# coding=utf-8 # Copyright 2020-present the HuggingFace Inc. team. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """ Utilities for the Trainer and TFTrainer class. Should be independent from PyTorch and TensorFlow. """ import copy import functools import gc import inspect import os import random import re import threading import time from typing import Any, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple, Union import numpy as np from .utils import ( ExplicitEnum, is_psutil_available, is_tf_available, is_torch_available, is_torch_cuda_available, is_torch_mps_available, is_torch_npu_available, is_torch_tpu_available, is_torch_xpu_available, requires_backends, ) if is_torch_available(): import torch def seed_worker(_): """ Helper function to set worker seed during Dataloader initialization. """ worker_seed = torch.initial_seed() % 2**32 set_seed(worker_seed) def enable_full_determinism(seed: int, warn_only: bool = False): """ Helper function for reproducible behavior during distributed training. See - https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/notes/randomness.html for pytorch - https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/config/experimental/enable_op_determinism for tensorflow """ # set seed first set_seed(seed) if is_torch_available(): # Enable PyTorch deterministic mode. This potentially requires either the environment # variable 'CUDA_LAUNCH_BLOCKING' or 'CUBLAS_WORKSPACE_CONFIG' to be set, # depending on the CUDA version, so we set them both here os.environ["CUDA_LAUNCH_BLOCKING"] = "1" os.environ["CUBLAS_WORKSPACE_CONFIG"] = ":16:8" torch.use_deterministic_algorithms(True, warn_only=warn_only) # Enable CUDNN deterministic mode torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = False if is_tf_available(): import tensorflow as tf tf.config.experimental.enable_op_determinism() def set_seed(seed: int): """ Helper function for reproducible behavior to set the seed in `random`, `numpy`, `torch` and/or `tf` (if installed). Args: seed (`int`): The seed to set. """ random.seed(seed) np.random.seed(seed) if is_torch_available(): torch.manual_seed(seed) torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed) # ^^ safe to call this function even if cuda is not available if is_torch_npu_available(): torch.npu.manual_seed_all(seed) if is_torch_xpu_available(): torch.xpu.manual_seed_all(seed) if is_tf_available(): import tensorflow as tf tf.random.set_seed(seed) def neftune_post_forward_hook(module, input, output): """ Implements the NEFTune forward pass for the model using forward hooks. Note this works only for torch.nn.Embedding layers. This method is slightly adapted from the original source code that can be found here: https://github.com/neelsjain/NEFTune Simply add it to your model as follows: ```python model = ... model.embed_tokens.neftune_noise_alpha = 0.1 model.embed_tokens.register_forward_hook(neftune_post_forward_hook) ``` Args: module (`torch.nn.Module`): The embedding module where the hook is attached. Note that you need to set `module.neftune_noise_alpha` to the desired noise alpha value. input (`torch.Tensor`): The input tensor to the model. output (`torch.Tensor`): The output tensor of the model (i.e. the embeddings). """ if module.training: dims = torch.tensor(output.size(1) * output.size(2)) mag_norm = module.neftune_noise_alpha / torch.sqrt(dims) output = output + torch.zeros_like(output).uniform_(-mag_norm, mag_norm) return output class EvalPrediction: """ Evaluation output (always contains labels), to be used to compute metrics. Parameters: predictions (`np.ndarray`): Predictions of the model. label_ids (`np.ndarray`): Targets to be matched. inputs (`np.ndarray`, *optional*): """ def __init__( self, predictions: Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]], label_ids: Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]], inputs: Optional[Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]]] = None, ): self.predictions = predictions self.label_ids = label_ids self.inputs = inputs def __iter__(self): if self.inputs is not None: return iter((self.predictions, self.label_ids, self.inputs)) else: return iter((self.predictions, self.label_ids)) def __getitem__(self, idx): if idx < 0 or idx > 2: raise IndexError("tuple index out of range") if idx == 2 and self.inputs is None: raise IndexError("tuple index out of range") if idx == 0: return self.predictions elif idx == 1: return self.label_ids elif idx == 2: return self.inputs class