Shoustova. Shoustova lived on thesecond floor, and having been shown the back stairs, Nekhludoffentered straight into the hot kitchen, which smelt strongly offood. An elderly woman, with turned-up sleeves, with an apron andspectacles, stood by the fire stirring something in a steamingpan. + +"Whom do you want?" she asked severely, looking at him over herspectacles. + +Before Nekhludoff had time to answer, an expression of fright andjoy appeared on her face. + +"Oh, Prince!" she exclaimed, wiping her hands on her apron. "Butwhy have you come the back way? Our Benefactor! I am her mother.They have nearly killed my little girl. You have saved us," shesaid, catching hold of Nekhludoff's hand and trying to kiss it. + +"I went to see you yesterday. My sister asked me to. She is here.This way, this way, please," said Shoustova's mother, as she ledthe way through a narrow door, and a dark passage, arranging herhair and pulling at her tucked-up skirt. "My sister's name isKornilova. You must have heard of her," she added, stoppingbefore a closed door. "She was mixed up in a political affair.An extremely clever woman!" + +Shoustova's mother opened the door and showed Nekhludoff into alittle room where on a sofa with a table before it sat a plump,short girl with fair hair that curled round her pale, round face,which was very like her mother's. She had a striped cotton blouseon. + +Opposite her, in an armchair, leaning forward, so that he wasnearly bent double, sat a young fellow with a slight, black beardand moustaches. + +"Lydia, Prince Nekhludoff!" he said. + +The pale girl jumped up, nervously pushing back a lock of hairbehind her ear, and gazing at the newcomer with a frightened lookin her large, grey eyes. + +"So you are that dangerous woman whom Vera Doukhova wished me tointercede for?" Nekhludoff asked, with a smile. + +"Yes, I am," said Lydia Shoustova, her broad, kind, child-likesmile disclosing a row of beautiful teeth. "It was aunt who wasso anxious to see you. Aunt!" she called out, in a pleasant,tender voice through a door. + +"Your imprisonment grieved Vera Doukhova very much," saidNekhludoff. + +"Take a seat here, or better here," said Shoustova, pointing tothe battered easy-chair from which the young man had just risen. + +"My cousin, Zakharov," she said, noticing that Nekhludoff lookedat the young man. + +The young man greeted the visitor with a smile as kindly asShoustova's, and when Nekhludoff sat down he brought himselfanother chair, and sat by his side. A fair-haired schoolboy ofabout 10 also came into the room and silently sat down on thewindow-sill. + +"Vera Doukhova is a great friend of my aunt's, but I hardly knowher," said Shoustova. + +Then a woman with a very pleasant face, with a white blouse andleather belt, came in from the next room. + +"How do you do? Thanks for coming," she began as soon as she hadtaken the place next Shoustova's on the sofa. + +"Well, and how is Vera. You have seen her? How does she bear herfate?" + +"She does not complain," said Nekhludoff. "She says she feelsperfectly happy."' + +"Ah, that's like Vera. I know her," said the aunt, smiling andshaking her head. "One must know her. She has a fine character.Everything for others; nothing for herself." + +"No, she asked nothing for herself, but only seemed concernedabout your niece. What seemed to trouble her most was, as shesaid, that your niece was imprisoned for nothing." + +"Yes, that's true," said the aunt. "It is a dreadful business.She suffered, in reality, because of me." + +"Not at all, aunt. I should have taken the papers without you allthe same.' + +"Allow me to know better," said the aunt. "You see," she went onto Nekhludoff, "it all happened because a certain person asked meto keep his papers for a time, and I, having no house at thetime, brought them to her. And that very night the policesearched her room and took her and the papers, and have kept herup to now, demanding that she should say from whom she had them." + +"But I never told them," said Shoustova quickly, pullingnervously at a lock that was not even out of place + +"I never said you did" answered the aunt. + +"If they took Mitin up it was certainly not through me," saidShoustova, blushing, and looking round uneasily. + +"Don't speak about it, Lydia dear," said her mother. + +"Why not? I should like to relate it," said Shoustova, no longersmiling nor pulling her lock, but twisting it round her fingerand getting redder. + +"Don't forget what happened yesterday when you began talkingabout it." + +"Not at all---Leave me alone, mamma. I did not tell, I only keptquiet. When he examined me about Mitin and about aunt, I saidnothing, and told him I would not answer." + +"Then this--Petrov--" + +"Petrov is a spy, a gendarme, and a blackguard," put in the aunt,to explain her niece's words to Nekhludoff. + +"Then he began persuading," continued Shoustova, excitedly andhurriedly. "'Anything you tell me,' he said, 'can harm no one; onthe contrary, if you tell me, we may be able to set free innocentpeople whom we may be uselessly tormenting.' Well, I still said Iwould not tell. Then he said, 'All right, don't tell, but do notdeny what I am going to say.' And he named Mitin." + +"Don't talk about it," said the aunt. + +"Oh, aunt, don't interrupt," and she went on pulling the lock ofhair and looking round. "And then, only fancy, the next day Ihear--they let me know by knocking at the wall--that Mitin isarrested. Well, I think I have betrayed him, and this tormentedme so--it tormented me so that I nearly went mad." + +"And it turned out that it was not at all because of you he wastaken up?" + +"Yes, but I didn't know. I think, 'There, now, I have betrayedhim.' I walk and walk up and down from wall to wall, and cannothelp thinking. I think, 'I have betrayed him.' I lie down andcover myself up, and hear something whispering, 'Betrayed!betrayed Mitin! Mitin betrayed!' I know it is an hallucination,but cannot help listening. I wish to fall asleep, I cannot. Iwish not to think, and cannot cease. That is terrible!" and asShoustova spoke she got more and more excited, and twisted anduntwisted the lock of hair round her finger. + +"Lydia, dear, be calm," the mother said, touching her shoulder. + +But Shoustova could not stop herself. + +"It is all the more terrible--" she began again, but did notfinish. and jumping up with a cry rushed out of the room + +Her mother turned to follow her. + +"They ought to be hanged, the rascals!" said the schoolboy whowas sitting on the window-sill. + +"What's that?" said the mother. + +"I only said--Oh, it's nothing," the schoolboy answered, andtaking a cigarette that lay on the table, he began to smoke. + +CHAPTER XXVI. + +LYDIA'S AUNT. + +"Yes, that solitary confinement is terrible for the young," saidthe aunt, shaking her head and also lighting a cigarette. + +"I should say for every one," Nekhludoff replied. + +"No, not for all," answered the aunt. "For the realrevolutionists, I have been told, it is rest and quiet. A man whois wanted by the police lives in continual anxiety, materialwant, and fear for himself and others, and for his cause, and atlast, when he is taken up and it is all over, and allresponsibility is off his shoulders, he can sit and rest. I havebeen told they actually feel joyful when taken up. But the youngand innocent (they always first arrest the innocent, like Lydia),for them the first shock is terrible. It is not that they depriveyou of freedom; and the bad food and bad air--all that isnothing. Three times as many privations would be easily borne ifit were not for the moral shock when one is first taken." + +"Have you experienced it?" + +"I? I was twice in prison," she answered, with a sad, gentlesmile. "When I was arrested for the first time I had donenothing. I was 22, had a child, and was expecting another. Thoughthe loss of freedom and the parting with my child and husbandwere hard, they were nothing when compared with what I felt whenI found out that I had ceased being a human creature and hadbecome a thing. I wished to say good-bye to my little daughter. Iwas told to go and get into the trap. I asked where I was beingtaken to. The answer was that I should know when I got there. Iasked what I was accused of, but got no reply. After I had beenexamined, and after they had undressed me and put numbered prisonclothes on me, they led me to a vault, opened a door, pushed mein, and left me alone; a sentinel, with a loaded gun, paced upand down in front of my door, and every now and then looked inthrough a crack--I felt terribly depressed. What struck me mostat the time was that the gendarme officer who examined me offeredme a cigarette. So he knew that people liked smoking, and mustknow that they liked freedom and light; and that mothers lovetheir children, and children their mothers. Then how could theytear me pitilessly from all that was dear to me, and lock me upin prison like a wild animal? That sort of thing could not beborne without evil effects. Any one who believes in God and men,and believes that men love one another, will cease to believe itafter all that. I have ceased to believe in humanity since then,and have grown embittered," she finished, with a smile. + +Shoustova's mother came in at the door through which her daughterhad gone out, and said that Lydia was very much upset, and wouldnot come in again. + +"And what has this young life been ruined for?" said the aunt."What is especially painful to me is that I am the involuntarycause of it." + +"She will recover in the country, with God's help," said themother. "We shall send her to her father." + +"Yes, if it were not for you she would have perished altogether,"said the aunt. "Thank you. But what I wished to see you for isthis: I wished to ask you to take a letter to Vera Doukhova," andshe got the letter out of her pocket. + +"The letter is not closed; you may read and tear it up, or handit to her, according to how far it coincides with yourprinciples," she said. "It contains nothing compromising." + +Nekhludoff took the letter, and, having promised to give it toVera Doukhova, he took his leave and went away. He scaled theletter without reading it, meaning to take it to its destination. + +CHAPTER XXVII. + +THE STATE CHURCH AND THE PEOPLE. + +The last thing that kept Nekhludoff in Petersburg was the case ofthe sectarians, whose petition he intended to get his formerfellow-officer, Aide-de-camp Bogatyreff, to hand to the Tsar. Hecame to Bogatyreff in the morning, and found him about to go out,though still at breakfast. Bogatyreff was not tall, but firmlybuilt and wonderfully strong (he could bend a horseshoe), a kind,honest, straight, and even liberal man. In spite of thesequalities, he was intimate at Court, and very fond of the Tsarand his family, and by some strange method he managed, whileliving in that highest circle, to see nothing but the good in itand to take no part in the evil and corruption. He nevercondemned anybody nor any measure, and either kept silent orspoke in a bold, loud voice, almost shouting what he had to say,and often laughing in the same boisterous manner. And he did notdo it for diplomatic reasons, but because such was his character. + +"Ah, that's right that you have come. Would you like somebreakfast? Sit down, the beefsteaks are fine! I always begin withsomething substantial--begin and finish, too. Ha! ha! ha! Well,then, have a glass of wine," he shouted, pointing to a decanterof claret. "I have been thinking of you. I will hand on thepetition. I shall put it into his own hands. You may count onthat, only it occurred to me that it would be best for you tocall on Toporoff." + +Nekhludoff made a wry face at the mention of Toporoff. + +"It all depends on him. He will be consulted, anyhow. And perhapshe may himself meet your wishes." + +"If you advise it I shall go." + +"That's right. Well, and how does Petersburg agree with you?"shouted Bogatyreff. "Tell me. Eh?" + +"I feel myself getting hypnotised," replied Nekhludoff. + +"Hypnotised!" Bogatyreff repeated, and burst out laughing. "Youwon't have anything? Well, just as you please," and he wiped hismoustaches with his napkin. "Then you'll go? Eh? If he does notdo it, give the petition to me, and I shall hand it onto-morrow." Shouting these words, he rose, crossed himself justas naturally as he had wiped his mouth, and began buckling on hissword. + +"And now good-bye; I must go. We are both going out," saidNekhludoff, and shaking Bogatyreff's strong, broad hand, and withthe sense of pleasure which the impression of something healthyand unconsciously fresh always gave him, Nekhludoff parted fromBogatyreff on the door-steps. + +Though he expected no good result from his visit, stillNekhludoff, following Bogatyreff's advice, went to see Toporoff,on whom the sectarians' fate depended. + +The position occupied by Toporoff, involving as it did anincongruity of purpose, could only be held by a dull man devoidof moral sensibility. Toporoff possessed both these negativequalities. The incongruity of the position he occupied was this.It was his duty to keep up and to defend, by external measures,not excluding violence, that Church which, by its owndeclaration, was established by God Himself and could not beshaken by the gates of hell nor by anything human. This divineand immutable God-established institution had to be sustained anddefended by a human institution--the Holy Synod, managed byToporoff and his officials. Toporoff did not see thiscontradiction, nor did he wish to see it, and he was thereforemuch concerned lest some Romish priest, some pastor, or somesectarian should destroy that Church which the gates of hellcould not conquer. + +Toporoff, like all those who are quite destitute of thefundamental religious feeling that recognises the equality andbrotherhood of men, was fully convinced that the common peoplewere creatures entirely different from himself, and that thepeople needed what he could very well do without, for at thebottom of his heart he believed in nothing, and found such astate very convenient and pleasant. Yet he feared lest the peoplemight also come to such a state, and looked upon it as his sacredduty, as he called it, to save the people therefrom. + +A certain cookery book declares that some crabs like to be boiledalive. In the same way he thought and spoke as if the peopleliked being kept in superstition; only he meant this in a literalsense, whereas the cookery book did not mean its words literally. + +His feelings towards the religion he was keeping up were the sameas those of the poultry-keeper towards the carrion he fed hisfowls on. Carrion was very disgusting, but the fowls liked it;therefore it was right to feed the fowls on carrion. Of courseall this worship of the images of the Iberian, Kasan and SmolenskMothers of God was a gross superstition, but the people liked itand believed in it, and therefore the superstition must be keptup. + +Thus thought Toporoff, not considering that the people only likedsuperstition because there always have been, and still are, menlike himself who, being enlightened, instead of using their lightto help others to struggle out of their dark ignorance, use it toplunge them still deeper into it. + +When Nekhludoff entered the reception-room Toporoff was in hisstudy talking with an abbess, a lively and aristocratic lady, whowas spreading the Greek orthodox faith in Western Russia amongthe Uniates (who acknowledge the Pope of Rome), and who have theGreek religion enforced on them. An official who was in thereception-room inquired what Nekhludoff wanted, and when he heardthat Nekhludoff meant to hand in a petition to the Emperor, heasked him if he would allow the petition to be read first.Nekhludoff gave it him, and the official took it into the study.The abbess, with her hood and flowing veil and her long traintrailing behind, left the study and went out, her white hands(with their well-tended nails) holding a topaz rosary. Nekhludoffwas not immediately asked to come in. Toporoff was reading thepetition and shaking his head. He was unpleasantly surprised bythe clear and emphatic wording of it. + +"If it gets into the hands of the Emperor it may causemisunderstandings, and unpleasant questions may be asked," hethought as he read. Then he put the petition on the table, rang,and ordered Nekhludoff to be asked in. + +He remembered the case of the sectarians; he had had a petitionfrom them before. The case was this: These Christians, fallenaway from the Greek Orthodox Church, were first exhorted and thentried by law, but were acquitted. Then the Archdeacon and theGovernor arranged, on the plea that their marriages were illegal,to exile these sectarians, separating the husbands, wives, andchildren. These fathers and wives were now petitioning that theyshould not he parted. Toporoff recollected the first time thecase came to his notice: he had at that time hesitated whether hehad not better put a stop to it. But then he thought no harmcould result from his confirming the decision to separate andexile the different members of the sectarian families, whereasallowing the peasant sect to remain where it was might have a badeffect on the rest of the inhabitants of the place and cause themto fall away from Orthodoxy. And then the affair also proved thezeal of the Archdeacon, and so he let the case proceed along thelines it had taken. But now that they had a defender such asNekhludoff, who had some influence in Petersburg, the case mightbe specially pointed out to the Emperor as something cruel, or itmight get into the foreign papers. Therefore he at once took anunexpected decision. + +"How do you do?" he said, with the air of a very busy man,receiving Nekhludoff standing, and at once starting on thebusiness. "I know this case. As soon as I saw the names Irecollected this unfortunate business," he said, taking up thepetition and showing it to Nekhludoff. "And I am much indebted toyou for reminding me of it. It is the over-zealousness of theprovincial authorities." + +Nekhludoff stood silent, looking with no kindly feelings at theimmovable, pale mask of a face before him. + +"And I shall give orders that these measures should he revokedand the people reinstated in their homes." + +"So that I need not make use of this petition?" + +"I promise you most assuredly," answered Toporoff, laying astress on the word I, as if quite convinced that his honesty, hisword was the best guarantee. "It will be best if I write at once.Take a seat, please." + +He went up to the table and began to write. As Nekhludoff satdown he looked at the narrow, bald skull, at the fat, blue-veinedhand that was swiftly guiding the pen, and wondered why thisevidently indifferent man was doing what he did and why he wasdoing it with such care. + +"Well, here you are," said Toporoff, sealing the envelope; "youmay let your clients know," and he stretched his lips to imitatea smile. + +"Then what did these people suffer for?" Nekhludoff asked, as hetook the envelope. + +Toporoff raised his head and smiled, as if Nekhludoff's questiongave him pleasure. "That I cannot tell. All I can say is that theinterests of the people guarded by us are so important that toogreat a zeal in matters of religion is not so dangerous or soharmful as the indifference which is now spreading--" + +"But how is it that in the name of religion the very firstdemands of righteousness are violated--families are separated?" + +Toporoff continued to smile patronisingly, evidently thinkingwhat Nekhludoff said very pretty. Anything that Nekhludoff couldsay he would have considered very pretty and very one-sided, fromthe height of what he considered his far-reaching office in theState. + +"It may seem so from the point of view of a private individual,"he said, "but from an administrative point of view it appears ina rather different light. However, I must bid you good-bye, now,"said Toporoff, bowing his head and holding out his hand, whichNekhludoff pressed. + +"The interests of the people! Your interests is what you mean!"thought Nekhludoff as he went out. And he ran over in his mindthe people in whom is manifested the activity of the institutionsthat uphold religion and educate the people. He began with thewoman punished for the illicit sale of spirits, the boy fortheft, the tramp for tramping, the incendiary for setting a houseon fire, the banker for fraud, and that unfortunate LydiaShoustova imprisoned only because they hoped to get suchinformation as they required from her. Then he thought of thesectarians punished for violating Orthodoxy, and Gourkevitch forwanting constitutional government, and Nekhludoff clearly sawthat all these people were arrested, locked up, exiled, notreally because they transgressed against justice or behavedunlawfully, but only because they were an obstacle hindering theofficials and the rich from enjoying the property they had takenaway from the people. And the woman who sold wine without havinga license, and the thief knocking about the town, and LydiaShoustova hiding proclamations, and the sectarians upsettingsuperstitions, and Gourkevitch desiring a constitution, were areal hindrance. It seemed perfectly clear to Nekhludoff that allthese officials, beginning with his aunt's husband, the Senators,and Toporoff, down to those clean and correct gentlemen who satat the tables in the Ministry Office, were not at all troubled bythe fact that that in such a state of things the innocent had tosuffer, but were only concerned how to get rid of the reallydangerous, so that the rule that ten guilty should escape ratherthan that one innocent should be condemned was not observed, but,on the contrary, for the sake of getting rid of one reallydangerous person, ten who seemed dangerous were punished, as,when cutting a rotten piece out of anything, one has to cut awaysome that is good. + +This explanation seemed very simple and clear to Nekhludoff; butits very simplicity and clearness made him hesitate to accept it.Was it possible that so complicated a phenomenon could have sosimple and terrible an explanation? Was it possible that allthese words about justice, law, religion, and God, and so on,were mere words, hiding the coarsest cupidity and cruelty? + +CHAPTER XXVIII. + +THE MEANING OF MARIETTE'S ATTRACTION. + +Nekhludoff would have left Petersburg on the evening of the sameday, but he had promised Mariette to meet her at the theatre, andthough he knew that he ought not to keep that promise, hedeceived himself into the belief that it would not be right tobreak his word. + +"Am I capable of withstanding these temptations?" he askedhimself not quite honestly. "I shall try for the last time." + +He dressed in his evening clothes, and arrived at the theatreduring the second act of the eternal Dame aux Camelias, in whicha foreign actress once again, and in a novel manner, showed howwomen die of consumption. + +The theatre was quite full. Mariette's box was at once, and withgreat deference, shown to Nekhludoff at his request. A liveriedservant stood in the corridor outside; he bowed to Nekhludoff asto one whom he knew, and opened the door of the box. + +All the people who sat and stood in the boxes on the oppositeside, those who sat near and those who were in the parterre, withtheir grey, grizzly, bald, or curly heads--all were absorbed inwatching the thin, bony actress who, dressed in silks and laces,was wriggling before them, and speaking in an unnatural voice. + +Some one called "Hush!" when the door opened, and two streams,one of cool, the other of hot, air touched Nekhludoff's face. + +Mariette and a lady whom he did not know, with a red cape and abig, heavy head-dress, were in the box, and two men also,Mariette's husband, the General, a tall, handsome man with asevere, inscrutable countenance, a Roman nose, and a uniformpadded round the chest, and a fair man, with a bit of shaved chinbetween pompous whiskers. + +Mariette, graceful, slight, elegant, her low-necked dress showingher firm, shapely, slanting shoulders, with a little black molewhere they joined her neck, immediately turned, and pointed withher face to a chair behind her in an engaging manner, and smileda smile that seemed full of meaning to Nekhludoff. + +The husband looked at him in the quiet way in which he dideverything, and bowed. In the look he exchanged with his wife,the master, the owner of a beautiful woman, was to be seen atonce. + +When the monologue was over the theatre resounded with theclapping of hands. Mariette rose, and holding up her rustlingsilk skirt, went into the back of the box and introducedNekhludoff to her husband. + +The General, without ceasing to smile with his eyes, said he wasvery pleased, and then sat inscrutably silent. + +"I ought to have left to-day, had I not promised," saidNekhludoff to Mariette. + +"If you do not care to see me," said Mariette, in answer to whathis words implied, "you will see a wonderful actress. Was she notsplendid in the last scene?" she asked, turning to her husband. + +The husband bowed his head. + +"This sort of thing does not touch me," said Nekhludoff. "I haveseen so much real suffering lately that--" + +"Yes, sit down and tell me." + +The husband listened, his eyes smiling more and more ironically."I have been to see that woman whom they have set free, and whohas been kept in prison for so long; she is quite broken down." + +"That is the woman I spoke to you about," Mariette said to herhusband. + +"Oh, yes, I was very pleased that she could be set free," saidthe husband quietly, nodding and smiling under his moustache withevident irony, so it seemed to Nekhludoff. "I shall go and have asmoke." + +Nekhludoff sat waiting to hear what the something was thatMariette had to tell him. She said nothing, and did not even tryto say anything, but joked and spoke about the performance, whichshe thought ought to touch Nekhludoff. Nekhludoff saw that shehad nothing to tell, but only wished to show herself to him inall the splendour of her evening toilet, with her shoulders andlittle mole; and this was pleasant and yet repulsive to him. + +The charm that had veiled all this sort of thing from Nekhludoffwas not removed, but it was as if he could see what lay beneath.Looking at Mariette, he admired her, and yet he knew that she wasa liar, living with a husband who was making his career by meansof the tears and lives of hundreds and hundreds of people, andthat she was quite indifferent about it, and that all she hadsaid the day before was untrue. What she wanted--neither he norshe knew why--was to make him fall in love with her. This bothattracted and disgusted him. Several times, on the point of goingaway, he took up his hat, and then stayed on. + +But at last, when the husband returned with a strong smell oftobacco in his thick moustache, and looked at Nekhludoff with apatronising, contemptuous air, as if not recognising him,Nekhludoff left the box before the door was closed again, foundhis overcoat, and went out of the theatre. As he was walking homealong the Nevski, he could not help noticing a well-shaped andaggressively finely-dressed woman, who was quietly walking infront of him along the broad asphalt pavement. The consciousnessof her detestable power was noticeable in her face and the wholeof her figure. All who met or passed that woman looked at her.Nekhludoff walked faster than she did and, involuntarily, alsolooked her in the face. The face, which was probably painted, washandsome, and the woman looked at him with a smile and her eyessparkled. And, curiously enough, Nekhludoff was suddenly remindedof Mariette, because he again felt both attracted and disgustedjust as when in the theatre. + +Having hurriedly passed her, Nekhludoff turned off on to theMorskaya, and passed on to the embankment, where, to the surpriseof a policeman, he began pacing up and down the pavement. + +"The other one gave me just such a smile when I entered thetheatre," he thought, "and the meaning of the smile was the same.The only difference is, that this one said plainly, 'If you wantme, take me; if not, go your way,' and the other one pretendedthat she was not thinking of this, but living in some high andrefined state, while this was really at the root. Besides, thisone was driven to it by necessity, while the other amused herselfby playing with that enchanting, disgusting, frightful passion.This woman of the street was like stagnant, smelling wateroffered to those whose thirst was greater than their disgust;that other one in the theatre was like the poison which,unnoticed, poisons everything it gets into." + +Nekhludoff recalled his liaison with the Marechal's wife, andshameful memories rose before him. + +"The animalism of the brute nature in man is disgusting," thoughthe, "but as long as it remains in its naked form we observe itfrom the height of our spiritual life and despise it;and--whether one has fallen or resisted--one remains what one wasbefore. But when that same animalism hides under a cloak ofpoetry and aesthetic feeling and demands our worship--then we areswallowed up by it completely, and worship animalism, no longerdistinguishing good from evil. Then it is awful." + +Nekhludoff perceived all this now as clearly as he saw thepalace, the sentinels, the fortress, the river, the boats, andthe Stock Exchange. And just as on this northern summer nightthere was no restful darkness on the earth, but only a dismal,dull light coming from an invisible source, so in Nekhludoff'ssoul there was no longer the restful darkness, ignorance.Everything seemed clear. It was clear that everything consideredimportant and good was insignificant and repulsive, and that allthe glamour and luxury hid the old, well-known crimes, which notonly remained unpunished but were adorned with all the splendourwhich men were capable of inventing. + +Nekhludoff wished to forget all this, not to see it, but he couldno longer help seeing it. Though he could not see the source ofthe light which revealed it to him any more than he could see thesource of the light which lay over Petersburg; and though thelight appeared to him dull, dismal, and unnatural, yet he couldnot help seeing what it revealed, and he felt both joyful andanxious. + +CHAPTER XXIX. + +FOR HER SAKE AND FOR GOD'S. + +On his return to Moscow Nekhludoff went at once to the prisonhospital to bring Maslova the sad news that the Senate hadconfirmed the decision of the Court, and that she must prepare togo to Siberia. He had little hope of the success of his petitionto the Emperor, which the advocate had written for him, and whichhe now brought with him for Maslova to sign. And, strange to say,he did not at present even wish to succeed; he had got used tothe thought of going to Siberia and living among the exiled andthe convicts, and he could not easily picture to himself how hislife and Maslova's would shape if she were acquitted. Heremembered the thought of the American writer, Thoreau, who atthe time when slavery existed in America said that "under agovernment that imprisons any unjustly the true place for a justman is also a prison." Nekhludoff, especially after his visit toPetersburg and all he discovered there, thought in the same way. + +"Yes, the only place befitting an honest man in Russia at thepresent time is a prison," he thought, and even felt that thisapplied to him personally, when he drove up to the prison andentered its walls. + +The doorkeeper recognised Nekhludoff, and told him at once thatMaslova was no longer there. + +"Where is she, then?" + +"In the cell again." + +"Why has she been removed?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"Oh, your excellency, what are such people?" said the doorkeeper,contemptuously. "She's been carrying on with the medicalassistant, so the head doctor ordered her back." + +Nekhludoff had had no idea how near Maslova and the state of hermind were to him. He was stunned by the news. + +He felt as one feels at the news of a great and unforeseenmisfortune, and his pain was very severe. His first feeling wasone of shame. He, with his joyful idea of the change that heimagined was going on in her soul, now seemed ridiculous in hisown eyes. He thought that all her pretence of not wishing toaccept his sacrifice, all the reproaches and tears, were only thedevices of a depraved woman, who wished to use him to the bestadvantage. He seemed to remember having seen signs of obduracy athis last interview with her. All this flashed through his mind ashe instinctively put on his hat and left the hospital. + +"What am I to do now? Am I still bound to her? Has this action ofhers not set me free?" And as he put these questions to himselfhe knew at once that if he considered himself free, and threw herup, he would be punishing himself, and not her, which was what hewished to do, and he was seized with fear. + +"No, what has happened cannot alter--it can only strengthen myresolve. Let her do what flows from the state her mind is in. Ifit is carrying on with the medical assistant, let her carry onwith the medical assistant; that is her business. I must do whatmy conscience demands of me. And my conscience expects me tosacrifice my freedom. My resolution to marry her, if only inform, and to follow wherever she may be sent, remainsunalterable." Nekhludoff said all this to himself with viciousobstinacy as he left the hospital and walked with resolute stepstowards the big gates of the prison. He asked the warder on dutyat the gate to inform the inspector that he wished to seeMaslova. The warder knew Nekhludoff, and told him of an importantchange that had taken place in the prison. The old inspector hadbeen discharged, and a new, very severe official appointed in hisplace. + +"They are so strict nowadays, it's just awful," said the jailer."He is in here; they will let him know directly." + +The new inspector was in the prison and soon came to Nekhludoff.He was a tall, angular man, with high cheek bones, morose, andvery slow in his movements. + +"Interviews are allowed in the visiting room on the appointeddays," he said, without looking at Nekhludoff. + +"But I have a petition to the Emperor, which I want signed." + +"You can give it to me." + +"I must see the prisoner myself. I was always allowed to before." + +"That was so, before," said the inspector, with a furtive glanceat Nekhludoff. + +"I have a permission from the governor," insisted Nekhludoff, andtook out his pocket-book. + +"Allow me," said the inspector, taking the paper from Nekhludoffwith his long, dry, white fingers, on the first of which was agold ring, still without looking him in the eyes. He read thepaper slowly. "Step into the office, please." + +This time the office was empty. The inspector sat down by thetable and began sorting some papers that lay on it, evidentlyintending to be present at the interview. + +When Nekhludoff asked whether he might see the politicalprisoner, Doukhova, the inspector answered, shortly, that hecould not. "Interviews with political prisoners are notpermitted," he said, and again fixed his attention on his papers.With a letter to Doukhova in his pocket, Nekhludoff felt as if hehad committed some offence, and his plans had been discovered andfrustrated. + +When Maslova entered the room the inspector raised his head, and,without looking at either her or Nekhludoff, remarked: "You maytalk," and went on sorting his papers. Maslova had again thewhite jacket, petticoat and kerchief on. When she came up toNekhludoff and saw his cold, hard look, she blushed scarlet, andcrumbling the hem of her jacket with her hand, she cast down hereyes. Her confusion, so it seemed to Nekhludoff, confirmed thehospital doorkeeper's words. + +Nekhludoff had meant to treat her in the same way as before, butcould not bring himself to shake hands with her, so disgustingwas she to him now. + +"I have brought you had news," he said, in a monotonous voice,without looking at her or taking her hand. "The Senate hasrefused." + +"I knew it would," she said, in a strange tone, as if she weregasping for breath. + +Formerly Nekhludoff would have asked why she said she knew itwould; now he only looked at her. Her eyes were full of tears.But this did not soften him; it roused his irritation against hereven more. + +The inspector rose and began pacing up and down the room. + +In spite of the disgust Nekhludoff was feeling at the moment, heconsidered it right to express his regret at the Senate'sdecision. + +"You must not despair," he said. "The petition to the Emperor maymeet with success, and I hope---" + +"I'm not thinking of that," she said, looking piteously at himwith her wet, squinting eyes. + +"What is it, then?" + +"You have been to the hospital, and they have most likely toldyou about me--" + +"What of that? That is your affair," said Nekhludoff coldly, andfrowned. The cruel feeling of wounded pride that had quieted downrose with renewed force when she mentioned the hospital. + +"He, a man of the world, whom any girl of the best families wouldthink it happiness to marry, offered himself as a husband to thiswoman, and she could not even wait, but began intriguing with themedical assistant," thought he, with a look of hatred. + +"Here, sign this petition," he said, taking a large envelope fromhis pocket, and laying the paper on the table. She wiped thetears with a corner of her kerchief, and asked what to write andwhere. + +He showed her, and she sat down and arranged the cuff of herright sleeve with her left hand; he stood behind her, andsilently looked at her back, which shook with suppressed emotion,and evil and good feelings were fighting in his breast--feelingsof wounded pride and of pity for her who was suffering--and thelast feeling was victorious. + +He could not remember which came first; did the pity for herfirst enter his heart, or did he first remember his own sins--hisown repulsive actions, the very same for which he was condemningher? Anyhow, he both felt himself guilty and pitied her. + +Having signed the petition and wiped her inky finger on herpetticoat, she got up and looked at him. + +"Whatever happens, whatever comes of it, my resolve remainsunchanged," said Nekhludoff. The thought that he had forgiven herheightened his feeling of pity and tenderness for her, and hewished to comfort her. "I will do what I have said; wherever theytake you I shall be with you." + +"What's the use?" she interrupted hurriedly, though her wholeface lighted up. + +Think what you will want on the way--" + +"I don't know of anything in particular, thank you." + +The inspector came up, and without waiting for a remark from himNekhludoff took leave, and went out with peace, joy, and lovetowards everybody in his heart such as he had never felt before.The certainty that no action of Maslova could change his love forher filled him with joy and raised him to a level which he hadnever before attained. Let her intrigue with the medicalassistant; that was her business. He loved her not for his ownbut for her sake and for God's. + +And this intrigue, for which Maslova was turned out of thehospital, and of which Nekhludoff believed she was really guilty,consisted of the following: + +Maslova was sent by the head nurse to get some herb tea from thedispensary at the end of the corridor, and there, all alone, shefound the medical assistant, a tall man, with a blotchy face, whohad for a long time been bothering her. In trying to get awayfrom him Maslova gave him such a push that he knocked his headagainst a shelf, from which two bottles fell and broke. The headdoctor, who was passing at that moment, heard the sound ofbreaking glass, and saw Maslova run out, quite red, and shoutedto her: + +"Ah, my good woman, if you start intriguing here, I'll send youabout your business. What is the meaning of it?" he went on,addressing the medical assistant, and looking at him over hisspectacles. + +The assistant smiled, and began to justify himself. The doctorgave no heed to him, but, lifting his head so that he now lookedthrough his spectacles, he entered the ward. He told theinspector the same day to send another more sedateassistant-nurse in Maslova's place. And this was her "intrigue"with the medical assistant. + +Being turned out for a love intrigue was particularly painful toMaslova, because the relations with men, which had long beenrepulsive to her, had become specially disgusting after meetingNekhludoff. The thought that, judging her by her past and presentposition, every man, the blotchy assistant among them, consideredhe had a right to offend her, and was surprised at her refusal,hurt her deeply, and made her pity herself and brought tears toher eyes. + +When she went out to Nekhludoff this time she wished to clearherself of the false charge which she knew he would certainlyhave heard about. But when she began to justify herself she felthe did not believe her, and that her excuses would onlystrengthen his suspicions; tears choked her, and she was silent. + +Maslova still thought and continued to persuade herself that shehad never forgiven him, and hated him, as she told him at theirsecond interview, but in reality she loved him again, and lovedhim so that she did all he wished her to do; left off drinking,smoking, coquetting, and entered the hospital because she knew hewished it. And if every time he reminded her of it, she refusedso decidedly to accept his sacrifice and marry him, it wasbecause she liked repeating the proud words she had once uttered,and because she knew that a marriage with her would be amisfortune for him. + +She had resolutely made up her mind that she would not accept hissacrifice, and yet the thought that he despised her and believedthat she still was what she had been, and did not notice thechange that had taken place in her, was very painful. That hecould still think she had done wrong while in the hospitaltormented her more than the news that her sentence was confirmed. + +CHAPTER XXX. + +THE ASTONISHING INSTITUTION CALLED CRIMINAL LAW. + +Maslova might be sent off with the first gang of prisoners,therefore Nekhludoff got ready for his departure. But there wasso much to be done that he felt that he could not finish it,however much time he might have. It was quite different now fromwhat it had been. Formerly he used to be obliged to look for anoccupation, the interest of which always centred in one person,i.e., Dmitri Ivanovitch Nekhludoff, and yet, though everyinterest of his life was thus centred, all these occupations werevery wearisome. Now all his occupations related to other peopleand not to Dmitri Ivanovitch, and they were all interesting andattractive, and there was no end to them. Nor was this all.Formerly Dmitri Ivanovitch Nekhludoff's occupations always madehim feel vexed and irritable; now they produced a joyful state ofmind. The business at present occupying Nekhludoff could bedivided under three headings. He himself, with his usualpedantry, divided it in that way, and accordingly kept the papersreferring to it in three different portfolios. The first referredto Maslova, and was chiefly that of taking steps to get herpetition to the Emperor attended to, and preparing for herprobable journey to Siberia. + +The second was about his estates. In Panovo he had given the landto the peasants on condition of their paying rent to be put totheir own communal use. But he had to confirm this transaction bya legal deed, and to make his will, in accordance with it. InKousminski the state of things was still as he had first arrangedit, i.e., he was to receive the rent; but the terms had to befixed, and also how much of the money he would use to live on,and how much he would leave for the peasants' use. As he did notknow what his journey to Siberia would cost him, he could notdecide to lose this revenue altogether, though he reduced theincome from it by half. + +The third part of his business was to help the convicts, whoapplied more and more often to him. At first when he came incontact with the prisoners, and they appealed to him for help, heat once began interceding for them, hoping to lighten their fate,but he soon had so many applications that he felt theimpossibility of attending to all of them, and that naturally ledhim to take up another piece of work, which at last roused hisinterest even more than the three first. This new part of hisbusiness was finding an answer to the following questions: Whatwas this astonishing institution called criminal law, of whichthe results were that in the prison, with some of the inmates ofwhich he had lately become acquainted, and in all those otherplaces of confinement, from the Peter and Paul Fortress inPetersburg to the island of Sakhalin, hundreds and thousands ofvictims were pining? What did this strange criminal law existfor? How had it originated? + +From his personal relations with the prisoners, from notes bysome of those in confinement, and by questioning the advocate andthe prison priest, Nekhludoff came to the conclusion that theconvicts, the so-called criminals, could be divided into fiveclasses. The first were quite innocent people, condemned byjudicial blunder. Such were the Menshoffs, supposed to beincendiaries, Maslova, and others. There were not many of these;according to the priest's words, only seven per cent., but theircondition excited particular interest. + +To the second class belong persons condemned for actions doneunder peculiar circumstances, i.e., in a fit of passion, jealousy,or drunkenness, circumstances under which those who judged themwould surely have committed the same actions. + +The third class consisted of people punished for having committedactions which, according to their understanding, were quitenatural, and even good, but which those other people, the men whomade the laws, considered to be crimes. Such were the persons whosold spirits without a license, smugglers, those who gatheredgrass and wood on large estates and in the forests belonging tothe Crown; the thieving miners; and those unbelieving people whorobbed churches. + +To the fourth class belonged those who were imprisoned onlybecause they stood morally higher than the average level ofsociety. Such were the Sectarians, the Poles, the Circassiansrebelling in order to regain their independence, the politicalprisoners, the Socialists, the strikers condemned forwithstanding the authorities. There was, according toNekhludoff's observations, a very large percentage belonging tothis class; among them some of the best of men. + +The fifth class consisted of persons who had been far more sinnedagainst by society than they had sinned against it. These werecastaways, stupefied by continual oppression and temptation, suchas the boy who had stolen the rugs, and hundreds of others whomNekhludoff had seen in the prison and out of it. The conditionsunder which they lived seemed to lead on systematically to thoseactions which are termed crimes. A great many thieves andmurderers with whom he had lately come in contact, according toNekhludoff's estimate, belonged to this class. To this classNekhludoff also reckoned those depraved, demoralised creatureswhom the new school of criminology classify as the criminal type,and the existence of which is considered to be the chief proof ofthe necessity of criminal law and punishment. This demoralised,depraved, abnormal type was, according to Nekhludoff, exactly thesame as that against whom society had sinned, only here societyhad sinned not directly against them, but against their parentsand forefathers. + +Among this latter class Nekhludoff was specially struck by oneOkhotin, an inveterate thief, the illegitimate son of aprostitute, brought up in a doss-house, who, up to the age of 30,had apparently never met with any one whose morality was abovethat of a policeman, and who had got into a band of thieves whenquite young. He was gifted with an extraordinary sense of humour,by means of which he made himself very attractive. He askedNekhludoff for protection, at the same time making fun ofhimself, the lawyers, the prison, and laws human and divine. + +Another was the handsome Fedoroff, who, with a band of robbers,of whom he was the chief, had robbed and murdered an old man, anofficial. Fedoroff was a peasant, whose father had beenunlawfully deprived of his house, and who, later on, when servingas a soldier, had suffered much because he had fallen in lovewith an officer's mistress. He had a fascinating, passionatenature, that longed for enjoyment at any cost. He had never metanybody who restrained himself for any cause whatever, and hadnever heard a word about any aim in life other than enjoyment. + +Nekhludoff distinctly saw that both these men were richly endowedby nature, but had been neglected and crippled like uncared-forplants. + +He had also met a tramp and a woman who had repelled him by theirdulness and seeming cruelty, but even in them he could find notrace of the criminal type written about by the Italian school,but only saw in them people who were repulsive to him personally,just in the same way as some he had met outside the prison, inswallow-tail coats wearing epaulettes, or bedecked with lace. Andso the investigation of the reasons why all these very differentpersons were put in prison, while others just like them weregoing about free and even judging them, formed a fourth task forNekhludoff. + +He hoped to find an answer to this question in books, and boughtall that referred to it. He got the works of Lombroso, Garofalo,Ferry, List, Maudsley, Tard, and read them carefully. But as heread he became more and more disappointed. It happened to him asit always happens to those who turn to science not in order toplay a part in it, nor to write, nor to dispute, nor to teach,but simply for an answer to an every-day question of life.Science answered thousands of different very subtle and ingeniousquestions touching criminal law, but not the one he was trying tosolve. He asked a very simple question: "Why, and with whatright, do some people lock up, torment, exile, flog, and killothers, while they are themselves just like those whom theytorment, flog, and kill?" And in answer he got deliberations asto whether human beings had free will or not. Whether signs ofcriminality could be detected by measuring the skulls or not.What part heredity played in crime. Whether immorality could beinherited. What madness is, what degeneration is, and whattemperament is. How climate, food, ignorance, imitativeness,hypnotism, or passion act. What society is. What are its duties,etc., etc. + +These disquisitions reminded him of the answer he once got from alittle boy whom he met coming home from school. Nekhludoff askedhim if he had learned his spelling. + +"I have," answered the boy. + +"Well, then, tell me, how do you spell 'leg'? + +"A dog's leg, or what kind of leg?" the boy answered, with a slylook. + +Answers in the form of new questions, like the boy's, was allNekhludoff got in reply to his one primary question. He foundmuch that was clever, learned much that was interesting, but whathe did not find was an answer to the principal question: By whatright some people punish others? + +Not only did he not find any answer, but all the arguments werebrought forward in order to explain and vindicate punishment, thenecessity of which was taken as an axiom. + +Nekhludoff read much, but only in snatches, and putting down hisfailure to this superficial way of reading, hoped to find theanswer later on. He would not allow himself to believe in thetruth of the answer which began, more and more often, to presentitself to him. + +CHAPTER XXXI. + +NEKHLUDOFF'S SISTER AND HER HUSBAND. + +The gang of prisoners, with Maslova among them, was to start onthe 5th July. Nekhludoff arranged to start on the same day. + +The day before, Nekhludoff's sister and her husband came to townto see him. + +Nekhludoff's sister, Nathalie Ivanovna Rogozhinsky, was 10 yearsolder than her brother. She had been very fond of him when he wasa boy, and later on, just before her marriage, they grew veryclose to each other, as if they were equals, she being a youngwoman of 25, he a lad of 15. At that time she was in love withhis friend, Nikolenka Irtenieff, since dead. They both lovedNikolenka, and loved in him and in themselves that which is good,and which unites all men. Since then they had both been depraved,he by military service and a vicious life, she by marriage with aman whom she loved with a sensual love, who did not care for thethings that had once been so dear and holy to her and to herbrother, nor even understand the meaning of those aspirationstowards moral perfection and the service of mankind, which onceconstituted her life, and put them down to ambition and the wishto show off; that being the only explanation comprehensible tohim. + +Nathalie's husband had been a man without a name and withoutmeans, but cleverly steering towards Liberalism or Conservatism,according to which best suited his purpose, he managed to make acomparatively brilliant judicial career. Some peculiarity whichmade him attractive to women assisted him when he was no longerin his first youth. While travelling abroad he made Nekhludoff'sacquaintance, and managed to make Nathalie, who was also nolonger a girl, fall in love with him, rather against her mother'swishes who considered a marriage with him to be a misalliance forher daughter. Nekhludoff, though he tried to hide it fromhimself, though he fought against it, hated his brother-in-law. + +Nekhludoff had a strong antipathy towards him because of thevulgarity of his feelings, his assurance and narrowness, butchiefly because of Nathalie, who managed to love him in spite ofthe narrowness of his nature, and loved him so selfishly, sosensually, and stifled for his sake all the good that had been inher. + +It always hurt Nekhludoff to think of Nathalie as the wife ofthat hairy, self-assured man with the shiny, bald patch on hishead. He could not even master a feeling of revulsion towardstheir children, and when he heard that she was again going tohave a baby, he felt something like sorrow that she had once morebeen infected with something bad by this man who was so foreignto him. The Rogozhinskys had come to Moscow alone, having lefttheir two children--a boy and a girl--at home, and stopped in thebest rooms of the best hotel. Nathalie at once went to hermother's old house, but hearing from Agraphena Petrovna that herbrother had left, and was living in a lodging-house, she drovethere. The dirty servant met her in the stuffy passage, dark butfor a lamp which burnt there all day. He told her that the Princewas not in. + +Nathalie asked to be shown into his rooms, as she wished to leavea note for him, and the man took her up. + +Nathalie carefully examined her brother's two little rooms. Shenoticed in everything the love of cleanliness and order she knewso well in him, and was struck by the novel simplicity of thesurroundings. On his writing-table she saw the paper-weight withthe bronze dog on the top which she remembered; the tidy way inwhich his different portfolios and writing utensils were placedon the table was also familiar, and so was the large, crookedivory paper knife which marked the place in a French book byTard, which lay with other volumes on punishment and a book inEnglish by Henry George. She sat down at the table and wrote anote asking him to be sure to come that same day, and shaking herhead in surprise at what she saw, she returned to her hotel. + +Two questions regarding her brother now interested Nathalie: hismarriage with Katusha, which she had heard spoken about in theirtown--for everybody was speaking about it--and his giving awaythe land to the peasants, which was also known, and struck manyas something of a political nature, and dangerous. The Carriagewith Katusha pleased her in a way. She admired that resolutenesswhich was so like him and herself as they used to be in thosehappy times before her marriage. And yet she was horrified whenshe thought her brother was going to marry such a dreadful woman.The latter was the stronger feeling of the two, and she decidedto use all her influence to prevent him from doing it, though sheknew how difficult this would be. + +The other matter, the giving up of the land to the peasants, didnot touch her so nearly, but her husband was very indignant aboutit, and expected her to influence her brother against it. + +Rogozhinsky said that such an action was the height ofinconsistency, flightiness, and pride, the only possibleexplanation of which was the desire to appear original, to brag,to make one's self talked about. + +"What sense could there be in letting the land to the peasants,on condition that they pay the rent to themselves?" he said. "Ifhe was resolved to do such a thing, why not sell the land to themthrough the Peasants' Bank? There might have been some sense inthat. In fact, this act verges on insanity." + +And Rogozhinsky began seriously thinking about putting Nekhludoffunder guardianship, and demanded of his wife that she shouldspeak seriously to her brother about his curious intention. + +CHAPTER XXXII. + +NEKHLUDOFF'S ANARCHISM. + +As soon as Nekhludoff returned that evening and saw his sister'snote on the table he started to go and see her. He found Nathaliealone, her husband having gone to take a rest in the next room.She wore a tightly-fitting black silk dress, with a red bow infront. Her black hair was crimped and arranged according to thelatest fashion. + +The pains she took to appear young, for the sake of her husband,whose equal she was in years, were very obvious. + +When she saw her brother she jumped up and hurried towards him,with her silk dress rustling. They kissed, and looked smilinglyat each other. There passed between them that mysterious exchangeof looks, full of meaning, in which all was true, and whichcannot be expressed in words. Then came words which were nottrue. They had not met since their mother's death. + +"You have grown stouter and younger," he said, and her lipspuckered up with pleasure. + +"And you have grown thinner." + +"Well, and how is your husband?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"He is taking a rest; he did not sleep all night." There was muchto say, but it was not said in words; only their looks expressedwhat their words failed to say. + +"I went to see you." + +"Yes, I know. I moved because the house is too big for me. I waslonely there, and dull. I want nothing of all that is there, sothat you had better take it all--the furniture, I mean, andthings." + +"Yes, Agraphena Petrovna told me. I went there. Thanks, verymuch. But--" + +At this moment the hotel waiter brought in a silver tea-set.While he set the table they were silent. Then Nathalie sat downat the table and made the tea, still in silence. Nekhludoff alsosaid nothing. + +At last Nathalie began resolutely. "Well, Dmitri, I know allabout it." And she looked at him. + +"What of that? l am glad you know." + +"How can you hope to reform her after the life she has led?" sheasked. + +He sat quite straight on a small chair, and listened attentively,trying to understand her and to answer rightly. The state of mindcalled forth in him by his last interview with Maslova stillfilled his soul with quiet joy and good will to all men. + +"It is not her but myself I wish to reform," he replied. + +Nathalie sighed. + +"There are other means besides marriage to do that." + +"But I think it is the best. Besides, it leads me into that worldin which I can be of use." + +"I cannot believe you will be happy," said Nathalie. + +"It's not my happiness that is the point." + +"Of course, but if she has a heart she cannot be happy--cannoteven wish it." + +"She does not wish it." + +"I understand; but life--" + +"Yes--life?" + +"Demands something different." + +"It demands nothing but that we should do what is right," saidNekhludoff, looking into her face, still handsome, thoughslightly wrinkled round eyes and mouth. + +"I do not understand," she said, and sighed. + +"Poor darling; how could she change so?" he thought, calling backto his mind Nathalie as she had been before her marriage, andfeeling towards her a tenderness woven out of innumerablememories of childhood. At that moment Rogozhinsky entered theroom, with head thrown back and expanded chest, and steppinglightly and softly in his usual manner, his spectacles, his baldpatch, and his black beard all glistening. + +"How do you do? How do you do?" he said, laying an unnatural andintentional stress on his words. (Though, soon after themarriage, they had tried to be more familiar with each other,they had never succeeded.) + +They shook hands, and Rogozhinsky sank softly into an easy-chair. + +"Am I not interrupting your conversation?" + +"No, I do not wish to hide what I am saying or doing from anyone." + +As soon as Nekhludoff saw the hairy hands, and heard thepatronising, self-assured tones, his meekness left him in amoment. + +"Yes, we were talking about his intentions," said Nathalie."Shall I give you a cup of tea?" she added, taking the teapot. + +"Yes, please. What particular intentions do you mean?" + +That of going to Siberia with the gang of prisoners, among whomis the woman I consider myself to have wronged," utteredNekhludoff. + +"I hear not only to accompany her, but more than that." + +"Yes, and to marry her if she wishes it." + +"Dear me! But if you do not object I should like to ask you toexplain your motives. I do not understand them." + +"My motives are that this woman--that this woman's first step onher way to degradation--" Nekhludoff got angry with himself, andwas unable to find the right expression. "My motives are that Iam the guilty one, and she gets the punishment." + +"If she is being punished she cannot be innocent, either." + +"She is quite innocent." And Nekhludoff related the wholeincident with unnecessary warmth. + +"Yes, that was a case of carelessness on the part of thepresident, the result of which was a thoughtless answer on thepart of the jury; but there is the Senate for cases like that." + +"The Senate has rejected the appeal." + +"Well, if the Senate has rejected it, there cannot have beensufficient reasons for an appeal," said Rogozhinsky, evidentlysharing the prevailing opinion that truth is the product ofjudicial decrees. "The Senate cannot enter into the question onits merits. If there is a real mistake, the Emperor should bepetitioned." + +"That has been done, but there is no probability of success. Theywill apply to the Department of the Ministry, the Department willconsult the Senate, the Senate will repeat its decision, and, asusual, the innocent will get punished." + +"In the first place, the Department of the Ministry won't consultthe Senate," said Rogozhinsky, with a condescending smile; "itwill give orders for the original deeds to be sent from the LawCourt, and if it discovers a mistake it will decide accordingly.And, secondly, the innocent are never punished, or at least invery rare, exceptional cases. It is the guilty who are punished,"Rogozhinsky said deliberately, and smiled self-complacently. + +"And I have become fully convinced that most of those condemnedby law are innocent." + +"How's that? + +"Innocent in the literal sense. Just as this woman is innocent ofpoisoning any one; as innocent as a peasant I have just come toknow, of the murder he never committed; as a mother and son whowere on the point of being condemned for incendiarism, which wascommitted by the owner of the house that was set on fire." + +"Well, of course there always have been and always will bejudicial errors. Human institutions cannot be perfect." + +"And, besides, there are a great many people convicted who areinnocent of doing anything considered wrong by the society theyhave grown up in." + +"Excuse me, this is not so; every thief knows that stealing iswrong, and that we should not steal; that it is immoral," saidRogozhinsky, with his quiet, self-assured, slightly contemptuoussmile, which specially irritated Nekhludoff. + +"No, he does not know it; they say to him 'don't steal,' and heknows that the master of the factory steals his labour by keepingback his wages; that the Government, with its officials, robs himcontinually by taxation." + +"Why, this is anarchism," Rogozhinsky said, quietly defining hisbrother-in-law's words. + +"I don't know what it is; I am only telling you the truth,"Nekhludoff continued. "He knows that the Government is robbinghim, knows that we landed proprietors have robbed him long since,robbed him of the land which should be the common property ofall, and then, if he picks up dry wood to light his fire on thatland stolen from him, we put him in jail, and try to persuade himthat he is a thief. Of course he knows that not he but those whorobbed him of the land are thieves, and that to get anyrestitution of what has been robbed is his duty towards hisfamily." + +"I don't understand, or if I do I cannot agree with it. The landmust be somebody's property," began Rogozhinsky quietly, and,convinced that Nekhludoff was a Socialist, and that Socialismdemands that all the land should be divided equally, that such adivision would be very foolish, and that he could easily prove itto be so, he said. "If you divided it equally to-day, it wouldto-morrow be again in the hands of the most industrious andclever." + +"Nobody is thinking of dividing the land equally. The land mustnot be anybody's property; must not be a thing to be bought andsold or rented." + +"The rights of property are inborn in man; without them thecultivation of land would present no interest. Destroy the rightsof property and we lapse into barbarism." Rogozhinsky utteredthis authoritatively, repeating the usual argument in favour ofprivate ownership of land which is supposed to be irrefutable,based on the assumption that people's desire to possess landproves that they need it. + +"On the contrary, only when the land is nobody's property will itcease to lie idle, as it does now, while the landlords, like dogsin the manger, unable themselves to put it to use, will not letthose use it who are able." + +"But, Dmitri Ivanovitch, what you are saying is sheer madness. Isit possible to abolish property in land in our age? I know it isyour old hobby. But allow me to tell you straight," andRogozhinsky grew pale, and his voice trembled. It was evidentthat this question touched him very nearly. "I should advise youto consider this question well before attempting to solve itpractically." + +"Are you speaking of my personal affairs?" + +"Yes, I hold that we who are placed in special circumstancesshould bear the responsibilities which spring from thosecircumstances, should uphold the conditions in which we wereborn, and which we have inherited from our predecessors, andwhich we ought to pass on to our descendants." + +"I consider it my duty--" + +"Wait a bit," said Rogozhinsky, not permitting the interruption."I am not speaking for myself or my children. The position of mychildren is assured, and I earn enough for us to livecomfortably, and I expect my children will live so too, so thatmy interest in your action--which, if you will allow me to sayso, is not well considered--is not based on personal motives; itis on principle that I cannot agree with you. I should advise youto think it well over, to read---?" + +"Please allow me to settle my affairs, and to choose what to readand what not to read, myself," said Nekhludoff, turning pale.Feeling his hands grow cold, and that he was no longer master ofhimself, he stopped, and began drinking his tea. + +CHAPTER XXXIII. + +THE AIM OF THE LAW. + +"Well, and how are the children?" Nekhludoff asked his sisterwhen he was calmer. The sister told him about the children. Shesaid they were staying with their grandmother (their father'smother), and, pleased that his dispute with her husband had cometo an end, she began telling him how her children played thatthey were travelling, just as he used to do with his three dolls,one of them a negro and another which he called the French lady. + +"Can you really remember it all?" said Nekhludoff, smiling. + +"Yes, and just fancy, they play in the very same way." + +The unpleasant conversation had been brought to an end, andNathalie was quieter, but she did not care to talk in herhusband's presence of what could be comprehensible only to herbrother, so, wishing to start a general conversation, she begantalking about the sorrow of Kamenski's mother at losing her onlyson, who had fallen in a duel, for this Petersburg topic of theday had now reached Moscow. Rogozhinsky expressed disapproval atthe state of things that excluded murder in a duel from theordinary criminal offences. This remark evoked a rejoinder fromNekhludoff, and a new dispute arose on the subject. Nothing wasfully explained, neither of the antagonists expressed all he hadin his mind, each keeping to his conviction, which condemned theother. Rogozhinsky felt that Nekhludoff condemned him anddespised his activity, and he wished to show him the injustice ofhis opinions. + +Nekhludoff, on the other hand, felt provoked by hisbrother-in-law's interference in his affairs concerning the land.And knowing in his heart of hearts that his sister, her husband,and their children, as his heirs, had a right to do so, wasindignant that this narrow-minded man persisted with calmassurance to regard as just and lawful what Nekhludoff no longerdoubted was folly and crime. + +This man's arrogance annoyed Nekhludoff. + +"What could the law do?" he asked. + +"It could sentence one of the two duellists to the mines like anordinary murderer." + +Nekhludoff's hands grew cold. + +"Well, and what good would that be?" he asked, hotly. + +"It would be just." + +"As if justice were the aim of the law," said Nekhludoff. + +"What else?" + +"The upholding of class interests! I think the law is only aninstrument for upholding the existing order of things beneficialto our class." + +"This is a perfectly new view," said Rogozhinsky with a quietsmile; "the law is generally supposed to have a totally differentaim." + +"Yes, so it has in theory but not in practice, as I have foundout. The law aims only at preserving the present state of things,and therefore it persecutes and executes those who stand abovethe ordinary level and wish to raise it--the so-called politicalprisoners, as well as those who are below the average--theso-called criminal types." + +"I do not agree with you. In the first place, I cannot admit thatthe criminals classed as political are punished because they areabove the average. In most cases they are the refuse of society,just as much perverted, though in a different way, as thecriminal types whom you consider below the average." + +"But I happen to know men who are morally far above their judges;all the sectarians are moral, from--" + +But Rogozhinsky, a man not accustomed to be interrupted when hespoke, did not listen to Nekhludoff, but went on talking at thesame time, thereby irritating him still more. + +"Nor can I admit that the object of the law is the upholding ofthe present state of things. The law aims at reforming--" + +"A nice kind of reform, in a prison!" Nekhludoff put in. + +"Or removing," Rogozhinsky went on, persistently, "the pervertedand brutalised persons that threaten society." + +"That's just what it doesn't do. Society has not the means ofdoing either the one thing or the other." + +"How is that? I don't understand," said Rogozhinsky with a forcedsmile. + +"I mean that only two reasonable kinds of punishment exist. Thoseused in the old days: corporal and capital punishment, which, ashuman nature gradually softens, come more and more into disuse,"said Nekhludoff. + +"There, now, this is quite new and very strange to hear from yourlips." + +"Yes, it is reasonable to hurt a man so that he should not do infuture what he is hurt for doing, and it is also quite reasonableto cut a man's head off when he is injurious or dangerous tosociety. These punishments have a reasonable meaning. But whatsense is there in locking up in a prison a man perverted by wantof occupation and bad example; to place him in a position wherehe is provided for, where laziness is imposed on him, and wherehe is in company with the most perverted of men? What reason isthere to take a man at public cost (it comes to more than 500roubles per head) from the Toula to the Irkoatsk government, orfrom Koursk--" + +"Yes, but all the same, people are afraid of those journeys atpublic cost, and if it were not for such journeys and theprisons, you and I would not be sitting here as we are." + +"The prisons cannot insure our safety, because these people donot stay there for ever, but are set free again. On the contrary,in those establishments men are brought to the greatest vice anddegradation, so that the danger is increased." + +"You mean to say that the penitentiary system should beimproved." + +"It cannot he improved. Improved prisons would cost more than allthat is being now spent on the people's education, and would laya still heavier burden on the people." + +"The shortcomings of the penitentiary system in nowise invalidatethe law itself," Rogozhinsky continued again, without heeding hisbrother-in-law. + +"There is no remedy for these shortcomings," said Nekhludoff,raising his voice. + +"What of that? Shall we therefore go and kill, or, as a certainstatesman proposed, go putting out people's eyes?" Rogozhinskyremarked. + +"Yes; that would be cruel, but it would be effective. What isdone now is cruel, and not only ineffective, but so stupid thatone cannot understand how people in their senses can take part inso absurd and cruel a business as criminal law." + +"But I happen to take part in it," said Rogozhinsky, growingpale. + +"That is your business. But to me it is incomprehensible." + +"I think there are a good many things incomprehensible to you,"said Rogozhinsky, with a trembling voice. + +"I have seen how one public prosecutor did his very best to getan unfortunate boy condemned, who could have evoked nothing butsympathy in an unperverted mind. I know how anothercross-examined a sectarian and put down the reading of theGospels as a criminal offence; in fact, the whole business of theLaw Courts consists in senseless and cruel actions of that sort." + +"I should not serve if I thought so," said Rogozhinsky, rising. + +Nekhludoff noticed a peculiar glitter under his brother-in-law'sspectacles. "Can it be tears?" he thought. And they were reallytears of injured pride. Rogozhinsky went up to the window, gotout his handkerchief, coughed and rubbed his spectacles, tookthem off, and wiped his eyes. + +When he returned to the sofa he lit a cigar, and did not speakany more. + +Nekhludoff felt pained and ashamed of having offended hisbrother-in-law and his sister to such a degree, especially as hewas going away the next day. + +He parted with them in confusion, and drove home. + +"All I have said may be true--anyhow he did not reply. But it wasnot said in the right way. How little I must have changed if Icould be carried away by ill-feeling to such an extent as to hurtand wound poor Nathalie in such a way!" he thought. + +CHAPTER XXXIV. + +THE PRISONERS START FOR SIBERIA. + +The gang of prisoners, among whom was Maslova, was to leaveMoscow by rail at 3 p.m.; therefore, in order to see the gangstart, and walk to the station with the prisoners Nekhludoffmeant to reach the prison before 12 o'clock. + +The night before, as he was packing up and sorting his papers, hecame upon his diary, and read some bits here and there. The lastbit written before he left for Petersburg ran thus: "Katushadoes not wish to accept my sacrifice; she wishes to make asacrifice herself. She has conquered, and so have I. She makes mehappy by the inner change, which seems to me, though I fear tobelieve it, to be going on in her. I fear to believe it, yet sheseems to be coming back to life." Then further on he read. "Ihave lived through something very hard and very joyful. I learntthat she has behaved very badly in the hospital, and I suddenlyfelt great pain. I never expected that it could be so painful. Ispoke to her with loathing and hatred, then all of a sudden Icalled to mind how many times I have been, and even still am,though but in thought, guilty of the thing that I hated her for,and immediately I became disgusting to myself, and pitied her andfelt happy again. If only we could manage to see the beam in ourown eye in time, how kind we should be." Then he wrote: "I havebeen to see Nathalie, and again self-satisfaction made me unkindand spiteful, and a heavy feeling remains. Well, what is to bedone? Tomorrow a new life will begin. A final good-bye to theold! Many new impressions have accumulated, but I cannot yetbring them to unity." + +When he awoke the next morning Nekhludoff's first feeling wasregret about the affair between him and his brother-in-law. + +"I cannot go away like this," he thought. "I must go and make itup with them." But when he looked at his watch he saw that he hadnot time to go, but must hurry so as not to be too late for thedeparture of the gang. He hastily got everything ready, and sentthe things to the station with a servant and Taras, Theodosia'shusband, who was going with them. Then he took the firstisvostchik he could find and drove off to the prison. + +The prisoners' train started two hours before the train by whichhe was going, so Nekhludoff paid his bill in the lodgings andleft for good. + +It was July, and the weather was unbearably hot. From the stones,the walls, the iron of the roofs, which the sultry night had notcooled, the beat streamed into the motionless air. When at rareintervals a slight breeze did arise, it brought but a whiff ofhot air filled with dust and smelling of oil paint. + +There were few people in the streets, and those who were outtried to keep on the shady side. Only the sunburnt peasants, withtheir bronzed faces and bark shoes on their feet, who weremending the road, sat hammering the stones into the burning sandin the sun; while the policemen, in their holland blouses, withrevolvers fastened with orange cords, stood melancholy anddepressed in the middle of the road, changing from foot to foot;and the tramcars, the horses of which wore holland hoods on theirheads, with slits for the ears, kept passing up and down thesunny road with ringing bells. + +When Nekhludoff drove up to the prison the gang had not left theyard. The work of delivering and receiving the prisoners that hadcommenced at 4 A.M. was still going on. The gang was to consistof 623 men and 64 women; they had all to be received according tothe registry lists. The sick and the weak to be sorted out, andall to be delivered to the convoy. The new inspector, with twoassistants, the doctor and medical assistant, the officer of theconvoy, and the clerk, were sitting in the prison yard at a tablecovered with writing materials and papers, which was placed inthe shade of a wall. They called the prisoners one by one,examined and questioned them, and took notes. The rays of the sunhad gradually reached the table, and it was growing very hot andoppressive for want of air and because of the breathing crowd ofprisoners that stood close by. + +"Good gracious, will this never come to an end!" the convoyofficer, a tall, fat, red-faced man with high shoulders, who keptpuffing the smoke, of his cigarette into his thick moustache,asked, as he drew in a long puff. "You are killing me. From wherehave you got them all? Are there many more?" the clerk inquired. + +"Twenty-four men and the women." + +"What are you standing there for? Come on," shouted the convoyofficer to the prisoners who had not yet passed the revision, andwho stood crowded one behind the other. The prisoners had beenstanding there more than three hours, packed in rows in the fullsunlight, waiting their turns. + +While this was going on in the prison yard, outside the gate,besides the sentinel who stood there as usual with a gun, weredrawn up about 20 carts, to carry the luggage of the prisonersand such prisoners as were too weak to walk, and a group ofrelatives and friends waiting to see the prisoners as they cameout and to exchange a few words if a chance presented itself andto give them a few things. Nekhludoff took his place among thegroup. He had stood there about an hour when the clanking ofchains, the noise of footsteps, authoritative voices, the soundof coughing, and the low murmur of a large crowd became audible. + +This continued for about five minutes, during which severaljailers went in and out of the gateway. At last the word ofcommand was given. The gate opened with a thundering noise, theclattering of the chains became louder, and the convoy soldiers,dressed in white blouses and carrying guns, came out into thestreet and took their places in a large, exact circle in front ofthe gate; this was evidently a usual, often-practised manoeuvre.Then another command was given, and the prisoners began comingout in couples, with flat, pancake-shaped caps on their shavedheads and sacks over their shoulders, dragging their chained legsand swinging one arm, while the other held up a sack. + +First came the men condemned to hard labour, all dressed alike ingrey trousers and cloaks with marks on the back. All ofthem--young and old, thin and fat, pale and red, dark and beardedand beardless, Russians, Tartars, and Jews--came out, clatteringwith their chains and briskly swinging their arms as if preparedto go a long distance, but stopped after having taken ten steps,and obediently took their places behind each other, four abreast.Then without interval streamed out more shaved men, dressed inthe same manner but with chains only on their legs. These werecondemned to exile. They came out as briskly and stopped assuddenly, taking their places four in a row. Then came thoseexiled by their Communes. Then the women in the same order, firstthose condemned to hard labour, with grey cloaks and kerchiefs;then the exiled women, and those following their husbands oftheir own free will, dressed in their own town or villageclothing. Some of the women were carrying babies wrapped in thefronts of their grey cloaks. + +With the women came the children, boys and girls, who, like coltsin a herd of horses, pressed in among the prisoners. + +The men took their places silently, only coughing now and then,or making short remarks. + +The women talked without intermission. Nekhludoff thought he sawMaslova as they were coming out, but she was at once lost in thelarge crowd, and he could only see grey creatures, seeminglydevoid of all that was human, or at any rate of all that waswomanly, with sacks on their backs and children round them,taking their places behind the men. + +Though all the prisoners had been counted inside the prisonwalls, the convoy counted them again, comparing the numbers withthe list. This took very long, especially as some of theprisoners moved and changed places, which confused the convoy. + +The convoy soldiers shouted and pushed the prisoners (whocomplied obediently, but angrily) and counted them over again.When all had been counted, the convoy officer gave a command, andthe crowd became agitated. The weak men and women and childrenrushed, racing each other, towards the carts, and began placingtheir bags on the carts and climbing up themselves. Women withcrying babies, merry children quarrelling for places, and dull,careworn prisoners got into the carts. + +Several of the prisoners took off their caps and came up to theconvoy officer with some request. Nekhludoff found out later thatthey were asking for places on the carts. Nekhludoff saw how theofficer, without looking at the prisoners, drew in a whiff fromhis cigarette, and then suddenly waved his short arm in front ofone of the prisoners, who quickly drew his shaved head backbetween his shoulders as if afraid of a blow, and sprang back. + +"I will give you a lift such that you'll remember. You'll getthere on foot right enough," shouted the officer. Only one of themen was granted his request--an old man with chains on his legs;and Nekhludoff saw the old man take off his pancake-shaped cap,and go up to the cart crossing himself. He could not manage toget up on the cart because of the chains that prevented hislifting his old legs, and a woman who was sitting in the cart atlast pulled him in by the arm. + +When all the sacks were in the carts, and those who were allowedto get in were seated, the officer took off his cap, wiped hisforehead, his bald head and fat, red neck, and crossed himself. + +"March," commanded the officer. The soldiers' guns gave a click;the prisoners took off their caps and crossed themselves, thosewho were seeing them off shouted something, the prisoners shoutedin answer, a row arose among the women, and the gang, surroundedby the soldiers in their white blouses, moved forward, raisingthe dust with their chained feet. The soldiers went in front;then came the convicts condemned to hard labour, clattering withtheir chains; then the exiled and those exiled by the Communes,chained in couples by their wrists; then the women. After them,on the carts loaded with sacks, came the weak. High up on one ofthe carts sat a woman closely wrapped up, and she kept shriekingand sobbing. + +CHAPTER XXXV. + +NOT MEN BUT STRANGE AND TERRIBLE CREATURES? + +The procession was such a long one that the carts with theluggage and the weak started only when those in front werealready out of sight. When the last of the carts moved,Nekhludoff got into the trap that stood waiting for him and toldthe isvostchik to catch up the prisoners in front, so that hecould see if he knew any of the men in the gang, and then try andfind out Maslova among the women and ask her if she had receivedthe things he sent. + +It was very hot, and a cloud of dust that was raised by athousand tramping feet stood all the time over the gang that wasmoving down. the middle of the street. The prisoners were walkingquickly, and the slow-going isvostchik's horse was some time incatching them up. Row upon row they passed, those strange andterrible-looking creatures, none of whom Nekhludoff knew. + +On they went, all dressed alike, moving a thousand feet all shodalike, swinging their free arms as if to keep up their spirits.There were so many of them, they all looked so much alike, andthey were all placed in such unusual, peculiar circumstances,that they seemed to Nekhludoff to be not men but some sort ofstrange and terrible creatures. This impression passed when herecognised in the crowd of convicts the murderer Federoff, andamong the exiles Okhotin the wit, and another tramp who hadappealed to him for assistance. Almost all the prisoners turnedand looked at the trap that was passing them and at the gentlemaninside. Federoff tossed his head backwards as a sign that he hadrecognised Nekhludoff, Okhotin winked, but neither of them bowed,considering it not the thing. + +As soon as Nekhludoff came up to the women he saw Maslova; shewas in the second row. The first in the row was a short-legged,black-eyed, hideous woman, who had her cloak tucked up in hergirdle. This was Koroshavka. The next was a pregnant woman, whodragged herself along with difficulty. The third was Maslova; shewas carrying her sack on her shoulder, and looking straightbefore her. Her face looked calm and determined. The fourth inthe row was a young, lovely woman who was walking along briskly,dressed in a short cloak, her kerchief tied in peasant fashion.This was Theodosia. + +Nekhludoff got down and approached the women, meaning to askMaslova if she had got the things he had sent her, and how shewas feeling, but the convoy sergeant, who was walking on thatside, noticed him at once, and ran towards him. + +"You must not do that, sir. It is against the regulations toapproach the gang," shouted the sergeant as he came up. + +But when he recognised Nekhludoff (every one in the prison knewNekhludoff) the sergeant raised his fingers to his cap, and,stopping in front of Nekhludoff, said: "Not now; wait till we getto the railway station; here it is not allowed. Don't lag behind;march!" he shouted to the convicts, and putting on a brisk air,he ran back to his place at a trot, in spite of the heat and theelegant new boots on his feet. + +Nekhludoff went on to the pavement and told the isvostchik tofollow him; himself walking, so as to keep the convicts in sight.Wherever the gang passed it attracted attention mixed with horrorand compassion. Those who drove past leaned out of the vehiclesand followed the prisoners with their eyes. Those on foot stoppedand looked with fear and surprise at the terrible sight. Somecame up and gave alms to the prisoners. The alms were received bythe convoy. Some, as if they were hypnotised, followed the gang,but then stopped, shook their heads, and followed the prisonersonly with their eyes. Everywhere the people came out of the gatesand doors, and called others to come out, too, or leaned out ofthe windows looking, silent and immovable, at the frightfulprocession. At a cross-road a fine carriage was stopped by thegang. A fat coachman, with a shiny face and two rows of buttonson his back, sat on the box; a married couple sat facing thehorses, the wife, a pale, thin woman, with a light-colouredbonnet on her head and a bright sunshade in her hand, the husbandwith a top-hat and a well-cut light-coloured overcoat. On theseat in front sat their children--a well-dressed little girl,with loose, fair hair, and as fresh as a flower, who also held abright parasol, and an eight-year-old boy, with a long, thin neckand sharp collarbones, a sailor hat with long ribbons on hishead. + +The father was angrily scolding the coachman because he had notpassed in front of the gang when he had a chance, and the motherfrowned and half closed her eyes with a look of disgust,shielding herself from the dust and the sun with her silksunshade, which she held close to her face. + +The fat coachman frowned angrily at the unjust rebukes of hismaster--who had himself given the order to drive along thatstreet--and with difficulty held in the glossy, black horses,foaming under their harness and impatient to go on. + +The policeman wished with all his soul to please the owner of thefine equipage by stopping the gang, yet felt that the dismalsolemnity of the procession could not be broken even for so richa gentleman. He only raised his fingers to his cap to show hisrespect for riches, and looked severely at the prisoners as ifpromising in any case to protect the owners of the carriage fromthem. So the carriage had to wait till the whole of theprocession had passed, and could only move on when the last ofthe carts, laden with sacks and prisoners, rattled by. Thehysterical woman who sat on one of the carts, and had grown calm,again began shrieking and sobbing when she saw the elegantcarriage. Then the coachman tightened the reins with a slighttouch, and the black trotters, their shoes ringing against thepaving stones, drew the carriage, softly swaying on its rubbertires, towards the country house where the husband, the wife, thegirl, and the boy with the sharp collar-bones were going to amusethemselves. Neither the father nor the mother gave the girl andboy any explanation of what they had seen, so that the childrenhad themselves to find out the meaning of this curious sight. Thegirl, taking the expression of her father's and mother's facesinto consideration, solved the problem by assuming that thesepeople were quite another kind of men and women than her fatherand mother and their acquaintances, that they were bad people,and that they had therefore to be treated in the manner they werebeing treated. + +Therefore the girl felt nothing but fear, and was glad when shecould no longer see those people. + +But the boy with the long, thin neck, who looked at theprocession of prisoners without taking his eyes off them, solvedthe question differently. + +He still knew, firmly and without any doubt, for he had it fromGod, that these people were just the same kind of people as hewas, and like all other people, and therefore some one had donethese people some wrong, something that ought not to have beendone, and he was sorry for them, and felt no horror either ofthose who were shaved and chained or of those who had shaved andchained them. And so the boy's lips pouted more and more, and hemade greater and greater efforts not to cry, thinking it a shameto cry in such a case. + +CHAPTER XXXVI. + +THE TENDER MERCIES OF THE LORD. + +Nekhludoff kept up with the quick pace of the convicts. Thoughlightly clothed he felt dreadfully hot, and it was hard tobreathe in the stifling, motionless, burning air filled withdust. + +When he had walked about a quarter of a mile he again got intothe trap, but it felt still hotter in the middle of the street.He tried to recall last night's conversation with hisbrother-in-law, but the recollections no longer excited him asthey had done in the morning. They were dulled by the impressionsmade by the starting and procession of the gang, and chiefly bythe intolerable heat. + +On the pavement, in the shade of some trees overhanging a fence,he saw two schoolboys standing over a kneeling man who sold ices.One of the boys was already sucking a pink spoon and enjoying hisices, the other was waiting for a glass that was being filledwith something yellowish. + +"Where could I get a drink?" Nekhludoff asked his isvostchik,feeling an insurmountable desire for some refreshment. + +"There is a good eating-house close by," the isvostchik answered,and turning a corner, drove up to a door with a large signboard.The plump clerk in a Russian shirt, who stood behind the counter,and the waiters in their once white clothing who sat at thetables (there being hardly any customers) looked with curiosityat the unusual visitor and offered him their services. Nekhludoffasked for a bottle of seltzer water and sat down some way fromthe window at a small table covered with a dirty cloth. Two mensat at another table with tea-things and a white bottle in frontof them, mopping their foreheads, and calculating something in afriendly manner. One of them was dark and bald, and had just sucha border of hair at the back as Rogozhinsky. This sight againreminded Nekhludoff of yesterday's talk with his brother-in-lawand his wish to see him and Nathalie. + +"I shall hardly be able to do it before the train starts," hethought; "I'd better write." He asked for paper, an envelope, anda stamp, and as he was sipping the cool, effervescent water heconsidered what he should say. But his thoughts wandered, and hecould not manage to compose a letter. + +My dear Nathalie,--I cannot go away with the heavy impressionthat yesterday's talk with your husband has left," he began."What next? Shall I ask him to forgive me what I said yesterday?But I only said what I felt, and he will think that I am takingit back. Besides, this interference of his in my private matters.. . No, I cannot," and again he felt hatred rising in his hearttowards that man so foreign to him. He folded the unfinishedletter and put it in his pocket, paid, went out, and again gotinto the trap to catch up the gang. It had grown still hotter.The stones and the walls seemed to be breathing out hot air. Thepavement seemed to scorch the feet, and Nekhludoff felt a burningsensation in his hand when he touched the lacquered splashguardof his trap. + +The horse was jogging along at a weary trot, beating the uneven,dusty road monotonously with its hoofs, the isvostchik keptfalling into a doze, Nekhludoff sat without thinking of anything. + +At the bottom of a street, in front of a large house, a group ofpeople had collected, and a convoy soldier stood by. + +"What has happened?" Nekhludoff asked of a porter. + +"Something the matter with a convict." + +Nekhludoff got down and came up to the group. On the roughstones, where the pavement slanted down to the gutter, lay abroadly-built, red-bearded, elderly convict, with his head lowerthan his feet, and very red in the face. He had a grey cloak andgrey trousers on, and lay on his back with the palms of hisfreckled hands downwards, and at long intervals his broad, highchest heaved, and he groaned, while his bloodshot eyes were fixedon the sky. By him stood a cross-looking policeman, a pedlar, apostman, a clerk, an old woman with a parasol, and a short-hairedboy with an empty basket. + +"They are weak. Having been locked up in prison they've got weak,and then they lead them through the most broiling heat," said theclerk, addressing Nekhludoff, who had just come up. + +"He'll die, most likely," said the woman with the parasol, in adoleful tone. + +"His shirt should be untied," said the postman. + +The policeman began, with his thick, trembling fingers, clumsilyto untie the tapes that fastened the shirt round the red, sinewyneck. He was evidently excited and confused, but still thought itnecessary to address the crowd. + +"What have you collected here for? It is hot enough without yourkeeping the wind off." + +"They should have been examined by a doctor, and the weak onesleft behind," said the clerk, showing off his knowledge of thelaw. + +The policeman, having undone the tapes of the shirt, rose andlooked round. + +"Move on, I tell you. It is not your business, is it? What'sthere to stare at?" he said, and turned to Nekhludoff forsympathy, but not finding any in his face he turned to the convoysoldier. + +But the soldier stood aside, examining the trodden-down heel ofhis boot, and was quite indifferent to the policeman'sperplexity. + +"Those whose business it is don't care. Is it right to do men todeath like this? A convict is a convict, but still he is a man,"different voices were heard saying in the crowd. + +"Put his head up higher, and give him some water," saidNekhludoff. + +"Water has been sent for," said the policeman, and taking theprisoner under the arms he with difficulty pulled his body alittle higher up. + +"What's this gathering here?" said a decided, authoritativevoice, and a police officer, with a wonderfully clean, shinyblouse, and still more shiny top-boots, came up to the assembledcrowd. + +"Move on. No standing about here," he shouted to the crowd,before he knew what had attracted it. + +When he came near and saw the dying convict, he made a sign ofapproval with his head, just as if he had quite expected it, and,turning to the policeman, said, "How is this?" + +The policeman said that, as a gang of prisoners was passing, oneof the convicts had fallen down, and the convoy officer hadordered him to be left behind. + +"Well, that's all right. He must be taken to the police station.Call an isvostchik." + +"A porter has gone for one," said the policeman, with his fingersraised to his cap. + +The shopman began something about the heat. + +"Is it your business, eh? Move on," said the police officer, andlooked so severely at him that the clerk was silenced. + +"He ought to have a little water," said Nekhludoff. The policeofficer looked severely at Nekhludoff also, but said nothing.When the porter brought a mug full of water, he told thepoliceman to offer some to the convict. The policeman raised thedrooping head, and tried to pour a little water down the mouth;but the prisoner could not swallow it, and it ran down his beard,wetting his jacket and his coarse, dirty linen shirt. + +"Pour it on his head," ordered the officer; and the policemantook off the pancake-shaped cap and poured the water over the redcurls and bald part of the prisoner's head. His eyes opened wideas if in fear, but his position remained unchanged. + +Streams of dirt trickled down his dusty face, but the mouthcontinued to gasp in the same regular way, and his whole bodyshook. + +"And what's this? Take this one," said the police officer,pointing to Nekhludoff's isvostchik. "You, there, drive up. + +"I am engaged," said the isvostchik, dismally, and withoutlooking up. + +"It is my isvostchik; but take him. I will pay you," saidNekhludoff, turning to the isvostchik. + +"Well, what are you waiting for?" shouted the officer. "Catchhold." + +The policeman, the porter, and the convoy soldier lifted thedying man and carried him to the trap, and put him on the seat.But he could not sit up; his head fell back, and the whole of hisbody glided off the seat. + +"Make him lie down," ordered the officer. + +"It's all right, your honour; I'll manage him like this," saidthe policeman, sitting down by the dying man, and clasping hisstrong, right arm round the body under the arms. The convoysoldier lifted the stockingless feet, in prison shoes, and putthem into the trap. + +The police officer looked around, and noticing the pancake-shapedhat of the convict lifted it up and put it on the wet, droopinghead. + +"Go on," he ordered. + +The isvostchik looked angrily round, shook his head, and,accompanied by the convoy soldier, drove back to the policestation. The policeman, sitting beside the convict, kept draggingup the body that was continually sliding down from the seat,while the head swung from side to side. + +The convoy soldier, who was walking by the side of the trap, keptputting the legs in their place. Nekhludoff followed the trap. + +CHAPTER XXXVII. + +SPILLED LIKE WATER ON THE GROUND. + +The trap passed the fireman who stood sentinel at the entrance,[the headquarters of the fire brigade and the police stations aregenerally together in Moscow] drove into the yard of the policestation, and stopped at one of the doors. In the yard severalfiremen with their sleeves tucked up were washing some kind ofcart and talking loudly. When the trap stopped, several policemensurrounded it, and taking the lifeless body of the convict underthe arms, took him out of the trap, which creaked under him. Thepoliceman who had brought the body got down, shook his numbedarm, took off his cap, and crossed himself. The body was carriedthrough the door and up the stairs. Nekhludoff followed. In thesmall, dirty room where the body was taken there stood four beds.On two of them sat a couple of sick men in dressing-gowns, onewith a crooked mouth, whose neck was bandaged, the other one inconsumption. Two of the beds were empty; the convict was laid onone of them. A little man, wish glistening eyes and continuallymoving brows, with only his underclothes and stockings on, cameup with quick, soft steps, looked at the convict and then at + +Nekhludoff, and burst into loud laughter. This was a madman whowas being kept in the police hospital. + +"They wish to frighten me, but no, they won't succeed," he said. + +The policemen who carried the corpse were followed by a policeofficer and a medical assistant. The medical assistant came up tothe body and touched the freckled hand, already growing cold,which, though still soft, was deadly pale. He held it for amoment, and then let it go. It fell lifelessly on the stomach ofthe dead man. + +"He's ready," said the medical assistant, but, evidently to bequite in order, he undid the wet, brown shirt, and tossing backthe curls from his ear, put it to the yellowish, broad, immovablechest of the convict. All were silent. The medical assistantraised himself again, shook his head, and touched with hisfingers first one and then the other lid over the open, fixedblue eyes. + +"I'm not frightened, I'm not frightened." The madman keptrepeating these words, and spitting in the direction of themedical assistant. + +"Well?" asked the police officer. + +"Well! He must he put into the mortuary." + +"Are you sure? Mind," said the police officer. + +"It's time I should know," said the medical assistant, drawingthe shirt over the body's chest. "However, I will send forMathew Ivanovitch. Let him have a look. Petrov, call him," andthe medical assistant stepped away from the body. + +"Take him to the mortuary," said the police officer. "And thenyou must come into the office and sign," he added to the convoysoldier, who had not left the convict for a moment. + +"Yes, sir," said the soldier. + +The policemen lifted the body and carried it down again.Nekhludoff wished to follow, but the madman kept him back. + +"You are not in the plot! Well, then, give me a cigarette," hesaid. Nekhludoff got out his cigarette case and gave him one. + +The madman, quickly moving his brows all the time, began relatinghow they tormented him by thought suggestion. + +"Why, they are all against me, and torment and torture me throughtheir mediums." + +"I beg your pardon," said Nekhludoff, and without listening anyfurther he left the room and went out into the yard, wishing toknow where the body would be put. + +The policemen with their burden had already crossed the yard, andwere coming to the door of a cellar. Nekhludoff wished to go upto them, but the police officer stopped him. + +"What do you want?" + +"Nothing." + +"Nothing? Then go away." + +"Nekhludoff obeyed, and went back to his isvostchik, who wasdozing. He awoke him, and they drove back towards the railwaystation. + +They had not made a hundred steps when they met a cartaccompanied by a convoy soldier with a gun. On the cart layanother convict, who was already dead. The convict lay on hisback in the cart, his shaved head, from which the pancake-shapedcap had slid over the black-bearded face down to the nose,shaking and thumping at every jolt. The driver, in his heavyboots, walked by the side of the cart, holding the reins; apoliceman followed on foot. Nekhludoff touched his isvostchik'sshoulder. + +"Just look what they are doing," said the isvostchik, stoppinghis horse. + +Nekhludoff got down and, following the cart, again passed thesentinel and entered the gate of the police station. By this timethe firemen had finished washing the cart, and a tall, bony man,the chief of the fire brigade, with a coloured band round hiscap, stood in their place, and, with his hands in his pockets,was severely looking at a fat-necked, well-fed, bay stallion thatwas being led up and down before him by a fireman. The stallionwas lame on one of his fore feet, and the chief of the firemenwas angrily saying something to a veterinary who stood by. + +The police officer was also present. When he saw the cart he wentup to the convoy soldier. + +"Where did you bring him from?" he asked, shaking his headdisapprovingly. + +"From the Gorbatovskaya," answered the policeman. + +"A prisoner?" asked the chief of the fire brigade. + +"Yes. It's the second to-day." + +"Well, I must say they've got some queer arrangements. Though ofcourse it's a broiling day," said the chief of the fire brigade;then, turning to the fireman who was leading the lame stallion,he shouted: "Put him into the corner stall. And as to you, youhound, I'll teach you how to cripple horses which are worth morethan you are, you scoundrel." + +The dead man was taken from the cart by the policemen just in thesame way as the first had been, and carried upstairs into thehospital. Nekhludoff followed them as if he were hypnotised. + +"What do you want?" asked one of the policemen. But Nekhludoffdid not answer, and followed where the body was being carried.The madman, sitting on a bed, was smoking greedily the cigaretteNekhludoff had given him. + +"Ah, you've come back," he said, and laughed. When he saw thebody he made a face, and said, "Again! I am sick of it. I am nota boy, am I, eh?" and he turned to Nekhludoff with a questioningsmile. + +Nekhludoff was looking at the dead man, whose face, which hadbeen hidden by his cap, was now visible. This convict was ashandsome in face and body as the other was hideous. He was a manin the full bloom of life. Notwithstanding that he was disfiguredby the half of his head being shaved, the straight, rather lowforehead, raised a bit over the black, lifeless eyes, was veryfine, and so was the nose above the thin, black moustaches. Therewas a smile on the lips that were already growing blue, a smallbeard outlined the lower part of the face, and on the shaved sideof the head a firm, well-shaped car was visible. + +One could see what possibilities of a higher life had beendestroyed in this man. The fine bones of his hands and shackledfeet, the strong muscles of all his well-proportioned limbs,showed what a beautiful, strong, agile human animal this hadbeen. As an animal merely he had been a far more perfect one ofhis kind than the bay stallion, about the laming of which thefireman was so angry. + +Yet he had been done to death, and no one was sorry for him as aman, nor was any one sorry that so fine a working animal hadperished. The only feeling evinced was that of annoyance becauseof the bother caused by the necessity of getting this body,threatening putrefaction, out of the way. The doctor and hisassistant entered the hospital, accompanied by the inspector ofthe police station. The doctor was a thick-set man, dressed inpongee silk coat and trousers of the same material, closelyfitting his muscular thighs. The inspector was a little fatfellow, with a red face, round as a ball, which he made stillbroader by a habit he had of filling his cheeks with air, andslowly letting it out again. The doctor sat down on the bed bythe side of the dead man, and touched the hands in the same wayas his assistant had done, put his ear to the heart, rose, andpulled his trousers straight. "Could not be more dead," he said. + +The inspector filled his mouth with air and slowly blew it outagain. + +"Which prison is he from?" he asked the convoy soldier. + +The soldier told him, and reminded him of the chains on the deadman's feet. + +"I'll have them taken off; we have got a smith about, the Lord bethanked," said the inspector, and blew up his cheeks again; hewent towards the door, slowly letting out the air. + +"Why has this happened?" Nekhludoff asked the doctor. + +The doctor looked at him through his spectacles. + +"Why has what happened? Why they die of sunstroke, you mean? Thisis why: They sit all through the winter without exercise andwithout light, and suddenly they are taken out into the sunshine,and on a day like this, and they march in a crowd so that theyget no air, and sunstroke is the result." + +"Then why are they sent out?" + +"Oh, as to that, go and ask those who send them. But may I askwho are you? + +"I am a stranger." + +"Ah, well, good-afternoon; I have no time." The doctor was vexed;he gave his trousers a downward pull, and went towards the bedsof the sick. + +"Well, how are you getting on?" he asked the pale man with thecrooked mouth and bandaged neck. + +Meanwhile the madman sat on a bed, and having finished hiscigarette, kept spitting in the direction of the doctor. + +Nekhludoff went down into the yard and out of the gate past thefiremen's horses and the hens and the sentinel in his brasshelmet, and got into the trap, the driver of which had againfallen asleep. + +CHAPTER XXXVIII. + +THE CONVICT TRAIN. + +When Nekhludoff came to the station, the prisoners were allseated in railway carriages with grated windows. Several persons,come to see them off, stood on the platform, but were not allowedto come up to the carriages. + +The convoy was much troubled that day. On the way from the prisonto the station, besides the two Nekhludoff had seen, three otherprisoners had fallen and died of sunstroke. One was taken to thenearest police station like the first two, and the other two diedat the railway station. [In Moscow, in the beginning of the eighthdecade of this century, five convicts died of sunstroke in oneday on their way from the Boutyrki prison to the Nijni railwaystation.] The convoy men were not troubled because five men whomight have been alive died while in their charge. This did nottrouble them, but they were concerned lest anything that the lawrequired in such cases should be omitted. To convey the bodies tothe places appointed, to deliver up their papers, to take themoff the lists of those to be conveyed to Nijni--all this was verytroublesome, especially on so hot a day. + +It was this that occupied the convoy men, and before it could allbe accomplished Nekhludoff and the others who asked for leave togo up to the carriages were not allowed to do so. Nekhludoff,however, was soon allowed to go up, because he tipped the convoysergeant. The sergeant let Nekhludoff pass, but asked him to bequick and get his talk over before any of the authoritiesnoticed. There were 15 carriages in all, and except one carriagefor the officials, they were full of prisoners. As Nekhludoffpassed the carriages he listened to what was going on in them. Inall the carriages was heard the clanging of chains, the sound ofbustle, mixed with loud and senseless language, but not a wordwas being said about their dead fellow-prisoners. The talk wasall about sacks, drinking water, and the choice of seats. + +Looking into one of the carriages, Nekhludoff saw convoy soldierstaking the manacles off the hands of the prisoners. The prisonersheld out their arms, and one of the soldiers unlocked themanacles with a key and took them off; the other collected them. + +After he had passed all the other carriages, Nekhludoff came upto the women's carriages. From the second of these he heard awoman's groans: "Oh, oh, oh! O God! Oh, oh! O God!" + +Nekhludoff passed this carriage and went up to a window of thethird carriage, which a soldier pointed out to him. When heapproached his face to the window, he felt the hot air, filledwith the smell of perspiration, coming out of it, and hearddistinctly the shrill sound of women's voices. All the seats werefilled with red, perspiring, loudly-talking women, dressed inprison cloaks and white jackets. Nekhludoff's face at the windowattracted their attention. Those nearest ceased talking and drewcloser. Maslova, in her white jacket and her head uncovered, satby the opposite window. The white-skinned, smiling Theodosia sata little nearer. When she recognised Nekhludoff, she nudgedMaslova and pointed to the window. Maslova rose hurriedly, threwher kerchief over her black hair, and with a smile on her hot,red face came up to the window and took hold of one of the bars. + +"Well, it is hot," she said, with a glad smile. + +"Did you get the things? + +"Yes, thank you." + +"Is there anything more you want?" asked Nekhludoff, while theair came out of the hot carriage as out of an oven. + +"I want nothing, thank you." + +"If we could get a drink?" said Theodosia. + +"Yes, if we could get a drink," repeated Maslova. + +"Why, have you not got any water?" + +"They put some in, but it is all gone." + +"Directly, I will ask one of the convoy men. Now we shall not seeeach other till we get to Nijni." + +"Why? Are you going?" said Maslova, as if she did not know it,and looked joyfully at Nekhludoff. + +"I am going by the next train." + +Maslova said nothing, but only sighed deeply. + +"Is it true, sir, that 12 convicts have been done to death?" saida severe-looking old prisoner with a deep voice like a man's. + +It was Korableva. + +"I did not hear of 12; I have seen two," said Nekhludoff. + +"They say there were 12 they killed. And will nothing be done tothem? Only think! The fiends!" + +"And have none of the women fallen ill?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"Women are stronger," said another of the prisoners--a shortlittle woman, and laughed; "only there's one that has taken itinto her head to be delivered. There she goes," she said,pointing to the next carriage, whence proceeded the groans. + +"You ask if we want anything," said Maslova, trying to keep thesmile of joy from her lips; "could not this woman be left behind.suffering as she is? There, now, if you would tell theauthorities." + +"Yes, I will." + +"And one thing more; could she not see her husband, Taras?" sheadded, pointing with her eyes to the smiling Theodosia. + +"He is going with you, is he not?" + +"Sir, you must not talk," said a convoy sergeant, not the one whohad let Nekhludoff come up. Nekhludoff left the carriage and wentin search of an official to whom he might speak for the woman intravail and about Taras, but could not find him, nor get ananswer from any of the convoy for a long time. They were all in abustle; some were leading a prisoner somewhere or other, othersrunning to get themselves provisions, some were placing theirthings in the carriages or attending on a lady who was going toaccompany the convoy officer, and they answered Nekhludoff'squestions unwillingly. Nekhludoff found the convoy officer onlyafter the second bell had been rung. The officer with his shortarm was wiping the moustaches that covered his mouth andshrugging his shoulders, reproving the corporal for something orother. + +"What is it you want?" he asked Nekhludoff. + +You've got a woman there who is being confined, so I thoughtbest--" + +"Well, let her be confined; we shall see later on," and brisklyswinging his short arms, he ran up to his carriage. At the momentthe guard passed with a whistle in his hand, and from the peopleon the platform and from the women's carriages there arose asound of weeping and words of prayer. + +Nekhludoff stood on the platform by the side of Taras, and lookedhow, one after the other, the carriages glided past him, with theshaved heads of the men at the grated windows. Then the first ofthe women's carriages came up, with women's heads at the windows,some covered with kerchiefs and some uncovered, then the second,whence proceeded the same groans, then the carriage where Maslovawas. She stood with the others at the window, and looked atNekhludoff with a pathetic smile. + +CHAPTER XXXIX. + +BROTHER AND SISTER. + +There were still two hours before the passenger train by whichNekhludoff was going would start. He had thought of using thisinterval to see his sister again; but after the impressions ofthe morning he felt much excited and so done up that, sittingdown on a sofa in the first-class refreshment-room, he suddenlygrew so drowsy that he turned over on to his side, and, layinghis face on his hand, fell asleep at once. A waiter in a dresscoat with a napkin in his hand woke him. + +"Sir, sir, are you not Prince Nekhludoff? There's a lady lookingfor you." + +Nekhludoff started up and recollected where he was and all thathad happened in the morning. + +He saw in his imagination the procession of prisoners, the deadbodies, the railway carriages with barred windows, and the womenlocked up in them, one of whom was groaning in travail with noone to help her, and another who was pathetically smiling at himthrough the bars. + +The reality before his eyes was very different, i.e., a tablewith vases, candlesticks and crockery, and agile waiters movinground the table, and in the background a cupboard and a counterladen with fruit and bottles, behind it a barman, and in frontthe backs of passengers who had come up for refreshments. WhenNekhludoff had risen and sat gradually collecting his thoughts,he noticed that everybody in the room was inquisitively lookingat something that was passing by the open doors. + +He also looked, and saw a group of people carrying a chair onwhich sat a lady whose head was wrapped in a kind of airy fabric. + +Nekhludoff thought he knew the footman who was supporting thechair in front. And also the man behind, and a doorkeeper withgold cord on his cap, seemed familiar. A lady's maid with afringe and an apron, who was carrying a parcel, a parasol, andsomething round in a leather case, was walking behind the chair.Then came Prince Korchagin, with his thick lips, apoplectic neck,and a travelling cap on his head; behind him Missy, her cousinMisha, and an acquaintance of Nekhludoff's--the long-neckeddiplomat Osten, with his protruding Adam's apple and hisunvarying merry mood and expression. He was saying something veryemphatically, though jokingly, to the smiling Missy. TheKorchagins were moving from their estate near the city to theestate of the Princess's sister on the Nijni railway. Theprocession--the men carrying the chair, the maid, and thedoctor--vanished into the ladies' waiting-room, evoking a feelingof curiosity and respect in the onlookers. But the old Princeremained and sat down at the table, called a waiter, and orderedfood and drink. Missy and Osten also remained in therefreshment-room and were about to sit down, when they saw anacquaintance in the doorway, and went up to her. It was NathalieRogozhinsky. Nathalie came into the refreshment-room accompaniedby Agraphena Petrovna, and both looked round the room. Nathalienoticed at one and the same moment both her brother and Missy.She first went up to Missy, only nodding to her brother; but,having kissed her, at once turned to him. + +"At last I have found you," she said. Nekhludoff rose to greetMissy, Misha, and Osten, and to say a few words to them. Missytold him about their house in the country having been burnt down,which necessitated their moving to her aunt's. Osten beganrelating a funny story about a fire. Nekhludoff paid noattention, and turned to his sister. + +"How glad I am that you have come." + +"I have been here a long time," she said. "Agraphena Petrovna iswith me." And she pointed to Agraphena Petrovna, who, in awaterproof and with a bonnet on her head, stood some way off, andbowed to him with kindly dignity and some confusion, not wishingto intrude. + +"We looked for you everywhere." + +"And I had fallen asleep here. How glad I am that you have come,"repeated Nekhludoff. "I had begun to write to you." + +"Really?" she said, looking frightened. "What about?" + +Missy and the gentleman, noticing that an intimate conversationwas about to commence between the brother and sister, went away.Nekhludoff and his sister sat down by the window on avelvet-covered sofa, on which lay a plaid, a box, and a few otherthings. + +"Yesterday, after I left you, I felt inclined to return andexpress my regret, but I did not know how he would take it," saidNekhludoff. "I spoke hastily to your husband, and this tormentedme." + +"I knew," said his sister, "that you did not mean to. Oh, youknow!" and the tears came to her eyes, and she touched his hand.The sentence was not clear, but he understood it perfectly, andwas touched by what it expressed. Her words meant that, besidesthe love for her husband which held her in its sway, she prizedand considered important the love she had for him, her brother,and that every misunderstanding between them caused her deepsuffering. + +"Thank you, thank you. Oh! what I have seen to-day!" he said,suddenly recalling the second of the dead convicts. "Twoprisoners have been done to death." + +"Done to death? How?" + +"Yes, done to death. They led them in this heat, and two died ofsunstroke." + +"Impossible! What, to-day? just now?" + +"Yes, just now. I have seen their bodies." + +"But why done to death? Who killed them?" asked Nathalie. + +"They who forced them to go killed them," said Nekhludoff, withirritation, feeling that she looked at this, too, with herhusband's eyes. + +"Oh, Lord!" said Agraphena Petrovna, who had come up to them. + +"Yes, we have not the slightest idea of what is being done tothese unfortunate beings. But it ought to be known," addedNekhludoff, and looked at old Korchagin, who sat with a napkintied round him and a bottle before him, and who looked round atNekhludoff. + +"Nekhludoff," he called out, "won't you join me and take somerefreshment? It is excellent before a journey." + +Nekhludoff refused, and turned away. + +"But what are you going to do?" Nathalie continued. + +"What I can. I don't know, but I feel I must do something. And Ishall do what I am able to." + +"Yes, I understand. And how about them?" she continued, with asmile and a look towards Korchagin. "Is it possible that it isall over?" + +"Completely, and I think without any regret on either side." + +"It is a pity. I am sorry. I am fond of her. However, it's allright. But why do you wish to bind yourself?" she added shyly."Why are you going?" + +"I go because I must," answered Nekhludoff, seriously and dryly,as if wishing to stop this conversation. But he felt ashamed ofhis coldness towards his sister at once. "Why not tell her all Iam thinking?" he thought, "and let Agraphena Petrovna also hearit," he thought, with a look at the old servant, whose presencemade the wish to repeat his decision to his sister even stronger. + +"You mean my intention to marry Katusha? Well, you see, I made upmy mind to do it, but she refuses definitely and firmly," hesaid, and his voice shook, as it always did when he spoke of it."She does not wish to accept my sacrifice, but is herselfsacrificing what in her position means much, and I cannot acceptthis sacrifice, if it is only a momentary impulse. And so I amgoing with her, and shall be where she is, and shall try tolighten her fate as much as I can." + +Nathalie said nothing. Agraphena Petrovna looked at her with aquestioning look, and shook her head. At this moment the formerprocession issued from the ladies' room. The same handsomefootman (Philip). and the doorkeeper were carrying the PrincessKorchagin. She stopped the men who were carrying her, andmotioned to Nekhludoff to approach, and, with a pitiful,languishing air, she extended her white, ringed hand, expectingthe firm pressure of his hand with a sense of horror. + +"Epouvantable!" she said, meaning the heat. "I cannot stand it!Ce climat me tue!" And, after a short talk about the horrors ofthe Russian climate, she gave the men a sign to go on. + +"Be sure and come," she added, turning her long face towardsNekhludoff as she was borne away. + +The procession with the Princess turned to the right towards thefirst-class carriages. Nekhludoff, with the porter who wascarrying his things, and Taras with his bag, turned to the left. + +"This is my companion," said Nekhludoff to his sister, pointingto Taras, whose story he had told her before. + +"Surely not third class?" said Nathalie, when Nekhludoff stoppedin front of a third-class carriage, and Taras and the porter withthe things went in. + +"Yes; it is more convenient for me to be with Taras," he said."One thing more," he added; "up to now I have not given theKousminski land to the peasants; so that, in case of my death,your children will inherit it." + +"Dmitri, don't!" said Nathalie. + +"If I do give it away, all I can say is that the rest will betheirs, as it is not likely I shall marry; and if I do marry Ishall have no children, so that--" + +"Dmitri, don't talk like that!" said Nathalie. And yet Nekhludoffnoticed that she was glad to hear him say it. + +Higher up, by the side of a first-class carriage, there stood agroup of people still looking at the carriage into which thePrincess Korchagin had been carried. Most of the passengers werealready seated. Some of the late comers hurriedly clattered alongthe boards of the platform, the guard was closing the doors andasking the passengers to get in and those who were seeing themoff to come out. + +Nekhludoff entered the hot, smelling carriage, but at oncestepped out again on to the small platform at the back of thecarriage. Nathalie stood opposite the carriage, with herfashionable bonnet and cape, by the side of Agraphena Petrovna,and was evidently trying to find something to say. + +She could not even say ecrivez, because they had long ago laughedat this word, habitually spoken by those about to part. The shortconversation about money matters had in a moment destroyed thetender brotherly and sisterly feelings that had taken hold ofthem. They felt estranged, so that Nathalie was glad when thetrain moved; and she could only say, nodding her head with a sadand tender look, "Goodbye, good-bye, Dmitri." But as soon as thecarriage had passed her she thought of how she should repeat herconversation with her brother to her husband, and her face becameserious and troubled. + +Nekhludoff, too, though he had nothing but the kindest feelingsfor his sister, and had hidden nothing from her, now feltdepressed and uncomfortable with her, and was glad to part. Hefelt that the Nathalie who was once so near to him no longerexisted, and in her place was only a slave of that hairy,unpleasant husband, who was so foreign to him. He saw it clearlywhen her face lit up with peculiar animation as he spoke of whatwould peculiarly interest her husband, i.e., the giving up of theland to the peasants and the inheritance. + +And this made him sad. + +CHAPTER XL. + +THE FUNDAMENTAL LAW OF HUMAN LIFE. + +The heat in the large third-class carriage, which had beenstanding in the burning sun all day, was so great that Nekhludoffdid not go in, but stopped on the little platform behind thecarriage which formed a passage to the next one. But there wasnot a breath of fresh air here either, and Nekhludoff breathedfreely only when the train had passed the buildings and thedraught blew across the platform. + +"Yes, killed," he repeated to himself, the words he had used tohis sister. And in his imagination in the midst of all otherimpressions there arose with wonderful clearness the beautifulface of the second dead convict, with the smile of the lips, thesevere expression of the brows, and the small, firm ear below theshaved bluish skull. + +And what seemed terrible was that he had been murdered, and noone knew who had murdered him. Yet he had been murdered. He wasled out like all the rest of the prisoners by Maslennikoff'sorders. Maslennikoff had probably given the order in the usualmanner, had signed with his stupid flourish the paper with theprinted heading, and most certainly would not consider himselfguilty. Still less would the careful doctor who examined theconvicts consider himself guilty. He had performed his dutyaccurately, and had separated the weak. How could he haveforeseen this terrible heat, or the fact that they would start solate in the day and in such crowds? The prison inspector? But theinspector had only carried into execution the order that on agiven day a certain number of exiles and convicts--men andwomen--had to be sent off. The convoy officer could not be guiltyeither, for his business was to receive a certain number ofpersons in a certain place, and to deliver up the same number.He conducted them in the usual manner, and could not foresee thattwo such strong men as those Nekhludoff saw would not be able tostand it and would die. No one is guilty, and yet the men havebeen murdered by these people who are not guilty of their murder. + +"All this comes," Nekhludoff thought, "from the fact that allthese people, governors, inspectors, police officers, and men,consider that there are circumstances in which human relationsare not necessary between human beings. All these men,Maslennikoff, and the inspector, and the convoy officer, if theywere not governor, inspector, officer, would have consideredtwenty times before sending people in such heat in such amass--would have stopped twenty times on the way, and, seeingthat a man was growing weak, gasping for breath, would have ledhim into the shade, would have given him water and let him rest,and if an accident had still occurred they would have expressedpity. But they not only did not do it, but hindered others fromdoing it, because they considered not men and their duty towardsthem but only the office they themselves filled, and held whatthat office demanded of them to be above human relations. "That'swhat it is," Nekhludoff went on in his thoughts. "If oneacknowledges but for a single hour that anything can be moreimportant than love for one's fellowmen, even in some oneexceptional case, any crime can be committed without a feeling ofguilt." + +Nekhludoff was so engrossed by his thoughts that he did notnotice how the weather changed. The sun was covered over by alow-hanging, ragged cloud. A compact, light grey cloud wasrapidly coming from the west, and was already falling in heavy,driving rain on the fields and woods far in the distance.Moisture, coming from the cloud, mixed with the air. Now and thenthe cloud was rent by flashes of lightning, and peals of thundermingled more and more often with the rattling of the train. Thecloud came nearer and nearer, the rain-drops driven by the windbegan to spot the platform and Nekhludoff's coat; and he steppedto the other side of the little platform, and, inhaling thefresh, moist air--filled with the smell of corn and wet earththat had long been waiting for rain--he stood looking at thegardens, the woods, the yellow rye fields, the green oatfields,the dark-green strips of potatoes in bloom, that glided past.Everything looked as if covered over with varnish--the greenturned greener, the yellow yellower, the black blacker. + +"More! more!" said Nekhludoff, gladdened by the sight of gardensand fields revived by the beneficent shower. The shower did notlast long. Part of the cloud had come down in rain, part passedover, and the last fine drops fell straight on to the earth. Thesun reappeared, everything began to glisten, and in the east--notvery high above the horizon--appeared a bright rainbow, with theviolet tint very distinct and broken only at one end. + +"Why, what was I thinking about?" Nekhludoff asked himself whenall these changes in nature were over, and the train ran into acutting between two high banks. + +"Oh! I was thinking that all those people (inspector, convoymen--all those in the service) are for the greater part kindpeople--cruel only because they are serving." He recalledMaslennikoff's indifference when he told him about what was beingdone in the prison, the inspector's severity, the cruelty of theconvoy officer when he refused places on the carts to those whoasked for them, and paid no attention to the fact that there wasa woman in travail in the train. All these people were evidentlyinvulnerable and impregnable to the simplest feelings ofcompassion only because they held offices. "As officials theywere impermeable to the feelings of humanity, as this pavedground is impermeable to the rain." Thus thought Nekhludoff as helooked at the railway embankment paved with stones of differentcolours, down which the water was running in streams instead ofsoaking into the earth. "Perhaps it is necessary to pave thebanks with stones, but it is sad to look at the ground, whichmight be yielding corn, grass, bushes, or trees in the same wayas the ground visible up there is doing--deprived of vegetation,and so it is with men," thought Nekhludoff. "Perhaps thesegovernors, inspectors, policemen, are needed, but it is terribleto see men deprived of the chief human attribute, that of loveand sympathy for one another. The thing is," he continued, "thatthese people consider lawful what is not lawful, and do notconsider the eternal, immutable law, written in the hearts of menby God, as law. That is why I feel so depressed when I am withthese people. I am simply afraid of them, and really they areterrible, more terrible than robbers. A robber might, after all,feel pity, but they can feel no pity, they are inured againstpity as these stones are against vegetation. That is what makesthem terrible. It is said that the Pougatcheffs, the Razins[leaders of rebellions in Russia: Stonka Razin in the 17th andPougatcheff in the 18th century] are terrible. These are athousand times more terrible," he continued, in his thoughts. "Ifa psychological problem were set to find means of making men ofour time--Christian, humane, simple, kind people--perform themost horrible crimes without feeling guilty, only one solutioncould be devised: to go on doing what is being done. It is onlynecessary that these people should he governors, inspectors,policemen; that they should be fully convinced that there is akind of business, called government service, which allows men totreat other men as things, without human brotherly relations withthem, and also that these people should be so linked together bythis government service that the responsibility for the resultsof their actions should not fall on any one of them separately.Without these conditions, the terrible acts I witnessed to-daywould be impossible in our times. It all lies in the fact thatmen think there are circumstances in which one may deal withhuman beings without love; and there are no such circumstances.One may deal with things without love. one may cut down trees,make bricks, hammer iron without love; but you cannot deal withmen without it, just as one cannot deal with bees without beingcareful. If you deal carelessly with bees you will injure them,and will yourself be injured. And so with men. It cannot beotherwise, because natural love is the fundamental law of humanlife. It is true that a man cannot force another to love him, ashe can force him to work for him; but it does not follow that aman may deal with men without love, especially to demand anythingfrom them. If you feel no love, sit still," Nekhludoff thought;"occupy yourself with things, with yourself, with anything youlike, only not with men. You can only eat without injuringyourself when you feel inclined to eat, so you can only deal withmen usefully when you love. Only let yourself deal with a manwithout love, as I did yesterday with my brother-in-law, andthere are no limits to the suffering you will bring on yourself,as all my life proves. Yes, yes, it is so," thought Nekhludoff;"it is good; yes, it is good," he repeated, enjoying thefreshness after the torturing heat, and conscious of havingattained to the fullest clearness on a question that had longoccupied him. + +CHAPTER XLI. + +TARAS'S STORY. + +The carriage in which Nekhludoff had taken his place was halffilled with people. There were in it servants, working men,factory hands, butchers, Jews, shopmen, workmen's wives, asoldier, two ladies, a young one and an old one with bracelets onher arm, and a severe-looking gentleman with a cockade on hisblack cap. All these people were sitting quietly; the bustle oftaking their places was long over; some sat cracking and eatingsunflower seeds, some smoking, some talking. + +Taras sat, looking very happy, opposite the door, keeping a placefor Nekhludoff, and carrying on an animated conversation with aman in a cloth coat who sat opposite to him, and who was, asNekhludoff afterwards found out, a gardener going to a newsituation. Before reaching the place where Taras sat Nekhludoffstopped between the seats near a reverend-looking old man with awhite beard and nankeen coat, who was talking with a young womanin peasant dress. A little girl of about seven, dressed in a newpeasant costume, sat, her little legs dangling above the floor,by the side of the woman, and kept cracking seeds. + +The old man turned round, and, seeing Nekhludoff, he moved thelappets of his coat off the varnished seat next to him, and said,in a friendly manner: + +"Please, here's a seat." + +Nekhludoff thanked him, and took the seat. As soon as he wasseated the woman continued the interrupted conversation. + +She was returning to her village, and related how her husband,whom she had been visiting, had received her in town. + +"I was there during the carnival, and now, by the Lord's help,I've been again," she said. "Then, God willing, at Christmas I'llgo again." + +"That's right," said the old man, with a look at Nekhludoff,"it's the best way to go and see him, else a young man can easilygo to the bad, living in a town." + +"Oh, no, sir, mine is not such a man. No nonsense of any kindabout him; his life is as good as a young maiden's. The money heearns he sends home all to a copeck. And, as to our girl here, hewas so glad to see her, there are no words for it," said thewoman, and smiled. + +The little girl, who sat cracking her seeds and spitting out theshells, listened to her mother's words, and, as if to confirmthem, looked up with calm, intelligent eyes into Nekhludoff's andthe old man's faces. + +"Well, if he's good, that's better still," said the old man."And none of that sort of thing?" he added, with a look at acouple, evidently factory hands, who sat at the other side of thecarriage. The husband, with his head thrown back, was pouringvodka down his throat out of a bottle, and the wife sat holding abag, out of which they had taken the bottle, and watched himintently. + +"No, mine neither drinks nor smokes," said the woman who wasconversing with the old man, glad of the opportunity of praisingher husband once more. "No, sir, the earth does not hold manysuch." And, turning to Nekhludoff, she added, "That's the sortof man he is." + +"What could be better," said the old man, looking at the factoryworker, who had had his drink and had passed the bottle to hiswife. The wife laughed, shook her head, and also raised thebottle to her lips. + +Noticing Nekhludoff's and the old man's look directed towardsthem, the factory worker addressed the former. + +"What is it, sir? That we are drinking? Ah, no one sees how wework, but every one sees how we drink. I have earned it, and I amdrinking and treating my wife, and no one else." + +"Yes, yes," said Nekhludoff, not knowing what to say. + +"True, sir. My wife is a steady woman. I am satisfied with mywife, because she can feel for me. Is it right what I'm saying,Mavra?" + +"There you are, take it, I don't want any more," said the wife,returning the bottle to him. "And what are you jawing for likethat?" she added. + +"There now! She's good--that good; and suddenly she'll beginsqueaking like a wheel that's not greased. Mavra, is it rightwhat I'm saying?" + +Mavra laughed and moved her hand with a tipsy gesture. + +"Oh, my, he's at it again." + +"There now, she's that good--that good; but let her get her tailover the reins, and you can't think what she'll be up to. . . .Is it right what I'm saying? You must excuse me, sir, I've had adrop! What's to be done?" said the factory worker, and, preparingto go to sleep, put his head in his wife's lap. + +Nekhludoff sat a while with the old man, who told him all abouthimself. The old man was a stove builder, who had been workingfor 53 years, and had built so many stoves that he had lostcount, and now he wanted to rest, but had no time. He had been totown and found employment for the young ones, and was now goingto the country to see the people at home. After hearing the oldman's story, Nekhludoff went to the place that Taras was keepingfor him + +"It's all right, sir; sit down; we'll put the bag here, said thegardener, who sat opposite Taras, in a friendly tone, looking upinto Nekhludoff's face. + +"Rather a tight fit, but no matter since we are friends," saidTaras, smiling, and lifting the bag, which weighed more than fivestone, as if it were a feather, he carried it across to thewindow. + +"Plenty of room; besides, we might stand up a bit; and even underthe seat it's as comfortable as you could wish. What's the goodof humbugging?" he said, beaming with friendliness and kindness. + +Taras spoke of himself as being unable to utter a word when quitesober; but drink, he said, helped him to find the right words,and then he could express everything. And in reality, when he wassober Taras kept silent; but when he had been drinking, whichhappened rarely and only on special occasions, he became verypleasantly talkative. Then he spoke a great deal, spoke well andvery simply and truthfully, and especially with great kindliness,which shone in his gentle, blue eyes and in the friendly smilethat never left his lips. He was in such a state to-day.Nekhludoff's approach interrupted the conversation; but when hehad put the bag in its place, Taras sat down again, and with hisstrong hands folded in his lap, and looking straight into thegardener's face, continued his story. He was telling his newacquaintance about his wife and giving every detail: what she wasbeing sent to Siberia for, and why he was now following her.Nekhludoff had never heard a detailed account of this affair, andso he listened with interest. When he came up, the story hadreached the point when the attempt to poison was already anaccomplished fact, and the family had discovered that it wasTheodosia's doing. + +"It's about my troubles that I'm talking," said Taras, addressingNekhludoff with cordial friendliness. "I have chanced to comeacross such a hearty man, and we've got into conversation, andI'm telling him all." + +"I see," said Nekhludoff. + +"Well, then in this way, my friend, the business became known.Mother, she takes that cake. 'I'm going,' says she, 'to thepolice officer.' My father is a just old man. 'Wait, wife,' sayshe, 'the little woman is a mere child, and did not herself knowwhat she was doing. We must have pity. She may come to hersenses.' But, dear me, mother would not hear of it. 'While wekeep her here,' she says, 'she may destroy us all likecockroaches.' Well, friend, so she goes off for the policeofficer. He bounces in upon us at once. Calls for witnesses." + +"Well, and you?" asked the gardener. + +"Well, I, you see, friend, roll about with the pain in mystomach, and vomit. All my inside is turned inside out; I can'teven speak. Well, so father he goes and harnesses the mare, andputs Theodosia into the cart, and is off to the police-station,and then to the magistrate's. And she, you know, just as she haddone from the first, so also there, confesses all to themagistrate--where she got the arsenic, and how she kneaded thecake. 'Why did you do it?' says he. 'Why,' says she, 'becausehe's hateful to me. I prefer Siberia to a life with him.' That'sme," and Taras smiled. + +"Well, so she confessed all. Then, naturally--the prison, andfather returns alone. And harvest time just coming, and motherthe only woman at home, and she no longer strong. So we thinkwhat we are to do. Could we not bail her out? So father went tosee an official. No go. Then another. I think he went to five ofthem, and we thought of giving it up. Then we happened to comeacross a clerk--such an artful one as you don't often find. 'Yougive me five roubles, and I'll get her out,' says he. He agreedto do it for three. Well, and what do you think, friend? I wentand pawned the linen she herself had woven, and gave him themoney. As soon as he had written that paper," drawled out Taras,just as if he were speaking of a shot being fired, "we succeededat once. I went to fetch her myself. Well, friend, so I got totown, put up the mare, took the paper, and went to the prison.'What do you want?' 'This is what I want,' say I, 'you've got mywife here in prison.' 'And have you got a paper?' I gave him thepaper. He gave it a look. 'Wait,' says he. So I sat down on abench. It was already past noon by the sun. An official comesout. 'You are Vargoushoff?' 'I am.' 'Well, you may take her.' Thegates opened, and they led her out in her own clothes quite allright. 'Well, come along. Have you come on foot?' 'No, I have thehorse here.' So I went and paid the ostler, and harnessed, put inall the hay that was left, and covered it with sacking for her tosit on. She got in and wrapped her shawl round her, and off wedrove. She says nothing and I say nothing. just as we were comingup to the house she says, 'And how's mother; is she alive?' 'Yes,she's alive.' 'And father; is he alive? 'Yes, he is.' 'Forgiveme, Taras,' she says, 'for my folly. I did not myself know what Iwas doing.' So I say, 'Words won't mend matters. I have forgivenyou long ago,' and I said no more. We got home, and she just fellat mother's feet. Mother says, 'The Lord will forgive you.' Andfather said, 'How d'you do?' and 'What's past is past. Live asbest you can. Now,' says he, 'is not the time for all that;there's the harvest to be gathered in down at Skorodino,' hesays. 'Down on the manured acre, by the Lord's help, the groundhas borne such rye that the sickle can't tackle it. It's allinterwoven and heavy, and has sunk beneath its weight; that mustbe reaped. You and Taras had better go and see to it to-morrow.'Well, friend, from that moment she took to the work and worked sothat every one wondered. At that time we rented three desiatins,and by God's help we had a wonderful crop both of oats and rye. Imow and she binds the sheaves, and sometimes we both of us reap.I am good at work and not afraid of it, but she's better still atwhatever she takes up. She's a smart woman, young, and full oflife; and as to work, friend, she'd grown that eager that I hadto stop her. We get home, our fingers swollen, our arms aching,and she, instead of resting, rushes off to the barn to makebinders for the sheaves for next day. Such a change!" + +"Well, and to you? Was she kinder, now?" asked the gardener. + +"That's beyond question. She clings to me as if we were one soul.Whatever I think she understands. Even mother, angry as she was,could not help saying: 'It's as if our Theodosia had beentransformed; she's quite a different woman now!' We were oncegoing to cart the sheaves with two carts. She and I were in thefirst, and I say, 'How could you think of doing that, Theodosia?'and she says, 'How could I think of it? just so, I did not wishto live with you. I thought I'd rather die than live with you!' Isay, 'And now?' and she says, 'Now you're in my heart!'" Tarasstopped, and smiled joyfully, shook his head as if surprised."Hardly had we got the harvest home when I went to soak the hemp,and when I got home there was a summons, she must go to be tried,and we had forgotten all about the matter that she was to betried for." + +"It can only be the evil one," said the gardener. "Could any manof himself think of destroying a living soul? We had a fellowonce--" and the gardener was about to commence his tale when thetrain began to stop. + +"It seems we are coming to a station," he said. "I'll go and havea drink." + +The conversation stopped, and Nekhludoff followed the gardenerout of the carriage onto the wet platform of the station. + +CHAPTER XLII. + +LE VRAI GRAND MONDE. + +Before Nekhludoff got out he had noticed in the station yardseveral elegant equipages, some with three, some with four,well-fed horses, with tinkling bells on their harness. When hestepped out on the wet, dark-coloured boards of the platform, hesaw a group of people in front of the first-class carriage, amongwhom were conspicuous a stout lady with costly feathers on herhat, and a waterproof, and a tall, thin-legged young man in acycling suit. The young man had by his side an enormous, well-feddog, with a valuable collar. Behind them stood footmen, holdingwraps and umbrellas, and a coachman, who had also come to meetthe train. + +On the whole of the group, from the fat lady down to the coachmanwho stood holding up his long coat, there lay the stamp of wealthand quiet self-assurance. A curious and servile crowd rapidlygathered round this group--the station-master, in his red cap, agendarme, a thin young lady in a Russian costume, with beadsround her neck, who made a point of seeing the trains come in allthrough the summer, a telegraph clerk, and passengers, men andwomen. + +In the young man with the dog Nekhludoff recognised youngKorchagin, a gymnasium student. The fat lady was the Princess'ssister, to whose estate the Korchagins were now moving. Theguard, with his gold cord and shiny top-boots, opened the carriagedoor and stood holding it as a sign of deference, while Philipand a porter with a white apron carefully carried out thelong-faced Princess in her folding chair. The sisters greetedeach other, and French sentences began flying about. Would thePrincess go in a closed or an open carriage? At last theprocession started towards the exit, the lady's maid, with hercurly fringe, parasol and leather case in the rear. + +Nekhludoff not wishing to meet them and to have to take leaveover again, stopped before he got to the door, waiting for theprocession to pass. + +The Princess, her son, Missy, the doctor, and the maid went outfirst, the old Prince and his sister-in-law remained behind.Nekhludoff was too far to catch anything but a few disconnectedFrench sentences of their conversation One of the sentencesuttered by the Prince, as it often happens, for someunaccountable reason remained in his memory with all itsintonations and the sound of the voice. + +"Oh, il est du vrai grand monde, du vrai grand monde," said thePrince in his loud, self-assured tone as he went out of thestation with his sister-in-law, accompanied by the respectfulguards and porters. + +At this moment from behind the corner of the station suddenlyappeared a crowd of workmen in bark shoes, wearing sheepskincoats and carrying bags on their backs. The workmen went up tothe nearest carriage with soft yet determined steps, and wereabout to get in, but were at once driven away by a guard. Withoutstopping, the workmen passed on, hurrying and jostling oneanother, to the next carriage and began getting in, catchingtheir bags against the corners and door of the carriage, butanother guard caught sight of them from the door of the station,and shouted at them severely. The workmen, who had already gotin, hurried out again and went on, with the same soft and firmsteps, still further towards Nekhludoff's carriage. A guard wasagain going to stop them, but Nekhludoff said there was plenty ofroom inside, and that they had better get in. They obeyed and gotin, followed by Nekhludoff. + +The workmen were about to take their seats, when the gentlemanwith the cockade and the two ladies, looking at this attempt tosettle in their carriage as a personal insult to themselves,indignantly protested and wanted to turn them out. Theworkmen--there were 20 of them, old men and quite young ones, allof them wearied, sunburnt, with haggard faces--began at once tomove on through the carriage, catching the seats, the walls, andthe doors with their bags. They evidently felt they had offendedin some way, and seemed ready to go on indefinitely wherever theywere ordered to go. + +"Where are you pushing to, you fiends? Sit down here," shoutedanother guard they met. + +"Voild encore des nouvelles," exclaimed the younger of the twoladies, quite convinced that she would attract Nekhludoff'snotice by her good French. + +The other lady with the bracelets kept sniffing and making faces,and remarked something about how pleasant it was to sit withsmelly peasants. + +The workmen, who felt the joy and calm experienced by people whohave escaped some kind of danger, threw off their heavy bags witha movement of their shoulders and stowed them away under theseats. + +The gardener had left his own seat to talk with Taras, and nowwent back, so that there were two unoccupied seats opposite andone next to Taras. Three of the workmen took these seats, butwhen Nekhludoff came up to them, in his gentleman's clothing,they got so confused that they rose to go away, but Nekhludoffasked them to stay, and himself sat down on the arm of the seat,by the passage down the middle of the carriage. + +One of the workmen, a man of about 50, exchanged a surprised andeven frightened look with a young man. That Nekhludoff, insteadof scolding and driving them away, as was natural to a gentleman,should give up his seat to them, astonished and perplexed them.They even feared that this might have some evil result for them. + +However, they soon noticed that there was no underlying plot whenthey heard Nekhludoff talking quite simply with Taras, and theygrew quiet and told one of the lads to sit down on his bag andgive his seat to Nekhludoff. At first the elderly workman who satopposite Nekhludoff shrank and drew back his legs for fear oftouching the gentleman, but after a while he grew quite friendly,and in talking to him and Taras even slapped Nekhludoff on theknee when he wanted to draw special attention to what he wassaying. + +He told them all about his position and his work in the peatbogs, whence he was now returning home. He had been working therefor two and a half months, and was bringing home his wages, whichonly came to 10 roubles, since part had been paid beforehand whenhe was hired. They worked, as he explained, up to their knees inwater from sunrise to sunset, with two hours' interval fordinner. + +"Those who are not used to it find it hard, of course," he said;" but when one's hardened it doesn't matter, if only the food isright. At first the food was bad. Later the people complained,and they got good food, and it was easy to work." + +Then he told them how, during 28 years he went out to work, andsent all his earnings home. First to his father, then to hiseldest brother, and now to his nephew, who was at the head of thehousehold. On himself he spent only two or three roubles of the50 or 60 he earned a year, just for luxuries--tobacco andmatches. + +"I'm a sinner, when tired I even drink a little vodka sometimes,"he added, with a guilty smile. + +Then he told them how the women did the work at home, and how thecontractor had treated them to half a pail of vodka before theystarted to-day, how one of them had died, and another wasreturning home ill. The sick workman he was talking about was ina corner of the same carriage. He was a young lad, with a pale,sallow face and bluish lips. He was evidently tormented byintermittent fever. Nekhludoff went up to him, but the lad lookedup with such a severe and suffering expression that Nekhludoffdid not care to bother him with questions, but advised the elderman to give him quinine, and wrote down the name of the medicine.He wished to give him some money, but the old workman said hewould pay for it himself. + +"Well, much as I have travelled, I have never met such agentleman before. Instead of punching your head, he actuallygives up his place to you," said the old man to Taras. "It seemsthere are all sorts of gentlefolk, too." + +"Yes, this is quite a new and different world," thoughtNekhludoff, looking at these spare, sinewy, limbs, coarse,home-made garments, and sunburnt, kindly, though weary-lookingfaces, and feeling himself surrounded on all sides with newpeople and the serious interests, joys, and sufferings of a lifeof labour. + +"Here is le vrai grand monde," thought Nekhludoff, rememberingthe words of Prince Korchagin and all that idle, luxurious worldto which the Korchagins belonged, with their petty, meaninterests. And he felt the joy of a traveller on discovering anew, unknown, and beautiful world. + +END OF BOOK II. + +BOOK III. + +CHAPTER I. + +MASLOVA MAKES NEW FRIENDS. + +The gang of prisoners to which Maslova belonged had walked aboutthree thousand three hundred miles. She and the other prisonerscondemned for criminal offences had travelled by rail and bysteamboats as far as the town of Perm. It was only here thatNekhludoff succeeded in obtaining a permission for her tocontinue the journey with the political prisoners, as VeraDoukhova, who was among the latter, advised him to do. Thejourney up to Perm had been very trying to Maslova both morallyand physically. Physically, because of the overcrowding, thedirt, and the disgusting vermin, which gave her no peace;morally, because of the equally disgusting men. The men, like thevermin, though they changed at each halting-place, wereeverywhere alike importunate; they swarmed round her, giving herno rest. Among the women prisoners and the men prisoners, thejailers and the convoy soldiers, the habit of a kind of cynicaldebauch was so firmly established that unless a female prisonerwas willing to utilise her position as a woman she had to beconstantly on the watch. To be continually in a state of fear andstrife was very trying. And Maslova was specially exposed toattacks, her appearance being attractive and her past known toevery one. The decided resistance with which she now met theimportunity of all the men seemed offensive to them, and awakenedanother feeling, that of ill-will towards her. But her positionwas made a little easier by her intimacy with Theodosia, andTheodosia's husband, who, having heard of the molestations hiswife was subject to, had in Nijni been arrested at his own desirein order to be able to protect her, and was now travelling withthe gang as a prisoner. Maslova's position became much morebearable when she was allowed to join the political prisoners,who were provided with better accomodations, better food, andwere treated less rudely, but besides all this Maslova'scondition was much improved because among the political prisonersshe was no longer molested by the men, and could live withoutbeing reminded of that past which she was so anxious to forget.But the chief advantage of the change lay in the fact that shemade the acquaintance of several persons who exercised a decidedand most beneficial influence on her character. Maslova wasallowed to stop with the political prisoners at all thehalting-places, but being a strong and healthy woman she wasobliged to march with the criminal convicts. In this way shewalked all the way from Tomsk. Two political prisoners alsomarched with the gang, Mary Pavlovna Schetinina, the girl withthe hazel eyes who had attracted Nekhludoff's attention when hehad been to visit Doukhova in prison, and one Simonson, who wason his way to the Takoutsk district, the dishevelled dark youngfellow with deep-lying eyes, whom Nekhludoff had also noticedduring that visit. Mary Pavlovna was walking because she hadgiven her place on the cart to one of the criminals, a womanexpecting to be confined, and Simonson because he did not dare toavail himself of a class privilege. + +These three always started early in the morning before the restof the political prisoners, who followed later on in the carts. + +They were ready to start in this way just outside a large town,where a new convoy officer had taken charge of the gang. + +It was early on a dull September morning. It kept raining andsnowing alternately, and the cold wind blew in sudden gusts. Thewhole gang of prisoners, consisting of four hundred men and fiftywomen, was already assembled in the court of the halting station.Some of them were crowding round the chief of the convoy, who wasgiving to specially appointed prisoners money for two days' keepto distribute among the rest, while others were purchasing foodfrom women who had been let into the courtyard. One could hearthe voices of the prisoners counting their money and making theirpurchases, and the shrill voices of the women with the food. + +Simonson, in his rubber jacket and rubber overshoes fastened witha string over his worsted stockings (he was a vegetarian andwould not wear the skin of slaughtered animals), was also in thecourtyard waiting for the gang to start. He stood by the porchand jotted down in his notebook a thought that had occurred tohim. This was what he wrote: "If a bacteria watched and examineda human nail it would pronounce it inorganic matter, and thus we,examining our globe and watching its crust, pronounce it to beinorganic. This is incorrect." + +Katusha and Mary Pavlovna, both wearing top-boots and with shawlstied round their heads, came out of the building into thecourtyard where the women sat sheltered from the wind by thenorthern wall of the court, and vied with one another, offeringtheir goods, hot meat pie, fish, vermicelli, buckwheat porridge,liver, beef, eggs, milk. One had even a roast pig to offer. + +Having bought some eggs, bread, fish, and some rusks, Maslova wasputting them into her bag, while Mary Pavlovna was paying thewomen, when a movement arose among the convicts. All were silentand took their places. The officer came out and began giving thelast orders before starting. Everything was done in the usualmanner. The prisoners were counted, the chains on their legsexamined, and those who were to march in couples linked togetherwith manacles. But suddenly the angry, authoritative voice of theofficer shouting something was heard, also the sound of a blowand the crying of a child. All was silent for a moment and thencame a hollow murmur from the crowd. Maslova and Mary Pavlovnaadvanced towards the spot whence the noise proceeded. + +CHAPTER II. + +AN INCIDENT OF THE MARCH. + +This is what Mary Pavlovna and Katusha saw when they came up tothe scene whence the noise proceeded. The officer, a sturdyfellow, with fair moustaches, stood uttering words of foul andcoarse abuse, and rubbing with his left the palm of his righthand, which he had hurt in hitting a prisoner on the face. Infront of him a thin, tall convict, with half his head shaved anddressed in a cloak too short for him and trousers much too short,stood wiping his bleeding face with one hand, and holding alittle shrieking girl wrapped in a shawl with the other. + +"I'll give it you" (foul abuse); "I'll teach you to reason" (moreabuse); "you're to give her to the women!" shouted the officer."Now, then, on with them." + +The convict, who was exiled by the Commune, had been carrying hislittle daughter all the way from Tomsk, where his wife had diedof typhus, and now the officer ordered him to be manacled. Theexile's explanation that he could not carry the child if he wasmanacled irritated the officer, who happened to be in a badtemper, and he gave the troublesome prisoner a beating. [A factdescribed by Lineff in his "Transportation".] Before the injuredconvict stood a convoy soldier, and a black-bearded prisoner withmanacles on one hand and a look of gloom on his face, which heturned now to the officer, now to the prisoner with the littlegirl. + +The officer repeated his orders for the soldiers to take away thegirl. The murmur among the prisoners grew louder. + +"All the way from Tomsk they were not put on," came a hoarsevoice from some one in the rear. "It's a child, and not a puppy." + +"What's he to do with the lassie? That's not the law," said someone else. + +"Who's that?" shouted the officer as if he had been stung, andrushed into the crowd. + +"I'll teach you the law. Who spoke. You? You?" + +"Everybody says so, because-" said a short, broad-faced prisoner. + +Before he had finished speaking the officer hit him in the face. + +"Mutiny, is it? I'll show you what mutiny means. I'll have youall shot like dogs, and the authorities will be only toothankful. Take the girl." + +The crowd was silent. One convoy soldier pulled away the girl,who was screaming desperately, while another manacled theprisoner, who now submissively held out his hand. + +"Take her to the women," shouted the officer, arranging his swordbelt. + +The little girl, whose face had grown quite red, was trying todisengage her arms from under the shawl, and screamedunceasingly. Mary Pavlovna stepped out from among the crowd andcame up to the officer. + +"Will you allow me to carry the little girl?" she said. + +"Who are you?" asked the officer. + +"A political prisoner." + +Mary Pavlovna's handsome face, with the beautiful prominent eyes(he had noticed her before when the prisoners were given into hischarge), evidently produced an effect on the officer. He lookedat her in silence as if considering, then said: "I don't care;carry her if you like. It is easy for you to show pity; if he ranaway who would have to answer?" + +"How could he run away with the child in his arms?" said MaryPavlovna. + +"I have no time to talk with you. Take her if you like." + +"Shall I give her?" asked the soldier. + +"Yes, give her." + +"Come to me," said Mary Pavlovna, trying to coax the child tocome to her. + +But the child in the soldier's arms stretched herself towards herfather and continued to scream, and would not go to MaryPavlovna. + +"Wait a bit, Mary Pavlovna," said Maslova, getting a rusk out ofher bag; "she will come to me." + +The little girl knew Maslova, and when she saw her face and therusk she let her take her. All was quiet. The gates were opened,and the gang stepped out, the convoy counted the prisoners overagain, the bags were packed and tied on to the carts, the weakseated on the top. Maslova with the child in her arms took herplace among the women next to Theodosia. Simonson, who had allthe time been watching what was going on, stepped with large,determined strides up to the officer, who, having given hisorders, was just getting into a trap, and said, "You have behavedbadly." + +"Get to your place; it is no business of yours." + +"It is my business to tell you that you have behaved badly and Ihave said it," said Simonson, looking intently into the officer'sface from under his bushy eyebrows. + +"Ready? March!" the officer called out, paying no heed toSimonson, and, taking hold of the driver's shoulder, he got intothe trap. The gang started and spread out as it stepped on to themuddy high road with ditches on each side, which passed through adense forest. + +CHAPTER III. + +MARY PAVLOVNA. + +In spite of the hard conditions in which they were placed, lifeamong the political prisoners seemed very good to Katusha afterthe depraved, luxurious and effeminate life she had led in townfor the last six years, and after two months' imprisonment withcriminal prisoners. The fifteen to twenty miles they did per day,with one day's rest after two days' marching, strengthened herphysically, and the fellowship with her new companions opened outto her a life full of interests such as she had never dreamed of.People so wonderful (as she expressed it) as those whom she wasnow going with she had not only never met but could not even haveimagined. + +"There now, and I cried when I was sentenced," she said. "Why, Imust thank God for it all the days of my life. I have learned toknow what I never should have found out else." + +The motives she understood easily and without effort that guidedthese people, and, being of the people, fully sympathised withthem. She understood that these persons were for the people andagainst the upper classes, and though themselves belonging to theupper classes had sacrificed their privileges, their liberty andtheir lives for the people. This especially made her value andadmire them. She was charmed with all the new companions, butparticularly with Mary Pavlovna, and she was not only charmedwith her, but loved her with a peculiar, respectful and rapturouslove. She was struck by the fact that this beautiful girl, thedaughter of a rich general, who could speak three languages, gaveaway all that her rich brother sent her, and lived like thesimplest working girl, and dressed not only simply, but poorly,paying no heed to her appearance. This trait and a completeabsence of coquetry was particularly surprising and thereforeattractive to Maslova. Maslova could see that Mary Pavlovna knew,and was even pleased to know, that she was handsome, and yet theeffect her appearance had on men was not at all pleasing to her;she was even afraid of it, and felt an absolute disgust to alllove affairs. Her men companions knew it, and if they feltattracted by her never permitted themselves to show it to her,but treated her as they would a man; but with strangers, whooften molested her, the great physical strength on which sheprided herself stood her in good stead. + +"It happened once," she said to Katusha, "that a man followed mein the street and would not leave me on any account. At last Igave him such a shaking that he was frightened and ran away." + +She became a revolutionary, as she said, because she felt adislike to the life of the well-to-do from childhood up, andloved the life of the common people, and she was always beingscolded for spending her time in the servants' hall, in thekitchen or the stables instead of the drawing-room. + +"And I found it amusing to be with cooks and the coachmen, anddull with our gentlemen and ladies," she said. "Then when I cameto understand things I saw that our life was altogether wrong; Ihad no mother and I did not care for my father, and so when I wasnineteen I left home, and went with a girl friend to work as afactory hand." + +After she left the factory she lived in the country, thenreturned to town and lived in a lodging, where they had a secretprinting press. There she was arrested and sentenced to hardlabour. Mary Pavlovna said nothing about it herself, but Katushaheard from others that Mary Pavlovna was sentenced because, whenthe lodging was searched by the police and one of therevolutionists fired a shot in the dark, she pleaded guilty. + +As soon as she had learned to know Mary Pavlovna, Katusha noticedthat, whatever the conditions she found herself in, Mary Pavlovnanever thought of herself, but was always anxious to serve, tohelp some one, in matters small or great. One of her presentcompanions, Novodvoroff, said of her that she devoted herself tophilanthropic amusements. And this was true. The interest of herwhole life lay in the search for opportunities of serving others.This kind of amusement had become the habit, the business of herlife. And she did it all so naturally that those who knew her nolonger valued but simply expected it of her. + +When Maslova first came among them, Mary Pavlovna felt repulsedand disgusted. Katusha noticed this, but she also noticed that,having made an effort to overcome these feelings, Mary Pavlovnabecame particularly tender and kind to her. The tenderness andkindness of so uncommon a being touched Maslova so much that shegave her whole heart, and unconsciously accepting her views,could not help imitating her in everything. + +This devoted love of Katusha touched Mary Pavlovna in her turn,and she learned to love Katusha. + +These women were also united by the repulsion they both felt tosexual love. The one loathed that kind of love, havingexperienced all its horrors, the other, never having experiencedit, looked on it as something incomprehensible and at the sametime as something repugnant and offensive to human dignity. + +CHAPTER IV. + +SIMONSON. + +Mary Pavlovna's influence was one that Maslova submitted tobecause she loved Mary Pavlovna. Simonson influenced her becausehe loved her. + +Everybody lives and acts partly according to his own, partlyaccording to other people's, ideas. This is what constitutes oneof the great differences among men. To some, thinking is a kindof mental game; they treat their reason as if it were a fly-wheelwithout a connecting strap, and are guided in their actions byother people's ideas, by custom or laws; while others look upontheir own ideas as the chief motive power of all their actions,and always listen to the dictates of their own reason and submitto it, accepting other people's opinions only on rare occasionsand after weighing them critically. Simonson was a man of thelatter sort; he settled and verified everything according to hisown reason and acted on the decisions he arrived at. When aschoolboy he made up his mind that his father's income, made as apaymaster in government office was dishonestly gained, and hetold his father that it ought to be given to the people. When hisfather, instead of listening to him, gave him a scolding, he lefthis father's house and would not make use of his father's means.Having come to the conclusion that all the existing misery was aresult of the people's ignorance, he joined the socialists, whocarried on propaganda among the people, as soon as he left theuniversity and got a place as a village schoolmaster. He taughtand explained to his pupils and to the peasants what heconsidered to be just, and openly blamed what he thought unjust.He was arrested and tried. During his trial he determined to tellhis judges that his was a just cause, for which he ought not tobe tried or punished. When the judges paid no heed to his words,but went on with the trial, he decided not to answer them andkept resolutely silent when they questioned him. He was exiled tothe Government of Archangel. There he formulated a religiousteaching which was founded on the theory that everything in theworld was alive, that nothing is lifeless, and that all theobjects we consider to be without life or inorganic are onlyparts of an enormous organic body which we cannot compass. Aman's task is to sustain the life of that huge organism and allits animate parts. Therefore he was against war, capitalpunishment and every kind of killing, not only of human beings,but also of animals. Concerning marriage, too, he had a peculiaridea of his own; he thought that increase was a lower function ofman, the highest function being to serve the already existinglives. He found a confirmation of his theory in the fact thatthere were phacocytes in the blood. Celibates, according to hisopinion, were the same as phacocytes, their function being tohelp the weak and the sickly particles of the organism. From themoment he came to this conclusion he began to consider himself aswell as Mary Pavlovna as phacocytes, and to live accordingly,though as a youth he had been addicted to vice. His love forKatusha did not infringe this conception, because he loved herplatonically, and such love he considered could not hinder hisactivity as a phacocytes, but acted, on the contrary, as aninspiration. + +Not only moral, but also most practical questions he decided inhis own way. He applied a theory of his own to all practicalbusiness, had rules relating to the number of hours for rest andfor work, to the kind of food to eat, the way to dress, to heatand light up the rooms. With all this Simonson was very shy andmodest; and yet when he had once made up his mind nothing couldmake him waver. And this man had a decided influence on Maslovathrough his love for her. With a woman's instinct Maslova verysoon found out that he loved her. And the fact that she couldawaken love in a man of that kind raised her in her ownestimation. It was Nekhludoff's magnanimity and what had been inthe past that made him offer to marry her, but Simonson loved hersuch as she was now, loved her simply because of the love he boreher. And she felt that Simonson considered her to be anexceptional woman, having peculiarly high moral qualities. Shedid not quite know what the qualities he attributed to her were,but in order to be on the safe side and that he should not bedisappointed in her, she tried with all her might to awaken inherself all the highest qualities she could conceive, and shetried to be as good as possible. This had begun while they werestill in prison, when on a common visiting day she had noticedhis kindly dark blue eyes gazing fixedly at her from under hisprojecting brow. Even then she had noticed that this was apeculiar man, and that he was looking at her in a peculiarmanner, and had also noticed the striking combination ofsternness--the unruly hair and the frowning forehead gave himthis appearance--with the child-like kindness and innocence ofhis look. She saw him again in Tomsk, where she joined thepolitical prisoners. Though they had not uttered a word, theirlooks told plainly that they had understood one another. Evenafter that they had had no serious conversation with each other,but Maslova felt that when he spoke in her presence his wordswere addressed to her, and that he spoke for her sake, trying toexpress himself as plainly as he could; but it was when hestarted walking with the criminal prisoners that they grewspecially near to one another. + +CHAPTER V. + +THE POLITICAL PRISONERS. + +Until they left Perm Nekhludoff only twice managed to seeKatusha, once in Nijni, before the prisoners were embarked on abarge surrounded with a wire netting, and again in Perm in theprison office. At both these interviews he found her reserved andunkind. She answered his questions as to whether she was in wantof anything, and whether she was comfortable, evasively andbashfully, and, as he thought, with the same feeling of hostilereproach which she had shown several times before. Her depressedstate of mind, which was only the result of the molestations fromthe men that she was undergoing at the time, tormentedNekhludoff. He feared lest, influenced by the hard and degradingcircumstances in which she was placed on the journey, she shouldagain get into that state of despair and discord with her ownself which formerly made her irritable with him, and which hadcaused her to drink and smoke excessively to gain oblivion. Buthe was unable to help her in any way during this part of thejourney, as it was impossible for him to be with her. It was onlywhen she joined the political prisoners that he saw how unfoundedhis fears were, and at each interview he noticed that innerchange he so strongly desired to see in her becoming more andmore marked. The first time they met in Tomsk she was again justas she had been when leaving Moscow. She did not frown or becomeconfused when she saw him, but met him joyfully and simply,thanking him for what he had done for her, especially forbringing her among the people with whom she now was. + +After two months' marching with the gang, the change that hadtaken place within her became noticeable in her appearance. Shegrew sunburned and thinner, and seemed older; wrinkles appearedon her temples and round her mouth. She had no ringlets on herforehead now, and her hair was covered with the kerchief; in theway it was arranged, as well as in her dress and her manners,there was no trace of coquetry left. And this change, which hadtaken place and was still progressing in her, made Nekhludoffvery happy. + +He felt for her something he had never experienced before. Thisfeeling had nothing in common with his first poetic love for her,and even less with the sensual love that had followed, nor evenwith the satisfaction of a duty fulfilled, not unmixed withself-admiration, with which he decided to marry her after thetrial. The present feeling was simply one of pity and tenderness.He had felt it when he met her in prison for the first time, andthen again when, after conquering his repugnance, he forgave herthe imagined intrigue with the medical assistant in the hospital(the injustice done her had since been discovered); it was thesame feeling he now had, only with this difference, that formerlyit was momentary, and that now it had become permanent. Whateverhe was doing, whatever he was thinking now, a feeling of pity andtenderness dwelt with him, and not only pity and tenderness forher, but for everybody. This feeling seemed to have opened thefloodgates of love, which had found no outlet in Nekhludoff'ssoul, and the love now flowed out to every one he met. + +During this journey Nekhludoff's feelings were so stimulated thathe could not help being attentive and considerate to everybody,from the coachman and the convoy soldiers to the prisoninspectors and governors whom he had to deal with. Now thatMaslova was among the political prisoners, Nekhludoff could nothelp becoming acquainted with many of them, first inEkaterinburg, where they had a good deal of freedom and were keptaltogether in a large cell, and then on the road when Maslova wasmarching with three of the men and four of the women. Coming incontact with political exiles in this way made Nekhludoffcompletely change his mind concerning them. + +From the very beginning of the revolutionary movement in Russia,but especially since that first of March, when Alexander II wasmurdered, Nekhludoff regarded the revolutionists with dislike andcontempt. He was repulsed by the cruelty and secrecy of themethods they employed in their struggles against the government,especially the cruel murders they committed, and their arrogancealso disgusted him. But having learned more intimately to knowthem and all they had suffered at the hands of the government, hesaw that they could not be other than they were + +Terrible and endless as were the torments which were inflicted onthe criminals, there was at least some semblance of justice shownthem before and after they were sentenced, but in the case of thepolitical prisoners there was not even that semblance, asNekhludoff saw in the case of Sholostova and that of many andmany of his new acquaintances. These people were dealt with likefish caught with a net; everything that gets into the nets ispulled ashore, and then the big fish which are required aresorted out and the little ones are left to perish unheeded on theshore. Having captured hundreds that were evidently guiltless,and that could not be dangerous to the government, they left themimprisoned for years, where they became consumptive, went out oftheir minds or committed suicide, and kept them only because theyhad no inducement to set them free, while they might be of use toelucidate some question at a judicial inquiry, safe in prison.The fate of these persons, often innocent even from thegovernment point of view, depended on the whim, the humour of, orthe amount of leisure at the disposal of some police officer orspy, or public prosecutor, or magistrate, or governor, orminister. Some one of these officials feels dull, or inclined todistinguish himself, and makes a number of arrests, and imprisonsor sets free, according to his own fancy or that of the higherauthorities. And the higher official, actuated by like motives,according to whether he is inclined to distinguish himself, or towhat his relations to the minister are, exiles men to the otherside of the world or keeps them in solitary confinement, condemnsthem to Siberia, to hard labour, to death, or sets them free atthe request of some lady. + +They were dealt with as in war, and they naturally employed themeans that were used against them. And as the military men livein an atmosphere of public opinion that not only conceals fromthem the guilt of their actions, but sets these actions up asfeats of heroism, so these political offenders were alsoconstantly surrounded by an atmosphere of public opinion whichmade the cruel actions they committed, in the face of danger andat the risk of liberty and life, and all that is dear to men,seem not wicked but glorious actions. Nekhludoff found in thisthe explanation of the surprising phenomenon that men, with themildest characters, who seemed incapable of witnessing thesufferings of any living creature, much less of inflicting pain,quietly prepared to murder men, nearly all of them consideringmurder lawful and just on certain occasions as a means forself-defence, for the attainment of higher aims or for thegeneral welfare. + +The importance they attribute to their cause, and consequently tothemselves, flowed naturally from the importance the governmentattached to their actions, and the cruelty of the punishments itinflicted on them. When Nekhludoff came to know them better hebecame convinced that they were not the right-down villains thatsome imagined them to be, nor the complete heroes that othersthought them, but ordinary people, just the same as others, amongwhom there were some good and some bad, and some mediocre, asthere are everywhere. + +There were some among them who had turned revolutionists becausethey honestly considered it their duty to fight the existingevils, but there were also those who chose this work for selfish,ambitious motives; the majority, however, was attracted to therevolutionary idea by the desire for danger, for risks, theenjoyment of playing with one's life, which, as Nekhludoff knewfrom his military experiences, is quite common to the mostordinary people while they are young and full of energy. Butwherein they differed from ordinary people was that their moralstandard was a higher one than that of ordinary men. Theyconsidered not only self-control, hard living, truthfulness, butalso the readiness to sacrifice everything, even life, for thecommon welfare as their duty. Therefore the best among them stoodon a moral level that is not often reached, while the worst werefar below the ordinary level, many of them being untruthful,hypocritical and at the same time self-satisfied and proud. Sothat Nekhludoff learned not only to respect but to love some ofhis new acquaintances, while he remained more than indifferent toothers. + +CHAPTER VI. + +KRYLTZOFF'S STORY. + +Nekhludoff grew especially fond of Kryltzoff, a consumptive youngman condemned to hard labour, who was going with the same gang asKatusha. Nekhludoff had made his acquaintance already inEkaterinburg, and talked with him several times on the road afterthat. Once, in summer, Nekhludoff spent nearly the whole of a daywith him at a halting station, and Kryltzoff, having once startedtalking, told him his story and how he had become arevolutionist. Up to the time of his imprisonment his story wassoon told. He lost his father, a rich landed proprietor in thesouth of Russia, when still a child. He was the only son, and hismother brought him up. He learned easily in the university, aswell as the gymnasium, and was first in the mathematical facultyin his year. He was offered a choice of remaining in theuniversity or going abroad. He hesitated. He loved a girl and wasthinking of marriage, and taking part in the ruraladministration. He did not like giving up either offer, and couldnot make up his mind. At this time his fellow-students at theuniversity asked him for money for a common cause. He did notknow that this common cause was revolutionary, which he was notinterested in at that time, but gave the money from a sense ofcomradeship and vanity, so that it should not be said that he wasafraid. Those who received the money were caught, a note wasfound which proved that the money had been given by Kryltzoff. hewas arrested, and first kept at the police station, thenimprisoned. + +"The prison where I was put," Kryltzoff went on to relate (he wassitting on the high shelf bedstead, his elbows on his knees, withsunken chest, the beautiful, intelligent eyes with which helooked at Nekhludoff glistening feverishly)-- "they were notspecially strict in that prison. We managed to converse, not onlyby tapping the wall, but could walk about the corridors, shareour provisions and our tobacco, and in the evenings we even sangin chorus. I had a fine voice--yes, if it had not been for motherit would have been all right, even pleasant and interesting. HereI made the acquaintance of the famous Petroff--he afterwardskilled himself with a piece of glass at the fortress --and alsoof others. But I was not yet a revolutionary. I also becameacquainted with my neighbours in the cells next to mine. Theywere both caught with Polish proclamations and arrested in thesame cause, and were tried for an attempt to escape from theconvoy when they were being taken to the railway station. One wasa Pole, Lozinsky; the other a Jew, Rozovsky. Yes. Well, thisRozovsky was quite a boy. He said he was seventeen, but he lookedfifteen--thin, small, active, with black, sparkling eyes, and,like most Jews, very musical. His voice was still breaking, andyet he sang beautifully. Yes. I saw them both taken to be tried.They were taken in the morning. They returned in the evening,and said they were condemned to death. No one had expected it.Their case was so unimportant; they only tried to get away fromthe convoy, and had not even wounded any one. And then it was sounnatural to execute such a child as Rozovsky. And we in prisonall came to the conclusion that it was only done to frightenthem, and would not be confirmed. At first we were excited, andthen we comforted ourselves, and life went on as before. Yes.Well, one evening, a watchman comes to my door and mysteriouslyannounces to me that carpenters had arrived, and were putting upthe gallows. At first I did not understand. What's that? Whatgallows? But the watchman was so excited that I saw at once itwas for our two. I wished to tap and communicate with mycomrades, but was afraid those two would hear. The comrades werealso silent. Evidently everybody knew. In the corridors and inthe cells everything was as still as death all that evening. Theydid not tap the wall nor sing. At ten the watchman came again andannounced that a hangman had arrived from Moscow. He said it andwent away. I began calling him back. Suddenly I hear Rozovskyshouting to me across the corridor: 'What's the matter? Why doyou call him?' I answered something about asking him to get mesome tobacco, but he seemed to guess, and asked me: 'Why did wenot sing to-night, why did we not tap the walls?' I do notremember what I said, but I went away so as not to speak to him.Yes. It was a terrible night. I listened to every sound allnight. Suddenly, towards morning, I hear doors opening andsomebody walking--many persons. I went up to my window. Therewas a lamp burning in the corridor. The first to pass was theinspector. He was stout, and seemed a resolute, self-satisfiedman, but he looked ghastly pale, downcast, and seemed frightened;then his assistant, frowning but resolute; behind them thewatchman. They passed my door and stopped at the next, and I hearthe assistant calling out in a strange voice: 'Lozinsky, get upand put on clean linen.' Yes. Then I hear the creaking of thedoor; they entered into his cell. Then I hear Lozinsky's stepsgoing to the opposite side of the corridor. I could only see theinspector. He stood quite pale, and buttoned and unbuttoned hiscoat, shrugging his shoulders. Yes. Then, as if frightened ofsomething, he moved out of the way. It was Lozinsky, who passedhim and came up to my door. A handsome young fellow he was, youknow, of that nice Polish type: broad shouldered, his headcovered with fine, fair, curly hair as with a cap, and withbeautiful blue eyes. So blooming, so fresh, so healthy. Hestopped in front of my window, so that I could see the whole ofhis face. A dreadful, gaunt, livid face. 