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How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast ever? How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? 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How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted Super Bowl XLIV in 2010? What was the name of the two finalists in the 2012 Super Bowl? What did the Florida legislature refuse to approve the funding plan to renovate the San Francisco Bay Area? What was the most recent Super Bowl XLIV held in 2010? How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted Super Bowl XLIV in 2010? What was the name of the two finalists in the 2012 Super Bowl? What was the name of the finalists in the 2012 Super Bowl? How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted Super Bowl XLIV in 2010? What was the most recent Super Bowl XLIV held in 2010? What did the Florida legislature refuse to approve the funding plan to renovate the San Francisco Bay Area? What was the name of the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area? What was the name of the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area? What was the name of the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area? 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How many sacks did Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson have? What did the Broncos' defense rank first in the NFL yards allowed for the first time in franchise history? What did Von Miller do to the Broncos? What team did DeMarcus Ware rank second on the Pro Bowl? How many sacks did DeMarcus Ware and Malik Jackson have? What did Von Miller do to the Broncos? What team did DeMarcus Ware rank second on the Pro Bowl? How many sacks did Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson have? What did the Panthers do to the Seattle Seahawks? What happened to the Panthers in the NFC Championship Game? What happened to the Panthers in the NFC Championship Game? What happened to the Panthers in the NFC Championship Game? What did the Panthers do to the Seattle Seahawks? What did the Panthers do to the Seattle Seahawks? What did the Panthers do to the Seattle Seahawks? What happened to the Panthers in the NFC Championship Game? What did the Panthers do to the Seattle Seahawks? 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How many people are expected to attend the Super Bowl festivities in San Francisco? What did the mayor of San Francisco say the homeless are going to have to leave? What was the annual NFL Experience held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco? What was the name of the annual NFL Experience held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco? What was the annual NFL Experience held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco? What was the name of the annual NFL Experience held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco? What did the mayor of San Francisco say the homeless are going to have to leave? What was the name of the annual NFL Experience held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco? How many people are expected to attend the Super Bowl festivities in San Francisco? What did the mayor of San Francisco say the homeless are going to have to leave? What did Jane Kim lobbie for the NFL to reimburse San Francisco for city services? What was the annual NFL Experience held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What will a professional fundraiser help find business sponsors and individual donors? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What will a professional fundraiser help find business sponsors and individual donors? What will a professional fundraiser help find business sponsors and individual donors? What is the name of the ancillary event in Santa Clara? What will a professional fundraiser help find business sponsors and individual donors? What was the game's media day re-branded as? What was the game's media day re-branded as? What was the name of the Super Bowl Opening Night? 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What did CBS provide digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com? What did CBS provide digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com? What did CBS provide digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com? Why was streaming on smartphones only provided to Verizon Wireless customers? Why was streaming on smartphones only provided to Verizon Wireless customers? Why was streaming on smartphones only provided to Verizon Wireless customers? What was the reason for the streaming of ESPN Deportes Spanish? What did CBS provide digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com? Why was streaming on smartphones only provided to Verizon Wireless customers? What was the only way to stream the game on smartphones? What did CBS broadcast as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50? What happened to the special episode of The Late Show with James Corden? What did CBS broadcast as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50? What happened to the special episode of The Late Show with James Corden? What did CBS broadcast as its lead-out programs for Super Bowl 50? What happened to the special episode of The Late Show with James Corden? What happened to the special episode of The Late Show with James Corden? What did CBS set the base rate for a 30-second ad at $5,000,000? What was the final year in a multi-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev? What was the final year that Doritos held its "Crash the Super Bowl" contest? What was the name of the two companies that made their Super Bowl debut? What did CBS set the base rate for a 30-second ad at $5,000,000? What was the final year in a multi-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev? What was the final year that Doritos held its "Crash the Super Bowl" contest? What was the name of the two companies that made their Super Bowl debut? What was the name of the two companies that made their Super Bowl debut? What was the final year in a multi-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev? What was the final year that Doritos held its "Crash the Super Bowl" contest? What was the final year in a multi-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev? What was the final year that Doritos held its "Crash the Super Bowl" contest? What was the final year that Doritos held its "Crash the Super Bowl" contest? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired? What was the name of the contest in which Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? What did 20th Century Fox pay for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? Who paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? Who paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? What will Jim Gray anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? What will Jim Gray anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? What will Jim Gray anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? What are the flagship stations in the markets of each team to carry their local play-by-play calls? What are the flagship stations in the markets of each team to carry their local play-by-play calls? In North Carolina, WBT will simulcast the game on its sister station? What will WBT simulcast the game on its sister station? In North Carolina, WBT will simulcast the game on its sister station WBT-FM? What are the flagship stations in the markets of each team to carry their local play-by-play calls? What are the flagship stations in the markets of each team to carry their local play-by-play calls? In North Carolina, WBT will simulcast the game on its sister station WBT-FM? In North Carolina, WBT will simulcast the game on its sister station WBT-FM? What are the flagship stations in the markets of each team to carry their local play-by-play calls? What will WBT simulcast the game on its sister station? Where will the contest take place? Where will the contest take place? What is the name of the BBC's broadcast in the United Kingdom? Where will the contest take place? What is the name of the BBC's broadcast in the United Kingdom? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? What was the name of the pregame ceremony that featured the introduction of 39 of the previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? In honor of the 50th Super Bowl, what were the 39 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? What was the name of the pregame ceremony that featured the introduction of 39 of the previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players? In honor of the 50th Super Bowl, what were the 39 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players? In honor of the 50th Super Bowl, what were the 39 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? Who was shown in the locker room in honor of the 50th Super Bowl? What was the name of the pregame ceremony that featured the introduction of 39 of the previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What did Lady Gaga perform the national anthem? What was the news of the halftime show? On December 3, the league confirmed that the halftime show would be headlined by Coldplay? Who did Pepsi confirm to the Associated Press that Beyoncé would be making an appearance? Who did Pepsi confirm to the Associated Press that Beyoncé would be making an appearance? What did Beyoncé perform on the halftime show? What happened to Beyoncé on December 3? What did Pepsi say Beyoncé would be making an appearance on the halftime show? Who did Pepsi confirm to the Associated Press that Beyoncé would be making an appearance? What happened to Beyoncé on December 3? What happened to Beyoncé on January 7, 2016? What did Pepsi say Beyoncé would be making an appearance on the halftime show? Who did Beyoncé perform on the halftime show? What did Denver do in the opening kickoff? What did Denver do in the opening kickoff? What did Shaq Thompson tackle for a 3-yard loss? What did Denver settle for a 3–0 lead on? What was the result of a pair of carries by C. J. Anderson? What did Denver do in the opening kickoff? What did Shaq Thompson tackle for a 3-yard loss? What did Denver settle for a 3–0 lead on? What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit? What did Denver do in the opening kickoff? What did Denver do in the opening kickoff? What was the result of a pair of carries by C. J. Anderson? What did Denver settle for a 3–0 lead on? What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit? What did Mike Carey say he disagreed with the call? What was the result of the replay challenge? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the result of the replay challenge? What did Mike Carey say he disagreed with the call? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What did Mike Carey say he disagreed with the call? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl since 1993? How did Carolina get on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive? What happened to the Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood? How did Carolina get on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive? What did the Broncos believe Norwood had called a fair catch? What did the Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood do? How did Carolina get on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive? How did Carolina get on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive? How did Carolina get on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive? What happened to the Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood? What did the Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood do? How did Carolina get on track with a 9-play, 73-yard scoring drive? What did the Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood do? What happened to Mike Tolbert on the Broncos 40-yard line? What happened to Mike Tolbert on the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do to the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do when they drove to the Broncos 45-yard line? What did the Panthers do when they drove to the Broncos 45-yard line? What happened to Mike Tolbert on the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do to the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do to the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do when they drove to the Broncos 45-yard line? What happened to Mike Tolbert on the Broncos 40-yard line? What happened to Mike Tolbert on the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do to the Broncos 40-yard line? What did the Panthers do to the Broncos 39-yard line with 1:55 left on the clock? What did the Panthers do when they drove to the Broncos 45-yard line? What did the Panthers do on their second offensive play? What happened to the Broncos' second offensive play? What did Graham Gano hit the uprights on? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? What did the Panthers do on their second offensive play? What happened to the Broncos' second offensive play? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? What did T. J. Ward do to the Broncos? What did the Panthers do on their second offensive play? What happened to the Broncos' second offensive play? What happened to the Broncos' second offensive play? How did the Broncos lead the Broncos? What did the Broncos do when they drove to the Panthers 41-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers on the 50-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers on the 50-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers on the 50-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers in the third quarter? What did the Broncos do when they drove to the Panthers 41-yard line? What did the Broncos do when they drove to the Panthers 41-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers? What did the Broncos do when they drove to the Panthers 41-yard line? What did the Broncos do when they drove to the Panthers 41-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers on the 50-yard line? What did the Broncos do to the Panthers? What happened to Carolina's ball on their own 24 -yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive? What did Ward do on the next play? What happened to the Broncos' offense? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? What did Ward do on the next play? What did Ward do on the next play? What did Ward do on the next play? What happened to the Broncos' offense? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? What happened to Carolina's ball on their own 24-yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive? What did Ward do on the next play? What did Ward do on the next play? What happened to the Broncos' offense? What did the Broncos do to the Broncos? How many total tackles did Miller have? What was Manning's top receiver? What was Anderson's top receiver? How many total tackles did Manning have? What was Manning's top receiver? What was Manning's top receiver? What was Manning's top receiver? What was Anderson's top receiver? What was Manning's top receiver? How many total tackles did Manning have? What was Manning's top receiver? What was Anderson's top receiver? How did McManus make all of his field goals? What was Manning's top receiver? What was Anderson's top receiver? How did Denver win in the Super Bowl? What were the lowest totals of the Super Bowl by a Super Bowl winning team? What was the previous record of 244 yards by the Baltimore Ravens in Super Bowl XXXV? What 61-yard punt return set a new record? Who was the oldest quarterback to win a Super Bowl at age 39? How did Denver win in the Super Bowl? What were the lowest totals of the Super Bowl by a Super Bowl winning team? What did the Broncos' seven sacks tie a Super Bowl record with three sacks? What was the previous record of the Broncos in Super Bowl XXV? What were the lowest totals of the Super Bowl by a Super Bowl winning team? What were the lowest totals of the Super Bowl by a Super Bowl winning team? What was the previous record of the Broncos in Super Bowl XXV? What did the Broncos' seven sacks tie a Super Bowl record with three sacks? What was the record low of the third down conversion percentage in the Super Bowl? What was the name of the famous people born in Warsaw? Who was Casimir Pulaski born in 1745? Who was Maria Skodowska-Curie? Who was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize? What was the name of the famous people born in Warsaw? What is the name of the Saxon Garden? When was the Krasiski Palace Garden remodelled? What was the name of the Saxon Garden? Where is the Krasiski Palace Garden located? The Krasiski Palace Garden is a popular strolling destination for the Varsovians? How far is the Vistula river from Warsaw? What is the habitat of animals in the Vistula river? How many natural reserves are in Warsaw? What are the lakes in Warsaw? What are the lakes in Warsaw? What was the most diverse city in Poland? What was the population of Warsaw in 1933? What percentage of Warsaw's population was prewar Jewish? What was the largest Jewish minority in Warsaw? What is the main reason for Warsaw's population growth? What is the name of the second academic school of technology in Poland? What is the name of the second academic school of technology in Poland? What is the name of the largest medical school in Poland? What was the name of the second academic school of technology in Poland? What is the name of the largest medical school in Poland? What is the name of the University Library? What is the name of the University Library? What was the name of the University Library? What was the name of the University Library garden? What is the name of the University Library garden? What happened to Warsaw's infrastructure during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy? What happened to Warsaw's infrastructure during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy? What did the Three-Year Plan to rebuild Poland do? How has Warsaw's metro, roads, sidewalks, health care facilities and sanitation facilities improved? What is the name of the highest-reference hospital in Poland? What is the name of the highest-reference hospital in Poland? What is the largest oncological institution in Europe? What is the largest oncological institution in Europe? What is the name of the hospital in Warsaw? What is the main reason Warsaw hosts many events and festivals? What is the name of the event in Warsaw? What is the main reason Warsaw hosts many events and festivals? What is the main reason Warsaw hosts many events and festivals? What is the name of the event in Warsaw? Where was the Summer Theatre in operation from 1870 to 1939? Where was the Summer Theatre in operation from 1870 to 1939? Where was the Summer Theatre in operation from 1870 to 1939? Where was the Summer Theatre in operation from 1870 to 1939? The Wojciech Bogusawski Theatre was the best example of "Polish monumental theatre"? What has become a tradition and a yearly event in Warsaw? What has become a tradition and a yearly event in Warsaw? What has become a tradition and a yearly event in Warsaw? What is the name of the pagan festival that traces its roots to? What is the name of the festival that takes place on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer's Night? What are the most notable museums in Warsaw? What are the most prestigious museums in Warsaw? What are the most prestigious museums in Warsaw? What are the most prestigious museums in Warsaw? What are the most prestigious museums in Warsaw? What is a fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw? What is a fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw? What is the Warsaw Fotoplastikon? What is the Warsaw Fotoplastikon? What is the history of the Warsaw Historical Museum? What is the name of the Centre for Contemporary Art? How many projects does the Royal Ujazdów Castle have a year? What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw? What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw? When is the Warsaw Gallery Weekend held? How did Polonia win the Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000? How did Polonia win the Ekstraklasa Championship? How did Polonia win the Ekstraklasa Championship? What is the name of Polonia's home venue? Why was Polonia relegated from the top flight in 2013? What is Warsaw's symbol? What is the name of the mermaid? How long has the mermaid been used in Warsaw? What is the oldest armed seal of Warsaw? What is the oldest armed seal of Warsaw? What is the origin of the legend ary figure? What is the name of the legend that Triton's daughters set out on a journey through the depths of the oceans and seas? What is the name of the best-known legend by Artur Oppman? What was the name of the mermaid who was captured by Artur Oppman? What was the name of the mermaid that was captured by Artur Oppman? What was the name of the famous artist born in Warsaw? How was Tamara de Lempicka born? How did Tamara de Lempicka represent Art Deco? What was the name of the Israeli poet born in Warsaw? What was the name of the beloved city of Isaac Bashevis Singer? What did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world? What did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world? What is Warsaw considered a major cultural, political and economic hub? The Warsaw Stock Exchange is one of the largest and most important in Central and Eastern Europe? What is the name of the European Union agency that has its headquarters in Warsaw? What was the first historical reference to Warsaw? What was the first historical reference to Warsaw? What was the first historical reference to Warsaw? What was the first historical reference to Warsaw? Why did Warsaw gain the title of the "Phoenix City"? What is the seat of the Roman Catholic archdiocese and diocese? What are some of the universities in Warsaw? What is the name of the historic city-centre of Warsaw? What is the UNESCO World Heritage Site? What is the name of the building in Warsaw? What is Warsaw's name in the Polish language? What is Warsaw's name in the Polish language? What was the name Warszawa? What was the name Warszawa? What is the official name of Warsaw? What were the first fortified settlements on the site of today's Warsaw? What was the name of the settlement established on the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa? What was the name of the settlement established on the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa? What was the name of the first fortified settlement on the site of today's Warsaw? When was the duchy reincorporated into the Polish Crown? When did Warsaw become the seat of the General Sejm? When did Warsaw become the seat of the General Sejm? What did Warsaw give its name to in 1573? Why did Warsaw become the capital of the Commonwealth? Why did Warsaw become the capital of the Commonwealth? What was the name of the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw? How did Warsaw become the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw? How was Warsaw made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw? How was Warsaw made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw? When was the Royal University of Warsaw established? When was Warsaw occupied by Germany? What did the Allied Armistice terms require that Germany withdraw from areas controlled by Russia in 1914? What did the Allied Armistice terms require that Germany withdraw from the areas controlled by Russia in 1914? What happened to the Battle of Warsaw? What happened to the Battle of Warsaw? When was Warsaw defended? What happened to Warsaw after the Second World War? What did the General Government do to Warsaw? When did the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begin? What happened to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising? When was the Red Army deep into Poland and pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw? What did the Polish government-in-exile give to the Red Army to try to seize control of Warsaw? How did the Warsaw Uprising begin? How long did the Warsaw Uprising last? What is the estimated number of Polish civilians killed in the Warsaw Uprising? When was the "Bricks for Warsaw" campaign initiated? When was the "Bricks for Warsaw" campaign initiated? When was the "Bricks for Warsaw" campaign initiated? When was the "Bricks for Warsaw" campaign initiated? How was Warsaw's Old Town inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage list? When did John Paul II visit his native country? Why did John Paul II visit his native country in 1979 and 1983? What did John Paul II call to "renew the face" of Poland? What did John Paul II call to "renew the face" of Poland? What were the words that were very meaningful for the Polish citizens? What is the name of the city that straddles the Vistula River? What is the name of the city that straddles the Vistula River? What is the name of the city that is located in the heartland of the Masovian Plain? What is the lowest point of Warsaw? What is the lowest point of Warsaw? The Vistula River is the specific axis of Warsaw? The Vistula River is the specific axis of Warsaw? The Vistula River is the specific axis of Warsaw? What is the specific axis of Warsaw? What is the significant element of the relief in Warsaw? What is the pattern of the Vistula terraces asymmetrical? What is the pattern of the Vistula terraces asymmetrical? What is the main pattern of the Vistula terraces? What is the pattern of the Vistula terraces? What is the pattern of the Vistula terraces asymmetrical? What reflects the turbulent history of Warsaw? When was Warsaw razed to the ground? When was Warsaw razed to the ground? What was the name of the palace that was reconstructed in the 1950s and 1960s? What was the name of the building that was erected in the 1950s and 1960s? What type of architecture is represented in the burgher houses and fortifications? What are the most notable examples of Renaissance architecture in the city? What are the most notable examples of Renaissance architecture in the city? What are the most notable examples of mannerist architecture in the city? What are the most interesting examples of mannerist architecture in the city? What is one of the best examples of neoclassical architecture in Warsaw? What are some of the best examples of rococo architecture? What are the most impressive examples of rococo architecture in Warsaw? What is one of the best examples of neoclassical architecture in Warsaw? What is one of the best examples of neoclassical architecture in Warsaw? What did the communist authorities not restore after the war? What did the communist authorities not restore after the war? What did the communist authorities not restore after the war? What is the most interesting of the late 19th century architecture? What are the most distinctive buildings in Warsaw? What is the name of the place that commemorates the heroic history of Warsaw? What is the name of the infamous German Gestapo prison now occupied by a Mausoleum of Memory of Martyrdom? What was the Warsaw Citadel built after the November Uprising? The Warsaw Citadel was a place of martyr for the Poles? The Warsaw Citadel was a place of martyr for the Poles? What are some of the green spaces in the city? What is the name of the green spaces in the city? What is the name of the oldest park in Praga? What is the name of the oldest park in Praga? What was the name of the oldest park in Praga? What is the reason for the richness of Warsaw? What is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest? What is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest? What is the name of the big forest area in Warsaw? What is the name of the main forest in Warsaw? How many people lived in Warsaw in 1939? How many people lived in Warsaw in 1939? What was the first remedial measure of the Warsaw area enlargement? What bolstered some conviction among Poles that Varsovians thought of themselves as better only because they lived in the capital? What was the first remedial measure in the Warsaw area enlargement? How long has Warsaw been a multi-cultural city? What was the percentage of the population of Warsaw? What was the percentage of the population of Warsaw? What was the percentage of the population of Warsaw? What caused the construction of hundreds of places of religious worship in Warsaw? What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland? What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland? What are some cities that have some of powiat's entitlements? What type of power is vested in the Warsaw City Council? What type of power is vested in the Warsaw City Council? How are the members of the Warsaw City Council elected? What does the City Council divide itself into committees? How is the City Council divided into committees? What is the name of the mayor of Warsaw? What was the name of the first Warsaw President? What was the name of the first Warsaw President? When was the President of Warsaw elected? When was the President of Warsaw elected? What is the name of Warsaw's city centre? How many companies were registered in Warsaw in 2006? What has Warsaw been ranked as the 7th greatest emerging market? How much of Warsaw's national income is made up of foreign investors? What was Warsaw's GDP in 2010? What was the name of the first stock exchange in Warsaw? What was the name of the first stock exchange in Warsaw? What was the name of the first stock exchange in Warsaw? What is the largest market in Warsaw? What was the capitalization of the Warsaw Stock Exchange from 1991 to 2000? What was the name of the FSO Car Factory? What is the name of the FSO Car Factory? What was the name of the South Korean car manufacturer that purchased the Chevrolet Aveo? What was the name of the South Korean car manufacturer that assembled the Chevrolet Aveo? What was the name of the South Korean car manufacturer that assembled the Chevrolet Aveo? What is the largest city of Poland? What is the largest city of Poland? What is the largest city of Poland? What is Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union? What is Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union? What is the largest city of Poland? What is the largest city of Poland? What is the largest city of Poland? What is Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union? What is Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union? What was the name of the Normans in the 10th and 11th centuries? What was the name of the Normans in the 10th and 11th centuries? Why were the Normans descended from Norse? Why were the Normans descended from Norse? What was the name of the Normans? What was the name of the Norman dynasty? What were the Normans' dialects known as? What were the Normans famous for? What does the English name "Normans" come from? What does the English name "Normans" come from? What did the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte establish? What did the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte establish? What did the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte offer the French lands between the river Epte and the Atlantic coast? When did the population of the Île-de-France differ from Picardy? What did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings do to replace the Norse religion and Old Norse language with Catholicism and Gallo-Romance? What did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings do to replace the Norse religion and Old Norse language with Catholicism and Gallo-Romance? What did the Normans do with their feudal doctrines? When did the Normans enter the Mezzogiorno as warriors? What did William of Apulia say the Normans wanted to return to the Mezzogiorno? What did William of Apulia say the Normans wanted to return to the Mezzogiorno? What was the name of the family that ennobled the Hauteville leader as "dux et magister Italiae comesque Normannorum totius Apuliae et Calabriae"? What did the Hauteville family proclaim prince Guaimar IV of Salerno? How did the Normans capture Sicily and Malta from the Saracens? What was the name of Roger's son? What did the Normans leave their legacy in many castles? What was the name of the great geographical treatises of the Middle Ages? What was the name of the great geographical treatises of the Middle Ages? What did the Norman nobles exist alongside? When did the Normans enter Italy? What was the name of the first Norman mercenaries to serve as a Byzantine general? In the 1060s, who led the Normans of Edessa against the Turks? What was the name of the first Norman mercenaries to serve as a Byzantine general? What did the Normans lent their ethnicity to the name of their castle? What was the name of the Norman who led a force of "Franks" into the Euphrates valley? What did some Normans help in the destruction of the Armenian vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron? What were the families of Byzantine Greece of mercenary origin during the Comnenian Restoration? Who drove the Byzantines out of southern Italy? What happened to the Normans in 1082? What did Robert Guiscard do to the Byzantines? How did the Normans occupy Petrela? When did the Normans besieged Dyrrachium? How did the Normans occupy Petrela? Why did Normans invade Dyrrachium? Why did Normans invade Dyrrachium? How did the Normans attack Dyrrachium? What was the result of the relationship between the Normans and England? What was the result of the relationship between the Normans and England? What was the result of the relationship between the Normans and England? What caused Ethelred to flee to Normandy? When did Edward the Confessor bring with him a Norman-educated mind? When did Edward the Confessor bring with him a Norman-educated mind? What did Edward do when he returned from his father's refuge? When did Duke William II conquer England? When did Duke William II conquer England? When did Duke William II conquer England? What did the invading Normans replace the Anglo-Saxons as the ruling class of England? What did the Anglo-Norman language help in the development of Middle English? What did the Normans have a profound effect on Irish culture? What did the Normans do after their invasion at Bannow Bay? What did the Normans have a profound effect on Irish culture? What was the name of the claimants of the English throne that eventually fled to Scotland? What was the name of the claimants of the English throne opposing William the Conqueror? How did William invade Scotland in 1072? What was the name of the argument that the Scottish Crown owed allegiance to the King of England? What was the role of King David I of Scotland in introducing Normans and Norman culture to Scotland? What did the Normans build in Scotland? What did the Normans do before the Norman Conquest of England? What did the Normans do before the Norman Conquest of England? What did the Normans do before the Norman Conquest of England? What did the Normans begin a long period of slow conquest during which almost all of Wales was subject to Norman interference? How did Roger de Tosny travel to the Iberian Peninsula? What did Roger de Tosny do in 1064? When did Bohemond begin carving out an independent principality around Jerusalem? What happened to the Crusade in 1096? What did Bohemond do to the Crusade? What happened to Cyprus during the Third Crusade? Why did Richard the Lion-hearted leave Messina with a large fleet to reach Acre? What happened to the boat carrying his sister and fiancée Berengaria? When did Richard the Lion-hearted leave Messina with a large fleet to reach Acre? What happened to the ship carrying his sister and fiancée Berengaria? What did the princes of the Holy Land declare support for Richard? What happened to Isaac's troops in Limassol? How did the princes of the Holy Land arrive in Limassol? When did Richard the Lion-Heart marry Berengaria of Navarre? How did Richard the Lion-Heart marry Berengaria of Navarre? What was the name of the grand ceremony that was held in Limassol? What did the Venetians acquire in 1489? When was Cyprus sold to the Knights Templar? When did the Normans conquer the Canarian islands of Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and El Hierro? What was the title of King of the Canary Islands? What did Maciot de Bethencourt sell the rights to the Canary Islands to Enrique Pérez de Guzmán? What did Maciot de Bethencourt sell the rights to the islands to Enrique Pérez de Guzmán? What was the customary law of Normandy developed between the 10th and 13th centuries? What was the customary law of Normandy developed between the 10th and 13th centuries? How did Norman architecture change the military landscape? How did Norman architecture change the military landscape? What is the name of the period of Norman architecture in England? What is the name of the period of Norman architecture in England? What type of architecture did the Normans incorporate into the Kingdom of Sicily? What did the dukes encourage in the early 11th century? What did the dukes encourage in the early 11th century? What caused the destruction of many Norman edifices? What is the Bayeux Tapestry? What is the Bayeux Tapestry? What is the Bayeux Tapestry? How does Norman art survive in southern Italy? What was the site of several important developments in the history of classical music in the 11th century? How was the system of denoting notes by letters developed and taught at Fécamp? What was the name of the monastery that was established at Sant'Eufemia? What did the monks of Saint-Evroul continue the tradition of singing? What did the monks of Saint-Evroul escape to southern Italy? What did the choir achieve fame in Normandy? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? Who was Nikola Tesla known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system? What did Tesla do in 1884? What did Tesla do in 1884? What did George Westinghouse hire for a short time as a consultant? What did Tesla do in 1884? What did George Westinghouse do in the formative years of electric power development? What did Tesla do in 1884? What did Tesla do in 1884? What did Tesla do in 1884? What did George Westinghouse hire for a short time as a consultant? What did George Westinghouse hire for a short time as a consultant? What did Tesla do in 1893? What did Tesla do in 1893? What was the purpose of the Wardenclyffe Tower project? What did Tesla do in 1893? What did Tesla do in 1893? What did Tesla do in his lab? What did Tesla do in 1893? When did Tesla die? What happened to Tesla in 1943? What was Tesla's reputation as an archetypal "mad scientist"? What was Tesla's reputation as an archetypal mad scientist? What was Tesla's reputation as an archetypal "mad scientist"? When did Tesla die? What happened to Tesla in 1943? What has been a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla since the 1990s? What was Tesla's reputation as an archetypal "mad scientist"? What was Tesla's father's birth date? Who was Milutin Tesla's father? What did Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother's genetics and influence? What did Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother's genetics and influence? Who was Milutin Tesla's father? Who was Milutin Tesla's father? Who was Milutin Tesla's father? Who was Milutin Tesla's father? What did Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother's genetics and influence? What was the name of Tesla's four th of five children? In 1861, Tesla attended the "Lower" or "Primary" School in Smiljan? What did Tesla's father do in 1862? Who was Tesla's fourth child? Who was Tesla's fourth child? What happened to Dane when he was five? What was the name of the school that Tesla attended in 1862? What did Tesla's father do in 1862? When did Tesla move to Karlovac to attend school? What did Martin Sekuli say Tesla was able to perform integral calculus in his head? What did Tesla do when he moved to Karlovac? What did Tesla do when he moved to Karlovac? What did Tesla's teachers believe he was cheating? When did Tesla move to Karlovac to attend school? When did Tesla move to Karlovac to attend school? When did Tesla move to Karlovac to attend school? What did Martin Sekuli say Tesla was able to perform integral calculus in his head? What did Tesla's teachers believe he was cheating? When did Tesla return to his birthtown, Smiljan? When did Tesla return to his birthtown, Smiljan? What did Tesla's father promise to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness? What did Tesla's father promise to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness? When did Tesla return to his birthtown? When did Tesla return to his birthtown, Smiljan? When did Tesla return to his birthtown, Smiljan? When did Tesla return to his birthtown, Smiljan? What did Tesla's father promise to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness? What did Tesla's father promise to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness? When did Tesla run away to Tomingaj? What did Tesla say about the relationship between nature and nature? What did Tesla do when he evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army? When did Tesla run away to Tomingaj? What did Tesla do when he evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army? When did Tesla run away to Tomingaj? When did Tesla run away to Tomingaj? What did Tesla do when he evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army? What did Tesla say about the relationship between nature and nature? What did Tesla do in 1875? What did Tesla do in 1875? What happened to Tesla after his father's death? When did Tesla lose his scholarship? What did Tesla claim he worked from 3 a.m. to 11 p.m.? What did Tesla do in 1875? What did Tesla do in 1875? What happened to Tesla after his father's death? Why did Tesla lose his scholarship? What happened to Tesla after his father's death? When did Tesla leave Graz? When did Tesla leave Graz? What happened to Tesla in 1878? What happened to Milutin Tesla in 1879? Why did Nikola refuse to return to Maribor? When did Tesla leave Graz? When did Tesla leave Graz? What happened to Tesla in 1878? What happened to Tesla in 1878? Why did Nikola refuse to return to Maribor? When did Milutin Tesla die? When did Milutin Tesla die? What happened to Milutin Tesla in 1879? What happened to Milutin Tesla in 1879? What happened to Milutin Tesla in 1879? What happened to Milutin Tesla in 1879? When did Milutin Tesla die? What happened to Milutin Tesla in 1879? What did some sources say Tesla died of? What did Tesla's uncles put together to help him leave Gospi for Prague? Why did Tesla attend lectures at Charles-Ferdinand University? Why did Tesla attend lectures at Charles-Ferdinand University? Why did Tesla attend lectures at Charles-Ferdinand University? What did Tesla's uncles put together to help him leave Gospi for Prague? What did Tesla's uncles put together to help him leave Gospi for Prague? Why did Tesla attend lectures at Charles-Ferdinand University? What did Tesla's uncles put together to help him leave Gospi for Prague? When did Tesla move to Budapest to work at the Budapest Telephone Exchange? When did Tesla move to Budapest to work at the Budapest Telephone Exchange? How did the Budapest Telephone Exchange become functional? What did Tesla do when he moved to Budapest? What happened to Tesla when he moved to Budapest? When did Tesla move to Budapest to work at the Budapest Telephone Exchange? When did Tesla move to Budapest to work at the Budapest Telephone Exchange? When did Tesla move to Budapest to work at the Budapest Telephone Exchange? How did the Budapest Telephone Exchange become functional? When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company in France? When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company in France? What did Tesla do in 1882? What did Tesla do in 1882? What did Tesla do in 1882? When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company in France? When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company in France? What did Tesla do in 1882? What did Tesla do in 1882? What did Tesla do in 1882? What did Tesla say about the redesign of Edison's direct current generators? What did Edison do when he offered to redesign Edison's direct current generators? How did Tesla respond to the statement that he did not understand Edison's American humor? What did Tesla say about the redesign of Edison's direct current generators? What happened to Tesla's offer to redesign Edison's direct current generators? What did Edison do when he offered to redesign Edison's direct current generators? Why did Tesla partner with two businessmen in 1886? Why did Tesla partner with two businessmen in 1886? What did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail agree to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name? What did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail agree to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name? What did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail agree to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name? Why did Tesla partner with two businessmen in 1886? What did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail agree to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name? Why did Tesla partner with two businessmen in 1886? What did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail agree to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name? What did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail agree to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name? What happened to Tesla in 1886/1887? What did the investors think was better to develop an electrical utility than invent new systems? Why did Tesla lose control of his patents? What did Tesla consider the winter of 1886/1887 as a time of "terrible headaches and bitter tears"? What did the investors do to Tesla in 1886/1887? Why did Tesla lose control of his patents? Why did Tesla lose control of his patents? When did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown and Charles F. Peck? What was the name of the agreement between Tesla and Peck? What was the name of the agreement between Tesla and Peck? What was the goal of the Tesla Electric Company? When did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown and Charles F. Peck? When did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown and Charles F. Peck? When did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown? What was the goal of the Tesla Electric Company? What was the name of the agreement between Tesla and Peck? What was the name of the induction motor that Tesla developed in 1887? What was the idea of a self-starting electric motor? What was the idea of a self-starting electric motor? What was the idea of a self-starting electric motor? What was the idea of a self-starting electric motor? What was the name of the induction motor that Tesla developed in 1887? What was the name of the induction motor that Tesla developed in 1887? What was the idea of a self-starting electric motor? What was the idea of a self-starting electric motor? What did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system? What did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system? What did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system? What did Westinghouse think Tesla had a viable AC motor? What did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system? What did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system? What did George Westinghouse believe Tesla had a viable AC motor? What did Westinghouse think Tesla had a viable AC motor? What did Westinghouse think Tesla had a viable AC motor? What did George Westinghouse believe Tesla had a viable AC motor? What did Brown and Peck negotiate in July of 1888? What did Brown and Peck negotiate in July of 1888? What did Brown and Peck negotiate in July of 1888? What did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with Westinghouse? What did Brown and Peck negotiate in July of 1888? What did Brown and Peck negotiate in July of 1888? What did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with Westinghouse? What did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with Westinghouse? When did Tesla work in Pittsburgh, helping to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars? When did Tesla work in Pittsburgh, helping to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars? Why did the Westinghouse engineers try to implement AC power? What did the Westinghouse engineers find not working for street cars? What was the cause of the conflicts between Tesla and Westinghouse engineers? What did the Westinghouse engineers find not working for street cars? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What was the result of the "War of Currents"? What did George Westinghouse win in 1893? What did George Westinghouse win in 1893? What did George Westinghouse win in 1893? What did Westinghouse demonstrate at the Columbian Exposition? What did Westinghouse demonstrate at the Columbian Exposition? What did George Westinghouse win in 1893? What did George Westinghouse win in 1893? What did George Westinghouse win in 1893? What did Westinghouse demonstrate at the Columbian Exposition? What did Richard Dean Adams do in 1893? What did Richard Dean Adams do in 1893? What was the reason for the contract to build a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls? What contract was awarded to Westinghouse Electric to build a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls? What was Adams' opinion on the system that would be best to transmit power generated by the falls? What did Richard Dean Adams do in 1893? What did Richard Dean Adams do in 1893? What was Adams' opinion on the system that would be best to transmit power generated by the falls? What was Adams' opinion on the system that would be best to transmit power generated by the falls? Why was General Electric involved in patent battles? What did Westinghouse convince Tesla to release his company from the licensing agreement? What did Westinghouse convince Tesla to release his company from the licensing agreement? What did Westinghouse do to secure further loans? What happened to General Electric in the mid 1890s? What did Westinghouse do to secure further loans? What did Westinghouse convince Tesla to release his company from the licensing agreement? What was the name of Tesla's South Fifth Avenue laboratory? What was the name of Tesla's laboratory? What did Tesla do in 1891? What was the name of the Tesla coil that he patented in 1891? What was the name of Tesla's South Fifth Avenue laboratory? What happened to the Tesla coil in 1891? What was the name of Tesla's South Fifth Avenue laboratory? What happened to Tesla in 1891? What position did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? What position did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? What position did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? What role did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? What position did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? What position did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? What did Tesla do in 1894? What was Tesla's early experiments with Crookes tubes? What did Tesla say about Crookes tubes? What was the only thing that Tesla captured in the image? What did Tesla do in 1894 when he noticed damaged film in his laboratory? What did Tesla do when he noticed damaged film in his laboratory? What was Tesla's early experiments with Crookes tubes? What did Tesla say about Crookes tubes? What did Tesla say about Crookes tubes? What was the name of the experiment Tesla devised to produce X-rays? What was the name of the experiment Tesla devised to produce X-rays? What did Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging do? What did Tesla devise to produce X-rays? What was the name of the experiment Tesla devised to produce X-rays? What was the name of the experiment Tesla devised to produce X-rays? What was the name of the experiment Tesla devised to produce X-rays? What did Tesla do to produce X-rays? Why did Tesla believe X-rays were longitudinal waves? What did Tesla believe the skin damage was caused by the Roentgen rays? What did Tesla say about the hazards of working with his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices? What did Tesla say about the hazards of working with his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices? What did Tesla believe X-rays were longitudinal waves? What did Tesla believe the skin damage was caused by the Roentgen rays? Why did Tesla believe X-rays were longitudinal waves? What did Tesla believe X-rays were longitudinal waves? What did Tesla say about the hazards of working with his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices? When did Westinghouse Electric start branding their complete polyphase phase AC system as the "Tesla Polyphase System"? When did Westinghouse Electric start branding their complete polyphase phase AC system as the "Tesla Polyphase System"? When did Westinghouse Electric start branding their complete polyphase phase AC system as the "Tesla Polyphase System"? How did Tesla explain the principles of the rotating magnetic field in an induction motor? How did Tesla explain the principles of the rotating magnetic field in an induction motor? What happened to Tesla in 1934? What happened to Tesla in 1934? What did Tesla say a minute particle would break off the cathode, pass out of the tube, and physically strike him? What happened to Tesla in 1934? What did Tesla's theories on the possibility of the transmission by radio waves go back as far as lectures and demonstrations in 1893? How were Tesla's demonstrations and principles written about? What did Tesla's theories on the possibility of the transmission by radio waves go back as far as lectures and demonstrations in 1893? When did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public? When did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public? When did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public? When did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public? What was the name of the boat Tesla demonstrated to the public in 1898? When was Tesla granted patents for a system of transmitting electrical energy and an electrical transmitter? When did Guglielmo Marconi make his first transatlantic radio transmission? When did Guglielmo Marconi make his first transatlantic radio transmission? What was the result of the reverse decision in favor of Marconi? What was the result of the reverse decision in favor of Marconi? When did Tesla move to Colorado Springs? What did Tesla do when he moved to Colorado Springs? What did Tesla do in 1899? What did Tesla do in 1899? What was Tesla's belief that the earth had a resonant frequency? What was Tesla's belief that the earth had a resonant frequency? What confirms Tesla's belief that the earth had a resonant frequency? What type of lightning was produced in Cripple Creek, Colorado? What type of lightning was produced in Cripple Creek, Colorado? What was the name of the sound that was heard 15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado? What happened to the sparks that sprang from water line taps in Cripple Creek, Colorado? What was the name of the fire that was heard in Cripple Creek, Colorado? Why did Tesla fault a power station generator? What happened to a power station generator in 1917? What happened to a power station generator in 1917? What happened to a power station generator in 1917? What did Tesla observe during his time at his lab? What did the Red Cross Society say Tesla was hearing signals from Mars? What was the conclusion that Tesla was hearing signals from Mars? What has Tesla been hypothesized that he could have intercepted Marconi's European experiments? What has Tesla been hypothesized that he could have intercepted Marconi's European experiments? What did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla in 1899? What did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla in 1899? Why did John Jacob Astor IV invest $100,000 for Tesla? What did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla in 1899? When did Tesla leave Colorado Springs? When did Tesla leave Colorado Springs? What happened to Tesla's lab in 1904? What happened to Tesla's lab in 1904? What was the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility? What was the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility? What was the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility? What happened to Morgan when he asked for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter? What happened to Morgan when he asked for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter? What was Morgan's reaction to the Panic of 1901? What happened to Tesla's relationship with Morgan in 1901? How did Marconi end the relationship with Morgan? When did Marconi send the letter S to Newfoundland? How long was the tower erected? When did Tesla demonstrate his 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine? When did Tesla demonstrate his 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine? When did Tesla demonstrate his 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine? What did Tesla demonstrate on his 50th birthday in 1906? What was the name of Tesla's oscillator? What did Tesla do when experimenting with mechanical oscillators? What happened to Tesla's sledge hammer? What was the time span of Tesla's experiment? What did Tesla say would happen to the earth in a few weeks? What did Tesla think of the application of electricity to the brain? What did Tesla believe the use of electricity to the brain enhanced intelligence? Who approved the plan to make students bright? What did William H. Maxwell approve the plan to make students bright? When did Tesla lose funding from his patents in European countries? When did Tesla lose funding from his patents in European countries? How did Tesla sell Wardenclyffe? How did Tesla sell Wardenclyffe? How did Tesla sell Wardenclyffe? What did Tesla postulate that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an "electric ray" of "tremendous frequency"? What did Tesla postulate that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an "electric ray" of "tremendous frequency"? What did Tesla postulate that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an "electric ray" of "tremendous frequency"? What did Tesla say was incorrect in his assumption that high frequency radio waves would penetrate water? What was the name of the 1915 Nobel Prize awarded to Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla? What was the name of the Nobel Prize awarded to Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla? What was the name of the rumors that Tesla and Bragg refused the Nobel Prize? What was the name of the Nobel Prize awarded to Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla? How much did the Tesla biographers claim that Edison and Tesla were the original recipients? When did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937? When did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937? When did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids in 1937? What was Tesla's last patent for a biplane capable of taking off vertically? What was Tesla's last patent for a biplane capable of taking off vertically? What was Tesla's last patent for a biplane capable of taking off vertically? What was Tesla's last patent for a biplane capable of taking off vertically? When did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company begin paying Tesla $125 per month? When did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company begin paying Tesla $125 per month? When did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company begin paying Tesla $125 per month? What did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company worry about? What did Tesla announce in 1935? What did Tesla announce in 1935? What did Tesla announce in 1935? What did Tesla announce in 1935? What did Tesla announce in 1935? When did Tesla leave the hotel to feed the pigeons? What happened to Tesla's back in 1937? What happened to Tesla's back in 1937? When was Tesla able to get up? When did Tesla leave the Hotel New Yorker to feed the pigeons? What did Tesla claim about a "teleforce" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator? What did Tesla claim about a "teleforce" weapon after studying the Van de Graaff generator? What did Tesla call the Van de Graaff generator a "peace ray"? What did Tesla call the Van de Graaff generator a "peace ray"? What did Tesla call the Van de Graaff generator? What did Tesla say about the death ray? What did Tesla say about the death ray? What did Tesla say about the death ray? What did Tesla say about the death ray? What did Tesla say about the death ray? When did Tesla write a treatise about charged particle beam weapons? What is the name of the treatise that Tesla wrote about charged particle beam weapons? What is the name of the treatise that Tesla wrote about charged particle beam weapons? What is the name of the treatise that Tesla wrote about charged particle beam weapons? What did Tesla write a treatise about charged particle beam weapons? When did Tesla say that efforts had been made to steal the invention? What did Tesla say about the teleforce weapon? How did Tesla say he was trying to steal the invention? When did Tesla die? When did Tesla die? What was the cause of Tesla's death? What was the cause of Tesla's death? What did H.W. Wembly rule the cause of Tesla's death was coronary thrombosis? How did the FBI order the Alien Property Custodian to seize Tesla's belongings? What happened to Tesla's estate in OAP custody? What did Trump's report conclude was a hazard in unfriendly hands? What happened to Tesla's estate from the Hotel New Yorker to the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company? What did Fiorello La Guardia read on 10 January 1943? What did Fiorello La Guardia read on 10 January 1943? What was the name of the state funeral for Tesla? What was the name of the state funeral for Tesla? What was the name of the state funeral for Tesla? When was Tesla's estate shipped to Belgrade? When was Tesla's estate shipped to Belgrade? What did Charlotte Muzar transport Tesla's ashes to Belgrade in 1957? When was Tesla's estate shipped to Belgrade? What is the name of the ashes that Tesla shipped to Belgrade in 1957? How many patents did Tesla obtain worldwide for his inventions? How many patents are issued to Tesla in 26 countries? How many patents were issued to Tesla in 26 countries? What are some of Tesla's patents not accounted for? What did Tesla do every day? What did Tesla do every day? What was the name of the day that Tesla resumed his work? What did Tesla do to the headwaiter? Why did Tesla walk between 8 and 10 miles per day? Why did Tesla walk between 8 and 10 miles per day? Why did Tesla walk between 8 and 10 miles per day? Why did Tesla walk between 8 and 10 miles per day? What did Tesla say he did not believe in telepathy? What did Tesla say he did not believe in telepathy? What did Tesla say he believed that all fundamental laws could be reduced to? When did Tesla walk to the park to feed the pigeons? What did Tesla spend over $2,000 on a pigeon to fix her broken wing and leg? What did Tesla spend over $2,000 on a pigeon to fix her broken wing and leg? When did Tesla walk to the park to feed the pigeons? When did Tesla walk to the park to feed the pigeons? What was Tesla's size? What was Tesla's height? What was Tesla's height? What was Tesla's size? What did Tesla do in his autobiography? What happened to Tesla during his early life? What did Tesla do in his autobiography? What happened to Tesla during his early life? What did Tesla do in his autobiography? What did Kenneth Swezey say Tesla rarely slept? What did Kenneth Swezey say Tesla rarely slept? What did Swezey say Tesla rarely slept? What did Kenneth Swezey say Tesla rarely slept? Who confirmed that Tesla rarely slept? What was Tesla's chastity? What has happened to women vying for Tesla's affection? What was Tesla's chastity? What did Dorothy Skerrit call Tesla's smile and nobility? What did Robert Underwood Johnson describe Tesla as attaining? What was Tesla prone to seclude himself with his work? What was Tesla prone to seclude himself with his work? What did Dorothy Skerrit say Tesla's smile and nobility were ingrained in his soul? How did Mark Twain describe Tesla's induction motor invention? What did Twain call Tesla's induction motor invention "the most valuable patent since the telephone"? What did Twain describe Tesla's induction motor invention as the most valuable patent since the telephone? What was Tesla's reaction to her decision to change her dress? What was Tesla's reaction to her decision to change her dress? What was Tesla's reaction to her decision to change her dress? What was Tesla's reaction to the firing of a secretary because of her weight? What did Tesla believe atoms could not change state or be split in any way? What was Tesla's belief in the 19th century concept of an all pervasive ether that transmitted electrical energy? What was Tesla's belief in the 19th century concept of an all pervasive "ether" that transmitted electrical energy? What was Tesla's belief in the 19th century concept of an all pervasive "ether" that transmitted electrical energy? What was Tesla's criticism of Einstein's theory of relativity? What was Tesla's reaction to Einstein's theory of relativity? What was Tesla's criticism of Einstein's theory of relativity? What did Tesla claim to have developed his own physical principle regarding matter and energy? What did Tesla claim to have developed his own physical principle regarding matter and energy? What did Tesla claim to have developed his own physical principle regarding matter and energy? What did Tesla claim to have completed a "dynamic theory of gravity"? Who was Tesla a proponent of an imposed selective breeding version of eugenics? Why was Tesla a proponent of selective breeding version of eugenics? Why did Tesla become a proponent of selective breeding version of eugenics? What did Tesla say about eugenics? What did Tesla say about the ills of the social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality? What did Tesla say about the ills of the social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality? In 1926, Tesla commented on the ills of the social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality? What did Tesla believe the League of Nations was not a remedy for the times and issues? What did Tesla believe the League of Nations was not a remedy for the times and issues? What did Tesla make predictions about the issues of a post-World War I environment? What did Tesla believe the League of Nations was not a remedy for the times and issues? What did Tesla think he was a "believer in the orthodox sense"? What did Tesla do when he was raised an Orthodox Christian? What did Tesla do when he was raised an Orthodox Christian? What did Tesla say about his religious views? Why does Tesla's religious views remain uncertain? What did Tesla say about his religious views? What was the name of Tesla's books? What was the name of Tesla's books? What is the name of Tesla's books? How are many of Tesla's writings freely available on the web? How are many of Tesla's writings freely available on the web? How are many of Tesla's writings freely available on the web? What has Tesla's legacy endured in books, films, radio, TV, music, live theater, comics and video games? What has Tesla's legacy endured in books, films, radio, TV, music, live theater, comics and video games? What has Tesla's legacy endured in books, films, radio, TV, music, live theater, comics and video games? When did Time magazine put Tesla on its cover? When did Time magazine put Tesla on its cover? What did Time magazine put Tesla on its cover? What was Tesla's contribution to electrical power generation? What was Tesla's contribution to electrical power generation? What is a branch of the theory of computation? What is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science? What is a branch of the theory of computation? What is a problem regarded as inherently difficult if it requires significant resources? How is a problem regarded as difficult if it requires significant resources? How is a problem regarded as difficult if it requires significant resources? What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory to determine the practical limits on what computers can and cannot do? What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory? What are the most related fields in theoretical computer science? What are the most related fields in theoretical computer science? What is a key distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory? What are the most related fields in theoretical computer science? What is a computational problem referred to as? What is a problem instance referred to as? In computational complexity theory, a problem refers to the abstract question to be solved? What is a problem instance? What is a problem instance? What is the answer to the problem? What is the quantitative answer to the traveling salesman problem? Why does complexity theory address computational problems and not particular problem instances? When is a problem instance a string over an alphabet? How is a problem instance a string over an alphabet? What is a problem instance a string over an alphabet? What is a real-world computer where mathematical objects other than bitstrings must be suitably encoded? What does a real-world computer have to do to mathematical objects other than bitstrings? What is a special type of computational problem whose answer is yes or no? What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory? What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory? What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory? What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory? What is an example of a decision problem? What is an example of a decision problem? What is an example of a decision problem? What is a computational problem? What is a computational problem? What is a computational problem? What are some examples of a function problem? What is a computational problem? What is tempting to think that the notion of function problems is much richer than the notion of decision problems? What can be used to determine whether a given triple is a member of the set? What does complexity theory want to know about the amount of time the best algorithm requires to solve a problem? How does the running time of a graph depend on the instance? How is the time required to solve a problem calculated? How is the time required to solve a problem calculated? What is complexity theory interested in how algorithms scale with an increase in the input size? What does Cobham's thesis say a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a polynomial time algorithm? What is the worst-case time complexity T(n) defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n? What is the worst-case time complexity T(n) defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n? What is the worst-case time complexity T(n) defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n? What is the worst-case time complexity T(n) defined to be? What is a theoretical device that manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape? What is the statement of the Church-Turing thesis? What is the most commonly used model of complexity theory? What is a Turing machine? What is the most basic Turing machine? What is the most basic Turing machine? What is a probabilistic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits? What is a non-deterministic Turing machine that allows a Turing machine to have multiple possible future actions from a given state? What are randomized algorithms called? What are many types of Turing machines used to define complexity classes? What are many types of Turing machines used to define complexity classes? What are many types of Turing machines used to define complexity classes? What is one example of a machine model that can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power? How are random access machines converted to another? What is one of the advantages of a multi-tape Turing machine? What is one of the advantages of a multi-tape Turing machine? What is a non-deterministic Turing machine allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once? How are some computational problems easier to analyze? What is a non-deterministic Turing machine a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once? What is a non-deterministic Turing machine a computational model that is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once? What is the time required by a deterministic Turing machine on input x? Why is complexity theory interested in classifying problems based on some criteria? What does complexity theory want to classify problems based on some criteria? What is a computational model used for a precise definition of what it means to solve a problem using a given amount of time and space? What can be viewed as a computational resource? What can be viewed as a computational resource? What can be viewed as a computational resource? What are complex measures defined by the Blum complexity axioms? What are complex measures defined by the Blum complexity axioms? What are the three ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size? What are the three ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size? What are the three ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size? What are the three ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size? What solves the problem of sorting a list of integers that is given as the input? What is the worst case when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order? What is the worst case when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order? What is one interested in proving upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time required by the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem? What is the worst-case complexity of an algorithm? What is one interested in proving upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time required by the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem? What is a need to show that there is a particular algorithm with running time at most T(n)? How is proving lower bounds difficult? What makes the bounds independent of the specific details of the computational model used? What makes the bounds independent of the specific details of the computational model used? What does the big O notation hide constant factors and smaller terms? What makes the bounds independent of the specific details of the computational model used? What do some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into the framework? What do some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into the framework? What do some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into the framework? What does bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yield? How can a multi-tape Turing machine be solved? How can a multi-tape Turing machine be solved? What does the Cobham-Edmonds thesis say the time complexities in two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related? What does the Cobham-Edmonds thesis say the time complexities in two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related? What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm? What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm? What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm? What is #P an important complexity class of counting problems? What is #P an important complexity class of counting problems? What is #P an important complexity class of counting problems? What is #P an important complexity class of counting problems? What is #P an important complexity class of counting problems? Why is it desirable to prove that relaxing the requirements on computation time defines a bigger set of problems? Why is it desirable to prove that relaxing the requirements on computation time defines a bigger set of problems? What is the answer to time and space requirements? Why are hierarchy theorems called? How can we make quantitative statements about how much more additional time or space is needed to increase the number of problems that can be solved? What do the time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes? What does the space hierarchy theorem tell us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE? What does the space hierarchy theorem tell us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE? What is a reduction a transformation of one problem into another problem? What does a reduction capture the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem? What does a reduction capture the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem? What does a reduction capture the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem? What does a reduction capture the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult as another problem? What is the most commonly used reduction? What is the most commonly used reduction of polynomial time? What is the most commonly used reduction? What can be done by giving the same input to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm? What can be done by giving the same input to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm? Why is a problem X hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be reduced to X? What motivates the concept of a problem being hard for a complexity class? Why is a problem X hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be reduced to X? What is the set of NP-hard problems? Why is the class of NP-complete problems not solved? Why is the class of NP -complete problems not solved? What is the reason that a problem X is in C and hard for C? Why is the class of NP -complete problems not solved? What is the Cobham-Edmonds thesis? What is the Cobham-Edmonds thesis? What is the Cobham-Edmonds thesis? What is the Cobham-Edmonds thesis? What is the Cobham-Edmonds thesis? What is one of the most important open questions in theoretical computer science because of the wide implications of a solution? What is one of the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute? What is one of the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute? What was shown by Ladner that there exist problems in NP that are neither in P or NP-complete? What are problems in NP that are neither in P or NP-complete? What are some of the very few NP problems not known to be in P or NP-complete? What is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic? What is an important unsolved problem in complexity theory? What is the problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic? What is the problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic? What is the best algorithm for determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic? What is the problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer? What is the problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer? What is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer? What is the best known algorithm for integer factorization? What is a major breakthrough in complexity theory? What is possible if P is not equal to PSPACE? Why is it possible that all complexity classes collapse to one class? What is a major breakthrough in complexity theory? What is co-NP? What is the class containing the complement problems of NP problems? Why is NP not equal to co-NP? What has been shown that if two complexity classes are not equal then P is not equal to NP? What is not known if the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space is strictly contained in P or equal to P? What is not known if L is strictly contained in P or equal to P? What is not known if the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space is strictly contained in P or equal to P? What is not known if the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space is strictly contained in P or equal to P? What is not known if the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space is strictly contained in P or equal to P? What are problems that can be solved in theory known as intractable problems? What does the Cobham-Edmonds thesis say about a program that makes 2n operations before halting? Why are problems that are intractable in theory known as intractable? What has been shown to be a problem in Presburger arithmetic? What has been shown to be a problem in Presburger arithmetic? What are algorithms written that solve the NP-complete knapsack problem in less than quadratic time? What are algorithms written that solve the NP-complete knapsack problem in less than quadratic time? What are algorithms written that solve the NP-complete knapsack problem in less than quadratic time? When were many foundations laid out? What was Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines? What was Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines? What was Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines? What was Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines? What did the seminal paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" show? What did the seminal paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" show? What did the seminal paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" show? What did the seminal paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" show? What did the seminal paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" show? What is John Myhill's definition of linear bounded automata? What did Boris Trakhtenbrot study? What did Boris Trakhtenbrot study? What can be achieved by ensuring that different representations can be transformed into each other efficiently? What can be achieved by ensuring that different representations can be transformed into each other efficiently? When did Manuel Blum develop an axiomatic complexity theory based on his axioms? When did Manuel Blum develop an axiomatic complexity theory based on his axioms? What did Richard Karp's paper show about NP-complete? What did Richard Karp's paper show about NP-complete? What is a process called continuing professional development? What are some of the qualifications that a person must obtain from a university or college? What is a process called continuing professional development? What is a process called continuing professional development? How is the role of a teacher often formal and ongoing? What may a teacher's role vary among cultures? What may a teacher's role vary among cultures? What may a teacher's role vary among cultures? What may a teacher's role vary among cultures? How can formal education take place in some countries? How can formal education take place in some countries? How can formal education take place in some countries? How can formal education take place in some countries? How can formal education take place in some countries? What are some religious texts that may be taught in the Quran, Torah or Bible? What are some religious texts that may be taught in the Quran, Torah or Bible? What are some religious texts that may be taught in the Quran, Torah or Bible? What can gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas teach religious texts? What type of teaching may be carried out by paid professionals? What type of teaching may be carried out by paid professionals? What do paid professionals do in some societies? What type of teaching may be carried out by paid professionals? What type of teaching may be carried out by paid professionals? What may a teacher's professional duties extend beyond formal teaching? What may a teacher's professional duties extend beyond formal teaching? What may a teacher's professional duties extend beyond formal teaching? What may a teacher's professional duties extend beyond formal teaching? What is the purpose of a teacher's colleges? What is the purpose of a teacher's colleges? What is the purpose of a teacher's colleges? What is the purpose of a teacher's colleges? What is the purpose of a teacher's colleges? What are some of the functions of the teacher's colleges? What are some of the functions of the teacher's colleges? What are some of the functions of the teacher's colleges? What are some of the functions of the teacher's colleges? What are some of the functions of the teacher's colleges? What do teachers do in education? What can a teacher be described as a tutor? What do teachers do in education? What do teachers do in education? What is pedagogy? What is pedagogy often referred to as? How do teachers assist in learning outside of the classroom? What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom? What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom? What does a teacher follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority? What may a teacher follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority? What can a teacher interact with students of different ages? What can a teacher interact with students of different ages? What may a teacher follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority? What does pedagogy involve assessing the educational levels of the students in a classroom? What does a parent say the place of a teacher in learning takes place when a teacher assesses the pedagogic diversity of his/her students? What is the function of a teacher in learning? What is the function of a teacher in learning? What does pedagogy look like? What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary school teaching? What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary school teaching? What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary school teaching? What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary school teaching? What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary school teaching? What is a "platoon" system? What is a platoon system that involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject? What is the advantage of a "platoon" system? What is a "platoon" system? What is one of the reasons for a "platoon" system? What is co-teaching a new trend amongst educational institutions? What is co-teaching defined as? What is co-teaching? What is co-teaching defined as? What is co-teaching? What was the most common form of school discipline? What is the most common form of school discipline? What is the most common form of school discipline? What is the most common form of school discipline? What is the most common form of school discipline? What is one of the most common forms of school discipline in the world? What is one of the most common forms of school discipline in the world? What is one of the most common forms of school discipline in the world? What is one of the most common forms of school discipline in the world? What is one of the most common forms of school discipline in the world? How many US states have banned corporal punishment? How many US states have banned corporal punishment? What is the decline of corporal punishment in some public schools? What type of punishment is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle? What type of punishment is given to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle? What is a common place for official corporal punishment in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries? What is a common practice in schools in some Asian, African, and Caribbean countries? For details of individual countries, see School corporal punishment? What is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries? What is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries? What is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries? What is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries? What is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries? What is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe? What is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe? What is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe? What is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe? What is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe? What is the consensus view of the majority of academics? What is a support for the educational attainment of countries that combine strict discipline with high standards of education? What is the consensus view of the majority of academics? What is the consensus view of the majority of academics? What is the problem with classroom discipline and behavior in Japan? What is the problem with classroom discipline and behavior in Japan? What is the problem with classroom discipline and behavior in Japan? What is the problem with classroom discipline and behavior in Japan? What is a disadvantage of maintaining order in the classroom? What is a disadvantage of maintaining order in the classroom? What can teachers do to motivated students? What can teachers do to motivated students? What can teachers do to motivated students? What do Sudbury model democratic schools claim is easier and more efficient than anywhere else? What do Sudbury model democratic schools claim is easier and more efficient than anywhere else? Why do Sudbury model democratic schools' proponents argue that a school has good, clear laws and democratically passed by the entire school community? What do Sudbury model democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority? What do Sudbury model democratic schools' proponents argue is a school that has good, clear laws? What has been found that teachers who showed enthusiasm towards the course materials can affect a positive learning experience towards the course materials? What was found that teachers who showed enthusiasm towards the course materials tend to transfer their passion to receptive students? What is one of the difficulties in a teacher/course evaluation? What is one of the difficulties in this approach? What has recent research found a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom? What is a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and intrinsic motivation to learn? What is a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom? What is a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom? What is a correlation between teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom? What may teacher enthusiasm lead to students