EvalLoopOutput(NamedTuple): predictions: Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]] label_ids: Optional[Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]]] metrics: Optional[Dict[str, float]] num_samples: Optional[int] class PredictionOutput(NamedTuple): predictions: Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]] label_ids: Optional[Union[np.ndarray, Tuple[np.ndarray]]] metrics: Optional[Dict[str, float]] class TrainOutput(NamedTuple): global_step: int training_loss: float metrics: Dict[str, float] PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR = "checkpoint" _re_checkpoint = re.compile(r"^" + PREFIX_CHECKPOINT_DIR + r"\-(\d+)$") def get_last_checkpoint(folder): content = os.listdir(folder) checkpoints = [ path for path in content if _re_checkpoint.search(path) is not None and os.path.isdir(os.path.join(folder, path)) ] if len(checkpoints) == 0: return return os.path.join(folder, max(checkpoints, key=lambda x: int(_re_checkpoint.search(x).groups()[0]))) class IntervalStrategy(ExplicitEnum): NO = "no" STEPS = "steps" EPOCH = "epoch" class EvaluationStrategy(ExplicitEnum): NO = "no" STEPS = "steps" EPOCH = "epoch" class HubStrategy(ExplicitEnum): END = "end" EVERY_SAVE = "every_save" CHECKPOINT = "checkpoint" ALL_CHECKPOINTS = "all_checkpoints" class BestRun(NamedTuple): """ The best run found by a hyperparameter search (see [`~Trainer.hyperparameter_search`]). Parameters: run_id (`str`): The id of the best run (if models were saved, the corresponding checkpoint will be in the folder ending with run-{run_id}). objective (`float`): The objective that was obtained for this run. hyperparameters (`Dict[str, Any]`): The hyperparameters picked to get this run. run_summary (`Optional[Any]`): A summary of tuning experiments. `ray.tune.ExperimentAnalysis` object for Ray backend. """ run_id: str objective: Union[float, List[float]] hyperparameters: Dict[str, Any] run_summary: Optional[Any] = None def default_compute_objective(metrics: Dict[str, float]) -> float: """ The default objective to maximize/minimize when doing an hyperparameter search. It is the evaluation loss if no metrics are provided to the [`Trainer`], the sum of all metrics otherwise. Args: metrics (`Dict[str, float]`): The metrics returned by the evaluate method. Return: `float`: The objective to minimize or maximize """ metrics = copy.deepcopy(metrics) loss = metrics.pop("eval_loss", None) _ = metrics.pop("epoch", None) # Remove speed metrics speed_metrics = [ m for m in metrics.keys() if m.endswith("_runtime") or m.endswith("_per_second") or m.endswith("_compilation_time") ] for sm in speed_metrics: _ = metrics.pop(sm, None) return loss if len(metrics) == 0 else sum(metrics.values()) def default_hp_space_optuna(trial) -> Dict[str, float]: from .integrations import is_optuna_available assert is_optuna_available(), "This function needs Optuna installed: `pip install optuna`" return { "learning_rate": trial.suggest_float("learning_rate", 1e-6, 1e-4, log=True), "num_train_epochs": trial.suggest_int("num_train_epochs", 1, 5), "seed": trial.suggest_int("seed", 1, 40), "per_device_train_batch_size": trial.suggest_categorical("per_device_train_batch_size", [4, 8, 16, 32, 64]), } def default_hp_space_ray(trial) -> Dict[str, float]: from .integrations import is_ray_tune_available assert is_ray_tune_available(), "This function needs ray installed: `pip install ray[tune]`" from ray import tune return { "learning_rate": tune.loguniform(1e-6, 1e-4), "num_train_epochs": tune.choice(list(range(1, 6))), "seed": tune.uniform(1, 40), "per_device_train_batch_size": tune.choice([4, 8, 16, 32, 64]), } def default_hp_space_sigopt(trial): return [ {"bounds": {"min": 1e-6, "max": 1e-4}, "name": "learning_rate", "type": "double", "transformamtion": "log"}, {"bounds": {"min": 1, "max": 6}, "name": "num_train_epochs", "type": "int"}, {"bounds": {"min": 1, "max": 40}, "name": "seed", "type": "int"}, { "categorical_values": ["4", "8", "16", "32", "64"], "name": "per_device_train_batch_size", "type": "categorical", }, ] def default_hp_space_wandb(trial) -> Dict[str, float]: from .integrations import is_wandb_available if not is_wandb_available(): raise ImportError("This function needs wandb installed: `pip install wandb`") return { "method": "random", "metric": {"name": "objective", "goal": "minimize"}, "parameters": { "learning_rate": {"distribution": "uniform", "min": 1e-6, "max": 1e-4}, "num_train_epochs": {"distribution": "int_uniform", "min": 1, "max": 6}, "seed": {"distribution": "int_uniform", "min": 