'Kryltzoff, have you anycigarettes?' I wished to pass him some, but the assistanthurriedly pulled out his cigarette case and passed it to him. Hetook out one, the assistant struck a match, and he lit thecigarette and began to smoke and seemed to be thinking. Then, asif he had remembered something, he began to speak. 'It is crueland unjust. I have committed no crime. I--' I saw somethingquiver in his white young throat, from which I could not take myeyes, and he stopped. Yes. At that moment I hear Rozovskyshouting in his fine, Jewish voice. Lozinsky threw away thecigarette and stepped from the door. And Rozovsky appeared at thewindow. His childish face, with the limpid black eyes, was redand moist. He also had clean linen on, the trousers were toowide, and he kept pulling them up and trembled all over. Heapproached his pitiful face to my window. 'Kryltzoff, it's truethat the doctor has prescribed cough mixture for me, is it not? Iam not well. I'll take some more of the mixture.' No oneanswered, and he looked inquiringly, now at me, now at theinspector. What he meant to say I never made out. Yes. Suddenlythe assistant again put on a stern expression, and called out ina kind of squeaking tone: 'Now, then, no nonsense. Let us go.'Rozovsky seemed incapable of understanding what awaited him, andhurried, almost ran, in front of him all along the corridor. Butthen he drew back, and I could hear his shrill voice and hiscries, then the trampling of feet, and general hubbub. He wasshrieking and sobbing. The sounds came fainter and fainter, andat last the door rattled and all was quiet. Yes. And so theyhanged them. Throttled them both with a rope. A watchman, anotherone, saw it done, and told me that Lozinsky did not resist, butRozovsky struggled for a long time, so that they had to pull himup on to the scaffold and to force his head into the noose. Yes.This watchman was a stupid fellow. He said: 'They told me, sir,that it would be frightful, but it was not at all frightful.After they were hanged they only shrugged their shoulders twice,like this.' He showed how the shoulders convulsively rose andfell. 'Then the hangman pulled a bit so as to tighten the noose,and it was all up, and they never budged."' And Kryltzoffrepeated the watchman's words, "Not at all frightful," and triedto smile, but burst into sobs instead. + +For a long time after that he kept silent, breathing heavily, andrepressing the sobs that were choking him. + +"From that time I became a revolutionist. Yes," he said, when hewas quieter and finished his story in a few words. He belonged tothe Narodovoltzy party, and was even at the head of thedisorganising group, whose object was to terrorise the governmentso that it should give up its power of its own accord. With thisobject he travelled to Petersburg, to Kiev, to Odessa and abroad,and was everywhere successful. A man in whom he had fullconfidence betrayed him. He was arrested, tried, kept in prisonfor two years, and condemned to death, but the sentence wasmitigated to one of hard labour for life. + +He went into consumption while in prison, and in the conditionshe was now placed he had scarcely more than a few months longerto live. This he knew, but did not repent of his action, but saidthat if he had another life he would use it in the same way todestroy the conditions in which such things as he had seen werepossible. + +This man's story and his intimacy with him explained toNekhludoff much that he had not previously understood. + +CHAPTER VII. + +NEKHLUDOFF SEEKS AN INTERVIEW WITH MASLOVA. + +On the day when the convoy officer had the encounter with theprisoners at the halting station about the child, Nekhludoff, whohad spent the night at the village inn, woke up late, and wassome time writing letters to post at the next Government town, sothat he left the inn later than usual, and did not catch up withthe gang on the road as he had done previously, but came to thevillage where the next halting station was as it was growingdusk. + +Having dried himself at the inn, which was kept by an elderlywoman who had an extraordinarily fat, white neck, he had his teain a clean room decorated with a great number of icons andpictures and then hurried away to the halting station to ask theofficer for an interview with Katusha. At the last six haltingstations he could not get the permission for an interview fromany of the officers. Though they had been changed several times,not one of them would allow Nekhludoff inside the haltingstations, so that he had not seen Katusha for more than a week.This strictness was occasioned by the fact that an importantprison official was expected to pass that way. Now this officialhad passed without looking in at the gang, after all, andNekhludoff hoped that the officer who had taken charge of thegang in the morning would allow him an interview with theprisoners, as former officers had done. + +The landlady offered Nekhludoff a trap to drive him to thehalting station, situated at the farther end of the village, butNekhludoff preferred to walk. A young labourer, abroad-shouldered young fellow of herculean dimensions, withenormous top-boots freshly blackened with strongly smelling tar,offered himself as a guide. + +A dense mist obscured the sky, and it was so dark that when theyoung fellow was three steps in advance of him Nekhludoff couldnot see him unless the light of some window happened to fall onthe spot, but he could hear the heavy boots wading through thedeep, sticky slush. After passing the open place in front of thechurch and the long street, with its rows of windows shiningbrightly in the darkness, Nekhludoff followed his guide to theoutskirts of the village, where it was pitch dark. But soon here,too, rays of light, streaming through the mist from the lamps inthe front of the halting station, became discernible through thedarkness. The reddish spots of light grew bigger and bigger; atlast the stakes of the palisade, the moving figure of thesentinel, a post painted with white and black stripes and thesentinel's box became visible. + +The sentinel called his usual "Who goes there?" as theyapproached, and seeing they were strangers treated them with suchseverity that he would not allow them to wait by the palisade;but Nekhludoff's guide was not abashed by this severity. + +"Hallo, lad! why so fierce? You go and rouse your boss while wewait here?" + +The sentinel gave no answer, but shouted something in at the gateand stood looking at the broad-shouldered young labourer scrapingthe mud off Nekhludoff's boots with a chip of wood by the lightof the lamp. From behind the palisade came the hum of male andfemale voices. In about three minutes more something rattled, thegate opened, and a sergeant, with his cloak thrown over hisshoulders, stepped out of the darkness into the lamplight. + +The sergeant was not as strict as the sentinel, but he wasextremely inquisitive. He insisted on knowing what Nekhludoffwanted the officer for, and who he was, evidently scenting hisbooty and anxious not to let it escape. Nekhludoff said he hadcome on special business, and would show his gratitude, and wouldthe sergeant take a note for him to the officer. The sergeanttook the note, nodded, and went away. Some time after the gaterattled again, and women carrying baskets, boxes, jugs and sackscame out, loudly chattering in their peculiar Siberian dialect asthey stepped over the threshold of the gate. None of them worepeasant costumes, but were dressed town fashion, wearing jacketsand fur-lined cloaks. Their skirts were tucked up high, and theirheads wrapped up in shawls. They examined Nekhludoff and hisguide curiously by the light of the lamp. One of them showedevident pleasure at the sight of the broad-shouldered fellow, andaffectionately administered to him a dose of Siberian abuse. + +"You demon, what are you doing here? The devil take you," shesaid, addressing him. + +"I've been showing this traveller here the way," answered theyoung fellow. "And what have you been bringing here?" + +"Dairy produce, and I am to bring more in the morning." + +The guide said something in answer that made not only the womenbut even the sentinel laugh, and, turning to Nekhludoff, he said: + +"You'll find your way alone? Won't get lost, will you? + +"I shall find it all right." + +"When you have passed the church it's the second from thetwo-storied house. Oh, and here, take my staff," he said, handingthe stick he was carrying, and which was longer than himself, toNekhludoff; and splashing through the mud with his enormousboots, he disappeared in the darkness, together with the women. + +His voice mingling with the voices of the women was still audiblethrough the fog, when the gate again rattled, and the sergeantappeared and asked Nekhludoff to follow him to the officer. + +CHAPTER VIII. + +NEKHLUDOFF AND THE OFFICER. + +This halting station, like all such stations along the Siberianroad, was surrounded by a courtyard, fenced in with a palisade ofsharp-pointed stakes, and consisted of three one-storied houses.One of them, the largest, with grated windows, was for theprisoners, another for the convoy soldiers, and the third, inwhich the office was, for the officers. + +There were lights in the windows of all the three houses, and,like all such lights, they promised, here in a speciallydeceptive manner, something cosy inside the walls. Lamps wereburning before the porches of the houses and about five lampsmore along the walls lit up the yard. + +The sergeant led Nekhludoff along a plank which lay across theyard up to the porch of the smallest of the houses. + +When he had gone up the three steps of the porch he letNekhludoff pass before him into the ante-room, in which a smalllamp was burning, and which was filled with smoky fumes. By thestove a soldier in a coarse shirt with a necktie and blacktrousers, and with one top-boot on, stood blowing the charcoal ina somovar, using the other boot as bellows. [The long boots wornin Russia have concertina-like sides, and when held to thechimney of the somovar can be used instead of bellows to make thecharcoal inside burn up.] When he saw Nekhludoff, the soldierleft the somovar and helped him off with his waterproof; thenwent into the inner room. + +"He has come, your honour." + +"Well, ask him in," came an angry voice. + +"Go in at the door," said the soldier, and went back to thesomovar. + +In the next room an officer with fair moustaches and a very redface, dressed in an Austrian jacket that closely fitted his broadchest and shoulders, sat at a covered table, on which were theremains of his dinner and two bottles; there was a strong smellof tobacco and some very strong, cheap scent in the warm room. Onseeing Nekhludoff the officer rose and gazed ironically andsuspiciously, as it seemed, at the newcomer. + +"What is it you want?" he asked, and, not waiting for a reply,he shouted through the open door: + +"Bernoff, the somovar! What are you about?" + +"Coming at once." + +"You'll get it 'at once' so that you'll remember it," shouted theofficer, and his eyes flashed. + +"I'm coming," shouted the soldier, and brought in the somovar.Nekhludoff waited while the soldier placed the somovar on thetable. When the officer had followed the soldier out of the roomwith his cruel little eyes looking as if they were aiming wherebest to hit him, he made the tea, got the four-cornered decanterout of his travelling case and some Albert biscuits, and havingplaced all this on the cloth he again turned to Nekhludoff."Well, how can I he of service to you?" + +"I should like to be allowed to visit a prisoner," saidNekhludoff, without sitting down. + +"A political one? That's forbidden by the law," said the officer. + +"The woman I mean is not a political prisoner," said Nekhludoff. + +"Yes. But pray take a scat," said the officer. Nekhludoff satdown. + +"She is not a political one, but at my request she has beenallowed by the higher authorities to join the politicalprisoners--" + +"Oh, yes, I know," interrupted the other; "a little dark one?Well, yes, that can be managed. Won't you smoke?" He moved a boxof cigarettes towards Nekhludoff, and, having carefully pouredout two tumblers of tea, he passed one to Nekhludoff. "If youplease," he said. + +"Thank you; I should like to see--" + +"The night is long. You'll have plenty of time. I shall order herto be sent out to you." + +"But could I not see her where she is? Why need she be sent for?"Nekhludoff said. + +"In to the political prisoners? It is against the law." + +"I have been allowed to go in several times. If there is anydanger of my passing anything in to them I could do it throughher just as well.' + +"Oh, no; she would be searched," said the officer, and laughed inan unpleasant manner. + +"Well, why not search me?" + +"All right; we'll manage without that," said the officer, openingthe decanter, and holding it out towards Nekhludoff's tumbler oftea. "May I? No? Well, just as you like. When you are living herein Siberia you are too glad to meet an educated person. Our work,as you know, is the saddest, and when one is used to betterthings it is very hard. The idea they have of us is that convoyofficers are coarse, uneducated men, and no one seems to rememberthat we may have been born for a very different position." + +This officer's red face, his scents, his rings, and especiallyhis unpleasant laughter disgusted Nekhludoff very much, butto-day, as during the whole of his journey, he was in thatserious, attentive state which did not allow him to behaveslightingly or disdainfully towards any man, but made him feelthe necessity of speaking to every one "entirely," as heexpressed to himself, this relation to men. When he had heard theofficer and understood his state of mind, he said in a seriousmanner: + +"I think that in your position, too, some comfort could be foundin helping the suffering people," he said. + +"What are their sufferings? You don't know what these peopleare." + +"They are not special people," said Nekhludoff ; "they are justsuch people as others, and some of them are quite innocent." + +"Of course, there are all sorts among them, and naturally onepities them. Others won't let anything off, but I try to lightentheir condition where I can. It's better that I should suffer,but not they. Others keep to the law in every detail, even as faras to shoot, but I show pity. May I?--Take another," he said, andpoured out another tumbler of tea for Nekhludoff. + +"And who is she, this woman that you want to see?" he asked. + +"It is an unfortunate woman who got into a brothel, and was therefalsely accused of poisoning, and she is a very good woman,"Nekhludoff answered. + +The officer shook his head. "Yes, it does happen. I can tell youabout a certain Ernma who lived in Kasan. She was a Hungarian bybirth, but she had quite Persian eyes," he continued, unable torestrain a smile at the recollection; "there was so much chicabout her that a countess--" + +Nekhludoff interrupted the officer and returned to the formertopic of conversation. + +"I think that you could lighten the condition of the people whilethey are in your charge. And in acting that way I am sure youwould find great joy!" said Nekhludoff, trying to pronounce asdistinctly as possible, as he might if talking to a foreigner ora child. + +The officer looked at Nekhludoff impatiently, waiting for him tostop so as to continue the tale about the Hungarian with Persianeyes, who evidently presented herself very vividly to hisimagination and quite absorbed his attention. + +"Yes, of course, this is all quite true," he said, "and I do pitythem; but I should like to tell you about Emma. What do you thinkshe did--?" + +"It does not interest me," said Nekhludoff, "and I will tell youstraight, that though I was myself very different at one time, Inow hate that kind of relation to women." + +The officer gave Nekhludoff a frightened look. + +"Won't you take some more tea?" he said. + +"No, thank you." + +"Bernoff!" the officer called, "take the gentleman to Vakouloff.Tell him to let him into the separate political room. He mayremain there till the inspection." + +CHAPTER IX. + +THE POLITICAL PRISONERS. + +Accompanied by the orderly, Nekhludoff went out into thecourtyard, which was dimly lit up by the red light of the lamps. + +"Where to?" asked the convoy sergeant, addressing the orderly. + +"Into the separate cell, No. 5." + +"You can't pass here; the boss has gone to the village and takenthe keys." + +"Well, then, pass this way." + +The soldier led Nekhludoff along a board to another entrance.While still in the yard Nekhludoff could hear the din of voicesand general commotion going on inside as in a beehive when thebees are preparing to swarm; but when he came nearer and the dooropened the din grew louder, and changed into distinct sounds ofshouting, abuse and laughter. He heard the clatter of chairs andsmelt the well-known foul air. This din of voices and the clatterof the chairs, together with the close smell, always flowed intoone tormenting sensation, and produced in Nekhludoff a feeling ofmoral nausea which grew into physical sickness, the two feelingsmingling with and heightening each other. + +The first thing Nekhludoff saw, on entering, was a large,stinking tub. A corridor into which several doors opened led fromthe entrance. The first was the family room, then the bachelors'room, and at the very end two small rooms were set apart for thepolitical prisoners. + +The buildings, which were arranged to hold one hundred and fiftyprisoners, now that there were four hundred and fifty inside,were so crowded that the prisoners could not all get into therooms, but filled the passage, too. Some were sitting or lying onthe floor, some were going out with empty teapots, or bringingthem back filled with boiling water. Among the latter was Taras.He overtook Nekhludoff and greeted him affectionately. The kindface of Taras was disfigured by dark bruises on his nose andunder his eye. + +"What has happened to you?" asked Nekhludoff. + +"Yes, something did happen," Taras said, with a smile. + +"All because of the woman," added a prisoner, who followed Taras;"he's had a row with Blind Fedka." + +"And how's Theodosia?" + +"She's all right. Here I am bringing her the water for her tea,"Taras answered, and went into the family room. + +Nekhludoff looked in at the door. The room was crowded with womenand men, some of whom were on and some under the bedsteads; itwas full of steam from the wet clothes that were drying, and thechatter of women's voices was unceasing. The next door led intothe bachelors' room. This room was still more crowded; even thedoorway and the passage in front of it were blocked by a noisycrowd of men, in wet garments, busy doing or deciding somethingor other. + +The convoy sergeant explained that it was the prisoner appointedto buy provisions, paying off out of the food money what wasowing to a sharper who had won from or lent money to theprisoners, and receiving back little tickets made of playingcards. When they saw the convoy soldier and a gentleman, thosewho were nearest became silent, and followed them with looks ofill-will. Among them Nekhludoff noticed the criminal Fedoroff,whom he knew, and who always kept a miserable lad with a swelledappearance and raised eyebrows beside him, and also a disgusting,noseless, pock-marked tramp, who was notorious among theprisoners because he killed his comrade in the marshes whiletrying to escape, and had, as it was rumoured, fed on his flesh.The tramp stood in the passage with his wet cloak thrown over oneshoulder, looking mockingly and boldly at Nekhludoff, and did notmove out of the way. Nekhludoff passed him by. + +Though this kind of scene had now become quite familiar to him,though he had during the last three months seen these fourhundred criminal prisoners over and over again in many differentcircumstances; in the heat, enveloped in clouds of dust whichthey raised as they dragged their chained feet along the road,and at the resting places by the way, where the most horriblescenes of barefaced debauchery had occurred, yet every time hecame among them, and felt their attention fixed upon him as itwas now, shame and consciousness of his sin against themtormented him. To this sense of shame and guilt was added anunconquerable feeling of loathing and horror. He knew that,placed in a position such as theirs, they could not he other thanthey were, and yet he was unable to stifle his disgust. + +"It's well for them do-nothings," Nekhludoff heard some one sayin a hoarse voice as he approached the room of the politicalprisoners. Then followed a word of obscene abuse, and spiteful,mocking laughter. + +CHAPTER X. + +MAKAR DEVKIN. + +When they had passed the bachelors' room the sergeant whoaccompanied Nekhludoff left him, promising to come for him beforethe inspection would take place. As soon as the sergeant was gonea prisoner, quickly stepping with his bare feet and holding upthe chains, came close up to Nekhludoff, enveloping him in thestrong, acid smell of perspiration, and said in a mysteriouswhisper: + +"Help the lad, sir; he's got into an awful mess. Been drinking.To-day he's given his name as Karmanoff at the inspection. Takehis part, sir. We dare not, or they'll kill us," and lookinguneasily round he turned away. + +This is what had happened. The criminal Kalmanoff had persuaded ayoung fellow who resembled him in appearance and was sentenced toexile to change names with him and go to the mines instead ofhim, while he only went to exile. Nekhludoff knew all this. Someconvict had told him about this exchange the week before. Henodded as a sign that he understood and would do what was in hispower, and continued his way without looking round. + +Nekhludoff knew this convict, and was surprised by his action.When in Ekaterinburg the convict had asked Nekhludoff to get apermission for his wife to follow him. The convict was a man ofmedium size and of the most ordinary peasant type, about thirtyyears old. He was condemned to hard labour for an attempt tomurder and rob. His name was Makar Devkin. His crime was a verycurious one. In the account he gave of it to Nekhludoff, he saidit was not his but his devil's doing. He said that a travellerhad come to his father's house and hired his sledge to drive himto a village thirty miles off for two roubles. Makar's fathertold him to drive the stranger. Makar harnessed the horse,dressed, and sat down to drink tea with the stranger. Thestranger related at the tea-table that he was going to be marriedand had five hundred roubles, which he had earned in Moscow, withhim. When he had heard this, Makar went out into the yard and putan axe into the sledge under the straw. "And I did not myselfknow why I was taking the axe," he said. "'Take the axe,' saysHE, and I took it. We got in and started. We drove along allright; I even forgot about the axe. Well, we were getting nearthe village; only about four miles more to go. The way from thecross-road to the high road was up hill, and I got out. I walkedbehind the sledge and HE whispers to me, 'What are you thinkingabout? When you get to the top of the hill you will meet peoplealong the highway, and then there will be the village. He willcarry the money away. If you mean to do it, now's the time.' Istooped over the sledge as if to arrange the straw, and the axeseemed to jump into my hand of itself. The man turned round.'What are you doing?' I lifted the axe and tried to knock himdown, but he was quick, jumped out, and took hold of my hands.'What are you doing, you villain?' He threw me down into thesnow, and I did not even struggle, but gave in at once. He boundmy arms with his girdle, and threw me into the sledge, and tookme straight to the police station. I was imprisoned and tried.The commune gave me a good character, said that I was a good man,and that nothing wrong had been noticed about me. The masters forwhom I worked also spoke well of me, but we had no money toengage a lawyer, and so I was condemned to four years' hardlabour." + +It was this man who, wishing to save a fellow-villager, knowingthat he was risking his life thereby, told Nekhludoff theprisoner's secret, for doing which (if found out) he shouldcertainly be throttled. + +CHAPTER XI. + +MASLOVA AND HER COMPANIONS. + +The political prisoners were kept in two small rooms, the doorsof which opened into a part of the passage partitioned off fromthe rest. The first person Nekhludoff saw on entering into thispart of the passage was Simonson in his rubber jacket and with alog of pine wood in his hands, crouching in front of a stove, thedoor of which trembled, drawn in by the heat inside. + +When he saw Nekhludoff he looked up at him from under hisprotruding brow, and gave him his hand without rising. + +"I am glad you have come; I want to speak to you," he said,looking Nekhludoff straight in the eyes with an expression ofimportance. + +"Yes; what is it?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"It will do later on; I am busy just now," and Simonson turnedagain towards the stove, which he was heating according to atheory of his own, so as to lose as little heat energy aspossible. + +Nekhludoff was going to enter in at the first door, when Maslova,stooping and pushing a large heap of rubbish and dust towards thestove with a handleless birch broom, came out of the other. Shehad a white jacket on, her skirt was tucked up, and a kerchief,drawn down to her eyebrows, protected her hair from the dust.When she saw Nekhludoff, she drew herself up, flushing andanimated, put down the broom, wiped her hands on her skirt, andstopped right in front of him. "You are tidying up theapartments, I see," said Nekhludoff, shaking hands. + +"Yes; my old occupation," and she smiled. "But the dirt! Youcan't imagine what it is. We have been cleaning and cleaning.Well, is the plaid dry?" she asked, turning to Simonson. + +"Almost," Simonson answered, giving her a strange look, whichstruck Nekhludoff. + +"All right, I'll come for it, and will bring the cloaks to dry.Our people are all in here," she said to Nekhludoff, pointing tothe first door as she went out of the second. + +Nekhludoff opened the door and entered a small room dimly lit bya little metal lamp, which was standing low down on the shelfbedstead. It was cold in the room, and there was a smell of thedust, which had not had time to settle, damp and tobacco smoke. + +Only those who were close to the lamp were clearly visible, thebedsteads were in the shade and wavering shadows glided over thewalls. Two men, appointed as caterers, who had gone to fetchboiling water and provisions, were away; most of the politicalprisoners were gathered together in the small room. There wasNekhludoff's old acquaintance, Vera Doukhova, with her large,frightened eyes, and the swollen vein on her forehead, in a greyjacket with short hair, and thinner and yellower than ever.. Shehad a newspaper spread out in front of her, and sat rollingcigarettes with a jerky movement of her hands. + +Emily Rintzeva, whom Nekhludoff considered to be the pleasantestof the political prisoners, was also here. She looked after thehousekeeping, and managed to spread a feeling of home comforteven in the midst of the most trying surroundings. She sat besidethe lamp, with her sleeves rolled up, wiping cups and mugs, andplacing them, with her deft, red and sunburnt hands, on a cloththat was spread on the bedstead. Rintzeva was a plain-lookingyoung woman, with a clever and mild expression of face, which,when she smiled, had a way of suddenly becoming merry, animatedand captivating. It was with such a smile that she now welcomedNekhludoff. + +"Why, we thought you had gone back to Russia," she said. + +Here in a dark corner was also Mary Pavlovna, busy with a little,fair-haired girl, who kept prattling in her sweet, childishaccents. + +"How nice that you have come," she said to Nekhludoff. + +Have you seen Katusha? And we have a visitor here," and shepointed to the little girl. + +Here was also Anatole Kryltzoff with felt boots on, sitting in afar corner with his feet under him, doubled up and shivering, hisarms folded in the sleeves of his cloak, and looking atNekhludoff with feverish eyes. Nekhludoff was going up to him,but to the right of the door a man with spectacles and reddishcurls, dressed in a rubber jacket, sat talking to the pretty,smiling Grabetz. This was the celebrated revolutionistNovodvoroff. Nekhludoff hastened to greet him. He was in aparticular hurry about it, because this man was the only oneamong all the political prisoners whom he disliked. Novodvoroff'seyes glistened through his spectacles as he looked at Nekhludoffand held his narrow hand out to him. + +"Well, are you having a pleasant journey?" he asked, withapparent irony. + +"Yes, there is much that is interesting," Nekhludoff answered, asif he did not notice the irony, but took the question forpoliteness, and passed on to Kryltzoff. + +Though Nekhludoff appeared indifferent, he was really far fromindifferent, and these words of Novodvoroff, showing his evidentdesire to say or do something unpleasant, interfered with thestate of kindness in which Nekhludoff found himself, and he feltdepressed and sad. + +"Well, how are you?" he asked, pressing Kryltzoff's cold andtrembling hand. + +"Pretty well, only I cannot get warm; I got wet through,"Kryltzoff answered, quickly replacing his hands into the sleevesof his cloak. "And here it is also beastly cold. There, look, thewindow-panes are broken," and he pointed to the broken panesbehind the iron bars. "And how are you? Why did you not come?" + +"I was not allowed to, the authorities were so strict, but to-daythe officer is lenient." + +"Lenient indeed!" Kryltzoff remarked. "Ask Mary what she did thismorning." + +Mary Pavlovna from her place in the corner related what hadhappened about the little girl that morning when they left thehalting station. + +"I think it is absolutely necessary to make a collectiveprotest," said Vera Doukhova, in a determined tone, and yetlooking now at one, now at another, with a frightened, undecidedlook. "Valdemar Simonson did protest, but that is notsufficient." + +"What protest!" muttered Kryltzoff, cross and frowning. Her wantof simplicity, artificial tone and nervousness had evidently beenirritating him for a long time. + +"Are you looking for Katusha?" he asked, addressing Nekhludoff."She is working all the time. She has cleaned this, the men'sroom, and now she has gone to clean the women's! Only it is notpossible to clean away the fleas. And what is Mary doing there?"he asked, nodding towards the corner where Mary Pavlovna sat. + +"She is combing out her adopted daughter's hair," repliedRintzeva. + +"But won't she let the insects loose on us?" asked Kryltzoff. + +"No, no; I am very careful. She is a clean little girl now. Youtake her," said Mary, turning to Rintzeva, "while I go and helpKatusha, and I will also bring him his plaid." + +Rintzeva took the little girl on her lap, pressing her plump,bare, little arms to her bosom with a mother's tenderness, andgave her a bit of sugar. As Mary Pavlovna left the room, two mencame in with boiling water and provisions. + +CHAPTER XII. + +NABATOFF AND MARKEL. + +One of the men who came in was a short, thin, young man, who hada cloth-covered sheepskin coat on, and high top-boots. He steppedlightly and quickly, carrying two steaming teapots, and holding aloaf wrapped in a cloth under his arm. + +"Well, so our prince has put in an appearance again," he said, ashe placed the teapot beside the cups, and handed the bread toRintzeva. "We have bought wonderful things," he continued, as hetook off his sheepskin, and flung it over the heads of the othersinto the corner of the bedstead. "Markel has bought milk andeggs. Why, we'll have a regular ball to-day. And Rintzeva isspreading out her aesthetic cleanliness," he said, and lookedwith a smile at Rintzeva, "and now she will make the tea." + +The whole presence of this man--his motion, his voice, hislook--seemed to breathe vigour and merriment. The other newcomerwas just the reverse of the first. He looked despondent and sad.He was short, bony, had very prominent cheek bones, a sallowcomplexion, thin lips and beautiful, greenish eyes, rather farapart. He wore an old wadded coat, top-boots and goloshes, andwas carrying two pots of milk and two round boxes made of birchbark, which he placed in front of Rintzeva. He bowed toNekhludoff, bending only his neck, and with his eyes fixed onhim. Then, having reluctantly given him his damp hand to shake,he began to take out the provisions. + +Both these political prisoners were of the people; the first wasNabatoff, a peasant; the second, Markel Kondratieff, a factoryhand. Markel did not come among the revolutionists till he wasquite a man, Nabatoff only eighteen. After leaving the villageschool, owing to his exceptional talents Nabatoff entered thegymnasium, and maintained himself by giving lessons all the timehe studied there, and obtained the gold medal. He did not go tothe university because, while still in the seventh class of thegymnasium, he made up his mind to go among the people andenlighten his neglected brethren. This he did, first getting theplace of a Government clerk in a large village. He was soonarrested because he read to the peasants and arranged aco-operative industrial association among them. They kept himimprisoned for eight months and then set him free, but heremained under police supervision. As soon as he was liberated hewent to another village, got a place as schoolmaster, and did thesame as he had done in the first village. He was again taken upand kept fourteen months in prison, where his convictions becameyet stronger. After that he was exiled to the Perm Government,from where he escaped. Then he was put to prison for seven monthsand after that exiled to Archangel. There he refused to take theoath of allegiance that was required of them and was condemned tobe exiled to the Takoutsk Government, so that half his life sincehe reached manhood was passed in prison and exile. All theseadventures did not embitter him nor weaken his energy, but ratherstimulated it. He was a lively young fellow, with a splendiddigestion, always active, gay and vigorous. He never repented ofanything, never looked far ahead, and used all his powers, hiscleverness, his practical knowledge to act in the present. Whenfree he worked towards the aim he had set himself, theenlightening and the uniting of the working men, especially thecountry labourers. When in prison he was just as energetic andpractical in finding means to come in contact with the outerworld, and in arranging his own life and the life of his group ascomfortably as the conditions would allow. Above all things hewas a communist. He wanted, as it seemed to him, nothing forhimself and contented himself with very little, but demanded verymuch for the group of his comrades, and could work for it eitherphysically or mentally day and night, without sleep or food. As apeasant he had been industrious, observant, clever at his work,and naturally self-controlled, polite without any effort, andattentive not only to the wishes but also the opinions of others.His widowed mother, an illiterate, superstitious, old peasantwoman, was still living, and Nabatoff helped her and went to seeher while he was free. During the time he spent at home heentered into all the interests of his mother's life, helped herin her work, and continued his intercourse with formerplayfellows; smoked cheap tobacco with them in so-called "dog'sfeet," [a kind of cigarette that the peasants smoke, made of abit of paper and bent at one end into a hook] took part in theirfist fights, and explained to them how they were all beingdeceived by the State, and how they ought to disentanglethemselves out of the deception they were kept in. When hethought or spoke of what a revolution would do for the people healways imagined this people from whom he had sprung himself leftin very nearly the same conditions as they were in, only withsufficient land and without the gentry and without officials. Therevolution, according to him, and in this he differed fromNovodvoroff and Novodvoroff's follower, Markel Kondratieff,should not alter the elementary forms of the life of the people,should not break down the whole edifice, but should only alterthe inner walls of the beautiful, strong, enormous old structurehe loved so dearly. He was also a typical peasant in his views onreligion, never thinking about metaphysical questions, about theorigin of all origin, or the future life. God was to him, asalso to Arago, an hypothesis, which he had had no need of up tonow. He had no business with the origin of the world, whetherMoses or Darwin was right. Darwinism, which seemed so importantto his fellows, was only the same kind of plaything of the mindas the creation in six days. The question how the world hadoriginated did not interest him, just because the question how itwould be best to live in this world was ever before him. He neverthought about future life, always bearing in the depth of hissoul the firm and quiet conviction inherited from hisforefathers, and common to all labourers on the land, that justas in the world of plants and animals nothing ceases to exist,but continually changes its form, the manure into grain, thegrain into a food, the tadpole into a frog, the caterpillar intoa butterfly, the acorn into an oak, so man also does not perish,but only undergoes a change. He believed in this, and thereforealways looked death straight in the face, and bravely bore thesufferings that lead towards it, but did not care and did notknow how to speak about it. He loved work, was always employed insome practical business, and put his comrades in the way of thesame kind of practical work. + +The other political prisoner from among the people, MarkelKondratieff, was a very different kind of man. He began to workat the age of fifteen, and took to smoking and drinking in orderto stifle a dense sense of being wronged. He first realised hewas wronged one Christmas when they, the factory children, wereinvited to a Christmas tree, got up by the employer's wife, wherehe received a farthing whistle, an apple, a gilt walnut and afig, while the employer's children had presents given them whichseemed gifts from fairyland, and had cost more than fiftyroubles, as he afterwards heard. + +When he was twenty a celebrated revolutionist came to theirfactory to work as a working girl, and noticing his superiorqualities began giving books and pamphlets to Kondratieff and totalk and explain his position to him, and how to remedy it. Whenthe possibility of freeing himself and others from theiroppressed state rose clearly in his mind, the injustice of thisstate appeared more cruel and more terrible than before, and helonged passionately not only for freedom, but also for thepunishment of those who had arranged and who kept up this cruelinjustice. Kondratieff devoted himself with passion to theacquirement of knowledge. It was not clear to him how knowledgeshould bring about the realisation of the social ideal, but hebelieved that the knowledge that had shown him the injustice ofthe state in which he lived would also abolish that injusticeitself. Besides knowledge would, in his opinion, raise him aboveothers. Therefore he left off drinking_ and smoking, and devotedall his leisure time to study. The revolutionist gave himlessons, and his thirst for every kind of knowledge, and thefacility with which he took it in, surprised her. In two years hehad mastered algebra, geometry, history--which he was speciallyfond of--and made acquaintance with artistic and critical, andespecially socialistic literature. The revolutionist wasarrested, and Kondratieff with her, forbidden books having beenfound in their possession, and they were imprisoned and thenexiled to the Vologda Government. There Kondratieff becameacquainted with Novodvoroff, and read a great deal morerevolutionary literature, remembered it all, and became stillfirmer in his socialistic views. While in exile he became leaderin a large strike, which ended in the destruction of a factoryand the murder of the director. He was again arrested andcondemned to Siberia. + +His religious views were of the same negative nature as his viewsof the existing economic conditions. Having seen the absurdity ofthe religion in which he was brought up, and having gained withgreat effort, and at first with fear, but later with rapture,freedom from it, he did not tire of viciously and with venomridiculing priests and religious dogmas, as if wishing to revengehimself for the deception that had been practised on him. + +He was ascetic through habit, contented himself with very little,and, like all those used to work from childhood and whose muscleshave been developed, he could work much and easily, and was quickat any manual labour; but what he valued most was the leisure inprisons and halting stations, which enabled him to continue hisstudies. He was now studying the first volume of Karl Marks's,and carefully hid the book in his sack as if it were a greattreasure. He behaved with reserve and indifference to all hiscomrades, except Novodvoroff, to whom he was greatly attached,and whose arguments on all subjects he accepted as unanswerabletruths. + +He had an indefinite contempt for women, whom he looked upon as ahindrance in all necessary business. But he pitied Maslova andwas gentle with her, for he considered her an example of the waythe lower are exploited by the upper classes. The same reasonmade him dislike Nekhludoff, so that he talked little with him,and never pressed Nekhludoff's hand, but only held out his own tobe pressed when greeting him. + +CHAPTER XIII. + +LOVE AFFAIRS OF THE EXILES. + +The stove had burned up and got warm, the tea was made and pouredout into mugs and cups, and milk was added to it; rusks, freshrye and wheat bread, hard-boiled eggs, butter, and calf's headand feet were placed on the cloth. Everybody moved towards thepart of the shelf beds which took the place of the table and sateating and talking. Rintzeva sat on a box pouring out the tea.The rest crowded round her, only Kryltzoff, who had taken off hiswet cloak and wrapped himself in his dry plaid and lay in his ownplace talking to Nekhludoff. + +After the cold and damp march and the dirt and disorder they hadfound here, and after the pains they had taken to get it tidy,after having drunk hot tea and eaten, they were all in the bestand brightest of spirits. + +The fact that the tramp of feet, the screams and abuse of thecriminals, reached them through the wall, reminding them of theirsurroundings, seemed only to increase the sense of coziness. Ason an island in the midst of the sea, these people feltthemselves for a brief interval not swamped by the degradationand sufferings which surrounded them; this made their spiritsrise, and excited them. They talked about everything except theirpresent position and that which awaited them. Then, as itgenerally happens among young men, and women especially, if theyare forced to remain together, as these people were, all sorts ofagreements and disagreements and attractions, curiously blended,had sprung up among them. Almost all of them were in love.Novodvoroff was in love with the pretty, smiling Grabetz. ThisGrabetz was a young, thoughtless girl who had gone in for acourse of study, perfectly indifferent to revolutionaryquestions, but succumbing to the influence of the day, shecompromised herself in some way and was exiled. The chiefinterest of her life during the time of her trial in prison andin exile was her success with men, just as it had been when shewas free. Now on the way she comforted herself with the fact thatNovodvoroff had taken a fancy to her, and she fell in love withhim. Vera Doukhova, who was very prone to fall in love herself,but did not awaken love in others, though she was always hopingfor mutual love, was sometimes drawn to Nabatoff, then toNovodvoroff. Kryltzoff felt something like love for MaryPavlovna. He loved her with a man's love, but knowing how sheregarded this sort of love, hid his feelings under the guise offriendship and gratitude for the tenderness with which sheattended to his wants. Nabatoff and Rintzeva were attached toeach other by very complicated ties. Just as Mary Pavlovna was aperfectly chaste maiden, in the same way Rintzeva was perfectlychaste as her own husband's wife. When only a schoolgirl ofsixteen she fell in love with Rintzeff, a student of thePetersburg University, and married him before he left theuniversity, when she was only nineteen years old. During hisfourth year at the university her husband had become involved inthe students' rows, was exiled from Petersburg, and turnedrevolutionist. She left the medical courses she was attending,followed him, and also turned revolutionist. If she had notconsidered her husband the cleverest and best of men she wouldnot have fallen in love with him; and if she had not fallen inlove would not have married; but having fallen in love andmarried him whom she thought the best and cleverest of men, shenaturally looked upon life and its aims in the way the best andcleverest of men looked at them. At first he thought the aim oflife was to learn, and she looked upon study as the aim of life.He became a revolutionist, and so did she. She could demonstratevery clearly that the existing state of things could not go on,and that it was everybody's duty to fight this state of thingsand to try to bring about conditions in which the individualcould develop freely, etc. And she imagined that she reallythought and felt all this, but in reality she only regardedeverything her husband thought as absolute truth, and only soughtfor perfect agreement, perfect identification of her own soulwith his which alone could give her full moral satisfaction. Theparting with her husband and their child, whom her mother hadtaken, was very hard to bear; but she bore it firmly and quietly,since it was for her husband's sake and for that cause which shehad not the slightest doubt was true, since he served it. She wasalways with her husband in thoughts, and did not love and couldnot love any other any more than she had done before. ButNabatoff's devoted and pure love touched and excited her. Thismoral, firm man, her husband's friend, tried to treat her as asister, but something more appeared in his behaviour to her, andthis something frightened them both, and yet gave colour to theirlife of hardship. + +So that in all this circle only Mary Pavlovna and Kondratieffwere quite free from love affairs. + +CHAPTER XIV. + +CONVERSATIONS IN PRISON. + +Expecting to have a private talk with Katusha, as usual, aftertea, Nekhludoff sat by the side of Kryltzoff, conversing withhim. Among other things he told him the story of Makar's crimeand about his request to him. Kryltzoff listened attentively,gazing at Nekhludoff with glistening eyes. + +"Yes," said Kryltzoff suddenly, "I often think that here we aregoing side by side with them, and who are they? The same forwhose sake we are going, and yet we not only do not know them,but do not even wish to know them. And they, even worse thanthat, they hate us and look upon us as enemies. This isterrible." + +"There is nothing terrible about it," broke in Novodvoroff. "Themasses always worship power only. The government is in power, andthey worship it and hate us. To-morrow we shall have the power,and they will worship us," he said with his grating voice. Atthat moment a volley of abuse and the rattle of chains soundedfrom behind the wall, something was heard thumping against it andscreaming and shrieking, some one was being beaten, and some onewas calling out, "Murder! help!" + +"Hear them, the beasts! What intercourse can there be between usand such as them?" quietly remarked Novodvoroff. + +"You call them beasts, and Nekhludoff was just telling me aboutsuch an action!" irritably retorted Kryltzoff, and went on to sayhow Makar was risking his life to save a fellow-villager. "Thatis not the action of a beast, it is heroism." + +"Sentimentality!" Novodvoroff ejaculated ironically; "it isdifficult for us to understand the emotions of these people andthe motives on which they act. You see generosity in the act, andit may be simply jealousy of that other criminal." + +"How is it that you never wish to see anything good inanother? " Mary Pavlovna said suddenly, flaring up. + +"How can one see what does not exist!" + +"How does it not exist, when a man risks dying a terribledeath?" + +"I think," said Novodvoroff, "that if we mean to do ourwork, the first condition is that" (here Kondratieff putdown the book he was reading by the lamplight and beganto listen attentively to his master's words) "we should notgive way to fancy, but look at things as they are. We shoulddo all in our power for the masses, and expect nothing inreturn. The masses can only be the object of our activity,but cannot be our fellow-workers as long as they remain inthat state of inertia they are in at present," he went on, asif delivering a lecture. "Therefore, to expect help fromthem before the process of development--that process whichwe are preparing them for--has taken place is an illusion." + +"What process of development? " Kryltzoff began, flushingall over. "We say that we are against arbitrary ruleand despotism, and is this not the most awful despotism?" + +"No despotism whatever," quietly rejoined Novodvoroff. "I amonly saying that I know the path that the people must travel, andcan show them that path." + +"But how can you be sure that the path you show is the true path?Is this not the same kind of despotism that lay at the bottom ofthe Inquisition, all persecutions, and the great revolution?They, too, knew the one true way, by means of their science." + +"Their having erred is no proof of my going to err; besides,there is a great difference between the ravings of idealogues andthe facts based on sound, economic science." Novodvoroff's voicefilled the room; he alone was speaking, all the rest were silent. + +"They are always disputing," Mary Pavlovna said, when there was amoment's silence. + +"And you yourself, what do you think about it?" Nekhludoff asked her. + +"I think Kryltzoff is right when he says we should not force ourviews on the people." + +"And you, Katusha? " asked Nekhludoff with a smile,waiting anxiously for her answer, fearing she would saysomething awkward. + +I think the common people are wronged," she said, and blushedscarlet. "I think they are dreadfully wronged." + +"That's right, Maslova, quite right," cried Nabatoff. "They areterribly wronged, the people, and they must not he wronged, andtherein lies the whole of our task." + +"A curious idea of the object of revolution," Novodvoroffremarked crossly, and began to smoke. + +"I cannot talk to him," said Kryltzoff in a whisper, and wassilent. + +"And it is much better not to talk," Nekhludoff said. + +CHAPTER XV. + +NOVODVOROFF. + +Although Novodvoroff was highly esteemed of all therevolutionists, though he was very learned, and considered verywise, Nekhludoff reckoned him among those of the revolutionistswho, being below the average moral level, were very far below it.His inner life was of a nature directly opposite to that ofSimonson's. Simonson was one of those people (of an essentiallymasculine type) whose actions follow the dictates of theirreason, and are determined by it. Novodvoroff belonged, on thecontrary, to the class of people of a feminine type, whose reasonis directed partly towards the attainment of aims set by theirfeelings, partly to the justification of acts suggested by theirfeelings. The whole of Novodvoroff's revolutionary activity,though he could explain it very eloquently and very convincingly,appeared to Nekhludoff to be founded on nothing but ambition andthe desire for supremacy. At first his capacity for assimilatingthe thoughts of others, and of expressing them correctly, hadgiven him a position of supremacy among pupils and teachers inthe gymnasium and the university, where qualities such as his arehighly prized, and he was satisfied. When he had finished hisstudies and received his diploma he suddenly altered his views,and from a modern liberal he turned into a rabid Narodovoletz, inorder (so Kryltzoff, who did not like him, said) to gainsupremacy in another sphere. + +As he was devoid of those moral and aesthetic qualities whichcall forth doubts and hesitation, he very soon acquired aposition in the revolutionary world which satisfied him--that ofthe leader of a party. Having once chosen a direction, he neverdoubted or hesitated, and was therefore certain that he nevermade a mistake. Everything seemed quite simple, clear andcertain. And the narrowness and one-sidedness of his views didmake everything seem simple and clear. One only had to belogical, as he said. His self-assurance was so great that iteither repelled people or made them submit to him. As he carriedon his work among very young people, his boundless self-assuranceled them to believe him very profound and wise; the majority didsubmit to him, and he had a great success in revolutionarycircles. His activity was directed to the preparation of a risingin which he was to usurp the power and call together a council. Aprogramme, composed by him, should he proposed before thecouncil, and he felt sure that this programme of his solved everyproblem, and that it would he impossible not to carry it out. + +His comrades respected but did not love him. He did not love anyone, looked upon all men of note as upon rivals, and would havewillingly treated them as old male monkeys treat young ones if hecould have done it. He would have torn all mental power, everycapacity, from other men, so that they should not interfere withthe display of his talents. He behaved well only to those whobowed before him. Now, on the journey he behaved well toKondratieff, who was influenced by his propaganda; to VeraDoukhova and pretty little Grabetz, who were both in love withhim. Although in principle he was in favour of the woman'smovement, yet in the depth of his soul he considered all womenstupid and insignificant except those whom he was sentimentallyin love with (as he was now in love with Grabetz), and such womenhe considered to be exceptions, whose merits he alone was capableof discerning. + +The question of the relations of the sexes he also looked upon asthoroughly solved by accepting free union. He had one nominal andone real wife, from both of whom he was separated, having come tothe conclusion that there was no real love between them, and nowhe thought of entering on a free union with Grabetz. He despisedNekhludoff for "playing the fool," as Novodvoroff termed it, withMaslova, but especially for the freedom Nekhludoff took ofconsidering the defects of the existing system and the methods ofcorrecting those defects in a manner which was not only notexactly the same as Novodvoroff's, but was Nekhludoff's own--aprince's, that is, a fool's manner. Nekhludoff felt this relationof Novodvoroff's towards him, and knew to his sorrow that inspite of the state of good will in which he found himself on thisjourney he could not help paying this man in his own coin, andcould not stifle the strong antipathy he felt for him. + +CHAPTER XVI. + +SIMONSON SPEAKS TO NEKHLUDOFF. + +The voices of officials sounded from the next room. All theprisoners were silent, and a sergeant, followed by two convoysoldiers, entered. The time of the inspection had come. Thesergeant counted every one, and when Nekhludoff's turn came headdressed him with kindly familiarity. + +"You must not stay any longer, Prince, after the inspection; youmust go now." + +Nekhludoff knew what this meant, went up to the sergeant andshoved a three-rouble note into his hand. + +"Ah, well, what is one to do with you; stay a bit longer, if youlike." The sergeant was about to go when another sergeant,followed by a convict, a spare man with a thin beard and a bruiseunder his eye, came in. + +"It's about the girl I have come," said the convict. + +"Here's daddy come," came the ringing accents of a child's voice,and a flaxen head appeared from behind Rintzeva, who, withKatusha's and Mary Pavlovna's help, was making a new garment forthe child out of one of Rintzeva's own petticoats. + +"Yes, daughter, it's me," Bousovkin, the prisoner, said softly. + +"She is quite comfortable here," said Mary Pavlovna, looking withpity at Bousovkin's bruised face. "Leave her with us." + +"The ladies are making me new clothes," said the girl, pointingto Rintzeva's sewing--"nice red ones," she went on, prattling. + +"Do you wish to sleep with us?" asked Rintzeva, caressing thechild. + +"Yes, I wish. And daddy, too." + +"No, daddy can't. Well, leave her then," she said, turning to thefather. + +"Yes, you may leave her," said the first sergeant, and went outwith the other. + +As soon as they were out of the room Nabatoff went up toBousovkin, slapped him on the shoulder, and said: "I say, oldfellow, is it true that Karmanoff wishes to exchange?" + +Bousovkin's kindly, gentle face turned suddenly sad and a veilseemed to dim his eyes. + +"We have heard nothing--hardly," he said, and with the samedimness still over his eyes he turned to the child. + +"Well, Aksutka, it seems you're to make yourself comfortable withthe ladies," and he hurried away. + +"It's true about the exchange, and he knows it very well," saidNabatoff. + +"What are you going to do?" + +"I shall tell the authorities in the next town. I know bothprisoners by sight," said Nekhludoff. + +All were silent, fearing a recommencement of the dispute. + +Simonson, who had been lying with his arms thrown back behind hishead, and not speaking, rose, and determinately walked up toNekhludoff, carefully passing round those who were sitting. + +"Could you listen to me now? + +"Of course," and Nekhludoff rose and followed him. + +Katusha looked up with an expression of suspense, and meetingNekhludoff's eyes, she blushed and shook her head. + +"What I want to speak to you about is this," Simonson began, whenthey had come out into the passage. In the passage the din of thecriminal's voices and shouts sounded louder. Nekhludoff made aface, but Simonson did not seem to take any notice. + +"Knowing of your relations to Katerina Maslova," he beganseriously and frankly, with his kind eyes looking straight intoNekhludoff's face, "I consider it my duty"--He was obliged tostop because two voices were heard disputing and shouting, bothat once, close to the door. + +"I tell you, blockhead, they are not mine," one voice shouted. + +"May you choke, you devil," snorted the other. + +At this moment Mary Pavlovna came out into the passage. + +"How can one talk here?" she said; "go in, Vera is alone there,"and she went in at the second door, and entered a tiny room,evidently meant for a solitary cell, which was now placed at thedisposal of the political women prisoners, Vera Doukhova laycovered up, head and all, on the bed. + +"She has got a headache, and is asleep, so she cannot hear you,and I will go away," said Mary Pavlovna. + +"On the contrary, stay here," said Simonson; "I have no secretsfrom any one, certainly none from you." + +"All right," said Mary Pavlovna, and moving her whole body fromside to side, like a child, so as to get farther back on to thebed, she settled down to listen, her beautiful hazel eyes seemingto look somewhere far away. + +"Well, then, this is my business," Simonson repeated. "Knowing ofyour relations to Katerina Maslova, I consider myself bound toexplain to you my relations to her." + +Nekhludoff could not help admiring the simplicity andtruthfulness with which Simonson spoke to him. + +"What do you mean?" + +"I mean that I should like to marry Katerina Maslova--" + +"How strange!" said Mary Pavlovna, fixing her eyes on Simonson. + +"--And so I made up my mind to ask her to be my wife," Simonsoncontinued. + +"What can I do? It depends on her," said Nekhludoff. + +"Yes; but she will not come to any decision without you." + +"Why?" + +"Because as long as your relations with her are unsettled shecannot make up her mind." + +"As far as I am concerned, it is finally settled. I should liketo do what I consider to be my duty and also to lighten her fate,but on no account would I wish to put any restraint on her." + +"Yes, but she does not wish to accept your sacrifice." + +"It is no sacrifice." + +"And I know that this decision of hers is final." + +"Well, then, there is no need to speak to me," said Nekhludoff. + +"She wants you to acknowledge that you think as she does." + +"How can I acknowledge that I must not do what I consider to bemy duty? All I can say is that I am not free, but she is." + +Simonson was silent; then, after thinking a little, he said:"Very well, then, I'll tell her. You must not think I am in lovewith her," he continued; "I love her as a splendid, unique,human being who has suffered much. I want nothing from her. Ihave only an awful longing to help her, to lighten her posi--" + +Nekhludoff was surprised to hear the trembling in Simonson'svoice. + +"--To lighten her position," Simonson continued. "If she does notwish to accept your help, let her accept mine. If she consents, Ishall ask to be sent to the place where she will be imprisoned.Four years are not an eternity. I would live near her, andperhaps might lighten her fate--" and he again stopped, tooagitated to continue. + +"What am I to say?" said Nekhludoff. "I am very glad she hasfound such a protector as you--" + +"That's what I wanted to know," Simonson interrupted. + +"I wanted to know if, loving her and wishing her happiness, youwould consider it good for her to marry me?" + +"Oh, yes," said Nekhludoff decidedly. + +"It all depends on her; I only wish that this suffering soulshould find rest," said Simonson, with such childlike tendernessas no one could have expected from so morose-looking a man. + +Simonson rose, and stretching his lips out to Nekhludoff, smiledshyly and kissed him. + +"So I shall tell her," and he went away. + +CHAPTER XVII. + +"I HAVE NOTHING MORE TO SAY." + +"What do you think of that?" said Mary Pavlovna. "In love--quitein love. Now, that's a thing I never should have expected, thatValdemar Simonson should be in love, and in the silliest, mostboyish manner. It is strange, and, to say the truth, it is sad,"and she sighed. + +"But she? Katusha? How does she look at it, do you think?"Nekhludoff asked. + +"She?" Mary Pavlovna waited, evidently wishing to give as exactan answer as possible. "She? Well, you see, in spite of her pastshe has one of the most moral natures--and such fine feelings.She loves you--loves you well, and is happy to be able to do youeven the negative good of not letting you get entangled with her.Marriage with you would be a terrible fall for her, worse thanall that's past, and therefore she will never consent to it. Andyet your presence troubles her." + +"Well, what am I to do? Ought I to vanish?" + +Mary Pavlovna smiled her sweet, childlike smile, and said, "Yes,partly." + +"How is one to vanish partly?" + +"I am talking nonsense. But as for her, I should like to tell youthat she probably sees the silliness of this rapturous kind oflove (he has not spoken to her), and is both flattered and afraidof it. I am not competent to judge in such affairs, you know,still I believe that on his part it is the most ordinary man'sfeeling, though it is masked. He says that this love arouses hisenergy and is Platonic, but I know that even if it isexceptional, still at the bottom it is degrading." + +Mary Pavlovna had wandered from the subject, having started onher favourite theme. + +"Well, but what am I to do?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"I think you should tell her everything; it is always best thateverything should be clear. Have a talk with her; I shall callher. Shall I?" said Mary Pavlovna. + +"If you please," said Nekhludoff, and Mary Pavlovna went. + +A strange feeling overcame Nekhludoff when he was alone in thelittle room with the sleeping Vera Doukhova, listening to hersoft breathing, broken now and then by moans, and to theincessant dirt that came through the two doors that separated himfrom the criminals. What Simonson had told him freed him from theself-imposed duty, which had seemed hard and strange to him inhis weak moments, and yet now he felt something that was notmerely unpleasant but painful. + +He had a feeling that this offer of Simonson's destroyed theexceptional character of his sacrifice, and thereby lessened itsvalue in his own and others' eyes; if so good a man who was notbound to her by any kind of tie wanted to join his fate to hers,then this sacrifice was not so great. There may have also been anadmixture of ordinary jealousy. He had got so used to her lovethat he did not like to admit that she loved another. + +Then it also upset the plans he had formed of living near herwhile she was doing her term. If she married Simonson hispresence would be unnecessary, and he would have to form newplans. + +Before he had time to analyse his feelings the loud din of theprisoners' voices came in with a rush (something special wasgoing on among them to-day) as the door opened to let Katusha in. + +She stepped briskly close up to him and said, "Mary Pavlovna hassent me." + +"Yes, I must have a talk with you. Sit down. Valdemar Simonsonhas been speaking to me." + +She sat down and folded her hands in her lap and seemed quitecalm, but hardly had Nekhludoff uttered Simonson's name when sheflushed crimson. + +"What did he say?" she asked. + +"He told me he wanted to marry you." + +Her face suddenly puckered up with pain, but she said nothing andonly cast down her eyes. + +"He is asking for my consent or my advice. I told him that it alldepends entirely on you--that you must decide." + +"Ah, what does it all mean? Why?" she muttered, and looked inhis eyes with that peculiar squint that always strangely affectedNekhludoff. + +They sat silent for a few minutes looking into each other's eyes,and this look told much to both of them. + +"You must decide," Nekhludoff repeated. + +"What am I to decide? Everything has long been decided." + +"No; you must decide whether you will accept Mr. Simonson'soffer," said Nekhludoff. + +"What sort of a wife can I be--I, a convict? Why should I ruinMr. Simonson, too?" she said, with a frown. + +"Well, but if the sentence should be mitigated." + +"Oh, leave me alone. I have nothing more to say," she said, androse to leave the room. + +CHAPTER XVIII. + +NEVEROFF'S FATE. + +When, following Katusha, Nekhludoff returned to the men's room,he found every one there in agitation. Nabatoff, who went aboutall over the place, and who got to know everybody, and noticedeverything, had just brought news which staggered them all. Thenews was that he had discovered a note on a wall, written by therevolutionist Petlin, who had been sentenced to hard labour, andwho, every one thought, had long since reached the Kara; and nowit turned out that he had passed this way quite recently, theonly political prisoner among criminal convicts. + +"On the 17th of August," so ran the note, "I was sent off alonewith the criminals. Neveroff was with me, but hanged himself inthe lunatic asylum in Kasan. I am well and in good spirits andhope for the best." + +All were discussing Petlin's position and the possible reasons ofNeveroff's suicide. Only Kryltzoff sat silent and preoccupied,his glistening eyes gazing fixedly in front of him. + +"My husband told me that Neveroff had a vision while still in thePetropavlovski prison," said Rintzeva. + +"Yes, he was a poet, a dreamer; this sort of people cannot standsolitary confinement," said Novodvoroff. "Now, I never gave myimagination vent when in solitary confinement, but arranged mydays most systematically, and in this way always bore it verywell." + +"What is there unbearable about it? Why, I used to be glad whenthey locked me up," said Nabatoff cheerfully, wishing to dispelthe general depression. + +"A fellow's afraid of everything; of being arrested himself andentangling others, and of spoiling the whole business, and thenhe gets locked up, and all responsibility is at an end, and hecan rest; he can just sit and smoke." + +"You knew him well?" asked Mary Pavlovna, glancing anxiously atthe altered, haggard expression of Kryltzoff's face. + +"Neveroff a dreamer?" Kryltzoff suddenly began, panting forbreath as if he had been shouting or singing for a long time."Neveroff was a man 'such as the earth bears few of,' as ourdoorkeeper used to express it. Yes, he had a nature like crystal,you could see him right through; he could not lie, he could notdissemble; not simply thin skinned, but with all his nerves laidbare, as if he were flayed. Yes, his was a complicated, richnature, not such a-- But where is the use of talking?" he added,with a vicious frown. "Shall we first educate the people and thenchange the forms of life, or first change the forms and thenstruggle, using peaceful propaganda or terrorism? So we go ondisputing while they kill; they do not dispute--they know theirbusiness; they don't care whether dozens, hundreds of menperish--and what men! No; that the best should perish is justwhat they want. Yes, Herzen said that when the Decembrists werewithdrawn from circulation the average level of our society sank.I should think so, indeed. Then Herzen himself and his fellowswere withdrawn; now is the turn of the Neveroffs." + +"They can't all be got rid off," said Nabatoff, in his cheerfultones." There will always be left enough to continue the breed.No, there won't, if we show any pity to THEM there," Nabatoffsaid, raising his voice; and not letting himself be interrupted,"Give me a cigarette." + +"Oh, Anatole, it is not good for you," said Mary Pavlovna."Please do not smoke." + +"Oh, leave me alone," he said angrily, and lit a cigarette, butat once began to cough and to retch, as if he were going to besick. Having cleared his throat though, he went on: + +"What we have been doing is not the thing at all. Not to argue,but for all to unite--to destroy them--that's it." + +"But they are also human beings," said Nekhludoff. + +"No, they are not human, they who can do what they are doing--No-- There, now, I heard that some kind of bombs and balloonshave been invented. Well, one ought to go up in such a balloonand sprinkle bombs down on them as if they were bugs, until theyare all exterminated-- Yes. Because--" he was going to continue,but, flushing all over, he began coughing worse than before, anda stream of blood rushed from his mouth. + +Nabatoff ran to get ice. Mary Pavlovna brought valerian drops andoffered them to him, but he, breathing quickly and heavily,pushed her away with his thin, white hand, and kept his eyesclosed. When the ice and cold water had eased Kryltzoff a little,and he had been put to bed, Nekhludoff, having said good-night toeverybody, went out with the sergeant, who had been waiting forhim some time. + +The criminals were now quiet, and most of them were asleep.Though the people were lying on and under the bed shelves and inthe space between, they could not all be placed inside the rooms,and some of them lay in the passage with their sacks under theirheads and covered with their cloaks. The moans and sleepy voicescame through the open doors and sounded through the passage.Everywhere lay compact heaps of human beings covered with prisoncloaks. Only a few men who were sitting in the bachelors' room bythe light of a candle end, which they put out when they noticedthe sergeant, were awake, and an old man who sat naked under thelamp in the passage picking the vermin off his shirt. The foulair in the political prisoners' rooms seemed pure compared to thestinking closeness here. The smoking lamp shone dimly as througha mist, and it was difficult to breathe. Stepping along thepassage, one had to look carefully for an empty space, and havingput down one foot had to find place for the other. Three persons,who had evidently found no room even in the passage, lay in theanteroom, close to the stinking and leaking tub. One of these wasan old idiot, whom Nekhludoff had often seen marching with thegang; another was a boy about twelve; he lay between the twoother convicts, with his head on the leg of one of them. + +When he had passed out of the gate Nekhludoff took a deep breathand long continued to breathe in deep draughts of frosty air. + +CHAPTER XIX. + +WHY IS IT DONE? + +It had cleared up and was starlight. Except in a few places themud was frozen hard when Nekhludoff returned to his inn andknocked at one of its dark windows. The broad-shouldered labourercame barefooted to open the door for him and let him in. Througha door on the right, leading to the back premises, came the loudsnoring of the carters, who slept there, and the sound of manyhorses chewing oats came from the yard. The front room, where ared lamp was burning in front of the icons, smelt of wormwood andperspiration, and some one with mighty lungs was snoring behind apartition. Nekhludoff undressed, put his leather travellingpillow on the oilcloth sofa, spread out his rug and lay down,thinking over all he had seen and heard that day; the boysleeping on the liquid that oozed from the stinking tub, with hishead on the convict's leg, seemed more dreadful than all else. + +Unexpected and important as his conversation with Simonson andKatusha that evening had been, he did not dwell on it; hissituation in relation to that subject was so complicated andindefinite that he drove the thought from his mind. But thepicture of those unfortunate beings, inhaling the noisome air,and lying in the liquid oozing out of the stinking tub,especially that of the boy, with his innocent face asleep on theleg of a criminal, came all the more vividly to his mind, and hecould not get it out of his head. + +To know that somewhere far away there are men who torture othermen by inflicting all sorts of humiliations and inhumandegradation and sufferings on them, or for three monthsincessantly to look on while men were inflicting thesehumiliations and sufferings on other men is a very differentthing. And Nekhludoff felt it. More than once during these threemonths he asked himself, "Am I mad because I see what others donot, or are they mad that do these things that I see?" + +Yet they (and there were many of them) did what seemed soastonishing and terrible to him with such quiet assurance thatwhat they were doing was necessary and was important and usefulwork that it was hard to believe they were mad; nor could he,conscious of the clearness of his thoughts, believe he was mad;and all this kept him continually in a state of perplexity. + +This is how the things he saw during these three months impressedNekhludoff: From among the people who were free, those werechosen, by means of trials and the administration, who were themost nervous, the most hot tempered, the most excitable, the mostgifted, and the strongest, but the least careful and cunning.These people, not a wit more dangerous than many of those whoremained free, were first locked in prisons, transported toSiberia, where they were provided for and kept months and yearsin perfect idleness, and away from nature, their families, anduseful work--that is, away from the conditions necessary for anatural and moral life. This firstly. Secondly, these people weresubjected to all sorts of unnecessary indignity in thesedifferent Places--chains, shaved heads, shameful clothing--thatis, they were deprived of the chief motives that induce the weakto live good lives, the regard for public opinion, the sense ofshame and the consciousness of human dignity. Thirdly, they werecontinually exposed to dangers, such as the epidemics so frequentin places of confinement, exhaustion, flogging, not to mentionaccidents, such as sunstrokes, drowning or conflagrations, whenthe instinct of self-preservation makes even the kindest, mostmoral men commit cruel actions, and excuse such actions whencommitted by others. + +Fourthly, these people were forced to associate with others whowere particularly depraved by life, and especially by these veryinstitutions--rakes, murderers and villains--who act on those whoare not yet corrupted by the measures inflicted on them as leavenacts on dough. + +And, fifthly, the fact that all sorts of violence, cruelty,inhumanity, are not only tolerated, but even permitted by thegovernment, when it suits its purposes, was impressed on themmost forcibly by the inhuman treatment they were subjected to; bythe sufferings inflicted on children, women and old men; byfloggings with rods and whips; by rewards offered for bringing afugitive back, dead or alive; by the separation of husbands andwives, and the uniting them with the wives and husbands of othersfor sexual intercourse; by shooting or hanging them. To those whowere deprived of their freedom, who were in want and misery, actsof violence were evidently still more permissible. All theseinstitutions seemed purposely invented for the production ofdepravity and vice, condensed to such a degree that no otherconditions could produce it, and for the spreading of thiscondensed depravity and vice broadcast among the whole population + +"Just as if a problem had been set to find the best, the surestmeans of depraving the greatest number of persons," thoughtNekhludoff, while investigating the deeds that were being done inthe prisons and halting stations. Every year hundreds ofthousands were brought to the highest pitch of depravity, andwhen completely depraved they were set free to carry thedepravity they had caught in prison among the people. In theprisons of Tamen, Ekaterinburg, Tomsk and at the halting stationsNekhludoff saw how successfully the object society seemed to haveset itself was attained. + +Ordinary, simple men with a conception of the demands of thesocial and Christian Russian peasant morality lost thisconception, and found a new one, founded chiefly on the idea thatany outrage or violence was justifiable if it seemed profitable.After living in a prison those people became conscious with thewhole of their being that, judging by what was happening tothemselves, all the moral laws, the respect and the sympathy forothers which church and the moral teachers preach, was really setaside, and that, therefore, they, too, need not keep the laws.Nekhludoff noticed the effects of prison life on all the convictshe knew--on Fedoroff, on Makar, and even on Taras, who, after twomonths among the convicts, struck Nekhludoff by the want ofmorality in his arguments. Nekhludoff found out during hisjourney how tramps, escaping into the marshes, persuade a comradeto escape with them, and then kill him and feed on his flesh. (Hesaw a living man who was accused of this and acknowledged thefact.) And the most terrible part was that this was not asolitary, but a recurring case. + +Only by a special cultivation of vice, such as was perpetrated inthese establishments, could a Russian be brought to the state ofthis tramp, who excelled Nietzsche's newest teaching, and heldthat everything was possible and nothing forbidden, and whospread this teaching first among the convicts and then among thepeople in general. + +The only explanation of all that was being done was the wish toput a stop to crime by fear, by correction, by lawful vengeanceas it was written in the books. But in reality nothing in theleast resembling any of these results came to pass. Instead ofvice being put a stop to, it only spread further; instead ofbeing frightened, the criminals were encouraged (many a trampreturned to prison of his own free will). Instead of beingcorrected, every kind of vice was systematically instilled, whilethe desire for vengeance did not weaken by the measures of thegovernment, but was bred in the people who had none of it. + +"Then why is it done?" Nekhludoff asked himself, but could findno answer. And what seemed most surprising was that all this wasnot being done accidentally, not by mistake, not once, but thatit had continued for centuries, with this difference only, thatat first the people's nostrils used to be torn and their ears cutoff; then they were branded, and now they were manacled andtransported by steam instead of on the old carts. The argumentsbrought forward by those in government service, who said that thethings which aroused his indignation were simply due to theimperfect arrangements of the places of confinement, and thatthey could all be put to rights if prisons of a modern type werebuilt, did not satisfy Nekhludoff, because he knew that whatrevolted him was not the consequence of a better or worsearrangement of the prisons. He had read of model prisons withelectric bells, of executions by electricity, recommended byTard; but this refined kind of violence revolted him even more. + +But what revolted Nekhludoff most was that there were men in thelaw courts and in the ministry who received large salaries, takenfrom the people, for referring to books written by men likethemselves and with like motives, and sorting actions thatviolated laws made by themselves according to different statutes;and, in obedience to these statutes, sending those guilty of suchactions to places where they were completely at the mercy ofcruel, hardened inspectors, jailers, convoy soldiers, wheremillions of them perished body and soul. + +Now that he had a closer knowledge of prisons, Nekhludoff foundout that all those vices which developed among theprisoners--drunkenness, gambling, cruelty, and all these terriblecrimes, even cannibalism--were not casual, or due to degenerationor to the existence of monstrosities of the criminal type, asscience, going hand in hand with the government, explained it,but an unavoidable consequence of the incomprehensible delusionthat men may punish one another. Nekhludoff saw that cannibalismdid not commence in the marshes, but in the ministry. He saw thathis brother-in-law, for example, and, in fact, all the lawyersand officials, from the usher to the minister, do not care in theleast for justice or the good of the people about whom theyspoke, but only for the roubles they were paid for doing thethings that were the source whence all this degradation andsuffering flowed. This was quite evident. + +"Can it be, then, that all this is done simply throughmisapprehension? Could it not be managed that all these officialsshould have their salaries secured to them, and a premium paidthem, besides, so that they should leave off, doing all that theywere doing now?" Nekhludoff thought, and in spite of the fleas,that seemed to spring up round him like water from a fountainwhenever he moved, he fell fast asleep. + +CHAPTER XX. + +THE JOURNEY RESUMED. + +The carters had left the inn long before Nekhludoff awoke. Thelandlady had had her tea, and came in wiping her fat, perspiringneck with her handkerchief, and said that a soldier had brought anote from the halting station. The note was from Mary Pavlovna.She wrote that Kryltzoff's attack was more serious than they hadimagined. "We wished him to be left behind and to remain withhim, but this has not been allowed, so that we shall take him on;but we fear the worst. Please arrange so that if he should heleft in the next town, one of us might remain with him. If inorder to get the permission to stay I should be obliged to getmarried to him, I am of course ready to do so." + +Nekhludoff sent the young labourer to the post station to orderhorses and began packing up hurriedly. Before he had drunk hissecond tumbler of tea the three-horsed postcart drove up to theporch with ringing bells, the wheels rattling on the frozen mudas on stones. Nekhludoff paid the fat-necked landlady, hurriedout and got into the cart, and gave orders to the driver to go onas fast as possible, so as to overtake the gang. Just past thegates of the commune pasture ground they did overtake the carts,loaded with sacks and the sick prisoners, as they rattled overthe frozen mud, that was just beginning to be rolled smooth bythe wheels (the officer was not there, he had gone in advance).The soldiers, who had evidently been drinking, followed by theside of the road, chatting merrily. There were a great manycarts. In each of the first carts sat six invalid criminalconvicts, close packed. On each of the last two were threepolitical prisoners. Novodvoroff, Grabetz and Kondratieff sat onone, Rintzeva, Nabatoff and the woman to whom Mary Pavlovna hadgiven up her own place on the other, and on one of the carts layKryltzoff on a heap of hay, with a pillow under his head, andMary Pavlovna sat by him on the edge of the cart. Nekhludoffordered his driver to stop, got out and went up to Kryltzoff. Oneof the tipsy soldiers waved his hand towards Nekhludoff, but hepaid no attention and started walking by Kryltzoff's side,holding on to the side of the cart with his hand. Dressed in asheepskin coat, with a fur cap on his head and his mouth bound upwith a handkerchief, he seemed paler and thinner than ever. Hisbeautiful eyes looked very large and brilliant. Shaken from sideto side by the jottings of the cart, he lay with his eyes fixedon Nekhludoff; but when asked about his health, he only closedhis eyes and angrily shook his head. All his energy seemed to beneeded in order to bear the jolting of the cart. Mary Pavlovnawas on the other side. She exchanged a significant glance withNekhludoff, which expressed all her anxiety about Kryltzoff'sstate, and then began to talk at once in a cheerful manner. + +"It seems the officer is ashamed of himself," she shouted, so asto be heard above the rattle of the wheels. "Bousovkin's manacleshave been removed, and he is carrying his little girl himself.Katusha and Simonson are with him, and Vera, too. She has takenmy place." + +Kryltzoff said something that could not be heard because of thenoise, and frowning in the effort to repress his cough shook hishead. Then Nekhludoff stooped towards him, so as to hear, andKryltzoff, freeing his mouth of the handkerchief, whispered: + +"Much better now. Only not to catch cold." + +Nekhludoff nodded in acquiescence, and again exchanged a glancewith Mary Pavlovna. + +"How about the problem of the three bodies?" whispered Kryltzoff,smiling with great difficulty. "The solution is difficult." + +Nekhludoff did not understand, but Mary Pavlovna explained thathe meant the well-known mathematical problem which defined theposition of the sun, moon and earth, which Kryltzoff compared tothe relations between Nekhludoff, Katusha and Simonson.Kryltzoff nodded, to show that Mary Pavlovna had explained hisjoke correctly. + +"The decision does not lie with me," Nekhludoff said. + +"Did you get my note? Will you do it?" Mary Pavlovna asked. + +"Certainly," answered Nekhludoff ; and noticing a look ofdispleasure on Kryltzoff's face, he returned to his conveyance,and holding with both hands to the sides of the cart, got in,which jolted with him over the ruts of the rough road. He passedthe gang, which, with its grey cloaks and sheepskin coats, chainsand manacles, stretched over three-quarters of a mile of theroad. On the opposite side of the road Nekhludoff noticedKatusha's blue shawl, Vera Doukhova's black coat, and Simonson'scrochet cap, white worsted stockings, with bands, like those ofsandals, tied round him. Simonson was walking with the woman andcarrying on a heated discussion. + +When they saw Nekhludoff they bowed to him, and Simonson raisedhis hat in a solemn manner. Nekhludoff, having nothing to say,did not stop, and was soon ahead of the carts. Having got againon to a smoother part of the road, they drove still more quickly,but they had continually to turn aside to let pass long rows ofcarts that were moving along the road in both directions. + +The road, which was cut up by deep ruts, lay through a thick pineforest, mingled with birch trees and larches, bright with yellowleaves they had not yet shed. By the time Nekhludoff had passedabout half the gang he reached the end of the forest. Fields nowlay stretched along both sides of the road, and the crosses andcupolas of a monastery appeared in the distance. The clouds haddispersed, and it had cleared up completely; the leaves, thefrozen puddles and the gilt crosses and cupolas of the monasteryglittered brightly in the sun that had risen above the forest. Alittle to the right mountains began to gleam white in theblue-grey distance, and the trap entered a large village. Thevillage street was full of people, both Russians and othernationalities, wearing peculiar caps and cloaks. Tipsy men andwomen crowded and chattered round booths, traktirs, public housesand carts. The vicinity of a town was noticeable. Giving a pulland a lash of the whip to the horse on his right, the driver satdown sideways on the right edge of the scat, so that the reinshung over that side, and with evident desire of showing off, hedrove quickly down to the river, which had to be crossed by aferry. The raft was coming towards them, and had reached themiddle of the river. About twenty carts were waiting to cross.Nekhludoff had not long to wait. The raft, which had been pulledfar up the stream, quickly approached the landing, carried by theswift waters. The tall, silent, broad-shouldered, muscularferryman, dressed in sheepskins, threw the ropes and moored theraft with practised hand, landed the carts that were on it, andput those that were waiting on the bank on board. The whole raftwas filled with vehicles and horses shuffling at the sight of thewater. The broad, swift river splashed against the sides of theferryboats, tightening their moorings. + +When the raft was full, and Nekhludoff's cart, with the horsestaken out of it, stood closely surrounded by other carts on theside of the raft, the ferryman barred the entrance, and, payingno heed to the prayers of those who had not found room in theraft, unfastened the ropes and set off. + +All was quiet on the raft; one could hear nothing but the trampof the ferryman's boots and the horses changing from foot tofoot. + +CHAPTER XXI. + +"JUST A WORTHLESS TRAMP." + +Nekhludoff stood on the edge of the raft looking at the broadriver. Two pictures kept rising up in his mind. One, that ofKryltzoff, unprepared for death and dying, made a heavy,sorrowful impression on him. The other, that of Katusha, full ofenergy, having gained the love of such a man as Simonson, andfound a true and solid path towards righteousness, should havebeen pleasant, yet it also created a heavy impression onNekhludoff's mind, and he could not conquer this impression. + +The vibrating sounds of a big brass bell reached them from thetown. Nekhludoff's driver, who stood by his side, and the othermen on the raft raised their caps and crossed themselves, allexcept a short, dishevelled old man, who stood close to therailway and whom Nekhludoff had not noticed before. He did notcross himself, but raised his head and looked at Nekhludoff. Thisold man wore a patched coat, cloth trousers and worn and patchedshoes. He had a small wallet on his back, and a high fur cap withthe fur much rubbed on his head. + +"Why don't you pray, old chap?" asked Nekhludoff's driver as hereplaced and straightened his cap. "Are you unbaptized?" + +"Who's one to pray to?" asked the old man quickly, in adeterminately aggressive tone. + +"To whom? To God, of course," said the driver sarcastically. + +"And you just show me where he is, that god." There was somethingso serious and firm in the expression of the old man, that thedriver felt that he had to do with a strong-minded man, and was abit abashed. And trying not to show this, not to be silenced, andnot to be put to shame before the crowd that was observing them,he answered quickly. + +"Where? In heaven, of course." + +"And have you been up there?" + +"Whether I've been or not, every one knows that you must pray toGod." + +""No one has ever seen God at any time. The only begotten Son whois in the bosom of the Father he hath declared him," said the oldman in the same rapid manner, and with a severe frown on hisbrow. + +"It's clear you are not a Christian, but a hole worshipper. Youpray to a hole," said the driver, shoving the handle of his whipinto his girdle, pulling straight the harness on one of thehorses. + +Some one laughed. + +"What is your faith, Dad?" asked a middle-aged man, who stood byhis cart on the same side of the raft. + +"I have no kind of faith, because I believe no one--no one butmyself," said the old man as quickly and decidedly as before. + +"How can you believe yourself?" Nekhludoff asked, entering into aconversation with him. "You might make a mistake." + +"Never in your life," the old man said decidedly, with a toss ofhis head. + +"Then why are there different faiths?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"It's just because men believe others and do not believethemselves that there are different faiths. I also believedothers, and lost myself as in a swamp,--lost myself so that I hadno hope of finding my way out. Old believers and new believersand Judaisers and Khlysty and Popovitzy, and Bespopovitzy andAvstriaks and Molokans and Skoptzy --every faith praises itselfonly, and so they all creep about like blind puppies. There aremany faiths, but the spirit is one--in me and in you and in him.So that if every one believes himself all will he united. Everyone he himself, and all will be as one." + +The old man spoke loudly and often looked round, evidentlywishing that as many as possible should hear him. + +"And have you long held this faith?" + +"I? A long time. This is the twenty-third year that theypersecute me." + +"Persecute you? How? + +"As they persecuted Christ, so they persecute me. They seize me,and take me before the courts and before the priests, the Scribesand the Pharisees. Once they put me into a madhouse; but they cando nothing because I am free. They say, 'What is your name?'thinking I shall name myself. But I do not give myself a name. Ihave given up everything: I have no name, no place, no country,nor anything. I am just myself. 'What is your name?' 'Man.' 'Howold are you?' I say, 'I do not count my years and cannot countthem, because I always was, I always shall be.' ' Who are yourparents?' 'I have no parents except God and Mother Earth. God ismy father.' 'And the Tsar? Do you recognise the Tsar?' they say.I say, 'Why not? He is his own Tsar, and I am my own Tsar.''Where's the good of talking to him,' they say, and I say, 'I donot ask you to talk to me.' And so they begin tormenting me." + +"And where are you going now?" asked Nekhludoff. + +"Where God will lead me. I work when I can find work, and when Ican't I beg." The old man noticed that the raft was approachingthe bank and stopped, looking round at the bystanders with a lookof triumph. + +Nekhludoff got out his purse and offered some money to the oldman, but he refused, saying: + +"I do not accept this sort of thing--bread I do accept." + +"Well, then, excuse me." + +"There is nothing to excuse, you have not offended me. And it isnot possible to offend me." And the old man put the wallet he hadtaken off again on his back. Meanwhile, the post-cart had beenlanded and the horses harnessed. + +"I wonder you should care to talk to him, sir," said the driver,when Nekhludoff, having tipped the bowing ferryman, got into thecart again. "He is just a worthless tramp." + +CHAPTER XXII. + +NEKHLUDOFF SEES THE GENERAL. + +When they got to the top of the hill bank the driver turned toNekhludoff. + +"Which hotel am I to drive to?" + +"Which is the best?" + +"Nothing could be better than the Siberian, but Dukeoff's is alsogood." + +"Drive to whichever you like." + +The driver again seated himself sideways and drove faster. Thetown was like all such towns. The same kind of houses with atticwindows and green roofs, the same kind of cathedral, the samekind of shops and stores in the principal street, and even thesame kind of policemen. Only the houses were almost all of themwooden, and the streets were not paved. In one of the chiefstreets the driver stopped at the door of an hotel, but there wasno room to be had, so he drove to another. And here Nekhludoff,after two months, found himself once again in surroundings suchas he had been accustomed to as far as comfort and cleanlinesswent. Though the room he was shown to was simple enough, yetNekhludoff felt greatly relieved to be there after two months ofpost-carts, country inns and halting stations. His first businesswas to clean himself of the lice which he had never been able toget thoroughly rid of after visiting a halting station. When hehad unpacked he went to the Russian bath, after which he madehimself fit to be seen in a town, put on a starched shirt,trousers that had got rather creased along the seams, afrock-coat and an overcoat, and drove to the Governor of thedistrict. The hotel-keeper called an isvostchik, whose well-fedKirghiz horse and vibrating trap soon brought Nekhludoff to thelarge porch of a big building, in front of which stood sentinelsand a policeman. The house had a garden in front, and at theback, among the naked branches of aspen and birch trees, theregrew thick and dark green pines and firs. The General was notwell, and did not receive; but Nekhludoff asked the footman tohand in his card all the same, and the footman came back with afavourable reply. + +"You are asked to come in." + +The hall, the footman, the orderly, the staircase, thedancing-room, with its well-polished floor, were very much thesame as in Petersburg, only more imposing and rather dirtier.Nekhludoff was shown into the cabinet. + +The General, a bloated, potato-nosed man, with a sanguinedisposition, large bumps on his forehead, bald head, and puffsunder his eyes, sat wrapped in a Tartar silk dressing-gownsmoking a cigarette and sipping his tea out of a tumbler in asilver holder. + +"How do you do, sir? Excuse my dressing-gown; it is better sothan if I had not received you at all," he said, pulling up hisdressing-gown over his fat neck with its deep folds at the nape."I am not quite well, and do not go out. What has brought you toour remote region?" + +"I am accompanying a gang of prisoners, among whom there is aperson closely connected with me, said Nekhludoff, and now I havecome to see your Excellency partly in behalf of this person, andpartly about another business." The General took a whiff and asip of tea, put his cigarette into a malachite ashpan, with hisnarrow eyes fixed on Nekhludoff, listening seriously. He onlyinterrupted him once to offer him a cigarette. + +The General belonged to the learned type of military men whobelieved that liberal and humane views can be reconciled withtheir profession. But being by nature a kind and intelligent man,he soon felt the impossibility of such a reconciliation; so asnot to feel the inner discord in which he was living, he gavehimself up more and more to the habit of drinking, which is sowidely spread among military men, and was now suffering from whatdoctors term alcoholism. He was imbued with alcohol, and if hedrank any kind of liquor it made him tipsy. Yet strong drink wasan absolute necessity to him, he could not live without it, so hewas quite drunk every evening; but had grown so used to thisstate that he did not reel nor talk any special nonsense. And ifhe did talk nonsense, it was accepted as words of wisdom becauseof the important and high position which he occupied. Only inthe morning, just at the time Nekhludoff came to see him, he waslike a reasonable being, could understand what was said to him,and fulfil more or less aptly a proverb he was fond of repeating:"He's tipsy, but he's wise, so he's pleasant in two ways." + +The higher authorities knew he was a drunkard, but he was moreeducated than the rest, though his education had stopped at thespot where drunkenness had got hold of him. He was bold, adroit,of imposing appearance, and showed tact even when tipsy;therefore, he was appointed, and was allowed to retain so publicand responsible an office. + +Nekhludoff told him that the person he was interested in was awoman, that she was sentenced, though innocent, and that apetition had been sent to the Emperor in her behalf. + +"Yes, well?" said the General. + +"I was promised in Petersburg that the news concerning her fateshould be sent to me not later than this month and to thisplace-" + +The General stretched his hand with its stumpy fingers towardsthe table, and rang a bell, still looking at Nekhludoff andpuffing at his cigarette. + +"So I would like to ask you that this woman should he allowed toremain here until the answer to her petition comes." + +The footman, an orderly in uniform, came in. + +"Ask if Anna Vasilievna is up," said the General to the orderly,"and bring some more tea." Then, turning to Nekhludoff, "Yes, andwhat else?" + +"My other request concerns a political prisoner who is with thesame gang." + +"Dear me," said the General, with a significant shake of thehead. + +"He is seriously ill--dying, and he will probably he left here inthe hospital, so one of the women prisoners would like to staybehind with him." + +"She is no relation of his?" + +"No, but she is willing to marry him if that will enable her toremain with him." + +The General looked fixedly with twinkling eyes at hisinterlocutor, and, evidently with a wish to discomfit him,listened, smoking in silence. + +When Nekhludoff had finished, the General took a book off thetable, and, wetting his finger, quickly turned over the pages andfound the statute relating to marriage. + +"What is she sentenced to?" he asked, looking up from the book. + +"She? To hard labour." + +"Well, then, the position of one sentenced to that cannot bebettered by marriage." + +"Yes, but-" + +"Excuse me. Even if a free man should marry her, she would haveto serve her term. The question in such cases is, whose is theheavier punishment, hers or his?" + +"They are both sentenced to hard labour." + +"Very well; so they are quits," said the General, with a laugh.She's got what he has, only as he is sick he may be left behind,and of course what can be done to lighten his fate shall be done.But as for her, even if she did marry him, she could not remainbehind." + +"The Generaless is having her coffee," the footman announced. + +The General nodded and continued: + +"However, I shall think about it. What are their names? Put themdown here." + +Nekhludoff wrote down the names. + +Nekhludoff's request to be allowed to see the dying man theGeneral answered by saying, "Neither can I do that. Of course Ido not suspect you, but you take an interest in him and in theothers, and you have money, and here with us anything can be donewith money. I have been told to put down bribery. But how can Iput down bribery when everybody takes bribes? And the lower theirrank the more ready they are to be bribed. How can one find itout across more than three thousand miles? There any official isa little Tsar, just as I am here," and he laughed. "You have inall likelihood been to see the political prisoners; you gavemoney and got permission to see them," he said, with a smile."Is it not so? + +"Yes, it is." + +"I quite understand that you had to do it. You pity a politicalprisoner and wish to see him. And the inspector or the convoysoldier accepts, because he has a salary of twice twenty copecksand a family, and he can't help accepting it. In his place andyours I should have acted in the same way as you and he did. Butin my position I do not permit myself to swerve an inch from theletter of the law, just because I am a man, and might beinfluenced by pity. But I am a member of the executive, and Ihave been placed in a position of trust on certain conditions,and these conditions I must carry out. Well, so this business isfinished. And now let us hear what is going on in themetropolis." And the General began questioning with the evidentdesire to hear the news and to show how very human he was. + +CHAPTER XXIII. + +THE SENTENCE COMMUTED. + +"By-the-way, where are you staying?" asked the General as he wastaking leave of Nekhludoff. "At Duke's? Well, it's horrid enoughthere. Come and dine with us at five o'clock. You speak English? + +"Yes, I do." + +"That's good. You see, an English traveller has just arrivedhere. He is studying the question of transportation and examiningthe prisons of Siberia. Well, he is dining with us to-night, andyou come and meet him. We dine at five, and my wife expectspunctuality. Then I shall also give you an answer what to doabout that woman, and perhaps it may be possible to leave someone behind with the sick prisoner." + +Having made his bow to the General, Nekhludoff drove to thepost-office, feeling himself in an extremely animated andenergetic frame of mind. + +The post-office was a low-vaulted room. Several officials satbehind a counter serving the people, of whom there was quite acrowd. One official sat with his head bent to one side and keptstamping the envelopes, which he slipped dexterously under thestamp. Nekhludoff had not long to wait. As soon as he had givenhis name, everything that had come for him by post was at oncehanded to him. There was a good deal: letters, and money, andbooks, and the last number of Fatherland Notes. Nekhludoff tookall these things to a wooden bench, on which a soldier with abook in his hand sat waiting for something, took the seat by hisside, and began sorting the letters. Among them was oneregistered letter in a fine envelope, with a distinctly stampedbright red seal. He broke the seal, and seeing a letter fromSelenin and some official paper inside the envelope, he felt theblood rush to his face, and his heart stood still. It was theanswer to Katusha's petition. What would that answer be?Nekhludoff glanced hurriedly through the letter, written in anillegibly small, hard, and cramped hand, and breathed a sigh ofrelief. The answer was a favourable one. + +"Dear friend," wrote Selenin, "our last talk has made a profoundimpression on me. You were right concerning Maslova. I lookedcarefully through the case, and see that shocking injustice hasbeen done her. It could he remedied only by the Committee ofPetitions before which you laid it. I managed to assist at theexamination of the case, and I enclose herewith the copy of themitigation of the sentence. Your aunt, the Countess KaterinaIvanovna, gave me the address which I am sending this to. Theoriginal document has been sent to the place where she wasimprisoned before her trial, and will from there he probably sentat once to the principal Government office in Siberia. I hastento communicate this glad news to you and warmly press your hand. + +"Yours, + +"SELENIN." + +The document ran thus: "His Majesty's office for the reception ofpetitions, addressed to his Imperial name"--here followed thedate----"by order of the chief of his Majesty's office for thereception of petitions addressed to his Imperial name. Themeschanka Katerina Maslova is hereby informed that his ImperialMajesty, with reference to her most loyal petition, condescendingto her request, deigns to order that her sentence to hard labourshould be commuted to one of exile to the less distant districtsof Siberia-" + +This was joyful and important news; all that Nekhludoff couldhave hoped for Katusha, and for himself also, had happened. Itwas true that the new position she was in brought newcomplications with it. While she was a convict, marriage with hercould only be fictitious, and would have had no meaning exceptthat he would have been in a position to alleviate her condition.And now there was nothing to prevent their living together, andNekhludoff had not prepared himself for that. And, besides, whatof her relations to Simonson? What was the meaning of her wordsyesterday? If she consented to a union with Simonson, would it bewell? He could not unravel all these questions, and gave upthinking about it. "It will all clear itself up later on," hethought; "I must not think about it now, but convey the glad newsto her as soon as possible, and set her free. He thought that thecopy of the document he had received would suffice, so when heleft the post-office he told the isvostchik to drive him to theprison. + +Though he had received no order from the governor to visit theprison that morning, he knew by experience that it was easy toget from the subordinates what the higher officials would notgrant, so now he meant to try and get into the prison to bringKatusha the joyful news, and perhaps to get her set free, and atthe same time to inquire about Kryltzoff's state of health, andtell him and Mary Pavlovna what the general had said. The prisoninspector was a tall, imposing-looking man, with moustaches andwhiskers that twisted towards the corners of his mouth. Hereceived Nekhludoff very gravely, and told him plainly that hecould not grant an outsider the permission to interview theprisoners without a special order from his chief. To Nekhludoff'sremark that he had been allowed to visit the prisoners even inthe cities he answered: + +"That may be so, but I do not allow it," and his tone implied,"You city gentlemen may think to surprise and perplex us, but wein Eastern Siberia also know what the law is, and may even teachit you." The copy of a document straight from the Emperor's ownoffice did not have any effect on the prison inspector either. Hedecidedly refused to let Nekhludoff come inside the prison walls.He only smiled contemptuously at Nekhludoff's naive conclusion,that the copy he had received would suffice to set Maslova free,and declared that a direct order from his own superiors would beneeded before any one could be set at liberty. The only things heagreed to do were to communicate to Maslova that a mitigation hadarrived for her, and to promise that he would not detain her anhour after the order from his chief to liberate her would arrive.He would also give no news of Kryltzoff, saying he could not eventell if there was such a prisoner; and so Nekhludoff, havingaccomplished next to nothing, got into his trap and drove back tohis hotel. + +The strictness of the inspector was chiefly due to the fact thatan epidemic of typhus had broken out in the prison, owing totwice the number of persons that it was intended for beingcrowded in it. The isvostchik who drove Nekhludoff said, "Quite alot of people are dying in the prison every day, some kind ofdisease having sprung up among them, so that as many as twentywere buried in one day." + +CHAPTER XXIV. + +THE GENERAL'S HOUSEHOLD. + +In spite of his ineffectual attempt at the prison, Nekhludoff,still in the same vigorous, energetic frame of mind, went to theGovernor's office to see if the original of the document hadarrived for Maslova. It had not arrived, so Nekhludoff went backto the hotel and wrote without delay to Selenin and the advocateabout it. When he had finished writing he looked at his watch andsaw it was time to go to the General's dinner party. + +On the way he again began wondering how Katusha would receive thenews of the mitigation of her sentence. Where she would besettled? How he should live with her? What about Simonson? Whatwould his relations to her be? He remembered the change that hadtaken place in her, and this reminded him of her past. "I mustforget it for the present," he thought, and again hastened todrive her out of his mind. "When the time comes I shall see," hesaid to himself, and began to think of what he ought to say tothe General. + +The dinner at the General's, with the luxury habitual to thelives of the wealthy and those of high rank, to which Nekhludoffhad been accustomed, was extremely enjoyable after he had been solong deprived not only of luxury but even of the most ordinarycomforts. The mistress of the house was a Petersburg grande dameof the old school, a maid of honour at the court of Nicholas I.,who spoke French quite naturally and Russian very unnaturally.She held herself very erect and, moving her hands, she kept herelbows close to her waist. She was quietly and, somewhat sadlyconsiderate for her husband, and extremely kind to all hervisitors, though with a tinge of difference in her behaviouraccording to their position. She received Nekhludoff as if hewere one of them, and her fine, almost imperceptible flatterymade him once again aware of his virtues and gave him a feelingof satisfaction. She made him feel that she knew of that honestthough rather singular step of his which had brought him toSiberia, and held him to be an exceptional man. This refinedflattery and the elegance and luxury of the General's house hadthe effect of making Nekhludoff succumb to the enjoyment of thehandsome surroundings, the delicate dishes and the case andpleasure of intercourse with educated people of his own class, sothat the surroundings in the midst of which he had lived for thelast months seemed a dream from which he had awakened to reality.Besides those of the household, the General's daughter and herhusband and an aide-de-camp, there were an Englishman, a merchantinterested in gold mines, and the governor of a distant Siberiantown. All these people seemed pleasant to Nekhludoff. TheEnglishman, a healthy man with a rosy complexion, who spoke verybad French, but whose command of his own language was very goodand oratorically impressive, who had seen a great deal, was veryinteresting to listen to when he spoke about America, India,Japan and Siberia. + +The young merchant interested in the gold mines, the son of apeasant, whose evening dress was made in London, who had diamondstuds to his shirt, possessed a fine library, contributed freelyto philanthropic work, and held liberal European views, seemedpleasant to Nekhludoff as a sample of a quite new and good typeof civilised European culture, grafted on a healthy, uncultivatedpeasant stem. + +The governor of the distant Siberian town was that same man whohad been so much talked about in Petersburg at the timeNekhludoff was there. He was plump, with thin, curly hair, softblue eyes, carefully-tended white hands, with rings on thefingers, a pleasant smile, and very big in the lower part of hisbody. The master of the house valued this governor because of allthe officials he was the only one who would not be bribed. Themistress of the house, who was very fond of music and a very goodpianist herself, valued him because he was a good musician andplayed duets with her. + +Nekhludoff was in such good humour that even this man was notunpleasant to him, in spite of what he knew of his vices. Thebright, energetic aide-de-camp, with his bluey grey chin, who wascontinually offering his services, pleased Nekhludoff by his goodnature. But it was the charming young couple, the General'sdaughter and her husband, who pleased Nekhludoff best. Thedaughter was a plain-looking, simple-minded young woman, whollyabsorbed in her two children. Her husband, whom she had fallen inlove with and married after a long struggle with her parents, wasa Liberal, who had taken honours at the Moscow University, amodest and intellectual young man in Government service, who madeup statistics and studied chiefly the foreign tribes, which heliked and tried to save from dying out. + +All of them were not only kind and attentive to Nekhludoff, butevidently pleased to see him, as a new and interestingacquaintance. The General, who came in to dinner in uniform andwith a white cross round his neck, greeted Nekhludoff as afriend, and asked the visitors to the side table to take a glassof vodka and something to whet their appetites. The General askedNekhludoff what he had been doing since he left that morning, andNekhludoff told him he had been to the post-office and receivedthe news of the mitigation of that person's sentence that he hadspoken of in the morning, and again asked for a permission tovisit the prison. + +The General, apparently displeased that business should bementioned at dinner, frowned and said nothing. + +"Have a glass of vodka" he said, addressing the Englishman, whohad just come up to the table. The Englishman drank a glass, andsaid he had been to see the cathedral and the factory, but wouldlike to visit the great transportation prison. + +"Oh, that will just fit in," said the General to Nekhludoff."You will he able to go together. Give them a pass," he added,turning to his aide-de-camp. + +"When would you like to go?" Nekhludoff asked. + +"I prefer visiting the prisons in the evening," the Englishmananswered. "All are indoors and there is no preparation; you findthem all as they are." + +"Ah, he would like to see it in all its glory! Let him do so. Ihave written about it and no attention has been paid to it. Lethim find out from foreign publications," the General said, andwent up to the dinner table, where the mistress of the house wasshowing the visitors their places. Nekhludoff sat between hishostess and the Englishman. In front of him sat the General'sdaughter and the ex-director of the Government department inPetersburg. The conversation at dinner was carried on by fits andstarts, now it was India that the Englishman talked about, nowthe Tonkin expedition that the General strongly disapproved of,now the universal bribery and corruption in Siberia. All thesetopics did not interest Nekhludoff much. + +But after dinner, over their coffee, Nekhludoff and theEnglishman began a very interesting conversation about Gladstone,and Nekhludoff thought he had said many clever things which werenoticed by his interlocutor. And Nekhludoff felt it more and morepleasant to be sipping his coffee seated in an easy-chair amongamiable, well-bred people. And when at the Englishman's requestthe hostess went up to the piano with the ex-director of theGovernment department, and they began to play in well-practisedstyle Beethoven's fifth symphony, Nekhludoff fell into a mentalstate of perfect self-satisfaction to which he had long been astranger, as though he had only just found out what a good fellowhe was. + +The grand piano was a splendid instrument, the symphony was wellperformed. At least, so it seemed to Nekhludoff, who knew andliked that symphony. Listening to the beautiful andante, he felta tickling in his nose, he was so touched by his many virtues. + +Nekhludoff thanked his hostess for the enjoyment that he had beendeprived of for so long, and was about to say goodbye and go whenthe daughter of the house came up to him with a determined lookand said, with a blush, "You asked about my children. Would youlike to see them?" + +"She thinks that everybody wants to see her children," said hermother, smiling at her daughter's winning tactlessness. "ThePrince is not at all interested." + +"On the contrary, I am very much interested," said Nekhludoff,touched by this overflowing, happy mother-love. "Please let mesee them." + +"She's taking the Prince to see her babies," the General shouted,laughing from the card-table, where he sat with his son-in-law,the mine owner and the aide-de-camp. "Go, go, pay your tribute." + +The young woman, visibly excited by the thought that judgment wasabout to be passed on her children, went quickly towards theinner apartments, followed by Nekhludoff. In the third, a loftyroom, papered with white and lit up by a shaded lamp, stood twosmall cots, and a nurse with a white cape on her shoulders satbetween the cots. She had a kindly, true Siberian face, with itshigh cheek-bones. + +The nurse rose and bowed. The mother stooped over the first cot,in which a two-year-old little girl lay peacefully sleeping withher little mouth open and her long, curly hair tumbled over thepillow. + +"This is Katie," said the mother, straightening the white andblue crochet coverlet, from under which a little white footpushed itself languidly out. + +"Is she not pretty? She's only two years old, you know." + +"Lovely." + +"And this is Vasiuk, as 'grandpapa' calls him. Quite a differenttype. A Siberian, is he not?" + +"A splendid boy," said Nekhludoff, as he looked at the littlefatty lying asleep on his stomach. + +"Yes," said the mother, with a smile full of meaning. + +Nekhludoff recalled to his mind chains, shaved heads, fightingdebauchery, the dying Kryltzoff, Katusha and the whole of herpast, and he began to feel envious and to wish for what he sawhere, which now seemed to him pure and refined happiness. + +After having repeatedly expressed his admiration of the children,thereby at least partially satisfying their mother, who eagerlydrank in this praise, he followed her back to the drawing-room,where the Englishman was waiting for him to go and visit theprison, as they had arranged. Having taken leave of their hosts,the old and the young ones, the Englishman and Nekhludoff wentout into the porch of the General's house. + +The weather had changed. It was snowing, and the snow felldensely in large flakes, and already covered the road, the roofand the trees in the garden, the steps of the porch, the roof ofthe trap and the back of the horse. + +The Englishman had a trap of his own, and Nekhludoff, having toldthe coachman to drive to the prison, called his isvostchik andgot in with the heavy sense of having to fulfil an unpleasantduty, and followed the Englishman over the soft snow, throughwhich the wheels turned with difficulty. + +CHAPTER XXV. + +MASLOVA'S DECISION. + +The dismal prison house, with its sentinel and lamp burning underthe gateway, produced an even more dismal impression, with itslong row of lighted windows, than it had done in the morning, inspite of the white covering that now lay over everything--theporch, the roof and the walls. + +The imposing inspector came up to the gate and read the pass thathad been given to Nekhludoff and the Englishman by the light ofthe lamp, shrugged his fine shoulders in surprise, but, inobedience to the order, asked the visitors to follow him in. Heled them through the courtyard and then in at a door to the rightand up a staircase into the office. He offered them a seat andasked what he could do for them, and when he heard thatNekhludoff would like to see Maslova at once, he sent a jailer tofetch her. Then he prepared himself to answer the questions whichthe Englishman began to put to him, Nekhludoff acting asinterpreter. + +"How many persons is the prison built to hold?" the Englishmanasked. "How many are confined in it? How many men? How manywomen? Children? How many sentenced to the mines? How manyexiles? How many sick persons?" + +Nekhludoff translated the Englishman's and the inspector's wordswithout paying any attention to their meaning, and felt anawkwardness he had not in the least expected at the thought ofthe impending interview. When, in the midst of a sentence he wastranslating for the Englishman, he heard the sound of approachingfootsteps, and the office door opened, and, as had happened manytimes before, a jailer came in, followed by Katusha, and he sawher with a kerchief tied round her head, and in a prison jacket aheavy sensation came over him. "I wish to live, I want a family,children, I want a human life." These thoughts flashed throughhis mind as she entered the room with rapid steps and blinkingher eyes. + +He rose and made a few steps to meet her, and her face appearedhard and unpleasant to him. It was again as it had been at thetime when she reproached him. She flushed and turned pale, herfingers nervously twisting a corner of her jacket. She looked upat him, then cast down her eyes. + +"You know that a mitigation has come?" + +"Yes, the jailer told me." + +"So that as soon as the original document arrives you may comeaway and settle where you like. We shall consider--" + +She interrupted him hurriedly. "What have I to consider? WhereValdemar Simonson goes, there I shall follow." In spite of theexcitement she was in she raised her eyes to Nekhludoff's andpronounced these words quickly and distinctly, as if she hadprepared what she had to say. + +"Indeed!" + +"Well, Dmitri Ivanovitch, you see he wishes me to live withhim--" and she stopped, quite frightened, and corrected herself."He wishes me to be near him. What more can I desire? I must lookupon it as happiness. What else is there for me--" + +"One of two things," thought he. "Either she loves Simonson anddoes not in the least require the sacrifice I imagined I wasbringing her, or she still loves me and refuses me for my ownsake, and is burning her ships by uniting her fate withSimonson." And Nekhludoff felt ashamed and knew that he wasblushing. + +"And you yourself, do you love him?" he asked. + +"Loving or not loving, what does it matter? I have given up allthat. And then Valdemar Simonson is quite an exceptional man." + +"Yes, of course," Nekhludoff began. "He is a splendid man, and Ithink--" + +But she again interrupted him, as if afraid that he might say toomuch or that she should not say all. "No, Dmitri Ivanovitch, youmust forgive me if I am not doing what you wish," and she lookedat him with those unfathomable, squinting eyes of hers. "Yes, itevidently must be so. You must live, too." + +She said just what he had been telling himself a few momentsbefore, but he no longer thought so now and felt verydifferently. He was not only ashamed, but felt sorry to lose allhe was losing with her. "I did not expect this," he said. + +"Why should you live here and suffer? You have suffered enough." + +"I have not suffered. It was good for me, and I should like to goon serving you if I could." + +"We do not want anything," she said, and looked at him. + +"You have done so much for me as it is. If it had not been foryou--" She wished to say more, but her voice trembled. + +"You certainly have no reason to thank me," Nekhludoff said. + +"Where is the use of our reckoning? God will make up ouraccounts," she said, and her black eyes began to glisten with thetears that filled them. + +"What a good woman you are," he said. + +"I good?" she said through her tears, and a pathetic smile lit upher face. + +"Are you ready?" the Englishman asked. + +"Directly," replied Nekhludoff and asked her about Kryltzoff. + +She got over her emotion and quietly told him all she knew.Kryltzoff was very weak and had been sent into the infirmary.Mary Pavlovna was very anxious, and had asked to be allowed to goto the infirmary as a nurse, but could not get the permission. + +"Am I to go?" she asked, noticing that the Englishman waswaiting. + +"I will not say good-bye; I shall see you again," saidNekhludoff, holding out his hand. + +"Forgive me," she said so low that he could hardly hear her.Their eyes met, and Nekhludoff knew by the strange look of hersquinting eyes and the pathetic smile with which she said not"Good-bye" but "Forgive me," that of the two reasons that mighthave led to her resolution, the second was the real one. Sheloved him, and thought that by uniting herself to him she wouldbe spoiling his life. By going with Simonson she thought shewould be setting Nekhludoff free, and felt glad that she had donewhat she meant to do, and yet she suffered at parting from him. + +She pressed his hand, turned quickly and left the room. + +Nekhludoff was ready to go, but saw that the Englishman wasnoting something down, and did not disturb him, but sat down on awooden seat by the wall, and suddenly a feeling of terribleweariness came over him. It was not a sleepless night that hadtired him, not the journey, not the excitement, but he feltterribly tired of living. He leaned against the back of thebench, shut his eyes and in a moment fell into a deep, heavysleep. + +"Well, would you like to look round the cells now?" the inspectorasked. + +Nekhludoff looked up and was surprised to find himself where hewas. The Englishman had finished his notes and expressed a wishto see the cells. + +Nekhludoff, tired and indifferent, followed him. + +CHAPTER XXVI. + +THE ENGLISH VISITOR. + +When they had passed the anteroom and the sickening, stinkingcorridor, the Englishman and Nekhludoff, accompanied by theinspector, entered the first cell, where those sentenced to hardlabour were confined. The beds took up the middle of the cell andthe prisoners were all in bed. There were about 70 of them. Whenthe visitors entered all the prisoners jumped up and stood besidethe beds, excepting two, a young man who was in a state of highfever, and an old man who did nothing but groan. + +The Englishman asked if the young man had long been ill. Theinspector said that he was taken ill in the morning, but that theold man had long been suffering with pains in the stomach, butcould not be removed, as the infirmary had been overfilled for along time. The Englishman shook his head disapprovingly, said hewould like to say a few words to these people, asking Nekhludoffto interpret. It turned out that besides studying the places ofexile and the prisons of Siberia, the Englishman had anotherobject in view, that of preaching salvation through faith and bythe redemption. + +"Tell them," he said, "that Christ died for them. If they believein this they shall be saved." While he spoke, all the prisonersstood silent with their arms at their sides. "This book, tellthem," he continued, "says all about it. Can any of them read?" + +There were more than 20 who could. + +The Englishman took several bound Testaments out of a hang-bag,and many strong hands with their hard, black nails stretched outfrom beneath the coarse shirt-sleeves towards him. He gave awaytwo Testaments in this cell. + +The same thing happened in the second cell. There was the samefoul air, the same icon hanging between the windows, the same tubto the left of the door, and they were all lying side by sideclose to one another, and jumped up in the same manner and stoodstretched full length with their arms by their sides, all butthree, two of whom sat up and one remained lying, and did noteven look at the newcomers; these three were also ill. TheEnglishman made the same speech and again gave away two books. + +In the third room four were ill. When the Englishman asked whythe sick were not put all together into one cell, the inspectorsaid that they did not wish it themselves, that their diseaseswere not infectious, and that the medical assistant watched themand attended to them. + +"He has not set foot here for a fortnight," muttered a voice. + +The inspector did not say anything and led the way to the nextcell. Again the door was unlocked, and all got up and stoodsilent. Again the Englishman gave away Testaments. It was thesame in the fifth and sixth cells, in those to the right andthose to the left. + +From those sentenced to hard labour they went on to the exiles. + +From the exiles to those evicted by the Commune and those whofollowed of their own free will. + +Everywhere men, cold, hungry, idle, infected, degraded,imprisoned, were shown off like wild beasts. + +The Englishman, having given away the appointed number ofTestaments, stopped giving any more, and made no speeches. Theoppressing sight, and especially the stifling atmosphere, quelledeven his energy, and he went from cell to cell, saying nothingbut "All right" to the inspector's remarks about what prisonersthere were in each cell. + +Nekhludoff followed as in a dream, unable either to refuse to goon or to go away, and with the same feelings of weariness andhopelessness. + +CHAPTER XXVII. + +KRYLTZOFF AT REST. + +In one of the exiles' cells Nekhludoff, to his surprise,recognised the strange old man he had seen crossing the ferrythat morning. This old man was sitting on the floor by the beds,barefooted, with only a dirty cinder-coloured shirt on, torn onone shoulder, and similar trousers. He looked severely andenquiringly at the newcomers. His emaciated body, visible throughthe holes of his shirt, looked miserably weak, but in his facewas even more concentrated seriousness and animation than whenNekhludoff saw him crossing the ferry. As in all the other cells,so here also the prisoners jumped up and stood erect when theofficial entered, but the old man remained sitting. His eyesglittered and his brows frowned with wrath. + +"Get up," the inspector called out to him. + +The old man did not rise and only smiled contemptuously. + +"Thy servants are standing before thee. I am not thy servant.Thou bearest the seal--" The old man pointed to the inspector'sforehead. + +"Wha-a-t?" said the inspector threateningly, and made a steptowards him. + +"I know this man," Nekhludoff hastened to say; "what is heimprisoned for?" + +"The police have sent him here because he has no passport. We askthem not to send such, but they will do it," said the inspector,casting an angry side look at the old man. + +"And so it seems thou, too, art one of Antichrist's army?" theold man said to Nekhludoff. + +"No, I am a visitor," said Nekhludoff. + +"What, hast thou come to see how Antichrist tortures men? There,look, he has locked them up in a cage, a whole army of them. Menshould cat bread in the sweat of their brow. And he has lockedthem up with no work to do, and feeds them like swine, so thatthey should turn into beasts." + +"What is he saying?" asked the Englishman. + +Nekhludoff told him the old man was blaming the inspector forkeeping men imprisoned. + +"Ask him how he thinks one should treat those who do not keep tothe laws," said the Englishman. + +Nekhludoff translated the question. The old man laughed in astrange manner, showing his teeth. + +"The laws?" he repeated with contempt. "He first robbedeverybody, took all the earth, all the rights away from men,killed all those who were against him, and then wrote laws,forbidding robbery and murder. He should have written these lawsbefore." + +Nekhludoff translated. The Englishman smiled. "Well, anyhow, askhim how one should treat thieves and murderers at present?" + +Nekhludoff again translated his question. + +"Tell him he should take the seal of Antichrist off himself," theold man said, frowning severely; "then there will he no thievesand murderers. Tell him so." + +"He is crazy," said the Englishman, when Nekhludoff hadtranslated the old man's words, and, shrugging his shoulders, heleft the cell. + +"Do thy business and leave them alone. Every one for himself. Godknows whom to execute, whom to forgive, and we do not know," saidthe old man. "Every man be his own chief, then the chiefs willnot be wanted. Go, go!" he added, angrily frowning and lookingwith glittering eyes at Nekhludoff, who lingered in the cell."Hast thou not looked on long enough how the servants ofAntichrist feed lice on men? Go, go!" + +When Nekhludoff went out he saw the Englishman standing by theopen door of an empty cell with the inspector, asking what thecell was for. The inspector explained that it was the mortuary. + +"Oh," said the Englishman when Nekhludoff had translated, andexpressed the wish to go in. + +The mortuary was an ordinary cell, not very large. A small lamphung on the wall and dimly lit up sacks and logs of wood thatwere piled up in one corner, and four dead bodies lay on thebedshelves to the right. The first body had a coarse linen shirtand trousers on; it was that of a tall man with a small beard andhalf his head shaved. The body was quite rigid; the bluish hands,that had evidently been folded on the breast, had separated; thelegs were also apart and the bare feet were sticking out. Next tohim lay a bare-footed old woman in a white petticoat, her head,with its thin plait of hair, uncovered, with a little, pinchedyellow face and a sharp nose. Beyond her was another man withsomething lilac on. This colour reminded Nekhludoff of something.He came nearer and looked at the body. The small, pointed beardsticking upwards, the firm, well-shaped nose, the high, whiteforehead, the thin, curly hair; he recognised the familiarfeatures and could hardly believe his eyes. Yesterday he had seenthis face, angry, excited, and full of suffering; now it wasquiet, motionless, and terribly beautiful. Yes, it was Kryltzoff,or at any rate the trace that his material existence had leftbehind. "Why had he suffered? Why had he lived? Does he nowunderstand?" Nekhludoff thought, and there seemed to be noanswer, seemed to be nothing but death, and he felt faint.Without taking leave of the Englishman, Nekhludoff asked theinspector to lead him out into the yard, and feeling the absolutenecessity of being alone to think over all that had happened thatevening, he drove back to his hotel. + +CHAPTER XXVIII. + +A NEW LIFE DAWNS FOR NEKHLUDOFF. + +Nekhludoff did not go to bed, but went up and down his room for along time. His business with Katusha was at an end. He was notwanted, and this made him sad and ashamed. His other business wasnot only unfinished, but troubled him more than ever and demandedhis activity. All this horrible evil that he had seen and learnedto know lately, and especially to-day in that awful prison, thisevil, which had killed that dear Kryltzoff, ruled and wastriumphant, and he could foreseen possibility of conquering oreven knowing how to conquer it. Those hundreds and thousands ofdegraded human beings locked up in the noisome prisons byindifferent generals, procureurs, inspectors, rose up in hisimagination; he remembered the strange, free old man accusing theofficials, and therefore considered mad, and among the corpsesthe beautiful, waxen face of Kryltzoff, who had died in anger.And again the question as to whether he was mad or those whoconsidered they were in their right minds while they committedall these deeds stood before him with renewed force and demandedan answer. + +Tired of pacing up and down, tired of thinking, he sat down onthe sofa near the lamp and mechanically opened the Testamentwhich the Englishman had given him as a remembrance, and which hehad thrown on the table when he emptied his pockets on coming in. + +"It is said one can find an answer to everything here," hethought, and opened the Testament at random and began readingMatt. xviii. 1-4: "In that hour came the disciples unto Jesus,saying, Who then is greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven? And Hecalled to Him a little child, and set him in the midst of them,and said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye turn and become aslittle children, ye shall in nowise enter into the Kingdom ofHeaven. Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this littlechild the same is the greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven." + +"Yes, yes, that is true," he said, remembering that he had knownthe peace and joy of life only when he had humbled himself. + +"And whosoever shall receive one such little child in My namereceiveth Me, but whoso shall cause one of these little ones tostumble, it is more profitable for him that a great millstoneshould be hanged about his neck and that he should be sunk in thedepths of the sea." (Matt. xviii. 5, 6.) + +"What is this for, 'Whosoever shall receive?' Receive where? Andwhat does 'in my name' mean?" he asked, feeling that these wordsdid not tell him anything. "And why 'the millstone round his neckand the depths of the sea?' No, that is not it: it is not clear,"and he remembered how more than once in his life he had taken toreading the Gospels, and how want of clearness in these passageshad repulsed him. He went on to read the seventh, eighth, ninth,and tenth verses about the occasions of stumbling, and that theymust come, and about punishment by casting men into hell fire,and some kind of angels who see the face of the Father in Heaven."What a pity that this is so incoherent," he thought, "yet onefeels that there is something good in it." + +"For the Son of Man came to save that which was lost," hecontinued to read. + +"How think ye? If any man have a hundred sheep and one of them goastray, doth he not leave the ninety and nine and go into themountains and seek that which goeth astray? And if so be that hefind it, verily I say unto you, he rejoiceth over it more thanover the ninety and nine which have not gone astray. + +"Even so it is not the will of your Father which is in Heaventhat one of these little ones should perish." + +"Yes, it is not the will of the Father that they should perish,and here they are perishing by hundreds and thousands. And thereis no possibility of saving them," he thought. + +Then came Peter and said to him, How oft shall my brother offendme and I forgive him? Until seven times? Jesus saith unto him, Isay not unto thee until seven times, but until seventy timesseven. + +"Therefore is the Kingdom of Heaven likened unto a certain kingwhich made a reckoning with his servants. And when he had begunto reckon, one was brought unto him which owed him ten thousandtalents. But forasmuch as he had not wherewith to pay, his lordcommanded him to be sold, and his wife and children, and all thathe had, and payment to be made. The servant therefore fell downand worshipped him, saying, Lord, have patience with me; I willpay thee all. And the lord of that servant, being moved withcompassion, released him and forgave him the debt. But thatservant went out, and found one of his fellow-servants which owedhim a hundred pence; and he laid hold on him and took him by thethroat, saying, Pay what thou owest. So his fellow-servant felldown and besought him, saying, Have patience with me and I willpay thee. And he would not, but went and cast him into prisontill he should pay that which was due. So when hisfellow-servants saw what was done, they were exceeding sorry, andcame and told unto their lord all that was done. Then his lordcalled him unto him and saith to him, Thou wicked servant, Iforgave thee all that debt because thou besought me; shouldst notthou also have mercy on thy fellow-servant as I had mercy onthee?" + +"And is this all?" Nekhludoff suddenly exclaimed aloud, and theinner voice of the whole of his being said, "Yes, it is all." Andit happened to Nekhludoff, as it often happens to men who areliving a spiritual life. The thought that seemed strange at firstand paradoxical or even to be only a joke, being confirmed moreand more often by life's experience, suddenly appeared as thesimplest, truest certainty. In this way the idea that the onlycertain means of salvation from the terrible evil from which menwere suffering was that they should always acknowledge themselvesto be sinning against God, and therefore unable to punish orcorrect others, because they were dear to Him. It became clear tohim that all the dreadful evil he had been witnessing in prisonsand jails and the quiet self-satisfaction of the perpetrators ofthis evil were the consequences of men trying to do what wasimpossible; trying to correct evil while being evil themselves;vicious men were trying to correct other vicious men, and thoughtthey could do it by using mechanical means, and the onlyconsequence of all this was that the needs and the cupidity ofsome men induced them to take up this so-called punishment andcorrection as a profession, and have themselves become utterlycorrupt, and go on unceasingly depraving those whom they torment.Now he saw clearly what all the terrors he had seen came from,and what ought to be done to put a stop to them. The answer hecould not find was the same that Christ gave to Peter. It wasthat we should forgive always an infinite number of times becausethere are no men who have not sinned themselves, and thereforenone can punish or correct others. + +"But surely it cannot he so simple," thought Nekhludoff, and yethe saw with certainty, strange as it had seemed at first, that itwas not only a theoretical but also a practical solution of thequestion. The usual objection, "What is one to do with the evildoers? Surely not let them go unpunished?" no longer confusedhim. This objection might have a meaning if it were proved thatpunishment lessened crime, or improved the criminal, but when thecontrary was proved, and it was evident that it was not inpeople's power to correct each other, the only reasonable thingto do is to leave off doing the things which are not onlyuseless, but harmful, immoral and cruel. + +For many centuries people who were considered criminals have beentortured. Well, and have they ceased to exist? No; their numbershave been increased not alone by the criminals corrupted bypunishment but also by those lawful criminals, the judges,procureurs, magistrates and jailers, who judge and punish men.Nekhludoff now understood that society and order in generalexists not because of these lawful criminals who judge and punishothers, but because in spite of men being thus depraved, theystill pity and love one another. + +In hopes of finding a confirmation of this thought in the Gospel,Nekhludoff began reading it from the beginning. When he had readthe Sermon on the Mount, which had always touched him, he saw init for the first time to-day not beautiful abstract thoughts,setting forth for the most part exaggerated and impossibledemands, but simple, clear, practical laws. If these laws werecarried out in practice (and this was quite possible) they wouldestablish perfectly new and surprising conditions of social life,in which the violence that filled Nekhludoff with suchindignation would cease of itself. Not only this, but thegreatest blessing that is obtainable to men, the Kingdom ofHeaven on Earth would he established. There were five of theselaws. + +The first (Matt. v. 21-26), that man should not only do nomurder, but not even be angry with his brother, should notconsider any one worthless: "Raca," and if he has quarrelled withany one he should make it up with him before bringing his gift toGod--i.e., before praying. + +The second (Matt. v. 27-32), that man should not only not commitadultery but should not even seek for enjoyment in a woman'sbeauty, and if he has once come together with a woman he shouldnever be faithless to her. + +The third (Matt. 33-37), that man should never bind himself byoath. + +The fourth (Matt. 38-42), that man should not only not demand aneye for an eye, but when struck on one cheek should hold out theother, should forgive an offence and bear it humbly, and neverrefuse the service others demand of him. + +The fifth (Matt. 43-48), that man should not only not hate hisenemy and not fight him, but love him, help him, serve him. + +Nekhludoff sat staring at the lamp and his heart stood still.Recalling the monstrous confusion of the life we lead, hedistinctly saw what that life could be if men were brought up toobey these rules, and rapture such as he had long not felt filledhis soul, just as if after long days of weariness and sufferinghe had suddenly found ease and freedom. + +He did not sleep all night, and as it happens to many and many aman who reads the Gospels he understood for the first time thefull meaning of the words read so often before but passed byunnoticed. He imbibed all these necessary, important and joyfulrevelations as a sponge imbibes water. And all he read seemed sofamiliar and seemed to confirm, to form into a conception, whathe had known long ago, but had never realised and never quitebelieved. Now he realised and believed it, and not only realisedand believed that if men would obey these laws they would obtainthe highest blessing they can attain to, he also realised andbelieved that the only duty of every man is to fulfil these laws;that in this lies the only reasonable meaning of life, that everystepping aside from these laws is a mistake which is immediatelyfollowed by retribution. This flowed from the whole of theteaching, and was most strongly and clearly illustrated in theparable of the vineyard. + +The husbandman imagined that the vineyard in which they were sentto work for their master was their own, that all that was in wasmade for them, and that their business was to enjoy life in thisvineyard, forgetting the Master and killing all those whoreminded them of his existence. "Are we do not doing the same,"Nekhludoff thought, "when we imagine ourselves to be masters ofour lives, and that life is given us for enjoyment? Thisevidently is an incongruity. We were sent here by some one's willand for some reason. And we have concluded that we live only forour own joy, and of course we feel unhappy as labourers do whennot fulfilling their Master's orders. The Master's will isexpressed in these commandments. If men will only fulfil theselaws, the Kingdom of Heaven will be established on earth, and menwill receive the greatest good that they can attain to. + +"'Seek ye first the Kingdom and His righteousness, and all thesethings shall be added unto you.' + +"And so here it is, the business of my life. Scarcely have Ifinished one and another has commenced." And a perfectly new lifedawned that night for Nekhludoff, not because he had entered intonew conditions of life, but because everything he did after thatnight had a new and quite different significance than before. Howthis new period of his life will end time alone will prove. + +End XFIRMZ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/resurrection-zh.txt b/data/resurrection-zh.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..244f8cea782c0bb87afda40afe1d05827f8ba591 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/resurrection-zh.txt @@ -0,0 +1,14602 @@ +《查泰莱夫人的情人》 +TXT小说天堂 https://www.xstt5.com，最有文艺气息的文学网站，提供经典的文学名著、武侠小说、言情小说、人文社科类书籍在线阅读，所有TXT电子书手机免费下载阅读，我们提供给您的小说不求最多，但求最经典最完整 + + + + 查特莱夫人的情人序 + + 因为坊间出现了好几种《查太莱夫人的情人》的偷印版，所以我现在决意在法国印行这种六十法郎的廉价的大众版，我希望这一来定可满足欧洲大陆读者的要求了。但是，偷印家们——至少在美国——是猖厥的。真版的第一版书从佛罗伦斯寄到美国不到一月，在纽约业已有第一版的偷印版出卖了。这种偷印版与原版第一版，拿来卖给不存疑心的读者。价钱普通卖十五块金元，而原版的价钱是十元；买者对于这种欺骗是懵然无知的。 + + 这种大胆的企图，他人也照样做起来了。有人告诉我，纽约还出有另一种摹本，而我自己也得到一本样子肮脏的书，用的是暗晦的橙色布面，绿色的包条，是油秽地影印出来的，里面还有偷印家家里的小孩子替我签上的假的签字。这种偷印版，在一九八二年未从纽约出现，后来又传到伦敦，索偷三十先令。于是我决意在佛罗伦斯印行第二版——两百本。价钱是一金镑。我原想再等一年以上再出的，但是我不得不发了出去以反抗那搞肮脏的橙色盗贼。不过发行的数目太少了，橙色盗贼还是打不倒。 + + 以后我又得到了一本色调凄凉的偷印本，黑的书皮，长方的式样，凄凉得象一本圣经或圣歌。这一次，盗贼不但是质朴的，而后庄严起来了，他的书名页不是一页，而是两页。每本都印了一只美国鹰的小插画，头上绕着六颗星，电光在它的爪上飞闪，一个桂冠把整个图画环绕了起来，以庆祝他的最近的文学的劫掠行为。真的，这是一本狰狞的书，它令人想起脸孔涂黑的船长奇德。对那些正要跳海而死的人读着诗文。为什么那偷印家要用题头去把书形放长，我不知道。结果是把这书弄得特别令人泪丧，狰狞地令人生怕。当然，这本书也是影印出来的，可是签字却遗漏了。我听说这么惨的书要卖十块、二十块、三十块甚至五十块金元，那要看书贩的喜欢和买者的易否受骗。 + + 这样看来，在美国有三种偷印版是无疑的了。我听说还有第四种，也是原版的摹本。但是我既然没有见过，我情愿不去相信了。 + + 此外，还有一种欧洲的偷印版，印了一千五百册，是一个巴黎的书店印出来的，书上注明："在德国印刷"。是否在德国印刷可以不用管，无疑的那是印刷的，而不是影印的，因为原版上有些错字都给改正了。这是很不错的一本书，虽然没有我签字，却复制得和原本差不多，分别的地方就在它的书脊上的绿色的黄色丝边。这种版本卖给书贩贩是一百法郎，而卖给读者是三百、四百和五百法郎。据说有些很无廉耻的书贾，加了我的签字在上面，把这书当作原版出卖。希望这不是真的。但是这一切都显得商业团体太黑暗了。虽然这儿倒有些足资慰藉的事,有一部分书贾，却坚决拒绝出卖偷印版，人情和商业道德不容他干这勾当。有些虽然卖，但是并不怎么热忱，显然他们都是情愿出卖著者许可的版本的。所以这种反对偷印家的纯正的感情是可贵的，即令还不足以将他们的路子打断。 + + 所有这些偷印版都没有得过我任何形式的许可，我也没有得过他们半个铜子。虽然纽约的一个良心未死的书贾，却也寄给了我了些钱，说那是该书在他店里经售后的十分之一的版税。他的信说："我知道，这不过是沧海第一滴罢了。"自然，他是说这只是大海里漏出来的一滴罢了。就这么一滴，已经是很可观的一笔小数目，足见偷印家们的那个大海是鼓钦盛哉了！ + + 我得到了欧洲偷印家们的一个为时已晚的提议，他们因为觉得书贾们太倔强了，情愿让我抽出卖和未卖的书的版税，只要我肯承认他们的版本。我自己想，好罢，在这种包办里，你不利用他们，他们便要利用你的，——为什么不呢？——但是当我到了要实行的时候，我的自尊心却反叛起来了。明白的、负义的犹大(judas)总是准备着给你一个亲吻的。但是要我回他一个亲吻，咳！…… + + 因此我决意出了这种法国版，它是从原版影印的，价钱是六十法郎。英国的发行家们，力劝我出一个删改本，答应我丰富的报酬，或许是一桷——一个孩子在大海边刑事犯罪的小桷！——的黄金吧。而且他们坚决要我告诉读者，那么一来的删改本是一部优美的小说，所有"猥亵"；"淫秽"都没有了。这样我有点给他们引诱着了，而开始删改。但那是不可能的！那等于用剪刀裁剪我自己的鼻子。书流血了。 + + 人们要反对只管反对，我却要表白这部小说是一本纯正的、健全的、我们今日需要的书。有些字眼，起初是令人震惊的，过了一会便毫不可惊了。这是不是因为我们的心地给习惯所腐化了呢？绝不是。那些字眼不过惊刺我们的睛眼，但从不惊刺我们的心地。没有心地的人只管震惊去吧，他们是不算数的。有心地的人自知他们是不震惊，而且事实上他们从没有震惊过，他们只觉得有一种解脱的感觉。 + + 重要的地方就在这儿。我们今日的人类，已经进化超于我们的文化所附带的种种野蛮禁忌以外了。这种事实的认识是很重要的。 + + 在十字军时代的人，大概最简单的字眼对于他们都有一种挑引的权能，而非我们今日所能想象的。所谓"猥亵的"字眼的挑引权能，对于中古时代人人愚昧的、混涵的、暴烈的天性，一定是很危险的，即使对于今日的天生卑下、迟钝而进化不全的人，也许还是太强的。但是，真正的教化，却使我们对于一个字眼只有内心的、想象的反映，而不是肉体的、暴列的、无理智的反映——那是要破坏社会风化的。从前，人心太愚或太野了，故一一想到他的肉体和肉体的功能的时候，便不免为主宰他的肉体的反应所苦。现在却不然了。教化和文明教我们把字眼与事实，思想与行为或与肉体反应脱离开来。我们现在知道，行为不一定是跟思想定的。事实上，思想和行动，字眼和事实，是意识的两种分离的形式。是我们所过的两种分离的生活。我们确实是需要把这两种东西联合起来。但是，当我们思想的时候，我们便不能行动；当我们行动的时候，我们便不能思想。最大的需要，是我们依照思想来行动和依照行动而思想。但是，当我们在思想中的时候，我们便不能真正行动；当我们在行动的时候，我们便不能真正思想，思想与行动这两种情境是互相排挤的。可是这两种情境是得要和谐地相生相承的。 + + 这本书的真正意义便在这儿。我要世间的男子女子能够充分地、完备地、纯正地、无理地去思想性的事情。纵令我们不能随心所欲地作性的行动，但至少让我们有完备无理的性的思想。所以那些逸话，什么纯洁的少女，洁白得象一张未染墨的白纸，都是纯粹的胡说，一个少女和一个青年男子，是性的感情的性的思想的一种苦恼的网，一种沸腾的混乱，只有时间才能清出头绪的。多年的纯正的性思想，多年的性的奋斗行为将使我们终于达到我们所要达到的地方，达到真正的功德圆满的贞洁，达到完备的终点，那时我们的性行为、性思想是和谐的，不相左的。 + + 我毫无意思要所有的女子都去追求她们的守猎人做情人。我毫无意思要她们去追逐任何人。我们今日有许多男人和女人，都觉得过着与性爱隔绝的纯洁的生活，而同时更充分地去明白和了解性爱是最幸福的。在我们现在的时代，与其行动，不如了解。我们的过去，行动太多了——尤其是性爱的行动，厌烦地做来做去都是那一套，没有相当的思想，没有相当的了解。现在、我们所在努力的是性爱的了解。在今日，性爱的充分的觉悟的了解，是比行动更重要的。在蒙昧了千百年以后的精神，现在要求认识，充分地认识了。肉体实在是太被人忽视了。 + + 现在的人在实行性爱的时候，他们大半的时间只觉得那是照例的行为。他们所以做，是因为他们以为那是他们的任务。而实际上，却只有精神在兴奋，肉体是要等人去挑拔才行的。原来是因为我们的祖先们，一向在实行性爱的时候就没有过思想和了解，到了现在，这行为便渐渐变为机械的、麻木的、令人泪丧的了，只有一种新鲜的内心的了解，才能使原来的鲜艳恢复。 + + 在性爱中，精神是落后的，真实在所有肉体的行为中，精神都是落后的。我们的性爱思想，葡伏地爬行在一种黑暗中，一种秘密的惊恐中，这惊恐是我们的粗野的、未开化的祖先们所遗传下来的。只有在这一点上，性爱的肉体的这一点上，我们的精神是没有进化的。我们现在得要迎头赶上去，使肉体的感觉的意识，和这感觉本身和谐起来，使行为意识和行为本身和谐起来。这便要对于性爱有适当的尊敬，对于肉体的奇异的经验有相当的敬畏；这便要能够自由运用所谓猥亵的字眼，因为这些字眼是精神对于肉体所有意识的自然的一部分。猥亵之所以来，是因为精神蔑视和惧怕肉体，而肉体憎恨和反抗精神。 + + 派克大佐的事件，便足以使人们醒悟了。派克大佐原是一个假扮男装的女子，这位"大佐"娶了一位女子，和她度了五年"炕责的幸福生活"。可怜的妻室在这五年中，自以为和普通人一样，快乐地嫁了一个真丈夫。等最终发觉的时候，这个可怜的妇人的残酷的惭愧是难于想象的。这种情境是怪异的。可是我们今日却有成千成万的女子，也许受着同样的欺骗而在去里雾中继续生活下去。为什么？因为她们毫无所知，因为她们完全不能有性爱的思想。在这一点上，她们是傻驱儿。这本书最好是拿给所有十七岁的少女们看看。 + + 还有一位可敬的校长兼牧师的事件，也是一样可以令人醒悟的。他过了多年神圣与道德的生涯后，在六十五岁的时候，因为强奸幼女而现身法庭。这事正发生在内政部长——他自己也上了年纪了——大声疾呼地要求而且勒令对于所有性爱事件皆应谨守缄默的时候。难道那另一位可敬的年高德盛的先生的经验，毫不使他考虑一下么？ + + 但是事情就是这样，精神对于肉体和肉体的权能，有一种渊源古远的潜伏着的恐惧。在这一点上，我们得把精神解放出来，开化起来。精神对于肉体的恐怖，使无数的人癫狂。一个伟大如斯威夫特(swift)的精神之所以昏乱，这种原因至少可以拿来解释一部分。在他写给他的情妇赛利亚，"赛利亚，赛利亚拉屎了"，足见精神恐怖的时候，对于一个大智者能有怎样的影响了。大智如斯威夫特，竟不知其自陷于多么可笑的情境。当然，赛利亚是要拉屎的。谁又不呢？如果她不的话，那就糟了。多么荒唐。想想这可怜的赛利亚吧，她的"情人"竟把她的自然功能说得使她感觉屈辱！这是怪异的。这一节都是因为禁用的字眼。和精神对于肉体与性有这的意识不够启发的缘敬。 + + 一边，卫道家的"哼！哼！"产生着性爱的愚人；一边我们却有无因的聪明的摩登青年，"哼！哼！"哼不着他们。"笑骂由之"。一边大有人惧怕着肉体，而否认肉体的存在；一边，进步的青年们却走向另一个极端，把肉体当一种玩具来对待，这玩具虽有点儿讨厌，但是在它没有把你放弃以前，你却可以得到点乐趣。这些青年哪里管什么性爱不性爱，他们只当作一种酒喝，而且拿来做嘲笑老年人的话柄。这些青年是进步的，高傲的，一本象《查太莱夫人的情人》的书，他们是满不放在眼里的。他们觉得这书太简单、太平凡了。他们觉得些坏字眼是家常便饭，那种爱情的姿态是老式的。这有什么大惊小怪？把爱情当一杯酒喝算了.他们说："这书只是表示一个十四岁的男孩的心情罢了。"但是，也许一个对性爱还有点自然的敬畏与适当的惧伯的十四岁的男孩的心情，比之拿爱情当酒喝的青年们的心情还要健全呢"这些青年，只知目空一切，他们的精神无所事事，只知玩着生活的玩具，尤其是性爱的玩具，而在这种游戏中，便失掉了他们的精神！" + + 因此，在这般卫道的老顽固们中间(他们上了年纪后。大概也要犯强奸罪的)，在这般摩登青年中间，他们说："我们什么都可以干，如果我们能思想某事便可干某事。"所以，在这般心地肮脏，追逐肮脏东西的下流野蛮的人们中间，这本书是没有什么活动余地的，但是我要对所有这般人说："困守着你们的腐败吧——如果你们喜欢这种腐败；固守着你们的卫道主义的腐败吧，固守你们时髦的放荡曲腐败吧，固守着你们的肮脏心地的腐败吧，至于我，我是忠于我的书和我的态度的：如果精神与肉体不能谐和，如果他们没有自然的平衡和自然的相互的尊敬，生命是难堪的。" + + 一九二九年四月，劳伦斯序于巴黎 + + + + 译者序 + + 在一九二八——二九年两年间，欧美文坛上最令人震惊、最引起争执的书，大概莫过于劳伦斯(d．h．lawrence)的这本《查太莱夫人的情人》了。跟着，一九三零年劳伦斯逝世。盖冠论定，世界文坛又为这本书热闹了一番。在现世纪的小说家中，决没有一个象劳伦斯一样，受过世人这样残酷地辱骂的；而同时，在英国现代作家中，要找到一个象劳伦斯一样的，受着精英的青年知识阶级所极端崇拜的人，却是罕见的，劳伦斯的这本书，把虚伪的卫道者们弄癫了，他把腐败的近代文明的狰狞面孔，太不容情地暴露了。但是，劳伦斯却在这些"狗人穷巷"的卫道者们的癫狂反攻之下，在这种近代文明的凶险的排击之下，成为无辜的牺牲者：他的天才的寿命，给排山倒海的嘲讽和诽谤所结束了。现在，正如劳伦劳动保护夫人说，《查太莱夫人的情人》的作者，是象一只小鸟似的，被埋葬在中海的灿烂的阳光之下的一个寂寞的坟墓里了。但是，这本文艺杰构，却在敌人的仇恨的但是无可奈何的沉默态度之下，继续吐露光芒，它不但在近代文艺界放了一线熔人的光彩，而且在近乎黑暗的生活下，燃起了一盏光亮的明灯。 + + 关于这本书的文艺评价，现在一般有力的批评家们都认为是一代杰作了。但是，我们不但是爱劳伦斯的一枝秃笔下的灿烂的艺术，我们尤其爱他为畸形的人类生活而发的爽快而沉痛复杂的性爱问题.到现在为止，也仍然是一种神话时代般的神秘。劳伦斯自己说过："过去三千年，只是一个错觉，只是一场理想境域中的，在肉体的得救或沉沦的境域中的悲剧的远足旅行。"这种悲剧的旅行到什么时候为止？很难说。过去既是这样的渺茫，将来也不见得蓦然地便有确切的把握。我们的前面，正等待着一个小小的证实。但是，在这种苦闷中，劳伦斯却给我们指示了一条不含糊，不夸张的路线。 + + 劳伦斯眼见他周围的人类社会的虚伪、愚昧、腐化，他不禁狂呼道："我们是正向着毁灭的途上走去了！"他这本书便是在他的这种心境中写出来的。他以为一个人，不一定要求幸福，不必要求伟大，但求知道"生活"，而做个真正的人。要做真正的人，要过真正的生活便要使生命澎湃般的激动。这种激动是从接触(contact)中，从合一(togeaherness)中产生出来的，现代的人大愚昧了，他们对于生命中最深的需要都忽略了。他们过着一种新野蛮时代的生活，机械的生活，他们不知道真正的人的生活是怎么回事。道德，习惯，社会制度。……束缚着人性的自然发展。我们要脱离所有过去的种种愚民的禁忌(taboos)，从我们人身所最需要，最深刻地需要的起点，用伟大的温情的接触，去产生新道德，新社会，新生命。劳伦斯的这种理想，在这《查太莱夫人的情人》一书中，是发挥无遗的。 + + 我们的教化，我们的文明，却使人们陷在一种机械化的黑暗中，生命的本身，引不起我们的兴趣；我们的领导者，政客，教授，实业家们……在机械的空洞的轧轻声中，"一二三"、"一二三、昏馈下去，日见习惯于做金钱的奴隶。我们象死了似地毫无知觉，或象癫狂了似的毫无忌惮，胡作非为。我们现在所急需的，是要使我们的身体与精神互相正视，互相安宁。我们现在所急需的是生活，生活，生活！我们在黑暗中过够了。唯有趔的、温情的、合一的、接触的、勇敢的生活，能引导我们到一个光明的将来，至少在这一点上，这本书中介绍到我们的蒙昧的中国社会上来，介绍到我们未有生活而正在寻求生活的中国人群里来，是很有意义的。不过，假如我们不能了解劳伦斯的中心思想，那么这本书至少也不过是在许多文艺杰构之中，多添了一本文艺杰构而已。 + + 这本书里面的诚实而直率的性爱的描写，自然不会讨好世俗的恶劣成见的。但是假如我们用一种纯洁的心去读这本书的时候，我们便要发觉那些骚动不安的场面的背后，是蕴蓄着无限的贞洁的理想的。这本书的贞洁的灵魂，要用贞洁的心去发现的。满腹淫污思想的卫道家们，和放荡纵欲的摩登男女们，最好不要光顾这本书。因为他们这般人的心是腐败的,难以言语形容的，他们是专门断章取义地寻觅一些足以让他们的幻想的秽欲的东西，在满足得到了之后，便摆起一副臭脸孔来肆意摔击，或加以嘲笑的！ + + 这本书的翻译，是前年在归国途中开始的。后来继续翻译了大部分，便因私事和某种理由搁置了。最近偶阅上海出版的某半月刊，连续登载某君的本书译文，便赶快从该刊第一期起购来阅读。不读犹可，读了不觉令人气短！原来该刊所登的译文，竟没有一页没有错的(有好多页竟差不多没有一段没有错的！)而且错得令人啼笑皆非。不待言，许多难译的地方，该译者连下笔都不敢，便只好漏译了，把一本名著这样胡乱翻译，不单对不住读者，也太对不住作者了。因此使我生了把旧稿整理出来出版的念头。在人事晃惚中，花了数月的功夫，终于将旧稿整理就绪，把未完的部分译完了。这是本书出版的一个直接的动机。 + + 印完后重读一遍，觉得自己的译文并无可吹的地方；不过在力求忠实于原文的一点上，倒觉尽了力量。但是在校对方面，有几处的标点排错了，有好几个字印错了，都未能及时改正，这是心里大觉不快的事。 + + 本书系根据未经删节过的法国印行的大众版本(英文本)翻译的，兼以rogercornaz氏的法文译本做参考。cornaz氏是劳伦斯指定的法文翻译者，他的译文是可靠而且非常优美的。有许多原文晦涩的地方，都是靠这本法译本的帮助解决的。 + + 劳伦斯为了给这书以一种特殊的地方风采，里面有不少的谈话是用derbyshire的土话写的，中译无法用任何一省一地的方言去代替，所以只好一体译成国语。在这一点上，原文的生动处是未免受了点影响的了，这是无可奈何的。 + + 一九三六年七月，饶述一序于北京 + + + + 读劳伦斯的小说《查太莱夫人的情人》—郁达夫 + + 劳伦斯的小说《查太莱夫人的情人》(ladychatterelys lover)，批评家们大家都无异议地承认它是一代的杰作。在劳伦斯的晚年，大约是因为有了闲而有了点病前的脾气的结果罢，他把这小说稿，清书重录成了三份之多。这一样的一部小说的三份稿本，实质上是很有些互相差异的，头一次出版的本是由他自己计划的私印出版；其后因为找不到一个大胆的出版者为他发行，他就答应法国的一家书铺来印再版，定价是每本要六十个法郎，这是在数年以前，离他的死期不久的时候。其后他将这三本稿子的版权全让给了friedalawrence。她曾在英国本国，将干犯官宪的忌讳，为检查官所通不过的部分削去，出了一本改版的廉价本。一九三三年，在巴黎的leseditionsdupegase出的廉价版，系和英国本不同的不经删削的全版，头上是有一篇friedalawronce的公开信附在那里的。 + + 先说明了这版本的起伏显没以后，然后再让我来谈谈这书的内容和劳伦斯的技巧等等。 + + 书中所叙的，仍旧是英国中部偏北的derby炭矿区中的故事，不过这书与他的许多作品不同，女主人公是一位属于将就没落的资产贵族阶级的男爵夫人。 + + 克利福特·查太莱是查太莱男爵的次子，系英国中部terershall矿区的封建大地主，离矿区不远的山上的富圃wragbyhall就是克利福特家历代的居室，当然是先由农民的血汗，后由矿区劳动者的血肉所造成的啊房宫。 + + 查太莱家的长子战死了，克列福特虽有一位弟兄，但她却在克列福特结婚的前后作了故。此外，查太莱家就没有什么近亲了…… + + 查太莱夫人，名叫康司丹斯(constance)，是有名的皇家艺术学会会员，司考得兰绅士(sirmalcelmreid)之次女。母亲是费边协会的会员，所以康司丹斯和她的姊姊希儿黛hilda从小就受的是很自由的教育。她们姊妹俩，幼时曾到过巴黎、弗罗伦斯、罗马等自由之都。当一九一三年的前后，希儿黛二十岁，康司丹斯十八岁的光景的时候，两人在德国念书，各人曾很自由地和男同学们谈过恋爱，发生过关系，一九一七年克列福特·查太莱从前线回来，请假一月，他就和康司丹斯认识，匆匆地结了婚。一月以后，假期满了，他只能又去上了弗兰大斯的阵线。三个月后，他终被炮弹所伤，变成了一堆碎片被送回来了。这时候康司丹斯(爱称康妮connie)正当二十三岁的青春。在病院里住了两年，他总算痊愈了，但是自腰部以下，终于是完全失去了效用。一九二零年，他和康妮回到了查太莱世代的老家，他的父亲死了，所以他成了克列福特男爵，而康妮也成了查太莱男爵夫人。 + + 此后两人所过的生活，就是死气沉沉的传统的贵族社会的生活了。男爵克列福特，是一个只有上半身(头脑)，而没有下半身的废人。活泼强壮的查太莱夫人，是一个守着活寡的随身看护妇。从早起一直到晚上，他们俩所过的都是刻版的不自由的英国贵族生活。