becoming more self-determined in their own learning process? What can teacher enthusiasm facilitate? What does the concept of emotional contagion apply to students? What can teacher enthusiasm help students become more self-determined in their own learning process? What does research show that student motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships? What does research show that student motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships? What is a key part of a student's academic success? What does a teacher have to do with a student? What does research show that student motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships? What are students likely to build stronger relations with teachers who are friendly and supportive? What are students likely to build stronger relations with teachers who are friendly and supportive? What are teachers that spend more time interacting and working directly with students perceived as supportive and effective? What are teachers that spend more time interacting and working directly with students perceived as supportive and effective? What are the three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm? What does a teacher need to be enthusiastic about? What can a spark in a teacher create a spark of excitement in the student? What can a spark in a teacher create a spark of excitement? What is the most important aspect of teacher enthusiasm? What has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts? What has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts? What has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts? What has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts? What has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts? What was the prevalence of sexual abuse in England? What was the prevalence of sexual abuse in England? What is important to note that the British study consisted of a random... probability sample of 2,869 young people between the ages of 18 and 24 in a computer-assisted study? What was the AAUW study that posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency? What has caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct? What has caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct in the United States? What has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups? Who said that prosecution for statutory rape is a real anomaly in the law that we are concerned about? What has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups? What has led to a shortage of male teachers? Who said that prosecution for statutory rape is a real anomaly in the law that we are concerned about? What can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, and administrative personnel? How can occupational stress affect teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance? What are teachers at high risk for occupational burnout? What can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, and administrative personnel? What can be caused by organizational change, relationships with students, and administrative personnel? What was the rate of occupational stress in the UK in 2000? What was the rate of occupational stress in the UK in 2000? What percentage of UK teachers experienced occupational stress? What did a 2012 study find that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers? What did a 2012 study find that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers? What is one way to reduce occupational stress among teachers? What can be used to reduce occupational stress among teachers? What are individual-level interventions used to relieve occupational stress among teachers? What are some ways to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching? What can be used to reduce occupational stress among teachers? What are the similarities and differences among teachers around the world? How are teachers educated in a university or college? How is a high school education certificate earned in many countries? What does the US require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation to be able to teach in classroom? What do many educational institutions require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation to be able to teach in classroom? What is education in Australia primarily the responsibility of the individual states and territories? What is the main responsibility of education in Australia? What is the main responsibility of education in Australia? What are the three-tier model of education in Australia? What is the main responsibility of education in Australia? What is required to become a qualified teacher in Canada? What does a second Bachelor's Degree require to become a qualified teacher? What is the salary of a second Bachelor's Degree in Canada? What is the name of the special university classes in Germany? What is the name of the special university classes in Germany? What does Lehramtstudien mean? What do the salaries for teachers depend on? What does Lehramtstudien mean? What is the basic pay for a starting teacher in Ireland? What is the basic pay for a starting teacher? What is the basic pay for a starting teacher in Ireland? What is the basic pay for a starting teacher in Ireland? How are teachers required to be registered with the Teaching Council? How are teachers required to be registered with the Teaching Council? How are teachers required to be registered with the Teaching Council? How are teachers required to be registered with the Teaching Council? When has Garda vetting been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession? When has Garda vetting been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession? What does Garda vetting mean for new entrants to the teaching profession? What does Garda vetting apply to teaching and non-teaching posts? What are the salaries for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers? What is the average salary for preschool teachers? How much do preschool teachers earn annually? How much do preschool teachers earn annually? What is the average salary for preschool teachers? What do many counties offer to attract people into teaching? What do many counties offer to attract people into teaching? What is one of the benefits of a licensing program? What are some counties offering alternative licensing programs to attract people into teaching? What are some counties offering alternative licensing programs to attract people into teaching? In Scotland, who must be registered with the General Teaching Council for Scotland? In Scotland, who must be registered with the General Teaching Council for Scotland? What is the normal route for graduates wishing to teach in Scotland? What is the normal route for graduates wishing to teach in Scotland? What is the normal route for graduates wishing to teach in Scotland? What is the salary of unpromoted teachers in Scotland? What is the salary of unpromoted teachers in Scotland? What is the salary of unpromoted teachers in Scotland? What is the salary of unpromoted teachers in Scotland? What is the salary of unpromoted teachers in Scotland? What does education in Wales differ from elsewhere in the United Kingdom? What type of education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities? What type of education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities? What does education in Wales differ from elsewhere in the United Kingdom? What type of education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities? What is a growing cause of concern about the attacks on teachers in Welsh schools? What is a growing cause of concern about the attacks on teachers in Welsh schools? What is a growing cause of concern about the attacks on teachers in Welsh schools? What is a growing cause of concern about the attacks on teachers in Welsh schools? What is a growing cause of concern about the attacks on teachers in Welsh schools? How does each state determine the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools? What does each state determine the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools? What do charter schools not require that their teachers be certified by the state in which they teach? Why do charter schools not require that their teachers be certified? Why do charter schools not require that their teachers be certified? How have teachers been paid in the past? How have teachers been paid in the past? What is the average salary for US teachers? What was the average teacher salary in the 2006-07 school year? What did the American Federation of Teachers' salary survey show in 2007? What are the three major traditions of spiritual formation in Christianity? What are the three major traditions of spiritual formation in Christianity? What are some of the major churches in Christianity? What are the three major traditions of spiritual formation in Christianity? What does the LDS Church have little in common with the "spiritual teacher" archetype? What does the LDS Church have little in common with the "spiritual teacher" archetype? What does the LDS Church have little in common with the "spiritual teacher" archetype? What is the LDS Church's emphasis on spiritual mentorship? How are priests expected to defer to the father of the house when in his home? What is the name of the spiritual teacher in Hinduism? What is the name of the spiritual teacher in Hinduism? What is the name of the spiritual teacher in Hinduism? What is the name of the spiritual teacher in Hinduism? What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called? What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called? What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called? What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called? What is a Tulku? What is one of the four Schools of Jurisprudence? What is one of the four Schools of Jurisprudence? What is one of the four Schools of Jurisprudence? What is one of the four Schools of Jurisprudence? What is one of the four Schools of Jurisprudence? What was Martin Luther's name? What was Martin Luther's name? What did Luther do to the Late Medieval Catholic Church? Why did Luther reject several teachings and practices of the Late Medieval Catholic Church? What did Martin Luther propose an academic discussion of the power and usefulness of indulgences in his Ninety-Five Theses of 1517? What did Luther teach that salvation is not earned by good deeds but is received as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin? What did Luther teach that salvation is not earned by good deeds but is received as a free gift of God's grace through faith in Jesus Christ as redeemer from sin? What did Luther teach that the Bible is the only source of divine knowledge from God? What did Luther teach that the Bible is the only source of divine knowledge from God? What did Luther teach that the Bible is the only source of divine knowledge from God? What was the effect of the translation of the Bible into the vernacular? What was the effect of the translation of the Bible into the vernacular? What was the effect of the translation of the Bible into the vernacular? What influenced the writing of the Tyndale Bible? What was the result of his marriage to Katharina von Bora? Who was Martin Luther born to? Who was Martin Luther born to? Who was Martin Luther born to? When was Martin Luther baptized as a Catholic? What was Martin Luther's eldest son determined to become? When did he enter the University of Erfurt? When did he enter the University of Erfurt? What was Erfurt's master's degree? What was Erfurt's master's degree? What was Erfurt's master's degree in 1505? When did Luther enroll in law school? Why did Luther drop out of law school? Why did Luther drop out of law school? What was Luther's interest in theology and philosophy? Why did Luther drop out of law school? What did Luther say he was terrified of death and divine judgment? What was Luther's decision to enter a closed cloister in Erfurt? What was Luther's decision to enter a closed Augustinian cloister in Erfurt? What did Luther blame for his decision to enter a closed Augustinian cloister in Erfurt? What was Luther's father furious about? What did Luther dedicate himself to the Augustinian order? What did Luther describe the period of his life as one of deep spiritual despair? What did Luther describe the period of his life as one of deep spiritual despair? What did Luther call the period of his life one of deep spiritual despair? What did Johann von Staupitz teach Luther's mind away from continual reflection on his sins toward the merits of Christ? When was von Staupitz sent for Luther to teach theology? When was von Staupitz sent for Luther to teach theology? When was von Staupitz sent for Luther to teach theology? What did von Staupitz do to teach theology? What did von Staupitz do to teach theology? When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? What did the Roman Catholic Church sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica? What did the Roman Catholic Church sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica? What did the Roman Catholic Church sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica? What did the Roman Catholic Church say that faith cannot justify man? What did the Roman Catholic Church say that faith cannot justify man? When did Luther write to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences? When did Luther write to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences? What was Luther's "Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences"? What did Hans Hillerbrand say Luther had no intention of confronting the church? What was the name of the Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences? What did Luther object to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel that "as soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven') springs? What did Luther object to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel? What did Luther object to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel that "as soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven') springs? What did Luther object to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel that "as soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven') springs? What did he say that those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation were in error? What did he say that those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation were in error? What did he say that those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments and granted them salvation were in error? What did he say Christians must not slacken in following Christ on account of false assurances? What did Christ ians say should not slacken in following Christ? What was the oft-quoted saying of Tetzel? What was the oft-quoted saying of Tetzel? What was Tetzel's teaching on indulgences for the living in line with Catholic dogma? What was Tetzel's teaching on indulgences for the living in line with Catholic dogma? What is the story of the posting on the door based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon? What is the story of the posting on the door based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon? What is the story of the posting on the door based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon? What is the story of the posting on the door based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon? What is the story of the posting on the door based on comments made by Philipp Melanchthon? What was the first time the 95 Theses were translated into German? What was the first time the 95 Theses were translated into German? What was the first time the 95 Theses were translated into German? What was the first time the 95 Theses were translated into German? What was the first time the 95 Theses were translated into German? How did Luther's writings reach France, England, and Italy as early as 1519? Why did Luther's writings reach France, England, and Italy as early as 1519? What was Luther's career one of his most creative and productive? How were Luther's works published in 1520? What three of Luther's best-known works were published in 1520? When did Luther lecture on the Psalms? How did Luther view the use of terms such as penance and righteousness by the Catholic Church? How did Luther view the use of terms like penance and righteousness by the Catholic Church in new ways? How did Luther view the use of terms like penance and righteousness by the Catholic Church in new ways? What was Luther's most important doctrine of justification? What was Luther's teaching in 1525? What was the name of Luther's 1525 publication on the Bondage of the Will? What did Luther say was a gift from God? What did Luther explain his concept of "justification" in the Smalcald Articles? What was Luther's idea of "justification"? What was the foundation for the Reformation? What was the foundation for the Reformation? What was Luther's railing against the sale of indulgences based on? What was the foundation for the Reformation? What did Albrecht do to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses? What did Albrecht not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses? What did the Archbishop Albrecht need to pay off for his tenure of more than one bishop? What did the Archbishop Albrecht need to do to pay off a papal dispensation for his tenure of more than one bishop? What did Albrecht not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses? What did Pope Leo X do? How did Pope Leo X react to Luther? What did Cajetan Luther say he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church? What did Cajetan Luther say he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church? What did Cajetan believe Luther was an enemy of the pope? When did the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz adopt a more conciliatory approach? What did the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz do? Who was determined to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum? What was Luther's boldest assertion in the debate? What did Eck call Luther a new Jan Hus? When did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication? When did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication? When did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication? Why was Luther excommunicated by Pope Leo X? Why was Luther excommunicated by Pope Leo X? Why did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms? When did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms? What was the name of the general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms? What was the name of the general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms? Who obtained a safe conduct for Luther to and from the meeting? Who presented Luther with copies of his writings? Who gave Luther copies of his writings to the Archbishop of Trier? What did Johann Eck ask Luther to do? What was Luther's response to the second question? What did Johann Eck ask Luther to do? When did Luther raise his arm in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout? When did Luther raise his arm in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout? When did Luther raise his arm in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout? What does Mullett think Luther's speech is a world classic of epoch-making oratory? What did Luther do to his writings? What did Luther do to his writings? What do recent scholars consider the evidence for these words to be unreliable? What did Mullett believe that Luther would tend to select the more dramatic form of words? How did the Edict of Worms end? What was the final draft of the Edict of Worms? What was the final draft of the Edict of Worms? What was the final draft of the Edict of Worms? What did the Edict of Worms allow anyone to kill Luther without legal consequence? What happened to Luther during his return to Wittenberg? What happened to Luther during his stay at Wartburg? What did Luther do during his stay at Wartburg? What did Luther do during his stay at Wartburg? What did Luther do during his stay at Wartburg? What was Luther's argument on faith that all humans are sinners by nature? What did Luther say is a sin? What was Luther's argument about God's grace in 1521? What was Luther's argument about God's grace in 1521? What was Luther's view of God's grace in 1521? When did Luther widen his target from individual pieties to doctrines at the heart of Church practices? What was Luther's essay on Confession? What was Luther's essay on Confession? What was Luther's essay on Confession? What did Luther write on Monastic Vows? What was Luther's main interest on the prophecy of the Little Horn? In 1521, what was Luther's main interest on the prophecy of the Little Horn? What was Luther's main interest in the prophecy of the Little Horn? What was Luther's main interest in the prophecy of the Little Horn? What was Luther's main interest in the prophecy of the Little Horn? What did Andreas Karlstadt do in 1521? What did Andreas Karlstadt achieve in 1521? What happened to Andreas Karlstadt in June 1521? Why did Luther write A Sincere Admonition? What was Luther's duty to act when he visited Wittenberg? When did Luther return to Wittenberg? How did Luther return to Wittenberg? Why did Luther preach eight sermons? Why did Luther preach eight sermons? What was the name of the eight sermons Luther preached? What was the effect of Luther's intervention? What did Jerome Schurf write to the elector after the sixth sermon? What did Jerome Schurf write to the elector after the sixth sermon? What did Jerome Schurf say about Dr. Martin's return? What did Jerome Schurf say is bringing back misguided people into the way of the truth? What did Luther do to restore public order? What did Luther do to restore public order? What did Luther do after he was banishing the Zwickau prophets? What did Luther do after he was banished from the Zwickau prophets? What did Luther do after he was banished from the Zwickau prophets? What did Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer help instigate the German Peasants' War? What did Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer help instigate the German Peasants' War? What did Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer help instigate the German Peasants' War? What did many peasants believe Luther would do? What led many peasants to believe he would support an attack on the upper classes? What did Luther do with the peasants' grievances? What did Luther do during his tour of Thuringia? What did Luther call for the nobles to put down the rebels like mad dogs? What did Luther call for the nobles to put down the rebels like mad dogs? What did Luther call for the nobles to put down the rebels like mad dogs? How did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels? Why did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels? Why did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels? What is the foundation for the doctrine known as the Divine Right of Kings? Why did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels? Why did many rebels feel betrayed? What caused the revolutionary stage of the Reformation to close? What caused the revolutionary stage of the Reformation to close? What caused the revolutionary stage of the Reformation to close? What happened to the Reformation? What happened to Katharina von Bora? What did Martin Luther do to Katharina von Bora? When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora? When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora? What happened to Katharina von Bora? What happened to the couple on June 13th 1525? When was the couple married? What did Bugenhagen do on the evening of the same day? What did Bugenhagen do on the evening of the same day? What happened to the couple on June 13th 1525? What did Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage? What did Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on clerical marriage? What was Luther's decision to marry? What did Luther expect when he married? What was Luther's decision to marry? What was the name of the wedding present that Luther and his wife moved into? What was the name of the wedding present that Luther and his wife moved into? What did Luther confided to Michael Stiefel? What did Luther confided to Michael Stiefel? What was the name of the marriage that Luther and his wife moved into? Why did Luther find himself increasingly occupied in organising a new church? What was Luther's idea of organising a new church? What was Luther's idea of organising a new church? What was Luther's idea of organising a new church? What was Luther's idea of organising a new church? How did Luther avoid extreme change? Why did Luther not want to replace controlling system with another? Why did Luther not want to replace controlling system with another? What did Luther do to the church in the Electorate of Saxony? What did Luther say was the beginning of a questionable and unintended development towards a church government? Why did Luther write a German Mass? Why did Luther write a German Mass? Why did Luther write a German Mass? Why did Luther write a German Mass? What did Luther do in 1526? Who introduced the new order of worship during the visitation of the Electorate of Saxony? Who introduced the new order of worship during the visitation of the Electorate of Saxony? What did the Electorate of Saxony begin in 1527? What did Luther write about the common people knowing nothing at all of Christian doctrine? What did Luther say many pastors are well-nigh unskilled and incapable of teaching? What did Luther devised the catechism as a method of imparting the basics of Christianity to the congregations? What was the purpose of the catechism? What was the purpose of the catechism? What was the purpose of the catechism? What was the purpose of the catechism? What is one of Luther's most personal works? What is one of Luther's most personal works? What is the name of the small Catechism that has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching? What has the Small Catechism earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching? What has the Small Catechism earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching? What did Luther's Small Catechism help pastors? What did Luther's Small Catechism help pastors? What language did Luther use to express the Apostles' Creed? What was Luther's goal to enable the catechumens to see themselves as a personal object of the work of the three persons of the Trinity? What does Salvation originate with the Father and draws the believer to the Father? What was the name of Luther's translation of the New Testament? What was the name of Luther's translation of the New Testament? What was the name of Luther's translation of the New Testament? What did Luther do when he was criticised for inserting the word " alone" after "faith" in Romans 3:28? What did Luther do when he was criticised for inserting the word "alone" after "faith" in Romans 3:28? What was Luther's translation of the Bible intelligible to both northern and southern Germans? What was Luther's translation of the Bible intelligible to both northern and southern Germans? What did Luther use to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans? What did Luther use to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans? What did Luther use to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans? When did Luther's version become a popular and influential Bible translation? When did Luther's version become a popular and influential Bible translation? What did Luther's version of the Bible make a significant contribution to the evolution of German language and literature? What did Luther's version of the Luther Bible play a major role in the spread of Luther's doctrine? What did Luther's version of the Luther Bible play a major role in the spread of Luther's doctrine? What was the name of Luther's prolific hymn-writer? What was the name of the hymn that Luther wrote? What was Luther's tool of choice for connection with worship, school, home, and the public arena? What was Luther's tool of choice for the singing of German hymns in connection with worship, school, home, and the public arena? What was Luther's tool of choice for the singing of German hymns in connection with worship, school, home, and the public arena? What were Luther's hymns often evoked by? What did Luther learn about the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes? What did Luther learn about the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes? What was John C. Messenger's translation of the hymn "Ein neues Lied wir heben an"? What did Luther learn about the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes? What is the name of Luther's 1524 creedal hymn? What is the name of Luther's 1524 creedal hymn? What is the name of Luther's 1524 creedal hymn? What did Luther's 1524 creedal hymn gain widespread use in vernacular Lutheran liturgies? What did Luther's 1524 creedal hymn gain widespread use in vernacular Lutheran liturgies? What is the name of Luther's 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer? What is the name of Luther's 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer? What did the 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer serve as? What is the name of the hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer? What is the name of Luther's 1538 hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer? What did Luther write in 1523 to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship? What did Luther write in 1523 to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship? What did Luther write in 1523 to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship? What was the name of the first Lutheran hymnal? What was the reason for the expanded version of "Aus tiefer Not"? What was the main hymn for Advent? What was the main hymn for Advent? What was the main hymn for Advent? What was the main hymn for Advent? What was the name of the German Te Deum? What is the name of Luther's 1541 hymn? What did Luther's 1541 hymn "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" reflect? What was the name of Luther's 1541 hymn? What did Luther's 1541 hymn "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" reflect? What did Luther's 1541 hymn "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" reflect? What were Luther's hymns included in early Lutheran hymnals? How were Luther's hymns included in early Lutheran hymnals? How were Luther's hymns included in early Lutheran hymnals? How were Luther's hymns included in early Lutheran hymnals? How were Luther's hymns included in early Lutheran hymnals? What did Luther's hymns inspire composers to write music? What did Johann Sebastian Bach include in his second annual cycle? What did Luther's hymns inspire composers to write music? What did Luther's hymns inspire composers to write music? What did Luther's hymns inspire composers to write music? What did Luther say was not false doctrine to believe that a Christian's soul sleeps after it is separated from the body in death? Why did Luther reject Purgatory? Why did Luther reject Purgatory? Why did Luther reject Purgatory? What did Luther say the saints were currently residing in their graves and in heaven? What did the Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper observe that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians? What did the Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper observe that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians? What did Franz Pieper observe about Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death? What was Lessing's analysis of Lutheran orthodoxy? What does Luther's Commentary on Genesis conclude the soul does not sleep? What did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread? What did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread? What did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread? What did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread? What was the purpose of the assembly of the German and Swiss theologians at the Marburg Colloquy? What was the purpose of the assembly of the German and Swiss theologians? What was the goal of establishing doctrinal unity in the emerging Protestant states? What did Philip I do to establish doctrinal unity in the emerging Protestant states? What did Philip I do to establish doctrinal unity in the emerging Protestant states? What did theologians differ on the significance of the words spoken by Jesus at the Last Supper? What did Luther say was the real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine? What did Luther say was the real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine? What did Luther say was the real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine? How did Luther feel about Jesus' human nature? What did the Marburg Colloquypaved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession? What did the Marburg Colloquypaved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession? What did the Marburg Colloquypaved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession? What did the Swiss cities not sign these agreements? What did the Marburg Colloquypaved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession? What have some scholars asserted that Luther taught that faith and reason were antithetical in the sense that questions of faith could not be illuminated by reason? What have some scholars asserted that Luther taught that faith and reason were antithetical in the sense that questions of faith could not be illuminated by reason? What are some of Luther's works on Biblical Criticism? What have some scholars asserted that Luther taught that faith and reason were antithetical in the sense that questions of faith could not be illuminated by reason? What is Luther's concern in separating faith and reason? In 1523, what did Luther say Jesus Christ was born a Jew? Why did Luther lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity? In 1523, what did Luther say Jesus Christ was born a Jew? What did Luther lose hope in his 1543 treatise? What was the name of Luther's 1543 treatise? What was Luther's view of the Turks as a scourge? What was Luther's view of the Turks as a scourge? What was Luther's view of the Turks as a scourge? What was Luther's view of the Turks as a scourge? By 1529, what was Luther urging the Germans to fight a secular war against the Turks? When did Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an? What did Luther produce in 1542? What did Luther produce in 1542? What did Luther call Islam a tool of the devil? What did Luther do to the Qur'an? What did Johannes Agricola believe was behind the anonymous antinomian theses? What did Johannes Agricola believe was behind the antinomian theses circulating in Wittenberg? What did Luther believe Agricola was behind? What did Luther believe Agricola was behind? What did Luther believe Agricola was behind? What does Luther say is the second use of the law? What does Luther say is the second use of the law? What does Luther state that everything that is used to work sorrow over sin is called the law? Why does Luther say that the law does not eliminate the accusing law? Why did Luther refuse to preach the Ten Commandments? What is the third use of the law? What is the third use of the law? What has traditionally been called the third use of the law? What has traditionally been called the "third use of the law"? What is the third use of the law? The Ten Commandments are a present foreshadowing of the believers' future angel-like life in heaven in the midst of this life? The Ten Commandments are a present foreshadowing of the believers' future angel-like life in heaven in the midst of this life? What does Luther's teaching of the Ten Commandments have clear eschatological overtones? When did Luther become implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse? When did Luther become implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse? When did Luther become implicated in the bigamy of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse? What did Martin Brecht believe Luther's mistake was? What did Brecht believe Luther miscalculated? What did Luther do to the Jews? What did Luther write about the Jews during his career? What did Luther do to the Jews? What did Luther consider the Jews blasphemers and liars because they rejected the divinity of Jesus? What did Luther do in 1523? What was the name of Luther's treatise on the Jews? What was the name of Luther's treatise on the Jews? What was the name of Luther's treatise on the Jews? What was the name of Luther's treatise on the Jews? What was the name of Luther's treatise on the Jews? What did Luther speak out against the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia? What was the name of the Jewish spokesman who tried to help the Jews of Saxony in 1537? What was the name of the Jewish spokesman who tried to help the Jews of Saxony in 1537? What did Josel ask the city of Strasbourg to forbid the sale of Luther's anti-Jewish works? What happened to the Jews in the 1580s? Who was the most widely read author of his generation? What did Reinhold Lewin say was a "ideal underpinning" for the Nazis' attacks on Jews? What did Reinhold Lewin say was a "ideal underpinning" for the Nazis' attacks on Jews? Who was the most widely read author of his generation? What did Heinrich Himmler write admiringly of his writings and sermons on the Jews in 1940? What did the seven regional church confederations agree with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge? What did the seven Protestant regional church confederations agree with on the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge? What did Sasse say Luther's writing was a "blueprint"? What did Bishop Martin Sasse say Luther's writing was a "blueprint"? What did Sasse say Luther's writing was a "blueprint"? What do some scholars see Luther's influence as limited and the Nazis' use of his work as opportunistic? What does Johannes Wallmann say Luther's work was opportunistic? What does Johannes Wallmann say Luther's work was opportunistic? Who argues that Luther's writings were largely ignored in the 18th and 19th centuries? What did Bainton say Luther's work was a precursor of the racial antisemitism of the Nazis? What does Ronald Berger argue that Luther's violence lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism? What does Ronald Berger say Luther is credited with establishing anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity? What did Paul Rose argue that Luther caused a "hysterical and demonizing mentality" about Jews to enter German thought and discourse? What did Probst argue that Luther's violence lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism? What did Probst argue that Luther's violence lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism? What did Edwards say Luther's antisemitic views were partly the result of a declining state of mind? What did Edwards say Luther's antisemitic views were partly the result of a declining state of mind? What did Edwards say Luther used vulgarity and violence for effect? What did Edwards say Luther's antisemitic views were partly the result of a declining state of mind? What did Edwards say Luther's antisemitic views were partly the result of a declining state of mind? Why have Lutheran Church denominations rejected Martin Luther's statements against the Jews? What did Strommen et al. say Lutherans were the least prejudiced toward Jews? What did Strommen et al. say Lutherans were the least prejudiced toward Jews? What did Strommen et al. say Lutherans were the least prejudiced toward Jews? How did Luther's health deteriorate from 1531 to 1546? How did Luther's health deteriorate from 1531 to 1546? What did Luther suffer from in 1536? What did Luther suffer from in 1536? When did Luther begin to feel the effects of angina? What did Luther do in 1545 and 1546? What did Luther do in 1545 and 1546? What did Luther do in 1545 and 1546? What did Luther do in 1545 and 1546? What happened to Luther in 1545 and 1546? What was Luther's last sermon delivered at Eisleben? What was Luther's last sermon delivered at Eisleben? What was the name of the last sermon delivered at Eisleben? What was the name of the last sermon delivered at Eisleben? What was Luther's last sermon? Why was Luther's final journey to Mansfeld taken? What was Luther's final journey to Mansfeld? What was Luther's final journey to Mansfeld? What was Luther's final journey to Mansfeld? Why was Luther's final journey to Mansfeld taken? What was the outcome of the negotiations? When did Luther go to his bed, he prayed, "Into your hand I commit my spirit"? When he went to his bed, he prayed, "Into your hand I commit my spirit"? When he went to his bed, he prayed, "Into your hand I commit my spirit"? When did Luther awoke with more chest pain? What was the name of the stroke that deprived him of his speech? What caused the death of the 62-year-old in 1546? What was the name of the stroke that deprived him of his speech? What was the name of the city in which he was buried? Who held the funeral? What was found on Luther's last statement? What was Luther's last statement? What was Luther's last statement? When were printed images of Luther crucial to the spread of Protestantism? What was Luther presented as a stout man with a double chin, strong mouth, piercing deep-set eyes, and squat neck? What was Luther shown to be physically imposing in the 1530s and 1540s? Why was Luther shown to be a stout man? When were printed images of Luther crucial to the spread of Protestantism? What is Luther's commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal Calendar of Saints? What is Luther's commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints? Where is Luther commemorated? Where is Luther commemorated? What is Luther's commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal Calendar of Saints? What is the geographic and cultural region that generally comprises California's southernmost 10 counties? What is the geographic and cultural region that generally comprises California's southernmost 10 counties? What is Southern California a major economic center for the state of California and the United States? How many counties are in Southern California? What is Southern California a major economic center for the state of California and the United States? What are the 8- and 10-county definitions not used for? What are the 8- and 10-county definitions not used for? What is the Southern California Megaregion? What is the Southern California Megaregion? What is the Southern California Megaregion? What is the name of Southern California's population? What is the name of Southern California's population? What are the five counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura all combined to make up the Greater Los Angeles Area? What is the name of Southern California's population? Why are the five counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura combined to make up the Greater Los Angeles Area? Where is the Mojave Desert? Where is the Mojave Desert? Where is the Mojave Desert? Where is the Mojave Desert? What is the most populous city in California? What is Los Angeles the most populous city in California? What is the most populous city in California? What is the most populous city in California? What is the most populous city in California? What are the five most populous counties in the US? What are the five most populous counties in the US? What are the five most populous counties in the US? What are the five most populous counties in the US? What are the five most populous counties in the US? What is the name of the Hollywood district in southern California? What industry is centered on the Los Angeles in southern California? What is the name of the Hollywood district in southern California? What industry is centered on the Los Angeles in southern California? What is the name of the Hollywood district in southern California? What type of culture does Volcom, Quiksilver, RVCA, and Body Glove belong to? What are some of the world's legendary surf spots in southern California? What are some of the world's legendary surf spots in southern California? What are some of the world's biggest surf spots in southern California? What is the name of the Transpac ific Yacht Race? What are some of the popular beaches on the southern California coast? What are some of the popular beaches on the southern California coast? What are some of the popular beaches on the southern California coast? What are some of the popular beaches on the southern California coast? What does the term "southern California" not coincide with? What does the term "southern California" not coincide with? What does the term "southern California" usually refer to? What does the term "southern California" refer to? What does the term "southern California" usually refer to? What did the political disputes rage between the Californios of Monterey and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California? What did the political disputes rage between the Californios of Monterey and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California? What