1, "max": 40}, "per_device_train_batch_size": {"values": [4, 8, 16, 32, 64]}, }, } class HPSearchBackend(ExplicitEnum): OPTUNA = "optuna" RAY = "ray" SIGOPT = "sigopt" WANDB = "wandb" def is_main_process(local_rank): """ Whether or not the current process is the local process, based on `xm.get_ordinal()` (for TPUs) first, then on `local_rank`. """ if is_torch_tpu_available(check_device=True): import torch_xla.core.xla_model as xm return xm.get_ordinal() == 0 return local_rank in [-1, 0] def total_processes_number(local_rank): """ Return the number of processes launched in parallel. Works with `torch.distributed` and TPUs. """ if is_torch_tpu_available(check_device=True): import torch_xla.core.xla_model as xm return xm.xrt_world_size() elif local_rank != -1 and is_torch_available(): import torch return torch.distributed.get_world_size() return 1 def speed_metrics(split, start_time, num_samples=None, num_steps=None, num_tokens=None): """ Measure and return speed performance metrics. This function requires a time snapshot `start_time` before the operation to be measured starts and this function should be run immediately after the operation to be measured has completed. Args: - split: name to prefix metric (like train, eval, test...) - start_time: operation start time - num_samples: number of samples processed - num_tokens: number of tokens processed """ runtime = time.time() - start_time result = {f"{split}_runtime": round(runtime, 4)} if runtime == 0: return result if num_samples is not None: samples_per_second = num_samples / runtime result[f"{split}_samples_per_second"] = round(samples_per_second, 3) if num_steps is not None: steps_per_second = num_steps / runtime result[f"{split}_steps_per_second"] = round(steps_per_second, 3) if num_tokens is not None: tokens_per_second = num_tokens / runtime result[f"{split}_tokens_per_second"] = round(tokens_per_second, 3) return result class SchedulerType(ExplicitEnum): LINEAR = "linear" COSINE = "cosine" COSINE_WITH_RESTARTS = "cosine_with_restarts" POLYNOMIAL = "polynomial" CONSTANT = "constant" CONSTANT_WITH_WARMUP = "constant_with_warmup" INVERSE_SQRT = "inverse_sqrt" REDUCE_ON_PLATEAU = "reduce_lr_on_plateau" class TrainerMemoryTracker: """ A helper class that tracks cpu and gpu memory. This class will silently skip unless `psutil` is available. Install with `pip install psutil`. When a stage completes, it can pass metrics dict to update with the memory metrics gathered during this stage. Example : ```python self._memory_tracker = TrainerMemoryTracker(self.args.skip_memory_metrics) self._memory_tracker.start() # code ... metrics = {"train_runtime": 10.5} self._memory_tracker.stop_and_update_metrics(metrics) ``` At the moment GPU tracking is only for `pytorch`, but can be extended to support `tensorflow`. To understand this class' intricacies please read the documentation of [`~Trainer.log_metrics`]. """ # map trainer methods to metrics prefix stages = { "__init__": "init", "train": "train", "_inner_training_loop": "train", "evaluate": "eval", "predict": "test", } def __init__(self, skip_memory_metrics=False): self.skip_memory_metrics = skip_memory_metrics if not is_psutil_available(): # soft dependency on psutil self.skip_memory_metrics = True if self.skip_memory_metrics: return import psutil # noqa if is_torch_cuda_available(): import torch self.torch = torch self.gpu = {} elif is_torch_mps_available(): import torch self.torch = torch self.gpu = {} elif is_torch_xpu_available(): import torch self.torch = torch self.gpu = {} elif is_torch_npu_available(): import torch self.torch = torch self.gpu = {} else: self.torch = None self.process = psutil.Process() self.cur_stage = None self.cpu = {} self.init_reported = False def derive_stage(self): """derives the stage/caller name automatically""" caller = inspect.currentframe().f_back.f_back.f_code.co_name if caller in self.stages: return self.stages[caller] else: raise ValueError( f"was called from {caller}, but only expect to be called from one of {self.stages.keys()}" ) def cpu_mem_used(self): """get resident set size memory for the current process""" return self.process.memory_info().rss def peak_monitor_func(self): self.cpu_mem_used_peak = -1 while True: self.cpu_mem_used_peak = max(self.cpu_mem_used(), self.cpu_mem_used_peak) # can't sleep or will not catch the peak right (this comment is here on purpose) # time.sleep(0.001) # 1msec if not self.peak_monitoring: break def start(self): """start tracking for the caller's stage""" if