而英国贵族所特有的那一中利己、虚伪、傲慢、顽固的性格，又特别浓厚地集中在克列福特的身上，什么花呀、月呀、精神呀、修养呀、统治阶级的特权呀等废话空想，来得又多又杂，实际上他却只是一位毫不中用，虚有其名的男爵。 + + 在这中间，这一位有阑男爵，而不必活动的行尸，曾开始玩弄了文墨。他所发表的有许多空疏矫造的文字，也曾博得了一点社会上的虚名。同时有一位以戏剧成名的爱尔兰的青年密克立斯michaelis(爱称mick)于声名大噪之后，终因出身爱尔兰人的结果，受了守旧的英国上流社会的排挤，陷于了孤独之境。克列福特一半是好意，一半也想利用密克而成名，招他到了他的家里。本来是一腔热情，无处寄托，而变成孤傲的密克，和查太莱夫人一见，就成了知已，通了款曲。但查太莱夫人，在他的身上觉得还不能够尽意的享乐，于是两个人中间的情交，就又淡薄了下去。密克去伦敦以后，在wragbhall里的生活，又回复了故态，身强国力盛的查太莱夫人，又成了一位有名无实的守活寡的贵族美妇人。这中间她对于喜欢高谈阔论，自命不见的贵族社会，久已生了嫌恶之心了。因厌而生倦，因倦而成病，她的健康忽面损坏到了消瘦的地步。 + + 不久以后，克列福特的园圃之内，却雇来了一位自就近的矿区工人阶级出身，因婚姻失败而曾去印度当过几年兵的管园猎夫mellors。小说中的男主人公从此上场了！这一位工人出身的梅洛斯就是查太莱夫人的情人！ + + 原书共十九章，自第五章以下，叙的就是查太莱夫人和情人梅洛斯两人间的性生活，以及书中各人的微妙的心理纠葛。 + + 梅洛斯的婚姻的失败，就因为他对于女人，对于性，有特异的见解和特别的要求的缘故。久渴于男性的爱，只在戏剧家密克身上尝了一点异味而又同出去散了一次步仍复回到了家来一样的康妮，遇见了梅洛斯的瘦长精悍的身体以后，就觉得人生的目的，男女间的性的极致，尽在于此了。说什么地位，说什么富贵，人生的结果，还不是一个空，一个虚无！命运是不可抗，也不能改造的。 + + 在这一种情形之下，残废的查太莱，由他一个人在称孤道寡，让雇来的一位看护妇mrs．bolton寡妇去伺候厮伴，她——查太莱夫人自己便得空就走，成日地私私的来到园中，和梅洛斯来过原始的彻底的性生活。 + + 但是很满足的几次性交之后，所不能避免的孕育问题，必然地要继续着发生的。在这里，查太莱夫人却想起了克列福特的有一次和她的谈话。他说："若你去和别人生一个孩子，只教不破坏象现在那么的夫妇生活，而能使查太莱家有一个后嗣，以传宗而接代，保持我们一家的历史，倒也很好。"她想起了这一段话的时候，恰巧她的父亲和她已出嫁的姊姊希儿黛在约她上南欧威尼斯去过一个夏。于是她就决定别开了了克列福特，跟她父亲婶婶上威尼斯去。因为她想，在这异国的水乡，她或者可以找出一个所以得怀孕的理由。而克列福特，或者会因这使她怀孕者是一个不相识的异乡人之故而把这事情轻轻地看过。 + + 但是巴黎的醉舞，威尼斯的阳光，与密克的再会，以及和旧友理想主义者的福勃斯相处，都不能使她发生一点点兴趣；这中间，胎内的变化，却一天天的显著起来了，最后她就到达了一个不得不决定去向的人生的歧路。 + + 而最不幸的，是当她不在的中间，在爱人梅洛斯的管园草舍里，又出了一件大事。就是梅洛斯未正式离婚的前妻坷资berthacoutts又突然回来了。这一位同母牛一样的泼妇，在出去同别的男人同住了几年之后，又回到了梅洛斯的草舍，宣布了他和查太莱夫人的秘密，造了许多梅洛斯的变态性欲的谣盲，硬要来和梅洛斯同居，向他和他的老母勒索些金钱。 + + 梅洛斯迫不得已，就只好向克列福持辞了职，一个人又回到了伦敦。刚在自威尼斯回来的路上的查太莱夫人康妮，便私下和梅洛斯约好了上伦敦旅馆中去相会。肉与肉一行接触，她也就坚决地立定了主意，去信要求和克列福特离婚，预备和梅洛斯两人去过他们的充实的生活。 + + 这一篇有血有肉的小说三百余页，是以在乡间作工，等满了六个月，到了来年春夏，取得了和珂资berthacoutts的离婚证后，再来和康妮同居的梅洛斯的一封长信作结束。"一口气读完，略嫌太短了些！"是我当时读后的一种茫然的感想。 + + 这书的特点，是在写英国贵族社会的空疏、守旧、无为而又假冒高尚，使人不得不对这特权阶级发生厌恶之情，他的写工人阶级，写有生命力的中流妇人，处处满持着同情，处处露出了卓见。本来是以极端写实著名的劳伦斯，在这一本书里，更把他的技巧用尽了，描写性交的场面，一层深似一层，一次细过一次，非但动作对话，写得无微不至，而且在极粗的地方，恰恰和极细的心里描写，能够连接得起来。尤其要使人佩服的，是他用字句的巧妙。所有的俗宇，所有的男女人身上各部分的名词，他都写了进去，但能使读者不觉得猥亵，不感到他是在故意挑拨劣情。我们试把中国《金瓶梅》拿出来和他一比，马上就可以看到两国作家的时代的不同，和技巧的高下。《金瓶梅》里的有些场面和字句，是重复的，牵强的，省去了也不关宏旨的；而在《查太莱夫人的情人》里，却觉得工句一行也移动不得。他所写的一场场的性交，都觉得是自然得很。 + + 还有一层，劳伦斯的小说，关于人的动作和心理，原是写得十分周密的，但同时他对于社会环境与自然背景，也一步都不放肯松。所以读他的小说，每有看色彩鲜艳刻划明晰的雕刻之感。 + + 其次要讲到劳伦斯的思想了，我觉得他始终还是一个积极厌世的虚无主义者，这色彩原在他的无论哪一部小说里，都可以看得出来。但在《查太莱夫人的情人》里，表现得尤其深刻。 + + 现代人的炽热中于金钱，money！money！到处都是为了money的争斗、倾轧，原是悲剧中之尤可悲者，但是将来呢？将来却也窗莫能测！空虚，空虚，人生万事，原不过是一个空虚！唯其是如此，所以大家在拼命的寻欢作乐，满足官能，而最有把握的实际，还是男女间的性的交流！ + + 在小说的开卷第一节里，他就说： + + "我们所处的，根本是一个悲剧的时代，可是我们却不想绝望地来顺受这个悲剧。悲惨的结局，已经出现了，我们是在废墟之中了，我们却在开始经营着新的小小的建设，来抱着一点新的小小的希望。这原是艰难的工作，对于将来，哪里还有一条乎直的大道；但是我们却在迂回地前进，或在障碍物上钢曰。不管它地折与天倾，我们可不得不勉图着生存。" + + 这就是他对于现代的人吃人的社会的观察。若要勉强地寻出一点他的乐观来的话，那只能拿他在这书的最后写在那封长信之前的两句话来解嘲了： + + "他们只能等着，等明年春天的到来，等小孩的出养，等初夏的一周复始的时候。 + + 劳伦斯的小说的结构，向来是很松懈的，所以美国的一位批评家约翰麦西johnmacy说："劳伦斯的小说，无论从哪一段，就是颠倒从后面谈起都可以的。"但这一本《查太莱夫人的情人》却不然，它的结构倒是前后呼应着的，很有层次，也很严整。 + + 这一位美国的批评家，同时还说他的作风有点象维多利亚朝的哈代thomashardy与梅莱狄斯geogemeredith，这大约是指他的那一种宿命观和写的细致而说的，实际上我以为稍旧一点的福斯脱e．m．forster及现在正在盛行的乔也斯jamesjoyce与赫胥黎aldoushuxley和劳伦斯，怕要成为对二十世纪的英国小说界影响最大的四位大金刚。 + + + + 谈劳伦斯—林语堂 + + 朱柳两位老人正在暗淡的灯下闲谈，因为此时虽是民国三十五年；苏州城外大半住户还未有电灯。在二十八年曾经因为沪宁公路通行，苏州的马路上屡次发现汽车的踪迹，后经吴门人士一体反对，报上也曾有过一次剧烈的辩论，才把汽车禁绝了。柳先生饭后无事，过来找朱先生攀谈，在这暗淡的灯光之下，看得最清楚的就是朱先生一支旱烟，下垂着-个烟袋，一卷烟云缭绕而上。 + + "早晨在我的箱筐里翻出一部旧稿。"朱先生指红木桌上的一部黄纸的书稿说："看来倒还有趣，但这是不预备发表的。" + + "怎么不发表？" + + "一则还有末段两章未译，一段译得不甚满意。起初我也想发表，拿给一家旧书局看，书局不要。过了半年，书局忽然来信要了，我迟疑不决起来，主张不发表。我想一本书如同和人说话一样，也得可与言而与之言，才不致于失言：劳伦斯的话是对成年人讲的，它不大容易懂，给末成熟的社会读了反而不得其旨……。" + + "报上也常听见劳伦斯名字，大概说他诲淫罢了。" + + "自然，日报上哪里有什么别的东西可谈；就是谈，人家也不懂。现代孤芳自赏的作者，除非不做书，或做过时的书，就得被人拖到十字街头示众，顶好还是可以利用做香水肥皂的广告。这是德莫克拉西的恩赐。大家都识字了，日报逢迎读者，读者就是大众。唯一的读物，日报管住日报，除了奸淫杀掠以外，还有什么可谈呢？只有卖便药式的文章及广告，才能把得住读者。你告诉读者科学的理论，他们要听吗？现在的作社论，专宗教，讲文学，都是取法于卖便药的广告。文人，教士，政治，都跟江湖卖膏药的庸医差不多。文字以耸人观听为主，你说这便药是椰粉加香料做的，吃了病也好，不吃病也好，还有人肯买你的药吗？我颇不愿使劳伦斯沦为走江湖卖膏药的文学，所以也不愿发表了。" + + "那么，劳伦斯与中国的金瓶梅何别呢？" + + "其间只有毫发之差罢了。庸医，良医不都戴眼镜，都会按脉，都会打针吗？我不是要贬低金瓶梅，金瓶梅有大胆，有技巧，但与劳伦斯不同——我自然是在讲他的《查太莱夫人的情人》。劳伦斯也有大胆，也有技巧，但是不同的技巧。金瓶梅是客观的写法，劳伦斯是主观的写法。金瓶梅以淫为淫，劳伦斯不是以淫为淫。这逐字别有所解，用来总不大合适。你也许不相信，劳伦斯是提倡肾囊的健康，介是结果肾囊二字，在他用来不觉为耻。不觉为耻，故亦无耻可盲。你也许不相信，金瓶梅描写性交只当性交，劳伦斯描写性交却是另一回事，把人的心灵全解剖了。在于他灵与肉复合为一。劳伦斯可说是一返俗高僧、吃鸡和尚吧。固有此不同，故他全书的结构就以这一点意义为主，而性交之描写遂成为全书艺术之中点，虽然没有象金瓶梅一普遍，只有五六处，但是前后脉络都贯串包括其中，因此而饱含意义。而且写来比金瓶梅细腻透澈，金瓶梅所体会不到的，他都体会到了。在于劳伦斯，性交是含蓄一种主义的，这是劳伦斯与金瓶梅之不同。" + + "这怎么讲法？" + + "你不看见，当查太莱夫人裸体给梅乐斯簪花于下身之时，他们正在谈人生、骂英人吗？劳伦斯此书是骂英人，骂工业社会，骂机器文明，骂黄金主义，骂理智的，他要人归返于自然的、艺术的、情感的生活。劳伦斯此书是看见欧战以后人类颓唐失了生气，所以发愤而作的。" + + "现代英人也失了生气了吗？" + + "在我看来倒不，但在劳氏看来不是如此。若使人们奄奄待毙的中国人给劳氏看来，那简直无话可以形容了。我想，他非用北井最下流的恶骂来骂，不够出气。你要明白他的全书旨意，须看准他所深恶痛绝的对象。他骂英国人没情感，男人无睾丸，女人无臂部，就是这个意思，梅乐斯表示轻鄙查太莱爵士一辈人时，查太莱夫人问：他一辈人怎样？你比我知道的清楚。那种女子式小白脸的青车，没有有蛋。什么蛋？蛋！男人的蛋！她沉思这句话的意义。但是问题是不是在这点？一个呆笨，你说他没有头脑，一人促狭，你说他没有心肠，一人懦快，你说他没有肝胆，一人若没有一点大丈夫气，你说他没有睾丸，这人就靡靡不振了。 + + 朱先生翻起他的旧稿说："我念一段给你听听，工业制度社会主义规矩，小白脸的无人气，都骂在里头，你明白他对战后英人的愤慨，你就难怪他所以不借用极粗鄙淫狠的话骂他们的理由。这是一种反抗，不这样骂不出气的。梅乐斯说： + + 他们一辈是最卑的鄙贱流，上校常对我说：老梅，英国的中等阶级一口饭就得嚼三十次，因为他们的胆肠太窄了，一粒小豆般的东西就可以塞得肠胃不通。天地间就没有看过这样小姐式的鸟，又自豪，又胆小，连鞋带结得不合式都伯人家见笑，又象陈老的野味一般的霉腐，而又自以为尽合圣道。所以我吃不消，再不振作了。叩头，叩头，舔屁股舔到舌头也厚起来了，然而他们还是自以为尽合圣道。而且都是一班乡愿小人。就是乡愿的小人！一代小姐式的乡愿小人，一人只有半只睾丸。康妮(查太莱夫人)笑了。雨还淋淋不住。他一定痛恨他们。不，他说，他不管了，只讨厌他们。这有不同。因为，他说，连丘八近来也跟他们一样拘泥小气，睾丸一样不全，肚肠一样窄小。这是人类注定了要走的命运。连平民，连工人，也这样吗？全伙都这样。他们的人气都完了。汽车、电影、飞机把他们遗留的一点人气都吸完了，你听我说，一代不如一代了，越来越象兔子，橡皮管做的肝肠，马口铁的脚腿，马口铁的面孔。马口铁的人！这是一种鲍罗希微主义慢慢把人味儿戕贼了，代以崇拜机器味儿。金钱，金钱。金钱！一切现代以只把人情人道贼害创伤当作玩乐，把老亚当老夏娃剁成肉胎。大家都一样的，世界都一样的；把活活的一个人闷死了。割掉一张茎皮一金镑，割掉两只睾丸两金镑，阴户还不是机器的肉吗！——大家都一样的。叫他们替我们割掉阳物。给他们钱，钱，钱。叫他们把人类的阳气都消灭了，而只留下一些孤弱无能的机器。" + + 这书前后就是这样一个脉络贯串着，时时暴发出来为漫骂淫鄙而同时又优美的文字。劳氏的文字之美是不必说的，所以他全书结构，写一战后阳萎而断了两腿的男爵，要一健全的中等阶级女子做夫人，及夫人求健全的性爱于代表作者主义的园丁梅乐斯。所以他引henryjamts的话，处处骂他们的金钱，崇拜，为崇拜狗母(bitch-goddess)①——狗母就是金钱的富有及商业的成功。查太莱夫人康妮看见她的丈夫管工厂，着发财迷，就恐慌起来。所以他想到将来的英国，想到自己为这样的人类怀孕传种，就不敢想下去了。所以梅乐斯说，我要把机器全部消灭，不使存在于世上，而把这工业时代收场的干干净净，象一恶梦。但是我既然没有这本事，所以只好沉默下去，自顾自地生活。劳伦斯意思是要归真返璞，回到健全的、本性的、感情的生活。" + + "我明白了，"柳先生说，"那么，他描写性交也就是带这种玄学的意义？" + + "是的，性交就是健全本能的动作之一，他最痛恨的就是理智、心灵而没有肉体。在这点上，他和赫胥黎(aldous huxley)诸人一样，讥笑不迫害人情的机器文明，也和孔孟一样，主张道不远人，人以为道而远人，不可以为道。劳伦斯有多少东方思想的色彩。在书的前部，有一段记述几人的间使，说未来世界女人生产也不要了恋爱也不要了。但是扁纳夫人却说；我想，如果恋爱也没有了，总有别的东西来代替。或者用吗啡，空气中都散布一点吗啡。……政府每星期六散布一点吗啡于空中。捷克说。……我们身体都不要了。又一人说，你想我们大家都化成烟。岂不好吗？康妮讥笑地说。所以康妮在以下一段就心里想着说；"给我内感的德摸克拉西，给我肉身的复活。因此你也可以明白他描写性交的意义了。" + + 柳先生说："但是你所谓他全书的命脉，文字最具特色的性交描写与金瓶梅是怎样的不同？" + + "是的，我们是不健全的，象一人冬天在游泳池旁遥巡不敢下水，只佩服劳伦斯下水的勇气而已。这样一逡巡，已经不大心地光明。裸体是不淫的，但是待要脱衣又不脱衣的姿态是淫的。我们可借助劳伦斯的勇气，一跃下水。" + + "劳伦斯有此玄学的意味，写来自然不同。他描写妇人怀孕，描写性交的感觉，是同样带玄学色彩。是同大地回春，阴阳交泰，花放蕊。兽交尾一样的。而且同西人小说在别方面的描写一样，是主观，用心灵解剖的方法。我的译稿是不好的，不及他的文字之万一。姑就一段念绘你听吧： + + 他已露了他身体的前部，而当他凑上时，她觉得他赤身的肉。有一时，他在她身中不动，坚硬而微颤，到了他在无可如何之发作中开始振动时，她的身中发觉一种异昧的快感在摇摇曳曳地被动。 + + 摇摇曳曳的，如鸿毛一般温柔的火焰腾跃、翻播，时而射出明焰，美妙，美妙，溶化了她全已溶化的内部。象钟声的摇播浮动，愈增宏亮。她躺着，不觉她最后、最细小的浪声……她的子宫的全部温润开放，象潮水中的海葵，温柔地祈求着他再进来，为她完结，也热烈地保住它，而它不全然脱出，而她觉得他的细蕊在她身中活动起来，而神异的节奏在神异的波浪中浮运充溢她的体内。起伏膨胀直到充满她缠绵的感觉，然而开始那不可形容的动作，其实不是真正动作，只是一种感觉的清澈无底的漩涡，旋转直下，深入她一切的肉质及感觉，直到她变成一团旋流不断的热情，而她躺着发出不觉的鸣咽不明的呼声…… + + 这种文字可谓淫词了，但是我已说过淫词别有意义，用在劳伦斯总觉不大相宜。这其间有不同，只在毫发之差，性交在于劳伦斯是健的，美妙的，不是罪恶，无可羞惭，是成年人人人所常举行的，羞耻才是罪恶。所以他在书后有一段说：诗人及一切的人都在说谎！他们叫我们相信我所要的是情感。我们最需要的是这锐敏的、溶化的、相当可怕的肉欲。只要有一人敢这样做，不要差耻，不要忏恶，不要后悔！假如他过后羞惭，而叫我们也羞惭，那岂不淫秽 + + 朱先生放下他的译稿，看见柳先生脸上又回到清净的神态，露出妙悟的笑容。柳先生此时似乎明白了，也觉得可以听下去而不觉得羞惭，反而以霎晨前羞惭之心为淫邪。 + + "劳伦斯真妗读啊！"柳先生吸一口烟慨叹地说。 + + 朱先生起立，推开窗口，放人一庭的月交与疏影，墙外闻见卖夜市者的叫卖声。 + + ①编者注：bitn-goddess意为发财、致富、金钱等意。此词出威廉．詹姆斯给作家威尔斯的信："到以上的优柔寡断，源于对财富的唯一追求。"此处译为"狗母，"正文内原译为"女神狗。"为使读者明白，编者将正文内此词一律改为"财神"。 + + + + 第一章 + + 我们根本就生活在一个悲剧的时代，因此我们不愿惊惶自忧。大灾难已经来临，我们处于废墟之中，我们开始建立一些新的小小的栖息地，怀抱一些新的微小的希望。这是一种颇为艰难的工作。现在没有一条通向未来的康庄大道，但是我们却迂回前进，或攀援障碍而过。不管天翻地覆，我们都得生活。 + + 这大概就是康士丹斯·查太莱夫人的处境了。她曾亲尝世界大战的灾难，因此她了解了一个人必要生活，必要求知。 + + 她在一九一七年大战中和克利福·查太莱结婚，那时他请了一个月的假回到英国来。他们度了一个月的蜜月后，克利福回到佛兰大斯前线去。六个月后，他一身破碎地被运返英国来，那时康士丹斯二十三岁，他是二十九岁。 + + 他有一种惊奇的生命力。他并没有死。他的一身破碎似乎愈合了。医生把他医治了两年了，结果仅以身免。可是腰部以下的半身，从此永久成了疯瘫。 + + 一九二零年，克利福和康士丹斯回到他的世代老家勒格贝去。他的父亲已死了；克利福承袭了爵位，他是克利福男爵，康士丹斯便是查太莱男爵夫人了。他们来到这有点零丁的查太莱老家里，开始共同的生活，收入是不太充裕的。克利福除了一个不在一起住的姊妹外，并没有其他的近亲，他的长兄在大战中阵亡了。克利福明知自己半身残疾，生育的希望是绝灭了，因此回到烟雾沉沉的米德兰家里来，尽人事地使查泰莱家的烟火维持下去。 + + 他实在并不颓丧。他可以坐在一轮椅里，来去优游。他还有一个装了发动机的自动椅，这一来，他可以自己驾驶着，慢慢地绕过花园而到那美丽的凄清的大林园里去；他对于这个大林园，虽然表示得满不在乎的样子，其实他是非常得意的。 + + 他曾饱经苦难，致他受苦的能力都有点穷乏了。可是他却依然这样奇特、活泼、愉快，红润的健康的脸容，挑拨人的闪光的灰蓝眼睛，他简直可说是个乐天安命的人。他有宽大强壮的肩膊，两只有力的手。他穿的是华贵的衣服，结的是帮德街买来的讲究的领带。可是他的脸上却仍然表示着一个残废者的呆视的状态和有点空虚的样子。 + + 他因为曾离死只间一发，所以这剩下的生命，于他是十分可贵的。他的不安地闪着光的眼睛，流露着死里生还的非常得意的神情，但是他受的伤是太重了，他里面的什么东西已经死灭了，某种感情已经没有了，剩下的只是个无知觉的空洞。 + + 康士丹斯是个健康的村姑样儿的女子，软软的褐色的头发，强壮的身体，迟缓的举止，但是富有非常的精力。她有两只好奇的大眼睛。温软的声音，好象是个初出乡庐的人，其实不然。她的父亲麦尔·勒德爵士，是个曾经享有鼎鼎大名的皇家艺术学会的会员。母亲是个有教养的费边社社员。在艺术家与社会主义者的渲染中，康士丹斯和她的姐妹希尔达，受了一种可以称为美育地非传统的教养。她们到过巴黎、罗马、佛罗伦斯呼吸艺术的空气，她们也到过海牙、柏林去参加社会主义者的大会，在这些大会里，演说的人用着所有的文明语言，毫无羞愧。 + + 这样，这姐妹俩从小就尽情地生活在美术和政治的氛围中，她们已习惯了。她们一方面是世界的，一方面又是乡土的。她们这种世界而又乡土的美术主义，是和纯洁的社会理想相吻合的。 + + 她们十五岁的时候，到德国德累斯顿学习音乐。她们在那里过的是快活的日子。她们无拘无束地生活在学生中间，她们和男子们争论着哲学、社会学和艺术上的种种问题。她们的学识并不下于男子；因为是女子，所以更胜于他们了。强壮的青年男子们，带着六弦琴和她们到林中漫游。她们歌唱着，歌喉动人的青年们，在旷野间，在清晨的林中奔窜，自由地为所欲为，尤其是自由地谈所欲谈。最要紧的还是谈话，热情的谈话，爱情不过是件小小的陪衬品。 + + 希尔达和康士丹斯姐妹俩，都曾在十八岁的时候初试爱情。那些热情地和她们交谈，欢快地和她们歌唱，自由自在地和她们在林中野宿的男子们，不用说都欲望勃勃地想更进一步。她们起初是踌躇着；但是爱情这问题已经有过许多的讨论，而且被认为是最重要的东西了，况且男子们又是这样低声下气地央求。为什么一个少女不能以身相就，象一个王后似的赐予恩惠呢？ + + 于是她们都赐身与平素最微妙、最亲密在一起讨论的男子了。辩论是重要的事情，恋爱和性交不过是一种原始的本能；一种反应，事后，她们对于对手的爱情冷淡了，而且有点憎很他们的倾向，仿佛他们侵犯了她们的秘密和自由似的。因为一个少女的尊严，和她的生存意义，全在获得绝对的、完全的、纯粹的、高尚的自由。要不是摆脱了从前的污秽的两性关系和可耻的主奴状态，一个少女的生命还有什么意义。 + + 无论人怎样感情用事，性爱总是各种最古老、最污秽的结合和从属状态之一。歌颂性爱的诗人们大都是男子。女子们一向就知道有更好更高尚的东西。现在她们知之更准确了。一个人的美丽纯洁的自由，是比任何性爱都可爱的。不过男子对于这点的看法太落后了，他们象狗似的坚持性的满足。 + + 可是女人不得不退让，男于是象孩子般的嘴馋的，他要什么女人便得会什么，否则他便孩子似的讨厌起来，暴躁起来把好事弄糟。但是一个女人可以顺从男子，而不恨让她内在的、自由的自我。那些高谈性爱的诗人和其他的人好象不大注意到这点。一个女人是可以有个男子，而不真正委身让他支配的。反之，她可以利用这性爱去支配他。在性交的时候，她自己忍持着，让男子尽先尽情地发泄完了，然而她便可以把性交延长，而把他当作工具去满足她自己的性欲。 + + 当大战爆发，她们急忙回家的时候，姐妹俩都有了爱情的经验了。她们所以恋爱，全是因为对手是可以亲切地、热烈地谈心的男子。和真正聪明的青年男子，一点钟又一点钟地，一天又一天地，热情地谈话，这种惊人的、深刻的、意想不到的美妙，是她们在经验以前所不知道的，天国的诺言："您将有可以谈心的男子。"还没有吐露，而这奇妙的诺言却在她们明白其意义之前实现了。 + + 在这些生动的、毫无隐讳的、亲密的谈心过后，性行为成为不可避免的了，那只好忍受。那象是一章的结尾，它本身也是令人情热的；那是肉体深处的一种奇特的、美妙的震颤，最后是一种自我决定的痉挛。宛如最后-个奋激的字，和一段文字后一行表示题意中断的小点子一样。 + + 一九一三年暑假她们回家的时候，那时希尔达二十岁，康妮①十八岁，她们的父亲便看出这婉妹俩已有了爱的经验了。 + + ①康妮，康士丹斯的呢称。 + + 好象谁说的："爱情已在那儿经历过了。"但是他自已是个过来人，所以他听其自然。至于她们的母亲呢，那时她患着神经上的疯疾，离死不过几月了，她但愿她的女儿们能够"自由"，能够"成就"。但是她自己从没有成就过什么，她简直不能。上代知道那是什么缘故，因为她是个不上进和意志坚强的人。她埋怨她的丈夫。其实只是因为她不能摆脱心灵上的某种强有力的压制罢了。那和麦尔肯爵士是无关的，他不理她的埋怨和仇视，他们各行其事。所以妹妹俩是"自由"的。她们回到德累斯顿，重度往日学习音乐，在大学听讲，与年青男子们交际的生活。她们各自恋着她们的男子，她们的男子也热恋着她们。所有青年男子所能想，所能说所能写的美妙的东西，他们都为这两个少妇而想、而说、而写。康妮的情人是爱音乐的，希尔达的情人是技术家。至少在精神方面，他们全为这两个少妇生活着。另外的什么方面，他们是被人厌恶的；但是他们自己并不知道。 + + 很明显；爱情——肉体的爱——已在他们身上经过了。肉体的爱，使男子身体发生奇异的、微妙的、显然的变化。女子是更艳丽了，更微妙地圆满了，少女时代的粗糙处全消失了，脸上露出渴望的或胜利的情态。男子是更沉静了，更深刻了，即肩膊和臀部也不象从前硬直了。 + + 这姊妹俩在性的快感中，几乎在男性的奇异的权力下面屈服了。但是很快她们便自拨了，把性的快感看作一种感觉，而保持了她们的自由。至于她们的情人呢，因为感激她们所赐与的性的满足，便把灵魂交给她们。但是不久，他们又有点觉得得不偿失了。康妮的男子开始有点负气的样子，希尔达的对手也渐渐态度轻蔑起来。但是男子们就是这样的；忘恩负义而永不满足！你要他们的时候，他们憎恨你，因为你要他们。你不睬他们的时候，他们还是憎恨你，因为没别的什么理由。或者毫无理由。他们是不知足的孩子，无论得到什么，无论女子怎样，都不满意的。 + + 大战爆发了。希尔达和康妮又匆匆回家——她们在五月已经回家一次，那时是为了母亲的丧事。她们的两个德国情人，在一九一四年圣诞节都死了，姊妹俩恋恋地痛哭了一场，但是心里却把他们忘掉了，他们再也不存在了。 + + 她们都住在新根洞她们父亲的——其实是她们母亲的家里。她们和那些拥护"自由"，穿法兰绒裤和法兰绒开领衬衣的剑桥大学学生们往来。这些学生是一种上流的感情的无政府主义者，说起话来，声音又低又浊，仪态力求讲究。希尔达突然和一个比她大十岁的人结了婚。她是这剑桥学生团体的一个老前辈，家财富有，而且在政府里有个好差事，他也写点哲学上的文章。她和他住在威士明斯泰的一所小屋里，来往的是政府人物，他们虽不是了不起的人，却是——或希望是——国中有权威的知识分子。他们知道自己所说的是什么或者装做知道。 + + 康妮得了个暂时轻易的工作，和那些嘲笑一切的，穿法兰绒裤的剑桥学生常在一块。她的朋友是克利福·查太莱，一个二十二岁的青年。他原在德国被恩研究煤矿技术，那时他刚从德国匆匆赶回来，他以前也在剑桥大学待过两年，现在，他是个堂堂的陆军中尉，穿上了军服，更可以目空一切了。 + + 在社会地位上看来，克利福·查太莱是比康妮高的，康妮是属于小康的知识阶级；但他却是个贵族。虽不是大贵族，但总是贵族。他的父亲是个男爵，母亲是个子爵的女儿。 + + 克利福虽比康妮出身高贵，更其上流，但却没有她磊落大方。在地主贵族的狭小的上流社会里，他便觉得安适，但在其他的中产阶级、民众和外国人所组合的大社会里，他却觉得怯懦不安了。说实话，他对于中下层阶级的大众和与自己不同阶级的外国人，是有点惧怕的。他自己觉得麻木了似的毫无保障；其实他有着所有优先权的保障。这是可怪的，但这是我们时代的一种稀有的现象。 + + 这是为什么，一个雍容自在的少女康士丹斯·勒德使他颠倒了。她在那复杂浑沌的社会上，比他自然得多了。 + + 然而，他却是个叛徒，甚至反叛他自己的阶级。也许反叛这字用得过火了，太过火了。他只是跟着普通一般青年的愤恨潮流，反对旧习惯，反对任何权势罢了。父辈的人都是可笑的，他自己的顽固的父亲，尤其可笑。一切政府都是可笑的，投机主义的英国政府，特别可笑，车队是可笑的，尤其是那些老而不死的将军们，至于那红脸的吉治纳将军②更是可笑之至了。甚至战争也是可笑的，虽然战争要杀不少人。 + + ②吉治纳(itchener)一九一四一一六年英国陆军部长。 + + 总之，一切都有点可笑，或十分可笑，一切有权威的东西，无论军队、政府或可笑到绝点。自命有统治能力的统治阶级，也可笑。佐佛来男爵，克利福的父亲，尤其可笑。砍伐着他园里的树木，调拨着他煤矿场里的矿工，和败草一般地送到战场上去，他自己便安然在后方，高喊救国，可是他却入不敷出地为国花钱。 + + 当克利福的姊妹爱玛·查太莱小姐从米德兰到伦敦去做看护工作的时候，她暗地里嘲笑着佐佛来男爵和他的刚愎的爱国主义。至于他的长子哈白呢，却公然大笑，虽然砍给战壕里用的树木是他自己的。但是克利福只是有点不安的微笑。一切都可笑，那是真的；但这可笑若挨到自己身上来的时候？其他阶级的人们，如康妮，是郑重其事的；他们是有所信仰的。 + + 他们对于军队，对于征兵的恐吓，对于儿童们的糖与糖果的缺乏，是颇郑重其事的。这些事情，当然，都是当局的罪过。但是克利福却不关心，在他看来，当局本身就是可笑的，而不是因为糖果或军队问题。 + + 当局者自己也觉得可笑，却有点可笑地行动着，一时紊乱得一塌糊涂。直至前方战事严重起来，路易·佐治出来救了国内的局面，这是超乎可笑的，于是目空一切的青年们不再嘲笑了。 + + 一九-六年，克利福的哥哥哈白阵亡了。因此克利福成了唯一的继承人。甚至这个也使他害怕起来。他早就深知生在这查太莱世家的勒格贝，作佐佛来男爵儿子，是多么重要的，他决不能逃避他的命运。可是他知道在这沸腾的外面世界的人看来，也是可笑的。现在他是继承人，是勒格贝世代老家的负责人，这可不是骇人的事？这可不是显赫而同时也许是十分荒唐的事？ + + 佐佛来男爵却不以为有什么荒唐的地方。他脸色苍白地、紧张地固执着要救他的祖国和他的地位，不管在位的是路易·佐治或任何人。他拥护英国和路易·佐治，正如他的祖先们拥护英国和圣佐治一样；他永不明白那儿有什么不同的地方。所以佐佛来男爵吹伐他的树木，拥护英国和路易·佐治。 + + 他要克利福结婚，好生个嗣子，克利福觉得他的父亲是个不可救药者，顽固。但是他自己，除了会嘲笑一切，和极端嘲笑他自己的处境外，还有什么比他父亲更新颖的呢？因为不管他心愿与否，他是十分郑重其事地接受这爵衔和勒格贝家产了。 + + 大战起初时的狂热消失了。死灭了。因为死的人太多了，恐怖太大了。男子需要扶持和安慰，需要一个铁锚把他碇泊在安全地下，需要一个妻子。 + + 从前，查太莱兄弟姊妹三人，虽然认识的人多，却怪孤独地住在勒格贝家里，他们三人的关系是很密切的，因为他们三人觉得孤独，虽然有爵位和土地(也许正因为这个)，他们却觉得地位不坚，毫无保障。他们和生长地的米德兰工业区完全隔绝；他们甚至和同阶级的人也隔绝了，因为佐佛来男爵的性情是古怪的，"固执的，不喜与人交往的。他们嘲笑他们的父亲，但是他们却不愿人嘲笑他。 + + 他们说过要永久的住在一块，但是现在哈白已死了。而佐佛来男爵又要克利福成婚。父亲这欲望并不正式表示，他是很少说话的人，但是他的无言的、静默地坚持，是使克利福难以反抗的。 + + 但是，爱玛却反对这事！她比克利福大十岁，她觉得克利福如果结婚，那便是离叛他们往日的约言。 + + 然而，克利福终于娶了康妮，和她过了一个月的蜜月生活。那正在可怕的一九一七那一年；夫妇俩亲切得恰如正在沉没的船上的两个难人。结婚的时候，他还是个童男，所以性的方面，于他是没有多大意义的。他们只知相亲相爱，康妮觉得这种超乎性欲的男子不求"满足"的相亲相爱，是可喜的。而克利福也不象别的男子般的追求"满足"。不，亲情是比性交更深刻，更直接的。性交不过是偶然的、附带的事，不过是一种笨拙地坚持着的官能作用，并不是真正需要的东西。可是康妮却希翼着生些孩子，好使自己的地位强国起来，去反抗爱玛。 + + 然而，一九一八年开始的时候，克利福伤得一身破碎。被运了回来，孩子没有生成。佐佛来男爵也忧愤中死去了。 + + + + 第二章 + + 一九二零年的秋天，康妮和克利福回勒格贝老家来，爱玛因为仍然憎恶她弟弟的失信，已到伦敦租了间小房子住下。 + + 勒格贝是个褐色石筑的长而低的老屋。建筑于十八世纪中期，后来时加添补，直至成了一座无甚出色的大房屋，它坐落在一高丘上，在一个够优美的满是橡树的老林园中。可惜得很，从这儿看见附近煤矿场的烟雾成云的烟囱，和远处湿雾朦胧中的小山上的达娃斯哈村落，这村落差不多挨着园门开始，极其丑恶地蔓延一里之长，一行行的寒酸肌脏的砖墙小屋，黑石板的屋顶，尖锐的屋角，带着无限悲伤的气概。 + + 康妮是住惯了根新洞，看惯了苏格兰的小山，和苏色克斯的海岸沙丘的人，那便是她心目中的英格兰，她用年轻的忍耐精神，把这无灵魂的、丑恶的煤铁区的米德兰浏览了一遍，便撇开不顾了，那是令人难信的可怕的环境，是不必加以思索的。以勒格贝那些阴森的房屋里，她听得见矿坑里筛子机的轹轹声，起重机的喷气声。载重车换轨时的响声，和火车头粗哑的汽笛声。达娃斯哈的煤堤在燃烧着，已经燃烧好几年了，要熄灭它非一宗大款不可，所以只好任它烧着。风从那边吹来的时候——这是常事——屋里便充满了腐土经焚烧后的硫磺臭味。甚至无风的时候，空气里也带着一种地窖下的什么恶味。甚至在毛黄花上，也铺着一层煤灰，好象是恶天降下的黑甘露。 + + 然而，世事就是这样，一切都是命定的！这是有点可怕的，但是为什么要反抗呢？反抗是无用的，事情还是一样继续下去。这便是生活，和其它一切一样！在晚上，那低低的黝黑的云天，浮动着一些斑斑的红点，肿涨着，收缩着，好象令人痛苦的火伤；那是煤地的一些高炉。起初，这种景色使康妮深深恐怖，她觉得自己生活在地窖里。以后，她渐渐习惯了。早晨的时候，天又下起雨来。 + + 克利福自称勒格贝比伦敦可爱。这地方有一种特有的坚强的意志，居民有一种强大的欲望，康妮奇怪着，他们除此以外，还有什么尝试的东西。无论如何，见解和思想他们是没有的。这些居民和这地方一样，形容枯搞，丑陋，阴森而不和睦。不过在他们的含糊不清的土话里和他们在沥青路上曳着钉底鞍。一群一群的散工回家时候的嘈杂声里，却有些什么可怕而有点神秘的东西。 + + 当这年轻的贵族归家时，谁也没有来欢迎他。没有宴会，没有代表，甚至一朵花也没有。只是当他的汽车在阴森的林中的潮湿空气里开过，经过那有些灰色绵羊在那里吃着草的园圃斜坡，来到那高丘上黑褐色的屋门前时，一个女管家和她的丈夫在那里等着，预备支吾几句欢迎的话。 + + 勒格贝和达娃斯哈村落是毫无来往的。村里人见了他们，也不脱帽，也不鞠躬。矿工们见了只是眼睁地望着。商人见了康妮举举帽子，和对一个任何熟人一样，对克利福相通的深渊，双方都抱着一种沉静的仇恨。起初，康妮对于村人这种淫雨似的下个不尽的仇恨，很觉痛苦。后来她忍耐下来了，反而觉得那是一服强身剂，是予人以一种生趣的什么东西，这并不是因为她和克利福不孚众望，仅仅是因为他们和矿工是完全不同的两种人罢了。在特兰以南的地方，这种人与人之间的极端隔绝也许是不存在的。但是在中部和北部的工业区，他们间的隔绝是言语所难形容的。你走你的。我走我的！奇怪的相克的人类感情！ + + 虽然，在无形中，村人对于克利福和康妮还有点同情，但是在骨子里，双方都抱着"别管我们罢"的态度。 + + 这儿的牧师，是个勤于职务的约模六十岁的和蔼的人。村人的"别管我们罢"的无言态度把他克服了，差不多成了无足轻重的人物，矿工的妻子们几乎都是监理会教徒，面矿工们却是无所信仰的，但是即使这牧师所穿的那套制服，也就够使村人把他看成一个异常的人了。是的，他是个异常的人，他是亚士比先生，一种传道和祈祷的机械。 + + "管你是什么查太莱男爵夫人，我们并不服你！"村人的这种固执的本能的态度，起初是很使康妮十分不安而沮丧的。当她对矿工的妻子们表示好感的时候，她们那种奇怪的、猜疑的、虚伪的亲热，使她觉得真难忍受。她常常听见这些女人们用着半阿谀的鼻音说："啊！别小看我，查太莱男爵夫人和我说话来着呢！可是她却不必以为因此我便不如此！"这种奇异的冒犯的态度，也使康妮觉得怪难忍受。这是不能避免的。这些都是不可救药的离叛国教的人。 + + 克利福并不留心他们，康妮也不学样。她经过村里时，目不旁视，村人呆望着她，好象她是会走的蜡人一样。当克利福有事和他们交谈的时候，他的态度是很高傲的，很轻蔑的，这不是讲亲爱的时候了，事实上，他对于任何不是同一阶级的人，总是很傲慢而轻蔑的。坚守着他的地位，一点也不想与人修好。他们不喜欢他。也不讨厌他，他只是世事的一部分，象煤矿场和勒格贝屋予一样。 + + 但是自从半躯残废以来，克利福实在是很胆怯的。他除了自己的仆人外，谁也不愿见。因为他得坐在轮椅或小车里，可是他的高价的裁缝师，依旧把他穿得怪讲究的。他和往日一样，系着帮德街买来的讲究的领带。他的上半截和从前一样的时髦动人。他一向就没有近代青年们的那种女性模样；他的红润的脸色，阔大的肩膊，反而有牧人的粗壮神气。但是他的宁静而犹豫的声音，和他的勇敢却又惧怕，果断却又疑惑的眼睛，却显示着他的天真性。他的态度常常起初是敌对地傲慢的，跟着又谦逊、自卑而几乎畏缩下来。 + + 康妮和他互相依恋，但和近代夫妻一样，各自守着相当的距离。他因为终身残废的打击，给他的内心的创伤过重，所以失去了他的轻快和自然，他是个负伤的人，因此康妮热情地怜爱他。 + + 但是康妮总觉得他和民间的来往太少了。矿工们在某种意义上是他的用人，但是在他看来，他们是物件，而不是人；他们是煤矿的一部分，而不是生命的一部分；他们是一些粗卑的怪物，而不是象他自己一样的人类。在某种情境上，他却惧怕他们，怕他们看见自己的这种残废。他们的奇怪的粗鄙的生活，在他看来，仿佛象刺猬的生活一样反乎自然。 + + 他远远地关心着他们，象一个人在显微镜里或望远镜里望着一样。他和他们是没有直接接触的。除了因为习惯关系和勒格贝接触。因为家族关系和爱玛接触外，他和谁也没有真正的接触。什么也不能真正接触他。康妮自己也觉得没有真正地接触他。也许他根本就没有什么可以接触的东西，他是否定人类的交接的。 + + 然而他是绝对地依赖于她的，他是无时无刻不需要她的。他虽魁伟壮健，可是却不能自己照顾自己，他虽可以坐在轮椅里把自己滚来滚去，他虽有一种小自动车，可以到林园里慢慢地兜兜圈子，但是独自的时候，他便象个无主宰的东西了。他需要康妮在一块，以使他相信自己是生存着的。 + + 可是他是雄心勃勃的。他写些小说，写些关于他所知道的人的奇怪特别的小说。这些小说写得又刁又巧，又恶辣，可是神秘得没有什么深意。他的观察是异于常人的，奇特的，可是却没有使人能接触、能真正地接触的东西。一切都好象在虚无缥缈中发生。而且，因为我们今日的生活场面大都是人工地照亮起来的一个舞台，所以他的小说都是怪忠实于现代化生活的。说恰切些，是怪忠实现代心理的。 + + 克利福对于他的小说毁誊，差不多是病态地易感的。他要人人都说他的小说好，是无出其右的最上作品。他的小说都在最摩登的杂志上发表，因此照例地受人赞美和非难。但是非难于克利福。是如刀刺肉般的酷刑。仿佛他的生命都在他的小说里。 + + 康妮极力地帮助他。起初，她觉得很兴奋，他单调地、坚持地给她解说一切的事情，她得用全力去回答和了解。仿佛她整个的灵魂、肉体和性欲都得苏醒而穿过他的小说里。这使她兴奋而忘我。 + + 他们的物质生活是很少的。她得监督家务。那多年服侍过佐佛来男爵的女管家是个干枯了的毫无苟且的老东西。她不但不象个女仆，连女人都不象。她在这里侍候餐事已经四十年了。就是其他的女仆也不年轻了。真可怖！在这样的地方，你除了听其自然以外；还有什么法子呢？所有这些数不尽的无人住的空房子，所有这些德米兰的习惯，机械式的整齐清洁！一切都很秩序地、很清洁地、很精密地、甚至很真正的进行着。然而在康妮看来，这只是有秩序的无政府状态罢了。那儿并没有感情的热力的互相联系。整个屋子阴森得象一条冷清的街道。 + + 她除了听其自然以外，还有什么方法？……于是她便听其自然了。爱玛·查太莱小姐，脸孔清瘦而傲慢，有时也上这儿来看望他们。看见一切都没有变动，觉得很是得意。她永远不能宽恕康妮，因为康妮拆散了她和她弟弟的深切的团结。是她——爱玛，才应该帮助克利福写他的小说，写他的书的。查太莱的小说，世界上一种新颖的东西，由他们姓查太莱的人经手产生出来。这和从前的思想言论，是毫无共通，毫无有机的联系的。世界上只有查太莱的书，是新颖的，纯粹地个人的。 + + 康妮的父亲，当他到勒格贝作短促的逗留的时候，对康妮说："克利福的作品是巧妙的，但是底子里空无一物。那是不能长久的！……"康妮望着这老于世故的魁伟的苏格兰的老爵士，她的眼睛，她的两只老是惊异的蓝色的大眼睛，变得模糊起来。"空无一物！"这是什么意思？批评家们赞美他的作品，克利福差不多要出名了，而且他的作品还能赚一笔钱呢。……她的父亲却说克利福的作品空无一物，这是什么意思？他要他的作品里有什么东西？ + + 因为康妮的观点是和一般青年一样的：眼前便是一切，将来与现在的相接，是不必彼此相属的。 + + 那是她在勒格贝的第二个冬天了，她的父亲对她说： + + "康妮，我希望你不要因环境的关系而守活寡。" + + "守活寡！为什么呢？为什么不呢？"康妮漠然地答道。 + + "除非你愿意，那便没有话说了！"她的父亲忙说。 + + 当他和克利福在一起而没有旁人的时候，他把同样的话对他说： + + "我恐怕守活寡的生活不太适合康妮。" + + "活活守寡！"克利福答道，把这短语讲得更明确了。 + + 他沉思了一会后，脸孔通红起来，发怒了。 + + "怎么不适合她？"他强硬会问道。 + + "她渐渐地清瘦了……憔悴了。这并不是她一向的样子。她并不象那瘦小的沙丁，她是动人的苏格兰白鲈鱼。" + + "毫无斑点的白鲈鱼，当然了！"克利福说。 + + 过后，他想把守活寡这桩事对康妮谈谈。但是他总不能开口。他和她同时是太亲密而又不够亲密了，在精神上，他们是合一的；但在肉体上，他们是隔绝的；关于肉体事件的讨论，两人都要觉得难堪。他们是太亲密了同时又太疏远了。 + + 然而康妮却猜出了她的父亲对克利福说过了什么，而克利福缄默地把它守在心里，她知道，她是否守活寡，或是与人私通，克利福是不关切的，只要他不确切地知道，和不必一定去知道。眼所不见，心所不知的事情，是不存在的。 + + 康妮和克利福在勒格贝差不多两年了，他们度着一种漠然地生活，全神贯注在克利福和他的著作上。他们对于这种工作的共同兴趣不断的浓厚。他们谈论着，争执着行文结构，仿佛在那空虚之中有什么东西在发生，在真正发生似的。 + + 他们已在共同工作着，这便是生活——一种空虚中的生活。 + + 除此之外，其他一切都不存在了。勒格贝，仆人们……都是些鬼影。而不是现实。康妮也常到园里与园圃相连的林中去散步，欣赏着那里的孤僻和神秘，脚踢着秋天的落叶，或采摘着春天的莲馨花。这一切都是梦，真实的幻影。橡树的叶子，在她看来，仿佛是镜子里摇动着的叶子，她自己是书本里的人物，采着莲馨花，而这些花儿也不过是些影子，或是记忆，或是一些宇。她觉得什么也没有，没有实质，没有接触，没有联系！只有这与克利福的共同生活，只有这些无穷无尽的长谈和心理分析，只有这些麦尔肯爵士所谓的底子里一无所有而不能长久的小说。为什么底子里要有什么东西？为什么要传之久远？我们始且得过且过，直至不能再过之日。我们姑且得过且过，直至现在"出现"之日。 + + 克利福的朋友——实际上只是些相识——很不少，他常把他们请到勒格贝来。他请的是各种各样的人，批评家，著作家，一些颂赞他的作品的人们。这些人都觉得被请到勒格贝来是荣幸的，于是他们歌颂他。康妮心里明白这一切，为什么不呢？这是镜中游影之一。她并不觉得有什么不好的地方。 + + 她款待着这些客人——其中大部分是些男子。她也款待着克利福的不常来的贵族亲戚们。因为她长得温柔，脸色红润而带村乡的风态，有着那易生色斑的嫩白的皮肤，大大的蓝眼睛，褐色卷发，温和的声音和微嫌坚强的腰部。所以人家把她看成一个不太时髦，而太"妇人"的女子。她并不是男孩似的象一条"小沙丁鱼"，她胸部扁平，臀部细小。她太女性了，所以不能十分时髦。 + + 因此男子们，尤其是年纪不轻的男子们，都对她很献殷勤。他是，她知道如果她对他们稍微表示一点轻桃，那便要使可怜的克利福深感痛苦，所以她从不让这些男子们胆大起来。她守关那闲静而淡漠的态度，她和他们毫无密交，而且毫无这个意思。因此克利福是觉得非常自得的。 + + 克利福的亲戚们，对她也很和蔼。她知道这种和蔼的原因，是因为她不使人惧怕。她也知道，如果你不使这些人有点怕你，他们是不会尊敬你的。但是她和他们也是毫无密交。她接受他们的和蔼和轻蔑，她让他们知道用不着剑拨弩张。她和他们是毫无真正的关系的。 + + 时间便是这样过着。无论有了什么事。都象不是真正地有那么回事，因为她和一切是太没有接触了。她和克利福在他们的理想里，在他们的著作里生活着。她款待着客人……家里是常常有客的。时间象钟一样地进行着，七点半过了是八点，八点过了是八点半。 + + + + 第三章 + + 然而，康妮感着一种日见增大的不安的感觉。因为她与一切隔绝，所以不安的感觉便疯狂似地把她占据。当她要宁静时，这种不安便牵动着她的四肢；当她要舒适地休息时，这种不安便挺直着她的脊骨。它在她的身内，子宫里，和什么地方跳动着，直至她觉得非跳进水里去游泳以摆脱它不可。这是一种疯狂的不安。它使她的心毫无理由地狂跳起来。她渐渐地消瘦了。 + + 这种不安，有时使她狂奔着穿过林园，丢开了克利福，在羊齿草丛中俯卧着。这样她便可以摆脱她的家……她得摆脱她的家和一切的人。树林象是她唯一的安身处，她的避难地。 + + 但是树林却不是一个真正的安身避难的地方，因为她和树林并没有真正的接触。这只是她可以摆脱其他一切的一个地方罢了。她从来没有接触树林本身的精神……假如树林真有这种怪诞的东西的话。 + + 朦胧地，她知道自己是渐渐地萎靡凋谢了；朦胧地，她知道自己和一切都没有联系，她已与实质的、有生命的世界脱离关系。她只有克利福和他的书，而这些书是没有生命的……里面是空无一物的，只是一个一个的空洞罢了。她朦胧地知道，她虽然朦胧地知道，但是她却觉得好象自己的头碰在石头上一样。 + + 她的父亲又惊醒地说："康妮，你为什么不找个情人呢？那于你是大有益处的。" + + 那年冬天，蔑克里斯来这儿住了几天，他是个年轻的爱尔兰人，他写的剧本在美国上演，赚过一笔大钱。曾经有一个时候，他受过伦敦时髦社会很热烈的欢迎；因为他所写的都是时髦社会的剧本。后来，这般时髦社会的人们，渐渐地明白了自己实在被这达布林的流氓所嘲弄了，于是来了一个反动。蔑克里斯这个字成为最下流、最被轻视的字了。他们发觉他是反对英国的，这一点，在发觉的人看来，是罪大恶极的。从此，伦敦和时髦社会把他骂得体无完肤，把他象一件脏东西似的丢在垃圾桶里。 + + 可是蔑克里斯却住在贵族助梅惠区里，而且走过帮德街时，竟是仪表堂堂，俨然贵绅；因为只要你有钱，纵令你是个下流人。最好的裁缝师也不会拒绝你的光顾的。 + + 这个三十岁的青年，虽然正在走着倒霉运气，但是克利福却不犹豫地把他请到勒格贝来。蔑克里斯大概拥有几百万的听众；而正当他现在被时髦社会所遗弃不时，居然被请到勒格贝来，他无疑地是要感激的。既然他心中感激，那么他无疑地便要帮助克利福在美国成名起来，不露马脚的吹嘘，是可以使人赫然出名的，不管出的是什么名——尤其是在美国，克利福是个未来的作家，而且是个很慕虚名的人。还有一层便是蔑克里斯曾把他在一出剧本里描写得伟大高贵，使克利福成了一种大众的英雄——直至他发觉了自己实在是受人嘲弄了的时候为止。 + + 克利福这种盲目的、迫切的沽名钓誉的天性，他这种要使那浮游无定的大千世界——其实这种世界是他自己所不认识而且惧怕的——知道他，知道他是一个作家，一个第一流的新作家的天性，是有点使康妮惊异的。从她的强壮的、善于引答人彀的老父亲麦尔肯爵士本身，康妮知道艺术家们也是用吹牛方法使自己的货色抬高的。但是她的父亲用的是些老方法，这些老方法是其他皇家艺术学会的会员们兜售他们的作品时所通用的。至于克利福呢，他发现各种各样的新宣传方法。他把各种各样的人请到勒格贝来，他虽则不至于奴颜婶膝，但是他因为急于成名，所以凡是可用的手段都采用了。 + + 蔑克里斯坐着一部漂亮的汽车，带了一个车夫和一个男仆来到了，他穿得漂亮极了；但是一看见了他，克利福的乡绅的心里便感到一种退缩。这蔑克里斯并不是……不确是……其实一点也不是……表里一致的。这一点在克利福看来是毫无疑义了，可是克利福对他是很有礼貌的；对他的惊人的成功是含着无限羡慕的。所谓"成功"的财神，在半谦卑半傲慢的蔑克里斯的脚跟边，张牙舞爪地徘徊着，保护着他。把克利福整个威吓着了；因为他自己也是想卖身与财神，也想成功的，如果她肯接受他的话。 + + 不管伦敦最阔绰的的区域里裁缝师、帽子商人、理发匠、鞋匠怎样打扮蔑克里斯，他都显然地不是一个英国人。不，不，他显然地不是英国人；他的平板而苍白的脸孔；他的高兴举止和他的怨恨，都不是一个英国人所有的。他抱着怨恨，愤懑，让这种感情在举止上流露出来，这是一个真正的英国绅士所不齿为的。可怜的蔑克里斯，因为他受过的冷眼和攻击太多了，所以现在还是处处留神，时时担心，有点象狗似的尾巴藏在两腿间。他全凭着他的本能，尤其是他的厚脸皮，用他的戏剧在社会上层替自己打开了一条路，直至赫然成名。他的剧本得到了观众的欢心。他以为受人冷眼和攻击的日子过去了。唉，那知道这种日子没有过去……而且永不会过去呢！因为这冷眼和攻击之来，在某种意义上说，是他咎由自取的。他渴望着到不属于他的英国上流社会里去生活。但是他们多么写意地给他以种种攻击！而他是多么痛恨他们！ + + 然而这达布林的杂种狗，却带着仆人，乘着漂亮的汽车，到处旅行。 + + 他有的地方使康妮喜欢，他并不摆架子，他对自己不抱幻想。克利福所要知道的事情，他说得又有理，又简洁，又实际。他并不夸张或任性。他知道克利福请他到勒格贝来为的是要利用他，因此他象-个狡猾老练的大腹贾似的，态度差不多冷静地让人盘问种种问题，而他也从容大方地回答。 + + "金钱！"他说。"金钱是一种天性，弄钱是一个男子所有的天赋本能。不论你干什么：都是为钱；不论你弄什么把戏，也是为钱，这是你的天性中一种永久的事。你一旦开始了赚钱，你便继续赚下去；直至某种地步，我想。" + + "但是你得会开始才行。"克利福说。 + + "啊，当然呀，你得进到里面去，如果你不能进去，便什么也不行，你得打出一条进路；一旦有了进路，你就可以前行无阻了。" + + "但是除了写剧本外，还有弄钱的方法么？"克利福问道。 + + "啊，大概没有了！我也许是个好作家，或者是个坏作家，但我总是一个戏剧作家，我不能成为别的东西。这是毫无疑义的。" + + "你以为你必定要成为一个成功的戏剧作家么？"康妮问道。 + + "对了，的确！"他突然地回转头去向她说："那是没有什么的！成功没有什么，甚至大众也没有什么。我的戏剧里，实在没有什么可使戏剧成功的东西。没有的。它们简直就是成功的戏剧罢了，和天气一样……是一种不得不这样的东西……至少目前是这样。" + + 他的沉溺在无底的幻灭中的迟钝而微突的眼睛，转向康妮望着，她觉得微微战栗起来。他的样子是这样的老……无限的老；他似乎是个一代一代的幻灭累积而成的东西，和地层一样；而同时他又象个孤零的小孩子。在某种意义上，他是个被社会唾弃的人，但是他却象一只老鼠似的竭力挣扎地生活着。 + + "总之，在你这样年纪已有这种成就。是可惊的。"克利福沉思着说。 + + "我今年三十岁了……是的，三十岁了！"蔑克里斯一边锐敏地说，一边怪异地笑着，这笑是空洞的，得意的，而又带苦味的。 + + "你还是独身一个人么？"康妮问道。 + + "你问的是什么意思？你问我独自生活着么？我却有个仆人。据她自己说，她是个希腊人，这是个什么也不会做的家伙。但是我却留着他，而我呢，我要结婚了。啊，是的，我定要结婚了。" + + "你把结婚说得好象你要割掉你的扁桃腺似的。"康妮笑着说，"难道结婚是这样困难的么？" + + 他仰慕地望着她，"是人，查太莱夫人，那是有点困难的！我觉得……请你原谅我这句话……我觉得我不能跟一个英国女子，甚至不能跟一个爱尔兰女子结婚……" + + "那么娶-个美国女子！"克利福说。 + + "啊，美国女子！"他空洞地笑了起来，"不，我会叫我的仆人替我找个土耳其女人，或者一个……一个什么近于东方的女人。" + + 这个奇特的、沮丧的、大成大就的人，真使康妮觉得奇怪。听说，单在美国方面，他就有五万金元的进款。有时他是漂亮的，当他向地下或向旁边注视时，光线照在他的上面，他象一个象牙雕刻的黑人似的，有着一种沉静持久的美。他的眼睛有点突出，眉毛浓厚而奇异地糨曲着，嘴部紧缩而固定，这种暂时的但是显露的镇静，是佛所有意追求而黑人有时超自然流露出来的，是一种很老的、种族所默认的东西！多少世代以来，它就为种族的命运所默认，而不顾我们个别的反抗。然后，悄悄地浮游而度，象一只老鼠在一条黑暗的河里一样。 + + 康妮突然奇异地对他同情起来。她的同情里有怜悯，却也带点憎恶，这种同情差不多近于爱情了。这个受人排挤、受人唾弃的人！人们说他浅薄无聊！但是克利福比他显得浅薄无聊得多，自作聪明得多！而且蠢笨得多呢。 + + 蔑克里斯立刻知道她对他有了一种印象。他那有点浮突的褐色的眼睛，怪不经意地望着她。他打量着她，打量着她对于他的印象的深浅。他和英国人在一起的时候，是永远受人冷待的。甚至有爱情也不中用。可是女子们却有时为他颠倒……是的，甚至于英国女子们呢。 + + 他分明知道他和克利福的关系如何。他们俩象是一对异种的狗，原应互相张牙舞爪的，而因情境所迫，便不得不挂着一副笑脸。但是和一个女人的关系如何，他却不太摸得着头脑了。 + + 早餐是开在各人寝室里的。克利福在午餐以前从不出来，饭厅里总是有点忧闷。喝过咖啡后，蔑克里斯恍恍惚惚地烦燥起来，不知做什么好。这是十一月的一个美丽的日子……在勒格贝，这算是美丽的了。他望了那凄凉的园林。上帝哟！什么一块地方！ + + 他叫仆人去问查太莱夫人要他帮什么忙不，因为他打算乘火车到雪非尔德走走。仆人回来说，查太莱夫人请他上她的起坐室里坐坐。 + + 康妮的起坐室是三楼，这是屋座中部的最高层楼。克利福的住所，不待言是在楼下了。他觉得很荣耀的被请到查太莱夫人的私人客室里去。他盲目地跟着仆人……他是从不注意外界事物或与他的四周的事物有所接触的。可是在她的小客室里，他却模糊地望了一望那些美丽的德国复制的勒瓦和塞扎纳①的作品。 + + ①勒努瓦(rbnoir)塞扎纳(cexanne)颤是法国近代印象源大画家． + + "这房子真是可爱。"他一边说一边奇异地微笑，露着牙齿，"住在这样的高楼上，你真是聪明啊。" + + "可不是吗？"她说。 + + 她的房子，是这大厅里唯一的华丽新式的房子，在勒格贝，只有这个地方能够表现点她的个性。克利福是从来没有看过这房子的，而她也很少请人上这儿来。 + + 现在，她和蔑克里斯在火炉边相对坐着谈话。她问他关于他自己、他的父母；他的兄弟的事情……他人的事情，康妮总是觉得有趣而神秘的，而当她有了同情的时候，阶级的成见便全没有了。蔑克里斯爽直地说着他自己的事，爽直地、诚实地披露着他那痛苦的、冷淡的、丧家狗的心情，然后流露着他的成功后的复仇的高傲。 + + "但是你为什么还是这么孤寂呢？"康妮问道。 + + 他的微突的、刺探的、褐色的眼睛，又向她望着。 + + "有的人是这样的。"他答道。然后他用着一种利落的，讽刺的口气说："但是，你自己呢？你自己不是个孤寂的人么？"康妮听了有点吃惊，沉思了一会，然后答道："也许有点儿；但并不是全然孤寂着，和你一样！" + + "我是全然地孤寂的人么？"他一边问，一边苦笑着，好象他牙痛似的，多么做作的微笑！他的眼睛带着十分忧郁的、忍痛的、幻灭的和惧怕的神气。 + + "但是，"她说，看见了他的神气，有点喘气起来："你的确是孤寂的，不是么？" + + 她觉得从他那里发出了一种急迫的求援，她差不多颠倒了。 + + "是的，的确！"他说着，把头转了过去，向旁边地下望着，静默着，好象古代人类般的那种奇异的静默，看见了他冷淡她的这种神气，使康妮气馁了。 + + 他抬起头直望着她，他看见一切，而且记住一切。同时，象一个深夜哭喊的小孩，他从他的内心向她哭喊着，直使她的子宫深处都感动了。 + + "你这样关心我，你真是太好了。"他简括地说。 + + "为什么我不关心你呢？"她发着那种强勉的、疾嘶的、常嘶声的苦笑。 + + "啊，那么……我可以握一下你的手吗？"他突然问道，两眼差不多用催眠力似地疑视着她。他用这恳求；直感动到她的子宫深处。 + + 她神魂颠倒地呆望着他，他定了过来，在她旁边跪下。两手紧紧地扭着她的两脚，他的脸伏在她的膝上，一动也不动。她已完他地迷感着了，在一种惊骇中俯望着他的柔嫩的颈背，觉着他的脸孔紧压着她的大腿。她茫然自失了，不由得把她的手，温柔地，伶悯地放在他的无抵抗的颓背上。他全身战栗起来。 + + 跟着，他始起头，用那闪光的，带着可怖的恳求的两眼望着她；她完全地不能自主了，她的胸怀里泛流着一种对他回答的无限的欲望，她可以给他一切的一切。 + + 他是个奇怪而娇弱的情人，对女人很是娇弱，不能自制地战栗着，而同时，却又冷静地默听着外界的一切动静。 + + 在她呢，她除了知道自己的委身与他以外，其他一初都不在意了。惭渐地，他不战栗了，安静起来了，十分安静起来了。她怜悯地爱抚着他依在她胸前的头。 + + 当他站起来的时候，他吻着她的双手，吻着她的穿着羔羊皮拖鞋的双脚。默默地走开到房子的那一边，背向着她站着。两个人都静默了一会。然后，他转身向她回来，她依旧坐在火炉旁边的那个老地方。 + + "现在，我想你要恨我了。"他温和地，无可奈何地说道。她迅速地向他仰望着。 + + "为什么要恨你呢？"她问道。 + + "女子们多数是这样的。"他说，然后又改正说："我的意思是说……，人家认为女子是这样的。" + + "我即使要恨你，也决不在此刻恨你。"她说。 + + "我知道的！我知道的！应该是这样的！你对我真是太好了……。"他悲惨地叫道。 + + 她奇怪着为什么他要这样的悲惨。"你不再坐下么？"她说。他向门边望了一望。 + + "克利福男爵！"他说，"他，他不会……？"她沉思了一会，说道；"也许！"然后她仰望着他，"我不愿意克利福知道……，甚至不愿让他猜疑什么，那定要使他太痛苦了。但是我并不以为那有什么错处，你说是不是？" + + "错处！老天爷呀，决没有的，你只是对我太好罢了……好到使我有点受不了罢了，这有什么错处？" + + 他转过身去，她看见他差不多要哭了。 + + "但是我们不必让克利福知道，是不是？"她恳求着说，"那一来定要使他太痛苦了。假如他永不知道，永不猜疑，那么大家都好。" + + "我！"他差不多凶暴地说，"我不会让他知道什么的！你看罢。我，我自己去泄露！哈！哈！"想到这个，他不禁空洞地冷笑起来。她惊异地望着他。他对她说："我可以吻吻你的手再走吗？我想到雪非尔德走一趟，在那儿午餐，如果你喜欢的话，午后我将回这里来喝茶，我可以替你做点什么事么？我可以确信你不恨我么——你不会恨我罢？"他用着一种不顾一切口气说完这些话。 + + "不，我不恨你。"她说，"我觉得你可爱。" + + "啊！"他兴奋地对她说："我听你说这话，比听你说你爱我更喜欢！这里面的意思深得多呢……那么下午再会罢，我现在要想的事情多着呢。"他谦恭的吻了她的两手，然后走了。 + + 在午餐的时候．克利福说："这青年我真看不惯。" + + "为什么？"康妮问道。 + + "他是个金玉其外，败絮其中的家伙……他时时准备着向我们攻击。" + + "我想大家都对他太坏了。"康妮说。 + + "你惊怪这个么？难道你以为他天天干的是些好事么？" + + "我相信他是有某种宽宏慷慨的气量的。" + + "对谁宽宏慷慨？" + + "我倒不知道。" + + "当然你不知道啊，我恐怕你把任性妄为认作宽宏慷慨了。" + + 康妮不做声，这是真的么？也许。可是蔑克里斯的任性妄为，有着某种使她迷惑的地方。他已经飞黄腾达了，而克利福只在匍匐地开始。他已用他的方式把世界征服了，这是克利福所求之不得的。说到方法和手段吗？难道蔑克里斯的方法和手段，比克利福的更卑下么？难道克利福的自吹自擂的登台术，比那可怜无助的人以自力挣扎前进的方法更高明么？"成功"的财神后面，跟着成千的张嘴垂舌的狗儿。那个先得到她的便是狗中之真狗！所以蔑克里斯是可以高举着他的尾巴的。 + + 奇怪的是他并不这样做。他在午后茶点的时候，拿着一束紫罗兰和百合花回来，依旧带着那丧家狗神气。康妮有时自问着，他这种神气，这种不变的神气，是不是拿来克敌的一种假面具，他真是一条可怜的狗吗？ + + 他整个晚上坚持着那种用以掩藏自己的丧家狗的神气，虽然克利福已看穿了这神气里面的厚颜无耻。康妮却看不出来，也许因为他这种厚颜无耻并不是对付女人的，而是对付男子和他们的傲慢专横的。蔑克里斯这种不可毁灭的内在的厚颜无耻，便是使男子们憎恶他的原因。只要他一出现，不管他装得多么斯文得体，上流人便要引以为耻了。 + + 康妮是爱上他了。但是她却设法自抑着真情，坐在那儿刺着绣，让他们去谈话。至于蔑克里斯呢，他毫不露出破绽，完全和昨天晚上一样，忧郁，专心，而又冷漠，和主人主妇象远隔得几百万里路似的，只和他们礼尚往来着，却不愿自献殷勤。康妮觉得他一定忘掉了早上的事了。但是他并没有忘掉。他知道他所处的境地……他仍旧是在外面的老地方，在那些天生成而被摈弃的人所处的那个地方。这回的恋爱，他毫不重视。因为他知道这恋爱是不会把他从一只无主的狗——从一只带着金颈圈而受人怨骂的无主狗，变成一只享福的上流家的狗的。 + + 在他的灵魂深处，他的确是个反对社会的、局外的人、他内心里也承认这个，虽然他外表上穿得多么入时，他的离众孤立，在他看来，是必需的；正如他表面上是力求从众，奔走高门，也是必须一样。 + + 但是偶然的恋爱一下，藉以安慰舒神，也是件好事，而且他并不是个忘恩负义的人；反之，他对于一切自然的，出自心愿的恩爱，是热切的感激，感激到几乎流泪的。在他的苍白的、固定的、幻灭的脸孔后面，他的童子的灵魂，对那女人感恩地啜泣着，他焦急地要去亲近她；同时，他的被人摈弃的灵魂，却知道他实在是不愿与她纠缠的。 + + 当他们在客厅里点着蜡烛要就寝的时候，他得了个机会对她说。 + + "我可以找你吗？" + + "不，我来找你。"她说。 + + "啊，好罢！" + + 他等了好久……但是她终于来了。 + + 他是一种颤战而兴奋的情人，快感很快地来到，一会儿便完了。他的赤裸裸的身体，有一种象孩子似的无抵抗的希奇的东西：他象一个赤裸裸的孩童。他的抵抗力全在他的机智和狡猾之中，在他的狡猾的本能深处，而当这本能假寐着的时候，他显得加倍的赤裸，加倍地象一个孩子，皮肉松懈无力，却在拼命地挣扎着。 + + 他引起了康妮的一种狂野的怜爱和温情，引起了她的一种狂野的渴望的肉欲。但是他没有满足她的肉欲，他的快感来得太快了。然后他萎缩在她的胸膛上，他的无耻的本能苏醒着，而她这时，却昏迷地，失望地，麻木地躺在那儿。 + + 但是过了一会，她立刻觉得要紧紧地搂着他，使它留在她那里面，一任她动作着……一任她疯狂地热烈地动作着，直至她得到了她的最高快感。当他觉着她的疯狂的极度快感，是由他硬直的固守中得来的时候，他不禁奇异地觉得自得和满足。 + + "啊！多么好。"她颤战地低语着。她紧贴着他，现在她完全镇定下来了，而他呢，却孤寂地躺在那儿，可是带着骄傲神气。 + + 他这次只住了三天，他对克利福的态度，和第一天晚上一样：对康妮也是一样，他的外表是毫无改变的。 + + 他用着平时那种不平而忧郁的语调和康妮通信，有时写得很精彩。但总是渲染着一种奇异的无性爱的爱情。他好象觉得对她的爱情是一种无望的爱情，他们间原来的隔阂是不变的。他的深心处是没有希望的，而他也不愿有希望。他对于希望存有一种恨心。他在什么地方读过这句话："一个庞大的希望穿过了大地。"他添了一下嘴说："这希望把一切有价值的东西都扫荡无余了。" + + 康妮实在并不了解他；但是她自己觉得爱他。她的心里时时都感觉到他的失望。她是不能深深地、深深地爱而不存在希望的。而他呢，因为没有希望在心里，所以决不能深爱。 + + 这样，他们继续了好久，互相通着信，偶尔也在伦敦相会。她依旧喜欢在他的极度快感完毕后，用自力得到的那种强烈的肉的快感。他也依旧喜欢去满足她。只这一点便足以维持他们间的关系。 + + 她在勒格贝非常地快活。她用这种快活和满意去激励克利福，所以他在这时的作品写得最好，而且他几乎奇异地、盲目的觉得快活。其实，他是收获着她从蔑克里斯坚挺在她里面时，用自力得到的性的满足的果子。但是，他当然不知道这个的，要是知道了，他是决不会道谢的！ + + 然而，当她的心花怒放地快乐而使人激励的日子过去了时，完全过去了时，她变成颓丧而易怒时，克利福是多么晦气啊！要是他知道个中因果，也许他还愿意她和蔑克里斯重新相聚呢。 + + + + 第四章 + + 康妮常常预感到她和蔑克——人们这样叫他——的关系是不会有什么结果的。可是其他的男子好象不在她的眼里。她牵系着克利福。他需要她的大部分生命，而她也给他。但是她也需要一个男子给她大部分的生命，这是克利福没有给也不能给的。于是她不时地和蔑克里斯幽会。但是，她已经预知这是要完结的。和蔑克斯没有什么东西可以长久的。他的天性是要迫使他破坏一切关系而重新成为自由的、孤独的、寂寞的野狗的。在他看来，这是他的大需要，虽然他总是说：她把我丢弃了！ + + 人们以为世界上是充满着可能的事的。但是在多数的个人经验上，可能的事却这样的少。大海里有许多的好鱼……也许……但是大多数似乎只是些沙丁鱼和鲱鱼。如果你自己不是沙鲱鱼，你大概便要觉得在这大海里好鱼是很少的。 + + 克利福的名声日噪起来，甚至赚着钱了。许多人来勒格贝看他。康妮差不多天天要招待客人。但是这些都是些沙丁鱼或鲱鱼，偶尔地也有一尾较稀罕的鲇鱼或海鳗。 + + 有几个是常来的客，他们都是克利福在剑桥大学的同学。有一个是唐米·督克斯，他是服务军界的人，一个旅长，他说："军队生活使我有余暇去思想，而且免得我加入生活的争斗。" + + 还有查理·梅，他是个爱尔兰人，他写些关于星辰的科学著作。还有一位也是作家，他叫韩蒙。他们都和克利福年纪相仿，都是当时的青年知识分子。他们都信仰精神生活。在精神生活范围以外的行为，是私事，是无关重要的。你什么时候上厕所，谁也不想打听，这种事除了自己外，谁也不感兴趣的。 + + 就是日常生活上大部分的事情也是这样。你怎样弄钱，你是不是爱你的太太，你有没有外遇，所有这一切只是你自己的事，和上厕所一样，对他人是没有兴趣的。 + + 韩蒙是个身材高瘦的人，他有妻子和两个孩子，但是他和一个女打字员亲密得多了。他说："性问题的要点，便是里面并没有什么要点。严格地说，那就不是个问题。我们不想跟他人上厕所，那么为什么我们要理睬他人的床第间事？问题就是这儿。假如我们把床第间事看成和上厕所一样，那便没有什么问题了。这完全是无意义无要点的事；这仅仅是个不正当的好奇心的问题罢了。" + + "说得对，韩蒙，你说得真对！但是如果有什么人跟朱丽亚求爱，你便要沸腾起来；如果他再追求下去，那你便要发作了……。"朱丽亚是韩蒙的妻子。 + + "咳，当然呀！要是什么人在我的客厅里撤起尿来，我定要发作的。每个东西有每个东西的位置。" + + "这是说要是有人和朱丽亚躲在壁龛里恋爱起来，你便不介意么？" + + 查理·梅的态度是有点嘲弄的，因为他和朱丽亚曾有过点眉目传情的事，而给韩蒙严峻地破坏了。 + + "那我自然要介意。性爱是我和朱丽亚两人间的私事；如果谁想插进来，自然我要介意的。" + + 那清瘦而有雀斑的唐米·督克斯，比起苍白而肥胖的查理·梅来，更带爱尔兰色彩。他说："总而言之，韩蒙，你有一种很强的占有性和一种很强的自负的意志，而且你老想成功。自从我决意投身军界以来，我已经罕与世俗接触，现在我才知道人们是多么切望着成功和出人头地，我们的个性在这方面发展的多么过火！当然，象你这样的人，是以为得了一个女子的帮助是易于成功押。这便是你所以这样嫉的缘故。所以性爱在你看来是……你和朱丽亚之间的一种关系重大的发电机，是应该使你成功的东西。如果你不成功，你便要同失意的查里一样，开始向女人眉来眼去起来。象你和朱丽亚这种结过婚的人，都标着一种旅客手蕈上一样的标签，朱丽亚的标签上写的韩蒙太太，好象属于某人的箱子似的。你的标签上写是韩蒙，由韩蒙太太转交。啊，你是很对的，你是很对的！精神生活也需要舒适的家庭和可口的饭菜。你是很对的。精神生活还需要子孙兴旺呢！这一切都以成功与否为转移，成功便是一切事情的中轴。" + + 韩蒙听了似乎有点生气。他对自己的心地清白、不随俗浮沉是有点自负的。虽然这样，他确实是希望成功的。 + + "那是真的，你没有钱便不能生活。"查理梅说，"你得有相当的钱才能生活下去……没有钱，甚至思想都不能自由，否则你的肚子是不答应地的。但是在我看来，在性爱上，你尽可以把标签除去。我们既可以自由地向任何人谈话，那么为什么我们不能向任何我们所喜欢的女子求爱呢？" + + "好色的色尔特人的说法。"克利福说。 + + "好色！哼！为什么不可以？我不明白为什么同一个女人睡觉，比同她跳舞……如谈天气的好坏，有什么更大的害处，那不过是感觉的交换代替思想的交换罢了。那为什么不可以？" + + "象兔子一样的苟合？"韩蒙说。 + + "为什么不可以？兔子有什么不对？难道兔子比那神经病的，革命的，充满仇恨的人类更坏么？" + + "可是我们并不是兔子呀。"韩蒙说。 + + "不错，我们有个心灵。我有些关于天文的问题要计算，这问题于我差不多比生死还重要。有时消化不良妨碍我的工作，饥饿的时候妨碍得更厉害。同样，性的饥饿也妨碍我，怎么办呢？" + + "我想你受的是性欲过度后的消化不良的苦罢。"韩蒙讥讽地说。 + + "不是！我吃也不过度。性交也不过度。过度是可以自由制止的。但是钢笔便没有办法，你想叫我饿死么？ + + "一点也不！你可以结婚呀？" + + "你怎么知道我可以结婚？结婚也许不宜于我的精神结构。结婚也许要把我的精神变成荒谬。我是不适于结婚的……那么我便应该象和尚似的关在狗笼里么？没有这样狂妄的事，我的朋友，我必要生活和弄我的计算。我有时也需要女人。这并不是什么了不起的事，谁要发什么道德风化的议论，我都不睬。如果有个女人，象个箱子似的带着我的名字和住下场的标签，到处乱跑，我定要觉得羞耻的。" + + 因为和朱丽亚调情的事，这两个人自抱着怨恨。 + + "查理，你这意思倒很有趣。"督克斯说，"性交不过是谈话的另一种形式，不过谈话是把字句说出来，而性交却是把字各项做出来罢了。我觉得这是很对的。我以为我们既可以和女子们交换时好时坏的意见。也尽可以和她们交换性欲的感觉和情绪。性交可以说是男女间肉体的正常的谈话，谈起来也会是索然无味的。同样的道理，假如你和一个女子没有共通的情欲或同情，你便不跟她睡觉。但你是若有了…… + + "你若对一个女人共有了相当的情绪或同情时，你便该和她睡觉。"查里梅说，"和她睡去，这唯一可干的正经话。同样的道理，要是你和谁谈得有味时，你便谈个痛快。这是唯一可干的正经事。你并不假惺惺地咬着舌头不说。那时你是欲罢不能的。和女人睡觉也是这个道理。" + + "不，"韩蒙道，"这话不对。拿你自己来说罢，老梅，你一半的精力浪费在女人身上。你固然有才能，但你决不会干你应该干的事情。你的才能在那另一方面用得太多了。" + + "也许……不过，亲爱的韩蒙，不管你结过婚没有，你的才能却在这一方面用得太少了。你的心灵也许保持着纯洁正直，但是你的心耿是干枯下去的。在我看来，你那纯洁的心灵却干核得和木竿一样。你愈说愈干。" + + 唐米·督克斯不禁大笑起来。 + + "算了罢，你们两个心灵！"他说，"你们看我……。我并不干什么高尚纯洁的心灵工作，我只记取点他人的意见。然而我既不结婚，也不追逐女人。我觉得查里是很对的；要是他想去追逐女人，他很自由地可以不追逐得过火。但是我决不禁止他去追逐。至于韩蒙呢，他有的是占有的天性，因此那迳直的路和狭隘的门自然是适合他的了。你们瞧瞧着罢，他不久便要成为真正的英国文豪，从头到脚都是abc的。至于我自己呢，我什么都说不上，我只是个好花舌的人，你的意见怎样，克利福？你以为性爱是帮助一个男子在世上成功的发电机么？" + + 在这种情境里，克利福是不太说话的。他一向是不当众演说的，他的思想实在缺少力量，他太摸不清头脑而且太易感动了。督克斯的问题使他不安地脸红起来。 + + "晤！"克利福讷讷着说，"无论怎样我想我没有多大的意见……我想，结婚罢，不要多说了，这大概便是我的意见。虽然，在一对相爱的男女之间，房事是一件重要的事，这是当然的了。" + + "怎样重要呢？"督克斯问道。 + + "啊……那可以促进亲密。"克利福说，这种谈话使他不安得象一个女子一样。 + + "好，查里和我都相信性交是一种互通声气的方法，象说话一样。要是一个女子开始同我作性的谈话，自然时机一到，我便要把这种谈话同她到床上去完成。不幸的是没有女子同我开始谈这种话，所以我只好独自上床去，而我的身子也不见得有什么更坏……至少我这佯希望，因为我怎么知道呢？无论如何，我没有什么天文计算要被妨碍，也没有什么不朽的著作要写，我只是个隐匿在军队里的懒汉罢了。" + + 房子里沉静下来了。四个男子在吸烟。康妮坐在那儿，一针一针地做活……是人，她坐在那儿，她得一声不响地坐在那儿。她得象一个耗子似的静坐在那儿，不去打扰这些知识高超的贵绅们的每项重要的争论。她不得不坐在那儿；没有她，他们的谈话便没有这么起劲；他们的意见便不能这么自由发挥了。没有康妮，克利福便要变成更局促，更不安，更易烦躁，谈话便无生气。唐米·督免斯是最健谈的；康妮的在场，有点使他觉得兴致勃然。她不大喜欢韩蒙，她觉得他在心灵上是个自私自利的人，至于查理·梅，她虽然觉得他有的地方可喜，却有点讨厌他，管他的什么星象。 + + 多少晚上，康妮坐在那儿听这四个人或其他一二个人的讨论！他们的讨论从来没有什么结果，她也不觉得多大的烦恼。她喜欢听他们的心曲，特别是唐米在座的时候，那是有趣的。他们并不吻你，摸触你，便是他们却把心灵向你盘托出。那是很有趣的。不过他们的心是多么冷酷啊. + + 然而有时也有点令她觉得讨厌。他们一提起蔑克里斯的名，便盛气凌人地骂他是杂种的幸运者，是无教育的最贱的下流人，但是康妮却比较尊重他。不论他是不是杂种的下流人，他却一直向目的地走去。他并不仅仅用无限的言词，到处去夸耀精神生活。 + + 康妮并不讨厌原始精神生活；并且她还从中得到奋激，但是她觉得人们把精神生活的好处说得太过于铺张扬历了。她很喜欢那香烟的烟雾参加这些"密友夜聚"——这是她私下起的名字，她觉得很有趣，而且觉得自得，因为没有她默默在座的时候，他们连谈话都不起劲。但无论如何、那儿有个深不可解的神秘，他们空洞地、无结果地谈论着，但是谈论的究竟是什么，她怎么也不能知道。而蔑克里斯也弄不明白。但蔑克并不想做什么，他只求明哲保身，竭力哄骗人家，正如人家之竭力哄骗他一样。他实在是反对社会的，这是克利福的他的密友们都反对他的缘故。克利福和他的密友们是拥护社会的；他们多少是在拯救人类，至少是想开导人类的。 + + 星期日的晚上，有个起劲的聚谈，话柄又转到爱情上。 + + "祝福把我们的心结合为一的联系，……"唐米·督克斯说，"我很知道这联系究竟是什么……此刻把我们结合起来的联系，是我们的精神的交触。除此以外，我们间的联系的确少极了。我们一转过了背，便互相诋毁起来，象所有其他的该死的知识分子一样，象所有的该死的人一样，因为所有的人都这么干。不然的话，我们便把这些互相诋毁的话，用甜言蜜语隐藏起来。说也奇怪，精神生活，若不植于怨恨里和不可名状的无底的深恨里，就好象便不会欣欣向荣似的。这是一向就这样的！看看苏格拉底和拍拉图一类人罢！那种深假如大恨，那种以诽谤他人为无上快乐的态度，不论是他们的敌人普罗塔哥拉斯(proagoras)或是任何人！亚尔西比亚得斯(alcibides)和其他所有的狐群狗党的弟子们都加入作乱！这使我们宁可选择那默默地坐在菩提树下的佛，或是那毫无诡谲狡猾的心而和平地向弟子们说教的耶酥。不，精神生活在根本上就有什么毛病。它是植根于仇恨与嫉、嫉与仇恨之中的。你看了果子便知道树是什么了。" + + "我就不相信我们大家都这样仇恨的。"克利福抗议说。 + + "我亲爱的克利福，想想我们大家互相品评的样子罢。我自己比任何人都坏。因为我宁愿那自然而然的仇恨，而不愿那做作的甜言蜜语。做作的甜言蜜语就是毒药。当我们开始说克利福是个好人这一类的恭维话时，那是因为克利福太可怜了的缘故。天呀，请你们说我的坏话罢，这一来我却知道你们还看得起我。千万别甜言蜜语，否则我便完了！" + + "啊！但是我相信我们彼此是诚实地相爱的。"韩蒙说。 + + "我告诉你，我们安得不相爱……因为我们在背地里都说彼此的坏话！我自己便是一个顶坏的人。" + + "我相信你把精神生活和批评活动混在一起了。苏格拉底在批评活动上给了一个大大的推动，这点我是和你的意见一致的，但是他的工作并不尽于此。"查里·梅煞有介事地说。他们这班密友们，表面上假装谦虚，实在都是怪自命不凡的。他们骨子里是目空一切。却地装出那低首下气的神气。 + + 督克斯不愿再谈苏格拉底了。 + + "的确，批评和学问是两回事。"韩蒙说。 + + "当然，那是两回事。"巴里附和说。巴里是个褐色头发的羞怯的青年，他来这儿访督克斯，晚上便在这儿过夜了。 + + 大家都望着他，仿佛听见驴子说了话似的。 + + "我并不是在讨论学问……我是在讨论精神生活。"督克斯笑着说，"真正的学问是从全部的有总识的肉体产生出来的；不但从你的脑里和精神里产生出来，而且也从你的肚里和生殖器钳制其他一切。这两种东西便只好批评而抹煞一切了。这两种东西只好这样做。这是很重要的问题。我的上帝，我们现在的世界需要批评……致命的批评。所以还是让我们过着精神的生活，‘尽量的仇恨，而把腐旧的西洋镜戳穿罢。’但是你注意这一点：当你过着你的生活时，你至少是参与全生活的机构的一部分。但是你一开始了精神生活后，你就等于把苹果从树上摘了下来；你把树和苹果的关系——固有的关系截断了。如果你在生命里只有精神生活，那么你是从树上掉下来了……你自己就是一个摘下来的苹果了。这一来，你便逻辑地不得不要仇恨起来，正如一个摘下来的苹果，自然地不得不要腐坏一样。" + + 克利福睁着两眼，这些活对他是毫无意义的。康妮对自己暗笑着。 + + "好，那么我们都是摘下来的苹果了。"韩蒙有点恼怒地说。 + + "既是这样，让我们把自己来酿成苹果酒好了。"查里说。 + + "但是你觉得波尔雪维克主义怎样？"那褐色头发的巴里问道，仿佛这些讨论应庐归结到这上面似的； + + "妙哪！"查里高叫道，"你觉得波尔雪维克主义怎样？" + + "算了罢！让我们把波尔雪维克主义切成肉酱罢！"督克斯说。 + + "我恐怕波尔雪维克主义是个太大的问题。"韩蒙摇着头郑重地说。 + + "在我看来，"查理说，"波尔雪维克主义就是对于他们所谓的布尔乔亚的一种极端的仇屈服主义；至于布尔乔亚是什么？却没有确实的界说。它倾向资本主义，这是界说之一。感情和情绪是决然地布尔乔亚的，所以你得发明一个无感情无情绪的人。" + + "其次谈到个人主义，尤其是个人，那也布尔乔亚，所以定要铲除。你得淹没在更伟大的东西下面。在苏维埃社会主义下面。甚至有机体也是布尔乔亚，所以。归高理想机械。机械是唯一个体的、无机体的东西。由许多不同的但都是基要的部分组合而成。每个人都是机械的一部分。这机器的推动力是仇恨……对布尔乔亚的仇恨。在我看来，波尔雪维克主义便是之样。" + + "的确！"康米说，"但是你这篇话，我觉得也可以作为工业理想的确切写照；简言之，那便是工厂主人的理想，不过他定要否认推动力是仇恨罢了。然而推动力的确是仇恨；驿于生命本身的仇恨。瞧瞧米德兰这些地方罢，不是到处都是仇恨么，但那是精神生活的一部分；那是台乎逻辑的发展。" + + "我否认波尔雪维克主义是合乎逻辑的，它根本就反对前提上的大前提。"韩蒙说道。 + + "但是，亲爱的朋友，它却不反对物质的前提；纯粹的精神主义也不反对这物质的前提……甚至只有这物质的前提它才接受呢。" + + "无论如何，波尔雪维克主义已经达到事物的绝底了。"查里说。 + + "绝底！那是无底的底！波尔雪维克主义者不久便要有世界上最精的、机械设备最佳的军队了。" + + "但是这种仇恨的状态是不能持久下去的，那定要引起反动的……"韩蒙说。 + + "那，我们已经等候多年了……我们还要再等呢。仇恨是和别的东西一样日见滋长的。那是我们的最深固的天性受了强暴的必然结果；我们强迫我们的最深固的感情，去适合某种理想。我们用一种公式推动我们自己，象推动一部机械一样，逻辑的精神自以为可以领导一切，而一切却变成纯粹的仇恨了。我们都是波尔雪维克主义者，不过我们假仁假义罢了。俄国人是不假仁假义的波尔雪维克主义者。" + + "但是除了苏维埃这条路外，还有许多其他的路呀。"韩蒙说，"波尔雪维克主义者们实在是不聪明的。" + + "当然不，但是如果你想达到某种目的，有时候愚蠢是一种聪明方法。我个人认为波尔雪维主义者，不过我们另起一个名称罢了。我们相信我们是神……象神一样的人！波尔雪维克主义者，我们便得有人性，有心，有生殖器……因为神和波尔雪维克主义者都是一样的：他们太好了，所以就不真实了。" + + 大家正在不满意的沉默着，巴里突然不安地问道： + + "那么你相信爱情罢，唐米，是不是？" + + "可爱的孩子！"唐米说，"不，我的小天使，十有九我不相信；爱情在今日也不过有许多愚蠢的把戏中之一种罢了。那些娇媚态的登徒子们，和那些喜欢爵士舞，屁股小得象领钮般的小妮子们苟合，你是说这种爱情呢？还是那种财产共有，指望成功，我的丈夫我的太太的爱情呢？不，我的好朋友，我一点儿也不相信！" + + "但是你总相信点什么东西罢？" + + "我？啊，理智地说来，我相信要有一个好心，一条生动的阳具，一个锐利的智慧，和在一位高尚的妇女面前说妈的屎的勇气。" + + "那么这种种你都具有了。"巴里说。 + + 唐米·督克斯狂笑起来。"你这个好孩子！要是我真具有这种种，那就好了！不，我的心麻木得象马铃薯一样，我的阳具萎垂不振，若要我在我的母亲和姑母面前说妈的屎！，我宁可干脆地把这阳具割了……她们都是真正的高尚妇女，请你注意；而且我实在是没有什么智慧，我只是个附庸精神生活的人。有智慧，这是多么美好的事情！有了智慧，一个人全身的各部分——便或不便说出的各部分，都要活泼起来。阳具对于任何真正有智慧的人都要指正起头来说：你好？勒努瓦说过，他的画是用他的阳具画出来的……的确的，他的画是多么美！我真想也用我的阳具作些什么事情。上帝奈何一个人只能这么说！这是地狱里添多了一种酷刑！那是苏格拉底发端的。" + + "但是世界上也有好女子呢。"康妮终于拾起头来说。大家听了都有些怨她……她应该装聋作哑才是。这一种谈话她竟细细地听，那使他们大不高兴了。 + + "我的上帝？要是她们对我来说不好，她们好又与我何干？" + + "不，那是没有办法的，我简直不能和一个女子共鸣起来，没有一个女子使我在她面前的时候觉得真正需要她，而我也不打算勉强我自己……上帝，不，我将依然故我的度我的精神生活。这是我所能做的唯一的正经事。我可以和女子们谈天，而得到很大的乐趣！你以为怎样，我的小朋友？" + + "要是一个人能够保持着这种纯洁的生活，是就可以少掉许多麻烦了。"巴里说。 + + "是的，生活是太单调了！" + + + + 第五章 + + 一个二月的有淡淡阳光的降霜的早晨，克利福和康妮出去散步，穿过大花园向树林里走去，克利福驶着他的小自动车，康妮在他旁边步行。 + + 寒冷的空气里依然带着硫磺气味，但是他们俩都已习惯于这种气味了。近处的天边，笼罩着一种蛋白石色的霜和烟混成雾，顶上便是一块小小的青天。因此；使人觉得是被磁禁在一个圈子里，老是在圈子里。生命老是象个梦幻或疯狂，被关禁在一个圈子里。 + + 一些绵羊在园中的干枯的乱草丛里嗤喘着，那儿的草窝里积着一些带蓝色的霜，一条浅红色的小路，象一条美丽的带子似的，婉蜒地横过大花园直至树林门口。克利福新近才叫人在这小路上铺了一层从煤坑边取来的筛过的沙砾。这些焚烧过而没有硫磺味的沙砾。在天气干燥的时候，呈着鲜明的浅红的虾色，在天气阴湿的时候，便呈着更浓的蟹色。现在这条小路是呈着淡谈的虾色，上面铺着灰白带蓝的薄霜、康妮很喜欢这条铺着细沙的鲜玫瑰色的路径。天下事有时是有弊亦有利的。 + + 克利福小心地从他们的房屋所在的小山丘上，向着斜坡驶了下去。康妮在旁边用手扶着车子。树林在他们的面前展开着，最近处是擦树丛林，稍远处便是带紫色的浓密的橡树林。树林的边缘，一些兔子在那儿跳跃着或咀嚼着，一群小乌鸦突然地飞了起来，在那小小的天空里翱翔而过。 + + 康妮把树林的门开了，克利福慢慢地驶了过去，到了一条宽大的马路。这马路向着一个斜坡上去，两旁是修剪得很整齐的擦林。这树林是从前罗宾汉打猎的大森林的残余，而这条马路是从前横经这个乡野的很古很古的大道。但是现在，这只是一条私人树林里的马路了。从曼斯非尔德来的的路，至此往北折转。 + + 树林里，一切都静息着。地上千叶子的背面藏着一层范霜。一只鸟粗哑地叫着，许多小鸟震着翼。但是这儿已没有供人狞猎的野兽，也没有雄鸡。因为在大战时都给人杀光了。树林也荒着没人看管，一直到现在，克利福才再雇了一个守猎的人。 + + 克利福深爱这个树林，他深爱那些老橡树。他觉得它们经过了许多世代都是属于他的，他要保护它们，他要使这个地方不为人所侵犯，紧紧地关闭着，使之与世界隔绝。 + + 小车子馒慢地驶上斜坡，在冰陈了的泥块上颠簸着前进，忽然左边现出一块空地，只有一丛枯稿了的蕨草，四下杂布着一些斜倾的细长的小树，几根锯断了的大树桩，毫无生气地露着顶和根；还有几处乌黑的地方，那是樵夫们焚烧树枝乱草和废物过后的痕迹。 + + 这是大战中佐费来男爵伐木以供战壕之用的一个地方，在马路的右边渐次隆起的圆丘，一片光溜溜，怪荒芜的。圆丘的顶上，从前有的很多橡树，现在一株也没有了。在那儿，你从树梢上望去，可以看见煤矿场的铁道和史曲门的新工厂。康妮站在那儿远眺着。这儿是与世界隔绝的树林中的一个开口。从这开口即使可与世相通。但是她并不告诉克利福。 + + 这块光地，常常便克利福觉得非常地忿怒。他曾参与大战，他知道战争是怎么一回事，但是大战并没有使他忿怒，直至他看见了这光溜溜的小山之后，才真正地忿怒起来。他现在正叫人重新植些树木。不过这小山使他看了便怨恨他的父亲。 + + 小车儿徐徐地向上前进，克利福坐在车里，呆板地向前望着。当他们到了最高处时，他把车停住，他不肯向那不平的斜坡冒险下去了。他望着那条马路向下降落里在蕨草和橡树中间形成的一个开口。这马路在小山脚下拐弯而淹没，但是它的迂回是这样的美好而自然，令人联想起往日的骑士们和乘马的贵妇们在这儿行乐的情形。 + + "我认为这儿是真正的英格兰的心。"在二月谈淡的阳光下坐着的克利福对康妮这样说。 + + "是吗？"康妮说着，却听见了史德门煤矿场发来的十一点钟的气笛声。克利福是太习惯于这声音了，他一点也没有注意。 + + "我要使这个树林完整……。谁也不许侵犯它。"克利福说。 + + 克利福这话里，带着某种愤慨悲伤的情绪。这树林还保存着一点荒野的老英格兰时代的什么神秘东西，但是大战时候佐佛来罗爵的伐木却把它损伤了。那些树木是多么静穆，无数弯曲的树枝向天空上伸，灰色的树干，倔强地从棕色的蕨草丛中直立！鸟雀在这些树木间飞翻着，多么安稳！从前，这儿有过鹿，有过弓手，也有过骑驴得得地经过的道士。这地方还没有忘记，还追忆着呢。 + + 克利福静坐着，灰白和阳光照着他的光滑的近全栗色的头发，照着他的圆满红润的、不可思议的脸孔。 + + "当我来到这儿时，我比平时尤其觉得无后的缺憾。"他说。 + + "但是这树林比你的家族还要老呢。"康妮温和地说。 + + "的确！"克利福说。"但这是我们把它保存的。没有我们，它定已消灭了，象其余的森林似的早巳消灭了，我们定要保存点老英格兰的东西。" + + "一定要么？"康妮说，"甚至这老英格兰不能自已存在，甚至这老英格兰是反对新英格兰的东西，连英格兰本身都要没有了。"克利福说。"我们已有着这块土，而且我们爱它，那么定要保存它。" 两人忧郁地静默了一会。 + + "是的，在一个短时间内。"康妮说。 + + "在一个短时间内！这是我们仅能做到的，我们只能尽我们的职份。我觉得自从我们有这块地以来，我们家族中每个男子都曾在这儿尽过他的职份，一个人可以超越习俗之外，但是传统惯例是定要维持的。" 他们又静默了一会。 + + "什么传统惯例？"康妮问。 + + "英格兰的传统惯例！就是这个！" + + "啊！"她徐徐地说。 + + "这是不得不有个儿子的原因，一个人不过是一条链索中的一环啊。"他说。 + + 康妮并不喜欢这链索的话，但是她并不说什么，她觉得他那种求子的欲望是怪异地不尽人情的。 + + "可惜我们不能有个儿子。"他说。 + + 他的淡蓝色的眼睛凝视着她。 + + "要是你能和另一个男人生个儿子，那也许是件好事。"他说，"要是我们把这孩子在勒格贝养大，他便要成为我们和这块地方的。我不太相信什么父道，要是我们养他，他便是我们的，而继承我们。你不觉得这是件值得考虑的事么？" + + 康妮终于抬起眼睛向他望着。孩子，她的孩子，于他是个物件似的，是个物件似的！ "但是另一个什么男人呢？"她问道。 + + "那有什么大关系？难道这种事情和我们有什么很大的影响么？……你在德国时不是有过情人么？……现在怎么了？不是差不多什么都没有了么？我觉得在生命里，我们所做的那些小动作，和我们与他人发生的那些小关系，并不怎么重要。那一切都要消逝。而且谁知道那一切都消逝到哪儿去了呢，哪儿是旧年的自已……在一个人生命中能持久的东西，这才是重要的东西。我自己的生命，在她的长久的持续与发展里，于我是重要的，但是与人发生的偶尔关系，特别是那偶尔的性的关系，有什么重要呢？这种种关系，如果人不把它们可笑的夸大起来，事情便象鸟交尾似地过去。事情本来应该这样，那有什么重要呢？重要的是终身的结合，重要的是一天一天的共同生活并不是那一两次的苟合。你和我，无论发生怎样的事情，我们终是夫妻。我们彼此习惯着在一块。我觉得习惯是比任何偶尔的兴奋都重要的。我们所凭以生活的，是那长久的、缓慢的、持续的东西，并不是什么偶然的瞬息的快感。两个人住在一块，一步一步地达到一致。他们的感觉密切地交贯着。结婚的真谛便是这个，并不是性行为，尤其不是那简单的性作用。你和我由结婚而互相联系着。命运已经不幸地把我们的肉体关系斩断了，我们只要能够维持着结婚的基本东西，这性的问题我想终可以容易解决的——不见得比找牙种医生治牙更难解决的。" + + 康妮坐在那儿，在一种惊愕和恐怖的情绪中听着，她不知道他说得究竟有理还是无理。她爱蔑克里斯，至少她自己这样想。但是她的爱不过是她和克利福的结婚生活中的一种开心的小旅行罢了。她和克利福的结婚生活，那便是由多年的苦痛和忍耐所造成的又长又慢的亲密的习惯。也许人类的灵魂是需要些开心的小旅行的，而且不可去拒绝这个需要的。但是所谓旅行，那是终得归家来的。 + + "无论什么男人使我生的孩子你都不介意么"她问道。 + + "用得着么，康妮？我相信你的选择的本能是高尚的。你决不会让一个坏男人接触你的。" + + 她想起了蔑克里斯！他是克利福所认为坏男人的那种人。 + + "但是，男人和女人对于坏男人的看法也许是不同的。"她说。 + + "不见得。"他答道，"你是看重我的。我不相信你要找个我所绝不喜欢的男人，你一定不会那样做的，。 + + 她静默着，逻辑谬误到绝点时，是不容人答辨的。 + + "我要是有了个男人，你要我告诉你么？"她偷偷地向他望了一望。 + + "一点也不要。我还是不知道的好……不过，偶尔的性行为，和长久的共同生活比起来，那不算什么，这一点你和我意见一致，是不是？你相信长久的共同生活比性欲的事更重要吧？我们已到了不得不如此的地步，那么在性欲上只好请便罢，是不是？总之，那些一瞬的兴奋有什么重要关系呢？难道生命的整个问题，不是在累车积月地、慢慢地、创造一个完备的人格么？不是生活于一种完备的生活中么？一种不完备的生活是没有意义的。如果缺少性的满足使你不完备，那么找一个对手去。如果没有儿子使你不完备，那么，只要你能够，生个孩子罢，不过，做这种事要以获得一个完备的生活为目的。要以获得一个长久而和谐的完备生活为目的。这，你和我是可以共同去做的……你说是不是……我们是能够，如果我们能使自己适应于需要，而同时把这种适应和我们持久的共同生活打成一片。你的意见是不是这样？" + + 康妮觉得有点给这些话语压倒了。她知道他在理论上是对的。但是在事实上，当她考虑到和他过着那种持续的生活时……她不禁犹豫了。难道真是她的命中注定了，要把她今后的一生都断送给这个人么？就这样完结了么？ + + 只这样就完结了么？她只好知足地去和他组成一种持续的共同生活，组成一块布似的，也许偶尔地，在这布上绣上一朵浪漫的花。但是她怎能知道明年她又要如何感觉呢？谁能知道？谁能说一个年年有效的"是"字？这个小小的"是"，是一出气便溜出来的！一个人为什么定要对这轻如蝴蝶的一个安负长久的责任呢？这个小字儿，当然要象蝴蝶似地飘飘飞逝，好让其他的"是"和"不"替上的！ + + "我相信你是对的，克利福。就我所能判断的说，我和你意见相同，不过生活也许要完全改变面目的。" + + "但是生活没有完全改变面目以前，你是同意罢？" + + "呵，是的！我相信我的确同意。" + + 她看见了头棕色的猎犬，从路穷的小径里跑了出来，向他们望着，举着嘴，轻轻吠着，一个带着枪的人，轻快地跟着猩犬，向他们走来．仿佛要向他们攻击的样子。但是他突然站住了，向他们行了一个礼，然后回转头向山下走去，这不过是个新来的守猎人，但是他却把康妮吓了一跳，他出现得这样的突然，象是一种骤然的威吓，从虚无中跑出来。 + + 这人穿着深绿色的线绒衣，带着脚绊……老式的样子，红润的脸孔，红的髭须，和冷淡的眼睛。他正迅速地向山下走。 + + "梅乐士！"克利福喊道。 + + 那人轻快地回转了身，迅速地用一种姿势，行了个兵士的礼。 + + "你可以把我的车子转过来，再把它推动吗？这样比较好走一些。"克利福说。 + + 那人马上把枪挂在肩上，用那种同样的奇异的姿态走了上来，又敏捷又从容好象他要使自己不能人看见似的。他是中等的身材，有点消瘦，很缄默，他一点也不看康妮，只望着那车子。 + + "康妮，这是新来的守猎人，叫梅乐士。你还没有和太太说过话罢，梅乐士？" + + "没有，先生。"这回答又快又冷淡。 + + 这人脱下了他的帽子，露着他的浓密的近金栗色的头发。他用那种充分的，无惧的、平淡的视线，向康妮的眼里直望着，好象他要看看她是怎样一个人似的，他使她觉得羞怯。她羞怯地低下了头。他把帽子放在左手里，微微地向她鞠了一个躬，象个绅士似的。但是他一句话也不说，他手里拿着帽子，站在那儿静默了一会。 + + "你在这儿有些日子了吧，是不是？"康妮问他道。 + + "八个月了，太太……男爵夫人！"他镇静地改正了称呼说。 + + "你喜欢在这儿吗？" + + 她望着他的眼睛，他带着讥讽的，也许是鲁莽的神气，把眼睛闭了一半。 + + "啊，是的，谢谢你，夫人！我是在这儿生长的……"他又轻轻地鞠了一个躬，然后回转身去，把帽子带上，走过去握着车子，他的声调，说到最后几个字时带着沉重的拖连的音……也许这也是由于侮慢罢，因为他开头说话时，并不带一点儿土音的。他差不多可说是个绅士呢，无论如何，他是一个奇异的、灵敏的、孤独的人，虽然孤独，但他却有自信心。 + + 克利福把机器开动了，那人小心地把车子移转过来；使它面向着那渐次地向着幽间的榛林下去的山直线。 + + "还有什么事么，克利福男爵？"他问道。 + + "是的，你还是跟我们去好，万一车子走不动了的话，这机器上山用实在是不够力的。" + + 那人的眼睛，专心地探望着他的猎犬,猎犬望着他，微微地摇着尾巴，一种轻轻的微笑，嘲讽的或戏弄的但是和蔼的微笑，显现在那人的眼里，一会儿便消失了，他的脸上也毫无表情了。他们下着山坡，车子走得有点快，那人扶着车背，使它安稳地前进，他的神气，与其说是仆役，不如说是个自由的兵士。他有点什么地方使康妮想起了唐米·督克斯。 + + 当他们来到擦树丛林时，康妮突然跑到前头去把窗门打开了。康妮扶着那扇开着的门，两个男人经过时都向她望着，克利福带着非常的神气，另一个是带着一种冷静的惊异的样子，想看看她究竟是怎样一个人，她看见他的蓝色的平淡的眼睛里，带着一种苦痛的超脱的神情，但是这眼睛里有着一种什么热力，但是他为什么这样的孤高，这样的远隔呢？ + + 当他们通过园门后，克利福把车子停住了，那个人赶忙跑了回去，谦恭地把园门关好。 + + "你为什么那样忙着开门呢？这事梅乐士会做的。"克利福问道，他的镇静泰然的声音，表示着他是不高兴的。 + + "我想这样你可以一直开进去，不必停着等。"康妮说。 + + "那么让你在后面跑着赶上来么？"克利福问道。 + + "呵！我有时倒喜欢跑一跑呢？" + + 梅乐士回来重新扶着车子，好象什么都没有听见的样子，可是康妮却觉得他留意着一切，当他在林园里推着车子上那有点峻峭的山丘时，他嘴唇张着，呼吸有点急了起来。他并不怎样强壮呵！虽然他是奇异地充满着生气，但是他是有点脆弱和干涸的。她的妇人的本能感知这个。 + + 康妮跟在后边，让车子继续前行，天色变成了灰暗了，雾环绕着的那块小青天合拢了，好象盖上了盖子似的。这时天气严冷起来，雪就要下了，一切都是灰色，全是灰色！世界好象是衰疲了。 + + 车子在那浅红色的路尽头等着，克利福转头来看康妮来了没有。 + + "不累吗？"他问道。 + + "啊，不！"她说。 + + 但是她实在是累了。一种奇异的疲乏的感觉，一种渴慕着什么，不满着什么的感觉，充满着她。克利福并没有注意到：这种事情不是他所能知觉的。但是那个生疏的人却觉晓着，康妮觉得在她的环境和她的生命里，一切都衰败了，她觉得她的不满的心情，比那些小山还要古老。 + + 他们到了屋前，车子绕到后门去，那儿是没有阶沿的。好容易克利福从那小车里把自己投到家里用的轮椅里。他的两臂是又敏捷又有力的。然后康妮把他那沉重的两条死了的腿搬了了过去。 + + 那守猎人，一边等待着主人的辞退，一边端详地、无遗地注视着这一切，当他看见康妮把克利福的两条死腿抱起来放到轮椅里去时，他恐怖得脸色苍白起来。他觉得惊骇了。 + + "梅乐士，谢谢你的帮忙。"克利福漠然地说，说着把椅子向走廊里滚去。 + + "没有别的事情了么，先生？"那平淡、象在做梦的声音说道。 + + "没有了，早安！" + + "早安。先生。" + + "早安！谢谢你把车子推上山来……我想你不觉得太重吧？"康妮望着门外的那个守猎的人说道。他的眼睛立刻和她的相遇了，好象梦中醒转的样子。他的心里已有了她了。 + + "呵，不，不重"他迅速地说。然后他的声音又带了那沉重的土腔："夫人，早安！" + + 午餐的时候，康妮问道："你的守猎人是谁？" + + "梅乐士！你已经见过他了。"克利福说。 + + "是的，但是他是从哪儿来的？" + + "从虚无中来的。这是达娃斯哈人……一个煤矿工厂的儿子，我相信。" + + "他自己也曾做过矿工吗？" + + "做过矿场的铁匠，我相信，做过铁匠的工头。在大战前……在他没有去投这国以前，他曾在这儿当过两年守猎人。我的父亲很看得起他；所以当他回来要在矿场里再当铁匠的时候，我叫他到这儿再当守猎人，我实在很喜欢得到他……在这儿要找个好的守猎人，差不多是件不可能的事……那非要一个熟识附近居民的人不行的。" + + "他结了婚没有？" + + "他曾结过婚。不过他的女人跟了几个不同的男子……最后是跟了一个史德门的矿工走了。我相信她现在还在史德门罢。" + + "那么他现在是孤身一个人了？" + + "多少是！他有个母亲住在村里……他还有一个孩子，我相信。" + + 克利福用他那无光彩的稍为突出的蓝眼睛望着她，这眼睛里显现着某种暗昧的东西。在外表上看来，他好象是精明活泼的，但是在背面，他便同米德兰一带的气氛似的，烟雾沉沉。这烟雾好象蔓延起来，所以当他用那奇特的样子注视着康妮，一边简明地回答着她的问话时，她觉得克利福的心灵的背后，给烟雾和虚无充满了。这使她害怕起来，这种神气使他似乎失去了人性，而差不多成为一个白痴了。 + + 模糊地，她感悟了人类灵魂的一条伟大的法则，那便是当一个人受了创伤的打击，而肉体没有被击死的时候，灵魂便好象和肉体一样痊愈起来，但这只是外表罢了，实在那不过是习惯恢复过来的一种机械作用。慢慢地，慢慢地，灵魂的创伤开始显露，好象一个伤痕，起极是轻微的，但是慢慢地它的痛楚加重起来，直至把灵魂的全部充满了。正当我们相信自己是痊愈了，而且把它忘记了的时候，那可怖的反应才最难忍受是被人觉察出来。 + + 克利福正处在这种情境中，当他觉得"痊愈"时，当他回到勒格贝时，他写着小说，相信着无论怎样他的生命是安全了，他好象把过去不幸的遭遇忘记了，而精神的均衡也恢复了。但是现在，一年一年地过去了，慢慢地，慢慢地，康妮觉得那可惊可怖的创伤回复起来，把他布满了。好些日子以来，那创伤是深伏着，好象没有那回事似地不被人觉察，现在，这创伤徐徐地在惊悸的、几乎是疯痪的开展中使人觉着了。精神上，他仍然是安好的，但是那疯瘫——那太大的打击过后的创伤——渐渐地开展在他的感觉之中了。 + + 虽然那创伤是在他身上开展，康妮却觉得开展到她身上来了。一种对于所有事物的内在的惊怖，空虚、冷淡，一步一步地开展在她的灵魂里了，当克利福好的时候，他还能兴致勃勃地谈论，或可以说是，他还能支配将来，譬如在树林里时，他还对她说着要有个孩子给勒格贝一个继承的人。但是第二天，这一切漂亮话只象是些枯死的树叶，绉缩着而成为碎粉，毫无意义，一阵风便给吹散了。这些话并不是有真生命的苍经的树上叶子，富有青春力量。它们只是一个无目的的生命的一阵落叶。 + + 她不觉得一切都是无目的的。这娃斯哈的矿工又说着要罢工了，而康妮觉得那不是力量的表现，那不过是大战留下的一个创伤，隐伏了一些时日后，慢慢浮现出来，而产生了这种不安的大痛苦和不满现状的恐怖。那虚伪的不人道的大战所留下的创伤是太深了，太深了……那定要好些时日，才能使后代人的活血去把深藏在他们的灵魂和肉里面的无限的创伤的黑白块溶解。那定要有一个新的希望才行。 + + 可怜的康妮！岁月悠悠地过去，她在她的生命的空虚之前战栗着。克利福和她自己的精神生活，渐渐地觉得变为空虚了。他们的结婚生活，克利福所常说的那种基于亲密习惯的完备生活，有些日子竟成为完全的空洞。纯粹的虚无了。那只是些漂亮的言词。全是些漂亮的言词。在这些虚伪的言词上面，唯一的真实就是空虚。 + + 当然，那儿也有克利福的成功，那成功的财运，他差不多是著名了，他的书一年可以赚一千镑，他的像片随处都是；在一个画展里有一幅他的半身像，还有其它两处画展也有他的肖像在。他的作品似乎是最入时中最入时的东西。凭他的宣传的本能，那残废者的奇异的本能，在四五年之间，他已成为青年"知识界"中最出名的一个了。康妮就不太清楚究竟才智在哪里。的确，克利福幽默地对于人的分析，动机的考究，未了把一切弄成碎片，在这一点上，他的技巧是很出色的，但是那有些象小狗儿的戏滤，把沙发上的垫枕撕了个破碎的样子，不同的便是克利福并不是那样天真，那样戏谑，而是奇异地老成持重，和固执地夸张自大罢了。"那是怪异的，空虚的。"这便是康妮的灵魂深处所反复地觉着的："那一切都是空虚，一个空虚的、令人惊异的炫耀。"然而，那终是一个炫耀！一个炫耀！一个炫耀啊！ + + 蔑克里斯把克利福拿来做他的一个剧本的中心人物；剧情已经拟好，第一幕也已经写完了。因为蔑克里斯对于空虚的炫耀。比克利福更高明。他们这些人的所有的热情只剩下这个炫耀的热情，在性欲上，他们是没有热情的，甚至是死的。现在，蔑克里斯所欲望的不是金钱了，克利福呢，他从来就没有把金钱看得最重要，但是他能够弄钱时还是不肯放松的。因为金钱是成功的象征。成功，这便是他们所欲望的。他们俩都想弄个美丽的炫耀，凡一个人所能做到的自我的炫耀全做出来，以博得民众一时欢心。 + + 奇怪哟，这种对于财运的卖身。自从康妮跳出了这圈套以来，自从她惊愕得麻木了以来，这一切只是空虚。甚至这种对于财运的卖身，克利福快活得很，他又要在炫耀之中了，而这一次，却是他人把他来炫耀，而且是有利于自己的炫耀呢。他请蔑克里斯把写就了的第一幕带到地勒格贝来。 + + 蔑克里斯来了：那是夏天，他穿着一套灰白的衣裳，戴着羔皮的手套。他带了些可爱的浅紫色的兰花给康妮。第一幕的读出是个大大的成功。甚至康妮也迷醉了……迷醉到骨髓里了。蔑克里斯呢，他也迷醉了——为了他自已有这样迷醉入的能力。在康妮的眼睛里，他这时真是卓越非凡，而且十分漂亮。她从他身上，看出了一种再不迷于幻景的人类的古老的滞息情态，一种极端的不纯洁，而这不纯洁到了极端，也许说是纯洁的。在他的至高无上的卖身于财运的远处看来，他似乎是纯洁的，纯洁得象非洲的象牙面具似的。那象牙面具上的阴处和阳处的不纯洁，都给梦幻变为纯洁了。 + + 当他使查太莱夫妇神迷惊服的时候，这是蔑克里斯生命中最可贵的片刻，他已经成功了，他使他们惊服了，甚至克利福一时都钟情于他了……如果我们可以这样说的话。 + + 第二天，蔑克显得比一向更不安：躁急着，自抑着，两只不安的手插在裤袋里，康妮在夜间没有去找他；而他又不知到哪间屋去找她。正值他在得意的时候，这种撩人的风情真好苦人呵！ + + 他跑到楼上她的起坐室里去。她知道他要来的。她看出了他的不安。他问她对于那幕剧的意见……她是否觉得好！他需要受人赞美，那可以给他一种微妙的热情的颤战，这颤战比性欲极度满足时的颤战更甚。她对他的剧本是空虚无物的。 + + "喂！"他最后突然地说道："你和我为什么不把事情干脆地做去呢？为什么我们不结婚呢？" + + "但是我已经结婚了。"她惊愕地说，但是她并不感觉着什么。 + + "呵！那有什么关系！他可以和你离婚的。你问我为什么不结婚呢？我是想结婚的。我知道这对我是最好的事情……结婚而过个正常生活。我现在过的是一种非人的生活，这种生活简直把我的精神和肉体都撕碎了。喂，你看，你和我，我们真是天生一对……好象手和手套一样。我们为什么不结婚呢？你有什么理由不让我们结婚呢？" + + 康妮望着他，惊愕着，但是并不感觉着什么。男人都是一个样儿：他们是不顾一切的。他们象火箭似地向天上冒，而希望你跟着他们的小竿儿同上天去。 + + "但是我是已经结了婚的人了。"她说，"你知道我是不能丢弃克利福的。" + + "为什么不能？为什么不能？"他叫道，"半年一过，他便不觉得你没有了，除了他自己的存在以外，别人的存在于他是无关紧要的。依我所知道，你于他是无用的，他只想着他自己。" + + 康妮觉得这话很真切。但是她也觉得蔑克不过是个自私自利的人罢了。 + + "难道所有的男人不都是只想着他自己么？"她问道。 + + "是的，多少是的，我承认。一个人不得不如此达到他的目的。不过问题并不在这里。问题是一个男人所能给与女人的是什么：他能否使她快乐？要是他不能的，他对这女人便没有权利……"他停着，用他那几乎催眠的，褐色的圆眼睛望着她，"我，我认为我能够给一个女人她所要求的一切幸福。我可以保证这个。" + + "什么样的幸福呢？"康妮问着，总是以那种满是热情，其实毫无感觉的惊愕神气望着他。 "各种各样的幸福和快乐,衣裳，珠宝，无论哪个夜总会，只要你愿意去，无论哪个人，只要你愿意认识；所有的时髦东西……旅行，和到处受人尊重；……总之，各种各样的幸福和快乐。" + + 他洋洋得意地说着，康妮望着他，象是被迷惑着，而实际她却毫无感觉，所有这些金碧辉煌的允诺，连她的心的外表都感动。在其他的时候，她的自我的最外的部分，要是听了蔑克这番话，是要感到颤战的，现在甚至一点感应都没有了。她简直不觉得有任何感觉，她不能"动"。她只是端坐着，象是被迷惑着，实在毫无所感，她不过觉得什么地方有一种钱财的臭味。 + + 蔑克如坐针毯似的，在椅子里身子向前倾图，用一种歇斯底里病者似的神气向她注视着，他究竟是由于虚荣心而期望着她说"是"呢，不是惊悸着她真的说了出来？谁能知道？ + + "我得想一想。"她说，"现在我不能回答你，你可以把克利福看着不算什么，但是他是紧要的。如果你想一想他是多么需要……" + + "老天爷啊，如果一个人细看起我们所需要的东西，我很可以说我是多么孤独无依，一向就是孤独无依而需要跳出这种情态哟。老天爷！如果一个人什么东西都没有，只有拿自己的无能去乞人怜爱……" + + 他转过身去，两只手愤怒地在裤袋里乱动。那天晚上他对她说： + + "今夜你到我的房里来吧，好不好？我不知道你的睡房在哪里。" + + "好罢！"她说。 + + 那晚上，他的奇异的、象孩子似的、脆弱的裸体，比一向更显得他是一个兴奋的人。在他还没有完毕以前，康妮觉得她简直不能得到终极的快感。他的裸体和他的孩子似的软嫩，引起了她的炽热的情欲。他完毕了以后，她在一种狂自的骚动中，摇摆起伏着她的腰部继续下去，而他呢，用着毅力和种牺牲的精神，英武地挺直着在她的里面，直等到她带着奇异的细微的呼喊而得到了她的最高度的快感的时候。 + + 最后，当他从她那儿抽退时，他用一种苦味的，几乎是嘲讽的细声说道： + + "你难道不能和男人一起完毕吗？难道你定要在你觉得喜欢的时刻，一个人自己干着完毕么？" + + 这短短的几句话，在那种时候，是她有生以来少有过的打击。原来他献身与人的那种被动的态度，很显然地便有他交欢的唯一的真样子。 + + "你这话是什么意思？"她说。 + + "你知道是什么意思。我完毕了以后你还是继续着。尽是继续着……我不得不倒悬在那儿，咬紧着牙关，直等到你用你自己的力量干完了才休！" + + 正当她给一种不能以言语形容的快乐燃烧着，正当她滋生着一种对他的爱情的这个时候，这种意外的粗野的话把她惊呆了。毕竟他是象许多现代的男人们一样，差不多一开始就要完毕，因此使妇人不得不以自力活动着。 + + "但是，你愿意我继续下去而得到我自己的满足么？"她说。 + + 他阴沉地笑着，说："我愿意！你真好！你以为我愿意悬在那儿，咬紧着牙关，等你向我冲撞！" + + "但是你不愿意么？"她坚持着说。 + + 他回避着这个问题。"所有的女人都是一样，"他说，要不是她一点儿也不享受，象是死了的样子，便是等男子完了，才来开始使自己享受，男人只好悬在那里等。我还没有碰到一个和我一起享受完毕的女人。" + + 这种新奇的关于男性的知识，康妮只听着一半。她被他那种反对她的感情和他那种不可思议的粗野惊呆了。她觉得真是无辜。 + + "但是你愿意我也得到我的快感吧，是不是？"她重复地说。 + + "啊，算了！我很愿意的。但是一动不动地悬在那儿，等着女人享受，那决不是好玩的事哟。……" + + 这话是康妮有生以来所受到的最残酷的打击。她心里的什么东西被毁灭了。她并不怎样要蔑克；在她没有开头以前，她并不想要他。她好象从来没有真正地想要他。但是，他既然开头了，她觉得那是很自然的要使自己也从他那儿得到快感。为了这个，她几乎爱他了……那晚上，她差不多爱他了，而且想和他结婚了。 + + 也许他本能地知道这个，所以他才那样的粗野，而把一切、一切的海市蜃楼全都破坏了。所有她对他的性感，以至对任何男子的性感，在那晚上都崩毁了。她的生命和他的生命完全地分开了，好象他这个人是从来没有存在过似的。 + + 她继续度着她毫无生气的日子。现在什么也没有了。只有那克利福所谓的完备生活的空壳子，那种两个人彼此习惯着在一个屋顶下面的长日漫漫的共同生涯。 + + 空虚！接受这生命的庞大空虚好象便是生活的唯一目的了。所有那些忙碌的和重要的琐事，组成了空虚的全体！ + + + + 第六章 + + "为什么我们现在，男人和女人都不真正相爱了？"康妮问着唐米·督克斯,他多少象是她的问道之神。 + + "啊，谁说他们不相爱！我相信自人类被创造以来，男女的相爱没有更甚于我们今日了，他们是真情相爱的，拿我们自己来说……我实在觉得女人比男人更可爱。她们的勇气比男人大，我们可以开诚布公地对待她们。" + + 康妮沉思着:"呵，是的，但是你从来就还没有和她们有过什么关系哟！" + + "我？那么我此刻正在做什么？我不是正和一位女人诚恳地谈着话吗？" + + "是的，谈着话……" + + "假如你是一个男子，你想，除了和你诚恳地谈话以外，我还能和你怎样？" + + "也许不能怎样，但是一个女人……" + + "一个女人要你去喜欢她，和她谈话，而同时又要你去爱她，追求她。我觉得这两件事是不能同时并行的。" + + "但是这两件事应该可以并行才是！" + + "无疑地，水不应该这样湿才是呵，水未免太湿了。但是水就是这样湿的！我喜欢女人，和她们谈话，所以我就不爱她们，不追求她们。在我，这两件事是不能同时发生的。" + + "我觉得这两件事是应该可以同时发生的。" + + "好吧。但是事情才就是这样，若定要事情成为别样，这我可没有法子。" + + 康妮默想着。"这不见得是真的，"她说，"男人是可以爱女人，并且和她们谈话的。我不明白男人怎么能够爱她们而不和她们谈话，不和她们亲热。他们怎么能够？" + + "晤，这个我可不知道。"他说，"为什么要一概而论呢？我只知道我自己是这样。我喜欢女人，但是我不追求她们，我喜欢和她们谈话，但是谈话虽然使我在某一种说法上和她们发生亲密，但是一点也不使我想和他们接吻。你看我就是这样！但是不要拿我当作一个一般的例子，也许我正是一个特殊的例子。我是一个喜欢女人但是不爱女人的男人之一，如果她们要迫我装模作样地讲爱情，或做出如胶似漆的样子，我还要恨她们呢。" + + "但是那不使你觉得悲哀吗？" + + "为什么要悲哀？一点也不！当我看见查里·梅和其他许多与女人有关系的男人时……不，我一点也不羡慕他们！如果命运送给我一个我能爱而追求的女人，那好极了。但是我从来就没有得到过这样的女人……我想我是冷淡的；但是有些女人却是我非常喜欢的。" + + "你喜欢我吗？" + + "很喜欢。而你可以看出，在我们之间是没有接吻的问题的，可不是吗？" + + "不错，"康妮说。"但是也许我们之间应该要有这问题吧？" + + "为什么，请问？我喜欢克利福，但是假如我走去抱吻他，你要作何感想？" + + "但是其间没有不同的地方么？" + + "不同的地方在哪里，拿我们来说吧？我们都是没有智慧的人类，男女的关系是放在度外的，放在度外的，如果我突然在此刻玩起那大陆上的男性的把戏，向你显示着性欲，你要觉得怎样？" + + "那我一定要觉得可恨。" + + "你瞧！我告诉你如果我真是个有男性的人，我是永远不会遇着一个和我相投的女人的，可是我并不芥蒂于心。我喜欢女人，那就完了。谁还去迫我爱她们。或假装爱她们，而玩那性的把戏吗？" + + "我决不这样迫你，但是这其中恐怕有些谬误的地方吧？" + + "你也许这样觉得，我却不。" + + "是的，我觉得男女之间有什么不对劲的东西。女人对男人再也没有魔力了。" + + "而男人对女人呢，有没有？" + + 她考虑了问题的那一面。 + + "不甚有。"她诚实地说。 + + "那么好，我们不要再说这个了。只要我们做好人，互相坦直而合礼便得了，至于那不自然的讲爱情，我是绝对地拒绝的！" + + 康妮知道他确是对的。但是他的一番话，使她觉得这样的无主宰，这样的迷悯，她觉得自己好象一枝草梗似地迷失在一个荒凉的池泽上，她的和一切事物的要点在哪里？ + + 那是她的青春反叛了。这些男子仿佛是这样的老，这样的冷淡。一切都仿佛是苍老冷淡。蔑克里斯是这样令人失望，他是毫无用处的。男子们不要你，他们实在不需要一个女人，甚至蔑克里斯也不需要。 + + 而那些坏蛋们，假装着他们需要女人，而发动那性的把戏，这种人比一切更坏。多么悲惨呵！可是一个人不得不忍痛迁就。 + + 那是非常真实的：男人对于女人已没有真正的魔力了，假如你能瞒着你自己去幻想他们还有魔力，正如康妮瞒着她自己去幻想着蔑克里斯还有魔力一样，那是最好的一件事。同时你只是敷衍着生活下去，那是毫无什么的。她很明白人们为什么要有醇酒宴会、爵士音乐和却尔斯登舞……这些宴会的东西。原来你得让青春沉醉。否则青春要把你吞掉。但是，多么可憎呵，这青春！你觉得象麦修彻拉一样老，而这青春却沸腾着，使你坐寐不安。多么卑贱的一种生活！而毫无希望！她几乎真想跟蔑克去，而把她的生活变成一个不尽的醉酒宴会，一个爵士音乐的长夜。无论如何那总比打着哈欠等死为上呢。 + + 一个她觉得不愉快的早晨，她一个人到树林里去散步，沉郁地走着，不留心着什么，甚至不知道她自己在何处，不远处的一声枪响吓了她一跳，而激起她的怒气。 + + 她向前走着，她听见了些声音，退缩了。有人在这儿呢！她是不愿意遇着什么人的。但是她的灵敏的耳朵呼着了另一种声响，她惊悸着，原来是一个孩子的哭声。她再听着，听见什么人在骂孩子。她迅速地向那湿路上下去，阴郁的感情的怒气充满着她。她觉得自己已准备好了要去向谁发脾气了。 + + 转过一个弯，她看见两个人在她面前的路上，守猎人和一个穿着紫色外套，带着鼹鼠皮帽的女孩，女孩正在哭泣。 + + "喂，不要哭了，你这小鬼子。"那人怒叫道。 + + 孩子哭得更厉害了。康妮走上前去，眼睛发着光，那人回转身来望着她，冷淡地行了一个礼，他的脸正气得发白。 + + "什么事？她哭什么？"康妮问道，很坚决的，但是有点喘不过气来。 + + 一个轻轻的微笑，好象嘲弄人似的，显现在那人的脸上。"那，你得问她去。"他用他的沉浊的土音冷淡地答道。 + + 康妮觉得好象被他在脸上打了一下似的，气得脸色都变了，她抖擞着精神，望着他，她那深蓝色的眼睛茫然地发着亮。 + + "我是问你。"她喘着气说。 + + 他举着帽子向她行了个奇特的鞠躬——"对的，男爵夫人，"他说。然后他又带着土音说"但是我不能告诉你。"他变成了一个士兵似的，令人不可捉摸的态度，脸孔烦恼得发青。 + + 康妮转过身到孩子那里去。这是一个九岁或十岁的女孩，红赤的脸，黑头发——"什么事呀，亲爱的？告诉我你哭什么？"康妮在这种情境中路着那人之常情的温情说道。孩子故意的呜咽得更厉害了。康妮更温柔地对待她。 + + "好了，好了，不要再哭了！告诉我别人对你怎么欺负了！"……声音中带着无限地温慰。同时她在绒编织的短衣袋里摸着，恰好找到了一个六便士。 + + "不要哭了！"她向孩子弯着身说，"你看看我给你什么东西！" + + 呜咽着，吸着鼻涕，掩着哭肿了的脸的一只拳头移开了，一只灵动的黑色的眼睛向六便士瞥了一瞥。她还中鸣咽着，但是轻了许多——"好，好，告诉我什么事，告诉我！"康妮说着把钱放在孩子的肥厚的小手里，这只小手把钱接着。 + + "那是……那是……为了猫猫！。" + + 呜咽减低了，抽噎着。 + + "什么猫猫，亲爱的？" + + 等了一会，那握着六便士的羞缩的小手伸了出来，指着一丛荆棘。 + + "在那儿！" + + 康妮望着那儿。不错，她看见了一只大黑猫，身上染着血。狞恶地躺在那儿。 + + "啊！"她憎恶地叫道。 + + "这是一只野猫，夫人。"那人嘲讽地说。 + + 他向康妮眼里望着，猛捷地，傲慢地，一点也不隐藏着他的感觉：康妮的脸色变红了，她觉得她刚才发了他的脾气，这个人并不尊敬她了。 + + "你叫什么名字？"她和气地向孩子问道，"你肯告诉我你的名字吗？" + + 孩子吸着鼻涕；然后用一种矫揉造作的尖声道："康妮·梅乐士！" + + "康妮·梅乐士！呵，这是个美丽的名字呢！你是和爸爸一同出来的吗？他向那猫猫开枪是吗？但那是一只坏猫猫吗？" + + 孩子用她那勇敢的黑眼睛望着她，探究着她，打量着康妮这个人和她的怜爱的态度。 + + "我本来要跟奶奶留在家里的"女孩说。 + + "是吗？但是你的奶奶在那儿？" + + 孩子举起手臂，向马路下边指着："在村舍里。" + + "在村舍里？你要回到她那里去么？" + + 想起了刚才的哭泣，突然发抖地抽噎起来——"是的，我要去！" + + "那么来吧，我带你去好么？"把你带到你奶奶那里去好么？这样你爸爸便可以做他所要做的事情了。"——她转过脸去向那人说道："这是你的女孩，是不是？" + + 他行了一个礼。轻轻地点了点头。 + + "我想我可以带她到村舍里去吧？"康妮问道。 + + "如果夫人愿意的话。" + + 他重新向她的眼睛望望着，用他那种冷静的、探究的、不在乎的眼光望着她。这是一个很孤独的人。只管着他自己的事的人。 + + "你喜欢同我到村舍里，到你奶奶那里去么，亲爱的？" + + 那孩子又通告着那尖锐的声音，娇媚地说："是的！" + + 康妮并不喜欢她，这个娇养坏了的阴险的小女性，但是她却替她揩了脸，拉着她的手，守猎人行了个礼，不说什么。 + + "早安！"康妮说。 + + 到村舍里差不多有一英里路。还没有到那守猎的人富有风趣的村舍以前，康妮已经觉得太讨厌那女孩了。那孩子是猴子创造的狡猾，而且是这样的泰然。 + + 村舍的门开着，听得着里面的声响。康妮犹豫着，孩子撤开了手，向屋里跑去。 + + "奶奶！奶奶！" + + "怎么，你已经回来了！" + + 祖母刚把火炉用黑铅油过，那天是星期六的早晨。她穿着粗布的围裙，手里拿着一个黑刷子，鼻子上染着黑灰，走到门边来。她是有点干枯了的小妇人。 + + "啊，怎么！她叫道，当她看见了康妮在门口站着，急忙地用手臂擦着脸； + + "早安！"康妮说，"她哭了，所以我把她带回来的。" + + 祖母向孩子迅速地瞥了一瞥。 + + "但是，你爹爹在哪儿？" + + 女孩牵着她祖母的裙，痴笑着。 + + "他在那边，"康妮说，他把一只野猫打死了，把小孩吓慌了。" + + "呵，那不应该这样麻烦你的，查太莱夫人；你太好了，但是真不应该这样的麻烦夫人呀！" + + "没有什么麻烦，这还可使我散散步呢。"康妮微笑着说。 + + "你太好了！你真太好了！呵，她哭了么？我早知道他们俩走不了多远就要生事的。这女孩子怕他，她就是怕他。他好象是她的陌生人似的。完全陌生人，这父女俩。我看他们是不容易合得来的，她爸爸是个古怪的人。" + + 康妮不知道说什么好。 + + "你瞧，奶奶！"孩子作媚态说。 + + 那老妇女望着孩子手中的六便士。 + + "还有六便士！呵，夫人啊，你真不应该，真不应该。你瞧，查太莱夫人对你多好！你今天真是运气哟！" + + 她把"查太莱"这个字象一般平民似的读成"查莱"——"你瞧，查太莱夫人对你好不好！"——康妮不由得望了望那老妇人的黑鼻子，老妇女重新用着腕背擦着脸，但是没有擦着那黑灰。 + + 康妮正要离开她们……"啊，多谢得很，查莱夫人！一一说谢谢查莱夫人？"——最后这句话是向小孩说的。 + + "谢谢你。"孩子尖声地说。 + + "好孩子！"康妮笑着说。她说着"早安"走了。走远了以后，心里觉得很高兴已经离开她们了。她觉得有些奇怪，那清瘦而骄傲的人的母亲，会是这个干枯的小妇人。 + + 当康妮走了以后，那老妇人连忙跑到厨房后间里，向一块小镜子照着。她看见了自己的脸孔，忍不住顿起脚来。"自然啦，穿着这围裙，肮脏着这个脸鼻，便给她碰着了！她定要说我是多漂亮了！" + + 康妮慢慢地走回家去。"家！……用这个温暖的字眼去称这所愁闷的大房子。但是这是一个过了时的字了，没有什么意义了。康妮觉得所有伟大的字眼，对于她的同代人，好象都失掉了意义了：爱情、欢乐、幸福、父、母、丈夫，报有为有权利的伟大字眼在今日都是半死了而且一天一天地死下去了。家不过是一个生活的地方，爱情是一个不能再愚弄人的东西，欢乐是个"却尔斯登"舞酣时用的词，幸福是一个人用来欺骗他人的虚伪的语调。父亲是一个享受他自己的生涯的人，丈夫是一个你和他同住而要忍心静气和他住下去的人。至于"性爱"呢，这最后而最伟大的字眼，只是一个轻挑的名称， + + 用来指那肉体的片刻销魂——销魂后使你更感破碎——的名称，破碎！好象你是一块廉价的粗布做成的。这块布渐渐地破碎到无物了。 + + 剩下的唯一的东西，便是倔强的忍耐。而倔强的忍耐中，却有某种乐趣。在生命之空虚的经验本身中，一段一段地，一程一程地，有着某种可惊的满足，不过就是这样！这常常是最后一句话；家庭、爱情、结婚，蔑克里斯，不过就是这样！一个人到瞑目长眠的时候，向生命分别时的最后一句话也是：不过就是这样！ + + 至于金钱呢？也许我们便不能这样说。人总是需要金钱的。金钱，成功，这"财神"——这名字是唐米·督克斯依照亨利·詹姆士的说话，常常拿来象征成功的——那是永久需要的东西。你不能把你最后的一枚铜子花光了，结尾说：不过就是这样！不，甚至你还有十分钟生命，你还是需要几个铜子。若要使生命的机械运转不停，你便需要金钱，你得有钱。钱你得有。其他的什么东西你实在不需要。不过就是这样！ + + 当然，你在世上生活着，这并不是你的过错，你既生活着，你便需要金钱，这是唯一的绝对的需要品，其余一切都可以不要，你看，不过就是这样！ + + 她想着蔑克里斯，想着她要是跟他时所能有的金钱，甚至这个，她还是不想要他，她宁愿帮助克利福用著作去内部矛盾来的小钱。因为这个钱实在是她帮助他赚来的。下-"克利福和我，我们用著作一年赚一千二百英镑。"她对自己这样说。赚钱！赚钱！从无中赚得！从稀薄的空气中赚得！这是一个人可以自夸的唯一的了！此外一切都管它的！ + + 这样。她缓缓地回到克利福那里去，重新和他合力，从虚无中找出篇把小说：所谓小说，那便是金钱。克利福好象很关心着他的小说是否被人认为第一流的文学，但是她，她却满不在乎。虽然她的父亲常说："克利福的作品里空洞无物。"但是她的简单坚决的回答是："去年赚了一千二百英镑！" + + 要是你年轻，你只要咬紧着牙；忍耐着，等到金钱从无中开始拥来，这是力量的问题，这是志愿的问题，一种微妙的、有力量的南愿从你身体里进发出来，使你感觉得金钱之神秘的空虚：一张纸上的一个字，它是一种魔术，无疑地它是一个胜利。财神！要是一个人不得不出卖自身的话，还是卖给财神去好！我们甚至正在献身与他的时候，还可以轻蔑着她以求自慰。 + + 克利福当然还有许多孩子气的想头。他要人家视他为"真正好作家"，这是愚蠢的想头。真正好作家，是个能攫着许多读者的人。做一个"真正好作家"而没有读者，那有什么用？大部分的"真正好作家"都象赶不上搭公共汽车的人，究竟呢，你不过活一回要是你赶不上搭公共汽车，你便只好留在街头，和其他没有赶上车的失败者们在一起。 + + 康妮计划着冬天来了时，要和克利福到伦敦去过一个冬。她和他都是好好地赶上了公共汽车的人。所以他们很可以骄傲地坐在上层炫耀一番。 + + 最不幸的就是克利福日趋见不着时，分心，而陷于空洞抑郁的病态中。这是他的灵魂的创伤外发了的缘故。可是这却使康妮觉得穷迫。啊，上帝呀！要是意识的运用不灵活了，这怎么好呢？由它罢，我们尽力做去好了，难道我们就这样让自己失尽了勇气么？ + + 有时她悲痛地哭着，但是，她一边哭着，一边对自己说："傻子把一些手绢哭湿了；好象哭了就有什么用处似的！" + + 自从她和蔑克里斯发生关系以后，她已下了决心不再需要什么东西了。没有办法解决时，这似乎是最蠢的解决方法。除了她自己已得到的东西外，她不再需要什么东西了。她只愿把她已得到的东西好好地料理下去。克利福，小说，勒格贝，查泰莱男爵夫人的地位，金钱，名誉。她要把这一切好好地料理下去！爱情、性欲这一类的东西，只是糖水！吞了它而把它忘记就是。如果你心里不牵挂着它，它是没有什么的，尤其是性欲……更没有什么！决心忍耐着，问题便解决了，性欲和一杯醉酒，都是一样地不能持久的东西，它们的效力是一样，它们的意义也差不多。 + + 但是一个孩子！一个婴儿,那却是令人兴奋的事情。她决不能冒昧从事。首先得要找到那个男子。说来也奇怪，世界上竞没有一个男子是她喜欢跟他生个孩子的。和蔑克生孩子吗？这是多么可憎的想法！那等于想跟兔子生孩子一样！唐米·督克斯？……他是一个在自己身上完结的人。此外，在克利福的许多友人中，没有一个人不使她想到要和他生孩子便使她感到可鄙。其中虽然也有几个，如果拿来做情人还算可以过去，甚至和蔑克！但是若要和他们生个孩子，咳！那是屈辱而可憎的！ + + 就是这样！ + + 虽然，康妮的心灵深处，却想着孩子。等待吧！她要把这些同代的男子们，在她的筛子上细筛一遍，看看有没有一个合用的——"到耶路撒冷的街头巷角走走看，看你能找到一个男子不。"在这预言者的耶路撤冷，找不着一个男子，虽然那么雄性的人类多着，但是一个"男子"，那是不同的东西呵！ + + 她想，也许，那得要一个外国人：不是英国人，更不是爱尔兰人，得要一个真正的外国人. + + 但是等待吧！等待吧！冬天来了她要带克利福到伦敦去，下一个冬天，她要带他到法国南部，或意大利去。等待罢！孩子和问题是不着急的。这是她的私事。对婚事她是怪女性的，她是十分郑重其事的。她决不会冒险、随便，她决不！一个人差不多随时都可以找到一个情人；但是找个使你生孩子的男人……那得等一等！等一等！那是很不同的事情——"那耶路撤冷的街头巷角走走看……"这并不是爱情的问题，那是找一个"男子"的问题。呵，你私下也许要恨这个男子。但是，如果他是个你所要的男子，那么一点私人的恨有什么重要！这并不是恨与爱的问题哟。 + + 天下着雨，和通常一样，园里的路太湿了，克利福不便坐着车子出去，但是康妮还是想出去。现在她天天一个人出去，大部分是在树林里。那儿，她是真正的孤寂。愚不见半人影。 + + 这天，克利福有什么话要吩咐守猎的人，而仆人却因患着流行感冒，不能起来——在勒格贝好象总有谁在患流行感冒似的——康妮说她可以到村舍那边去。 + + 空气是软的，死的，好象世界就要断气了。一切都是灰色的。滑湿、静寂。煤矿场的声音也听不着，因为今天停工了，好象世界之末日到了！ + + 树林里，一切都是毫无生命似地静息着。仅有无叶的树枝上落下来的雨滴，发着空洞的微音，在老树丛中，只有无边的灰色，绝望的静止，寂默，虚无。 + + 康妮朦胧向前走着。这古老的树林发出一种古代的忧郁，这却使她觉得有点安慰。因为这忧郁比之外面世界的那种顽固的麻痹状态还要好些。她喜欢这残余的森林的"内在性"和那些老树的列盲的陈忍。它们象是一种静默的力量，却又是一种有生命的现实。它们也是等待着，固执着，含忍着，等待着而发挥着一种斯默的权能。也许它们只等着他们的末日——被人所伐，被人运走！森林之末日，对于它们是一切之末日！但是，也许它们的高傲的有力的静默，那大树的静默，是含有其它的意义的。 + + 当她从树林的北边出去时，她看见了守猎人的村台。这是一个有些灰暗的、棕争的石砌的屋，有着尖角的屋翼和雅致的烟囱，冷静孤僻，好象是没有人住似的。但是烟囱里却冒着一缕轻烟，而屋晨前的围着栏杆的小花园，也修理得很是清洁。门关闭着。 + + 现在她到门前了，她觉得那人，那有着奇特锐敏的眼睛的人，使她有些羞缩。她不喜欢对他传达命令，她轻轻地拍着门，也没有人答应，她从窗口向内窥视，看见了里面的阴沉沉的小房子；那种差不多不祥的隐秘情形，好象不愿被人侵犯似的。 + + 她站在那里听着，好象听见了屋后有些声响。因为没有人听见她，所以她气忿起来，她不愿就此干休。她绕着屋子走了过去，在村舍后边，地面是高凸的，所以后院子是陷在里面，四周围着矮矮的石墙，她再绕过去，站着了，在那小院子里，离她有两步远的地方，那人正在洗着他自己，一点儿也不知道有外人来了。他的上身全裸着，那棉裤子在他的瘦小的腰际悬着，他的细长的自哲的背部，在一盆盛着肥皂水的盆上弯曲着，他把头浸在水里，用一种奇异的迅捷的小动作摇动着他的头，举起他瘦长的白皙的两臂，把耳朵里的肥皂水挤出来。又迅捷又灵敏，好象一只鼬鼠在玩着水似的，完全地孤独着。康妮绕着回到村舍前面去，急忙地向树林里走开了。她不由自主地，很为感动。毕竟这只是一个男子在洗身罢了，一点也不值得惊怪的。 + + 但是那种印象，于她却是一个奇异的经验：她和身体的中部好象受了打击似的，她看见了那沉重的裤子在他腰际悬着，那纯洁的、白皙的、细弱的腰，骨路在那儿微徽显露着，这样一种纯粹地寂寞着的男子的孤独的感觉，使她改正仲不安。那是一个独居着而内心也孤独着的人的完全的、纯洁的、孤独的裸体，不单这样那是一个纯洁的人的美。那不是美的物质，更不是美的肉体，而是一种光芒，一个寂寞生活的温暖的白光，显现而成的一种可从触膜的轮廓：肉体！ + + 这种印象深入到了康妮的肺腑里，她知道的，这印象嵌在她的心里面了，但是她的心里却觉得有点可笑：一个在后院里洗身体的男子！无疑地他还用着恶臭的黄色的肥皂呢！——她觉得有点讨厌；为什么她偏偏碰着了这种不高尚的私事！ + + 她一步一下地走开，忘记了自己在走着。过了十会，她坐在一棵树桩上。她的心太乱了，不能思索什么了，但是在迷乱之中，她仍然决意要去把克利福的话送给那人。无论如何她得送去。不过还得让那人穿衣服的时间。只是不要让他出去就得了，因为大概是准备着出去的。她向着村舍慢慢地走回去，耳朵探听着。当她走近了村舍时，那村舍还是和刚才一样。一只狗吠了起来，她拍了拍门，心里不由自主地跳着。 + + 她听见了那轻轻地下楼的声音。他敏疾地把门打开了，使她吃了一惊。他自己也好象不安的样子，但是他立刻露出了笑容。 + + "查太莱夫人！"他说，"请进来吗？" + + 他的样子是这样的斯文而自然，她只好跨过了门槛。而进到那间有点沉郁的小屋里。 + + "克利福男爵有点话吩咐你，我就是为这个来的"她用她的温柔的、有点喘急的声音说道。 + + 他用他那蓝色的、洞视一切的眼睛望着她，这使她的脸微微地向旁边躲开。在她的羞惧中，他觉得她是可爱的，而且可以说是美丽的。他马上占了上风。 + + "请坐坐好吗？"他问道，心里想着她是不会坐下的。门还是开着。 + + "不坐了，谢谢，克利福男爵想问你，如果……"她把吩咐的话对他说，无意地向他的眼睛望着，现在，他的眼睛是温暖的，仁慈的，一种特别地对妇人而有的仁慈，无限的温暖，仁慈，而且泰然。 + + "好的，夫人，我就去看去。" + + 答应着她吩咐的话时，他完全变了，他给一种坚硬和冷淡的神气笼罩着了，康妮犹豫着。她应该走了，但是她用着一种颓丧的样子，向这所整洁的，有点忧郁的小屋子四下打量着。 + + "你只一个人住在这儿吗？"她问道。 + + "是人，夫人，只一个人。" + + "但是你的母亲呢？" + + "她住在村中她自己的村舍里。" + + "和孩子在一起么？"康妮问道。 + + "和孩子在一起！" + + 他的平凡的、有点衰老的脸孔，显着一种不可解的嘲笑的神气。这是一个难于捉摸的、不住地变换的脸孔。 + + 当他看见了康妮的莫名其妙的样子时，他说道： + + "晤，我的母亲每星期六上这儿来收拾一次。其余的时间都是我自己料理。" + + 康妮再望着他。他的眼睛重新笑着。虽然带点嘲讽的神气，但是很蓝，很温暖，而且慈祥。她惊异地望着他。他穿着长裤和法兰绒的衬衣，结着灰白色的领带，他的头发柔软而润湿，他的脸孔有点苍白而憔悴。当他的眼睛不带笑的时候，显得很苦痛前的样子，但是总不会把热力失掉了。突然地，一种孤独的苍白色呈现在他的脸上：她在那儿并不是为了他呵。 + + 她有许多话想说，可是说不出来，她只向他望着，说： + + "我希望没有打扰你吧？" + + 一个轻轻的讥讽的微笑，把他的眼睛缩小了。 + + "不，我刚才正在梳头发，请你原谅我没有穿上外衣，但是我并不知道是谁在敲门。这儿是从来没有人来敲门的。意外的声音是使人觉得不祥的。" + + 他在她面前走着，到了园路的尽头，把门打开了。他只穿着衬衣，没有那笨重的棉绒外衣，她更看出了他是多么的细瘦，而有点向前颂曲，但是，当她在他面前走过的时候，她觉得他的生动的眼睛和浅褐色的头发，有点什么年轻活泼的地方，他大约是个三十七八的人了。" + + 她局促地走到了树林里，她心里知道他正在后面望着她。她使他这样的不安而不能自抑。 + + 他呢，当他走进屋里时，他的样子不象是一个守猎的人，无论如何不象是一个工人，虽然他有些地方象本地的平民，但他也有些和他们很不相同的地方。 + + 那个守猎人，梅乐士，是一个奇怪的人。"她对克利福说，"他差不多象一个上流阶级的人。" + + "真的吗？克利福说，"我倒没有注意。" + + "但是他不是有点特别的地方么？"康妮坚持着说。 + + "我想他还不坏，但是我不太知道他。他是旧年才离开军队的——还没有到一年。我相信他是从印度归来对，他也许在那边得了一些什么怪癖。他也许是一个军官的传令兵，这把他的地位弄好了一些。许多士兵都是这样的。但是这于他们是没有好处的。当他们回到了老家的时候，他们便只好恢复旧态下" + + 康妮凝望着克利福，心里沉思着。她看见了他对较下阶级的稍有上升希望的人所生的那种狭窄的反感，她知道这是他那一类人的特性。 + + "但是，你觉得他是有点什么特别的地方么？"她问道。 + + "老实说，我不觉得，我毫没有注意到什么。" + + 他奇异地，不安地，半猜疑地望着她。她觉得他并没有对她说真话。说真切点，他并没有对他自己说真话。他厌恶人家提起什么有特别地方的人。人得站在他的水平线边，或以下，而不应该超出。 + + 康妮又感觉到她同代的男子们的狭隘和鄙吝。他们是这样地狭隘，这样地惧怕生命！ + + + + 第七章 + + 当康妮回到楼上她寝室里去时，做了一件很久以来没有做的事：她把衣服都脱光了，在一面很大的镜子面前，照着自己的裸体。她不太知道究竟她看什么，找什么，但是她把灯光移转到使光线满照在她的身上。 + + 她想到她常常想着的事：一个赤裸着的人体，是多么地脆弱，易伤而有点可怜！那是多么地欠缺而这完备的东西！ + + 往昔，她的容貌是被人认为美好的，但是现在她是过时了，有点太女性而不太有象像男的样式了。她不很高大，这种风韵也许可以说便是美。她的皮肤微微地带点褐色，她的四肢充满着某种安逸的风致，她是身躯应有饱满的流畅下附的华丽，不过现在却欠缺着什么东西。 + + 她的肉体的坚定而下奔的曲线，本应成熟下去的，现在它却平板起来，而且变成有点粗糙了，仿佛这身体是欠缺着阳光和热力，它有点苍白面无生气了。 + + 在完成一个真正的女性上，这身体是挫败了，它没有成就一个童男似的透明无理的身体；反之，它显得暗晦不清了。 + + 她的乳房有点瘦小，象梨子似的垂着。它们是没有成熟的，带点苦味，而没有意义地吊在那儿。她在青春时期所有的一一当她年轻的德国情人真正爱她的肉体的时候所有的，那小腹的圆滑鲜明的光辉，已经失掉了。那时候，她的小腹是幼嫩的，含着希望的、有着它所特有的真面目。现在呢，它成为驰松的了，有点平板而比以前消瘦了，那是一种驰松的瘦态。她的大腿也是一样，从前富着女性的圆满的时候，是那样的灵活而光辉，现在却是平板、驰松而无意义了。 + + 她的身体日见失掉意义，成为沉闷而赠晦，现在只是一个无意义的物质了。这使她觉得无限的颓丧的失望。还有什么希望呢？她老了，二十七岁便老了。是啊，为着牺牲而老了。时髦的妇女们，用外表的保养法，把肉体保持得象一个脆嫩的瓷器似的放着光辉。瓷器的内面自然是什么都没有的。但是，康妮却连这种假借的光彩都没有。啊，精神生活！她突然觉得狂愤地憎恨这精神生活！这欺骗的精神生活！ + + 他向后边那面镜子照着，望着她的腰身。她是日见纤瘦了，而这种纤瘦的样子于她是不台适的。当她扭转身去时，她看见她腰部的皱折是疲乏的，但是从前却是很轻盈愉快的！臀部两旁和臀尖的下倾，已失掉了它的光辉和富丽的神态了。失掉了！只有她那年轻的德国情人曾爱过这一切。而他却已经死去近十年了。时间过得多快！他死去已经十年了，而她现在只有二十岁！她曾藐视过的，那壮健青年的新鲜的笨拙的性欲！现在她何处可以找到呢？男子们再也不会有了。他们只有那可怜的两秒钟的一阵抽搐，如蔑克里斯……再也没有真正的人性的性欲，再也没有那使人的血液沸腾，使人的全身全心清爽的性欲了。 + + 虽然，她觉得她身体归美的部分，是从她背窝处开始的那臀部的悠长的下坠，和那两靡臀面的幽静思睡的圆满。如阿拉伯人说的，那象是些沙丘，柔和地、成长坡地下降。生命在这儿还带着一些希望，但是这儿也一样，她是比以前消瘦了，不成熟了，而且有点涩苦了。 + + 但是她的前身却使她悲伤起来。这部分已经开始驰松了，现着一种差不多衰萎的松懈的消瘦，没有真正生活就已经老了。她想到她将来也许要有的孩子，她究竟配不配呢？ + + 她穿上了睡衣，倒在床上苦痛地哭泣。在她的苦痛里，她对克利福，他的写作，和他的谈话，对所有欺骗妇人和欺骗她们的肉体的男子们，燃烧着一种冷酷的愤懑！ + + 这是不公平的，不平的！那肉体的深深不平的感觉，燃烧到了她灵魂的深处。但是，虽然如此，翌日早晨的七点钟。她还是照样起来，到楼下克利福那里去。她得帮助他梳洗更衣的一切私事，因为他已没有用男仆。而他又不愿意一个女仆人来帮助他。女管家的丈夫——他是当克利福还是孩童的时候便认识他的。帮助着他做些粗笨的事情。但是康妮却管理着一切私事，而且出于心愿。那是无可奈何的，但是愿意尽她所能地去做。 + + 所以她几乎从不离开勒格贝，就是离开也不过一二天，那时是女管家白蒂斯太太照料着克利福，他呢，日子久了自然而然地觉得康妮替他所做的事情是当然的，而他这种感觉毕竟也是自然的呵。 + + 虽然，在康妮的心里，却开始燃烧着一种不平的和彼人欺骗的感觉，肉体一旦感觉到了不平，这种感觉是危险的。这种感觉要发泄出来，否则它便要把怀着这感觉的人吞食的。可怜的克利福！那并不是他的过错。他比康妮更是不幸呢。这一切都是人间整个灾祸的一部分啊。 + + 然而，他真是没有一点儿可以责备的地方么？那热力的欠缺，那温暖的肉体的简单接触的欠缺，不是他的过错么？他从来不温热，甚至也不慈和，他只有一种冷淡、受过高等教养的人对人的恳切与尊重。但是他从来没有过一个男子对于妇人所有的那种温热。甚至如康妮的父亲对她所有的那种温热他都没有。那种男子的温热，虽只为着男子自己，而男子也只这样作想，无论怎样，一点男性的热烈是可以把一个妇人温暖起来的。 + + 但是克利福并不这样，他那一代的人并不这样，他们的内心都是坚绝无情，他们以为热情是卑劣的东西。你得冷酷下去，守着你便可以守着的地位。但是，如果你不是那一阶级那和囊类的人，这便不行了死守着你的地位，觉着你自己是属于统治阶级的人，那不是好玩的事，那有什么意义？因为甚至最高贵的贵族，事实上已没有什么地佼可守，而他们的所谓统治，实际只是滑稽把戏，全不能说是统治了，那有什么意交？这一切只是无聊的胡闹罢了。 + + 康妮的反抗的感觉，潜然地滋生了。那一切究竟有什么用处？她的牺牲，以她的生命牺牲于克利福，究竟有什么用处？毕竟，她有什么于人有用的地方？那儿只有那种冷酷的虚荣心，没有温热的人道的接触，正如任何最下流的犹太人般的缺德，欲望着卖身与成功的财神。甚至克利福，那样的冷淡，那样的远引，那样的相信自已是属于统治的阶级，尚且不禁垂着舌头，喘着气息，追逐于财神之后，实在，在这种事中。蔑克里斯是尊严些的，他的成功是大得多的，真的，细看起来，克利福只是个丑角；而一个丑角是比一个光棍更卑下的。 + + 在这两个男人中间，她对于蔑克里斯是较有用处的。而他比克利福也更需要她，因为任何一个好看护都能看护一个两腿风瘫的人！如果拿他们所做的英雄事业来说。蔑克里斯是个英雄的老鼠，而克利福只是个玩把戏的小狗。 + + 家里现在来了些客人，其中一个是克利福的教母爱娃本纳利爵士夫人。这是一位六十岁的、有个红鼻子的瘦小的妇人，她是一个寡妇，依旧还有点贵妇的派判断，她出身名门，并且有名门的气性。康妮很喜欢她。当她愿意的时候，她是这样的简单率直，而且外表上是这样慈蔼。其实她对于守着她的地位，而且守到比他人高一点的它术上，她是个能手。她一点也不是个热利的人，她太相信自己了。在社交上，她是这样地善于冷静地守着自己的地位，而使他人向她让步。 + + 她对康妮很是亲切，用着她的出身高门的人的观察，象尖锐的钻子一样，努力地把她的妇人的灵魂的秘密刺穿。 + + "我觉得你真可钦佩。"她对康妮说。"你替克利福真是出了惊人的力。他的天才的焕发，我是从不怀疑的。现在他是惊天动地了。"……爱娃对于克利福的成功，是十分得意的骄傲的。因为那是有光门槛的！至于他的著作嘛，她倒是毫不关心的，关心干什么呢？ + + "啊，我不相信我出了什么力。"康妮说。 + + "那一定是你的力。除了你以外，还有谁能出力呢？我觉得你得出报酬实在不够呢。" + + "怎么说的？" + + "你看你怎样的关闭在这里！我对克利福说过：要是这孩子那天反叛起来，你是活该哟。" + + "但是克利福从来没有拒绝我什么的。"康妮说。 + + "你听我说吧，我亲爱的孩子，"本纳利夫人说着；把她的瘦小的手放在康妮的臂上，"一个女子得过她的生活，否则，她使要后悔没有生活过，相信我吧！"她再啜了一日白兰地，那她也许就是后悔的形式吧。 + + "但是，我不是正在过我的生活么？" + + "不，我不这样想。克利福应该把你带到伦敦去。让你走动走动。他所有的那一类的朋友们，对于他自己是很好的，但是对于你呢，假如我是你的话，我却不能满意。将空度了你的青春；你将在后悔中度你的老年生活。甚至中年生活。" + + 这贵妇人给白兰地的力量镇静着，渐渐地陷在沉思的静默中了。 + + 便是康妮并不很想到伦敦而给本纳利夫人引导到那时髦的社会里去。她觉得她和那种社会是合不来的。并且那种社会是不能使她发生兴趣的。她很觉得那种社会的下去，有一种怪异的令人畏缩的冷酷；象拉布拉多地土壤一般，地面上生长着一些愉快的小花朵，可是一尺以下却是冰冻的。 + + 唐米·督克斯也在勒格贝，此外还有哈里·文达斯罗贾。克·司登治魏和他的妻奥莉芜。他们间的谈话是不连贯的，不象好友们在一块时那们地一泻千里，大家都有点发闷，因为天气既不好，而消遣的东西又只不过打打牌子和开着留声机跳跳舞罢了。 + + 奥莉芜正在念着一本描写将来世界的书，说将来孩子们是要在瓶子里用人工培养出来的，妇女们是可以"超脱"的。 + + "那是件美妙的事哟。"她说，"那时妇女们便可以享受她们的生活了。"原来她的丈夫同登治魏是希望生个孩子的；她呢，却不。"你喜欢怎样的超脱呢？"文达斯罗狞笑着问她。 + + "我希望我自然地超脱出来。"她说，无论如何，将来是要比现在更台理的，而妇女们不会再给她们的天职累坏了" + + "也许她们都要飘飘欲仙了。"督克斯说。 + + "我实在觉得如果文明是名副其实的话，便应该把肉体的弱点大加排除。"克利福说，拿性爱不说，这便是很可以不必有的东西。我想，假如我们可以用人工在孩子里培养孩子，这种东西是要消灭的。" + + "不！"奥莉芙叫道："那也许要给我们更多好玩的东西呢。" + + "我想，"本纳利夫人带着一种沉思的样子说："假如性爱这东西消灭了，定会有旁的什么东西来代替的。吗啡，也许。整个空气中浮散着一点吗啡，那时人人定要觉得了不得的爽快呢。" + + "每到星期六，政府便在社会散布些以太，这一来星期天全国人民准快活！"贾克说："那似乎好得很；但是星期三，我们又怎样呢？" + + "只要你给忘却你的肉体，你便快活。"本纳利夫人说，"你一想起了你的肉体，你使苦痛。所以，假如文明有点什么用处的话，它便要帮助我们忘掉肉体，那时候时间便可以优哉游哉地过去了。" + + 还要帮助我们把肉体完全除掉呢。"文达斯罗说，"现在正是时候了，人类得开始把分的本性改良了，尤其是肉体方面人本性。" + + "想想看，假如，我们象香烟的烟似地漂浮着，那就妙了！"康妮说。 + + "那是不会有的事。"督克斯说，"我们的老把戏就要完了；我们的文明就要崩毁了！我们文明正向着无底的井中、深渊中崩毁下去。相信我，将来深渊上唯一的桥梁便是一条法乐士" + + "唉呀，将军，请你不要胡说乱道了！"奥莉英叫道。 + + "是的，我相信我们的文明是要倒塌了。"爱娃姑母说。 + + "倒塌了以后要来些什么呢？"克利福问道。 + + "我一点儿也不知道，但是我想总会来些东西的。"老夫人道。 + + "康妮说，来些象是烟波似的人，奥莉英说，来些超脱的妇女，和瓶子里养的孩子。达克斯说，法乐士便是渡到将来去的桥梁。我奇怪究竟要来些什么东西？"克利福说。 + + "呵，不要担心这个！"奥莉芜说，"但请赶快制造些养孩子的瓶子，而社我们这些可怜的妇女们清静好了。" + + "在将来的时代，也许要来些真正的人。"唐米说："真正的，有智慧的，健全的男人，和一些健全的可爱的女人！这可不是一个转变，一个大转变么？我信今日的男子并不是真男子，而妇人们并不是妇人。我们只演着权宜之计的把戏，做着机械的智慧和实验罢了。将来也许要来一个真男真女的文明。这些真男真女将代替我们这一小群聪明的小丑——只有七岁孩童的智慧的我们。那一定要比虚无缥缈的人和瓶子里养的孩子更其奇观。" + + "呵，男人们如果开始讲什么真正的妇人的话，我不谈了。"奥独笑说。 + + "当然啊，我们所有的唯一可贵的东西，便是精神。"文达斯罗说。 + + "精神！"。贾克一边说，一边饮着他的威士忌苏打。 + + "你以为那样么？我呢，我以为最可贵的是肉体的复活！达克斯说，"但是肉体的复活总会到来的，假如我们能把精神上的重载；金钱及其他，推开一些，那时我们便要有接触的德漠克拉西，是肉体的复活！"她实在一点都不知道那是什么意思，但是那使她得到安慰，好象其他不知意义的东西有时使人得到安慰一样。 + + 然而一切事物都是可怖的愚蠢。这一切，克利福、爱娃姑母、奥莉芙、贾克及文达斯罗，甚至督克斯，都使她厌烦不堪。空话空话，只是些空话！这不尽的空谈，令人难受得象人地狱一般。 + + 但是，当客人都走了时，她也不觉得好过些。她继续着作她的忧郁的散步，但是愤懑的激怒，占据着她的全身，她不能逃避。日子好象发着咬牙声似地过去，使她痛苦，却毫无新的东西来到，她渐渐地消瘦了。甚至又管家也注意到了，问她是不是有什么不舒服，甚至唐米·督克斯也重复说她的身体日见不好，虽然她并承认。只是那达娃斯哈教堂下的小山旁直立着的那些不祥的白色墓石，开始使她惧怕了。这些墓石有一种奇特的、惨白的颜色，象加拿拉的大理石一样，象假牙齿一样的可憎，她可发从园中清楚地望见。这些假牙似的丑恶的墓石，耸立在那小山上，难她一种阴森的恐怖，她觉得她不久便要被埋葬在那儿，加入那墓石和墓碑下的鬼群中，在这污秽的米德兰地方。 + + 她知道她是需要帮助的。于是她写了一封信给她的姊姊希尔达，露了一点她的心的呼喊："我近来觉得不好，我不知道是怎么回事。" + + 希尔达从苏格兰赶了来。那是三月时候，她自己驶着一部两入座的轻便小汽车。响着喇叭，沿着马路驶了上来，然后绕着屋前面的有两株山毛榉树的那块椭圆形的草坪。 + + 康妮忙赶到门口台阶上去接她。希尔达把四停了，走了出来抱吻了她的妹妹。 + + "啊，康妮哟！"她说，"怎么样了？" + + "没有怎么！"康妮有点难过地说，但是她知道她自己和她姊姊是恰恰地相反的，这一点使她痛苦着。从前，这姊妹俩，有着同样的光辉而带点金黄的肉色，同样的棕色的柔软的头发，同样的天然地强壮丽温热的体质。但是现在呢，康，妮瘦了，颜容惨淡，她的颈项从胸衣上挺出来，又瘦又带点黄色。 + + "但是你是病了，孩子哟！"希尔达用那种从前婶妹俩同有的温柔而有点气怒的声音说。希尔达比康妮差不多大两岁。 + + "不，没有什么病。也许是我烦恼的缘故"，康妮说，她的声音有点可怜。 + + 希尔达的脸上，焕发着一种战斗的光芒。虽然她的样子看起来温柔而肃静，查她是一个有古代女弄士的风度的女子，和男子们是合不来的。 + + "多可怕的地方！"她深恨地望着这所可怜的残败的老勒格贝，轻轻地说。她的外貌是温柔而温热的，象一个成熟了的梨子一样，其实她却是一个道地的古代的女武士。 + + 她静默地进去见克利福。克利福心里想，她长得真漂亮，但同时她却使他惧怕。他的妻家的人没有和他一样的举止仪态。他认为他们是有点外边人的样子，但是既已成了亲家，便只好以另眼相看了。 + + "他堂皇地、谈蓝色的眼睛有些凸出；他的表情是不可思仪的，但是很斯文。不过希尔达哪里管他态度怎样镇定，她已准备战斗了。他就是教里或皇帝，她也不怕。 + + "康妮的样子太不健康了。"她用柔软的声音说道。她华丽的灰色的眼睛，不转瞬的望着他。她和康妮一样，有着那种很处女的神气，但是克利福很知道那里面却隐藏着多么坚强的苏格兰人的固执性。 + + "她瘦了一点。"他说。 + + "你没有想什么法子？" + + "你相信想法子有什么用处么？"他问道。他的声音是很英国式的，又坚定又柔和。这两种东西常常是混在一起的。 + + 希尔达直望着他没有回答。她同康妮一样，随曰答话不是她的能事。她只是不转瞬地望着他，这使他觉得很难受，比她说什么都更难受。 + + "我得把她带去看看医生。"过了一会希尔达说，"你知道这附近有好医生吗？" + + "我不太知道。" + + "那么我要把她到伦敦去，那儿我们有一位可靠的医生。" + + "克利福虽然怒火中烧，但是不说什么。 + + 我想我还是在这儿过夜吧。"希尔达一面脱下手套一面说，"明天早晨我再把她带到伦敦去。" + + 克利福愤怒得脸色发黄。到了晚上，他的眼睛的白膜也有点发黄了。他的肝脏是有毛病的，但是希尔达依旧是这样地温逊如处女。 + + 晚饭过后，当大家似乎安静地喝着咖啡时，希尔达说。"你得找个看护妇或什么人来料理你的私事才好，最好还是找个男仆。" + + 她的声音是那样的缓和，听起来差不多是温雅的。但是克利福却觉得她在他的头上用棍子击着似的。 + + "你相信那是必要的么？"他冷淡地说。 + + "当然呵！那是必要的，否则父亲和我得把康妮带开去位几个月才行，事情不能照这样子继续下去的。" + + 什么事情不能照这样子继续下去？" + + "难道你没有看见这可怜的孩子怎么样了么？"希尔达问道，两眼固视着他。她觉得他这时候有点象是煮过了的大虾。 + + "康妮和我会商量这事的。"他说。 + + "我已经和她商量过了。"希尔达说。 + + 克利福曾经给看护们看护过不少时间，他憎恶他们，因为她们把他的一切私密都知道了，至于一个男仆！……他就忍受不了一个男子在他的身边，那还不如任何一个妇人的好。但是为个么康妮不能看护他呢？ + + 姊妹俩在次日的早晨一同出发。康妮有点象复活节的羔羊似的。在驶着车的希尔达旁边坐着，的点细微，麦尔肯爵士不在伦敦，但是根新洞的房子是开着门的。 + + 医生很细心地诊验康妮，询问着她的生活的各种屑事。 + + "在画报上我有时看见过你的。"和克利福男爵的像片，你们差不多都是名人了，可不是？好温静的女孩子们都长大了，但是画报上虽然刊着你的像片，你却还是个温静的女孩子呢，不要紧的，不要紧的，各个器官都毫无病状。但是却不能这样继续下去！告诉克利福男爵，他得把你带到伦敦，或带到外国去，给你点娱乐消遣的东西。你得要娱乐娱乐才行。那是不可少的，你的元气太衰了，没有一点儿底蓄。心的神经状况已经有点异状了，是的，是的，就是这神经太不好了！到于纳或比亚力治去玩一个月，准保你复原起来，但是一定不能，一定不能这样继续下去。否则将来怎样了，我是不敢说的。你消耗着你的生命力，而不使它再生。你得要散散心，找些适当的有益的健康的娱乐！你只消耗着你的元气，而授有递补些新的元乞。你知道那是不能继续下去的。伤神的事！避免伤神的事！" + + 希尔达紧咬着牙关，那是含有意思的。 + + 蔑克里斯听见她们都在伦敦，赶快带着玫瑰花来。 + + "为什么，怎么样不好了？"他叫道，"你只剩下一个影子了。咳，我从来没有见过变得这么厉害的！为什么你全不让我知道？和我到尼斯去哪！到西西里去吧！去吧、和到西西里去，那儿此刻正是最可爱的时候。你需要阳光！你需要好好的生活！啊，你是日见衰萎下去了！跟我去！到非洲去！咳，该死的克利福，丢了他跟我去罢。你们一离婚我便要马上娶你，来吧，试一试新的生活吧！天哟，勒格贝那种地方是无论谁都要闷死的！肮脏的地方！鬼地方！无论谁都要闷死的！跟我到有阳光的地方去吧！你需要的是阳光，阳光和一点常态的生活。" + + 但是，就这样干脆地抛弃了克利福，康妮却过意不去。她不能那佯做。不……不！……她简直不能。她得回勒格贝去。 + + 蔑克里斯厌了，希尔达并不喜欢蔑克里斯，但是她觉得他似乎比克利福好一点。她们妹妹俩又回到米德兰去了。 + + 希尔达向克利福交叔叔。克利福的眼睛还是黄的。他也是一样。他有他的焦虑过头的地方。但是他不得不听希尔达的一番话和医生的一番话；他却不听——当然啦——蔑克里斯的那番话的。他听着这个最后通隙，麻木地不做一声。 + + "这儿是一个好男仆的地址，他服侍过那个医生诊治的一个残废人，那病人是前月死了的，这是一个很好的用人、他一定肯来的。" + + "但是我并不是一个病人，而且我不要一个男仆。"克利福这可怜的家伙说。 + + "这儿还有两个妇人的地址，其中一个是我见过的，她很合适，她是一个五十上下的妇人，安静、壮健、和蔼，而且也受过相当的教养……" + + 克利福只是倔怒着，不答应什么。 + + "好吧，克利福，要是到明天还没有什么决定，我便打电话报给父亲，我们便把康妮带走。" + + "康妮愿意走么？"克利福问道。 + + "她是产愿意走的，但是，她知道这是不得不的事。我们的母亲是癌症死的，她这病是神经耗损后得来的，我们不要再冒同样的险了。" + + 到了次日。克利福出主意雇用波尔敦太太，她是达娃斯哈教区内的一个着护妇。显然这是女管家白蒂斯太太想起。波尔敦太太正在辞去教区里的职务而成为一个私人看护。克利福有一种怪癣，他很怕把自己委身于一个不相识的人。但是，当他的一次患了猩红热的时候，这位波尔敦太太曾经服侍过他，他是认识她的。 + + 妹妹俩立刻去见波尔敦太太。她住在一条街上的一所新房子里，这条街在达娃斯哈是算得高雅的。她是一个四十多岁的样子够好着的妇人，穿着看护妇的制服，白色的衣领和白色的围裙。她正在一个壅塞的小起坐室里煮着茶。 + + 波尔敦太太是顶殷勤顶客气的，看起来似乎很可爱。她说话时带着点土音，但说的是很正确的英语，因为她多年琐看护过那些矿工病人，并且他们都贴服地服从她，所以她对她自己是很自尊而且很自信的。简言之，在她的小环境里，她是村中领导阶级的一个代表，很受人尊敬。 + + "真的，查太莱男爵夫人的脸色真不好！是哟，她从前是那样丰美的，可不是吗？但是一个冬天来她就瘦弱了！啊，那是难堪的，真的可怜的克利福男爵！唉，那大战，好多的痛苦都是大战的啡恶啊！" + + 波尔敦太太答应了如果沙德罗医生可以让她去的话，她马上就可以到勒格贝去。她在教区里还要尽半个月的职务，但是他们也许可以找到一个替手的。 + + 希尔达忙跑过去见沙德罗医生。到了下个星期日，波尔敦太太便带了两口箱子，乘着马车到勒格贝来了。希尔达和她谈过几番话。波太太是无论何时都准备着和人谈话的。她看起来是宋的年青！热情来了时，是要把她的有点苍白的两颊潮红起来的。她是四十七岁了。 + + 她的丈夫德底·波尔敦，是在矿坑里出事死的。那是二十二年前的事了，那时正圣诞切，他抛下了她和两个女，其中一个还是襁褓之中，呵，这小女孩爱蒂斯现在已和雪非尔德的一个青年药剂师结了婚了。名他一个是在齐斯脱非尔德当教员，她每星期末了便回家来看望母亲，如果波太太不到旁地方去的话。年轻人今日是根写意的了，不象她——爱微·波尔敦——年轻的时候了。 + + 德底·波尔敦在煤矿穴晨发生爆炸而丧命时，是二十岁。那时，前的一个工友向他们喊着躺下，大家都及时躺下了，只有德底，他就这样丧失了性命。事后判查时，矿主方面他们说德底是慌张起来想逃走。没有服从命令，所以事实上，他是由自己的过错死的。于是赔偿费只有三百镑，他们还认为这是恩惠，因为死者是由自己的过错死的。而且这三百镑他们也不肯一次交给她；(她是想拿这笔钱来开个小铺子的。)他们说，要是一次交了她定要花光，也许要花在醉酒上呢！她只好每星期去领三十先令。是的，她只好每个星期一的早晨上办事处去，在那里站着直等两个钟头才轮到她；是的，差不多四年中，她每星期一都去。两个孩子都是这样幼小，她能怎样呢？但是德底的母亲却对她很好。当孩子们会走路时，白天里她常把她们看管着，而她，爱微，波尔敦呢，却到雪非尔德去上战地医院的课。到了第四年，她又攻读看护的课程，而且得到了文凭。她决心不领先他人，而自己养育她的孩子。这样，她在阿斯魏特医院当了一个时期的助手。达娃斯哈煤矿公司的当事人，——事实上便是克利福男爵——看见了她能独身奋斗，却对她起了艰感，他们给了她教区看护的位了，事事从旁先后，这是她不能不说的。她在那里工作着，直至现在，她觉得这工作在些使她疲乏了，她需要找点清闲些的事了，一个教区看护的工作，是个不忙的工作呵。 + + "是的，公司对我很好，我常常这样说。但是我永忘不了他们对德底所说的话，因为从来没有一个矿工是象德底那样隐健丽勇敢和，而他们所说的话，等于骂他是个懦夫。但是，他已死了，他再也不能说什么以自白了。" + + 她的话里奇异地显示着各种感情的交错。她喜欢那些她多年来看护过的矿工们，但是她觉得自己比他们高得多。她差不多觉得自己是上层阶级的人，而同时，她心里却潜伏着一种对于统治阶级的怨恨。老板们，在工人与老板们中间起着争论的时候，她是常常站在工人方面的，但是如果那儿并没有什么争论的话，她是热切的希望着自己比工人高，而属于上层阶级的。上层阶级盘惑她，引起她的英国人所特有的脐身于显贵的热望。她到勒格贝来真是使她心醉极了，她心醉着能够跟查太莱男爵夫人谈话，老实说，这位男爵夫人不是那些矿工的妻子们比得上的！这是她敢率直地承认的。但是，一个人却可以觉察出来，她是有着一种对查太莱家的仇恨的，有着和种对老板们的仇恨。 + + "啊，是的，当然哪，那一定要使查太莱夫人操劳过度的：幸得她有个婶婶来帮助她。男子们是想不到的。他们无论尊卑都一样，他们觉得一个女子对他们所做的事是当然的。啊，我常常把这话对矿工们说。但是掩饰利福男爵也有他的难处。他是个两腿残废的人呢。查太莱家里一向都是些很自尊的人，常常总站在人的上头，这倒也是他们的权利。但是现在，受着这么一打击！这对于查太莱夫人是很难受的，也许她比他人觉得更难受呢。她是多么地缺憾啊！我有德底只有了三年，但是老实说，我有了他这许久，我是有过一个我永不能忘记的丈夫，干人中也找不出他这样的一个人的，他是快活得和春天一样的人。谁能想到他要死于非命呢？直到现在我还不相信他是死了；虽然是我亲手洗净他的尸体的，但是我从不能相信他是死了。我觉得他没有死，没有死，我决不能说他是死了啊。" + + 在勒格贝讲这种话是新鲜的，康妮觉得很新鲜的听着，那使她发生了一种新兴趣。 + + 起首的时候，波尔敦太太在勒格贝是很泰然的；但是渐淡地，她的安泰的样子和趾高气扬的声调失掉了，她成为惊惧不安的人了，对于克利福，她觉得害羞，差不多觉得惧怕，并且静默不敢多言。倒喜欢她这样，他不久便重整了他的威严，让她替他忙碌着而不自知。 + + "她是个有用的废物！"他说。康妮听了惊讶地圆睁着两眼，但她并不反驳他。两个不同的人所处的印象是这么相异呵！ + + 不久。她对那看护的态度变为王候式的威严了。她本来就等待着这个。他却不等她知道已将所等待的做到了。他人所等待于我们的事情，我们是灵敏一感到而且做到的！当她从前看护着受伤的矿工们或者替他们敷药时，他们多么象些孩子，对她倾谈着，诉说着他们的苦痛。他们常常使她觉得自己是多么高贵，多么超人地执行着她的义务。现在克利福却使她觉得自己微小得象一个仆人，而她也只好忍气吞声地接受这种情境，以讨好上层阶级的欢心。 + + 她来报侍他的时候，噤若寒蝉。她的长而标致的脸孔上，两只眼睛只敢向地下望。她很谦卑地说："这个要我现在做么，克利福男爵？那个要我做么？" + + "不，现在不用管，我以后再叫你做。" + + "是的，克利福男爵。" + + "半点钟后你再来吧。" + + "是的，克利福男爵。" + + "把这些旧报纸带出去吧。" + + "是的，克利福男爵。" + + 她温顺地走开了。半点钟后，她又温顺地回来。她给人差使着，但她并不介意。她正经验着上层阶级是怎样的一个阶级。她不抱怨克利福，也不讨厌他，他只是一个怪物，一个上层阶级的怪物——这个阶级是她今日以前所不认识的，但今日以后，她便要认识了她觉得和查太莱夫人在一起时好过得多了。在一个家庭里毕竟是女主人才算要紧呵！ + + 波太太每天晚上帮助克利福上床就寝。她自己睡在隔着一条走郎的一间房子里，夜里如果他按铃叫她，她得去，早晨她也去帮助他。不久，她服侍他一切梳洗穿着的事了，甚至还要替他刮脸，用她的柔和而女性的动作替他刮脸。她被和蔼，很机巧，她不久便知道怎样去管束他了。汉你在他的两颊上涂着肥皂的泡沫，柔和地擦着他粗硬的胡须时，他毕竟并不怎样于普通的矿工啊，那种高傲的神气和不直率的样子，并不使她难过，她正尝试着一种新和经验。 + + 虽然，在克利福的心里，他总不太宽恕康妮，因为她把她从前替他所做的私人工作都交给一个外来的雇佣的妇人了。他对自己说，她把他们两人间的亲密之花杀害了，但是康妮对这个却满不在乎，所谓他们间的亲密之花，她觉得有点象兰花，寄生在她的生命的树上，这样生出来的花，在她看来，是够难看的。 + + 现在，她比以前自由了，她可以在她楼上的房子里，幽雅地弹着琴，而且唱着："不要摸触那刺人的野草……因为爱之束缚不易解开。"她直至最近不没有明白那是多么不易解开，那爱之束缚。但是我谢天，她现在把它解开了！她是这样的愉活，她现在是孤独了，不必常常和克利福说话了，当他是一个人的时候，他打，打，打，打着打字机，无穷地打着。但是当他不"工作"，而她又在他身边时，他便谈着，总是谈着，无限细微地分析着各种人手、因果、性格及人品，她已经够胺了，好几年以来，她曾经爱过这些谈话，直至她受够了，突然地，她觉得再也不能忍受了。好了，她现在清静了，她真是感恩不尽哟。 + + 他们俩的心灵深处，好象生着成千成万的小根蒂和小丝线，互相交结着而成了一个混乱的大团，直至再也不能多生了，而这个植物便渐渐萎死下去。现在，她冷静地、细密地把他俩的心灵间的交错的毛团清理着，好好地把乱丝一条条地折断，忍耐而又着急地想使自己自由起来。但是这第一种爱情的束缚，比其他的束缚都难解脱，虽然波尔敦太太来了，那量个大大援助。 + + 但是，他还是和从前一样，每个晚上他总要和康妮亲密地谈话：谈话或高声地念书。但是，现在康妮可以设法叫彼太太在十点钟的，时候来把他们中断了，于是十点钟的时候，康妮便可以到楼上去，一个人孤独着。有了波太太，不必替克利福忧虑什么了。 + + 波太太同白蒂斯太太在女管家的房子里吃饭，这种办法是大家都方便的。真奇怪，从前仆人的地方是那么远，现在象是移近了，好象在克利福书房门口了，因为女锭家白太太不时到波太太的房里去，当康妮和克利福孤独着的时候，她可以听见他们俩低声地谈着话，她好象觉得着那另一种强有力的雇佣者的生命在颤动着，而把起侍室都侵占了。这便是自从波尔敦太太来到勒格贝后的变化。 + + 康妮觉得自己已经解脱而进到另一个世界了，她觉得连呼吸都不同了。但是她还是惧怕，自己问着究竟她还有多少根蒂一……也许是侦关生死的根蒂，和克利福的根蒂交结着。虽然这样，她毕竟是呼明得更自在了，她的生命要开展一种新生活。 + + + + 第八章 + + 波尔敦太太对于康妮也是很慈爱地看护的，她觉得她必要把她的女性的职业的看护，扩张到女主人的身上。她常常劝男爵夫人出去散步，乘汽车到由斯魏特走走去，到新鲜空气里去，因为康妮已经成了个习惯，整天坐在火旁边。假装着看书，或做着活计，差不多不出门了。 + + 希尔达走了不久以后的一个刮风天，波太太对她说："你为什么不到树林里去散散步，到守猎人的村舍后边去看看野水仙？那是一幅不容易看到的最美丽的景色。并且你还可以采些来放在房里呢，野水仙总是带着那么愉快的风姿，可不是么？" + + 康妮觉得这主意很不坏，看看水仙花去！毕竟呢，为什么这样困守愁城，摧残自己？春天回来了……"春大显身手秋冬去复回，但是那欢乐的日子，那甜蜜地前来的黄昏或清晨，却不向我回来。" + + 而那个守猎人！他的纤细的白皙的身体，象是一枝肉眼不能见的花朵里的孤寂的花心！她在极度的颓丧抑郁中竟把他忘记了，但是现在什么东西在醒转了……幽暗地，在门廊与大门的那边……所要做的，但是通过那些门廊与大门。 + + 她现在更有气力了，走起路来也更轻快了，树林里的风，不象花园里的风那么紧吹着她而使人疲乏。她要忘记，忘记世界和所有可怖的行尸走肉的人们，在三月的风中，有无穷的词语在她的心中迅疾经过："你得要投胎重生！我相信肉体之复活！假如一粒小麦落在地下面不死，它是要发牙的……当报春花生长晨，我也要露出头来看太阳！" + + 一阵阵的阳光乍明乍暗，奇异的光辉，林边棱树下的毛莫草，在阳光照耀下，好象金叶似的闪着黄光，树林里寂静着，这样地寂静着，但给一阵阵的阳光照得揣揣不安，新出的白头翁都在开花了，满地上散布着它们苍白的颜色。整个树林都好象苍白了。"在您的呼吸之下，世界就成苍白了" + + 但是这一天，那却是珀耳塞福涅的呼吸；她在一个寒冷的早晨，从地狱中走了出来，一阵阵的风呵着冷气，在头顶上，那纠缠在树枝间的乱风在愤怒着。原来风也是和押沙龙一样，被困着，但是挣扎着想把自己解脱出来，那些白头翁草看来多么怕冷的样子，在它绿色的衣裙上，耸着洁白的赤裸的肩膊。可是它们却忍得住。在小径的旁边，还有些抉出的小莲馨花，乍开着黄色的花蕾。 + + 狂怒的风在头顶上吼叫着，下边只有一阵阵的冷气，康妮在树林里奇异兴奋起来，她的两颊上潮红涌起，两只眼睛蓝得更深。她蹒跚地走着，一边采些莲馨花初出的紫罗兰，又香又冷的紫罗兰。她只管前进着，不知自己是在那里。 + + 末了，她到了树林尽头的空旷处，她看见了那带绿色的石筑的村舍，远看起来差不多是淡红色的，象是一朵菌的下面的颜色，村舍的石块绘阳光温暖着。在那关闭着的门边，有些素馨花在闪着黄色的光辉。但是静寂无声。烟囱里不冒烟，也没有狗吠声。 + + 她静默地绕到屋后面去，那儿地势是隆起的，她有个托词，她是来看野水仙的。 + + 它们都在那儿，那些花柄短短的野水仙，在发着沙沙的的声响，摇动着，战栗着，这样的光耀而富有生命，但是它们都在闪避着风向，而不知何处藏匿它们的脸儿。 + + 它们在窘迫至极的时候，摇摆着那光辉的向阳小花瓣，但是事实上也放它们喜欢这样——也许它们喜欢这样地受着虐待。 + + 康妮靠着一株小松树下，这小松树在她的背后，荡动着一种奇异的、有弹性的、有序的、向上的生命。直耸着，流动着，它的树梢在太阳光里！她望着那些野水仙花，在太阳下变成金黄颜色，这同样的太阳，把她的手和膝疯都温暖起来，她甚至还闻着轻微的柏油昧的花香。因为是这样的静寂，这样的孤独，她觉得自己是进入到了她自己的命运之川流里去了。她曾经被一条绳索系着，颠簸着，摇动着，象一只碇泊着的船。现在呢，她可以自由飘荡了。 + + 冷气把阳光赶走了。野水仙无言地深藏在草荫里。它们整天整夜在寒冷中这样深藏着，虽然是弱质，但是那么强悍！ + + 她站了起来，觉得有些硬直，采了几朵野水仙便走了。她并不喜欢摘断花枝，但是她只要一两朵去伴她回去。她不得不回勒格贝去，回擂格贝的墙里去。唉！她多么恨它，尤其是它坚厚地墙壁！墙归墙！虽然，在这样的风里，人却需要这些墙壁呢。 + + 她回到家里时，克利福问她道 + + "你到那儿去了？" + + "一直穿过了树林，你瞧，这些小野水仙花不是很可爱么？想一想，它们是从泥土中出来的！" + + "还不是从空气里和阳光里出来的。"他说。 + + "但是在泥土中形成的。"她反驳他说，自己有点惊异着能反驳得这么侠。 + + 第二天午后，她又回一到树林里去。她沿着落叶松树丛中的那条弯曲而上知的大马路走去，直至一个被人叫做和约翰并的泉源。在这山坡上，冷气袭人，落叶松的树荫下，并没有一朵花儿。但是那冰冷的泉源，却在它的自里带红的纯洁的细石堆成的小井床上，幽烟地涌着。多么冰冷，清澈，而且光亮！无疑地那晰来的守猎人添放了些小石子。她听着溢出的水，流在山坡上，发着叮略的细微声。这声音甚至比那落叶松林的嘶嘶的怒号声更高，落时松林在山坡上，遍布着忿怒的、无叶的、狞恶的暗影。她听见好象一些渺小的水铃在鸣着。 + + 这地方阴森得有些不祥的样子，冷而且潮湿。可是，几个世界以来，这井一定曾经是人民钢水的地方，现在再也没有人到这里来饮水了。阂围的小空地是油绿的，又冷又凄惨。 + + 她站了起来，慢慢地步回家去，一边走着，她听见了右边发着轨微的敲击声，她站着静听。这是锤击声还中一只啄木鸟的啄木声？不，这一定是锤击声。 + + 她继续走路，一边听着，她发现了在小杉树的中间，有一条狭窄的小径，一条迷失的小径。一条迷失的小径，但是她觉得这条小径是被人走过的，她冒险地沿这小径上走去，那两旁的小杉树，不久便要给老橡林淹没了，锤击的声音，在充满着风的小杉树，不久使要给老橡林淹没了。锤击的声音，在充满着风的树林之静默中——因为树木甚至在它们的风声中，也产生一种静默——愈来愈近。 + + 她看见了一个幽秘的小小的空地，和一所粗木筑成的幽秘的小屋，她从来没有到过这儿的！她明白了这是养育幼稚的幽静的地方，那守猎的人，只穿着衬衣，正跪在地上用铁锤锤击着什么，狗儿向她走了过来，尖锐地疾疾地吠着，守猎人突然地抬起头来，看见了她。他的眼睛里表现着惊愕的神气。 + + 他站了起来向她行礼，静默地望着她，望着她四肢无力地走了近来，他埋怨她不该侵犯了他的孤独，这孤独是他所深爱，而认为是他生命里唯一的和最后的自由。 + + "我奇怪着迷锤声是怎么来的。"她说着，觉得自己无力，而气急。而后有点怕他因为他晕佯直直地望着她。 + + "我正准备些小鸟儿用的笼子。"他用沉浊的土话说。 + + 她不知怎么说好，而且她觉得软弱无力。 + + "我想坐一会儿。"她说。 + + "到这小屋里坐坐吧。"他说着，先她走到小屋里去，把些废木树推在一边。拖出了一把榛树枝做的粗陋的椅子。 + + "要给你生点吗？"她答道。 + + 便是望着她的两手：这两只手冷得有些紫了。于是他迅速地拿了些松枝放在屋隅的小夸炉里，一会儿，黄色的火焰便向烟囱里直冒。他在那火炉的旁边替她安顿了一个位子。 + + "坐在这儿暖一暖吧。"他说。 + + 她服从着。他有着一种慈爱的保护者的威严，使他马上听从。她坐了下来，在火焰上暖着两手，添着树枝，而他却在外边继续着工作。她实在不愿意坐在那儿，在那角落里火旁边藏匿着，她宁愿站在门边去看他的工作。但是她巳受着人家的款待，那么她只好服从。 + + 小屋里是很舒适的，板壁是些没有上漆的松木做的。在她坐的椅子旁，有一张小桌子，一把粗陋的小凳，一条木匠用的长板凳，还有一日大木箱，一些工具，新木板，钉子和各种各样的东西挂在钩子上，大斧、小斧、几个捕兽的夹子，几袋东西和他的外衣，那儿并没有窗户，光线是从开着的门边进来的，这是一个杂物的储藏室，但同时却也是一个小小的庇护所。 + + 她听着锤击声，这并不是一种愉快的声音，他是不高兴的。一个女人！侵犯了他的自由与孤独，这是多么危险的侵犯！他在这大地上所要的，便是孤独，他是到了这步田地的人了，但是，他没有力量去保卫他的孤独；他只是一个雇佣的人，而这些人却是他的主子。 + + 尤其是，他不想再和一个女人接触了，他惧怕，因为过去的接触使他得了一个大大的创伤。他觉得，要是他不能孤独，要是人不让他孤独，他便要死，他已经完全与外界脱离了；他的最后藏身处便是这个树林：把他自己藏在那儿！ + + 康妮把火生得这样的猛，她觉得温暖起来了一会儿她觉得热起来了。她走出门边坐在一张小凳上，望着那个工作着的人。他好象没有注意她，但是他是知道她在那儿的．不过他仍然工作着，似乎很专心地工作着，他的褐色的狗儿坐在他的旁边，视察着这不可信任的世界。 + + 清瘦、沉静、而又敏捷，那人把笼子做好了，把它翻了过去，试着那扇滑门，然后把它放在一边。然后他站了起来，去取了一只旧笼子，把它放在刚才工作着的板上。他蹲伏着，试着上面的木棒是不是坚实，他把其中的几根折断了，又开始把钉子拨出来，然后他把木笼前后翻转着考量，他一点儿也不露着他觉察了有一个女人在那儿。 + + 康妮出神地望着他。那天当他裸体的时候她所觉得的那种孤独，她现在能在他的衣服下感觉出来：又孤独，又专心，他象一只孤独地工作着的动物。但是他也深思默虑着，象一个退避的灵魂，象一个退避一切人间关系的灵魂。即在此刻，他就静默地、忍耐地躲避着她。这么一个热情的躁急的人的这种静默，这种无限的忍耐，使康妮的子宫都感动了。她可以从他俯着的头。他的又敏捷又安静的两只手和他那纤细多情的弯着的腰部看出这些来，那儿有着什么忍耐着退缩着的东西，她觉得这个人的经验比她自已的深广，深广得多了。也许比她的还要残酷。想到了这个倒使她觉得轻松起来，她差不多觉得自己没有负什么责任了。 + + 这样，她坐在那小屋的门边，做梦似的，全失了时间和环境的知觉。她是这样地仿佛着，他突然地向她望了一望，看见了她脸上那种十分静穆和期待的神情。在他，这是一种期待的神情，骤然地，他仿佛觉得他的腰背有一支火馅在扑着，他的心里呻吟起来，他恐怖着，拒绝着一切新的密切的人间关系。他最切望的便是她能走开，而让他孤独着，他惧怕她的意志，她的女性的意志，她的新女性的固执，尤其是，他惧怕她的上流社会妇女的泰然自若、果敢无畏的您情任性。因为毕竟我只是一个佣人，他憎恨她出现在这个小屋里。 + + 康妮忽然不安地醒转过来，她站了起来，天色已经黄昏了；但是她不能走开。她向那人走了过去，他小心翼翼地站着，他的憔悴的面孔僵硬而呆滞，他注视着她。 + + "这儿真舒服，真安静。"她说，"我以前还没有来过呢。" + + "没来过么？" + + "我看我以后不时还要到这儿来坐坐。" + + "是吗？" + + "你不在这儿的时候，是不是把这屋门锁起的？" + + "是的，夫人" + + "你认为我也可以得一片钥匙么？这样我便可以不时来坐坐。钥匙有两片没有？" + + "据我知道，并没有两片。" + + 他又哼起他的土话来了。康妮犹豫着：他正在反对她了。但是，难道这小屋是他的么？ + + "我们不能多弄一片钥匙么？"她用温柔的声音问道，这是一个妇人决意要满她的要求时的声音。 + + "多弄一片！"他一边说，一边用一种忿怒和嘲弄的混合的眼光望着她。 + + "是的，多做一片同样的。"她说，脸红着。 + + "也许克利福男爵另有一片吧。"他用土话说。 + + "是的！"她说，"他也许另有一片，要不我们可以照你那片另做一片，想想那用不了一天的工夫，在这一天内你可以不用钥匙吧？" + + "我可不能说，夫人！我不认识这附近谁会做钥匙的。" + + 康妮气得通红起来。 + + "好吧！"她说，"我自己管去。" + + "是的，夫人。" + + 他们的视线遇着，他的眼睛是冷酷的，险恶的，充满着厌恶和侮蔑，漠然于未来的事情。她的眼睛则含恨的。 + + 但是，她的心里是难过的，她看见了当她反对他时，他是多么地厌恶她。她担负了他是在一种失望的神情中。 + + "再会吧！" + + "再会，夫人！"——他行了一个礼粹然地转身走了。 + + 她把他心里隐忧着和狂暴的旧恨——那对于坚执的妇人的愤怒——撩醒了，而他是无力反抗的，无可奈何的，他知道这个！ + + 她呢，她对于男性的固执也感到愤怒。尤其是一个仆人！她忧闷地、带恨地回到家里。 + + 她看见波尔敦太太在那棵大山毛榉树下等着她。 + + "我正不知道你什么时候回来，夫人。"她快活地说。 + + "我回来晚了吧。"她妮问道。 + + "啊……不过克利福男爵等着喝茶罢了。" + + "那么你为什么不替他弄呢？" + + "啊，我觉得我的位子不适合那种职务哟，并且我不相信克利福男爵会喜欢的，夫人。" + + "我不明白他为什么会不喜欢。"康妮说。 + + 她进里面书房里去会克利福，那把旧的铜开水壶正在扎盘上开着。 + + "我来晚了吧，克利福？"她说着，把她采的几朵花安置了，再把茶叶罐取了来，她站在扎盘旁边，帽子没有取下，围巾也还在颈上。"我真抱歉！为什么你不叫波太太弄茶呢？" + + "我没有想到这个。"他冷嘲地说，"我不太觉得她在茶桌上执行主妇的职务是合适的。" + + "啊，拿银茶壶来斟茶，并不见得怎么神圣。"康妮说。他奇异地望着她。 + + "你整个下午做什么来？" + + "散散步，坐在一个背风的地方休息。你知道大冬青树上还有小果子吗？" + + 她把她的肩披除了，但是还戴着帽子。她坐下去弄着茶。烤的面包一定已软韧不脆了。她把茶壶套子套上茶壶，站起来去找一个小玻璃杯，把她的紫罗兰花放在，可怜的花辨，在柔软的枝头低垂着。 + + "他们会活转来的！"她一边说，一边把杯子里的花端在他的面前让他闻。 + + "比朱诺的眼睑还要温馨。"他引起了这句话说。 + + "我觉得这句诗和这些紫罗兰一点关系也没有。"她说，"伊丽莎那时代的人都是有些空泛不着边际的。" + + 她替他斟着茶。 + + "那个养育幼雉的小屋，你知道有第二片钥匙吗？" + + "也许有吧，为什么？" + + "我今天无意中发现了这个地方——以前我从不晓得有这么一个地方的，我觉得那儿真可爱，我不时可以到那里去坐坐，是不是？" + + "梅乐士也在那里吗？" + + "是的！就是他的铁锤声使我发现那小屋的。他似乎很不乐意我去侵犯了那个地方。当我问他有没有第二片钥匙时，他差不多唐突起来了。" + + "他说了什么？" + + "啊，没有什么。只是他那对人的态度，他说钥匙的事他全不知道。" + + "在我父亲的书房里也许有一片吧。这些钥匙白蒂斯都认得，所有钥匙都在那里。我得叫他去找出来。" + + "啊，劳驾您！"她说。 + + "哎，你刚才不是说梅乐士差不多唐突起来了么？" + + "啊，那是值不得谈起的，真的！但是我相信他是不太喜欢我在他的宫堡里自由出入的。" + + "我也这样想。" + + "但是我不明白为什么不呢？毕竟那又不是他的家。那又不是他的私人住宅。我不明白为什么要是我喜欢时，我不能到那儿去坐坐？" + + "的确！"克利福说，"这个人，他自视太高了。" + + "你觉得他是这样的人么？" + + 无疑的，他是这样的一个人！他认为他是一个特别的人。你知道他曾经娶过一个女人，因为和她合不来，他便在一九一五年那年入了伍，而被派到印度去。不管怎样，他曾在埃及的马队里当过一时的蹄铁匠，他常常管着马匹，这一点他是能干的。以后，一个驻印度军的上校看上了他，把他升做一个中尉的军官，是的，他们把他升为一个军官。他跟他的上校回印度去，在西北部弄了一个位子。他在那里得了病，于是他得了一份恤金，他大概是去年才离开军队的吧。这当然喽，象他这种人要回到从前的地位去是不容易的事，但是他倒能尽他的职务，至少关于我这里的事他是能尽职的。不过，我是不喜欢看见他摆出中尉梅乐士的样子的。" + + "他讲的是一日德尔贝的话．他们怎么能把他升为一个军官呢？" + + "呵，他的土话是他觉得要说晨才说的，象他这种人，他能说很正确的英语的。我想他以为自己既重陷在这种地位是，便最好说这种地位的人所说的话罢了。" + + "为什么这些事你以前不对我说？" + + "啊，这些浪漫史我是厌烦的，浪漫史是破坏一切秩序的，发生浪漫史是万分可惜的。" + + 康妮觉得同意于这种说法，这些无得可以适合的、不知足的人，有什么用处？ + + 好天气继续着，克利福也决意到树林里去走走。风欧来是冷的，但并不令人疲惫，而且阳光象是生命的本身一样，又温暖又充实。 + + "真奇怪，"康妮说，"在一个真正新鲜而清朗的日子里，人觉得多么的不同，普通的时候，一个人觉得甚至空气都是半死的。人们正在连空气都拿来毁灭了。" + + "你这样想么？"他问道。" + + "是人，我这样想，各种各样的人的许多烦恼、不满和愤怒的气氛，把空气里的生气毁灭了。这是毫无可疑的。" + + "也许是空气的某种情况把人的生气削减了吧？" + + "不，是人类把宇宙摧残了。"她断言道。 + + "他们把自己的巢窠摧残了。"克利福说。 + + 小车子前进着，在擦树的矮林中，悬着些淡金色的花絮，在太阳晒着的地方，白头翁盛开着，仿佛在赞赏着生之欢乐，正如往日人们能够和它们一同赞赏的时候一样，它们隐约地发着苹果花香。康妮采了一些给克利福。 + + 他接在手里，奇异地望着这些花。 + + "啊，您啊，您是末被奸污的幽静的新妇……"他引了这句诗说，"这句诗与其用在希腊瓶上，似乎远不如用在这些花上适合。" + + "奸污是个丑恶的字！"她说，"这是人类把一切事物奸污了。" + + "啊，我可不知道，但是蜗牛们……" + + "甚至蜗牛们也不过只知道啮食，而蜜蜂们并不把东西奸污呢。" + + 她对他生气起来，他把每样东西都变成空虚的字眼。紫罗兰拿来比未诺的眼睑，白头翁拿来比未被奸污的新妇。她多么憎恨这些空虚的字，它们常常站在她和生命之间：这些现成的字句，便是奸污者，它们吮听着一切有生命的东西的精华。 + + 这次和克利福的散步，是不太欢快的。他和康妮之间，有着一种紧张的情态，两个人都假装着不去留意，但是紧张的情态是存在着的。骤然地，她用着女子的本能的全力，把他摆脱，她要从他那里摆脱出来。尤其要从他的"我"从他的空虚的字句，从他的自我的魔力中，从他的无限的单调的自我的魔力中解脱出来．天又开始下雨了，但是，下了一两天后，她冒着雨走到林中去，一进了树林，她便向那小屋走去。雨下着，但天气并不冷，在这朦胧的雨天中，树林是这样地寂静，这样地隔绝，这样地不可亲近。 + + 她来到了那块空旷的地方，一个人都没有！小屋门是锁着的。她坐在那粗陋的门檐下的门槛上。蜷伏在她自己的暖气里。她这样静坐着，望着霏霏的雨，听着雨滴的无声的声，听着风在树枝上的奇异的叹息，而同时却又仿佛没有风似的，老橡树环立着，它们的灰色的有力的树干给雨湿成黑色，圆圆的，充满着生命，向四阂进发着豪放的树枝，地上并没有什么细树乱草。有的是繁衍的白头翁，一两株矮树、香木、或雪球树，和一堆淡紫色的荆棘。在白头翁的绿衣下面，衰老而焦红的地方。末被奸污！而全世界却都被奸污了。"某种东西是不能被奸污的，你不能奸污一罐沙丁鱼，许多女子象罐里的沙丁鱼，许多男子也是一样，但是她的内在的、怨恨的、不可拒抗的力量压着她，使她象麻痹了似地钉在那儿。 + + 被奸污！唉！一个人是可以不待被人摸触而被奸污的！一个人是可以被那些淫秽的死字眼和鬼缠身似的死理想奸污的！ + + 一只褐色的雨琳湿了的狗，跑着走了前来，它并不吠，只是举着它的湿尾巴。守猎人跟在后面，穿着一件象车夫穿的黑油布的给雨淋湿的短外衣，脸孔有点红热，她觉得当他看见了她时疾速的步伐退顿了一下，她在门搪下那块狭小的干地上站了起来，他无言地向地行个礼，慢慢地走上前来，她准备要走开了。 + + "我正要走了。"她说。 + + "你是等着要进里面去么？"他用土话说道。他望着小屋，并不望着康妮。 + + "不，我只坐在这儿避避雨。她尊严地、镇静地说。 + + 他向她望着，她象是觉得冷的样子。 + + "那么，克利福男爵没有另一片钥匙么？"他问道。 + + "没有。但是没有关系。我很可以在这屋搪下避雨的，再见！"她恨他的满口的土话。 + + 当她走开时，他紧紧地望着她，他掀起了他的外衣，从他的袋里，把小屋门的钥匙取了出来。 + + "你还是把这片钥匙拿去吧，我会另外找个地方养幼雉去。" + + 她望着他问道："这是什么意思？" + + "我说我会另外找个地方养幼雉去，要是你到这儿来，大概你不喜欢看见我在你的旁边。老是来来往往，忙这忙那的。" + + 她望着他，明白了他的模糊不表的土话的意思。她冷淡地说： + + "为什么你不说大家说的英语？" + + "我？我以为我说的是大家说的英语呢。" + + 她忿怒地静默了一会。 + + "那么，要是你要这钥匙，你还是拿去吧。或者，我还是明天再交给你吧，让我先把这地方清理出来，你觉得好不好？" + + 她更气了。 + + "我不要你的钥匙，"她说："我不要你清理什么东西出来。我一点也不想把你从这小屋里赶走，谢谢你！我只要不时能到儿来坐坐，象今天一样，但是我还可以坐在这门檐下。好了，请你不要多说了。" + + 他的两只狡猾的蓝眼睛又向她望着。 + + "但是，"他用那沉浊的迂缓的土话说，"小屋是欢迎夫人来的，钥匙是她的，其他一切都是她的。不过，在这个季节，我得饲养小雉，我得忙这忙那的。如果在冬天，我便差不多用不着到这小屋里来。但是现在是春天了，而克利福男爵要我开始养些雄鸡……夫人到这儿来时，无疑地不愿意我老是在她周围忙忙碌碌。" + + 她在一种朦胧的惊愕中听着他。 + + "你在这里于我有何关系呢？"她问道。 + + "这是我自己要觉得碍事！"他简单地但是意味深长地说。她的脸红了起来。 + + "好！"她最后说，我妨碍你好了，但是我觉得坐在这儿，看你管理着站雄鸡，于我一点也没有关系，而且我还喜欢呢，但是你既以为这是碍你的事，我便不丙妨碍你好了，你不要害怕了，你是克利福男爵的守猎而不是我的。" + + 这句话是奇异的，她自己也不知道她为什么说出了这样的话。 + + "不，夫人，这小屋子是夫人的，夫人随时喜欢怎样就怎样。你可以在一星期前通知我把我辞退了，只是…… + + "只是什么？"她不知所措地问道。 + + 他怪可笑地把帽子向后推了一推。 + + "只是，你来这里时，尽可以要求这小屋子你一个人用，尽可以不愿意我在这儿忙这忙那的。" + + "但是为什么？"她恼怒地，说"你不是个开化了的人么？"你以为我应该怕你么？为什么我定要留心你和你的在与不在？难道那有一点儿关系么？ + + 他望着她，脸上显着乖戾的笑容。 + + "没有的，夫人，一点儿关系也没有的。"他说。 + + "那么，为什么呢？"她问道。 + + "那么，我叫人另做一片钥匙给夫人好吗？" + + "不，谢谢！我不要。" + + "无论如何我另做一片去，两片钥匙好些。" + + "我认为你是个鲁莽的人！"康妮说，脸红着，有些气急了。 + + "啊，啊！"他忙说道，"你不要这样说！啊，啊！我是不含坏意的，我只是想，要是你要到这儿来，我便搬迁，而在旁的地方另起炉灶，那是要花好大的功夫的，但是如果夫人不要理会我，那么……小屋子是克利福男爵的，而一切都听夫人的指挥，听夫人的便，只要我在这儿做这做那的时候，夫人不要理会我就完了。" + + 康妮迷乱得莫名其妙地走开了。她不知道自己究竟是不是给他侮辱了，是不是给他极端干了，也许他说的话并不含有什么坏意，也许他不是要说，如果她去那小屋里，她便要他避开。好象她真有这个意思似的！好象他那傻子在不在那里，有什么关系似的！ + + 她在纷乱的屋中回家去，不知道自己在想着什么，感觉着什么。 + + + + 第九章 + + 康妮惊讶着自己对于克利福的厌恶的感觉，尤其是，她觉得她一向就深深地讨厌他。那不是恨，因为这其中是并没有什么热情的，那是一种肉体上的深深的厌恶，她似乎觉得她所以和他结婚，正因为她厌恶他，一种不可思仪的肉体的上厌恶他，则实际上，她所以和他结婚，是因为他在精神上吸引她，兴奋她的缘故。在某种情形之下，他好象是比她高明，"是她的支配者。 + + 现在，精神上的吸引已经衰萎了，崩溃了，她所感到的只是肉体上的厌恶了。这种厌恶从她的心的深处升起，她体悟了她的生命曾经给这兢兢业业恶的感觉怎样地咀食着。 + + 她觉得自己毫无力量，而且完全地孤独无诊了。她希望有什么外来的救援，但是整个世界中并没有可以救援的人。社会是可怕的，因为它是癫狂的。文明的社会是癫狂的。金钱和所谓爱情，便是这个社会的两个狂欲，其中金钱尤为第一，在混沌的疯狂里，一个人在这两种狂欲中——金钱与爱情中——追逐着。看着蔑克里斯！他的生活，他活动，只是癫狂罢了。他的爱情也是一种癫狂症。 + + 克利福也是一样，所有他的谈话，所有他的作品，所有他的使他自己飞黄腾达的狂野的挣扎！这一切都是癫狂，事情却越见坏下去，而成了真正的狂病了。 + + 康妮觉得惊怕得麻木了。但是还好，克利福对她的操纵，改向波尔敦太太施展，她觉得轻松了许多，这一点是克利福自己不知道的，好象许多癫狂者一样，他的癫狂可以从他所不自知的事物的多少看出来，可以从他的意识的空虚看出来。 + + 波太太态度在许多事情上是可钦佩的，但是她有一种驾驭他人怪癖和坚持自己的意志的无限的固执，这是新妇女们的一个癫狂的标志。她相信自己是全身全心地尽忠于他人。克利福使她觉得迷惑，因为他常常或一直使她的意志挫折，好象他的本能比她的更精细似的，是的，他比她有着更精细更微妙的坚持意志的固执性，这便是克利家庭副业的地方吧。 + + "今天天气多么美好！"有时波太太要用这种迷人的动听的声音说，"我相信你今天坐着小车子出去散散步，一定要觉得写意的，多美丽的太阳！" + + "是么？给我那本书吧——那边。那本黄皮的。哎，把那些玉簪花拿开吧！" + + "为什么，这样好看花！它们的香味简直是迷人的。" + + "恰恰是那味道我不爱闻，我觉得有些殡葬的味道。" + + "你觉得么？"她惊讶地听道，有点觉得恼怒，但是被他的威严压服了，她把玉簪花拿了出去，深觉得他难于应付。 + + "今天要我替你刮脸呢，还是你喜欢自己刮呢？"老是那种温柔的，阿澳的，但是调度有方的声音。 + + "我不知道。请你等一会吧。我准备好了再叫你。" + + "是的，克利福男爵！"她温柔地、屈服地答道。然后静静地退发出去，但是每次的挫折，都增强了她的意志。 + + 过了一会他按铃时，她马上便到他那里去。他便要说： + + "我想今天还是你替我刮脸吧。" + + 她听了心里微微地颤动起来，她异常温柔地答道： + + "是的，克利福男爵！" + + 她是很伶俐的，她的抚触是温柔的，缠绵的，而又有点迂缓的，起初，她的手指在他的脸上的这种无限的温柔的抚触，渐渐地她的手指尖熟悉了克利福的脸颊和嘴唇，下颔和颈项了，他是个养尊处优的人，他的脸孔和头部是够好看的，而且他是一位贵绅士。 + + 她也是个漂亮的妇人，她的苍白的有点较长的脸孔，非常肃穆；差不多是用着爱情，她可以提着他的咽喉，而他好像对她驯服起来了。 + + 她现在是什么都替他做了。他也觉得在她手里比在康妮手里更自然、更无羞赧地去接受她的卑贱的服役了。好喜欢管理他的事情，她爱担任他的身体上的所有的事情，至于最微贱的工作。有一天，她对康妮说： + + "当你深深地认识他们的时候，一切男子实在都是些婴孩。啊，我看护过达娃斯哈矿里最可怕最难对付的工人，但是他们一有什么痛苦，而需要你的看护的时候，他们便成为婴孩，只是些大婴孩罢了。啊，所有的男子都是差不多的。" + + 起初，波尔敦太太相信，一位贸绅，一位真正的贵绅，如克利福男爵，是会有什么不同的，所以克利福开始占了上风，但是渐渐地，如她所说的，当她深深地认识了他的时候，她发觉他并不异于他人，只是一个有着大人的身体的婴孩罢了，不过这个婴孩的性情是怪异的，举止上斯文的。他富有威权，他有种种她所毫无而他能够用以驾驭她的奇异的知识。 + + 有时康妮很想对克利福说： + + "天哟！不要这样可怕地深陷在这个妇人的手里吧！"但是，她并没有说出来，因为她始终觉得她并不怎么把他放在心里。 + + 他们俩依旧守着从前的习惯，晚上直到点钟，是要在一起度过的，他们谈着，或一起读着书，或校阅着他的草稿。但是此中的乐趣早已消失了，他的草稿使康妮烦厌，但是她还是尽她的义务，替他用打字机抄录着，不过，不要等待多时，那将是波太太来做这工作了。 + + 因为康妮对波太太来做这工作了。 + + 因为康妮对疲太太提议过她应该学习打字，波太太是随时都准备着动手的人，她马上便开始了，而且勤勉地练习着，现在，克利福有时口念着一封信叫她打，她可以打出来了，虽然是有点缓慢，但是没有错了，他很有耐性地把难字和遇着要用法文时一个个的字母念给她。她是这样的兴奋，所以教授她差不多可说是一件乐事了。现在，晚饭过后，有时康妮便借口头痛到楼上房里去了。 + + "啊，不要担心，你回房里去休息，亲爱的。" + + 但是她走了不久，他便按铃叫波太太来玩皮克或齐克纸牌戏，甚至下象棋了，他把这些游戏都教给了她；康妮觉她波太太那种红着兴奋得象女孩子似的样子，手指怪不安地举着他的棋子又不敢动的样子，真是难看，克利福用着一种优胜者的半嘲弄的微笑，对她说： + + "你应当说：我调子了！" + + 她的光亮的惊异的眼睛望着他，然后含笑地驯服地低声说： + + "我调子了！" + + 是的，他正教育着她，他觉得这是一件快乐的事，这给他一种权威的感觉。而她呢，也觉她迷醉，而同时，她使他觉得需要她在身边，她的天真的迷醉，对他是一种微妙的深深的阿瘐。 + + 康妮呢，她觉得克利福的真面目显露出来了：他有点肥胖臃肿，有点庸俗，平凡，并没有什么才气，波太太的把戏和她的谦卑的威风，也太透明了，不过康妮所奇怪的便是这个妇人从克利福那里所得到的天真的迷醉，说她是爱上了他，这是不对的，他是一位上流社会的人，一位有爵衔的贵绅，一个相片在许多画报上登着，能够写书吟诗的人。他只是觉得和这第一个人亲近，使他迷醉罢了，她迷醉到了一种怪异的热情的地步。他的"教育"她，对她所引起的一种兴奋的热情，是比恋爱所能引起的更深更大的。实际上，不可能有爱情的活动，跟另种热情——知识的热情，和他一样有知识的热情一道，使她迷醉到骨髓里。 + + 在某一点上，毫无疑义这妇人是钟爱他了：姑无论我们把钟爱两字怎样看法，她看起来是这样漂亮，喧佯年轻，她的灰色的眼睛有时是迷人的，而同时，她还有一种隐忧的温柔的满足样子，那几乎是得意的、秘密的满足。咳！这种秘密的满足，康妮觉得多么讨厌但是克利福之深陷于这个妇人的手中，是无足惊异的！她深深地坚持地爱慕他，全心全身地服侍他，使他可以任意地使用她。他觉得被馅媚，是无可惊奇的了。 + + 康妮详细地听着他们俩的谈话，大部分是波太太在说话，她对他说着一大堆达娃斯哈村里的闲话，那是比闲话甚的，什么格丝太太、佐治。爱里欧、美福小姐凑在一起。关于平民生活的事情，只要波太太一开口，那是比一切书本都详细的，所有这些平民都是她所深悉的，她对他们的事情是这样的感觉兴趣，这样的热心。听她说话是令人叹服的，虽然那未免有点儿屈辱，起初，她不敢对克利福"说起达娃斯哈"——这是她自己的口吻，但是一说起了就多么起劲！克利福听着，是为找"材料"，他觉得其中的材料有的是，康妮明白了他的所谓天才就是：知道利用闲话的一种伶俐的能干，聪明，而外表则装作满不在乎。波太太，当然"说起达娃斯哈"来是很起劲的。甚至滔滔不绝的，什么事情她不知道！她很可以说出十二部书的材料来呢。 + + 康妮很迷愕地听着她。但是听了后又常常觉得有点羞耻。她不应该这样好奇地、津津有味地听着她的。不过，听他的人最秘密的故事毕竟是可以的，只要用一种尊敬的心听着，用一种体贴的锐敏的心，去同情于挣扎受苦的人的灵魂。因为，甚至笑谑也是同一的一种形式呢，真正的定夺我们的生命的。东西，便是盾我们怎样广布或同缩我们的同情、这点便是一篇好小说之最重要的地方。它——小说，能够引导我们的同情心流向新的地境，也能够把我们同情心从腐朽的东西引退。所以，好小说能够把生命最秘密处启示出来，因为生命中之热情的秘密处，是最需要锐敏的感悟之波涛的涨落，去作一番澄清和振作的工作的。 + + 但是小说也和闲话一样，能够兴奋起虚伪的同情，而为灵魂的机械的致伤。小说能够把最龌龊的感情瘭崇起来，虽然这种感情在世人的眼中是"纯洁"的，于是小说和闲话一样，终于成为腐败了。而且和闲话一样，因为常常地假装着站在道学方面说话，尤其是腐败不堪了。波太太的闲话，是常常站在道学方面说的。他是这么一个坏男子，她是这么一个好女人。"这种话常常不离她的口，因此康妮从波太太的闲话里，能够看出妇人只是一个甜言蜜语的东西，男子是太忠厚的人，但是根据波太太那种错误的、世俗的同情心的指引，太忠厚使一个男子成为"坏"人，而甜言蜜语使一个妇人成为"好"人。 + + 这便是听了闲话使人觉得耻辱的缘故，这也是多数的小说，尤其是风行的小说，使人读了觉得耻辱的缘故，现在的民众只喜欢迎合他们的腐败心理的东西了。 + + 虽然，波太太的闲话，使人对达娃斯哈村得了一个新认识，那种丑恶的生活多么龌龊可怖！全不象从表面上所见地那么平淡所有这些闲话中的主人翁，自然都是克利福所面熟的，康妮只能知道一二。听着这些生活故事，人要觉得那是在一个中非洲的野林中，而不象在一个英国的村中。 + + "我想我们已经听见爱尔苏女士在前星期结了婚吧，谁想得到！爱尔苏女士，那老鞋匠詹姆士。爱尔苏的女儿。你知道他们在源克罗起了一所房子。老头儿是去年摔在地上死的；他八十三岁了，却精健得象一个孩子似的，分在北士乌山上一条孩子们在冬做的滑冰道上摔了一跤，把大腿折断了，那便完结了他的生命。可怜的老头儿，真是可怜，好，他把所有的钱都传给黛蒂了，他的男孩子们却一枚铜板都没有得到！黛蒂呢，我是知道的，她长五岁，……是的，她去年秋天是五十三岁。你知道他们都是些很信教的人，真人！父亲死后，她开始和一个琴卜绿的男子来往，我不知道你们认识他不，他叫威尔谷，是一个红鼻子。够好看，上了年纪的人，他在哈里孙的木厂里做工，好，他至少有六十五岁了；但是如果你看见了他们俩臂挽着臂，和在大门口接吻的情形你要以为他们是一对年青的鸳鸯呢！是的，在正对着派克罗的大路的窗口上，她坐在他的膝上，谁都可以瞧得见。他是有了几个四十岁以上的儿子的人了，他的太太的死去，也不过是两年前的事呢！如果那老詹姆士·爱尔苏没有从坟墓里爬出来生她的气，那是因为他出不来；他生前对她是很严厉的！现在他们结了婚了，到琴卜绿去住了。人们说，她从早至晚都穿着一件睡衣跑来跑去，多不体面的事！真的，我敢说这些上了年纪的人的行为是不体面的！他们比年轻的人更坏，更令人厌恶呢。我常说：去看好的有益的电影戏，但是天啊，不要去看那些情剧和恋爱片，无论如何，不要让孩子们去看！但是事实上，大人比孩子更坏，而老年人尤其坏！说起什么道德，没有人会理会你的，人们是喜欢怎样做就怎样做，我不得不说，他们是无所谓道德不道德的。但是在这样的年头儿，他们不得不把风头收敛一下了，现在矿务不景气，他们也没有钱了，他们的抱怨是令人骇怕的，尤其是妇女们。男子们都是这样的好，这样的忍耐！他们可有什么办法，这些可怜虫！但是妇女们呢，啊，他们还是继续下去，她们凑着钱去绘玛丽公主的结婚送礼，但是当她们看见了公主所得的礼物都是些华贵堂皇的东西时，她们简直气疯了，她是谁，难道她比我们更值钱？为什么史磺爱格公司①给了她六件皮外套，而不给我一件？我真侮气出了十先令！我奇怪我出了十先令给她，她要给我什么东西？我的父亲的收入这样少，我甚至想一件春季外套都买不起，而她却几车几车地收。现在是时候了，穷人们应得些钱来花，富人们是享福享得够了，我需要一件新的春季外套，我实在需要，但是我怎么才能得到呢？我对她们说："算了，得不到你所想的这些艳丽的东西，也就算了，你能吃得饱穿得暖已经是四天之福了，而她们却驳我说："为什么玛丽公主并不穿上她的破旧衣裳说四天之福呢？还要我们别介意！象她这样的人，收着几车几车的衣裳，我却不能得一件春季的新外套，这真是奇耻大辱，一位公主！一位公主就能这样！那都是钱作怪，因为她有的是钱，所以人便越多给她！虽没有人给我钱，但我和他们有同样的权利呢，不要对我说什么教育，钱才是好东西，我需要一件春季的新外套，我实在需要，但我不会得到的，因为我没有钱……" + + 她们所关心的，便是衣裳。她们觉得拿七八个金镑去买一件冬季的外套——你要知道她们只是些矿工的女儿们哟——两个金镑去买一顶夏天的孩子帽。是很当然的，她们戴着两金镑的帽子到教堂里去。这些女儿们。要是在我年轻的时候，她们只要有一顶三先令帽子，已经要骄傲了！听说今年监理会派的教堂举行纵会时，他们要替礼拜日学校的孩子们建造一种讲坛似的太平台，高到天花板一样高，那礼拜日学校女生第一班的教员谭荪女士对我说，咳，这平台上的人穿的许多新的礼拜衣裳，价值定在一千镑以上！时候是这么不景气！但是你不能阻挡她们这么干。她们对于衣裳装饰品颠狂的，男孩们也是一样：他们找的钱全都花在他们自己身上：衣服，烟，酒，一星期两三次跑到雪非尔德去胡闹。唉！世界变了，所有这些青年，都无所忌惮，无所尊敬了，上了年纪的男子们，便都是那么柔顺，那么顺心。真的，他们让妇女们把一切都拿去。事情所以便到了这步田地。妇女们真是些恶魔呢，但是青年儿子们都不象他们的父亲了。他们什么都不能缺少，什么都不能牺牲，他们是要都为自己，要是你对他们说，应该省点钱成个家，他们便说：那用不着着急，我要及时享乐，其余一切都用不着着急。啊，他们是多么鲁莽，自私！一切都让老年人去干，一切都越来越糟了。" + + 克利福对于他的本村开始有个新认识了他常常惧怕这个地方；但是他相信安隐无事的。现在…… + + "村人中社会主义和波尔雪维克主义很盛行吗？"他问道 + + "啊，"波太太说，"听是听得见有一些人在高叫的，不过这些叫的人大都是些外面有钱妇女。男子们并不管这些东西的。我不相信达娃斯哈的男子会有变成赤色的一天的。他们对那种事情是太稳当了，但是年轻人有时也饶舌起来。那并不是因为他们真正有心。他们只要口袋里有点钱到酒店里去花，或到雪非尔德去胡闹，此外什么都不在他们的心上，当他们没有钱的时候，他们便去听赤党的天花乱附的宣传。但是没有人真相信。那么你相信没有什么危险么？" + + "啊，没有。只要买卖不坏，危险是不会有的，但是如果事情长期地坏下去，年轻人便不免要头脑糊涂起来。我告诉你：这些都是自私的放纵坏了的孩子，但是，他们不见得会做出什么事情来的。他们无论什么事都不认真，除了坐在两轮摩托车上出风头，和到雪非尔德的跳舞厅去跳舞。没有事情会使他们正经的，最正经的人是穿着晚服到跳舞厅去，在一群女子的面前熔耀一番，跳着这些新出的却尔斯登舞，什么不干！有时公共汽车上，挤满着这些穿着晚服的青年，矿工的儿子们，到跳舞厅去，不要说其他带了女朋友乖汽车或双轮摩托车去的人了。他们对什么事都不认真……除了对于东加斯脱和黛比的赛马会：因为他们每次赛马都要去赌的。还有足球呢！但是甚至足球也不象以前了，差得远了。他们说，玩足球太苦了，不，星期六的下午，他们订为不如乘双轮摩托车到雪非尔德或匿汀当玩去。" + + "但是他们到那里去干什么？" + + "呀，他们在那里闲荡……到讲究的茶园如美卡多一样的地方去上晚茶……带着女友到跳舞厅或电影院或皇家剧院去，女孩们和男孩们一样的放流。她们喜欢什么便做什么的。" + + "当他们没有钱去供这种种挥霍的时候又怎么样呢。" + + "他们总象是有钱似的也不知道怎么来的，没有钱的时候，他们便开始说些难听的话了，但是，据我看来，既然这些青年男女们所要的只是金钱来供享乐和买衣裳，怎么会沾染着什么波尔雪维克。他们的头脑是不能使他们成为社会主义者的，他们不够正经，他们永不会够正经地把什么事情正经看待的。" + + 康妮听着这一番话，心里想，下层阶级和其他一切阶级相象极了，随处都是一样：达娃斯哈或伦敦的贵族区梅费或根新洞都是一样。我们现在只有一个阶级了：拜金主义者，男拜金主义者和女拜金主义者，唯一不同的地方，就是你有多少钱和人需要多少钱罢了。 + + 在波太太影响之下，克利福开始对于他的矿场发生新兴趣了，他开始觉得事情是与自已有关系的，一个新的扩展自己的需要在他心里产生了。毕竟他是达娃斯哈的真主人，煤坑，便是他。这点使他重新感到权威，那是他一向惧怕着不敢想的。 + + 在达娃斯哈只有两处煤场了：一处就叫达娃斯哈，其他一处小新伦敦。从前达健斯哈是一个著名的煤场，曾内部矛盾过大钱的。但是它的黄金时代已经过去了。新伦敦从来变没有多大出息，平素不过能混过日子就是。但是瑞时候坏了，象新伦敦这种矿场是要被人放弃的了。 + + "许多达娃斯哈的男子们都跑到史德门和怀德华去了。"波太太说，"克利福男爵哟，你去史德门看过大战后成立的那些新工厂吗？啊！哪一天你得去看看，那全是些新式的设备啊，伟大的化学工厂建筑在煤坑上；那全不象是个采煤的地方了。人们说，人们说，他们从化学产品所得的钱，比煤炭所得的还要多……我忘记了是什么化学产品了而那些工人的宿舍，简直象王宫！附近的光棍们当然是趋之若鹜了。但是许多达娃斯哈人也到那里去了；他们在那边生活很好，比我们这里的工人还好。他们说，达娃斯哈完了，再过几年便要关闭了。而新伦敦是要先关的。老实说，如果达娃斯哈煤坑停工了，那可不是好玩的事！在罢工的时候，已经是够不幸了，但是老实说，如果真的倒毕下去，那便要象是世界的末日来到了，当我年轻的时候，这是全国顶好的煤矿场，那时在这里作工的人都要私自庆幸的。啊，达娃斯哈弄过不少钱呢！而现矿工他却说，这是一条沉着的船，大家都得离开了。真令人寒心！但是当然，不到不得已的时候，许多的不会就些离开的，他们不喜欢那些新式的，掘得很深的，用机器去工作有矿坑。有些人是看见了那些铁人——他们所起的名称——就生怕的，那些砍煤的机器代替了以前的人工。但是他们所说的话，在从前放弃人工织袜的时候就有人说过了，我记得还看见过一两架那种人工织袜机呢。但是老实说，机器越多，人也好象越多了！他们说。你不能从达娃斯哈的煤炭里取得和史德门那里一样的化学原材，那是奇怪的事，这两处煤矿相距只有三哩路。总之，这是他们所说的，但是人人都说想点方法改善工人的生活，不雇用女工——所有那些每天跑到雪非尔德的女子们——那是可耻的。老实说，达娃斯哈矿场，经过这许多人说是完了，说是象一只沉着的船似地离开了……。 + + "但如果复活起来，哪时谈起来一定有趣呢，但是人们什么不说呢！自然呀，当在大战的时候，什么都是蒸蒸向荣的，那时候佐佛来男爵自己把财产嘱托保管起来，这样所有的金钱才可以永远保全下去，我也不明白怎样，这是人们传说的！但是他们说，现在连主人和东家都得不着什么钱了。真难令人相信，可不是！我一向相信煤矿的事业是永久永久地继续下去的，当我还年轻的时候，谁想得到今日这种情形呢，但是新英格兰公司已关门了，大量高维克林公司也一样，是的，那真好看呢，如果到那小树林里去看看高维克林矿场在树木间荒芜着，煤坑下面生满了荆棘，铁轨腐锈得发红，死了的煤矿场，那是可怕得象顽强神本身一样的。天呀，要是达娃斯哈关门的话，我们将怎样呢？……那真令人不忍想象。除了罢工以外，总是挤挤拥拥的人骆在工作着，甚至罢工的时候，如果钱还没有得到手，风花还是转着的，这世界多奇怪，我们今年不知明年事，真是茫茫然啊。" + + 波太太的一番话，引起克利福的争斗的新精神，他的进款，波太太已指示过了，因为有他父亲的遗产，是无虞的，虽然那并不是一笔大进款。实际上，他并不真正地关心那些煤坑。他所欲夺得的是另一个世界，文学和荣耀的世界。换句话说，是名誉的成功的世界，而不是那劳工的世界。 + + 现在，他明白了名誉的成功与劳工的成功之间的不同了：一个是享乐的群众，一个是劳工的群众。他呢；站在个地位上，供给着享乐的群众以享乐的粮食——小说；这点他是成功了，但是在这享乐的群众以下，还有个狰狞、龌龊而且可怕的劳工群众。而这个群众也有他们的需要。供应这种群众的需要，比去供应其他群众的需要是可怖得多的工作。当他写着他的小说，正在那一边发迹的时候，这一边达娃斯哈却正在碰壁了，他现在明白了成功的财神有两个主要的嗜欲：一个是著作家或艺术家一类的人所供给的馅媚、阿谀、抚慰搔爬；而另一个是可怕的嗜欲是肉和骨。这财神所吃的肉和骨，是由实业上发财的人去供给的。 + + 是的，有两在群的狗在争夺着财神的宏爱：一群是馏媚者，他们向她贡献着娱乐、小说、影片、戏剧；其他一群不太铺线的但是粗野得多，向供给着肉食——金钱的实质。那装饰华丽的供给娱乐的狗群，彼此张牙舞爪地吵嚷着争取财神的这宠爱。 + + 但是比起那另一骆不可少的、内肉供给者们的你死我活地暗斗来，却又相差千里了。 + + 在波太太的影响之下，克利福想去参与另一群狗的战斗了，想利用工业出品的粗暴方法，去争取财神的宠爱了，他张牙舞爪起来了。在某种程度上，是波太太激化成就了一个大丈夫，这是康妮不曾做到的，康妮冷眼旁观，并且歙他觉知他自己所处的情态，波太太使他感觉兴趣的只是外界的事物，在内心他开始软腐了，但是在外表上他却开始生活了。 + + 他甚至勉强地重新回到矿场里去，他坐在一个大桶里，向矿穴里降下。他坐在一个大桶里，被人牵曳着到各个矿洞，大战前他所尽知而似乎完全忘记了的许多事情，现在都重新显现在他眼前了；他现在是残废了，端坐在那大桶里，经理用着强有力的灯光，照着矿脉给他看。他不太说话，但是他心里开始工作了。 + + 他开始把有关采矿工业的专门书籍重新拿来阅读；他研究着政府的公报，而且细心地阅读着德文的关于代矿学、煤炭化学及石脑油尖类化学的最新书报。当然，最有价值的发明人家是保密的。但是，当你开始探求采矿工业技术上的深奥，和研究各种方法之精密以及煤炭的一节化学可能性时，你是要惊愕近代技术精神之巧妙及其近于高的智慧的。那仿佛妖魔本身的魅幻的智慧，借给了工业的专门科学家。这种工业的专门科学，比之文学与艺术那种可怜的低能者的感情的产物有意味多了。在这园地中，人好象是神，或有灵感的妖魔，奋斗着去发现。在这种活动中，有些人精神的年龄，是高到不能计算的。但是克利福知道，这些同样的人，如果讲到他们的感情的与常人的生活状态上来，他们的精神年龄大约只有十三四岁——只是些柔弱的孩童罢了。这种天壤的相差则令人惊怖的。 + + 但是管这个干吗，让人类在感情上和"人性的"精神上陷到愚钝的极端去，克利福是不关心的。让这一切都见鬼去吧。他所注意的是近代采煤工业的技术，和达娃斯哈的再造。 + + 他一天一天地到矿场里去，他研究着，他把所有各部门的经理、工程师，都严厉地考询起来，这是他们从来没有梦想到的。权威！他觉得在自己的心里，滋生着一种新的权威的感觉：对所有这些人，和那内千矿工的权威。他发现了：他渐渐地把事情把握到手里来了。 + + 真的，他象是再生了，现在，生命重新回到他身上来了！他以前和康妮过着那种艺术家的和自学者的孤寂的私生活，他是渐渐地萎死下去的，现在，他屏除了这一切，他让这一切睡眠去了。他简直觉得生命从煤里从矿穴里蓬勃地向他涌来，于是，矿场的龌龊空气也比氧气还要好了,那予他以一种权威的感觉。他正开始他的事业了，他正在开始他的事业了。他就要得到了，得手了！那并不是象他用小说所得到的那种胜利，那只是竟尽精力，用尽狡猾的广告的胜利而已，他所要的是一个大丈夫的胜利。 + + 起初，他相信问题的解决点是在电力方面；把煤炭变成电力，以后，又来了个新主意。德国人巳发明了一种不用火力的发动机，这发动机所用的是一种新燃料，这燃料烧起来只要很少的量，而在某种特殊的情形下，能发生很大的热力。 + + 一种新的集中的燃料，烧得慢而热力又猛，这主意首先引起了克利福的注意；这种燃料，得要一种界和刺激物，光是空气的供给是不够的，他便开始做着实验，耸得了一位聪慧的青年来帮助他，这青年在化学的研究中，是有很高的成绩的。 + + 他觉得凯旋了。他锤从自我中跳出来了。他的从自我中跳出和毕生私愿已经实现了。艺术没有使他达到这个目的，反之，艺术只把他牵制了。但是现在呢？他的私愿已实现了。 + + 他并不知道波太太多么扶助自己，也不知道自己是多么领先她。但是有一件显然的事，就是当他和她在一起的时候，他的声调就变成安闲亲切的，差不多有些庸俗的了。 + + 和康妮在一起，他显得有点僵硬的样子，他觉得他该她一切一切的东西，所以对她尽可能地表示敬意与尊重，只要她在外表上对他还有敬意。但是很显然地，他在暗地里惧怕她。他心里的新阿咯琉斯。 + + + + 第十章 (1) + + 康妮现在十分孤独，到勒格贝来的人少了，克利福不再需要这些人。他是奇怪的，甚至一般知友他也索性不要了，他宁愿有一架无线电收音机，所以他发了不少钱安设了一架，花了不少的气力绥把机器弄好了。虽然米德兰的气候不好，但是有时他还可以听着玛德里和法兰克福的。 + + 他可以连续几个钟头坐在那儿听着那扬声器的吼叫。这把康妮的头弄错了。但是他却迷幻地坐在那儿，脸上的表情是空洞的，好象一个失了灵魂的人，听着，或名胜是呼着那无法说出的东西。 + + 他真正在听？抑或那只是当他心底里有事时所用的催眠剂？康妮可不知道，她逃避到自己房屋或树林里去。有时一种恐怖占据着她，一种对于那蔓延了整个文明人类的初期狂病所生的恐怖。 + + 但是现在克利福正向着这样一个实业活动的不可思议的世界猛进了。他差不多变成了一只动物，有着一个实用的怪壳为表，一个柔软的内髓为里，变成了一只近代实业与财政界的奇异的虾蟹，甲壳虫类的无脊动物，有着如机器似的钢甲和软闪的内部，康妮自己都觉得全摸不着头脑了。 + + 她还是不能自由，因为克利福总是需要他。他怪不安宁，好象生怕被她遗弃了的样子。他里面的软浆需要她，这是一个孩子的需要，差不多可以说是一个白痴的需要。查太莱男爵夫人。他的妻子，定要留在他的身边，在勒格贝。否则他便要象白痴似的迷失在一个荒野上。 + + 康妮在一种恐柿的情态中，明白了这种惊人的依赖生活。她听着克利福对他手下的经理们、董事们和青年科学家们说话，他的聪明锐利的眼光，他的权威，他的对于这些所谓实干家们的奇异的物质的权威，使他惊骇了。他自己也成为一个实干家了，而且是这么一个异乎寻常的、锐利而有权威的实干家，一个太上的主子。康妮觉得在克利福的生命的转变关头，这些都是波太太的影响所致的。 + + 但是这个锐利的实干家，一旦回到了他的个人感情生活时，他又几乎成为一个白痴了，他把康妮象神一般地敬爱，她是他的妻，一个更高的生物，他以一个崇拜偶象的心，奇异时卑贱地崇拜她，好象一个野蛮人，因为深怕甚至嫉恨神的权威而去崇拜神的偶像，一个可怖的偶像。她唯一要求的事，便是要康妮立誓不要离开他，立誓不要遗弃他。 + + "克利福，"她对他说"一但她得到了那小屋门的钥匙以后了你是不是真的要我哪一天生个孩子？" + + 他的灰色的有点突出的眼睛，向她望着，表示着几分不安。 + + "我是无所谓的，只要我们间不生什么变化。"他说。 + + "变化什么？"她问道。 + + "不使你我间发生变化，不使我们相互的爱情生变化，要是有什么变化的话，我是决然反对。可是，哪一天我自己也许可以有个孩子的！" + + 她愕然地望着他。 + + "我的意思是说，这些日子里，我那个也许可以恢复过来的。" + + 她者是愕然地望着他，他觉得不安起来。 + + "那么，要是我有个孩子，你是不愿意的了？"她说。 + + "我告诉你，"他象是一只穷巷的狗，赶快答道，"我十分愿意的，但要那不影响到你财我的爱情，否则我是绝对反对的。" + + 康妮只好静默无言，惊惧地轻蔑地冷静着。这种谈话是白痴的呓语，她再也不知道他在说着什么了。 + + "呵！那不会影响到我对你的感情的。"她带点嘲讽的意味说。 + + "好！"他说，"关键就在这儿，如果那样的话，我是毫不介意的。我想，有个孩子在家里跑来跑去，而且知道他的伟大前程已被确定，这太可爱了。我的努力得有个目的，我得知道那是你生的小孩是不是？亲爱的，我一定也要觉得那是我生的一样，因为，这种事情，全是为了你。你知道的，是不是？亲爱的，我呢，我是毫无重要的，我是一个零，在生命的事件上，唯有你才是重要的。你知道的，是不是？我是说，要是没有你，我是绝对地一个零，我是为你和你的前程活着的。我自己是毫无重要的。" + + 康妮看着他，心里的反感和厌恶越深下去。他所说的都是些败坏人类生存的可怖的半真理。一个有理智健全的男子，怎么能对一个妇人说这种话？不过男子们的理智是不健全的。一个稍为高尚的男子，怎么能把可贵的生命责任诿在一个女人身上，而让她孤零零地在空虚之中？ + + 但是，半点钟后，康妮听着克利福对波太太用兴奋起劲的声音谈话，露着他自己对地这个妇人的无热情的热情。仿佛她是他的半情妇、半乳母似的。波太太小心地替他穿晚服，因为家里来了些重要的企业界的客人。 + + 在这时期，康妮有时真觉得她快要死了。她觉得自已是给妖魔的的谎言，给可怖的白痴的残暴压得要死了，克利福在企业上的奇异的能干使她惧怕，他自称的对他的崇拜使她慷怖，他们之间已经什么都没有了。她现在再也不模独他，而他也再不摸独她了，他甚至再也不友好地捏着她的手了，不，因为他们已完全分离了，他只用着崇拜偶像者的宣言去挖苦她，那是失尽了势能的人的残暴，她觉得她定要发狂了，或要死了。 + + 她尽可能地常常逃到树林里去，一天下午，当她坐在约翰井旁边，思索着，望着泉水冷清地沸涌的时候，守猎人突然出现在她的旁边。 + + "我替你另做了一把钥匙，夫人！"他一边说，一边行礼把钥匙交给了她。 + + "呀，太感谢你了！"她慌忙地说。 + + "小屋里是不太整洁的。"他说，"请你不要怪我。我只能尽我可能地收拾了一下。" + + "但是我是不要麻烦的，在一个星期的光景，我便要把母鸡安置起来，但是这些母鸡不会怕你的，我早晚都得看管他们，但是我会尽我的能力少搅扰你的。" + + "但是你并不搅扰我呢。"她坚持着说，"如果是我搅扰你的话，我宁可不到那小屋里去的。" + + 他用他的灵活的蓝眼睛望着她。他好象很慈蔼而又冷淡。虽然他的样子看起来瘦弱有病，但是他的肉体与精神是健全的，他有点咳嗽起来。 + + "你咳嗽吗？"她说。 + + "这没什么……受了点凉罢了，前些时患了肺炎，给我留下了这咳嗽，但是没有什么关系。" + + 他疏远地站着，不愿接近她。 + + 早晨或午后，她经常地到小屋里去，但是他总不在那里，无疑地他是故意躲避她。他要保持着他的孤独与自由。 + + 他把小屋收拾得很整洁，把小桌子和小椅子摆在火炉旁边，放了一堆起火的柴和小木头，把工具和捕兽机推到很远的角落里去，好象为了要消灭他自己的形迹似的，屋外边，在那靠近树林的空地上，他用树枝和稻草搭了个矮小的棚，是给小雄鸡避风雨的，在这棚下有五只木笼子。有一天，当她到那里时，她看见笼子里有了两只棕色的母鸡，凶悍地警备着，正在孵着雉鸡的蛋，很骄傲地箍松着毛羽，在它们的性的热血里，深深地沉味着。康妮看了，差不多心都碎了．她觉得自己是这样的失落无依，毫无用处，全不象个女性，只有一个恐怖的可怜虫罢了。 + + 不久，五个笼子都有了母鸡，三只是棕色的，一只是灰色的，还有一只是黑色的，五只母鸡都同样是在它们母性的重大而温柔的抚养职务中，在母性的天性中，筵松着毛羽，紧伏在卵上。当康妮在它们面前蹲伏下去时，它们的光耀的眼睛守视着她，它们忿怒地惊惶地发着尖锐的咯咯声，但是这种忿怒大概是每当被人迫近时的女性的忿怒。 + + 康妮在小屋里找到了些谷粒。她用手拿着去饲它们，它们并不吃，只有一只母鸡在她手上猛啄了一下，把康妮吃了一惊，但是她却焦苦着想把些什么东西给它们吃，给这些不思饮食的孵卵的母鸡，她拿了一罐子水给它们，其中一只喝了一口，她喜欢极了。 + + 现在，她每天都来看这些母鸡。它们是世界上唯一可以使她的心温暖起来的东西了。克利福的主张使她全身发冷，波太太的声音和那些到家里来的企业界的人们的声音，使她发冷。蔑克里斯偶尔地写给她的信，也使她觉得同样的冷颤。她觉得如果没有什么新的事情来到，她定要死了。 + + 虽然，这是春天了，吊钟花在树林里开花了，擦子树正在发芽，好象一些青色的雨滴似的。多么可怕哟，已是春天了，一切都是这样的冷，这样的无情，只有那些母鸡，这样奇异地筵松着毛羽伏在卵上，是在他们母性的孵化的热力中温暖着！康妮不住地觉得自己就要晕倒了。 + + 有一天，那是阳光华丽的可爱的一天，莲馨花在擦树下一簇一簇地开着，小径上缀满着许多紫罗兰花，她在午后来到鸡笼边。在一个鸡笼前面，一只很小很小的小鸡在傲然自得地瞒跚着，母鸡在惊骇地叫喊。这只纤小的小鸡是棕灰色的，带了些黑点，在这时候，这整个大地上最有生气的东西，就是这只小鸡了。康妮蹲了下去，在一种出神入化的状态中注视着它。这是生命！这是生命！这是纯洁的，闪光的，无恐惧的新生命！这样的纤小，而这样的毫无畏惧！甚至它听着了母鸡的惊叫而蹒跚地走进笼子里去藏在母鸡的毛羽下面，它也不是真正惧怕什么，它只当作那是一种游戏，一种生活的游戏，瞧！一会儿过后，一只小小的尖头儿，从母鸡的金棕色的毛羽里冒了出来，探视着这花花的大千世界。 + + 康妮给这一幅美丽的画图迷住了。而同时，她的被遗弃的妇人的失望的感觉浓厚到他一向所没有过的程度，那使她忍受不了。 + + 她现在只有一个欲望，便是到林中这块空地上去，其他的一切都不过是苦痛的梦。但是为了尽她的主妇的职务，她有时是整天留在家里的。那时，她觉得自己也仿佛空虚上去，成为空虚而疯狂了。 + + 有一天黄昏的时候，用过茶点以后，她不管家里有客没有，她便逃了出来，天已晚了，她飞跑着穿过了花园，好象她怕被人叫回去似的，当她进树林里去时，攻瑰色的太阳，正向西方沉没，但是她在花丛中赶紧走着，大地上的光明还可以继续多时的。 + + 她脸色徘红，神情恍馏地走到林中的空地上。那守猎的人，只穿着衬衣，正在关闭鸡笼的门，这样小鸡才可以安全度夜，但是还有三只褐色的活泼的小鸡，在那稻草棚下乱窜着，而不听从的焦急的呼唤 + + "我忍不住要赶来看看这些小鸡！"她一边气喘着说，一边羞赧地望了望了那守猎人，好象不太留意他似的，添了些新生的么？" + + "到现在已经有三十六只了。"她说，"还不坏？" + + 他也一样感觉着一种奇异的快乐，去等候着这些小生命的出世。 + + 康妮蹲在最后的一个笼子面前，那三只小鸡已经进去了。但是她们的毫无忌畏挑战头儿，从那黄色毛羽中钻了出来，一会儿又藏了进去，只有一只小头儿，还在那广大的母体向外窥视着。 + + "我真喜欢摸摸它们，"她说着，把她的手指胆怯的从笼格里伸了进去，但是那只母鸡凶悍地把她的手啄丁一下，康妮吓得向后惊退。 + + "你看它怎么啄我！它恨我呢！"她用一种惊异的声音说，"但是我并不伤害它们呀！"站在她旁边的他，笑了起来，然后在她旁边蹲了下去，两膝开着，自信地把手慢慢地伸进笼里，老母鸡虽然也啄了他一下，但是没有那样凶悍。缓缓地，轻轻地，他用他那稳当而温和的手指，在老母鸡和毛羽中探索着，然后把一只微弱地嗽卿的小鸡握在手中，拿了出来。 + + "喏！"他说着，伸手把小鸡交给她，她把那小东西接在手里，它用那两条小得象火柴杆似的腿儿站着，它的微小的、飘摇不定的生命颤战着，从它那轻巧的两脚传到康妮的手上。但是它勇敢地抬起它的清秀美丽的小头儿，向四周观望着，嗽的叫了一声。 + + "多么可爱！多么无忌惮"她温柔地说。 + + 那守猎人，蹲在她的旁边，也在欣赏着她手里的那只无畏惧的小鸡、忽然地，他看见一滴眼泪落在她腕上。 + + 他站了起来，走到另一个笼前去，因为他突然觉得往昔的火焰正在他的腰边发射着，飞腾着，这火焰是他一向以为永久地熄灭了的。他和这火焰狰扎着，他背着康妮翻转身去，但是这火焰蔓延着，向下蔓延着，把他的两膝包围了。 + + 他重新回转身去望着她。她正跪在地上，盲目地，慢慢地伸着两手，让那小鸡回到母鸡那里去，她的神情是这样的缄默这样的颠沛，他的脏腑里，不禁燃烧着对她哀怜的情绪。 + + 他自己也不知道在做着什么，他迅速地向她走过去，在她旁边重新蹲下去，他从她手里接过了小鸡。因为她正在害怕那母鸡，正要把它放回笼里去，在他的两腰背后，火焰骤然激发起来，比以前更为强烈了。他惶恐地望着她，她的脸孔躲了过去，在她孤独凄凉的无限苦楚中盲目地哭泣着。他的心突然熔化了，象一点火花，他的手伸了出来，把手指放在她的膝上。 + + "不要哭。"他温柔地说。 + + 她听了，把两手掩着脸，觉得她的心真是碎了，一切都无关重要了。 + + 他把手放在她的肩上，温柔地，轻轻地，他的手沿着她的背后滑了下去，不能自主地用着一种盲目的抚慰的动作，直到了她的弯曲着腰际。在那儿，温柔地，温柔地，用着一种盲目的本能的抚慰，他爱抚着她的腰窝。 + + 她找到了她的小手绢，盲目地揩着眼泪。 + + "到小屋里去罢。"他用镇静的声音说。 + + 说了，他温柔地用手扶着他的上臀，使她站了起来，慢慢地带她向小屋走去，直至她进了里面。然后他把桌椅推在一边，从一只用具箱里取出了一张褐色的军毡，慢慢地铺在地上。她呆本地站着，向他脸上望着。 + + 他的脸孔是苍白，没有表情的，好象一个屈服于命运之前的人的脸孔似的。 + + "躺在这儿罢。"他温柔地说，然后把门关上了。这一来，小屋里黑暗了，完全黑暗了。 + + 奇异地，驯服地，在毡子上躺了下去，然后她觉着一只温柔的，不定的无限贪婪的手，触摸着她的身体，探索着她的脸，那只手温柔地，温柔地爱抚着她的脸，无限的温慰，无限的镇静，最后，她的颊上来了温柔的吻触。 + + 在一种沉睡的状态中，一种梦幻的状态中，她静默地躺着。然后，她颤战起来，她觉着在她的衣裳中，那只手在温柔地，却又笨拙地摸索着，但是这只手，却知道怎样在它所欲的地方，把她的衣裳解开了。他慢慢地，小心地，把那薄薄的绸裤向下拉脱。直脱到她的脚上，然后在一种极乐的颤战中，他摸触着她温暖而柔软的肉体，在她的肚脐上吻了一会。他便马上向她进去，全然进到她柔软而安静的肉体里的和平之中去。 + + 在一种沉睡的状态中，老是在一种沉睡的状态中，她静默地躺着。所有的动作，所有的性兴奋，都是他的，她再也无能为力了，甚至他的两臂楼着她那么紧，甚至他身体的激烈的动作，以及他的精液在她里面的播射，这一切都在一种沉睡的状态中过去，直至他完毕后，在他的胸膛上轻轻地喘息着时，她才开始醒转过来。 + + 这时她惊愕了，朦胧地问着自己，为什么？为什么需要这个？为什么这个竟把她的重负减轻而给她以和平的感觉？这是真的么？这是真的么？ + + 她的近代妇女的烦恼的心还是不能安息下来，这是真的么？她知道，假如她自己献身与这个人，那么这便是真的；但是假如她固守着自己时，这便是不真了。她老了，她觉得自己是一百万岁似的老了。总之，她再也不能支持自己的重量了。她是整个放在那里，任人拿去，任人拿去。 + + 那人在神秘的静息中躺着。他感觉着什么？他想着什么？她不知道，她觉得他是一个陌生人，她是不认识他的。她只好等待，因为她不敢扰乱他的神秘的静息。他躺在那儿，他的两臂环抱着她，他的身体在上面，他的潮湿的身体触着她，这样的近．完全一个陌生人，却又吵令人感觉不安，他的静息的本身是令人宁泰的。 + + 这一点，当他最后激醒转来而从她的身上抽退时，她是觉得的，那好象他把她遗弃了似的，他在黑暗中，把她的衣裳托了下来，盖在她的膝上。他站了一会，显然地在整理着他自己的衣服，然后他安静地把门打开了，走了出去。 + + 她看见在那橡树的梢头，落日残辉的上面，悬着一轮明亮的小小月亮，她赶快站了起来，把衣裳整理好，然后她向那小屋的门边走去。 + + 树林下面是昏暗了，差不多黑了。可是树林的上面，天还带着水晶似的幽明，不过没有那种睛朗的白光了。那从林下的昏暗中向好了过来，他的脸孔昂举着，象是一个灰点。 + + "我们走罢！"他说。 + + "到哪儿去？" + + "我陪你到园门口去。" + + 他有他的料理事情的状态，他把小屋的门锁上了，然后跟着她出去。 + + "你不懊悔吗？"当他在她旁边走着时问她道。 + + "不！不！你呢？"她说。 + + "为那事！不！"他说，过了一会，他加了一句："不过还有别的事情罢了。" + + "什么别的事情？"她说。 + + "克利福男爵，其他的人，和一切的纠纷。" + + "什么纠纷？"她沮丧地问道。 + + "事情常常是这样的，于你于我都是一样，总有些什么纠纷的。"他在昏暗中，稳定地走着。 + + "你懊悔么？"她说。 + + "在某一方面是有点儿的！"他一边回答，一边仰望着天空。"我自以为和这些事情是断绝了，现在我却又开始起来了 + + "开始什么？" + + "生活" + + "生活！"她应声说道。感觉着一种奇怪的兴奋。 + + "那是生活。"他说，"没有法子避免的。如果你避免它。你便等于死。所以我只好重新开始，我只好这样。" + + 她却不把事情看成这样。但是…… + + "那是爱情。"她欢快地说。 + + "无论那是什么，反正一样。"他回答道。 + + 他们在静默中，在渐见昏黑下去的林中前进着，直至他们将到园门口的时候。 + + "但是你不憎恨我罢？"她有点不安地说。 + + "不，不。"他答道。突然地，他用着那种古代的结合人类的热情，把她紧紧地抱在怀里。"不，我觉得那个太好了，太好了，你也觉得吗？" + + "是的，我也觉得。"她有点不诚实地答道。因为她实在并没有觉得怎样。 + + 他温柔地，温柔地，热吻着她。 + + "假如世界上没有这许多人，那就好了。"他悲伤地说。 + + 她笑着，他们到了园门口了，他替她把门打开。 + + "我不再送了。"他说。 + + "不！"她把手伸了出去和他握别，但是他却用双手接着. + + "你要我再来么？"她热切地问道。 + + "是的！是的！" + + 她离开了他，向园中过去，他在后边望着向灰暗的园中进去，心里差不多感着痛苦地望着她走了。 + + 他原本是要守着他的孤独的，现在他使他再想起人间的关系来了。好恰牺性了自由，一个孤独者的自由。 + + 他向黑暗的林中回去，一切都静寂着，月亮也沉了，但是他听得见夜之声响，他听得见史德门的机器和大路上来往的车辆。他慢慢地攀登那赤裸的山坡。在山上，他可以看见整个乡村，史德门的一排一排的火光，达娃斯哈煤小灯光和达娃斯哈村里的黄光。昏暗的乡村里，随处都是光，远过地，他可以看见，高炉在发着轻淡的粉红色，因为夜色清明，白热的金属发着玫瑰的颜色，史德门的电灯光，又尖锐又刺眼！多么令人难解的含着恶意的光辉！这一切米德兰工业区的夜的不安和永久的恐怖。他听得见史德门的车盘响着，载着七点钟的工人到煤坑里去，矿场是分三班轮流工作的。 + + 他向幽暗的僻静的树林里下去。但是他知道树林的僻静是欺人的了。工业的嘈声把寂静破坏了。那尖锐的灯光，虽不能见，也把寂静嘲弄着。再也没有谁可以孤独，再也没有僻静的地方，世界再也不容有隐遁者了，现在，他已经得到了这个妇人，并且加了自己一个新的痛苦与罪罚的枷锁了，因为他从经验得知这是怎么一回事的。 + + 这并不是妇人的过失，甚至不是爱情过失，也不是性欲的过失，过失是从那边来的，从那邪恶的电灯光和恶魔似的机器之嚣声里来的，那边，那贪婪的机械化验的贪婪世界，闪着灯光，吐炽热的金属，激着熙来攘往的喧声，那儿便是罪恶所在的地方，准备着把不能同流台污的东西一概毁灭，不那世界全果把这树林毁灭了，吊钟花将不再开花了，一切可以受作用的东西，定要在铁的跟随之下消灭。 + + 他用无限的温情想着那妇人，可怜的无依无靠的人，她不知道他自己是这样可爱。呵！太可爱了！她所接触的庸欲之流太不配她了！可怜的人儿，她也有点象野玉簪似的易伤地嫩弱，她并不象近代女子似的，全是树胶品和白金。他们要压倒她!那是毫无意义了，他们要压倒她，如同他们压倒一切自然的温柔的生活一样，温柔！她有点什么温柔的东西，象滋长着的温柔的玉簪花似的温柔的东西，这东西是今日化学品的妇女们所没有的了，但是他定要诚恳地把她保护一些时日，只一些时日，直至无情的铁世界和机械化的贪婪世界把她和他自己同时压倒。 + + 他带着他的狗和枪，到了他阴暗的村舍里，把灯点了，把火炉里的火生了，然后吃晚餐：一些面包和奶酷一些小葱头和酒。他在他所深爱的静默中孤独着。他的房子是清洁的。整齐的，但是有些冷清，可炉火是光耀的，炉床是白，白漆布铺着椅子上面悬着的一盏煤油灯也是光亮亮的，他想拿一本关于印度的书来看，但是今晚他却不能看书了，他穿一件衬衣，坐在火旁边，并不吸烟，但是有一杯啤酒在手旁边，他思念着康妮。 + + 实在说来，他是懊悔发生了那种事情的，那懊悔也许大部分是为了她的缘故，他感觉到一个预兆，那并不是过失或罪恶的预兆，这一点他的意识是不会扰乱的，他知道一个人的意识所最怕惧的，是社会，或是自己，他并不惧怕自己。但是他很显然地惧怕社会，他本能地知道这社会是恶毒的、半疯狂的野兽。 + + 那妇人！要是她能够在城里和他在一起，而除了他俩以外，世界绝无第三者了，那么多情欲重新涌了起来，他的阴茎象一只活的小鸟似地兴奋着，同时他又觉得被一种恐惧压制着，他恐惧着自己和她要被外面那些电灯光里含恶意地闪耀着的"东西"所吞食，她，这可怜的年轻的人儿，在他看来，她只是一个年轻的女性的生物罢了，但是这却是一个你曾深进过，并且他还在欲望着进去的一个年轻的生物。 + + 在欲望中，他奇异地打着哈欠，伸着懒腰，因为他远离男女们孤独地生活着已经四年了，他站了起来，把灯火弄小了，拿了外衣和枪，带着狗儿出去。那是一个繁星之夜，欲望，以及对于外界的恶意的"东西"的恐惧情绪推着他，他缓缓地，幽幽地，在树林中巡逻，他爱黑暗，他把自己投在黑暗的怀里，夜色正适合于他的膨胀的欲望。这欲望，无论如何象是一种财富，不时地兴奋着的他的阴茎，火焚着他的两腰！呵！要是可以和一些人联合起来，去和那外界的、闪光的、电的"东西"抗战，去把生命的温柔，女人的温柔，和自然的欲望的财富保存起来，那就好了！但是所有的人都是在那边，迷醉着那些"东西"，胜利着，或惨败于那机械化的念婪或念婪的机械主义铁蹄之下。 + + 康妮，在她这方面，差不多并不思索什么，她赶快穿过了花园回家去，她还来得及吃晚饭的。 + + 可是，当她到了门口时，门是关着了，这一来她得去按铃了，这却使她烦恼起来，来开门的是波尔敦太太。 + + "呀！你回来了，夫人！我正开始奇怪着你是不是迷失了呢！"她有点笑谈地说，"但是克利福男爵却没有问起你；他同林先生谈着话，我看他是在这儿晚餐吧，是不是，夫人？" + + "大概是罢。"康妮说。 + + "要不是迟一刻钟开饭？这一来你可以从容地换衣裳了。那也许那样好些。" + + 林先生是矿场的总经理，是一个上了年纪的北方人，他有点软弱不振，这是克利福不满意他的地方，他不能迎合战后的新环境，和那些战后的矿工们一样，只守着他们的老成持重的成规。但是康妮却喜欢林来先生，虽然她讨厌他的太太的诌媚样子，心里高兴着他的太太并没有来。 + + 林来留在那儿吃饭，康妮显得是个男子们所极喜欢的主妇，她是这样的谦逊，而又这样的殷勤体贴，他的很大的蓝眼睛和她的幽娴的神态，是尽把她的心事掩藏起来的。这把戏康妮做得多了，已经差不多成了她的第二天性了，奇怪的就是当她做着这把戏时，虽然这是她的第二天性，而她却把一切都从心里忘掉。 + + 她忍耐着等待着，直至她能上楼去，去思索自己的事情。她老是等着，等待好象是她拿手的事情了。 + + 但是，当她回到房里时，她依旧觉得模糊而昏乱.他究竟是怎样的一种人呢？他真喜欢她么？她不太相信，不过他是和蔼的。有着一种什么温暖的、天真的、和蔼的东西，又奇特而骤然，这东西差不多使她的子宫不得不为他展开，但是她觉得他也许对于任何妇女都是这么和蔼的，虽然是这样，他的和蔼却是奇异地使人觉得温慰的。他是一个热情的人，健全而热情的人。但是他也许并不是很专一的，他对她这样，而对任何妇女也许一样，那真是泛然不专的态度，她之于他，实在只是一个女性罢了。 + + 但是，也许这样还要好些，毕竟他所爱她的地方就是她的女性，这是从来没有男人做过的，男人们只爱她的外表，而不爱她的女性。他们残酷地轻蔑这女性，或茫然地不知有这女性。男人们对于康妮小姐或查太莱男爵夫人都是十分主蔼的，但是对于她的性却不然了。他呢，他是全不管什么康妮小姐或查太莱男爵夫人的，他只温柔地爱抚着她的两腰或她的乳房。 + + + + 第十章 (2) + + 第二天，她到树林里去，那是一个灰色安静的午后，沉绿的水银菜，在擦子树林下蔓生着，所有的树都在静默中努力着发芽了。她今天几乎可以感觉着她自己的身体里面，潮涌着那些大树的精液，向上涌着，直至树芽顶上，最后发为橡树的发光的小芽儿，红得象血一样。那象是涨着的潮水，向天上奔腾。 + + 她，来到林中的空旷地，但是他并不在那儿，她原来也只是抱着一半的心到这儿会他的，小雄鸡儿轻捷得象昆虫似的，远在笼外奔窜着，黄母鸡在栏干里挂虎地咯咯着，康妮坐了下来，一边望着它们，一边等待着，她只是等待着，她差不多看不见什么小鸡，她等待着。 + + 时间梦一般的悠悠地过去，而他却不来，她只好怀着一半希望等着他，他是从不在下午到这儿来的，茶点的时间到了，她得回家去，但是她得很勉强地迫着自己，然后才站了起来走开。 + + 当她回家时，霏霏的细雨开始下起来。 + + "又下雨了么？"克利福看见了她摇着帽子上的雨滴，这样说："只一点儿细雨。" + + 她默默地她静默地斟着茶，出神地深思着她的心事，她今天实在想会会那守猎人，看看那究竟是不是真的，那究间是不是真的。 + + "回头你要不要我给你念念书？"克利福问道。 + + 她望着他，难道他猜疑什么了？ + + "春天使我觉得点有头晕……我想去休息一会儿。"她说。 + + "随你便罢，你真觉得不舒服吗？" + + "是的，有点儿疲倦……这是春天到了的缘故，你要不要波太太来和你玩玩牌？" + + "不！我听听收音机好了。" + + 她听见了他的声音里，含着一种满足的异常的音调，她到楼上寝室里去，在那儿，她听见放音机在呼号着一种矫揉造作的娇媚蠢笨的声音，这象是一种嚣喧，象是一个人摹舍己为人一个老贩的令人呕吐的声音，她穿上了她的紫色的旧雨衣，从一个旁门闪了出去。 + + 蒙蒙的细雨好象是遮盖着世界的帐幕，神秘，寂静而不冷。当她急促地穿过花园时，她觉得热起来了，她得把她的轻雨衣解开了。 + + 在细雨中，树林是静息而比几的，半开着的叶芽，半开着花，和孵估万千的卵子，充满着神秘，在这一切朦胧暗昧中，赤条条的幽暗的树木，发着冷光，好象反怕衣裳解除了似的，地上一切青苍的东西，好象在青苍地低哦着。 + + 在那空旷处，依然一个人也没有，小雄鸡差不多都藏到母鸡的毛以下去了，只有一两中较冒失的，还在那草棚下的干地上啄食着。它们都是犹豫不安的。 + + 好！他还没有来，他是故意不来的，也许，什么事情不好了罢，或者她最好是到村舍里去看看。 + + 但是她是生成要等待的。她用她的钥匙，把小屋门打开了，一切都很整齐，谷粒盛在一只箱里，几张毡子摺垒在架上，稻草整洁地堆在一个角落里，这是新添的一堆稻草，一盏风灯在钉子上悬着，在她躺过的地上，桌子和椅子也都放回原处了。 + + 她走开着门口，坐在一张小凳子上，一切都非常静寂！细，雨轻柔地被风史着，但是风并没有声音，一切都没有声息。树木站立着，象是些有权威的生物，朦胧，幽明，静温而有生气，一切都多么地有生气！ + + 夜色又近了，她得回去。他是在躲避着她。 + + 但是突然地，他大踏步地来到了空旷处，他穿着车夫似的油布的短外衣，湿得发亮，他向小屋迅疾地望了一眼，微微地行了个礼然后转身走到鸡笼边去，他静静地蹲了下去，小心地注视着一切，然后小心地把笼门关好了。 + + 最后，他慢慢地向她走了过来，她还是坐在小凳上。他在门廓下站在她的面前。 + + "你来了。"他用着土话的腔调说。 + + "是的！"她望着他说，"你来晚了。" + + "是的！"他一边回答，一边向林中望着。 + + 她缓缓地站了起来，把小凳子拉在旁边 + + "你要进来吗？"她问道。 + + 他向她尖锐地望着。 + + "要是你天天晚上到这儿来，人们不会说什么吗？"他说。 + + "为什么？"她不明白地望着他，"我说过我要来的，没有人会晓得的。" + + "但是他们不久终要晓得的，"他答道，"那时怎么办好？" + + 她不知道怎样回答的好。 + + "为什么他们要晓得呢？"她说。 + + "人们总会知道的。"他凄然地说。 + + 她的嘴唇有点颤战起来，她油油地说； + + "那我可没有法子。" + + "不。"他说，"你不来是可以的，要是你愿意。"他低声地添了一句。 + + "但是我不愿意不来。"她用怨声说。 + + 他无言了，回转眼睛向树林里望着； + + "但是假如人晓得了，你将怎样？"他终于问道，"想想看！你要觉得多么屈辱，一个你的丈夫的仆人！" + + 她望着他的侧着的脸。 + + "你是不是，"她支吾地说，"你是不是不要我了？" + + "想想看！"他说，"要是人们知道了，你将怎样！要是克利福男爵和……大家都……" + + "那么，我可以走。" + + "走到那儿去呢？" + + "无论那儿！我有我自己的钱，我的母亲给了我两万镑保管着，我知道这笔钱克利福是不能动的，我可以走。" + + "但是假如你不想走呢？" + + "哪里话！我将来怎样，我才不管呢。" + + "呀，你这样想吗？但是你是要考虑的，你不得不考虑，人人都是这样的，你要记着你是查太莱男爵夫人，而我是个守猎人，假如我是一位贵绅的那么事情自然又不同了，是的，你不能不顾虑的。" + + "我不，我的男爵夫人又怎么样！我实在恨这个名称，人们每次这样叫我的时候，我总觉得他们嘲弄我。他们实在是在嘲弄我！甚至你这样叫我的时候，你也在嘲弄我的。" + + "我！" + + 这是第一次他向她直望着，向她的眼里直望着。 + + "我并不嘲弄你。"他说。 + + 当他这样望着她时，她看见他的眼睛阴郁起来，完全阴郁起来，两只瞳孔张大着。 + + "你不顾一切地冒险么？"他用着一种沉哑的声音说，"你应该考虑考虑的，不要等以后太迟了" + + 他的声音里，含着一种奇民蝗警告的恳求。 + + "但是我没有什么可以失掉的东西。"她烦恼地说，"假如你知道实在的情形是怎样，你便要明自我是很喜欢失去它的，但是你是不是为你自己有所惧怕呢？" + + "是的？"他简单地说，"我怕，我怕！我怕那些东西。" + + "什么东西？"她问道。 + + 他奇异地把头向后来歪，指示着外面的世界。 + + "所有的东西！所有的人！所有他们。" + + 说完，他弯下身去，突然在她愁苦的脸上吻着。 + + "但是，"他说，"我并不顾虑那些！让我们受用罢，其他一切管它的！不过，要是那一天你懊悔起来·……" + + "不要把我抛弃了。"她恳求道。 + + 他的手指抚触着她的脸，突然地又吻了她一下。 + + "那么让我进去罢。"他温柔地说，"把你的雨衣脱了。" + + 他把枪挂了起来，脱下了他的湿外衣，然后把毡子拿了下来。 + + "我多带了一张毡子来。"他说，"这样，要是我们喜欢的话，我们可以拿一张来的。" + + "我不能久留呢，"她说，"晚餐是七点半开的。" + + 他向她迅速地顾盼了一下，然后望着他的表。 + + "好的。"他说 + + 他把门关了，在悬着的风灯里点了一个小小的火。 + + "哪一天我们要多玩一会儿。"他说。 + + 他细心地铺着毡子，把一张招叠起来做她的枕头，然后他坐在一张小凳子上，把她拉到他的身边，一只手紧紧地抱着她，另一只手探摸着她的身体。当他摸着了她的时候，她听见他的呼吸紧促进来，在她的轻薄的裙下，她是赤裸裸的。 + + "呵！摸触您是多么美妙的事！"他一边说，一边爱抚着她的臀部和腰部的细嫩、温暖而隐秘的皮肤。他俯着头，用他的脸颊，频频地摩擦着她的小腹和她的大腿。他的迷醉的状态，使她再次觉得有点惊讶起来。他在摸触着她生动而赤裸的肉地所感得的美，这种美的沉醉的欣欢，她是不了解的。这只有热情才可以了解，当热情没有了或死了的时候，那么，美所引起的美妙的惊心动魄是不可了解的，甚至有点被物的，温暖的生动的接触之美，比之眼见的美要深厚得多，她觉着他的脸在她的大腿上，在她的小腹上，和她的后臀上，温柔地摩着。他的髭须和他的柔软而通密的头发，紧紧地擦着她；她的两膝开始颤战起来了，在她的灵魂里面，狠遥远地。她觉着什么新的东西在那里跳动着，她觉着一种新的裸体在那里浮露了出来，她有在这害怕起来，她差不多希望他不要这样爱抚她了，她只觉得被他环抱着，紧束着然而，她却等待着，等待着。 + + 当他强烈地感到安慰与满足，面向他的和平之域的她的里面进去时，她还是等待着，她觉得自己有点被遗忘了但是她知道，那是一部分她自它的过失，她想这样便可以固守着她与他的距离，现在也许她是命定了要这么固守着了。她一动不动地躺着；她觉着他在她坦克面的动作，她觉着他深深地沉伏着的专心，她觉着当他插射精液时的骤然的战栗，然后他的冲压的动作缓慢了下来，这种臀尖的冲压，确是有些可笑的。假如你是一个妇人，而又处在当事人之外，一个男子的臀尖的那种冲压，必定是太可笑的，在这种姿态这种动作中，男人确是十分可笑的！ + + 但是她仍然一动不动地躺着，也不退缩，甚至当他完了时，她也不兴奋起来，以求她自己的满足，好象她和蔑免里斯的时候一样，她静静地躺着，眼泪慢慢地在她的眼里满溢了出来。 + + 他也是一动不动，但是他紧紧地搂着她，他的两腿压在她的可怜的两条赤裸的腿上，想使她温暖着，他躺在她的上面，用一种紧密的无疑的热力温暖着她。 + + "您冷吗"他温柔地细声问道，好象她很近很近的。其实她却觉得远隔着，被遗忘着。 + + "不！但是我得走了。"她和蔼地说。 + + 他叹息着，更紧地楼抱着她，然后放松了，重新静息下来。 + + 他还没看出流泪，他只以为她是和他一样舒畅。 + + "我得走了。"她重新说道。 + + 他从她那儿抽退了，在她旁边跪了一会，吻着她的两腿的里面，把她的裙拉了下来，然后在微微的激光里，毫无思索地把他自己的衣服扣好，甚至连身也没有转过去。 + + "哪一天您得到村舍里来。"他一边说着，一边热切地安闲在望着她。 + + 但是她还是毫无生气地躺在那儿，沉思着，望着他，陌生人！陌生人！她甚至觉得有点怒恨他。 + + 他把他的外衣穿上，找着他的摔在地上的帽，然后把枪挂在肩上。 + + "来罢！"他用他的热烈，温和的眼睛望着她说。 + + 她缓缓地站了起来，她不想走；却又不想留。他帮助她穿上了她的薄薄的雨衣，望着她是不是衣裳都整理好了。 + + 然后他把门打开了，外面是很黑了。在门廊下坐着的狗儿，看见了他，愉快地站了起来，细雨在黑暗中灰灰地降着。天是很黑了。 + + "我得把灯笼带去。"他说，"不会有人的。"，在狭径中，他在她面前走着，低低地把风灯摇摆着，照着地上的湿草和蛇似的光亮的树根，苍暗的花，此外一切都是炙灰的雨雾和黝黑。 + + "哪一天您得到村舍里来。"他说，"您来不来？反正山羊或羔羊都是一样的了。" + + 他对于她的返种奇特固扫诉欲望，使她惊讶着，而他们之间却没有什么东西，他也从来没有对她真正地说过话，则且她不自禁地憎恶他的土话，他的"您得来"的粗俗的土好象不是对她说的，而是对任何普通人的说的，她看见了马路上的指形花的叶儿，她知道他们大约是走到什么地方了。 + + "现在是七点一刻，"他说，"你赶得及回去吃晚饭的。"他的声调变了，好象他觉察着了她的疏远的态度。当他们在马路上转过了最后一个弯，正向着榛树的篱墙和园门去的时候，他把灯火吹熄了。他温和地握着她的手臂说："好了，这里我们可以看得见了。" + + 但是，话虽这样说，实在不容易啊。他们脚下踏着的大地是神秘的。不过他是习惯了，他可以摸得着他的道路。到了园门时，他把他的手电筒交给她，说："园里是光亮点；但是把这个拿去罢，恐怕你走错路。" + + 真的，在空旷的园中，有着一种幽灵似的灰星的徽光，突然地，他把她拉了过去，重新在她的衣裳下面摸抚着，他的湿而冷的手，触着她的温暖的肉体。 + + "摸触着一个象您这样的女人，我死也甘心了！"他沉哑的声音说，"要是您可以多停一会的话……" + + 她觉着他的重新对她欲望起来的骤然的热力。 + + "不！我得赶快回去了！"她有点狂乱地说。 + + "好罢。"他说着，态度突然变了，让她走开了。 + + 她正要走开，却立即回转身来对他说："吻一吻我罢。" + + 在黑暗中，他弯着身在她的左眼上吻着。她向他举着嘴唇，他轻轻地在上面吻了一吻，立即便缩回去了，他是不喜欢在嘴上亲吻的。 + + "我明天再来。"他一边走开一边说，"要是我能够的话。"她加了这一句。 + + "是的，但是不要来得这么晚了。"他在黑暗里回答道。她已经完全看不见他。 + + "晚安。"她说。 + + "晚安，男爵夫人。"他的声音回答着。 + + 她停着了，回过头来向潮湿的黑暗里望着。在这夜色里，她只能看见他的形影。 + + "你为什么这样叫我？"她说道。 + + "好，不这样叫了。"他回答道，"那么，晚安，快走罢！" + + 她在朦胧的夜里隐没了，她看见那旁门正开着，她溜了进去，直至她的房里，并没有被人看见，从她的房门磁起来时，晚餐的锣声正在响着，虽然这样，她还是决意要洗个澡一她得洗个澡。"但是我以后不要再迟归了。"她对自己说，"这未免太讨厌了。" + + 第二天，她并不到树林里去。她陪着克利福到阿斯魏去了。他现在有时可以乘汽车出去了，他雇了一个年青而强壮的车夫，在需要的时候。这车夫可以帮助他从车里下来。他是特地去看他的教父来斯里一，文达的。文达佳在阿斯魏附近的希勃来大厦里，这是一位富有资产的老绅士，是爱德华王时代繁荣过的许多富有的煤矿主人之一，爱德华王为了打猎，曾来希勃来佐过几次，这是一个墙的美丽的古老大厦，里面家具的布置是很都丽的，因为文达是个独身者，所以他对于他家里的修洁雅致的布置是很骄傲的，但是，这所大厦却给许多煤矿场环绕着了。文达对于克利福是关心的，但是因为他的文学作品和画报上刊登的他的像片，他个人对他是没有什么大尊重的。这老绅士是一个爱德华王一派的花花公子，他认为生活就是生活，而粗制滥造的作家是另一事，对于康妮，这者乡绅总是表示搜勤温雅。他觉得她是纯洁如处女的、端正的、动人的人，她对于克利福未免劳而无功了，并且她的命运不能给勒格贝生个继承人，是千可惜万可惜的，不过他自己也没有继承人。 + + 康妮自己呆着，假如他知道了克利福的守猎人和她发生了关系，假如他知道了这守猎人用土话对她说"那一天您得到村舍里来"，他将怎样想呢？他定要憎恶她，轻鄙她，因为他差不多是疾恨劳工阶级的向前迈进的，假如她的情人是和她同样阶级的人，那么他不会介意的，因为康妮吴然地有着端庄的、驯服的、处女的风采，也许她生成是为了恋爱的。文达叫她"亲爱的孩子"，给了她一幅十八世纪的贵妇人的很可爱的小画像，她实在不想要，不过只好收下。 + + 但是康妮一心只想着她和守猎人的事情。毕竟，文达先生确是个上等人，是个上流社会的一分子，他当她是个人物，是个高尚的人看待，他不把她和其他的妇女看成一样，而用着"您"、"您的"这种字眼。 + + 那天她没有到树林里，再隔一天她也没有去，第三天还是没有去，只要她觉得，或者自以为觉得那人在等着她，想着她，她便不到那儿去，但是第四天，她可怕的烦躁不安起来了。不过她还是不愿到林中去，不愿再去为那个男子展开她的两腿。她心里想着她可以做的事情一到雪非尔德去，访访朋友去，可是想到了这些事情就使她觉得憎恶。最后，她决定出去散散步，并不是到树林，而是向相反的方向去，她可以从大花园的其他一面的小铁门里出去，到马尔海去，那是一个宁静而灰色的春日，天气差不多可说是温暖的，她一边走着，一边沉味在飘渺的思想里，什么都没有看见。直到马尔海的农庄里时，她才被狗的狂吠声，从梦幻里惊醒了，马尔海农庄！这狐牧场，宽展到勒格贝的花园围墙边，这样他们是亲邻呢；但是康妮好久没有到这儿来了。 + + "陪儿！"她向那条白色的大叭儿狗说。"陪儿！"你忘记了我了？你不认识我了么？"她是怕狗的，陪儿一边吠着，一边向后退着，她想穿过那农家大院，到畜牧场那条路上去。 + + 弗林太太走了出来。这是和康妮一样年纪的人，她曾当过学校教员；但是康妮疑心她是个虚伪的小人物。 + + "怎么，是查太莱男爵夫人！"弗林太太的眼睛光耀着，她的脸孔红得象个女孩似的。"陪儿！陪儿！怎么了！你向着查太莱夫人吠！陪儿！赶快停嘴！"她跑了过去，用手里拿着的白手巾打着狗，然后向康妮走来。 + + "它一向是认识我的。"康妮说着，和她握了握手，弗林一家是查太莱的佃户。 + + "怎么会不认识夫人呢！它只想卖弄卖弄罢了。"弗林太太说，她脸红着，很羞难过地望着康妮，"不过它好久没有看见您了，我很希望你的身体好些了罢？" + + "谢谢你，我很好了。" + + 我们差不多整个冬天都没有看见夫人呢。请进来看看我的小孩吗？" + + "晤！"康犹豫着，"好不过只一会儿。" + + 弗林太太赶快跑进去收拾屋子，康妮缓缓地跟了进去，在那幽暗的厨房里，水壶正在炉火边沸着，康妮在那里踌躇了一会，弗林太太走了回来。 + + "对不起得很。"她说，"请你进这边来罢。" + + 他们进了起坐室里，那儿，在炉火旁的地毯上坐着一个婴孩桌子上草率地摆着茶点用的东西。一个年轻的女仆，害羞地、笨拙地向走廊里退了出去。 + + 那婴孩约莫有一岁了，是个檄难得脾小东西，头发是红的，象她的父亲，两只傲慢的眼睛是淡蓝色的，这是一个女孩怪不怕人的，她坐在一些垫枕中间，四同摆着许多布做的洋固固和其他玩具，这是时下的风尚。 + + "呵。真是个宝贝！"康妮说，"她长得多快！一个大女孩了，一个大女孩了！" + + 女孩出世的时候，她给过十条围巾给她。圣诞节的时候，又曾给了她一些赛璐璐鸭子。 + + "佐士芬！你知道谁来看你吗？这是谁，佐士芬？查太莱男爵夫人……你认得查太莱男爵夫人吗？" + + 这个不怕人的小东西，镇静地望着康妮，"男爵夫人"于她还是毫无所谓的。 + + "来！到我这儿来好不好？"康妮对孩子说。 + + 孩子表示着无可不无可的样子，康妮把她抱在自己膝上,抱着一个孩子在膝上是多么温暖，多么可爱的！两个手臂是这样的柔软，两条小腿是样的无知而无羁！ + + "我正要随便喝点茶，孤孤单单的，陆克上市场去了，因此我什么时候用点茶都随我的便，请喝杯茶好不好，查太莱夫人？这种坏茶点自然不是夫人惯用的，但是如果你不介意的话……" + + 康妮并不介意，虽然她不喜欢人家提到她惯用佬。桌子上很铺张地摆了些最漂亮的茶壶。 + + "只要不麻烦你就好了。"康妮说。 + + 但是假如弗林太太不麻烦，那儿还有什么乐趣！康妮和小孩玩着，她的小女性的无惧惮她的温柔的年轻的温暖，使康妮觉得有趣而得到一种浓厚的快乐，这年轻的生命！这样的无畏！这样的无畏，那是因为毫无抵抗的缘故。所有的成人们都是给恐惧压得这样的狭小！ + + 康妮喝了一杯有点太浓的茶，吃了些美味的奶油面包和罐头李子。弗林太太脸红着，非常地兴奋，仿佛康妮是一个多情的武士似的，她们谈着些真正妇人间说的话，两个人都觉得居惬意。 + + "不过这茶点太坏了。"弗林太太说。 + + "比我家里用的还要好呢。"康妮诚实地说。 + + "呵！……"弗林太太说，她自然是不相信的。 + + 但是最后康妮站了起来。 + + "我得走了！"她说，"我的先生并不知道我到哪里去了，他要疑心各种各样的事情呢。" + + "决不会想到你在此地的。"弗林太太高兴地笑道，"他要派人满村叫着找呢。" + + "再会，佐士芬。"康妮一边说，一边吻着孩子，揉着她的红色的卷发。 + + 大门是锁着而且上了门闷的，弗林太太紧持着去开了，康妮出到了农庄门前的小花园里，这小花园是用冬青树的篱芭围绕着的，沿着等候径的两旁，植着洗我报春花，柔软而华丽。 + + "多可有宾报春花！"康妮说。 + + "陆克把它们叫作野草闹花。"弗林太太笑着说，"带点回去吧。" + + 弗林太太热心地采着。 + + "够了！够了！"康妮说。 + + 她们来到了小花园的门边。 + + "你打哪条路来呢？"弗林太太问道。 + + "打畜牧场那条路去。" + + "让我看……呵，是的，母牛都在栅栏里，但是它们还没有起来。不过那门是锁着的，你得爬过去呢。" + + "我会爬的。"康妮说。 + + "也许我可以陪你到栅栏那边去罢。" + + 她走过了那兔子蹂躏得难看的草场。在树林中，鸟雀在啾呶着胜利揭歌最后的牛群，慢慢地在被残踏得象人们行路似的草场上曳着笨重的步伐，一个人在呼喝着它们。 + + "今晚他们捋乳捋得晚了。"弗林太太严厉地说，"因为他们知道陆克在天黑以前是不会回来的。" + + 她们来栅栏边，栅栏的后面蔓生着小衫树的丛林。那里有一个小门，但是锁着。在里面的草地上放着一个空瓶子。 + + "这是守猎人盛牛奶的空瓶子。"弗林太太解释着，"我们装满了牛奶便带来此地，他自己会来取的。" + + "什么时候？"康妮问。 + + "呵，他什么时候经过此地便什么时候取的。多数是早晨。好了，再会罢，查太莱夫人！请你常来，你到我家里来真是难得的。" + + 康妮跨过栅栏，进到了一条狭隘的小径上，两旁都是些丛密的小杉树。弗林太太戴着一顶教员戴的遮日帽，在牧场上跑着回去。康妮不喜欢这丛密的新植的树林，这种地方令人觉得可怖和闷塞。她低着头赶路，心里想着弗林太太的孩子，那是个可爱的小东西，不过她的两腿将来要象她父亲似的，有点弯曲罢了。现在已经可以看出来了，但是也许长大了会变得好的。有个孩子是多么温暖，多么称心，弗林太太显得多么得意！她至少有一样东西是康妮没有，而且是显然地不能有的。是的，弗林太大熔耀她的为母的尊荣，康妮有点儿，微微地有点儿嫉妒。这是她无知如何的。 + + 突然地，她从沉思中吓了一跳，微地惊叫了一声，一个人在那里！ + + 那是守猎人，他站在狭径中好象巴蓝的驴子，截着眼前的去路。 + + "怎么，你？"她惊愕地说。 + + "你怎么来的？"她喘着气追问道。 + + "但是你怎么在这里？你到小屋里去过么？" + + "不：不：我刚从玛尔海来。" + + 他奇异地探究地望着她；低着头，觉得是点罪过。 + + "你现在是到小屋里去么？"他用着有点严厉的声调问道。 + + "不，我不能去，我在玛尔海已离开好一会，家里人都不知道我到哪里去了。我回去要晚了，我得赶快跑。" + + "似乎把我丢弃了？"他微微地冷笑着说。 + + "不！不，不是这样，只是……" + + "不是这样还有什么？"他说了，向她走了过去，跟上她，她觉得他的全身是可怕地紧贴着她。这样的兴奋。 + + "呵，不要现在、不要现在。"她一边喊着，一边想把他推开。 + + "为什么不？现在只是六点钟，你还有半点钟。不，不！我要你，" + + 他紧紧地抱着她，她觉得他的着急。她的古代人的本能使她为自由而挣扎，但是她的里面有着一种什么又迟钝又沉重珠怪东西，他的身以迫在压着她，她再也没有心去挣扎了。 + + 他向四下望了一望。 + + "来……这儿来！打这边来。"他一边说，一边尖锐地望着浓密的小杉树丛中，这些小松树还没他们一半高。 + + 他望着她。她看见他的眼睛是强烈的，光亮的，凶悍的，而没有表情，但是她已不能自主了，她觉得她的四肢奇异地沉重起来，她退让了，她驯服了。 + + 他引着她在不易穿过的刺人的树丛中穿了进去，直到二块稍为空旷而有着一丛拓死的树枝的地方，他把些干拓的树校铺在地上，再把他的钙套和上衣盖在上面，她只好象一只野兽似地，在树下躺下去；同时，只穿着衬衣和短裤的他，站在旁边等待着，牢牢地望着她，但是他还有体贴周到的，他使她舒舒服服地躺着，不过，他却把她的内衣的带子扯断了，因为她只管懒慵地躺着，而不帮助他。 + + 他也是把前身裸露着，当他进她里面的时候，她觉得他裸着的皮肉紧贴着她，他在她里面静止了一会，在那儿彭胀着，颤动着，当他开始抽动的时候，在骤然而不可抑止的征服欲里，她里面一种新奇的、惊心动魄的东西，在波动着醒了转来，波动着，波动着，波动着，好象轻柔的火焰的轻扑，轻柔得象毛羽样，向着光辉的顶点直奔，美妙地，美妙地，把她溶解，把她整个内部溶解了。那好象是钟声一样，一波一波地登峰造极。她躺着，不自觉地发着狂野的，细微的呻吟，呻吟到最后。但是他结束得太快了，太快了；而她再也不能用自己的力量迫使自己完结，这一次是不同了，不同了，她毫无能力了，好也不能坚挺起来缠着他，去博得她自己的满足了。当她觉得他在引退着，引退着，收缩着，就要从她那里滑脱出去的可怕的片刻，她的心里暗暗地呻吟着，她只好等待，等待。她的整个肉体在温柔地开展着，温柔地哀恳着，好象一根洁水下的海芜草，哀恳着他再进去，而使她满足，她在火炽的热情中昏迷着，紧贴着他，他并没有完全滑脱了她，她觉得他的温软的肉蕾，在她里面耸动起来，用着奇异的有节奏的动作，一种奇异的节奏在她里面泛滥起来，彭胀着，彭胀着，直至把她空洞的意识充满了。于是，难以言语形容的动作重新开始一其实这并不是一种动作，而是纯粹的深转着的肉感之旋涡，在她的肉里，在她的意识里，愈转愈深，直至她成了一个感觉的波涛之集中点。她躺在那儿呻吟着，无意识地声音含混地呻吟着，这声音从黝黑无边的夜里发了出来，这是生命！男子在一种敬惧中听着他下面的这种声音，同时把他的生命的泉源插射在她的里面，当这声音低抑着时，他也静止下来，懵懵地，一动不动地卧着；同时她也慢慢地放松了她的拥抱，软慵地横陈着。他们躺着，忘了一切，甚至互相忘着，两个人都茫然若失了。直至最后，他开始振醒过来，觉察了自己无遮地裸露着，而她也觉察了他的身体的重压放松了，他正要离开她了，但是她心里觉得她不能容忍他让她无所麻盖，他现在得永久地庇盖着她。 + + 但是他终于引退了，他吻着她，把她遮掩起来，然后开始遮掩着他自己，她躺着，仰望着上面的树枝，还是没有力量移动，他站着，把他的短裤扣好了，向四周望着，一切都在死寂中，只有那受惊的小狗儿，鼻子挟在两脚中间，俯伏着。他在树枝堆上重新坐了下去，静默地握着康妮的手。 + + "这一次我们是同时完毕的。"他说。 + + 她回转头来望着他，没有回答。 + + "象这个样子是很好的，大部分人，过了一生还不知道这个呢。"他象是做梦似地说着。 + + 她望着他的沉思的脸。 + + "真的么？"她说，"你快乐吗？" + + 他回转头来向她眼里望着，"快乐，"他说，"是的，但是不要谈这个."他不要她谈这个。他俯着身去吻她，她觉得他应该这样永久地吻着她。 + + 最后，她坐了起来。 + + "人们很少有同时完毕的么？"她用一种天真的好奇心问道。 + + "很少。你只要看他们的呆板的样子便看得出来。"他无可奈何地说着，心里懊悔着为什么开始了这种谈话。 + + "你和基耸女人这样完毕过么" + + 他觉得好笑地望着她。 + + "我不知道。"他说，"我不知道。" + + 她明白了，他决不会对她说他所不愿说的事情的，她望着他的脸，她对他的热情，在她脏腑在颤动着，她尽力抑制着，因为她觉得自己迷失着了。 + + 他穿好了上衣和外套；在小杉树丛中避开了一条路直至小径上。落日的最后光辉，沉在树林梢头了，"我不送你了。"他说，"还是不送的好。" + + 在他离开之前，她热情地望着他，他的狗儿不耐烦恼地等着他。她好象没有什么话好说了，再也没有什么了。 + + 康妮缓缓地归去，明白了在她的心里面，另有一件深藏着的东西了。一个自我在她的里面活着，在她的子宫里，脏腑里，温柔地溶化着，燃烧着，她以这个眶我的全部，去崇拜她的情人，她崇拜到觉得走路时，两膝都柔软无力起来，在她的子宫里，脏腑里，她满足地，生气蓬勃地，脆弱地，不能自己地崇拜着他，好象一个最天真的妇人。她对自己说："那好象是个孩子，那好象有个孩子在我的里面。"……那是真的，她的子宫，好象一向是关闭着的，现在是展开了。给一个新的生命充实了，这新的生命虽然近于一种重负，但是却是可爱的。 + + "要是我有了孩子！"她心里想着，"要是我有了他的孩子在我的里面！"……想到了这个，她的四脚软怠了，她明白了有个自我的孩子，和有个全身全心欲爱着的男人的孩子，这其间是有天壤之别的，前者似乎是平凡的，但是从一个整个心欲崇拜着的男子得到孩子，那使她觉得和旧日的大不相同了。那使她深深地，深深地沉醉在一切女性的中心里，沉醉在开化以前的睡眠里。 + + 她所觉得新奇的并不是热情，而是那渴望的崇拜。这是她一向所惧怕的，因为这种崇拜的情感要使她失掉力量；她现在还在惧怕，唯恐她崇拜得过深时她要把自己迷失了，把自己抹杀了，她不愿象一个未开花的女子似地被抹煞而成为一个奴隶。她决不要成为一个奴隶，她惧怕她的崇拜的心情，但是她不愿立刻反抗起来，她胸中有个固执的意志，那是很可以对她子宫里的日见增大的崇拜的温情宣战而把它歼灭的。甚至现在，她可以这样做，至少她心里这样想，她可以无意地驾驭她的热情。 + + 唉，是的，热情得象一个古罗马时代狂饮烂醉的酒神的女祭司，在树林中奔窜着找寻伊亚科斯，找寻这个无人性的，纯粹是的神仆赫阳物！男子，这个人，得不要让他僭越。他只是个库堂的司阉者，他只是那赫赫阳物的持有者与守护者，这阳物是属于女子的。 + + 这样，在这新的醒觉中，古代的坚固的热情，在她心里燃了些时，把男子缩小成一个可卑鄙的东西，仅仅是一个阳物的持有者，当他尽他的职务是，全部被撕成碎片的，她觉得她的四肢和身体里面，有着那种古代狂欢节的族纵的女祭司的力量，有着那种蹂躏男性的热情而迅速的女人的力量。但是，当她觉着这个的时候，她的心是沉重的，她不要这一切，这一切都是不神秘的，光赤的，不育的，只有崇拜的温情才是她的宝藏，这宝藏是这样的深奥而温柔，这样的神秘而不可思仪！不，不，不，她要放弃她的坚固的、光辉的、妇人权威，这东西使她觉得疲乏而僵硬；她要沉没在生命的新的洗浴里，沉没在无声地歌唱着崇拜之歌的她的子宫脏腑的深处，那未免太早去开始惧怕男子了。 + + "我到玛尔海去散步来，并且和弗林太太喝了杯茶。"她对克利福说，"我是想去看她的孩子的，她的头发好象是好的蛛丝，这孩子真可爱，真是个宝贝！弗林上市场去了，所以她和我和孩子大家一起吃了些茶点，你没有纳闷我到那儿去了吗？" + + "是的，我纳闷不知你到那儿去了，但是我猜着你定是在什么地方喝茶去了。克利福嫉妒地说，他的心眼里，觉察了她有着什么新的地方，有着什么她不太了解的地方，但是他把这个归因于孩子。他相信康妮之所苦脑，都是因为没有孩子，换句话，都是因为她不能机械地生个孩子。 + + "夫人，我看见你穿过了花园打那铁门出去。"波太太说，"所以我想你恐怕是到牧师家里去了。" + + 这两个妇人的眼睛交视着，波太太的是灰色的，光耀的，探究的；康妮的是蓝色的，朦胧的，奇异地美丽的，波太太差不多断定康妮有了个情人了。但是这怎么可能呢？那里来个男子呢？ + + "呵，不时出去走走，访访人家，于你是很有益处的。"波太太说，"我刚对克利福男爵说，如果夫人肯多出访访人，于她是有无限益处的。" + + "是的，我觉得很高兴出去走一趟，克利福，那真是个可爱的孩子，这样玲珑而毫无忌惮"康妮说，"她的头发简直象蜘蛛网，有着光耀的橙红色，两只眼睛淡蓝得象磁做的一样，那奇妙而毫无忌惮自然呵，因为那是个女孩，否则不会这么大胆的。" + + "夫人说得一点不错……那简直是个小弗林。他们一家都是多头发。都是毫无忌惮的。"波太太说。 + + "你喜欢看看她吗．克利福：我已经约了她们来喝茶，这样你就可以看看她了。" + + "谁？"他一边说，一边怪不安地望着康妮。"弗林太太和她的女孩下星期一来。" + + "你可以请他们到楼上你房里去。"他说。 + + "怎么，你不想看看那孩子么？"她喊道。 + + "呵，看看倒无所谓但是我不想整个钟头和她们坐在一块儿喝茶。" + + "呵！"康妮说着，两只朦胧的大眼睛望着他。 + + 其实她并没有看他,他是另一个什么人。 + + "你们可以舒舒服服地在你楼上房里用茶呢，夫人，克利福男爵不在一块儿。弗林太太要觉得自在得多的。"波太太说。 + + 她确定康妮已有了情人了，她的灵魂里有什么东西在欢欣着，但是他是谁呢？他是谁呢也许弗林太太替她牵线的罢。 + + 那晚上，康妮不愿意洗澡。她觉得他触过她的肉，她觉得他的肉紧贴过她，这感觉于她是可贵的。是一神圣的感觉。 + + 克利福觉得非常烦躁。晚饭后，他不愿让她走开，而她却渴望着快点到房里去孤独地待着，她的眼睛望着他但是奇异地顺从他。 + + "我们玩玩牌呢。还是让我念书给你听？"他不安地问道。 + + "念书给我听罢。"康妮说。 + + "念什么……诗呢。散文呢，还是戏剧呢？" + + "念点拉车的诗罢。"她说。 + + 从前，他法式的抑扬婉转地念拉车的诗是他的拿手好戏，但是现在呢，他再也没有那种气派，而且有点局促了，其实，与其念书，她是宁愿听收音机，但是康妮替弗林太太的婴孩缝着一件黄绸的小衣裳；那衣料是她散步回一晚餐以前，从她的一件衣裳剪裁下来的，她静静地坐着，在温柔地情绪中沉醉着，缝缀着，与此同时，他在继续在念着拉辛的诗。 + + 在她的心里，她可以感觉到热情在嗡嗡发声，好象沉钟的尾声。 + + 克利福对她说了些关于拉辛的话，他说过了好一会，她才明白他说什么。 + + "是的！是的！"她抬头望着他说，"做得真好。" + + 她的眼睛的深妙的蓝光，和她的温柔的静坐着的神情、重新使他惊骇起来，她从来没有那么温柔，那么静寂的，她使他不能自己地迷惑着，好象她在发着什么香味使他沉醉似的。这样，他无力地继续着念诗；他的法文发音的喉音，她觉是烟囱里的风似的，他念的拉辛的诗句，她一字也都没有听到。 + + 她已经沉醉在她的温柔的美梦里了，好象一个发着芽的春天的森林，梦昧地，欢快地，在呜咽着，她可以感觉着在同一曲世界里，他和她是在一起的，他，那无名的男子，用着美丽的两脚，神妙地美丽的两脚，向前移动，在她的心里，在她的血脉里，她感觉着他和他的孩子，他的孩子是在她所有血脉里，象曙光一样。 + + "因为她没有手，没有眼，没有脚，也没有金发的宝藏 + + 她象一个森林似的，象一个阴暗的、橡树交错的树林似的，千千万万地蓓苗在开发着，在无声地低语着。同时，那些欲望的鸟儿，在她错缩浓密的身体里睡着。 + + 但是克利福的声音不停地、异乎寻常地轨轹着，咕噜着。多么异样的声音！多么异样的他，倾着身在他的书本上，样子是奇怪的，贪婪的，文明的，他有宽阔的肩膊，却没有两条真腿！多么怪异的生物，天赋着尖锐的！冷酷无情的、某种鸟类的意志，没有热力，一点都没有！这是未一煌生物之一，没有灵魂，只有一个极活冷酷的意志。她怕他，微微地颤战起来，不过，温柔的热烈的生命之火焰，是比他更强的，并且真实的事情却瞒着他呢。 + + 诗念宛了。她吃了一惊，她抬头看见克利福的灰白而乖恶的眼睛，好象含恨地在望着她，这更使她惊愕起来。 + + "非常感谢！你念拉辛念得真好！"她温柔地说。 + + "差不多念和昨你听着一样的好。"他残酷地说。"你在做着什么？"他问。 + + "我替弗林太太的孩子做件衣裳。" + + 他的头转了过去，孩子！孩子！她只想着这个。 + + "毕竟呢，"他用一种浮夸的口气说，"我们所需要的，都可以从拉辛的诗里得到，有条理有法则的情绪。是比紊乱的情绪更重要的。" + + 她的两只朦胧的大眼睛注视着他。 + + "是的，的确！"她说。 + + "近代人让情绪放荡无羁，这只有使情绪平庸化罢了，我们所需要的，便是有古典的约束。" + + "是的。"她缓缓地说看见他的脸孔毫无表情，正在听着收录机的激动人心的痴话，"人们假装着有情绪、其实他们是毫无所感的，我想这便是所谓浪漫罢。" + + "一点不错！"他说。 + + 实在说，他是疲惫了。这种晚上使他疲惫了，与其过着这样的晚上，他是宁愿读点技术上的书，或和矿场的经理谈话，或是听收录机的。 + + 波太太带了两杯麦芽牛奶走了进来，一杯是给克利福喝了好安睡的，一杯是给康妮喝了好长胖的，这是她介绍勒格贝来的一种经常的的夜点。 + + 康妮喝完了后，心里高兴，她可以走开，并且心里感激着不必去帮助克利福就寝的事了。 + + "晚安。克利福，祝你安睡？拉车的涛好象一个梦似的深入人心，晚安！" + + 她向门边走去她没有吻他晚安便走了，他的尖锐而冷酷的眼瞄望看她，好！他为她念下整晚的诗她却连一个晚安的吻都不给他这样的铁石心肠！即令说这种亲吻只是一种形式罢，但生命是筑在这种形式上的、她实在是个波尔雪维克主义者！她的本能鄙是波尔雪维克主义者的！他冷酷地、愤怒地望着她从那里走出那个门。愤怒！" + + 他给夜之恐怖所侵袭了．他只是一团神经同甘共苦结着的东西，当他不用全力兴奋地工作的时候，或当他不空泛迷离地听着收音机的时候，他便给焦虑的情绪纠缠着，而感觉着一种大祸临头的空洞，他恐怖着，假如康妮愿意的话，她是可以保护他的。但是显然她并不愿意，她并不愿意，她是冷酷无情的，他为她所做的一切，她都漠然无睹，他把他的生命捐弃给她，她还是漠然无睹。她只想我行我素，走自己的道路。 + + 现在她所醉心的便是孩子，她要这个孩子是她自己的。全是她自己的，而不是他的！ + + 虽然，克利福的身体是很壮健的，他的脸色是这样的红润,他的肩膊宽阔而有力，他的胸膛是这样大的，他发胖了。但是，同时他却怕死。什么地方好象有个可怕的空洞在恐吓着他，好象一个深渊似的；他的精力要崩倒在这深里，有时他软弱无力地觉得自己要死了，真的死了。 + + 因此他的有点突出的两只灰色的眼睛，显怪异的，诡秘，却有点残暴，冷酷而同时差不多又是无忌惮的，这种无忌惮的神气是奇特的，好象他不怕生命如此强悍，而他却战胜着生命似的。"谁能认识意志之神秘,因为意志竟能胜天使……" + + 但是他所最恐怖的，便是当他不能入睡的夜里那时真是可怖，四方作斋的空虚压抑着,他毫无生命而生存着，多么可怕！在深夜里毫无生命、却生存着！ + + 但是现在，他可以按铃叫波太太，这是个大大的安慰。她穿着睡衣便走了过来、头发辫结着垂在背后、虽然她的棕色的头发里杂着自发地却奇异地有少女的暗淡的神气。她替他煮咖啡或煮凉茶或和他玩象棋或"毕克"纸牌戏。她有着那种对于游戏的奇民蝗女性的才能甚至在睡眼朦胧中还能下一手好象棋，而使他觉得胜之无愧。这样，在深夜的，静寂的亲密里，他们坐着。或是她坐着，而他卧在床上，桌上了灯光孤寂地照着他们。她失去了睡眠，他失去了恐怖。他们玩着，一起玩着一然后一起喝杯咖啡，吃块饼干，在万籁俱寂的深夜里，两人都不太说什么话、但是两人的心里都觉得安泰了。 + + 这晚上，她奇怪着究竟谁是查太莱男爵夫人的情人。她又想起他的德底，他虽早已死了，但她总觉得他没有十分死的。当她想起他时，她对于人世的，尤其对于那些残害他的生命的主子们的心底旧恨，便苏醒了转来，那些主子们并没有真的残害他的生命。但是，在她的情感上，都是真的。因为这个，在她心的深处，她是个虚无主义者，而且真的是无政府主义者。 + + 在她的朦胧半睡中，她杂乱地想着她的德底和查太莱男爵夫人的不知名的情人。这一来，她觉得和那另一个妇人共有着对于克利福男爵，以及他所代表的一切事物的大怨恨。同时，她却和他玩着"毕克"，赌着六便士的胜负。和一个有爵位的人玩"毕克"，甚至输了六便士，毕竟是可引为荣誉的事呢。 + + 他们玩纸牌戏时，是常常赌钱的，那可以使他忘掉自己。他是常常赢的。这晚上还是他赢，这一来，不到天亮，他不愿去就寝了。侥幸地，在四点半钟左右，睡意开始显现了。在这一段的时间里，康妮上在床酣睡着，但，是那守猎人，他也不能安息，他把鸡笼关闭了，在树林里巡逻一同，然后回家去吃夜餐。他并不上床去，他坐在火旁边思索着。 + + 他想着他在达娃斯哈过去的童年，和他的五、六年的结婚生活，他照例苦味地想着他的妻。她是那样粗暴的！但是他自从一九一五年的春天入伍之后，便至今没有见过她。然而她还在不到三英里路之遥生活着，而且比一向更其粗暴。他希望这一生永不再见她了。 + + 他想着他在国外的士兵的生涯由印度到埃及，又回到印度，那盲目的、无忧虑的、与马群在一起的生涯；那爱他的，也是他所爱的上校；那几年的军官生涯大可以升为上尉的中尉生涯然后上校的死于肺炎，和他自己的死里逃生；他健康的，他的深大的不安，他的离开军职而回到英国来再成为一个佣人。 + + 他只是把生命托延着。在这树林中，至秒在短期内，他相信定可安全，在那里，并没有人来打猎，他的唯一的事便是养育雉鸡，他可以孤独而与生命隔绝，这便是他唯一希望的事，他得有一块立足的地方，俺这儿是他的出世的故乡。甚至他的老母还住在这儿，虽则他对于他的母亲一向并没有什么了不起的感情。他可以一天一天地继续着生活，与人无术怨，于心无奢望。因为他是茫然不知所措的。 + + 他是茫然不知所措的。自从他当过几年军官，并且和其他的军官和公务员以及他们的家庭交往以来，他的一切雄心都死了，他认识了中上阶级是坚韧的，象橡胶一样奇异的坚韧，却缺乏生命，这使他觉得冰冷，而且觉得自己和他们是多么相异。 + + 这样，他重新回到他自己的阶级里去，在那里去找回几年外出之中所忘记了的东西，那些下分令人重大不的卑贱的心情和庸俗的仪态。他现在终于承认仪态是多么重要的了，而且他承认，假装对于一两个铜板和其它生命中的琐事满不在乎的样子是多么重要的了，但是在平民之中是没有什么假装的，猪油的价钱多一枚或少一枚铜板，是比删改《圣经》更重要的。这使他真忍受不了！ + + 况且，那儿还有工资的问题呵。他已经在占有阶级中生活过，他知道试图解决工资问题是多么徒劳梦想的事，除了死之外，是没有解决的可能的。不如不要管，不要管什么工资问题。 + + 然而，要是没有钱而且不幸，你便不得不管，无论怎样，这渐渐成为他们所担心的唯一的事情了。钱的担心，好象一种庞大的通病，咀食着一切阶级中的个人，他不愿为钱担心。 + + 那么又怎样呢：生命除了为钱担心以外，还有什么？什么都没有。 + + 可是他可以孤独地生活着，心里淡淡地满足着自己能够孤独，养雉鸡，这些雉鸡是终要给那些饱餐以后的肥胖先生们射乐的，多么空泛！多么徒然！ + + 但是为什么担心，为什么烦恼呢？他没有担心，也没有烦脑过，直至现在这个女人来到了他的生命里，他差不多大她十岁，他的经验比她多一千年，他俩间的关系日见密切，他已可以预见那一天，他们再也不能脱这关系，而他们便不得不创造一个共同的生活了。"因为爱之束缚不易解开！" + + 那么怎样呢？怎样呢？他是不是必须赤手空拳地重新开始？他走不是定要牵累这个女人？他是不是定和要她的残废的丈夫作可怖争吵？还要和他自己含恨的妻作些可怖的争吵？多么不幸！多么不幸！并且他已经不年轻了，他再也不轻快活泼了，他又不是无忧无虑的那种人，所有的苦楚和所有的丑恶都能使他受伤，还有这个妇人。 + + 但是纵令他们把克利福男爵和他自己的妻的障碍除去了，纵令他们得到了自由，他们又将怎样呢？他自己己又将怎样呢？他将怎样摆布他的生活呢？因为他总得做点什么事他不能让自己做寄生虫，依靠她的金钱和他自己的很小的恤金度日的！ + + 这是一个不能解决的问题。他只能幻想着到美国去，到美国去尝口新鲜的空气，他是毫不相信金元万元的，但是也许那儿会有旁的什么东西。 + + 他不能安息，甚至不愿上床去，他呆呆的在苦味地思索中坐到了半夜，他突然地站了起来，取了他的外套和枪。 + + "来罢，女孩儿。"他对狗儿说，"我们还是到外头去的好。" + + 这是个无月亮的繁垦之夜，他举着轻轻的步伐，缓缓地，小心地巡逻着，他唯一所要留神的东西，便是矿工们尤其是史德门的矿工们在玛尔附近所放的舞免机，但是现在是生育的季节，甚至矿工们对这点都有点新生而不过分放肆的，虽然，这样偷偷地巡逻着，去搜索偷掳野兽的人，却使他的神经安静了下来，而使他忘记了思虑。 + + 但是，当他缓缓地，谨慎地巡逻完了的时候——那差不多要走五英里路一他觉得疲乏了，他走上山顶上去，向四周眺望。除了永不停息的，史德门矿场的隐约而断续的声音外，没有什么其他的声音；除了工厂里一排一排的闪炼的电灯光外，差不多没有什么其他的光，世界在烟雾中阴森地沉睡着，那是两点半了，但是这世界虽然是在沉睡中，还是不安，残的绘火车声和大路上经过的大货车的声音搅扰着，给高炉的玫瑰色的光照耀着。这是一个铁与煤的世界。铁的残忍。煤的乌姻和无穷无尽的念婪，驱驶着这世上的一切，在它的睡眠里，只有贪婪骚扰着。 + + 夜是冷的，他咳嗽起来，一阵冷风在小山上吹着，他想着那妇人，现在他愿放弃他所有一切或他会有的一切、去换取这个妇人，把她抱在两臂里、两个人暖暖地拥在一张毡子里酣睡，一切未来的希望和一切过去的获得，他都愿放弃了去换取她，和她温暖地拥有一蹬毡子丑酣睡，只管酣睡。他觉得把这个妇人抱在他臂里睡觉是他唯一的需要的事情。 + + 他到小屋里去．盖着毡子、躺在地上预备睡觉，但是他不能入睡，他觉得冷，此外。他残酷地觉得他自己的天性的缺憾。他残酷地觉得他的孤独条件的不全，他需要她，他想摸触她，想把她紧紧地抱在怀里，共享那圆满而酣睡的片刻。 + + 他重新站了起来，走出门去，这一次他是向着花园的门走去，然后慢慢地沿着小径向着大厦走去，那时差不多是四点钟了，夜是透明的，寒冷的，但是曙光还没有出现，他是习惯于黑夜的人，他能清楚地辨别一切。 + + 慢慢地，慢慢地，那大厦好象磁石似地吸引他。他需要去亲近她，那并不是为了情欲，不，那是为了那残酷的缺憾的孤独的感觉，这种感觉是需要一个静寂的妇人抱在他的两臂里，才能使它消逝的，也许他能找到她罢，也许他甚至可以唤她出来，或者寻个方法到她那里去罢。因为这种需要是不可抗拒的。 + + 缓慢地，静默的，他攀登那小山坡向着大厦走去，他走到了山摄，绕过那棵大树，踏上了绕着大厦门前那块菱形的草地，而直达门口的那条大路。门前那大草坪上矗立着的两株大山毛梯树，在夜色中阴暗地浮出，他都看得清楚了。 + + 这便是那大厦，低低的，长长的，暖味的，楼下点着一盏灯，那是克利福男爵的卧室，但是那牵着柔丝的极端残酷地引诱着他的妇人，竟在那一间房子呢？他可不知道。 + + 他再前进了几步，手里拿着枪，在那大路上呆站着，注视着那大屋，也许他现在还可以用个什么方法找到她，去到她那儿去罢，这屋并不是难进的；他又有夜盗一样的聪明，为什么不到那儿去呢？他呆呆地站着，等着。这时，曙光在他的背后微微的破露了。他看见屋里的灯光熄灭了，但是他却没有看见波太太走近窗前，把深蓝色的绸窗幕拉开，望着外面黎明的半暗的天，希冀着曙光的早临，等待着，等待着克利福知道真的天亮了。因为当他知道的确天亮了时，他差不多便可以即刻入睡的。 + + 她站在窗边，睡眼惺松地等待着，突然地，她吃了一惊，差不多叫出来了，因为那大路上，在黎明中，有个黑暗的人影。她完全清醒了，留神地审视着，但是不露声色，免得打扰克利福男爵的清睡。 + + 自日的光明开始疯疯地侵浸在大地上了；那黑暗的人影好象变小了，更清楚了，她分辨了枪和脚绊和宽大的短衣外一这不是奥利华·梅乐士那守猎人吗？是的，因她的狗儿在那里，好象一个影子似地东闻西嗅着，等着它的主人呢！ + + 但是这人要什么呢？他是不是想把大家叫醒了？为什么他钉着似地站在那儿，仰望着这大厦，好象一条患着相思病的公狗，站在母狗的门前？ + + 老天爷哟！波太太陡然地醒悟了，查太莱夫人的情人便是他！便是他！ + + 多么令人惊讶！但是她自己一爱微·波东敦，也曾有点钟爱过他的。那时，他是十六岁的孩子，面她是个二十六岁的妇人。她还在研究着护学，他曾大大地帮助过她研究关于解副学和其他应学的东西，那是个聪慧的孩子，他得过雪非尔德公学的奖学金，学过法文和其他的东西，以后终竟成了个蹄铁匠，他说那是因炮喜欢马的缘故，其实那是因为他不敢与世触，不过他永不承认罢了。 + + 但是他是个可爱的孩子，很可爱的孩子，他曾大大地帮助过她，他有很巧妙的法使你明白事情，他的聪明全不下于克利福男爵，并且他和妇女们是很合得来的，人都说，他和妇人们是比和男子们更合得来的。 + + 直至他蠢笨地和那白黛·古蒂斯结了婚，这种婚姻仿佛是为了泄愤似的，有许多人是这样的，他们是为了汇愤而结婚的，因为他们有过什么失意的事情，无疑地这是个失败的婚姻……在大战期中，他出外去了几年，他成了一个中尉，做了个十足的上流人！然后回到达娃斯哈来当一个守猎人！真的，有些人是不知道攫着机会上升的！他重新说起一回下注阶级所说的土话，而她一爱微·波尔敦，却知道他愿意时，是可以说在任何贵绅所说的英语。 + + 呵呵！原来男爵夫人给他迷住了！晤，他并不是第一个……他有着一种什么迷人的东西，不过，想想看！一个达娃斯哈村里生长教养出来的孩子！而是勒格贝大厦里的男爵夫人的情人！老实说，这是给查太莱大富大贵之家的一个耳光哟！ + + 但是他，那守猎人，看见白日渐渐显现，他明白了，那是徒劳的，想把你自己从孤独中解脱出来，边种尝试是徒劳的，你得一生依附着这孤独，空虚的弥补只是间或的事，只是间或的！但是你得等待这时机来到，接受你的孤独而一生依着它。然后接受弥补空田的时机，但是这时机是自已来的，你不能用力勉强的。 + + 骤然地。引诱他么追臆她的狂欲毁碎了。这是他毁碎的，因为他觉得那应该这样，双方都应该互相对着趋近，假如她不向他前来，他便不应去追逐她。他不应这样，他得走开，直至她向他前来的时候。 + + 他缓缓地，沉思地、转身走开，重新接受着他的孤立，他知道这样是好些的，她应该向他前来，追逐她是没有用的，没有用的。 + + 波太太看着他婚姻没了，看着他的狗儿跑着跟在他的后面。 + + "呵呵，原来这样！"，"我一向就没有想以他，而他恰恰便我所应该想到的！我没有了德底以后(那时他还年轻)他曾对象很好过，呵，呵！假如他知道了的话，他将怎么说呢！" + + 她向着自已经入睡了的克利福得意地望了一眼，轻轻地走出了房门。 + + + + 第十一章 + + 康妮正在一间旧物贮藏室里收拾着。勒格贝有好几间这样的贮藏室，这林厦真是个么贮藏库，而这家人却永不把旧东西拿去卖。佐佛莱男爵的父亲喜欢收藏图画，佐佛莱男爵的母亲喜欢收藏十六世纪的意大利家具。佐佛莱男爵他自己喜欢收藏橡木雕刻的老箱子，教堂里的圣衣箱。边样一代一代地传下来。克利福收藏些近代画，一些不大值钱的近代画。 + + 在这旧物贮藏室里，有些兰德西尔的坏作品，有些韩特的可怜的鸟巢和其他一堆庸俗的皇家艺术学会会员的绘画，都是足以使一个皇家艺术学会会员的女人吓倒的。她决意把这一切东西查阅一遍，整理出来，那些粗重的家俱使她觉得有趣。 + + 她发现了一个家传的红木老摇篮。这摇篮被谨慎地包捆着，以防尘埃和损坏。她把它拆开了。这摇篮有着某种可人的地方；她审视了一番。 + + "真可惜用不着这个摇篮。"在旁边帮着忙的波太太叹着气说，"虽然这样的摇篮现在已经太旧式了。" + + "也许有一天用得着的，我也许要有个孩子呢。"康妮从容地说，仿佛说着她也许可以有一顶新帽子似地轻易。 + + "难道你是说克利福男爵可以好些么？"波太太结结巴巴地说。 + + "不必等到他好些了，我是照他现在的情况说。他只是筋肉的瘫痪罢了——这对他是没有妨碍的。"康妮自然得象呼吸似地说着谎。 + + 那是克利福给她的主意，她说过，"自然啦，我还可以生个孩子的。我并不是真的残废了，纵令臀部和腿部的筋肉瘫痪了，而且殖力是可以容易恢复的，那时种子便可以传递了。" + + 他对于彩矿问题是这样的致力，在这种活泼奋勇的日子里，他真的好象觉得他的性功能就要恢复了。康妮恐怖地望着他。但是她是够机警地把他的暗示拿来当作她自己的武器的。因为假如她能够的话，她定要有个孩子的，不过那决不是克利福的孩子。 + + 波太大气窒着呆了一会，过后，她知道了这只是欺骗的话罢了，不足相信的，不过，今日的医生们是能做这种事的；他们很能够做接种这类的事情的。 + + "呵，夫人，我只希望和你可以有个孩子，对于你和对于大家，那是件多么可喜的事！老实说，勒格贝大厦里有个孩子，事情就大不同了！" + + "可不是？"康妮说。 + + 她选了三张六十年前的皇家艺术学会会员的图画，去送给学兰公爵夫人主办的慈善贩卖会。人家叫她做"贩卖会会爵夫人"，她是常常向所有的有爵位的人征求物品给她贩卖的，她得了这三张装了框、署了皇家艺术学会会员的名的图画，定要得意极了，她也许还要亲自来拜谢呢，克利福是顶讨厌她的造访的！"但是，天呀！"波太太心里想，"你准备给我们的是不是梅乐士的孩子啊？天呀,天呀，那简直是一个达娃斯哈的孩子在勒格贝大厦摇篮里了！不过那也可以无愧于这个摇篮的！" + + 在这旧物贮藏室堆积着的许多离奇古怪的东西中，有一日黑漆的大箱子，做得非常巧妙，这是六七十年前的东西，里面安排着各种各样的物件，上面是一些梳妆用品；刷子、瓶子、镜子、梳子、小盒子甚至三个精致的保险小剃刀、肥皂、确和一切刮脸用品。下面是写字台用品：吸水纸、笔、墨水瓶、纸、信封、记事薄。再下全是在女红用具；三把大小不同的剪刀、针、信封、记事簿。再下便是女红用具；三把大小不同的剪刀、针、针箍、丝线、棉线。补缀用的木球，这一切都是精细的上品，此外还有个放药品的格子，瓶子上标着名种药名："鸦片药酒"、"松香水"、"丁香精"等，但都是空的。一切都是没有用过的东西。整个箱子台起来的时候，象一个小而拥肿的提箱。里面摆布得迷魂阵一样的密。密到子里的，水都流不出来：因为一点空也都没有了。 + + 做工和设计都非常精美，这是维多利亚时代的手艺但是这箱子却有点太怪异了。购置这日箱子的查太莱前辈一定也有这种感觉所以从来没有人拿来使用过，这是一口无灵魂的死箱子。 + + 虽然，波太太却喜欢极了。 + + 看看多美丽的刷子这么值钱的东西，甚至那三把刮脸用的肥筇刷，都是无美不备啊！还有那些剪刀！那是钱所能买的最精致的东西了。呵！真可爱！" + + "你觉得么？"康妮说，"那么，你拿去罢。" + + "呵，不！夫人。" + + "是的，拿去罢！否则它要在这儿搁到地球末日呢。假如你不要，我便拿来和图画一起送给公爵夫人了，她是不配受用这许多东西的。真的，拿去罢！" + + "呵！夫人！我真不知道怎么感谢你才好。" + + "那么不要感谢好了。"康妮笑着说。 + + 波太太手里抱着那只大而黝黑的箱子，兴奋得满面春风地走下楼来。 + + 女管家白蒂斯太太驶着车，把波太太利她的箱子，带到村里她家中去。那得请几位朋友来玩赏玩赏于是她请了药剂师的女儿、女教员和一个掌柜助手的女人维顿太太到家里来。她们赏叹了一番之后，开始低谈着查太莱男爵夫人要生小孩了。 + + "神奇的事情是常常有的。"维顿太太说。 + + 但是波太太坚信着，如果孩子真出世了，那定是克利福男爵的孩子。便是这样！ + + 不久以后，教区的牧师来对克利福慈祥地说： + + "我们是不是可以希望一个勒格贝的继承者呢？呵，要是这样，那真是圣灵显迹了！ + + "晤！我们可以这样希望吧。"克利福带着微徽和讥讽同时又有着某种信心地说。他开始相信那是很可能的。 + + 一天下午，大家都叫他做"乡绅文达"的来斯里·文达来了，这是个清瘦、修洁的、七十岁的老先生。"从头到脚都是贵绅。"正如波太太对白蒂斯太太说的一样。的确！他说起话来那种"咳咳！"不绝曰的古老样子，好象比从前戴假发的绍绅还来得冬烘。飞奔的时光，把这些古雅的东西都淘汰了。 + + 他们讨论着煤矿问题。克利福的意思，以为他的煤炭的品质纵令不佳．但是可以做成一种集中燃料，这种燃料如果加以某种带酸的湿空气，好好强压起来，是能够发出很大的热力的，很久以来，人们已注意过这种事实了。在一种强有力的湿风之中，煤炕边燃烧出来的火是畅亮的，差不多没有烟的，剩下来的只是些灰粉，而不是粉红色的粗大砂砾。 + + "但是你到哪里去找到适当的机器去用你的燃料呢？"文达问道。 + + "我要自己去制造这种机器，并且自己去消用这种燃料。这样产生出来的电力我便拿出来卖。我确信这是可以做的。" + + "假如你做得到的话，那好极了，好极了，我的孩子。咳！好极了！要是我能够帮什么忙的话，我是很愿意的。我恐怕我自己对我的煤矿场都是不太合时宜了。但是谁知道呢？当我瞑目以后，还可以有象你一样的人，好极了！这一来所有的工人又有工作了，那时代不要再管煤销不销了。真是好主意，我希望这主意可以成功，要是我自已有儿子的话，无疑地他们会曾希勃来矿场出些新主意。无疑的！顺便问一句，我的亲爱的孩子，外面传的风声，究竟真不真？我们是不是可以希望有个勒格贝的继承人？" + + "外面有这么一个风声么？"克利福问道。 + + "是的，亲爱的孩子，住在惠灵坞的马沙尔向我问起这事是不是真的，这便是我听到的风声，自然，要是这是无稽之谈，我决不向外多嘴的。" + + "晤，文达先生。"克利福不安地说，但是两只眼睛发着异光。"希望是有一个的，希望是有一个的。" + + 文达从房子的那边踱了过来，把克利福的手紧握着。 + + "我亲爱的孩子，我亲爱的朋友，你知道不知道我听了心里多快活？知道你抱着得子的希望工作着，也许那一天达娃斯哈的工人都要重新受雇于你了！呵，我的孩子、能够保持着家声，和有着现成的工作给有意工作的任何人……" + + 老头儿实在感动了。 + + 第二天康妮正把一些黄色的郁金香安置在一个玻璃瓶里。 + + "康妮，"克利福说，"你知道外边传说着你就要给勒格贝生一个继承人了吗？" + + 康妮觉得给恐怖笼罩着了。但是她却安泰地继续布摆着她的花。 + + "我不知道。"她说，"那是笑话呢，还是有意中伤？" + + 他静默了一会，然后答道： + + "我希望两样都不是。我希望那是一个预言。" + + 康妮还是在整理着她的花。 + + "我今早接了父亲一封信。"她说，"他问我，他已经替我答应过亚力山大·柯泊爵士，在七月和八月到他的威尼斯的爱斯姆拉达别墅去度署的事，忘记了没有。" + + "七月和八月？"克利福说。 + + "呵，我不会留两个月那么久的，你真的不能一起去么" + + "我不愿到国外旅行去。"克利福迅速地说。 + + 她把花拿到窗前去。 + + "但是我去，你不介意罢？"她说，"你知道那是答应了的事情。" + + 你要去多少时候？" + + "也许三个星期。" + + 大家静默了一会。" + + "那吗，"克利福慢慢地、带几分忧郁地说，"假如你去了一定还想回来的话，我想三个星期我是可以忍受的。" + + "我一定要回来的。"她质朴地娴静地说，心里确信着她是一定要回来的。她正想着另一个男子。 + + 克利福觉着她的确信，他相信她，他相信那是为了他的缘故。他觉得心上的一块石头松了，他马上笑逐颜开起来。 + + "这样吗，"他说，"我想是没有问题的，是不是？" + + "是的。"她说。 + + "换换空气，你定要觉得快乐罢？" + + 她的奇异的蓝色的眼睛望着他。 + + "我很喜欢再见见威尼斯，"她说，"并且在那浅水湖过去的小岛的沙滩上洗洗澡。但是你知道我是厌恶丽岛的！我相信我不会喜欢亚力大·柯泊爵士和柯泊爵士夫人的。但是有希尔达在那儿，并且假如我们有一只自己的游艇，那么，是的，那定是有趣的。我实在希望你也能一起去呢。" + + 她说这话是出于至诚的。她很愿意在这种小事情上使他快乐快乐的。 + + "唉，但是想象一下我在巴黎北车站或加来码头上的情形罢！" + + "但是那有什么关系呢？我看过其他的在大战中受了伤的人，何况我们是可以坐汽车去呢。" + + "那么我们得带两个仆人去了。" + + "呵，用不着，我们带非尔德去就行了，那边总会有个仆人的。" + + 但是克利福摇了摇头。 + + "今年不去了，亲爱的，今年不去！或者明年再看罢。" + + 她忧愁地走开了，明年！明年他又将怎样么？她自己实在并不想到威尼斯去，现在不，现在是有了那个男人了，但是她还是要去，为了要服从生活的纪律的缘故；而且，要是她有了孩子的话，克利福会相信她是在威尼斯有了个情人的缘故。 + + 现在已经是五月了，他们是打算在六月间便要出发的。老是这一类的安排！一个人的生命老是安排定了。轮子转着，转着，把人驱使着，驾双着，人实在是无可奈何的。 + + 已经是五月了，但是天气又寒冷而多雨起来。俗话说的："寒冷多雨再五月，利于五谷和草秣。"五欲和草袜在我们是重要的东西了！康妮得上啊斯魏去走一趟，这是他们的小市镇。那儿，查太莱的姓名依旧是威风赫赫的，她是一个人去的，非尔得驶着她的汽车。 + + 虽然是五月天，而且处处是嫩绿，但是乡间景色是忧郁的。天气是够冷的，雨中杂着烟雾。空气里浮荡着某种倦怠的感觉。一个人不得不在抵抗中生活。无怪乎这些人都是丑恶而粗钝的了。 + + 汽车艰辛地爬着上坡，哟过达娃斯哈的散漫龌龊的村落，一些黑色砖墙的屋子，它们的黑石板的屋顶的尖锐的边缘发着亮光，地上的泥土夹着煤屑，颜色是黑的。人行道是湿而黑的。仿佛一切的一切都给凄凉的情绪所浸透了。丝毫没有自然的美，丝毫没有生之乐趣，甚至一只鸟、一只野兽所有的美的本能都全部消失了，人类的直觉宫能都全部死了。这种情形是令人寒心的。杂货店的一堆一堆的肥皂，蔬菜店的大黄莱和柠檬，时装钥的丑怪帽子，一幕一幕地在丑恶中过去，跟着是俗不可奈的电影戏院，广告画上标着："妇人之爱！"和原始派监理会的新的大教堂，它的光滑的砖墙和窗上的带青带红的大快玻璃实在是够原始的。再过去，是维斯莱源的小教堂，墙砖是黝黑的，直立在铁栏和一些黑色的小树后边，自由派的小教堂，自以为高人一等，是用乡村风味的沙石筑成的，而且有个钟楼，但并不是个很高的钟楼。就在那后边，有个新建的校舍，是用高价的红砖筑成的，前面有个沙地的运动场，用铁栅环绕着，整个看起来是很堂皇的，又象教堂又象监狱。女孩子们在上着唱歌课，刚刚练习完了"拉一米一多一拉"，正开始唱着一首儿单的短歌。世上再也没有比这个更不象歌唱一自然的歌唱一的东西了：这只是一阵奇异的呼号，带了点腔调的模样罢了。那还赶不上野蛮人；野蛮人还有微妙的节奏。那还赶不上野兽；野兽呼号起来的时候还是有意义的。世上没有象这样可怖的东西，而这种东西却叫做唱歌！当非尔德去添汽油的时候，康妮坐在车里觉得肉麻地听着。这样一种人民，直觉的官能已经死尽，只剩下怪异的机械的呼号和乖房的气力，这种人民会有什么将来呢？ + + 在雨中，一辆煤车在轰轰地下着山坡，非尔德添好了油，把车向山坡上开行，经过了那些大的但是凄凉的裁缝店、布匹店和邮政局，来到了寂寞的市场上，那儿，杉·布勒克正在他的所谓"太阳旅店"的酒肆里。伺望着外边的行人，并且向查泰莱男爵夫人的汽车行了个鞠躬。 + + 大教堂是在左边的黑树丛中，汽车现在下坡了，经过"矿工之家"咖啡店。汽车已经经过了"威录敦"、"纳尔逊"、"三桶"和"太阳"这些咖啡酒肆，现在打"矿工之家"门前经过了，然后再经过了"机师堂"，又经过了新开的够华丽的"矿工之乐"，最后经过了几个新的所谓"别墅"而到了上史德门去的黝黑的路，两旁是灰暗的篱笆和暗青色的草原。 + + 达娃斯哈！那便是达娃斯哈！快乐的英格兰！莎士比亚的英格兰！晤！不！那是今日的英格兰。自从康妮在那儿居住以后，她明白了。这英格半正生产着一种新的人类，迷醉于金钱及社会政治生活，而自然的直觉的宫能却是死灭了的新人类。这是些半死的尸体，但是，活着的一半却奇异地、固执地生活着。这一切都是怪涎的，乖庚的。这是个地下的世界，不可以臆测的世界，我们怎样能够明白这些行尸的反应呢？康妮看见一些大的运货车，里面装满着雪菲尔德钢铁厂的工人，一些具有人类模样的、歪曲的、妖怪样的小东西，正向着蔑洛克去作野外旅行，她的心不禁酸楚起来。她想：唉，上帝呵，人类把自己弄成怎么样了？人类的领导者们，把他们同胞开弄成怎么样了？他们把他们的人性都消灭了，现在世上再也不能有友爱了！那只是一场恶梦！ + + 她在-种恐怖的波浪中，重新觉得这一切都是灰色的、令人寒心的失望。这些生物便是工人群众；而上层阶级的内容怎样也是她所深知的，那是没有希望的了，再也没有什么希望的了。可是，她却希望着一个孩子，一个继承人！一个勒格贝的继承人！她不禁惊悸起来。 + + 而梅乐士却是从这一切中出来的！是的，但是他与这一切却远隔着，如她自己与这一切远隔着一样。不过，甚至在他那里也没有什么友爱了。友爱死了，那儿只有孤寂与失望。这便是英格兰，英格兰的大部分。康妮很知道，因为她今天是从这样的英格兰的大部分的中心经过的。 + + 汽车正向着史德门上去。雨渐渐停止了，空气中浮着一种奇异的、透明的五月之光。乡景一幕一幕地卷了过去，往南是毕克，往东是门司非德和诺汀汉。康妮正向着南方走去。 + + 当汽车驶到了高原上面时，她看向见左手边，在一个高临乡野的高地上，那深灰色的，暗淡而雄壮的华梭勃宫堡，下面是些带红色的半新的工人住宅。再下面，便是煤场的大工厂，还正在曰着一缕缕的灰暗的烟和自蒸气，这工厂每年是要把几千几万金镑放在公爵和其他股东的腰包里的。这雄壮的老宫堡；败了，然而它还是高耸天际，俯视着下面湿空气中的黑烟和白雾。 + + 转了个弯，他们在高原上向着史德门前进。从这路上看起来，史德门只是个庞大的壮丽的新饭店。离路不远的地方，金碧辉煌的柯宁斯贝饭店，在一种荒寂的情况中耸立着。但是，细看起来，你便看得见左手边一排排精致的"摩登"住宅，安排得象滑牌戏似的，一家家用花园互相隔离着，这是几个妖怪的"主子们"在这块糠人的土地上所玩的一种奇异的骨牌戏。在这个住宅区过去，耸立着一些真正近代矿场的骇人的凌空建筑，一些化学工厂巨大的长廓，它们的形式是前此人类所梦想不到的。在这种庞大的新设备中间，连矿场矿坑本身都不算什么了。在这大建筑的前面，那骨牌戏都是惊奇地摆在那儿，等待着主干们去玩它。 + + 这便是战后新兴的史德门。但是事实上，尽管康妮并不认识它，老史德门是在那"饭店"下边半英里路之遥，那是一个老的小矿场，一些黑砖筑的老住宅，一两个小教堂，一两间商店和一两间小酒店。 + + 但是这一切都算不得什么了。新工厂里冒着浓烟和蒸汽的地方才是现在的史德门。那儿没有教堂，没有小酒店、甚至没有商店，只有些大工厂。这是现代的奥式皮亚神国里面有着一切的神的殿堂；此外便些模范住宅和饭店，所谓饭店、虽然看起来怪讲究的，其实只是个故工们的酒店罢了。 + + 这块新地方，其至是从康妮到勒格贝以后才建筑起来的。那些模范住宅里，住满着从四方八面来的一些流氓，这些人所干的勾当之一，便是去偷捕克利福的兔子。 + + 汽车在高原上走着，她望着整个的州府，一起一伏地开过去。这个州府往昔是个骄傲的、威风赫赫的州府呢！在州府前，那直立天际，象是海市蜃楼的房屋，便是查维克大厦。它的窗户占了墙壁的大部分，这是伊丽莎白时代的一个最出名的宫堡。它孤独地、高贵地站在一个大花园的上头。虽然是古旧了。过时了。但是人们还当作一个荣耀的遗物似地保存着。"瞧瞧我们的祖先是多么的显贵！" + + 那是过去，现在是在那下面。将来呢，只有上帝知道在哪里了。汽车已经转着弯了，两旁是些老而黑的矿工的小村舍，汽车正向着阿斯魏下去。在这阴湿的日子里，阿斯魏正冒着一阵阵的烟和蒸汽，好象为什么天神焚香似的。阿斯魏是在那山谷的下面，到雪非尔德的所有的铁道线都打这儿穿过，那些长烟囱里冒着烟和闪光的煤矿场和钢铁厂，那教堂上的螺钻似的凄惨的小钟楼，虽然就要倒塌了，但是依旧还矗立在烟雾中，这样的阿斯魏，常常总使康妮觉得奇怪地感动。这是个山谷中央在古老的村镇。有一个主要的旅舍名叫"查太莱"。阿斯魏人都谯勒格贝是一个地方的总名，而不是一个屋名。 + + 矿工们的勤黑的村舍是平着行人道起的，狭小得象百多年前的矿工住宅一样。这些村舍都是洞着道路起，道路于是成了一条街了。当你走进这街里面的时候，你便要立刻忘记了那开豁的、起伏的原野。这原野上还有着富堡和大厦耸立着，但是和鬼影一般了。现在康妮正到了那光赤的铁道网的上头，那儿四面都起着高大的镀冶金属的工厂和其他的工厂，歙人觉得四周只是些墙壁，铁的声音在嚣响着，庞大的载货车震动着地皮，号笛叫着。 + + 然而当你沿着这条路下去，到了那曲折撤搂的市镇中心时，在那教堂的后面，你便进到了一个两世纪以前的世界上了。"查太莱"旅舍和那老药房，便在这弯曲的街上。这街从前是通到这些富堡和权贵者们的游乐别所在的旷野外去的大道。 + + 在那街角上，一个警察正举着手，让三辆载着铁条的货车过去，使那可怜的者教堂颠震着。直至这些货车过去了，那警察才向查太男爵夫人行礼。 + + 在那市区的弯曲的老街两旁，挤拥着所有旧而黑的矿工住宅。再过去，便是一排排较新而稍大的房屋，起在那山谷的坡上。这是些较现代的矿工的住宅。再远一些，在那宫堡大厦所在的临野上，烟与蒸汽夹杂着，漾荡着，星罗棋布着无数的红砖建筑，有的在低凹处，有的狞恶地在那斜坡上突入天际，这便是矿区。在这矿区的里头，轿式马车和茅舍时代的老英格兰，甚至罗宾汉时代的英格兰还残留着。在那儿，矿工们不做工的时候，他们的受压制的好动的本能无聊起来；便东奔西窜地闲散浪荡着； + + 英格兰哟，我的英格兰！但是哪个是我的英格兰？英格兰的权贵者们的堂皇大厦，照起像来真是好看极了，而且在我们和伊丽莎白时代的人们之间创造了一种幻象的联系。古香古色的古老大厦，现在还存在着，和在慈爱的安妮王后与汤姆·琼斯的时代一样。但是烟灰把褐黄色的粉漆弄黑了，很久以来便再也没有那黄金颜彩了，而且一个一个地，象那些官堡一般，被人遣弃了。现在开始被人拆毁了。至于那育英格兰时代的茅舍呢，现在却变成芒寂的乡野中的一些槛楼的大砖屋了。 + + 现在，人们把宫堡拆毁了，乔治风格的大厦也渐渐完了。那无美不备地乔治风格的大厦佛力治，当康妮的汽车打那门前经过时，也正在被人拆毁着。这大厦还是很完整的。大战以前，维持莱一家人还是阔绰地住在里面的，但是现在，人家觉得这大厦太大了，太花费了，并且四邻都太仇视了，贵族都到了较为愉快的地方去住了，那儿，他们是可以挥霍着金钱而不必知道金钱之来处的。 + + 这便是历史：一个英格兰把其他的一个英格兰消灭了。煤矿业曾使那些大厦致富。现在却把那些大厦消灭了。如同把那些茅舍消灭了一样。工业的英格兰把农业的英格兰消灭了。一种意义把另一种意义消灭了。新英格兰把旧英格兰消灭了。事态的继续并不是有机的，而是机械式的。 + + 属于富裕阶级的康妮，曾攀附着那残余者的英格兰，直至经过了不少的年代，她才明白了，实际上，她的阶级已经给这骇人的恐怖的新英格兰消灭了，而且这种消灭工作将继续着，直至消灭净尽了为止。佛力治莱没有了，伊斯乌德没有了，文达先生所爱的希勃莱也就要没有了。 + + 康妮在希勃莱停了一会。屋后的园门是挨近矿场铁道和大路的交叉点的，希勃莱矿场本身就在那些树丛后边。园门大开着，因为矿工们是有权通过花园的。他们在园里游荡着。 + + 汽车经过了那点缀园景的水池旁边一但矿工们却把他们的报纸抛在这池里一·然后由一条特别的小路来到那大厦门前。这是个十八世纪中期的可爱的粉漆的建筑。那儿有一条美丽的水松树的小径，这小径从前是通到一个老屋去的。大厦的正面安静地开展着，它的乔治风格的玻璃窗户好象一些欢乐的眼睛似地闪烁着。屋后边便是个令人羡慕的花园。 + + 康妮觉得里面的一切都比勒格贝可爱得多，光亮得多，并且更有生气，美丽而雅致。房子的墙壁都嵌着乳黄色的木板，天花板油着金色，每样东西都美妙修洁，一切布置都尽美尽妙，处处都花费过大量金钱的。甚至那些走廓都布置得宽大而可爱，优雅地弯曲着，并且充满着生气。 + + 不过文达是孤独地生活着，他深爱他的住宅。但是他的花园却给他自己的三个煤矿场围绕着。他的想法是很慷慨的。他的花园差不多是欢迎矿工们进来的。难道不是这些矿工们使他有钱的么！所以，当他看见一群群的槛楼的工人到他的水池边闲逛时一自然不能进到他的私人花园里面，这儿是有个界限的,他便要说："矿工们也许不象鹿子那样可以点缀园景，但是他们比鹿子是有利得多了。" + + 但那是维多利亚王后在位的后半期一金钱满地的黄金时代，那时，矿工们都是些"老实的工人"。 + + 文达把这种话向他的贵宾，那时还是威尔士王子，半谢罪地说，那王子用他的带喉音的英语回答说： + + "你说的很对，要是在桑德灵韩富的花园下面藏有煤炭的话，我定要在那青草上开个矿场，并且要认为那是最上等的花园布景。呵，我很情愿用这价钱把化鹿去换矿工，我还听说你的工人都是些好人呢。" + + 那时，这王子也许把金钱之美和工业之福惠说得过火一点吧。 + + 但是这王子后来做了国王，而这国王也已崩逝了。现在是一位另外的国王，他的主要职务似乎是在主持慈善粥研厂的开幕礼。 + + 那些"好工人"，现在却正浸蚀着希勃莱。大花园里，雨后春笋似地起了许多新的布落，"老乡绅"的心里，觉得这种民众是异样了，从前，他是心下宽大的，觉得你是自己的产业和自己的矿工们的主子。现在呢，一种新的精神在微妙地侵浸着，他觉得被排挤了。他的产业好象再也不属于他了，那是不容人误会的。矿业与工业、有着一个自我的意志。这意志是反对贵绅主子的！所有的矿工都是参与这意志的人，要想反抗这个意志是困难的，这意志使你失掉你的地位，或者使你从生命中滚蛋！ + + 曾经讲过军队的"多绅文达"，亏他还站得稳。但是他在晚饭之后，再也不想到花园里去散步了。他差不多总是躲在家里。一天晚上，他光着头，穿着漆皮鞋和紫色的丝袜子，陪着康妮在园门边去，用他的"咳，咳"不离口的上流社会的文雅的口气和她谈着，但是当他经过——群矿工面前时，他们只是望着他，头都不点。康妮觉得这清瘦的、高雅的老先生在退缩着，好象一只笼子里的都丽的羚羊给庸俗的眼睛凝视着时退缩着一般。矿工们，在私人方面对他是没有恶意的，一点也没有。但是他们的精神是无情地．反抗他的。他们的心底里深深地怨恨地。在丑恶中生活着的他们，对于他的都丽的，斯文的，高雅的生活里含恨的。"他是谁呵！"他们所恨的是他与他们间的不同地方。 + + 虽然，在他的英格兰人的心和他的兵士之心的秘密处，他相信他们急恨这种"不同的地方"是有理由的，他觉得他的享受这一切优越的权益有点不对的，但是他是代表一种制度，所以他是不愿被人排挤的。 + + 只有死才能排挤他。在康妮访他不久以后，死神突然地把他攫去了。在他的遗嘱中，他并没有忘记给克利福很大的好处。 + + 继承他的财产的人，马上叫人把希勃莱拆毁了。因为保存这大厦太花钱了。谁也不愿意住在那里，于是这大厦毁灭了。那美丽的水松树的路线也没了。园中的树木也砍光了。整个产业也分成小块了。这地方是很近阿斯魏的。在这新的"无人之城"的奇异的荒原上，新起着一排排的舒适的屋子；于是便变成了希渤莱新村子！ + + 康妮到那里去的一年以后，一切都完工了，现在那里是希特莱新村了，一座座红砖的屋宇起在那些新避的街道上，没有会梦想到十二个月以前，那里还有过一座壮丽的粉漆大厦。 + + 但是这是爱德华王所私授的花园布景法的新时代，这是一种拿煤矿场来点缀草地的花园布景法。 + + 一个英格兰把另一个英格兰消灭了。乡绅文达和勒格贝大厦的英格兰是完了。死了，不过这种消灭工作还没有做到尽头罢了。 + + 以后将怎样呢！康妮是不能想象的。她只能看见一些新的砖石的街道铺在田野上，新的建筑物在矿场上起着，新的女工穿着她们的丝袜，新的男工到跳舞宫去。后辈人是完全意识不着老英格兰的。在意识之继续中，有个破缺，差不多是美国式的，但其实是工业的破缺。以后将怎样呢？ + + 康妮总觉得那儿并没有以后。她想把她的头藏匿在沙里；或者，至少藏匿在一个活着的男子的怀里。世界是这样的错杂，这样的奇怪，这样的丑恶！普通的人是这样多，而又这样可怕，真的！她回家去时，心里这样想着，望着矿工们缓慢地离开矿坑，又炭又黑，一身歪着，一边肩耸着，一边肩低着，响着他们的沉重的镶铁的长靴。脸色苍白得鬼似的，眼睛闪着光，预项缩着，肩膊失去了重心的模样。这是人，这是人，唉。在某种说法上，他们是些忍耐的好人；在其他的说法上，他们只是鬼。他们的人类所应具有的某种东西被戮杀了。然而，他们却是人，他们却能生孩子，人是可以由他们而生孩子，可怕的，可怕的思索呵：他们是温和的好人。但是他们只是一种半人，灰色的半人，直至现在，他们是"好"的，但这也不过是他们的一半是好的，呵！假如他们死了的部分苏醒过来！晤！去想象这个，真是太可怕了！康妮是深怕工人群众的，她觉得他们是这样的不可思议。他们的生命是绝对没有美的，绝对没有直觉的，老是"在矿坑里"。 + + 这样的人所生的孩子！呵，天哟天！ + + 虽然，梅乐士是这样的一种人生的。也许不十分是。在人情上，四十年是有变迁的，有大大的变迁的。钦与煤把人类的肉体与灵魂深深地吞食了。 + + 虽然，那丑恶休身的人类却生活着！这一切结果要怎样呢？也许煤炭消灭之日，他们也会从这地面上消灭了罢。他们是当媒炭号召他们时，成千成万地从无中而来的，或者他们只是些煤层里的怪异的动物罢，他们是另一世界的生物，他们是煤的一种元素，好像铁工是铁的一种无素的一样。这是些非人的人。他们是煤、铁与陶土的灵魂。炭素、铁索、砂素等元素的动物。边些小元素，他们也许有点奇异的非人的矿物的美；跟煤的光泽，铁的重量也蓝色与抗力，玻璃的透明一样的美。矿物世界的妖怪的、伛偻的、无素的生物！他们属于煤、铁与阔土，正如鱼之属于水、虫之属于腐木一样。他们是矿物的分解物的灵魂！ + + 康妮惧怕这煤和铁的米德兰，这种惧怕使她周身觉得一种怪异的感觉如同受了流行感冒一样，她觉得高兴地离开了这一切而回到家里，把头埋在沙里，她甚至觉得高兴地去和克利福聊天。 + + "当然啦，我不得不在彭莱小姐的店里喝杯茶。"她说。 + + "真的么！但是文达家里会请你喝茶的。" + + "呵。是的，不过我不便推却彭莱小姐的情。" + + 彭莱小姐是个脸色带黄的老处女，有个大鼻子和浪漫的气质，她侍候人喝茶时候的殷勤热烈，是好象在做圣典一样的。 + + "她问起我没有？"克利福说。 + + "当然啦！请问夫人，克利福男爵身体好吗？我相信她把你看得比嘉威尔小姐还高呢。" + + "我想你对地说了我身体很好罢？" + + "是的！她听了这话，好象听了我对她说天堂的门为你开了一般的喜悦。我对她说，要是她来达娃斯喻时，她定要到这儿来看看你。" + + "我！为什么？来看看我！" + + "呵，是的，克利福。你不能尿让人家这样崇拜你而不稍稍报答人家。在她的眼里，嘉巴多西亚的圣乔治都绝对赶不上你呢。" + + "你相信她会来吗？" + + "呵。她的脸红了起来，那片刻间，她变得怪美丽的，可怜的东西！为什么男子们不跟真正崇拜他们的女子结婚呢？" + + "女子们的崇拜开始得太迟了。但是她有没有说她会来？" + + "呵！"康妮模仿着彭莱小姐的喘息着的声音说，"夫人哟、我哪儿敢这么造次！" + + "造次！多么可笑！但是我希望她不要真的来了，她的茶怎么样？" + + "呵，立敦茶，浓得很呢！但是，克利福，你知道你是彭莱小姐和许多；一类的老处女的《玫瑰史》么？" + + "纵令这样，我也不引以为荣。" + + "她们把你在画报上所登的像怎样。都好象宝贝般藏了起来，并且她们也许每天晚上都替你祈祷呢，真是棒极了。" + + 她回到楼上去换衣裳。 + + 那天晚上，他对她说。 + + "你是不是觉得在结婚生活之中，有些什么永存的东西？" + + 她望着他。 + + "不过，克利福，你把永存看得象个帽子似的，或者看得象个长长的链索似的，施曳一个人后边，无论人走到多么远都得曳着。" + + 她烦恼地望着她。 + + "我的意思是，"他说，"假如你到威尼斯去，你不要抱着一种希望，希望有个什么可以认为大正经的情史罢。" + + "在威尼斯有个可以认为大正经的情史？不，放心罢！不，我在威尼斯决不会有个比小正经更正经的情史的。" + + 她的声调里，带着一种奇特的轻鄙的意味。他皱着眉头望着她。 + + 第二天早晨，当她到楼下去时，她看见守猎人的狗一佛萝茜，正坐在克利福卧室门前的走廓里，轻轻地叫着。 + + "怎么，佛萝茜"她温柔地说，"你在这儿干吗？" + + 她静静地把克利福的门打开了，克利福正坐在床上，他的打字机推在一边。守猎人站在床边等着，佛萝茜跑了进来，梅乐士的头部和眼睛做了个轻轻的姿势叫它到门外夫，它才溜了出来。 + + "呀，早安，克利福！"康妮说，"我不知道你们有事呢。" + + 然后她望着守猎人，向他道了早安。他摸棱地望着她，低声地回答着。但是仅仅他的现在，已使她觉得一种热情之浪荡到她身上来了。 + + "我打扰了你们吗，克利福？真对不起。" + + "不，那是毫无紧要的事。" + + 她重新走出门来，到第一层楼上的蓝色梳妆室里去，她坐在窗前，望着他那种奇异的、静默的形态向那大路下去。他有着一种自然缄默的高贵，一种冷淡的骄傲，和某种弱不禁风的神气。一个雇工！一个克利福的雇工！亲爱的布鲁图斯哟，不要埋怨我们的昨辰不烘照，如果我们共一等，那是我们自己的过错呵。" + + 他是不是低人一等呢？他是不是？他那一方面又觉得他怎样呢？那是太阳光耀的一天，康妮在花园里工作着，波太太帮着她。为了一种什么缘故，这两个女人，给人类间存在着一种不可解的同情之潮所溶合了，她们把麝香石竹系在栓子上，她们种着一些夏季的小植物，这种工作她们俩都喜欢的。康妮尤其觉得把小植物的嫩根播入轻松的黑土里，再把它们轻轻埋好，是一种快乐的事，在这春日的早晨，她觉得子宫的深处在颤动着。仿佛阳光照了它，而使它快活起来似的。"你丈夫过世好多年了罢？"她一边对波太太说，一边拿起了一根小植物放在泥穴里。 + + "二十三年了！"波太太一边说，一边小心地把楼斗菜一一分开。"自从他们把他带回家里到现在。有二十三年了。" + + "康妮听了这"带回家里"的可怖的结局，心里不禁吓了一跳。 + + "你以为她是为什么遭难的？"她问道。"他生前和你快乐么？" + + 这是妇人与妇人间的一个问题，波太太用她的手背，把垂在脸上的一撮头发拂了开去。 + + "我不晓得，夫人！他是一种不屈不挠的人；并且不愿与他人同道的，那是一种致命的固执性：宁死而不愿低头，你知道，他对什么都是漠然，我认为那是矿坑的罪过。他原就不应该到矿坑里做工的。但是他还小的时候，他的父亲便强迫他到矿坑里做工。这一来，当你过了二十岁时，那是不太容易改行的了。" + + "他曾说过他讨厌到矿坑里做工么？" + + "呵。不！从来没有说过！他是从来不说他厌恶什么的" + + 他只露着难看的面色罢了。他是那些粗心大意的人之一；好象大战开始的时候，那些第一批狂欢赴战，立刻阵亡的青年们一样他的头脑不是不清醒。就是什么都漠然。我常对他说：您下对什么漠然。谁也不管！但这不是真的！呵。当我生第一胎孩子时，他那一动不动的静默着的神气。和孩子生过后，他望着我的那种凄惨的眼睛！那时我受了不小的苦痛。但是我得去安慰他。我对他说：不要紧的，亲爱的，不要紧的！他望着我，怪的道笑着。他从来不说什么的，但我相信从此以后，他在夜里和我再也没有什么真正乐趣了；他再也不您意任性了。我常对他说：呵。亲爱的。让您自己任性点罢！……我有时是要对他说这种粗的话的。他却不说什么，池总是不愿让他自己任性时儿，也许他不能罢。他不愿我再有孩子了，我常常埋怨他的母亲。她不该让他进产房里来的。他不应到那里去的。男子们的旦熟思起来的时候，是要把一切事情都张大起来着。" + + "那对他有这么大的影响么？"康妮惊愕地说。 + + "是的。那种生产的苦痛。他是不能认为天然的。那把他夫妇之爱中所应得的乐趣都糟塌了。我对他说：要是我自己都不介意，为什么你要介意？那是我的事情呢！……他中回答道："那是不公道的！" + + "也许他是个太易感动的人吧。"康妮说。 + + "对了！当你认识了男子的时候，你便知道他们在不该感动的地方。便太易感动了。我相信，连他自己也不晓得他是痛恨矿坑的，恨得入骨的，他死后的脸容是那么安静。仿佛他是被解救了似的。他生前是很漂亮的一个青年！当我看见他那么安泰。那么纯洁的样子，仿佛是他自己愿意死似的。我的心都碎了。唉！真的，那使我的心都碎了。但是那是矿坑的罪过。" + + 说着，她流了几滴伤心泪。康妮却哭得比她更厉害。那天是个温暖的春日。空中浮荡着与黄花的香馨，许多东西在萌牙，阳光的精华充满着肃静的园里。 + + "你一定难过极了！"康妮说。 + + "阿夫人！起初我还不太明白呢，我只能反复地哭着说：我的人哟，为什么你要离开我！……我再也找不着其他的话说。但是我总觉得他会回来的。" + + "但是那并不是他要离开你呢。"康妮说。 + + "是的，夫人！那不过是我哭着时说的傻话，我继续地希望着他会回来的。尤其是在夜里，我眼不交睫地想着，为什么他不在这床上？……仿佛我的感觉不容我相信他是死了似的。我只觉得他是定要回来的。回来抱紧着我躺着，使我可以觉得他是和我在一起，我唯一所希望的，便是感觉着他温暖暖地和我在一起。唉！不知道经过了多少次的念头，经过了多少年。我才明白他不会回来了！" + + "和他的肉体的接触不会回来了。"康妮说。 + + "对啦。夫人！和他的肉体的接触！直至今日。我还忘不了，而且永久也忘不了的。假如上面有天的话，他将在那儿。他将抱紧着我躺着，使我能入睡。" + + 康妮惊惧地向她的深思的标致的脸孔瞥了一眼。又是一个达娃斯哈出来的热情的人！和他的肉体的接触；"因为爱之束缚。不易解开！" + + "你一旦深爱了一个男子时，那是可怕的！"她说。 + + "唉！夫人、那便是使人觉得这么苦痛的原因，你觉得人们都是希望他死的。你觉得矿坑是存心害死他的。唉。我觉得假如世上没有矿坑。并且没有经营煤矿的人的话，他是决不会离开我的。但是他们全都是想拆散一对相投的男女。" + + "肉体地相投的男友。"康妮说。 + + "对了，夫人！这世上铁石心肠的人太多了，每天早晨，当他起来去矿坑里做工时，我总觉得那是不祥的，不祥的，但是他除了到矿坑里做工以外还能怎样呢？一个穷人能怎样呢？" + + 一种奇异的疾恨燃烧着这个妇人。 + + "难道一种接触关系能够延续到这么久么？"康妮突然地问道，"那使你这么久还能够感觉着他么？" + + "呵，夫人，除此以外还有什么能持久的呢？孩子们长大了便要离开你。但是男子，呵！……但是连这点接触的记忆，他们都想把你夺杀了。甚至你自己的孩子！不过，谁知道！我们也许是要分离的。但是感情是不同的东西哟，也许最好是永远不要爱上谁。不过，当我看见那些从来不曾真正地受男子彻底地温暖过的女人，我便觉得她们总是些可怜虫。不怕她们穿得多漂亮。风头出得多有劲，不，我的主意是不会变的。我对于人世是没有什么尊敬的。" + + + + 第十二章 + + 午饭过后，康妮马上便到林中去，那真是可爱的一天。蒲公英开着太阳似的花，新出的雏菊花是棕的自，擦树的茂林，半开的叶子中杂着尘灰颜色的垂直花絮，好象是一幅花边。大开着的黄燕蔬。满地簇拥。象黄金似的在闪耀。这种黄边。是初夏的有力的黄色。莲馨花灰灰地盛开着。花姿招展的莲馨花。再也不畏缩了。绿油油的玉簪。象是个苍海。向上举着一串串的蓓蕾。跑马路上，毋忘我草乱蓬蓬地繁生着。楼斗莱乍开着它们的紫蓝色的花苞。在那矮丛林的下面。还有些蓝色的鸟蛋壳。处处都是蕾芽。处处都是生命的突跃！ + + 守猎人并不在那小屋里。那儿，一切都是在静穆中。棕色的少鸡在肆意地奔窜着。康妮继续向着村舍走去。因为她要去会他。 + + 村舍浸在太阳光里。在树林的边缘外。小园里。重苔的野水仙丛簇地生长着。靠近大开着的门前。沿着小径的两旁。都是些重苔的红雏菊。一只狗吠着。佛萝茜走上前来。 + + 门大开着！那么他是在家里了。阳光铺泻在红砖的阶台上！当她经过小园里时。她从窗里看见了他。穿着衬衣。正坐在桌边吃着东西。狗儿轻轻地叫着。缓缓地摇着尾巴。 + + 他站了起来，来到门边，用一条红手巾揩着嘴，嘴里不住地咀嚼着。 + + "我可以进来吗？"她说。 + + "进来！" + + 简朴的房子里。阳光照了进去，房子里还带着羊排煎过后的味道。煎煮东西用的炉子还在防火架上。旁边，那白色的地上。有盛着马铃薯的黑锅子。放在一张纸上。火是红的。但是不太起劲；通风的炉门关着。开水壶在响。 + + 桌子上摆着碟子，里面是些马铃薯和剩下的羊排。还有一个盛着面包的篓子和一只盛着啤酒的蓝杯子，桌上铺着一张白色的漆布。他站在阴影处。 + + "你的午餐吃得晚呢。"她说"请继续吃罢！" + + 她在门边的阳光里，坐在一把木椅上。 + + "我得到了斯魏去。"他一边说着，一边坐了下来。"但他并不吃。 + + "请吃罢。"她说。 + + 但他还是不吃。 + + "你要吃点什么东西吗？"他用着土话问她。"你要喝杯茶么？开水壶里有开着的水。"他欠身起来。 + + "假如你让我自己来弄如何。"她说着站了起来，他仿佛忧闷的样子，她觉得她正使他烦恼不安。 + + "小心些，茶壶在那边。"一他指着一个壁角的褐色的小橱子。"茶杯和茶，是在你头脾炉架上。" + + 她从炉架上取下了那黑茶壶和一盒茶叶。她用热水把茶过来洗灌了，呆了一会，不知把水倒在哪里好。 + + "倒在外边。"他看见了她的迟疑的样子说，"那是净水。" + + 她走到门边，把水倒在小径上，多可爱的地方。这么清静。这么真的森林世界！橡树发着赭黄色的小叶儿；花园里，戏雏菊象是些红毛绒上的钮结似的。她望着门槛上那块带洞的大石板。现在这门槛上跨过的脚步是这么少了。 + + "这儿真是个可爱的地方。"她说："这么美妙地静寂。一切都静寂而富有生命！" + + 他慢慢地、有点不太愿意地重新用他的午餐，她能感觉到他是很扫兴的，她默默地沏了茶，把茶壶放在炉灶上，她知道普通人是这么做的，他推开碟子。走到屋后边去，她听见了开门的声响，一会儿他拿了一盘干酷和牛油回来。 + + 她把两个茶杯放在桌上；这是仅有的两个茶杯。 + + "你喝杯茶吗？"她说。 + + "假如你愿意的话，糖在柜子里，牛奶过来也在那儿。牛奶在伙食间里。" + + "我把你的碟子收了好吗？"她问道。他向她望着。微微地冷笑起来。 + + "晤……假如你愿意的话。"他一边说，一边慢慢地吃着面包和干酷她到后边洗涤碗碟的侧屋里。水龙头是安在那儿的，左边有个门。无疑地这是伙食间的门了。她把这个门打开了。看见了这个所谓伙食间，忍不住笑了：这只是一个狭长的粉白着的壁橱。但是这里面还布置得下一桶啤酒和几食物。她从一个黄罐里取了点牛奶。 + + "你的牛奶怎么得来的？"当她回到桌边时，她问他道。 + + "弗林家里的。他们把瓶子放在畜牧场边。你知道的，就是那天我遇着你的那个地方。" + + 但是他是很扫兴的样子。 + + 她斟了茶。然后举着牛奶过来。 + + "不要牛奶。"她说，他好象听见什么声响，向门外疾望着。 + + "我想把门关了的好。"他说。 + + "那未免可惜了。"她答道。"没有人会来吧，是不是？" + + "那是千载一时的。不过谁知道呢。" + + "纵玲有人来了也不打紧。"她说。"我不过来喝一杯茶罢了。调羹在哪儿？" + + 他弯身把桌子的舞屉打开了。康妮坐在桌边。大门里讲来的阳光晒着她。 + + "佛萝茜！"他向那睡在楼梯下一块小席上的狗说，"去守望去，去守望去！" + + 他举着手指，狗儿奔了出去观察。 + + "你今天不快活吗？"她问道。 + + 他的蓝色的眼睛迅速地转了过来凝视着她。 + + "不快活？不，只有点儿烦恼罢了！我得去发两张传票，去传我所捉得的两个偷猎的人。咳，我是讨厌这类事情的。" + + 他说的是冷静、正确的英语，他的声音里含着怒气。 + + "你讨厌当守猎人吗？"她说。 + + "当守猎人？不！只要人们让我安安静静的。但是到了要我上敬礼察署和其他的地方，等着那些混蛋来理我的时候……呵，咳，我便要发疯了……"他着带点幽默味道微笑着。 + + "难道你不能真正在自立么？"她问道。 + + "我？我想我能够的，我有我的恤金使我生活。我能够的！但是我得是点工作，否则我便要闷死。那是说，我需要点什么事情使我不空闲着。而我的坏脾气是不容我为自己工作的。所以便不得不替他人做事了。不然的话，我的坏脾气来了，不出一月，便要把一切踢翻，所以算起来，我在这儿是很好的，尤其是近来……" + + 他又向她幽默地起来。 + + "但是为什么你有这种脾气呢？"她问道，"难道你常常"都是坏脾气的么？" + + "差不多是常常。"他笑着说，"我有满腔的忿懑。" + + "什么忿懑？"她说。 + + "忿懑！"他说"你不知道那是什么吗？" + + 她失望地静默着。他并不注意她。 + + "下个月我要暂时离开这儿了。"她说。 + + "是么？到那儿去？" + + "威尼斯。" + + "威尼斯？和克利福男爵去么？去多久？" + + "一个月上下。"她答道，"克利福他不去。 + + "他留在这儿么？"他问道。 + + "是的，他是不喜欢在他这种情境中旅行的。" + + "暖，可怜的家伙！"他带着同情心说。 + + 停了一会。 + + "我走了你不会把我忘记罢，会不会？"她问道，他又向她凝视起来。 + + "忘记？"他说，"你知道没有人会忘记的。那不是个记忆的问题。" + + 她想问："那么是个什么问题呢？"但是她忍住了。她只用一种沉哑的声音说："我告诉了克利福，也许我有个孩子了。" + + 现在他带着强烈的好奇心，真正地望着她。 + + "真的么？"他终于说："他说了什么？" + + "呵，他是无所谓的，只在孩子似乎是他的，他倒要喜欢呢。" + + 她不敢看她。他静默了好一会，然后再凝望着她。 + + "没有提到我，当然吧？"他说。 + + "没有，没有提到你。"她说。 + + "不，他是决难容忍我做他的代理人的。……那么他将怎样设想这孩子的来源呢？" + + "我可以在威尼斯有个情人呀。" + + "不错。"他缓缓在回答道，"这便是你到威尼斯去的缘故了。" + + "但并不是真为了找情人去。"她望着他，辩护着说。 + + "只是做个样子罢了。"他说。 + + 两个人重新静默着。他望着窗外，半悲伤、半讥嘲地苦笑，她是恨他这种笑的。 + + "难道你没有预先设法避免孩子么？"他突然说，"因为我没有那工具。" + + "没有。"她说，"我恨那样。" + + 他望着她，然后又带着那特殊的诡谲的苦笑，望着窗外。两个人紧张地静默着，最后，他回转头来，讥讽地向她说： + + "那么，那便是你要我的缘故，为了要有个孩子的缘故吧？" + + 她低着头。 + + "不，事实上不是这样？"她说。 + + "为什么事实上？"他用着有点激烈的声音问道。 + + 她埋怨地望着她，说；"我不知道。"他大笑起来。 + + "你不知道，那么我知道么！"他说。 + + 两人静默了好久，冷森森地静默着。 + + "唔。"他最后说，"随夫人的便，如果你有了个孩子，我是喜欢送给克利福男爵的。我并不吃什么亏。我倒得了个很快意的经验，的确快意的经验："……他伸着腰，半打着呵欠，"如果你把我利用了，那并不是我一次给人利用，而且这一次是最快意地给人利用了，虽然这对于我是不十分荣誉的事。"……他重新奇异地伸着懒腰，他的筋肉颤战着，牙关紧闭着。"但是我并没有利用你。"他辩护着说。 + + "我是听夫人作用的。"他答道。 + + "不。"她说，"我喜欢你的肉体。" + + "真的么？"他答道，笑着，"好，那么我们是两厢情愿，因为我也喜欢你的。" + + 他的奇异的阴暗的两眼望着她。 + + "现在我们到楼上去好不好？他用着一种窒息的声音问她。 + + "不，不要在这儿，不要现在！"她沉重地说。虽然，假如他稍为紧持的话，她定要屈服了，因为她是没有力量反抗他的。 + + 他又把脸翻了转去，好象把她忘了。 + + "我想触摸你，同你触摸我一样。"她说，"我从来没有真正地触摸过你的身体。" + + 他望着她，重新微笑起来。现在？"他说。 + + "不！不！不要在这儿！到小屋里去，你不介意罢？" + + "你怎么触摸我？"他问道。 + + "当你抚摩我的时候。" + + 他的眼睛和她的沉重不安的眼睛遇着。 + + "你喜欢我抚摩你么？"他老是笑着。 + + "是的，你呢？" + + "呵，我！"然后他换了声调说："我也喜欢，那不用我告诉你的。"这是实在的。 + + 她站了起来，拿起了帽子。"我得走了。"她说。 + + "你要走了么？"他文雅地说。 + + 她满望着他来触摸她，对她说些话，但是他什么也不说，只是斯文地等待着。 + + "谢谢你的茶。"她说。 + + "我还没有谢谢夫人赏光呢。"他说。 + + 她向着小径走了出去，他站在门口，微微地苦笑着。佛萝茜举着尾巴走了前来，康妮沉默地向林中蹒跚走去，心里知道他正站在那儿望着她，脸上露着那不可思议的苦笑。 + + 她狠扫兴地、烦恼地回到家里，她一点也不喜欢他说他是被人利用了。在某种意义上，这是真的，但是他不应该说了出来。因此她重新地给两种感情占据着：其一是怨恨他，其一是欲望着与他和好起来。 + + 她十分不安地、恼怒地用完了茶点后，立刻回到楼上房里去了，但是她在房子里不知所措，坐立不安。她得做点什么事。她得再到小屋里去。假如他不在那儿的话，那便算了。 + + 她从旁门溜了出去，有时闷郁地直向目的地走去，当她来到林中那空旷地时，她觉得可怖地不安起来，但是他却在那儿，穿着衬衣，蹲在鸡笼前，把笼门打开了，让母鸡出来。在他周围的那些小雏鸡，现在都长得有点笨拙了，但比之普通的小鸡却雅致得多。 + + 她直向他走了过去。 + + "你瞧！我来了。"她说。 + + "唉，我看见了！"他一边，一边站了起来，有点嘻笑地望着她。 + + "你现在让母鸡出来了么？"她问道。 + + "是的，它们孵小鸡孵到只剩一张皮、一把骨了，现在，它们全不想出来和取食了，一只孵卵期的母鸡是没有自我的，它整个身心都为了它的卵或小鸡。" + + 可怜的母鸡！多么盲目的爱！甚至所孵的卵并不是它们自已的！康妮怜地望着它们，好懒情他之间，给一种阴郁的静默笼罩着。 + + "我们进小屋里去吧？"他问道。 + + "你要我去么？"她猜疑地问道。 + + "是的，假如你愿意来的话。" + + 她静默着。 + + "那么来吧。"他说。 + + 她和他进到了小屋里，当他把门关上时，里面全黑了，于是他在灯笼里点了个小火，和前次一样。 + + "你把内衣脱了么？"他问道。 + + "脱了！" + + "好，那么我也把我的脱了。" + + 他把毡子铺在地上，把一张放在旁边，是预备盖的。她把帽子除了，把头发松了一松。他坐了下来，脱着鞋和脚绊，解着他那粗棉布裤的扣子。 + + "那么躺下吧！"他说。那时他只穿着一件衬衣站着。她默默在服从着，他也在她旁边躺了下去，拉了毡子把他们盖着。 + + "好了！"他说。 + + 他掀起了她的衣裳，直至胸膛上。他温柔地吻着她的乳房，把两只乳峰含在唇里，轻轻地爱抚着。 + + "呵，您真是可爱，您真是可爱！"他说，突然抬起他的脸，在她温暖的小腹上碾转地摩擦着。 + + 她呢，伸着两臂在他的衬衣里面搂着他，但是她却害怕，害怕他的纤瘦、光滑的、似乎强毅有力的裸体，害怕那坚猛的筋肉，她觉得又畏缩又害怕。 + + 当他幽怨似地说"呵，你真是可爱！"时，她里面的什么东西在抖战起来，而她的精神里面，什么东西却僵结起来准备反抗；反抗这可怕的肉的亲密，反抗他的奇特而迅疾的占有。这一次，她并没有被她自己的销魂的情欲所压倒，她躺着，两手无力地放在他的舞动的身上，无论怎样，她都禁不住她的精神在怪；她觉得他的臂部的冲撞是可笑的，他的阴茎的那种渴望着得到那片刻的排汇的样子是滑稽的。是的，这便是爱，这可笑的两臂的冲撞这可怜的、无意义的、润湿的小阴茎的萎缩。这便是神圣的爱！毕竟，现代人的藐视这种串演是有理由的，因为这是一种串演。有些诗人说得很对，创造人类的上帝，一定有个乖庚的、幽默的官能，他造了一个有理智的人，而同时却迫他做这种可笑的姿势，而且使他盲目地追求这可笑的串演。甚至一个莫泊桑都觉得爱是屈辱的没落。世人轻蔑床第间事，却又做它。 + + 冷酷地、讥消地，她的奇异的妇人之心远引着，虽然她一动不动地躺着，但是她的本能却使她挺起腰子，想把那男子挤出去，想从他的丑恶的紧抱中，从他的怪诞的后臂的冲撞中逃了出来。这男子的身体是个愚蠢的、鲁莽的、不完备的东西，它的缺憾的笨拙，是有点令人讨厌的。人类如果是完完备地进化的话，这种串演，这种"官能；是定要被淘汰的。 + + 当他很快地完了时，当他卧在她的身上，很静默的远引着，远引在一种奇异的，静息的境域里，很远地，无室她所不能及的天外时，她开始在心里哭起来，她觉得他象潮水似的退开，退开，留下她在那儿，象一块海岸上的小石。他舞退着，他的心正离开着她，他知道。 + + 一股真正的哀伤袭据着她心，她痛哭起来。他并没有注意，也许甚至不知道。强烈的呜咽愈来愈厉害。摇撼着她，摇撼着他。 + + "暖"他说，"这一次是失败了，你没有来呢" + + 这样看来，他是知道的！她哭得更剧烈了。 + + "但是怎么啦？"他说，"有时是要这样的。" + + "我……我不能爱你。"她哭着说，突然地，她觉得她的心碎了。 + + "您不能？那么，您不用爱就是！世上并没有法律强迫您爱。听其自然好了。" + + 他的手还是她的胸上；但是她却没有搂着他了。 + + 他的话是不太能安慰她的。她高声地鸣咽起来。 + + "不要这样，不要这样！"他说，"甜的要，苦的也要，这一次是有点苦的。" + + 她哀痛地哭道："但是我很想爱你，我却不能"那是可怕的！" + + 他半苦昧、半椰榆地笑了一笑。 + + "那并不可怕。"他说，"纵令您是那么觉得，您有使不可怕的东西成为可怕。不要管您爱不爱我。您绝不能勉强的。一篮核桃之中，好的坏的都得要。" + + 他撒开了他的手，再也不触摸着她了。现在，她再也不被他触摸着了，她顽皮地觉得满足起来。她憎恨他的土话：这些"您"，"您"，"您的"，假如他喜欢的话，他可以站了起来，毫不客气地直站在她面前，去如他那燕京饭店唐的粗棉布的裤子，毕竟蔑克里斯还知羞地背过脸去。这个人却是这样的自信，他甚至不人们会觉得他是鲁莽无教养的。 + + 虽然，当他默默地舞了出来预备起身时，她恐怖地紧抱着他。 + + "不！不要走！不要离开我！不要和我斗气！抱着我罢！紧紧地抱着我罢！"她盲目地，疯狂地，哺哺地说，也不知道自己说着什么，她用一种奇异的力量紧抱着他。她要从她自己的内在的暴怒中和反抗中逃了出来，这占据着她的内在的反抗力，是多么强呵！ + + 他重新把她抱在他的两臂中，紧压着她。突然地，她在他的两臂中变成娇小了，这样地娇小而贴服了。完了，反抗力没有了，她开始在一种神妙的和平里溶解了。当她神妙地在他的两臂中溶解成娇小玲珑地时候，他对她的情欲也无限地膨胀了。他所有的血管里都好象为了这臂里的她，为了她的娇媚，为了她的勾人心魂的美，沸腾着一种剧烈的，却又温柔的情欲。他的弃着纯粹的温柔的情欲的手，奇妙地，令人晕眩地爱抚爱她，温柔地，他抚摩着边腰间的软油的曲线，往下去，再往下去，在她柔软而温暖的两股中间，移近着，再移近着，直到她身上最生罢的地方。她觉得他象是一团欲火，但是温柔的欲燕且她觉得自己是溶化在这火焰中了。她不能自禁了。她觉着他的阴茎带着一种静默的、令人惊奇的力量与果断，向他坚举着，她不能自禁地去就他。她颤战着降服了。她的一切都为他开展了。呵！假如他此刻不为她温存，那是多么残酷的事，因为她是整个地为他开展着，整在地在祈求他的怜爱！ + + 那种强猛的，不容分说地向她的进入，是这样的奇异这样的可怕，使她重新颤战起来，也许他的来势要象利刃似的，一刀刺进她温柔地开展着的肉里，那时她便要死了。她在一种骤然的、恐怖的忧苦中，紧紧地抱着她。但是，他的来势只是一种缓缓的、和平的进入，幽暗的、和平的进入，一种有力的、原始的、温情的进入，这种温情是和那创造世界时候的温情一样的，于是恐怖的情绪在她的心里消退了。她的心安泰着，她毫无畏惧了。她让一切尽情地奔驰，她让她自己整个地尽情奔驰，投奔在那泛滥的波涛里。 + + 她仿佛象个大海，满是些幽暗的波涛，上升着，膨胀着，膨胀成一个巨浪，于是慢慢地，整个的幽暗的她，都在动作起来，她成了一个默默地、蒙昧地、兴波作浪的海洋。在她的里面，在她的底下，慢慢分开，左右荡漾，悠悠地、一波一浪荡到远处去。不住地，在她的最生动的地方，那海底分开，在若荡漾，中央便是探海者在温柔的深探着，愈探愈深，愈来愈触着她的底下；她愈深愈远地暴露着，她的波涛越荡越汹涌地荡到什么岸边去，使她暴露着。无名者的深探，愈入愈近，她自己的波涛越荡越远地离开她，抛弃她，直至突然地，在一种温柔的、颤战的痉挛中，她的整个生命的最美妙处被触着了，她自己知道被触着了，一切都完成了，她已经没有了，她已经没有了，好也不存在了，她出世了：一个妇人。 + + 唉！太美了，太可爱了！在那波涛退落之中；她体会这一切的美而可爱了。现在她整个的身体，在深情地紧依着那不知名的男子，在盲目地依恋着那萎缩着的阴茎，它，经过了全力的、狂暴的冲刺后，现在柔软地、娇弱地、不自知地退缩着。当它，这神秘的锐敏的东西从她的肉里退了出来时，她不自学地叫了一声，一声迷失的呼喊，她试着把它放了回去。刚才是这样的佳妙！这样的使她欢快！ + + 现在她才知道了那阴茎的小巧，和花蕊似的静躺，柔嫩，她不禁又惊奇地尖锐地叫了一声，她的妇人的心，这权威者的；柔嫩而惊奇地叫着。 + + "可爱极了！"她呻吟着说，"好极了！" + + 但是他却不说什么，静息地躺在她身上，只是温柔地吻着她。她幸福地呻吟着，好象一个牺牲者，好象一个新生的东西。 + + 现在，她的心里开始对他奇怪地惊异起来了。一个男子！这奇异的男性的权威压在她身上！她的手还有点害怕地在他身上轻抚着，害怕他那曾经使她觉得有点厌恶的、格格不入的奇民蝗东西；一个男子。现在，她触摸着他，这是上帝的儿子们和人类的女儿们在一起的时候了，他多么美，他的皮肤多么纯洁！多么可爱，多么可爱，这样的强壮，却又纯洁而嫩弱！多么安静，这敏锐的身体！这权威者，这嫩弱的肉，多么绝对地安静！多美！多美！她的两手，在他的背上畏怯地向下爱抚着，直到那温软的臀上。美妙！真是美妙！一种新知觉的骤然的小火焰，打她的身里穿过，怎么这同样的美，她以前竟只觉得厌恶？摸触着这温暖生动的臀部的美妙，是不能言嗡的！这生命中的生命，这纯洁的美，是温暖而又有力的。还有他那两腿间的睾丸的奇异的重量！多么神秘！多么奇异的神秘的重量，软软的，沉重的，可以拿来放在手上。这是根蒂，一切可爱的东西的根蒂，一切完备的美的原始的根蒂。 + + 她紧依着他，神奇地惊叹起来，这种惊叹差不多可说是警畏恐怖的惊叹。他紧紧地抱着她，但是不说什么，他决不会说什么的。她假近着他，更加假近着他，为的是要亲近他那感官的奇异在他的绝对的、不可思议的安静中，她又觉得他那东西，那另一个权威者，重新慢慢地颤举起来，她的心在一种敬畏的情绪中溶化了。 + + 这一次，他的进入她的身内，是十分温柔的，美艳的，纯粹的地温柔，纯粹地美艳，直至意识所不能捉摸。整个的她在颤战着。象生命之原液似的，无知而又生动，她不知道那是怎样的，她不复记忆那是怎样过去的，她只知道世上再也没有这样可爱的事情了。就只这一点儿，然后，她完全地静默着，完全地失掉意识，她也不知道经过了多久的时间，他和她一样地静默着。和她一样地深陷在无底的沉寂中，关于这一切，他们是永不会开口的。 + + 当她的意识开始醒转的时候。她紧依在他的胸前，哺哺地说："我的爱！我的爱！"而他则沉默地紧抱着她，她蜷伏在他的至善至美的胸膛上。 + + 但是他依旧是在那无底的静默中，他奇异地，安静地，把她象花似的抱着。 + + "你在那儿？"她低声说，"你在那儿？说话罢！对我说说话吧！" + + 他温柔地吻着她，喃喃地说："是的，我的小人儿！" + + 但是她不知道他说的是什么意思，她不知道他在那儿，他的那种沉默，使她觉得似乎是失落了。 + + "你爱我，是不是？"她喃喃地说。 + + "是的，您知道！"他说。 + + "但是告诉我你爱我吧！"她恳求道。 + + "是的！是的！您不觉得么？"他模糊地但是温柔地、确信地说。她愈紧地、愈紧地依着他。他在爱恋之中比她安泰得多了，她却需要他再使她确信。 + + "你真的爱我吧！"她固执地细声说。他的两手温柔地爱抚着她，好象爱抚着一朵花似的，没有情欲的颤战，但是很微妙，很亲切的。她呢，却依旧好象恐怕爱情要消遁似的。 + + "告诉我，你爱我吧"她恳求说。 + + "是的！"他心不在焉地说。她觉得他的问话，使他远离着她了。 + + "我们得起来了吧？"他最后说。 + + "不！"她说。 + + 但是她觉得他分心了，正在听着外边的动静。 + + "差不多天黑了。"他说。从他的声音里，她听出了世事是不容人的，她吻着他，心里带着一个妇人在放弃她的欢乐时的悲伤。 + + 他站了起来，把灯火转大了，然后，很快地把衣裤重新穿上。他站着，一边束紧着他的裤子。一边用两只乌黑的大眼睛俯望着她。他那带几分红热的脸孔，乱蓬蓬的头发，在那朦胧的灯光下，显得奇异地温暖、安静而美妙，美妙到她永不会告诉他怎样的美，她想去紧依着他，楼抱着他，因为他的美，有着一种温暖的、半睡眠的幽逮，那使她想呼喊起来，把他紧捉着，把他占据着。但是她是绝不会把他占据的，所以她静卧在毡子上，裸露着她温柔地弯曲着的腰股。他呢，他一点也不知道她在想什么，但是他觉得她是美妙的，尤其是他可以进去的那温软的、神奇的东西，是比一切都更美妙的。 + + "我爱您，因为我可以进您的身里去。"他说。 + + "你喜欢我么？"她心跳着说。 + + "我既可以进您的身里去，一切便都行了。我爱您，因为您为我开展着。我爱您。因为我可以这样进您的身里去。 + + 他俯着身上她的柔软的腰窝里吻着，用他的面颊在那儿摩察着，然后用毡子把她盖上了。 + + "你永不丢弃我吧？"她说。 + + "别问这种事。"他说。 + + "但是你相信我爱你吧？"她说。 + + "此刻您在爱我，热爱到您以前所意想不到的程度，但是一旦您细想起来的时候，谁知道要怎样呢！" + + "不，不要说这种话，……你并不真正以为我利用你吧，是不是？" + + "怎么？" + + "为了生孩子……" + + "我们今日，无论谁都可以生无论怎样的孩子。"他一边说，一边坐了下来束紧着他的脚绊。 + + "呀，不！"她叫道，"你不是真的这样想吧？" + + "晤，"他望着她说，"我们刚才所做的，便是最重要的了。" + + 她静卧着，他慢慢地把门打开了。天是暗蓝色的，天脚是晶莹的蓝玉石色，他出去把母鸡关好了，轻轻地对狗儿说着话。她呢，她躺在那儿，惊异着生命与万物之不可思议。 + + 当他回来时，她依旧躺在那儿，娇是象一个流浪的波希米亚妇人，他在她旁边的一张小凳上坐下。 + + "在您没有走以前，哪一天晚上您得到村舍里来，好不好？"他举着眉头望着她说，两手垂在膝间。 + + "好不好？"她模仿着土话打趣说。他微笑着。"是的，好不好？"他重说道。 + + "是的"她模仿着他。 + + "和我同睡一宵。"他说，"您定得来，您哪天来？" + + "我哪天来？"她用着他的土话问道。 + + "不，您学得不象，究竟您哪天来？" + + "也许礼拜天。" + + "礼拜天，好的！" + + 他嘲笑着她说： + + "不，您学得不象。" + + "为什么不象？"她说。 + + 他笑着。她模仿的土话真是有点令人捧腹的。 + + "来罢，您得走了！"他说。 + + "我得走了么。"她说。 + + 她身体向前倾着，他轻抚着她的脸。 + + "您真是个好孔(cunt)，您是这在地上剩下的最好的小孔儿。当您喜欢的时候，当您愿意的时候！" + + "什么是孔"她问道。 + + "怎么，您不知道什么是孔！那是您下面的那个；那是我进您里面时我所得的那个；也是我进您里面时您所得的那个" + + "那么，孔是象交合了？" + + "不。不！交合只是做的事情，禽兽也能交合，但是，孔却是强得多了。那是您自己，明白不，您是异于禽类的，可不是？……甚至当您在交全听时候。孔！嗳，那是使您美丽的东西，小人儿；" + + 他的两只幽星的、温柔的、不用言语形容地温暖地、令人不能忍的美丽的眼睛望着她。她站了起来，在他这两眼间吻着。 + + "是么？"她说，"那么你爱我么？" + + 他吻了吻她，没有回答。 + + "现在您得回去了。"他说。 + + 他的手儿，抚摩着她身上的曲线，稳定而不含欲望，但是又温柔，又熟落。 + + 当她在昏邑里跑着回家去时，世界好象是个梦，园里的树木，好象下碇的舟帆，膨胀着，高涌着。到大厦去的斜坡，也充溢着生命。 + + + + 第十三章 + + 礼拜天，克利福想到林中去走走，那是个可爱的早晨，梨花李花都突然开了，到处都是奇艳的白色。 + + 那是件残酷的事，当这世界正在千红万紫的时候，克利福还得从一把轮椅里，被人扶掖着，转到一个小车里，但是他却忘怀了，甚至仿佛觉得他时刻是有某种可骄的地方了。康妮看见人把他那死了的两腿抢到适当的地方去时，还是觉得心里难过，现在，这种工作是由波太太或非尔德担任了。 + + 她在马路的上头，那山毛榉树凑成的树墙边等着他。他坐在那卟卟响着的小车里前进着，这车子走得象大病人似的缓慢。当他来到康妮那里时，他说： + + "克利福男爵骑在喷唾沫的骏马上！" + + "至少是在彭着鼻息的骏马上！"她笑着说。 + + 他停住，望了望着那褐色的，长而低的老屋。 + + "勒格贝的神色没有变呢！"他说，"实在，为什么要变呢？我是骑在人类的精神的功业上，那是胜于骑在一匹马上的。" + + "不错，从前拍拉图的灵魂上天去进，是乘着两马的战车去的，现在定要坐福德汽车去了。"她说。"也许要坐罗斯一来斯汽车去呢：因为柏拉图是个贵族呵！" + + "真的！再也没有黑马受人鞑和虐待了，柏拉图决没有梦想到我们今日会走得比他的两条黑白骏马更快，决没有梦想到骏马根本就没有了，有的只是机器！" + + "只是机器和汽油！"克利福说。 + + "我希望明年能够把这老屋修整一下，为了这个，我想我得省下一千镑左右，但是工程太贵了！"他又加上一句。 + + "呵，那很好！"康妮说，"只要不再罢工就好了！" + + "他们再罢工又有什么好处呢！那只是把工业，把这硕果仅存的一点点工业送上死路罢了，这班家伙应该有觉悟了！" + + "也许他们满不在乎工业上死路呢，康妮说。 + + "呵，不要说这种妇人的话！纵令工业不能使他们的腰包满溢，但是他们的肚子是要靠它温饱的呵。"他说着，语调里奇异地带了些波太太的鼻音。 + + "但是那天你不是说过你是个保守派无政府主义者吗？"她天真地问道。 + + "你没有懂我的意思么？"他反驳道，"我的意思只是说，一个人在私生活上，喜欢怎样做怎样想，便可以怎样做怎样丰想，只要保全了生命的形式和机构。" + + 康妮静默地走了几步，然后回头说； + + "这仿佛是说，一只蛋喜欢怎样腐败下去，便可以怎样腐败下去，只要保全了蛋壳，但是蛋腐败了是不由得不破裂的。" + + "我不相信人是和蛋一样的。"他说，"甚至这蛋是天使的蛋，也不能拿来和人相提并论，我亲爱的小传道师。" + + 在这样清朗的早晨，他的心情是很愉快的，百灵鸟在园里飞翔嗽卿着，远远地在低凹处的矿场，静悄悄地冒着烟雾。情景差不多同往日，大战前的往日一样，康妮实在不想争论。但是她实在也不想和克利福到林中去。她在他的小车旁走着心里在赌着气。 + + "不，"他说，如果事情处理得宜，以后不会有罢工的事了" + + "为什么不会有了。" + + "因为事情会摆布得差不多罢工成了。" + + "但是工人肯么？"她问道。 + + "我们不问他们肯不肯。为了他们自己的益处，为了救护工业，我们要当他们不留神的时候，把事情摆布好了。" + + "也为了你自己的好处。"她说。 + + "自然啦！为了大家的好处，但是他们的好处却比我的好处多，没有煤矿我也能生活下去，我有其他的生计，他们却不能；没有煤矿他们便要挨饿的。" + + 他们在那浅谷的上头，遥望着煤矿场和矿场后面那些达娃斯哈的黑顶的屋子，好象蛇似沿着山坡起着。那褐色的老教堂的钟声响着：礼拜，礼拜，礼拜！ + + "但是工人们肯让你这样自由摆布么？"她说。 + + "我亲爱的，假如摆布得聪明，他们便不得不让。" + + "难道他们与你之间，不可以有互相的谅解么？" + + "绝对可以的：如果他们认清了工业第一，个人次之。" + + "但是你一定要自己占有这工业么？"她说。 + + "我不，但是我既已占有了，我便得占有它。现在产业所有权的问题已成为一个宗教问题了。这是自从耶稣及圣佛兰西斯以来就这样的。问题并不是：将您所有的一切赐予穷人；而是，利用您所有的一切以发展工业，面子穷人以工作，这是所以便靶靶众生饱暖的唯一方法，把我们所有的一切赐予穷人，那便等于使穷人和我们自己一伙儿饿馁。饥饿的世界是要不得的，甚至人人都穷困了，也不见得怎样有趣，贫穷是丑恶的！" + + "但是贫富不均又怎样？" + + "那是命，为什么木星比海王星大？你不能转变造化的！" + + "但是假如猜忌，嫉妒和愤懑的感情一旦粹发起来……" + + "但谁是君龙之首呢？"她问道。 + + "经营和占有工业的人们。" + + 两人间静默了好一会。 + + "我觉得这些人都是些坏头目。"她说。 + + "那么他们要怎样才算好头目呢？ + + "他们把他们的头目地位不太当一回事。"她说。 + + "他们对他们的地位，比你对你的男爵夫人的地位，更当作一回事呢。"他说。 + + "但是我的地位是人家强给我的。我自己实在不想。"她脱口而出道，他把车停了，望着她： + + "现在是谁想摆脱责任？现在是谁想逃避头目地位一如你所称的责任。" + + "但是我并不想处在什么头目地位呢。"她驳反道。 + + "咳！这是逃避责任。你已有了这种地位：这是命定的。你应该承受下去。矿工们所有的一切起码的好处是谁给的？他们的一切政治自由，他们的教育，他们的卫生环境，他们的书籍，他们的音乐，一切一切，是谁给的？是不是矿工们给矿工们的？不！是英国所有的勒格贝的希勃莱，尽了他们的本分给的，而且他们应该继续地给与。那便是你的责任。" + + 康妮听，脸气得通红。 + + "我很想给点什么东西。"她说，但是人们却不允许我。现在，一切东西都是出卖的，或买来的，你所提起的那种种东西，都是勒格贝的希勃莱用高价出卖给矿工们的，你们是不给一分一毫真正的同情的，此外，我要问问，是谁把人民的天然的生活与人性夺去了，而给与这种种工业的丑恶？是谁？" + + "那么，弥要我怎样呢？他气得脸发青说，"难道请他们到我家里来抢动么？" + + "为什么达娃斯哈弄成这么丑恶，这么肮脏？为什么他们的生活是这么绝望？" + + "达娃斯喻是他们自己春夏秋冬成的，这是他们自由的一种表现。他们为自己做成了这美妙的达娃斯哈。他们过着他们的美妙的生活。我却不能过他们的那种生活。一条虫有一条虫的活法。" + + "但是你使他们为你工作，他们靠你的煤矿生活。" + + "一点也不。每条虫子找它自己的食粮，没有一个工人是被迫为我做工的。" + + 他们的生活是工业化的，失望的，我们自己的也一样。"她叫道。 + + "我不相信这话，你说的是骑丽的溺藻，只是瞩目待毙了的残余的浪漫主义的话，我亲爱的康妮呵，你此刻一点儿也没有失望的人的样了呢！" + + 这是真的。她的深的眼睛发着亮，两颊红粉粉的发烧，她充满着反叛的热情，全没有失望着的颓丧样儿，她注意到浓密的草丛中，杂着一些新出的莲馨花，还裹着一层毛茸，她自己愤横地奇怪着，为什么她既然觉得克利福不对，却又不能告诉他，不能明白地说出他在哪里不对。 + + "无怪工人们都恨你了。"她说。 + + "他们并不恨我！"他答道。"不要弄错了，他们并不是如你所想象的真正的人。他们是你所不懂的，而且你永不会懂的动物。不要对其他的人作无谓的幻想，过去和将来的群众都是一样的，罗马暴君尼罗的奴录和我们的矿工，或福德汽车厂的工人，是相差得微乎其微的。我说的是在煤场里和田野里工作的奴录。这便是群众，他们是不会变的，在群众中，可以有个露头角的人但是这种特殊的现象并不会使群众改变，群众是不能改变的。这是社会科学中最重要的事实之一。paneecicenses！可是不幸地，我们今日却用教育去替你杂要场了。我们今日的错处．就错在把这般群众爱看的杂耍场大大地铲除了。并且用一点点几的教育把这般群众弄坏了。" + + 当克利福吐露着他对于平民的真正感情时，康妮害怕起来了。他的话里，有点可怖的真理在。但是这是一种杀人的真理。 + + 看见了她苍白的颜色和静默的态度，克利福把小车子再次开动了。一路无言地到了园门边，康妮把园门打开了，他重新把车子停住。 + + "现在我们所要执在手里的是一条鞭，而不是一把剑，群众是自从人类开始直至人类末日止，都被人统治的，而且不得不这样，说他们能自治，那是骗人的笑话。" + + "但是你能统治他的么？"她问道。 + + "我？当然！我的心和我的志愿都没有残废，我并不用两条腿去统治，我能尽我的统治者的本分，绝对的尽我的本分，给我个儿子，他便将继承父业。" + + "但是他不会是你真正的儿子，不会属于你的统治者的阶级，也许不。"她呐呐地说。 + + "我不管他的父亲是谁，只要地是个健康的、有普通智慧的人。给我一个无论那个健康的，有普通智慧的男子所生的儿子，我便可以使他成个不愧门楣的查太莱。重要的不是生我们者是谁，而是命运所给与我们的地位是怎样。把无论怎样的一个孩子放在统治者阶级中，他便要成为庶民，群众的产品，那是不可抗拒的环境所迫的缘故。" + + "那么庶民并没有庶民的种，贵族也没有贵族的种了？"她说。 + + "不，我的孩子！这一切都是浪漫的幻想。贵族是一种职责，命运之一部分，而群众是执行职责，命运之其他一部分。个人是无关紧要的。紧要的是你受的哪一种职责的教养，你适合于哪一种职责，贵族并不是由个人组成的。而是由全贵族职责之执行而成的，庶民之所以为庶民，也是由全民众职责之执行而成的。" + + "依你这样说来，我们人与人之间，并没有共同的人性了！" + + "随你喜欢，我们谁都有把肚子吃饱的需要，我相信统治阶级与服役阶级之间有个无底的深渊在，这两种职责情形是相反的。职责是所以决定个人的东西。" + + 康妮惊愕地望着他。 + + "你不继续散步么？"她说。 + + 他把他的小车子开动了。他要说的话都说了。他现在重新陷入了他所特有的那种空洞的冷淡中，那是使康妮觉得很难堪的。但是无论如何，她决定不在这林中和他争论。 + + 在他们面前开展着那条跑马道，面旁是两排捧子树和斑白色的美丽的树木。小车子缓缓地前进，路上棒树影遮不到的地方，蔓生着牛奶泡沫似的毋忘我花，车子打上面经过，克利，福在路中心欢呼着他的车，在花草满地中，这路中心被脚步践踏成一条小径了。在后面跟着的康妮，望着车轮打小铃兰和喇叭花上而辗过，把爬地藤的带黄色的小花钟儿压个破碎。现在，这车轮在毋忘我花中开着一条路线。 + + 所有的花都象在这儿，绿色水池里那些初生的圆叶风铃草，茂盛得象一潭静止的水。 + + "你说得真对，这儿可爱极了。"他说，"美极了，什么东西比得上英国的春天可爱" + + 康妮听了他这话，仿佛春天的花开都是由议院来决定似的，英国的春天！为什么不是爱尔兰的，或犹太的春天？小牛儿在劲健得象芥麦似的圆叶风铃草丛中缓缓地前进，压着牛劳草的灰色的叶儿。当他们来到那树木伐光了空旷地时，有点眩眼的光线照耀着他们，满地鲜蓝的圆叶风铃草中，间杂着一些带企或带紫的蓝色，在这花群中。一些蕨草抢着褐色的、卷绢的头儿，象是些小蛇，准备若为夏娃汇漏什么新的秘密， + + 克利福把车驶到小山顶上，康妮在后面慢馒地跟着。山毛榉的褐色牙儿，温柔地开展着。老去的冬天的粗糙，全变成温柔了。甚至倔强嶙峋的橡树，也发着最柔媚的嫩叶，伸展着纤纤的褐色的小枝翅，好象是些向阳的蝙蝠的翅翼。为什么人类从来就没有什么新鲜的蜕变，使自己返老还童？多么拓燥刻板的人生！ + + 克利福把车子停在小山顶上，眺望着下面。圆叶风铃草象蓝色的潮水似的，在那条宽大的马路上泛滥着，温暖的把山麓铺得通蓝。 + + "这种颜色本身是很美的。"克利福说，"但是拿来作画便没有用了。" + + "的确！"康妮说，一点儿也不感兴趣。 + + "让我冒险一下把车子驶到泉源那边去好吗？"克利福说。 + + "我以为车子回来时上得了这个山么？"她说。 + + "我们试试看。不入虎穴，焉得虎子！" + + 车子开始慢慢地下着坡，在那条被蓝色的风信子泛滥着的、缚丽的宽道上颠簸着。阿，最后的一条船，在飘过风信子的浅水上！呵，波涛汹涌上的轻舟，在作着我们的文化的末次的航行，到哪儿去，呵，你荒唐的软舟，你蠕蠕地颠缀到那儿去！安泰而又满足，克利福坐在探险的舵前，戴着他的者黑帽，穷着软绒布的短外衣，又镇静又小心。呵，船主哟，我的船主哟，我们壮丽的航行是完结了！可是还没有十分完结呢！康妮穿着灰色的衣裳，在后面跟着轮痕，一边走着，一边望着颠镊着下坡的小车儿。 + + 他们打那条小屋里去的狭径前经过，多谢天，这狭径并容不下那小车子，小得连容一个人都不易，车子到了小山箕后，转个弯不见了，康妮听见后面的一声口哨。她转过头去；守猎人正下着坡向她走来，后面跟着他的狗儿。 + + "克利福男夫人是不是到村舍那边去？"他一边问，一边望着她的眼睛。 + + "不，只到约翰井那边去。" + + "呵，那好！我可以不露面了。但是我今晚再见你-点钟左右。在我园门边候你。" + + 他重新！向她的眼里直望。 + + "好。"她犹豫地说。 + + 他们听见了克利福响着喇叭声的唤康妮。她呼啸着长声回答着。守猎人的脸上绉了一绉，他用手在康妮的胸前，温柔地从下向上抚摸着。她惊骇地望了望他，忙向山坡上奔去，嘴里呼着"喔——喔"去回答克利福。那人在上面望着她，然后回转身去．微微地苦笑着，向他的小径里隐没。 + + 她看见克利福正慢慢地上着坡，向半山上落叶松林中的泉源处走去，当她赶上他时，他已经到了。 + + "车子走得很不错。"他说。 + + 康福望着落叶松林边丛生着的牛蒡草，灰色的大叶儿象反影似的。人们叫它做罗宾汉大黄。泉水的阂围．一切都显得十分清静，十分忧郁！而泉水却欢乐地、神妙地腾涌着！那儿还有几朵大戟花和蓝色的大喇叭花。在那池边、黄土在掀动着：一只鼹鼠！它露着头．两只嫩红的手在扒着，钻形在嘴儿在盲目地摇着，嫩红的小鼻尖高举着。 + + "它好象用它的鼻尖在看似的。"康妮说。 + + "比用它的眼睛看得更清楚呢！"他说，"你要喝点水吗？" + + "你呢？" + + 她从树枝上拿下接着一个珐琅杯子，弯身去取了一杯水给他。他啜了几口。然后她再弯下身去，她自己也喝了一些。 + + "多么冷！"她喘着气说。 + + "但很好喝，是不是？你发了愿吗？" + + "你呢？" + + "是的，我发了个愿，但是我不愿说。" + + 她听见落叶松林里一只啄木鸟的声音，然后是一阵轻柔的、神秘的风声。她仰着头。一朵朵白云在蓝色的天上浮过。 + + "有云呢！"她说。 + + "那只是些白色的绵羊。"他答道。 + + 一朵云影在那小空地上盖了过去。鼹鼠游到那温软的黄土上去了。 + + "讨厌的小东西。"克利福说："我们该把它打死。" + + "瞧！它象是个圣坛上的牧师呵。"她说。 + + 她采了几朵小铃兰花给他。 + + "野袜草！"他说，"香得和前世纪的浪漫的贵妇们一般，可不是？毕竟那时的贵妇们并不见得怎么颠狂呢！" + + 她望着天上的白云。 + + "不知道会不会下雨呢，"她说。 + + "下雨！为什么！你想不下雨么？" + + 他们开始向原路回去。克利福小心地驶着颠簸的车子下坡。到了沉黑的山下，向右转走了几分钟。他们便向那向阳的，圆叶风铃草遍布着的长坡上去。 + + "现在，好好走罢！老爷车！"克利福一边说，一边开着车。 + + 小车子颠动不稳地上着这险阻的长坡，它好象不太愿意似的挣扎着慢慢走着。好容易他们来到了一处丛生着风情的地方。车子好象给花丛绊着了，它挣扎着，跳了一跳，停住了。 + + "最好是把号角响一响，看守猎人会不会来。"康妮说。 + + "他可以推一推。不过我自己也可以推。那可以帮助一点儿。" + + "我们让车子憩一憩。"克利福说，"请你在车轮后面放一块枕石吧。" + + 康妮找了一块石头。他们等待着。过了一会，克利福把机器开了。想把车子开行起来。它挣扎着，象个病人似地摇震着；发着怪声。 + + "让我推一推罢。"康妮说着跑到车子后边去。 + + "不要推！"他恼怒地说："如果要人推的话，还用得着这该死的机器么！把石头放在车轮下。" + + 重新停住，重新又开行着：但是愈来愈糟了。 + + "你得让我推一推。"她说 + + "等一等！" + + 她等候着。他再试了一回，但是越弄越坏。 + + "你既不要我推，那么把号角响起来罢。"她说。 + + "不要管！你静一会儿吧！" + + 她静了一会，他凶暴地摇着那小小的发动机。 + + "克利福，你这样子只能把机器全弄坏的。还白费你一番气力呢。"她规劝说。 + + "倘若我能够下来看看这该死的东西就好了！"他激动地说，把号角粗暴地响着。"也许梅乐士会知道毛病在那儿罢。" + + 他们在压倒的花丛中待等着，天上渐渐地被云凝结着了。静默中，一只野鸽在叫着咕噜咕咕！咕噜咕咕！克利福在号角上一按，把它吓住了嘴。 + + 守猎人立刻在路旁出现了，行了个礼，问是什么事。 + + "你懂机器吗？"克利福尖锐地问道。 + + "我怕我不懂呢。车子有什么毛病么？" + + "显然地！"克利福喝道。 + + 那人留心地蹲伏在车轮边，探视着那小机器。 + + "这种机器上的事情，我恐怕全不知道呵！克利福男爵。"他安静地说："假如汽油和油都够了……" + + "细心看看有什么东西破损了没有？"克利福打断他的话说。 + + 那人把他的枪靠在一株树放下，脱了外衣，丢在树边，褐色的狗儿坐着守伺着，然后他蹲伏下去，向画底下细视，手指轻触着油腻的小机器，那油污把他的礼拜日的白衬衣弄脏了，他心里有点恼怒。 + + "不象有什么东西破损了的样子。"他说，站了起来，把帽子向后一推，在额上擦着，思索着。 + + "你看了下面没有？"克利福问道，"看看那儿有没有毛病！" + + 那人俯卧在地上，头向后倾，在车下蠕动着，摸索着。康妮想，一个男子俯卧在庞大的地上的时候，他是多么纤弱微小的可怜的东西。 + + "据我看来，似乎并没有什么毛病。"他说。 + + "我想你是没有力、法的。"克利福说。 + + "的确没有办法！"他欠身起来蹲坐在脚跟上，象工人们的坐法一样，"那儿决没有什么破损的东西。" + + 克利福把机器开着，然后上了齿轮，可是车子动也不动。 + + "把发动机大力点儿按一按罢。"守猎人授意说。 + + 这种参预，使克利福恼怒起来，但是他终把发动机开到大苍蝇似的嗡嗡响起来了。车子咆哮的嚣响起来了，似乎好些了。 + + "我想行了。"梅乐士说。 + + 车子象病人似的向前跳了一跳又退了回来，然后蠕蠕地前进。 + + "要是我推一推，便可以好好地走了。"守猎人一边说，一边走列车后边去。 + + "不要动它！"克利福喝道。"它自己会走！" + + "但是克利福！"康妮在旁边插嘴说，"你知道车子自己走不动了，为什么这样固执！" + + 克利福气得脸色苍白起来，他在拔动机上猛推。车子迅疾地、摇摆地走了几步，然后在一丛特别浓密的圆叶风铃草丛中停着了。 + + "完了！"守猎人说，"马力不够。" + + "它曾上过这个山坡来的。"克利福冷醒地说。 + + "这一次却不行了。"守猎人说。 + + 克利福没有回答。他开始开动着他的发动机，有时紧，有时慢，仿佛他要开出个抑扬婉转的音乐来似的。这种奇异的声音在林中回响着。然后，他陡然地上了齿轮，一下子把制动机放松了。 + + "你要把车子弄碎呢。"守猎人喃喃地说。 + + 车子咆哮地跳了起来。向着路旁的壕沟滚去。 + + "克利福！"康妮喊着向他跑了过去。 + + 但是守猎的已经把车杠握着了。克利福也用尽了力量，才把车子转向路上来，现在，车子发着古怪的嚣声，拼命向上爬着。梅乐士在后面紧紧地推着；小车儿于是前进无阻，仿佛在戴罪立功了。 + + "你瞧，走得多好！"克利福得意地说，说了向后面望着，他看见了守猎的人的头。 + + "你在推着么？" + + "不推不行的。" + + "不要推！我已经告诉你不要动它！" + + "不推不行呢；" + + "让它试试看！"克利福怒喝道。 + + 守猎的退开，回身去拿他的枪和外衣。车子仿佛立刻窒息了。它死了似的停着。克利福囚犯似地困在里面，恼怒得脸都白了。他用手推着拔动机，他的脚是没有用的，结果车子响着怪声。在狂暴地躁声中，他把小把柄转动着，结果怪声更大，但是车子一点儿也不肯动。他把发动机停住了，在愤怒中硬直地坐着。 + + 康妮站在路旁的土堤上，望着那些可怜的，压坏的圆叶风铃草。"再没有象英国的春天这么可怜的东西了："我能尽我统治者的本份。""现在我们所要的是一条鞭，而不是一把剑。""统治阶级！" + + 守猎人拿了他的枪和外衣走了上来，佛萝茜小心地跟在他的脚边。克利福叫他看看机器。康妮呢，她对于机器的技术是毫无所知，但是对于汽车在半路坏了时的滋味，却经验得多了，她忍耐地坐在土堤上，仿佛她不存在似的。守猎人重新俯卧在地上，统治阶级和服役阶级！ + + 他站了起来忍耐地说："现在再试一试罢。" + + 他的声音是安静的，差不多象是在对一个孩子说话。 + + 克利福把动机开了，梅乐士迅疾地退到车后边去，开始推着。车子走了，差不多一半是车力，其余是人力。 + + 克利福回转了头，气极了。 + + "你走开好不好！" + + 守猎人立刻松了手，克利福继续说："我怎么能知道它走得怎样！" + + 那人把枪放下了，穿着他的外衣。车子开始慢慢地往后退。 + + "克利福，刹车！"康妮喊道。 + + 三个人立刻手忙脚乱起来。康妮和守猎人轻轻地相碰着，车子停住了，大家沉默了一会。 + + "无疑地我是非听人摆布不可了！"克利福说着，气得脸发黄了。 + + 没有人回答他。梅乐士把枪挂在肩上，他的脸孔怪异而没有什么表情，有的只是那心不在焉的忍耐的神气罢了。狗儿佛萝茜差不多站在主人的两脚之间守望着，不安地动着，在这三个人的中间迷惑不知所措，狐疑地，厌恶地望着那车子。好一幅活画图摆在那些压倒的圆叶风铃草丛中。大家都默然。 + + "我想是要推一推了。"最后克利福假作镇静地说。 + + 没有回答。梅乐士的心不在焉的样子，仿佛没有听见似的。康妮焦虑地向他望了一望，克利福地回过头来探望。"梅乐士！你不介意把车子推回去罢！"他用一种冷淡的尊严的声调说，"我希望没有说什么使你见怪的话。"他用不悦的声调说了一句。 + + "一点也没有，克利福男爵！你要我推么？" + + "请。" + + 那人走上前去，但是这一次却没有效了。发动机绊着了。他们拉着，推着，守猎人重新把他的枪和外衣除了下来。现在克利福一言不发了。最后，守猎人把车子的后身从地上抬起来。飞了一脚，想使车子轮脱去因绊。没有用，车子重新坠了下去。克利福依在车子一边，那人在举重之后喘着气。 + + "不要这样做！"康妮向他喊道。 + + "假如你把轮子这么一拉，那就行了。"他一边说，一边指示她怎样拉。 + + "不，不要再去抬那车子。你要把自己扭伤的。"她说，现在气得一脸通红了。 + + 但是，她向他的眼里直望着，点了点头，她不得不上前去扶着轮子，准备着。他把车子抢起了，她拉了一拉，车子颠缀起来。 + + "老天呀！"克利福吓得喊了起来。 + + 但是现在好了，发动机不绊着了。守猎人在轮后放了一块石头，走到土坡边坐下。这一番力使他心跳起来，脸孔苍白，差不多晕迷了。康妮望着他，气得几乎叫了起来。大家死寂了一会。她看见他的两手在大腿上颤战着。 + + "你受伤了没有？"她向他走上前去说。 + + "不，不"他几分含怒地转过头去。 + + 一阵死似的沉寂。金黄色头发的克利福的头，兀然不动。甚至狗儿也站着不动。天上给云遮蔽着了。 + + 最后，守猎人叹了一口气，用他的红手巾撂着鼻。 + + "那肺炎病使我气力衰弱了不少。"他说。 + + 没有人回答。康妮心里打量着，把那车子和笨重的克利福抬起来。那得要好一番气力；那得要太大的一番气力呵！假如他没有因此而丢了命！…… + + 他站了起来，重新拿了他的外衣，把它挂在车子的门钩上。 + + "你准备好了么，克利福男爵？" + + "是的，我正等着你！" + + 他反身把石头拉开了，用全身重量推着车子，康妮从没有看过他这么苍白，这么无心的。山既陡峻而克利福又沉重。康妮走到守猎人的旁边说："我也来推！" + + 她用一种生了气的妇人的泼辣的气力推着。车子走得快些了、克利福回转头来。 + + "何苦呢？"他说。 + + "何苦！你要这人的命么！假如刚才还没有坏的时候，你就让它走的话……" + + 她没说下去，她已经喘不过气来了，她推得轻一点儿了；因为那是十分费劲的工作。 + + "呵！轻点儿！"守猎人在她旁边微笑着说。 + + "你的确没有受伤么？"她凶狠地说。 + + 他摇了摇头，她望着他的手，一只小小，给气候侵赤了的手。这手是爱抚过她的。她还没有端详过它呢，它的样子是这么安静，和他一样，一种奇民蝗内在的安静。康妮看了怪想把它握着，仿佛这只手是不能被她接近似的，她整人脾灵魂突然地为他颠动起来。他是这么沉默，这么不可接近！而他呢，他觉得他的四脚复活了。左手推着车，右手放在康妮的圆而白的手腕上，温柔地、爱抚地挽着她的手腕，一把力量的火焰在他的背上、腰下下降着，使他复了生气。突然地，她转身吻了吻他的手。这时，正在他们面前的克利福的头背，却冗然不动。 + + 到了小山顶上，他们憩了一憩，劳力过后的康妮，觉得高兴地可以休息一会。她有时曾梦想过这两个男子友爱起来，一个是她的丈夫，一个是她的孩子的父亲。现在，她明白了这种梦想是荒唐无稽的了。这两个男子是水火般不相容的。不是能两立的。她体会了这种奇妙，这是第一次，而这也是第一次，她分明地、决然地深恨克利福、恨不得要他从这大地上消灭。说也奇怪，她这样根他，并且她自己满承认恨他，使她觉得自由而充满生命起来了。她心里想："现在我恨他了，我再也不能继续和他同居了。" + + 在那平地上，车子只要守猎的一个人推便行了。克利福向康妮谈起话来，表示着他是怪安闲的：他说起在锹浦的爱娃妨毋，说起麦尔肯爵士。他曾写信来问康妮究竟和他一起坐汽车去威尼斯呢，还是和希尔达乘火车一起去。 + + "我情愿坐火车去。"康妮说，"我不喜欢坐汽车走远路，尤其是有灰尘的时候，但是我还要看看希尔达的意思怎样。" + + "她会要坐她自己的汽车和你一起去呢。"他说。 + + "也许！……这儿我得帮一帮忙把车子推上去，你不知道这车子多么重呢。" + + 她走到车后守猎人的旁边，推着车子上微红色的小上径上去，她并不怕给人瞧见不好看了。 + + "为什么不去叫非尔德来推，让我在此地等着，他是够强壮来做这种事的。"克利福说。 + + "现在不过几步就到了。"她喘着气说。 + + 但是当他们到了山顶时，她和梅乐士两个人都在揩着脸上的汗，这种共同的工作，奇异地使他们更亲近了。当他们到了屋门口时，克利福说："劳驾得很，梅乐士，我得换一架发动机才行。你愿意到厨房里去用午饭么？我想差不多是时候了。" + + "谢谢，克利福男爵。我要去我母亲那里吃饭。今天是星期天。" + + "随你便罢。" + + 梅乐士把外衣穿上了，望着康妮，行了个礼便走了，康妮悻悻地回到楼上去。 + + 午饭的时候，她忍不住她的感情了。 + + "克利福，你为什么这么可厌地不体谅人？"她说。 + + "体谅谁？" + + "那守猎的！假如那便是你所谓的统治阶级的行为，我要替你可惜呢。" + + "为什么？" + + "他是一个病后体弱的人！老实说，健如我是服役阶级的人，定不睬你，让你尽管呼唤！" + + "我很相信你会这样。" + + 假如车子里坐的是他，两腿又疯瘫了，并且举止又和你一样，你将对他怎样？" + + "我亲爱的传道师，你这样把两个地位不同的人相提并论，是无聊的。" + + "而你这样卑劣地，拓萎了似的缺乏普通的同情，才是最无聊的呢。贵者施思于人呀！唉。你和你的统治阶级！" + + "可施给我什么呢？难道要为我的守猎人作一场莫须有的感情冲动？我不，这些我让我的传道师担任去。" + + "哎呀，仿佛他就是象你一样的一个人似的！" + + "总之他是我的守猎人，我每星期绘他两金镑，并且给他一所屋子住。" + + "你给他！你想为什么你给他两金镑一星期，和一所屋子住。为什么？" + + "为了他的服役。" + + "咳！我告诉你还是留下你的两金镑一星期，和你的屋子罢！" + + "大概他也想这样对我说，不过他就没有这个能耐儿！" + + "你，你的统治！"她说，"你并不能统治，别梦想罢。你不过比他人多点钱，把这钱去使人替你服役，一星期两金镑，否则便叫他们饿死了罢。统治！统治什么？你是从头到脚干涸的！你只知道拿金钱去压诈他人，和任何犹太人及任何浑水捉鱼的人一样！" + + "一番好漂亮的话，查太莱男爵夫人！" + + "你呢！你刚才在林中时，才真是漂亮极了！我真替你害羞！咳，我的父亲比你人道十倍，你们上流人呵！" + + 他按铃叫波太太。但是他已经两腮发蒙了。 + + 康妮怒不可遏地回到楼上去，心里说着："他！用钱去买人！好，他并没有买我，所以我没有和他共住的必要。一条死鱼要瓣上流人，他的灵魂是赛聪蹈的；他们多么欺骗人，用他们的仪度和他们的奸猾虚焦的上流人的神气。他们大概只有赛潞瑶一样多的感情。" + + 她计划着晚上的事情，决意不去想克利福了。她不愿去恨他。她不愿在任何感情上——甚至恨——和他太亲切地生活了。她不愿他丝毫地知道她，尤其不愿他知道她对于那个守猎人的感情。关于她对待用人的态度的这种争吵，不是自今日始。他觉得那是家常事了。她呢，她觉得她一提到他人的事的时候，他是呆木无感的，坚韧得和橡胶似的。 + + 晚饭的时候，她泰地下楼去，带着平素那种端庄的神气，他的两腮还在发黄！他的肚气又发作了，那使他变得十分怪异……他正读着一本法文书。 + + "你读过普鲁斯的作品吗？他问。 + + "读过，但是他的作品使我烦厌。" + + "他真是个非常的作家。" + + "也许！但是他使我烦厌：那种诡谲的花言巧语！他并没有感情，他只是对于感情说得滔滔不休罢了。妄自尊大的人心，我是厌倦的。" + + "那么你宁爱妄自尊大的兽性么？" + + "也许！但是一个人也许可以找点什么不妄自尊大的东西吧。" + + "总之，我喜欢普鲁斯特的锐敏，和他的高尚的无政府情态。" + + "那便是使你毫无生命的东西！" + + "的传道师小夫人又在说道了。" + + 这样，他们又开始那争吵不尽的争吵了！但是她忍不住去和他争斗。他坐在那儿象一具骷髅似的，施着一种骷髅的、腐朽的、冷森森的意志去反抗她。她仿佛觉得那骷髅正把她抓着，把她压抑在它胸膛的骨架前。这骷髅也武装起来了。她有点害怕起来。 + + 她等到一可以脱身的时候，便回到楼上房里去了，很早地便上床去了。但是到了九点半，她便起来往外边打听动静。一点声响也没有。她穿了一件室内便衣走下楼去，克利福和波太太正在打牌赌钱，大概他们是要玩到半夜的。 + + 康妮回到了寝室里，把她历穿的室内便衣丢在凌乱的床上，穿上了一件薄薄的寝衣，外面加了一件日常穿的绒衣，穿了一双胶底的网球鞋，披了一件轻松外套，一切都准备好了。假如碰见什么人的话，她可以说是出去一会儿，早上回来的时候！她可以说是在露里散步回来，这是她在早餐以前常做的事，唯一的危险便是在夜里有人到她寝室里来。但这是罕有的事，一百回碰不到一回的。 + + 自蒂斯还没有把门上锁。他是十点关门，早上七点开门的。她悄悄地闪了出来，没有谁看见她。天上悬着一弯半月，亮得尽够使大地光明，但却不能使人看见这穿着暗色处厌的她。她迅疾地穿过了花园，与其说是幽会使她兴奋，不如说是甘种反叛的暴怒使她心里火烧着，这种心境是不适于爱情的幽会的。但是事情是只好逆来顾受呵！ + + + + 第十四章 + + 当她将到园门边时，她听见开门的声音，那么，他已经在黝黑的林中，并且看见她了。 + + "你来的早呢。"他在黑暗里说，"一切都好么？" + + "一切都顺利。" + + 她出了园门后，他悄悄地把它关上了。他的手电筒在黑暗的地上照着，照着那些夜里还开着的灰白色的花朵。默默地，他们前后相隔着前进。 + + "你今天早上的确没有为了那车子受伤么？"她问道。 + + "没有，没有！" + + "你什么时候得的那肺炎病，这病对你的影响怎样？" + + "呵，没有怎样！只是心弱一点，肺硬一点罢了，但是肺炎过后总是这样的。" + + "你不应该作激烈的操作吧？" + + "不要太经常就是。" + + 她在愤怒的静默中缓缓地前进着。 + + "你恨克利福吗？"他最后说。 + + "恨他？不！和他一样的人，我碰过太多了，我再也不自找烦恼地去恨他们了。我早就知道他这一类的人是我所不喜欢的，所以我却置之漠然了。" + + "他是哪一类的人？" + + "呵，你比我更知道，他是那种半年轻的有点带女性的没有睾丸的人。" + + "没有什么？" + + "没有睾丸，男子的睾丸。" + + 她沉思着。 + + "难道问题就是这个么？"她有点烦闷地说。 + + "当一个人蠢笨的时候，你说他没有脑筋，当他卑一下的时候，你说他没有心。当他怯懦的时候、你说他没有脾胃；当他是毫无那种男性的凶猛的火气的时候，你便说他没有睾丸，当他是一种驯服了的人的时候……"她沉思着。 + + "克利福是不是驯服的人？她问道。 + + "是的，驯服了，并且可恶得很，那是和大多数的这类的人一样的，当你反抗他们的时候。" + + "你以为你是不驯服的么？" + + "也许不太。" + + 远远地她看见了一点黄色的灯光。她站住了。 + + "有灯火么？"她说。 + + "我常常是点一盏灯在家里的。"他说。 + + 她继续和他并行着，但没有触着他。她自己心里奇怪着为什么要同他去。为什么？ + + 他把门开了；两个人进去后，他再把门赌住。他想，这好象是个监狱呢！红热的火边，开水壶正在响着；桌子上摆了几个茶杯。 + + 她坐在火边一把木椅子上。从寒冷地外面进来，觉得这儿是温暖的。 + + "我的鞋都湿了，我脱了罢。"康妮说。 + + 她把她穿的袜的两脚放在光亮的钢火炉围栏上。他到伙食间里找了些食物：面包、牛油和卤奄肉。她热起来了。她把外套脱了。 + + "你要喝可可呢，茶呢，还是咖啡？"他问道。 + + "我什么都不想，你自己请吃罢。" + + "我不想吃什么，只是要给点东西狗儿吃。" + + 他在砖上稳重地、恬静地踱来踱去，预备了一碗狗吃的东西。那猎狗不安地举着头望着他。 + + "来，这儿是你的晚餐；不用装那副怪样子！"他说。 + + 他把碗放在楼梯脚下的地席上后，在靠墙的一把椅子上坐了下去，脱了他的脚绊和鞋那猎狗儿并不吃，却跑到他的旁边坐下，不安地仰望着他。 + + 他缓缓地解地他的脚绊。狗儿越靠近着他。 + + "您怎么啦、因为这儿有个外人所以这么不安么、呵，女性终是女性！去吃你的晚餐吧。" + + 他把手放在它的头上，狗儿侧着头依着他。他轻柔地拉着它软滑的长耳朵。 + + "那边，那边！去吃您的晚餐去！去！" + + 他把椅子移向楼梯那边，狗儿柔顺地走去吃它的东西。 + + "你喜欢狗吗。"康妮问道。 + + "不，不太喜欢。它们太驯服，太缠绵了。" + + 他脱了脚绊正在脱着笨重的鞋,康妮背着火向房子里望着。多么简朴的一间小房子！但是墙上却接着一张令人生怖的结婚放大像，显然是他和他的女人，一个有着刚勇的脸孔的年轻女子。 + + "那是你么？"康妮问道。 + + 他回过头来望着他头顶那张大像。 + + "是的！这像是刚要结婚前照的，那时我是二十一岁。"他很冷静地望着那像片。 + + "你喜欢这个像么。"康妮问道。 + + "喜欢？不！我从来不喜欢照这像。但是她却非照这像不可。" + + 他回转头去把鞋脱着。 + + "你，既不喜欢，为什么挂在那儿"她说。 + + 他突然苦笑起来望着她，说： + + "凡家里值得带走的东西，她都带走了：但是这张像，她却留下了！" + + "那么为什么你还留着它呢？为了痴情的缘故么？" + + "不，我从来就没有瞧它，我差不多就不知道有它。那是从我们这儿来就挂在那里的。" + + "你为什么不把它烧了。" + + 他又回过头来望着那张像：四面装的是丑陋的褐色油金的框子，上面是个没有胡子的、活泼的、样子很年轻的男子，领子有点过高，和一个身形有点臃肿，穿着一件暗色缎衣，卷发蓬松、刚勇的年轻妇人。 + + "真的，这主意倒不错。"他说。 + + 他把鞋脱了换上了一双托鞋。他站地椅子上，把墙上的像取了下来，带绿色的图纸上，留下了一块苍白色的大方形。 + + "用不着拂去上面的灰尘上。"他一边说，一边把像架靠着墙根放了。 + + 他到杂物间里取了一把铁锤和钳子回来。坐在刚才坐的那个地位，他开始把那大像架背后的纸撕了，小钉子拔了。他沉静地入神地工作着，这神情是他所特有的。 + + 一会儿，他把钉子都拔了。他把后面的木板取了下来，再把那坚实的硬纸的像取了出来，他觉得有趣的望着那张像说 + + "我那时的样子恰是这样：象一个年轻的教士；面她那时的样子也恰是这样：象一只河东狮子，一只奸头奸胸的河东狮子！" + + "让我瞧瞧。"康妮说。 + + 真的，他胡子剃得光光的，样子顶整洁，这是那些整洁的青年之一。甚至在像片上，他的眼眼也是活泼而无畏的。那女人呢，虽然她的颐骨是沉重的。但并不怎样象河东狮子。她有一种令人看了不免感动的什么东西。 + + "一个人千万不要留这种东西。"康妮说。 + + "的确；千万不要留；尤其千万不要去照相" + + 他把像放在膝上撕碎了；撕成了小片时，他丢进火里去。"只是把火壅塞了。"他说。 + + 他小心地把玻璃和木板拿到楼上去。 + + 他把像架用铁锤打碎了，上面的漆灰飞扬着。然后他把碎片带到杂物间里去。 + + "这个我明天再烧。"他说："上面的膏泥灰漆太多了。" + + 把一切收拾好了后，他坐了下来。 + + "你爱不爱你的女人。"她问他。 + + "爱。"他说："你爱不爱克利福男爵。" + + 但是她非问个究竟不休。 + + "但是你想她罢。"她坚持地问。 + + "想她。"她苦笑着。 + + "也许你现面还想她罢。"她说 + + "我！"她睁着眼睛，"呵，不，我一想到她就难受。"他安静地说。 + + "为什么。" + + 他只是摇着头。 + + "那么为什么你不离婚？她总有一天是要回来的。"康妮说。 + + 他尖锐地望着她。 + + "决没有这事，她恨我比我恨她更甚呢。" + + "你看吧，她将来要回来的。" + + "决不会，那是没有问题的了！我再也见不到她了。" + + "你将要见她的。你们的分居是没有法律根据的，是不是？" + + "没有。" + + "呵，那么她是要回来的。那时你便不得不收容她。" + + 他呆呆地望着康妮。然后奇怪的摇着头。 + + "你的话也许是对的。我回到这个地方来真是笨！但是我那时正在飘零无依，而不得不找个安顿的地方。人再也没有比落魄者更可怜的境遇了。不过你的话是对的。我得把婚离了。各个自由。公务员、法庭、裁判官……我是恨之入骨的。但是我不得不忍受。我要离婚。" + + 她看见他把牙关咬紧了，她心里暗地里在狂喜着。 + + "我现在想喝杯茶了。"她说。 + + 他站起来去弄茶。但是他脸上的神态还是没有变。 + + 当他们在桌边就坐后，她问道： + + "你为什么和她结婚、她比你低下，波太太对我讲过她的事情，她永不能明白为什么你和她结婚。" + + 他疑视着她。 + + "让我告诉你罢。"他说，"我第一个情妇，是当我十六岁的时候开始追逐她的。她是一个奥拉东地方的校长的女儿，长得满好看，还可以说是很美丽，那时人家认为我是个有为的青年。我是雪非尔得公学出身，我懂有法文和德文，我自己也非常自大，她是个浪漫派儿，讨厌一切庸俗的东西。她怂恿我读书吟诗：从某一方面来讲，她使我成了个大丈夫。为了她，我热心地读书，思索。那时我在巴脱来事务所里做事，又苍白又瘦弱，所有读过的东西都使我胡思乱想起来。我和她一切都谈。无所不谈，我们从波斯的巴色波里谈到非洲的唐布都。百里以内再也找不出我们这样有文学修养的一对了。我对她说得出神入化，的确也出神入化。我简直是飘飘欲仙了。并且她崇拜我。可是，草中有伏蛇；那便是性爱的问题。她并没有性感；至少是那应该有的地方她却没有。我一天一天地消一天一天地痴狂。我对她说，我们非成情人不行了。我同平常一样，用言语去把她说服了。于是她委身与我了。我觉得很兴奋，可是她总是没有兴味。她压根儿就不想那个。她只是崇拜我，她只爱听我说话，爱我抱我吻她。其余，她就压根儿不想。世上有不少同她一样的女子。我呢，我所想的恰恰是其余的，于是我们闹翻了，我残忍地丢了她。当时，我和另一个少女发生关系，她是个女教员，不久以前日有过一场不体面的事；拼上了一个有妇之夫，差不多把她弄得发狂，她是个温柔的、皮肤嫩白的妇人，年纪比我大点，还会拉四弦琴．她真是个妖精。关于恋爱的东西，她样样喜欢，就是性爱她不喜欢．又妖腐，又缠绵，不知用多少药样来迷你只是是如果迫她进一步到性爱上去，她便要咬牙切齿地恨起来，我强迫她屈服．她简直把我恨死了。于是我又失望了。我深恶这种种。我需要的是一个需要我，而又需要那个的女人。 + + "跟着来自黛·古蒂斯，当我还是孩童的时候，古蒂斯一家就住在我们田邻，所以我很认识他们。他们都是庸欲的人。白黛到波明汉去就个什么事情一据她自己说，是在一个人家里当女伴，但是大家却说她是在一家旅馆里当女仆一类的事情，这且不提，事情是正当我再也受不了刚才说的那个女人的时候，白黛回家来了，风致釉然，穿着人时，带着一种花枝招展的光彩，这种肉感的光彩，我们有时是可以从一个女人或一架电车看得见的。我呢，我正在一称失望的、敢作敢为的情境中。我辞了巴脱来的差，因为我觉得干那种事情太不值了．我回到了达娃斯哈来当铁匠头：主要的工作是替巴安铁蹄那是我父亲的职业，我一向是和他在一起的。我喜欢这职业，我喜欢马，我觉得联业正合我的意，于是我不说他们所谓的斯文话了，那便是说，不说那正确的英语，面重新说起土话来了．我不田地在家里续书，但是我打着铁、安着马蹄。我有-头小马和一部自己的汽车，我父亲死后给成留下了三百镑。于是，我和白黛发生了关系，而且我喜欢她的庸俗：我需要她庸俗；我要我自己也庸俗起来。好，我娶她了。起初，她还不坏。其他的、纯洁的、妇人们差不多把我的睾丸都剥夺了，但是白黛在剥一点上却还好，她需要我，而不待人千呼万唤。我满心得意。那正是我所需要的：一个解怜爱的女人。于是我拼命地把她怜爱。我想她有点看不起我，因为我高兴得不可名状，有时还服侍她在床上吃早餐呢！她一切都不管，当我工作回来时，没有一顿象样的晚餐是常有的事，要是我说个不是，她便闹将起来。以毒攻毒，我也不让，她把个茶杯向我头上飞过来。我扼着她了的颈项，把她窒得魂出七窍。如此这般地继续下去。她很傲慢地对待我。事情弄得我要她进，她永不让我，永不，她者是拒绝我，粗野得不成话。她简直使我厌恶极了，使我再也不要她了。那时她却狐狸似地要我了，我只好屈服。我老是迁就。但是当我们干起来时，她却永不和我一块享受，永不！她只是等待，要是我忍过半点钟，她忍得更久。当我完毕了时，那么她便开始干她的，我得在她里面一直等到她完事，嘴里呼号着，全身摆荡着，她下面的那个地方钳紧着，钳紧着，然后失了魉心的舒畅。于是她说：好极了！渐渐地，我觉得讨厌了而她呢，却愈来愈坏，她渐渐地更不容易得到完毕了。她在那下面撕扯着我，仿佛她那儿有个尖喙似地撕扯着我，天哟！人家以为女人那下面是柔软得象一颗无花果，但是我告诉你，那些老贱妇的两腿间有个尖喙，直把你撕扯得忍无可忍为止。我！我！我！她们只想着她们自己，撕扯着、呼号着。她们还说男子是自私的；但是男于的自私，较之这种一旦成了习惯后的妇人的盲目的撕扯，恐有天壤之别罢。好象个老娼妓！她却是无可奈何的。我对她说起过，我告诉她我多么厌恶那样。而她却也情意试一试改过来。她评着静静地躺着，一切工作都让我。她试着；但是那是没有用的。我的工作，她么点儿感觉都没有。她得自己动作，磨她自己的咖啡，这一来她又得开始那一套了。她非要她自己放肆不可，扯着，撕着，扯着，撕着，仿佛她身上只有她那尖喙上有感觉，只有那磨擦着撕扯着的尖喙的顶上有感觉。人说，老淫妇便是那样，这是她的一种卑下的固执性。一种嗜酒的妇人的疯狂的固执性。好，到了后来我忍不住了。我们分床睡了，这是她自己开始的，当她到了脾气发作的时候，而想不要我的时候，她说我眶待她，于是她要自己一个人一间卧室。但是后来，我不许她进我房子里来的日子到了，我再也不要她了。 + + "我恨这一切。她呢，她也恨我，我的上帝，那孩子出世以前她多么恨我！我常想这孩子是她在恨中得的胎。虽然，孩子生后，我便不理她了，以后大战来了。我入了伍，我直至探明她和史行业门的一个家伙拼上了才回来的。" + + 他停住了。脸孔是苍白的。 + + "史德门的那个人是怎样的一个人？"康妮问道。 + + "一个有点孩子样的大汉子，满口秽言的。她凌眶他，并且他们俩口儿都喝酒。" + + "唉！假如她回来的话！" + + "呵，我的上帝！那我便得走，我得重新隐没！" + + 两人静默了一会，火上的像片已经烧成灰烬了。 + + "这样看来。"康妮说："你真得到了需要你的妇人后，不久你便觉得腻了。" + + "是的，大概是的！虽然是这样，我却宁愿白黛面不愿那些水不永不的女子；那种我年青时候的纯洁的爱人，那种有毒气的百合花，和基耸。" + + "其他？" + + "其他？没有什么其他的，不过，经验告诉我，大部分的妇人都是这样；她们需要一个男子，但是不要性爱。她们忍受着，仿佛那是恶命中不得不忍受的事。再旧式一点的，她们便象木头似的，躺在那儿任你冲撞事后她们也不关心。她们喜欢你，但那件事的本身，对她们是没有什么的。只是有点无味罢了。大多数的男子倒喜欢这样，我却讨厌，但是有一种奸诈的妇人，她们虽然也是一样，却假装不一样，她们表面上似乎狂热，似乎消魂不禁，但实际上只是一套把戏，只是装模作样罢了……其次是那些什么都爱的，什么样的感觉。什么样的抚爱，什么样的滋味，无所不爱，就是不爱自然的那一种。她们常常使你在唯一享受的地方以处的地方去享受。……还有是一种坚硬的女子。想使她们享受真是上天般难，她们是要自力享受的，正如我的女人一样，她们要站在主动者的地位。……还有是里面简直了的，全死了的，她们自己也知道，科学还有是那种没有到期就使你草率了事，然后她们继续着靠紧你的大腿，簸动着她们的腰，直至她们自己完毕为止的。她们大多数都是搞同性恋式的，世上多少妇人，有意识的，或无意识地，都是属于搞同性恋式的，真令人惊异，我觉得她们差不多全部是这一类。" + + "你觉得厌恶么？"康妮问道。 + + "我觉得她们都该杀！当我碰到一个真正的搞同性恋式的妇人时，我心里咆哮着，想把她杀死。" + + "你怎么对付呢？" + + "走开，愈快愈好。" + + "但是你以为搞同性恋式的妇人，比有同性爱癖的男子更要不得么？" + + "是的，我以为更要不得。因为她们给我的苦头更大。在理论上，我倒不说，当我遇到一个搞同性恋式的妇人时，不论她自己知道不知道，我便要发狂，不，不，我再也不想和任何妇人有什么来往了，我要自己孤守着，我要守着我的孤独和我的高洁。" + + 他脸色苍白地理着眉头。 + + "你遇着我了，你觉得懊悔么？"她问道。 + + "我懊悔而又高兴。" + + "现在呢？" + + "现在，我忧惧外边的不可避免的种种纠纷，种种诽谤，种种丑恶，这种种迟早是要来到的，当我气馁的时候，我是沮丧的，但是当我气盛的时候，我又觉得快乐了。甚至觉得胜利了。我没有遇到你以前，正是我日见苦恼的时候，我想人世间再也没有真天上的性爱了。再也没有真正地、自然地和一个男子在肉感上共鸣的妇人了。有的只是黑种女子……不过我们是白人，黑人却有点象一团泥。" + + "现在呢，你高兴我么？"她问道。 + + "是的！当我能忘掉其作瓣时候，当我不能忘掉其作田时候，我便想躲在桌子下面去死。" + + "为什么在桌子下面呢？" + + "为什么？"他笑了起来，"去捉迷藏呢，孩子！" + + "你对于女子的经验，似乎真的太坏了。"她说。 + + "那是因为我不能自欺的缘故，在这一点上，多数的男子却能做到。他们采择一种态度，接受欺骗。我呢，我决不能自欺，我知道我所求于一个女子的是什么，如果没有得到，我决不能说我得到了。" + + "但是你现在得到了么？" + + "象是得到了。" + + "那么你为什么这样苍白而抑郁？" + + "往事太多了，或者也因为我怕自己。" + + 她静默的坐着，夜渐渐深了。 + + "你觉得男女之事是重要的么？"她问道。 + + "在我。那是重要的，在我，如果我能够和一个女子发生适当的关系，那是我生命中最重要的事。" + + "假如你不能呢？ + + "那么我便只好没有。" + + 她沉思了一下，然后问道： + + "你相信你一向对待女子没有过错误的地方么？" + + "天哟，不！我的女人弄到那步田地，大半是我的错，是我使她变坏的，我是个很狐疑的人，你将来便会晓得的，要我对谁深信起来，那是件难事，晤，也许我自己也是个令人失望的人，我狐疑着。真正的温情却是不客人误认的。" + + 她望着他。 + + "当你血气沸腾的时候，你不狐疑你的肉体吧。"她说："那时你不狐疑吧，是不是？" + + "唉，是的！我的一切烦恼就是那样得来的，这也便是我的心所以如此狐疑的缘故。" + + "让你的心狐疑去吧，这有什么要紧！" + + 狗儿不安地在席了叹了气，炉火给灰炉掩着，弱了起来。 + + "我们是一对被打败了的战士。"康妮说。 + + "你也被打败了么？"他笑着说："现在我们又上前线再战去了！" + + "是的！我真有时怕。" + + "是么！" + + 他站起来，把康妮的鞋拿去烘干，把他自己的擦了一擦，也放到火边去，明天早上他将加点油去把它们擦亮了，他搅着火，把纸灰搅了下去，"甚至烧化了都肮脏。"他说，接着他拿了一些柴枝放在火架上，预备早上烧的，然后他带了狗儿出去了一会。 + + 当他回来时，康妮说： + + "我也要出去一会儿。" + + 她独自的到黑暗的外边去，那是个繁星之夜，在夜气里，她闻着花香，她觉得她温的鞍更加湿了，但是她觉得想走开，一直的走开，远离着他，远离着一切的人。 + + 外面是冷的。她战栗着回到屋里去，他正坐在半熄了的炉火面前。 + + "呵，冷呀！"她战栗着。他添了些柴枝，再去取了些柴枝，直至一炉子满是熊熊的火焰，发着劈拍声，跳跃着飞腾着的火焰，使他们俩都快活起来，温暖着他们的脸和他们的灵魂。 + + 看见他静默地、疏远地坐着，她握着了他的手："不要愁，一个人只好尽力做去。" + + "是的！"他叹了口气，苦笑着。 + + 她挨近着他，依在他的两臂里。 + + "忘掉它吧！"她细声说："忘掉它罢！" + + 在火的奔流的热力中，他抱紧着她。火焰本身就象一种忘记。还有她的柔媚的、温热的、成熟的重量！慢慢地，他的血流转变了。开始有力量，有生气，而且猛勇了。 + + "也许那些女人在心底里是想亲近你，并且好好地爱你的，不过她们也许不能。也许那不全是她们的过失罢。"她说。 + + "我知道，我自己曾经是一条被蹂躏的断了脊骨的蛇，你以为我不知道么？" + + 她突然紧紧地依着他。她本来不愿再提起这一切了；但是一种恶作剧的念头在推着她。 + + "但是你现在不是那样了。"她说："你再也不是一种被蹂躏的断了脊骨的蛇了。" + + "我不知道现在我怎样，前头还有黑暗的日子里。" + + "不！"她紧依着他抗议说，"为什么，为什么？" + + "我们的一切，我们每个人，都将有黑暗的日子来到。"他用-种预言家的忧郁口气重新说道。 + + "不！不要说这种话！" + + 他静默着，但是她可以觉着他的里面有一个失望的黑洞在。一切欲，望，一切爱，都在那儿死了：人们的心灵便迷失在他们里面的这种失望的黑窖中。 + + "你这么冷酷地说着性爱。"她说，"你那种说法，仿佛你只求你个人的快乐，和你个人的满足似的。" + + 她兴奋地起来反抗他了。 + + "不！"他说："我想从一个女人那里得到我的快乐和满足，介一我却从未得到，因为我决不能得到我的快乐和满足，除非她同时从我这儿得到她的。那是从来没有实现过的事，那是要两两相承的。" + + "但是你就从来没有信任过你所有的女人，实际上你是连我也不信任的。"她说。 + + "我不懂信任女人是什么意思。" + + "你瞧！坏处就在这儿。" + + 她依旧在他的膝上蜷伏着。但是他的心是飘忽的，不在的，他不是理会她的时候，她所说的话，只是把她驱得更远。 + + "毕竟你信任什么？"她坚持着说。 + + "我不知道。" + + "什么也不信。和我所认识的男子一样。"她说。 + + 他们沉默了。然后他兴奋起来说： + + "是的，我相信点什么东西的。我相信要有温热的心。我相信假如男子们在性交的时候有温热的心，女子们用温热的心去接受。一切全好了。那种种心冷意谈的性交，都是愚味的死把戏。" + + "但是你不心冷意淡地和我性交罢？"她说。 + + "我现在一点儿都不想和你性交，此刻我的心正冷得象冷番薯似的。" + + "呀；"她吻着他，笑地谈地说："让我们这冷番薯来焖一焖罢。" + + 他笑了起来，拯直着身子说： + + "那是真的，一切都要有点温热的心儿。可是女人们却不喜欢。甚至你也不真正喜欢。你喜欢舒服的、剧烈的、尖锐的、心冷意谈的那种性交，然后你却说那是甜得密似的。你哪儿有什么对我的柔情？你对我狐疑得象一只猫对一只狗似的。我告诉你：即使想有温热的心和柔情，也得有两造才行。你爱性交，那是不待言的了。但是你却想把这玩意儿加上个什么都丽神妙的名堂，去诌媚你的自尊心。在你看来，你的自尊心，是比无论那个男于，是比男女关系更重要的。" + + "但这恰恰是我所要责备你的地方。你的自尊心是大于一切的。" + + "那么，好罢！不要再谈了！"他说着。想站起来，"让我们各行其素罢。我宁愿死，而不愿再干那心冷意淡的性交了。" + + 她离开了他，他站了起来。 + + "你以为我又愿意么？"她说。 + + "我希望你也不愿。"他答道，"无论怎样，你到楼上去睡罢．我就在这楼下睡好了。" + + 她望着他。他是苍白的，两眉深锁着，他好象北极一般的远离着她。男子们都是一样的。 + + "没有到早晨我不能回去。"她说。 + + "不！到楼上睡去，现在是一点差一刻了。" + + "我不支，我一定不去。"她说。 + + 他走过去拿起他的鞋"好，我要出去！"他说。 + + 他开始在穿鞋。她呆呆地望着他。 + + "等一等！"她支吾着说："等一等！我们究竟怎么了？" + + 他弯身系着他的鞋带，没有回答。时间过着，康妮觉得一阵黑，象要晕眩了，她的意识全失了，她呆呆地站在那儿，圆睁着眼睛望着他，一切知觉都失了。 + + 这种静寂使他抬起头来，看见他圆睁的眼睛，迷失着的样子，好象一阵狂风打着她，他把她抱在怀里，紧紧地拥着，他觉得全身都疼痛起来，他抱着她；她让他抱着。 + + 他的手盲目地探摸着她，直至探摸到了她衣裳下面那又又暖的地方。 + + "我的小人儿！"他用土话喃喃地说："我的小人我和！我们不斗气罢！让我们永不要斗气罢！我爱您，我爱抚触您。别和我争执！不！不！不！让我们和好在一块儿罢。" + + 她抬头望着他。 + + "不要烦闷。"她镇地说："烦闷是没有用的。你真是想和我在一块儿么？" + + 她宽大而镇静的眼睛望着他的脸。他停住手，突然地静默起来，脸回避着。但是他的身体并没有避开。 + + 然后他回过头来，向她眼里望着，脸上带着他那古怪的讽否则的苦笑说："是的！让我们和好在一块儿，誓不相分！" + + "是真的么？"她说，两眼充满着眼泪。 + + "是的，真的！心和腹和阳具都和您在一块儿。" + + 他一边望着她，一边微笑着，眼里有一种讽刺的晶光，还带了一种苦味。 + + 她忍声地哭泣着，他在炉火前的地毡上，和她躺了下去，并且进了她的里面，这样他们才得到了几分安静。然后他们迅速上楼就寝，因为夜气渐渐地寒冷起来了。而且他们都互，相弄得疲乏极了。她小鸟儿似地依在他的怀里，他们立刻入睡，深深地人了同五的睡乡里，这样，他们安睡着，直至太阳出林梢，直至白日开始的时候。 + + 然后他醒了，望着日光，听着垂帘的窗外，山茑鸦和画眉在村中噪叫，这定将是个眼朗的早晨。约莫五点半了，这是他平日起床的时候，他夜来睡得多熟；这是多么新鲜的日子！女人还在温甜地、蜷伏地睡着。他的手抚着她，她睁开了她那又蓝又惊异的眼睛，朦胧地向她微笑着。 + + "他醒了么？"她说。 + + 他向她的眼里望着，他微笑着吻着她，突然地，她清醒了坐了起来。 + + "想不到我竟在这儿呢！"她说。 + + 她向那粉白的小房子四下望着，天花板是倾斜的，屋角的窗户，白帘垂着；房子里空空地，只有一个黄色的衣柜、一把椅子和那张好必他睡着的小白床。 + + "想不到我们竟在这儿呢！"她一边说，一边俯望着他。他躺在那儿，痴望着她，在她的薄薄的睡衣下，爱抚着她的乳房。当他这样温热地横陈着的时候，他显得年轻而美貌。他的眼睛竟是这么温暖！她呢，她是鲜艳面听轻得象一枝花一样。 + + "我要你把这个脱了！"他一边说，一边掀起了她的薄薄的细麻的睡衣。从她头上脱了下来，她坐在那儿，裸露着两肩。和两只有点垂长而带金色的乳房，他喜欢把她的乳房象吊钟似的轻轻摇着。 + + "你也得把你的衣裤脱了。"她说。 + + "呵！不！" + + "要！要！"她命令道。 + + 他把棉布的旧短褂脱了，把长裤推了下去，除了手里和手腕、脸和颈以外，他是一乳一般的白，他的优美的肤肉是幼嫩而有筋节的。骤然地，康妮重新觉得他的刺人的美，正如她那天午后看见他洗身的时候一样。 + + 金阳晒在白色的垂帘上，她觉得太阳正想进来。 + + "呵！让我们把窗帘打开罢！鸟儿唱着真高兴！我们让太阳进来罢！"她说。 + + 他走下床去，背向着康妮，赤棵裸地，又白又瘦，身子有时前倾，定到窗边，他把窗帘拉开了，向外边望了一会，他的背是白嫩的色的，优美的，却又是有力的。 + + 在这纤细的美妙的肉体里，有着一种内在的，而非外在的力量。 + + "你真美哟！"她说，"这么纯洁而美妙！来罢！"她伸着两臂。 + + 他不好意思向她回转身去。因为他的赤裸肉体正在兴奋着。 + + 他在地上拾起了他的衬衣，遮掩着前身向她走了过去。 + + "不！"她说。她依旧伸着纤细而美丽的两臂挺着两只下坠的乳房。"让我看看你！" + + 他让衬衣坠了下去，木立着向她着望。阳光从矮窗射了进来，照着他的大腿，和纤小的小腹，和昂挺的法乐士，在一小朵金赤色的发亮的毛丛中，黑幽比寺，温热热地举了起来，她觉得惊愕而羞怕。 + + "多么奇怪！她缓缓地说，"它在那儿的样子多么奇怪！这样大！这样黝黑而镇定！可不是么？" + + 男子俯望着他的纤细而白嫩的前身，他笑了。在他纤细的两乳间；毛色是暗的，差不多黑的，但是在小腹下那法乐士举起的地方，浓浓地一小丛的毛色是金赤的，发亮的。 + + "这么骄傲！"她不安地，喃喃地说："并且这么威风现在我明白为什么男子们都这么专横了！可是它的确是可有宾，好象它有它自己的生命似的！有点让人生怕，可是的确可爱！并且它是向我来呢！……"她咬着她的下唇，又惊怕又兴奋。 + + 男子沉默地望着那紧张的"法乐士"。一"是的。"他最后细声地用着土话说："是的，我的儿哟！您在那儿还不错呢。您可以昂首面无畏！您在那儿优游自得，毫不求人！您是不是我的主人，约翰·多马士？您是我的主人么？喂，约翰·多马士，您比我更生动，您比我寡言：您想她么？您想我的珍奴夫人么？您又使我沉沦了，好家伙！是的，您笑迷迷地高举起来。那么去问她罢！去问珍奴夫人罢！您说：呵，门哟，把你的门据开了罢，光荣的君主要进来了！呵，您不害羞的东西，您所要的便是一个孔。告诉珍奴夫人说您要一个孔。约翰·多马士，和珍奴夫人的孔！……" + + "呵，不要椰榆它！"康妮一边说，一边跪在床上向他爬了过平均来，她的两管环抱着他的自晰的细腰。把他拉了近去，这样她的下坠而摇荡着的乳房，触着了那骚动挺直的"法乐士"的头，并且杂着了那滴润液，她紧紧地搂着那男子。 + + "躺下！"他说："躺下去！让我来！" + + 他现在急起来了。 + + 当他们完毕了后，当他们十分静息下来的时候，妇人重新要去发现男子，去瞧瞧那，法乐士"的神秘。 + + "现在它是继小而柔软了，象一个生命的小蓓蕾似的！"她一边说，一边把那柔软的小阴茎握在手里。"可不是可爱么！这么自由不愿，这么奇异并且这么天真！宽进我进得这么深！你知道，你决不要去得罪它。它也是我的！它不单是你的！它是我的！这么可爱，这么天真！"她温柔地把那阴茎握在手里。 + + 他笑着。 + + "祝福那结合我们的心于同一之爱的连结。"他说。 + + "当然啦！"她说。"甚至当它柔软而继小的时候，我都觉得我的心全部在联系着它，并且你这儿的多么好看！多么，多么异样！ + + "那是约翰·多马士的毛，不是我的毛！"他说。 + + "约翰·多士马！约翰·多马士！"她迅疾地吻着那预柔软的，但是开始颤动起来的阴茎。 + + "是的！"男子一边说，一边好象痛苦地在伸展着他的身子，"它的根蒂是生在我的灵魂里的，那好家伙！有时我不知把它怎么样好。它是个固执的东西，不容易得它的欢心的，可是我却不愿失掉它。" + + "无怪乎男子们总是惧怕它了！"她说："它是够可怕的。" + + 男子觉得全身起着一种战栗，同时，意识之波涛又换了方向，朝向下面去了。他觉得软弱无力，同时他的阴茎，慢慢地温柔地、一波一波地膨胀，上升，举起，坚硬起来，奇异地在那儿高耸着，挺直而傲慢。妇人一边瞻望着，一边也觉得战栗起来。 + + "好！拿去罢！它是您的。"男子说。 + + 她战栗着，她的心溶解了。当他进去时，不可名状的快乐之波涛，激烈地、温柔地荡漾着她，一种奇异的、惊心动魄的感觉开始开展着，开展着，直到最后、极度的、盲目的汜流中，她被淹没而去了。 + + 他听见了远远的史德门在发着七点钟的号笛声，那是礼拜一的早晨，他有点害怕起来，他把脸孔埋在他的两只乳房间。让她软软的两只乳房掩着他的耳朵，好使他听不见。 + + 她却没有听见，她沉静地躺着，她的灵魂象洗过般了的晶洁。 + + "您得起来了，不是么？他喃喃地说。 + + "几点钟了？"她无情打彩的声音问道。 + + "七点钟的号笛响过了。" + + "是的，我想我得起来了。" + + 她和平常一样，对于这种迫人的外界，不禁激怒起来。 + + 他坐了起来，失神地向窗外望着。 + + "你真的爱我，是不是？"她安静地问道。 + + 他望着她。有点烦燥地说： + + 您知道我爱您。还要问什么呢？ + + "我要你留着我，不要让我走了。"她说。 + + 他的眼睛笼罩着一种温热而柔媚的暗影，毫不能思索。 + + "什么时候？现在？" + + "现在把我留在你的心里，我愿不久便来和你永久同居。" + + 他赤裸裸地坐在床上，低着头，不能思索什么。 + + "你不愿意那样么？"她问道。 + + "愿意的！"他说，然后他那幽暗的眼睛，带着另一种羞不多象睡寐似的意识的火焰，望着她。 + + 现在什么都不要问我。"他说，"让我就这样吧，我喜欢您，我爱您，当您躺在那儿的时候，女子是个可爱的东西。如果人能深深地进她，如果她有个好孔。我爱您，您的大腿，您的姿态，您的女性，我爱您的女性。我整个心整个睾丸都爱您。可是现在什么都不要问我。不要迫我说什么，以后您什么都可以问。现在让我就这样吧，让我就这样吧！" + + 温柔地，他把手放在她的爱神的山上，放在那温软的褐色的毛丛上，他静静地、赤裸地坐在床上，他的人掸似的静定的脸孔，差不多象个佛像，在另一种意识的不可见的火焰中，呆本地坐着，他的手放在她的身上，等待着转机。 + + 过了一会，他取了衬衣穿上，默默地、迅疾地穿好了外面的衣服，向赤裸裸地横陈在床上，釉烂得象个第戎的光荣"的她望了一眼，走了，她听见他走下楼去把门打开了。 + + 她躺在那儿冥想着，冥想着。唉！真是不容易走开！从他的怀里走开！他在楼梯下面喊道："七点半了！"她叹息着走下床来。呵！空洞洞的小房子！除了小衣杠和小床外。空无他物。可是楼板是擦得光亮的。近看穿边的角落里，有个小书架，下面有些书是从巡回图书馆借来的。好了一看，有的关于苏俄的，有的是游记，一本是记原于与电子的，一本是研究地层及地震原因的，此外是几部小说，还有三本关于印度的书，这样看来，他是个嗜好读书的人呢！ + + 太阳从穿上进来，晒着她的赤裸裸的四肢。他看见狗儿佛萝西在外面徘徊着，绿茸茸的蕨草下面，是些深绿色的水银菜。那是个清朗的早晨，鸟儿翩翩着，胜利地歌唱着。呵，要是她可以留在这儿！要是没有那另外的烟雾与铁的可怖的世界！要是他能替她创造个世界！ + + 她向那壁立而狭小的楼梯下去。假如这所房于是在一个隔绝的世界中的话，有这所小房子她一定要觉得满足了。 他已经梳洗过了，炉火正在燃着。 + + "你想吃点什么东西么？"他说。 + + "不！借个梳子给我好了。" + + 她跟他到厨房后间里去，在后门边的一块小镜子面到把头发梳好了。现在她准备要走了。 + + 她站在有的小花园里，望着那些带的花，一圃灰灰的石竹花都已经含蕾了。 + + "我直愿此外的世界全都消灭了。"她说；"并且和你同住在这儿。" + + "那世界是不会消灭的。"他说。 + + 他们穿过那可有宾带露的树林，差不多没有说话，可是他们是在一个他们所独有的世界中相储着。 + + 回到勒格贝去，于她是苦痛的事呵。 + + "我但愿不久便来和你完全同居。"她在离开他的时候说。 + + 他只是微笑着没有回答。她安然地回到家里，回到她楼上的寝室里去，并没有人看见她。 + + + + 第十五章 + + 早餐的时候，一封希尔达的信放在托盘上。 + + "爸爸这个礼拜要到伦敦去，我将于六月十七日礼拜四那天到你那里。你得准备好，我们随即出发，我不想在勒格贝多留，那是个可怕的地方。我大概要在勒霍的高尔门家里过夜；所以我礼拜四便可到你那边午餐。我们在午后茶点的时候便启终，晚上或在格兰森宿一宵，和克利福过一个晚上是没有好处的。因为假如他不喜欢你走，那于他是没有趣的事。" + + 好！她又棋盘上给人摆布着了。 + + 克利福是大大不喜欢她走的，原因只是因为她走了，他便要觉得不"安全"。她在的时候，不知怎么的，他便觉得安全，便觉得可以自由自由地做他的事，他常到煤炕里去，勾心斗角地去求解决那些差不多不能解决的问题，如怎样用最经济的方法去采煤，然后出卖。他知道他应该找个方法去用自己的煤，或者把煤炼成其他的东西，这样他才不必拿出去卖，更不必为没有销路发愁，但是，假如他把煤变成了电力，他自己又用得着么，或卖得了么？至于把煤化成油，此刻还是件太花钱而且不容易的事，要维持工业的生命，便需要创造新的工业，那象是一种狂病。是的，那是一种狂病，非得一个狂人是成功不了的。 + + 晤，他不是有点儿狂么？康妮这么想。她觉得他对于故务的热切和锐敏也是疯狂的表现；甚至他的感奋本身也是疯狂的感奋。 + + 他对她说着他的伟大的计划，她只惊讶地听着，让他独自说去。一堆废话说完了后，他翻转头去听无线电放音机，失神似的一句话不说。无疑地，他的计划象梦一般的隐退了。 + + 现在，每天晚上，他和波太太在丘八们所玩的"潘东"牌，并且是赌六便士的。在这方面他也是一样，他一边赌着，一边还迷失在一种无意识的境界里，或一种失神的沉醉里或沉醉的失神里，反正一样，康妮看了真觉难受。可是她回到楼上就寝以后，他和波太太有时还要赌到早上二三点，安然地，怪沉溺地赌。波太太溺命不亚于克利福；她越沉溺，她使差不多输得越多。 + + 她有一天对康妮说："那晚我输了二十三个先令给克利福男爵。" + + "他受了你的钱么？"康妮惊愕地问道。 + + "为什么，当然啊，夫人！那是荣誉债呢?" + + 康妮严历地遣责他们两个。结果是克利福把波太太的年薪加了一百镑；她赌的钱也有了。同时，康妮觉得克利福日见死气沉沉了。 + + 她最后告诉他，她十七号定了。 + + "十七！"他说，"什么时候回来？" + + "最迟是七月二十号左右。" + + 他怪异地、失神地望着她，飘忽得象一个孩子似的，但又奸诡形象一个老人一样。 + + "你现在不会把我丢弃了吧，是不是？"他说。 + + "怎么？" + + "当你走了以后，我的意思是说，你一定会回来吧？" + + "没什么都一定，我将要回来的。" + + "是的！好！七月二十！" + + 他很怪异地望着她。可是他实在是愿意她走的，那是奇怪的。他的确愿意她走，愿意她有点小浪漫史，也她许怀了个胎回来呢。而同时，她这一定，却又使他害怕…… + + 她战栗着，她等待着完全脱离他的时间，等待着时机，等待着她自己、他自己的成熟。 + + "那么当我回来的时候，我可以告诉克利福我要离开他。你和我便可以出走。他们决不必知道是和你走的，我们可以到外国去，是不是？到非洲去或澳洲去。你想怎样？" + + 她这个计划使他很兴奋。 + + "你从来没有到过殖民地去则不是？"他问道。 + + "没有！你呢？" + + "我到过印度，南非和埃及。" + + "为什么不让我们到南非去呢？" + + "是的，为什么不？"他慢慢地说。 + + "也让你不想到那儿去罢？"她问道。 + + "那于我是无所谓的，怎样我都无所谓的。" + + "那不便你快乐么？为什么不呢？我们不会穷的。我一年约莫有六百镑的入息，我已经写信去问过了，这数目并不多，但是也够了，是不是？" + + "于我这是很富裕了。" + + "啊，那时就快乐了！" + + "可是我应该离了婚，而你也应该离了婚才行，否则我们便要有麻烦了。"要考虑的事情有多着呢。 + + 另一天，她差别些关于他自己的事情。那时他们是在小屋里。外面正在雷雨交加。 + + "从前你是一位中慰，一位晕官，而又是一位贵绅的那个时候，你是不是快乐的？" + + "快乐？是的。我喜欢我的那位上校。" + + "你爱他不？" + + "是的，我爱他。" + + "他呢，他爱你不？" + + "是的！从某方面讲，他是爱我的。" + + "说点他的事情我听罢。" + + "有什么好说？他是行伍出身的。他爱军队生活。他没有结过婚。他比我大二十岁。他是个很聪明的人，在军队里很少与人往来，这种人便是这样的，他是个热情的人，并且是个很聪明的军官。我和他在一起的时候，我是在他的迷惑之下生活的。我让他指挥着我的生活，这点我是永久不会懊悔的。" + + "他死了以后。你觉得很痛苦吧？" + + "我自己都差不多死去了，但是当然恢复了原状时，我明白了我的一部分是死去了，但是我一向就知道那终是要一死了结的。其实，什么东西不终是一死了结！" + + 她沉思着。外面雷声轰响。他们好象是在一只烘芒时代的巨舟内。 + + "你的过去好象有无限的事。"她说。 + + "是么？我觉得我已经死过一两次了，可是结果我还在这儿偷生着，而且准备接受种种烦恼。" + + "你的上校死了以后，你觉得你的军官和贵绅的生活是幸福的么？" + + "不！我的同伴们都是一些蠢才。"他突然笑了起来，"上校常常说：孩子哟，英国的中等级的人每口东西都得咀嚼三十回，因为，他们的食道太狭，只要一粒小豆子便要把他们窒塞。他们都是一些女性的可怜虫，虚荣而骄傲，甚至鞋带松了也要大惊小怪的。他们腐烂的象猫兽的肉，而且常常是自以为对的。我之所以不上进也便为此，这些磕头，磕头，舐屁股舐到舌硬了的东西，常常是自以为对的。他们尤其是些装模作样假道学，假道学！全是些只有半个睾丸的女性的假道学。每个——" + + 康妮笑了起来，外面的雨在倾盆地下着。 + + "他恨他们！" + + "不！"他说，"他是不屑去恨他们的，他只是讨厌他们罢了，那是有个分别的。因为，据他说，连丘八们现在都变成一样假道学，一样半睾丸，一样食道狭小的人了。这种情形是人类的命运。" + + "晋通的群众，工人们，也一样么？" + + "一模一样，他们的血气都死了。他们所剩下的一点，都给汽车、电影院和飞机吮吸了，相信我：一代人比一代人更不象样了，食道是橡胶管做的，脸和两腿是马口铁做的，这是马口铁做的群众！一种牢固的波尔雪维克主义正在消灭着有人性的东西，而崇拜着机械的东西。金钱，金钱，金钱！所有现代的人只有个主意，使是把人类古老的人性的感情消灭掉，把从前的恶当和大显身夏娃切成肉装酱。他们都是！样，世界随处都是一栗：把人性的真实性杀了，每条阴茎一金镑，每对睾丸两金镑！