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| Question,GroundTruth | |
| How do astronomers measure the distance to stars?, "Astronomers measure the distance to stars using methods like parallax, which involves observing the apparent shift in a star's position relative to distant background stars as Earth orbits the Sun, and standard candles, such as Cepheid variables, whose intrinsic brightness helps determine their distance." | |
| What causes a lunar eclipse?, "A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to fall on the Moon. This can only happen during a full moon and can result in a total, partial, or penumbral eclipse." | |
| What is the significance of the Hubble Space Telescope?, "The Hubble Space Telescope has revolutionized our understanding of the universe by providing high-resolution images and data from space, free from Earth's atmospheric interference. It has contributed to discoveries about the age of the universe, the expansion rate, and the presence of exoplanets." | |
| How do planets form?, "Planets form from the protoplanetary disk of gas and dust surrounding a young star. Through a process of accretion, particles collide and stick together to form larger bodies, which eventually coalesce into planets." | |
| What is dark matter?, "Dark matter is a form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, making it invisible to current observational methods. Its existence is inferred from its gravitational effects on visible matter, such as galaxies and galaxy clusters." | |
| What are pulsars?, "Pulsars are highly magnetized, rotating neutron stars that emit beams of electromagnetic radiation out of their magnetic poles. As the star rotates, these beams sweep across space, and if aligned with Earth, can be observed as pulses of radiation." | |
| Why does the Moon have phases?, "The Moon has phases due to its orbit around Earth and the varying angles at which sunlight illuminates its surface. As the Moon orbits Earth, different portions of its surface are lit up by the Sun, creating phases from new moon to full moon." | |
| When was the Hubble Space Telescope launched? ,"It was launched on April 24, 1990." | |