did the political disputes rage between the Californios of Monterey and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California? What did the pro-slavery politicians attempt to arrange the division of Alta California at 36 degrees, 30 minutes, the line of the Missouri Compromise? What did the pro-slavery politicians attempt to arrange the division of Alta California at 36 degrees, 30 minutes, the line of the Missouri Compromise? What did Californios and pro-slavery southerners attempt to achieve in the 1850s? What did the Cow Counties attempt to achieve in the 1850s? What did Californios and pro-slavery southerners attempt to achieve in the 1850s? How was the Pico Act approved? What happened to the Pico Act of 1859? What did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as? When did the Los Angeles Times define southern California? What did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as? How did the Los Angeles Times define southern California? What did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as? What is the state most commonly divided and promoted by? What are the two AAA Auto Clubs of the state? What are the two AAA Auto Clubs of the state? What is the geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis? What is the state most commonly divided and promoted by its regional tourism groups? What is the third most populated megalopolis in the US? What is the third most populated megalopolis in the US? What is Southern California famous for? What is Southern California famous for? What is the name of the major metropolitan area in Southern California? What is the main gap to continued urbanization? What is Camp Pendleton? What does the United States Census Bureau consider the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County? What does the Census Bureau consider the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County? What does the Census Bureau consider the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County? What type of climate does Southern California have? What type of climate does Southern California have? What type of climate does Southern California have? What type of climate does Southern California have? What type of climate does Southern California have? What is the name of the region that spans from Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains to the vast deserts of California? What is one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in Southern California? What is one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in Southern California? What is the name of the region that spans from Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains to the vast deserts of California? What is the name of the region that spans from Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains to the vast deserts of California? How many earthquakes are in the southern California area? How many earthquakes are in the southern California area? What caused the most property damage of any earthquake in U.S. history? What caused the most property damage of any earthquake in U.S. history? What caused the most property damage of any earthquake in U.S. history? What is the magnitude 8.0 earthquake? What is the magnitude 8.0 earthquake? The San Andreas Fault can produce a magnitude 8.0 event? What has the USGS released a California Earthquake forecast? What has the USGS released a California Earthquake forecast? How is Southern California divided into distinct regions? How is Southern California divided into distinct regions? How is Southern California divided into distinct regions? When did southern California have a population of 22,680,010? What was the population of southern California in 2010? What was the population of southern California in 2010? What was the population of southern California in 2010? What was the population of southern California in 2010? What is the largest metropolitan area in Southern California? What is the Greater Los Angeles area? What is the Greater Los Angeles area? What is the name of the metropolitan area in Greater Los Angeles? What are the two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population? What are the two largest cities in all of California? What are the two largest cities in all of California? How many cities are in southern California? How many cities are in southern California? What are some of southern California's most developed cities? What is Southern California's economy? What is Southern California famous for? What is the name of the region that has been heavily impacted by the housing crash? What is Southern California's economy? What is the name of the region that has been heavily impacted by the housing crash? How long have motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing been major industries? What have motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing been major industries since the 1920s? What have motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing been major industries since the 1920s? What have motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing been major industries since the 1920s? What has been a major factor in aerospace since the 1920s? What is the central business district in Southern California? What are some of the major business districts in Southern California? What are some of the major business districts in Southern California? What are the major business districts in the Los Angeles Area? What are the major business districts in the Los Angeles Area? What is the main business district in Los Angeles? What are the major business districts in the Los Angeles Area? What is the name of the business districts in San Bernardino-Riverside? What is the name of the business districts in San Bernardino? What is the name of the business districts in San Bernardino-Riverside? What is the name of the business center in Orange County? What is the name of the business center in Orange County? What is the name of the business center in Orange County? What is the name of the business center in Orange County? What is the name of the business center in Orange County? What is the central business district of San Diego? What are some of San Diego's business districts? What are some of San Diego's business districts? What is the central business district of San Diego? What is Los Angeles International Airport? What is Los Angeles International Airport? What is Los Angeles International Airport? What is Los Angeles International Airport? What is Los Angeles International Airport? How many of the seven lines of the commuter rail system run out of Downtown Los Angeles? How many lines of the commuter rail system run out of Downtown Los Angeles? How many lines of the commuter rail system run out of Downtown Los Angeles? How many of the seven lines of the commuter rail system run out of Downtown Los Angeles? What is the busiest commercial port in Southern California? What is the busiest commercial port in Southern California? What is the busiest commercial port in Southern California? What is the Tech Coast a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base? What is the Tech Coast a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base? What is the Tech Coast a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base? What is the Tech Coast a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base? What is the Tech Coast a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base? What is the name of the professional sports teams in Southern California? What is the name of the professional sports teams in Southern California? What is the name of the professional sports teams in Southern California? What is the name of the professional sports teams in Southern California? What is the name of the professional sports teams in Southern California? What did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play at the StubHub Center? What did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play at the StubHub Center? When did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play at the StubHub Center? What did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play at the StubHub Center? What happened to the Chivas USA team after the 2014 MLS season? What type of sports are the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans popular in southern California? What is a longtime rivalry between the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans? What is a longtime rivalry between the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans? What is a longtime rivalry between the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans? What is a longtime rivalry between the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans? What is a growing sport in southern California? What is a growing sport in southern California? What is a growing sport in southern California? What was BSkyB's largest digital subscription television company? What was BSkyB's largest digital subscription television company? What was BSkyB's biggest digital subscription television company? What was BSkyB's biggest digital subscription television company? What did BSkyB change its name to Sky plc? What was the result of BSkyB's monopoly? What was the result of BSkyB's monopoly? What happened to B Sky B's monopoly from the 2007-08 season? What was the cost of the six Premier League packages that the English FA offered to broadcasters? Why was BSkyB able to join ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement? Why was BSkyB able to join ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement? Why was BSkyB able to join ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement? What three channels were available on ITV Digital prior to October 2005? What did BSkyB initially provide to Sky Travel? What did BSkyB initially charge for using a Sky+ PVR with their service? What did BSkyB discontinue in 2007? What does BSkyB do to customers that have Sky+ and subscribe to BSkyB's channels? What did BSkyB discontinue in 2010? What did BSkyB discontinue in 2010? What does BSkyB use? What does BSkyB use? What does BSkyB use? What does BSkyB use? What does BSkyB have design authority over all digital satellite receivers capable of receiving their service? What resulted in Virgin Media removing the basic channels from the network? What happened to Virgin Media and BSkyB in 2007? What happened to Virgin Media's claim that BSkyB had increased the asking price for Sky channels? What happened to Virgin Media's claim that BSkyB had increased the asking price for Sky channels? What happened to Virgin Media's claim that BSkyB had increased the asking price for Sky channels? When did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? When did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? What did the English High Court of Justice say Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? What did the English High Court of Justice say Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? What did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? What did Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch believe was a fee-based concept? What was the idea of converting the company business strategy to a fee-based concept? What happened to BSkyB's analogue service? What happened to BSkyB's analogue service? How did BSkyB reach 3.5 million households by mid-1994? What is the name of the British telecommunications company that serves the United Kingdom? What is the name of the British telecommunications company that serves the United Kingdom? What is Sky's largest pay-TV broadcaster? What was Sky's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview? What is the Sky Q range of products and services to be available in 2016? What do the Sky Q set top boxes introduce? What does the Sky Q Silver set top boxes allow for? When was Sky Q announced? When was Sky Q announced? What type of broadcasts are available with the Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels? What does BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts use? What is the DVB-S2 standard? What is the name of the proprietary OpenTV system? What is the DVB-S2 standard? When Sky Digital was launched, what was the name of the new service that used the Astra 2A satellite? When Sky Digital was launched, what was the name of the new service that used the Astra 2A satellite? When Sky Digital was launched, what was the name of the new service that used the Astra 2A satellite? When Sky Digital was launched, what was the name of the new service that used the Astra 2A satellite? When Sky Digital was launched, what was the name of the new service that used the Astra 2A satellite? When did BSkyB launch its HDTV service? When did BSkyB claim that 40,000 people had registered to receive the HDTV service? Why did BSkyB claim that 40,000 people had registered to receive the HDTV service? Why did the BBC report that BSkyB had cancelled or rescheduled its HDTV service? What was the total number of homes with Sky+HD? When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels? What did BSkyB propose to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels? When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels? What did BSkyB propose to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels? What did BSkyB propose to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels? What are some broadcasts free-to-air and unencrypted? What are some broadcasts free-to-air and unencrypted? What is the purpose of a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver? What is provided at the end of the dish and pointed at the correct satellite constellation? What is the purpose of a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver? When were talks held for the broadcast rights for the Premier League for a five-year period? What were the current rights holders of the Premier League in 1991? What did ITV do to keep the rights of the Premier League? What did BSkyB join forces with the BBC to make a counter bid? What did BSkyB join forces with the BBC to make a counter bid? What is BSkyB's operating licence? What is BSkyB's operating licence? What is BSkyB's operating licence? What does BSkyB not carry any control over the content or carriage issues? What does BSkyB not carry any control over the content or carriage issues? What was the name of BSkyB's digital service? What was the name of BSkyB's digital service? What were the key selling points of BSkyB's digital service? What were the key selling points of BSkyB's digital service? What did BSkyB compete with in 1999? Virgin Media has claimed that other HD channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform? Virgin Media has claimed that other HD channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform? Virgin Media has claimed that other HD channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform? Virgin Media has claimed that other HD channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform? Virgin Media has claimed that other HD channels were "locked up" or otherwise withheld from their platform? What did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service become available in 2010? How did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service reach its target? What was the target of BSkyB's direct-to-home service? How did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service reach its target? What did media commentators debate about BSkyB's direct-to-home service? What was the claim that a subscription to BSkyB was 'often damaging'? What was the claim that a subscription to BSkyB was 'often damaging'? What was the claim that a subscription to BSkyB was damaging? What did the Daily Mail report in 2012? What did the Daily Mail report in 2012? What are the agreements that allow both channel suppliers to secure additional capped payments if their channels meet performance-related targets? What is there no indication of the new deal with BSkyB? What did BSkyB and Virgin Media agree to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of their respective basic channels? What is there no indication about the new deal? What did BSkyB and Virgin Media agree to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of their respective basic channels? What is Victoria's total gross state product ranked second in Australia? What is Victoria's total gross state product ranked second in Australia? What is Victoria's total gross state product ranked second in Australia? What is the largest stadium in Australia? What is the largest stadium in Australia? How did Chinese miners work in Victoria? What was the reason for the riots in New South Wales? What was the cause of the riots in 1857? What was the cause of the riot at Buckland Valley in 1857? What was the cause of the riot at Buckland Valley in 1857? What happened to the Victorian Legislative Council elections in 2006? What was the name of the new proportional representation system in the State of Victoria? What was the name of the new proportional representation system in the State of Victoria? What happened to the number of upper house members in the Victorian Legislative Council? How do Elections for the Victorian Parliament occur in November of 2006? What are Victoria's main political parties? What are Victoria's main political parties? What are Victoria's main political parties? What is Victoria's main political party? What are Victoria's main political parties? What percentage of Victorians describe themselves as Christian? What is the largest non-Christian religion in Victoria? What is Victoria's largest non-Christian religion? What is Victoria's largest non-Christian religion? What percentage of Victorians claim no religion? What is Victoria's most densely populated state? What is Victoria's most densely populated state? What is Victoria's most densely populated state? What is Victoria's largest city? What is Victoria's largest city? When was Victoria inhabited by a large number of Aboriginal peoples? Why was Victoria included in the wider colony of New South Wales? Why was Victoria included in the wider colony of New South Wales? What was the first settlement in the area? What was the name of the first settlement in the area? How many square kilometers of Victorian farmland are sown for grain? How much of Victorian farmland is sown for grain? How many square miles of Victorian farmland are sown for grain? How many Australian pears are produced by Victorian farms? What is the main vegetable crops of Victorian farmland? What does the Victoria Constitution Act 1855 establish as the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility? What does the Victoria Constitution Act 1855 establish as the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility? What does the Victoria Constitution Act 1855 establish as the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility? What does the Victoria Constitution Act 1855 establish as the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility? What is the Victoria Constitution Act 1855? What are Victoria's warmest regions with hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts? What is the average temperature of the Mallee and upper Wimmera? What is the average temperature of the Mallee and upper Wimmera? What is Victoria's highest maximum temperature since World War II? What is Victoria's highest maximum temperature since World War II? What is the name of the public schools that are funded by the Victoria Department of Education? What is the name of the public schools that are funded by the Victoria Department of Education? How are public schools funded by the Victoria Department of Education? What are private schools similar to British public schools? What do private schools receive public funding? What has Victoria been the base for the manufacturing plants of the major car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden? What has Victoria been the base for the manufacturing plants of the major car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden? What was the name of Toyota's announcement of closure in 2017? What did Toyota's statement in February 2014 outlining a closure year of 2017? What has Victoria been the base for the manufacturing plants of the major car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden? What is the highest peak of Mount Bogong? What is the highest peak of Mount Bogong? What is the highest peak of Mount Bogong? What is the Murray River system? What is the name of the state symbols in Victoria? What is the coldest part of Victoria? What is the coldest part of Victoria? What is the coldest part of Victoria? What is the average temperature in Victoria? What is the state's lowest minimum temperature? How is Rail transport provided in Victoria? What are the major operators of Rail transport in Victoria? What are the major operators of Rail transport in Victoria? What are the major operators of Rail transport in Victoria? What are the major operators of Rail transport in Victoria? How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate? How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate? What is the Parliament of Victoria governed by the Labor Party? What is the upper house of the Parliament of Victoria? What is the name of the personal representative of the Queen of Australia? What was the name of the new Colony of Victoria? What was the name of the new Colony of Victoria? What caused the discovery of gold in 1851? How did Victoria's population increase in 1851? What did Victoria produce in the decade 1851-1860? As of August 2010, how many public schools were in Victoria? As of August 2010, how many public schools were in Victoria? How many students were enrolled in public schools in 2010? How many full-time teachers are in Victoria? How much of Victoria's private students attend Catholic schools? What is Victoria the centre of dairy farming in Australia? What is Victoria the centre of dairy farming in Australia? What is Victoria the centre of dairy farming in Australia? What is Victoria the centre of dairy farming in Australia? What is the mainstay of the catch in Victoria? What type of gauge is used by Victorian railways? What type of gauge is used by Victorian railways? What are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines built in mountainous areas? What are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines built in mountainous areas? What are the remnants of five formerly government-owned lines built in mountainous areas? What was the first European settlement in the area known as Victoria? What was the first European settlement in the area known as Victoria? What was the name of the first European settlement in the area known as Victoria? What was the name of the first European settlement in the area known as Victoria? What was the name of the rebellion against the government of Victoria? What was the result of the armed rebellion against the government of Victoria? What was the name of the rebellion against the government of Victoria? What was the result of the armed rebellion at Ballarat? What did the Imperial Parliament grant Victoria responsible government with the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act 1855? What is the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly? What is the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly? Who is the Premier of Victoria? Who is the current Premier of Victoria? Who is the Premier of Victoria? What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-04? What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-04? What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2004? What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2004? How much of the state's total land surface is Victorian? What are some of the major events that play a big part in tourism in Victoria? What are some of the major events that play a big part in tourism in Victoria? What are some of the major events that are centred on Melbourne? What are some of the major events that are centred on Melbourne? What are some of the major events that are centred on Melbourne? What was the estimated number of Huguenots in 1562? What was the estimated number of Huguenots in 1562? How did the Wars of Religion end? What did the Wars of Religion end with the granting of the Edict of Nantes? What did the Wars of Religion end with the granting of the Edict of Nantes? What is Huguenot? What was Huguenot's nickname? What was Huguenot's nickname? What was Huguenot's nickname? What was Huguenot's nickname? What was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France? When was a French version of the Scriptures prepared? When was a French version of the Scriptures prepared? What was Guyard de Moulin's version of the Scriptures? What was Guyard de Moulin's version of the Scriptures? What was Montpellier among the most important of the 66 villes de sûreté that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots? What was Montpellier among the most important of the 66 "villes de sûreté" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots? What happened to Montpellier before the Edict of Alès? What led to the siege of Paris in 1622? What happened to Montpellier before the Edict of Alès? What was the name of the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope? What was the name of the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope? What was the name of the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope? What was the name of the first organised group of Huguenots to settle in the Cape? What was the name of the first organised group of Huguenots to settle in the Cape? What happened to the Huguenots? What happened to the Huguenots? What did the Huguenots establish in 1628? What does L'Église française à la Nouvelle-Amsterdam stand for? What did the Huguenots establish a congregation in New Amsterdam? What was the name of the first Huguenot church in North America? What did the Huguenots do after the Revocation of Nantes? What was the name of the first Huguenot church in North America? What did the Huguenots do after the Revocation of Nantes? When did many Huguenots settle in Charleston? Who was the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV? Who was the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV? What did William form the League of Augsburg as a coalition to oppose Louis and the French state? Who was the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV? Who was the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV? What caused the Huguenots to be abolished in the 1620s? What caused the Huguenots to be abolished in the 1620s? What caused the Huguenots to be abolished in the 1620s? What happened to the Huguenots in the 1620s? What did the Catholic Church in France oppose the Huguenots? What was the height of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre? What was the height of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre? Why did the Huguenots have their own militia? What was the height of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre? What happened to the Huguenot rebellions? What happened to the Huguenot rebellions between 1621 and 1629? What happened to the Huguenot rebellions? What happened to the Huguenot rebellions? What happened to the Huguenot rebellions between 1621 and 1629? How many Protestants are in modern France? How many Protestants are in modern France? What is the percentage of Protestants in modern France? What is the percentage of Protestants in modern France? What is the percentage of Protestants in modern France? What did Huguenot immigrants form? What did Huguenot immigrants form? What is the oldest street in the United States of America? What is the name of the "Huguenot Street Historic District"? What is the oldest street in the United States of America? When did the Dutch Republic receive the largest group of Huguenot refugees? When did the Dutch Republic receive the largest group of Huguenot refugees? Why did the Dutch Republic receive the largest group of Huguenot refugees? What was the estimated population of the Dutch Republic in 1700? When did the Dutch Republic receive the largest group of Huguenot refugees? What happened to the pretendus réformés in Tours? What was the name of the pretendus réformés? What was the name of the pretendus réformés? What happened to the pretendus réformés in Tours? What was the name of the pretendus réformés? What was the name of the Weavers house? What was the site of a weaving school from the late 16th century to about 1830? What was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the city? What was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the City? What is the name of the Weavers weaving school? What are some of the main towns and cities named after the people who settled in Dublin? What did the Huguenots serve as mayors in the 17th and 18th centuries? What did the Huguenots serve as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford? What are some of the main towns and cities named after the people who settled in Dublin? What was the name of the French church in Portarlington? What caused the Huguenots to occupy important places in society? What did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle in New France? What did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle in New France? What did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle in New France? What did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle in New France? What was the result of the Edict of Nantes? When was the Edict of Nantes issued? The Edict of Nantes reaffirmed Catholicism as the state religion of France? How did the Edict protect Catholic interests? What was the result of the Edict of Nantes? What did the revocation forbade Protestant services and prohibited emigration? What did the revocation forbade Protestant services? How many people emigrated to the North American colonies? What happened to the Huguenots who stayed in France? What caused the revocation of the Huguenots? What did the first Huguenots leave France? What did the first Huguenots leave France? What did the first Huguenots leave France? What was the purpose of the Fort Coligny? What was the name of the first Protestant confession of faith in the Americas? What do many families in South Africa have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry? What does the wine industry in South Africa owe a significant debt to the Huguenots? What do many of the farms in the Western Cape Province have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry? What do many families in South Africa have surnames indicating their French Huguenot ancestry? What was the name of the last active Huguenot congregation in North America? What was the name of the last active Huguenot congregation in North America? What is the last active Huguenot congregation in North America? What is the name of the last active Huguenot congregation in North America? What does the Huguenot Society of America maintain as an historic shrine? What did some Huguenots settle in Bedfordshire? What is the implication that 'Bucks Point' demonstrates a Huguenot influence? What is the only reference to Huguenot lacemakers in Bedfordshire? What is the implication that 'Bucks Point' demonstrates a Huguenot influence? What did the Huguenots create in Berlin? By 1700, what percentage of Berlin's population was French speaking? When did the Huguenots switch to German? What did the Huguenots do to protest the occupation of Prussia? What did the Huguenots do to protest the occupation of Prussia? What happened to the Huguenots? What did the Huguenots remain in large numbers in the south? What happened to the Camisards in the early 18th century? What happened to the Camisards in the early 18th century? What happened to the Camisards in the early 18th century? What was the name of the small colony of Fort Caroline? What was the name of the small colony of Fort Caroline? What was the name of the small colony of Fort Caroline? What happened to the Spanish encampment at Fort Matanzas in 1565? What happened to the Spanish encampment at Fort Matanzas in 1565? What did the Wars of Religion precluded a return voyage? What did the Wars of Religion precluded a return voyage? What did the Spanish do to establish the settlement of St. Augustine? What did the Wars of Religion precluded a return voyage? What happened to the outpost of Charlesfort? What happened to the Huguenots in 1700? What happened to the Huguenots in 1700? How did the French Huguenots migrate from England to the colony of Virginia? What happened to the Huguenots in 1705? What did the Virginia General Assembly pass to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown? What happened to the Huguenots during the first years of the Dutch Revolt? What happened to the Huguenots during the first years of the Dutch Revolt? What did the "Apologies" of William the Silent mean? What did the "Apologies" of William the Silent mean? What was the name of the lord of Villiers? Before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, how many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England? Before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, what was the largest wave of immigration ever of a single ethnic community to Britain? Before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, what was the largest wave of immigration ever of a single ethnic community to Britain? What was the name of the Huguenot theologian and writer who led the exiled community in London? What was the name of the Huguenot theologian and writer who led the exiled community in London? Why did many Huguenots settle in Ireland? Why did many Huguenots settle in Ireland? What were the significant Huguenot settlements in Ireland? What were the major Huguenot settlements in Ireland? What were the major Huguenot settlements in Ireland? Who arranged to establish a Huguenot community in Saarland in 1604? Who arranged to establish a Huguenot community in Saarland in 1604? What did the Condés do to the Huguenot community? What happened to the Huguenot community in the 1890s? Who arranged to establish a Huguenot community in Saarland in 1604? What did the bulk of Huguenot émigrés relocate to? What did the bulk of Huguenot émigrés relocate to? What did the majority of Huguenot émigrés relocate to? What did the majority of Huguenot émigrés relocate to? What did the majority of Huguenot émigrés relocate to? What does the "Hugues hypothesis" argue that the word huguenote was derived by association with Hugues Capet? What does the "Hugues hypothesis" argue that the word huguenote was derived by association with Hugues Capet? What does Janet Gray believe the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos? What does Janet Gray believe the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos? What does the "Hugues hypothesis" argue that the word huguenote must have originated in the French language? What was the name of the predecessors of the Reformed church? What did Lefevre do during the Protestant Reformation? What did Lefevre do during the Protestant Reformation? What did William Farel do? Who converted to Protestantism? When did the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occur? When did the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occur? How many Protestants were slaughtered in Toulouse? What happened to the Huguenots in Paris? By 17 September, how many Protestants were massacred in Paris? What did Louis XIV do to the Huguenots? What did Louis XIV do to the Huguenots? How did Louis XIV force the Huguenots to convert? What did Louis XIV do to the Huguenots? What did Louis XIV do to the Huguenots? What was the name of the great location of the Huguenots in New York? What happened to the Huguenots in New York? What did the Huguenots purchase from John Pell? What was the name of the Huguenots in New York? What was the name of the Huguenot cemetery? What did most of the Huguenot congregations in North America eventually affiliated with with other Protestant denominations? What caused the Huguenots to become assimilation? What did E.I. du Pont establish? How did the Huguenots become assimilation? What did E.I. du Pont establish? Who was Pierre Bayle one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands? What was Pierre Bayle's work? What was Pierre Bayle's work? What was Pierre Bayle's masterpiece? What is one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands? What was the name of the French Protestant Church of London? What was the name of the French Protestant Church of London? What is the name of the French Protestant Church of London? What was the name of the major weaving industry in East London? What was the name of the Brewery founded in 1724? When did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states? When did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states? How many Huguenots established themselves in Germany? How many Huguenots settled in Germany in 1685? What did the Huguenots furnish? Who invited Huguenots to settle in Prussia? What was the name of the last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizière? What was the name of the last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic, Lothar de Maizière? What is the name of the last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic? What is the name of the last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic? What is the Rankine cycle? What is the Rankine cycle? What is the Rankine cycle? What is the Rankine cycle? What is the Rankine cycle? What was the first commercially successful true engine? What was the first commercially successful true engine? What was the first commercially successful true engine? What was the first commercially successful atmospheric engine? What was the first commercially successful atmospheric engine? What was the name of the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built by Richard Trevithick? What was the name of the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built by Richard Trevithick? What was the name of the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built by Richard Trevithick? What was the name of the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built by Richard Trevithick? What was the name of the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built by Richard Trevithick? What does the Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump to recycle or top up the boiler water? What type of pump is used to supply lower-pressure boiler feed water? What type of injector is used to supply boiler feed water? What type of injector is used to supply boiler feed water? What is another way of supplying lower-pressure boiler feed water? What is a logical extension of the compound engine? What is a logical extension of the compound engine? What was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing'system' used on some marine triple expansion engines? What was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing'system' used on some marine triple expansion engines? What did the Y-S-T engines make popular with large passenger liners? What was the main slide valve used for? What has been considered satisfactory for most purposes and makes possible the use of simpler Stephenson, Joy and Walschaerts motions? What has been considered satisfactory for most purposes? What may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox? What happens to lead fusible plugs in the boiler's firebox? What happens to lead fusible plugs in the boiler's firebox? What are the operators of the boiler's firebox warnings? What does the steam escape have little effect on dampening the fire? What was the name of the steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion? What was the name of the steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion? When did James Watt pa ten ted a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion? By 1883, what was a key component of the Industrial Revolution? What was a key component of the Industrial Revolution? What was the first recorded rudimentary steam engine? What was the first recorded rudimentary steam engine? What was the first recorded rudimentary steam engine? What was the name of the aeolipile used by inventors to demonstrate the properties of steam? What was the name of the first rudimentary steam engine? When did compound engines come into widespread use? What were the expansion engines called? What were the expansion engines called? What was the main source of power until the early 20th century? What were the expansion engines called? What was the final major evolution of the steam engine design? What was the final major evolution of the steam engine design? What are steam turbines more efficient than reciprocating piston type steam engines? How is most electric power produced by steam turbines in the United States? What were the advantages of steam turbines? What can be derived from combustible materials with an appropriate supply of air in a closed space? What can be derived from combustible materials with an appropriate supply of air in a closed space? What are some of the sources of heat that can be derived from? What type of heat source can be an electric heating element? What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines? What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines? What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines? What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines? What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines? How are the pistons connected to the cranks? What happens when the double expansion group is duplicated? How are the pistons connected to the cranks? What does the steam do in reciprocating piston engines? What is the complete engine cycle? What is the complete engine cycle? What is the complete engine cycle? What is the complete engine cycle? What is the Quasiturbine? What is the aim of the uniflow? What is the aim of the uniflow? What is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine that does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder? What is an oscillating cylinder steam engine that does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder? What type of engines are used in toys and models? What type of engines are used in toys and models? What type of fluid is used in a Rankine cycle? What type of fluid is used in a Rankine cycle? What is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine? What type of fluid is used in a Rankine cycle? How is a Rankine cycle usually limited by the working fluid? How is the efficiency of a Rankine cycle limited by the working fluid? How is the efficiency of a Rankine cycle limited by the working fluid? What is the theoretical Carnot efficiency of a coal-fired power station? How is the efficiency of a Rankine cycle limited by the working fluid? What was the name of the steam engine that led to an increase in land available for cultivation? What was the name of the steam engine that led to an increase in land available for cultivation? What was the name of the steam engine that led to an increase in the land available for cultivation? What was the name of the steam engines that were the moving force behind the Industrial Revolution? What was the result of the use of steam engines in agriculture? What did Trevithick do with a trio of locomotives? What was the name of the locomotive used by the edge railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway? What was the name of the locomotive used by the edge railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway? What was the name of the locomotive that Trevithick used in 1808? What was the name of the first public steam railway in the world? What was Arthur Woolf's method to lessen the magnitude of heating and cooling? What was Arthur Woolf's method to lessen the magnitude of heating and cooling? How can a high-pressure steam increase the efficiency of the engine? What can be done by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders? What is the main use for steam turbines? What does the high speed of turbine rotation match with in electricity production? What has supplanted steam propulsion for marine applications? What is the main use for steam turbines? What is the main use for steam turbines? What is the Rankine cycle? What is the Rankine cycle? What is the Rankine cycle used in? What is the Rankine cycle used in? What is the Rankine cycle named after? What was the first measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency? What was the difference between Watt's low-pressure designs and the average Newcomen design? What is the duty of a steam engine? What is the name of the number of foot-pounds of work delivered by burning one bushel of coal? What was the first measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency? What was the main source of power in the 20th century? What was the main source of power in the 20th century? What was the main source of power in the 20th century? What was the main source of power in the 20th century? What was the name of the first commercial steam-powered device? What was the name of the first commercial steam-powered device? What was the name of the first commercial steam-powered device? What was the aim of the Savery engine? What was the aim of the Savery engine? When