什么是孔，还不是性交的工具！随处都是一样。给他们钱，叫他们去把世界的阳具割了。绘他们钱，钱，钱，叫他们人类的血气消灭掉，只剩下一些站立不稳的小机械。" + + 他从城那小屋里，脸上笼罩着讥讽的神气，虽然是这样，他还留着一只耳朵听着外面林中的暴风雨声，那暴风雨声使他觉得非常孤寂起来。 + + "但是，那一切不会有个了结么？"她说。 + + "是的，当然，世界将会自己解救出来，当最后的一个真正的人被消灭了以后，当所有的人都被驯服了，白种人、黑种人、黄种人，各色人种都成了驯服的畜生，那么一切都会痴愚起来。因为健全的心地是植根于睾丸之内的。他们都将痴愚起来，并且将举行伟大的火焚刑。你知道火焚刑便是一种宗教仪式么？好，他们将举行他们伟大的宗教仪式；他们将互相成为献祭品。" + + "你的意思是说他们将互相残杀么？" + + "是的，亲有宾！要是我们照现在这样生活下去，那么在百年以内，这岛上的人民将不到一万也许不是十个，他们将斯文一互相销毁。"隆隆的雷声渐渐地远了。 + + "那时多可爱！"她说。 + + "可爱极了！莫想着人类之消灭和消灭后其他的物类未产生以前的空洞，那是最足以静人心气的事情。要是我们这样继续下去，要是所有的人，知识分子，艺术家，统治者，工业家，工人，都继续着癫狂地消灭他们最后的有人性的感情，最后的一点直觉最后的的健全的本能；要是这样代数式的一步一步地继续下去，那么，人类便要休了！再见，爱人；蛇把自己蚕咽了而剩下一个空，乱纷纷的，但是并不是无望。可爱极了！一些凶悍的野狗将在勒格贝屋里面狂吠，一些凶悍的野马将在达娃斯哈的煤坑边践踏！tedeunlaudamns！" + + 康妮笑了起来，但不是很快乐的笑。 + + "他们既都是波尔雪维克主义者，那么你应该高兴了吧？你定觉得高兴地看着他们急忙忙地向着末日走去吧！" + + "的确！我不阻止他们，因为我虽想阻止他们也做不到。" + + "那么，为什么你这样悲伤呢？" + + "我并不悲伤！要是我的雄鸡作最后一次的啼喔，我也无所谓。" + + "但是假如你有个孩子呢？"她说。 + + 他低着头。 + + "怎么，"他终于说："我觉得在这种世界中让一个孩子出世，是件廖误而悲伤的事。 + + "不！不要这样说！不要这样说！"她恳求道，"我相信我要有个孩子了。告诉我你将快活吧。"她的手放在他的手上。 + + "你既觉得快活，我是快活的。"他说，"不过我却以为那是怪对不住那孩子的事。" + + "啊！不！"她愤激地说，"那足见你不真正要我！如果这有这种感觉，你不能真正要我的。" + + 他重新静默起来，脸孔沉郁着，外边只剩下雨打的声音了。 + + "我不太承认这话，"他低声地说，"我不太承认这话。我有我的苦衷。"她觉得他此刻所以悲伤的缘故，一部分是因为她要到威尼斯去了。这是使她高兴的。 + + 她把他的衣服拉开了，露出了他的小腹，她在他的肚脐上吻了一吻。然后她把脸颊依在他的小腹上，两臂环抱着他温暖而静艄的腰。他们在这洪荒世界中孤寂着。 + + "告诉我你实在想有一个孩子，你期待着！"她喃喃地说，她的脸孔在他的小腹上压着。"告诉我你想吧！" + + "嗨！"他最后含糊地说。她感觉得到那奇异的意识的转变与松懈，颤战着穿透他的身体。"我有时想，假如有人能在这儿的矿工们中间试一试！他们现在没有什么工作，而且人息又不多，假如有人能够对他们说：想想旁的事情去吧，不要光想钱了。假如只是为了需要。我们所需要的并不多。让我们不要为金钱而生话吧。……" + + 她的脸颊温柔地磨着他的小腹，并且把他的睾丸托在手里。柔柔地，那阴茎在颤动着，但没有坚挺起来，雨在外面急打着。 + + "让我们为旁的东西而生活。我们的唯一目的不要为找钱，无论为自己或为他人找钱。现在，我们是迫不得已：我们不得不替自己找一点点钱，而替主人找一大堆。让我们制止这种情境罢！一步一步地让我们制止着罢。我们不必狂暴。一步一步地，让我们把整个工业生活丢弃而到后面去。金钱，只要一点点便行了。其实，无论谁，你与我，工头主子们，甚至国王，只要一点点金钱便行了。只要有决心，你便可以从这纷乱中跳了出来。"他停了一会，然后继续道： + + "我将对他们说：瞧罢！瞧瞧老周！他一举一动多可爱！又生动又灵敏。他多美丽！再瞧瞧老张！他又笨又丑，那是因为他从不愿激励起来，现在瞧瞧你们自己罢！一肩高一肩低的，两腿弯曲，两脚弯曲，两腿走了样。你们做了什么来，你们的劳作使你们变成怎么了？你们把自己弄坏了。不必做那么多的工呢。把衣服脱了瞧瞧你们自己吧。你们本应当有生气而美丽的，而你们却是丑陋而死半死。我将这样告诉他们。而且我要使人们穿上另一件小而短的白衫。啊，假如男子们有了红色的漂亮的两腿，单这个就足以使他们在一个月内改变了。他们将重新变成真正的人，真正的人！女人们呢，她们要怎样穿便怎样穿。因为男人们一旦用那鲜红的两腿走起路来，短小的白衫后面，露着那可人的鲜红的屁股的时候，那时女人们便也要变成真正的女人了。那有因为男子不成男子，所以女人才不成女人。……然后，把达娃斯哈消灭了，而建筑几座美丽的建筑，以收容我们大家。再来把国爱各处收拾个干净。可是不要多生孩子，因为世界已经人口过剩了。 + + "但是我却不向人们说教；我只把他们的衣服剥去了，说：瞧瞧你们自己罢！这便是为金钱而工作的结果！瞧瞧！这便是为金钱而工作的结果！你们一向是为了金钱而工作时建立"起来的，瞧瞧你会的女人！她们不在乎你们。你们也不在乎她们。那是因为你们的时间只用在工作上和金钱的打算上。你们不能说话，不能活动，不能生活，你们不能和一个女人好好地在一起，你不能生活着，瞧瞧你自己罢！" + + 跟着是一阵死寂。康妮半听着，一边把她到小屋里来时在路上所采的几朵毋忘我，结在他小腹下的毛丛里，外面已变成静温而有点寒冷了。 + + "你有四样的毛，"她对他说。"你胸膛上的差不是黑色，你的头发是浅色，但是你的髭须是粗而深红，而你这儿的毛，爱情的毛，却象是一丛光耀的金红的芋刺，这是最好看的毛。" + + 他俯头望着，看见几朵乳白色的勿忘我在他胜利下的毛丛里。 + + "暖！这阴毛里正是个放勿忘我的好地方。但是，难道你不关心未来么？" + + "啊，我实在关心得很呢！"她望着他说。 + + "因为当我觉得人类的卑鄙龌龊到了无可救药的时候，我便觉得殖民地并不怎么远。甚至月亮也并不怎么远。因为在那儿，你回转头来便看得见杂在繁星之中的世界，又肮脏，又残忍，又乏味；被人类弄成卑鄙秽了。那时我觉得吞了一块胆，一肚子苦结着，只要有可以逃避的地方，无论哪里都不会怎么远。但是当我找到了个工作做着的时候，我却忘记了这一切，虽然，最近百年来，一部分人对于群众的行为是可耻的：人变成工作的昆虫了，他们所有的勇气，他们所有的真正生活，都被剥夺了，我定要把地球上的机器扫个干净，绝对地了结了工业的时代，好象了结了一个黑暗的错误一样，但是我既不能，并且也没有人能，我只好静静地过我的生活一假如我有生活可过的话，这倒是使我有时怀疑的。" + + 外面的雷声已停止了。但是雨却又倾盆地下起来，天上闪着最后的电光，还有一二声远远的沉雷，康妮觉得不太高兴地滔滔地说了这一大雄话而事实上只是对他自已说的，并不是对她说的。他仿佛给失望完全占据着了，面她呢，却觉得快铄，而憎恨失望。她知道他之所以重陷在这种心境里，是因为她要离开他了。是因为他心里刚刚体味了那种离情。她觉得几分得意起来。 + + 她把门打开了，望着外面的滂沱大雨，象一张钢幕似的。蓦然地她生了一个欲望，欲望着向这雨里飞奔，飞奔而去。她站了起来，急忙忙地脱掉了她的袜子，然后脱掉她的衣裳和内衣；他屏息望着她。她的尖尖的两只乳房，随着她一举一动而颤摆着。在那苍茫的光线里，她是象牙色的，她穿上了她的橡胶鞋，发了一声野性的痴笑，跑了出去，向着大雨挺着两乳，展着两臂朦胧地在雨里跳着她多年前在代斯德所学的谐和的舞蹈。那是个奇异的灰影，高着，低着，弯曲着，雨向她淋着，在她饱满的臀上发着亮，她重新起舞着，小腹向前在雨中前进，重又弯身下去，因此只见她的臀和腰向他呈献着，好象向他呈献着一种臣服之礼，一种野性的礼拜。 + + 他痴笑着，把他自己的衣服也脱了。那是令人难忍的！他裸着白析的身体，有点冷战着，向那急雨里奔了出去。佛萝西狂吠着飞跃在他的前头。康妮，湿透了的头发粘在她的头上，她回转了温热热的脸，看见了他。她的蓝色的眼睛，兴奋地闪着光，她奇异地开步向前狂奔，跑进林中的小径上，湿树枝儿绊打着她。她奔窜着，他只看得见一个圆而湿的头，一个湿的背脊，在逃遁中向前倾着，圆满的臀部闪着光，一个惊遁的妇人的美妙的裸体。 + + 她差不多要到那条大马路上去了，然后他才赶到了，赤裸裸的两臂抱着她，抱着她温软的、赤裸裸的腰身。她叫了一声，伸直着身体，把她整个柔软而寒冷的肉体，投在他的怀里。他癫狂地紧楼着，这柔软而寒冷的女性的肉，在交触里，瞬即变成火一般的暖热了。在雨倾盆地琳着他们，直至他们的肉体冒着蒸气。他把她可爱的沉重的两乳握在两手里，并且狂乱地紧压在他自己身上，在雨中战栗着，静默着，然后，突然地把她抱了起了，和她倒在那小径上，在雨声怒号的静谧中，迅速地，猛烈地，他占有了她，迅速地、猛烈地完毕，好象一只野兽似的。 + + 他立即站了起来，揩着眼上的雨水。 + + "回去。"他说：于是他们向着小屋奔去。他迅疾地一直走着：他不喜欢给雨打着。可是她却走得慢，采着毋忘我、野蝴蝶花和圆叶风铃草。走了几步，然后又停下来望着他走远了 + + 当她带着花，喘着气回到小屋里去时，她看见炉火已经燃上了，柴火在避拍地响着。她的尖尖的乳房，一高一低地荡动着，她的湿头发紧粘在她的头上，面孔鲜红，通身光亮。她圆睁的眼睛，喘着气，湿了的小小的头儿，饱满而天真的滴着水的脸部，她看起来象是另一个人似的。 + + 他取了张旧床布，从上至下擦着她，她象个孩子似的站着不动。然后，他把屋门关上了，再擦着他自己。炉火里火焰高冒着。她把床布一端包着她的头在擦着她的湿发。 + + "我们共用一条毛巾揩擦：这是吵嘴的预兆！"他说。 + + 她向他望了一会，她的头发是乱莲蓬的。 + + "不！"她说，圆睁着眼睛，"这并不是一条毛巾，这是一张床布呢。" + + 他们俩继续着忙碌地擦着头，刚才的那番运动，使他们还在喘息不休。他们各披了一张军毡，露着前身向着火，在火焰前一块大木头上并排地坐着静愁。康妮嫌恶那毡子披在皮肤上的感觉：不过床布又已经全湿了。 + + 她把毡子摆脱了，跪在炉火面前，伸着头在摇着，使头发干起来，他默望着她臀部的美丽的下垂曲线，他今天所心醉的就是那个。这曲线多么富丽地下垂到她沉重而圆满的两股上！ + + 在这两股间，深隐一神秘的温热中，便是那神秘的进口！ + + 他用手在她的背后爱抚着，缓缓地，微妙地，爱抚她臀部的曲线和饱满。 + + "您这后面多美丽，"他用那带喉音的、爱怜的土话的："那是人间最美丽的臀儿！那是最美丽的女人的臀儿！那上面一分一毫都是女人，纯粹的女人！您并不是那种臀儿钮扣似的女儿，她们该是些男孩子。可不是！您有一个真正的、柔软的、下倾的后臀，那是男子们所爱而使他们动心的东西，那是个可以负担世界的臀儿。" + + 他一边说，一边轻柔地爱抚着那圆满的后部，直至他觉得仿佛一种蔓延的火热，从那儿传到了他的手上，他的指尖触着了她身上的那两个秘密的孔儿，他用一种火似的拂掠的动作，摸了这个又摸那个。 + + "假如你撤点尿或拉点尿，我是高兴的。我不要一个不能拉屎的女人。" + + 康妮忍不住骤然地、惊愕地狂笑起来。但是他却不理她，继续着说： + + "您是真实的！啊！是！您是真实的，甚至有点儿淫野。这儿是您撤尿的地方，这儿是您拉屎的地方；我一只手儿盖着两处，我爱您这一切您有着一个的真正臀儿，怪骄傲的。它的确是可以骄傲面无愧的。" + + 他的手紧紧地压在她那两个秘密的地方，好象表示一种亲切的问候。 + + "我爱它！"他说："我爱它！假如我只有十分钟的命，可以去爱抚您这个臀儿，去认识它，我定要承认我活了一世了！您不明白？管什么工业制度！这是我生命中的一个伟大的日子。" + + 她回转身去，爬在他的膝上，紧依着他。 + + "亲吻我罢！她细声说； + + 她明白了他俩的心里都带着离情别意，最后她觉得悲伤起来了。 + + 她坐在他的大腿上，她的头依着他的胸膛。她象牙似的光耀的两腿，懒慵慵地分开着；炉里的火光参差地照着他们。仓他俯着头，在那火光里，望着她的肉体的折纹，望着她开着的两腿阐那褐色的阴毛。他伸手在后面桌上把刚才她采来的花拿了，这花还是湿的，几滴雨水滴在她的身上。 + + "这些花儿，刮风下雨都在外头，"他说："它们都是没有家的。" + + "甚至没有一间小屋！"她喃喃地说。 + + 他用幽静的手指，把几朵毋忘我花结在她那爱神山上的美丽的褐毛毛丛里。 + + "那儿！"，他说，"那儿使是毋忘我应该在的地方！" + + 她俯视着那些乳白色的小怪花儿，杂在她下身的褐色的阴毛丛里。 + + "多么好看地！"她说。 + + "好看得同生命一样。"她答道。 + + 他在那毛丛里添了一朵粉红色的野蝴蝶花的花蕾。 + + "那儿！那代表我，站在您这毋忘我的地方！那是荒苇丛中的摩西。" + + "我要离开你了，你不反对罢，是不是？"她不安地问道，仰望着他的脸。 + + 在那沉重的两眉下面，他的脸是失神的，不可思仪的。 + + "你有你的自由。"他说。 + + 他说起正确的英语来了。 + + "但是假如你不愿意我走的话，我便不走好了。"她紧依着他说。 + + 两人静默了。他俯着身在火上添了一块柴。火焰光耀着他静默而沉思的脸孔。她等着，但是他不说什么。 + + "不离开这里，我觉得那便是和克利福断绝的第一步。罗真想有个孩子。那给我一个机会去，去……"她正要说下去。 + + "去使我们相信一些谎话。"他说。 + + "是的，那也是事情的一种。难道你要他们知道真话么？" + + "他们相信什么我是不关心的。" + + "我却不然！我不愿创作他们用冰冷的心肠来对待我；至少是当我还在勒格贝的时候，当我决绝地走开了的时候，他们爱怎么想便可以怎么想了。" + + 他静默着。 + + "但是克利福男爵希望你一定要回来的么？" + + "啊，我得回来的。"她说，两人又静默起来。 + + "孩子呢，在勒格贝生么？"他问道。 + + 她的手臂紧揽着他的颈项。 + + "假如你不愿带我走的话，便不得不了。"她说。 + + "带你到哪儿去呢？" + + "哪儿都好！只要远远地远远地离开勒格贝。" + + "什么时候？" + + "怎么、当我回来的时候呀。" + + "但是你走了何必又回来呢？何必一件事分两次做呢？"他说。 + + 啊，我得回来的。我已经答应过了！我已经忠诚地答应过了。不过，其实我是为了你而回来的。" + + "为了你的丈夫的守猎人而回来？" + + "那又有什么关系呢？"她说。 + + "真的？"他沉思了一会，"那么你想什么时候决然再走呢？确定一个日子。" + + "啊，我不知道，当我从威尼斯回来以后，我们再准备一切。" + + "怎样准备！" + + "啊，我将一切都告诉克利福。我不得不告诉他。" + + "真的！" + + 他静默的。她的两臂紧紧地环抱着他的颈项。 + + "不要把事情弄得使我为难吧！"她恳求道。 + + "把什么事情弄得使你为难？" + + "我得动身到威尼斯去和以后应该安排的事情。" + + 他的脸上露着一种半苦笑的微笑。 + + "我不会把事情弄得使你为难的。"他说，"我只想知道你究竟抱的什么目的。可是你自己实际上也不知道。你只想延迟一下。走到远处去把事情端详一下。我并不责备你，我相信这是聪明的手段。你尽可以依旧做勒贝的主妇。我并不责备你的，我没有勒格贝来呈献给你。事实上，你知道我有什么东西好给你的。不，不，我相信你是对的！我实在相信你是对的！并且我是毫不想靠你生活，受你给养的。这也是得考虑的一件事。" + + 她不知道怎样，觉得他是报复似的。 + + "但是你要我，是不是？"她问道。 + + "你呢？你要不要我？" + + "你知道那是不用说的。" + + "好！你什么时候要我？" + + "你知道等我回来以后，我们便可以计划那一切的。现在我什么也说不上。我得镇静一下，清理一下。" + + "好！镇静你的清理你的去吧！" + + 她有时恼怒起来。 + + "但是你信任我吧，是不是？"她说。 + + "啊，绝对地！" + + 她听见他的声音里含着讥讽。 + + "请你告诉我吧，"她没精打彩地说，"你以为我不去威尼斯好些么？" + + "我断定你还是去威尼斯好，"他答道。他的声音是冷静的，有点讥讽的。 + + "你知道我下礼拜四便要去了么？"她说。 + + "是的！" + + 她现在沉思起来了，最后她说： + + "当我回来的时候，我们将更明白我们的情境是不是？" + + "啊，一定的！" + + 他们间隔着一种奇异的静默的深渊！ + + "我已经为了我离婚的事情去见过律师了。"他有点勉强地说。 + + 她微微战栗了一下。 + + "是么！"她说，"他怎么说？" + + "他说我早就该行事，现在也许要有困难了。可是因为我从军去了，所以他想是可以办得通的。只是不要案子一办她便跑回来就好了！" + + "她一定要知道么？" + + "是的！她将接到一张传票。和她同居的男子也是一样，他是共同被告。" + + "多么可憎，这种手续！我想我和克利福也得打这条路经过的。" + + 他们沉默了一会。 + + "当然啊，"他说，"我得在半年或八个月间过着一种模范生活。这一来，要是你到威尼斯去了，至少在两三个星期以内，我可以少掉一个引诱。" + + "我是个引诱么？"她爱抚着他的脸说，"我真高兴我竟是个引诱你的！让我们不要想它了吧！你一思索起来的时候，你便使我生怕；你便把我压扁了似的。让我们不要想它了吧！当我俩分离了的时候，我们想它的时间多着呢。这是最要紧的！我曾想过：在我动身以前，我无论如何得再和你共宿一宵。我得再到村舍里去一次。我礼拜四晚上来好么？" + + "但是那天你的姊姊不是要来么？" + + "是的！但是她说我们将在午后茶的时候动身。这样我们可以在那个时候动身，但是晚上她可以在旁的什么地方过夜，我呢，我到你家里来。" + + "但是那么一来，她得知道了？" + + "啊！我打算一切都告诉她。其实我已经多少告诉她了。她于我是很有用的，她是个老于世故的人呢。" + + 他考虑着她的计划。 + + "那么，你们将于午后茶的时候离开勒格贝，好象你到伦敦去似的，你们的路线怎样？" + + "经过诺汀汉和吉兰森。" + + "你的妹妹将把你在路上什么地方放了，然后你再走路或坐车回来么？我觉得这未免太冒险了。" + + "是么？好，以希尔达可以驶我回来。她可以在曼斯非德过夜，晚上把我带回来，早上再来找我。这是很容易的事。" + + "但是给人瞧见了呢？" + + "我会戴上避眼睛和面纱的。" + + 他沉思了一会。 + + "好。"他说，"随你喜欢吧，和通常一样。" + + "可是，你不觉得高兴么？" + + "啊,是的！高兴得很。"他有点冷酷地说，"打铁要趁热的时候打。" + + "你知道我心里想什么吗？"她忽然说，"那是我突然想起的，你是烫人的铁杵骑士！" + + "是的！你泥？你是红热的春臼夫人？" + + "是的。"她说，"是的！你是铁柞爵幸，我是春臼夫人。" + + "好，那么我竟被封起爵来了！约翰·多马士变成珍奴夫人的约翰爵士了。" + + "是的！约翰·多马士封了爵了！我是褐色阴毛爵士夫人。你也得挂上了几朵花才是呢！" + + 她在他金红色的阴毛丛中，结了两朵粉红色的蝴蝶花。 + + "啊！"她说，"美呀！美呀！约翰爵士！" + + 她又在他胸前暗色的毛里嵌了一朵毋忘我。 + + "你这儿不会忘掉我罢！"她吻着他的胸膛，把两朵毋忘我，在每只乳上粘了一朵，她再吻了吻她。 + + "把我当个日历罢！"他说着，笑了起来，胸前的花也坠了下来。 + + "等一会！"他说。 + + 他站了起来把小屋的门打开了。门廓里卧着的佛萝苯站了起来望着他。 + + "认得吗？这是我呢！"他说。 + + 雨停了。外边笼罩着-种潮湿的、芬芳的静寂。天色已近黄昏了。 + + 他向着林中小径走了下去。康妮望着他的白析而清瘦的形影。仿佛一个鬼影，一个幽灵似的，一步一步地向着远处飘涉当她看不见他的时候，她的心沉重起来。她站在那小屋的门里，被着一张毡子，默对着那湿润的固定的沉默。 + + 但是不久他便回来了，蹒跚地跑着，两只手里拿着一些花。她有点害怕他，仿佛他不太是一个人似的。当他靠近的时候，他望着她的眼睛，但她不懂他这种视线的意思。他带回来的是些楼斗菜花，野蝴蝶花，野袜草，橡树枝叶和一些含未放的耐冬花。他把橡树的柔软继校环系着她的两只乳房，再添了些圆叶风铃草和野蝴蝶花在上面；在她的肚脐上放了一朵粉红色的野蝴蝶花；放她的阴毛丛里，是一些毋忘我和香车叶草。 + + "现在你是富丽堂皇了！"他说，珍奴夫人与约翰·多马士台欢之日的嫁装。" + + 他又在他自己身上的毛里嵌了些花朵，在阴茎的同围绕了一枝爬地藤，再把一朵玉簪花粘附在肚脐上，她守望着他，这种奇异的热心，使他觉得有趣，她拿了一朵蝴蝶花插在他的髭须上，花在他的鼻下桂着。 + + "这是迎娶珍奴夫人约翰·多马士，"他说，"我们得和康妮与梅乐士分手了。也许……" + + 他正伸手做着一种姿势，却打了个喷嚏。 + + "也许什么？"她说，等着他继续说下去。 + + 他有点茫然地望着眼也。 + + "没有什么？"他说。 + + "也许什么？继续说下去呀。" + + 他忘记了。他这种有头无尾的话，是她觉得最令人丧气的事。 + + 千阵黄色的阳光在树林上照耀着。 + + "太阳！"他说，"是你应该走的时候了。啊，时光！时光！我的夫人呀，什么是无翼而飞的东西？时光！时光！" + + 他拿了衬衣。 + + "向约翰·多马士道晚安吧。"他说着，俯望着他的阴茎。"他在爬地藤的臂环里是安全的！此刻他并不是怎样烫人的铁挎呢。" + + 他把法兰绒的衬打举到头上穿着。当他的头冒了出来的时候，他说： + + "一个男人最危险的一刹那，使是当他的头放进衬衣里的时候，那时候他的头是在一个袋子里。所以我喜欢那些美国衬衣，穿的时候和穿普通的褂子一样。"她老是望着他。他把短裤穿上了，扣好了。 + + "瞧瞧珍奴！"他说，"在这些花卉中！明年将是谁替你结花，珍奴？是我呢还是他人？再见罢我的圆叶风铃草，福星拱照！我恨这歌儿；这使我想起大战初起的那些日子。"他坐下去穿着袜子。她依旧木立着。他把手放在她的臀部下面。"美丽的小珍奴夫人！"他说，"也许你将在威尼斯找到了一个男子，在你的阴毛里放茉莉，在你的肚脐上放石榴花吧！可怜的小珍奴夫人！" + + "别说这种话！"她说，"你只是说来伤我的心罢了。" + + 他把头低头。然后他用土话说： + + "是的，也许，也许！好！以我不说了，我停嘴了。但是您得穿上衣服，回您的堂皇大厦去了。时间过了！约翰和小珍奴的时间过了！穿上您的内衣罢，查太莱男爵夫人！您这样子站着，没有内衣，只有几朵花儿遮掩着，您是谁都可以的。好，好，让我来为您解衣罢，您有尾巴的小画眉哟！" + + 他把她头发上的叶子除去了，吻着她的湿发；他把她乳房上的花除去了，吻着她的乳房；他吻着她的肚脐，吻着她的阴毛，却让他所结的花留在那里。 + + "得让这些花留在那儿，假如它们愿意。"他说，"好了！您重新赤裸起来了，您只是个赤裸裸的女儿，带着几分珍奴气！现在，穿上内衣罢，您得走了，否则查太莱爵夫人要赶不上她的晚餐了！您上哪儿去来，我的美丽的女儿？" + + 当他这样满口说着土话的时候，她是从来不知道怎样回答的。于是她穿了衣裳，准备着回去，有点耻辱地回勒格贝去。至少她是这样感觉着：有点耻辱地回去。 + + 他要陪她跑到马路上去。她的幻想已经关好了，可以放心了。 + + 当他和她走到马路上的时候，恰恰碰见了波太大，脸孔苍白慌慌张张地向他们走来。 + + "啊！夫人！我们奇怪着是不是发生了什么事情呢。" + + "不！没有什么事情。" + + 波太太望着守猎的，爱情使他满面春光，她遇着了他的半含笑半嘲讽的视线。他有如意的事情的时候，总是这样笑着的。但他和蔼地望着她。 + + "晚安，现在我可以不陪男爵夫人了。晚安夫人！晚安波太太！" + + 他行了个礼，转身就走。 + + + + 第十六章 + + 康妮到家后，忍受了一番盘问。午茶时候出去了的克利福，到暴风雨开始时才回去，夫人哪儿去了？谁也不知道。只有波太太想出她是到林中散步去了。在这暴风雨里到林中去！……这一次，克利福却神经兴奋地狂乱起来了。电光闪一下，他惊跳一下，雷声轰一下，他失神一下。他望着冰冷的大雷雨。仿佛世界的末日到了，他愈来愈狂躁起来。 + + 波太太试着去安慰他。 + + "她会躲避在林中的小屋里的。放心罢。夫人不会有什么的。" + + "在这种雷雨里，我不喜欢她待在林中！我压根儿不喜欢她到林中去！现在她已经出去两个多小时了，她是什么时候出去的？" + + "你回家以前不久出去的。" + + "我没有看见她在花园里。上帝知道她在哪儿会发生了什么事！" + + "啊，不会发生什么事的。你看罢。等雨一停了她马上就会回来的。只是雨把她阻住罢了。" + + 但是雨已停了，夫人却没有马上回来，时间过着，夕阳出来发着最后的黄光了，依旧没有夫人的影子，夕阳沉下去了，昏色渐渐地深了，晚餐的第一次也敲了。 + + "再等也没有用了！"克利福在狂躁中说，"我要打发非尔德或白蒂斯找她去。" + + "啊，不要这样！"波太太喊道，"他们将瞎想发生了自杀或什么大事。不要让人讲闲话……让我到小屋那边去看看她在不在。我找得着她。" + + 这样劝了一会，克利福准她去了。 + + 这样，康妮在马路上碰见了，脸色苍白，迟疑地不敢前进。 + + "不要怪我来找你，夫人！克利福男爵狂躁得那神样儿！他以为你一定是给雷打死了，或给一株树倒下来压死了。他决意要打发非尔德和白蒂斯来林中找尸首呢，这一来，我想还是我来好，别惊动了所有的仆人。 + + 她不安地说着，她看得见康妮的脸上还带着热情的光润和梦影，并且她觉得她是对她发怒的。 + + "很对！"康妮说，她再也找不着什么话说了。 + + 两个妇人在那湿世界里缓缓地前进。两个人都不说话。一些大水滴唤亮地在林中滴着。当他们到了大花园里时，康妮在前边走着。波太大有点喘不过气来，她日见肥胖了。 + + "克利福这种大惊小怪，真是愚蠢！"康妮最后恼怒地说，其实她只是对自己说着。 + + "唉！你知道男人们是怎样的！他们是喜欢狂躁。但是一见了夫人就会好的。" + + 康妮很恼怒波太大知道了她的秘密：因为她无疑是知道的。 + + 突然地，康妮在小径上站着了。 + + "真是岂有此理，他们竟敢来追踪！"她说，睛眼发着光。 + + "啊！夫人哟，别这么说！我不来，他定要叫那两个人来的，并且他们定要一到小屋里去的。我呢，我实在不知道小屋在那儿。" + + 听了这说。康妮的脸气得更红了。虽然，她心里还有一股热情的时候，她是不能说谎的。她甚至不能做出她和守猎人之间毫无关系的样子，她望着那另一个妇人，诡谲地站在那儿，低着头，毕竟呢，她也是个妇人，她是个同盟者。 + + "啊，好罢！"她说，"既然如此，我也就没有什么了！" + + "但是夫人，你放心罢！你只是在小屋里避雨，那是毫无所谓的。" + + 她们到了家里。康妮直进克利福的房里去，她对他，对他的苍白紧张的脸孔和突出的两眼，狂怒起来。 + + "我得告诉你，我想你无需叫仆人来跟踪我的！"她劈头便说。 + + "我的上帝！"他也暴怒起来，"你这女人上那儿去来？你离去了整整几个钟头，而且在这样的暴风雨里！你到那瘟树林里去弄什么鬼？你干吗来？雨已停了几个钟头了！几个钟头了！你知道是什么时候了不？你真够使任何人发疯！你上那儿去了？你干吗去了？" + + "我要是不愿告诉你又怎么样呢？"她拔去了她的帽子，摇着她的头发。 + + 他望着她，他的睛眼突着，白睛膜上起着黄色，这种暴怒一他的害处是很大的：结果是波太太在以后的几天里，没有好过的时间，康妮突然地内疚起来。 + + "的确！"她说，温和些了，"谁都会奇怪我究竟到哪儿去了！暴风雨到来的时候，我只是坐在小屋里罢了，而且生了一点火，怪快活的。" + + 她现在安闲地说话了。毕竟，为什么要上添油使他难过呢！他狐疑地望着她。 + + "瞧瞧你的头发！"他说，"瞧瞧你自己！" + + "是的。"她泰然地答道，"我脱光了衣服在雨中奔了一阵。" + + 他惊愕地望着她。 + + "你一定是发疯了！"他说。 + + "为什么？喜欢雨水浴有什么好发疯了地方？" + + "你用什么擦干你自己的？ + + "用一条旧毛巾和火烘干的。" + + 他老是目瞪口呆地望着她。 + + "假如有人来了？" + + "谁会来？" + + "谁？无论谁啊！梅乐士呢？他没有来吗？餐上他是一定到那儿去的。" + + "是的，他在雨停了后才来，他是来喂短雉鸡。" + + 她说话时的从容的态度，是令人惊愕的。在隔房听着的波太太，叹服得五体投地。想想吧，一个妇人竟能这样自然地周旋应变！" + + "假如他在你赤裸棵地、疯妇似地在雨中奔窜着的时候来到了？" + + "那么我想他定要吓得魂不附体，逃之唯恐不速呢。" + + 克利福屹然不动地老是望着她。他的下意识里究竟在想什么，他是决不知道的。他太惶无措了，因而他的上意识里也不能构成什么明确的思想，他不能自己的佩服她。她的样子是这么红润，这么美丽，这么光泽：爱的光泽。 + + "总之，"他说，渐渐平静下来，"假如你没有受惊，得了个大伤风，便算你的幸运了。" + + "啊，我没有受惊！"她答道。她心里正在想着那个男子的话："您有的是最美丽的妇人的臀儿！"她希望，她真上希望她能告诉克利福，在那雷雨交加的时候，有人曾对她这么说过。然而！她却摆了个被忤逆了的王后的样儿，到楼上换衣服去了。 + + 那天晚上，克利福想向她讨好起来，他正读着一本最新出的关于科学的宗教的书：他身体里有着一种无诚意的宗教的血脉。他是自私地关心着他的自我的将来的。那象他和康妮间的文学上的谈话一样。因为他们之间的谈话差不多是化学制作出来的。他们差不多在头脑里用化学方法调制他们的谈话。 + + "喂，你觉得这个怎样？"他说着，把书拿了过来，"假如我们的宇宙里再进化多少时代，你便用不着走到雨中去冷却你的热烈的肉体了。啊，你听罢！——宇宙预示着我们两种光景：一方面，它是物质地耗损着；另一方面，它是精神地上升着。" + + 康妮等着下文。但是克利福并不读下去。她惊异地望着他。 + + "假如它是精神地上升着，"她说，"那么下面剩下什么东西呢，下面那个从前的尾巴所在的地方？" + + "嗳！"他说，"得留心著者的意思。我想他所谓，上升但是耗损的相反。" + + "那么可以说，精神出了毛病，出壳了！" + + "唔，正经点，别说笑，你觉得怎样？" + + 她重新望着他。 + + "物质地耗损？"她说，"我看你却日见肥胖起来，而我也不见得耗损着我自己。你相信太阳比从前小了些么？我却不。我想亚当献给夏娃的苹果，不见得会比我们的橙子核大，你以为怎样？" + + "好罢，听听下文罢：宇宙便这样慢馒地过去，电得非我们所能思议，而到了一种新的创造的情境，在这种情境里，我们今日所见的物质世界，将变成一种飘渺的波纹，这种波纹与虚无是无甚分别的。" + + 她觉得怪可笑地徨着，她心里涌着种种不便说出的话；但是她仅仅说： + + "多么愚笨的骗人的鬼话！仿佛他可怜的小小的知觉能知道在那么悠久缓慢的时间里会有什么发生似的！那只是说，他自己是个物质的失败者，所以他想使全宇宙也为一个物质的失败者罢了！胡说乱道的假道学！" + + 啊，且徨罢！别中断了这伟大的庄重之词：目前世界的这种情境，系从一个不能想象的过去中生出来的，并且将在一个不能想象的将来中消灭。剩下的是抽象的无穷尽的王国，自新不息、变化万端的创造力，和主宰大干的聪明上帝。那，那便是结论！" + + 康妮轻蔑地听着。 + + "他是精神出了毛病，出完了。"她说，"多么荒唐！什么不可想象。什么世界的消灭，什么万变的创造力，甚至上帝也凑在一块！这真是白痴说的话！" + + "我承认他说得有点模糊，有点象烟幕，"克利福说，"可是，说到宇宙是在物质地耗损，精神地上升，我倒相信是存几分真理的。" + + "是么！那么让它上升吧，只要它让我在这下界物质地安全而坚实。" + + "你喜欢你的体格么？"他问道。 + + "我爱我的体格呢！"同时她的心涌起了这句话："这是世上最美丽的，最美丽的妇人臀儿！" + + "但是你这话使我有点惊异。因为格格无疑地是个多余累赘的东西。在我想来，女子在精神生活上是不能享受最高乐趣自勺。" + + "最高乐趣？"她望着他说，"难道那种白痴的想法便是精神生活的最高乐趣么！谢谢你罢！我不要这种最高乐趣！我只要肉体，我相信肉体的生命比精神的生命更真实一只要这肉体的确有生命。但是世间许多的人，都和你的著名的风力机器一样，他们的精神仅仅依附在他们的尸首上！" + + 他惊愕地望着她。 + + "肉体的生命。"他说，"不过是禽兽的生命。" + + "甚至这样也好过煞有介事的死尸的生命。不过你的话是不对的！人类的肉体现在不过才开始生活。在古代希腊民族里，肉体生命曾焕发过，不久便给柏拉图和亚里斯多德毁灭了，从坟墓中复活起来了。这人类肉体的生命，将是这美丽的宇宙间的美丽的、美丽的生命！" + + "亲爱的，你说得仿佛你正引领着这肉体生命到世界上来了！不错，你要旅行去了，但是请你不要高兴得这样没有分寸，相信你吧，如有个上帝在，管他是什么上帝，他会把人类肉体里的肠胃淘汰了。而使人类变成一个更高尚、更神圣的东西的。" + + "为什么我要相信你，克利福？我倒觉得假如有个什么上帝在，他将在我的肠胃里醒觉转来，并且在那里曙光似地幸福的荡漾着。为什么要相信你的话？我所相信的恰恰与你相反！" + + "呀！真的？什么使你变得这么异样？是不是因为赤裸裸地在雨中奔了一阵，学了一回古代的烂醉的酒神的女祭司？或者是因为某种感官的欲望？或者是因为要到威尼斯去了？" + + "者是原因；为了旅行觉得满腔兴头，难道是可惊怪的么？"她说。 + + "表现得这么露骨，就未免可怪了。" + + "那么我隐藏着就是了。" + + "啊，用不着！你兴奋得差不多从事多也兴奋起来了。我差不多觉得是我自己要旅行去了。" + + "那么，为什么你不和我一起去呢。" + + "理由我们已经说过。不过，我想你的原因，是因为你可以暂时告别这一切了。此刻再也没有比告别这一切更令你兴奋的事了。……但是，凡是出行便必有避返，而且凡是避返便是一种新的关系。" + + "我并不想有什么新的关系。" + + "不要大言，上帝听着呢。"他说。 + + "不！我并不大言；"她爽脆地说。 + + 但是她对于出行一把旧的关系截断一的兴奋并不减少。这是她无可如何的事。 + + 不能人官的克利福，整夜里和波太太打牌赌钱，直至她磕睡得欲想死了。 + + 希尔达要来的日子来到了，康妮和梅乐士已经商议好了、假如他们的爱情之夜，没有什么阻碍的话，她便在她的窗上接一条绿色围巾：否则，便挂一条红色巾。 + + 波太太帮着康妮打理行李。 + + "换换空气，对于夫人是很有益处的。" + + "是的，我也这样想，克利福男爵的事，都得你一个人料理一些时日了，你不介意吧？" + + "啊，不！他的事我都可以处理。我是说，他所需要我做的事，我都做得了，你觉他比以前好了些吗？" + + "啊，好得多了，你替他做了些惊人的事呢！" + + 唉，哪里啊！不过男人们都是一样的；他们只是一些婴孩你得诌媚他们，拿甜言去诱骗他们，让他们相信他们是事事随心所欲的，你觉得对不对？夫人。" + + "这种事情我恐怕没有太多经验呢。" + + 康妮停止了收拾东西。 + + "甚至你的丈夫，你也得象婴孩似的去诌媚他，用甜言诱骗他么？"她一边说，一边望着波太太。 + + 波太太也停了下来。 + + "说到他"。她说，"是的，我也得好好地去奉承他的。但是他常常知道我所说的是什么，这是我不得不说的。不过他通常总是让步的。" + + "他从来不摆老爷先生的架子么？" + + "不！不过，有时当我看见了神色不同的时候，我便知道非让步不可了，但是普通总是他让步的。不，他从不摆老爷先生的架子，而我也不，我知道可以跟他强硬到哪一步，使得退让；虽然这种退让有时是很吃亏的。" + + "假如你强硬下去会怎么样呢？" + + "啊，我可不知道，我从来就没有强硬下去过，甚至他错了，假如他固执，我也退让。你知道，我决不愿使我们间的东西被破坏，假如你固执着对付一个男子，那便完了。假如你爱上了一个男子，当他真是决了意的时候，你便得退让；管你有理没有理。都得退让，否则什么东西便要破坏了。但是，我不得不说，德底有时看见我决了意的时候，甚至我没有理，他也退让的，我想这是双方一样的。" + + "你对付你所有的病人也这样么？"康妮问道。 + + "啊，那是不同的。我对他们不是这样的。我知道什么是对于他们有益的，或者我努力去知道，然后我设法为他们的好处帮去。那和自己真正所爱的人是不相同的，大不相同的，假如你真正地爱过丁一个人，你使差不多能对任何人表示亲爱，甚至他不太需要你，但那是不同的，你不是真正爱他的，一个人真正地爱过了一回，如果还能真正地再爱一回，那是可疑的。" + + 这话把康妮吓着了。 + + "你以为一个人只能爱一次么？"她问道。 + + "爱一次，或永远不爱，大多数的女子是从来不爱，从来不开始爱的，她们不知爱是什么东西。男子也不例外。我呢，当我看见了一个女子在恋爱的时候，我对他是满腔同情的。" + + "你觉得男子是易动怒的么？" + + "是的，假如你伤了他们的虚荣心。但是女子还不是一样？不过男子的虚荣心和女子的有点不同罢了。" + + 康妮把这些话思量着，她对于她到威尼斯去的事，又开始有点疑惧起来，实在说来，她不是故意要躲避她的爱人么？虽然是短时间，他是知道的，所以他的神气是那么怪异和讥。 + + 虽然！人生常是受环境的机械所支配的，康妮便是这机械的栖牲者。她不能在五分钟内摆脱出来，她甚至边摆脱的心也没有了。 + + 星期四的早晨，希尔达按照预定的时间来到，驶着她的两座轻便汽车，她的衣箱用皮带牢牢地缚在后边，和平家一样，她的样子是端庄的，处女的；但是也和平至少一样，她有着一种倔强的气概，她有一种魔鬼似的倔强的自我意志，这是她的丈夫发觉的。但是现在，这位丈夫正在要求和始离婚了。她呢，她虽然没有情人，但她却给了他许多方便，好去提他的要求。目下。她和男子们疏远了。她倒觉得很满意自己做了自己的主人，和她的两个孩子的主人，她打算把这两个孩子"好好地"教养成人，不管这个词的意义怎样解释。 + + 在小汽车上，康妮也只准带一口衣箱。但是她已经把一只大箱子寄绘她的父亲，由火车带去了。她的父亲刚由苏格兰到伦。他认为到威尼斯何必坐汽车去？在七月天，在意大利用汽车旅行是太热了，所以他还是舒舒服服地乘火车去。 + + 这样，希尔达俨然大元帅似的，严肃地把旅丢失重要事件计划好了。她和康妮在楼上的房子里闸谈着。 + + "但是，希尔达，"康妮说，心里有点惊惧着她要说下去的话．"今晚我要在这我和附近过夜；不是这儿；是这儿附近。" + + 希尔达的灰色的、不可思议的跟随，注视着她的妹妹。她的样子似乎非常镇静，但是她却常常盛怒起来。 + + "传播对方，这儿购近？"她柔和地问道。 + + "希尔达，你知道我爱上了一个人吧，是不是？" + + "是的，我是知道有了什么事情的。" + + "那么，他住在这儿附近。我要和他共度过最后的一夜，我得去！我已经答应了。" + + 康妮固执起来了。 + + 希尔达静默地低着她的象密涅瓦一样的头，然后望着她。 + + "你愿意告诉我他是谁么？"她说。 + + "他是我们的守猎人，"康妮支吾着说，她的脸孔鲜红起来，好象有个做了坏事的孩子一样。 + + "康妮！"希尔达说，厌恶地道挺着她的鼻子一这是她母亲传下的姿势。 + + "我明白，但是他的确是可爱的人，他的的确是了解温情的人。"康妮企图为她的爱人辩护。 + + 希尔达，象脸色鲜艳的雅典娜似的低头沉思着。产际上她正在暴怒着．但是她不敢露了出来，因为酷肖父亲的康妮，努势将立刻放肆争抗起来。 + + 无疑地，希尔达不喜欢克利福和他以大人物自居的冷静的神气，她觉得他无耻地利用着康妮。她曾希望她的妹妹会离开他。但是，她是属于苏格兰的坚固的中等阶级的人，她深恶任何贬抑自己身分。或贬抑家声的事情。 + + "你将要懊悔的！"她说。" + + "不！我决不懊悔！"康妮红着脸喊道，"他是个罕有的例外，我的确爱他，他是个美妙的情人！ + + 希尔达依旧沉思着。 + + "你转瞬使我要厌倦他的。"她说，"然后你一生便要惭愧你的这种行为。""不，决不！我希望我不久便要有个他的孩子呢。" + + "怎么！康妮！"希尔达说，严厉务象一声铁锤气愤得脸色苍白起来。 + + "假如你我可以的话，便将有个孩子，假如我有个他的孩子，我将发狂似的骄傲。" + + 希尔达明白和她争论是无用的，她沉思着。 + + "克利福没有猜什么吗？"她问道。 + + "啊，不！猜疑什么呢？" + + "我深信你一定给了他不少猜疑的机会。"希年尔说。 + + "不，一点都没有。" + + "我觉得今晚的勾当是纯粹的癫狂，那个人住在哪儿？" + + "在树林那一端的村舍里。" + + "他没有结婚么？" + + "结了！但是他的女人离弃了他。" + + "什么年纪？" + + "我可不知道，比我大些。" + + 康妮的每句回答，都使希尔达越发愤怒起来，愤怒得和她母亲在生之日一样，愤怒到无可复加的境地，但是她还是隐忍着。 + + "假如我是你，我决不干今晚的勾当。"她安静地劝道。 + + "我不能！今晚我定要在他那儿过夜，否则我便不能去威尼斯，我决不能。" + + 希尔达从康妮的这话里，听出她父亲的声音，她只得让步，但这不过是外交手腕，她同意了和康妮到曼斯非德晚餐，天黑后把她带回到村舍去的山路尽头，早上再到那里去找她。她自己将在曼斯非德过夜，那不过是半点钟的汽车路程，假如汽车开得快的话，但是她对她的妹妹的破坏她的计划，是非常愤怒的，她在心里隐忍着。 + + 康妮在她的窗槛上挂上了一条鲜绿的围巾。 + + 在对于康妮的愤怒里，希尔达不觉对克利福宽大起来，他毕竟是个有智慧的人。说他没有性能，这更好；可以少了一件争吵的理由！希尔达再也不想要肉体的爱了，这东西把男子都变成自私可恶的小鬼子。康妮的生活，实在比多数的女人的生活都安适，不过她不她的神气罢了。 + + 而克利福也断定希尔达毕竟是个无疑的聪明女子，假如一个男子想在政治上活动的话，这种女子是再好不过的助手和伴侣。是的，她不象康妮那么孩子气，那么不可依靠。 + + 在大厅里，大家提早用了午后的茶点，大厅门开着，让太阳射了进来。大家都仿佛有点气喘。 + + "再见，康妮，女孩子！平安地回来！" + + "再见，克利福！是的，我不久便会回来的！"康妮差不多温柔起来了。 + + "再见，希尔达！请你用只眼睛看护她。" + + "我将用两只眼睛呢。"希尔达说，"她决不会怎样迷途的。" + + "这就是保证！" + + "再见，波太太！我知道你会好好地侍候克利福男爵的。" + + "我将尽我的能力，夫人。" + + "有什么消息的时候，给我写信，并且告诉我克利福男爵的种种情形，" + + "是的，夫人，我不会忘记，祝你快活，并且早日回来！" + + 大家挥着手巾，车开行了，康妮回转头来，看见克利福在台阶上坐在轮椅里，毕竟是他的丈夫，勒格贝是她近有，这是环境所决定的。 + + 铁伯斯太太把大门打开着，祝了声夫人一路平安，汽车悄悄地出了小树丛幽黑遍布着的大花园，上了大道，那儿矿工们正曳着沉重的步伐归家。希尔达朝着克罗斯山的路驶去，这并不是条大路，但也是到曼斯非德的路，康妮戴上了避尘镜。她们沿着铁道驶去，这铁道在她们下边这一条壕道里。然后她们在壕道上的桥上横过。 + + "这儿便是到村舍去的小路！"康妮说。 + + 希尔达愤愤地望了望那条小路。 + + "我们不能一直往前去，真是万分可惜！"她说，"否则我们九点钟使可到帕尔摩了。" + + "我真替你抱歉。"戴着眼睛的康妮说。 + + 她们不久便到了曼斯非德。从前这儿是绝妙的一个城市。现在却是个令人气丧的矿工城市了。希尔达在一本旅行指南书中介绍的旅店前停下了，开了一间房子，这一番事于她是毫无意思的，她差不多气愤到了不能说话。但是康妮却忍不住要告诉她一关于那男子的事情。 + + "他！他！他叫什么名字？你尽是说：他！希尔达说。" + + "我从来就没有用名字叫过他，他也没有用名字叫过我。想起来也是奇怪的。我们有时只是用珍奴夫人，和约翰·多马士的名字，但是他的名字是奥利佛·梅乐士。" + + "你觉得做奥利佛·梅乐士太太比做查太莱男爵夫人怎么佯？" + + "可爱得多了！" + + 康妮是令人失望的了！虽然，那男子已经在军队里当过了四五年军官，他定然有多少相当的仪表。他似乎是个有身份的，希尔达有点温和起来了。 + + "但是你不久便要厌倦他的。"她说，"那时你便要因和他发生了关系而感到羞耻呢。我们是不能和工人阶级相混的。" + + "但是你自己却是个热心的社会主义者！你常常是站在工人阶级方面的。" + + "在政治的危机中，我可以站在他们的方面；但是正因为我站在他们的方面，我知道在生活上和他们相混是多么不可能的事，这并不是势利，实在是因为我们和他们的节奏全不能相谐。" + + 希尔达曾经在道地的政治界和知识分子中生活过，所以她的话是令人无可答辩的。 + + 在旅馆里，慢慢地度过了嗳昧的黄昏，最后来了个嗳昧的晚餐。晚餐后，康妮捡了些东西放在一个小绸袋里，再梳了一次头发。 + + "希尔达，"她说，"毕竟爱情是美的，那使你觉得你是生活着，你是在造化的中心。"她仿佛在自夸。 + + "我想每个景子都有这同样的感觉。"希尔达说。 + + "是么？以我要替它高兴呢！" + + 黄昏是奇妙地睛朗，甚至在这个城市里，黄昏也留恋不去，今夜一定是个半透明的夜。希尔达气愤着的脸孔，象是个假面具似的冷酷她把汽车开行了，姊妹俩向原处回去，但走的是经过波梭接的另一条路。 + + 康妮戴着她的避尘眼镜和掩饰面孔的帽子，静默地坐着，希尔达的反对，使她更坚决地站在她的爱人的方面，纵令海拓石烂她也要依附他。 + + 当她们经过克罗斯山时，她们的车灯亮着，在壕道里驶过的光亮的小火车，使人觉和是在夜间了。希尔教研室打算在桥的尽头处转入小路里去。她把速度有点突然地放慢了下来，汽车离开了大路，车灯明亮地照着那蔓草丛生的小咱，康妮往外望着，看见了一个暗影，她把车门打开了。 + + "我们来了！"她低声地说。 + + 但是希尔达已经把灯光熄了，正专心地把车子退后，想转过头来。 + + "桥上没有东西吗？"她简略地问道。 + + "没有，你退罢。"男子的声音说。 + + 她把车子退到桥上，转了方向，在大路上前进了几步，然后再退人小路里，在一株榆树下面，压倒着草丛和藏躲藏康妮步下车来。男子在树下站着。 + + "你等了很久了么？"康妮问道。 + + "不很久。"他答道。 + + 他们俩等希尔达下来，但是希尔达却把车门关上了，坐着不动。 + + "那是我的姊姊希尔达，你愿意来和她说说话么？希尔达！这是梅乐士先生。" + + 守猎人脱了脱他的帽子，但是没有走上前去。 + + "希尔达，请你和我们到村舍里去罢。"康妮恳求道："离这儿不远了。""但是汽车呢？" + + "放在小路去，不要紧的，你有钥匙。" + + 希尔达不说什么，她犹豫着，然后她望着后面的小路。 + + "我可以绕过这树丛退了进去么？"她说。 + + "啊，可以的！"守猎人说。 + + 她慢慢地退着，绕过了树丛后面把汽车锁好了，走下来，已经是夜里了。但是夜色是明亮的，荒凉的小咱两旁，起着高高的野生的篱笆，样子是很黑的，空气中散布着一种新鲜的香留。守猎人在前，康妮跟在他后面，最后是希尔达，大家都静默着，在难走的地方，他把电筒照着，然后又继续。一支猫头鹰在橡树上轻轻地叫着，大家都不能说话；没有什么好说的话。 + + 最后，康妮看见了屋里的黄色灯光，她的心剧跳起来，她有点害怕起来，他们继续着前进。 + + 他把锁着的门打开了，领他们进到好温暖的、但是空洞的小屋子里。炉火低低地红热地燃着。桌子上摆好了两份玻璃杯，这一次，桌布是洁白。希尔达摇了摇她的头发，浏览着那空洞而忧郁的屋子。然后她鼓着勇气望着那男子。 + + 他的身材是中等，纤瘦的，她觉得他样子还好看，他默默地守着一种冷淡的态度，仿佛他决不愿开口似的。 + + "坐下罢，希尔达。"康妮说。 + + "请！"他说，"我给你们什么好呢，茶呢还是旁的东西？或者一杯啤酒！啤酒是够冷的。" + + "啤酒吧！"康妮说。 + + "是的，请你也给我啤酒吧！"希尔达用一种做作的羞怯态度说，他冷眼望着她。 + + 他拿了一个蓝色壶子到厨房间里，带着啤酒回来时，他脸上的表情又变了。 + + 康妮坐在门边，希尔达背着墙坐在他常坐的椅子上，正对着窗角。 + + "那是他的椅子。"康妮说，希尔达站了起来，仿佛那椅子烧了她似的。 + + "别起来，别起来！随便坐，我们这儿并没有谁是熊。"他很泰然地用土话说道。 + + 他给希尔达一只玻璃杯，替她先斟了啤酒。 + + "香酒我这儿是没有的。"他说，"但是也许你们自己有罢，我自己是不舞烟的，您要吃什么东西么？"他回转头去对康妮说，"您要吃点什么东西么？您普通是不推辞的。"他怪自若地说他的土话，仿佛是个乡间旅舍的主人。" + + "有什么好吃的？"康妮脸红着问道。 + + "煮熟的火腿和干酷核桃，随你们喜欢。并没有什么好东西。" + + "好的！"康妮说，"你吃一点么；希尔达？" + + 希尔达举目望着他。 + + "为什么你说约克郡的土话？"她温和地说。 + + "那不是约克郡话，那是德比话，"他望着她，模棱地冷笑着说。 + + "德比话，好罢！为什么你说德比话？你开始的时候不是说大家所；说的英语么？" + + "是么！但是假如我高兴的话；难道我不能换换么？唔，唔，让我说德比话，如果我觉得合适。我想您不反对罢！" + + "那仿佛有点矫揉做作了。"希不尔说。 + + "嗳，也许！但是达娃斯哈，倒是您才象矮做作呢。"他用一种怪疏远的态度，偏着脸打量着她，仿佛说："你，你是谁呵？" + + 他到伙食间里去取食物。 + + 姊妹俩沉默着坐着。他带了另一份碟子和刀刃回来，然后他说： + + "假如你们不介意，我要象平常一样把外衣除了。" + + 他把他的外衣脱了挂在衣钩上，穿着一件薄薄的，淡黄色的法兰绒衬衣，在桌边坐下。 + + "随意罢！"他说，"随意罢！别等人来请！" + + 他把面包切了，静坐着，希迎达象康妮前些时一样，感到了他的静默和冷淡的力量。她看见的不大的、锐敏的手，不经意地放在桌上。无疑地他不是个不简单的工作！不！他是做作的！做作的！ + + "不过，"她一边拿了一小零部件干酷一边说，"假如你对我们说普通的英语，一定比说土话来得自然些。" + + 但望着她，感觉到她的魔般的坚强的意志。 + + "是么？"他用普通的英语说，是么？不过我与您之间有什么很自然的话可说？除非您告诉我，您愿我坠人地狱，好让您的妹妹不再见我；于是我回答些一样难堪的话，此外还有什么是自然的？" + + "啊，有的！"希尔达说，"讲点礼貌便是很自然的。" + + "那便是第二天性，可以这么说罢！"他说着笑了起来。"不，我是厌恶礼貌了，别管我罢！，" + + 希尔达分明地无话可说了。赚得满腔的愤怒，哼，他应该知道人家休面了他，而他却摆着重要角色的威风神气，仿佛以为是他给了人家体面似的，多么鲁薷！可怜的康妮，迷失在这么一个人的爪掌里！ + + 三个人静默地吃着，希尔达留心看着他在餐桌上的仪态怎样，她不得不承认他是本能地比她自己优雅高尚得多的。她有着某种苏样兰人的笨重态度，而他呢，他有着英国人所有的缄默的、自制的安泰一无聊可剩的安泰，他是不易屈服于人的。 + + 但是她也是决不为他所屈服的。她说： + + "你真以为这件事值得冒险吗？"她有点温和下来了。 + + "什么事值得什么冒险？" + + "和我妹妹的这件事。" + + 他脸上露着不快的苦笑，用土话说： + + "那你得去问她！" + + 然后他望着康妮。 + + "那是您甘心情愿的，是不是，女孩？我没有强迫您罢？" + + 康妮望着希尔达。 + + "我希望你不要挑拔是非罢，希尔达。"她说。 + + "我决不想挑拔什么是非。但是总得有个人去想想是非。在生活中，不得不有点某种永久性。你不能一味胡闹的。" + + 他们静默了一会。 + + "咳，永久性！"他说，"那是什么意思？您自己的生命里可有什么永久性？我相信您正在离婚罢，不知道这里头的永久性是什么？这不过是您自己的执锄性的永久性罢，我看很明白，那永久性于您有什么好处？您不久便要厌恶这永久性。一个执锄的女人和她的自我意志！咳，这两种东西合起来便成个好漂亮的永久性，的确！谢谢天，幸得您的事与我无涉！" + + "你有什么权利对我说这种话？"希尔达说。 + + "什么权利？你又有什么权利把您的永久性来厌烦他人？不要管他人的永久性罢。" + + "我的好汉哟，你以为你和我有什么关系么？"希尔达温和地说。 + + "是的！"他说，"有的，愿他罢，不愿也罢，你多少总是我的阿姨了。" + + "还差得远呢，我确实告诉你。" + + "并不如您想象的远，我确实告诉您。我有我自己的永久性，我的永久性决不输您的永久性！假如您的妹妹到我这儿来找点性爱和温情，她自己知道她打的是什么主意。她在我的床上睡过，这是非您的永久性所能有后，谢谢上帝！"他停下一会，然后继续说，"嗳，我不是个呆子，假如一块天鹅肉落在我嘴边我只好多谢天，有这么一个美人儿，一个男子不知能够享受多少的乐趣，不象您一类的女了那么难说，说起来也是可惜的，您本来是可以象一只好苹果的，而你却是个好看不好吃的野苹果，象你这样的女子是需要接种的。 + + 他带了一种鉴赏家的有点肉感的怪笑望着她。 + + "而象你这样的男子。"她说，"是应该了不起来，这是他们的极鄙与自私欲所应得的惩罚。" + + "是的，太太！世上还有我这种人已经是幸福了。至于您呢，没有人睬您，这是您所活该的。" + + 希尔达已经向边走去，他也站了起来，在衣钩上取了他的外衣。 + + "我一个人很可以找到我的路。"她说。 + + "我恐怕你不能呢。"他从容地答道。 + + 在静默中，他们重新在那可笑地鱼贯面蚝，那只猫头鹰还在叫着，他恨不得把它杀掉。 + + 汽车还是好好地停在那儿，有点给露水沾湿了。希尔达上了车，把机器开动了，剩下的两个人在等待着。 + + "总之，我的意思是，"她在汽车里面说，"我诚恐你们两个都要觉得悔不当初！" + + "一个人的佳肴是另一个人的毒物，他在黑暗里说，"但是在我，这既是佳肴又是美酒。" + + 车灯亮了起来。 + + "康妮，早上别让我等。" + + "是的，我不会让你等的。晚安！" + + 汽车慢慢地出到了大路上，然后飞逝了，寂静的夜又笼罩了一切。 + + 康妮羞怯地挽着他的手臂他们向着村舍归去，他一句话也不说，过了一会她使他站住了。 + + "吻一吻我吧！"她喃喃地说。 + + "不、等一会吧。等我的气消了。"他说。 + + 这话使她觉得好笑起来，她依旧挽着他的手臂他们静默地，匆匆地回去，她现在和他在一起了。她是怪高兴的，当她想到希尔达差不多把他们拆散了时候，她寒战了一下，他在不可思议地静默的。 + + 当他们回到村舍里去时，她觉得脱离了她的姊姊了。她高兴得差不多跳跃起来。 + + "但是你使希尔达太难为情了。"她对他说。 + + "她实在是该吃耳光的。" + + "为什么呢？她是怪好的人！" + + 他并不回答，只是沉静地、安泰地忙着晚上的工作，他在外表上是愤怒的，可不是对她愤怒，康妮觉得出来。在愤怒中的他，有一种深刻、光泽的、特殊的美，使她心醉，使她的四脚酥软。 + + 他老是不注意她。 + + 最后，他坐下去解鞋带。然后他仰望着她，那眉端依旧蕴藏！着怒气。 + + "你要上楼去么？"他说，"那边有一枝蜡烛！" + + 他迅疾地把多倾了一倾，指示着桌上点着的蜡烛。她驯服地把蜡烛拿在手里，当她上楼的时候，他注视着她的饱满的臀部的曲线。 + + 那是个惊人的情欲之夜。在这夜里，她有点吃惊而且差不多觉得无可奈何起来，然而在那最恰人意的关头，一种比温情战栗更不同、更尖锐、更可怖的刺人的战栗，把她钻穿了。虽然是有点怕，她却毫不推却地让他瓷情任性，一种无因而不羞怯的肉感，摇撼着她，摇撼到她的骨髓，把她脱到一丝不挂，使她成了一个新的妇人。实在那并不是爱。那并不是淫欲。那是一种火似的烧人的尖锐的内感，把灵魂烧成火绒一样。 + + 这种火似的肉感，在那最秘密的地方，把最古老而最深刻的羞耻心焚毁了。结果是使康妮地卖力让她的爱人您情任性的享受她。她是个无抵抗的、逢迎迁就的东西。好象一个奴录，一个肉体的奴录，情欲的毁灭的火，却舐着她的周身，当这欲焰紧束地经过她的心怀与脏腑的时候，她真是觉得她是互着了。可是好一个痛快而神奇的死哟！ + + 她曾常常地奇怪过，亚培拉所谓他与海萝伊斯相爱之时，所有情欲的微妙花样都尝过了，是什么意思，原来同样的东西，在千年以前，甚至在万年以前就有过了，同样的东西在希腊的土瓶上，随处都有！情欲的种种微妙、肉感的种种放肆，那是必需，绝对地必需的。用纯粹的肉感的火，去把虚焦的羞耻心焚毁了，把人体的沉浊的杂质溶解了，使它成为纯洁。 + + 在这一个短短的夏夜里，她不知懂得了多少的事情！在这夜以前，她差不多相信了一个妇人是会因羞耻而死的；然而现在，死的却是羞耻，羞耻不过是恐惧罢了，在我们的肉体的根蒂里深伏着那种官能的羞耻，那种古老的，古老的肉体的恐惧，只有肉感的火才能把它赶走。最后，它是给男子的"地乐士"的追击所惊醒而溃散，于是她便来到她的生命的莽原之中心了。 + + 现在，她觉得已经来到了她的天性的真正的原如处所，并且觉得她原本就是无羞惧的了。她是她的原来的、有肉感的自我，赤裸裸的、毫无羞惧的自我。她觉得胜利，差不多光荣起来！原来如此！生命原来是如此的！一个人的本来面目原来是如此的！世上是没有需要掩茂怕东西，没有需要害羞的东西的！她和一个男子一另一个人，共享着她的终极的赤裸。 + + 而且是个多么肆无忌惮的恶魔似的男子！真象个恶魔！一个不坚强的人是承受不了他的。但是要达到那肉体的莽原一中心，要达到那官能的羞惧心的最后最深的伏处，是不容易的。只有"法乐士"有这窥探的本领。啊！他把她压得多么紧！ + + 啊！在惊怖中，她曾多么恨它，但是实际上，她多么需要它！现在她明白了，在她的灵魂的根基处，深深地，她是需要而且秘密地希望这"梅乐士"的追击的，不过她相信她不会得到罢了。现在，突然地，它来到了，一个男子在共享着她最终最后的赤裸，她一点儿羞惧都没有了。 + + 诗人和世人真是一些骗子！他们使你相信你需要感，其实你所最需要的是这尖锐的、消蚀的、有点可怖的肉感。找个无羞惧、无罪过、无心疚的大胆从事的男子！假如他事后觉得羞惧，而且令人觉得羞惧，那就令人寒心了！多么可惜，多数的男人都这么怯懦，害羞，如克利福！甚至如蔑克里斯！这两个／、在肉感上都是有点儿象狗，有点儿奴颜卑膝的。所谓"精神的无上快乐！"这对于一个女人有什么价值？而且事实上，对于一个男子又有什么价值！那不过把精神弄得一塌糊湖糊涂而卑鄙罢了，甚至想把精神纯洁化、灵敏化起来，也得要这唯一的肉感才能成功，唯一的火假的肉感，而不是混沌一团的幻想。 + + 啊！上帝啊，一个真正的男子是多可珍贵的东西！男人们大都是些只知东跑西窜，只知东闻西嗅，只知苟且交尾的狗。找到了一个无畏宿、无羞惧的男子！多可珍贵！她望着他在酣睡着，好象一个睡着的野兽似的，深深地迷失在睡官中。她鸟儿似地栖依在他的身边，诚恐脱离了他。 + + 他醒来的时候，她的睡意也全失了。他坐了起来，俯望着她，好从他的眼里，看出了她自己的赤裸，直接的她的自我。那男性对她的认识，好象流液似地从他的眼眼里传到了她身上，把她春怠融融地包了起来，啊，这半睡的、饱和着热烈情欲的、沉重的肢体，是多么撩人肉欲，多么可爱！ + + "是起身的时候了么？"她说。 + + "六点半了。" + + 八点钟她便得到咱的尽头去，老是，老是，老是这不容人的世事！ + + "我可以去弄早餐，弄好了带上这儿来，好吗？" + + "啊，好的！" + + 佛萝茜在楼下轻轻的呜咽着。她起身把睡衣除了，用一条毛巾擦着他的身体，当一个人充满着勇气与生命的时候，是多么美丽！她一边静默地望着他，一边心里这么想着。 + + "把窗帘拉开，好不好？" + + 太阳已经在早晨的嫩绿的树叶上照耀着了。近边的树林，显得蔚蓝而新鲜的颜色。她坐在床上，梦一般地望着楼窗外面，她的赤裸裸的两臂把她赤裸的两只乳房挤得凑合拢来。他在穿着衣服。她在梦幻着生活，与他共同的生活：这才叫生活！ + + 他正在走开，避开她的危险的媚人的赤裸。 + + "难道我把睡衣都失去了么？"她说。 + + 他伸手在床下边摇出一条薄薄的绸衣。 + + "在夜里我就觉得脚踝上有着什么绸的东西。"他说。 + + 但是那睡衣已经差不多裂成两片了。 + + "不要紧！"她说，"它是属于这间房子的；我把它留在这儿罢。" + + "是的，留在这儿罢，夜里我可以把它放在两腿间陪伴我。上面没有什么字或标记么？" + + 她穿上了那撕破的睡衣，梦一般地望着窗外。窗门开着，清晨的空气和乌声透专进来，乌儿不住地飞过，然后她看见佛萝茜徘徊着走出门外，这是早晨了。 + + 她听见他在楼下生火，舞水，从后门出去，她渐渐地闻着了煎肉的气味。最后，他端了一个大得刚能通过门框的黑色大托盘，走上楼来，他把找盘放在床上，斟着茶，康妮穿着那撕破了的睡衣，蹲伏着狼吞虎咽起来。他从城那唯一椅子上，他的碟子放在膝上。 + + "多么好！"她说，"在一起吃早餐是多么美妙！" + + 他静默地吃着，心里想着那在飞逝的时光，那使她想起来了。 + + "啊，我真希望我可以留在这儿和你一块，并且勒格贝在一百万里以外！但是事实上我正脱离着勒格贝呢，你知道吧，是不是？" + + "是的！""你答应我们将住在一起，将在一起生活，你和我！你答应吧，是不是？" + + "是的，当我们能够的时候。" + + "是啊！这不会久了，不会久了，是不是？"她向他斜依着，握着他的手腕，她把茶杯里的茶倾溢了出来。 + + "是的！"他一边说，一边整理着溢在托盘的茶。 + + "此后，我们再也不能在一起生活了，是不是？"她恳求地说。他苦笑了一笑，仰望着她。 + + "不！不过在二十五分钟内你便得走了。" + + "只有二十五分钟了么？"她叫道。突然地，他举着手指，叫她不要出声，他站了起来，佛萝茜猛然吠了一声，跟着又高声地吠着几声，仿佛告警似的。 + + 默默地，他把碟子放在托盘上，走下楼来，康妮听见他向园里的小径出去，一个脚踏车铃声在那外边响着。 + + "早安，梅乐士先生！一封挂号信！" + + "啊，喂！你有铅笔么？" + + "有的！" + + 停顿了一会。 + + "加拿大！"那生人的声音说。 + + "是的！这是我从前一位朋友，他在在英属哥化比亚。不知道什么事用得着挂号信。" + + "也许他寄你一笔大钱呢。" + + "或者是来要点什么东西吧，这倒更象。" + + 静了一会。 + + "喂！又是个睛朗的日子！" + + "是的！" + + "早安" + + "早安！" + + 过了一会，他回到楼上，脸上带点怒容。 + + "邮差。"他说。 + + "他来得好早啊！"她答道。 + + "这是乡间的邮递；他来的时候，多数总是七点左右来的。" + + "是不是你的朋友寄给你一笔大钱？" + + "不，只是几张关于那边的一个产业的像片和文件罢了。" + + "你想到那边去么？" + + "我想或者我们是可以去的。" + + "啊，是的！我相信那是个可有可爱的地方！" + + 但是，这邮差的来到，使他扫兴了。 + + "这些该死的脚踏车，不等到你留神它们便来到了。我希望他没有听见什么。" + + "要是他听见什么呢！" + + "现在你得起来，作好准备。我到外面看看就来。" + + 她看见他带着他的狗儿和枪，到那小镇上巡察，她下楼去梳洗，等到他回来时，她已经准备好了，把几件零的东西也收拾在她的小绸裹里。 + + 他把门上了锁，他们向着林中下去，却不走那条小径。他小心着。 + + "你认为人一生中可以有几个好时期过着象昨夜那种生活么？"她对他说。 + + "是的！不过也得想想其余的时期呢。"他有点简短地答道。 + + 他们在林中草径上缓缓地；他默默地走到前面。 + + "我们不久便将在一起共同生活，是不是？"她恳求道。 + + "是的！"他答一道，头也不回，只顾前进。"当时机到了的时候！但是此刻你正要到威尼斯或什么地方去。" + + 她无言地跟着他，心里抑郁着。啊，多么难舍难离！ + + 最后他站住了。 + + "我要打这边过去了。"他指着右边说。 + + 但是她举着两臂环抱着他的颈项，紧紧地依着他。 + + "但是你对我的温情不会变吧，会不会？"她细声说，"我爱昨夜！但是你对我的温情不会变，会不会？" + + 他吻了吻她，把她紧紧地拥抱了一会。然后他又叹息着，重新了吻了吻她。 + + "我得看汽车来了没有。" + + 他踏过了那低低的荆刺和羊齿草丛，经过处留晒了一条痕迹。他去了几分钟，回来说： + + "汽车还没有来．但是大路上停着一部送面包的货车。" + + 他显得焦虑不安的样子。 + + "听！" + + 他们听见一部汽车轻轻地驶近了，这汽车在桥上慢了下来，她无限悲伤地踏进了荆刺丛中，沿着他留下的脚痕走去，到了一排庞大的冬青树篱笆面前，他正在她的后面。 + + "那边！打那边过去！"他指着一个空隙说，"我不过去了。" + + 她失望地望着他，但是他吻了吻她，叫她出去，她满腔悲伤地爬过了冬青树丛和木栅，颠踬地走下小壕堑，颠踬地走上那小坡上去，希尔达不见康妮，正在那儿恼怒着走下车来。 + + "啊！你来了！"希尔达说，"他在哪儿呢？" + + "他不来了。" + + 当康妮拿着她的小手囊上车去的时候，她的脸上流着眼泪，希尔达把风帽和眼镜交给她。 + + "戴上罢"她说。 + + 康妮把掩饰的东西戴上了。然后再穿了一件乘汽车用的外套，变成了一个不能的不象人的东西了。希尔达匆匆地把汽车开动了。她们出了小路，向着大路驶去，康妮回转头去望了望，但是没有目的地见他的影迹。她走了！走了！她苦楚地流着眼泪，这离别来得这样骤然，这样意外！好象是死别似的； + + "谢谢天，你要离开这人一些时日了！"希尔达一边说；一边把车子转着方，免得打克罗斯山的山村落经过。 + + + + 第十七章 + + "你知道，希尔达。"午饭过后，当她们临近来的时候，康妮说："你从来没有过什么是真正的温情，或什么是真正的肉感，假如你从一个同一人的人经验到这两种东西，那是大大不同的。" + + "老天哟，别夸张你的经验罢！"希尔达说，"我从来就没有碰过一个能够和女人亲密能委身于女人的男人，我所需要的便是这一种男人，我并不希罕他们的自私的温情和他们的肉感。我不愿做一个男人的，也不愿做他的取乐的肉机器，我所要的是完备的亲密，而我却得不到。我觉得够了。" + + 康妮思量着这话，完备的亲密！她猜想所谓亲密，便是两个人互相暴露自己。但那是烦恼的事情。在男女关系之中，而不能忘却自我，那是种疾病！ + + "我觉得你在他人之前，太想到你自己了。"她对她的姊姊说。 + + "我希望我至少没有奴隶的天性。"希尔达说。 + + "但是现在你恰恰有这天性呢！也许你是你的自我观念的奴隶。" + + 希尔达开着汽车，静默了一会，康妮这小妮子！竟敢说这闻所未闻的鲁莽话！ + + "我总不是他人对我的观念的奴隶，尤其这个人并不是我的丈夫的仆佣。"她最后狂怒地报复道。 + + "啊，希尔达，你不明白。"康妮泰然说。 + + 她一向总是让她的姊姊支配她的。现在呢，虽然她的心底里有不能言宣的苦痛，但是她却不让另一个女人来支配她了。啊！只这一端便足使觉得解脱了，觉得好象得到了另一个生命似的。从另一个女人的奇异的支配和魔力之下解脱而自由起来！这些女人们是多么可怕哟！ + + 和父亲聚首是使她快乐的事，她一向是他的宠女。她和希尔达住在波尔摩尔区的一家小旅馆里，麦尔肯爵士住在他的惧乐部里，晚上他带女儿们出去，而她们是喜欢和他出去。 + + 虽然他有点害怕他周围的新兴世界，但是他还是个漂亮而强壮的人。他在苏格兰续娶了一位比他年轻而富有的妻子。但是他一有离开她的可能时，他总喜欢在外边优游度日的：这正象他的前妻还在的时候一样。 + + 在歌剧院里，康妮坐他的旁边，他有点他的大腿是肥满的，但依旧是结实而轻快的，这是一个享受过生之乐趣的人的本腿，他的愉快的性情，他的自私，他的固执的放纵无，他的无质侮的肉感，康妮觉得这一切都可以从他的轻快而坚直的两条大腿看出来。这是个真男子！不过他现在已成为一个老人了．这是令人不快的事！因为青春的精华所寄的锐感和温情的力量，是一旦有过便永不消失的，而在他的强壮肥厚的男性的两腿上，却毫无踪影了。 + + 突然，康妮明白两腿的意义了。她觉得两腿的意义比脸孔更为重要。因为脸孔的意义已变成虚焦了。有生命的灵敏的腿，罕有！她望着正厅里的男子们。都是一些黑布懈裹着的脑肠似的大腿，或是一些象套着黑色丧布的瘦削的本竿，或是一些样子好看的提青的腿，但是毫无意义，没有肉感，没有温情，没有锐觉只是些高视步的庸俗的死东西。甚至他父亲所有的肉感都全没有。它们都是被慑服了的，失去了生命的东西。 + + 但是女人们是没有被慑服的！唉！多数女人的可怖的粗大的腿！看了令人震怒，令人想自杀的粗大的腿！或者是些可怜的瘦长木柱！或者是些穿着丝袜的，毫无生气的雅致的小东西！真可怕，这几百万条毫无意义的腿，毫无意义在随处趾高气扬！…… + + 但是康妮在伦敦并不觉得快活，人们好象都是幽灵似的空洞，虽然有时他们也显得活泼和漂亮，但是他们都是没有生命，没幸福的。一切都是空洞荒芜，而康妮呢，她有的却是一个妇人的盲目地渴望幸福的心，渴望确实得到幸福的心。 + + 在巴黎，她至少还感觉得到一点肉感。但这是多么厌倦、疲乏和衰败的肉感。因为缺乏温情而衰败的肉感，厌倦着金钱、金钱、金钱的追逐，甚至厌倦着憎恨与虚荣，简直厌倦得要死！却又不够美国化或伦敦化，去把这厌倦掩藏在机械的嚣声里！唉！那些男子，那结游荡者，那些玩弄女属于得，那些佳看的享受者！他们是多么厌倦！厌倦了，衰败了，因为得不到一点温情，也没有一点温情可以给与。那些能干的，有时是动人怜爱的女子们，对于肉感的真实性是知道一二的：在这一点上，她们是比英国的愚昧的姊妹们胜过一筹的。但是她们对于温情却知道得更少。她们是干枯的，她们的意愿是无穷地干拓，地紧张着的，她们也正在衰败。人类的世界渐渐在衰败下去。也许这种世界将变成凶暴的破坏者，变成一种无政府状态，克利福和他的保守的无政府主义！也许不久便再也不是"保守的"了。也许将要变成最过激的无政府状态了。 + + 康妮开始惧怕这世界了。有时，她在巴黎的大街，或布兰林中，或卢森堡公园里，也觉得着一时的快乐。但是巴黎已经充满着一些装束古怪的美国人，和一些到了国外便令人讨厌的阴沉的英国人了。 + + 她高兴地离开了巴黎去继续她们的旅程，天气突然变得很热了，所以希尔达决意通过，经布冷纳山道，然后从多罗米山地而至威尼斯。希尔达喜欢自己驾驶汽车，爱料理一切的事情，事事由她作主。康妮却乐得清闲安静。 + + 沿途的确是很适意的。但是康妮不住地自己说："我为什么一点光趣都没有？为什么什么都引不起我的兴趣？多么可怖，我对于风景都失掉兴趣了！那是可怖的！我象圣伯纳德似的，他渡了过卢塞思湖，却连青山绿水都没有看见。风景既然再也不使我发生兴趣了，那么为什么要强迫自己去欣赏？为什么？我不！" + + 是的，她在法国、瑞士、提罗尔和意大利都找不以有生气的东西，她只象货物似的，被运载着，打这些地方经过，并且这一切都比勒格贝更不真实，比那可怖的勒格贝更不真实！ + + 至于人们呢！他们都是一样的，没有什么大不了的地方。他们都想您掏腰包，否则，假如他们是游客的话，他们便无论如何都得寻找快乐，好象把石头挤出血来似的找寻。可怜的山峦！可怜的风景！它们邦昨给人挤，挤出点小快活、小乐趣来。这些决心享乐的人们，究竟有什么意义？ + + "不！"康妮对自己说，"我宁愿留在勒格贝。那儿，动静。由我，不用鉴赏什么，不用做作什么。这种旅客的寻乐。实在是太单屈的，太无聊的！" + + 她想回勒格贝去，甚至回埂克利福那里去。甚至回到那可怜的残刻的克利福那里去。无论如何，总不象这些暑假游历的傻子们一般的傻呢。 + + 但是在她的内心里，她却没有想那另一个人，她和他的联系决不可中断。啊！决不可中断，否则她便要迷失了，便要完全地迷失在这些有钱的废人和雪乐虫中间了。啊！这些雪乐虫！啊！"离乐"！这是令人作呕的另一种摩登花样。 + + 她们把汽车停在梅斯脱的一家汽车行里，坐了定时航行的汽船到威尼斯去，那是一个可爱的夏天午后。湖水起着涟漪。在彼岸背向着她们的威尼斯，在庞大的太阳光下，显得朦胧暗淡， + + 到了码头后，她们换了一只游艇，把地址告诉了舟子。那是个普通的舟子，穿着件蓝带白的宽外衣：相貌并不很好看，一点特别的地方都没有。 + + "是的！埃姆拉达别墅！是的！我认得的！那里的一位先生坐过我的船，但是离这儿很远呢。" + + 他看来是个孩子气气的躁急的家伙。他躁得有些过甚地划着船，经过那些两边起着可怖的粘腻的绿寺的小运河，这些小河经过一些穷苦人家的区域，那儿，看得见洗涤过的衣物高高地挂在绳七，并且有一股乍浓乍淡的阴沟气味。 + + 但是她们终于来到了两边有行人道的空阔的运河，上面跨着下结拱桥，河道笔直，和大运河适成直角。他们坐在小船筵下面，舟子高踞在她们的后边。 + + "小姐们要在埃姆拉达别墅久住吗？"他一边说，一边从容地划着船，并且用一条自黑带蓝的手巾揩着脸的汗。 + + "约莫二十天的样子，我们俩都是结了婚的太太。"希尔达说，她的奇沉哑的声音，使她的意大利话说得更难听。 + + "啊！二十天！"那个人说。过了一会他又问道："太太们，在这二十天内要不要雇一只艇子？按日计算，或者按星期计算？" + + 康妮和希尔达考虑着。在威尼斯，总是有一部分自己的游艇好，正如在陆地上，总是有一部自己的汽车好一样。 + + "别墅里有什么船？" + + "有一只小汽车船，也有一只游艇，但是……"这个"但是"是说：它们不是你们的。 + + "你要多少钱？" + + 他要三十先令一天，十金镑一星期。 + + "这是通常的价钱么？"希尔达道。 + + "比通常的价钱更便宜，太太，通常是……" + + 姊妹俩考虑着。 + + "好吧！"希尔达说，"你明天早上来，我们再定夺吧。你叫什么么名字？" + + 他叫佐万尼，他问他应该在几点钟来，应该找哪一位。希尔达没有名片，康妮把她的给了他一张。他的热烈的南国人的蓝色，迅疾地往上瞥了一瞥，然后又望了一望。 + + "啊！"他说，脸孔光亮了起来，"男爵夫人！男爵夫人，是不是" + + "柯士登沙男爵夫人！"康妮说。 + + 埃拇拉达别野是很无宾，在那浅湖的边上，面对着纪奥遮。房子并不很老，。却很可爱，上面的平台前临大海，下面是个树木葱笼的花园，从湖边起着一道围墙绕着。 + + 主人是个有点粗俗的笨重的苏格兰人，他大战前在意大利发了一笔大财。因为在大战中十分爱国，所以封了爵士。他的女人是那种清瘦、苍白、泼辣的人，她私人是没有财产的。她的不幸的地方，便是要管束她的丈夫的有点龌龊的招峰引蝶的行为。但是在冬季里，他发了一场小病，现在他是比较容易被驾驭了。 + + 别墅差不多住满了客，除了麦尔具体地说爵士和他的两个女儿外，还有七位客人：一对苏格兰夫妇，也带了两个女儿；一位是年轻的意利的伯爵夫人，她是个寡妇；一位是年轻的乔治亚亲王；另一位断纪还劝的英国牧师，他因为患过炎，现在在亚力山大爵士的小教堂里主事，藉此休养身体。那位亲王是个囊空如洗的漂亮人物，厚颜无耻，拿来做个车夫是很不错的！伯爵夫人是个沉静的小猫猫，她有她自己的小勾当。那牧师是个从巴克斯教会来的经验缺乏头脑简单的人；他侥幸地把他的女人和两个孩子留在家里。那苏格兰夫妇一家四口一他们姓加丝利，是爱丁堡的坚实的中等阶级人家，他们坚实地享受一切，事事敢做敢说，只要自己不吃亏。 + + 康妮和希尔达立即把要王排挤了。加丝利一家人，多少是她们的同种人，很实在，但是令人讨厌。他们的两个女儿正在找丈夫。牧师并不是一个坏家伙，就是太繁文缛礼了。亚力山大爵干呢，自从他发了小病后，在他的欢快中总是带着一种可怕的呆滞，但是家里来了这么许多美丽的少妇们，依然是一件使他心迷目乱的事情。他的太太一柯泊爵士夫人，是个沉静的善阿澳的妇人。可怜她并不怎么快乐，她只冷静地留心着所有的女子，这竞成了她的第二天性了。她说些冷酷的卑劣的闲话，那证明她对于一切人类天性是多么瞧不起。康妮觉得她对于仆人是非常阴毒虐待的，不过她的样子很静罢了。她巧妙地使亚力山在爵士相信"他"是一家之主和王候，因为他有那自以为快活的隆然大腹，他有那使人厌烦的笑在他有那"滑稽性"一依希尔达的说法。 + + 麦尔肯爵士作着他的绘画。是的，他还想在有时间时画一幅威尼斯的水景。这种水景和他的苏格兰风景比起来是相异的。于是每天早晨，他带了大画布，乘着游艇到他的取景处去。稍迟一点，柯泊夫人有时也带了画簿和颜色，乘游艇到市区中心去，她是个执迷不悟的水彩画家，满屋里尽是一幅一幅的玫瑰色宫殿，暗淡的运河拱桥，中古时代的建筑物。再迟一点，便是加丝利一家人，亲王，伯爵夫人，亚力山在爵士，有时是牧师林德先生，乘船到丽岛去洗浴。大家都回得晚，午餐总是在一点半左右的。 + + 别墅里宾主聚会的时候，是特殊地令人厌烦的。但是姊妹俩却用不着埋怨。好司令部整天都在外边。好司令部的父亲带她们去看展览会；几里路几里路的令人头痛的图画。他带她们上卢齐西别墅去看他的老朋友。天热的晚上，他和她们坐在皮亚沙上面的佛负边咖啡馆里。他带她们上剧院，去看哥多尼的戏剧。有的是灯彩辉煌的水上游艺会，有的是跳舞场。这是所有游乐城市中的一个游乐场城市。丽岛上，挤拥着成千成万的阳光晒赤了的或穿着轻便的睡衣裤的肉体，好象是个无限的海豹从水中出来在那里配偶的海滨。皮亚沙的人太多了，丽由的人类肢体太多了，游艇太多了，汽船太我了，轮船太多了，鸽儿太多了，冰冻饮食太多了，醇酒太多了，等小帐的仆人太多了，不同的语言太多了，阳光太多了，威尼斯的气味太多了，一船船的杨梅太多了，丝围巾太多了，大块的西瓜，生牛肉片似的摆在货摊上，太多了，娱乐太多了，唉！太多太多的娱乐！ + + 康妮和希尔达穿着夏季的轻便衣裳，东穿西窜。她们认识许多的人，许多的人认识她们。葛地里蔑克里斯象个不受欢迎的人出现在她们面前："喂，怎么！你们住在哪儿？来吃杯冰激淋或什么东西吧！和我乘我的游艇上什么地方去罢。"甚至蔑克里斯都差不多给太阳晒赤了。其实不如说给太阳尊焦了，才更适合于这一大堆人内的那种光景。 + + 在某点上说来，那是有趣的，那差不多可说是快乐，总之，痛饮醇酒，身体浸在暖水里，在炙人的沙上晒太阳。在暖热的夜里，循着乐队的喧声跳舞，肚儿抵着肚儿。吃些冰冻东西凉快下来，这是个完美的麻醉剂。他们全体所需要的，便是麻醉剂；静流之水，是麻醉剂；太阳，是麻醉剂；跳舞、纸烟、醇酒、冰、苦艾酒，都无非是麻醉剂。麻醉！那便是享乐那！便是享乐！ + + 希尔达是半喜欢麻醉的。她喜欢望着所有的女人，猜想着她们是什么人，干什么的。女人对于女人的兴趣是十分浓厚的。她是否漂亮？她勾上的是什么男子？她得到的是什么乐趣？……男子们象是一些穿白色法兰绒裤的大狗，等待着被人爱抚。等待着打滚作乐，等待着在音乐声中，用他们的肚皮去摩擦一个女人的肚皮。 + + 希尔达喜欢跳舞，因为他可以把她的肚皮贴着一个所谓男子汉的肚皮，并且让他从那内脏的中央引导着跳的动作，在场中四处打转，然后她可以悄悄地走开，把那"脚色"忘记了。他只不过被利用一下罢了，可怜的康妮，她却有点闷闷不泺。 + + 她不愿跳舞，因为她简直就不能把她的肚皮去磨擦他人的肚皮。她厌恨这丽岛上成堆成堆的差不多赤裸裸的人肉的聚合一丽岛的水几乎还不够把他们个个浸湿呢。她不喜欢亚力山大爵士和柯泊爵士夫人。她不愿意蔑克里斯和任何人跟着她。 + + 有时，她把希尔达说服了"陪着她渡过浅湖，远远地到了一处荒寂的沙滩上，那儿，她们可以怪孤独的洗浴，把游艇停在礁石的后面，这便是康妮最快乐的时间了。 + + 那时佐万尼多用了一个舟子来帮助他，因为路达远了，而且他在太阳下面汗流如注。佐万尼是个很可爱、对人很亲切的人一意大利人都是这样，却毫无热情。意大利人不是热情的民族；因为热情是深刻的，蕴蓄的。他们易于感动，常常也很亲切起来；但是他们却罕有持续不变的任何热情。 + + 这样，佐万尼早已委身于他的两位太太了，正如他过去曾委身于无数的其他太太们一样他已毫无犹豫地甘心卖身于她们，假如她们要他的话；他暗暗地希望着她们要他。她们定会给他一注可观的缠头，那便巧妙了，因为他正准备结婚。他告诉她们于他的结婚的事，而她们也觉得有味地听着。 + + 他想，横渡这浅湖到那种荒寂的沙滩上去，大概总是那回事：所谓那回事便是！爱。所以他叫了个帮手，因为路是远的，而且城有两位太太呢。两位太太便得两条鱼！高明的计算！况且是两位鲜丽的太太哟！他想到这个便不禁得意起来，虽然给钱和发命令的是那位大大太，但他却颇希望那位年轻的男爵夫人会选中他去担任那回事。她给的钱一定也会更多的。 + + 他带来的助手叫丹尼。他并不是真正的游艇舟子，所以他没有那种卖笑男姐的神气。他本来是个大船上的船户，这种大船是运载附近岛屿所产的水果和其他出品到威尼斯来的。 + + 丹尼生得标致，身材高大美好，他的圆整的头上，长得淡褐色的细密的卷发。他有一个雄狮似的好看的男子的脸孔，和两只相离很无的蓝色的眼睛，他不象佐万尼似的媚态洋溢、饶舌和嗜酒如命。他静默着，他从容地有力地划着浆，旁若无人。太太们是太太们，和他是远隔关睥。他甚至瞧也不瞧她们，他只望着前面。 + + 这是一个真男子，当佐万尼喝多了，笨掘地乱拔着浆的时候，他便恼怒起来。这是一个男子，正如梅乐士是一个男了，一样是个威武不屈贫贱不移的人，康妮不禁替那放荡的佐万尼的妻室怜惜起来。但是丹尼的妻定是个威尼斯的妖媚可爱的民间妇女之一，这种妇女，我们还可以见到，她们住在这迷宫似的城市的幽僻的地方，幽雅朴素得如花一样。 + + 唉！多么悲哀的事！起先是男了了买妇子的身，现在却是女子买男子的身了，佐万尼渴想着出卖他自己，象一只狗似地流口沫希冀着把自己送给一个女人。为了金钱！ + + 康妮遥望着威尼斯：红粉的颜色。低低地铺在水上。它是金钱建筑起来的，它是金钱繁荣起来的，并且也是金钱把它杀死的。啊！这致死的金钱！金钱！金钱！卖身与死！ + + 虽然这样，丹尼却依旧是个男子，他有着一个男子的自愿的忠贞。他并没有穿上游艇舟子的那种宽外衣，他穿的是件蓝色的毛线短衫。他有的粗野和骄的神气，他是那卑鄙的佐万尼的受雇者，而佐万尼却是两个女子的受雇者。世界便是这样！当耶稣拒绝了恶魔的金钱的时候，他却让这恶魔成了个犹太银行家似的，把一切权威都握在手里了。 + + 康妮理理迷迷地从湖水的光照中回家去时。全明一些家里的来信在等着她。克利福是按时有信来的，他写得一手好信，他的信都是可以拿来出版的。因此康妮也就觉得他的信没有多大意思。 + + 他在那湖光照耀的晕迷中，在盐质的气氛中，在空旷处，在虚无缥缈中生活着。好迅着健康的生活，她感到一种健康的迷醉。这太舒适了，象躺在摇篮中似的，一切都置之度外。况且她已经怀孕了，她现在已经知道了。因此，晒着太阳，呼吸着盐质的湖水空气，作着海水浴，或躺在沙滩上，或寻觅着介壳，或乘着游潭无地、远远浮荡，……这种种迷醉，再加上她身里的孕这另一种令人适意的、迷醉的、丰富的健康，于是她的迷醉是到了无经复加的地步了。 + + 她在威尼斯已经半个月了，她还有十天或半个月的勾留。太阳使她忘记了时间，而她丰富的肉体的健康，使她的忘记更其完全了。好幸福的迷醉祥。 + + 直至克利福的一封信才把她惊醒 + + 我们也有一场本地的小风波。听说守猎人梅乐士的前妇。突然地跑回村舍里去，受了个不太恭的款待。他把她撵了出去，然后把门上了锁。但是，人说，当他从树林里回去的时候，他发现那不再佳丽了的妇人，纯粹地一丝不挂一不如说淫污地一丝不挂罢，稳然占据在他的床上，她是打碎了一块玻璃进去的。既无法把这有点疲乏了的维娜丝从他床上驱逐，他只好鸣金退兵。据说，他是退避到达娃斯哈的母巢去了。于是司德门的维娜斯占据了那村舍，她声称那是好家，而阿波罗呢，似乎是住在达娃斯哈了，这是传闻所得，因为梅乐士并没有来亲自见我。这些废话是从我们的废话鸟，我们的朱莺，我们的吃腐肉的几鹰波太太那里听来的。"假如这个妇人在这邻近的话，夫人决不愿再到林中去了的！"假如波太太没有说这种话，我是决不愿向你提起这事的。我很喜欢你的对于麦尔肯爵士跨步入水时候的写生见拂着他的白发，阳光照耀着他的鲜红的肉。我羡慕你们的太阳，这儿自在苦雨呢。但是我并不羡慕麦尔肯爵士积习而成的对人间肉欲的苦恋。不过，在他这年岁儿也怪不得。一个人似乎是越者越留恋人间的肉欲，只有青春才能体会不朽的滋味。 + + 在幸福迷醉中的康妮，听了这个消息，烦恼到差不多激怒起来。同在是不得不被那个凶恶的妇人所纠缠了！她没有接过梅乐士的信，他们俩是相约过不要写信的，但是她现在需要从他那里得到直接消息了，他毕竟是她身里怀着的孩子的父亲，让他写罢！ + + 但是多么可恨！现在一切都扰乱了！那些下层阶的人民是多么可憎！这儿的阳光，这儿的终日优游的生涯较之那的国米德兰的忧郁的一团糟，是多么可爱！开朗的睛空，结竟可以说是生命中最紧要的东西啊！ + + 她没有向人提起过她与怀孕的事，甚至对希尔达也不说，她写了封信给波太太探问详细的情形。 + + 埃姆拉达别墅里，从罗马新来了一位艺术家旦肯·霍布斯，这是他们的朋友。他现在陪着她们乘游艇出去，在浅湖的彼岸和她们一起洗浴，处处护从着她们。这是个沉静的、差不多寡言的青年，对于艺术的造诣是很深的。 + + 她接到了一封波太太的信。夫人，我保准你见了克利福男爵时是要高兴的。他正在容光焕发，充满着希望地刻苦工作着。不用说，他天天望着你回来，家里自从夫人走后最沉闷的，等夫人回来时，我们大家都要高兴了。关于梅乐士先生的事，我不晓得克利福男爵对你说了多少。事情似乎是一天午后，他的女人突然地跑回来了。当他从林里归家时，发现她坐在门槛上，她对他说，她是他的合法妻子，好在回来了，要和他重新相储度日，并且不愿离婚，因为梅乐士先生似乎正在提出离婚的要求。但是他却不听话，不肯让她进去，并且他自己也没有进去，门也没开便回树林里去了。但是那天晚上他回去时，他看见窗户给人打碎了。于是他跑到楼上看她干的什么勾当。他发现她一丝不挂地在他床上，他提议给她钱，但是她说她是他的妻，他得把她收回，他们间究竟怎样闹了一场，我也不很清楚，他的母亲对我谈及这种种，她是非常烦恼的，总之，他对她说，他宁死而不愿再和她同居，于是他拿了他的东西，一直回达娃斯哈他的母亲家里，他在那儿过了一夜，第于天他打花园里进树林，没有定近村舍去，那天他似乎没有见他的女人，但是隔了一天，她却跑到北加利她的哥哥名叫丹的家里去，呼天喊地发誓，说她是他的合法的妻，并且他曾在村舍里有过女人，因为她在他的抽屉里找到了一瓶香水，在炉灰上找到了一些名贵的纸烟头，和其他不知什么东西，而且送信的人一佛列·吉克，似乎说过，他有一天大清早，听见梅乐士先生卧室里有人说话，并且在小路上有汽车的痕迹。 + + 梅乐士先生继续住在他母亲家里，他到树林里去时是打花园里进去的，而她似乎也继续留在村舍里，外面闲话说个不了，于是最后梅乐士先生和唐斐立听到村舍里去，把大部分的家修养和床褥搬走了，把抽水管的柄取下了，因此她也只好滚蛋。但是她并不回史德门去，她却去住在北加利的史横太太家里，因为她的嫂嫂不要她了，她不断地到梅乐士妈妈家里去追他，并且开始对人发誓，说她曾和他在村舍里睡过，她找了一个律师，要求他给赡养费，她比以前更肥胖了，而且更下贱了，而且强壮得象一头牡牛。她到处向人说些关于他的最难堪的话，说他在村舍里留女人，说他们结婚后他怎样的行为，他迫她受一切下贱野蛮的事情，和一切我也说不清的事，多么可怖！一个妇人开口的时候，她什么恶作不出来！不论她多么下贱，总有人会相信她；而丑低之词将传扬开去，她把梅乐士先生说成一个对待女子又下贱又残暴的人的样子，简直是令人震怒的，但是人们是怪怪易相信谤的话的，尤其是关于这一类事情的话，她宣称如果他活一日，她便不让一日好过，但我却对自己说，假如他对她是这么残暴的话，为什么她还是这么焦急着要回他家里？当然，她是快到停经时期的人了，因为她比他大好几岁呢，这些庸欲粗野的妇人，当停经时期来到的时期，总是要变成半疯狂的。 + + 这信给了康妮一个大魇打击，现在。毫无疑义地，她是要混在这谗言丑语之中了，她恼怒他连一个自篱·古蒂斯都奈何不了，她甚至恼怒她干吗和她结婚，也许她真是有点下贱的某种倾向吧，康妮想起那最后的一夜，她灭禁战起来，那种种的肉感，他竟和白黛·古蒂斯这么一个女人共有过！那真是有点令人作呕了。也许最好是脱离他，完全避开他，他也许让真是个庸俗下贱的人呢。 + + 她对于这整个事情的情感剧变了，她差不多要羡慕加丝利姊妹俩的不谐世务和痴憨的少女天真了，现在，她生怕她和守猎人的事被人知道"那是多么不可言宣的屈辱！她觉得厌倦，惧怕，她切望过着一种体面封锁理的生活，假如克利福知道了她的事，那是多么不可言宣的屈辱！她恐惧着惊怖这个社会和它的污秽的中伤，她差希望她能屏除那个孩子，避免了一切，简言之，她是陷在一种畏缩怯懦的情境中。 + + 至于那瓶香水，那全是她的不是。她就忍不住她的孩子气的发作，更把他抽屉里的几条手巾和他的衬衣芒香起来，又把那小半瓶高锹的野罗兰香水留在那里，她想使他闻到了这香水而想起她。至于纸烟头，那是希尔达留下的。 + + 她不能自禁地对旦肯·霍布斯倾诉。她并没有说她已经是那守猎人的情人，她只说她喜欢他，并且把他的历史告诉霍布斯。 + + "啊！"霍布斯说，"你瞧吧，他们是非打倒这个人不可的，假如他不愿攫着机会爬到中等阶级去，假如他是个维护他自己的性的人，那么他便完了，人们唯一不让你的事，使是对于性这东西的爽直和坦白。至于于你是怎样的龌龊，人却不管，中实上你对于性爱愈龌龊的话，那便要打倒你。这是人类所剩下的最后的一个野蛮的禁忌：他们不愿听说性爱是个自然的、基要的机能。假如你想用这机能，他们便要杀你。你瞧罢，他们将把那个人穷迫到死的。毕竟，他有什么不是？说是他和他的妻的性爱太狂了，这不是他的权利么？她还应该引为荣呢！但是，你看，甚至一下流的东西如他的妻，都要起来反对他，而且挑拨暴民的野狗似的反对性爱的本能来推倒他。在实行性爱以前，你得象一只狗似的闻闻嗅嗅，觉得犯罪而难过。啊，他们是要把这可怜的家伙穷迫到死的。" + + 现在，康妮的情感又在另一方面剧变。毕竟他有什么不是？他对于她自己一康妮，又有什么不是？他给过她美妙的快乐的一种自由的、欣欣向荣的感觉，他把她身上困着的自然而温暖的性流的水闸打开了。这了这个，他便将被人穷迫到死。 + + 啊，不，那是不应该的！她的心里看见他，赤裸裸的，白析析的，只有脸孔和两手是赤色的，他闭着，对她挺起的阴说着话，仿佛它是另一个人似的，他的脸上接着那奇异的苦笑，她听见他的声音："您有的是最美丽的妇人的臀儿！……"她觉得他的搀在热烈地、温柔地爱抚着她的臀部，爱抚着她的秘密的地方，好象是个祝福的表示。一种热力在她的子宫里流过，一些小小的火焰在她的两膝上摇曳。她说："啊，不！我决不能退缩！我决不能把他抛弃！无论如何，我定要依附他和他给铁东西！我的温暖的、光芒的生命是他给的，我不退缩。" + + 她做了件冒失的事。她写了封信给波太太，里面封了一封短函叫小驮庄转交给他，她给他写道： + + 我听了你的种种烦恼，觉得非常痛苦；但是你宽心罢，那只是一种歇斯底里罢了，那是来得骤然，而去得也骤然。便是我是十分抱歉的，我很希望你不致过于忧心。那究竟是不值得的。她不过是个想给你点苦头的歇斯底里的妇人罢了，我在十天内使要归去，我希望一切都将顺适。 + + 我听说你们打算十六日离开威尼斯，真是高兴得很。但是假如你在那边很快活的话，那便不必急急于回家。我们很怀念你。勒格贝没有了你也太空洞了，但是最要紧的还是你多多地享受阳光，阳光与睡衣裤，好象丽岛的广告上说的。所以。要是你在那儿觉得很愉快，并且对你的健康有进益，以准备度我们的严冬的话，那到你就请多留一些时日吧，拿今天说，这儿就下着雨呢。 + + 波太太勒勉可靠地侍候我。她真是个怪异的人类标本。我越活着便越觉得人类是奇怪的生物。让多人是很可以象蜈蚣似地有一百条腿。或象龙是似的有六条腿。人类的一致，和一个人所希冀于他人的尊严，实际上仿佛是不存在的，我们甚至要怀疑这两种东西本身是否存在。 + + 守猎人的非议日见增大，如雪球滚地一般，波太太供给着我种种消息，她使我联想到一条鱼，鱼虽然是不会说话，但是只要它是活着，它的腮好象总是在呼吸着沉默的闲言，一切都打她的腮筛里经过，并且没有使她惊异的事情，仿佛他人的事故，是好怕生命所必需的氧气似的。 + + 她很留心着梅乐士的事件，假如我让她开口的话，她便要把我引到深底里去。她对于梅乐士的女人是无限愤慨的一甚至这样她也象是舞台上的女优般的愤慨一她坚持叫她白黛，古蒂斯。我曾经到过白黛·古蒂斯的污浊的生活的深处；当我从那滔滔的闲话里解脱出来，慢慢地重新浮出水面的时候，我望着光明的阳光，惊异着怎么能有这么一种生活。 + + 我觉得绝对的真，我们所眼见的这个世界，实际上是个深深的海底；所有的树木是海底植物，我们自己是海底的奇民蝗或鳞甲动物，我们象小是似地以腐物饱腹。只有灵魂偶尔从我们所住的这深不可测的地方，喘息着浮了起来，远远地浮到有真空气的以太的水面，我确信我们普通所吸的空气是水之一种，而我们男男女女都是鱼类之一种。 + + 但是在海底掠食后的灵魂，有时也会象海鸥似的、狂喜地向着光明展冀疾飞。我想，我们在那人类的海底野林中掠食着我们水族同类的狞恶的生命，是我们的死运吧。但是我们不朽的命运却是逃走，一旦蚕咽了我们的粘腻的掠物后，我们便从这古老的海洋冲出，重回到光辉的以太里，重回到真正的光明里，那时我们便了解我们有个永久的天性。 + + 当我听着波太太说话时，我觉得我自己是在沉着，沉着，沉到了海底里，那儿，神秘的人类鱼在打转，在游泳，肉欲来潮的时候，他们攫住了一块肉食，然后向着高处上升，上升，从浓雾里到以太里，从低湿处到干爽处。对你，我可以将这整个的程序解释，但是和波太太，我只觉得很可怖地向下，向下沉着，沉到了那绝底的海藻与死灰色的妖怪中间。 + + 我恐怕我们的守猎人要走了，逃妇所引起的丑事，不单没有缓和下去，反而愈来愈见扩大了。她遣责他一切不可名状的事情。说也奇怪，她竞有法子使大部分的矿工的妻子们,可怖的鱼类站在她的后面，村里是给渊言所腐化了。 + + 我听说这位白黛。古蒂斯，把村舍和小屋搜索一番后，到梅乐士母亲家里把梅乐士罗唣了一场，有一天，她的女儿散学回来时，她想把这酷肖母亲的东西带走。但是这小儿女，不但没有吻她慈母的手，反而把她狠狠地咬了一日，这一来，慈母的另一只手给了她一个耳光，把她蹒跚地打落沟渠里，那位愤懑窘迫的祖母才把她救了出来。 + + 这妇人在她的周围，喷布了惊人的大量的毒气。她把夫妻生活的一切大小情节都播散出去，这种种情节在普通夫妇之间是只有埋藏在婚姻的沉默的扩墓之量深处的，在十年的安葬之后，她再发掘了出来，好个异样的陈列！这些详情我是从林来和医生那里听来的，医生觉得那是伴娱人的事情，自然，个中一切都是毫无意义的。人类一向就是婪无厌地探究着性交的特殊姿式的，假如一位丈无喜欢和他的女人"意大利式"地一如赛凌尼的说法一尽情尽意，又有什么不可呢，那不过是嗜好的问题罢了。不过我却没有想到我们的守猎人也能玩这许多戏法。无疑地那是白黛·古蒂斯启蒙他的。无论如何，那是他们自家的家丑，与他人是毫无关系的。 + + 虽然，大家都在听着，正和我自己一样，在十年前，只要普通的廉耻心便足把这种事件窒息。但是普通的廉耻心不再存在了，矿工的妻子们从头到脚都武装起来了，再也无法使她们缄默了。人一定要以五十年来达娃斯哈的孩子们个个都是圣胎所出，我们的背教的妇女们，个个都和琼·达尔克一般光荣。我们的可敬的守猎人竟有拉伯雷的的倾向，这在村人的眼中似乎使他变得比一个杀人凶手如巨立朋更其怪庚而令人发指，可是然种种传说看来，达娃斯哈村里这些人民也是荒淫不羁的。 + + 困难的地方便是这可恶的白黛·古蒂斯并不安于她自己的苦痛经验，她到处呼号着她发现了她的丈夫在村舍里"留"女子，并且胆敢指出人名。于是几个可敬的名字便被曳在污泥里了；事情竟闹到使人不得不下个拘禁她的命令。 + + 梅乐士已不能使那妇人不到林中去，所以我不得不叫他来把事情问个详细。他和往常一样地踱来踱去，好象说："别管我的事，我也不管你的！"可是，我却十分怀疑他自己觉得象个尾巴上缚了个洋锡罐的狗，虽然他装做详锡罐并不在那里的怪自然的样子，但是我听人说，当他经过村里的时候，妇人们都把她们的孩子叫开，好象他是沙德候爵的化身似的，他是一味的鲁莽，但是我恐怕他尾巴上的罐子缚得紧紧以的，并且他内心里象堂罗德里哥似的念着那句西牙短歌："唉！我犯罪的那个地方，现在被咬伤了！" + + 我问他是不是尽林中的职务，他说他相信并没有疏忽他的职务。我对他说，他的女人在林中这样打扰是件讨厌的事。他答道，他没有法子制止她。然后我暗示他那件不名誉的事情，是越来越难听了。"是的，"他说，"人们应该只管自己的床第间事，那么他们便少听他人的床第间闲话了。" + + 他说这话是带点苦味，而无疑是真的，但是他说这庄的样子，既不文雅，又不尊敬。我把这个意思暗示给他，这一来我听见了那样锡罐在响起来："克利福男爵，象您这样情境的人，是不应该责备我的两腿间有一条鳖鱼的。" + + 这种事情，不分皂白地逢人便说，当然于他是毫无益处的，因此我们的牧师和林来，和波劳斯，大家都以为最好是将他辞退了。 + + 我问他在村舍里留女子的事是否真的。他说："那与你有什么关系呢，克利福男爵？"我对他说，在我的林园里面，是不容不正经的事的。他却答道："那么，你得把所有妇人的嘴都扣起来。"一当我迫着问他在村舍里的生活情形时，他说："你尽可以把我和我的化狗儿佛萝茜捏造一些秽史。那给你一个好的漂亮的题目！"真的，他的鲁莽无礼，是无人能出其右的。 + + 我问他另外去找个位置是否容易。他说："假如你这话是暗示我滚蛋，那么再容易没有了。"这样，他毫不反对地在下星期末离开此地，而且他似乎愿意把这职业的种种秘密传授给他的代替者，乔·钱伯斯，一个年轻的家伙，我提议在他定的时候，多给一个月的薪水。他说我还是留着这钱好，因为我的良心无法安静。我问他这话是什么意思，他说："克利福男爵，你没有另外欠我什么，所以不要多绘我什么。假如你还有什么不满的话要说的，便只管说罢。" + + 好了，此刻事情是完结了！那妇人是走了，我们也不知道她上哪儿去了。但是颗达娃斯哈露面的话，她是要被拘禁起来的，我听说她是最怕坐牢的，因为她实在太应份了。梅乐士将于下星期本离开，那地方不久也便重返原状了。 + + 我亲爱的康妮，假如你觉得快活的话，你就在威尼斯或瑞士留在八月初罢，你能远隔着这些污秽的谣诼，我是觉得欣快的，这些谣琢到了月底便可以全息了。 + + 我看，我们是海底的妖怪，当一条龙虾在泥上走过时，它把水给大家搅了，我们只好坦然受之啊！ + + 克利福信里的激恼和任何同情心的缺乏，给康妮的印象是很坏的。但是当，她接到梅乐士的下面那封信时，她对于事情才明白些了： + + 秘密是刺穿一袋子里的猫定出来了，而且还带着种种小猫呢。想来你已经听到了，我的妻白黛，向我的无情的臂里回来了，而且卜居于村舍里，那儿一说句不恭敬的话一那小瓶高狄香水，在她的鼻子里却是老鼠味儿。在几天内，她没有找到旁的东西，然后，那张焚的像片，使她狂号起来，她在杂物间里发现了玻璃和框板。不幸地，在那框上板上，有人涂了一些小画，和几个省笔名字：c．d．r，起初，这还不能供给什么线索，直至她跑到小屋里去，在那里发现了一本你的书一女伶朱狄英的一本自传，在第一页上，写有你的名字constancestewartreid，得了这个后，她便到处狂叫了几天，说我的情妇不是别人，就是果太莱男爵夫人自己，这消息终于传到了牧师、波劳斯先生和在狮福男福的耳朵里，于是他们把我的好太太告到官里去，她是个怕警察或怕死的，听了便逃之天天了。 + + 克利福男爵要见我，于是我便到他那里去，他把事情说来说去，好象恼恨我的样子，然后他问我知道不知道连查太莱夫人的名字也给人提及了，我说我从来不听谣言，这话竞从克利福男爵嘴里听得，是使我惊异的，他说，这自然是个绝大的侮辱，我答道，在我的洗涤间里，接了个日历，上面有个玛丽王后的像，无疑地因为王后是我的阿房宫里的一个宫女子。但是他并不赏识这个笑话，她差不多派我是个不如裤钮在外面走路的鲁夫，而我也差不多告诉他，无论如何，他是没有东西可以不扣裤钮的，因此他把我辞退了，我将于下星期六离开，这地方将不再认识我了。 + + 我将到伦敦我从前的房东英格太太那里去，她住在高堡广场十七号，她将绘我一个房子，或替我找过房子的。 + + 你可以确信罢，你的罪恶是不会把你放松的，尤其是你是有夫之妇，而她的名字叫做白黛。 + + 信里没有一个字是关于她的，或是给她的，康妮不禁愤恨起来，他很可以说几句抚慰她的，或安她的心里的话，但是她明白他的意思是要让她自由、自由地回勒格贝和克利福那里去。而这也使她愤恨，他何必如此假作毫侠？了对克利福说："是的，她是我的爱人，我的情妇，而我是骄傲！"但是他却没有这个勇气。 + + 那么，在达娃斯哈，她的名字竟和他的混在一起了，可怖的混蛋！但是不久便要静息下来了。 + + 她愤怒着。那是一个复杂而系乱的愤怒，这愤怒使人了生气，她不知做什么好，说什么好，于是她也不说什么，也不做什么，她在威尼斯的生活和以前一样，和旦肯·霍布斯乘游船出去，洗海水浴，让时光轻轻地过去，十年前忧郁地恋爱她的旦肯，现在又爱起她来了，但是她对他说："我希望于男子的只有一件事，便是他们让我安静！" + + 于是旦肯让她安静了，而是毫不生气。虽然，他还是对她流露着一种奇异的颠倒的爱之软流他。他但愿与她亲近。 + + "你有没有想过，"他有一天对她说，"人与人间的关系是多么肤浅？看看丹纪罢！他美得和一个太阳的儿子似的，但是你看，他在她的美中，看来是多么孤独！而我敢打赌，他一定有妻儿，而且这妻儿是他所不能离弃的。" + + "问他自己去罢"康妮说。 + + 旦肯问了他。丹尼说他已经结了婚，生了两个男孩大的九，小的七岁。但是他对于这事实并不流露任何情感。 + + "也许唯有能与他人真正结全听人，才有这种孤独于宇宙之间的外表罢。"康妮说，"此外的人都有着某种胶粘性，他们只知胶粘着群众，和优雅万尼一样。"而她心里想："你，旦肯，也是这一类人。" + + + + 第十八章 + + 她再也不都犹豫了。她决定星期六(他离开勒格贝的那天也是星期六)离开威尼斯。她将于下星期一到伦敦，她便可以会见他了，她给他写了一封信，寄到他的伦敦的地址去，要他回信到哈兰饭店，并且星期一晚上七点到那儿去会她。 + + 她心里感到一种奇异的复杂的愤怒，她所有的感应都好象麻木了。她甚至对希尔达也不愿告以心事，希尔达呢，对她的这种固执的大不高光，很亲切地跟一个荷兰女人交好起来，康妮觉得女人与女人之间这种有点闷抑的亲切是可憎的；反之，希尔达却趋之难不恐不及。 + + 麦尔肯爵士决意和康妮一路回去，旦肯将陪希尔达回来。这老艺术家是养尊处优贯了的人，他买了两张"东方快画"的卧铺票，虽然康妮并不喜欢奢侈的卧车和那种车里的庸俗腐败的氛围。然而坐这种车到巴黎快一些。 + + 麦尔肯爵士回家去见太太时，总是心中局促不安的。这是他的一第一位太太在世的时候传下来的习惯了。但是家里将举行一个松鸡的游猎会，他要及时赶到。阳光晒赤了的美丽的康妮，默默地坐着，把沿作宾景色全都忘了。 + + "回勒格贝去，你觉得有点烦闷的。"她的父亲看到她的郁郁不快的情形时说。 + + "我还说不定是要回勒格贝去呢。"她骤然地说，两只蓝色的大眼睛望着她父亲，他的蓝色的大眼睛，显着一个良心有疚的人的惊愕神情。 + + "你的意思是说要在巴黎待一下么？" + + "不！我是说永不回勒格贝去。" + + 他老人家自己的小烦恼已经够受了，他衷心希望不要再担负她的烦恼。 + + "这是怎么说的，这么突然？"他问道。 + + "我要有个孩子了。" + + 这句话是她第一次对人说的，她的生命好象也随着这句话而裂成两片了。 + + "你怎么知道呢？"她的父亲问道。 + + 她微笑着。 + + "我怎么知道！" + + "当然不是克利福的孩子呢？" + + "对！是另一个人的。" + + 她觉得有点快意地使他捉摸不住地焦急起来。 + + "我认识那个人么？"麦尔肯爵士问道。 + + "不！你从来没有见过他。" + + 静默了很久以后，他说： + + "你打算怎样呢？" + + "我不知道，问题也就在这儿。" + + "没法子跟克利福商量解决么？" + + "我想克利福定喜欢孩子的。"康妮说；"前回你跟他谈话后，他对我说过，假如我有个孩子的话，他决不会介意的，只要我审慎行事。" + + "在这种情况下，这是他唯一的有理智的话，以我想事情是没有什么问题了。" + + "怎么见得？"康妮直望着她父亲的眼睛说，她父亲的眼睛，有点象她自己的，又蓝又大，但是笼罩着某种不安的神情，有时象个不安的幼童的眼睛，有时带着那乖僻自私的样子，通常是欢乐的，小心翼翼的。 + + "你可以给克利福一个查太莱姓的传宗接代的人，而且在勒格贝安置另一个小男爵。" + + 麦尔肯爵士的脸孔上显着半肉感的微笑。 + + "但我想我是不愿意的。"她说。 + + "为什么不？难道你觉得牵挂着那另一个人么？喂！我的孩子，让我告诉你一点真话吧。世界是延续下去的。勒格贝存在着，它将继续存在，世界多少是固定的，我们表面上不得不去适应客观存在。在么认上说，我个人的意见是：我们喜怎样便可怎样。情感是变动的，你今年可以喜欢这人，明年喜欢另一个。但是勒格贝却继续存在着，只要勒格贝忠于你，你便要忠于勒格贝，此外，你什么都可以随意，但是如果你把事情破坏了，你不会得到多大好处的，人要是喜欢破坏的话，你尽可破坏，你有你个人的收入，这是一个人唯一可以依赖的东西，但是破坏了于你是没有多大好处的，给勒格贝一个小男爵：这是件好玩的事情。" + + 麦尔肯爵士重新微笑起来，康妮一声不响。 + + "我希望你终于得到一个真正的男人了。"过了一会他对她说道，肉感地生气勃然。 + + "是的，我实在得到了。不过烦恼也就在这儿。世上真正的男人是罕有的。"她说。 + + "啊，天！这是真的。他沉思着说："的确罕有！那么，我亲爱的，瞧你这这个样子，他是个幸福的人，他决不会给你什么烦恼吧？" + + "啊！不！他完全让我自主。" + + "自然啦！自然啦！一个真男子应该是这样的。" + + 麦尔肯爵士心里觉得高兴。康妮是他的宠女，他一向就喜欢她的女性，她像母亲的地方不象希尔达那么多，而他是一向讨厌克利福的，所以他高兴，他对他的女儿表示着慈蔼的温情，仿佛那未出世的孩子是他的。 + + 他陪她乘车到哈兰饭店去，看她一切安顿了后，才到他的俱乐部去，她说晚上用不着他来陪她。 + + 她得到了梅乐士的一封信。 + + 我不愿到你的饭店里，但是我七点钟在亚当街的金鸡咖啡店的门前候你。 + + 他在那儿等着她，瘦长的身躯，穿着一套薄薄的黑礼服，使他显得非常异要。他有一种自然的卓越的神气，但是没有她那个阶级的人的依式定做的样儿，虽然，她马上瞧出了他是可以到处出头的人。他有一种天生的仪态，那确是楷依式定做的阶级的东西好得多。 + + "呀！你来了！你的气色真好啊！" + + "是的！可是你的脸不见得好。" + + 她不安地望着他的脸，他瘦了，他的颧骨显露出来，但是他的眼睛向她微笑着，她觉得与他是毫无隔阂的。突然。她的维持外表的力量松懈了。一种肉体上的什么东西，从他泛溢出来，那使她的内心觉得安泰、快乐而无羁。她的追求幸福的锐敏的女子本这，立即告诉她：他在时，我是快乐的！威尼斯的所有阳光，并没有给过她这种内在的焕发与温暖。 + + "那件事使你觉得太可怖了吧？"当他们在一张桌子边相对着坐下后，她问道。 + + "人们总是可怖的。"他说，他太瘦了，她现在看出来了，她看见了他的手，和从前一般，象个人睡了的兽类似的，带着士种奇异的忘乎所以的态度放在桌上。她真想拿来亲吻。但是她不太有这胆量。 + + "你难过得很吧？"她说。 + + "是的，我觉得难过，而难过的日子还有呢。我知道我的觉得难过是愚蠢的。" + + "你是不是觉得象一只尾巴上缚了个锡罐的狗？克利福说你有那样的神气呢。" + + 他望着她。此刻对他说这种话，是太残忍了：因为他的自尊心曾受过很大的苦楚。 + + "我想是的。"他说。 + + 她决不知道侮辱对他所引起的狂暴的苦叶泊愤恨呢。 + + 他们沉默了好一会。 + + "你怀念我不？"她问道。 + + "我高兴你远远离那一切。" + + 他们重新沉默着。 + + "但是，人们相信不相信你和我的事情？"她问道。 + + "不！我决不以为他们会相信的。" + + "克利福呢？" + + "我想他也不，他把事情搁在一边不去想它，但是，当然，那使他永不愿再见我的面了。" + + "我就要有个孩子了。" + + 他脸上的、全身的表情全死了，他两只阴郁的眼睛望着她，这种注视是使她莫明其妙的：这象是一种火焰的灵魂在望着她。 + + "告诉我你高兴吧！"她握着他的手恳求道。她看见某种得胜的狂喜，从他的心里流溢出来，但是这种狂喜是给一种她所不明白的东西网结着的。 + + "那是个将来。"他说。 + + "难道你不高兴么？"她坚持着说。 + + "我是很不信任将来的。" + + "但是你不必烦恼要负什么责任的，克利福将接受这个孩子如同已出一般，他一定要高兴的。" + + 她看见他听了这个话苍白在而退缩起来，他不答一词。 + + "你要我回到克利福那里去，而给勒格贝生个小男婴么？"她问道。 + + 他望着她，又苍白又疏远，那狞恶的微微的苦笑挂在他的脸上。 + + "你不必告诉他谁是父亲吧！" + + "啊！"她说，甚至我告诉他，他也要接受这个孩子的。" + + 他思索了一会。 + + "是的！"他最后自言自语地说，他也要的。" + + 他们静默着，他们中间好象有个阔大的深渊似的。 + + "但是你不愿我回克利福那儿去吧，是不是？"她问他说。 + + "你自己愿意怎样呢？" + + "我愿和你同居。"她简单地说。 + + 他听了这话，情不自禁地觉得一些小火焰在他的小腹上奔驰而过，他把头垂下了，然后用他那阴郁的眼睛再望着她。 + + "要是你觉得值得的话。"他说，"我是毫无所有的人。" + + "你有的东西比大多数的男子更多，算了，你自己是知道的。"她说。 + + "是的，在某种程度上我是知道的。"他静思了一会，然后继续说："人家一向说我的女性太浓了，但是这话是不真实的，我不女性并不因为我不喜欢射杀鸟儿，也不是因为我不喜欢弄钱或不喜欢往上爬。我在军队里要往上爬本来是很容易的，但是我却不喜欢军队，虽然我很可以驾驭男子们，他们也喜欢我，而当我发起脾气来的时候，他们便要怕神怕鬼似的怕我。咳，军队之所以是个死东西，绝对地呆笨的死东西，就是那愚昧的、机械的、上峰的权威所造成的。我喜欢男子们，而男子们也喜欢我，但是我就忍受不了那班经营这世界的人们的呓语和摆嗅架子的无耻。这便是我不能上进的缘故，我恨金钱的无耻行为，我恨阶级的无耻行为，在这种世界里，我还有什么可以献给一个女子的东西？" + + "但是为什么要献给什么东西呢？那又不是一个交易，我们不过是互相钟爱罢了。"她说。 + + "不！不！事情不是这么简单的，生活便是前进，我的生命不愿就适当的轨道，简直不愿。所以我是有点象废物似的，我没有权利使一个女子进入我的生活，除非我的生活有所作为有所成就一至少是内在地，能使我们俩常觉新鲜奋发。男子应该把他生活中的下结有意及的东西献给女子，假如这个生活将是孤立的，假如这个女子是个真庄女子！我不能只做你的男性拼妇。" + + "为什么不呢？"她说。 + + "咳，因为我不能，而且你转眼便要厌恨这种生活的。" + + "你这话说得好象你不能信赖我似的。"她说。 + + 他苦笑着。 + + "钱是你的，社会地位是你的，一切将由你主决。总之，我只是太太的肉满足者罢了。" + + "此外你还是什么呢？" + + "我不怪你疑问。无疑地那是看不见的。可是，我对于自己，并不妄自轻贱。我明白我自己的生存的意义，虽然我也很了解旁人是不明白的。 + + "难道和我同居后，你的生存的意义便要减少了么？" + + 他停了很久才答道： + + "也许" + + 她也迟地思索着。 + + "什么是你的生存的意义呢？" + + "我告诉你，那是看不见的。我不相信世界，我不相信金钱，我不相信进步，我不相信我们的文明的将来，假如人类是有个将来的话，那便得有个大大的变换。" + + "那么真正的将来是怎样的呢？" + + "上帝才知道！我觉得我的心里有一种什么东西和无限的愤怒混合着。但是那确切是什么，我却不知道。" + + "我要我告诉你么？"她望着他的脸说，你要我告诉你有的是什么东西么？那是他人所没有的，而且是创造将来的东西，你要我告诉你么？" + + "告诉我吧，"他答道。 + + "那是你自己的温情的勇气；当你的手放在我的臀部，说我有个美丽的臀部的时候，便是那个东西。" + + 他的脸上显着苦笑。 + + "对了！"他说。 + + 然后他静默地想着。 + + "是的！"他说，"你说得对。就是那个。全是那个！在我和男子们的关系中，我感觉到这个东西，我不得不肉体地和他们接触，而且不能退缩。我得内地对他们醒悟，而且对他们表示一点温情，甚至当我使他们痛苦折磨的时候对于肉体的醒悟和自然的肉体的温情也羞怯退缩，而这醒悟和温情却是最善的——甚至在男子与男中间。男子之所以刚强勇敢，而不是一些猿猴，也就因为那种东西。是的！那是温情的，的确；那是性的醒悟。性爱实在只是一种接触，一切接触中最密切的接触。而我们所惧怕的使是接触。我们只醒悟了一半，生活着一半，我们得完全地生活和醒悟。尤其是我们英国人得用点温情与辛勤；互相接触起来，这是我们的迫切的需要。" + + 她望着他。 + + "那么你为什么惧怕我呢？"她说。 + + 他望着她很久才答道： + + "那是因为你的金钱和你的地位，那是因为你所有的世界""但是我难道没有温情么？"康妮热劲地问道： + + 他阴郁地，心不在焉地望着她。 + + "是的！有的！时来时去，和我自己一样。" + + "但是你难道不能信任这温情在人和我之间存在么？"她焦虑地凝视着他问道。 + + 她看见他的脸色温和了下来，那抵抗的神气渐渐地失掉下" + + "也许"他说。 + + 两个人都静默着。 + + "我要你把我抱在你的怀里，"她说，"我要你对我说，你高兴我们将有个孩子了。" + + 她是这样的美丽，这样的温暖，这样的热切，他的脏腑为她骚动起来了。 + + "我想我们可以到我房子里去吧，"他说，"虽然这又是件令人谤的事情。" + + 她看见又把世界忘怀了，他的脸孔现着温柔的、热情的、柔媚面纯洁的光彩…… + + 他们沿着偏僻的街道走到高堡广场。他的房子在最高的一层，是个屋顶楼房，整洁而大方，他有个煤气炉自己烧煮着食物。 + + 她把自己的衣裳脱了，叫他也把他的脱了，初期怀孕中的温软鲜丽的她，是动人的。 + + "我不应该烦扰你。"他说。 + + "别说这话！"她说，"疼爱我吧！疼爱我，说你不会丢弃我吧！说你不会丢弃我吧！说你永会让我回到世上去，或回到任何人那里去！" + + 她倔近他，紧贴着他纤瘦而强壮的裸体一这是她所知道的唯一的栖身处。 + + "那么我将留着您，"他说，"要是您愿意，我将留着你！" + + 他紧紧地环抱着她。 + + "告诉我你高兴有这孩子吧！"她重复地说，"吻吻他吧！吻吻这孩子所在的地方，说人高兴他在那儿吧。" + + 但是他犹豫着。 + + "我很惧怕孩子们生在这种世上；我很替他们的将来担心。" + + "但是你已经把他放在我的里面了，对、他温柔吧，这便是他的将来了。吻吻他吧！" + + 他战战栗着，因为那是对的。"对他温柔吧，这便是他的将来了。"一这时，他对她的爱情是绝大的。他吻着她的小腹和好怕美神之丘，他假近着她的子宫和子宫里面的胎儿吻着。 + + "啊，你是爱我的！你是爱我的！"她细声地呼喊起来，这种呼喊是象她的性讥进时的呼喊一样，盲目的，模糊不清的。她温柔地插进她的里面，觉得温情的波涛，汹涌地从他自已的心肠里流到她的心肠里，两个相怜相爱的心肠在他们间燃烧着。 + + 当他进她的里面去时，他明白了这是他应该做的事情：和她作温情的接触，而保存着他的骄傲、尊严和一个男子的完整。总之，虽则她有钱而他则两袖清风但是让他的骄傲心与正义心，却不容他因此而撤回他对她的温情的。他心里想到："我拥护人与人间的肉体的醒悟的接触和温情的接触。她是我的伴侣。她授助我和金钱、机械以及世人的兽性的呆钝的理想作战。多谢上帝，我得了个女人了！我得了个又温柔又了解我的女人，和我相聚！多谢上帝，她并不是凶暴的矗妇。多谢上帝，她最个温柔的醒悟的女人。"当他的精液在她里面插射的时候，在这种创造的行为中一那是远地生殖行为的一他的灵魂也向她插射着。 + + 现在，她是完全决定了：他和她是不可分离的了。不过，怎样呢，什么方法呢，那是仍待解决的。 + + "你恨不恨自黛·古蒂斯？"她问道。 + + "别对我说起她吧。" + + "啊！你得让我说说，因为你曾经喜欢过她；而且你曾经和她亲密过。正如你现在和我一样，所以人得告诉我。在你们间有过这种亲密以后，而恨她到这步田地，可不是有点可怕的么？这是什么缘故？" + + "我不知道。她的意志好象无时无刻不在准备着反抗我！咳！她那狞恶的女性的意志，她那自由狂！这种自由狂的结局是最残暴的暴虐！啊，她是拿着她的自由来反对我，好象她把硫酸抛在我脸上一样。" + + "但是她甚至现在还没有脱离你呢。她还爱不爱你？" + + "不，不！她所以没有放弃我，那是因为她有一种狂恨，她定要伤害我罢了。" + + "但是她一定爱过你的。" + + "不！唔，有时也许的。她是受我吸引的，我想就这一点也是好汽僧恨的。她有时爱我，但是转间，她便要开始苛刻我。她的最大的欲望便是苛刻我，那是没有法子使她改变的。在一开始的时候；她的意增就是反抗我的。" + + "也许那是因为她觉得你并不真正爱她，而她想使你爱她的缘故呢。" + + "老天！那是什么念头！" + + "但是你不曾真正有过她吧，是不是？这就是你给她的苦头。" + + "我有什么法子？我开始想去爱她；但是她总给我钉子碰，不，不要谈论空虚了吧，那是之动运，而她是常识，最近这些日子里，假如人家准我的话，我定把她这具有妇人形式的狂暴的东西象一头野兽似的宰了。假如，可以把她宰了的话，这一切不幸便没有了！人们真应该准许这种去恶除暴的行为。当一个女子地地给好怕固扫诉意志占着的时候，当她的固执的意志在反抗着一切的时候，那就可怖了，那就非把她杀掉不可了。" + + "而男子们呢，当他们给固扫诉意志占据着的时候，不也应该把他们杀掉么？" + + "是的！一样！……但是我得把她摆脱了，否则将向我重新追迫的。我早就想告诉你，只要可能，我必要离婚。所以我们得小心，你和我，得别让人看见在一起，假如她撞到了你我头上来的时候，我是绝对、绝对忍受不了的。" + + 康妮沉思着。 + + "那么我们不能在一起了？"她说。 + + "大约在六个月脑是不能的。但是我相信我的离婚在九月间便可完成，那么得等到明年三月。" + + "但是孩子大概要在二月尾出生呢。"她说。 + + 他静默了。 + + "我愿所有克利福和白黛一流人都死尽！"他说。 + + "你对待他们并没有多大的温情呢。"她说。 + + "温情对待他们？但是对他们最温情的事也许就是绘他们一个死！他们是不能生活的！他们只知破坏生命。他们体内的灵魂是令人生怖的。死亡于他们应该是甘甜的了。人们应该准我去反他们杀尽才是！" + + "但是你决不会这样做的。"她说。 + + "我一定会！我杀他们比杀一只鼬鼠还要觉得泰然。鼬鼠还有它的孤寂的美。但是他们太多了。啊，假如我可以的话，我定要把他们杀尽。" + + "或许你还是不敢那么做的。""唔。" + + 康妮现在要想的事情多着了，无疑地他是绝对地想把白黛·古蒂斯摆脱，她觉得他是对的。最后的斗争是太可怕了。那便是说，她将孤独地生活到春天。也许她可以和克利福离婚。但是怎样？假如梅乐士的名字一提起了，那么他那方面的离婚便离不成了。多么讨厌！一个人难道不能一直走到地球的尽头，摆脱这一切么？" + + 这是不可能的。现在世界的尽头，从伦敦到查宁十字街不过五分钟的距离罢了，只要有无线电，地球是没有远近的。非洲达荷美的王和西藏的喇嘛，都能听着伦敦和纽约呢。 + + 忍耐吧！忍耐吧世界是个广大而可怖的机器网，若要不陷身其中，一个人得好好地小心从事。 + + 康妮把心事告诉她的父亲。 + + "你知道，爸爸，他是克利福的守猎人，但是他从前是驻印度的军官。不过他是象佛罗佛斯上校似的，他愿意回到从前的阶级里去。" + + 但是麦尔肯爵士对于这著名的佛罗伦斯的轻薄的神秘主义是没有好感的。他觉得在那许多的谦逊后面宣传的作用太浓厚了。这种自傲的行为一故意自抑的自傲行为，是这老爵士所最讨厌的。 + + "你的守猎人是打那里跳出来的？"麦尔肯爵士愤愤地问道。 + + "他是个达娃斯哈的矿工的儿子，但是他是个绝对不会购笑大方的人。" + + 这位有爵衔的艺术家更加愤怒起来了。 + + "在我看来，这象是个打金矿的我。"他说，"而你显然是个很容易开采的金矿。" + + "不，爸爸你错了，要是你见过他，你便知道了。他是个真男子。克利福常常厌恶他，就是因为他是毫不屈辱的人。" + + "这样看来，克利福倒有个一次不氏蝗本能了。" + + 麦尔肯爵士所不能堪的，便电报人知道了他的女儿跟一个守猎人私通。这种私通他是不反对的他只是怕外间的非议罢了。 + + "那个人怎样，我倒不管。他显然是知道怎样迷惑你的。但是天哟！想想有空的闲话吧！想想你的继母听见了时的样子吧！" + + "我知道。"康妮说，"闲话是可怕的，尤其是在上流社会里。而他呢，他是渴望着他的离婚能够成功的。我想我们也许可以说孩子是另一个人的，把梅乐士的名字完全不提。" + + "另一个人的？谁呢？" + + "或者旦肯·霍布斯"他从小就是我们的朋友，他又是个出名的艺术家，而而他喜欢我。" + + "啊，这样么！可怜的旦肯！他将得到什么好处呢？" + + "我不知道，但是那也许可以给他某种的偿吧。" + + "真的，真的么？咳，如果这样，他真是个怪物！怎么，你和他甚至从来没有发生过关系么？" + + "没有！但是他实在也不想。他只爱亲近我，但是不受接触。" + + "我的上帝，多么古怪的一代人！" + + "我最喜欢我的地方，就是做他的模特儿。不过我从来没有允许过他。" + + "可怜的家伙！但是这种没有骨气的人看来是什么都做得出的。" + + "不地穸宁愿他的名字和我的凑在一起吧？" + + "老天呀！康妮，这一切诡计！" + + "我知道！这是令人作呕的。但是我有什么办法呢？" + + "一个诡计过了又是一个诡计！我想我活利弊太久了。" + + "算了，爸爸你年轻的时候不也作过不少的诡计？" + + "但是我确实告诉你，那是不同的。" + + "老是说不同的。" + + 希尔达到了，听到了这种新事态，她也狂怒着，她也一样想起人人都要知道她的妹妹和一个守猎人发生关系，她简直忍不住，那是太，太屈辱了！ + + "为什么我们不可以干脆地陷遁了，个别地跑到英属哥化比亚去，那便没有非议了？"康妮说。 + + 但是那是没有用的。非议还是一样要爆发的，康妮如果要跟哪个人去，那么最好是她能嫁他。这是希尔达的意见。麦尔肯爵士犹豫着。他想也许事情还可补救吧。 + + "你将会一会他吧，爸爸？" + + 可怜的麦尔肯爵士！他是毫不愿意的。可怜的梅乐士！他尤其不愿想，虽然，会见终于成了事实，那是在俱乐部的一间厢房里的午餐，只有他两个人在那儿，两只眼睛互相打量着。 + + 麦尔肯爵士喝了不少的威士忌，梅乐士也喝着，他们滔滔地谈着印度，这是那年轻人所熟悉的问题。 + + 这种谈话占去了全餐的时间，直至咖啡来了，侍仆走了，麦尔肯爵士才燃了一支雪茄诚恳地说道： + + "喂，年轻人，我女儿的事怎么样？" + + 梅乐士的脸上显着苦笑。 + + "唔，先生，她的事怎么样？" + + "是你给了她一个孩子呢。" + + "这是我的光荣！"梅乐士苦笑着说。 + + "光荣，老天爷！"麦尔肯爵士响亮地笑着说，这是苏格兰人的猥亵的笑，"光荣！哎，事情怎样？好吧，是不是？" + + "好！" + + "那是我敢打赌的！哈，哈！我的女儿的确是麦某人的女儿！我自己也一样我是从不懊悔佳妙的性交的，虽然她的母亲……啊，老天爷！"他的眼睛向天炯着，"但是你使她温情起来了，啊，我看得见的，你使她温热起来了。哈，哈！我的血在她血脉里流着呢；你很知道怎样放火烧她啊！哈，哈，哈！我真高兴，我可以告诉你，她需要那个。啊，她是个好女子，她是个好女子，我早就知道只要有个知道怎样放火烧她的男子汉，她就合适了，哈，哈，一个守猎人，哎，我的孩子！你是个拿手的偷猎人！我告诉你！哈，但是，现在，说正经话吧，我们要怎样安排这事呢？说正经话吧，你知道！ + + 说正经话吧，他们都摸不着什么头脑，梅乐士虽然有点醉了，但是两人中他是最清醒的一个，他尽力使谈话不至太糊涂起来，那是没有多大可说的。 + + "好，你是个守猎者！啊，你是很对的！这种猎是值得费心的！可不是么？一个女子的试金石，便是当你在她的屁股上捏一把的时候，只要摸摸她的臀儿，便知道她合适不合适。哈，哈：我羡慕你，我的孩子，你多大年纪了！" + + "三十九。" + + 麦尔肯爵士扬着眉头。 + + "有这么多了？好，看你这神气，你还有好好的二十年在你面前，啊：是守猎人也罢，不是也罢，你是个好雄鸡。这个我只用一只眼睛便看得出来，不象那讨厌的克利福：一个从来没有点儿兴头的可怜虫。我喜欢你，我的孩子，我敢打赌你是有一条好鳖鱼的家伙；啊，你是只小雄鸡，一只善斗的小雄鸡，我看得出来！守猎人！哈，哈，我决不让你看守我的猎场呢！但是，说正经话吧，我们要怎样安排这事呢？世界是充满着衰老的妇人的！" + + 说正经话吧，他们都毫无所措，他们俩之间只成立了一个男性肉感的亲密结合。 + + "你知道，我的孩于，我有什么地方可以帮你的话，你尽管信赖我，守猎人！基督啊！那真讨羡！我高兴极了！啊，我高兴极了，那足见我的女儿有气血。可不是么？而且，你知道，她有好人的收入，并不多，并不多，你是也就够吃了。我将把我的所有都给她继承，这是她应得的，因为他在这充满着衰老的妇人的世界里，显示了她的血气，七十年来，我挣扎着想把自己从衰老妇人的裙下解放出来，到今还没成功，但是你这人是可以成功的，我看得出来。" + + "我真高兴你这么想我。人们普通总说我是个猴子呢。" + + "啊，当然啦！我亲爱的朋友，在那些衰老妇人的眼中，你不是猴子是什么？" + + 他们快乐地分手；梅乐士过后在心里整整笑了一天。 + + 第二天，他在一个僻静的地方，和康妮、希尔达午餐。 + + "这种情境，面面看来都不好，真是太可惜了。"希尔达说。 + + "我却得到了不少的乐趣。"他说。 + + 我以为在你们俩未有结婚生子的自由以前，是应该避免生孩的。" + + "上帝把果实结得有点太早了。"他说。 + + "我想这不干上帝的事，自然，康妮的钱尽够你们两的生活；但是这种情境是太难忍了。" + + "但是你并不需去忍一点点儿。"他说。 + + "假如你是她那人就好了！" + + "或者，假如我是关在动物园中的一个笼里就更好了！" + + "或者，假如我是关在动物园中的一个笼里就更好了！" + + 大家都静默了。 + + "我想，"希尔达说："最好是她指另一个人做共同被告，而你完全站在局外。" + + "但是我是当事的人。" + + "我的意思是说在进行离婚诉讼的时候。" + + 他惊异地凝视着她，康妮不敢对他提起借重旦肯的计划。 + + "我不明白你的意思。"他说。 + + "我们有位朋友，他大概可以答应这离婚案中，做共同被告，这一来你的名字就可以不被提起了。"希尔达说。 + + "你是说一个男子么。" + + "当然！" + + "但是她并没有另一个？……" + + 他惊愕地望着康妮。 + + "不，不！"她连忙说。"他只是个老朋友，毫无爱情的。" + + "那么为传播愿肩这担子？如果他毫无所得的话？" + + "有些男子是毫侠的人，不斤斤于得到什么妇人的好处的。"希尔达说。 + + "这倒是方便呢！但是这位英雄是谁？" + + "他是我们在苏格丛从小就认识的朋友，一位艺术家。" + + "旦肯·霍布斯！"他立即说道，因为康妮对他说过旦肯的。"但是你们怎样叫他这担子？" + + "他们得共住在什么旅馆里，或者她甚至得到他家里去。" + + "我觉得那未免小题大做起来了。"他说。 + + "除此之外，你还有什么法子呢？"希尔达说，"如果你的名字提起了，你和你的离婚便离不成了，你的女人似乎是怪对付的人呢。" + + "唉，这一切！"他沉郁地说。 + + 他们静默了许久。 + + "我们很可以干脆一定了事。"他说。 + + "康妮却干脆走不了"希尔达说，克利福太出名了。" + + 颓丧的静默重新把三人笼罩起来。 + + "世界就是这样。如果你们想安然同居，你们便得结婚。要结婚，你俩都得先离婚。那么我们将怎样安排呢？" + + 他静默了很久。 + + "你将替我们安排呢？"他说。 + + "我们要看如果旦肯肯出名做共同被告的话，那么我们便要使克利福提出离婚，你则在你那方面进行你自己的离婚。你们俩得分开，直到你们都自由了的时候。" + + "这世界象是个疯人院。" + + "也许！但是，在世人的眼中，你们才是疯子一也许更甚呢。" + + "更甚到什么？" + + "罪犯，我想。" + + "好，我希望我还能多用几回我的巴首。"他冷笑道，说了，他默默地愤怒着。 + + "好吧！"他最后说，"我同意一切吧，这世界是个暴庚的白痴，谁也消灾不了它，但是我将尽我的力，你是对的，我们得尽力营救我们自己的。" + + 他屈辱地，愤怒地，厌烦地，忧苦地望着康妮。 + + "我的小人儿！"他说，"世人要在你的屁股上加盐了。" + + "不，假如我们不屈服的话。"她说。 + + 她对于反抗世界的情感比他是疏淡的。 + + 探调旦肯的意思的时候，他坚持着要见见这罪人守猎者。他约定四人在他家里晚餐，旦肯是哈姆莱特一流人物，有点矮而胖，肤色暗黑，寡言笑，头发是黑而不卷，他有一种凯尔特人的古怪的虚荣心，他的作品只是些管条、瓣形、螺形线和奇异的颜色的混合物；是超现代的，可是也有某种气魄，甚至某种纯粹的形式与格调，渤梅乐士觉得这种艺术是残酷的，令人厌恶的，他不敢说出来，因为旦肯对于他的艺术的主见差不多是病态的。艺术之于他，是个人的一种崇拜，一种宗教。 + + 他们在画室里看着图画，旦暖的褐色的小眼睛，总不离开梅乐士。他想知道这守猎人的意见怎样，至于康妮和希尔达的意见，他早巳知道了。 + + "那有点象纯粹的谋杀。"梅乐士终于说，这种话是旦肯所预想不到会从一个守猎人口中说出来的。 + + "被杀的是谁呢？"希尔达有点冷酷地嘲讽地问道。 + + "是我！一个人所有的恻悯心肠都被杀了。" + + 这话引起了艺术家的深恨。他听出那人的声调晨带着厌恶不轻蔑。而他自己是讨厌人提起什么侧悯心肠的。那是令人厌恶的情感！ + + 梅乐士站着，又高又瘦，态度疲惫，心不在焉，摇曳不定，仿佛飞蛾的飞舞，凝视着那些图画。 + + "也许是愚蠢的东西被杀了，多情的愚蠢的东西被杀了。"艺术家讥消着说。 + + "你觉得么？我觉得所有这些管条和起伏的颤动，才比什么都愚蠢，而且够多情了，我觉得它们表示着不少的自怜自叹的意味，和太多的神织持贩自尊自傲。" + + 另一阵疾恨涌上心来，那艺术家的脸都黄了。但是，他静默地、高傲地把图画向着墙壁番了过去。 + + "我想我们可以到餐室里去了。"他说。 + + 他们在一种沉郁的静默中离开了画室。 + + 咖过后，旦肯说： + + "我毫不介意充作康妮的孩子的父亲。但是有个条件，康妮得来作我的模特儿。这是我多年的心愿，而她是一向所拒绝的。"他说这话是抱着黑暗的决心的，好象一个宣布火刑的裁判官似的。 + + "啊！"梅乐士说，"那么只在这条件之下你才肯做么？" + + "对了！非有这条件我便不做。"旦肯的话里，故意带着对梅乐士的最轻的藐视。他带着有点太多了。 + + "最好是同时把我当作你的模特儿，"梅乐士说，"最好是把我们画在一起：把维娜丝和伏尔甘放在艺术的网下，我在做守猎人以前，是一个铁匠呢。" + + "谢谢！"艺术家说，"梅尔士的尊容不合我的胃口。" + + "甚至他的容貌象管条一样，而且修饰得象新郎一案，也不合尊胃么？" + + 艺术家没有回答他觉得回答起来未免降格了。 + + 这次聚会就这样沉闷下去。旦肯故意不理梅乐干，他只跟两位太太谈话，而且很简短的谈话，仿佛那些字句是从他的不可思仪的忧郁的深处拔出来的一样。 + + "你不喜欢他，但是他并不是那么可怕，实在他来个好人呢。"当他们回去时，康妮解释着。 + + "他是一起伏狂乱挑战的黑狗。"梅乐士说。 + + "真的，他今天真是不可爱。" + + "你将去作模特儿么？" + + "啊，我现在实在再也不介意了！他不会触摸我的。如果那可以完成你我的共同生活，我什么也不介意了。" + + "但是他只会在画布上把你涂些粪的。""管他！他只画他对我的感情，那我是不反对的。我决不愿他触摸我，决不，但是如果他以为用他那艺术家的枭眼瞧着我有益的话，那么，让他瞧去。他只管把我画成许多空管子和阴阳起伏。那是他的不幸。他所以恨你，是因为你说他的管子艺术是多情的，自大的，但是，当然啦，那是真的。" + + + + 第十九章 + + "亲爱的克利福，我恐怕你预料的事情是实现了。是的，我爱上了另一个人。我很希望你将提出离婚。一是我住在旦肯的家里。我告诉过你，我们在威尼斯时曾在一块。我很替你抱憾，但是请你把这事情平心静气的看吧。你实在是不再需要我了。而我呢，回勒格贝去是件难堪的事，我是十分抱歉的，但是请你原恕我吧，请你提出离婚，而另找个比我更好的人吧、我实在不是你所需要的人，我认为我是太无忍耐性，太自私了，我决不能回去和你同居了。一切我是替你觉和非常抱歉的，但是如果你乎心静气地看这事情，你但知道这并不是那以可怖的事，对我个人来说，你实在并不真正在乎我，那么，请你原怨我而抛弃我吧。" + + 在克利神福的内心里，其实是不惊讶这么一封信的来到的。他的心中老早就知道她要离开他。但是外表上，他是绝对不愿承认的。所以，在外表上看来，这封信给了他一个最可怖的打击，因为他地于她的信任的外层时是一向平静的。 + + 我们大家不都一样么？我们用意志的力量，去强制着内在的直觉的东西不表露出来，一旦这种强制失效了的时候，便造成了一种恐怖的状态。于是打击之来，便十倍难受了。 + + 克利福象个患歇斯底里症的孩子，他狞恶地、失神地在床上坐起来，把波太太吓着了。 + + "怎么，克利福男爵，你怎么了？" + + 没回答！她诚恐他病势发作了，慌忙地摸摸他的有探探他的脉。 + + "什么地方疼痛么？告诉我什么地方疼痛，请你告诉我吧！" + + 没有回答！ + + "老天老天！那么我要打电话到雪非尔德叫加凌东医生，我请勒基医生马上来。" + + 她正向门边越是去时，听见他的重浊的声音说： + + "不！"她停住了，疑视着他，他的脸是黄的，失神的，象个白痴的脸。 + + "你是要我不要找医生么？" + + "是的！我不需要医生。"他的幽冥的声音说。 + + "但是，克利福男爵哟，你是病了，我可不敢负这责任。我得叫医生来，否则人们要责备我的。" + + 停了一会，然后那量浊的声音说： + + "我没有病，我的女人不回来了。"这仿佛是石像在说。 + + "不回来了？你是说夫人么？"波太太走近床边说，"啊，别相信这话，你放心，夫人是一定会回来的。" + + 床上的石像依旧不动，只是把一封信在被单上推了过来。 + + "读吧！"幽冥的声音说。 + + "这是夫人的信，我确信夫人是不愿我看她写给你的信的，克利福男爵，如果你愿意的话，请你告诉我什么好了。" + + 但是那两中蓝在上面固定着的脸孔，一动也不动。 + + "读吧！"那声音重新说道。 + + "好吧，克利福男爵，这是顺从你啊。"她说。 + + 她读了那封信。 + + "唔，太太使我奇怪，"她说，"她曾那么忠实地答应回来的！" + + 床上那只脸孔上的粗野的但是失神的表情似乎加深了，波太太不安地望着他，她知道她所要对付是什么；男性的歇斯底里，这种讨厌的病，她从前在看护士兵的时候，已经验过多少了。 + + 她有点讨厌克利福男爵，无论哪个头胸清醒的男子，都应该知道他的女人爱上了别人而要离开他了。虽然她也知道，克利福的内心里是绝对明白的，不过他不肯承认罢了，假如他承认了它而作某种准备，假如他承认了它而与他的女人尽力避克这种事变，那才算是大丈夫的行为，但是不然！他明明知道，却又老是瞒阂自己说事情并非如此，他明明觉得恶魔在扭着他的尾巴！却又装模作佯说是那是使向他微笑，这种虚伪的情境，引出了现在这种虚伪的脱血病的发作：歇斯底里，这是癫狂的一种形式，她心里有点恨地地想道："所以有这种事情，都是因为他太想自己了，他全副心神都在想他的不死的自我，于是当打击一来的时候，他便象是在自己的绷带里绞结着的木乃伊，瞧瞧他！" + + 但是歇斯底里是危险的，她是个看护，去授救他，那是她的义务，想把他的大丈夫气与自尊心鼓舞起来，那只是于他有损无益的，因为他的大丈夫气已死了,如果不是地，那么至少是暂时地，他只会象一只虫子似地越卷越软，越挣扎越脱血的。 + + 唯一可做的事情是解放他的自怜心。好象丁尼生笔下的贵妇一般，他得痛哭一场，否则，他定要一命鸣呼了。 + + 于是波太太开始先哭起来，她用手掩着脸孔，舞舞噎噎地哭着。"我从没有想到夫人竟做得出来，我从没有想到！"她鸣咽着说。她突然忆起了她往日所是的忧苦悲伤，眼泪为她自己的不幸而流了，一经开始了，她的眼泪是真切的，因为她有她自己的哭的事情。 + + 克利福想着他怎样给这妇人康妮所背叛，而且波太太的悉苦传染了他，不禁泪水盈盈，而开始流了下来，他是为自己而哭的，彼太太看见了他的失神的脸上流着眼泪时，忙用小手绢揩干她自己的两颊，向他斜倾着。"不要烦恼，克利福男爵！"他在一种强烈的感动中说，"不要烦恼吧，不，那于你是有害的。" + + 他忍下了一声呜咽，身体颤拌起来，脸上的泪流得更急了，她的手放在他的臀上，她自己的泪又流起来，他重新颤抖着，好象痉挛似的，她把手臂绕着他的肩膊。"好了，好了！不要烦恼了！不，不要烦恼了！"她一边流泪，一边悲哀地对他说。她把他引近着她，她的两臂环绕着他的宽大的肩膊；他的脸依在她的胸膛上呜咽着，震动着他的宽大的肩膊，同时她温柔地爱抚着他的头发说："好了！好了！好了！别发愁了！别发愁了！" + + 他把两臂楼抱着她，好象孩子似地偎依着她，他的眼泪把她浆三蝗白围裙和浅蓝色的衣裳弄湿了。他终于把自己完全放任了。 + + 过了一会，她吻着他，把他在她怀里摇着。她的心里说："啊，克利福里男爵哟，作威作福的查太莱哟！你终于到了这步田地了！"最后，他甚至象孩子似地哭了。她觉得疲乏极了，回到她的房里去，笑着又哭着，她也给她自己的歇斯底里所占据了。多可笑！多可怕！这么一个下场！多可耻！而且是多混掩！ + + 以后，克利福对于被太太变成小孩一般了。他有时握着她的手，把她的头依在她的胸怀里。当她轻轻地吻了吻他时，他说："是的！吻我吧！吻我吧！"当她用海绵洗涤他雄伟的身体时，他也一样要说：吻我吧！"好愉随便在他身上的什么地方，半打趣地轻吻着。 + + 他的脸孔怪异地，失神地，象一个孩子那样惊愕地躺在床上，他有时用他的孩子似的大眼睛凝视她，沉浸在一种圣母的崇拜里。他完全沉溺了，所有他的大丈夫气都抛弃了。堕落地返回孩童状态了。他的手有时要放在她的怀里，触摸着她的乳房，在那里热烈地吻着，这是一种自以为孩子的人的堕落的热烈。 + + 波太太觉得又喜悦又害羞，又爱又恨。可是她从不推却他和斥责他。他们间在肉体上更亲近了。这种堕落的亲近，使他成为一个似乎天真的孩子，惊异错愕得好象一种宗教的热：这是"除非您再成了小孩的堕落的真切的表觉她呢，却是富有权力的伟大圣母，把这大孩子完全慑服在她的意志与怜爱之下。 + + 奇异的是当这个变成了大孩子的克利福几年来他就渐渐地变成了孩子了一到外界去时，他竟比从前锐利而灵敏得多了。这个堕落的大孩子，现在是个真正的事业家了，如果有关他的利益的问题来了的时候，他是个绝对的男性，锐利得象一根针，坚固得象一块钢，当他和其男子在一块的时候，对于人的目的物的造求上，对于他的煤矿业的发展上，他有一种差不多神秘的狡黠、刻薄和动用自如的力量，那仿佛是他自己的忍受性和他的卖身于伟大圣线了他一种对于物质问题的敏锐观察，赋予他一种超人的力量。他的沉经济效益与私情，和他的大丈夫气的完全消失，似乎给了他一种冷酷的，差不多幻像的，适于事业的第二天性。在事业上，他确实是超人的。 + + 在这一点上，波太太是得意扬扬的，她有时骄傲地对她自己说："他是多么得手了！这都是我一手做成的！老实说，他和查太莱男爵夫人的时候是从来没有这么得手过的。她不是一种能够推进男人的人，她太为她自己着想了。" + + 同时，在她的古怪的、女性的灵魂的某一角落里，她多么轻蔑他，憎恶他！在她看来，他是个倒仆了的野兽，只会动的怪物，她一边竭力地帮助他，鼓舞他，一边却在他经日的健全女性的最深最远处，残酷地、无限地轻蔑他，她觉得一个最卑下的流氓都胜他一筹。 + + 克利福对于康妮的态度是奇怪的。他坚持着要再见他一面；他尤其坚持着要她到勒格贝来；这一点他是决定性的，绝对不可动摇的。因为康妮曾经忠实地答应回勒格贝来的。 + + "那有什么用呢？"波太太说，"难道你不能让她走，摆脱她么？" + + "不！她说过她要回来，她便得回来。" + + 波太太不再反对他了。她知道她对付着是什么。 + + 我不用告诉你的信对我的影响怎样，如果你肯替我想象一下，你也许可以想象出来；不过无疑地你是不愿劳驾替我想一想的。 + + 我的回答只有这一句：在我决定什么以前，我定要在勒格贝这儿亲自见你一面，你曾忠实地答应回勒格贝来，你得履行这个允诺，我非在这儿和往常一样亲自见你之后，我不能相信什么，或明白什么。不用说，这边没有人狐疑什么，所以你的归来是自然的，待我们继谈过后，如果你还觉得主意不变，那么无纤疑地我们是可以找个解决办法的。 + + 康妮把这封信给梅乐士看。 + + "他想开始报复了。"他一边说，一边把信交还她。 + + 康妮默默无言。她有点惊异，为什么她怕起克利福来了，她怕到他那里去，她怕他，仿佛他是个危险的恶人。 + + "我怎么好呢？"她说。 + + "不要管他，如果你不愿意。" + + 她回了封信给克利福，想推辞这个会见，他复信说：如果你现在不回勒格贝来，我将判断你总有一天要回来的，我便依这判断行事，我将继续在这儿等候你，等五十年也成。 + + 她被吓住了。这是一种阴险的威吓手段，她很知道他是这么说便这么做的。他将不提出离婚，于是孩子便要成为他的，除非她有证明不是。 + + 经过一番忧苦焦虎过后，她决定请希尔达陷她到勒格贝去。她把这个决定通知克利福，他回信说： + + 我不欢迎你的姊姊，但是我也不绝以闭门羹。毫无疑义，你的背弃义务与责任是她怂恿的，那么请你不要以为我将有一副笑脸去见她。 + + 她们到勒格贝时，适值克利福出去了，波太大出来迎接她们。 + + "呵，夫人！这并不是我们所期望的欣然归来啊！"她说。 + + "可不是！"康妮说。 + + "原来这妇人知道了！不知道其他的仆人知道多小，猜疑我小了呢？" + + 她进了大门，现在这屋于是她恨之入骨的了，这种宽大散漫的地方，好象是个险恶的东西在她头上威吓着。她现在不是它的主妇，而是它的受难者了。 + + "我不能在此久留。"她恐怖地对希尔达低语道。 + + 她很难过地进到她寝室里去，重新占有了这间房子，仿佛没有发生过什么事似的！在勒格贝四壁内的每一分钟，她感觉得憎恶。 + + 直至她们下楼去晚餐的时候才会着克利福，他穿了晚服，结下了一条黑领带，他态度拘谨显得狠绅士的样子，在席间，他是十足文雅的，引领着一种文雅的谈话，可是一切都象带着一种狂昧。 + + "仆人们都知道了么？"当女仆出去了时，康妮问道。 + + "你的事么？一点也不知道。" + + "但是波太太却知道了。" + + 他的颜色变了。 + + "正确地说，波太太并不是个仆人呢。"他说。 + + "啊，那我无所谓的。" + + 咖啡过后，当希尔达说要回房里去时，情势紧张起来了。 + + 她走后，克利福和康妮静坐着，两个人都不愿开口。康妮见他并不激动感情，心中倒觉舒泰。她竭力使他守着这种高傲的神气，她只静坐着，低头望着自己的两手。 + + "我想你可以把你的话收回吧？"他终于开口了。 + + "我可不能。"她喃喃地说。 + + "但是你不能，谁能呢？" + + "我想没有人能。" + + 他怪冷酷地、狂怒地望着她。他是习愤了她的人，她可以说是他的生命和意志的一部分，她现在怎么胆敢对他失信，而把他日常生活的组织破坏了？她怎么胆敢把他的人格摇动了！ + + "什么原因使你叛背一切？"他坚持着说。 + + "爱情！"她说，还是说这句老话为妙。 + + "对旦肯·霍布斯的爱情？但是当你见到我的时候，你不觉得那是值得的吧？你不是想使我相信你爱他甚于一切吧！" + + "一个人是要变的。"她说。 + + "也许！也许你是反复的。可是你还得使我确信这种变迁的重要。我简直不能相信你爱旦肯·堆布斯。" + + "为什么你定要相信呢？你只要提出离婚，而不必相信我的感情。" + + "为什么我定要提出离婚？" + + "因为我不愿再在这儿生活了。而你实在也不需要我了。" + + "你错了！我是不变的，在我这方面看来，你既是我的妻，我便愿你高贵地、安静地住在我的家里。一切感情的问题搁一在边一我确告你，我这方面搁开了不少，我觉得仅仅为了你的反复，便把勒格贝这儿的生活秩序破坏，便把这高尚的日常生活打碎，于我那是死一般难的。" + + 静默了一会，她说： + + "我没有法子。我一定得离开，我想我要有个孩子了。" + + 他也静默了一会，然后说： + + "是为了孩子的缘故你才要走么？" + + 她点了点头。 + + "为什么？难道旦肯·布斯这样重视他的小生命？" + + "无疑地比你重视。"她说。 + + "但是我告诉你，我需要我的妻了，我不觉得有什么让她走的理由。要是她喜欢在我家里生个孩子，我不觉得有什么不便，而孩子是受欢迎；只要合理而尊重生活的秩序，你想告诉我旦肯·霍布斯对你的魔力较大么？我不相信。" + + 他沉默了一会。 + + "但是你不明白，"康妮说，"我一定要离开你，我一定要和我所爱的人生活去。" + + "真的，我不明白！我毫不相信你的爱和你的爱人，我不相信这种胡言乱语。" + + "也许，但是我确相信。" + + "是么？我亲爱的太太，你没有这么愚蠢去相信你对旦肯的爱情的。相信我吧，即在此刻，你还是比较爱我呢，那么为什么我要去相信这种荒唐的故事！" + + 她觉得他的话是对的！她忍不住要对他和盘托出来了。 + + "我真正爱的并不是旦肯。"她仰望着他说，"我们说是旦肯，为的是要不伤你的感情。" + + "不伤我的感情？ + + "是的！因为我真正钟爱的人。是要使你憎恨我的，他是梅乐士先生，我们往日的守猎人。" + + 假如他可以的话，他一定从椅子里跳出来了，他的脸色变黄了。他凝视着她，他的眼睛象大难临头似的突了出来。 + + 然后他倒在椅子里，喘着气，两眼朝着天花板。 + + 然后．他坐了起来。 + + "你说的是真话么？"他样子很可怖地问道。 + + "是的，你知道我说的是真话。" + + "那是什么时候开始的？" + + "春天。" + + 他静默着，象一只坠入陷阱里的兽。 + + "那么，在村舍寝室里的就是你么？" + + 原来他的内心里早就晓得了。 + + "是的！" + + 他依旧在他椅子里向前弯着身，象一只陷于绝境的野兽似地凝视着她。 + + "天哪！你这种人真应该从大地上歼灭！" + + "为什么？"她喃喃地说。 + + 但是他好象没有听见她。 + + "那贱东西！那鲁莽下流！那卑鄙无赖！你在这儿的时候，竟和他发生了关系，和我的一个仆人发生关系！天！天哪！女人的下贱究竟有没有止境！" + + 她愤怒极了，这是她所预料的。 + + "你竞要这么一个无赖的汉的孩子么？" + + "是的！我等待着。" + + "你等待着！你的确相信么？从什么时候起你的确相信？" + + "从六月起。" + + 他失言了，他的样子又象个孩子那么惊异而失神了。 + + "真怪，"他最后说，"这么一种人也容许生在世上。" + + "什么一种人？"她问道。 + + 他神秘地望着她，没有回答。显然他不能承认梅乐士的存在，而与他没有任何关系，那是绝对的、不能言宣的、无力的憎恨。 + + "你有意要嫁他么？……接受他的秽名么？"他终于问道。 + + "是的，那是我所欲望的。" + + 他又目瞪口呆了。 + + "是的！"那最后说，"那证明我一向对你的想法没有错；你是变态的，你是狂妄的，你是一种半癫狂的堕落女了，你一定要追逐污浊的东西，没有烂泥便要发愁的。" + + 突然，他差不多成为狂热的道德家了。他觉得自己是善的化身。而梅乐士、康妮这种人，是贱与恶的化身，他好象头上罩了圣光似的飘飘然了。 + + "那么，你还是离了婚把我丢弃了吧？"她说。 + + "不！你要到那里去，你尽管去，但我却不提出离婚。"他痴呆地说。 + + "为什么不？" + + 他静默着，象一个呆子似的，执锄地静默着。 + + "你竟要承认你这孩子是你的合法的孩子和继承人么？"她说。 + + "我毫不关心孩子。" + + "但是如果他是个男孩那么他将成为你的合法孩子，他将继承你的爵位和这勒格贝啊。" + + "我毫不关心这一切。"他说。 + + "但是你不得不关心！我将竭我的力量不使这孩子成为你的合法孩子，我宁愿他是个私生儿，而属于我,倘然他不能属于梅乐士。" + + "你喜欢怎样做就怎样做。" + + 他的态度是不变的。 + + "但是为什么不离婚？"她说，"你可以拿旦肯做个借口，真正的名字是不必提出的，而旦肯也同意了。" + + "我决不提出离婚。"他执意说，好象已经钉了一日钉似的。 + + "但是为什么？因我是我要求的么？" + + "因为我照我的意向而行，而我的意向是不想离婚。" + + 再谈也无益了。她回到楼去，把这结果告诉希尔达。 + + "我们最好明天走吧，让他静静地神智清醒起来。"希尔达说。 + + 这样，康妮把她私人的东西收拾了半夜。第二天早上，她把她的箱子叫人送到车站去，也没有告诉克利福。她决意只在午餐前去见他道别。 + + 但是她对波太太说： + + "我得和你道别了，波太太，你知道什么缘故。但是我相信你不会对人说的。" + + "啊，相信我吧，夫人，唉！我们大家都难受得很，的确。但是我希望你和那位先生将来幸福。" + + "那位先生！那便是梅乐士先生，我爱他。克利福男爵知道的。但是别对人说，假如那天你以为克利福男爵愿意离婚时，让我知道吧，好不好？我愿我能好好地和我所爱的人结婚呢。" + + "我自然啦，夫人！啊，一切都信任我吧，我将尽忠于克利福男爵，我也将尽忠于您，因为我明白你们双方都是对的。" + + "谢谢你！波太太！我接受我这点谢忱——可以吗？" + + 于是康妮重新离开勒格贝，和希尔达到苏格兰去了。梅乐士呢，他已经在一个农场里找到了工作，到乡间去了，他的计划是，无论康妮能否离婚，但他是要离婚的,如果可能。他要在农场里作六个月的工，这样，以后他和康妮或可有个他们自己的小农场，那么他的精力便有用处了。因为他得工作，甚至是劳苦的工作。他得谋自己的生活；甚至康妮有钱帮助他开始。 + + 这样，他们得等着，等到春天，等到孩子出世，等到初夏再来的时候。 + + 吉兰治农场，九月二十九日书。 + + 经过一番进行后，我在这儿找到工作了，因为我在军队里的时候认识里查土，他现在是公司里的工程师。这农场是属于拔拉·斯登煤矿公司的，他们在这几种植刍袜和燕麦，以供给煤矿里工作的小马的食料，这并不是个私人的农场。但是他们还有牛、猪和其他一切，我的工资是每星期三十先令，农场的管理人罗莱，尽量给我种种不同的工作，这样，我从现在到复活节间可以尽量的学习。白黛的消息我毫无所闻。我不知道为什么她在离婚案中不出面；我更不知道她在哪儿和弄什么鬼。但是，如果我静默地忍耐到三月，我想我便可以自由了。而你呢，不要为了克利福的事而烦恼，最近总有一天他要摆脱你的。如果他不纠缠你，那已经是太好了。 + + 我寄寓在一个很不错的老村舍里。居停主人是个海帕克的机关手，身材高大，长着一贪胡须，是个很信教的人。他的女人是有点象鸟儿的那种人，她喜欢一切上流东西和文雅的英语，满口都是"请允洗！"可是他们的唯-儿子大战中丢了命，这仿佛在他们中间凿了一个洞。还有一位是他们的高大的傻女儿，她准备着将来做个小学教员，我有时帮她预备功课，所以我是俨然家庭一分子了。但是他们都是正直的人，而且对我是太好了。我想我是比你更受人姑息了。 + + 农场的工作我倒还喜欢。这种工作虽不律津有味，但我并不求津津有味。我是习惯于马的人；乳牛虽则是很女性的东西，可是对我有一种镇静的作用。当然捋关奶的时候，我坐着把头依在它的身上，我觉得很是解闷。这儿有六条希尔福来的够漂亮的乳牛。我们刚把燕麦收获完了。虽然天下着雨，而且两手受了不少的伤，却给了我乐趣。我不太关心这儿的人，但是我和他们倒还合得来。有许多东西是人们最好不理的。 + + 矿业很萧条了。这儿是个煤矿区，和达娃斯哈一样，但是地方倒好些。有时我到酒店里和工人们谈叙起来，他们都怨声满口，但是他们决意不去变更什么，大家都说，诺特斯。代贝的矿工们氦都在适当的位置，但是在这种不需要他们的世界里，他们的心以外的其他生理部分，一定是在不适当的位置了，我喜欢他们，但是他们是不太令人激励的；他们缺少老雄鸡的斗争精神。他们大谈国有义，利益国有和全部工业国有等等。但是你不能只把煤矿国有，而其他的工业听其自然，他们说要给煤炭找些新的用途，这和克利福男爵的想法一样。在局部也许可以成功，但是在全国、全世界都成功却是疑问了。不管你把煤炭变成什么，你总得有个销路才行。工人们都是很冷淡的。他们觉得什么都没有救药了。这一点我是相信的。于是他们自己也跟着不可救药了。其中有些年轻的人，佩佩而谈要一个苏维埃，但是他们自己却没有什么确信。他们除了确信一切都是黑漆一团以外，再没有对什么的克确信了，即使在一个苏维埃之下，煤炭还是要卖的，困难便在这里了。 + + 我们既有了这庞大的工业群众，而他们又非吃饭不可，所以这该死的把戏就得将就演下去。妇女们现在比男子们更其絮絮不休，而且她们的看法更有把握。男子们是软弱的，他们觉得灾祸将临，于是他们苟且将事，仿佛毫无办法。大家尽管讲来讲去，却没有人知道怎么样年轻的癫狂起来，因为他们没有钱花了。他们的整个生命就是花钱，现在他们没有钱可花了。我们的文明和我们的教育便是这样：叫群众为花钱而生活，然后金钱便流出来了。煤坑晨现在一星期只作两天、两天半的工了，而又没有转好的征兆，即使冬天来了也不见得会好转。二十五到三十先令的工钱，怎么养活一家人呢？妇女们是最癫狂的，而我们今日花钱是癫狂的，也算是她们。 + + 你想对他们说生活和花钱是不同的事么！那是徒劳的。假如他们所受的是生活的教育，而不是找钱的花的教育，那么二十五个先令对于他们也就可以快活够用了。假如男子们如我说的都穿上了紧身红裤子，那么他们便不会那么想钱了。假如他们可以舞蹈，跳跃，狂歌，高视阔步，而且漂亮起来，那么腰包虽很瘦，他们也可以满足了。假如他们知道享受女人的福，而让女人也享受他们的福，那就好了！他们应该学习怎样使自己赤裸裸无畏和漂亮起来，怎样唱合唱的歌和跳那旧日的合跳的舞，怎样雕刻他们所坐的凳子和刺绣他们自己的标识。那时他们便不需要金钱了。这是解决工业问题的唯一方法：教练人民生活，在美中生活，而不需花钱，但这是不可能的。我们今日都是智力有限的人，而广大的群众连思想也不应该，因为他们不能思想。他们应该生动、活泼，而崇拜伟大的自然神潘(pan)，只有他才永久是群众之神。少数的人，如果他们喜欢的话，尽可另有更高等的崇拜。但是让群众是些异端吧。 + + 但是矿工们却不是些异端，他们不配。他们是一群半死的可怜虫：他们对于他们的女人毫无生气，对于生命毫无生气。年轻的一有机会便带些女人坐摩托单车兜风、跳舞，但是他们从头到脚都死了。而且那是要钱的事，钱这东西，你有了的时候，它便毒害你；你没收有的时候，它便饿死你。 + + 这一切一定使你觉得厌烦起来，可是我不愿多说我自己的事，而我也没有什么事可产，我的心不愿多说我自己的事，而我也没有什么事可说。我的心不愿多想你，那不过使我们两人更觉茫无头绪罢了，介理，不用说，我现在的生命之目的，便是你和我同居。实在我是惧怕的。我觉得恶魔在空中，他将度图把我们捉住。或者这不是恶魔，而是贪财鬼。这鬼不是旁的，我想只是贪钱而厌生的群众之总意志罢了。总之，我觉和量些粗大的贪婪的白手在空中，想把任何努力生活，努力摆脱金钱的束缚而生活的人的咽喉扼着，把你的老命挤了出来。坏日子就要来了。坏日子就要来了，朋友们，坏日子就要来了！如果事情照这样下去，这些工业群众的将来，便只有死与毁灭。我有时觉得我的心肠都化成水了，而你却正等待着一个我的孩子！但是不要紧。世界过去的所有坏日子，都不能把人的心花摧毁，甚至没有摧毁女子的爱情，所以我对你的欲望和你我间的小光明，也不会被摧毁的。明年我们便要在一块了。虽然我惧怕，但是我相信你我终必结合的，一个得竭力抵抗挣扎以后，才能相信什么事物。一个人对于将来的唯一的保证，便信他自己有最好的东西和它的权力。那么我相信我们间的小火把。现在，在我看来，这是世界上唯一的东西了。我没有朋友，没有知已的朋友。只有你。现在，那小火把是我生命中唯一在怀的东西了。至于孩子呢，那是旁枝末叶。你与我间的那把熊熊之火，便是我的"圣灵降临"人们往日所信的"圣灵降临"是不太对的。"我"与"上帝"这无论如何是有点傲慢的。但是你与我间的熊小火，那便是可持的东西了！那便是我所坚持的，而且要坚持到底的，管他什么克利宝和白黛，煤矿公司和政府，以及追逐金钱的群众。 + + 这便是此刻我不欲多想你的缘故。那只使我痛苦，而且无益，你的远离我，是我所难受的。但是如果我开始烦闷起来，什么东西梗要耗损了。忍耐吧，不折不扣地忍耐吧！不久便要到我的第四二冬天了。我过去的所有冬天是在无可奈何中过去了。但是这个冬天，我要坚依着我的"圣灵降临"的小火把而尝点和平滋味。我将不让世人的气息把它吹熄。我信仰一种微妙的神秘，这种神秘是不让人摧毁心花的。虽然你在格兰而我在米德兰，虽然我不能把你拥在怀中，夹在两腿间，但是我心里却有你在。我的灵魂温柔地在"圣灵降临"的小火把中，和你一起翱翔着，这好象是性交时的和平一样。我们在性交的时候，便产生了那种火焰。即使植物的花，也是由太阳与大地相交而产生的。但这是不易的事情，需要忍与长久的等待。 + + 因此，我现在爱贞洁了，因为那是从性交中产生出来的和平。现在，我觉得能守贞洁是可爱的了。我爱这贞洁和雪花之爱雪一样。我爱这贞洁，它是我们的性交和和平的静顿，它在我们中间，好象一朵熊熊白火似的雪花。当正的春天来了的时候，当我们相聚之日来到了的时候，那时我们全炯以在性交之中使那小小的火把光辉起来，鲜真艳而光辉起来。 + + 但不是现在，时候还没有到！现在是守贞洁的时候，能守贞洁是多么佳妙，那象是一条清凉的河水在我的灵魂里流着、我爱贞洁，它现在在我们间流荡着。它象新鲜的水和雨水。男子们怎么能够丑恶地调情泛爱。唐磺是个多么可怜的人，在性交之后，不能赢得和平，小火把无力地燃着，而不能在他镇静的过度期间一象在一条河边似的一贞洁起来。 + + 好了，说了不少的话了，这都是为了我不能触摸你！假如我能够把你抱在臂里共枕而眠，这斑斑的墨迹便不会黑在这纸上了！我们可以在一起守着贞洁，正如我们在一起性交一样，但我们不得不发离一些时日，而我以为这是最明哲的道路。只要我们能够确信就好了。 + + 但是不要紧，不要紧，不要苦恼我们自己。我们实在信任那小火把，我们信任庇护这火把不至熄灭的无名的上帝。我的心里不知有多少的你，真的，可惜就是你不全部在这儿。 + + 不要怕克利福，如果他守着静默不要怕，他实在不能伤害你。等待吧，他终要摆脱你，终要把你抛弃，假如他不的话，我们总有方法无祁他的。但是，他终要摆脱你的。他终要把你象一个可恶的东西似地吐了出来的。 + + 现在我愈写愈不能尽了。 + + 但是我们的大部分是连在一起的。我们只要坚持着，准备着我们不无宾相聚。约翰·多马士向珍奴夫人道晚安，头有点低垂着，但是心是充满着希望的。 + + + +查泰莱夫人的情人序 + + +因为坊间出现了好几种《查太莱夫人的情人》的偷印版，所以我现在决意在法国印行这种六十法郎的廉价的大众版，我希望这一来定可满足欧洲大陆读者的要求了。但是，偷印家们——至少在美国——是猖厥的。真版的第一版书从佛罗伦斯寄到美国不到一月，在纽约业已有第一版的偷印版出卖了。这种偷印版与原版第一版，拿来卖给不存疑心的读者。价钱普通卖十五块金元，而原版的价钱是十元；买者对于这种欺骗是懵然无知的。 + +这种大胆的企图，他人也照样做起来了。有人告诉我，纽约还出有另一种摹本，而我自己也得到一本样子肮脏的书，用的是暗晦的橙色布面，绿色的包条，是油秽地影印出来的，里面还有偷印家家里的小孩子替我签上的假的签字。这种偷印版，在一九八二年未从纽约出现，后来又传到伦敦，索偷三十先令。于是我决意在佛罗伦斯印行第二版——两百本。价钱是一金镑。我原想再等一年以上再出的，但是我不得不发了出去以反抗那搞肮脏的橙色盗贼。不过发行的数目太少了，橙色盗贼还是打不倒。 + +以后我又得到了一本色调凄凉的偷印本，黑的书皮，长方的式样，凄凉得象一本圣经或圣歌。这一次，盗贼不但是质朴的，而后庄严起来了，他的书名页不是一页，而是两页。每都印了一只美国鹰的小插画，头上绕着六颗星，电光在它的爪上飞闪，一个桂冠把整个图事环绕了起来，以庆祝他的最近的文学的劫掠行为。真的，这是一本狰狞的书，它今人想起脸孔涂黑的船长奇德。对那些正要跳海而死的人读着持文。为什么那偷印家要用题头去把书形放长，我不知道。结果是批发这书弄得特别令人泪丧，狰狞地令人生怕。当然，这本书也是影印出来的，可是签字却遗漏了。我听说这愁惨的书要卖十块、二十块、三十块甚至五十块金元，那要看书贾的喜欢和买者的易否受骗。 + +这样看来，在美国有三种偷印版是无疑的了。我听说在还有第四种，也是原版的摹本。但是我既然没有见过，我情愿不去相信了。 + +此外，还有一种欧洲的偷印版，印了一千五百册，是一个巴黎的书店印出来的，书上注明：“在德国印刷”。是否在德国印刷可以不用管，无疑的那是印刷的，而不是影印的，因为原版上有些错字都给改正了。这是很不错的一本书，虽然没有我签字，却复制得和原本差不多，分别的地方就在它的书脊上的绿色的黄色丝边。这种版本卖给书贾是一百法郎，而卖给读者是三百、四百和五百法郎。据说有些狠无廉耻的书贾，假了我的签字在上面，把这书当作原版出卖。希望这不是真的。但是这一切都显得商业团体太黑暗了。虽然这儿倒有些足资慰藉的事。有一部分书贾，却坚决拒绝出卖偷印版，人情和商业道德不容他干这勾当。有些虽然卖，但是并不怎么热忱，显然他们都是情愿出卖著者许可的版本的。所以这种反对偷印家的纯正的感情是可贵的，即令还不足以将他们的路子打断。 + +所有这些偷印版都没有得过我任何形式的许可，我也没有得过他们半个铜于。虽然纽约的一个良心未死的书贾，却也寄给了我了些钱，说那是该书在他店里经售后的十分之一的版税。他的信说：“我知道，这不过是沧海第一滴罢了。”自然，他是说这只是大海里漏出来的一滴罢了。就这么一滴，已经是怪可观的一笔小数目，足见偷印家们的那个大海是鼓钦盛哉了！ + +我得到了欧洲偷印家们的一个为时已晚的提议，他们因为觉得书贾们太倔强了，情愿让我抽出卖和未卖的书的版税，只要我肯承认他们的版本。我自己想，好罢，在这种包办里，你不利用他们，他们便要利用你的，——为什么不呢？——但是当我到了要实行的时候，我的自尊心却反叛起来了。明白的、负义的犹大(judas)总是准备着给你一个亲吻的。但是要我回他一个亲吻，咳！…… + +因此我决意出了这种法国版，它是从原版影印的，价钱是六十法郎。英国的发行家们，力劝我出一个删改本，答应我丰富的报酬，或许是一桷——一个孩子在大海边刑事犯罪的小桷！——的黄金吧。而且他们坚决要我告诉读者，那么一来的删改本是一部优美的小说，所有“猥亵”；“淫秽”都没有了。这样我有点给他们引诱着了，而开始删改。但那是不可能的！那等于用剪刀裁剪我自己的鼻子。书流血了。 + +人们要反对只管反对，我却要表白这部小说是一本纯正的、健全的、我们今日历需要的书。有些字眼，起初是令人震惊的，过了一会便毫不可惊了。这是不是因为我们的心地给习惯所腐化了呢？绝不是。那些宇睛不过惊刺我们的睛眼，但从不惊刺我们的心地。没有心地的人只管震惊去吧，他们是不算数的。有心地的人自知他们是不震惊，而且事实上他们从没有震惊过，他们只觉得有一种解脱的感觉。 + +重要的地方就在这儿。我们今日的人类，已经进化超于我们的文化所附带的种种野蛮禁忌以外了。这种事实的认识是很重要的。 + +在十字军时代的人，大概最简单的宇眼对于他们都有一种姚引的权能，而非我们今日甩能想象的。所谓“猥亵的”字眼的挑引权能，对于中古时代人人愚昧的、混涵的、暴烈的天性，一定是很危险的，即使对于今日的天性卑下、迟钝而进化不全的人，也许还是太强的。但是，真正的教化，却使我们对于一个字眼只有内心的、想象的反映，而不是肉体的、暴列的、无理智的反映——那是要破坏社会风化的。从前，人心太愚或太野了，故一意想到他的肉体和肉体的官能的时候，便不免为主宰他的肉体的反应所苦。现在却不然了。教化和文明教我们把字眼与事实，思想与行为或与肉体反应脱离开来。我们现在知道，行为不一定是跟思想定的。事实上，思想和行动，字眼和事实，是意识的两种分离的形式。是我们所过的两种分离的生活。我们确实是需要把这两种东西联合起来。但是，当我们思想的时候，我们便不能行动；当我们行动的时候，我们便不能思想。最大的需要，是我们依照思想嘏行动和依照行动而思想。但是，当我们在思想中的时候，我们便不能真正行动；当我们在行动的时候，我们便不能真正思想，思想与行动这两种情境是互相排挤的。可是这两种情境是得要和谐地相生相承的。 + +这本书的真正意义便在这儿。我要世间的男子女于能够充分地、完备地、纯正地、无理地去思想性的事情。纵令我们不能如心所欲地作性的行动，但至少让我们有完备无理的性的思想。所以那些逸话，什么纯洁的少女，洁白得象一张未染墨的白纸，都是纯粹的胡说，一个少女和一个青年男子，是性的感情的性的思想的一种苦恼的网，一种沸腾的混乱，只有时间才能清出头绪的。多年的纯正的性思想，多年的性的奋斗行为’将使我们终于达到我们所要达到的地方，达到真正的功德圆满的贞洁，达到完备的终点，那时我们的性行为、性思想是相谐的，不相左的。 + +我毫无意思要所有的女子都去追求她们的守猎人做情人。我毫无意思要她们去追逐任何人。我们今日有许多男人和女人，都觉得过着与性爱隔绝的纯洁的生活，而同时更充分地去明白和了解性爱是最幸福的。在我们现在的时代，与其行动，不如了解。我们的过去，行动太多了——尤其是性爱的行动，厌烦地做来做去都是那一套，没有相当的思想，没有相当的了解。现在、我们所在努力的是性爱的了解。在今日，性爱的充分的觉悟的了解，是比行动更重要的。在蒙昧了千百年以后的精神，现在要求认识，充分地认识了。肉体实在是太被人忽视了。 + +现在的人在实行性爱的时候，他们大半的时间只觉得那是照例的行为。他们所以做，是因为他们以为那是他们的任务。而实际上，却只有精神在兴奋，肉体是要等人去挑拔才行的。原来是因为我们的祖先们，一向在实行性爱的时候就没有过思想和了解，到了现在，这行为便渐渐变为机械的、麻木的、令人泪丧的了，只有一种新鲜的内心的了解，才能使原来的鲜艳恢复。 + +在性爱中，精神是落后的，真实在所有肉体的行为中，精神都是落后的。我们的性爱思想，葡伏地爬行在一种黑暗中，一种秘密的惊恐中，这惊恐是我们的粗野的、未开化的祖先们所遗传下来的。只有在这一点上，性爱的肉体的这一点上，我们的精神是没有进化的。我们现在得要迎头赶上去，使肉体的感觉的意识，和这感觉本身和谐起来，使行为意识和行为本身和谐起来。这便要对于性爱有适当的尊敬，对于肉体的奇异的经验有相当的敬畏；这便要能够自由运用所谓猥亵的字眼，因为这些字眼是精神对于肉体所有意识的自然的一部分。猥亵之所以来，是因为精神蔑视和惧怕肉体，而肉体憎恨和反抗精神。 + +派克大佐的事件，便足以使人们醒悟了。派克大佐原是一个假扮男装的女子，这位“大佐”娶了一位女子，和她度了五年“炕责的幸福生活”。可怜的妻室在这五年中，自以为和普通人一样，快乐地嫁了一个真丈夫。等最终发觉的时候，这个可怜的妇人的残酷的惭愧是难于想象的。这种情境是怪异的。可是我们今日却有成千成万的女子，也许受着同样的欺骗而在五里雾中继续生活下去。为什么？因为她们毫无所知，因为她们完全不能有性爱的思想。在这一点上，她们是傻驱儿。这本书最好是拿给所有十七岁的少女们看看。 + +还有一位可敬的校长兼牧师的事件，也是一样可以令人醒悟的。他过了多年的无疆的神圣与道德的生涯后，在六十五岁的时候，缍因为强奸幼女而现身法庭。这事正发生在内政部长——他自己也上了年纪了——大声疾呼地要求而且勒令对于所有性爱事件皆应谨守缄默的时候。难道那另一位可敬的年高德盛的先生的经验，毫不使他考虑一下么？ + +但是事情就是这样，精神对于肉体和肉体的权能，有一种渊源古远的潜伏着的恐惧。在这一点上，我们得把精神解放出来，开化起来。精神对于肉体的恐怖，使无数的人癫狂。一个伟大如斯威夫特(swift)的精神之所以昏乱，这种原因至少可以拿来解释一部分。在他写给他的情妇赛利亚，赛利亚，赛利亚拉屎了”，足见精神恐怖的时候，对于一个大智者能有怎样的影响了。大智如斯威夫特，竟不知其自陷于多么可笑的情境。当然，赛利亚是要拉屎的。谁又不呢？如果她不的话，那就糟了。多么荒唐。想想这可怜的赛利亚吧，她的“情人”竟把她的自然官能说得使她感觉屈辱！这是怪异的。这一节都是因为禁用的字眼。和精神对于肉体与性有这的意识不够启发的缘敬。 + +一边，卫道家的“哼！哼！”产生着性爱的愚人；一边我们却有无因的聪明的摩登青年，“哼！哼！。哼不着他们。“笑骂由之”。一边大有人惧怕着肉体，而否认肉体的存在；一边，进步的青年们却走向另一个极端，把肉体当一种玩具看等待，这玩具虽有点儿讨厌，但是在它没有把你放弃以前，你却可以得到点乐趣。这些青年哪里管什么性爱不性爱，他们只当作一种酒喝，而且拿来做嘲笑老年人的话柄。这些青年是进步的，高傲的，一本象《查太莱夫人的情人》的书，他们是满不放在眼里的。他们觉得这书太简单、太平凡了。他们觉得些坏字眼是家常便饭，那种爱情的姿态是老式的。这什么大惊小怪？把爱情当一杯酒喝算了』他们说：“这书只是表示一个十四岁的男孩的心情罢了。”但是，也许一个对性爱还有点自然的敬畏与适当的惧伯的十四岁的男孩的心情，比之拿爱情当酒喝的青年们的心情还要健全呢‘这些青年，只知目空一切，他们的精神无所事事，只知玩着生活的玩具，尤其是性爱的玩具，而在这种游戏中，便失掉了他们的精神！ + +因此，在这般卫道的老顽固们中间(他们上了年纪后。大概也要犯强奸罪的)，在这般摩登青年中间，他们说：“我们什么都可以干，如果我们能思想某事便可干某事。”所以，在这般心地肮脏，追逐肮脏东西的下流野蛮的人们中间，这本书是没有什么活动余地的，但是我要对所有这般人说：“困守着你们的腐败吧——如果你们喜欢这种腐败；固守着你们的卫道主义的腐败吧，固守你们时髦的放荡曲腐败吧，固守着你们的肮脏心地的腐败吧，至于我，我是忠于我的书和我的态度的：如果精神与肉体不能谐和，如果他们没有自然的平衡和自然的相互的尊敬，生命是难堪的。” + + + + + +第一章 + + +我们根本就生活在一个悲剧的时代，因此我们不愿惊惶自忧。大灾难已经来临，我们处于废墟之中，我们开始建立一些新的小小的栖息地，怀抱一些新的微小的希望。这是一种颇为艰难的工作。现在没有一条通向未来的康庄大道，但是我们却迂回前进，或攀援障碍而过。不管天翻地覆，我们都得生活。 + +这大概就是康士丹斯·查太莱夫人的处境了。她曾亲尝世界大战的灾难，因此她了解了一个人必要生活，必要求知。 + +她在一九一七年大战中和克利福·查太莱结婚，那时他请了一个月的假回到英国来。他们度了一个月的蜜月后，克利福回到佛兰大斯前线去。六个月后，他一身破碎地被运返英国来，那时康士丹斯二十三岁，他是二十九岁。 + +他有一种惊奇的生命力。他并没有死。他的一身破碎似乎重台了。医生把他医治了两年了，结果仅以身免。可是腰部以下的半身，从此永久成了疯瘫。 + +一九二零年，克利福和康士丹斯回到他的世代者家勒格贝去。他的父亲已死了；克利福承袭了爵位，他是克利福男爵，康士丹斯便是查太莱男爵夫人了。他们来到这有点零丁的查太莱老家里，开始共同的生活，收入是不太充裕的。克利福除了一个不在一起住的姊妹外，并没有其他的近亲，他的长兄在大战中阵亡了。克利福明知自己半身残疾，生育的希望是绝灭了，因此回到烟雾沉沉的米德兰家里来，尽人事地使查泰莱家的烟火维持下去。 + +他实在并不颓丧。他可以坐在一轮椅里，来去优游。他还有一个装了发动机的自动椅，这一来，他可以自己驾驶着，慢慢地绕过花园而到那美丽的凄清的大林园里去；他对于这个大林园，虽然表示得满不在乎的样子，其实他是非常得意的。 + +他曾饱经苦难，致他受苦的能力都有点穷乏了。可是他却依然这样奇特、活泼、愉快，红润的健康的脸容，挑拨人的闪光的灰蓝眼睛，他简直可说是个乐天安命的人。他有宽大强壮的肩膊，两只有力的手。他穿的是华贵的衣服，结的是帮德街买来的讲究的领带。可是他的脸上却仍然表示着一个残废者的呆视的状态和有点空虚的样子。 + +他因为曾离死只间一发，所以这剩下的生命，于他是十分可贵的。他的不安地闪着光的眼睛，流露着死里生还的非常得意的神情，但是他受的伤是太重了，他里面的什么东西已经死灭了，某种感情已经没有了，剩下的只是个无知觉的空洞。 + +康士丹斯是个健康的村姑佯儿的女子，软软的褐色的头发，强壮的身体，迟缓的举止，但是富有非常的精力。她有两只好奇的大眼睛。温软的声音，好象是个初出乡庐的人，其实不然。她的父亲麦尔·勒德爵士，是个曾经享有鼎鼎大名的皇家艺术学会的会员。母亲是个有教养的费边社社员。在艺术家与社会主义者的谊染中，康士丹斯和她的婉妹希尔达，受了一种可以称为美育地非传统的教养。她们到过巴黎、罗马、佛罗伦斯呼吸艺术的空气，她们也到过海牙、柏林去参加社会主义者的大会，在这些大会里，演说的人用着所有的文明语言，毫无羞愧。 + +这样，这婉妹俩从小就尽情地生活在美术和政治的氛围中，她们已习损了。她们一方面是世界的，一方面又是乡土的。她们这种世界而又乡土的美术主义，是和纯洁的社会理想相吻合的。 + +她们十五岁的时候，到德国德累斯顿学习音乐。她们在那里过的是快活的日子。她们无园无束地生活在学生中间，她们和男子们争论着哲学、社会学和艺术上的种种问题。她们的学识并不下于男子；因为是女子，所以更胜于他们了。强壮的青年男子们，带着六弦琴和她们到林中漫游。她们歌唱着，歌喉动人的青年们，在旷野间，在清晨的林中奔窜，自由地为所欲为，尤其是自由地谈所欲谈。最要紧的还是谈话，热情的谈话，爱情不过是件小小的陪衬品。 + +希尔达和康士丹斯婉妹俩，都曾在十八岁的时候初试爱情。那些热情地和她们交谈，欢快地和她们歌唱，自由自在地和她们在林中野宿的男子们，不用说都欲望勃勃地想更进一步。她们起初是踌躇着；但是爱情这问题已经过许多的讨论，而且被认为是最重要的东西了，况且男子们又是这样低声下气地央求。为什么一个少女不能以身相就，象一个王后似的赐予思惠呢？ + +于是她们都赐身与平素最微妙、最亲密在一起讨论的男子了。辩论是重要的事情，恋爱和性交不过是一种原始的本能；一种反应，事后，她们对于对手的爱情冷挑了，而且有点憎很他们的倾向，仿佛他们侵犯了她们的秘密和自由似的。因为一个少女的尊严，和她的生存意义，全在获得绝对的、完全的、纯粹的、高尚的自由。要不是摆脱了从前的污秽的两性关系和可耻的主奴状态，一个少女的生命还有什么意义。 + +无论人怎样感情用事，性爱总是各种最古老、最宿秽的结合和从属状态之一。歌颂性爱的诗人们大都是男子。女子们‘向就知道有更好更高尚的东西。现在她们知之更确了。一个人的美丽纯洁的自由，是比任何性爱都可爱的。不过男子对于这点的看法太落后了，她们象狗似的坚要性的满足。 + +可是女人不得不退让，男于是象孩子般的嘴馋的，他要什么女人便得绘什么，否则他便孩子似的讨厌起来，暴躁起来把好事弄糟。，但是个女人可以顺从男子，而不恨让她内在的、自由的自我。那些高谈性爱的诗人和其他的人好象不大注意到这点。一个女人是可以有个男子，而不真正委身r让他支配的。反之，她可以利用这性爱去支配他。在性交的时候，她自己忍持着，让男子尽先尽情地发泄完了，然而她便可以把性交延长，而把他当作工具去满足她自目的性欲。 + +当大战爆发，她们急忙回家的时候，婉妹俩都有了爱情的经验了。她们所以恋爱，全是因为对手是可以亲切地、热烈地谈心的男子。和真正聪明的青年男子，一点钟又一点钟地，一天又一天地，热情地谈话，这种惊人的、深刻的、意想不到的美妙，是她们在经验以前所不知道的，天国的诺言：“您将有可以谈心的男子。”还没有吐露，而这奇妙的诺言却在她们明白其意义之前实现了。 + +在这些生动的、毫无隐讳的、亲密的谈心过后，性行为成为不可避免的了，那只好忍受。那象是一章的结尾，它本身也是令人情热的；那是肉体深处的一种奇特的、美妙的震颤，最后是一种自我决定的痉挛。宛如最后—个奋激的宇，和一段文字后一行表示题意中断的小点子一样。 + +一九一三年暑假她们回家的时候，那时希尔达二十岁，康妮①十八岁，她们的父亲便看出这婉妹俩已有了爱的经验了。 + +①康妮，康士丹斯的呢称。 + +好象谁说的：“爱情已在那儿经历过了。”但是他自已是个过来人，所以他听其自然。至于她们的母亲呢，那时她患着神经上的疯疾，离死不过几月了，她但愿她的女儿们能够“自由”，能够“成就”。但是她自己从没有成就过什么，她简直不能。上代知道那是什么缘故，因为她是个人进款和意志坚强的人。她埋怨她的丈夫。其实只是因为她不能摆脱心灵上的某种强有力的压制罢了。那和麦尔肯爵士是无关的，他不理她的埋怨和仇视，他们各行其事。所以妹妹俩是“自由”的。她们回到德累斯顿，重度往日学习音乐，在大学听讲，与年青男子们交际的生活。她们各自恋着她们的男子，她们的男子也热恋着她们。所有青年男子所能想，所能说所能写的美妙的东西，他们都为这两个少妇而想、而说、而写。康妮的情人是爱音乐的，希尔达的情人是技术家。至少在精神方面，他们全为这两个少妇生活着。另外的什么方面，他们是被人厌恶的；但是他们自己并不知道。 + +狠明显；爱情——肉体的爱——已在他们身上经过了。肉体的爱，使男子身体发生奇异的、微妙的、显然的变化。女子是更艳丽了，更微妙地圆满了，少女时代的粗糙处全消失了，脸上露出渴望的或胜利的情态。男子是更沉静了，更深刻了，即肩膊和臀部也不象从前硬直了。 + +这姊妹俩在性的快感中，几乎在男性的奇异的权力下面屈服了。但是很快她们便自拨了，把性的快感看作一种感觉，而保持了她们的自由。至于她们的情人呢，因为感激她们所赐与的性的满足，便把灵魂交给她们。但是不久，他们又有点觉得得不尝失了。康妮的男子开始有点负气的样子，希尔达的对手也渐渐态度轻蔑起来。但是男子们就是这样的；忘恩负义而永不满足！你要他们的时候，他们憎恨你，因为你要他们。你不睬他们的时候，他们还是憎恨你，因为旁的什么理由。或者毫无理由。他们是不知足的孩子，无论得到什么，无论女子怎样，都不满意的。 + +大战爆发了。希尔达和康妮又匆匆回家——她们在五月已经回家一次，那时是为了母亲的丧事。她们的两个德国情人，在一九一四年圣诞节都死了，姊妹俩恋恋地痛哭了一场，但是心里却把他们忘掉了，他们再也不存在了。 + +她们都住在新根洞她们父亲的——其实是她们母亲的家里。她们和那些拥护“自由”，穿法兰绒裤和法兰绒开领衬衣的剑桥大学学生们往来。这些学生是一种上流的感情的无政府主义者，说起话来，声音又低又浊，仪态力求讲究。希尔达突然和一个比她大十岁的人结了婚。她是这剑桥学生团体的一个者前辈，家财富有，而且在政府里有个好差事，他也写点哲学上的文章。她和他住在威士明斯泰的一所小屋里，来往的是政府人物，他们虽不是了不起的人，却是——或希望是——国中有权威的知识分子。他们知道自己所说的是什么或者装做知道。 + +康妮得了个战时轻易的工作，和那些嘲笑一切的，穿法兰绒裤的剑桥学生常在一块。她的朋友是克利福·查太莱，一个二十二岁的青年。他原在德国被恩研究煤矿技术，那时他刚从德国匆匆赶回来，他以前也在剑桥大学待过两年，现在，他是个堂堂的陆军中尉，穿上了军服，更可以目空一切了。 + +在社会地位上看来，克利福·查太莱是比康妮高的，康妮是属于小康的知识阶级；但他却是个贵族。虽不是大贵族，但总是贵族。他的父亲是个男爵，母亲是个子爵的女儿。 + +克利福虽比康妮出身高贵，更其上流，但却没有她磊落大方。在地主贵族的狭小的上流社会里，他便觉得安适，但在其他的中产阶级、民众和外国人所组合的大社会里，他却觉得怯懦不安了。说实话，他对于中下层阶级的大众和与自己不同阶级的外国人，是有点惧怕的。他自己觉得麻木了似的毫无保障；其实他有着所有优先权的保障。这是可怪的，但这是我们时代的一种稀有的现象。 + +这是为什么，一个雍容自在的少女康士丹斯·勒德使他颠倒了。她在那复杂浑沌的社会上，比他自然得多了。 + +然而，他却是个叛徒，甚至反叛他自己的阶级。也许反叛这字用得过火了，太过火了。他只是跟着普通一般青年的愤恨潮流，反对旧习惯，反对任何权势罢了。父辈的人都是可笑的，他自己的顽固的父亲，尤其可笑。一切政府都是可笑的，投机主义的英国政府，特别可笑，车队是可笑的，尤其是那些老而不死的将军们，至于那红脸的吉治纳将军②更是可笑之至了。甚至战争也是可笑的，虽然战争要杀不少人。 + +②吉治纳k(itchener)一九一四一一六年英国陆军部长。 + +总之，一切都有点可笑，或十分可笑，一切有权威的东西，无论军队、政府或可笑到绝点。自命有统治能力的统治阶级，也可笑。佐佛来男爵，克利福的父亲，尤其可笑。砍伐着他园里的树木，调拨着他煤矿场里的矿工，和败草一般地送到战场上去，他自己便安然在后方，高喊救国，可是他却人不敷出地为国花钱。 + +当克利福的姊妹爱玛·查太莱小姐从米德兰到伦敦去做看护工作的时候，她暗地里嘲笑着佐佛来男爵和他的刚愎的爱国主义。至于他的长于哈白呢，却公然大笑，虽然砍给战壕里用的树木是他自己的。但是克利福只是有点不安的微笑。一切都可笑，那是真的；但这可笑若挨到自己身上来的时候？其他阶级的人们，如康妮，是郑重其事的；他们是有所信仰的。 + +他们对于军队，对于征兵的恐吓，对于儿童们的糖与糖果的缺乏，是颇郑重其事的。这些事情，当然，都是当局的罪过。但是克利福却不关心，在他看来，当局本身就是可笑的，而不是因为糖果或军队问题。 + +当局者自己也觉得可笑，却有点可笑地行动着，一时紊乱得一塌糊涂。直至前方战事严重起来，路易·佐治出来救了国内的局面，这是超乎可笑的，于是目空一切的青年们不再嘲笑了。 + +一九—六年，克利福的哥哥哈白阵亡了。因此克利福成了唯一的继承人。甚至这个也使他害怕起来。他早就深知生在这查太莱世家的勒格贝，作佐佛来男爵儿子，是多么重要的，他决不能逃避他的命运。可是他知道在这沸腾的外面世界的人看来，也是可笑的。现在他是继承人，是勒格贝世代老家的负责人，这可不是骇人的事？这可不是显赫而同时也许是十分荒唐的事？ + +佐佛来男爵却不以为有什么荒唐的地方。他脸色苍白地、紧张地固执着要救他的祖国和他的地位，不管在位的是路易·佐治或任何人。他拥护英国和路易。佐治，正如他的祖先们拥护英国和圣佐治一样；他永不明白那儿有什么不同的地方。所以佐佛来男爵吹伐他的树木，拥护英国和路易·佐治。 + +他要克利福结婚，好生个嗣于，克利福觉得他的父亲是个不可救药的者顽固。但是他自己，除了会嘲笑一切，和极端嘲笑他自己的处境外，还有什么比他父亲更新颖的呢？因为不管他心愿与否，他是十分郑重其事地接受这爵衔和勒格贝家产了。 + +太战起初时的狂热消失了。死灭了。因为死的人太多了，恐怖太大了。男子需要扶持和安慰，需要一个铁锚把他碇泊在安全地下，需要一个妻子。 + +从前，查太莱兄弟姊妹三人，虽然认识的人多，却怪孤独地住在勒格贝家里，他们三人的关系是很密切的，因为他们三人觉得孤独，虽然有爵位和土地(也许正因为这个)，他们却觉得地位不坚，毫无保障。他们和生长地的米德兰工业区完全隔绝；他们甚至和同阶级的人也隔绝了，因为佐佛来男爵的性情是古怪的，”固执的，不喜与人交往的。他们嘲笑他们的父亲，但是他们却不愿人嘲笑他。 + +他们说过要永久的住在一块，但是现在哈白已死了。而佐佛来男爵又要克利福成婚。父亲这欲望并不正式表示，i他是很少说话的人，但是他的无言的、静默地坚持，是使克利福难以反抗的。 + +但是，爱玛却反对这事！她比克利福大十岁，她觉得克利福如果结婚，那便是离叛他们往日的约言。 + +然而，克利福终于娶了康妮，和她过了一个月的蜜月生活。那正在可怕的一九一七那一年；夫妇俩亲切得恰如正在沉没的船上的两个难人。结婚的时候，他还是个童男，所以性的方面，于他是没有多大意义的。他们只知相亲相爱，康妮觉得这种超乎性欲的男子不求“满足”的相亲相爱，是可喜的。而克利福也不象别的男子般的追求“满足”。不，亲情是比性交更深刻，更直接的。性交不过是偶然的、附带的事，不过是一种笨拙地坚持着的官能作用，并不是真正需要的东西。可是康妮却希翼着生些孩子，好使自己的地位强国起来，去反抗爱玛。 + +然而，一九一八年开始的时候，克利福伤得一身破碎。被运了回来，孩子没有生成。佐佛来男爵也忧愤中死去了。 + + + + + +第二章 + + +一九二零年的秋天，康妮和克利福回勒格贝老家来，爱玛因为仍然憎恶她弟弟的失信，已到伦敦租了间小房子住去下。 + +勒格贝是个褐色石筑的长而低的老屋。建筑于十八世纪中期，后来时加添补，直至成了一座无甚出色的大房屋，它坐落在一高丘上，在一个够优美的满是橡树的老林园中。可惜得很，从这儿看见附近煤矿场的烟雾成云的烟囱，和远处湿雾朦胧中的小山上的达娃斯哈村落，这村落差不多挨着园门开始，极其丑恶地蔓延一里之长，一行行的寒酸肌脏的砖墙小屋，黑石板的屋顶，尖锐的屋角，带着无限悲他的气概。 + +康妮是住惯了根新洞，看惯了苏格兰的小山，和苏色克斯的海岸沙丘的人，那便是她心目中的英格兰，她用年轻的忍耐精神，把这无灵魂的、丑恶的煤铁区的米德兰浏览了一遍，便撇开不顾了，那是令人难信的可怕的环境，是不必加以思索的。以勒格贝那些阴森的房屋里，她听得见矿坑里筛子机的轹轹声，起重机的喷气声。载重车换轨时的响声，和火车头粗哑的汽笛声。达娃斯哈的煤堤在燃烧着，已经燃烧好几年了，要熄灭它非一宗大款不可，所以只好任它烧着。风从那边吹来的时候——这是常事——屋里便充满了腐土经焚烧后的硫磺臭味。甚至无风的时候，空气里也带着一种地窖下的什么恶味。甚至在毛黄花上，也铺着一层煤灰，好象是恶天降下的黑甘露。 + +然而，世事就是这样，一切都是命定的！这是有点可怕的，但是为什么要反抗呢？反抗是无用的，事情还是一样继续下去。这便是生活，和其它一切一样！在晚上，那低低的黝黑的云天，浮动着一些斑斑的红点，肿涨着，收缩着，好象令人痛苦的火伤；那是煤地的一些高炉。起初，这种景色使康妮深深恐怖，她觉得自己生活在地窖里。以后，她渐渐习惯了。早晨的时候，天又下起雨来。 + +克利福自称勒格贝比伦敦可爱。这地方有一种特有的坚强的意志，居民有一种强大的欲望，康妮奇怪着，他们除此以外，还有什么尝试的东西。无论如何，见解和思想他们是没有的。这些居民和这地方一样，形容枯搞，丑陋，阴森而不和睦。不过在他们的含糊不清的土话里和他们在沥青路上曳着钉底鞍。一群一群的散工回家时候的嘈杂声里，却有些什么可怕而有点神秘的东西。 + +当这年轻的贵族归家时，谁也没有来欢迎他。没有宴会，没有代表，甚至一朵花也没有。只是当他的汽车在阴森的林中的潮湿空气里开过，经过那有些灰色绵羊在那里吃着草的园圃斜坡，来到那高丘上黑褐色的屋门前时，一个女管家和她的丈夫在那里等着，预备支吾几句欢迎的话。 + +勒格贝和达娃斯哈村落是毫无来往的。村里人见了他们，也不脱帽，也不鞠躬。矿工们见了只是眼睁地望着。商人见了康妮举举帽子，和对一个任何熟人一样，对克利福相通的深渊，双方都抱着一种沉静的仇恨。起初，康妮对于村人这种淫雨似的下个不尽的仇恨，很觉痛苦。后来她忍耐下来了，反而觉得那是一服强身剂，是予人以一种生趣的什么东西，这并不是因为她和克利福不孚众望，仅仅是因为他们和矿工是完全不同的两种人罢了。在特兰以南的地方，这种人与人之间的极端隔绝也许是不存在的。但是在中部和北部的工业区，他们间的隔绝是言语所难形容的。你走你的。我走我的！奇怪的相克的人类感情！ + +虽然，在无形中，村人对于克利福和康妮还有点同情，但是在骨子里，双方都抱着“别管我们罢”的态度。 + +这儿的牧师，是个勤于职务的约模六十岁的和蔼的人。村人的“别管我们罢”的无言态度把他克服了，差不多成了无足轻重的人物，矿工的妻子们几乎都是监理会教徒，面矿工们却是无所信仰的，但是即使这牧师所穿的那套制服，也就够使村人把他看成一个异常的人了。是的，他是个异常的人，他是亚士比先生，一种传道和祈祷的机械。 + +“管你是什么查太莱男爵夫人，我们并不输你！”村人的这种固执的本能的态度，起初是很使康妮十分不安而沮丧的。当她对矿工的妻子们表示好感的时候，她们那种奇怪的、猜疑的、虚伪的亲热，使她不觉得真难忍受。她常常听见这些女人们用着半阿谀的鼻音说：“啊！别小看我，查太莱男爵夫人和我说话来着呢！可是她却不必以为因此我便不如此！”这种奇异的冒犯的态度，也使康妮觉得怪难忍受。这是不能避免的。这些都是不可救药的离叛国教的人。 + +克利福并不留心他们，康妮也不学样。她经过村里时，目不旁视，村人呆望着她，好象她是会走的蜡人一样。当克利福有事和他们交谈的时候，他的态度是很高傲的，很轻蔑的，这不是讲亲爱的时候了，事实上，他对于任何不是同一阶级的人，总是很傲慢而轻蔑的。坚守着他的地位，一点也不想与人修好。他们不喜欢他。也不讨厌他，他只是世事的一部分，象煤矿场和勒格贝屋予一样。 + +但是自从半躯残废以来，克利福实在是很胆怯的。他除了自己的仆人外，谁也不愿见。因为他得坐在轮椅或小车里，可是他的高价的裁缝师，依旧把他穿得怪讲究的。他和往日一样，系着帮德街买来的讲究的领带。他的上半截和从前一样的时髦动人。他一向就没有近代青年们的那种女性模样；他的红润的脸色，阔大的肩膊，反而有牧人的粗壮神气。但是他的宁静而犹豫的声音，和他的勇敢却又惧怕，果断却又疑惑的眼睛，却显示着他的天真性。他的态度常常起初是敌对地傲慢的，跟着又谦逊、自卑而几乎畏缩下来。 + +康妮和他互相依恋，但和近代夫妻一样，各自守着相当的距离。他因为终身残废的打击，给他的内心的刨伤过重，所以失去了他的轻快和自然，他是个负伤的人，因此康妮热情地怜爱他。 + +但是康妮总觉得他和民间的来往太少了。矿工们在某种意义上是他的用人，但是在他看来，他们是物件，而不是人；他们是煤矿的一部分，而不是生命的一部分；他们是一些粗卑的怪物，而不是象他自己一样的人类。在某种情境上，他却惧怕他们，怕他们看见自己的这种残废。他们的奇怪的粗鄙的生活，在他看来，仿佛象刺猖的生活一样反乎自然。 + +他远远地关心着他们，象一个人在显微镜里或望远镜里望着一样。他和他们是没有直接接触的。除了因为习惯关系和勒格贝接触。因为家族关系和爱玛接触外，他和谁也没有真正的接触。什么也不能真正接触他。康妮自己也觉得没有真正地接触他。也许他根本就没有什么可以接触的东西，他是否定人类的交接的。 + +然而他是绝对地依赖于她的，他是无时无刻不需要她的。他虽魁伟壮健，可是却不能自己照顾自己，他虽可以坐在轮椅里把自己滚来滚去，他虽有一种小自动车，可以到林园里慢慢地兜兜圈子，但是独自的时候，他便象个无主宰的东西了。他需要康妮在一块，以使他相信自己是生存着的。 + +可是他是雄心勃勃的。他写些小说，写些关于他所知道的人的奇怪特别的小说。这些小说写得又刁又巧，又恶辣，可是神秘得没有什么深意。他的观察是异于常人的，奇特的，可是却没有使人能接触、能真正地接触的东西。一切都好象在虚无缥缈中发生。而且，因为我们今日的生活场面大都是人工地照亮起来的一个舞台，所以他的小说都是怪忠实于现代化生活的。说恰切些，是怪忠实现代心理的。 + +克利福对于他的小说毁誊，差不多是病态地易感的。他要人人都说他的小说好，是无出其右的最上作品。他的小说都在最摩登的杂志上发表，因此照例地受人赞美和非难。但是非难于克利福。是如刀刺肉般的酷刑。仿佛他的生命都在他的小说里。 + +康妮极力地帮助他。起初，她觉得很兴奋，他单调地、坚持地给她解说一切的事情，她得用全力去回答和了解。仿佛她整个的灵魂、肉体和性欲都得苏醒而穿过他的小说里。这使她兴奋而忘我。 + +他们的物质生活是很少的。她得监督家务。那多年服侍过佐佛来男爵的女管家是个干枯了的毫无苟且的老东西。她不但不象个女仆，连女人都不象。她在这里侍候餐事已经四十年了。就是其他的女仆也不年轻了。真可怖！在这样的地方，你除了听其自然以外；还有什么法子呢？所有这些数不尽的无人住的空房子，所有这些德米兰的习惯，机械式的整齐清洁！一切都很的秩序地、很清洁地、很精密地、甚至很真正的进行着。然而在康妮看来，这只是有秩序的无政府状态罢了。那儿并没有感情的热力的互相联系。整处屋子阴森得象一条冷清的街道。 + +她除了听其自然以外，还有什么方法？……于是她便听其自然了。爱玛·查太莱小姐，脸孔清瘦而傲慢，有时也上这儿来看望他们。看见一切都没有变动，觉得很是得意。她永远不能宽恕康妮，因为康妮拆散了她和她弟弟的深切的团结。是她——爱玛，才应该帮助克利福写他的小说，写他的书的。查太莱的小说，‘世界上一种新颖的东西，由他们姓查泰莱的人经手产生出来。这和从前的思想言论，是毫无共通，毫无有机的联系的。世界上只有查太莱的书，是新颖的，纯粹地个人的。 + +康妮的父亲，当他到勒格贝作短促的逗留的时候，对康妮说：“克利福的作品是巧妙的，但是底子里空无一物。那是不能长久的！……”康妮望着这老于世故的魁伟的苏格兰的老爵士，她的眼睛，她的两只老是惊异的蓝色的大眼睛，变得模糊起来。“空无一物！”这是什么意思？批评家们赞美他的作品，克利福差不多要出名了，而且他的作品还能赚一笔钱呢。……她的父亲却说克利福的作品空无一物，这是什么意思？他要他的作品里有什么东西？ + +因为康妮的观点是和一般青年一样的：眼前便是一切，将来与现在的相接，是不必彼此相属的。 + +那是她在勒格贝的第二个冬天了，她的父亲对她说： + +“康妮，我希望你不要因环境的关系而守活寡。” + +“守活寡！为什么呢？为什么不呢？”康妮漠然地答道。 + +“除非你愿意，那便没有话说了！”她的父亲忙说。 + +当他和克利福在一起而没有旁人的时候，他把同样的话对他说： + +“我恐怕守活寡的生活不太适合康妮。” + +“活活守寡！”克利福答道，把这短语讲得更明确了。 + +他沉思了一会后，脸孔通红起来，发怒了。 + +“怎么不适合她？”他强硬会问道。 + +“她渐渐地清瘦了……憔悴了。这并不是她一向的样子。她并不象那瘦小的沙丁，她是动人的苏格兰白鲈鱼。” + +“毫无斑点的自鲈鱼，当然了！”，克利福说。 + +过后，他想把守活寡这桩事对康妮谈谈。但是他总不能开口。他和她同时是太亲密而又不够亲密了，在精神上，他们是合一的；但在肉体上，他们是隔绝的；关于肉体事件的讨论，两人都要觉得难堪。他们是太亲密了同时又太疏远了。 + +然而康妮却猜出了她的父亲对无利福说过了什么，而克利福缄默地把它守在心里，她知道，她是否守活寡，或是与人私通，克利福是不关切的，只要他不确切地知道，和不必一定去知道。眼所不见，心所不知的事情，是不存在的。 + +康妮和克利福在勒格贝差不多两年了，他们度着一种漠然地生活，全神贯注在克利福和他的著作上。他们对于这种工作的共同兴趣不断的浓厚。他们谈论着，争执着行文结构，仿佛在那空虚之中有什么东西在发生，在真正发生似的。 + +他们已在共同工作着，这便是生活——一种空虚中的生活。 + +除此之外，其他一切都不存在了。勒格贝，仆人们……都是些鬼影。而不是现实。康妮也常到园和与园圃相连的林中去散步，欣赏着那里的孤僻和神秘，脚踢着秋天和落叶，或采摘着春天的莲馨花。这一切都是梦，真实的幻影。橡树的叶子，在她看来，仿佛是镜子里摇动着的叶子，她自己是书本里的人物，采着莲馨花，而这些花儿也不过是些影子，或是记忆，或是一些宇。她觉得什么也没有，没有实质，没有接触，没有联系！只有这与克利福的共同生活，只有这些无穷无尽的长谈和心理分析，只有这些麦尔肯爵士所谓的底子里一无所有而不能长久的小说。为什么底子里要有什么东西？为什么要传之久远？我们始且得过且过，直至不能再过之日。我们姑且得过且过，直至现在“出现”之日。 + +克利福的朋友——实际上只是些相识——很不少，他常把他们请到勒格贝来。他请的是各种各样的人，批评家，著作家，一些颂赞他的作品的人们。这些人都觉得被请到勒格贝来是荣幸的，于是他们歌颂他。康妮心里明白这一切，为什么不呢？这是镜中游影之一。她并不觉得有什么不好的地方。 + +她款待着这些客人——其中大部分是些男子。她也款待着克利福的不常来的贵族亲戚们。因为她长得温柔，脸色红润而带村对的风态，有着那易生色斑的嫩自的皮肤，大大的蓝眼睛，褐色卷发，温和的声音和微嫌坚强的腰部。所以人家把她看成一个不太时髦，而太“妇人”的女子。她并不是男孩似的象一条“小沙丁鱼”，她胸部扁平，臀部细小。她太女性了，所以不能十分时髦。 + +因此男子们，尤其是年纪不轻的男子们，都对她很献殷勤。他是，她知道如果她对他们稍微表示一点轻桃，那便要使可怜的克利福深感痛苦，所以她从不让这些男子们胆大起来。她守关那闲静而淡漠的态度，她和他们毫无密交，而且毫无这个意思。因此克利福是觉得非常自得的。 + +克利福的亲戚们，对她也很和蔼。她知道这种和蔼的原因，是因为她不使人惧怕。她也知道，如果你不使这些人有点怕你，他们是不会尊敬你的。但是她和他们也是毫无密交。她接受他们的和蔼和轻蔑，她让他们知道用不着剑拨弩张。她和他们是毫无真正的关系的。 + +时间便是这样过着。无论有了什么事。都象不是真正地’有那么回事，因为她和一切是太没有接触了。她和克利福在他们的理想里，在他们的著作里生活着。她款待着客人……家里是常常有客的。时间象钟一样地进行着，七点半过了是八点，八点过了是几点半。 + + + + + +第三章 + + +然而，康妮感着一种日见增大的不安的感觉。因为她与一切隔绝，所以不安的感觉便疯狂似地把她占据。当她要宁静时，这种不安便牵动着她的四肢；当她要舒适地休息时，这种不安便挺直着她的脊骨。它在她的身内，子宫里，和什么地方跳动着，直至她觉得非跳进水里去游泳以摆脱它不可。这是一种疯狂的不安。它使她的心毫无理由地狂跳起来。她渐渐地消瘦了。 + +这种不安，有时使她狂奔着穿过林园，丢开了克利福，在羊齿草丛中俯卧着。这样她便可以摆脱她的家……她得摆脱她的家和一切的人。树林象是她唯一的安身处，她的避难地。 + +但是树林却不是一个真正的安身避难的地方，因为她和树林并没有真正的接触。这只是她可以摆脱其他一切的一个地方罢了。她从来没有接触树林本身的精神……假如树林真有这种怪诞的东西的话。 + +朦胧地，她知道自己是渐渐地萎靡凋谢了；朦胧地，她知道自己和一切都没有联系，她已与实质的、有生命的世界脱离关系。她只有克利福和他的书，而这些书是没有生命的……里面是空无一物的，只是一个一个的空洞罢了。她朦胧地知道，她虽然朦胧地知道，但是她却觉得好象自己的头碰在石头上一样。 + +她的父亲又惊醒地说：“康妮，你为什么不找个情人呢？那于你是大有益处的。” + +那年冬天，蔑克里斯来这儿住了几天，他是个年轻的爱尔兰人，他写的剧本在美国上演，赚过一笔大钱。曾经有一个时候，他受过伦敦时髦社会很热烈的欢迎；因为他所写的都是时髦社会的剧本。后来，这般时髦社会的人们，渐渐地明白了自己实在被这达布林的流氓所嘲弄了，于是来了一个反动。蔑克里斯这个字成为最下流、最被轻视的宇了。他们发觉他是反对英国的，这一点，在发觉的人看来，是罪大恶极的。从此，伦敦和时髦社会把他诟骂得体无完肤，把他象一件脏东西似的丢在垃圾桶里。 + +可是蔑克里斯却住在贵族助梅惠区里，而且走过帮德街时，竟是仪表堂堂，俨然贵绅；因为只要你有钱，纵令你是个下流人。最好的裁缝师也不会拒绝你的光顾的。” + +这个三十岁的青年，虽然正在走着倒霉运气，但是克利福却不犹豫地把他请到勒格贝来。蔑克里斯大概拥有几百万的听众；而正当他现在被时髦社会所遗弃不时，居然被请到勒格贝来，他无疑地是要感激的。既然他心中感激，那么他无疑地便要帮助克利福在美国成名起来，不露马脚的吹嘘，是可以使人赫然出名的，不管出的是什么名——尤其是在美国，克利福是个未来的作家，而且是个很慕虚名的人。还有一层便是蔑克里斯曾把他在一出剧本里描写得伟大高贵，使克利福成了一种大众的英雄——直至他发觉了自己实在是受人嘲弄了的时候为止。 + +克利福这种盲目的、迫切的沽名钓誉的天性，他这种要使那浮游无定的大干世界——其实这种世界是他自己所不认识而且惧怕的——知道他，知道他是一个作家，一个第一流的新作家的天性，是有点使康妮惊异的。从她的强壮的、善于引答人彀的老父亲麦尔肯爵士本身，康妮知道艺术家们也是用吹牛方法使自己的货色抬高的。但是她的父亲用的是些老方法，这些老方法是其他皇家艺术学会的会员们兜售他们的作品时所通用的。至于克利福呢，他发现各种各样的新宣传方法。他把各种各样的人请到勒格贝来，他虽则不至于奴颜婶膝，但是他因为急于成名，所以凡是可用的手段都采用了。 + +蔑克里斯坐着一部漂亮的汽车，带了一个车夫和一个男仆来到了，他穿得漂亮极了；但是一看见了他，克利福的乡绅的心里便感到一种退缩。这蔑克里斯并不是……不确是……其实一点也不是……表里一致的。这一点在克利福看来是毫无疑义了，可是克利福对他是很有礼貌的；对他的惊人的成功是含着无限羡慕的。所谓“成功”的财神，在半谦卑半傲慢的蔑克里斯的脚跟边，张牙舞爪地徘徊着，保护着他。把克利福整个威吓着了；因为他自己也是想卖身与财神，也想成功的，如果她肯接受他的话。 + +不管伦敦最阔绰的的区域里裁缝师、帽子商人、理发匠、鞋匠怎样打扮蔑克里斯，他都显然地不是一个英国人。不，不，他显然地不是英国人；他的平板而苍白的脸孔；他的高兴举止和他的怨恨，都不是一个英国人所有的。他抱着怨恨，愤懑，让这种感情在举止上流露出来，这是一个真正的英国绅士所不齿为的。可怜的蔑克里斯，因为他受过的冷眼和攻击太多了，所以现在还是处处留神，时时担心，有点象狗似的尾巴藏在两腿间。他全凭着他的本能，尤其是他真厚脸皮，用他的戏剧在社会上层替自己打开了一条路，直至赫然成名。他的剧本得到了观众的欢心。他以为受人冷眼和攻击的日子过去了。唉，那知道这种日子没有过去……而且永不会过去呢！因为这玲眼和攻击之来，在某种意义上说，是他咎由自取的。他渴望着到不属于他的英国上流社会里去生活。但是他们多么写意地给他以种种攻击！而他是多么痛恨他们！ + +然而这达布林的杂种狗，却带着仆人，乘着漂亮的汽车，处到旅行。 + +他有的地方使康妮喜欢，他并不摆架感，他对自己不抱幻想。克利福所要知道的事情，他说得又有理，又简洁，又实际。他并不夸张或任性。他知道克利福请他到勒格贝来为的是要利用他，因此他象—个狡猾老练的大腹贾似的，态度差不多冷静地让人盘问种种问题，而他也从容大方地回答。 + +“金钱！”他说。“金钱是一种天性，弄钱是一个男子所有的天赋本能。不论你干什么：都是为钱；不论你弄什么把戏，也是为钱，这是你的天性中一种永久的事。你一旦开始了赚钱，你便继续赚下去；直至某种地步，我想。” + +“但是你得会开始才行。”克利福说。 + +“啊，当然呀，你得进到里面去，如果你不能进去，便什么也不行，你得打出一条进路；一旦有了进路，你就可以前行无阻了。” + +“但是除了写剧本外，还有弄钱的方法么？”克利福问道。 + +“啊，大概没有了！我也许是个好作家，或者是个坏作家，但我总是一个戏剧作家，我不能成为别的东西。这是毫无疑义的。” + +“你以为你必定要成为一个成功的戏剧作家么？”康妮问道。 + +“对了，的确！”他突然地回转头去向她说：“那是没有什么的！成功没有什么，甚至大众也没有什么。我的戏剧里，实在没有什么可使戏剧成功的东西。没有的。它们简直就是成功的戏剧罢了，和天气一样……是一种不得不这样的东西……至少目前是这样。” + +他的沉溺在无底的幻灭中的迟钝而微突的眼睛，转向康妮望着，她觉得微微战栗起来。他的样于是这样的老……无限的老；他似乎是个一代一代的幻灭累积而成的东西，和地层一样；而同时他又象个孤零的小孩子。在某种意义上，他是个被社会唾弃的人，但是他却象一只老鼠似的竭力挣扎地生活着。 + +“总之，在你这样年纪已有这种成就。是可惊的。”克利福沉思着说。’ + +“我今年三十岁了……是的，三十岁了！”蔑克里斯一边锐敏地说，一边怪异地笑着，这笑是空洞的，得意的，而又带苦味的。 + +“你还是独身一个人么？”康妮问道。 + +“你问的是什么意思？你问我独自生活着么？我却有个仆人。据她自己说，她是个希腊人，这是个什么也不会做的家伙。但是我却留着他，而我呢，我要结婚了。啊，是的，我定要结婚了。” + +“你把结婚说得好象你要割掉你的扁桃腺似的。”康妮笑着说，“难道结婚是这样困难的么？” + +他景慕地望着她，“是人，查太莱夫人，那是有点困难的！我觉得……请你原谅我这句话……我觉得我不能跟一个英国女子，甚至不能跟一个爱尔兰女于结婚……” + +“那么娶—个美国女子！”克利福说。 + +“啊，美国女子！”他空洞地笑了起来，“不，我会叫我的仆人替我找个土耳其女人，或者一个……一个什么近于东方的女人。” + +这个奇特的、沮丧的、大成大就的人，真使康妮觉得奇怪。人说，单在美国方面，他就有五万金元的进款。有时他是漂亮的，当他向地下或向旁边注视时，光线照在他的上面，他象一个象牙雕刻的黑人似的，有着一种沉静持久的美。他的眼睛有点突出，眉毛浓厚而奇异地糨曲着，嘴部紧缩而固定，这种暂时的但是显露的镇静，是佛所有意追求而黑人有时超自然流露出来的，是一种很老的、种族所默认的东西！多少世代以来，它就为种族的命运所默认，而不顾我们个别的反抗。然后，悄悄地浮游而度，象一只老鼠在一条黑暗的河里一样。 + +康妮突然奇异地对他同情起来。她的同情里有怜悯，却也带点憎恶，这种同情差不多近于爱情了。这个受人排挤、受人唾弃的人！人们说他浅薄无聊！但是克利福比他显得浅薄无聊得多，自作聪明得多！而且蠢笨得多呢。 + +蔑克里斯立刻知道她对他有了一种印象。他那有点浮突的褐色的眼睛，怪不经意地望着她。他打量着她，打量着她对于他的印象的深浅。他和英国人在一起的时候，是永远受人冷待的。甚至有爱情也不中用。可是女子们却有时为他颠倒……是的，甚至于英国女子们呢。 + +他分明知道他和克利福的关系如何。他们俩象是一对异种的狗，原应互相张牙舞爪的，而因情境所迫，便不得不挂着一副笑脸。但是和一个女人的关系如何，他却不太摸得着头脑了。 + +早餐是开在各人寝室里的。克利福在午餐以前从不出来，饭厅里总是有点忧闷。喝过咖啡后，蔑克里斯恍恍惚惚地烦燥起来，不知做什么好。这是十一月的一个美丽的日子……在勒格贝，这算是美丽的了。他望了那凄凉的园林。上帝哟！什么一块地方！ + +他叫仆人去问查太莱夫人要他帮什么忙不，因为他打算乘火车到雪非尔德走走。仆人回来说，查太莱夫人请他上她的起坐室里坐坐。 + +康妮的起坐室是三楼，这是屋座中部的最高层楼。克利福的住所，不待言是在楼下了。他觉得很荣耀的被请到查太莱夫人的私人客室里去。他盲目地跟着仆人……他是从不注意外界事物或与他的四周的事物有所接触的。可是在她的小客室里，他却模糊地望了一望那些美丽的德国复制的勒瓦和塞扎纳①的作品。 + +①勒努瓦(rbnoir)塞扎纳(cexanne)颤是法国近代印象源大画家． + +“这房子真是可爱。”他一边说一边奇异地微笑，露着牙齿，仿佛这的，“住在这样的高楼上，你真是聪明啊。” + +“可不是吗？”她说。 + +她的房子，是这大厅里唯一的华丽新式的房子，在勒格贝，只有这个地方能够表现点她的个性。克利福是从来没有看过这房子的，而她也很少请人上这儿来。 + +现在，她和蔑克里斯在火炉边相对坐着谈话。她问他关于他自己、他的父母；他的兄弟的事情……他人的事情，康妮总是觉得有趣而神秘的，而当她有了同情的时候，阶级的成见便全没有了。蔑克里斯爽直地说着他自己的事，爽直地、诚实地披露着他那痛苦的、冷淡的、丧家狗的心情，然后流露着他的成功后的复仇的高傲。 + +“但是你为什么还是这么孤寂呢？”康妮问道。 + +他的微突的、刺探的、褐色的眼睛，又向她望着。 + +“有的人是这样的。”他答道。然后他用着一种利落的，讽刺的口气说：“但是，你自己呢？你自己不是个孤寂的人么？”康妮听了有点吃惊，沉思了一会，然后答道：“也许有点儿；但并不是全然孤寂着，和你一样！” + +“我是全然地孤寂的人么？”他一边问，一边苦笑着，好象他牙痛似的，多么做作的微笑！他的眼睛带着十分忧郁的、忍痛的、幻灭的和惧怕的神气。 + +“但是，”她说，看见了他的神气，有点喘气起来：“你的确是孤寂的，不是么？” + +她觉得从他那里发出了一种急迫的求援，她差不多颠倒了。 + +“是的，的确！”他说着，把头转了过去，向旁边地下望着，静默着，好象古代人类般的那种奇异的静默，看见了他冷淡她的这种神气，使康妮气馁了。 + +他抬起头直望着她，他看见一切，而且记住一切。同时，象一个深夜哭喊的小孩，他从他的内心向她哭喊着，直使她的子宫深处都感动了。 + +“你这样关心我，你真是太好了。”他简括地说。 + +“为什么我不关心你呢？”他发着那种强勉的、疾嘶的、常嘶声的苦笑。 + +“啊，那么……我可以握一下你的手吗？”他突然问道，两眼差不多用催眠力似地疑视着她。他用这恳求；直感动到她的子宫深处。 + +她神魂颠倒地呆望着他，他定了过来，在她旁边跪下。两手紧紧地扭着她的两脚，他的脸伏在她的膝上，一动也不动。她已完他地迷感着了，在一种惊骇中俯望着他的柔嫩的颈背，觉着他的脸孔紧压着她的大腿。她茫然自失了，不由得把她的手，温柔地，伶悯地放在他的无抵抗的颓背上。他全身战栗起来。 + +跟着，他始起头，用那闪光的，带着可怖的恳求的两眼望着她；她完全地不能自主了，她的胸怀里泛流着一种对他回答的无限的欲望，她可以给他一切的一切。 + +他是个奇怪而娇弱的情人，对女人很是娇弱，不能自制地战栗着，而同时，却又冷静地默听着外界的一切动静。 + +在她呢，她除了知道自己的委身与他以外，其他一初都不在意了。惭渐地，他不战栗了，安静起来了，十分安静起来了。她怜悯地爱抚着他依在她胸前的头。 + +当他站起来的时候，他吻着她的双手，吻着她的穿着羔羊皮拖鞋的双脚。默默地走开到房子的那一边，背向着她站着。两个人都静默了一会。然后，他转身向她回来，她依旧坐在火炉旁边的那个老地方。 + +“现在，我想你要恨我了。”他温和地，无可奈何地说道。她迅速地向他仰望着。 + +“为什么要恨你呢？”她问道。 + +“女子们多数是这样的。”他说，然后又改正说：“我的意思是说……，人家认为女于是这样的。” + +“我即使要根你，也决不在此刻恨你。”她捧捧地说。 + +“我知道的！我知道的！应该是这样的！你对我真是太好了……。”他悲惨地叫道。 + +她奇怪着为什么他要这样的悲惨。“你不再坐下么？”她说。他向门边望了一望。 + +“克利福男爵！”他说，“他，他不会……？”她沉思了一会，说道；“也许！”然后她仰望着他，“我不愿意克利福知道……，甚至不愿让他猜疑什么，那定要使他太痛苦了。但是我并不以为那有什么错处，你说是不是？” + +“错处！好天爷呀，决没有的，你只是对我太好罢了……好到使我有点受不了罢了，这有什么错处？” + +他转过身去，她看见他差不多要哭了。 + +“但是我们不必让克利福知道，是不是？”她恳求着说，“那一来定要使他太痛苦了。假如他永不知道，永不猜疑，那么大家都好。” + +“我！”他差不多凶暴地说，“我不会让他知道什么的！你看罢。我，我自己去泄露！哈！哈！”想到这个，他不禁空洞地冷笑起来。她惊异地望着他。他对她说：“我可以吻吻你的手再走吗？我想到雪非尔德走一趟，在那儿午餐，如果你喜欢的话，午后我将回这里来喝茶，我可以替你做点什么事么？我可以确信你不恨我么——你不会恨我罢？”他用着一种不顾一切口气说完这些话。 + +“不，我不恨你。”她说，“我觉得你可爱。” + +“啊！”他兴奋地对她说：“我听你说这话，比听你说你爱我更喜欢！这里面的意思深得多呢……那么下午再会罢，我现在要想的事情多着呢。”他谦恭的吻了她的两手，然后走了。 + +在午餐的时候．克利福说：“这青年我真看不惯。” + +“为什么？”康妮问道。 + +“他是个金玉其外，败絮其中的家伙……他时时准备着向我们攻击。” + +“我想大家都对他太坏了。”康妮说。 + +“你惊怪这个么？难道你以为他天天干的是些好事么？” + +“我相信他是有某种宽宏慷慨的气量的。” + +“对谁宽宏慷慨？” + +“我倒不知道。” + +“当然你不知道啊，我恐怕你把任性妄为认作宽宏慷慨了。” + +康妮不做声，这是真的么？也许。可是蔑克里斯的任性妄为，有着某种使她迷惑的地方。他已经飞黄腾达了，而克利福只在匍匐地开始。他已用他的方式把世界征服了，这是克利福所求之不得的。说到方法和手段吗？难道蔑克里斯的方法和手段，比克利福的更卑下么？难道克利福的自吹自擂的登台术，比那可怜无助的人以自力狰扎前进的方法更高明么？“成功”的财神后面，跟着成千的张嘴垂舌的狗儿。那个先得到她的便是狗中之真狗！所以蔑克里斯是可以高举着他的尾巴的。 + +奇怪的是他并不这样做。他在午后茶点的时候，拿着一柬紫罗兰和百合花回来，依旧带着那丧家狗神气。康妮有时自问着，他这种神气，这种不变的神气，是不是拿来克敌的一种假面具，他真是一条可怜的狗吗？ + +他整个晚上坚持着那种用以掩藏自己的丧家狗的神气，虽然克利福已看穿了这神气里面的厚颜无耻。康妮却看不出来，也许因为他这种厚颜无耻并不是对付女人的，而是对付男子和他们的傲慢专横的。蔑克里斯这种不可毁灭的内在的厚颜无耻，便是使男子们憎恶他的原因。只要他一出现，不管他装得多么斯文得体，上流人便要引以为耻了。 + +康妮是爱上他了。但是她却没法自抑着真情，坐在那儿刺着绣，让他们去谈话。至于蔑克里斯呢，他毫不露出破绽，完全和昨天晚上一样，忧郁，专心，而又冷漠，和主人主妇象远隔得几百万里路似的，只和他们礼尚往来着，却不愿自献殷勤。康妮觉得他一定忘掉了早上的事了。但是他并没有忘掉。他知道他所处的境地……他仍旧是在外面的老地方，在那些天生成而被摈弃的人所处的那个地方。这回的恋爱，他毫不重视。因为他知道这恋爱是不会把他从一只无主的狗——从一只带着金颈圈而受人怨骂的无主狗，变成一只享福的上流家的狗的。 + +在他的灵魂深处，他的确是个反对社会的、局外的人、他内心里也承认这个，虽然他外表上穿得多么人时，他的离众孤立，在他看来，是必需的；正如他表面上是力求从众，奔走高门，也是必须一样。 + +但是偶然的恋爱一下，藉以安慰舒神，也是件好事，而且他并不是个忘思负义的人；反之，他对于一切自然的，出自心愿的恩爱，是热切的感激，感激到几乎流泪的。在他的苍白的、固定的、幻灭的脸孔后面，他的童子的灵魂，对那女人感恩地啜泣着，他焦急地要去亲近她；同时，他的被人摈弃的灵魂，却知道他实在是不愿与她纠缠的。 + +当他们在客厅里点着蜡烛要就寝的时候，他得了个机会对她说。 + +“我可以找你吗？” + +“不，我来找你。”她说。 + +“啊，好罢！，， + +他等了好久……但是她终于来了。 + +他是一种颤战而兴奋的情人，快感很快地来到，一会儿便完了。他的赤裸裸的身体，有一种象孩子似的无抵抗的希奇的东西：他象一个赤裸裸的孩童。他的抵抗力全在他的机智和狡猾之中，在他的狡猾的本能深处，而当这本能假寐着的时候，他显得加倍的赤裸，加倍地象一个孩子，皮肉松懈无力，却在拼命地挣扎着。 + +他引起了康妮的一种狂野的怜爱和温情，引起了她的一种狂野的渴望的肉欲。但是他没有满足他的肉欲，他的快感来得太快了。然后他萎缩在她的胸膛上，他的无耻的本能苏醒着，而她这时，却昏迷地，失望地，麻木地躺在那儿。 + +但是过了一会，她立刻觉得要紧紧地搂着他，使它留在她那里面，一任她动作着……一任她疯狂地热烈地动作着，直至她得到了她的最高快感。当地觉着她的疯狂的极度快感，是由他硬直的固守中得来的时候，他不禁奇异地觉得自得和满足。 + +“啊！多么好。”她颤战地低语着。她紧贴着他，现在她完全镇定下来了，而他呢，却孤寂地躺在那儿，可是带着骄傲神气。 + +他这次只住了三天，他对克利福的态度，和第一天晚上一样：对康妮也是一样，他的外表是毫无改变的。 + +他用着平时那种不平而忧郁的语调和康妮通信，有时写得很精彩。但总是渲染着一种奇异的无性爱的爱情。他好象觉得对她的爱情是一种无望的爱情，他们间原来的隔阂是不变的。他的深心处是没有希望的，而他也不愿有希望。他对于希望存有一种恨心。他在什么地方读过这句话：“一个庞大的希望穿过了大地。”他添了一个注说：“这希望把一切有价值的东西都扫荡无余了。” + +康妮实在并不了解他；但是她自己觉得爱他。她的心里时时都感觉到他的失望。她是不能深深地、深深地爱而不存在希望的。而他呢，因为没有希望在心里，所以决不能深爱。 + +这样，他们继续了好久，互相通着信，偶尔也在伦敦相会。她依旧喜欢在他的极度快感完毕后，用自力得到的那种强烈的肉的快感。他也依旧喜欢去满足她。只这一点便足以维持他们间的关系。 + +她在勒格贝非常地快活。她用这种快活和满意去激励克利福，所以他在这时的作品写得最好，而且他几乎奇异地、盲目的觉得快活。其实，他是收获着她从蔑克里斯坚挺在她里面时，用自力得到的性的满足的果子。但是，他当然不知道这个的，要是知道了，他是决不会道谢的！ + +然而，当她的心花怒放地快乐而使人激励的日子过去了时，完全过去了时，她变成颓丧而易怒时，克利福是多么晦气啊！要是他知道个中因果，也许他还愿意她和蔑克里斯重新相聚呢。 + + + + + +第四章 + + +康妮常常预感到她和蔑克——人们这样叫他——的关系是不会有什么结果的。可是其他的男子好象不在她的眼里。她牵系着克利福。他需要她的大部分生命，而她也给他。但是她也需要一个男子给她大部分的生命，这是克利福没有给也不能给的。于是她不时地和蔑克里斯幽会。但是，她已经预知这是要完结的。和蔑克斯没有什么东西可以长久的。他的天性是要迫使他破坏一切关系而重新成为自由的、孤独的、寂寞的野狗的。在他看来，这是他的大需要，虽然他总是说：她把我丢弃了！ + +人们以为世界上是充满着可能的事的。但是在多数的个人经验上，可能的事却这样的少。大海里有许多的好色……也许……但是大多数似乎只是些沙丁鱼和鲱鱼。如果你自己不是沙鲱鱼，你大概便要觉得在这大海里好鱼是很少的。 + +克利福的名声日噪起来，甚至赚着钱了。许多人来勒格贝看他。康妮差不多天天要招待客人。但是这些都是些沙丁鱼或鲱鱼，偶尔地也有一尾较稀罕的鲇鱼或海鳗。 + +有几个是常来的客，他们都是克利福在剑桥大学的同学。有一个是唐米·督克斯，他是服务军界的人，一个旅长，他说：“军队生活使我有余暇去思想，而且免得我加人生活的争斗。” + +还有查理·梅，他是个爱尔兰人，他写些关于星辰的科学著作。还有一位也是作家，他叫韩蒙。他们都和克利福年纪相仿，都是当时的青年知识分子。他们都信仰精神生活。在精神生活范围以外的行为，是私事，是无关重要的。你什么时候上厕所，谁也不想打听，这种事除了自己外，谁也不感兴趣的。 + +就是日常生活上大部分的事情也是这样。你怎样弄钱，你是不是爱你的太太，你有没有外遇，所有这一切只是你自己的事，和上厕所一样，对他人是没有兴趣的。 + +韩蒙是个身材高瘦的人，他有妻子和两个孩子，但是他和一个女打字员亲密得多了。他说：“性问题的要点，便是里面并没有什么要点。严格地说，那就不是个问题。我们不想跟他人上厕所，那么为什么我们要理睬他人的床第间事？问题就是这儿。假如我们把床第间事看成和上厕所一样，那便没有什么问题了。这完全是无意义无要点的事；这仅仅是个不正当的好奇心的问题罢了。” + +“说得对，韩蒙，你说得真对！但是如果有什么人跟朱丽亚求爱，你便要沸腾起来；如果他再追求下去，那你便要发作了……。”朱丽亚是韩蒙的妻子。 + +“咳，当然呀！要是什么人在我的客厅里撤起尿来，我定要发作的。每个东西有每个东西的位置。” + +“这是说要是有人和朱丽亚躲在壁龛里恋爱起来，你便不介意么？” + +查理·梅的态度是有点嘲弄的，因为他和朱丽亚曾有过点眉目传情的事，而给韩蒙严峻地破坏了。 + +“那我自然要介意。性爱是我和朱丽亚两人间的私事；如果谁想插进来，自然我要介意的。” + +那清瘦而有雀斑的唐米·督克斯，比起苍白而肥胖的查理·梅来，更带爱尔兰色彩。他说：“总而言之，韩蒙，你有一种很强的占有性和一种很强的自负的意志，而且你老想成功。自从我决意投身军界以来，我已经罕与世俗接触，现在我才知道人们是多么切望着成功和出人头地，我们的个性在这方面发展的多么过火！当然，象你这样的人，是以为得了一个女子的帮助是易于成功押。这便是你所以这样嫉的缘故。所以性爱在你看来是……你和朱丽亚之间的一种关系重大的发电机，是应该使你成功的东西。如果你不成功，你便要同失意的查里一样，开始向女人眉来眼去起来。象你和朱丽亚这种结过婚的人，都标着一种旅客手蕈上一样的标签，朱丽亚的标签上写的‘韩蒙太太’，好象属于某人的箱子似的。你的标签上写是‘韩蒙，由韩蒙太太转交’。啊，你是很对的，你是很对的！精神生活也需要舒适的家庭和可口的饭菜。你是很对的。精神生活还需要子孙兴眨呢！这一切都以成功与否为转移，成功便是一切事情的中轴。” + +韩蒙听了似乎有点生气。他对自己的心地清白、不随俗浮沉是有点自负的。虽然这样，他确实是希望成功的。 + +“那是真的，你没有钱便不能生活。”查理梅说，“你得有相当的钱才能生活下去……没有钱，甚至思想都不能自由，否则你的肚子是不答应地的。但是在我看来，在性爱上，你尽可以把标签除去。我们既可以自由地向任何人谈话，那么为什么我们不能向任何我们所喜欢的女子求爱呢？” + +“好色的色尔特人的说法。”克利福说。 + +“好色！哼！为什么不可以？我不明白炎什么同一个女人睡觉，比同她跳舞……如谈天气的好坏，对有什么更大的害处，那不过是感觉的交换代替思想的交换罢了。那为什么不可以？” + +“象兔子一样的苟合？”韩蒙说。 + +“为什么不可以？兔子有什么不对？难道兔子比那神经病的，革命的，充湖仇恨的人类更坏么？” + +“可是我们并不是兔子呀。”韩蒙说。 + +“不错，我们有个心灵。我有些关于天文的问题要计算，这问题于我差不多比生死还重要。有时消化不良妨碍我的工作，饮饿的时候妨碍得更厉害。同样，性的饮饿也妨碍我，怎么办呢？” + +“我想你受的是性欲过度后的消化不良的苦罢。”韩蒙讥讽地说。 + +“不是！我吃也不过度。性交也不过度。过度是可以自由制止的。但是钢钢笔便没有办法，你想叫我饿死么？ + +“一点也不！你可以结婚呀？” + +“你怎么知道我可以结婚？结婚也许不宜于我的精神结构。结婚也许要把我的精神变成荒谬”我是不适于结婚的……那么我便应该象和尚似的关在狗笼里么？没有这样狂妄的事，我的朋友，我必要生活和弄我的计算。我有时也需要女人。这并不是什么了不起的事，谁要发什么道德风化的议论，我都不睬。如果有个女人，象个箱子似的带着我的名字和住下场的标签，到处乱跑，我定要觉得羞耻的。” + +因为和朱丽亚调情的事，这两个人自抱着怨恨。 + +“查理，你这意思倒很有趣。”督克斯说，“性交不过是谈话的加一种形式，不过谈话是把字句说出来，而性交却是把宇各项做出来罢了。我觉得这是很对的。我以为我们既可以和女子们交换时好时坏的意见。也尽可以和她们交换性欲的感觉和情绪。性交可以说是男女间肉体的正常的谈话，谈起来也会是索然无味的。同样的道理，假如你和一个女子没有共通的情欲或同情，你便不跟她睡觉。但你是若有了…… + +“你若对一个女人共有了相当的情绪或同情时，你便该和她睡觉。”查里梅说，“和她睡去，这唯一可干的正经画。同样的道理，要是你和谁谈得有味时，你便谈个痛快。这是唯一可干的下经事。你并不假惺惺地咬着舌头不说。那时你是欲罢不能的。和女人睡觉也是这个道理。” + +“不，”韩蒙道，“这话不对。拿你自己来说罢，老梅，你一半的精力浪费在女人身上。你固然有才能，但你决不会干你应该干的事情。你的才能在那另一方面用得太多了。” + +“也许……不过，亲爱的韩蒙，不管你结过婚没有，你的才能却在这一方面用得太少了。你的心灵也许保持着纯洁正直，但是你的心耿是干枯下去的。在我看来，你那纯洁的心灵却干核得和木竿一样。你愈说愈干。” + +唐米·督克斯不禁大笑起来。 + +“算了罢，你们两个心灵！”他说，“你们看我……。我并不干什么高尚纯洁的心灵工作，我只记取点他人的意见。然而我既不结婚，也不追逐女人。我觉得查里是很对的；要是他想去追逐女人，他很自由地可以不追逐得过火。但是我决不禁止他去追逐。至于韩蒙呢，他有的是占有的天性，因此那迳直的路和狭隘的门自然是适合他的了。你们瞧瞧着罢，他不久便要成为真正的英国文豪，从头到脚都是abc的。至于我自己呢，我什么都说不上，我只是个好花舌的人，你的意见怎样，克利福？你以为性爱是帮助一个男子在世上成功的发电机么？” + +在这种情境里，克利福是不太说话的。他一向是不当众演说的，他的思想实在缺少力量，他太摸不清头脑而且太易感动了。督克斯的问题使他不安地脸红起来。 + +“晤！”克利福讷讷着说，“无论怎样我想我没有多大的意见……我想，‘结婚罢，不要多说了’，这大概便是我的意见。虽然，在一对相爱的男女之间，房事是一件重要的事，这是当然的了。” + +“怎样重要呢？”督克斯问道。 + +“啊……那可以促进亲密。”克利福说，这种谈话使他不安得象一个女子一样。 + +“好，查里和我都相信性交是一种互通声气的方法，象说话一样。要是一个女子开始同我作性的谈话，自然时机一到，我便要把这种谈话同她到床上去完成。不幸的是没有女子同我开始谈这种话，所以我只好独自上床去，而我的身子也不见得有什么更坏……至少我这佯希望，因为我怎么知道呢？无论如何，我没有什么天文计算要被妨碍，也没有什么不朽的著作要写，我只是个隐匿在军队里的懒汉罢了。” + +房子里沉静下来了。四个男子在吸烟。康妮坐在那儿，一针一针地做活……是人，她坐在那儿，她得一声不响地坐在那儿。她得象一个耗子似的静坐在那儿，不去打扰这些知识高超的贵绅们路每项重要的争论。她不得不坐在那儿；没有她，他们的谈话便没有这么起劲；他们的意见便不能这么自由发挥了。没有康妮，克利福便要变成更局促，更不安，更易烦躁，谈话便无生气。唐米·督免斯是最健谈的；康妮的在场，有点使他觉得兴致勃然。她不大喜欢韩蒙，她觉得他在心灵上是个自私自利的人，至于查理·梅，她虽然觉得他有的地方可喜，却有点讨厌他，管他的什么星象。 + +多少晚上，康妮坐在那儿听这四个人或其他一二个人的讨论！他们的讨论从来没有什么结果，她也不觉得多大的烦恼。她喜欢听他们的心曲，特别是唐米在座的时候，那是有趣的。他们并不吻你，摸触你，便是他们却把心灵向你盘托出。那是很有趣的。不过他们的心是多么冷酷啊； + +然而有时也有点令她觉得讨厌。他们一提起蔑克里斯的名，便盛气凌人地骂他是杂种的幸进者，是无教育的最贱的下流人，但是康妮却比较尊重他。不论他是不是杂种的下流人，他却一直向目的地走去。他并不仅仅用无限的言词，到处去夸耀精神生活。 + +康妮并不讨太原市精神生活；并且她还从中得到奋激，但是她觉得人们把精神生活的好处说得太过于铺张扬历了。她很喜欢那香烟的烟雾参加这些“密友夜聚”——这是她私下起的名字，她觉得很有趣，而且觉得自得，因为没有她默默地座的时候，他们连谈话都不起劲。但无论如何、那儿有个深不可解的神秘，他们空洞地、无结果地谈论着，但是谈论的究竟是什么，她怎么也不能知道。而蔑克里斯也弄不明白。但蔑克并不想做什么，他只求胆哲保身，蝎力哄骗人家，正如人家之竭力哄骗他一样。他实在是反对社会的，这是克利福的他的密支们都反对他的缘故。克利福和他的密友们是拥护社会的；他们多少是在拯救人类，至少是想开导人类的。 + +星期日的晚上，有个起劲的聚谈，话柄又转到爱情上。 + +“祝福把我们的心结合为一的联系，……”唐米·督克斯说，“我很知道这联系究竟是什么……此刻把我们结合起来的联系，是我们的精神的交触。除此以外，我们间的联系的确少极了。我们一转过了背，梗互相底毁起来，象所有其他的该死的知识分子一样，象所有的该死的人一样，因为所有的人都这么干。不然的话，我们便把这些互相底毁的话，用甜言蜜语隐藏起来。说也奇怪，精神生活，若不植于怨恨里和不可名状的无底的深恨里，不好象便不会欣欣向荣似的。这是一向就这样的！看看苏格拉底和拍拉图一类人罢！那种深假如大恨，那种以诽谤他人为无上快乐的态度，不论是他们的敌人普罗塔哥拉斯(proagoras)或是任何人！亚尔西比亚得斯(alcibides)和其他所有的狐群狗党的弟子们都加入作乱！这使我们宁可选择那默默地坐在菩提树下的佛，或是那毫无诡谲狡猾的心而和平地向弟子们说教的耶酥”不，精神生活在根本上就有什么毛病。它是植根于仇恨与嫉、嫉与仇恨之中的。你看了果子便知道树是什么了。” + +“我就不相信我们大家都这样仇恨的。”克利福抗仪说。 + +我亲爱的克利福，想想我们大家互相品评的样子罢。我自己比任何人都坏。因为我宁愿那自然而然的执根，而不愿那做作的甜言蜜语。傲作的甜言蜜语就是毒药。当我们开始说克利福是个好人这一类的恭维话时，那是因为克利福太可怜了的缘故。天呀，请你们说我的坏话罢，这一来我却知道你们还看得起我。千万别甜言蜜语，否则我便完了！” + +“啊！但是我相信我们彼此上诚实地相爱的。”韩蒙说。 + +“我告诉你，我们安得不相爱……因为我们在背地里都说彼此的坏话！我自己便是一个顶坏的人。” + +“我相信你把精神生活和批评活动混在一起了。苏格拉底在批评活动上给了一个大大的推动，这点我是和你的意见一致的，但是他的工作并不尽于此。”查里·梅煞有介事地说。他们这班密友们，表面上假装谦虚，实在都是怪自命不凡的。他们骨子里是目空一切。却地装出那低首下气的神气。 + +督克斯不愿再谈苏格拉底了。 + +“的确，批评和学问是两回事。”韩蒙说。 + +“当然，那是两回事。”巴里附和说。巴里是个褐色头发的羞怯的青年，他来这儿访督克斯，晚上便在这儿过夜了。 + +大家都望着分，仿佛听见驴子说了话似的。 + +“我并不是在讨论学问……我是在讨论精神生活。”督克斯笑着说，“真正的学问是从全部的有总识的肉体产生出来的；不但从你的脑里和精神里产生出来，而且也从你的肚里和生殖器钳制其他一切。这两种东西便只好批评而抹煞一切了。这两种东西只好这样做。这是很重要的问题。我的上帝，我们现在的世界需要批评……致命的批评。所以还是让我们过着精神的生活，’尽量的仇恨，而把腐旧的西洋镜戳穿罢。但是你注意这一点：当你过着你的生活时，你至少是参与全生活的机构的一部分。但是你一开始了精神生活后，你就等于把苹果从树上摘了下来；你把树和苹果的关系——固有的关系截断了。如果你在生命里只有精神生活，那么你是从树上掉下来了……你自己就是一个摘下赤的苹果了。这一来，你便逻辑地不得不要仇恨起来，正如一个摘下来的苹果，自然地不得不要腐坏一样。” + +克利福睁着两眼，这些活对他是毫无意义的。康妮对自己暗笑着。 + +“好，那么我们都是摘下赤的苹果了。”韩蒙有点恼怒地说。 + +“既是这燕，让我们把自己来酿成苹果酒好了。”查量说。 + +“但是你觉得波尔雪维克主义怎样？”那褐色头发的巴里问道，仿佛这些讨论应庐归结到这上面似的； + +“妙哪！”查里高叫道，“你觉得波尔雪维克主义怎样？” + +“算了罢！让我们把波尔雪维克主义切成肉酱罢！”督克斯说。 + +“我恐怕波尔雪维克主义是个太大的问题。”韩蒙摇着头郑重地说。 + +“在我看来，”查理说，“波尔雪维克主义就是对于他们所谓的布尔乔亚的一种极端的仇屈服主义；至于布尔乔亚是什么？却没有确实的界说。它偷旬资本主义，这是界说之一。感情和情绪是决然地布尔乔亚的，所以你得发明一个无感情无情绪的人。” + +“其次谈到个人主义，尤其是个人，那也布尔乔亚，所以定要铲除。你得淹没在更伟大的东西下面。在苏维埃社会主义下面。甚至有机体也是布尔乔亚，所以。归高理想机械。机械是唯一个体的、无机体的东西。由许多不同的但都是基要的部分组合而成。每个人都是机械的一部分。这机器的推动力是仇恨……对布尔乔亚的仇恨。‘在我看来，波尔雪维克主义便是之样。” + +“的确！”康米说，“但是你这篇话，我觉得也可以作为工业理想的确切写照；简言之，那便是工厂主人的理想，不过他定要否认推动力是仇恨罢了。然而推动力的确是仇恨；驿于生命本身的仇恨。瞧瞧米德兰这些地方罢，不是到处都是仇恨么，但那是精神生活的一部分；那是台乎逻辑的发展。” + +“我否认波尔雪维克主义是合乎逻辑的，它根本就反对前提上的大前提。”韩蒙说道。 + +“但是，亲爱的朋友，它却不反对物质的前提；纯粹的精神主义也不反对这物质的前提……甚至只有这物质的前提它才接受呢。” + +“无论如何，波尔雪维克主义已经达到事物的绝底了。”查里说。 + +“绝底！那是无底的底！波尔雪维克主义者不久便要有世界上最精的、机械设备最佳的军队了。” + +“但是这种仇恨的状态是不能持久下去的，那定要引起反动的……。”韩蒙说。 + +“那，我们已经等候多年了……我们还要再等呢．。份恨是和别的东西一样日见滋长的。那是我们的最深固的天性受了强暴的必然结果；我们强迫我们的最深固的感情，去适合某种理想。我们用一种公式推动我们自己，象推动一部机械一样，逻辑的精神自以为可以领导一切，而一节却变成纯粹的·仇恨了。我们都是波尔雪维克主义者，不过我们假仁假交罢了。俄国人是不假仁假义的波尔雪维克主义者。” + +“但是除了苏维埃这条路外，还有许多其他的路呀。”韩蒙说，“波尔雪维克主义者们实在是不聪明的。” + +“当然不，但是如果你想达到某种目的，有时候愚蠢是一种聪明方法。我个人认为波尔雪维主义者，不过我们另起一个名称罢了。我们相信我们是神……象神一样的人！波尔雪维克主义者，我们便得有人性，有心，有生殖器……因为神和波尔雪维克主义者都是一样的：他们太好了，所以就不真实了。” + +大家正在不满意的沉默着，巴里突然不安地问道： + +“那么你相信爱情罢，唐米，是不是？” + +“可爱的孩子！”唐米说，“不，我的小天使，十有九我不相信；爱情在今日也不过有许多愚蠢的把戏中之一种罢了。那些娇媚态的登徒于们，和那些喜欢‘爵士’舞，屁股小得象领钮般的小妮于们苟合，你是说这种爱情呢？还是那种财产共有，指望成功，我的丈夫我的太太的爱情呢？不，我的好朋友，‘我一点儿也不相信！” + +“但是你总相信点什么东西罢？” + +“我？啊，理智地说来，我相信要有一个好心，一条生动的阳具，一个锐利的智慧，和在一位高尚的妇女面前说‘妈的屎’的勇气。” + +“那么这种种你都具有了。”巴里说。 + +唐米·督克斯狂笑起来。“你这个好孩子！要是我真具有这种种，那就好了！不，我的心麻木得象马铃薯一样，我的阳具萎垂不振，若要我在我的母亲和姑母面前说‘好的屎！’，我宁可干脆地把这阳具割了……她们都是真正的高尚妇女，请你注意；而且我实在是没有什么智慧，我只是个附庸精神生活的人。有智慧，这是多么美好的事情！有了智慧，一个人全身的各部分——便或不便说出的各部分，都要活泼起来。阳具对于任何真正有智慧的人都要指正起头来说：你好？勒努瓦说过，他的画是用他的阳具画出来的……的确的，他的画是多么美！我真想也用我的阳具作些什么事情。上帝奈何一个人只能这么说！这是地狱里添多了一种酷刑！那是苏格拉底发端的。” + +“但是世界上也有好女子呢。”康妮终于拾起头来说。大家听了都有些怨她……她应该装聋作哑才是。这第一种谈话她竟细细地听，那使他们大不高兴了。 + +“我的上帝？‘要是她们对我来说不好，她们好又与我何干？’” + +“不，那是没有办法的，我简直不能和一个女子共鸣起来、没有一个女子使我在她面前的时候觉得真正需要她，而我也不打算勉强我自己……上帝，不』我将依然故我的度我的精神生活。这是我所能做的唯一的正经事。我可以和女子们谈天，而得到很大的乐趣！你以为怎样，我的小朋友？” + +“要是一个人能够保持着这种纯洁的生活，是就可以少掉许多麻烦了。”巴里说。 + +“是的，生活是太单调了！” + + + + + +第五章 + + +一个二月的有淡淡阳光的降霜的早晨，克利福和康妮出去散步，穿过大花园向树林里走去，克利福驶着他的小自动车，康妮在他旁边步行。 + +严冷的空气里依然带着硫磺气味，但是他们俩都已习惯于这种气味了。近处的天边，笼罩着一种蛋白石色的霜和烟混成雾，顶上便是一块小小的青天。因此；使人觉得是被磁禁在一个围子里，老是在围子里。生命老是象个梦幻或疯狂，被关禁在一个围子里。 + +一些绵羊在园中的干枯的乱草丛里嗤喘着，那儿的草窝里积着一些带蓝色的霜，一条浅红色的小路，象一条美丽的带子似的。婉蜒地横过大花园直至树林门口。克利福新近才叫人在这小路上铺了一层从煤坑边取来的筛过的沙砾。这些焚烧过而没有硫磺传的沙砾。在天气干燥的时候，呈着鲜明的浅红的虾色，在天气阴湿的时候，便呈着更浓的蟹色。现在这条小路是呈着淡谈的虾色，上面铺着灰白带蓝的薄霜、康妮很喜欢这条铺着细沙的鲜玫瑰色的路径。天下事有时是有弊亦有利的。 + +克利福小心地从他们的房屋所在的小山丘上，向着斜坡驶了下去。康妮在旁边用手扶着车子。树林在他们的面前展开着，最近处是擦树丛林，稍远处便是带紫色的浓密的橡树林。树林的边缘，一些兔子在那儿跳跃着或咀嚼着，一群小乌鸦突然地飞了起来，在那小小的天空里翱翔而过。 + +康妮把树林的门开了，克利福慢慢地驶了过去，到了一条宽大的马路。这马路向着一个斜坡上去，两旁是修剪得很整齐的擦林。这树林是从前罗宾汉打猎的大森林的残余，而这条马路是从前横经这个乡野的很古很古的大道。但是现在，这只是一条私人树林里的马路了。从曼斯非尔德来的的路，至此往北折转。 + +树林里，一切都静息着。地上千叶子的背面藏着一层范霜。一只鸟粗哑地叫着，许多小鸟震着翼。但是这儿已没有供人狞猎的野兽，也没有雄鸡。因为在大战时都给人杀光了。树林也荒着没人看管，一直到现在，克利福才再雇了一个守猎的人。 + +克利福深爱这个树林，他深爱那些老橡树。他觉得它们经过了许多世代都是属于他的，他要保护它们，他要使这个地方不为人所侵犯，紧紧地关闭着，使之与世界隔绝。 + +小车子馒慢地驶上斜坡，在冰陈了的泥块上颠簸着前进，忽然左边现出一块空地，是儿只有一丛枯稿了的蕨草，四下杂布着一些斜倾的细长的小树，几根锯断了的大树桩，毫无生气地露着顶和根；还有几处乌黑的地方，那是樵夫们焚烧树枝乱草和废物过后的痕迹。 + +这是大战中佐费来男爵伐木以供战壕之用的一个地方，在马路的右边渐次隆起的圆丘，一片光溜溜，怪荒芜的。圆丘的顶上，从前有的话多橡树，现在一株也没有了。在那儿，你从树梢上望去，可以看见煤矿场的铁道和史曲门的新工厂。康妮站在那儿远眺着。这几是与世界隔绝的树林中的一个开口。从这开口咱使可与世相通。但是她并不告诉克利福。 + +这块光地，常常便克利福觉得非常地忿怒。他曾参与大战，他知道战争是怎么一回事，但是大战并没有使他忿怒，直至他看见了这光溜溜的小山之后，才真正地忿怒起来。他现在正叫人重新植些树木。不过这小山使他看了便怨恨他的父亲。 + +小车儿徐徐地向上前进，克利福坐在车里，呆板地向前望着。当他们到了最高处时，他把车停住，他不肯向那不平的斜坡冒险下去了。他望着那条马路向下降落里在蕨草和橡树中间形成的一个开口。这马路在小山脚下拐弯而淹没，但是它的迂回是这样的美好而自然，令人联想起往日的骑士们和乘马的贵妇们在这儿行乐的情形。 + +“我认为这儿是真正的英格兰的心。”在二月谈淡的阳光下坐着的克利福对康妮这样说。 + +“是吗？”康妮说着，却听见了史德门煤矿场发来的十一点钟的气笛声。克利福是太习惯于这声音了，他一点也没有注意。 + +“我要使这个树林完整……无疆。谁也不许侵犯它。”克利福说。 + +克利福这话里，带着某种愤慨悲伤的情绪。这树林还保存着一点荒野的老英格兰时代的什么神秘东西，但是大战时候佐佛来罗爵的伐木却把它损伤了。那些树木是多么静穆，无数弯曲的树枝向天空上伸，灰色的树干，倔强地从棕争的蕨草丛中直立！鸟雀在这些树木间飞翻着，多么安稳！从前，这儿有过鹿，有过弓手，也有过骑驴得得地经过的道士。这地方还没有忘记，还追忆着呢。 + +巨利福静坐着，灰白和阳光照着他的光滑的近全栗色的头发，照着他的圆满红润的、不可思仪的脸孔。 + +“当我来到这儿时，我比平时尤其觉得无后的缺感。”他说。 + +“但是这树林比你的家族还要老呢。”康妮温和地说。 + +“的确！”克利福说。“但这是我们把它保存的。没有我们，它定已消灭了，象其余的森林似的早巳消灭了，我们定要保存点老英格兰的东西。” + +“一定要么？”康妮说，“甚至这老英格兰不能自几存在，甚至这老英格兰是反对新英格兰的东西，连英格兰本身都要没有了。”克利福说。“我们已有着这块土，而且我们爱它，那么锭要保存它。” + +两人忧郁地静默了一会。 + +“是人，在一个短时间内。”康妮说。 + +“在一个短时间内！这是我他仅能做到的，我们只能尽我们的职份。我觉得自从我们有这块地以来，我们家族中每个男子都曾在这儿尽过他的职份，一个人可以超越习俗之处，但是传统馈例是定要维持的。” + +他们又静默了一会。 + +“什么传统惯例？”康妮问。 + +“英格兰的传统惯例！就是这个！ + +“啊！”她徐徐地说。 + +“这是不得不有个儿子的原因，一个人不过是一条链索中的一环啊。”他说。 + +康妮并不喜欢这链索的话，但是她并不说什么，她觉得他那种求于的欲望是怪异地不尽人情的。 + +“可惜我们不能有个儿子。”他说。 + +他的淡蓝色的眼睛凝视着她。 + +“要是你能和另一个男人生个儿子，那也许是件好事。”他说，“要是我们把这孩子在勒格贝养大，他便要成为我们和的这块地方的。我不太相信什么父道，要是我们养他，他便是我们的，而继承我们。你不觉得这是件值得考虑的事么？” + +．康妮终于指起眼睛向他望着。孩子，她的孩子，于他渤是个物件似的，是个物件似的！ + +“但是另一个什么男人呢？”她问道。 + +“那有什么大关系？难道这种事情和我们有什么很大的影响么？……你在德国时不是有过情人么？……现在怎么了？不是差不多什么都没有了么？我觉得在生命里，我们所做的那些小动作，和我们与他人发生的那些小关系，并不怎么重要。那—切都要消逝。而且谁知道那一切都消逝到哪儿去了呢，哪儿是旧年的自雪……在一个人生命中能持久的东西，这才是重要的东西。我自己的生命，在她的长久的持续与发展里，于我是重要的，但是与人发生的偶尔关系，特别是那偶尔的性的关系，有什么重要呢？这种种关系，如果人不把它们可笑的张大起来，事情便象鸟交尾似地过去。事情本来应该这样，那有什么重要呢？重要的是终身的结合，重要的是一天一天的共同生活并不是那一两次的苟合。你和我，无论发生怎样的事情，我们终是夫妻。我们彼此习惯着在一块。我觉得习惯是比任何偶尔的兴奋都重要的。我们所凭以生活的，是那长久的、缓慢的、持续的东西，并不是什么偶然的瞬息的快感。两个人住在一块，一步一步地达到一致。他们的感觉密切地交贯着。结婚的真谛便是这个，并不是性行为，尤其不是那简单的性作用。你和我由结婚而互相联系着。命运已经不幸地把我们的肉体关系斩断了，我们只要能够维持着结婚的基本东西，这性的问题我想中可以容易解结的——不见得比找牙种医生治牙更难解决的。” + +康妮坐在那儿，在士种惊愕和恐怖的情绪中听着，她不知道他说得究竟有理还是无理。她爱蔑克里斯，至少她自己这样想。但是她的爱不过是她和克利福的结婚生活中的一种开心的小旅行罢了。她和克利福的结婚生活，那便是由多年的苦痛和忍耐所造成的又长又慢的亲密的习惯。也许人类的灵魂是需要些开心的小旅行的，而且不可去拒绝这个需要的。但是所谓旅行，那是终得归家来的。 + +“无论什么男人使我生的孩子你都不介意么”她问道。 + +“用得着么，康妮？我相信你的选择的本能是高尚的。你决不会让一人坏男人接触你的。” + +她想起了蔑克里斯！他是克利福所认为坏男人的那种人。 + +“但是，男人和女人对于坏男人的看法也许是不同的。”她说。 + +“不见得。”他答道，“你是看重我的。我不相信你要找个我所绝不喜欢的男人，你一定不会那样做的。 + +她静默着，逻辑谬误到绝点时，是不容人答辨的。 + +“我要是有了个男人，你要我告诉你么？”她偷偷地向他望了一望。 + +“一点也不要。我还是不知道的好……不过，偶尔的性行为，和长久的共同生活比起来，科不算什么，这一点你和我意见一致，不是不？你相信长久的共同生滔比性欲的事里董要吧？我们已到了不得不如此的地步，那么以性欲上只好请便罢，是不是？总之，那些一瞬的兴奋有什么重要关系呢？难道生命的整个问题，不是在累车积月地、慢慢地、创造一个完备的人格么？不是生活于一种完备的生活中么？一种不完备的生活是没有意义的。如果缺少性的满足使你不完备，那么找一个对手去。如果没有儿子使你不完备，那么，只要你能够，生个孩子罢，不过，做这种事要以获得一个完备的生活为目的。要以获得一个长久而和谐的完备生活为目的。这，你和我是可以共同去做的……你说是不是……我们是能够，如果我们能使自己适应于需要，而同时把这种适应和我们持久的共同生活打成一片。你的意见是不是这样？” + +康妮觉得有点给这些话语压倒了。她知道他在理论上是对的。但是在事实上，当她考虑到和他过着那种持续的生活时……她不禁犹豫了。难道真是她的命中注定了，要把她今后的一生都断送给这个人么？就这样完全绍了么？ + +只这样就完结了么？她只好知足地去和他组成一种持续的共同生活，组成一块布似的，也许偶尔地，在这布上绣上一朵浪漫的花。但是她怎能知道明年她又要如何感觉呢？谁能知道？谁能说一个年年有效的“是”宇？这个小小的“是”，是一出气便溜出来的！一个人为什么定要对这轻如蝴蝶的一个安负长久的责任呢？这个小宇儿，当然要象蝴蝶似地飘飘飞逝，好让其他的“是”和“不”替上的！ + +“我相信你是对的，克利福。就我所能判断的说，我和你意见相同，不过生活也许要完全改变面目的。” + +“但是生活没有完全改变面目以前，你是同意罢？” + +“呵，是的！我相信我的确同意。” + +她看见了头棕色的猎犬，从路穷的小径里跑了出来，向他们望着，举着嘴，轻轻吠着，一个带着枪的人，轨快地跟着猩犬，向他们走来．仿佛要向他们攻击的样子。但是他突然站住了，向他们行了一个礼，然后回转头向山下走去，这不过是个新来的守猎人，但是他却把康妮吓了一跳，他出现得这样的突然，象是一种骤然的威吓，从虚无中跑出来。 + +这人穿着深绿色的线绒衣，带着脚绊……老式的样子，红润的脸孔，红的髭须，和冷淡的眼睛。他正迅速地向山下走土 + +“梅乐士！”克利福喊道。 + +那人轻快地回转了身，迅速地用一种姿势，行了个兵士的礼。 + +“你可以把我的车子转过来，再把它推动吗？这样比较好走一些。”克利福说。 + +那人马上把枪挂在肩上，用那种同样的奇异的姿态定了上来，又敏捷又从容好象他要使自己不能人看见似的。他是中等的身材，有点消瘦，很缄默，他一点也不看康妮，只望着那车子。 + +“康妮，这是新来的守猎人，叫梅乐士。你还没有和太太说过话罢，梅乐士？” + +没有，先生。”这回答又快又冷淡。 + +这人脱下了他的帽子，露着他的浓密的近金栗色的头发。他用那种充分的，无惧的、平淡的视线，向康妮的眼里直望着，好象他要看看她是怎样一个人似的，他使她觉得羞怯。她羞怯地低下了头。他把帽子放在左手里，微微地向她鞠了一个躬，象个绅士似的。但是他一句话也不说，他手里拿着帽子，站在那儿静默了一会。 + +“你在这儿有些日子了吧，是不是？”康妮问他道。 + +“八个月了，太太……男爵夫人！”他镇静地改正了称呼说。 + +“你喜欢在这儿吗？” + +她地望着他的眼睛，他带着讥讽的，也许是鲁莽的神气，把眼睛闭了一半。 + +“啊，是的，谢谢你，夫人！我是在这儿生长的……”他又轻轻地鞠了一个躬，然后回转身去，把帽子带上，走过去握着车子，他的声调，说到最后几个字时，带着沉重的拖连的音……也许这也是由于侮慢罢，因为他开头说话时，并不带一点儿土音的。他差不多可说是个绅士呢，无论如何，他是一个奇异的、灵敏的、孤独的人，虽然孤独，但他却有自信心。 + +克利福把机器开动了，那人小心地把车子移转过来；使它面向着那渐次地向着幽间的榛林下去的山直线。 + +“还有什么事么，克利福男爵？”他问道。 + +“是人，你还是跟我们去好，万一车子地走不动了的话，这机器上山用实在是不够力的。” + +那人的眼睛，接心地探望着他的猎犬望着他，微微地摇着尾巴，一种轻轻的微笑，嘲讽的或戏弄的但是和蔼的微笑，显现在那人的眼里，一会儿便消失了，他的脸上也毫无了表情了。他们下着山坡，车子走得有点快，那人扶着车背，使它安稳地前进，他的神气，与其说是仆役，不如说是个自由的兵士。他有点什么地方使康妮想起了唐米·督克斯。 + +当他们赤到擦树丛林时，康妮突然跑到前头去把窗门打开了。康妮扶着那扇开着的门，两个男人经过时都向她望着，克利福带着非难的神气，另一个是带着一种冷静的惊异的样子，想看看她究竟是怎样一个人，她看见他的蓝色的平淡的眼睛里，带着一种苦痛的超脱的神情，但是这眼睛里有着一种什么热力，但是他为什么这样的孤高，这样的远隔呢？ + +当他们通过园门后，克利福把车子停住了，那个人赶忙跑了回去，谦恭地把园门关好。 + +“你为什么那样忙着开门呢？这事梅乐士会做的。”克利福问道，他的镇静泰然的声音，表示着他是不高兴的。 + +“我想这样你可以一直开进去，不必停着等。”康妮说。 + +“那么让你在质面跑着赶上来么？”克利福问道。 + +呵！我人时倒喜欢跑一跑呢？” + +梅乐十回来重新扶着车子，好象什么都没有听见的样子，可民康妮却觉得他留意着一切，当他在林园里推着车子上那有点峻峭的山丘财，他嘴唇张着，呼吸有点急了起来。他并不怎样强壮呵”虽然他是奇异地充满着生气，但是他是有点脆弱和干涸的。她的妇人的本能感知这个。 + +康妮蹬在后边，让车子继续前行，天色变成了灰暗了，雾环绕着的那块小青天合拢了，好象盖上了盖子似的。这时天气严冷起来，雪就要下了，一切都是灰色，全是灰色！世界好象是衰疲了。 + +车子在那浅红色的路尽头等着，克利福转头来看康妮来了没有。 + +“不累吗？”他问道。 + +“啊，不！”她说。 + +但是她实在是累了。一种奇异的疲乏的感觉，一种渴慕着什么，不满着什么的感觉，充满着她。克利福并没有注意到：这种事情不是他所能知觉的。但是那个生疏的人却觉晓着，闪妮觉得在她的环境和她的生命里，一切都衰败了，她觉得她的不满的心情，比那些小山还要古老。 + +他们到了屋前，车子绕到后门去，那儿是没有阶沿的。好容易克利福她从那小车里把自己投到家里用的轮椅里。他的两臂是又敏捷又有力的。然后康妮把他那沉重的两条死了的‘腿搬了了过去。 + +那守猎人，一边等待着主人的辞退，一边端详地、无遗地注视着这一切，当他看见康妮把克利福的两条死腿抱起来放到轮椅里去时，他恐怖得脸色苍白起来。他觉得惊骇了。 + +“梅乐士，谢谢你的帮忙。”克利福漠然地说，说着把椅子向走郎里滚去。 + +“没有别的事情了么，先生？”那平淡、旬在做梦的声音说道。 + +“没有了，早安！” + +“早安。先生。” + +“早安！谢谢你把车子上山来……我想你不觉得太重吧？”康妮望着门外的那个守猎的人说道。 + +他的眼睛立刻和他的相遇了，好象梦中醒转的样子。他的心里已有了她了。’ + +“呵，不，中重j他迅速地说。然后人的声音又带了那沉重的土腔：“夫人，早安！” + +午餐的时候，康妮问道：“你的守猎人是谁？” + +“梅乐十！你已经见过他了。”克利福说。 + +“是的，但是他是从哪儿来的？” + +“从虚无中来的。这是达娃斯哈人……一个煤矿工厂的儿子，我相信。” + +“他自己也曾做过矿工吗？” + +做过矿场的铁匠，—我相信，做过铁匠的工头。在大战前……在他没有去投这国以前，他曾在这儿当过两年守猎人。我的父亲很看得超他；所以当他回来要在矿场里再当铁匠的时候，我叫他地这儿再当守猎人，我实在很喜欢得到他……在边儿要找个好的守猎人，差不多是件不可能的事……那非要一个熟识附近居民的人不行的。” + +“他结了婚没有？” + +“他曾结过婚。不过他的女人跟了几个不同的男子……最后是跟了一个史德门的矿工走了。我相信她现在还在史德门罢。” + +“那么他现在是孤身一个人了？” + +“多少是！他有个母亲任在村里……他还有一个孩子，我相信。” + +克利福用他那无光彩的稍为突出的蓝眼睛望着她，这眼睛里显现着某种暗昧的东西。在外表上看来，他好象是精明活泼的，但是在背面，他便同米德兰一带的气氛似的，烟雾沉沉。这烟雾好象蔓延起来，所以当他用那奇特的样子注视着康妮，一边简明地回答着她的问话时，她觉得克利福的心灵的背后，给烟雾和虚无充满了。这使她害怕起来，这种神气使他似乎失去了人性，而差不多成为一个白痴了。 + +模糊地，她感悟了人类灵魂的一条伟大的法则，那便是当一个人受了刨伤的打南昌，而肉体没有被击死的时候，灵魂便好象和肉体一样痊愈起来，但这只是外表罢了，实在那不过是习惯恢复过来的一种机械作用。慢慢地，馒慢地，灵魂的创伤开始显露，好象一个伤痕，起极是轻微的，但是慢慢地它的痛楚加重起来，直至把灵魂的全部充满了。正当我们相信自己是痊愈了，而且把它忘记了的时候，那可怖的反应才最难忍受是被人觉察出来。 + +克利福正外在这种情境中，当他觉得“痊愈”时，当他回到勒格贝时，他写着小说，相信着无论怎样他的生命是安全了，他好象把过去不幸的遭遇忘记了，而精神的均衡也恢‘复了。但是现在，一年一年地过去了，侵慢地，慢慢地，康妮觉得那可惊可怖的创伤回复起来，把他布满了。好些日子以来，那创伤是深伏着，好象没有那回事似地不被人觉察，现在，这创伤徐徐地在惊悸的、几乎是疯痪的开展中使人觉着了。精神上，他仍然是安好的，但是那疯瘫——那太大的打击过后的创伤——渐渐地开展在他的感觉之中了。 + +虽然那创伤中在他身上开展，康妮却觉得开展到她身上来了。一种对于所有事物的内在的惊怖，空虎、冷淡，一步一步地开展在她的灵魂里了，当克利福好的时候，他还能兴致勃勃地谈论，或可以说是，他还能支配将来，譬如在树林里时，他还对她说着要有个孩子给勒格贝一个继承的人。但是第二天，这一切漂亮话只象是些枯死的树叶，绉缩着而成为碎粉，毫无意义，一阵风便给吹散了。这些话并不是有真生命的苍经的树上叶子，富有青春力量。它们只是一个无目的的生命的一阵落叶。 + +她不觉得一切都是无目的的。这娃斯哈的矿工又说着要罢工了，而康妮觉得那不是力量的表现，那不过是大战留下的一个创伤，隐伏了一些时日后，慢慢浮现出来，而产生了这种不安的大痛苦和不满现状的恐怖。那虚伪的不人道的大战所留下的创伤是太深了，太深了……那定要好些时日，才能使后代人的活血去把深藏在他们的灵魂和肉里面的无限的创伤的黑白块溶解。那定要有一个新的希望才行。 + +可怜的康妮！岁月悠悠地过去，她在她的生命的空虚之前战栗着。克利福和她自己的精神生活，渐渐地觉得变为空虚了。他们的结婚生活，克利福所常说的那种基于亲密习惯的完备生活，有些日子竟成为完全的空洞。纯粹的虚无了。那只是些漂亮的言词。全是些漂亮的言词。在这些虚伪的言词上面，唯一的真实但是空虚。 + +当然，那儿也有克利福的成功，那成功的财运，他差不多是著名了，他的书一年可以赚一千镑，他的像片随处都是；在一个画展里有一幅他的半身像，还有其它两处画展也有他的肖像在。他的作品似乎是最人时中最人时的东西。凭他的宣传的本能，那残废者的奇异的本能，在四五年之间，他已成为青年”知识界”中最出名的一个了。康妮就不太清楚究竟才智在哪里。的确，克利福幽默地对于人的分析，动机的考究，未了把一节弄成碎片，在这一点上，他的技巧是很出色的‘但是那的些象小狗儿的戏滤，把沙发上的垫枕撕了个破碎的样子，不同的便是克利福并不是那样天真，那样戏谑，而是奇异地老成持重，和固执地夸张自大罢了。“那是悼异的，空虚的。”这便是康妮的灵魂深处所反复地觉着的：“那一切都是空虚，一个空虚的、令人惊异的熔耀。”然而，那终是一个炫耀！一个炫耀！一个炫耀啊！ + +蔑克里斯把克利福拿来做他的一个剧本的中心人物；剧情已经拟好，第一幕也已经写完了。因为蔑克里斯对于空虚的弦耀。比克利福更高明。他们这些人的所有的热情只剩下这个熔耀的热情，在性欲上，他们是没有热情的，甚至是死的。现在，蔑克里斯所欲望的不是金钱了，克利福呢，他从来就没有把金钱看得最重要，但是他能够弄钱时还是不肯放松的。因为金钱是成功的象征。成功，这便是他们所欲望的。他们俩都想弄个美丽的核耀，凡一个人所能做到的自我的熔耀全做出来，以博得民众一时欢心。 + +奇怪哟，这种对于财运的买身。自从康妮跳出了这圈套以来，自从她惊愕得麻木了以来，这一切只是空虚。甚至这种对于财运的卖身，克利福快活得很，他又要在焙耀之中了，而这一次，却是他人把他来焙耀，而且是有利于自己的熔耀呢。他请蔑克里斯把写就了的第一幕带到地勒格贝来。 + +蔑克里斯来了：那是夏天，他穿着一套灰白的衣裳，戴着羔皮的手套。他带了些可爱的浅紫色的兰花给康妮。第一幕的读出是个大大的成功。甚至康妮也迷醉了……迷醉到骨髓里了。蔑克里斯呢，他也迷醉了——为了他自已有这样迷醉入的能力。在康妮的眼睛里，他这时真上卓越非凡，而且十分漂亮。她从他身上，看出了一种再不迷于幻景的人类的古老的滞息情态，一种极端的不纯洁，而这不纯洁到了极端，也许说是纯洁的。在他的至高无上的卖身于财运的远处看来，他似乎是纯洁的，纯洁得象非洲的象牙面具似的。那象牙面具上的阴处和阳处的不纯洁，都给梦幻变为纯洁了。 + +当他使查太莱夫妇神迷惊服的时候，这是蔑克里斯生命中最可贵的片刻，他已经成功了，他使他们惊报了，甚至克利福一时都钟情于他了……如果我们可以这样说的话。 + +第二天，蔑克显得比一向更不安：躁急着，自抑着，两只不安的手插在裤袋里，康妮在夜间没有去找他；而他又不知到哪间屋去找她。正值他在得意的时候，这种撩人的风情真好苦人呵！ + +他跑到楼上她的起坐室里去。她知道他要来的。她看出了他的不安。他问她对于那幕剧的意见……她是否觉得好！他需要受人赞美，那可以给他一种微妙的热情的颤战，这颤战比性欲极度满足时的颤战更甚。她对他的剧本是空虚无物的。 + +“喂！”他最后突然地说道：“你和我为什么不把事情干脆地做去呢？为什么我们不结婚呢？” + +．“但是我已经结婚了。”她惊愕地说，但是她并不感觉着什么。 + +“呵！那有什么关系！他可以和你离婚的。你问我为什么不结婚呢？我是想结婚的。我知道这对我是最好的事情……结婚而过个正常生活。我现在过的是一种非人的生活，这种生活简直把我的精神和肉体都撕碎了。喂，你看，你和我，我们真是天生一对……好象手和手套一样。我们为什么不结婚呢？你有什么理由不让我们结婚呢？” + +康妮望着他，惊愕着，但是并不感觉着什么。男从都是一个样儿：他们是不顾一切的。他们象火箭似地向天上冒，而希望你跟着他们的小竿儿同上天去。 + +“但是我已经结了婚的人了。”她说，“你知道我是不能丢弃克利福的。” + +“为什么不能？为什么不能？他叫道，“半年一过，他便不觉得你没有了，除了他自己的存在以外，别人的存在于他是无关紧要的。依我所知道，你于他是无用的，他只想着他自己。” + +康妮觉得这话很真切。但是她也觉得蔑克不过是个自私自利的人罢了。 + +“难道所有的男人不都是只想着他自己么？”她问道。 + +“是的，多少是的，我承认。一个人不得不如此达到他的目的。不过问题并不在这里。问题是一个男人所能给与女人的是什么：他能否使他快乐？要是他不能的疾，他对这女人使没有权利……”他停着，用他那几乎催眠的，褐色的圆眼睛望着她，“我，我认为我能够给一个女人她所要求的一切幸福。我可以保证这个。” + +“什么样的幸福呢？”康妮问着，总是以那种甸是热情，其实宛无感觉的惊愕神气望着他。 + +“各种各样的幸福和快乐，衣裳，珠宝，无论哪个夜总会，只要你愿意去，无论哪个人，只要你愿意认识；所有的时髦东西……旅行，和到处受人尊重；……总之，各种各样的幸福和快乐。” + +他佯洋得意地说着，康妮望着他，象是被迷惑着，而实际她却毫无感觉，所有这些金碧辉煌的允诺，连她的心的外表都感动。在其他的时候，她的自我的最外的部分，要是听了蔑克这番话，是要感到颤战的，现在甚至一点感应都没有了。她简直不觉得有任何感觉，她不能“动”。她只是端坐着，象是被迷惑着，实在毫无所感，她不过觉得什么地方有一种钱财的臭味。 + +蔑克如坐针毯似的，在椅子里身子向前倾图，用一种歇斯底里病者似的神气向她注视着，他究竟是由于虚荣心而期望着她说“是”呢，不是惊悸着她真的说了出来？谁能知道？ + +“我得想一想。”她说，“现在我不能回答你，你可以把克利福看着不算什么，但是他是紧要的。如果你想一想他是多么需要……” + +“老天爷啊，如果一个人细看起我们所需要的东西，我很可以说我是多么孤独无依，一向就是孤独无依而需要跳出这种情态哟。老天爷！如果一个人什么东西都没有，只有拿自己的无能去乞人怜爱……” + +他转过身去，两只手愤怒地在裤袋里乱动。那天晚上他对她说： + +“今夜你到我的房里来吧，是不是？我不知道你的睡房在哪里。” + +“好罢！”她说。 + +那晚上，他的奇异的、象孩子似的、脆弱的裸体，比一向更显得他是一个兴奋的人。在他还没有完毕以前，康妮觉得她简直不能得到终极的快感。他的裸体和他的孩子似的软嫩，引起了她的炽热的情欲。他完毕了以后，她在一种狂田的骚动中，摇摆起伏着她的腰部继续下去，而他呢，用着毅力和物牺牲的精神，英武地挺直着在她的里面，直等到她带着奇异的细微的呼喊而得到了她的最高度的快感的时候。 + +最后，当他从她那儿抽退时，他用一种苦味的，几乎是嘲讽的细声说道： + +“你难道不能和男人一起完毕吗？难道你定要在你觉得喜欢的时刻，一个人自己干着完毕么？” + +这短短的几句话，在那种时候，是她有生以来少有过的打击。原来他献身与人的那种被动的态度，很显然地便有他交媾的唯一的真样子。 + +“你这话是什么意思？”她说。 + +“你知道是什么意思。我完毕了以后你还是继续着。尽是继续着……我不得不倒悬在那儿，咬紧着牙关，直等到你用你自己的力量干完了才休！” + +正当她给一种不能以言语形容的快乐燃烧着，正当她滋生着一种对他的爱情的这个时候，这种意外的粗野的话把她惊呆了。毕竟他是象许多现代的男人们一样，差不多一开始就要完毕，因此使妇人不得不以自力活动着。 + +“但是，你愿意我继续下去而得到我自己的满足么？”她说。 + +他阴沉地笑着，说：“我愿意！你真好！你以为我愿意悬在那儿，咬紧着牙关，等你向我冲撞！” + +“但是你不愿意么？”她坚持着说。 + +他回避着这个问题。“所有的女人都是一样，”他说，要不是她一点儿也不享受，象是死了的样子，便是等男子完了，才来开始使自己享受，男人只好悬在那里等。我还不没有碰到一个和我一起享受完毕的女人。” + +这种新奇的关于男性的知识，康妮只听着一半。她被他那种反对她的感情和他那种不可思议的粗野惊呆了。她觉得真是无辜。 + +“但是你愿意我也得到我的快感吧，是不是？”她重复地说。 + +“啊，算了！我很愿意的。但是一动不动地悬在那儿，等着女人享受，那决不是好玩的事哟。……” + +这话是康妮有生以来所受到的最残酷的打击。她心里的什么东西被毁灭了。她并不怎样要蔑克；在她没有开头以前，她并不想要他。她好象从来没有真正地想要他。但是，他既然开头了，她觉得那是很自然的要使自己也从他那儿得到快感。为了这个，她几乎爱他了……那晚上，她差不多爱他了，而且想和他结婚了。 + +也许他本能地知道这个，所以他才那样的粗野，而把一切、一切的海市蜃楼全都破坏了。所有她对他的性感，以至对任何男子的性感，在那晚上都崩毁了。她的生命和他的生命完全地分开了，好象他这个人是从来没有存在过似的。 + +她继续度着她毫无生气的日子。现在什么也没有了。只有那克利福所谓的完备生活的空壳子，那种两个人彼此习惯着在一个屋顶下面的长日漫漫的共同生涯。 + +空虚！接受这生命的庞大空虚好象便是生活的唯一目的了。所有那些忙碌的和重要的琐事，组成了空虚的全体！ + + + + + +第六章 + + +“为什么我们现在，男人和女人都不真正相爱子？”康妮问着唐米·督克斯他多少象是她的问道之神。 + +“啊，谁说他们不相爱！我相信自人类被创造以来，男女的相爱没有更甚于我们今日了，他们是真情相爱的，拿我们自己来说……我实在觉得女人比男人更可爱。她们的勇气比男人大，我们可以开诚布公地对待她们。” + +康妮沉思着 + +“呵，是的，但是你从来就还没有和她们有过什么关系哟！” + +“我？那么我此刻正在做什么？我不是正和一位女人诚恳地谈着话吗？” + +“是的，谈着话……” + +“假如你是一个男子，你想，除了和你诚恳地谈话以外，我还能和你怎样？” + +“也许不能怎样，但是一个女人……” + +“一个女人要你去喜欢她，和她谈话，而同时又要你去爱她，追求她。我觉得这两件事是不能同时并行的。” + +“但是这两件事应该可以并行才是！” + +“无疑地，水不应该这样湿才是呵，水未免太湿了。但是水就是这样湿的！我喜欢女人，和她们谈话，所以我就不爱她们，不追求她们。在我，这两件事是不能同时发生的。” + +“我觉得这两件事是应该可以同时发生的。” + +“好吧。但是事情才就是这样，若定要事情成为别样，这我可没有法子。” + +康妮默想着。“这不见得是真的，”她说，“男人是可以爱女人，并且和她们谈话的。我不明白男人怎么能够爱她们而不和她们谈话，不和她们亲热。他们怎么能够？” + +“晤，这个我可不知道。”他说，“为什么要一概而论呢？我只知道我自己是这样。我喜欢女人，但是我不追求她们，我喜欢和她们谈话，但是谈话虽然使我在某一种说法上和她们发生亲密，但是一点也不使我想和他们接吻。你看我就是这样！但是不要拿我当作一个一般的例子，也许我正是一个特殊的例子。我是一个喜欢女人但是不爱女人的男人之一，如果她们要迫我装模作样地讲爱情，或做出如胶似漆的样子，我还要恨她们呢。” + +“但是那不使你觉得悲哀吗？” + +“为什么要悲哀？一点也不！当我看见查里·梅和其他许多与女人有关系的男人时……不，我一点也不羡慕他们！如果命运送给我一个我能爱而追求的女人，那好极了。但是我从来就没有碰到过这样的女人……我想我是冷淡的；但是有些女人却是我非常喜欢的。” + +“你喜欢我吗？” + +“很喜欢。而你可以看出，在我们之间是没有接吻的问题的，可不是吗？” + +“不错，”康妮说。“但是也许我们之间应该要有这问题吧？” + +“为什么，请问？我喜欢克利福，但是假如我走去抱吻他，你要作何感想？” + +“但是其间没有不同的地方么？” + +“不同的地方在哪里，拿我们来说吧？我们都是没有智慧的人类，男女的关系是放在度外的，放在度外的，如果我突然在此刻玩起那大陆上的男性的把戏，向你显示着性欲，你要觉得怎样？” + +“那我一定要觉得可恨。” + +你瞧！我告诉你如果我真是个有男性的人，我是永远不会遇着一个和我相投的女人的，可是我并不芥蒂于心。我喜欢女人，那就完了。谁还去迫我爱她们。或假装爱她们，而玩那性的把戏吗？” + +“我决不这样迫你，但是这其中恐怕有些谬误的地方吧？” + +“你也许这样觉得，我却不。” + +“是的，我觉得男女之间有什么不对劲的东西。女人对男人再也没有魔力了。” + +“而男人对女人呢，有没有？” + +她考虑了问题的那一面。 + +“不甚有。”她诚实地说。 + +“那么好，我们不要再说这个了。只要我们做好人，互相坦直而合礼便得了，至于那不自然的讲爱情，我是绝对地拒绝的！” + +康妮知道他确是对的。但是他的一番话，使她觉得这样的无主宰，这样的迷悯，她觉得自己好象一枝草梗似地迷失在一个荒凉的池泽上，她的和一切事物的要点在哪里？ + +那是她的青春反叛了。这些男子仿佛是这样的老，这样的冷淡。一切都仿佛是而老冷淡。蔑克里斯是这样令人失望，他是毫无用处的。男子们不要你，他们实在不需要一个女人，甚至蔑克里斯也不需要。 + +而那些坏蛋们，假装着他们需要女人，而发动那性的把戏，这种人比一切更坏。多么悲惨呵！可是一个人不得不忍痛迁就。 + +那是非常真实的：男从对于女人已没有真正的魔力了，假如你能瞒着你自己去幻想蚌他们还有魔力，正如康妮瞒着她自己去幻想着蔑克里斯还有魔力一体，那是最好的一件事。同时你只是敷衍着生活下去，那是毫无什么的。她很明白人们为什么要有醇酒宴会、爵士音乐和却尔斯登舞……这些宴安毒的东西。原来你得让青春沉醉。否则青春要把你吞掉。但是，多么可憎呵，这青春！你觉得象麦修彻拉一样老，而这青春却沸腾着，使你坐寐不安。多么卑贱的一种生活！而毫无希望！她几乎真想跟蔑克去，而把她的生活变成一个不尽的醉酒宴会，一个爵士音乐的长夜。无论如何那总比打着哈欠等死为上呢。 + +一个她觉得不愉快的早晨，她一个人到树林里去散步，沉郁地走着，不留心着什么，甚至不知道她自己在何处，不远处的一声枪响吓了她一跳，而激起她的怒气。 + +她向前走着，她听见了些声音，退缩了。有人在这儿呢！她是不愿意遇着什么人的。但是她的灵敏的耳朵呼着了另一种声响，她惊悸着，原来是一个孩子的哭声。她再听着，听见什么人在骂孩子。她迅速地向那湿路上下去，阴郁的感情的怒气充满着她。她觉得自己已准备了了要去向谁发脾气了。 + +转过一个弯，她看见两个人在她面前的路上，守猎人和一个穿着紫色外磋商，带着鼹鼠皮帽的女孩，女孩正在哭泣。 + +“喂，不要哭了，你这小鬼子。”那人怒叫道。 + +孩子哭得更厉害了。康妮走上前去，眼睛发着光，那人回转身来望着她，冷淡地行了一个礼，他的脸正气得发白。 + +“什么事？她哭什么？”康妮问道，很坚决的，但是有点喘不过气来。 + +一个轻轻的微笑，好象嘲弄人似的，显现在那人的脸上。“那，你得问她去。”他用他的沉浊的土音冷淡地答道。 + +康妮觉得好象被他在脸上打了一下似的，气得脸色都变了，她抖擞着精神，望着他，她那深蓝色的眼睛茫然地发着亮。 + +“我是问你。”她喘着气说。 + +他举着帽子向她行了个奇特的鞠躬。——“对的，男爵夫人，”他说。然后他又带着土音说“但是我不能告诉你。”他变成了一个士兵似的，令人不可捉摸的态度，脸孔烦恼得发青。 + +康妮转过身到孩子那里去。这是一个九岁或十岁的女孩，红赤的脸，黑头发。——“什么事呀，亲爱的？告诉我你哭什么？”康妮在这种情境中路着那人之常情的温情说道。孩子故意的呜咽得更厉害了。康妮更温柔地对待她。 + +“好了，好了，不要再哭了！告诉我别人殷你怎么欺负了！”……声音中带着无限地温慰。同时她在绒编织的短衣袋里摸着，恰好找到了一个六辨士。 + +“不要哭了！”她向孩子弯着身说，“你看看我给你什么东西！” + +呜咽着，吸着鼻涕，掩着哭肿了的脸的一只拳头移开了，一只灵动的黑色的眼睛向六辨士瞥了一瞥。她还中鸣咽着，但是轻了许多——“好，好，告诉我什么事，告诉我！”康妮说着把钱放在孩子的肥厚的小手里，这只小手把钱接着。 + +“那是……那是……为了猫猫！。” + +呜咽减低了，抽噎着。 + +“什么猫猫，亲爱的？” + +等了一会，那握着六辨十的羞缩的小手伸了出来，指着一丛荆棘。 + +“在那儿！” + +康妮望着那儿。不错，她看见了一只大黑猫，身上染着血。狞恶地躺在那儿。 + +“啊！”她憎恶地叫道。 + +“这是一只野猫，夫人。”那人嘲讽地说。 + +他向康妮眼里望着，猛捷地，傲慢地，一点也不隐藏着他的感觉：康妮的脸色变红了，她觉得她刚才发了他的脾气，这个人并不尊敬她了。 + +“你叫什么名字？”她和气地向孩子问道，“你肯告诉我你的名字吗？” + +孩子吸着鼻涕；然后用一种矫揉造作的尖声道：“康妮·梅乐士！” + +“康妮·梅乐士！呵，这是个美丽的名字呢！你是和爸爸一同出来的吗？他向那猫猫开枪是吗？但那是一只坏猫猫吗？” + +孩子用她那勇敢的黑眼睛望着她，探究着她，打量着康妮这个人和她的怜爱的态度。 + +“我本来要跟奶奶留在家里的”女孩说。 + +“是吗？但是你的奶奶在那儿？” + +孩子举起手臂，向马路下边指着：“在村舍里。” + +“在村舍里？你要回到她那里去么？” + +想起了刚才的哭泣，突然发抖地抽噎起来。——“是的，我要去！” + +“那么来吧，我带你去好么？”把你带到你奶奶那里去好么？这样你爸爸便可以做仙所要做的事情了。”——她转过脸去向那人说道：“这是你的女孩，是不是？” + +他行了一个礼。轻轻地点了点头。 + +“我想我可以带她到村舍里去吧？”康妮问道。 + +“如果夫人愿意的话。” + +他重新向她的眼睛望望着，用他那种冷静的、探究的、不在乎的眼光望着她。这是一个很孤独的人。只管着他自己的事的人。 + +“你喜欢同我到村舍里，到你奶奶那里去么，亲爱的？” + +那孩子又通告着那尖锐的声音，娇媚地说：“是的！” + +康妮并不喜欢她，这，个娇养坏了的阴险的小女性，但是她却替她揩了脸，拉着她的手，守猎人行了个礼，不说什么。 + +“早安！”康妮说。 + +到村舍里差不多有一英里路。还没有到那守猎的人富有风趣的村舍以前，康妨已经觉得太讨厌那女孩了。那孩子是猴子创造的狡猾，而且是这样的泰然。 + +村舍的门开着，听得着里面的声响。康妮犹豫着，孩子撤开了手，向屋里跑去。 + +“奶奶！奶奶！” + +“怎么，你已经回来了！” + +祖母刚把火炉用黑铅油过，那天是星期六的早晨。她穿着粗布的围裙，手里拿着一个黑刷子，鼻子上染着黑灰，走到门边来。她是有点干枯了的小妇人。 + +“啊，怎么！她叫道，当她看见了康妮在门口站着，急忙地用手臂擦着脸； + +“早安！”康妮说，“她哭了，所以我把她带回来的。” + +祖母向孩子迅速地瞥了一瞥。 + +“但是，你爹爹在哪儿？” + +女孩牵着她祖母的裙，痴笑着。 + +“他在那边，”康妮说，他把一只野猫打死了，把小孩吓慌了。” + +“呵，那不应该这样麻烦你的，查太莱夫人；你太好了，但是真不应该这样的麻烦夫人呀！” + +“没有什么麻烦，这还可使我散散步呢。”康妮微笑着说。 + +“你太好了！你真太好了！呵，她哭了么？我早知道他们俩走不了多远就要生事的。这女孩子怕他，她就是怕他。他好象是她的陌生人似的。完全陌生人，这父女俩。我看他们是不容易会得来的，她爸爸是个古怪的人。 + +康妨不知道说什么好。 + +“你瞧，奶奶！”孩子作媚态说。 + +那老妇女望着孩子手中的六辨士。 + +“还有六辨十！呵，夫人啊，你真不应该，真不应该。你瞧，查太莱夫人对你多好！你今卑真是运气哟！” + +她把“查太莱”这个字象一般平民似的读成“查莱”。——“你瞧，查太莱夫人对你好不好！”——康妮不由得望了望那老妇人的黑鼻子，老妇女重新用着腕背擦着脸，但是没有擦着那黑灰。 + +康妮正要离开她们……“啊，多谢得很，查莱夫人！一一说谢谢查莱夫人？——最后这句话是向小孩说的。 + +“谢谢你。”孩子尖声地说。 + +“好孩子！”康妮笑着说。她说着“早安”走了。走远了以后，心里觉得很高兴已经离开她们了。她觉得有些奇怪，那清瘦而骄傲的人的母亲，但是这个干枯的小妇人。 + +当康妮走了以后，那老妇人连忙跑到厨房后间里，向一块小镜子照着。她看见了自己的脸孔，忍不住顿起脚来。“自然啦，穿着这围售裙，肮脏着这个脸鼻，便给她碰着了！她定要说我是多漂亮了！” + +康妮慢慢地走回家去。“家！……用这个温暖的字眼去称这所愁闷的大房子。但是这是一个过了时的宇了，没有什么意义了。康妮觉得所有伟大的字眼，对于她的同代人，好象都失掉了意义了：爱情、欢乐、幸福、父、母、丈夫，报有为纛有权利威的伟大字眼央今日都是半死了而且一天一天地死下去了。家不过是一个生活的地方，爱情是一个不能再愚弄人的东西，欢乐是个“却尔斯登”舞酣时用的词幸福是一个人用来欺骗他人的虚伪的语调。父亲是一个享受他自己的生涯的人，丈夫是一个你和他同任而要忍心静气和他住下去的人。至于”性爱”呢，这最后而最伟大的字眼，只是一个轻挑的名称， + +用来指那肉体的片刻销魂——销魂后使你更感破碎——的名称，破碎！好象你是一块廉价的粗布做成的。这块布渐渐地破碎到无物了。 + +剩下的唯一的东西，便是倔强的忍耐。而倔强的忍耐中，却有某种乐趣。在生命之空虚的经验本身中，一段一段地，一程一程地，有着某种可惊的满足，不过就是这样！这常常是最后一句话；家庭、爱情、结婚，蔑克里斯，不过就是这样！一个人到瞑目长眠的时候，向生命分别时的最后一句话也是：不过就是这样！ + +至于金钱呢？也许我们使不能这样说。人总是需要金钱的。金钱，成功，这“财神”——这名字是唐米·督克斯依照亨利·詹姆士的说话，常常拿来象征成功的——那是永久需要的东西。你不能把你最后的一枚铜子花光了，结尾说：不过就是这样！不，甚至你还有十分钟生命，你还是需要几个铜子。若要使生命的机械运转不停，你便需要金钱，你得有钱。钱你得有。其他的什么东西你实在不需要。不过就是这样！ + +当然，你在世上生活着，这并不是你的过错，你既生活着，你便需要金钱，这是唯一的绝对的需要品，其余一切都可以不要，你看，不过就是这样！ + +她想着蔑克里斯，杨着她要是跟他时所能有的金钱，甚至这个，她还是不想要他，她宁愿帮助克利福用著作去内部矛盾来的小钱。因为这个钱实在是她帮助他赚来的。下—“克利福和我，我们用著作一年赚一千二百金镑。”她对自己这样说。赚钱！赚钱！从无中赚得！从稀薄的空气中赚得！这是一个人可以自夸的唯一的秣！此外一切都管它的！ + +这样。她缓缓地回到克利福那里去，重新和他合力一，从虚无中找出篇把小说：所谓小说，那便是金钱。克利袜好象很关心着他的小说是否被人认为第一流的文学，但是她，她却满不在乎。虽然她的父亲常说：“克利福的作品里空洞无物。”但是她的简单坚决的回答是：“去年赚了一千二百英解放军！” + +要是你年轻，你只要咬紧着牙；忍耐着，等到金钱从无中开始拥来，这是力量的问题，这是志愿的问题，一种微妙的、有力量的南愿从你身体里进发出来，使你感觉得金钱之神秘的空虚：一张纸上的一个宇，它是一种魔术，无疑地它是一个胜利。财神！要是一个人不得不出卖自身的话，还是卖给财神去好！我们甚至正在献身与他的时候，还可以轻蔑着她以求自慰。 + +克利福当然还有许多孩子气的想头。他要人家视他为“真正好作家”，这是愚蠢的想头。真正好作家，是个能攫着许多读者的人。做一个“真正好作家”而没有读者，那有什么用？大部分的“真正好作家”都象赶不上搭公共汽车的人，究竟呢，你不过活一回要是你赶不上搭公共汽车，你便只好留在街头，和其他没有赶上车的失败者们在一起。 + +康妮计划着冬天来了时，要和克利福到伦敦去过一个冬。她和他都是好好地赶上了公共汽车的人。所以他们很可以骄傲地坐在上层焙耀一番。 + +最不幸的就是克利福日见趋于不着实，分心，而陷于空洞抑郁的病态中。这是他的灵魂的创伤外发了的缘故。可是这却使康妮觉得穷迫。啊，上帝呀！要是意识的运用不灵活了，这怎么好呢？由它罢，我们尽力做去好了，难道我们就这样让自己失尽了勇气么？ + +有时她悲痛地哭着，但是，她一边哭着，一边对自己说：“傻子把一些手绢哭湿了；好象哭了就有什么用处似的！” + +自从她和蔑克里斯发生关系以后，她已下了决心不再需要什么东西了。没有办法解决时，这似乎是最蠢的解决方法。除了她自己已得到的东西外，她不再需要什么东西了。她只愿把她已得到的东西好好地料理下去。克利福，小说，勒格贝，查泰莱男爵夫人的地位，金钱，名誉。她要把这一切好好地料理下去！爱情、性欲这一类的东西，只是糖水！吞了它而把它忘记就是。如果你心里不牵挂着它，它是没有什么的，尤其是性欲……更没有什么！决心忍耐着，问题便解决了，性欲和一杯醉酒，都是一样地不能持久的东西，它们的效力是一样，它们的意义也差不多。 + +但是一个孩子！一个婴儿j那却是令人兴奋的事情。她决不能冒昧从事。首先得要找到那个男子。说来也奇怪，世界上竞没有一个男子是她喜欢跟她生个孩子的。和蔑克生孩子吗？这是多么可憎的想法！那等于想我兔子生孩子一样！唐米，督克斯？……他是一个在自己身上完结的人。此外，在克利福的许多友人中，没有一个人不使她想到要和他生孩子便使她感到可鄙。其中虽然也有几个，如果拿来做情人还算可以过去，甚至和蔑克！但是若要和他们生个孩子，咳！那是屈辱而可憎的！ + +就是这样！ + +虽然，康妮的心灵深处，却想着孩子。等待吧！她要把这些同代的男子们，在她的筛子上细筛一烟，看看有没有一个合用的。——“到耶路撒冷的街头巷角走走看，看你能找到一个‘男子’不。”在这预言者的耶路撤冷，找不着一个男子，虽然那么雄性的人类多着，但是一个“男子”，那是不同的东西呵！ + +她想，也许，那得要一个外国人：不是英国人，更不是爱尔兰人，得要一个真正的外国人 + +但是等待吧！等待吧！冬天来了她要带克利福到伦敦去，下一个冬天，她要带他到法国南部，或意大利去。等待罢！孩子和问题是不着急的。这是她的私事。对晕事她是怪女性的，她是十分郑重其事的。她决不会冒险、随便，她决不！一个人差不多随时都可以找到一个情人；但是找个使你生孩子的男人……那得等一等！等一等！那是很不同的事情。——“那耶路撤冷的街头巷角走走看……”这并不是爱情的问题，那是找一个？男子”的问题。呵，你私下也许要恨这相男子。但是，如果他是个你所要的男子，那么一点私人的恨有什么重要！这并不是恨与爱的问题哟。 + +天下着雨，和通常一样，园里的路太湿了，克利福不便坐着车子出去，但是康妮还是想出去。现在她天天一个人出去，大部分是在树林里。那儿，她是真正的孤寂。愚不见半人影。 + +这千，克利福有什么话要吩咐守猎的人，而仆人却因患着流行感冒，不能起来——在勒格贝好象总有谁在患流行感冒似的——康妮说她可以到村舍那边去。 + +空气是软的，死的，好象世界就要断气了。一切都是灰色的。滑湿、静寂。煤矿场的声音也听不着，因为今天停工了，好象世界之末日到了！ + +树林里，一切都是毫无生命似地静息着。仅有无叶的树枝上落下来的雨滴，发着空洞的微音，在老树丛中，只有无边的灰色，绝望的静止，寂默，虚无。 + +康妮原朦胧向前走着。这古老的树林发出一种古代的忧郁，这却使她觉得有点安慰。因为这忧郁比之外面世界的那种顽固的麻痹状态还要好些。她喜欢这残余的森林的“内在性”和那些老树的列盲的陈忍。它们象是一种静默的力量，却又是一种有生命的现实。它们也是等待着，固执着，含忍着，等待着而发挥着一种斯默的权能。也许它们只等着他们的末日——被人所伐，被人运走！森林之末日，对于它们是一切之末日！但是，也许它们的高傲的有力的静默，那大树的静默，是含有其它的意义的。 + +当她从树林的北边出去时，她看见了守猎人的村台。这是一个有些灰暗的、棕争的石砌的屋，有着尖角的屋翼和雅致的烟囱，冷静孤僻，好象是没有人住似的。但是烟囱里却冒着一缕轻烟，而屋晨前的围着栏杆的小花园，也修理得很是清洁。门关闭着。 + +现在她到门前了，她觉得那人，那有着奇的锐敏的眼睛的人，使她有些羞缩。她不喜欢对他传达命令，她轻轻地再拍着，也没有人答应，她从窗口向内窥视，看见了里面的阴沉沉的小房子；那种差不多不祥的隐秘情形，好象不愿被人侵犯似的。 + +她站在那里听着，好象听见了屋后有些专声响。因为没有人听见她，所以她气忿起来，她不愿就此干休。她绕着屋子定了过去，在村舍后边，地面是高凸的，所以后院子是陷在里面，四周围着矮矮的石墙，她再绕过去，站着了，在那小院子里，离她有两步远的地方，那人正在洗着他自己，一点儿也不知道有外人来了。他的上身全裸着，那棉裤子在他的瘦小的腰际悬着，他的细长的自哲的背部，在一盆盛着肥皂水的盆上弯曲着，他把头浸在水里，用一种奇异的迅捷的小动作摇动着他的头，举起他瘦长的白皙的两臂，把耳朵里的肥皂水挤出来。又迅捷又灵敏，好象一只鼬鼠在玩着水似的，完全地孤独着。，康妮绕着回到村舍前面去，急忙地向树林里走开了。她不由自主地，很为感动。毕竟这只是一个男子在洗身罢了，一点也不值得惊怪的。 + +但是那种印象，于她却是一个奇异的经验：她和身体的中部好象受了打击似的，她看见了那沉重的裤子在他腰际悬着，那纯洁的、白皙的、细弱的腰，骨路在那儿微徽显露着，这样一种纯粹地寂寞着的男子的孤独的感觉，使她改正仲不安。那是一个妹居着而内心也孤独着的人的完全的、纯洁的、孤独的裸体，不单这样那是一个纯洁的人的美。那不是美的物质，更不是美的肉体，而是一种光芒，一个寂寞生活的温暖的白光，显现而成的一种可从触膜的轮廓：肉体！ + +这种印象深入到了康妮的肺腑里，她知道的，这印象嵌在她的心里面了，但是她的心里却觉得有点可笑：一个在后院里洗身体的男子！无疑地他还用着恶臭的黄色的肥皂呢！——她觉得有点讨厌；为什么她偏偏碰着了这种不高尚的私事！ + +她一步一下地走开，忘记了自己在走着。过了十会，她坐在一棵树桩上。她的心太乱了，不能思索什么了，但是在迷乱之中，她仍然决意要去把克利福的话送给那人。无论如何她得送去。不过还得让那人穿衣服的时间。只是不要让他出去就得了，因为大概是准备着出去的。她向着村舍慢慢地走回去，耳朵探听着。当她走近了村舍时，那村舍还是和刚才一样。一只狗吠了起来，她拍了拍门，心里不由自主地跳着。 + +她听见了那轻轻地下楼的声音。他敏疾地把门打开了，使她吃了一惊。他自己也好象不安的样子，但是他立刻露出了笑容。 + +“查太莱夫人！”他说，“请进来吗？” + +他的样子是这样的斯文而自然，她只好跨过了门槛。而进到那间有点沉郁的小屋里。 + +“克利福男爵有点话吩咐你，我就是为这个来的”她用她的温柔的、有点喘急的声音说道。 + +他用他那蓝色的、洞视一切的眼睛望着她，这使她的脸微微地向旁边躲开。在她的羞惧中，他觉得她是可爱的，而且可以说是美丽的。他马上占了上风。 + +“请坐坐好吗？”他问道，心里想着她是不会坐下的。门还是开着。 + +“不坐了，谢谢，克利福男爵想问你，如果……”她把吩咐的话对他说，无意地向他的眼睛望着，现在，他的眼睛是温暖的，仁慈的，一种特别地对妇人而有的仁慈，无限的温暖，仁慈，而且泰然。 + +“好的，夫人，我就去看去。” + +答应着她吩咐的话时，他完全变了，他给一种坚硬和冷淡的神气笼罩着了，康妮犹豫着。她应该走了，但是她用着一种颓丧的样子，向这所整洁的，有点忧郁的小屋子四下打量着。 + +“你只一个人住在这儿吗？”她问道。 + +“是人，夫人，只一个人。” + +“但是你的母亲呢？” + +“她住在村中她自己的村舍里。” + +“和孩子在一起么？”康妮问道。 + +“和孩子在一起！” + +他的平凡的、有点衰老的脸孔，显着一种不可解的嘲笑的神气。这是一个难于捉摸的、不住地变换的脸孔。 + +当他看见了康妮的莫名其妙的样子时，他说道： + +“晤，我的母亲每星期六上这儿来收拾一次。其余的时间都是我自己料理。” + +康妮再望着他。他的眼睛重新笑着。虽然带点嘲讽的神气，但是很蓝，很温暖，而且慈祥。她惊异地望着他。他穿着长裤和法兰绒的衬衣，结着灰白色的领带，他的头发柔软而润湿，他的脸孔有点苍白而憔悴。当他的眼睛不带笑的时候，显得很苦痛前的样子，但是总不会把热力失掉了。突然地，一种孤独的苍白色呈现在他的脸上：她在那儿并不是为了他呵。 + +她有许多话想说，可是说不出来，她只向他望着，说： + +“我希望没有打扰你吧？” + +一个轻轻的讥讽的微笑，把他的眼睛缩小了。 + +“不，我刚才正在梳头发，请你愿怨我没有穿上外衣，但是我并不知道是谁在敲门。这儿是从来没有人来敲门的意外的声音是使人觉得不祥的。” + +他在她面前走着，到了园路的尽头，把门打开了。他只穿着衬衣，没有那笨重的棉绒外衣，她更看出了他是多么的细瘦，而有点向前颂曲，但是，当她在他面前走过的时候，她觉得他的生动的眼睛和浅褐色的头发，有点什么年轻南昌活泼的地方，他大约是个三十七八的人了。” + +她局促地走到了树林里，她心里知道他正在后面望着她。她使他这样的不安而不能自抑。 + +他呢，当他走进屋里时，他的样子不象是一个守猎的人，无论如何不象是一个工人，虽然他有些地方象本地的平民，但他也有些和他们很不相同的地方。 + +那个守猎人，梅乐士，是一个奇怪的人。”她对克利福说，“他差不多象一个上流阶级的人。” + +“真的吗？克利福说，“我倒没有注意。” + +“但是他不是有点特别的地方么？”康妮坚持着说。 + +“我想他还不坏，但是我不太知道他。他是旧年才离开军队的一还没有到一年。我相信他是从印度归来对，他也许在那边得了一些什么怪癖。他也许是一个军官的传令兵，这把他的地位弄好了一些。许多士兵都是这样的。但是这于他们是没有好处的。当他们回到了老家的时候，他们便只好恢复旧态下” + +康妮凝望着克利福，心里沉思着。她看见了他对较下阶级的稍有上升希望的人所生的那种狭窄的反感，她知道这是他那一类人的特性。 + +“但是，你觉得他是有点什么特别的地方么？”她问道。 + +“老实说，我不觉得，我毫没有注意到什么。” + +他奇异地，不安地，半猜疑地望着她。她觉得他并没有对她说真话。说真切点，他并没有对他自己说真话。他厌恶人家提起什么有特别地方的人。人得站在他的水平线边，或以下，而不应该超出。 + +康妮又感觉到她同代的男子们的狭隘和鄙吝。他们上这样地狭隘，这样地惧怕生命！ + + + + + +第七章 + + +当康妮回到楼上她寝室里去时，做了一件很久以来没有做的事：她把衣服都脱光了，在一面很大的镜子面前，照着自己的裸体。她不太知道究竟她看什么，找什么，但是她把粉光移转到使光线满照在她的身上。 + +她想到她常常想着的事：一个赤裸着的人体，是多么地脆弱，易伤而有点可怜！那是多么地欠缺而这完备的东西！ + +往昔，她的容貌是被人认为美好的，但是现在她是过时了，有点太女性而不太有单男的样式了。她不很高大，这种风韵也许可以说便是美。她的皮肤微微地带点褐色，她的四肢充满着某种安胸的风致，她是身躯应有饱满的流畅下附的华丽，不过现在却欠缺着什么东西。 + +她的肉体的坚定而下奔的曲线，本应成熟下去的，现在它却平板起来，而且变成有点粗糙了，仿佛这身体是欠缺着阳光和热力，它有点苍白面无生气了。 + +在完成一个真正的女性上，这身体是挫败了，它没有成就一个童男似的透明无理的身体；反之，它显得暗晦不清了。 + +她的乳房有点瘦小，象梨予似的垂着。它们是没有成熟的，带点苦味，而没有意义地吊在那儿。她在青春时期所有的一一当她年轻的德国情人真正爱她的肉体的时候所有的，那小腹的圆滑鲜明的光辉，已经失掉了。那时候，她的小腹是幼嫩的，含着希望的、有着它所特有的真面目。现在呢，它成为驰松的了，有点平板而比以前消瘦了，那是一种驰松的瘦态。她的大腿也是一样，从前富着女性的圆满的时候，是那样的灵活而光辉，现在却是平板、驰松而无意义了。 + +她的身体日见失掉意义，成为沉闷而赠晦，现在只是一个无意义的物质了。这使她觉得无限的颓丧的失望。还人什么希望呢？她老了，二十七岁便老了。是啊，为着牺牲而老了。时髦的妇从们，用外表的摄养法，把肉体保持得象一个脆嫩的瓷器似的放着光辉。瓷器的内面自然是什么都没有的。但是，康妮却连这种假借的光彩都没有。啊，精神生活！她突然觉得狂愤地憎恨这精神生活！这欺骗的精神生活！ + +他向后边那面镜子照着，望着她的腰身。她是日见纤瘦了，而这种纤瘦的样子于她是不台适的。当她扭转身去时，她看见她腰部的皱折是疲乏的，但是从前却是很轻盈愉快的！臀部两旁和臀尖的下倾，已失掉了它的光辉和富丽的神态了。失掉了！只有她那年轻的德国情人曾爱过这一切。而他却已经死去近十年了。时间过得多快！他死去已经十年了，而她现在只有二十岁！她曾貌视过的，那壮健青年的新鲜的印拙的性欲！现在她何处可以找到呢？男子们再也不会有了。他们只有那可怜的两秒钟的一阵抽搐，如蔑克里斯……再也没有真正的人性的性欲，再也没有那使人的血液沸腾，使人的全身全心清爽的性欲了。 + +虽然，她觉得她身体归美的部分，是从她背窝处开始的那臀部的悠长的下坠，和那两靡臀面的幽静思睡的圆满。如阿胶伯人说的，那象是些沙丘，柔和地、成长坡地下降。生命在这儿还带着一些希望，但是这儿也一样，她是比以前消瘦了，不成熟了，而且有点涩苦了。 + +但是她的前身却使她悲伤起来。这部分已经开始驰松了，现着一种差不多衰萎的松懈的消瘦，没有真正生活就已经老了。她想到她将来也许要有的孩子，她究竟配不配呢？ + +她穿上了睡衣，倒在床上苦痛地哭淬。在她的苦痛里，她对克利福，他的写作，和他的谈话，对所有期罔妇人和欺罔她们的肉体的男子们，燃烧着一种冷酷的愤懑！ + +这是不公平的，不平的！那肉体的深深不平的感觉，燃烧到了她灵魂的深处。但是，虽然如此，翌日早晨的七点钟。她还是照样起来，到楼下克利福那里去。她得帮助他梳洗更衣的一切私事，因为他已没有用男仆。而他又本愿意一个女仆人来帮助他。女管家的丈夫——他是当克利福还是孩童的时候便认识他的。帮助着他做些粗笨的事情。但是康妮却管理着一切私事，而且出于心愿。那是无可标何的，但是愿意尽她所能地傲去。 + +所以她几乎从不离开勒格贝，就是离开也不过一二天，那时是女管家白蒂斯太太照料着克利福，他呢，日子久了自然而然地觉得康妮替他所做的事情是当然的，而他这种感觉毕竟也是自然的呵。 + +虽然，在康妮的深心里，、却开始燃烧着一种不平的和彼人欺圈的感觉，肉体一旦感觉到了不平，这种感觉是危险的。这种感觉要发泄出来，否则它便要把怀着这感觉的人吞食的。可怜的克利福！那并不是他的过错。他比康妮更是不幸呢。这一切都是人间整个灾祸的一部分啊。 + +然而，他真是没有一点儿可以责备的地方么？那热力的欠缺，那温暖的肉体的简单接触的欠缺，不是他地过错么？他从来不温热，甚至也不慈和，他只有一种冷淡、受过高等教养的人对人的恳切与尊重。但是他从来没有过一个男子对于妇人所有的那种温热。甚至如康妮的父亲对她所有的那种温热他都没有。那种男子的温热，虽只为着男子自己，而男子也只这样作想，无论怎样，一点男性的热烈是可以把一个妇人温暖起来的。 + +但是克利福并不这样，他那一灯的人并不这样，他们的内心都是坚钝无情，他们以为热情是卑劣的东西。你得冷酷下去，守着你便可以守着的地位。但是，如果你不是那一阶级那和囊类的人，这便不行了死守着你的地位，觉着你自己是属于统治阶级的人，那不是好玩的事，那有什么意义？因为甚至最高贵的贵族，事实上已没有什么地佼可守，而他们的所谓统治，实际只是滑稽把戏，全不能说是统治了，那有什么意交？这一切只是无聊的胡闹罢了。 + +康妮的反抗的感觉，潜然地滋生了。那一切究竟有什么用处？她的牺牲，以她的生命牺牲于克利福，究竟有什么用处？毕竟，她有什么于人有用的地方？那儿只有那种冷酷的虚荣心，没有温热的人道的接触，正如任何最下流的犹太人般的缺德，欲望着卖身与成功的财神。甚至克利福，那样的冷淡，那样的远引，那样的相信自已是属于统治的阶级，尚且不禁垂着舌头，喘着气息，追逐于财神之后，实在，在这种事中。蔑克里斯是尊严些的，他的成功是大得多的，真的，细看起来，克利福只是个丑角；而一个丑角是比一个光棍更卑下的。 + +在这两个男人中间，她对于蔑克里斯是较有用处的。而他比克利福也更需要她，因为任何一个好看护都能看护一个两腿风瘫的人！如果拿他们所做的英雄事业来说。蔑克里斯是个英雄的老鼠，而克利福只是个玩把戏的小狗。 + +家里现在来了些客人，其中一个是克利福的站母爱娃本纳利爵士夫人。这是一位六十岁的、有个红鼻子的瘦小的妇人，她是一个寡妇，依旧还有点贵妇的派判断，她出身名门，并且有名门的气性。康妮很喜欢她。当她愿意的时候，她是这样的简单率直，而且外表上是这样慈蔼。其实她对于守着她的地位，而且守到比他人高一点的它术上，她是个能手。她一点也不是个热利的人，她太相信自己了。在社交上，她是这样地善于冷静地守着自己的地位，而使他人向她让步。 + +她对康妮很是亲切，用着她的出身高门的人的观察，象尖锐的钻予一样，努力地把也的妇人的灵魂的秘密刺穿。 + +“我觉得你真可钦佩。”她对康妮说。“你替克利福真是出了惊人的力。他的天才的焕发，我是从不怀疑的。现在他是惊天动地了。”一……爱娃妨母对于克利福的成功，是十分得意的骄傲的。因为那是有光门据的！至于他的著作嘛，她倒是毫不关心的，关心干什么呢？ + +“啊，我不相信我出了。什么力。”康妮说。 + +“那一定是你的力。除了你以外，还有谁能出力呢？我觉得你得出报酬实在不够呢。” + +“怎么说的？” + +“你扯你怎样的关闭在这里！我对克利福说过：要是这孩子那天反叛起来，你是活该哟。” + +“但是克利福从来没有拒绝我什么的。”康妮说。 + +“你听我说吧，我亲爱的孩子，”本纳利夫人说着；把她的瘦小的手放在康妮的臂上，“一个女子得过她的生活，否则，，她使要后悔没有生活过，相信我吧！”她再啜了一日白兰地，那她也许就是后悔的形式吧。 + +“但是，我不是正在过我的生活么？” + +“不，我不这样想。克利福应该把你带到伦敦去。让你走动走动。他所有的那一类的朋友们，对于他自己是很好的，但是对于你呢，假如我是你的话，我却不能满意。将空度了你的青春；你将在后悔中度你的老年生活。甚至中年生活。” + +这贵妇人给白兰地的力量镇静着，渐渐地陷在沉思的静默中了。 + +便是康妮并不很想到伦敦而给本纳利夫人引导到那时髦的社会里去。她觉得她和那种社会是不合不来的。并且那种社会是不能使她发生兴趣的。她很觉得那种社会的下去，有一种怪异的令人畏缩的冷酷；象拉布拉多地土壤一般，地面上生长着一些愉快的小花朵，可是一尺以下却是冰冻的。 + +唐米·督克斯也在勒格贝，此外还有哈里·文达斯罗；贾。克·司登治魏和他的妻奥莉芜。他们间的谈话是不连贯的，不象知友们在一块时那们地一泻千里，大家都有点发闷，因为天气既不好，而消遣的东西又只不过打打牌子和开着留声机跳跳舞罢了。 + +奥莉芜正在念着一本描写将来世界的书，说将来孩子们是要在瓶子里用人工培养出来的，妇于们是可以“超脱”的。 + +“那是件美妙的事哟。”她说，“那时妇女们便可以享受她们的生活了。”原来她的丈夫同登治魏是希望生个孩子的；她呢，却不。 + +“你喜欢怎样的超脱呢？”文达斯罗狞笑着问她。 + +“我希望我自然地超脱出来。”她说，无论如何，将来是要比现在更台理的，而妇女们不会再给她们的‘天职’累坏了” + +“也许她们都要飘飘欲仙了。”督克斯说。 + +“我实在觉得如果文明是名副其实的话，便应该把肉体的弱点大加排除。”克利福说，拿性爱不说，这便是很可以不必有的东西。我想，假如我们可以用人工在孩子里培养孩子，这种东西是要消灭的。” + +“不！”奥莉芙叫道：“那也许要给我们更多好玩的东西呢。” + +“我想，”本纳利夫人带着一种沉思的样子说：“假如性爱这东西消灭了，定会有旁的什么东西来代替的。吗啡，也许。整个空气中浮散着一点吗啡，那时人人定要觉得了不得的爽快呢。” + +“每到星期六，政府便在社会散布些以太，这一来星期天全国人民准快活！”贾克说：“那似乎好得很；但是星期三，我们又怎样呢？” + +“只要你给忘却你的肉体，你便快活。”本纳利夫人说，“你一想起了你的肉体，你使苦痛。所以，假如文明有点什么用处的话，它便要帮助我们忘掉肉体，那时候时间便可以优哉游哉地过去了。” + +还要帮助我们把肉体完全除掉呢。”文达斯罗说，“现在正是时候了，人类得开始把分的本性改良了，尤其是肉体方面人本性。” + +“想想看，假如，我们象香烟的烟似地漂浮着，那就妙了！”康妮说。 + +“那是不会有的事。”督克斯说，“我们的老把戏就要完了；我们的文明就要崩毁了！我们文明正向着无底的井中、深渊中崩毁下去。相信我，将来深渊上唯一的桥梁便是一条‘法乐士’” + +“唉呀，将军，请你不要胡说乱道了！”奥莉英叫道。 + +“是的，我相信我们的文明是要倒塌了。”爱娃姑母说。 + +“倒塌了以后要来些什么呢？”克利福问道。 + +“我一点儿也不知道，但是我想总会来些东西的。”老夫人道。 + +“康妮说，来些象是烟波似的人，奥莉英说，来些超脱的妇女，和瓶子里养的孩子。达克斯说，‘法乐士’便是渡到将来去的桥梁。我奇怪究竟要来些什么东西？”克利福说。 + +“呵，不要担心这个！”奥莉芜说，“但请赶快制造些养孩子的瓶子，而社我们这些可怜的妇女们清静好了。” + +“在将来的时代，也许要来些真正的人。”唐米说：“真正的，有智慧的，健全的男人，和一些健全的可爱的女人！这可不是一个转变，一个大转变么？我信今日的男子并不是真男子，而妇人们并不是妇人。我们只演着权宜之计的把戏，做着机械的智慧和实验罢了。将来也许要来一个真男真女的文明。这些真男真女将代替我们这一小群聪明的小丑——只有七岁孩童的智慧的我们。那一定要比虚无缥缈的人和瓶子里养的孩子更其奇观。” + +“呵，男人们如果开始讲什么真正的妇人的话，我不谈了。”奥独笑说。 + +“当然啊，我们所有的唯一可贵的东西，便是精神。”文达斯罗说。 + +“精神！”。贾克一边说，一边饮着他的威士忌苏打。 + +“你以为那样么？我呢，我以为最可贵的是肉体的复活！达克斯说，“但是肉体的复活总会到来的，假如我们能把精神上的重载；金钱及其他，推开一些，那时我们便要有接触的德漠克拉西，是肉体的复活！”她实在一点都不知道那是什么意思，但是那使她得到安慰，好象其他不知意义的东西有时使人得到安慰一样。 + +然而一切事物都是可怖的愚蠢。这一切，克利福、爱娃姑母、奥莉芙、贾克及文达斯罗，甚至督克斯，都使她厌烦不堪。空话‘空话，只是些空话！这不尽的空谈，令人难受得象人地狱一般。 + +但是，当客人都走了时，她也不觉得好过些。她继续着作她的忧郁的散步，但是愤懑的激怒，占据着她的全身，她不能逃避。日子好象发着咬牙声似地过去，使她痛苦，却毫无新的东西来到，她渐渐地消瘦了。甚至又管家也注意到了，问她是不是有什么不舒服，甚至唐米·督克斯也重复说她的身体日见不好，虽然她并承认。只是那达娃斯哈教堂下的小山旁直立着的那些不祥的白色墓石，开始使她惧怕了。这些墓石有一种奇特的、惨白的颜色，象加拿拉的大理石一样，象假牙齿一样的可憎，她可发从园中清楚地望见。这些假牙似的丑恶的墓石，耸立在那小山上，难她一种阴森的恐怖，她觉得她不久便要被埋葬在那儿，加入那墓石和墓碑下的鬼群中，在这污秽的米德兰地方。 + +她知道她是需要帮助的。于是她写了一封信给她的姊姊希尔达，露了一点她的心的呼喊：“我近来觉得不好，我不知道是怎么回事。” + +希尔达从苏格兰赶了来。那是三月时候，她自己驶着一部两入座的轻便小汽车。响着喇叭，沿着马路驶了上来，然后绕着屋前面的有两株山毛榉树的那块椭圆形的草坪。 + +康妮忙赶到门口台阶上去接她。希尔达把四停了，走了出来抱吻了她的妹妹。 + +“啊，康妮哟！”她说，“怎么样了？” + +“没有怎么！”康妮有点难过地说，但是她知道她自己和她姊姊是恰恰地相反的，这一点使她痛苦着。从前，这姊妹俩，有着同样的光辉而带点金黄的肉色，同样的棕色的柔软的头发，同样的天然地强壮丽温热的体质。但是现在呢，康，妮瘦了，颜容惨淡，她的颈项从胸衣上挺出来，又瘦又带点黄色。 + +“但是你是病了，孩子哟！”希尔达用那种从前婶妹俩同有的温柔而有点气怒的声音说。希尔达比康妮差不多大两岁。 + +“不，没有什么病。也许是我烦恼的缘故”，康妮说，她的声音有点可怜。 + +希尔达的脸上，焕发着一种战斗的光芒。虽然她的样子看起来温柔而肃静，查她是一个有古代女弄士的风度的女子，和男子们是合不来的。 + +“多可怕的地方！”她深恨地望着这所可怜的残败的老勒格贝，轻轻地说。她的外貌是温柔而温热的，象一个成熟了的梨于一样，其实她却是一个道地的古代的女武士。 + +她静默地进去见克利福。克利福心里想，她长得真漂亮，但同时她却使他惧怕。他的妻家的人没有和他一样的举止仪态。他认为他们是有点外边人的样子，但是既已成了亲家，便只好以另眼相看了。 + +“他堂皇地、谈蓝色的眼睛有些凸出；他的表情是不可思仪的，但是很斯文。不过希尔达哪里管他态度怎样镇定，她已准备战斗了。他就是教里或皇帝，她也不怕。 + +“康妮的样子太不健康了。”她用柔软的声音说道。她华丽的灰色的眼睛，不转瞬的望着他。她和康妮一样，有着那种很处女的神气，但是克利福很知道那里面却隐藏着多么坚强的苏格兰人的固执性。 + +“她瘦了一点。”他说。 + +“你没有想什么法子？” + +“你相信想法子有什么用处么？”他问道。他的声音是很英国式的，又坚定又柔和。这两种东西常常是混在一起的。 + +希尔达直望着他没有回答。她同康妮一样，随曰答话不是她的能事。她只是不转瞬地望着他，这使他觉得很难受，比她说什么都更难受。 + +“我得把她带去看看医生。”过了一会希尔达说，“你知道这附近有好医生吗？” + +“我不太知道。” + +“那么我要把她到伦敦去，那儿我们有一位可靠的医生。” + +“克利福虽然怒火中烧，但是不说什么。 + +‘我想我还是在这儿过夜吧。”希尔达一面脱下手套一面说，“明天早晨我再把她带到伦敦去。” + +克利福愤怒得脸色发黄。到了晚上，他的眼睛的白膜也有点发黄了。他的肝脏是有毛病的，但是希尔达依旧是这样地温逊如处女。 + +晚饭过后，当大家似乎安静地喝着咖啡时，希尔达说。“你得找个看护妇或什么人来料理你的私事才好，最好还是找个男仆。” + +她的声音是那样的缓和，听起来差不多是温雅的。但是克利福却觉得她在他的头上用棍子击着似的。 + +“你相信那是必要的么？”他冷淡地说。 + +“当然呵！那是必要的，否则父亲和我得把康妮带开去位几个月才行，事情不能照这样子继续下去的。” + +什么事情不能照这样子继续下去？” + +“难道你没有看见这可怜的孩子怎么样了么？”‘希尔达问道，两眼固视着他。她觉得他这时候有点象是煮过了的大虾。 + +“康妮和我会商量这事的。”他说。 + +“我已经和她商量过了。”希尔达说。 + +克利福曾经给看护们看护过不少时间，他憎恶他们，因为她们把他的一切私密都知道了，至于一个男仆！……他就忍受不了一个男子在他的身边，那还不如任何一个妇人的好。但是为个么康妮不能看护他呢？ + +姊妹俩在次日的早晨一同出发。康妮有点象复活节的羔羊似的。在驶着车的希尔达旁边坐着，的点细微，麦尔肯爵士不在伦敦，但是根新洞的房子是开着门的。 + +医生很细心地诊验康妮，询问着她的生活的各种屑事。 + +“在画报上我有时看见过你的。”和克利福男爵的像片，你们差不多都是名人了，可不是？好温静的女孩子们都长大了，但是画报上虽然刊着你的像片，你却还是个温静的女孩子呢，不要紧的，不要紧的，各个器官都毫无病状。但是却不能这样继续下去！告诉克利福男爵，他得把你带到伦敦，或带到外国去，给你点娱乐消遣的东西。你得要娱乐娱乐才行。那是不可少的，你的元气太衰了，没有一点儿底蓄。心的神经状况已经有点异状了，是的，是的，就是这神经太不好了！到于纳或比亚力治去玩一个月，准保你复原起来，但是一定不能，一定不能这样继续下去。否则将来怎样了，我是不敢说的。你消耗着你的生命力，而不使它再生。你得要散散心，找些适当的有益的健康的娱乐！你只消耗着你的元气，而授有递补些新的元乞。你知道那是不能继续下去的。伤神的事！避免伤神的事！” + +希尔达紧咬着牙关，那是含有意思的。 + +蔑克里斯听见她们都在伦敦，赶快带着玫瑰花来。 + +“为什么，怎么样不好了？”他叫道，“你只剩下一个影子了。咳，我从来没有见过变得这么厉害的！为什么你全不让我知道？和我到尼斯去哪！到西西里去吧！去吧、和到西西里去，那儿此刻正是最可爱的时候。你需要阳光！你需要好好的生活！啊，你是日见衰萎下去了！跟我去！到非洲去！咳，该死的克利福，丢了他跟我去罢。你们一离婚我便要马上娶你，来吧，试一试新的生活吧！天哟，勒格贝那种地方是无论谁都要闷死的！肮脏的地方！鬼地方！无论谁都要闷死的！跟我到有阳光的地方去吧！你需要的是阳光，阳光和一点常态的生活。” + +但是，就这样干脆地抛弃了克利福，康妮却过意不去。她不能那佯做。不……不！……她简直不能。她得回勒格贝去。 + +蔑克里斯厌根析了，希尔达并不喜欢蔑克里斯，但是她觉得他似乎比克利福好一点。她们妹妹俩又回到米德兰去了。 + +希尔达向克利福交叔叔。克利福的眼睛还是黄的。他也是一样。他有他的焦虑过头的地方。但是他不得不听希尔达的一番话和医生的一番话；他却不听——当然啦——蔑克里斯的那番话的。他听着这个最后通隙，麻木地不做一声。 + +“这儿是一个好男仆的地址，他服侍过那个医生诊治的一个残废人，那病人是前月死了的，这是一个很好的用人、他一定肯来的。” + +“但是我并不是一个病人，而且我不要一个男仆。”克利福这可怜的家伙说。 + +“这儿还有两个妇人的地址，其中一个是我见过的，她很合适，她是一个五十上下的妇人，安静、壮健、和蔼，而且也受过相当的教养……” + +克利福只是倔怒着，不答应什么。 + +“好吧，克利福，要是到明天还没有什么决定，我便打电话报给父亲，我们便把康妮带走。” + +“康妮愿意走么？”克利福问道。 + +“她是产愿意走的，但是，她知道这是不得不的事。我们的母亲是癌症死的，她这病是神经耗损后得来的，我们不要再冒同样的险了。” + +到了次日。克利福出主意雇用波尔敦太太，她是达娃斯哈教区内的一个着护妇。显然这是女管家白蒂斯太太想起。波尔敦太太正在辞去教区里的职务而成为一个私人看护。克利福有一种怪癣，他很怕把自己委身于一个不相识的人。但是，当他的一次患了猩红热的时候，这位波尔敦太太曾经服侍过他，他是认识她的。 + +妹妹俩立刻去见波尔敦太太。她住在一条街上的一所新房子里，这条街在达娃斯哈是算得高雅的。她是一个四十多岁的样子够好着的妇人，穿着看护妇的制服，白色的衣领和白色的围裙。她正在一个壅塞的小起坐室里煮着茶。 + +波尔敦太太是顶殷勤顶客气的，看起来似乎很可爱。她说话时带着点土音，但说的是很正确的英语，因为她多年琐看护过那些矿工病人，并且他们都贴服地服从她，所以她对她自己是很自尊而且很自信的。简言之，在她的小环境里，她是村中领导阶级的一个代表，很受人尊敬。 + +“真的，查太莱男爵夫人的脸色真不好！是哟，她从前是那样丰美的，可不是吗？但是一个冬天来她就瘦弱了！啊，那是难堪的，真的可怜的克利福男爵！唉，那大战，好多的痛苦都是大战的啡恶啊！” + +波尔敦太太答应了如果沙德罗医生可以让她去的话，她马上就可以到勒格贝去。她在教区里还要尽半个月的职务，但是他们也许可以找到一个替手的。 + +希尔达忙跑过去见沙德罗医生。到了下个星期日，波尔敦太太便带了两口箱子，乘着马车到勒格贝来了。希尔达和她谈过几番话。波太太是无论何时都准备着和人谈话的。她看起来是宋的年青！热情来了时，是要把她的有点苍白的两颊潮红起来的。她是四十七岁了。 + +她的丈夫德底·波尔敦，是在矿坑里出事死的。那是二十二年前的事了，那时正圣诞切，他抛下了她和两个女，其中一个还是襁褓之中，呵，这小女孩爱蒂斯现在已和雪非尔德的一个青年药剂师结了婚了。名他一个是在齐斯脱非尔德当教员，她每星期末了便回家来看望母亲，如果波太太不到旁地方去的话。年轻人今日是根写意的了，不象她——爱微·波尔敦——年轻的时候了。 + +德底·波尔敦在煤矿穴晨发生爆炸而丧命时，是二十岁。那时，前的一个工友向他们喊着躺下，大家都及时躺下了，只有德底，他就这样丧失了性命。事后判查时，矿主方面他们说德底是慌张起来想逃走。没有服从命令，所以事实上，他是由自己的过错死的。于是赔偿费只有三百镑，他们还认为这是恩惠，因为死者是由自己的过错死的。而且这三百解放军他们也不肯一次交给她；(她是想拿这笔钱来开个小铺子的。)他们说，要是一次交了她定要花光，也许要花在醉酒上呢！她只好每星期去领三十先令。是的，她只好每个星期一的早晨上办事处去，在那里站着直等两个钟头才轮到她；是的，差不多四年中，她每星期一都去。两个孩子都是这样幼小，她能怎样呢？但是德底的母亲却对她很好。当孩子们会走路时，白天里她常把她们看管着，而她，爱微，波尔敦呢，却到雪非尔德去上战地医院的课。到了第四年，她又攻读看护的课程，而且得到了文凭。她决心不领先他人，而自己养育她的孩子。这样，她在阿斯魏特医院当了一个时期的助手。达娃斯哈煤矿公司的当事人，——事实上便是克利福男爵——看见了她能独身奋斗，却对她起了艰感，他们给了她教区看护的位了，事事从旁先后，这是她不能不说的。她在那里工作着，直至现在，她觉得这工作在些使她疲乏了，她需要找点清闲些的事了，一个教区看护的工作，是忙个不了的工作呵。 + +“是人，公司对我很好，我常常这样说。但是我永忘不了他们对德底所说的话，因为从来没有一个矿工是象德底那样隐健丽勇敢和，而他们所说的话，等于骂他是个懦夫。但是，他已死了，他再也不能说什么以自白了。” + +她的话里奇异地显示着各种感情的交错。她喜欢那些她多年来看护过的矿工们，但是她觉得自己比他们高得多。她差不多觉得自己是上层阶级的人，而同时，她心里却潜伏着一种对于统治阶级的怨恨。老板们，在工人与老板们中间起着争论的时候，她是常常站在工人方面的，但是如果那儿并没有什么争论的话，她是热切的希望着自己比工人高，而属于上层阶级的。上层阶级盘惑她，引起她的英国人所特有的脐身于显贵的热望。她到勒格贝来真是使她心醉极了，她心醉着能够跟查太莱男爵夫人谈话，老实说，这位男爵夫人不是那些矿工的妻子们比得上的！这是她敢率直地承认的。但是，一个人却可以觉察出来，她是有着一种对查太莱家的仇恨的，有着和种对老板们的仇恨。 + +“啊，是的，当然哪，那一定要使查太莱夫人操劳过度的：幸得她有个婶婶来帮助她。男子们是想不到的。他们无论尊卑都一样，他们觉得一个女子对他们所做的事是当然的。啊，我常常把这话对矿工们说。但是掩饰利福男爵也有他的难处。他是个两腿残废的人呢。查太莱家里一向都是些很自尊的人，常常总站在人的上头，这倒也是他们的权利。但是现在，受着这么一打击！这对于查太莱夫人是很难受的，也许她比他人觉得更难受呢。她是多么地缺憾啊！我有德底只有了三年，但是老实说，我有了他这许久，我是有过一个我永不能忘记的丈夫，干人中也找不出他这样的一个人的，他是快活得和春天一样的人。谁能想到他要死于非命呢？直到现在我还不相信他是死了；虽然是我亲手洗净他的尸体的，但是我从不能相信他是死了。我觉得他没有死，没有死，我决不能说他是死了啊。” + +在勒格贝讲这种话是新鲜的，康妮觉得很新鲜的听着，那使她发生了一种新兴趣。 + +起首的时候，波尔敦太太在勒格贝是很泰然的；但是渐淡地，她的安泰的样子和趾高气扬的声调失掉了，她成为惊惧不安的人了，对于克利福，她觉得害羞，差不多觉得惧怕，并且静默不敢多言。倒喜欢她这样，他不久便重整了他的威严，让她替他忙碌着而不自知。 + +“她是个有用的废物！”他说。康妮听了惊讶地圆睁着两眼，但她并不反驳他。两个不同的人所处的印象是这么相异呵！ + +不久。她对那看护的态度变为王候式的威严了。她本来就等待着这个。他却不等她知道已将所等待的做到了。他人所等待于我们的事情，我们是灵敏一感到而且做到的！当她从前看护着受伤的矿工们或者替他们敷药时，他们多么象些孩子，对她倾谈着，诉说着他们的苦痛。他们常常使她觉得自己是多么高贵，多么超人地执行着她的义务。现在克利福却使她觉得自己微小得象一个仆人，而她也只好忍气吞声地接受这种情境，以讨好上层阶级的欢心。 + +她来报侍他的时候，噤若寒蝉。她的长而标致的脸孔上，两只眼睛只敢向地下望。她很谦卑地说： + +“这个要我现在做么，克利福男爵？那个要我做么？” + +“不，现在不用管，我以后再叫你做。” + +“是的，克利福男爵。” + +“半点钟后你再来吧。” + +“是的，克利福男爵。” + +“把这些旧报纸带出去吧。” + +“是的，克利福男爵。” + +她温顺地走开了。半点钟后，她又温顺地回来。她给人差使着，但她并不介意。她正经验着上层阶级是怎样的一个阶级。她不抱怨克利福，也不讨厌他，他只是一个怪物，一个上层阶级的怪物——这个阶级是她今日以前所不认识的，但今日以后，她便要认识了她觉得和查太莱夫人在一起时好过得多了。在一个家庭里毕竟是女主人才算要紧呵！ + +波太太每天晚上帮助克利福上床就寝。她自己睡在隔着一条走廊的一间房子里，夜里如果他按铃叫她，她得去，早晨她也去帮助他。不久，她服侍他一切梳洗穿着的事了，甚至还要替他刮脸，用她的柔和而女性的动作替他刮脸。她很和蔼，很机巧，她不久便知道怎样去管束他了。当你在他的两颊上涂着肥皂的泡沫，柔和地擦着他粗硬的胡须时，他毕竟并不怎样于普通的矿工啊，那种高傲的神气和不直率的样子，并不使她难过，她正尝试着一种新的经验。 + +虽然，在克利福的心里，他总不太宽恕康妮，因为她把她从前替他所做的私人工作都交给一个外来的雇佣的妇人了。他对自己说，她把他们两人间的亲密之花杀害了，但是康妮对这个却满不在乎，所谓他们间的亲密之花，她觉得有点象兰花，寄生在她的生命的树上，这样生出来的花，在她看来，是够难看的。 + +现在，她比以前自由了，她可以在她楼上的房子里，幽雅地弹着琴，而且唱着：“不要摸触那刺人的野草……因为爱之束缚不易解开。”她直至最近不没有明白那是多么不易解开，那爱之束缚。但是我谢天，她现在把它解开了！她是这样的愉活，她现在是孤独了，不必常常和克利福说话了，当他是一个人的时候，他打，打，打，打着打字机，无穷地打着。但是当他不“工作”，而她又在他身边时，他便谈着，总是谈着，无限细微地分析着各种人手、因果、性格及人品，她已经够胺了，好几年以来，她曾经爱过这些谈话，直至她受够了，突然地，她觉得再也不能忍受了。好了，她现在清静了，她真是感恩不尽哟。 + +他们俩的心灵深处，好象生着成千成万的小根蒂和小丝线，互相交结着而成了一个混乱的大团，直至再也不能多生了，而这个植物便渐渐萎死下去。现在，她冷静地、细密地把他俩的心灵间的交错的毛团清理着，好好地把乱丝一条‘条地折断，忍耐而又着急地想使自己自由起来。但是这第一种爱情的束缚，比其他的束缚都难解脱，虽然波尔敦太太来了，那量个大大援助。 + +但是，他还是和从前一样，每个晚上他总要和康妮亲密地谈话：谈话或高声地念书。但是，现在康妮可以设法叫彼太太在十点钟的，时候来把他们中断了，于是十点钟的时候，康妮便可以到楼上去，一个人孤独着。有了波太太，不必替克利福忧虑什么了。 + +波太太同白蒂斯太太在女管家的房子里吃饭，这种办法是大家都方便的。真奇怪，从前仆人的地方是那么远，现在象是移近了，好象在克利福书房门口了，因为女管家白太太不时到波太太的房里去，当康妮和克利福孤独着的时候，她可以听见他们俩低声地谈着话，她好象觉得着那另一种强有力的雇佣者的生命在颤动着，而把起侍室都侵占了。这便是自从波尔敦太太来到勒格贝后的变化。 + +康妮觉得自己已经解脱而进到另一个世界了，她觉得连呼吸都不同了。但是她还是惧怕，自己问着究竟她还有多少根蒂一……也许是侦关生死的根蒂，和克利福的根蒂交结着。虽然这样，她毕竟是呼吸得更自在了，她的生命要开始一个新的阶段。 + + + + + +第八章 + + +波尔敦太太对于康妮也是很慈爱地看护的，她觉得她必要把她的女性的职业的看护，扩张到女主人的身上。她常常劝男爵夫人出去散步，乘汽车到由斯魏特走走去，到新鲜空气里去，因为康妮已经成了个习惯，整天坐在火旁边。假装着看书，或做着活计，差不多不出门了。 + +希尔达走了不久以后的一个刮风天，波太太对她说：“你为什么不到树林里去散散步，到守猎人的村舍后边去看看野水仙？那是一幅不容易看到的最美丽的景色。并且你还可以采些来放在房里呢，野水仙总是带着那么愉快的风姿，可不是么？ + +康妮觉得这主意很不坏，看看吱水仙花去！毕竟呢，为什么这样困守愁城，摧残自己？春天回来了……”春大显身手秋冬去复回，但是那欢乐的日子，那甜蜜地前来的黄昏或清晨，却不向我回来。” + +而那个守猎人！他的纤细的白皙的身体，象是一枝肉眼不能见的花朵里的孤寂的花心！她在极度的颓丧抑郁中竟把他忘记了，但是现在什么东西在醒转了……幽暗地，在门廊与大门的那边……所要做的，但是通过那些门廊与大门。 + +她现在更有气力了，走起路来也更轻快了，树林里的风，不象花园里的风那么紧吹着她而使人疲乏。她要忘记，忘记世界和所有可怖的行尸走肉的人们，在三月的风中，有无穷的词语在她的心中迅疾经过：“你得要投胎重生！我相信肉体之复活！假如一粒小麦落在地下面不死，它是要发牙的……当报春花生长晨，我也要露出头来看太阳！” + +一阵阵的阳光乍明乍暗，奇异的光辉，林边棱树下的毛莫草，在阳光照耀下，好象金叶似的闪着黄光，树林里寂静着，这样地寂静着，但给一阵阵的阳光照得揣揣不安，新出的白头翁都在开花了，满地上布散着它们苍白的颜色。整个树林都好象苍白了。“在您的呼吸之下，世界就成苍白了” + +但是这一天，那却是珀耳塞福涅的呼吸；她在一个寒冷的早晨，从地狱中走了出来，一阵阵的风呵着冷气，在头顶上，那纠缠在树枝间的乱风在愤怒着。原来风也是和押沙龙一样，被困着，但是挣扎着想把自己解脱出来，那些白头翁草看来多委怕冷的样子，在它绿色的衣裙上，耸着洁白的赤裸的肩膊。可是它们却忍得佐。在小径的旁边，还有些抉出的小莲馨花，乍开着黄色的花蕾。 + +狂怒的风在头顶上吼叫着，下边只有一阵阵的冷气，康妮在树林里奇异兴奋起来，她的两颊上潮红涌起，两只眼睛蓝得更深。她蹒跚地走着，一边采些莲馨花初出的紫罗兰，又香又冷的紫罗兰。她只管前进着，不知自己是在那里。 + +未了，她到了树林尽头的空旷处，她看见了那带绿色的石筑的村舍，远看起来差不多是淡红色的，象是一朵菌的下面的颜色，村舍的石块绘阳光温暖着。在那关闭着的门边，有些素馨花在闪着黄色的光辉。但是阗寂无声。烟囱里不冒烟，也没有狗吠声。 + +她静默地绕到屋后面去，那儿地势是隆起的，她有个托词，她是来看野水仙的。 + +它们都在那儿，那些花柄短短的野水仙，在发着沙沙的的声响，摇动着，战栗着，这样的光耀而富有生命，但是它们都在闪避着风向，而不知何处藏匿它们的脸儿。 + +它们在窘迫至极的时候，摇摆着那光辉的向阳小花瓣，但是事实上也放它们喜欢这样——也许它们喜欢这样地受着虐待。 + +康妮靠着一株小松树下，这小松树在她的背后，荡动着一种奇异的、有弹性的、有罗的、向上的生命。直耸着，流动着，它的树梢在太阳光里！她望着那些野水仙花，在太阳下变成金黄颜色，这同样的太阳，把她的手和膝疯都温暖起来，她甚至还闻着轻微的柏油昧的花香。因为是这样的静寂，这样的孤独，她觉得自己是进入到了她自己的命运之川流里去了。她曾经被一条绳索系着，颠簸着，摇动着，象一只碇泊着的船。现在呢，她可以自由飘荡了。 + +冷气把阳光赶走了。野水仙无言地深藏在草荫里。它们整天整夜在寒冷中这样深藏着，虽然是弱质，但是那么强悍！ + +她站了起来，觉得有些硬直，采了几朵野水仙便走了。她并不喜欢摘断花枝，但是她只要一两朵去伴她回去。她不得不回勒格贝去，回擂格贝的墙里去。唉！她多么恨它，尤其是它坚厚地墙壁！墙归墙！虽然，在这样的风里，人却需要这些墙壁呢。 + +她回到家里时，克利福问她道 + +“你到那儿去来？” + +“一直穿过了树林，你瞧，这些小野水仙花不是很可爱么？想一想，它们是从泥土中出来的！” + +“还不是从空气里和阳光里出来的。”他说。 + +“但是在泥土中形成的。”她反驳他说，自己有点惊异着能反驳得这么侠。 + +第二天午后，她又回一到树林里去。她沿着落叶松树丛中的那条弯曲而上知的大马路走去，直至一个被人叫做和约翰并的泉源。在这山坡上，冷气袭人，落叶松的树荫下，并没有一朵花儿。但是那冰冷的泉源，却在它的自里带红的纯洁的细石堆成的小井床上，幽烟地涌着。多么冰冷，清澈，而且光亮！无疑地那晰来的守猎人添放了些小石子。她听着溢出的水，流在山坡上，发着叮略的细微声。这声音甚至比那落叶松林的嘶嘶的怒号声更高，落时松林在山坡上，遍布着忿怒的、无叶的、狞恶的暗影。她听见好象一些渺小的水铃在鸣着。 + +这地方阴森得有些不祥的样子，冷而且潮湿。可是，几个世界以来，这井一定曾经是人民钢水的地方，现在再也没有人到这里来饮水了。阂围的小空地是油绿的，又冷又凄惨。 + +她站了起来，慢慢地步回家去，一边走着，她听见了右边发着轨微的敲击声，她站着静听。这是锤击声还中一只啄木鸟的啄木声？不，这一定是锤击声。 + +她继续走路，一边听着，她发现了在小杉树的中间，有一条狭窄的小径，一条迷失的小径。一条迷失的小径，但是她觉得这条小径是被人走过的，她冒险地沿这小径上走去，那两旁的小杉树，不久便要给老橡林淹没了，锤击的声音，在充满着风的小杉树，不久使要给老橡林淹没了。锤击的声音，在充满着风的树林之静默中——因为树木甚至在它们的风声中，也产生一种静默——愈来愈近。 + +她看见了一个幽秘的小小的空地，和一所粗木筑成的幽秘的小屋，她从来没有到过这儿的！她明白了这是养育幼稚的幽静的地方，那守猎的人，只穿着衬衣，正跪在地上用铁锤锤击着什么，狗儿向她走了过来，尖锐地疾疾地吠着，守猎人突然地指起头来，看见了她。他的眼睛里表现着惊愕的神气。 + +他站了起来向她行礼，静默地望着她，望着她四肢无力地走了近来，他埋怨她不该侵犯了他的孤独，这孤独是他所深爱，而认为是他生命里唯一的和最后的自由。 + +’我奇怪着迷锤声是怎么来的。”她说着，觉得自己无办，而气急。而后有点怕他因为他晕佯直直地望着她。 + +“我正准备些小鸟儿用的笼子。”他用沉浊的土话说。 + +她不知怎么说好，而且她觉得软弱无力。 + +“我想坐一会儿。”她说。 + +“到这小屋里坐坐吧。”他说着，先她走到小屋里去，把些废木树推在一边。拖出了一把榛树枝做的粗陋的椅子。 + +“要绘你生点吗？”她答道。 + +便是化望着她的两手：这两只手冷得有些蓝了。于是他迅速地拿了些松枝放在屋隅的小夸炉里，一会儿，黄色的火焰便向烟囱里直冒。他在那火炉的旁边替她安顿了一个位子。 + +“坐在这儿暖一暖吧。”他说。 + +她服从着。他有着一种慈爱的保护者的威严，使他马上听从。她坐了下来，在火焰上暖着两手，添着树枝，而他却在外边继续着工作。她实在不愿意坐在那儿，在那角落里火旁边藏匿着，她宁愿站在门边去看他的工作。但是她巳受着人家的款待，那么她只好服从。 + +小屋里是很舒适的，板壁是些没有上漆的松木做的。在她坐的椅子旁，有一张小桌子，一把粗陋的小凳，一条木匠用的长板凳，还有一日大木箱，一些工具，新木板，钉子和各种各样的东西挂在钩子上，大斧、小斧、几个捕兽的夹子，几袋东西和他的外衣，那儿并没有窗户，光线是从开着的门边进来的，这是一个杂物的储藏室，但同时却也是一个小小的庇护所。 + +她听着锤击声，这并不是一种愉快的声音，他是不高兴的。一个女人！侵犯了他的自由与孤独，这是多么危险的侵犯！他在这大地上所要的，便是孤独，他是到了这步田地的人了，但是，他没有力量去保卫他的孤独；他只是一个雇佣的人，而这些人却是他的主子。 + +尤其是，他不想再和一个女人接触了，他惧怕，因为过去的接触使他得了一个大大的创伤。他觉得，要是他不能孤独，要是人不让他孤独，他便要死，他已经完全与外界脱离了；他的最后藏身处便是这个树林：把他自己藏在那儿！ + +康妮把火生得这样的猛，她觉得温暖起来了一会儿她觉得热起来了。她走出门边从而在一张小凳上，望着那个工作着的人。他好象没有注意她，但是他是知道她在那儿的．不过他仍然工作着，似乎很专心地工作着，他的褐色的狗儿坐在他的旁边，视察着这不可信任的世界。 + +清瘦、沉静、而又敏捷，那人把笼子做好了，把它翻了过去，试着那扇滑门，然后把它放在一边。然后他站了起来，去取了一只旧笼子，把它放在刚才工作着的所板上。他蹲伏着，试着止面的木棒是不是坚实，他把其中的几根折断了，又开始把钉子拨出来，然后他把木笼前后翻转着考量，他一点儿也不露着他觉察了有一个女人在那儿。 + +康妮出神地望着他。那天当他裸体的时候她所觉得的那种孤独，她现在能在他的衣服下感觉出来：又孤独，又专心，他象一只孤独地工作着的动物。但是他也深思默虑着，象一个退避的灵魂，象一个退避一切人间关系的灵魂。即在此刻，他就静默地、忍耐地躯避着她。这么一个热情的躁急的国子的这种静默，这种无限的忍耐，使康妮的子宫都感动了。她可以从他俯着的头。他的又敏捷又姻静的两只手和他那纤细多情的弯着的腰部看出这些来，那儿有着什么忍耐着退缩着的东西，她觉得这个人的经验比她自已的深广，深广得多了。也许比她的还要残酷。想到了这个倒使她觉得轻松起来，她差不多觉得自己没有负什么责任了。 + +这样．，她坐在那小屋的门边，做梦似的，全失了时间和环境的知觉。她是这样地仿佛着，他突然地向她望了一望，看见了她脸上那种十分静穆和期待的神情。在他，这是一种期待的神情，骤然地，他仿佛觉得他的腰背有一支火馅在扑着，他的心里呻吟起来，他恐怖着，拒绝着一切新的密切的人间关系。他最切望的便是她能走开，而让他孤独着，他惧怕她的意志，她的女性的意志，她的新女性的固执，尤其是，他惧怕她的上流社会妇女的泰然自若、果敢无畏的您情任性。因为毕竟我只是一个佣人，他憎恨她出现在这个小屋里。 + +康妮忽然不安地醒转过来，她站了起来，天色已经黄昏了；但是她不能走开。她向那人走了过去，他小心翼翼地站着，他的憔悴的面孔僵硬而呆滞，他注视着她。 + +“这儿真舒服，真安静。”她说，“我以前还没有来过呢。” + +“没来过么？” + +“我看我以后不时还要到这儿来坐坐。” + +“是吗？” + +“你不在这儿的时候，是不是把这屋门锁起的？” + +”是的，夫人” + +“你认为我也可以得一片钥匙么？这样我便可以不时来坐坐。钥匙有两片没有？” + +“据我知道，并没有两片。” + +他又哼起他的土话来了。康妮犹豫着：他正在反对她了。但是，难道这小屋是他的么？ + +“我们不能多弄一片钥匙么？”她用温柔的声音问道，这是一个妇人决意要满她的要求时的声音。 + +“多弄一片！”他一边说，一边用一种忿怒和嘲弄的混合的眼光望着她。 + +“是的，多做一片同样的。”她说，脸红着。 + +“也许克利福男爵另有一片吧。”他用土话说。 + +“是的！”她说，“他也许另有一片，要不我们可以照你那片另做一片，想想那用不了一天的工夫，在这一天内你可以不那钥匙吧？” + +我可不能说，夫人！我不认识这附近谁会做钥匙的。” + +康妮气得通红起来。 + +“好吧！”她说，“我自己管去。” + +“是的，夫人。” + +他们的视线遇着，他的眼睛是冷酷的，险恶的，充满着厌恶和侮蔑，漠然于未来的事情。她的眼睛则含恨的，盛她的。 + +但是，她的心里是难过的，她看见了当她反对他时，他是多么地厌恶她。她担负了他是在一种失望的神情中。 + +“再会吧！” + +“再会，夫人！”——他行了一个礼碎然地转身走了。 + +她把他心里隐忧着和狂暴的旧恨——那对于坚执的妇人的愤怒——撩醒了，而他是无力反抗的，莫可奈何的，他知道这个！ + +她呢，她对于男怕的固执也感到愤怒。尤其是一个仆人！她忧闷地、带恨地回到家里。 + +她看见波尔敦太太在那棵大山毛榉树下等着她。 + +“我正不知道你什么时候回来，夫人。”她快活地说。 + +“我回来晚了吧。”她妮问道。 + +“啊……不过克利福男爵等着喝茶罢了。” + +“那么你为什么不替他弄呢？” + +“啊，我觉得我的位子不适合那种职务哟，并且我不相信克利福男爵会喜欢的，夫人。” + +“我不明白他为什么会不喜欢。”康妮说。 + +她进里面书房里去会克利福，那把旧的铜开水壶正在扎盘上开着。 + +“我来晚了吧，克利福？，”她说着，把她采的几朵花安置了，再把茶叶罐取了来，她站在扎盘旁边，帽子没有取下，围巾也还在颈上。“我真抱歉！为什么你不叫波太太弄茶呢？” + +“我没有想到这个。”他冷嘲地说，“我不太觉得她在茶桌上执行主妇的职务是合适的。” + +“啊，拿银茶壶来斟茶，并不见得怎么神圣。”康妮说。他奇异地望着她。 + +“你整个下午做什么来？” + +“散散步，坐在一个背风的地方休息。你知道大冬青树上还有小果子吗？” + +她把她的肩披除了，但是还戴着帽子。她坐下去弄着茶。烤的面包一定已软韧不脆了。她把茶壶套于套上茶壶，站起来去找一个小玻璃杯，把她的紫罗兰花放在，可怜的花作，在柔软的枝头低垂着。 + +“他们会活转来的！”她一边说，一边把杯子里的花端在他的面前让他闻。 + +“比朱诺的眼睑还要温馨。”他引起了这句话说。 + +“我觉得这句诗和这些紫罗兰一点关系也没有。”她说，“伊丽莎自时代的人都是有些空泛不着边际的。” + +她替他斟着茶。 + +户约翰井过去不远，那个养育幼雉的小屋，你知道有第二片钥匙吗？” + +“也许有吧，为什么？” + +“我今天无意中发现了这个地方——以前我从不晓得有这么一个地方的，我觉得那儿真可爱，我不时可以到那里去坐坐，是不是？” + +“梅乐士也在那里吗？” + +“是的！就是他的铁锤声使我发现那小屋的。他似乎很不乐意我去侵犯了那个地方。当我问他有没有第二片钥匙时，他差不多唐突起来了。” + +“他说了什么？” + +“啊，没有什么。只是他那对人的态度，他说钥匙的事他全不知道。” + +“在我父亲的书房里也许有一片吧。这些钥匙白蒂斯都认得，所有钥匙都在那里。我得叫他去找出来。” + +“啊，劳驾您！”她说。 + +“哎，你刚才不是说梅乐士差不多唐突起来了么？” + +“啊，那是值不得谈起的，真的！但是我相信他是不太喜欢我在他的宫堡里自由出入的。” + +“我也这样想。” + +“但是我不明白为什么不呢？毕竟那又不是他的家。那又不是他的私人住宅。我不明白为什么要是我喜欢时，我不能到那儿去坐坐？” + +“的确！”克利福说，“这个人，他自视太高了。” + +“你觉得他是这样的人么？” + +无疑的，他是这样的一个人！他认为他是一个特别的人。你知道他曾经娶过一个女人，因为和她台不来，他便在一九一五年那年人了伍，而被派到印度去。不管怎样，他曾在埃及的马队里当过一时的蹄铁匠，他常常管着马匹，这一点他是能干的。以后，一个驻印度军的上校看上了他，把他升做一个中尉的军官，是的，他们把他升为一个军官。他跟他的上校回印度去，在西北部弄了一个位了。他在那里得了病，于是他得了一份恤金，他大概是去年才离开军队的吧。这当然喽，象他这种人要回到从前的地位去是不容易的事，但是他倒能尽他的职务，至少关于我这里的事他是能尽职的。不过，我是不喜欢看见他摆出中尉梅乐士的样子的。”’ + +“他讲的是一日德尔贝的话．他们怎么能把他升为一个军官呢？” + +’呵，他的土话是他觉得要说晨才说的，象他这种人，他能说很正确的英语的。我想他以为自己既重陷在这种地位是，便最好说这种地位的人所说的话罢了。” + +“为什么这些事你以前不对我说？” + +“啊，这些浪漫史我是厌烦的，浪漫史是破坏一切秩序的，发生浪漫史是万分可借的。” + +康妮觉得同意于这种说法，这些无得可以适合的、不知足的人，有什么用处？ + +好天气继续着，克利福也决意到树林里去走走。风欧来是冷的，但并不令人疲惫，而且阳光象是生命的本身一样，又温暖又充实。 + +“真奇怪，”康妮说，“在一个真正新鲜而清朗的日子里，人觉得多么的不同，普通的时候，一个人觉得甚至空气都是半死的。人们正在连空气都拿来毁灭了。” + +“你这样想么？”他问道。” + +“是人，我这样想，各种各样的人的许多烦恼、不满和愤怒的气氛，把空气里的生气毁灭了。这是毫无可疑的。” + +“也许是空气的某种情况把人的生气削减了吧？” + +“不，是人类把宇宙摧残了。”她断言道。 + +“他们把自己的巢窠摧残了。”克利福说。 + +小车子前进着，在擦树的矮林中，悬着些淡金色的花絮，在太阳晒着的地方，白头翁盛开着，仿佛在赞赏着生之欢乐，正如往日人们能够和它们一同赞赏的时候一样，它们隐约地发着苹果花香。康妮采了一些给克利福。 + +他接在手里，奇异地望着这些花。 + +“啊，您啊，您是末被奸污的幽静的新妇……”他引了这句诗说，“这句待与其用在希腊瓶上，似乎远不如且在这些花上适合。” + +“奸污是个丑恶的宇！”她说，“这是人类把一切事物奸污了。” + +“啊，我可不知道，但是蜗牛们……” + +“甚至蜗牛们也不过只知道啮食，而蜜蜂们并不把东西奸污呢。” + +她对他生气起来，他把每佯东西都变成空虚的字眼。紫罗兰拿来比未诺的眼睑，白头翁拿来比未被奸污的新妇。她多么憎恨这些空虚的字，它们常常站在她和生命之间：这些现成的字句，便是奸污者，它们吮听着一切有生命的东西的精华。 + +这次和克利福的散步，是不太欢挟的。他和康妮之间，有着一种紧张的情态，两个人都假装着不去留意，但是紧张的情态是存在着的。骤然地，她用着女子的本能的全力，把他摆脱，她要从他那里摆脱出来。尤其要从他的“我”从他的空虚的字句，从他的自我的魔力中，从他的无限的单调的自我的魔力中解脱出来．天又开始下雨了，但是，下了一两天后，她冒着围走到林中去，一进了树林，她便向那小屋走去。雨下着，但天气并不玲，在这朦胧的雨天中，树林是这样地寂静，这样地隔绝，这样地不可亲近。 + +她来到了那块空旷的地方，一个人都没有！小屋门是锁着的。她坐在那粗陋的门檐下的门槛上。蜷伏在她自己的暖气里。她这样静坐着，望着霏霏的雨，听着雨滴的无声的声，听着风在树枝上的奇异的叹息，而同时却又仿佛没有风似的，老橡树环立着，它们的灰色的有力的树干给雨湿成黑色，圆圆的，充满着生命，向四阂进发着豪放的树枝，地上并没有什么细树乱草。有的是繁衍的白头翁，一两株矮树、香木、或雪球树，和一堆淡紫色的荆棘。在白头翁的绿衣下面，衰老而焦红的地方。末被奸污！而全世界却都被奸污了。“某种东西是不能被奸污的，你不能奸污一罐沙丁鱼，许多女子象罐里的沙丁鱼，许多男子也是一样，但是她的内在的、怨恨的、不可拒抗的力量压着她，使她象麻痹了似地钉在那儿。 + +被奸污！唉！一个人是可以不待被人摸触而被奸污的！一个人是可以被那些淫秽的死字眼和鬼缠身似的死理想奸污的！ + +一只褐色的雨琳湿了的狗，跑着走了前来，它并不吠，只是举着它的湿尾巴。守猎人跟在后面，穿着一件象车夫穿的黑油布的给雨淋湿的短外衣，脸孔有点红热，她觉得当他看见了她时疾速的步伐退顿了一下，她在门搪下那块狭小的干地上站了起来，他无言地向地行个礼，馒慢地走上前来，她准备要走开了。 + +“我正要走了。”她说。 + +“你是等着要进里面去么？”他用土话说道。他望着小屋，并不望着康妮。 + +“不，我只坐在这儿避避雨。她尊严地、镇静地说。 + +他向她望着，她象是觉得冷的样子。 + +“那么，克利福男爵没有另一片钥匙么？”他问道。 + +“没有。但是没有关系。我很可以在这屋搪下避雨的，再见！”她恨他的满口的土话。 + +当她走开时，他紧紧地望着她，他掀起了他的外衣，从他的袋里，把小屋门的钥匙取了出来。 + +“你还是把这片钥匙拿去吧，我会另外找个地方养幼雉去。” + +她望着他问道：“这是什么意思？” + +“我说我会另外找个地方养幼雉去，要是你到这儿来，大概你不喜欢看见我在你的旁边。老是来来往往，忙这忙那的。” + +她望着他，明白了他的模糊不表的土话的意思，。她冷淡地说： + +“为什么你不说大家说的英语？” + +“我？我以为我说的是大家说的英语呢。” + +她忿怒地静默了一会。 + +“那么，要是你要这钥匙，你还中拿去吧。或者，我还是明天再交给你吧，让我先把这地方清理出来，你觉得好不好？”’ + +她更气了。 + +“我不要你的钥匙，”她说：“我不要你清理什么东西出来。我一点也不想把你从这小屋里赶走，谢谢你！我只要不时能到儿来坐坐，象今天一样，但是我很可以坐在这门檐下。好了，请你不要多说了。” + +“他的两只狡猾的蓝眼睛又向她望着。 + +“但是，”他用那沉浊的迂缓的土话说，“小屋是欢迎夫人来的，钥匙是她的，其他一节都是她的。不过，在这个季节，我得饲养小雉，我得忙这忙那的。如果在冬天，我便差不多用不着到这小屋里来。但是现在是春不了，而克利福男爵要我开始养些雄鸡……夫人到这儿来时，无疑地不愿意我老是在她周围忙忙碌碌。” + +她在一种朦胧的惊愕中听着他。 + +“你在这里于我有何关系呢？”她问道。 + +“这是我自己要觉得碍事！”他简单地但是意味深长地说。她的脸红了起来。 + +“好！”她最后说，我妨碍你好了，但是我觉得从而在这儿，看你管理着站雄鸡，于我一点也没有关系，而且我还喜欢呢，但是你既以为这是碍你的事，我便不丙妨碍你好了，你不要害怕了，你是克利福男爵的守猎而不是我的。” + +这句话是奇异的，她自己也不知道她为什么说出了这样的话。 + +“不，夫人，这小屋于是夫人的，夫人随时喜欢怎样就怎样。你可以在一星期前通知我把我辞退了，只是…… + +“只是什么？”她不知所措地问道。 + +他怪可笑地把帽子向后推了一推。 + +“只是，你来这里时，尽可以要求这小屋子你一个人用，尽可以不愿意我在这儿忙这忙那的。” + +“但是为什么？”她恼怒地，说“你不是个开化了的人么？”你以为我应该怕你么？为什么我定要留心你和你的在与不在？难道那有一点儿关系么？ + +他望着她，脸上显着乖戾的笑容。 + +“没有的，夫人，一点儿关系也没有的。”他说。 + +“那么，为什么呢？”她问道。 + +“那么，我叫人另做一片钥匙给夫人好吗？” + +“不，谢谢！我不要。” + +“无论如何我另做一片去，两片钥匙好些。” + +“我订为你是个鲁莽的人！”康妮说，脸红着，有些气急了。 + +“啊，啊！”他忙说道，“你不要这样说！啊，啊！我是不含坏意的，我只是想，要是你要到这儿来，我便搬迁，而在旁的地方另起炉灶，那是要花好大的功夫的，但是如果夫人不要理会我，那么……小屋子是克利福男爵的，而一切都听夫人的指挥，听夫人的便，只要汉我在这儿做这做那的时候，夫人不要理会我就完了。” + +康妮迷乱得莫名其妙地走开了。她不知道自己究竟是不是绘他侮辱了，是不是给他极端干了，也许他说的话并不含有什么坏意，也许他不是要说，如果她去那小屋里，她便要他避开。好象她真有这个意思似的！好象他那傻子在不在那里，有什么关系似的！ + +她在纷乱的屋中回家去，不知道自己在想着什么，感觉着什么。 + + + + + +第九章 + + +康妮惊讶着自己对于克利福的厌恶的感觉，尤其是，她觉得她一向就深深地讨厌他。那不是恨，因为这其中是并没有什么热情的，那是一种肉体上的深深的厌恶，她似乎觉得她所以和他结婚，正因为她厌恶他，一种不可思仪的肉体的上厌恶他，则实际上，她所以和他结婚，是因为他在精神上摄引她，兴奋她的缘故。在某种情形之下，他好象是比她高明，”是她的支配者。 + +现在，精神上的摄引已经衰萎了，崩溃了，她所感到的只是肉体上的厌恶了。这种厌恶从她的心的深处升起，她体悟了她的生命曾经给这兢兢业业恶的感觉怎样地咀食着。 + +她觉得自己毫无力量，而且完全地孤独无诊了。她希望有什么外来的救援，但是整个世界中并没有可以救援的人。社会是可怕的，因为它是癫狂的。文明的社会产癫狂的。金钱和所谓爱情，便是这个社会的两个狂欲，其中金钱尤为第一，在混沌的疯狂里，个人在这两种狂欲中——金钱与爱情中——追逐着。看着蔑克里斯！他的生活，他活动，只是癫狂罢了。他的爱情也是一种癫狂症。 + +克利福也是一样，所有他的谈话，所有他的作品，所有他的使他自己飞黄腾达的狂野的挣扎！这一切都是癫狂，事情却越见坏下去，而成了真正的狂病了。 + +康妮觉得惊怕得麻木了。但是还好，克利福对她的操纵，改向波尔敦太太施展，她觉得轻松了许多，这一点是克利福自己不知道的，好象许多癫狂着一样，他的癫狂可以从他所不自知的事物的多少看出来，可以从他的意识的大空虚看出来。 + +波太太态度在许多事情上是可钦佩的，但是她有一种驾驭他人怪癣和坚持自己的意志的无限的固执，这是新妇女们的一个癫狂的标志。她相信自己是全身全心地尽忠于他人。克利福使她觉得迷惑，因为他常常或一直使她的意志挫折，好象他的本能比她的更精细似的，是的，他比她有着更精细更微妙的坚持意志的固执性，这便是克利家庭副业这惑的地方吧。 + +“今天天气多么美好！”有时波太太要用这种迷人的动听的声音说，“我相信你今天坐着小车子出去散散步，一定要觉得写意的，多美丽的太阳！” + +“是么？给我那本书吧——那边。那本黄皮的。哎，把那些玉簪花拿开吧！” + +“为什么，这样好看花！它们的香味简直是迷人的。” + +“恰恰是那味道我不爱闻，我觉得有些殡葬的味道。” + +“你觉得么？”她惊讶地听道，有点觉得恼怒，但是被他的威严压服了，她把玉簪花拿了出去，深觉深觉得他的难于应付。 + +“今天要我替你刮脸呢，还是你喜欢自己刮呢？”老是那种温柔的，阿澳的，但是调度有方的声音。 + +“我不知道。请你等一会吧。我准备好了再叫你。” + +“是的，克利福男爵！”她温柔地、屈服地答道。然后静静地退发出去，但是每次的挫折，都增强了她的意志。 + +过了一会他按铃时，她马上便到他那里去。他便要说： + +“我想今天还是你替我刮脸吧。” + +她听了心里微微地颤动起来，她异常温柔地答道： + +“是的，克利福男爵！” + +她是很伶俐的，她的抚触是温柔的，缠绵的，而又有点迂缓的，起初，她的手指在他的脸上的这种无限的温柔的抚触，渐渐地她的手指尖熟悉了克利福的脸颊和嘴唇，下含和颈项了，他是个养尊处优的人，他的脸孔和咆部是够好看的，而且他是一位贵绅。 + +她也是个漂亮的妇人，她的苍白的有点强长的脸孔，非常肃穆；差不多是用着爱情，她可以提着他的咽喉，而他好对她驯服起来了。 + +她现在是什么都替他做了。他也觉得在她物里比在康妮手里更自然、更无羞赧地去接受她的卑贱的服役了。好喜欢管理他的事情，她爱担任他的身体上的所有的事情，至于最微贱的工作。有一天，她对康妮说： + +“当你深深地认识他们的时候，一切男子实在都是些婴孩。啊，我看护过达娃斯哈矿里最可怕最难对付的工人，但是他们一有什么痛苦，而需要你的看护的时候，他们便成为婴陕，只是些大婴孩罢了。啊，所有的男子都是差不多的。” + +起初，波尔敦太太相信，一位贸绅，一位真正的贵绅，如克利福男爵，是会有什么不同的，所以克利福开始占了上风，但是渐渐地，如她所说的，当她深深地认识了他的时候，她发觉他并不异于他人，只是一个有着大人的身体的婴孩罢了，不过这个婴孩的性情是怪异的，举止上斯文的。他富有威权，他有种种她所毫无而他能够用以驾驭她的奇异的知识。 + +有时康妮很想对克利福说： + +“天哟！不要这样可怕地深陷在这个妇人的手里吧！”但是，她并没有说出来，因为她始终觉得她并不怎么把他放在心里。 + +他们俩依旧守着从前的习惯，晚上直到点钟，是要在一起度过的，他们谈着，或一起读着书，或校阅着他的草稿。但是此中的乐趣早山消失了，他的草稿使康妮烦厌，但是她还是尽她的义务，替他用打字机抄录着，不过，不要等待多时，那奖是波太太来做这工作了。 + +因为康妮对波太太来做这工作了。 + +因为康妮对疲太太提议过她应该学习打字，波太太是随时都准备着动手的人，她马上便开始了，而且勤勉地练习着，现在，克利福有时口念着一封信叫她打，她可以打出来了，虽然是有点缓慢，但是没有错了，他很有耐性地把难宇和遇着要用法文时一个个的字母念给她。她是这样的兴奋，所以教授她差不多可说是一件乐事了。现在，晚饭过后，有时康妮便借口头痛到楼上房里去了。 + +“啊，不要担心，你回房里去休息，亲爱的。” + +但是她走了不久，他便按铃叫波太太来一玩皮克或齐克纸牌戏，甚至下象棋了，他把这些游戏都教给了她；康妮觉她波太太那种红着兴奋得象女孩子似的样子，手指怪不安地举着他的棋子又不敢动的样子，真是难看，克利福用着一种优胜者的半嘲弄的微笑，对她说： + +“你应当说：我调子了！” + +她的光亮的惊异的眼睛望着他，然后含郑地驯服地低声说： + +“我调子了！” + +是的，他正教育着她，他觉得这是一件快乐的事，这给他一种权威的感觉。而她呢，也觉她迷醉，而同时，她使他觉得需要她在身边，她的天真的迷醉，对他是一种微妙的深深的阿瘐。 + +康妮呢，她觉得克利福的真面目显露出来了：他有点肥胖臃肿，有点庸俗，平凡，并没有什么才气，波太太的把戏和她的谦卑的威风，也太透明了，不过康妮所奇怪的便是这个妇人从克利福那里所得到的天真的迷醉，说她是爱上了他，这是不对的，他是一位上流社会的人，一位有爵衔的贵绅，一个相片在许多画报上登着，能够写书吟诗的人。他只是觉得和这第一个人亲近，使他迷醉罢了，她迷醉到了一种怪异的热情的地步。他的“教育”她，对她所引起的一种兴奋的热情，是比恋爱所能引起的更深更大的。实际上，不可能有爱情的活动，跟另种热情——知识的热情，和他一样有知识的热情一道，使她迷醉到骨髓里。 + +在某一点上，毫无疑义这妇人是钟爱他了：姑无论我们把钟爱两字怎样看法，她看起来是这样漂亮，喧佯年轻，她的灰色的眼睛有时是迷人的，而同时，她还有一种隐忧的温柔的满足样子，那几乎是得意的、秘密的满足。咳！这种秘密的满足，康妮觉得多么讨厌但是克利福之深陷于这个妇人的手中，是无足惊异的！她深深地坚持地爱慕他，全心全身地服侍他，使他可以任意地使用她。他觉得被馅媚，是无可惊奇的了。 + +康妮详细地听着他们俩的谈话，大部分是波太太在说话，她对他说着一大堆达娃斯哈村里的闲话，那是比闲话甚的，什么格丝太太、佐治。爱里欧、美福小姐凑在一起。关于平民生活的事情，只要波太太一开口，那是比一切书本都详细的，所有这些平民都是她所深悉的，她对他们的事情是这样的感觉兴趣，这样的热心。听她说话是令人叹服的，虽然那未免有点儿屈辱，起初，她不敢对克利福“说起达娃斯哈”——这是她自己的口吻，但是一说起了就多么起劲！克利福听着，是为找“材料”，他觉得其中的材料有的是，康妮明白了他的所谓天才就是：知道利用闲话的一种伶俐的能干，聪明，而外表则装作满不在乎。波太太，当然“说起达娃斯哈”来是很起劲的。甚至酒滔不绝的，什么事情她不知道！她很可以说出十二部书的材料来呢。 + +康妮很迷愕地听着她。但是听了后又常常觉得有点羞耻。她不应该这样好奇地、津津有味地听着她的。不过，听他的人最秘密的故事毕竟是可以的，只要用、种尊敬的心听着，用一种体贴的锐敏的心，去同情于挣扎受苦的人的灵魂。因为，甚至笑谑也是同刁的一种形式呢，真正的定夺我们的生命的。东西，便是盾我们怎样广布或同缩我们的同情、这点便是一篇好小说之最重要的地方。它——小说，能够引导我们的同情心流向新的地境，也能够把我们同情心从腐朽的东西引退。所以，好小说能够把生命最秘密处启示出来，因为生命中之热情的秘密处，是最需要锐敏的感悟之波涛的涨落，去作一番澄清和振作的工作的。 + +但是小说也和闲话一样，能够兴奋起虚伪的同情，而为灵魂的机械的致翕伤。小说能够把最龌龊的感情瘭崇起来，虽然这种感情在世人的眼中是“纯洁”的，于是小说和闲话一样，终于成为腐败了。而且和闲话一样，因为常常地假装着站在道学方面说话，尤其是腐败不堪了。波外部设备太太的闲话，是常常站在道学方面说的。’他是这么一个‘坏’男子，她是这么一个‘好’女人。”这种话常常不离她的口，因此康妮从波太太的闲话里，能够看出妇人只是一个甜言蜜语的东西，男于是太忠厚的人，但是根据波太太那种错误的、世俗的同情心的指引，太忠厚使一个男子成为“坏”人，而甜言蜜语使一个妇人成为“好”人。 + +这便是听了闲话使人觉得耻辱的缘故，这也是多数的小说，尤其是风行的小说，使人读了觉得耻辱的缘故，现在的民众只喜欢迎合他们的腐败心理的东西了。 + +虽然，波太太的闲话，使人对达娃斯哈村得了一个新认识，那种丑恶的生活多么龌龊可怖！全不象从表面上所见地那么平淡所有这些闲话中的主人翁，自然都是克利福所面熟的，康妮只能知道一二。听着这些生活故事，人要觉得那是在一个中非洲的野林中，而不象在一个英国的村中。 + +“我想恢们已经听见爱尔苏女士在前星期结了婚吧，谁想得到！爱尔苏女士，那老鞋匠詹姆士。爱尔苏的女儿。你知道他们在源克罗起了一所房子。老头儿是去年摔发地跋死的；他八十三岁了，却精健得象一个孩子似的，分在北士乌山上一条孩子们在冬做的滑冰道上摔了一跤，把大腿折断了，那便完结了他的生命。可怜的老头儿，真是可怜，好，他把所有的钱都传给黛蒂了，他的男孩子们却一枚铜板都没有得到！黛蒂呢，我是知道的，她长五岁，……是的，她去年秋天是五十三岁。你知道他们都是些很信教的人，真人！艰险父亲死后，她开始和一个琴卜绿的男子来往，我不知道你们认识他不，他叫威尔谷，是一个红鼻子。够好看，上了年纪的人，他在哈里孙的木厂里做工，好，他至少有六十五岁了；但是如果你看见了他们俩臂挽着臂，和在大门口接吻的情形你要以为他们是一对年青的鸳鸯呢！是人，在正对着派克罗的大路的窗口上，她坐在他的膝上，谁都可以瞧得见。他是有了几个四十岁以上的儿子的人了，他的太太的死去，也不过是两年前的事呢！如果那老詹姆士·爱尔苏没有从坟墓里爬出来生她的气，那是因为他出不来；他生前对她是很严厉的！现在他们结了婚了，到琴卜绿去任了。人们说，她从早至晚都穿着一件睡衣跑来跑去，多不体面的事！真的，我敢说这些上了年纪的人的行为是不体面的！他们比年轻的人更坏，更令人厌恶呢。我常说：去看好的有益的电影戏，但是天啊，不要去看那些情剧和恋爱片，无论如何，不要让孩子们去看！但是事实上，大人比孩子更坏，而老年人尤其坏！说起什么道德不，没有人会理会你人，人们是喜欢怎样做就怎样做，我不得不说，他们是无所谓道德不道德的。但是在这样的年头儿，他们不得不把风头收敛一下了，现在矿务不景气，他们也没有我了，他们的抱怨是令人骇怕的，尤其是妇女们。男子们都是这样的好，这样的忍耐！他们可有什么办法，这些可怜虫！但是妇女们呢，啊，他们还是继续下去，她们凑着钱去绘玛丽公主的结婚送礼，但是当她们看见了公主所得的礼物都是些华贵堂皇的东西时，她们简直气疯了，她是谁，难道她比我们更值钱？为什么史磺爱格公司①给了她六件皮外套，而不给我一件？我真侮气出了十先令！我奇怪我出了十先令给她，她要给我什么东西？我的父亲的收入这样少，我甚至想一件春季外套都买不起，，而她却几车几车地收。现在是时候了，穷人们应得些钱来花，富人们是享福享得够了，我需要一件新的春季外套，我实在需要，但是我怎么才能得到呢？我对她们说：“算了，得不到你所想的这些艳丽的东西，也就算了，你能吃得饱穿得暖已经是四天之福了，而她们却驳我说：“为什么玛丽公主并不穿上她的破旧衣裳说四天之福呢？还要我们别介意！象她这样的人，收着几车几车的衣裳，我却不能得一件春季的新外套，这真是奇耻大辱，一位公主！一位公主就能这样！那都是钱作怪，因为她有的是钱，所以人便越多给她！虽没有人给我钱，但我和他人有同样的权利呢，不要对我说什么教育，钱才是好东西，我需要一件春季的新外套，我实在需要，但我不会得到的，因为我没有钱……” + +她们所关心的，便是衣裳。她们觉得拿七八个金镑去买一件冬季季的外套——你要知道她们只是些矿工的女儿们哟——两个金镑去买一顶夏天的孩子帽。中很当然的，她们戴着两金镑的帽子到教堂里去。这些女儿们。要是在我年轻的时候，她们只要有一顶三先令帽子，已经要骄傲了！听说今年监理会派的教堂举行纵会时，他们要替礼拜日学校的孩子们建造一种讲坛似的太平台，高到天花板一样高，那礼拜日学校女手第一班的教员谭荪女士对我说，咳，这平台上的人穿的许多新的礼拜衣裳，价值定在一千镑以上！时候是这么不景气！但是你不能阻挡她们这么干。她们对一于衣裳装饰品颠狂的，男孩们也是一样：他们找的钱全都花在他们自己身上：衣服，烟，酒，一星期两三次跑到雪非尔德去胡闹。唉！世界变了，所有这些青年，都无所忌惮，无所尊敬了，上了年纪的男子们，便都是那么柔顺，那么顺心。真的，他们让妇女们把士切都拿去。事情所以便到了这步田地。妇女们真是些恶魔呢，但是青年儿子们都不象他们的父亲了。他们什么都不能缺少，什么都不能牺牲，他们是一要都为自己，要是你对他们说，应廖省点钱成个家，他们便说：那用着着急，我要及时享乐，其余一切都用不着着急。啊，他们是多么鲁莽，自私！一切都让老年人去干，一切都越来越糟了。” + +克利福对于他的本村开始有个新认识了他常常惧怕这个地方；但是他相信安隐无事的。现在…… + +“村人中社会主义和波尔雪维克主义很盛行吗？”他问道 + +“啊，”波太太说，“听是听得见有一些人在高叫的，不过这些叫的人大都是些外部设备人钱妇女。男子们并不管这些东西的。我不相信达娃斯哈的男子会有变成赤色的一天的。他们对那种事情是太隐当了，但是年轻人有时也饶舌起来。那并不是因为他们真正有心。他们只要口袋里有点钱到酒店里去花，或到雪非尔德去胡闹，此外什么都不在他们的心上，当他们没有钱的时候，他们便去听赤党的天花乱附的宣传。但是没有人真相信。’那么你相信没有什么危险么？”’ + +“啊，没有。只要买卖不坏，危险是不会有的，但是如果事情长信地坏下去，年轻人便不免要头脑糊涂起来。我告诉你：这些都是自私的放纵坏了的孩子，但是，他们不见得会做出什么事情来的。他们无论什么事都不认真，除了坐在两轮摩托车上出风头，和到雪非尔德的跳舞厅去跳舞。没有事情会使他们正经的，最正经的人是穿着晚服到跳舞厅去，在一群女子的面前熔耀一番，跳着这些新出的却尔斯登舞，什么不干！有时公共汽车上，挤满着这些穿着晚服的青年，矿工的儿子们，到跳舞厅去，不要说其他带了女朋友乖汽车或双轮摩托车去的人了。他们对什么事都不认真……除了对于东加斯脱和黛比的赛马会：因为他们每次赛马都要去赌的。还有足球呢！但是甚至足球也不象以前了，差得远了。他们说，玩是足球太苦了，不，星期六的下午，他们订为不如乘双轮摩托车到雪非尔德或匿汀当玩去。” + +“但是他们到那里去干什么？” + +“呀，他们在那里闲荡……到讲究的茶园如美卡多一样的地方去晚上茶……带着女友到跳舞厅或电影院或皇家允院去，女孩们和男孩们一样的放流无题。她们喜欢什么便做什么的。” + +“当他们没有钱去供这种种挥霍的时候又怎么样呢。” + +“他们总象是有钱似的也不知道怎么来的，没有钱的时候，他们便开始说些难听的话了，但是，据我看来，既然这些青年男女们所要的只是金钱来供享乐和买衣裳，怎么会沾染着什么波尔雪维克。他们的头脑是不能使他们成为社会主义者的，他们不够正经，他们永不会够正经地把什么事情正经看待的。” + +康妮听着这一番话，心里想，下层阶级和其他一切阶级相象极了，随处都是一样：达娃斯哈或伦敦的贵族区梅费或根新洞都是一样。我们现在只有一个阶级了：拜金主义者，男拜金主义蜒和女拜多主义者，唯一不同的地方，就是你有多少钱和人需要多少钱罢了。 + +在波太太影响之下，克利福开始对于他的矿场发生新兴趣了，他开始觉得事情是与自已有关系的，一个新的扩展自己的需要在他心里产生了。毕竟他是达娃斯哈的真主人，煤坑，便是他。这点使他重新感到权威，那是他一向惧怕着不敢想的。 + +在达娃斯哈只有两处煤场了：一处就叫达娃斯哈，其他一处小新伦敦。从前达健斯哈是一个著名的煤场，曾内部矛盾过大钱的。但是它的黄金时代已经过去了。新伦敦从来变没有多大出息，平素不过能混过日子就是。但是瑞时候坏了，象新伦敦这种矿场是要被人放弃的了。 + +“许多达娃斯哈的男子们都跑到史德门和怀德华去了。”波太太说，“克利福男爵哟，你去史德门看过大战后成立的那些新工厂吗？啊！啊一天你得去看看，那全是些新式的设备啊，伟大的化学工厂建筑在煤坑上；那全不象是个采煤的地方了。人们说，他们从化学产品所得的钱，比煤炭所得的还要多了。人们说，他们从化学产品所得的钱，比煤炭所得的还要多……我忘记了是什么化学产品了而那些工人的宿舍，简直象王宫！附近的光棍们当然是趋之若鹜了。但是许多达娃斯哈人也到那里去了；他们在那边生活很好，比我们这里的工人还好。他们说，达娃斯哈完了，再过几年便要关闭了。而新伦敦是要先关的。老实说，如果达娃斯哈煤坑停工了，那可不是好玩的事！在罢工的时候，已经是够不幸了，但是老实说，如果真的倒完备下去，那便要象是世界的末日来到了，当我年轻的时候，这是全国顶好的煤矿场，那时在这里作工的人都要私自庆幸的。啊，达娃斯哈弄过不少钱呢！而现矿工他却说，这是一条沉着的船，大家都得离开了。真令人寒心！但是当然，不到不得已的时候，许多的不会就些离开的，他们不喜欢那些新式的，掘得很深的，用机器去工作有矿坑。有些人是看见了那些铁人——他们所起的名称——就生怕的，那些砍煤的机器代替了以前的人工。但是他们所说的话，在从前放弃人工织袜的时候就有人说过了，我记得还看见过一两架那种人工织袜机呢。但是老实说，机器越多，人也好象越多了！他们说。你不能从达娃斯哈的煤炭里取得和史德门那里一样的化学原材，那是奇怪的事，这两处煤矿相距只有三哩路。总之，这是他们所说的，但是人人都说峭想点方法改庚工人的生活，不雇用女工——所有那些每天跑到雪非尔德的女子们——那是可耻和。老实说，达娃斯哈矿场，经过这许多人说是完了，说是象一只沉着的船似地离开了……。 + +但如果复活起来，哪时谈起来一定有趣呢，但是人们什么不说呢！自然呀，当在大战的时候，什么都是蒸蒸向荣的，那时候佐佛来男爵自己把财产嘱托保管起来，这样所有的金钱才可以永远巡全下去，我也不明白怎样，这是人们传说的！但是他们说，现在连主人和东家都得不着什么钱了。真难令人相信，可不是！我一向相信煤矿的事业是永久永久地继续下去的，当我还年轻的时候，谁想得到今日这种情形呢，但是新英格兰公司已关门了，大量高维克林公司也一样，是的，那真好看呢，如果到那小树林里去看看高维克林矿场在树木间荒芜着，煤坑下面生满了荆棘，铁轨腐锈得发红，死了的煤矿场，那是可怕得象顽强神本身一样的。天呀，要是达娃斯哈关门的话，我们将怎样呢？……那真令人不忍想象。除了罢工以外，总是挤挤拥拥的人骆在工作着，甚至罢工的时候，如果钱还没有得到手，风花还是转着的，这世界多奇怪，我们今年不知明年事，真是茫茫然网。” + +波太太的一番话，引起克利福的争斗的新精神，他的进款，流太太已指示过了，因为有他父亲的遗产，是无虞的，虽然那并不是一笔大进款。实际上，他并不真正地关心那些煤坑。他所欲夺得的是另一个世界，文学和荣耀的世界。换句话说，是名誉的成功的世界，而不是那劳工的世界。 + +现在，他明白了名誉的成功与劳工的成功之间的不同了：一个是享乐的群众，一个是劳工的群众。他呢；站在个人地位上，供给着享乐的群众以享乐的粮食——小说；这点他是成功了，但是在这享乐的群众以下，还有个狰狞、龌龊而且可怕的劳工群众。而这个群众也有他们的需要。供应这种群’众的需要，比去供应其他群众的需要是可怖得多的工作。当他写着他的小说，正在那一边发迹的时候，这一边达娃斯哈却下在碰壁了，他现在明白了成功的财神有两个主要的嗜欲：一个是著作家或艺术家一类的人所供给的馅媚、阿谀、抚慰搔爬；而另一个右怕的嗜欲是肉和骨。这财神所吃的肉和骨，是由实业上发财的人去供给的。 + +是的，有两在群的狗在争夺着财神的宏爱：一群是馏媚者，他们向她贡献着娱乐、小说、影片、戏剧；其他一群不太铺线的但是粗野得多，向供给着肉食——金钱的实质。那装饰华丽的供给娱乐的狗群，‘彼此张牙舞爪地吵嚷着争取财神的这宠爱。 + +但是比起那另一骆不可少的、内肉供给者们的你死我活地暗斗来，却又相差千里了。 + +在被太太的影响之下，克利福想去参与另一群狗的色斗了，想利用工业出品的粗暴方法，去争取财神的宠爱了，他张牙舞爪起来了。在某种程度上，是波太太激化成就了一个大丈夫，这是康妮不曾做到的，康妮玲眼旁观，并且歙他觉知他自己所处的情态，波太太使他感觉兴趣的只是外界的事物，在内心他开始软腐了，但是在外表上他却开始生活了。 + +他甚至勉强地重新回到矿场里去，他坐在一个大桷里，向矿穴里降下。他坐在一个大拥里，被人牵曳着到各得的矿洞，大战前他所尽知而似乎完全忘记了的许我事情，现在都重新显现在他目前了；他现在是残废了，端从而在那大桶里，经理用着强有力的灯光，照着矿脉给他看。他不太说话，但是他心里开始工作了。 + +他开始把关采矿工业的专门书籍重新拿来阅读；他研究着政府的公报，而且细心地阅读着德文的关于代矿学、煤炭化学及石脑油尖类化学的最新书报。当然，最有价值的发明人家是保密的。但是，当你开始探求采矿工业技术上的深奥，和研究各种方法之精密以及煤炭的一节化学可能性时，你是要惊愕近代技术精神之巧妙及其近于高的智慧的。那仿佛妖魔本身的魅幻的智慧，借给了工业的专门科学家。这种工业的专门科学，比之文学与艺术那种可怜的低能者的感情的产物有意味多了。在这园地中，人好象是神，或有灵感的妖魔，奋斗着去发现。在这种活动中，有些人精神的年龄，是高到不能计算的。但是克利福知道，这些同样的人，如果讲到他们的感情的与常人的生活状态上来，他们的精神年龄大约只有十三四岁——只是些柔弱的孩童罢了。这种天壤的相差则令人惊怖的。 + +但是管这个干吗，让人类在感情上和“人性的”精神上陷到愚钝的极端去，克利福是不关心的。让这一切都见鬼去吧。他所注意的是近代采煤工业的技术，和达娃斯哈的再造。 + +他一天一天地到矿场里去，他研究着，他把所有各部门的经理、工程师，都严厉地考询起来，这是他们从来没有梦想到的。权威！他觉得在自己的心里，滋生着一种新的权威的感觉：对所有这些人，和那内千矿工的权威。他发现了：他渐渐地把事情把握到手里来了。 + +真的，他象是再生了，现在，生命重新回到他身上来了！他以前和康妮过着那种艺术家的和自学者的孤寂的私生活，他是渐渐地萎死下去的，现在，他屏除了这一切，他让这一切睡眠去了。他简直觉得生命从煤央里从矿穴里，蓬勃地向他涌来，于是，矿场的龌龊空气也比氧气还要好了那予他以一种权威的感觉。他正开始他的事业了，他正在开始他的事业了。他就要得到了，得手了！那并不是象他用小说所得到的那种胜利，那只是竟尽精力，用尽狡猾的广告的胜利而已，他所要的是一个大丈夫的胜利。 + +起初，他相信问题的解决点是在电力方面；把煤炭变成电力，以后，又来了个新主意。德国人巳发明了一种不用火力的发动机，这发动机所用的是一种新燃料，这燃料烧起来只要很少的量，而在某种特殊的情形下，能发生很大的热力。 + +一种新的集中的燃料，烧得慢而热力又猛，这主意首先引起了克利福的注意；这种燃料，得要一种界和刺激物，光是空气的供给是不够铁，他便开始做着实验，耸得了一位聪慧的青年来帮助他，这青年在化学的研究中，是有很高的成绩的。 + +他觉得凯旋了。他锤从自我中跳出来了。他的从自我中跳出和毕生私愿已经实现了。艺术没有使他在室这个目的，反之，艺术只把他牵制了。但是现在呢？他的私愿已实现了。 + +他并不知道波太太多么扶助自己，也不知道自己是多么领先她。但是有一件显然的事，就是当他和她在于起的时候，他的声调就变成安闲亲切的，差水多有些庸俗的了。 + +和康妮在一起，他显得有点僵硬的样子，他觉得他该她一切一切的东西，所以对她尽可能地表示敬意与尊重，只要她在外表上对他还有敬意。但是很显然地，他在暗地里惧怕她。他心里的新阿咯琉斯。 + + + + + +第十章(1) + + +康妮现在十分孤独，到勒格贝不的人少了，克利福不再需要这些人。他是奇怪的，甚至一般知友他也索性不要了，他宁愿有一架无线电收音机，所以他发了不少钱安设了一架，花了不少的气力绥把机器弄好了。虽然米德兰的气候不好，但是有时他还可以听着玛德里和法兰克福的。 + +他可以连续几个钟头坐在那儿听着那扬声器的吼叫。这把康妮的头弄错了。但是他却迷幻地坐在那儿，脸上的表情是空洞的，好象一个失了灵魂扔人，听着，或名胜是呼着那无法说出的东西。 + +他真正在听？抑或那只是当他心底里有事时所用的催眠剂？康妮可不知道，她逃避到自己房屋或树林里去。有时一种恐怖占据着她，一种对于那蔓延了整个文明人类的初期狂病所生的恐怖。 + +但是现在克利福正向着这加一个实业活动的不可思仪的世界猛进了。他差不多变成了一只动物，有着一个实用的怪壳为表，一个柔软的闪髓为里，变成了一只近代实业与财政界的奇异的虾蟹，甲壳虫类的无脊动物，有着如机器似的钢甲和软闪的内部，康妮自己都觉得全摸不着头脑了。 + +她还是不能自由，因为克利福总是需要他。他怪不安宁，好象生怕被她遗弃了的样子。他里面的软浆需要她，这是一个孩子的需要，差不多可以说是一个白痴的需要。查太莱男爵夫人。他的妻子，定要留在他的身边，在勒格贝。否则他便要象白痴似的迷失在一个荒野上。 + +康妮在一种恐柿的情态中，明白了这种惊人的依赖生活。她听着克利福对他手下的经理们、董事们和青年刻学家们说话，他的聪明锐利的眼光，他的权威，他的对于这些所谓实干家们的奇异的物质的权威，使他惊骇了。他自己也成为一个实于家了，而且是这么一个异乎寻常的、锐利而有权威的实干家，一个太上的主子。康妮觉得在克利福的生命的转变关头，这些都是波太太的影响所致的。 + +但是这个锐利的实干家，一旦回到了他的个人感情生活时，他又几乎成为一个白痴了，他把康妮象神一般地敬爱，她是他的妻，一个更高的生物，他以、个崇拜偶象的心，奇异时卑贱地崇拜她，好象一个野蛮人，因为深怕甚至嫉恨神的权威而去崇拜神的偶像，一个可怖的偶像。她唯一要求的事，便是要康妮立誓不要离开他，立誓不要遗弃他。 + +“克利福，”她对他说一但这是她得到了那小屋门的钥匙以后了一“你是不是真的要我哪一天生个孩子？” + +他的灰色的有点突出的眼睛，向她望着，表示着几分不安。 + +“我是无所谓的，只要我们间不生什么变化。”他说。 + +“变化什么？”她问道。 + +“不使你我间发生变化，不使我们相互的爱情生变化，要是有什么变化的话，我是决然反对。可是，哪一天我自己也许可以有个孩子的！” + +她愕然地望着他。 + +“我的意思是说，这些日子里，我那个也许可以恢复过来的。” + +她者是愕然地望着他，他觉得不安起来。 + +“那么，要是我有个孩子，你是不愿意的了？”她说。 + +“我告诉你，”他象是一只人了穷巷的狗，赶快答道，“我十分愿意的，但要那不影响到你财我的爱情，否则我是绝对反对的。” + +康妮只好静默无言，惊惧地轻蔑地冷静着。这种谈话是白痴的呓语，她再也不知道他在说着什么了。 + +“呵！那不会影响到我对你的感情的。”她带点嘲讽的意味说。 + +“好！”他说，“关键就在这儿，如果那样的话，我是毫不介意的。我想，有个孩子在家里跑来跑去，而且知道他的伟大前程已被确定，这太可爱了。我的努力得有个目的，我得知道那是你生的小孩是不是？亲爱的，我一定也要觉得那是我生的一样，因为，这种事情，全是为了你。你知道的，是不是？亲爱的，我呢，我是毫无重要的，我是一个零，在生命的事件上，唯有你才是重要的。你知道的，是不是？我是说，要是没有你，我是绝对地一个零，我是为你和你的前程活着的。我自己是毫无重要的。” + +康妮的着他，心里的反感和厌恶越深下去。他所说的都是些败坏人类生存的可怖的半真理。一个有理智健全的男子，怎么能对一个妇人说这种话？不过男子们的理智是不健全的。一个稍为高尚的男子，怎么能把可饰的生命责任诿在一个女人身上，而让她孤零零地在空虚之中？ + +但是，半点钟后，康妮听着克利福对波太太用兴奋起劲的声音谈话，露着他自己对地这个妇人的无热情的热情。仿佛她是他的半情妇、半乳母似的。太太小心地替他穿晚服，因为家里来了些重要的企业界的客人。 + +在这时期，康妮有时真觉得她侠要死了。她觉得自已是给妖魔的的谎言，给可怖的白痴的残暴压得要死了，克利福在企业上的奇异的能干使她惧怕，他自称的对他的崇拜使她慷怖，他们之间已经什么都没有了。她现在再也不模独他，而他也再不摸独她了，他甚至再也不友好地捏着她的手了，不，因为他们已完全分离了，他只用着崇拜偶像者的宣言去挖苦她，那是失尽了势能的人的残暴，她觉得她定要发狂了，或要死了。’ + +她尽可能地常常逃到树林里去，一天下午，当她坐在约翰井旁边，思索着，望着泉水冷清地沸涌的时候，守猎人突然出现在她的旁边。 + +“我替你另做了一把钥匙，夫人！”他一边说，一边行礼把钥匙交给了她。 + +“呀，太感谢你了！”她慌忙地说。 + +“小屋里是不太整洁的。”他说，“请你不要怪我。我只能尽我可能地收拾了一下。” + +“但是我是不要麻烦的，在一个星期的光景，我便要把母鸡安置起来，但是这些母鸡不会怕你的，我早晚都得看管他们，但是我会尽我的能力少搅扰你的。” + +“但是你并不搅扰我呢。”她坚持着说，“如果是我搅扰你的话，我宁可不到那小屋里去的。” + +他用他的灵活的蓝眼睛望着她。他好象很慈蔼而又冷淡。虽然他的样子看起来瘦弱有病，但是他的肉体与精神是健全的，他有点咳嗽起来。 + +“你咳嗽吗？”她说。 + +“这没什么……受了点凉罢了，前些时患了肺炎，给我留下了这咳嗽，但是没有什么关系。” + +他疏远地站着，不愿接近她。 + +早晨或午后，她经常地到小屋里去，但是他总不在那里，无疑地他是故意躲避她。他要保持着他的孤独与自由。 + +他把小屋收拾得很整洁，把小桌子和小椅子摆在火炉旁边，放了一堆起火的柴和小木头，把工具和捕兽机推到很无宾角落里去，好象为了要消灭他自己的形迹似的，屋外边，在那靠近树林的空地上，他用树枝和稻草搭了个矮小的棚，是给小雄鸡避风雨的，在这棚下有五只木笼子。有一天，当她到那里时，她看见笼子里有了两只棕色的母鸡，凶悍地警备着，正在孵着雉鸡的蛋，很骄傲地箍松着毛羽，在它们的性的热血里，深深地沉味着。康妮看了，差不多心都碎了．她觉得自己是这样的失落无依，毫无用处，全不象个女性，只有一个恐怖的可怜虫罢了。 + +不久，五个笼子都有了母鸡，三只是棕色的，一只是灰色的，还有一只是黑色的，五只母鸡都同样是在它们母性的重大而温柔的抚养职务中，在母性的天性中，筵松着毛羽，紧伏在卵上。当康妮在它们面前蹲伏下去时，它们的光耀的眼睛守视着她，它们忿怒地惊惶地发着尖锐的咯咯声，但是这种忿怒大概是每当被人迫近时的女性的忿怒。 + +康妮在小屋里找到了些谷粒。她用手拿着去饲它们，它们并不吃，只有一只母鸡在她手上猛啄了一下，把康妮吃了一惊，但是她却焦苦着想把些什么东西给它们吃，给这些不思饮食的孵卵的母鸡，她拿了一罐子水给它们，其中—只喝了一口，她喜欢极了。 + +现在，她每天都来看这些母鸡。它们是世界上唯一可以使她的心温暖起来的东西了。克利福的主张使她全身发冷，波太太的声音和那些到家里来的企业界的人们的声音，使她发冷。蔑克里斯偶尔地写给她的信，也使她觉得同样的冷颤。她觉得如果没有什么新的事情来到，她定要死了。 + +虽然，这是春天了，吊钟花在树林里开花了，擦子树正在发芽，好象一些青色的雨滴似的。多么可怕哟，已是春天了，一切都是这样的冷，这样的无情，只有那些母鸡，这样奇异地筵松着毛羽伏在卵上，是在他们母性的孵化的热力中温暖着！康妮不住地觉得自己就要晕顾了。 + +有一天，那是阳光华丽的可爱的一天，莲馨花在擦树下一簇一簇地开着，小径上缀满着许多紫罗兰花，她在午后来到鸡笼边。在一个鸡笼前面，一只很小很小的小鸡在傲然自得地瞒跚着，母鸡在惊骇地叫喊。这只纤小的小鸡是棕灰色的，带了些黑点，在这时候，这整个大地上最有生气的东西，就是这只小对外开放了。康妮蹲了下去，在一种出神人化的状态中注视着它。这是生命！这是生命！这是纯洁的，闪光的，无恐惧的新生命！这样的纤小，而这样的毫无畏惧！甚至它听着了母鸡的惊叫而蹒跚地走进笼子里去藏在母鸡的毛羽下面，它也不是真正惧怕什么，它只当作那是一种游戏，一种生活的游戏，瞧！一会儿过后，一只小小的尖头儿，从母鸡的金棕色的毛羽里铭丁出来，探视着这花花的大干世界。 + +康妮给这一幅美丽的画图迷住了。而同时，她的被遗弃的妇人的失望的感觉浓厚到他一向所没有过的程度，那使她忍受不了。 + +她现在只有一个欲望，便是到林中这块空地上去，其他的一切都不过是苦痛的梦。但是为了尽她的主妇的职务，她有时是整天留在家里的。那时，她觉得自己也仿佛空虚上去，成为空虚而疯狂了。 + +有一天黄昏的时候，用过茶点以后，她不管家里有客没有，她便逃了出来，天已晚了，她飞跑着穿过了花园，好象她怕被人叫回去似的，当她进树林里去时，攻瑰色的太阳，正向西方沉没，但是她在花丛中赶紧走着，大地上的光明还可以继续多时的。 + +她脸色徘红，神情恍馏地走到林中的空地上。那守猎的人，只穿着衬衣，正在关闭鸡笼的门，这样小鸡才可以安全度夜，但是还有三只褐色的活泼的小鸡，在那稻草棚下乱窜着，而不听从的焦急的呼唤 + +“我忍不住要赶来看看这些小鸡！”她一边气喘着说，一边羞赧地望了望了那守猎人，好象不太留意他似的，添了些新生的么？” + +“到现在已经有三十六只了。”她说，“还不坏？” + +他也一样感觉着一种奇异的快乐，去等候着这些小生命的出世。 + +康妮蹲在最后的一个笼子面前，那三只小鸡已经进去了。但是她们的毫无忌畏挑战头儿，从那黄色毛羽中钻了出来，一会儿又藏了进去，只有一只小头儿，还在那广大的母体的上向外窥视着。 + +“我真喜欢摸摸它们，”她说着，把她的手指胆怯的从笼格里伸了进去，但是那只母鸡凶悍地把她的手啄丁一下，康妮吓得向后惊退。 + +“你看它怎么啄我！它恨我呢！”她用一种惊异的声音说，“但是我并不伤害它们呀！”站在她旁边的他，笑了起来，然后在她旁边蹲了下去，两膝开着，自信地把手慢慢地伸进笼里，老母鸡虽然也啄了他一下，但是没有那样凶悍。缓缓地，轻轻地，他用他那稳当而温和的手指，在老母鸡和毛羽中探索着，然后把一只微弱地嗽卿的小鸡握在手中，拿了出来。 + +“喏！”他说着，伸手把小鸡交给她，她把那小东西接在手里，它用那两条小得象火柴杆似的腿儿站着，它的微小的、飘摇不定的生命颤战着，从它那轻巧的两脚传到康妮的手上。但是它勇敢地抬起它的清秀美丽的小头儿，向四周观望着，嗽的叫了一声。 + +“多么可爱！多么无忌惮”她温柔地说。” + +那守猎人，蹲在她的旁边，也在欣赏着她手里的那只无畏惧的小鸡、忽然地，他看见一滴眼泪落在她腕上。 + +他站了起来，走到另一个笼前去，因为他突然觉得往昔的火焰正在他的腰边发射着，飞腾着，这火焰是他一向以为永久地熄灭了的。他和这火焰狰扎着，他背着康妮翻转身去，但是这火焰蔓延着，，向下蔓延着，把他的两膝包围了。 + +他重新回转身去望着她。她正跪在地上，盲目地，慢慢地伸着两手，让那小鸡回到母鸡那里去，她的神情是这样的缄默这样的颠沛，他的脏腑里，不禁燃烧着对她哀怜的情绪。 + +他自己也不知道在做着什么，他迅速地向她走过去，在她旁边重新蹲下去，他她手里接过了小鸡。因为她正在害怕那母．鸡，正要把它放回笼里去，在他的两腰背后，火焰骤然激发起来，比以前更为；虽烈了。他惶恐地望着她，她的脸孔躲了过去，在她孤独凄凉的无限苦楚中盲目地哭泣着。他的心突然熔化了，象一点火花，他的手伸了出来，把手指放在她的膝上。 + +“不要哭。”他温柔地说。 + +她听了，把两手掩着脸，觉得她的心真是碎了，一切都无关重要了。 + +他把手放在她的肩上，温柔地，轻轻地，他的手沿着她的背后滑了下去，不能自主地用着一种盲目的抚慰的动作，直到了她的弯曲着腰际。在那儿，温柔地，温柔地，用着一种盲目的本能的抚慰，他爱抚着她的腰窝。 + +她找到了她的小手绢，盲目地揩着眼泪。 + +“到小屋里去罢。”他用镇静的声音说。 + +说了，他温柔地用手扶着他的上臀，使她站了起来，慢慢地带她向小屋走去，直至她进了里面。然后他把桌椅推在一边，从一只用具箱里取出了一张褐色的军毡，慢慢地铺在地上。她呆本地站着，向他脸上望阂。 + +他的脸孔是苍白，没有表情的，好象一个屈服于命运之前的人的脸孔似的。 + +“躺在这儿罢。”他温柔地说，然后把门关上了。这一来，小屋里黑暗了，完全黑暗了。 + +奇异地，驯服地，在毡子上躺了下去，然后她觉着一只温柔的，不定的无限贪婪的手，触摸着她的身体，探索着她的脸，那只手温柔地，温柔地爱抚着她的脸，无限的温慰，无限的镇静，最后，她的颊上来了温柔的吻触。 + +在一种沉睡的状态中，一种梦幻的状态中，她静默地躺着。然后，她颤战起来，她觉着在她的衣裳中，那只手在温柔地，却又笨拙地摸索着，但是这只手，却知道怎样在它所欲的地方，把她的衣裳解开了。他慢慢地，小心地，把那薄薄的绸裤向下拉脱。直脱到她的脚上，然后在一种极乐的颤战中，他摸触着她温暖而柔软的肉体，在她的肚脐上吻了一会。他便马上向她进去，全然进到她柔软而安静的肉体里的和平之域去。 + +在一种沉睡的状态中，老是在一种沉睡的状态中，她静默地躺着。所有的动作，所有的性兴奋，都是他的，她再也无能为力了，甚至他的两臂楼着她那么紧，甚至他身体的激烈的动作，以及他的精液在她里面的播射，这一切都在一种沉睡的状态中过去，直至他完毕后，在他的胸膛上轻轻地喘息着时，她才开始醒转过来。 + +这时她惊愕了，朦胧地问着自己，为什么？为什么需要这个？为什么这个竟把她的重负减轻而给她以和平的感觉？这是真的么？这是真的么？ + +她的近代妇女的烦恼的心还是不能安息下来，这是真的么？她知道，假如她自己献身与这个人，那么这便是真的；但是假如她固守着自己时，这便是不真了。她老了，她觉得自己是一百万岁似的老了。总之，她再也不能支持自己的重量了。她是整个放在那里，任人拿去，任人拿去。 + +那人在神秘的静息中躺着。他感觉着什么？他想着什么？她不知道，她觉得他是一个陌生人，她是不认识他的。她只好等待，因为她不敢扰乱他的神秘的静息。他躺在那儿，他的两臂环抱着她，他的身体在上面，他的潮湿的身体触着她，这样的近．完全一个陌生人，却又吵令人感觉不安，他的静息的本身是令人宁泰的。 + +这一点，当他最后激醒转来而从她的身上抽退时，她是觉得的，那好象他把她遗弃了似的，他在黑暗中，把她的衣裳托了下来，盖在她的膝上。他站了一会，显然地在整理着他自己的衣服，然后他安静地把门打开了，走了出去。 + +她看见在那橡树的梢头，落日残辉的上面，悬着一轮明亮的小小月亮，她赶快站了起来，把衣裳整理好，然后她向那小屋的门边走去。 + +树林下面是昏暗了，差不多黑了。可是树林的上面，天还带着水晶似的幽明，不过没有那种睛朗的白光了。那从林下的昏暗中向好了过来，他的脸孔昂举着，象是一个灰点。 + +“我们走罢！”他说。 + +“到哪儿去？” + +“我陪你到园门口去。” + +他有他的料理事情的状态，他把小屋的门锁上了，然后跟着她出去。 + +“你不懊悔吗？”当他在她旁边走着时问她道。 + +“不！不！你呢？”她说。 + +“为那事！不！”他说，过了一会，他加了一句：“不过还有别的事情罢了。” + +“什么别的事情？”她说。 + +“克利福男爵，其他的人，和一切的纠纷。” + +“什么纠纷？”她沮丧地问道。 + +“事情常常是这样的，于你于我都是一样，总有些什么纠纷的。”他在昏暗中，稳定地走着。 + +“你懊悔么？”她说。 + +“在某一方面是有点儿的！”他一边回答，一边仰望着天空。“我自以为和这些事情是断绝了，现在我却又开始起来了” + +“开始什么？” + +“生活，” + +“生活！”她应声说道。感觉着一种奇怪的兴奋。 + +“那是生活。”他说，“没有法子避免的。如果你避免它。你便等于死。所以我只好重新开始，我只好这样。” + +她却不把事情看成这样。但是…… + +“那是爱情。”她欢快地说。 + +“无论那是什么，反正一样。”他回答道。 + +他们在静默中，在渐见昏黑下去的林中前进着，直至他们将到园门口的时候。 + +“但是你不憎恨我罢？”她有点不安地说。 + +“不，不。他答道。突然地，他用着那种古代的结合人类的热情，把她紧紧地抱在杯里。“不，我觉得那个太好了，太好了，你也觉得吗？” + +“是的，我也觉得。”她有点不诚实地答道。因为她实在并没有觉得怎样。 + +他温柔地，温柔地，热吻着她。 + +“假如世界上没有这许多人，那就好了。”他悲伤地说。 + +她笑着，他们到了园门口了，他替她把门打开。 + +“我不再送了。”他说。 + +“不！”她把手伸了出去和他握别，但是他却用双手接着； + +“你要我再来么？”她热切地问道。 + +“是的！是的！” + +她离开了他，向园中过去，他在后边望着向灰暗的园中进去，心里差不多感着痛苦地望着她定了。 + +他原本是要守着他的孤独的，现在他使他再想起人间的关系来了。好恰牺性了自由，一个孤独者的示的自由。 + +他向黑暗的林中回去，一切都静寂着，月亮也沉了，但是他听得见夜之声响，他听得见史德门的机器和大路上来往的车辆。他慢慢地攀登那赤裸的山坡。在山上，他可以看见整个乡村，史德门的一排一排的火光，达娃斯哈煤小灯光和达娃斯哈村里的黄光。昏暗的乡村里，随处都是光，远过地，他可以看见，高炉在发着轻淡的粉红色，因为夜色清明，白热的金属发着玫瑰的颜色，史德门的电灯光，又尖锐又刺眼！多么令人难解的含着恶意的光辉！这一切米德兰工业区的夜的不安和永久的恐怖。他听得见史德门的车盘响着，载着七点钟的工人到煤坑里去，矿场是分三班轮流工作的。 + +他向幽暗的僻静的树林里下去。但是他知道树林的僻静是欺人的了。工业的嘈声把寂静破坏了。那尖锐的灯光，虽不能见，也把寂静嘲弄着。再也没有谁可以孤独，再也没有僻静的地方，世界再也不容有隐遁者了，现在，他已经得到了这个妇人，并且加了自己一个新的痛苦与罪罚的枷锁了，因为他从经验得知这是怎么一回事的。 + +这并不是妇人的过失，甚至不是爱情过失，也不是性欲的过失，过失是从那边来的，从那邪恶的电灯光和恶魔似的机器之嚣声里来的，那边，那贪婪的机械化验的贪婪世界，闪着灯光，吐炽热的金属，激着熙来攘往的喧声，那儿便是罪恶所在的地方，准备着把不能同流台污的东西一概毁灭，不那世界全果把这树林毁灭了，吊钟花将不再开花了，一切可以受作用的东西，定要在铁的跟随瞒之下消灭。 + +他用无限的温情想着那妇人，可怜的无依无靠的人，她不知道也自己是这样可爱。呵！太可爱了！她所接触的庸欲之流太不配她了！可怜的人儿，她也有点象野玉簪似的易伤地嫩弱，她并不象近代女子似的，全是树胶品和白金。他们要压刀的！那是毫无疑义了，他们要压倒她，如同他们压倒一切自然的温柔的生活一样，温柔！她有点什么温柔的东西，象滋长着的温柔的玉簪花似的温柔的东西，这东西是今日化学晶的妇女们所没有的了，但是他定要诚恳地把她保护一些时日，只一些时日，直至无情的铁世界和机械化的贪婪世界把她和他自己同时压倒。 + +他带着他的狗和枪归，到了他阴暗的村舍里，把灯点了，把火炉里的火生了，然后吃晚餐：一些面包和奶酷一些小葱头和酒。他在他所深爱的静默中孤独着。他的房子是清洁的。整齐的，但是有些冷清，可炉火是光耀的，炉床是白，白漆布铺着椅子上面悬着的一盏煤油灯也是光亮亮的，他想拿一本关于印度的书来看，但是今晚他却不能看书了，他穿一件衬，坐在火旁边，并不吸烟，但是有一杯啤酒在手旁边，他思念着康妮。 + +实在说来，他是懊悔发生了那种事情的，那懊悔也许大部分是为了她的缘故，他感觉到一个预兆，那并不是过失或罪恶的预兆，这一点他的意识是不会扰乱的，他知道一个人的意识所最怕惧的，是社会，或是自己，他并不惧怕自己。但是他很显然地惧怕社会，他本能地知道这社会是恶毒的、半疯狂的野兽。 + +那妇人！要是她能够在城和他在一起，而除了他俩以外，世界绝无第三者了，那么多情欲重新涌了起来，他的阴茎象一只活的小鸟似地兴奋着，同时他又觉得被一种恐惧压制着，他恐惧着自己和她要被外面那些电灯光里含恶意地闪耀着的“东西”所吞食，她，这可怜的年轻的人儿，在他看来，她只是一个年轻的女性的生物罢了，但是这却是一个你曾深进过，并且他还在欲望着进去的一个年轻的生物。 + +在欲望中，他奇异地打着哈尔，伸着懒腰，因为他远离男女们孤独地生活着已经四年了，他站了起来，把灯火弄小了，拿了外衣和枪，带着狗儿出去。那是一个繁星之夜，欲望，以及对于外界的恶意的“东西”的恐惧情绪推着他，他缓缓地，幽幽地，在树林中巡逻，他爱黑暗，他把自己投在黑暗的怀里，夜色正适合于他的膨胀的欲望。这欲望，无论如何象是一种财富，不巡地兴奋着的他的阴茎，火焚着他的两腰！呵！要是可以和一些人联合起来，去和那外界的、闪光的、电的“东西”抗战，去把生命的温柔，女人的温柔，和自然的欲望的财富保存起来，那就好了！但是所有的人都是在那边，迷醉着那些“东西”，胜利着，或惨败于那机械化的念婪或念婪的机械主义铁蹄之下。 + +康妮，在她这方面，差不多并不思索什么，她赶快穿过了花园回家去，她还来得及吃晚饭的。 + +可是，当她到了门口时，门是关着了，这一来她得去按铃了，这却使她烦恼起来，来开门的是波尔敦太太。 + +“呀！你回来了，夫人！我正开始奇怪着你是不是迷失了呢！”她有点笑谈地说，“但是克利福男爵却没有问起你；他同林先生谈着话，我看他是在这儿晚餐吧，是不是，夫人？” + +“大概是罢。”康妮说。 + +“要不是迟一刻钟开饭？这一来你全阅以从容地换拾裳了。”一“也许那样好些。” + +林先生是矿场的总经理，是一个上了年纪的北方人，他有点软弱不振，这是克利福不满意他的地方，他不能迎合战后的新环境，和那些战后的矿工们一样，只守着他们的老成持重的成规。但是康妮却喜欢林来先生，虽然她讨厌他的太太的诌媚样子，心里高兴着他的太太并没有来。 + +林来留在那儿吃饭，康妮显得是个男子们所极喜欢的主妇，她是这样的谦逊，而又这样的殷勤体贴，他的很大的蓝眼睛和她的幽娴的神态，是尽把她的心事掩藏起来的。这把戏康妮做得多了，已经差不多成了她的第二天性了，奇怪的就是当她做着这把戏时，虽然这是她的第二天性，而她却把一切都从心里忘掉。 + +她忍耐着等待着，直至她能上楼去，去思索自己的事情。她老是等着，等待好象是她拿手的事情了。 + +但是，当她回到房里示时，她依旧觉得模糊而昏乱，不知道打城想起。他究竟是怎样的一种人呢？他真喜欢她么？她不太相信，不过他是和蔼的。有着一种什么温暖的、天真的、和蔼的东西，又奇特而骤然，这东西差不多使她的子宫不得不为他展开，但是她觉得他也许对于任何妇女都是这么和蔼的，虽然是这样，他的和蔼却是奇异地使人觉得温慰的。他是一个热情的人，健全而热情的人。但是他也许并不是很专一的，他对她这样，而对任何妇女也许一样，那真是泛然不专的态度，她之于他，实在只是一个女性罢了。 + +但是，也许这样还要好些，毕竟他所爱她的地方就是她的女性，这是从来没有男人做过的，男人们只爱她的外表，而不爱她的女性。他们残酷地轻蔑这女性，或茫然地不知有这女性。男人们对于康妮小姐或查太莱男爵夫人都是十分主蔼的，但是对于她的性却不然了。他呢，他是全不管什么康妮小姐或查太莱男爵夫人的，他只温柔地爱抚着她的两腰或她的乳房。 + +第二天，她到树林里去，那是一个灰色的静的午后，沉绿的水银菜，在擦子树林下蔓生着，所有的树都在静默中努力着发芽了。她今天几乎可以感觉着她自己的身体里面，潮涌着那些大树的精液，向上涌着，直至树芽顶上，最后发为橡树的发光的小时儿，红得象血一样。那象是涨着的潮水，向天上奔腾。 + +她，来到林中的空旷地，但是他并不在那儿，她原来也不地抱着一半的心到这儿一会他的，小雄鸡儿轻捷得象昆虫似的，远在笼外奔窜着，黄母鸡在栏干里挂虎地咯咯着，康妮坐了下来，一边望着它们，一边等待着，她只是等待着，她差不多看不见什么小鸡，她等待着。 + +时间梦一般的悠悠地过去，而他却不来，她只好怀着一半希望等着他，他是从不在下午到这儿来的，茶点的时间到了，她得回家去，但是她得很勉强地迫着自己，然后才站了起来走开。 + +当她回家时，霏霏的细雨开始下起来。 + +“又下雨了么？”克利福看见了她摇着帽子上的雨滴，这样说：“只一点儿细雨。” + +她默默地她静默地斟着茶，出神地深思着她的心事，她今天实在想会会那守猎人，看看那究竟是不是真的，那究间是不是真的。 + +“回头你要不要我给你念念书？”克利福问道。 + +她望着他，难道他猜疑什么了？ + +“春天使我觉得点有头晕……我想去休息一会儿。”她说。 + +“随你便罢，你真觉得不舒服吗？” + +“是的，有点儿疲倦……这是春天到了的缘故，你要不要波太太来和你玩玩脾？” + +“不！我听听收音机好了。” + +她听见了他的声音里，含着一种满足的异的音调，她到楼上寝室里去，在那儿，她听见放音矾在呼号着一种矫揉造作的娇媚蠢笨的声音，这象是一种布廛的嚣喧，象是一个人摹舍己为人一个老贩的令人呕吐的声音，她穿上了她的紫色的旧雨衣，从一个旁门闪了出去。 + +蒙蒙的细雨好象是遮盖着世界的帐幕，神秘，寂静而不冷。当她急促地穿过花园时，她觉得热起来了，她得把她的轻雨衣解开了。 + +在细雨中，树林是静息而比几的，半开着的叶芽，半开着花，和孵估万千的卵子，充满着神秘，在这一切朦胧暗昧中，赤条条的幽暗的树木，发着冷光，好象反怕衣裳解除了似的，地上一切青苍的东西，好象在青苍地低哦着。 + +在那空旷处，依然一个人也没有，小雄鸡差不多都藏到母鸡的毛以下去了，只有一两中较冒失的，还在那草棚下的干地上啄食着。它们都是犹豫不安的。 + +好！他还没有来，他是故意不来的，也许，什么事情不好了罢，或者她最好是到村舍里去看看。 + +但是她是生成要等待的。她用她的钥匙，把小屋门打开丁，一切都很整齐，谷粒盛在一只箱里，几张毡子摺垒在架上，稻草整洁地堆在一个角落里，这是新添的一堆稻草，一盏风灯在钉子上悬着，在她躺过的地上，桌子和椅子也都放回原处了。 + +她走开着门口，坐在一张小凳子上，一切都非常静寂！细，雨轻柔地被风史着，但是风并没有声音，一切都没有声息。树木站立着，象是些有权威的生物，朦胧，幽明，静温而有生气，一切都多么地有生气！ + +夜色又近了，她得回去。他是在躲避着她。 + +但是突然地，他大踏步地来到了空旷处，他穿着车夫似的油布的短外衣，湿得发亮，他向小屋迅疾地望了一眼，微微地行了个礼然后转身走到鸡笼边去，他静静地蹲了下去，小心地注视着一切，然后小心地把笼门关好了。 + +最后，他慢慢地向她走了过来，她还是坐在小凳上。他在门廓下站在她的面前。 + +“你来了。”他用着土话的腔调说。 + +“是的！”她望着他说，“你来晚了。” + +“是的！”他一边回答，一边向林中望着。 + +她缓缓地站了起来，把小凳子拉在旁边 + +“你要进来吗？”她问道。 + +他向她尖锐地望着。 + +“要是你天天晚上到这儿来，人们不会说什么吗？”他说。 + +“为什么？”她不明白地望着他，“我说过我要来的，没有人会晓得的。” + +“但是他们不久终要晓得的，”他答道，“那时怎么办好？” + +她不知道怎样回答的好。 + +“为什么他们要晓得呢？”她说。 + +“人们总会知道的。”他凄然地说。 + +她的嘴唇有点颤战起来，她油油地说； + +“那我可没有法子。” + +“不。”他说，“你不来是可以的，要是你愿意。”他低声地添了一句。 + +“但是我不愿意不来。”她用怨声说。 + +他无言了，回转眼睛向树林里望着； + +“但是假如人晓得了，你将怎样？”他终于问道，“想想看！你要觉得多么屈辱，一个你的丈夫的仆人！” + +她望着他的侧着的脸。 + +“你是不是，”她支吾地说，“你是不是不要我了？” + +“想想看！”他说，“要是人们知道了，你将怎样！要是克利福男爵和……大家都……” + +“那么，我可以走。” + +“走到那儿去呢？” + +“无论那儿！我有我自己的钱，我的母亲绘了我两万镑保管着，我知道这笔钱克利福是不能动的，我可以走。” + +“但是假如你不想走呢？” + +“哪里话！我将来怎样，我才不管呢。” + +“呀，你这样想吗？但是你是要考虑的，你不得不考虑，人人都是这样的，你要记着你是查太莱男爵夫人，而我是个守猎人，假如我是一位贵绅的那么事情自然又不同了，是的，你不能不顾虑的。” + +“我不，我的男爵夫人又怎么样！我实在恨这个名称，人们笨次这样叫我的时候，我总觉得他们嘲弄我。他们实在是在嘲弄我！甚至你这样叫我的时候，你也在嘲弄我的。” + +“我！” + +这是第一次他向她直望着，向她的眼里直望着。 + +“我并不嘲弄你。”他说。 + +当他这样望着她时，她看见他的眼睛阴郁起来，完全阴郁起来，两只瞳孔张大着。 + +“你不顾一切地冒险么？”他用着一种沉哑的声音说，“你应该考虑考虑的，不要等以太迟了” + +他的声音里，含着一种奇民蝗警告的恳求。 + +“但是我没有什么可以失掉的东西。”她烦恼地说，“假如你知道实在的情形是怎样，你便要明自我是很喜欢失旧它的，但是你是不是为你自己有所惧怕呢？” + +“是的？”他简单地说，“我怕，我怕！我怕那些东西。” + +“什么东西？”她问道。 + +他奇异地把头向后来歪，指示着外面的世界。 + +“所有的东西！所有的人！所有他们。” + +说完，他弯下身去，突然在她愁苦的脸上吻着。 + +“但是，”他说，“我并不顾虑那些！让我们受用罢，其他一切管它的！不过，要是那一天你懊悔起来·……” + +“不要把我抛弃了。”她恳求道。 + +他的手指抚触着她的脸，突然地又吻了她一下。 + +“那么让我进去罢。”他温柔地说，“把你的雨衣脱了。” + +他把枪挂了起来，台湾省了他自它的湿外衣，然后把毡子拿了下来。 + +“我多带了一张毡子来。”他说，“这样，要是我们喜欢的话，我们可以拿一张来盏的。” + +“我不能久留呢，”她说，晚餐是七点半开的。” + +他向她迅速地顾盼了一下，然后望着他的表。 + +“好的。”他说 + +他把门关了，在悬着的风灯里点了一个小小的火。 + +“哪一天我们要多玩一会儿。”他说。 + +他细心地铺着毡子，把一张招叠起来做她的枕头，然后他坐在一张小凳子上，把她拉到他的身边，一只手紧紧地抱着她，另一只手探摸关她的身体。当他摸着了好怕时候，她听见他的呼吸紧促进来，在她的轻薄的裙下，她是赤裸裸的。 + +“呵！摸触您是多么美妙的事！”他一边说，一边爱抚着她的臀部和腰部的细嫩、温暖而隐秘的皮肤。他俯着头，用他的脸颊，频频地摩擦着她的小腹和她的大腿。他的迷醉的状态，使她再次觉得有点惊讶起来。他在摸触着她生动而赤裸的肉地所感得的美，这种美的沉醉的欣欢，她是不了解的。这只有热情才可以了解，当热情没有了或死了的时候，那么，美所引起的美妙的惊心动魄是不可了解的，甚至有点被物的，温暖的生动的接触之美，比之眼见的美要深厚得多，她觉着他的脸在她的大腿上，在好怕小腹上，和她的后臀上，温柔地摩着。他的髭须和他的柔软而通密的头发，紧紧地擦着她；她的两膝开始颤战起来了，在她的灵魂里面，狠遥远地。她觉着什么新的东西在那里跳动着，她觉着一种新的裸体在那里浮露了出来，她有在这害怕起来，她差不多希望他不要这样爱抚她了，她只觉得被他环抱着，紧束着然而，她却等待着，等待着。 + +当他强烈地感到安慰与满足，面向他的和平之域的她的里面进去时，她还是等待着，她觉得自己有点被遗忘了j但是她知道，那是一部分她自它的过失，她想这样便可以固守着她与他的距离，现在也许她是命定了要这么固守着了。她一动不动地躺着；她觉着他在她坦克面的动作，她觉着他深深地沉伏着的专心，她觉着当他插射精液时的骤然的战栗，然后他的冲压的动作缓慢了下来，返种臀尖的冲压，确是有些可笑的。假如你是一个妇人，而又处在当事人之外，一个男子的臀尖的那种冲压，必定是太可笑的，在这种姿态这种动作中，男人确是十分可笑的！ + +但是她仍然一动不动地躺着，也不退缩，甚至当他完了时，她也不兴奋起来，以求她自己的满足，好象她和蔑免里斯的时候一样，她静静地躺着，眼泪慢慢地在她的眼里满溢了出来。 + +他也是一动不动，但是他紧紧地搂着她，他的两腿压在她的可怜的两条赤裸的腿上，想使她温暖着，他躺在她的上面，用一种紧密的无疑的热力温暖着她。 + +“您冷吗”他温柔地细声问道，好象她很近很近的。其实她却觉得远隔着，被遗忘着。 + +“不！但是我得走了。”她和蔼地说。 + +他叹息着，更紧地楼抱着她，然后放松了，重新静息下来。 + +他还没看出流泪，他只以为她是和他一样舒畅。 + +“我得走了。”她重新说道。 + + + + + +第十章(2) + + +他人她那儿抽退了，在她旁边跪了一会，吻着她的两腿的里面，把她的裙拉了下来，然后在微微的激光里，毫无思索地把他自己的衣服扣好，甚至连身也没有转过去。 + +“哪一天您得到村舍里来。”他一边说着，一边热切地安闲在望着她。 + +但是她还是毫无生气地躺在那儿，沉思着，望闻他，陌生人！陌生人！她甚至觉得有点怒恨他。 + +他把他的外衣穿上，找着他的摔在地上的帽，然后把枪挂在肩上。 + +“来罢！”他用他的热烈，温和的眼睛望着她说。 + +她缓缓地站了起来，她不想走；却又不想留。他帮助她穿上了她的薄薄的雨衣，望着她是不是衣裳都整理好了。 + +然后他把门打开了，外面是很黑了。在门廊下坐着的狗儿，看见了他，愉快地站了起来，细雨在黑暗中灰灰地降着。天是很黑了。 + +“我得把灯笼带去。”他说，“不会有人的。”，在狭径中，他在她面前走着，低低地把风灯摇摆着，照着地上的湿草和蛇似的光亮的树根，苍暗的花，此外一切都是炙灰的雨雾和黝黑。 + +“哪一天您得到村舍里来。”他说，“您来不来？反正山羊或羔羊都是一样一吊的了。” + +他对于她的返种奇特固扫诉欲望，使她惊讶着，而他们之间却没有什么东西，他也从来没有对她真正地说过话，则且她不自禁地憎恶他的土话，他的“您得来”的粗俗的土好象不是对她说的，而是对任何普通人的说的，她看见了马路上的指形花的叶儿，她知道他们大约是走到什么地方了。 + +“现在是七点一刻，”他说，“你赶得及回去吃晚饭的。”他的声调变了，好象他觉察着了她的疏远的态度。当他们在马路上转过了最后一个弯，正向着榛树的篱墙和园门去的时候，他把灯火吹熄了。他温和地握着她的手臂说：“好了，这里我们可以看得见了。” + +但是，话虽这样说，实在不容易啊。他们脚下踏着的大地是神秘的。不过他是习惯了，他可以摸得着他的道路。到了园门时，他把他的手电筒交给她，说：“园里是光亮点；但是把这个拿去罢，恐怕你走错路。” + +真的，在空旷的园中，有着一种幽灵似的灰星的徽光，突然地，他把她拉了过去，重新在她的衣裳下面摸抚着，他的湿而冷的手，触着她的温暖的肉体。 + +“摸触着一个象您这样的女人，我死也甘心了！”了沉哑的声音说，要是您可以多停一会的话……” + +她觉着他的重新对她欲望起来的骤然的热力。 + +“不！我得赶快回去了！她有点狂乱地说。 + +“好罢。”他说着，态度突然变了，让她走开了。 + +她正要走开，却立即回转身来对他说：“吻一吻我罢。” + +在黑暗中，他弯着身在她的左眼上吻着。她向他举着嘴唇，他轻轻地在上面吻了一吻，立即便缩回去了，他是不喜欢在嘴上亲吻的。 + +“我明天再来。”他一边走开一边说，“要是我能够的话。”她加了这一句。 + +“是的，但是不要来得这么晚了。”他在黑暗里回答道。她已经完全看不见他。 + +“晚安。”她说。 + +“晚安，男爵夫人。”他的声音回答着。 + +她停着了，回过头来向潮湿的黑暗里望着。在这夜色里，她只能看见他的形影。 + +“你为什么这样叫我？”她说道。 + +“好，不这样叫了。”他回答道，“那么，晚安，快走罢！” + +她在朦胧的夜里隐没了，她看见那旁门正开着，她溜了进去，直至她的房里，并没有被人看见，娄她的房门磁起来时，晚餐的锣声正在响着，虽然这样，她还是决意要洗个澡一她得洗个澡。“但是我以后不要再迟归了。”她对自己说，“这未免太讨厌了。” + +第二天，她并不到树林里去。她陪着克利福到阿斯魏去了。他现在有时可以乘汽车出去了，他雇了一个年青而强壮的车夫，在需要的时候。这车夫可以帮助他从车里下来。他是特地去看他的教父来斯里一，文达的。文达佳在阿斯魏附近的希勃来大厦里，这是一位富有资产的老绅士，是爱德华王时代繁荣过的许多富有的煤矿主人之一，爱德华王为了打猎，曾来希勃来佐过几次，这是一个墙的美丽的古老大厦，里面家具的布置是很都丽的，因为文达是个独身者，所以他对于他家里的修洁雅致的布置是很骄傲的，但是，这所大厦却给许多煤矿场环绕着了。文达对于克利福是关心的，但是因为他的文学作品和画报上刊登的他的像片，他个人对他是没有什么大尊重的。这老绅士是一个爱德华王一派的花花公子，他认为生活就是生活，而粗制滥造的作家是另一事，对于康妮，这者乡绅总是表示搜勤温雅。他觉得她是纯洁如处女的、端正的、动人的人，她对于克利福未免劳而无功了，并且她的命运不能给勒格贝生个继承人，是千可惜万可惜的，不过他自己也没有继承人。 + +康妮自己间着，假如他知道了克利宝的守猎人和她发生了关系，假如他知道了这守猎人用土话对她说“那一天您得到村舍里来”，他将怎样想呢？他定要憎恶她，轻鄙她，因为他差不多是疾恨劳工阶级的向前迈进的，假如她的情人是和她同样阶级的人，那么他不会介意的，因为康妮吴然地有着端庄的、驯服的、处女的风采，也许她生成是为了恋爱的。文达叫她“亲爱的孩子”，给了她一幅十八世纪的贵妇人的很可爱的小画像，她实在不想要，不过只好收下。 + +但是康妮一心只想着她和守猎人的事情。毕竟，文达先生确是个上等人，是个上流社会的一分子，他当她是个人物，是个高尚的人看待，他不把她和其他的妇女看成一样，而用着“您”、“您的”这种字眼。 + +那天她没有到树林里，再隔一天她也没有去，第三天还是没有去，只要她觉得，或者自以为觉得那人在等着她，想着她，她便不到那儿去，但是第四天，她可怕的烦躁不安起来了。不过她还是不愿到林中去，不愿再去为那个男子展开她的两腿。她心里想着她可以做的事情一到雪非尔德去，访访朋友去，可是想到了这些事情就使她觉得憎恶。最后，她决定出去散散步，并不是到树林，而是向相反的方向去，她可以从大花园的其他一面的小铁门里出去，到马尔海去，那是一个宁静而灰色的春日，天气差不多可说是温暖的，她一边走着，一边沉味在飘渺的思想里，什么都没有看见。直到马尔海的农庄里时，她才被狗的狂吠声，从梦幻里惊醒了，马尔海农庄！这狐牧场，宽展到勒格贝的花园围墙边，这样他们是亲邻呢；但是康妮好久没有到这儿来了。 + +“陪儿！”她向那条白色的大叭儿狗说。“陪儿！”你忘记了我了？你不认识我了么？”一她是怕狗的，陪儿一边吠着，一边向后退着，她想穿过那农家大院，到畜牧场那条路上去。 + +弗林太太走了出来。这是和康妮一样年纪的人，她曾当过学校教员；但是康妮疑心她是个虚伪的小人物。 + +“怎么，是查太莱男爵夫人！”弗林太太的眼睛光耀着，她的脸孔红得象个女孩似的。“陪儿！陪儿！怎么了！你向着查太莱夫人吠！陪儿！赶快停嘴！”她跑了过去，用手里拿着的白手巾打着狗，然后向康妮走来。 + +“它一向是认识我的。”康妮说着，和她握了握手，弗林一家是查太莱的佃户。 + +“怎么会不认识夫人呢！它只想卖弄卖弄罢了。”弗林太太说，她脸红着，很羞难过地望着康妮，”不过它好久没有看见您了，我很希望你的身体好些了罢？” + +“谢谢你，我很好了。” + +我们差不多整个冬天都没有看见夫人呢。请进来看看我的小孩吗？” + +“晤！”康犹豫着，“好不过只一会儿。” + +弗林太太赶快跑进去收拾屋子，康妮缓缓地跟了进去，在那幽暗的厨房里，水壶正在炉火边沸着，康妮在那里踌躇了一’会，弗林太大走了回来。 + +“对不起得很。”她说，“请你进这边来罢。” + +他们进了起坐室里，那儿，在炉火旁的地毯上坐着一个婴孩桌子上草率地摆着茶点用的东西。一个年轻的女仆，害羞地、笨拙地向走廊里退了出去。 + +那婴孩约莫有一岁了，是个檄难得脾小东西，头发是红的，象她的父亲，两只傲慢的眼睛是淡蓝色的，这是一个女孩怪不怕人的，她坐在一些垫枕中间，四同摆着许多布做的洋固固和其他玩具，这是时下的风尚。 + +“呵。真是个宝贝！”康妮说，“她长得多快！一个大女孩了，一个大女孩了！” + +女孩出世的时候，她给过十条围巾给她。圣诞节的时候，又曾给了她一些赛璐璐鸭子。 + +“佐士芬！你知道谁来看你吗？这是谁，佐士芬？查太莱男爵夫人……你认得查太莱男爵夫人吗？” + +这奇的不怕人的小东西，镇静地望着康妮，“男爵夫人”于她还是毫无所谓的。 + +“来！到我这儿来好不好？”康妮对孩子说。 + +孩子表示着无可不无可的样子，良把她气象上膝上。抱着一个孩子在膝上是多么温暖，多么可爱的！两个手臂是这样的柔软，两条小腿是样的无知而无羁！ + +“我正要随便喝点茶，孤孤单单的，陆克上市场去了，因此我什么时候用点茶都随我的便，请喝杯茶好不好，查太莱夫人？这种坏茶点自然不是夫人惯用的，但是如果你不介意的话……” + +康妮并不介意，虽然她不喜欢人家提到她惯用佬。桌子上很铺张地摆了些最漂亮的茶本少茶壶。 + +“只要不麻烦你就好了。”康妮说。 + +但是假如弗林太太不麻烦，那儿还有什么乐趣！康妮和小孩玩着，她的小女性的无惧惮她的温柔的年轻的温暖，使康妮觉得有趣而得到一种浓厚的快乐，这年轻的生命！这样的无畏！这样的无畏，那是因为毫无抵抗的缘故。所有的成人们都是给恐惧压得这样的狭小！ + +康妮喝了一杯有点太浓的茶，吃了些美味的奶油面包和罐头李子。弗林太太脸红着，非常地兴奋，仿佛康妮是一个多情的武士似的，她们谈着些真正妇人间说的话，两个人都觉得写意。 + +“不过这茶点太坏了。”弗林太大说。 + +“比我家里用的还要好呢。”康妮诚实地说。 + +“呵！……”弗林太太说，她自然是不相信的。 + +但是最后康妮站了起来。 + +“我得走了！”她说，“我的先生并不知道我到哪里去了，他要疑心各种各样的事情呢。” + +“李决不会想到你在此地的。”弗林太太高兴地笑道，“他要派人满村叫着找呢。” + +“再会，佐士芬。”康妮一边说，一边吻着孩子，揉着她的红色的卷发。 + +大门是锁着而且上了门闷的，弗林太太紧持着去替刃康要开了，康妮出到了农庄门前的小花园里，这小花园是用冬青树的篱芭围绕着的，沿着等候径的两旁，植着洗我报春花，柔软而华丽。 + +“多可有宾报春花！”康妮说。 + +“陆克把它们叫作野草闹花。”弗林太太笑着说，“带点回去吧。” + +弗林太太热心地采着。 + +“够了！够了！”康妮说。 + +她们来到了小花园的门边。 + +“你打哪条来呢？”弗林太太问道。 + +“打畜牧场那条路去。” + +“让我看……呵，是的，母牛都在栅栏里，但是它们还没有起来。不过那门是锁着的，你得爬过去呢。” + +“我会爬的。”康妮说。 + +“也许我可以陪你到栅栏那边去罢。” + +她走过了那兔子蹂躏得难看的草场。在树林中，鸟雀在啾呶着胜利揭歌最后的牛群，慢慢地在被残踏得象人们行路似的草场上曳着笨重的步伐，一个人在呼喝着它们。 + +“今晚他们捋乳捋得晚了。”弗林太太严厉地说，“因为他们知道陆克在天黑以前是不会回来的。” + +她们来栅栏边，栅栏的后面蔓生着小衫树的丛林。那里有一个小门，但是锁着。在里面的草地上放着一个空瓶子。 + +“这是守猎人盛牛奶的空瓶子。”弗林太太解说着，“我们装满了牛奶便带来话此地，他自己会来取的。” + +“什么时候？”康妮问。 + +“呵，他什么时候经过此地便什么时候取的。多数是早晨。好了，再会罢，查太莱夫人！请你常来，你到我家里来真是难得的。” + +康妮跨过栅栏，进到了一条狭隘的小径上，两旁都是些丛密的小杉树。弗林太太戴着一顶教员戴的遮日帽，在牧场上跑着回去。康妮不喜欢这丛密的新植的树林，这种地方令人觉得可怖和闷塞。她低着头赶路，心里想着弗林太大的孩子，那是个可这的小东西，不过她的两腿将来要象她父亲似的，有点弯曲罢了。现在已经可以看出来了，但是也许长大了会变得好的。有个孩子是我么温暖，多么称心，弗林太太显得多么得意！她至少是一样东西是康妮没有，而且是显然地不能有的。是的，弗林太大熔耀她的为母的尊荣，康妮有点儿，微微地有点儿嫉妨。这是她无可如何的。 + +突然地，她从沉思中吓了一跳，微地惊叫了一声，一个人在那里！ + +那是守猎人，他站在狭径中好象巴蓝的驴子，截着眼也的去路。 + +“怎么，你？”她惊愕地说。 + +“你怎么来的？”她喘着气追问道。 + +“但是你怎么一煌？你到小屋里去过么？” + +“不：不：我刚从玛尔海来。” + +他奇异地探究地望着她；氏着头，觉得是点罪过。 + +”你现在是到小屋里去么？”他用着有点严厉的声调问道。 + +“不，我不能去，我在玛尔海已离好一会，家里人都不知道我到哪里去了。我回去要晚了，我得赶快跑。” + +“似乎把我丢弃了？”他微微地冷笑着说。 + +“不！不，不是这样，只是……” + +“不是这样还有什么？”他说了，向她走了过去，两上她，她觉得他的全身是可怕地紧贴着她。这样的兴奋。 + +“呵，不要现在、不要现在。”她一边喊着，一边想把他推开。 + +“为什么不？现在只是六点钟，你还有半点钟。不，不！我要你，” + +他紧紧地抱着她，她觉得他的着急。她的古代人的本能使她为自由而挣扎，但是她的里面有着一种什么又迟钝又沉重珠怪东西，他的身以迫在假压着她，她再也没有心去挣扎了。 + +他向四下望了一望。 + +“来……这儿来！打这边来。”他一边说，一边尖锐地望着浓密的小杉树丛中，这些小松树还没他们一半高。 + +他加望着她。她看见他的眼睛是强烈的，光亮的，凶悍的，而没有湿情，但是她已不能自主了，她觉得她的四肢奇异地沉重起来，她退让了，她驯服了。 + +他引着她在不易穿过的刺人的树丛中穿了进去，直到二块稍为空旷而有着一丛拓死的树枝的地方，他把些干拓的树校铺在地上，再把他的钙套和上衣盖在上面，她只好象一只野兽似地，在树下躺下去；同时，只穿着衬衣和短裤的他，站在旁边等待着，牢牢地望着她，但是他还有体贴阂到的，他使她舒舒服服地躺着，不过，他却他她的内衣的带子扯断了，因为她只管懒慵地躺着，而不帮助他。 + +他也是把前身裸露着，当他进她里面的时候，她觉得他裸着的皮肉紧贴着她，他在她里面静止了一会，在那儿彭胀着，颤动着，当他开始抽动的时候，在骤然而不可抑止的征欲里，她里面一种新奇的、惊心动魄的东西，在波动着醒了转来，波动着，波动着，波动着，好象轻柔的火焰的轻扑，轻柔得象毛羽样，向着光辉的顶点直奔，美妙地，美妙地，把她溶解，把她整个内部溶解了。那好象是是钟声一样，一波一波地登峰造极。她躺着，不自觉地发着狂野的，细微的呻吟，呻吟到最后。但是他结束得太快了，太快了；而她再也不能用自己的力量迫使自己完结，这一次是不同了，不同了，她毫无能力了，好也不能竖挺起来缠着他，去博得她自己的满足了。当她觉得他在引退着，可退着，收缩着，就要从她那里滑脱出去的可怕的片刻，她的心里暗暗地呻吟着，她只好等待，等待。她的整个肉体在温柔地开展着，温柔地哀恳着，好象一根洁水下的海芜草，衰恳着他再进去，而使她满足，她在火炽的热情中昏迷着，紧贴着他，他并没有完全滑脱了她，她觉得他的温软的肉蕾，在她里面耸动起来，用着奇异的有节奏的动作，一种奇异的节奏在她里面泛滥起来，彭胀着，彭胀着，直至把她空洞的意识充满了。于是，难以言语形容的动作重新开始一其实这并不是一种动作，而是纯粹的深转着的肉感之旋涡，在她的肉里，在她的意识里，愈转愈深，直至她成了一个感觉的波涛之集中点。她躺在那儿呻吟着，无意识地声音含混地呻吟着，这声音从黝黑无边的夜里发了出来，这是生命！男子在一种敬惧中听着他下面的这种声音，同时把他的生命的泉源插射在她的里面，当这声音低抑着时，他也静止下来，懵懵地，一动不动地卧着；同时她也慢慢地放松了她的拥抱，软慵地横陈着。他们躺着，忘了一切，甚至互相忘着，两个人都茫然若失了。直至最后，他开始振醒过来，觉察了自己无遮地裸露着，而她也觉察了他的身体的重压放松了，他正要离开她了，但是她心里觉得她不能容忍他让她无所麻盖，他现在得永久地庇盖着她。 + +但是他终于引退了，他吻着她，把她遮掩起来，然后开始遮掩着他自己，她躺着，仰望着上面的树枝，还是没有力量移动，他站着，把他的短裤扣好了，向四周望着，一切都在死寂中，只有那受惊的小狗儿，鼻子挟在两脚中间，俯伏着。他在树枝堆上重新坐了下去，静默地握着康妮的手。 + +“这一次我们是同时完毕的。”他说。 + +她回转头来望着他，没有回答。 + +“象这个样子是很好的，大部分化，过了一生还不知道这个呢。”他象是做梦似地说着。 + +她望着他的沉思的股。 + +“真的么？”她说，“你快乐吗？” + +他回转头来向她眼里望着，”快乐，”他说，“是的，但是不要谈这个，他不要她谈这个。”他俯着身去吻她，她觉得他应该这样永久地吻着她。 + +最后，她坐了起来。 + +“人们很少有同时完毕的么？”她用一种天真的好奇心问道。 + +“很少。你只要看他们的呆板的样子便看得出来。”他无可奈何地说着，心里懊悔着为什么开始了这种谈话。 + +“你和基耸女人这样完毕过么” + +他觉得好笑地望着她。 + +“我不知道。”他说，“我不知道。” + +她明白了，他决不会对她说他所不愿说的事情的，她望着他的脸，她对他的热情，在她脏腑在颤动着，她尽力抑制着，因为她觉得自己迷失着了。 + +他穿好了上衣和外套；在小杉树丛中避开了一条路直至小径上。落日的最后光辉，沉在树林梢头了，“我不送你了。”他说，“还是不送的好。” + +在他离开之前，她热情地望着他，他的狗儿不耐烦恼地等着他。她好象没有什么话好说了，再也没有什么了。 + +康妮缓缓地归去，明白了在她的坦克面，另有一件深藏着的东西了。唱一个自我在她的里面活着，在她的子宫里，脏腑里，温柔地溶化着，燃烧着，她以这个眶我的全部，去崇拜她的情人，她崇拜到觉得走路时，两膝都柔软无力起来，在她的子宫里，脏腑里，她满足地，生气蓬勃地，脆弱地，不能自己地崇拜着他，好象一个最天真的妇人。她对自己说：“那好象是个孩子，那好象有个孩子在我的里面。”……那是真的，她的子宫，好象一向是关闭着的，现在是展开了。给一个新的生命充实了，这新的生命虽然近于一种重负，但是却是可爱的。 + +“要是我有了孩子！”她心里想着，“要是我有了他的孩子在我的里面！”……想到了这个，她的四脚软怠了，她明白了有个自我的孩子，和有个全身全心欲爱着的男人的孩子，这其间是有天壤之别的，前者似乎是平凡的，但是从一个整个心欲崇拜着的男子得到孩子，那使她觉得和旧日的大不相同了。那使她深深地，深深地沉醉在一切女性的中心里，沉醉在开化以前的睡眠里。 + +她所觉得新奇的并不是热情，而是那渴望的崇拜。这是她一向所惧怕的，因为这种崇拜的情感要使她失掉力量；她现在还在惧怕，唯恐她崇拜得过深时她要把自己迷失了，把自己抹杀了，她不愿象一个未开花的女子似地被抹煞而成为一个奴隶。她决不要成为一个奴隶，她惧怕她的崇拜的心情，但是她了愿立刻反抗起来，她胸中有个固执的意志，那是很可以对她子宫里的日见增大的崇拜的温情宣战而把它歼灭的。甚至现在，她可以这样做，至少她心里这样想，她可以忽意地驾驭她的热情。 + +唉，是的，热情得象一个古罗马时代狂饮烂醉的酒神的女祭司，在树林中奔窜着找寻伊亚科斯，找寻这个无人性的，纯粹是的神仆赫阳物！男子，这个人，得不要让他僭越。他只是个库堂的司阉者，他只是那赫赫阳物的持有者与守护者，这阳物是属于女子的。 + +这样，在这新的醒觉中，古代的坚固的热情，在她心里燃了些时，把男子缩小成一个可陪鄙的东西，仅仅是一个阳物的持有者，当他尽他的职务是，全果被撕成碎片的，她觉得她的四肢和身体里面，有着那种古代狂欢节的族纵的女祭司的力量，有着那种蹂躏男性的热情而迅速的女人的力量。但是，当她觉着这个的时候，她的心是沉重的，她不要这一切，这一切都是不神秘的，光赤的，不育的，只有崇拜的温情才是她的宝藏，这写藏是这样的深奥而温柔，这样的神秘而不可思仪！不，不，不，她要放弃她的坚固的、光辉的、妇人权威，这东西使她觉得疲乏而僵硬；她要沉没在生命的新的洗浴里，沉没在无声地歌唱着崇拜之歌的她的子宫脏腑的深处，那未免太早去开始惧怕男子了。 + +“我到玛尔海去散步来，并且和弗林太太喝了杯茶。”她对克利福说，“我是想去看她的孩子的，她的头发好象是好的蛛丝，这孩子真可爱，真是个宝贝！弗林上市场去了，所以她和我和孩子大家一起一吃了些茶点，你没有纳闷我到那儿去了吗？” + +“是的，我纳闷不知你到那儿支他，但是我猜着你定是在什么地方喝茶去了，。克利福嫉妨地说，他的心眼里，觉察了她有着什么新的地方，有着什么她不太了解的地方，但是他把这个归因于孩子。