self.skip_memory_metrics: return stage = self.derive_stage() # deal with nested calls of eval during train - simply ignore those if self.cur_stage is not None and self.cur_stage != stage: return self.cur_stage = stage gc.collect() if self.torch is not None: if torch.cuda.is_available(): self.torch.cuda.reset_peak_memory_stats() self.torch.cuda.empty_cache() elif is_torch_xpu_available(): self.torch.xpu.reset_peak_memory_stats() self.torch.xpu.empty_cache() elif is_torch_npu_available(): self.torch.npu.reset_peak_memory_stats() self.torch.npu.empty_cache() # gpu if self.torch is not None: if torch.cuda.is_available(): self.gpu_mem_used_at_start = self.torch.cuda.memory_allocated() elif is_torch_xpu_available(): self.gpu_mem_used_at_start = self.torch.xpu.memory_allocated() elif is_torch_npu_available(): self.gpu_mem_used_at_start = self.torch.npu.memory_allocated() # cpu self.cpu_mem_used_at_start = self.cpu_mem_used() self.peak_monitoring = True peak_monitor_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.peak_monitor_func) peak_monitor_thread.daemon = True peak_monitor_thread.start() def stop(self, stage): """stop tracking for the passed stage""" # deal with nested calls of eval during train - simply ignore those if self.cur_stage is not None and self.cur_stage != stage: return # this sends a signal to peak_monitor_func to complete its loop self.peak_monitoring = False # first ensure all objects get collected and their memory is freed gc.collect() if self.torch is not None: if torch.cuda.is_available(): self.torch.cuda.empty_cache() elif is_torch_xpu_available(): self.torch.xpu.empty_cache() elif is_torch_npu_available(): self.torch.npu.empty_cache() # concepts: # - alloc_delta: the difference of allocated memory between the end and the start # - peaked_delta: the difference between the peak memory and the current memory # in order to know how much memory the measured code consumed one needs to sum these two # gpu if self.torch is not None: if torch.cuda.is_available(): self.gpu_mem_used_now = self.torch.cuda.memory_allocated() self.gpu_mem_used_peak = self.torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated() elif is_torch_xpu_available(): self.gpu_mem_used_now = self.torch.xpu.memory_allocated() self.gpu_mem_used_peak = self.torch.xpu.max_memory_allocated() elif is_torch_npu_available(): self.gpu_mem_used_now = self.torch.npu.memory_allocated() self.gpu_mem_used_peak = self.torch.npu.max_memory_allocated() else: raise ValueError("No available GPU device found!") self.gpu[self.cur_stage] = { "begin": self.gpu_mem_used_at_start, "end": self.gpu_mem_used_now, "alloc": (self.gpu_mem_used_now - self.gpu_mem_used_at_start), "peaked": max(0, self.gpu_mem_used_peak - self.gpu_mem_used_now), } # cpu self.cpu_mem_used_now = self.cpu_mem_used() self.cpu[self.cur_stage] = { "begin": self.cpu_mem_used_at_start, "end": self.cpu_mem_used_now, "alloc": (self.cpu_mem_used_now - self.cpu_mem_used_at_start), "peaked": max(0, self.cpu_mem_used_peak - self.cpu_mem_used_now), } # reset - cycle finished self.cur_stage = None def update_metrics(self, stage, metrics): """updates the metrics""" if self.skip_memory_metrics: return # deal with nested calls of eval during train - simply ignore those if self.cur_stage is not None and self.cur_stage != stage: return # since we don't have a way to return init metrics, we push them into the first of train/val/predict stages = [stage] if not self.init_reported: stages.insert(0, "init") self.init_reported = True for stage in stages: for t in ["alloc", "peaked"]: if stage in self.cpu and t in self.cpu[stage]: metrics[f"{stage}_mem_cpu_{t}_delta"] = self.cpu[stage][t] if self.torch is not None and stage in self.gpu and t in self.gpu[stage]: metrics[f"{stage}_mem_gpu_{t}_delta"] = self.gpu[stage][t] # if we need additional debug info, enable the following # for t in ["begin", "end"]: # if stage in self.cpu and t in self.cpu[stage]: # metrics[f"{stage}_mem_cpu_{t}"] = self.cpu[stage][t] # if self.torch is not None and stage in self.gpu and t in self.gpu[stage]: # metrics[f"{stage}_mem_gpu_{t}"] = self.gpu[stage][t] # since memory can be allocated before init, and it might be difficult to track overall # memory usage, in particular for GPU, let's report memory usage at the point init was called if stages[0] == "init": metrics["before_init_mem_cpu"] = self.cpu["init"]["begin"] if self.torch is not None: metrics["before_init_mem_gpu"] = self.gpu["init"]["begin"] # if we also wanted to report any additional memory allocations