did Richard Trevithick get his high-pressure engine patent? When did Richard Trevithick get his high-pressure engine patent? When did Richard Trevithick and Oliver Evans introduce engines using high-pressure steam? What did Trevithick get his high-pressure engine patent in 1802? What did Trevithick get his high-pressure engine patent in 1802? What has Energiprojekt AB made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam? What has Energiprojekt AB made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam? What is the efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine? What is the efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine? What is the efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine? Where do steam turbines use surface condensers as a cold sink? What type of cooling tower is similar to an automobile radiator? What type of cooling tower is similar to an automobile radiator? What type of cooling towers use the rejected heat to evaporate water? What type of cooling towers need less water flow than "once-through" cooling by river or lake water? What did James Watt adopt for use on a steam engine in 1788? What did James Watt adopt for use on a steam engine in 1788? Where was the centrifugal governor used? Why did James Watt adopt the centrifugal governor? Why was the centrifugal governor adopted? Why was compounding not universally popular in railway locomotives? Why was compounding not universally popular in railway locomotives? Why was compounding not universally popular in railway locomotives? Why was compounding not universally popular in railway locomotives? Why was compounding not universally popular in railway locomotives? What does a reversing mechanism provide for saving steam? What does a reversing mechanism provide for saving steam? What happens if the exhaust event is too brief? What do the simplest valve gears give events of fixed length during the engine cycle? What was the name of the first patent for a steam engine? What was the name of the first patent for a steam engine? What was the name of the first patent for a steam engine? What was the first patent for a steam engine? What was the first commercial true steam engine using a piston? What does a steam turbine consist of? What are the rotors mounted on? What does a steam turbine consist of? What does a steam turbine consist of? What is the typical speed of a steam turbine? What makes the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant lower than for internal combustion engines? What makes the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant lower than for internal combustion engines? Why is steam largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors? What is the name of the Advanced Steam movement? What is the name of the Advanced Steam movement? What is possible to use a mechanism based on a pistonless rotary engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear of a conventional reciprocating steam engine? What is possible to use a mechanism based on a pistonless rotary engine in place of the cylinders and valve gear of a conventional reciprocating steam engine? What is the major problem with a pistonless rotary engine? How did James Watt develop an improved version of Newcomen's engine? How did James Watt develop an improved version of Newcomen's engine? What did Boulton and Watt's early engines use half as much coal as John Smeaton's? How did James Watt develop an improved version of Newcomen's engine? How were Newcomen's and Watt's engines "atmospheric"? What is the purpose of a simple lever to restrain a plug valve in the top of a boiler? What do safety valves traditionally use a simple lever to restrain? What is a more recent type of safety valve that uses an adjustable spring-loaded valve? What is a more recent type of safety valve that uses an adjustable spring-loaded valve? What happens when a driver fastens the valve down to allow greater steam pressure and more power from the engine? What was the Corliss steam engine patented in 1849? What was the Corliss steam engine patented in 1849? What did the Rumford committee say about the Corliss steam engine? What was the Corliss steam engine patented in 1849? What happened to the Corliss steam engine? What did the steam engine contribute to the development of thermodynamic theory? What did Watt's experiments lead to the development of the separate condenser? What did Watt's experiments lead to the development of the separate condenser? Who discovered latent heat? Who discovered latent heat? What is one of the principal advantages of the Rankine cycle? What is one of the principal advantages of the Rankine cycle? What is one of the principal advantages of the Rankine cycle? What is one of the advantages of the Rankine cycle? What type of component is often present in a firebox? What are some of the components that are often present in a firebox? What type of component is often present in a firebox? What can be used to move fuel from a supply bin to the firebox? What can be used to move the fuel from a supply bin to the firebox? What was the reason for the popularity of land-based steam engines? What was the first major warship to replace the reciprocating engine with the then-novel steam turbine? What was the first major warship to replace the reciprocating engine with the then-novel steam turbine? What was the first major warship to replace the reciprocating engine with the then-novel steam turbine? What was the first major warship to replace the reciprocating engine with the then-novel steam turbine? What do nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator? What do nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator? What do nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator? How do nuclear power plants generate electricity? What did some non-condensing direct-drive locomotives meet with some success for long haul freight operations in Sweden? Why is the TS diagram referred to as a practical Carnot cycle? What is the main difference between heat addition and rejection in the theoretical Carnot cycle? What is the main difference between heat addition and rejection in the theoretical Carnot cycle? What is the main difference between heat addition and rejection in the theoretical Carnot cycle? What is the main difference between the Rankine cycle and the Carnot cycle? What is the name of the chemical element that is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table? What is the third most abundant element in the universe? What is the third most abundant element in the universe? What is the most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust? What is dioxygen? What is dioxygen? What is the name of the chemical element that is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table? What is the name of the chemical element that is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table? What is the global downward trend? What is the third most abundant element in the universe? What is the name of the chemical element that is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table? What is Oxygen a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table? What is Oxygen a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table? What is oxygen the third -most abundant element in the universe? What is the name of the dioxygen element that binds to form dioxygen? What is oxygen used in cellular respiration and released by photosynthesis? What is oxygen used in cellular respiration? What is ozone? What are the major inorganic compounds in living organisms? What is the major component of lifeforms? What is oxygen used in cellular respiration and released by photosynthesis? What is the major component of lifeforms? What is ozone? When did John Mayow prove that air is necessary for combustion? What did John Mayow show that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus? What did John Mayow show that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus? What did John Mayow show that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus? When did John Mayow prove that air is necessary for combustion? What did John Mayow show that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus? When did John Mayow prove that air is necessary for combustion? What did John Mayow believe is necessary for combustion? What did John Mayow show that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus? What did Priestley do in 1774? What did Priestley do in 1774? What did Priestley do in 1774? What did Priestley do in 1774? What did Priestley do in 1774? What did Priestley do in 1774? What did Priestley publish in 1775? Why is Priestley given priority in the discovery of mercuric oxide? What did Priestley say about mercuric oxide? What did Philo incorrectly surmize that parts of the air in the vessel were converted into a classical element fire? What was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air? What was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air? What did Philo incorrectly do in his work Pneumatica? What was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air? What did Philo incorrectly do in his work Pneumatica? What did Philo do in his work Pneumatica? What did Philo incorrectly surmize that parts of the air in the vessel were converted into a classical element fire? What was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air? What happens when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity? What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion? What is the reason for a high oxidative potential of oxygen? What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion? What happens when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity? What happens when concentrated oxidant s and fuels are brought into close proximity? What are fire and explosion hazards that occur when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity? What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion? What is the reason for a high oxidative potential of oxygen? What happens to the fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test? What does O 2 allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically? What happens to the fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test? What does O 2 allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically? What does O 2 allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically? What does O 2 allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically? What does O 2 allow combustion to proceed rapidly and energetically? What happens to the fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test? What is the name of the oxide that is present in the atmosphere in trace quantities? How is carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere? What is the rest of the Earth's mantle composed of? How is carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere? What is the name of the oxide that is present in the atmosphere in trace quantities? What is the rest of the Earth's mantle composed of? What is the rest of the Earth's mantle composed of? What is the rest of the Earth's crust made of oxygen compounds? What was Dalton's original atomic hypothesis? What was Dalton's original atomic hypothesis? What did Dalton believe water's formula was HO? What did Dalton believe water's formula was HO? What did Dalton believe water's formula was HO? What was thought to be made mostly of phlogiston? What did Air do not play a role in phlogiston theory? Why did air not play a role in phlogiston theory? What was one of the first clues that the phlogiston theory was incorrect? Why did air not play a role in phlogiston theory? What is a covalent double bond that results from the filling of molecular orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms? How are the two oxygen atoms chemically bonded to each other? What is the double bond? How are the two oxygen atoms chemically bonded to each other? What is a covalent double bond that results from the filling of molecular orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms? What did Antoine Lavoisier write about oxygen? What did Antoine Lavoisier write about oxygen? Why is Priestley given priority? What did Antoine Lavoisier say oxygen helped discredit the phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion? What did Antoine Lavoisier say oxygen helped discredit the phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion? What is a configuration called a spin triplet state? What is a configuration called a spin triplet state? What is a configuration called a spin triplet state? Why does triplet oxygen react slowly with most organic molecules? What is a configuration called a spin triplet state? What did Lavoisier observe in one experiment? What did Lavoisier observe in one experiment? What did Lavoisier observe in one experiment? What did Lavoisier say was the same as the weight of the air that rushed back in? What did Lavoisier do to prove that air is a mixture of two gases? What is ozone a reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue? What is ozone a reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue? What is ozone a reactive allotrope of oxygen that is damaging to lung tissue? What is ozone produced in the upper atmosphere when O 2 combines with atomic oxygen? What is ozone produced in the upper atmosphere when O 2 combines with atomic oxygen? What is the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth called O 2? What is the name of the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth? What is the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth called O 2? Why is O2 used in cellular respiration? Why is O2 used in cellular respiration? What was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen? What was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen? What was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen? How was oxyacetylene welding demonstrated for the first time? What is nitrogen more soluble in water than nitrogen? What is the atmospheric ratio of water in equilibrium with air? What is the temperature-dependent solubility of oxygen in water? What is the temperature-dependent solubility of oxygen in water? What is the atmospheric ratio of water in equilibrium with air? What is the third most abundant chemical element in the universe? What is the third most abundant chemical element in the universe? What percentage of the Sun's mass is oxygen? What is the most abundant chemical element in the universe? What is the most abundant chemical element in the universe? By the late 19th century scientists realized that air could be liquefied and its components isolated by compressing and cooling it? By the late 19th century scientists realized that air could be liquefied and its components isolated by compressing and cooling it? What did Raoul Pierre Pictet do to liquefy carbon dioxide? What was Cailletet's method of liquefying molecular oxygen? What did Raoul Pierre Pictet do to liquefy carbon dioxide? What have geologists been unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios in the Sun? What has been shown that the Sun has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than the Earth? What has been shown that the Sun has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than the Earth? What has been shown to be a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than the Earth? What have geologists been unable to obtain reference values for the isotope ratios in the Sun? What is a name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O 2 in which all electron spins are paired? Why is singlet oxygen more reactive than molecular oxygen? In nature, what is singlet oxygen commonly formed from water during photosynthesis? How is singlet oxygen formed from water during photosynthesis? What does singlet oxygen play a major role in absorbing energy from singlet oxygen? What do Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms? What do Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms? What happens to seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope, oxygen-16, at a faster rate than water molecules containing the heavier oxygen-18? What do Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms? What happens to seawater molecules that contain the lighter isotope and oxygen-16? What is the name of the two spectrophotometric absorption bands that are peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm? What has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle from satellites on a global scale? What do some remote sensing scientists propose using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies to characterize plant health status? On what scale has it been proposed to monitor the carbon cycle from satellites? What have some remote sensing scientists proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform? In what form do O 2 molecules impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field? What is the reason O 2 molecules are paramagnetic? Why are O 2 molecules paramagnetic? Why are O 2 molecules paramagnetic? What is the reason O 2 molecules are paramagnetic? What are the dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms? What are the dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms? What is a important role in the hypersensitive response of plants against pathogen attack? What is the role of reactive oxygen species in the hypersensitive response of plants against pathogen attack? What is the role of reactive oxygen species in the hypersensitive response of plants against pathogen attack? What happens at 90.20 K? What are liquid and solid O 2 clear substances with a light sky-blue color? What is the most common way to obtain high-purity liquid O 2? What happens to high-purity liquid O 2? What is liquid nitrogen? What happens in the world's water bodies? What is an important factor in a polar ocean's solubility of O 2 at lower temperatures? What is an important factor in a polar ocean's solubility of O 2 at lower temperatures? What is one of the reasons for the increased solubility of O 2 in eutrophic water bodies? What is one way scientists assess water quality by measuring the amount of O 2 needed to restore it to a normal concentration? When did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities in the Paleoproterozoic eon? When did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities in the Paleoproterozoic eon? What was the first time free oxygen appeared in the Paleoproterozoic eon? When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans? When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans? What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle? What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle? What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle? What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle? What is the result of the oxygen cycle? What is the other major method of producing O 2 gas? What is the other major method of producing O 2 gas? What is the other major method of producing O 2 gas? What is pressure swing adsorption? What is the other major method of producing O 2 gas? What can be produced by electrolysis of water into molecular oxygen and hydrogen? What can be produced by electrolysis of water into molecular oxygen and hydrogen? What is the explosive ratio of hydrogen and hydrogen in each limb? What is a similar method to the electrocatalytic O 2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids? What is a similar method to the electrocatalytic O 2 evolution from oxides and oxoacids? What type of euphoric has a history of recreational use in oxygen bars and in sports? What type of euphoric has a history of recreational use in oxygen bars and in sports? What is doubtful about a placebo effect? What is doubtful about a placebo effect? What is a more likely explanation for a placebo effect? What type of medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O 2 around the patient? What is the purpose of hyperbaric medicine? What does increasing O 2 concentration in the lungs help kill? What happens in divers who decompress too quickly after a dive? What is the secondary effect of oxygen supplementation in medicine? What is the secondary effect of oxygen supplementation in medicine? What is the main purpose of respiration? What is the primary purpose of oxygen supplementation in medicine? What is the secondary effect of oxygen supplementation in medicine? Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides? Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides? What is the name of the mineral FeO? Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides? What happens to the surface of most metals? What do people who fly in non-pressurized airplanes have an emergency supply of O 2 automatically supplied to them in case of cabin depressurization? What happens when a cabin depressurizes? What is the result of the exothermic reaction? What is the result of the exothermic reaction? What type of storage methods are used to store oxygen? Why is oxygen often transported in bulk in specially insulated tankers? What is one reason that oxygen is often transported in bulk as a liquid in specially insulated tankers? What is a form that is useful in some portable medical applications and oxy-fuel welding and cutting? What are bulk liquid oxygen storage containers used to refill? What is one of the most important organic compounds that contain oxygen? What is one of the most important classes of organic compounds that contain oxygen? What are some of the most important organic compounds that contain oxygen? What is one of the most important organic compounds that contain oxygen? What is one of the most important classes of organic compounds that contain oxygen? How is the element found in most biomolecules that are important to life? What is the largest proportion of oxygen in a complex biomolecule? What is the largest proportion of oxygen in carbohydrates? What is the largest proportion of oxygen in carbohydrates? What is the largest proportion of oxygen in carbohydrates? What can occur in deep scuba diving and surface supplied diving? What can cause convulsions? What can acute oxygen toxicity occur by breathing an air mixture with 21% O 2 at 66 m or more of depth? What can occur by breathing an air mixture with 21% O 2 at 66 m or more of depth? What can occur by breathing an air mixture with 21% O 2 at 66 m or more of depth? What causes no damage due to the low total pressures used in spacesuits? What happens to the O 2 partial pressure in spacesuits? What happens to the O 2 partial pressure in spacesuits? What causes no damage due to the low total pressures used in spacesuits? What happens to the O 2 partial pressure in spacesuits? What can be toxic at elevated partial pressures? What can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems? What can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems? What is a problem for patients on mechanical ventilators? What is a problem for patients on mechanical ventilators? What happened to the oil embargo in 1973? When did the oil embargo begin? What was the name of the oil crisis that caused the oil crisis? What was the name of the oil crisis that caused the oil crisis? What happened to the oil embargo in 1973? What did European nations and Japan seek to disassociate themselves from the Middle East to avoid being targeted by the boycott? What did the Nixon Administration begin multilateral negotiations with the combatants? How did Kissinger negotiate an Israeli troop withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula? What did Kissinger say was enough to convince Arab oil producers to lift the embargo? When did the US pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord? What did the US abandon the Gold Exchange Standard? What was the reason for the depreciation of the dollar and other industrialized nations' currencies? Why did the US pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord? Why did the US withdraw from the Bretton Woods Accord? What did OPEC slow to readjust prices to reflect the depreciation of oil? When did OPEC slow to readjust prices to reflect the depreciation of oil? What did OPEC ministers have to do to their real incomes? How did the dollar price of oil rise from 1947 to 1967? When did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel? What was Iran's rank at the time of the Arab-Israeli conflict? What did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel on Yom Kippur? What was Iran's rank at the time of the Arab-Israeli conflict? Why did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel? What did OPEC raise on October 16, 1973? What did OPEC raise on October 16, 1973? How did OPEC raise the posted price of oil in 1973? What did Nixon request Congress to give to Israel? What did OPEC raise on October 16, 1973? What did Saudi Arabia spend over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam? What did Saudi Arabia spend over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam? Why did Saudi Arabia spend over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades? What did Saudi Arabia do to help spread Islam? What did Saudi Arabia spend over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam? What was Kissinger's dominance? What did scholars argue about the possibility of the Middle East becoming a superpower confrontation with the USSR? What did scholars argue about the possibility that the Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with the USSR? What was Kissinger's dominance? How did the embargo affect the US economy? How did the embargo affect the US economy? Why did the embargo leave oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies? Why did the embargo leave oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies? What did the embargo leave oil companies searching for? What happened to the embargo? What happened to the embargo? What happened to the embargo? What happened to the embargo? What did Harold Wilson's government call for Israel to withdraw to its pre-1967 borders? What did Heath ask the British to heat only one room in their houses over the winter? What did Heath ask the British to heat only one room in their houses over the winter? What did Heath ask the British to heat only one room in their houses over the winter? What did Heath ask the British to heat only one room in their houses over the winter? What did the UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway ban flying, driving and boating on Sundays? What was the effect of price controls on oil prices in the US? Why did price controls exacerbate the crisis in the US? What was the effect of price controls on oil prices in the US? What was the purpose of the rule? What did Nixon name William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office? What did Nixon name William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office? What did Nixon name William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office? What did the American Automobile Association report that 20% of American gasoline stations had no fuel? What was the purpose of the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act? What was the purpose of the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act? What did the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act do? What did the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act do? What did the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act do? What did the energy crisis lead to? What is criticism that American energy policies have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking? What is criticism that American energy policies have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking? What did declassified documents reveal the U.S. was distraught by the rise in oil prices and being challenged by under-developed countries? What did declassified documents reveal the U.S. considered military action to forcibly seize Middle Eastern oilfields in 1973? What was the reason for the US's decision to seize Middle Eastern oilfields? What was the reason for the US's decision to seize Middle Eastern oilfields? What was Japan's most dependent on Arab oil in 1970? How much of Japan's imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970? What happened to Japan in 1973? What happened to Japan in 1973? What was Japan considered an Arab-friendly state by December 25, 1973? Why did Saudi Arabia and Iran become dependent on American security assurances? Why did Saudi Arabia and Iran become dependent on American security assurances? Why did Saudi Arabia and Iran become dependent on American security assurances? What was the reason for the failure of the Shah to maintain control of Iran? What happened to Saudi Arabia in 1979? What was the cause of the Japanese imports? What were the Japanese imports that were more fuel efficient than the American V8 and six cylinder engines? What were the Japanese imports that were more fuel efficient than the American V8 and six cylinder engines? What was the name of the Japanese imports that were more fuel efficient than the American V8 and six cylinder engines? What did the Toyota Corona Mark II and Datsun 810 introduce? What did the Toyota Corona Mark II and Datsun 810 introduce? What was the name of the first Japanese compact? What did the Toyota Corona Mark II and Datsun 810 introduce? What was the name of the compact truck that Mitsubishi rebranded its Forte as the Dodge D-50? What did Mitsubishi rebrand its Forte as? What did Mazda and Isuzu have joint partnerships with Ford, Chrysler, and GM? What did Mazda, Mitsubishi and Isuzu have joint partnerships with? What caused General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales? What did General Motors, Ford and Chrysler introduce to domestic sales? What was the average American vehicle moved by 1985? What did sales of large sedans recover within two model years of the 1973 crisis? What were the only full-size models that did not recover? What happened to the full-size American cars by 1979? What did Chrysler end production of their full-size luxury sedans in 1979? What was a prelude to the DOT "downsize" revision of vehicle categories? What did OPEC lose in 1981? What happened to the world price during the 1979 energy crisis? What did Saudi Arabia try to do in the 1979 energy crisis? What happened to the world price during the 1979 energy crisis? What was the name of the third human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration? What was the third human spaceflight program? What was the first manned flight of Apollo? When was the Apollo program first conceived? What was the first manned flight of Apollo? How did the Gemini program run from 1961 to 1972? How did the Gemini program run from 1961 to 1972? What did the Gemini program use as launch vehicles? What did the Gemini program use as launch vehicles? How did the Apollo program achieve its goal of manned lunar landing? How did the Apollo program achieve its goal of manned lunar landing? How many landings did the Apollo program cancel? How many landings did the Apollo program achieve? How many landings did the Apollo program achieve? What was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body? What was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body? How many pounds of lunar rocks did Apollo return to Earth? What did the Apollo 17 program do? Why was the Apollo program conceived? Why was the Apollo program conceived? What was the name of the Apollo program? What was the possible mission of the Apollo program? What was the name of the Apollo program conceived during the Eisenhower administration? When did Hugh L. Dryden announce the Apollo program? What was the purpose of the Apollo program? What did Hugh L. Dryden announce the Apollo program to industry representatives? When did Hugh L. Dryden announce the Apollo program? When was Kennedy elected president? When was Kennedy elected president? What did Kennedy do when he became president? What did Kennedy do when he was elected president? What was Kennedy's campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union in the fields of space exploration and missile defense? What happened to Yuri Gagarin on April 12, 1961? What happened to Yuri Gagarin on April 12, 1961? What did many congressmen pledge their support for a crash program aimed at ensuring that America would catch up? Why did Kennedy refuse to make a commitment on America's response to the Soviets? What did Kennedy ask Johnson to look into the status of America's space program and into programs that could offer NASA the opportunity to catch up? What did Kennedy ask Johnson to look into the status of America's space program and into programs that could offer NASA the opportunity to catch up? What was Kennedy's memo that asked Johnson to look into the status of America's space program and into programs that could offer NASA the opportunity to catch up? What was Kennedy's memo that asked Johnson to look into the status of America's space program and into programs that could offer NASA the opportunity to catch up? What was the name of the Space Task Group that was directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center? How did Gilruth grow his organization into the Manned Spacecraft Center? What was the name of the new NASA center that Gilruth was given authority to grow into? What was the name of the new NASA center that Gilruth was given authority to grow into? What was the reason for the conversion of the Manned Spacecraft Center? What was the name of the launch complexes that were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets? What was the name of the LOC's first Director? What was the name of the LOC's first Director? When did the construction of the LOC begin? What was the purpose of the LOC? What did the LOC include? What was the purpose of the LOC? What did the LOC include? What did Webb do in order to keep Apollo costs under control? What did Webb do to replace Holmes? What did Webb do to replace Holmes? Who did Webb hire for a high management job? Why did Mueller recruit General Samuel C. Phillips? Why did Mueller recruit General Samuel C. Phillips? Why did Mueller recruit General Samuel C. Phillips? What did Mueller agree to loan Phillips to NASA? What did Mueller agree to loan Phillips to NASA? What did many engineers feared that a rendezvous would be difficult in lunar orbit? When was direct ascent generally the mission mode in favor of NASA? What did Houbolt want to do with LOR? What was the turning point of NASA's mission mode decision? What was the turning point of NASA's mission mode decision? What was the name of the committee that recommended a hybrid EOR-LOR mode? What was the name of the committee that recommended a hybrid EOR-LOR mode? What was the name of the committee that recommended a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program? What did Jerome Wiesner say was far from smooth sailing? What did Jerome Wiesner say was far from smooth sailing? What did Jerome Wiesner say was far from smooth sailing? What did Jerome Wiesner say was far from smooth sailing? What did Wiesner make public during a visit to Marshall Space Flight Center? What did Wiesner make public during the visit to Marshall Space Flight Center? How did Webb respond to Kennedy's squabble? What did Wiesner do in 1962? What was the advantage of the LOR method? What happened on Apollo 13 when an oxygen tank explosion left the command ship without electrical power? What happened on Apollo 13 when an oxygen tank explosion left the command ship without electrical power? What theory was discussed before and after the LOR method was chosen? What was Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design? What did Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design do? What did Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design do? What was the conical crew cabin designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit? What was the conical crew cabin designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit? The Command Module was designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing? What was the purpose of the Command Module? What was the size of the Command Module? What was the name of the service module that supported the Command Module? What was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights? Why was the Service Module discarded? What was the initial lunar flight version of the Service Module? What was the purpose of the S-band antenna? What did North American Aviation win the contract to build the CSM? Why did North American Aviation win the contract to build the CSM? What did a 1964 program definition study conclude that the initial design should be continued as Block I? What did North American Aviation win the contract to build the CSM? What was the purpose of the Lunar Module? What was the purpose of the Lunar Module? What was the initial LM model? What was the initial LM model? When did Wernher von Braun start working on plans for large launch vehicles? When did von Braun become Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center? What did the MSFC do to the Saturn rockets? What was the first flight with a live S-IV launched from LC-37? What was the first flight with a live S-IV launched from LC-37? What were the first four Saturn I test flights launched from LC-34? What were the first four Saturn I test flights launched from LC-34? What was the third stage of the Saturn V? What was the third stage of the Saturn V? What was the third stage of the Saturn V? What was the third stage of the Saturn V? What was the purpose of the three-stage Saturn V? What was the purpose of the three-stage Saturn V? What was the purpose of the three -stage Saturn V? What was the first stage of the S-IC? What were the Apollo astronauts chosen from? What were the Apollo astronauts chosen from? Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space? Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space? Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space? What was the Distinguished Service Medal? What was the Distinguished Service Medal? What were the Distinguished Service Medals awarded to the crews of Apollo 8? Why were the Distinguished Service Medals awarded to the crews of Apollo 8? What were the Distinguished Service Medals awarded to the crews of Apollo 8? How many block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966? What was the altitude of the first AS-201? What happened to the second AS-202 on August 25? What did AS-202 validate? What did a crew fly after an unmanned LM test flight? What did the astronauts begin wearing after an unmanned LM test flight? What was the new Apollo spacesuit designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity? What was the new Apollo spacesuit designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity? What were the Block II crew positions? Who selected the first Apollo crew in 1966? Who selected the first Apollo crew in 1966? Who selected the first Apollo crew in 1966? Who selected the first Apollo crew in 1966? Who was the prime crew for AS-205? Why was the AS-205 mission canceled? What was the purpose of the AS-205 mission? What was the purpose of the AS-205 mission? What did McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart get promoted to the prime AS-258 crew? What happened to the problems with North American in 1965? What happened to the problems with North American in 1965? What happened to Grumman's problems with the Lunar Module? What happened to the problems with North American in 1965? What did Grissom, White, and Chaffee call their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight? What did Grissom, White, and Chaffee name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight? What did Grissom, White, and Chaffee do for their flight Apollo 1? What did Grissom, White, and Chaffee name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight? What happened to the plugs-out test on January 27, 1967? What happened to the plugs-out test on January 27, 1967? What happened to the electrical fire in the cabin? What happened to the astronauts before the hatch was opened? What happened to the electrical fire in the cabin? What was the purpose of the accident review board? What did the review board conclude that deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control? What did North American remove Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager? What was the purpose of the accident review board? What were the most important changes in the Block II spacecraft and operational procedures? What did the Block II design do? What did the Block II design call for replacing the Block I plug-type hatch cover with a quick-release, outward opening door? Why did NASA discontinue the Block I program? What did NASA discontinue using the Block I spacecraft only for unmanned Saturn V flights? When did Mueller approve a sequence of mission types? When did Mueller approve a sequence of mission types that had to be successful ly accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing? What did Mueller approve in 1967? What caused the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V? What was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V? What was the purpose of the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V? Why did NASA cancel a third unmanned test? What was the name of the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit? What was the name of the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit? What was the name of the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit? What happened to the LM engines? What happened to the ascent engine in abort mode? What was Apollo 8 planned to be? What did the Soviet Union believe they might repeat the feat with human cosmonauts? What did the ASPO's decision to send Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon be announced? What did the ASPO Manager George Low suggest to send Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon instead of the E mission? What did the Soviet Union believe they could repeat the feat with human cosmonauts? What was the G mission achieved on Apollo 11 in 1969? What was the G mission achieved on Apollo 11 in 1969? What was the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility? What was the G mission achieved on Apollo 11 in 1969? When did the Apollo 11 astronauts return to Earth? What did Conrad and Bean do in 1969? What did Conrad and Bean do in 1969? What happened to the first EVAs? What happened to the first lunar surface color television camera? What were the final missions that would allow the CMP to operate a package of lunar orbital sensors and cameras? What was the purpose of the Block II spacesuit? What was the purpose of the contract of 15 Saturn Vs? What was the purpose of the contract of 15 Saturn Vs? What was the purpose of the contract of 15 Saturn Vs? What happened to the liquid oxygen tank two days out? What allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander? What was the cause of the first two landings? What happened to the liquid oxygen tank two days out? What did Apollo 13 launch in 1970? When was the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground? Why did NASA cancel missions 18 and 19? What did NASA cancel in 1971? When did NASA cancel missions 18 and 19? What are the rocks collected from the Moon as measured by radiometric dating techniques? How old are the rocks collected from the Moon? What is KREEP? What is the Genesis Rock? Why are some rocks pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters? What do most of the rocks show evidence of impact process effects? What are some of the samples returned from the Moon highly brecciated as a result of being subjected to multiple impact events? What was the estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars? What was the estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars? What was the estimated cost of Apollo from 1959 to 1973? What was the purpose of the Apollo Extension Series? What was the purpose of the AAP? What was the most ambitious plan for using an empty S-IVB as an interplanetary spacecraft for a Venus fly-by mission? What was the name of the S-IVB orbital workshop? What was the name of the S-IVB orbital workshop? What was the oldest operational Apollo-Saturn component? What was the name of the S-IVB orbital workshop? What happened to the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater? What happened to the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater? What happened to the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater? What happened to the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon? What happened to the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon? What did Apollo 8's crew see on Christmas Eve? What did the Apollo 8 crew do on Christmas Eve? How was the Moon landing data recorded? What did the Apollo TV camera record in a format incompatible with broadcast TV? What caused NASA to remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes from the National Archives and Records Administration to be recorded over with newer satellite data? What caused NASA to remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes from the National Archives and