Model Type,Model,Language Model,Model Size,Evaluation Method,Avg. All,Avg. Img,Avg. Video,Scene Understanding,Instance Identity,Instance Attribute,Instance Location,Instance Counting,Spatial Relation,Instance Interaction,Visual Reasoning,Text Recognition,Action Recognition,Action Prediction,Procedure Understanding
LLM,[Flan-T5](https://huggingface.co/google/flan-t5-xl),Flan-T5-XL,3B,PPL,27.7,27.3,28.6,23.0,29.0,32.8,31.8,20.5,31.8,33.0,18.2,19.4,23.2,34.9,25.4
LLM,[Vicuna](https://huggingface.co/lmsys/vicuna-7b-v1.3),Vicuna-7B,7B,PPL,28.5,28.2,29.5,23.4,30.7,29.7,30.9,30.8,28.6,29.8,18.5,13.4,27.3,34.5,23.8
LLM,[LLaMA](https://research.facebook.com/publications/llama-open-and-efficient-foundation-language-models/),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,26.8,26.6,27.3,26.3,27.4,26.2,28.3,25.1,28.8,19.2,37.0,9.0,33.0,23.1,26.2
ImageLLM,[BLIP-2](https://github.com/salesforce/LAVIS),Flan-T5-XL,3B,PPL,46.4,49.7,36.7,59.1,53.9,49.2,42.3,43.2,36.7,55.7,45.6,25.9,32.6,47.5,24.0
ImageLLM,[InstructBLIP](https://github.com/salesforce/LAVIS),Flan-T5-XL,3B,PPL,52.7,57.8,38.3,60.3,58.5,63.4,40.6,58.4,38.7,51.6,45.9,25.9,33.1,49.1,27.1
ImageLLM,[InstructBLIP-Vicuna](https://github.com/salesforce/LAVIS),Vicuna-7B,7B,PPL,53.4,58.8,38.1,60.2,58.9,65.6,43.6,57.2,40.3,52.6,47.7,43.5,34.5,49.6,23.1
ImageLLM,[LLaVA-1.5](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA),Vicuna-13B,13B,Generate,61.6,68.2,42.7,74.9,71.3,68.9,63.5,61.3,51.4,73.2,77.0,60.5,48.9,41.1,36.6
ImageLLM,[MiniGPT-4](https://github.com/Vision-CAIR/MiniGPT-4),Vicuna-7B,7B,PPL,42.8,47.4,29.9,56.3,49.2,45.8,37.9,45.3,32.6,47.4,57.1,11.8,38.2,24.5,27.1
ImageLLM,[VPGTrans](https://github.com/VPGTrans/VPGTrans),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,39.1,41.8,31.4,51.9,44.1,39.9,36.1,33.7,36.4,32.0,53.2,30.6,39.5,24.3,31.9
ImageLLM,[MultiModal-GPT](https://github.com/open-mmlab/Multimodal-GPT),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,33.2,34.5,29.2,43.6,37.9,31.5,30.8,27.3,30.1,29.9,51.4,18.8,36.9,25.8,24.0
ImageLLM,[Otter](https://github.com/Luodian/Otter),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,33.9,35.2,30.4,44.9,38.6,32.2,30.9,26.3,31.8,32.0,51.4,31.8,37.9,27.2,24.8
ImageLLM,[Otter](https://github.com/Luodian/Otter),MPT-7B,7B,PPL,39.7,42.9,30.6,51.3,43.5,42.3,34.2,38.4,30.9,40.2,55.3,24.7,36.8,29.2,23.8
ImageLLM,[OpenFlamingo](https://github.com/mlfoundations/open_flamingo),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,33.1,34.5,29.3,43.9,38.1,31.3,30.1,27.3,30.6,29.9,50.2,20.0,37.2,25.4,24.2
ImageLLM,[OpenFlamingo](https://github.com/mlfoundations/open_flamingo),MPT-7B,7B,PPL,40.9,42.7,35.7,53.2,45.3,40.0,31.2,39.3,32.6,36.1,51.4,25.9,42.9,34.7,26.9
ImageLLM,[LLaMA-AdapterV2](https://github.com/OpenGVLab/LLaMA-Adapter),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,32.7,35.2,25.8,45.2,38.5,29.3,33.0,29.7,35.5,39.2,52.0,24.7,38.6,18.5,19.6
ImageLLM,[GVT](https://github.com/TencentARC/GVT),Vicuna-7B,7B,PPL,33.5,35.5,27.8,41.7,35.5,31.8,29.5,36.2,32.0,32.0,51.1,27.1,33.9,25.4,23.0
ImageLLM,[mPLUG-Owl](https://github.com/X-PLUG/mPLUG-Owl),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,34.0,37.9,23.0,49.7,45.3,32.5,36.7,27.3,32.7,44.3,54.7,28.8,26.7,17.9,26.5