他相信康妮之所苦脑，都是因为没有孩子，换句话，都是因为她不能机械地生个孩子。 + +“夫人，我看见你穿过了花园打那铁门出去，。波太太说，“所以我想你恐怕是到牧师家里去了。” + +这两今妇人的眼睛交视着，波太太的是灰色的，光耀的，探究的；康妮的是蓝色的，朦胧的，奇异地美丽的，波太太差不多断定康妮有了个情人了。但是这怎么可能呢？那里来个男子呢？ + +“呵，不时出去走走，访访人家，于你是很有益处的。”波太太说，“我刚对克利福男爵说，如果夫人肯多出访访人，于她是有无限益处的。” + +“是的，我觉得很高兴出去走一趟，克利福，那真是个可爱的孩子，这样玲珑而毫无忌惮”康妮说，“她的头发简直象蜘蛛网，有着光耀的橙红色，两只眼睛淡蓝得象磁做的一样，那奇妙而毫无忌惮自然呵，因为那是个女孩，否则不会这么大胆的。” + +“夫人说得一点不错……那简直是个小弗林。他们一家都是多头发。都是毫无忌惮的。”波太太说。 + +“你喜欢看看她吗．克利福：我已经约了她们来虽茶，这样你就可以看看她了。” + +“谁？”他一边说，一边怪不安地望着康妮。“弗林太太和她的女孩下星期一。” + +“你可以请他们到楼上你房里去。”他说。 + +“怎么，你不想看看那孩子么？”她喊道。 + +“呵，看看倒无所谓但是我不想整个钟头和她们坐在一块几喝茶。” + +“呵！”康妮说着，两只朦胧的大眼睛望着他。 + +其实她并没有看贝，他、他是另一个什么人。 + +“你们可以舒舒服服地在你楼上房里用茶呢，夫人，克利福男爵不在一块儿。弗林太太要觉得自在得多的。”波太太说。 + +她确定康妮已有了情人了，她的灵魂里有什么东西在欢欣着，但是他是谁呢？他是谁呢’也许弗林太太替她牵线的罢。 + +那晚上，康妮不愿意洗澡。她觉得他触过她的肉，她觉得他的肉紧贴过她，这感觉于她走可贵的。是一神圣的感觉。 + +克利福觉得非常烦躁。晚饭后，他不愿让她走开，而她却渴望着快点到房是城去孤独地待着，她的眼睛望着他但是奇异地顺从他。 + +“我们玩玩牌呢。还是让我念书给你听？”他不安地问道。 + +“念书给我听罢。”康妮说。 + +“念什么……诗呢。散文呢，还是戏剧呢？” + +“念点拉车的诗罢。”她说。 + +从前，他法式的抑扬婉转地念拉车的诗是他的拿手好戏，但是现在呢，他再也没有那种气派，而且有点局促了，其实，与其念书，她是宁愿听收音机，但是康却替弗林太大的婴孩缝着一件黄绸的小衣裳；那衣料是她散步回一晚餐以前，从她的一件衣裳剪裁下来的，她静航海地坐着，在温柔地情绪中沉醉着，疑缝缀着，与此同时，他在继续在念着拉辛的诗。 + +在她的心晨，她可以感觉到热情在嗡嗡发声，好象沉钟的尾声。 + +克利福对她说了些关于拉辛的话，他说过了好一会，她才明白他说什么。 + +“是的！是的！”她抬头望着他说，“做得真好。” + +她的眼睛的深妙的蓝光，和她的温柔的静坐着的神情、重新使他惊骇起来，她来没有那么温柔，那么静航海的，她使他不能自己地迷惑着，好象她在发着什么香味使他沉醉似的。这样，他无力地继续着念诗；他的法文发音的喉音，她觉是烟囱里的风似的，他念的拉辛的诗句，她一宇也都没有听到。 + +她已经沉醉在她的温柔的美梦里了，好象一个发着芽的春天的森林，梦昧地，欢快地，在呜咽着，她可以感觉着在同一曲世界里，他和她是在一起的，他，那无名的男子，用着美丽的两脚，神妙地美丽的两脚，向前移支，在她的心里，在她的血脉里，她感觉着他和他的孩子，他的孩子是在她所有血脉里，象曙光一样。 + +“因为她没有手，没有眼，没有脚，也没有金发的宝藏 + +她象一个森林似的，象一个阴暗的、橡树交错的树林似的，千千万万地蓓苗在开发着，在无声地低语着。同时，那些欲望的鸟儿，在她错缩浓密的身体里睡着。 + +但是克利福的声音不停地、异乎寻常地轨轹着，咕噜着。多么异样的声音！多么异样的他，倾着身在他的书本上，样子是奇怪的，贪婪的，文明的，他有宽阔的肩膊，却没有两条真腿！多么怪异的生物，天赋着尖锐的！冷酷无情的、某种鸟类的意志，没有热力，一点都没有！这是未一煌生物之一，没有灵魂，只有一个极活支斩冷酷的意志。她怕他，微微地颤战起来，不过，温柔的热烈的生命之火焰，是比他更强的，并且真实的事情却瞒着他呢。 + +诗念宛了。她吃了一惊，她抬头看见克利福的灰白而乖恶的眼睛，好象含恨地在望着她，这更使她惊愕起来。 + +“非常感谢！你念拉辛念得真好！”她温柔地说。’ + +“差不多念和昨你听着一样的好。”他残酷地说。“你在什么着什么？”他问。 + +“我替弗林太太的孩子做件衣裳。” + +他的头转了过去，孩子！孩子！她只想着这个。 + +“毕竟呢，”他用一种浮夸的口气说，“我们所需要的，都可以从拉辛的诗里得到，有条理有法则的情绪。是比紊乱的情绪更重要的。” + +她的两只朦胧的大眼睛注视着他。 + +“是的，的确！”她说。 + +“近代人让情绪放荡无羁，这只有使情绪平庸化罢了，我们所需要的，便是有古典的约束。” + +“是的。”她缓缓地说看见他的脸孔毫无表情，正在听着收套机的激动人心的痴话，“人们假装着有情绪、其买他们是毫无所感的，我想这便是所谓浪温罢。” + +“一点不错！”他说。 + +实在说，他是疲惫了。这种晚上使他疲惫了，与其过着这样的晚上，他是宁愿读点技术上的书，或和矿场的经理谈话，或是听收半日机的。 + +被太太带了两杯麦芽牛奶走了进来，一杯是给克利福喝了好安睡的，一杯是给康妮喝了好长胖的，这是她介绍勒格贝来的一种经常的的夜点。 + +康妮喝完了后，心里高兴，她可以走开，并且心里感激着不必去帮助克利福就寝的事了。 + +“晚安。克利福，祝你安睡？拉车的涛好象一个梦似的深人人心，晚安！” + +她向门边走去她没有吻他晚安便走了，他的尖锐而冷酷的眼瞄望看她，好！他为她念下整晚的诗她却连一个晚安的吻都不给他这样的铁石心肠！即令说这种亲吻只是一种形式罢，但生命是筑在这种形工上的、她实在是个波尔雪维克主义者！她的本能鄙是波尔雪维克主义者的！他冷酷地、愤怒地望着她从那里出支泊那个门。愤怒！” + +他给夜之恐怖所侵袭了．他只是一团神经同甘共网结着的东西，当他不用全力兴奋地工作的时候，或当他不空泛迷离地听着收音机的时候，他便给焦虑的情绪纠缠着，而感觉着一种大祸临头的空洞，他恐怖着，假如康妮愿意的话，她是可以保护他的。但是显然她并不愿意，她并不愿意，她是冷酷无情的，他为好汽做的一切，她都漠然无睹，他把他的生命捐弃绘她，她还是漠然元睹。她只想我先系，任性您情地让她自己的道路。 + +现在她所醉心的便是孩子，她要这个孩子是她自己的。全是她自己的，而不是他的！ + +虽然，克利福的身体是很壮健的，他的脸色是这样的红润‘他的肩膊宽阔而有力，他的胸膛是这样大的，他发胖了。但是，同时他却怕死。什么地方好象有个可的空洞在恐吓着他，好象一个深渊似的；他的精力要崩倒在这深里，有时他软弱无力地觉得自己要死了，真的死了。 + +因此他的有点突出的两只灰色的眼睛，显怪异的，诡秘，却有点残暴，冷酷而同时差不多又是无忌惮的，这种无忌惮的神气是奇特的，好象他不怕生命如休强悍，而他却战胜着生命似的。“谁能认识意志之神秘一因为意志竟能胜天使……” + +但是他所最恐怖的，便是当他不能人睡的夜里那时真是可怖，四方作斋的空虚压抑着他毫无生命而生存着，多么可怕！在深夜里毫天生命、却生存着！ + +但是现在，他可以按铃叫波太太，这是个大大的安慰。她穿着室内便友走了过来、头发辫结着垂在背后、虽然她的棕色的头发里杂着自发地却奇异地有少女的暗淡的神气。她替他煮咖啡或煮凉茶或和他玩象棋或“毕克”纸牌戏。她有着那种对于游戏的奇民蝗女性的才能甚至在睡眼朦胧中还能下一手好象棋，而使他觉得胜之无愧。这样，在深夜的，静寂的亲密里，他们坐着。或是她坐着，而他卧在床上，桌上了灯光孤寂地照着他们。她失去了睡眠，他失去了恐怖。他们玩着，一起玩着一然后一起喝杯咖啡，吃块饼干，在万籁俱寂的深夜里，两人都不太说什么话、但是两人的心里都觉得安泰了。 + +这晚上，她奇怪着究竟谁是查太莱男爵夫人的情人。她又想起他的德底，他虽早已死了，但旦她总是没有十分死的。当她想起他时，她对于人世的，尤其对于那些残害他的生命的主子们的心底旧恨，便苏醒了转来，那些主于们并没有真的残害他的生命。但是，在她的情感上，都是真的。因为这个，在她心的深处，她是个虚无主义者，而且真的是无政府主义者。 + +在她的朦胧半睡中，她杂乱地想着她的德底和术太莱男爵夫人的不知名的情人。这一来，她觉得和那另一个妇人共有着对于克利福男爵，以及他所代表的一切事物的大怨恨。同时，她却和他玩着“毕克”，赌着六便士的胜负。和一个有爵位的人玩“毕克”，甚至输了六便士，毕竟是可引为荣誉的事呢。 + +他们玩纸牌戏时，是常常赌钱的，那可以使他忘掉自己。他是常常赢的。这晚上还是他赢，这一来，不到天亮，他不愿去就寝了。侥幸地，在四点半钟左右，睡光开始显现了。在这一段的时间里，康妮上在床酣睡着，但，是那守猎人，他也不能安息，他把鸡笼关闭了，在树林里巡逻一同，然后回家去吃夜餐。他并不上床去，他坐在火旁边思索着。 + +他想着他在达娃斯哈过支泊童年，和他的五、六年的结婚生活，他照例苦味地想着他的妻。她是那样粗暴的！但是他自从一九一五年的春天入伍之后，便至今没有见过她。然而她还在不到三英里路之遥生活着，而且比一向更其粗暴。他希望这一生永不再见她了。 + +他想着他在国外的士兵的生涯由印度到埃及，又回到印度，那盲目的、无忧虎的、与马群在一起的生涯；那爱他的，也是他所爱的上校；那几年的军官生涯大可以升为上尉的中尉生涯然后上校的死于肺炎，和他自己的死里逃生；他的残的健康的，他的深大的不安，他的离开军职而回到英国来再成为一个用人。 + +他只是把生命托延着。在这树林中，至秒在短期内，他相信定可安全，在那里，并没有人来打猎，他的唯一的事便是养育雉鸡，他可以孤独而与生命隔绝，这便是他唯一希望的事，他得有一块立足的地方，俺这儿是他的出世的故乡。甚至他的老母还住在这儿，虽则他对于他的母亲一向并没有什么了不起的感情。他可以一天一天地继续着生活，与人无术怨，于心无奢望。因为他是茫然不知所措的。 + +他是茫然不知所措的。自从他当过几年军官，并且和其他的军官和公务员以及他们的家庭交往以来，他的一切雄心都死了，他认识了中上阶级是坚韧的，象橡胶一样奇异的坚韧，却缺乏生命，这使他觉得冰冷，而且觉得自己和他们是多么相异。 + +这样，他重新回到他自己的阶级里去，在那里去找回几年外出之中所忘记了的东西，那些下分令人重大不的卑贱的心情和庸俗的仪态。他现在终于承认仪态是多么重要的了，而且他承认，假装对于一两个铜板和其它生命中的琐事满不在乎的样子是多么重要的了，但是在平民之中是没有什么假装的，猪油的价钱多一枚或少一枚铜板，是比删改《圣经》更重要的。这使他真忍受不了！ + +况且，那儿还有工资的问题呵。他已经在占有阶级中生活过，他知道希图解决工资问题是多么徒劳梦想的事，除了死之外，是没有解决的可能的。中有不要管，不要管什么工资问题。 + +然而，要是没有钱而且不幸，你便不得不管，无论怎样，这渐渐成为他们所担心的唯一的事情了。钱的担心，好象一种庞大的痈病，咀食着一切阶级中的个人，他不愿为钱担心。 + +那么又怎样呢：生命除了为钱担心以外，还有什么？什么都没有。 + +可是他可以孤独地生活着，心里淡淡地满足着自己能够孤独，养雉鸡，这些雉鸡是终要给那些饱餐以后的肥胖先生们射乐的，多么空泛！多么徒然！ + +但是为什么担心，为什么烦脑呢？他没有担心，也没有烦脑过，直至现在这个女人来到了他的生命里，他差不多大她十岁，他的经验比她多一千年，他俩间的关系日见密切，他已可以预见那一天，他们再也不能脱这关系，而他们便不得不创造一个共同的生活了。“因为爱之束缚不易解开！” + +那么怎样呢？怎样呢？他是不是必须赤手空拳地从新开始？他走不是定要牵累这个女人？他是不是定和要她的残废的丈夫作可怖掐吵？还要和他自己的粒暴而含恨的妻作些可怖的争吵？多么不幸！多么不幸！并且他已经不年轻了，他再也不轻快活泼了，他又不是无忧无虑的那种人，所有的苦楚和所有的丑恶都能使他受伤，还有这个妇人。 + +但是纵令他们把克利福男爵和他自己的妻的障碍除去了，纵令他们得到了自由，他们又将怎样呢？他自己己又将怎样呢？他将怎样摆布他的生活呢？因为他总得做点什么事他不能让自己做寄生虫，依靠她的金钱和他自己的很小的恤金度日的！ + +这是一个不能解决的问题。他只能幻想着到美国去，到美国去尝口新鲜的空气，他是毫不相信金元万元的，但是也许那儿会有旁的什么东西。 + +他不能安息，甚至不愿上床去，他呆呆的在苦味地思索中坐到了半夜，他突然地站了起来，取了他的外套和枪。 + +“来罢，女孩儿。”他对狗儿说，“我们还是到外头去的好。” + +这是个无月亮的繁垦之夜，他举着轻轻的步伐，缓缓地，小心地巡逻着，他唯一所要留神的东西，便是矿工们尤其是史德门的矿工们在玛尔附近所放的舞免机，但是现在是生育的季节，甚至矿工们对这点都有点新生而不过分放肆的，虽然，这样偷偷地巡逻着，去搜索偷掳野兽的人，却使他的神经安静了下来，而使他忘记了思虑。 + +但是，当他缓缓地，谨慎地巡逻完了的时候——那差不多要走五英里路一他觉得疲乏了，他走上山顶上去，向四周眺望。除了永不这地工的，史德门矿场的隐约而断续的声音外，没有什么其他的息；除了工厂里一排一排的闪炼的电灯光外，差不多没有什么其他的光，世界在烟雾中阴森地沉睡着，那是两点半了，但是这世界虽然是在沉睡中，还是不安，残的绘火车声和大路上经过的大货车的声音搅扰着，给高炉的玫瑰色的光照耀着。这是一个铁与煤的世界。铁的残忍。煤的乌姻和无穷无尽的念婪，驱驶着这世上的一切，在它的睡眠里，只有贪婪骚扰着。 + +夜是冷的，他咳嗽起来，一阵冷风在小山上吹着，他想着那妇人，现在他愿放弃他所有一切或他会有的一切、去换取这个妇人，把她抱在两臂里、两个人暖暖地拥在一张毡子里酣睡，一切未来的希望和一切过去的获得，他都愿放弃了去换取她，和她温暖地拥有一蹬毡子丑酣睡，只管酣睡。他觉得把这个妇人抱在他臂里睡觉”是他唯一的需要的事情。 + +他到小屋里去．盖着毡子、躺在地上预备睡觉，但是他不能人睡，他觉得冷，此外。他残酷地觉得他自己的天性的缺憾。他残酷地觉得他的孤独条件的不全，他需要她，他想摸触她，想把她紧紧地抱在怀里，共享那圆满而酣睡的片荆。 + +他重新站了起来，走出门去，这一次他是向着花园的门走去，然后慢慢地沿着小径向着大厦走去，那时差不多是四点钟了，夜是透明的，寒冷的，但是曙光还没有出现，他是习惯于黑夜的人，他能清楚地辨别一切。 + +慢慢地，慢慢地，那大厦好象磁石似地吸引他。他需要去亲近她，那并不是为了情欲，不，那是为了那残酷的缺憾的孤独的感觉，这种感觉是需要一个静寂的妇人抱在他的两臂里，才能使它消逝的，也许他能找到她罢，也许他甚至可以唤她出来，或者寻个方法到她那里去罢。因为这种需要是不可拒抗的。 + +缓慢地，静默的，他攀登那小山坡向着大厦走去，他走到了山摄，绕过那结大树，踏上了绕着大厦门前那块菱形的草地，而直达门口的那条大路。门前那大草坪上矗立着的两株大山毛梯树，在夜色中阴暗地浮出，他都看得清楚了。 + +这便是那大厦，低低的，长长的，暖味的，楼下点着一盏灯，那是克利福男爵的卧室，但是那牵着柔丝的极端残酷地引诱着他的妇人，竟在那一间房子呢？他可不知道。 + +他再前进了几步，手里拿着枪，在那大路上呆站着，注视着那大屋，也许他现在还可以用个什么方法找到她，面到她那儿去罢，这屋并不是难进的；他又有夜盗一样的聪明，为什么不到那儿去呢？他呆呆地站着，等着。这时，曙光在他的背后微微的破露了。他看见屋里的灯光熄灭了，但是他却没有看见被太太走近窗前，把深蓝色的绸窗幕拉开，望着外面黎明的半暗的天，希冀着曙光的早临，等待着，等待着克利福知道真的天亮了。因为当他知道的确天亮了时，他差不多便可以即刻入睡的。 + +她站在窗边，睡眼惺松地等待着，突然地，她吃了一惊，差不多叫出来了，因为那大路上，在黎明中，有个黑暗的人影。她完全清醒了，留神地审视着，但是不露声色，免得打扰克利福男爵的清睡。 + +自日的光明开始疯疯地侵浸在大地上了；那黑暗的人影好象变小了，更清楚了，她分辨了枪和脚绊和宽大的短衣外一这不是奥利华·梅乐士那守猎人吗？是的，因她的狗儿在那里，好象一个影子似地东闻西嗅着，等着它的主人呢！ + +但是这人要什么呢？他是不是想把大家叫醒了？为什么他钉着似地站在那儿，仰望着这大厦，好象一条患着相思病的公狗，站在母狗的门前？ + +老天爷哟！波太太陡然地醒悟了，查太莱男的夫人的情人便是他！便是他！ + +多么令人惊讶！但是她自己一爱微·波东敦，也曾有点钟爱过他的。那时，他是十六岁的孩子，面她是个二十六岁的妇人。她还在研究着护学，他曾大大地帮助过她研究关于解副学和其他应学的东西，那是个聪慧的孩子，他得过雪非尔德公学的奖学拿，学过法文和其他的东西，以后终竟成了个蹄铁匠，他说那是因炮喜欢马的缘故，其实那是因为他不敢与世触，不过他永不承认罢了。 + +但是他是个可爱的孩子，很可爱的孩子，他曾大大地帮助过她，他有很巧妙的法使你明白事情，他的聪明全不下于克利福男爵，并且他和妇女们是秀合得来的，人都说，他和妇人们是比和男子们更合得来的。 + +直至他蠢笨地和那白黛·古蒂斯结了婚，这种婚姻仿佛是为了泄愤似的，有许多人是这样的，他们是为了汇愤而结婚的，因为他们有过什么失意的事情，无疑地这是个失败的婚姻……在大战期中，他出外去了几年，他成了一个中尉，做了个十足的上流人！然后回到达娃斯哈来当一个守猎人！真的，有些人是不知道攫着机会上升的！他重新说起一回下注阶级所说的土话，而她一爱微·波尔敦，却知道他愿意时，是可以说在任何贵绅所说的英语。 + +呵呵！原来男爵夫人给他迷住了！晤，他并不是第一个……他有着一种什么迷人的东西，不过，想想看！一个达娃斯哈村里生长教养出来的孩子！而是勒格贝大厦里的男爵夫人的情人！老实说，这是绘查太莱大富大贵之家的一个耳光哟！ + +但是他，那守猎人，看见白日渐渐显现，他明白了，那是徒劳的，想把你自己从孤独中解脱出来，边种尝试是徒劳的，你得一生依附着这孤独，空罅的弥补只是间或的事，只是间或的！但是你得等待这时机来到，接受你的孤独而一生依着它。然后接受弥补空田的时机，但是这时机是自已来的，你不能用力勉强的。 + +骤然地。引诱他么追臆她的狂欲毁碎了。这是他毁碎的，因为他觉得那应该这样，双方都应该互相对着趋近，假如她不向他前来，他便不应去追逐她。他不应这样，他得走开，直至她向他前来的时候。 + +他缓缓地，沉思地、转身走开，重新接受着他的孤立，他知道这样是好些的，她应该向他前来，追逐她是没有用的，没有用的。 + +波太太看着他婚姻没了，看着他的狗儿跑着跟在他的后面。 + +“呵呵，原来这样！”对延迟产，“我一向就没有想以他，而他恰恰便我所应该想到的！我没有了德底以后(那时他还年轻)他曾对象很好过，呵，呵！假如他知道了的话，他将怎么说呢！” + +她向着自已经入睡了的克利福得意地望了一眼，轻轻地走出了房门。 + + + + + +第十一章(1) + + +康妮正在一间旧物贮藏室里收拾着。勒格贝有好几间边样的贮藏室，这林厦真是个么贮藏库，而这家人却永不把旧东西南卖。佐佛莱男爵的父亲喜欢收藏图画，佐佛莱男爵的母亲喜欢收藏十六世纪的意大利家具。佐佛莱男爵他自己喜欢收藏橡木雕刻的老箱子，教堂里的圣衣箱。边样一代一代地传下来。克利福收藏些近代画，一些不大值钱的近代画。 + +在这旧物贮藏室里，有些兰德西尔的坏作品，有些韩特的可怜的鸟巢和其他一堆庸俗的皇家艺术学会会员的绘画，都是足使一个皇家艺术学会会员的女人吓倒的。她决意把这一切东西查阅一遍，整理出来，那些粗重的有具使她觉得有趣。 + +她发现了一个家传的红木老摇篮。这摇篮被谨慎地包捆着，以防尘埃和损坏。她把它拆开了。这摇篮有着某种可人的地方；她审视了一番。 + +“真可借用不着这个摇篮。”在旁边帮着忙的被太太叹着气说，“虽然这样的摇篮现在已经太旧式了。” + +“也许有一天用得着的，我也许要有个孩子呢。”康妮从容地说，仿佛说着她也许可以有一顶新帽子似地轻易。 + +“难道你是说克利福男爵可以好些么？”波太太结结巴巴地说。 + +“不必等到他好些了，我是照他现在的情况说。他只是筋肉的瘫痪罢了——这对他是没有妨碍的。”康妮自然得象呼吸似地说着谎。 + +那是克利福给她的主意，她说过，“自然啦，我还可以生个孩子的。我并不是真的残废了，纵令臀部和腿部的筋肉瘫痪了，而且殖力是可以容易恢复的，那时种子便可以传递了。” + +他对于彩矿问题是这样的致力，在这种活泼奋勇的日子里，他真的好象觉得他的性功能就要恢复了。康妮恐怖地望着他。但是她是够机警地把他的暗示拿来当作她自己的武器的。因为假如她能够的话，她定要有个孩子的，不过那决不是克利福的孩子。 + +波太大气窒着呆了一会，过后，她知道了这只是欺骗的话罢了，不足相信的，不过，今日的医生们是能做这种事的；他们很能够做接种这类的事情的。 + +“呵，夫人，我只希望和褥着你可以有个孩子，对于你和对于大家，那是件多么可喜的事！老实说，勒格贝大厦里有个孩子，事情就大不同了！” + +“可不是？”康妮说。 + +她选了三张六十年前的皇家艺术学会会员的图画，去送给学兰公爵夫人主办的慈善贩卖会。人家叫她做“贩卖会会爵 + +夫人”，她是常常向所有的有爵位的人征求物品给她贩卖的， + +她得了这三张装了框、署了皇家艺术学会会员的名的图画，定 + +要得意极了，她也许还要亲自来拜谢呢，克利福是顶讨厌她的造访的！ + +“但是，天呀！”波太太心里想，“你准备给我们的是不是梅乐士的孩子啊？天呀，天呀，那简直是一个达娃斯哈的孩子在勒格贝大厦摇篮里了！不过那也可以无愧于这个摇篮的！” + +在这旧物贮藏室堆积着的许多离奇古怪的东西中，有一日黑漆的大箱子，做得非常巧妙，这是六七十年前的东西，里面安排着各种各样的物件，上面是一些梳妆用品；刷子、瓶子、镜子、梳子、小盒子甚至三个精致的保险小剃刀、肥皂、确和一切刮脸用品。下面是写字台用品：吸水纸、笔、墨水瓶、纸、信封、记事薄。再下全是在女红用具；三把大小不同的剪刀、针、信封、记事簿。再下便是女红用具；三把大小不同的剪刀、针、针箍、丝线、棉线。补缀用的木球，这一切都是精细的上品，此外还有个放药品的格子，瓶子上标着名种药名：“鸦片药酒”、“松香水”、“丁香精”等，但都是空的。一切都是没有用过的东西。整个箱子台起来的时候，象一个小而拥肿的提箱。里面摆布得迷魂阵一样的密。密到子里的，水都流不出来：因为一点空也都没有了。 + +做工和设计都非常精美，这是维多利亚时代的手艺但是这箱子却有点太怪异了。购置这日箱子的查太莱前辈一定也有这种感觉所以从来没有人拿来使用过，这是一口无灵魂的死箱子。 + +虽然，波太太却喜欢极了。 + +看看多美丽的刷子这么值钱的东西，甚至那三把刮脸用的肥筇刷，都是无美不备啊！还有那些剪刀！那是钱所能买的最精致的东西了。呵！真可爱！” + +“你觉得么？”康妮说，“那么，你拿去罢。” + +“呵，不！夫人。” + +“是的，拿去罢！否则它要在这儿搁到地球末日呢。假如你不要，我便拿来和图画一起送给公爵夫人了，她是不配受用这许多东西的。真的，拿去罢！” + +“呵！夫人！我真不知道怎么感谢你才好。” + +“那么不要感谢好了。”康妮笑着说。 + +波太太手里抱着那只大而黝黑的箱子，兴奋得满面春风地走下楼来。 + +女管家白蒂斯太太驶着车，把波太太利她的箱子，带到村里她家中去。那得请几位朋友来玩赏玩赏于是她请了药剂师的女儿、女教员和一个掌柜助手的女人维顿太太到家里来。她们赏叹了一番之后，开始低谈着查太莱男爵夫人要生小孩了。 + +“神奇的事情是常常有的。”维顿太太说。 + +但是波太太坚信着，如果孩子真出世了，那定是克得福男爵的孩子。便是这样！ + +不久以后，教区的牧师来对克利福慈祥地说： + +“我们是不是可以希望一个勒格贝的继承者呢？呵，要是这样，那真是圣灵显迹了！ + +”晤！我们可以这样希望吧。”克利福带着微徽和讥讽同时又有着某种信心地说。他开始相信那是很可能的。甚至相信孩子也许是他的限。 + +一天下午，大家都叫他做“乡绅文达”的来斯里·文达来了，这是个清瘦、修洁的、七十岁的老先生。“从头到脚都是贵绅。”正始波太太对白蒂斯太太说的一样。的确！他说起话来那种“咳咳！”不绝曰的古老样子，好象比从前戴假发的绍绅还来得冬烘。飞奔的时光，把这些古雅的东西都淘汰了。 + +他们讨论着煤矿问题。克利福的意思，以为他的煤炭的品质给纵令不佳．但是可以做成一种集中燃料，这种燃料如果加以某种带酸的湿空气，好好强压起来，是能够发出很大的热力的，很久以来，人们已注意过这种事实了。在一种强有力的湿风之中，煤炕边燃烧出来的火是畅亮的，差不多没有烟的，剩下来的只是些灰粉，而不是粉红色的粗大砂砾。 + +“但是你到哪里去找到适当的机器去用你的燃料呢？”文达问道。 + +“我要自己去制造这种机器，并且自己去消用这种燃料。这样产生出来的电力我便拿出来卖。我确信这是可以做的。” + +“假如你做得到的话，那好极了，好极了，我的孩子。咳！好极了！要是我能够帮什么忙的话，我是很愿意的。我恐怕我自己利我的煤矿场都是不太合时宜了。但是谁知道呢？当我瞑目以后，还可以有象你一样的人，好极了！这一来所有的工人又有工作了，那时代不要再管煤销不销了。真是好主意，我希望这主意可以成功，要是我自已有儿子的话，无疑地他们会曾希勃来矿场出些新主意。无疑的！顺便问一句，我的亲爱的孩子，外面传的风声，究竟真不真？我们是不是可以希望个勒格贝的继承人？” + +“外面有这么一个风声么？”克利福问道。 + +“是的，亲爱的孩子，住在惠灵坞的马沙尔向我问起这事是不是真的，这便是我听到的风声，自然，要是这是无稽之谈，我决不向外多嘴的。” + +“晤，文达先生。”克利福不安地说，但是两只眼睛发着异光。“希望是有一个的，希望是有一个的。” + +文达从房子的那边踱了过来，把克利福的手紧握着。 + +“我亲爱的孩子，我亲爱的朋友，你知道不知道我听了心里多快活？知道你抱着得子的希望工作着，也许那一天达娃斯哈的工人都要重新受雇于你了！呵，我的孩子、能够保持着家声，和有着现成的工作给有意工作的任何人……” + +老头儿实在感动了。 + +第二天康妮正把一些黄色的郁金香安置在一个玻璃瓶里。 + +“康妮，”克利福说，“你知道外边传说着你就要给勒格贝生一个继承人了吗？” + +康妮觉得给恐怖笼罩着了。但是她却安泰地继续布摆着她的花。 + +“我不知道。”她说，“那是笑话呢，还是有意中伤？” + +他静默了一会，然后答道： + +“我希望两样都不是。我希望那是一个预言。” + +康妮还是在整理着她的花。 + +“我今早接了父亲一封信。”她说，“他问我，他已经替我答应过亚力山大·柯泊爵士，在七月和八月到他的威尼斯的‘爱斯姆拉达别墅去度署的事，忘记了没有。” + +“七月和八月？”克利福说。 + +“呵，我不会留两个月他么久的，你真的不能一起去么” + +“我不愿到国外旅行去。”克利福迅速地说。 + +她把花拿到窗前去。 + +“在是我去，你不介意罢？”她说，“你知道那是答应了的事情。” + +你要去多少时候？” + +“也许三个星期。” + +大家静默了一会。” + +“那吗，”克利福慢慢地、带几分忧郁地说，“假如你去了一定还想回来的话，我想三个星期我是可以忍受的。” + +“我一定要回来的。”她质朴地娴静地说，心里确信着她是一定要回来的。她正想着另一个男子。 + +克利福觉着她的确信，他相信她，他相信那是为了他的缘故。他觉得心上的一块石头松了，他马上笑逐颜开起来。 + +“这样吗，”他说，“我想是没有问题的，是不是？” + +“是的。”她说。 + +“换换空气，你定要觉得快乐罢？” + +她的奇异的蓝色的眼睛望着他。 + +“我很喜欢再见见威尼斯，”她说，“并且在那浅水湖过去的小岛的沙滩上洗洗澡。但是你知道我是厌恶丽岛的！我相信我不会喜欢亚力大·柯泊爵士和柯泊爵士夫人的。但是有希尔达在那儿，并且假如我们有一只自己的游艇，那么，是的，那定是有趣的。我实在希望你也能一起去呢。” + +她说这话是出于至诚的。她根愿意在这种小事情上使他快乐快乐的。 + +“唉，但是想象一下我在巴黎北车站或加来码头上的情形罢！” + +“但是那有什么关系呢？我看过其他的在大战中受了伤的人，用异床抢着呢。何况我们是可以坐汽车去呢。” + +“那么我们得带两个仆人去了。” + +“呵，用不着，我们带非尔德去全蚝了，那边总会有个仆人的。” + +但是克利福摇了摇头。 + +“今年不动了，亲爱的，今年不去！或者明年再看罢。” + +她忧愁地走开，明年！明年他又将怎样么？ + +她忧愁地走开了，明年！明年他又将怎样么？她自己实在并不想到威尼斯去，现在不，现在是有了那个男了了，但是她还是要去，为了要服从生活的纪律的缘故；而且，要是她有了孩子的话，克利福会相信她是在威尼斯有了个情人的缘故。 + +现在已经是五月了，他们是打算在六月间便要出发的。老是这一类的安排！一个人的生命老是安排定了。轮子转着，转着，把人驱使着，驾双着，人实在是莫可奈何的。 + +已经是五月了，但是天气又寒冷而多雨起来。俗话说的：“寒冷多雨再五月，利于五谷和草秣。”五欲和草袜在我们日重要的东西了！康妮得上啊斯魏去走一趟，这是他们的小市镇。那儿，查太莱的姓名依旧是威风赫赫的，她是一个人去的，非尔得驶着她的汽车。 + +虽然是五月天，而且处处是嫩绿，但是乡间景色是忧郁的。天气是够冷的，雨中杂着烟雾。空气里浮荡着某种倦怠的感觉。一个人不得不在抵抗中生活。无怪乎这些人都是丑恶而粗钝的了。 + +汽车艰辛地爬着上坡，哟过达娃斯哈的散漫龌龊的村落，一些黑色砖墙的屋子，它们的黑石板的屋顶的尖锐的边缘发着亮光，地上的泥土夹着煤屑，颜色是黑的。行人道是湿而黑的。仿佛一切的一切都给凄凉郁的情绪所浸透了。丝没有自然的美，丝毫没有生之乐趣，甚至一只鸟、一只野兽所有的美的本能都全部消失了，人类的直觉官能都全部死了。这种情形是令人寒心的。杂货店的一堆一堆的肥皂，蔬菜店的大黄莱和柠檬，时装钥的丑怪帽了，一幕一幕地在丑恶中过去，跟着是俗不可面的电影戏院，广告画上标着：“妇人之爱！”和原始派监理会的新的大教堂，它的光滑的砖墙和窗上的带青带红的大快玻璃实在是够原始的。再过去，是维斯莱源的小教堂，墙砖是黝黑的，直立在铁栏和一些黑色的小树后边，自由派的小教堂，自以为高人一等，是用乡村风味的沙石筑成的，而且有个钟楼，但并不是个很高的钟楼。就在那后边，有个新建的校舍，是用高价的红砖筑成的，前面有个沙地的运动场，用铁栅环绕着，整个看起来是很堂皇的，又象教堂又象监狱。女孩子们在上着唱歌课，刚刚练习完了“拉一米一多一拉”，正开始唱着一首儿单的短歌。世上再也没有比这个更不象歌唱一自然的歌唱一的东西了：这只是一阵奇异的呼号，带了点腔调的模样罢了。那还赶不上野蛮人；野蛮人还有微妙的节奏。那还赶不上野兽；野兽呼号起来的时候还是有意义的。世上没有象这样可怖的东西，而这种东西却叫做唱歌！当非尔德去添汽油的时候，康妮坐在车里觉得肉麻地听着。这样一种人民，直觉的官能已经死尽，只剩下怪异的机械的呼号和乖房的气力，这种人民会有什么将来呢？ + +在雨中，一辆煤车在轰轰地下着山坡，非尔德添好了油，把车向山坡上开行，经过了那些大的但是凄凉的裁缝店、布匹店和邮政局，来到了寂寞的市场上，那儿，杉·布勒克正在他的所谓“太阳旅店”的酒肆里。伺望着外边的行人，并且向查泰莱男爵夫人的汽车行了士个鞠躬。 + +大教堂是在左边的黑树丛中，汽车现在下坡了，经过“矿工之家”咖啡店。汽车已经经过了“威录敦”、“纳尔逊”、“三桶”和“太阳”这些咖啡酒肆，现在打“矿工之家”门前经过了，然后再经过了“机师堂”，又经过了新开的够华丽的“矿工之乐”，最后经过了几个新的所谓“别墅”而到了上史德门去的黝黑的路，两旁是灰暗的篱笆和暗青色的草原。 + +达娃斯哈！那便是达娃斯哈！快乐的英格兰！莎士比亚的英格兰！晤！不！那是今日的英格兰。自从康妮在那儿居住以后，她明白了。这英格半正生产着一种新的人类，迷醉于金钱及社会政治生活，而自然的直觉的官能却是死灭了的新人类。这是些半死的尸体，但是，活着的一半却奇异地、固执地生活着。这一切都是怪涎的，乖庚的。这是个地下的世界，不可以臆测的世界，我们怎样能够明白这些行尸的反应呢？康妮看见一些大的运货车，里面装满着雪菲尔德钢铁厂的工人，一些具有人类模样的、歪曲的、妖怪样的小东西，正向着蔑洛克去作野外旅行，她的心不禁酸楚起来。她想：唉，上帝呵，人类把自己弄成怎么样了？人类的领导者们，把他们同胞开弄成怎么样了？他们把他们的人性都消灭了，现在世上再也不能有友爱了！那只是一场恶梦！ + +她在—种恐怖的波浪中，重新觉得这一切都是灰色的、令人寒心的失望。这些生物便是工人群众；而上层阶级的内容怎样也是她所深知的，那是没有希望的了，再也没有什么希望的了。可是，她却希望着一个孩子，一个继承人！一个勒格贝的继承人！她不禁惊悸起来。 + +而梅乐士却是从这一切中出来的！是的，但是他与这一切却远隔着，如她自己与这一切无隔着一样。不过，甚至在他那里也没有什么友爱了。友爱死了，那儿只有孤寂与失望。这便是英格兰，英格兰的大部分。康妮很知道，因为她今天是从这样的英格兰的大部分的中心经过的。 + +汽车正向着史德门上去。雨渐渐停止了，空气中浮着一种奇异的、透明的五月之光。乡景一幕一幕地卷了过去，往南是毕克，往东是门司非德和诺汀汉。康妮正向着南方走去。 + +当汽车驶到了高原上面时，她看向见左手边，在一个高临乡野的高地上，那深灰色的，暗淡而雄壮的华梭勃宫堡，下面是些带红色的半新的工人住宅。再下面，便是煤场的大工厂，还正在曰着一缕缕的灰暗的烟和自蒸气，这工厂每年是要把几千几万金镑放在公爵和其他股东的腰包里的。这雄壮的老宫堡；败了，然而它还是高耸天际，俯视着下面湿空气中的黑烟和白雾。 + +转了个弯，他们在高原上向着史德门前进。从这路上看起来，史德门只是个庞大的壮丽的新饭店。离路不远的地方，金碧辉煌的柯宁斯贝饭店，在一种荒寂的情况中耸立着。但是，细看起来，你便看得见左手边一排排精致的“摩登”住宅，安排得象滑牌戏似的，一家家用花园互相隔离着，这是几个妖怪的“主子们”在这块糠人的土地上所玩的一种奇异的骨牌戏。在这个住宅区过去，耸立着一些真正近代矿场的骇人的凌空建筑，一些化学工厂巨大的长廓，它们的形式是前此人类所梦想不到的。在这种庞大的新设备中间，连矿场矿坑本身都不算什么了。在这大建筑的前面，那骨牌戏都是惊奇地摆在那儿，等待着主干们去玩它。 + +这便是战后新兴的史德门。但是事实上，尽管康妮并不认识它，老史德门是在那“饭店”下边半英里路之遥，那是一个老的小矿场，一些黑砖筑的老住宅，一两个小教堂，一两间商店和一两间小酒店。 + +但是这一切都算不得什么了。新工厂里冒着浓烟和蒸汽的地方才是现在的史德门。那儿没有教堂，没有小酒店、甚至没有商店，只有些大工厂。这是现代的奥式皮亚神国里面有着一切的神的殿堂；此外便些模范住宅和饭店，所谓饭店、虽然看起来怪讲究的，其实只是个故工们的酒店罢了。 + +这块新地方，其至是从康妮到勒格贝以后才建筑起来的。那些模范住宅里，住满着从四方八面来的一些流氓，这些人所干的勾安之一，便是去偷捕克利福的兔子。 + + + + + +第十一章(2) + + +汽车在高原上走着，她望着整个的州府，一起一伏地开憎爱分明过去。这个州府往昔是个骄做的、威风赫赫的州府呢！在好怖前，那直立天际，象是海市蜃楼的房屋，便是查维克大厦。它的窗户占了墙壁的大部分，这是伊丽莎白时代的一个最出名的宫堡。它孤独地、高贵地站在一个大花园的上头。虽然是古旧了。过时了。但是人们还当作一个荣耀的遗物似地保存着。“瞧瞧我们的祖先是多么的显贵！” + +那是过去，现在是在那下面。将来呢，只有上帝知道在哪里了。汽车已经转着弯了，两旁是些老而黑的矿工的小村舍，汽车正向着阿斯魏下去。在这阴湿的日子里，阿斯魏正冒着一阵阵的烟和蒸汽，好象为什么天神焚香似的。阿斯魏是在那山谷的下面，到雪非尔德的所有的铁道线都打这儿穿过，那些长烟囱里冒着烟和闪光的煤矿场和钢铁厂，那教堂上的螺钻似的凄惨的小钟楼，虽然就要倒塌了，但是依旧还矗立在烟雾中，这样的阿斯魏，常常总使康妮觉得奇怪地感动。这是个山谷中央在古老的村镇。有一个主要的旅舍名叫“查太莱”。阿斯魏人都谯勒格贝是一个地方的总名，而不是一个屋名。 + +矿工们的勤黑的村舍是平着行人道起的，狭小得象百多年前的矿工住宅一样。这些村舍都是洞着道路起，道路于是成了一条街了。当你走进这街里面的时候，你便要立刻忘记了那开豁的、起伏的原野。这原野上还有着富堡和大厦耸立着，但是和鬼影一般了。现在康妮正到了那光赤的铁道网的上头，那儿四面都起着高大的镀冶金属的工厂和其他的工厂，歙人觉得四周只是些墙壁，铁的声音在嚣响着，庞大的载货车震动着地皮，号笛叫着。 + +然而当你沿着这条路下去，到了那曲折撤搂的市镇中心时，在那教堂的后面，你便进到了一个两世纪以前的世界上了。“查太莱”旅舍和那老药房，便在这弯曲的街上。这街从前是通到这些富堡和权贵者们的游乐别所在的旷野外去的大道。 + +在那街角上，一个警察正举着手，让三辆载着铁条的货车过去，使那可怜的者教堂颠震着。直至这些货车过去了，那警察才向查太男爵夫人行礼。 + +在那市区的弯曲的老街两旁，挤拥着所有旧而黑的矿工住宅。再过去，便是一排排较新而稍大的房屋，起在那山谷的坡上。这是些较现代的矿工的住宅。再远一些，在那宫堡大厦所在的临野上，烟与蒸汽夹杂着，漾荡着，星罗棋布着无数的红砖建筑，有的在低凹处，有的狞恶地在那斜坡上突入天际，这便是矿区。在这矿区的里头，轿式马车和茅舍时代的老英格兰，甚至罗宾汉时代的英格兰还残留着。在那儿，矿工们不做工的时候，他们的受压制的好动的本能无聊起来；便东奔西窜地闲散浪荡着； + +英格兰哟，我的英格兰！但是哪个是我的英格兰？英格兰的权贵者们的堂皇大厦，照起像来真是好看极了，而且在我们和伊丽莎白时代的人们之间创造了一种幻象的联系。古香古色的古老大厦，现在还存在着，和在慈爱的安妮王后与汤姆·琼斯的时代一样。但是烟灰把褐黄色的粉漆弄黑了，很久以来便再也没有那黄金颜彩了，而且一个一个地，象那些官堡一般，被人遣弃了。现在开始被人拆毁了。至于那育英格兰时代的茅舍呢，现在却变成芒寂的乡野中的一些槛楼的大砖屋了。 + +现在，人们把官堡拆毁了，乔治风格的大厦也渐渐完了。那无美不备地乔治风格的大厦佛力治，当康妮的汽车打那门前经过时，也正在被人拆毁着。这大厦还是很完整的。大战以前，维持莱一家人还是阔绰地住在里面的，但是现在，人家觉得这大厦太大了，太花费了，并且四邻都太仇视了，贵族都到了较为愉快的地方去住了，那儿，他们是可以挥霍着金钱而不必知道金钱之来处的。 + +这便是历史：一个英格兰把其他的一个英格半消灭了。煤矿业曾使那些大厦致富。现在却把那些大厦消灭了。如同把那些茅舍消灭了一样。工业的英覆半把农业的英格兰消灭了。一种意义把另一种意义消灭了。新英格兰把旧英格兰消灭了。事态的继续并不是有机的，而是机械式的。 + +属于富裕阶级的康妮，曾攀附着那残余的者英格兰，直至经过了不少的年代，她才明白了，实际上，她的阶级已经给这骇人的右怖的新英格兰消灭了，而且这种消灭工作将继续着，直至消灭净尽了为止。佛力治莱没有了，伊斯乌德没有了，文达先生所爱的希勃莱也就要没有了。 + +康妮在希勃莱停了一会。屋后的园门是挨近矿场铁道和大路的交叉点的，希勃莱矿场本身就在那些树丛后边。园门大开着，因为矿工们是有权通过花园的。他们在园里游荡着。 + +汽车经过了那点缀园景的水池旁边一但矿工们却把他们的报纸抛在这池里一·然后由一条特别的小咱来到那大厦门前。这是个十八世纪中期的可爱的粉漆的建筑。那儿有一条美丽的水松树的小径，这小径从前是通到一个老屋去的。大厦的正面安静地开展着，它的乔治风格的玻璃窗户好象一些欢乐的眼睛似地闪烁着。屋后边便量些令人羡慕的花园。 + +康妮觉得里面的一切都比勒格贝可爱得多，光亮得多，并且更有生气，都丽而雅致。房子的墙壁都嵌着乳黄色的木板，天花板油着金色，每样东西都美妙修洁，一切布置都尽美尽妙，处处都花费过大量金钱的。甚至那些走廓都布置得宽大而可爱，优雅地弯曲着，并且充满着生气。 + +不过文达是孤独地生活着，他深爱他的住宅。但是他的花园却给他自己的三个煤矿场围绕着。他的想法是很慷慨的。他的花园差不多是欢迎矿工们进来的。难道不是这些矿工们使他有钱的么！所以，当他看见一君君的槛楼的工人到他的水池边闲逛时一自然不能进到他的私人花园里面，这几是有个界限的一他便要说：“矿工们也许不象鹿子那样可以点缀园景，但是他们比鹿子是有利得多了。” + +但那是维多利亚王后在位的后半期一金钱满地的黄金时代，那时，矿工们都是些“老实的工人”。‘ + +文达把这种话向他的贵宾，那时还是威尔士王子，半谢罪地说，那王子用他的带喉音的英语回答说： + +“你说的很对，要是在桑德灵韩富的花园下面藏有煤炭的话，我定要在那青草上开个矿场，并且要认为那是最上等的花园布景。呵，我很情愿用这价钱把化鹿去换矿工，我还听说你的工人都是些好人呢。” + +那时，这王子也许把金钱之美和工业之福惠说得过火一点吧。 + +但是这王子后来做了国王，而这国王也已崩逝了。现在是一位另外的国王，他的主要职秒似乎是在主持慈善粥研厂的开幕礼。 + +那些“好工人”，现在却正浸蚀着希勃莱。大花园里，雨后春笋似地起了许多新的肘落，“老乡绅”的心里，觉得这种民众是异样了，从前，他是心下宽大的，觉得你是自己的产业和自己的矿工们的主子。现在呢，一种新的精神在微妙地侵浸着，他觉得被排挤了。他的产业好象再也不属于他了，那是不容人误会的。矿业与工业、有着一个自我的意志。这意志是反对贵绅主子的！所有的矿工都是参预这意志的人，要想反抗这个意志是困难的，这意志使你失掉你的地位，或者使你从生命中滚蛋！ + +曾经讲过军队的“多绅文达”，亏他还站得稳。但是他在晚饭之后，再也不想到花园里去散步了。他差不多总是躲在家里。一天晚上，他光着头，穿着漆皮鞋和紫色的丝袜子，陪着康妮在园门边去，用他的“咳，咳”不离口的上流社会的文雅的口气和她谈着，但是当他经过——群矿工面前时，他们只是望着他，头都不点。康妮觉得这清瘦的、高雅的老先生在退缩着，好象一只笼子里的都丽的羚羊给庸俗的眼睛凝视着时退缩着一般。矿工们，在私人方面对他是没有恶意的，一点也没有。但是他们的精神是无情地．反抗他的。他们的心底里深深地怨恨地。在丑恶中生活着的他们，对于他的都丽的，斯文的，高雅的生活里含恨的。“他是谁呵！”他们所恨的是他与他们间的不同地方。 + +虽然，在他的英格兰人的心和他的兵士之心的秘密处，他相信他们急恨这种“不同的地方”是有理由的，他觉得他的享受这一切优越的权益有点不对的，但是他是代表一种制度，所以他是不愿被人排挤的。 + +只有死才能排挤他。在康妮访他不久以后，死神突然地把他攫去了。在他的遗嘱中，他并没有忘记给克利福很大的好处。 + +继承他的财产的人，马上叫人把希勃莱拆毁了。因为保存这大厦太花钱了。谁也不愿意住在那里，于是这大便毁灭了。那美丽的水松树的路线原来伐了。园中的树木也砍光了。整个产业也分成小块了。这地方是很近阿斯魏的。在这新的“无人之城”的奇异的荒原上，新起着一排排的舒适的屋宇；于是便变成了希渤莱新村子！ + +康妮到那里去的一年以后，一切都工了，现在那里是希特莱新村了，一座座红砖的屋宇起在那些新避的街道上，没有会梦想到十二个月以前，那里还有过一座壮丽的粉漆大厦。 + +但是这是爱德华王所私授的花园布景法的新时代，这是一种拿煤矿场来点缀草地的花园布景法。 + +一个英格兰把另一个英格兰消灭了。乡绅文达和勒格贝大厦的英格兰是完了。死了，不过这种消灭工作还没有做到尽头罢了。 + +以后将怎样呢！康妮是不能想象的。她只能看见一些新的砖石的街道铺在田野上，新的建筑物在矿场上起着，新的女工穿着她们的丝袜，新的男工到跳舞宫去。后辈人是完全意识不着老英格兰的。在意识之继续中，有个破缺，差不多是美国式的，但其实是工业的破缺。以后将怎样呢？ + +康妮总觉得那儿并没有以后。她想把她的头藏匿在沙里；或者，至少藏匿在一个活着的男子的怀里。，世界是这样的错杂，这样的奇怪，这样的丑恶！普通的人是这样多，而又这样可怕，真的！她回家去时，心里这样想着，望着矿工们缓慢地离开矿坑，又炭又黑，一身歪着，一边肩耸着，一边肩低着，响着他们的沉重的镶铁的长靴。脸色苍白得鬼似的，眼睛闪着自，预项缩着，肩膊失了望膊的模样。这是人，这是人，唉。在某种说法上，他们是些忍耐的好人；在其他的说法上，他们只是鬼。他们的人类所应具有的某种东西被戮杀了。然而，他们却是人，他们却能生孩子，人是可以由他们而生孩子，可怕的，可怕的思索呵：他们是温和的好人。但是他们只是一种半人，灰色的半人，直至现在，他们是“好”的，但这也不过是他们的一半是好的，呵！假如他们死了的部分苏醒过来！晤！去想象这个，真是太可怕了！康妮是深怕工人群众的，她觉得他们是这样的不可思议。他们的生命是绝对没有美的，绝对没有直觉的，老是“在矿坑里”。 + +这样的人所生的孩子！呵，天哟天！ + +虽然，梅乐士是这样的一种人生的。也许不十分是。在人情上，四十年是有变迁的，有大大的变迁的。钦与煤把人类的肉体与灵魂深深地吞食了。 + +虽然，那丑恶休身的人类却生活着！这一切结果要怎样呢？也许煤炭消灭之日，他们也会从这地面上消灭了罢。他们是当媒炭号召他们时，成千成万地从无中而来的，或者他们只是些煤层里的怪异的动物罢，他们是另一世界的生物，他们是煤的一种无素，好像铁工是铁的一种无素的一样。这是些非人的人。他们是煤、铁与陶土的灵魂。炭素、铁索、砂素等元素的动物。边些小元素，他们也许有点奇异的非人的矿物的美；跟煤的光泽，铁的重量也蓝色与抗力，玻璃的透明一样的美。矿物世界的妖怪的、伛偻的、无素的生物！他们属于煤、铁与阔土，正如鱼之属于水、虫之属于腐木一样。他们是矿物的分解物的灵魂！ + +康妮惧怕这煤和铁的米德兰，这种惧怕使她周身觉得一种怪异的感觉如同受了流行感冒一样，她觉得高兴地离开了这一切而回到家里，把头埋在沙里，她甚至觉得高兴地去和克利福聊天。 + +“当然啦，我不得不在彭莱小姐的店里喝杯茶。”她说。 + +“真的么！但是文达家里会请你喝茶的。” + +“呵。是的，不过我不便却彭莱小姐的情。” + +彭莱小姐是个脸色带黄的老处女，有个大鼻子和浪漫的气质，她侍候人喝茶时候的殷勤热烈，是好象在做圣典一样的。 + +“她问起我没有？”克利福说。 + +“当然啦！‘请问夫人，克利福男爵身体好吗？’我相信她把你看得比嘉威尔小姐还高呢。”一 + +“我想你对地说了我身体很好罢？” + +“是的！她听了这话，好象听了我对她说天堂的门为你开了一般的喜悦。我对她说，要是她来达娃斯喻时，她定要到这儿来看看你。” + +“我！为什么？来看看我！” + +“呵，是的，克利福。你不能尿让人家这样崇拜你而不稍稍报答人家。在她的眼里，嘉巴多西亚的圣乔治都绝对赶不上你呢。” + +“你相信她会来吗？” + +“呵。她的脸红了起来，那片刻问，她变得怪美丽的，可怜的东西！为汁么男子们不跟真正崇拜他们的女子结婚呢？” + +“女子们的崇拜开始得太迟了。但是她有没有说她会来？” + +“呵！”康妮模仿着彭莱小姐的喘息着的声音说，“夫人哟、我哪几敢这么告次！” + +“造次！多么可笑！但是我希望她不要真的来了，她的茶怎么洋？” + +“呵，立敦茶，浓得很呢！但是，克利福，你知道你是彭莱小姐和许多；宝一类的老处女的《玫瑰史》？，么？” + +“纵令这样，我也不引以为荣。” + +“她们把你在画报上所登的像怎。都好象宝贝般藏了起来，并且她们也许每天晚上都替你祈祷呢，真是樟极了。” + +她回到楼上去换布裳。 + +那天晚上，他对她说。 + +“你是不是觉得在结婚生活之中，有些什么永存的东西？” + +她望着他。 + +“不过，克利福，你把‘永存’看得象个帽子似的，或者看得象个长长的链索似的，施曳一个人后边，无论人走到多么远都得曳着。” + +她烦恼地望着她。 + +“我的意思是，”他说，“假如你到威尼斯去，你不要抱着一种希望，希望有个什么可以认为大正经的情史罢。” + +“在威尼斯有个可以认为大正经的情史？不，放心罢！不，我在威尼斯决不会有个比小正经更正经的情史的。” + +她的声调里，带着一种奇特的轻鄙的意味。他皱着眉头望着她。 + +第二天早晨，当她到楼下去时，她看见守猎人的狗一佛萝茜，正坐在克利福卧室门前的走廓里，轻轻地叫着。 + +“怎么，佛萝茜”她温柔地说，“你在这儿干吗？” + +她静静地把克利福的门打开了，克利福正坐在床上，他的床桌的打字机推在一边。守猎人站在床边等着，佛萝茜跑了进来，梅乐士的头部和眼睛做了个轻轻的姿势叫它到门外夫，它才溜了出来。 + +“呀，早安，克利福！”康妮说，“我不知道你们有事呢。” + +然后她望着守猎人，向他道了早安。他摸棱地望着她，低、声地回答着。但是仅仅他的现在，已使她觉得一种热情之浪荡到她身上来了。 + +“我打扰了你们吗，克利福？真对不起。” + +“不，那是毫无紧要的事。” + +她重新走出门来，到第一层楼上的蓝色梳妆室里去，她坐在窗前，望着他那种奇异的、静默的形态向那大路下去。他有着一种自然缄默的高贵，一种冷淡的骄傲，和某种弱不禁风的神气。一个雇工！一个克利福的雇工！“亲爱的布鲁图斯哟，不要埋怨我们的昨辰不烘照，如果我们侈共一等，那是我们自己的过错呵。” + +他是不是低人一等呢？他是不是？他那一方面又觉得他怎样呢？那是太阳光耀的一天，康妮在花园里工作着，波太太帮着她。为了一种什么缘故，这两个女人，给人类间存在着一种不可解的同情之潮所溶台了，她们把麝香石竹系在栓子上，她们种着一些夏季的小植物，这种工作她们俩都喜欢的。康妮尤其觉得把小植物的嫩根播入轻松的黑土里，再把它们轻轻埋好，是一种快乐的事，在这春日的早晨，她觉得子宫的深处在颤动着。仿佛阳光照了它，而使它快活起来似的。“你丈夫过世好多年了罢？”她一边对波太太说，一边拿起了一根小植物放在泥穴里。 + +“二十三年了！”波太太一边说，一边小心地把楼斗菜一一分开。“自从他们把他带回家里到现在。有二十三年了。” + +“康妮听了这“带回家里”的可怖的结局，心里不禁吓了一跳。 + +“你以为她是为什么遭难的？”她问道。“他生前和你快乐么？” + +这是妇人与妇人间的一个问题，波太太用她的手背，把垂在脸上的一撮头发拂了开去。 + +“我不晓得，夫人！他是一种不屈不挠的人；并且不愿与他人同道的，那是一种致命的固执性：宁死而不愿低头，你知道，他对什么都是漠然，我认为那是矿坑的罪过。他原就不应该到矿坑里做工的。但是他还小的时候，他的父亲便强迫他到矿坑里做工。这一来，当你过了二十岁时，那是不太容易改行的了。” + +“他曾说过他讨厌到矿坑里做工么？” + +“呵。不！从来没有说过！他是从来不说他厌恶什么的” + +他只露着难看的面色罢了。他是那些粗心大意的人之一；好象大战开始的时候，那些第一批狂欢赴战，立刻阵亡的青年们一样他的头脑不是不清醒。就是什么都漠然。我常对他说：‘您下对什么漠然。谁也不管！但这不是真的！呵。当我生第一胎孩子时，他那一动不动的静默着的神气。和孩子生过后，他望着我的那种凄惨的眼睛！那时我受了不小的苦痛。但是我得去安慰他。我对他说：‘不要紧的，亲爱的，不要紧的！’他望着我，怪的道笑着。他从来不说什么的，但我相信从此以后，他在夜里和我再也没有什么真正乐趣了；他再也不您意任性了。我常对他说：‘呵。亲爱的。让您自己任性点罢！’……我有时是要对他说这种粗的话的。他却不说什么，池总是不愿让他自己任性时儿，也许他不能罢。他不愿我再有孩子了，我常常埋怨他的母亲。她不该让他进产房里来的。他不应到那里去的。男子们的旦熟思起来的时候，是要把一切事情都张大起来着。” + +“那对他有这么大的影响么？”康妮惊愕地说。 + +“是的。那种生产的苦痛。他是不能认为天然的。那把他夫妇之爱中所应得的乐趣都糟塌了。我对他说：‘要是我自己都不介意，为什么你要介意？那是我的事情呢！……’他中回答道：“那是不公道的！” + +“也许他是个太易感动的人吧。”康妮说。 + +“对了！当你认识了男子的时候，你便知道他们在不该感动的地方。便太易感动了。我相信，连他自己也不晓得他是痛恨矿坑的，恨得入骨的，他死后的脸容是那么安静。仿佛他是被解救了似的。他生前是很漂亮的一个青年！当我看见他那么安泰。那么纯洁的样子，仿佛是他自己愿意死似的。我的心都碎了。唉！真的，那使我的心都碎了。但是那是矿坑的罪过。” + +说着，她流了几滴伤心泪。康妮却哭得比她更厉害。那天是个温暖的春日。空中浮荡着与黄花的香馨，许多东西在萌牙，阳光的精华充满着肃静的园里。 + +“你一定难过极了！”康妮说。 + +“阿夫人！起初我还不太明白呢，我只能反复地哭着说：‘我的人哟，为什么你要离开我！……’我再也找不着其他的话说。但是我总觉得他会回来的。” + +“但是那并不是他要离开你呢。”康妮说。 + +“是的，夫人！那不过是我哭着时说的傻话，我继续地希望着他会回来的。尤其是在夜里，我眼不交睫地想着，为什么他不在这床上？……仿佛我的感觉不容我相信他是死了似的。我只觉得池是定要回来的。回来假紧着我躺着，使我可以觉得他是和我在一起，我唯一所希望的，便是感觉着他温暖暖地和我在一起。唉！不知道经过了多少次的捻，经过了多少年。我才明白他不会回来了！” + +“和他的肉体的接触不会回来了。”康妮说。 + +“对啦。夫人！和他的肉体的接触！直至今日。我还忘不了，而且永久也忘不了的。假如上面有天的话，他将在那儿。他将假紧着我躺着，使我能入睡。” + +康妮惊惧地向她的深思的标致的脸孔瞥了一眼。又是一个达娃斯哈出来的热情的人！和他的肉体的接触；“因为爱之束缚。不易解开！” + +“你一旦深爱了一个男子时，那是可怕的！”她说。 + +“唉！夫人、那便是使人觉得这么苦痛的原因，你觉得人们都是希望他死的。你觉得矿坑是存心害死他的。唉。我觉得假如世上没有矿坑。并且没有经营煤矿的人的话，他是决不会离开我的。但是他们全都是想拆散一对相投的男女。” + +“肉体地相投的男友。”康妮说。 + +“对了，夫人！这世上铁石心肠的人太多了，每天早晨，当他起来去矿坑里做工时，我总觉得那是不祥的，不祥的，但是他除了到矿坑里做工以外还能怎样呢？一个穷人能怎样呢？” + +一种奇异的疾恨燃烧着这个妇人。 + +“难道一种接触关系能够延续到这么久么？”康妮突然地问道，“那使你这么久还能够感觉着他么？” + +“呵，夫人，除此以外还有什么能持久的呢？孩子们长大了便要离开你。但是男子，呵！……但是连这点接触的记忆，他们都想把你夺杀了。甚至你自己的孩子！不过，谁知道！我们也许是要分离的。但是感情是不同的东西哟，也许最好是永远不要爱上谁。不过，当我看见那些从来不曾真正地受男子彻底地温暖过的女人，我便觉得她们总是些可怜虫。不怕她们穿得多漂亮。风头出得多有劲，不，我的主意是不会变的。我对于人世是没有什么尊敬的。” + + + + + +第十二章 + + +午饭过后，康妮马上便到林中去，那真是可爱的一天。蒲公英开着太阳似的花，新出的雏菊花是棕的自，擦树的茂林，半开的叶子中杂着尘灰颜色的垂直花絮，好象是一幅花边。大开着的黄燕蔬。满地簇拥。象黄金似的在闪耀。这种黄边。是初夏的有力的黄色。莲馨花灰灰地盛开着。花姿招展的莲馨花。再也不畏缩了。绿油油的玉簪。象是个苍海。向上举着一串串的蓓蕾。跑马路上，毋忘我草乱蓬蓬地繁生着。楼斗莱乍开着它们的紫蓝色的花苞。在那矮丛林的下面。还有些蓝色的鸟蛋壳。处处都是蕾芽。处处都是生命的突跃！ + +守猎人并不在那小屋里。那儿，一切都是在静穆中。棕色的少鸡在肆意地奔窜着。康妮继续向着村舍走去。因为她要去会他。 + +村舍浸在太阳光里。在树林的边缘外。小园里。重苔的野水仙丛簇地生长着。靠近大开着的门前。沿着小径的两旁。都是些重苔的红雏菊。一只狗吠着。佛萝茜走上前来。 + +门大开着！那么他是在家里了。阳光铺泻在红砖的阶台上！当她经过小园里时。她从窗里看见了他。穿着衬衣。正坐在桌边吃着东西。狗儿轻轻地叫着。缓缓地摇着尾巴。 + +他站了起来，来到门边，用一条红手巾揩着嘴，嘴里不住地咀嚼着。 + +“我可以进来吗？”她说。 + +“进来！” + +简朴的房子里。阳光照了进去，房子里还带着羊排煎过后的味道。煎煮东西用的炉子还在防火架上。旁边，那白色的地上。有今盛着马铃薯的黑锅子。放在一张纸上。火是红的。但是不太起劲；通风的炉门关着。开水壶在响。 + +桌了上摆着碟子，里面是些马铃薯和剩下的羊排。还有一个盛着面包的篓子和一只盛着啤酒的蓝杯子，桌上铺着一张白色的漆布。他站在阴影处。 + +“你的午餐吃得晚呢。”她说“请继续吃罢！” + +她在门。边的阳光里，坐在一把木椅上。 + +“我得到了斯魏去。”他一边说着，一边坐了下来，。但他并不吃。 + +“请吃罢。”她说。 + +但他还是不吃。 + +“你要吃点什么东西吗？”他用着土话问她。“你要喝杯茶么？开水壶里有开着的水。一他欠身起来。 + +“假如你让我自己来弄扩知。”她说着站了起来，他仿佛忧闷的样子，她觉得她正使他烦恼不安。 + +“艰险罢，茶壶在那边。”一他指着一个壁角的褐色的小橱子。“茶杯和茶，是在你头脾炉架上。” + +她从炉架上取下了那黑茶壶和一盒茶叶。她用热水把茶过来洗灌了，呆了一会，不知把水倒在哪里好。 + +“倒在外边。”他看见了她的迟疑的样子说，“那是净水。” + +她走到门边，把水倒在小径上，多可爱的地方。这么清静。这么真的森林世界！橡树发着赭黄色的小叶儿；花园里，戏雏菊象是些红毛绒上的钮结似的。她望着门槛上那块带洞的大石板。现在这门槛上跨过的脚步是这么少了。 + +“这儿真是个可爱的地方。”她说：“这么美妙地静寂。一切都静寂而富有生命！” + +他慢慢地、有点不太愿意地重新用他的餐午，她能感觉到他是很扫兴的，她默默地沏了花，把茶壶放在炉灶上，她知道普通人是这么做的，他推开碟子。走到屋后边去，她听见了开门闰的声响，一会儿他拿了一盘干酷和牛油回来。 + +她把两个茶杯放在桌上；这是仅有的两个茶杯。 + +“你喝杯茶吗？”她说。 + +“假如你愿意的话，糖在柜子里，牛奶过来也在那儿。牛奶在伙食间里。” + +“我把你的碟子收了好吗？”她问道。他向她望着。微微地冷笑起来。 + +“晤……假如你愿意的话。”他一边说，一边慢慢地吃着面包和干酷她到后边洗涤碗碟的侧屋里。水龙头是安在那儿的，左边有个门。无疑地这是伙食间的门了。她把这个门打开了。看见了这个所谓伙食间，差不多笑了：这只是一个狭长的粉白着的壁橱。但是这里面还布置得下一桶啤酒和几食物。她从一个黄罐里取了点牛奶。 + +“你的牛奶怎么得来的？”当她回到桌边时，她伺他道。 + +“弗林家里的。他们把瓶子放在畜牧场边。你知道的，就是那天我遇着你的那个地方。” + +但是他是很扫兴的样子。 + +她斟了茶。然后举着牛奶过来。 + +“不要牛奶。”她说，他好象听见什么声响，向门外疾望着。 + +“我想把门关了的好。”他说。 + +“那未免可惜了。”她答道。“没有人会来吧，是不是？” + +“那是千载一时的。不过谁知道呢。” + +“纵玲有人来了也不打紧。”她说。“我不过来喝一杯茶罢了。调羹在哪儿？” + +他弯身把桌子的舞屉打开了。康妮坐在桌边。大门里讲来的阳光晒着她。 + +“佛萝茜！”他向那睡在楼梯下一块小席上的狗说，“去守望去，去守望去！” + +他举着手指，狗儿奔了出去个察。 + +“你今天不快活吗？”她问道。 + +他的蓝色的眼睛迅速地转了过来凝视着她。 + +“不快活？不，只有点儿烦恼罢了！我得去请发两张传票，去传我所捉得的两个偷猎的人。咳，我是讨厌这类事情的。” + +他说的是冷静、正确的英语，他的声音里含着怒气。 + +“你讨厌当守猎人吗？”她说。 + +“当守猎人？不！只要人们让我安安静静的。但是到了要我上敬礼察署和其他的地方，等着那些混蛋来理我的时候……呵，咳，我便要发疯了……”他着带点幽默味道微笑着。 + +“难道你不能真正在自立么？”她问道。 + +“我？我想我能够的，我有我的恤金使我生活。我能够的！但是我得是点工作，否则我便要闷死。那是说，我需要点什么事情使我不空闲着。而我的坏脾气是不容我为自己工作的。所以便不得不替他人做事了。不然的话，我的坏脾气来了，不出一月，便要把一切踢翻，所以算起来，我在这儿是很好的，尤其是近来……” + +他又向她幽默地起来。 + +“但是为什么你有这种脾气呢？”她问道，“难道你‘常常”都是坏脾气的么？” + +“差不多是常常铁。”他笑着说，“我有满腔的忿懑。” + +“什么忿港？”她说。 + +“忿港！”他说“你不知道那是什么吗？” + +她失望地静默着。他并不注意她。 + +“下个月我要暂时离开这儿了。”她说。 + +“是么？到那儿去？” + +“威尼斯。” + +“威尼斯？和克利福男爵去么？去多久？” + +“一个月上下。”她答道，“克利福他不去。 + +“他留在这儿么？”他问道。 + +“是的，他是不喜欢在他这种情境中旅行的。” + +“暖，可怜的家伙！”他带着同情心说。 + +停了一会。 + +“我走了你不会把我忘记罢，会不会？”她问道，他又向她凝视起来。 + +“忘记？”他说，“你知道没有人会忘记的。那不是个记忆的问题。” + +她想问：“那么是个什么问题呢？”但是她忍住了。她只用一种沉哑的声音说：“我告诉了克利福，也许我极个孩子了。” + +现在他带着强烈的好奇心，真正地望着她。 + +“真的么？”他终于说：“他说了什么？” + +“呵，他是无所谓的，只在孩子似乎是他的，他倒要喜欢呢。” + +她不敢看她。他静默了好一会，然后再凝望着她。 + +“没有提到我，当然吧？”他说。 + +“没有，没有提到你。”她说。 + +“不，他是决难容忍我做他的代庖人的。……那么他将怎样设想这孩子的来源呢？” + +“我可以在威尼斯有个情人呀。” + +“不错。”他缓缓在回答道，“这便是你到威尼斯去的缘故了。” + +“但并不是真为了找情人去。”她望着他，辩护着说。 + +“只是做个样子罢了。”他说。 + +两个人重新静默着。他望着窗外，半悲伤、半讥嘲地苦笑，她是恨他这种劳笑的。 + +“难道你没有预先设法避免孩子么？”他突然说，“因为我没有那工具。” + +“没有。”她说，“我恨那样。” + +他望着她，然后又带着那特殊的诡谲的苦笑，望着窗外。两个人紧张地静默着，最后，他回转头来，讥否则地向她说： + +“那么，那便是你要我的缘故，为了要有个孩子的缘故吧？” + +她低着头。 + +“不，事实上不是这样？”她说。 + +“为什么事实上？”他用着有点激烈的声音问道。 + +她埋怨地望着她，说；“我不知道。”他大笑起来。 + +“你不知道，那么我知道么！”他说。 + +两人静默了好久，冷森森地静默着。 + +“唔。”他最后说，“随夫人的便，如果你有了个孩子，我是喜欢送给克利福男爵的。我并不吃什么亏。我倒得了个很快意的经验，的确快意的经验：“……他伸着腰，半打着呵欠，“如果你把我利用了，那并不是我么一次给人利用，而且这一次是最快意地给人利用了，虽然这对于我是不十分荣誉的事。”……他重新奇异地伸着懒腰，他的筋肉颤战着，牙关紧闭着。．“但是我并没有利用你。”他辩护着说。 + +“我是听夫人作用的。”他答道。 + +“不。”她说，“我喜欢你的肉体。” + +“真的么？”他答道，笑着，“好，那么我们是两讫子，因为我也喜欢你的。” + +他的奇异的阴暗的两眼望着她。 + +“现在我们到楼上去好不好？他用着一种窒息的声音问她。 + +“不，不要在这儿，不要现在！”她沉重地说。虽然，假如他稍为紧持的话，她定要屈服了，因为她是没有力量反抗他的。 + +他又把脸翻了转去，好象把她忘了。 + +“我想触摸你，同你触摸我一样。”她说，“我从来没有真正地触摸过你的身体。” + +他望着她，重新微笑起来。现在？”他说。 + +“不！不！不要在这儿！到小屋里去，你不介意罢？” + +“你怎么触摸我？”他问道。 + +“当你抚摩我的时候。” + +他的眼睛和她的沉重不安的眼睛遇着。 + +“你喜欢我抚摩你么？”他老是笑着。 + +“是的，你呢？” + +“呵，我！”然后他换了声调说：“我也喜欢，那不用我告诉你的。”这是实在的。 + +她站了起来，拿起了帽子。“我得走了。”她说。 + +“你要走了么？”他文雅地说。 + +她满望着他来触摸她，对她说些话，但是他什么也不说，只是斯文地等待着。 + +“谢谢你的茶。”她说。 + +“我还没有谢谢夫人赏光呢。”他说。 + +她向着小径走了出去，他站在门口，微微地苦笑着。佛萝茜举着尾巴走了前来，康妮沉默地向林中蹒跚走去，心里知道他正站在那儿望着她，脸上露着那不可思议的苦笑。 + +她狠扫兴地、烦恼地回到家里，她一点也不喜欢他说他是被人利用了。在某种意义上，这是真的，但是他不应该说了出来。因此她重新地给两种感情占据着：其一是怨恨他，其一是欲望着与他和好起来。 + +她十分不安地、恼怒地用完了茶点后，立刻回到楼上房里去了，但是她在房子里不知所措，坐立不安。她得做点什么事。她得再到小屋里去。假如他不在那儿的话，那便算了。 + +她从旁门溜了出去，有时闷郁地直向目的地走去，当她来到林中那空旷地时，她觉得可怖地不安起来，但是他却在那儿，穿着衬衣，蹲在鸡笼前，把笼门打开了，让母鸡出来。在他周围的那些小雏鸡，现在都长得有点笨拙了，但比之普通的小鸡却雅致得多。 + +她直向他走了过去。 + +“你瞧！我来了。”她说。 + +“唉，我看见了！”他一边，一边站了起来，有点嘻笑地望着她。 + +“你现在让母鸡出来了么？”她问道。 + +“是的，它们孵小鸡孵到只剩一张皮、一把骨了，现在，它们全不想出来和取食了，一只孵卵期的母鸡是没有自我的，它整个身心都为了它的卵或小鸡。” + +可怜的母鸡！多么盲目的爱！甚至所孵的卵并不是它们自已的！康妮怜地望着它们，好懒情他之间，给一种阴郁的静默笼罩着。 + +“我们进小屋里去吧？”他问道。 + +“你要我去么？”她猜疑地问道。 + +“是的，假如你愿意来的黄悠地、一波一浪荡到远处去。不住地，在她的最生动的地方，那海底分开，在若荡漾，中央便是探海者在温柔的深探着，愈探愈深，愈来愈触着她的底下；她愈深愈远地暴露着，她的波涛越荡越汹涌地荡到什么岸边去，使她暴露着。无名者的深探，愈入愈近，她自己的波涛越荡越远地离开她，抛弃她，直至突然地，在一种温柔的、颤战的痉挛中，她的整个生命的最美妙处被触着了，她自己知道被触着了，一切都完成了，她已经没有了，她已经没有了，好也不存在了，她出世了：一个妇人。 + +唉！太美了，太可爱了！在那波涛退落之中；她体会这一切的美而可爱了。现在她整个的身体，在深情地紧依着那不知名的男子，在盲目地依恋着那萎缩着的阴茎，它，经过了全力的、狂暴的冲刺后，现在柔软地、娇弱地、不自知地退缩着。当它，这神秘的锐敏的东西从她的肉里退了出来时，她不自学地叫了一声，一声迷失的呼喊，她试着把它放了回去。刚才是这样的佳妙！这样的使她欢快！ + +现在她才知道了那阴茎的小巧，和花蕊似的静躺，柔嫩，她不禁又惊奇地尖锐了叫了一声，她的妇人的心，这权威者的；柔嫩而惊奇地叫着。 + +“可爱极了！”她呻吟着说，“好极了！?む被她自己的销魂的情欲所压倒，她躺着，两手无力地放在他的舞动的身上，无论怎样，她都禁不住她的精神在作局外观；她觉得他的臂部的冲撞是可笑的，他的阴茎的那种渴望着得到那片刻的排汇的样子是滑稽的。是的，这便是爱，这可笑的两臂的冲撞这可怜的、无意义的、润湿的小阴茎的萎缩。这便是神圣的爱！毕竟，现代人的藐视这种串演是有理由的，因为这是一种串演。有些诗人说得很对，创造人类的上帝，一定有个乖庚的、幽默的官能，他造了一个有理智的人，而同时却迫他做这种可笑的姿势，而且使他盲目地追求这可笑的串演。甚至一个莫泊桑都觉得爱是屈辱的没落。世人轻蔑床第间事，却又做它。 + +冷酷地、讥消地，她的奇异的妇人之心远引着，虽然她一动不动地躺着，但是她的本能却使她挺起腰子，想把那男子挤出去，想从他的丑恶的紧抱中，从他的怪诞的后臂的冲撞中逃了出来。这男子的身体是个愚蠢的、鲁莽的、不完备的东西，它的缺憾的笨拙，是有点令人讨厌的。人类如果是完完备地进化的话，这种串演，这种“官能；是定要被淘汰的。 + +当他很快地完了时，当他卧在她的身上，狠静默的远引着，远引在一种奇异的，静息的境域里，很远地，无室她所不能及的天外时，她开始在心里做哭起来，她觉得他象潮水似的退开，退开，留下她在那儿，象一块海岸上的小石。他舞退着，他的心正离开着她，他知道。 + +一股真正的哀伤袭据着她心，她痛哭起来。他并没有注意，也许甚至不知道。强烈的呜咽愈来愈厉害。摇撼着她，摇撼着他。 + +“暖”他说，“这一次是失败了，你没有来呢” + +这样看来，他是知道的！她哭得更剧烈了。 + +“但是怎么啦？”他说，“有时是要这样的。” + +“我……我不能爱你。”她哭着说，突然地，她觉得她的心碎了。 + +“您不能？那么，您不用爱就是！世上并没有法律强迫您爱。听其自然好了。” + +他的手还是她的胸上；但是她却没有搂着他了。 + +他的话是不太能安慰她的。她高声地鸣咽起来。 + +“不要这样，不要这样！”他说，“甜的要，苦的也要，这一次是有点苦的。” + +她哀痛地哭道：“但是我很想爱你，我却不能”那是可怕的！” + +他半苦昧、半椰榆地笑了一笑。 + +“那并不可怕。”他说，“纵令您是那么觉得，您涌使不可怕的东西成为可怕。不要管您爱不爱我。您绝不能勉强的。一篮核桃之中，总有个二泊。好的坏的都得要。” + +他撒开了他的手，再也不触摸着她了。现在，她再也不被他触摸着了，她顽皮地觉得满足起来。她憎恨他的土话：这些“您”，“您”，“您的”，假如他喜欢的话，他可以站了起来，毫不客气地直站在她面前，去如他那燕京饭店唐的粗棉布的裤子，毕竟蔑克里斯还知羞地背过脸去。这个人却是这样的自信，他甚至不人们会觉得他是鲁莽无教养的。 + +虽然，当他默默地舞了出来预备起身时，她恐怖地紧抱着他。 + +“不！不要走！不要离开我！不要和我斗气！抱着我罢！紧紧地抱着我罢！”她盲目地，疯狂地，哺哺地说，也不知道自己说着什么，她用一种奇异的力量紧抱着他。她要从她自己的内在的暴怒中和反抗中逃了出来，这占据着她的内在的反抗力，是多么强呵！ + +他重新把她抱在他的两臂中，紧压着她。突然地，她在他的两臂中变成娇小了，这样地娇小而贴服了。完了，反抗力没有了，她开始在一种神妙的和平里溶解了。当她神妙地在他的两臂中溶解成娇小玲珑地时候，他对她的情欲也无限地膨胀了。他所有的血管里都好象为了这臂里的她，为了她的娇媚，为了她的勾人心魂的美，沸腾着一种剧烈的，却又温柔的情欲。他的弃着纯粹的温柔的情欲的手，奇妙地，令人晕眩地爱抚爱她，温柔地，他抚摩着边腰间的软油的曲线，往下去，再往下去，在她柔软而温暖的两股中间，移近着，再移近着，直到她身上最生罢的地方。她觉得他象是一团欲火，但是温柔的欲燕且她觉得自己是溶化在这火焰中了。她不能自禁了。她觉着他的阴茎带着一种静默的、令人惊奇的力量与果断，向他坚举着，她不能自禁地去就他。她颤战着降服了。她的一切都为他开展了。呵！假如他此刻不为她温存，那是多么残酷的事，因为她是整个地为他开展着，整在地在祈求他的怜爱！ + +那种强猛的，不容分说地向她的进入，是这样的奇异这样的可怕，使她重新颤战起来，也许他的来势要象利刃似的，一刀刺进她温柔地开展着的肉里，那时她便要死了。她在一种骤然的、恐怖的忧苦中，紧紧地抱着她。但是，他的来势只是一种缓缓的、和平的进入，幽暗的、和平的进入，一种有力的、原始的、温情的进入，这种温情是和那创造世界时候的温情一样的，于是恐怖的情绪在她的心里消退了。她的心安泰着，她毫无畏惧了。她让一切尽情地奔驰，她让她自己整个地尽情奔驰，投奔在那泛滥的波涛里。 + +她仿佛象个大海，满是些幽暗的波涛，上升着，膨胀着，膨胀成一个巨浪，于是慢慢地，整个的幽暗的她，都在动作起来，她成了一个默默地、蒙昧地、兴波作浪的海洋。在她的里面，在她的底下，慢慢分开，左右荡漾，悠悠地、一波一浪荡到远处去。不住地，在她的最生动的地方，那海底分开，在若荡漾，中央便是探海者在温柔的深探着，愈探愈深，愈来愈触着她的底下；她愈深愈远地暴露着，她的波涛越荡越汹涌地荡到什么岸边去，使她暴露着。无名者的深探，愈入愈近，她自己的波涛越荡越远地离开她，抛弃她，直至突然地，在一种温柔的、颤战的痉挛中，她的整个生命的最美妙处被触着了，她自己知道被触着了，一切都完成了，她已经没有了，她已经没有了，好也不存在了，她出世了：一个妇人。 + +唉！太美了，太可爱了！在那波涛退落之中；她体会这一切的美而可爱了。现在她整个的身体，在深情地紧依着那不知名的男子，在盲目地依恋着那萎缩着的阴茎，它，经过了全力的、狂暴的冲刺后，现在柔软地、娇弱地、不自知地退缩着。当它，这神秘的锐敏的东西从她的肉里退了出来时，她不自学地叫了一声，一声迷失的呼喊，她试着把它放了回去。刚才是这样的佳妙！这样的使她欢快！ + +现在她才知道了那阴茎的小巧，和花蕊似的静躺，柔嫩，她不禁又惊奇地尖锐了叫了一声，她的妇人的心，这权威者的；柔嫩而惊奇地叫着。 + +“可爱极了！”她呻吟着说，“好极了！” + +但是他却不说什么，静息地躺在她身上，只是温柔地吻着她。她幸福地呻吟着，好象一个牺牲者，好象一个新生的东西。 + +现在，她的心里开始对他奇怪地惊异起来了。一个男子！这奇异的男性的权威压在她身上！她的手还有点害怕地在他身上轻抚着，害怕他那曾经使她觉得有点厌恶的、格格不入的奇民蝗东西；一个男子。现在，她触摸着他，这是上帝的儿子们和人类的女儿们在一起的时候了，他多么美，他的皮肤多么纯洁！多么可爱，多么可爱，这样的强壮，却又纯洁而嫩弱！多么安静，这敏锐的身体！这权威者，这嫩弱的肉，多么绝对地安静！多美！多美！她的两手，在他的背上畏怯地向下爱抚着，直到那温软的臀上。美妙！真是美妙！一种新知觉的骤然的小火焰，打她的身里穿过，怎么这同样的美，她以前竟只觉得厌恶？摸触着这温暖生动的臀部的美妙，是不能言嗡的！这生命中的生命，这纯洁的美，是温暖而又有力的。还有他那两腿间的睾丸的奇异的重量！多么神秘！多么奇异的神秘的重量，软软的，沉重的，可以拿来放在手上。这是根蒂，一切可爱的东西的根蒂，一切完备的美的原始的根蒂。 + +她紧依着他，神奇地惊叹起来，这种惊叹差不多可说是警畏恐怖的惊叹。他紧紧地抱着她，但是不说什么，他决不会说什么的。她假近着他，更加假近着他，为的是要亲近他那感官的奇异在他的绝对的、不可思议的安静中，她又觉得他那东西，那另一个权威者，重新慢慢地颤举起来，她的心在一种敬畏的情绪中溶化了。 + +这一次，他的进入她的身内，是十分温柔的，美艳的，纯粹的地温柔，纯粹地美艳，直至意识所不能捉摸。整个的她在颤战着。象生命之原液似的，无知而又生动，她不知道那是怎样的，她不复记忆那是怎样过去的，她只知道世上再也没有这样可爱的事情了。就只这一点儿，然后，她完全地静默着，完全地失掉意识，她也不知道经过了多久的时间，他和她一样地静默着。和她一样地深陷在无底的沉寂中，关于这一切，他们是永不会开口的。 + +当她的意识开始醒转的时候。她紧依在他的胸前，哺哺地说：“我的爱！我的爱！”而他则沉默地紧抱着她，她蜷伏在他的至善至美的胸膛上。 + +但是他依旧是在那无底的静默中，他奇异地，安静地，把她象花似的抱着。 + +“你在那儿？”她低声说，“你在那儿？说话罢！对我说说话吧！” + +他温柔地吻着她，喃喃地说：“是的，我的小人儿！” + +但是她不知道他说的是什么意思，她不知道他在那儿，他的那种沉默，使她觉得似乎是失落了。 + +“你爱我，是不是？”她喃喃地说。 + +“是的，您知道！”他说。 + +“但是告诉我你爱我吧！”她恳求道。 + +“是的！是的！您不觉得么？”他模糊地但是温柔地、确信地说。她愈紧地、愈紧地依着他。他在爱恋之中比她安泰得多了，她却需要他再使她确信。 + +“你真的爱我吧！”她固执地细声说。他的两手温柔地爱抚着她，好象爱抚着一朵花似的，没有情欲的颤战，但是很微妙，很亲切的。她呢，却依旧好象恐怕爱情要消遁似的。 + +“告诉我，你爱我吧”她恳求说。 + +“是的！”他心不在焉地说。她觉得他的问话，使他远离着她了。 + +“我们得起来了吧？”他最后说。 + +“不！”她说。 + +但是她觉得他分心了，正在听着外边的动静。 + +“差不多天黑了。”他说。从他的声音里，她听出了世事是不容人的，她吻着他，心里带着一个妇人在放弃她的欢乐时的悲伤。 + +他站了起来，把灯火转大了，然后，很快地把衣裤重新穿上。他站着，一边束紧着他的裤子。一边用两只乌黑的大眼睛俯望着她。他那带几分红热的脸孔，乱蓬蓬的头发，在那朦胧的灯光下，显得奇异地温暖、安静而美妙，美妙到她永不会告诉他怎样的美，她想去紧依着他，楼抱着他，因为他的美，有着一种温暖的、半睡眠的幽逮，那使她想呼喊起来，把他紧捉着，把他占据着。但是她是绝不会把他占据的，所以她静卧在毡子上，裸露着她温柔地弯曲着的腰股。他呢，他一点也不知道她在想什么，但是他觉得她是美妙的，尤其是他可以进去的那温软的、神奇的东西，是比一切都更美妙的。 + +“我爱您，因为我可以进您的身里去。”他说。 + +“你喜欢我么？”好心跳着说。 + +“我既可以进您的身里去，一切便都行了。我爱您，因为您为我开展着。我爱您。因为我可以这样进您的身里去。 + +他俯着身上她的柔软的腰窝里吻着，用他的面颊在那儿摩察着，然后用毡子把她盖上了。 + +“你永不丢弃我吧？”她说。 + +“别问这种事。”他说。 + +“但是你相信我爱你吧？”她说。 + +“此刻您在爱我，热爱到您以前所意想不到的程度，但是一旦您细想起来的时候，谁知道要怎样呢！” + +“不，不要说这种话，……你并不真正以为我利用你吧，是不是？” + +“怎么？” + +“为了生孩子……” + +“我们今日，无论谁都可以生无论怎样的孩子。”他一边说，一边坐了下来束紧着他的脚绊。 + +“呀，不！”她叫道，“你不是真的这样想吧？” + +“晤，”他望着她说，“我们刚才所做的，便是最重要的了。” + +她静卧着，他慢慢地把门打开了。天是暗蓝色的，天脚是晶莹的蓝玉石色，他出去把母鸡关好了，轻轻地对狗儿说着话。她呢，她躺在那儿，惊异着生命与万物之不可思议。 + +当他回来时，她依旧躺在那儿，娇是象一个流浪的波希米亚妇人，他在她旁边的一张小凳上坐下。 + +“在您没有走以前，哪一天晚上您得到村舍里来，好不好？”他举着眉头望着她说，两手垂在膝间。 + +“好不好？”她模仿着土话打趣说。他微笑着。“是的，好不好？”他重说道。 + +“是的，她模仿着他。 + +“和我同睡一宵。”他说，“您定得来，您哪天来？” + +“我哪天来？”她用着他的封知问道。 + +“不，您学得不象，究竟您哪天来？” + +“也许礼拜天。” + +“礼拜天，好的！” + +他嘲笑着她说： + +“不，您学得不象。” + +“为什么不象？”她说。 + +他笑着。她模仿的土话真是有点令人捧腹的。 + +“来罢，您得走了！”他说。 + +“我得走了么。”她说。 + +她身体向前倾着，他轻抚着她的脸。 + +“您真是个好‘孔’(cunt)，您是这在地上剩下的最好的小‘孔’儿。当您喜欢的时候，当您愿意的时候！” + +“什么是‘孔”’她问道。 + +“怎么，您不知道什么是‘孔’！那是您下面的那个；那是我进您里面时我所得的那个；也是我进您里面时您所得的那个” + +“那么，‘孔’是象交合了？ + +“不。不！交合只是做的事情，禽兽也能交合，但是，‘孔’却是强得多了。那是您自己，明白不，您是异于禽类的，可不是？……甚至当您在交全听时候。‘孔’！嗳，那是使您美丽的东西，小人儿；” + +他的两只幽星的、温柔的、不这言语形容地温暖地、令人不能忍的美丽的眼睛望着她。她站了起来．，在他这两眼间吻着。 + +“是么？”她说，“那么你爱我么？” + +他吻了吻她，没有回答。 + +“现在您得回去了。”他说。 + +他的手儿，抚摩着她身上的曲线，稳定而不含欲望，但是又温柔，又熟落。 + +当她在昏邑里跑着回家去时，世界好象是个梦，园里的树木，好象下碇的舟帆，膨胀着，高涌着。到大厦去的斜坡，也充溢着生命。 + + + + + +第十三章 + + +礼拜天，克利福想到林中去走走，那是个可爱的早晨，梨花李花都突然开了，到处都是奇艳的白色。 + +那是件残酷的事，当这世界正在千红万紫的时候，克利福还得从一把轮椅里，被人扶掖着，转到一个小车里，但是他却忘怀了，甚至仿佛觉得他的腿是有某种可骄的地方了。康妮看见人把他那死了的两腿抢到适当的地方去时，还是觉得心里难过，现在，这种工作是由波太太或非尔德担任了。 + +她在马路的上头，那山毛榉树凑成的树墙边等着他。他坐在那卟卟响着的小车里前进着，这车子走得象大病人似的缓慢。当他来到康妮那里时，他说： + +“克利福男爵骑在喷唾沫的骏马上！” + +“至少是在喷着鼻息的骏马上！”她笑着说。 + +他停住，了望着那褐色的，长而低的老屋。 + +“勒格贝的神色没有变呢！”他说，“实在，为什么要变呢？我是骑在人类的精神的功业上，那是胜于骑在一匹马上的。” + +“不错，从前拍拉图的灵魂上天去进，是乘着两马的战车去的，现在定要坐福德汽车去了。”她说。 + +“也许要坐罗斯---莱斯汽车去呢：因为柏拉图是个贵族呵！” + +“真的！再也没有黑马受人鞭鞑和虐待了，柏拉图决没有梦想到我们今日会走得比他的两条黑白骏马更快，决没有梦想到骏马根本就没有了，有的只是机器！” + +“只是机器和汽油！”克利福说。 + +“我希望明年能够把这老屋修整一下，为了这个，我想我得省下一千镑左右，但是工程太贵了！”他又加上一句。 + +“呵，那很好！”康妮说，“只要不再罢工就好了！” + +“他们再罢工又有什么好处呢！那只是把工业，把这硕果仅存的一点点工业送上死路罢了，这班家伙应该有觉悟了！” + +“也许他们满不在乎工业上死路呢，康妮说。 + +“呵，不要说这种妇人的话！纵令工业不能使他们的腰包满溢，但是他们的肚子是要靠它温饱的呵。”他说着，语调里奇异地带了些波太太的鼻音。 + +“但是那天你不是说过你是个保守派无政府主义者吗？”她天真地问道。 + +“你没有懂我的意思么？”他反驳道，“我的意思只是说，一个人在私生活上，喜欢怎样做怎样想，便可以怎样做怎样丰想，只要保全了生命的形式和机构。” + +康妮静默地走了几步，然后固扫计说； + +“这仿佛是说，一只蛋喜欢怎样腐败下去，便可以怎样腐 + +败下去，只要保全了蛋壳，但是蛋腐败了是不由得不破裂的。” + +“我不相信人是和蛋一样的。”他说，“甚至这蛋是天使的 + +蛋，也不能拿来和人相提并论，我亲爱的小传道师。” + +在这样清朗的早晨，他的心情是很愉快的，百灵鸟在园里 + +飞翔嗽卿着，远远地在低凹处的矿场，静悄悄地冒着烟雾。情景差不多同往日，大战前的往日一样，康妮实在不想争论。但是她实在也不想和克利福到林中去。她在他的小车旁走着心里在赌着气。 + +“不，”他说，如果事情处理得宜，以后不会有罢工的事了” + +“为什么不会有了。” + +“因为事情会摆布得差不多罢工成功了。” + +“但是工人肯么？”她问道。 + +“我们不问他们肯不肯。为了他们自己的益处，为了救护工业，我们要当他们不留神的时候，把事情摆布好了。” + +“也为了你自己的好处。”她说。 + +“自然啦！为了大家的好处，但是他们的好处却比我的好处多，没有煤矿我也能生活下去，我有其他的生计，他们却不能；没有煤矿他们便要挨饿的。” + +他们在那浅谷的上头，遥望着煤矿场和矿场后面那些达娃斯哈的黑顶的屋宇，好象蛇似沿着山坡起着。那褐色的老教堂的钟声响着：礼拜，礼拜，礼拜！ + +“但是工人们肯让你这样自由摆布么？”她说。 + +“我亲爱的，假如摆布得聪明，他们便不得不让。” + +“难道他们与你之间，不可以有互相的谅解么？” + +“绝对可以的：如果他们认清了工业第一，个人次之。” + +“但是你一定要自己占有这工业么？”她说。 + +“我不，但是我既已占有了，我便得占有它。现在产业所有权的问题已成为一个宗教问题了。这是自从耶稣及圣佛兰西斯以来就这样的。问题并不是：将您所有的一切赐予穷人；而是，利用您所有的一切以发展工业，面子穷人以工作，这是所以便靶靶众生饱暖的唯一方法，把我们所有的一切赐予穷人，那便等于使穷人和我们自己一伙儿饿馁。饥饿的世界是要不得的，甚至人人都穷困了，也不见得怎样有趣，贫穷是丑恶的！” + +“但是贫富不均又怎样？” + +“那是命，为什么木星比海王星大？你不能转变造化的！” + +“但是假如猜忌、嫉妒和愤懑的感情一旦粹发起来……” + +“但谁是群龙之首呢？”她问道。 + +“经营和占有工业的人们。” + +两人间静默了好一会。 + +“我觉得这些人都是些坏头目。”她说。 + +“那么他们要怎样才算好头目呢？ + +“他们把他们的头目地位不太当你一回事。”她说。 + +“他们对他们的地位，比你对你的男爵夫人的地位，更当作一回事呢。”他说。 + +“但是我的地位是人家强给我的。我自己实在不想。”她脱口而出道，他把车停了，望着她： + +“现在是谁想摆脱责任？现在是谁想逃避头目地位---如你所称的---责任。” + +“但是我并不想处在什么头目地位呢。”她反驳道。 + +“咳！这是逃避责任。你已有了这种地位：这是命定的。你应该承受下去。矿工们所有的一切起码的好处是谁给的？他们的一切政治自由，他们的教育，他们的卫生环境，他们的书籍，他们的音乐，一切一切，是谁给的？是不是矿工们给矿工们的？不！是英国所有的勒格贝的希勃莱，尽了他们的本分给的，而且他们应该继续地给与。那便是你的责任。” + +康妮听，脸气得通红。 + +“我很想给点什么东西。”她说，但是人们却不允许我。现在，一切东西都是出卖的，或买来的，你所提起的那种种东西，都是勒格贝的希勃莱用高价出卖给矿工们的，你们是不给一分一毫真正的同情的，此外，‘我要问问，是谁把人民的天然的生活与人性夺去了，而给与这种种工业的丑恶？是谁？” + +“那么，你要我怎样呢？他气得脸发青说，“难道请他们到我家里来抢劫么？” + +“为什么达娃斯哈弄成这么丑恶，这么肮脏？为什么他们的生活是这么绝望？” + +“达娃斯喻是他们自己春夏秋冬成的，这是他们自由的一种表现。他们为自己做成了这美妙的达娃斯哈。他们过着他们的美妙的生活。我却不能过他们的那种生活。一条虫有一条虫的活法。” + +“但是你使他们为你工作，他们靠你的煤矿生活。” + +“一点也不。每条虫子找它自己的食粮，没有一个工人是被迫为我做工的。” + +他们的生活是工业化的，失望的，我们自己的也一样。”她叫道。 + +“我不相信这话，你说的是骑丽的溺藻，只是瞩目待毙了的残余的浪漫主义的话，我亲爱的康妮呵，你此刻一点儿也没有失望的人的样了呢！” + +这是真的。她的深的眼睛发着亮，两颊红粉粉的发烧，她充满着反叛的热情，全没有失望着的颓丧样儿，她注意到浓密的草丛中，杂着一些新出的莲馨花，还裹着一层毛茸，她自己愤横地奇怪着，为什么她既然觉得克利福不对，却又不能告诉他，不能明白地说出他在哪里不对。 + +“无怪工人们都恨你了。”她说。 + +“他们并不恨我！”他答道。“不要弄错了，他们并不是如你所想象的真正的‘人’。他们是你所不懂的，而且你永不会懂的动物。不要对其他的人作无谓的幻想，过去和将来的群众都是一样的，罗马暴君尼罗的奴录和我们的矿工，或福德汽车厂的工人，是相差得微乎其微的。我说的是在煤场里和田野里工作的奴录。这便是群众，他们是不会变的，在群众中，可以有个露头角的人但是这种特殊的现象并不会使群众改变，群众是不能改变的。这是社会科学中最重要的事实之一。paneecicenses！可是不幸地，我们今日却用教育去替你杂要场了。我们今日的错处．就错在把这般群众爱看的杂耍场大大地铲除了。并且用一点点几的教育把这般群众弄坏了。” + +当克利福吐露着他对于平民的真正感情时，康妮害怕起来了。他的话里，有点可怖的真理在。但是这是一种杀人的真理。 + +看见了她苍白的颜色和静默的态度，克利福把小车子再次开动了。一路无言地到了园门边，康妮把园门打开了，他重新把车子停住。 + +“现在我们所要执在手里的是一条鞭，而不是一把剑，群众是自从人类开始直至人类末日止，都被人统治的，而且不得不这样，说他们能自治，那是骗人的笑话。” + +“但是你能统治他的么？”她问道。 + +“我？当然！我的心和我的志愿意都没有残废，我并不用两条腿去统治，我能尽我的统治者的本分，绝对的尽我的本分，给我个儿子，他便将继承父业。” + +“但是他不会是你真正的儿子，不会属于你的统治者的阶级，也许不。”她呐呐地说。 + +“我不管他的父亲是谁，只要他是个健康的、有普通智慧的人。给我一个无论那个健康的，有普通智慧的男子所生的儿子，我便可以使他成个不愧门媚的查太莱。重要的不是生我们者是谁，而是命运所给与我们的地位是怎样。把无论怎样的一个孩子放在统治者阶级中，他便要成为庶民，群众的产品，那是不可抗拒的环境所迫的缘故。” + +“那么庶民并没有庶民的种，贵族也没有贵族的种了？”她说。 + +“不，我的孩子！这一切都是浪漫的幻想。贵族是一种职责，命运之一部分，而群众是执行职责，命运之其他一部分。个人是无基紧要的。紧要的是你受的哪一种职责的教养，你适全呈哪一种职责，贵族并不是由个人组成的。而是由全贵族职责之执行而成的，庶民之所以为庶民，也是由全民众职责之执行而成的。” + +“依你这样说来，我们人与人之间，并没有共同的人性了！” + +“随你喜欢，我们谁都有把肚子吃饱的需要，但是计烃职责之表现或扫许，我相信统治阶级也服役阶级之间有个无底的深渊在，这两种职责情形是相反的。职责是所以决定个人的东西。” + +康妮惊愕地望着他。 + +“你不继续散步么？”她说。 + +他把他的小车子开动了。他要说的话都说了。他现在重新陷入了他所特有的那种空洞的冷淡中，那是使康妮觉得很难堪的。但是无论如何，她决定不在这林中和他争论。 + +在他们面前开展着那条跑马道，面旁是两排榛子树和斑白色的美丽的树木。小车子缓缓地前进，路上棒树影遮不到的地方，蔓生着牛奶泡沫似的毋忘我花，车子打上面经过，克利，福在路中心欢呼着他的车，在花草满地中，这路中心被脚步践踏成一条小径了。在后面跟着的康妮，望着车轮打小铃兰和喇叭花上而辗过，把爬地藤的带黄色的小花钟儿压个破碎。现在，这车轮在毋忘我花中开着一条路线。 + +所有的花都象在这儿，绿色水池里那些初生的圆叶风铃草，茂盛得象一潭静止的水。 + +“你说得真对，这儿可爱极了。”他说，“美极了，什么东西比得上英国的春天可爱” + +康妮听了他这话，仿佛春天的花开都是由议院来决定似的，英国的春天！为什么不是爱尔兰的，或犹太的春天？小车儿在劲健得象芥麦似的圆叶风铃草丛中缓缓地前进，压着牛劳草的灰色的叶儿。当他们来到那树木伐光了空旷地时，有点眩眼的光线照耀着他们，满地鲜蓝的圆叶风铃草中，间杂着一些带企或带紫的蓝色，在这花群中。一些蕨草抢着褐色的、卷绢的头儿，象是些小蛇，准备若为夏娃汇漏什么新的秘密， + +克利福把车驶到小山顶上，康妮在后面慢馒地跟着。山毛榉的褐色牙儿，温柔地开展着。老去的冬天的粗糙，全变成温柔了。甚至倔强嶙峋的橡树，也发着最柔媚的嫩叶，伸展着纤纤的褐色的小枝翅，好象是些向阳的蝙蝠的翅翼。为什么人类从来就没有什么新鲜的蜕变，使自己返老还童？多么拓燥刻板的人生！ + +克利福把车子停在小山顶上，眺望着下面。圆叶风铃草象蓝色的潮水似的，在那条宽大的马路上泛滥着，温暖的把山麓铺得通蓝。 + +“这种颜色本身是很美的。”克利福说，“但是拿来作画便没有用了。” + +“的确！”康妮说，一点儿也不感兴趣。 + +“让我冒险一下把车子驶到泉源那边去好吗？”克利福说。 + +“我以为车子回来时上得了这个山么？”她说。 + +“我们试试看。不入虎穴，焉得虎子！” + +车子开始慢慢地下着坡，在那条被蓝色的风信子泛滥着的、缚丽的宽道上颠簸着。阿，最后的一条船，在飘过风信子的浅水上！呵，波涛汹涌上的轻舟，在作着我们的文化的末次的航行，到哪儿去，呵，你荒唐的软舟，你蠕蠕地颠缀到那儿去！安泰而又满足，克利福坐在探险的舵前，戴着他的者黑帽，穿着软绒布的短外衣，又镇静又小心。呵，船主哟，我的船主哟，我们壮丽的航行是完结了！可是还没有十分完结呢！康妮穿着灰色的衣裳，在后面跟着轮痕，一边走着，一边望着颠镊着下坡的小车儿。 + +他们打那条小屋里去的狭径前经过，多谢天，这狭径并容不下那小车子，小得连容一个人都不易，车子到了小山箕后，转个弯不见了，康妮听见后面的一声低低的口哨。她转过头去；守猎人正下着坡向她走来，后面跟着他的狗儿。 + +“克利福男爵是不是到村舍那边去？”他一边问，一边望着她的眼睛。 + +“不，只到约翰井那边去。” + +“呵，那好！我可以不露面了。但是我今晚再见你。—点钟左右。在我园门边候你。” + +他重新向她的眼里直望。 + +“好。”她犹豫地说。 + +他们听见克利福响着喇叭声的唤康妮。她呼啸着长声回答着。守猎人的脸上绉了一绉，他用手在康妮的胸前，温柔地从下向上抚摸着。她惊骇地望了望他，忙向山坡上奔去，嘴里呼着“喔——喔”去回答克利福。那人在上面望着她，然后回转身去．微微地苦笑着，向他的小径里隐没。 + +她看见克利福正慢慢地上着坡，向半山上落叶松林中的泉源处走去，当她赶上他时，他已经到了。 + +“车子走得很不错。”他说。 + +康福望着落叶松林边丛生着的牛蒡草，灰色的大叶儿象反影似的。人们叫它做罗宾汉大黄。泉水的阂围．一切都显得十分清静，十分忧郁！而泉水却欢乐地、神妙地腾涌着！那儿还有几朵大戟花和蓝色的大喇叭花。在那池边、黄土在掀动着：一只鼹鼠！它露着头．两只嫩红的手在扒着，钻形在嘴儿在盲目地摇着，嫩红的小鼻尖高举着。 + +“它好象用它的鼻尖在看似的。”康妮说。 + +“比用它的眼睛看得更清楚呢！”他说，“你要喝点水吗？” + +“你呢？” + +她从树枝上拿下接着一个珐琅杯子，弯身去取了一杯水给他。他啜了几口。然后她再弯下身去，她自己也喝了一些。 + +“多么冷！”她喘着气说。 + +“很凉，好喝，是不是？你发了愿吗？” + +“你呢？” + +“是的，我发了个愿，但是我不愿说。” + +她听见落叶松林里一只啄木鸟的声音，然后是一阵轻柔的、神秘的风声。她仰着头。一朵朵白云还蓝色的天上浮过。 + +“有云呢！”她说。 + +“那只是些白色的绵羊。”他答道。 + +一朵云影在那小空地上盖了过去。鼹鼠游到那温软的黄土上去了。 + +“讨厌的小东西。”克利福说：“我们该把它打死。” + +“瞧！它象是个圣坛上的牧师呵。”她说。 + +她采了几朵小铃兰花给他。 + +“野袜草！”他说，“香得和前世纪的浪漫的贵妇们一般，可不是？毕竟那时的贵妇们并不见得怎么颠狂呢！” + +她望着天上的白云。 + +“不知道会不会下雨呢，”她说。 + +“下雨！为什么！你想不下寸么？” + +他们开始向原路回去。克利福小心地驶着颠簸的车子下坡。到了沉黑的山下，向右转走了几分钟。他们便向那向阳的，圆叶风铃草遍布着的长坡上去。 + +“现在，好好走罢！老爷车！”克利福一边说，一边开着车。 + +小车子颠动不稳地上着这险阻的长坡，它好象不太愿意似的挣扎着慢慢走着。好容易他们来到了一处丛生着风情的地方。车子好象给花丛绊着了，它挣扎着，跳了一跳，停住了。 + +“最好是把号角响一响，看守猎人会不会来。”康妮说。 + +“他可以推一推。不过我自己也可以推。那可以帮助一点儿。” + +“我们让车子憩一憩。”克利福说，“请你在车轮后面放一块枕石吧。” + +康妮找了一块石头。他们等待着。过了一会，克利福把机器开了。想把车子开行起来。它挣扎着，象个病人似地摇震着；发着怪声。 + +“让我推一推罢。”康妮说着跑到车子后边去。 + +“不要推！”他恼怒地说：“如果要人推的话，还用得着这该死的机器么！把石头放在车轮下。” + +重新停住，重新又开行着：但是愈来愈糟了。 + +“你得让我推一推。”她说，否则响一响号角叫守猎的来。” + +“等一等！” + +她等候着。他再试了一回，但是越弄越坏。 + +“你既不要我推，那么把号角响起来罢。”她说。 + +“不要管！你静一会儿吧！” + +她静了一会，他凶暴地摇着那小小的发动机。 + +“克利福，你这样子只能把机器全弄坏的。还白费你一番气力呢。”她规劝说。 + +“倘若我能够下来看看这该死的东西就好了！”他激动地说，把号角粗暴地响着。“也许梅乐士会知道毛病在那儿罢。” + +他们在压倒的花丛中等待着，天上渐渐地被云凝结着了。静默中，一只野鸽在叫着咕噜咕咕！咕噜咕咕！克利福在号角上一按，把它吓住了嘴。 + +守猎人立刻在路旁出现了，行了个礼，问是什么事。 + +“你懂机器吗？”克利福尖锐地问道。 + +“我怕我不懂呢。车子有什么毛病么？” + +“显然地！”克利福喝道。 + +那人留心地蹲伏在车轮边，探视着那小机器。 + +“这种机器上的事情，我恐怕全不知道呵！克利福男爵。”他安静地说：“假如汽油和油都够了……” + +“细心看看有什么东西破损了没有？”克利福打断他的话说。 + +那人把他的枪靠在一株树放下，脱了外衣，丢在树边，褐色的狗儿坐着守伺着，然后他蹲伏下去，向画底下细视，手指轻触着油腻的小机器，那油污把他的礼拜日的白衬衣弄脏了，他心里有点恼怒。 + +“不象有什么东西破损了的样子。”他说，站了起来，把帽子向后一推，在额上擦着，思索着。 + +“你看了下面的支校没有？”克利福问道，“看看那儿有没有毛病！” + +那人俯卧在地上，头向后倾，在车下蠕动着，摸索着。康妮想，一个男子俯卧在庞大的地上的时候，他是多么纤弱微小的可怜的东西。 + +“据我看来，似乎并没有什么毛病。”他说。 + +“我想你是没有办法的。”克利福说。 + +“的确没有办法！”他欠身起来蹲坐在脚跟上，象厂工们的坐法一样，“那儿决没有什么破损的东西。” + +克利福把机器开着，然后上了齿轮，可是车子动也不动。 + +“把发动机大力点儿按一按罢。”守猎人授意说。 + +这种参与，使克利福恼怒起来，但是他终于把发动机开到大苍蝇似的嗡嗡响起来了。车子咆哮的嚣响起来了，似乎好些了。 + +“我想行了。”梅乐士说。 + +车子象病人似的向前跳了一跳又退了回来，然后蠕蠕地前进。 + +“要是我推一推，便可以好好地走了。”守猎人一边说，一边走到车后边去。 + +“不要动它！”克利福喝道。“它自己会走！” + +“但是克利福！”康妮在旁边插嘴说，“你知道车子自己走不动了，为什么这样固执！” + +克利福气得脸色苍白起来，他在发动机上猛推。车子迅疾地、摇摆地走了几步，然后在一丛特别浓密的圆叶风铃草丛中停着了。 + +“完了！”守猎人说，“马力不够。” + +“它曾上过这个山坡来的。”克利福冷醒地说。 + +“这一次却不行了。”守猎人说。 + +克利福没有回答。他开始开动着他的发动机，有时紧，有时慢，仿佛他要开出个抑扬婉转的音乐来似的。这种奇异的声音在林中回响着。然后包，他陡然地上了齿轮，一下子把发动机放松了。 + +“你要把车子弄碎呢。”守猎人哺哺地说。 + +车子咆哮地跳了起来。向着路旁的壕沟滚去。 + +“克利福！”康妮喊着向他跑了过去。 + +但是守猎的已经把车杠握着了。克利福也用尽了力量，卒把车子转向路上来，现在，车子发着古怪的嚣声，拼命向上爬着。梅乐士在后面紧紧地推着；小车儿于是前进无阻，仿佛在戴罪立功了。 + +“你瞧，走得多好！”克利福得意地说，说了向后面望着，他看见了守猎的人的头。 + +“你在推着么？” + +“不推不行的。” + +“不要推！我已经告诉你不要动它！” + +“不推不行呢；” + +“让它试试看！”克利福怒喝道。 + +守猎的退开，回身去拿他的枪和外衣。车子仿佛立刻窒息了。它死了似的停着。克利福囚犯似地困在里面，恼怒得脸都自了。他用手推着拔动机，他的脚是没有作的，结果车子响着怪声。在狂暴地领袖躁中，他把小把柄转动着，结果怪声更大，但是车子一点儿也不肯动。他把发动机停住了，在愤怒中硬直地坐着。 + +康妮生在路旁的土堤上，望着那些可怜的，压坏的圆叶风铃草。“再没有象英国的春天这么可有宾东西了：“我能尽我统治者的本份。”“现在我们所要的是一条鞭，而不是一把剑。”“统治阶级！” + +守猎人拿了他的枪和外衣走了上来，佛萝茜小心地跟在他的脚边。克利福叫他看看机器。康妮呢，她对于机器的技术是毫无所知，但是对于汽车在半路坏了时的滋味，却经验得多了，她忍耐地坐在土堤上，仿佛她不存在似的。守猎人重新俯卧在地上，统治阶级也服役阶级！ + +他站了起来忍耐地说：“现在再试一试罢。” + +他的声音是安静的，差不多象是在对一个孩子说话。 + +克利福把发动机开了，梅乐士迅疾地退到车后边去，开始推着。车子走了，差不多一半是车力，其余是人力。 + +克利福回转了头，气极了。 + +“你走开好不好！” + +守猎人立刻松了手，克利福继续说：“我怎么能知道它走得怎样！” + +那人把枪放下了，穿着他的外衣。车子开始馒馒地往后退。 + +“克利福，刹车！”康妮喊道。 + +三个人立刻手忙脚乱起来。康妮和守猎人轻轻地相碰着，车子停住了，大家沉默了一会。 + +“无疑地我是非听人摆布不可了！”克利福说着，气得脸发黄了。 + +没有人回答他。梅乐士把枪挂在肩上，他的脸孔怪异而没有什么表情，有的只是那心不在焉的忍耐的神气罢了。狗儿佛萝茜差不多站在主人的两脚之间守望着，不安地动着，在这三个人的中间迷惑不知所措，狐疑地，厌恶地望着那车子。好一幅活画图摆在那些压倒的圆叶风铃草丛中。大家都默然。 + +“我想是要推一推了。”最后克利福假作镇静地说。 + +没有回答。梅乐士心不在焉的样子，仿佛没有听见似的。康妮焦虑地向他望了一望，克利福地回过头来探望。“梅乐士！你不介意把车子推回去罢！”他用一种冷淡的尊严的声调说，“我希望没有说什么使你见怪的话。”他用不悦的声调说了一句。 + +“一点也没有，克利福男爵！你要我推么？” + +“请。” + +那人走上前去，但是这一次却没有效了。动机绊着了。他们拉着，推着，守猎人重新把他的枪和外衣除了下来。现在克利福一言不发了。最后，守猎人把车子的后身从地上抢地起来。飞了一脚，想使车子轮脱去因绊。没有用，车子重新坠了下去。克利福依在车子一边，那人在举重之后喘着气。 + +“不要这样做！”康妮向他喊道。 + +“假如你把轮子这么一拉，那就行了。”他一边说，—边指示她怎样拉。 + +不，不要再去抬那车子。你要把自己扭伤的。”她说，现在气得一脸通红了。 + +但是，她向他的眼里直望着，点了点头，她不得不上前去扶着轮子，准备着。他把车子抢起了，她拉了一拉，车子颠缀起来。 + +“老天呀！”克利福吓得喊了起来。 + +但是现在好了，发动机不绊着了。守猎人在轮后放了一块石头，走到土坡边坐下。这一番力使他心跳起来，脸孔苍白，差不多晕迷了。康福望着他，气得几乎叫了起来。大家死寂了一会。她看见他的两手在大腿上颤战着。 + +“你受伤了没有？”她向他走上前去说。 + +“不，不”他几分含怒地转过头去。 + +一阵死似的沉寂。金黄色头发的克利福的头，兀然不动。甚至狗儿也站着不动。天上给云遮蔽着了。 + +最后，守猎人叹了一口气，用他的红手巾撂着鼻。 + +“那肺炎病使我气力衰弱了不少。”他说。 + +没有人回答。康妮心里打量着，把那车子和笨重的克利福指起来。那得要好一番气力；那得要太大太在的一番气力呵！假如他没有因此而丢了命！…… + +他站了起来，重新拿了他的外衣，把它挂在车子的门钩上。 + +“你准备好了么，克利福男爵？” + +“是的，我正等着你！” + +他尔身把石头拉开了，用全身重量推着车子，康妮从没有看过他这么苍白，这么无心的。山既陡峻而克利福又沉重。康妮走到守猎人的旁边说：“我也来推！” + +她用一种生了气的妇人的泼辣的气力推着。车子走得快‘较了、克利福回转头来。 + +“何苦呢？”他说。 + +“何苦！你要这人的命么！假如刚才还没有坏的时候，你就让它走的话……” + +她没说下去，她已经喘不过气来了，她推得轻一点儿了；因为那是十分费劲的工作。 + +“呵！轻点儿！”守猎人在她旁边微笑着说。 + +“你的确没有受伤么？”他凶狠地说。 + +他摇了摇头，她望着他的手，一只小小，短短的生支斩，给气候侵赤了的手。这手是爱抚过她的。她还没有端详过它呢，它的样子是这么安静，和他一样，一种奇民蝗内在的安静。康妮看了怪想把它握着，仿佛这只手是不能被她接近似的，她整人脾灵魂突然地为他颠动起来。他是这么沉默，这么不可接近！而他呢，他觉得他的四脚复活了。左手推着车，右手放在康妮的圆而白的手腕上，温柔地、爱抚地挽着她的手腕，一把力量的火焰在他的背上、腰下下降着，使他复了生气。突然地，她尔身吻了吻他的手。这时，正在他们面前的克利宝的头背，却冗然不动。 + +到了小山顶上，他们憩了一憩，劳力过后的康妮，觉得高兴地可以休息一会。她有时曾梦想过这两个男子友爱起来，一个是她的丈夫，一个是她的孩子的父亲。现在，她明白了这种梦想是荒唐无稽的了。这两个男子是水火般不相容的。不是能两立的。她体会了恨之奇妙，这是第一次，而这也是第一次，她分明地、决然地深恨克利福、恨不得要他从这大地上消灭。说也奇怪，她这样根他，并且她自己满承认恨他，使她觉得自由而充满生命起来了。她心里想：“现在我棍他了，我再也不能继续和他同居了。” + +在那平地上，车子只要守猎的一个人推便行了。克利福向康妮谈起话来，表示着他是怪安闲的：他说起在锹浦的爱娃妨毋，说起麦尔肯爵士。他曾写信来问康妮究竟和他一起坐汽车去威尼斯呢，还是和希尔达乘火车一起去。 + +“我情愿坐火车去。”康妮说，“我不喜欢坐汽车走远路，尤其是有灰尘的时候，但是我还要看看希尔达的意思怎样。” + +“她会要坐她自己的汽车和你一起去呢。”他说。 + +“也许！……·这儿我得帮一帮忙把车子推上去，你不知道这车子多么重呢。” + +她走到车后守猎人的旁边，推着车子了微红色的小上径上去，她并不怕给人瞧见不好看了。 + +“为什么不去叫非尔德来推，让我在此地等着，他是够强壮来做这种事的。”克利福说。 + +“现在不过几步就到了。”她喘着气说。 + +但是当他们到了山顶时，她和梅乐士两个人都在揩着脸上的汗，这种共同的工作，奇异地使他们更亲近了。当他们到了屋门口时，克利福说：“劳驾得很，梅乐士，我得换一架发动机才行。你愿意到厨房里去用午饭么？我想差不多是时候了。” + +“谢谢，克利福男爵。我要去我母亲那里吃饭。今天是星期天。” + +“随你便罢。” + +梅乐士把外衣穿上了，望着康妮，行了个礼便走了，康妮悻悻地回到楼上去。 + +午饭的时候，她忍不住她的感情了。 + +“克利福，你为什么这么可厌地不体谅人？”她说。 + +“体谅谁？” + +“那守猎的！假如那便是你所谓的统治阶级的行为，我要替你可惜呢。” + +“为什么？” + +“他是一个病后体弱的人！老实说，健如我是服役阶级的人，定不睬你，让你尽管呼唤！” + +“我很相信你会这样。” + +假如车子里坐的是他，两腿又疯瘫了，并且举止又和你一样，你将对他怎样？” + +“我亲爱的传道师，你这样把两个地位不同的人相提并论，是无聊的。” + +“而你这样卑劣地，拓萎了似的缺乏普通的同情，才是最无聊的呢。贵者施思于人呀！唉。你和你的统治阶级！” + +“可施给我什么呢？难道要为我的守猎人作一场莫须有的感情冲动？我不，这些我让我的传道师担任去。” + +“哎呀，仿佛他就是象你一样的一个人似的！” + +“总之他是我的守猎人，我每星期绘他两金镑，并且给他一所屋子住。” + +“你给他！你想为什么你给他两金镑一星期，和一所屋子住。为什么？” + +“为了他的服役。” + +“咳！我告诉你还是留下你的两金镑一星期，和你的屋子罢！” + +“大概他也想这样对我说，不过他就没有这个能耐儿！” + +“你，你的统治！”她说，“你并不能统治，别梦想罢。你不过比他人多点钱，把这钱去使人替你服役，一星期两金镑，否则便叫他们饿死了罢。统治！统治什冬？你是从头到脚干涸的！你只知道拿金钱去压诈他人，和任何犹太人及任何浑水捉鱼的人一样！” + +“一番好漂亮的话，查太莱男爵夫人！” + +“你呢！你刚才在林中时，才真是漂亮极了！我真替你害羞！咳，我的父亲比你人道十倍，你们上流人呵！” + +他按铃叫波太太。但是他已经两腮发蒙了。 + +康妮怒不可遏地回到楼上去，心里说着：“他！用钱去买人！好，他并没有买我，所以我没有和他共住的必要。一条死鱼要瓣上流人，他的灵魂是赛聪蹈的；他们多么欺骗人，用他们的仪度和他们的奸猾虚焦的上流人的神气。他们大概只有赛潞瑶一样多的感情。” + +她计划着晚上的事情，决意不去想克利福了。她不愿去恨他。她不愿在任何感情上——甚至恨——和他太亲切地生活了。她不愿他丝毫地知道她，尤其不愿他知道她对于那个守猎人的感情。关于她对待用人的态度的这种争吵，不是自今日始。他觉得那是家常事了。她呢，她觉得她一提到他人的事的时候，他是呆木无感的，坚韧得和橡胶似的。 + +晚饭的时候，她泰地下楼去，带着平素那种端庄的神气，他的两腮还在发黄！他的肚气又发作了，那使他变得十分怪异……他正读着一本法文书。 + +“你读过普鲁斯的作品吗？他问。 + +“读过，但是他的作品使我烦厌。” + +“他真是个非常的作家。” + +“也许！但是他使我烦厌：那种诡谲的花言巧语！他并没有感情，他只是对于感情说得滔滔不休罢了。妄自尊大的人心，我是厌倦的。” + +“那么你宁爱妄自尊大的兽性么？” + +“也许！但是一个人也许可以找点什么不妄自尊大的东西吧。” + +“总之，我喜欢普鲁斯特的锐敏，和他的高尚的无政府情态。” + +“那便是使你毫无生命的东西！” + +“我的传道士小夫人又在说道了。” + +这样，他们又开始那争吵不尽的争吵了！但是她忍不住去和他争斗。他坐在那儿象一具骷髅似的，施着一种骷髅的、腐朽的、冷森森的意志去反抗她。她仿佛觉得那骷髅正把她抓着，把她压抑在它胸膛的骨架前。这骷髅也武装起来了。她有点害怕起来。 + +她等到一可以脱身的时候，便回到楼上房里去了，很早地便上床去了。但是到了九点半，她便起来往外边打听动静。一点声响也没有。她穿了一件室内便衣走下楼去，克利福和波太太正在打牌赌钱，大概他们是要玩到半夜的。 + +康妮回到了寝室里，把她所穿的室内便衣丢在凌乱的床上，穿上了一件薄薄的寝衣，外面加了一件日常穿的绒衣，穿了一双胶底的网球鞋，披了一件轻松外套，一切都准备好了。假如碰见什么人的话，她可以说是出去一会儿，早上回来的时候！她可以说是在露里散步回来，这是她在早餐以前常做的事，唯一的危险便是在夜里有人到她寝室里来。但这是罕有的事，一百回碰不到一回的。 + +白蒂斯还没有把门上锁。他是十点关门，早上七点开门的。她悄悄地闪了出来，没有谁看见她。天上悬着一弯半月，亮得尽够使大地光明，但却不能使人看见这穿着暗色处厌的她。她迅疾地穿过了花园，与其说是幽会使她兴奋，不如说是甘种反叛的暴怒使她心里火烧着，这种心境是不适于爱情的幽会的。但是事情是只好逆来顺受呵！ + + + + + +第十四章 + + +当她将到园门边时，她听见开门的声音，那么，他已经在黝黑的林中，并且看见她了。 + +“你来的早呢。”他在黑暗里说，“一切都好么？” + +“一切都顺利。” + +她出了园门后，他悄悄地把它关上了。他的手电筒在黑暗的地上照着，照着那些夜里还开着的灰白色的花朵。默默地，他们前后相隔着前进。 + +“你今天早上的确没有为了那车子受伤么？”她问道。 + +“没有，没有！” + +“你什么时候得的那肺炎病，这病对你的影响怎样？” + +“呵，没有怎样！只是心弱一点，肺硬一点罢了，但是肺炎过后总是这样的。” + +“你不应该作激烈的操作吧？” + +“不要太经常就是。” + +她在愤怒的静默中缓缓地前进着。 + +“你恨克利福吗？”他最后说。 + +“恨她？不！和他一样的人，我碰过太多了，我再也不自录烦恼地去恨他们了。我早就知道他这一粝的人是我所不喜欢的，所以我却置之漠然了。” + +“他是哪一类的人？” + +“呵，你比我更知道，他是那种半年轻的有点带女性的没有睾丸的人。” + +“没有什么？” + +“没有睾丸，男子的睾丸。” + +她沉思着。 + +“难道问题就是这个么？”她有点烦闷地说。 + +“当一个人蠢笨的时候，你说他没有脑筋，当他卑一下的时候，你说他没有心。当他怯懦的时候、你说他没有脾胃；当他是毫无那种男性的凶猛的火气的时候，你便说他没有塞丸，当他是一种驯服了的人的时候……” + +她沉思着。 + +“克利福是不是驯服的人？她问道。 + +“是的，驯服了，并且可恶得很，那是和大多数的这类的人一样的，当你反抗他们的时候。” + +“你以为你是不驯服的么？” + +“也许不太。” + +远远地她看见了一点黄色的灯光。她站住了。 + +“有灯火么？”她说。 + +“我常常是点一盏灯在家里的。”他说。 + +她继续和他并行着，但没有触着他。她自己心里奇怪着为什么要同他去。为什么？ + +他把门开了；两个人进去后，他再把门日住。他想，这好象是个监狱呢！红热的火边，开水壶正在响着；桌子上摆了几个茶杯。 + +她坐在火边一把木椅子上。从寒冷地外面进来，觉得这儿是温暖的。 + +“我的鞋都湿了，我脱了罢。”康媳说。 + +她把她穿的袜的两脚放在光亮的钢火炉围栏上。他到伙食间里找了些食物：面包、牛油和卤奄肉。她热起来了。她把外套脱了。 + +“你要喝可可呢，茶呢，还是咖啡？”他问道。 + +“我什么都不想，你自己请吃罢。” + +“我不想吃什么，只是要给点东西狗儿吃。” + +他在砖上稳重地、恬静地踱来踱去，预备了一碗狗吃的东西。那猎狗不安地举着头望着他。 + +“来，这儿是你的晚餐；不用装那副怪样子！”他说。 + +他把碗放在楼梯脚下的地席上后，在靠墙的一把椅子上坐了下去，脱了他的脚绊和鞋那猎狗儿并不吃，却跑到他的旁边坐下，不安地仰望着他。 + +他缓缓地解地他的脚绊。狗儿越靠近着他。 + +“您怎么啦、因为这儿有个外人所以这么不安么、呵，女性终是女性！去吃你的晚餐吧。” + +他把手放在它的头上，狗儿侧着头依着他。他轻柔地拉着它软滑的长耳朵。 + +“那边，那边！去吃您的晚餐去！去！” + +他把椅子移向楼梯那边，狗儿柔顺地走去吃它的东西。 + +“你喜欢狗吗。”康妮问道。 + +“不，不太喜欢。它们太驯服，太缠绵了。” + +他脱了脚绊正在脱着笨重的鞋康妮背着火向房子里望着。多么简朴的一间小房子！但是墙上却接着一张令人生怖的结婚放大像，显然是他和他的女人，一个有着刚勇的脸孔的年轻女子。 + +“那是你么？：康妮问道。 + +他回过头来望着他头睥那张大像。 + +“是的！这像是刚要结婚前照的，那时我是二十一岁。”他很冷静地望着那像片。 + +“我喜欢这个像么。”康妮问道。 + +“喜欢？不！我从来不喜欢照这像。但是她却非照这像不，可。” + +他回转头去把鞋脱着。 + +“你，既不喜欢，为什么挂在那儿、也许你太太会高夹的到淖借呢。”她说。 + +他突然苦笑起来望着她，说： + +“凡家里值得带走的东西，她都带走了：但是这张像，她却留下了！” + +“那么为什么你还留着它呢？为了痴情的缘故么？” + +“不，我从来就没有瞧它，我差不多就不知道有它。那是从我们这儿来就挂在那里的。” + +“你为什么不把它烧了。” + +他又回过头来望着那张像：四面装的是丑陋的褐色油金的框子，上面是个没有胡子的、活泼的、样子很年轻的男子，领于有点过高，和一个身树有点臃肿，穿着一件暗色缎衣，卷发蓬松、刚勇的年轻妇人。 + +“真的，这主意图不错。”他说。 + +他把鞋脱了换上了一双托鞋。他站地椅子上，把墙上的像取了下来，带绿色的图纸上，留下了一块苍白色的大方形。 + +“用不着拂去上面的灰尘上。”他一边说，一边把像架靠着墙根放了。 + +他到杂物间里取了一把铁锤和钳子回来。坐在刚才坐的那个地位，他开始把那大像架背后的纸撕了，小钉子拔了。他沉静地入神地工作着，这神情是他所特有的。 + +一会儿，他把钉子都拔了。他把后面的木板取了下来，再把那坚实的硬纸的像怎取了出来，他觉得有趣的望着那张像怎说 + +“我那时的样子恰是这样：象一个年轻的教士；面她那时的样子也恰是这样：象一只河东狮子，一只奸头奸胸的河东狮子！” + +“让我瞧瞧。”康妮说。 + +真的，他胡子剃得光光的，样子顶整洁，这是二二盯前那些整洁的青年之一。甚至在像上，他的眼眼也是活泼而无畏的。那女人呢，虽然她的颐骨是沉重的。但并不怎样象河东狮子。她有一种令人看了不免感动的什么东西。 + +“一个人千万不要留这种东西。”康妮说。 + +“的确；千万不要留；尤其千万不要去照3” + +他把像怎在膝上撕碎了；撕成了小片时，他丢进火里去。“只是把火壅塞了。”他说。 + +他小心地把玻璃和木板拿到楼上去。 + +他把像架用铁锤打碎了，上面的漆灰飞扬着。然后他把碎片带到杂物间里去。 + +“这个我明天再烧。”他说：“上面的膏泥灰漆太多了。” + +把一切收拾好了后，他坐了下来。 + +“你爱不爱你的女人。”她问他。 + +“爱。”他说：“你爱不爱克利福男爵。” + +但是她非问个究竟不休。 + +“但是你想她罢。”她坚持地问。 + +“想她。”她苦笑着。 + +“也许你现面还想她罢。”她说 + +“我！”她睁着眼睛，“呵，不，我一想到她就难受。”他安静地说。 + +“为什么。” + +他只是摇着头。 + +“那么为什么你不离婚？她总有一天是要回来的。”康妮说。 + +他尖锐地望着她。 + +“决没有这事，她恨我比我恨她更甚呢。” + +“你看吧，她将来要回来的。” + +“决不会，那是没有问题的了！我再也见不到她了。” + +“你将要见她的。你们的分居是没有法律根据的，是不是？” + +“没有。” + +“呵，那么她是要回来的。那时你便不得不收容她。” + +他呆呆地望着康妮。然后奇怪的摇着头。 + +“你的话也许是对的。我回到这个地方来真是笨！但是我那时正在飘零无依，而不得不找个安顿的地方。人再也没有比落魄者更可怜的境遇了。不过你的话是对的。我得把婚离了。各个自由。公务员、法庭、裁判官……我是恨之入骨的。但是我不得不忍受。我要离婚。” + +她看见他把牙关啼紧了，她心里暗地里在狂喜着。 + +“我现在想喝杯茶了。”她说。 + +他站起来去弄茶。但是他脸上的神态还是没有变。 + +当他们在桌边就坐后，她问道： + +“你为什么和她结婚、她比你低下，波太大对我讲过她的事情，她永不能明白为什么你和她结婚。” + +他疑视着她。 + +“让我告诉你罢。”他说，“我第一个情妇，是当我十六岁的时候开始追逐她的。她是一个奥拉东地方的校长的女儿，长得满好看，还可以说是很美丽，那时人家认为我是个有为的青年。我是雪非尔得公学出身，我懂有法文和德文，我自己也非常自大，她是个浪漫派儿，讨厌一切庸俗的东西。她怂恿我读书吟诗：从某一方面来讲，她使我成了个大丈夫。为了她，我热心地读书，思索。那时我在巴脱来事务所里做事，又苍白又瘦弱，所有读过的东西都使我胡思乱想起来。我和她一切都谈。无所不谈，我们从波斯的巴色波里谈到非洲的唐布都。百里以内再也找不出我们这样有文学修养的一对了。我对她说得出神入化，的确也出神人化。我简直是飘飘欲仙了。并且她崇拜我。可是，草中有伏蛇；那便是性爱的问题。她并没有性感；至少是那应该有的地方她却没有。我一天一天地消一天一天地痴狂。我对她说，我们非成情人不行了。我同平常一样，用言语去把她说服了。于是她委身与我了。我觉得很兴奋，可是她总是没有兴味。她压根儿就不想那个。她只是崇拜我，她只爱听我说话，爱我抱吻她。其余，她就压根儿不想。世上有不少同她一样的女子。我呢，我所想的恰恰是其余的，于是我们闹翻了，我残忍地丢了她。当时，我和另一个少女发生关系，她是个女教员，不久以前日有过一场不体面的事；拼上了一个有妇之夫，差不多把她弄得发狂，她是个温柔的、皮肤嫩自的妇人，年纪比我大点，还会拉四弦琴．她真是个妖精。关于恋爱的东西，她样样喜欢，就是性爱她不喜欢．又妖腐，又缠绵，不知用多少药样来迷你只是是如果迫她进一步到性爱上去，她便要咬牙切齿地馏恨起来，我强迫她屈服．她简直把我恨死了。于是我又失望了。我深恶这种种。我需要的是一个克要我，而又需要‘那个’的女人。 + +“跟着来自黛·古蒂斯，当我还是孩童的时候，古蒂斯一家就任在我们田邻，所以我很认识他们。他们都是庸欲的人。白黛到波明汉去就个什么事情一据她自己说，是在一个人家里当女伴，但是大家却说她是在一家旅馆里当女仆一类的事情，这且不提，事情是正当我再也受不了刚才说的那个女人的时候，白黛回家来了，风致釉然，穿着人时，带着一种花校招展的光彩，这种肉感的光彩，我们有时是可以从一个女人或一架电车看得见的。我呢，我正在一称失望的、敢作敢为的情境中。我辞了巴脱来的差，因为我觉得干那种事情太不值了．我回到了达娃斯哈来当铁匠头：主要的工作是替巴安铁蹄那是我父亲的职业，我一向是和他在一起的。我喜欢这职业，我喜欢马，我觉得联业正合我的意，于是我不说他们所谓的‘斯文’话了，那便是说，不说那正确的英语，面重新说起土话来了．我不田地在家里续书，但是我打着铁、安着马蹄。我有—头小马和一部自己的汽车，我父亲死后给成留下了三百镑。于是，我和白黛发生了关系，而且我喜欢她的庸俗：我需要她庸俗；我要我自己也庸俗起来。好，我娶她了。起初，她还不坏。其他的、纯洁的、妇人们差不多把我的睾丸都剥夺了，但是白黛在剥一点上却还好，她需要我，而不待人千呼万唤。我满心得意。那正是我所需要的：一个解怜爱的女人。于是我拼命地把她怜爱。我想她有点看不起我，因为我高兴得不可名状，有时还服侍她在床上吃早餐呢！她一切都不管，当我工作回来时，没有一顿象样的晚餐是常有的事，要是我说个不是，她便闹将起来。以毒攻毒，我也不让，她把个茶杯向我头上飞过来。我扼着她了的颈项，把她窒得魂出七窍。如此这般地继续下去。她很傲慢地对待我。事情弄得我要她进，她永不让我，永不，她者是拒绝我，粗野得不成话。她简直使我厌恶极了，使我再也不要她了。那时她却狐狸似地要我了，我只好屈服。我老是迁就。但是当我们干起来时，她却永不和我一块享受，永不！她只是等待，要是我忍过半点钟，她忍得更久。当我完毕了时，那么她便开始干她的，我得在她里面一直等到她完事，嘴里呼号着，全身摆荡着，她下面的那个地方钳紧着，钳紧着，然后失了魉心的舒畅。于是她说：‘好极了！’渐渐地，我觉得讨厌了而她呢，却愈来愈坏，她渐渐地更不容易得到完毕了。她在那下面撕扯着我，仿佛她那儿有个尖喙似地撕扯着我，天哟！人‘家以为女人那下面是柔软得象一颗无花果，但是我告诉你，那些老贱妇的两腿间有个尖喙，直把你撕扯得忍无可忍为止。我！我！我！她们只想着她们自己，撕扯着、呼号着。她们还说男子是自私的；但是男于的自私，较之这种一旦成了习惯后的妇人的盲目的撕扯，恐有天壤之别罢。好象个老娼妓！她却是无可奈何的。我对她说起过，我告诉她我多么厌恶那样。而她却也情意试一试改过来。她评着静静地躺着，一切工作都让我。她试着；但是那是没有用的。我的工作，她么点儿感觉都没有。她得自己动作，磨她自己的咖啡，这一来她又得开始那一套了。她非要她自己放肆不可，扯着，撕着，扯着，撕着，仿佛她身上只有她那尖喙上有感觉，只有那磨擦着撕扯着的尖喙的顶上有感觉。人说，老淫妇便是那样，这是她的一种卑下的固执性。一种嗜酒的妇人的疯狂的固执性。好，到了后来我忍不住了。我们分床睡了，这是她自己开始的，当她到了脾气发作的时候，而想不要我的时候，她说我眶待她，于是她要自己一个人一间卧室。但是后来，我不许她进我房子里来的日子到了，我再也不要她了。 + +“我恨这一切。她呢，她也恨我，我的上帝，那孩子出世以前她多么恨我！我常想这孩子是她在恨中得的胎。虽然，孩子生后，我便不理她了，以后大战来了。我入了伍，我直至探明她和史行业门的一个家伙拼上了才回来的。” + +他停住了。脸孔是苍白的。 + +“史德门的那个人是怎样的一上人？”康妮问道。 + +“一个有点孩子样的大汉字，满口秽言的。她凌眶他，并且他们俩口儿都喝酒。” + +“唉！假如她回来的话！” + +“呵，我的上帝！那我便得走，我介得重新隐没！” + +两人静默了一会，火上的像片已经烧成灰烬了。 + +“这样看来。”康妮说：“你真得到了需要你的妇人后，不久你便觉得腻了。” + +“是的，大概是的！虽然是这样，我却宁愿白黛面不愿那些‘水不永不’的女子；那种我年青时候的‘纯洁’的爱人，那种有毒气的百合花，和基耸。” + +“其他？” + +“其他？没有什么其他的，不过，经验告诉我，大部分的妇人都是这样；她们需要一个男子，但是不要性爱。她们忍受着，仿佛那是恶命中不得不忍受的事。再旧式一点的，她们便象木头似的，躺在那儿任你冲撞事后她们也不关心。她们喜欢你，但那件事的本身，对她们是没有什么的。只是有点无味罢了。大多数的男子倒喜欢这样，我却讨厌，但是有一种奸诈的妇人，她们虽然也是一样，却假装不一样，她们表面上似乎狂热，似乎消魂不禁，但实际上只是一套把戏，只是装模作样罢了……其次是那些什么都爱的，什么样的感觉。什么样的抚爱，什么样的滋味，无所不爱，就是不爱自然的那一种。她们常常使你在唯一享受的地方以处的地方去享受。……还有是一种坚硬的女子。想使她们享受真是上天般难，她们是要自力享受的，正如我的女人一样，她们要站在主动者的地位。……还有是里面简直了的，全死了的，她们自己也知道，科学还有是那种没有到期就使你草率了事，然后她们继续着靠紧你的大腿，簸动着她们的腰，直至她们自己完毕为止的。她们大多数都是搞同性恋式的，世上多少妇人，有意识的，或无意识地，都是属于搞同性恋式的，真令人惊异，我觉得她们差不多全部是这一类。” + +“你觉得厌恶么？”康妮问道。 + +“我觉得她们都该杀！当我碰到一个真正的搞同性恋式的妇人时，我心里咆哮着，想把她杀死。” + +“你怎么对付呢？” + +“走开，愈快愈好。” + +“但是你以为搞同性恋式的妇人，比有同性爱癖的男子更要不得么？” + +“是的，我以为更要不得。因为她们给我的苦头更大。在理论上，我倒不说，当我遇到一个搞同性恋式的妇人时，不论她自己知道不知道，我便要发狂，不，不，我再也不想和任何妇人有什么来往了，我要自己孤守着，我要守着我的孤独和我的高洁。” + +他脸色苍白地理着眉头。 + +“你遇着我了，你觉得懊悔么？”她问道。 + +“我懊悔而又高兴。” + +“现在呢？” + +“现在，我忧惧外边的不可避免的种种纠纷，种种诽谤，种种丑恶，这种种迟早是要来到的，当我气馁的时候，我是沮丧的，但是当我气盛的时候，我又觉得快乐了。甚至觉得胜利了。我没有遇到你以前，正是我日见苦恼的时候，我想人世间再也没有真天上的性爱了。再也没有真正地、自然地和一个男子在肉感上共鸣的妇人了。有的只是黑种女子……不过我们是白人，黑人却有点象一团泥。” + +“现在呢，你高兴我么？”她问道。 + +“是的！当我能忘掉其作瓣时候，当我不能忘掉其作田时候，我便想躲在桌子下面去死。” + +“为什么在桌子下面呢？” + +“为什么？”他笑了起来，“去捉迷藏呢，孩子！” + +“你对于女子的经验，似乎真的太坏了。”她说。 + +“那是因为我不能自欺的缘故，在这一点上，多数的男子却能做到。他们采择一种态度，接受欺骗。我呢，我决不能自欺，我知道我所求于一个女子的是什么，如果没有得到，我决不能说我得到了。” + +“但是你现在得到了么？” + +“象是得到了。” + +“那么你为什么这样苍白而抑郁？” + +“往事太多了，或者也因为我怕自己。” + +她静默的坐着，夜渐渐深了。 + +“你觉得男女之事是重要的么？”她问道。 + +“在我。那是重要的，在我，如果我能够和一个女子发生适当的关系，那是我生命中最重要的事。” + +“假如你不能呢？ + +“那么我便只好没有。” + +她沉思了一下，然后问道： + +“你相信你一向对待女子没有过错误的地方么？” + +“天哟，不！我的女人弄到那步田地，大半是我的错，是我使她变坏的，我是个很狐疑的人，你将来便会晓得的，要我对谁深信起来，那是件难事，晤，也许我自己也是个令人失望的人，我狐疑着。真正的温情却是不客人误认的。” + +她望着他。 + +“当你血气沸腾的时候，你不狐疑你的肉体吧。”她说：“那时你不狐疑吧，是不是？” + +“唉，是的！我的一切烦恼就是那样得来的，这也便是我的心所以如此狐疑的缘故。” + +“让你的心狐疑去吧，这有什么要紧！” + +狗儿不安地在席了叹了气，炉火给灰炉掩着，弱了起来。 + +“我们是一对被打败了的战士。”康妮说。 + +“你也被打败了么？”他笑着说：“现在我们又上前线再战去了！” + +“是的！我真有时怕。” + +“是么！” + +他站起来，把康妮的鞋拿去烘干，把他自己的擦了一擦，也放到火边去，明天早上他将加点油去把它们擦亮了，他搅着火，把纸灰搅了下去，“甚至烧化了都肮脏。”他说，接着他拿了一些柴枝放在火架上，预备早上烧的，然后他带了狗儿出去了一会。 + +当他回来时，康妮说： + +“我也要出去一会儿。” + +她独自的到黑暗的外边去，那是个繁星之夜，在夜气里，她闻着花香，她觉得她温的鞍更加湿了，但是她觉得想走开，一直的走开，远离着他，远离着一切的人。 + +外面是冷的。她战栗着回到屋里去，他正坐在半熄了的炉火面前。 + +“呵，冷呀！”她战栗着。他添了些柴枝，再去取了些柴枝，直至一炉子满是熊熊的火焰，发着劈拍声，跳跃着飞腾着的火焰，使他们俩都快活起来，温暖着他们的脸和他们的灵魂。 + +看见他静默地、疏远地坐着，她握着了他的手：“不要愁，一个人只好尽力做去。” + +“是的！”他叹了口气，苦笑着。 + +她挨近着他，依在他的两臂里。 + +“忘掉它吧！”她细声说：“忘掉它罢！” + +在火的奔流的热力中，他抱紧着她。火焰本身就象一种忘记。还有她的柔媚的、温热的、成熟的重量！慢慢地，他的血流转变了。开始有力量，有生气，而且猛勇了。 + +“也许那些女人在心底里是想亲近你，并且好好地爱你的，不过她们也许不能。也许那不全是她们的过失罢。”她说。 + +“我知道，我自己曾经是一条被蹂躏的断了脊骨的蛇，你以为我不知道么？” + +她突然紧紧地依着他。她本来不愿再提起这一切了；但是一种恶作剧的念头在推着她。 + +“但是你现在不是那样了。”她说：“你再也不是一种被蹂躏的断了脊骨的蛇了。” + +“我不知道现在我怎样，前头还有黑暗的日子里。” + +“不！”她紧依着他抗议说，“为什么，为什么？” + +“我们的一切，我们每个人，都将有黑暗的日子来到。”他用—种预言家的忧郁口气重新说道。 + +“不！不要说这种话！” + +他静默着，但是她可以觉着他的里面有一个失望的黑洞在。一切欲，望，一切爱，都在那儿死了：人们的心灵便迷失在他们里面的这种失望的黑窖中。 + +“你这么冷酷地说着性爱。”她说，“你那种说法，仿佛你只求你个人的快乐，和你个人的满足似的。” + +她兴奋地起来反抗他了。 + +“不！”他说：“我想从一个女人那里得到我的快乐和满足，介一我却从未得到，因为我决不能得到我的快乐和满足，除非她同时从我这儿得到她的。那是从来没有实现过的事，那是要两两相承的。” + +“但是你就从来没有信任过你所有的女人，实际上你是连我也不信任的。”她说。 + +“我不懂信任女人是什么意思。” + +“你瞧！坏处就在这儿。” + +她依旧在他的膝上蜷伏着。但是他的心是飘忽的，不在的，他不是理会她的时候，她所说的话，只是把她驱得更远。 + +“毕竟你信任什么？”她坚持着说。 + +“我不知道。” + +“什么也不信。和我所认识的男子一样。”她说。 + +他们沉默了。然后他兴奋起来说： + +“是的，我相信点什么东西的。我相信要有温热的心。我相信假如男子们在性交的时候有温热的心，女子们用温热的心去接受。一切全好了。那种种心冷意谈的性交，都是愚味的死把戏。” + +“但是你不心冷意淡地和我性交罢？”她说。 + +“我现在一点儿都不想和你性交，此刻我的心正冷得象冷番薯似的。” + +“呀；”她吻着他，笑地谈地说：“让我们这冷番薯来焖一焖罢。” + +他笑了起来，拯直着身子说： + +“那是真的，一切都要有点温热的心儿。可是女人们却不喜欢。甚至你也不真正喜欢。你喜欢舒服的、剧烈的、尖锐的、心冷意谈的那种性交，然后你却说那是甜得密似的。你哪儿有什么对我的柔情？你对我狐疑得象一只猫对一只狗似的。我告诉你：即使想有温热的心和柔情，也得有两造才行。你爱性交，那是不待言的了。但是你却想把这玩意儿加上个什么都丽神妙的名堂，去诌媚你的自尊心。在你看来，你的自尊心，是比无论那个男于，是比男女关系更重要的。” + +“但这恰恰是我所要责备你的地方。你的自尊心是大于一切的。” + +“那么，好罢！不要再谈了！”他说着。想站起来，“让我们各行其素罢。我宁愿死，而不愿再干那心冷意淡的性交了。” + +她离开了他，他站了起来。 + +“你以为我又愿意么？”她说。 + +“我希望你也不愿。”他答道，“无论怎样，你到楼上去睡罢．我就在这楼下睡好了。” + +她望着他。他是苍白的，两眉深锁着，他好象北极一般的远离着她。男子们都是一样的。 + +“没有到早晨我不能回去。”她说。 + +“不！到楼上睡去，现在是一点差一刻了。” + +“我不支，我一定不去。”她说。 + +他走过去拿起他的鞋“好，我要出去！”他说。 + +他开始在穿鞋。她呆呆地望着他。 + +“等一等！”她支吾着说：“等一等！我们究竟怎么了？” + +他弯身系着他的鞋带，没有回答。时间过着，康妮觉得一阵黑，象要晕眩了，她的意识全失了，她呆呆地站在那儿，圆睁着眼睛望着他，一切知觉都失了。 + +这种静寂使他抬起头来，看见他圆睁的眼睛，迷失着的样子，好象一阵狂风打着她，他把她抱在怀里，紧紧地拥着，他觉得全身都疼痛起来，他抱着她；她让他抱着。 + +他的手盲目地探摸着她，直至探摸到了她衣裳下面那又又暖的地方。 + +“我的小人儿！”他用土话喃喃地说：“我的小人我和！我们不斗气罢！让我们永不要斗气罢！我爱您，我爱抚触您。别和我争执！不！不！不！让我们和好在一块儿罢。” + +她抬头望着他。 + +“不要烦闷。”她镇地说：“烦闷是没有用的。你真是想和我在一块儿么？” + +她宽大而镇静的眼睛望着他的脸。他停住手，突然地静默起来，脸回避着。但是他的身体并没有避开。 + +然后他回过头来，向她眼里望着，脸上带着他那古怪的讽否则的苦笑说：“是的！让我们和好在一块儿，誓不相分！” + +“是真的么？”她说，两眼充满着眼泪。 + +“是的，真的！心和腹和阳具都和您在一块儿。” + +他一边望着她，一边微笑着，眼里有一种讽刺的晶光，还带了一种苦味。 + +她忍声地哭泣着，他在炉火前的地毡上，和她躺了下去，并且进了她的里面，这样他们才得到了几分安静。然后他们迅速上楼就寝，因为夜气渐渐地寒冷起来了。而且他们都互，相弄得疲乏极了。她小鸟儿似地依在他的怀里，他们立刻入睡，深深地人了同五的睡乡里，这样，他们安睡着，直至太阳出林梢，直至白日开始的时候。 + +然后他醒了，望着日光，听着垂帘的窗外，山茑鸦和画眉在村中噪叫，这定将是个眼朗的早晨。约莫五点半了，这是他平日起床的时候，他夜来睡得多熟；这是多么新鲜的日子！女人还在温甜地、蜷伏地睡着。他的手抚着她，她睁开了她那又蓝又惊异的眼睛，朦胧地向她微笑着。 + +“他醒了么？”她说。 + +他向她的眼里望着，他微笑着吻着她，突然地，她清醒了坐了起来。 + +“想不到我竟在这儿呢！”她说。 + +她向那粉白的小房子四下望着，天花板是倾斜的，屋角的窗户，白帘垂着；房子里空空地，只有一个黄色的衣柜、一把椅子和那张好必他睡着的小白床。 + +“想不到我们竟在这儿呢！”她一边说，一边俯望着他。他躺在那儿，痴望着她，在她的薄薄的睡衣下，爱抚着她的乳房。当他这样温热地横陈着的时候，他显得年轻而美貌。他的眼睛竟是这么温暖！她呢，她是鲜艳面听轻得象一枝花一样。 + +“我要你把这个脱了！”他一边说，一边掀起了她的薄薄的细麻的睡衣。从她头上脱了下来，她坐在那儿，裸露着两肩。和两只有点垂长而带金色的乳房，他喜欢把她的乳房象吊钟似的轻轻摇着。 + +“你也得把你的衣裤脱了。”她说。 + +“呵！不！” + +“要！要！”她命令道。 + +他把棉布的旧短褂脱了，把长裤推了下去，除了手里和手腕、脸和颈以外，他是一乳一般的白，他的优美的肤肉是幼嫩而有筋节的。骤然地，康妮重新觉得他的刺人的美，正如她那天午后看见他洗身的时候一样。 + +。金阳晒在白色的垂帘上，她觉得太阳正想进来。 + +“呵！让我们把窗帘打开罢！鸟儿唱着真高兴！我们让太阳进来罢！”她说。 + +他走下床去，背向着康妮，赤棵裸地，又白又瘦，身子有时前倾，定到窗边，他把窗帘拉开了，向外边望了一会，他的背是白嫩的色的，优美的，却又是有力的。 + +在这纤细的美妙的肉体里，有着一种内在的，而非外在的力量。 + +“你真美哟！”她说，“这么纯洁而美妙！来罢！“她伸着两臂。 + +他不好意思向她回转身去。因为他的赤裸肉体正在兴奋着。 + +他在地上拾起了他的衬衣，遮掩着前身向她走了过去。 + +“不！”她说。她依旧伸着纤细而美丽的两臂挺着两只下坠的乳房。“让我看看你！” + +他让衬衣坠了下去，木立着向她着望。阳光从矮窗射了进来，照着他的大腿，和纤小的小腹，和昂挺的‘法乐士’，在一小朵金赤色的发亮的毛丛中，黑幽比寺，温热热地举了起来，她觉得惊愕而羞怕。 + +“多么奇怪！她缓缓地说，“它在那儿的样子多么奇怪！这样大！这样黝黑而镇定！可不是么？” + +男子俯望着他的纤细而白嫩的前身，他笑了。在他纤细的两乳间；毛色是暗的，差不多黑的，但是在小腹下那‘法乐士’举起的地方，浓浓地一小丛的毛色是金赤的，发亮的。 + +“这么骄傲！”她不安地，喃喃地说：“并且这么威风现在我明白为什么男子们都这么专横了！可是它的确是可有宾，好象它有它自己的生命似的！有点让人生怕，可是的确可爱！并且它是向我来呢！……”她咬着她的下唇，又惊怕又兴奋。 + +男子沉默地望着那紧张的“法乐士”。一“是的。”他最后细声地用着土话说：“是的，我的儿哟！您在那儿还不错呢。您可以昂首面无畏！您在那儿优游自得，毫不求人！您是不是我的主人，约翰·多马士？您是我的主人么？喂，约翰·多马士，您比我更生动，您比我寡言：您想她么？您想我的珍奴夫人么？您又使我沉沦了，好家伙！是的，您笑迷迷地高举起来。那么去问她罢！去问珍奴夫人罢！您说：‘呵，门哟，把你的门据开了罢，光荣的君主要进来了！’呵，您不害羞的东西，您所要的便是一个‘孔’。告诉珍奴夫人说您要一个‘孔’。约翰·多马士，和珍奴夫人的‘孔’！……” + +“呵，不要椰榆它！”康妮一边说，一边跪在床上向他爬了过平均来，她的两管环抱着他的自晰的细腰。把他拉了近去，这样她的下坠而摇荡着的乳房，触着了那骚动挺直的“法乐士”的头，并且杂着了那滴润液，她紧紧地搂着那男子。 + +“躺下！”他说：“躺下去！让我来！” + +他现在急起来了。 + +当他们完毕了后，当他们十分静息下来的时候，妇人重新要去发现男子，去瞧瞧那，法乐士”的神秘。 + +“现在它是继小而柔软了，象一个生命的小蓓蕾似的！”她一边说，一边把那柔软的小朋茎握在手里。“可不是可爱么！这么自由不愿，这么奇异并且这么天真！宽进我进得这么深！你知道，你决不要去得罪它。它也是我的！它不单是你的！它是我的！这么可爱，这么天真！”她温柔地把那阴茎握在手里。 + +他笑着。 + +“祝福那结台我们的心于同一之爱的连结。”他说。 + +“当然啦！”她说。“甚至当它柔软而继小的时候，我都觉得我的心全部在联系着它，并且你这儿的多么好看！多么，多么异样！ + +“那是约翰·多马士的毛，不是我的毛！”他说。 + +“约翰·多士马！约翰·多马士！”她迅疾地吻着那预柔软的，但是开始颤动起来的阴茎。 + +“是的！”男子一边说，一边好象痛苦地在伸展着他的身子，“它的根蒂是生在我的灵魂里的，那好家伙！有时我不知把它怎么样好。它是个固执的东西，不容易得它的欢心的，可是我却不愿失掉它。” + +“无怪乎男子们总是惧怕它了！”她说：“它是够可怕的。” + +男子觉得全身起着一种战栗，同时，意识之波涛又换了方向，朝向下面去了。他觉得软弱无力，同时他的阴茎，慢慢地温柔地、一波一波地膨胀，上升，举起，坚硬起来，奇异地在那儿高耸着，挺直而傲慢。妇人一边瞻望着，一边也觉得战栗起来。 + +“好！拿去罢！它是您的。”男子说。 + +她战栗着，她的心溶解了。当他进去时，不可名状的快乐之波涛，激烈地、温柔地荡漾着她，一种奇异的、惊心动魄的感觉开始开展着，开展着，直到最后、极度的、盲目的汜流中，她被淹没而去了。 + +他听见了远远的史德门在发着七点钟的号笛声，那是礼拜一的早晨，他有点害怕起来，他把脸孔埋在他的两只乳房间。让她软软的两只乳房掩着他的耳朵，好使他听不见。 + +她却没有听见，她沉静地躺着，她的灵魂象洗过般了的晶洁。 + +“您得起来了，不是么？他喃喃地说。 + +“几点钟了？”她无情打彩的声音问道。 + +“七点钟的号笛响过了。” + +“是的，我想我得起来了。” + +她和平常一样，对于这种迫人的外界，不禁激怒起来。 + +他坐了起来，失神地向窗外望着。 + +“你真的爱我，是不是？”她安静地问道。 + +他望着她。有点烦燥地说： + +您知道我爱您。还要问什么呢？ + +“我要你留着我，不要让我走了。”她说。 + +他的眼睛笼罩着一种温热而柔媚的暗影，毫不能思索‘。 + +“什么时候？现在？” + +“现在把我留在你的心里，我愿不久便来和你永久同居。” + +他赤裸裸地坐在床上，低着头，不能思索什么。 + +“你不愿意那样么？”她问道。 + +“愿意的！”他说，然后他那幽暗的眼睛，带着另一种羞不多象睡寐似的意识的火焰，望着她。 + +现在什么都不要问我。”他说，“让我就这样吧，我喜欢您，我爱您，当您躺在那儿的时候，女子是个可有宾东西。如果人能深深地进她，如果她有个好‘孔’。我爱您，您的大腿，您的姿态，您的女性，我爱您的女性。我整个心整个窜丸都爱您。可是现在什么都不要问我。不要迫我说什么，以后您什么都可以问。现在让我就这样吧，让我就这样吧！” + +温柔地，他把手放在她的爱神的山上，放在那温软的褐色的毛丛上，他静静地、赤裸地坐在床上，他的人掸似的静定的脸孔，差不多象个佛像，在另一种意识的不可见的火焰中，呆本地坐着，他的手放在她的身上，等待着转机。 + +过了一会，他取了衬衣穿上，默默地、迅疾地穿好了外面的衣服，向赤裸裸地横陈在床上，釉烂得象个第戎的光荣”的她望了一眼，走了，她听见他走下楼去把门打开了。 + +她躺在那儿冥想着，冥想着。唉！真是不容易走开！从他的怀里走开！他在楼梯下面喊道：“七点半了！”她叹息着走下床来。呵！空洞洞的小房子！除了小衣杠和小床外。空无他物。可是楼板是擦得光亮的。近看穿边的角落里，有个小书架，下面有些书是从巡回图书馆借来的。好了一看，有的关于苏俄的，有的是游记，一本是记原于与电子的，一本是研究地层及地震原因的，此外是几部小说，还有三本关于印度的书，这样看来，他是个嗜好读书的人呢！ + +太阳从穿上进来，晒着她的赤裸裸的四肢。他看见狗儿佛萝西在外面徘徊着，绿茸茸的蕨草下面，是些深绿色的水银菜。那是个清朗的早晨，鸟儿翩翩着，胜利地歌唱着。呵，要是她可以留在这儿！要是没有那另外的烟雾与铁的可怖的世界！要是他能替她创造个世界！ + +她向那壁立而狭小的楼梯下去。假如这所房于是在一个隔绝的世界中的话，有这所小房子她一定要觉得满足了。 + +他已经梳洗过了，炉火正在燃着。 + +“你想吃点什么东西么？”他说。 + +“不！借个梳子给我好了。” + +她跟他到厨房后间里去，在后门边的一块小镜子面到把头发梳好了。现在她准备要走了。 + +她站在有的小花园里，望着那些带的花，一圃灰灰的石竹花都已经含蕾了。 + +“我直愿此外的世界全都消灭了。”她说；“并且和你同住在这儿。” + +“那世界是不会消灭的。”他说。 + +他们穿过那可有宾带露的树林，差不多没有说话，可是他们是在一个他们所独有的世界中相储着。 + +回到勒格贝去，于她是苦痛的事呵。 + +“我但愿不久便来和你完全同居。”她在离开他的时候说。 + +他只是微笑着没有回答。她安然地回到家里，回到她楼上的寝室里去，并没有人看见她。 + + + + + +第十五章 + + +早餐的时候，一封希尔达的信放在托盘上。 + +“爸爸这个礼拜要到伦敦去，我将于六月十七日礼拜四那天到你那里。你得准备好，我们随即出发，我不想在勒格贝多留，那是个可怕的地方。我大概要在勒霍的高尔门家里过夜；所以我礼拜四便可到你那边午餐。我们在午后茶点的时候便启程，晚上或在格兰森宿一宵，和克利福过一个晚上是没有好处的。因为假如他不喜欢你走，那于他是没有趣的事。” + +好！她又在棋盘上给人摆布着了。 + +克利福是大大不喜欢她走的，原因只是因为她走了，他便要觉得不“安全”。她在的时候，不知怎么的，他便觉得安全，便觉得可以自由自由地做他的事，他常到煤炕里去，勾心斗角地去求解决那些差不多不能解决的问题，如怎样用最经济的方法去采煤，然后出卖。他知道他应该找个方法去用自己的煤，或者把煤炼成其他的东西，这样他才不必拿出去卖，更不必为没有销路发愁，但是，假如他把煤变成了电力，他自己又用得着么，或卖得了么？至于把煤化成油，此刻还是件太花钱而且不容易的事，要维持工业的生命，便需要创造新的工业，那象是一种狂病。是的，那是一种狂病，非得一个狂人是成功不了的。 + +晤，他不是有点儿狂么？康妮这么想。她觉得他对于故务的热切和锐敏也是疯狂的表现；甚至他的感奋本身也是疯狂的感奋。 + +他对她说着他的伟大的计划，她只惊讶地听着，让他独自说去。一堆废话说完了后，他翻转头去听无线电放音机，失神似的一句话不说。无疑地，他的计划象梦一般的隐退了。 + +现在，每天晚上，他和波太太无实在丘八们所玩的“潘东”脾，并且是赌六便士的。在这方面他也是一样，他一边赌着，一边还迷失在一种无意识的境界里，或一种失神的沉醉里或沉醉的失神里，反正一样，康妮看了真觉难受。可是她回到楼上就寝以后，他和波太太有时还要赌到早上二三点，安然地，怪沉溺地赌。波太太溺命不亚于克利福；她越沉溺，她使差不多输得越多。 + +她有一天对康妮说：“那晚我输了二十三个先令给克利福男爵。” + +“他受了你的钱么？康妮惊愕地问道。 + +“为什么，当然啊，夫人！那是荣誉债呢；” + +康妮严历地遣责他们两个。结果是克利福把波太太的年薪加了一百镑；她赌的钱也有了。同时，康妮觉得克利福日见死气沉沉了。 + +她最后告诉他，她十七号便要走了。 + +“十七号！”他说，“什么时候回来？” + +“最迟是七月二十号左右。” + +他怪异地、失神地望着她，飘忽得象一个孩子似的，但又奸诡得象一个老人一样。 + +“你现在不会把我丢弃了吧，是不是？”他说。 + +“怎么？” + +“当你走了以后，我的意思是说，你一定会回来吧？” + +“比什么都一定，我将要回来的。” + +“是的！好！七月二十！” + +他很怪异地望着她。可是他实在是愿意她走的，那是奇怪的。他的确愿意她走，愿意她有点小浪漫史，也许她怀了个胎回来呢。而同时，她这一去，却又使他害怕…… + +她战栗着，她等待着完全脱离他的时间，等待着她自己、他自己的成熟。 + +她坐着，与守猎人谈起她的外出。 + +“那么当我回来的时候，我可以告诉克利福我要离开他。你和我便可以出走。他们决不必知道是和你走的，我们可以到外国去，是不是？到非洲去或澳洲去。你想怎样？” + +她这个计划使他很兴奋。 + +“你从来没有到过殖民地去则不是？”他问道。 + +“没有！你呢？” + +“我到过印度，南非和埃及。” + +“为什么不让我们到南非去呢？” + +“是的，为什么不？”他慢慢地说。 + +“也让你不想到那儿去罢？”她问道。 + +“那于我是无所谓的，怎样我都无所谓的。” + +“那不便你快乐么？为什么不呢？我们不会穷的。我一年约莫有六百镑的入息，我已经写信去问过了，这数目并不多，但是也够了，是不是？” + +“于我这是很富裕了。” + +“啊，那时就快乐了！” + +“可是我应该离了婚，而你也应该离了婚才行，否则我们便要有麻烦了。”’要考虑的事情有多着呢。 + +另一天，她问些关于他自己的事情。那时他们是在小屋里。外面正在雷雨交加。 + +“从前你是一位中尉，一位军官，而又是一位贵绅的那个时候，你是不是快乐的？” + +“快乐？是的。我喜欢我的那位上校。” + +“你爱他不？” + +“是的，我爱他。” + +“他呢，他爱你不？” + +“是的！从某方面讲，他是爱我的。” + +“说点他的事情我听罢。” + +“有什么好说？他是行伍出身的。他爱军队生活。他没有结过婚。他比我大二十岁。他是个很聪明的人，在军队里很少与人往来，这种人便是这样的，他是个热情的人，并且是个很聪明的军官。我和他在一起的时候，我是在他的迷惑之下生活的。我让他指挥着我的生活，这点我是永久不会懊悔的。” + +“他死了以后。你觉得很痛苦吧？” + +“我自己都差不多死去了，但是当然恢复了原状时，我明白了我的一部分是死去了，但是我一向就知道那终是要一死了结的。其实，什么东西不终是一死了结！” + +她沉思着。外面雷声轰响。他们好象是在一只烘芒时代的巨舟内。’ + +“你的过去好象有无限的事。”她说。 + +“是么？我觉得我已经死过一两次了，可是结果我还在这儿偷生着，而且准备接受种种烦恼。” + +“你的上校死了以后，你觉得你的军官和贵绅的生活是幸福的么？” + +“不！我的同僚们都是一些蠢才。”他突然笑了起来，“上校常常说：孩子哟，英国的中等级的人每口东西都得咀嚼三十回，因为，他们的食道太狭，只要一粒小豆子便要把他们窒塞。他们都是一些女性的可怜虫，虚荣而骄傲，甚至鞋带松了也要大惊小怪的。他们腐烂的象猫兽的肉，而且常常是自以为对的。我之所以不上进也便为此，这些磕头，磕头，舐屁股舐到舌硬了的东西，常常是自以为对的。他们尤其是些装模作样假道学，假道学！全是些只有半个睾丸的女性的假道学。每个——” + +康妮笑了起来，外面的雨在倾盆地下着。 + +“他恨他们！” + +“不！”他说，“他是不屑去根他们的，他只是讨厌他们罢了，那是有个分别的。因为，据他说，连丘八们现在都变成一样假道学，一样半塞丸，一样食道狭小的人了。这种情形是人类的命运。” + +“晋通的群众，工人们，也一样么？”。 + +“一模一样，他们的血气都死了。他们所剩下的一点，都给汽车、电影院和飞机吮吸了，相信我：一代人比一代人更不象样了，食道是橡胶管做的，脸和两腿是马口铁做的，这是马口铁做的群众！一种牢固的波尔雪维克主义正在消灭着有人性的东西，而崇拜着机械的东西。金钱，金钱，金钱！所有现代的人只有个主意，使是把人类古老的人性的感情消灭掉，把从前的恶当和大显身夏娃切成肉装酱。他们都是！样，世界随处都是一栗：把人性的真实性杀了，每条阴茎一金镑，每对睾丸两金镑！什么是‘孔’，还不是性交的工具！随处都是一样。给他们钱，叫他们去把世界的阳具割了。绘他们钱，钱，钱，叫他们人类的血气消灭掉，只剩下一些站立不稳的小机械。” + +他从城那小屋里，脸上笼罩着讥讽的神气，虽然是这样，他还留亲戚一只耳朵听着外面林中的暴风雨声，那暴风雨声使他觉得非常孤寂起来。 + +“但是，那一切不会有个了结么？”她说。 + +“是的，当然，世界将会自己解救出来，当最后的一个真正的人被消灭了以后，当所有的人都被驯服了，自种人、黑种人、黄种人，各色人种都成了驯服的畜生，那么一切都会痴愚起来。因为健全的心地是植根于荤丸之内的。他们都将痴愚起来，并且将举行伟大的火焚刑。你知道‘火焚刑’便是一种‘宗教仪式’么？好，他们将举行他们伟大的宗教仪式；他们将互相成为献祭品。” + +“你的意思是说他们将互相残杀么？” + +“是的，亲有宾！要是我们照现在这样生活下去，那么在百年以内，这岛上的人民将不到一万也许不是十个，他们将斯文一互相销毁。”隆隆的雷声渐渐地远了。 + +“那时多可爱！”她说。 + +“可爱极了！莫想着人类之消灭和消灭后其他的物类未产生以前的空洞，那是最足以静人心气的事情。要是我们这样继续下去，要是所有的人，知识分子，艺术家，统治者，工业家，工人，都继续着癫狂地消灭他们最后的有人性的感情，最后的一点直觉最后的的健全的本能；要是这样代数式的一步一步地继续下去，那么，人类便要休了！再见，爱人；蛇把自己蚕咽了而剩下一个空，乱纷纷的，但是并不是无望。可爱极了！一些凶悍的野狗将在勒格贝屋里面狂吠，一些凶悍的野马将在达娃斯哈的煤坑边践踏！tedeunlaudamns！” + +康妮笑了起来，但不是很快乐的笑。 + +“他们既都是波尔雪维克主义者，那么你应该高兴了吧？你定觉得高兴地看着他们急忙忙地向着末日走去吧！” + +“的确！我不阻止他们，因为我虽想阻止他们也做不到。” + +“那么，为什么你这样悲伤呢？” + +“我并不悲伤！要是我的雄鸡作最后一次的啼喔，我也无所谓。” + +“但是假如你有个孩子呢？”她说。 + +他低着头。 + +“怎么，”他终于说：“我觉得在这种世界中让一个孩子出世，是件廖误而悲伤的事。 + +“不！不要这样说！不要这样说！”她恳求道，“我相信我要有个孩子了。告诉我你将快活吧。”她的手放在他的手上。 + +“你既觉得快活，我是快活的。”他说，“不地我却以为那是怪对不住那孩子的事。” + +“啊！不！”她愤激地说，“那足见你不真正要我！如果这有这种感觉，你不能真正要我的。” + +他重新静默起来，脸孔沉郁着，外边只剩下雨打的声音了。 + +“我不太承认这话，”他低声地说，“我不太承认这话。我有我的苦衷。”她觉得他此刻所以悲伤的缘故，一部分是因为她要到威尼斯去了。这是使她高兴的。 + +她把他的衣服拉开了，露出了他的小腹，她在他的肚脐上吻了一吻。然后她把脸颊依在他的小腹上，两臂环抱着他温暖而静艄的腰。他们在这洪荒世界中孤寂着。 + +“告诉我你实在想有一个孩子，你期待着！”她喃喃地说，她的脸孔在他的小腹上压着。“告诉我你想吧！” + +“嗨！”他最后含糊地说。她感觉得到那奇异的意识的转变与松懈，颤战着穿透他的身体。“我有时想，’假如有人能在这儿的矿工们中间试一试！他们现在没有什么工作，而且人息又不多，假如有人能够对他们说：想想旁的事情去吧，不要光想钱了。假如只是为了需要。我们所需要的并不多。让我们不要为金钱而生话吧。……” + +她的脸颊温柔地磨着他的小腹，并且把他的睾丸托在手里。柔柔地，那阴茎在颤动着，但没有坚挺起来，雨在外面急打着。 + +“让我们为旁的东西而生活。我们的唯一目的不要为找钱，无论为自己或为他人找钱。现在，我们是迫不得已：我们不得不替自己找一点点我一，而替主人找一大堆。让我们制止这种情境罢！一步一步地让我们制止着罢。我们不必狂暴。一步一步地，让我们把整个工业生活丢弃而到后面去。我金钱，只要一点点便行了。其实，无论谁，你与我，工头主子们，甚至国王，只要一点点金钱便行了。只要有决心，你便可以从这纷乱中跳了出来。”他停了一会，然后继续道： + +“我将对他们说：瞧罢！瞧瞧老周！他一举一动多可爱！又生动又灵敏。他多美丽！再瞧瞧老张！他又笨又丑，那是因为他从不愿激励起来，现在瞧瞧你们自己罢！一肩高一肩低的，两腿弯曲，两脚弯曲，两腿走了样。你们做了什么来，你们的劳作使你们变成怎么了？你们把自己弄坏了。不必做那么多的工呢。把衣服脱了瞧瞧你们自己吧。你们本应当有生气而美丽的，而你们却是丑陋而死半死。我将这样告诉他们。而且我要使人们穿上另一件小而短的白衫。啊，假如男子们有了红色的漂亮的两腿，单这个使足以使他们在一个月内改变了。他们将重新变成真正的人，真正的人！女人们呢，她们要怎样穿便怎样穿。因为男了们一旦用那鲜红的两腿走起路来，短小的白衫后面，露着那可人的鲜红的屁股的时候，那时女人们便也要变成真正的女人了。那有因为男子不成男子，所以女人才不成女人。……然后，把达娃斯哈消灭了，而建筑几座美丽的建筑，以收容我们大家。再来把国爱各处收拾个干净。可是不要多生孩子，因为世界已经人口过剩了。 + +“但是我却不向人们说教；我只把他们的衣服剥去了，说：瞧瞧你们自己罢！这便是为金钱而工作的结果！瞧瞧！这便是为金钱而工作的结果！你们一向是为了金钱而工作时建立“起来的，瞧瞧你会的女人！她们不在乎你们。你们也不在乎她们。那是因为你们的时间只用在工作上和金钱的打算上。你们不能说话，不能活动，不能生活，你们不能和一个女人好好地在一起，你不能生活着，瞧瞧你自己罢！” + +跟着是一阵死寂。康妮半听着，一边把她到小屋里来时在路上所采的几朵毋忘我，结在他小腹下的毛丛里，外面已变成静温而有点寒冷了。 + +“你有四样的毛，”她对他说。“你胸膛上的差不是黑色，你的头发是浅色，但是你的髭须是粗而深红，而你这儿的毛，爱情的毛，却象是一丛光耀的金红的芋刺，这是最好看的毛。” + +他俯头望着，看见几朵乳白色的戎忘我在他胜利下的毛丛里。 + +“暖！这阴毛里正是个放勿忘我的好地方。但是，难道你不关心未来么？” + +“啊，我实在关心得很呢！”她望着他说。 + +“因为当我觉得人类的卑鄙龌龊到了无可救药的时候，我便觉得殖民地并不怎么远。甚至月亮也并不怎么远。因为在那儿，你回转头来便看得见杂在繁星之中的世界，又肮脏，又残忍，又乏味；被人类弄成卑鄙秽了。那时我觉得吞了一块胆，一肚子苦结着，只要有可以逃避的地方，无论哪里都不会怎么远。但是当我找到了个工作做着的时候，我却忘记了这一切，虽然，最近百年来，一部分人对于群众的行为是可耻的：人变成工作的昆虫了，他们所有的勇气，他们所有的真正生活，都被剥夺了，我定要把地球上的机器扫个干净，绝’对地了结了工业的时代，好象了结了一个黑暗的错误一样，但是我既不能，并且也没有人能，我只好静静地过我的生活一假如我有生活可过的话，这倒是使我有时怀疑的。” + +外面的雷声已停止了。但是雨却又倾盆地下起来，天上闪着最后的电光，还有一二声远远的沉墨，康妮觉得不太高兴地滔滔地说了这一大雄话而事实上只是对他自已说的，并不是对她说的。他仿佛给失望完全占据着了，面她呢，却觉得快铄，而憎恨失望。她知道他之所以重陷在这种心境里，是因为她要离开他了。是因为他心里刚刚体味了那种离情。她觉得几分得意起来。 + +她把门打开了，望着外面的滂沱大雨，象一张钢幕似的。蓦然地她生了一个欲望，欲望着向这雨里飞奔，飞奔而去。她站了起来，急忙忙地脱掉了她的袜子，然后脱掉她的衣裳和内衣；他屏息望着她。她的尖尖的两只乳房，随着她一举一动而颤摆着。在那苍茫的光线里，她是象牙色的，她穿上了她的橡胶鞋，发了一声野性的痴笑，跑了出去，向着大雨挺着两乳，展着两臂朦胧地在雨里跳着她多年前在代斯德所学的谐和的舞蹈。那是个奇异的灰影，高着，低着，弯曲着，雨向她淋着，在她饱满的臀上发着亮，她重新起舞着，小腹向前在雨中前进，重又弯身下去，因此只见她的臀和腰向他呈献着，好象向他呈献着一种臣服之礼，一种野性的礼拜。 + +他痴笑着，把他自己的衣服也脱了。那是令人难忍的！他裸着白析的身体，有点田战着，向那急雨里奔了出去。佛萝西狂吠着飞跃在他的前头。康妮，湿透了的头发粘在她的头上，她回转了温热热的脸，看见了他。她的蓝色的眼睛，兴奋地闪着光，她奇异地开步向前狂奔，跑进林中的小径上，湿树枝儿绊打着她。她奔窜着，他只看得见一个圆而湿的头，一个湿的背脊，在逃遁中向前倾着，圆满的臀部闪着光，一个惊遁的妇人的美妙的裸体。 + +她差不多要到那条大马路上去了，然后他才赶到了，赤裸裸的两臂抱着她，抱着她温软的、赤裸裸的腰身。她叫了一声，伸直着身体，把她整个柔软而寒冷的肉体，投在他的怀里。他癫狂地紧楼着，这柔软而寒冷的女性的肉，在交触里，瞬即变成火一般的暖热了。在雨倾盆地琳着他们，直至他们的肉体冒着蒸气。他把她可爱的沉重的两乳握在两手里，并且狂乱地紧压在他自己身上，在雨中战栗着，静默着，然后，突然地把她抱了起了，和她倒在那小径上，在雨声怒号的静谧中，迅速地，猛烈地，他占有了她，迅速地、猛烈地完毕，好象一只野兽似的。 + +他立即站丁起来，揩着眼上的雨水。 + +“回去。”他说：于是他们向着小屋奔去。他迅疾地一直走着：他不喜欢给雨打着。可是他却走得慢，采着毋忘我、野蝴蝶花和圆叶风铃草。走了几步，然后又停下来望着他走远丁 + +当她带着花，喘着气回到小屋里去时，她看见炉火已经燃上了，柴校在避拍地响着。她的尖尖的乳房，一高一低地荡动着，她的湿头发紧粘在她的头上，面孔鲜红，通身光亮。她圆睁的眼睛，喘着气，湿了的小小的头儿，饱满而天真的滴着水的臀部，她看起来象是另一个人似的。 + +他取了张旧床布，从上至下擦着她，她象个孩子似的站着不动。然后，他把屋门关上了，再擦着他自己。炉火里火焰高冒着。她把床布一端包着她的头在擦着她的湿发。 + +“我们共用一条毛巾揩擦：这是吵嘴的预兆！”他说。 + +她向他望了一会，她的头发是乱莲蓬的。 + +“不！”她说，圆睁着眼睛，“这并不是一条毛巾，这是一张床布呢。” + +他们俩继续着忙碌地擦着头，刚才的那番运动，使他们还在喘息不休。他们各披了一张军，露着前身向着火，在火焰前一块大木头上并排地坐着静愁。康妮嫌恶那毡子披在皮肤上的感觉：不过床布又已经全湿了。 + +她把毡子摆脱了，跪在炉火面前，伸着头在摇着，使头发干起来，他默望着她臀部的美丽的下垂曲线，他今天所心醉的就是那个。这曲线多么富丽地下垂到她沉重而圆满的两股上！ + +在这两股间，深隐一神秘的温热中，便是那神秘的进口！ + +他用手在她的背后爱抚着，缓缓地，微妙地，爱抚她臀部的曲线和饱满。 + +“您这后面多美丽，”他用那带喉音的、爱怜的土话的：“那是人间最美丽的臀儿！那是最美丽的女人的臀儿！那上面一分一毫都是女人，纯粹的女人！您并不是那种臀儿钮扣似的女儿，她们该是些男孩子。可不是！您有一个真正的、柔软的、下倾的后臀，那是男子们所爱而使他们动心的东西，那是个可以负担世界的臀儿。” + +他一边说，一边轻柔地爱抚着那圆满的后部，直至他觉得仿佛一种蔓延的火热，从那儿传到了他的手上，他的指尖触着了她身上的那两个秘密的孔儿，他用一种火似的拂掠的动作，摸了这个又摸那个。 + +“假如你撤点尿或拉点尿，我是高兴的。我不要一个不能拉屎的女人。” + +康妮忍不住骤然地、惊愕地狂笑起来。但是他却不理她，继续着说： + +“您是真实的！啊！是！您是真实的，甚至有点儿淫野。这儿是您撤尿的地方，这儿是您拉屎的地方；我一只手儿盖着两处，我爱您这一切您有着一个的真正臀儿，怪骄傲的。它的确是可以骄傲面无愧的。” + +他的手紧紧地压在她那两个秘密的地方，好象表示一种亲切的问候。 + +“我爱它！”他说：“我爱它！假如我只有十分钟的命，可以去爱抚您这个臀儿，去认识它，我定要承认我活了一世了！您不明白？管什么工业制度！这是我生命中的一个伟大的日子。” + +她回转身去，爬在他的膝上，紧依着他。 + +“亲吻我罢！她细声说； + +她明白了他俩的心里都带着离情别意，最后她觉得悲伤起来了。一 + +她坐在他的大腿上，她的头依着他的胸膛。她象牙似的光耀的两腿，懒慵慵地分开着；炉里的火光参差地照着他们。仓他俯着头，在那火光里，望着她的肉体的折纹，望着她开着的两腿阐那褐色的阴毛。他伸手在后面桌上把刚才她采来。的花拿了，这花还是湿的，几滴雨水滴在她的身上。 + +“这些花儿，刮风下雨都在外头，”他说：“它们都是没有家的。” + +“甚至没有一间小屋！”她哺哺地说。 + +他用幽静的手指，批把几朵毋忘我花结在她那爱神山上的美丽的褐毛毛丛里。 + +“那儿！”，他说，“那儿使是毋忘我应该在的地方！” + +她俯视着那些乳白色的小怪花儿，杂在她下身的褐色的阴毛丛里。 + +“多么好看地！”她说。 + +“好看得同生命一样。”她答道。 + +他在那毛丛里添了一朵粉红色的野蝴蝶花的花蕾。 + +“那儿！那代表我，站在您这毋忘我的地方！那是荒苇丛中的摩西。” + +“我要离开你了，你不反对罢，是不是？”她不安地问道，仰望着他的脸。 + +在那沉重的两眉下面，他的脸是失神的，不可思仪的。 + +“你有你的自由。”他说。 + +他说起正确的英语来了。 + +“但是假如你不愿意我走的话，我便不走好了。”她紧依着他说。 + +两人静默了。他俯着身在火上添了一块柴。火焰光耀着他静默而沉思的脸孔。她等着，但是他不说什么。 + +“不地这，我觉得那便是和克利福断绝的第一步。罗真想有个孩子。那给我一个机会去，去……”她正要说下去。 + +“去使我们相信一些谎话。”他说。 + +“是的，那也是事情的一种。难道你要他们知道真话么？” + +“他们相信什么我是不关心的。” + +“我却不然！我不愿创作他们用冰冷的心肠来对待我；至少是当我还在勒格贝的时候，当我决绝地走开了的时候，他们爱怎么想便可以怎么想了。” + +他静默着。 + +“但是克利福男爵希望你一定要回来的么？” + +“啊，我得回来的。”她说，两人又静默起来。 + +“孩子呢，在勒格贝生么？”他问道。 + +她的手臂紧揽着他的颈项。 + +“假如你不愿带我走的话，便不得不了。”她说。 + +“带你到哪儿去呢？” + +”哪儿都好！只要远远地远远地离开勒格贝。” + +“什么时候？” + +“怎么、当我回来的时候呀。” + +“但是你走了何必又回来呢？何必一件事分两次做呢？”他说。 + +啊，我得回来的。我已经答应过了！我已经忠诚地答应过了。不过，其实我是为了你而回来的。” + +“为了你的丈夫的守猎人而回来？” + +“那又有什么关系呢？”她说。 + +“真的？”他沉思了一会，“那么你想什么时候决然再走呢？确定一个日子。” + +“啊，我不知道，当我从威尼期回来以后，我们再准备一切。” + +“怎样准备！” + +“啊，我将一切都告诉克利福。我不得不告诉他。” + +“真的！” + +他静默的。她的两臂紧紧地环抱着他的颈项。 + +“不要把事情弄得使我为难吧！”她恳求道。 + +“把什么事情弄得使你为难？” + +“我得动身到威尼斯去和以后应该安排的事情。” + +他的脸上露着一种半苦笑的微笑。 + +“我不会把事情弄得使你为难的。”他说，“我只想知道你究竟抱的什么目的。可是你自己实际上也不知道。你只想延迟一下。走到远处去把事情端详一下。我并不责备炼，我相信这是聪明的手段。你尽可以依旧做勒贝的主妇。我并不责备你的，我没有勒格贝来呈献给你。事实上，你知道我有什么东西好给你的。不，不，我相信你是对的！我实在相信你是对的！并且我是毫不想靠你生活，受你给养的。这也是得考虑的一件事。” + +她不知道怎样，觉得他是报复似的。 + +“但是你要我，是不是？”她问道。 + +“你呢？你要不要我？” + +“你知道那是不用说的。” + +“好！你什么时候要我？” + +“你知道等我回来以后，我们便可以计划那一切的。现在我什么也说不上。我得镇静一下，清理一下。” + +“好！镇静你的清理你的去吧！，！ + +她有时恼怒起来。 + +“但是你信任我吧，是不是？”她说。 + +“啊，绝对地！” + +她听见他的声音里含着讥讽。 + +“请你告诉我吧，”她没精打彩地说，“你以为我不去威尼斯好些么？” + +“我断定你还是去威屁斯好，”他答道。他的声音是冷静的，有点讥讽的。 + +“你知道我下礼拜四便要支了么？”她说。 + +“是的！” + +她现在沉思起来了，最后她说： + +“当我回来的时候，我们将更明白我们的情境是不是？” + +“啊，一定的！” + +他们间隔着一种奇异的静默的深渊！ + +“我已经为了我离婚的事情去见过律师了。”他有点勉强地说。 + +她微微战栗了一下。 + +“是么！”她说，“他怎么说？” + +“他说我早就该行事，现在也许要有困难了。可是因为我从军去了，所以他想是可以办得通的。只是不要案子一办她便跑回来就好了！” + +“她一定要知道么？” + +“是的！她将接到一张传票。和她同居的男子也是一样，他是共同被告。” + +“多么可憎，这种手续！我想我和克利福也得打这条路经过的。” + +他们沉默了一会。 + +“当然啊，”他说，“我得在半年或八个月间过着一种模范生活。这一来，要是你到威尼斯去了，至少在两三个星期以内，我可以少掉一个引诱。” + +“我是个引诱么？”她爱抚着他的脸说，“我真高兴我竟是个引诱你的！让我们不要想它了吧！你一思索起来的时候，你便使我生怕；你便把我压扁了似的。让我们不要想它了吧！当我的俩分离了的时候，我们想它的时间多着呢。这是最要紧的！我曾想过：在我动身以前，我无论如何得再和你共宿一宵。我得再到村舍里去一次。我礼拜四晚上来好么？” + +“但是那天你的姊姊不是要来么？” + +“是的！但是她说我们将在午后茶的时候动身。这样我们可以在那个时候动身，但是晚上她可以在旁的什么地方过夜，我呢，我到你家里来。” + +“但是那么’来，她得知道了？” + +“啊！我打算一切都告诉她。其实我已经多少告诉她了。她于我是很有用的，她是个老于世故的人呢。” + +他考虎着她的计划。 + +“那么，你们将于午后茶的时候离开勒格贝，好象你到伦敦去似的，你们的路线怎样？” + +“经过诺汀汉和吉兰森。” + +“你的妹妹将把你在路上什么地方放了，然后你再走路或坐弃回来么？我觉得这未免太冒险了。” + +“是么？好，以希尔达可以驶我回来。她可以在曼斯非德过夜，晚上把我带回来，早上再来找我。这是很容易的事。” + +“但是给人瞧见了呢？” + +“我会戴上避坐眼睛和面纱的。” + +他沉思了一会。 + +“好。”他说，“随你喜欢吧，和通常一样。” + +“可是，你不觉得高兴么？”。 + +“啊”是的！高兴得很。”他有点冷酷地说，“打铁要趁热的时候打。” + +“你知道我心里想什么吗？”她忽然说，“那是我突然想起的，你是烫人的‘铁杵骑士’！” + +“是的！你泥？你是红热的‘春臼夫人’？” + +“是的。”她说，“是的！你是铁柞爵幸，我是春臼夫人。” + +“好，那么我竟被封起爵来了！约翰·多马士变成珍奴夫人的约翰爵士了。” + +“是的！约翰·多马士封了爵了！我是褐色阴毛爵士夫人。你也得挂上了几朵花才是呢！” + +她在他金红色的阴毛丛中，结了两朵粉红色的蝴蝶花。 + +“啊！”她说，“美呀！美呀！约翰爵士！” + +她又在他胸前暗色的毛里嵌了一朵毋忘我。 + +“你这儿不会忘掉我罢！”她吻着他的胸膛，把两朵毋忘我，在每只乳上粘了一朵，她再吻了吻她。 + +“把我当个日历罢！”他说着，笑了起来，胸前的花也坠了下来。 + +“等一会！”他说。 + +他站了起来把小屋的门打开了。门廓里卧着的佛萝苯站了起来望着他。 + +“认得吗？这是我呢！”他说。 + +雨停了。外边笼罩着—种潮湿的、芬芳的静寂。天色已近黄昏了。 + +他向着林中小径走了下去。康妮望着他的白析而清瘦的形影。仿佛一个鬼影，一个幽灵似的，一步一步地向着远处飘涉当她看不见他的时候，她的心沉重起来。她站在那小屋的门里，被着一张毡子，默对着那湿润的固定的沉默。 + +但是不久他便回来了，蹒跚地跑着，两只手里拿着一些花。她有点害怕他，仿佛他不太是一个人似的。当他中近的时候，他望着她的眼睛，但她不懂他这种视线的意思。’他带回来的是些楼斗菜花，野蝴蝶花，野袜草，橡树枝叶和一些含未放的耐冬花。他把橡树的柔软继校环系着她的两只乳房，再添了些圆叶风铃草和野蝴蝶花在上面；在她的肚脐上放了一朵粉红色的野蝴蝶花；夜她的阴毛丛里，是一些毋忘我和香车叶草。 + +“现在你是富丽堂皇了！”他说，珍奴夫人与约翰·多马士台欢之日的嫁装。” + +他又在他自己身上的毛里嵌了些花朵，在阴茎的同围绕了一枝爬地藤，再把一朵玉簪花粘附在肚脐上，她守望着他，这种奇异的热心，使他觉得有趣，她拿了一朵蝴蝶花插在他的髭须上，花在他的鼻下桂着。 + +“这是迎娶珍奴夫人约翰·多马士，”他说，“我们得和康妮与梅乐士分手了。也许……” + +他正伸手做着一种姿势，却打了个喷嚏。 + +“也许什么？”她说，等着他继续说下去。 + +他有点茫然地望着眼也。 + +“没有什么？”他说。 + +“也许什么？继续说下去呀。” + +他忘记了。他这种有头无尾的话，是她觉得最令人丧气的事。 + +千阵黄色的阳光在树林上照耀着。 + +“太阳！”他说，“是你应该走的时候了。啊，时光！时光！我的夫人呀，什么是无翼而飞的东西？时光！时光！” + +他拿了衬衣。 + +“向约翰·多马士道晚安吧。”他说着，俯望着他的阴茎。“他在爬地藤的臂环里是安全的！此刻他并不是怎样烫人的铁挎呢。” + +他把法兰绒的衬打举到头上穿着。当他的头冒了出来的时候，他说： + +“一个男了最危险的一刹那，使是当他的头放进衬衣里的时候，那时候他的头是在一个袋子里。所以我喜欢那些美国衬衣，穿的时候和穿普通的褂子一样。”她老是望着他。他把短裤穿上了，扣好了。 + +“瞧瞧珍奴！”他说，“在这些花卉中！明年将是谁替你结花，珍奴？是我呢还是他人？‘再见罢我的圆叶风铃草，福星拱照！’我恨这歌儿；这使我想起大战初起的那些日子。”他坐下去穿着袜子。她依旧木立着。他把手放在她的臀部下面。“美丽的小珍奴夫人！”他说，“也许你将在威尼斯找到了一个男子，在你的阴毛里放茉莉，在你的肚脐上放石榴花吧！可怜的小珍奴夫人！” + +“别说这种话！”她说，“你只是说来伤我的心罢了。” + +他把头低头。然后他用土话说： + +“是的，也许，也许！好！以我不说了，我停嘴了。但是您得穿上衣服，回您的堂皇大厦去了。时间过了！约翰和小珍奴的时间过了！穿上您的内衣罢，碴太莱男爵夫人！您这样子站着，没有内衣，只有几朵花儿遮掩着，您是谁都可以的。好，好，让我来为您解衣罢，您有尾巴的小画眉哟！” + +他把她头发上的叶子除去了，吻着她的湿发；他把她乳房上的花除去了，吻着她的乳房；他吻着她的肚脐，吻着她的阴毛，却让他所结的花留在那里。 + +“得让这些花留在那儿，假如它们愿意。”他说，“好了！您重新赤裸起来了，您只是个赤裸裸的女儿，带着几分珍奴气！现在，穿上内衣罢，您得走了，否则查太莱爵夫人要赶不上她的晚餐了！‘您上哪儿去来，我的美丽的女儿？’” + +当他这样满口说着土话的时候，她是从来不知道怎样回答的。于是她处了衣裳，准备着回去，有点耻震地回勒格贝去。至少她是这样感觉着：有点耻辱地回去。 + +他要陪她跑到马路上去。她的幻雉已经关好了，可以放心了。 + +当他和她走到马路上的时候，恰恰碰见了波太大，脸孔苍白慌慌张张地向他们走来。 + +“啊！夫人！我们奇怪着是不是发生了什么事情呢。” + +“不！没有什么事情。” + +波太太望着守猎的，爱情使他满面春光，她遇着了他的半含笑半嘲讽的视线。他有如意的事情的时候，总是这样笑着的。但他和蔼地望着她。 + +“晚安，小驮太！现在我可以不陪男爵夫人了。晚安夫人！晚安波太太！” + +他行了个礼，转身就走。 + + + + + +第十六章 + + +康妮到家后，忍受了一番盘洁。午茶时候出去了的克利福，到暴风雨开始时才回去，夫人哪儿去了？谁也不知道。只有主太想出她是到林中散步去了。在这暴风雨里到林中去！……这一次，克利福却神经兴奋地狂乱起来了。电光闪一下，他惊跳一下，雷声轰一下，他失神一下。他望着冰冷的大雷雨。仿佛世界的末日到了，他愈来愈狂躁起来。 + +波太太试着去安慰他。 + +“她会躲避在林中的小屋里的。放心罢。夫人不会有什么的。” + +“在这种雷雨里，我不喜欢她待在林中！我压根儿不喜欢她到林中去！现在她已经出去两个多小时了，好是什么时候出去的？” + +“你回家以前不久出去的。” + +“我没有看见她在花园里。上帝知道她在哪儿和发生了什么事！” + +“啊，不会发生什么事的。你看罢。等雨一停了她马上就会回来的。只是雨把她阻住罢了。” + +但是雨已停了，夫人却没有马上回来，时间过着，夕阳出来发着最后的黄光了，依旧没有夫人的影子，夕阳沉下去了，昏色渐渐地深了，晚餐的第一次也敲了。 + +“再等也没有用了！”克利福在狂躁中说，“我要打发非尔德或白蒂斯找她去。” + +“啊，不要这样！”波太太喊道，“他们将瞎想发生了自杀或什么大事。网，不要让人讲闲话……让我到小屋那边去看看她在万：在。我找得着她。” + +这样劝了一会，克利福准她去了。 + +这样，康妮在马路上碰见了，脸色苍白，迟疑地不敢前进。 + +“不要怪我来找你，夫人！克利福男爵狂躁得那神样儿！他以为你一定是给雷打死了，或给一株树倒下来压死了。他决意要订发非尔德和白蒂斯来林中找尸首呢，这一宋，我想还是我来好，别惊动了所有的仆人。 + +她不安地说着，她看得见康妮的脸上还带着热情的光润和梦影，并且她觉得她是对她发怒的。 + +“很对！”康妮说，她再也找不着什么话说了。 + +两个妇人在那湿世界里缓缓地前进。两个人都不t兑话。一些大水滴唤亮地在林中滴着。当他们到了大花园里时，康妮在前边越是着。波太大有点喘不过气来，她日见肥胖了。 + +“克利福这种大惊小怪，真是愚蠢！”康妮最后恼怒地说，其实她只是对自己说着。 + +“唉！你知道男子们是怎样的！他们是喜欢狂躁。但是一见了夫人就会好的。” + +康妮很恼怒波太大知道了她的秘密：因为她无疑是知道的。 + +突然地，康妮在小径上站着了。 + +“真是岂有此理，人们竟敢来追的踪！”她说，睛眼发着光。 + +“啊！夫人哟，别这么说！巍” + +他惊愕地望着她。 + +“肉体的生命。”他说，不过是禽兽的生命。” + +“甚至这样也好过煞有介事的死尸的生命。不过你的话是不对的！人类的肉体现在不过才开始生活。在古代希腊民族里，肉体生命曾焕发过，不久便给柏拉图和亚里斯多德毁灭了，从坟墓中地站在那儿，低着头，毕竟呢，她也是个妇人，她是个同盟者。 + +“啊，好罢！”她说，“既然如此—，我也就没有什么了！” + +“但是夫人，你放心罢！你只是在小屋里避雨，那是毫无所谓的。” + +她他到了家里。康妮直进克利福的房里去，她对他，对他的苍白紧张的脸孔和突出的两眼，狂怒起来。 + +“我得告诉你，我想你无需叫仆人来跟踪我的！”她劈头便说。 + +“我的上帝！”他也暴怒起来，“你这女人上那儿去来？你离去了整整几个钟头，而且在这样的暴风雨里！你到那瘟树林里去弄什么鬼？直到理在你干吗来？雨已停了几个钟头了！几个钟头了！你知道是什么时候了不？你真够使任何人发疯！你上那儿去了？你干吗去了？” + +“我要是不愿告诉你又怎么样呢？她拔去了她的帽子，摇着她的头发。 + +他望着她，他的睛眼突着，白睛膜上起着黄色，这种暴怒一他的害处是很大的：结果是波太太在以后的几天里，没有好过的时间，康妮突然地内疚起来。 + +“的确！”她说，温和些了，“谁都会奇怪我究竟到哪儿去了！暴风雨到来的时候，我只是坐在小屋里罢了，而且生了一点火，怪快活的。” + +她现在安闲地说话了。毕竟，为什么要上添油使他难过呢！我狐疑地望着她。 + +“瞧瞧你的头发！”他说，“瞧瞧你自己！” + +“是的。”她泰然地答道，“我脱光了衣服在雨中奔了一阵。” + +他惊愕地望着她。 + +“你一定是发疯了！”他说。 + +“为什么？喜欢雨水浴有什么好发疯了地方？” + +“你用什么擦干你自己的？ + +“用一条旧毛巾和火烘干的。” + +他老是目瞪口呆地望着她。 + +“假如有人来了？” + +“谁会来？” + +“谁？无论谁啊！梅乐士呢？他没有来吗？餐上他是一定到那儿去的。” + +“是的，他在雨停了后才来，他是来喂短雉鸡。” + +她说话时的从容的态度，是令人惊愕的。在隔房听着的波太太，叹服得五体投地。想想吧，一个妇人竟能这样自然地图旋应变！” + +“假如他在你赤裸棵地、疯妇似地在雨中奔窜着的时候来到了？” + +“那么我想他定要吓得魂不附体，逃之唯恐不速呢。” + +克利福屹然不动地老是望着她。他的下意识里究竟在想什么，他是决不知道的。他太惶无措了，因而他的上意识里也不能构成什么明确的思想，他不能自己的佩服她。她的样子是这么红润，这么美丽，这么光泽：爱的光泽。 + +“总之，”他说，渐渐平静下来，“假如你没有受惊，得了个大伤风，便算你的幸运了。” + +“啊，我没有受惊！”她答道。她心里正在想着那个男子的话：“您有的是最美丽的妇人的臀儿！”她希望，她真上希望她能告诉克利福，在那雷雨交加的时候，有人曾对她这么说过。然而！她却摆了个被件逆了的王后的样儿，到楼上换衣服去了。 + +那天晚上，克利福想向她讨好起来，他正读着一本最新出的关于科学的宗教的书：他身体里有着一种无诚意的宗教的血脉。他是自私地关心着他的自我的将来的。那象他和康妮间的文学上的谈话一样。因为他们之间的谈话差不多是化学制作出来的。他们差不多在头脑里用化学方法调制他们的谈话。 + +“喂，你觉得这个怎样？”他说着，把书拿了过来，“假如我们的宇宙里再进化多少时代，你便用不着走到雨中去冷却你的热烈的肉体了。啊，你听罢！——宇宙预示着我们两种光景：一方面，它是物质地耗损着；另一方面，它是精神地上升着。” + +康妮等着下文。但是克利福并不读下去。她惊异地望着他。 + +“假如它是精神地上升着，”她说，“那么下面剩下什么东西呢，下面那个从前的尾巴所在的地方？” + +“嗳！”他说，“得留心著者的意思。我想他所谓，‘上升’但是‘耗损’的相反。” + +“那么可以说，精神出了毛病，出壳了！” + +“唔，正经点，别说笑，你觉得怎样？” + +她重新望着他。 + +“物质地耗损？”她说，“我看你却日见肥胖起来，而我也不见得耗损着我自己。你相信太阳比从前小了些么？我却不。我想亚当献给夏娃的苹果，不见得会比我们的橙子核大，你以为怎样？” + +“好罢，听听下文罢：‘宇宙便这样慢馒地过去，电得非我们所能思议，而到了一种新的创造的情境，在这种情境里，我们今日所见的物质世界，将变成一种飘渺的波纹，这种波纹与虚无是无甚分别的。” + +她觉得怪可笑地徨着，她心里涌着种种不便说出的话；但是她仅仅说： + +“多么愚笨的骗人的鬼话！仿佛他可怜的小小的知觉能知道在那么悠久缓慢的时间里会有什么发生似的！那只是说，他自己是个物质的失败者，所以他想使全宇宙也为一个物质的失败者罢了！胡说乱道的假道学！” + +啊，且徨罢！别中断了这伟大的庄重之词：‘目前世界的这种情境，系从一个不能想象的过去中生出来的，并且将在一个不能想象的将来中消灭。剩下的是抽象的无穷尽的王国，自新不息、变化万端的创造力，和主宰大干的聪明上帝。’那，那便是结论！” + +康妮轻蔑地听着。 + +“他是精神出了毛病，出完了。”她说，“多么荒唐！什么‘不可想象。’什么‘世界的消灭’，什么‘万变的创造力’，甚至上帝也凑在一块！这真是白痴说的话！” + +“我承认他说得有点模糊，有点象烟幕，”克利福说，”可是，说到宇宙是在物质地耗损，精神地上升，我倒相信是存几分真理的。” + +“是么！那么让它上升吧，只要它让我在这下界物质地安全而坚实。” + +“你喜欢你的体格么？”他问道。 + +“我爱我的体格呢！”同时她的心涌起了这句话：“这是世上最美丽的，最美丽的妇人臀儿！” + +“但是你这话使我有点惊异。因为格格无疑地是个多余累赘的东西。在我想来，女子在精神生活上是不能享受最高乐趣自勺。” + +“最高乐趣？”她望着他说，“难道那种白痴的想法便是精神生活的最高乐趣么！谢谢你罢！我不要这种最高乐趣！我只要肉体，我相信肉体的生命比精神的生命更真实一只要这肉体的确有生命。但是世间许多的人，都和你的著名的风力机器一样，他们的精神仅仅依附在他们的尸首上！” + +他惊愕地望着她。 + +“肉体的生命。”他说，不过是禽兽的生命。” + +“甚至这样也好过煞有介事的死尸的生命。不过你的话是不对的！人类的肉体现在不过才开始生活。在古代希腊民族里，肉体生命曾焕发过，不久便给柏拉图和亚里斯多德毁灭了，从坟墓中复活起来了。这人类肉体的生命，将是这美丽的宇宙间的美丽的、美丽的生命！” + +“亲爱的，你说得仿佛你正引领着这肉体生命到世界上来了！不错，你要旅行去了，但是请你不要高兴得这样没有分寸，相信你吧，如有个上帝在，管他是什么上帝，他会把人类肉体里的肠胃淘汰了。而使人类变成一个更高尚、更神圣的东西的。” + +“为什么我要相信你，克利福？我倒觉得假如有个什么上帝在，他将在我的肠胃里醒觉转来，并且在那里曙光似地幸福的荡漾着。为什么要相信你的话？我所相信的恰恰与你相反！” + +“呀！真的？什么使你变得这么异样？是不是因为赤裸裸地在雨中奔了一阵，学了一回古代的烂醉的酒神的女祭司？或者是因为某种感官的欲望？或者是因为要到威尼斯去了？” + +“者是原因；为了旅行觉得满腔兴头，难道是可惊怪的么？”她说。 + +“表现得这么露骨，就未免可怪了。” + +“那么我隐藏着就是了。” + +“啊，用不着！你兴奋得差不多从事多也兴奋起来了。我差不多觉得是我自己要旅行去了。” + +“那么，为什么你不和我一起去呢。” + +“理由我们已经说过。不过，我想你的原因，是因为你可以暂时告别这一切了。此刻再也没有比‘告别这一切’更令你兴奋的事了。……但是，凡是出行便必有避返，而且凡是避返便是一种新的关系。” + +“我并不想有什么新的关系。” + +“不要大言，上帝听着呢。”他说。 + +“不！我并不大言；”她爽脆地说。 + +但是她对于出行一把旧的关系截断一的兴奋并不减少。这是她无可如何的事。 + +不能人官的克利福，整夜里和波太太打牌赌钱，直至她磕睡得欲想死了。 + +希尔达要来的日子来到了，康妮和梅乐士已经商议好了、假如他们的爱情之夜，没有什么阻碍的话，她便在她的窗上接一条绿色围巾：否则，便挂一条红色巾。 + +波太太帮着康妮打棼行李。 + +“换换空气，对于夫人是很有益处的。” + +是的，我也这样想，克利福男爵的事，都得你一个人料理一些时日了，你不介意吧？” + +“啊，不！他的事我都可以处理。我是说，他所需要我做的事，我都做得了，你觉和比以前好了些吗？” + +“啊，好得多了，你替他做了些惊人的事呢！” + +唉，哪里啊！不过男子们都是一样的；他们只是一些婴孩你得诌媚他们，拿甜言去诱骗他们，让他们相信他们是事事随心所欲的，你觉得对不对？夫人。” + +“这种事情我恐怕没有太多经验呢。” + +康妮停止了收拾东西。 + +“甚至你的丈夫，你也得象婴孩似的去诌媚他，用甜言诱骗他么？”她一边说，一边望着波太太。 + +波太太也停了下来。 + +“说到他”。她说，“是的，我也得好好地去奉承他的。但是他常常知道我所永的是什么，这是我不得不说的。不过他普通总是让步的。” + +“他从来不摆老爷先生的架子么？” + +“不！不过，有时当我看见了神色不同的时候，我便知道非让步不可了，但是普通总是他让步的。不，他从不摆老爷先生的架子，而我也不，我知道可以跟他强硬到哪一步，使得退让；虽然这种退让有时是很吃亏的。” + +“假如你强硬下去会怎么样呢？” + +“啊，我可不知道，我从来就没有强硬下去过，甚至他错了，假如他固执，我也退让。你知道，我决不愿使我们间的东西被破坏，假如你固执着对付一个男子，那便完了。假如你爱上了一个男子，当他真是决了意的时候，你便得退让；管你有理没有理。都得退让，否则什么东西便要破坏了。但是，我不得不说，德底有时看见我决了意的时候，甚至我没有理，他也退让的，我想这是双方一样的。” + +“你对付你所有的病人也这样么？”康妮问道。 + +“啊，那是不同的。我对他们不是这样的。我知道什么是对于他们有益的，或者我努力去知道，然后我设法为他们的好处帮去。那和自己真正所爱的人是不相同的，大不相同的，假如你真正地爱过丁一个人，你使差不多能对任何人表示亲爱，甚至他不太需要你，但那是不同的，你不是真正爱他的，一个人真正地爱过了一回，如果还能真正地再爱一回，那是可疑的。” + +这话把康妮吓着丁。 + +“你以为一个人只能爱一次么？”她问道。 + +“爱一次，或永远不爱，大多数的女子是从来不爱，从来不开始爱的，她们不知爱是什么东西。男子也不例外。我呢，当我看见了一个女子在恋爱的时候，我对他是满腔同情的。” + +“你觉得男子是易动怒的么？” + +“是的，假如你伤了他们的虚荣心。但是女子还不是一样？不过男子的虚荣心和女子的有点不同罢了。” + +康妮把这些话思量着，她对于她到威尼斯去的事，又开始有点疑惧起来，实在说来，她不是故意要躲避她的爱人么？一虽然是短时间，他是知道的，所以他的神气是那么怪异和讥。 + +虽然！人生常是受环境的机械所支配的，康妮便是这机械的栖牲者。她不能在五分钟内摆脱出来，她甚至边摆脱的心也没有了。 + +星期四的早晨，希尔达按照预定的时间来到，驶着她的两座轻便汽车，她的衣箱用皮带牢牢地缚在后边，和平家一样，她的样子是端庄的，处女的；但是也和平至少一样，她有着一种倔强的气概，她有一种魔鬼似的倔强的自我意志，这是她的丈夫发觉的。但是现在，这位丈夫正在要求和始离婚了。她呢，她虽然没有情人，但她却给了他许多方便，好去提他的要求。目下。她和男子们疏远了。她倒觉得很满意自己做了自己的主人，和她的两个孩子的主人，她打算把这两个孩子“好好地”教养成人，不管这个词的意义怎样解释。 + +在小汽车上，康妮也只准带一口衣箱。但是她已经把一日大箱子寄绘她的父亲，由火车带去了。她的父亲刚由苏格兰到伦。他认为到威尼斯何必坐汽车去？在七月天，在意大利用汽车旅行是太热了，所以他还是舒舒服服地乘火车去。 + +这样，希尔达俨然大元帅似的，严肃地把旅丢失重要事件计划好了。她和康妮在楼上的房子里闸谈着。 + +“但是，希尔达，”康妮说，心里有点惊惧着她要说下去的话．“今晚我要在这我和附近过夜；不是这儿；是这儿附近。” + +希尔达的灰色的、不可思议的跟随，注视着她的妹妹。她的样子似乎非常镇静，但是她却常常盛怒起来。 + +“传播对方，这儿购近？”她柔和地问道。 + +“希尔达，你知道我爱上了一个人吧，是不是？” + +“是的，我是知道有了什么事情的。” + +“那么，他住在这儿附近。我要和他共度过最后的一夜，我得去！我已经答应了。” + +康妮固执起来了。 + +希尔达静默地低着她的象密涅瓦一样的头，然后望着她。 + +“你愿意告诉我他是谁么？她说。 + +“他是我们的守猎人，”康妮支吾着说，她的脸孔鲜红起来，好象有个做了坏事的孩子一样。 + +“康妮！”希尔达说，厌恶地道挺着她的鼻子一这是她母亲传下的姿势。 + +“我明白，但是他的确是可爱的人，他的的确是了解温情的人。”康妮企图为她的爱人辩护。 + +希尔达，象脸色鲜艳的雅典娜似的低头沉思着。产际上她正在暴怒着．但是她不敢露了出来，因为酷肖父亲的康妮，努势将立刻放肆争抗起来。 + +无疑地，希尔达不喜欢克利福和他以大人物自居的冷静的神气，她觉得他无耻地利用着康妮。她曾希望她的妹妹会离开他。但是，她是属于苏格兰的坚固的中等阶级的人，她深恶任何贬抑自己身分。或贬抑家声的事情。 + +“你将要懊悔的！”她说。” + +“不！我决不懊悔！”康妮红着脸喊道，“他是个罕有的例外，我的确爱他，他是个美妙的情人！ + +希尔达依旧沉思着。 + +“你转瞬使我要厌倦他的。”她说，“然后你一生便要惭愧你的这种行为。”“不，决不！我希望我不久便要有个他的孩子呢。” + +“怎么！康妮！”希尔达说，严厉务象一声铁锤气愤得脸色苍白起来。 + +“假如你我可以的话，便将有个孩子，假如我有个他的孩子，我将发狂似的骄傲。” + +希尔达明白和她争论是无用的，她沉思着。 + +“克利福没有猜什么吗？”她问道。 + +“啊，不！猜疑什么呢？” + +“我深信你一定给了他不少猜疑的机会。”希年达说。 + +“不，一点都没有。” + +“我觉得今晚的勾当是纯粹的癫狂，那个人住在哪儿？” + +“在树林那一端的村舍里。” + +“他没有结婚么？” + +“结了！但是他的女人离弃了他。” + +“什么年纪？” + +“我可不知道，比我大些。” + +康妮的每句回答，都使希尔达越发愤怒起来，愤怒得和她母亲在生之日一样，愤怒到无可复加的境地，但是她还是隐忍着。 + +“假如我是你，我决不干今晚的勾当。”她安静地劝道。 + +“我不能！今晚我定要在他那儿过夜，否则我便不能去威尼斯，我决不能。” + +希尔达从康妮的这话里，听出她父亲的声音，她只得让步，但这不过是外交手腕，她同意了和康妮到曼斯非德晚餐，天黑后把她带回到村舍去的山路尽头，早上再到那里去找她。她自己将在曼斯非德过夜，那不过是半点钟的汽车路程，假如汽车开得快的话，但是她对她的妹妹的破坏她的计划，是非常愤怒的，她在心里隐忍着。 + +康妮在她的窗槛上挂上了一条鲜绿的围巾。 + +在对于康妮的愤怒里，希尔达不觉对克利福宽大起来，他毕竟是个有智慧的人。说他没有性能，这更好；可以少了一件争吵的理由！希尔达再也不想要肉体的爱了，这东西把男子都变成自私可恶的小鬼子。康妮的生活，实在比多数的女人的生活都安适，不过她不她的神气罢了。 + +而克利福也断定希尔达毕竟是个无疑的聪明女子，假如一个男子想在政治上活动的话，这种女子是再好不过的助手和伴侣。是的，她不象康妮那么孩子气，那么不可依靠。 + +在大厅里，大家提早用了午后的茶点，大厅门开着，让太射了进来。大家都仿佛有点气喘。 + +“再见，康妮，女孩子！平安地回来！” + +“再见，克利福！是的，我不久便会回来的！”康妮差不多温柔起来了。 + +“再见，希尔达！请你用只眼睛看护她。” + +“我将用只眼睛呢。”希尔达说，“她决不会怎样迷途的。” + +“这就是保证！” + +“再见，波太太！我知道你会好好地侍候克利福男爵的。” + +“我将尽我的能力，夫人。” + +“有付’么消息的时候，给我写信，并且告诉我克利福男爵的种种情形，” + +“是的，夫人，我不会忘记，祝你快活，并且早日回来我们的闷！” + +大家挥着手巾，车开行了，康妮回转头来，看见克利福在台阶上坐在轮椅里，毕竟是他的丈夫，勒格贝是她近有，这是环境所决定的。 + +铁伯斯太太把大门打开着，祝了声夫人一路平安，汽车悄悄地出了小树丛幽黑遍布着的大花园，上了大道，那儿矿工们正曳着沉重的步伐归家。希尔达朝着克罗斯山的路驶去，这并不是条大路，但也是到曼斯非德的路，康妮戴上了避尘镜。她们沿着铁道驶去，这铁道在她们下边这一条壕道里。然后她们在壕道上的桥上横过。 + +“这儿便是到村舍去的小路！”康妮说。 + +希尔达愤愤地望了望那条小路。 + +“我们不能一直往前去，真是万分可惜！”她说，“否则我们九点钟使可到帕尔摩了。” + +“我真替你抱赚。”戴着眼睛的康妮说。 + +她们不久便到了曼斯非德。从前这儿是绝妙的一个城市。现在却是个令人气丧的矿工城市了。希尔达在一本旅行指南书中介绍的旅店前停下了，开了一间房子，这一番事于她是毫无意思的，她差不多气愤到了不能说话。但是康妮却忍不住要告诉她一关于那男子的事情。 + +“他！他！他叫什么名字？你尽是说：他！希尔达说。” + +“我从来就没有用名字叫过他，他也没有用名字叫过我。想起来也是奇怪的。我们有时只是用珍奴夫人，和约翰·多马士的名字，但是他的名字是奥利佛·梅乐士。” + +“你觉得做奥利佛·梅乐士太太比做查太莱男爵夫人怎么佯？” + +“可爱得多了！” + +康妮是令人失望的了！虽然，那男子已经在军队里当过了四五年军官，他定然有多少相当的仪表。他似乎是个有身份的，希尔达有点温和起来了。 + +“但是你不久便要厌倦他的。”她说，“那时你便要因和他发生了关系而感到羞耻呢。我们是不能和工人阶级相混的。” + +“但是你自己却是个热心的社会主义者！你常常是站在工人阶级方面的。” + +“在政治的危机中，我可以站在他们的方面；但是正因为我站在他们的方面，我知道在生活上和他们相混是多么不可能的事，这并不是势利，实在是因为我们和他们的节奏全不能相谐。” + +希尔达曾经在道地的政治界和知识分子中生活过，所以她的话是令人无可答辩的。 + +在旅馆里，慢慢地度过了嗳昧的黄昏，最后来了个嗳昧的晚餐。晚餐后，康妮捡了些东西放在一个小绸袋里，再梳了一次头发。 + +“希尔达，”她说，“毕竟爱情是美的，那使你觉得你是生活着，你是在造化的中心。”她仿佛在自夸。 + +“我想每个景子都有这同样的感觉。”希尔达说。 + +“是么？以我要替它高兴呢！” + +黄昏是奇妙地睛朗，甚至在这个城市里，黄昏也留恋不去，今夜一定是个半透明的夜。希尔达气愤着的脸孔，象是个假面具似的冷酷她把汽车开行了，姊妹俩向原处回去，但走的是经过波梭接的另一条路。 + +康妮戴着她的避尘眼镜和掩饰面孔的帽子，静默地坐着，希尔达的反对，使她更决绝地站在她的爱人的方面，纵令海拓石烂她也要依附他。 + +当她们经过克罗斯山时，她们的车灯亮着，在壕道里驶过的光亮的小火车，使人觉和是在夜间了。希尔教研室打算在桥的尽头处转入小路里去。她把速度有点突然地放慢了下来，汽车离开了大路，车灯明亮地照着那蔓草丛生的小咱，康妮往外望着，看见了一个暗影，她把车门打开了。 + +“我们来了！”她低声地说。 + +但是希尔达已经把灯光熄了，正专心地把车子退后，想转过头来。 + +“桥上没有东西吗？”她简略地问道。 + +“没有，你退罢。”男子的声音说。 + +她把车子退到桥上，转了方向，在大路上前进了几步，然后再退人小路里，在一株榆树下面，压倒着草丛和藏躲藏康妮步下车来。男子在树下站着。 + +“你等了珍久了么？”康妮问道。 + +“不很久。”他答道。 + +他们俩等丰希尔达下来，但是希尔达却把车门关上了，坐着不动。 + +“那是我的姊姊希尔达，你愿意来和她说说话么？希尔达！这是梅乐士先生。” + +守猎人脱了脱他的帽子，便是没有走上前去。 + +“希尔达，请你和我们到村舍里去罢。”康妮恳求道：“离这儿不远了。”“但是汽车呢？” + +“放在小路去，不要紧的，你有钥匙。” + +希尔达不说什么，她犹豫着，然后她望着后面的小路。 + +“我可以绕过这树丛退了进去么？”她说。 + +“啊，可以的！”守猎人说。 + +她慢慢地退着，绕过了树丛后面把汽车锁好了，走下来，已经是夜里了。但是夜色是明亮的，荒凉的小咱两旁，起着高高的野生的篱笆，样子是很黑的，空气中散布着一种新鲜的香留。守猎人在前，康妮跟在他后面，最后是希尔达，大家都静默着，在难走的地方，他把电筒照着，然后又继续。一支猫头鹰在橡树上轻轻地叫着，大家都不能说话；没有什么好说的话。 + +最后，康妮看见丁屋里的黄色灯光，她的心剧跳起来，她有点害怕起来，他们继续着色贯前进。 + +他把锁着的门打开了，领他们进到好温暖的、但是空洞的小屋于里。炉火低低地红热地燃着。桌子上摆好了两份子和玻璃杯，这一次，桌布是洁白。希尔达摇了摇她的头发，济览着那空洞而忧郁的屋子。然后她鼓着勇气望着那男子。 + +他的身材是中等，纤瘦的，她觉得他样子还好看，他默默地守着一种冷淡的态度，仿佛他决不愿开口似的。 + +坐下罢，希尔达。”康妮说。 + +“请！”他说，“我给你们什么好呢，茶呢还是旁的东西？或者一杯啤酒！啤酒是够冷的。” + +“啤酒吧！”康妮说。 + +“是的，请你也给我啤酒吧！”希尔达用一种做作的羞怯态度说，他冷眼望着她。 + +他拿了一个蓝色壶子到厨房间里，带着啤酒回来时，他脸上的表情又变了。 + +康妮坐在门边，希尔达背着墙坐在他常坐的椅子上，正对着窗角。 + +“那是他的子。”康妮说，希尔达站了起来，仿佛那子烧了她似的。 + +“别起来，别起来！随便坐，我们这儿并没有谁是熊。”他很泰然地用土话说道。 + +他给希尔达一只玻璃杯，替她先斟了啤酒。 + +“香酒我这儿是没有的。”他说，“但是也许你们自己有罢，我自己是不舞烟的，您要吃什么东西么？”他回转头去对康妮说，“您要吃点什么东西么？您普通是不推辞的。”他怪自若地说他的土话，仿佛是个乡间旅舍的主人。” + +“有什么好吃的？”康妮脸红着问道。 + +“煮熟的火腿和干酷核桃，随你们喜欢。并没有什么好东西。” + +“好的！”康妮说，“你吃一点么；希尔达？” + +希尔达举目望着他。 + +“为什么你说约克郡的土话？”她温和地说。 + +“那不是约克郡话，那是德比话，”他望着她，模棱地冷笑着说。 + +“德比话，好罢！为什么你说德比话？你开始的时候不是说大家所；兑的英语么？” + +“是么！但是假如我高兴的话；难道我不能换换么？唔，唔，让我说德比话，如果我觉得合适。我想您不反对罢！” + +“那仿佛有点矫揉做作了。”希不达说。 + +“嗳，也许！但是达娃斯哈，倒是您才象矮做作呢。”他用一种怪疏远的态度，偏着脸打量着她，仿佛说：“你，你是谁呵？” + +他到伙食间里去取食物。 + +姊妹俩沉默着坐着。他带了另一份碟子和刀刃回来，然后他说： + +“假如你们不介意，我要象平常一样把外衣除了。” + +他把他的外衣脱了挂在衣钩上，穿着一件薄薄的，淡黄色的法兰绒衬衣，在桌边坐下。 + +“随意罢！”他说，“随意罢！别等人来请！” + +他把面包切了，静坐着，希迎达象康妮前些时一样，感到了他的静默和冷淡的力量。她看见的不大的、锐敏的手，不经意地放在桌上。无疑地他不是个不简单的工作！不！他是做作的！做作的！ + +“不过，”她一边拿了一小零部件干酷一边说，“假如你对我们说普通的英语，一定比说土话来得自然些。” + +但望着她，感觉到她的魔般的坚强的意志。 + +“是么？”他用普通的英语说，是么？不过我与您之间有什么很自然的话可说？除非您告诉我，您愿我坠人地狱，好让您的妹妹不再见我；于是我回答些一样难堪的话，此外还有什么是自然的？” + +“啊，有的！”希尔达说，“讲点礼貌便是很自然的。” + +“那便是第二天性，可以这么说罢！”他说着笑了起来。“不，我是厌恶礼貌了，别管我罢！，” + +希尔达分明地无话可说了。赚得满腔的愤怒，哼，他应该知道人家休面了他，而他却摆着重要角色的威风神气，仿佛以为是他给了人家体面似的，多么鲁薷！可怜的康妮，迷失在这么一个人的爪掌里！ + +三个人静默地吃着，希尔达留心看着他在餐桌上的仪态怎样，她不得不承认他是本能地比她自己优雅高尚得多的。她有着某种苏样兰人的笨重态度，而他呢，他有着英国人所有的缄默的、自制的安泰一无聊可剩的安泰，他是不易屈服于人的。 + +但是她也是决不力他所报导服的。她说： + +“你真以为这件事值得冒险吗？”她有点温和下来了。 + +“什么事值得什么冒险？” + +“和我妹妹的这件事。” + +他脸上露着不快的苦笑，用土话说： + +“那你得去问她！” + +然后他望着康妮。 + +“那是您甘心情愿的，是不是，女孩和？我没有强迫您罢？” + +康妮望着希尔达。 + +“我希望你不要拔是非罢，希尔达。”她说。 + +“我决不想挑拔什么是非。但是总得有个人去想想是非。在生活中，不得不有点某种永久性。你不能一味胡闹的。” + +他们静默了一会。 + +“咳，永久性！”他说，“那是什么意思？您自己的生命里可有什么永久性？我相信您正在离婚罢，不知道这里头的永久性是什么？这不过是您自己的执锄性的永久性罢，我看很明白，那永久性于您有什么好处？您不久便要厌恶这永久性。一个执锄的女人和她的自我意志！咳，这两种东西合起来便成个好漂亮的永久性，的确！谢谢天，幸得您的事与我无涉！” + +“你有什么权利对我说这种话？”希尔达说。 + +“什么权利？你又有什么权利把您的永久性来厌烦他人？不要管他人的永久性罢。” + +“我的好汉哟，你以为你和我有什么关系么？”希迎达温和地说。 + +“是的！”他说，“有的，愿他罢，不愿也罢，你多少总是我的阿姨了。” + +“还差得远呢，我确实告诉你。” + +“并不如您想象的远，我确实告诉您。我有我自己的永久性，我的水久性决不输您的永久性！假如您的妹妹到我这儿来找点性爱和温情，她自己知道她打的是什么主意。她在我的床上睡过，这是非您的永久性所能有后，谢谢上帝！”他停下一会，然后继续说，“嗳，我不是个呆子，假如一块天鹅肉落在我嘴边我只好多谢天，有这么一个美人儿，一个男子不知能够享受多少的乐趣，不象您一类的女了那么难说，说起来也是可惜的，您本来是可以象一只好苹果的，而你却是个好看不好吃的野苹果，象你这样的女子是需要接种的。 + +他带了一种鉴赏家的有点肉感的怪笑望着她。 + +“而象你这样的男子。”她说，“是应该了起来，这是他们的极鄙与自私欲所应得的惩罚。” + +“是的，太太！世上还有我这种人已经是幸福了。至于您呢，没有人睬您，喧是您所活该的。” + +希尔达已经向边走去，他也站了起来，在衣钩上取了他的外衣。 + +“我一个人很可以找到我的路。”她说。 + +“我恐怕你不能呢。”他从容地答道。 + +在静默中，他们重重新在那可笑地鱼贯面蚝，那只猫头鹰还在叫着，他恨不得把它杀掉。 + +汽车还是好好地停在那儿，有点给露水沾湿了。希尔达上了车，把机器开动了，剩下的两个人在等待着。 + +“总之，我的意思是，她在汽车里面说，“我诚恐你们两个都要觉得悔不当初！” + +“一个人的佳肴是另一个人的毒物，他在黑暗里说，“但是在我，这既是佳肴又是美酒。” + +车灯亮了起来。 + +“康妮，早上别让我等。” + +“是的，我不会你等的。晚安！” + +汽车慢慢地出到了大路上，然后飞逝了，寂静的夜又笼罩了一切。 + +康妮羞怯地挽着他的手臂他们向着村舍归去，他一句话也不说，过了一会她使他站住了。 + +“吻一吻我吧！”她喃喃地说。 + +“不、等一会吧。等我的气消了。”他说。 + +这话使她觉得好笑起来，她依旧挽着他的手臂他们静默地，匆匆地回去，她现在和他在一起了。她是怪高兴的，当她想到希尔达差不多把他们拆散了时候，她寒战了一下，他在不可思议地静默的。 + +当他们回到村舍里去时，她觉得脱离了她的姊姊了。她高兴得差不多跳跃起来。 + +“但是你使希尔达太难为情了。”她对他说。 + +“她实在是该吃耳光的。” + +“为什么呢？她是怪好的人！” + +他并不回答，只是沉静地、安泰地忙着晚上的工作，他在外表上是愤怒的，可不是对她愤怒，康妮觉得出来。在愤怒中的他，有一种深刻、光泽的、特殊的美，使她心醉，使她的四脚酥软。 + +他老是不注意她。 + +最后，他坐下去解鞋带。然后他仰望着她，那眉端依旧蕴藏！着怒气。 + +“你要上楼去么？”他说，“那边有一枝蜡烛！” + +他迅疾地把多倾了一倾，指示着桌上点着的蜡烛。她驯服地把蜡烛拿在手里，当她上楼的时候，他注视着她的饱满的臀部的曲线。 + +那是个惊人的情欲之夜。在这夜里，她有点吃惊而且差不多觉得无可奈何起来，然而在那最恰人意的关头，一种比温情战栗更不同、更尖锐、更可怖的刺人的战栗，把她钻穿了。虽然是有点怕，她却毫不推却地让他瓷情任性，一种无因而不羞怯的肉感，摇撼着她，摇撼到她的骨髓，把她脱到一丝不挂，使她成了一个新的妇人。实在那并不是爱。那并不是淫欲。那是一种火似的烧人的尖锐的内感，把灵魂烧成火绒一样。 + +这种火似的肉感，在那最秘密的地方，把最古老而最深刻的羞耻心焚毁了。结果是使康妮地卖力让她的爱人您情任性的享受她。她是个无抵抗的、逢迎迁就的东西。好象一个奴录，一个肉体的奴录，情欲的毁灭的火，却舐着她的周身，当这欲焰紧束地经过她的心怀与脏腑的时候，她真是觉得她是互着了。可是好一个痛快而神奇的死哟！ + +她曾常常地奇怪过，亚培拉所谓他与海萝伊斯相爱之时，所有情欲的微妙花样都尝过了，是什么意思，原来同样的东西，在千年以前，甚至在万年以前就有过了，同样的东西在希腊的土瓶上，随处都有！情欲的种种微妙、肉感的种种放肆，那是必需，绝对地必需的。用纯粹的肉感的火，去把虚焦的羞耻心焚毁了，把人体的沉浊的杂质溶解了，使它成为纯洁。 + +在这一个短短的夏夜里，她不知懂得了多少的事情！在这夜以前，她差不多相信了一个妇人是会因羞耻而死的；然而现在，死的却是羞耻，羞耻不过是恐惧罢了，在我们的肉体的根蒂里深伏着那种官能的羞耻，那种古老的，古老的肉体的恐惧，只有肉感的火才能把它赶走。最后，它是给男子的“地乐士”的追击所惊醒而溃散，于是她便来到她的生命的莽原之中心了。 + +现在，她觉得已经来到了她的天性的真正的原如处所，并且觉得她原本就是无羞惧的了。她是她的原来的、有肉感的自我，赤裸裸的、毫无羞惧的自我。她觉得胜利，差不多光荣起来！原来如此！生命原来是如此的！一个人的本来面目原来是如此的！世上是没有需要掩茂怕东西，没有需要害羞的东西的！她和一个男子一另一个人，共享着她的终极的赤裸。 + +而且是个多么肆无忌惮的恶魔似的男了！真象个恶魔！一个不坚强的人是承受不了他的。但是要达到那肉体的莽原一中心，要达到那官能的羞惧心的最后最深的伏处，是不容易的。只有“法乐士”有这窥探的本领。啊！他把她压得多么紧！ + +啊！在惊怖中，她曾多么恨它，但是实际上，她多么需要它！现在她明白了，在她的灵魂的根基处，深深地，她是需要而且秘密地希望这“法乐士”的追击的，不过她相信她不会得到罢了。现在，突然地，它来到了，一个男子在共享着她最终最后的赤裸，她一点儿羞惧都没有了。 + +诗人和世人真是一些骗子！他们使你相信你需要感，其实你所最需要的是这尖锐的、消蚀的、有点可怖的肉感。找个无羞惧、无罪过、无心疚的大胆从事的男子！假如他事后觉得羞惧，而且令人觉得羞惧，那就令人寒心了！多么可惜，多数的男人都这么怯懦，害羞，如克利福！甚至如蔑克里斯！这两个／、在肉感上都是有点儿象狗，有点儿奴颜卑膝的。所谓“精神的无上快乐！”这对于一个女人有什么价值？而且事实上，对于一个男子又有什么价值！那不过把精神弄得一塌糊湖糊涂而卑鄙罢了，甚至想把精神纯洁化、灵敏化起来，也得要这唯一的肉感才能成功，唯一的火假的肉感，而不是混沌一团的幻想。 + +啊！上帝啊，一个真正的男子是多可珍贵的东西！男人们大都是些只知东跑西窜，只知东闻西嗅，只知苟且交尾的狗。找到了一个无畏宿、无羞惧的男子！多可珍贵！她望着他在酣睡着，好象一个睡着的野兽似的，深深地迷失在睡官中。她鸟儿似地栖依在他的身边，诚恐脱离了他。 + +他醒来的时候，她的睡意也全失了。他坐了起来，俯望着她，好从他的里，看出了她自己的赤裸，直接的她的自我。那男性对她的认识，好象流液似地从他的眼眼里传到了她身上，把她春怠融融地包了起来，啊，这半睡的、饱和着热烈情欲的、沉重的肢体，是多么撩人肉欲，多么可爱！ + +“是起身的时候了么？”她说。 + +“六点半了。” + +八点钟她便得到小咱的尽头去，老是，老是，老是这不容人的世事！ + +“我可以去弄早餐，弄好了带上这儿来，好吗？” + +“啊，好的！” + +佛萝茜在楼下轻轻的呜咽着。她起身把睡衣除了，用一条毛巾擦着他的身体，当一个人充满着勇气与生命的时候，是多么美丽！她一边静默地望着他，一边心里这么想着。 + +“把窗商拉开，好不好？” + +太阳已经在早晨的嫩绿的树叶上照耀着了。近边的树林，显得蔚蓝而新鲜的颜色。她坐在床上，梦一般地望着楼窗外面，她的赤裸裸的两臂把她赤裸的两只乳房挤得凑合拢来。他在穿着衣服。她在梦幻着生活，与他共同的生活：这才叫生活！ + +他正在走开，避开她的危险的媚人的赤裸。 + +“难道我把睡衣都失去了么？”她说。 + +他伸手在床下边摇出一条薄薄的绸衣。 + +“在夜里我就觉得脚踝上有着什么绸的东西。”他说。 + +但是那睡衣已经差不多裂成两片了。 + +“不要紧！”她说，“它是属于这间房子的；我把它留在这儿罢。” + +“是的，留在这儿罢，夜里我可以把它放在两腿间陪伴我。上面没有什么史字或标记么？” + +她穿上了那撕破的睡衣，梦一般地望着窗外。窗门开着，清晨的空气和乌声透专进来，乌儿不住地飞过，然后她看见佛萝茜徘徊着走出门外，这是早晨了。 + +她听见他在楼下生火，舞水，从后门出去，她渐渐地闻着了煎肉的气味。最后，他端了一个大得刚能通过门框的黑色大托盘，走上楼来，他把找盘放在床上，斟着茶，康妮穿着那撕破了的睡衣，蹲伏着狼吞虎咽起来。他从城那唯一椅子上，他的碟子放在膝上。 + +“多么好！”她说，“在一起吃早餐是多么美妙！” + +他静默地吃着，心里想着那在飞逝的时光，那使她想起来了。 + +“啊，我真希望我可以留在这儿和你一块，并且勒格贝在一百万里以外！但是事实上我正脱离着勒格贝呢，你知道吧，是不是？” + +“是的！”“你答应我们将住在一起，将在一起生活，你和我！你答应吧，是不是？” + +“是的，当我们能够的时候。” + +“是啊！这不会久了，不会久了，是不是？”她向他斜依着，握着他的手腕，她把茶杯里的茶倾溢了出来。 + +“是的！”他一边说，一边整理着溢在托盘的茶。 + +“此后，我们再也不能在一起生活了，是不是？”她恳求地说。他苦笑了一笑，仰望着她。 + +“不氏蝗！不过在二二分钟内你便得走了。” + +“只有二十五分钟了么？”她叫道。突然地，他举着手指，叫她不要出声，他站了起来，佛萝茜猛然吠了一声，跟着又高声地吠着几声，仿佛告警似的。 + +默默地，他把碟子放在托盘上，走下楼来，康妮听见他向园里的小径出去，一个脚踏车铃声在那外边响着。 + +“早安，梅乐士先生！一封挂号信！” + +“啊，喂！你有铅笔么？” + +“有的！，！ + +停顿了一会。 + +“加拿大！”那生人的声音说。 + +“是的！这是我从前一位朋友，他在在英属哥化比亚。不知道什么事用得着挂号信。” + +“也许他寄你一笔大钱呢。” + +“或者是来要点什么东西吧，这倒更象。” + +静了一会。 + +“喂！又是个睛朗的日子！” + +“是的！” + +“早安广 + +“早安！” + +过了一会，他回到楼上，脸上带点怒容。 + +“邮差。”他说。 + +“他来得好早啊！”她答道。 + +“这是乡间的邮递；他来的时候，多数总是七点左右来的。” + +“是不是你的朋友寄绘你一笔大钱？” + +“不，只是几张关于那边的一个产业的像片和文件罢了。” + +“你想到那边去么？” + +“我想或者我们是可以支的。” + +“啊，是的！我相信那是个可有可爱的地方！” + +但是，这邮差的来到，使他扫兴了。 + +“这些该死的脚踏车，不等到你留神它们便来到了。我希望他没有听见什么。” + +“毕竟他听见佬呢！” + +“现在你得起来，作好准备。我到外面看看就来。” + +她看见他带着他的狗儿和枪，到那小咱上巡察，她下楼去梳洗，等到他回来时，她已经准备好了，把几件零的东西也收拾在她的小绸裹里。 + +他把门上了锁，他们向着林中下去，却不走那条小咱。他小心着。 + +“你认为人一生中可以有几个好时期过着象昨夜那种生活么？”她对他说。 + +“是的！不过也得想想其余的时期呢。”他有点简短地答道。 + +他们在林中草径上缓缓地瞳着；他默默地瞳到前面。 + +“我们不久便将在一起共同生活，是不是？”她恳求道。 + +“是的！”他答一道，头也不回，只顾前进。“当时机到了的时候！但是此刻你正要到威尼斯或什么地方去。” + +她无言地跟着他，心里抑郁着。啊，多么难舍难离！ + +最后他站住了。 + +“我要打这边过去了。”他指着右边说。 + +但是她举着两臂环抱着他的颈项，紧紧地侵依着他。 + +“但是你对我的温情不会变吧，会不会？”她细声说，“我爱昨夜！但是你对我的温情不会变，会不会？” + +他吻了吻她，把她紧紧地拥抱了一会。然后他又叹息着，重新了吻了吻她。 + +“我得看汽车来了没有。” + +他踏过了那低低的荆刺和羊齿草丛，经过处留晒了一条痕迹。他去了几分钟，回来说： + +“汽车还没有来．但是大路上停着一部送面包的货车。” + +他显得焦虑不安的样子。 + +“听！” + +他们听见一部汽车轻轻地响着呈懈驶近了，这汽车在桥上慢了下来，她无限悲伤地踏进了荆刺丛中，沿着他留下的脚痕走去，到了一排庞大的冬青树篱笆面前，他正在她的后面。 + +“那边！打那边过去！”他指着一个空隙说，“我不过去了。” + +她失望地望着他，但是他吻了吻她，叫她出去，她满腔悲伤地爬过了冬青树丛和木栅，颠踬地走下小壕堑，颠踬地走上那小坡上去，希尔达不见康妮，正在那儿恼怒着走下车来。 + +“啊！你来了！”希尔达说，“他在哪儿呢？” + +“他不来了。” + +当康妮拿着她的小手囊上车去的时候，她的脸上流着眼泪，希尔达把风帽和眼镜交给她。 + +“戴上罢广她说。 + +康妮把掩饰的东西戴上了。然后再穿了一件乘汽车用的外套，变成了一个不能的不象人的东西了。希尔达匆匆地把汽车开动了。她们出了小路，向着大路驶去，康妮回转头去望了望，但是没有目的地见他的影迹。她走了！走了！她苦楚地流着眼泪，这离别来得这样骤然，这样意外！好象是死别似的； + +“谢谢天，你要离开这人一些时日了！”希尔达一边说；一边把车子转着方，免得打克罗斯山的山村落经过。 + + + + + +第十七章 + + +“你知道，希尔达。”午饭过后，当她们临近来的时候，康妮说：“你从来没有过什么是真正的温情，或什么是真正的肉感，假如你从一个同一人的人经验到这两种东西，那是大大不同的。” + +“老天哟，别厌张你的经验罢！”希尔达说，“我从来就没有碰过一个能够和女人亲密能委身于女人的男人，我所需要的便是这一种男人，我并不希罕他们的自私的温情和他们的肉感。我不愿做一个男人的小固固，也不愿做他的取乐的肉机器，我所要的是完备的亲密，而我却得不到。我觉得够了。” + +康妮思量着这话，完备的亲密！她猜想所谓亲密，便是两个人互相暴露自己。但那是烦恼的事情。在男女关系之中，而不能忘却自我，那是种疾病！ + +“我觉得你在他人之前，太想到你自己了。”她对她的姊姊说。 + +“我希望我至少没有奴隶的天性。”希尔达说。 + +“但是现在你恰恰有这天性呢！也许你是你的自我观念的奴隶。” + +希尔达开着汽车，静默了一会，康妮这小妮子！竟敢说这闻所未闻的鲁莽话！ + +“我总不是他人对我的观念的奴隶，尤其这个人并不是我的丈夫的仆佣。”她最后狂怒地报复道。 + +“啊，希尔达，人不明白。”康妮泰然说。 + +她一向总是让她的姊姊支配她的。现在呢，虽然她的心底里有不能言宣的苦痛，但是她却不让另一个女人来支配她了。啊！只这一端便足使觉得解脱了，觉得好象得到了另一个生命似的。从另一个女人的奇异的支配和魔力之下解脱而自由起来！这些女人们是多么可怕哟！ + +和父亲聚首是使她快乐的事，她一向是他的宠女。她和希尔达任在波尔摩尔区的一家小旅馆里，麦尔肯爵士住在他的惧乐部里，晚上地带女儿们出去，丽她们是喜欢和他出去。 + +虽然他有点害怕他周围的新兴世界，但是他还是个漂亮而强壮的人。他在苏格兰续娶了一位比他年轻而富有的。但是他一有离开她的可能时，他总喜欢在外边优游度日的：这正象他的前妻还在的时候一样。 + +在歌剧院里，康妮坐他的旁边，他有点他的大腿是肥满的，但依旧是结实而轻快的，这是一个享受过生之乐趣的人的本腿，他的愉快的性情，他的自私，他的固执的放纵无，他的无质侮的肉感，康妮觉得这一切都可以从他的轻快而坚直的两条大腿看出来。这是个真男子！不过他现在已成为一个老人了．这是令人不快的事！因为青春的精华所寄的锐感和温情的力量，是一旦有过便永不消失的，而在他的强壮肥厚的男性的两腿上，却毫无踪影了。 + +突然，康妮明白两腿的意义了。她觉得两腿的意义比脸孔更为重要。因为脸孔的意义已变成虚焦了。有生命的灵敏的腿，我么罕有！她望着正厅里的男子们。都是一些黑布懈裹着的脑肠似的大腿，或是一些象套着黑色丧布的瘦削的本竿，或是一些样子好看的提青的腿，但是毫无意义，没有肉感，没有温情，没有锐觉只是些高视步的庸俗的死东西。甚至他父亲所有的肉感都全没有。它们都是被慑服了的，失去了生命的东西。 + +但是女人们是没有被慑服的！唉！多数女人的可怖的粗大的腿！看了令人震怒，令人想行杀的粗大的腿！或者是些可怜的瘦长木柱！或者是些穿着丝袜的，毫无生气的雅致的小东西！真可怕，这几百万条毫无意义的腿，毫无意义在随处趾高气扬！…… + +但是康妮在伦敦并不觉得快活，人们好象都是幽灵似的空洞，虽然有时他们也显得活泼和漂亮，但是他们都是没有生命，没幸福的。一切都是空洞荒芜，而康妮呢，她有的却是一个妇人的盲目地渴望幸福的心，渴望确实得到幸福的心。 + +在巴黎，她至少还感觉得到一点肉感。但这是多么厌倦、疲乏和衰败的肉感。因为缺乏温情而衰败的肉感，厌倦着金钱、金钱、金钱的追逐，甚至厌倦着憎恨与虚荣，简直厌倦得要死！却又不够美国化或伦敦化，去把这厌倦掩藏在机械的嚣声里！唉！那些男子，那结游荡者，那些玩弄女属于得，那些佳看的享受者！他们是多么厌倦！厌倦了，衰败了，因为得不到一点温情，也没有一点温情可以给与。那些能干的，有时是动人怜爱的女子们，对于肉感的真实性是知道一二的：在这一点上，她们是比英国的愚昧的姊妹们胜过一筹的。但是她们对于温情却知道得更少。她们是干枯的，她们的意愿是无穷地干拓，地紧张着的，她们也正在衰败。人类的世界渐渐在衰败下去。也许这种世界将变成凶暴的破坏者，变成一种无政府状态，克利福和他的保守的无政府主义！也许不久便再也不是“保守的”了。也许将要变成最过激的无政府状态了。 + +康妮开始惧怕这世界了。有时，她在巴黎的大街，或布兰林中，或卢森堡公园里，也觉得着一时的快乐。但是巴黎已经充满着一些装束古怪的美国人，和一些到了国外便令人讨厌的阴沉的英国人了。 + +她高兴地离开了巴黎去继续她们的旅程，天气突然变得很热了，所以希尔达决意通过，经布冷纳山道，然后从多罗米山地而至威尼斯。希尔达喜欢自己驾驶汽车，爱料理一切的事情，事事由她作主。康妮却乐得清闲安静。 + +沿途的确是很适意的。但是康妮不住地自己说：“我为什么一点光趣都没有？为什么什么都引不起我的兴趣？多么可怖，我对于风景都失掉兴趣了！那是可怖的！我象圣伯纳德似的，他渡了过卢塞思湖，却连青山绿水都没有看见。风景既然再也不使我发生兴趣了，那么为什么要强迫自己去欣赏？为什么？我不！” + +是的，她在法国、瑞士、提罗尔和意大利都找不以有生气的东西，她只象货物似的，被运载着，打这些地方经过，并且这一切都比勒格贝更不真实，比那可怖的勒格贝更不真实！ + +至于人们呢！他们都是一样的，没有什么大不贩地方。他们都想您掏腰包，否则，假如他们是游客的话，他们便无论如何都得寻找快乐，好象把石头挤出血来似的找寻。可怜的山峦！可怜的风景！它们邦昨给人挤，挤出点小快活、小乐趣来。这些决心享乐的人们，究竟有什么意义？ + +“不！”康妮对自己说，“我宁愿留在勒格贝。那儿，动静。由我，不用鉴赏什么，不用做作什么。这种旅客的寻乐。实在是太单屈的，太无聊的！” + +她想回勒格贝去，甚至回埂克利福那里去。甚至回到那可怜的残刻的克利福那里去。无论如何，耸总不象这些暑假游历的傻子们一般的傻呢。 + +但是在她的内心里，她却没有民那另一个人，她和他的联系决不可中断。啊！决不可中断，否则她便要迷失了，便要完全地迷失在这些有钱的废人和雪乐虫中间了。啊！这些雪乐虫！啊！“离乐”！这是令人作呕的另一种摩登花样。 + +她们把汽车停在梅斯脱的一家汽车行里，坐了定时航行的汽船到威尼斯去，那是一个可爱的夏天午后。湖水起着涟漪。在彼岸背向着她们的威尼斯，在庞大的太阳光下，显得朦胧暗淡， + +到了码头后，她们换了一只游艇，把地址告诉了舟子。那是个普通的舟子，穿着件蓝带白的宽外衣：相貌并不很好看，一点特别的地方都没有。 + +“是的！埃姆拉达别墅！是的！我认得的！那里的一位先生坐过我的船，但是离这儿很远呢。” + +他看来是个孩子气气的躁急的家伙。他躁得有些过甚地划着船，经过那些两边起着可怖的粘腻的绿寺的小运河，这些小河经过一些穷苦人家的区域，那儿，看得见洗涤过的衣物高高地挂在绳七，并且有一股乍浓乍淡的阴沟气味。 + +但是她们终于来到了两边有行人道的空阔的运河，上面跨着下结拱桥，河道笔直，和大运河适成直角。他们坐在小船筵下面，舟子高踞在她们的后边。 + +“小姐们要在埃姆拉达别墅久住吗？”他一边说，一边从容地划着船，并且用一条自黑带蓝的手巾揩着脸的汗。 + +约莫二十天的样子，我们俩都是结了婚的太太。“希尔达说，她的奇沉哑的声音，使她的意大利话说得更难听。 + +“啊！二十天！”那个人说。过了一会他又问道：“太太们，在这二十天内要不要雇一只艇子？按日计算，或者按星期计算？” + +康妮和希尔达考虑着。在威尼斯，总是有一部分自己的游艇好，正如在陆地上，总是有一部自己的汽车好一样。 + +“别墅里有什么船？” + +“有一只小汽车船，也有一只游艇，但是……”这个“但是”是说：它们不是你们的。 + +“你要多少钱？” + +他要三十先令一天，十金镑一星期。 + +“这是通常的价钱么？”希尔达道。 + +“比通常的价钱更便宜，太太，通常是……” + +姊妹俩考虑着。 + +“好吧！”希尔达说，“你明天早上来，我们再定夺吧。你叫什么么名字？” + +他叫佐万尼，他问他应该在几点钟来，应该找哪一位。希尔达没有名片，康妮把她的给了他一张。他的热烈的南国人的蓝色，迅疾地往上瞥了一瞥，然后又望了一望。 + +“啊！”他说，脸孔光亮了起来，“男爵夫人！男爵夫人，是不是广 + +“柯士登沙男爵夫人！”康妮说。 + +埃拇拉达别野是很无宾，在那浅湖的边上，面对着纪奥遮。房子并不很老，。却很可爱，上面的平台前临大海，下面是个树木葱笼的花园，从湖边起着一道围墙绕着。 + +主人是个有点粗俗的笨重的苏格兰人，他大战前在意大利发了一笔大财。因为在大战中十分爱国，所以封了爵士。他的女人是那种清瘦、苍白、泼辣的人，她私人是没有财产的。她的不幸的地方，便是要管束她的丈夫的有点龌龊的招峰引蝶的行为。但是在冬季里，他发了一场小病，现在他是比较容易被驾驭了。 + +别墅差不多住满了容，除了麦尔具体地说爵士和他的两个女儿外，还有七位客人：一对苏格兰夫妇，也带了两个女儿；一位是年轻的意利的伯爵夫人，她是个寡妇；一位是年轻的乔治亚亲王；另一位断纪还劝的英国牧师，他因为患过炎，现在在亚力山大爵士的小教堂里主事，藉此休养身体。那位亲王是个囊空如洗的漂亮人物，厚颜无耻，拿来做个车夫是很不错的！伯爵夫人是个沉静的小猫猫，她有她自己的小勾当。那牧师是个从巴克斯教会来的经验缺乏头脑简单的人；他侥幸地把他的女人和两个孩子留在家里。那苏格兰夫妇一家四口一他们姓加丝利，是爱丁堡的坚实的中等阶级人家，他们坚实地享受一切，事事敢做敢说，只要自己不吃亏。 + +康妮和希尔达立即把要王排挤了。加丝利一家人，多少是她们的同种人，很实在，但是令人讨厌。他们的两个女儿正在找丈无。牧师并不是一个坏爱伙，就是太繁文缛礼了。亚力山大爵干呢，自从他发了小病后，在他的欢快中总是带着一种可怕的呆滞，但是家里来了这么许多美丽的少妇们，依然是一件使他心迷目乱的事情。他的太太一柯泊爵士夫人，是个沉静的善阿澳的妇人。可怜她并不怎么快乐，她只冷静地留心着所有的女子，这竞成了她的第二天性了。她说些冷酷的卑劣的闲话，那证明她对于一切人类天性是多么瞧不起。康妮觉得她对于仆人是非常阴毒虐待的，不过她的样子很静罢了。她巧妙地使亚力山在爵士相信“他”是一家之主和王候，因为他有那自以为快活的隆然大腹，他有那使人厌烦的笑在他有那“滑稽性”一依希尔达的说法。 + +麦尔肯爵士作着他的绘画。是的，他还想在有时间时画一幅威尼斯的水景。这种水景和他的苏格兰风景比起来是相异的。于是每天早晨，他带了大画布，乘着游艇到他的取景处去。稍迟一点，柯泊夫人有时也带了画簿和颜色，乘游艇到市区中心去，她是个执迷不悟的水彩画家，满屋里尽是一幅一幅的玫瑰色宫殿，暗淡的运河拱桥，中古时代的建筑物。再迟一点，便是加丝利一家人，亲王，伯爵夫人，亚力山在爵士，有时是牧师林德先生，乘船到丽岛去洗浴。大家都回得晚，午餐总是在一点半左右的。 + +别墅里宾主聚会的时候，是特殊地令人厌烦的。但是姊妹俩却用不着埋怨。好司令部整天都在外边。好司令部的父亲带她们去看展览会；几里路几里路的令人头痛的图画。他带她们上卢齐西别墅去看他的老朋友。天热的晚上，他和她们坐在皮亚沙上面的佛负边咖啡馆里。他带她们上剧院，去看哥多尼的戏剧。有的是灯彩辉煌的水上游艺会，有的是跳舞场。这是所有游乐城市中的一个游乐场城市。丽岛上，挤拥着成千成万的阳光晒赤了的或穿着轻便的睡衣裤的肉体，好象是个无限的海豹从水中出来在那里配偶的海滨。皮亚沙的人太多了，丽由的人类肢体太多了，游艇太多了，汽船太我了，轮船太多了，鸽儿太多了，冰冻饮食太多了，醇酒太多了，等小帐的仆人太多了，不同的语言太多了，阳光太多了，威尼斯的气味太多了，一船船的杨梅太多了，丝围巾太多了，大块的西瓜，生牛肉片似的摆在货摊上，太多了，娱乐太多了，唉！太多太多的娱乐！ + +康妮和希尔达穿着夏季的轻便衣裳，东穿西窜。她们认识许多的人，许多的人认识她们。葛地里蔑克里斯象个不受欢迎的人出现在她们面前：“喂，怎么！你们住在哪儿？来吃杯冰激淋或什么东西吧！和我乘我的游艇上什么地方去罢。”甚至蔑克里斯都差不多给太阳晒赤了。其实不如说给太阳尊焦了，才更适合于这一大堆人内的那种光景。 + +在某点上说来，那是有趣的，那差不多可说是快乐，总之，痛饮醇酒，身体浸在暖水里，在炙人的沙上晒太阳。在暖热的夜里，循着乐队的喧声跳舞，肚儿抵着肚儿。吃些冰冻东西凉快下来，这是个完美的麻醉剂。他们全体所需要的，便是麻醉剂；静流之水，是麻醉剂；太阳，是麻醉剂；跳舞、纸烟、醇酒、冰、苦艾酒，都无非是麻醉剂。麻醉！那便是享乐那！便是享乐！ + +希尔达是半喜欢麻醉的。她喜欢望着所有的女人，猜想着她们是什么人，干什么的。女人对于女人的兴趣是十分浓厚的。她是否漂亮？她勾上的是什么男子？她得到的是什么乐趣？……男子们象是一些穿白色法兰绒裤的大狗，等待着被人爱抚。等待着打滚作乐，等待着在音乐声中，用他们的肚皮去摩擦一个女人的肚皮。 + +希尔达喜欢跳舞，因为他可以把她的肚皮贴着一个所谓男子汉的肚皮，并且让他从那内脏的中央引导着跳的动作，在场中四处打转，然后她可以悄悄地走开，把那“脚色”忘记了。他只不过被利用一下罢了，可怜的康妮，她却有点闷闷不泺。 + +她不愿跳舞，因为她简直就不能把她的肚皮去磨擦他人的肚皮。她厌恨这丽岛上成堆成堆的差不多赤裸裸的人肉的聚合一丽岛的水几乎还不够把他们个个浸湿呢。她不喜欢亚力山大爵士和柯泊爵士夫人。她不愿意蔑克里斯和任何人跟着她。 + +有时，她把希尔达说服了”陪着她渡过浅湖，远远地到了一处荒寂的沙滩上，那儿，她们可以怪孤独的洗浴，把游艇停在礁石的后面，这便是康妮最快乐的时间了。 + +那时佐万尼多用了一个舟子来帮助他，因为路达远了，而且他在太阳下面汗流如注。佐万尼是个很可爱、对人很亲切的人一意大利人都是这样，却毫无热情。意大利人不是热情的民族；因为热情是深刻的，蕴蓄的。他们易于感动，常常也很亲切起来；但是他们却罕有持续不变的任何热情。 + +这样，佐万尼早已委身于他的两位太太了，正如他过去曾委身于无数的其他太太们一样他已毫无犹豫地甘心卖身于她们，假如她们要他的话；他暗暗地希望着她们要他。她们定会给他一注可观的缠头，那便巧妙了，因为他正准备结婚。他告诉她们于他的结婚的事，而她们也觉得有味地听着。 + +他想，横渡这浅湖到那种荒寂的沙滩上去，大概总是那回事：所谓那回事便是！爱。所以他叫了个帮手，因为路是远的，而且城有两位太太呢。两位太太便得两条鱼！高明的计算！况且是两位鲜丽的太太哟！他想到这个便不禁得意起来，虽然给钱和发命令的是那位大大太，但他却颇希望那位年轻的男爵夫人会选中他去担任那回事。她给的钱一定也会更多的。 + +他带来的助手叫丹尼。他并不是真正的游艇舟子，所以他没有那种卖笑男姐的神气。他本来是个大船上的船户，这种大船是运载附近岛屿所产的水果和其他出品到威尼斯来的。 + +丹尼生得标致，身材高大美好，他的圆整的头上，长得淡褐色的细密的卷发。他有一个雄狮似的好看的男子的脸孔，和两只相离很无的蓝色的眼睛，他不象佐万尼似的媚态洋溢、饶舌和嗜酒如命。他静默着，他从容地有力地划着浆，旁若无人。太太们是太太们，和他是远隔关睥。他甚至瞧也不瞧她们，他只望着前面。 + +这是一个真男子，当佐万尼喝多了，笨掘地乱拔着浆的时候，他便恼怒起来。这是一个男子，正如梅乐士是一个男了，一样是个威武不屈贫贱不移的人，康妮不禁替那放荡的佐万尼的妻室怜惜起来。但是丹尼的妻定是个威尼斯的妖媚可爱的民间妇女之一，这种妇女，我们还可以见到，她们住在这迷宫似的城市的幽僻的地方，幽雅朴素得如花一样。 + +唉！多么悲哀的事！起先是男了了买妇子的身，现在却是女子买男子的身了，佐万尼渴想着出卖他自己，象一只狗似地流口沫希冀着把自己送给一个女人。为了金钱！ + +康妮遥望着威尼斯：红粉的颜色。低低地铺在水上。它是金钱建筑起来的，它是金钱繁荣起来的，并且也是金钱把它杀死的。啊！这致死的金钱！金钱！金钱！卖身与死！ + +虽然这样，丹尼却依旧是个男子，他有着一个男子的自愿的忠贞。他并没有穿上游艇舟子的那种宽外衣，他穿的是件蓝色的毛线短衫。他有的粗野和骄的神气，他是那卑鄙的佐万尼的受雇者，而佐万尼却是两个女子的受雇者。世界便是这样！当耶稣拒绝了恶魔的金钱的时候，他却让这恶魔成了个犹太银行家似的，把一切权威都握在手里了。 + +康妮理理迷迷地从湖水的光照中回家去时。全明一些家里的来信在等着她。克利福是按时有信来的，他写得一手好信，他的信都是可以拿来出版的。因此康妮也就觉得他的信没有多大意思。 + +他在那湖光照耀的晕迷中，在盐质的气氛中，在空旷处，在虚无缥缈中生活着。好迅着健康的生活，她感到一种健康的迷醉。这太舒适了，明躺在摇篮中似的，一切都置诸度外。决且她已经怀孕了，她现在已经知道了。因此，晒着太阳，呼吸着盐质的湖水空气，作着海水浴，或躺在沙滩上，或寻觅着介壳，或乘着游潭无地、远远浮荡，……这种种迷醉，再加上她身里的孕这另一种令人适意的、迷醉的、丰富的健康，于是她的迷醉是到了无经复加的地步了。 + +她在威尼斯已经半个月了，她还有十天或半个月的勾留。太阳使她忘记了时间，而她丰富的肉体的健康，使她的忘记更其完全了。好居幸福的迷醉祥。 + +直至克利福的一封信才把她惊醒 + +我们也有一场本地的小风波。听说守猎我梅乐士的光妇。突然地跑回村舍里去，受了个不太恭的款待。他把她撵了出去，然后把门上了锁。但是，人说，当他从树林里回去的时候，他发现那不再佳丽了的妇人，纯粹地一丝不挂一不如说淫污地一丝不挂罢，稳然占据在他的床上，她是打碎了一块玻璃进去的。既无法把这有点疲乏了的维娜丝从他床上驱逐，他只好鸣金退兵。据说，他是退避到达娃斯哈的母巢去了。于是司德门的维娜斯占据了那村舍，她声称那是好怕家，而阿波罗呢，似乎是住在达娃斯哈了，这是传闻所得，因为梅乐士并没有来亲自见我。这些废话是从我们的废话鸟，我们的朱莺，我们的吃腐肉的几鹰波太太那里听来的。“假如这个妇人在这邻近的话，夫人决不愿再到林中去了的！”假如波太太没有说这种话，我是决不愿向你提起这事的。我很喜欢你的对于麦尔肯爵士跨步入水时候的写生见拂着他的白发，阳光照耀着他的鲜红的肉。我羡慕你们的太阳，这儿自在苦雨呢。但是我并不羡慕麦尔肯爵士积习而成的对人间肉欲的苦恋。不过，在他这年岁儿也怪不得。一个人似乎是越者越留恋人间的肉欲，只有青春才能体会不朽的滋味。 + +在幸福迷醉中的康妮，听了这个消息，烦恼到差不多激怒起来。同在是不得不被那个凶恶的妇人所纠缠了！她没有接过梅乐士的信，他们俩是相约过不要写信的，但是她现在需要从他那里得到直消息了，他毕竟是她身里怀着的孩子的父亲，让他写罢！ + +但是多么可恨！现在一切都扰乱了！那些下层阶的人民是多么可憎！这儿的阳光，这儿的终日优游的生涯较之那的国米德兰的忧郁的一团糟，是多么可爱！开朗的睛空，结竟可以说是生命中最紧要的东西啊！ + +她没有向人提起过她与怀孕的事，甚至对希尔达也不说，她写了封信给波太太探问详细的情形。 + +埃姆拉达别墅里，从罗马新来了一位艺术家旦肯·霍布斯，这是他们的朋友。他现在陪着她们乘游艇出去，在浅湖的彼岸和她们一起洗浴，处处护从着她们。这是个沉静的、差不多寡言的青年，对于艺术的造诣是很深的。 + +她接到了一封波太太的信。夫人，我保准你见了克利福男爵时是要高兴的。他正在容光焕发，充满着希望地刻苦工作着。不用说，他天天望着你回来，家里自从夫人走后最沉闷的，等夫人回来时，我们大家都要高兴了。关于梅乐士先生的事，我不晓得克利福男爵对你说了多少。事情似乎是一天午后，他的女人突然地跑回来了。当他从林里归家时，发现她坐在门槛上，她对他说，她是他的合法妻子，好在回来了，要和他重新相储度日，并且不愿离婚，因为梅乐士先生似乎正在提出离婚的要求。但是他却不听话，不肯让她进去，并且他自己也没有进去，门也没开便回树林里去了。但是那天晚上他回去时，他看见窗户给人打碎了。于是他跑到楼上看她干的什么勾当。他发现她一丝不挂地在他床上，他提议给她钱，但是她说她是他的妻，他得把她收回，他们间究竟怎样闹了一场，我也不很清楚，你的母亲对我谈及这种种，她是非常烦恼的，总之，他对她说，他宁死而不愿再和她同居，于是他拿了他的东西，一直回达娃斯哈他的母亲家里，他在那儿过了一夜，第于天他打花园里进树林，没有定近村舍去，那天他似乎没有见他的女人，但是隔了一天，她却跑到北加利她的哥哥名叫丹的家里去，呼天喊地发誓，说她是他的合法的妻，并且他曾在村舍里有过女人，因为她在他的抽屉里找到了一瓶香水，在炉灰上找到了一些名贵的纸烟头，和其他不知什么东西，而且送信的人一佛列·吉克，似乎说过，他有一天大清早，听见梅乐士先生卧室里有人说话，并且在小路上有汽车的痕迹。 + +梅乐士先生继续住在他母亲家里，他到树林里去时是打花园里进去的，而她似乎也继续留在村舍里，外面闲话说个不了，于是最后梅乐士先生和唐斐立听到村舍里去，把大部分的家修养和床褥搬走了，把抽水管的柄取下了，因此她也只好滚蛋。但是她并不回史德门去，她却去佳在北加利的史横太太家里，因为她的嫂嫂不要她了，她不断地到梅乐士妈妈家里去追他，并且开始对人发誓，说她曾和他在村舍里睡过，她找了一个律师，要求他给赡养费，她比以前更肥胖了，而且更下贱了，而且强壮得象一头牡牛。她到处向人说些关于他的最难堪的话，说他在村舍里留女人，说他们结婚后他怎样的行为，他迫她受一切下贱野蛮的事情，和一切我也说不清的事，多么可怖！一个妇人开口的时候，她什么恶作不出来！不论她多么下贱，总有人会相信她；而丑低之词将传扬开去，她把梅乐士先生说成一个对待女子又下贱又残暴的人的样子，简直是铃人震怒的，但是人们是怪怪易相信谤的话的，尤其是关于这一类事情的话，她宣称如果他活一日，她便不让一日好过，但我却对自己说，假如他对她是这么残暴的话，为什么她还是这么焦急着要回他家里？当然，她是快到停经时期的人了，因为她比他太好几岁呢，这些庸欲粗野的妇人，当停经时期来到的时期，总是要变成半疯狂的。 + +这信给了康妮一个大魇打击，现在。毫无疑义地，她是要混在这谗言丑低之中了，她恼怒他连一个自篱·古蒂斯都奈何不了，她甚至恼怒她干吗和她结婚，也许她真是有点下贱的某种倾向吧，康妮想起那最后的一夜，她灭禁战起来，那种种的肉感，他竟和白黛·古蒂斯这么一个女人共有过！那真是有点令人作呕了。也许最好是脱离他，完全避开他，他也许让真是个庸俗下贱的人呢。 + +她对于这整个事情的情感剧变了，她差不多要羡慕加丝利姊妹俩的不谐世务和痴憨的少女天真了，现在，她生怕她和守猎人的事被人知道”那是多么不可言宣的屈辱！她觉得厌倦，惧怕，她切望过着一种体面封锁理的生活，假如克利福知道了她的事，那是多么不可言宣的屈辱！她恐惧着惊怖这个社会和它的污秽的中伤，她差希望她能屏除那个孩子，避免了一切，简言之，她是陷在一种畏缩怯懦的情境中。 + +至于那瓶香水，那全是她的不是。她就忍不住她的孩子气的发作，更把他抽屉里的几条手巾和他的衬衣芒香起来，又把那小半瓶高锹的野罗兰香水留在那里，她想使他闻到了这香水而想起她。至于纸烟头，那是希尔达留下的。 + +她不能自禁地对旦肯·霍布斯倾了几凡民。她并没有说她已经是那守猎人的情人，她只说她喜欢他，并且把他的历史告诉霍布斯。 + +“啊！”霍布斯说，“你瞧吧，他们是非打倒这个人不可的，假如他不愿攫着机会爬到中等阶级去，假如他是个维护他自己的性的人，那么他便完了，人们唯一不让你的事，使是对于性这东西的爽直和坦白。至于于你是怎样的龌龊，人却不管，中实上你对于性爱愈龌龊的话，那便要打倒你。这是人类所剩下的最后的一个野蛮的禁忌：他们不愿听说性爱是个自然的、基要的机能。假如你想用这机能，他们便要杀你。你瞧罢，他们将把那个人穷迫到死的。毕竟，他有什么不是？说是他和他的妻的性爱太狂了，这不是他的权利么？她还应该引为荣呢！但是，你看，甚至一下流的东西如他的妻，都要起来反对他，而且挑拨暴民的野狗似的反对性爱的本能来推倒他。在实行性爱以前，你得象一只狗似的闻闻嗅嗅，觉得犯罪而难过。啊，他们是要把这可怜的家伙穷迫到死的。” + +现在，康妮的情感又在另一方面剧变。毕竟他有什么不是？他对于她自己一康妮，又有什么不是？他给过她美妙的快乐的一种自由的、欣欣向荣的感觉，他把她身上困着的自然而温暖的性流的水闸打开了。这了这个，他便将被人穷迫到死。 + +啊，不，那是不应该的！她的心里看见他，赤棵锡，白析析的，只有脸孔和两手是赤色的，他闭着，对她挺起的阴说着话，仿佛它是另一个人似的，他的脸上接着那奇异的苦笑，她听见他的声音：“您有的是最美丽的妇人的臀儿！……”她觉得他的搀在热烈地、温柔地爱抚着她的臀部，爱抚着她的秘密的地方，好象是个祝福的表示。一种热力在她的子宫里流过，一些小小的火焰在她的两膝上摇曳。她说：“啊，不！我决不能退缩！我决不能把他抛弃！无论如何，我定要依附他和他给铁东西！我的温暖的、光芒的生命是他给的，我不退缩。” + +她做了件冒失的事。她写了封信给波太太，里面封了一封短函叫小驮庄转交给他，她给他写道： + +我听了你的种种烦恼，觉得非常痛苦；但是你宽心罢，那只是一种歇斯底里罢了，那是来得骤然，而去得也骤然。便是我是十分抱歉的，我很希望你不致过于忧心。那究竟是不值得的。她不过是个想给你点苦头的歇斯底里的妇人罢了，我在十天内使要归去，我希望一切都将顺适。 + +我听说你们打算十六日离开威尼斯，真是高兴得很。但是假如你在那边很快活的话，那便不必急急于回家。我们很怀念你。勒格贝没有了你也太空洞了，但是最要紧的还是你多多地享受阳光，阳光与睡衣裤，好象丽岛的广告上说的。所以。要是你在那儿觉得很愉快，并且对你的健康有进益，以准备度我们的严冬的话，那到你就请多留一些时日吧，拿今天说，这儿就下着雨呢。 + +波太太勒勉可靠地侍候我。她真是个怪异的人类标本。我越活着便越觉得人类是奇怪的生物。让多人是很可以象蜈蚣似地有一百条腿。或象龙是似的有六条腿。人类的一致，和一个人所希冀于他人的尊严，实际上仿佛是不存在的，我们甚至要怀疑这两种东西本身是否存在。 + +守猎人的非议日见增大，如雪球滚地一般，波太太供给着我种种消息，她使我联想到一条鱼，鱼虽然是不会说话，但是只要它是活着，它的腮好象总是在呼吸着沉默的闲言，一切都打她的腮筛里经过，并且没有使她惊异的事情，仿佛他人的事故，是好怕生命所必需的氧气似的。 + +她很留心着梅乐士的事件，假如我让她开口的话，她便要把我引到深底里去。她对于梅乐士的女妗是无限愤慨的一甚至这样她也象是舞台上的女优般的愤慨一她坚持叫她白黛，古蒂斯。我曾经到过白黛·古蒂斯的污浊的生活的深处；当我从那滔滔的闲话里解脱出来，慢慢地重新浮出水面的时候，我望着光明的阳光，惊异着怎么能有这么一种生活。 + +我觉得绝对的真，我们所眼见的这个世界，实际上是个深深的海底；所有的树木是海底植物，我们自己是海底的奇民蝗或鳞甲动物，我们象小是似地以腐物饱腹。只有灵魂偶尔从我们所住的这深不可测的地方，喘息着浮了起来，远远地浮到有真空气的以太的水面，我确信我们普通所吸的空气是水之一种，而我们男男女女都是鱼类之一种。 + +但是在海底掠食后的灵魂，有时也会象海鸥似的、狂喜地向着光明展冀疾飞。我想，我们在那人类的海底野林中掠食着我们水族同类的狞恶的生命，是我们的死运吧。但是我们不朽的命运却是逃走，一旦蚕咽了我们的粘腻的掠物后，我们便从这古老的海洋冲出，重回到光辉的以太里，重回到真正的光明里，那时我们便了解我们有个永久的天性。 + +当我听着波太太说话时，我觉得我自己是在沉着，沉着，沉到了海底里，那儿，神秘的人类鱼在打转，在游泳，肉欲来潮的时候，他们攫住了一块肉食，然后向着高处上升，上升，从浓雾里到以太里，从低湿处到干爽处。对你，我可以将这整个的程序解释，但是和波太太，我只觉得很可怖地向下，向下沉着，沉到了那绝底的海藻与死灰色的妖怪中间。 + +我恐怕我们的守猎人要定了，逃妇所引起的丑事，不单没有缓和下去，反而愈来愈见扩大了。她遣责他一切不可名状的事情。说也奇怪，她竞有法子使大部分的矿工的妻了们一可怖的鱼类一站在她的后面，村里是给渊言所腐化了。 + +我听说这位白黛。古蒂斯，把村舍和小屋搜索一番后，到梅乐士母亲家里把梅乐士罗唣了一场，有一天，她的女儿散学回来时，她想把这酷肖母亲的东西带定。但是这小儿女，不但没有吻她慈母的手，反而把她狠狠地咬了一日，这一来，慈母的另一只子给了她一个耳光，把她蹒跚地打落沟渠里，那位愤懑窘迫的祖母才把她救了出来。 + +这妇人在她的周围，喷布了惊人的大量的毒气。她把地妻生活的一切大小情节都播散出去，这种种情节在普通夫妇之间是只有埋藏在婚姻的沉默的扩墓之量深处的，在十年的安葬之后，她再发掘了出来，好个异样的陈列！这些详情我是从林来和医生那里听来的，医生觉得那是伴娱人的事情，自然，个中一切都是毫无意义的。人类一向就是婪无厌地探究着性交的特殊姿式的，假如一位丈无喜欢和他的女人“意大利式”地一如赛凌尼的说法一尽情尽意，又有什么不可呢，那不过是嗜好的问题罢了。不过我却没有想到我们的守猎人也能玩这许多戏法。无疑地那是白黛·古蒂斯启蒙他的。无论如何，那是他们自家的家丑，与他人是毫无关系的。 + +虽然，大家都在听着，正和我自己一样，在十年前，只要普通的廉耻心便足把这种事件窒息。但是普通的廉耻心不再存在了，矿工的妻子们从头到脚都武装起来了，再也无法使她们缄默了。人一定要以五十年来达娃斯哈的孩子们个个都是圣胎所出，我们的背教的妇女们，个个都和琼·达尔克一般光荣。我们的可敬的守猎人竟有拉伯雷的的倾向，这在村人的眼中似乎使他变得比一个杀人凶手如巨立朋更其怪庚而令人发指，可是然种种传说看来，达娃斯哈村里这些人民也是荒淫不羁的。 + +困难的地方便是这可恶的白黛·古蒂斯并不安于她自己的苦痛经验，她到处呼号着她发现了她的丈夫在村舍里“留”女子，并且胆敢指出人名。于是几个可敬的名字便被曳在污泥里了；事情竟闹到使人不得不下个拘禁她的命令。 + +梅乐士已不能使那妇人不到林中去，所以我不得不叫他来把事情问个详细。他和往常一样地踱来踱去，好象说：“别管我的事，我也不管你的！”可是，我却十分怀疑他自己觉得象个尾巴上缚了个洋锡罐的狗，虽然他装做详锡罐并不在那里的怪自然的样子，但是我听人说，当他经过村里的时候，妇人们都把她们的孩子叫开，好象他是沙德候爵的化身似的，他是一味的鲁莽，但是我恐怕他尾巴上的罐子缚得紧紧以的，并且他内心里象堂罗德里哥似的念着那句西牙短歌：“唉！我犯罪的那个地方，现在被咬伤了！” + +我问他是不是尽林中的职务，他说他相信并没有疏忽他的职务。我对他说，他的女人在林中这样打扰是件讨厌的事。他答道，他没有法子制止她。然后我暗示他那件不名誉的事情，是越来越难听了。“是的，”他说，“人们应该只管自己的床第间事，那么他们便少听他人的床第间闲话了。” + +他说这话是带点苦味，而无疑是真的，但是他说这庄的样子，既不文雅，又不尊敬。我把这个意思暗示给他，这一来我听见了那样锡罐在响起来：“克利福男爵，象您这样情境的人，是不应该责备我的两腿间有一条鳖鱼的。” + +这种事情，不分皂白地逢人便说，当然于他是毫无益处的，因此我们的牧师和林来，和波劳斯，大家都以为最好是将他辞退了。 + +我问他在村舍里留女子的事是否真的。他说：“那与你有什么关系呢，克利福男爵？”我对他说，在我的林园里面，是不容不正经的事的。他却答道：“那么，你得把所有妇人的嘴都扣起来。”一当我迫着问他在村舍里的生活情形时，他说：“你尽可以把我和我的化狗儿佛萝茜捏造一些秽史。那给你一个好的漂亮的题目！”真的，他的鲁莽无礼，是无人能出其右的。 + +我问他另外去找个位置是否容易。他说：“假如你这话是暗示我滚蛋，那么再容易没有了。”这样，他毫不反对地在下星期末离开此地，而且他似乎愿意把这职业的种种秘密传授给他的代替者，乔·钱伯斯，一个年轻的家伙，我提议在他定的时候，多给一个月的薪水。他说我还是留着这钱好，因为我的良心无法安静。我问他这话是什么意思，他说：“克利福男爵，你没有另外欠我什么，所以不要多绘我什么。假如你还有什么不满的话要说的，便只管说罢。” + +好了，此刻事情是完结了！那妇人是走了，我们也不知道她上哪儿去了。但是颗达娃斯哈露面的话，她是要被拘禁起来的，我听说她是最怕坐牢的，因为她实在太应份了。梅乐士将于下星期本离开，那地方不久也便重返原状了。 + +我亲爱的康妮，假如你觉得快活的话，你就在威尼斯或瑞士留在八月初罢，你能远隔着这些污秽的谣诼，我是觉得欣快的，这些谣琢到了月底便可以全息了。 + +我看，我们是海底的妖怪，当一条龙虾在泥上走过时，它把水给大家搅了，我们只好坦然受之啊！ + +克利福信里的激恼和任何同情心的缺乏，给康妮的印象是很坏的。但是当，她接到梅乐士的下面那封信时，她对于事情才明白些了： + +秘密是刺穿一袋子里的猫定出来了，而且还带着种种小猫呢。想来你已经听到了，我的妻白黛，向我的无情的臂里回来了，而且卜居于村舍里，那儿一说句不恭敬的话一那小瓶高狄香水，在她的鼻子里却是老鼠味儿。在几天内，她没有找到旁的东西，然后，那张焚的像片，使她狂号起来，她在杂物间里发现了玻璃和框板。不幸地，在那框上板上，有人涂了一些小画，和几个省笔名字：c．d．r，起初，这还不能供给什么线索，直至她跑到小屋里去，在那里发现了一本你的书一女伶朱狄英的一本自传，在第一页上，写有你的名字constancestewartreid，得了这个后，她便到处狂叫了几天，说我的情妇不是别人，就是果太莱男爵夫人自己，这消息终于传到了牧师、波劳斯先生和在狮福男福的耳朵里，于是他们把我的好太太告到官里去，她是个怕警察或怕死的，听了便逃之天天了。 + +克利福男爵要见我，于是我便到他那里去，他把事情说来说去，好象恼恨我的样子，然后他问我知道不知道连查太莱夫人的名字也给人提及了，我说我从来不听谣言，这话竞从克利福男爵嘴里听得，是使我惊异的，他说，这自然是个绝大的侮辱，我答道，在我的洗涤间里，接了个日历，上面有个玛丽王后的像，无疑地因为王后是我的阿房宫里的一个宫女子。但是他并不赏识这个笑话，她差不多派我是个不如裤钮在外面走路的鲁夫，而我也差不多告诉他，无论如何，他是没有东西可以不扣裤钮的，因此他把我辞退了，我将于下星期六离开，这地方将不再认识我了。 + +我将到伦敦我从前的房东英格太太那里去，她住在高堡广场十七号，她将绘我一个房子，或替我找过房子的。 + +你可以确信罢，你的罪恶是不会把你放松的，尤其是你是有夫之妇，而她的名字叫做白黛。 + +信里没有一个字是关于她的，或是给她的，康妮不禁愤恨起来，他很可以说几句抚慰她的，或安她的心里的话，但是她明白他的意思是要让她自由、自由地回勒格贝和克利福那里去。而这也使她愤恨，他何必如此假作毫侠？了对克利福说：“是的，她是我的爱人，我的情妇，而我是骄傲！”但是他却没有这个勇气。 + +那么，在达娃斯哈，她的名字竟和他的混在一起了，可怖的混蛋！但是不久便要静息下来了。 + +她愤怒着。那是一个复杂而系乱的愤怒，这愤怒使人了生气，她不知做什么好，说什么好，于是她也不说什么，也不做什么，她在威尼斯的生活和以前一样，和旦肯·霍布斯乘游船出去，洗海水浴，让时光轻轻地过去，十年前忧郁地恋爱她的旦肯，现在又爱起她来了，但是她对他说：“我希望于男子的只有一件事，便是他们让我安静！” + +于是旦肯让她安静了，而是毫不生气。虽然，他还是对她流露着一种奇异的颠倒的爱之软流他。他但愿与她亲近。 + +“你有没有想过，”他有一天对她说，“人与人间的关系是多么肤浅？看看丹纪罢！他美得和一个太阳的儿子似的，但是你看，他在她的美中，看来是多么孤独！而我敢打赌，他一定有妻儿，而且这妻儿是他所不能离弃的。” + +“问他自己去罢”康妮说。 + +旦肯问了他。丹尼说他已经结了婚，生了两个男孩大的九，小的七岁。但是他对于这事实并不流露任何情感。 + +“也许唯有能与他人真正结全听人，才有这种孤独于宇宙之间的外表罢。”康妮说，“此外的人都有着某种胶粘性，他们只知胶粘着群众，和优雅万尼一样。”而她心里想：“你，旦肯，也是这一类人。” + + + + + +第十八章 + + +她再也不都犹豫了。她决定星期六(他离开勒格贝的那天也是星期六)离开威尼斯。她将于下星期一到伦敦，地她便可以会见他了，她给他写了一封信，寄到他的伦敦的地址去，要他回信到哈兰饭店，并且星期一晚上七点到那儿去会她。 + +她心里感到一种奇异的复杂的愤怒，她所有的感应都好象麻木了。她甚至对希尔达也不愿告以心事，希尔达呢，对她的这种固执的大不高光，很亲切地跟一个荷兰女人交好起来，康妮觉得女人与女人之间这种有点闷抑的亲切是可憎的；反之，希尔达却趋之难不恐不及。 + +麦尔肯爵士决意和康妮一路回去，旦肯将陪希尔达回来。这老艺术家是养尊处优贯了的人，他买了两张“东方快画”的卧铺票，虽然康妮并不喜欢奢侈的卧车和那种车里的庸俗腐败的氛围。然而坐这种车到巴黎快一些。 + +麦尔肯爵士回家去见太太时，总是心中局促不安的。这是他的一第一位太太在世的时候传下来的习惯了。但是家里将举行一个松鸡的游猎会，他要及时赶到。阳光晒赤了的美丽的康妮，默默地坐着，把沿作宾景色全都忘了。 + +“回勒格贝去，你觉得有点烦闷的。”她的父亲看到她的郁郁不快的情形时说。 + +“我还说不定是要回勒格贝去呢。”她骤然地说，两只蓝色的大眼睛望着她父亲，他的蓝色的大眼睛，显着一个良心有疚的人的惊愕神情。 + +“你的意思是说要在巴黎待一下么？” + +“不！我是说永不回勒格贝去。” + +他老人家自己的小烦恼已经够受了，他衷心希望不要再担负她的烦恼。 + +“这是怎么说的，这么突然？”他问道。 + +“我要有个孩子了。” + +这句话是她第一次对人说的，她的生命好象也随着这句话而裂成两片了。 + +“你怎么知道呢？”她的父亲问道。 + +她微笑着。 + +“我怎么知道！” + +“当然不是克利福的孩子呢？” + +“对！是另一个人的。 + +她觉得有点快意地使他捉摸不住地焦急起来。 + +“我认识那个人么？”麦尔肯爵士问道。 + +“不！你从来没有见过他。” + +静默了很久以后，他说： + +“你打算怎样呢？” + +“我不知道，问题也就在这儿。” + +“没法子跟克利福商量解决么？” + +“我想克利福定发受孩子的。”康妮说；“前回你跟他谈话后，他对我说过，假如我有个孩子的话，他决不会介意的，只要我审慎行事。” + +“在这种情况下，这是他唯一的有理智的话，以我想事情是没有什么问题了。” + +“怎么见得？”康妮直望着她父亲的眼睛说，她父亲的眼睛，有点象她自己的，又蓝又大，但是笼罩着某种不安的神情，有时象个不安的幼童的眼睛，有时带着那乖僻自私的样子，通常是欢乐的，小心翼翼的。 + +“你可以给克利福一个查太莱姓的传宗接代的人，而且在勒格贝安置另一个小男爵。” + +麦尔肯爵士的脸孔上显着半肉感的微笑。 + +“但我想我是不愿意的。”她说。 + +“为什么不？难道你觉得牵挂着那另一个人么？喂！我的孩子，让我告诉你一点真话吧。世界是赓续下去的。勒格贝存在着，它将继续存在，世界多少是固定的，我们表面上不得不去适应客观存在。在么认上说，我个人的意见是：我们喜怎样便可怎样。情感是变动的，你今年可以喜欢这人，明年喜欢另一个。但是勒格贝却继续存在着，只要勒格贝忠于你，你便要忠于勒格贝，此外，你什么都可以随意，但是如果你把事情破坏了，你不会得到多大好处的，人要是喜欢破坏的话，你尽可破坏，你有你个人的收入，这是一个人唯一可以依赖的东西，但是破坏了于你是没有多大好处的，给勒格贝一个小男爵：这是件好玩的事情。” + +麦尔肯爵士重新微笑起来，康妮一声不响。 + +“我希望你终于得到一个真正的男人了。”过了一会他对她说道，肉感地生气勃然。 + +“是的，我实在得到了。不过烦恼也就在这儿。世上真正的男人是罕有的。”她说。 + +“啊，天！这是真的。他沉思着说：“的确罕有！那么，我亲爱的，瞧你这这个样子，他是个幸福的人，他决不会给你什么烦恼吧？” + +“啊！不！他完全让我自主。” + +“自然啦！自然啦！一个真男子应该是这样的。” + +麦尔肯爵士心里觉得高兴。康妮是他的宠女，他一向就喜欢她的女性，她肖母亲的地方不象希尔达那么多，而他是一向讨厌克利福的，所以他高兴，他对他的女儿表示着慈蔼的温情，仿佛那未出世的孩子是他的。 + +他陪她乘车到哈兰饭店去，看她一切安顿了后，才到他的惧乐部去，她说晚上用不着他来陪她。 + +她得到了梅乐干的一封信。 + +我不愿到你的饭店里，但是我七点钟在亚当街的金鸡咖啡店的门前候你。 + +他在那儿等着她，瘦长的身躯，穿着一套薄薄的黑礼服，使他显得非常异要。他有一种自然的卓越的神气，但是没有她那个阶级的人的依式定做的样儿，虽然，她马上瞧出了他是可以到处出头的人。他有一种天生的仪态，那确是楷依式定做的阶级的东西好得多。 + +“呀！你来了！你的气色真好啊！” + +“是的！可是你的便不见得好。” + +她不安地望着他的脸，他瘦了，他的颧骨显露出来，但是他的眼睛向她微笑着，她觉得与他是毫无隔阂的。突然。她的维持外表的力量松懈了。一种肉体上的什么东西，从他泛溢出来，那使她的内心觉得安泰、快乐而无羁。她的追求幸福的锐敏的女子本这，立即告诉她：他在时，我是快乐的！威尼斯的所有阳光，并没有给过她这种内在的焕发与温暖。 + +“那件事使你觉得太可怖了吧？”当他们在一张桌子边相对着坐下后，她问道。 + +“人们总是可怖的。”他说，他太瘦了，她现在看出来了，她看见了他的手，和从前一般，象个人睡了的兽类似的，带着士种奇异的忘乎所以的态度放在桌上。她真想拿来亲吻。但是她不太有这胆量。 + +“你难过得很吧？”她说。 + +“是的，我觉得难过，而难过的日子还有呢。我知道我的觉得难过是愚蠢的。” + +“你是不是觉得象一只尾巴上缚了个锡罐的狗？克利福说你有那样的神气呢。” + +他望着她。此刻对他说这种话，是太残忍了：因为他的自尊心曾受过很大的苦楚。 + +“我想是的。”他说。 + +她决不知道侮辱对他所引起的狂暴的苦叶泊愤恨呢。 + +他们沉默了好一会。 + +“你怀念我不？”她问道。 + +“我高兴你远远离那一切。” + +他们重新沉默着。 + +“但是，人们相信不相信你和我的事情？”她问道。 + +“不！我决不以为他们会相信的。” + +“克利福呢？” + +“我想他也不，他把事情搁在一边不去想它，但是，当然，那使他永不愿再见我的面了。” + +“我就要有个孩子了。” + +他脸上的、全身的表情全死了，他两只阴郁的眼睛望着她，这种注视是使她莫明其妙的：这象是一种火焰的灵魂在望着她。 + +“告诉我你高兴吧！”她握着他的手恳求道。她看见某种得胜的狂喜，从他的心里流溢出来，但是这种狂喜是给一种她所不明白的东西网结着的。 + +“那是个将来。”他说。 + +“难道你不高兴么？”她坚持着说。 + +“我是很不信任将来的。” + +“但是你不必烦恼要负什么责任的，克利福将接受这个孩子如同已出一般，他一定要高兴的。” + +她看见他听了这个话苍白在而退缩起来，他不答一词。 + +“你要我回到克利福那里去，而给勒格贝生个小男婴么？”她问道。 + +他望着她，又苍白又疏远，那狞恶的微微的苦笑挂在他的脸上。 + +“你不必告诉他谁是父亲吧！” + +“啊！”她说，甚至我告诉他，他也要接受这个孩子的。” + +他思索了一会。 + +“是的！”他最后自言自语地说，他也要的。” + +他们静默着，他们中间好象有个阔大的深渊似的。 + +“但是你不愿我回克利福那儿去吧，是不是？”她问他说。 + +“你自己愿意怎样呢？” + +“我愿和你同居。”她简单地说。 + +他听了这话，情不自禁地觉得一些小火焰在他的小腹上奔驰而过，他把头垂下了，然后用他那阴郁的眼睛再望着她。 + +“要是你觉得值得的话。”他说，“我是毫无所有的人。” + +“你有的东西比大多数的男子更多，算了，你自己是知道的。”她说。 + +“是的，在某种程度上我是知道的。”他静思了一会，然后继续说：“人家一向说我的女性太浓了，但是这话是不真实的，我不女性并不因为我不喜欢射杀鸟儿，也不是因为我不喜欢弄钱或不喜欢往上爬。我在军队里要往上爬本来是很容易的，但是我却不喜欢军队，虽然我很可以驾驭男子们，他们也喜欢我，而当我发起脾气来的时候，他们便要怕神怕鬼似的怕我。咳，军队之所以是个死东西，绝对地呆笨的死东西，就是那愚昧的、机械的、上峰的权威所造成的。我喜欢男子们，而男子们也喜欢我，但是我就忍受不了那班经营这世界的人们的呓语和摆嗅架子的无耻。这便是我不能上进的缘故，我恨金钱的无耻行为，我恨阶级的无耻行为，在这种世界里，我还有什么可以献给一个女子的东西？” + +“但是为什么要献给什么东西呢？那又不是一个交易，我们不过是互相钟爱罢了。”她说。 + +“不！不！事情不是这么简单的，生活便是前进，我的生命不愿就适当的轨道，简直不愿。所以我是有点象废物似的，我没有权利使一个女子进入我的生活，除非我的生活有所作为有所成就一至少是内在地，能使我们俩常觉新鲜奋发。男子应该把他生活中的下结有意及的东西献给女子，假如这个生活将是孤立的，假如这个女子是个真庄女子！我不能只做你的男性拼妇。” + +“为什么不呢？”她说。 + +“咳，因为我不能，而且你转眼便要厌恨这种生活的。” + +“你这话说得好象你不能信赖我似的。”她说。 + +他苦笑丰。 + +“钱是你的，社会地位是你的，一切将由你主决，。总之，我只是太太的内满足者罢了。” + +“此外你还是什么呢？” + +“我不怪你疑问。无疑地那是看不见的。可是，我对于自己，并不妄自轻贱。我明白我自己的生存的意义，虽然我也很了解旁人是不明白的。 + +“难道和我同居后，你的生存的意义便要减少了么？” + +他停了很久才答道： + +“也许；” + +她也迟地思索着。 + +“什么是你的生存的意义呢？” + +“我告诉你，那是看不见的。我不相信世界，我不相信金钱，我不相信进步，我不相信我们的文明的将来，假如人类是有个将来的话，那便得有个大大的变换。” + +“那么真正的将来是怎样的呢？” + +“上帝才知道！我觉得我的心里有一种什么东西和无限的愤怒混合着。但是那确切是什么，我却不知道。” + +“我要我告诉你么？”她望着他的脸说，你要我告诉你有的是什么东西么？那是他人所没有的，而且是创造将来的东西，你要我告诉你么？” + +“告诉我吧，”他答道。 + +“那是你自己的温情的勇气；当你的手放在我的臀互，说我有个美丽的臀部的时候，便是那个东西。” + +他的脸上显着苦笑。 + +“对了！”他说。 + +然后他静默地想着。 + +“是的！”他说，“你说得对。就是那个。全是那个！在我和男子们的关系中，我感觉到这个东西，我不得不肉体地和他们接触，而且不能退缩。我得内地对他们醒悟，而且对他们表示一点温情，甚至当我使他们痛苦折磨的时候对于肉体的醒悟和自然的肉体的温情也羞怯退缩，而这醒悟和温情却是最善的——甚至在男子与男中间。男子之所以刚强勇敢，而不是一些猿猴，也就因为那种东西。是的！那是温情的，的确；那是性的醒悟。性爱实在只是一种接触，一切接触中最密切的接触。而我们所惧怕的使是接触。我们只醒悟了一半，生活着一半，我们得完全地生活和醒悟。尤其是我们英国人得用点温情与辛勤；互相接触起来，这是我们的迫切的需要。” + +她望着他。 + +“那么你为什么惧怕我呢？”她说。 + +他望着她很久才答道： + +“那是因为你的金钱和你的地位，那是因为你所有的世界”“但是我难道没有温情么？康妮热劲地问道： + +他阴郁地，心不在焉地望着她。 + +“是的！有的！时来时去，和我自己一样。” + +“但是你难道不能信任这温情在人和我之间存在么？”她焦虑地凝视着他问道。 + +她看见他的脸色温和了下来，那抵抗的神气渐渐地失掉下” + +“也让”他说。 + +两个人都静默着。 + +“我要你把我抱在你的怀里，”她说，“我要你对我说，你高兴我们将有个孩子了。” + +她是这样的美丽，这样的温暖，这样的热切，他的脏腑为她骚动起来了。 + +“我想我们可以到我房子里去吧，”他说，“虽然这又是件令人谤的事情。” + +她看见又把世界忘怀了，他的脸孔现着温柔的、热情的、柔媚面纯洁的光彩。。 + +他们沿着偏僻的街道走到高堡广场。他的房子在最高的一层，是个屋顶楼房，整洁而大方，他有个煤气炉自己烧煮着食物。 + +她把自己的衣裳脱了，叫他也把他的脱了，初期怀孕中的温软鲜丽的她，是动人的。 + +“我不应该烦扰你。”他说。 + +“别说这话！”她说，“疼爱我吧！疼爱我，说你不会丢弃我吧！说你不会丢弃我吧！说你永会让我回到世上去，或回到任何人那里去！” + +她倔近他，紧贴着他纤瘦而强壮的裸体一这是她所知道的唯一的栖身处。 + +“那么我将留着您，”他说，“要是您愿意，我将留着你！” + +他紧紧地环抱着她。 + +“告诉我你高兴有这孩子吧！”她重复地说，“吻吻他吧！吻吻这孩子所在的地方，说人高兴他在那儿吧。” + +但是他犹豫着。 + +“我很惧怕孩子们生在这种世上；我很替他们的将来担心。” + +“但是你已经把他放在我的里面了，对、他温柔吧，这便是他的将来了。吻吻他吧！” + +他战战栗着，因为那是对的。“对他温柔吧，这便是他的将来了。”一这时，他对她的爱情是绝大的。他吻着她的小腹和好怕美神之丘，他假近着她的子宫和子宫里面的胎儿吻着。 + +“啊，你是爱我的！你是爱我的！”她细声地呼喊起来，这种呼喊是象她的性讥进时的呼喊一样，盲目的，模糊不清的。她温柔地插进她的里面，觉得温情的波涛，汹涌地从他自已的心肠里流到她的心肠里，两个相怜相爱的心肠在他们间燃烧着。 + +当他进她的里面去时，他明白了这是他应该做的事情：和她作温情的接触，而保存着他的骄傲、尊严和一个男子的完整。总之，虽则她有钱而他则两袖清风但是让他的骄傲心与正义心，却不容他因此而撤回他对她的温情的。他心里想到：“我拥护人与人间的肉体的醒悟的接触和温情的接触。她是我的伴侣。她授助我和金钱、机械以及世人的兽性的呆钝的理想作战。多谢上帝，我得了个女人了！我得了个又温柔又了解我的女人，和我相聚！多谢上帝，她并不是凶暴的矗妇。多谢上帝，她最个温柔的醒悟的女人。”当他的精液在她里面插射的时候，在这种创造的行为中一那是远地生殖行为的一他的灵魂也向她插射着。 + +现在，她是完全决定了：他和她是不可分离的了。不过，怎样呢，什么方法呢，那是仍待解决的。 + +“你恨不恨自黛·古蒂斯？”她问道。 + +“别对我说起她吧。” + +“啊！你得让我说说，因为你曾经喜欢过她；而且你曾经和她亲密过。正如你现在和我一样，所以人得告诉我。在你们间有过这种亲密以后，而恨她到这步田地，可不是有点可怕的么？这是什么缘故？” + +“我不知道。她的意志好象无时无刻不在准备着反抗我！咳！她那狞恶的女性的意志，她那自由狂！这种自由狂的结局是最残暴的暴虐！啊，她是拿着她的自由来反对我，好象她把硫酸抛在我脸上一样。” + +“但是她甚至现在还没有脱离你呢。她还爱不爱你？” + +“不，不！她所以没有放弃我，那是因为她有一种狂恨，她定要伤害我罢了。” + +”但是她一定爱过你的。” + +“不！唔，有时也许的。她是受我吸引的，我想就这一点也是好汽僧恨的。她有时爱我，但是转间，她便要开始苛刻我。她的最大的欲望便是苛刻我，那是没有法子使她改变的。在一开始的时候；她的意增就是反抗我的。” + +“也许那是因为她觉得你并不真正爱她，而她想使你爱她的缘故呢。” + +“老天！那是什么念头！” + +“但是你不曾真正有过她吧，是不是？这就是你给她的苦头。” + +“我有什么法子？我开始想去爱她；但是她总给我钉子碰，不，不要谈论空虚了吧，那是之动运，而她是常识，最近这些日子里，假如人家准我的话，我定把她这具有妇人形式的狂暴的东西象一头野兽似的宰了。假如，可以把她宰了的话，这一切不幸便没有了！人们真应该准许这种去恶除暴的行为。当一个女子地地给好怕固扫诉意志占着的时候，当她的固执的意志在反抗着一切的时候，那就可怖了，那就非把她杀掉不可了。” + +“而男子们呢，当他们给固扫诉意志占据着的时候，不也应该把他们杀掉么？” + +“是的！一样！……但是我得把她摆脱了，否则将向我重新追迫的。我早就想告诉你，只要可能，我必要离婚。所以我们得小心，你和我，得别让人看见在一起，假如她撞到了你我头上来的时候，我是绝对、绝对忍受不了的。” + +康妮沉思着。 + +“那么我们不能在一起了？”她说。 + +“大约在六个月脑是不能的。但是我相信我的离婚在九月间便可完成，那么得等到明年三月。” + +“但是孩子大概要在二月尾出薛尼。”她说。 + +他静默了。 + +“我愿所有克利福和白黛一流人都死尽！”他说。 + +“你对待他们并没有多大的温情呢。”她说。 + +“温情对待他们？但是对他们最温情的事也许就是绘他们一个死！他们是不能生活的！他们只知破坏生命。他们体内的灵魂是令人生怖的。死亡于他们应该是甘甜的了。人们应该准我去反他们杀尽才是！” + +“但是你决不会这样做的。”她说。 + +“我一定会！我杀他们比杀一只鼬鼠还要觉得泰然。鼬鼠还有它的孤寂的美。但是他们太多了。啊，假如我可以的话，我定要把他们杀尽。” + +“或许你还是不敢那么做的。”“唔。” + +康妮现在要想的事情多着了，无疑地他是绝对地想把白黛·古蒂斯摆脱，她觉得他是对的。最后的斗争是太可怕了。那便是说，她将孤独地生活到春天。也许她可以和克利福离婚。但是怎样？假如梅乐士的名字一提起了，那么他那方面的离婚便离不成了。多么讨厌！一个人难道不能一直走到地球的尽头，摆脱这一切么？” + +这是不可能的。现在世界的尽头，从伦敦到查宁十字街不过五分钟的距离罢了，只要有无线电，地球是没有远近的。非洲达荷美的王和西藏的喇嘛，都能听着伦敦和纽约呢。 + +忍耐吧！忍耐吧世界是个广大而可怖的机器网，若要不陷身其中，一个人得好好地小心从事。 + +康妮把心事告诉她的父亲。 + +“你知道，爸爸，他是克利福的守猎人，但是他从前是驻印度的军官。不过他是象佛罗佛斯上校似的，他愿意回到从前的阶级里去。” + +但是麦尔肯爵士对于这著名的佛罗伦斯的轻薄的神秘主义是没有好感的。他觉得在那许多的谦逊后面宣传的作用太浓厚了。这种自傲的行为一故意自抑的自傲行为，是这老爵士所最讨厌的。 + +“你的守猎人是打那里跳出来的？”麦尔肯爵士愤愤地问道。 + +“他是个达娃斯哈的矿工的儿子，但是他是个绝对不会购笑大方的人。” + +这位有爵衔的艺术家更加愤怒起来了。 + +“在我看来，这象是个打金矿的我。”他说，“而你显然是个很容易开采的金矿。” + +“不，爸爸你错了，要是你邮过他，你便知道了。他是个真男子。克利福常常厌恶他，就是因为他是毫不屈辱的人。” + +“这样看来，克利福倒有个一次不氏蝗本能了。” + +麦尔肯爵士所不能堪的，便电报人知道了他的女儿跟一个守猎人私通。这种私通他是不反对的c他只是怕外间的非议罢了。 + +“那个人怎样，我倒不管。他显然是知道怎样迷惑你的。但是天哟！想想有空的闲话吧！想想你的继母听见了时的样子吧！” + +“我知道。”康妮说，“闲话是可怕的，尤其是在上流社会里。而他呢，他是渴望着他的离婚能够成功的。我想我们也许可以说孩子是另一个人的，把梅乐士的名字完全不提。” + +“另一个人的？谁呢？” + +“或者旦肯·霍布斯”他从小就是我们的朋友，他又是个出名的艺术家，而而他喜欢我。” + +“啊，这样么！可怜的旦肯！他将得到什么好处呢？” + +“我不知道，但是那也许可以给他某种的偿吧。” + +“真的，真的么？咳，如果这样，他真是个怪物！怎么，你和他甚至从来没有发生过关系么？” + +“没有！但是他实在也不想。他只爱亲近我，但是不受接触。” + +“我的上帝，多么古怪的一代人！” + +“我最喜欢我的地方，就是做他的模特儿。不过我从来没有允许过他。” + +“可怜的家伙！但是这种没有骨气的人看来是什么都做得出的。” + +“不地穸宁愿他的名字和我的凑在一起吧？” + +“老天呀！康妮，这一切诡计！” + +“我知道！这是令人作呕的。但是我有什么办法呢？” + +“一个诡计过了又是一个诡计！我想我活利弊太久了。” + +“算了，爸爸你年轻的时候不也作过不少的诡计？” + +“但是我确实告诉你，那是不同的。” + +“老是说不同的。” + +希尔达到了，听到了这种新事态，她也狂怒着，她也一样想起人人都要知道她的妹妹和一个守猎人发生关系，她简直忍不住，那是太，太屈辱了！ + +“为什么我们不可以干脆地陷遁了，个别地跑到英属哥化比亚去，那便没有非议了？”康妮说。 + +但是那是没有用的。非议还是一样要爆发的，康妮如果要跟哪个人去，那么最好是她能嫁他。这是希尔达的意见。麦尔肯爵士犹豫着。他想也许事情还可补救吧。 + +“你将会一会他吧，爸爸？” + +可怜的麦尔肯爵士！他是毫不愿意的。可怜的梅乐士！他尤其不愿想，虽然，会见终于成了事实，那是在俱乐部的一间厢房里的午餐，只有他两个人在那儿，两只眼睛互相打量着。 + +麦尔肯爵士喝了不少的威士忌，梅乐士也喝着，他们滔滔地谈着印度，这是那年轻人所熟悉的问题。 + +这种谈话占去了全餐的时间，直至咖来了，侍仆走了，麦尔肯爵士才燃了一支雪茄诚恳地说道： + +“喂，年轻人，我女儿的事怎么样？” + +梅乐士的脸上显着苦笑。 + +“唔，先生，她的事怎么样？” + +“是你给了她一个孩子呢。” + +“这是我的光荣！，！梅乐士苦笑着说。 + +“光荣，老天爷！”麦尔肯爵士响亮地笑着说，这是苏格兰人的猥亵的笑，“光荣！哎，事情怎样？好吧，是不是？” + +“好！” + +“那是我敢打赌的！哈，哈！我的女儿的确是麦某人的女儿！我自己也一样我是从不懊悔佳妙的性交的，虽然她的母亲……啊，‘老天爷！’”他的眼睛向天炯着，“但是你使她温情起来了，啊，我看得见的，你使她温热起来了。哈，哈！我的血在她血脉里流着呢；你很知道怎样放火烧她啊！哈，哈，哈！我真高兴，我可以告诉你，她需要那个。啊，她是个好女子，她是个好女子，我早就知道只要有个知道怎样放火烧她的男子汉，她就合适了，哈，哈，一个守猎人，哎，我的孩子！你是个拿手的偷猎人！我告诉你！哈，但是，现在，说正经话吧，我们要怎样安排这事呢？说正经话吧，你知道！ + +说正经话吧，他们都摸不着什么头脑，梅乐士虽然有点醉了，但是两人中他是最清醒的一个，他尽力使谈话不至太糊涂起来，那是没有多大可说的。 + +“好，你是个守猎者！啊，你是很对的！这种猎是值得费心的！可不是么？一个女子的试金石，便是当你在她的屁股上捏一把的时候，只要摸摸她的臀儿，便知道她合适不合适。哈，哈：我羡慕你，我的孩子，你多大年纪了！” + +“三十九。” + +麦尔肯爵士扬着眉头。 + +“有这么多了？好，看你这神气，你还有好好的二十年在你面前，啊：是守猎人也罢，不是也罢，你是个好雄鸡。这个我只用一只眼睛便看得出来，不象那讨厌的克利福：一个从来没有点儿兴头的可怜虫。我喜欢你，我的孩子，我敢打赌你是有一条好鳖鱼的家伙；啊，你是只小雄鸡，一只善斗的小雄鸡，我看得出来！守猎人！哈，哈，我决不让你看守我的猎场呢！但是，说正经话吧，我们要怎样安排这事呢？世界是充满着衰老的妇人的！” + +说正经话吧，他们都毫无所措，他们俩之间只成立了一个男性肉感的亲密结合。 + +“你知道，我的孩于，我有什么地方可以帮你的话，你尽管信赖我，守猎人！基督啊！那真讨羡！我高兴极了！啊，我高兴极了，那足见我的女儿有气血。可不是么？而且，你知道，她有好人的收入，并不多，并不多，你是也就够吃了。我将把我的所有都给她继承，这是她应得的，因为他在这充满着衰老的妇人的世界里，显示了她的血气，七十年来，我挣扎着想把自己从衰老妇人的裙下解放出来，到今还没成功，但是你这人是可以成功的，我看得出来。” + +“我真高兴你这么想我。人们普通总说我是个猴子呢。” + +“啊，当然啦！我亲爱的朋友，在那些衰老妇人的眼中，你不是猴子是什么？” + +他们快乐地分手；梅乐干过后在心里整整笑了一天。 + +第二天，了在一个僻静的地方，和康妮、希尔达午餐。 + +“这种情境，面面看来都不好，真是太可惜了。”希尔达说。 + +“我却得到了不少的乐趣。”他说。 + +我以为在你们俩未有结婚生子的自由以前，是应该避免生注孩的。” + +“上帝把果实结得有点太早了。”他说。 + +“我想这不干上帝的事，自然，康妮的钱尽够你们两的生活；但是这种情境是太难忍了。” + +“但是你并不需去忍一点点儿。”他说。 + +“假如你是她那人就好了！” + +“或者，假如我是关在动物园中的一个笼里就更好了！” + +“或者，假如我是关在动物园中的一个笼里就更好了！” + +大家都静默了。 + +“我想，”希尔达说：“最好是她指另一个人做共同被告，而你完全站在局外。” + +“但是我是当事的人。” + +“我的意思是说在进行离婚诉讼的时候。” + +他惊异地凝视着她，康妮不敢对他提起借重旦肯的计划。 + +“我不明白你的意思。”他说。 + +“我们有位朋友，他大概可以答应这离婚案中，做共同被告，这一来你的名字就可以不被提起了。”希尔达说。 + +“你是说一个男子么。” + +“当然！” + +“但是她并没有另一个？……” + +他惊愕地望着康妮。 + +“不，不！”她连忙说。“他只是个老朋友，毫无爱情的。” + +“那么为传播愿肩这担子？如果他毫无所得的话？” + +“有些男子是毫侠的人，不斤斤于得到什么妇人的好处的。”希尔达说。 + +“这倒是方便呢！但是这位英雄是谁？” + +“他是我们在苏格丛从小就认识的朋友，一位艺术家。” + +“旦肯·霍布斯！”他立即说道，因为康妮对他说过旦肯的。“但是你们怎样叫他这担子？” + +“他们得共佳在什么旅馆里，或者她甚至得到他家里去。” + +“我觉得那未免小题大做起来了。”他说。 + +“除此之外，你还有什么法子呢？＞”希尔达说，“如果你的名字提起了，你和你的离婚便离不成了，你的女人似乎是怪对付的人呢。” + +“唉，这一切！”他沉郁地说。 + +他们静默了许久。 + +“我们很可以干脆一定了事。”他说。 + +“康妮却干脆走不了”希尔达说，克利福太出名了。” + +“颓丧的静默重新把三人笼罩起来。 + +“世界就是这样。如果你们想安然同居，你们便得结婚。要结婚，你俩都得先离婚。那么我们将怎样安排呢？” + +他静默了很久。 + +“你将替我人首安排呢？”他说。 + +“我们要看如果旦肯肯出名做共同被告的话，那么我们便要使克利福提出离婚，你则在你那方面进行你自己的离婚。你们俩得分开，直到你们都自由了的时候。” + +“这世界象是个疯人院。” + +“也许！但是，在世人的眼中，你的才是疯子一也许更甚呢。” + +“更甚到什么？” + +“罪犯，我想。” + +“好，我希望我还能多用几回我的巴首。”他冷笑道，说了，他默默地愤怒着。 + +“好吧！”他最后说，“我同意一切吧，这世界是个暴庚的白痴，谁也消灾不了它，但是我将尽我的力，你是对的，我们得尽力营救我们自己的。” + +他屈辱地，愤怒地，厌烦地，忧苦地望着康妮。 + +“我的小人儿！”他说，“世人要在你的屁股上加盐了。” + +“不，假如我们不屈服的话。”她说。 + +她对于反抗世界的情感比他是疏淡的。 + +探调旦肯的意思的时候，他坚持着要见见这罪人守猎者。他约定四人在他家里晚餐，旦肯是哈姆莱特一流人物，有点矮而胖，肤色暗黑，寡言笑，头发是黑而不卷，他有一种凯尔特人的古怪的虚荣心，他的作品只是些管条、瓣形、螺形线和奇异的颜色的混合物；是超现代的，可是也有某种气魄，甚至某种纯粹的形式与格调，渤梅乐士觉得这种艺术是残酷的，令人厌恶的，他不敢说出来，因为旦肯对于他的艺术的主见差不多是病态的。艺术之于他，是个人的一种崇拜，一种宗教。 + +他们在画室里看着图画，旦暖的褐色的小眼睛，总不离开梅乐士。他想知道这守猎人的意见怎样，至于康妮和希尔达的意见，他早巳知道了。 + +“那有点象纯粹的谋杀。”梅乐士终于说，这种话是旦肯所预想不到会从一个守猎人口中说出来的。 + +“被杀的是谁呢？”希尔达有点冷酷地嘲讽地问道。 + +“是我！一个人所有的恻悯心肠都被杀了。” + +这话引起了艺术家的深恨。他听出那人的声调晨带着厌恶不轻蔑。而他自己是讨厌人提起什么侧悯心肠的。那是令人厌恶的情感！ + +梅乐士站着，又高又瘦，态度疲惫，心不在焉，摇曳不定，仿佛飞蛾的飞舞，凝视着那些图画。 + +“也许是愚蠢的东西被杀了，多情的愚蠢的东西被杀了。”艺术家讥消着说。 + +“你觉得么？我觉得所有这些管条和起伏的颤动，才比什么都愚蠢，而且够多情了，我觉得它们表示着不少的自怜自叹的意味，和太多的神织持贩自尊自傲。” + +另一阵疾恨涌上心来，那艺术家的脸都黄了。但是，他静默地、高傲地把图画向着墙壁番了过去。 + +“我想我们可以到餐室里去了。”他说。 + +他们在一种沉郁的静默中离开了画室。 + +咖过后，旦肯说： + +“我毫不介意充作康妮的孩子的父亲。但是有个条件，康妮得来作我的模特儿。这是我多年的心愿，而她是一向所拒绝的。”他说这话是抱着黑暗的决心的，好象一个宣布火刑的裁判官似的。 + +“啊！”梅乐士说，“那么只在这条件之下你才肯做么？” + +“对了！非有这条件我便不做。”旦肯的话里，故意带着对梅乐士的最在的藐视。他带着有点太多了。 + +“最好是同时把我当作你的模特儿，”梅乐士说，“最好是把我们画在一起：把维娜丝和伏尔甘放在艺术的网下，我在做守猎人以前，是一个铁匠呢。” + +“谢谢！”艺术家说，“忧尔甘的尊容不合我的胃口。” + +“甚至他的容貌象管条一样，而且修饰得象新郎一案，也不合尊胃么？” + +艺术家没有回答他觉得回答起来未免降格了。 + +这次聚会就这样沉闷下去。旦肯故意不理梅乐干，他只跟两位太太谈话，而且很简短的谈话，仿佛那些字句是从他的不可思仪的忧郁的深处拔出来的一样。 + +“你不喜欢他，但是他并不是那么二泊，实在他来个好人呢。”当他们回去时，康妮解释着。 + +“他是一起伏狂乱痛挑战黑狗。”梅乐士说。 + +“真的，他今天真是不可爱。” + +“你将去作模特儿么？” + +“啊，我现在实在再也不介意了！他不会触摸我的。如果那可以完成你我的共同生活，我什么也不介意了。” + +“但是他只会在画布上把你涂些嗅粪的。”“管他！他只画他对我的感情，那我是不反对的。我决不愿他触摸我，决不，但是如果他以为用他那艺术家的枭眼瞧着我有益的话，那么，让他瞧去。他只管把我画成许多空管子和阴阳起伏。那是他的不幸。他所以恨你，是因为你说他的管子艺术是多情的，自大的，但是，当然啦，那是真的。” + + + + + +第十九章 + + +“亲爱的克利福，我恐怕你预料的事情是实现了。是的，我爱上了另一个人。我很希望你将提出离婚。---我住在旦肯的家里。我告诉过你，我们在威尼斯时曾在一块。我很替你抱憾，但是请你把这事情平心静气的看吧。你实在是不再需要我了。而我呢，回勒格贝去是件难堪的事，我是十分抱歉的，但是请你原恕我吧，请你提出离婚，而另找个比我更好的人吧、我实在不是你所需要的人，我认为我是太无忍耐性，太自私了，我决不能回去和你同居了。一切我是替你觉得非常抱歉的，但是如果你平心静气地看这事情，你当知道这并不是那么可怖的事，对我个人来说，你实在并不真正在乎我，那么，请你原谅我而抛弃我吧。” + +在克利福的内心里，其实是不惊讶这么一封信的来到的。他的心中老早就知道她要离开他。但是外表上，他是绝对不愿承认的。所以，在外表上看来，这封信给了他一个最可怖的打击，因为他对于她的信任的外层是一向平静的。 + +我们大家不都一样么？我们用意志的力量，去强制着内在的直觉的东西不表露出来，一旦这种强制失效了的时候，便造成了一种恐怖的状态。于是打击之来，便十倍难受了。 + +克利福象个患歇斯底里症的孩子，他狞恶地、失神地在床上坐起来，把波太太吓着了。” + +“怎么，克利福男爵，你怎么了？” + +没有回答！她害怕他病势发作了，慌忙地摸摸他的脸，探探他的脉。 + +“什么地方疼痛么？告诉我什么地方疼痛，请你告诉我吧！” + +没有回答！ + +“老天老天！那么我要打电话到雪非尔德叫加凌东医生，我请勒基医生马上来。” + +她正向门边越过去时，听见他的重浊的声音说： + +“不！”她停住了，凝视着他，他的脸是黄的，失神的，象个白痴的脸。 + +“你是要我不要找医生么？” + +“是的！我不需要医生。”他的幽冥的声音说。 + +“但是，克利福男爵哟，你是病了，我可不敢负这责任。我得叫医生来，否则人们要责备我的。” + +停了一会，然后那重浊的声音说： + +“我没有病，我的女人不回来了。”---这仿佛是石像在说。 + +“不回来了？你是说夫人么？波太太走近床边说，“啊，别相信这话，你放心，夫人是一定会回来的。” + +床上的石像依旧不动，只是把一封信在被单上推了过来。 + +“读吧！”幽冥的声音说。 + +“这是夫人的信，我确信夫人是不愿我看她写给你的信的，克利福男爵，如果你愿意的话，请你告诉我什么好了。” + +“读吧！”那声音重新说道。 + +“好吧，克利福男爵，这是我顺从你啊。”她说。 + +她读了那封信。 + +“唔，太太真使我奇怪，”她说，“她曾那么忠实地答应回来的！” + +床上那只脸孔上的粗野的但是失神的表情似乎加深了，波太太不安地望着他，她知道她所要对付是什么；男性的歇斯底里，这种讨厌的病，她从前在看护士兵的时候，已经验过多少了。 + +她有点讨厌克利福男爵，无论哪个头胸清醒的男子，都应该知道他的女人爱上了别人而要离开他了。虽然她也知道，克利福的内心里是绝对明白的，不过他不肯承认罢了，假如他承认了它而作某种准备，假如他承认了它而与他的女人尽力避克这种事变，那才算是大丈夫的行为，但是不然！他明明知道，却又老是瞒阂自己说事情并非如此，他明明觉得恶魔在扭着他的尾巴！却又装模作佯说是那是使向他微笑，这种虚伪的情境，引出了现在这种虚伪的脱血病的发作：歇斯底里，这是癫狂的一种形式，她心里有点恨恨地想道：“所以有这种事情，都是因为他太想自己了，他全副心神都在想他的不死的自我，于是当打击一来的时候，他便象是在自己的绷带里绞结着的木乃伊，瞧瞧他！” + +但是歇斯底里是危险的，她是个看护，去拯救他，那是她的义务，想把他的大丈夫气与自尊心鼓舞起来，那只是于他有损无益的，因为他的大丈夫气已死了一如果不是地，那么至少是暂时地，他只会象一只虫子似地越卷越软，越挣扎越脱血的。 + +唯一可做的事情是解放他的自怜心。好象丁尼生笔下的贵妇一般，他得痛哭一场，否则，他定要一命鸣呼了。 + +于是波太太开始先哭起来，她用手掩着脸孔，舞舞噎噎地哭着。“我从没有想到夫人竟做得出来，我从没有想到！”她鸣咽着说。她突然亿起了她往日所是的忧苦悲伤，眼泪为她自己的不幸而流了，一经开始了，她的眼泪是真切的，因为她有她自己的林哭的事情。 + +克利福想着他怎样给这妇人康妮所背叛，而且波太太的悉苦传染了他，不禁泪水盈盈，而开始流了下来，他是为自己而哭的，彼太太看见了他的失神的脸上流着眼泪时，忙用小手绢揩干她自己的两颊，向他斜倾着。“不要烦恼，克利福男爵！”他在一种强烈的感动中说，“不要烦恼吧，不，那于你是有害的。” + +他忍下了一声呜咽，身体颤抖起来，脸上的泪流得更急了，她的手放在他的臀上，她自己的泪又流起来，他重新颤抖着，好象痉挛似的，她把手臂绕着他的肩膊。“好了，好了！不要烦恼了！不，不要烦恼了！”她一边流泪，一边悲哀地对他说。她把他引近着她，她的两臂环绕着他的宽大的肩膊；他的脸依在她的胸膛上呜咽着，震动着他的宽大的肩膊，同时她温柔地爱抚着他的头发说：“好了！好了！好了！别发愁了！别发愁了！” + +他把两臂楼抱着她，好象孩子似地偎依着她，他的眼泪把她浆三蝗白围裙和浅蓝色的衣裳弄湿了。他终于把自己完全放任了。 + +过了一会，她吻着他，把他在她怀里摇着。她的心里说：“啊，克利福里男爵哟，网！作威作福的查太莱哟！你终于到了这步田地了！”最后，他甚至象孩于似地人曰了。她觉得疲乏极了，回到她的房里去，笑着又哭着，她也给她自己的歇斯底里所占据了。多可笑！多可怕！这么一个下场！多可耻！而且是多混掩！。 + +以后，克利福对于波太太变成小孩一般了。他有时握着她的手，把他的头依在她的胸怀里。当她轻轻地吻了吻他时，他说：“是的！吻我吧！吻我吧！”当她用海绵洗涤他雄伟的身体时，他也一样要说：吻我吧！”好让她随便在他身上的什么地方，半打趣地轻吻着。 + +他的脸孔怪异地，失神地，象一个孩子那样惊愕地躺在床上，他有时用他的孩子似的大眼睛凝视她，沉溺在一种圣母的崇拜里。他完全沉溺了，所有他的大丈夫气都抛弃了。堕落地返回孩童状态了。他的手有时要放在她的怀里，触摸着她的乳房，在那里热烈地吻着，这是一种自以为孩子的人的堕落的热烈。 + +波太太觉得又喜悦又害羞，又爱又恨。可是她从不推却他和斥责他。他们之间在肉体上更亲近了。这种堕落的亲近，使他成为一个似乎天真的孩子，惊异错愕得好象一种宗教的热：这是“除非您再成了小孩的堕落的真切的表觉她呢，却是富有权力的伟大圣母，把这大孩子完全慑服在她的意志与怜爱之下。 + +奇异的是当这个变成了大孩子的克利福---几年来他就渐渐地变成了孩子了一到外界去时，他竟比从前锐利而灵敏得多了。这个堕落的大孩子，现在是个真正的事业家了，如果有关他的利益的问题来了的时候，他是个绝对的男性，锐利得象一根针，坚固得象一块钢，当他和其男子在一块的时候，对于人的目的物的造求上，对于他的煤矿业的发展上，他有一种差不多神秘的狡黠、刻薄和动用自如的力量，那仿佛是他自己的忍受性和他的卖身于伟大圣线了他一种对于物质问题的敏锐观察，赋予他一种超人的力量。他的沉经济效益与私情，和他的大丈夫气的完全消失，似乎给了他一种冷酷的，差不多幻像的，适于事业的第二天性。在事业上，他确实是超人的。 + +在这一点上，波太太是得意扬扬的，她有时骄傲地对她自己说：“他是多么得手了！这都是我一手做成的！老实说，他和查太莱男爵夫人的时候是从来没有这么得手过的。她不是一种能够推进男人的人，她太为她自己着想了。” + +同时，在她的古怪的、女性的灵魂的某一角落里，她多么轻蔑他，憎恶他！在她看来，他是个倒仆了的野兽，只会动的怪物，她一边竭力地帮助他，鼓舞他，一边却在他经日的健全女性的最深最远处，残酷地、无限地轻蔑他，她觉得一个最卑下的流氓都胜他一筹。 + +克利福对于康妮的态度是奇怪的。他坚持着要再见他一面；他尤其坚持着要她到勒格贝来；这一点他是决定性的，绝对不可动摇的。因为康妮曾经忠实地答应回勒格贝来的。 + +“那有什么用呢？”波太太说，“难道你不能让她走，摆脱她么？” + +“不！她说过她要回来，她便得回来。” + +波太太不再反对他了。她知道她对付着是什么。 + +我不用告诉你的信对我的影响怎样，如果你肯替我想象一下，你也许可以想象出来；不过无疑地你是不愿劳驾替我一想的。 + +我的回答只有这一句：在我决定什么以前，我定要在勒格贝这儿亲自见你一面，你曾忠实地答应回勒格贝来，你得履行这个允诺，我非在这儿和往常一样亲自见你之后，我不能相信什么，或明白什么。不用说，这边没有人狐疑什么，所以你的归来是自然的，待我们继谈过后，如果你还觉得主意不变，那么无纤疑地我们是可以找个解决办法的。 + +康妮把这封信给梅乐士看。 + +“他想开始报复了。”他一边说，一迅把信交还她。 + +康妮默默无言。她有点惊异，为什么她怕起克利福来了，她怕到他那里去，她怕他，仿佛他是个危险的恶人。 + +“我怎么好呢？”她说。 + +“不要管他，如果你不愿意。” + +她回了封信给克利福，想推辞这个会见，他复信说：如果你现在不回勒格贝来，我将判断你总有一天要回来的，我便依这判断行事，我将继续在这儿等候你，等五十年也成。 + +她被吓住了。这是一种阴险的威吓手段，她很知道他是这么说便这么做的。他将不提出离婚，于是孩子便要成为他的，除非她有证明不是。 + +经过一番忧苦焦虎过后，她决定请希尔达陷她到勒格贝去。她把这个决定通知克利福，他回信说： + +我不欢迎人的筋姊，但是我也不绝以闭门羹。毫无疑义，你的 + +背弃义务与责任是她怂恿的，那么请你不要以为我将有一副笑脸 + +去见她。 + +她们到勒格贝时，适值克利福出去了，波太大出来迎接她们。 + +“呵，夫人！这并不是我们所期望的‘欣然归来’啊！”她说。 + +“可不是！”康妮说。 + +“原来这妇人知道了！不知道其他的仆人知道多小，猜疑我小了呢？” + +她进了大门，现在这屋于是她恨之入骨的了，这种宽大散漫的地方，好象是个险恶的东西在她头上威吓着。她现在不是它的主妇，而是它的受难者了。 + +“我不能在此久留。”她恐怖地对希尔达低语道。 + +她很难过地进到她寝室里去，重新占有了这间房子，仿佛没有发生过什么事似的！在勒格贝四壁内的每一分钟，她感觉得憎恶。 + +直至她们下楼去晚餐的时候才会着克利福，他穿了晚服，结下了一条黑领带，他态度拘谨显得狠绅士的样子，在席间，他是十足文雅的，引领着一种文雅的谈话，可是一切都象带着一种狂昧。 + +“仆人们都知道了么？”当女仆出去了时，康妮问道。 + +“你的事么？一点也不知道。” + +“但是波太太却知道了。” + +他的颜色变了。 + +“正确地说，波太太并不是个仆人呢。”他说。 + +“啊，那我无所谓的。” + +咖啡过后，当希尔达说要回房里去时，情势紧张起来了。 + +她走后，克利福和康妮静坐着，两个人都不愿开口。康妮见他并不激动感情，心中倒觉舒泰。她竭力使他守着这种高傲的神气，她只静坐着，低头望着自己的两手。 + +“我想你可以把你的话收吧？”他终于开口了。 + +“我可不能。”她喃喃地说。 + +“但是你不能，谁能呢？” + +“我想没有人能。” + +他怪冷酷地、狂怒地望着她。他是习愤了她的人，她可以说是他的生命和意志的一部分，她现在怎么胆敢对他失信，而把他日常生活的组织破坏了？她怎么胆敢把他的人格摇动了！ + +“什么原因使你叛背一切？”他坚持着说。 + +“爱情！”她说，还是说这句老话为妙。 + +“对旦肯·霍布斯的爱情？但是当你见到我的时候，你不觉得那是值得的吧？你不是想使我相信你爱他甚于一切吧！” + +“一个人是要变的。”她说。 + +“也许！也许你是反复的。可是你还得使我确信这种变迁的重要。我简直不能相信你爱旦肯·堆布斯。” + +“为什么你定要相信呢？你只要提出离婚，而不必相信我的感情。” + +“为什么我定要提出离婚？” + +“因为我不愿再在这儿生活了。而你实在也不需要我了。” + +“你错了！我是不变的，在我这方面看来，你既是我的妻，我便愿你高贵地、安静地住在我的家里。一切感情的问题搁一在边一我确告你，我这方面搁开了不少，我觉得仅仅为了你的反复，便把勒格贝这儿的生活秩序破坏，便把这高尚的日常生活打碎，于我那是死一般难的。” + +静默了一会，她说： + +“我没有法子。我一定得离开，我想我要有个孩子了。” + +他也静默了一会，然后说： + +“是为了孩子的缘故你才要走么？” + +她点了点头。 + +“为什么？难道旦肯·布斯这样重视他的小生命？” + +“无纤疑地比你重视。”她说。 + +“但是我告诉你，我需要我的妻了，我不觉得有什么让她走的理由。要是她喜欢在我家里生个孩子，我不觉得有什么不便，而孩于是受欢迎；只要合理而尊重生活的秩序，你想告诉我旦肯·霍布斯对你的魔力较大么？我不相信。” + +他沉默了一会。 + +“但是你不明白，”康妮说，“我一定要离开你，我一定要和我所爱的人生活去。” + +“真的，我不明白！我毫不相信你的爱和你的爱人，我不相信这种胡言乱语。” + +“也许，但是我确相信。” + +“是么？我亲爱的太太，你没有这么愚蠢去相信人对旦肯的爱情的。相信我吧，即在此刻，你还是比较爱我呢，那么为什么我要去相信这种荒唐的故事！” + +她觉得他的话是对的！她忍不住要对他和盘托出来了。 + +“我真正爱的并不是旦肯。”她仰望着他说，“我们说是旦肯，为的是要不伤你的感情。” + +“不伤我的感情？ + +“是的！因为我真正钟爱的人。是要使你憎恨我的，他是梅乐士先生，我们往日的守猎人。” + +假如他可以的话，他一定从椅子里跳出来了，他的脸色变黄了。他凝视着她，他的眼睛象大难临头似的突了出来。 + +然后他倒在椅子里，喘着气，两眼朝着天花板。 + +然后．他坐了起来。 + +“你说的是真话么？”他样子很可怖地问道。 + +“是的，你知道我说的是真话。” + +“那是什么时候开始的？” + +“春天。” + +他静默着，象一只坠入陷阱里的兽。 + +“以，在村舍寝室里的就是你么？” + +原来他的内心里早就晓得了。 + +“是的！” + +他依旧在他椅子里向前弯着身，象一只陷于绝境的野兽似地凝视着她。 + +“天哪！你这种人真应该人大地上歼灭！” + +“为什么？”她喃喃地说。 + +但是他好象没有听见她。 + +“那贱东西！那鲁莽下流！那卑鄙无赖！你在这儿的时候，竟和他发生了关系，和我的一个仆人发生关系！天！天哪！女人的下贱究竟有没有止境！” + +她愤怒极了，这是她所预料的。 + +“你竞要这么一个无赖的汉的孩子么？” + +“是的！我等待着。” + +“你等待着！你的确相信么？从什么时候起你的确相信？” + +“从六月起。” + +他夫言了，他的样子又象个孩子那么惊异而失神了。 + +“真怪，”他最后说，“这么一种人也容许生在世上。” + +“什么一种人？”她问道。 + +他神秘地望着她，没有回答。显然他不能承认梅乐士的存在，而与他没有任何关系，那是绝对的、不能言宣的、无力的憎恨。 + +“你有意要嫁他么？……接受他的秽名么？”他终于问道。 + +“是的，那是我所欲望的。” + +他又目瞪口呆了。 + +“是的！”那最后说，“那证明我一向对你的想法没有错；你是变态的，你是狂妄的，你是一种半癫狂的堕落女了，你一定要追逐污浊的东西，‘没有烂泥便要发愁的’。” + +突然，他差不多成为狂热的道德家了。他觉得自己是善的化身。而梅乐士、康妮这种人，是贱与恶的化身，他好象头上罩了圣光似的飘飘然了。 + +“那么，你还是离了婚把我丢弃了吧？”她说。 + +“不！你要到那里去，你尽管去，但害我却不提出离婚。”他痴呆地说。 + +“为什么不？” + +他静默着，象一个呆子似的，执锄地静默着。 + +“你竟要承认你这孩于是你的合法的孩子和继承人么？”她说。 + +“我毫不关心孩子么。” + +“但是如果他是个男孩那么他将成为你的合法孩子，他将继承你的爵位和这勒格贝啊。” + +“我毫不关心这一切。”他说。 + +“但是你不得不关心！我将竭我的力量不使这孩子成为你的合法孩子，我宁愿他是个私生儿，而属于我一倘然他不能属于梅乐士。” + +“你喜欢怎样做就怎样做。” + +他的态度是不变的。 + +“但是为什么不离婚？”她说，“你可以拿旦肯做个借口，真正的名字是必提出的，而旦肯也同意了。” + +“我决不提出离婚。”他执意说，好象已经钉了一日钉似的。 + +“但是为什么？因我是我要求的么？” + +“因为我照我的意向而行，而我的意向是不想离婚。” + +再谈也无益了。她回到楼去，把这结果告诉希尔达。 + +“我们最好明天走吧，让他静静地神智清醒起来。”希尔达说。 + +这样，康妮把她私人的东西收拾了半夜。第二天早上，她把她的箱子叫人送到车站去，也没有告诉克利福。她决意只在午餐前去见他道别。 + +但是她对波太太说： + +“我得和你道别了，波太太，你知道什么缘故。，但是我相信你不会对人说的。” + +“啊，相信我吧，夫人，唉！我们大家都难受得很，的确。但是我希望你和那位先生将来幸福。” + +“那位先生！那便是梅乐士先生，我爱他。克利福男爵知道的。但是别对人说，假如那天你以为克利福男爵愿意离婚时，让我知道吧，好不好？我愿我能好好地和我所爱的人结婚呢。” + +“我自然啦，夫人！啊，一切都信任我吧，我将尽忠于克利福男爵，我也将尽忠于您，因为我明白你们双方都是对的。” + +“谢谢你！波太太！我接受我这点谢忱——可以吗？” + +于是康妮重新离开勒格贝，和希尔达到苏格兰去了。梅乐士呢，他已经在一个农场里找到了工作，到乡间去了，他的计划是，无论康妮能否离婚，但他是要离婚的一如果可能。他要在农场里作六个月的工，这样，以后他和康妮或可有个他们自己的小农场，那么他的精力便有用处了。因为他得工作，甚至是劳苦的工作。他得谋自己的生活；甚至康妮有钱帮助他开始。 + +这样，他们得等着，等到春天，等到孩子出世，等到初夏再来的时候。 + +吉兰治农场，九月二十九日书。 + +经过一番进行后，我在这儿找到工作了，因为我在军队里的时候认识里查土，他现在是公司里的工程师。这农场是属于拔拉·斯登煤矿公司的，他们在这几种植刍袜和燕麦，以供给煤矿里工作的小马的食料，这并不是个私人的农场。但是他们还有牛、猪和其他一切，我的工资是每星期三十先令，农场的管理人罗莱，尽量给我种种不同的工作，这样，我从现在到复活节间可以尽量的学习。白黛的消息我毫无所闻。我不知道为什么她在离婚案中不出面；我更不知道她在哪儿和弄什么鬼。但是，如果我静默地忍耐到三月，我想我便可以自由了。而你呢，不要为了克利福的事而烦恼，最近总有一天他要摆脱你的。如果他不纠缠你，那已经是太好了。 + +我寄寓在一个很不错的老村舍里。居停主人是个海帕克的机关手，身材高大，长着一贪胡须，是个很信教的人。他的女人是有点象鸟儿的那种人，她喜欢一切上流东西和文雅的英语，满口都是“请允洗！”可是他们的唯—儿子大战中丢了命，这仿佛在他们中间凿了一个洞。还有一位是他们的高大的傻女儿，她准备着将来做个小学教员，我有时帮她预备功课，所以我是俨然家庭一分子了。但是他们都是正直的人，而且对我是太好了。我想我是比你更受人姑息了。 + +农场的工作我倒还喜欢。这种工作虽不律津有味，但我并不求津津有味。我是习惯于马的人；乳牛虽则是很女性的东西，可是对我有一种镇静的作用。当然捋关奶的时候，我坐着把头依在它的身上，我觉得很是解闷。这儿有六条希尔福来的够漂亮的乳牛。我们刚把燕麦收获完了。虽然天下着雨，而且两手受了不少的伤，却给了我乐趣。我不太关心这儿的人，但是我和他们倒还合得来。有许多东西是人们最好不理的。 + +矿业很萧条了。这儿是个煤矿区，和达娃斯哈一样，但是地方倒好些。有时我到酒店里和工人们谈叙起来，他们都怨声满口，但是他们决意不去变更什么，大家都说，诺特斯。代贝的矿工们氦都在适当的位置，但是在这种不需要他们的世界里，他们的心以外的其他生理部分，一定是在不适当的位置了，我喜欢他们，但是他们是不太令人激励的；他们缺少老雄鸡的斗争精神。他们大谈国有义，利益国有和全部工业国有等等。但是你不能只把煤矿国有，而其他的工业听其自然，他们说要给煤炭找些新的用途，这和克利福男爵的想法一样。在局部也许可以成功，但是在全国、全世界都成功却是疑问了。不管你把煤炭变成什么，你总得有个销路才行。工人们都是很冷淡的。他们觉得什么都没有救药了。这一点我是相信的。于是他们自己也跟着不可救药了。其中有些年轻的人，佩佩而谈要一个苏维埃，但是他们自己却没有什么确信。他们除了确信一切都是黑漆一团以外，再没有对什么的克确信了，即使在一个苏维埃之下，煤炭还是要卖的，困难便在这里了。 + +我们既有了这庞大的工业群众，而他们又非吃饭不可，所以这该死的把戏就得将就演下去。妇女们现在比男子们更其絮絮不休，而且她们的看法更有把握。男子们是软弱的，他们觉得灾祸将临，于是他们苟且将事，仿佛毫无办法。大家尽管讲来讲去，却没有人知道怎么样年轻的癫狂起来，因为他们没有钱花了。他们的整个生命就是花钱，现在他们没有钱可花了。我们的文明和我们的教育便是这样：叫群众为花钱而生活，然后金钱便流出来了。煤坑晨现在一星期只作两天、两天半的工了，而又没有转好的征兆，即使冬天来了也不见得会好转。二十五到三十先令的工钱，怎么养活一家人呢？妇女们是最癫狂的，而我们今日花钱是癫狂的，也算是她们。 + +你想对他们说生活和花钱是不同的事么！那是徒劳的。假如他们所受的是生活的教育，而不是找钱的花的教育，那么二十五个先令对于他们也就可以快活够用了。假如男子们如我说的都穿上了紧身红裤子，那么他们便不会那么想钱了。假如他们可以舞蹈，跳跃，狂歌，高视阔步，而且漂亮起来，那么腰包虽很瘦，他们也可以满足了。假如他们知道享受女人的福，而让女人也享受他们的福，那就好了！他们应该学习怎样使自己赤裸裸无畏和漂亮起来，怎样唱合唱的歌和跳那旧日的合跳的舞，怎样雕刻他们所坐的凳子和刺绣他们自己的标识。那时他们便不需要金钱了。这是解决工业问题的唯一方法：教练人民生活，在美中生活，而不需花钱，但这是不可能的。我们今日都是智力有限的人，而广大的群众连思想也不应该，因为他们不能思想。他们应该生动、活泼，而崇拜伟大的自然神潘(pan)，只有他才永久是群众之神。少数的人，如果他们喜欢的话，尽可另有更高等的崇拜。但是让群众是些异端吧。 + +但是矿工们却不是些异端，他们不配。他们是一群半死的可怜虫：他们对于他们的女人毫无生气，对于生命毫无生气。年轻的一有机会便带些女人坐摩托单车兜风、跳舞，但是他们从头到脚都死了。而且那是要钱的事，钱这东西，你有了的时候，它便毒害你；你没收有的时候，它便饿死你。 + +这一切一定使你觉得厌烦起来，可是我不愿多说我自己的事，而我也没有什么事可产，我的心不愿多说我自己的事，而我也没有什么事可说。我的心不愿多想你，那不过使我们两人更觉茫无头绪罢了，介理，不用说，我现在的生命之目的，便是你和我同居。实在我是惧怕的。我觉得恶魔在空中，他将度图把我们捉住。或者这不是恶魔，而是贪财鬼。这鬼不是旁的，我想只是贪钱而厌生的群众之总意志罢了。总之，我觉和量些粗大的贪婪的白手在空中，想把任何努力生活，努力摆脱金钱的束缚而生活的人的咽喉扼着，把你的老命挤了出来。坏日子就要来了。坏日子就要来了，朋友们，坏日子就要来了！如果事情照这样下去，这些工业群众的将来，便只有死与毁灭。我有时觉得我的心肠都化成水了，而你却正等待着一个我的孩子！但是不要紧。世界过去的所有坏日子，都不能把人的心花摧毁，甚至没有摧毁女子的爱情，所以我对你的欲望和你我间的小光明，也不会被摧毁的。明年我们便要在一块了。虽然我惧怕，但是我相信你我终必结合的，一个得竭力抵抗挣扎以后，才能相信什么事物。一个人对于将来的唯一的保证，便信他自己有最好的东西和它的权力。那么我相信我们间的小火把。现在，在我看来，这是世界上唯一的东西了。我没有朋友，没有知已的朋友。只有你。现在，那小火把是我生命中唯一在怀的东西了。至于孩子呢，那是旁枝末叶。你与我间的那把熊熊之火，便是我的“圣灵降临”人们往日所信的“圣灵降临”是不太对的。“我”与“上帝”这无论如何是有点傲慢的。但是你与我间的熊小火，那便是可持的东西了！那便是我所坚持的，而且要坚持到底的，管他什么克利宝和白黛，煤矿公司和政府，以及追逐金钱的群众。 + +这便是此刻我不欲多想你的缘故。那只使我痛苦，而且无益，你的无离我，是我所难受的。但是如果我开始烦闷起来，什么东西梗要耗损了。忍耐吧，不折不扣地忍耐吧！不久便要到我的第四二冬天了。我过去的所有冬天是在无可奈何中过去了。但是这个冬天，我要坚依着我的“圣灵降临”的小火把而尝点和平滋味。我将不让世人的气息把它吹熄。我信仰一种微妙的神秘，这种神秘是不让人摧毁心花的。虽然你在格兰而我在米德兰，虽然我不能把你拥在怀中，夹在两腿间，但是我心里却有你在。我的灵魂温柔地在“圣灵降临”的小火把中，和你一起翱翔着，这好象是性交时的和平一样。我们在性交的时候，便产生了那种火焰。即使植物的花，也是由太阳与大地相交而产生的。但这是不易的事情，需要忍与长久的等待。 + +因此，我现在爱贞洁了，因为那是从性交中产生出来的和平。现在，我觉得能守贞洁是可爱的了。我爱这贞洁和雪花之爱雪一样。我爱这贞洁，它是我们的性交和和平的静顿，它在我们中间，好象一朵熊熊白火似的雪花。当正的春天来了的时候，当我们相聚之日来到了的时候，那时我们全炯以在性交之中使那小小的火把光辉起来，鲜真艳而光辉起来。 + +但不是现在，时候还没有到！现在是守贞洁的时候，能守贞洁是多么佳妙，那象是一条清凉的河水在我的灵魂里流着、我爱贞洁，它现在在我们间流荡着。它象新鲜的水和雨水。男子们怎么能够丑恶地调情泛爱。唐磺是个多么可怜的人，在性交之后，不能赢得和平，小火把无力地燃着，而不能在他镇静的过度期间一象在一条河边似的一贞洁起来。 + +好了，说了不少的话了，这都是为了我不能触摸你！假如我能够把你抱在臂里共枕而眠，这斑斑的墨迹便不会黑在这纸上了！我们可以在一起守着贞洁，正如我们在一起性交一样，但我们不得不发离一些时日，而我以为这是最明哲的道路。只要我们能够确信就好了。 + +但是不要紧，不要紧，不要苦恼我们自己。我们实在信任那小火把，我们信任庇护这火把不至熄灭的无名的上帝。我的心里不知有多少的你，真的，可惜就是你不全部在这儿。 + +不要怕克利福，如果他守着静默不要怕，他实在不能伤害你。等待吧，他终要摆脱你，终要把你抛弃，假如他不的话，我们总有方法无祁他的。但是，他终要摆脱你的。他终要把你象一个可恶的东西似地吐了出来的。 + +现在我愈写愈不能尽了。 + +但是我们的大部分是连在一起的。我们只要坚持着，准备着我们不无宾相聚。约翰·多马士向珍奴夫人道晚安，头有点低垂着，但是心是充满着希望的。 + + + +TXT小说天堂 https://www.xstt5.com，最有文艺气息的文学网站，我们提供给您的小说不求最多，但求最经典最完整 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/shakespeare-zh-en-1000.txt b/data/shakespeare-zh-en-1000.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..80a5641c6b12721658621b0d2e4b3fc34f471696 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/shakespeare-zh-en-1000.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1000 @@ +总目录 +暴风雨莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +维洛那二绅士莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +快乐的温莎巧妇莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +一报还一报莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +错误的喜剧莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +无事生非莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +爱的徒劳莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +仲夏夜之梦莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +威尼斯商人莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +皆大欢喜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +驯悍记莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +终成眷属莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +第十二夜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +冬天的故事莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +科利奥兰纳斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +罗密欧与朱丽叶莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +雅典的泰门莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +尤力乌斯·凯撒莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +麦克白莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +哈姆莱特莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +李尔王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +奥瑟罗莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +辛白林莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +约翰王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查二世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利五世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世中莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查三世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利八世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰尔亲王佩力克里斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +两贵亲莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +莎士比亚诗集莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +Copyright © Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2016 +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. +本书版权由外语教学与研究出版社独家所有。如未获得该社书面同意书中任何部分之文字及图片不得用任何方式抄袭、节录、翻印或存储利用于任何数据库及检索系统等。 +Published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press +No. 19 Xisanhuan Beilu +Beijing, China 100089 +http://www.fltrp.com +京权图字01-2015-5979 +The Tempest +Copyright©The Royal Shakespeare Company, 2007 +All rights reserved +Published by arrangement with Random House, an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc. +图书在版编目CIP数据 +暴风雨英汉对照英莎士比亚Shakespeare, W.著彭镜禧译—北京外语教学与研究出版社2016.3 +莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本辜正坤等主编 +书名原文The Tempest +ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +I①暴…　II①莎…　②彭…　III①英语汉语对照读物　②多幕剧剧本英国中世纪　IV① H319.4I +中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字2016第055784号 +出版人　　蔡剑峰 +项目负责　姚　虹　李　云 +责任编辑　文雪琴 +封面设计　奇文云海　设计顾问 +出版发行　外语教学与研究出版社 +社　　址　北京市西三环北路19号100089 +网　　址　http://www.fltrp.com +版　　次　2016年4月第1版 +书　　号　ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +凡侵权、盗版书籍线索请联系我社法律事务部 +举报电话01088817519 +电子邮箱banquan@fltrp.com +法律顾问立方律师事务所　刘旭东律师 +　　　　　中咨律师事务所　殷　斌律师 +目　录 +出版说明 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +《暴风雨》导言 +暴风雨 +宁静中的暴风雨——译后记 +Introduction to The Tempest +The Tempest +User's Guide +返回总目录 +·1623年历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本First Folio由莎士比亚的演员同僚们结集出版。 +·2007年英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company邀约当今世界顶级莎学专家乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate和埃里克·拉斯姆森Eric Rasmussen对第一对开本进行了三百多年来的首次全面修订推出了新版《莎士比亚全集》。 +·2015年外语教学与研究出版社以上述新版《莎士比亚全集》为蓝本特邀当今华语翻译界和莎学界知名学者将流传下来的莎士比亚全部作品进行全新重译遂有此集。 +出版说明 +1623年莎士比亚的演员同僚们倾注心血结集出版了历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本这是三百多年来许多导演和演员最为钟爱的莎士比亚文本。2007年由英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company推出的《莎士比亚全集》则是对第一对开本首次全面的修订。 +本套《莎士比亚全集》新汉译本正是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》翻译而成。为了让读者在阅读译本的时候也能够了解到原版的辑注风格与成果也为了方便对照查阅出版者在版式呈现上尽量遵照原版译本的凡例说明如下 +一、文体剧文有诗体和散体之分。在英文行文中诗行的标志是未及最右行末即转行且每行的首字母大写。文字连排直至最右行末转行的则为散体。中文译文对此均遵照原版处理。 +二、舞台提示 +1角色的上场与下场。在对开本中角色的上场、下场标示比较完备原版编辑者亦尽量忠实地予以了保留。在缺漏或需作订正的地方以方括号进行标注如[and Attendants]。中文译文在处理上对应英文保留了同样的标注如[及众侍从]。 +2其他舞台提示。表示其他舞台活动、改变说活对象、旁白等的舞台提示在对开本中很少出现大多为当代编辑者所添加。皇家版编辑者试图将这类指导性的directorial提示与对开本式的Folio-style提示区分开来前者置于每页最右侧采用了另一种字体当然对这种提示类型的判断存在主观的因素。有时亦有不确定的情形出现于是编辑者给予了允许选择的提示如Aside旁白表示某行剧文既可作为旁白亦可当作对话又如某个舞台活动置于箭头↓↓之间表示它可发生在一场戏中的多个不同时刻。中文译文亦遵照原版处理。 +愿广大读者在品味译者的佳文时亦体验到辑注的精审想必会有一番意想不到的新收获。 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +辜正坤 +他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。 +这是英国大作家本·琼森Ben Jonson在第一部《莎士比亚全集》Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies, 1623扉页上题诗中的诗行。三百多年来莎士比亚在全球逐步成为一个家喻户晓的名字似乎与这句预言在在呼应。但这并非偶然言中有许多因素可以解释莎士比亚这一巨大的文化现象产生的必然性。最关键的至少有下面几点。 +首先其作品内容具有惊人的多样性。世界上很难有第二个作家像莎士比亚这样能够驾驭如此广阔的题材。他的作品内容几乎无所不包称得上英国社会的百科全书。帝王将相、走卒凡夫、才子佳人、恶棍屠夫……一切社会阶层都展现于他的笔底。从海上到陆地从宫廷到民间从国际到国内从灵界到凡尘……笔锋所指无处不至。悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、传奇剧叙事诗、抒情诗……都成为他显示天才的文学样式。从哲理的韵味到浪漫的爱情从盘根错节的叙述到一唱三叹的诗思波涛汹涌的情怀妙夺天工的笔触凡开卷展读者无不为之拊掌称绝。即使只从莎士比亚使用过的海量英语词汇来看也令人产生仰之弥高的感觉。德国语言学家马克斯·缪勒Max Müller原以为莎士比亚使用过的词汇最多为15,000个事后证明这当然是小看了语言大师的词汇储藏量。美国教授爱德华·霍尔登Edward Holden经过一番考察后认为至少达24,000个。可是他哪里知道这依然是一种低估。有学者甚至声称用电脑检索出莎士比亚用的词汇多达43,566个当然这些数据还不是莎士比亚作品之所以产生空前影响的关键因素。 +其次但也许是更重要的原因他的作品具有极高的娱乐性。文学作品的生命力在于它能寓教于乐。莎士比亚的作品不是枯燥的说教而是能够给予读者或观众极大艺术享受的娱乐性创造物往往具有明显的煽情效果有意刺激人的欲望。这种艺术取向当然不是纯粹为了娱乐而娱乐掩藏在背后的是当时西方人强有力的人本主义精神即用以人为本的价值观来对抗欧洲上千年来以神为本的宗教价值观。重欲望、重娱乐的人本主义倾向明显对重神灵、重禁欲的神本主义产生了极大的挑战。当然莎士比亚的人本主义与中国古人所主张的人本主义有很大的区别。要而言之前者在相当大的程度上肯定了人的本能欲望或原始欲望的正当性而后者则主要强调以人的仁爱为本规范人类社会秩序的高尚的道德要求。二者都具有娱乐效果但前者具有纵欲性或开放性娱乐效果后者则具有节欲性或适度自律性娱乐效果。换句话说对于16、17世纪的西方人来说莎士比亚的作品暗中契合了试图挣脱过分禁欲的宗教教义的约束而走向个性解放的千百万西方人的娱乐追求因此它会取得巨大成功是势所必然的。 +第三时势造英雄。人类其实从来不缺善于煽情的作手或视野宏阔的巨匠缺的常常是时势和机遇。莎士比亚的时代恰恰是英国文艺复兴思潮达到鼎盛的时代。禁欲千年之久的欧洲社会如堤坝围裹的宏湖表面上浪静风平其底层却汹涌着决堤的纵欲性暗流。一旦湖堤洞开飞涛大浪呼卷而下浩浩汤汤汇作长河而莎士比亚恰好是河面上乘势而起的弄潮儿其迎合西方人情趣的精湛表演遂赢得两岸雷鸣般的喝彩声。时势不光涵盖社会发展的总趋势也牵连着别的因素。比如说文学或文化理论界、政治意识形态对莎士比亚作品理解、阐释的多样性与莎士比亚作品本身内容的多样性产生相辅相成的效果。“说不尽的莎士比亚”成了西方学术界的口头禅。西方的每一种意识形态理论尤其是文学理论要想获得有效性都势必会将阐释莎士比亚的作品作为试金石。17世纪初的人文主义18世纪的启蒙主义19世纪的浪漫主义20世纪的现实主义或批判现实主义都不同程度地、选择性地把莎士比亚作品作为阐释其理论特点的例证。也许17世纪的古典主义曾经阻遏过西方人对莎士比亚作品的过度热情但是19世纪的浪漫主义流派却把莎士比亚作品推崇到无以复加的崇高地位莎士比亚俨然成了西方文学的神灵。20世纪以来西方资本主义阵营和社会主义阵营可以说在意识形态的各个方面都互相对立势同水火可是在对待莎士比亚的问题上居然有着惊人的共识与默契。不用说社会主义阵营的立场与社会主义理论的创始者马克思Karl Marx、恩格斯Friedrich Engels个人的审美情趣息息相关。马克思一家都是莎士比亚的粉丝马克思称莎士比亚为“人类最伟大的天才之一人类文学奥林波斯山上的宙斯”他号召作家们要更加莎士比亚化。恩格斯甚至指出“单是《温莎的风流娘儿们》的第一幕就比全部德国文学包含着更多的生活气息。”不用说这些话多多少少有某种程度的文学性夸张但对莎士比亚的崇高地位来说却无疑产生了极大的推动作用。 +第四1623年版《莎士比亚全集》奠定莎士比亚崇拜传统。这个版本即眼前译本所依据的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》The RSC William Shakespeare: Complete Works, 2007的主要内容。该版本产生于莎士比亚去世的第七年。莎士比亚的舞台同仁赫明奇John Heminge和康德尔Henry Condell整理出版了第一部莎士比亚戏剧集。当时的大学者、大作家本·琼森为之题诗诗中写道“他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。”这个调子奠定了莎士比亚偶像崇拜的传统。而这个传统一旦形成后人就难以反抗。英国文学中的莎士比亚偶像崇拜传统已经形成了一种自我完善、自我调整、自我更新的机制。至少近两百年来莎士比亚的文学成就已被宣传成世界文学的顶峰。 +第五现在署名“莎士比亚”的作品很可能不只是莎士比亚一个人的成果而是凝聚了当时英国若干戏剧创作精英的团体努力。众多大作家的智慧浓缩在以“莎士比亚”为代号的作品集中其成就的伟大性自然就获得了解释。当然这最后一点只是莎士比亚研究界若干学者的研究性推测远非定论。有的莎士比亚著作爱好者害怕一旦证明莎士比亚不是署名为“莎士比亚”的著作的作者莎士比亚的著作便失去了价值这完全是杞人忧天。道理很简单人们即使证明了《红楼梦》的作者不是曹雪芹或《三国演义》的作者不是罗贯中也丝毫不影响这些作品的伟大价值。同理人们即使证明了《莎士比亚全集》不是莎士比亚一个人创作的也丝毫不会影响《莎士比亚全集》是世界文学中的伟大作品这个事实反倒会更有力地证明这个事实因为集体的智慧远胜于个人。 +皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本翻译总思路 +横亘于前的这套新译本是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》进行翻译的而皇家版又正是以本·琼森题过诗的1623年版《莎士比亚全集》为主要依据。 +这套译本是在考察了中国现有的各种译本后根据新的历史条件和新的翻译目的打造出来的。其总的翻译思路是本套译本主编会同外语教学与研究出版社的相关领导和责任编辑讨论的结果。总起来说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本在翻译思路上主要遵循了以下几条 +1版本依据。如上所述本版汉译本译文以英国皇家版《莎士比亚全集》为基本依据。但在翻译过程中译者亦酌情参阅了其他版本以增进对原作的理解。 +2翻译内容包括内页所含全部文字。例如作品介绍与评论、正文、注释等。 +3注释处理问题。对于注释的处理1翻译时如果正文译文已经将英文版某注释的基本含义较准确地表达出来了则该注释即可取消2如果正文译文只是部分地将英文版对应注释的基本含义表达出来则该注释可以视情况部分或全部保留3如果注释本身存疑可以在保留原注的情况下加入译者的新注。但是所加内容务必有理有据。 +4翻译风格问题。对于风格的处理1在整体风格上译文应该尽量逼肖原作整体风格包括以诗体译诗体以散体译散体2版式风格亦尽量保留例如页边行号数码亦应在译文中保留俾便读者索查原文3在具体的文字传输处理上通常应该注重汉译本身的文字魅力增强汉译本的可读性。不宜太白话不宜太文言文白用语宜尽量自然得体。句子不要太绕注意汉语自身表达的句法结构尤其是其逻辑表达方式。意义的异化性不等于文字形式本身的异化性因此要注意用汉语的归化性来传输、保留原作含义的异化性。朱生豪先生的译本语言流畅、可读性强但可惜不是诗体有违原作形式。当下译本是要在承传朱先生译本优点的基础上根据新时代的读者审美趣味取得新的进展。梁实秋先生等的译本在达意的准确性上比朱译有所进步也是我们应该吸纳的优点。但是梁译文采不足则须注意避其短。方平先生等的译本也把莎士比亚翻译往前推进了一步在进行大规模诗体翻译方面作出了宝贵的尝试但是离真正的诗体尚有距离。此外前此的所有译本对于莎士比亚原作的色情类用语都有程度不同的忽略本套皇家版译本则尽力在此方面还原莎士比亚的本真状态论述见后文。其他还有一些译本亦都应该受到我们的关注处理原则类推。每种译本都有自己独特的东西。我们希望美的译文是这套译本的突出特点。 +5借鉴他种汉译本问题。凡是我们曾经参考过的较好的译本都在适当的地方加以注明承认前辈译者的功绩。借鉴利用是完全必要的但是要正大光明避免暗中抄袭。 +6具体翻译策略问题特别关键下文将其单列进行陈述。 +莎士比亚作品翻译领域大转折真正的诗体译本 +莎士比亚首先是一个诗人。莎士比亚的作品基本上都以诗体写成。因此要想尽可能还原本真的莎士比亚就必须将莎士比亚作品翻译成为诗体而不是散文这在莎学界已经成为共识。但是紧接而来的问题是什么叫诗体或需要什么样的诗体 +按照我们的想法1所谓诗体首先是措辞上的诗味必须尽可能浓郁2节奏上的诗味包括分行等要予以高度重视3结合中国人的审美习惯剧文可以押韵也可以不押韵。但不押韵的剧文首先要满足前两个要求。 +本全集翻译原计划由笔者一个人来完成。但是莎士比亚的创作具有惊人的多样性其作品来源也明显具有莎士比亚时代若干其他作家与作品的痕迹因此完全由某一个译者翻译成一种风格也许难免偏颇难以和莎士比亚风格的多样性相呼应。所以集众人的力量来完成大业应该更加合理更加具有可操作性。 +具体说来新时代提出了什么要求简而言之就是用真正的诗体翻译莎士比亚的诗体剧文。这个任务是朱生豪先生无法完成的。朱先生说过他在翻译莎士比亚作品时“当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命”。1显然朱先生也考虑过用诗体来翻译莎士比亚著作的问题但是他的结论是第一靠单独一个人用诗体翻译《莎士比亚全集》是办不到的会因此累死第二他用散文翻译也是不得已的办法因为只有这样他才有可能在有生之年完成《莎士比亚全集》的翻译工作。 +将《莎士比亚全集》翻译成诗体比翻译成散文体要难得多。难到什么程度呢和朱生豪先生的翻译进度比较一下就知道了。朱先生翻译得最快的时候一天可以翻译一万字。2为什么会这么快朱先生才华过人这当然是一个因素但关键因素是他是用散文翻译的。用真正的诗体就不一样了。以笔者自己的体验今日照样用散文翻译莎士比亚剧本最快时也可达到每日一万字。这是因为今日的译者有比以前更完备的注释本和众多的前辈汉译本作参考至少在理解原著时要比朱先生当年省力得多所以翻译速度上最高达到一万字是不难的。但是翻译成诗体就是另外一回事了。这比自己写诗还要难得多。写诗是自己随意发挥译诗则必须按照别人的意思发挥等于是戴着镣铐跳舞。笔者自己写诗诗兴浓时一天数百行都可以写得出来但是翻译诗一天只能是几十行统计成字数往往还不到一千字最多只是朱生豪先生散文翻译速度的十分之一。梁实秋先生翻译《莎士比亚全集》用的也是散文但是也花了37年如果要翻译成真正的诗体那么至少得370年由此可见真正的诗体《莎士比亚全集》汉译本的诞生有多么艰难。此次笔者约稿的各位译者都是用诗体翻译并且都表示花费了大量的时间皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本凝聚了诸位译者的多少努力也就不言而喻了。 +翻译诗体分辨不是分了行就是真正的诗 +主张将莎士比亚剧作翻译成诗体成了共识但是什么才是诗体却缺乏共识。在白话诗盛行的时代许多人只是简单地认定分了行的文字就是诗这个概念。分行只是一个初级的现代诗要求甚至不必是必然要求因为有些称为诗的文字甚至连分行形式都没有。不过在莎士比亚作品的翻译上要让译文具有诗体的特征首先是必定要分行的因为莎士比亚原作本身就有严格的分行形式。这个不用多说。但是译文按莎士比亚的方式分了行只是达到了一个初级的低标准。莎士比亚的剧文读起来像不像诗还大有讲究。 +卞之琳先生对此是颇有体会的。他的译本是分行式诗体但是他自己也并不认为他译出的莎士比亚剧本就是真正的诗体译本。他说读者阅读他的译本时“如果……不感到是诗体不妨就当散文读就用散文标准来衡量”。3这是一个诚实的译者说出的诚实话。不过卞先生很谦虚他有许多剧文其实读起来还是称得上诗体的。原因是什么原因是他注意到了笔者上文提到的两点第一诗的措辞第二诗的节奏。只不过他迫于某些客观原因并没有自始至终侧重这方面的追求而已。 +显然一些译本翻译了莎士比亚的剧文在行数上靠近莎士比亚原作措辞也还流畅。这些是不是就是理想的诗体莎士比亚译本呢笔者认为这还不够。什么是诗对于中国人来说有几千年的历史我们不能脱离这个悠久的传统来讨论这个问题。为此我们不得不重新提到一些基本概念什么是诗什么是诗歌翻译 +诗歌是语言艺术诗歌翻译也就必须是语言艺术 +讨论诗歌翻译必须从讨论诗歌开始。 +诗主情。诗言志。诚然。但诗歌首先应该是一种精妙的语言艺术。同理诗歌的翻译也就不得不首先表现为同类精妙的语言艺术。若译者的语言平庸而无光彩与原作的语言艺术程度差距太远那就最多只是原诗含义的注释性文字算不得真正的诗歌翻译。 +那么何谓诗歌的语言艺术 +无他修辞造句、音韵格律一整套规矩而已。无规矩不成方圆无限制难成大师。奥运会上所有的技能比赛无不按照特定的规矩来显示参赛者高妙的技能。德国诗人歌德Johann Wolfgang von Goethe《自然和艺术》“Natur und Kunst”一诗最末两行亦彰扬此理 +非限制难见作手 +唯规矩予人自由。4 +艺术家的“自由”得心应手之谓也。诗歌既为语言艺术自然就有一整套相应的语言艺术规则。诗人应用这套规则时一旦达到得心应手的程度那就是达到了真正成熟的境界。当然规矩并非一点都不可打破但只有能够将规矩使用到随心所欲而不逾矩的程度的人才真正有资格去创立新规矩丰富旧规矩。创新是在承传旧规则长处的基础上来进行的而不是完全推翻旧规则肆意妄为。事实证明在语言艺术上凡无视积淀千年的诗歌语言规则随心所欲地巧立名目、乱行胡来者永不可能在诗歌语言艺术上取得大的成就所以歌德认为 +若徒有放任习性 +则永难至境遨游。5 +诗歌语言艺术如此需要规则如此不可放任不羁诗歌的翻译自然也同样需要相类似的要求。这个要求就是笔者前面提出的主张若原诗是精妙的语言艺术则理论上说来译诗也应是同类精妙的语言艺术。 +但是“同类”绝非“同样”。因为由于原作和译作使用的语言载体不一样其各自产生的语言艺术规则和效果也就各有各的特点大多不可同样复制、照搬。所以译作的最高目标是尽可能在译入语的语言艺术领域达到程度大致相近的语言艺术效果。这种大致相近的艺术效果程度可叫作“最佳近似度”。它实际上也就是一种翻译标准只不过针对不同的文类最佳近似度究竟在哪些因素方面可最佳程度地并不一定是最大程度地取得近似效果不是一成不变的而是具有高度的灵活性。不同的文类甚至针对不同的受众我们都可以设定不同的最佳近似度。这点在拙著《中西诗比较鉴赏与翻译理论》清华大学出版社2010年的相关章节中有详细的厘定此不赘。 +话与诗的关系话不是诗 +古人的口语本来就是白话与现在的人说的口语是白话一个道理。 +正因为白话太俗不够文雅古人慢慢将白话进行改进使它更加规范、更加准确并且用语更加丰富多彩于是文言产生。在文言的基础上还有更文的文字现象那就是诗歌于是诗歌产生。所以就诗歌而言文言味实际上就是一种特殊的诗味。文言有浅近的文言也有佶屈聱牙的文言。中国传统诗歌绝大多数是浅近的文言但绝非口语、白话。诗中有话的因素自不待言但话的因素往往正是诗试图抑制的成分。 +文言和诗歌的产生是低俗的口语进化到高雅、准确层次的标志。文言和诗歌的进一步发展使得语言的艺术性愈益增强。最终文言和诗歌完成了艺术性语言的结晶化定型。这标志着古代文学和文学语言的伟大进步。《诗经》、楚辞、唐诗、宋词、元明戏曲以及从先秦、汉、唐、宋、元至明清的散文等都是中国语言艺术逐步登峰造极的明证。 +人们往往忘记话不是诗诗是话的升华。话据说至少有几十万年的历史而诗却只有几千年的历史。白话通过漫长的岁月才升华成了诗。因此从理论上说白话诗不是最好的诗而只是低层次的、初级的诗。当一行文字写得不像是话时它也许更像诗。“太阳落下山去了”是话硬说它是诗也只是平庸的诗人人可为。而同样含义的“白日依山尽”不像是话却是真正的诗非一般人可为只有诗人才写得出。它的语言表达方式与一般人的通用白话脱离开来了实现了与通用语的偏离deviation from the norm。这里的通用语指人们天天使用的白话。试想把唐诗宋词译成白话还有多少诗味剩下来 +谢谢古代先辈们一代又一代、不屈不挠的努力话终于进化成了诗。 +但是20世纪初一些激进的中国学者鼓荡起一场声势浩大的白话文运动。 +客观说来用白话文来书写、阅读自然科学和人文科学文献例如哲学、政治学、伦理学、经济学等等文献这都是伟大的进步。这个进步甚至可以上溯到八百多年前朱熹等大学者用白话体文章传输理学思想。对此笔者非常拥护非常赞成。 +但是约一百年前的白话诗运动却未免走向了极端事实上是一种语言艺术方面的倒退行为。已经高度进化的诗词曲形式被强行要求返祖回归到三千多年前的类似白话的状态已经高度语言艺术化了的诗被强行要求退化成话。艺术性相对较低的白话反倒成了正统艺术性较高的诗反倒成了异端。其实容许口语类白话诗和文言类诗并存这才是正确的选择。但一些激进学者故意拔高白话地位在诗歌创作领域搞成白话至上主义这就走上了极端主义道路。 +这个运动影响到诗歌翻译的结果是什么呢结果是西方所有的大诗人不论是古代的还是近代的如荷马Homer、但丁Dante、莎士比亚、歌德、雨果Victor Hugo、普希金Alexander Pushkin……都莫名其妙地似乎用同一支笔写出了20世纪初才出现的味道几乎相同的白话文汉诗 +将产生这种极端性结果的原因再回推我们会清楚地明白当年的某些学者把文学艺术简单雷同于人文社会科学误解了文学艺术尤其是诗歌艺术的特殊性质误以为诗就是话混淆了诗与话的形式因素。 +针对莎士比亚戏剧诗的翻译对策 +由上可知莎士比亚的剧文既然大多是格律诗无论有韵无韵它们都是诗都有格律性。因此在汉译中我们就有必要显示出它具有格律性而这种格律性就是诗性。 +问题在于格律性是附着在语言形式上的语言改变了附着其上的格律性也就大多会消失。换句话说格律大多不可复制或模仿这就正如用钢琴弹不出二胡的效果用古筝奏不出黑管的效果一样。但是原作的内在旋律是可以模仿的只是音色变了。原作的诗性是可以换个形式营造的这就是利用汉语本身的语言特点营造出大略类似的语言艺术审美效果。 +由于换了另外一种语言媒介原作的语音美设计大多已经不能照搬、复制甚至模拟了那么我们就只好断然舍弃掉原作的许多语音美设计而代之以译入语自身的语言艺术结构产生的语音美艺术设计。当然原作的某些语音美设计还是可以尝试模拟保留的但在通常的情况下大多数的语音美已经不可能传输或复制了。 +利用汉语本身的语音审美特点来营造莎士比亚诗歌的汉译语音审美效果是莎士比亚作品翻译的一个有效途径。机械照搬原作的语音审美模式多半会失败并且在大多数的场合下也没有必要。 +具体说来这就涉及翻译莎士比亚戏剧作品时该如何处理1节奏2韵律3措辞。笔者主张在这三个方面我们都可以适当借鉴利用中国古代词曲体的某些因素。戏剧剧文中的诗行一般都不宜多用单调的律诗和绝句体式。元明戏剧为什么没有采用前此盛行的五言或七言诗行而采用了长短错杂、众体皆备的词曲体这是一种艺术形式发展的必然。元明曲体由于要更好更灵活地满足抒情、叙事、论理等诸多需要故借用发展了词的形式但不是纯粹的词而是融入了民间语汇。词这种形式涵盖了一言、二言、三言、四言、五言、六言、七言、八言……乃至十多言的长短句式因此利于表达变化莫测的情、事、理。从这个意义上看莎士比亚剧文语言单位的参差不齐状态与中文词曲体句式的参差不齐状态正好有某种相互呼应的效果。 +也许有人说莎士比亚的剧文虽然是格律诗但并不怎么押韵因此汉诗翻译也就不必押韵。这个说法也有一定道理但是道理并不充实。 +首先我们应该明白既然莎士比亚的剧文是诗体人们读到现今的散体译文或不押韵的分行译文却难以感受到其应有的诗歌风味原因即在于其音乐性太弱。如果人们能够照搬莎士比亚素体诗所惯常用的音步效果及由此引起的措辞特点当然更好。但事实上原作的节奏效果是印欧语系语言本身的效果换了一种语言其效果就大多不能搬用了所以我们只好利用汉语本身的优势来创造新的音乐美。这种音乐美很难说是原作的音乐美但是它毕竟能够满足一点即诗体剧文应该具有诗歌应有的音乐美这个起码要求。而汉译的押韵可以强化这种音乐美。 +其次莎士比亚的剧文不押韵是由诸多因素造成的。第一属于印欧语系语言的英语在押韵方面存在先天的多音节不规则形式缺陷导致押韵词汇范围相对较窄。所以对于英国诗人来说很苦于押韵难工莎士比亚的许多押韵体诗例如十四行诗在押韵方面都不很工整。其次莎士比亚的剧文虽不押韵却在节奏方面十分考究这就弥补了音韵方面的不足。第三莎士比亚的剧文几乎绝大多数是诗行对于剧作者来说每部长达两三千行的诗行行都要押韵这是一个极大的挑战很难完成。而一旦改用素体剧作者便会轻松得多。但是以上几点对于汉语译本则不是一个问题。汉语的词汇及语音构成方式决定了它天生就是一种有利于押韵的艺术性语言。汉语存在大量同韵字押韵是一件很容易的事情。汉语的语音音调变化也比莎士比亚使用的英语的音调变化空间大一倍以上。汉语音调至少有四种加上轻重变化可达六至八种而英语的音调主要局限于轻重语调两种所以存在于印欧语系文字诗歌中的频频押韵有时会产生的单调感在汉语中会在很大程度上由于语调的多变而得到缓解。故汉语戏剧剧文在押韵方面有很大的潜在优势空间实际上元明戏剧剧文频频押韵就是证明。 +第三莎士比亚的剧文虽然很多不押韵但却具极强的节奏感。他惯用的格律多半是抑扬格五音步iambic pentameter诗行。如果我们在节奏方面难以传达原作的音美或者可以通过韵律的音美来弥补节奏美的丧失这种翻译对策谓之堤内损失堤外补亦谓失之东隅收之桑榆。我们的语言在某方面有缺陷可以通过另一方面的优点来弥补。当然笔者主张在一定程度上借鉴利用传统词曲的风味却并不主张使用宋词、元曲式的严谨格律而只是追求一种过分散文化和过分格律化之间的妥协状态。有韵但是不严格要适当注意平仄但不过多追求平仄效果及诗行的整齐与否不必有太固定的建行形式只是根据诗歌本身的内容和情绪赋予适当的节奏与韵式。在措辞上则保持与白话有一段距离但是绝非佶屈聱牙的文言而是趋近典雅、但普通读者也能读懂的语言。 +最后根据翻译标准多元互补论原理由于莎士比亚作品在内容、形式及审美效应方面具有多样性因此只用一种类乎纯诗体译法来翻译所有的莎士比亚剧文也是不完美的因为单一的做法也许无形中堵塞了其他有益的审美趣味通道。因此这套译本的译风虽然整体上强调诗化、诗味但是在营造诗味的途径和程度上不是单一的。我们允许诗体译风的灵活性和创新性。多译者译法实际上也是在探索诗体译法的诸多可能性这为我们将来进一步改进这套译本铺垫了一条较宽的道路。因此译文从严格押韵、半押韵到不押韵的各个程度译本都有涉猎。但是无论是否押韵其节奏和措辞应该总是富于诗意这个要求则是统一的。这是我们对皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本的语言和风格要求。不能说我们能完全达到这个目标但我们是往这个方向努力的。正是这样的努力使这套译本与前此译本有很大的差异在一定的意义上来说标志着中国莎士比亚著作翻译的一次大转折。 +翻译突破还原莎士比亚作品禁忌区域 +另有一个课题是中国学者从前讨论得比较少的禁忌领域即莎士比亚著作中的性描写现象。 +许多西方学者认为莎士比亚酷爱色情字眼他的著作渗透着性描写、性暗示。只要有机会他就总会在字里行间用上与性相联系的双关语。西方人很早就搜罗莎士比亚著作的此类用语编纂了莎士比亚淫秽用语词典。这类词典还不止一种。1995年我又看到弗朗基·鲁宾斯坦Frankie Rubinstein等编纂了《莎士比亚性双关语释义词典》A Dictionary of Shakespeare's Sexual Puns and Their Significance厚达372页。 +赤裸裸的性描写或过多的淫秽用语在传统中国文学作品中是受到非议的尽管有《金瓶梅》这样被判为淫秽作品的文学现象但是中国传统的主流舆论还是抑制这类作品的。莎士比亚的作品固然不是通常意义上的淫秽作品但是它的大量实际用语确实有很强的色情味。这个极鲜明的特点恰恰被前此的所有汉译本故意掩盖或在无意中抹杀掉。莎士比亚的所有汉译者尤其是像朱生豪先生这样的译者显然不愿意中国读者看到莎士比亚的文笔有非常泼辣的大量使用性相关脏话的特点。这个特点多半都被巧妙地漏译或改译。于是出现一种怪现象莎士比亚著作中有些大段的篇章变成汉语后尽管读起来是通顺的读者对这些话语却往往感到莫名其妙。以《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第一幕第一场前面的30行台词为例这是凯普莱特家两个仆人山普孙与葛莱古里之间的淫秽对话。但是读者阅读过去的汉译本时很难看到他们是在说淫秽的脏话甚至会认为这些对话只是仆人之间的胡话没有什么意义。 +不过前此的译本对这类用语和描写的态度也并不完全一样而是依据年代距离在逐步改变。朱生豪先生的译本对这些东西删除改动得最多梁实秋先生已经有所保留但还是有节制。方平先生等的译本保留得更多一些但仍然持有相当的保留态度。此外从英语的不同版本看有的版本注释得明白有的版本故意模糊有的版本注释者自己也没有弄懂这些双关语那就更别说中国译者了。 +在这一点上我们目前使用的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》是做得最好的。 +那么我们该怎样来翻译莎士比亚的这种用语呢是迫于传统中国道德取向的习惯巧妙地回避还是尽可能忠实地传达莎士比亚的本真用意我们认为前此的译本依据各自所处时代的中国人道德价值的接受状态采用了相应的翻译对策出现了某种程度的曲译这是可以理解的是特定历史条件下的产物。但是历史在前进中国人的道德观已经有了很大的改变尤其是在性禁忌领域。说实话无论我们怎样真实地还原莎士比亚著作中的性双关描写比起当代文学作品中有时无所忌讳的淫秽描写来莎士比亚还真是有小巫见大巫的感觉。换句话说目前中国人在这方面的外来道德价值接受状态已经完全可以接受莎士比亚著作中的性双关用语了。因此我们的做法是尽可能真实还原莎士比亚性相关用语的现象。在通常的情况下如果直译不能实现这种现象的传输我们就采用注释。可以说在这方面目前这个版本是所有莎士比亚汉译本中做得最超前的。 +译法示例 +莎士比亚作品的文字具有多种风格早期的、中期的和晚期的语言风格有明显区别悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、十四行诗的语言风格也有区别。甚至同样是悲剧或喜剧莎士比亚的语言风格往往也会很不相同。比如同样是属于悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》剧文中就常常有押韵的段落而大悲剧《李尔王》却很少押韵同样是喜剧《威尼斯商人》是格律素体诗而《温莎的风流娘儿们》却大多是散文体。 +与此现象相应我们的翻译当然也就有多种风格。虽然不完全一一对应但我们有意避免将莎士比亚著作翻译成千篇一律的一种文体。从这个意义上说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》汉译本在某些方面采用了全新的译法。这种全新译法不是孤立的一种译法而是力求展示多种翻译风格、多种审美尝试。多样化为我们将来精益求精提供了相对更多的选择。如果现在固定为一种单一的风格那么将来要想有新的突破就困难了。概括说来我们的多种翻译风格主要包括1有韵体诗词曲风味译法2有韵体现代文白融合译法3无韵体白话诗译法。下面依次选出若干相应风格的译例供读者和有关方面品鉴。 +一、有韵体诗词曲风味译法 +有韵体诗词曲风味译法注意使用一些传统诗词曲中诗味比较浓郁的词汇同时注意遣词不偏僻节奏比较明快音韵也比较和谐。但是它们并不是严格意义上的传统诗词曲只是带点诗词曲的风味而已。例如 +女巫甲　何时我等再相逢 +闪电雷鸣急雨中 +女巫乙　待到硝烟烽火静 +沙场成败见雌雄。 +女巫丙　残阳犹挂在西空。《麦克白》第一幕第一场 +小丑甲　当时年少爱风流 +有滋有味有甜头 +行乐哪管韶华逝 +天下柔情最销愁。《哈姆莱特》第五幕第一场 +朱丽叶　天未曙罗郎何苦别意匆忙 +鸟音啼声声亮惊骇罗郎心房。 +休听作破晓云雀歌只是夜莺唱 +石榴树间夜夜有它设歌场。 +信我罗郎端的只是夜莺轻唱。 +罗密欧　不是云雀报晓不是莺歌 +看东方无情朝阳暗洒霞光 +流云万朵镶嵌银带飘如浪。 +星斗如烛恰似残灯剩微芒 +欢乐白昼悄然驻步雾嶂群岗。 +奈何我去也则生留也必亡。 +朱丽叶　听我言天际微芒非破晓霞光 +只是金乌吐射流星当空亮 +似明炬今夜为郎朗照边邦 +何愁它曼托瓦路漫远悠长。 +且稍待正无须行色皇皇仓仓。 +罗密欧　纵身陷人手蒙斧钺加诛于刑场 +只要这勾留遂你愿我欣然承当。 +让我说那天际灰朦非黎明醒眼 +乃月神眉宇幽幽映现淡淡辉光 +那歌鸣亦非云雀之讴哪怕它 +嚣然振动于头上空冥嘹亮高亢。 +我巴不得栖身此地永不他往。 +来吧死亡倘朱丽叶愿遂此望。 +如何心肝畅谈吧趁夜色迷茫。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第三幕第五场 +二、有韵体现代文白融合译法 +有韵体现代文白融合译法的特点是基本押韵措辞上白话与文言尽量能够水乳交融充分利用诗歌的现代节奏感俾便能够念起来朗朗上口。例如 +哈姆莱特　死还是生这才是问题根本 +莫道是苦海无涯但操戈奋进 +终赢得一片清平或默对逆运 +忍受它箭石交攻敢问 +两番选择何为上乘 +死灭睡也倘借得长眠 +可治心伤愈千万肉身苦痛痕 +则岂非美境人所追寻死睡也 +睡中或有梦魇生唉症结在此 +倘能撒手这碌碌凡尘长入死梦 +又谁知梦境何形念及此忧 +不由人踌躇难定这满腹疑情 +竟使人苟延年命忍对苦难平生。 +假如借短刀一柄即可解脱身心 +谁甘愿受人世的鞭挞与讥评 +强权者的威压傲慢者的骄横 +失恋的痛楚法律的耽延 +官吏的暴虐甚或默受小人 +对贤德者肆意拳脚加身 +谁又愿肩负这如许重担 +流汗、呻吟疲于奔命 +倘非对死后的处境心存疑云 +惧那未经发现的国土从古至今 +无孤旅归来意志的迷惘 +使我辈宁愿忍受现世的忧闷 +而不敢飞身投向未知的苦境 +前瞻后顾使我们全成懦夫 +于是本色天然的决断决行 +罩上了一层思想的惨淡余阴 +只可惜诸多待举的宏图大业 +竟因此如逝水忽然转向而行 +失掉行动的名分。《哈姆莱特》第三幕第一场 +麦克白　若做了便是了则快了便是好。 +若暗下毒手却能横超果报 +割人首级却赢得绝世功高 +则一击得手便大功告成 +千了百了那么此际此宵 +身处时间之海的沙滩、岸畔 +何管它来世风险逍遥。但这种事 +现世永远有裁判的公道 +教人杀戮之策者必受杀戮之报 +给别人下毒者自有公平正义之手 +让下毒者自食盘中毒肴。《麦克白》第一幕第七场 +损神耗精愧煞了浪子风流 +都只为纵欲眠花卧柳 +阴谋好杀赌假咒坏事做到头 +心毒手狠野蛮粗暴背信弃义不知羞。 +才尝得云雨乐转眼意趣休。 +舍命追求一到手没来由 +便厌腻个透。呀恰恰像是钓钩 +但吞香饵管教你六神无主不自由。 +求时疯狂得时也疯狂 +曾有现有还想有要玩总玩不够。 +适才是甜头转瞬成苦头。 +求欢同枕前梦破云雨后。 +唉普天下谁不知这般儿歹症候 +却避不得便往这通阴曹的天堂路儿上走十四行诗第一百二十九首 +三、无韵体白话诗译法 +无韵体白话诗译法的特点是虽然不押韵但是译文有很明显的和谐节奏措辞畅达有诗味明显不是普通的口语。例如 +贡妮芮　父亲我爱您非语言所能表达 +胜过自己的眼睛、天地、自由 +超乎世上的财富或珍宝犹如 +德貌双全、康强、荣誉的生命。 +子女献爱父亲见爱至多如此 +这种爱使言语贫乏谈吐空虚 +超过这一切的比拟——我爱您。《李尔王》第一幕第一场 +李尔　国王要跟康沃尔说话慈爱的父亲 +要跟他女儿说话命令、等候他们服侍。 +这话通禀他们了吗我的气血都飙起来了 +火爆火爆公爵去告诉那烈性公爵—— +不还是别急也许他是真不舒服。 +人病了常会疏忽健康时应尽的 +责任。身子受折磨 +逼着头脑跟它受苦 +人就不由自主了。我要忍耐 +不再顺着我过度的轻率任性 +把难受病人偶然的发作错认是 +健康人的行为。我的王权废掉算了 +为什么要他坐在这里这种行为 +使我相信公爵夫妇不来见我 +是伎俩。把我的仆人放出来。 +去跟公爵夫妇讲我要跟他们说话 +现在就要。叫他们出来听我说 +不然我要在他们房门前打起鼓来 +不让他们好睡。《李尔王》第二幕第二场 +奥瑟罗　诸位德高望重的大人 +我崇敬无比的主子 +我带走了这位元老的女儿 +这是真的真的我和她结了婚说到底 +这就是我最大的罪状再也没有什么罪名 +可以加到我头上了。我虽然 +说话粗鲁不会花言巧语 +但是七年来我用尽了双臂之力 +直到九个月前我一直 +都在战场上拼死拼活 +所以对于这个世界我只知道 +冲锋向前不敢退缩落后 +也不会用漂亮的字眼来掩饰 +不漂亮的行为。不过如果诸位愿意耐心听听 +我也可以把我没有化装掩盖的全部过程 +一五一十地摆到诸位面前接受批判 +我绝没有用过什么迷魂汤药、魔法妖术 +还有什么歪门邪道——反正我得到他的女儿 +全用不着这一套。《奥瑟罗》第一幕第三场 +注释 +1　见朱生豪大约在1936年夏致宋清如信“今天下午我试译了两页莎士比亚还算顺利不过恐怕终于不过是Poor Stuff而已。当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命。”《伉俪朱生豪宋清如诗文选》下卷中国青年出版社2013年第94页 +2　朱生豪“今天因为提起了精神却很兴奋晚上译了六千字今天一共译一万字。”同上第101页 +3　卞之琳《莎士比亚悲剧四种》方志出版社2007年第4页。 +4　In der Beschränkung zeigt sich erst der Meister, / Und das Gesetz nur kann uns Freiheit geben. 参见http://www.business-it.nl/files/7d413a5dca62fc735a072b16fbf050b1-27.php. +5　Vergebens werden ungebundene Geister / Nach der Vollendung reiner Höhe streben. 参见http://www.cosmiq.de/qa/show/3454062/Vergebens-werden-ungebundne-Geister-Nach-der-Vollendung-reiner-Hoehe-streben-Was-ist-dieBedeutung-dieser-2-Verse-Ich-komm-nicht-drauf/t. +《暴风雨》导言 +《暴风雨》几乎可以肯定是莎士比亚独立完成的最后一出戏。我们不知道他是否预期如此。这出戏也是印在第一对开本的第一个剧本。我们也不知道它得到如此尊贵的地位是因为对开本的编辑把它当作展示品——大师艺术的总和之作——还是为了更为平凡的理由他们手头有抄写员拉尔夫·克兰Ralph Crane的干净文本排版者要着手排版莎士比亚近乎百万字的浩大工程从这本起可以有个比较容易的开始。无论它的位置来自无心抑或刻意的安排自19世纪初期以来《暴风雨》成于莎士比亚写作生涯之终、又置于作品集之首的事实大大影响了后世对这出戏的反应。它已经被视为诠释莎士比亚的试金石。 +本剧内容集中于支配与统治的问题。在开场的暴风雨中正常的社会秩序大乱水手长命令廷臣因为知道咆哮的海浪根本不在乎“什么国王”。之后第一幕第二场中详细展开的背景故事揭露了不尊重公爵名号的阴谋家我们得知普洛斯彼罗失去了米兰的权力但补偿式地得以控制岛上的爱丽儿和凯列班。腓迪南和米兰达的同心结则指向米兰与那不勒斯未来的统治。还有更进一步的政治算计西巴斯辛与安东尼奥计划谋杀阿隆佐国王和忠厚大臣贡柴罗低贱出身的角色想要推翻普洛斯彼罗让酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺当岛上的国王。普洛斯彼罗在爱丽儿和岛上其他精灵协助下演出了一幕幕精彩的戏——使谋反者动弹不得鸟身女妖与消失的盛筵众女神及农民的假面剧那对小情人对弈的情景——这些都有助于报复过去的罪愆恢复当前的秩序并预备和谐的来日。工作完毕之后爱丽儿获得释放心痛啊1而普洛斯彼罗也在精神上做好了死亡的准备。甚至凯列班都要“寻求恩典”。 +然而莎士比亚从来都不爱简单。普洛斯彼罗以戏法变出暴风雨把宫廷的达官贵人带到这座岛主要是为了强迫他那篡位的弟弟安东尼奥悔罪。可是到了两人面对面的高潮时刻对普洛斯彼罗的饶恕与要求安东尼奥却连一个字都没有回应。他完全没有以阿隆佐在前面几行的表现为榜样而仿效之。至于安东尼奥的共犯西巴斯辛竟然还胆敢说普洛斯彼罗魔法般的先见之明是仗着邪魔之力。普洛斯彼罗能力再大也无法预料或掌控人性。如果原本没有良心以后也无法创造出良心。 +塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge2把普洛斯彼罗描述为“简直就是风暴中的莎士比亚本人”。换句话说戏中主角在开场中变出暴风雨正如剧作家变出这部戏的整个世界。普洛斯彼罗的法术驾驭了自然力量好引领其他意大利角色加入他的放逐世界同样地莎士比亚的艺术先把舞台变成一艘大海中的船然后又变成“无人的荒岛”。“法术”乃是这出戏的关键词眼。凯列班是普洛斯彼罗的“他者”因为他代表自然状态。在达尔文主义盛行的19世纪他被重塑为人类与我们动物祖先之间过渡时期“缺失的那一环”。 +普洛斯彼罗的背景故事道出了从训练统治者的“人文素养”到比较危险的魔幻“法术”的变化过程。在莎士比亚时代魔法的思维普遍存在。人人从小都相信自然界之外另有一个世界就是灵魂与妖怪的世界。“自然”与“妖魔”乃是研究及操弄超自然现象的两大支派。魔法magic即是对隐秘事物的认知和制造奇迹的法术。某些人认为这是自然哲学的最高形式这个词源于magia在古波斯语里意思是“智慧”众人称之为“神秘哲学”。它假设有不同层级的力量从不具形体的“智性的”天使魂灵到天上恒星和行星的世界再到地球事物及其形体的变化。魔法师上达高阶力量的知识以人为方式将这些能力带下来制造出奇妙的效果。科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕Cornelius Agrippa3是《论神秘哲学》De occulta philosophia一书的作者主张必须有“仪式魔法”才能达到超越星球的天使智慧。这是最高也最危险的活动层次因为——诚如同克里斯托弗·马洛Christopher Marlowe4笔下的浮士德博士Dr. Faustus的发现——太容易变出魔鬼而不是天使。比较普通的“自然魔法”需要“媒合”天地与星体和物质世界元素之间的奇幻链接同工。历久不衰的星象影响观念乃是这种思维模式的残留。对文艺复兴时代的智者例如在米兰从业的吉罗拉莫·卡尔达诺Girolamo Cardano5而言医学、自然哲学、数学、星象学以及解梦都是紧密相连的。 +然而自然魔法始终无法躲开它的妖魔阴影。有一个像阿格里帕或卡尔达诺这样博学的智者就有一千个乡下“智婆”从事民俗医疗和算命。后者在前现代时期常常被妖魔化为女巫要为歉收、牲畜疾病及其他病痛负责。普洛斯彼罗强调他自己的白色魔法有别于凯列班母亲西考拉克斯的黑色魔法不过在这出戏里两者十分相似。他之所以从米兰被放逐到岛上是因为专注于自己的秘密研究从而给予了安东尼奥篡夺大公国的可乘之机而西考拉克斯之所以从阿尔及尔放逐到岛上是因为被控施行巫术他带着他的幼女来而西考拉克斯来的时候肚里怀着据说是跟魔鬼搞出来的孩子。两者都能指挥海潮操控以爱丽儿为代表的精灵世界。普洛斯彼罗要放弃他的魔法时用来描述法力的词语是借自另一个女巫——奥维德Ovid的古代神话故事巨著《变形记》Metamorphoses里的美狄亚Medea。在某个层次上普洛斯彼罗表达了他跟西考拉克斯之间的亲缘关系他说凯列班“这个妖怪嘛我/承认是我的”。此处主语和动词在行尾分开表明承认之前稍有犹豫这是莎士比亚后期灵活运用抑扬格五音步手法的极端例子。 +莎士比亚喜爱制造对立再把他的黑与白淡化成复杂道德里的灰色区块。在米兰普洛斯彼罗对人文素养的内观研究使他失去权位并促成暴政。在岛上他企图以他所学来弥补过失利用正向的魔法带来悔罪、收复大公国并且打造一个王朝的婚姻。然而在第五幕开始时他醒悟到真正的人性不在于运用智慧统治而在于实践更为严谨的基督徒式的德行。对16世纪的人文主义者来说君王的德行教育就是为了政治目的而修养智慧、宽宏、节制、正直。对普洛斯彼罗而言最终真正重要的是仁慈。而这是师父从徒弟那里学到的正是爱丽儿教了普洛斯彼罗“情感”的道理而不是相反。 +爱丽儿代表火与空气、和谐与音乐、耿耿忠心。凯列班属土关乎纷争、醉酒和反叛。爱丽儿的表达工具是雅致的诗凯列班的则大多是粗鲁乃至猥亵的散文一如弄臣特林鸠罗和醉汉司膳官斯丹法诺。然而令人讶异的是剧中最美丽的诗句乃是凯列班听到爱丽儿的音乐时所说的。即便是用散文凯列班亦与自然环境有一种美妙的协调他知道岛上每一个角落、每一种生物。普洛斯彼罗说他是“魔鬼天生的魔鬼对他的本性/教化根本是白搭”然而就在下一句台词里凯列班上场时说“拜托脚步轻些免得这只瞎眼的鼹鼠听到脚步声”如此富有想象力的语言立即否定了普洛斯彼罗的断言。 +凯列班据称曾要性侵米兰达可见普洛斯彼罗想驯服这个“怪物仆”、教育他具有人性的意图是失败的。然而这失败是谁的责任问题会不会出在普洛斯彼罗想要灌输到凯列班记忆里的内容上而非后者的天性一开始凯列班欢迎普洛斯彼罗到岛上来主动与他分享岛上水果——正如蒙田Montaigne散文《论食人部族》“Of the Cannibals”里所写的“高贵的野蛮人”那样那篇文章是莎士比亚剧中引用的另一来源贡柴罗治理本岛的乌托邦式“黄金时代”理想便是采自蒙田作品的英译本。凯列班只不过表现出普洛斯彼罗印刻在他身上的那种低贱而已使凯列班“污秽”的可能是普洛斯彼罗说他是“秽物”的教导。 +凯列班了解书的重要性正如现代政变领导者首先要占据电视台他强调反叛普洛斯彼罗必须从夺取他的书籍开始。然而斯丹法诺另有其书。他对凯列班说“这东西能叫您说话”—他复制普洛斯彼罗通过语言取得控制的手法不过是以另一种模式。文本的灌输被美酒的熏陶取代所亲吻的书乃是酒瓶。如此一来莎士比亚的场景对位技法营造出对话精神质疑了普洛斯彼罗的书籍使用。若说斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗以酒精达成普洛斯彼罗以教导所达成的目的两者都说服凯列班服役并分享岛上的果实这岂不是显出教导有可能只是社会控制的工具而已普洛斯彼罗时常似对他以教学建立的权力结构较感兴趣胜过他教导的实质内容。很难看出逼腓迪南搬运木柴是为了教诲德行目的其实是要他臣服。 +来到一个没有欧洲人居住的岛屿谈论“殖民地”与一个“野人”相遇并用酒精交换生存技能在语言学习过程中确立谁是主、谁是奴担心奴仆会使主人的女儿受孕欲使野蛮人寻求基督教的“恩典”但又提议把他运到英格兰展示获利提到百慕大危险的气候以及一个“华丽新世界”在所有这些方面《暴风雨》都唤起了欧洲的殖民主义精神。莎士比亚与弗吉尼亚公司的成员有联系。该公司奉王室之命成立于1606年为次年在美洲建立詹姆斯敦殖民地起了重要作用。1610年秋有一封信寄达英格兰描述派往增援殖民地的舰队在加勒比海被暴风雨吹散搭载新总督的那艘船被吹到百慕大船员和乘客都在那里过冬。虽然那封信当时没有出版手稿却流传开来至少引发两本小册子讨论这些事件。学者们为莎士比亚究竟直接引用了其中多少材料而争论不休但暴风雨及岛屿的某些细节好像是从中取材。毋庸置疑的是总督及其团队看似奇迹般幸存同时他们在巴哈马群岛发现的富饶环境乃是本剧写作之时的公众流行话题。 +大英帝国、奴隶贩卖、东西海路运送香料带来的财富——这些是后来的事。莎士比亚的戏设定在地中海不在加勒比海。凯列班严格说来不能算是岛上的原住民。然而这出戏直觉地感知殖民时期占有与驱离的动能剧力万钧不可思议所以1950年奥克塔夫·曼诺尼Octave Mannoni6写的《殖民地化进程中的心理学》The Psychology of Colonisation主张说殖民过程的运作要经由一对精神官能症交互作用于殖民者是“普洛斯彼罗情结”于被殖民者是“凯列班情结”。就是为了回应曼诺尼弗朗茨·法农Frantz Fanon7写了《黑皮肤白面具》Black Skin, White Masks从而在很大程度上塑造了“后殖民”时代的知识领域。对20世纪后期许多以英文写作的加勒比海作家来说《暴风雨》这出戏尤其是凯列班这个人物成为他们发现自己文学声音的焦点。这出戏与其说是对帝国历史的反思毋宁说是对这段历史的预知——毕竟普洛斯彼罗是被流放的人不是冒险家。 +国王剧团经常奉命在白厅御前献演自然知道从1608年岁暮起十几岁的伊丽莎白公主Princess Elizabeth就住在王宫里。她是有文化素养的少女喜欢音乐和舞蹈参与宫中节庆活动1610年在一出名叫《忒堤斯》Tethys8的假面剧里担任舞者。假面剧由皇亲、廷臣、职业演员混搭演出场面壮观音乐精致在那些年日是宫廷最时兴的表演。与莎士比亚亦友亦敌的本·琼森Ben Jonson9和设计师伊尼戈·琼斯Inigo Jones10合作为自己打出当代首席假面剧作家的名号。1608年他引进“反假面剧”或称“前假面剧”让丑怪人物即所谓“怪胎”在优雅、和谐的假面剧演出之前狂舞一番。莎士比亚也采纳了当时的流行风尚在《暴风雨》的戏中加入了订婚的假面剧以及凯列班、斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗三人闻马尿、偷窃晾衣绳上的衣服、遭群狗追逐的反假面闹剧。我们甚至觉得普洛斯彼罗这个人物可能就是对本·琼森温和的诙谐模拟他的戏剧想象受制于古典式对时间与场景统一性的要求一如琼森他也演出宫廷假面剧一如琼森。或许正因为如此几年之后琼森在他的《巴托罗缪市集》Bartholomew Fair里戏仿《暴风雨》作为回敬。 +普洛斯彼罗的基督教语言在收场白中持续最久然而他最后请求宽容的对象不是上帝而是观众。到了最后一刻取代人文主义学术的不是基督教信仰而是戏剧的信念。因此这出戏可以解读为莎士比亚为自己戏剧艺术的辩护——从浪漫主义时期以来常常就是如此理解。不过反讽的是这出戏本身对书籍乃至于对剧场的功能十分怀疑。魔法书沉入大海而假面剧及其演员也溶入空气之中就像“无根的幻景”或一场梦。 +参考资料 +剧情十二年前在那不勒斯国王阿隆佐及其弟西巴斯辛协助下米兰公爵普洛斯彼罗被他的弟弟安东尼奥篡了位。普洛斯彼罗及其幼女米兰达被流放大海到达远方小岛。他在那里靠着魔法统治精灵爱丽儿和野人凯列班。他利用法力呼风唤雨使他的敌人遭遇船难来到岛上。阿隆佐寻找儿子腓迪南担心他已经淹死。西巴斯辛密谋杀害阿隆佐夺取他的王位。酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺和弄臣特林鸠罗遇见凯列班听了他的劝说要杀害普洛斯彼罗好由他们来统治这座岛。腓迪南和米兰达相遇两人一见钟情。普洛斯彼罗要考验腓迪南命其做苦工腓迪南通过考验普洛斯彼罗为这对年轻情侣演了一出贺婚的假面剧。在普洛斯彼罗的计划接近高潮时他正面质问敌人并宽恕他们。普洛斯彼罗赐予爱丽儿自由准备离开岛屿返回米兰。 +主要角色列有台词行数百分比/台词段数/上场次数普洛斯彼罗30/115/5爱丽儿9/45/6凯列班8/50/5斯丹法诺7/60/4贡柴罗7/52/4西巴斯辛5/67/4安东尼奥6/57/4米兰达6/49/4腓迪南6/31/4阿隆佐5/40/4特林鸠罗4/39/4。 +语体风格诗体约占80散体约占20。 +创作年代1611年。1611年11月1日宫廷演出使用的部分素材于1610年秋季以前并未问世。 +取材来源主要剧情不知取自何处但暴风雨和岛屿的某些细节似乎来自威廉·斯特雷奇William Strachey所著《托马斯·盖茨爵士船难获救真实报导》A True Reportory of the Wreck and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight写于1610年收入1625年出版的《珀切斯游记》[Purchas his Pilgrims]或许还有西尔韦斯特·乔丹Sylvester Jourdain的《百慕大发现记》A Discovery of the Bermudas, 1610年以及弗吉尼亚公司发行的小册子《弗吉尼亚殖民地资产真实报告》A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colony in Virginia1610年有几处提到维吉尔Virgil11的《埃涅阿斯纪》Aeneid与奥维德的《变形记》特别是在第五幕第一场模仿阿瑟·戈尔丁Arthur Golding1567年翻译奥维德第七卷内美狄亚的咒文贡柴罗在第二幕第一场关于“黄金时代”的说辞基于约翰·弗洛里奥John Florio1603年所译蒙田《论食人部族》一文两者十分接近。 +文本1623年的第一对开本是唯一早期印刷本。所据为国王剧团所雇专业誊录员拉尔夫·克兰的抄写本。总体说来是高质量的印刷本。 +乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate +注释 +1　或因普洛斯彼罗舍不得爱丽儿。——译者附注 +2　柯尔律治1772—1834英国诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +3　阿格里帕1486—1535德国医生、神学家、神秘学家。——译者附注 +4　马洛1564—1593英国伊丽莎白时期剧作家、诗人。——译者附注 +5　卡尔达诺1501—1576意大利医生、数学家、占星术家。——译者附注 +6　曼诺尼1899—1989法国精神分析学家、作家。——译者附注 +7　法农1925—1961出生于法属加勒比海岛屿马提尼克岛精神分析学家、哲学家。——译者附注 +8　忒堤斯为古希腊神话中的女海神之名。——译者附注 +9　琼森1572—1637英国剧作家、诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +10　琼斯1573—1652英国画家、建筑师、设计师。——译者附注 +11　维吉尔前70—前19奥古斯都时代的古罗马诗人。——译者附注 +暴风雨 +普洛斯彼罗合法的米兰公爵 +米兰达普洛斯彼罗之女 +阿隆佐那不勒斯国王 +西巴斯辛阿隆佐之弟 +安东尼奥普洛斯彼罗之弟篡位的米兰公爵 +腓迪南那不勒斯国王之子 +贡柴罗忠诚的老枢密大臣 +阿德里安和弗兰西斯科两贵族 +特林鸠罗弄臣 +斯丹法诺酗酒的司膳官 +船长 +水手长 +众水手 +凯列班未驯化的畸形奴隶 +爱丽儿空气精灵 +场景无人的荒岛 +第一幕1 +第一场第一景 +海中一船 +雷电交加暴风雨声可闻。船长与水手长上 +船长　水手长 +水手长　在船长。有什么吩咐 +船长　好兄弟去跟水手们说动作要快不然咱会搁浅啦快赶快 +下 +众水手上 +水手长　嘿哥儿们加油加油哥儿们快点快点把中桅帆收一收。听船长的哨音。——尽管刮吧刮到你喘不过气也没关系只要船掉得过头来。 +对风暴 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、腓迪南、贡柴罗及其他人上 +阿隆佐　好水手长留意点儿。船长在哪儿拿出男子气概来。 +水手长　各位请待在下头。 +安东尼奥　船长在哪儿啊水手长 +水手长　您没听见他吗您碍着我们的事啦。待在舱里你们这是在帮助暴风雨。 +贡柴罗　别那么说好兄弟耐心点。 +水手长　先得等大海有耐心。走开这些个大吼大叫的会理你什么国王吗去舱里闭嘴别烦我们。 +贡柴罗　好兄弟可要记得你船上载的是谁。 +水手长　没一个是我爱得超过我自个儿的。您是个大臣要是您能命令这些风雨不作声现在就平静那咱们就一根绳索都不管。施展您的权威吧。要是您办不到就感谢您活了这把年纪回舱里预备随时有什么不测——万一真有的话。——加油兄弟们—— +对众水手 +别挡了我们我说。 +对众大臣 +[阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与腓迪南随水手长及众水手]下 +贡泽罗　这家伙让我非常安慰。我看他没有淹死的凶相他那张脸分明就该是被绞死的。2善良的命运之神哪千万要让他被绞死用他命中注定的绞绳作我们的定锚缆索吧因为我们自己的不管用了。他若不是注定该被绞死的我们的处境就悲惨啰。 +下 +水手长上 +水手长　放低中桅快再低再低尽量把船固定住。幕内一声呼喊混蛋叫成这样他们比这天气、比咱们发号施令还大声。 +西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与贡柴罗上 +又来啦你们来干吗的想叫我们放弃、淹死你们想要沉船哪 +西巴斯辛　我咒你喉咙长脓包你这个大吼大叫、亵渎神明、没有慈悲心肠的狗 +水手长　那你们来干。 +安东尼奥　绞死你狗东西绞死你婊子养的无耻大嗓门我们才没有你那么怕被淹死呢。 +贡柴罗　我敢担保他不会淹死就算这条船比个坚果的壳儿还小而且比流个不停的3女人漏得还凶。 +水手长　顶住风顶住风两张帆都升起来再出海升起来 +众水手浑身湿透上 +众水手　完蛋了快祷告祷告完蛋了 +水手长　什么我们都得淹死 +贡柴罗　王上和王子在祷告。咱们去助祷我们情况一样。 +西巴斯辛　我没耐性了。 +安东尼奥　我们根本是被酒鬼害了命。这个大嘴巴的无赖你淹死算了还让潮水冲刷十遍 +贡柴罗　他还是会被绞死的 +尽管每一滴海水都赌誓不会 +而且张着大口要吞他。 +水手长及众水手下 +幕内喧闹声 +[后台人声]　可怜我们吧——船裂了船裂了——别了我的妻儿——别了兄弟——船裂了船裂了船裂了 +安东尼奥　咱们跟王上一起沉了吧。 +西巴斯辛　咱们去向他道别。 +[安东尼奥与西巴斯辛]下 +贡柴罗　这时我情愿用千顷波涛去换一亩荒地长长的灌木、棕色的荆豆什么都行。愿上天的旨意成就但我情愿死在旱地。 +下 +第二场第二景 +本剧以下场景都在普洛斯彼罗的海岛的各处 +普洛斯彼罗4与米兰达5上 +米兰达　至爱的父亲您若是借了法术 +使这狂涛咆哮请平息它们。 +上天好像要倾倒恶臭的沥青 +亏得大海上升到苍穹的脸颊 +熄灭了天火6。看到他们受苦我 +一同受苦。美轮美奂的一艘船—— +上面想必载着高贵的人物—— +都撞成了碎片。啊那喊叫声打在 +我的心坎上。那些可怜人都完了。 +假如我是个有权能的神我会 +先把大海沉入地下不让它 +如此吞灭这艘美好的船还有 +船里的人。 +普洛斯彼罗　安心吧 +不必再害怕。告诉你怜悯的心肠 +并没有造成损伤。 +米兰达　啊可怜哪 +普洛斯彼罗　没事。 +我所做的没有不是为了你—— +为了你我亲爱的你我女儿——你 +不明白你的身份根本不知道 +我的来历也不知道我的高贵 +超过普洛斯彼罗一个破洞窟的主人 +不过尔尔的你的父亲。 +米兰达　我从来没有 +想过要知道得更详细。 +普洛斯彼罗　时候已到 +我该多告诉你一些。帮我 +脱下我这件魔法斗篷。这样 +放下魔法斗篷 +躺好了我的魔法。你擦擦眼睛放心。 +那船难的恐怖景象触动了 +你内心至情至性的哀矜 +但我在我法术之中早已预作 +安排不叫船上任何人—— +对甚至任何生物——有 +一根毛发受到损伤尽管你 +听到哀嚎看见船沉。坐下吧 +米兰达坐下 +因为现在你必须多了解一些。 +米兰达　您常常 +要跟我讲我的身份却欲言又止 +我想追问终是徒然因您 +最后总说“慢着时机未到。” +普洛斯彼罗　现在时机已到 +就在此刻你要张开耳朵 +听话要专心。你可记得 +我们来到这洞窟之前的时候 +我想你不能因为你那时还 +不满三岁。 +米兰达　我当然能够大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　记得什么呢有别的房屋或人吗 +告诉我有什么东西的形象 +还保存在你的记忆里。 +米兰达　很久远了 +我记得的比较像是一场梦 +不能保证准确无误。我不是 +曾经有四五个女人照顾吗 +普洛斯彼罗　你有还更多呢米兰达。可是这 +怎么还会留在你心中在时间黑暗的 +过去和深渊中你还看到什么 +你既然记得来此以前的事 +或许也记得你是怎么来的。 +米兰达　那我倒记不得了。 +普洛斯彼罗　十二年了米兰达十二年了 +你父亲原是米兰公爵一个 +大权在握的亲王。 +米兰达　大人您不是我父亲 +普洛斯彼罗　你母亲是美德的典范而 +她说你是我的女儿你父亲 +是米兰公爵他唯一的继承人 +公主也同样出身高贵。 +米兰达　啊天哪 +是什么卑鄙算计害我们流落至此 +还是说该算幸运呢 +普洛斯彼罗　都是都是孩子。 +就如你说的我们被卑鄙算计抛弃 +但幸运地获救于此。 +米兰达　啊我的心会淌血 +要是想到我给您添的麻烦 +但现在都不记得了。您请说下去。 +普洛斯彼罗　我弟弟就是你叔父叫安东尼奥的—— +我请你听好了——做兄弟的竟然 +会这样背信——世界上除了你以外 +他是我的最爱还托付他 +管理我邦的政务那时候啊 +所有城邦中要数米兰第一 +而普洛斯彼罗是至尊公爵享有如此 +殊荣说到人文素养7 +无人能比。我既一心一意钻研 +便把政务交给弟弟 +对我邦大事愈发生疏因为全神 +贯注于玄秘研究。你那虚伪的叔父—— +你在听吗 +米兰达　大人专注极了。 +普洛斯彼罗　一旦学会了怎样答应请托 +怎样拒绝该升迁哪个该把哪个 +野心大的压一压重新任命 +我原来的僚属或改派职务 +或新设职位等到掌控了 +官员与官位使全邦人心 +都听他发号施令他就成了 +那爬藤掩蔽了我王者的躯干 +还吸吮我的精髓。——你没在听。 +米兰达　啊好大人我有。 +普洛斯彼罗　我请你听好了。 +我这般荒废俗务完全 +独处专注于修炼我的智能 +单单这样退隐研究就远非 +凡夫俗子所能理解我那虚伪的弟弟 +更起了祸心于是我的信任 +像纯良的父亲竟然生出 +相反的虚假而且程度大得 +如同我的信任——那真是无限量、 +无止境的信赖。他如此这般 +不仅掌管了我赋税的收入 +还有我权力所能要求的一切。就像 +惯说谎言的人相信自己的真实 +使自己的记忆成为罪人 +好遮掩他的谎言他竟然 +相信自己真的是公爵篡夺爵位 +以公爵之尊执行职务 +享有一切特权。于是他的野心增长—— +你在听吗 +米兰达　大人您的故事可以治好聋子。 +普洛斯彼罗　为了使他扮演的和他所替代的中间 +没有阻隔他势必要成为独尊的 +米兰公爵。我呢——可怜人——我的藏书室 +就是够大的公国日常公爵的庶务 +他认为我已无能处理。他去勾结—— +因为渴求权力——那不勒斯国王 +向他缴纳年贡向他效忠 +以自己的小王冠8臣服于他的王冠 +使从未俯首的我邦——唉可怜的米兰—— +卑躬屈膝可耻已极。 +米兰达　啊天哪 +普洛斯彼罗　你听他的契约和结果再告诉我 +这算不算是兄弟9。 +米兰达　我若认为祖母不贞洁 +便是犯罪了 +好母亲也会生出坏儿子。 +普洛斯彼罗　现在说那契约。 +那不勒斯国王一向是我的 +死对头就同意我弟弟的要求 +也就是他接受了俯首称臣 +以及为数不知多少的进贡 +作为回报应立即把我和家人 +从米兰根除并把大好的米兰 +和它所有的荣衔赐给我弟弟。于是 +招募了一支叛军在注定的 +某一天午夜安东尼奥打开了 +米兰的城门在死寂的黑暗中 +办事的人把我和哭啼的你 +匆忙逐出去。 +米兰达　哀哉可怜哪 +我记不得当时怎么哭的 +要再哀哭一次这种场合 +会拧出我的眼泪。 +普洛斯彼罗　再听我多讲一点 +然后我就把你带回我们 +眼前这件事没有它我这故事 +就不着边际了。 +米兰达　为什么他们不在 +当时灭了我们 +普洛斯彼罗　问得好丫头。我的故事 +会引发这问题。宝贝他们不敢 +我的百姓十分爱我也没敢在 +这件事情上打上血腥的记号倒是 +用好看的颜色涂抹他们丑陋的目的。 +简单说他们赶我们上了一条船 +带我们出海约有几里格在那里备有 +一个朽坏的木桶没有任何配备 +没有工具、船帆没有桅杆就连老鼠 +都本能地离开了。你我被丢进去 +向着朝我们咆哮的大海哭泣向着 +海风哀叹海风怜悯地回报以哀叹 +虽是有情却害了我们10。 +米兰达　哎呀我那时 +是您多大的累赘啊 +普洛斯彼罗　啊你是我的 +保命小天使。我向大海滴下 +咸咸泪水因重担而呻吟 +这时上天赐给你的刚毅 +使你绽放微笑这就激起了我 +坚忍的勇气无惧于 +未来的遭遇。 +米兰达　我们怎么上岸的 +普洛斯彼罗坐下 +普洛斯彼罗　靠着上天恩典。 +我们有一些食物还有些淡水是 +一位那不勒斯贵族贡柴罗—— +他那时受命负责这个计划—— +出于慈悲给我们的另外还 +有华服、织物、杂项、必需品 +后来都派上用场。同样出于好意 +他知道我爱书从我的图书室 +给了我一些卷册这些是我 +珍爱超过我的公国的。 +米兰达　但愿我能 +见到那个人。 +普洛斯彼罗　现在我要起来了11 +普洛斯彼罗起身 +你还是坐好听我们海上伤心事的结尾。 +我们来到这个岛在这里 +我当你的教师使你比别的公主 +更有长进她们把更多闲暇 +用于无意义的事老师也没那么关心。 +米兰达　愿上天报答您。现在我求您大人 +因为这事还在我心里搅扰您为何 +要兴起这海上风暴 +普洛斯彼罗　这就要知道 +由于极为奇妙的意外宽宏的命运之神—— +如今是我亲爱的夫人12——已经把我的仇家 +带到岸边。而我通过预知的能力 +发现我的命盘最高点要依靠 +一颗最吉祥的星星它的影响力 +我现在若不追求反而忽视我的运势 +就会永远衰败。到此别再问了 +你想睡了。这睡意很好 +就顺着它吧。我知道你别无选择。—— +米兰达入睡 +过来仆人来。我已经预备好了。 +过来好爱丽儿来吧。 +爱丽儿上 +爱丽儿　大王万福尊贵的主万福我是来 +满足您一切心愿的。无论是飞翔 +是游泳是跳入火坑是腾上 +卷云只要是您权威的吩咐 +爱丽儿无不全力以赴13。 +普洛斯彼罗　精灵你可曾 +执行我的命令完整地演出暴风雨 +爱丽儿　每一项都做了。 +我上了国王的船一会儿在船头 +一会儿在船腰、甲板在每间船舱 +我化成吓人的火焰时而我自行分身 +四处放火在中桅、桅杆间的横木、 +船首斜桅上我分别燃烧 +然后并成一团。天神乔武14的闪电 +恐怖雷鸣的先行者也不及我 +迅速眼睛都跟不上。火焰和霹雳 +如地狱般呼号似乎要围攻力大 +无比的海神使他胆大的波涛战栗 +没错他恐怖的三叉戟发抖。 +普洛斯彼罗　我的好精灵 +有谁镇静、安稳连这场骚乱都 +无法搅扰他的理智 +爱丽儿　没有哪一个 +不感到激动疯狂做出 +绝望时的怪异举动。除了水手人人 +都跳入白沫飞溅的海里逃离那艘 +随着我起火的船王子腓迪南 +头发倒竖——像芦苇不像头发—— +是头一个跳海的大喊“地狱都空了 +所有魔鬼都在这里。” +普洛斯彼罗　啊我的好精灵 +但不是到了岸边了吗 +爱丽儿　很近了主人。 +普洛斯彼罗　可是爱丽儿他们可平安 +爱丽儿　毫发无损。 +他们浮水的衣服上没有任何污斑 +反而比先前更新。而且照你的吩咐 +我把他们一组组分散在岛上。 +国王的儿子我让他独自上岸 +留他在岛上一个僻静的角落 +叹着气吹凉了空气坐在那儿 +手臂像这样打着伤心的结。 +交叉双臂 +普洛斯彼罗　关于国王的大船、 +水手们说说你是如何处置的 +还有船队的其他人 +爱丽儿　安全停在港里 +国王的船。在那深深隐秘处有一回 +你要我到风暴不断的百慕大采露15 +半夜叫我起来去的地方船藏在那里。 +水手们全都安顿在甲板下 +我念了个咒加上他们遭受的劳累 +使他们睡着了。至于其他船只—— +被我打散的——又都聚拢 +如今在地中海上 +悲伤地驶回那不勒斯 +他们以为亲眼见到王船遇难 +国王驾崩。 +普洛斯彼罗　爱丽儿给你的任务 +完全做到了但还有别的工作。 +现在什么时候了 +爱丽儿　过了正午。 +普洛斯彼罗　至少两个沙漏钟16。从现在到六点 +这段时间我们必须珍惜使用。 +爱丽儿　还有别的苦工吗既然你要我工作 +容我提醒你你答应过我的事 +现在还没做到。 +普洛斯彼罗　怎么啦不开心 +你能有什么要求 +爱丽儿　我的自由。 +普洛斯彼罗　在时限未满之前别提了 +爱丽儿　我请你 +记得我对你服务良好 +不曾对你撒谎没做错事伺候你 +既无怨恨也无牢骚。你确实答应过 +减免我一整年劳役。 +普洛斯彼罗　你难道忘了 +我把你从多大的折磨中解救出来 +爱丽儿　没有。 +普洛斯彼罗　你忘了。以为很了不得 +能脚踩海底泥浆 +在锐利的北风中奔驰 +在霜冻的时候替我 +到地脉办事。 +爱丽儿　我没有大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你撒谎邪恶的东西你难道忘了 +那可恶的巫婆西考拉克斯她又老又坏 +身体驼成了一圈你难道忘了她吗 +爱丽儿　没有大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你忘了。她出生在哪里说告诉我。 +爱丽儿　大人在阿尔及尔。 +普洛斯彼罗　哦是这样啊我得要 +每个月重讲一遍你的过去—— +你都忘了。这个该死的巫婆西考拉克斯 +因为作恶多端搬弄巫术 +骇人听闻你知道的从 +阿尔及尔被赶出来。只因她做过的一件事 +他们没有要她的命。这不是真的吗 +爱丽儿　是的大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　这个蓝眼皮的巫婆怀着身孕被带来 +水手们把她留在这里。你我的奴才 +照你自己所说当时是她的仆人。 +而因为你是个太柔弱的精灵 +受不了她那粗蛮可恶的指挥 +拒绝了她的重大命令。 +她盛怒难消之下靠着 +比较有力的手下帮助把你 +关在一棵裂开的松树里 +你被囚禁在那树缝中痛苦了 +十二年。在那期间她死了 +留你在那里呻吟不已 +像水车叶片打到水面。当时这座岛—— +除了她在这里落下的崽子、 +巫婆所产长满斑点的小畜生——没有 +一个人类。 +爱丽儿　是的凯列班她的儿子。 +普洛斯彼罗　蠢货17我说。他那个凯列班 +我留下来使唤的家伙。你最清楚 +我见到你时你受的什么苦。你的呻吟 +叫狼子嚎哭穿透怒熊的 +胸膛。那种折磨是要用来 +对付下地狱者的连西考拉克斯 +也无法解除。是我的法术 +当我到来听见了你的痛呼打开了 +那松树放你出来。 +爱丽儿　谢谢你主人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你再嘟哝我就撕裂一棵栎树 +把你钉在它纠结的五脏里直到 +你哀嚎满十二个冬天。 +爱丽儿　请原谅主人。 +我会顺服命令 +乖乖做我精灵该做的。 +普洛斯彼罗　就这么办。两天之后 +我就放了你。 +爱丽儿　高贵的主人 +要我做什么请说要我做什么 +普洛斯彼罗　去把自己扮成海上仙女 +只有你我看得到别人的 +眼睛都不能见。去打扮好 +再回来这里。去认真办事去 +[爱丽儿]下 +醒醒心肝醒醒。你睡得很好。醒来。 +对米兰达 +米兰达　您那故事不可思议 +使我睡意浓浓。 +普洛斯彼罗　驱散它。跟我来。 +咱们去看我那奴才凯列班他从不 +好言好语回答我们。 +米兰达　这是个恶棍大人我不要看他。 +普洛斯彼罗　但情势如此 +我们少不了他。他替我们生火、 +担木柴做些对我们有利的 +差事。喂喝奴才凯列班 +你这泥块你说话啊 +凯列班　里面还有足够木柴。 +幕内 +普洛斯彼罗　出来我说还有别的事要你做。 +来你这乌龟什么时候 +爱丽儿扮成水中仙女上 +精美的幻影曼妙的爱丽儿 +耳朵凑过来。 +爱丽儿　主人一定照办。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　你这恶毒的奴才魔鬼在你 +邪恶老娘肚子里搞出来的东西快出来 +凯列班上 +凯列班　愿我娘用乌鸦羽毛从毒泥潭 +抹上来的最毒的露水滴在 +你们两个身上愿西南风18吹上你们 +叫你们浑身长水疱 +普洛斯彼罗　为此今夜保管要叫你抽筋 +侧边疼痛叫你不能呼吸刺猬19 +会通宵达旦都在你身上 +做日常工作——你会被刺戳得 +密密麻麻像蜂巢一般每一刺 +都比做蜂巢的蜜蜂所螫还痛。 +凯列班　我得吃饭才行。 +这座岛原是我娘西考拉克斯传给我的 +你夺了去。你刚来的时候 +用手抚摸我疼爱我给我里头 +放了莓果20的水喝还教我怎么 +称呼白天和夜晚发亮的 +大光跟小光。那时候我爱你 +带你看遍岛上的风貌 +淡水泉、咸水坑、荒地和沃土。 +我该死竟那样做愿西考拉克斯一切 +蛊物——蛤蟆、甲虫、蝙蝠——都降到你们身上 +因为我当初是我自己的王 +如今成了你唯一的臣民 +你把我圈在这硬石窟里 +和整个岛隔离。 +普洛斯彼罗　你这漫天撒谎的奴才 +鞭子可以感动你慈善没用尽管你是 +脏东西我还是以仁慈的关切待你让你 +住在我自己的洞里直到你企图强暴 +我的孩子。 +凯列班　喔呵喔呵那件事做成了可就好啦 +你不让我做否则我早在这岛上 +生满凯列班了。 +米兰达　可憎的奴才 +什么好的都不肯学 +一切坏的无所不为。我是可怜你 +费心教你说话每个钟点都教你 +一样东西。野人你当时不懂 +自己讲什么只是叽里咕噜像那 +最粗暴的野兽我还教你言辞 +表达你的意思。然而由于你的恶性—— +尽管学习了——里面还是有善性 +无法共存之处。因此你被关在 +这石窟里罪有应得其实 +关进监狱里都算轻罚了。 +凯列班　你教我语言我得到的好处 +是知道怎样诅咒。愿红疮要你的命 +因为你教我你的语言。 +普洛斯彼罗　巫婆子孙滚 +把木柴给我们扛进来要快。你最好 +也打别的杂。你敢耸肩浑球 +假如我的吩咐你不做或是 +做得不情不愿我就罚你抽筋抽不停 +叫你一身骨头痛楚使你吼叫 +声音大得连野兽听了都要发抖。 +凯列班　不要求求你。—— +我必须服从他的法力太强 +旁白 +能够控制我娘的神赛得玻21 +去当他的奴仆。 +普洛斯彼罗　好了奴才快去 +凯列班下 +腓迪南上爱丽儿隐形上边弹边唱 +爱丽儿　快来这黄沙滩上唷 +歌 +手儿牵着手。 +屈个膝亲一亲 +浪涛就平静。 +曼妙舞步到处跳 +可爱的精灵啊你们要 +唱副歌。 +[众精灵　幕内唱]副歌散乱地 +听啊听汪喔 +看门狗在叫汪喔。 +爱丽儿　听啊听我听到 +趾高气扬的雄鸡叫 +高唱咯咯啼哆哆。 +腓迪南　这音乐在哪儿在天上在地下 +这会儿停了。一定是唱给 +岛上什么神明的。我坐在岸边 +还在哀哭我父王遇难 +这音乐从水上飘过来 +甜美乐音平息了怒涛 +和我的伤痛。我一路跟着—— +也许是它引领我——可是停了。 +不又开始了。 +爱丽儿　令尊躺在五处22 +歌 +骸骨已然成珊瑚 +珍珠乃是他双目。 +全身骨肉虽朽腐 +一经大海精细雕 +成为珍贵稀世宝。 +海仙敲钟常纪念 +[众精灵　幕内唱]副歌叮咚。 +爱丽儿　听啊听叮咚声连连。 +腓迪南　这小调的确在悼念淹死的家父。 +这不是凡俗事物世上也没有 +这种声音。此刻就在我头上。 +普洛斯彼罗　打开你的眼帘 +告诉我你看到那边有什么。 +米兰达　那是什么啊是个精灵吗 +天哪它在东张西望大人我真觉得 +它长得好英俊。但它是个精灵。 +普洛斯彼罗　不对丫头。它也吃也睡也有跟咱们 +一样的感觉一样的。你看的这位帅哥 +遭了船难。若不是他因为哀伤而略有 +愁容——哀伤会破坏美貌——你可以说他 +长得挺好的。他失去了伙伴 +到处找他们呢。 +米兰达　我要称他为 +仙品因为我见过的人 +从没这么高贵的。 +普洛斯彼罗　有苗头了我看 +旁白 +正中我的下怀。——精灵啊好精灵 +对爱丽儿 +因你办了这件事我两天之内就释放你。 +腓迪南　一定是了这是那些歌声 +侍候的女神请准许我的祈祷 +告诉我您是否住在这岛上 +可否给我一些好指点 +让我知道在这里该当如何。最后 +也最重要的是——啊惊为天人23的您—— +您是个少女24不是 +米兰达　没什么可惊的先生 +但确实是少女。 +腓迪南　讲我的语言天哪 +讲这语言的人里我最高贵 +如果是在讲这语言的地方。 +普洛斯彼罗　怎么说最高贵 +这要让那不勒斯国王听到你成了什么 +腓迪南　孤家寡人25像现在这样听你说起 +那不勒斯国王我很诧异。他听得见我26 +而因此我落泪。我就是那不勒斯的王 +双眼目睹我父王船难泪水 +没有停过。 +米兰达　哀哉好可怜 +腓迪南　是啊真的还有他的全部大臣米兰公爵 +和他英俊的儿子也失散了。27 +普洛斯彼罗　米兰公爵 +旁白 +和他更俊的女儿可以质疑你 +但现在不合适。他们才一见面 +就眉来眼去。——机灵的爱丽儿 +对爱丽儿 +为此我要释放你。——过来说句话少爷 +对腓迪南 +我只怕你搞错了什么28。过来说句话。 +米兰达　为什么父亲话说得这么凶这 +才是我见过的第三个男人是第一个 +使我思慕的。愿怜悯打动父亲 +跟我同样想法。 +腓迪南　啊您若是闺女 +感情也没有他属我要让你 +成为那不勒斯的王后。 +普洛斯彼罗　且慢先生还要跟你说句话呢。—— +他们俩都爱上对方了但这事进展太快 +旁白 +我得弄得困难些免得奖品赢得轻易 +变得没价值。——还有话要说。我命令你 +对腓迪南 +仔细听我说你在这里篡夺了 +不属于你的名号来到 +这岛上当奸细想要偷取 +本岛主的岛。 +腓迪南　不然。我堂堂一个男子汉。 +米兰达　不会有任何邪物存在这座神庙29 +假如邪灵有这么美好的居所 +美善事物必然会抢着进去住。 +普洛斯彼罗　跟我来。—— +对腓迪南 +你别替他讲话他是个叛贼。——过来 +对米兰达/对腓迪南 +我要锁上你的脖子和双脚 +给你喝海水你的食物是 +淡水河蚌30、枯干的根茎还有 +橡实的壳。跟过来。 +腓迪南　不 +我要反抗这种待遇除非 +我的敌人力量胜得过我。 +他拔剑但被法术所制动弹不得 +米兰达　啊亲爱的父亲 +不要给他太鲁莽的考验 +他温文有礼并不可怕31。 +普洛斯彼罗　什么哼 +你小子来教训我——把剑收起来叛贼。 +对腓迪南 +你摆摆架势却不敢打你的良心 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/shakespeare-zh-en-2000.txt b/data/shakespeare-zh-en-2000.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c3a0a790af905b39adf4b077893d1b621f46bbfa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/shakespeare-zh-en-2000.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2000 @@ +总目录 +暴风雨莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +维洛那二绅士莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +快乐的温莎巧妇莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +一报还一报莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +错误的喜剧莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +无事生非莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +爱的徒劳莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +仲夏夜之梦莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +威尼斯商人莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +皆大欢喜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +驯悍记莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +终成眷属莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +第十二夜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +冬天的故事莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +科利奥兰纳斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +罗密欧与朱丽叶莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +雅典的泰门莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +尤力乌斯·凯撒莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +麦克白莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +哈姆莱特莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +李尔王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +奥瑟罗莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +辛白林莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +约翰王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查二世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利五世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世中莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查三世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利八世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰尔亲王佩力克里斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +两贵亲莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +莎士比亚诗集莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +Copyright © Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2016 +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. +本书版权由外语教学与研究出版社独家所有。如未获得该社书面同意书中任何部分之文字及图片不得用任何方式抄袭、节录、翻印或存储利用于任何数据库及检索系统等。 +Published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press +No. 19 Xisanhuan Beilu +Beijing, China 100089 +http://www.fltrp.com +京权图字01-2015-5979 +The Tempest +Copyright©The Royal Shakespeare Company, 2007 +All rights reserved +Published by arrangement with Random House, an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc. +图书在版编目CIP数据 +暴风雨英汉对照英莎士比亚Shakespeare, W.著彭镜禧译—北京外语教学与研究出版社2016.3 +莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本辜正坤等主编 +书名原文The Tempest +ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +I①暴…　II①莎…　②彭…　III①英语汉语对照读物　②多幕剧剧本英国中世纪　IV① H319.4I +中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字2016第055784号 +出版人　　蔡剑峰 +项目负责　姚　虹　李　云 +责任编辑　文雪琴 +封面设计　奇文云海　设计顾问 +出版发行　外语教学与研究出版社 +社　　址　北京市西三环北路19号100089 +网　　址　http://www.fltrp.com +版　　次　2016年4月第1版 +书　　号　ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +凡侵权、盗版书籍线索请联系我社法律事务部 +举报电话01088817519 +电子邮箱banquan@fltrp.com +法律顾问立方律师事务所　刘旭东律师 +　　　　　中咨律师事务所　殷　斌律师 +目　录 +出版说明 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +《暴风雨》导言 +暴风雨 +宁静中的暴风雨——译后记 +Introduction to The Tempest +The Tempest +User's Guide +返回总目录 +·1623年历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本First Folio由莎士比亚的演员同僚们结集出版。 +·2007年英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company邀约当今世界顶级莎学专家乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate和埃里克·拉斯姆森Eric Rasmussen对第一对开本进行了三百多年来的首次全面修订推出了新版《莎士比亚全集》。 +·2015年外语教学与研究出版社以上述新版《莎士比亚全集》为蓝本特邀当今华语翻译界和莎学界知名学者将流传下来的莎士比亚全部作品进行全新重译遂有此集。 +出版说明 +1623年莎士比亚的演员同僚们倾注心血结集出版了历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本这是三百多年来许多导演和演员最为钟爱的莎士比亚文本。2007年由英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company推出的《莎士比亚全集》则是对第一对开本首次全面的修订。 +本套《莎士比亚全集》新汉译本正是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》翻译而成。为了让读者在阅读译本的时候也能够了解到原版的辑注风格与成果也为了方便对照查阅出版者在版式呈现上尽量遵照原版译本的凡例说明如下 +一、文体剧文有诗体和散体之分。在英文行文中诗行的标志是未及最右行末即转行且每行的首字母大写。文字连排直至最右行末转行的则为散体。中文译文对此均遵照原版处理。 +二、舞台提示 +1角色的上场与下场。在对开本中角色的上场、下场标示比较完备原版编辑者亦尽量忠实地予以了保留。在缺漏或需作订正的地方以方括号进行标注如[and Attendants]。中文译文在处理上对应英文保留了同样的标注如[及众侍从]。 +2其他舞台提示。表示其他舞台活动、改变说活对象、旁白等的舞台提示在对开本中很少出现大多为当代编辑者所添加。皇家版编辑者试图将这类指导性的directorial提示与对开本式的Folio-style提示区分开来前者置于每页最右侧采用了另一种字体当然对这种提示类型的判断存在主观的因素。有时亦有不确定的情形出现于是编辑者给予了允许选择的提示如Aside旁白表示某行剧文既可作为旁白亦可当作对话又如某个舞台活动置于箭头↓↓之间表示它可发生在一场戏中的多个不同时刻。中文译文亦遵照原版处理。 +愿广大读者在品味译者的佳文时亦体验到辑注的精审想必会有一番意想不到的新收获。 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +辜正坤 +他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。 +这是英国大作家本·琼森Ben Jonson在第一部《莎士比亚全集》Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies, 1623扉页上题诗中的诗行。三百多年来莎士比亚在全球逐步成为一个家喻户晓的名字似乎与这句预言在在呼应。但这并非偶然言中有许多因素可以解释莎士比亚这一巨大的文化现象产生的必然性。最关键的至少有下面几点。 +首先其作品内容具有惊人的多样性。世界上很难有第二个作家像莎士比亚这样能够驾驭如此广阔的题材。他的作品内容几乎无所不包称得上英国社会的百科全书。帝王将相、走卒凡夫、才子佳人、恶棍屠夫……一切社会阶层都展现于他的笔底。从海上到陆地从宫廷到民间从国际到国内从灵界到凡尘……笔锋所指无处不至。悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、传奇剧叙事诗、抒情诗……都成为他显示天才的文学样式。从哲理的韵味到浪漫的爱情从盘根错节的叙述到一唱三叹的诗思波涛汹涌的情怀妙夺天工的笔触凡开卷展读者无不为之拊掌称绝。即使只从莎士比亚使用过的海量英语词汇来看也令人产生仰之弥高的感觉。德国语言学家马克斯·缪勒Max Müller原以为莎士比亚使用过的词汇最多为15,000个事后证明这当然是小看了语言大师的词汇储藏量。美国教授爱德华·霍尔登Edward Holden经过一番考察后认为至少达24,000个。可是他哪里知道这依然是一种低估。有学者甚至声称用电脑检索出莎士比亚用的词汇多达43,566个当然这些数据还不是莎士比亚作品之所以产生空前影响的关键因素。 +其次但也许是更重要的原因他的作品具有极高的娱乐性。文学作品的生命力在于它能寓教于乐。莎士比亚的作品不是枯燥的说教而是能够给予读者或观众极大艺术享受的娱乐性创造物往往具有明显的煽情效果有意刺激人的欲望。这种艺术取向当然不是纯粹为了娱乐而娱乐掩藏在背后的是当时西方人强有力的人本主义精神即用以人为本的价值观来对抗欧洲上千年来以神为本的宗教价值观。重欲望、重娱乐的人本主义倾向明显对重神灵、重禁欲的神本主义产生了极大的挑战。当然莎士比亚的人本主义与中国古人所主张的人本主义有很大的区别。要而言之前者在相当大的程度上肯定了人的本能欲望或原始欲望的正当性而后者则主要强调以人的仁爱为本规范人类社会秩序的高尚的道德要求。二者都具有娱乐效果但前者具有纵欲性或开放性娱乐效果后者则具有节欲性或适度自律性娱乐效果。换句话说对于16、17世纪的西方人来说莎士比亚的作品暗中契合了试图挣脱过分禁欲的宗教教义的约束而走向个性解放的千百万西方人的娱乐追求因此它会取得巨大成功是势所必然的。 +第三时势造英雄。人类其实从来不缺善于煽情的作手或视野宏阔的巨匠缺的常常是时势和机遇。莎士比亚的时代恰恰是英国文艺复兴思潮达到鼎盛的时代。禁欲千年之久的欧洲社会如堤坝围裹的宏湖表面上浪静风平其底层却汹涌着决堤的纵欲性暗流。一旦湖堤洞开飞涛大浪呼卷而下浩浩汤汤汇作长河而莎士比亚恰好是河面上乘势而起的弄潮儿其迎合西方人情趣的精湛表演遂赢得两岸雷鸣般的喝彩声。时势不光涵盖社会发展的总趋势也牵连着别的因素。比如说文学或文化理论界、政治意识形态对莎士比亚作品理解、阐释的多样性与莎士比亚作品本身内容的多样性产生相辅相成的效果。“说不尽的莎士比亚”成了西方学术界的口头禅。西方的每一种意识形态理论尤其是文学理论要想获得有效性都势必会将阐释莎士比亚的作品作为试金石。17世纪初的人文主义18世纪的启蒙主义19世纪的浪漫主义20世纪的现实主义或批判现实主义都不同程度地、选择性地把莎士比亚作品作为阐释其理论特点的例证。也许17世纪的古典主义曾经阻遏过西方人对莎士比亚作品的过度热情但是19世纪的浪漫主义流派却把莎士比亚作品推崇到无以复加的崇高地位莎士比亚俨然成了西方文学的神灵。20世纪以来西方资本主义阵营和社会主义阵营可以说在意识形态的各个方面都互相对立势同水火可是在对待莎士比亚的问题上居然有着惊人的共识与默契。不用说社会主义阵营的立场与社会主义理论的创始者马克思Karl Marx、恩格斯Friedrich Engels个人的审美情趣息息相关。马克思一家都是莎士比亚的粉丝马克思称莎士比亚为“人类最伟大的天才之一人类文学奥林波斯山上的宙斯”他号召作家们要更加莎士比亚化。恩格斯甚至指出“单是《温莎的风流娘儿们》的第一幕就比全部德国文学包含着更多的生活气息。”不用说这些话多多少少有某种程度的文学性夸张但对莎士比亚的崇高地位来说却无疑产生了极大的推动作用。 +第四1623年版《莎士比亚全集》奠定莎士比亚崇拜传统。这个版本即眼前译本所依据的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》The RSC William Shakespeare: Complete Works, 2007的主要内容。该版本产生于莎士比亚去世的第七年。莎士比亚的舞台同仁赫明奇John Heminge和康德尔Henry Condell整理出版了第一部莎士比亚戏剧集。当时的大学者、大作家本·琼森为之题诗诗中写道“他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。”这个调子奠定了莎士比亚偶像崇拜的传统。而这个传统一旦形成后人就难以反抗。英国文学中的莎士比亚偶像崇拜传统已经形成了一种自我完善、自我调整、自我更新的机制。至少近两百年来莎士比亚的文学成就已被宣传成世界文学的顶峰。 +第五现在署名“莎士比亚”的作品很可能不只是莎士比亚一个人的成果而是凝聚了当时英国若干戏剧创作精英的团体努力。众多大作家的智慧浓缩在以“莎士比亚”为代号的作品集中其成就的伟大性自然就获得了解释。当然这最后一点只是莎士比亚研究界若干学者的研究性推测远非定论。有的莎士比亚著作爱好者害怕一旦证明莎士比亚不是署名为“莎士比亚”的著作的作者莎士比亚的著作便失去了价值这完全是杞人忧天。道理很简单人们即使证明了《红楼梦》的作者不是曹雪芹或《三国演义》的作者不是罗贯中也丝毫不影响这些作品的伟大价值。同理人们即使证明了《莎士比亚全集》不是莎士比亚一个人创作的也丝毫不会影响《莎士比亚全集》是世界文学中的伟大作品这个事实反倒会更有力地证明这个事实因为集体的智慧远胜于个人。 +皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本翻译总思路 +横亘于前的这套新译本是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》进行翻译的而皇家版又正是以本·琼森题过诗的1623年版《莎士比亚全集》为主要依据。 +这套译本是在考察了中国现有的各种译本后根据新的历史条件和新的翻译目的打造出来的。其总的翻译思路是本套译本主编会同外语教学与研究出版社的相关领导和责任编辑讨论的结果。总起来说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本在翻译思路上主要遵循了以下几条 +1版本依据。如上所述本版汉译本译文以英国皇家版《莎士比亚全集》为基本依据。但在翻译过程中译者亦酌情参阅了其他版本以增进对原作的理解。 +2翻译内容包括内页所含全部文字。例如作品介绍与评论、正文、注释等。 +3注释处理问题。对于注释的处理1翻译时如果正文译文已经将英文版某注释的基本含义较准确地表达出来了则该注释即可取消2如果正文译文只是部分地将英文版对应注释的基本含义表达出来则该注释可以视情况部分或全部保留3如果注释本身存疑可以在保留原注的情况下加入译者的新注。但是所加内容务必有理有据。 +4翻译风格问题。对于风格的处理1在整体风格上译文应该尽量逼肖原作整体风格包括以诗体译诗体以散体译散体2版式风格亦尽量保留例如页边行号数码亦应在译文中保留俾便读者索查原文3在具体的文字传输处理上通常应该注重汉译本身的文字魅力增强汉译本的可读性。不宜太白话不宜太文言文白用语宜尽量自然得体。句子不要太绕注意汉语自身表达的句法结构尤其是其逻辑表达方式。意义的异化性不等于文字形式本身的异化性因此要注意用汉语的归化性来传输、保留原作含义的异化性。朱生豪先生的译本语言流畅、可读性强但可惜不是诗体有违原作形式。当下译本是要在承传朱先生译本优点的基础上根据新时代的读者审美趣味取得新的进展。梁实秋先生等的译本在达意的准确性上比朱译有所进步也是我们应该吸纳的优点。但是梁译文采不足则须注意避其短。方平先生等的译本也把莎士比亚翻译往前推进了一步在进行大规模诗体翻译方面作出了宝贵的尝试但是离真正的诗体尚有距离。此外前此的所有译本对于莎士比亚原作的色情类用语都有程度不同的忽略本套皇家版译本则尽力在此方面还原莎士比亚的本真状态论述见后文。其他还有一些译本亦都应该受到我们的关注处理原则类推。每种译本都有自己独特的东西。我们希望美的译文是这套译本的突出特点。 +5借鉴他种汉译本问题。凡是我们曾经参考过的较好的译本都在适当的地方加以注明承认前辈译者的功绩。借鉴利用是完全必要的但是要正大光明避免暗中抄袭。 +6具体翻译策略问题特别关键下文将其单列进行陈述。 +莎士比亚作品翻译领域大转折真正的诗体译本 +莎士比亚首先是一个诗人。莎士比亚的作品基本上都以诗体写成。因此要想尽可能还原本真的莎士比亚就必须将莎士比亚作品翻译成为诗体而不是散文这在莎学界已经成为共识。但是紧接而来的问题是什么叫诗体或需要什么样的诗体 +按照我们的想法1所谓诗体首先是措辞上的诗味必须尽可能浓郁2节奏上的诗味包括分行等要予以高度重视3结合中国人的审美习惯剧文可以押韵也可以不押韵。但不押韵的剧文首先要满足前两个要求。 +本全集翻译原计划由笔者一个人来完成。但是莎士比亚的创作具有惊人的多样性其作品来源也明显具有莎士比亚时代若干其他作家与作品的痕迹因此完全由某一个译者翻译成一种风格也许难免偏颇难以和莎士比亚风格的多样性相呼应。所以集众人的力量来完成大业应该更加合理更加具有可操作性。 +具体说来新时代提出了什么要求简而言之就是用真正的诗体翻译莎士比亚的诗体剧文。这个任务是朱生豪先生无法完成的。朱先生说过他在翻译莎士比亚作品时“当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命”。1显然朱先生也考虑过用诗体来翻译莎士比亚著作的问题但是他的结论是第一靠单独一个人用诗体翻译《莎士比亚全集》是办不到的会因此累死第二他用散文翻译也是不得已的办法因为只有这样他才有可能在有生之年完成《莎士比亚全集》的翻译工作。 +将《莎士比亚全集》翻译成诗体比翻译成散文体要难得多。难到什么程度呢和朱生豪先生的翻译进度比较一下就知道了。朱先生翻译得最快的时候一天可以翻译一万字。2为什么会这么快朱先生才华过人这当然是一个因素但关键因素是他是用散文翻译的。用真正的诗体就不一样了。以笔者自己的体验今日照样用散文翻译莎士比亚剧本最快时也可达到每日一万字。这是因为今日的译者有比以前更完备的注释本和众多的前辈汉译本作参考至少在理解原著时要比朱先生当年省力得多所以翻译速度上最高达到一万字是不难的。但是翻译成诗体就是另外一回事了。这比自己写诗还要难得多。写诗是自己随意发挥译诗则必须按照别人的意思发挥等于是戴着镣铐跳舞。笔者自己写诗诗兴浓时一天数百行都可以写得出来但是翻译诗一天只能是几十行统计成字数往往还不到一千字最多只是朱生豪先生散文翻译速度的十分之一。梁实秋先生翻译《莎士比亚全集》用的也是散文但是也花了37年如果要翻译成真正的诗体那么至少得370年由此可见真正的诗体《莎士比亚全集》汉译本的诞生有多么艰难。此次笔者约稿的各位译者都是用诗体翻译并且都表示花费了大量的时间皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本凝聚了诸位译者的多少努力也就不言而喻了。 +翻译诗体分辨不是分了行就是真正的诗 +主张将莎士比亚剧作翻译成诗体成了共识但是什么才是诗体却缺乏共识。在白话诗盛行的时代许多人只是简单地认定分了行的文字就是诗这个概念。分行只是一个初级的现代诗要求甚至不必是必然要求因为有些称为诗的文字甚至连分行形式都没有。不过在莎士比亚作品的翻译上要让译文具有诗体的特征首先是必定要分行的因为莎士比亚原作本身就有严格的分行形式。这个不用多说。但是译文按莎士比亚的方式分了行只是达到了一个初级的低标准。莎士比亚的剧文读起来像不像诗还大有讲究。 +卞之琳先生对此是颇有体会的。