# LayoutLM ## Overview The LayoutLM model was proposed in the paper [LayoutLM: Pre-training of Text and Layout for Document Image Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.13318) by Yiheng Xu, Minghao Li, Lei Cui, Shaohan Huang, Furu Wei, and Ming Zhou. It's a simple but effective pretraining method of text and layout for document image understanding and information extraction tasks, such as form understanding and receipt understanding. It obtains state-of-the-art results on several downstream tasks: - form understanding: the [FUNSD](https://guillaumejaume.github.io/FUNSD/) dataset (a collection of 199 annotated forms comprising more than 30,000 words). - receipt understanding: the [SROIE](https://rrc.cvc.uab.es/?ch=13) dataset (a collection of 626 receipts for training and 347 receipts for testing). - document image classification: the [RVL-CDIP](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~aharley/rvl-cdip/) dataset (a collection of 400,000 images belonging to one of 16 classes). The abstract from the paper is the following: *Pre-training techniques have been verified successfully in a variety of NLP tasks in recent years. Despite the widespread use of pretraining models for NLP applications, they almost exclusively focus on text-level manipulation, while neglecting layout and style information that is vital for document image understanding. In this paper, we propose the LayoutLM to jointly model interactions between text and layout information across scanned document images, which is beneficial for a great number of real-world document image understanding tasks such as information extraction from scanned documents. Furthermore, we also leverage image features to incorporate words' visual information into LayoutLM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that text and layout are jointly learned in a single framework for document-level pretraining. It achieves new state-of-the-art results in several downstream tasks, including form understanding (from 70.72 to 79.27), receipt understanding (from 94.02 to 95.24) and document image classification (from 93.07 to 94.42).* Tips: - In addition to *input_ids*, [`~transformers.LayoutLMModel.forward`] also expects the input `bbox`, which are the bounding boxes (i.e. 2D-positions) of the input tokens. These can be obtained using an external OCR engine such as Google's [Tesseract](https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract) (there's a [Python wrapper](https://pypi.org/project/pytesseract/) available). Each bounding box should be in (x0, y0, x1, y1) format, where (x0, y0) corresponds to the position of the upper left corner in the bounding box, and (x1, y1) represents the position of the lower right corner. Note that one first needs to normalize the bounding boxes to be on a 0-1000 scale. To normalize, you can use the following function: ```python def normalize_bbox(bbox, width, height): return [ int(1000 * (bbox[0] / width)), int(1000 * (bbox[1] / height)), int(1000 * (bbox[2] / width)), int(1000 * (bbox[3] / height)), ] ``` Here, `width` and `height` correspond to the width and height of the original document in which the token occurs. Those can be obtained using the Python Image Library (PIL) library for example, as follows: ```python from PIL import Image # Document can be a png, jpg, etc. PDFs must be converted to images. image = Image.open(name_of_your_document).convert("RGB") width, height = image.size ``` ## Resources A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started with LayoutLM. If you're interested in submitting a resource to be included here, please feel free to open a Pull Request and we'll review it! The resource should ideally demonstrate something new instead of duplicating an existing resource. - A blog post on [fine-tuning LayoutLM for document-understanding using Keras & Hugging Face Transformers](https://www.philschmid.de/fine-tuning-layoutlm-keras). - A blog post on how to [fine-tune LayoutLM for document-understanding using only Hugging Face Transformers](https://www.philschmid.de/fine-tuning-layoutlm). - A notebook on how to [fine-tune LayoutLM on the FUNSD dataset with image embeddings](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Add_image_embeddings_to_LayoutLM.ipynb). - See also: [Document question answering task guide](../tasks/document_question_answering) - A notebook on how to [fine-tune LayoutLM for sequence classification on the RVL-CDIP dataset](https://colab.research.google.com/github/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Fine_tuning_LayoutLMForSequenceClassification_on_RVL_CDIP.ipynb). - [Text classification task guide](../tasks/sequence_classification) - A notebook on how to [ fine-tune LayoutLM for token classification on the FUNSD dataset](https://github.com/NielsRogge/Transformers-Tutorials/blob/master/LayoutLM/Fine_tuning_LayoutLMForTokenClassification_on_FUNSD.ipynb). - [Token classification task guide](../tasks/token_classification) **Other resources** - [Masked language modeling task guide](../tasks/masked_language_modeling) 🚀 Deploy - A blog post on how to [Deploy LayoutLM with Hugging Face Inference Endpoints](https://www.philschmid.de/inference-endpoints-layoutlm). ## LayoutLMConfig [[autodoc]] LayoutLMConfig ## LayoutLMTokenizer [[autodoc]] LayoutLMTokenizer ## LayoutLMTokenizerFast [[autodoc]] LayoutLMTokenizerFast ## LayoutLMModel [[autodoc]] LayoutLMModel ## LayoutLMForMaskedLM [[autodoc]] LayoutLMForMaskedLM ## LayoutLMForSequenceClassification [[autodoc]] LayoutLMForSequenceClassification ## LayoutLMForTokenClassification [[autodoc]] LayoutLMForTokenClassification ## LayoutLMForQuestionAnswering [[autodoc]] LayoutLMForQuestionAnswering ## TFLayoutLMModel [[autodoc]] TFLayoutLMModel ## TFLayoutLMForMaskedLM [[autodoc]] TFLayoutLMForMaskedLM ## TFLayoutLMForSequenceClassification [[autodoc]] TFLayoutLMForSequenceClassification ## TFLayoutLMForTokenClassification [[autodoc]] TFLayoutLMForTokenClassification ## TFLayoutLMForQuestionAnswering [[autodoc]] TFLayoutLMForQuestionAnswering