Records Administration to be recorded over with newer satellite data? What was the purpose of a special Apollo TV camera? What was the budget of Apollo 11? What was the purpose of the Apollo 11 video? What did Lowry Digital do to remove random noise and camera shake? What was the budget of Apollo 11? What was the purpose of the restored Apollo 11 video? What are the main sources of European Union law? What is the main source of European Union law? What are the main sources of primary law? What are the primary sources of European Union law? What are the primary sources of European Union law? What is the main source of European Union law? What is the main source of European Union law? What are the three sources of European Union law? What are the primary sources of European Union law? What are the three sources of European Union law? What are the main sources of primary law? What are the primary sources of European Union law? What are the three sources of European Union law? How is European Union law applied? How is European Union law applied? How can European Union law be enforced by the courts of member states? What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? How is European Union law applied? How can European Union law be enforced by the courts of member states? What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? How is European Union law applied? How is European Union law applied? What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? What are the primary constitutional sources of the European Union? What does the European Commission have the initiative to propose legislation? What does the European Commission have the initiative to propose legislation? What is the European Court of Justice? What is the European Council composed of? What is the primary law of the EU? What does the TEU specifically exclude certain regions from the jurisdiction of European Union law? What does the Court of Justice of the European Union cannot interpret the Treaties? What is the primary law of the EU? What does the TEU specifically exclude certain regions from the jurisdiction of European Union law? What is the primary law of the EU? What does the TEU allow the European Council to make specific provisions for regions? What does the TEU specifically exclude certain regions from the jurisdiction of European Union law? Who can interpret the Treaties but cannot rule on their validity? What were the main Treaties that form the European Union? What were the main Treaties that form the European Union? What was the name of the treaty signed by Greenland in 1985? What was the name of the treaty signed by Greenland in 1985? What was the name of the treaty signed by Greenland in 1985? What were the main Treaties that form the European Union? What were the main Treaties that form the European Union? What were minor amendments made during the 1960s and 1970s? What was the name of the treaty signed by Greenland in 1985? What was the name of the treaty signed by Greenland in 1985? What happened to the Lisbon Treaty after the Nice Treaty? What did the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never come into force? Why was the Lisbon Treaty enacted? Why was the Lisbon Treaty enacted? Why was the Lisbon Treaty enacted? What did the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never come into force? What did the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never come into force? What did the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never come into force? When was the Lisbon Treaty enacted? What does Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union state the Commission should "promote the general interest of the Union"? What does Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union state that Commissioners should be "completely independent" and not "take instructions from any Government"? What is the main executive body of the European Union? What is the main executive body of the European Union? What is the main executive body of the European Union? What does Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union state that Commissioners should be "completely independent" and not "take instructions from any Government"? What is the main executive body of the European Union? How are decisions taken by the European Commission? What is the main executive body of the European Union? What does Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union state that Commissioners should be "completely independent" and not "take instructions from any Government"? How have Commissioners been found to have abused their offices? What resulted in the resignation of the Santer Commission? What led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office? What does the European Central Bank have relative executive autonomy in its conduct of monetary policy for the purpose of managing the euro? What does the European Anti-fraud Office do? How have Commissioners been found to have abused their offices? What resulted in the resignation of the Santer Commission? What led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office? What led to the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office? What happened to the Maltese Commissioner for Health in 2012? How do the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process? What does the Treaty on European Union say is deficient? What is TFEU article 227? What does the Treaty on European Union say is the principle of equality of its citizens? What does the Treaty on European Union say is the principle of equality of its citizens? How do the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process? How do the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process? What has caused the Parliament to have more rights in the legislative process? What is TFEU article 227? What does the TFEU article 227 mean? What is the second main legislative body? What does the TEU article 15 define as providing the 'necessary impetus for its development'? What does the TEU article 15 define as providing the 'necessary impetus for its development'? What does the TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define? What does the TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define? What is the second main legislative body? What does the TEU article 15 define as providing the 'necessary impetus for its development'? What does the TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define? What does the TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define? What does TFEU article 294 define? What does TFEU article 294 define? What does TFEU article 294 define? What does TFEU article 294 state that the EU can only act within its power set out in the Treaties? What does TFEU article 294 define? What does TFEU article 294 define? What does TFEU article 294 define? What does TFEU article 294 state that the EU can only act within its power set out in the Treaties? What does TFEU article 294 define? What has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role in the development of EU law? What is the main judicial body of the European Union? What is the main judicial body of the European Union? What is the TEU article 19(3) to be the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law? What is the duty of the CJEU? What has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role in the development of EU law? What is the main judicial body of the European Union? What is the main judicial body of the European Union? What is the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law? What is the duty of the CJEU? What is the Court of Justice's view that if EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy? What did the Italian Constitutional Court say was a violation of the Treaty of Rome? What did Simmenthal SpA claim was contrary to the Treaty of Rome? What has caused the European Court of Justice to develop principles to resolve conflicts of laws between different systems? What is the Court of Justice's view that if EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy? What is the Court of Justice's view that if EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy? What does the Court of Justice not accept on foundational constitutional questions affecting democracy and human rights? What is the basic principle in the United Kingdom? What did the UK Supreme Court hold about the EU's duty to override German law? What does the German Constitutional Court say the EU's legitimacy rests on the ultimate authority of member states, its factual commitment to human rights, and the democratic will of the people? What is the view of the German Constitutional Court from the Solange I and Solange II decisions? What does administrative law bind EU institutions and member states to follow the law? What did the Treaties allow citizens or corporations to bring claims against EU and member states for breach of the Treaties? What are the rules that limit the extent to which member state courts are bound to administer EU law? What does administrative law bind EU institutions and member states to follow the law? What did Van Gend en Loos claim the Treaties were directly effective? What did Van Gend en Loos claim that TFEU article 30 prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs? What did Van Gend en Loos claim that TFEU article 30 prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs? What does TFEU article 288 mean? What does TFEU article 288 say Directives are addressed to the member states? What does TFEU article 288 say Directives are addressed to the member states? What does TFEU article 288 say Directives are addressed to the member states? What did the Advocate Generals argue that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens? What did the Court of Justice rule that a Directive could be invoked between private non-state parties before its deadline for implementation? How can a citizen or company invoke a Directive? What did Kücükdeveci claim was unlawful age discrimination under the Employment Equality Framework Directive? What did the Court of Justice hold that Mrs Foster was entitled to bring a sex discrimination claim against her? What did the Court of Justice hold that Mrs Foster was entitled to bring a sex discrimination claim against her? What does the Court of Justice call domestic law "indirect effect"? What did the Court of Justice hold about the duty of interpretation of domestic law in Marleasing SA v La Comercial SA? What happened to Francovich v Italy? Who was allowed to claim 6 million Lira from the Italian government in damages for his loss? What are the principles of European Union law? What are the principles of European Union law? What principle of proportionality is recognised by the European Court of Justice since the 1950s? What principle of proportionality is recognised in Article 5 of the EC Treaty? What is the general principle of proportionality? What is the concept of legal certainty recognised by the European Court of Justice since the 1960s? What is the concept of legal certainty recognised by the European Court of Justice? What is a general principle of European Union law? What is a central element of the general principle of legal certainty in European Union law? What is the European Court of Justice bound to draw inspiration from? Why is the European Court of Justice bound to draw inspiration from the constitutional traditions common to the member states? What was not envisaged for European Union measures to be subject to human rights? What was the only concern that member states should be prevented from violating human rights? What was the only concern that member states should be prevented from violating human rights? What did the European Court of Justice do to ensure that European Union measures are compatible with the human rights enshrined in member states' constitution? What did the European Council set up in 1999? What did the Lisbon Treaty provide in Article 6(1) that the Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union? What did the Lisbon Treaty provide in Article 6(1) that the Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union? What has the Charter of Fundamental Rights become an integral part of European Union law? What does the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union codify? What is the name of the chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law? What is the name of the chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law? The Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law? What was the Social Charter adopted at the Strasbourg European Council? What did the Social Charter become the basis for European Community legislation? What did the UK refuse to sign the Social Charter? What did the UK refuse to sign the Social Charter? What did the UK do to the Social Charter? What did the UK do to the Social Charter? When did the UK subscribe to the Agreement on Social Policy? When did the UK subscribe to the Agreement on Social Policy? What did the UK adopt after the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam? What did the UK adopt after the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam? What did the UK adopt after the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam? What did the ECSC agreement aim to prevent Germany from re-establishing dominance in the production of coal and steel? What did the ECSC agreement aim to prevent Germany from re-establishing dominance in the production of coal and steel? What did Article 65 of the agreement ban cartels and article 66 make provisions for concentrations, or mergers, and the abuse of a dominant position by companies? What did Article 65 of the agreement ban cartels and article 66 make provisions for concentrations, or mergers, and the abuse of a dominant position by companies? What was the first time competition law principles were included in a plurilateral regional agreement? What does the Treaty of Lisbon prohibit? What does Article 102 prohibit? What is the general test of the European Council's right to deliver public services? What does Article 102 prohibit? What did the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union introduce? When was the concept of a social market economy introduced into EU law? What does the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union say is meant to reduce consumer prices? What was originally theorized that a free trade area had a tendency to give way to a customs union? What has the Court of Justice taken the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being? What is the principle of non-discrimination? What did the Court of Justice rule about Scotch whisky imports? What does the "wide test" mean? What happened to the French farmers sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries and Belgian tomato imports? What did the Court of Justice say was a violation of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union? What did the Court of Justice find that a German law requiring all spirits and liqueurs to have a minimum alcohol content was contrary to TFEU article 34? What did the Court of Justice say was contrary to TFEU article 34? What did the Court of Justice say was contrary to TFEU article 34? What did the Court of Justice say was contrary to TFEU article 34? What did the Court of Justice say was contrary to TFEU article 34? What did Keck and Mithouard claim their prosecution under a French competition law was unlawful? What was the aim of the law? What did the Court of Justice review in Konsumentombudsmannen v De Agostini? What does the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive mean? What did the Treaties seek to enable people to pursue their life goals in any country through free movement? What did the European Community initially focus on? What was the focus of the European Community in the 1970s? What did the European Community do in the 1970s? What did the Court of Justice hold that Mr Steymann was entitled to stay? What is one of the main provisions of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation? What did the Court of Justice consider the transfer rules an obstacle to free movement? What did the Court of Justice accept that the transfer rules could be justified as part of the public policy of promoting the Irish language? What did Weigel v Finanzlandesdirektion für Vorarlberg say was disproportionate? What did Weigel v Finanzlandesdirektion für Vorarlberg say was disproportionate? What has increased the number of social services that people can access wherever they move? What has increased the number of social services that people can access wherever they move? What did the Court of Justice say Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students? What has the Court of Justice required for higher education to be more access? What does the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protect? What does the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protect? What does TFEU article 49 say is unjustified? What does the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protect? What did the Court of Justice hold that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar was not a restriction? What caused the Commission to look into legislation against toxic waste? What did Dimas say toxic waste should never have left the European Union? What did the Court of Justice rule that the Commission could not propose criminal sanctions? What did Frattini propose to create criminal sentences for? What does TFEU article 56 apply to people who give services for remuneration? What did a Dutch lawyer do in the case of Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van de Bedrijfvereniging voor de Metaalnijverheid? What did the Court of Justice believe the Netherlands' regulation of narcotic drugs fell outside of Article 56? What did Mrs Geraets-Smits claim she should be reimbursed by Dutch social insurance for costs of receiving treatment in Germany? What did the Court of Justice hold about a company moving its seat of business without infringing TFEU article 49? What did the Court of Justice find that a UK limited company in Denmark could not be required to comply with the minimum share capital rules? What did the Court of Justice find that a UK limited company in Denmark could not be required to comply with the minimum share capital rules? What did the Court of Justice say was an "outright negation" of the right of establishment? What did the Court of Justice rule that a German court could not deny a Dutch building company the right to enforce a contract in Germany? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world? What is the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the region that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the name of the rainforest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America? What is the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world? What happened to the tropical rainforest during the extinction of the dinosaurs? What has allowed the tropical rainforest to expand into the tropics? What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? What happened to the rainforest during the Oligocene? What happened to the rainforest during the Oligocene? What happened to the tropical rainforest during the extinction of the dinosaurs? When did the rainforest extend as far south as 45°? What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? During the Oligocene, what has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? What happened to the rainforest during the Oligocene? When did the tropical rainforest spread out across the continent? When did the rainforest extend as far south as 45°? What happened to the rainforest during the Oligocene? What happened to the rainforest during the Oligocene? What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? When was the Solimes Basin created? What was the name of the Solimes Basin? What was the name of the Solimes Basin? When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split along the middle of the continent? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? When was the Solimes Basin created? When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split along the middle of the continent? When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split along the middle of the continent? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? What happened to the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene? When was the Solimes Basin created? What is the evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years? What is the reason for the increase in rainfall in the Amazon basin? Why is there a debate over the reduction of rainforest vegetation in the Amazon basin? What has been difficult to resolve? What has been difficult to resolve? What is the evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years? What is evidence of significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years? What is the reason for the increase in rainfall in the Amazon basin? What is the reason for the increase in rainfall in the Amazon basin? What is the evidence that there have been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years? What is the reason for the increase in rainfall in the Amazon basin? What is the reason for the increase in rainfall in the Amazon basin? Why is there a debate over the reduction of rainforest vegetation in the Amazon basin? What has been difficult to resolve because of the limitations of working in the rainforest? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? Who measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What has NASA's CALIPSO satellite measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? What was Betty Meggers' book? What was Betty Meggers' book? Why was it thought that the Amazon rainforest was only ever sparsely populated? What did Meggers claim that the Amazon rainforest was actually densely populated? What did Betty Meggers believe the Amazon region was densely populated? Why was it thought that the Amazon rainforest was only ever sparsely populated? What was Betty Meggers' book? What was Betty Meggers' book? What was Betty Meggers' book? What was Betty Meggers' book? What was Betty Meggers' book? What was Betty Meggers' book? What did Betty Meggers believe the Amazon region was densely populated? What was the population of the Amazon region in AD 1500? Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River in 1542? What does the BBC's Unnatural Histories show that Orellana was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River? What did the BBC's Unnatural Histories show about Orellana? What did Ondemar Dias believe that the Amazon was devastated by the spread of diseases from the 1540s? What did Ondemar Dias believe was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River? Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River in 1542? What was the name of the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River in 1542? What did Ondemar Dias believe was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River? What is the name of the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River? What did the BBC's Unnatural Histories present evidence that the Amazon rainforest has been shaped by man for at least 11,000 years? What is black earth now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management? What is black earth now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management? What is Terra preta now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management? What was the name of the settlements found in the middle of the Amazon forest? What was the name of the settlements that were found in the middle of the Amazon forest? What is now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management? What is Terra preta now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management? What was the name of the settlements found in the middle of the Amazon forest? What was the name of the settlements found in the middle of the Amazon forest? What was the name of the settlements that were found in the middle of the Amazon forest? How many insect species are in Brazil? How many invertebrate species live in Brazil? How many plant species have been scientifically classified in the region? How many invertebrate species live in Brazil? How many invertebrate species have been described in Brazil? How many insect species are in Brazil? How many insect species are in Brazil? How many plant species have been scientifically classified in the region? How many plant species have been scientifically classified in the region? How many invertebrate species live in Brazil? What is the highest biodiversity of plant species on Earth? What is the highest biodiversity of plant species on Earth? What is the average plant biomass of Amazon rainforest? What is the average plant biomass of Amazon rainforest? What is the average plant biomass of Amazon rainforest? What is the highest biodiversity of plant species on Earth? What is the highest biodiversity of plant species on Earth? What is the average plant biomass of Amazon rainforest? What is the average plant biomass of Amazon rainforest? What is the average plant biomass of Amazon rainforest? What are the largest predatory creatures in the rainforest? What are the largest predatory creatures in the rainforest? What are the largest predatory creatures in the rainforest? What are piranha known to bite and injure humans? What is one of the biggest predatory creatures in the rainforest? What is the main source of deforestation in the Amazon? What is the main source of deforestation in the Amazon? What were the main sources of deforestation in the Amazon? Why were farmers unable to manage their fields and crops? What is the main source of deforestation in the Amazon? What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000? What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000? What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000? What is Brazil's second-largest global producer of soybeans? How much of the forest in the Amazon is used for livestock pasture? What has been used to justify transportation projects in the Amazon? What was the result of the first two highways that opened up the rainforest? What was the mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005? What is the mean annual deforestation rate in the Brazilian Amazon? What was the mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005? What are environmentalists concerned about? What are environmentalists concerned about? What are environmentalists concerned about? What does Amazonian evergreen forests account for about 10% of the world's terrestrial primary productivity and 10% of the carbon stores in ecosystems? What does Amazonian evergreen forests account for about 10% of the world's terrestrial primary productivity and 10% of the carbon stores in ecosystems? What is a computer model that shows that the Amazon rainforest could become unsustainable under conditions of reduced rainfall and increased temperatures? What is a computer model that shows that the Amazon rainforest could become unsustainable under conditions of reduced rainfall and increased temperatures? What is a computer model that shows that the Amazon rainforest could become unsustainable under conditions of reduced rainfall and increased temperatures? What is the result of simulations of Amazon basin climate change? What is the result of simulations of Amazon basin climate change? Why do indigenous peoples struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories? What has increased attention to the relationship between non-human primates and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American peoples? Why do indigenous peoples struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories? Why do indigenous peoples struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories? What has increased attention to the relationship between non-human primates and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American peoples? What is being used by the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests? What is used to protect tribal lands from commercial interests? What is used to protect tribal lands from commercial interests? What is used to protect tribal lands from commercial interests? What is being used by the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests? What is crucial for the classification of tree growth stages within different parts of the forest? What is crucial for the classification of tree growth stages within different parts of the forest? What did Tatiana Kuplich organize the trees of the Amazon into? What are the four categories of trees in the Amazon? What did Tatiana Kuplich use to accurately place the different portions of the Amazon into one of the four classifications? What happened to the Amazon basin in 2005? What do scientists argue is pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point" where it would irreversibly start to die? What do scientists argue is pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point" where it would irreversibly start to die? What do scientists argue is pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point"? What happened to the Woods Hole Research Center in 2006? What happened to the Amazon rainforest in 2010? How much rainforest was affected by the 2005 drought? What did the 2010 drought have in the southwestern part of the Amazon rainforest? What happened to the Amazon rainforest in 2010? How much carbon dioxide does the Amazon absorb in a typical year? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What is a phylum of animals that swim by means of cilia? What is the most distinctive feature of ctenophora? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What is the name of a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia? What is the name of a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? What is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide? How can ctenophores eat ten times their own weight in a day? How many species of ctenophores can eat in a day? How many species of ctenophores can eat in a day? How many species of ctenophores can eat in a day? What are cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with colloblasts? How can ctenophores eat ten times their own weight in a day? What are cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with colloblasts? What do ctenophores have a wide range of body forms? How can ctenophores eat ten times their own weight in a day? What are cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with colloblasts? What do ctenophores have a wide range of body forms? What are cydippids with egg-shaped bodies and a pair of retractable tentacles fringed with colloblasts? How many species of ctenophores can eat in a day? What are hermaphrodites? What is a hermaphrodite? What are juveniles capable of reproducing before reaching the adult form? What are hermaphrodites? What are hermaphrodites? What are sequential hermaphrodites? What are hermaphrodites? What does hermaphrodites do? What are hermaphrodites? What are hermaphrodites? What are sequential hermaphrodites? What are hermaphrodites? What are the exceptions of hermaphrodites? What happened to the Mnemiopsis ctenophore? What is the cause of a ctenophore being introduced into the Black Sea? What caused the ctenophore to collapse in the Black Sea? What caused the Mnemiopsis population to collapse? What is the cause of a ctenophore being introduced into the Black Sea? What happened to the Mnemiopsis ctenophore? How are ctenophores found in bays? How are ctenophores found in bays? How are ctenophores found in bays? What is the cause of a ctenophore being introduced into the Black Sea? What happened to the Mnemiopsis ctenophore? What caused the ctenophore to be introduced into the Black Sea? What did the molecular phylogenetics analysis conclude that the common ancestor of all modern ctenophores was cydippid-like? What is the theory that ctenophores are not monophyletic? What have fossils been found in lagerstätten as far back as the early Cambrian? What have fossils been found in lagerstätten as far back as the early Cambrian? What have fossils been found in lagerstätten as far back as the early Cambrian? What did the molecular phylogenetics analysis conclude that the common ancestor of all modern ctenophores was cydippid-like? What is the theory that ctenophores are not monophyletic? What have fossils been found in lagerstätten as far back as the early Cambrian? What type of phylum is more complex than sponges? What are ctenophores and cnidarians distinguished from other animals by having colloblasts? What type of phylum is more complex than sponges? What type of phylum is more complex than sponges? What are ctenophores and cnidarians distinguished from other animals by having colloblasts? What type of phylum is more complex than sponges? What are ctenophores and cnidarians distinguished from other animals by having colloblasts? What are ctenophores and cnidarians distinguished from other animals by having colloblasts? What do ctenophores and cnidarians have? What type of phylum is more complex than sponges? How are ctenophores and cnidarians labelled as diploblastic? What are ctenophores and cnidarians traditionally labelled diploblastic? How are ctenophores and cnidarians labelled as diploblastic? How are ctenophores and cnidarians labelled as diploblastic? What are ctenophores the largest non-colonial animals that use cilia as their main method of locomotion? What are ctenophores the largest non-colonial animals that use cilia as their main method of locomotion? What are ctenophores the largest non-colonial animals that use cilia as their main method of locomotion? What is the main method of locomotion for ctenophores? What are the three coastal genera of ctenophores? Why are ctenophores difficult to capture for study? What do some oceanic species need to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles? What are the three coastal genera of ctenophores? What is the inner surface of the cavity lined with an epithelium? What is the nearer side of the canal? What does the internal cavity form? What does the internal cavity form? What are the internal canals that branch through the mesoglea to the most active parts of the animal? What is the name of the comb rows that are used for swimming? What are the comb rows that are used for swimming? What is the name of the comb rows that are used for swimming? How do ctenophores swim in the direction in which the mouth is pointing? What are the comb rows that are used for swimming? What do some species rely on osmotic pressure to adapt to water of different densities? What does the ciliary rosettes pump into the mesoglea to avoid sinking? What happens to ciliary rosettes if they move from brackish to full-strength seawater? What happens to ciliary rosettes if they move from brackish to full-strength seawater? What is the largest sensory feature of the aboral organ? What is the largest sensory feature of the aboral organ? What is the main component of a statocyst? What is the largest sensory feature of the aboral organ? What is the largest sensory feature of the aboral organ? What type of bodies do cydippid ctenophores have? What type of body does Pleurobrachia have? What type of body does Pleurobrachia have? What type of body does Pleurobrachia have? What type of body does Pleurobrachia have? What are the tentacles of cydippid ctenophores typically fringed with? What are the tentacles of cydippid ctenophores covered with? What do Euplokamis' tentilla have? What are the three types of movement used in capturing prey? What are the three types of movement used in capturing prey? How many rows of combs are spaced evenly round the body? How many rows of combs are spaced evenly round the body? How many rows of combs are spaced evenly round the body? How are the "combs" beat in a metachronal rhythm? What are the Lobata's inconspicuous tentacles? What are the lobes that are muscular, cuplike extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth? What are the lobes that are muscular, cuplike extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth? What are the lobes that are muscular, cuplike extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth? What does the combination of structures enable lobates to feed continuously on suspended planktonic prey? What can lobates escape from danger by clapping their lobes? What can lobates escape from danger by clapping their lobes? How do lobate combs grow larger than cydippids? What is the difference between comb rows and cydippids? What is the name of the pharynx of the Beroida? What is the name of the pharynx of the Beroida? What do the Beroida's pharynx bear at the oral end? What do the Beroida's pharynx bear at the oral end? What do the Beroida bear at the oral end? What are the Cestida? What is the largest ctenophores? What are the Cestida? What are the Cestida? What is the largest ctenophores? What do most Platyctenids have? What do Platyctenids do? What do Platyctenids lack comb-rows? What are Platyctenids usually cryptically colored? What are the gonads located in the internal canal network under the comb rows? What is one of the reasons for self-fertilization in the genus Mnemiopsis? What is thought to be the most self-fertile species in the genus Mnemiopsis? What are the gonads located in the internal canal network under the comb rows? What happens to fertilization in most species of the genus Mnemiopsis? In the genus Beroe the juveniles lack tentacles and tentacle sheaths? How do juveniles develop the body forms of their parents? What happens to juveniles in the genus Beroe? How do juveniles develop the body forms of their parents? In the genus Beroe the juveniles lack tentacles and tentacle sheaths? What happens when some species produce secretions that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies? What happens when some species produce secretions that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies? What happens when some species produce secretions that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies? What does the secretions of ctenophores' bioluminescence do? What are ctenophores? What type of prey do ctenophores have? What type of prey do ctenophores have? What type of prey does the cydippid genus Pleurobrachia and the lobate Bolinopsis have? What does the cydippid genus Pleurobrachia and the lobate Bolinopsis do? Why were ctenophores regarded as "dead ends" in marine food chains? What did the study of chum salmon show that ctenophores can provide a good diet if there were enough of them around? What was the reason for the poor diet of ctenophores? What is underlined by an observation of herbivorous fishes deliberately feeding on ctenophores? What do ctenophores and jellyfish temporarily wipe out? What has caused sharp drops in fish catches by eating fish larvae and small crustaceans? What has caused sharp drops in fish catches by eating fish larvae and small crustaceans? What caused the Mnemiopsis population to increase faster than normal? What has caused sharp drops in fish catches by eating fish larvae and small crustaceans? What caused the Mnemiopsis population to increase faster than normal? Why are ctenophores found in lagerstätten? What did the Ediacaran Eoandromeda represent? How many comb rows were found in the Burgess Shale? How many putative species were found in the Burgess Shale? What were the three putative species found in the Burgess Shale? What is the name of the fossil Stromatoveris from China's Chengjiang lagerstätte? What is the name of the fossil that is similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period? What is the name of the fossil that is similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period? What is the name of the fossil Stromatoveris from China's Chengjiang lagerstätte? What was the name of the fossil that was similar to Vendobionta? What have studies compared complete sequenced genomes of ctenophores with other sequenced animal genomes supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to all other animals? What does the position of ctenophores support as the sister lineage to all other animals? What did Richard Harbison believe the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores was cydippid-like? What did Richard Harbison say the cydippids are not monophyletic? What did Richard Harbison believe was the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores? What did Richard Harbison say the cydippids are not monophyletic? What is the county seat of Fresno County? What is the name of Fresno? What is the name of Fresno? What does Fresno mean? What is the county seat of Fresno County? When did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's? How did Millerton residents move to Fresno? When did Fresno become an incorporated city? What did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931? What did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's? What was the population of Fresno in 1940? When did Fresno have many ethnic neighborhoods? What was the name of the Pinedale Assembly Center? What was the name of the Pinedale Assembly Center? What was the name of the Pinedale Assembly Center? What was the name of the new product that BankAmericard launched in 1958? What was the name of the new product that BankAmericard launched in 1958? What did BankAmericard do in 1958? What was the name of BankAmericard? What was the name of BankAmericard? What was the name of the song "Walking Into Fresno" written by Bill Aken? What was the name of the song "Walking Into Fresno" written by Bill Aken? What was the name of the song "Walking Into Fresno"? What was Aken's first TV appearance on The Fresno Barn? What was the name of the song "Walking Into Fresno"? What is the name of the large public parks in Fresno? What is the largest park in the Fresno region? What is the largest reenactment of the Civil War in the west coast of the US? What is the name of the park in North Fresno? What is the largest reenactment of the Civil War in the west coast of the US? When did Downtown Fresno flourish? What was the name of the original Fresno County Courthouse? What was the name of the original Fresno County Courthouse? What was the name of the original Fresno County Courthouse? What was Fresno's main financial and commercial district before being converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls? What is the name of the Fulton Mall? What is the name of the Fulton Mall? What is the current plan for the reopening of the Fulton Mall? What is the current plan for the reopening of the Fulton Mall? What is the name of the neighborhood that is on Fresno's southeast side? What are the major thoroughfares of Sunnyside? Why is Sunnyside a "county island" in Fresno County? What is the name of the neighborhood that is on Fresno's southeast side? What is the name of the neighborhood that has recently experienced a surge in new home construction? What is the popular neighborhood known as the Tower District centered around? What is the name of the Tower District? What is the name of the tower district? Why was the Tower District developed? What is the name of the Tower District neighborhood? What happened to the Tower Theatre in the late 1970s? What was the name of Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players? What did Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players open in 1978? What did Audra McDonald perform at the Tower Theatre? What did Audra McDonald perform at the Tower Theatre? What is the name of the neighborhood in Fresno? What is the name of the neighborhood in Fresno? What has the Tower District become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses? What has the Tower District become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses? What has the Tower District become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses? What is the name of the area that is known for its early twentieth century homes? What is the name of the area that is known for its early twentieth century homes? What is the difference between the residential architecture of the Tower District and the newer areas of tract homes? What is the area known for? What is the name of the section of Huntington Boulevard in the heart of the historic Alta Vista Tract? What was the original development of the Alta Vista Tract? What happened to the Alta Vista Tract in 1914? How many homes were acquired by the Fresno Traction Company? What happened to the development of the Alta Vista Tract? What is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Fresno? What is the oldest neighborhood in Fresno? What is the neighborhood considered to be the center of Fresno's African-American community? What is the name of the neighborhood that is considered to be the center of Fresno's African-American community? What is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Fresno? What is the name of the neighborhood that includes Kearney Boulevard? What is Kearney Boulevard? What was the name of the stretch of Kearney Boulevard between Fresno Street and Thorne Ave? What was the name of the section of Kearney Boulevard? What did the Fresno City Council do to revitalize the neighborhood? What does the Fresno Housing