他的译本是分行式诗体但是他自己也并不认为他译出的莎士比亚剧本就是真正的诗体译本。他说读者阅读他的译本时“如果……不感到是诗体不妨就当散文读就用散文标准来衡量”。3这是一个诚实的译者说出的诚实话。不过卞先生很谦虚他有许多剧文其实读起来还是称得上诗体的。原因是什么原因是他注意到了笔者上文提到的两点第一诗的措辞第二诗的节奏。只不过他迫于某些客观原因并没有自始至终侧重这方面的追求而已。 +显然一些译本翻译了莎士比亚的剧文在行数上靠近莎士比亚原作措辞也还流畅。这些是不是就是理想的诗体莎士比亚译本呢笔者认为这还不够。什么是诗对于中国人来说有几千年的历史我们不能脱离这个悠久的传统来讨论这个问题。为此我们不得不重新提到一些基本概念什么是诗什么是诗歌翻译 +诗歌是语言艺术诗歌翻译也就必须是语言艺术 +讨论诗歌翻译必须从讨论诗歌开始。 +诗主情。诗言志。诚然。但诗歌首先应该是一种精妙的语言艺术。同理诗歌的翻译也就不得不首先表现为同类精妙的语言艺术。若译者的语言平庸而无光彩与原作的语言艺术程度差距太远那就最多只是原诗含义的注释性文字算不得真正的诗歌翻译。 +那么何谓诗歌的语言艺术 +无他修辞造句、音韵格律一整套规矩而已。无规矩不成方圆无限制难成大师。奥运会上所有的技能比赛无不按照特定的规矩来显示参赛者高妙的技能。德国诗人歌德Johann Wolfgang von Goethe《自然和艺术》“Natur und Kunst”一诗最末两行亦彰扬此理 +非限制难见作手 +唯规矩予人自由。4 +艺术家的“自由”得心应手之谓也。诗歌既为语言艺术自然就有一整套相应的语言艺术规则。诗人应用这套规则时一旦达到得心应手的程度那就是达到了真正成熟的境界。当然规矩并非一点都不可打破但只有能够将规矩使用到随心所欲而不逾矩的程度的人才真正有资格去创立新规矩丰富旧规矩。创新是在承传旧规则长处的基础上来进行的而不是完全推翻旧规则肆意妄为。事实证明在语言艺术上凡无视积淀千年的诗歌语言规则随心所欲地巧立名目、乱行胡来者永不可能在诗歌语言艺术上取得大的成就所以歌德认为 +若徒有放任习性 +则永难至境遨游。5 +诗歌语言艺术如此需要规则如此不可放任不羁诗歌的翻译自然也同样需要相类似的要求。这个要求就是笔者前面提出的主张若原诗是精妙的语言艺术则理论上说来译诗也应是同类精妙的语言艺术。 +但是“同类”绝非“同样”。因为由于原作和译作使用的语言载体不一样其各自产生的语言艺术规则和效果也就各有各的特点大多不可同样复制、照搬。所以译作的最高目标是尽可能在译入语的语言艺术领域达到程度大致相近的语言艺术效果。这种大致相近的艺术效果程度可叫作“最佳近似度”。它实际上也就是一种翻译标准只不过针对不同的文类最佳近似度究竟在哪些因素方面可最佳程度地并不一定是最大程度地取得近似效果不是一成不变的而是具有高度的灵活性。不同的文类甚至针对不同的受众我们都可以设定不同的最佳近似度。这点在拙著《中西诗比较鉴赏与翻译理论》清华大学出版社2010年的相关章节中有详细的厘定此不赘。 +话与诗的关系话不是诗 +古人的口语本来就是白话与现在的人说的口语是白话一个道理。 +正因为白话太俗不够文雅古人慢慢将白话进行改进使它更加规范、更加准确并且用语更加丰富多彩于是文言产生。在文言的基础上还有更文的文字现象那就是诗歌于是诗歌产生。所以就诗歌而言文言味实际上就是一种特殊的诗味。文言有浅近的文言也有佶屈聱牙的文言。中国传统诗歌绝大多数是浅近的文言但绝非口语、白话。诗中有话的因素自不待言但话的因素往往正是诗试图抑制的成分。 +文言和诗歌的产生是低俗的口语进化到高雅、准确层次的标志。文言和诗歌的进一步发展使得语言的艺术性愈益增强。最终文言和诗歌完成了艺术性语言的结晶化定型。这标志着古代文学和文学语言的伟大进步。《诗经》、楚辞、唐诗、宋词、元明戏曲以及从先秦、汉、唐、宋、元至明清的散文等都是中国语言艺术逐步登峰造极的明证。 +人们往往忘记话不是诗诗是话的升华。话据说至少有几十万年的历史而诗却只有几千年的历史。白话通过漫长的岁月才升华成了诗。因此从理论上说白话诗不是最好的诗而只是低层次的、初级的诗。当一行文字写得不像是话时它也许更像诗。“太阳落下山去了”是话硬说它是诗也只是平庸的诗人人可为。而同样含义的“白日依山尽”不像是话却是真正的诗非一般人可为只有诗人才写得出。它的语言表达方式与一般人的通用白话脱离开来了实现了与通用语的偏离deviation from the norm。这里的通用语指人们天天使用的白话。试想把唐诗宋词译成白话还有多少诗味剩下来 +谢谢古代先辈们一代又一代、不屈不挠的努力话终于进化成了诗。 +但是20世纪初一些激进的中国学者鼓荡起一场声势浩大的白话文运动。 +客观说来用白话文来书写、阅读自然科学和人文科学文献例如哲学、政治学、伦理学、经济学等等文献这都是伟大的进步。这个进步甚至可以上溯到八百多年前朱熹等大学者用白话体文章传输理学思想。对此笔者非常拥护非常赞成。 +但是约一百年前的白话诗运动却未免走向了极端事实上是一种语言艺术方面的倒退行为。已经高度进化的诗词曲形式被强行要求返祖回归到三千多年前的类似白话的状态已经高度语言艺术化了的诗被强行要求退化成话。艺术性相对较低的白话反倒成了正统艺术性较高的诗反倒成了异端。其实容许口语类白话诗和文言类诗并存这才是正确的选择。但一些激进学者故意拔高白话地位在诗歌创作领域搞成白话至上主义这就走上了极端主义道路。 +这个运动影响到诗歌翻译的结果是什么呢结果是西方所有的大诗人不论是古代的还是近代的如荷马Homer、但丁Dante、莎士比亚、歌德、雨果Victor Hugo、普希金Alexander Pushkin……都莫名其妙地似乎用同一支笔写出了20世纪初才出现的味道几乎相同的白话文汉诗 +将产生这种极端性结果的原因再回推我们会清楚地明白当年的某些学者把文学艺术简单雷同于人文社会科学误解了文学艺术尤其是诗歌艺术的特殊性质误以为诗就是话混淆了诗与话的形式因素。 +针对莎士比亚戏剧诗的翻译对策 +由上可知莎士比亚的剧文既然大多是格律诗无论有韵无韵它们都是诗都有格律性。因此在汉译中我们就有必要显示出它具有格律性而这种格律性就是诗性。 +问题在于格律性是附着在语言形式上的语言改变了附着其上的格律性也就大多会消失。换句话说格律大多不可复制或模仿这就正如用钢琴弹不出二胡的效果用古筝奏不出黑管的效果一样。但是原作的内在旋律是可以模仿的只是音色变了。原作的诗性是可以换个形式营造的这就是利用汉语本身的语言特点营造出大略类似的语言艺术审美效果。 +由于换了另外一种语言媒介原作的语音美设计大多已经不能照搬、复制甚至模拟了那么我们就只好断然舍弃掉原作的许多语音美设计而代之以译入语自身的语言艺术结构产生的语音美艺术设计。当然原作的某些语音美设计还是可以尝试模拟保留的但在通常的情况下大多数的语音美已经不可能传输或复制了。 +利用汉语本身的语音审美特点来营造莎士比亚诗歌的汉译语音审美效果是莎士比亚作品翻译的一个有效途径。机械照搬原作的语音审美模式多半会失败并且在大多数的场合下也没有必要。 +具体说来这就涉及翻译莎士比亚戏剧作品时该如何处理1节奏2韵律3措辞。笔者主张在这三个方面我们都可以适当借鉴利用中国古代词曲体的某些因素。戏剧剧文中的诗行一般都不宜多用单调的律诗和绝句体式。元明戏剧为什么没有采用前此盛行的五言或七言诗行而采用了长短错杂、众体皆备的词曲体这是一种艺术形式发展的必然。元明曲体由于要更好更灵活地满足抒情、叙事、论理等诸多需要故借用发展了词的形式但不是纯粹的词而是融入了民间语汇。词这种形式涵盖了一言、二言、三言、四言、五言、六言、七言、八言……乃至十多言的长短句式因此利于表达变化莫测的情、事、理。从这个意义上看莎士比亚剧文语言单位的参差不齐状态与中文词曲体句式的参差不齐状态正好有某种相互呼应的效果。 +也许有人说莎士比亚的剧文虽然是格律诗但并不怎么押韵因此汉诗翻译也就不必押韵。这个说法也有一定道理但是道理并不充实。 +首先我们应该明白既然莎士比亚的剧文是诗体人们读到现今的散体译文或不押韵的分行译文却难以感受到其应有的诗歌风味原因即在于其音乐性太弱。如果人们能够照搬莎士比亚素体诗所惯常用的音步效果及由此引起的措辞特点当然更好。但事实上原作的节奏效果是印欧语系语言本身的效果换了一种语言其效果就大多不能搬用了所以我们只好利用汉语本身的优势来创造新的音乐美。这种音乐美很难说是原作的音乐美但是它毕竟能够满足一点即诗体剧文应该具有诗歌应有的音乐美这个起码要求。而汉译的押韵可以强化这种音乐美。 +其次莎士比亚的剧文不押韵是由诸多因素造成的。第一属于印欧语系语言的英语在押韵方面存在先天的多音节不规则形式缺陷导致押韵词汇范围相对较窄。所以对于英国诗人来说很苦于押韵难工莎士比亚的许多押韵体诗例如十四行诗在押韵方面都不很工整。其次莎士比亚的剧文虽不押韵却在节奏方面十分考究这就弥补了音韵方面的不足。第三莎士比亚的剧文几乎绝大多数是诗行对于剧作者来说每部长达两三千行的诗行行都要押韵这是一个极大的挑战很难完成。而一旦改用素体剧作者便会轻松得多。但是以上几点对于汉语译本则不是一个问题。汉语的词汇及语音构成方式决定了它天生就是一种有利于押韵的艺术性语言。汉语存在大量同韵字押韵是一件很容易的事情。汉语的语音音调变化也比莎士比亚使用的英语的音调变化空间大一倍以上。汉语音调至少有四种加上轻重变化可达六至八种而英语的音调主要局限于轻重语调两种所以存在于印欧语系文字诗歌中的频频押韵有时会产生的单调感在汉语中会在很大程度上由于语调的多变而得到缓解。故汉语戏剧剧文在押韵方面有很大的潜在优势空间实际上元明戏剧剧文频频押韵就是证明。 +第三莎士比亚的剧文虽然很多不押韵但却具极强的节奏感。他惯用的格律多半是抑扬格五音步iambic pentameter诗行。如果我们在节奏方面难以传达原作的音美或者可以通过韵律的音美来弥补节奏美的丧失这种翻译对策谓之堤内损失堤外补亦谓失之东隅收之桑榆。我们的语言在某方面有缺陷可以通过另一方面的优点来弥补。当然笔者主张在一定程度上借鉴利用传统词曲的风味却并不主张使用宋词、元曲式的严谨格律而只是追求一种过分散文化和过分格律化之间的妥协状态。有韵但是不严格要适当注意平仄但不过多追求平仄效果及诗行的整齐与否不必有太固定的建行形式只是根据诗歌本身的内容和情绪赋予适当的节奏与韵式。在措辞上则保持与白话有一段距离但是绝非佶屈聱牙的文言而是趋近典雅、但普通读者也能读懂的语言。 +最后根据翻译标准多元互补论原理由于莎士比亚作品在内容、形式及审美效应方面具有多样性因此只用一种类乎纯诗体译法来翻译所有的莎士比亚剧文也是不完美的因为单一的做法也许无形中堵塞了其他有益的审美趣味通道。因此这套译本的译风虽然整体上强调诗化、诗味但是在营造诗味的途径和程度上不是单一的。我们允许诗体译风的灵活性和创新性。多译者译法实际上也是在探索诗体译法的诸多可能性这为我们将来进一步改进这套译本铺垫了一条较宽的道路。因此译文从严格押韵、半押韵到不押韵的各个程度译本都有涉猎。但是无论是否押韵其节奏和措辞应该总是富于诗意这个要求则是统一的。这是我们对皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本的语言和风格要求。不能说我们能完全达到这个目标但我们是往这个方向努力的。正是这样的努力使这套译本与前此译本有很大的差异在一定的意义上来说标志着中国莎士比亚著作翻译的一次大转折。 +翻译突破还原莎士比亚作品禁忌区域 +另有一个课题是中国学者从前讨论得比较少的禁忌领域即莎士比亚著作中的性描写现象。 +许多西方学者认为莎士比亚酷爱色情字眼他的著作渗透着性描写、性暗示。只要有机会他就总会在字里行间用上与性相联系的双关语。西方人很早就搜罗莎士比亚著作的此类用语编纂了莎士比亚淫秽用语词典。这类词典还不止一种。1995年我又看到弗朗基·鲁宾斯坦Frankie Rubinstein等编纂了《莎士比亚性双关语释义词典》A Dictionary of Shakespeare's Sexual Puns and Their Significance厚达372页。 +赤裸裸的性描写或过多的淫秽用语在传统中国文学作品中是受到非议的尽管有《金瓶梅》这样被判为淫秽作品的文学现象但是中国传统的主流舆论还是抑制这类作品的。莎士比亚的作品固然不是通常意义上的淫秽作品但是它的大量实际用语确实有很强的色情味。这个极鲜明的特点恰恰被前此的所有汉译本故意掩盖或在无意中抹杀掉。莎士比亚的所有汉译者尤其是像朱生豪先生这样的译者显然不愿意中国读者看到莎士比亚的文笔有非常泼辣的大量使用性相关脏话的特点。这个特点多半都被巧妙地漏译或改译。于是出现一种怪现象莎士比亚著作中有些大段的篇章变成汉语后尽管读起来是通顺的读者对这些话语却往往感到莫名其妙。以《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第一幕第一场前面的30行台词为例这是凯普莱特家两个仆人山普孙与葛莱古里之间的淫秽对话。但是读者阅读过去的汉译本时很难看到他们是在说淫秽的脏话甚至会认为这些对话只是仆人之间的胡话没有什么意义。 +不过前此的译本对这类用语和描写的态度也并不完全一样而是依据年代距离在逐步改变。朱生豪先生的译本对这些东西删除改动得最多梁实秋先生已经有所保留但还是有节制。方平先生等的译本保留得更多一些但仍然持有相当的保留态度。此外从英语的不同版本看有的版本注释得明白有的版本故意模糊有的版本注释者自己也没有弄懂这些双关语那就更别说中国译者了。 +在这一点上我们目前使用的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》是做得最好的。 +那么我们该怎样来翻译莎士比亚的这种用语呢是迫于传统中国道德取向的习惯巧妙地回避还是尽可能忠实地传达莎士比亚的本真用意我们认为前此的译本依据各自所处时代的中国人道德价值的接受状态采用了相应的翻译对策出现了某种程度的曲译这是可以理解的是特定历史条件下的产物。但是历史在前进中国人的道德观已经有了很大的改变尤其是在性禁忌领域。说实话无论我们怎样真实地还原莎士比亚著作中的性双关描写比起当代文学作品中有时无所忌讳的淫秽描写来莎士比亚还真是有小巫见大巫的感觉。换句话说目前中国人在这方面的外来道德价值接受状态已经完全可以接受莎士比亚著作中的性双关用语了。因此我们的做法是尽可能真实还原莎士比亚性相关用语的现象。在通常的情况下如果直译不能实现这种现象的传输我们就采用注释。可以说在这方面目前这个版本是所有莎士比亚汉译本中做得最超前的。 +译法示例 +莎士比亚作品的文字具有多种风格早期的、中期的和晚期的语言风格有明显区别悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、十四行诗的语言风格也有区别。甚至同样是悲剧或喜剧莎士比亚的语言风格往往也会很不相同。比如同样是属于悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》剧文中就常常有押韵的段落而大悲剧《李尔王》却很少押韵同样是喜剧《威尼斯商人》是格律素体诗而《温莎的风流娘儿们》却大多是散文体。 +与此现象相应我们的翻译当然也就有多种风格。虽然不完全一一对应但我们有意避免将莎士比亚著作翻译成千篇一律的一种文体。从这个意义上说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》汉译本在某些方面采用了全新的译法。这种全新译法不是孤立的一种译法而是力求展示多种翻译风格、多种审美尝试。多样化为我们将来精益求精提供了相对更多的选择。如果现在固定为一种单一的风格那么将来要想有新的突破就困难了。概括说来我们的多种翻译风格主要包括1有韵体诗词曲风味译法2有韵体现代文白融合译法3无韵体白话诗译法。下面依次选出若干相应风格的译例供读者和有关方面品鉴。 +一、有韵体诗词曲风味译法 +有韵体诗词曲风味译法注意使用一些传统诗词曲中诗味比较浓郁的词汇同时注意遣词不偏僻节奏比较明快音韵也比较和谐。但是它们并不是严格意义上的传统诗词曲只是带点诗词曲的风味而已。例如 +女巫甲　何时我等再相逢 +闪电雷鸣急雨中 +女巫乙　待到硝烟烽火静 +沙场成败见雌雄。 +女巫丙　残阳犹挂在西空。《麦克白》第一幕第一场 +小丑甲　当时年少爱风流 +有滋有味有甜头 +行乐哪管韶华逝 +天下柔情最销愁。《哈姆莱特》第五幕第一场 +朱丽叶　天未曙罗郎何苦别意匆忙 +鸟音啼声声亮惊骇罗郎心房。 +休听作破晓云雀歌只是夜莺唱 +石榴树间夜夜有它设歌场。 +信我罗郎端的只是夜莺轻唱。 +罗密欧　不是云雀报晓不是莺歌 +看东方无情朝阳暗洒霞光 +流云万朵镶嵌银带飘如浪。 +星斗如烛恰似残灯剩微芒 +欢乐白昼悄然驻步雾嶂群岗。 +奈何我去也则生留也必亡。 +朱丽叶　听我言天际微芒非破晓霞光 +只是金乌吐射流星当空亮 +似明炬今夜为郎朗照边邦 +何愁它曼托瓦路漫远悠长。 +且稍待正无须行色皇皇仓仓。 +罗密欧　纵身陷人手蒙斧钺加诛于刑场 +只要这勾留遂你愿我欣然承当。 +让我说那天际灰朦非黎明醒眼 +乃月神眉宇幽幽映现淡淡辉光 +那歌鸣亦非云雀之讴哪怕它 +嚣然振动于头上空冥嘹亮高亢。 +我巴不得栖身此地永不他往。 +来吧死亡倘朱丽叶愿遂此望。 +如何心肝畅谈吧趁夜色迷茫。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第三幕第五场 +二、有韵体现代文白融合译法 +有韵体现代文白融合译法的特点是基本押韵措辞上白话与文言尽量能够水乳交融充分利用诗歌的现代节奏感俾便能够念起来朗朗上口。例如 +哈姆莱特　死还是生这才是问题根本 +莫道是苦海无涯但操戈奋进 +终赢得一片清平或默对逆运 +忍受它箭石交攻敢问 +两番选择何为上乘 +死灭睡也倘借得长眠 +可治心伤愈千万肉身苦痛痕 +则岂非美境人所追寻死睡也 +睡中或有梦魇生唉症结在此 +倘能撒手这碌碌凡尘长入死梦 +又谁知梦境何形念及此忧 +不由人踌躇难定这满腹疑情 +竟使人苟延年命忍对苦难平生。 +假如借短刀一柄即可解脱身心 +谁甘愿受人世的鞭挞与讥评 +强权者的威压傲慢者的骄横 +失恋的痛楚法律的耽延 +官吏的暴虐甚或默受小人 +对贤德者肆意拳脚加身 +谁又愿肩负这如许重担 +流汗、呻吟疲于奔命 +倘非对死后的处境心存疑云 +惧那未经发现的国土从古至今 +无孤旅归来意志的迷惘 +使我辈宁愿忍受现世的忧闷 +而不敢飞身投向未知的苦境 +前瞻后顾使我们全成懦夫 +于是本色天然的决断决行 +罩上了一层思想的惨淡余阴 +只可惜诸多待举的宏图大业 +竟因此如逝水忽然转向而行 +失掉行动的名分。《哈姆莱特》第三幕第一场 +麦克白　若做了便是了则快了便是好。 +若暗下毒手却能横超果报 +割人首级却赢得绝世功高 +则一击得手便大功告成 +千了百了那么此际此宵 +身处时间之海的沙滩、岸畔 +何管它来世风险逍遥。但这种事 +现世永远有裁判的公道 +教人杀戮之策者必受杀戮之报 +给别人下毒者自有公平正义之手 +让下毒者自食盘中毒肴。《麦克白》第一幕第七场 +损神耗精愧煞了浪子风流 +都只为纵欲眠花卧柳 +阴谋好杀赌假咒坏事做到头 +心毒手狠野蛮粗暴背信弃义不知羞。 +才尝得云雨乐转眼意趣休。 +舍命追求一到手没来由 +便厌腻个透。呀恰恰像是钓钩 +但吞香饵管教你六神无主不自由。 +求时疯狂得时也疯狂 +曾有现有还想有要玩总玩不够。 +适才是甜头转瞬成苦头。 +求欢同枕前梦破云雨后。 +唉普天下谁不知这般儿歹症候 +却避不得便往这通阴曹的天堂路儿上走十四行诗第一百二十九首 +三、无韵体白话诗译法 +无韵体白话诗译法的特点是虽然不押韵但是译文有很明显的和谐节奏措辞畅达有诗味明显不是普通的口语。例如 +贡妮芮　父亲我爱您非语言所能表达 +胜过自己的眼睛、天地、自由 +超乎世上的财富或珍宝犹如 +德貌双全、康强、荣誉的生命。 +子女献爱父亲见爱至多如此 +这种爱使言语贫乏谈吐空虚 +超过这一切的比拟——我爱您。《李尔王》第一幕第一场 +李尔　国王要跟康沃尔说话慈爱的父亲 +要跟他女儿说话命令、等候他们服侍。 +这话通禀他们了吗我的气血都飙起来了 +火爆火爆公爵去告诉那烈性公爵—— +不还是别急也许他是真不舒服。 +人病了常会疏忽健康时应尽的 +责任。身子受折磨 +逼着头脑跟它受苦 +人就不由自主了。我要忍耐 +不再顺着我过度的轻率任性 +把难受病人偶然的发作错认是 +健康人的行为。我的王权废掉算了 +为什么要他坐在这里这种行为 +使我相信公爵夫妇不来见我 +是伎俩。把我的仆人放出来。 +去跟公爵夫妇讲我要跟他们说话 +现在就要。叫他们出来听我说 +不然我要在他们房门前打起鼓来 +不让他们好睡。《李尔王》第二幕第二场 +奥瑟罗　诸位德高望重的大人 +我崇敬无比的主子 +我带走了这位元老的女儿 +这是真的真的我和她结了婚说到底 +这就是我最大的罪状再也没有什么罪名 +可以加到我头上了。我虽然 +说话粗鲁不会花言巧语 +但是七年来我用尽了双臂之力 +直到九个月前我一直 +都在战场上拼死拼活 +所以对于这个世界我只知道 +冲锋向前不敢退缩落后 +也不会用漂亮的字眼来掩饰 +不漂亮的行为。不过如果诸位愿意耐心听听 +我也可以把我没有化装掩盖的全部过程 +一五一十地摆到诸位面前接受批判 +我绝没有用过什么迷魂汤药、魔法妖术 +还有什么歪门邪道——反正我得到他的女儿 +全用不着这一套。《奥瑟罗》第一幕第三场 +注释 +1　见朱生豪大约在1936年夏致宋清如信“今天下午我试译了两页莎士比亚还算顺利不过恐怕终于不过是Poor Stuff而已。当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命。”《伉俪朱生豪宋清如诗文选》下卷中国青年出版社2013年第94页 +2　朱生豪“今天因为提起了精神却很兴奋晚上译了六千字今天一共译一万字。”同上第101页 +3　卞之琳《莎士比亚悲剧四种》方志出版社2007年第4页。 +4　In der Beschränkung zeigt sich erst der Meister, / Und das Gesetz nur kann uns Freiheit geben. 参见http://www.business-it.nl/files/7d413a5dca62fc735a072b16fbf050b1-27.php. +5　Vergebens werden ungebundene Geister / Nach der Vollendung reiner Höhe streben. 参见http://www.cosmiq.de/qa/show/3454062/Vergebens-werden-ungebundne-Geister-Nach-der-Vollendung-reiner-Hoehe-streben-Was-ist-dieBedeutung-dieser-2-Verse-Ich-komm-nicht-drauf/t. +《暴风雨》导言 +《暴风雨》几乎可以肯定是莎士比亚独立完成的最后一出戏。我们不知道他是否预期如此。这出戏也是印在第一对开本的第一个剧本。我们也不知道它得到如此尊贵的地位是因为对开本的编辑把它当作展示品——大师艺术的总和之作——还是为了更为平凡的理由他们手头有抄写员拉尔夫·克兰Ralph Crane的干净文本排版者要着手排版莎士比亚近乎百万字的浩大工程从这本起可以有个比较容易的开始。无论它的位置来自无心抑或刻意的安排自19世纪初期以来《暴风雨》成于莎士比亚写作生涯之终、又置于作品集之首的事实大大影响了后世对这出戏的反应。它已经被视为诠释莎士比亚的试金石。 +本剧内容集中于支配与统治的问题。在开场的暴风雨中正常的社会秩序大乱水手长命令廷臣因为知道咆哮的海浪根本不在乎“什么国王”。之后第一幕第二场中详细展开的背景故事揭露了不尊重公爵名号的阴谋家我们得知普洛斯彼罗失去了米兰的权力但补偿式地得以控制岛上的爱丽儿和凯列班。腓迪南和米兰达的同心结则指向米兰与那不勒斯未来的统治。还有更进一步的政治算计西巴斯辛与安东尼奥计划谋杀阿隆佐国王和忠厚大臣贡柴罗低贱出身的角色想要推翻普洛斯彼罗让酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺当岛上的国王。普洛斯彼罗在爱丽儿和岛上其他精灵协助下演出了一幕幕精彩的戏——使谋反者动弹不得鸟身女妖与消失的盛筵众女神及农民的假面剧那对小情人对弈的情景——这些都有助于报复过去的罪愆恢复当前的秩序并预备和谐的来日。工作完毕之后爱丽儿获得释放心痛啊1而普洛斯彼罗也在精神上做好了死亡的准备。甚至凯列班都要“寻求恩典”。 +然而莎士比亚从来都不爱简单。普洛斯彼罗以戏法变出暴风雨把宫廷的达官贵人带到这座岛主要是为了强迫他那篡位的弟弟安东尼奥悔罪。可是到了两人面对面的高潮时刻对普洛斯彼罗的饶恕与要求安东尼奥却连一个字都没有回应。他完全没有以阿隆佐在前面几行的表现为榜样而仿效之。至于安东尼奥的共犯西巴斯辛竟然还胆敢说普洛斯彼罗魔法般的先见之明是仗着邪魔之力。普洛斯彼罗能力再大也无法预料或掌控人性。如果原本没有良心以后也无法创造出良心。 +塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge2把普洛斯彼罗描述为“简直就是风暴中的莎士比亚本人”。换句话说戏中主角在开场中变出暴风雨正如剧作家变出这部戏的整个世界。普洛斯彼罗的法术驾驭了自然力量好引领其他意大利角色加入他的放逐世界同样地莎士比亚的艺术先把舞台变成一艘大海中的船然后又变成“无人的荒岛”。“法术”乃是这出戏的关键词眼。凯列班是普洛斯彼罗的“他者”因为他代表自然状态。在达尔文主义盛行的19世纪他被重塑为人类与我们动物祖先之间过渡时期“缺失的那一环”。 +普洛斯彼罗的背景故事道出了从训练统治者的“人文素养”到比较危险的魔幻“法术”的变化过程。在莎士比亚时代魔法的思维普遍存在。人人从小都相信自然界之外另有一个世界就是灵魂与妖怪的世界。“自然”与“妖魔”乃是研究及操弄超自然现象的两大支派。魔法magic即是对隐秘事物的认知和制造奇迹的法术。某些人认为这是自然哲学的最高形式这个词源于magia在古波斯语里意思是“智慧”众人称之为“神秘哲学”。它假设有不同层级的力量从不具形体的“智性的”天使魂灵到天上恒星和行星的世界再到地球事物及其形体的变化。魔法师上达高阶力量的知识以人为方式将这些能力带下来制造出奇妙的效果。科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕Cornelius Agrippa3是《论神秘哲学》De occulta philosophia一书的作者主张必须有“仪式魔法”才能达到超越星球的天使智慧。这是最高也最危险的活动层次因为——诚如同克里斯托弗·马洛Christopher Marlowe4笔下的浮士德博士Dr. Faustus的发现——太容易变出魔鬼而不是天使。比较普通的“自然魔法”需要“媒合”天地与星体和物质世界元素之间的奇幻链接同工。历久不衰的星象影响观念乃是这种思维模式的残留。对文艺复兴时代的智者例如在米兰从业的吉罗拉莫·卡尔达诺Girolamo Cardano5而言医学、自然哲学、数学、星象学以及解梦都是紧密相连的。 +然而自然魔法始终无法躲开它的妖魔阴影。有一个像阿格里帕或卡尔达诺这样博学的智者就有一千个乡下“智婆”从事民俗医疗和算命。后者在前现代时期常常被妖魔化为女巫要为歉收、牲畜疾病及其他病痛负责。普洛斯彼罗强调他自己的白色魔法有别于凯列班母亲西考拉克斯的黑色魔法不过在这出戏里两者十分相似。他之所以从米兰被放逐到岛上是因为专注于自己的秘密研究从而给予了安东尼奥篡夺大公国的可乘之机而西考拉克斯之所以从阿尔及尔放逐到岛上是因为被控施行巫术他带着他的幼女来而西考拉克斯来的时候肚里怀着据说是跟魔鬼搞出来的孩子。两者都能指挥海潮操控以爱丽儿为代表的精灵世界。普洛斯彼罗要放弃他的魔法时用来描述法力的词语是借自另一个女巫——奥维德Ovid的古代神话故事巨著《变形记》Metamorphoses里的美狄亚Medea。在某个层次上普洛斯彼罗表达了他跟西考拉克斯之间的亲缘关系他说凯列班“这个妖怪嘛我/承认是我的”。此处主语和动词在行尾分开表明承认之前稍有犹豫这是莎士比亚后期灵活运用抑扬格五音步手法的极端例子。 +莎士比亚喜爱制造对立再把他的黑与白淡化成复杂道德里的灰色区块。在米兰普洛斯彼罗对人文素养的内观研究使他失去权位并促成暴政。在岛上他企图以他所学来弥补过失利用正向的魔法带来悔罪、收复大公国并且打造一个王朝的婚姻。然而在第五幕开始时他醒悟到真正的人性不在于运用智慧统治而在于实践更为严谨的基督徒式的德行。对16世纪的人文主义者来说君王的德行教育就是为了政治目的而修养智慧、宽宏、节制、正直。对普洛斯彼罗而言最终真正重要的是仁慈。而这是师父从徒弟那里学到的正是爱丽儿教了普洛斯彼罗“情感”的道理而不是相反。 +爱丽儿代表火与空气、和谐与音乐、耿耿忠心。凯列班属土关乎纷争、醉酒和反叛。爱丽儿的表达工具是雅致的诗凯列班的则大多是粗鲁乃至猥亵的散文一如弄臣特林鸠罗和醉汉司膳官斯丹法诺。然而令人讶异的是剧中最美丽的诗句乃是凯列班听到爱丽儿的音乐时所说的。即便是用散文凯列班亦与自然环境有一种美妙的协调他知道岛上每一个角落、每一种生物。普洛斯彼罗说他是“魔鬼天生的魔鬼对他的本性/教化根本是白搭”然而就在下一句台词里凯列班上场时说“拜托脚步轻些免得这只瞎眼的鼹鼠听到脚步声”如此富有想象力的语言立即否定了普洛斯彼罗的断言。 +凯列班据称曾要性侵米兰达可见普洛斯彼罗想驯服这个“怪物仆”、教育他具有人性的意图是失败的。然而这失败是谁的责任问题会不会出在普洛斯彼罗想要灌输到凯列班记忆里的内容上而非后者的天性一开始凯列班欢迎普洛斯彼罗到岛上来主动与他分享岛上水果——正如蒙田Montaigne散文《论食人部族》“Of the Cannibals”里所写的“高贵的野蛮人”那样那篇文章是莎士比亚剧中引用的另一来源贡柴罗治理本岛的乌托邦式“黄金时代”理想便是采自蒙田作品的英译本。凯列班只不过表现出普洛斯彼罗印刻在他身上的那种低贱而已使凯列班“污秽”的可能是普洛斯彼罗说他是“秽物”的教导。 +凯列班了解书的重要性正如现代政变领导者首先要占据电视台他强调反叛普洛斯彼罗必须从夺取他的书籍开始。然而斯丹法诺另有其书。他对凯列班说“这东西能叫您说话”—他复制普洛斯彼罗通过语言取得控制的手法不过是以另一种模式。文本的灌输被美酒的熏陶取代所亲吻的书乃是酒瓶。如此一来莎士比亚的场景对位技法营造出对话精神质疑了普洛斯彼罗的书籍使用。若说斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗以酒精达成普洛斯彼罗以教导所达成的目的两者都说服凯列班服役并分享岛上的果实这岂不是显出教导有可能只是社会控制的工具而已普洛斯彼罗时常似对他以教学建立的权力结构较感兴趣胜过他教导的实质内容。很难看出逼腓迪南搬运木柴是为了教诲德行目的其实是要他臣服。 +来到一个没有欧洲人居住的岛屿谈论“殖民地”与一个“野人”相遇并用酒精交换生存技能在语言学习过程中确立谁是主、谁是奴担心奴仆会使主人的女儿受孕欲使野蛮人寻求基督教的“恩典”但又提议把他运到英格兰展示获利提到百慕大危险的气候以及一个“华丽新世界”在所有这些方面《暴风雨》都唤起了欧洲的殖民主义精神。莎士比亚与弗吉尼亚公司的成员有联系。该公司奉王室之命成立于1606年为次年在美洲建立詹姆斯敦殖民地起了重要作用。1610年秋有一封信寄达英格兰描述派往增援殖民地的舰队在加勒比海被暴风雨吹散搭载新总督的那艘船被吹到百慕大船员和乘客都在那里过冬。虽然那封信当时没有出版手稿却流传开来至少引发两本小册子讨论这些事件。学者们为莎士比亚究竟直接引用了其中多少材料而争论不休但暴风雨及岛屿的某些细节好像是从中取材。毋庸置疑的是总督及其团队看似奇迹般幸存同时他们在巴哈马群岛发现的富饶环境乃是本剧写作之时的公众流行话题。 +大英帝国、奴隶贩卖、东西海路运送香料带来的财富——这些是后来的事。莎士比亚的戏设定在地中海不在加勒比海。凯列班严格说来不能算是岛上的原住民。然而这出戏直觉地感知殖民时期占有与驱离的动能剧力万钧不可思议所以1950年奥克塔夫·曼诺尼Octave Mannoni6写的《殖民地化进程中的心理学》The Psychology of Colonisation主张说殖民过程的运作要经由一对精神官能症交互作用于殖民者是“普洛斯彼罗情结”于被殖民者是“凯列班情结”。就是为了回应曼诺尼弗朗茨·法农Frantz Fanon7写了《黑皮肤白面具》Black Skin, White Masks从而在很大程度上塑造了“后殖民”时代的知识领域。对20世纪后期许多以英文写作的加勒比海作家来说《暴风雨》这出戏尤其是凯列班这个人物成为他们发现自己文学声音的焦点。这出戏与其说是对帝国历史的反思毋宁说是对这段历史的预知——毕竟普洛斯彼罗是被流放的人不是冒险家。 +国王剧团经常奉命在白厅御前献演自然知道从1608年岁暮起十几岁的伊丽莎白公主Princess Elizabeth就住在王宫里。她是有文化素养的少女喜欢音乐和舞蹈参与宫中节庆活动1610年在一出名叫《忒堤斯》Tethys8的假面剧里担任舞者。假面剧由皇亲、廷臣、职业演员混搭演出场面壮观音乐精致在那些年日是宫廷最时兴的表演。与莎士比亚亦友亦敌的本·琼森Ben Jonson9和设计师伊尼戈·琼斯Inigo Jones10合作为自己打出当代首席假面剧作家的名号。1608年他引进“反假面剧”或称“前假面剧”让丑怪人物即所谓“怪胎”在优雅、和谐的假面剧演出之前狂舞一番。莎士比亚也采纳了当时的流行风尚在《暴风雨》的戏中加入了订婚的假面剧以及凯列班、斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗三人闻马尿、偷窃晾衣绳上的衣服、遭群狗追逐的反假面闹剧。我们甚至觉得普洛斯彼罗这个人物可能就是对本·琼森温和的诙谐模拟他的戏剧想象受制于古典式对时间与场景统一性的要求一如琼森他也演出宫廷假面剧一如琼森。或许正因为如此几年之后琼森在他的《巴托罗缪市集》Bartholomew Fair里戏仿《暴风雨》作为回敬。 +普洛斯彼罗的基督教语言在收场白中持续最久然而他最后请求宽容的对象不是上帝而是观众。到了最后一刻取代人文主义学术的不是基督教信仰而是戏剧的信念。因此这出戏可以解读为莎士比亚为自己戏剧艺术的辩护——从浪漫主义时期以来常常就是如此理解。不过反讽的是这出戏本身对书籍乃至于对剧场的功能十分怀疑。魔法书沉入大海而假面剧及其演员也溶入空气之中就像“无根的幻景”或一场梦。 +参考资料 +剧情十二年前在那不勒斯国王阿隆佐及其弟西巴斯辛协助下米兰公爵普洛斯彼罗被他的弟弟安东尼奥篡了位。普洛斯彼罗及其幼女米兰达被流放大海到达远方小岛。他在那里靠着魔法统治精灵爱丽儿和野人凯列班。他利用法力呼风唤雨使他的敌人遭遇船难来到岛上。阿隆佐寻找儿子腓迪南担心他已经淹死。西巴斯辛密谋杀害阿隆佐夺取他的王位。酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺和弄臣特林鸠罗遇见凯列班听了他的劝说要杀害普洛斯彼罗好由他们来统治这座岛。腓迪南和米兰达相遇两人一见钟情。普洛斯彼罗要考验腓迪南命其做苦工腓迪南通过考验普洛斯彼罗为这对年轻情侣演了一出贺婚的假面剧。在普洛斯彼罗的计划接近高潮时他正面质问敌人并宽恕他们。普洛斯彼罗赐予爱丽儿自由准备离开岛屿返回米兰。 +主要角色列有台词行数百分比/台词段数/上场次数普洛斯彼罗30/115/5爱丽儿9/45/6凯列班8/50/5斯丹法诺7/60/4贡柴罗7/52/4西巴斯辛5/67/4安东尼奥6/57/4米兰达6/49/4腓迪南6/31/4阿隆佐5/40/4特林鸠罗4/39/4。 +语体风格诗体约占80散体约占20。 +创作年代1611年。1611年11月1日宫廷演出使用的部分素材于1610年秋季以前并未问世。 +取材来源主要剧情不知取自何处但暴风雨和岛屿的某些细节似乎来自威廉·斯特雷奇William Strachey所著《托马斯·盖茨爵士船难获救真实报导》A True Reportory of the Wreck and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight写于1610年收入1625年出版的《珀切斯游记》[Purchas his Pilgrims]或许还有西尔韦斯特·乔丹Sylvester Jourdain的《百慕大发现记》A Discovery of the Bermudas, 1610年以及弗吉尼亚公司发行的小册子《弗吉尼亚殖民地资产真实报告》A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colony in Virginia1610年有几处提到维吉尔Virgil11的《埃涅阿斯纪》Aeneid与奥维德的《变形记》特别是在第五幕第一场模仿阿瑟·戈尔丁Arthur Golding1567年翻译奥维德第七卷内美狄亚的咒文贡柴罗在第二幕第一场关于“黄金时代”的说辞基于约翰·弗洛里奥John Florio1603年所译蒙田《论食人部族》一文两者十分接近。 +文本1623年的第一对开本是唯一早期印刷本。所据为国王剧团所雇专业誊录员拉尔夫·克兰的抄写本。总体说来是高质量的印刷本。 +乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate +注释 +1　或因普洛斯彼罗舍不得爱丽儿。——译者附注 +2　柯尔律治1772—1834英国诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +3　阿格里帕1486—1535德国医生、神学家、神秘学家。——译者附注 +4　马洛1564—1593英国伊丽莎白时期剧作家、诗人。——译者附注 +5　卡尔达诺1501—1576意大利医生、数学家、占星术家。——译者附注 +6　曼诺尼1899—1989法国精神分析学家、作家。——译者附注 +7　法农1925—1961出生于法属加勒比海岛屿马提尼克岛精神分析学家、哲学家。——译者附注 +8　忒堤斯为古希腊神话中的女海神之名。——译者附注 +9　琼森1572—1637英国剧作家、诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +10　琼斯1573—1652英国画家、建筑师、设计师。——译者附注 +11　维吉尔前70—前19奥古斯都时代的古罗马诗人。——译者附注 +暴风雨 +普洛斯彼罗合法的米兰公爵 +米兰达普洛斯彼罗之女 +阿隆佐那不勒斯国王 +西巴斯辛阿隆佐之弟 +安东尼奥普洛斯彼罗之弟篡位的米兰公爵 +腓迪南那不勒斯国王之子 +贡柴罗忠诚的老枢密大臣 +阿德里安和弗兰西斯科两贵族 +特林鸠罗弄臣 +斯丹法诺酗酒的司膳官 +船长 +水手长 +众水手 +凯列班未驯化的畸形奴隶 +爱丽儿空气精灵 +场景无人的荒岛 +第一幕1 +第一场第一景 +海中一船 +雷电交加暴风雨声可闻。船长与水手长上 +船长　水手长 +水手长　在船长。有什么吩咐 +船长　好兄弟去跟水手们说动作要快不然咱会搁浅啦快赶快 +下 +众水手上 +水手长　嘿哥儿们加油加油哥儿们快点快点把中桅帆收一收。听船长的哨音。——尽管刮吧刮到你喘不过气也没关系只要船掉得过头来。 +对风暴 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、腓迪南、贡柴罗及其他人上 +阿隆佐　好水手长留意点儿。船长在哪儿拿出男子气概来。 +水手长　各位请待在下头。 +安东尼奥　船长在哪儿啊水手长 +水手长　您没听见他吗您碍着我们的事啦。待在舱里你们这是在帮助暴风雨。 +贡柴罗　别那么说好兄弟耐心点。 +水手长　先得等大海有耐心。走开这些个大吼大叫的会理你什么国王吗去舱里闭嘴别烦我们。 +贡柴罗　好兄弟可要记得你船上载的是谁。 +水手长　没一个是我爱得超过我自个儿的。您是个大臣要是您能命令这些风雨不作声现在就平静那咱们就一根绳索都不管。施展您的权威吧。要是您办不到就感谢您活了这把年纪回舱里预备随时有什么不测——万一真有的话。——加油兄弟们—— +对众水手 +别挡了我们我说。 +对众大臣 +[阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与腓迪南随水手长及众水手]下 +贡泽罗　这家伙让我非常安慰。我看他没有淹死的凶相他那张脸分明就该是被绞死的。2善良的命运之神哪千万要让他被绞死用他命中注定的绞绳作我们的定锚缆索吧因为我们自己的不管用了。他若不是注定该被绞死的我们的处境就悲惨啰。 +下 +水手长上 +水手长　放低中桅快再低再低尽量把船固定住。幕内一声呼喊混蛋叫成这样他们比这天气、比咱们发号施令还大声。 +西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与贡柴罗上 +又来啦你们来干吗的想叫我们放弃、淹死你们想要沉船哪 +西巴斯辛　我咒你喉咙长脓包你这个大吼大叫、亵渎神明、没有慈悲心肠的狗 +水手长　那你们来干。 +安东尼奥　绞死你狗东西绞死你婊子养的无耻大嗓门我们才没有你那么怕被淹死呢。 +贡柴罗　我敢担保他不会淹死就算这条船比个坚果的壳儿还小而且比流个不停的3女人漏得还凶。 +水手长　顶住风顶住风两张帆都升起来再出海升起来 +众水手浑身湿透上 +众水手　完蛋了快祷告祷告完蛋了 +水手长　什么我们都得淹死 +贡柴罗　王上和王子在祷告。咱们去助祷我们情况一样。 +西巴斯辛　我没耐性了。 +安东尼奥　我们根本是被酒鬼害了命。这个大嘴巴的无赖你淹死算了还让潮水冲刷十遍 +贡柴罗　他还是会被绞死的 +尽管每一滴海水都赌誓不会 +而且张着大口要吞他。 +水手长及众水手下 +幕内喧闹声 +[后台人声]　可怜我们吧——船裂了船裂了——别了我的妻儿——别了兄弟——船裂了船裂了船裂了 +安东尼奥　咱们跟王上一起沉了吧。 +西巴斯辛　咱们去向他道别。 +[安东尼奥与西巴斯辛]下 +贡柴罗　这时我情愿用千顷波涛去换一亩荒地长长的灌木、棕色的荆豆什么都行。愿上天的旨意成就但我情愿死在旱地。 +下 +第二场第二景 +本剧以下场景都在普洛斯彼罗的海岛的各处 +普洛斯彼罗4与米兰达5上 +米兰达　至爱的父亲您若是借了法术 +使这狂涛咆哮请平息它们。 +上天好像要倾倒恶臭的沥青 +亏得大海上升到苍穹的脸颊 +熄灭了天火6。看到他们受苦我 +一同受苦。美轮美奂的一艘船—— +上面想必载着高贵的人物—— +都撞成了碎片。啊那喊叫声打在 +我的心坎上。那些可怜人都完了。 +假如我是个有权能的神我会 +先把大海沉入地下不让它 +如此吞灭这艘美好的船还有 +船里的人。 +普洛斯彼罗　安心吧 +不必再害怕。告诉你怜悯的心肠 +并没有造成损伤。 +米兰达　啊可怜哪 +普洛斯彼罗　没事。 +我所做的没有不是为了你—— +为了你我亲爱的你我女儿——你 +不明白你的身份根本不知道 +我的来历也不知道我的高贵 +超过普洛斯彼罗一个破洞窟的主人 +不过尔尔的你的父亲。 +米兰达　我从来没有 +想过要知道得更详细。 +普洛斯彼罗　时候已到 +我该多告诉你一些。帮我 +脱下我这件魔法斗篷。这样 +放下魔法斗篷 +躺好了我的魔法。你擦擦眼睛放心。 +那船难的恐怖景象触动了 +你内心至情至性的哀矜 +但我在我法术之中早已预作 +安排不叫船上任何人—— +对甚至任何生物——有 +一根毛发受到损伤尽管你 +听到哀嚎看见船沉。坐下吧 +米兰达坐下 +因为现在你必须多了解一些。 +米兰达　您常常 +要跟我讲我的身份却欲言又止 +我想追问终是徒然因您 +最后总说“慢着时机未到。” +普洛斯彼罗　现在时机已到 +就在此刻你要张开耳朵 +听话要专心。你可记得 +我们来到这洞窟之前的时候 +我想你不能因为你那时还 +不满三岁。 +米兰达　我当然能够大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　记得什么呢有别的房屋或人吗 +告诉我有什么东西的形象 +还保存在你的记忆里。 +米兰达　很久远了 +我记得的比较像是一场梦 +不能保证准确无误。我不是 +曾经有四五个女人照顾吗 +普洛斯彼罗　你有还更多呢米兰达。可是这 +怎么还会留在你心中在时间黑暗的 +过去和深渊中你还看到什么 +你既然记得来此以前的事 +或许也记得你是怎么来的。 +米兰达　那我倒记不得了。 +普洛斯彼罗　十二年了米兰达十二年了 +你父亲原是米兰公爵一个 +大权在握的亲王。 +米兰达　大人您不是我父亲 +普洛斯彼罗　你母亲是美德的典范而 +她说你是我的女儿你父亲 +是米兰公爵他唯一的继承人 +公主也同样出身高贵。 +米兰达　啊天哪 +是什么卑鄙算计害我们流落至此 +还是说该算幸运呢 +普洛斯彼罗　都是都是孩子。 +就如你说的我们被卑鄙算计抛弃 +但幸运地获救于此。 +米兰达　啊我的心会淌血 +要是想到我给您添的麻烦 +但现在都不记得了。您请说下去。 +普洛斯彼罗　我弟弟就是你叔父叫安东尼奥的—— +我请你听好了——做兄弟的竟然 +会这样背信——世界上除了你以外 +他是我的最爱还托付他 +管理我邦的政务那时候啊 +所有城邦中要数米兰第一 +而普洛斯彼罗是至尊公爵享有如此 +殊荣说到人文素养7 +无人能比。我既一心一意钻研 +便把政务交给弟弟 +对我邦大事愈发生疏因为全神 +贯注于玄秘研究。你那虚伪的叔父—— +你在听吗 +米兰达　大人专注极了。 +普洛斯彼罗　一旦学会了怎样答应请托 +怎样拒绝该升迁哪个该把哪个 +野心大的压一压重新任命 +我原来的僚属或改派职务 +或新设职位等到掌控了 +官员与官位使全邦人心 +都听他发号施令他就成了 +那爬藤掩蔽了我王者的躯干 +还吸吮我的精髓。——你没在听。 +米兰达　啊好大人我有。 +普洛斯彼罗　我请你听好了。 +我这般荒废俗务完全 +独处专注于修炼我的智能 +单单这样退隐研究就远非 +凡夫俗子所能理解我那虚伪的弟弟 +更起了祸心于是我的信任 +像纯良的父亲竟然生出 +相反的虚假而且程度大得 +如同我的信任——那真是无限量、 +无止境的信赖。他如此这般 +不仅掌管了我赋税的收入 +还有我权力所能要求的一切。就像 +惯说谎言的人相信自己的真实 +使自己的记忆成为罪人 +好遮掩他的谎言他竟然 +相信自己真的是公爵篡夺爵位 +以公爵之尊执行职务 +享有一切特权。于是他的野心增长—— +你在听吗 +米兰达　大人您的故事可以治好聋子。 +普洛斯彼罗　为了使他扮演的和他所替代的中间 +没有阻隔他势必要成为独尊的 +米兰公爵。我呢——可怜人——我的藏书室 +就是够大的公国日常公爵的庶务 +他认为我已无能处理。他去勾结—— +因为渴求权力——那不勒斯国王 +向他缴纳年贡向他效忠 +以自己的小王冠8臣服于他的王冠 +使从未俯首的我邦——唉可怜的米兰—— +卑躬屈膝可耻已极。 +米兰达　啊天哪 +普洛斯彼罗　你听他的契约和结果再告诉我 +这算不算是兄弟9。 +米兰达　我若认为祖母不贞洁 +便是犯罪了 +好母亲也会生出坏儿子。 +普洛斯彼罗　现在说那契约。 +那不勒斯国王一向是我的 +死对头就同意我弟弟的要求 +也就是他接受了俯首称臣 +以及为数不知多少的进贡 +作为回报应立即把我和家人 +从米兰根除并把大好的米兰 +和它所有的荣衔赐给我弟弟。于是 +招募了一支叛军在注定的 +某一天午夜安东尼奥打开了 +米兰的城门在死寂的黑暗中 +办事的人把我和哭啼的你 +匆忙逐出去。 +米兰达　哀哉可怜哪 +我记不得当时怎么哭的 +要再哀哭一次这种场合 +会拧出我的眼泪。 +普洛斯彼罗　再听我多讲一点 +然后我就把你带回我们 +眼前这件事没有它我这故事 +就不着边际了。 +米兰达　为什么他们不在 +当时灭了我们 +普洛斯彼罗　问得好丫头。我的故事 +会引发这问题。宝贝他们不敢 +我的百姓十分爱我也没敢在 +这件事情上打上血腥的记号倒是 +用好看的颜色涂抹他们丑陋的目的。 +简单说他们赶我们上了一条船 +带我们出海约有几里格在那里备有 +一个朽坏的木桶没有任何配备 +没有工具、船帆没有桅杆就连老鼠 +都本能地离开了。你我被丢进去 +向着朝我们咆哮的大海哭泣向着 +海风哀叹海风怜悯地回报以哀叹 +虽是有情却害了我们10。 +米兰达　哎呀我那时 +是您多大的累赘啊 +普洛斯彼罗　啊你是我的 +保命小天使。我向大海滴下 +咸咸泪水因重担而呻吟 +这时上天赐给你的刚毅 +使你绽放微笑这就激起了我 +坚忍的勇气无惧于 +未来的遭遇。 +米兰达　我们怎么上岸的 +普洛斯彼罗坐下 +普洛斯彼罗　靠着上天恩典。 +我们有一些食物还有些淡水是 +一位那不勒斯贵族贡柴罗—— +他那时受命负责这个计划—— +出于慈悲给我们的另外还 +有华服、织物、杂项、必需品 +后来都派上用场。同样出于好意 +他知道我爱书从我的图书室 +给了我一些卷册这些是我 +珍爱超过我的公国的。 +米兰达　但愿我能 +见到那个人。 +普洛斯彼罗　现在我要起来了11 +普洛斯彼罗起身 +你还是坐好听我们海上伤心事的结尾。 +我们来到这个岛在这里 +我当你的教师使你比别的公主 +更有长进她们把更多闲暇 +用于无意义的事老师也没那么关心。 +米兰达　愿上天报答您。现在我求您大人 +因为这事还在我心里搅扰您为何 +要兴起这海上风暴 +普洛斯彼罗　这就要知道 +由于极为奇妙的意外宽宏的命运之神—— +如今是我亲爱的夫人12——已经把我的仇家 +带到岸边。而我通过预知的能力 +发现我的命盘最高点要依靠 +一颗最吉祥的星星它的影响力 +我现在若不追求反而忽视我的运势 +就会永远衰败。到此别再问了 +你想睡了。这睡意很好 +就顺着它吧。我知道你别无选择。—— +米兰达入睡 +过来仆人来。我已经预备好了。 +过来好爱丽儿来吧。 +爱丽儿上 +爱丽儿　大王万福尊贵的主万福我是来 +满足您一切心愿的。无论是飞翔 +是游泳是跳入火坑是腾上 +卷云只要是您权威的吩咐 +爱丽儿无不全力以赴13。 +普洛斯彼罗　精灵你可曾 +执行我的命令完整地演出暴风雨 +爱丽儿　每一项都做了。 +我上了国王的船一会儿在船头 +一会儿在船腰、甲板在每间船舱 +我化成吓人的火焰时而我自行分身 +四处放火在中桅、桅杆间的横木、 +船首斜桅上我分别燃烧 +然后并成一团。天神乔武14的闪电 +恐怖雷鸣的先行者也不及我 +迅速眼睛都跟不上。火焰和霹雳 +如地狱般呼号似乎要围攻力大 +无比的海神使他胆大的波涛战栗 +没错他恐怖的三叉戟发抖。 +普洛斯彼罗　我的好精灵 +有谁镇静、安稳连这场骚乱都 +无法搅扰他的理智 +爱丽儿　没有哪一个 +不感到激动疯狂做出 +绝望时的怪异举动。除了水手人人 +都跳入白沫飞溅的海里逃离那艘 +随着我起火的船王子腓迪南 +头发倒竖——像芦苇不像头发—— +是头一个跳海的大喊“地狱都空了 +所有魔鬼都在这里。” +普洛斯彼罗　啊我的好精灵 +但不是到了岸边了吗 +爱丽儿　很近了主人。 +普洛斯彼罗　可是爱丽儿他们可平安 +爱丽儿　毫发无损。 +他们浮水的衣服上没有任何污斑 +反而比先前更新。而且照你的吩咐 +我把他们一组组分散在岛上。 +国王的儿子我让他独自上岸 +留他在岛上一个僻静的角落 +叹着气吹凉了空气坐在那儿 +手臂像这样打着伤心的结。 +交叉双臂 +普洛斯彼罗　关于国王的大船、 +水手们说说你是如何处置的 +还有船队的其他人 +爱丽儿　安全停在港里 +国王的船。在那深深隐秘处有一回 +你要我到风暴不断的百慕大采露15 +半夜叫我起来去的地方船藏在那里。 +水手们全都安顿在甲板下 +我念了个咒加上他们遭受的劳累 +使他们睡着了。至于其他船只—— +被我打散的——又都聚拢 +如今在地中海上 +悲伤地驶回那不勒斯 +他们以为亲眼见到王船遇难 +国王驾崩。 +普洛斯彼罗　爱丽儿给你的任务 +完全做到了但还有别的工作。 +现在什么时候了 +爱丽儿　过了正午。 +普洛斯彼罗　至少两个沙漏钟16。从现在到六点 +这段时间我们必须珍惜使用。 +爱丽儿　还有别的苦工吗既然你要我工作 +容我提醒你你答应过我的事 +现在还没做到。 +普洛斯彼罗　怎么啦不开心 +你能有什么要求 +爱丽儿　我的自由。 +普洛斯彼罗　在时限未满之前别提了 +爱丽儿　我请你 +记得我对你服务良好 +不曾对你撒谎没做错事伺候你 +既无怨恨也无牢骚。你确实答应过 +减免我一整年劳役。 +普洛斯彼罗　你难道忘了 +我把你从多大的折磨中解救出来 +爱丽儿　没有。 +普洛斯彼罗　你忘了。以为很了不得 +能脚踩海底泥浆 +在锐利的北风中奔驰 +在霜冻的时候替我 +到地脉办事。 +爱丽儿　我没有大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你撒谎邪恶的东西你难道忘了 +那可恶的巫婆西考拉克斯她又老又坏 +身体驼成了一圈你难道忘了她吗 +爱丽儿　没有大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你忘了。她出生在哪里说告诉我。 +爱丽儿　大人在阿尔及尔。 +普洛斯彼罗　哦是这样啊我得要 +每个月重讲一遍你的过去—— +你都忘了。这个该死的巫婆西考拉克斯 +因为作恶多端搬弄巫术 +骇人听闻你知道的从 +阿尔及尔被赶出来。只因她做过的一件事 +他们没有要她的命。这不是真的吗 +爱丽儿　是的大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　这个蓝眼皮的巫婆怀着身孕被带来 +水手们把她留在这里。你我的奴才 +照你自己所说当时是她的仆人。 +而因为你是个太柔弱的精灵 +受不了她那粗蛮可恶的指挥 +拒绝了她的重大命令。 +她盛怒难消之下靠着 +比较有力的手下帮助把你 +关在一棵裂开的松树里 +你被囚禁在那树缝中痛苦了 +十二年。在那期间她死了 +留你在那里呻吟不已 +像水车叶片打到水面。当时这座岛—— +除了她在这里落下的崽子、 +巫婆所产长满斑点的小畜生——没有 +一个人类。 +爱丽儿　是的凯列班她的儿子。 +普洛斯彼罗　蠢货17我说。他那个凯列班 +我留下来使唤的家伙。你最清楚 +我见到你时你受的什么苦。你的呻吟 +叫狼子嚎哭穿透怒熊的 +胸膛。那种折磨是要用来 +对付下地狱者的连西考拉克斯 +也无法解除。是我的法术 +当我到来听见了你的痛呼打开了 +那松树放你出来。 +爱丽儿　谢谢你主人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你再嘟哝我就撕裂一棵栎树 +把你钉在它纠结的五脏里直到 +你哀嚎满十二个冬天。 +爱丽儿　请原谅主人。 +我会顺服命令 +乖乖做我精灵该做的。 +普洛斯彼罗　就这么办。两天之后 +我就放了你。 +爱丽儿　高贵的主人 +要我做什么请说要我做什么 +普洛斯彼罗　去把自己扮成海上仙女 +只有你我看得到别人的 +眼睛都不能见。去打扮好 +再回来这里。去认真办事去 +[爱丽儿]下 +醒醒心肝醒醒。你睡得很好。醒来。 +对米兰达 +米兰达　您那故事不可思议 +使我睡意浓浓。 +普洛斯彼罗　驱散它。跟我来。 +咱们去看我那奴才凯列班他从不 +好言好语回答我们。 +米兰达　这是个恶棍大人我不要看他。 +普洛斯彼罗　但情势如此 +我们少不了他。他替我们生火、 +担木柴做些对我们有利的 +差事。喂喝奴才凯列班 +你这泥块你说话啊 +凯列班　里面还有足够木柴。 +幕内 +普洛斯彼罗　出来我说还有别的事要你做。 +来你这乌龟什么时候 +爱丽儿扮成水中仙女上 +精美的幻影曼妙的爱丽儿 +耳朵凑过来。 +爱丽儿　主人一定照办。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　你这恶毒的奴才魔鬼在你 +邪恶老娘肚子里搞出来的东西快出来 +凯列班上 +凯列班　愿我娘用乌鸦羽毛从毒泥潭 +抹上来的最毒的露水滴在 +你们两个身上愿西南风18吹上你们 +叫你们浑身长水疱 +普洛斯彼罗　为此今夜保管要叫你抽筋 +侧边疼痛叫你不能呼吸刺猬19 +会通宵达旦都在你身上 +做日常工作——你会被刺戳得 +密密麻麻像蜂巢一般每一刺 +都比做蜂巢的蜜蜂所螫还痛。 +凯列班　我得吃饭才行。 +这座岛原是我娘西考拉克斯传给我的 +你夺了去。你刚来的时候 +用手抚摸我疼爱我给我里头 +放了莓果20的水喝还教我怎么 +称呼白天和夜晚发亮的 +大光跟小光。那时候我爱你 +带你看遍岛上的风貌 +淡水泉、咸水坑、荒地和沃土。 +我该死竟那样做愿西考拉克斯一切 +蛊物——蛤蟆、甲虫、蝙蝠——都降到你们身上 +因为我当初是我自己的王 +如今成了你唯一的臣民 +你把我圈在这硬石窟里 +和整个岛隔离。 +普洛斯彼罗　你这漫天撒谎的奴才 +鞭子可以感动你慈善没用尽管你是 +脏东西我还是以仁慈的关切待你让你 +住在我自己的洞里直到你企图强暴 +我的孩子。 +凯列班　喔呵喔呵那件事做成了可就好啦 +你不让我做否则我早在这岛上 +生满凯列班了。 +米兰达　可憎的奴才 +什么好的都不肯学 +一切坏的无所不为。我是可怜你 +费心教你说话每个钟点都教你 +一样东西。野人你当时不懂 +自己讲什么只是叽里咕噜像那 +最粗暴的野兽我还教你言辞 +表达你的意思。然而由于你的恶性—— +尽管学习了——里面还是有善性 +无法共存之处。因此你被关在 +这石窟里罪有应得其实 +关进监狱里都算轻罚了。 +凯列班　你教我语言我得到的好处 +是知道怎样诅咒。愿红疮要你的命 +因为你教我你的语言。 +普洛斯彼罗　巫婆子孙滚 +把木柴给我们扛进来要快。你最好 +也打别的杂。你敢耸肩浑球 +假如我的吩咐你不做或是 +做得不情不愿我就罚你抽筋抽不停 +叫你一身骨头痛楚使你吼叫 +声音大得连野兽听了都要发抖。 +凯列班　不要求求你。—— +我必须服从他的法力太强 +旁白 +能够控制我娘的神赛得玻21 +去当他的奴仆。 +普洛斯彼罗　好了奴才快去 +凯列班下 +腓迪南上爱丽儿隐形上边弹边唱 +爱丽儿　快来这黄沙滩上唷 +歌 +手儿牵着手。 +屈个膝亲一亲 +浪涛就平静。 +曼妙舞步到处跳 +可爱的精灵啊你们要 +唱副歌。 +[众精灵　幕内唱]副歌散乱地 +听啊听汪喔 +看门狗在叫汪喔。 +爱丽儿　听啊听我听到 +趾高气扬的雄鸡叫 +高唱咯咯啼哆哆。 +腓迪南　这音乐在哪儿在天上在地下 +这会儿停了。一定是唱给 +岛上什么神明的。我坐在岸边 +还在哀哭我父王遇难 +这音乐从水上飘过来 +甜美乐音平息了怒涛 +和我的伤痛。我一路跟着—— +也许是它引领我——可是停了。 +不又开始了。 +爱丽儿　令尊躺在五处22 +歌 +骸骨已然成珊瑚 +珍珠乃是他双目。 +全身骨肉虽朽腐 +一经大海精细雕 +成为珍贵稀世宝。 +海仙敲钟常纪念 +[众精灵　幕内唱]副歌叮咚。 +爱丽儿　听啊听叮咚声连连。 +腓迪南　这小调的确在悼念淹死的家父。 +这不是凡俗事物世上也没有 +这种声音。此刻就在我头上。 +普洛斯彼罗　打开你的眼帘 +告诉我你看到那边有什么。 +米兰达　那是什么啊是个精灵吗 +天哪它在东张西望大人我真觉得 +它长得好英俊。但它是个精灵。 +普洛斯彼罗　不对丫头。它也吃也睡也有跟咱们 +一样的感觉一样的。你看的这位帅哥 +遭了船难。若不是他因为哀伤而略有 +愁容——哀伤会破坏美貌——你可以说他 +长得挺好的。他失去了伙伴 +到处找他们呢。 +米兰达　我要称他为 +仙品因为我见过的人 +从没这么高贵的。 +普洛斯彼罗　有苗头了我看 +旁白 +正中我的下怀。——精灵啊好精灵 +对爱丽儿 +因你办了这件事我两天之内就释放你。 +腓迪南　一定是了这是那些歌声 +侍候的女神请准许我的祈祷 +告诉我您是否住在这岛上 +可否给我一些好指点 +让我知道在这里该当如何。最后 +也最重要的是——啊惊为天人23的您—— +您是个少女24不是 +米兰达　没什么可惊的先生 +但确实是少女。 +腓迪南　讲我的语言天哪 +讲这语言的人里我最高贵 +如果是在讲这语言的地方。 +普洛斯彼罗　怎么说最高贵 +这要让那不勒斯国王听到你成了什么 +腓迪南　孤家寡人25像现在这样听你说起 +那不勒斯国王我很诧异。他听得见我26 +而因此我落泪。我就是那不勒斯的王 +双眼目睹我父王船难泪水 +没有停过。 +米兰达　哀哉好可怜 +腓迪南　是啊真的还有他的全部大臣米兰公爵 +和他英俊的儿子也失散了。27 +普洛斯彼罗　米兰公爵 +旁白 +和他更俊的女儿可以质疑你 +但现在不合适。他们才一见面 +就眉来眼去。——机灵的爱丽儿 +对爱丽儿 +为此我要释放你。——过来说句话少爷 +对腓迪南 +我只怕你搞错了什么28。过来说句话。 +米兰达　为什么父亲话说得这么凶这 +才是我见过的第三个男人是第一个 +使我思慕的。愿怜悯打动父亲 +跟我同样想法。 +腓迪南　啊您若是闺女 +感情也没有他属我要让你 +成为那不勒斯的王后。 +普洛斯彼罗　且慢先生还要跟你说句话呢。—— +他们俩都爱上对方了但这事进展太快 +旁白 +我得弄得困难些免得奖品赢得轻易 +变得没价值。——还有话要说。我命令你 +对腓迪南 +仔细听我说你在这里篡夺了 +不属于你的名号来到 +这岛上当奸细想要偷取 +本岛主的岛。 +腓迪南　不然。我堂堂一个男子汉。 +米兰达　不会有任何邪物存在这座神庙29 +假如邪灵有这么美好的居所 +美善事物必然会抢着进去住。 +普洛斯彼罗　跟我来。—— +对腓迪南 +你别替他讲话他是个叛贼。——过来 +对米兰达/对腓迪南 +我要锁上你的脖子和双脚 +给你喝海水你的食物是 +淡水河蚌30、枯干的根茎还有 +橡实的壳。跟过来。 +腓迪南　不 +我要反抗这种待遇除非 +我的敌人力量胜得过我。 +他拔剑但被法术所制动弹不得 +米兰达　啊亲爱的父亲 +不要给他太鲁莽的考验 +他温文有礼并不可怕31。 +普洛斯彼罗　什么哼 +你小子来教训我——把剑收起来叛贼。 +对腓迪南 +你摆摆架势却不敢打你的良心 +充满罪恶。放下你防卫的姿态 +我用这根棍子现在就能解除你武装 +挥舞魔棍 +打落你的武器。 +米兰达　求求您父亲。 +跪地或试图阻止他 +普洛斯彼罗　走开别拉住我的衣服。 +米兰达　大人可怜他。 +我替他担保。 +普洛斯彼罗　闭嘴再说一个字 +我即使不恨你也要骂你了。什么 +替一个骗子辩护闭嘴 +你以为再没有他这般长相的人 +你只见过他跟凯列班。傻丫头 +比起大多数男人这人是个凯列班 +相较之下他们是天使。 +米兰达　这么说我的爱情 +十分卑微我没有野心 +想要见更英俊的男人。 +普洛斯彼罗　过来服从吧。 +对腓迪南 +你的筋骨又回到婴儿时期 +没有一点儿力气。 +腓迪南　的确是这样。 +我的精力像在梦里似的都被捆绑了。 +父王的死我的无力感 +我所有朋友遭难还有这个人的恐吓 +他制伏了我这些对我都是小事 +只要我每天能从监狱里 +看见这姑娘一次。地球上其他角落的人 +任意享受自由都行我在这样的 +监狱觉得海阔天空。 +普洛斯彼罗　奏效了。——过来。—— +旁白/对腓迪南 +干得好美妙的爱丽儿——跟我来。—— +对爱丽儿/对腓迪南 +听好我还要你做些什么。 +对爱丽儿 +米兰达　放心。 +先生我父亲的本性比他 +言语所表现的好。他现在说的话 +很不寻常。 +普洛斯彼罗　你会自由自在 +对爱丽儿 +像山岚一般但你得确实做到 +我所有的吩咐。 +爱丽儿　分毫不差。 +普洛斯彼罗　走跟过来。——别替他说情。 +对腓迪南/对米兰达 +众人下 +第二幕 +第一场第三景 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、贡柴罗、阿德里安、弗兰西斯科及其他人上 +贡柴罗　请求您陛下开心点您有理由欢喜—— +对阿隆佐 +我们都有——因为我们逃过一劫 +远超过我们的损失。我们这种不幸 +稀松平常每天都有水手的妻子、 +商船的主人还有货主 +跟我们一样悲惨。然而这种奇迹—— +我是说我们保住性命——几百万当中 +没几个能像我们这般夸口。所以好陛下 +请明智地权衡我们的忧伤与安慰。 +阿隆佐　拜托你别叽喳了。 +西巴斯辛　他接受安慰像是喝冷橘茶。32 +西巴斯辛与安东尼奥一旁交谈 +安东尼奥　那来劝慰的不会轻易放过他的。 +西巴斯辛　瞧他正在替自己的智慧时钟上紧发条一会儿就要响啦。 +贡柴罗　陛下—— +对阿隆佐 +西巴斯辛　一数吧。 +贡柴罗　要是每次不幸都当一回事那人可有得—— +西巴斯辛　烂锅。 +旁白。对安东尼奥但被贡柴罗听见 +贡柴罗　难过33没错。没想到您说得这么真确。 +西巴斯辛　没想到您的理解比我预料的聪明。 +贡柴罗　因此王上—— +对阿隆佐 +安东尼奥　呸他可真会浪费唇舌 +阿隆佐　拜托你省省吧。 +对贡柴罗 +贡柴罗　好我说完了不过呢—— +西巴斯辛　他还是要说。 +安东尼奥　他跟阿德里安两个咱来赌一下谁会先啼 +西巴斯辛　老公鸡。 +安东尼奥　小公鸡。 +西巴斯辛　赌了。赌注呢 +安东尼奥　一笑34吧。 +西巴斯辛　一言为定 +阿德里安　这座岛虽然看似无人居住—— +西巴斯辛　哈哈哈35 +安东尼奥　好这算是赔了你了。 +阿德里安　住不得人也来不了—— +西巴斯辛　可是呢—— +阿德里安　可是呢—— +安东尼奥　他少不得会这样说。 +阿德里安　这里必然优美、温和、雅致怡人。 +安东尼奥　怡人36是个雅致的姑娘。 +西巴斯辛　是啊而且优美他说得极有学问。 +阿德里安　风的呼吸吹拂得极为惬意。 +西巴斯辛　好像风有两片肺叶似的都烂了。 +安东尼奥　不然就像抹了泥沼的香气。 +贡柴罗　这里样样都适合居住。 +安东尼奥　的确只是无以谋生。 +西巴斯辛　没有谋生之道或是很少。 +贡柴罗　草多么鲜嫩茂密啊。多么碧绿 +安东尼奥　土地其实是黄褐色。 +西巴斯辛　带着点绿。 +安东尼奥　他错得不离谱。 +西巴斯辛　对只不过完全弄反了。 +贡柴罗　但最稀罕的是——简直不可置信—— +西巴斯辛　稀罕的东西多半如此。 +贡柴罗　——我们的衣服都已经在海里泡过却还保持原来的鲜艳和光泽像是全新的而没有被海水玷污。 +安东尼奥　他的口袋只要有一个会说话难道不会说他撒谎37 +西巴斯辛　嗯或者非常虚伪地把他的说法放进口袋里。 +贡柴罗　我觉得咱们的衣服就像在非洲参加王上美丽的公主克拉丽贝尔跟突尼斯国王大婚刚穿上去的时候一样新。 +西巴斯辛　那婚礼好精彩而且咱们回程也都顺利。 +阿德里安　突尼斯从来没有过这等绝色的王后。 +贡柴罗　自从寡妇狄多38以后就没有了。 +安东尼奥　寡妇什么话嘛那“寡妇”怎么来的寡妇狄多 +西巴斯辛　他要是也说“鳏夫埃涅阿斯”39可怎么办我老天瞧您发那么大脾气 +阿德里安　您说是“寡妇狄多”吗您让我想一想她是迦太基人不是突尼斯人。 +贡柴罗　这突尼斯先生是当年的迦太基。40 +阿德里安　迦太基 +贡柴罗　我向您保证是迦太基。 +安东尼奥　他的话比那神奇的竖琴更神。41 +西巴斯辛　他不光建了城墙还盖了房子呢。 +安东尼奥　他下一个化不可能为可能的事会是什么 +西巴斯辛　我想他会把这个岛放进口袋带回家跟他儿子换个苹果。 +安东尼奥　然后把苹果籽洒到海里种出更多海岛。 +贡柴罗　对。42 +安东尼奥　哦答得可快。 +贡柴罗　陛下我们谈的是我们的衣服现在好像跟在突尼斯参加公主婚礼时一样鲜艳——她现在是王后了。 +对阿隆佐 +安东尼奥　也是到过那里的绝色美人。 +西巴斯辛　对不起除了寡妇狄多以外。 +安东尼奥　哦寡妇狄多对寡妇狄多。 +贡柴罗　陛下我的紧身外套岂不是跟我头一次穿的时候一样新吗我是说从某个角度—— +安东尼奥　那个角度找得很好。 +贡柴罗　——就是我在公主婚礼上穿的时候。 +阿隆佐　您把这些话硬塞进我耳里 +不是我想听的。我情愿没有 +把女儿嫁到那里。因为从那里回来 +我失去了儿子而且——依我看——女儿也是 +她离开意大利那么远 +我再也见不到她了。啊 +那不勒斯和米兰的嗣君是什么怪鱼 +拿你当餐点 +弗兰西斯科　陛下他可能还活着。 +我看见他和汹涌海浪搏斗 +跨在它们背上他踩着水 +用力推开它的敌意挺胸抵挡 +迎面而来的巨浪。他昂首 +于澎湃水面之上以他坚强的 +双臂使劲划向海岸那海岸俯视 +海浪腐蚀的峭壁底部 +好似弯着腰要帮助他。我确信 +他安全上了岸。 +阿隆佐　不不他已经走了。 +西巴斯辛　陛下您可以感谢自己造成这大难 +对阿隆佐 +不肯让公主赐福给咱们欧洲 +宁可放她给非洲人在那里 +她至少是从您的眼中放逐了 +有理由可以哀哭。 +阿隆佐　拜托你安静。 +西巴斯辛　我们大家都向您下跪求您 +别那样做美丽的公主自己 +也在厌恶与顺服之间踌躇不知 +天平该垂向哪一端。只怕我们已经 +永远失去了王子。米兰和那不勒斯 +因为这件事而增加的寡妇 +多过我们能带回去安慰她们的男人。 +这是您自己的过失。 +阿隆佐　也是最贵重的损失。43 +贡柴罗　西巴斯辛大人 +您说的实话缺少一点温柔 +时机也不宜。您这是在摩擦伤口 +而这时本该带膏药来疗伤才对。 +西巴斯辛　好得很。 +安东尼奥　像极了外科医师。 +贡柴罗　好陛下您的乌云 +对阿隆佐 +于我们是恶劣天候。 +西巴斯辛　恶劣天候 +安东尼奥　十分恶劣。 +贡柴罗　我若在这个岛上有块殖民地陛下—— +安东尼奥　他会栽种荨麻籽。 +西巴斯辛　或是酸模或锦葵。44 +贡柴罗　要是当了岛上的王我会怎么做 +西巴斯辛　不会喝醉因为没有酒。 +贡柴罗　在这个共和国我倒要反其道 +处理一切所有商业交易 +我一概不准45没有地方官的名称 +不可以有学问。财富、贫穷、 +雇用仆役没有。契约、继承、 +边界、地界、耕地、葡萄园没有。 +不用金属、谷物或酒或油。 +没有职业所有人尽都闲散。 +女人也是只是天真纯洁46。 +没有王权。 +西巴斯辛　但他还要做岛上的国王。 +安东尼奥　他那共和国的尾忘了头啦。 +贡柴罗　一切共有之物大自然都会生产 +无须流汗或努力。背叛、重罪、 +利剑、长矛、小刀、枪支或任何器械 +我都不要。自然自会自己出产 +都丰丰富富都充充足足 +供养我纯朴的百姓。 +西巴斯辛　他的子民没有婚姻吗47 +安东尼奥　没有老兄人人闲散妓女和流氓。 +贡柴罗　我会这样完美地统治陛下 +胜过黄金时代48。 +西巴斯辛　天佑陛下 +安东尼奥　贡柴罗万岁 +鞠躬或脱帽 +贡柴罗　还有——陛下您在听吗 +阿隆佐　拜托别说了。你说的对我都是空洞的。 +贡柴罗　我相信陛下说的没错。我故意讲给这些贵人听他们的肺十分敏感、反应迅速连空洞无物都会使他们发笑。 +安东尼奥　我们笑的是您。 +贡柴罗　在这种戏谑中你们视我为无物因此你们可以继续对着空洞嘲笑。 +安东尼奥　砍得好凶啊 +西巴斯辛　用的却是刀背。 +贡柴罗　两位是英勇的贵人假如月亮连续五个星期不变化你们会去把它从轨道上拉出来。 +爱丽儿[隐形]奏肃乐上 +西巴斯辛　我们会这样做然后摸黑去捕鸟49。 +安东尼奥　别这样好大人别生气嘛。 +贡柴罗　不会的我向您保证。我不会为这等小事就失去谨慎。可以请两位笑着催我入眠吗我非常困。 +安东尼奥　去睡吧听我们笑。 +除阿隆佐、西巴斯辛与安东尼奥外众人皆入睡 +阿隆佐　什么这么快都睡了但愿我的眼睛 +能够闭上同时关闭我的思想。 +我觉得它们正要这么做。 +西巴斯辛　陛下请您 +不要忽视沉重睡眠的机会。 +它难得造访忧伤一旦来了就是个安慰者。 +安东尼奥　我们两个陛下在您休息时 +会保卫您守护您的安全。 +阿隆佐　谢谢你们。眼皮沉重极了。 +他入睡 +西巴斯辛　多么诡异的睡意降临他们身上 +爱丽儿下 +安东尼奥　是气候的性质使然。 +西巴斯辛　那为什么 +它不会叫咱们的眼皮子下垂我觉得 +我不想睡。 +安东尼奥　我也是。我精神敏锐着呢。 +他们一起都睡了像是说好了似的 +倒了下去像是被雷殛似的。也许 +尊贵的西巴斯辛啊也许——不多说了。—— +然而我好像在你脸上看见 +你应有的身份。机会对你说话而 +我强烈的想象看见一顶王冠 +落在你头上。 +西巴斯辛　什么你是醒着的吗 +安东尼奥　您没听见我说话 +西巴斯辛　有啊那肯定 +是昏睡的语言你是在 +睡梦中说话。你刚才说什么来着 +这真是怪异的睡眠睡着了 +眼睛睁得大大。站着说着走动着 +却又睡得这么熟。 +安东尼奥　高贵的西巴斯辛 +你让你的好运睡着——该说是死去。闭着眼 +其实是醒着。 +西巴斯辛　你分明在打鼾 +鼾声里别有意图。 +安东尼奥　我比往常严肃。您 +也必会如此如果留心听我说。照着做 +会使你涨三倍。 +西巴斯辛　哦我是一片静海50。 +安东尼奥　我来教您如何涨潮。 +西巴斯辛　请吧。退潮 +是遗传的迟钝51给我的教导。 +安东尼奥　喔 +可惜您不明白您所嘲讽的 +正是您心中所想的您剥除它 +却是更加穿戴它。运气衰退的人其实 +往往是因为自身恐惧或迟钝 +才会在接近底层奔波。 +西巴斯辛　拜托继续说。 +你的眼神和表情宣告你心中 +有要紧大事而要你说出来 +却又实在会使你十分痛苦。 +安东尼奥　是这样的大人 +虽然这位记性不好的大人这一位 +当他入土之后也同样没有什么人 +纪念他但他刚才几乎说服了 +国王认为王子还活着——因为这个人 +是个说服的专家他的职业就只是说服。52 +王子要不淹死是不可能的 +就像说睡在这里的是在游泳。 +西巴斯辛　说他没淹死 +我不存希望。 +安东尼奥　喔从那个“不存希望” +您可有多大的希望那一边没希望 +是另一边高高的希望高到连 +野心放眼望去都必然 +担心会被发现。您是否同意我 +腓迪南已经淹死了 +西巴斯辛　他已经走了。 +安东尼奥　那告诉我谁是那不勒斯王位的下一位王储 +西巴斯辛　克拉丽贝尔。 +安东尼奥　在突尼斯当王后的她住在生命 +尽头三十英里外53的她无法从那不勒斯 +获得消息的她除非是太阳替她送信—— +月亮太慢了——不然要等到婴儿下巴 +长出可剃的粗胡须。我们参加她婚礼后 +全被海吞没虽然有些又被吐出来—— +命中注定要做一件事过去的 +成为这事情的序曲未来的 +就靠您与我去执行。 +西巴斯辛　这是啥您54这话怎讲 +不错我哥哥的女儿是突尼斯王后 +但她也是那不勒斯王储。两地之间 +是有些距离。 +安东尼奥　其间每一个腕尺55 +似乎都在呼喊“那个克拉丽贝尔要怎样 +量丈着我们回到那不勒斯待在突尼斯吧 +让西巴斯辛醒醒。”假如说吧现在 +是死亡掳获了他们那么他们的处境 +不会比现在更糟。有人能统治那不勒斯 +不逊于睡着的他有王公贵人能唠唠叨叨 +大放厥词讲些不着边际的话 +像这个贡柴罗我自己就能把 +寒鸦训练得有同样深度。啊愿您的 +想法跟我的一样那这场睡眠 +对您的前途可大大有利您懂我的意思吗 +西巴斯辛　我想我懂。 +安东尼奥　那您有多么 +在乎您自己的好运呢 +西巴斯辛　我记得 +您推翻了您的哥哥普洛斯彼罗。 +安东尼奥　对。 +瞧瞧这身衣裳穿在我身上多相配 +比以前更合身。我哥哥的仆从 +原是我的同僚如今成了我的部属。 +西巴斯辛　除了您的良心。 +安东尼奥　是啊大人那个在哪里呀假如那是冻疮 +我就得穿软拖鞋可是我胸膛里 +摸不着这位神明就算有二十颗良心 +挡在我跟米兰的大位中间凝结成冰 +在干扰我之前早融化了令兄躺在这里 +比他所躺的泥土好不到哪里 +假如他就像他现在这样——好像死了—— +我用这把听话的剑——只消三英寸—— +抚摸剑或匕首 +就能使他长眠而您这样子 +也可以把这个老朽这位谨慎大爷 +送去睡永远的觉免得 +他来谴责我们的行为。至于其他人 +他们会听从建议像猫舔牛奶一般 +我们说什么时候该怎么做他们就会 +照着去做。 +西巴斯辛　亲爱的朋友你所做的 +就是我的先例。你怎样得到米兰 +我就怎样获取那不勒斯。拔剑吧 +只消一击就免除你的纳贡 +而我这国王会恩宠你。 +安东尼奥　一同拔剑 +我举起手的时候您也照样做 +刺死贡柴罗。 +西巴斯辛　啊还有一句话。 +两人一旁交谈 +爱丽儿随音乐与歌声[隐形]上 +爱丽儿　我主人通过法术预知您、 +对睡着的贡柴罗 +他的朋友有危险差派我来 +保他们的命——不然他的计划就完了。 +您躺这里打着鼾 +在贡柴罗耳边歌唱 +阴谋睁眼看 +机会难再 +若您还想保命 +别沉睡当心。 +醒来醒来 +安东尼奥　那咱俩就赶快。 +安东尼奥与西巴斯辛拔剑 +贡柴罗　好天使啊保卫陛下 +醒转 +阿隆佐　嗄怎么啦嗬醒醒你们拔剑干吗 +余皆醒转 +怎么脸色这么苍白 +贡柴罗　怎么回事 +西巴斯辛　我们站在这里保护您休息 +就在刚才我们听见一阵咆哮 +像公牛更像狮子。可不把您惊醒了吗 +我听来可怕极了。 +阿隆佐　我什么都没听到。 +安东尼奥　声音大得可以吓坏妖怪 +地动山摇一定是整群狮子 +在吼叫。 +阿隆佐　您听到了吗贡柴罗 +贡柴罗　陛下我以荣誉发誓我听见嗡嗡声 +而且是很奇怪的使我醒过来。 +我摇摇您陛下大声叫。我张开眼睛 +看见他们剑已出鞘。是有个声音 +那是一定的。咱们最好提防着点 +不然就离开此地。我们都拿出武器来。 +阿隆佐　带我们离开这里大家再去寻找 +我那可怜的儿子。 +贡柴罗　愿老天保佑他远离这些野兽 +因为他一定在岛上。 +阿隆佐　带路吧。 +爱丽儿　得让普洛斯彼罗我主人知道我办到的事。 +陛下啊就请安全地去寻找你的儿子。 +众人[分头]下 +第二场第四景 +凯列班负一捆柴上。响起一阵雷声 +凯列班　让太阳吸起的一切病毒无论来自 +泥塘、沼泽、湿地都落在普洛斯彼罗身上 +叫他一寸一寸成了病灶。他的精灵听得见我 +可是我非诅咒不可。但他们不会折磨我 +扮妖精幽灵吓唬我把我扔进泥坑 +也不会在黑暗中变成鬼火带引我 +走偏路——除非他下了命令。可是 +为每一件小事他都要他们来整我 +有时像猴子对我扮鬼脸吱吱叫 +然后咬我有时像刺猬在我 +光脚走的路上翻滚竖起 +刺来扎我的脚。有时我全身 +被毒蛇缠绕它们用分岔的舌头 +咝咝作响嘘得我发狂。 +特林鸠罗56上 +瞧哎瞧 +这儿来了个他的精灵要折磨我 +因为我柴火搬得慢。我要倒下来 +也许他不会注意到我。 +躺下以斗篷遮盖全身 +特林鸠罗　这里没有灌木丛也没有矮树林可以遮风蔽雨而另一场风暴正在酝酿我从风中听见它唱着呢那边那片乌云那片大的看来像是个准备倒出酒来的臭酒囊。要是像刚才那样打起雷来我不知道该把头藏在哪儿。那边那片乌云一定会成桶成桶倾倒下来。这是啥玩意儿是人还是鱼死的还是活的是鱼他有鱼的味道一股很久很久的鱼腥味有点儿像不怎么新鲜的狗鳕干。一条怪鱼要是我现在人在英国——我在那里待过——只消把这条鱼着上颜色在那里度假的傻瓜人人都会掏出一块银币。在那里这个怪物可以帮人发财。任何奇怪的野兽都能帮人发财。那些人不肯出一个铜板救济跛腿的乞丐却愿意给上十个去看一个死掉的印第安人57。跟人一样有两条腿鱼鳍像手臂唷还真是温热的我现在要收回我的说法不再坚持。这不是鱼是刚刚被雷击的岛民。天哪暴风雨又来了我最好爬到他的粗布斗篷底下。这附近没别处可躲。苦难使人结交奇怪的伙伴。我要躲在这里等倾盆的暴风雨过去。 +看见凯列班 +雷声 +特林鸠罗爬进凯列班的斗篷 +斯丹法诺唱歌上 +手持一瓶酒 +斯丹法诺　俺不再出海出海。 +俺要死在岸上—— +这曲子在葬礼时唱很难受。唉这是我的安慰。 +饮酒 +船长、甲板清扫工、水手长和我 +唱 +炮手和他的副座 +爱上茉莉、梅葛、马莲和玛吉 +但没人喜欢凯蒂。 +她的舌头太毒辣 +会对水手说“去死吧” +她讨厌焦油或沥青的味道 +但无论身上哪里痒裁缝都可替她搔。 +那就出海吧哥儿们让她去死吧 +这也是支烂曲子不过这是我的安慰。 +饮酒 +凯列班　别折磨我。噢 +斯丹法诺　怎么回事这儿有魔鬼吗你们拿野人跟印第安人来耍我们嗄我都淹不死了现在还怕你的四条腿不成有这么个说法“就算最体面用四腿走路的也无法逼他让步。”只要斯丹法诺一息尚存这话还会再说一遍。 +凯列班　精灵在折磨我。噢 +斯丹法诺　这是岛上的四腿怪物依我看他是病了。他到底从哪儿学了咱们的语言就为这一点我要给他补一补。要是我能把他救活驯服了带到那不勒斯可以把他献给任何一个穿母牛皮鞋的皇帝。 +凯列班　别折磨我求求你。我会快点把木柴搬回家。 +斯丹法诺　他正在发病说话不顶有条理。他得尝尝我这瓶东西。要是他以前没喝过酒这玩意儿很可以治好他的病。要是我能救活他把他驯服了再高的价钱我都要得到谁想得到他就得付钱付足够的钱。 +凯列班　你到现在还没怎么伤害我马上就会开始了我看你发抖就知道。现在普洛斯彼罗正对你作法。 +斯丹法诺　来张开嘴。这东西能叫您58说话猫儿59。张开嘴来这东西能抖掉您的颤抖我告诉你而且抖得干干净净。您不知道谁是您朋友呢。嘴巴再张开来。 +给凯列班一口酒 +凯列班吐出来 +特林鸠罗　我该听出那声音。应该是——但他已经淹死了那这些是魔鬼。啊救命 +斯丹法诺　四条腿两种声音真是极巧妙的怪物他前头的声音是用来说朋友好话后头的声音是用来说脏话说坏话。假如用一整瓶酒可以治好他我愿意治他的病。来。够了60我来给你另一张嘴倒一点儿。 +特林鸠罗　斯丹法诺 +斯丹法诺　你的另一张嘴在叫我吗饶命啊饶命这是个魔鬼不是怪物。我要离开他我可没有长汤匙61。 +特林鸠罗　斯丹法诺你若是斯丹法诺就摸摸我跟我说话因为我是特林鸠罗——别害怕——你的好朋友特林鸠罗。 +斯丹法诺　你若是特林鸠罗就出来。我来拉你比较短的腿62。如果有哪一双腿是特林鸠罗的这双就是了。你真的就是那特林鸠罗你怎么会成了这怪物的便便63他能拉出特林鸠罗吗 +拉他出来 +特林鸠罗　我还以为他是被雷劈死了。可是你没淹死啊斯丹法诺现在我真希望你没淹死。暴风雨过去了吗我躲在这怪物的斗篷底下就是怕暴风雨。你还活着吧斯丹法诺斯丹法诺啊有两个那不勒斯人逃过了一劫 +特林鸠罗与斯丹法诺相拥或跳舞 +斯丹法诺　拜托别把我转来转去我的胃不舒服。 +凯列班　他们倒是好东西假如不是精灵的话。那一个是出色的神仙还带着仙酒。我要向他下跪。 +旁白 +斯丹法诺　你是怎么逃命的你怎么来到这里的手按着这瓶子说你怎么来到这里。我是靠着水手扔出船外的一个酒桶逃命的我凭着这瓶子发誓。这瓶子是我上岸之后亲手用树皮做的。 +凯列班　我要按着那瓶子宣誓做你忠贞的子民因为那酒不是人间的。 +斯丹法诺　按着这个老实说你是怎么逃命的。 +特林鸠罗　游泳上岸的老哥像鸭子那样。我能像鸭子一样游泳我发誓。 +斯丹法诺　这里亲这《圣经》64。你就算能像鸭子一样游泳也还天生是呆头鹅。 +递酒瓶给特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　斯丹法诺啊你可还有这玩意儿 +斯丹法诺　一整桶呢老兄。我的酒窖在海边一块岩石里面酒就藏在那儿。——怎么样啦怪物你的寒症怎样了 +对凯列班 +凯列班　你可是从天上掉下来的 +斯丹法诺　从月亮来的老实跟你讲。我原是月亮里的那个人。 +凯列班　我见过你在那里我好崇拜你。我的女主人65替我指出你跟你的狗还有你的矮树丛。66 +斯丹法诺　来就你这话发个誓。亲吻这《圣经》。我一会儿再倒上新的。发誓。 +递酒瓶给凯列班 +凯列班饮酒 +特林鸠罗　凭着阳光起誓这是个非常浅薄的怪物我还怕他一个懦弱的怪物月亮里的人一个极其可怜幼稚的怪物干得好怪物真的 +旁白 +凯列班　我要带你看遍岛上每一寸肥沃土地。我要亲你的脚。我求你做我的神明。 +特林鸠罗　天光为凭一个最不讲信用的烂醉怪物神明睡觉的时候他会去偷他的酒瓶。 +旁白 +凯列班　我要亲你的脚。我要发誓做你的子民。 +斯丹法诺　那就过来。跪下发誓。 +凯列班跪下 +特林鸠罗　这个猪头67怪物会把我笑死。一个卑鄙的怪物我恨不得打他一顿—— +旁白 +斯丹法诺　来亲。 +对凯列班 +特林鸠罗　——要不是这可怜怪物喝醉了。讨厌的怪物 +凯列班　我会带你看最好的水泉我会替你摘浆果我会替你捕鱼替你搜集足够的木柴。叫瘟疫降临我伺候的暴君我不再替他搬树枝只要跟随你你这天人。 +特林鸠罗　最可笑的怪物居然把个可怜的醉汉奉为天人。 +旁白 +凯列班　我求你让我带你到长野苹果的地方我也要用我的长指甲替你挖地栗给你看一个松鸦的窝教你怎么诱捕灵敏的狨猴我要带你到茂密的榛果林有时候我会替你从岩石上抓些小山羊68。你要跟我去吗 +斯丹法诺　拜托现在就带路别多说了。特林鸠罗既然王上和我们全体伙伴都淹死了我们可以接收这块地。——这里替我拿瓶子。特林鸠罗老哥咱们等一会儿再来倒上几杯。 +对凯列班 +凯列班　别了主人别了永别了 +醉唱 +特林鸠罗　嚎叫的怪物烂醉的怪物 +凯列班　不再筑坝捕鱼虾 +唱 +不必听命把柴搬 +不洗碗来不洗盘 +阿班阿班凯列班 +有了新老板——另外找人吧69。 +自由了放假啰放假啰自由了自由放假自由 +斯丹法诺　好怪物啊带路吧 +众人下 +第三幕 +第一场第五景 +腓迪南扛一根木头上 +腓迪南　有些活动累人但因为喜欢 +放下木头 +就不觉疲乏。有些卑微的工作 +可以高贵地承担微不足道的事体 +结果富丽堂皇。这低贱的工作 +对我原本沉重并且可憎然而 +我伺候的女主人化死气为活力 +使我的劳役成为喜乐。啊她的 +温柔十倍于她父亲的粗暴 +而他乃是严酷所造。我必须搬 +几千根这种木头把它们堆好全凭 +他一声苛刻的命令。我可爱的女主人 +见我工作就流泪说这种粗活 +从没有类似的人干过。我忘了70。 +但这些甜蜜思绪纾解了我的劳累 +扛起木头 +做起事来最忙碌也最轻松。 +米兰达与普洛斯彼罗上 +普洛斯彼罗躲在远处 +米兰达　哎呀现在恳求您 +对腓迪南 +不要工作得这么卖力。我情愿闪电 +烧掉您必须堆积的那些木头。 +请您放下来休息。这木头燃烧时 +会因为曾使您疲乏而流泪71。家父 +正专心研究现在请您歇息 +他三个钟头内不会来。 +腓迪南　最亲爱的女主人哪 +我还没做完该努力完成的事 +太阳就要下山了。 +米兰达　您要是肯坐下 +我会替您搬木头。请拿给我 +我搬到柴堆去。 +腓迪南　不行珍贵的人儿 +我宁可折断我的筋压垮我的背 +也不能让您受这种委屈 +而自己却闲坐一旁。 +米兰达　这件事对我合适 +就和对您一样而我做起来 +更轻省得多因为我是甘心乐意 +而您是不情不愿。 +普洛斯彼罗　可怜虫你被感染了。 +旁白 +这次探访看得出来。 +米兰达　您似乎很累。 +腓迪南　不高贵的女主人有您在一旁夜晚 +对我就是清新的早晨。我要请教您的 +芳名主要是为了把它放在 +我的祷告里。 +米兰达　米兰达。——哦父亲哪 +我这一说就破了您的诫命。 +腓迪南　可赞叹的米兰达72 +真是绝顶令人赞叹当得上 +世界的至宝多少贵妇 +我曾仔细注目多少次 +她们悦耳的言语囚禁了 +我太过殷勤的耳朵。不同的优点 +使我中意过不同的女人从没有 +一位如此全心爱慕——总有什么 +缺点与她至高的魅力不合 +使那魅力受损。然而您喔您 +如此完美如此无与伦比乃是 +集众生精华所创造。 +米兰达　我没有见过 +与我同性别的记不得任何女人的容貌 +除了从镜子里自己的脸。我也不曾 +见过可以说是男人的除了您我的爱73 +以及我亲爱的父亲。外面人长相如何 +我完全无知但是以我的贞节—— +我嫁妆中的珍宝——为证我在这世上 +除了您别的伴侣都不想要。 +我的想象也无法塑造出除您自己以外 +可以喜爱的相貌。但我信口说得 +似乎太过分了把家父的吩咐 +都忘记了。 +腓迪南　我的地位乃是 +王子米兰达我相信是国王—— +我情愿不是——我本不能忍受 +担柴的奴役就如不能任凭 +苍蝇在我嘴上产卵。请听我的心声 +我乍见到您的那一刻我的心 +就飞来要为您效劳住下来 +使我成为奴才为了您的缘故 +我成了这吃苦耐劳的搬柴工。 +米兰达　您爱我吗 +腓迪南　皇天后土啊替我这话作证 +假如我所说真诚让我的告白 +得到善果若是虚伪就把 +我原本上上吉兆颠倒为祸害。我 +超乎世上其他一切的界线 +热爱您宝贵您敬重您。 +米兰达　我好傻 +竟为高兴的事而哭。 +普洛斯彼罗　两股至深的感情 +旁白 +美妙地相遇了求上苍降福泽 +给他俩生下来的74。 +腓迪南　您为什么要哭 +米兰达　哭我的不配既不敢献出 +我想要给的更不敢接受 +我得不到就会死的。但这太 +轻浮了越是想要隐藏自己 +越发显露得多。离去吧故作娇羞 +朴实圣洁的纯真激励我 +我就是您的妻子如果您愿娶我。 +如果不愿我就一辈子做您的婢女75。 +您可以拒绝我当您配偶但我要做 +您的仆人不管您肯不肯。 +腓迪南　我的心上人我的最爱 +跪地 +我永远如此顺服。 +米兰达　那是我丈夫啰 +腓迪南　是的打心底情愿 +像是奴隶拥抱自由。我的手在此。 +米兰达　这是我的里面有我的心。76现在我暂别您 +半个钟头后再会。 +腓迪南　千千万万个再会 +[腓迪南与米兰达分头]下 +普洛斯彼罗　像他们那么高兴我是不可能的 +他们是欣喜若狂。但我的欢欣 +莫此为甚。我要回到我的魔法书 +因为晚餐前还必须完成 +与此相关的许多工作。 +下 +第二场第六景 +凯列班、斯丹法诺与特林鸠罗上 +斯丹法诺　别跟我说。桶里空了咱们才喝水否则一滴都不喝。所以就再喝吧喝干了。怪物仆为我干杯。 +特林鸠罗　怪物仆这个岛真荒唐——据说这岛上只有五个人我们就占了三个。要是另外两个脑袋跟咱们一样国家就完蛋了。 +旁白 +斯丹法诺　怪物仆我叫你喝你就喝。长在你头上的眼睛几乎发直了。 +凯列班饮酒 +特林鸠罗　不然要长在哪里要是他眼睛长在屁屁上那他可真是个精彩的怪物了。 +斯丹法诺　我这怪物仆的舌头泡在酒里了。77我呢海水都淹不了我。我可以游个一百英里左右到岸上。我保证让你做我的副手怪物啊或做我的掌旗官78。 +特林鸠罗　就让他做您的副手吧他根本站不直。 +斯丹法诺　咱们不必跑79怪物先生。 +特林鸠罗　也不走。您就像狗一样躺着也别说话。 +斯丹法诺　怪物这辈子总要说一次话吧如果你是个好怪物。 +凯列班　大人可好让我舔你的鞋子。我不伺候他他不勇敢。 +特林鸠罗　你撒谎无知透顶的怪物。我可以跟治安官干架。哎你这堕落的鱼你可有谁能像我今天喝那么多还是懦夫不成80你这半鱼半怪的家伙还想撒天大的怪谎81吗 +凯列班　瞧他这样嘲笑我你容许他吗我的主 +特林鸠罗　他说“主”哩怪物竟然这么呆 +凯列班　瞧你瞧又来了。把他咬死拜托。 +斯丹法诺　特林鸠罗看好您脑壳里的好舌头吧。您要是敢反叛就把您吊死。这可怜的怪物是我的子民不能让他受到羞辱。 +凯列班　谢谢尊贵的大人。你可愿意再听一次我的要求82 +斯丹法诺　圣母在上愿意啊。跪下再说一遍。我立着特林鸠罗也是。 +爱丽儿隐形上 +凯列班　如我先前告诉你的我是一个暴君、一个巫师的子民。他利用法术从我手中骗走了这座岛。 +爱丽儿　你撒谎。 +凯列班　你撒谎你这插科打诨的猴儿83你。但愿我勇敢的主人把你干掉。我没撒谎。 +对特林鸠罗 +斯丹法诺　特林鸠罗您要是再扰乱他说话我凭这只手发誓要打落您几颗牙 +特林鸠罗　唉我啥也没说。 +斯丹法诺　那就闭嘴别再说了。——说下去。 +对特林鸠罗/对凯列班 +凯列班　我说他靠巫术得到这座岛 +从我这里拿走的。假设大人你 +对他报复——因为我知道你敢 +而这个东西84不敢—— +斯丹法诺　那是当然。 +凯列班　你就成为岛主我会服侍你。 +斯丹法诺　现在这事要怎么办才行 +你能带我去那个人那里吗 +凯列班　能能我的主。我趁他睡觉时把他交给你 +你可以在他头上敲一根钉子。85 +爱丽儿　你撒谎你不能。 +凯列班　这真是个花衫笨小丑86。你这下流胚—— +对特林鸠罗 +我恳求大王揍他 +对斯丹法诺 +把他的瓶子拿走这样 +他就只能喝海水了因为我不会带他 +去清水泉。 +斯丹法诺　特林鸠罗别再冒险了再说一个字打断这怪物讲话我凭这只手发誓会把我的慈悲赶出门把你打成鳕鱼干。 +特林鸠罗　奇怪我做了什么我啥也没做。我走远一点。 +斯丹法诺　你没说他撒谎吗 +爱丽儿　你撒谎。 +斯丹法诺　我吗赏你这一拳。要是喜欢的话下次再说我撒谎。 +痛打特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　我没有说啊。您不清醒也聋了吗去您那酒瓶灌酒灌成这副德行。我咒您的怪物长猪瘟魔鬼拿走您手指 +凯列班　哈哈哈 +斯丹法诺　好了继续说下去。——拜托站远点儿。 +对凯列班/对特林鸠罗 +凯列班　揍他个痛快。过一会儿 +我也要揍他。 +斯丹法诺　站远些。——好说下去。 +对特林鸠罗/对凯列班 +凯列班　哦我跟你讲过他有个习惯 +要睡午觉。那时候你可以把他脑浆打出来 +但要先夺走他的魔法书。或者用粗木棍 +打他脑壳或者拿木桩戳进他肚子 +或者用你的刀子割他的气管。记得 +先拿他的书因为没有了它们 +他不过就是个白痴跟我一样也没 +一个精灵供他使唤他们都恨他 +跟我一样恨他入骨。只要烧了他的书。 +他有些精美的器皿——他是这么说的—— +等他有了房屋他要用来装饰。 +而最要深思熟虑的是 +他女儿的美貌。他自己 +说她无可比拟。我没见过女人 +除了我娘西考拉克斯跟她 +但她远远胜过西考拉克斯 +好比最大胜过最小。 +斯丹法诺　是这么标致的姑娘啊 +凯列班　是的大人。她适合为你侍寝我保证 +也会替你养一窝俊美的儿女。 +斯丹法诺　怪物啊我要杀了这个人他女儿和我要当王与后——愿神保守我们两位君主——特林鸠罗和你自己要当总督。你喜欢这个计谋吗特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　好极了。 +斯丹法诺　把手伸出来对不起我打了你。不过你有生之年嘴巴别乱讲。 +凯列班　半个钟点以内他会睡着。 +那你会去干掉他吗 +斯丹法诺　会凭我荣誉保证。 +爱丽儿　这个我要告诉主人。 +旁白 +凯列班　你使我快活我满心欢喜 +我们来开心一下。你们唱一唱 +刚刚教我的轮唱曲好吗 +斯丹法诺　你的请求怪物在合理范围内我都答应。来吧特林鸠罗咱们就唱。 +叫他们难堪叫他们羞惭 +唱 +叫他们羞惭叫他们难堪 +思想要自由。 +凯列班　不是那调子。 +爱丽儿用小鼓和笛子奏出曲调 +斯丹法诺　这是什么啊 +特林鸠罗　这是我们轮唱曲的调子由“莫有人”87演奏。 +斯丹法诺　你若是个人就现出原形来若是个魔鬼那就随你便。 +特林鸠罗　啊饶了我的罪过 +斯丹法诺　死翘翘宿债了88。我才不怕你。——发发慈悲吧89 +凯列班　你害怕了吗 +斯丹法诺　不怪物我不怕。 +凯列班　别害怕这岛上充满了音乐、 +声响和甜美的曲子愉悦而不伤人。 +有时候上千种弦乐器 +在我耳边铮有时候是歌声 +如果我久睡之后醒来 +会使我回头又睡还有在梦中 +层云像是要开启看到财宝 +正要落在我头上我就醒来 +又哭着要回去做梦。 +斯丹法诺　这对我该是美妙的王国可以享受免费的音乐。 +凯列班　要等普洛斯彼罗死了。 +斯丹法诺　那也快了。我记得这回事。 +[爱丽儿奏乐下] +特林鸠罗　这声音渐渐离开了。咱们跟上去然后再办事。 +斯丹法诺　带路吧怪物。我们跟着去。但愿能见到这个鼓手他越打越来劲。 +特林鸠罗　你不来吗我要跟着斯丹法诺。 +对凯列班 +众人下 +第三场第七景 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、贡柴罗、阿德里安、弗兰西斯科及其他人上 +贡柴罗　圣母为证我走不动了陛下。 +我的老骨头痛。这真是在 +曲曲直直的迷宫走来走去。求您开恩 +我非休息不可了。 +阿隆佐　老枢密我不能怪你 +我自己也已经疲累得 +精神不济了。坐下来歇息吧。 +就在此地我要放弃希望不再 +让它哄骗我。他90已经淹死了 +我们这般迷途寻觅大海嘲笑 +我们徒然在陆地上找。罢了让他去吧。 +安东尼奥　我很高兴他如此丧失希望。 +旁白。对西巴斯辛 +别让一次的挫败使您放弃 +决心完成的目标。 +西巴斯辛　下一次机会我们要好好把握。 +旁白。对安东尼奥 +安东尼奥　就在今夜。 +旁白。对西巴斯辛 +因为经过旅途劳顿他们 +不会也无法保持警觉 +像起初那样。 +肃穆奇异的乐声起普洛斯彼罗隐形自高台[上]。其他几个怪物抬一桌酒席上并以高雅的致敬动作绕酒席跳舞他们邀请国王及其他人入席后即离去 +西巴斯辛　我说今夜。到此为止。 +旁白。对安东尼奥 +阿隆佐　这是什么乐音吶各位好友听啊 +贡柴罗　太美妙的音乐。 +阿隆佐　求赐我们守护天使老天。这些是什么 +西巴斯辛　是活人演的偶戏。现在我相信 +麒麟的存在相信在阿拉伯 +有一棵树是凤凰的宝座一只凤凰 +此刻正在那里当王。 +安东尼奥　两者我都相信。 +还有其他什么难信的来找我 +我都发誓真有其事旅行者从不撒谎 +尽管足不出户的傻瓜斥责他们。 +贡柴罗　要是在那不勒斯 +我现在报告这件事他们会相信吗 +我若是说我见到这种岛民—— +因为这些一定是岛上的居民—— +他们虽然形状怪异但要注意 +他们的举止却温柔、善良胜过 +您在我们人类中可以找到的 +许多人甚至任何人。 +普洛斯彼罗　诚实的大人 +旁白 +说的不错因为你们在场有些人 +比魔鬼还要坏。 +阿隆佐　简直太奇妙了 +这种形体这种姿态这种音声表达出—— +虽然他们没有用语言——一种 +高妙的无声言谈。 +普洛斯彼罗　临别再赞美吧。91 +旁白 +弗兰西斯科　他们消失得很奇特。 +西巴斯辛　没关系既然 +他们把食物留下来了因为我们有胃口。 +您来尝尝这里的东西好吗 +阿隆佐　我不要。 +贡柴罗　老实说陛下您不必害怕。咱们小时候 +谁会相信有山地人 +脖子像公牛似的喉咙挂着 +肉做的袋子92或是说有些人的 +头长在胸前如今我们发现 +每个远游归来的旅人93都会带给我们 +确凿的证据。 +阿隆佐　我要用餐即使 +这是我最后一顿。没关系反正我觉得 +最好的日子已成过去。弟弟、公爵大人 +过来用餐跟朕一样。 +雷鸣电闪。爱丽儿作鸟身女妖94形象上。他用翅膀拍桌然后通过巧妙的机关酒席消失 +爱丽儿　你们三个身负罪孽的人掌控 +下界以及其中万物的命运之神 +使那贪婪无厌的大海 +把你们吐出来。在这岛上 +这无人居住的荒岛——你们是 +世间最不配存活的人——我令你们 +发狂并且以疯狂之勇自己 +上吊、投水。你们是笨蛋我 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛与安东尼奥各自拔剑 +和我的伙伴乃天使神差。铸造 +你们剑的材质伤不了喧嚣的风 +可笑的刺戳也杀不死 +永远复合的水怎能减损 +我一根细羽毛我的神差伙伴 +同样刀枪不入。就算你们能够伤害 +你们的剑现在也太沉重凭你们的力气 +举不起来。但是要记住—— +因为这是我来的目的——你们三个 +把善良的普洛斯彼罗逐出米兰 +把他和他无辜的孩子丢到大海 +——海却救了他们。为那一桩恶行 +上天虽然延迟——并没忘记95—— +搅动大海与岸滩没错一切生灵 +使你们不得安宁。你的儿子阿隆佐 +他们已经夺走并且要我宣告 +凌迟的毁灭——尤惨于任何 +立即死亡——将会一步步临到 +你们和你们的前途上。想避免天怒 +在这荒凉无比的岛上降落 +你们头上唯有内心的忏悔 +以及日后革新的生活。 +他消失于雷声中。接着柔和的音乐声里那些怪物重上跳舞、扮鬼脸嘲弄搬走餐桌[离去] +普洛斯彼罗　你这鸟人体态扮演得高明 +我的爱丽儿吞吃得很优雅96。 +在你话里我的指示一样都没 +遗漏。同样地我那些低阶的 +精灵也以生动的方式认真完成 +他们各自的角色。我高明的法术奏效 +这些人我的仇敌乱成一团 +发了疯。他们如今在我掌控之中 +且任他们情急绝望我要去看看 +年轻的腓迪南——他们以为他淹死了—— +还有他跟我的宝贝。 +自高台下 +贡柴罗　我凭圣洁之物请问陛下您为何 +站在这里两眼发愣 +阿隆佐　啊恐怖恐怖 +我觉得波涛在说话把这事告诉我 +风声对着我唱这件事而雷鸣—— +那深沉可怕的风琴管——发出 +普洛斯彼罗的名字沉重宣告我的罪过。 +为此我儿子躺在海底污泥里 +我要到比铅锤所到更深之处 +去找他跟他共躺污泥里。 +下 +西巴斯辛　只要是一次对付一个魔鬼 +我可以把他们打得落花流水。 +安东尼奥　我来当你的帮手。 +[西巴斯辛与安东尼奥]下 +贡柴罗　他们三个都绝望了。他们的重罪 +像是久久之后才发作的毒药 +现在开始啃食他们的官能。我恳求 +你们——动作敏捷的——快快跟上去 +阻止他们因为太过激动 +而做出什么来。 +阿德里安　各位请跟我来。 +众人下 +第四幕 +第一场第八景 +普洛斯彼罗、腓迪南与米兰达上 +普洛斯彼罗　如果我对您97处罚过分严厉 +对腓迪南 +您得到的报偿足以弥补因为我 +已经给了您我生命中的重要部分 +也可说是我活下去的理由——我再次 +把她托付于你98。你受到的一切折磨 +不过是我在考验你的爱情而你 +完美地通过了测试。在此苍天为证 +我批准这份丰美的赠礼。腓迪南啊 +不要笑我如此夸她因为 +你会发现她将超越一切赞美 +使它跛足落在后面。 +腓迪南　我绝对相信即使神谕相反。 +普洛斯彼罗　那么把这当作我的礼物99以及你自己 +努力所应得的收下我的女儿吧。然而 +假如你竟先行打破她的贞操 +而不待所有圣洁仪式包括 +正式神圣的礼法都已完成 +上天绝不会洒下馨香的圣水 +来栽培这个婚姻倒是不孕的忿怒、 +酸楚的蔑视以及勃谿会以 +可憎的野草覆盖你们的喜床 +使你们两人都痛恨。因此要谨慎 +好让婚姻之神100光照你们。 +腓迪南　既有了 +现在这样的爱情我希望日子安稳 +子孙美好长命百岁最昏暗的洞穴、 +最方便的处所、我们劣根性 +最强烈的诱惑都绝不会融化 +我的荣誉成为肉欲夺走 +大喜之日无垢的欢庆——那一天 +我会觉得太阳神的骏马101跛腿 +不然就是黑夜被拘禁在下界。102 +普洛斯彼罗　说得好。 +那就坐下跟她谈话。她是你的了。 +腓迪南与米兰达坐下谈话 +现在爱丽儿我勤勉的仆人爱丽儿 +爱丽儿上 +爱丽儿　万能的主人有何吩咐我在这里。 +普洛斯彼罗　你和你手下的伙伴们前一件差事 +办得好我还得运用你们 +另做一件类似的把戏。去把那些家伙 +就是我授权你统管的带到这里。 +叫他们动作要快因为我必须 +让这对年轻人亲眼看看 +我巧妙的把戏。这是我的承诺 +他们对我有此期待。 +爱丽儿　立刻就要 +普洛斯彼罗　对一眨眼的工夫。 +爱丽儿　您还没说“来”啊“去” +“如此这般”讲两句 +个个精灵轻快跑 +早已噘嘴来报到。 +您要爱我好不好 +普洛斯彼罗　爱极了我灵巧的爱丽儿。听到 +我喊你才可以过来。 +爱丽儿　好我明白。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　你要有诚信。不可过度放肆 +对腓迪南 +调情再坚强的誓言碰到热血的 +火焰也如同干草。多节制点 +否则您就同誓言告别了。 +腓迪南　我向您保证大人 +我怀里纯白冰雪般的贞节103 +消除了我胸中104的激情。 +普洛斯彼罗　好。 +现在过来我的爱丽儿宁可多带些 +也别少带了精灵。现身快。 +不许作声注意看安静。105 +乐声轻柔。彩虹女神伊里斯106上107 +伊里斯　刻瑞斯108最丰饶的女神你肥美 +田地长满种种麦子和豆类109 +绿草覆盖你的山头供应群羊 +平坦草原遍布干草110将它们喂养 +你的河岸经过挖掘、围上树篱笆 +到湿答答的四月听你吩咐开花111 +给贞静水仙子做冠冕你的金雀花荫 +失恋的单身汉爱在那里藏隐 +疗养情伤你修剪过的葡萄园 +还有那岩石坚硬不毛之地的海边 +你去那里呼吸新鲜空气。我乃 +天后112的彩虹兼信使。她请你离开 +那些地方陪同淑德的天后 +朱诺从天而降 +乘坐车辇 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/shakespeare-zh-en-4000.txt b/data/shakespeare-zh-en-4000.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..66f8c0ec288424c22e5d7d8e226c9022b27edfaa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/shakespeare-zh-en-4000.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4000 @@ +总目录 +暴风雨莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +维洛那二绅士莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +快乐的温莎巧妇莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +一报还一报莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +错误的喜剧莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +无事生非莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +爱的徒劳莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +仲夏夜之梦莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +威尼斯商人莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +皆大欢喜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +驯悍记莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +终成眷属莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +第十二夜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +冬天的故事莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +科利奥兰纳斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +罗密欧与朱丽叶莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +雅典的泰门莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +尤力乌斯·凯撒莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +麦克白莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +哈姆莱特莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +李尔王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +奥瑟罗莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +辛白林莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +约翰王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查二世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利五世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世中莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查三世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利八世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰尔亲王佩力克里斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +两贵亲莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +莎士比亚诗集莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +Copyright © Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2016 +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. +本书版权由外语教学与研究出版社独家所有。如未获得该社书面同意书中任何部分之文字及图片不得用任何方式抄袭、节录、翻印或存储利用于任何数据库及检索系统等。 +Published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press +No. 19 Xisanhuan Beilu +Beijing, China 100089 +http://www.fltrp.com +京权图字01-2015-5979 +The Tempest +Copyright©The Royal Shakespeare Company, 2007 +All rights reserved +Published by arrangement with Random House, an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc. +图书在版编目CIP数据 +暴风雨英汉对照英莎士比亚Shakespeare, W.著彭镜禧译—北京外语教学与研究出版社2016.3 +莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本辜正坤等主编 +书名原文The Tempest +ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +I①暴…　II①莎…　②彭…　III①英语汉语对照读物　②多幕剧剧本英国中世纪　IV① H319.4I +中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字2016第055784号 +出版人　　蔡剑峰 +项目负责　姚　虹　李　云 +责任编辑　文雪琴 +封面设计　奇文云海　设计顾问 +出版发行　外语教学与研究出版社 +社　　址　北京市西三环北路19号100089 +网　　址　http://www.fltrp.com +版　　次　2016年4月第1版 +书　　号　ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +凡侵权、盗版书籍线索请联系我社法律事务部 +举报电话01088817519 +电子邮箱banquan@fltrp.com +法律顾问立方律师事务所　刘旭东律师 +　　　　　中咨律师事务所　殷　斌律师 +目　录 +出版说明 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +《暴风雨》导言 +暴风雨 +宁静中的暴风雨——译后记 +Introduction to The Tempest +The Tempest +User's Guide +返回总目录 +·1623年历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本First Folio由莎士比亚的演员同僚们结集出版。 +·2007年英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company邀约当今世界顶级莎学专家乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate和埃里克·拉斯姆森Eric Rasmussen对第一对开本进行了三百多年来的首次全面修订推出了新版《莎士比亚全集》。 +·2015年外语教学与研究出版社以上述新版《莎士比亚全集》为蓝本特邀当今华语翻译界和莎学界知名学者将流传下来的莎士比亚全部作品进行全新重译遂有此集。 +出版说明 +1623年莎士比亚的演员同僚们倾注心血结集出版了历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本这是三百多年来许多导演和演员最为钟爱的莎士比亚文本。2007年由英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company推出的《莎士比亚全集》则是对第一对开本首次全面的修订。 +本套《莎士比亚全集》新汉译本正是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》翻译而成。为了让读者在阅读译本的时候也能够了解到原版的辑注风格与成果也为了方便对照查阅出版者在版式呈现上尽量遵照原版译本的凡例说明如下 +一、文体剧文有诗体和散体之分。在英文行文中诗行的标志是未及最右行末即转行且每行的首字母大写。文字连排直至最右行末转行的则为散体。中文译文对此均遵照原版处理。 +二、舞台提示 +1角色的上场与下场。在对开本中角色的上场、下场标示比较完备原版编辑者亦尽量忠实地予以了保留。在缺漏或需作订正的地方以方括号进行标注如[and Attendants]。中文译文在处理上对应英文保留了同样的标注如[及众侍从]。 +2其他舞台提示。表示其他舞台活动、改变说活对象、旁白等的舞台提示在对开本中很少出现大多为当代编辑者所添加。皇家版编辑者试图将这类指导性的directorial提示与对开本式的Folio-style提示区分开来前者置于每页最右侧采用了另一种字体当然对这种提示类型的判断存在主观的因素。有时亦有不确定的情形出现于是编辑者给予了允许选择的提示如Aside旁白表示某行剧文既可作为旁白亦可当作对话又如某个舞台活动置于箭头↓↓之间表示它可发生在一场戏中的多个不同时刻。中文译文亦遵照原版处理。 +愿广大读者在品味译者的佳文时亦体验到辑注的精审想必会有一番意想不到的新收获。 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +辜正坤 +他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。 +这是英国大作家本·琼森Ben Jonson在第一部《莎士比亚全集》Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies, 1623扉页上题诗中的诗行。三百多年来莎士比亚在全球逐步成为一个家喻户晓的名字似乎与这句预言在在呼应。但这并非偶然言中有许多因素可以解释莎士比亚这一巨大的文化现象产生的必然性。最关键的至少有下面几点。 +首先其作品内容具有惊人的多样性。世界上很难有第二个作家像莎士比亚这样能够驾驭如此广阔的题材。他的作品内容几乎无所不包称得上英国社会的百科全书。帝王将相、走卒凡夫、才子佳人、恶棍屠夫……一切社会阶层都展现于他的笔底。从海上到陆地从宫廷到民间从国际到国内从灵界到凡尘……笔锋所指无处不至。悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、传奇剧叙事诗、抒情诗……都成为他显示天才的文学样式。从哲理的韵味到浪漫的爱情从盘根错节的叙述到一唱三叹的诗思波涛汹涌的情怀妙夺天工的笔触凡开卷展读者无不为之拊掌称绝。即使只从莎士比亚使用过的海量英语词汇来看也令人产生仰之弥高的感觉。德国语言学家马克斯·缪勒Max Müller原以为莎士比亚使用过的词汇最多为15,000个事后证明这当然是小看了语言大师的词汇储藏量。美国教授爱德华·霍尔登Edward Holden经过一番考察后认为至少达24,000个。可是他哪里知道这依然是一种低估。有学者甚至声称用电脑检索出莎士比亚用的词汇多达43,566个当然这些数据还不是莎士比亚作品之所以产生空前影响的关键因素。 +其次但也许是更重要的原因他的作品具有极高的娱乐性。文学作品的生命力在于它能寓教于乐。莎士比亚的作品不是枯燥的说教而是能够给予读者或观众极大艺术享受的娱乐性创造物往往具有明显的煽情效果有意刺激人的欲望。这种艺术取向当然不是纯粹为了娱乐而娱乐掩藏在背后的是当时西方人强有力的人本主义精神即用以人为本的价值观来对抗欧洲上千年来以神为本的宗教价值观。重欲望、重娱乐的人本主义倾向明显对重神灵、重禁欲的神本主义产生了极大的挑战。当然莎士比亚的人本主义与中国古人所主张的人本主义有很大的区别。要而言之前者在相当大的程度上肯定了人的本能欲望或原始欲望的正当性而后者则主要强调以人的仁爱为本规范人类社会秩序的高尚的道德要求。二者都具有娱乐效果但前者具有纵欲性或开放性娱乐效果后者则具有节欲性或适度自律性娱乐效果。换句话说对于16、17世纪的西方人来说莎士比亚的作品暗中契合了试图挣脱过分禁欲的宗教教义的约束而走向个性解放的千百万西方人的娱乐追求因此它会取得巨大成功是势所必然的。 +第三时势造英雄。人类其实从来不缺善于煽情的作手或视野宏阔的巨匠缺的常常是时势和机遇。莎士比亚的时代恰恰是英国文艺复兴思潮达到鼎盛的时代。禁欲千年之久的欧洲社会如堤坝围裹的宏湖表面上浪静风平其底层却汹涌着决堤的纵欲性暗流。一旦湖堤洞开飞涛大浪呼卷而下浩浩汤汤汇作长河而莎士比亚恰好是河面上乘势而起的弄潮儿其迎合西方人情趣的精湛表演遂赢得两岸雷鸣般的喝彩声。时势不光涵盖社会发展的总趋势也牵连着别的因素。比如说文学或文化理论界、政治意识形态对莎士比亚作品理解、阐释的多样性与莎士比亚作品本身内容的多样性产生相辅相成的效果。“说不尽的莎士比亚”成了西方学术界的口头禅。西方的每一种意识形态理论尤其是文学理论要想获得有效性都势必会将阐释莎士比亚的作品作为试金石。17世纪初的人文主义18世纪的启蒙主义19世纪的浪漫主义20世纪的现实主义或批判现实主义都不同程度地、选择性地把莎士比亚作品作为阐释其理论特点的例证。也许17世纪的古典主义曾经阻遏过西方人对莎士比亚作品的过度热情但是19世纪的浪漫主义流派却把莎士比亚作品推崇到无以复加的崇高地位莎士比亚俨然成了西方文学的神灵。20世纪以来西方资本主义阵营和社会主义阵营可以说在意识形态的各个方面都互相对立势同水火可是在对待莎士比亚的问题上居然有着惊人的共识与默契。不用说社会主义阵营的立场与社会主义理论的创始者马克思Karl Marx、恩格斯Friedrich Engels个人的审美情趣息息相关。马克思一家都是莎士比亚的粉丝马克思称莎士比亚为“人类最伟大的天才之一人类文学奥林波斯山上的宙斯”他号召作家们要更加莎士比亚化。恩格斯甚至指出“单是《温莎的风流娘儿们》的第一幕就比全部德国文学包含着更多的生活气息。”不用说这些话多多少少有某种程度的文学性夸张但对莎士比亚的崇高地位来说却无疑产生了极大的推动作用。 +第四1623年版《莎士比亚全集》奠定莎士比亚崇拜传统。这个版本即眼前译本所依据的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》The RSC William Shakespeare: Complete Works, 2007的主要内容。该版本产生于莎士比亚去世的第七年。莎士比亚的舞台同仁赫明奇John Heminge和康德尔Henry Condell整理出版了第一部莎士比亚戏剧集。当时的大学者、大作家本·琼森为之题诗诗中写道“他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。”这个调子奠定了莎士比亚偶像崇拜的传统。而这个传统一旦形成后人就难以反抗。英国文学中的莎士比亚偶像崇拜传统已经形成了一种自我完善、自我调整、自我更新的机制。至少近两百年来莎士比亚的文学成就已被宣传成世界文学的顶峰。 +第五现在署名“莎士比亚”的作品很可能不只是莎士比亚一个人的成果而是凝聚了当时英国若干戏剧创作精英的团体努力。众多大作家的智慧浓缩在以“莎士比亚”为代号的作品集中其成就的伟大性自然就获得了解释。当然这最后一点只是莎士比亚研究界若干学者的研究性推测远非定论。有的莎士比亚著作爱好者害怕一旦证明莎士比亚不是署名为“莎士比亚”的著作的作者莎士比亚的著作便失去了价值这完全是杞人忧天。道理很简单人们即使证明了《红楼梦》的作者不是曹雪芹或《三国演义》的作者不是罗贯中也丝毫不影响这些作品的伟大价值。同理人们即使证明了《莎士比亚全集》不是莎士比亚一个人创作的也丝毫不会影响《莎士比亚全集》是世界文学中的伟大作品这个事实反倒会更有力地证明这个事实因为集体的智慧远胜于个人。 +皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本翻译总思路 +横亘于前的这套新译本是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》进行翻译的而皇家版又正是以本·琼森题过诗的1623年版《莎士比亚全集》为主要依据。 +这套译本是在考察了中国现有的各种译本后根据新的历史条件和新的翻译目的打造出来的。其总的翻译思路是本套译本主编会同外语教学与研究出版社的相关领导和责任编辑讨论的结果。总起来说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本在翻译思路上主要遵循了以下几条 +1版本依据。如上所述本版汉译本译文以英国皇家版《莎士比亚全集》为基本依据。但在翻译过程中译者亦酌情参阅了其他版本以增进对原作的理解。 +2翻译内容包括内页所含全部文字。例如作品介绍与评论、正文、注释等。 +3注释处理问题。对于注释的处理1翻译时如果正文译文已经将英文版某注释的基本含义较准确地表达出来了则该注释即可取消2如果正文译文只是部分地将英文版对应注释的基本含义表达出来则该注释可以视情况部分或全部保留3如果注释本身存疑可以在保留原注的情况下加入译者的新注。但是所加内容务必有理有据。 +4翻译风格问题。对于风格的处理1在整体风格上译文应该尽量逼肖原作整体风格包括以诗体译诗体以散体译散体2版式风格亦尽量保留例如页边行号数码亦应在译文中保留俾便读者索查原文3在具体的文字传输处理上通常应该注重汉译本身的文字魅力增强汉译本的可读性。不宜太白话不宜太文言文白用语宜尽量自然得体。句子不要太绕注意汉语自身表达的句法结构尤其是其逻辑表达方式。意义的异化性不等于文字形式本身的异化性因此要注意用汉语的归化性来传输、保留原作含义的异化性。朱生豪先生的译本语言流畅、可读性强但可惜不是诗体有违原作形式。当下译本是要在承传朱先生译本优点的基础上根据新时代的读者审美趣味取得新的进展。梁实秋先生等的译本在达意的准确性上比朱译有所进步也是我们应该吸纳的优点。但是梁译文采不足则须注意避其短。方平先生等的译本也把莎士比亚翻译往前推进了一步在进行大规模诗体翻译方面作出了宝贵的尝试但是离真正的诗体尚有距离。此外前此的所有译本对于莎士比亚原作的色情类用语都有程度不同的忽略本套皇家版译本则尽力在此方面还原莎士比亚的本真状态论述见后文。其他还有一些译本亦都应该受到我们的关注处理原则类推。每种译本都有自己独特的东西。我们希望美的译文是这套译本的突出特点。 +5借鉴他种汉译本问题。凡是我们曾经参考过的较好的译本都在适当的地方加以注明承认前辈译者的功绩。借鉴利用是完全必要的但是要正大光明避免暗中抄袭。 +6具体翻译策略问题特别关键下文将其单列进行陈述。 +莎士比亚作品翻译领域大转折真正的诗体译本 +莎士比亚首先是一个诗人。莎士比亚的作品基本上都以诗体写成。因此要想尽可能还原本真的莎士比亚就必须将莎士比亚作品翻译成为诗体而不是散文这在莎学界已经成为共识。但是紧接而来的问题是什么叫诗体或需要什么样的诗体 +按照我们的想法1所谓诗体首先是措辞上的诗味必须尽可能浓郁2节奏上的诗味包括分行等要予以高度重视3结合中国人的审美习惯剧文可以押韵也可以不押韵。但不押韵的剧文首先要满足前两个要求。 +本全集翻译原计划由笔者一个人来完成。但是莎士比亚的创作具有惊人的多样性其作品来源也明显具有莎士比亚时代若干其他作家与作品的痕迹因此完全由某一个译者翻译成一种风格也许难免偏颇难以和莎士比亚风格的多样性相呼应。所以集众人的力量来完成大业应该更加合理更加具有可操作性。 +具体说来新时代提出了什么要求简而言之就是用真正的诗体翻译莎士比亚的诗体剧文。这个任务是朱生豪先生无法完成的。朱先生说过他在翻译莎士比亚作品时“当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命”。1显然朱先生也考虑过用诗体来翻译莎士比亚著作的问题但是他的结论是第一靠单独一个人用诗体翻译《莎士比亚全集》是办不到的会因此累死第二他用散文翻译也是不得已的办法因为只有这样他才有可能在有生之年完成《莎士比亚全集》的翻译工作。 +将《莎士比亚全集》翻译成诗体比翻译成散文体要难得多。难到什么程度呢和朱生豪先生的翻译进度比较一下就知道了。朱先生翻译得最快的时候一天可以翻译一万字。2为什么会这么快朱先生才华过人这当然是一个因素但关键因素是他是用散文翻译的。用真正的诗体就不一样了。以笔者自己的体验今日照样用散文翻译莎士比亚剧本最快时也可达到每日一万字。这是因为今日的译者有比以前更完备的注释本和众多的前辈汉译本作参考至少在理解原著时要比朱先生当年省力得多所以翻译速度上最高达到一万字是不难的。但是翻译成诗体就是另外一回事了。这比自己写诗还要难得多。写诗是自己随意发挥译诗则必须按照别人的意思发挥等于是戴着镣铐跳舞。笔者自己写诗诗兴浓时一天数百行都可以写得出来但是翻译诗一天只能是几十行统计成字数往往还不到一千字最多只是朱生豪先生散文翻译速度的十分之一。梁实秋先生翻译《莎士比亚全集》用的也是散文但是也花了37年如果要翻译成真正的诗体那么至少得370年由此可见真正的诗体《莎士比亚全集》汉译本的诞生有多么艰难。此次笔者约稿的各位译者都是用诗体翻译并且都表示花费了大量的时间皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本凝聚了诸位译者的多少努力也就不言而喻了。 +翻译诗体分辨不是分了行就是真正的诗 +主张将莎士比亚剧作翻译成诗体成了共识但是什么才是诗体却缺乏共识。在白话诗盛行的时代许多人只是简单地认定分了行的文字就是诗这个概念。分行只是一个初级的现代诗要求甚至不必是必然要求因为有些称为诗的文字甚至连分行形式都没有。不过在莎士比亚作品的翻译上要让译文具有诗体的特征首先是必定要分行的因为莎士比亚原作本身就有严格的分行形式。这个不用多说。但是译文按莎士比亚的方式分了行只是达到了一个初级的低标准。莎士比亚的剧文读起来像不像诗还大有讲究。 +卞之琳先生对此是颇有体会的。他的译本是分行式诗体但是他自己也并不认为他译出的莎士比亚剧本就是真正的诗体译本。他说读者阅读他的译本时“如果……不感到是诗体不妨就当散文读就用散文标准来衡量”。3这是一个诚实的译者说出的诚实话。不过卞先生很谦虚他有许多剧文其实读起来还是称得上诗体的。原因是什么原因是他注意到了笔者上文提到的两点第一诗的措辞第二诗的节奏。只不过他迫于某些客观原因并没有自始至终侧重这方面的追求而已。 +显然一些译本翻译了莎士比亚的剧文在行数上靠近莎士比亚原作措辞也还流畅。这些是不是就是理想的诗体莎士比亚译本呢笔者认为这还不够。什么是诗对于中国人来说有几千年的历史我们不能脱离这个悠久的传统来讨论这个问题。为此我们不得不重新提到一些基本概念什么是诗什么是诗歌翻译 +诗歌是语言艺术诗歌翻译也就必须是语言艺术 +讨论诗歌翻译必须从讨论诗歌开始。 +诗主情。诗言志。诚然。但诗歌首先应该是一种精妙的语言艺术。同理诗歌的翻译也就不得不首先表现为同类精妙的语言艺术。若译者的语言平庸而无光彩与原作的语言艺术程度差距太远那就最多只是原诗含义的注释性文字算不得真正的诗歌翻译。 +那么何谓诗歌的语言艺术 +无他修辞造句、音韵格律一整套规矩而已。无规矩不成方圆无限制难成大师。奥运会上所有的技能比赛无不按照特定的规矩来显示参赛者高妙的技能。德国诗人歌德Johann Wolfgang von Goethe《自然和艺术》“Natur und Kunst”一诗最末两行亦彰扬此理 +非限制难见作手 +唯规矩予人自由。4 +艺术家的“自由”得心应手之谓也。诗歌既为语言艺术自然就有一整套相应的语言艺术规则。诗人应用这套规则时一旦达到得心应手的程度那就是达到了真正成熟的境界。当然规矩并非一点都不可打破但只有能够将规矩使用到随心所欲而不逾矩的程度的人才真正有资格去创立新规矩丰富旧规矩。创新是在承传旧规则长处的基础上来进行的而不是完全推翻旧规则肆意妄为。事实证明在语言艺术上凡无视积淀千年的诗歌语言规则随心所欲地巧立名目、乱行胡来者永不可能在诗歌语言艺术上取得大的成就所以歌德认为 +若徒有放任习性 +则永难至境遨游。5 +诗歌语言艺术如此需要规则如此不可放任不羁诗歌的翻译自然也同样需要相类似的要求。这个要求就是笔者前面提出的主张若原诗是精妙的语言艺术则理论上说来译诗也应是同类精妙的语言艺术。 +但是“同类”绝非“同样”。因为由于原作和译作使用的语言载体不一样其各自产生的语言艺术规则和效果也就各有各的特点大多不可同样复制、照搬。所以译作的最高目标是尽可能在译入语的语言艺术领域达到程度大致相近的语言艺术效果。这种大致相近的艺术效果程度可叫作“最佳近似度”。它实际上也就是一种翻译标准只不过针对不同的文类最佳近似度究竟在哪些因素方面可最佳程度地并不一定是最大程度地取得近似效果不是一成不变的而是具有高度的灵活性。不同的文类甚至针对不同的受众我们都可以设定不同的最佳近似度。这点在拙著《中西诗比较鉴赏与翻译理论》清华大学出版社2010年的相关章节中有详细的厘定此不赘。 +话与诗的关系话不是诗 +古人的口语本来就是白话与现在的人说的口语是白话一个道理。 +正因为白话太俗不够文雅古人慢慢将白话进行改进使它更加规范、更加准确并且用语更加丰富多彩于是文言产生。在文言的基础上还有更文的文字现象那就是诗歌于是诗歌产生。所以就诗歌而言文言味实际上就是一种特殊的诗味。文言有浅近的文言也有佶屈聱牙的文言。中国传统诗歌绝大多数是浅近的文言但绝非口语、白话。诗中有话的因素自不待言但话的因素往往正是诗试图抑制的成分。 +文言和诗歌的产生是低俗的口语进化到高雅、准确层次的标志。文言和诗歌的进一步发展使得语言的艺术性愈益增强。最终文言和诗歌完成了艺术性语言的结晶化定型。这标志着古代文学和文学语言的伟大进步。《诗经》、楚辞、唐诗、宋词、元明戏曲以及从先秦、汉、唐、宋、元至明清的散文等都是中国语言艺术逐步登峰造极的明证。 +人们往往忘记话不是诗诗是话的升华。话据说至少有几十万年的历史而诗却只有几千年的历史。白话通过漫长的岁月才升华成了诗。因此从理论上说白话诗不是最好的诗而只是低层次的、初级的诗。当一行文字写得不像是话时它也许更像诗。“太阳落下山去了”是话硬说它是诗也只是平庸的诗人人可为。而同样含义的“白日依山尽”不像是话却是真正的诗非一般人可为只有诗人才写得出。它的语言表达方式与一般人的通用白话脱离开来了实现了与通用语的偏离deviation from the norm。这里的通用语指人们天天使用的白话。试想把唐诗宋词译成白话还有多少诗味剩下来 +谢谢古代先辈们一代又一代、不屈不挠的努力话终于进化成了诗。 +但是20世纪初一些激进的中国学者鼓荡起一场声势浩大的白话文运动。 +客观说来用白话文来书写、阅读自然科学和人文科学文献例如哲学、政治学、伦理学、经济学等等文献这都是伟大的进步。这个进步甚至可以上溯到八百多年前朱熹等大学者用白话体文章传输理学思想。对此笔者非常拥护非常赞成。 +但是约一百年前的白话诗运动却未免走向了极端事实上是一种语言艺术方面的倒退行为。已经高度进化的诗词曲形式被强行要求返祖回归到三千多年前的类似白话的状态已经高度语言艺术化了的诗被强行要求退化成话。艺术性相对较低的白话反倒成了正统艺术性较高的诗反倒成了异端。其实容许口语类白话诗和文言类诗并存这才是正确的选择。但一些激进学者故意拔高白话地位在诗歌创作领域搞成白话至上主义这就走上了极端主义道路。 +这个运动影响到诗歌翻译的结果是什么呢结果是西方所有的大诗人不论是古代的还是近代的如荷马Homer、但丁Dante、莎士比亚、歌德、雨果Victor Hugo、普希金Alexander Pushkin……都莫名其妙地似乎用同一支笔写出了20世纪初才出现的味道几乎相同的白话文汉诗 +将产生这种极端性结果的原因再回推我们会清楚地明白当年的某些学者把文学艺术简单雷同于人文社会科学误解了文学艺术尤其是诗歌艺术的特殊性质误以为诗就是话混淆了诗与话的形式因素。 +针对莎士比亚戏剧诗的翻译对策 +由上可知莎士比亚的剧文既然大多是格律诗无论有韵无韵它们都是诗都有格律性。因此在汉译中我们就有必要显示出它具有格律性而这种格律性就是诗性。 +问题在于格律性是附着在语言形式上的语言改变了附着其上的格律性也就大多会消失。换句话说格律大多不可复制或模仿这就正如用钢琴弹不出二胡的效果用古筝奏不出黑管的效果一样。但是原作的内在旋律是可以模仿的只是音色变了。原作的诗性是可以换个形式营造的这就是利用汉语本身的语言特点营造出大略类似的语言艺术审美效果。 +由于换了另外一种语言媒介原作的语音美设计大多已经不能照搬、复制甚至模拟了那么我们就只好断然舍弃掉原作的许多语音美设计而代之以译入语自身的语言艺术结构产生的语音美艺术设计。当然原作的某些语音美设计还是可以尝试模拟保留的但在通常的情况下大多数的语音美已经不可能传输或复制了。 +利用汉语本身的语音审美特点来营造莎士比亚诗歌的汉译语音审美效果是莎士比亚作品翻译的一个有效途径。机械照搬原作的语音审美模式多半会失败并且在大多数的场合下也没有必要。 +具体说来这就涉及翻译莎士比亚戏剧作品时该如何处理1节奏2韵律3措辞。笔者主张在这三个方面我们都可以适当借鉴利用中国古代词曲体的某些因素。戏剧剧文中的诗行一般都不宜多用单调的律诗和绝句体式。元明戏剧为什么没有采用前此盛行的五言或七言诗行而采用了长短错杂、众体皆备的词曲体这是一种艺术形式发展的必然。元明曲体由于要更好更灵活地满足抒情、叙事、论理等诸多需要故借用发展了词的形式但不是纯粹的词而是融入了民间语汇。词这种形式涵盖了一言、二言、三言、四言、五言、六言、七言、八言……乃至十多言的长短句式因此利于表达变化莫测的情、事、理。从这个意义上看莎士比亚剧文语言单位的参差不齐状态与中文词曲体句式的参差不齐状态正好有某种相互呼应的效果。 +也许有人说莎士比亚的剧文虽然是格律诗但并不怎么押韵因此汉诗翻译也就不必押韵。这个说法也有一定道理但是道理并不充实。 +首先我们应该明白既然莎士比亚的剧文是诗体人们读到现今的散体译文或不押韵的分行译文却难以感受到其应有的诗歌风味原因即在于其音乐性太弱。如果人们能够照搬莎士比亚素体诗所惯常用的音步效果及由此引起的措辞特点当然更好。但事实上原作的节奏效果是印欧语系语言本身的效果换了一种语言其效果就大多不能搬用了所以我们只好利用汉语本身的优势来创造新的音乐美。这种音乐美很难说是原作的音乐美但是它毕竟能够满足一点即诗体剧文应该具有诗歌应有的音乐美这个起码要求。而汉译的押韵可以强化这种音乐美。 +其次莎士比亚的剧文不押韵是由诸多因素造成的。第一属于印欧语系语言的英语在押韵方面存在先天的多音节不规则形式缺陷导致押韵词汇范围相对较窄。所以对于英国诗人来说很苦于押韵难工莎士比亚的许多押韵体诗例如十四行诗在押韵方面都不很工整。其次莎士比亚的剧文虽不押韵却在节奏方面十分考究这就弥补了音韵方面的不足。第三莎士比亚的剧文几乎绝大多数是诗行对于剧作者来说每部长达两三千行的诗行行都要押韵这是一个极大的挑战很难完成。而一旦改用素体剧作者便会轻松得多。但是以上几点对于汉语译本则不是一个问题。汉语的词汇及语音构成方式决定了它天生就是一种有利于押韵的艺术性语言。汉语存在大量同韵字押韵是一件很容易的事情。汉语的语音音调变化也比莎士比亚使用的英语的音调变化空间大一倍以上。汉语音调至少有四种加上轻重变化可达六至八种而英语的音调主要局限于轻重语调两种所以存在于印欧语系文字诗歌中的频频押韵有时会产生的单调感在汉语中会在很大程度上由于语调的多变而得到缓解。故汉语戏剧剧文在押韵方面有很大的潜在优势空间实际上元明戏剧剧文频频押韵就是证明。 +第三莎士比亚的剧文虽然很多不押韵但却具极强的节奏感。他惯用的格律多半是抑扬格五音步iambic pentameter诗行。如果我们在节奏方面难以传达原作的音美或者可以通过韵律的音美来弥补节奏美的丧失这种翻译对策谓之堤内损失堤外补亦谓失之东隅收之桑榆。我们的语言在某方面有缺陷可以通过另一方面的优点来弥补。当然笔者主张在一定程度上借鉴利用传统词曲的风味却并不主张使用宋词、元曲式的严谨格律而只是追求一种过分散文化和过分格律化之间的妥协状态。有韵但是不严格要适当注意平仄但不过多追求平仄效果及诗行的整齐与否不必有太固定的建行形式只是根据诗歌本身的内容和情绪赋予适当的节奏与韵式。在措辞上则保持与白话有一段距离但是绝非佶屈聱牙的文言而是趋近典雅、但普通读者也能读懂的语言。 +最后根据翻译标准多元互补论原理由于莎士比亚作品在内容、形式及审美效应方面具有多样性因此只用一种类乎纯诗体译法来翻译所有的莎士比亚剧文也是不完美的因为单一的做法也许无形中堵塞了其他有益的审美趣味通道。因此这套译本的译风虽然整体上强调诗化、诗味但是在营造诗味的途径和程度上不是单一的。我们允许诗体译风的灵活性和创新性。多译者译法实际上也是在探索诗体译法的诸多可能性这为我们将来进一步改进这套译本铺垫了一条较宽的道路。因此译文从严格押韵、半押韵到不押韵的各个程度译本都有涉猎。但是无论是否押韵其节奏和措辞应该总是富于诗意这个要求则是统一的。这是我们对皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本的语言和风格要求。不能说我们能完全达到这个目标但我们是往这个方向努力的。正是这样的努力使这套译本与前此译本有很大的差异在一定的意义上来说标志着中国莎士比亚著作翻译的一次大转折。 +翻译突破还原莎士比亚作品禁忌区域 +另有一个课题是中国学者从前讨论得比较少的禁忌领域即莎士比亚著作中的性描写现象。 +许多西方学者认为莎士比亚酷爱色情字眼他的著作渗透着性描写、性暗示。只要有机会他就总会在字里行间用上与性相联系的双关语。西方人很早就搜罗莎士比亚著作的此类用语编纂了莎士比亚淫秽用语词典。这类词典还不止一种。1995年我又看到弗朗基·鲁宾斯坦Frankie Rubinstein等编纂了《莎士比亚性双关语释义词典》A Dictionary of Shakespeare's Sexual Puns and Their Significance厚达372页。 +赤裸裸的性描写或过多的淫秽用语在传统中国文学作品中是受到非议的尽管有《金瓶梅》这样被判为淫秽作品的文学现象但是中国传统的主流舆论还是抑制这类作品的。莎士比亚的作品固然不是通常意义上的淫秽作品但是它的大量实际用语确实有很强的色情味。这个极鲜明的特点恰恰被前此的所有汉译本故意掩盖或在无意中抹杀掉。莎士比亚的所有汉译者尤其是像朱生豪先生这样的译者显然不愿意中国读者看到莎士比亚的文笔有非常泼辣的大量使用性相关脏话的特点。这个特点多半都被巧妙地漏译或改译。于是出现一种怪现象莎士比亚著作中有些大段的篇章变成汉语后尽管读起来是通顺的读者对这些话语却往往感到莫名其妙。以《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第一幕第一场前面的30行台词为例这是凯普莱特家两个仆人山普孙与葛莱古里之间的淫秽对话。但是读者阅读过去的汉译本时很难看到他们是在说淫秽的脏话甚至会认为这些对话只是仆人之间的胡话没有什么意义。 +不过前此的译本对这类用语和描写的态度也并不完全一样而是依据年代距离在逐步改变。朱生豪先生的译本对这些东西删除改动得最多梁实秋先生已经有所保留但还是有节制。方平先生等的译本保留得更多一些但仍然持有相当的保留态度。此外从英语的不同版本看有的版本注释得明白有的版本故意模糊有的版本注释者自己也没有弄懂这些双关语那就更别说中国译者了。 +在这一点上我们目前使用的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》是做得最好的。 +那么我们该怎样来翻译莎士比亚的这种用语呢是迫于传统中国道德取向的习惯巧妙地回避还是尽可能忠实地传达莎士比亚的本真用意我们认为前此的译本依据各自所处时代的中国人道德价值的接受状态采用了相应的翻译对策出现了某种程度的曲译这是可以理解的是特定历史条件下的产物。但是历史在前进中国人的道德观已经有了很大的改变尤其是在性禁忌领域。说实话无论我们怎样真实地还原莎士比亚著作中的性双关描写比起当代文学作品中有时无所忌讳的淫秽描写来莎士比亚还真是有小巫见大巫的感觉。换句话说目前中国人在这方面的外来道德价值接受状态已经完全可以接受莎士比亚著作中的性双关用语了。因此我们的做法是尽可能真实还原莎士比亚性相关用语的现象。在通常的情况下如果直译不能实现这种现象的传输我们就采用注释。可以说在这方面目前这个版本是所有莎士比亚汉译本中做得最超前的。 +译法示例 +莎士比亚作品的文字具有多种风格早期的、中期的和晚期的语言风格有明显区别悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、十四行诗的语言风格也有区别。甚至同样是悲剧或喜剧莎士比亚的语言风格往往也会很不相同。比如同样是属于悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》剧文中就常常有押韵的段落而大悲剧《李尔王》却很少押韵同样是喜剧《威尼斯商人》是格律素体诗而《温莎的风流娘儿们》却大多是散文体。 +与此现象相应我们的翻译当然也就有多种风格。虽然不完全一一对应但我们有意避免将莎士比亚著作翻译成千篇一律的一种文体。从这个意义上说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》汉译本在某些方面采用了全新的译法。这种全新译法不是孤立的一种译法而是力求展示多种翻译风格、多种审美尝试。多样化为我们将来精益求精提供了相对更多的选择。如果现在固定为一种单一的风格那么将来要想有新的突破就困难了。概括说来我们的多种翻译风格主要包括1有韵体诗词曲风味译法2有韵体现代文白融合译法3无韵体白话诗译法。下面依次选出若干相应风格的译例供读者和有关方面品鉴。 +一、有韵体诗词曲风味译法 +有韵体诗词曲风味译法注意使用一些传统诗词曲中诗味比较浓郁的词汇同时注意遣词不偏僻节奏比较明快音韵也比较和谐。但是它们并不是严格意义上的传统诗词曲只是带点诗词曲的风味而已。例如 +女巫甲　何时我等再相逢 +闪电雷鸣急雨中 +女巫乙　待到硝烟烽火静 +沙场成败见雌雄。 +女巫丙　残阳犹挂在西空。《麦克白》第一幕第一场 +小丑甲　当时年少爱风流 +有滋有味有甜头 +行乐哪管韶华逝 +天下柔情最销愁。《哈姆莱特》第五幕第一场 +朱丽叶　天未曙罗郎何苦别意匆忙 +鸟音啼声声亮惊骇罗郎心房。 +休听作破晓云雀歌只是夜莺唱 +石榴树间夜夜有它设歌场。 +信我罗郎端的只是夜莺轻唱。 +罗密欧　不是云雀报晓不是莺歌 +看东方无情朝阳暗洒霞光 +流云万朵镶嵌银带飘如浪。 +星斗如烛恰似残灯剩微芒 +欢乐白昼悄然驻步雾嶂群岗。 +奈何我去也则生留也必亡。 +朱丽叶　听我言天际微芒非破晓霞光 +只是金乌吐射流星当空亮 +似明炬今夜为郎朗照边邦 +何愁它曼托瓦路漫远悠长。 +且稍待正无须行色皇皇仓仓。 +罗密欧　纵身陷人手蒙斧钺加诛于刑场 +只要这勾留遂你愿我欣然承当。 +让我说那天际灰朦非黎明醒眼 +乃月神眉宇幽幽映现淡淡辉光 +那歌鸣亦非云雀之讴哪怕它 +嚣然振动于头上空冥嘹亮高亢。 +我巴不得栖身此地永不他往。 +来吧死亡倘朱丽叶愿遂此望。 +如何心肝畅谈吧趁夜色迷茫。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第三幕第五场 +二、有韵体现代文白融合译法 +有韵体现代文白融合译法的特点是基本押韵措辞上白话与文言尽量能够水乳交融充分利用诗歌的现代节奏感俾便能够念起来朗朗上口。例如 +哈姆莱特　死还是生这才是问题根本 +莫道是苦海无涯但操戈奋进 +终赢得一片清平或默对逆运 +忍受它箭石交攻敢问 +两番选择何为上乘 +死灭睡也倘借得长眠 +可治心伤愈千万肉身苦痛痕 +则岂非美境人所追寻死睡也 +睡中或有梦魇生唉症结在此 +倘能撒手这碌碌凡尘长入死梦 +又谁知梦境何形念及此忧 +不由人踌躇难定这满腹疑情 +竟使人苟延年命忍对苦难平生。 +假如借短刀一柄即可解脱身心 +谁甘愿受人世的鞭挞与讥评 +强权者的威压傲慢者的骄横 +失恋的痛楚法律的耽延 +官吏的暴虐甚或默受小人 +对贤德者肆意拳脚加身 +谁又愿肩负这如许重担 +流汗、呻吟疲于奔命 +倘非对死后的处境心存疑云 +惧那未经发现的国土从古至今 +无孤旅归来意志的迷惘 +使我辈宁愿忍受现世的忧闷 +而不敢飞身投向未知的苦境 +前瞻后顾使我们全成懦夫 +于是本色天然的决断决行 +罩上了一层思想的惨淡余阴 +只可惜诸多待举的宏图大业 +竟因此如逝水忽然转向而行 +失掉行动的名分。《哈姆莱特》第三幕第一场 +麦克白　若做了便是了则快了便是好。 +若暗下毒手却能横超果报 +割人首级却赢得绝世功高 +则一击得手便大功告成 +千了百了那么此际此宵 +身处时间之海的沙滩、岸畔 +何管它来世风险逍遥。但这种事 +现世永远有裁判的公道 +教人杀戮之策者必受杀戮之报 +给别人下毒者自有公平正义之手 +让下毒者自食盘中毒肴。《麦克白》第一幕第七场 +损神耗精愧煞了浪子风流 +都只为纵欲眠花卧柳 +阴谋好杀赌假咒坏事做到头 +心毒手狠野蛮粗暴背信弃义不知羞。 +才尝得云雨乐转眼意趣休。 +舍命追求一到手没来由 +便厌腻个透。呀恰恰像是钓钩 +但吞香饵管教你六神无主不自由。 +求时疯狂得时也疯狂 +曾有现有还想有要玩总玩不够。 +适才是甜头转瞬成苦头。 +求欢同枕前梦破云雨后。 +唉普天下谁不知这般儿歹症候 +却避不得便往这通阴曹的天堂路儿上走十四行诗第一百二十九首 +三、无韵体白话诗译法 +无韵体白话诗译法的特点是虽然不押韵但是译文有很明显的和谐节奏措辞畅达有诗味明显不是普通的口语。例如 +贡妮芮　父亲我爱您非语言所能表达 +胜过自己的眼睛、天地、自由 +超乎世上的财富或珍宝犹如 +德貌双全、康强、荣誉的生命。 +子女献爱父亲见爱至多如此 +这种爱使言语贫乏谈吐空虚 +超过这一切的比拟——我爱您。《李尔王》第一幕第一场 +李尔　国王要跟康沃尔说话慈爱的父亲 +要跟他女儿说话命令、等候他们服侍。 +这话通禀他们了吗我的气血都飙起来了 +火爆火爆公爵去告诉那烈性公爵—— +不还是别急也许他是真不舒服。 +人病了常会疏忽健康时应尽的 +责任。身子受折磨 +逼着头脑跟它受苦 +人就不由自主了。我要忍耐 +不再顺着我过度的轻率任性 +把难受病人偶然的发作错认是 +健康人的行为。我的王权废掉算了 +为什么要他坐在这里这种行为 +使我相信公爵夫妇不来见我 +是伎俩。把我的仆人放出来。 +去跟公爵夫妇讲我要跟他们说话 +现在就要。叫他们出来听我说 +不然我要在他们房门前打起鼓来 +不让他们好睡。《李尔王》第二幕第二场 +奥瑟罗　诸位德高望重的大人 +我崇敬无比的主子 +我带走了这位元老的女儿 +这是真的真的我和她结了婚说到底 +这就是我最大的罪状再也没有什么罪名 +可以加到我头上了。我虽然 +说话粗鲁不会花言巧语 +但是七年来我用尽了双臂之力 +直到九个月前我一直 +都在战场上拼死拼活 +所以对于这个世界我只知道 +冲锋向前不敢退缩落后 +也不会用漂亮的字眼来掩饰 +不漂亮的行为。不过如果诸位愿意耐心听听 +我也可以把我没有化装掩盖的全部过程 +一五一十地摆到诸位面前接受批判 +我绝没有用过什么迷魂汤药、魔法妖术 +还有什么歪门邪道——反正我得到他的女儿 +全用不着这一套。《奥瑟罗》第一幕第三场 +注释 +1　见朱生豪大约在1936年夏致宋清如信“今天下午我试译了两页莎士比亚还算顺利不过恐怕终于不过是Poor Stuff而已。当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命。”《伉俪朱生豪宋清如诗文选》下卷中国青年出版社2013年第94页 +2　朱生豪“今天因为提起了精神却很兴奋晚上译了六千字今天一共译一万字。”同上第101页 +3　卞之琳《莎士比亚悲剧四种》方志出版社2007年第4页。 +4　In der Beschränkung zeigt sich erst der Meister, / Und das Gesetz nur kann uns Freiheit geben. 参见http://www.business-it.nl/files/7d413a5dca62fc735a072b16fbf050b1-27.php. +5　Vergebens werden ungebundene Geister / Nach der Vollendung reiner Höhe streben. 参见http://www.cosmiq.de/qa/show/3454062/Vergebens-werden-ungebundne-Geister-Nach-der-Vollendung-reiner-Hoehe-streben-Was-ist-dieBedeutung-dieser-2-Verse-Ich-komm-nicht-drauf/t. +《暴风雨》导言 +《暴风雨》几乎可以肯定是莎士比亚独立完成的最后一出戏。我们不知道他是否预期如此。这出戏也是印在第一对开本的第一个剧本。我们也不知道它得到如此尊贵的地位是因为对开本的编辑把它当作展示品——大师艺术的总和之作——还是为了更为平凡的理由他们手头有抄写员拉尔夫·克兰Ralph Crane的干净文本排版者要着手排版莎士比亚近乎百万字的浩大工程从这本起可以有个比较容易的开始。无论它的位置来自无心抑或刻意的安排自19世纪初期以来《暴风雨》成于莎士比亚写作生涯之终、又置于作品集之首的事实大大影响了后世对这出戏的反应。它已经被视为诠释莎士比亚的试金石。 +本剧内容集中于支配与统治的问题。在开场的暴风雨中正常的社会秩序大乱水手长命令廷臣因为知道咆哮的海浪根本不在乎“什么国王”。之后第一幕第二场中详细展开的背景故事揭露了不尊重公爵名号的阴谋家我们得知普洛斯彼罗失去了米兰的权力但补偿式地得以控制岛上的爱丽儿和凯列班。腓迪南和米兰达的同心结则指向米兰与那不勒斯未来的统治。还有更进一步的政治算计西巴斯辛与安东尼奥计划谋杀阿隆佐国王和忠厚大臣贡柴罗低贱出身的角色想要推翻普洛斯彼罗让酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺当岛上的国王。普洛斯彼罗在爱丽儿和岛上其他精灵协助下演出了一幕幕精彩的戏——使谋反者动弹不得鸟身女妖与消失的盛筵众女神及农民的假面剧那对小情人对弈的情景——这些都有助于报复过去的罪愆恢复当前的秩序并预备和谐的来日。工作完毕之后爱丽儿获得释放心痛啊1而普洛斯彼罗也在精神上做好了死亡的准备。甚至凯列班都要“寻求恩典”。 +然而莎士比亚从来都不爱简单。普洛斯彼罗以戏法变出暴风雨把宫廷的达官贵人带到这座岛主要是为了强迫他那篡位的弟弟安东尼奥悔罪。可是到了两人面对面的高潮时刻对普洛斯彼罗的饶恕与要求安东尼奥却连一个字都没有回应。他完全没有以阿隆佐在前面几行的表现为榜样而仿效之。至于安东尼奥的共犯西巴斯辛竟然还胆敢说普洛斯彼罗魔法般的先见之明是仗着邪魔之力。普洛斯彼罗能力再大也无法预料或掌控人性。如果原本没有良心以后也无法创造出良心。 +塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge2把普洛斯彼罗描述为“简直就是风暴中的莎士比亚本人”。换句话说戏中主角在开场中变出暴风雨正如剧作家变出这部戏的整个世界。普洛斯彼罗的法术驾驭了自然力量好引领其他意大利角色加入他的放逐世界同样地莎士比亚的艺术先把舞台变成一艘大海中的船然后又变成“无人的荒岛”。“法术”乃是这出戏的关键词眼。凯列班是普洛斯彼罗的“他者”因为他代表自然状态。在达尔文主义盛行的19世纪他被重塑为人类与我们动物祖先之间过渡时期“缺失的那一环”。 +普洛斯彼罗的背景故事道出了从训练统治者的“人文素养”到比较危险的魔幻“法术”的变化过程。在莎士比亚时代魔法的思维普遍存在。人人从小都相信自然界之外另有一个世界就是灵魂与妖怪的世界。“自然”与“妖魔”乃是研究及操弄超自然现象的两大支派。魔法magic即是对隐秘事物的认知和制造奇迹的法术。某些人认为这是自然哲学的最高形式这个词源于magia在古波斯语里意思是“智慧”众人称之为“神秘哲学”。它假设有不同层级的力量从不具形体的“智性的”天使魂灵到天上恒星和行星的世界再到地球事物及其形体的变化。魔法师上达高阶力量的知识以人为方式将这些能力带下来制造出奇妙的效果。科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕Cornelius Agrippa3是《论神秘哲学》De occulta philosophia一书的作者主张必须有“仪式魔法”才能达到超越星球的天使智慧。这是最高也最危险的活动层次因为——诚如同克里斯托弗·马洛Christopher Marlowe4笔下的浮士德博士Dr. Faustus的发现——太容易变出魔鬼而不是天使。比较普通的“自然魔法”需要“媒合”天地与星体和物质世界元素之间的奇幻链接同工。历久不衰的星象影响观念乃是这种思维模式的残留。对文艺复兴时代的智者例如在米兰从业的吉罗拉莫·卡尔达诺Girolamo Cardano5而言医学、自然哲学、数学、星象学以及解梦都是紧密相连的。 +然而自然魔法始终无法躲开它的妖魔阴影。有一个像阿格里帕或卡尔达诺这样博学的智者就有一千个乡下“智婆”从事民俗医疗和算命。后者在前现代时期常常被妖魔化为女巫要为歉收、牲畜疾病及其他病痛负责。普洛斯彼罗强调他自己的白色魔法有别于凯列班母亲西考拉克斯的黑色魔法不过在这出戏里两者十分相似。他之所以从米兰被放逐到岛上是因为专注于自己的秘密研究从而给予了安东尼奥篡夺大公国的可乘之机而西考拉克斯之所以从阿尔及尔放逐到岛上是因为被控施行巫术他带着他的幼女来而西考拉克斯来的时候肚里怀着据说是跟魔鬼搞出来的孩子。两者都能指挥海潮操控以爱丽儿为代表的精灵世界。普洛斯彼罗要放弃他的魔法时用来描述法力的词语是借自另一个女巫——奥维德Ovid的古代神话故事巨著《变形记》Metamorphoses里的美狄亚Medea。在某个层次上普洛斯彼罗表达了他跟西考拉克斯之间的亲缘关系他说凯列班“这个妖怪嘛我/承认是我的”。此处主语和动词在行尾分开表明承认之前稍有犹豫这是莎士比亚后期灵活运用抑扬格五音步手法的极端例子。 +莎士比亚喜爱制造对立再把他的黑与白淡化成复杂道德里的灰色区块。在米兰普洛斯彼罗对人文素养的内观研究使他失去权位并促成暴政。在岛上他企图以他所学来弥补过失利用正向的魔法带来悔罪、收复大公国并且打造一个王朝的婚姻。然而在第五幕开始时他醒悟到真正的人性不在于运用智慧统治而在于实践更为严谨的基督徒式的德行。对16世纪的人文主义者来说君王的德行教育就是为了政治目的而修养智慧、宽宏、节制、正直。对普洛斯彼罗而言最终真正重要的是仁慈。而这是师父从徒弟那里学到的正是爱丽儿教了普洛斯彼罗“情感”的道理而不是相反。 +爱丽儿代表火与空气、和谐与音乐、耿耿忠心。凯列班属土关乎纷争、醉酒和反叛。爱丽儿的表达工具是雅致的诗凯列班的则大多是粗鲁乃至猥亵的散文一如弄臣特林鸠罗和醉汉司膳官斯丹法诺。然而令人讶异的是剧中最美丽的诗句乃是凯列班听到爱丽儿的音乐时所说的。即便是用散文凯列班亦与自然环境有一种美妙的协调他知道岛上每一个角落、每一种生物。普洛斯彼罗说他是“魔鬼天生的魔鬼对他的本性/教化根本是白搭”然而就在下一句台词里凯列班上场时说“拜托脚步轻些免得这只瞎眼的鼹鼠听到脚步声”如此富有想象力的语言立即否定了普洛斯彼罗的断言。 +凯列班据称曾要性侵米兰达可见普洛斯彼罗想驯服这个“怪物仆”、教育他具有人性的意图是失败的。然而这失败是谁的责任问题会不会出在普洛斯彼罗想要灌输到凯列班记忆里的内容上而非后者的天性一开始凯列班欢迎普洛斯彼罗到岛上来主动与他分享岛上水果——正如蒙田Montaigne散文《论食人部族》“Of the Cannibals”里所写的“高贵的野蛮人”那样那篇文章是莎士比亚剧中引用的另一来源贡柴罗治理本岛的乌托邦式“黄金时代”理想便是采自蒙田作品的英译本。凯列班只不过表现出普洛斯彼罗印刻在他身上的那种低贱而已使凯列班“污秽”的可能是普洛斯彼罗说他是“秽物”的教导。 +凯列班了解书的重要性正如现代政变领导者首先要占据电视台他强调反叛普洛斯彼罗必须从夺取他的书籍开始。然而斯丹法诺另有其书。他对凯列班说“这东西能叫您说话”—他复制普洛斯彼罗通过语言取得控制的手法不过是以另一种模式。文本的灌输被美酒的熏陶取代所亲吻的书乃是酒瓶。如此一来莎士比亚的场景对位技法营造出对话精神质疑了普洛斯彼罗的书籍使用。若说斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗以酒精达成普洛斯彼罗以教导所达成的目的两者都说服凯列班服役并分享岛上的果实这岂不是显出教导有可能只是社会控制的工具而已普洛斯彼罗时常似对他以教学建立的权力结构较感兴趣胜过他教导的实质内容。很难看出逼腓迪南搬运木柴是为了教诲德行目的其实是要他臣服。 +来到一个没有欧洲人居住的岛屿谈论“殖民地”与一个“野人”相遇并用酒精交换生存技能在语言学习过程中确立谁是主、谁是奴担心奴仆会使主人的女儿受孕欲使野蛮人寻求基督教的“恩典”但又提议把他运到英格兰展示获利提到百慕大危险的气候以及一个“华丽新世界”在所有这些方面《暴风雨》都唤起了欧洲的殖民主义精神。莎士比亚与弗吉尼亚公司的成员有联系。该公司奉王室之命成立于1606年为次年在美洲建立詹姆斯敦殖民地起了重要作用。1610年秋有一封信寄达英格兰描述派往增援殖民地的舰队在加勒比海被暴风雨吹散搭载新总督的那艘船被吹到百慕大船员和乘客都在那里过冬。虽然那封信当时没有出版手稿却流传开来至少引发两本小册子讨论这些事件。学者们为莎士比亚究竟直接引用了其中多少材料而争论不休但暴风雨及岛屿的某些细节好像是从中取材。毋庸置疑的是总督及其团队看似奇迹般幸存同时他们在巴哈马群岛发现的富饶环境乃是本剧写作之时的公众流行话题。 +大英帝国、奴隶贩卖、东西海路运送香料带来的财富——这些是后来的事。莎士比亚的戏设定在地中海不在加勒比海。凯列班严格说来不能算是岛上的原住民。然而这出戏直觉地感知殖民时期占有与驱离的动能剧力万钧不可思议所以1950年奥克塔夫·曼诺尼Octave Mannoni6写的《殖民地化进程中的心理学》The Psychology of Colonisation主张说殖民过程的运作要经由一对精神官能症交互作用于殖民者是“普洛斯彼罗情结”于被殖民者是“凯列班情结”。就是为了回应曼诺尼弗朗茨·法农Frantz Fanon7写了《黑皮肤白面具》Black Skin, White Masks从而在很大程度上塑造了“后殖民”时代的知识领域。对20世纪后期许多以英文写作的加勒比海作家来说《暴风雨》这出戏尤其是凯列班这个人物成为他们发现自己文学声音的焦点。这出戏与其说是对帝国历史的反思毋宁说是对这段历史的预知——毕竟普洛斯彼罗是被流放的人不是冒险家。 +国王剧团经常奉命在白厅御前献演自然知道从1608年岁暮起十几岁的伊丽莎白公主Princess Elizabeth就住在王宫里。她是有文化素养的少女喜欢音乐和舞蹈参与宫中节庆活动1610年在一出名叫《忒堤斯》Tethys8的假面剧里担任舞者。假面剧由皇亲、廷臣、职业演员混搭演出场面壮观音乐精致在那些年日是宫廷最时兴的表演。与莎士比亚亦友亦敌的本·琼森Ben Jonson9和设计师伊尼戈·琼斯Inigo Jones10合作为自己打出当代首席假面剧作家的名号。1608年他引进“反假面剧”或称“前假面剧”让丑怪人物即所谓“怪胎”在优雅、和谐的假面剧演出之前狂舞一番。莎士比亚也采纳了当时的流行风尚在《暴风雨》的戏中加入了订婚的假面剧以及凯列班、斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗三人闻马尿、偷窃晾衣绳上的衣服、遭群狗追逐的反假面闹剧。我们甚至觉得普洛斯彼罗这个人物可能就是对本·琼森温和的诙谐模拟他的戏剧想象受制于古典式对时间与场景统一性的要求一如琼森他也演出宫廷假面剧一如琼森。或许正因为如此几年之后琼森在他的《巴托罗缪市集》Bartholomew Fair里戏仿《暴风雨》作为回敬。 +普洛斯彼罗的基督教语言在收场白中持续最久然而他最后请求宽容的对象不是上帝而是观众。到了最后一刻取代人文主义学术的不是基督教信仰而是戏剧的信念。因此这出戏可以解读为莎士比亚为自己戏剧艺术的辩护——从浪漫主义时期以来常常就是如此理解。不过反讽的是这出戏本身对书籍乃至于对剧场的功能十分怀疑。魔法书沉入大海而假面剧及其演员也溶入空气之中就像“无根的幻景”或一场梦。 +参考资料 +剧情十二年前在那不勒斯国王阿隆佐及其弟西巴斯辛协助下米兰公爵普洛斯彼罗被他的弟弟安东尼奥篡了位。普洛斯彼罗及其幼女米兰达被流放大海到达远方小岛。他在那里靠着魔法统治精灵爱丽儿和野人凯列班。他利用法力呼风唤雨使他的敌人遭遇船难来到岛上。阿隆佐寻找儿子腓迪南担心他已经淹死。西巴斯辛密谋杀害阿隆佐夺取他的王位。酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺和弄臣特林鸠罗遇见凯列班听了他的劝说要杀害普洛斯彼罗好由他们来统治这座岛。腓迪南和米兰达相遇两人一见钟情。普洛斯彼罗要考验腓迪南命其做苦工腓迪南通过考验普洛斯彼罗为这对年轻情侣演了一出贺婚的假面剧。在普洛斯彼罗的计划接近高潮时他正面质问敌人并宽恕他们。普洛斯彼罗赐予爱丽儿自由准备离开岛屿返回米兰。 +主要角色列有台词行数百分比/台词段数/上场次数普洛斯彼罗30/115/5爱丽儿9/45/6凯列班8/50/5斯丹法诺7/60/4贡柴罗7/52/4西巴斯辛5/67/4安东尼奥6/57/4米兰达6/49/4腓迪南6/31/4阿隆佐5/40/4特林鸠罗4/39/4。 +语体风格诗体约占80散体约占20。 +创作年代1611年。1611年11月1日宫廷演出使用的部分素材于1610年秋季以前并未问世。 +取材来源主要剧情不知取自何处但暴风雨和岛屿的某些细节似乎来自威廉·斯特雷奇William Strachey所著《托马斯·盖茨爵士船难获救真实报导》A True Reportory of the Wreck and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight写于1610年收入1625年出版的《珀切斯游记》[Purchas his Pilgrims]或许还有西尔韦斯特·乔丹Sylvester Jourdain的《百慕大发现记》A Discovery of the Bermudas, 1610年以及弗吉尼亚公司发行的小册子《弗吉尼亚殖民地资产真实报告》A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colony in Virginia1610年有几处提到维吉尔Virgil11的《埃涅阿斯纪》Aeneid与奥维德的《变形记》特别是在第五幕第一场模仿阿瑟·戈尔丁Arthur Golding1567年翻译奥维德第七卷内美狄亚的咒文贡柴罗在第二幕第一场关于“黄金时代”的说辞基于约翰·弗洛里奥John Florio1603年所译蒙田《论食人部族》一文两者十分接近。 +文本1623年的第一对开本是唯一早期印刷本。所据为国王剧团所雇专业誊录员拉尔夫·克兰的抄写本。总体说来是高质量的印刷本。 +乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate +注释 +1　或因普洛斯彼罗舍不得爱丽儿。——译者附注 +2　柯尔律治1772—1834英国诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +3　阿格里帕1486—1535德国医生、神学家、神秘学家。——译者附注 +4　马洛1564—1593英国伊丽莎白时期剧作家、诗人。——译者附注 +5　卡尔达诺1501—1576意大利医生、数学家、占星术家。——译者附注 +6　曼诺尼1899—1989法国精神分析学家、作家。——译者附注 +7　法农1925—1961出生于法属加勒比海岛屿马提尼克岛精神分析学家、哲学家。——译者附注 +8　忒堤斯为古希腊神话中的女海神之名。——译者附注 +9　琼森1572—1637英国剧作家、诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +10　琼斯1573—1652英国画家、建筑师、设计师。——译者附注 +11　维吉尔前70—前19奥古斯都时代的古罗马诗人。——译者附注 +暴风雨 +普洛斯彼罗合法的米兰公爵 +米兰达普洛斯彼罗之女 +阿隆佐那不勒斯国王 +西巴斯辛阿隆佐之弟 +安东尼奥普洛斯彼罗之弟篡位的米兰公爵 +腓迪南那不勒斯国王之子 +贡柴罗忠诚的老枢密大臣 +阿德里安和弗兰西斯科两贵族 +特林鸠罗弄臣 +斯丹法诺酗酒的司膳官 +船长 +水手长 +众水手 +凯列班未驯化的畸形奴隶 +爱丽儿空气精灵 +场景无人的荒岛 +第一幕1 +第一场第一景 +海中一船 +雷电交加暴风雨声可闻。船长与水手长上 +船长　水手长 +水手长　在船长。有什么吩咐 +船长　好兄弟去跟水手们说动作要快不然咱会搁浅啦快赶快 +下 +众水手上 +水手长　嘿哥儿们加油加油哥儿们快点快点把中桅帆收一收。听船长的哨音。——尽管刮吧刮到你喘不过气也没关系只要船掉得过头来。 +对风暴 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、腓迪南、贡柴罗及其他人上 +阿隆佐　好水手长留意点儿。船长在哪儿拿出男子气概来。 +水手长　各位请待在下头。 +安东尼奥　船长在哪儿啊水手长 +水手长　您没听见他吗您碍着我们的事啦。待在舱里你们这是在帮助暴风雨。 +贡柴罗　别那么说好兄弟耐心点。 +水手长　先得等大海有耐心。走开这些个大吼大叫的会理你什么国王吗去舱里闭嘴别烦我们。 +贡柴罗　好兄弟可要记得你船上载的是谁。 +水手长　没一个是我爱得超过我自个儿的。您是个大臣要是您能命令这些风雨不作声现在就平静那咱们就一根绳索都不管。施展您的权威吧。要是您办不到就感谢您活了这把年纪回舱里预备随时有什么不测——万一真有的话。——加油兄弟们—— +对众水手 +别挡了我们我说。 +对众大臣 +[阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与腓迪南随水手长及众水手]下 +贡泽罗　这家伙让我非常安慰。我看他没有淹死的凶相他那张脸分明就该是被绞死的。2善良的命运之神哪千万要让他被绞死用他命中注定的绞绳作我们的定锚缆索吧因为我们自己的不管用了。他若不是注定该被绞死的我们的处境就悲惨啰。 +下 +水手长上 +水手长　放低中桅快再低再低尽量把船固定住。幕内一声呼喊混蛋叫成这样他们比这天气、比咱们发号施令还大声。 +西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与贡柴罗上 +又来啦你们来干吗的想叫我们放弃、淹死你们想要沉船哪 +西巴斯辛　我咒你喉咙长脓包你这个大吼大叫、亵渎神明、没有慈悲心肠的狗 +水手长　那你们来干。 +安东尼奥　绞死你狗东西绞死你婊子养的无耻大嗓门我们才没有你那么怕被淹死呢。 +贡柴罗　我敢担保他不会淹死就算这条船比个坚果的壳儿还小而且比流个不停的3女人漏得还凶。 +水手长　顶住风顶住风两张帆都升起来再出海升起来 +众水手浑身湿透上 +众水手　完蛋了快祷告祷告完蛋了 +水手长　什么我们都得淹死 +贡柴罗　王上和王子在祷告。咱们去助祷我们情况一样。 +西巴斯辛　我没耐性了。 +安东尼奥　我们根本是被酒鬼害了命。这个大嘴巴的无赖你淹死算了还让潮水冲刷十遍 +贡柴罗　他还是会被绞死的 +尽管每一滴海水都赌誓不会 +而且张着大口要吞他。 +水手长及众水手下 +幕内喧闹声 +[后台人声]　可怜我们吧——船裂了船裂了——别了我的妻儿——别了兄弟——船裂了船裂了船裂了 +安东尼奥　咱们跟王上一起沉了吧。 +西巴斯辛　咱们去向他道别。 +[安东尼奥与西巴斯辛]下 +贡柴罗　这时我情愿用千顷波涛去换一亩荒地长长的灌木、棕色的荆豆什么都行。愿上天的旨意成就但我情愿死在旱地。 +下 +第二场第二景 +本剧以下场景都在普洛斯彼罗的海岛的各处 +普洛斯彼罗4与米兰达5上 +米兰达　至爱的父亲您若是借了法术 +使这狂涛咆哮请平息它们。 +上天好像要倾倒恶臭的沥青 +亏得大海上升到苍穹的脸颊 +熄灭了天火6。看到他们受苦我 +一同受苦。美轮美奂的一艘船—— +上面想必载着高贵的人物—— +都撞成了碎片。啊那喊叫声打在 +我的心坎上。那些可怜人都完了。 +假如我是个有权能的神我会 +先把大海沉入地下不让它 +如此吞灭这艘美好的船还有 +船里的人。 +普洛斯彼罗　安心吧 +不必再害怕。告诉你怜悯的心肠 +并没有造成损伤。 +米兰达　啊可怜哪 +普洛斯彼罗　没事。 +我所做的没有不是为了你—— +为了你我亲爱的你我女儿——你 +不明白你的身份根本不知道 +我的来历也不知道我的高贵 +超过普洛斯彼罗一个破洞窟的主人 +不过尔尔的你的父亲。 +米兰达　我从来没有 +想过要知道得更详细。 +普洛斯彼罗　时候已到 +我该多告诉你一些。帮我 +脱下我这件魔法斗篷。这样 +放下魔法斗篷 +躺好了我的魔法。你擦擦眼睛放心。 +那船难的恐怖景象触动了 +你内心至情至性的哀矜 +但我在我法术之中早已预作 +安排不叫船上任何人—— +对甚至任何生物——有 +一根毛发受到损伤尽管你 +听到哀嚎看见船沉。坐下吧 +米兰达坐下 +因为现在你必须多了解一些。 +米兰达　您常常 +要跟我讲我的身份却欲言又止 +我想追问终是徒然因您 +最后总说“慢着时机未到。” +普洛斯彼罗　现在时机已到 +就在此刻你要张开耳朵 +听话要专心。你可记得 +我们来到这洞窟之前的时候 +我想你不能因为你那时还 +不满三岁。 +米兰达　我当然能够大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　记得什么呢有别的房屋或人吗 +告诉我有什么东西的形象 +还保存在你的记忆里。 +米兰达　很久远了 +我记得的比较像是一场梦 +不能保证准确无误。我不是 +曾经有四五个女人照顾吗 +普洛斯彼罗　你有还更多呢米兰达。可是这 +怎么还会留在你心中在时间黑暗的 +过去和深渊中你还看到什么 +你既然记得来此以前的事 +或许也记得你是怎么来的。 +米兰达　那我倒记不得了。 +普洛斯彼罗　十二年了米兰达十二年了 +你父亲原是米兰公爵一个 +大权在握的亲王。 +米兰达　大人您不是我父亲 +普洛斯彼罗　你母亲是美德的典范而 +她说你是我的女儿你父亲 +是米兰公爵他唯一的继承人 +公主也同样出身高贵。 +米兰达　啊天哪 +是什么卑鄙算计害我们流落至此 +还是说该算幸运呢 +普洛斯彼罗　都是都是孩子。 +就如你说的我们被卑鄙算计抛弃 +但幸运地获救于此。 +米兰达　啊我的心会淌血 +要是想到我给您添的麻烦 +但现在都不记得了。您请说下去。 +普洛斯彼罗　我弟弟就是你叔父叫安东尼奥的—— +我请你听好了——做兄弟的竟然 +会这样背信——世界上除了你以外 +他是我的最爱还托付他 +管理我邦的政务那时候啊 +所有城邦中要数米兰第一 +而普洛斯彼罗是至尊公爵享有如此 +殊荣说到人文素养7 +无人能比。我既一心一意钻研 +便把政务交给弟弟 +对我邦大事愈发生疏因为全神 +贯注于玄秘研究。你那虚伪的叔父—— +你在听吗 +米兰达　大人专注极了。 +普洛斯彼罗　一旦学会了怎样答应请托 +怎样拒绝该升迁哪个该把哪个 +野心大的压一压重新任命 +我原来的僚属或改派职务 +或新设职位等到掌控了 +官员与官位使全邦人心 +都听他发号施令他就成了 +那爬藤掩蔽了我王者的躯干 +还吸吮我的精髓。——你没在听。 +米兰达　啊好大人我有。 +普洛斯彼罗　我请你听好了。 +我这般荒废俗务完全 +独处专注于修炼我的智能 +单单这样退隐研究就远非 +凡夫俗子所能理解我那虚伪的弟弟 +更起了祸心于是我的信任 +像纯良的父亲竟然生出 +相反的虚假而且程度大得 +如同我的信任——那真是无限量、 +无止境的信赖。他如此这般 +不仅掌管了我赋税的收入 +还有我权力所能要求的一切。就像 +惯说谎言的人相信自己的真实 +使自己的记忆成为罪人 +好遮掩他的谎言他竟然 +相信自己真的是公爵篡夺爵位 +以公爵之尊执行职务 +享有一切特权。于是他的野心增长—— +你在听吗 +米兰达　大人您的故事可以治好聋子。 +普洛斯彼罗　为了使他扮演的和他所替代的中间 +没有阻隔他势必要成为独尊的 +米兰公爵。我呢——可怜人——我的藏书室 +就是够大的公国日常公爵的庶务 +他认为我已无能处理。他去勾结—— +因为渴求权力——那不勒斯国王 +向他缴纳年贡向他效忠 +以自己的小王冠8臣服于他的王冠 +使从未俯首的我邦——唉可怜的米兰—— +卑躬屈膝可耻已极。 +米兰达　啊天哪 +普洛斯彼罗　你听他的契约和结果再告诉我 +这算不算是兄弟9。 +米兰达　我若认为祖母不贞洁 +便是犯罪了 +好母亲也会生出坏儿子。 +普洛斯彼罗　现在说那契约。 +那不勒斯国王一向是我的 +死对头就同意我弟弟的要求 +也就是他接受了俯首称臣 +以及为数不知多少的进贡 +作为回报应立即把我和家人 +从米兰根除并把大好的米兰 +和它所有的荣衔赐给我弟弟。于是 +招募了一支叛军在注定的 +某一天午夜安东尼奥打开了 +米兰的城门在死寂的黑暗中 +办事的人把我和哭啼的你 +匆忙逐出去。 +米兰达　哀哉可怜哪 +我记不得当时怎么哭的 +要再哀哭一次这种场合 +会拧出我的眼泪。 +普洛斯彼罗　再听我多讲一点 +然后我就把你带回我们 +眼前这件事没有它我这故事 +就不着边际了。 +米兰达　为什么他们不在 +当时灭了我们 +普洛斯彼罗　问得好丫头。我的故事 +会引发这问题。宝贝他们不敢 +我的百姓十分爱我也没敢在 +这件事情上打上血腥的记号倒是 +用好看的颜色涂抹他们丑陋的目的。 +简单说他们赶我们上了一条船 +带我们出海约有几里格在那里备有 +一个朽坏的木桶没有任何配备 +没有工具、船帆没有桅杆就连老鼠 +都本能地离开了。你我被丢进去 +向着朝我们咆哮的大海哭泣向着 +海风哀叹海风怜悯地回报以哀叹 +虽是有情却害了我们10。 +米兰达　哎呀我那时 +是您多大的累赘啊 +普洛斯彼罗　啊你是我的 +保命小天使。我向大海滴下 +咸咸泪水因重担而呻吟 +这时上天赐给你的刚毅 +使你绽放微笑这就激起了我 +坚忍的勇气无惧于 +未来的遭遇。 +米兰达　我们怎么上岸的 +普洛斯彼罗坐下 +普洛斯彼罗　靠着上天恩典。 +我们有一些食物还有些淡水是 +一位那不勒斯贵族贡柴罗—— +他那时受命负责这个计划—— +出于慈悲给我们的另外还 +有华服、织物、杂项、必需品 +后来都派上用场。同样出于好意 +他知道我爱书从我的图书室 +给了我一些卷册这些是我 +珍爱超过我的公国的。 +米兰达　但愿我能 +见到那个人。 +普洛斯彼罗　现在我要起来了11 +普洛斯彼罗起身 +你还是坐好听我们海上伤心事的结尾。 +我们来到这个岛在这里 +我当你的教师使你比别的公主 +更有长进她们把更多闲暇 +用于无意义的事老师也没那么关心。 +米兰达　愿上天报答您。现在我求您大人 +因为这事还在我心里搅扰您为何 +要兴起这海上风暴 +普洛斯彼罗　这就要知道 +由于极为奇妙的意外宽宏的命运之神—— +如今是我亲爱的夫人12——已经把我的仇家 +带到岸边。而我通过预知的能力 +发现我的命盘最高点要依靠 +一颗最吉祥的星星它的影响力 +我现在若不追求反而忽视我的运势 +就会永远衰败。到此别再问了 +你想睡了。这睡意很好 +就顺着它吧。我知道你别无选择。—— +米兰达入睡 +过来仆人来。我已经预备好了。 +过来好爱丽儿来吧。 +爱丽儿上 +爱丽儿　大王万福尊贵的主万福我是来 +满足您一切心愿的。无论是飞翔 +是游泳是跳入火坑是腾上 +卷云只要是您权威的吩咐 +爱丽儿无不全力以赴13。 +普洛斯彼罗　精灵你可曾 +执行我的命令完整地演出暴风雨 +爱丽儿　每一项都做了。 +我上了国王的船一会儿在船头 +一会儿在船腰、甲板在每间船舱 +我化成吓人的火焰时而我自行分身 +四处放火在中桅、桅杆间的横木、 +船首斜桅上我分别燃烧 +然后并成一团。天神乔武14的闪电 +恐怖雷鸣的先行者也不及我 +迅速眼睛都跟不上。火焰和霹雳 +如地狱般呼号似乎要围攻力大 +无比的海神使他胆大的波涛战栗 +没错他恐怖的三叉戟发抖。 +普洛斯彼罗　我的好精灵 +有谁镇静、安稳连这场骚乱都 +无法搅扰他的理智 +爱丽儿　没有哪一个 +不感到激动疯狂做出 +绝望时的怪异举动。除了水手人人 +都跳入白沫飞溅的海里逃离那艘 +随着我起火的船王子腓迪南 +头发倒竖——像芦苇不像头发—— +是头一个跳海的大喊“地狱都空了 +所有魔鬼都在这里。” +普洛斯彼罗　啊我的好精灵 +但不是到了岸边了吗 +爱丽儿　很近了主人。 +普洛斯彼罗　可是爱丽儿他们可平安 +爱丽儿　毫发无损。 +他们浮水的衣服上没有任何污斑 +反而比先前更新。而且照你的吩咐 +我把他们一组组分散在岛上。 +国王的儿子我让他独自上岸 +留他在岛上一个僻静的角落 +叹着气吹凉了空气坐在那儿 +手臂像这样打着伤心的结。 +交叉双臂 +普洛斯彼罗　关于国王的大船、 +水手们说说你是如何处置的 +还有船队的其他人 +爱丽儿　安全停在港里 +国王的船。在那深深隐秘处有一回 +你要我到风暴不断的百慕大采露15 +半夜叫我起来去的地方船藏在那里。 +水手们全都安顿在甲板下 +我念了个咒加上他们遭受的劳累 +使他们睡着了。至于其他船只—— +被我打散的——又都聚拢 +如今在地中海上 +悲伤地驶回那不勒斯 +他们以为亲眼见到王船遇难 +国王驾崩。 +普洛斯彼罗　爱丽儿给你的任务 +完全做到了但还有别的工作。 +现在什么时候了 +爱丽儿　过了正午。 +普洛斯彼罗　至少两个沙漏钟16。从现在到六点 +这段时间我们必须珍惜使用。 +爱丽儿　还有别的苦工吗既然你要我工作 +容我提醒你你答应过我的事 +现在还没做到。 +普洛斯彼罗　怎么啦不开心 +你能有什么要求 +爱丽儿　我的自由。 +普洛斯彼罗　在时限未满之前别提了 +爱丽儿　我请你 +记得我对你服务良好 +不曾对你撒谎没做错事伺候你 +既无怨恨也无牢骚。你确实答应过 +减免我一整年劳役。 +普洛斯彼罗　你难道忘了 +我把你从多大的折磨中解救出来 +爱丽儿　没有。 +普洛斯彼罗　你忘了。以为很了不得 +能脚踩海底泥浆 +在锐利的北风中奔驰 +在霜冻的时候替我 +到地脉办事。 +爱丽儿　我没有大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你撒谎邪恶的东西你难道忘了 +那可恶的巫婆西考拉克斯她又老又坏 +身体驼成了一圈你难道忘了她吗 +爱丽儿　没有大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你忘了。她出生在哪里说告诉我。 +爱丽儿　大人在阿尔及尔。 +普洛斯彼罗　哦是这样啊我得要 +每个月重讲一遍你的过去—— +你都忘了。这个该死的巫婆西考拉克斯 +因为作恶多端搬弄巫术 +骇人听闻你知道的从 +阿尔及尔被赶出来。只因她做过的一件事 +他们没有要她的命。这不是真的吗 +爱丽儿　是的大人。 +普洛斯彼罗　这个蓝眼皮的巫婆怀着身孕被带来 +水手们把她留在这里。你我的奴才 +照你自己所说当时是她的仆人。 +而因为你是个太柔弱的精灵 +受不了她那粗蛮可恶的指挥 +拒绝了她的重大命令。 +她盛怒难消之下靠着 +比较有力的手下帮助把你 +关在一棵裂开的松树里 +你被囚禁在那树缝中痛苦了 +十二年。在那期间她死了 +留你在那里呻吟不已 +像水车叶片打到水面。当时这座岛—— +除了她在这里落下的崽子、 +巫婆所产长满斑点的小畜生——没有 +一个人类。 +爱丽儿　是的凯列班她的儿子。 +普洛斯彼罗　蠢货17我说。他那个凯列班 +我留下来使唤的家伙。你最清楚 +我见到你时你受的什么苦。你的呻吟 +叫狼子嚎哭穿透怒熊的 +胸膛。那种折磨是要用来 +对付下地狱者的连西考拉克斯 +也无法解除。是我的法术 +当我到来听见了你的痛呼打开了 +那松树放你出来。 +爱丽儿　谢谢你主人。 +普洛斯彼罗　你再嘟哝我就撕裂一棵栎树 +把你钉在它纠结的五脏里直到 +你哀嚎满十二个冬天。 +爱丽儿　请原谅主人。 +我会顺服命令 +乖乖做我精灵该做的。 +普洛斯彼罗　就这么办。两天之后 +我就放了你。 +爱丽儿　高贵的主人 +要我做什么请说要我做什么 +普洛斯彼罗　去把自己扮成海上仙女 +只有你我看得到别人的 +眼睛都不能见。去打扮好 +再回来这里。去认真办事去 +[爱丽儿]下 +醒醒心肝醒醒。你睡得很好。醒来。 +对米兰达 +米兰达　您那故事不可思议 +使我睡意浓浓。 +普洛斯彼罗　驱散它。跟我来。 +咱们去看我那奴才凯列班他从不 +好言好语回答我们。 +米兰达　这是个恶棍大人我不要看他。 +普洛斯彼罗　但情势如此 +我们少不了他。他替我们生火、 +担木柴做些对我们有利的 +差事。喂喝奴才凯列班 +你这泥块你说话啊 +凯列班　里面还有足够木柴。 +幕内 +普洛斯彼罗　出来我说还有别的事要你做。 +来你这乌龟什么时候 +爱丽儿扮成水中仙女上 +精美的幻影曼妙的爱丽儿 +耳朵凑过来。 +爱丽儿　主人一定照办。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　你这恶毒的奴才魔鬼在你 +邪恶老娘肚子里搞出来的东西快出来 +凯列班上 +凯列班　愿我娘用乌鸦羽毛从毒泥潭 +抹上来的最毒的露水滴在 +你们两个身上愿西南风18吹上你们 +叫你们浑身长水疱 +普洛斯彼罗　为此今夜保管要叫你抽筋 +侧边疼痛叫你不能呼吸刺猬19 +会通宵达旦都在你身上 +做日常工作——你会被刺戳得 +密密麻麻像蜂巢一般每一刺 +都比做蜂巢的蜜蜂所螫还痛。 +凯列班　我得吃饭才行。 +这座岛原是我娘西考拉克斯传给我的 +你夺了去。你刚来的时候 +用手抚摸我疼爱我给我里头 +放了莓果20的水喝还教我怎么 +称呼白天和夜晚发亮的 +大光跟小光。那时候我爱你 +带你看遍岛上的风貌 +淡水泉、咸水坑、荒地和沃土。 +我该死竟那样做愿西考拉克斯一切 +蛊物——蛤蟆、甲虫、蝙蝠——都降到你们身上 +因为我当初是我自己的王 +如今成了你唯一的臣民 +你把我圈在这硬石窟里 +和整个岛隔离。 +普洛斯彼罗　你这漫天撒谎的奴才 +鞭子可以感动你慈善没用尽管你是 +脏东西我还是以仁慈的关切待你让你 +住在我自己的洞里直到你企图强暴 +我的孩子。 +凯列班　喔呵喔呵那件事做成了可就好啦 +你不让我做否则我早在这岛上 +生满凯列班了。 +米兰达　可憎的奴才 +什么好的都不肯学 +一切坏的无所不为。我是可怜你 +费心教你说话每个钟点都教你 +一样东西。野人你当时不懂 +自己讲什么只是叽里咕噜像那 +最粗暴的野兽我还教你言辞 +表达你的意思。然而由于你的恶性—— +尽管学习了——里面还是有善性 +无法共存之处。因此你被关在 +这石窟里罪有应得其实 +关进监狱里都算轻罚了。 +凯列班　你教我语言我得到的好处 +是知道怎样诅咒。愿红疮要你的命 +因为你教我你的语言。 +普洛斯彼罗　巫婆子孙滚 +把木柴给我们扛进来要快。你最好 +也打别的杂。你敢耸肩浑球 +假如我的吩咐你不做或是 +做得不情不愿我就罚你抽筋抽不停 +叫你一身骨头痛楚使你吼叫 +声音大得连野兽听了都要发抖。 +凯列班　不要求求你。—— +我必须服从他的法力太强 +旁白 +能够控制我娘的神赛得玻21 +去当他的奴仆。 +普洛斯彼罗　好了奴才快去 +凯列班下 +腓迪南上爱丽儿隐形上边弹边唱 +爱丽儿　快来这黄沙滩上唷 +歌 +手儿牵着手。 +屈个膝亲一亲 +浪涛就平静。 +曼妙舞步到处跳 +可爱的精灵啊你们要 +唱副歌。 +[众精灵　幕内唱]副歌散乱地 +听啊听汪喔 +看门狗在叫汪喔。 +爱丽儿　听啊听我听到 +趾高气扬的雄鸡叫 +高唱咯咯啼哆哆。 +腓迪南　这音乐在哪儿在天上在地下 +这会儿停了。一定是唱给 +岛上什么神明的。我坐在岸边 +还在哀哭我父王遇难 +这音乐从水上飘过来 +甜美乐音平息了怒涛 +和我的伤痛。我一路跟着—— +也许是它引领我——可是停了。 +不又开始了。 +爱丽儿　令尊躺在五处22 +歌 +骸骨已然成珊瑚 +珍珠乃是他双目。 +全身骨肉虽朽腐 +一经大海精细雕 +成为珍贵稀世宝。 +海仙敲钟常纪念 +[众精灵　幕内唱]副歌叮咚。 +爱丽儿　听啊听叮咚声连连。 +腓迪南　这小调的确在悼念淹死的家父。 +这不是凡俗事物世上也没有 +这种声音。此刻就在我头上。 +普洛斯彼罗　打开你的眼帘 +告诉我你看到那边有什么。 +米兰达　那是什么啊是个精灵吗 +天哪它在东张西望大人我真觉得 +它长得好英俊。但它是个精灵。 +普洛斯彼罗　不对丫头。它也吃也睡也有跟咱们 +一样的感觉一样的。你看的这位帅哥 +遭了船难。若不是他因为哀伤而略有 +愁容——哀伤会破坏美貌——你可以说他 +长得挺好的。他失去了伙伴 +到处找他们呢。 +米兰达　我要称他为 +仙品因为我见过的人 +从没这么高贵的。 +普洛斯彼罗　有苗头了我看 +旁白 +正中我的下怀。——精灵啊好精灵 +对爱丽儿 +因你办了这件事我两天之内就释放你。 +腓迪南　一定是了这是那些歌声 +侍候的女神请准许我的祈祷 +告诉我您是否住在这岛上 +可否给我一些好指点 +让我知道在这里该当如何。最后 +也最重要的是——啊惊为天人23的您—— +您是个少女24不是 +米兰达　没什么可惊的先生 +但确实是少女。 +腓迪南　讲我的语言天哪 +讲这语言的人里我最高贵 +如果是在讲这语言的地方。 +普洛斯彼罗　怎么说最高贵 +这要让那不勒斯国王听到你成了什么 +腓迪南　孤家寡人25像现在这样听你说起 +那不勒斯国王我很诧异。他听得见我26 +而因此我落泪。我就是那不勒斯的王 +双眼目睹我父王船难泪水 +没有停过。 +米兰达　哀哉好可怜 +腓迪南　是啊真的还有他的全部大臣米兰公爵 +和他英俊的儿子也失散了。27 +普洛斯彼罗　米兰公爵 +旁白 +和他更俊的女儿可以质疑你 +但现在不合适。他们才一见面 +就眉来眼去。——机灵的爱丽儿 +对爱丽儿 +为此我要释放你。——过来说句话少爷 +对腓迪南 +我只怕你搞错了什么28。过来说句话。 +米兰达　为什么父亲话说得这么凶这 +才是我见过的第三个男人是第一个 +使我思慕的。愿怜悯打动父亲 +跟我同样想法。 +腓迪南　啊您若是闺女 +感情也没有他属我要让你 +成为那不勒斯的王后。 +普洛斯彼罗　且慢先生还要跟你说句话呢。—— +他们俩都爱上对方了但这事进展太快 +旁白 +我得弄得困难些免得奖品赢得轻易 +变得没价值。——还有话要说。我命令你 +对腓迪南 +仔细听我说你在这里篡夺了 +不属于你的名号来到 +这岛上当奸细想要偷取 +本岛主的岛。 +腓迪南　不然。我堂堂一个男子汉。 +米兰达　不会有任何邪物存在这座神庙29 +假如邪灵有这么美好的居所 +美善事物必然会抢着进去住。 +普洛斯彼罗　跟我来。—— +对腓迪南 +你别替他讲话他是个叛贼。——过来 +对米兰达/对腓迪南 +我要锁上你的脖子和双脚 +给你喝海水你的食物是 +淡水河蚌30、枯干的根茎还有 +橡实的壳。跟过来。 +腓迪南　不 +我要反抗这种待遇除非 +我的敌人力量胜得过我。 +他拔剑但被法术所制动弹不得 +米兰达　啊亲爱的父亲 +不要给他太鲁莽的考验 +他温文有礼并不可怕31。 +普洛斯彼罗　什么哼 +你小子来教训我——把剑收起来叛贼。 +对腓迪南 +你摆摆架势却不敢打你的良心 +充满罪恶。放下你防卫的姿态 +我用这根棍子现在就能解除你武装 +挥舞魔棍 +打落你的武器。 +米兰达　求求您父亲。 +跪地或试图阻止他 +普洛斯彼罗　走开别拉住我的衣服。 +米兰达　大人可怜他。 +我替他担保。 +普洛斯彼罗　闭嘴再说一个字 +我即使不恨你也要骂你了。什么 +替一个骗子辩护闭嘴 +你以为再没有他这般长相的人 +你只见过他跟凯列班。傻丫头 +比起大多数男人这人是个凯列班 +相较之下他们是天使。 +米兰达　这么说我的爱情 +十分卑微我没有野心 +想要见更英俊的男人。 +普洛斯彼罗　过来服从吧。 +对腓迪南 +你的筋骨又回到婴儿时期 +没有一点儿力气。 +腓迪南　的确是这样。 +我的精力像在梦里似的都被捆绑了。 +父王的死我的无力感 +我所有朋友遭难还有这个人的恐吓 +他制伏了我这些对我都是小事 +只要我每天能从监狱里 +看见这姑娘一次。地球上其他角落的人 +任意享受自由都行我在这样的 +监狱觉得海阔天空。 +普洛斯彼罗　奏效了。——过来。—— +旁白/对腓迪南 +干得好美妙的爱丽儿——跟我来。—— +对爱丽儿/对腓迪南 +听好我还要你做些什么。 +对爱丽儿 +米兰达　放心。 +先生我父亲的本性比他 +言语所表现的好。他现在说的话 +很不寻常。 +普洛斯彼罗　你会自由自在 +对爱丽儿 +像山岚一般但你得确实做到 +我所有的吩咐。 +爱丽儿　分毫不差。 +普洛斯彼罗　走跟过来。——别替他说情。 +对腓迪南/对米兰达 +众人下 +第二幕 +第一场第三景 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、贡柴罗、阿德里安、弗兰西斯科及其他人上 +贡柴罗　请求您陛下开心点您有理由欢喜—— +对阿隆佐 +我们都有——因为我们逃过一劫 +远超过我们的损失。我们这种不幸 +稀松平常每天都有水手的妻子、 +商船的主人还有货主 +跟我们一样悲惨。然而这种奇迹—— +我是说我们保住性命——几百万当中 +没几个能像我们这般夸口。所以好陛下 +请明智地权衡我们的忧伤与安慰。 +阿隆佐　拜托你别叽喳了。 +西巴斯辛　他接受安慰像是喝冷橘茶。32 +西巴斯辛与安东尼奥一旁交谈 +安东尼奥　那来劝慰的不会轻易放过他的。 +西巴斯辛　瞧他正在替自己的智慧时钟上紧发条一会儿就要响啦。 +贡柴罗　陛下—— +对阿隆佐 +西巴斯辛　一数吧。 +贡柴罗　要是每次不幸都当一回事那人可有得—— +西巴斯辛　烂锅。 +旁白。对安东尼奥但被贡柴罗听见 +贡柴罗　难过33没错。没想到您说得这么真确。 +西巴斯辛　没想到您的理解比我预料的聪明。 +贡柴罗　因此王上—— +对阿隆佐 +安东尼奥　呸他可真会浪费唇舌 +阿隆佐　拜托你省省吧。 +对贡柴罗 +贡柴罗　好我说完了不过呢—— +西巴斯辛　他还是要说。 +安东尼奥　他跟阿德里安两个咱来赌一下谁会先啼 +西巴斯辛　老公鸡。 +安东尼奥　小公鸡。 +西巴斯辛　赌了。赌注呢 +安东尼奥　一笑34吧。 +西巴斯辛　一言为定 +阿德里安　这座岛虽然看似无人居住—— +西巴斯辛　哈哈哈35 +安东尼奥　好这算是赔了你了。 +阿德里安　住不得人也来不了—— +西巴斯辛　可是呢—— +阿德里安　可是呢—— +安东尼奥　他少不得会这样说。 +阿德里安　这里必然优美、温和、雅致怡人。 +安东尼奥　怡人36是个雅致的姑娘。 +西巴斯辛　是啊而且优美他说得极有学问。 +阿德里安　风的呼吸吹拂得极为惬意。 +西巴斯辛　好像风有两片肺叶似的都烂了。 +安东尼奥　不然就像抹了泥沼的香气。 +贡柴罗　这里样样都适合居住。 +安东尼奥　的确只是无以谋生。 +西巴斯辛　没有谋生之道或是很少。 +贡柴罗　草多么鲜嫩茂密啊。多么碧绿 +安东尼奥　土地其实是黄褐色。 +西巴斯辛　带着点绿。 +安东尼奥　他错得不离谱。 +西巴斯辛　对只不过完全弄反了。 +贡柴罗　但最稀罕的是——简直不可置信—— +西巴斯辛　稀罕的东西多半如此。 +贡柴罗　——我们的衣服都已经在海里泡过却还保持原来的鲜艳和光泽像是全新的而没有被海水玷污。 +安东尼奥　他的口袋只要有一个会说话难道不会说他撒谎37 +西巴斯辛　嗯或者非常虚伪地把他的说法放进口袋里。 +贡柴罗　我觉得咱们的衣服就像在非洲参加王上美丽的公主克拉丽贝尔跟突尼斯国王大婚刚穿上去的时候一样新。 +西巴斯辛　那婚礼好精彩而且咱们回程也都顺利。 +阿德里安　突尼斯从来没有过这等绝色的王后。 +贡柴罗　自从寡妇狄多38以后就没有了。 +安东尼奥　寡妇什么话嘛那“寡妇”怎么来的寡妇狄多 +西巴斯辛　他要是也说“鳏夫埃涅阿斯”39可怎么办我老天瞧您发那么大脾气 +阿德里安　您说是“寡妇狄多”吗您让我想一想她是迦太基人不是突尼斯人。 +贡柴罗　这突尼斯先生是当年的迦太基。40 +阿德里安　迦太基 +贡柴罗　我向您保证是迦太基。 +安东尼奥　他的话比那神奇的竖琴更神。41 +西巴斯辛　他不光建了城墙还盖了房子呢。 +安东尼奥　他下一个化不可能为可能的事会是什么 +西巴斯辛　我想他会把这个岛放进口袋带回家跟他儿子换个苹果。 +安东尼奥　然后把苹果籽洒到海里种出更多海岛。 +贡柴罗　对。42 +安东尼奥　哦答得可快。 +贡柴罗　陛下我们谈的是我们的衣服现在好像跟在突尼斯参加公主婚礼时一样鲜艳——她现在是王后了。 +对阿隆佐 +安东尼奥　也是到过那里的绝色美人。 +西巴斯辛　对不起除了寡妇狄多以外。 +安东尼奥　哦寡妇狄多对寡妇狄多。 +贡柴罗　陛下我的紧身外套岂不是跟我头一次穿的时候一样新吗我是说从某个角度—— +安东尼奥　那个角度找得很好。 +贡柴罗　——就是我在公主婚礼上穿的时候。 +阿隆佐　您把这些话硬塞进我耳里 +不是我想听的。我情愿没有 +把女儿嫁到那里。因为从那里回来 +我失去了儿子而且——依我看——女儿也是 +她离开意大利那么远 +我再也见不到她了。啊 +那不勒斯和米兰的嗣君是什么怪鱼 +拿你当餐点 +弗兰西斯科　陛下他可能还活着。 +我看见他和汹涌海浪搏斗 +跨在它们背上他踩着水 +用力推开它的敌意挺胸抵挡 +迎面而来的巨浪。他昂首 +于澎湃水面之上以他坚强的 +双臂使劲划向海岸那海岸俯视 +海浪腐蚀的峭壁底部 +好似弯着腰要帮助他。我确信 +他安全上了岸。 +阿隆佐　不不他已经走了。 +西巴斯辛　陛下您可以感谢自己造成这大难 +对阿隆佐 +不肯让公主赐福给咱们欧洲 +宁可放她给非洲人在那里 +她至少是从您的眼中放逐了 +有理由可以哀哭。 +阿隆佐　拜托你安静。 +西巴斯辛　我们大家都向您下跪求您 +别那样做美丽的公主自己 +也在厌恶与顺服之间踌躇不知 +天平该垂向哪一端。只怕我们已经 +永远失去了王子。米兰和那不勒斯 +因为这件事而增加的寡妇 +多过我们能带回去安慰她们的男人。 +这是您自己的过失。 +阿隆佐　也是最贵重的损失。43 +贡柴罗　西巴斯辛大人 +您说的实话缺少一点温柔 +时机也不宜。您这是在摩擦伤口 +而这时本该带膏药来疗伤才对。 +西巴斯辛　好得很。 +安东尼奥　像极了外科医师。 +贡柴罗　好陛下您的乌云 +对阿隆佐 +于我们是恶劣天候。 +西巴斯辛　恶劣天候 +安东尼奥　十分恶劣。 +贡柴罗　我若在这个岛上有块殖民地陛下—— +安东尼奥　他会栽种荨麻籽。 +西巴斯辛　或是酸模或锦葵。44 +贡柴罗　要是当了岛上的王我会怎么做 +西巴斯辛　不会喝醉因为没有酒。 +贡柴罗　在这个共和国我倒要反其道 +处理一切所有商业交易 +我一概不准45没有地方官的名称 +不可以有学问。财富、贫穷、 +雇用仆役没有。契约、继承、 +边界、地界、耕地、葡萄园没有。 +不用金属、谷物或酒或油。 +没有职业所有人尽都闲散。 +女人也是只是天真纯洁46。 +没有王权。 +西巴斯辛　但他还要做岛上的国王。 +安东尼奥　他那共和国的尾忘了头啦。 +贡柴罗　一切共有之物大自然都会生产 +无须流汗或努力。背叛、重罪、 +利剑、长矛、小刀、枪支或任何器械 +我都不要。自然自会自己出产 +都丰丰富富都充充足足 +供养我纯朴的百姓。 +西巴斯辛　他的子民没有婚姻吗47 +安东尼奥　没有老兄人人闲散妓女和流氓。 +贡柴罗　我会这样完美地统治陛下 +胜过黄金时代48。 +西巴斯辛　天佑陛下 +安东尼奥　贡柴罗万岁 +鞠躬或脱帽 +贡柴罗　还有——陛下您在听吗 +阿隆佐　拜托别说了。你说的对我都是空洞的。 +贡柴罗　我相信陛下说的没错。我故意讲给这些贵人听他们的肺十分敏感、反应迅速连空洞无物都会使他们发笑。 +安东尼奥　我们笑的是您。 +贡柴罗　在这种戏谑中你们视我为无物因此你们可以继续对着空洞嘲笑。 +安东尼奥　砍得好凶啊 +西巴斯辛　用的却是刀背。 +贡柴罗　两位是英勇的贵人假如月亮连续五个星期不变化你们会去把它从轨道上拉出来。 +爱丽儿[隐形]奏肃乐上 +西巴斯辛　我们会这样做然后摸黑去捕鸟49。 +安东尼奥　别这样好大人别生气嘛。 +贡柴罗　不会的我向您保证。我不会为这等小事就失去谨慎。可以请两位笑着催我入眠吗我非常困。 +安东尼奥　去睡吧听我们笑。 +除阿隆佐、西巴斯辛与安东尼奥外众人皆入睡 +阿隆佐　什么这么快都睡了但愿我的眼睛 +能够闭上同时关闭我的思想。 +我觉得它们正要这么做。 +西巴斯辛　陛下请您 +不要忽视沉重睡眠的机会。 +它难得造访忧伤一旦来了就是个安慰者。 +安东尼奥　我们两个陛下在您休息时 +会保卫您守护您的安全。 +阿隆佐　谢谢你们。眼皮沉重极了。 +他入睡 +西巴斯辛　多么诡异的睡意降临他们身上 +爱丽儿下 +安东尼奥　是气候的性质使然。 +西巴斯辛　那为什么 +它不会叫咱们的眼皮子下垂我觉得 +我不想睡。 +安东尼奥　我也是。我精神敏锐着呢。 +他们一起都睡了像是说好了似的 +倒了下去像是被雷殛似的。也许 +尊贵的西巴斯辛啊也许——不多说了。—— +然而我好像在你脸上看见 +你应有的身份。机会对你说话而 +我强烈的想象看见一顶王冠 +落在你头上。 +西巴斯辛　什么你是醒着的吗 +安东尼奥　您没听见我说话 +西巴斯辛　有啊那肯定 +是昏睡的语言你是在 +睡梦中说话。你刚才说什么来着 +这真是怪异的睡眠睡着了 +眼睛睁得大大。站着说着走动着 +却又睡得这么熟。 +安东尼奥　高贵的西巴斯辛 +你让你的好运睡着——该说是死去。闭着眼 +其实是醒着。 +西巴斯辛　你分明在打鼾 +鼾声里别有意图。 +安东尼奥　我比往常严肃。您 +也必会如此如果留心听我说。照着做 +会使你涨三倍。 +西巴斯辛　哦我是一片静海50。 +安东尼奥　我来教您如何涨潮。 +西巴斯辛　请吧。退潮 +是遗传的迟钝51给我的教导。 +安东尼奥　喔 +可惜您不明白您所嘲讽的 +正是您心中所想的您剥除它 +却是更加穿戴它。运气衰退的人其实 +往往是因为自身恐惧或迟钝 +才会在接近底层奔波。 +西巴斯辛　拜托继续说。 +你的眼神和表情宣告你心中 +有要紧大事而要你说出来 +却又实在会使你十分痛苦。 +安东尼奥　是这样的大人 +虽然这位记性不好的大人这一位 +当他入土之后也同样没有什么人 +纪念他但他刚才几乎说服了 +国王认为王子还活着——因为这个人 +是个说服的专家他的职业就只是说服。52 +王子要不淹死是不可能的 +就像说睡在这里的是在游泳。 +西巴斯辛　说他没淹死 +我不存希望。 +安东尼奥　喔从那个“不存希望” +您可有多大的希望那一边没希望 +是另一边高高的希望高到连 +野心放眼望去都必然 +担心会被发现。您是否同意我 +腓迪南已经淹死了 +西巴斯辛　他已经走了。 +安东尼奥　那告诉我谁是那不勒斯王位的下一位王储 +西巴斯辛　克拉丽贝尔。 +安东尼奥　在突尼斯当王后的她住在生命 +尽头三十英里外53的她无法从那不勒斯 +获得消息的她除非是太阳替她送信—— +月亮太慢了——不然要等到婴儿下巴 +长出可剃的粗胡须。我们参加她婚礼后 +全被海吞没虽然有些又被吐出来—— +命中注定要做一件事过去的 +成为这事情的序曲未来的 +就靠您与我去执行。 +西巴斯辛　这是啥您54这话怎讲 +不错我哥哥的女儿是突尼斯王后 +但她也是那不勒斯王储。两地之间 +是有些距离。 +安东尼奥　其间每一个腕尺55 +似乎都在呼喊“那个克拉丽贝尔要怎样 +量丈着我们回到那不勒斯待在突尼斯吧 +让西巴斯辛醒醒。”假如说吧现在 +是死亡掳获了他们那么他们的处境 +不会比现在更糟。有人能统治那不勒斯 +不逊于睡着的他有王公贵人能唠唠叨叨 +大放厥词讲些不着边际的话 +像这个贡柴罗我自己就能把 +寒鸦训练得有同样深度。啊愿您的 +想法跟我的一样那这场睡眠 +对您的前途可大大有利您懂我的意思吗 +西巴斯辛　我想我懂。 +安东尼奥　那您有多么 +在乎您自己的好运呢 +西巴斯辛　我记得 +您推翻了您的哥哥普洛斯彼罗。 +安东尼奥　对。 +瞧瞧这身衣裳穿在我身上多相配 +比以前更合身。我哥哥的仆从 +原是我的同僚如今成了我的部属。 +西巴斯辛　除了您的良心。 +安东尼奥　是啊大人那个在哪里呀假如那是冻疮 +我就得穿软拖鞋可是我胸膛里 +摸不着这位神明就算有二十颗良心 +挡在我跟米兰的大位中间凝结成冰 +在干扰我之前早融化了令兄躺在这里 +比他所躺的泥土好不到哪里 +假如他就像他现在这样——好像死了—— +我用这把听话的剑——只消三英寸—— +抚摸剑或匕首 +就能使他长眠而您这样子 +也可以把这个老朽这位谨慎大爷 +送去睡永远的觉免得 +他来谴责我们的行为。至于其他人 +他们会听从建议像猫舔牛奶一般 +我们说什么时候该怎么做他们就会 +照着去做。 +西巴斯辛　亲爱的朋友你所做的 +就是我的先例。你怎样得到米兰 +我就怎样获取那不勒斯。拔剑吧 +只消一击就免除你的纳贡 +而我这国王会恩宠你。 +安东尼奥　一同拔剑 +我举起手的时候您也照样做 +刺死贡柴罗。 +西巴斯辛　啊还有一句话。 +两人一旁交谈 +爱丽儿随音乐与歌声[隐形]上 +爱丽儿　我主人通过法术预知您、 +对睡着的贡柴罗 +他的朋友有危险差派我来 +保他们的命——不然他的计划就完了。 +您躺这里打着鼾 +在贡柴罗耳边歌唱 +阴谋睁眼看 +机会难再 +若您还想保命 +别沉睡当心。 +醒来醒来 +安东尼奥　那咱俩就赶快。 +安东尼奥与西巴斯辛拔剑 +贡柴罗　好天使啊保卫陛下 +醒转 +阿隆佐　嗄怎么啦嗬醒醒你们拔剑干吗 +余皆醒转 +怎么脸色这么苍白 +贡柴罗　怎么回事 +西巴斯辛　我们站在这里保护您休息 +就在刚才我们听见一阵咆哮 +像公牛更像狮子。可不把您惊醒了吗 +我听来可怕极了。 +阿隆佐　我什么都没听到。 +安东尼奥　声音大得可以吓坏妖怪 +地动山摇一定是整群狮子 +在吼叫。 +阿隆佐　您听到了吗贡柴罗 +贡柴罗　陛下我以荣誉发誓我听见嗡嗡声 +而且是很奇怪的使我醒过来。 +我摇摇您陛下大声叫。我张开眼睛 +看见他们剑已出鞘。是有个声音 +那是一定的。咱们最好提防着点 +不然就离开此地。我们都拿出武器来。 +阿隆佐　带我们离开这里大家再去寻找 +我那可怜的儿子。 +贡柴罗　愿老天保佑他远离这些野兽 +因为他一定在岛上。 +阿隆佐　带路吧。 +爱丽儿　得让普洛斯彼罗我主人知道我办到的事。 +陛下啊就请安全地去寻找你的儿子。 +众人[分头]下 +第二场第四景 +凯列班负一捆柴上。响起一阵雷声 +凯列班　让太阳吸起的一切病毒无论来自 +泥塘、沼泽、湿地都落在普洛斯彼罗身上 +叫他一寸一寸成了病灶。他的精灵听得见我 +可是我非诅咒不可。但他们不会折磨我 +扮妖精幽灵吓唬我把我扔进泥坑 +也不会在黑暗中变成鬼火带引我 +走偏路——除非他下了命令。可是 +为每一件小事他都要他们来整我 +有时像猴子对我扮鬼脸吱吱叫 +然后咬我有时像刺猬在我 +光脚走的路上翻滚竖起 +刺来扎我的脚。有时我全身 +被毒蛇缠绕它们用分岔的舌头 +咝咝作响嘘得我发狂。 +特林鸠罗56上 +瞧哎瞧 +这儿来了个他的精灵要折磨我 +因为我柴火搬得慢。我要倒下来 +也许他不会注意到我。 +躺下以斗篷遮盖全身 +特林鸠罗　这里没有灌木丛也没有矮树林可以遮风蔽雨而另一场风暴正在酝酿我从风中听见它唱着呢那边那片乌云那片大的看来像是个准备倒出酒来的臭酒囊。要是像刚才那样打起雷来我不知道该把头藏在哪儿。那边那片乌云一定会成桶成桶倾倒下来。这是啥玩意儿是人还是鱼死的还是活的是鱼他有鱼的味道一股很久很久的鱼腥味有点儿像不怎么新鲜的狗鳕干。一条怪鱼要是我现在人在英国——我在那里待过——只消把这条鱼着上颜色在那里度假的傻瓜人人都会掏出一块银币。在那里这个怪物可以帮人发财。任何奇怪的野兽都能帮人发财。那些人不肯出一个铜板救济跛腿的乞丐却愿意给上十个去看一个死掉的印第安人57。跟人一样有两条腿鱼鳍像手臂唷还真是温热的我现在要收回我的说法不再坚持。这不是鱼是刚刚被雷击的岛民。天哪暴风雨又来了我最好爬到他的粗布斗篷底下。这附近没别处可躲。苦难使人结交奇怪的伙伴。我要躲在这里等倾盆的暴风雨过去。 +看见凯列班 +雷声 +特林鸠罗爬进凯列班的斗篷 +斯丹法诺唱歌上 +手持一瓶酒 +斯丹法诺　俺不再出海出海。 +俺要死在岸上—— +这曲子在葬礼时唱很难受。唉这是我的安慰。 +饮酒 +船长、甲板清扫工、水手长和我 +唱 +炮手和他的副座 +爱上茉莉、梅葛、马莲和玛吉 +但没人喜欢凯蒂。 +她的舌头太毒辣 +会对水手说“去死吧” +她讨厌焦油或沥青的味道 +但无论身上哪里痒裁缝都可替她搔。 +那就出海吧哥儿们让她去死吧 +这也是支烂曲子不过这是我的安慰。 +饮酒 +凯列班　别折磨我。噢 +斯丹法诺　怎么回事这儿有魔鬼吗你们拿野人跟印第安人来耍我们嗄我都淹不死了现在还怕你的四条腿不成有这么个说法“就算最体面用四腿走路的也无法逼他让步。”只要斯丹法诺一息尚存这话还会再说一遍。 +凯列班　精灵在折磨我。噢 +斯丹法诺　这是岛上的四腿怪物依我看他是病了。他到底从哪儿学了咱们的语言就为这一点我要给他补一补。要是我能把他救活驯服了带到那不勒斯可以把他献给任何一个穿母牛皮鞋的皇帝。 +凯列班　别折磨我求求你。我会快点把木柴搬回家。 +斯丹法诺　他正在发病说话不顶有条理。他得尝尝我这瓶东西。要是他以前没喝过酒这玩意儿很可以治好他的病。要是我能救活他把他驯服了再高的价钱我都要得到谁想得到他就得付钱付足够的钱。 +凯列班　你到现在还没怎么伤害我马上就会开始了我看你发抖就知道。现在普洛斯彼罗正对你作法。 +斯丹法诺　来张开嘴。这东西能叫您58说话猫儿59。张开嘴来这东西能抖掉您的颤抖我告诉你而且抖得干干净净。您不知道谁是您朋友呢。嘴巴再张开来。 +给凯列班一口酒 +凯列班吐出来 +特林鸠罗　我该听出那声音。应该是——但他已经淹死了那这些是魔鬼。啊救命 +斯丹法诺　四条腿两种声音真是极巧妙的怪物他前头的声音是用来说朋友好话后头的声音是用来说脏话说坏话。假如用一整瓶酒可以治好他我愿意治他的病。来。够了60我来给你另一张嘴倒一点儿。 +特林鸠罗　斯丹法诺 +斯丹法诺　你的另一张嘴在叫我吗饶命啊饶命这是个魔鬼不是怪物。我要离开他我可没有长汤匙61。 +特林鸠罗　斯丹法诺你若是斯丹法诺就摸摸我跟我说话因为我是特林鸠罗——别害怕——你的好朋友特林鸠罗。 +斯丹法诺　你若是特林鸠罗就出来。我来拉你比较短的腿62。如果有哪一双腿是特林鸠罗的这双就是了。你真的就是那特林鸠罗你怎么会成了这怪物的便便63他能拉出特林鸠罗吗 +拉他出来 +特林鸠罗　我还以为他是被雷劈死了。可是你没淹死啊斯丹法诺现在我真希望你没淹死。暴风雨过去了吗我躲在这怪物的斗篷底下就是怕暴风雨。你还活着吧斯丹法诺斯丹法诺啊有两个那不勒斯人逃过了一劫 +特林鸠罗与斯丹法诺相拥或跳舞 +斯丹法诺　拜托别把我转来转去我的胃不舒服。 +凯列班　他们倒是好东西假如不是精灵的话。那一个是出色的神仙还带着仙酒。我要向他下跪。 +旁白 +斯丹法诺　你是怎么逃命的你怎么来到这里的手按着这瓶子说你怎么来到这里。我是靠着水手扔出船外的一个酒桶逃命的我凭着这瓶子发誓。这瓶子是我上岸之后亲手用树皮做的。 +凯列班　我要按着那瓶子宣誓做你忠贞的子民因为那酒不是人间的。 +斯丹法诺　按着这个老实说你是怎么逃命的。 +特林鸠罗　游泳上岸的老哥像鸭子那样。我能像鸭子一样游泳我发誓。 +斯丹法诺　这里亲这《圣经》64。你就算能像鸭子一样游泳也还天生是呆头鹅。 +递酒瓶给特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　斯丹法诺啊你可还有这玩意儿 +斯丹法诺　一整桶呢老兄。我的酒窖在海边一块岩石里面酒就藏在那儿。——怎么样啦怪物你的寒症怎样了 +对凯列班 +凯列班　你可是从天上掉下来的 +斯丹法诺　从月亮来的老实跟你讲。我原是月亮里的那个人。 +凯列班　我见过你在那里我好崇拜你。我的女主人65替我指出你跟你的狗还有你的矮树丛。66 +斯丹法诺　来就你这话发个誓。亲吻这《圣经》。我一会儿再倒上新的。发誓。 +递酒瓶给凯列班 +凯列班饮酒 +特林鸠罗　凭着阳光起誓这是个非常浅薄的怪物我还怕他一个懦弱的怪物月亮里的人一个极其可怜幼稚的怪物干得好怪物真的 +旁白 +凯列班　我要带你看遍岛上每一寸肥沃土地。我要亲你的脚。我求你做我的神明。 +特林鸠罗　天光为凭一个最不讲信用的烂醉怪物神明睡觉的时候他会去偷他的酒瓶。 +旁白 +凯列班　我要亲你的脚。我要发誓做你的子民。 +斯丹法诺　那就过来。跪下发誓。 +凯列班跪下 +特林鸠罗　这个猪头67怪物会把我笑死。一个卑鄙的怪物我恨不得打他一顿—— +旁白 +斯丹法诺　来亲。 +对凯列班 +特林鸠罗　——要不是这可怜怪物喝醉了。讨厌的怪物 +凯列班　我会带你看最好的水泉我会替你摘浆果我会替你捕鱼替你搜集足够的木柴。叫瘟疫降临我伺候的暴君我不再替他搬树枝只要跟随你你这天人。 +特林鸠罗　最可笑的怪物居然把个可怜的醉汉奉为天人。 +旁白 +凯列班　我求你让我带你到长野苹果的地方我也要用我的长指甲替你挖地栗给你看一个松鸦的窝教你怎么诱捕灵敏的狨猴我要带你到茂密的榛果林有时候我会替你从岩石上抓些小山羊68。你要跟我去吗 +斯丹法诺　拜托现在就带路别多说了。特林鸠罗既然王上和我们全体伙伴都淹死了我们可以接收这块地。——这里替我拿瓶子。特林鸠罗老哥咱们等一会儿再来倒上几杯。 +对凯列班 +凯列班　别了主人别了永别了 +醉唱 +特林鸠罗　嚎叫的怪物烂醉的怪物 +凯列班　不再筑坝捕鱼虾 +唱 +不必听命把柴搬 +不洗碗来不洗盘 +阿班阿班凯列班 +有了新老板——另外找人吧69。 +自由了放假啰放假啰自由了自由放假自由 +斯丹法诺　好怪物啊带路吧 +众人下 +第三幕 +第一场第五景 +腓迪南扛一根木头上 +腓迪南　有些活动累人但因为喜欢 +放下木头 +就不觉疲乏。有些卑微的工作 +可以高贵地承担微不足道的事体 +结果富丽堂皇。这低贱的工作 +对我原本沉重并且可憎然而 +我伺候的女主人化死气为活力 +使我的劳役成为喜乐。啊她的 +温柔十倍于她父亲的粗暴 +而他乃是严酷所造。我必须搬 +几千根这种木头把它们堆好全凭 +他一声苛刻的命令。我可爱的女主人 +见我工作就流泪说这种粗活 +从没有类似的人干过。我忘了70。 +但这些甜蜜思绪纾解了我的劳累 +扛起木头 +做起事来最忙碌也最轻松。 +米兰达与普洛斯彼罗上 +普洛斯彼罗躲在远处 +米兰达　哎呀现在恳求您 +对腓迪南 +不要工作得这么卖力。我情愿闪电 +烧掉您必须堆积的那些木头。 +请您放下来休息。这木头燃烧时 +会因为曾使您疲乏而流泪71。家父 +正专心研究现在请您歇息 +他三个钟头内不会来。 +腓迪南　最亲爱的女主人哪 +我还没做完该努力完成的事 +太阳就要下山了。 +米兰达　您要是肯坐下 +我会替您搬木头。请拿给我 +我搬到柴堆去。 +腓迪南　不行珍贵的人儿 +我宁可折断我的筋压垮我的背 +也不能让您受这种委屈 +而自己却闲坐一旁。 +米兰达　这件事对我合适 +就和对您一样而我做起来 +更轻省得多因为我是甘心乐意 +而您是不情不愿。 +普洛斯彼罗　可怜虫你被感染了。 +旁白 +这次探访看得出来。 +米兰达　您似乎很累。 +腓迪南　不高贵的女主人有您在一旁夜晚 +对我就是清新的早晨。我要请教您的 +芳名主要是为了把它放在 +我的祷告里。 +米兰达　米兰达。——哦父亲哪 +我这一说就破了您的诫命。 +腓迪南　可赞叹的米兰达72 +真是绝顶令人赞叹当得上 +世界的至宝多少贵妇 +我曾仔细注目多少次 +她们悦耳的言语囚禁了 +我太过殷勤的耳朵。不同的优点 +使我中意过不同的女人从没有 +一位如此全心爱慕——总有什么 +缺点与她至高的魅力不合 +使那魅力受损。然而您喔您 +如此完美如此无与伦比乃是 +集众生精华所创造。 +米兰达　我没有见过 +与我同性别的记不得任何女人的容貌 +除了从镜子里自己的脸。我也不曾 +见过可以说是男人的除了您我的爱73 +以及我亲爱的父亲。外面人长相如何 +我完全无知但是以我的贞节—— +我嫁妆中的珍宝——为证我在这世上 +除了您别的伴侣都不想要。 +我的想象也无法塑造出除您自己以外 +可以喜爱的相貌。但我信口说得 +似乎太过分了把家父的吩咐 +都忘记了。 +腓迪南　我的地位乃是 +王子米兰达我相信是国王—— +我情愿不是——我本不能忍受 +担柴的奴役就如不能任凭 +苍蝇在我嘴上产卵。请听我的心声 +我乍见到您的那一刻我的心 +就飞来要为您效劳住下来 +使我成为奴才为了您的缘故 +我成了这吃苦耐劳的搬柴工。 +米兰达　您爱我吗 +腓迪南　皇天后土啊替我这话作证 +假如我所说真诚让我的告白 +得到善果若是虚伪就把 +我原本上上吉兆颠倒为祸害。我 +超乎世上其他一切的界线 +热爱您宝贵您敬重您。 +米兰达　我好傻 +竟为高兴的事而哭。 +普洛斯彼罗　两股至深的感情 +旁白 +美妙地相遇了求上苍降福泽 +给他俩生下来的74。 +腓迪南　您为什么要哭 +米兰达　哭我的不配既不敢献出 +我想要给的更不敢接受 +我得不到就会死的。但这太 +轻浮了越是想要隐藏自己 +越发显露得多。离去吧故作娇羞 +朴实圣洁的纯真激励我 +我就是您的妻子如果您愿娶我。 +如果不愿我就一辈子做您的婢女75。 +您可以拒绝我当您配偶但我要做 +您的仆人不管您肯不肯。 +腓迪南　我的心上人我的最爱 +跪地 +我永远如此顺服。 +米兰达　那是我丈夫啰 +腓迪南　是的打心底情愿 +像是奴隶拥抱自由。我的手在此。 +米兰达　这是我的里面有我的心。76现在我暂别您 +半个钟头后再会。 +腓迪南　千千万万个再会 +[腓迪南与米兰达分头]下 +普洛斯彼罗　像他们那么高兴我是不可能的 +他们是欣喜若狂。但我的欢欣 +莫此为甚。我要回到我的魔法书 +因为晚餐前还必须完成 +与此相关的许多工作。 +下 +第二场第六景 +凯列班、斯丹法诺与特林鸠罗上 +斯丹法诺　别跟我说。桶里空了咱们才喝水否则一滴都不喝。所以就再喝吧喝干了。怪物仆为我干杯。 +特林鸠罗　怪物仆这个岛真荒唐——据说这岛上只有五个人我们就占了三个。要是另外两个脑袋跟咱们一样国家就完蛋了。 +旁白 +斯丹法诺　怪物仆我叫你喝你就喝。长在你头上的眼睛几乎发直了。 +凯列班饮酒 +特林鸠罗　不然要长在哪里要是他眼睛长在屁屁上那他可真是个精彩的怪物了。 +斯丹法诺　我这怪物仆的舌头泡在酒里了。77我呢海水都淹不了我。我可以游个一百英里左右到岸上。我保证让你做我的副手怪物啊或做我的掌旗官78。 +特林鸠罗　就让他做您的副手吧他根本站不直。 +斯丹法诺　咱们不必跑79怪物先生。 +特林鸠罗　也不走。您就像狗一样躺着也别说话。 +斯丹法诺　怪物这辈子总要说一次话吧如果你是个好怪物。 +凯列班　大人可好让我舔你的鞋子。我不伺候他他不勇敢。 +特林鸠罗　你撒谎无知透顶的怪物。我可以跟治安官干架。哎你这堕落的鱼你可有谁能像我今天喝那么多还是懦夫不成80你这半鱼半怪的家伙还想撒天大的怪谎81吗 +凯列班　瞧他这样嘲笑我你容许他吗我的主 +特林鸠罗　他说“主”哩怪物竟然这么呆 +凯列班　瞧你瞧又来了。把他咬死拜托。 +斯丹法诺　特林鸠罗看好您脑壳里的好舌头吧。您要是敢反叛就把您吊死。这可怜的怪物是我的子民不能让他受到羞辱。 +凯列班　谢谢尊贵的大人。你可愿意再听一次我的要求82 +斯丹法诺　圣母在上愿意啊。跪下再说一遍。我立着特林鸠罗也是。 +爱丽儿隐形上 +凯列班　如我先前告诉你的我是一个暴君、一个巫师的子民。他利用法术从我手中骗走了这座岛。 +爱丽儿　你撒谎。 +凯列班　你撒谎你这插科打诨的猴儿83你。但愿我勇敢的主人把你干掉。我没撒谎。 +对特林鸠罗 +斯丹法诺　特林鸠罗您要是再扰乱他说话我凭这只手发誓要打落您几颗牙 +特林鸠罗　唉我啥也没说。 +斯丹法诺　那就闭嘴别再说了。——说下去。 +对特林鸠罗/对凯列班 +凯列班　我说他靠巫术得到这座岛 +从我这里拿走的。假设大人你 +对他报复——因为我知道你敢 +而这个东西84不敢—— +斯丹法诺　那是当然。 +凯列班　你就成为岛主我会服侍你。 +斯丹法诺　现在这事要怎么办才行 +你能带我去那个人那里吗 +凯列班　能能我的主。我趁他睡觉时把他交给你 +你可以在他头上敲一根钉子。85 +爱丽儿　你撒谎你不能。 +凯列班　这真是个花衫笨小丑86。你这下流胚—— +对特林鸠罗 +我恳求大王揍他 +对斯丹法诺 +把他的瓶子拿走这样 +他就只能喝海水了因为我不会带他 +去清水泉。 +斯丹法诺　特林鸠罗别再冒险了再说一个字打断这怪物讲话我凭这只手发誓会把我的慈悲赶出门把你打成鳕鱼干。 +特林鸠罗　奇怪我做了什么我啥也没做。我走远一点。 +斯丹法诺　你没说他撒谎吗 +爱丽儿　你撒谎。 +斯丹法诺　我吗赏你这一拳。要是喜欢的话下次再说我撒谎。 +痛打特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　我没有说啊。您不清醒也聋了吗去您那酒瓶灌酒灌成这副德行。我咒您的怪物长猪瘟魔鬼拿走您手指 +凯列班　哈哈哈 +斯丹法诺　好了继续说下去。——拜托站远点儿。 +对凯列班/对特林鸠罗 +凯列班　揍他个痛快。过一会儿 +我也要揍他。 +斯丹法诺　站远些。——好说下去。 +对特林鸠罗/对凯列班 +凯列班　哦我跟你讲过他有个习惯 +要睡午觉。那时候你可以把他脑浆打出来 +但要先夺走他的魔法书。或者用粗木棍 +打他脑壳或者拿木桩戳进他肚子 +或者用你的刀子割他的气管。记得 +先拿他的书因为没有了它们 +他不过就是个白痴跟我一样也没 +一个精灵供他使唤他们都恨他 +跟我一样恨他入骨。只要烧了他的书。 +他有些精美的器皿——他是这么说的—— +等他有了房屋他要用来装饰。 +而最要深思熟虑的是 +他女儿的美貌。他自己 +说她无可比拟。我没见过女人 +除了我娘西考拉克斯跟她 +但她远远胜过西考拉克斯 +好比最大胜过最小。 +斯丹法诺　是这么标致的姑娘啊 +凯列班　是的大人。她适合为你侍寝我保证 +也会替你养一窝俊美的儿女。 +斯丹法诺　怪物啊我要杀了这个人他女儿和我要当王与后——愿神保守我们两位君主——特林鸠罗和你自己要当总督。你喜欢这个计谋吗特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　好极了。 +斯丹法诺　把手伸出来对不起我打了你。不过你有生之年嘴巴别乱讲。 +凯列班　半个钟点以内他会睡着。 +那你会去干掉他吗 +斯丹法诺　会凭我荣誉保证。 +爱丽儿　这个我要告诉主人。 +旁白 +凯列班　你使我快活我满心欢喜 +我们来开心一下。你们唱一唱 +刚刚教我的轮唱曲好吗 +斯丹法诺　你的请求怪物在合理范围内我都答应。来吧特林鸠罗咱们就唱。 +叫他们难堪叫他们羞惭 +唱 +叫他们羞惭叫他们难堪 +思想要自由。 +凯列班　不是那调子。 +爱丽儿用小鼓和笛子奏出曲调 +斯丹法诺　这是什么啊 +特林鸠罗　这是我们轮唱曲的调子由“莫有人”87演奏。 +斯丹法诺　你若是个人就现出原形来若是个魔鬼那就随你便。 +特林鸠罗　啊饶了我的罪过 +斯丹法诺　死翘翘宿债了88。我才不怕你。——发发慈悲吧89 +凯列班　你害怕了吗 +斯丹法诺　不怪物我不怕。 +凯列班　别害怕这岛上充满了音乐、 +声响和甜美的曲子愉悦而不伤人。 +有时候上千种弦乐器 +在我耳边铮有时候是歌声 +如果我久睡之后醒来 +会使我回头又睡还有在梦中 +层云像是要开启看到财宝 +正要落在我头上我就醒来 +又哭着要回去做梦。 +斯丹法诺　这对我该是美妙的王国可以享受免费的音乐。 +凯列班　要等普洛斯彼罗死了。 +斯丹法诺　那也快了。我记得这回事。 +[爱丽儿奏乐下] +特林鸠罗　这声音渐渐离开了。咱们跟上去然后再办事。 +斯丹法诺　带路吧怪物。我们跟着去。但愿能见到这个鼓手他越打越来劲。 +特林鸠罗　你不来吗我要跟着斯丹法诺。 +对凯列班 +众人下 +第三场第七景 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、贡柴罗、阿德里安、弗兰西斯科及其他人上 +贡柴罗　圣母为证我走不动了陛下。 +我的老骨头痛。这真是在 +曲曲直直的迷宫走来走去。求您开恩 +我非休息不可了。 +阿隆佐　老枢密我不能怪你 +我自己也已经疲累得 +精神不济了。坐下来歇息吧。 +就在此地我要放弃希望不再 +让它哄骗我。他90已经淹死了 +我们这般迷途寻觅大海嘲笑 +我们徒然在陆地上找。罢了让他去吧。 +安东尼奥　我很高兴他如此丧失希望。 +旁白。对西巴斯辛 +别让一次的挫败使您放弃 +决心完成的目标。 +西巴斯辛　下一次机会我们要好好把握。 +旁白。对安东尼奥 +安东尼奥　就在今夜。 +旁白。对西巴斯辛 +因为经过旅途劳顿他们 +不会也无法保持警觉 +像起初那样。 +肃穆奇异的乐声起普洛斯彼罗隐形自高台[上]。其他几个怪物抬一桌酒席上并以高雅的致敬动作绕酒席跳舞他们邀请国王及其他人入席后即离去 +西巴斯辛　我说今夜。到此为止。 +旁白。对安东尼奥 +阿隆佐　这是什么乐音吶各位好友听啊 +贡柴罗　太美妙的音乐。 +阿隆佐　求赐我们守护天使老天。这些是什么 +西巴斯辛　是活人演的偶戏。现在我相信 +麒麟的存在相信在阿拉伯 +有一棵树是凤凰的宝座一只凤凰 +此刻正在那里当王。 +安东尼奥　两者我都相信。 +还有其他什么难信的来找我 +我都发誓真有其事旅行者从不撒谎 +尽管足不出户的傻瓜斥责他们。 +贡柴罗　要是在那不勒斯 +我现在报告这件事他们会相信吗 +我若是说我见到这种岛民—— +因为这些一定是岛上的居民—— +他们虽然形状怪异但要注意 +他们的举止却温柔、善良胜过 +您在我们人类中可以找到的 +许多人甚至任何人。 +普洛斯彼罗　诚实的大人 +旁白 +说的不错因为你们在场有些人 +比魔鬼还要坏。 +阿隆佐　简直太奇妙了 +这种形体这种姿态这种音声表达出—— +虽然他们没有用语言——一种 +高妙的无声言谈。 +普洛斯彼罗　临别再赞美吧。91 +旁白 +弗兰西斯科　他们消失得很奇特。 +西巴斯辛　没关系既然 +他们把食物留下来了因为我们有胃口。 +您来尝尝这里的东西好吗 +阿隆佐　我不要。 +贡柴罗　老实说陛下您不必害怕。咱们小时候 +谁会相信有山地人 +脖子像公牛似的喉咙挂着 +肉做的袋子92或是说有些人的 +头长在胸前如今我们发现 +每个远游归来的旅人93都会带给我们 +确凿的证据。 +阿隆佐　我要用餐即使 +这是我最后一顿。没关系反正我觉得 +最好的日子已成过去。弟弟、公爵大人 +过来用餐跟朕一样。 +雷鸣电闪。爱丽儿作鸟身女妖94形象上。他用翅膀拍桌然后通过巧妙的机关酒席消失 +爱丽儿　你们三个身负罪孽的人掌控 +下界以及其中万物的命运之神 +使那贪婪无厌的大海 +把你们吐出来。在这岛上 +这无人居住的荒岛——你们是 +世间最不配存活的人——我令你们 +发狂并且以疯狂之勇自己 +上吊、投水。你们是笨蛋我 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛与安东尼奥各自拔剑 +和我的伙伴乃天使神差。铸造 +你们剑的材质伤不了喧嚣的风 +可笑的刺戳也杀不死 +永远复合的水怎能减损 +我一根细羽毛我的神差伙伴 +同样刀枪不入。就算你们能够伤害 +你们的剑现在也太沉重凭你们的力气 +举不起来。但是要记住—— +因为这是我来的目的——你们三个 +把善良的普洛斯彼罗逐出米兰 +把他和他无辜的孩子丢到大海 +——海却救了他们。为那一桩恶行 +上天虽然延迟——并没忘记95—— +搅动大海与岸滩没错一切生灵 +使你们不得安宁。你的儿子阿隆佐 +他们已经夺走并且要我宣告 +凌迟的毁灭——尤惨于任何 +立即死亡——将会一步步临到 +你们和你们的前途上。想避免天怒 +在这荒凉无比的岛上降落 +你们头上唯有内心的忏悔 +以及日后革新的生活。 +他消失于雷声中。接着柔和的音乐声里那些怪物重上跳舞、扮鬼脸嘲弄搬走餐桌[离去] +普洛斯彼罗　你这鸟人体态扮演得高明 +我的爱丽儿吞吃得很优雅96。 +在你话里我的指示一样都没 +遗漏。同样地我那些低阶的 +精灵也以生动的方式认真完成 +他们各自的角色。我高明的法术奏效 +这些人我的仇敌乱成一团 +发了疯。他们如今在我掌控之中 +且任他们情急绝望我要去看看 +年轻的腓迪南——他们以为他淹死了—— +还有他跟我的宝贝。 +自高台下 +贡柴罗　我凭圣洁之物请问陛下您为何 +站在这里两眼发愣 +阿隆佐　啊恐怖恐怖 +我觉得波涛在说话把这事告诉我 +风声对着我唱这件事而雷鸣—— +那深沉可怕的风琴管——发出 +普洛斯彼罗的名字沉重宣告我的罪过。 +为此我儿子躺在海底污泥里 +我要到比铅锤所到更深之处 +去找他跟他共躺污泥里。 +下 +西巴斯辛　只要是一次对付一个魔鬼 +我可以把他们打得落花流水。 +安东尼奥　我来当你的帮手。 +[西巴斯辛与安东尼奥]下 +贡柴罗　他们三个都绝望了。他们的重罪 +像是久久之后才发作的毒药 +现在开始啃食他们的官能。我恳求 +你们——动作敏捷的——快快跟上去 +阻止他们因为太过激动 +而做出什么来。 +阿德里安　各位请跟我来。 +众人下 +第四幕 +第一场第八景 +普洛斯彼罗、腓迪南与米兰达上 +普洛斯彼罗　如果我对您97处罚过分严厉 +对腓迪南 +您得到的报偿足以弥补因为我 +已经给了您我生命中的重要部分 +也可说是我活下去的理由——我再次 +把她托付于你98。你受到的一切折磨 +不过是我在考验你的爱情而你 +完美地通过了测试。在此苍天为证 +我批准这份丰美的赠礼。腓迪南啊 +不要笑我如此夸她因为 +你会发现她将超越一切赞美 +使它跛足落在后面。 +腓迪南　我绝对相信即使神谕相反。 +普洛斯彼罗　那么把这当作我的礼物99以及你自己 +努力所应得的收下我的女儿吧。然而 +假如你竟先行打破她的贞操 +而不待所有圣洁仪式包括 +正式神圣的礼法都已完成 +上天绝不会洒下馨香的圣水 +来栽培这个婚姻倒是不孕的忿怒、 +酸楚的蔑视以及勃谿会以 +可憎的野草覆盖你们的喜床 +使你们两人都痛恨。因此要谨慎 +好让婚姻之神100光照你们。 +腓迪南　既有了 +现在这样的爱情我希望日子安稳 +子孙美好长命百岁最昏暗的洞穴、 +最方便的处所、我们劣根性 +最强烈的诱惑都绝不会融化 +我的荣誉成为肉欲夺走 +大喜之日无垢的欢庆——那一天 +我会觉得太阳神的骏马101跛腿 +不然就是黑夜被拘禁在下界。102 +普洛斯彼罗　说得好。 +那就坐下跟她谈话。她是你的了。 +腓迪南与米兰达坐下谈话 +现在爱丽儿我勤勉的仆人爱丽儿 +爱丽儿上 +爱丽儿　万能的主人有何吩咐我在这里。 +普洛斯彼罗　你和你手下的伙伴们前一件差事 +办得好我还得运用你们 +另做一件类似的把戏。去把那些家伙 +就是我授权你统管的带到这里。 +叫他们动作要快因为我必须 +让这对年轻人亲眼看看 +我巧妙的把戏。这是我的承诺 +他们对我有此期待。 +爱丽儿　立刻就要 +普洛斯彼罗　对一眨眼的工夫。 +爱丽儿　您还没说“来”啊“去” +“如此这般”讲两句 +个个精灵轻快跑 +早已噘嘴来报到。 +您要爱我好不好 +普洛斯彼罗　爱极了我灵巧的爱丽儿。听到 +我喊你才可以过来。 +爱丽儿　好我明白。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　你要有诚信。不可过度放肆 +对腓迪南 +调情再坚强的誓言碰到热血的 +火焰也如同干草。多节制点 +否则您就同誓言告别了。 +腓迪南　我向您保证大人 +我怀里纯白冰雪般的贞节103 +消除了我胸中104的激情。 +普洛斯彼罗　好。 +现在过来我的爱丽儿宁可多带些 +也别少带了精灵。现身快。 +不许作声注意看安静。105 +乐声轻柔。彩虹女神伊里斯106上107 +伊里斯　刻瑞斯108最丰饶的女神你肥美 +田地长满种种麦子和豆类109 +绿草覆盖你的山头供应群羊 +平坦草原遍布干草110将它们喂养 +你的河岸经过挖掘、围上树篱笆 +到湿答答的四月听你吩咐开花111 +给贞静水仙子做冠冕你的金雀花荫 +失恋的单身汉爱在那里藏隐 +疗养情伤你修剪过的葡萄园 +还有那岩石坚硬不毛之地的海边 +你去那里呼吸新鲜空气。我乃 +天后112的彩虹兼信使。她请你离开 +那些地方陪同淑德的天后 +朱诺从天而降 +乘坐车辇 +到这块草地来就在此恭候 +寻欢作乐。她的孔雀113飞得快。 +来呀富足的刻瑞斯将她款待。 +刻瑞斯上 +刻瑞斯　你好哇多彩的上界信使 +从不违背朱庇特114妻房的指示 +你橙红的翅膀为我的花卉 +洒下清凉的阵雨、甜美的露水 +你湛蓝弓柄的末端覆盖 +我起伏的山丘和树丛低矮 +是我灿烂大地的鲜艳披巾。 +你的天后为何召我来这矮草林 +伊里斯　为了祝贺一个真爱的婚约 +并且欣然奉赠礼品一些 +给幸福的俦侣。 +刻瑞斯　告诉我美丽的天虹 +维纳斯或她的儿子115你一定懂 +他们可正陪侍着天后自从他们设计 +让暗界的冥王116夺走我的爱女 +我就和她跟她那瞎眼儿子117断绝 +可耻的往来。 +伊里斯　不必害怕 +她来加入。我见到她的神驾 +穿过云层前往帕福斯118她儿子 +同她坐在鸽辇119上。原想在此 +对新人施些放浪的法术但白费 +功夫因为他们发过誓绝不会 +享受床笫之欢除非婚神火炬点燃120。 +战神淫荡的情妇于是折返 +她那动怒的儿子把自己的箭折断 +发誓不再发射只跟麻雀121玩 +单做个老实的男孩。 +刻瑞斯　至高的天后已到达 +伟大的朱诺看那风度122就知是她。 +朱诺下辇 +朱诺　我富饶的妹妹可好跟我去 +祝福这一对使他们兴旺富裕 +子孙耀祖光宗。 +朱诺　荣誉、财富、幸福姻缘 +两人唱 +日益增长不断绵延 +时时刻刻享受欢愉 +朱诺歌唱赐福于你。 +刻瑞斯　富足丰盈地物增产 +六畜兴旺五谷仓满 +葡萄成串发育成长 +结实累累果树兴旺。 +秋收才放入仓廪 +早春已翩然降临。 +匮乏贫穷躲得远远 +我刻瑞斯如此祝愿。 +腓迪南　这真是最为壮丽的幻景如此 +和谐美妙。我斗胆认为 +这些是精灵吧 +普洛斯彼罗　是精灵是我通过法术 +把他们从禁闭之处召来演出 +我此刻的憧憬。 +腓迪南　让我永远住在这里 +如此令人叹服的岳父并且明智 +使此地成为天堂。 +普洛斯彼罗　哎亲爱的安静 +朱诺和刻瑞斯正低声严肃交谈。 +还有别的事要办。嘘别出声 +否则会破坏我们的幻术。 +朱诺与刻瑞斯低语差派伊里斯去办事 +伊里斯　众位那伊阿得斯123水中仙家住小河蜿蜒 +一脸天真无邪头戴莎草冠冕 +离开你们潺潺的溪流回应 +呼召到此绿地这是朱诺的命令。 +来吧温柔贞静的水仙帮同庆祝 +一个真爱的婚约不得延误。 +若干水泽神女上 +众位八月的收割朋友晒得黑又累 +快离开犁沟到这儿快活一回。 +尽情欢乐唷把你们的麦草帽戴上 +人人找一位贞静的水仙姑娘 +跳一支乡下舞。 +数收割者穿着整齐上他们与水泽神女合跳一支优雅的舞。124快结束时普洛斯彼罗突然惊起说话。之后响起一阵奇特、深沉、混乱的声音众舞者缓缓消逝125 +普洛斯彼罗　我忘了凯列班那畜生和他的 +旁白 +同伙想害我性命的邪恶 +阴谋。他们策划的时刻 +就要到了。——演得好。离开吧够了 +对众精灵 +腓迪南　真是奇怪令尊情绪激动不安 +对米兰达 +深深扰乱了他。 +米兰达　在这之前我从没有 +见过他生气如此心神不宁。 +普洛斯彼罗　看来啊贤婿你真有点难过 +像是有些震惊。打起精神吧先生。 +盛会到此结束。我们这些演员 +我说过了都是精灵已经 +溶入空气之中溶入稀薄的空气 +而正如这场无根的幻景一般 +耸入云霄的高楼、华丽的宫殿、 +庄严的庙宇、伟大的地球126本身 +不错它所有的一切都将消逝 +就像这场虚渺的盛会逐渐隐没 +不着一点儿痕迹。我们的本质 +跟梦境一样我们短暂的生命 +到头来以睡眠结束。先生我心烦恼 +原谅我的软弱我头脑混乱 +别因为我的弱点而受到干扰。 +喜欢的话就到我的洞穴 +休息吧。我要走动走动 +平复我怦然的心。 +腓迪南和米兰达　祝福您安宁。 +[腓迪南与米兰达]下 +普洛斯彼罗　转念就到。谢谢你爱丽儿。来 +爱丽儿上 +爱丽儿　你一动念我就回应。你有何吩咐 +普洛斯彼罗　精灵咱们得准备去见凯列班。 +爱丽儿　是我的指挥官。我演出刻瑞斯的时候 +就想要告诉你这件事却又怕 +会惹你生气。 +普洛斯彼罗　再说一遍你把这些混蛋丢在哪儿了 +爱丽儿　我报告过您大人他们喝得通红 +勇气十足向空气挥拳 +怪它吹拂他们的脸向土地顿足 +怪它亲吻他们的脚。不过一直在 +进行他们的计划。然后我打起小鼓 +这时他们像未驯服的小马竖直耳朵 +张开眼皮翘起鼻子好像在 +嗅音乐似的。他们的耳朵陶醉极了 +居然像牛犊一般随着我的哞叫穿过 +锐利多刺的荆棘、荆豆、金雀枝、蒺藜 +这些个戳入他们柔弱的小腿。最后把他们 +丢进您洞穴后面污泥烂草覆盖的池子里 +在那里淹到下巴手舞足蹈搅得臭水池 +比他们的脚还臭。 +普洛斯彼罗　办得好哇我的小鸟127。 +你还是继续隐藏身形。 +我屋里中看不中用的玩意儿去拿过来 +好诱捕这些贼。 +爱丽儿　我去我去。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　魔鬼天生的魔鬼对他的本性 +教化根本是白搭。我对他煞费苦心 +本乎善意所做的一切全都枉然徒劳。 +而就如他的身体越长越丑陋 +他的心也越恶毒。我要折磨他们直到 +呼天抢地。来把这些挂在这菩提树上。 +爱丽儿扛着炫亮的衣物等上 +爱丽儿挂衣物 +凯列班、斯丹法诺与特林鸠罗全身湿透上 +普洛斯彼罗与爱丽儿退至一旁 +凯列班　拜托脚步轻些免得这只瞎眼的鼹鼠听到脚步声。咱们现在快到他的洞窟了。 +斯丹法诺　怪物啊您128那小妖精129您说他没有恶意却充分耍弄了我们。 +特林鸠罗　怪物啊到现在我闻到的全是马尿我的鼻子很愤怒。 +斯丹法诺　我的也是。您听到没有怪物俺要是对您不爽您可就—— +特林鸠罗　你可就是倒了大霉的怪物。 +凯列班　我的好主人你要永远恩宠我。 +忍耐点我给你带来的战利品 +足以遮盖这不幸。所以说话轻声些 +像在半夜那样安静。 +特林鸠罗　好但是把咱们的酒瓶丢在池子里 +斯丹法诺　那不只是羞耻兼丢人怪物还是绝大的损失。 +特林鸠罗　那对我来说比全身湿透还严重。怪物这就是您没有恶意的小妖精。 +斯丹法诺　我要去把我的酒瓶找回来就算因此淹过耳朵130也要。 +凯列班　拜托陛下安静。你看这里 +这就是洞口了。不要做声进去。 +去干那件大好的坏事好使这岛 +永远属于你我也是你的凯列班 +一辈子做你的舔脚人。 +斯丹法诺　手伸过来。131我开始有杀人的念头了。 +特林鸠罗　啊斯丹法诺国王啊贵人啊尊荣的斯丹法诺你看这儿有何等的衣裳要给你132 +看见衣裳 +凯列班　别理会你这笨蛋。这只是垃圾。 +特林鸠罗　哦呵怪物啊我们知道二手衣铺的货色。133啊斯丹法诺国王 +穿上一礼服 +斯丹法诺　把那件脱下特林鸠罗。我举手发誓我要那件袍子。 +特林鸠罗　这是陛下的。 +凯列班　让水肿把这笨蛋淹死。你们什么意思 +这样迷恋这些累赘不要管 +先把谋杀的事干了。要是他醒过来 +他会掐我们全身皮肤从脚趾到头顶 +把我们变成怪物。 +斯丹法诺　请您安静怪物。——绳线夫人这不是我的紧身上衣吗现在紧身衣在线下面了。现在紧身衣您可会脱毛成了无毛紧身衣。134 +取下来 +特林鸠罗　好好。报告陛下咱们偷东西是有准绳的135。 +斯丹法诺　谢谢你这个玩笑。这件衣裳给你只要我当这里的国王才智不会没有奖赏的。“偷东西有准绳”这话说得妙。再给你一件。 +递给特林鸠罗一衣裳 +递给他另一件 +特林鸠罗　怪物来把您的手指涂些胶把其他的都拿去。 +凯列班　我一件都不要。我们会错过时间了。 +大家都变成呆鹅或是大猩猩136 +额头矮得丑陋。 +斯丹法诺　怪物动动您的手指把这些搬到我放大酒桶的地方不然俺就把你赶出俺的王国。快把这拿走。 +特林鸠罗　还有这个。 +他们把衣裳堆在凯列班身上 +斯丹法诺　对还有这个。 +猎户追猎声。精灵数人扮成猎狗上在普洛斯彼罗和爱丽儿嗾使下追得他们满场跑 +普洛斯彼罗　嘿大山嘿 +爱丽儿　白银那边去了白银 +普洛斯彼罗　愤怒愤怒那边暴君那边。听好听好 +凯列班、斯丹法诺与特林鸠罗被逐下 +去命令我的小妖精折磨他们 +对爱丽儿 +使关节抽筋使他们的肌腱像 +老人那样痉挛把他们掐得斑斑乌青 +多过豹子或山猫。 +爱丽儿　听啊他们在狂叫。 +普洛斯彼罗　让他们被追猎个痛快。此刻 +所有仇家都任凭我摆布。 +我的一切工作即将结束而你 +将会有自由的空气。暂时呢 +跟过来替我做点事。 +同下 +第五幕 +第一场第九景 +普洛斯彼罗着法师袍与爱丽儿上 +普洛斯彼罗　现在我的计划即将完成。 +我的法术没有失败精灵听话 +时间大人也走得稳当。几点了 +爱丽儿　六点。这个时候我的主人 +您说过我们的工作应当结束。 +普洛斯彼罗　我是说过 +在我掀起暴风雨的时候。说说看 +精灵国王和他的随从怎样啦 +爱丽儿　都关在一起 +就照着您离开他们时 +吩咐的样子都是囚犯大人 +在遮蔽您洞窟的菩提树林里。 +除非您释放他们动弹不得。国王、 +王弟、令弟三人还继续发疯 +其他人为他们哀伤 +忧愁惶恐泪眼盈眶特别是 +大人您称为老好阁下贡柴罗的那位。 +他的泪水淌到胡须像冬天水滴 +从茅草屋檐落下。您的法术大大影响 +他们若是您现在见到他们您的心肠 +会变得柔软。 +普洛斯彼罗　你这样认为精灵 +爱丽儿　我是会的大人如果我是个人。 +普洛斯彼罗　我当然会。 +你不过是空气都有感觉同情 +他们的苦楚难道我自己 +他们的一个同类能够深切 +感同身受的人不比你更能同情 +尽管他们罪大恶极令我痛心疾首 +我还是站在高贵理智这边 +压抑怒火难能可贵的举动是 +善行而不是复仇。他们既已悔悟 +我想达到的唯一目的里就不再增添 +怒气。去去释放他们爱丽儿 +我的法术我要解除他们的知觉我要恢复 +让他们变回原来的自己。 +爱丽儿　我去带他们来大人。 +下 +普洛斯彼罗　你们这些小精灵听好了无论你们 +是在山丘、溪流、静湖、树丛里 +是退潮时在沙滩追逐海神 +不留足迹但他一回来就逃窜 +是月光下弄出母羊不肯吃的 +绿色酸味“小仙圈137”还是以 +制作“半夜蘑菇138”为消遣一听到 +晚钟139就欢欣鼓舞的——你们虽然 +能力不强但我靠着各位帮助 +曾遮蔽正午的太阳呼召叛逆的风 +在碧绿大海和湛蓝天空之间 +发动咆哮的战争140。恐怖轰隆的雷 +我给它火力141用乔武自己的闪电 +劈开他坚实的橡树142。牢固的海角 +我使它震动把松树杉树连根 +拔起。坟墓听我的命令唤醒 +长眠的人张开口借着我高强的 +法力放他们出来。但这粗暴的法术 +普洛斯彼罗以杖在地上画一圆圈 +我在这里发誓弃绝。等我宣召了 +天界的音乐——我现在就召唤—— +让空中精灵的魔法作用在他们的感官 +以达成我的目的我就要折断法杖 +把它埋在地下几143深处 +并把法书沉入测锤未曾 +测度的深深海底。 +肃穆乐声起爱丽儿首先上场接着是阿隆佐发狂状贡柴罗一旁照顾西巴斯辛与安东尼奥亦然由阿德里安和弗兰西斯科照顾。一行人走进普洛斯彼罗画好的圈子着魔地站在那里。普洛斯彼罗见状说道 +愿肃穆的音乐胡思乱想症 +对阿隆佐 +最有效的抚慰医治你的头脑 +它如今毫无用处在你脑壳里沸腾—— +站好别动你们被符咒镇住了。 +对西巴斯辛与安东尼奥 +可敬的贡柴罗正人君子 +对贡柴罗 +我的眼睛看到你眼睛的样子 +也落下同情的泪。——符咒迅速消除 +旁白 +犹如早晨悄悄追上夜晚 +融化了黑暗他们渐醒的知觉 +也开始驱走笼罩他们清醒理智的 +昏昧瘴气。——善良的贡柴罗啊 +我真正的救命恩人也是陛下的 +忠诚侍臣我会以言词和行动 +充分答谢你的恩惠。——残酷极了 +阿隆佐你对待我和我的女儿 +你弟弟是那件事的帮凶。—— +因此你现在受苦西巴斯辛。——同胞血肉啊 +对安东尼奥 +您144我的兄弟因为野心勃勃 +抛弃了怜悯与手足之情。跟西巴斯辛—— +这人的良心因此145最受煎熬—— +差一点杀害你们的国君。我要饶恕你 +尽管你泯灭人性。他们的理解力 +开始增长如涨潮般即将 +淹没此刻仍然污秽泥泞的 +理性海岸。他们没有一个 +在看着我或是认得我。爱丽儿 +把我洞里那帽子和配剑146拿来。 +我要脱下衣服还我原来 +米兰公爵的面貌。快去精灵 +你不久就会自由了。 +爱丽儿取了帽和剑立返 +爱丽儿唱着歌帮他穿衣 +爱丽儿　蜜蜂吸蜜处我也去饮啜 +金钟花儿里我轻松高卧。 +悠然休息静听猫头鹰。 +骑着蝙蝠我四处飞行 +追逐夏日逍遥游。 +逍遥啊逍遥从今以后 +尽情在枝头花下享受。 +普洛斯彼罗　啊真是我灵巧的爱丽儿。我会怀念 +你但一定会给你自由。嗯好好。147 +整理着装 +去国王船上还是这样隐形。 +你会发现水手们熟睡 +在舱口下船长和水手长 +醒着。催他们来这儿 +立刻就去拜托。 +爱丽儿　我会吞灭阻挡的空气在您 +脉搏跳不到两次之前回来。 +下 +贡柴罗　一切磨难、苦恼、诧异、惊吓 +全在这里。求上天神力引导我们 +离开这恐怖的国度 +普洛斯彼罗　请看国王大人 +受到委屈的米兰公爵普洛斯彼罗。 +为了更能证明是个活着的亲王 +在跟你148说话我拥抱你的身体 +并且向你和你的随员表达 +拥抱他 +由衷的欢迎。 +阿隆佐　你究竟是不是他 +还是什么幻象要来欺虐我—— +像不久前那样——我不知道。你的脉搏 +跳动如同血肉之躯。自从见了你 +我心头的痛苦渐渐消去只怕那是 +原先使我疯狂的。这一切——如果 +确实是真的——必然有个最奇特的故事。 +你的公国我放弃149也诚心恳求 +你饶恕我的过犯。但普洛斯彼罗怎么会 +活着而且在这里 +普洛斯彼罗　首先尊贵的朋友 +对贡柴罗 +容我拥抱你老人家你的忠诚 +浩瀚无可量度。 +贡柴罗　这是真的 +还是假的我不敢发誓保证。 +普洛斯彼罗　你们还受到 +岛上一些魔幻的影响因此无法 +相信真实事物。欢迎各位朋友。—— +可是你们我的两位大人我若有意 +旁白。对西巴斯辛与安东尼奥 +现在就可以教陛下龙颜大怒 +证明你们是叛逆在这个时候 +我不要举发。 +西巴斯辛　是魔鬼在他里面说话。 +旁白。对安东尼奥但被普洛斯彼罗听见 +普洛斯彼罗　不是。—— +至于您150邪恶透顶的大人称你为兄弟 +对安东尼奥 +甚至会玷污我的嘴我真心原谅 +你最卑鄙的过犯——一切过犯——并要求 +你归还我的公国这我知道 +你必须归还。 +阿隆佐　你若真是普洛斯彼罗 +请详细告诉我们你是如何保命 +怎么在这里与我们相遇三小时前 +我们在这岸边遇难我失去了—— +这记忆的刺多么锐利—— +我的爱子腓迪南。 +普洛斯彼罗　我替你难过大人。 +阿隆佐　无可弥补的损失连忍耐女神 +都说她无法治疗。 +普洛斯彼罗　我倒是认为 +您151没有寻求她的帮助。我有同样的 +损失我获得她慈悲高明的救援 +已经心甘情愿。 +阿隆佐　您有同样的损失 +普洛斯彼罗　一样大也一样才发生而且 +比起您能呼求来安慰您的 +我更是一筹莫展152因为我 +失去了我的女儿。 +阿隆佐　女儿 +天哪他们若是都住在那不勒斯当 +国王和王后该多好这事若能成真 +我宁愿自己一身污泥埋在我儿现今躺卧的 +湿软海底。您什么时候失去女儿的 +普洛斯彼罗　在刚才的暴风雨里。我看诸位大人 +对这场相遇大为惊讶 +完全失去了理智无法相信 +亲眼所见为真连一句话 +都说不出。不过无论你们 +如何失去理性要确知 +我是普洛斯彼罗就是被赶出 +米兰的那个公爵他不可思议地 +登陆在你们遇难的此岸 +当了它的统治者。这事暂且不表 +因为故事说来话长 +不是一顿早餐报告得完也不 +适合这第一次见面的场合。欢迎王上 +这个洞穴是我的宫廷里面扈从无几 +外头更无臣民。请您向里探看。 +我的公国您既然归还于我 +我要以等值的美物回报 +至少拿出一件可赞叹的153来满足您 +一如我的公国满足我。 +这时普洛斯彼罗展现出在下棋的腓迪南和米兰达 +米兰达　亲爱的大人您作弊。 +腓迪南　没有我的最爱 +给我整个世界我都不会。 +米兰达　会的为了二十个王国您就应该 +而我会说很公道。 +阿隆佐　假如这竟是 +岛上的一个幻象一个亲爱的儿子 +我将失去两回。 +西巴斯辛　一个至高无比的奇迹。 +腓迪南　大海虽然来势汹汹其实很仁慈。 +我没来由地诅咒了它。 +跪地 +阿隆佐　现在愿一个 +快乐父亲的祝福完全环绕着你。 +起来说说你怎么到这儿的。 +米兰达　奇妙啊 +有这么多光彩的生物在这儿 +人类何其美华丽新世界啊 +竟有这等人物在其中。 +普洛斯彼罗　是你没见过。 +阿隆佐　跟你下棋的这位少女是什么人 +对腓迪南 +你们认识还不到三个小时吧。 +她可是那位把我们分散 +又这样使我们重逢的女神 +腓迪南　父王她是凡人 +然而靠着非凡的天意她是我的了。 +我属意她的时候未能征询父亲的 +意见也以为父亲不在人世。她 +是这位大名鼎鼎米兰公爵的女儿 +我以前常听到公爵的崇隆声望 +但从未见过。从他那里我领受了 +第二次生命而这位淑女使他成为 +我第二个父亲154。 +阿隆佐　而我是她的公公。 +但是啊说来多么奇怪我 +竟然必须请求我的孩子饶恕。155 +普洛斯彼罗　好王上到此为止。 +我们别再拿过去的沉痛来压迫 +我们的记忆。 +贡柴罗　我内心在哭泣 +否则早开口了。众神哪请垂看下界 +投一顶蒙福的王冠给这一对。 +因为是你们标明了道路 +带引我们到这里。 +阿隆佐　我说阿门156贡柴罗。 +贡柴罗　米兰公爵被逐出米兰竟是为了使他的后裔 +世世代代成为那不勒斯的国君啊 +欢喜庆祝非比寻常还要用黄金 +铭刻在不朽的柱石上。只一趟旅途 +克拉丽贝尔在突尼斯找到夫君 +她弟弟腓迪南在自己落难之处 +找到妻子普洛斯彼罗在贫瘠小岛 +得回公国而我们全体心神丧失之际 +找回了自己。 +阿隆佐　伸出你们的手来 +对腓迪南与米兰达 +谁要是不祝福你们愿哀伤和愁苦 +永远包围他的心。 +贡柴罗　愿是如此。阿门 +爱丽儿上船主与水手长随上神色惊诧 +啊看陛下看陛下还有我们的人 +我发过预言若陆地上还有绞刑架 +这家伙不能淹死。——现在臭嘴巴 +对水手长 +在船上诅咒神明上了岸一句脏话都没啦 +在陆地上就没有嘴啦有什么消息 +水手长　最好的消息是咱们平安地见到 +王上和全体随从。其次咱们的船 +三小时之前才宣告破裂的 +如今坚固完好配备齐全就像 +咱们刚出海时那样。 +爱丽儿　大人这一切 +旁白。对普洛斯彼罗 +都是我走后做的。 +普洛斯彼罗　好巧妙的精灵 +旁白。对爱丽儿 +阿隆佐　这些事情不合常理变得越发 +奇怪了。说你们怎么到这儿的 +水手长　陛下俺要是认为自己当时神志清醒 +自当尽力报告。咱们睡得死死的 +而且——也不知怎么搞的——都关在舱底 +在那儿不久前听到各种奇怪声响 +吼叫、尖叫、嚎叫、铁链叮当、 +还有种种更多的声音都很吓人 +咱们就被吵醒立刻自由了157。 +在那儿咱们一身漂亮衣裳158重新见到 +咱们富丽堂皇的王船咱们的船长 +见了就跳起舞来。不一会儿可以说 +像做梦一般咱们就跟他们分开 +茫茫然被带到这儿。 +爱丽儿　干得好吧 +旁白。对普洛斯彼罗 +普洛斯彼罗　好极了我的好帮手。会让你自由的。 +旁白。对爱丽儿 +阿隆佐　这是人走过最奇怪的迷阵了 +这件事情里有些是超乎自然 +所能指挥的必须有神谕 +来导正我们的知识。 +普洛斯彼罗　大人陛下 +不要让您的心智老是想着 +这件事的奇异。找一个闲暇—— +那个时候不久就会有——我再来向您 +解说发生的这一切让您听了 +觉得合理。在那之前请开开心心 +把每件事情往好处想。——过来精灵 +旁白。对爱丽儿 +去释放凯列班和他那一伙 +解除魔法。—— +爱丽儿下 +陛下可好 +对阿隆佐 +您的随员当中还有几个怪胎 +失踪您已经记不得了。 +爱丽儿驱赶着身穿偷来衣服的凯列班、斯丹法诺、特林鸠罗上 +斯丹法诺　人人都要照顾众人不可有人照顾自己159因为一切都是命运。要勇敢怪物老兄勇敢 +特林鸠罗　如果我头上的眼睛是真的这个场面可不得了。 +凯列班　赛得玻160啊这些个才真是好看的精灵 +我的主人穿得多帅气啊161我只怕 +他要责打我。 +西巴斯辛　哈哈 +这些个是什么东西啊安东尼奥大人 +能卖钱吗162 +安东尼奥　很有可能。其中一个 +根本是鱼毫无疑问有市场价值。 +普洛斯彼罗　只要看这些人的制服各位大人 +然后说他们是否老实。163这个丑八怪 +他的母亲是巫婆法力高强到 +能够控制月亮指挥潮汐 +已经超乎月球不需靠它的力量。 +这三个偷了我的东西这半个妖魔—— +因为他是个杂种164——跟他们算计着 +要害我性命。其中两个家伙您 +一定认得得承认是您的。这个妖怪嘛我 +承认是我的。 +凯列班　我会被捏死。 +阿隆佐　这个不是斯丹法诺我酗酒的司膳官吗 +西巴斯辛　他现在喝醉了。他哪儿来的酒 +阿隆佐　特林鸠罗也摇摇晃晃。他们在哪儿 +找到这等美酒使他们红光满面 +你们怎么泡成这德行165 +对特林鸠罗 +特林鸠罗　从上次见到您我就一直泡成这样恐怕泡到骨子里了。我不必担心苍蝇下蛋166啦。 +西巴斯辛　唉怎么啦斯丹法诺 +斯丹法诺　啊别碰我。我不是斯丹法诺只是个拱背虾167。 +普洛斯彼罗　您想在岛上称王啊小子 +斯丹法诺　那我会是个痛苦的168王。 +阿隆佐　这是我从未见过的怪东西。 +指着凯列班 +普洛斯彼罗　他的品行不良一如他的 +相貌丑陋。去小子到我的洞穴 +带着您169的伙伴如果您希望 +我的宽恕把洞穴好好整理一番。 +凯列班　是我会照办。而且今后要变聪明 +寻求恩典。我真是个天大的170笨驴 +竟把这个醉汉当作神明 +还崇拜这个没脑的傻瓜171 +普洛斯彼罗　好啦快去 +阿隆佐　去把你们的行李放回找来的地方。 +西巴斯辛　该说是偷来的地方。 +凯列班、斯丹法诺与特林鸠罗下 +普洛斯彼罗　陛下我邀请您和您的随从 +到我简陋的洞窟今晚在那里歇息 +一宿其中一些时间我会用来 +讲述相信会使这个夜晚 +过得很快的故事我来到 +这岛上之后的生活以及 +特殊的经历。到了早晨 +我会带您上船随即回那不勒斯 +希望在那里看到这一对 +我们深爱的人完成婚礼 +我再从那里回到我的米兰 +时时默想死亡172。 +阿隆佐　我渴望 +聆听您的生命故事那必然 +非常奇妙动听。 +普洛斯彼罗　我会详细诉说 +并且保证让您浪静风顺 +航行迅速可以追得上 +您遥远的王家船队173。——我的爱丽儿小乖 +那是你的任务然后回到空中 +自由自在祝福你。——各位请进。 +[除普洛斯彼罗外]众人下174 +普洛斯彼罗朗读收场白 +现在我已毫无法力 +所余力气都属自己 +微弱无比。确确实实 +你可把我囚禁于此 +或是送往那不勒斯。 +我既然已饶恕骗子、 +收回公国请别叫我 +为君罚咒荒岛流落 +有请各位鼓掌欢欣 +释放在下免受囚禁。 +看官好评有如和风 +助我扬帆计划成功 +因我一心讨君喜悦。 +精灵法术今我两缺 +结局乃是希望失落 +除非祷告使我解脱 +祈祷有效直达上天 +得神垂怜免我罪愆。 +诸位但愿得赦过尤 +就请宽容放我自由。 +等待鼓掌 +下 +注释 +1　译文中的脚注若是采自原版不另说明若是译者自注或参考其他版本所得则于脚注后注明为“译者附注”。译者的脚注参考版本如下Stephen Greenblatt, ed., The Tempest, in Stephen Greenblatt, gen. ed., The Norton Shakespeare New York and London: W. W. Norton, 1997; Stephen Orgel, ed., The Tempest Oxford and New York: Oxford UP, 1994; and J. H. Walter, ed., The Tempest London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1966, reprinted 1984. +2　有俗语说he that is born to be hanged shall never be drowned注定要被绞死的绝不会被淹死。 +3　流个不停的unstanched滥交的性欲无法满足的随时有月经的。 +4　普洛斯彼罗原文Prospero源于拉丁文意为“促使成功”在西班牙文及意大利文中其意为“幸运、昌盛”。 +5　米兰达原文Miranda源于拉丁文意为“感到惊讶”作为女性人名意为“她是被赞叹的”。 +6　天火fire指闪电。 +7　人文素养原文liberal arts指中世纪的七种学问文法、逻辑、修辞、音乐、天文、几何、算术。 +8　公爵戴的是小王冠coronet代表低于君主的身份。——译者附注 +9　这算不算是兄弟原文If this might be a brother可以有两种解读1这是一个兄弟该有的行为吗2我会是这种人的兄弟吗 +10　原文Did us but loving wrong意指海风虽有怜悯之心却把我们吹向大海。 +11　现在我要起来了Now I will arise除了指普洛斯彼罗起身的动作也暗示下文所说他的命运由剥而复否极泰来。——译者附注 +12　我亲爱的夫人my dear lady指命运之神传统上认为命运之神是善变的女神。 +13　全力以赴call his qualityquality指skills技能也可指other spirits其他精灵。 +14　乔武Jove即朱庇特Jupiter希腊神话中的众神之王。 +15　露dew露水是魔法药方常用的原料。 +16　两个沙漏钟two glasses两小时所以此时大约是下午两点钟。 +17　蠢货dull thing可能指凯列班或爱丽儿。 +18　西南风southwest据说西南风会带来潮湿、病毒滋生的空气。 +19　刺猬urchins或为精灵扮的刺猬。 +20　莓果berries或为酿淡酒的葡萄或杜松子可做杜松子酒。 +21　赛得玻Setebos据16世纪旅游文学记载其为南美洲巴塔哥尼亚人Patagonian的神明之一。 +22　五等于30英尺。 +23　啊惊为天人原文O you wonder暗指米兰达名字的拉丁文原义mirandus亦即wonderful。 +24　意指“你是人类”或“你是未婚处女”。 +25　孤家寡人原文a single thing可理解为1孤单一人2未婚3同一个人即那不勒斯国王。 +26　他、我都是指腓迪南自己。他以为父王已死所以自己是国王即他听得见自己说话。 +27　别处没有再提到安东尼奥的儿子。也许莎士比亚忘了或删掉了此角色但遗漏了此处。 +28　亦即“你弄错了自己的身份”。 +29　神庙temple意指腓迪南的身躯。 +30　淡水河蚌不可食。 +31　本行原文为He's gentle, and not fearful也可以解释为他是贵族不会怯懦。——译者附注 +32　叽喳……橘茶原文里阿隆佐要贡柴罗“安静peace”西巴斯辛故意把peace 听成 peas豌豆就说国王把安慰当作冷炖菜cold porridge。译文稍作更动以存其趣。——译者附注 +33　难过原文为dolour与上句的dollar发音近似但直译无法存其趣因此翻译略作更动。——译者附注 +34　一笑a laughter从谚语he wins that laughs赌赢者笑而来。 +35　大多数辑注者认为这一句和下一句的说话者应该对调即安东尼奥打赌赢了所以笑了但也可能是西巴斯辛在笑阿德里安所说的话看似无人居住——肯定无人居住吧并以此笑清偿了赌资。 +36　安东尼奥把“怡人temperance”当作女人名字。 +37　意指贡柴罗衣服上至少有个口袋是脏的。——译者附注 +38　寡妇狄多狄多Dido是古代迦太基女王爱上埃涅阿斯Aeneas见弃后自杀。下一句中安东尼奥反对称被抛弃的女人为寡妇但狄多遇见埃涅阿斯时确实是寡居。 +39　埃涅阿斯的妻子在特洛伊陷落时死去所以他也确实是鳏夫。 +40　突尼斯距离迦太基十英里迦太基覆亡后突尼斯成为该地区最重要的城市。 +41　希腊神话里安菲翁Amphion的竖琴音使底比斯Thebes的城墙自己重建起来但没有建造房屋。 +42　贡柴罗是对阿德里安确认突尼斯就是迦太基下一句中安东尼奥嘲笑他等这么久才回答。——译者附注 +43　指损失了王子腓迪南。 +44　这些都是寻常植物或野草。 +45　贡柴罗这段话源自约翰·弗洛里奥1603年翻译的蒙田散文《论食人部族》可参见“导言”。 +46　俗谚认为无所事事闲散易起淫心。——译者附注 +47　意思是既无性欲何须婚姻又婚姻也是一种契约。——译者附注 +48　黄金时代golden age指古典神话中最早期的田园生活。 +49　摸黑去捕鸟原文go a-batfowling意指捕捉休眠中的鸟引申为“欺骗”。 +50　静海standing water涨潮与退潮之间的平静海洋。 +51　遗传的迟钝hereditary sloth指本性疏懒或作为国王之弟的身份。 +52　贡柴罗是枢密大臣职责就是劝谏进言。 +53　生命尽头三十英里外意指一辈子还不够。——译者附注 +54　西巴斯辛贵为王弟一向以“你thou”称呼安东尼奥。此段对话里用“您you”是个例外或有讽刺之意。——译者附注 +55　腕尺cubit古时一种量度相当于自肘至中指端的长度约20英寸。 +56　特林鸠罗Trinculo此名或从意大利文trincare拼命喝而来。 +57　在伦敦有时大众会付钱观看美洲印第安人。 +58　您斯丹法诺的敬语是讽刺的用法。——译者附注 +59　来自俗谚Ale will make a cat speak酒能使猫讲话。 +60　原文Amen阿门本是祈祷时的结尾语。斯丹法诺在此指凯列班的第一张嘴已经喝够可以结束。——译者附注 +61　长汤匙long spoon来自俗谚He should have a long spoon that sups with the devil跟魔鬼吃饭得有长汤匙。这句谚语意指跟坏人要保持距离。 +62　特林鸠罗的腿大概比凯列班的短。 +63　斯丹法诺从凯列班两腿间拉出特林鸠罗所以说他是便便。 +64　亲这《圣经》原文kiss the book 指亲吻《圣经》以证实誓言也暗指习语kiss the cup亦即“再来一杯”。 +65　女主人mistress即米兰达。 +66　根据民间传说月亮里的那个人原是因为违法在礼拜天收集柴火他的矮树丛才跟他的狗一起被贬到月亮。 +67　猪头原文puppy-headed意指愚蠢。 +68　小山羊原文young scamels其中scamels疑为seamews海鸥或shamois山羊之误。 +69　另外找人吧这是对普洛斯彼罗说的。——译者附注 +70　忘了forget指忘了工作。 +71　流泪weep指木柴燃烧时流出水分或树脂。 +72　见第一幕第二场米兰达初上场时的注解。——译者附注 +73　我的爱原文good friendfriend 意为情人。 +74　生下来的原文that which breeds可理解为1两人之间生发的爱情2两人生下来的孩子。 +75　婢女原文 maid可有两种理解1处女即终身不嫁2婢女。 +76　在莎士比亚时代结婚不必有证人婚礼不必在教堂举行。所以米兰达和腓迪南两人的交谈即可构成婚姻。——译者附注 +77　亦即喝得讲不出话了。——译者附注 +78　掌旗官原文standard即 flag-bearer也可以指“直立的人”见下面一行。 +79　跑run从战场逃跑。 +80　一般认为喝酒能壮胆。——译者附注 +81　天大的怪谎原文monstrous lie。monstrous也可以指“极大的huge”。特林鸠罗认为凯列班一半是鱼一半是怪所以只能撒一半的谎。——译者附注 +82　凯列班正在学习官场的语言。——译者附注 +83　插科打诨的猴儿原文jesting monkey意有所指因为特林鸠罗是弄臣jester。——译者附注 +84　这个东西this thing指特林鸠罗但也可能指凯列班自己。——译者附注 +85　一如《圣经》里雅亿Jael将橛子钉入西西拉Sisera的耳鬓将他杀死。见《士师记》第4章第21节——译者附注 +86　弄臣穿花衣服。 +87　“莫有人”原文picture of Nobody是出现在17世纪许多印刷品上的一个有头、手、脚但长裤穿到脖子上看不到身躯的木刻人像。——译者附注 +88　死翘翘宿债了原文 He that dies pays all debts源于俗语 Death pays all debtsdeath 发音近debts斯丹法诺用来自我安慰。——译者附注 +89　斯丹法诺的勇气立即崩溃。或许爱丽儿有什么动作吓到了他。——译者附注 +90　指王子腓迪南。——译者附注 +91　原文Praise in departing为谚语意即“等事情完全结束时再赞美也不迟”。 +92　可能是患甲状腺肿的人。——译者附注 +93　远游归来的旅人原文putter-out of five for one指远游者出发前交给经纪人一笔钱若是能回来并且能证明确实到过目的地则可以得到五倍的钱否则该笔金额归经纪人。putter-out指经纪人或旅人。 +94　鸟身女妖harpy古希腊神话中的一种妖头和身子似女人长有翅膀和鸟爪有时被当作神圣复仇的使者。 +95　参照俗谚God stays long but strikes at last神耐心等候但终会出手类似“不是不报时候未到”的说法。——译者附注 +96　吞吃得很优雅原文是a grace it had, devouring原注解释devouring为all-consuming强烈的但也指出可能爱丽儿在演出中吃了酒席里的食物devour本义为吞噬。有些版本在had之后没有逗号并认为爱丽儿在拍翅膀的时候制造出吞吃酒席的假象。——译者附注 +97　您you贵族之间客气的称呼。——译者附注 +98　你thy普洛斯彼罗开始以比较亲昵的“你”称呼准女婿。——译者附注 +99　当作我的礼物本版原文作as my guest作为我的客人但其他版本多作as my gift更为通顺今从之。——译者附注 +100　婚姻之神即亥门Hymen希腊、罗马神话里的婚姻之神通常以身着黄袍、手提火炬的男子为象征。 +101　希腊神话中太阳神福玻斯Phoebus驾驭着马车行过天际。 +102　腓迪南想象新婚之日他会迫不及待地期待夜晚降临。——译者附注 +103　指米兰达的贞静纯洁。此时米兰达可能埋首在腓迪南怀中。——译者附注 +104　我胸中原文my liver我肝脏。当时的人认为肝脏是性欲所在之处。 +105　必须保持安静法术才能成功。——译者附注 +106　伊里斯Iris彩虹女神兼为诸神之信使。 +107　以下这一段假面戏masque盛会诸仙的台词与歌词均以双行体韵文couplet为主有别于本剧主要使用的无韵诗blank verse。——译者附注 +108　刻瑞斯Ceres是掌管收获及土地之女神。 +109　种种麦子和豆类原文列出小麦、黑麦、大麦、野豌豆、燕麦和豌豆。此处为求押韵稍作更动。——译者附注 +110　干草原文stover即指干草hay为牛羊冬天的食物。 +111　俗语有April showers bring forth May flowers四月雨五月花之说。——译者附注 +112　天后queen即朱诺Juno。 +113　孔雀peacocks是朱诺的圣禽替她驾车。 +114　朱庇特Jupiter罗马神话中的天王亦称乔武相当于希腊神话中的宙斯Zeus。——译者附注 +115　维纳斯Venus是爱神她的儿子是丘比特Cupid。 +116　暗界的冥王dusky Dis指冥界之主普路同Pluto他靠着维纳斯和丘比特的帮助绑架了刻瑞斯的女儿普洛塞尔庇娜Proserpine到阴间当他的王后每年在那里陪他半载。 +117　爱神丘比特是瞎子。 +118　帕福斯Paphos位于塞浦路斯Cyprus是维纳斯崇拜者之城。 +119　鸽辇鸽子doves是爱神之鸟负责替维纳斯驾车。 +120　象征婚礼完成。 +121　麻雀sparrow一般认为是淫乱的鸟。 +122　朱诺以风度高雅知名。——译者附注 +123　那伊阿得斯Naiads水泽神女water nymphs。 +124　男女跳舞象征结合与和睦。这里的水泽神女代表贞节收割者代表繁殖力。——译者附注 +125　盛会结束回到主戏同时不再使用韵文回归无韵诗为主的对白。——译者附注 +126　地球globe双关语指世界也指莎士比亚剧团的环球剧场the Globe Theatre。 +127　小鸟原文bird爱称。——译者附注 +128　您you斯丹法诺一改口吻以敬语“您”称呼凯列班语气嘲讽、威胁兼而有之。——译者附注 +129　小妖精fairy指爱丽儿。 +130　淹过耳朵o'er ears也可解为“淹死”。— 译者附注 +131　斯丹法诺可能跟凯列班握手承诺或是扶起匍匐的凯列班。——译者附注 +132　特林鸠罗这段话引用了一支流行的歌谣 King Stephen was a worthy peer歌词如下 +King Stephen was a worthy peer, 斯蒂芬国王着实可敬佩 +His breeches cost him but a crown, 一条裤子只花他一块钱 +He held them sixpence all too dear, 他觉得超出六便士嫌贵 +133　意思是说这些衣裳可是精品。——译者附注 +134　“线line”有几重含意1晾衣服的绳子2赤道线3外阴部。因此“在线下”表示从绳子取下或在赤道以南或比喻在外阴以下水手可能因为发烧或染梅毒而脱发。许多紧身上衣是用动物毛皮或皮革无毛制成。 +135　有准绳的原文by line and level意为“有条有理”。这是承前文“绳线”的双关语而来。 +136　鹅barnacles和猩猩apes都代表愚蠢。 +137　小仙圈green sour ringlet亦称fairy ring即菌环草上有深色圆圈传说是小仙人跳舞造成实为菌类。 +138　半夜蘑菇midnight mushroom一夜之间长出来的蘑菇传说中伞菌toadstool尤其与精灵相关。 +139　晚钟curfew晚上九点敲的钟声。传说从这时到天明精灵可以自由活动。 +140　咆哮的战争roaring war亦即暴风雨。 +141　火力fire亦即闪电。 +142　橡树oak与天王乔武相关联。 +143　一fathom约等于六英尺。 +144　您you普洛斯彼罗在此以敬语称呼其弟讽刺之意明显。——译者附注 +145　因此therefore指的是因试图弒君也是弒兄而良心痛苦见下一行。普洛斯彼罗语序颠倒显示心情激动。——译者附注 +146　帽子和配剑hat and rapier贵族的常见穿戴要件。——译者附注 +147　普洛斯彼罗整理着装和配剑感觉满意。——译者附注 +148　普洛斯彼罗不用敬语“您”而以“你”称呼地位在他之上的阿隆佐国王或许仍有不齿之意。——译者附注 +149　亦即他不再以米兰为那不勒斯的臣属邦国。 +150　您普洛斯彼罗用敬语称呼安东尼奥用法一如第80行见87页注1。——译者附注 +151　您从这里开始普洛斯彼罗和阿隆佐改以敬语“您”相称。——译者附注 +152　普洛斯彼罗意指阿隆佐至少还有一个女儿克拉丽贝尔。——译者附注 +153　可赞叹的wonder双关语暗指米兰达Miranda源于拉丁文意为“惊讶”。 +154　亦即岳父。 +155　为他当年驱走普洛斯彼罗与米兰达的事。——译者附注 +156　阿门amen表示赞成。——译者附注 +157　自由了at liberty指从舱底释放出来。 +158　咱们一身漂亮衣裳in all our trimour一词有些版本作her意指船只漂亮美好。——泽者附注 +159　醉酒的斯丹法诺把谚语Everyman for himself自求多福吧讲反了。——译者附注 +160　赛得玻Setebos凯列班母亲西考拉克斯崇拜的神。见第一幕第二场435行注。——译者附注 +161　普洛斯彼罗现在穿的是公爵服。——译者附注 +162　意指在怪物展览场里。——译者附注 +163　斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗是阿隆佐的仆人却穿着偷自普洛斯彼罗的衣服。——译者附注 +164　凯列班的父亲是魔神母亲是女巫。——译者附注 +165　泡成这德行原文in this pickle。pickle 在此有两层意思1困境2腌渍食物用的卤汁在此指酒。 +166　苍蝇下蛋fly-blowing指身体腐烂。绿头苍蝇blow-fly会在尸体上产卵。 +167　拱背虾原文 cramp意指doubled-up身体对折弯曲亦即直不起腰杆可能因受到爱丽儿折磨或喝多了酒。 +168　痛苦的sore也可以解释为无能的inept或严苛的harsh。——译者附注 +169　您you普洛斯彼罗首次以敬语称呼凯列班应是玩笑语。——译者附注 +170　天大的原文thrice-double意为三的两倍即六倍。 +171　傻瓜原文fool也是“弄臣”特林鸠罗的职衔之义。——译者附注 +172　如同一个好基督徒应做的以便好好活。 +173　其他船只已经比他们多行了一日。——译者附注 +174　爱丽儿应从另一方向下场。——译者附注 +宁静中的暴风雨 +——译后记 +彭镜禧 +辅仁大学讲座教授台湾大学名誉教授 +《暴风雨》是莎士比亚晚期的作品。有人认为这是他告别伦敦剧坛之作因为戏里有这么一段话隐约透露出他告老还乡之意 +盛会到此结束。我们这些演员 +我说过了都是精灵已经 +溶入空气之中溶入稀薄的空气 +而正如这场无根的幻景一般 +耸入云霄的高楼、华丽的宫殿、 +庄严的庙宇、伟大的地球本身 +不错它所有的一切都将消逝 +就像这场虚渺的盛会逐渐隐没 +不着一点儿痕迹。我们的本质 +跟梦境一样我们短暂的生命 +到头来以睡眠结束。第四幕第一场161—171行 +无论这种解读是否正确这出戏的题目值得一谈。 +莎士比亚戏剧中出现过多次暴风雨的场景。《错误的喜剧》The Comedy of Errors和《第十二夜》Twelfth Night都以海上风暴引起船难作为后续故事的发轫。《冬天的故事》The Winter's Tale里衔命抛弃婴儿的安提哥纳斯Antigonus在雷声大作的暴风雨中被熊追赶他的最后一句台词是“我准要没命”舞台上虽然没有演出但他死于熊吻殆无疑义。悲剧《奥瑟罗》Othello里风暴之后敌军不战而败奥瑟罗的前景似乎无限光明。《麦克白》Macbeth里的女巫在隆隆雷声中现身于荒野。《李尔王》King Lear里暴风雨更是陪伴着李尔的心灵成长。 +但只有《暴风雨》这出戏是以暴风雨为剧名。戏的开场声势惊人观众看到船上水手忙成一团、乘船的王公焦虑不已。令人不解的是暴风雨只存在于戏的第一景之后不再出现。那这出戏为什么要称为《暴风雨》呢哈罗德·布鲁姆Harold Bloom就认为戏名应该直接称为《普洛斯彼罗》Prospero或改为《普洛斯彼罗与凯列班》Prospero and Caliban凯列班是剧中的“原住民”。 +其实若是从另一个角度来看这出戏可说是莎士比亚宽恕论述的总结。戏中物质界的暴风雨象征着主角普洛斯彼罗内心的暴风雨——是一场宽恕与否的猛烈挣扎。戏名十分恰当。 +莎士比亚戏剧中对宽恕主题着墨甚多。悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》Romeo and Juliet和《哈姆莱特》Hamlet都以和解结束。在一般称为传奇剧romance的莎士比亚晚期作品里更是无一不涉及宽恕的主题显示出莎翁的关怀所在。《暴风雨》呈现了宽恕的必要以及宽恕的困难莎士比亚在本剧的处理方式令人惊艳。 +普洛斯彼罗凭着无边的法术制造了一场暴风雨和船难得以完全控制以前的政敌——尤其是当年篡夺了他的公爵地位、将他放逐孤岛而且至今不肯悔悟的亲弟弟安东尼奥。但是他定意选择宽恕先是对被他的法术弄得失去知觉的安东尼奥说 +……同胞血肉啊 +您我的兄弟因为野心勃勃 +抛弃了怜悯与手足之情。跟西巴斯辛—— +…… +差一点杀害你们的国君。我要饶恕你 +尽管你泯灭人性。第五幕第一场79—84行 +值得注意的是我们看到普洛斯彼罗说他已经原谅——还说是“要饶恕”—自家兄弟、自己的血肉却并没有忘记旧恶仍然不免愤愤地口出恶言骂安东尼奥“泯灭人性”。这像不像是真的原谅——发自内心完全的宽恕呢 +稍后安东尼奥跟西巴斯辛国王的弟弟等人清醒过来普洛斯彼罗又对两人说 +可是你们我的两位大人我若有意 +现在就可以教陛下龙颜大怒 +证明你们是叛逆在这个时候 +我不要举发。第五幕第一场136—139行 +既然说过了要原谅为什么又要讲这种话呢“我若有意”言外之意是不是提醒对方我手上握有你们的把柄“在这个时候/我不要举发”——是不是暂时存下黑材料要等适当的时候再抖出来这不是明摆着威胁恐吓吗 +紧接着普洛斯彼罗再对安东尼奥说 +至于您邪恶透顶的大人称你为兄弟 +甚至会玷污我的嘴我真心原谅 +你最卑鄙的过犯——一切过犯——并要求 +你归还我的公国这我知道 +你必须归还。第五幕第一场142—146行 +向弟弟讨回被篡夺的公国领地以及公爵名分地位这是理所当然的事。然而对自己一再声称已经“真心原谅”的兄弟为什么还要称他“邪恶透顶”、“最卑鄙”甚而说什么“称你为兄弟/甚至会玷污我的嘴”看来原谅只是普洛斯彼罗根据理性要求所做的决定他终究必须跟着大伙儿返回那不勒斯。 +如此看来大和解只是表象。 +这出戏以暴风雨拉开序幕。这场暴风雨可以看作普洛斯彼罗多年积恨的宣泄但并不因为雨歇风止而完全消失。普洛斯彼罗这时有报复的能力却选择了宽恕。衡之以人的标准已属难能可贵。诗人亚历山大·蒲柏Alexander Pope, 1688—1744引用西谚说“犯错是人性宽恕是神性To err is human; to forgive, divine”。普洛斯彼罗精研法术功力达到能够呼风唤雨的程度近乎神力。但他毕竟还只是人没有真正宽恕的神性。因此即使到了剧终他心中的暴风雨还没有停歇。 +基督教《圣经》里耶稣的门徒彼得问“主啊我弟兄得罪我我当饶恕他几次呢到七次可以吗”耶稣回答说“我对你说不是到七次乃是到七十个七次”《马太福音》1821—22和合本。这段话最能显明宽恕的必要同时也说明了对世人而言宽恕何其困难。人心中的暴风雨何时才能平息止歇这或许才是莎士比亚命题的本意。 +Introduction to The Tempest +The Tempest was almost certainly Shakespeare's last solo-authored play. We do not know whether he anticipated that this would be the case. It was also the first play to be printed in the First Folio. Again, we do not know whether it was given pride of place because the editors of the Folio regarded it as a showpiece – the summation of the master's art – or for the more mundane reason that they had a clean copy in the clear hand of the scribe Ralph Crane, which would have given the compositors a relatively easy start as they set to work on the mammoth task of typesetting nearly a million words of Shakespeare. Whether it found its position by chance or design, The Tempest's place at the end of Shakespeare's career and the beginning of his collected works has profoundly shaped responses to the play ever since the early nineteenth century. It has come to be regarded as the touchstone of Shakespearean interpretation. +The narrative is concentrated on questions of mastery and rule. During the tempest in the opening scene, the normal social order is out of joint: the boatswain commands the courtiers in the knowledge that the roaring waves care nothing for 'the name of king'. Then the back story, unfolded at length in Act 1 scene 2, tells of conspirators who do not respect the title of duke: we learn of Prospero's loss of power in Milan and the compensatory command he has gained over Ariel and Caliban on the island. The Ferdinand and Miranda love-knot is directed towards the future government of Milan and Naples. There is further politic plotting: Sebastian and Antonio's plan to murder King Alonso and good Gonzalo, the madcap scheme of the base-born characters to overthrow Prospero and make drunken butler Stephano king of the island. The theatrical coups performed by Prospero, assisted by Ariel and the other spirits of the island – the freezing of the conspirators, the harpy and the vanishing banquet, the masque of goddesses and agricultural workers, the revelation of the lovers playing at chess – all serve the purpose of requiting the sins of the past, restoring order in the present and preparing for a harmonious future. Once the work is done, Ariel is released (with a pang) and Prospero is ready to prepare his own spirit for death. Even Caliban will 'seek for grace'. +But Shakespeare never keeps it simple. Prospero's main aim in conjuring up the storm and bringing the court to the island is to force his usurping brother Antonio into repentance. Yet when the climactic confrontation comes, Antonio does not say a word in reply to Prospero's combination of forgiveness and demand. He wholly fails to follow the good example set by Alonso a few lines before. As for Antonio's sidekick Sebastian, he has the temerity to ascribe Prospero's magical foresight to demonic influence. For all the powers at Prospero's command, there is no way of predicting or controlling human nature. A conscience cannot be created where there is none. +Samuel Taylor Coleridge described Prospero as 'the very Shakespeare, as it were, of the tempest'. In other words, the leading character's conjuring up of the storm in the opening scene corresponds to the dramatist's conjuring up of the whole world of the play. The art of Prospero harnesses the power of nature in order to bring the other Italian characters to join him in his exile; by the same account, the art of Shakespeare transforms the platform of the stage into a ship at sea and then 'an uninhabited island'. 'Art' is the play's key word. Caliban is Prospero's 'other' because he represents the state of nature. In the Darwinian nineteenth century, he was recast as the 'missing link' between humankind and our animal ancestors. +Prospero's back story tells of a progression from the 'liberal arts' that offered a training for governors to the more dangerous 'art' of magic. Magical thinking was universal in the age of Shakespeare. Everyone was brought up to believe that there was another realm beyond that of nature, a realm of the spirit and of spirits. 'Natural' and 'demonic' magic were the two branches of the study and manipulation of preternatural phenomena. Magic meant the knowledge of hidden things and the art of working wonders. For some, it was the highest form of natural philosophy: the word came from magia, the ancient Persian term for wisdom. The 'occult philosophy', as it was known, postulated a hierarchy of powers, with influence descending from disembodied ('intellectual') angelic spirits to the stellar and planetary world of the heavens to earthly things and their physical changes. The magician ascends to knowledge of higher powers and draws them down artificially to produce wonderful effects. Cornelius Agrippa, author of the influential De occulta philosophia, argued that 'ceremonial magic' was needed in order to reach the angelic intelligences above the stars. This was the highest and most dangerous level of activity, since it was all too easy – as Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus found – to conjure up a devil instead of an angel. The more common form of 'natural magic' involved 'marrying' heaven to earth, working with the occult correspondences between the stars and the elements of the material world. The enduring conception of astrological influences is a vestige of this mode of thought. For a Renaissance mage such as Girolamo Cardano, who practised in Milan, medicine, natural philosophy, mathematics, astrology and dream interpretation were all intimately connected. +But natural magic could never escape its demonic shadow. For every learned mage such as Agrippa or Cardano, there were a thousand village 'wise women' practising folk medicine and fortunetelling. All too often, the latter found themselves demonized as witches, blamed for crop failure, livestock disease and the other ills of life in the pre-modern era. Prospero is keen to contrast his own white magic with the black arts of Sycorax, Caliban's mother, but the play establishes strong parallels between them. He was exiled from Milan to the island because his devotion to his secret studies gave Antonio the opportunity to usurp the dukedom, whilst Sycorax was exiled from Algiers to the island because she was accused of witchcraft; he arrived with his young daughter, whilst she arrived pregnant with the child she had supposedly conceived by sleeping with the devil. Each of them can command the tides and manipulate the spirit-world that is embodied by Ariel. When Prospero comes to renounce his magic, he describes his powers in words borrowed from the incantation of another witch, Medea in Ovid's great storehouse of ancient mythological tales, the Metamorphoses. Prospero at some level registers his own kinship with Sycorax when he says of Caliban 'this thing of darkness I / Acknowledge mine'. The splitting of subject and verb across the line ending here, ensuring a moment's hesitation in the acknowledgement, is an extreme instance of the suppleness with which late Shakespeare handles his iambic pentameter verse. +Shakespeare loved to set up oppositions, then shade his black and white into grey areas of moral complexity. In Milan, Prospero's inward-looking study of the liberal arts had led to the loss of power and the establishment of tyranny. On the island he seeks to make amends by applying what he has learned, by using active magic to bring repentance, restore his dukedom and set up a dynastic marriage. Yet at the beginning of the fifth act he sees that to be truly human is a matter not of exercising wisdom for the purposes of rule, but of practising a more strictly Christian version of virtue. For sixteenth-century humanists, education in princely virtue meant the cultivation for political ends of wisdom, magnanimity, temperance and integrity. For Prospero what finally matters is kindness. And this is something that the master learns from his pupil: it is Ariel who teaches Prospero about 'feeling', not vice versa. +Ariel represents fire and air, concord and music, loyal service. Caliban is of the earth, associated with discord, drunkenness and rebellion. Ariel's medium of expression is delicate verse, whilst Caliban's is for the most part a robust, often ribald, prose like that of the jester Trinculo and drunken butler Stephano. But, astonishingly, it is Caliban who speaks the play's most beautiful verse when he hears the music of Ariel. Even in prose, Caliban has a wonderful attunement to the natural environment: he knows every corner, every species of the island. Prospero calls him 'A devil, a born devil, on whose nature / Nurture can never stick', yet in the very next speech Caliban enters with the line 'Pray you tread softly, that the blind mole may not hear a footfall', words of such strong imagination that Prospero's claim is instantly belied. +Caliban's purported sexual assault on Miranda shows that Prospero failed in his attempt to tame the animal instincts of the 'man-monster' and educate him into humanity. But who bears responsibility for the failure? Could it be that the problem arises from what Prospero has imprinted on Caliban's memory, not from the latter's nature? Caliban initially welcomed Prospero to the island and offered to share its fruits, every bit in the manner of the 'noble savages' in Michel de Montaigne's essay 'Of the Cannibals', which was another source from which Shakespeare quoted in the play (Gonzalo's Utopian 'golden age' vision of how he would govern the isle is borrowed from the English translation of Montaigne). Caliban only acts basely after Prospero has printed that baseness on him; what makes Caliban 'filth' may be the lessons in which Prospero has taught him that he is 'filth'. +Caliban understands the power of the book: as fashioners of modern coups d'état begin by seizing the television station, so he stresses that the rebellion against Prospero must begin by taking possession of his books. But Stephano has another book. 'Here is that which will give language to you', he says to Caliban, replicating Prospero's gaining of control through language – but in a different mode. Textual inculcation is replaced by intoxication: the book that is kissed is the bottle. The dialogic spirit that is fostered by Shakespeare's technique of scenic counterpoint thus calls into question Prospero's use of books. If Stephano and Trinculo achieve through their alcohol what Prospero achieves through his teaching (in each case Caliban is persuaded to serve and to share the fruits of the isle), is not that teaching exposed as potentially nothing more than a means of social control? Prospero often seems more interested in the power-structure that is established by his schoolmastering than in the substance of what he teaches. It is hard to see how making Ferdinand carry logs is intended to inculcate virtue; its purpose is to elicit submission. +Arrival on an island uninhabited by Europeans, talk of 'plantation', an encounter with a 'savage' in which alcohol is exchanged for survival skills, a process of language learning in which it is made clear who is master and who is slave, fear that the slave will impregnate the master's daughter, the desire to make the savage seek for Christian 'grace' (though also a proposal that he should be shipped to England and exhibited for profit), references to the dangerous weather of the Bermudas and to a 'brave new world': in all these respects, The Tempest conjures up the spirit of European colonialism. Shakespeare had contacts with members of the Virginia Company, which had been established by royal charter in 1606 and was instrumental in the foundation of the Jamestown colony in America the following year. Some time in the autumn of 1610, a letter reached England describing how a fleet sent to reinforce the colony had been broken up by a storm in the Caribbean; the ship carrying the new governor had been driven to Bermuda, where the crew and passengers had wintered. Though the letter was not published at the time, it circulated in manuscript and inspired at least two pamphlets about these events. Scholars debate the extent to which Shakespeare made direct use of these materials, but certain details of the storm and the island seem to be derived from them. There is no doubt that the seemingly miraculous survival of the governor's party and the fertile environment they discovered in the Bahamas were topics of great public interest at the time of the play. +The British Empire, the slave trade and the riches of the spice routes lay in the future. Shakespeare's play is set in the Mediterranean, not the Caribbean. Caliban cannot strictly be described as a native of the island. And yet the play intuits the dynamic of colonial possession and dispossession with such uncanny power that in 1950 a book by Octave Mannoni called The Psychology of Colonisation could argue that the process functioned by means of a pair of reciprocal neuroses: the 'Prospero complex' on the part of the colonizer and the 'Caliban complex' on that of the colonized. It was in response to Mannoni that Frantz Fanon wrote Black Skin, White Masks, a book that did much to shape the intellectual terrain of the 'post-colonial' era. For many Anglophone Caribbean writers of the late twentieth century, The Tempest, and the figure of Caliban in particular, became a focal point for discovery of their own literary voices. The play is less a reflection of imperial history – after all, Prospero is an exile, not a venturer – than an anticipation of it. +As regular players at royal command performances in the Whitehall Palace, the King's Men knew that from the end of 1608 onwards, the teenage Princess Elizabeth was resident at court. A cultured young woman who enjoyed music and dancing, she participated in court festivals and in 1610 danced in a masque called Tethys. Masques – performed by a mixed cast of royalty, courtiers and professional actors, staged with spectacular scenery and elaborate music – were the height of fashion at court in these years. Shakespeare's friend and rival Ben Jonson, working in conjunction with the designer Inigo Jones, was carving out a role for himself as the age's leading masque-wright. In 1608 he introduced the 'antimasque' (or 'antemasque'), a convention whereby grotesque figures known as 'antics' danced boisterously prior to the graceful and harmonious masque itself. Shakespeare nods to contemporary fashion by including a betrothal masque within the action of The Tempest, together with the antimasque farce of Caliban, Stephano and Trinculo smelling of horse-piss, stealing clothes from a line and being chased away by dogs. One almost wonders whether the figure of Prospero is a gentle parody of Ben Jonson: his theatrical imagination is bound by the classical unities of time and place (as Jonson's was) and he stages a court masque (as Jonson did). Perhaps this is why a few years later, in his Bartholomew Fair, Jonson parodied The Tempest in return. +Prospero's Christian language reaches its most sustained pitch in the epilogue, but his final request is for the indulgence not of God but of the audience. At the last moment, humanist learning is replaced not by Christian but by theatrical faith. Because of this it has been possible for the play to be read, as it so often has been since the Romantic period, as Shakespeare's defence of his own dramatic art. Ironically, though, the play itself is profoundly sceptical of the power of the book and even of the theatre. The book of art is drowned, whilst the masque and its players dissolve into vacancy like a 'baseless fabric' or a dream. +KEY FACTS +PLOT: Twelve years ago Prospero, the Duke of Milan, was usurped by his brother, Antonio, with the help of Alonso, King of Naples, and the King's brother Sebastian. Prospero and his baby daughter Miranda were put to sea and landed on a distant island where ever since, by the use of his magic art, he has ruled over the spirit Ariel and the savage Caliban. He uses his powers to raise a storm which shipwrecks his enemies on the island. Alonso searches for his son, Ferdinand, although fearing him to be drowned. Sebastian plots to kill Alonso and seize the crown. The drunken butler, Stephano, and the jester, Trinculo, encounter Caliban and are persuaded by him to kill Prospero so that they can rule the island. Ferdinand meets Miranda and they fall instantly in love. Prospero sets heavy tasks to test Ferdinand and, when satisfied, presents the young couple with a betrothal masque. As Prospero's plan draws to its climax, he confronts his enemies and forgives them. Prospero grants Ariel his freedom and prepares to leave the island for Milan. +MAJOR PARTS: (with percentage of lines/number of speeches/scenes on stage) Prospero (30%/115/5), Ariel (9%/45/6), Caliban (8%/50/5), Stephano (7%/60/4), Gonzalo (7%/52/4), Sebastian (5%/67/4), Antonio (6%/57/4), Miranda (6%/49/4), Ferdinand (6%/31/4), Alonso (5%/40/4), Trinculo (4%/39/4). +LINGUISTIC MEDIUM: 80% verse, 20% prose. +DATE: 1611. Performed at court, 1 November 1611; uses source material not available before autumn 1610. +SOURCES: No known source for main plot, but some details of the tempest and the island seem to derive from William Strachey, A True Reportory of the Wreck and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight (written 1610, published in Purchas his Pilgrims, 1625) and perhaps Sylvester Jourdain, A Discovery of the Bermudas (1610) and the Virginia Company's pamphlet A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colony in Virginia (1610); several allusions to Virgil's Aeneid and Ovid's Metamorphoses (most notably the imitation in Act 5 scene 1 of Arthur Golding's 1567 translation of Medea's incantation in Ovid's 7th book); Gonzalo's 'golden age' oration in Act 2 scene 1 based closely on Michel de Montaigne's essay 'Of the Cannibals', translated by John Florio (1603). +TEXT: First Folio of 1623 is the only early printed text. Based on a transcript by Ralph Crane, professional scribe working for the King's Men. Generally good quality of printing. +The Tempest +PROSPERO, the right Duke of Milan +MIRANDA, his daughter +ALONSO, King of Naples +SEBASTIAN, his brother +ANTONIO, Prospero's brother, the usurping Duke of Milan +FERDINAND, son to the King of Naples +GONZALO, an honest old councillor +ADRIAN and FRANCISCO, lords +TRINCULO, a jester +STEPHANO, a drunken butler +MASTER of a ship +BOATSWAIN +MARINERS +CALIBAN, a savage and deformed slave +ARIEL, an airy spirit +The Scene: an uninhabited island +Act 1 +Scene 11running scene 1 +A tempestuous noise of thunder and lightning heard. Enter a Shipmaster and a Boatswain2 +MASTER　Boatswain! +BOATSWAIN　Here, master. What cheer3? +MASTER　Good4: speak to th'mariners. Fall to't yarely5, or we run ourselves aground! Bestir6, bestir! +Exit +Enter Mariners +BOATSWAIN　Heigh, my hearts7! Cheerly8, cheerly, my hearts! Yare, yare9! Take in the topsail10. Tend11 to th'master's whistle.— Blow, till thou burst thy wind, if room enough12. +To the storm +Enter Alonso, Sebastian, Antonio, Ferdinand, Gonzalo and others +ALONSO　Good boatswain, have13 care. Where's the master? Play the14 men. +BOATSWAIN　I pray now, keep below. +ANTONIO　Where is the master, boatswain? +BOATSWAIN　Do you not hear him? You mar15 our labour. Keep your cabins! You do assist the storm. +GONZALO　Nay, good, be patient. +BOATSWAIN　When the sea is. Hence16! What cares these roarers17 for the name of king? To cabin! Silence! Trouble us not. +GONZALO　Good, yet remember whom thou hast aboard. +BOATSWAIN　None that I more love than myself. You are a counsellor18: if you can command these elements to silence, and work the peace of the present19, we will not hand20 a rope more: use your authority. If you cannot, give thanks you have lived so long, and make yourself ready in your cabin for the mischance of the hour, if it so hap21.— Cheerly, good hearts!— +To the Mariners +Out of our way, I say. +To the Courtiers +Exeunt [Boatswain with Mariners, followed by Alonso, Sebastian, Antonio and Ferdinand] +GONZALO　I have great comfort from this fellow: methinks he hath no drowning mark22 upon him: his complexion is perfect gallows23. Stand fast, good Fate, to his hanging: make the rope of his destiny24 our cable25, for our own doth little advantage. If he be not born to be hanged, our case is miserable. +Exit +Enter Boatswain +BOATSWAIN　Down with the topmast26! Yare! Lower, lower! Bring her to try with main course27. (A cry within) A plague upon this howling! They are louder than the weather or our office28. +Enter Sebastian, Antonio and Gonzalo +Yet again? What do you here? Shall we give o'er29 and drown? Have you a mind to sink? +SEBASTIAN　A pox30cur31 o'your throat, you bawling, blasphemous, incharitable dog! +BOATSWAIN　Work you then. +ANTONIO　Hang, cur! Hang, you whoreson, insolent noisemaker! We are less afraid to be drowned than thou art. +GONZALO　I'll warrant him for drowning32, though the ship were no stronger than a nutshell and as leaky as an unstanched33 wench. +BOATSWAIN　Lay her ahold34, ahold! Set her two courses off to35 sea again! Lay her off! +Enter Mariners, wet +MARINERS　All lost! To prayers, to prayers! All lost! +BOATSWAIN　What, must our mouths be cold36? +GONZALO　The king and prince at prayers: let's assist them, for our case is as theirs. +SEBASTIAN　I'm out of patience. +ANTONIO　We are merely37 cheated of our lives by drunkards. This wide-chopped38 rascal: would thou mightst lie drowning, the washing of ten tides39! +GONZALO　He'll be hanged yet40, +Though every drop of water swear against it +And gape at wid'st41 to glut42 him. +[Exeunt Boatswain and Mariners] +A confused noise within +[VOICES OFF-STAGE]　Mercy on us! — We split43, we split! — Farewell, my wife and children! — Farewell, brother! — We split, we split, we split! +ANTONIO　Let's all sink wi'th'king. +SEBASTIAN　Let's take leave of him. +Exeunt[Antonio and Sebastian] +GONZALO　Now would I give a thousand furlong44s of sea for an acre45 of barren ground: long heath46, brown furze47, anything. The wills above be done! But I would fain48 die a dry death. +Exit +Scene 249running scene 2 +Enter Prospero50 and Miranda51 +MIRANDA　If by your art52, my dearest father, you have +Put the wild waters in this roar, allay53 them. +The sky, it seems, would pour down stinking pitch54, +But that the sea, mounting to th'welkin's55 cheek, +Dashes the fire56 out. O, I have suffered +With those that I saw suffer: a brave57 vessel — +Who had, no doubt, some noble creature in her — +Dashed all to pieces. O, the cry did knock +Against my very heart. Poor souls, they perished. +Had I been any god of power, I would +Have sunk the sea within the earth, or ere58 +It should the good ship so have swallowed, and +The fraughting souls59 within her. +PROSPERO　Be collected60: +No more amazement61. Tell your piteous heart +There's no harm done. +MIRANDA　O, woe the day! +PROSPERO　No harm: +I have done nothing but in care of thee — +Of thee, my dear one, thee, my daughter — who +Art ignorant of what thou art: nought knowing +Of whence I am62, nor that I am more better63 +Than Prospero, master of a full poor cell64, +And thy no greater father65. +MIRANDA　More to know66 +Did never meddle with67 my thoughts. +PROSPERO　'Tis time +I should inform thee further. Lend thy hand +And pluck my magic garment from me. So: +Lays down his magic cloak +Lie there, my art. Wipe thou thine eyes, have comfort. +The direful spectacle of the wreck, which touched +The very virtue of compassion in thee, +I have with such provision68 in mine art +So safely ordered that there is no soul — +No, not so much perdition69 as an hair +Betid70 to any creature in the vessel +Which thou heard'st cry, which thou saw'st sink. Sit down, +Miranda sits +For thou must now know further. +MIRANDA　You have often +Begun to tell me what I am, but stopped +And left me to a bootless inquisition71, +Concluding 'Stay: not yet.' +PROSPERO　The hour's now come, +The very minute bids thee ope72 thine ear: +Obey, and be attentive. Canst thou remember +A time before we came unto this cell? +I do not think thou canst, for then thou wast not +Out73 three years old. +MIRANDA　Certainly, sir, I can. +PROSPERO　By what? By any other house or person? +Of any thing the image, tell me, that +Hath kept with thy remembrance74. +MIRANDA　'Tis far off, +And rather like a dream than an assurance75 +That my remembrance warrants76. Had I not +Four or five women once that tended77 me? +PROSPERO　Thou hadst; and more, Miranda. But how is it +That this lives in thy mind? What see'st thou else +In the dark backward78 and abysm79 of time? +If thou rememb'rest aught80 ere thou cam'st here, +How thou cam'st here thou mayst. +MIRANDA　But that I do not. +PROSPERO　Twelve year since, Miranda, twelve year since, +Thy father was the Duke of Milan and +A prince of power. +MIRANDA　Sir, are not you my father? +PROSPERO　Thy mother was a piece81 of virtue, and +She said thou wast my daughter; and thy father +Was Duke of Milan, and his only heir +And princess, no worse issued82. +MIRANDA　O the heavens! +What foul play had we, that we came from thence? +Or blessèd83 wast we did? +PROSPERO　Both, both, my girl. +By foul play — as thou say'st — were we heaved thence, +But blessedly holp84 hither. +MIRANDA　O, my heart bleeds +To think o'th'teen85 that I have turned you to86, +Which is from87 my remembrance. Please you, further. +PROSPERO　My brother and thy uncle, called Antonio — +I pray thee, mark88 me — that a brother should +Be so perfidious89 — he whom next thyself +Of all the world I loved, and to him put +The manage90 of my state, as at that time +Through all the signories91 it was the first, +And Prospero the prime92 duke, being so reputed +In dignity, and for the liberal arts93 +Without a parallel; those being all my study, +The government I cast upon my brother +And to my state94 grew stranger95, being transported +And rapt96 in secret studies. Thy false uncle — +Dost thou attend me? +MIRANDA　Sir, most heedfully. +PROSPERO　Being once perfected97 how to grant suits98, +How to deny them, who t'advance and who +To trash for over-topping99, new created +The creatures that were mine100, I say, or changed 'em101, +Or else new formed 'em102; having both the key103 +Of officer and office, set all hearts i'th'state +To what tune pleased his ear, that104 now he was +The ivy which had hid my princely trunk105 +And sucked my verdure106 out on't.— Thou attend'st not. +MIRANDA　O good sir, I do. +PROSPERO　I pray thee, mark me: +I, thus neglecting worldly ends107, all dedicated +To closeness108 and the bettering of my mind +With that, which but109 by being so retired110, +O'er-prized all popular rate111, in my false brother +Awaked an evil nature, and my trust, +Like a good parent112, did beget of113 him +A falsehood in its contrary114, as great +As my trust was, which had indeed no limit, +A confidence sans115 bound. He being thus lorded116, +Not only with what my revenue yielded, +But what my power might else exact117: like one +Who having into118 truth, by telling of it119, +Made such a sinner of his memory +To credit his own lie120, he did believe +He was indeed the duke, out o'th'substitution121 +And executing th'outward face122 of royalty +With all prerogative: hence his ambition growing — +Dost thou hear? +MIRANDA　Your tale, sir, would cure deafness. +PROSPERO　To have no screen123 between this part he played, +And him124 he played it for, he needs will be +Absolute Milan125. Me — poor man — my library +Was dukedom large enough: of temporal royalties126 +He thinks me now incapable. Confederates127 — +So dry128 he was for sway129 — wi'th'King of Naples +To give him annual tribute130, do him homage, +Subject his coronet to his crown131, and bend +The dukedom yet132 unbowed — alas, poor Milan — +To most ignoble stooping. +MIRANDA　O the heavens! +PROSPERO　Mark his condition133 and th'event134, then tell me +If this might be a brother135. +MIRANDA　I should sin +To think but136 nobly of my grandmother: +Good wombs have borne bad sons. +PROSPERO　Now the condition. +This King of Naples, being an enemy +To me inveterate137, hearkens138 my brother's suit, +Which was, that he139, in lieu o'th'premises +Of homage140, and I know not how much tribute141, +Should presently extirpate142 me and mine +Out of the dukedom, and confer fair Milan, +With all the honours, on my brother: whereon, +A treacherous army levied, one midnight +Fated to th'purpose, did Antonio open +The gates of Milan, and i'th'dead of darkness +The ministers143 for th'purpose hurried thence144 +Me and thy crying self. +MIRANDA　Alack, for pity! +I, not rememb'ring how I cried out then, +Will cry it o'er again: it is a hint145 +That wrings mine eyes to't. +PROSPERO　Hear a little further, +And then I'll bring thee to the present business +Which now's upon's: without the which, this story +Were most impertinent146. +MIRANDA　Wherefore did they not +That hour destroy us? +PROSPERO　Well demanded, wench: +My tale provokes that question. Dear, they durst147 not, +So dear the love my people bore me: nor set +A mark so bloody on the business: but +With colours fairer, painted148 their foul ends. +In few149, they hurried us aboard a barque150, +Bore us some leagues to sea, where they prepared +A rotten carcass of a butt151, not rigged, +Nor tackle, sail, nor mast: the very rats +Instinctively have quit it. There they hoist152 us, +To cry to th'sea that roared to us; to sigh +To th'winds, whose pity sighing back again, +Did us but loving wrong153. +MIRANDA　Alack, what trouble +Was I then to you! +PROSPERO　O, a cherubin154 +Thou wast that did preserve me. Thou didst smile, +Infusèd with a fortitude from heaven, +When I have decked155 the sea with drops full salt156, +Under my burden groaned, which157 raised in me +An undergoing stomach158, to bear up +Against what should ensue. +MIRANDA　How came we ashore? +Prospero sits +PROSPERO　By providence divine. +Some food we had, and some fresh water, that +A noble Neapolitan, Gonzalo, +Out of his charity — who being then appointed +Master of this design159 — did give us, with +Rich garments, linens, stuffs160 and necessaries, +Which since have steaded much161. So, of his gentleness162, +Knowing I loved my books, he furnished me +From mine own library with volumes that +I prize above my dukedom. +MIRANDA　Would163 I might +But ever see that man. +PROSPERO　Now I arise: +Prospero stands +Sit still164, and hear the last of our sea-sorrow. +Here in this island we arrived, and here +Have I, thy schoolmaster, made thee more profit165 +Than other princes can that have more time +For vainer166 hours, and tutors not so careful167. +MIRANDA　Heavens thank you for't. And now, I pray you, sir, +For still 'tis beating in my mind: your reason +For raising this sea-storm? +PROSPERO　Know thus far forth: +By accident most strange, bountiful Fortune — +Now my dear lady168 — hath mine enemies +Brought to this shore: and by my prescience169 +I find my zenith170 doth depend upon +A most auspicious star, whose influence171 +If now I court not, but omit172, my fortunes +Will ever after droop. Here cease more questions: +Thou art inclined to sleep. 'Tis a good dullness173, +And give it way174: I know thou canst not choose.— +Miranda sleeps +Come away, servant, come. I am ready now. +Approach, my Ariel175, come. +Enter Ariel +ARIEL　All hail, great master! Grave176 sir, hail! I come +To answer thy best pleasure; be't to fly, +To swim, to dive into the fire, to ride +On the curled clouds: to thy strong bidding task177 +Ariel and all his quality178. +PROSPERO　Hast thou, spirit, +Performed to point179 the tempest that I bade thee? +ARIEL　To every article. +I boarded the king's ship: now on the beak180, +Now in the waist181, the deck, in every cabin, +I flamed amazement182: sometime I'd divide +And burn in many places; on the topmast, +The yards183 and bowsprit184 would I flame distinctly, +Then meet and join. Jove's lightning, the precursors +O'th'dreadful thunderclaps185, more momentary +And sight-outrunning186 were not; the fire and cracks +Of sulphurous roaring, the most mighty Neptune187 +Seem to besiege and make his bold waves tremble, +Yea, his dread trident188 shake. +PROSPERO　My brave spirit! +Who was so firm, so constant, that this coil189 +Would not infect his reason? +ARIEL　Not a soul +But felt a fever of the mad190 and played +Some tricks of desperation191. All but mariners +Plunged in the foaming brine and quit the vessel, +Then all afire192 with me: the king's son, Ferdinand, +With hair up-staring193 — then like reeds, not hair — +Was the first man that leaped; cried 'Hell is empty +And all the devils are here.' +PROSPERO　Why, that's my spirit! +But was not this nigh194 shore? +ARIEL　Close by, my master. +PROSPERO　But are they, Ariel, safe? +ARIEL　Not a hair perished: +On their sustaining195 garments not a blemish, +But fresher than before: and, as thou bad'st me, +In troops196 I have dispersed them 'bout the isle. +The king's son have I landed by himself, +Whom I left cooling of197 the air with sighs +In an odd angle198 of the isle, and sitting, +His arms in this sad knot199. +Folds his arms +PROSPERO　Of the king's ship, +The mariners, say how thou hast disposed, +And all the rest o'th'fleet? +ARIEL　Safely in harbour +Is the king's ship: in the deep nook where once +Thou call'dst me up at midnight to fetch dew200 +From the still-vexed Bermudas201, there she's hid; +The mariners all under hatches202 stowed, +Who, with a charm203 joined to their suffered labour204, +I have left asleep: and for the rest o'th'fleet — +Which I dispersed — they all have met again, +And are upon the Mediterranean float205 +Bound sadly home for Naples, +Supposing that they saw the king's ship wrecked +And his great person perish. +PROSPERO　Ariel, thy charge +Exactly is performed; but there's more work: +What is the time o'th'day? +ARIEL　Past the mid season206. +PROSPERO　At least two glasses207. The time 'twixt six and now +Must by us both be spent most preciously208. +ARIEL　Is there more toil? Since thou dost give me pains209, +Let me remember210 thee what thou hast promised, +Which is not yet performed me. +PROSPERO　How now? Moody211? +What is't thou canst demand? +ARIEL　My liberty. +PROSPERO　Before the time be out212? No more! +ARIEL　I prithee, +Remember I have done thee worthy service, +Told thee no lies, made thee no mistakings, served +Without or213 grudge or grumblings: thou did promise +To bate me214 a full year. +PROSPERO　Dost thou forget +From what a torment I did free thee? +ARIEL　No. +PROSPERO　Thou dost: and think'st it much to tread the ooze +Of the salt deep215, +To run upon the sharp wind of the north, +To do me business in the veins o'th'earth +When it is baked with frost. +ARIEL　I do not, sir. +PROSPERO　Thou liest, malignant thing. Hast thou forgot +The foul witch Sycorax216, who with age and envy +Was grown into a hoop217? Hast thou forgot her? +ARIEL　No, sir. +PROSPERO　Thou hast. Where was she born? Speak: tell me. +ARIEL　Sir, in Algiers218. +PROSPERO　O, was she so? I must +Once in a month recount what thou hast been, +Which thou forget'st. This damned witch Sycorax, +For mischiefs manifold, and sorceries terrible +To enter human hearing, from Algiers, +Thou know'st, was banished: for one thing she did +They would not take her life219. Is not this true? +ARIEL　Ay, sir. +PROSPERO　This blue-eyed220 hag221 was hither brought with child222, +And here was left by th'sailors. Thou, my slave, +As thou report'st thyself, was then her servant: +And, for223 thou wast a spirit too delicate224 +To act her earthy225 and abhorred commands, +Refusing her grand hests226, she did confine thee +By help of her more potent ministers227, +And in her most unmitigable228 rage, +Into a cloven229 pine, within which rift +Imprisoned thou didst painfully remain +A dozen years: within which space she died, +And left thee there, where thou didst vent thy groans +As fast as mill-wheels strike230. Then was this island — +Save for the son that she did litter231 here, +A freckled whelp232, hag-born233 — not honoured with +A human shape. +ARIEL　Yes: Caliban234 her son. +PROSPERO　Dull thing235, I say so: he, that Caliban +Whom now I keep in service236. Thou best know'st +What torment I did find thee in: thy groans +Did make wolves howl and penetrate the breasts +Of ever-angry bears237; it was a torment +To lay upon the damned, which Sycorax +Could not again undo. It was mine art, +When I arrived and heard thee, that made gape238 +The pine and let thee out. +ARIEL　I thank thee, master. +PROSPERO　If thou more murmur'st239, I will rend240 an oak +And peg241 thee in his knotty entrails242 till +Thou hast howled away twelve winters. +ARIEL　Pardon, master: +I will be correspondent243 to command +And do my spriting244 gently245. +PROSPERO　Do so: and after two days +I will discharge246 thee. +ARIEL　That's my noble master! +What shall I do? Say what? What shall I do? +PROSPERO　Go make thyself like a nymph o'th'sea, +Be subject to no sight but thine and mine: invisible +To every eyeball else. Go take this shape +And hither come in't: go! Hence with diligence! +Exit [Ariel] +Awake, dear heart, awake. Thou hast slept well. Awake. +To Miranda +MIRANDA　The strangeness of your story put +Heaviness247 in me. +PROSPERO　Shake it off. Come on: +We'll visit Caliban, my slave, who never +Yields us kind answer. +MIRANDA　'Tis a villain248, sir, I do not love to look on. +PROSPERO　But, as 'tis, +We cannot miss249 him: he does make our fire, +Fetch in our wood and serves in offices250 +That profit us. What, ho! Slave! Caliban! +Thou earth251, thou! Speak! +CALIBAN　There's wood enough within. +Within +PROSPERO　Come forth, I say! There's other business for thee: +Come, thou tortoise! When? +Enter Ariel like a water-nymph +Fine apparition: my quaint252 Ariel, +Hark in thine ear. +ARIEL　My lord, it shall be done. +Exit +PROSPERO　Thou poisonous slave, got253 by the devil himself +Upon thy wicked dam254: come forth! +Enter Caliban +CALIBAN　As wicked dew as e'er my mother brushed +With raven's feather from unwholesome fen255 +Drop on you both! A southwest256 blow on ye +And blister you all o'er! +PROSPERO　For this, be sure, tonight thou shalt have cramps, +Side-stitches that shall pen thy breath up: urchins257 +Shall, for that vast258 of night that they may work, +All exercise259 on thee: thou shalt be pinched +As thick as honeycomb260, each pinch more stinging +Than261 bees that made 'em262. +CALIBAN　I must eat my dinner. +This island's mine by Sycorax my mother, +Which thou tak'st from me. When thou cam'st first, +Thou strok'st me and made much of me: wouldst give me +Water with berries263 in't, and teach me how +To name the bigger light, and how the less264, +That burn by day and night: and then I loved thee +And showed thee all the qualities o'th'isle, +The fresh springs, brine-pits265, barren place and fertile. +Cursed be I that did so! All the charms266 +Of Sycorax — toads, beetles, bats — light267 on you! +For I am all the subjects that you have, +Which first was mine own king: and here you sty268 me +In this hard rock269, whiles you do keep from me +The rest o'th'island. +PROSPERO　Thou most lying slave, +Whom stripes270 may move, not kindness271! I have used272 thee — +Filth as thou art — with humane273 care, and lodged thee +In mine own cell, till thou didst seek to violate +The honour of my child274. +CALIBAN　O ho, O ho! Would't had been done! +Thou didst prevent me: I had peopled else275 +This isle with Calibans. +MIRANDA　Abhorrèd slave, +Which any print276 of goodness wilt not take, +Being capable of all ill277. I pitied thee, +Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee each hour +One thing or other: when thou didst not, savage, +Know thine own meaning, but wouldst gabble like +A thing most brutish, I endowed thy purposes +With words that made them known. But thy vile race278 — +Though thou didst learn — had that in't which good natures +Could not abide to be with: therefore wast thou +Deservedly confined into this rock, who hadst +Deserved more279 than a prison. +CALIBAN　You taught me language, and my profit on't +Is, I know how to curse. The red-plague280 rid281 you +For learning282 me your language. +PROSPERO　Hag-seed283, hence! +Fetch us in fuel, and be quick: thou'rt best284 +To answer other business. Shrug'st thou, malice? +If thou neglect'st or dost unwillingly +What I command, I'll rack285 thee with old cramps286, +Fill all thy bones with aches, make thee roar, +That beasts shall tremble at thy din. +CALIBAN　No, pray thee.— +I must obey: his art is of such power, +Aside +It would control my dam's god, Setebos287, +And make a vassal288 of him. +PROSPERO　So, slave, hence! +Exit Caliban +Enter Ferdinand, and Ariel, invisible, playing and singing +ARIEL　Come unto these yellow sands, +Song +And then take hands: +Curtsied when you have, and kissed +The wild waves whist289: +Foot it featly290 here and there, +And, sweet sprites, bear +The burden291. +[SPIRITS　Within, sing the] (burden, dispersedly) +Hark, hark! Bow-wow! +The watch-dogs bark: bow-wow. +ARIEL　Hark, hark! I hear +The strain292 of strutting chanticleer293 +Cry, cock-a-diddle-dow. +FERDINAND　Where should this music be? I'th'air or th'earth? +It sounds no more: and sure it waits upon294 +Some god o'th'island. Sitting on a bank, +Weeping again the295 king my father's wreck, +This music crept by me upon the waters, +Allaying both their fury and my passion296 +With its sweet air: thence I have followed it — +Or it hath drawn me rather — but 'tis gone. +No, it begins again. +ARIEL　Full fathom five297 thy father lies, +Song +Of his bones are coral made: +Those are pearls that were his eyes: +Nothing of him that doth fade298, +But doth suffer299 a sea-change +Into something rich and strange. +Sea-nymphs hourly ring his knell300: +[SPIRITS　Within, sing the] (burden) Ding-dong. +ARIEL　Hark! Now I hear them: ding-dong, bell. +FERDINAND　The ditty301 does remember302 my drowned father. +This is no mortal303 business, nor no sound +That the earth owes304. I hear it now above me. +PROSPERO　The fringèd curtains305 of thine eye advance306 +And say what thou see'st yond307. +MIRANDA　What is't? A spirit? +Lord, how it looks about! Believe me, sir, +It carries a brave308 form. But 'tis a spirit. +PROSPERO　No, wench: it eats, and sleeps, and hath such senses +As we have, such. This gallant309 which thou see'st +Was in the wreck: and, but310 he's something311 stained +With grief — that's beauty's canker312 — thou mightst call him +A goodly313 person: he hath lost his fellows +And strays about to find 'em. +MIRANDA　I might call him +A thing divine, for nothing natural314 +I ever saw so noble. +PROSPERO　It goes on, I see, +Aside +As my soul prompts315 it.— Spirit, fine spirit: I'll free thee +To Ariel +Within two days for this. +FERDINAND　Most sure, the goddess +On whom these airs316 attend! Vouchsafe317 my prayer +May know if you remain318 upon this island, +And that you will some good instruction give +How I may bear me319 here: my prime request, +Which I do last pronounce, is — O you wonder320! — +If you be maid321 or no? +MIRANDA　No wonder, sir, +But certainly a maid. +FERDINAND　My language? Heavens! +I am the best322 of them that speak this speech, +Were I but where323 'tis spoken. +PROSPERO　How? The best? +What wert thou if the King of Naples heard thee? +FERDINAND　A single thing324, as I am now, that wonders +To hear thee speak of Naples. He325 does hear me: +And that he does, I weep. Myself am Naples, +Who with mine eyes, never since at ebb326, beheld +The king my father wrecked. +MIRANDA　Alack, for mercy! +FERDINAND　Yes, faith, and all his lords, the Duke of Milan +And his brave son327 being twain328. +PROSPERO　The Duke of Milan +Aside +And his more braver daughter could control329 thee +If now 'twere fit to do't. At the first sight +They have changed eyes330.— Delicate331 Ariel, +To Ariel +I'll set thee free for this.— A word, good sir, +To Ferdinand +I fear you have done yourself some wrong332: a word. +MIRANDA　Why speaks my father so ungently333? This +Is the third man that e'er I saw: the first +That e'er I sighed for. Pity move my father +To be inclined my way. +FERDINAND　O, if a virgin, +And your affection not gone forth334, I'll make you +The Queen of Naples. +PROSPERO　Soft335, sir, one word more.— +They are both in either's336 powers: but this swift business +Aside +I must uneasy337 make, lest too light338 winning +Make the prize light.— One word more: I charge339 thee +To Ferdinand +That thou attend340 me: thou dost here usurp +The name thou ow'st not341, and hast put thyself +Upon this island as a spy, to win it +From me, the lord on't342. +FERDINAND　No, as I am a man. +MIRANDA　There's nothing ill can dwell in such a temple343: +If the ill-spirit have so fair a house, +Good things will strive to dwell with't. +PROSPERO　Follow me.— +To Ferdinand +Speak not you for him: he's a traitor.— Come: +To Miranda/To Ferdinand +I'll manacle thy neck and feet together: +Seawater shalt thou drink: thy food shall be +The fresh-brook mussels344, withered roots and husks +Wherein the acorn cradled. Follow. +FERDINAND　No! +I will resist such entertainment345 till +Mine enemy has more power. +He draws, and is charmed from moving +MIRANDA　O dear father, +Make not too rash a trial of him, for +He's gentle346, and not fearful347. +PROSPERO　What, I say, +My foot348 my tutor?— Put thy sword up, traitor: +To Ferdinand +Who mak'st a show but dar'st not strike, thy conscience +Is so possessed with guilt. Come from thy ward349, +For I can here disarm thee with this stick, +Brandishes his staff +And make thy weapon drop. +MIRANDA　Beseech you, father. +Kneels or attempts to stop him +PROSPERO　Hence! Hang not on my garments. +MIRANDA　Sir, have pity: +I'll be his surety350. +PROSPERO　Silence! One word more +Shall make me chide351 thee, if not hate thee. What, +An advocate for an impostor? Hush! +Thou think'st there is no more such shapes352 as he, +Having seen but him and Caliban. Foolish wench, +To353 th'most of men this is a Caliban, +And they to him are angels. +MIRANDA　My affections +Are then most humble: I have no ambition +To see a goodlier man. +PROSPERO　Come on, obey: +To Ferdinand +Thy nerves354 are in their infancy again +And have no vigour355 in them. +FERDINAND　So they are: +My spirits356, as in a dream, are all bound up. +My father's loss, the weakness which I feel, +The wreck of all my friends, nor this man's threats, +To whom I am subdued, are but light to me, +Might I but through357 my prison once a day +Behold this maid: all corners else358 o'th'earth +Let liberty make use of: space enough +Have I in such a prison. +PROSPERO　It works.— Come on.— +Aside/To Ferdinand +Thou hast done well, fine Ariel!— Follow me.— +To Ariel/To Ferdinand +Hark what thou else shalt do me359. +To Ariel +MIRANDA　Be of comfort: +My father's of a better nature, sir, +Than he appears by speech: this is unwonted360 +Which now came from him. +PROSPERO　Thou shalt be as free +To Ariel +As mountain winds; but then361 exactly do +All points of my command. +ARIEL　To th'syllable. +PROSPERO　Come, follow.— Speak not for him. +To Ferdinand/To Miranda +Exeunt +Act 2 +Scene 1running scene 3 +Enter Alonso, Sebastian, Antonio, Gonzalo, Adrian, Francisco and others +GONZALO　Beseech you, sir, be merry; you have cause — +To Alonso +So have we all — of joy, for our escape +Is much beyond362 our loss. Our hint363 of woe +Is common: every day some sailor's wife, +The masters of some merchant364, and the merchant +Have just our theme of woe. But for the miracle — +I mean our preservation — few in millions +Can speak like us: then wisely, good sir, weigh365 +Our sorrow with our comfort. +ALONSO　Prithee, peace366. +SEBASTIAN　He receives comfort like cold porridge. +Antonio and Sebastian speak apart +ANTONIO　The visitor367 will not give him o'er so. +SEBASTIAN　Look, he's winding up the watch of his wit368: by and by it will strike. +GONZALO　Sir— +To Alonso +SEBASTIAN　One: tell369. +GONZALO　When every grief is entertained370 that's offered, comes to th'entertainer— +SEBASTIAN　A dollar371. +Aside to Antonio, but overheard by Gonzalo +GONZALO　Dolour372 comes to him, indeed: you have spoken truer than you purposed373. +SEBASTIAN　You have taken it wiselier374 than I meant you should. +GONZALO　Therefore, my lord— +To Alonso +ANTONIO　Fie, what a spendthrift is he of his tongue! +ALONSO　I prithee, spare375. +To Gonzalo +GONZALO　Well, I have done: but yet— +SEBASTIAN　He will be talking. +ANTONIO　Which, of he or Adrian, for a good wager, first begins to crow376? +SEBASTIAN　The old cock. +ANTONIO　The cockerel377. +SEBASTIAN　Done. The wager378? +ANTONIO　A laughter379. +SEBASTIAN　A match! +ADRIAN　Though this island seem to be desert380— +SEBASTIAN　Ha, ha, ha! +ANTONIO　So: you're paid381. +ADRIAN　Uninhabitable and almost inaccessible— +SEBASTIAN　Yet— +ADRIAN　Yet— +ANTONIO　He could not miss't. +ADRIAN　It must needs be of subtle382, tender and delicate temperance383. +ANTONIO　Temperance was a delicate384 wench. +SEBASTIAN　Ay, and a subtle385, as he most learnedly delivered386. +ADRIAN　The air breathes upon us here most sweetly. +SEBASTIAN　As if it had lungs, and rotten ones. +ANTONIO　Or as 'twere perfumed by a fen387. +GONZALO　Here is everything advantageous to life. +ANTONIO　True: save388 means to live. +SEBASTIAN　Of that there's none, or little. +GONZALO　How lush and lusty389 the grass looks. How green! +ANTONIO　The ground indeed is tawny390. +SEBASTIAN　With an eye391 of green in't. +ANTONIO　He misses not much. +SEBASTIAN　No: he doth but mistake the truth totally. +GONZALO　But the rarity392 of it is — which is indeed almost beyond credit393— +SEBASTIAN　As many vouched394 rarities are. +GONZALO　—That our garments, being, as they were, drenched in the sea, hold notwithstanding their freshness and glosses, being rather new-dyed395 than stained with salt water. +ANTONIO　If but one of his pockets could speak, would it not say he lies? +SEBASTIAN　Ay, or very falsely pocket up396 his report. +GONZALO　Methinks our garments are now as fresh as when we put them on first in Afric397, at the marriage of the king's fair daughter Claribel to the King of Tunis398. +SEBASTIAN　'Twas a sweet marriage, and we prosper well in our return. +ADRIAN　Tunis was never graced before with such a paragon to their queen. +GONZALO　Not since widow Dido's399 time. +ANTONIO　Widow! A pox o'that! How came that 'widow' in400? Widow Dido! +SEBASTIAN　What if he had said 'widower Aeneas'401 too? Good lord, how you take it! +ADRIAN　'Widow Dido', said you? You make me study of402 that: she was of Carthage403, not of Tunis. +GONZALO　This Tunis, sir, was Carthage. +ADRIAN　Carthage? +GONZALO　I assure you, Carthage. +ANTONIO　His word is more than the miraculous harp404. +SEBASTIAN　He hath raised the wall and houses too. +ANTONIO　What impossible matter will he make easy next? +SEBASTIAN　I think he will carry this island home in his pocket and give it his son for an apple. +ANTONIO　And, sowing the kernels405 of it in the sea, bring forth more islands. +GONZALO　Ay. +ANTONIO　Why, in good time. +GONZALO　Sir, we were talking that our garments seem now as fresh as when we were at Tunis at the marriage of your daughter, who is now queen. +To Alonso +ANTONIO　And the rarest406 that e'er came there. +SEBASTIAN　Bate407, I beseech you, widow Dido. +ANTONIO　O, widow Dido? Ay, widow Dido408. +GONZALO　Is not, sir, my doublet409 as fresh as the first day I wore it? I mean, in a sort410— +ANTONIO　That sort411 was well fished for. +GONZALO　—When I wore it at your daughter's marriage. +ALONSO　You cram these words into mine ears against +The stomach412 of my sense413. Would I had never +Married my daughter there: for, coming thence, +My son is lost and — in my rate414 — she too, +Who is so far from Italy removed +I ne'er again shall see her. O thou mine heir +Of Naples and of Milan, what strange fish +Hath made his meal on thee? +FRANCISCO　Sir, he may live: +I saw him beat the surges415 under him, +And ride upon their backs; he trod the water, +Whose enmity he flung aside, and breasted +The surge most swoll'n that met him: his bold head +'Bove the contentious waves he kept, and oared416 +Himself with his good arms in lusty417 stroke +To th'shore, that o'er his wave-worn basis418 bowed, +As419 stooping to relieve him: I not doubt +He came alive to land. +ALONSO　No, no, he's gone. +SEBASTIAN　Sir, you may thank yourself for this great loss, +To Alonso +That would not bless our Europe with your daughter, +But rather loose420 her to an African, +Where she, at least, is banished from your eye, +Who421 hath cause to wet the grief422 on't. +ALONSO　Prithee, peace. +SEBASTIAN　You were kneeled to and importuned423 otherwise +By all of us: and the fair soul herself +Weighed between loathness424 and obedience at +Which end o'th'beam should bow425. We have lost your son, +I fear, forever: Milan and Naples have +More widows in them of this business' making +Than we bring men to comfort them. +The fault's your own. +ALONSO　So is the dear'st426 o'th'loss. +GONZALO　My lord Sebastian, +The truth you speak doth lack some gentleness, +And time427 to speak it in: you rub the sore, +When you should bring the plaster. +SEBASTIAN　Very well. +ANTONIO　And most chirurgeonly428. +GONZALO　It is foul weather in us all, good sir, +To Alonso +When you are cloudy. +SEBASTIAN　Foul weather? +ANTONIO　Very foul. +GONZALO　Had I plantation429 of this isle, my lord— +ANTONIO　He'd sow't with nettle-seed. +SEBASTIAN　Or docks, or mallows430. +GONZALO　And were the king on't, what would I do? +SEBASTIAN　Scape being drunk for want431 of wine. +GONZALO　I'th'commonwealth I would by contraries +Execute all things432: for no kind of traffic433 +Would I admit: no name of magistrate: +Letters434 should not be known: riches, poverty, +And use of service435, none: contract, succession436, +Bourn437, bound of land, tilth438, vineyard, none: +No use of metal, corn, or wine, or oil: +No occupation, all men idle, all: +And women too, but innocent and pure: +No sovereignty. +SEBASTIAN　Yet he would be king on't. +ANTONIO　The latter end of his commonwealth forgets the beginning. +GONZALO　All things in common439 nature should produce +Without sweat or endeavour: treason, felony, +Sword, pike440, knife, gun, or need of any engine441, +Would I not have: but nature should bring forth, +Of it own kind, all foison442, all abundance, +To feed my innocent people. +SEBASTIAN　No marrying 'mong his subjects? +ANTONIO　None, man, all idle: whores and knaves. +GONZALO　I would with such perfection govern, sir, +T'excel the golden age443. +SEBASTIAN　'Save his majesty! +ANTONIO　Long live Gonzalo! +Bowing or doffing hats +GONZALO　And — do you mark444 me, sir? +ALONSO　Prithee, no more: thou dost talk nothing to me. +GONZALO　I do well believe your highness: and did it to minister occasion445 to these gentlemen, who are of such sensible446 and nimble447 lungs that they always use448 to laugh at nothing. +ANTONIO　'Twas you we laughed at. +GONZALO　Who in this kind of merry fooling am nothing to you: so you may continue and laugh at nothing still. +ANTONIO　What a blow was there given! +SEBASTIAN　An it had not fallen flat-long449. +GONZALO　You are gentlemen of brave metal450: you would lift the moon out of her sphere451, if she would continue in it five weeks452 without changing. +Enter Ariel [invisible] playing solemn music +SEBASTIAN　We would so, and then go a-batfowling453. +ANTONIO　Nay, good my lord, be not angry. +GONZALO　No, I warrant454 you: I will not adventure my discretion so weakly455. Will you laugh me asleep, for I am very heavy456? +ANTONIO　Go sleep, and hear us. +All sleep except Alonso, Sebastian and Antonio +ALONSO　What, all so soon asleep? I wish mine eyes +Would, with themselves, shut up my thoughts. +I find they are inclined to do so. +SEBASTIAN　Please you, sir, +Do not omit457 the heavy offer of it458. +It seldom visits sorrow: when it doth, it is a comforter. +ANTONIO　We two, my lord, will guard your person +While you take your rest, and watch your safety. +ALONSO　Thank you. Wondrous heavy. +He sleeps +SEBASTIAN　What a strange drowsiness possesses them! +[Exit Ariel] +ANTONIO　It is the quality o'th'climate. +SEBASTIAN　Why +Doth it not then our eyelids sink? I find +Not myself disposed to sleep. +ANTONIO　Nor I: my spirits are nimble. +They fell together all, as459 by consent +They dropped, as by a thunder-stroke. What might, +Worthy Sebastian? O, what might? — No more.— +And yet, methinks I see it in thy face, +What thou shouldst be: th'occasion speaks460 thee, and +My strong imagination sees a crown +Dropping upon thy head. +SEBASTIAN　What? Art thou waking461? +ANTONIO　Do you not hear me speak? +SEBASTIAN　I do, and surely +It is a sleepy language and thou speak'st +Out of thy sleep. What is it thou didst say? +This is a strange repose, to be asleep +With eyes wide open: standing, speaking, moving, +And yet so fast asleep. +ANTONIO　Noble Sebastian, +Thou let'st thy fortune sleep — die, rather: wink'st462 +Whiles thou art waking. +SEBASTIAN　Thou dost snore distinctly463: +There's meaning in thy snores. +ANTONIO　I am more serious than my custom464: you +Must be so too, if heed465 me: which to do +Trebles thee o'er466. +SEBASTIAN　Well, I am standing water467. +ANTONIO　I'll teach you how to flow. +SEBASTIAN　Do so: to ebb +Hereditary sloth468 instructs me. +ANTONIO　O, +If you but knew how you the purpose cherish +Whiles thus you mock it469: how in stripping it +You more invest470 it. Ebbing471 men, indeed, +Most often, do so near the bottom run +By their own fear, or sloth. +SEBASTIAN　Prithee, say on472: +The setting473 of thine eye and cheek proclaim +A matter474 from thee; and a birth, indeed, +Which throes thee much to yield475. +ANTONIO　Thus, sir: +Although this lord476 of weak remembrance477, this, +Who shall be of as little memory478 +When he is earthed479, hath here almost persuaded — +For he's a spirit of480 persuasion, only +Professes481 to persuade — the king his son's alive: +'Tis as impossible that he's undrowned +As he that sleeps here swims. +SEBASTIAN　I have no hope +That he's undrowned. +ANTONIO　O, out of that 'no hope' +What great hope have you! No hope that way is +Another way so high a hope482, that even +Ambition cannot pierce a wink beyond, +But doubt discovery there483. Will you grant with me +That Ferdinand is drowned? +SEBASTIAN　He's gone. +ANTONIO　Then, tell me: who's the next heir of Naples? +SEBASTIAN　Claribel. +ANTONIO　She that is Queen of Tunis: she that dwells +Ten leagues484 beyond man's life485: she that from Naples +Can have no note486, unless the sun were post487 — +The man i'th'moon's too slow — till new-born chins +Be rough and razorable: she that from whom488 +We all were sea-swallowed, though some cast489 again — +And by that destiny — to perform an act +Whereof what's past is prologue490, what to come +In yours and my discharge491. +SEBASTIAN　What stuff492 is this? How say you? +'Tis true, my brother's daughter's Queen of Tunis: +So is she heir of Naples, 'twixt which regions +There is some space493. +ANTONIO　A space whose every cubit494 +Seems to cry out, 'How shall that Claribel +Measure us back495 to Naples? Keep496 in Tunis, +And let Sebastian wake497.' Say this were death +That now hath seized them: why, they were no worse +Than now they are. There be that can rule Naples +As well as he498 that sleeps: lords that can prate499 +As amply and unnecessarily +As this Gonzalo: I myself could make +A chough of as deep chat500. O, that you bore +The mind that I do501! What a sleep were this +For your advancement! Do you understand me? +SEBASTIAN　Methinks I do. +ANTONIO　And how does your content502 +Tender503 your own good fortune? +SEBASTIAN　I remember +You did supplant504 your brother Prospero. +ANTONIO　True: +And look how well my garments505 sit upon me, +Much feater506 than before. My brother's servants +Were then my fellows507: now they are my men508. +SEBASTIAN　But for your conscience. +ANTONIO　Ay, sir: where lies that? If 'twere a kibe509, +'Twould put me to510 my slipper: but I feel not +This deity511 in my bosom: twenty consciences +That stand 'twixt me and Milan, candied512 be they, +And melt ere they molest! Here lies your brother, +No better than the earth he lies upon, +If he were that which now he's like — that's dead — +Whom I with this obedient steel — three inches of it — +Touching sword or dagger +Can lay to bed forever: whiles you, doing thus, +To the perpetual wink513 for aye514 might put +This ancient morsel515, this Sir Prudence, who +Should not516 upbraid our course. For all the rest, +They'll take suggestion as a cat laps milk: +They'll tell the clock to any business that +We say befits the hour517. +SEBASTIAN　Thy case, dear friend, +Shall be my precedent. As thou got'st Milan, +I'll come by Naples. Draw thy sword: one stroke +Shall free thee from the tribute518 which thou payest, +And I the king shall love thee. +ANTONIO　Draw together: +And when I rear519 my hand, do you the like, +To fall it on Gonzalo. +SEBASTIAN　O, but one word. +They talk apart +Enter Ariel [invisible] with music and song +ARIEL　My master through his art foresees the danger +To Gonzalo, who still sleeps +That you, his friend, are in, and sends me forth — +For else his project520 dies — to keep them living. +While you here do snoring lie, +Sings in Gonzalo's ear +Open-eyed conspiracy +His time521 doth take. +If of life you keep a care, +Shake off slumber, and beware: +Awake, awake! +ANTONIO　Then let us both be sudden. +Antonio and Sebastian draw their swords +GONZALO　Now, good angels preserve the king! +Waking +ALONSO　Why, how now? Ho, awake! Why are you drawn? +The others wake +Wherefore this ghastly522 looking? +GONZALO　What's the matter? +SEBASTIAN　Whiles we stood here securing your repose, +Even now, we heard a hollow burst of bellowing +Like bulls, or rather lions: did't not wake you? +It struck mine ear most terribly. +ALONSO　I heard nothing. +ANTONIO　O, 'twas a din to fright a monster's ear, +To make an earthquake! Sure it was the roar +Of a whole herd of lions. +ALONSO　Heard you this, Gonzalo? +GONZALO　Upon mine honour, sir, I heard a humming, +And that a strange one too, which did awake me: +I shaked you, sir, and cried: as mine eyes opened, +I saw their weapons drawn: there was a noise, +That's verily523. 