in between init and # whatever the next stage was we could also report this: # if self.cpu["init"]["end"] != self.cpu[stage]["begin"]: # metrics[f"after_init_mem_cpu_delta"] = self.cpu[stage]["begin"] - self.cpu["init"]["end"] # if self.torch is not None and self.gpu["init"]["end"] != self.gpu[stage]["begin"]: # metrics[f"after_init_mem_gpu_delta"] = self.gpu[stage]["begin"] - self.gpu["init"]["end"] def stop_and_update_metrics(self, metrics=None): """combine stop and metrics update in one call for simpler code""" if self.skip_memory_metrics: return stage = self.derive_stage() self.stop(stage) # init doesn't have metrics to update so we just save that data for later stages to retrieve if metrics is not None: self.update_metrics(stage, metrics) def has_length(dataset): """ Checks if the dataset implements __len__() and it doesn't raise an error """ try: return len(dataset) is not None except TypeError: # TypeError: len() of unsized object return False def denumpify_detensorize(metrics): """ Recursively calls `.item()` on the element of the dictionary passed """ if isinstance(metrics, (list, tuple)): return type(metrics)(denumpify_detensorize(m) for m in metrics) elif isinstance(metrics, dict): return type(metrics)({k: denumpify_detensorize(v) for k, v in metrics.items()}) elif isinstance(metrics, np.generic): return metrics.item() elif is_torch_available() and isinstance(metrics, torch.Tensor) and metrics.numel() == 1: return metrics.item() return metrics def number_of_arguments(func): """ Return the number of arguments of the passed function, even if it's a partial function. """ if isinstance(func, functools.partial): total_args = len(inspect.signature(func.func).parameters) return total_args - len(func.args) - len(func.keywords) return len(inspect.signature(func).parameters) def find_executable_batch_size( function: callable = None, starting_batch_size: int = 128, auto_find_batch_size: bool = False ): """ Args: A basic decorator that will try to execute `function`. If it fails from exceptions related to out-of-memory or CUDNN, the batch size is cut in half and passed to `function`. `function` must take in a `batch_size` parameter as its first argument. function (`callable`, *optional*) A function to wrap starting_batch_size (`int`, *optional*) The batch size to try and fit into memory auto_find_batch_size (`bool`, *optional*) If False, will just execute `function` """ if function is None: return functools.partial( find_executable_batch_size, starting_batch_size=starting_batch_size, auto_find_batch_size=auto_find_batch_size, ) if auto_find_batch_size: requires_backends(find_executable_batch_size, "accelerate") from accelerate.utils import find_executable_batch_size as accelerate_find_executable_batch_size return accelerate_find_executable_batch_size(function=function, starting_batch_size=starting_batch_size) return functools.partial(function, batch_size=starting_batch_size) class FSDPOption(ExplicitEnum): FULL_SHARD = "full_shard" SHARD_GRAD_OP = "shard_grad_op" NO_SHARD = "no_shard" HYBRID_SHARD = "hybrid_shard" HYBRID_SHARD_ZERO2 = "hybrid_shard_zero2" OFFLOAD = "offload" AUTO_WRAP = "auto_wrap" class RemoveColumnsCollator: """Wrap the data collator to remove unused columns before they are passed to the collator.""" def __init__( self, data_collator, signature_columns, logger=None, model_name: Optional[str] = None, description: Optional[str] = None, ): self.data_collator = data_collator self.signature_columns = signature_columns self.logger = logger self.description = description self.model_name = model_name self.message_logged = False def _remove_columns(self, feature: dict) -> dict: if not isinstance(feature, dict): return feature if not self.message_logged and self.logger and self.model_name: ignored_columns = list(set(feature.keys()) - set(self.signature_columns)) if len(ignored_columns) > 0: dset_description = "" if self.description is None else f"in the {self.description} set" self.logger.info( f"The following columns {dset_description} don't have a corresponding argument in " f"`{self.model_name}.forward` and have been ignored: {', '.join(ignored_columns)}." f" If {', '.join(ignored_columns)} are not expected by `{self.model_name}.forward`, " " you can safely ignore this message." ) self.message_logged = True return {k: v for k, v in feature.items() if k in self.signature_columns} def __call__(self, features: List[dict]): features = [self._remove_columns(feature) for feature in features] return self.data_collator(features)