Authority do? What does the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport do? What is the name of the new section 8 apartments built along Church Ave west of Elm St? What is the West Side of the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport? What is the name of the neighborhood that is not a true "inner-city" neighborhood? Where was Woodward Park founded? How many acres does Woodward Park have? What is the name of the park that has a multi-use amphitheatre? What does the Lewis S. Eaton Trail cover? What is Woodward Park? What was the name of the first aviation community to be built? What did William Smilie create? What was the name of the first aviation community to be built? What was the name of the first aviation community to be built? What was the name of the first aviation community to be built? What are the coldest months in Fresno? What is the warmest month in Fresno? What is the average annual precipitation in Fresno? What is the name of the region that has a semi-arid climate? What is the name of the region that has a semi-arid climate? What is the official record high temperature for Fresno? What is the official record high temperature for Fresno? What is the official record high temperature for Fresno? What is the official record high temperature for Fresno? What is the official record high temperature for Fresno? What was the population of Fresno in 2010? What was the racial makeup of Fresno? What was the racial makeup of Fresno? What percentage of Fresno's population is Hispanic? What was the population of Fresno in 2010? How many households had children under the age of 18 living in them? How many households had children under the age of 18 living in them? What was the average household size? What was the average household size? What was the average household size of 111,529 families? What was the population density of the city in 2000? What was the average density of the city in 2000? What was the racial makeup of the city? What was the racial makeup of the city? What was the population density of the city in 2000? Why did the Federal Communications Commission decide that Fresno would only have UHF television stations? What was the name of the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting? What did the Federal Communications Commission decide that Fresno would only have UHF television stations? What is the name of the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting? What was the name of the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting? What is the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley? What is the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley? What is the name of the highway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley? What is the name of the freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley? What is the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway? Why was Fresno the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway? Why was Fresno the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway? Why is Fresno the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway? What is the main passenger rail station in Downtown Fresno? What is the main passenger rail station in Downtown Fresno? What is the main passenger rail station in Downtown Fresno? What does the San Joaquin Valley Railroad operate? What is the main passenger rail station in Downtown Fresno? What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? What did Donald Davies do in the 1960s? What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? What did Donald Davies do in the 1960s? What is circuit switching? What is circuit switching? What is circuit switching? What is circuit switching? What is circuit switching? What is circuit switching? What is circuit switching? What type of communication can be implemented with or without intermediate forwarding nodes? What are packets typically forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering? What is one reason for packets being forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously? What type of communication can be implemented with or without intermediate forwarding nodes? What are packets typically forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously using first-in, first-out buffering? What is one reason for packets being forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously? What did Baran develop during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force? What did Baran develop during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force? What was the focus of the report P-2626? What was the focus of the report P-2626? What was the purpose of the report P-2626? What was the focus of the report P-2626? What did Baran develop during his research at the RAND Corporation for the US Air Force? What was the focus of the report P-2626? When did Donald Davies develop the same message routing methodology as Baran? What did Donald Davies call packet switching a more accessible name than Baran's? What did Donald Davies call packet switching a more accessible name than Baran's? What was the name of the proposal that Davies proposed to build a nationwide network in the UK? When did Donald Davies develop the same message routing methodology as Baran? What did Donald Davies call packet switching a more accessible name than Baran's? What was the name of the proposal that Davies proposed to build a nationwide network in the UK? When are packets routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery? How are packets routed in connectionless mode? In connectionless mode, each packet is labeled with a destination address, source address, and port numbers? At the destination, the original message/data is reassembled in the correct order, based on the packet sequence number? What does a packet header need to contain? What can be negotiated with a packet header? How are packets negotiated between endpoints? What type of transmission requires a setup phase in each involved node before a packet is transferred to establish the parameters of communication? What does X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations? X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations at the network layer of the OSI Model? X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations at the network layer of the OSI Model? X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations at the network layer of the OSI Model? What two networks became operational in 1969? What were the fundamental differences between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core? What is the User Datagram Protocol? What is an example of a datagram protocol? What was the primary protocol used by Apple devices in the 1980s and 90s? What was the primary protocol used by Apple devices in the 1980s and 90s? What was AppleTalk's plug-n-play system? What was AppleTalk a plug-n-play system? What was the purpose of the CYCLADES packet switching network? What was the purpose of the CYCLADES packet switching network? What was the purpose of the CYCLADES packet switching network? What did the CYCLADES packet switching network do? What is DECnet? What is DECnet? What did DECnet become in the 1980s? What did Digital Equipment Corporation design the DECnet protocols? What was the purpose of a data network connecting GE's four computer sales and service centers? What did Warner Sinback do to facilitate a computer time-sharing service? What did Warner Sinback do in 1965? What was Sinback's decision to connect GE's computer sales and service centers? What was the name of the organization that explored computer networking between Michigan's public universities? When was the packet-switched network first demonstrated? What was Merit Network's role in the NSFNET project? What was the name of the first public data network in the US? What was the name of the first public data network in the US? What was the name of the first public data network in the US? What was the name of the first public data network in the United States? What was the name of the first public data network in the US? What did Tymnet use to connect host computers? What did Tymnet use to connect host computers? What did Tymnet use to connect host computers? What did Tymnet use to connect host computers? How were private networks connected to the public network? What were DATAPAC and TRANSPAC initially implemented with? What was DATAPAC developed by Bell Northern Research? What was the purpose of the X.25 networks? What was AUSTPAC's first public packet-switched data network? What was AUSTPAC's first public packet-switched data network? What is the name of AUSTPAC's network? What was the name of the public switched data network operated by the Dutch PTT Telecom? What was the name of the public PAD service Telepad? What was the name of the public PAD service Telepad? What caused the confusion about Datanet 1? What was the purpose of the CSNET network? What was the purpose of the CSNET network? What was the purpose of CSNET? What is the name of the Internet2 consortium? What did the Internet2 community build in 1998? What did the Internet2 community build in 1998? What is the name of the Internet2 Network? What is the name of the Internet2 Network? What was the name of the National Science Foundation Network? What was the name of the National Science Foundation Network? What was NSFNET originally created to link researchers to the nation's supercomputing centers? What was the name of the project that provided high-speed interconnection between NSF-sponsored supercomputing centers and select access points in the US? What was the purpose of the vBNS? What was the purpose of the Very high-speed Backbone Network Service? What was the purpose of the vBNS? What did the vBNS install in 1998? What happened to the Black Death in 1343? What happened to the Black Death in 1343? What happened to the Black Death? Why did the Black Death recur in Europe until the 19th century? When did the Black Death occur in Europe? What is enzootic in populations of fleas carried by ground rodents? What are Nestorian graves thought to mark the outbreak of the plague? What are Nestorian graves thought to mark the outbreak of the plague? What happened to the plague epidemic in the 1330s? What was the cause of the plague? What happened to the Plague in 1347? What was the result of the siege of Kaffa? What was the result of the siege of Kaffa? What did the Genoese traders take the plague by ship into Sicily and the south of Europe? What did the Genoese traders take the plague by ship into Sicily and the south of Europe? When did the plague spread to Germany and Scandinavia? What happened to the plague in 1351? What happened to the plague in 1351? How did the plague spread from Italy to Europe? What happened to the plague in 1351? What happened to the plague in the Middle East in 1347? When did the plague reach Alexandria? When did the plague reach Alexandria? What happened to Antioch in 1348-49? What did Gasquet say the Latin name atra mors appeared in modern times in 1631? What did Gasquet say the Latin name atra mors appeared in modern times in 1631? What did Gasquet claim that the Latin name atra mors appeared in modern times in 1631? What did Gasquet claim the Latin name atra mors was first used in the 14th century? What did Gasquet claim the Latin name atra mors? What was the most authoritative account at the time of the Middle Ages? What was the most authoritative account at the time of the Middle Ages? What was the most widely accepted theory of the Miasma theory? What is the Miasma theory? What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death? What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death? What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death? What was the name of the pathogen that caused the 19th century plague? What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death? What did Francis Aidan Gasquet suggest about the 'Great Pestilence'? What did Francis Aidan Gasquet say about the 'Great Pestilence'? What did Francis Aidan Gasquet suggest about the Great Pestilence? What did Francis Aidan Gasquet suggest about the Great Pestilence? What did Francis Aidan Gasquet suggest about the Great Pestilence? What is the mortality rate of bubonic plague? What is the mortality rate of bubonic plague? What is the mortality rate of bubonic plague? What is the mortality rate of bubonic plague? What is the mortality rate of the bubonic plague? What did PLoS Pathogens publish in 2010? What did PLoS Pathogens publish in October 2010? What did PLoS Pathogens do to investigate the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death? What did PLoS Pathogens do to investigate the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death? What did PLoS Pathogens say about Yersinia pestis? What were the clades of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves? What were the clades of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves? What were the clades of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves? What were the clades of the Y. pestis genome found to be ancestral to? What were the clades of the Y. pestis genome found to be ancestral to? What did Schuenemann et al. conclude in 2011 that the Black Death was caused by a variant of Y. pestis that may no longer exist? What did Schuenemann et al. conclude in 2011 that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis? What did Schuenemann et al. conclude in 2011 that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis? What did Schuenemann et al. conclude in 2011 that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis? What was the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory? What was the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory? What was the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory? What was the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory? What was the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory? Why are researchers hampered by the lack of reliable statistics? Why are researchers hampered by the lack of reliable statistics? Why are researchers hampered by the lack of reliable statistics? What are estimates of plague victims usually extrapolated from? Why are researchers hampered by the lack of reliable statistics? What do sceptics of the bubonic plague theory argue about the Black Death? What do sceptics of the bubonic plague theory argue that the symptoms of the Black Death are not unique? What does bubonic plague theory argue that the Black Death is not unique? What does bubonic plague theory argue that the Black Death is not unique? What does bubonic plague theory argue that the Black Death is not unique? What did Norman Cantor believe the Y. pestis was a combination of anthrax and other pandemics? What did Twigg believe was a form of anthrax? What are some scholars arguing for the Y. pestis as the major agent of the pandemic? What have scholars argued for the Y. pestis as the major agent of the pandemic? What has been argued that the Y. pestis was a form of infectious disease? What is the most widely accepted estimate for the Middle East? How many people died in the Black Death? What is the most widely accepted estimate for the Middle East? In 1348, it was not uncommon for as much of the population to die? What was the most widely accepted estimate for the Middle East? What happened to the plague during the 14th to 17th centuries? What happened to the plague in Europe between 1346 and 1671? What happened to the plague in 1628-31? What did historians propose in the absence of census figures? By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided but never really died out in England? What was the death rate of the Black Death in 1471? What did the most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun? In 1466, how many people died of the plague in Paris? How many people died of the plague in Paris in 1466? How many people died in the plague in Paris in 1466? What was the last plague outbreak that ravaged Oslo in 1654? How many people died of the plague in Paris in 1466? When did the plague kill about half of Naples' 300,000 inhabitants? How many people died in the plague in 1656? How did the plague of 1649 reduce the population of Seville? What happened to the population of Seville in 1649? What was Europe's last major epidemic in 1720? How many cities were ravaged by the Black Death? What happened to North Africa in the 19th century? What was the major event in Ottoman society between 1701 and 1750? What happened to Baghdad's population between 1751 and 1800? What happens when a rock crystallizes from melt? What happens when a rock crystallizes from melt? What happens when a rock crystallizes from melt? What are the three major types of rock? What happens when a rock crystallizes from melt? What is the asthenosphere? What is the asthenosphere? What was the most important discovery of the Earth's lithosphere? What is an intimate coupling between the movement of the plates on the surface and the convecting mantle? What is the asthenosphere? What could be explained as plate boundaries? What were the convergent boundaries of volcanoes and earthquakes explained as? What resulted in powerful earthquakes? What was Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift? What is the power of plate tectonics? How can seismic waves be used to image the interior of the Earth? What did seismic advances lead to the development of a layered model of the Earth? What did seismic advances lead to the development of a layered model of the Earth? What have seismologists been able to create detailed images of wave speeds inside the earth in the same way a doctor images a body in a CT scan? What did seismic advances lead to the development of a layered model of the Earth? What does the second scale compress the most recent eon with an expanded scale? Why is the Quaternary era expanded in the fourth scale? The Pleistocene is another reason for expanding the fourth scale? What is the Pleistocene? What is the principle of cross-cutting relationships? The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut? What does the principle of cross-cutting relationships pertain to? The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut? What happens when xenoliths are found? What happens when xenoliths are found? What does the principle of inclusions and components states that if inclusions are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them? What does the principle of inclusions and components states that if inclusions are found in a formation, then the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them? What does the principle of inclusions and components states that if inclusions are found in a formation, the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them? What is the principle of faunal succession based on? How were the principles of succession developed? How were the principles of succession developed? What is the principle of faunal succession based on? How were the principles of succession developed? When was important advancement in geological science facilitated by the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events? What changed the understanding of geologic time? What changed the understanding of geologic time? What changed the understanding of geologic time? What changed the understanding of geologic time? What can be used to determine ages of pluton emplacement? What is the point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice? What are the methods used in geochronologic and thermochronologic studies? What are some of the methods used in geochronologic and thermochronologic studies? When do rock units become thicker? Where do thrust faults form to cause deeper rock to move on top of shallower rock? What are the folds of rocks that are plastically and fold instead of faulting? What do rocks fold instead of faulting? What are anticlines and synclines? What is primarily accomplished through normal faulting and through ductile stretching and thinning? What does boudins mean? What can result in a thinning of rock units? What is the reason for the thinning of a rock? What is the main reason for the rock units to become longer and thinner? What can result in the emplacement of dike swarms? What can result in the emplacement of dike swarms? What happens when rock units are eroded by hillslopes and channels? What happens to sediments on the rock unit that is going down? What are deformational events associated with volcanism and igneous activity? What do the Hawaiian Islands consist of? How have sedimentary, volcanic, and intrusive rocks been metamorphosed? What are the Hawaiian Islands' sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States? What are the Hawaiian Islands' sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States? How have sedimentary, volcanic, and intrusive rocks been metamorphosed? What do geologists use to understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth? What do geologists use to understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth? What do geologists use to understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth? What do geologists use geophysical methods to investigate the subsurface? How do petrologists identify rocks in the laboratory? What are the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory? What are the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory? How do petrologists identify rocks in the laboratory? What are the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory? What can Petrologists use fluid inclusion data to understand the temperature and pressures at which different mineral phases appear and how they change through igneous and metamorphic processes? What can Petrologists use fluid inclusion data to understand the temperature and pressures at which different mineral phases appear and how they change through igneous and metamorphic processes? What can Petrologists use fluid inclusion data to understand the temperature and pressures at which different mineral phases appear and how they change through igneous and metamorphic processes? What do structural geologists use to observe the fabric within the rocks? What do structural geologists use to observe the fabric within the rocks? What do structural geologists use microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples to give information about strain within the crystalline structure of the rocks? What do structural geologists do in order to reconstruct the history of rock deformation? What are the zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries? What are the zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries? What is one of the most well-known experiments in structural geology? What is one of the most well-known experiments in structural geology? What do numerical models work in the same way as analog models? Where do stratigraphers analyze samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field? What do Stratigraphers analyze? What can Stratigraphers use computer programs to make a better view of the subsurface? What can Stratigraphers use computer programs to make a better view of the subsurface? What do Stratigraphers use computer programs to do? What do geochronologists do to date rocks within the stratigraphic section? Where do biostratigraphers analyze rock samples from outcrop and drill cores? What do geochronologists look for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within the drill cores? What do geochronologists do to date rocks within the stratigraphic section? What are some modern scholars of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end? What was Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni's work? What did Ibn Sina propose? What did Ibn Sina believe the Indian subcontinent was once a sea? What did Ibn Sina propose? What is the name of the first modern geologist? What was the name of Hutton's paper? What did Hutton publish in 1795? How did Hutton explain his theory of the Earth? What was the first geological map of the U.S. produced by William Maclure? What was the name of the first geological map of the U.S. produced by William Maclure? What was the first geological map of the U.S. produced by William Maclure? What was the first geological map of the U.S. produced by William Maclure? What was the first geological map of the U.S. produced by William Maclure? What was the name of the book that influenced the thought of Charles Darwin? What did Sir Charles Lyell publish in 1830? What did Sir Charles Lyell publish in 1830? What is the theory of catastrophism? What did Sir Charles Lyell publish in 1830? What is Newcastle the most populous city in the North East? What is Newcastle the most populous city in the North East? What is Newcastle a member of? What is the name of Newcastle upon Tyne? What is Newcastle upon Tyne? What was the name of the city that was named after the castle built in 1080? What was the name of the city that grew as a major coal mining area? What was the name of the city that grew as a major coal mining area? What was Newcastle's economy? What is the name of Newcastle's most popular half marathon? What was the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle? What was the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle? What was the estimated population of Pons Aelius? What are the Fragments of Hadrian's Wall still visible in parts of Newcastle? What was the first recorded settlement in Newcastle? What was Newcastle's northern fortress during the Middle Ages? What was Newcastle's northern fortress? What was Newcastle's charter granted by Elizabeth in 1589? What happened to Newcastle in the 13th century? What was the name of Newcastle's northern fortress? What did the royal act give a monopoly in the coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses? What did the royal act give a monopoly in the coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses? Why was the phrase taking coals to Newcastle first recorded? What did Timothy Dexter believe was a pointless pursuit? What was Timothy Dexter's idiom? Where did keelmen live? Why were keelmen so called? In the 1630s, what percentage of Newcastle's population died of plague? What happened to the population of Newcastle in 1636? What happened to the population of Newcastle in 1636? When did the North declare for the King? How did the Scots capture Newburn? What happened to Newburn in 1644? What did Cromwell's allies do to the town of Newburn? Who was imprisoned in Newcastle by the Scots? What happened to Newcastle in 1817? What happened to the Maling company in 1817? What was the first public road in the world to be lit up by electric lighting? When was Newcastle a powerhouse of the Industrial Revolution? What was Newcastle one of the first cities in the world to be lit up by electric lighting? In large parts, Newcastle still retains a medieval street layout? What is the name of Newcastle's street layout? What remains intact in places in Newcastle? What is the name of the building in Sandhill and Quayside? What is the name of the building in Sandhill and Quayside? What is the name of Newcastle's neoclassical centre? What was the name of Newcastle's neoclassical centre? What was the name of Newcastle's neoclassical centre? What was the name of the street that was demolished in the 1960s to make way for the Eldon Square Shopping Centre? What was the name of the street that was demolished in the 1960s to make way for the Eldon Square Shopping Centre? What is the Town Moor? What is the Town Moor? What is the largest travelling funfair in Europe? What is the largest travelling funfair in Europe? What is the Town Moor? What has the Gateshead Millennium Bridge replaced? What has the Gateshead Millennium Bridge replaced? What has the Gateshead Millennium Bridge replaced? What has Newcastle and Gateshead linked together to spearhead the regeneration of the North-East? What has Newcastle and Gateshead linked together to spearhead the regeneration of the North-East? What is the historic heart of Newcastle? What is the name of the Grainger Town area? What are some of Newcastle upon Tyne's finest buildings? What is the name of the Grainger Town area? What was Newcastle's first indoor market? What was Newcastle's first indoor market? What was Newcastle's first indoor market in 1835? What was Newcastle's first indoor market in 1835? How was the Grainger Market listed in 1954? What is the climate of Newcastle? What is the climate of Newcastle? Why is Newcastle among the driest cities in the UK? What is one of the driest cities in the UK? What is the climate of Newcastle? When was Newcastle ranked ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK? What is the largest shopping area in Newcastle City Centre? What is the name of the world's first department store? What is the name of the department store in Newcastle? What happened to Eldon Square in 2010? What is the name of the shopping destinations in Newcastle? What is the largest suburban shopping area in Newcastle? What is the largest Tesco store in the United Kingdom? Where is the largest Tesco store in the United Kingdom located? Where is the largest Tesco store in the United Kingdom located? What was the dominant housing form of the Tyneside flat? What did the Tyneside flats once dominated the streetscape on both sides of the Tyne? What was the name of the new development in the Ouseburn valley? What was the name of the new development in the Ouseburn valley? What was the name of the new development in the Ouseburn valley? What is one of the few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census? What is one of the few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census? What is one of the few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census? What is one of the few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census? What is one of the few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census? What is the population of Newcastle? What is the population of Newcastle? What is Newcastle's population? What is Newcastle's population? What are the areas with predominant student populations in Newcastle? What is the average age of people living in Newcastle? What is the average age of people living in Newcastle? What is the average age of people living in Newcastle? What is the average age of people living in Newcastle? What is the average age of people living in Newcastle? What is the name of the dialect of Newcastle? What is Geordie's origins in the language spoken by the Anglo-Saxons? What is the name of the dialect of Newcastle? What is an example of the pronunciation of certain words in the Anglo-Saxon language? What is an example of a Geordie dialect? What are examples of Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia? What are some words used in the Geordie dialect used elsewhere in the Northern United Kingdom? What are some words used in the Geordie dialect used elsewhere in the Northern United Kingdom? What are the words "bonny" and "nowt" used elsewhere in the Northern United Kingdom? What are the words "bonny" and "nowt" used in Northern England? What was Newcastle named as the noisiest city in the UK? What was Newcastle named as the noisiest city in the UK? What was Newcastle named as the noisiest city in the UK? What did the report claim Newcastle was the noisiest city in the UK with an average level of 80.4 decibels? What was the report that claimed that noise levels would have a negative long-term impact on Newcastle's residents? What is the name of the area that is known as the 'Diamond Strip'? What is the name of the new indoor complex in Newcastle? What is the name of the new indoor complex in Newcastle? What is the name of Newcastle's gay scene? What is the name of Newcastle's gay scene? What is Newcastle's history of theatre? How long did Stephen Kemble manage the original Theatre Royal? What did Stephen Kemble do to Newcastle? What was the name of the original Theatre Royal in Newcastle? What happened to the original Theatre Royal in Newcastle? What is Newcastle's largest theatre? What is Newcastle's largest theatre? What is the name of the largest theatre in Newcastle? What is the name of the Theatre Royal on Grey Street? What was NewcastleGateshead voted as the arts capital of the UK in 2006? What is the largest independent library outside London? How many books does the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne have? What is the name of the library in Newcastle upon Tyne? What was the name of the first public building to be lit by electric light? What was the name of the first public building to be lit by electric light? What is the name of the music festival held on the Newcastle and Gateshead Quaysides? What is the name of the music festival held on the Newcastle and Gateshead Quaysides? What is the name of the Biennial AV Festival of international electronic art? What is the name of the North East Art Expo? What is the name of the North East Art Expo? What is the largest travelling fair in Europe? What is the largest travelling fair in Europe? What is the name of the Newcastle Community Green Festival? What is the name of the Northern Pride Festival and Parade? What is the Northern Pride Festival and Parade held in Leazes Park? What is Newcastle Mela's annual multicultural event? What is Newcastle Mela's annual International Arts Fair? What is the Design Event festival? What is the name of the East Asian cultural festival held in early October? What is Newcastle Mela? What is the name of the folk-rock group that has a strong Tyneside connection? What was the name of Lindisfarne's most famous song? What was the name of the first folk metal band in Newcastle? What was the name of the first folk metal band in Newcastle? What was the name of the folk metal band Skyclad? When was the Pilgrim Street building reopened? What happened to the Pilgrim Street building between November 2006 and May 2008? What did the Tyneside Cinema reopen in May 2008? What did the Tyneside Cinema reopen in May 2008? What did the Tyneside Cinema reopen in May 2008? What is the name of the museum in Newcastle? What is the name of the museum in Newcastle? What is the name of the museum in Newcastle? What is the name of the museum in Newcastle? What is the name of the museum in Newcastle? What is the earliest known movie in Newcastle? What was the name of the 1971 film that was shot in Newcastle? What was the name of the 1971 film that was shot in Newcastle? What was the name of the 1971 film that was shot in Newcastle? What was the name of the 1971 film that was shot in Newcastle? What is the name of the horse racing course in Newcastle? What is the name of Newcastle's horse racing course? What is Newcastle's speedway team based at Brough Park? What is Newcastle's speedway team based at Brough Park? What is the biggest athletic event in Newcastle? What is Newcastle International Airport? How long is Newcastle International Airport connected to Newcastle? How long is Newcastle International Airport connected to Newcastle? What is Newcastle International Airport? How many destinations are available worldwide? What was the result of the renovation of the railway station? What is the name of the first covered railway station in the UK? What happened to the Victoria n architecture in 2014? What was the name of the first covered railway station in the UK? What is the name of the mainline station in the city? What is the name of the train operator that trains to London King's Cross? What is the name of the train operator that trains to London King's Cross? What is the name of the train operator that trains to London King's Cross? What do CrossCountry trains serve in Yorkshire, the Midlands and the South West? What type of service does Northern Rail provide? What is the name of the metro system that covers much of Tyne and Wear? What was the first urban light rail transit system in Britain? What was Newcastle's first urban light rail system? What was Newcastle's first urban light rail system? What is the name of the metro system that carries over 37 million passengers a year? What is the name of the period of refurbishment and modernization of the Metro system? What is the name of the period of refurbishment and modernization of the Metro system? What is the name of the period of refurbishment and modernization of the Metro system? What are the long term plans for the Metro system? What are some of the proposed routes that would require trams? What is the name of the major roads in Newcastle? What is the name of the major roads in Newcastle? What is the name of the major roads in Newcastle? What is the name of the major roads in Newcastle? What happened to the capacity of the Tyne Tunnel in 2011? What are the main bus companies in Newcastle? What are the two major bus stations in Newcastle? What are the main bus companies in Newcastle? What is the name of the bus company that operates from Haymarket Bus Station? What is the name of the bus company that operates from Haymarket Bus Station? What was Newcastle's cycling strategy? What was Newcastle's cycling strategy? What is Newcastle's cycling strategy? What is Newcastle's cycling strategy? What is Newcastle's cycling strategy? What does the Danish DFDS Seaways run a service to IJmuiden? What happened to the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden? What happened to the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden? What happened to the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden? What happened to the service to Bergen and Stavanger, Norway? How many independent schools are in Newcastle? How many independent schools are in Newcastle? What is the largest co-ed independent school in Newcastle? What is the largest general further education college in the North East? What is the largest co-ed independent school in Newcastle? What are the two universities in Newcastle? What are the two universities in Newcastle? What award did Newcastle University win in 2000? What was the name of the university that Newcastle University was voted 'Best New University' by The Times Good University Guide 2005? What are Newcastle's two universities? What is the name of the three cathedrals in Newcastle? What is the name of the three cathedrals in Newcastle? What is the name of the three cathedrals in Newcastle? What is the name of the church that is the only parish church in the Church of England without a parish? What did the three cathedrals begin their lives as parish churches? What is the Parish Church of St Andrew traditionally recognised as? The Parish Church of St Andrew is traditionally recognised as 'the oldest church in this town' The Parish Church of St Andrew is traditionally recognised as 'the oldest church in this town' What is the name of the church that is surrounded by the last of the ancient churchyards to retain its original character? What was the name of the church that was buried in Newcastle? What was the name of ITV Tyne Tees? What did ITV Tyne Tees move to in 2005? What did ITV Tyne Tees give its name to? What was the name of the 1980s music television programme The Tube? What is the name of ITV Tyne Tees? What is Newcastle's first full-time community radio station? What is the name of the first full-time community radio station in Newcastle? What is the name of the voluntary hospital radio service in Newcastle? What is the name of the first full-time community radio station in Newcastle? What is the name of the first full-time community radio station in Newcastle? Who was the leading composer of concertos in the 18th century? What was the name of the Archbishop of Westminster born in Newcastle in 1923? What was the name of the people born in Newcastle? What was the name of the people born in Newcastle? What was Eça de Queiroz's most productive literary period? Who were the students of Rutherford Grammar School? What was the name of the musicians born in Newcastle? Who was John Dunn's inventor of keyed Northumbrian smallpipes? Who was the inventor of keyed Northumbrian smallpipes? Who lived in Newcastle? What is the name of the V&A? What is the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design? What was the name of the Victoria and Albert Museum? What was the name of the V&A? What is the name of the V&A? What was the name of the Victoria and Albert Museum? What was the name of the V&A? What does the V&A stand for? What does the V&A stand for? How many galleries does the V&A cover? How many galleries does the V&A cover? What is the size of the V&A? What is the size of the V&A? What is the largest collection of post-classical sculpture in the world? What was the name of the V&A? What was the name of the V&A? What was the name of the V&A? What was the name of the V&A? Why was the South Kensington Museum renamed? What was the official opening by Queen Victoria in 1857? What was the official opening by Queen Victoria in 1857? What was the name of the first Keeper of Fine Art Collection? How were late night openings made possible by the use of gas lighting? What led to the transfer to the Royal College of Art? When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held? When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held? What was the result of the Britain Can Make It exhibition? What was the result of the Britain Can Make It exhibition? When did the Festival of Britain take place? When did the V&A become the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert? What was the name of the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert? What was the name of the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert? What was the name of the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert? What is the most expensive project ever undertaken in Scotland? What is the most expensive project ever undertaken in Scotland? What is the most expensive gallery project ever undertaken in Scotland? What is the most expensive gallery project ever undertaken in Scotland? What is the goal of the V&A Dundee? What was the name of the area of London that was renamed South Kensington? What was the first building to be erected in 1857? Who was the architect of the Sheepshanks Gallery? Where is the Secretariat Wing located? Where is the Secretariat Wing located? What was the last work by Fowke? What was the name of the design of the north range of the museum? What was the name of the design of the north range of the museum? What was the name of the design of the north range of the museum? What was the name of the design of the north range of the museum? The Green Dining Room 1866-68 was the work of Philip Webb and William Morris? What is the name of the Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77? The Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77 was designed in a Renaissance style by James Gamble? The Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77 was designed in a Renaissance style by James Gamble? What was the name of the Grill Room 1876-81? What was the name of the next architect to work at the museum? What was the name of the five-storey School for Naval Architects? What was the name of the staircase that was designed to the north west of the garden? What was the purpose of the Sackler Centre for arts education? What was the purpose of the Sackler Centre for arts education? What were the final embellishments of the Cast Courts? What was the name of the final embellishment of the Cast Courts? What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott? What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott? What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott? What is the name of the main façade that was designed by Aston Webb? What is the name of the main façade that was designed by Aston Webb? What is the name of the main façade that was designed by Aston Webb? What is the main entrance of the museum? What is the name of the main entrance of the museum? What is the name of the main arch above the twin entrances? What is the name of the façades that surround four levels of galleries? What is the name of the main arch above the twin entrances? What is the name of the area designed by Webb? What is the name of the main arch above the arches and entrance? What was the first major work of the Art Library in the 1950s and 1960s? What was the name of the museum that acquired the Henry Cole wing from the Royal College of Science in 1974? What was the purpose of the new entrance building? What is the only embellishment of the new entrance building in the Royal College of Science? What was the purpose of the new entrance building? What was the main silverware gallery redesigned in the 1990s? What happened to the mosaic floors in the sculpture gallery in 2006? What was the purpose of the FuturePlan? How many galleries have been redesigned in the 1990s? What was the name of the new galleries that were redesigned in the 1990s? What was the name of the John Madejski Garden? What was the name of the central garden opened by Kim Wilkie? What is the John Madejski Garden? What is the John Madejski Garden? What is the purpose of the John Madejski Garden? What was the name of the first permanent gallery in the UK? When did the V&A open the first permanent gallery in the UK? What is the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection? What was the name of