#!/usr/bin/env python # coding=utf-8 # Copyright 2021 The HuggingFace Team All rights reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """ Pre-training/Fine-tuning ViT for image classification . Here is the full list of checkpoints on the hub that can be fine-tuned by this script: https://huggingface.co/models?filter=vit """ import logging import os import sys import time import warnings from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass, field from enum import Enum from pathlib import Path from typing import Callable, Optional import jax import jax.numpy as jnp import optax # for dataset and preprocessing import torch import torchvision import torchvision.transforms as transforms from flax import jax_utils from flax.jax_utils import pad_shard_unpad, unreplicate from flax.training import train_state from flax.training.common_utils import get_metrics, onehot, shard, shard_prng_key from huggingface_hub import Repository, create_repo from tqdm import tqdm import transformers from transformers import ( CONFIG_MAPPING, FLAX_MODEL_FOR_IMAGE_CLASSIFICATION_MAPPING, AutoConfig, FlaxAutoModelForImageClassification, HfArgumentParser, is_tensorboard_available, set_seed, ) from transformers.utils import send_example_telemetry logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) MODEL_CONFIG_CLASSES = list(FLAX_MODEL_FOR_IMAGE_CLASSIFICATION_MAPPING.keys()) MODEL_TYPES = tuple(conf.model_type for conf in MODEL_CONFIG_CLASSES) @dataclass class TrainingArguments: output_dir: str = field( metadata={"help": "The output directory where the model predictions and checkpoints will be written."}, ) overwrite_output_dir: bool = field( default=False, metadata={ "help": ( "Overwrite the content of the output directory. " "Use this to continue training if output_dir points to a checkpoint directory." ) }, ) do_train: bool = field(default=False, metadata={"help": "Whether to run training."}) do_eval: bool = field(default=False, metadata={"help": "Whether to run eval on the dev set."}) per_device_train_batch_size: int = field( default=8, metadata={"help": "Batch size per GPU/TPU core/CPU for training."} ) per_device_eval_batch_size: int = field( default=8, metadata={"help": "Batch size per GPU/TPU core/CPU for evaluation."} ) learning_rate: float = field(default=5e-5, metadata={"help": "The initial learning rate for AdamW."}) weight_decay: float = field(default=0.0, metadata={"help": "Weight decay for AdamW if we apply some."}) adam_beta1: float = field(default=0.9, metadata={"help": "Beta1 for AdamW optimizer"}) adam_beta2: float = field(default=0.999, metadata={"help": "Beta2 for AdamW optimizer"}) adam_epsilon: float = field(default=1e-8, metadata={"help": "Epsilon for AdamW optimizer."}) adafactor: bool = field(default=False, metadata={"help": "Whether or not to replace AdamW by Adafactor."}) num_train_epochs: float = field(default=3.0, metadata={"help": "Total number of training epochs to perform."}) warmup_steps: int = field(default=0, metadata={"help": "Linear warmup over warmup_steps."}) logging_steps: int = field(default=500, metadata={"help": "Log every X updates steps."}) save_steps: int = field(default=500, metadata={"help": "Save checkpoint every X updates steps."}) eval_steps: int = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "Run an evaluation every X steps."}) seed: int = field(default=42, metadata={"help": "Random seed that will be set at the beginning of training."}) push_to_hub: bool = field( default=False, metadata={"help": "Whether or not to upload the trained model to the model hub after training."} ) hub_model_id: str = field( default=None, metadata={"help": "The name of the repository to keep in sync with the local `output_dir`."} ) hub_token: str = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "The token to use to push to the Model Hub."}) def __post_init__(self): if self.output_dir is not None: self.output_dir = os.path.expanduser(self.output_dir) def to_dict(self): """ Serializes this instance while replace `Enum` by their values (for JSON serialization support). It obfuscates the token values by removing their value. """ d = asdict(self) for k, v in d.items(): if isinstance(v, Enum): d[k] = v.value if isinstance(v, list) and len(v) > 0 and isinstance(v[0], Enum): d[k] = [x.value for x in v] if k.endswith("_token"): d[k] = f"<{k.upper()}>" return d @dataclass class ModelArguments: """ Arguments pertaining to which model/config/tokenizer we are going to fine-tune, or train from scratch. """ model_name_or_path: Optional[str] = field( default=None, metadata={ "help": ( "The model checkpoint for weights initialization. Don't set if you want to train a model from scratch." ) }, ) model_type: Optional[str] = field( default=None, metadata={"help": "If training from scratch, pass a model type from the list: " + ", ".join(MODEL_TYPES)}, ) config_name: Optional[str] = field( default=None, metadata={"help": "Pretrained config name or path if not the same as model_name"} ) cache_dir: Optional[str] = field( default=None, metadata={"help": "Where