'Tis best we stand upon our guard, +Or that we quit this place: let's draw our weapons. +ALONSO　Lead off this ground, and let's make further search +For my poor son. +GONZALO　Heavens keep him from these beasts! +For he is sure i'th'island. +ALONSO　Lead away. +ARIEL　Prospero, my lord, shall know what I have done. +So, king, go safely on to seek thy son. +Exeunt [separately] +Scene 2running scene 4 +Enter Caliban with a burden of wood. A noise of thunder heard +CALIBAN　All the infections that the sun sucks up +From bogs, fens, flats524, on Prosper fall, and make him +By inch-meal525 a disease. His spirits hear me, +And yet I needs must curse. But they'll nor526 pinch527, +Fright me with urchin-shows528, pitch me i'th'mire, +Nor lead me like a firebrand529 in the dark +Out of my way, unless he bid 'em: but +For every trifle are they set upon me, +Sometime like apes, that mow530 and chatter at me, +And after bite me: then like hedgehogs, which +Lie tumbling in my barefoot way and mount +Their pricks at my footfall: sometime am I +All wound531 with adders, who with cloven532 tongues +Do hiss me into madness. +Enter Trinculo533 +Lo534, now, lo! +Here comes a spirit of his, and to torment me +For bringing wood in slowly. I'll fall flat: +Perchance he will not mind535 me. +Lies down and covers himself with his cloak +TRINCULO　Here's neither bush nor shrub to bear off536 any weather at all, and another storm brewing: I hear it sing i'th'wind: yond same black cloud, yond huge one, looks like a foul bombard537 that would shed his liquor. If it should thunder as it did before, I know not where to hide my head: yond same cloud cannot choose but fall by pailfuls. What have we here? A man or a fish? Dead or alive? A fish, he smells like a fish: a very ancient and fishlike smell: a kind of not-of-the-newest poor-John538. A strange fish! Were I in England now — as once I was — and had but this fish painted539, not a holiday fool there but would give a piece of silver: there would this monster make a man540: any strange beast there makes a man: when they will not give a doit541 to relieve a lame beggar, they will lay out ten to see a dead Indian542. Legged543 like a man and his fins like arms! Warm, o'my troth! I do now let loose544 my opinion, hold it no longer: this is no fish, but an islander that hath lately suffered by a thunderbolt. Alas, the storm is come again! My best way is to creep under his gaberdine545: there is no other shelter hereabout. Misery acquaints a man with strange bedfellows: I will here shroud546 till the dregs of the storm be past. +Sees Caliban +Thunder +Trinculo gets under +Caliban's cloak +Enter Stephano, singing +With a bottle in his hand +STEPHANO　I shall no more to sea, to sea: +Here shall I die ashore— +This is a very scurvy547 tune to sing at a man's funeral: well, here's my comfort. +Drinks +The master, the swabber548, the boatswain and I, +Sings +The gunner and his mate, +Loved Mall, Meg and Marian and Margery, +But none of us cared for Kate. +For she had a tongue with a tang549, +Would cry to a sailor, 'Go hang!' +She loved not the savour550 of tar nor of pitch, +Yet a tailor might scratch her where'er she did itch551: +Then to sea, boys, and let her go hang! +This is a scurvy tune too: but here's my comfort. +Drinks +CALIBAN　Do not torment me: O! +STEPHANO　What's the matter552? Have we devils here? Do you put tricks upon's with savages and men of Ind553, ha? I have not scaped drowning to be afeard now of your four legs: for it hath been said, 'As proper554 a man as ever went on four legs555, cannot make him give ground556': and it shall be said so again, while Stephano breathes at'nostrils557. +CALIBAN　The spirit torments me: O! +STEPHANO　This is some monster of the isle with four legs, who hath got, as I take it, an ague558. Where the devil should he learn our language? I will give him some relief559, if it be but for that. If I can recover560 him, and keep him tame, and get to Naples with him, he's a present for any emperor that ever trod on neat's leather561. +CALIBAN　Do not torment me, prithee: I'll bring my wood home faster. +STEPHANO　He's in his fit now, and does not talk after562 the wisest. He shall taste of my bottle: if he have never drunk wine afore, it will go near to remove his fit. If I can recover him563 and keep him tame, I will not take too much for him: he shall pay for him that hath him, and that soundly. +CALIBAN　Thou dost me yet but little hurt: thou wilt anon564, I know it by thy trembling. Now Prosper works upon thee. +STEPHANO　Come on your ways565: open your mouth: here is that which will give language to you, cat566. Open your mouth: this will shake567 your shaking, I can tell you, and that soundly: you cannot tell who's your friend: open your chaps568 again. +Gives Caliban +a drink +Caliban spits it out +TRINCULO　I should know that voice: it should be— but he is drowned, and these are devils. O, defend me! +STEPHANO　Four legs and two voices: a most delicate569 monster! His forward voice now is to speak well of his friend: his backward voice is to utter foul speeches and to detract570. If all the wine in my bottle will recover him, I will help his ague. Come. Amen! I will pour some in thy other mouth. +TRINCULO　Stephano! +STEPHANO　Doth thy other mouth call me? Mercy, mercy! This is a devil, and no monster: I will leave him, I have no long spoon571. +TRINCULO　Stephano! If thou be'st Stephano, touch me and speak to me, for I am Trinculo — be not afeard — thy good friend Trinculo. +STEPHANO　If thou be'st Trinculo, come forth: I'll pull thee by the lesser legs572. If any be Trinculo's legs, these are they. Thou art very Trinculo indeed! How cam'st thou to be the siege573 of this moon-calf574 ? Can he vent575 Trinculos? +Pulls him out +TRINCULO　I took him to be killed with a thunder-stroke: but art thou not drowned, Stephano? I hope now thou art not drowned: is the storm overblown576? I hid me under the dead moon-calf 's gaberdine for fear of the storm: and art thou living, Stephano? O Stephano, two Neapolitans scaped! +Trinculo and Stephano embrace or dance +STEPHANO　Prithee, do not turn me about: my stomach is not constant. +CALIBAN　These be fine things, an if577 they be not sprites. That's a brave god and bears celestial liquor: I will kneel to him. +Aside +STEPHANO　How didst thou scape? How cam'st thou hither? Swear by this bottle how thou cam'st hither. I escaped upon a butt of sack578 which the sailors heaved o'erboard, by this bottle which I made of the bark of a tree with mine own hands since I was cast ashore. +CALIBAN　I'll swear upon that bottle to be thy true subject, for the liquor is not earthly. +STEPHANO　Here: swear then how thou escap'dst. +TRINCULO　Swum ashore, man, like a duck: I can swim like a duck, I'll be sworn. +STEPHANO　Here, kiss the book579. Though thou canst swim like a duck, thou art made like a goose580. +Gives Trinculo the bottle +TRINCULO　O Stephano, hast any more of this? \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/shakespeare_en500.txt b/data/shakespeare_en500.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e94780ffee82a8488caa3d88b1cdb71936d19b5a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/shakespeare_en500.txt @@ -0,0 +1,500 @@ +Copyright © Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2016 +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. +Published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press +No. 19 Xisanhuan Beilu +http://www.fltrp.com +The Tempest +Copyright©The Royal Shakespeare Company, 2007 +All rights reserved +Published by arrangement with Random House, an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc. +ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +Introduction to The Tempest +The Tempest +User's Guide +4 In der Beschränkung zeigt sich erst der Meister, / Und das Gesetz nur kann uns Freiheit geben. 参见http://www.business-it.nl/files/7d413a5dca62fc735a072b16fbf050b1-27.php. +5 Vergebens werden ungebundene Geister / Nach der Vollendung reiner Höhe streben. 参见http://www.cosmiq.de/qa/show/3454062/Vergebens-werden-ungebundne-Geister-Nach-der-Vollendung-reiner-Hoehe-streben-Was-ist-dieBedeutung-dieser-2-Verse-Ich-komm-nicht-drauf/t. +Introduction to The Tempest +The Tempest was almost certainly Shakespeare's last solo-authored play. We do not know whether he anticipated that this would be the case. It was also the first play to be printed in the First Folio. Again, we do not know whether it was given pride of place because the editors of the Folio regarded it as a showpiece – the summation of the master's art – or for the more mundane reason that they had a clean copy in the clear hand of the scribe Ralph Crane, which would have given the compositors a relatively easy start as they set to work on the mammoth task of typesetting nearly a million words of Shakespeare. Whether it found its position by chance or design, The Tempest's place at the end of Shakespeare's career and the beginning of his collected works has profoundly shaped responses to the play ever since the early nineteenth century. It has come to be regarded as the touchstone of Shakespearean interpretation. +The narrative is concentrated on questions of mastery and rule. During the tempest in the opening scene, the normal social order is out of joint: the boatswain commands the courtiers in the knowledge that the roaring waves care nothing for 'the name of king'. Then the back story, unfolded at length in Act 1 scene 2, tells of conspirators who do not respect the title of duke: we learn of Prospero's loss of power in Milan and the compensatory command he has gained over Ariel and Caliban on the island. The Ferdinand and Miranda love-knot is directed towards the future government of Milan and Naples. There is further politic plotting: Sebastian and Antonio's plan to murder King Alonso and good Gonzalo, the madcap scheme of the base-born characters to overthrow Prospero and make drunken butler Stephano king of the island. The theatrical coups performed by Prospero, assisted by Ariel and the other spirits of the island – the freezing of the conspirators, the harpy and the vanishing banquet, the masque of goddesses and agricultural workers, the revelation of the lovers playing at chess – all serve the purpose of requiting the sins of the past, restoring order in the present and preparing for a harmonious future. Once the work is done, Ariel is released (with a pang) and Prospero is ready to prepare his own spirit for death. Even Caliban will 'seek for grace'. +But Shakespeare never keeps it simple. Prospero's main aim in conjuring up the storm and bringing the court to the island is to force his usurping brother Antonio into repentance. Yet when the climactic confrontation comes, Antonio does not say a word in reply to Prospero's combination of forgiveness and demand. He wholly fails to follow the good example set by Alonso a few lines before. As for Antonio's sidekick Sebastian, he has the temerity to ascribe Prospero's magical foresight to demonic influence. For all the powers at Prospero's command, there is no way of predicting or controlling human nature. A conscience cannot be created where there is none. +Samuel Taylor Coleridge described Prospero as 'the very Shakespeare, as it were, of the tempest'. In other words, the leading character's conjuring up of the storm in the opening scene corresponds to the dramatist's conjuring up of the whole world of the play. The art of Prospero harnesses the power of nature in order to bring the other Italian characters to join him in his exile; by the same account, the art of Shakespeare transforms the platform of the stage into a ship at sea and then 'an uninhabited island'. 'Art' is the play's key word. Caliban is Prospero's 'other' because he represents the state of nature. In the Darwinian nineteenth century, he was recast as the 'missing link' between humankind and our animal ancestors. +Prospero's back story tells of a progression from the 'liberal arts' that offered a training for governors to the more dangerous 'art' of magic. Magical thinking was universal in the age of Shakespeare. Everyone was brought up to believe that there was another realm beyond that of nature, a realm of the spirit and of spirits. 'Natural' and 'demonic' magic were the two branches of the study and manipulation of preternatural phenomena. Magic meant the knowledge of hidden things and the art of working wonders. For some, it was the highest form of natural philosophy: the word came from magia, the ancient Persian term for wisdom. The 'occult philosophy', as it was known, postulated a hierarchy of powers, with influence descending from disembodied ('intellectual') angelic spirits to the stellar and planetary world of the heavens to earthly things and their physical changes. The magician ascends to knowledge of higher powers and draws them down artificially to produce wonderful effects. Cornelius Agrippa, author of the influential De occulta philosophia, argued that 'ceremonial magic' was needed in order to reach the angelic intelligences above the stars. This was the highest and most dangerous level of activity, since it was all too easy – as Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus found – to conjure up a devil instead of an angel. The more common form of 'natural magic' involved 'marrying' heaven to earth, working with the occult correspondences between the stars and the elements of the material world. The enduring conception of astrological influences is a vestige of this mode of thought. For a Renaissance mage such as Girolamo Cardano, who practised in Milan, medicine, natural philosophy, mathematics, astrology and dream interpretation were all intimately connected. +But natural magic could never escape its demonic shadow. For every learned mage such as Agrippa or Cardano, there were a thousand village 'wise women' practising folk medicine and fortunetelling. All too often, the latter found themselves demonized as witches, blamed for crop failure, livestock disease and the other ills of life in the pre-modern era. Prospero is keen to contrast his own white magic with the black arts of Sycorax, Caliban's mother, but the play establishes strong parallels between them. He was exiled from Milan to the island because his devotion to his secret studies gave Antonio the opportunity to usurp the dukedom, whilst Sycorax was exiled from Algiers to the island because she was accused of witchcraft; he arrived with his young daughter, whilst she arrived pregnant with the child she had supposedly conceived by sleeping with the devil. Each of them can command the tides and manipulate the spirit-world that is embodied by Ariel. When Prospero comes to renounce his magic, he describes his powers in words borrowed from the incantation of another witch, Medea in Ovid's great storehouse of ancient mythological tales, the Metamorphoses. Prospero at some level registers his own kinship with Sycorax when he says of Caliban 'this thing of darkness I / Acknowledge mine'. The splitting of subject and verb across the line ending here, ensuring a moment's hesitation in the acknowledgement, is an extreme instance of the suppleness with which late Shakespeare handles his iambic pentameter verse. +Shakespeare loved to set up oppositions, then shade his black and white into grey areas of moral complexity. In Milan, Prospero's inward-looking study of the liberal arts had led to the loss of power and the establishment of tyranny. On the island he seeks to make amends by applying what he has learned, by using active magic to bring repentance, restore his dukedom and set up a dynastic marriage. Yet at the beginning of the fifth act he sees that to be truly human is a matter not of exercising wisdom for the purposes of rule, but of practising a more strictly Christian version of virtue. For sixteenth-century humanists, education in princely virtue meant the cultivation for political ends of wisdom, magnanimity, temperance and integrity. For Prospero what finally matters is kindness. And this is something that the master learns from his pupil: it is Ariel who teaches Prospero about 'feeling', not vice versa. +Ariel represents fire and air, concord and music, loyal service. Caliban is of the earth, associated with discord, drunkenness and rebellion. Ariel's medium of expression is delicate verse, whilst Caliban's is for the most part a robust, often ribald, prose like that of the jester Trinculo and drunken butler Stephano. But, astonishingly, it is Caliban who speaks the play's most beautiful verse when he hears the music of Ariel. Even in prose, Caliban has a wonderful attunement to the natural environment: he knows every corner, every species of the island. Prospero calls him 'A devil, a born devil, on whose nature / Nurture can never stick', yet in the very next speech Caliban enters with the line 'Pray you tread softly, that the blind mole may not hear a footfall', words of such strong imagination that Prospero's claim is instantly belied. +Caliban's purported sexual assault on Miranda shows that Prospero failed in his attempt to tame the animal instincts of the 'man-monster' and educate him into humanity. But who bears responsibility for the failure? Could it be that the problem arises from what Prospero has imprinted on Caliban's memory, not from the latter's nature? Caliban initially welcomed Prospero to the island and offered to share its fruits, every bit in the manner of the 'noble savages' in Michel de Montaigne's essay 'Of the Cannibals', which was another source from which Shakespeare quoted in the play (Gonzalo's Utopian 'golden age' vision of how he would govern the isle is borrowed from the English translation of Montaigne). Caliban only acts basely after Prospero has printed that baseness on him; what makes Caliban 'filth' may be the lessons in which Prospero has taught him that he is 'filth'. +Caliban understands the power of the book: as fashioners of modern coups d'état begin by seizing the television station, so he stresses that the rebellion against Prospero must begin by taking possession of his books. But Stephano has another book. 'Here is that which will give language to you', he says to Caliban, replicating Prospero's gaining of control through language – but in a different mode. Textual inculcation is replaced by intoxication: the book that is kissed is the bottle. The dialogic spirit that is fostered by Shakespeare's technique of scenic counterpoint thus calls into question Prospero's use of books. If Stephano and Trinculo achieve through their alcohol what Prospero achieves through his teaching (in each case Caliban is persuaded to serve and to share the fruits of the isle), is not that teaching exposed as potentially nothing more than a means of social control? Prospero often seems more interested in the power-structure that is established by his schoolmastering than in the substance of what he teaches. It is hard to see how making Ferdinand carry logs is intended to inculcate virtue; its purpose is to elicit submission. +Arrival on an island uninhabited by Europeans, talk of 'plantation', an encounter with a 'savage' in which alcohol is exchanged for survival skills, a process of language learning in which it is made clear who is master and who is slave, fear that the slave will impregnate the master's daughter, the desire to make the savage seek for Christian 'grace' (though also a proposal that he should be shipped to England and exhibited for profit), references to the dangerous weather of the Bermudas and to a 'brave new world': in all these respects, The Tempest conjures up the spirit of European colonialism. Shakespeare had contacts with members of the Virginia Company, which had been established by royal charter in 1606 and was instrumental in the foundation of the Jamestown colony in America the following year. Some time in the autumn of 1610, a letter reached England describing how a fleet sent to reinforce the colony had been broken up by a storm in the Caribbean; the ship carrying the new governor had been driven to Bermuda, where the crew and passengers had wintered. Though the letter was not published at the time, it circulated in manuscript and inspired at least two pamphlets about these events. Scholars debate the extent to which Shakespeare made direct use of these materials, but certain details of the storm and the island seem to be derived from them. There is no doubt that the seemingly miraculous survival of the governor's party and the fertile environment they discovered in the Bahamas were topics of great public interest at the time of the play. +The British Empire, the slave trade and the riches of the spice routes lay in the future. Shakespeare's play is set in the Mediterranean, not the Caribbean. Caliban cannot strictly be described as a native of the island. And yet the play intuits the dynamic of colonial possession and dispossession with such uncanny power that in 1950 a book by Octave Mannoni called The Psychology of Colonisation could argue that the process functioned by means of a pair of reciprocal neuroses: the 'Prospero complex' on the part of the colonizer and the 'Caliban complex' on that of the colonized. It was in response to Mannoni that Frantz Fanon wrote Black Skin, White Masks, a book that did much to shape the intellectual terrain of the 'post-colonial' era. For many Anglophone Caribbean writers of the late twentieth century, The Tempest, and the figure of Caliban in particular, became a focal point for discovery of their own literary voices. The play is less a reflection of imperial history – after all, Prospero is an exile, not a venturer – than an anticipation of it. +As regular players at royal command performances in the Whitehall Palace, the King's Men knew that from the end of 1608 onwards, the teenage Princess Elizabeth was resident at court. A cultured young woman who enjoyed music and dancing, she participated in court festivals and in 1610 danced in a masque called Tethys. Masques – performed by a mixed cast of royalty, courtiers and professional actors, staged with spectacular scenery and elaborate music – were the height of fashion at court in these years. Shakespeare's friend and rival Ben Jonson, working in conjunction with the designer Inigo Jones, was carving out a role for himself as the age's leading masque-wright. In 1608 he introduced the 'antimasque' (or 'antemasque'), a convention whereby grotesque figures known as 'antics' danced boisterously prior to the graceful and harmonious masque itself. Shakespeare nods to contemporary fashion by including a betrothal masque within the action of The Tempest, together with the antimasque farce of Caliban, Stephano and Trinculo smelling of horse-piss, stealing clothes from a line and being chased away by dogs. One almost wonders whether the figure of Prospero is a gentle parody of Ben Jonson: his theatrical imagination is bound by the classical unities of time and place (as Jonson's was) and he stages a court masque (as Jonson did). Perhaps this is why a few years later, in his Bartholomew Fair, Jonson parodied The Tempest in return. +Prospero's Christian language reaches its most sustained pitch in the epilogue, but his final request is for the indulgence not of God but of the audience. At the last moment, humanist learning is replaced not by Christian but by theatrical faith. Because of this it has been possible for the play to be read, as it so often has been since the Romantic period, as Shakespeare's defence of his own dramatic art. Ironically, though, the play itself is profoundly sceptical of the power of the book and even of the theatre. The book of art is drowned, whilst the masque and its players dissolve into vacancy like a 'baseless fabric' or a dream. +KEY FACTS +PLOT: Twelve years ago Prospero, the Duke of Milan, was usurped by his brother, Antonio, with the help of Alonso, King of Naples, and the King's brother Sebastian. Prospero and his baby daughter Miranda were put to sea and landed on a distant island where ever since, by the use of his magic art, he has ruled over the spirit Ariel and the savage Caliban. He uses his powers to raise a storm which shipwrecks his enemies on the island. Alonso searches for his son, Ferdinand, although fearing him to be drowned. Sebastian plots to kill Alonso and seize the crown. The drunken butler, Stephano, and the jester, Trinculo, encounter Caliban and are persuaded by him to kill Prospero so that they can rule the island. Ferdinand meets Miranda and they fall instantly in love. Prospero sets heavy tasks to test Ferdinand and, when satisfied, presents the young couple with a betrothal masque. As Prospero's plan draws to its climax, he confronts his enemies and forgives them. Prospero grants Ariel his freedom and prepares to leave the island for Milan. +MAJOR PARTS: (with percentage of lines/number of speeches/scenes on stage) Prospero (30%/115/5), Ariel (9%/45/6), Caliban (8%/50/5), Stephano (7%/60/4), Gonzalo (7%/52/4), Sebastian (5%/67/4), Antonio (6%/57/4), Miranda (6%/49/4), Ferdinand (6%/31/4), Alonso (5%/40/4), Trinculo (4%/39/4). +LINGUISTIC MEDIUM: 80% verse, 20% prose. +DATE: 1611. Performed at court, 1 November 1611; uses source material not available before autumn 1610. +SOURCES: No known source for main plot, but some details of the tempest and the island seem to derive from William Strachey, A True Reportory of the Wreck and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight (written 1610, published in Purchas his Pilgrims, 1625) and perhaps Sylvester Jourdain, A Discovery of the Bermudas (1610) and the Virginia Company's pamphlet A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colony in Virginia (1610); several allusions to Virgil's Aeneid and Ovid's Metamorphoses (most notably the imitation in Act 5 scene 1 of Arthur Golding's 1567 translation of Medea's incantation in Ovid's 7th book); Gonzalo's 'golden age' oration in Act 2 scene 1 based closely on Michel de Montaigne's essay 'Of the Cannibals', translated by John Florio (1603). +TEXT: First Folio of 1623 is the only early printed text. Based on a transcript by Ralph Crane, professional scribe working for the King's Men. Generally good quality of printing. +The Tempest +PROSPERO, the right Duke of Milan +MIRANDA, his daughter +ALONSO, King of Naples +SEBASTIAN, his brother +ANTONIO, Prospero's brother, the usurping Duke of Milan +FERDINAND, son to the King of Naples +GONZALO, an honest old councillor +ADRIAN and FRANCISCO, lords +TRINCULO, a jester +STEPHANO, a drunken butler +MASTER of a ship +BOATSWAIN +MARINERS +CALIBAN, a savage and deformed slave +ARIEL, an airy spirit +The Scene: an uninhabited island +Act 1 +Scene 11running scene 1 +A tempestuous noise of thunder and lightning heard. Enter a Shipmaster and a Boatswain2 +MASTER Boatswain! +BOATSWAIN Here, master. What cheer3? +MASTER Good4: speak to th'mariners. Fall to't yarely5, or we run ourselves aground! Bestir6, bestir! +Exit +Enter Mariners +BOATSWAIN Heigh, my hearts7! Cheerly8, cheerly, my hearts! Yare, yare9! Take in the topsail10. Tend11 to th'master's whistle.— Blow, till thou burst thy wind, if room enough12. +To the storm +Enter Alonso, Sebastian, Antonio, Ferdinand, Gonzalo and others +ALONSO Good boatswain, have13 care. Where's the master? Play the14 men. +BOATSWAIN I pray now, keep below. +ANTONIO Where is the master, boatswain? +BOATSWAIN Do you not hear him? You mar15 our labour. Keep your cabins! You do assist the storm. +GONZALO Nay, good, be patient. +BOATSWAIN When the sea is. Hence16! What cares these roarers17 for the name of king? To cabin! Silence! Trouble us not. +GONZALO Good, yet remember whom thou hast aboard. +BOATSWAIN None that I more love than myself. You are a counsellor18: if you can command these elements to silence, and work the peace of the present19, we will not hand20 a rope more: use your authority. If you cannot, give thanks you have lived so long, and make yourself ready in your cabin for the mischance of the hour, if it so hap21.— Cheerly, good hearts!— +To the Mariners +Out of our way, I say. +To the Courtiers +Exeunt [Boatswain with Mariners, followed by Alonso, Sebastian, Antonio and Ferdinand] +GONZALO I have great comfort from this fellow: methinks he hath no drowning mark22 upon him: his complexion is perfect gallows23. Stand fast, good Fate, to his hanging: make the rope of his destiny24 our cable25, for our own doth little advantage. If he be not born to be hanged, our case is miserable. +Exit +Enter Boatswain +BOATSWAIN Down with the topmast26! Yare! Lower, lower! Bring her to try with main course27. (A cry within) A plague upon this howling! They are louder than the weather or our office28. +Enter Sebastian, Antonio and Gonzalo +Yet again? What do you here? Shall we give o'er29 and drown? Have you a mind to sink? +SEBASTIAN A pox30cur31 o'your throat, you bawling, blasphemous, incharitable dog! +BOATSWAIN Work you then. +ANTONIO Hang, cur! Hang, you whoreson, insolent noisemaker! We are less afraid to be drowned than thou art. +GONZALO I'll warrant him for drowning32, though the ship were no stronger than a nutshell and as leaky as an unstanched33 wench. +BOATSWAIN Lay her ahold34, ahold! Set her two courses off to35 sea again! Lay her off! +Enter Mariners, wet +MARINERS All lost! To prayers, to prayers! All lost! +BOATSWAIN What, must our mouths be cold36? +GONZALO The king and prince at prayers: let's assist them, for our case is as theirs. +SEBASTIAN I'm out of patience. +ANTONIO We are merely37 cheated of our lives by drunkards. This wide-chopped38 rascal: would thou mightst lie drowning, the washing of ten tides39! +GONZALO He'll be hanged yet40, +Though every drop of water swear against it +And gape at wid'st41 to glut42 him. +[Exeunt Boatswain and Mariners] +A confused noise within +[VOICES OFF-STAGE] Mercy on us! — We split43, we split! — Farewell, my wife and children! — Farewell, brother! — We split, we split, we split! +ANTONIO Let's all sink wi'th'king. +SEBASTIAN Let's take leave of him. +Exeunt[Antonio and Sebastian] +GONZALO Now would I give a thousand furlong44s of sea for an acre45 of barren ground: long heath46, brown furze47, anything. The wills above be done! But I would fain48 die a dry death. +Exit +Scene 249running scene 2 +Enter Prospero50 and Miranda51 +MIRANDA If by your art52, my dearest father, you have +Put the wild waters in this roar, allay53 them. +The sky, it seems, would pour down stinking pitch54, +But that the sea, mounting to th'welkin's55 cheek, +Dashes the fire56 out. O, I have suffered +With those that I saw suffer: a brave57 vessel — +Who had, no doubt, some noble creature in her — +Dashed all to pieces. O, the cry did knock +Against my very heart. Poor souls, they perished. +Had I been any god of power, I would +Have sunk the sea within the earth, or ere58 +It should the good ship so have swallowed, and +The fraughting souls59 within her. +PROSPERO Be collected60: +No more amazement61. Tell your piteous heart +There's no harm done. +MIRANDA O, woe the day! +PROSPERO No harm: +I have done nothing but in care of thee — +Of thee, my dear one, thee, my daughter — who +Art ignorant of what thou art: nought knowing +Of whence I am62, nor that I am more better63 +Than Prospero, master of a full poor cell64, +And thy no greater father65. +MIRANDA More to know66 +Did never meddle with67 my thoughts. +PROSPERO 'Tis time +I should inform thee further. Lend thy hand +And pluck my magic garment from me. So: +Lays down his magic cloak +Lie there, my art. Wipe thou thine eyes, have comfort. +The direful spectacle of the wreck, which touched +The very virtue of compassion in thee, +I have with such provision68 in mine art +So safely ordered that there is no soul — +No, not so much perdition69 as an hair +Betid70 to any creature in the vessel +Which thou heard'st cry, which thou saw'st sink. Sit down, +Miranda sits +For thou must now know further. +MIRANDA You have often +Begun to tell me what I am, but stopped +And left me to a bootless inquisition71, +Concluding 'Stay: not yet.' +PROSPERO The hour's now come, +The very minute bids thee ope72 thine ear: +Obey, and be attentive. Canst thou remember +A time before we came unto this cell? +I do not think thou canst, for then thou wast not +Out73 three years old. +MIRANDA Certainly, sir, I can. +PROSPERO By what? By any other house or person? +Of any thing the image, tell me, that +Hath kept with thy remembrance74. +MIRANDA 'Tis far off, +And rather like a dream than an assurance75 +That my remembrance warrants76. Had I not +Four or five women once that tended77 me? +PROSPERO Thou hadst; and more, Miranda. But how is it +That this lives in thy mind? What see'st thou else +In the dark backward78 and abysm79 of time? +If thou rememb'rest aught80 ere thou cam'st here, +How thou cam'st here thou mayst. +MIRANDA But that I do not. +PROSPERO Twelve year since, Miranda, twelve year since, +Thy father was the Duke of Milan and +A prince of power. +MIRANDA Sir, are not you my father? +PROSPERO Thy mother was a piece81 of virtue, and +She said thou wast my daughter; and thy father +Was Duke of Milan, and his only heir +And princess, no worse issued82. +MIRANDA O the heavens! +What foul play had we, that we came from thence? +Or blessèd83 wast we did? +PROSPERO Both, both, my girl. +By foul play — as thou say'st — were we heaved thence, +But blessedly holp84 hither. +MIRANDA O, my heart bleeds +To think o'th'teen85 that I have turned you to86, +Which is from87 my remembrance. Please you, further. +PROSPERO My brother and thy uncle, called Antonio — +I pray thee, mark88 me — that a brother should +Be so perfidious89 — he whom next thyself +Of all the world I loved, and to him put +The manage90 of my state, as at that time +Through all the signories91 it was the first, +And Prospero the prime92 duke, being so reputed +In dignity, and for the liberal arts93 +Without a parallel; those being all my study, +The government I cast upon my brother +And to my state94 grew stranger95, being transported +And rapt96 in secret studies. Thy false uncle — +Dost thou attend me? +MIRANDA Sir, most heedfully. +PROSPERO Being once perfected97 how to grant suits98, +How to deny them, who t'advance and who +To trash for over-topping99, new created +The creatures that were mine100, I say, or changed 'em101, +Or else new formed 'em102; having both the key103 +Of officer and office, set all hearts i'th'state +To what tune pleased his ear, that104 now he was +The ivy which had hid my princely trunk105 +And sucked my verdure106 out on't.— Thou attend'st not. +MIRANDA O good sir, I do. +PROSPERO I pray thee, mark me: +I, thus neglecting worldly ends107, all dedicated +To closeness108 and the bettering of my mind +With that, which but109 by being so retired110, +O'er-prized all popular rate111, in my false brother +Awaked an evil nature, and my trust, +Like a good parent112, did beget of113 him +A falsehood in its contrary114, as great +As my trust was, which had indeed no limit, +A confidence sans115 bound. He being thus lorded116, +Not only with what my revenue yielded, +But what my power might else exact117: like one +Who having into118 truth, by telling of it119, +Made such a sinner of his memory +To credit his own lie120, he did believe +He was indeed the duke, out o'th'substitution121 +And executing th'outward face122 of royalty +With all prerogative: hence his ambition growing — +Dost thou hear? +MIRANDA Your tale, sir, would cure deafness. +PROSPERO To have no screen123 between this part he played, +And him124 he played it for, he needs will be +Absolute Milan125. Me — poor man — my library +Was dukedom large enough: of temporal royalties126 +He thinks me now incapable. Confederates127 — +So dry128 he was for sway129 — wi'th'King of Naples +To give him annual tribute130, do him homage, +Subject his coronet to his crown131, and bend +The dukedom yet132 unbowed — alas, poor Milan — +To most ignoble stooping. +MIRANDA O the heavens! +PROSPERO Mark his condition133 and th'event134, then tell me +If this might be a brother135. +MIRANDA I should sin +To think but136 nobly of my grandmother: +Good wombs have borne bad sons. +PROSPERO Now the condition. +This King of Naples, being an enemy +To me inveterate137, hearkens138 my brother's suit, +Which was, that he139, in lieu o'th'premises +Of homage140, and I know not how much tribute141, +Should presently extirpate142 me and mine +Out of the dukedom, and confer fair Milan, +With all the honours, on my brother: whereon, +A treacherous army levied, one midnight +Fated to th'purpose, did Antonio open +The gates of Milan, and i'th'dead of darkness +The ministers143 for th'purpose hurried thence144 +Me and thy crying self. +MIRANDA Alack, for pity! +I, not rememb'ring how I cried out then, +Will cry it o'er again: it is a hint145 +That wrings mine eyes to't. +PROSPERO Hear a little further, +And then I'll bring thee to the present business +Which now's upon's: without the which, this story +Were most impertinent146. +MIRANDA Wherefore did they not +That hour destroy us? +PROSPERO Well demanded, wench: +My tale provokes that question. Dear, they durst147 not, +So dear the love my people bore me: nor set +A mark so bloody on the business: but +With colours fairer, painted148 their foul ends. +In few149, they hurried us aboard a barque150, +Bore us some leagues to sea, where they prepared +A rotten carcass of a butt151, not rigged, +Nor tackle, sail, nor mast: the very rats +Instinctively have quit it. There they hoist152 us, +To cry to th'sea that roared to us; to sigh +To th'winds, whose pity sighing back again, +Did us but loving wrong153. +MIRANDA Alack, what trouble +Was I then to you! +PROSPERO O, a cherubin154 +Thou wast that did preserve me. Thou didst smile, +Infusèd with a fortitude from heaven, +When I have decked155 the sea with drops full salt156, +Under my burden groaned, which157 raised in me +An undergoing stomach158, to bear up +Against what should ensue. +MIRANDA How came we ashore? +Prospero sits +PROSPERO By providence divine. +Some food we had, and some fresh water, that +A noble Neapolitan, Gonzalo, +Out of his charity — who being then appointed +Master of this design159 — did give us, with +Rich garments, linens, stuffs160 and necessaries, +Which since have steaded much161. So, of his gentleness162, +Knowing I loved my books, he furnished me +From mine own library with volumes that +I prize above my dukedom. +MIRANDA Would163 I might +But ever see that man. +PROSPERO Now I arise: +Prospero stands +Sit still164, and hear the last of our sea-sorrow. +Here in this island we arrived, and here +Have I, thy schoolmaster, made thee more profit165 +Than other princes can that have more time +For vainer166 hours, and tutors not so careful167. +MIRANDA Heavens thank you for't. And now, I pray you, sir, +For still 'tis beating in my mind: your reason +For raising this sea-storm? +PROSPERO Know thus far forth: +By accident most strange, bountiful Fortune — +Now my dear lady168 — hath mine enemies +Brought to this shore: and by my prescience169 +I find my zenith170 doth depend upon +A most auspicious star, whose influence171 +If now I court not, but omit172, my fortunes +Will ever after droop. Here cease more questions: +Thou art inclined to sleep. 'Tis a good dullness173, +And give it way174: I know thou canst not choose.— +Miranda sleeps +Come away, servant, come. I am ready now. +Approach, my Ariel175, come. +Enter Ariel +ARIEL All hail, great master! Grave176 sir, hail! I come +To answer thy best pleasure; be't to fly, +To swim, to dive into the fire, to ride +On the curled clouds: to thy strong bidding task177 +Ariel and all his quality178. +PROSPERO Hast thou, spirit, +Performed to point179 the tempest that I bade thee? +ARIEL To every article. +I boarded the king's ship: now on the beak180, +Now in the waist181, the deck, in every cabin, +I flamed amazement182: sometime I'd divide +And burn in many places; on the topmast, +The yards183 and bowsprit184 would I flame distinctly, +Then meet and join. Jove's lightning, the precursors +O'th'dreadful thunderclaps185, more momentary +And sight-outrunning186 were not; the fire and cracks +Of sulphurous roaring, the most mighty Neptune187 +Seem to besiege and make his bold waves tremble, +Yea, his dread trident188 shake. +PROSPERO My brave spirit! +Who was so firm, so constant, that this coil189 +Would not infect his reason? +ARIEL Not a soul +But felt a fever of the mad190 and played +Some tricks of desperation191. All but mariners +Plunged in the foaming brine and quit the vessel, +Then all afire192 with me: the king's son, Ferdinand, +With hair up-staring193 — then like reeds, not hair — +Was the first man that leaped; cried 'Hell is empty +And all the devils are here.' +PROSPERO Why, that's my spirit! +But was not this nigh194 shore? +ARIEL Close by, my master. +PROSPERO But are they, Ariel, safe? +ARIEL Not a hair perished: +On their sustaining195 garments not a blemish, +But fresher than before: and, as thou bad'st me, +In troops196 I have dispersed them 'bout the isle. +The king's son have I landed by himself, +Whom I left cooling of197 the air with sighs +In an odd angle198 of the isle, and sitting, +His arms in this sad knot199. +Folds his arms +PROSPERO Of the king's ship, +The mariners, say how thou hast disposed, +And all the rest o'th'fleet? +ARIEL Safely in harbour +Is the king's ship: in the deep nook where once +Thou call'dst me up at midnight to fetch dew200 +From the still-vexed Bermudas201, there she's hid; +The mariners all under hatches202 stowed, +Who, with a charm203 joined to their suffered labour204, +I have left asleep: and for the rest o'th'fleet — +Which I dispersed — they all have met again, +And are upon the Mediterranean float205 +Bound sadly home for Naples, +Supposing that they saw the king's ship wrecked +And his great person perish. +PROSPERO Ariel, thy charge +Exactly is performed; but there's more work: +What is the time o'th'day? +ARIEL Past the mid season206. +PROSPERO At least two glasses207. The time 'twixt six and now +Must by us both be spent most preciously208. +ARIEL Is there more toil? Since thou dost give me pains209, +Let me remember210 thee what thou hast promised, +Which is not yet performed me. +PROSPERO How now? Moody211? +What is't thou canst demand? +ARIEL My liberty. +PROSPERO Before the time be out212? No more! +ARIEL I prithee, +Remember I have done thee worthy service, +Told thee no lies, made thee no mistakings, served +Without or213 grudge or grumblings: thou did promise +To bate me214 a full year. +PROSPERO Dost thou forget +From what a torment I did free thee? +ARIEL No. +PROSPERO Thou dost: and think'st it much to tread the ooze +Of the salt deep215, +To run upon the sharp wind of the north, +To do me business in the veins o'th'earth +When it is baked with frost. +ARIEL I do not, sir. +PROSPERO Thou liest, malignant thing. Hast thou forgot +The foul witch Sycorax216, who with age and envy +Was grown into a hoop217? Hast thou forgot her? +ARIEL No, sir. +PROSPERO Thou hast. Where was she born? Speak: tell me. +ARIEL Sir, in Algiers218. +PROSPERO O, was she so? I must +Once in a month recount what thou hast been, +Which thou forget'st. This damned witch Sycorax, +For mischiefs manifold, and sorceries terrible +To enter human hearing, from Algiers, +Thou know'st, was banished: for one thing she did +They would not take her life219. Is not this true? +ARIEL Ay, sir. +PROSPERO This blue-eyed220 hag221 was hither brought with child222, +And here was left by th'sailors. Thou, my slave, +As thou report'st thyself, was then her servant: +And, for223 thou wast a spirit too delicate224 +To act her earthy225 and abhorred commands, +Refusing her grand hests226, she did confine thee +By help of her more potent ministers227, +And in her most unmitigable228 rage, +Into a cloven229 pine, within which rift +Imprisoned thou didst painfully remain +A dozen years: within which space she died, +And left thee there, where thou didst vent thy groans +As fast as mill-wheels strike230. Then was this island — +Save for the son that she did litter231 here, +A freckled whelp232, hag-born233 — not honoured with +A human shape. +ARIEL Yes: Caliban234 her son. +PROSPERO Dull thing235, I say so: he, that Caliban +Whom now I keep in service236. Thou best know'st +What torment I did find thee in: thy groans +Did make wolves howl and penetrate the breasts +Of ever-angry bears237; it was a torment +To lay upon the damned, which Sycorax +Could not again undo. It was mine art, +When I arrived and heard thee, that made gape238 +The pine and let thee out. +ARIEL I thank thee, master. +PROSPERO If thou more murmur'st239, I will rend240 an oak +And peg241 thee in his knotty entrails242 till +Thou hast howled away twelve winters. +ARIEL Pardon, master: +I will be correspondent243 to command +And do my spriting244 gently245. +PROSPERO Do so: and after two days +I will discharge246 thee. +ARIEL That's my noble master! +What shall I do? Say what? What shall I do? +PROSPERO Go make thyself like a nymph o'th'sea, +Be subject to no sight but thine and mine: invisible +To every eyeball else. Go take this shape +And hither come in't: go! Hence with diligence! +Exit [Ariel] +Awake, dear heart, awake. Thou hast slept well. Awake. +To Miranda +MIRANDA The strangeness of your story put +Heaviness247 in me. +PROSPERO Shake it off. Come on: +We'll visit Caliban, my slave, who never +Yields us kind answer. +MIRANDA 'Tis a villain248, sir, I do not love to look on. +PROSPERO But, as 'tis, +We cannot miss249 him: he does make our fire, +Fetch in our wood and serves in offices250 +That profit us. What, ho! Slave! Caliban! +Thou earth251, thou! Speak! +CALIBAN There's wood enough within. +Within +PROSPERO Come forth, I say! There's other business for thee: +Come, thou tortoise! When? +Enter Ariel like a water-nymph +Fine apparition: my quaint252 Ariel, +Hark in thine ear. +ARIEL My lord, it shall be done. +Exit +PROSPERO Thou poisonous slave, got253 by the devil himself +Upon thy wicked dam254: come forth! +Enter Caliban +CALIBAN As wicked dew as e'er my mother brushed +With raven's feather from unwholesome fen255 +Drop on you both! A southwest256 blow on ye \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/shakespeare_zh500.txt b/data/shakespeare_zh500.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7de97253160dc3c4023398536c420b92f283a241 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/shakespeare_zh500.txt @@ -0,0 +1,500 @@ +总目录 +暴风雨莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +维洛那二绅士莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +快乐的温莎巧妇莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +一报还一报莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +错误的喜剧莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +无事生非莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +爱的徒劳莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +仲夏夜之梦莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +威尼斯商人莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +皆大欢喜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +驯悍记莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +终成眷属莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +第十二夜莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +冬天的故事莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +科利奥兰纳斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +罗密欧与朱丽叶莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +雅典的泰门莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +尤力乌斯·凯撒莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +麦克白莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +哈姆莱特莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +李尔王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +奥瑟罗莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +辛白林莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +约翰王莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查二世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利四世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利五世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世上莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世中莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利六世下莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +理查三世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +亨利八世莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +泰尔亲王佩力克里斯莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +两贵亲莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +莎士比亚诗集莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本 +本书版权由外语教学与研究出版社独家所有。如未获得该社书面同意书中任何部分之文字及图片不得用任何方式抄袭、节录、翻印或存储利用于任何数据库及检索系统等。 +Beijing, China 100089 +京权图字01-2015-5979 +图书在版编目CIP数据 +暴风雨英汉对照英莎士比亚Shakespeare, W.著彭镜禧译—北京外语教学与研究出版社2016.3 +莎士比亚全集·英汉双语本辜正坤等主编 +书名原文The Tempest +I①暴… II①莎… ②彭… III①英语汉语对照读物 ②多幕剧剧本英国中世纪 IV① H319.4I +中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字2016第055784号 +出版人 蔡剑峰 +项目负责 姚 虹 李 云 +责任编辑 文雪琴 +封面设计 奇文云海 设计顾问 +出版发行 外语教学与研究出版社 +社 址 北京市西三环北路19号100089 +网 址 http://www.fltrp.com +版 次 2016年4月第1版 +书 号 ISBN 978-7-5135-7223-1 +凡侵权、盗版书籍线索请联系我社法律事务部 +举报电话01088817519 +电子邮箱banquan@fltrp.com +法律顾问立方律师事务所 刘旭东律师 +中咨律师事务所 殷 斌律师 +目 录 +出版说明 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +《暴风雨》导言 +暴风雨 +宁静中的暴风雨——译后记 +返回总目录 +·1623年历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本First Folio由莎士比亚的演员同僚们结集出版。 +·2007年英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company邀约当今世界顶级莎学专家乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate和埃里克·拉斯姆森Eric Rasmussen对第一对开本进行了三百多年来的首次全面修订推出了新版《莎士比亚全集》。 +·2015年外语教学与研究出版社以上述新版《莎士比亚全集》为蓝本特邀当今华语翻译界和莎学界知名学者将流传下来的莎士比亚全部作品进行全新重译遂有此集。 +出版说明 +1623年莎士比亚的演员同僚们倾注心血结集出版了历史上第一部《莎士比亚全集》——著名的第一对开本这是三百多年来许多导演和演员最为钟爱的莎士比亚文本。2007年由英国皇家莎士比亚剧团Royal Shakespeare Company推出的《莎士比亚全集》则是对第一对开本首次全面的修订。 +本套《莎士比亚全集》新汉译本正是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》翻译而成。为了让读者在阅读译本的时候也能够了解到原版的辑注风格与成果也为了方便对照查阅出版者在版式呈现上尽量遵照原版译本的凡例说明如下 +一、文体剧文有诗体和散体之分。在英文行文中诗行的标志是未及最右行末即转行且每行的首字母大写。文字连排直至最右行末转行的则为散体。中文译文对此均遵照原版处理。 +二、舞台提示 +1角色的上场与下场。在对开本中角色的上场、下场标示比较完备原版编辑者亦尽量忠实地予以了保留。在缺漏或需作订正的地方以方括号进行标注如[and Attendants]。中文译文在处理上对应英文保留了同样的标注如[及众侍从]。 +2其他舞台提示。表示其他舞台活动、改变说活对象、旁白等的舞台提示在对开本中很少出现大多为当代编辑者所添加。皇家版编辑者试图将这类指导性的directorial提示与对开本式的Folio-style提示区分开来前者置于每页最右侧采用了另一种字体当然对这种提示类型的判断存在主观的因素。有时亦有不确定的情形出现于是编辑者给予了允许选择的提示如Aside旁白表示某行剧文既可作为旁白亦可当作对话又如某个舞台活动置于箭头↓↓之间表示它可发生在一场戏中的多个不同时刻。中文译文亦遵照原版处理。 +愿广大读者在品味译者的佳文时亦体验到辑注的精审想必会有一番意想不到的新收获。 +莎士比亚诗体重译集序 +辜正坤 +他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。 +这是英国大作家本·琼森Ben Jonson在第一部《莎士比亚全集》Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies, 1623扉页上题诗中的诗行。三百多年来莎士比亚在全球逐步成为一个家喻户晓的名字似乎与这句预言在在呼应。但这并非偶然言中有许多因素可以解释莎士比亚这一巨大的文化现象产生的必然性。最关键的至少有下面几点。 +首先其作品内容具有惊人的多样性。世界上很难有第二个作家像莎士比亚这样能够驾驭如此广阔的题材。他的作品内容几乎无所不包称得上英国社会的百科全书。帝王将相、走卒凡夫、才子佳人、恶棍屠夫……一切社会阶层都展现于他的笔底。从海上到陆地从宫廷到民间从国际到国内从灵界到凡尘……笔锋所指无处不至。悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、传奇剧叙事诗、抒情诗……都成为他显示天才的文学样式。从哲理的韵味到浪漫的爱情从盘根错节的叙述到一唱三叹的诗思波涛汹涌的情怀妙夺天工的笔触凡开卷展读者无不为之拊掌称绝。即使只从莎士比亚使用过的海量英语词汇来看也令人产生仰之弥高的感觉。德国语言学家马克斯·缪勒Max Müller原以为莎士比亚使用过的词汇最多为15,000个事后证明这当然是小看了语言大师的词汇储藏量。美国教授爱德华·霍尔登Edward Holden经过一番考察后认为至少达24,000个。可是他哪里知道这依然是一种低估。有学者甚至声称用电脑检索出莎士比亚用的词汇多达43,566个当然这些数据还不是莎士比亚作品之所以产生空前影响的关键因素。 +其次但也许是更重要的原因他的作品具有极高的娱乐性。文学作品的生命力在于它能寓教于乐。莎士比亚的作品不是枯燥的说教而是能够给予读者或观众极大艺术享受的娱乐性创造物往往具有明显的煽情效果有意刺激人的欲望。这种艺术取向当然不是纯粹为了娱乐而娱乐掩藏在背后的是当时西方人强有力的人本主义精神即用以人为本的价值观来对抗欧洲上千年来以神为本的宗教价值观。重欲望、重娱乐的人本主义倾向明显对重神灵、重禁欲的神本主义产生了极大的挑战。当然莎士比亚的人本主义与中国古人所主张的人本主义有很大的区别。要而言之前者在相当大的程度上肯定了人的本能欲望或原始欲望的正当性而后者则主要强调以人的仁爱为本规范人类社会秩序的高尚的道德要求。二者都具有娱乐效果但前者具有纵欲性或开放性娱乐效果后者则具有节欲性或适度自律性娱乐效果。换句话说对于16、17世纪的西方人来说莎士比亚的作品暗中契合了试图挣脱过分禁欲的宗教教义的约束而走向个性解放的千百万西方人的娱乐追求因此它会取得巨大成功是势所必然的。 +第三时势造英雄。人类其实从来不缺善于煽情的作手或视野宏阔的巨匠缺的常常是时势和机遇。莎士比亚的时代恰恰是英国文艺复兴思潮达到鼎盛的时代。禁欲千年之久的欧洲社会如堤坝围裹的宏湖表面上浪静风平其底层却汹涌着决堤的纵欲性暗流。一旦湖堤洞开飞涛大浪呼卷而下浩浩汤汤汇作长河而莎士比亚恰好是河面上乘势而起的弄潮儿其迎合西方人情趣的精湛表演遂赢得两岸雷鸣般的喝彩声。时势不光涵盖社会发展的总趋势也牵连着别的因素。比如说文学或文化理论界、政治意识形态对莎士比亚作品理解、阐释的多样性与莎士比亚作品本身内容的多样性产生相辅相成的效果。“说不尽的莎士比亚”成了西方学术界的口头禅。西方的每一种意识形态理论尤其是文学理论要想获得有效性都势必会将阐释莎士比亚的作品作为试金石。17世纪初的人文主义18世纪的启蒙主义19世纪的浪漫主义20世纪的现实主义或批判现实主义都不同程度地、选择性地把莎士比亚作品作为阐释其理论特点的例证。也许17世纪的古典主义曾经阻遏过西方人对莎士比亚作品的过度热情但是19世纪的浪漫主义流派却把莎士比亚作品推崇到无以复加的崇高地位莎士比亚俨然成了西方文学的神灵。20世纪以来西方资本主义阵营和社会主义阵营可以说在意识形态的各个方面都互相对立势同水火可是在对待莎士比亚的问题上居然有着惊人的共识与默契。不用说社会主义阵营的立场与社会主义理论的创始者马克思Karl Marx、恩格斯Friedrich Engels个人的审美情趣息息相关。马克思一家都是莎士比亚的粉丝马克思称莎士比亚为“人类最伟大的天才之一人类文学奥林波斯山上的宙斯”他号召作家们要更加莎士比亚化。恩格斯甚至指出“单是《温莎的风流娘儿们》的第一幕就比全部德国文学包含着更多的生活气息。”不用说这些话多多少少有某种程度的文学性夸张但对莎士比亚的崇高地位来说却无疑产生了极大的推动作用。 +第四1623年版《莎士比亚全集》奠定莎士比亚崇拜传统。这个版本即眼前译本所依据的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》The RSC William Shakespeare: Complete Works, 2007的主要内容。该版本产生于莎士比亚去世的第七年。莎士比亚的舞台同仁赫明奇John Heminge和康德尔Henry Condell整理出版了第一部莎士比亚戏剧集。当时的大学者、大作家本·琼森为之题诗诗中写道“他非一代骚人实属万古千秋。”这个调子奠定了莎士比亚偶像崇拜的传统。而这个传统一旦形成后人就难以反抗。英国文学中的莎士比亚偶像崇拜传统已经形成了一种自我完善、自我调整、自我更新的机制。至少近两百年来莎士比亚的文学成就已被宣传成世界文学的顶峰。 +第五现在署名“莎士比亚”的作品很可能不只是莎士比亚一个人的成果而是凝聚了当时英国若干戏剧创作精英的团体努力。众多大作家的智慧浓缩在以“莎士比亚”为代号的作品集中其成就的伟大性自然就获得了解释。当然这最后一点只是莎士比亚研究界若干学者的研究性推测远非定论。有的莎士比亚著作爱好者害怕一旦证明莎士比亚不是署名为“莎士比亚”的著作的作者莎士比亚的著作便失去了价值这完全是杞人忧天。道理很简单人们即使证明了《红楼梦》的作者不是曹雪芹或《三国演义》的作者不是罗贯中也丝毫不影响这些作品的伟大价值。同理人们即使证明了《莎士比亚全集》不是莎士比亚一个人创作的也丝毫不会影响《莎士比亚全集》是世界文学中的伟大作品这个事实反倒会更有力地证明这个事实因为集体的智慧远胜于个人。 +皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本翻译总思路 +横亘于前的这套新译本是依据当今莎学界最负声望的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》进行翻译的而皇家版又正是以本·琼森题过诗的1623年版《莎士比亚全集》为主要依据。 +这套译本是在考察了中国现有的各种译本后根据新的历史条件和新的翻译目的打造出来的。其总的翻译思路是本套译本主编会同外语教学与研究出版社的相关领导和责任编辑讨论的结果。总起来说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本在翻译思路上主要遵循了以下几条 +1版本依据。如上所述本版汉译本译文以英国皇家版《莎士比亚全集》为基本依据。但在翻译过程中译者亦酌情参阅了其他版本以增进对原作的理解。 +2翻译内容包括内页所含全部文字。例如作品介绍与评论、正文、注释等。 +3注释处理问题。对于注释的处理1翻译时如果正文译文已经将英文版某注释的基本含义较准确地表达出来了则该注释即可取消2如果正文译文只是部分地将英文版对应注释的基本含义表达出来则该注释可以视情况部分或全部保留3如果注释本身存疑可以在保留原注的情况下加入译者的新注。但是所加内容务必有理有据。 +4翻译风格问题。对于风格的处理1在整体风格上译文应该尽量逼肖原作整体风格包括以诗体译诗体以散体译散体2版式风格亦尽量保留例如页边行号数码亦应在译文中保留俾便读者索查原文3在具体的文字传输处理上通常应该注重汉译本身的文字魅力增强汉译本的可读性。不宜太白话不宜太文言文白用语宜尽量自然得体。句子不要太绕注意汉语自身表达的句法结构尤其是其逻辑表达方式。意义的异化性不等于文字形式本身的异化性因此要注意用汉语的归化性来传输、保留原作含义的异化性。朱生豪先生的译本语言流畅、可读性强但可惜不是诗体有违原作形式。当下译本是要在承传朱先生译本优点的基础上根据新时代的读者审美趣味取得新的进展。梁实秋先生等的译本在达意的准确性上比朱译有所进步也是我们应该吸纳的优点。但是梁译文采不足则须注意避其短。方平先生等的译本也把莎士比亚翻译往前推进了一步在进行大规模诗体翻译方面作出了宝贵的尝试但是离真正的诗体尚有距离。此外前此的所有译本对于莎士比亚原作的色情类用语都有程度不同的忽略本套皇家版译本则尽力在此方面还原莎士比亚的本真状态论述见后文。其他还有一些译本亦都应该受到我们的关注处理原则类推。每种译本都有自己独特的东西。我们希望美的译文是这套译本的突出特点。 +5借鉴他种汉译本问题。凡是我们曾经参考过的较好的译本都在适当的地方加以注明承认前辈译者的功绩。借鉴利用是完全必要的但是要正大光明避免暗中抄袭。 +6具体翻译策略问题特别关键下文将其单列进行陈述。 +莎士比亚作品翻译领域大转折真正的诗体译本 +莎士比亚首先是一个诗人。莎士比亚的作品基本上都以诗体写成。因此要想尽可能还原本真的莎士比亚就必须将莎士比亚作品翻译成为诗体而不是散文这在莎学界已经成为共识。但是紧接而来的问题是什么叫诗体或需要什么样的诗体 +按照我们的想法1所谓诗体首先是措辞上的诗味必须尽可能浓郁2节奏上的诗味包括分行等要予以高度重视3结合中国人的审美习惯剧文可以押韵也可以不押韵。但不押韵的剧文首先要满足前两个要求。 +本全集翻译原计划由笔者一个人来完成。但是莎士比亚的创作具有惊人的多样性其作品来源也明显具有莎士比亚时代若干其他作家与作品的痕迹因此完全由某一个译者翻译成一种风格也许难免偏颇难以和莎士比亚风格的多样性相呼应。所以集众人的力量来完成大业应该更加合理更加具有可操作性。 +具体说来新时代提出了什么要求简而言之就是用真正的诗体翻译莎士比亚的诗体剧文。这个任务是朱生豪先生无法完成的。朱先生说过他在翻译莎士比亚作品时“当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命”。1显然朱先生也考虑过用诗体来翻译莎士比亚著作的问题但是他的结论是第一靠单独一个人用诗体翻译《莎士比亚全集》是办不到的会因此累死第二他用散文翻译也是不得已的办法因为只有这样他才有可能在有生之年完成《莎士比亚全集》的翻译工作。 +将《莎士比亚全集》翻译成诗体比翻译成散文体要难得多。难到什么程度呢和朱生豪先生的翻译进度比较一下就知道了。朱先生翻译得最快的时候一天可以翻译一万字。2为什么会这么快朱先生才华过人这当然是一个因素但关键因素是他是用散文翻译的。用真正的诗体就不一样了。以笔者自己的体验今日照样用散文翻译莎士比亚剧本最快时也可达到每日一万字。这是因为今日的译者有比以前更完备的注释本和众多的前辈汉译本作参考至少在理解原著时要比朱先生当年省力得多所以翻译速度上最高达到一万字是不难的。但是翻译成诗体就是另外一回事了。这比自己写诗还要难得多。写诗是自己随意发挥译诗则必须按照别人的意思发挥等于是戴着镣铐跳舞。笔者自己写诗诗兴浓时一天数百行都可以写得出来但是翻译诗一天只能是几十行统计成字数往往还不到一千字最多只是朱生豪先生散文翻译速度的十分之一。梁实秋先生翻译《莎士比亚全集》用的也是散文但是也花了37年如果要翻译成真正的诗体那么至少得370年由此可见真正的诗体《莎士比亚全集》汉译本的诞生有多么艰难。此次笔者约稿的各位译者都是用诗体翻译并且都表示花费了大量的时间皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本凝聚了诸位译者的多少努力也就不言而喻了。 +翻译诗体分辨不是分了行就是真正的诗 +主张将莎士比亚剧作翻译成诗体成了共识但是什么才是诗体却缺乏共识。在白话诗盛行的时代许多人只是简单地认定分了行的文字就是诗这个概念。分行只是一个初级的现代诗要求甚至不必是必然要求因为有些称为诗的文字甚至连分行形式都没有。不过在莎士比亚作品的翻译上要让译文具有诗体的特征首先是必定要分行的因为莎士比亚原作本身就有严格的分行形式。这个不用多说。但是译文按莎士比亚的方式分了行只是达到了一个初级的低标准。莎士比亚的剧文读起来像不像诗还大有讲究。 +卞之琳先生对此是颇有体会的。他的译本是分行式诗体但是他自己也并不认为他译出的莎士比亚剧本就是真正的诗体译本。他说读者阅读他的译本时“如果……不感到是诗体不妨就当散文读就用散文标准来衡量”。3这是一个诚实的译者说出的诚实话。不过卞先生很谦虚他有许多剧文其实读起来还是称得上诗体的。原因是什么原因是他注意到了笔者上文提到的两点第一诗的措辞第二诗的节奏。只不过他迫于某些客观原因并没有自始至终侧重这方面的追求而已。 +显然一些译本翻译了莎士比亚的剧文在行数上靠近莎士比亚原作措辞也还流畅。这些是不是就是理想的诗体莎士比亚译本呢笔者认为这还不够。什么是诗对于中国人来说有几千年的历史我们不能脱离这个悠久的传统来讨论这个问题。为此我们不得不重新提到一些基本概念什么是诗什么是诗歌翻译 +诗歌是语言艺术诗歌翻译也就必须是语言艺术 +讨论诗歌翻译必须从讨论诗歌开始。 +诗主情。诗言志。诚然。但诗歌首先应该是一种精妙的语言艺术。同理诗歌的翻译也就不得不首先表现为同类精妙的语言艺术。若译者的语言平庸而无光彩与原作的语言艺术程度差距太远那就最多只是原诗含义的注释性文字算不得真正的诗歌翻译。 +那么何谓诗歌的语言艺术 +无他修辞造句、音韵格律一整套规矩而已。无规矩不成方圆无限制难成大师。奥运会上所有的技能比赛无不按照特定的规矩来显示参赛者高妙的技能。德国诗人歌德Johann Wolfgang von Goethe《自然和艺术》“Natur und Kunst”一诗最末两行亦彰扬此理 +非限制难见作手 +唯规矩予人自由。4 +艺术家的“自由”得心应手之谓也。诗歌既为语言艺术自然就有一整套相应的语言艺术规则。诗人应用这套规则时一旦达到得心应手的程度那就是达到了真正成熟的境界。当然规矩并非一点都不可打破但只有能够将规矩使用到随心所欲而不逾矩的程度的人才真正有资格去创立新规矩丰富旧规矩。创新是在承传旧规则长处的基础上来进行的而不是完全推翻旧规则肆意妄为。事实证明在语言艺术上凡无视积淀千年的诗歌语言规则随心所欲地巧立名目、乱行胡来者永不可能在诗歌语言艺术上取得大的成就所以歌德认为 +若徒有放任习性 +则永难至境遨游。5 +诗歌语言艺术如此需要规则如此不可放任不羁诗歌的翻译自然也同样需要相类似的要求。这个要求就是笔者前面提出的主张若原诗是精妙的语言艺术则理论上说来译诗也应是同类精妙的语言艺术。 +但是“同类”绝非“同样”。因为由于原作和译作使用的语言载体不一样其各自产生的语言艺术规则和效果也就各有各的特点大多不可同样复制、照搬。所以译作的最高目标是尽可能在译入语的语言艺术领域达到程度大致相近的语言艺术效果。这种大致相近的艺术效果程度可叫作“最佳近似度”。它实际上也就是一种翻译标准只不过针对不同的文类最佳近似度究竟在哪些因素方面可最佳程度地并不一定是最大程度地取得近似效果不是一成不变的而是具有高度的灵活性。不同的文类甚至针对不同的受众我们都可以设定不同的最佳近似度。这点在拙著《中西诗比较鉴赏与翻译理论》清华大学出版社2010年的相关章节中有详细的厘定此不赘。 +话与诗的关系话不是诗 +古人的口语本来就是白话与现在的人说的口语是白话一个道理。 +正因为白话太俗不够文雅古人慢慢将白话进行改进使它更加规范、更加准确并且用语更加丰富多彩于是文言产生。在文言的基础上还有更文的文字现象那就是诗歌于是诗歌产生。所以就诗歌而言文言味实际上就是一种特殊的诗味。文言有浅近的文言也有佶屈聱牙的文言。中国传统诗歌绝大多数是浅近的文言但绝非口语、白话。诗中有话的因素自不待言但话的因素往往正是诗试图抑制的成分。 +文言和诗歌的产生是低俗的口语进化到高雅、准确层次的标志。文言和诗歌的进一步发展使得语言的艺术性愈益增强。最终文言和诗歌完成了艺术性语言的结晶化定型。这标志着古代文学和文学语言的伟大进步。《诗经》、楚辞、唐诗、宋词、元明戏曲以及从先秦、汉、唐、宋、元至明清的散文等都是中国语言艺术逐步登峰造极的明证。 +人们往往忘记话不是诗诗是话的升华。话据说至少有几十万年的历史而诗却只有几千年的历史。白话通过漫长的岁月才升华成了诗。因此从理论上说白话诗不是最好的诗而只是低层次的、初级的诗。当一行文字写得不像是话时它也许更像诗。“太阳落下山去了”是话硬说它是诗也只是平庸的诗人人可为。而同样含义的“白日依山尽”不像是话却是真正的诗非一般人可为只有诗人才写得出。它的语言表达方式与一般人的通用白话脱离开来了实现了与通用语的偏离deviation from the norm。这里的通用语指人们天天使用的白话。试想把唐诗宋词译成白话还有多少诗味剩下来 +谢谢古代先辈们一代又一代、不屈不挠的努力话终于进化成了诗。 +但是20世纪初一些激进的中国学者鼓荡起一场声势浩大的白话文运动。 +客观说来用白话文来书写、阅读自然科学和人文科学文献例如哲学、政治学、伦理学、经济学等等文献这都是伟大的进步。这个进步甚至可以上溯到八百多年前朱熹等大学者用白话体文章传输理学思想。对此笔者非常拥护非常赞成。 +但是约一百年前的白话诗运动却未免走向了极端事实上是一种语言艺术方面的倒退行为。已经高度进化的诗词曲形式被强行要求返祖回归到三千多年前的类似白话的状态已经高度语言艺术化了的诗被强行要求退化成话。艺术性相对较低的白话反倒成了正统艺术性较高的诗反倒成了异端。其实容许口语类白话诗和文言类诗并存这才是正确的选择。但一些激进学者故意拔高白话地位在诗歌创作领域搞成白话至上主义这就走上了极端主义道路。 +这个运动影响到诗歌翻译的结果是什么呢结果是西方所有的大诗人不论是古代的还是近代的如荷马Homer、但丁Dante、莎士比亚、歌德、雨果Victor Hugo、普希金Alexander Pushkin……都莫名其妙地似乎用同一支笔写出了20世纪初才出现的味道几乎相同的白话文汉诗 +将产生这种极端性结果的原因再回推我们会清楚地明白当年的某些学者把文学艺术简单雷同于人文社会科学误解了文学艺术尤其是诗歌艺术的特殊性质误以为诗就是话混淆了诗与话的形式因素。 +针对莎士比亚戏剧诗的翻译对策 +由上可知莎士比亚的剧文既然大多是格律诗无论有韵无韵它们都是诗都有格律性。因此在汉译中我们就有必要显示出它具有格律性而这种格律性就是诗性。 +问题在于格律性是附着在语言形式上的语言改变了附着其上的格律性也就大多会消失。换句话说格律大多不可复制或模仿这就正如用钢琴弹不出二胡的效果用古筝奏不出黑管的效果一样。但是原作的内在旋律是可以模仿的只是音色变了。原作的诗性是可以换个形式营造的这就是利用汉语本身的语言特点营造出大略类似的语言艺术审美效果。 +由于换了另外一种语言媒介原作的语音美设计大多已经不能照搬、复制甚至模拟了那么我们就只好断然舍弃掉原作的许多语音美设计而代之以译入语自身的语言艺术结构产生的语音美艺术设计。当然原作的某些语音美设计还是可以尝试模拟保留的但在通常的情况下大多数的语音美已经不可能传输或复制了。 +利用汉语本身的语音审美特点来营造莎士比亚诗歌的汉译语音审美效果是莎士比亚作品翻译的一个有效途径。机械照搬原作的语音审美模式多半会失败并且在大多数的场合下也没有必要。 +具体说来这就涉及翻译莎士比亚戏剧作品时该如何处理1节奏2韵律3措辞。笔者主张在这三个方面我们都可以适当借鉴利用中国古代词曲体的某些因素。戏剧剧文中的诗行一般都不宜多用单调的律诗和绝句体式。元明戏剧为什么没有采用前此盛行的五言或七言诗行而采用了长短错杂、众体皆备的词曲体这是一种艺术形式发展的必然。元明曲体由于要更好更灵活地满足抒情、叙事、论理等诸多需要故借用发展了词的形式但不是纯粹的词而是融入了民间语汇。词这种形式涵盖了一言、二言、三言、四言、五言、六言、七言、八言……乃至十多言的长短句式因此利于表达变化莫测的情、事、理。从这个意义上看莎士比亚剧文语言单位的参差不齐状态与中文词曲体句式的参差不齐状态正好有某种相互呼应的效果。 +也许有人说莎士比亚的剧文虽然是格律诗但并不怎么押韵因此汉诗翻译也就不必押韵。这个说法也有一定道理但是道理并不充实。 +首先我们应该明白既然莎士比亚的剧文是诗体人们读到现今的散体译文或不押韵的分行译文却难以感受到其应有的诗歌风味原因即在于其音乐性太弱。如果人们能够照搬莎士比亚素体诗所惯常用的音步效果及由此引起的措辞特点当然更好。但事实上原作的节奏效果是印欧语系语言本身的效果换了一种语言其效果就大多不能搬用了所以我们只好利用汉语本身的优势来创造新的音乐美。这种音乐美很难说是原作的音乐美但是它毕竟能够满足一点即诗体剧文应该具有诗歌应有的音乐美这个起码要求。而汉译的押韵可以强化这种音乐美。 +其次莎士比亚的剧文不押韵是由诸多因素造成的。第一属于印欧语系语言的英语在押韵方面存在先天的多音节不规则形式缺陷导致押韵词汇范围相对较窄。所以对于英国诗人来说很苦于押韵难工莎士比亚的许多押韵体诗例如十四行诗在押韵方面都不很工整。其次莎士比亚的剧文虽不押韵却在节奏方面十分考究这就弥补了音韵方面的不足。第三莎士比亚的剧文几乎绝大多数是诗行对于剧作者来说每部长达两三千行的诗行行都要押韵这是一个极大的挑战很难完成。而一旦改用素体剧作者便会轻松得多。但是以上几点对于汉语译本则不是一个问题。汉语的词汇及语音构成方式决定了它天生就是一种有利于押韵的艺术性语言。汉语存在大量同韵字押韵是一件很容易的事情。汉语的语音音调变化也比莎士比亚使用的英语的音调变化空间大一倍以上。汉语音调至少有四种加上轻重变化可达六至八种而英语的音调主要局限于轻重语调两种所以存在于印欧语系文字诗歌中的频频押韵有时会产生的单调感在汉语中会在很大程度上由于语调的多变而得到缓解。故汉语戏剧剧文在押韵方面有很大的潜在优势空间实际上元明戏剧剧文频频押韵就是证明。 +第三莎士比亚的剧文虽然很多不押韵但却具极强的节奏感。他惯用的格律多半是抑扬格五音步iambic pentameter诗行。如果我们在节奏方面难以传达原作的音美或者可以通过韵律的音美来弥补节奏美的丧失这种翻译对策谓之堤内损失堤外补亦谓失之东隅收之桑榆。我们的语言在某方面有缺陷可以通过另一方面的优点来弥补。当然笔者主张在一定程度上借鉴利用传统词曲的风味却并不主张使用宋词、元曲式的严谨格律而只是追求一种过分散文化和过分格律化之间的妥协状态。有韵但是不严格要适当注意平仄但不过多追求平仄效果及诗行的整齐与否不必有太固定的建行形式只是根据诗歌本身的内容和情绪赋予适当的节奏与韵式。在措辞上则保持与白话有一段距离但是绝非佶屈聱牙的文言而是趋近典雅、但普通读者也能读懂的语言。 +最后根据翻译标准多元互补论原理由于莎士比亚作品在内容、形式及审美效应方面具有多样性因此只用一种类乎纯诗体译法来翻译所有的莎士比亚剧文也是不完美的因为单一的做法也许无形中堵塞了其他有益的审美趣味通道。因此这套译本的译风虽然整体上强调诗化、诗味但是在营造诗味的途径和程度上不是单一的。我们允许诗体译风的灵活性和创新性。多译者译法实际上也是在探索诗体译法的诸多可能性这为我们将来进一步改进这套译本铺垫了一条较宽的道路。因此译文从严格押韵、半押韵到不押韵的各个程度译本都有涉猎。但是无论是否押韵其节奏和措辞应该总是富于诗意这个要求则是统一的。这是我们对皇家版《莎士比亚全集》译本的语言和风格要求。不能说我们能完全达到这个目标但我们是往这个方向努力的。正是这样的努力使这套译本与前此译本有很大的差异在一定的意义上来说标志着中国莎士比亚著作翻译的一次大转折。 +翻译突破还原莎士比亚作品禁忌区域 +另有一个课题是中国学者从前讨论得比较少的禁忌领域即莎士比亚著作中的性描写现象。 +许多西方学者认为莎士比亚酷爱色情字眼他的著作渗透着性描写、性暗示。只要有机会他就总会在字里行间用上与性相联系的双关语。西方人很早就搜罗莎士比亚著作的此类用语编纂了莎士比亚淫秽用语词典。这类词典还不止一种。1995年我又看到弗朗基·鲁宾斯坦Frankie Rubinstein等编纂了《莎士比亚性双关语释义词典》A Dictionary of Shakespeare's Sexual Puns and Their Significance厚达372页。 +赤裸裸的性描写或过多的淫秽用语在传统中国文学作品中是受到非议的尽管有《金瓶梅》这样被判为淫秽作品的文学现象但是中国传统的主流舆论还是抑制这类作品的。莎士比亚的作品固然不是通常意义上的淫秽作品但是它的大量实际用语确实有很强的色情味。这个极鲜明的特点恰恰被前此的所有汉译本故意掩盖或在无意中抹杀掉。莎士比亚的所有汉译者尤其是像朱生豪先生这样的译者显然不愿意中国读者看到莎士比亚的文笔有非常泼辣的大量使用性相关脏话的特点。这个特点多半都被巧妙地漏译或改译。于是出现一种怪现象莎士比亚著作中有些大段的篇章变成汉语后尽管读起来是通顺的读者对这些话语却往往感到莫名其妙。以《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第一幕第一场前面的30行台词为例这是凯普莱特家两个仆人山普孙与葛莱古里之间的淫秽对话。但是读者阅读过去的汉译本时很难看到他们是在说淫秽的脏话甚至会认为这些对话只是仆人之间的胡话没有什么意义。 +不过前此的译本对这类用语和描写的态度也并不完全一样而是依据年代距离在逐步改变。朱生豪先生的译本对这些东西删除改动得最多梁实秋先生已经有所保留但还是有节制。方平先生等的译本保留得更多一些但仍然持有相当的保留态度。此外从英语的不同版本看有的版本注释得明白有的版本故意模糊有的版本注释者自己也没有弄懂这些双关语那就更别说中国译者了。 +在这一点上我们目前使用的皇家版《莎士比亚全集》是做得最好的。 +那么我们该怎样来翻译莎士比亚的这种用语呢是迫于传统中国道德取向的习惯巧妙地回避还是尽可能忠实地传达莎士比亚的本真用意我们认为前此的译本依据各自所处时代的中国人道德价值的接受状态采用了相应的翻译对策出现了某种程度的曲译这是可以理解的是特定历史条件下的产物。但是历史在前进中国人的道德观已经有了很大的改变尤其是在性禁忌领域。说实话无论我们怎样真实地还原莎士比亚著作中的性双关描写比起当代文学作品中有时无所忌讳的淫秽描写来莎士比亚还真是有小巫见大巫的感觉。换句话说目前中国人在这方面的外来道德价值接受状态已经完全可以接受莎士比亚著作中的性双关用语了。因此我们的做法是尽可能真实还原莎士比亚性相关用语的现象。在通常的情况下如果直译不能实现这种现象的传输我们就采用注释。可以说在这方面目前这个版本是所有莎士比亚汉译本中做得最超前的。 +译法示例 +莎士比亚作品的文字具有多种风格早期的、中期的和晚期的语言风格有明显区别悲剧、喜剧、历史剧、十四行诗的语言风格也有区别。甚至同样是悲剧或喜剧莎士比亚的语言风格往往也会很不相同。比如同样是属于悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》剧文中就常常有押韵的段落而大悲剧《李尔王》却很少押韵同样是喜剧《威尼斯商人》是格律素体诗而《温莎的风流娘儿们》却大多是散文体。 +与此现象相应我们的翻译当然也就有多种风格。虽然不完全一一对应但我们有意避免将莎士比亚著作翻译成千篇一律的一种文体。从这个意义上说皇家版《莎士比亚全集》汉译本在某些方面采用了全新的译法。这种全新译法不是孤立的一种译法而是力求展示多种翻译风格、多种审美尝试。多样化为我们将来精益求精提供了相对更多的选择。如果现在固定为一种单一的风格那么将来要想有新的突破就困难了。概括说来我们的多种翻译风格主要包括1有韵体诗词曲风味译法2有韵体现代文白融合译法3无韵体白话诗译法。下面依次选出若干相应风格的译例供读者和有关方面品鉴。 +一、有韵体诗词曲风味译法 +有韵体诗词曲风味译法注意使用一些传统诗词曲中诗味比较浓郁的词汇同时注意遣词不偏僻节奏比较明快音韵也比较和谐。但是它们并不是严格意义上的传统诗词曲只是带点诗词曲的风味而已。例如 +女巫甲 何时我等再相逢 +闪电雷鸣急雨中 +女巫乙 待到硝烟烽火静 +沙场成败见雌雄。 +女巫丙 残阳犹挂在西空。《麦克白》第一幕第一场 +小丑甲 当时年少爱风流 +有滋有味有甜头 +行乐哪管韶华逝 +天下柔情最销愁。《哈姆莱特》第五幕第一场 +朱丽叶 天未曙罗郎何苦别意匆忙 +鸟音啼声声亮惊骇罗郎心房。 +休听作破晓云雀歌只是夜莺唱 +石榴树间夜夜有它设歌场。 +信我罗郎端的只是夜莺轻唱。 +罗密欧 不是云雀报晓不是莺歌 +看东方无情朝阳暗洒霞光 +流云万朵镶嵌银带飘如浪。 +星斗如烛恰似残灯剩微芒 +欢乐白昼悄然驻步雾嶂群岗。 +奈何我去也则生留也必亡。 +朱丽叶 听我言天际微芒非破晓霞光 +只是金乌吐射流星当空亮 +似明炬今夜为郎朗照边邦 +何愁它曼托瓦路漫远悠长。 +且稍待正无须行色皇皇仓仓。 +罗密欧 纵身陷人手蒙斧钺加诛于刑场 +只要这勾留遂你愿我欣然承当。 +让我说那天际灰朦非黎明醒眼 +乃月神眉宇幽幽映现淡淡辉光 +那歌鸣亦非云雀之讴哪怕它 +嚣然振动于头上空冥嘹亮高亢。 +我巴不得栖身此地永不他往。 +来吧死亡倘朱丽叶愿遂此望。 +如何心肝畅谈吧趁夜色迷茫。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第三幕第五场 +二、有韵体现代文白融合译法 +有韵体现代文白融合译法的特点是基本押韵措辞上白话与文言尽量能够水乳交融充分利用诗歌的现代节奏感俾便能够念起来朗朗上口。例如 +哈姆莱特 死还是生这才是问题根本 +莫道是苦海无涯但操戈奋进 +终赢得一片清平或默对逆运 +忍受它箭石交攻敢问 +两番选择何为上乘 +死灭睡也倘借得长眠 +可治心伤愈千万肉身苦痛痕 +则岂非美境人所追寻死睡也 +睡中或有梦魇生唉症结在此 +倘能撒手这碌碌凡尘长入死梦 +又谁知梦境何形念及此忧 +不由人踌躇难定这满腹疑情 +竟使人苟延年命忍对苦难平生。 +假如借短刀一柄即可解脱身心 +谁甘愿受人世的鞭挞与讥评 +强权者的威压傲慢者的骄横 +失恋的痛楚法律的耽延 +官吏的暴虐甚或默受小人 +对贤德者肆意拳脚加身 +谁又愿肩负这如许重担 +流汗、呻吟疲于奔命 +倘非对死后的处境心存疑云 +惧那未经发现的国土从古至今 +无孤旅归来意志的迷惘 +使我辈宁愿忍受现世的忧闷 +而不敢飞身投向未知的苦境 +前瞻后顾使我们全成懦夫 +于是本色天然的决断决行 +罩上了一层思想的惨淡余阴 +只可惜诸多待举的宏图大业 +竟因此如逝水忽然转向而行 +失掉行动的名分。《哈姆莱特》第三幕第一场 +麦克白 若做了便是了则快了便是好。 +若暗下毒手却能横超果报 +割人首级却赢得绝世功高 +则一击得手便大功告成 +千了百了那么此际此宵 +身处时间之海的沙滩、岸畔 +何管它来世风险逍遥。但这种事 +现世永远有裁判的公道 +教人杀戮之策者必受杀戮之报 +给别人下毒者自有公平正义之手 +让下毒者自食盘中毒肴。《麦克白》第一幕第七场 +损神耗精愧煞了浪子风流 +都只为纵欲眠花卧柳 +阴谋好杀赌假咒坏事做到头 +心毒手狠野蛮粗暴背信弃义不知羞。 +才尝得云雨乐转眼意趣休。 +舍命追求一到手没来由 +便厌腻个透。呀恰恰像是钓钩 +但吞香饵管教你六神无主不自由。 +求时疯狂得时也疯狂 +曾有现有还想有要玩总玩不够。 +适才是甜头转瞬成苦头。 +求欢同枕前梦破云雨后。 +唉普天下谁不知这般儿歹症候 +却避不得便往这通阴曹的天堂路儿上走十四行诗第一百二十九首 +三、无韵体白话诗译法 +无韵体白话诗译法的特点是虽然不押韵但是译文有很明显的和谐节奏措辞畅达有诗味明显不是普通的口语。例如 +贡妮芮 父亲我爱您非语言所能表达 +胜过自己的眼睛、天地、自由 +超乎世上的财富或珍宝犹如 +德貌双全、康强、荣誉的生命。 +子女献爱父亲见爱至多如此 +这种爱使言语贫乏谈吐空虚 +超过这一切的比拟——我爱您。《李尔王》第一幕第一场 +李尔 国王要跟康沃尔说话慈爱的父亲 +要跟他女儿说话命令、等候他们服侍。 +这话通禀他们了吗我的气血都飙起来了 +火爆火爆公爵去告诉那烈性公爵—— +不还是别急也许他是真不舒服。 +人病了常会疏忽健康时应尽的 +责任。身子受折磨 +逼着头脑跟它受苦 +人就不由自主了。我要忍耐 +不再顺着我过度的轻率任性 +把难受病人偶然的发作错认是 +健康人的行为。我的王权废掉算了 +为什么要他坐在这里这种行为 +使我相信公爵夫妇不来见我 +是伎俩。把我的仆人放出来。 +去跟公爵夫妇讲我要跟他们说话 +现在就要。叫他们出来听我说 +不然我要在他们房门前打起鼓来 +不让他们好睡。《李尔王》第二幕第二场 +奥瑟罗 诸位德高望重的大人 +我崇敬无比的主子 +我带走了这位元老的女儿 +这是真的真的我和她结了婚说到底 +这就是我最大的罪状再也没有什么罪名 +可以加到我头上了。我虽然 +说话粗鲁不会花言巧语 +但是七年来我用尽了双臂之力 +直到九个月前我一直 +都在战场上拼死拼活 +所以对于这个世界我只知道 +冲锋向前不敢退缩落后 +也不会用漂亮的字眼来掩饰 +不漂亮的行为。不过如果诸位愿意耐心听听 +我也可以把我没有化装掩盖的全部过程 +一五一十地摆到诸位面前接受批判 +我绝没有用过什么迷魂汤药、魔法妖术 +还有什么歪门邪道——反正我得到他的女儿 +全用不着这一套。《奥瑟罗》第一幕第三场 +注释 +1 见朱生豪大约在1936年夏致宋清如信“今天下午我试译了两页莎士比亚还算顺利不过恐怕终于不过是Poor Stuff而已。当然预备全部用散文译出否则将要了我的命。”《伉俪朱生豪宋清如诗文选》下卷中国青年出版社2013年第94页 +2 朱生豪“今天因为提起了精神却很兴奋晚上译了六千字今天一共译一万字。”同上第101页 +3 卞之琳《莎士比亚悲剧四种》方志出版社2007年第4页。 +《暴风雨》导言 +《暴风雨》几乎可以肯定是莎士比亚独立完成的最后一出戏。我们不知道他是否预期如此。这出戏也是印在第一对开本的第一个剧本。我们也不知道它得到如此尊贵的地位是因为对开本的编辑把它当作展示品——大师艺术的总和之作——还是为了更为平凡的理由他们手头有抄写员拉尔夫·克兰Ralph Crane的干净文本排版者要着手排版莎士比亚近乎百万字的浩大工程从这本起可以有个比较容易的开始。无论它的位置来自无心抑或刻意的安排自19世纪初期以来《暴风雨》成于莎士比亚写作生涯之终、又置于作品集之首的事实大大影响了后世对这出戏的反应。它已经被视为诠释莎士比亚的试金石。 +本剧内容集中于支配与统治的问题。在开场的暴风雨中正常的社会秩序大乱水手长命令廷臣因为知道咆哮的海浪根本不在乎“什么国王”。之后第一幕第二场中详细展开的背景故事揭露了不尊重公爵名号的阴谋家我们得知普洛斯彼罗失去了米兰的权力但补偿式地得以控制岛上的爱丽儿和凯列班。腓迪南和米兰达的同心结则指向米兰与那不勒斯未来的统治。还有更进一步的政治算计西巴斯辛与安东尼奥计划谋杀阿隆佐国王和忠厚大臣贡柴罗低贱出身的角色想要推翻普洛斯彼罗让酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺当岛上的国王。普洛斯彼罗在爱丽儿和岛上其他精灵协助下演出了一幕幕精彩的戏——使谋反者动弹不得鸟身女妖与消失的盛筵众女神及农民的假面剧那对小情人对弈的情景——这些都有助于报复过去的罪愆恢复当前的秩序并预备和谐的来日。工作完毕之后爱丽儿获得释放心痛啊1而普洛斯彼罗也在精神上做好了死亡的准备。甚至凯列班都要“寻求恩典”。 +然而莎士比亚从来都不爱简单。普洛斯彼罗以戏法变出暴风雨把宫廷的达官贵人带到这座岛主要是为了强迫他那篡位的弟弟安东尼奥悔罪。可是到了两人面对面的高潮时刻对普洛斯彼罗的饶恕与要求安东尼奥却连一个字都没有回应。他完全没有以阿隆佐在前面几行的表现为榜样而仿效之。至于安东尼奥的共犯西巴斯辛竟然还胆敢说普洛斯彼罗魔法般的先见之明是仗着邪魔之力。普洛斯彼罗能力再大也无法预料或掌控人性。如果原本没有良心以后也无法创造出良心。 +塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge2把普洛斯彼罗描述为“简直就是风暴中的莎士比亚本人”。换句话说戏中主角在开场中变出暴风雨正如剧作家变出这部戏的整个世界。普洛斯彼罗的法术驾驭了自然力量好引领其他意大利角色加入他的放逐世界同样地莎士比亚的艺术先把舞台变成一艘大海中的船然后又变成“无人的荒岛”。“法术”乃是这出戏的关键词眼。凯列班是普洛斯彼罗的“他者”因为他代表自然状态。在达尔文主义盛行的19世纪他被重塑为人类与我们动物祖先之间过渡时期“缺失的那一环”。 +普洛斯彼罗的背景故事道出了从训练统治者的“人文素养”到比较危险的魔幻“法术”的变化过程。在莎士比亚时代魔法的思维普遍存在。人人从小都相信自然界之外另有一个世界就是灵魂与妖怪的世界。“自然”与“妖魔”乃是研究及操弄超自然现象的两大支派。魔法magic即是对隐秘事物的认知和制造奇迹的法术。某些人认为这是自然哲学的最高形式这个词源于magia在古波斯语里意思是“智慧”众人称之为“神秘哲学”。它假设有不同层级的力量从不具形体的“智性的”天使魂灵到天上恒星和行星的世界再到地球事物及其形体的变化。魔法师上达高阶力量的知识以人为方式将这些能力带下来制造出奇妙的效果。科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕Cornelius Agrippa3是《论神秘哲学》De occulta philosophia一书的作者主张必须有“仪式魔法”才能达到超越星球的天使智慧。这是最高也最危险的活动层次因为——诚如同克里斯托弗·马洛Christopher Marlowe4笔下的浮士德博士Dr. Faustus的发现——太容易变出魔鬼而不是天使。比较普通的“自然魔法”需要“媒合”天地与星体和物质世界元素之间的奇幻链接同工。历久不衰的星象影响观念乃是这种思维模式的残留。对文艺复兴时代的智者例如在米兰从业的吉罗拉莫·卡尔达诺Girolamo Cardano5而言医学、自然哲学、数学、星象学以及解梦都是紧密相连的。 +然而自然魔法始终无法躲开它的妖魔阴影。有一个像阿格里帕或卡尔达诺这样博学的智者就有一千个乡下“智婆”从事民俗医疗和算命。后者在前现代时期常常被妖魔化为女巫要为歉收、牲畜疾病及其他病痛负责。普洛斯彼罗强调他自己的白色魔法有别于凯列班母亲西考拉克斯的黑色魔法不过在这出戏里两者十分相似。他之所以从米兰被放逐到岛上是因为专注于自己的秘密研究从而给予了安东尼奥篡夺大公国的可乘之机而西考拉克斯之所以从阿尔及尔放逐到岛上是因为被控施行巫术他带着他的幼女来而西考拉克斯来的时候肚里怀着据说是跟魔鬼搞出来的孩子。两者都能指挥海潮操控以爱丽儿为代表的精灵世界。普洛斯彼罗要放弃他的魔法时用来描述法力的词语是借自另一个女巫——奥维德Ovid的古代神话故事巨著《变形记》Metamorphoses里的美狄亚Medea。在某个层次上普洛斯彼罗表达了他跟西考拉克斯之间的亲缘关系他说凯列班“这个妖怪嘛我/承认是我的”。此处主语和动词在行尾分开表明承认之前稍有犹豫这是莎士比亚后期灵活运用抑扬格五音步手法的极端例子。 +莎士比亚喜爱制造对立再把他的黑与白淡化成复杂道德里的灰色区块。在米兰普洛斯彼罗对人文素养的内观研究使他失去权位并促成暴政。在岛上他企图以他所学来弥补过失利用正向的魔法带来悔罪、收复大公国并且打造一个王朝的婚姻。然而在第五幕开始时他醒悟到真正的人性不在于运用智慧统治而在于实践更为严谨的基督徒式的德行。对16世纪的人文主义者来说君王的德行教育就是为了政治目的而修养智慧、宽宏、节制、正直。对普洛斯彼罗而言最终真正重要的是仁慈。而这是师父从徒弟那里学到的正是爱丽儿教了普洛斯彼罗“情感”的道理而不是相反。 +爱丽儿代表火与空气、和谐与音乐、耿耿忠心。凯列班属土关乎纷争、醉酒和反叛。爱丽儿的表达工具是雅致的诗凯列班的则大多是粗鲁乃至猥亵的散文一如弄臣特林鸠罗和醉汉司膳官斯丹法诺。然而令人讶异的是剧中最美丽的诗句乃是凯列班听到爱丽儿的音乐时所说的。即便是用散文凯列班亦与自然环境有一种美妙的协调他知道岛上每一个角落、每一种生物。普洛斯彼罗说他是“魔鬼天生的魔鬼对他的本性/教化根本是白搭”然而就在下一句台词里凯列班上场时说“拜托脚步轻些免得这只瞎眼的鼹鼠听到脚步声”如此富有想象力的语言立即否定了普洛斯彼罗的断言。 +凯列班据称曾要性侵米兰达可见普洛斯彼罗想驯服这个“怪物仆”、教育他具有人性的意图是失败的。然而这失败是谁的责任问题会不会出在普洛斯彼罗想要灌输到凯列班记忆里的内容上而非后者的天性一开始凯列班欢迎普洛斯彼罗到岛上来主动与他分享岛上水果——正如蒙田Montaigne散文《论食人部族》“Of the Cannibals”里所写的“高贵的野蛮人”那样那篇文章是莎士比亚剧中引用的另一来源贡柴罗治理本岛的乌托邦式“黄金时代”理想便是采自蒙田作品的英译本。凯列班只不过表现出普洛斯彼罗印刻在他身上的那种低贱而已使凯列班“污秽”的可能是普洛斯彼罗说他是“秽物”的教导。 +凯列班了解书的重要性正如现代政变领导者首先要占据电视台他强调反叛普洛斯彼罗必须从夺取他的书籍开始。然而斯丹法诺另有其书。他对凯列班说“这东西能叫您说话”—他复制普洛斯彼罗通过语言取得控制的手法不过是以另一种模式。文本的灌输被美酒的熏陶取代所亲吻的书乃是酒瓶。如此一来莎士比亚的场景对位技法营造出对话精神质疑了普洛斯彼罗的书籍使用。若说斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗以酒精达成普洛斯彼罗以教导所达成的目的两者都说服凯列班服役并分享岛上的果实这岂不是显出教导有可能只是社会控制的工具而已普洛斯彼罗时常似对他以教学建立的权力结构较感兴趣胜过他教导的实质内容。很难看出逼腓迪南搬运木柴是为了教诲德行目的其实是要他臣服。 +来到一个没有欧洲人居住的岛屿谈论“殖民地”与一个“野人”相遇并用酒精交换生存技能在语言学习过程中确立谁是主、谁是奴担心奴仆会使主人的女儿受孕欲使野蛮人寻求基督教的“恩典”但又提议把他运到英格兰展示获利提到百慕大危险的气候以及一个“华丽新世界”在所有这些方面《暴风雨》都唤起了欧洲的殖民主义精神。莎士比亚与弗吉尼亚公司的成员有联系。该公司奉王室之命成立于1606年为次年在美洲建立詹姆斯敦殖民地起了重要作用。1610年秋有一封信寄达英格兰描述派往增援殖民地的舰队在加勒比海被暴风雨吹散搭载新总督的那艘船被吹到百慕大船员和乘客都在那里过冬。虽然那封信当时没有出版手稿却流传开来至少引发两本小册子讨论这些事件。学者们为莎士比亚究竟直接引用了其中多少材料而争论不休但暴风雨及岛屿的某些细节好像是从中取材。毋庸置疑的是总督及其团队看似奇迹般幸存同时他们在巴哈马群岛发现的富饶环境乃是本剧写作之时的公众流行话题。 +大英帝国、奴隶贩卖、东西海路运送香料带来的财富——这些是后来的事。莎士比亚的戏设定在地中海不在加勒比海。凯列班严格说来不能算是岛上的原住民。然而这出戏直觉地感知殖民时期占有与驱离的动能剧力万钧不可思议所以1950年奥克塔夫·曼诺尼Octave Mannoni6写的《殖民地化进程中的心理学》The Psychology of Colonisation主张说殖民过程的运作要经由一对精神官能症交互作用于殖民者是“普洛斯彼罗情结”于被殖民者是“凯列班情结”。就是为了回应曼诺尼弗朗茨·法农Frantz Fanon7写了《黑皮肤白面具》Black Skin, White Masks从而在很大程度上塑造了“后殖民”时代的知识领域。对20世纪后期许多以英文写作的加勒比海作家来说《暴风雨》这出戏尤其是凯列班这个人物成为他们发现自己文学声音的焦点。这出戏与其说是对帝国历史的反思毋宁说是对这段历史的预知——毕竟普洛斯彼罗是被流放的人不是冒险家。 +国王剧团经常奉命在白厅御前献演自然知道从1608年岁暮起十几岁的伊丽莎白公主Princess Elizabeth就住在王宫里。她是有文化素养的少女喜欢音乐和舞蹈参与宫中节庆活动1610年在一出名叫《忒堤斯》Tethys8的假面剧里担任舞者。假面剧由皇亲、廷臣、职业演员混搭演出场面壮观音乐精致在那些年日是宫廷最时兴的表演。与莎士比亚亦友亦敌的本·琼森Ben Jonson9和设计师伊尼戈·琼斯Inigo Jones10合作为自己打出当代首席假面剧作家的名号。1608年他引进“反假面剧”或称“前假面剧”让丑怪人物即所谓“怪胎”在优雅、和谐的假面剧演出之前狂舞一番。莎士比亚也采纳了当时的流行风尚在《暴风雨》的戏中加入了订婚的假面剧以及凯列班、斯丹法诺和特林鸠罗三人闻马尿、偷窃晾衣绳上的衣服、遭群狗追逐的反假面闹剧。我们甚至觉得普洛斯彼罗这个人物可能就是对本·琼森温和的诙谐模拟他的戏剧想象受制于古典式对时间与场景统一性的要求一如琼森他也演出宫廷假面剧一如琼森。或许正因为如此几年之后琼森在他的《巴托罗缪市集》Bartholomew Fair里戏仿《暴风雨》作为回敬。 +普洛斯彼罗的基督教语言在收场白中持续最久然而他最后请求宽容的对象不是上帝而是观众。到了最后一刻取代人文主义学术的不是基督教信仰而是戏剧的信念。因此这出戏可以解读为莎士比亚为自己戏剧艺术的辩护——从浪漫主义时期以来常常就是如此理解。不过反讽的是这出戏本身对书籍乃至于对剧场的功能十分怀疑。魔法书沉入大海而假面剧及其演员也溶入空气之中就像“无根的幻景”或一场梦。 +参考资料 +剧情十二年前在那不勒斯国王阿隆佐及其弟西巴斯辛协助下米兰公爵普洛斯彼罗被他的弟弟安东尼奥篡了位。普洛斯彼罗及其幼女米兰达被流放大海到达远方小岛。他在那里靠着魔法统治精灵爱丽儿和野人凯列班。他利用法力呼风唤雨使他的敌人遭遇船难来到岛上。阿隆佐寻找儿子腓迪南担心他已经淹死。西巴斯辛密谋杀害阿隆佐夺取他的王位。酗酒的司膳官斯丹法诺和弄臣特林鸠罗遇见凯列班听了他的劝说要杀害普洛斯彼罗好由他们来统治这座岛。腓迪南和米兰达相遇两人一见钟情。普洛斯彼罗要考验腓迪南命其做苦工腓迪南通过考验普洛斯彼罗为这对年轻情侣演了一出贺婚的假面剧。在普洛斯彼罗的计划接近高潮时他正面质问敌人并宽恕他们。普洛斯彼罗赐予爱丽儿自由准备离开岛屿返回米兰。 +主要角色列有台词行数百分比/台词段数/上场次数普洛斯彼罗30/115/5爱丽儿9/45/6凯列班8/50/5斯丹法诺7/60/4贡柴罗7/52/4西巴斯辛5/67/4安东尼奥6/57/4米兰达6/49/4腓迪南6/31/4阿隆佐5/40/4特林鸠罗4/39/4。 +语体风格诗体约占80散体约占20。 +创作年代1611年。1611年11月1日宫廷演出使用的部分素材于1610年秋季以前并未问世。 +取材来源主要剧情不知取自何处但暴风雨和岛屿的某些细节似乎来自威廉·斯特雷奇William Strachey所著《托马斯·盖茨爵士船难获救真实报导》A True Reportory of the Wreck and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight写于1610年收入1625年出版的《珀切斯游记》[Purchas his Pilgrims]或许还有西尔韦斯特·乔丹Sylvester Jourdain的《百慕大发现记》A Discovery of the Bermudas, 1610年以及弗吉尼亚公司发行的小册子《弗吉尼亚殖民地资产真实报告》A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colony in Virginia1610年有几处提到维吉尔Virgil11的《埃涅阿斯纪》Aeneid与奥维德的《变形记》特别是在第五幕第一场模仿阿瑟·戈尔丁Arthur Golding1567年翻译奥维德第七卷内美狄亚的咒文贡柴罗在第二幕第一场关于“黄金时代”的说辞基于约翰·弗洛里奥John Florio1603年所译蒙田《论食人部族》一文两者十分接近。 +文本1623年的第一对开本是唯一早期印刷本。所据为国王剧团所雇专业誊录员拉尔夫·克兰的抄写本。总体说来是高质量的印刷本。 +乔纳森·贝特Jonathan Bate +注释 +1 或因普洛斯彼罗舍不得爱丽儿。——译者附注 +2 柯尔律治1772—1834英国诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +3 阿格里帕1486—1535德国医生、神学家、神秘学家。——译者附注 +4 马洛1564—1593英国伊丽莎白时期剧作家、诗人。——译者附注 +5 卡尔达诺1501—1576意大利医生、数学家、占星术家。——译者附注 +6 曼诺尼1899—1989法国精神分析学家、作家。——译者附注 +7 法农1925—1961出生于法属加勒比海岛屿马提尼克岛精神分析学家、哲学家。——译者附注 +8 忒堤斯为古希腊神话中的女海神之名。——译者附注 +9 琼森1572—1637英国剧作家、诗人、评论家。——译者附注 +10 琼斯1573—1652英国画家、建筑师、设计师。——译者附注 +11 维吉尔前70—前19奥古斯都时代的古罗马诗人。——译者附注 +暴风雨 +普洛斯彼罗合法的米兰公爵 +米兰达普洛斯彼罗之女 +阿隆佐那不勒斯国王 +西巴斯辛阿隆佐之弟 +安东尼奥普洛斯彼罗之弟篡位的米兰公爵 +腓迪南那不勒斯国王之子 +贡柴罗忠诚的老枢密大臣 +阿德里安和弗兰西斯科两贵族 +特林鸠罗弄臣 +斯丹法诺酗酒的司膳官 +船长 +水手长 +众水手 +凯列班未驯化的畸形奴隶 +爱丽儿空气精灵 +场景无人的荒岛 +第一幕1 +第一场第一景 +海中一船 +雷电交加暴风雨声可闻。船长与水手长上 +船长 水手长 +水手长 在船长。有什么吩咐 +船长 好兄弟去跟水手们说动作要快不然咱会搁浅啦快赶快 +下 +众水手上 +水手长 嘿哥儿们加油加油哥儿们快点快点把中桅帆收一收。听船长的哨音。——尽管刮吧刮到你喘不过气也没关系只要船掉得过头来。 +对风暴 +阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥、腓迪南、贡柴罗及其他人上 +阿隆佐 好水手长留意点儿。船长在哪儿拿出男子气概来。 +水手长 各位请待在下头。 +安东尼奥 船长在哪儿啊水手长 +水手长 您没听见他吗您碍着我们的事啦。待在舱里你们这是在帮助暴风雨。 +贡柴罗 别那么说好兄弟耐心点。 +水手长 先得等大海有耐心。走开这些个大吼大叫的会理你什么国王吗去舱里闭嘴别烦我们。 +贡柴罗 好兄弟可要记得你船上载的是谁。 +水手长 没一个是我爱得超过我自个儿的。您是个大臣要是您能命令这些风雨不作声现在就平静那咱们就一根绳索都不管。施展您的权威吧。要是您办不到就感谢您活了这把年纪回舱里预备随时有什么不测——万一真有的话。——加油兄弟们—— +对众水手 +别挡了我们我说。 +对众大臣 +[阿隆佐、西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与腓迪南随水手长及众水手]下 +贡泽罗 这家伙让我非常安慰。我看他没有淹死的凶相他那张脸分明就该是被绞死的。2善良的命运之神哪千万要让他被绞死用他命中注定的绞绳作我们的定锚缆索吧因为我们自己的不管用了。他若不是注定该被绞死的我们的处境就悲惨啰。 +下 +水手长上 +水手长 放低中桅快再低再低尽量把船固定住。幕内一声呼喊混蛋叫成这样他们比这天气、比咱们发号施令还大声。 +西巴斯辛、安东尼奥与贡柴罗上 +又来啦你们来干吗的想叫我们放弃、淹死你们想要沉船哪 +西巴斯辛 我咒你喉咙长脓包你这个大吼大叫、亵渎神明、没有慈悲心肠的狗 +水手长 那你们来干。 +安东尼奥 绞死你狗东西绞死你婊子养的无耻大嗓门我们才没有你那么怕被淹死呢。 +贡柴罗 我敢担保他不会淹死就算这条船比个坚果的壳儿还小而且比流个不停的3女人漏得还凶。 +水手长 顶住风顶住风两张帆都升起来再出海升起来 +众水手浑身湿透上 +众水手 完蛋了快祷告祷告完蛋了 +水手长 什么我们都得淹死 +贡柴罗 王上和王子在祷告。咱们去助祷我们情况一样。 +西巴斯辛 我没耐性了。 +安东尼奥 我们根本是被酒鬼害了命。这个大嘴巴的无赖你淹死算了还让潮水冲刷十遍 +贡柴罗 他还是会被绞死的 +尽管每一滴海水都赌誓不会 +而且张着大口要吞他。 +水手长及众水手下 +幕内喧闹声 +[后台人声] 可怜我们吧——船裂了船裂了——别了我的妻儿——别了兄弟——船裂了船裂了船裂了 +安东尼奥 咱们跟王上一起沉了吧。 +西巴斯辛 咱们去向他道别。 +[安东尼奥与西巴斯辛]下 +贡柴罗 这时我情愿用千顷波涛去换一亩荒地长长的灌木、棕色的荆豆什么都行。愿上天的旨意成就但我情愿死在旱地。 +下 +第二场第二景 +本剧以下场景都在普洛斯彼罗的海岛的各处 +普洛斯彼罗4与米兰达5上 +米兰达 至爱的父亲您若是借了法术 +使这狂涛咆哮请平息它们。 +上天好像要倾倒恶臭的沥青 +亏得大海上升到苍穹的脸颊 +熄灭了天火6。看到他们受苦我 +一同受苦。美轮美奂的一艘船—— +上面想必载着高贵的人物—— +都撞成了碎片。啊那喊叫声打在 +我的心坎上。那些可怜人都完了。 +假如我是个有权能的神我会 +先把大海沉入地下不让它 +如此吞灭这艘美好的船还有 +船里的人。 +普洛斯彼罗 安心吧 +不必再害怕。告诉你怜悯的心肠 +并没有造成损伤。 +米兰达 啊可怜哪 +普洛斯彼罗 没事。 +我所做的没有不是为了你—— +为了你我亲爱的你我女儿——你 +不明白你的身份根本不知道 +我的来历也不知道我的高贵 +超过普洛斯彼罗一个破洞窟的主人 +不过尔尔的你的父亲。 +米兰达 我从来没有 +想过要知道得更详细。 +普洛斯彼罗 时候已到 +我该多告诉你一些。帮我 +脱下我这件魔法斗篷。这样 +放下魔法斗篷 +躺好了我的魔法。你擦擦眼睛放心。 +那船难的恐怖景象触动了 +你内心至情至性的哀矜 +但我在我法术之中早已预作 +安排不叫船上任何人—— +对甚至任何生物——有 +一根毛发受到损伤尽管你 +听到哀嚎看见船沉。坐下吧 +米兰达坐下 +因为现在你必须多了解一些。 +米兰达 您常常 +要跟我讲我的身份却欲言又止 +我想追问终是徒然因您 +最后总说“慢着时机未到。” +普洛斯彼罗 现在时机已到 +就在此刻你要张开耳朵 +听话要专心。你可记得 +我们来到这洞窟之前的时候 +我想你不能因为你那时还 +不满三岁。 +米兰达 我当然能够大人。 +普洛斯彼罗 记得什么呢有别的房屋或人吗 +告诉我有什么东西的形象 +还保存在你的记忆里。 +米兰达 很久远了 +我记得的比较像是一场梦 +不能保证准确无误。我不是 +曾经有四五个女人照顾吗 +普洛斯彼罗 你有还更多呢米兰达。可是这 +怎么还会留在你心中在时间黑暗的 +过去和深渊中你还看到什么 +你既然记得来此以前的事 +或许也记得你是怎么来的。 +米兰达 那我倒记不得了。 +普洛斯彼罗 十二年了米兰达十二年了 +你父亲原是米兰公爵一个 +大权在握的亲王。 +米兰达 大人您不是我父亲 +普洛斯彼罗 你母亲是美德的典范而 +她说你是我的女儿你父亲 +是米兰公爵他唯一的继承人 +公主也同样出身高贵。 +米兰达 啊天哪 +是什么卑鄙算计害我们流落至此 +还是说该算幸运呢 +普洛斯彼罗 都是都是孩子。 +就如你说的我们被卑鄙算计抛弃 +但幸运地获救于此。 +米兰达 啊我的心会淌血 +要是想到我给您添的麻烦 +但现在都不记得了。您请说下去。 +普洛斯彼罗 我弟弟就是你叔父叫安东尼奥的—— +我请你听好了——做兄弟的竟然 +会这样背信——世界上除了你以外 +他是我的最爱还托付他 +管理我邦的政务那时候啊 +所有城邦中要数米兰第一 +而普洛斯彼罗是至尊公爵享有如此 +殊荣说到人文素养7 +无人能比。我既一心一意钻研 +便把政务交给弟弟 +对我邦大事愈发生疏因为全神 +贯注于玄秘研究。你那虚伪的叔父—— +你在听吗 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/test-dual.txt b/data/test-dual.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a2a28bf1f3e9dd2d8828df9321b6fdb265632787 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/test-dual.txt @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + +国际 +中 +双语 +英 +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +In 2021, We Were There: The Year’s 14 Most Popular Dispatches +BRYANT ROUSSEAU +2021年12月31日 + +HANNAH REYES MORALES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +As the world reopened cautiously in 2021, our correspondents seized the chance to venture out in search of stories that would astonish, delight, provoke and enlighten. We went from the heights of a Himalayan ski slope to the ocean depths off the Philippines where amiable giants dive, and from a rugged island where a whistling language is still used to an Italian atelier where robots carve the sculptures. +随着2021年世界谨慎地重新开放，我们的记者抓住机会，探索了那些充满惊奇、愉悦、刺激和启迪的故事。我们从喜马拉雅滑雪场的高处来到潜伏着温和巨兽的菲律宾海底；从一个仍以口哨为语言的崎岖岛屿出发，来到一个由机器人完成雕刻的意大利工作室。 +If the pandemic often kept our reporters confined to urban settings in 2020, this year afforded them the chance to explore deep into the countryside. We observed a (bogus) diamond rush in rural South Africa and accompanied Indigenous hunters in Taiwan. We trekked to Canada’s beaver dams, swam in a contested stream in northern Israel and returned home to a Tuscan village sliding back in time. +如果说2020年的疫情让记者困在城市环境中，今年他们则得到了深入探索乡村地区的机会。我们在南非农村看到了一场（虚假的）钻石热，并与台湾的原住民猎手同行。我们徒步至加拿大的河狸坝，在以色列北部一条存在争端的河流中畅游，并回到了让时光倒流的托斯卡纳村庄。 +Many dispatches arrived from places difficult to access even in the best of times, from ancient ruins in Syria now housing the desperate and displaced to an island off New Guinea full of war relics and human remains. We also made it to Babylon, Suriname, Kaliningrad, Saudi Arabia, Albania and “Trump Lake” in Kosovo. +许多外派报道发自即使在最好的时代也难以到达的地方，从如今住着绝望和无家可归者的叙利亚古老废墟，到新几内亚附近一个满是战争遗迹和人类遗骸的岛上。我们还去到了巴比伦、苏里南、加里宁格勒、沙特阿拉伯、阿尔巴尼亚以及科索沃的“特朗普湖”。 +Cities demanded attention, too: We put Cairo’s glorious and glitchy elevators (and its Tahrir Square) in the spotlight, along with the giant murals transforming São Paulo into an open-air art gallery. Our stories stretched from an empty Louvre to Rio’s dive bars to Hong Kong’s newly crowded nature spots. Kolkata merited two dispatches: on its fairy tale trams and its cafes, where it’s all about the conversation. +城市也需要我们的关注：我们聚焦了开罗华丽又故障不断的电梯（以及那里的解放广场），还有将圣保罗变成露天艺术画廊的巨幅壁画。我们的故事从空荡荡的卢浮宫延伸到里约热内卢的廉价酒吧，再到香港近来人满为患的自然景点。加尔各答值得两篇报道：关于其童话般的有轨电车，还有咖啡馆，那是一切交谈发生的地方。 +While travel was a little easier, the coronavirus still gripped the globe. Our dispatches revealed how the world was adapting, from England, where people were moving onto canalboats, to a shuttered Paris, where France’s bureaucracy was in overdrive. We shared our experiences at a quarantine camp in Australia and at a mostly empty Taj Mahal. In Mexico, we spent time with the country’s suffering piñata makers and at its unexpectedly upbeat vaccination centers. +虽然旅行变得容易一些了，但新冠病毒的阴影依然笼罩全球。我们的报道揭示了世界如何适应这种情况，从人们移居运河船上的英格兰，到封锁的巴黎，那里的法国官僚机构已不堪重负。我们分享了身处澳大利亚的隔离点和几乎空无一人的泰姬陵是何种体验。在墨西哥，我们花时间走访了这个国家苦难深重的皮纳塔制作者和乐观到出乎意料的疫苗接种中心。 +The year’s biggest news stories also led to memorable and moving dispatches, from the hometown of Haiti’s slain president to a border region in Turkey re-energized by Syrian refugees. In Afghanistan, our reporters were there to witness the fighting on the front lines and the final withdrawal of U.S. troops. +从被杀害的海地总统的故乡，到因叙利亚难民而恢复活力的土耳其边境，这一年的重大新闻催生了难忘而感人的报道。在阿富汗，我们的记者见证了前线的战斗和美军的最后撤离。 +Here are the 14 dispatches most popular with readers in 2021: +以下就是2021年最受读者欢迎的14篇文章： +4月，东德里为新冠病人设立的火葬场。 +4月，东德里为新冠病人设立的火葬场。 ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +‘This Is a Catastrophe.’ In India, Illness Is Everywhere. +“这是谋杀。”在印度，疾病无处不在。 +As India in April suffered the world’s worst coronavirus crisis, our correspondent described the fear of living amid a disease spreading at such scale and speed: “Crematories are so full of bodies, it’s as if a war just happened. Fires burn around the clock. Many places are holding mass cremations, dozens at a time, and at night, in certain areas of New Delhi, the sky glows.” +4月，印度遭遇了世界上最严重的新冠危机，我们的记者描述了生活在一种以如此规模和速度传播的疾病中的恐惧：“火葬场堆满了尸体，就好像刚发生过一场战争。大火不分昼夜地燃烧着。许多地方进行一次几十具尸体的集体火化。到了夜晚，在新德里的某些地方，火光冲天。” +— By Jeffrey Gettleman, photographs by Atul Loke +——撰文：Jeffrey Gettleman，摄影：Atul Loke +在阿富汗拉格曼省的塔利班“红队”成员。他们所穿的运动鞋成为了暴力的代名词。 +在阿富汗拉格曼省的塔利班“红队”成员。他们所穿的运动鞋成为了暴力的代名词。 JIM HUYLEBROEK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +In Afghanistan, Follow the White High-Tops and You’ll Find the Taliban +在阿富汗，跟随白色高帮运动鞋就能找到塔利班 +For many Afghans, unassuming white high-top sneakers with green-and-yellow trim evoke only one emotion: fear. That’s because they’re beloved by Taliban fighters as a status symbol, and the shoes have become synonymous with violence. +对许多阿富汗人来说，带有黄绿装饰色的白色高帮运动鞋只会唤起一种情绪：恐惧。这是因为，作为身份的象征，这种鞋子受到了塔利班武装分子的喜爱，成为了暴力的代名词。 +— By Thomas Gibbons-Neff and Fahim Abed; photographs by Jim Huylebroek +——撰文：Thomas Gibbons-Neff和Fahim Abed，摄影：Jim Huylebroek +9月，巴黎里沃利街与塞瓦斯托波尔大道交汇处的晚高峰。 +9月，巴黎里沃利街与塞瓦斯托波尔大道交汇处的晚高峰。 DMITRY KOSTYUKOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +As Bikers Throng the Streets, ‘It’s Like Paris Is in Anarchy’ +骑行者挤满大街，“巴黎仿佛进入无序状态” +An ecologically minded experiment to make Paris a cycling capital has led to a million people now pedaling daily — and to rising tensions with pedestrians. “It’s chaos!” exclaimed Sarah Famery, a 20-year resident of the Marais neighborhood, shaking a fist at a swarm of bikes. “It’s becoming risky just to cross the street!” +为了让巴黎成为骑行之都，一场具有生态意识的实验导致每天上百万人骑车上街——加剧了骑行者与行人的紧张关系。“全乱套了！”在玛莱区住了20年的莎拉·法默里叫嚷道，并冲着一堆自行车挥舞拳头。“连过马路都变得危险了！” +— By Liz Alderman; photographs by Dmitry Kostyukov +——撰文：Liz Alderman，摄影：Dmitry Kostyukov +意大利蒙法尔科内港，一些前往威尼斯的游船停靠在了这里。 +意大利蒙法尔科内港，一些前往威尼斯的游船停靠在了这里。 GIULIA MARCHI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Looking for St. Mark’s Square? You May Find Yourself in a Shipyard Instead. +寻找圣马可广场？你也许会发现自己到了一家造船厂 +On the weekend that Venice’s ban on cruise ships took effect, some tourists were surprised to be docked hours away from the city’s famous sights. “It’s not exactly as charming as Venice,” said the honeymooning Vittoria Comparone, as she looked out from her ships’ cabin — not over St. Mark’s Square, but at towering cranes. +在威尼斯游船禁令生效后的周末，一些游客停靠在了距离著名景点还有几小时行程的地方，这让他们惊讶无比。“这可不像威尼斯那样迷人，”正在度蜜月的维多利亚·康帕龙说，她从船舱里向外看——看到的并不是圣马可广场，而是高耸的起重机吊臂。 +— By Jason Horowitz; photographs by Giulia Marchi +——撰文：Jason Horowitz，摄影：Giulia Marchi +21岁的克里斯蒂娜·伯宁抱着她的奶牛艾莉，身边是她的姊妹席琳和米歇尔。 +21岁的克里斯蒂娜·伯宁抱着她的奶牛艾莉，身边是她的姊妹席琳和米歇尔。 LENA MUCHA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +On This German Farm, Cows Are in Charge. Or at Least Coequals. +在这家德国农场，奶牛当家。或者至少跟当家平起平坐 +The cows don’t have to produce milk. The pigs sleep late. Their only purpose is to live peacefully — and provoke questions about how we eat. “We need to think about how we can live differently, and we need to leave animals in peace,” said Karin Mück who helps run an ex-dairy farm in Germany turned into an animal retirement home. +奶牛不需要产奶。猪睡懒觉。它们存在的唯一目的就是过自己的安静日子——并引发关于人类饮食方式的疑问。“我们需要思考如何以不同的方式生活，我们需要给动物一片清净的空间，”卡琳·穆克说，她在德国帮忙经营着一家由奶牛农场改造而成的动物养老院。 +— By Melissa Eddy; photographs by Lena Mucha +——撰文：Melissa Eddy；摄影：Lena Mucha +在被塔利班占领前不久，阿富汗喀布尔市中心的一名果汁小贩。 +在被塔利班占领前不久，阿富汗喀布尔市中心的一名果汁小贩。 MUJIB MASHAL/THE NEW YORK TIMES +A Journey Through Kabul on the Day of the Fall +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别一个希望的时代 +A Times correspondent who grew up in the Afghan capital returned just before the Taliban’s victory, taking in the end of one era and the fearful start of another: “In the hours before the Taliban walked into Kabul, and the two-decade quest to build a democratic Afghanistan tumbled into fear and uncertainty, I left my parents’ home to take a bus around the city. This was not a reporting outing. It was personal.” +一位在阿富汗首都长大的时报记者在塔利班获胜前回到喀布尔，感受了一个时代的结束和另一个时代充满恐惧的开始：“在塔利班进入喀布尔、让20年来建设民主阿富汗的征途陷入恐惧和不安之前的几个小时，我走出父母家门，乘公交在这座城市兜圈。这不是外出报道。这是为了我自己。” +— By Mujib Mashal; photographs by Mr. Mashal and Jim Huylebroek +——撰文：Mujib Mashal；照片：Mashal Mashal和Jim Huylebroek +海啸发生一个月后的气仙废墟，一户人家后院里脏兮兮的夹克衫。 +海啸发生一个月后的气仙废墟，一户人家后院里脏兮兮的夹克衫。 HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES +A 1,000-Year-Old Japanese Village, Erased +具有千年历史的日本村庄消亡 +The earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, wiped away the ancient Japanese village of Kesen. In the past decade, a small group of survivors has valiantly tried to rebuild the community, but a grim reality has set in: This emptiness will likely last forever. +2011年3月11日的地震和海啸摧毁了日本古老的村庄气仙。过去10年里，一小群勇敢的幸存者试图重建社区，但一个严峻的现实出现了：这种空空荡荡可能会永远持续下去。 +— Photographs by Hiroko Masuike; written by Russell Goldman +——照片：Hiroko Masuike；撰文：Russell Goldman +游客在俄罗斯西伯利亚贝加尔湖的干净冰面上拍照。 +游客在俄罗斯西伯利亚贝加尔湖的干净冰面上拍照。 +For Russians in a Pandemic, Lake Baikal Is the Place to See and Be Seen +没了外国游客，贝加尔湖迎来“俄罗斯季” +With borders closed because of the pandemic, crowds of Russian tourists have traded tropical beaches for Lake Baikal’s icicle-draped shores. What’s the appeal, especially when the temperature is subzero? “The assault on the senses is otherworldly,” writes our correspondent. “The silence around you is interrupted every few seconds by the cracking underneath — groans, bangs and weird, techno-music twangs. Look down, and the imperfections of the glass-clear ice emerge as pale, shimmering curtains.” +边境因疫情而关闭，大批俄罗斯游客将旅游目的地从热带海滩换成贝加尔湖冰柱覆盖的湖岸。是什么吸引着他们，尤其是当温度低于零度时？“感官会受到异乎寻常的冲击，”我们的记者写道。“每隔几秒钟，你周围的沉静就会被下面的裂缝打断——低吟声、砰砰声和怪异的类似电子乐拨弦的声音。往下看，玻璃般透明冰面的瑕疵像是闪闪发光的浅色窗帘。” +— By Anton Troianovski; photographs by Sergey Ponomarev +——撰文：Anton Troianovski；照片：Sergey Ponomarev +以色列海法，一头野猪过马路。以色列于2019年禁止射杀这种动物。 +以色列海法，一头野猪过马路。以色列于2019年禁止射杀这种动物。 DAN BALILTY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Where Boars Hog the Streets +野猪占领街道 +Groups of boars have become an unavoidable presence in Haifa, Israel, charming some while scaring others. “It became like an everyday thing,” said a chef who lets his dog play with the boars that putter around city parks. Bumping into one is “like seeing a squirrel.” +在以色列海法，成群结队的野猪已经成为不可避免的存在，一些人觉得有趣而另一些人感到害怕。“这已经变得像一种生活常态，”一位厨师说，他让他的狗和在城市公园游走的野猪玩耍。碰上一头野猪“就像看到一只松鼠”般平常。 +— By Patrick Kingsley; photographs by Dan Balilty +——撰文：Patrick Kingsley；照片：Dan Balilty +乔·加拉格尔在爱尔兰奥法利郡的普洛为一名男子进行“偏方治疗”。 +乔·加拉格尔在爱尔兰奥法利郡的普洛为一名男子进行“偏方治疗”。 PAULO NUNES DOS SANTOS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Secret Charms and 7th Sons: ‘The Cure’ Is Alive and Well in Ireland +神秘咒语和第七个儿子：在爱尔兰，“偏方”大行其道 +Belief in the benefits of the cure, a type of folk medicine that interweaves home remedies with superstition, religion and a sprinkle of magic is still a way of life in pockets of Ireland. “That we don’t believe in miracles doesn’t mean we don’t hope for them,” a professor of Irish folklore said. +一种民间医学将家庭药剂与迷信、宗教和魔法交织在一起，在爱尔兰一些地区，对这种偏方的笃信仍然是一种生活方式。“我们不相信奇迹，并不意味着我们不希望有奇迹，”爱尔兰民俗学教授说。 +— By Megan Specia; photographs by Paulo Nunes dos Santos +——撰文：Megan Specia；照片：Paulo Nunes dos Santos +黄昏时刻，一组研究人员捕捉从考冲帕兰洞穴飞出的蝙蝠。 +黄昏时刻，一组研究人员捕捉从考冲帕兰洞穴飞出的蝙蝠。 ADAM DEAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Thai Caves Attract Millions of Bats (and Now Scientists Too) +泰国洞穴吸引了数百万只蝙蝠（现在也引来了科学家） +A cave complex at a temple in Thailand has long drawn tourists, pilgrims and guano collectors. Now, scientists have arrived, looking for links to the coronavirus. “I’m worried that one day bats will only be a legend here,” said a monk at a nearby temple. “If we lose our bats, we lose what makes us special.” +泰国一座寺庙的洞穴群长期以来一直吸引着游客、朝圣者和鸟粪收集者。现在，科学家们来到这里寻找与新冠病毒相关的线索。“我担心有一天我们只剩下蝙蝠的传说，”附近寺庙的一位僧人说。“如果我们失去了蝙蝠，我们就会失去让我们与众不同的东西。” +— By Hannah Beech; photographs by Adam Dean +——撰文：Hannah Beech；照片：Adam Dean +艺术家艾琳·加西亚-伊内斯和旅店老板耶稣·哈托与他们的驴子奥斯卡一起在圣地亚哥朝圣之路上。 +艺术家艾琳·加西亚-伊内斯和旅店老板耶稣·哈托与他们的驴子奥斯卡一起在圣地亚哥朝圣之路上。 SAMUEL ARANDA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +On Spain’s Camino de Santiago, Even Óscar the Donkey Is a Pilgrim +在西班牙圣地亚哥朝圣之路上，就连驴子奥斯卡也是一位朝圣者 +An artist and an innkeeper have enlisted the help of a burro in their effort to rescue the traditions of Spain’s ancient pilgrimage route from mass tourism (and selfies). “Losing these traditions, it’s like what if we lost the pyramids?” said one of the pilgrims. “We put a lot of value on monuments, but less on the small things.” +一位艺术家和一位旅店老板希望通过驴子的帮助，将西班牙古老的朝圣路线传统从大众旅游（和自拍）中解救出来。“失去这些传统，就好像说，如果我们失去了金字塔怎么办？”一位朝圣者说。“我们非常重视纪念碑，但不够重视这些小事。” +— By Nicholas Casey; photographs by Samuel Aranda +——撰文：Nicholas Casey；照片：Samuel Aranda +在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 +在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 JACQUES NKINZINGABO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +At Rwanda’s Favorite Bars, Forget the Beer: Milk Is What’s on Tap +在卢旺达最受欢迎的酒吧，不点啤酒：来杯牛奶 +Milk is a favorite drink in Rwanda, and milk bars serve it up in abundance, fresh or fermented, hot or cold. “When you drink milk, you always have your head straight and your ideas right,” a patron said. +牛奶是卢旺达最受欢迎的饮品，牛奶吧供应大量新鲜或发酵、热或冷的牛奶。“当你喝牛奶时，你总是头脑清醒，想得明白，”一位顾客说。 +— By Abdi Latif Dahir; photographs by Jacques Nkinzingabo +——撰文：Abdi Latif Dahir；照片：Jacques Nkinzingabo +78岁的全宋子、77岁的洪锡顺和85岁的罗正顺。她们乘坐的出租车只需要花非常少的钱。 +78岁的全宋子、77岁的洪锡顺和85岁的罗正顺。她们乘坐的出租车只需要花非常少的钱。 JEAN CHUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +‘It’s a Godsend’: 9-Cent Taxi Rides in Rural South Korea +“天上掉下来的好事”：改变韩国农村的“百元出租车” +One county’s plan to help older, carless citizens stuck in remote villages proved wildly popular and has been copied across South Korea, revolutionizing public transportation in the countryside. “I probably know more about these old folks than anyone else because I drive them two or three times a week,” said one of the a 100-won (9 cent) taxi drivers. +在韩国的偏远村庄，无车老人难以出行，一个郡政府为此提供的帮助计划广受欢迎，并复制到韩国各地，彻底改变了农村的公共交通。“我可能比别人更了解这些老人，因为我每星期都要载他们两三次，”一位百元出租车司机说。 +— By Sang-Hun Choe; photographs by Jean Chung +——撰文：Sang-Hun Choe；照片：Jean Chung +翻译：纽约时报中文网 + +点击查看本文英文版。 + +相关报道 +2020年最受欢迎的13篇通讯 +2020年12月31日 + +2020年最受欢迎的13篇通讯 +在一条被污染的河流里向太阳祈祷 +2021年11月12日 + +在一条被污染的河流里向太阳祈祷 +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别希望的时代 +2021年8月30日 + +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别希望的时代 +霞浦，中国的网红打卡点和摆拍圣地 +2021年6月29日 + +霞浦，中国的网红打卡点和摆拍圣地 +印度疫情失控，疾病和死亡无处不在 +2021年4月28日 + +印度疫情失控，疾病和死亡无处不在 +传统与现代之间的台湾原住民狩猎 +2021年4月13日 + +传统与现代之间的台湾原住民狩猎 +最受欢迎 +西安封城逾一周，极端限制措施惹民怨 +西安封城逾一周，极端限制措施惹民怨 +“憎恨男人的人滚出去！”韩国反女权主义浪潮兴起 +“憎恨男人的人滚出去！”韩国反女权主义浪潮兴起 +感染奥密克戎会出现哪些症状？ +感染奥密克戎会出现哪些症状？ +民主国家面临的最大困境是什么？ +民主国家面临的最大困境是什么？ +红毯仪式与礼炮庆祝：恒大称将偿还债务、交付楼盘 +红毯仪式与礼炮庆祝：恒大称将偿还债务、交付楼盘 +为什么许多人对新冠已经不再恐惧？ +为什么许多人对新冠已经不再恐惧？ +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +《纽约时报》读者选出的125年来最佳书籍 +《纽约时报》读者选出的125年来最佳书籍 +新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测 +新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测 +《纽约时报》2021年最受欢迎的20篇文章 +《纽约时报》2021年最受欢迎的20篇文章 +国际 +中国 +商业与经济 +镜头 +科技 +科学 +健康 +教育 +文化 +风尚 +旅游 +房地产 +观点与评论 +免费下载 纽约时报中文网 +iOS 和 Android App + +点击下载iOS App点击下载Android App点击下载Android APK +© 2021 The New York Times Company. diff --git a/data/test_en.txt b/data/test_en.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..de6eeea28ca039ecd85ed083e69c6fa52d251ecc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/test_en.txt @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +Wuthering Heights + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Chapter 2 + + Chinese + + +Yesterday afternoon set in misty and cold. I had half a mind to spend it by my study fire, instead of wading through heath and mud to Wuthering Heights. On coming up from dinner, however (N.B. I dine between twelve and one o'clock; the housekeeper, a matronly lady, taken as a fixture along with the house, could not, or would not, comprehend my request that I might be served at five), on mounting the stairs with this lazy intention, and stepping into the room, I saw a servant girl on her knees surrounded by brushes and coal-scuttles, and raising an infernal dust as she extinguished the flames with heaps of cinders. This spectacle drove me back immediately; I took my hat, and, after a four-miles' walk, arrived at Heathcliff's garden gate just in time to escape the first feathery flakes of a snow shower. + +On that bleak hill top the earth was hard with a black frost, and the air made me shiver through every limb. Being unable to remove the chain, I jumped over, and, running up the flagged causeway bordered with straggling gooseberry bushes, knocked vainly for admittance, till my knuckles tingled and the dogs howled. + +`Wretched inmates!' I ejaculated mentally, `you deserve perpetual isolation from your species for your churlish inhospitality. At least, I would not keep my doors barred in the day time. I don't care--I will get in!' So resolved, I grasped the latch and shook it vehemently. Vinegar-faced Joseph projected his head from a round window of the barn. + +`Whet are ye for?' he shouted. `T' maister's dahn i' t' fowld. Go rahnd by th' end ut' laith, if yah went tuh spake tull him.' + +`Is there nobody inside to open the door?' I hallooed, responsively. + +`They's nobbut t' missis; and shoo'll nut oppen't an ye mak yer flaysome dins till neeght.' + +`Why? Cannot you tell her who I am, eh, Joseph?' + +`Nor-ne me! Aw'll hae noa hend wi't,' muttered the head, vanishing. + +The snow began to drive thickly. I seized the handle to essay another trial; when a young man without coat, and shouldering a pitchfork, appeared in the yard behind. He hailed me to follow him, and, after marching through a wash-house, and a paved area containing a coal shed, pump, and pigeon cot, we at length arrived in the huge, warm, cheerful apartment, where I was formerly received. It glowed delightfully in the radiance of an immense fire, compounded of coal, peat, and wood; and near the table, laid for a plentiful evening meal, I was pleased to observe the `missis', an individual whose existence I had never previously suspected. I bowed and waited, thinking she would bid me take a seat. She looked at me, leaning back in her chair, and remained motionless and mute. + +`Rough weather!' I remarked. `I'm afraid, Mrs Heathcliff, the door must bear the consequence of your servants' leisure attendance: I had hard work to make them hear me.' + +She never opened her mouth. I stared--she stared also: at any rate, she kept her eyes on me in a cool, regardless manner, exceedingly embarrassing and disagreeable. + +`Sit down,' said the young man gruffly. `He'll be in soon.' + +I obeyed; and hemmed, and called the villain Juno, who deigned, at this second interview, to move the extreme tip of her tail, in token of owning my acquaintance. + +`A beautiful animal!' I commenced again. `Do you intend parting with the little ones, madam?' + +`They are not mine,' said the amiable hostess, more repellingly than Heathcliff himself could have replied. + +`Ah, your favourites are among these?' I continued, turning to an obscure cushion full of something like cats. + +`A strange choice of favourites!' she observed scornfully. + +Unluckily, it was a heap of dead rabbits. I hemmed once more, and drew closer to the hearth, repeating my comment on the wildness of the evening. + +`You should not have come out,' she said, rising and reaching from the chimney-piece two of the painted canisters. + +Her position before was sheltered from the light; now, I had a distinct view of her whole figure and countenance. She was slender, and apparently scarcely past girlhood: an admirable form, and the most exquisite little face that I have ever had the pleasure of beholding; small features, very fair; flaxen ringlets, or rather golden, hanging loose on her delicate neck; and eyes, had they been agreeable in expression, they would have been irresistible: fortunately for my susceptible heart, the only sentiment they evinced hovered between scorn, and a kind of desperation, singularly unnatural to be detected there. The canisters were almost out of her reach; I made a motion to aid her; she turned upon me as a miser might turn if anyone attempted to assist him in counting his gold. + +`I don't want your help,' she snapped; `I can get them for myself.' + +`I beg your pardon!' I hastened to reply. + +`Were you asked to tea?' she demanded, tying an apron over her neat black frock, and standing with a spoonful of the leaf poised over the pot. + +`I shall be glad to have a cup,' I answered. + +`Were you asked?' she repeated. + +`No,' I said, half smiling. `You are the proper person to ask me.' +　 + + +Contents PreviousChapter + NextChapter + + +Homepage diff --git a/data/test_zh.txt b/data/test_zh.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3f8318537fd71e98041d62c555a892aa9a2156ae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/test_zh.txt @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +呼啸山庄 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +第二章 + + 英文 + + +昨天下午又冷又有雾。我想就在书房炉边消磨一下午，不想踩着杂草污泥到呼啸山庄了。 + +但是，吃过午饭（注意——我在十二点与一点钟之间吃午饭，而可以当作这所房子的附属物的管家婆，一位慈祥的太太却不能，或者并不愿理解我请求在五点钟开饭的用意），在我怀着这个懒惰的想法上了楼，迈进屋子的时候，看见一个女仆跪在地上，身边是扫帚和煤斗。她正在用一堆堆煤渣封火，搞起一片弥漫的灰尘。这景象立刻把我赶回头了。我拿了帽子，走了四里路，到达了希刺克厉夫的花园口口，刚好躲过了一场今年初降的鹅毛大雪。 + +在那荒凉的山顶上，土地由于结了一层黑冰而冻得坚硬，冷空气使我四肢发抖。我弄不开门链，就跳进去，顺着两边种着蔓延的醋栗树丛的石路跑去。我白白地敲了半天门，一直敲到我的手指骨都痛了，狗也狂吠起来。 + +“倒霉的人家！”我心里直叫，“只为你这样无礼待客，就该一辈子跟人群隔离。我至少还不会在白天把门闩住。我才不管呢——我要进去！”如此决定了。我就抓住门闩，使劲摇它。苦脸的约瑟夫从谷仓的一个圆窗里探出头来。 + +“你干吗？”他大叫。“主人在牛栏里，你要是找他说话，就从这条路口绕过去。” + +“屋里没人开门吗？”我也叫起来。 + +“除了太太没有别人。你就是闹腾到夜里，她也不会开。” + +“为什么？你就不能告诉她我是谁吗，呃，约瑟夫？” + +“别找我！我才不管这些闲事呢，”这个脑袋咕噜着，又不见了。 + +雪开始下大了。我握住门柄又试一回。这时一个没穿外衣的年轻人，扛着一根草耙，在后面院子里出现了。他招呼我跟着他走，穿过了一个洗衣房和一片铺平的地，那儿有煤棚、抽水机和鸽笼，我们终于到了我上次被接待过的那间温暖的、热闹的大屋子。煤、炭和木材混合在一起燃起的熊熊炉火，使这屋子放着光彩。在准备摆上丰盛晚餐的桌旁，我很高兴地看到了那位“太太”，以前我从未料想到会有这么一个人存在的。我鞠躬等候，以为她会叫我坐下。她望望我，往她的椅背一靠，不动，也不出声。 + +“天气真坏！”我说，“希刺克厉夫太太，恐怕大门因为您的仆人偷懒而大吃苦头，我费了好大劲才使他们听见我敲门！” + +她死不开口。我瞪眼——她也瞪眼。反正她总是以一种冷冷的、漠不关心的神气盯住我，使人十分窘，而且不愉快。 + +“坐下吧，”那年轻人粗声粗气地说，“他就要来了。” + +我服从了；轻轻咳了一下，叫唤那恶狗朱诺。临到第二次会面，它总算赏脸，摇起尾巴尖，表示认我是熟人了。 + +“好漂亮的狗！”我又开始说话。“您是不是打算不要这些小的呢，夫人？” + +“那些不是我的，”这可爱可亲的女主人说，比希刺克厉夫本人所能回答的腔调还要更冷淡些。 + +“啊，您所心爱的是在这一堆里啦！”我转身指着一个看不清楚的靠垫上那一堆像猫似的东西，接着说下去。 + +“谁会爱这些东西那才怪呢！”她轻蔑地说。 + +倒霉，原来那是堆死兔子。我又轻咳一声，向火炉凑近些，又把今晚天气不好的话评论一通。 + +“你本来就不该出来。”她说，站起来去拿壁炉台上的两个彩色茶叶罐。 + +她原先坐在光线被遮住的地方，现在我把她的全身和面貌都看得清清楚楚。她苗条，显然还没有过青春期。挺好看的体态，还有一张我生平从未有幸见过的绝妙的小脸蛋。五官纤丽，非常漂亮。淡黄色的卷发，或者不如说是金黄色的，松松地垂在她那细嫩的颈上。至于眼睛，要是眼神能显得和悦些，就要使人无法抗拒了。对我这容易动情的心说来倒是常事，因为它们所表现的只是在轻蔑与近似绝望之间的一种情绪，而在那张脸上看见那样的眼神是特别不自然的。 + +她简直够不到茶叶罐。我动了一动，想帮她一下。她猛地扭转身向我，像守财奴看见别人打算帮他数他的金子一样。 + +“我不要你帮忙，”她怒气冲冲地说，“我自己拿得到。” + +“对不起！”我连忙回答。 + +“是请你来吃茶的吗？”她问，把一条围裙系在她那干净的黑衣服上，就这样站着，拿一匙茶叶正要往茶壶里倒。 + +“我很想喝杯茶。”我回答。 + +“是请你来的吗？”她又问。 + +“没有，”我说，勉强笑一笑。“您正好请我喝茶。” + +　 + + +目录 + 上一章 + 下一章 + + +返回首页 diff --git a/data/xiyouji-ch1-de.txt b/data/xiyouji-ch1-de.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fdbc778674f28630458af9fbd4d8427f83a9f9a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/xiyouji-ch1-de.txt @@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ +Wu Ch’êng-ên + +Monkeys Pilgerfahrt + +Hugendubel + + + + + +Nach der englischen Übersetzung von Arthur Waley übertragen von Georgette Boner und Maria Nils. + +1980 © der deutschen Ausgabe Heinrich Hugendubel Verlag, München, Titel der Originalausgabe MONKEY © George Allen & Unwin Ltd. London + +Alle Rechte vorbehalten + +Umschlaggestaltung: Dieter Bonhorst, mit einer Illustration von Maja Weber + +Druck und Bindung: May & Co., Darmstadt + +ISBN 3 88034 9 + +Printed in Germany + + + +* * * + + + +Die Rechtschreibung und Interpunktion der Originalausgabe sind unverändert. Offensichtliche Fehler wurden stillschweigend korrigiert. + + + + + +Inhalt + + +Vorwort zur englischen Ausgabe von Arthur Waley + +1. Kapitel: Die Geburt des magischen Affen Monkey + +2. Kapitel: Monkey’s Lehrjahre beim Patriarchen + +3. Kapitel: Die Waffen des Drachenkönigs; Monkey streicht seinen Namen aus der Liste Yamas, des Königs der Toten und erregt den Zorn des Jade-Kaisers + +4. Kapitel: Monkey erhält den Posten eines Pferdeknechts im Himmel und kehrt wegen dieser Beleidigung schnellstens auf die Erde zurück + +5. Kapitel: ›Der Große Weise Himmelsebenbürtige‹ + +6. Kapitel: Der Zauberer Erh-lang und Lao-tsu nehmen Monkey gefangen + +7. Kapitel: Monkey verliert eine Wette gegen Buddha + +8. Kapitel: Ein Bote für die Heiligen Schriften + +9. Kapitel: Die Gesetze des Karma + +10. Kapitel: Ein gebrochenes Versprechen + +11. Kapitel: Der Kaiser vor dem Totengericht + +12. Kapitel: Tripitaka erhält den Auftrag, die Heiligen Schriften aus Indien zu holen + +13. Kapitel: Der Tod von Tripitakas Reisegefährten + +14. Kapitel: Tripitaka hebt den Bann von Monkey auf und macht ihn zu seinem Reisegefährten + +15. Kapitel: Monkeys Kampf mit dem verwunschenen Drachen + +16. Kapitel: Monkey vertreibt einen ›Unhold‹ + +17. Kapitel: Der ›Unhold‹ Pigsy beschließt, Tripitaka und Monkey zu begleiten + +18. Kapitel: ›Das Ungeheuer vom Strom‹ schließt sich der Pilgerfahrt an + +19. Kapitel: Der Geist des toten Königs bittet Monkey um seine Hilfe + +20. Kapitel: Die durch bösen Zauber verwunschene Stadt Kräh-Hahn + +21. Kapitel: Lao-tsu’s Elexier erweckt den toten König wieder zum Leben; der falsche Zauberer wird in seine ursprüngliche Gestalt, einen Löwen, zurückverwandelt + +22. Kapitel: 500 Buddhisten werden von Monkey aus der Sklaverei befreit + +23. Kapitel: Monkey verulkt Taoisten, die einen Gottesdienst feiern + +24. Kapitel: Eine Wette mit tödlichem Ausgang + +25. Kapitel: Menschenopfer + +26. Kapitel: Der Flußkönig stellt Tripitaka eine Falle + +27. Kapitel: Göttliche Intervention und Rettung Tripitakas + +28. Kapitel: Tripitaka erhält die Heiligen Schriften + +29. Kapitel: Die Heimreise + +30. Kapitel: Willkommensfest in Ch’ang-an + +Arthur Waley zur deutschen Ausgabe + + + + + +Vorwort zur englischen Ausgabe von Arthur Waley + + +Die vorliegende Erzählung wurde von Wu Ch’êng-ên aus Huai-an in Kiangsu niedergeschrieben. Seine genauen Daten sind nicht bekannt. Doch scheint er zwischen 1505 und 1580 n. Chr. gelebt und sich als Dichter eines gewissen Ruhmes erfreut zu haben. Einige seiner eher unbedeutenden Verse sind in einer Anthologie der Ming-Dichtung überliefert. + +Tripitaka, dessen Pilgerfahrt nach Indien das Thema der Erzählung bildet, ist eine wirkliche Person, in der Geschichte besser bekannt als Hsüan Tsang. Er lebte im siebten Jahrhundert n. Chr. Über seine Reise gibt es eingehende zeitgenössische Berichte. Bereits im zehnten Jahrhundert, und vermutlich schon früher, war Tripitakas Pilgerfahrt Gegenstand eines ganzen Zyklus phantastischer Legenden. Seit dem dreizehnten Jahrhundert sind diese Legenden ständig auf der chinesischen Bühne dargestellt worden. Wu Ch’êng-ên standen daher für seine lange Märchenerzählung eine Menge Bausteine zur Verfügung. Das ursprüngliche Buch ist von unendlichem Umfang und wird gewöhnlich in gekürzten Fassungen gelesen. Bei diesen Bearbeitungen blieb die ursprüngliche Anzahl der einzelnen Episoden bestehen; ihre Länge jedoch wurde, besonders durch Streichen von Dialogen, erheblich gekürzt. — Ich habe meist das entgegengesetzte Prinzip angewandt, indem ich zahlreiche Episoden ausließ, die beibehaltenen jedoch nahezu ungekürzt übersetzte, mit Ausnahme der meisten eingestreuten, für eine Übertragung ins Englische ungeeigneten Verse. + +Monkey ist ein wahrhaft einzigartiges Werk in seiner Verbindung von Schönheit mit Ungereimtheit, von Tiefe mit Unsinn. Folklore, Allegorie, Religion, Geschichte, antibürokratische Satire und reine Poesie — dies sind die außerordentlich verschiedenen Elemente, aus denen das Buch sich zusammenfügt. Die Bürokraten der Erzählung sind Heilige im Himmel, und man könnte auf die Vermutung kommen, daß die Satire sich noch eher gegen die Religion als gegen die Bürokratie wandte. Dem ist aber nicht so. Es ist nämlich eine in China geläufige Anschauung, daß die Hierarchie im Himmel ein Spiegelbild der Regierungsform auf Erden sei. Hier wie so oft lassen die Chinesen die Katze aus dem Sack, wo andere Völker uns Rätsel aufgeben. Es ist häufig als Theorie geltend gemacht worden, daß eines Volkes Götter die Spiegelung seiner irdischen Regenten darstellen. In den meisten Fällen bleibt die Ableitung im Dunkeln. Im Volksglauben der Chinesen jedoch gibt es keinerlei Doppelsinn. Der Himmel ist einfach das gesamte bürokratische System, leibhaftig ins Empyreum versetzt. + +Was die Allegorie anbelangt, so versinnbildlicht Tripitaka unverkennbar den ängstlich und beflissen durch die Schwierigkeiten des Lebens tappenden Menschen, während Monkey die ewige Unruhe des Genies personifiziert. Pigsy wiederum symbolisiert offensichtlich die physischen Begierden, primitive Kraft und eine Art schwerfälliger Geduld. Sandy ist rätselhafter. Die Kommentatoren sagen, er stelle ch’êng dar, was gewöhnlich mit ›Redlichkeit‹ übersetzt wird, allein noch eher etwas im Sinne von ›Integrität des Herzens‹ bedeutet. Er kam nicht als nachträglicher Einfall in die Erzählung, erscheint er doch bereits in einigen der frühesten Fassungen der Legende. Aber es muß zugegeben werden, daß sein Bild, obgleich für die Erzählung in unerklärlicher Weise nötig, dennoch in den Umrissen seltsam undeutlich und farblos bleibt. + +Auszüge des vorliegenden Buches sind erschienen in Giles’ History of Chinese Literature und in Timothy Richard’s Mission to Heaven, zu einer Zeit, als nur die gekürzten Fassungen bekannt waren. Eine zugängliche, doch recht ungenaue Beschreibung des Werkes gibt Helen Hayes in A Buddhist Pilgrim’s Progress (Wisdom of the East Series). Ferner existiert eine recht freie japanische Paraphrase von verschiedenen Händen, mit einer 1806 datierten Einleitung des bekannten Novellisten Bakin und Illustrationen, deren einige von Hokusai stammen. Einer der Übersetzer, Hokusais Schüler Gakutei, gesteht, daß er keine Kenntnis von der Chinesischen Umgangssprache hatte, als er die Arbeit unternahm. + +Der meiner Übersetzung zugrundeliegende Text erschien 1921 in der Oriental Press, Shanghai, mit einer ausführlichen und gelehrten Einleitung von Dr. Hu Shih, derzeitigem chinesischen Botschafter in Washington. + + + + + +ERSTES KAPITEL + + +Die Geburt des magischen Affen Monkey + +Es war ein Fels, den hatten seit der Erschaffung der Welt die reinen Essenzen des Himmels, die feinen Düfte der Erde, die Kraft der Sonne und die Anmut des Mondlichts solange umspielt und umwirkt, bis er magisch geschwängert eines Tages auseinanderbarst und ein steinernes Ei von der Größe eines Spielballs gebar. Vom Winde befruchtet entwickelte es sich zu einem Affen aus Stein, vollkommen an Leib und Gliedern. Alsbald lernte dieser Affe klettern und laufen; doch das erste, was er tat, war, sich nach allen vier Himmelsrichtungen zu verneigen. Dabei schoß ein stahlhelles Licht aus seinen Affenaugen, das bis zum Palast des Polarsterns leuchtete. Ob diesem Lichtstrahl erstaunte der Jade-Kaiser, der im Wolkenpalast der Goldenen Pforten, in der Schatzkammer der Heiligen Nebel, umgeben von seinen Ministern thronte. Als er das seltsame Licht aufblitzen sah, befahl er Tausend-Meilen-Auge und In-Alle-Winde-Ohr die Pforte des Südlichen Himmels aufzutun und hinauszuspähen. Auf sein Geheiß begaben sich diese beiden Hauptleute zur Pforte und spähten so scharf und horchten so gut, daß sie bald darauf berichten konnten: »Dieses stahlhelle Licht kommt von den Grenzen des kleinen Landes Ao-lai, das im Osten des Heiligen Erdteils liegt, vom Berge der Blumen und Früchte. Auf diesem Berge ist ein Zauberfelsen, der ein Ei gebar. Das Ei verwandelte sich in einen Affen aus Stein, und als er sich nach den vier Himmelsrichtungen verneigte, schoß ein stahlhelles Licht aus seinen Augen, dessen Strahl bis zum Palast des Polarsterns blitzte. Aber jetzt ist der Affe am Trinken und das Licht am Verdämmern.« + +Der Jade-Kaiser geruhte einen gnädigen Standpunkt einzunehmen: »Die Geschöpfe in der Welt dort unten«, sagte er, »wurden aus den Essenzen des Himmels und der Erde gebildet, und nichts, was dort geschieht, sollte uns wundern.« Der Affe ging, rannte, hüpfte und sprang über die Hügel, stillte seinen Hunger an Gras und Sträuchern, löschte seinen Durst in Bächen und Quellen, pflückte Bergblumen und hielt Ausschau nach Früchten. Wolf, Panther und Tiger waren seine Gefährten, das Reh und das Zibet seine Freunde, Gibbons und Paviane seine Verwandten. Nachts ruhte er unter Felsenklippen, tagsüber streifte er umher zwischen Gipfeln und Schluchten. An einem heißen Morgen badeten er und die andern Affen, nachdem sie im Schatten einiger Föhren gespielt hatten, in einem Bergbach. Seht, wie die Wasser hüpfen und purzeln wie rollende Melonen! + +Ein alter Spruch lautet: ›Vögel haben ihre Vogelsprache, Tiere ihre Tiersprache.‹ Die Affen sagten: »Keiner von uns weiß, woher dieser Bach kommt. Wäre es nicht lustig, da wir heute nichts besonderes vorhaben, bis zu seiner Quelle hinaufzugehen?« Unter Freudenjauchzern eilte die ganze Schar, die Söhne mitschleifend, die Töchter auf den Schultern tragend, nach den älteren und jüngeren Geschwistern rufend, den Bach entlang und kletterte die steilen Hänge hinauf bis zur Quelle. Nun standen sie vor dem Vorhang eines großen Wasserfalls. + +Alle Affen patschten in die Hände und riefen: »Feines Wasser, feines Wasser! Und sich vorzustellen, daß es in einer Höhle tief unter dem Fuße des Berges anfängt und den ganzen weiten Weg bis ins Große Meer fließt! Wer von uns wäre kühn genug, durch diesen Vorhang zu springen und bis dorthin vorzudringen, wo das Wasser herkommt! Wenn er unversehrt zu uns zurückkehrt, soll er unser König sein!« Dreimal erscholl dieser Ruf. Da sprang plötzlich der Steinerne Affe aus der Schar und rief mit lauter Stimme: »Ich wage es, ich wage es!« Und seht! Er kneift die Augen zusammen, duckt sich und springt mit einem Satz mitten durch den Wasserfall. Als er die Augen öffnete, erblickte er um sich herum trockene Erde. Vor ihm dehnte sich leuchtend und glitzernd eine große Brücke. Er besah sie genau, sie war aus blankem Eisen. Das Wasser kam aus einem Loch im Felsen und füllte den Raum unter dem Brückenbogen aus. Monkey, der Steinerne Affe, kletterte auf die Brücke. Um sich schauend bemerkte er etwas, das einem Hause glich. Da gab es steinerne Sitze und Ruhelager, Tische mit steinernen Schüsseln und Bechern. Er hüpfte zurück auf den Brückenbogen und entdeckte auf der Klippe in großen eckigen Buchstaben die Inschrift: »Diese Höhle des Wasservorhangs im gesegneten Lande des Berges der Blumen und Früchte führt zum Himmel.« Monkey war außer sich vor Freude. Er eilte zurück, duckte sich abermals, schloß die Augen und sprang durch den Wasservorhang. + +»So ein Glück«, rief er, »so ein Glück!« »Wie sieht es auf der andern Seite aus?« fragten die Affen sich um ihn drängend. »Ist das Wasser sehr tief?« »Da ist gar kein Wasser«, sagte der Steinerne Affe. »Eine eiserne Brücke ist da, und daneben ein vom Himmel geschenkter Erdenwinkel. Dort sollten wir leben.« »Wie kommst du auf den Gedanken, man könnte dort leben?« fragten die Affen. »Das Wasser«, erklärte der Steinerne Affe, »fließt aus einem Loch im Felsen und füllt den Raum unter der Brücke. Neben ihr gibt es Blumen und Bäume und ein Haus; darinnen sind Tische, Becher, Schüsseln, Ruhelager, Stühle, alles aus Stein. Wir könnten uns dort wirklich recht gemütlich einrichten. Es ist Platz genug für Hunderte und Tausende der Unsrigen, Junge und Alte. Kommt, laßt uns alle dorthin übersiedeln; wir werden bei jedem Wetter herrlich geborgen sein.« »Geh du voran und zeig uns den Weg!« riefen die Affen begeistert. Wiederum schloß Monkey seine Augen und war mit einem Satze drüben. »Vorwärts, kommt alle!« schrie er zurück. Die Kühneren sprangen sogleich; die Zaghafteren streckten die Köpfe vor und zogen sie wieder zurück, kratzten sich in den Ohren, rieben sich die Wangen, und mit einem Mal sprang die ganze Schar unter lautem Aufkreischen nach vorne. Bald darauf bemächtigten sie sich der Schüsseln, rissen die Becher an sich, drängten um den Herd und rauften um die Betten, schleppten Gegenstände herum oder schoben sie hin und her; kurz sie benahmen sich, wie es von der mutwilligen Affen-Natur nicht anders zu erwarten ist; keinen Augenblick gönnten sie sich Ruhe, bis sie zuletzt völlig erschöpft waren. Da setzte Monkey sich auf einen erhöhten Sitz und sagte: »Meine Herren! ›Mit jemandem, dessen Wort man nicht trauen kann, ist nichts anzufangen!‹* Ihr verspracht, wer immer von uns es fertig brächte, unversehrt durch den Wasserfall und zurück zu kommen, sollte euer König sein. Ich bin nicht nur gekommen, gegangen und wiedergekommen, sondern habe euch überdies einen behaglichen Schlafplatz entdeckt und euch in die beneidenswerte Lage versetzt, Hausbesitzer zu sein. Warum verneigt ihr euch nicht vor mir als eurem König?« + +* Analekten des Confucius, II, 22. + +Also an ihr Versprechen erinnert, preßten die Affen die Handflächen zusammen, fielen auf die Knie, nach Alter und Würde in einer Linie ausgerichtet, und riefen, sich beflissen verneigend: »Großer König, auf tausend Jahre!« Danach legte der Steinerne Affe seinen ursprünglichen Namen ab und nannte sich als König ›Schöner König Monkey‹. Er machte verschiedene Affen, Gibbons und Paviane zu seinen Ministern und Beamten. Tagsüber schweiften sie alle auf dem Berg der Blumen und Früchte umher; nachts schliefen sie in der Höhle des Wasservorhangs. Sie lebten in vollkommener Eintracht und Harmonie, ohne sich unter die Vögel oder Tiere zu mischen, in Unabhängigkeit und Glückseligkeit. + +Einige hundert Jahre lang hatte der Affenkönig dieses unbeschwerte Dasein genossen, als ihn während eines Festes, an dem alle Affen teilnahmen, jäh tiefe Traurigkeit befiel und er in Tränen ausbrach. Da reihten sich seine Untertanen vor ihm auf, verneigten sich und sprachen: »Was betrübt Eure Majestät so sehr?« »Augenblicklich«, antwortete der König, »habe ich keinen Grund, unglücklich zu sein. Aber mir ahnt Böses für die Zukunft, und das bekümmert mich.« »Eure Majestät ist sehr schwer zu befriedigen«, sagten die Affen lachend. »Tagtäglich begehen wir fröhliche Feste auf Zauberbergen, in gesegneten Erdenwinkeln, in uralten Grotten und auf heiligen Inseln. Wir sind weder dem Einhorn noch dem Phoenix untertan, noch beugen wir uns den Geboten eines Menschenkönigs. Ist nicht solche Freiheit ein unermeßlicher Segen? Was mag in Eurer Majestät diese trüben Ahnungen erregen?« »Es stimmt«, antwortete Monkey, »daß ich heute an kein Gesetz eines Menschenkönigs gebunden bin, noch Tier oder Vogel zu fürchten habe. Aber die Zeit wird kommen, da ich alt und schwach werde. Yama, der König des Todes, liegt heimlich auf der Lauer, mich zu verderben. Gibt es kein Mittel, das mir erlaubte, statt auf Erden wiedergeboren zu werden, unter den himmlischen Wesen ewig zu leben?« + +Als die Affen das vernahmen, bedeckten sie ihr Gesicht mit den Händen und weinten, denn jeder gedachte seines eigenen Todes. Doch seht! Aus der Schar hüpft ein ganz gewöhnlicher Affenwicht und ruft mit lauter Stimme: »Ist es dies, was Eure Majestät betrübt, so bedeutet es, daß Euer Herz sich der Religion geöffnet hat. Unter allen Geschöpfen gibt es drei Arten, die Yama, dem König des Todes, nicht untertan sind.« »Und weißt du auch, welche?« fragte Monkey. »Buddhas, Unsterbliche und Weise«, antwortete er. »Diese Drei stehen jenseits des sich drehenden Rades, jenseits von Geburt und Zerstörung. Sie sind ewig, wie Himmel und Erde, Hügel und Fluß.« »Wo findet man sie?« fragte Monkey. »Hier auf der Erde«, sagte der Affe, »in uralten Höhlen, zwischen verzauberten Hügeln.« + +Der König war entzückt über diese Nachricht. »Morgen werde ich euch Lebewohl sagen, den Berg hinuntergehen, wie eine Wolke an die Grenzen des Meeres wandern, weit weg ans Ende der Welt, bis ich diese drei Arten von Unsterblichen gefunden habe. Von ihnen will ich lernen, ewige Jugend zu bewahren und dem Verhängnis des Todes zu entrinnen.« Dieser Entschluß war es, der ihn dazu führte, aus dem Netze der Reinkarnation zu springen und endlich sich in den Großen Weisen Monkey, den Himmelsebenbürtigen, zu wandeln. Das Affen-Volk klatschte in die Hände und rief laut: »Herrlich! Herrlich! Morgen werden wir die Hügel nach Früchten und Beeren absuchen und ein großes Abschiedsmahl zu Ehren unseres Königs veranstalten.« + +Am nächsten Tage gingen sie pflichtgemäß und sammelten Pfirsiche und seltene Früchte, Bergkräuter, Gelbsamen, Wurzelknollen, Orchideen, seltsame Pflanzen und Blumen aller Arten, schmückten Steintische und Bänke und stellten wundersame Speisen und Getränke auf. Sie setzten ihren König an den Ehrenplatz, sich selber nach Alter und Rang. Blumen und Früchte brachten sie ihm zum Geschenk, und der Ehrenbecher wanderte von Hand zu Hand. Den ganzen Tag über tranken sie. Am nächsten Morgen in der Frühe erhob sich der König und sagte: »Kinder, schneidet Föhrenholz und baut mir ein Floß; sucht ein großes Bambusrohr als Ruderstange und macht mir ein paar Früchte und dergleichen zurecht. Ich möchte aufbrechen.« + +Ganz allein bestieg er das Floß, stieß kräftig ab und fuhr weiter und weiter, geradeswegs ins Meer hinaus, bis er, von günstigen Winden getrieben, an die Gestade der Südlichen Welt gelangte. Das Schicksal war ihm hold; vom Augenblick an, da er das Floß betreten hatte, wehte tagelang ein heftiger Südost und trug ihn bis zum nordwestlichen Ufer an den Grenzen der Südlichen Welt. Er prüfte das Wasser mit seiner Stange und stellte fest, daß es seicht war; da verließ er das Floß und kletterte an die Küste. Am Strande waren Leute, die fischten, wilde Gänse schossen, Austern schöpften, Salz trockneten. Er lief auf sie zu und begann vor lauter Übermut absonderliche Possen zu treiben. Vor Schreck ließen sie ihre Körbe und Netze fallen und rannten davon, als gälte es ihr Leben. Einen von ihnen, der an seinem Platz blieb, packte Monkey, riß ihm die Kleider vom Leibe und schlüpfte selber hinein. Also ausstaffiert stolzierte er durch Städte und Dörfer, auf Märkten und in Basaren umher und ahmte Sitten und Sprache der Leute nach. Sein Herz aber lechzte einzig danach, die Unsterblichen zu finden und von ihnen das Geheimnis ewiger Jugend zu erfahren. Doch er sah die Kinder der Welt alle von der Sucht nach Gewinn oder Ruhm ergriffen; kein Einziger war unter ihnen, der sich um das Ende, das ihm beschieden sein sollte, gekümmert hätte. So suchte Monkey nach dem Wege zur Unsterblichkeit, doch fand er ihn nicht. + +Während acht oder neun Jahren zog er von Stadt zu Stadt, von Ort zu Ort, bis er eines Tages an den Westlichen Ozean gelangte. Es schien ihm gewiß, daß es jenseits dieses Ozeans Unsterbliche gäbe, und so machte er sich ein Floß wie das früher benutzte. Er trieb hinaus über den Westlichen Ozean, bis er zum Westlichen Erdteil kam, wo er landete. Und als er sich eine Weile umgesehen hatte, bemerkte er einen sehr hohen und schönen Berg mit dichtbewaldetem Fuße. Er fürchtete sich nicht vor Wölfen, Tigern oder Panthern und stieg hinauf bis zum Gipfel. Um sich blickend vernahm er mit einem Male aus der Tiefe der Wälder eine Menschenstimme. Gespannt horchte er. + +Jemand sang ein Lied, und er konnte die Worte unterscheiden: + +Pläne nicht plan’ ich, + +Ränke nicht schmied’ ich; + +Eins sind mir Schande und Ruhm. + +Langsam verlängert + +Einfaches Leben Mir meine Tage. + +Die mir begegnen auf meinem Wege, + +Ein wie der andre, Unsterbliche sind es, + +Die von erhabenen Sitzen gelassen + +Schriften des Gelben Hofes erklären. + + + +Als Monkey diese Worte hörte, wurde er sehr froh. »Es muß also irgendwo hier herum Unsterbliche geben«, überlegte er. Er sprang tief in den Wald hinein und gewahrte, vorsichtig umherspähend, daß der Sänger ein Holzfäller war, der Reisig sammelte. »Ehrwürdiger Unsterblicher«, sagte Monkey vortretend: »Euer Jünger erhebt seine Hände.« Der Holzfäller war so erstaunt, daß er seine Axt fallen ließ. »Ihr irrt Euch«, antwortete er, sich umwendend und den Gruß erwidernd. »Ich bin nur ein elender, hungriger Holzfäller. Wie kommt Ihr darauf, mich ›Unsterblicher‹ anzureden?« »Wenn Ihr kein Unsterblicher seid«, sagte Monkey, »warum habt Ihr geredet, als wäret Ihr einer?« »Was hab’ ich denn geredet?« fragte der Holzfäller, »das so klang, als wäre ich ein Unsterblicher?« »Wie ich an den Waldrand kam«, erklärte Monkey, »hörte ich Euch singen: + +Die mir begegnen auf meinem Wege, + +Ein wie der andre, Unsterbliche sind es, + +Die von erhabenen Sitzen gelassen + +Schriften des Gelben Hofes erklären. + + + +Das sind geheime taoistische Texte. Was könntet Ihr anderes sein als ein Unsterblicher?« »Ich will Euch nicht täuschen«, entgegnete der Holzfäller. »Dies Lied hat mich in der Tat ein Unsterblicher gelehrt, der nicht weit von meiner Hütte wohnt. Er sah, daß ich hart für meinen Lebensunterhalt arbeiten und viel Mühsal ertragen muß; so riet er mir, wenn etwas mich bedrücke, die Worte dieses Liedes vor mich herzusagen. Es würde mich trösten und mir in meinen Schwierigkeiten helfen. Eben jetzt habe ich mich aufgeregt und darum das Lied gesungen. Ich hatte keine Ahnung, daß Ihr mir zuhörtet.« + +»Wenn der Unsterbliche hier in der Nähe wohnt«, sagte Monkey, »wie kommt es, daß du nicht sein Schüler geworden bist? Hättest du nicht von ihm lernen können, niemals alt zu werden?« »Ich habe ein hartes Leben«, antwortete der Holzfäller. »Mit acht oder neun Jahren verlor ich meinen Vater. Ich habe weder Brüder noch Schwestern und muß ganz allein meine verwitwete Mutter unterstützen. Da gab es nichts als schwere Arbeit von früh bis spät. Nun ist meine Mutter alt, und ich getraue mich nicht, sie allein zu lassen. Der Garten ist verwildert, und wir haben weder genug zu essen noch anzuziehen. Das äußerste, was ich leisten kann, ist zwei Bündel Brennholz schneiden, sie zu Markte tragen und mit den paar Münzen, die ich dafür erhalte, einige Handvoll Reis kaufen, den ich selber zubereite und meiner greisen Mutter vorsetze. Ich habe keine Zeit hinzugehen und Magie zu lernen.« »Aus deiner Erzählung«, sagte Monkey, »ersehe ich, daß du ein guter und pflichtgetreuer Sohn bist. Deine Frömmigkeit wird gewiß belohnt werden. Alles, worum ich dich bitte, ist, mir zu zeigen, wo der Unsterbliche wohnt, denn es drängt mich ihn aufzusuchen.« + +»Er wohnt ganz in der Nähe«, sagte der Holzfäller. »Dieser Berg wird der Berg der Heiligen Terrasse genannt, und oben ist die Höhle des Schiefen Mondes und der Drei Sterne. In dieser Höhle lebt ein Unsterblicher, der Patriarch Subodhi. Seinerzeit hatte er unzählige Schüler; gegenwärtig genießen etwa dreißig bis vierzig seinen Unterricht. Du mußt auf diesem Pfad acht oder neun Meilen in südlicher Richtung gehen, dann kommst du zu seiner Wohnung.« »Verehrter Bruder«, bat Monkey, den Holzfäller am Arm packend, »komm mit! Und wenn der Besuch mir von Nutzen ist, will ich nicht vergessen, daß du mir den Weg gezeigt hast.« »Manche Leute sind doch wirklich schwer von Begriff«, knurrte der Holzfäller. »Habe ich dir nicht eben erzählt, weshalb ich nicht fortkann? Was würde aus meiner Arbeit, wenn ich mit dir ginge? Wer würde meiner alten Mutter das Essen geben? Nein, ich muß weiter mein Holz schneiden, und du mußt deinen Weg allein finden.« + +So blieb Monkey nichts anderes übrig als Lebewohl zu sagen. Er verließ den Wald, fand den Pfad, ging etwa sieben oder acht Meilen hügelaufwärts und stieß wahrhaftig auf eine Höhlenwohnung. Die Türe war jedoch verschlossen. Ringsum herrschte Stille; nichts verriet die Gegenwart eines Lebewesens. Den Kopf wendend, erblickte er auf der Spitze des Felsens eine steinerne, etwa dreißig Fuß hohe und acht Fuß breite Tafel mit der in riesigen Buchstaben prangenden Inschrift: ›Höhle des Schiefen Mondes und der Drei Sterne auf dem Berge der Heiligen Terrasse‹. »Die Leute hierzulande«, sagte Monkey, »sind in der Tat sehr zuverlässig. Es gibt also wirklich solch einen Berg und solch eine Höhle!« Er sah sich eine Weile um, getraute sich aber nicht an die Türe zu klopfen. Statt dessen hüpfte er auf eine Föhre und fing an Föhrensamen zu essen und zwischen den Zweigen herumzuspielen. Nach einiger Zeit hörte er jemanden rufen. Die Tür der Höhle ging auf, und ein wunderschöner Elfenjüngling trat heraus, von Erscheinung gänzlich anders als die gewöhnlichen Knaben, die Monkey bisher gesehen hatte. Er rief: »Wer untersteht sich, die Ruhe hier draußen zu stören?« Monkey hüpfte von seinem Baume, trat näher, verneigte sich und sagte: »Schöner Elfenknabe, ich bin ein Schüler, der gekommen ist Unsterblichkeit zu erlernen. Nicht im Traume möchte ich gestört haben.« »Du ein Schüler!« lachte der Knabe. »Freilich«, beteuerte Monkey. »Mein Meister unterrichtet eben«, sagte der Knabe. »Aber ehe er die Aufgabe stellte, hieß er mich an die Türe gehen und nachsehen, ob noch jemand am Unterricht teilzunehmen wünsche. Ich nehme an, er meinte dich.« »Selbstverständlich meinte er mich«, bestätigte Monkey. »So folge mir denn«, sagte der Knabe. Monkey machte sich schön zurecht und betrat, dem Jüngling folgend, die Höhle. Weite Räume taten sich vor ihnen auf. Sie gingen von Gemach zu Gemach, durch luftige Hallen, unzählige Gänge und Zellen, bis sie zu einer Plattform aus grünem Jadestein kamen, auf welcher der Patriarch Subodhi im Kreise von dreißig geringeren Unsterblichen thronte. Monkey fiel vor ihm nieder, schlug seinen Kopf dreimal auf den Boden und flüsterte: »Meister, Meister! Empfangt als Lehrer den ehrerbietigen Gruß Eures Schülers!« »Von wannen kommst du?« fragte der Patriarch. »Nenne mir deine Heimat und deinen Namen; danach erweise mir nochmals die Ehrerbietung.« »Ich komme aus der Höhle des Wasservorhanges«, antwortete Monkey, »auf dem Berge der Blumen und Früchte im Lande Ao-lai.« »Fort mit dir!« schrie der Patriarch. »Ich kenne die Leute dort; es sind Gauner und Schwindler. Es taugt nicht, daß einer von ihnen sich anmaßt, Erleuchtung zu erstreben.« Mehrmals heftig sich verneigend beteuerte Monkey: »Das ist kein Schwindel. Ich sage Euch nichts als die reine Wahrheit.« »Wenn du vorgibst die Wahrheit zu sprechen«, entgegnete der Patriarch, »wie wagst du zu behaupten, daß du von Ao-lai kommst? Zwischen dort und hier liegen zwei Ozeane und der gesamte Südliche Erdteil. Wie bist du hierher gekommen?« »Ich trieb über die Ozeane und durchwanderte die Länder mehr als zehn Jahre«, sagte Monkey, »bis ich endlich hier war.« »Nun gut«, meinte der Patriarch, »wenn du es gemütlich genommen hast, wäre es nicht ganz ausgeschlossen. Doch sage mir, aus welcher Familie stammst du? Wie nennt sie sich?« »Ich bin aus keiner Familie«, erwiderte Monkey, »habe weder Vater noch Mutter.« »Was du nicht sagst!« brummte der Patriarch, »bist du vielleicht auf einem Baume gewachsen?« »Das nicht gerade«, erklärte Monkey. »Ich komme aus einem Stein. Es gab einen verzauberten Felsen auf dem Berg der Blumen und Früchte. Als seine Zeit erfüllt war, barst er, und ich war da.« + +»Wir müssen dir einen Schulnamen geben«, sagte der Patriarch. »Wir haben zwölf Worte, die wir in diesen Namen verwenden, je nach dem Grad des Schülers. Du kommst in den zehnten Grad.« »Welches sind die zwölf Worte?« fragte Monkey. »Sie heißen: Weit, Groß, Weise, Klug, Wahr, Ausgeglichen, Natur, Ozean, Lebhaft, Gewahr, Vollkommen und Erleuchtet. Da du zum zehnten Grad gehörst, muß dein Name das Wort Gewahr enthalten. Wie wäre: Der Leere Gewahr?« »Herrlich«, lachte Monkey. »Von nun an heiße ich Der Leere Gewahr.« + +So wurde dies sein Name in der Religion. + +Und wenn Ihr nicht wißt, ob er, ausgerüstet mit diesem Namen, am Ende Erleuchtung erlangte oder nicht, so hört, was Euch im nächsten Kapitel erzählt wird. + + diff --git a/data/xiyouji-ch1-zh.txt b/data/xiyouji-ch1-zh.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..786687b696b96c32614358f886c85a7f3c4f5028 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/xiyouji-ch1-zh.txt @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +《西游记》 +TXT小说天堂 https://www.xstt5.com，最有文艺气息的文学网站，提供经典的文学名著、武侠小说、言情小说、人文社科类书籍在线阅读，所有TXT电子书手机免费下载阅读，我们提供给您的小说不求最多，但求最经典最完整 + + + +《》目录 第一回　灵根育孕源流出　心性修持大道生 + + 诗曰： + + 混沌未分天地乱，茫茫渺渺无人见。 + + 自从盘古破鸿蒙，开辟从兹清浊辨。 + + 覆载群生仰至仁，发明万物皆成善。 + + 欲知造化会元功，须看西游释厄传。 + + 盖闻天地之数，有十二万九千六百岁为一元。将一元分为十二会，乃子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥之十二支也。每会该一万八百岁。且就一日而论：子时得阳气，而丑则鸡鸣；寅不通光，而卯则日出；辰时食后，而巳则挨排；日午天中，而未则西蹉；申时晡而日落酉；戌黄昏而人定亥。譬于大数，若到戌会之终，则天地昏蒙而万物否矣。再去五千四百岁，交亥会之初，则当黑暗，而两间人物俱无矣，故曰混沌。又五千四百岁，亥会将终，贞下起元，近子之会，而复逐渐开明。邵康节曰：“冬至子之半，天心无改移。一阳初动处，万物未生时。”到此，天始有根。再五千四百岁，正当子会，轻清上腾，有日，有月，有星，有辰。日、月、星、辰，谓之四象。故曰，天开于子。又经五千四百岁，子会将终，近丑之会，而逐渐坚实。易曰：“大哉乾元！至哉坤元！万物资生，乃顺承天。”至此，地始凝结。再五千四百岁，正当丑会，重浊下凝，有水，有火，有山，有石，有土。水、火、山、石、土谓之五形。故曰，地辟于丑。又经五千四百岁，丑会终而寅会之初，发生万物。历曰：“天气下降，地气上升；天地交合，群物皆生。”至此，天清地爽，阴阳交合。再五千四百岁，正当寅会，生人，生兽，生禽，正谓天地人，三才定位。故曰，人生于寅。 + + 感盘古开辟，三皇治世，五帝定伦，世界之间，遂分为四大部洲：曰东胜神洲，曰西牛贺洲，曰南赡部洲，曰北俱芦洲。这部书单表东胜神洲。海外有一国土，名曰傲来国。国近大海，海中有一座山，唤为花果山。此山乃十洲之祖脉，三岛之来龙，自开清浊而立，鸿蒙判后而成。真个好山！有词赋为证。赋曰： + + 势镇汪洋，威宁瑶海。势镇汪洋，潮涌银山鱼入穴；威宁瑶海，波翻雪浪蜃离渊。木火方隅高积上，东海之处耸崇巅。丹崖怪石，削壁奇峰。丹崖上，彩凤双鸣；削壁前，麒麟独卧。峰头时听锦鸡鸣，石窟每观龙出入。林中有寿鹿仙狐，树上有灵禽玄鹤。瑶草奇花不谢，青松翠柏长春。仙桃常结果，修竹每留云。一条涧壑藤萝密，四面原堤草色新。正是百川会处擎天柱，万劫无移大地根。那座山，正当顶上，有一块仙石。其石有三丈六尺五寸高，有二丈四尺围圆。三丈六尺五寸高，按周天三百六十五度；二丈四尺围圆，按政历二十四气。上有九窍八孔，按九宫八卦。四面更无树木遮阴，左右倒有芝兰相衬。盖自开辟以来，每受天真地秀，日精月华，感之既久，遂有灵通之意。内育仙胞，一日迸裂，产一石卵，似圆球样大。因见风，化作一个石猴，五官俱备，四肢皆全。便就学爬学走，拜了四方。目运两道金光，射冲斗府。惊动高天上圣大慈仁者玉皇大天尊玄穹高上帝，驾座金阙云宫灵霄宝店，聚集仙卿，见有金光焰焰，即命千里眼、顺风耳开南天门观看。二将果奉旨出门外，看的真，听的明。须臾回报道：“臣奉旨观听金光之处，乃东胜神洲海东傲来小国之界，有一座花果山，山上有一仙石，石产一卵，见风化一石猴，在那里拜四方，眼运金光，射冲斗府。如今服饵水食，金光将潜息矣。”玉帝垂赐恩慈曰：“下方之物，乃天地精华所生，不足为异。” + + 那猴在山中，却会行走跳跃，食草木，饮涧泉，采山花，觅树果；与狼虫为伴，虎豹为群，獐鹿为友，猕猿为亲；夜宿石崖之下，朝游峰洞之中。真是“山中无甲子，寒尽不知年。”一朝天气炎热，与群猴避暑，都在松阴之下顽耍。你看他一个个： + + 跳树攀枝，采花觅果；抛弹子，邷么儿；跑沙窝，砌宝塔；赶蜻蜓，扑八蜡；参老天，拜菩萨；扯葛藤，编草帓；捉虱子，咬又掐；理毛衣，剔指甲；挨的挨，擦的擦；推的推，压的压；扯的扯，拉的拉，青松林下任他顽，绿水涧边随洗濯。一群猴子耍了一会，却去那山涧中洗澡。见那股涧水奔流，真个似滚瓜涌溅。古云：“禽有禽言，兽有兽语。”众猴都道：“这股水不知是那里的水。我们今日赶闲无事，顺涧边往上溜头寻看源流，耍子去耶！”喊一声，都拖男挈女，呼弟呼兄，一齐跑来，顺涧爬山，直至源流之处，乃是一股瀑布飞泉。但见那： + + 一派白虹起，千寻雪浪飞；海风吹不断，江月照还依。 + + 冷气分青嶂，馀流润翠微；潺湲名瀑布，真似挂帘帷。 + + 众猴拍手称扬道：“好水！好水！原来此处远通山脚之下，直接大海之波。”又道：“那一个有本事的，钻进去寻个源头出来，不伤身体者，我等即拜他为王。”连呼了三声，忽见丛杂中跳出一名石猴，应声高叫道：“我进去！我进去！”好猴！也是他： + + 今日芳名显，时来大运通；有缘居此地，王遣入仙宫。 + + 你看他瞑目蹲身，将身一纵，径跳入瀑布泉中，忽睁睛抬头观看，那里边却无水无波，明明朗朗的一架桥梁。他住了身，定了神，仔细再看，原来是座铁板桥。桥下之水，冲贯于石窍之间，倒挂流出去，遮闭了桥门。却又欠身上桥头，再走再看，却似有人家住处一般，真个好所在。但见那： + + 翠藓堆蓝，白云浮玉，光摇片片烟霞。虚窗静室，滑凳板生花。乳窟龙珠倚挂，萦回满地奇葩。锅灶傍崖存火迹，樽罍靠案见肴渣。石座石床真可爱，石盆石碗更堪夸。又见那一竿两竿修竹，三点五点梅花。 + + 几树青松常带雨，浑然相个人家。 + + 看罢多时，跳过桥中间，左右观看，只见正当中有一石碣。碣上有一行楷书大字，镌着“花果山福地，水帘洞洞天。”石猴喜不自胜，急抽身往外便走，复瞑目蹲身，跳出水外，打了两个呵呵道：“大造化！大造化！”众猴把他围住，问道：“里面怎么样？水有多深？”石猴道：“没水！没水！原来是一座铁板桥。桥那边是一座天造地设的家当。”众猴道：“怎见得是个家当？”石猴笑道：“这股水乃是桥下冲贯石桥，倒挂下来遮闭门户的。桥边有花有树，乃是一座石房。房内有石窝、石灶、石碗、石盆、石床、石凳。中间一块石碣上，镌着‘花果山福地，水帘洞洞天。’真个是我们安身之处。里面且是宽阔，容得千百口老小。我们都进去住也，省得受老天之气。这里边： + + 刮风有处躲，下雨好存身。霜雪全无惧，雷声永不闻。 + + 烟霞常照耀，祥瑞每蒸熏。松竹年年秀，奇花日日新。” + + 众猴听得，个个欢喜，都道：“你还先走，带我们进去，进去！”石猴却又瞑目蹲身，往里一跳，叫道：“都随我进来！进来！”那些猴有胆大的，都跳进去了；胆小的，一个个伸头缩颈，抓耳挠腮，大声叫喊，缠一会，也都进去了。跳过桥头，一个个抢盆夺碗，占灶争床，搬过来，移过去，正是猴性顽劣，再无一个宁时，只搬得力倦神疲方止。石猿端坐上面道：“列位呵，‘人而无信，不知其可。’你们才说有本事进得来，出得去，不伤身体者，就拜他为王。我如今进来又出去，出去又进来，寻了这一个洞天与列位安眠稳睡，各享成家之福，何不拜我为王？”众猴听说，即拱伏无违。一个个序齿排班，朝上礼拜，都称“千岁大王”。自此，石猴高登王位，将“石”字儿隐了，遂称美猴王。有诗为证。诗曰： + + 三阳交泰产群生，仙石胞含日月精。 + + 借卵化猴完大道，假他名姓配丹成。 + + 内观不识因无相，外合明知作有形。 + + 历代人人皆属此，称王称圣任纵横。美猴王领一群猿猴、猕猴、马猴等，分派了君臣佐使，朝游花果山，暮宿水帘洞，合契同情，不入飞鸟之丛，不从走兽之类，独自为王，不胜欢乐。是以： + + 春采百花为饮食，夏寻诸果作生涯。 + + 秋收芋栗延时节，冬觅黄精度岁华。 + + 美猴王享乐天真，何期有三五百载。一日，与群猴喜宴之间，忽然忧恼，堕下泪来。众猴慌忙罗拜道：“大王何为烦恼？”猴王道：“我虽在欢喜之时，却有一点儿远虑，故此烦恼。”众猴又笑道：“大王好不知足！我等日日欢会，在仙山福地，古洞神州，不伏麒麟辖，不伏凤凰管，又不伏人间王位所拘束，自由自在，乃无量之福，为何远虑而忧也？”猴王道：“今日虽不归人王法律，不惧禽兽威服，将来年老血衰，暗中有阎王老子管着，一旦身亡，可不枉生世界之中，不得久住天人之内？”众猴闻此言，一个个掩面悲啼，俱以无常为虑。 + + 只见那班部中，忽跳出一个通背猿猴，厉声高叫道：“大王若是这般远虑，真所谓道心开发也！如今五虫之内，惟有三等名色，不伏阎王老子所管。”猴王道：“你知那三等人？”猿猴道：“乃是佛与仙与神圣三者，躲过轮回，不生不灭，与天地山川齐寿。”猴王道：“此三者居于何所？”猿猴道：“他只在阎浮世界之中，古洞仙山之内。”猴王闻之，满心欢喜，道：“我明日就辞汝等下山，云游海角，远涉天涯，务必访此三者，学一个不老长生，常躲过阎君之难。”噫！这句话，顿教跳出轮回网，致使齐天大圣成。众猴鼓掌称扬，都道：“善哉！善哉！我等明日越岭登山，广寻些果品，大设筵宴送大王也。” + + 次日，众猴果去采仙桃，摘异果，刨山药，□【左“属”右“立刀”】黄精，芝兰香蕙，瑶草奇花，般般件件，整整齐齐，摆开石凳石桌，排列仙酒仙肴。但见那： + + 金丸珠弹，红绽黄肥。金丸珠弹腊樱桃，色真甘美；红绽黄肥熟梅子，味果香酸。鲜龙眼，肉甜皮薄；火荔枝，核小囊红。林檎碧实连枝献，枇杷缃苞带叶擎。兔头梨子鸡心枣，消渴除烦更解酲。香桃烂杏，美甘甘似玉液琼浆；脆李杨梅，酸荫荫如脂酸膏酪。红囊黑子熟西瓜，四瓣黄皮大柿子。石榴裂破，丹砂粒现火晶珠；芋栗剖开，坚硬肉团金玛瑙。胡桃银杏可传茶，椰子葡萄能做酒。榛松榧柰满盘盛，橘蔗柑橙盈案摆。熟煨山药，烂煮黄精，捣碎茯苓并薏苡，石锅微火漫炊羹。人间纵有珍馐味，怎比山猴乐更宁？群猴尊美猴王上坐，各依齿肩排于下边，一个个轮流上前，奉酒，奉花，奉果，痛饮了一日。次日，美猴王早起，教：“小的们，替我折些枯松，编作筏子，取个竹竿作篙，收拾些果品之类，我将去也。”果独自登筏，尽力撑开，飘飘荡荡，径向大海波中，趁天风，来渡南赡部洲地界。这一去，正是那： + + 天产仙猴道行隆，离山驾筏趁天风。 + + 飘洋过海寻仙道，立志潜心建大功。 + + 有分有缘休俗愿，无忧无虑会元龙。 + + 料应必遇知音者，说破源流万法通。也是他运至时来，自登木筏之后，连日东南风紧，将他送到西北岸前，乃是南赡部洲地界。持篙试水，偶得浅水，弃了筏子，跳上岸来，只见海边有人捕鱼、打雁、挖蛤、淘盐。他走近前，弄个把戏，妆个□【上左“齿”右“可”，下“女”】虎，吓得那些人丢筐弃网，四散奔跑。将那跑不动的拿住一个，剥了他衣裳，也学人穿在身上，摇摇摆摆，穿州过府，在市尘中，学人礼，学人话。朝餐夜宿，一心里访问佛仙神圣之道，觅个长生不老之方。见世人都是为名为利之徒，更无一个为身命者。正是那： + + 争名夺利几时休？早起迟眠不自由！ + + 骑着驴骡思骏马，官居宰相望王侯。 + + 只愁衣食耽劳碌，何怕阎君就取勾？ + + 继子荫孙图富贵，更无一个肯回头！ + + 猴王参访仙道，无缘得遇。在于南赡部洲，串长城，游小县，不觉八九年馀。忽行至西洋大海，他想着海外必有神仙。独自个依前作筏，又飘过西海，直至西牛贺洲地界。登岸偏访多时，忽见一座高山秀丽，林麓幽深。他也不怕狼虫，不惧虎豹，登山顶上观看。果是好山： + + 千峰开戟，万仞开屏。日映岚光轻锁翠，雨收黛色冷含青。枯藤缠老树，古渡界幽程。奇花瑞草，修竹乔松。修竹乔松，万载常青欺福地；奇花瑞草，四时不谢赛蓬瀛。幽鸟啼声近，源泉响溜清。重重谷壑芝兰绕，处处巉崖苔藓生。起伏峦头龙脉好，必有高人隐姓名。 + + 正观看间，忽闻得林深之处，有人言语，急忙趋步，穿入林中，侧耳而听，原来是歌唱之声。歌曰： + + “观棋柯烂，伐木丁丁，云边谷口徐行，卖薪沽酒，狂笑自陶情。苍迳秋高，对月枕松根，一觉天明。认旧林，登崖过岭，持斧断枯藤。 + + 收来成一担，行歌市上，易米三升。更无些子争竞，时价平平，不会机谋巧算，没荣辱，恬淡延生。相逢处，非仙即道，静坐讲黄庭。”美猴王听得此言，满心欢喜道：“神仙原来藏在这里！”急忙跳入里面，仔细再看，乃是一个樵子，在那里举斧砍柴。但看他打扮非常： + + 头上戴箬笠，乃是新笋初脱之箨。身上穿布衣，乃是木绵捻就之纱。腰间系环绦，乃是老蚕口吐之丝。足下踏草履，乃是枯莎搓就之爽。手执衠钢斧，担挽火麻绳。扳松劈枯树，争似此樵能！ + + 猴王近前叫道：“老神仙！弟子起手。”那樵汉慌忙丢了斧，转身答礼道：“不当人！不当人！我拙汉衣食不全，怎敢当‘神仙’二字？”猴王道：“你不是神仙，如何说出神仙的话来？”樵夫道：“我说甚么神仙话？”猴王道：“我才来至林边，只听的你说：‘相逢处非仙即道，静坐讲黄庭。’黄庭乃道德真言，非神仙而何？”樵夫笑道：“实不瞒你说，这个词名做满庭芳，乃一神仙教我的。那神仙与我舍下相邻。他见我家事劳苦，日常烦恼，教我遇烦恼时，即把这词儿念念。一则散心，二则解困。我才有些不足处思虑，故此念念。不期被你听了。”猴王道：“你家既与神仙相邻，何不从他修行？学得个不老之方？却不是好？”樵夫道：“我一生命苦，自幼蒙父母养育至八九岁，才知人事，不幸父丧，母亲居孀。再无兄弟姊妹，只我一人，没奈何，早晚侍奉。如今母老，一发不敢抛离。却又田园荒芜，衣食不足，只得斫两束柴薪，挑向市尘之间，货几文钱，籴几升米，自炊自造，安排些茶饭，供养老母，所以不能修行。” + + 猴王道：“据你说起来，乃是一个行孝的君子，向后必有好处。但望你指与我那神仙住处，却好拜访去也。”樵夫道：“不远，不远。此山叫做灵台方寸山。山中有座斜月三星洞。那洞中有一个神仙，称名须菩提祖师。那祖师出去的徒弟，也不计其数，见今还有三四十人从他修行。你顺那条小路儿，向南行七八里远近，即是他家了。”猴王用手扯住樵夫道：“老兄，你便同我去去。若还得了好处，决不忘你指引之恩。”樵夫道：“你这汉子，甚不通变。我方才这般与你说了，你还不省？假若我与你去了，却不误了我的生意？老母何人奉养？我要斫柴，你自去，自去。” + + 猴王听说，只得相辞。出深林，找上路径，过一山坡，约有七八里远，果然望见一座洞府。挺身观看，真好去处！但见： + + 烟霞散彩，日月摇光。千株老柏，万节修篁。千株老柏，带雨半空青冉冉；万节修篁，含烟一壑色苍苍。门外奇花布锦，桥边瑶草喷香。石崖突兀青苔润，悬壁高张翠藓长。时闻仙鹤唳，每见凤凰翔。仙鹤唳时，声振九皋霄汉远；凤凰翔起，翎毛五色彩云光。玄猿白鹿随隐见，金狮玉象任行藏。细观灵福地，真个赛天堂！又见那洞门紧闭，静悄悄杳无人迹。忽回头，见崖头立一石牌，约有三丈馀高、八尺馀阔，上有一行十个大字，乃是“灵台方寸山，斜月三星洞”。美猴王十分欢喜道：“此间人果是朴实。果有此山此洞。”看勾多时，不敢敲门。且去跳上松枝梢头，摘松子吃了顽耍。 + + 少顷间，只听得呀的一声，洞门开处，里面走出一个仙童，真个丰姿英伟，像貌清奇，比寻常俗子不同。但见他： + + 髽髻双丝绾，宽袍两袖风。貌和身自别，心与相俱空。 + + 物外长年客，山中永寿童。一尘全不染，甲子任翻腾。 + + 那童子出得门来，高叫道：“甚么人在此搔扰？”猴王扑的跳下树来，上前躬身道：“仙童，我是个访道学仙之弟子，更不敢在此搔扰。”仙童笑道：“你是个访道的么？”猴王道：“是。”童子道：“我家师父，正才下榻，登坛讲道。还未说出原由，就教我出来开门。说：‘外面有个修行的来了，可去接待接待。’想必就是你了？”猴王笑道：“是我，是我。”童子道：“你跟我进来。” + + 这猴王整衣端肃，随童子径入洞天深处观看：一层层深阁琼楼，一进进珠宫贝阙，说不尽那静室幽居，直至瑶台之下。见那菩提祖师端坐在台上，两边有三十个小仙侍立台下。果然是： + + 大觉金仙没垢姿，西方妙相祖菩提； + + 不生不灭三三行，全气全神万万慈。 + + 空寂自然随变化，真如本性任为之； + + 与天同寿庄严体，历劫明心大法师。 + + 美猴王一见，倒身下拜，磕头不计其数，口中只道：“师父！师父！我弟子志心朝礼！志心朝礼！”祖师道：“你是那方人氏？且说个乡贯姓名明白，再拜。”猴王道：“弟子东胜神洲傲来国花果山水帘洞人氏。”祖师喝令：“赶出去！他本是个撒诈捣虚之徒，那里修甚么道果！”猴王慌忙磕头不住道：“弟子是老实之言，决无虚诈。”祖师道：“你既老实，怎么说东胜神洲？那去处到我这里，隔两重大海，一座南赡部洲，如何就得到此？”猴王叩头道：“弟子飘洋过海，登界游方，有十数个年头，方才访到此处。” + + 祖师道：“既是逐渐行来的也罢。你姓甚么？”猴王又道：“我无性。人若骂我，我也不恼；若打我，我也不嗔，只是陪个礼儿就罢了。一生无性。”祖师道：“不是这个性。你父母原来姓甚么？”猴王道：“我也无父母。”祖师道：“既无父母，想是树上生的？”猴王道：“我虽不是树生，却是石里长的。我只记得花果山上有一块仙石，其年石破，我便生也。”祖师闻言，暗喜道：“这等说，却是天地生成的。你起来走走我看。”猴王纵身跳起，拐呀拐的走了两遍。祖师笑道：“你身躯虽是鄙陋，却像个食松果的猢狲。我与你就身上取个姓氏，意思教你姓‘猢’。猢字去了个兽傍，乃是古月。古者，老也；月者，阴也。老阴不能化育，教你姓‘狲’倒好。狲字去了兽傍，乃是个子系。子者，儿男也；系者，婴细也。正合婴儿之本论。教你姓‘孙’罢。”猴王听说，满心欢喜，朝上叩头道：“好！好！好！今日方知姓也。万望师父慈悲！既然有姓，再乞赐个名字，却好呼唤。”祖师道：“我门中有十二个字，分派起名到你乃第十辈之小徒矣。”猴王道：“那十二个字？”祖师道：“乃广、大、智、慧、真、如、性、海、颖、悟、圆、觉十二字。排到你，正当‘悟’字。与你起个法名叫做‘孙悟空’好么？”猴王笑道：“好！好！好！自今就叫做孙悟空也！”正是：鸿蒙初辟原无姓，打破顽空须悟空。 + + 毕竟不之向后修些甚么道果，且听下回分解。 + + diff --git "a/data/\351\227\256\351\242\2302\346\265\213\350\257\225\346\226\207\344\273\266.txt" "b/data/\351\227\256\351\242\2302\346\265\213\350\257\225\346\226\207\344\273\266.txt" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a31457d487fd9da86b4935e8676eacb67e8fc4ef --- /dev/null +++ "b/data/\351\227\256\351\242\2302\346\265\213\350\257\225\346\226\207\344\273\266.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +薄瓜瓜在薄熙来案开庭前夕再次发表声明 +Bo Guagua’s Statement + +Following is the statement that Bo Guagua released to The New York Times on Monday in English. Mr. Bo’s father, Bo Xilai, a former Chinese Communist Party official, is scheduled to go on trial on Thursday on charges of taking bribes, corruption and abuse of power. +下面是薄瓜瓜在周一《纽约时报》上发表的英文声明。他的父亲、前中国共产党官员薄熙来定于周四出庭受审，面临的指控是受贿、腐败和滥用职权。 +It has been eighteen months since I have been denied contact with either my father or my mother. I can only surmise the conditions of their clandestine detention and the adversity they each endure in solitude. I hope that in my father’s upcoming trial, he is granted the opportunity to answer his critics and defend himself without constraints of any kind. However, if my wellbeing has been bartered for my father’s acquiescence or my mother’s further cooperation, then the verdict will clearly carry no moral weight.  +自从他们切断我与父亲和母亲的联系以来，已经18个月了。我只能猜测他们所受秘密拘禁的条件，以及他们各自忍受的孤独逆境。我希望，在我父亲即将面对的审判中，他能得到机会来回应对他的批评并为自己辩护，不会受到任何形式的约束。然而，如果我父亲的默然顺从或我母亲的进一步合作已经成为我获得平安的条件，判决显然不会具有任何道德分量。 +My mother, who is now silenced and defenseless, cannot respond to the opportunistic detractors that attack her reputation with impunity. She has already overcome unimaginable tribulation after the sudden collapse of her physical health in 2006 and subsequent seclusion. Although it is of little comfort to my anxiety about her state of health, I know that she will continue to absorb all that she is accused of with dignity and quiet magnanimity. +我母亲已被禁言，孤立无援，无法回应投机的诽谤者对她声誉的肆意攻击。2006年，她的健康状况突然恶化，随后深居简出，自那以后，她已经克服了常人难以想象的艰难。我知道她会一如既往，以尊严和沉着气度化解她遭到的一切指控，虽然这并不能丝毫减少我对她健康状况的担忧。 +翻译：林蒙克 \ No newline at end of file diff --git "a/data/\351\227\256\351\242\2303\346\265\213\350\257\225\346\226\207\344\273\266.txt" "b/data/\351\227\256\351\242\2303\346\265\213\350\257\225\346\226\207\344\273\266.txt" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..277d4688f501eaae8e4143de6e9bdc898a9996b3 --- /dev/null +++ "b/data/\351\227\256\351\242\2303\346\265\213\350\257\225\346\226\207\344\273\266.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +马英九接受《纽约时报》专访实录 +Transcript of New York Times Interview With President Ma Ying-jeou of Taiwan + +Following is a transcript, provided by the Taiwanese government, of an interview with President Ma Ying-jeou conducted by The New York Times in Taipei on Friday. Mr. Ma mainly spoke in Chinese, but briefly answered a question in English. +《纽约时报》周五在台北对马英九总统做了采访，马英九主要用中文作答，期间穿插了一些英语，以下是台湾总统府提供的采访实录： +Read the full story here. +阅读文章。 +Q. The first question we wanted to ask is, since we have APEC coming up in a week and a half, what has Beijing lost and what has Taiwan lost by your not meeting with Xi Jinping in Beijing? +问：请问您认为无法在这次的APEC促成“马习会”，北京有什么损失？对台湾有什么影响？ +A: We have always believed that APEC was the most appropriate place for the leaders of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait to meet, as APEC has already settled questions of venue, title, and capacity. Especially in Taiwan, there is great public support, but the mainland has greater misgivings. They fear it may give the outside world the misimpression that there are two Chinas. Yet on many occasions I have stressed that the Republic of China government will not promote a policy of “two Chinas,” “one China, one Taiwan,” or “Taiwan independence.” Our Constitution does not admit of such a thing. The mainland side is a bit overly concerned, so it is a pity that a meeting at APEC cannot take place. +答：我们一直认为APEC是两岸领导人会晤最恰当的地方，不论是场合、头衔、身分，都已经有非常具体的规划，尤其是在台湾，民众的支持度都很高，可是大陆的顾虑比较多，担心会给外界“两个中国”的印象。不过，我们在很多场合都一再说，中华民国政府不会去推动“两个中国”、“一中一台”或“台湾独立”的政策，这是我们宪法所不容许的，他们顾虑多了一点，所以没有办法在APEC见面，确实是很可惜的事情。 +Q. You’ve voiced support for democracy in Hong Kong. Has Beijing’s reaction to the protests in Hong Kong changed your thinking about cross-strait relations, and are you risking cross-strait ties by voicing support for democracy in Hong Kong? +问：您曾表态支持香港民主化，北京有什么反应呢？两岸关系是否会因此萌生风险？ +A: I think our support for Hong Kong’s democracy will not be at the expense of cross-strait relations. Since I took office, as concerns cross-strait ties, we have signed 21 agreements and laid down a basic foundation. We have proceeded upon this foundation — namely the 1992 consensus of “one China, respective interpretations.” That will not be affected. As a matter of fact, every June 4, I release a statement concerning the Tiananmen incident. This time it’s a different venue, but the basic concept is the same. +答：我们支持香港的民主不会以牺牲两岸关系做为代价，从我上任后，两岸到目前为止已经签署21项协议，双方建立了一个基础架构，也就是在“九二共识、一中各表”的基础上往前迈进，不会受到这个（事件）影响。事实上，我每年6月4日时都会发表感言纪念六四事件，这次换了一个场合，但基本理念是一致的。 +Another key point is that we believe that if mainland China can practice democracy in Hong Kong or if mainland China itself can become more democratic, then we can shorten the psychological distance between people from the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. This would be a great step toward creating closer cross-strait ties over the long term. +还有一点很重要的是，我们认为大陆如果能在香港实施民主，或者大陆本身能够更民主化，对于拉近两岸人民心理的距离有非常大的帮助，所以从长远来看，这也是让两岸关系更为紧密的重要一步。 +Q. Xi Jinping seemed to be voicing more support for the “one country, two systems” approach even for Taiwan earlier this week as opposed to the 1992 consensus. Have events in Hong Kong, in your view, made China potentially more eager for a more controlling role in long-term bilateral relations with Taiwan? +问：习近平支持一国两制，并且希望台湾能接受，但这与您先前提过的“九二共识”有所冲突，这次北京对香港的处理方式，是否让您对两​​岸关系的长远发展有不同的看法？ +A: In fact, the mainland’s introduction of the “one country, two systems” policy was back in about 1982, before the 1992 consensus. Beijing introduced the “one country, two systems” model, and when they did so, we told them that Taiwan could not possibly accept it. Public opinion polls have consistently shown that most people oppose it. But many people in Taiwan support the “one China, respective interpretations” formulation, when “China” means “the Republic of China.” For a long period, especially during the eight years preceding my taking office, cross-strait relations were very unstable. Why was this? Because the administration at the time did not accept the 1992 consensus. When I took office, in my inaugural address, I clearly stated our support for the 1992 consensus of “one China, respective interpretations,” as a result of which the two sides quickly resumed negotiations that led to the signing of 21 agreements. So the 1992 consensus remains a key foundation undergirding cross-strait relations. The mainland has not abandoned it. The mainland came out with its “one country, two systems” formula earlier. +答：实际上，大陆提出“一国两制”政策是在1982年左右，“九二共识”是在1992年。他们主张“一国两制”，我们在该主张提出时就告诉他们，台湾没办法接受，而且历次民意调查都显示，反对的人占绝大多数。另外一点，如果“一中各表”的“一中”是“中华民国”的话，在台湾支持的人很多。看看过去这么长一段时间，尤其是我们上任前8年，两岸关系处于一个非常不稳定的状态。为什么呢？因为当时的政府不愿意接受“九二共识”原则。等到我上任后，在就职演说里即清楚表明，我们支持“九二共识、一中各表”，两岸很快就恢复协商，也才有后来签署21项协议的成果。因此，“九二共识”到目前为止还是两岸关系当中非常关键的基础，大陆也没有放弃，他们提出“一国两制”的时间更早。 +Q. Changing subjects to trade. There are two competing visions now for trade in the Pacific. There’s Beijing’s Ftaap — the Free Trade Agreement of the Asia Pacific — and then there’s also the Trans-Pacific Partnership that Washington is suggesting. Which do you think fits Taiwan’s economy better? Which has more appeal for you? +问：目前亚太地区有两个在谈的贸易机制，北京主导的“亚太自由贸易区”（FTAAP），以及美国倡议的《跨太平洋伙伴协定》（TPP），您认为何者对台湾经贸较为有利？哪一个较具吸引力？ +A: Both, we want both (T.P.P. and R.C.E.P.). Both are important to us. The T.P.P. (Trans-Pacific Partnership) includes 12 countries, with whom we enjoy annual two-way trade of $200 billion, or about 35 percent of our total foreign trade. The R.C.E.P. (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership), meanwhile, consists of 16 countries, with whom our foreign trade amounts to $325 billion, or 57 percent of our foreign trade. These two groups share seven members. Together, these groups account for 70 percent of our foreign trade, so their importance to us is self-evident. +答：我们（TPP和RCEP）两个都要，因为两个对我们都重要，TPP有12个国家，与台湾的贸易额一年大概是2千亿美元，占我对外贸易的35%左右；RCEP有16个国家，与台湾的贸易额一年有3,250亿美元，占我对外贸易的57%。这两个团体有7个国家重复，所以合起来算，占我国对外贸易额的7成左右，重要性不言而喻。 +It must be understood that Taiwan is quite behind the rest of Asia in terms of signing free trade agreements (F.T.A.s) and joining in regional economic integration. +在整个亚洲签署自由贸易协定或者参与区域经济整合上，我国的成绩是非常落后的。 +Ascertaining whether a country is making sufficient efforts on these fronts involves looking at what percent of its exports is covered by F.T.A.s. For Singapore, it exceeds 70 percent, meaning that over 70 percent of Singapore’s exports are covered by F.T.A.s, so they are subject to lower-tariff, or even zero-tariff treatment. Sometimes these exports are also free from other, nontariff barriers. But for Taiwan, the figure is 10 percent, or just under 10 percent. As a result, we do not enjoy equal treatment vis-à-vis our competitors, meaning that our products’ market share in other countries will gradually shrink. This is a matter of life and death for us, because 70 percent of our G.D.P. growth is dependent on foreign trade. +要观察一个国家在这方面的努力是否足够，通常是用出口产品被自由贸易协定涵盖的量来比较，例如新加坡已经超过70%，也就是说，该国出口的货品有70%都涵盖在自由贸易协定之下，（这些货品）可能是零关税或是比较低的关税，有时候也没有所谓的非关税障碍。台湾到目前为止只有差不多10%，还差一点到10%，后果就是我们在对外竞争上没办法享受比较平等的待遇，在出口国的市场占有率就会逐渐萎缩，对我们来讲，这是生死攸关的事，因为我国GDP的成长有70%要靠对外贸易。 +Q. Do you have any regrets that Taiwan did not make a bigger effort, then, to be included in the first round of T.P.P.? +问：您是否遗憾台湾无法加入TPP的第一轮谈判呢？ +A: We did our best, but we will not be participating in the first round. Yet the first round has not yet finished, because of the U.S. midterm elections. Multilateral talks will resume next year. +答：我们已经尽了最大的努力，但是在第一回合，并没有机会让台湾参与，事实上，因为美国期中选举的因素，TPP目前也尚未完成，预期如果要恢复多边的谈判，时间点应该是在明年。 +When nations sign free trade agreements, it is primarily for economic reasons. There are, of course, political implications. For the Republic of China, political interference is greater [than that affecting other countries]. We do not enjoy diplomatic ties with our main trading partners. When we want to trade with them, it’s fine, but when we seek an F.T.A., they hesitate for fear that mainland China will oppose it. This is one reason few countries were, in the past, willing to sign F.T.A.s with us. +国家与国家签​​订自由贸易协定，主要仍是经济的考量，当然也不是没有政治的意涵。对中华民国而言，政治的干扰确实较大，因为我们与主要贸易伙伴都没有邦交关系。当我们要跟他们做生意时，他们都会赞成，但是如果要与他们签订自由贸易协定，他们往往会犹豫，因为担心中国大陆会反对，这也是为什么过去与台湾签署自由贸易协定的国家并不多的原因。 +After I took office, we signed the Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (E.C.F.A.) with our largest trading partner, mainland China. Since then, we have signed an investment agreement with Japan, an economic cooperation agreement with New Zealand and an economic partnership agreement with Singapore. We hope to sign similar agreements with our main trading partners in Asia and Europe by simultaneously contacting many countries and negotiating accords with them one by one. +在我上任之后，与第一大贸易伙伴中国大陆签署《两岸经济合作架构协议》（ECFA），其后就有机会与日本签署投资协议、与纽西兰签署经济合作协定，及与新加坡签署经济伙伴协定，将来还希望以“多方接触、逐一洽签”的方式，与亚太、甚至于欧洲的主要贸易伙伴进行类似协议的洽签。 +We realize that this will not be easy, because there will always be politically motivated interference. +当然我们也知道此路途非常困难，永远都会有政治因素从中干扰。 +Q. I’d like to ask about the fishing agreement with Japan surrounding Diaoyu Islands and the waters there. Has that eased tensions, and was that agreement something you discussed with Beijing beforehand? +问：请问签署《台日渔业协议》之前，台湾是否曾与中国大陆进行咨商呢？ +A: Last April 10, we signed the Taiwan-Japan fisheries agreement following about five months of negotiations. But prior to this, we had been in talks for 17 years. So it was in the 17th round of talks that we signed this agreement. Five rounds were held under President Lee Teng-hui, and 10 under President Chen Shui-bian. After I took office, we held the 16th round, but discovered that this manner of negotiating got us nowhere — it was meaningless and a waste of time. So we changed our approaches. +答：去年4月10日，我国与日本签署《台日渔业协议》，历经约五个月的谈判期间，但是在更早之前，我们与日本谈了17年，双方是在第17次的谈判上签署该协议，在李前总统登辉任内谈了5次，在陈前总统水扁任内谈了10次，而我上任后是第16次，但是发现类此谈判没有结果、也没有意义，纯属浪费时间，所以我们就改为其他的方式。 +Coincidentally, the situation concerning the Diaoyutai Islands changed about this time. The result of Japan’s nationalization of the islands aroused opposition among the people of both Taiwan and mainland China. At this time, I proposed the East China Sea Peace Initiative, concerned that should increased tensions lead to regional conflict, this would be extremely detrimental to the engine of global economic growth. It would not only affect Asian nations. I proposed the initiative on August 5, 2012. Japan responded in November, stating that they were willing to talk with us about this issue, and within five months, we had an agreement. In the year before we signed, we had 17 clashes over fishing rights, sometimes leading to standoffs between our nations’ respective coast guards. Since the agreement’s signing, there has been but one, for which there was no standoff and which was resolved quickly. So that’s the political implication. +此时钓鱼台的情势产生变化，因日本将之国有化的结果，激起了海峡两岸人民的反对，所以我提出《东海和平倡议》。因为我们担心紧张情势的升高会带来区域的冲突，将对这个全球经济发展的引擎非常不利，受害的不仅是亚洲国家而已，我是在2012年8月5日提出，而日本方面在11月时即回应愿意与我们商谈此一议题，并在5个月内完成签署该协议。在签署该协议的前一年，双方有17件争议案件，甚至引发双方海巡机关的对峙，但是在签署后降为1件，且没有对峙的情形，争议快速获得解决，此为政治面的意涵。 +Economically, both sides have enjoyed larger catches, especially of high-quality fish like bluefin tuna. This has been beneficial to the fishermen of both sides. So we have achieved both peace and prosperity. We have set sovereignty questions aside, not allowing these to hinder resource development and relevant negotiations. +而在经济面上，双方的渔货量均有增加，尤其是高品质的渔种，例如黑鲔鱼，对双方的渔民均有助益。一方面取得和平，又增加了繁荣。至于主权问题就搁置了，不要让主权问题影响到我们对资源的开发及谈判。 +Q. Do you see any possibility in reaching a similar arrangement with mainland China? +问：台湾是否考虑与中国大陆签署渔业协议？ +A: Fishery issues with mainland China have been raised since I took office, since fishermen from mainland China often come to fish in Taiwan’s waters. Sometimes we escort them back for punishment, and sometimes we fine them. Fines in one year can reach $30 million in New Taiwan currency (approximately $1 million in U.S. currency), so the amount is great. However, the mainland has been reluctant to discuss a fisheries agreement with us because they are worried that if they hold such talks with us, it would involve setting boundary lines and that might lead to misunderstandings by outsiders, such as that the two parties were two countries. So there has not been much progress on this issue so far. But in terms of carrying out protection of fishermen or cracking down on illegal fishing, Taiwan has consistently been very active and we are continuing to do so right up to the present. Thus, we have not yet conducted negotiations on a fisheries agreement with mainland China. +答：我与大陆间的渔业问题，在我上任后曾经提出，因为大陆的渔民经常到台湾的海域捕鱼，我们有时候将他们带回处罚，有时科以罚金，一年罚金甚至可达到3千万新台币，金额蛮多的。但是大陆一直很犹豫，不愿意与我们谈渔业协议，因为他们担心一谈渔业协议就会涉及划界的议题，而谈及划界就易衍生外界的误会，好像双方是两国国家，因此到目前为止，这方面没有很大的进展，但在执行护渔或取缔非法捕鱼上，台湾一直非常积极，到目前为止，都还在执行中，所以我们目前并没有与大陆谈渔业协议。 +However, the thinking in the East China Sea Peace Initiative, which I proposed, is that the three parties — mainland China, Japan, and Taiwan — could split up to conduct three sets of parallel bilateral dialogues: Japan-mainland China, mainland China-Taiwan and Taiwan-Japan, to carry out negotiations on various issues involving marine issues. These could include fisheries development, oil and natural gas exploration and sea rescue cooperation. We have worked with mainland China on sea rescue for years. In addition, there could be other nonconventional security issues, such as marine science research and marine environmental protection. So there is great potential for cooperation. +我所提出《东海和平倡议》的构想有三方面，亦即日本、中国大陆与台湾，可分成三组：日本及大陆、大陆及台湾、台湾及日本，进行各种海洋议题的协商，包括渔业、油气的开发及海上救援等方面。而在海上救援方面，我与大陆已合作多年。另外，尚可包括海洋科学研究、海洋环境保护等其他非传统的安全议题，合作的空间是很大的。 +At present, Japan and mainland China, as well as Taiwan and Japan, have concluded separate fisheries agreements. In addition, we have carried out sea rescue exercises with mainland China for many years. All these developments are positive. Perhaps we can step by step build three bilateral mechanisms; then, if conditions are appropriate, it could perhaps become one trilateral mechanism. +目前日本与大陆、台湾与日本都有渔业协议，而我们与大陆有海上灾害防救演习，并已进行多年，这些都很正面，如此逐步地在这个区域建立三个双边的机制，然后条件合适时，也许变成一个三边的机制。 +Q. Do you expect in the near future to deal with the Philippines on judicial cooperation in the Bashi Strait? And can that be the beginning of a broader cooperation with the Philippines on maritime issues? +问：有关台湾与菲律宾的渔业争议，请问您是否希望透过司法途径处理，例如在巴士海峡划界，以进一步解决与菲律宾的争议呢？ +A: We began discussing that issue with the Philippines last year. In fact, talks are nearing completion. In other words, the two sides shall sign an agreement. However, ahead of the signing, we have reached three points of consensus and are implementing them. The first is that neither party may use force. The second is that before any law enforcement action, the two sides must notify each other. Third, if any personnel are arrested or vessels detained, they shall be released as soon as possible. These three points of consensus are already being carried out by both the Philippines and Taiwan. So, what remains is to sign an agreement pertaining to law enforcement. Signing a fisheries agreement would be very difficult, as it involves constitutional considerations on the Philippine side, so this is still under study. +答：实际上我们从去年就开始与菲律宾谈这个问题，目前已接近成熟阶段，换言之，双方应会签署一个协议，不过在签署此协议之前，双方已达成三项共识并已开始执行，即：一、双方都不可以使用武力；二、双方在执法前须相互通​​报；三、如有逮捕人员或扣押船只，应尽快释放。这三项共识，菲方及我方都已开始执行，剩下的就是签一个执法的协议。至于渔业协议则非常不容易，因为涉及菲国宪法等，所以目前还在研究中。 +Both parties reached consensus on these points last year, although we have yet to sign an agreement; nevertheless, only one point of contention remains. The closest distance between the Philippines and Taiwan is less than 200 nautical miles. If both sides were to demarcate their respective E.E.Z.s (exclusive economic zone), there would be an overlap of over 100 nautical miles. Under such conditions, this sort of a law enforcement agreement will help reduce causes of dispute. However, looking at the long term, attaining a fisheries agreement will require much more time and effort. +去年双方达成共识后，虽然到今年还未签署协议，但受争议的案件只剩下一件。因为菲律宾最靠近台湾的领土之处，距台湾不到200海里，所以如果双方都划出自己的专属经济区一定会重叠，而且重叠会超过100海哩，在这种情况下，执法协议将有助于减少争端。但长远来看，若要达成渔业协议，恐怕还需要更长时间与更多努力。 +In 1898, the United States fought a war with Spain over the Philippines. After the U.S. won, the Treaty of Peace Between the United States and Spain ceded sovereignty over the Philippines to the U.S. However, since there are more than 7,000 Philippine islands, it was difficult to clearly demarcate the area. So they just used latitude and longitude to roughly demarcate this area. However, after the Philippines gained independence in 1946, it regarded all of the area within the latitude and longitude coordinates as its offshore waters. Some of the islands within this area are more than 100 nautical miles from the boundary lines. Under such conditions, it is easy for our fishing vessels to inadvertently enter what the Philippines sees as its territorial waters. Since this is stipulated by the constitution of the Philippines, it is difficult for them to deal with this issue. Before these issues are resolved, it will be difficult to sign a fisheries agreement. +1898年，美国与西班牙为菲律宾发生战争，美国战胜后，（双方）签署《美西和约》，西班牙将菲律宾割让给美国，但在划界时，因菲律宾有七千多个岛屿，无法很清楚地划出来，所以用经纬度来划范围。但菲律宾于1946年独立后，就将此经纬度内的区域都视为是他们的领海，其中有的经纬度距岛屿还超过100海里，在这种情况下，我方渔船很容易进入他们的领海，因为这是菲国宪法的规定，使得他们在处理上也很麻烦，在这些问题解决之前，双方要签订渔业协议确实有其困难。菲律宾也常抱怨我国渔民越界捕鱼，进入他们的领海或专属经济区，所以在达成共识后，我们也一再告诫渔民，如果合法作业，我们一定保障，但如果进入菲律宾领海，就​​不可能保障他们，因为我们的护渔政策是“护渔不护短”。 +The Philippines often complains that our fishermen transgress their borders to fish, entering their territorial waters or E.E.Z. So, after we reached consensus, we have repeatedly told our fishermen that if they operate legally, we will protect them. However, if they enter the territorial waters of the Philippines, we cannot do so. Thus, our policy for the protection of fishermen is to “protect fishing, not wrongdoing.” +问：台湾与菲律宾达成执法共识、与日本签署渔业协议来降低区域紧张趋势，台湾是否想要在南海扮演更重要的角色呢？例如进一步与菲律宾、马拉西亚及越南讨论类似协议？ +Q. Given that the consensus with the Philippines and the agreement with Japan seem to be reducing tensions in those directions, do you want Taiwan to play a greater role in the South China Sea, particularly with regard to the Philippines’ claims, but also even Malaysia and Vietnam, and particularly given that the Republic of China and the People’s Republic of China have the same historical antecedents for their respective claims? +答：我们参与区域和平的努力都遭遇同样的困难，一方面台湾与这些国家没有正式的外交关系，双方的接触都会引起中共的关切。第二，中共并不希望我们在南海的国际场合出现，这也使得我们要扮演一个积极的角色会出现困难，但实际上中华民国是一个爱好和平的国家，至少到目前为止，南海最大的岛屿还是由我们驻守，中华民国在1947年就宣布了南海诸岛的位置图，我们的主张也非常清楚，所以还是会争取参与南海在这方面的讨论，希望能扮演区域和平促进者的角色，因为最起码各国都应支持自由航行与飞越，以及以和平方式解决争端。我们认为《东海和平倡议》适用的区域虽然是在东海，但一些基本原则是可以适用于南海的。我所说的这些观念，在《东海和平倡议》中最重要的，就是将主权与资源开发问题区隔开来。 +A: Our efforts to take part in regional peace initiatives have all encountered the same difficulty. On the one hand, Taiwan does not have formal diplomatic relations with these countries, so contact between the two sides elicits concerns from mainland China. Second, Beijing hopes we will not be involved in international situations such as South China Sea controversies. This has led us to encounter difficulties in playing an active role. However, in fact, the Republic of China is a peace-loving nation, and up to the present, we have troops stationed on the largest island in the South China Sea. In 1947, the Republic of China published a map of its territories in the South China Sea, so our claim is very clear. Therefore, we continue to seek participation in discussions involving the South China Sea, in hope of acting as a facilitator of peace, since, at the least, all countries should be able to support freedom of navigation, freedom of overflight and the use of peaceful means to resolve disputes. We feel that although the East China Peace Initiative applies to the East China Sea area, many of its basic principles also can be applied to the South China Sea. The most important of these concepts in the East China Sea Peace Initiative that I’ve mentioned is that sovereignty and resource development issues can be decoupled. +在海洋法上有一个很基本的原则，就是“陆地支配海洋”。因此海域的主张都是从陆地开始，不过尽管在逻辑上是如此，但在争端的解决上，并不是不能先解决资源开发的问题，如果我们回头想想，“主权不能分割，但资源可以分享”。实际上在世界许多地区，也都有类似的发展，包括欧洲的北海，在1960、1970年代本来也有海域的争执，但当他们知道再争下去也不会有结果后改为合作，共同开发资源，使得国际石油市场出现重要品牌——“布兰特原油”。 +There is a basic principle in the Law of the Sea, that land dominates the sea. Thus marine claims begin with land; however, even if it is logically this way, when resolving disputes, it is not impossible to first resolve resource development issues. If we think back to the past, sovereignty is indivisible, but resources can be shared. In fact, in many areas of the world there is already a similar kind of development, including Europe’s North Sea, which in the 1960s and 1970s was an area of dispute, but once they realized that continuing to dispute would never produce results, they changed to cooperation. Joint development of resources resulted in the emergence of an important brand on the international oil market, Brent Crude. +在东海，实际上我们也是循着这样的逻辑。与日本签署渔业协议，并没有放弃我们对主权的主张，我们认为钓鱼台是中华民国的领土、台湾的属岛，这样的立场从来没有改变。但我们在《台日渔业协议》第四条做了一个规定，就是双方在这个协议之下所采取的行动或措施，不影响我们在海洋法上的权益。用这种方式将此问题暂时搁置下来，如此一来问题就变小了，而不是变大，这样解决之后，将来如果还有机会，我们还是可以探讨有关主权的问题，否则也可以探讨其他资源的开发，像刚才提到的油气或其他新发现的资源。南海问题如果能从这个角度切入，也许可以找到一些解决问题的方案。 +In the East China Sea, we are in fact following this kind of logic. When we signed the fisheries agreement with Japan, we did not abandon our sovereignty claim. We regard the Diaoyutais as territory of the Republic of China, and offshore islands appertaining to Taiwan. This stance has never changed. However, in the fourth article of the Taiwan-Japan fisheries agreement, it says that the actions or measures adopted by both parties under this agreement do not affect our rights and interests under the Law of the Sea. By using this approach to shelve our disputes temporarily, the problem became smaller, not larger. Following this sort of resolution, in the future, if there is the opportunity, we can still explore issues pertaining to sovereignty; otherwise, we can explore other issues of resource development, such as oil and gas, or other newly discovered resources that I just mentioned. If the South China Sea issues can be approached from this angle, perhaps solutions can be found to some of them. +问：台湾已经表达希望能够自制潜舰（潜水艇），是否还是依赖美国提供技术呢？ +Q. Taiwan has expressed interest in developing its own submarines. How important is that to Taiwan? And if you go ahead with developing your own submarines, would you rely on technology from the U.S. and do you expect to get that? +答：事实上，我们在2001年之前就向美国提出采购柴电潜舰的清单，美方也在当年同意了，但是因为美国从1950年代以后已经不再发展柴电潜舰，建造的都是核电（潜舰），美国已经没办法提供类似成品，但是要找到其他国家（采购）也不是很容易，所以时间耽误了很久。我们现有的四艘潜舰已经过于老旧，例如1970年代引进的茄比级潜舰，已经将近70岁了，非常需要替换。我们会走“潜舰国造”的路线，当然必须要引进外来技术才有可能（发展）。 +A: As a matter of fact, before 2001, we presented a procurement list for diesel-powered submarines to the U.S. In the same year, the U.S. approved our proposal, but because it had stopped developing diesel-powered submarines in the 1950s and now manufactures only nuclear-powered ones, it was unable to supply us with the items we wanted. It has also been difficult to purchase them from other countries. This has led to a long delay. The four submarines we have are old and outdated; for example, the Guppy-class submarines we purchased in the 1970s have been in service for almost 70 years. These need to be replaced. We will continue with our indigenous submarine program; of course, we will need to rely on technologies from other countries. +问：是否已经对美国提出正式要求呢？ +Q. Where does that stand? I understand that you have formal requests to the United States. Have you received any reply on obtaining submarine technology that would allow you to build subs in your own shipyards? +答：我们现在还在跟美国讨论这个问题。我们自己的造舰技术，包括炮艇、巡防舰乃至于4千到5千吨的船舰我们都可以造，但是潜舰需要的技术不一样，我们会继续跟美方讨论在技术上要如何合作。 +A: We are still discussing this issue with the United States. With our current shipbuilding technology, we can build gunships, frigates and even 4,000- to 5,000-ton vessels. But the technology needed for building submarines is different. We will continue to discuss how we could engage the U.S. in technological cooperation. +问：目前台湾已经向美国正式提出技术支援的请求吗？ +Q. Is there a formal recent request you made? I have heard different versions on this, a formal recent request for submarine technology that you would build into vessels that would actually be assembled in Taiwanese shipyards. Or was it not an actual recent formal request for a specific technology that would allow you to do this at all? +答：我想提出正式要求应该是最后一步，应该是在确认技术可以移转的情况下才会提出来，这主要是一个形式，最重要的是能够找到关键的潜舰制造技术，这方面我们也会继续努力，一旦有成果就会提出，但是美方在2001年已经同意。 +A: Making a formal request should be the last step. It should be made only after we have confirmed that the technology can be transferred. That would mainly be a formality. The most important thing is whether we can obtain the key submarine technology. We will continue to work on this, and once we succeed, we will make a request. However, the U.S. already gave its approval in 2001. +问：美国与欧盟的企业如果在中国大陆违反《反垄断法》，通常会受到处分，但相较之下对台湾企业似乎比较宽松？ +Q. Taiwanese companies have conspicuously not been punished in recent months as China has confronted multinationals from the United States, Europe and Japan, accusing them of offenses like breaking antimonopoly laws. Is this because Taiwan has an understanding with China that they are not going after your companies, that you are somehow exempt from the economic nationalism because they see you as part of China? Why is it that Taiwanese companies seem to have this exemption from the current crackdown on foreign companies, more broadly, in China? +答：台湾跟中国大陆都是世界贸易组织的成员，享有一样的权利义务，我们没有因为距离大陆比较近，或者因为语言一样，就享受到特殊优待，就我所知是没有。 +A: Taiwan and mainland China are both members of the World Trade Organization. We enjoy the same rights and obligations. We do not receive special privileges because we are closer geographically or speak the same language. We don’t as far as I know. +您刚刚提到有关反垄断的法律，是不是因为台商的规模没有这么大，所以违反这些法律的机会不大，这我并不是很清楚。 +You just mentioned antimonopoly laws. Could it be because Taiwan’s businesses are not so large and therefore are less likely to violate these laws? I am not sure about that. +问：您有考量以任何方式因应美国猪肉进口的议题吗？ +Q. Do you foresee a way to address the pork issue with the United States such that you can get a bilateral investment agreement done with the United States before you leave office? +答：我们实际上已经跟美方恢复了TIFA协商，这是双方在1994年签订的一个协议。关于猪肉问题，因为两年前国内讨论开放美国牛肉时，美国在台协会明白地告诉我们，牛肉跟猪肉可以分开处理，所以我们当初对国人说明时，第一个原则就是“牛猪分离”。因为牛肉在台湾被食用的机会远远低于猪肉，台湾猪肉消费量很大，尤其是吃猪的内脏，倘有任何莱克多巴胺，留在内脏的残留量会比较高，我们对这方面会比较忧虑，因此到目前为止并没有同意猪肉含有莱克多巴胺。 +A: We have resumed negotiations with the United States under the Trade and Investment Framework Agreement signed in 1994. Regarding the pork issue, when we were discussing opening up the market to U.S. beef two years ago, the American Institute in Taiwan told us clearly that beef and pork imports could be discussed separately. When we first communicated this to our people, the first principle we observed was that the importation of beef and pork would be considered separate issues. Taiwan consumes a far lower amount of beef than pork. Our pork consumption is very high, especially of offal. The use of ractopamine results in higher residual levels in internal organs. We are more concerned about this. This is why we have not agreed to allow pork imports containing ractopamine. +至于牛肉，在与美方多次协调后，MRL（谨注，全称为Maximum Residue Limit，指肉品残留莱克多巴胺的容许量）在10个pbb以内，我们允许进口，现在这个问题已解决。美方两年前曾经告诉我们牛肉猪肉可以分开，我们也用这个原则处理，因此这个问题双方还需要好好谈一谈。 +With regards to beef, after many rounds of negotiations with the U.S., we now permit the import of beef with a maximum residue limit of 10 pbb. This problem has now been resolved. The U.S. said two years ago that beef and pork imports could be discussed separately, and we have proceeded accordingly. Therefore, the two sides will need to conduct further discussions on this issue. +第二，美国猪肉对中华民国所占的出口比例非常小，我们现在实际上开放美国猪肉进口，唯一差别是对于含有莱克多巴胺的肉类不允许进口。而美国出口的猪肉，无论是到俄罗斯、欧盟或中国大陆，都没有含莱克多巴胺。台湾进口美国猪肉量非常少，远远低于俄罗斯、欧盟或中国大陆，看不出来为什么不能让我们进口的猪肉没有莱克多巴胺？我们觉得这不是一个很大的议题，不应该因为这个议题，而阻挡在其他许多议题上的协商，尤其是两国有关双边投资协定的协商，如果是这样，就非常可惜，因为（猪肉进口）的量占得非常少。现在我们听到的口号是No Pork, No Talk，我觉得这不是一个很有智慧的说法。 +Second, pork accounts for a very small proportion of U.S. exports to the R.O.C. We have opened our market to U.S. pork. The only restriction is that pork containing ractopamine is not allowed. U.S. pork exports, whether to Russia, the European Union, or mainland China, do not contain ractopamine. Taiwan imports a very small volume of U.S. pork, far less than Russia, the E.U., or mainland China. We see no reason why pork exported to Taiwan cannot be ractopamine-free. We do not think that this is a big issue. It should not impede our negotiations with the U.S. on a number of other issues, especially a bilateral investment agreement. Otherwise it would be a shame because U.S. exports very little pork to Taiwan. I do not think that the slogan we now hear — no pork, no talks — is very wise. +问：中国大陆已经超​​越美国成为台湾第一大贸易伙伴，您是否会担心因为经济过度依赖中国，使台湾失去政治与安全的弹性？ +Q. Do you have any concern that Taiwan’s ever-growing economic ties to the mainland, and now that mainland China has passed the United States as the biggest trading partner of Taiwan, mean that Taiwan is losing its political and security flexibility, that it is becoming too dependent on China economically? +答：最近一段时间确实有人在讨论台湾对中国大陆的经济是否过度依赖，首先，我们要检讨什么是“依赖”，什么是“过度依赖”。例如2000年时台湾对大陆（包括香港）的出口占整体出口的24%，在2008年我执政前，台湾对大陆的出口已成长为40%，大家都认为2008年到现在，台湾对大陆的出口还会持续增加，但是刚好相反，从去年到今年9月，台湾对大陆出口约占39%，相较2008年时，不但没有增加，反而减少。其中重要的原因之一是我们分散了出口市场，例如我们与东协的贸易占整体出口的（比例），从12%成长到15%，现在已经达到19%，可说是一直都是往上成长的趋势。 +A: Some people have indeed been discussing recently whether Taiwan is too dependent on the mainland Chinese economy. We must first examine what dependence and over-dependence mean. For example, in 2000, mainland China (including Hong Kong) accounted for 24 percent of Taiwan’s total exports. Before I took office in 2008, our exports to the mainland had risen to a 40-percent share. People thought that this figure would continue to increase. But the reverse has happened. From last year to September of this year, 39 percent of Taiwan’s exports were shipped to mainland China. The figure did not increase but instead decreased. An important reason is that we have diversified our export markets. For example, our exports to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations grew from a 12-percent to 15-percent share, and have now reached 19 percent. This shows a consistently upward trend. +实际上，中国大陆周边的23个国家当中，有17个都以它做为第一大贸易伙伴，双边的贸易额都非常高，因为大陆现在是全球第二大经济体及第一大出口国。我们可以看美国与加拿大及墨西哥的关系，他们有“北美自由贸易区”，墨西哥与加拿大对美国的出口占（整体）出口（量）的75%，美国出口到加拿大及墨西哥则各占两国进口（量）的50%，因此双边整体贸易的依存度是65%，远高于两岸间的贸易。有人会说美国与加拿大及墨西哥的关系与两岸关系不同，政治关系确实不一样，不过在经济的领域上，双方距离相近、同文同种，关系非常密切，贸易量多是无可避免的。我们与中国大陆的贸易量如果只占整体的10%，与美国的贸易量却占50%，这在经济（的领域）上（几乎）是不可能发生的。但是以前曾经发生过，我记得我刚从美国回来的时候，大约是1981至1988年，我们对美国的出口占整体出口的一半，超过五成，后来我们与大陆及其他国家（的贸易）慢慢平衡起来，所以这是会变化的，以目前的程度来看，尚未到过度依赖的地步。我们对大陆的贸易量确实一直在增加，但比例反而降低，以目前的情况而言，值得注意但不必过度紧张。 +Mainland China is the largest trading partner of 17 of its 23 neighboring countries. Their bilateral trade values are extremely high because mainland China is the world’s second largest economy and largest exporter. We can take a look at U.S. relations with Canada and Mexico. The three countries have formed a North American free trade area. About 75 percent of Mexican and Canadian exports are destined for the U.S., while the U.S. supplies about 50 percent of their respective total imports. Therefore, their bilateral trade dependence is 65 percent, which is far higher than that in cross-strait trade. Some people might say that U.S. relations with Canada and Mexico are different from cross-strait ties. Their political relations are certainly different. Economically, however, the countries are located in close proximity, share similar cultures and ethnic backgrounds, as well as close relations. That they would have a large trade volume is inevitable. If mainland China were to account for only 10 percent of our total trade and the U.S., 50 percent, it would be [almost] impossible economically. However, this happened before. I remember when I had just returned from the U.S., around 1981 to 1988, half or more than half of Taiwan’s exports were destined for the U.S. Our trade with mainland China and other countries gradually became more balanced. Things change. Judging from the present situation, we have not yet become over-dependent on mainland China. Our trade with the mainland has indeed continued to increase, but its share of total trade has decreased. The present situation warrants our attention but does not call for excessive anxiety. +问：您支持香港的民主化，今年初台湾曾发生学运，许多人指出两者有些相同与相异之处，主要都是受到中国大陆的影响，你也曾批评过台湾的抗议学生，请问您觉得两者有什么异同之处呢？ +Q. Going back to your support for democracy in Hong Kong, Taiwan had protests earlier this year. Many people pointed out similarities between the two. While the details are different, the fundamental issue concerns the influence of China. But you were also critical of the protests here. Do you see any contradiction in your standpoint, or do you see any similarities or differences between the two protest movements? +答：您刚问说我对台湾学运与香港学运的看法是否矛盾，完全没有，因为我支持民主、反对暴力。台湾与香港的学运有两个地方相同，也有两个地方不同，相同之处在于双方都是以学生为主，而且学生都有极高的热诚，但是双方的目的不一样，在香港是争取普选，换句话说是争取民主，在台湾是反对政府的大陆政策，所以是反对一项公共政策，因为香港要争取的民主，台湾都已经有了。第二个不同在于政府当局的反应不同，我们是一个民主国家，所以对民众提出的诉求都会研究并且回应，例如学生在第一天提出的诉求是希望服贸协议必须逐条审查、逐条表决，实际上服贸协议还在立法院，并没有通过，而两天后国民党团就说这本来就是两党的协议，没有问题，我们可以接受。 +A: You asked whether there is any contradiction in my standpoint on the Hong Kong and Taiwan protests — there is absolutely no contradiction, as I support democracy, but oppose violence. With regard to the student movements in Hong Kong and Taiwan, there are two similarities and two differences. As for similarities, the two movements were both dominated by students, who demonstrated great enthusiasm. However, the goals of the two movements are different. In Hong Kong, the aim is universal suffrage, in other words, demanding democracy. In Taiwan, the movement opposed our mainland China policy, objecting to a public policy. Democracy, which people in Hong Kong are pursuing, already exists in Taiwan. The second difference is the reaction of the authorities. We are a democratic nation, and concerns raised by the public will be examined and responded to. For example, on the first day of the protests here, students demanded that the Cross-Strait Trade in Services Agreement be reviewed and voted on article by article. In fact, the agreement at that time was still before the Legislative Yuan and had not yet been passed. Two days later, the Kuomintang (KMT) party caucus said that it would accept this demand, as this was already the consensus of the two major parties. +学生看到他们提出的第一个诉求被接受以后，又提出第二个诉求，要求制订《两岸协议监督条例》。实际上在他们提出（诉求）的一个月前，立法院国民党团就已经与行政院达成四阶段监督程序。行政院在4月3日，学运尚未结束前，就已经通过监督条例草案，并送到立法院，但迄今已经过了6个多月，都还没处理。 +After seeing that their first demand had been accepted, they made a second. They called for the establishment of an oversight act for agreements between Taiwan and mainland China. A month prior to this, the KMT party caucus in the Legislative Yuan had reached consensus with the Executive Yuan on creating a four-stage oversight mechanism. On April 3, before the protest movement ended, the Executive Yuan approved a draft of such an act and sent it to the Legislative Yuan. Today, more than six months later, the draft still has not gotten through the legislature. +另外一方面，学生要求与政府对话。行政院江院长在3月22日从行政院走到立法院，走进群众当中要跟抗议群众对话，但是学生说“你先要同意将服贸协议退回，我们才对话”。就我记忆所及，这是中华民国第一次（有）最高行政首长走到群众当中讨论他们的诉求，这是非常不容易的，但他居然被拒绝了，只好走回行政院去。学生要求与官员对话，官员来了却被拒绝。 +Meanwhile, the students called for dialogue with the government. On March 22, Premier Jiang walked from the Executive Yuan to the Legislative Yuan, and went among the crowd gathered there for a discussion. But the students said that the trade in services agreement should first be withdrawn before they would engage in dialogue. As far as I know, this was the first time that the highest-ranking official of the executive branch of the R.O.C. government went into a group of protesters to discuss their demands — it was really quite something. However, he was rejected, and walked back to the Executive Yuan. Even though the students requested dialogue with government officials, when a government official came to talk with them, he was turned away. +后来我在第二天召开记者会说明政府立场，而后在3月25日，我提出愿意与学生在总统府就他们的诉求交换意见，而且全程公开，电视台可以全程转播。后来我一共提出7次提议，他们提出许多反对理由不跟我见面，包括如果要见面，我不可以在立法院要求国民党团执行党纪，他们甚至建议不在总统府，应该在凯达格兰大道的路中间开会。我不晓得其他国家情形如何，但是一国总统提出7次欢迎学生与总统对话的提议，都被拒绝，我想我们已经做到“有回应的政府（responsive government）”地步了。 +The next day, I held a press conference explaining the government’s position. On March 25, I came out and said that I was willing to exchange views with students at the office of the president. Such a meeting would be public and could have been broadcast on television. In total, I issued an invitation for dialogue seven times, but each time, the students put forward reasons for not wanting to meet with me. For example, if we were to meet, they said, I could not request that the KMT party caucus in the Legislative Yuan exercise party discipline. They also said that a meeting should not be held in the office of the president, but on Kaitakelan Boulevard. I wonder how things are in other countries, but I, as president, extended seven invitations to speak with students, and though these were all rejected, I believe we did our part as a responsive government. +实际上我们也做到他们绝大部分的要求，除了退回服贸协议、重新协商这一项以外，这（一项）我们做不到，在国际上也不能这样。