ImageLLM,[Kosmos-2](https://github.com/microsoft/unilm/tree/master/kosmos-2),Decoder Only 1.3B,1.3B,PPL,50.0,54.4,37.5,63.4,57.1,58.5,44.0,41.4,37.9,55.7,60.7,25.9,41.3,40.4,27.0
ImageLLM,[Qwen-VL-Chat](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen-VL-Chat),Qwen-7B,7B,PPL for A/B/C/D,58.2,65.4,37.8,73.3,67.3,69.6,57.7,52.9,48.2,59.8,74.6,53.5,43.9,39.2,26.7
ImageLLM,[Qwen-VL](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen-VL),Qwen-7B,7B,PPL for A/B/C/D,56.3,62.3,39.1,71.2,66.4,67.7,53.5,44.8,43.8,62.9,74.9,51.2,44.7,38.5,32.0
ImageLLM,[IDEFICS-9b-instruct](https://huggingface.co/HuggingFaceM4/idefics-9b-instruct),LLaMA-7B,7B,NG,0.0,44.5,0.0,55.8,45.3,42.3,40.2,36.8,34.9,37.1,55.9,38.8,0.0,0.0,0.0
ImageLLM,[IDEFICS-80b-instruct](https://huggingface.co/HuggingFaceM4/idefics-9b-instruct),LLaMA-65B,65B,NG,0.0,53.2,0.0,64.0,52.6,50.8,48.3,46.1,45.5,62.9,68.0,51.8,0.0,0.0,0.0
ImageLLM,[InternLM-XComposer-VL](https://github.com/InternLM/InternLM-XComposer),InternLM-7B,7B,PPL,0.0,66.9,0.0,75.0,71.7,67.6,60.8,56.2,55.3,74.4,77.0,48.5,0.0,0.0,0.0
ImageLLM,[SEED-LLaMA](https://github.com/AILab-CVC/SEED),LLaMA2-Chat-13B,13B,PPL,48.9,53.7,35.4,64.1,54.2,54.1,46.5,45.3,38.2,51.6,60.7,44.7,37.8,45.3,20.0
ImageLLM,[mPLUG-Owl2](https://github.com/X-PLUG/mPLUG-Owl),LLaMA-7B,7B,NG,57.8,64.1,39.8,72.7,67.6,63.6,53.6,58.5,50.8,70.1,76.4,30.2,46.0,38.7,32.9
ImageLLM,[LLaMA-VID-7B](https://github.com/dvlab-research/LLaMA-VID),LLaMA-7B,7B,Generate,59.9,67.6,37.9,75.4,71.2,68.9,62.9,58.4,50.7,70.1,76.1,54.7,42.8,35.2,35.6
ImageLLM,[Pink-LLaMA2](https://github.com/SY-Xuan/Pink/stargazers),LLaMA2-7B,7B,NG,0.0,67.0,0.0,75.2,70.1,70.1,63.3,53.8,50.2,69.1,74.3,50.0,0.0,0.0,0.0
ImageLLM,[InfMLLM-13B](https://github.com/mightyzau/InfMLLM),Vicuna-13B,13B,NG,62.3,69.6,41.5,75.5,73.0,70.4,66.2,63.3,54.2,72.2,77.9,37.2,49.5,39.0,33.9
ImageLLM,[ShareGPT4V-7B](https://github.com/InternLM/InternLM-XComposer/tree/main/projects/ShareGPT4V),Vicuna-7B,7B,Generate,0.0,69.7,0.0,75.3,71.4,72.3,63.1,62.0,53.9,70.1,79.8,54.7,0.0,0.0,0.0
ImageLLM,[ShareGPT4V-13B](https://github.com/InternLM/InternLM-XComposer/tree/main/projects/ShareGPT4V),Vicuna-13B,13B,Generate,0.0,70.8,0.0,75.9,74.1,73.5,66.8,62.4,54.8,75.3,77.3,46.5,0.0,0.0,0.0
ImageLLM,[GPT-4V](https://openai.com/research/gpt-4v-system-card),\-,-,Generate,67.3,69.1,60.5,77.5,73.9,70.6,61.8,56.8,56.9,74.2,78.5,57.6,65.7,51.7,63.4
VideoLLM,[VideoChat](https://github.com/OpenGVLab/Ask-Anything),Vicuna-7B,7B,PPL,37.6,39.0,33.7,47.1,43.8,34.9,40.0,32.8,34.6,42.3,50.5,17.7,34.9,36.4,27.3
VideoLLM,[Video-ChatGPT](https://github.com/mbzuai-oryx/Video-ChatGPT),LLaMA-7B,7B,PPL,31.2,33.9,23.5,37.2,31.4,33.2,28.4,35.5,29.5,23.7,42.3,25.9,27.6,21.3,21.1
VideoLLM,[Valley](https://github.com/RupertLuo/Valley),LLaMA-13B,13B,PPL,30.3,32.0,25.4,39.3,32.9,31.6,27.9,24.2,30.1,27.8,43.8,11.8,31.3,23.2,20.7
Other,[Unified-IO-2 7B (2.5M)](),from scratch,7B,NG,60.5,65.6,46.0,70.7,69.0,67.4,55.4,62.6,45.5,60.8,67.1,58.1,57.5,43.2,34.0
Other,[Unified-IO-2 7B](),from scratch,7B,NG,60.4,65.5,46.0,71.3,68.8,67.5,55.5,61.2,45.4,62.9,66.5,59.3,58.0,42.7,34.0
Other,[Unified-IO-2 3B](),from scratch,3B,NG,58.7,63.8,44.2,68.8,65.8,67.2,52.9,60.4,43.1,55.7,64.0,41.9,57.5,36.0,39.0
Other,[Unified-IO-2 1B](),from scratch,1B,NG,49.6,55.1,34.0,63.8,57.7,54.6,41.9,53.7,33.3,51.5,58.3,47.7,39.8,34.5,24.6