do you want to store the pretrained models downloaded from s3"} ) dtype: Optional[str] = field( default="float32", metadata={ "help": ( "Floating-point format in which the model weights should be initialized and trained. Choose one of" " `[float32, float16, bfloat16]`." ) }, ) token: str = field( default=None, metadata={ "help": ( "The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If not specified, will use the token " "generated when running `huggingface-cli login` (stored in `~/.huggingface`)." ) }, ) use_auth_token: bool = field( default=None, metadata={ "help": "The `use_auth_token` argument is deprecated and will be removed in v4.34. Please use `token`." }, ) trust_remote_code: bool = field( default=False, metadata={ "help": ( "Whether or not to allow for custom models defined on the Hub in their own modeling files. This option" "should only be set to `True` for repositories you trust and in which you have read the code, as it will" "execute code present on the Hub on your local machine." ) }, ) @dataclass class DataTrainingArguments: """ Arguments pertaining to what data we are going to input our model for training and eval. """ train_dir: str = field( metadata={"help": "Path to the root training directory which contains one subdirectory per class."} ) validation_dir: str = field( metadata={"help": "Path to the root validation directory which contains one subdirectory per class."}, ) image_size: Optional[int] = field(default=224, metadata={"help": " The size (resolution) of each image."}) max_train_samples: Optional[int] = field( default=None, metadata={ "help": ( "For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of training examples to this " "value if set." ) }, ) max_eval_samples: Optional[int] = field( default=None, metadata={ "help": ( "For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of evaluation examples to this " "value if set." ) }, ) overwrite_cache: bool = field( default=False, metadata={"help": "Overwrite the cached training and evaluation sets"} ) preprocessing_num_workers: Optional[int] = field( default=None, metadata={"help": "The number of processes to use for the preprocessing."}, ) class TrainState(train_state.TrainState): dropout_rng: jnp.ndarray def replicate(self): return jax_utils.replicate(self).replace(dropout_rng=shard_prng_key(self.dropout_rng)) def write_metric(summary_writer, train_metrics, eval_metrics, train_time, step): summary_writer.scalar("train_time", train_time, step) train_metrics = get_metrics(train_metrics) for key, vals in train_metrics.items(): tag = f"train_{key}" for i, val in enumerate(vals): summary_writer.scalar(tag, val, step - len(vals) + i + 1) for metric_name, value in eval_metrics.items(): summary_writer.scalar(f"eval_{metric_name}", value, step) def create_learning_rate_fn( train_ds_size: int, train_batch_size: int, num_train_epochs: int, num_warmup_steps: int, learning_rate: float ) -> Callable[[int], jnp.array]: """Returns a linear warmup, linear_decay learning rate function.""" steps_per_epoch = train_ds_size // train_batch_size num_train_steps = steps_per_epoch * num_train_epochs warmup_fn = optax.linear_schedule(init_value=0.0, end_value=learning_rate, transition_steps=num_warmup_steps) decay_fn = optax.linear_schedule( init_value=learning_rate, end_value=0, transition_steps=num_train_steps - num_warmup_steps ) schedule_fn = optax.join_schedules(schedules=[warmup_fn, decay_fn], boundaries=[num_warmup_steps]) return schedule_fn def main(): # See all possible arguments in src/transformers/training_args.py # or by passing the --help flag to this script. # We now keep distinct sets of args, for a cleaner separation of concerns. parser = HfArgumentParser((ModelArguments, DataTrainingArguments, TrainingArguments)) if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"): # If we pass only one argument to the script and it's the path to a json file, # let's parse it to get our arguments. model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_json_file(json_file=os.path.abspath(sys.argv[1])) else: model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses() if model_args.use_auth_token is not None: warnings.warn("The `use_auth_token` argument is deprecated and will be removed in v4.34.", FutureWarning) if model_args.token is not None: raise ValueError("`token` and `use_auth_token` are both specified. Please set only the argument `token`.") model_args.token = model_args.use_auth_token # Sending telemetry. Tracking the example usage helps us better allocate resources to maintain them. The # information sent is the one passed as arguments along with your Python/PyTorch versions. send_example_telemetry("run_image_classification", model_args, data_args, framework="flax") if ( os.path.exists(training_args.output_dir) and os.listdir(training_args.output_dir) and training_args.do_train and not training_args.overwrite_output_dir ): raise ValueError( f"Output directory ({training_args.output_dir}) already exists and is not empty." "Use --overwrite_output_dir to overcome." ) # Make one log on every process with the configuration for debugging. logging.basicConfig( format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(name)s - %(message)s", datefmt="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S", level=logging.INFO, ) # Setup logging, we only want one process per machine to log things on the screen. logger.setLevel(logging.INFO if jax.process_index() == 0 else logging.ERROR) if jax.process_index() == 0: transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_info() else: transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_error() # Set the verbosity to info of the Transformers logger (on main process only): logger.info(f"Training/evaluation parameters {training_args}") # set seed for random transforms and torch dataloaders set_seed(training_args.seed) # Handle the repository creation if training_args.push_to_hub: # Retrieve of infer repo_name repo_name = training_args.hub_model_id if repo_name is None: repo_name = Path(training_args.output_dir).absolute().name # Create repo and retrieve repo_id repo_id = create_repo(repo_name, exist_ok=True, token=training_args.hub_token).repo_id # Clone repo locally repo = Repository(training_args.output_dir, clone_from=repo_id, token=training_args.hub_token) # Initialize datasets and pre-processing transforms # We use torchvision here for faster pre-processing # Note that here we are using some default pre-processing, for maximum accuray # one should tune this part and carefully select what transformations to use. normalize = transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.5, 0.5, 0.5], std=[0.5, 0.5, 0.5]) train_dataset = torchvision.datasets.ImageFolder( data_args.train_dir, transforms.Compose( [ transforms.RandomResizedCrop(data_args.image_size), transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(), transforms.ToTensor(), normalize, ] ), ) eval_dataset = torchvision.datasets.ImageFolder( data_args.validation_dir, transforms.Compose( [ transforms.Resize(data_args.image_size), transforms.CenterCrop(data_args.image_size), transforms.ToTensor(), normalize, ] ), ) # Load pretrained model and tokenizer if model_args.config_name: config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained( model_args.config_name, num_labels=len(train_dataset.classes), image_size=data_args.image_size, cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir, token=model_args.token, trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code, ) elif model_args.model_name_or_path: config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained( model_args.model_name_or_path, num_labels=len(train_dataset.classes), image_size=data_args.image_size, cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir, token=model_args.token, trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code, ) else: config = CONFIG_MAPPING[model_args.model_type]() logger.warning("You are instantiating a new config instance from scratch.") if model_args.model_name_or_path: model = FlaxAutoModelForImageClassification.from_pretrained( model_args.model_name_or_path, config=config, seed=training_args.seed, dtype=getattr(jnp, model_args.dtype), token=model_args.token, trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code, ) else: model = FlaxAutoModelForImageClassification.from_config( config, seed=training_args.seed, dtype=getattr(jnp, model_args.dtype), trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code, ) # Store some constant num_epochs = int(training_args.num_train_epochs) train_batch_size = int(training_args.per_device_train_batch_size) * jax.device_count() per_device_eval_batch_size = int(training_args.per_device_eval_batch_size) eval_batch_size = per_device_eval_batch_size * jax.device_count() steps_per_epoch = len(train_dataset) // train_batch_size total_train_steps = steps_per_epoch * num_epochs def collate_fn(examples): pixel_values = torch.stack([example[0] for example in examples]) labels = torch.tensor([example[1] for example in examples]) batch = {"pixel_values": pixel_values, "labels": labels} batch = {k: v.numpy() for k, v in batch.items()} return batch # Create data loaders train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader( train_dataset, batch_size=train_batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=data_args.preprocessing_num_workers, persistent_workers=True, drop_last=True, collate_fn=collate_fn, ) eval_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader( eval_dataset, batch_size=eval_batch_size, shuffle=False, num_workers=data_args.preprocessing_num_workers, persistent_workers=True, drop_last=False, collate_fn=collate_fn, ) # Enable tensorboard only on the master node has_tensorboard = is_tensorboard_available() if has_tensorboard and jax.process_index() == 0: try: from flax.metrics.tensorboard import SummaryWriter summary_writer = SummaryWriter(log_dir=Path(training_args.output_dir)) except ImportError as ie: has_tensorboard = False logger.warning( f"Unable to display