（如果）我们这样做，会被国际社会认为是一个不可靠的贸易伙伴，会影响到未来我们跟其他国家签订类似协议。所以我刚刚讲到两点：一个是目标不同，一个是政府处理态度不同，学生基本上反对我们的大陆政策，但实际上我们的大陆政策受到绝大多数民众赞成。他们（抗议民众）觉得服贸协议是“黑箱”（black box），实际上服贸协议在进入立法院（审查）之前，过程是中华民国行宪以来最透明的一个法案。 +In fact, we met most of their demands, except for withdrawing the trade in services agreement and renegotiating it. We could not have agreed to that demand. Doing so would be unacceptable in the international arena. If we had done so, the international community would regard us as an unreliable trade partner, which would then affect our ability to sign similar agreements with other countries. So I have mentioned two differences, which are the goals of the protests as well as the responses of the respective governments. The students fundamentally disagree with our mainland China policy. In fact, our mainland China policy has had the support of a large majority of our people. They [the protesters] believe that the trade in services agreement is a black box accord, but in fact, before being sent to the Legislative Yuan for deliberation, it was handled with the highest degree of transparency since constitutional rule was instituted in the R.O.C. +在去年6月21日双方签订（服贸协议）之前，经济部已经与46种服务业、264位代表进行110场咨商，并都留有纪录。送到立法院前，三次向立法院委员会做正式报告，送到立法院之后，经济部另外举办了140多场大规模座谈，有7千9百多人参加。今年三月份（服贸协议）进入委员会审查之前，又办了20场公听会。中华民国立法院成立以来，没有任何一个议案用这么长时间进行这么多讨论，但还被认为是黑箱作业，现在已经进入立法院，又办了这么多场公听会，怎么还会不透明呢？关键是，他们（在野党）似乎不希望（立法院）审查这个法案，他们想要阻挡。 +Before the agreement was signed by the two sides on June 21 of last year, the Ministry of Economic Affairs (M.O.E.A.) held 110 rounds of consultations with 264 representatives from 46 service-economy sectors. For each of these there is a record. In addition, before the agreement was sent to the Legislative Yuan, three formal reports were made to relevant committees of the Legislative Yuan. After it was sent to the Legislative Yuan, the M.O.E.A. held more than 140 large-scale seminars, which were attended by more than 7,900 people. In March of this year, before the legislative review had started, 20 public hearings were held. Since the R.O.C. Legislative Yuan was established, no bill has been afforded this much time or deliberation. Nevertheless, it still is regarded as a black box process. With the agreement having already entered the Legislative Yuan, and with so many public hearings having been organized, how can it still be regarded as not transparent? The key point is that they [the opposition] do not want this bill to be reviewed [by the Legislative Yuan]. They want to block it from moving forward. +在西方民主国家，反对党要阻挡一个议案，通常会采取的方式为Filibuster（冗长发言），从事Filibuster的议员要有不间断持续讲十几个小时的能力，否则无法达成阻挡一个议案的目的，我看到的实例中最长达23个小时。但是在我们的国会中，只要反对党用暴力方式占领主席台，会就开不下去了。从这一届以来，已经有90多次纪录，他们的目的就是不希望我们与中国大陆签服贸协议，这对台湾发展非常不利，因为与我们签署贸易协定的国家很少，对我国竞争很不利，加上中国大陆的服务业基本上没有台湾发达，若可以过去，对台湾服务业的发展是很好的机会。 +In Western democracies, if the opposition wants to block a bill from moving forward, a filibuster is often the tactic used. A lawmaker proposing such a filibuster must speak uninterrupted for more than 10 hours to achieve his goal. I think the longest I have heard of was more than 23 hours. In our legislature, the opposition can simply use violence to occupy the speaker’s podium and stop proceedings. In the current session of the legislature, we have already witnessed more than 90 such instances. They do not want us to sign the trade in services agreement with mainland China. However, this will greatly harm Taiwan’s development. The number of countries that have signed free trade agreements with us is limited, hurting our competitiveness. In addition, the service sector in mainland China is not as developed as ours, and entering the mainland China market would present great opportunities for Taiwan’s service industry. +我国经济学家估计，我国对大陆服务业出口会因为这个（服贸）协议增加37%，大陆到台湾只增加9%，这个协议基本上对台湾要比对大陆更为有利。这也是为什么我们认为服贸协议还是必须通过的原因。今年因为要选举，立法院会期比较短，但是我们希望朝野两党要体认到，台湾目前面对的国际挑战，无论哪一个党执政都需要面对，阻挡的结果只会让台湾在竞争上处于更不利的地位，这也是华尔街日报提出社论《台湾自甘落后》的理由。 +Economists in Taiwan believe that as a result of the trade in services agreement, our service exports to mainland China will grow by 37 percent, while mainland Chinese service exports to Taiwan will only increase by nine percent. The agreement will thus be more beneficial to Taiwan. This is why we believe that the agreement should still be passed. This year we are holding elections, so the current session of the Legislative Yuan is relatively short. However, we hope that both the governing and opposition parties are aware of the international challenges that Taiwan faces. Regardless of which party is in power, these challenges will have to be met. Blocking the agreement will only result in lowering Taiwan’s competitive standing. That is why The Wall Street Journal published an editorial entitled “Taiwan leaves itself behind.” +所以我再度强调，我看香港与台湾的学运，基本上我们“欢迎民主、反对暴力”，任何一个民主国家都无法容忍国会或行政机关被任何人（包括学生）强占，这样的做法不是民主，而是暴力。 diff --git a/docs/Makefile b/docs/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d0c3cbf1020d5c292abdedf27627c6abe25e2293 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +# Minimal makefile for Sphinx documentation +# + +# You can set these variables from the command line, and also +# from the environment for the first two. +SPHINXOPTS ?= +SPHINXBUILD ?= sphinx-build +SOURCEDIR = source +BUILDDIR = build + +# Put it first so that "make" without argument is like "make help". +help: + @$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O) + +.PHONY: help Makefile + +# Catch-all target: route all unknown targets to Sphinx using the new +# "make mode" option. $(O) is meant as a shortcut for $(SPHINXOPTS). +%: Makefile + @$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O) diff --git a/docs/make.bat b/docs/make.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..061f32f91b96f05f8fa2b52b2edcdcc19aa33d50 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/make.bat @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +@ECHO OFF + +pushd %~dp0 + +REM Command file for Sphinx documentation + +if "%SPHINXBUILD%" == "" ( + set SPHINXBUILD=sphinx-build +) +set SOURCEDIR=source +set BUILDDIR=build + +if "%1" == "" goto help + +%SPHINXBUILD% >NUL 2>NUL +if errorlevel 9009 ( + echo. + echo.The 'sphinx-build' command was not found. Make sure you have Sphinx + echo.installed, then set the SPHINXBUILD environment variable to point + echo.to the full path of the 'sphinx-build' executable. Alternatively you + echo.may add the Sphinx directory to PATH. + echo. + echo.If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from + echo.https://www.sphinx-doc.org/ + exit /b 1 +) + +%SPHINXBUILD% -M %1 %SOURCEDIR% %BUILDDIR% %SPHINXOPTS% %O% +goto end + +:help +%SPHINXBUILD% -M help %SOURCEDIR% %BUILDDIR% %SPHINXOPTS% %O% + +:end +popd diff --git a/docs/run-make.bat b/docs/run-make.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dce56bf99cfd30c5ab01cb9667436282579e9adf --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/run-make.bat @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +make clean && make html \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/run-update-readthedocs.bat b/docs/run-update-readthedocs.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e6d632135f8b8dc7d15956a407942c55b627c04a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/run-update-readthedocs.bat @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +git ac "Update docs" +git push github diff --git a/docs/source/conf.py b/docs/source/conf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a0e7c34aee0ae94cbf5d3b55d75e11d33ef8d61 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/conf.py @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +# Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder. +# +# This file only contains a selection of the most common options. For a full +# list see the documentation: +# https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html + +# -- Path setup -------------------------------------------------------------- + +# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory, +# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the +# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here. +# +# import os +# import sys +# sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.')) +import os +import sys +sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../../radiobee')) + +# -- Project information ----------------------------------------------------- + +project = 'radiobee' +copyright = '2022, mu' +author = 'mu' + +# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags +release = '0.1.0beta2' + + +# -- General configuration --------------------------------------------------- + +# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be +# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom +# ones. +extensions = [ +] + +# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory. +templates_path = ['_templates'] + +# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and +# directories to ignore when looking for source files. +# This pattern also affects html_static_path and html_extra_path. +exclude_patterns = [] + + +# -- Options for HTML output ------------------------------------------------- + +# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. See the documentation for +# a list of builtin themes. +# +# html_theme = 'alabaster' +html_theme = 'sphinx_rtd_theme' + +# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here, +# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files, +# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css". +html_static_path = ['_static'] diff --git a/docs/source/examples.rst b/docs/source/examples.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee8c6912060eb39be033d1ac624907aa45b37dea --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/examples.rst @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +Examples +============= + +``radiobee`` has in-built examples. Just click one of the rows in the ``Examples`` table and click ``Submit`` to testrun. + +Installation/Usage: +******************* +As the package has not been published on PyPi yet, it CANNOT be installed using pip. + +For now, the suggested method is to download the zipped package or use the online version at `https://huggingface.co/spaces/mikeee/radiobee-aligner/ `_ diff --git a/docs/source/index.rst b/docs/source/index.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..224b9ee5db6724c486fe9ef9016dcc83e9e99622 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/index.rst @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +.. radiobee documentation master file, created by + sphinx-quickstart on Tue Jan 4 11:32:45 2022. + You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least + contain the root `toctree` directive. + +Welcome to radiobee's documentation! +==================================== + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 2 + :caption: Contents: + + intro + userguide + userguide-zh + examples + radiobee + +Indices and tables +================== + +* :ref:`genindex` +* :ref:`modindex` +* :ref:`search` diff --git a/docs/source/intro.rst b/docs/source/intro.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7488f2a472476e7146a3a49e9c3f51a977b29319 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/intro.rst @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Introduction +============ + +``radiobee`` (or ``radiobee aligner`` in full) is a powerful dualtext aligner. + +The aim is to provide an interface to align two texts. + +The current implementation has been developed in Python 3 and ``gradio``. + +Motivation +********** + +Properly aligned texts (paragraph-to-paragraph or sentence-to-sentence) find many applications in machine learning (e.g. machine translation), CAT (tmx, translation terms etc.) and education (dual-language ebook), etc. + +Limitations +*********** + +Currently, only zh-en/en-zh pairs are supported for fast-track mode although further pairs will be added if and when time permits. +If you are willing to help with a particular pair (for example, de-zh, ja-zh, ru-zh, etc.), you are welcome to contact the developer. + +An experimental slow-track mode (approximately 500 pairs per 5 minutes) is introdueced for other laugnage pairs. diff --git a/docs/source/modules.rst b/docs/source/modules.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a992030db77d59dcfc4a10132fd9a5ec9a4beb7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/modules.rst @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +radiobee +======== + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 4 + + radiobee diff --git a/docs/source/radiobee.rst b/docs/source/radiobee.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fd1cb370aadeb7cf1554ccb3b2d8b3b6439860e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/radiobee.rst @@ -0,0 +1,229 @@ +radiobee package +================ + +Submodules +---------- + +radiobee.align\_sents module +---------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.align_sents + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.align\_texts module +---------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.align_texts + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.amend\_avec module +--------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.amend_avec + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.app module +------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.app + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.cmat2tset module +------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.cmat2tset + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.docterm\_scores module +------------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.docterm_scores + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.en2zh module +--------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.en2zh + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.en2zh\_tokens module +----------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.en2zh_tokens + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.file2text module +------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.file2text + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.files2df module +------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.files2df + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.gen\_aset module +------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.gen_aset + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.gen\_eps\_minsamples module +------------------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.gen_eps_minsamples + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.gen\_model module +-------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.gen_model + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.gen\_pset module +------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.gen_pset + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.gen\_row\_alignment module +----------------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.gen_row_alignment + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.insert\_spaces module +------------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.insert_spaces + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.interpolate\_pset module +--------------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.interpolate_pset + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.lists2cmat module +-------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.lists2cmat + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.loadtext module +------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.loadtext + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.mdx\_e2c module +------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.mdx_e2c + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.plot\_cmat module +-------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.plot_cmat + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.plot\_df module +------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.plot_df + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.process\_upload module +------------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.process_upload + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.seg\_text module +------------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.seg_text + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.shuffle\_sents module +------------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.shuffle_sents + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.smatrix module +----------------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee.smatrix + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +radiobee.trim\_df module +------------------------ + +.. automodule:: radiobee.trim_df + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: + +Module contents +--------------- + +.. automodule:: radiobee + :members: + :undoc-members: + :show-inheritance: diff --git a/docs/source/userguide-zh.rst b/docs/source/userguide-zh.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bb07d01d9241321b0cb9604dc8e6b33304cafff9 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/userguide-zh.rst @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +使用说明 +---------- + +- ``radiobee aligner`` 是 ``bumblebee aligner`` 的孪生兄弟。请加入qq群 ``316287378`` 了解这些对齐工具。 + +- ``radiobee`` 快对模式目前仅支持中英、英中对齐。 +- ``radiobee`` 目前仅支持纯文本文件上载 (txt, md, csv 等)。 以后可能会支持 ``docx``, ``pdf``, ``srt``, ``html`` 等格式。 +- ``file 2`` 为空白时，``radiobee`` 则会视 ``file 1`` 为中英文混合文本及试着分离中英文，然后进行对齐。 +- 英中、中英非空行限制在 ``2000`` 以内，其他语言对的对齐（``500`` 对约需5分钟）则限制在 ``200`` 以内。 +- 第二次上载文件前请点击"Clear"。 +- ``tf_type`` ``idf_type`` ``dl_type`` ``norm``: 一般无需理会这些参数。 +- ``esp`` 和 ``min_samples`` 的建议值 -- ``esp`` (最小 ``epsilon``): 8-12, ``min_samples``: 4-8. + + - ``esp`` 设大些或 ``min_samples`` 设小些可以得到更多的对齐对但也会有更多“误报对” (错误判断为对齐的对)。另一方面，``esp`` 设小些或 ``min_samples`` 设大些则会得到少一些对齐对因为可能错失了一些“优质对”。 + +- 嫌图太小的话，可以右击拷出图的链接用浏览器独立访问拷出来的链接或右击存盘再用看图程序打开存盘的图文件。 +- ``Flag``： ``radiobee`` 运行出错时可以点击 ``Flag`` 存下有关参数查看或通知开发者。 diff --git a/docs/source/userguide.rst b/docs/source/userguide.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2231b6e151bfb499bb3986882f10f32dcdc41489 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/userguide.rst @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +How to use +---------- + +- ``radiobee aligner`` is a sibling of `bumblebee aligner`. To know more about these aligners, please join qq group `316287378`. + +- Uploaded files should be in pure text format (txt, md, csv etc). ``docx``, ``pdf``, ``srt``, ``html`` etc may be supported later on. +- If ``file 2`` is left blank, ``radiobee`` will treat ``file 1`` as mixed (for example English-Chinese) text and attempt to separate English and Chinese texts before procedding to align them. +- The number non-blank lines is limited to 2000 for zh-en/zh-en and 200 for other languange pairs. +- Click "Clear" first for subsequent submits when uploading files. +- ``tf_type`` ``idf_type`` ``dl_type`` ``norm``: Normally there is no need to touch these unless you know what you are doing. +- Suggested ``esp`` and ``min_samples`` values -- ``esp`` (minimum epsilon): 8-12, ``min_samples``: 4-8. + + - Larger ``esp`` or smaller ``min_samples`` will result in more aligned pairs but also more **false positives** (pairs falsely identified as candidates). On the other hand, smaller ``esp`` or larger ``min_samples`` values tend to miss 'good' pairs. + +- If you need to have a better look at the image, you can right-click on the image and select copy-image-address and open a new tab in the browser with the copied image address. +- ``Flag``: Should something go wrong, you can click Flag to save the output and inform the developer. diff --git a/flagged/file 1/0.txt b/flagged/file 1/0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a2a28bf1f3e9dd2d8828df9321b6fdb265632787 --- /dev/null +++ b/flagged/file 1/0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + +国际 +中 +双语 +英 +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +In 2021, We Were There: The Year’s 14 Most Popular Dispatches +BRYANT ROUSSEAU +2021年12月31日 + +HANNAH REYES MORALES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +As the world reopened cautiously in 2021, our correspondents seized the chance to venture out in search of stories that would astonish, delight, provoke and enlighten. We went from the heights of a Himalayan ski slope to the ocean depths off the Philippines where amiable giants dive, and from a rugged island where a whistling language is still used to an Italian atelier where robots carve the sculptures. +随着2021年世界谨慎地重新开放，我们的记者抓住机会，探索了那些充满惊奇、愉悦、刺激和启迪的故事。我们从喜马拉雅滑雪场的高处来到潜伏着温和巨兽的菲律宾海底；从一个仍以口哨为语言的崎岖岛屿出发，来到一个由机器人完成雕刻的意大利工作室。 +If the pandemic often kept our reporters confined to urban settings in 2020, this year afforded them the chance to explore deep into the countryside. We observed a (bogus) diamond rush in rural South Africa and accompanied Indigenous hunters in Taiwan. We trekked to Canada’s beaver dams, swam in a contested stream in northern Israel and returned home to a Tuscan village sliding back in time. +如果说2020年的疫情让记者困在城市环境中，今年他们则得到了深入探索乡村地区的机会。我们在南非农村看到了一场（虚假的）钻石热，并与台湾的原住民猎手同行。我们徒步至加拿大的河狸坝，在以色列北部一条存在争端的河流中畅游，并回到了让时光倒流的托斯卡纳村庄。 +Many dispatches arrived from places difficult to access even in the best of times, from ancient ruins in Syria now housing the desperate and displaced to an island off New Guinea full of war relics and human remains. We also made it to Babylon, Suriname, Kaliningrad, Saudi Arabia, Albania and “Trump Lake” in Kosovo. +许多外派报道发自即使在最好的时代也难以到达的地方，从如今住着绝望和无家可归者的叙利亚古老废墟，到新几内亚附近一个满是战争遗迹和人类遗骸的岛上。我们还去到了巴比伦、苏里南、加里宁格勒、沙特阿拉伯、阿尔巴尼亚以及科索沃的“特朗普湖”。 +Cities demanded attention, too: We put Cairo’s glorious and glitchy elevators (and its Tahrir Square) in the spotlight, along with the giant murals transforming São Paulo into an open-air art gallery. Our stories stretched from an empty Louvre to Rio’s dive bars to Hong Kong’s newly crowded nature spots. Kolkata merited two dispatches: on its fairy tale trams and its cafes, where it’s all about the conversation. +城市也需要我们的关注：我们聚焦了开罗华丽又故障不断的电梯（以及那里的解放广场），还有将圣保罗变成露天艺术画廊的巨幅壁画。我们的故事从空荡荡的卢浮宫延伸到里约热内卢的廉价酒吧，再到香港近来人满为患的自然景点。加尔各答值得两篇报道：关于其童话般的有轨电车，还有咖啡馆，那是一切交谈发生的地方。 +While travel was a little easier, the coronavirus still gripped the globe. Our dispatches revealed how the world was adapting, from England, where people were moving onto canalboats, to a shuttered Paris, where France’s bureaucracy was in overdrive. We shared our experiences at a quarantine camp in Australia and at a mostly empty Taj Mahal. In Mexico, we spent time with the country’s suffering piñata makers and at its unexpectedly upbeat vaccination centers. +虽然旅行变得容易一些了，但新冠病毒的阴影依然笼罩全球。我们的报道揭示了世界如何适应这种情况，从人们移居运河船上的英格兰，到封锁的巴黎，那里的法国官僚机构已不堪重负。我们分享了身处澳大利亚的隔离点和几乎空无一人的泰姬陵是何种体验。在墨西哥，我们花时间走访了这个国家苦难深重的皮纳塔制作者和乐观到出乎意料的疫苗接种中心。 +The year’s biggest news stories also led to memorable and moving dispatches, from the hometown of Haiti’s slain president to a border region in Turkey re-energized by Syrian refugees. In Afghanistan, our reporters were there to witness the fighting on the front lines and the final withdrawal of U.S. troops. +从被杀害的海地总统的故乡，到因叙利亚难民而恢复活力的土耳其边境，这一年的重大新闻催生了难忘而感人的报道。在阿富汗，我们的记者见证了前线的战斗和美军的最后撤离。 +Here are the 14 dispatches most popular with readers in 2021: +以下就是2021年最受读者欢迎的14篇文章： +4月，东德里为新冠病人设立的火葬场。 +4月，东德里为新冠病人设立的火葬场。 ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +‘This Is a Catastrophe.’ In India, Illness Is Everywhere. +“这是谋杀。”在印度，疾病无处不在。 +As India in April suffered the world’s worst coronavirus crisis, our correspondent described the fear of living amid a disease spreading at such scale and speed: “Crematories are so full of bodies, it’s as if a war just happened. Fires burn around the clock. Many places are holding mass cremations, dozens at a time, and at night, in certain areas of New Delhi, the sky glows.” +4月，印度遭遇了世界上最严重的新冠危机，我们的记者描述了生活在一种以如此规模和速度传播的疾病中的恐惧：“火葬场堆满了尸体，就好像刚发生过一场战争。大火不分昼夜地燃烧着。许多地方进行一次几十具尸体的集体火化。到了夜晚，在新德里的某些地方，火光冲天。” +— By Jeffrey Gettleman, photographs by Atul Loke +——撰文：Jeffrey Gettleman，摄影：Atul Loke +在阿富汗拉格曼省的塔利班“红队”成员。他们所穿的运动鞋成为了暴力的代名词。 +在阿富汗拉格曼省的塔利班“红队”成员。他们所穿的运动鞋成为了暴力的代名词。 JIM HUYLEBROEK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +In Afghanistan, Follow the White High-Tops and You’ll Find the Taliban +在阿富汗，跟随白色高帮运动鞋就能找到塔利班 +For many Afghans, unassuming white high-top sneakers with green-and-yellow trim evoke only one emotion: fear. That’s because they’re beloved by Taliban fighters as a status symbol, and the shoes have become synonymous with violence. +对许多阿富汗人来说，带有黄绿装饰色的白色高帮运动鞋只会唤起一种情绪：恐惧。这是因为，作为身份的象征，这种鞋子受到了塔利班武装分子的喜爱，成为了暴力的代名词。 +— By Thomas Gibbons-Neff and Fahim Abed; photographs by Jim Huylebroek +——撰文：Thomas Gibbons-Neff和Fahim Abed，摄影：Jim Huylebroek +9月，巴黎里沃利街与塞瓦斯托波尔大道交汇处的晚高峰。 +9月，巴黎里沃利街与塞瓦斯托波尔大道交汇处的晚高峰。 DMITRY KOSTYUKOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +As Bikers Throng the Streets, ‘It’s Like Paris Is in Anarchy’ +骑行者挤满大街，“巴黎仿佛进入无序状态” +An ecologically minded experiment to make Paris a cycling capital has led to a million people now pedaling daily — and to rising tensions with pedestrians. “It’s chaos!” exclaimed Sarah Famery, a 20-year resident of the Marais neighborhood, shaking a fist at a swarm of bikes. “It’s becoming risky just to cross the street!” +为了让巴黎成为骑行之都，一场具有生态意识的实验导致每天上百万人骑车上街——加剧了骑行者与行人的紧张关系。“全乱套了！”在玛莱区住了20年的莎拉·法默里叫嚷道，并冲着一堆自行车挥舞拳头。“连过马路都变得危险了！” +— By Liz Alderman; photographs by Dmitry Kostyukov +——撰文：Liz Alderman，摄影：Dmitry Kostyukov +意大利蒙法尔科内港，一些前往威尼斯的游船停靠在了这里。 +意大利蒙法尔科内港，一些前往威尼斯的游船停靠在了这里。 GIULIA MARCHI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Looking for St. Mark’s Square? You May Find Yourself in a Shipyard Instead. +寻找圣马可广场？你也许会发现自己到了一家造船厂 +On the weekend that Venice’s ban on cruise ships took effect, some tourists were surprised to be docked hours away from the city’s famous sights. “It’s not exactly as charming as Venice,” said the honeymooning Vittoria Comparone, as she looked out from her ships’ cabin — not over St. Mark’s Square, but at towering cranes. +在威尼斯游船禁令生效后的周末，一些游客停靠在了距离著名景点还有几小时行程的地方，这让他们惊讶无比。“这可不像威尼斯那样迷人，”正在度蜜月的维多利亚·康帕龙说，她从船舱里向外看——看到的并不是圣马可广场，而是高耸的起重机吊臂。 +— By Jason Horowitz; photographs by Giulia Marchi +——撰文：Jason Horowitz，摄影：Giulia Marchi +21岁的克里斯蒂娜·伯宁抱着她的奶牛艾莉，身边是她的姊妹席琳和米歇尔。 +21岁的克里斯蒂娜·伯宁抱着她的奶牛艾莉，身边是她的姊妹席琳和米歇尔。 LENA MUCHA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +On This German Farm, Cows Are in Charge. Or at Least Coequals. +在这家德国农场，奶牛当家。或者至少跟当家平起平坐 +The cows don’t have to produce milk. The pigs sleep late. Their only purpose is to live peacefully — and provoke questions about how we eat. “We need to think about how we can live differently, and we need to leave animals in peace,” said Karin Mück who helps run an ex-dairy farm in Germany turned into an animal retirement home. +奶牛不需要产奶。猪睡懒觉。它们存在的唯一目的就是过自己的安静日子——并引发关于人类饮食方式的疑问。“我们需要思考如何以不同的方式生活，我们需要给动物一片清净的空间，”卡琳·穆克说，她在德国帮忙经营着一家由奶牛农场改造而成的动物养老院。 +— By Melissa Eddy; photographs by Lena Mucha +——撰文：Melissa Eddy；摄影：Lena Mucha +在被塔利班占领前不久，阿富汗喀布尔市中心的一名果汁小贩。 +在被塔利班占领前不久，阿富汗喀布尔市中心的一名果汁小贩。 MUJIB MASHAL/THE NEW YORK TIMES +A Journey Through Kabul on the Day of the Fall +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别一个希望的时代 +A Times correspondent who grew up in the Afghan capital returned just before the Taliban’s victory, taking in the end of one era and the fearful start of another: “In the hours before the Taliban walked into Kabul, and the two-decade quest to build a democratic Afghanistan tumbled into fear and uncertainty, I left my parents’ home to take a bus around the city. This was not a reporting outing. It was personal.” +一位在阿富汗首都长大的时报记者在塔利班获胜前回到喀布尔，感受了一个时代的结束和另一个时代充满恐惧的开始：“在塔利班进入喀布尔、让20年来建设民主阿富汗的征途陷入恐惧和不安之前的几个小时，我走出父母家门，乘公交在这座城市兜圈。这不是外出报道。这是为了我自己。” +— By Mujib Mashal; photographs by Mr. Mashal and Jim Huylebroek +——撰文：Mujib Mashal；照片：Mashal Mashal和Jim Huylebroek +海啸发生一个月后的气仙废墟，一户人家后院里脏兮兮的夹克衫。 +海啸发生一个月后的气仙废墟，一户人家后院里脏兮兮的夹克衫。 HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES +A 1,000-Year-Old Japanese Village, Erased +具有千年历史的日本村庄消亡 +The earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, wiped away the ancient Japanese village of Kesen. In the past decade, a small group of survivors has valiantly tried to rebuild the community, but a grim reality has set in: This emptiness will likely last forever. +2011年3月11日的地震和海啸摧毁了日本古老的村庄气仙。过去10年里，一小群勇敢的幸存者试图重建社区，但一个严峻的现实出现了：这种空空荡荡可能会永远持续下去。 +— Photographs by Hiroko Masuike; written by Russell Goldman +——照片：Hiroko Masuike；撰文：Russell Goldman +游客在俄罗斯西伯利亚贝加尔湖的干净冰面上拍照。 +游客在俄罗斯西伯利亚贝加尔湖的干净冰面上拍照。 +For Russians in a Pandemic, Lake Baikal Is the Place to See and Be Seen +没了外国游客，贝加尔湖迎来“俄罗斯季” +With borders closed because of the pandemic, crowds of Russian tourists have traded tropical beaches for Lake Baikal’s icicle-draped shores. What’s the appeal, especially when the temperature is subzero? “The assault on the senses is otherworldly,” writes our correspondent. “The silence around you is interrupted every few seconds by the cracking underneath — groans, bangs and weird, techno-music twangs. Look down, and the imperfections of the glass-clear ice emerge as pale, shimmering curtains.” +边境因疫情而关闭，大批俄罗斯游客将旅游目的地从热带海滩换成贝加尔湖冰柱覆盖的湖岸。是什么吸引着他们，尤其是当温度低于零度时？“感官会受到异乎寻常的冲击，”我们的记者写道。“每隔几秒钟，你周围的沉静就会被下面的裂缝打断——低吟声、砰砰声和怪异的类似电子乐拨弦的声音。往下看，玻璃般透明冰面的瑕疵像是闪闪发光的浅色窗帘。” +— By Anton Troianovski; photographs by Sergey Ponomarev +——撰文：Anton Troianovski；照片：Sergey Ponomarev +以色列海法，一头野猪过马路。以色列于2019年禁止射杀这种动物。 +以色列海法，一头野猪过马路。以色列于2019年禁止射杀这种动物。 DAN BALILTY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Where Boars Hog the Streets +野猪占领街道 +Groups of boars have become an unavoidable presence in Haifa, Israel, charming some while scaring others. “It became like an everyday thing,” said a chef who lets his dog play with the boars that putter around city parks. Bumping into one is “like seeing a squirrel.” +在以色列海法，成群结队的野猪已经成为不可避免的存在，一些人觉得有趣而另一些人感到害怕。“这已经变得像一种生活常态，”一位厨师说，他让他的狗和在城市公园游走的野猪玩耍。碰上一头野猪“就像看到一只松鼠”般平常。 +— By Patrick Kingsley; photographs by Dan Balilty +——撰文：Patrick Kingsley；照片：Dan Balilty +乔·加拉格尔在爱尔兰奥法利郡的普洛为一名男子进行“偏方治疗”。 +乔·加拉格尔在爱尔兰奥法利郡的普洛为一名男子进行“偏方治疗”。 PAULO NUNES DOS SANTOS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Secret Charms and 7th Sons: ‘The Cure’ Is Alive and Well in Ireland +神秘咒语和第七个儿子：在爱尔兰，“偏方”大行其道 +Belief in the benefits of the cure, a type of folk medicine that interweaves home remedies with superstition, religion and a sprinkle of magic is still a way of life in pockets of Ireland. “That we don’t believe in miracles doesn’t mean we don’t hope for them,” a professor of Irish folklore said. +一种民间医学将家庭药剂与迷信、宗教和魔法交织在一起，在爱尔兰一些地区，对这种偏方的笃信仍然是一种生活方式。“我们不相信奇迹，并不意味着我们不希望有奇迹，”爱尔兰民俗学教授说。 +— By Megan Specia; photographs by Paulo Nunes dos Santos +——撰文：Megan Specia；照片：Paulo Nunes dos Santos +黄昏时刻，一组研究人员捕捉从考冲帕兰洞穴飞出的蝙蝠。 +黄昏时刻，一组研究人员捕捉从考冲帕兰洞穴飞出的蝙蝠。 ADAM DEAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Thai Caves Attract Millions of Bats (and Now Scientists Too) +泰国洞穴吸引了数百万只蝙蝠（现在也引来了科学家） +A cave complex at a temple in Thailand has long drawn tourists, pilgrims and guano collectors. Now, scientists have arrived, looking for links to the coronavirus. “I’m worried that one day bats will only be a legend here,” said a monk at a nearby temple. “If we lose our bats, we lose what makes us special.” +泰国一座寺庙的洞穴群长期以来一直吸引着游客、朝圣者和鸟粪收集者。现在，科学家们来到这里寻找与新冠病毒相关的线索。“我担心有一天我们只剩下蝙蝠的传说，”附近寺庙的一位僧人说。“如果我们失去了蝙蝠，我们就会失去让我们与众不同的东西。” +— By Hannah Beech; photographs by Adam Dean +——撰文：Hannah Beech；照片：Adam Dean +艺术家艾琳·加西亚-伊内斯和旅店老板耶稣·哈托与他们的驴子奥斯卡一起在圣地亚哥朝圣之路上。 +艺术家艾琳·加西亚-伊内斯和旅店老板耶稣·哈托与他们的驴子奥斯卡一起在圣地亚哥朝圣之路上。 SAMUEL ARANDA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +On Spain’s Camino de Santiago, Even Óscar the Donkey Is a Pilgrim +在西班牙圣地亚哥朝圣之路上，就连驴子奥斯卡也是一位朝圣者 +An artist and an innkeeper have enlisted the help of a burro in their effort to rescue the traditions of Spain’s ancient pilgrimage route from mass tourism (and selfies). “Losing these traditions, it’s like what if we lost the pyramids?” said one of the pilgrims. “We put a lot of value on monuments, but less on the small things.” +一位艺术家和一位旅店老板希望通过驴子的帮助，将西班牙古老的朝圣路线传统从大众旅游（和自拍）中解救出来。“失去这些传统，就好像说，如果我们失去了金字塔怎么办？”一位朝圣者说。“我们非常重视纪念碑，但不够重视这些小事。” +— By Nicholas Casey; photographs by Samuel Aranda +——撰文：Nicholas Casey；照片：Samuel Aranda +在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 +在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 JACQUES NKINZINGABO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +At Rwanda’s Favorite Bars, Forget the Beer: Milk Is What’s on Tap +在卢旺达最受欢迎的酒吧，不点啤酒：来杯牛奶 +Milk is a favorite drink in Rwanda, and milk bars serve it up in abundance, fresh or fermented, hot or cold. “When you drink milk, you always have your head straight and your ideas right,” a patron said. +牛奶是卢旺达最受欢迎的饮品，牛奶吧供应大量新鲜或发酵、热或冷的牛奶。“当你喝牛奶时，你总是头脑清醒，想得明白，”一位顾客说。 +— By Abdi Latif Dahir; photographs by Jacques Nkinzingabo +——撰文：Abdi Latif Dahir；照片：Jacques Nkinzingabo +78岁的全宋子、77岁的洪锡顺和85岁的罗正顺。她们乘坐的出租车只需要花非常少的钱。 +78岁的全宋子、77岁的洪锡顺和85岁的罗正顺。她们乘坐的出租车只需要花非常少的钱。 JEAN CHUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +‘It’s a Godsend’: 9-Cent Taxi Rides in Rural South Korea +“天上掉下来的好事”：改变韩国农村的“百元出租车” +One county’s plan to help older, carless citizens stuck in remote villages proved wildly popular and has been copied across South Korea, revolutionizing public transportation in the countryside. “I probably know more about these old folks than anyone else because I drive them two or three times a week,” said one of the a 100-won (9 cent) taxi drivers. +在韩国的偏远村庄，无车老人难以出行，一个郡政府为此提供的帮助计划广受欢迎，并复制到韩国各地，彻底改变了农村的公共交通。“我可能比别人更了解这些老人，因为我每星期都要载他们两三次，”一位百元出租车司机说。 +— By Sang-Hun Choe; photographs by Jean Chung +——撰文：Sang-Hun Choe；照片：Jean Chung +翻译：纽约时报中文网 + +点击查看本文英文版。 + +相关报道 +2020年最受欢迎的13篇通讯 +2020年12月31日 + +2020年最受欢迎的13篇通讯 +在一条被污染的河流里向太阳祈祷 +2021年11月12日 + +在一条被污染的河流里向太阳祈祷 +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别希望的时代 +2021年8月30日 + +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别希望的时代 +霞浦，中国的网红打卡点和摆拍圣地 +2021年6月29日 + +霞浦，中国的网红打卡点和摆拍圣地 +印度疫情失控，疾病和死亡无处不在 +2021年4月28日 + +印度疫情失控，疾病和死亡无处不在 +传统与现代之间的台湾原住民狩猎 +2021年4月13日 + +传统与现代之间的台湾原住民狩猎 +最受欢迎 +西安封城逾一周，极端限制措施惹民怨 +西安封城逾一周，极端限制措施惹民怨 +“憎恨男人的人滚出去！”韩国反女权主义浪潮兴起 +“憎恨男人的人滚出去！”韩国反女权主义浪潮兴起 +感染奥密克戎会出现哪些症状？ +感染奥密克戎会出现哪些症状？ +民主国家面临的最大困境是什么？ +民主国家面临的最大困境是什么？ +红毯仪式与礼炮庆祝：恒大称将偿还债务、交付楼盘 +红毯仪式与礼炮庆祝：恒大称将偿还债务、交付楼盘 +为什么许多人对新冠已经不再恐惧？ +为什么许多人对新冠已经不再恐惧？ +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +《纽约时报》读者选出的125年来最佳书籍 +《纽约时报》读者选出的125年来最佳书籍 +新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测 +新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测 +《纽约时报》2021年最受欢迎的20篇文章 +《纽约时报》2021年最受欢迎的20篇文章 +国际 +中国 +商业与经济 +镜头 +科技 +科学 +健康 +教育 +文化 +风尚 +旅游 +房地产 +观点与评论 +免费下载 纽约时报中文网 +iOS 和 Android App + +点击下载iOS App点击下载Android App点击下载Android APK +© 2021 The New York Times Company. diff --git a/flagged/file 1/1.txt b/flagged/file 1/1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a2a28bf1f3e9dd2d8828df9321b6fdb265632787 --- /dev/null +++ b/flagged/file 1/1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + +国际 +中 +双语 +英 +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +In 2021, We Were There: The Year’s 14 Most Popular Dispatches +BRYANT ROUSSEAU +2021年12月31日 + +HANNAH REYES MORALES FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +As the world reopened cautiously in 2021, our correspondents seized the chance to venture out in search of stories that would astonish, delight, provoke and enlighten. We went from the heights of a Himalayan ski slope to the ocean depths off the Philippines where amiable giants dive, and from a rugged island where a whistling language is still used to an Italian atelier where robots carve the sculptures. +随着2021年世界谨慎地重新开放，我们的记者抓住机会，探索了那些充满惊奇、愉悦、刺激和启迪的故事。我们从喜马拉雅滑雪场的高处来到潜伏着温和巨兽的菲律宾海底；从一个仍以口哨为语言的崎岖岛屿出发，来到一个由机器人完成雕刻的意大利工作室。 +If the pandemic often kept our reporters confined to urban settings in 2020, this year afforded them the chance to explore deep into the countryside. We observed a (bogus) diamond rush in rural South Africa and accompanied Indigenous hunters in Taiwan. We trekked to Canada’s beaver dams, swam in a contested stream in northern Israel and returned home to a Tuscan village sliding back in time. +如果说2020年的疫情让记者困在城市环境中，今年他们则得到了深入探索乡村地区的机会。我们在南非农村看到了一场（虚假的）钻石热，并与台湾的原住民猎手同行。我们徒步至加拿大的河狸坝，在以色列北部一条存在争端的河流中畅游，并回到了让时光倒流的托斯卡纳村庄。 +Many dispatches arrived from places difficult to access even in the best of times, from ancient ruins in Syria now housing the desperate and displaced to an island off New Guinea full of war relics and human remains. We also made it to Babylon, Suriname, Kaliningrad, Saudi Arabia, Albania and “Trump Lake” in Kosovo. +许多外派报道发自即使在最好的时代也难以到达的地方，从如今住着绝望和无家可归者的叙利亚古老废墟，到新几内亚附近一个满是战争遗迹和人类遗骸的岛上。我们还去到了巴比伦、苏里南、加里宁格勒、沙特阿拉伯、阿尔巴尼亚以及科索沃的“特朗普湖”。 +Cities demanded attention, too: We put Cairo’s glorious and glitchy elevators (and its Tahrir Square) in the spotlight, along with the giant murals transforming São Paulo into an open-air art gallery. Our stories stretched from an empty Louvre to Rio’s dive bars to Hong Kong’s newly crowded nature spots. Kolkata merited two dispatches: on its fairy tale trams and its cafes, where it’s all about the conversation. +城市也需要我们的关注：我们聚焦了开罗华丽又故障不断的电梯（以及那里的解放广场），还有将圣保罗变成露天艺术画廊的巨幅壁画。我们的故事从空荡荡的卢浮宫延伸到里约热内卢的廉价酒吧，再到香港近来人满为患的自然景点。加尔各答值得两篇报道：关于其童话般的有轨电车，还有咖啡馆，那是一切交谈发生的地方。 +While travel was a little easier, the coronavirus still gripped the globe. Our dispatches revealed how the world was adapting, from England, where people were moving onto canalboats, to a shuttered Paris, where France’s bureaucracy was in overdrive. We shared our experiences at a quarantine camp in Australia and at a mostly empty Taj Mahal. In Mexico, we spent time with the country’s suffering piñata makers and at its unexpectedly upbeat vaccination centers. +虽然旅行变得容易一些了，但新冠病毒的阴影依然笼罩全球。我们的报道揭示了世界如何适应这种情况，从人们移居运河船上的英格兰，到封锁的巴黎，那里的法国官僚机构已不堪重负。我们分享了身处澳大利亚的隔离点和几乎空无一人的泰姬陵是何种体验。在墨西哥，我们花时间走访了这个国家苦难深重的皮纳塔制作者和乐观到出乎意料的疫苗接种中心。 +The year’s biggest news stories also led to memorable and moving dispatches, from the hometown of Haiti’s slain president to a border region in Turkey re-energized by Syrian refugees. In Afghanistan, our reporters were there to witness the fighting on the front lines and the final withdrawal of U.S. troops. +从被杀害的海地总统的故乡，到因叙利亚难民而恢复活力的土耳其边境，这一年的重大新闻催生了难忘而感人的报道。在阿富汗，我们的记者见证了前线的战斗和美军的最后撤离。 +Here are the 14 dispatches most popular with readers in 2021: +以下就是2021年最受读者欢迎的14篇文章： +4月，东德里为新冠病人设立的火葬场。 +4月，东德里为新冠病人设立的火葬场。 ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +‘This Is a Catastrophe.’ In India, Illness Is Everywhere. +“这是谋杀。”在印度，疾病无处不在。 +As India in April suffered the world’s worst coronavirus crisis, our correspondent described the fear of living amid a disease spreading at such scale and speed: “Crematories are so full of bodies, it’s as if a war just happened. Fires burn around the clock. Many places are holding mass cremations, dozens at a time, and at night, in certain areas of New Delhi, the sky glows.” +4月，印度遭遇了世界上最严重的新冠危机，我们的记者描述了生活在一种以如此规模和速度传播的疾病中的恐惧：“火葬场堆满了尸体，就好像刚发生过一场战争。大火不分昼夜地燃烧着。许多地方进行一次几十具尸体的集体火化。到了夜晚，在新德里的某些地方，火光冲天。” +— By Jeffrey Gettleman, photographs by Atul Loke +——撰文：Jeffrey Gettleman，摄影：Atul Loke +在阿富汗拉格曼省的塔利班“红队”成员。他们所穿的运动鞋成为了暴力的代名词。 +在阿富汗拉格曼省的塔利班“红队”成员。他们所穿的运动鞋成为了暴力的代名词。 JIM HUYLEBROEK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +In Afghanistan, Follow the White High-Tops and You’ll Find the Taliban +在阿富汗，跟随白色高帮运动鞋就能找到塔利班 +For many Afghans, unassuming white high-top sneakers with green-and-yellow trim evoke only one emotion: fear. That’s because they’re beloved by Taliban fighters as a status symbol, and the shoes have become synonymous with violence. +对许多阿富汗人来说，带有黄绿装饰色的白色高帮运动鞋只会唤起一种情绪：恐惧。这是因为，作为身份的象征，这种鞋子受到了塔利班武装分子的喜爱，成为了暴力的代名词。 +— By Thomas Gibbons-Neff and Fahim Abed; photographs by Jim Huylebroek +——撰文：Thomas Gibbons-Neff和Fahim Abed，摄影：Jim Huylebroek +9月，巴黎里沃利街与塞瓦斯托波尔大道交汇处的晚高峰。 +9月，巴黎里沃利街与塞瓦斯托波尔大道交汇处的晚高峰。 DMITRY KOSTYUKOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +As Bikers Throng the Streets, ‘It’s Like Paris Is in Anarchy’ +骑行者挤满大街，“巴黎仿佛进入无序状态” +An ecologically minded experiment to make Paris a cycling capital has led to a million people now pedaling daily — and to rising tensions with pedestrians. “It’s chaos!” exclaimed Sarah Famery, a 20-year resident of the Marais neighborhood, shaking a fist at a swarm of bikes. “It’s becoming risky just to cross the street!” +为了让巴黎成为骑行之都，一场具有生态意识的实验导致每天上百万人骑车上街——加剧了骑行者与行人的紧张关系。“全乱套了！”在玛莱区住了20年的莎拉·法默里叫嚷道，并冲着一堆自行车挥舞拳头。“连过马路都变得危险了！” +— By Liz Alderman; photographs by Dmitry Kostyukov +——撰文：Liz Alderman，摄影：Dmitry Kostyukov +意大利蒙法尔科内港，一些前往威尼斯的游船停靠在了这里。 +意大利蒙法尔科内港，一些前往威尼斯的游船停靠在了这里。 GIULIA MARCHI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Looking for St. Mark’s Square? You May Find Yourself in a Shipyard Instead. +寻找圣马可广场？你也许会发现自己到了一家造船厂 +On the weekend that Venice’s ban on cruise ships took effect, some tourists were surprised to be docked hours away from the city’s famous sights. “It’s not exactly as charming as Venice,” said the honeymooning Vittoria Comparone, as she looked out from her ships’ cabin — not over St. Mark’s Square, but at towering cranes. +在威尼斯游船禁令生效后的周末，一些游客停靠在了距离著名景点还有几小时行程的地方，这让他们惊讶无比。“这可不像威尼斯那样迷人，”正在度蜜月的维多利亚·康帕龙说，她从船舱里向外看——看到的并不是圣马可广场，而是高耸的起重机吊臂。 +— By Jason Horowitz; photographs by Giulia Marchi +——撰文：Jason Horowitz，摄影：Giulia Marchi +21岁的克里斯蒂娜·伯宁抱着她的奶牛艾莉，身边是她的姊妹席琳和米歇尔。 +21岁的克里斯蒂娜·伯宁抱着她的奶牛艾莉，身边是她的姊妹席琳和米歇尔。 LENA MUCHA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +On This German Farm, Cows Are in Charge. Or at Least Coequals. +在这家德国农场，奶牛当家。或者至少跟当家平起平坐 +The cows don’t have to produce milk. The pigs sleep late. Their only purpose is to live peacefully — and provoke questions about how we eat. “We need to think about how we can live differently, and we need to leave animals in peace,” said Karin Mück who helps run an ex-dairy farm in Germany turned into an animal retirement home. +奶牛不需要产奶。猪睡懒觉。它们存在的唯一目的就是过自己的安静日子——并引发关于人类饮食方式的疑问。“我们需要思考如何以不同的方式生活，我们需要给动物一片清净的空间，”卡琳·穆克说，她在德国帮忙经营着一家由奶牛农场改造而成的动物养老院。 +— By Melissa Eddy; photographs by Lena Mucha +——撰文：Melissa Eddy；摄影：Lena Mucha +在被塔利班占领前不久，阿富汗喀布尔市中心的一名果汁小贩。 +在被塔利班占领前不久，阿富汗喀布尔市中心的一名果汁小贩。 MUJIB MASHAL/THE NEW YORK TIMES +A Journey Through Kabul on the Day of the Fall +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别一个希望的时代 +A Times correspondent who grew up in the Afghan capital returned just before the Taliban’s victory, taking in the end of one era and the fearful start of another: “In the hours before the Taliban walked into Kabul, and the two-decade quest to build a democratic Afghanistan tumbled into fear and uncertainty, I left my parents’ home to take a bus around the city. This was not a reporting outing. It was personal.” +一位在阿富汗首都长大的时报记者在塔利班获胜前回到喀布尔，感受了一个时代的结束和另一个时代充满恐惧的开始：“在塔利班进入喀布尔、让20年来建设民主阿富汗的征途陷入恐惧和不安之前的几个小时，我走出父母家门，乘公交在这座城市兜圈。这不是外出报道。这是为了我自己。” +— By Mujib Mashal; photographs by Mr. Mashal and Jim Huylebroek +——撰文：Mujib Mashal；照片：Mashal Mashal和Jim Huylebroek +海啸发生一个月后的气仙废墟，一户人家后院里脏兮兮的夹克衫。 +海啸发生一个月后的气仙废墟，一户人家后院里脏兮兮的夹克衫。 HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES +A 1,000-Year-Old Japanese Village, Erased +具有千年历史的日本村庄消亡 +The earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, wiped away the ancient Japanese village of Kesen. In the past decade, a small group of survivors has valiantly tried to rebuild the community, but a grim reality has set in: This emptiness will likely last forever. +2011年3月11日的地震和海啸摧毁了日本古老的村庄气仙。过去10年里，一小群勇敢的幸存者试图重建社区，但一个严峻的现实出现了：这种空空荡荡可能会永远持续下去。 +— Photographs by Hiroko Masuike; written by Russell Goldman +——照片：Hiroko Masuike；撰文：Russell Goldman +游客在俄罗斯西伯利亚贝加尔湖的干净冰面上拍照。 +游客在俄罗斯西伯利亚贝加尔湖的干净冰面上拍照。 +For Russians in a Pandemic, Lake Baikal Is the Place to See and Be Seen +没了外国游客，贝加尔湖迎来“俄罗斯季” +With borders closed because of the pandemic, crowds of Russian tourists have traded tropical beaches for Lake Baikal’s icicle-draped shores. What’s the appeal, especially when the temperature is subzero? “The assault on the senses is otherworldly,” writes our correspondent. “The silence around you is interrupted every few seconds by the cracking underneath — groans, bangs and weird, techno-music twangs. Look down, and the imperfections of the glass-clear ice emerge as pale, shimmering curtains.” +边境因疫情而关闭，大批俄罗斯游客将旅游目的地从热带海滩换成贝加尔湖冰柱覆盖的湖岸。是什么吸引着他们，尤其是当温度低于零度时？“感官会受到异乎寻常的冲击，”我们的记者写道。“每隔几秒钟，你周围的沉静就会被下面的裂缝打断——低吟声、砰砰声和怪异的类似电子乐拨弦的声音。往下看，玻璃般透明冰面的瑕疵像是闪闪发光的浅色窗帘。” +— By Anton Troianovski; photographs by Sergey Ponomarev +——撰文：Anton Troianovski；照片：Sergey Ponomarev +以色列海法，一头野猪过马路。以色列于2019年禁止射杀这种动物。 +以色列海法，一头野猪过马路。以色列于2019年禁止射杀这种动物。 DAN BALILTY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Where Boars Hog the Streets +野猪占领街道 +Groups of boars have become an unavoidable presence in Haifa, Israel, charming some while scaring others. “It became like an everyday thing,” said a chef who lets his dog play with the boars that putter around city parks. Bumping into one is “like seeing a squirrel.” +在以色列海法，成群结队的野猪已经成为不可避免的存在，一些人觉得有趣而另一些人感到害怕。“这已经变得像一种生活常态，”一位厨师说，他让他的狗和在城市公园游走的野猪玩耍。碰上一头野猪“就像看到一只松鼠”般平常。 +— By Patrick Kingsley; photographs by Dan Balilty +——撰文：Patrick Kingsley；照片：Dan Balilty +乔·加拉格尔在爱尔兰奥法利郡的普洛为一名男子进行“偏方治疗”。 +乔·加拉格尔在爱尔兰奥法利郡的普洛为一名男子进行“偏方治疗”。 PAULO NUNES DOS SANTOS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Secret Charms and 7th Sons: ‘The Cure’ Is Alive and Well in Ireland +神秘咒语和第七个儿子：在爱尔兰，“偏方”大行其道 +Belief in the benefits of the cure, a type of folk medicine that interweaves home remedies with superstition, religion and a sprinkle of magic is still a way of life in pockets of Ireland. “That we don’t believe in miracles doesn’t mean we don’t hope for them,” a professor of Irish folklore said. +一种民间医学将家庭药剂与迷信、宗教和魔法交织在一起，在爱尔兰一些地区，对这种偏方的笃信仍然是一种生活方式。“我们不相信奇迹，并不意味着我们不希望有奇迹，”爱尔兰民俗学教授说。 +— By Megan Specia; photographs by Paulo Nunes dos Santos +——撰文：Megan Specia；照片：Paulo Nunes dos Santos +黄昏时刻，一组研究人员捕捉从考冲帕兰洞穴飞出的蝙蝠。 +黄昏时刻，一组研究人员捕捉从考冲帕兰洞穴飞出的蝙蝠。 ADAM DEAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +Thai Caves Attract Millions of Bats (and Now Scientists Too) +泰国洞穴吸引了数百万只蝙蝠（现在也引来了科学家） +A cave complex at a temple in Thailand has long drawn tourists, pilgrims and guano collectors. Now, scientists have arrived, looking for links to the coronavirus. “I’m worried that one day bats will only be a legend here,” said a monk at a nearby temple. “If we lose our bats, we lose what makes us special.” +泰国一座寺庙的洞穴群长期以来一直吸引着游客、朝圣者和鸟粪收集者。现在，科学家们来到这里寻找与新冠病毒相关的线索。“我担心有一天我们只剩下蝙蝠的传说，”附近寺庙的一位僧人说。“如果我们失去了蝙蝠，我们就会失去让我们与众不同的东西。” +— By Hannah Beech; photographs by Adam Dean +——撰文：Hannah Beech；照片：Adam Dean +艺术家艾琳·加西亚-伊内斯和旅店老板耶稣·哈托与他们的驴子奥斯卡一起在圣地亚哥朝圣之路上。 +艺术家艾琳·加西亚-伊内斯和旅店老板耶稣·哈托与他们的驴子奥斯卡一起在圣地亚哥朝圣之路上。 SAMUEL ARANDA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +On Spain’s Camino de Santiago, Even Óscar the Donkey Is a Pilgrim +在西班牙圣地亚哥朝圣之路上，就连驴子奥斯卡也是一位朝圣者 +An artist and an innkeeper have enlisted the help of a burro in their effort to rescue the traditions of Spain’s ancient pilgrimage route from mass tourism (and selfies). “Losing these traditions, it’s like what if we lost the pyramids?” said one of the pilgrims. “We put a lot of value on monuments, but less on the small things.” +一位艺术家和一位旅店老板希望通过驴子的帮助，将西班牙古老的朝圣路线传统从大众旅游（和自拍）中解救出来。“失去这些传统，就好像说，如果我们失去了金字塔怎么办？”一位朝圣者说。“我们非常重视纪念碑，但不够重视这些小事。” +— By Nicholas Casey; photographs by Samuel Aranda +——撰文：Nicholas Casey；照片：Samuel Aranda +在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 +在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 JACQUES NKINZINGABO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +At Rwanda’s Favorite Bars, Forget the Beer: Milk Is What’s on Tap +在卢旺达最受欢迎的酒吧，不点啤酒：来杯牛奶 +Milk is a favorite drink in Rwanda, and milk bars serve it up in abundance, fresh or fermented, hot or cold. “When you drink milk, you always have your head straight and your ideas right,” a patron said. +牛奶是卢旺达最受欢迎的饮品，牛奶吧供应大量新鲜或发酵、热或冷的牛奶。“当你喝牛奶时，你总是头脑清醒，想得明白，”一位顾客说。 +— By Abdi Latif Dahir; photographs by Jacques Nkinzingabo +——撰文：Abdi Latif Dahir；照片：Jacques Nkinzingabo +78岁的全宋子、77岁的洪锡顺和85岁的罗正顺。她们乘坐的出租车只需要花非常少的钱。 +78岁的全宋子、77岁的洪锡顺和85岁的罗正顺。她们乘坐的出租车只需要花非常少的钱。 JEAN CHUNG FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES +‘It’s a Godsend’: 9-Cent Taxi Rides in Rural South Korea +“天上掉下来的好事”：改变韩国农村的“百元出租车” +One county’s plan to help older, carless citizens stuck in remote villages proved wildly popular and has been copied across South Korea, revolutionizing public transportation in the countryside. “I probably know more about these old folks than anyone else because I drive them two or three times a week,” said one of the a 100-won (9 cent) taxi drivers. +在韩国的偏远村庄，无车老人难以出行，一个郡政府为此提供的帮助计划广受欢迎，并复制到韩国各地，彻底改变了农村的公共交通。“我可能比别人更了解这些老人，因为我每星期都要载他们两三次，”一位百元出租车司机说。 +— By Sang-Hun Choe; photographs by Jean Chung +——撰文：Sang-Hun Choe；照片：Jean Chung +翻译：纽约时报中文网 + +点击查看本文英文版。 + +相关报道 +2020年最受欢迎的13篇通讯 +2020年12月31日 + +2020年最受欢迎的13篇通讯 +在一条被污染的河流里向太阳祈祷 +2021年11月12日 + +在一条被污染的河流里向太阳祈祷 +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别希望的时代 +2021年8月30日 + +告别曾经的喀布尔，告别希望的时代 +霞浦，中国的网红打卡点和摆拍圣地 +2021年6月29日 + +霞浦，中国的网红打卡点和摆拍圣地 +印度疫情失控，疾病和死亡无处不在 +2021年4月28日 + +印度疫情失控，疾病和死亡无处不在 +传统与现代之间的台湾原住民狩猎 +2021年4月13日 + +传统与现代之间的台湾原住民狩猎 +最受欢迎 +西安封城逾一周，极端限制措施惹民怨 +西安封城逾一周，极端限制措施惹民怨 +“憎恨男人的人滚出去！”韩国反女权主义浪潮兴起 +“憎恨男人的人滚出去！”韩国反女权主义浪潮兴起 +感染奥密克戎会出现哪些症状？ +感染奥密克戎会出现哪些症状？ +民主国家面临的最大困境是什么？ +民主国家面临的最大困境是什么？ +红毯仪式与礼炮庆祝：恒大称将偿还债务、交付楼盘 +红毯仪式与礼炮庆祝：恒大称将偿还债务、交付楼盘 +为什么许多人对新冠已经不再恐惧？ +为什么许多人对新冠已经不再恐惧？ +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +2021年，我们在现场：本年度最受欢迎的14篇通讯 +《纽约时报》读者选出的125年来最佳书籍 +《纽约时报》读者选出的125年来最佳书籍 +新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测 +新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测 +《纽约时报》2021年最受欢迎的20篇文章 +《纽约时报》2021年最受欢迎的20篇文章 +国际 +中国 +商业与经济 +镜头 +科技 +科学 +健康 +教育 +文化 +风尚 +旅游 +房地产 +观点与评论 +免费下载 纽约时报中文网 +iOS 和 Android App + +点击下载iOS App点击下载Android App点击下载Android APK +© 2021 The New York Times Company. diff --git a/img/df.png b/img/df.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e92e350d8333b8f8814112780a1b6d6335a3b999 Binary files /dev/null and b/img/df.png differ diff --git a/img/plt.png b/img/plt.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8e9a13f9d48f162d6c9aba4ce0a72c8793eddb86 Binary files /dev/null and b/img/plt.png differ diff --git a/img/temp.png b/img/temp.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb3561bff2d72ae49b335fc2722b5971bc28f049 Binary files /dev/null and b/img/temp.png differ diff --git a/nodemon.json b/nodemon.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bd2ef050beb784836eb1df30d3a0749ff9ef1274 --- /dev/null +++ b/nodemon.json @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +{ + "restartable": "rs", + "ignore": [ + ".venv", + ".git", + "node_modules/**/node_modules", + "**/__pycache__" + ], + "verbose": true, + "execMap": { + "js": "node --harmony" + }, + "watch": [ + "tests", + "test/fixtures/", + "test/samples/" + ], + "env": { + "NODE_ENV": "development" + }, + "ext": "js json py" +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a4cd7d39995a2d2effe207f8c8a1e963da94485 --- /dev/null +++ b/package.json @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +{ + "name": "radiobee-aligner", + "version": "1.0.0", + "description": "---\r title: radiobee aligner\r emoji: 🚧\r colorFrom: blue\r colorTo: red\r sdk: gradio\r app_file: radiobee/__main__.py\r pinned: false\r ---", + "main": "index.js", + "directories": { + "test": "tests" + }, + "scripts": { + "pyright": "pyright", + "pyright-radiobee": "pyright radiobee", + "flake8": "flake8", + "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1" + }, + "repository": { + "type": "git", + "url": "https://huggingface.co/spaces/mikeee/radiobee-aligner" + }, + "keywords": [], + "author": "", + "license": "ISC" +} diff --git a/packages.txt b/packages.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..366fe061ef0b40d4d5c7b1cdc1ef03dce2102860 --- /dev/null +++ b/packages.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +icu-doc +libicu-dev +pkg-config diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e7cc3405970036825a3186d00001ce821edaea26 --- /dev/null +++ b/poetry.lock @@ -0,0 +1,1080 @@ +[[package]] +name = "analytics-python" +version = "1.4.0" +description = "The hassle-free way to integrate analytics into any python application." +category = "main" +optional = false +python-versions = "*" + +[package.dependencies] +backoff = "1.10.0" +monotonic = ">=1.5" +python-dateutil = ">2.1" +requests = ">=2.7,<3.0" +six = ">=1.5" + +[package.extras] +test = ["mock (==2.0.0)", "pylint (==1.9.3)", "flake8 (==3.7.9)"] + +[[package]] +name = "backoff" +version = "1.10.0" +description = "Function decoration for backoff and retry" +category = "main" +optional = false +python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*" + +[[package]] +name = "bcrypt" +version = "3.2.0" +description = "Modern password hashing for your software and your servers" +category = "main" +optional = false +python-versions = ">=3.6" + +[package.dependencies] +cffi = ">=1.1" +six = ">=1.4.1" + +[package.extras] +tests = ["pytest (>=3.2.1,!=3.3.0)"] +typecheck = ["mypy"] + +[[package]] +name = "certifi" +version = "2021.10.8" +description = "Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle." +category = "main" +optional = false +python-versions = "*" + +[[package]] +name = "cffi" +version = "1.15.0" +description = "Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code." +category = "main" +optional = false +python-versions = "*" + +[package.dependencies] +pycparser = "*" + +[[package]] +name = "charset-normalizer" +version = "2.0.9" +description = "The Real First Universal Charset Detector. 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/dev/null +++ b/pyrightconfig.json @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +{ + "include": ["tests", "radiobee"], + "venvPath": ".venv", + "reportTypeshedErrors": false, + "reportMissingImports": true, + "reportMissingTypeStubs": false, + "pythonVersion": "3.8", + "ignore": [] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/pytest.ini b/pytest.ini new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ccfcf26f861a557b3bbda8b60ead87fedf247d5b --- /dev/null +++ b/pytest.ini @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +[pytest] +# addopts = --doctest-modules +log_cli = true \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/radiobee/__init__.py b/radiobee/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..14e8999c92f78a983043250c29724ca6df723da6 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +"""Init.""" diff --git a/radiobee/__main__.py b/radiobee/__main__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4604663e2abbb14a516fad1aa443a37a3ea8b5e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/__main__.py @@ -0,0 +1,439 @@ +"""Run interactively.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name, too-many-arguments, unused-argument, redefined-builtin, wrong-import-position, too-many-locals, too-many-statements +from typing import Any, Tuple, Optional, Union # noqa + +import sys +from pathlib import Path +import platform +import signal +from random import randint +from textwrap import dedent +from itertools import zip_longest + +# import socket +from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM + +from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN # noqa + +import joblib +from varname import nameof +import logzero +from logzero import logger + +# import numpy as np +import pandas as pd +import seaborn as sns + +import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # noqa + +# from tabulate import tabulate +from fastlid import fastlid + +# for embeddable python +if "." not in sys.path: + sys.path.insert(0, ".") + +import gradio as gr + +# from radiobee.error_msg import error_msg +from radiobee.process_upload import process_upload +from radiobee.gradiobee import gradiobee + +sns.set() +sns.set_style("darkgrid") +fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + +signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL) +print("Press Ctrl+C to quit\n") + + +def savelzma(obj, fileloc: str = None): + """Aux funciton.""" + if fileloc is None: + fileloc = nameof(obj) # this wont work + joblib.dump(obj, f"data/{fileloc}.lzma") + + +def greet(input): + """Greet yo.""" + return f"'Sup yo! (your input: {input})" + + +def upfile1(file1, file2=None) -> Tuple[str, str]: + """Upload file1, file2.""" + del file2 + return file1.name, f"'Sup yo! (your input: {input})" + + +def process_2upoads(file1, file2): + """Process stuff.""" + # return f"{process_upload(file1)}\n===***\n{process_upload(file2)}" + + text1 = [_.strip() for _ in process_upload(file1).splitlines() if _.strip()] + text2 = [_.strip() for _ in process_upload(file2).splitlines() if _.strip()] + + text1, text2 = zip(*zip_longest(text1, text2, fillvalue="")) + + df = pd.DataFrame({"text1": text1, "text2": text2}) + + # return tabulate(df) + # return tabulate(df, tablefmt="grid") + # return tabulate(df, tablefmt='html') + + return df + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + debug = True + # debug = False + + uname = platform.uname() + + # match = re.search(r'[a-z\d]{10,}', gethostname()) + # hf spaces release: '4.14.248-189.473.amzn2.x86_64' + # match = re.search(r'[a-z\d]{10,}', node) + # if match and node.system.lower() in ["linux"]: + if "amzn2" in uname.release: + # likely hf spaces + server_name = "0.0.0.0" + debug = False + else: + server_name = "127.0.0.1" + + if debug: + logzero.loglevel(10) + logger.debug(" debug ") + logger.info(" info ") + + # _ = """ + inputs = [ + gr.inputs.Textbox( + # placeholder="Input something here", + default="test text" + ) + ] + inputs = ["file", "file"] + inputs = [ + gr.inputs.File(label="file 1"), + # gr.inputs.File(file_count="multiple", label="file 2", optional=True), + gr.inputs.File(label="file 2", optional=True), + ] + + # modi 1 + _ = """ + tf_type: Literal[linear, sqrt, log, binary] = 'linear' + idf_type: Optional[Literal[standard, smooth, bm25]] = None + dl_type: Optional[Literal[linear, sqrt, log]] = None + norm: norm: Optional[Literal[l1, l2]] = None + x min_df: int | float = 1 + x max_df: int | float = 1.0 + # """ + input_tf_type = gr.inputs.Dropdown( + ["linear", "sqrt", "log", "binary"], default="linear" + ) + input_idf_type = gr.inputs.Radio( + ["None", "standard", "smooth", "bm25"], default="None" + ) # need to convert "None" this to None in fn + input_dl_type = gr.inputs.Radio( + ["None", "linear", "sqrt", "log"], default="None" + ) # ditto + input_norm_type = gr.inputs.Radio(["None", "l1", "l2"], default="None") # ditto + + inputs = [ + gr.inputs.File(label="file 1"), + gr.inputs.File(label="file 2", optional=True), + input_tf_type, # modi inputs + input_idf_type, + input_dl_type, + input_norm_type, + gr.inputs.Slider( + minimum=1, + maximum=20, + step=0.1, + default=10, + ), + gr.inputs.Slider( + minimum=1, + maximum=20, + step=1, + default=6, + ), + ] + + examples = [ + [ + "data/test_zh.txt", + "data/test_en.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/test_en.txt", + "data/test_zh.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/shakespeare_zh500.txt", + "data/shakespeare_en500.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/shakespeare_en500.txt", + "data/shakespeare_zh500.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/hlm-ch1-zh.txt", + "data/hlm-ch1-en.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/hlm-ch1-en.txt", + "data/hlm-ch1-zh.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/ps-cn.txt", + "data/ps-en.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 4, + ], + [ + "data/test-dual.txt", + "data/empty.txt", + # None, # does not work + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + [ + "data/xiyouji-ch1-zh.txt", + "data/xiyouji-ch1-de.txt", + "linear", + "None", + "None", + "None", + 10, + 6, + ], + ] + + # modi examples setup + + outputs = ["dataframe", "plot"] + outputs = ["plot"] + outputs = ["dataframe", "plot"] + out_df = gr.outputs.Dataframe( + headers=None, + max_rows=12, # 20 + max_cols=None, + overflow_row_behaviour="paginate", + type="auto", + label="To be aligned", + ) + out_df_aligned = gr.outputs.Dataframe( + headers=None, + # max_rows=12, # 20 + max_cols=3, + overflow_row_behaviour="paginate", + type="auto", + label="aligned pairs", + ) + out_file_dl = gr.outputs.File( + label="Click to download csv", + ) + out_file_dl_excel = gr.outputs.File( + label="Click to download xlsx", + ) + + # modi outputs + outputs = [ + out_df, + # "plot", + gr.outputs.Image(label="plot"), + out_file_dl, + out_file_dl_excel, + out_df_aligned, + gr.outputs.HTML(), + ] + # outputs = ["dataframe", "plot", "plot"] # wont work + # outputs = ["dataframe"] + # outputs = ["dataframe", "dataframe", ] + + server_port = 7860 + with socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) as sock: + sock.settimeout(0.01) # 10ms + + # try numb times before giving up + numb = 5 + for _ in range(numb): + if sock.connect_ex(("127.0.0.1", server_port)) != 0: # port idle + break + server_port = server_port + randint(0, 50) + else: + raise SystemExit(f"Tried {numb} times to no avail, giving up...") + + description = "WIP showcasing a blazing fast dualtext aligner, currrently supported language pairs: en-zh/zh-en for fast-track, other language pairs are handled by slow-track" + + # moved to userguide.rst in docs + article = dedent( + """ + ## NB + * `radiobee aligner` is a sibling of `bumblebee aligner`. To know more about these aligners, please join qq group `316287378`. + * Uploaded files should be in pure text format (txt, md, csv etc). `docx`, `pdf`, `srt`, `html` etc may be supported later on. + * Click "Clear" first for subsequent submits when uploading files. + * `tf_type` `idf_type` `dl_type` `norm`: Normally there is no need to touch these unless you know what you are doing. + * Suggested `esp` and `min_samples` values -- `esp` (minimum epsilon): 8-12, `min_samples`: 4-8. + - Smaller larger `esp` or `min_samples` will result in more aligned pairs but also more **false positives** (pairs + falsely identified as candidates). On the other hand, + larger smaller `esp` or `min_samples` values tend to miss + 'good' pairs. + * If you need to have a better look at the image, you can right-click on the image and select copy-image-address and open a new tab in the browser with the copied image address. + * `Flag`: Should something go wrong, you can click Flag to save the output and inform the developer. + """ + ).strip() + + # "

JoJoGAN: One Shot Face Stylization| Github Repo Pytorch

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samples from repo: animation

" # noqa + + article = dedent( + """

readiobee docs: + readthedocs + or in Chinese but rather short 中文使用说明 +

+ """ + ).strip() + + css_image = ".output_image, .input_image {height: 40rem !important; width: 100% !important;}" + + # css = ".output_image, .input_image {height: 20rem !important; width: 100% !important;}" + + css_input_file = ".input_file {height: 8rem !important; width: 100% !important;}" + + css_output_file = ".output_file {height: 4rem !important; width: 100% !important;}" + + logger.info("running at port %s", server_port) + + _ = """ + inputs = ... + outputs = ... + # properly + # define gradiobee to take inputs and spil out outputs + + iface = gr.Interface( + fn=gradiobee, + inputs, + outputs, + ) + # """ + iface = gr.Interface( + # fn=greet, + # inputs="text", + # fn=process_upload, + # fn=process_2upoads, + # inputs=["file", "file"], + # outputs="text", + # outputs="html", + # fn=fn, + fn=gradiobee, + inputs=inputs, + outputs=outputs, + title="radiobee-aligner🔠", + description=description, + article=article, + examples=examples, + # theme="darkgrass", + theme="grass", + layout="vertical", # horizontal unaligned + allow_flagging="manual", # "auto" + flagging_options=[ + "fatal", + "bug", + "brainstorm", + "excelsior", + ], # "paragon"], + css=f"{css_image} {css_input_file} {css_output_file}", + ) + + iface.launch( + share=False, + # share=True, + debug=debug, + server_name=server_name, + # server_name="127.0.0.1", + server_port=server_port, + # show_tips=True, + enable_queue=True, + # height=150, # 500 + width=900, # 900 + ) + +_ = """ + + ax = sns.heatmap(cmat, cmap="viridis_r") + + ax.invert_yaxis() + ax.set_xlabel(fastlid(df.text1)[0]) + ax.set_xlabel(fastlid(df.text2)[0]) + + # return df, plt + return plt.gca() + +https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Gz9624VeAQLT7wlETgjOjPVURzQckXI0#scrollTo=qibtTvwecgsL colab gradio-file-inputs-upload.ipynb + iface = gr.Interface(plot_text, "file", "image") + +def is_port_in_use(port): + import socket + with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s: + return s.connect_ex(('localhost', port)) == 0 + +socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM).connect_ex(('127.0.0.1', 7911)) + +--- +css https://huggingface.co/spaces/nielsr/LayoutLMv2-FUNSD/blob/main/app.py#L83 + +css = ".output_image, .input_image {height: 40rem !important; width: 100% !important;}" +#css = "@media screen and (max-width: 600px) { .output_image, .input_image {height:20rem !important; width: 100% !important;} }" +# css = ".output_image, .input_image {height: 600px !important}" + +mod = 'en2zh' +packname = packx.__name__ + +globals()[mod] = getattr(importlib.import_module(f"{packname}.{mod}"), mod) + +""" diff --git a/radiobee/align_sents.py b/radiobee/align_sents.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..220d482235f9ab18ddd401d14d6a9583581ba06a --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/align_sents.py @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +"""Align sents via gale-church.""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import List, Tuple # noqa + +import re + +# from itertools import tee +# from more_itertools import ilen +from nltk.translate.gale_church import align_blocks + +from radiobee.amend_avec import amend_avec + + +def align_sents(lst1: List[str], lst2: List[str]) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]: + """Align sents. + + >>> lst1, lst2 = ['a', 'bs',], ['aaa', '34', 'a', 'b'] + """ + if isinstance(lst1, str): + lst1 = [lst1] + + if isinstance(lst2, str): + lst2 = [lst2] + + src_blocks = [len(re.sub(r"\s+", "", elm)) for elm in lst1] + tgt_blocks = [len(re.sub(r"\s+", "", elm)) for elm in lst2] + + avec = align_blocks(src_blocks, tgt_blocks) + + len1, len2 = len(lst1), len(lst2) + # lst1, _ = tee(lst1) + # len1 = ilen(_) + # lst2, _ = tee(lst2) + # len2 = ilen(_) + + amended_avec = amend_avec(avec, len1, len2) + + texts = [] + # for elm in aset: + for elm0, elm1 in amended_avec: + # elm0, elm1, elm2 = elm + _ = [] + + # src_text first + if isinstance(elm0, str): + _.append("") + else: + # _.append(src_text[int(elm0)]) + _.append(lst1[int(elm0)]) + + if isinstance(elm1, str): + _.append("") + else: + # _.append(tgt_text[int(elm0)]) + _.append(lst2[int(elm1)]) + + _a = """ + if isinstance(elm2, str): + _.append("") + else: + _.append(round(elm2, 2)) + # """ + del _a + + texts.append(tuple(_)) + + return texts + + # return ["", ""] diff --git a/radiobee/align_texts.py b/radiobee/align_texts.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4977f5363c87a07f18fac4f58c8e570e483fc468 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/align_texts.py @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +"""Align texts based on aset, src_text, tgt_text.""" +from typing import List, Tuple, Union +from logzero import logger + + +# fmt: off +def align_texts( + aset: List[Tuple[Union[str, float], Union[str, float], Union[str, float]]], + src_text: List[str], + tgt_text: List[str], +) -> List[Tuple[Union[str], Union[str], Union[str, float]]]: + # fmt: on + """Align texts (paras/sents) based on aset, src_text, tgt_text. + + Args: + aset: align set + src_text: source text + tgt_text: target text + + Returns: + aligned texts with possible mertics + """ + xset, yset, metrics = zip(*aset) # unzip aset + xset = [elm for elm in xset if elm != ""] + yset = [elm for elm in yset if elm != ""] + + if (len(xset), len(yset)) != (len(tgt_text), len(src_text)): + logger.warning( + " (%s, %s) != (%s, %s) ", len(xset), len(yset), len(tgt_text), len(src_text) + ) + # raise Exception(" See previous message") + + texts = [] + for elm in aset: + elm0, elm1, elm2 = elm + _ = [] + + # src_text first + if isinstance(elm1, str): + _.append("") + else: + _.append(src_text[int(elm1)]) + + if isinstance(elm0, str): + _.append("") + else: + _.append(tgt_text[int(elm0)]) + + if isinstance(elm2, str): + _.append("") + else: + _.append(round(elm2, 2)) + + texts.append(tuple(_)) + + # return [("", "", 0.)] + return texts diff --git a/radiobee/amend_avec.py b/radiobee/amend_avec.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0afc589f3193cf7ffaf9c8d404cb26c0ab222538 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/amend_avec.py @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +"""Amend avec from align_block.""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import List, Tuple, Union + +from itertools import zip_longest +from logzero import logger # noqa + +# from radiobee.gen_aset import gen_aset + + +# fmt: off +def amend_avec( + avec: List[Tuple[int, int]], + len0: int = 0, + len1: int = 0, +) -> List[Tuple[Union[int, str], Union[int, str]]]: + # fmt: on + """Amend avec from align_block. + + Rewritten based on gen_aset. + + Args: + avec: list generated by align_block + len0: max first possibe entries + len1: max second entries + Return + nicely amended to include all entries + Raise + None + """ + # empty avec [] + if not avec: + return [*zip_longest(range(len0), range(len1), fillvalue="")] + # empty [[]] + if len(avec) == 1: + if not avec[0]: + return [*zip_longest(range(len0), range(len1), fillvalue="")] + + buff = [] + pos0, pos1 = -1, -1 + for elm in avec: + # elm0, elm1, elm2 = elm + elm0, elm1, *elm2 = elm + elm0 = int(elm0) + elm1 = int(elm1) + interval = max(elm0 - pos0 - 1, elm1 - pos1 - 1) + _ = zip_longest(range(pos0 + 1, elm0), range(pos1 + 1, elm1), [""] * interval, fillvalue="") + buff.extend(_) + buff.append(elm) + pos0, pos1 = elm0, elm1 + + # last batch if any + # elm0, elm1 = tgt_len, src_len + elm0, elm1 = len0, len1 + interval = max(elm0 - pos0 - 1, elm1 - pos1 - 1) + _ = zip_longest(range(pos0 + 1, elm0), range(pos1 + 1, elm1), [""] * interval, fillvalue="") + buff.extend(_) + + return buff diff --git a/radiobee/app.py b/radiobee/app.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1c4c73c610f283695e6358110e5a4e804fdc8f91 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/app.py @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +"""Talk to spaces VM via subprocess.check_output.""" +# import httpx +import subprocess as sp +from shlex import split +import gradio as gr + + +def greet(command): + """Probe vm.""" + try: + out = sp.check_output(split(command), encoding="utf8") + except Exception as e: + out = str(e) + # return "Hello " + name + "!!" + if not (out and out.strip()): + out = "No output, that's all we know." + return out + + +iface = gr.Interface( + fn=greet, + inputs="text", + outputs="text", + examples=[ + "cat /proc/version", + "free # show free memory", + "uname -m", + "df -h .", + "cat /proc/cpuinfo", + ], + title="probe the system", + description="talk to the system via subprocess.check_output ", +) + +# iface.launch(share=True, debug=True) +iface.launch(debug=True) diff --git a/radiobee/cmat2tset.py b/radiobee/cmat2tset.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b1458d601500c0e6e2a85f187e0ac63cabfb4eab --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/cmat2tset.py @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +"""Gen triple-set from a matrix.""" +from typing import List, Tuple, Union # noqa + +import numpy as np +import pandas as pd + + +# fmt: off +def cmat2tset( + cmat1: Union[List[List[float]], np.ndarray, pd.DataFrame], + # thirdcol: bool = True +) -> np.ndarray: + # ) -> List[Union[Tuple[int, int], Tuple[int, int, float]]]: + # fmt: on + """Gen triple-set from a matrix. + + Args + cmat: 2d-array or list, correlation or other metric matrix + # thirdcol: bool, whether to output a third column (max value) + + Returns + Obtain the max and argmax for each column, erase the row afterwards to eliminate one single row that would dominate + every column. + """ + # if isinstance(cmat, list): + cmat = np.array(cmat1) + + if not np.prod(cmat.shape): + raise SystemError("data not 2d...") + + _ = """ + # y00 = range(cmat.shape[1]) # cmat.shape[0] long time wasting bug + + yargmax = cmat.argmax(axis=0) + if thirdcol: + ymax = cmat.max(axis=0) + + res = [*zip(y00, yargmax, ymax)] # type: ignore + # to unzip + # a, b, c = zip(*res) + + return res + + _ = [*zip(y00, yargmax)] # type: ignore + return _ + """ + low_ = cmat.min() - 1 + argmax_max = [] + src_len, tgt_len = cmat.shape # ylim, xlim + for _ in range(min(src_len, tgt_len)): + argmax = int(cmat.argmax()) + row, col = divmod(argmax, tgt_len) + argmax_max.append([col, row, cmat.max()]) # x-axis, y-axis + + # erase row-th row and col-th col of cmat + cmat[row, :] = low_ + cmat[:, col] = low_ + + return np.array(argmax_max) diff --git a/radiobee/detect.py b/radiobee/detect.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3028a687ece551ce39721bc3025599a29b1fac75 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/detect.py @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +"""Detect language via polyglot and fastlid.""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import Any, Callable, List, Optional + +from polyglot.text import Detector +import polyglot.detect.base +from polyglot.detect.base import UnknownLanguage +from fastlid import fastlid + +from logzero import logger + +polyglot.detect.base.logger.setLevel("ERROR") + + +def with_func_attrs(**attrs: Any) -> Callable: + """Define func_attrs.""" + + def with_attrs(fct: Callable) -> Callable: + for key, val in attrs.items(): + setattr(fct, key, val) + return fct + + return with_attrs + + +# @with_func_attrs(set_languages=None) +# def detect(text: str) -> str: +def detect(text: str, set_languages: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> str: + """Detect language via polyglot and fastlid. + + check first with fastlid, if conf < 0.3, check with + + Alternative in detec_alt.py + """ + # if not text.strip(): return "en" + fastlid.set_languages = set_languages + lang, conf = fastlid(text) + detect.lang_conf = lang, conf + if conf >= 0.3 or lang in ["zh"]: + return lang + + try: + langs = [(elm.code[:2], elm.confidence) for elm in Detector(text).languages] + detect.lang_conf = langs + # lang, conf = _[0] + except UnknownLanguage: + if set_languages is None: + def_lang = "en" + else: + # def_lang = set_languages[-1] + def_lang = set_languages[0] + logger.warning(" UnknownLanguage exception: probably snippet too short, setting to %s", def_lang) + langs = [(def_lang, 0)] + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(exc) + langs = [("en", 0)] + + del conf + + # return first enrty's lang + if set_languages is None: + def_lang = langs[0][0] + else: + def_lang = "en" + + # pick the first in Detector(text).languages + + # just to silence pyright + # set_languages_: List[str] = [""] if set_languages is None else set_languages + + for elm in langs: + if elm[0] in set_languages: # type: ignore + def_lang = elm[0] + break + + # set_languages is set + if not isinstance(set_languages, (list, tuple)): + logger.warning("set_languages (%s) ought to be a list/tuple") + + return def_lang diff --git a/radiobee/detect_alt.py b/radiobee/detect_alt.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f777e86090f96b065f699c0f5569d40344b95659 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/detect_alt.py @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +"""Detect language via polyglot and fastlid.""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import Any, Callable, List, Optional + +from polyglot.text import Detector +import polyglot.detect.base +from polyglot.detect.base import UnknownLanguage +from fastlid import fastlid + +from logzero import logger + +polyglot.detect.base.logger.setLevel("ERROR") + + +def with_func_attrs(**attrs: Any) -> Callable: + """Define func_attrs.""" + + def with_attrs(fct: Callable) -> Callable: + for key, val in attrs.items(): + setattr(fct, key, val) + return fct + + return with_attrs + + +# @with_func_attrs(set_languages=None) +# def detect(text: str) -> str: +def detect(text: str, set_languages: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> str: + """Detect language via polyglot and fastlid.""" + # if not text.strip(): return "en" + try: + _ = [(elm.code[:2], elm.confidence) for elm in Detector(text).languages] + detect.lang_conf = _ + lang, conf = _[0] + except UnknownLanguage: + if set_languages is None: + def_lang = "en" + else: + # def_lang = set_languages[-1] + def_lang = set_languages[0] + logger.warning(" UnknownLanguage exception: probably snippet too short, setting to %s", def_lang) + lang, conf = def_lang, 0 + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(exc) + lang, conf = "en", 0 + + del conf + + # if set_languages is None, + # trust polyglot.text.Detector + if set_languages is None: + return lang + + # set_languages is set + if not isinstance(set_languages, (list, tuple)): + logger.warning("set_languages (%s) ought to be a list/tuple") + + if lang in set_languages: + return lang + + # lang not in set_languages, use fastlid + fastlid.set_languages = set_languages + lang, _ = fastlid(text) + + return lang diff --git a/radiobee/docterm_scores.py b/radiobee/docterm_scores.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7d2035d07e9fb3666ca81389b278e8b18346d9a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/docterm_scores.py @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +"""Generate a doc-term score matrix based on textacy.representation.Vectorizer. + +refer also to fast-scores fast_scores.py and gen_model.py (sklearn.feature_extraction.text.TfidfVectorizer). +""" +from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union # noqa +import numpy as np +from itertools import chain +from psutil import virtual_memory +from more_itertools import ilen + +from textacy.representations import Vectorizer +from logzero import logger + +from radiobee.gen_model import gen_model + + +# fmt: off +def docterm_scores( + doc1: Iterable[Iterable[str]], # List[List[str]], + doc2: Iterable[Iterable[str]], + model: Vectorizer = None, + tf_type: str = 'linear', + idf_type: Optional[str] = "smooth", + # dl_type: Optional[str] = "sqrt", # "lucene-style tfidf" + dl_type: Optional[str] = None, # + norm: Optional[str] = "l2", # + "l2" + min_df: Union[int, float] = 1, + max_df: Union[int, float] = 1.0, + max_n_terms: Optional[int] = None, + vocabulary_terms: Optional[Union[Dict[str, int], Iterable[str]]] = None +) -> np.ndarray: + # fmt: on + """Generate a doc-term score matrix based on textacy.representation.Vectorizer. + + Args + doc1: tokenized doc of n1 + doc2: tokenized doc of n2 + model: if None, generate one ad hoc from doc1 and doc2 ("lucene-style tfidf"). + rest: refer to textacy.representation.Vectorizer + Attributes + vectorizer + + Returns + n1 x n2 similarity matrix of float numbers + """ + # make sure doc1/doc2 is of the right typing + try: + for xelm in iter(doc1): + for elm in iter(xelm): + assert isinstance(elm, str) + except AssertionError: + raise AssertionError(" doc1 is not of the typing Iterable[Iterable[str]] ") + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + raise + try: + for xelm in iter(doc2): + for elm in iter(xelm): + assert isinstance(elm, str) + except AssertionError: + raise AssertionError(" doc2 is not of the typing Iterable[Iterable[str]] ") + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + raise + + if model is None: + model = gen_model( + [*chain(doc1, doc2)], + tf_type=tf_type, + idf_type=idf_type, + dl_type=dl_type, + norm=norm, + min_df=min_df, + max_df=max_df, + max_n_terms=max_n_terms, + vocabulary_terms=vocabulary_terms + ) + docterm_scores.model = model + + # a1 = dt.toarray(), a2 = doc_term_matrix.toarray() + # np.all(np.isclose(a1, a2)) + + dt1 = model.transform(doc1) + dt2 = model.transform(doc2) + + # virtual_memory().available / 8: 64bits float + require_ram = ilen(iter(doc1)) * ilen(iter(doc2)) * 8 + if require_ram > virtual_memory().available: + logger.warning("virtual_memory().available: %s", virtual_memory().available) + logger.warning("memory required: %s", require_ram) + + if require_ram > virtual_memory().available * 10: + logger.warning("You'll likely encounter memory problem, such as slow down response and/or OOM.") + + # return dt1.doc(dt2.T) + return dt2.toarray().dot(dt1.toarray().T) diff --git a/radiobee/en2zh.py b/radiobee/en2zh.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bf89b0f55153fad4b0ca8a303d2acb5b53bd28a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/en2zh.py @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +"""Translate english to chinese via a dict.""" +# from typing import List, Union +from typing import Iterable, List, Union + +import warnings + +import copy +from radiobee.mdx_e2c import mdx_e2c + +warnings.simplefilter('ignore', DeprecationWarning) + + +# fmt: off +def en2zh( + # text: Union[str, List[List[str]]], + # text: Union[str, List[str]], + text: Union[str, Iterable[str]], +) -> List[str]: + # fmt: on + """Translate english to chinese via a dict. + + Args + text: to translate, list of str + + Returns + res: list of str + """ + res = copy.deepcopy(text) + if isinstance(text, str): + # res = [text.split()] + res = [text] + + # if res and isinstance(res[0], str): + # res = [line.lower().split() for line in res] + + # res = ["".join([word_tr(word) for word in line]) for line in res] + _ = [] + for line in res: + line_tr = [mdx_e2c(word) for word in line.split()] + _.append("".join(line_tr)) + + return _ diff --git a/radiobee/en2zh_tokens.pyc b/radiobee/en2zh_tokens.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5069398cbfe5ae0e0beb3b9e9366867d932eec7a Binary files /dev/null and b/radiobee/en2zh_tokens.pyc differ diff --git a/radiobee/error_msg.py b/radiobee/error_msg.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6ec192f421abf47091d17941e19b7f4821531f85 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/error_msg.py @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +"""Prepare an error message for gradiobee.""" +from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union +import pandas as pd + + +def error_msg( + msg: Optional[Union[str, Exception]], + title: str = "error message", +) -> Tuple[Union[pd.DataFrame, None], None, None, None, None, None]: + """Prepare an error message for gradiobee outputs.""" + if msg is None: + msg = "none..." + + try: + msg = msg.__str__() + except Exception as exc: + msg = str(exc) + + df = pd.DataFrame([msg], columns=[title]) + + # return df, *((None,) * 4) # pyright complains + return df, None, None, None, None, None diff --git a/radiobee/file2text.py b/radiobee/file2text.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..88ea13868c2c60d72a68fcff8df5b4f807cddf80 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/file2text.py @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +"""Convert file to text.""" +from radiobee.process_upload import process_upload + + +def file2text(file1): + """Convert file to text.""" + try: + filename1 = file1.name + except AttributeError: + filename1 = "" + if filename1: + text1 = process_upload(file1) + else: + text1 = "" + return text1 diff --git a/radiobee/files2df.py b/radiobee/files2df.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..54d38bbf3f7cdbd207ca41bc3d2ca8cd9cb20120 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/files2df.py @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +"""Convert two iesl to pandas.DataFrame.""" +from itertools import zip_longest +# import tempfile +import pandas as pd +from radiobee.process_upload import process_upload + + +def files2df(file1, file2): + """Convert two files to pd.DataFrame.""" + text1 = [_.strip() for _ in process_upload(file1).splitlines() if _.strip()] + + # if file2 is tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper: + try: + filename = file2.name + except AttributeError: + filename = "" + if filename: + text2 = [_.strip() for _ in process_upload(file2).splitlines() if _.strip()] + else: + text2 = [""] + + text1, text2 = zip(*zip_longest(text1, text2, fillvalue="")) + + df = pd.DataFrame({"text1": text1, "text2": text2}) + + return df + + +_ = """ + # return tabulate(df) + # return tabulate(df, tablefmt="grid") + # return tabulate(df, tablefmt='html') +# """ diff --git a/radiobee/gen_aset.py b/radiobee/gen_aset.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9263ec4d293df8ddc787c2fb82cbd4a2bb63c84f --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gen_aset.py @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +"""Genereat align set (aset) based on pset (pair set), src_lang and tgt_len.""" +from typing import List, Tuple, Union +from itertools import zip_longest + +# from logzero import logger + + +# fmt: off +def gen_aset( + pset: List[Tuple[Union[str, float], Union[str, float], Union[str, float]]], + src_len: int, # n_rows + tgt_len: int, # n_cols +) -> List[Tuple[Union[str, float], Union[str, float], Union[str, float]]]: + # fmt: on + """Genereat align set (aset) based on pset, src_lang and tgt_len. + + src_len, tgt_len = cmat.shape + zip_longest(..., fillvalue="") + + Args: + pset: [x(lang2 zh), y(lang1 en), cos] + src_len: lang1 (en) + tgt_len: lang2 (zh) + + Returns: + aset: + [0...tgt_len, 0...src_len] + [0, 0, .] + ... + [tgt_len-1, src_len-1, .] + """ + # empty pset [] + if not pset: + return [*zip_longest(range(tgt_len), range(src_len), fillvalue="")] + # empty [[]] + if len(pset) == 1: + if not pset[0]: + return [*zip_longest(range(tgt_len), range(src_len), fillvalue="")] + + buff = [] + pos0, pos1 = -1, -1 + for elm in pset: + # elm0, elm1, elm2 = elm + elm0, elm1, *elm2 = elm + elm0 = int(elm0) + elm1 = int(elm1) + interval = max(elm0 - pos0 - 1, elm1 - pos1 - 1) + _ = zip_longest(range(pos0 + 1, elm0), range(pos1 + 1, elm1), [""] * interval, fillvalue="") + buff.extend(_) + buff.append(elm) + pos0, pos1 = elm0, elm1 + + # last batch if any + elm0, elm1 = tgt_len, src_len + interval = max(elm0 - pos0 - 1, elm1 - pos1 - 1) + _ = zip_longest(range(pos0 + 1, elm0), range(pos1 + 1, elm1), [""] * interval, fillvalue="") + buff.extend(_) + + return buff diff --git a/radiobee/gen_eps_minsamples.py b/radiobee/gen_eps_minsamples.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4c5f992705cfc513359d3e24ba4c11ec742ad9ab --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gen_eps_minsamples.py @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +"""Gen suggested eps min_samples.""" + + +def gen_eps_minsamples(src_len: int, tgt_len: int) -> dict: + """Gen suggested eps min_samples.""" + eps = src_len * 0.01 + if eps < 3: + eps = 3 + + min_samples = tgt_len / 100 * 0.5 + if min_samples < 3: + min_samples = 3 + return {"eps": eps, "min_samples": min_samples} diff --git a/radiobee/gen_model.py b/radiobee/gen_model.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d937a6c63565fe3dc774baa5c8aed9b8bf0276a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gen_model.py @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ +"""Generate a model (textacy.representations.Vectorizer). + +vectorizer = Vectorizer( + tf_type="linear", idf_type="smooth", norm="l2", + min_df=3, max_df=0.95) +doc_term_matrix = vectorizer.fit_transform(tokenized_docs) +doc_term_matrix + +tokenized_docs = [insert_spaces(elm).split() for elm in textzh] +""" +from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union # noqa + +from textacy.representations import Vectorizer +from logzero import logger + + +# fmt: off +def gen_model( + tokenized_docs: Iterable[Iterable[str]], # List[List[str]], + tf_type: str = 'linear', + idf_type: Optional[str] = "smooth", + dl_type: str = None, # Optional[str] = "sqrt" “lucene-style tfidf” + norm: Optional[str] = "l2", # + "l2" + min_df: Union[int, float] = 1, + max_df: Union[int, float] = 1.0, + max_n_terms: Optional[int] = None, + vocabulary_terms: Optional[Union[Dict[str, int], Iterable[str]]] = None +) -> Vectorizer: + # fmt: on + """Generate a model (textacy.representations.Vectorizer). + + Args: + doc: tokenized docs + + (refer to textacy.representation.Vectorizer) + tf_type: Type of term frequency (tf) to use for weights' local component: + + - "linear": tf (tfs are already linear, so left as-is) + - "sqrt": tf => sqrt(tf) + - "log": tf => log(tf) + 1 + - "binary": tf => 1 + + idf_type: Type of inverse document frequency (idf) to use for weights' + global component: + + - "standard": idf = log(n_docs / df) + 1.0 + - "smooth": idf = log(n_docs + 1 / df + 1) + 1.0, i.e. 1 is added + to all document frequencies, as if a single document containing + every unique term was added to the corpus. + - "bm25": idf = log((n_docs - df + 0.5) / (df + 0.5)), which is + a form commonly used in information retrieval that allows for + very common terms to receive negative weights. + - None: no global weighting is applied to local term weights. + + dl_type: Type of document-length scaling to use for weights' + normalization component: + + - "linear": dl (dls are already linear, so left as-is) + - "sqrt": dl => sqrt(dl) + - "log": dl => log(dl) + - None: no normalization is applied to local(*global?) weights + + norm: If "l1" or "l2", normalize weights by the L1 or L2 norms, respectively, + of row-wise vectors; otherwise, don't. + min_df: Minimum number of documents in which a term must appear for it to be + included in the vocabulary and as a column in a transformed doc-term matrix. + If float, value is the fractional proportion of the total number of docs, + which must be in [0.0, 1.0]; if int, value is the absolute number. + max_df: Maximum number of documents in which a term may appear for it to be + included in the vocabulary and as a column in a transformed doc-term matrix. + If float, value is the fractional proportion of the total number of docs, + which must be in [0.0, 1.0]; if int, value is the absolute number. + max_n_terms: If specified, only include terms whose document frequency is within + the top ``max_n_terms``. + vocabulary_terms: Mapping of unique term string to unique term id, or + an iterable of term strings that gets converted into such a mapping. + Note that, if specified, vectorized outputs will include *only* these terms. + + “lucene-style tfidf”: Adds a doc-length normalization to the usual local and global components. + Params: tf_type="linear", apply_idf=True, idf_type="smooth", apply_dl=True, dl_type="sqrt" + + “lucene-style bm25”: Uses a smoothed idf instead of the classic bm25 variant to prevent weights on terms from going negative. + Params: tf_type="bm25", apply_idf=True, idf_type="smooth", apply_dl=True, dl_type="linear" + Attributes: + doc_term_matrix + Returns: + transform_fit'ted vectorizer + """ + # make sure tokenized_docs is the right typing + try: + for xelm in iter(tokenized_docs): + for elm in iter(xelm): + assert isinstance(elm, str) + except AssertionError: + raise AssertionError(" tokenized_docs is not of the typing Iterable[Iterable[str]] ") + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + raise + + vectorizer = Vectorizer( + # tf_type="linear", idf_type="smooth", norm="l2", min_df=3, max_df=0.95) + tf_type=tf_type, + idf_type=idf_type, + dl_type=dl_type, + norm=norm, + min_df=min_df, + max_df=max_df, + max_n_terms=max_n_terms, + vocabulary_terms=vocabulary_terms + ) + doc_term_matrix = vectorizer.fit_transform(tokenized_docs) + + gen_model.doc_term_matrix = doc_term_matrix + + return vectorizer diff --git a/radiobee/gen_pset.py b/radiobee/gen_pset.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..03241a85298e29f536a60bc28d116562940ef551 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gen_pset.py @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ +"""Gne pset from cmat. Find pairs for a given cmat. + +tinybee.find_pairs.py with fixed estimator='dbscan' eps=eps, min_samples=min_samples +""" +from typing import List, Tuple, Union + +import numpy as np +import pandas as pd +from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN +import logzero +from logzero import logger +from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset +from radiobee.interpolate_pset import interpolate_pset + + +def _gen_pset( + cmat1: Union[List[List[float]], np.ndarray, pd.DataFrame], + eps: float = 10, + min_samples: int = 6, + delta: float = 7, + verbose: Union[bool, int] = False, + # ) -> List[Tuple[int, int, Union[float, str]]]: +) -> List[Tuple[Union[float, str], Union[float, str], Union[float, str]]]: + """Gen pset from cmat. + Find pairs for a given cmat. + + Args: + cmat: correlation/similarity matrix + eps: min epsilon for DBSCAN (10) + min_samples: minimum # of samples for DBSCAN (6) + delta: tolerance (7) + + Returns: + pairs + "" or metric (float) + + dbscan_pairs' setup + if eps is None: + eps = src_len * .01 + if eps < 3: + eps = 3 + if min_samples is None: + min_samples = tgt_len / 100 * 0.5 + if min_samples < 3: + min_samples = 3 + + def gen_eps_minsamples(src_len, tgt_len): + eps = src_len * .01 + if eps < 3: + eps = 3 + + min_samples = tgt_len / 100 * 0.5 + if min_samples < 3: + min_samples = 3 + return {"eps": eps, "min_samples": min_samples} + + """ + if isinstance(verbose, bool): + if verbose: + verbose = 10 + else: + verbose = 20 + logzero.loglevel(verbose) + + # if isinstance(cmat, list): + cmat = np.array(cmat1) + + src_len, tgt_len = cmat.shape + + # tset = cmat2tset(cmat) + tset = cmat2tset(cmat).tolist() + + logger.debug("tset: %s", tset) + + # iset = gen_iset(cmat, verbose=verbose, estimator=estimator) + labels = DBSCAN(eps=eps, min_samples=min_samples).fit(tset).labels_ + + df_tset = pd.DataFrame(tset, columns=["x", "y", "cos"]) + cset = df_tset[labels > -1].to_numpy() + + # sort cset + _ = sorted(cset.tolist(), key=lambda x: x[0]) + iset = interpolate_pset(_, tgt_len) + + # *_, ymax = zip(*tset) + # ymax = list(ymax) + # low_ = np.min(ymax) - 1 # reset to minimum_value - 1 + + buff = [(-1, -1, ""), (tgt_len, src_len, "")] + # for _ in range(tgt_len): + for idx, tset_elm in enumerate(tset): + logger.debug("buff: %s", buff) + # postion max in ymax and insert in buff + # if with range given by iset+-delta and + # it's valid (do not exceed constraint + # by neighboring points + + # argmax = int(np.argmax(ymax)) + + # logger.debug("=== %s,%s === %s", _, argmax, tset[_]) + logger.debug("=== %s === %s", _, tset_elm) + + # ymax[_] = low_ + # elm = tset[argmax] + # elm0, *_ = elm + + elm0, *_ = tset_elm + + # position elm in buff + idx = -1 # for making pyright happy + for idx, loc in enumerate(buff): + if loc[0] > elm0: + break + else: + idx += 1 # last + + # insert elm in for valid elm + # (within range inside two neighboring points) + + # pos = int(tset[argmax][0]) + pos = int(tset_elm[0]) + logger.debug(" %s <=> %s ", tset_elm, iset[pos]) + + # if abs(tset[argmax][1] - iset[pos][1]) <= delta: + if abs(tset_elm[1] - iset[pos][1]) <= delta: + if tset_elm[1] > buff[idx - 1][1] and tset_elm[1] < buff[idx][1]: + buff.insert(idx, tset_elm) + logger.debug("idx: %s, tset_elm: %s", idx, tset_elm) + else: + logger.debug("\t***\t idx: %s, tset_elm: %s", idx, tset_elm) + _ = """ + if abs(tset[loc][1] - iset[loc][1]) <= delta: + if tset[loc][1] > buff[idx][1] and tset[loc][1] < buff[idx + 1][1]: + buff.insert(idx + 1, tset[loc]) + # """ + + # remove first and last entry in buff + buff.pop(0) + buff.pop() + + # return [(1, 1, "")] + return [(int(elm0), int(elm1), elm2) for elm0, elm1, elm2 in buff] + + +def gen_pset( + cmat1: Union[List[List[float]], np.ndarray, pd.DataFrame], + eps: float = 10, + min_samples: int = 6, + delta: float = 7, + verbose: Union[bool, int] = False, +) -> List[Tuple[Union[float, str], Union[float, str], Union[float, str]]]: + """Gen pset. + + Refer to _gen_pset. + """ + gen_pset.min_samples = min_samples + for min_s in range(min_samples): + logger.debug(" min_samples, try %s", min_samples - min_s) + try: + pset = _gen_pset( + cmat1, + eps=eps, + min_samples=min_samples - min_s, + delta=delta, + ) + break + except ValueError: + logger.debug(" decrease min_samples by %s", min_s + 1) + continue + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + continue + else: + # break should happen above when min_samples = 2 + raise Exception("bummer, this shouldn't happen, probably another bug") + + # store new min_samples + gen_pset.min_samples = min_samples - min_s + + return pset diff --git a/radiobee/gen_row_alignment.py b/radiobee/gen_row_alignment.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c569095eb2a7c810e332411c422dbbe23a4404f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gen_row_alignment.py @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +"""Gen proper alignment for a given triple_set. + +cmat = fetch_sent_corr(src, tgt) +src_len, tgt_len = np.array(cmat).shape +r_ali = gen_row_alignment(cmat, tgt_len, src_len) # note the order +src[r_ali[1]], tgt[r_ali[0]], r_ali[2] + +or !!! (targer, source) +cmat = fetch_sent_corr(tgt, src) # note the order +src_len, tgt_len = np.array(cmat).shape +r_ali = gen_row_alignment(cmat, src_len, tgt_len) +src[r_ali[0]], tgt[r_ali[1]], r_ali[2] + +--- +src_txt = 'data/wu_ch2_en.txt' +tgt_txt = 'data/wu_ch2_zh.txt' + +assert Path(src_txt).exists() +assert Path(tgt_txt).exists() + +src_text, _ = load_paras(src_txt) +tgt_text, _ = load_paras(tgt_txt) + +cos_matrix = gen_cos_matrix(src_text, tgt_text) +t_set, m_matrix = find_aligned_pairs(cos_matrix0, thr=0.4, matrix=True) + +resu = gen_row_alignment(t_set, src_len, tgt_len) +resu = np.array(resu) + +idx = -1 +idx += 1; (resu[idx], src_text[int(resu[idx, 0])], + tgt_text[int(resu[idx, 1])]) if all(resu[idx]) else resu[idx] + +idx += 1; i0, i1, i2 = resu[idx]; '***' if i0 == '' +else src_text[int(i0)], '***' if i1 == '' else tgt_text[int(i1)], '' +if i2 == '' else i2 +""" +# pylint: disable=line-too-long +from typing import List, Union + +# natural extrapolation with slope equal to 1 +from itertools import zip_longest as zip_longest_middle + +import numpy as np + +from logzero import logger + +# from tinybee.zip_longest_middle import zip_longest_middle + +# from tinybee.zip_longest_middle import zip_longest_middle +# from tinybee.find_pairs import find_pairs + +# logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) +# logger.addHandler(logging.NullHandler()) + + +def gen_row_alignment( # pylint: disable=too-many-locals + t_set, + src_len, + tgt_len, + # ) -> List[Tuple[Union[str, int], Union[str, int], Union[str, float]]]: +) -> List[List[Union[str, float]]]: + """Gen proper rows for given triple_set. + + Arguments: + [t_set {np.array or list}] -- [nll matrix] + [src_len {int}] -- numb of source texts (para/sents) + [tgt_len {int}] -- numb of target texts (para/sents) + + Returns: + [np.array] -- [proper rows] + """ + t_set = np.array(t_set, dtype="object") + + # len0 = src_len + + # len1 tgt text length, must be provided + len1 = tgt_len + + # rearrange t_set as buff in increasing order + buff = [[-1, -1, ""]] # + idx_t = 0 + # for elm in t_set: + # start with bigger value from the 3rd col + + y00, yargmax, ymax = zip(*t_set) + ymax_ = np.array(ymax).copy() + reset_v = np.min(ymax_) - 1 + for count in range(tgt_len): + argmax = np.argmax(ymax_) + # reset + ymax_[argmax] = reset_v + idx_t = argmax + elm = t_set[idx_t] + logger.debug("%s: %s, %s", count, idx_t, elm) + + # find loc to insert + elm0, elm1, elm2 = elm + idx = -1 + for idx, loc in enumerate(buff): + if loc[0] > elm0: + break + else: + idx += 1 # last + + # make sure elm1 is within the range + # prev elm1 < elm1 < next elm1 + if elm1 > buff[idx - 1][1]: + try: # overflow possible (idx + 1 in # last) + next_elm = buff[idx][1] + except IndexError: + next_elm = len1 + if elm1 < next_elm: + # insert '' if necessary + # using zip_longest_middle + buff.insert( + idx, [elm0, elm1, elm2], + ) + # logger.debug('---') + + idx_t += 1 + # if idx_t == 24: # 20: + # break + + # remove [-1, -1] + # buff.pop(0) + # buff = np.array(buff, dtype='object') + + # take care of the tail + buff += [[src_len, tgt_len, ""]] + + resu = [] + # merit = [] + + for idx, elm in enumerate(buff[1:]): + idx1 = idx + 1 + elm0_, elm1_, elm2_ = buff[idx1 - 1] # idx starts from 0 + elm0, elm1, elm2 = elm + del elm2_, elm2 + + tmp0 = zip_longest_middle( + list(range(elm0_ + 1, elm0)), list(range(elm1_ + 1, elm1)), fillvalue="", + ) + # convet to list entries & attache merit + tmp = [list(t_elm) + [""] for t_elm in tmp0] + + # update resu + resu += tmp + [buff[idx1]] + + # remove the last entry + return resu[:-1] diff --git a/radiobee/gen_vector.py b/radiobee/gen_vector.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1dc4f899f8a699c00f2b0a6affe1494838a6ee79 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gen_vector.py @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +"""gen tokens for english or chinese text for a given model.""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import List, Union + +from textacy.representations import Vectorizer +from radiobee.insert_spaces import insert_spaces +# from radiobee.gen_model import gen_model + + +def gen_vector(text: Union[str, List[str]], model: Vectorizer) -> List[float]: + """Gen vector for a give model. + + Args: + text: string of Chinese chars or English words. + + filename = r"data\test-dual.txt" + text = loadtext(filename) + list1, list2 = zip(*text2lists(text)) + model = gen_model(list1) + """ + if isinstance(text, str): + vec = insert_spaces(text).split() + + return model.transform(vec) + + # already same tokens as used to gen_model + return model.transform(text) diff --git a/radiobee/gradiobee.py b/radiobee/gradiobee.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e435bb3e24a9445c028a3c3124a9c53f80a73138 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/gradiobee.py @@ -0,0 +1,416 @@ +"""Gradiobee.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name +from pathlib import Path +import platform +import inspect +from itertools import zip_longest + +# import tempfile + +from logzero import logger +from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN +from fastlid import fastlid + +import numpy as np +import pandas as pd +import matplotlib +import matplotlib.pyplot as plt +import seaborn as sns + +# from radiobee.process_upload import process_upload +from radiobee.files2df import files2df +from radiobee.file2text import file2text +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat +from radiobee.gen_pset import gen_pset +from radiobee.gen_aset import gen_aset +from radiobee.align_texts import align_texts +from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset +from radiobee.trim_df import trim_df +from radiobee.error_msg import error_msg +from radiobee.text2lists import text2lists + +uname = platform.uname() +HFSPACES = False +if "amzn2" in uname.release: # on hf spaces + HFSPACES = True + import SentenceTransformer + model_s = SentenceTransformer('sentence-transformers/distiluse-base-multilingual-cased-v1') +sns.set() +sns.set_style("darkgrid") +pd.options.display.float_format = "{:,.2f}".format + +debug = False +debug = True + + +def gradiobee( + file1, + file2, + tf_type, + idf_type, + dl_type, + norm, + eps, + min_samples, + # debug=False, +): + """Process inputs and return outputs.""" + logger.debug(" *debug* ") + + # possible further switchse + # para_sent: para/sent + # sent_ali: default/radio/gale-church + plot_dia = True # noqa + + # outputs: check return + # if outputs is modified, also need to modify error_msg's outputs + + # convert "None" to None for those Radio types + for _ in [idf_type, dl_type, norm]: + if _ in "None": + _ = None + + # logger.info("file1: *%s*, file2: *%s*", file1, file2) + if file2 is not None: + logger.info("file1.name: *%s*, file2.name: *%s*", file1.name, file2.name) + else: + logger.info("file1.name: *%s*, file2: *%s*", file1.name, file2) + + # bypass if file1 or file2 is str input + # if not (isinstance(file1, str) or isinstance(file2, str)): + text1 = file2text(file1) + + if file2 is None: + logger.debug("file2 is None") + text2 = "" + + # TODO split text1 to text1 and text2 + else: + logger.debug("file2.name: %s", file2.name) + text2 = file2text(file2) + + # if not text1.strip() or not text2.strip(): + if not text1.strip(): + msg = ( + "file 1 is apparently empty... Upload a none empty file and try again." + # f"text1[:10]: [{text1[:10]}], " + # f"text2[:10]: [{text2[:10]}]" + ) + return error_msg(msg) + + # single file + # when text2 is empty + # process file1/text1: split text1 to text1 text2 to zh-en + + len_max = 2000 + if not text2.strip(): # empty file2 + _ = [elm.strip() for elm in text1.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + if not _: # essentially empty file1 + return error_msg("Nothing worthy of processing in file 1") + + # exit if there are too many lines + if len(_) > len_max: + return error_msg(f" Too many lines ({len(_)}) > {len_max}, alignment op halted, sorry.", "info") + + _ = zip_longest(_, [""]) + _ = pd.DataFrame(_, columns=["text1", "text2"]) + df_trimmed = trim_df(_) + + # text1 = loadtext("data/test-dual.txt") + list1, list2 = text2lists(text1) + + lang1 = text2lists.lang1 + lang2 = text2lists.lang2 + offset = text2lists.offset # noqa + + _ = """ + ax = sns.heatmap(lists2cmat(list1, list2), cmap="gist_earth_r") # ax=plt.gca() + ax.invert_yaxis() + ax.set( + xlabel=lang1, + ylabel=lang2, + title=f"cos similary heatmap \n(offset={offset})", + ) + plt_loc = "img/plt.png" + plt.savefig(plt_loc) + # """ + + # output_plot = plt_loc # for gr.outputs.Image + + # + _ = zip_longest(list1, list2, fillvalue="") + df_aligned = pd.DataFrame( + _, + columns=["text1", "tex2"] + ) + + file_dl = Path(f"{Path(file1.name).stem[:-8]}-{lang1}-{lang2}.csv") + file_dl_xlsx = Path( + f"{Path(file1.name).stem[:-8]}-{lang1}-{lang2}.xlsx" + ) + + # return df_trimmed, output_plot, file_dl, file_dl_xlsx, df_aligned + + # end if single file + # not single file + else: # file1 file 2: proceed + fastlid.set_languages = None + lang1, _ = fastlid(text1) + lang2, _ = fastlid(text2) + + df1 = files2df(file1, file2) + + list1 = [elm for elm in df1.text1 if elm] + list2 = [elm for elm in df1.text2 if elm] + # len1 = len(list1) # noqa + # len2 = len(list2) # noqa + + # exit if there are too many lines + len12 = len(list1) + len(list2) + if len12 > 2 * len_max: + return error_msg(f" Too many lines ({len(list1)} + {len(list2)} > {2 * len_max}), alignment op halted, sorry.", "info") + + file_dl = Path(f"{Path(file1.name).stem[:-8]}-{Path(file2.name).stem[:-8]}.csv") + file_dl_xlsx = Path( + f"{Path(file1.name).stem[:-8]}-{Path(file2.name).stem[:-8]}.xlsx" + ) + + df_trimmed = trim_df(df1) + # --- end else single + + lang_en_zh = ["en", "zh"] + + logger.debug("lang1: %s, lang2: %s", lang1, lang2) + if debug: + print("gradiobee.py ln 82 lang1: %s, lang2: %s" % (lang1, lang2)) + print("fast track? ", lang1 in lang_en_zh and lang2 in lang_en_zh) + + # fast track + if lang1 in lang_en_zh and lang2 in lang_en_zh: + try: + cmat = lists2cmat( + list1, + list2, + tf_type=tf_type, + idf_type=idf_type, + dl_type=dl_type, + norm=norm, + ) + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(exc) + return error_msg(exc) + # slow track + else: + if len(list1) + len(list2) > 200: + msg = ( + "This will take too long (> 2 minutes) to complete " + "and will hog this experimental server and hinder " + "other users from trying the service. " + "Aborted...sorry" + ) + return error_msg(msg, "info ") + try: + vec1 = model_s.encode(list1) + vec2 = model_s.encode(list2) + cmat = vec1.dot(vec2.T) + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(exc) + return error_msg(f"{exc}, {__file__} {inspect.currentframe().f_lineno}, period") + + tset = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(cmat)) + tset.columns = ["x", "y", "cos"] + + _ = """ + df_trimmed = pd.concat( + [ + df1.iloc[:4, :], + pd.DataFrame( + [ + [ + "...", + "...", + ] + ], + columns=df1.columns, + ), + df1.iloc[-4:, :], + ], + ignore_index=1, + ) + # """ + + # process list1, list2 to obtained df_aligned + # quick fix ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected at least 1, got 0) + # fixed in gen_pet, but we leave the loop here + for min_s in range(min_samples): + logger.info(" min_samples, using %s", min_samples - min_s) + try: + pset = gen_pset( + cmat, + eps=eps, + min_samples=min_samples - min_s, + delta=7, + ) + break + except ValueError: + logger.info(" decrease min_samples by %s", min_s + 1) + continue + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + continue + else: + # break should happen above when min_samples = 2 + raise Exception("bummer, this shouldn't happen, probably another bug") + + min_samples = gen_pset.min_samples + + # will result in error message: + # UserWarning: Starting a Matplotlib GUI outside of + # the main thread will likely fail." + _ = """ + plot_cmat( + cmat, + eps=eps, + min_samples=min_samples, + xlabel=lang1, + ylabel=lang2, + ) + # """ + + # move plot_cmat's code to the main thread here + # to make it work + xlabel = lang1 + ylabel = lang2 + + len1, len2 = cmat.shape + ylim, xlim = len1, len2 + + # does not seem to show up + logger.debug(" len1 (ylim): %s, len2 (xlim): %s", len1, len2) + if debug: + print(f" len1 (ylim): {len1}, len2 (xlim): {len2}") + + df_ = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(cmat)) + df_.columns = ["x", "y", "cos"] + + sns.set() + sns.set_style("darkgrid") + + # close all existing figures, necesssary for hf spaces + plt.close("all") + + # if sys.platform not in ["win32", "linux"]: + # going for noninterative + # to cater for Mac, thanks to WhiteFox + plt.switch_backend("Agg") + + # figsize=(13, 8), (339, 212) mm on '1280x800+0+0' + fig = plt.figure(figsize=(13, 8)) + + # gs = fig.add_gridspec(2, 2, wspace=0.4, hspace=0.58) + gs = fig.add_gridspec(1, 2, wspace=0.4, hspace=0.58) + ax_heatmap = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0]) # ax2 + ax0 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1]) + # ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0]) + + cmap = "viridis_r" + sns.heatmap(cmat, cmap=cmap, ax=ax_heatmap).invert_yaxis() + ax_heatmap.set_xlabel(xlabel) + ax_heatmap.set_ylabel(ylabel) + ax_heatmap.set_title("cos similarity heatmap") + + fig.suptitle(f"alignment projection\n(eps={eps}, min_samples={min_samples})") + + _ = DBSCAN(min_samples=min_samples, eps=eps).fit(df_).labels_ > -1 + # _x = DBSCAN(min_samples=min_samples, eps=eps).fit(df_).labels_ < 0 + _x = ~_ + + # max cos along columns + df_.plot.scatter("x", "y", c="cos", cmap=cmap, ax=ax0) + + # outliers + df_[_x].plot.scatter("x", "y", c="r", marker="x", alpha=0.6, ax=ax0) + ax0.set_xlabel(xlabel) + ax0.set_ylabel(ylabel) + ax0.set_xlim(xmin=0, xmax=xlim) + ax0.set_ylim(ymin=0, ymax=ylim) + ax0.set_title( + "max along columns (x: outliers)\n" + "potential aligned pairs (green line), " + f"{round(sum(_) / xlim, 2):.0%}" + ) + + plt_loc = "img/plt.png" + plt.savefig(plt_loc) + + # clustered + # df_[_].plot.scatter("x", "y", c="cos", cmap=cmap, ax=ax1) + # ax1.set_xlabel(xlabel) + # ax1.set_ylabel(ylabel) + # ax1.set_xlim(0, len1) + # ax1.set_title(f"potential aligned pairs ({round(sum(_) / len1, 2):.0%})") + # end of plot_cmat + + src_len, tgt_len = cmat.shape + aset = gen_aset(pset, src_len, tgt_len) + final_list = align_texts(aset, list2, list1) # note the order + + # df_aligned + df_aligned = pd.DataFrame(final_list, columns=["text1", "text2", "likelihood"]) + + # swap text1 text2 + df_aligned = df_aligned[["text2", "text1", "likelihood"]] + df_aligned.columns = ["text1", "text2", "likelihood"] + + # round the last column to 2 + # df_aligned.likelihood = df_aligned.likelihood.round(2) + # df_aligned = df_aligned.round({"likelihood": 2}) + + # df_aligned.likelihood = df_aligned.likelihood.apply(lambda x: np.nan if x in [""] else x) + + if len(df_aligned) > 200: + df_html = None + else: # show a one-bathc table in html + # style + styled = df_aligned.style.set_properties( + **{ + "font-size": "10pt", + "border-color": "black", + "border": "1px black solid !important" + } + # border-color="black", + ).set_table_styles([{ + "selector": "", # noqs + "props": [("border", "2px black solid !important")]}] # noqs + ).format( + precision=2 + ) + # .bar(subset="likelihood", color="#5fba7d") + + # .background_gradient("Greys") + + # df_html = df_aligned.to_html() + df_html = styled.to_html() + + # === + if plot_dia: + output_plot = "img/plt.png" + else: + output_plot = None + + _ = df_aligned.to_csv(index=False) + file_dl.write_text(_, encoding="utf8") + + # file_dl.write_text(_, encoding="gb2312") # no go + df_aligned.to_excel(file_dl_xlsx) + + # return df_trimmed, plt + + # return df_trimmed, plt, file_dl, file_dl_xlsx, df_aligned + + # output_plot: gr.outputs.Image(type="auto", label="...") + # return df_trimmed, output_plot, file_dl, file_dl_xlsx, df_aligned + # return df_trimmed, output_plot, file_dl, file_dl_xlsx, styled, df_html # gradio cant handle style + return df_trimmed, output_plot, file_dl, file_dl_xlsx, df_aligned, df_html + + # modi outputs diff --git a/radiobee/insert_spaces.py b/radiobee/insert_spaces.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..30ade20cbe586a33edd65559dbce760cd43c524b --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/insert_spaces.py @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +"""Insert spaces, mypython/split_chinese.py.""" +import re + + +def insert_spaces(text: str) -> str: + """Insert space in Chinese characters. + + >>> insert_spaces("test亨利it四世上") + ' test 亨 利 it 四 世 上 ' + >>> insert_spaces("test亨利it四世上").strip().__len__() + 17 + + """ + return re.sub(r"(?<=[a-zA-Z\d]) (?=[a-zA-Z\d])", "", text.replace("", " ")) diff --git a/radiobee/interpolate_pset.py b/radiobee/interpolate_pset.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1bed664f99d8964e1f8b51dc96fc55ff7c67e432 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/interpolate_pset.py @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +"""Interpolate np.nan.""" +from typing import List, Tuple +import numpy as np +import pandas as pd + + +# fmt: off +def interpolate_pset( + pairs: List[Tuple[int, int, float]], + tgt_len: int, + method: str = 'linear', + limit_direction: str = 'both', +) -> List[Tuple[int, int]]: + # fmt: on + """Interpolate. + + Args: + pairs: integer pairs, some np.nan + tgt_len: over 0...tgt_len-1 (x-axis, cmat.shape[1]) + method: for use in pd.DataFrame.interpolate + limit_direction: for use in pd.DataFrame.interpolate + Returns: + np.nan converted + """ + y00, *_ = zip(*pairs) + + res = [] + for idx in range(tgt_len): + if idx in y00: + loc = y00.index(idx) + res.append(tuple(pairs[loc][:2])) + else: + res.append((idx, np.nan)) + + df = pd.DataFrame(res, columns=["y00", "yargmax"]) + _ = df.interpolate(method=method, limit_direction=limit_direction, axis=0) + + _ = _.to_numpy(dtype=int) + _ = [(int(elm0), int(elm1)) for elm0, elm1 in _] + + return _ diff --git a/radiobee/lists2cmat.py b/radiobee/lists2cmat.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa7542bf8959e8486e73d6e28ceafb39fa4adb6e --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/lists2cmat.py @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +"""Convert two lists of str (texts) to correlation matrix.""" +# from typing import Dict, Iterable, Optional, Union +from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union # noqa + +import numpy as np +from textacy.representations import Vectorizer +from fastlid import fastlid + +from radiobee.en2zh_tokens import en2zh_tokens +from radiobee.insert_spaces import insert_spaces +from radiobee.gen_model import gen_model +from radiobee.smatrix import smatrix + + +# fmt: off +def lists2cmat( + text1: Union[str, Iterable[str]], + text2: Union[str, Iterable[str]], + # text1: Union[str, List[str]], + # text2: Union[str, List[str]], + lang1: Optional[str] = None, + lang2: Optional[str] = None, + model: Vectorizer = None, + tf_type: str = "linear", + idf_type: Optional[str] = "smooth", + # dl_type: Optional[str] = "sqrt", # "lucene-style tfidf" + dl_type: Optional[str] = None, # + norm: Optional[str] = "l2", # + "l2" + min_df: Union[int, float] = 1, + max_df: Union[int, float] = 1.0, + max_n_terms: Optional[int] = None, + vocabulary_terms: Optional[Union[Dict[str, int], Iterable[str]]] = None +) -> np.ndarray: + # fmt: on + if isinstance(text1, str): + text1 = [text1] + if isinstance(text2, str): + text2 = [text2] + + set_languages = fastlid.set_languages + fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + if lang1 is None: + lang1, _ = fastlid(" ".join(text1)) + if lang2 is None: + lang2, _ = fastlid(" ".join(text2)) + + # restore fastlid.set_languages + fastlid.set_languages = set_languages + + # en2zh_tokens + def zh_tokens(textzh): + return [insert_spaces(elm).split() for elm in textzh] + + if lang1 in ["zh"] and lang2 in ["en"]: + vec1 = zh_tokens(text1) + vec2 = en2zh_tokens(text2) + elif lang1 in ["zh"] and lang2 in ["zh"]: + vec1 = zh_tokens(text1) + vec2 = zh_tokens(text2) + elif lang1 in ["en"] and lang2 in ["en"]: + vec1 = en2zh_tokens(text1) + vec2 = en2zh_tokens(text2) + + # if lang1 in ["en"] and lang2 in ["zh"]: + else: + vec1 = en2zh_tokens(text1) + vec2 = zh_tokens(text2) + + if model is None: + model = gen_model(vec1) + + cmat = smatrix( + vec1, + vec2, + model=model, + tf_type=tf_type, + idf_type=idf_type, + dl_type=dl_type, + norm=norm, + min_df=min_df, + max_df=max_df, + max_n_terms=max_n_terms, + vocabulary_terms=vocabulary_terms, + ) + + return np.array(cmat) diff --git a/radiobee/loadtext.py b/radiobee/loadtext.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a72d2eeea109df2ccb1be16df7bccc41cffd6c9e --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/loadtext.py @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ +""" +Load file content to text. + +Check encoding and load a file to text. + +Win +Linux + apt install libmagic1 + +py -3.8 -m pip install python-magic-bin +py -3.8 -m pip install python-magic + +import magic +magic.from_file("testdata/test.pdf") + +original load_textrev +refer to load_paras.py +""" +from typing import Optional, Union # noqa +from pathlib import Path +import cchardet + +from logzero import logger + +# from detect_file import detect_file + + +def loadtext(filepath: Union[Path, str] = "") -> str: + """Load file context to text. + + Check encoding and load a file to text. + """ + filepath = Path(filepath) + if not filepath.is_file(): + logger.error(" file [%s] does not exist or is not a file.", filepath) + # return None + raise Exception(" file [%s] does not exist or is not a file." % filepath) + + # encoding = detect_file(filepath) + encoding = cchardet.detect(filepath.read_bytes()).get("encoding", "utf8") + + if encoding is None: + raise Exception("cchardet.detect says it's not a text file.") + + # cchardet: 'GB18030', no need for errors="ignore" + try: + text = filepath.read_text(encoding, errors="ignore") + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(" Opening %s resulted in errors: %s", filepath, exc) + raise + + return text + + +def test1(): + r""" + Tests default file. + + defaultdir = r'D:\dl\Dropbox\mat-dir\snippets-mat\pyqt' + defaultfile = r'notes pyqt tkinter tktable.txt' + """ + text = loadtext() + # eq_(2283, len(text)) + # eq_(2283, len(text)) + + # del text + if text: + assert len(text) == 86423 + + +def testgb(): + r""" + Tests D:\dl\Dropbox\shuangyu_ku\txt-books\19部世界名著中英文对照版TXT + """ + file = r"C:\dl\Dropbox\shuangyu_ku\txt-books\19部世界名著中英文对照版TXT" r"\爱丽丝漫游奇境记.txt" + text = loadtext(file) + if text: + # assert len(text) == 190913 + assert len(text) == 188760 + + text0 = "ALICE'S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND\n CHAPTER 01 Down the Rabbit-Hole\n CHAPTER 02 The Pool of Tears\n CHAPTER 03 A Caucus-Race and a Long Tale\n CHAPTER 04 The Rabbit Sends in a Little Bill\n CHAPTER 05 Advice from a Caterpillar\n CHAPTER 06 Pig and Pepper\n CHAPTER 07 A Mad Tea-Party\n CHAPTER 08 The Queen's Croquet-Ground\n CHAPTER 09 The Mock Turtle's Story \n CHAPTER 10 The Lobster Quadrille\n CHAPTER 11 Who Stole the Tarts?\n CHAPTER 12 Alice's Evidence\n\n\n 爱 丽 丝 漫 游 奇 境 记 \n\n 第01章 " # NOQA + + if text: + assert text0 == text[:500] + + +def testUTF_16LE(): + r""" + Test 'E:\\beta_final_version\\build\\test_files\\files_for_testing_import\\Folding_Beijing_12.txt'. + """ + # file = 'E:\\beta_final_version\\build\\test_files\\files_for_testing_import\\Folding_Beijing_12.txt' # NOQA + file = r"C:\dl\Dropbox\mat-dir\snippets-mat\pyqt\Sandbox\hp_beta-version_files\test_files\files_for_testing_import\Folding_Beijing_12.txt" # NOQA + file = r"C:\dl\Dropbox\mat-dir\pyqt\Sandbox\hp_beta-version_files\test_files\files_for_testing_import\Folding_Beijing_12.txt" + + text = loadtext(file) + if text: + assert len(text) == 117871 + + # text0 = '\ufeffFolding Beijing\t北京折叠\n"by Hao Jingfang, translated by Ken Liu"\t郝景芳\n# 1.\t# 1\n"At ten of five in the m' # NOQA + text0 = r'Folding Beijing\t北京折叠\n"by Hao Jingfang, translated by Ken Liu"\t郝景芳\n# 1.\t# 1\n"At ten of five in the mo' # NOQA + text2 = 'Folding Beijing\t\xe5\x8c\x97\xe4\xba\xac\xe6\x8a\x98\xe5\x8f\xa0\r\n"by Hao Jingfang, translated by Ken Liu"\t\xe9\x83\x9d\xe6\x99\xaf\xe8\x8a\xb3\r\n# 1.\t# 1\r\n"At ten of five in the mo' + + del text2 + + # if text: assert text0 == text[:100] diff --git a/radiobee/mdx_dict_e2c.lzma b/radiobee/mdx_dict_e2c.lzma new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aa08c8e1e543dab5f89f30157009240688680346 Binary files /dev/null and b/radiobee/mdx_dict_e2c.lzma differ diff --git a/radiobee/mdx_e2c.py b/radiobee/mdx_e2c.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aafa1ed0ed29e0cd7ebe43f44bade1eec91f810e --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/mdx_e2c.py @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +"""Load mdx_dict_e2c c2e. + +mdx_e2c = joblib.load("./mdx_dict_e2c.lzma") +mdx_c2e = joblib.load("./mdx_dict_e2c.lzma") +""" +from pathlib import Path +from string import punctuation +import joblib + +# keep "-" +punctuation = punctuation.replace("-", "") +c_dir = Path(__file__).parent + +# lazy load in __init__.py like this? +# mdx_dict_e2c = importlib.import_module("mdx_dict_e2c") +# mdx_e2c = mdx_dict_e2c.mdx_e2c +# mdx_dict_c2e = importlib.import_module("mdx_dict_c2e") +# mdx_c2e = mdx_dict_c2e.mdx_c2e + +mdx_dict_e2c = joblib.load(c_dir / "mdx_dict_e2c.lzma") +print("e2c lzma file loaded") + +# memory = joblib.Memory("joblibcache", verbose=0) + + +# @memory.cache # no need, mdx_dict_e2c in RAM +def mdx_e2c(word: str) -> str: + """Fetch definition for word. + + Args: + word: word to look up + Returns: + definition entry or word itself + >>> mdx_e2c("do").__len__() + 43 + >>> mdx_e2c("我").strip() + '我' + """ + word = word.strip(punctuation + " \t\n\r") + return mdx_dict_e2c.get(word.lower(), word) diff --git a/radiobee/plot_cmat.py b/radiobee/plot_cmat.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d3d0b1dd51d34086832b5a40ffe4cbb94c1ba77 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/plot_cmat.py @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ +"""Plot pandas.DataFrame with DBSCAN clustering.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name, too-many-arguments +import numpy as np +import pandas as pd +import matplotlib +import matplotlib.pyplot as plt +import seaborn as sns +from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN + +from fastlid import fastlid +import logzero +from logzero import logger + +from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset + +# turn interactive when in ipython session +_ = """ +if "get_ipython" in globals(): + plt.ion() +else: + plt.switch_backend("Agg") +# """ + +logzero.loglevel(20) # 10: debug on +fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + + +# fmt: off +def plot_cmat( + # df_: pd.DataFrame, + cmat: np.ndarray, + eps: float = 10, + min_samples: int = 6, + # ylim: int = None, + xlabel: str = "zh", + ylabel: str = "en", + backend: str = "Agg", + showfig: bool = False, +): + # ) -> plt: + # fmt: on + """Plot df with DBSCAN clustering. + + Args: + df_: pandas.DataFrame, with three columns columns=["x", "y", "cos"] + Returns: + matplotlib.pyplot: for possible use in gradio + + plot_df(pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(smat), columns=['x', 'y', 'cos'])) + df_ = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(smat), columns=['x', 'y', 'cos']) + + # sort 'x', axis 0 changes, index regenerated + df_s = df_.sort_values('x', axis=0, ignore_index=True) + + # sorintg does not seem to impact clustering + DBSCAN(1.5, min_samples=3).fit(df_).labels_ + DBSCAN(1.5, min_samples=3).fit(df_s).labels_ + + """ + logger.debug( + '"get_ipython" in globals(): %s', "get_ipython" in globals() + ) + + len1, len2 = cmat.shape + + df_ = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(cmat)) + df_.columns = ["x", "y", "cos"] + + backend_saved = matplotlib.get_backend() + + # switch backend if necessary + if backend_saved != backend: + plt.switch_backend(backend) + + # len1 = len(lst1) # noqa + # len2 = len(lst2) # noqa + + # lang1, _ = fastlid(" ".join(lst1)) + # lang2, _ = fastlid(" ".join(lst2)) + # xlabel: str = lang1 + # ylabel: str = lang2 + + sns.set() + sns.set_style("darkgrid") + + # close all existing figures, necesssary for hf spaces + plt.close("all") + # if sys.platform not in ["win32", "linux"]: + # plt.switch_backend('Agg') # to cater for Mac, thanks to WhiteFox + + fig = plt.figure() + gs = fig.add_gridspec(2, 2, wspace=0.4, hspace=0.58) + ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0]) + ax0 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1]) + ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0]) + + cmap = "viridis_r" + sns.heatmap(cmat, cmap=cmap, ax=ax2).invert_yaxis() + ax2.set_xlabel(xlabel) + ax2.set_ylabel(ylabel) + ax2.set_title("cos similarity heatmap") + + fig.suptitle("alignment projection") + + _ = DBSCAN(min_samples=min_samples, eps=eps).fit(df_).labels_ > -1 + # _x = DBSCAN(min_samples=min_samples, eps=eps).fit(df_).labels_ < 0 + _x = ~_ + + df_.plot.scatter("x", "y", c="cos", cmap=cmap, ax=ax0) + + # clustered + df_[_].plot.scatter("x", "y", c="cos", cmap=cmap, ax=ax1) + + # outliers + df_[_x].plot.scatter("x", "y", c="r", marker="x", alpha=0.6, ax=ax0) + + ax0.set_xlabel(xlabel) + ax0.set_ylabel(ylabel) + + ax0.set_xlim(0, len1) + ax0.set_ylim(0, len2) + ax0.set_title("max along columns ('x': outliers)") + + # ax1.set_xlabel("en") + # ax1.set_ylabel("zh") + ax1.set_xlabel(xlabel) + ax1.set_ylabel(ylabel) + + ax1.set_xlim(0, len1) + ax1.set_ylim(0, len2) + ax1.set_title(f"potential aligned pairs ({round(sum(_) / len1, 2):.0%})") + + logger.debug(" matplotlib.get_backend(): %s", matplotlib.get_backend()) + + # if matplotlib.get_backend() not in ["Agg"]: + if showfig: + # plt.ioff() # or we'll just see the plot show and disappear + # plt.show() + plt.show(block=True) + + # restore if necessary + if backend_saved != backend: + plt.switch_backend(backend_saved) + + # return plt diff --git a/radiobee/plot_df.py b/radiobee/plot_df.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5fb4bd0da700c69676cd143d340c2e333dd3a085 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/plot_df.py @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ +"""Plot pandas.DataFrame with DBSCAN clustering.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name, too-many-arguments +import numpy as np # noqa +import pandas as pd +import matplotlib +import matplotlib.pyplot as plt +import seaborn as sns +from sklearn.cluster import DBSCAN + +from logzero import logger # noqa + +# from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset + +# turn interactive when in ipython session +_ = """ +if "get_ipython" in globals(): + plt.ion() +else: + plt.switch_backend('Agg') +# """ +# fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + + +# fmt: off +def plot_df( + df_: pd.DataFrame, + # cmat: np.ndarray, + eps: float = 10, + min_samples: int = 6, + xlabel: str = "", + ylabel: str = "", + xlim: int = 0, + ylim: int = 0, + backend: str = "TkAgg", +) -> plt: + # fmt: on + """Plot df with DBSCAN clustering. + + Args: + df_: pandas.DataFrame, with three columns columns=["x", "y", "cos"] + Returns: + matplotlib.pyplot: for possible use in gradio + + plot_df(pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(smat), columns=['x', 'y', 'cos'])) + df_ = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(smat), columns=['x', 'y', 'cos']) + + # sort 'x', axis 0 changes, index regenerated + df_s = df_.sort_values('x', axis=0, ignore_index=True) + + # sorintg does not seem to impact clustering + DBSCAN(1.5, min_samples=3).fit(df_).labels_ + DBSCAN(1.5, min_samples=3).fit(df_s).labels_ + + """ + # df_ = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(cmat)) + if df_.shape[1] == 3: + df_.columns = ["x", "y", "cos"] + else: + logger.error(" shape mismatch: %s, expected (x, 3)", df_.shape) + # return None + raise Exception(" df_.shape[1] not equal to 3 ") + + if not xlim: + xlim = len(df_) + if not ylim: + ylim = df_.y.max() + + if not xlabel: + xlabel = str(xlim) + if not ylabel: + ylabel = str(ylim) + + backend_saved = matplotlib.get_backend() + + # switch if necessary + if backend_saved != backend: + plt.switch_backend(backend) + + sns.set() + sns.set_style("darkgrid") + + fig = plt.figure(figsize=(13, 8)) + + # gs = fig.add_gridspec(2, 2, wspace=0.4, hspace=0.58) + # ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0]) + # ax0 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1]) + # ax1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0]) + + gs = fig.add_gridspec(1, 1, wspace=0.4, hspace=0.58) + ax0 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0]) + + cmap = "viridis_r" + + _ = DBSCAN(min_samples=min_samples, eps=eps).fit(df_).labels_ > -1 + _x = ~_ + + # clustered + df_[_].plot.scatter("x", "y", c="cos", cmap=cmap, ax=ax0) + # outliers + df_[_x].plot.scatter("x", "y", c="r", marker="x", alpha=0.6, ax=ax0) + + # ax1.set_xlabel("en") + # ax1.set_ylabel("zh") + ax0.set_xlabel(xlabel) + ax0.set_ylabel(ylabel) + + # ax0.set_xlim(0, xlim) + # ax0.set_ylim(0, ylim) + ax0.set_title("max cos ('x': outliers)") + + # ax1.set_title(f"potential aligned pairs ({round(sum(_) / xlim, 2):.0%})") + + # restore if necessary + if backend_saved != backend: + plt.switch_backend(backend_saved) + + return plt + + +_ = """ + eps: float = 10 + min_samples: int = 6 + xlabel: str = "" + ylabel: str = "" + xlim: int = 0 + ylim: int = 0 +""" diff --git a/radiobee/process_upload.py b/radiobee/process_upload.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa7e2751b72d876eb00b3af5eb3464f6223844ac --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/process_upload.py @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +"""Process uploads.""" +from typing import Union + +from pathlib import Path +import tempfile +import cchardet +from logzero import logger + + +def process_upload(upload: Union[tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper, bytes]) -> str: + """Process upload (fileobj or bytes(zip file: io.BytesIO further to zipfile.ZipFile)). + + gr.inputs.File("file"): upload normal file + gr.inputs.File("bytes"): upload zip file + + """ + if isinstance(upload, bytes): + logger.warning("Not implemented, yet, for zip file") + return "Not implemented, yet, for zip file" + + try: + fpath = Path(upload.name) + except Exception as e: + logger.error("Path(upload.name) error: %s", e) + return str(e) + + suffixes = [ + "", + ".txt", + ".text", + ".md", + "tsv", + ] + # check .txt .md ''(no suffix) + if fpath.suffix.lower() not in suffixes: + logger.warning('suffix: [%s] not in %s', fpath.suffix, suffixes) + # return "File type not supported, yet." + + try: + data = Path(upload.name).read_bytes() + except Exception as e: + logger.error("Unable to read data from %s, errors: %s", fpath, e) + data = str(e).encode() + + # no data, empty file, return "" + if not data: + logger.info("empty file: %s", upload.name) + return "" + + encoding = cchardet.detect(data).get("encoding") + + if encoding is not None: + try: + text = fpath.read_text(encoding) + except Exception as e: + logger.error("Unable to retrieve text, error: %s", e) + text = str(e) + + # return f"{upload.name} {type(upload)}\n\n{text}" + # return f"{upload.name}\n{text}" + return text + + # not able to cchardet: encoding is None, docx, pdf, epub, zip etc + logger.info("Trying docx...to be implemented") + + # TODO + + _ = Path(upload.name) + msg = f"binary file: {_.stem[:-8]}{_.suffix}" + logger.warning("%s", msg) + + return msg + + +_ = ''' # colab gradio-file-inputs-upload.ipynb +# file_to_text/process_file +def zip_to_text(file_obj): + """ + # zf = zipfile.ZipFile('german-recipes-dataset.zip') + zf = file_obj + namelist = zipfile.ZipFile.namelist(zf); + # filename = zf.open(namelist[0]); + file_contents = [] + for filename in namelist: + with zf.open(filename) as fhandle: + file_contents.append(fhandle.read().decode()) + """ + # fileobj is + + # gr.inputs.File("bytes") + if isinstance(file_obj, bytes): + data = file_obj.decode() + return f"{type(file_obj)}\n{dir(file_obj)}\n{data}" + + # "file"/gr.inputs.File("file") file_obj.name: /tmp/READMEzm8hc5ze.md + data = Path(file_obj.name).read_bytes() + return f"{file_obj.name} {type(file_obj)}\n{dir(file_obj)} \n{data}" +# ''' diff --git a/radiobee/seg_text.py b/radiobee/seg_text.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..099bbb39069e3fa0256354aa5af0f1f20167e744 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/seg_text.py @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +"""Split text to sentences. + +Use sentence_splitter if supported, +else use polyglot.text.Text + +!apt install libicu-dev +!install pyicu pycld2 Morfessor +!pip install polyglot sentence_splitter +""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import List, Optional, Union + +import re +from tqdm.auto import tqdm +from polyglot.detect.base import logger as polyglot_logger +from polyglot.text import Detector, Text +from sentence_splitter import split_text_into_sentences + +from logzero import logger + +# turn of polyglot.text.Detector warning +polyglot_logger.setLevel("ERROR") + + +# fmt: off +# use sentence_splitter if supported +LANG_S = ["ca", "cs", "da", "nl", "en", "fi", "fr", "de", + "el", "hu", "is", "it", "lv", "lt", "no", "pl", + "pt", "ro", "ru", "sk", "sl", "es", "sv", "tr"] + + +def _seg_text( + text: str, + lang: Optional[str] = None, + # qmode: bool = False, + maxlines: int = 1000 +) -> List[str]: + # fmt: on + """Split text to sentences. + + Use sentence_splitter if supported, + else use polyglot.text.Text.sentences + Blank lines will be removed. + + qmode: quick mode, skip split_text_into_sentences if True, default False + vectors for all books are based on qmode=False. + qmode=True is for quick test purpose only + + maxlines (default 1000), threshold for turn on tqdm progressbar + set to <1 or a large number to turn it off + """ + if lang is None: + try: + lang = Detector(text).language.code + except Exception as exc: + logger.info("text[:30]: %s", text[:30]) + logger.warning( + "polyglot.text.Detector exc: %s, setting to 'en'", + exc + ) + lang = "en" + + # if not qmode and lang in LANG_S: + if lang in LANG_S: + _ = [] + lines = text.splitlines() + # if maxlines > 1 and len(lines) > maxlines: + if len(lines) > maxlines > 1: + for para in tqdm(lines): + if para.strip(): + _.extend(split_text_into_sentences(para, lang)) + else: + for para in lines: + if para.strip(): + _.extend(split_text_into_sentences(para, lang)) + return _ + + # return split_text_into_sentences(text, lang) + + # empty "" text or blank to avoid Exception + if not text.strip(): + return [] + + return [elm.string for elm in Text(text, lang).sentences] + + +# fmt: off +def seg_text( + lst: Union[str, List[str]], + lang: Optional[str] = None, + maxlines: int = 1000, + extra: Optional[str] = None, +) -> List[str]: + # fmt:on + """Split a list of text. + + Arguments: + lst: text or text list + extra: re.split(rf"{extra}, text) first + Returns: + list of splitted text. + """ + if isinstance(lst, str): + lst = [lst] + + if extra: + # insert \n + lst = [re.sub(rf"({extra})", r"\1\n", elm) for elm in lst] + + res = [] + for elm in lst: + res.extend(_seg_text( + elm, + lang=lang, + maxlines=maxlines, + )) + + return res diff --git a/radiobee/shuffle_sents.py b/radiobee/shuffle_sents.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..79b242a1b9a49fed0f6c6575471923239ce2a2a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/shuffle_sents.py @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +"""Shuffle sents.""" +# pylint: disable= + +from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Union + +from fastlid import fastlid +from logzero import logger # noqa + +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat +from radiobee.gen_pset import gen_pset +from radiobee.gen_aset import gen_aset +from radiobee.align_texts import align_texts + + +# fmt: off +def shuffle_sents( + lst1: List[str], + lst2: List[str], + eps: float = 6, + min_samples: int = 4, + tf_type: str = "linear", + idf_type: Optional[str] = None, + dl_type: Optional[str] = None, + norm: Optional[str] = None, + lang1: Optional[str] = None, + lang2: Optional[str] = None, +) -> List[Tuple[str, str, Union[str, float]]]: + # fmt: on + """shuffle sents to the right positions. + + Based on __main__.py. + """ + set_languages = fastlid.set_languages + fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + if lang1 is None: + lang1, _ = fastlid(" ".join(lst1)) + if lang2 is None: + lang2, _ = fastlid(" ".join(lst2)) + + # restore fastlid.set_languages + fastlid.set_languages = set_languages + + cmat = lists2cmat( + lst1, + lst2, + tf_type=tf_type, + idf_type=idf_type, + dl_type=dl_type, + norm=norm, + lang1=lang1, + lang2=lang2, + ) + + pset = gen_pset( + cmat, + eps=eps, + min_samples=min_samples, + delta=7, + ) + + src_len, tgt_len = cmat.shape + aset = gen_aset(pset, src_len, tgt_len) + + final_list = align_texts(aset, lst2, lst1) + + return final_list + + # return [("", "")] diff --git a/radiobee/smatrix.py b/radiobee/smatrix.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..046e7092812bb0158158af5d6fade667e3fa5a0f --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/smatrix.py @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ +"""Generate a similarity matrix (doc-term score matrix) based on textacy.representation.Vectorizer. + +refer also to fast-scores fast_scores.py and gen_model.py (sklearn.feature_extraction.text.TfidfVectorizer). +originally docterm_scores.py. +""" +from typing import Dict, Iterable, Optional, Union +import numpy as np +from itertools import chain +from psutil import virtual_memory +from more_itertools import ilen + +from textacy.representations import Vectorizer +# from textacy.representations.vectorizers import Vectorizer +from logzero import logger + +# from smatrix.gen_model import gen_model +from radiobee.gen_model import gen_model + + +# fmt: off +def smatrix( + doc1: Iterable[Iterable[str]], # List[List[str]], + doc2: Iterable[Iterable[str]], + model: Vectorizer = None, + tf_type: str = 'linear', + idf_type: Optional[str] = "smooth", + # dl_type: Optional[str] = "sqrt", # "lucene-style tfidf" + dl_type: Optional[str] = None, # + norm: Optional[str] = "l2", # + "l2" + min_df: Union[int, float] = 1, + max_df: Union[int, float] = 1.0, + max_n_terms: Optional[int] = None, + vocabulary_terms: Optional[Union[Dict[str, int], Iterable[str]]] = None +) -> np.ndarray: + # fmt: on + """Generate a doc-term score matrix based on textacy.representation.Vectorizer. + + Args + doc1: tokenized doc of n1 + doc2: tokenized doc of n2 + model: if None, generate one ad hoc from doc1 and doc2 ("lucene-style tfidf"). + rest: refer to textacy.representation.Vectorizer + Attributes + vectorizer + + Returns + n1 x n2 similarity matrix of float numbers + """ + # make sure doc1/doc2 is of the right typing + try: + for xelm in iter(doc1): + for elm in iter(xelm): + assert isinstance(elm, str) + except AssertionError: + raise AssertionError(" doc1 is not of the typing Iterable[Iterable[str]] ") + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + raise + try: + for xelm in iter(doc2): + for elm in iter(xelm): + assert isinstance(elm, str) + except AssertionError: + raise AssertionError(" doc2 is not of the typing Iterable[Iterable[str]] ") + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + raise + + if model is None: + model = gen_model( + [*chain(doc1, doc2)], + tf_type=tf_type, + idf_type=idf_type, + dl_type=dl_type, + norm=norm, + min_df=min_df, + max_df=max_df, + max_n_terms=max_n_terms, + vocabulary_terms=vocabulary_terms + ) + # docterm_scores.model = model + smatrix.model = model + + # a1 = dt.toarray(), a2 = doc_term_matrix.toarray() + # np.all(np.isclose(a1, a2)) + + dt1 = model.transform(doc1) + dt2 = model.transform(doc2) + + # virtual_memory().available / 8: 64bits float + require_ram = ilen(iter(doc1)) * ilen(iter(doc2)) * 8 + if require_ram > virtual_memory().free: + # logger.warning("virtual_memory().free: %s", virtual_memory().available) + logger.warning("virtual_memory().free: %s", virtual_memory().free) + logger.warning("memory required: %s", require_ram) + + if require_ram > virtual_memory().free * 10: + logger.warning("You're likely to encounter memory problem, such as slowing down response and/or OOM.") + + # return dt1.doc(dt2.T) + return dt2.toarray().dot(dt1.toarray().T) diff --git a/radiobee/text2lists.py b/radiobee/text2lists.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a68c8ec4431e4f1e3f3ee2d5925ff219f0b2355 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/text2lists.py @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ +"""Separate text to zh en lists.""" +# pylint: disable= + +# from typing import Tuple, +from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union # noqa + +import numpy as np + +# from fastlid import fastlid +from polyglot.text import Detector +from logzero import logger + +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat +from radiobee.detect import detect + + +def text2lists( + text: Union[Iterable[str], str], + set_languages: Optional[List[str]] = None, +) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]: + """Separate text to zh en lists. + + Args: + text: mixed text + set_languages: no default (open-end) + use polyglot.text.Detector to pick two languages + + Attributes: + cmat: correlation matrix (len(list_l) x len(list_r)) + before adjusting (shifting) + offset: plus, [""] * offset + list2 + minus, [""] * (-offset) + list1 + Returns: + two lists, best effort alignment + """ + if not isinstance(text, str) and isinstance(text, Iterable): + try: + text = "\n".join(text) + except Exception as e: + logger.error(e) + raise + + # set_languages default to ["en", "zh"] + if set_languages is None: + lang12 = [elm.code for elm in Detector(text).languages] + + # set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + + # set 'un' to 'en' + # set_languages = ['en' if elm in ['un'] else elm for elm in lang12[:2]] + set_languages = [] + for elm in lang12[:2]: + if elm in ["un"]: + logger.warning(" Unknown language, set to en") + set_languages.append("en") + else: + set_languages.append(elm) + + # fastlid.set_languages = set_languages + + list1 = [] + list2 = [] + + # lang0, _ = fastlid(text[:15000]) + lang0 = detect(text, set_languages) + + res = [] + left = True # start with left list1 + + for elm in [_ for _ in text.splitlines() if _.strip()]: + # lang, _ = fastlid(elm) + lang = detect(elm, set_languages) + if lang == lang0: + res.append(elm) + else: + if left: + # list1.append("\n".join(res)) + list1.extend(res) + else: + # list2.append("\n".join(res)) + list2.extend(res) + left = not left + + res = [elm] + lang0 = lang + + # process the last + if left: + list1.extend(res) + else: + list2.extend(res) + + try: + # lang1, _ = fastlid(' '.join(list1)) + lang1 = detect(" ".join(list1), set_languages) + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(exc) + lang1 = "en" + try: + # lang2, _ = fastlid(' '.join(list2)) + lang2 = detect(" ".join(list2), set_languages) + except Exception as exc: + logger.error(exc) + lang2 = "en" + + # find offset via diagonal(k), + len1, len2 = len(list1), len(list2) + + # len2, len1 = cmat.shape + # len_r, len_c = cmat.shape + # ylim, xlim = cmat.shape + ylim, xlim = len2, len1 # check + + # cmat dim: len1 x len2 or ylim x xlim + cmat = lists2cmat(list1, list2, lang1, lang2) + + # sq_mean_pair = [(elm, np.square(cmat.diagonal(elm)).mean()) for elm in range(2 - ylim, xlim + 1)] + # df = pd.DataFrame(sq_mean_pair, columns=['offset', 'sq_mean']) + # df.plot.scatter('offset', 'sq_mean') + # optimum_offset = df.offset[df.sq_mean.argmax()] + + # equiv to np.argmax(sq_mean) - (ylim - 2) + # locate max, -ylim + 2 ...xlim: range(1 - ylim, xlim) + # sqare sum + + sq_mean = [np.square(cmat.diagonal(elm)).mean() for elm in range(1 - ylim, xlim - 1)] + # tot: xlim + ylim - 1 + + # temp = [np.square(cmat.diagonal(elm)) for elm in range(2 - ylim, xlim + 1)] + # sq_mean = [elm.mean() if np.any(elm) else 0.0 for elm in temp] + + # plt.figure() + # plt.scatter(range(1 - ylim, xlim), sq_mean) + + offset = np.argmax(sq_mean) - (ylim - 1) + + text2lists.cmat = cmat + text2lists.offset = offset + text2lists.lang1 = lang1 + text2lists.lang2 = lang2 + + # shift list1 if offsset >= 0, else shift list2 + if offset > -1: + # list1a = list1[:] + # list2a = [""] * offset + list2 + list2 = [""] * offset + list2 + else: + list1 = [""] * (-offset) + list1 + # list1a = [""] * (-offset) + list1 + # list2a = list2[:] + + return list1, list2 diff --git a/radiobee/trim_df.py b/radiobee/trim_df.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cd68ff914517e0000e9ecea039f985e9c7679479 --- /dev/null +++ b/radiobee/trim_df.py @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +"""Trim df.""" +import pandas as pd + + +# fmt: off +def trim_df( + df1: pd.DataFrame, + len_: int = 4, +) -> pd.DataFrame: + # fmt: on + """Trim df.""" + if len(df1) > 2 * len_: + df_trimmed = pd.concat( + [ + df1.iloc[:len_, :], + pd.DataFrame( + [ + [ + "...", + "...", + ] + ], + columns=df1.columns, + ), + df1.iloc[-len_:, :], + ], + ignore_index=1, + ) + return df_trimmed + return df1 diff --git a/requirements-man.txt b/requirements-man.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e9a5dd3196b671152ab48c4eeda498c2c7c00c2a --- /dev/null +++ b/requirements-man.txt @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +# chardet +# certifi +# charset-normalizer +# idna +# typing-extensions +gradio +sklearn +textacy +logzero +more_itertools +psutil +seaborn +cchardet +tabulate +git+https://github.com/ffreemt/fast-langid +# python-dotenv +varname +openpyxl +# --- seg_text +Morfessor +pyicu +pycld2 +tqdm +polyglot +sentence_splitter \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/requirements-pipreqs.txt b/requirements-pipreqs.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bdd9e5e2c4a36b2d7d60ab54f311d6a4ebdb5d7d --- /dev/null +++ b/requirements-pipreqs.txt @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +brotli==1.0.9 +cchardet==2.1.7 +ConfigParser==5.2.0 +cryptography==36.0.1 +Cython==0.29.26 +dl==0.1.0 +docutils==0.17.1 +fastlid==0.1.7 +gradio==2.7.0 +HTMLParser==0.0.2 +importlib_metadata==4.8.1 +ipaddr==2.2.0 +joblib==1.0.1 +keyring==23.5.0 +lockfile==0.12.2 +logzero==1.7.0 +lxml==4.7.1 +matplotlib==3.4.3 +more_itertools==8.12.0 +mypy_extensions==0.4.3 +nltk==3.6.7 +numpy==1.21.2 +ordereddict==1.1 +pandas==1.3.2 +polyglot==16.7.4 +protobuf==3.19.1 +psutil==5.8.0 +pyOpenSSL==21.0.0 +pytest==6.2.5 +pywin32==227 +scikit_learn==1.0.2 +seaborn==0.11.2 +sentence_splitter==1.4 +textacy==0.11.0 +tqdm==4.62.2 +typing_extensions==3.10.0.2 +varname==0.8.1 +wincertstore==0.2.1 +xmlrpclib==1.0.1 +zipp==3.6.0 diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f4ad79e716254554cabcfa30f9a3c20cb21e78e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/requirements.txt @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +# chardet +# certifi +# charset-normalizer +# idna +# typing-extensions +gradio +sklearn +textacy +logzero +more_itertools +psutil +seaborn +cchardet +tabulate +git+https://github.com/ffreemt/fast-langid +sentence-transformers +# python-dotenv +varname +openpyxl +# --- seg_text +Morfessor +pyicu +pycld2 +tqdm +polyglot +sentence_splitter \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/run-flake8-pyright.bat b/run-flake8-pyright.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a499681cc681c614d3d7f6868679d3e0ef6fa64 --- /dev/null +++ b/run-flake8-pyright.bat @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +REM nodemon -w radiobee -w tests -x "pyright radiobee && flake8.bat radiobee" +nodemon -w radiobee -w tests -x "run-p pyright flake8" diff --git a/run-pyright.bat b/run-pyright.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..76fcc86d774a9794a52f2aca7713ff0d03360d3e --- /dev/null +++ b/run-pyright.bat @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +nodemon -w radiobee -w tests -x pyright radiobee tests \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/run-radiobee.bat b/run-radiobee.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a868af504e8f49efcc8e1ba08c41ea58f2069e41 --- /dev/null +++ b/run-radiobee.bat @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +REM nodemon -V -w radiobee -x "sleep 3 && python -m radiobee" +REM nodemon -V -w radiobee -x python -m radiobee +REM nodemon -V -w radiobee -x py -3.8 -m radiobee +REM nodemon -V -w radiobee -x "run-p pyright flake8 && py -3.8 -m radiobee" +REM nodemon -V -w radiobee -x "run-p pyright-radiobee && py -3.8 -m radiobee" +REM nodemon -V -w radiobee -x "pyright radiobee && py -3.8 -m radiobee" + +REM E501 line-too-long, F401, unused import, W293 blank line contains whitespace +nodemon -V -w radiobee -x "flake8.exe --max-complexity=55 --ignore=E501,F401,W293 radiobee && py -3.8 -m radiobee" diff --git a/start-radiobee.bat b/start-radiobee.bat new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e1f2d7cd1ca0b113afb8529e96f480e195c1e457 --- /dev/null +++ b/start-radiobee.bat @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +start "radiobee" run-radiobee \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..14e8999c92f78a983043250c29724ca6df723da6 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +"""Init.""" diff --git a/tests/test_align_sents.py b/tests/test_align_sents.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee22264fc68aee89faea0a27b517c689602b813e --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_align_sents.py @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +"""Test align_sents.""" +from radiobee.align_sents import align_sents + + +def test_align_sents(): + """Test align_sents.""" + lst1, lst2 = [ + "a", + "bs", + ], ["aaa", "34", "a", "b"] + res = align_sents(lst1, lst2) + + assert res == [("a", "aaa"), ("a", "34"), ("bs", "a"), ("bs", "b")] diff --git a/tests/test_amend_avec.py b/tests/test_amend_avec.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2d363e0ae04921ea76cef15ec90fd4fe66cc4f23 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_amend_avec.py @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +"""Test amend_avec.""" +from itertools import count, zip_longest +from radiobee.amend_avec import amend_avec + + +def test_amend_avec(): + """Test amend_avec.""" + assert not amend_avec([]) + assert amend_avec([], 3, 2) == [(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, "")] + + +def test_amend_avec1(): + """Test avec.""" + avec = [ + (0, 0), + (1, 0), + (3, 1), + (4, 1), + (9, 2), + (10, 2), + (13, 3), + (14, 3), + (15, 4), + (16, 4), + (22, 5), + (23, 5), + (27, 6), + (28, 6), + ] + set0, set1 = zip(*amend_avec(avec)) + set0_ = list(set(set0)) + set1_ = list(set(set1)) + assert [*range(29)] == [elm for elm in sorted(set0_, key=set0.index) if elm != ""] + assert [*range(7)] == [elm for elm in sorted(set1_, key=set1.index) if elm != ""] + + assert [*range(29)] == [elm for elm in dict(zip(set0, count())) if elm != ""] + assert [*range(7)] == [elm for elm in dict(zip(set1, count())) if elm != ""] + + assert [*range(29)] == [elm for elm in dict(zip_longest(set0, [])) if elm != ""] + assert [*range(7)] == [elm for elm in dict(zip_longest(set1, [])) if elm != ""] diff --git a/tests/test_detect.py b/tests/test_detect.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c4b5557fc2726af6cd2ace7124614427544483d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_detect.py @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +"""Test detect.""" +import pytest +from radiobee.detect import detect + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize( + "test_input,expected", [ + ("", "en"), + (" ", "en"), + (" \n ", "en"), + ("注释", "zh"), + ] +) +def test_detect(test_input, expected): + """Test detect.""" + assert detect(test_input) == expected + + # expected set_languages[0], set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + assert detect(test_input, ["en", "zh"]) == expected + + +def test_detect_de(): + """Test detect de.""" + text_de = "4\u3000In der Beschränkung zeigt sich erst der Meister, / Und das Gesetz nur kann uns Freiheit geben. 参见http://www.business-it.nl/files/7d413a5dca62fc735a072b16fbf050b1-27.php." # noqa + assert detect(text_de) == "de" + assert detect(text_de, ["en", "zh"]) == "zh" + + +def test_elm1(): + """Test ——撰文：Thomas Gibbons-Neff和Fahim Abed，摄影：Jim Huylebroek=.""" + elm1 = "——撰文：Thomas Gibbons-Neff和Fahim Abed，摄影：Jim Huylebroek" + assert detect(elm1) == "ja" + assert detect(elm1, ["en", "zh"]) == "zh" + + +def test_elm2(): + """Test 在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 JACQUES NKINZINGABO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES.""" + elm2 = "在卢旺达基加利的一家牛奶吧。 JACQUES NKINZINGABO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES" + assert detect(elm2) == "zh" + assert detect(elm2, ["en", "zh"]) == "zh" diff --git a/tests/test_en.txt b/tests/test_en.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..de6eeea28ca039ecd85ed083e69c6fa52d251ecc --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_en.txt @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +Wuthering Heights + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Chapter 2 + + Chinese + + +Yesterday afternoon set in misty and cold. I had half a mind to spend it by my study fire, instead of wading through heath and mud to Wuthering Heights. On coming up from dinner, however (N.B. I dine between twelve and one o'clock; the housekeeper, a matronly lady, taken as a fixture along with the house, could not, or would not, comprehend my request that I might be served at five), on mounting the stairs with this lazy intention, and stepping into the room, I saw a servant girl on her knees surrounded by brushes and coal-scuttles, and raising an infernal dust as she extinguished the flames with heaps of cinders. This spectacle drove me back immediately; I took my hat, and, after a four-miles' walk, arrived at Heathcliff's garden gate just in time to escape the first feathery flakes of a snow shower. + +On that bleak hill top the earth was hard with a black frost, and the air made me shiver through every limb. Being unable to remove the chain, I jumped over, and, running up the flagged causeway bordered with straggling gooseberry bushes, knocked vainly for admittance, till my knuckles tingled and the dogs howled. + +`Wretched inmates!' I ejaculated mentally, `you deserve perpetual isolation from your species for your churlish inhospitality. At least, I would not keep my doors barred in the day time. I don't care--I will get in!' So resolved, I grasped the latch and shook it vehemently. Vinegar-faced Joseph projected his head from a round window of the barn. + +`Whet are ye for?' he shouted. `T' maister's dahn i' t' fowld. Go rahnd by th' end ut' laith, if yah went tuh spake tull him.' + +`Is there nobody inside to open the door?' I hallooed, responsively. + +`They's nobbut t' missis; and shoo'll nut oppen't an ye mak yer flaysome dins till neeght.' + +`Why? Cannot you tell her who I am, eh, Joseph?' + +`Nor-ne me! Aw'll hae noa hend wi't,' muttered the head, vanishing. + +The snow began to drive thickly. I seized the handle to essay another trial; when a young man without coat, and shouldering a pitchfork, appeared in the yard behind. He hailed me to follow him, and, after marching through a wash-house, and a paved area containing a coal shed, pump, and pigeon cot, we at length arrived in the huge, warm, cheerful apartment, where I was formerly received. It glowed delightfully in the radiance of an immense fire, compounded of coal, peat, and wood; and near the table, laid for a plentiful evening meal, I was pleased to observe the `missis', an individual whose existence I had never previously suspected. I bowed and waited, thinking she would bid me take a seat. She looked at me, leaning back in her chair, and remained motionless and mute. + +`Rough weather!' I remarked. `I'm afraid, Mrs Heathcliff, the door must bear the consequence of your servants' leisure attendance: I had hard work to make them hear me.' + +She never opened her mouth. I stared--she stared also: at any rate, she kept her eyes on me in a cool, regardless manner, exceedingly embarrassing and disagreeable. + +`Sit down,' said the young man gruffly. `He'll be in soon.' + +I obeyed; and hemmed, and called the villain Juno, who deigned, at this second interview, to move the extreme tip of her tail, in token of owning my acquaintance. + +`A beautiful animal!' I commenced again. `Do you intend parting with the little ones, madam?' + +`They are not mine,' said the amiable hostess, more repellingly than Heathcliff himself could have replied. + +`Ah, your favourites are among these?' I continued, turning to an obscure cushion full of something like cats. + +`A strange choice of favourites!' she observed scornfully. + +Unluckily, it was a heap of dead rabbits. I hemmed once more, and drew closer to the hearth, repeating my comment on the wildness of the evening. + +`You should not have come out,' she said, rising and reaching from the chimney-piece two of the painted canisters. + +Her position before was sheltered from the light; now, I had a distinct view of her whole figure and countenance. She was slender, and apparently scarcely past girlhood: an admirable form, and the most exquisite little face that I have ever had the pleasure of beholding; small features, very fair; flaxen ringlets, or rather golden, hanging loose on her delicate neck; and eyes, had they been agreeable in expression, they would have been irresistible: fortunately for my susceptible heart, the only sentiment they evinced hovered between scorn, and a kind of desperation, singularly unnatural to be detected there. The canisters were almost out of her reach; I made a motion to aid her; she turned upon me as a miser might turn if anyone attempted to assist him in counting his gold. + +`I don't want your help,' she snapped; `I can get them for myself.' + +`I beg your pardon!' I hastened to reply. + +`Were you asked to tea?' she demanded, tying an apron over her neat black frock, and standing with a spoonful of the leaf poised over the pot. + +`I shall be glad to have a cup,' I answered. + +`Were you asked?' she repeated. + +`No,' I said, half smiling. `You are the proper person to ask me.' +　 + + +Contents PreviousChapter + NextChapter + + +Homepage diff --git a/tests/test_en_zh_short.py b/tests/test_en_zh_short.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d344721865d9e1369b549aa63a1cdd23531226fc --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_en_zh_short.py @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +"""Test loadtext.""" +# pylint: diable=invalid-name +import pytest + +from fastlid import fastlid + +from radiobee.loadtext import loadtext +from radiobee.files2df import files2df +from radiobee.file2text import file2text +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat +from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset +from radiobee.gen_pset import gen_pset + +en = loadtext("data/en.txt") +zh = loadtext("data/zh.txt") +testen = loadtext("data/testen.txt") +testzh = loadtext("data/testzh.txt") + + +def test_en_zh_short1(): + """Test en_zh_short.""" + lst1 = [elm for elm in en.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + lst2 = [elm for elm in zh.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + + lang1, _ = fastlid(en) + lang2, _ = fastlid(zh) + + cmat0 = lists2cmat(lst1, lst2) + pset = gen_pset(cmat0) + + assert pset.__len__() > 2 + + +def test_en_zh_short2(): + """Test en_zh_short testen testzh.""" + # en = testen.copy() + # zh = testzh.copy() + lst1a = [elm for elm in testen.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + lst2a = [elm for elm in testzh.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + + lang1a, _ = fastlid(testen) + lang2a, _ = fastlid(testzh) + + cmat1 = lists2cmat(lst1a, lst2a) + pset = gen_pset(cmat1) + + assert pset.__len__() > 2 + + +_ = """ +import matplotlib +import matplotlib.pyplot as plt +import numpy as np +import pandas as pd +import seaborn as sns + +sns.set() +sns.set_style("darkgrid") +cmap = "viridis_r" +plt.ion() + +eps = 6 +min_samples = 10 + + +tset = pd.DataFrame(cmat2tset(cmat)) +tset.columns = ["x", "y", "cos"] + +df_ = tset + +# """ diff --git a/tests/test_files2df.py b/tests/test_files2df.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..097bd91ce6ab840292505203ef8c9f7738703f4e --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_files2df.py @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +"""Test files2df.""" +from pathlib import Path +import tempfile +from radiobee.files2df import files2df + + +def test_files2df(): + """Test files2df with tests/test_en.txt tests/test_zh.txt.""" + file1_ = "tests/test_en.txt" + file2_ = "tests/test_zh.txt" + with open(file1_, 'rb') as fh1, open(file2_, 'rb') as fh2: + file1 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(fh1, file1_) + file2 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(fh2, file2_) + assert Path(file1.name).is_file() + assert Path(file2.name).is_file() + + df = files2df(file1, file2) + + # with filenames as frist row + # assert df.iloc[1, 0] == "Wuthering Heights" + # assert df.iloc[1, 1] == "呼啸山庄" + + assert df.iloc[0, 0] == "Wuthering Heights" + assert df.iloc[0, 1] == "呼啸山庄" + + +def test_files2df_file2none(): + """Test files2df with tests/test_en.txt None.""" + file1_ = "tests/test_en.txt" + file2 = None + with open(file1_, 'rb') as fh1: + file1 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(fh1, file1_) + assert Path(file1.name).is_file() + + df = files2df(file1, file2) + + # with filename as first row + # assert df.iloc[1, 0] == "Wuthering Heights" + # assert df.iloc[1, 1] == "" + + assert df.iloc[0, 0] == "Wuthering Heights" + assert df.iloc[0, 1] == "" diff --git a/tests/test_lists2cmat.py b/tests/test_lists2cmat.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4fe791efbca269bd65b991e946fea97d9da2789d --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_lists2cmat.py @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +"""Test lists2cmat.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name +from itertools import zip_longest +from fastlid import fastlid +from radiobee.loadtext import loadtext +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat + +file1 = "data/test_en.txt" +file2 = "data/test_zh.txt" + +# assume English or Chinese +fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh", ] + +text1 = loadtext(file1) +text2 = loadtext(file2) + +lang1, _ = fastlid(text1) +lang2, _ = fastlid(text2) + + +def test_lists2cmat(): + """Test lists2cmat.""" + + lst1, lst2 = [], [] + + if text1: + lst1 = [_.strip() for _ in text1.splitlines() if _.strip()] + if text2: + lst2 = [_.strip() for _ in text2.splitlines() if _.strip()] + + # en zh + len(lst1) == 33, len(lst2) == 36 + + # cmat = texts2cmat(lst1, lst2, lang1, lang2) + cmat = lists2cmat(lst1, lst2, lang1, lang2) + + assert cmat.shape == (36, 33) + + cmat21 = lists2cmat(lst2, lst1, lang2, lang1) + + assert cmat21.shape == (33, 36) + assert lists2cmat(lst2, lst1).mean() > 0.05 # 0.09 diff --git a/tests/test_loadtext.py b/tests/test_loadtext.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..769d626de7ac99f3861b5ae6f1db83df364dd0a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_loadtext.py @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +"""Test loadtext.""" +import pytest + +from radiobee.loadtext import loadtext + + +def test_loadtext(): + """Test loadtext.""" + _ = loadtext("data/test_en.txt") + if _ is not None: + _ = [elm for elm in _.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + assert len(_) == 33 + + +@pytest.mark.xfail +def test_loadtext_from_dir(): + """Test test_loadtext_from_dir.""" + _ = loadtext(".") diff --git a/tests/test_main.py b/tests/test_main.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7dbddfcbc75dccefe9e4f49e8609aa5bf71e675f --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_main.py @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +"""Test __main__.py.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name +import tempfile +from fastlid import fastlid + +from logzero import logger + +# globals()["file2text"] = getattr(importlib.import_module(f"{radiobee.__name__}.file2text"), "file2text") +# from radiobee.process_upload import process_upload # same as file2text +from radiobee.files2df import files2df +from radiobee.file2text import file2text +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat +from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset + +file1loc = "data/test_zh.txt" +file2loc = "data/test_en.txt" + +file1 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(open(file1loc, "rb"), file1loc) +file2 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(open(file2loc, "rb"), file2loc) + + +def test_file2file1(): + """Test cmat file2 file1.""" + # logger.info("file1: *%s*, file2: *%s*", file1, file2) + logger.info("file1.name: *%s*, file2.name: *%s*", file1.name, file2.name) + + text1 = file2text(file1) + text2 = file2text(file2) + + lang1, _ = fastlid(text1) + lang2, _ = fastlid(text2) + + lst1 = [elm.strip() for elm in text1.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + lst2 = [elm.strip() for elm in text2.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + + del lst1, lst2 diff --git a/tests/test_main_single_input.py b/tests/test_main_single_input.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0890fbff5a48e333813913ab0debafd53bdae41b --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_main_single_input.py @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +"""Test __main__.py.""" +# pylint: disable=invalid-name + +import tempfile +from fastlid import fastlid + +from logzero import logger + +# globals()["file2text"] = getattr(importlib.import_module(f"{radiobee.__name__}.file2text"), "file2text") +# from radiobee.process_upload import process_upload # same as file2text +from radiobee.files2df import files2df +from radiobee.file2text import file2text +from radiobee.lists2cmat import lists2cmat + +# from radiobee.cmat2tset import cmat2tset + +file1loc = "data/test-dual.txt" +file2loc = "" +file2loc = "data/empty.txt" + +file1 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(open(file1loc, "rb"), file1loc) +if file2loc: + file2 = tempfile._TemporaryFileWrapper(open(file2loc, "rb"), file2loc) +else: + file2 = None + + +def test_file2file1(): + """Test cmat file2 file1.""" + # logger.info("file1: *%s*, file2: *%s*", file1, file2) + if file2 is not None: + logger.info("file1.name: *%s*, file2.name: *%s*", file1.name, file2.name) + else: + logger.info("file1.name: *%s*, file2: *%s*", file1.name, file2) + text1 = file2text(file1) + text2 = file2text(file2) + + fastlid.set_languages = ["en", "zh"] + lang1, _ = fastlid(text1) + lang2, _ = fastlid(text2) + + lst1 = [elm.strip() for elm in text1.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + lst2 = [elm.strip() for elm in text2.splitlines() if elm.strip()] + + del lst1, lst2 diff --git a/tests/test_seg_text.py b/tests/test_seg_text.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38c989cd89ba843953f94eb96e1ed90de2eea130 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_seg_text.py @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +"""Test seg_text.""" +import pytest +from radiobee.seg_text import seg_text + + +def test_seg_text1(): + """Test seg_text 1.""" + text = " text 1\n\n test 2. test 3" + _ = seg_text(text) + assert len(_) == 2 + + text = " text 1\n\n test 2. Test 3" + _ = seg_text(text) + assert len(_) == 3 + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize( + "test_input,expected", [ + ("", []), + (" ", []), + (" \n ", []), + ] +) +def test_seg_text_blanks(test_input, expected): + """Test blanks.""" + assert seg_text(test_input) == expected + + +def test_seg_text_semicolon(): + """Test semicolon.""" + text = """ “元宇宙”，英文為“Metaverse”。該詞出自1992年；的科幻小說《雪崩》。 """ + assert len(seg_text(text)) == 2 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'zh')) == 2 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'ja')) == 2 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'ko')) == 2 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'en')) == 1 + + +def test_seg_text_semicolon_extra(): + """Test semicolon.""" + extra = "[;；]" + text = """ “元宇宙”，英文為“Metaverse”。該詞出自1992年；的科幻小說《雪崩》。 """ + assert len(seg_text(text, extra=extra)) == 2 + 1 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'zh', extra=extra)) == 2 + 1 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'ja', extra=extra)) == 2 + 1 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'ko', extra=extra)) == 2 + 1 + assert len(seg_text(text, 'en', extra=extra)) == 1 + 1 diff --git a/tests/test_text2lists.py b/tests/test_text2lists.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..34f217d7ce17d29292bc0da9269b0d91958e8ddc --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_text2lists.py @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +"""Test text2lists.""" +from pathlib import Path +from radiobee.loadtext import loadtext +from radiobee.text2lists import text2lists + + +def test_text2lists(): + """Test text2lists data\test-dual.txt.""" + filename = r"data\test-dual.txt" + text = loadtext(filename) # noqa + l1, l2 = text2lists(text) + assert l2[0] in [""] + assert "国际\n中\n双语" in l1[0] + + +def test_shakespeare1000(): + """Separate first 1000. + + from pathlib import Path + import zipfile + dir_loc = r"" + filename = r"莎士比亚 - 莎士比亚全集（套装共39本 英汉双语）-外语教学与研究出版社 (2016).txt.zip" + zfile = zipfile.ZipFile(Path(dir_loc) / filename) + res_bytes = zfile.read(zfile.infolist()[0]) + encoding = cchardet.detect(res_bytes).get("encoding") + + text1000 = [] + line = 0 + numb_lines = 4000 + for elm in res_bytes.splitlines(): + if elm.decode(encoding).strip(): + text1000.append(elm.decode(encoding)) + if line >= numb_lines - 1: + break + line += 1 + Path(f"data/shakespeare-zh-en-{numb_lines}.txt").write_text("\n".join(text1000), encoding="utf8") + + tset = cmat2test(cmat) + df = pd.DataFrame(tset).rename(columns=dict(zip(range(0, 3), ['x', 'y', 'cos']))) + plot_df(df) + + """ + # text1000a = Path("data/shakespeare-zh-en-1000.txt").read_text(encoding="utf8") + # text2000 = Path("data/shakespeare-zh-en-1000.txt").read_text(encoding="utf8") + text4000 = Path("data/shakespeare-zh-en-4000.txt").read_text(encoding="utf8") + + # l1000a, l10002b = text2lists(text1000) + # l2000a, l2000b = text2lists(text2000) + + l4000, r4000 = text2lists(text4000) + + +def test_test_dual(): + """Test data/test-dual.txt.""" + test_dual = Path("data/test-dual.txt").read_text(encoding="utf8") + + l_dual, r_dual = text2lists(test_dual) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/tests/test_text2lists_bug2.py b/tests/test_text2lists_bug2.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4a0323a2d7939844ef6e8369b2a82115881ab6d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_text2lists_bug2.py @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +"""Test text2lists.""" +from pathlib import Path +from radiobee.loadtext import loadtext +from radiobee.text2lists import text2lists + + +def test_text2lists_bug2(): + """Test text2lists data\问题2测试文件.txt.""" + filename = r"data\问题2测试文件.txt" + text = loadtext(filename) # noqa + l1, l2 = text2lists(text) + # assert l2[0] in [""] + # assert "国际\n中\n双语" in l1[0] + + assert len(l1) == 4 + assert len(l2) == 5 diff --git a/tests/test_zh.txt b/tests/test_zh.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3f8318537fd71e98041d62c555a892aa9a2156ae --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_zh.txt @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +呼啸山庄 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +第二章 + + 英文 + + +昨天下午又冷又有雾。我想就在书房炉边消磨一下午，不想踩着杂草污泥到呼啸山庄了。 + +但是，吃过午饭（注意——我在十二点与一点钟之间吃午饭，而可以当作这所房子的附属物的管家婆，一位慈祥的太太却不能，或者并不愿理解我请求在五点钟开饭的用意），在我怀着这个懒惰的想法上了楼，迈进屋子的时候，看见一个女仆跪在地上，身边是扫帚和煤斗。她正在用一堆堆煤渣封火，搞起一片弥漫的灰尘。这景象立刻把我赶回头了。我拿了帽子，走了四里路，到达了希刺克厉夫的花园口口，刚好躲过了一场今年初降的鹅毛大雪。 + +在那荒凉的山顶上，土地由于结了一层黑冰而冻得坚硬，冷空气使我四肢发抖。我弄不开门链，就跳进去，顺着两边种着蔓延的醋栗树丛的石路跑去。我白白地敲了半天门，一直敲到我的手指骨都痛了，狗也狂吠起来。 + +“倒霉的人家！”我心里直叫，“只为你这样无礼待客，就该一辈子跟人群隔离。我至少还不会在白天把门闩住。我才不管呢——我要进去！”如此决定了。我就抓住门闩，使劲摇它。苦脸的约瑟夫从谷仓的一个圆窗里探出头来。 + +“你干吗？”他大叫。“主人在牛栏里，你要是找他说话，就从这条路口绕过去。” + +“屋里没人开门吗？”我也叫起来。 + +“除了太太没有别人。你就是闹腾到夜里，她也不会开。” + +“为什么？你就不能告诉她我是谁吗，呃，约瑟夫？” + +“别找我！我才不管这些闲事呢，”这个脑袋咕噜着，又不见了。 + +雪开始下大了。我握住门柄又试一回。这时一个没穿外衣的年轻人，扛着一根草耙，在后面院子里出现了。他招呼我跟着他走，穿过了一个洗衣房和一片铺平的地，那儿有煤棚、抽水机和鸽笼，我们终于到了我上次被接待过的那间温暖的、热闹的大屋子。煤、炭和木材混合在一起燃起的熊熊炉火，使这屋子放着光彩。在准备摆上丰盛晚餐的桌旁，我很高兴地看到了那位“太太”，以前我从未料想到会有这么一个人存在的。我鞠躬等候，以为她会叫我坐下。她望望我，往她的椅背一靠，不动，也不出声。 + +“天气真坏！”我说，“希刺克厉夫太太，恐怕大门因为您的仆人偷懒而大吃苦头，我费了好大劲才使他们听见我敲门！” + +她死不开口。我瞪眼——她也瞪眼。反正她总是以一种冷冷的、漠不关心的神气盯住我，使人十分窘，而且不愉快。 + +“坐下吧，”那年轻人粗声粗气地说，“他就要来了。” + +我服从了；轻轻咳了一下，叫唤那恶狗朱诺。临到第二次会面，它总算赏脸，摇起尾巴尖，表示认我是熟人了。 + +“好漂亮的狗！”我又开始说话。“您是不是打算不要这些小的呢，夫人？” + +“那些不是我的，”这可爱可亲的女主人说，比希刺克厉夫本人所能回答的腔调还要更冷淡些。 + +“啊，您所心爱的是在这一堆里啦！”我转身指着一个看不清楚的靠垫上那一堆像猫似的东西，接着说下去。 + +“谁会爱这些东西那才怪呢！”她轻蔑地说。 + +倒霉，原来那是堆死兔子。我又轻咳一声，向火炉凑近些，又把今晚天气不好的话评论一通。 + +“你本来就不该出来。”她说，站起来去拿壁炉台上的两个彩色茶叶罐。 + +她原先坐在光线被遮住的地方，现在我把她的全身和面貌都看得清清楚楚。她苗条，显然还没有过青春期。挺好看的体态，还有一张我生平从未有幸见过的绝妙的小脸蛋。五官纤丽，非常漂亮。淡黄色的卷发，或者不如说是金黄色的，松松地垂在她那细嫩的颈上。至于眼睛，要是眼神能显得和悦些，就要使人无法抗拒了。对我这容易动情的心说来倒是常事，因为它们所表现的只是在轻蔑与近似绝望之间的一种情绪，而在那张脸上看见那样的眼神是特别不自然的。 + +她简直够不到茶叶罐。我动了一动，想帮她一下。她猛地扭转身向我，像守财奴看见别人打算帮他数他的金子一样。 + +“我不要你帮忙，”她怒气冲冲地说，“我自己拿得到。” + +“对不起！”我连忙回答。 + +“是请你来吃茶的吗？”她问，把一条围裙系在她那干净的黑衣服上，就这样站着，拿一匙茶叶正要往茶壶里倒。 + +“我很想喝杯茶。”我回答。 + +“是请你来的吗？”她又问。 + +“没有，”我说，勉强笑一笑。“您正好请我喝茶。” + +　 + + +目录 + 上一章 + 下一章 + + +返回首页