metrics through TensorBoard because some package are not installed: {ie}" ) else: logger.warning( "Unable to display metrics through TensorBoard because the package is not installed: " "Please run pip install tensorboard to enable." ) # Initialize our training rng = jax.random.PRNGKey(training_args.seed) rng, dropout_rng = jax.random.split(rng) # Create learning rate schedule linear_decay_lr_schedule_fn = create_learning_rate_fn( len(train_dataset), train_batch_size, training_args.num_train_epochs, training_args.warmup_steps, training_args.learning_rate, ) # create adam optimizer adamw = optax.adamw( learning_rate=linear_decay_lr_schedule_fn, b1=training_args.adam_beta1, b2=training_args.adam_beta2, eps=training_args.adam_epsilon, weight_decay=training_args.weight_decay, ) # Setup train state state = TrainState.create(apply_fn=model.__call__, params=model.params, tx=adamw, dropout_rng=dropout_rng) def loss_fn(logits, labels): loss = optax.softmax_cross_entropy(logits, onehot(labels, logits.shape[-1])) return loss.mean() # Define gradient update step fn def train_step(state, batch): dropout_rng, new_dropout_rng = jax.random.split(state.dropout_rng) def compute_loss(params): labels = batch.pop("labels") logits = state.apply_fn(**batch, params=params, dropout_rng=dropout_rng, train=True)[0] loss = loss_fn(logits, labels) return loss grad_fn = jax.value_and_grad(compute_loss) loss, grad = grad_fn(state.params) grad = jax.lax.pmean(grad, "batch") new_state = state.apply_gradients(grads=grad, dropout_rng=new_dropout_rng) metrics = {"loss": loss, "learning_rate": linear_decay_lr_schedule_fn(state.step)} metrics = jax.lax.pmean(metrics, axis_name="batch") return new_state, metrics # Define eval fn def eval_step(params, batch): labels = batch.pop("labels") logits = model(**batch, params=params, train=False)[0] loss = loss_fn(logits, labels) # summarize metrics accuracy = (jnp.argmax(logits, axis=-1) == labels).mean() metrics = {"loss": loss, "accuracy": accuracy} metrics = jax.lax.pmean(metrics, axis_name="batch") return metrics # Create parallel version of the train and eval step p_train_step = jax.pmap(train_step, "batch", donate_argnums=(0,)) p_eval_step = jax.pmap(eval_step, "batch") # Replicate the train state on each device state = state.replicate() logger.info("***** Running training *****") logger.info(f" Num examples = {len(train_dataset)}") logger.info(f" Num Epochs = {num_epochs}") logger.info(f" Instantaneous batch size per device = {training_args.per_device_train_batch_size}") logger.info(f" Total train batch size (w. parallel & distributed) = {train_batch_size}") logger.info(f" Total optimization steps = {total_train_steps}") train_time = 0 epochs = tqdm(range(num_epochs), desc=f"Epoch ... (1/{num_epochs})", position=0) for epoch in epochs: # ======================== Training ================================ train_start = time.time() # Create sampling rng rng, input_rng = jax.random.split(rng) train_metrics = [] steps_per_epoch = len(train_dataset) // train_batch_size train_step_progress_bar = tqdm(total=steps_per_epoch, desc="Training...", position=1, leave=False) # train for batch in train_loader: batch = shard(batch) state, train_metric = p_train_step(state, batch) train_metrics.append(train_metric) train_step_progress_bar.update(1) train_time += time.time() - train_start train_metric = unreplicate(train_metric) train_step_progress_bar.close() epochs.write( f"Epoch... ({epoch + 1}/{num_epochs} | Loss: {train_metric['loss']}, Learning Rate:" f" {train_metric['learning_rate']})" ) # ======================== Evaluating ============================== eval_metrics = [] eval_steps = len(eval_dataset) // eval_batch_size eval_step_progress_bar = tqdm(total=eval_steps, desc="Evaluating...", position=2, leave=False) for batch in eval_loader: # Model forward metrics = pad_shard_unpad(p_eval_step, static_return=True)( state.params, batch, min_device_batch=per_device_eval_batch_size ) eval_metrics.append(metrics) eval_step_progress_bar.update(1) # normalize eval metrics eval_metrics = get_metrics(eval_metrics) eval_metrics = jax.tree_util.tree_map(jnp.mean, eval_metrics) # Print metrics and update progress bar eval_step_progress_bar.close() desc = ( f"Epoch... ({epoch + 1}/{num_epochs} | Eval Loss: {round(eval_metrics['loss'].item(), 4)} | " f"Eval Accuracy: {round(eval_metrics['accuracy'].item(), 4)})" ) epochs.write(desc) epochs.desc = desc # Save metrics if has_tensorboard and jax.process_index() == 0: cur_step = epoch * (len(train_dataset) // train_batch_size) write_metric(summary_writer, train_metrics, eval_metrics, train_time, cur_step) # save checkpoint after each epoch and push checkpoint to the hub if jax.process_index() == 0: params = jax.device_get(jax.tree_util.tree_map(lambda x: x[0], state.params)) model.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir, params=params) if training_args.push_to_hub: repo.push_to_hub(commit_message=f"Saving weights and logs of epoch {epoch}", blocking=False) if __name__ == "__main__": main()