the first permanent gallery in the UK? What is the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection? What are the RIBA's holdings of over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio? What are some of the major British architects represented in the RIBA collection? What are the RIBA's holdings of over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio? What are some of the major British architects represented in the RIBA collection? What are some of the major British architects represented in the RIBA collection? What is the name of the European example of a dormer window from the chateau of Montal? What is one example of a dormer window from the chateau of Montal? What is the name of the European example of a dormer window from the chateau of Montal? What is one example of a dormer window from the chateau of Montal? What does the main architecture gallery have a series of pillars from various buildings and different periods? How many items are on display at the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art? What is the highlight of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art? What is the highlight of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art? The Ardabil Carpet is the centrepiece of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art? What is the highlight of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art? The Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art is vast? The Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art is the most comprehensive and important in the West? The Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art is the most comprehensive and important in the West? What is the name of the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art? What is the name of the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art? The T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991? The T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991? The T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991? The T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art opened in 1991? How many objects are displayed in the T. T. Tsui Gallery? What was the name of the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art? What was the name of the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art? What is one of the oldest pieces displayed in the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art? What is one of the oldest pieces displayed in the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art? What is Suzuki Chokichi's bronze incense burner? What type of art is represented by the 14th and 15th century? What type of art is represented by Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century? What type of art is displayed in the Himalayan galleries? What are some of the smaller galleries in Korea? What type of art is represented by Tibetan art from the 14th to the 19th century? What are some of Leonardo da Vinci's note books? What is the Codex Forster? How many books did John Forster leave to the museum in 1869? How many books did John Forster leave to the museum in 1869? How many books were bequeathed to the museum in 1876? What are the writers in the library that are as diverse as Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter? What are the authors in the library that are as diverse as Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter? What is the name of the manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries? What is the name of the manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries? What is the name of the manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries? What was the name of the National Art Library? What was the name of the MODES cataloging system that was used from the 1980s to the 1990s? What does the MODES cataloging system do? What is the name of the computer system used by the National Art Library? What is a feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum web-site called " Search the Collections"? What was the first step of the Factory Project? What was the name of the large scale digitization project in 2007? What was the name of the large scale digitization project in 2007? How many images were taken during the first year of the Factory Project? What is the third step of the Factory Project? What type of work is on display in the galleries? What type of work is on display in the galleries? What type of artist is on display in the galleries? What type of work is on display in the galleries? What type of work is on display in the galleries? What influenced taste in the Georgian age? In the Georgian age, what did the increase in tea drinking lead to the production of tea paraphernalia? What was the result of the increasing backlash against industrialization in the 19th century? When did the Industrial Revolution take hold? What did the backlash against industrialization contribute to the Arts and Crafts movement? What is dominated by a full-scale replica of Trajan's Column? What is dominated by a full-scale replica of Trajan's Column? What is one of the most dramatic parts of the museum? What is the Cast Courts in the sculpture wing? What is one of the most dramatic parts of the museum? What is the name of the first factory in Europe to discover the Chinese method of making porcelain? What is the name of the first factory in Europe to discover the Chinese method of making porcelain? What is the name of the first factory in Europe to discover the Chinese method of making porcelain? What was the major boost to the collection of 18th-century British porcelain? What was the major boost to the collection of 18th-century British porcelain? What are some of the famous potters in the Delftware collection? What is the largest collection of Delftware produced in Britain and Holland? What are the largest objects in the collection of Delftware? What are the largest objects in the collection of Delftware? What are the largest objects in the collection of Delftware? What is the name of the glass collection that has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, America, and Asia? What is the name of the glass collection that has over 6000 items from Africa, Britain, America, and Asia? What is the earliest glassware on display in the British Galleries? What is the earliest glassware on display in the British Galleries? What is the earliest glassware on display in the British Galleries? What is the name of the gallery that was redesigned in 1994? What is the name of the gallery that was redesigned in 1994? What is the name of the gallery that was redesigned in 1994? What is one of the most spectacular items in the British Galleries? What is the name of the 13th century glass beaker displayed in the British Galleries? What is the name of the collection of drawings by Dürer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalenti, Rembrandt, Antonio Verrio? What is the name of the collection of drawings that includes over 10,000 British and 2,000 old master works? What is the name of the collection of drawings by Dürer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalenti, Rembrandt, Antonio Verrio? What is the name of the collection of drawings by Dürer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalenti, Rembrandt, Antonio Verrio, Paul Sandby, John Russell, Angelica Kauffman, John Flaxman, William Kil What is the name of the collection of drawings by Dürer, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, Bernardo Buontalenti, Rembrandt, Antonio Verrio? What is the most comprehensive costume collection in Britain? What is the most comprehensive costume collection in Britain? Why is the Talbot Hughes collection dominated by fashionable clothes? What is the name of the costume collection that is the most comprehensive in Britain? What is the name of the costume collection that is the most comprehensive in Britain? In 2002, what was the Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes? In 2002, what was the Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes? In 2002, what was the Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes? In 2002, what was the Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes? What does the Museum continue to acquire to add to the collection of Vivienne Westwood costumes? The John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings was acquired between 1859 and 1865? The John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings was acquired between 1859 and 1865? What was the value of the John Jones Collection? What was the value of the John Jones Collection? What was the value of the John Jones Collection? What is one of the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection? What is one of the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection? What is one of the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection? What is one of the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection? What is one of the grandest pieces of continental furniture in the collection? What is the most comprehensive collection of jewellery in the world? What is the most comprehensive collection of jewellery in the world? What is the name of the jewellery collection in the museum? What is the name of the jewellery collection in the museum? What was the name of the new jewellery gallery? How many objects are in the Hereford Screen collection? What is the earliest known piece of English silver with a dated hallmark? What is the main silver gallery divided into? What is one of the largest pieces of the Hereford Screen? How many objects are in the Hereford Screen collection? What is one of the rarest items in the Gloucester Candlestick collection? What is one of the rarest items in the Gloucester Candlestick collection? What is one of the rarest items in the Gloucester Candlestick? What is one of the rarest items in the Gloucester Candlestick? What is one of the rarest items in the Gloucester Candlestick? What did Chris Smith ask Parliament about the future of the Musical Instruments collection? What did Chris Smith ask Parliament about the future of the Musical Instruments collection? What was the reason the Horniman Museum closed? What happened to the Horniman Museum? What was the decision to close the Musical Instruments gallery in 2010? What is the national collection in the museum? What is the national collection in the museum? What is the national collection in the museum? Who is on loan to the museum? What is one of the largest objects in the collection? What did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857? What did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857? What did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857? What was the name of the painting that John Sheepshanks donated to the museum in 1857? What did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857? What was the name of the paintings that entered the collection as part of the Jones bequest of 1882? What was the name of the paintings that entered the collection as part of the Jones bequest of 1882? What was the name of the paintings that entered the collection as part of the Jones bequest of 1882? What was the name of the paintings that entered the collection as part of the Jones bequest of 1882? What is one of the more unusual collections of Animal Locomotion? What is one of the most unusual collections of Animal Locomotion? What is one of the most unusual collections of Animal Locomotion? What is one of the unusual collections of Animal Locomotion? What is the name of James Lafayette's society portraits? What is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world? The V&A is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world? The V&A is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world? What is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world? What is the name of the collection of Italian, Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical sculpture? What is the name of the statue of Narcissus restored by Valerio Cioli c1564? What is the largest item of the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence? What is the largest item of the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence? What is the largest item of the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence? What is the name of the largest collection of the sculptor's work outside of France? What is the name of the largest collection of the sculptor's work outside of France? What is the name of the largest collection of the sculptor's work outside of France? What is the name of the largest collection of the sculptor's work outside of France? What is the name of the largest collection of the sculptor's work outside of France? What is the name of the sculptors that were based in Britain? What type of sculptors were based in Britain? What type of sculptors were based in Britain? What type of sculptors were based in Britain? What did Dorothy and Michael Hintze open in 2006? What did Dorothy and Michael Hintze open in 2006? What are some of the works on display in the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries? What did Dorothy and Michael Hintze open in 2006? What did Dorothy and Michael Hintze open in 2006? What is the largest collection of textiles in the world? What is the largest collection of textiles in the world? What is the largest collection of textiles in the world? What is the largest collection of textiles in the world? How are textiles classified in the world? What is the Cloth of St Gereon? What is the Cloth of St Gereon? What is the Cloth of St Gereon? What is the Cloth of St Gereon? What are some of the finest tapestries from the Gobelins workshop? What is one of the earliest examples of European quilting? What is one of the earliest examples of European quilting? What is one of the earliest examples of European quilting? What is the art deco period covered by rugs and fabrics? What was the name of the rug designed by Marion Dorn? What is the name of the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries? What is the name of the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries? What is the biggest national collection of material about live performance in the UK since Shakespeare's day? What is the biggest national collection of material about live performance in the UK since Shakespeare's day? The V&A Theatre & Performance galleries are available for research, exhibitions and other shows? Who is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections of the V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood? What is one of the major areas of conservation? What is the other major category of conservation? Who is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections? What are some of the areas covered by conservator's work? What is the name of the American commercial broadcast television network? What is the name of the American commercial broadcast television network? What is the name of the Big Three television networks? What is the name of the Big Three television networks? What is the name of the American commercial broadcast television network? What was the name of ABC's radio network? What was the name of ABC's radio network? What happened to the NBC Blue Network in 1943? What did Leonard Goldenson do in the 1980s? What did Leonard Goldenson do in the 1980s? How many affiliated television stations are there in the U.S.? What does Citadel Broadcasting do? How many affiliated television stations are there in the U.S.? How many affiliated television stations do most Canadians have access to? What does Citadel Broadcasting do? What was the last company that owned NBC Blue and NBC Red? What was the last company that owned NBC Blue and NBC Red? What was the purpose of the NBC Blue Network? What was the purpose of the NBC Blue Network? What was the last company that owned NBC Blue and NBC Red? In 1934, Mutual filed a complaint with the FCC about its difficulties in establishing new stations? What did the FCC do in 1938? What did the FCC do in 1938? What did the FCC recommend that RCA give up control of NBC Red or NBC Blue? What did the FCC report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940? What happened to RCA's decision to sell NBC Blue in 1941? What did RCA do to the Blue Network? What was the result of RCA's decision to sell NBC Blue? What was the result of RCA's decision to sell NBC Blue? What was the result of RCA's decision to sell NBC Blue? Who purchased the Blue Network for $8 million? What was the date of the purchase of the Blue Network? What did Noble do to the Blue Network? What was the name of the company that purchased the Blue Network? What was the name of the company that purchased the Blue Network? What was the name of ABC's counterprogramming program? What did ABC become an aggressive competitor to NBC and CBS? What did ABC become an aggressive competitor to NBC and CBS? What did ABC do with the Magnetophon? What did ABC become an aggressive competitor to NBC and CBS? What was the name of the second period of international expansion linked to the ESPN network in the 1990s? What happened to ABC1's free-to-air channel in 2004? What was the reason for the discontinuation of ABC1? Why did Disney discontinue ABC1? What is the difference between Disney and Disney's other channels? What was the idea of a network of wholly and partially owned channels and affiliates to rebroadcast the network's programs? What caused ABC Films to sell programs to networks not owned by ABC? What did ABC want to do in the 1970s? What caused ABC Films to sell programs to networks not owned by ABC? What did Leonard Goldenson try to use in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market? What did Goldenson invest in broadcasting properties in Beirut in the mid-1960s? What did Goldenson do in the 1950s? What did Leonard Goldenson try to use in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market? What did Leonard Goldenson try to use in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market? What is the name of the broadcast rights that ABC has acquired from CBS? What does ABC hold the broadcast rights to? What is the name of the broadcast rights that ABC has acquired from CBS? What does ABC hold the broadcast rights to? What is the name of the broadcast rights that ABC has acquired from CBS? What has ABC aired the Miss America pageant since 1974? What has ABC aired the Miss America pageant since 1974? What has ABC aired the Miss America pageant since 2011? What has ABC aired the Miss America pageant since 1974? What has ABC aired the Miss America pageant since 2011? What is the longest-running entertainment program in the history of the ABC television network? What is the longest-running entertainment program in the history of the ABC television network? What is the name of the soap opera that aired on ABC Daytime? What is the longest-running entertainment program in the history of the ABC television network? What is the longest-running entertainment program in the history of the ABC television network? What is the reason ABC carries X Games weekend events? What is the reason for the erratic scheduling of sports programming? What type of programming is provided on some weekend afternoons? What is the reason ABC carries X Games weekend events not broadcast by ESPN? What is the purpose of ABC's highlight compilation programs? What did ABC submit in 1947? What did ABC submit in 1947? How did ABC find it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television? What did ABC submit in 1947? What was the result of the freeze in 1952? When did ABC find itself in the position of an outsider? When did ABC find itself in the position of an outsider? When did ABC find itself in the position of an outsider? When was United Paramount Theatres forced to become an independent entity? When was United Paramount Theatres forced to become an independent entity? What did the Supreme Court force United Paramount Theatres to become an independent entity? In 1951, a rumor mentioned that ABC would be sold to CBS? What was the rumor that ABC would be sold to CBS in 1951? Who approached Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC? What did Goldenson and Noble get in 1951? When was the tentative agreement approved by UPT's board of directors? What was the issue with the UPT-ABC merger? How did the FCC approve the acquisition of ABC? What was the name of the merged company that bought ABC in 1953? What did the FCC approve the purchase of ABC in exchange for $25 million in shares? What was the name of ABC's flagship owned-and-operated station? What happened to the FCC's freeze on new station applications? What was the name of ABC's flagship owned-and-operated station? What was the name of ABC's flagship owned-and-operated station? The Flintstones allowed ABC to present a novelty of prime-time animated programming? What did ABC try to counterprogram its established competitors in the 1960s? The Flintstones allowed ABC to present a novelty of prime-time animated programming? What did ABC try to counterprogram its established competitors in the 1960s? What happened to Walt Disney Productions in 1959? What happened to Walt Disney's anthology series in 1961? What happened to Walt Disney Productions in 1959? What did Goldenson say ABC could not counter the offer? What did ABC do in 2000? What did the Troika Design Group do? What did the Troika Design Group do? What did ABC do in 2000? What was the name of the new four-note theme tune introduced by ABC in 1998? What was the name of the new four-note theme tune introduced by ABC in the fall of 2015? What was the name of ABC's new four-note theme tune? What is the name of the new four-note theme tune used by ABC on Demand? What happened to the "ABC Circle" logo in 1993? What happened to the "ABC Circle" logo in 1993? In 1983, what did ABC logo appear in a gold CGI design on a blue background? What was the name of the "ABC Circle" logo? What was the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional appearance? What was the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional appearance? What was the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional appearance? What did Paul Rand do to the ABC logo? What did Paul Rand redesigned the ABC logo in 1962? What did Paul Rand redesigned the ABC logo in 1962? How did Paul Rand redesign the ABC logo? What happened to the rumors that Disney-ABC was considering a sale of ABC Radio? What did ABC announce on October 19, 2005? What did ABC announce on October 19, 2005? What did ABC's average viewership decline in 2004? What happened to ABC's 2004-05 season? What did Disney announce on April 21, 2004? What was the name of the agreement that allowed ABC to broadcast 17 Nextel Cup races each season? What did Disney's affiliates approve in 2002? What was the name of the first hit reality series in 2002? What was the name of ABC's first hit reality series? What was the name of ABC's first hit reality series? When did Time Warner Cable remove owned-and-operated stations from the cable provider's systems? When did Time Warner Cable remove owned-and-operated stations from the cable provider's systems? When did Time Warner Cable remove owned-and-operated stations from the cable provider's systems? What did Time Warner Cable do in 2000? What happened to ABC in 2000? What happened to "TGIF" in 2000? What happened to "TGIF" in 2000? What was the name of the special show that ABC premiered in 1999? What was the name of the special show that ABC premiered in 1999? What was the name of the show that ABC was the first to move from third to first in ratings during a single television season? What was the name of the show that ABC was the first to move from third to first in ratings during a single television season? When did the Walt Disney Company announce an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC? What did the Walt Disney Company announce to merge with Capital Cities/ABC? What did Disney sell to Young Broadcasting? What happened to Disney's acquisition of Capital Cities? What was the name of the deal that Disney renamed ABC? When did ABC become the dominant format for the three broadcast television networks? What was the dominant format for the three broadcast television networks in the 1965-66 season? What did ABC do in the 1965-66 season? What did ABC's flagship stations change their callsigns to? What did ABC's flagship stations change their callsigns to? What was the name of ABC's new York City flagship stations? What happened to Robert Kintner in 1950? What was the reason for the merger of UPT and the DuMont Television Network? Why did Goldenson propose a merger between UPT and DuMont Television Network? What was the reason for the merger between UPT and DuMont? What did Goldenson do to help grow ABC? What was the record for the longest-running prime time comedy in U.S. television history? What was the record for the longest-running prime time comedy in U.S. television history? What was the most iconic of ABC's relationships with Walt Disney? What was the most iconic of ABC's relationships with Walt Disney? What was the most iconic of ABC's relationships with Walt Disney? What did Warner try to do in the 1955-56 season? What did Walt Disney and his brother Roy contact Goldenson for? What did Walt want ABC to invest in Disneyland? What did ABC agree to finance in exchange for the right to broadcast a new Sunday night program? What did Walt Disney and his brother Roy contact Goldenson for? What was the name of the special programming project that ABC Radio launched in 1968? What was the name of the special programming project that ABC Radio launched in 1968? What was the name of the new concept that was launched on ABC's seven owned-and-operated FM stations in 1968? What was the name of the new concept called "LOVE Radio"? What was the Movie of the Week? What was the Movie of the Week? What was the Movie of the Week? What was the Movie of the Week? What did ABC do in the early 1970s? When did ABC begin to pass CBS and NBC in the ratings to become the first place network? What did ABC use behavioral and demographic data to better determine? What happened to Monday Night Football in 1970? What happened to Monday Night Football in 1970? What happened to Monday Night Football in 1970? What happened to Monday Night Football in 1970? What did the FCC vote to pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules? What did the FCC vote to pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules? What did the FCC vote to pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules? When did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect? When did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect? Why was the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act passed? What did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act do? When did Eisner become ABC's program development manager? What was Eisner's main credit for developing youth-oriented programming? What was Eisner's main credit for developing youth-oriented programming? What was Eisner's main credit for developing youth-oriented programming? In 1975, what was the name of the independent television production subsidiary ABC Entertainment? In 1975, what was the name of the independent television production subsidiary ABC Entertainment? When did ABC premiere the detective series? What was the name of the national morning show that WCVB-TV did? What was the name of the series that was greenlit by Silverman? What was the name of the success of Happy Days? What were the two prime examples of a trend in the 1970s? What happened to Roots in 1977? What happened to Roots in 1977? What happened to Roots in 1977? What did Roots, Happy Days and The Love Boat allow the network to take first place in the ratings for the first time in the 1976-77 season? What did Roots, Happy Days and The Love Boat allow the network to take first place in the ratings for the first time in the 1976-77 season? What did ABC News do in 1977? What did ABC News do in 1977? What was the name of ABC's new office facility in New York City? What was the name of the building that was transformed into a 15-story building? What happened to the newsmagazine 20/20? What happened to the newsmagazine 20/20? What happened to the newsmagazine 20/20? What happened to ABC's recording division in 1979? What did ABC do to compete with CNN? What was ABC's plan to launch in 2004? What was the name of the news channel that ABC purchased from SJL Broadcast Management in 1994? What was the name of the news channel that ABC purchased from SJL Broadcast Management in 1994? What did the Writers Guild of America strike that halted production of network programs for much of the 2007-08 season affect the network? What was the name of the game show Duel? What did the Writers Guild of America deny in 2008? What happened to ABC Entertainment Group in 2009? What happened to ABC Entertainment Group in 2009? What did Citadel Communications announce it would rebrand ABC Radio as Citadel Media? What did Citadel Communications announce on December 22, 2009? What was Lost's lowest-rated season since 2004? What was Lost's lowest-rated season since 2004? What was Lost's lowest-rated season since 2004? What was Lost's lowest-rated season since 2004? When did ABC create a production company? When did ABC create a production company? When did ABC create a production company? What did Worldvision sell to Turner Broadcasting System in 1990? What is the name of the Selznick library? What is the name of the Selznick library? What is the name of the Selznick library? What is the name of the Selznick library? What is the name of the first two affiliated stations to carry ABC's programming? What is the largest U.S. broadcast television network? What is the largest U.S. broadcast television network? What is the largest U.S. broadcast television network? What was the name of the first ABC logo? What was the name of ABC's first logo? What did the ABC logo consist of? Why was Extreme Makeover: Home Edition broadcast in 4:3 standard definition? Why was Extreme Makeover: Home Edition broadcast in 4:3 standard definition? What happened to Extreme Makeover: Home Edition? What did Extreme Makeover: Home Edition end its run as a regular series? What is the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties? What is the native resolution format for the Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties? How is ABC's master feed transmitted in 720p high definition? What is the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties? What happened to the forensic investigation drama Body of Proof? What happened to the forensic investigation drama Body of Proof? What was the reason for the cancellation of the forensic investigation drama Body of Proof? What was the cause of the cancellation of the forensic investigation drama Body of Proof? What did ABC cancel on April 14, 2011? What did ABC cancel on April 14, 2011? What did ABC cancel on April 14, 2011? What did ABC cancel on April 14, 2011? How did ABC drop to fourth place in the 18-49 demographic? How did NBC finish the 2013-14 season? How did NBC finish the 2013-14 season? What was the result of the cancellations of The Neighbors and Suburgatory? What was the result of the cancellations of The Neighbors and Suburgatory? What was the name of the two family sitcoms that anchored ABC's revamped Wednesday comedy lineup? What was the name of the show that anchored ABC's Wednesday comedy lineup? What was the name of the show that anchored ABC's Wednesday comedy lineup? What was the name of the show that anchored ABC's Wednesday comedy lineup? What happened to the debut of NYPD Blue? What happened to the debut of NYPD Blue? What happened to the debut of NYPD Blue? What happened to the debut of NYPD Blue? What happened to the debut of NYPD Blue? How did the FCC repeal the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules? What did Capital Cities/ABC sign an agreement with Time Warner Cable to carry its owned-and-operated television stations on ABC O&O markets? What did Capital Cities/ABC sign an agreement with Time Warner Cable to carry its owned-and-operated television stations on ABC O&O markets? What was the total viewership share of ABC's television stations? What did ABC buy in May 1960? What did WLS do on May 9, 1960? What did John Bassett do in 1960? What did John Bassett want ABC to do? What was the name of the anthology series that was produced by Roone Arledge? What was the name of the anthology series that ABC debuted on April 29, 1961? What was the name of the anthology series that ABC debuted on April 29, 1961? What was the name of the anthology series that ABC debuted on April 29, 1961? What was the name of the company that was renamed ABC Records in 1966? What was the name of ABC's recording division in 1966? What was The Newlywed Game? What happened to The Newlywed Game? What did ABC do in the 1970s and 1980s? What was the name of the opulent drama from Aaron Spelling? What happened to the series Dynasty? What was the name of the network that dominated the American television landscape? When did ABC sell KXYZ to the Infinity Broadcasting Corporation? How did ABC sell KXYZ to the Infinity Broadcasting Corporation? What did ABC and Hearst agree to merge ARTS and The Entertainment Channel? What did ABC and Hearst agree to merge ARTS and The Entertainment Channel? What was the revenue of ABC in 1990? What was the revenue of ABC in 1990? What was the revenue of ABC in 1990? What was the name of the cult favorite of ABC in the 1990s? What was the name of the sitcom starring Tim Allen? What is the Eastern/Pacific location for stations to air newscasts? What is the Eastern/Pacific location for stations to air newscasts? What type of programming is provided by ABC News? What is the name of the weeknight talk show? What are the only states where ABC does not have a locally licensed affiliate? What does ABC maintain affiliations with low-power stations? What does ABC maintain affiliations with low-power stations? What does ABC maintain affiliations with low-power stations? What was the result of the reorganization of Touchstone as ABC Studios? What was the result of the reorganization of Touchstone as ABC Studios? What was the name of the two main production facilities in the 1950s? What was the name of the two main production facilities in the 1950s? Who owns the Times Square Studios at 1500 Broadway? Who owns the Times Square Studios at 1500 Broadway? What was the name of the block of West End Avenue that was renamed Peter Jennings Way? What was the name of the block of West End Avenue that was renamed Peter Jennings Way? What does ABC maintain for delayed viewing of the network's programming? What is the traditional VOD service carried on most traditional cable and IPTV providers? What is the traditional VOD service carried on most traditional cable and IPTV providers? What is the traditional VOD service carried on most traditional cable and IPTV providers? What are the most recent episodes of ABC's shows usually made available on WATCH ABC, Hulu and ABC on Demand? What does ABC on Demand disallow fast forwarding of accessed content? What does ABC on Demand disallow fast forwarding of accessed content? What does ABC on Demand disallow fast forwarding of accessed content? What was the name of the revised version of the ABC logo introduced for promotions for the 2013-14 season? What is the name of the new logo that is displayed on-air, online and in print advertising? What was the name of the new custom typeface that was created for use in advertising and other promotional materials? What is the name of the new logo that is displayed on-air, online and in print advertising? What did ABC do in 1954? What did ABC do in 1954? What did the All-Channel Receiver Act mandate? What did the All-Channel Receiver Act mandate? Why was ABC relegated to secondary status on one or both of the existing stations? What happened to the hour of ABC programming? What happened to WTRF-TV in West Virginia? What happened to WTRF-TV in West Virginia? When was the Disneyland anthology series retitled? What happened to The Untouchables? What happened to The Untouchables in 1959? What happened to The Untouchables? Why did ABC launch the Sunday Night Movie? What happened to ABC's Sunday Night Movie? What was the name of the first television series to be broadcast in color on ABC? What was the name of the first television series to be broadcast in color on ABC? What was the first television series to be broadcast in color on ABC? When did Goldenson announce a merger with ITT? What did the FCC approve of the merger on December 21, 1966? What did the FCC approve of the merger on December 21, 1966? What did ITT management promise to allow ABC to retain autonomy in the publishing business? What happened to Leonard Goldenson's proposal to merge their respective companies? What happened to the merger offer? What did Warren Buffett promise to buy the remaining $500 million in shares? What was the reason for the merger of ABC and Capital Cities? What was the reason for the merger of ABC and Capital Cities? What was the name of the merger between ABC and Capital Cities? What was the name of the merger between ABC and Capital Cities? What was the name of the merger between ABC and Capital Cities? What was the name of the merger between ABC and Capital Cities? What was the name of the merger between ABC and Capital Cities? What happened to four of ABC's marquee shows in the 1970s? What happened to four of ABC's marquee shows in the 1970s? What happened to The Love Boat in 1986? What happened to four of ABC's marquee shows in the 1970s? What did NBC do to counteract NBC's refocus on comedies and family-oriented series? What was the name of the 1989 "TGIF" block? What was the name of the 1989 debut of the "TGIF" block? What was the name of the 1989 debut of the "TGIF" block? What was the name of the 1989 debut of the "TGIF" block? What did ABC take advantage of in 1968? What was the name of ABC's first picture? What was the name of the film produced by ABC? What was the name of ABC Pictures? What did ABC do in 1968? What was the reason for the popularity of the ABC show? What was the reason for the popularity of the ABC show? What was the reason for the popularity of the ABC show? What did Ollie Treiz discover that Bandstand had fewer affiliates than NBC and CBS? What did Ollie Treiz discover that Bandstand had fewer affiliates than NBC and CBS? What did Goldenson give ABC a continuum between film and television? What did Goldenson do to ABC's western series? What did Life denounce in 1961? What did Goldenson do to ABC's western series? What was the name of the service that ABC launched in May 2013? What were the first stations to offer streams of their programming on ABC? What did Hearst Television reach a deal to offer streams of its ABC affiliates? What is the name of the network that allows live streams of local ABC affiliates in certain markets? What is the largest operator of ABC stations? What is the largest operator of ABC stations? What is the largest operator of ABC stations? What is the largest operator of ABC stations? What is the largest operator of ABC stations? When did ABC begin to phase in a new imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season? What was the name of the new imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season? What was the name of the new imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season? What was the name of the new imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season? What is the difference between WFTS-TV and WOTV? What is the difference between KQTV and St. Joseph, Missouri? What is the difference between KQTV and St. Joseph, Missouri? What is the difference between KQTV and St. Joseph, Missouri? When did the Mongol invasions result in the conquest of most of Eurasia? What was the name of the mongol invasion that resulted in the conquest of most of Eurasia? What was the result of the Mongol invasions? By the end of his life, the Mongol Empire occupied a substantial portion of Central Asia and China? What did the Mongol invasions result in the conquest of most of Eurasia? When did Genghis Khan split his empire into khanates? What happened to Genghis Khan in 1227? When did Genghis Khan die? When did Genghis Khan split his empire into khanates? Where was Genghis Khan buried? What was Temüjin's birth date? What did the Secret History of the Mongols report that Temüjin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist? What was Temüjin's birth date? What was the name of Temüjin's father? What did Temüjin have? What did Temüjin have? What was Temüjin's early life difficult? What was Temüjin's early life difficult? What was Temüjin's early life difficult? What happened to Begter's half-brother? How did Hoelun and her children live in poverty? What did Temujin's resentment erupted during one hunting excursion? What did Temujin's resentment erupted during one hunting excursion? What happened to Temüjin in 1177? What was Temüjin's reputation after his escape from the Tayichi'ud? What was Temüjin's reputation after his escape from the Tayichi'ud? What was Temüjin's reputation after his escape from the Tayichi'ud? What was Temüjin's reputation after his escape from the Tayichi'ud? What did Temüjin see as a result of the tough political climate of Mongolia? What did Temüjin's mother teach him about the unstable political climate of Mongolia? What did Temüjin's mother teach him about the unstable political climate of Mongolia? What did Temüjin's mother teach him about the unstable political climate of Mongolia? Why did Temüjin marry Börte of the Onggirat tribe? What did Temüjin want to cement alliances between the Onggirat tribes? What did Temüjin do when he married Börte of the Onggirat tribe? What did Temüjin do to Temüjin? What did Temüjin do to Temüjin? Who had many other wives with Genghis Khan? Who had many other wives with Genghis Khan? Who had many other wives with Genghis Khan? Who had many other wives with Genghis Khan? What did Börte do to his daughters? What did the Jurchen Jin dynasty grant to Temüjin? What did the Jurchen Jin dynasty grant Temüjin? What did the Jurchen Jin dynasty grant Temüjin? What did Temüjin offer to Toghrul? What happened to Temüjin's relationship with Toghrul? What did Jamukha and Temüjin support? Why did Jamukha and Temüjin rise to power? When did Temüjin become khan of the Mongols? What happened to Temüjin in 1187? Who was Temüjin's patron? What did Temüjin promise to the civilians and soldiers? What did Temüjin promise to the civilians and soldiers? What did Temüjin do to the conquered tribe? What did Temüjin do when he defeated rival tribes? What caused the split between Toghrul and Temüjin? What caused Toghrul to defeat Jamukha? What caused Toghrul to defeat Jamukha? What caused the defeat of Jamukha? What was the next direct threat to Temüjin? What was Jamukha's title used by the rulers of the Qara Khitai? What was Jamukha's title used by the rulers of the Qara Khitai? What did Jamukha form a coalition of tribes to oppose Temüjin? What happened to Jamukha in 1206? What did Temüjin do to Jamukha? What did Temüjin do to Jamukha? What did Temüjin do to Jamukha? What is the custom to die without spilling blood? What was Genghis Khan's military strategy? What are some of Genghis Khan's accounts of his life marked by a series of betrayals and conspiracies? What are some of Genghis Khan's accounts of his life marked by a series of betrayals and conspiracies? What was Genghis Khan's military strategy? What are some of Genghis Khan's accounts of his life marked by a series of betrayals and conspiracies? What did Temüjin do to the Mongols? When Temüjin was acknowledged as "Khan" of the consolidated tribes, what was the name given to Genghis Khan? What did Temüjin take the title of "Genghis Khan"? What did Temüjin take the title of "Genghis Khan"? What did Temüjin do to the Mongols? When did Genghis Khan plan to conquer the Jin dynasty? What was the mistake of the Jin dynasty army? What happened to the Jin dynasty in 1215? What caused the Emperor Xuanzong to abandon the northern half of his kingdom to the Mongols? When did the Jin dynasty collapse? Who was the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation that Temüjin defeated and folded into his Mongol Empire? Who was the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation that Temüjin defeated? What did Genghis Khan send two tumen against Kuchlug? What did Genghis Khan send two tumen against Kuchlug? What did Genghis Khan send two tumen against Kuchlug? Why were the Mongols forced to change strategies and resort to inciting internal revolt? What resulted in Kuchlug's army being defeated west of Kashgar? What happened to the Mongol Empire in 1218? What happened to the Mongol Empire in 1218? What happened to the Mongol Empire in 1218? When was the Khwarazmian dynasty governed by Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad? What did Inalchuq claim the caravan was a conspiracy against Khwarezmia? What was the insult to Genghis Khan? What was Genghis Khan's reaction to the invasion? What did Genghis Khan see as a commercial trading partner in the Khwarazmian dynasty? What happened to the Mongol army under Genghis Khan? How did Genghis Khan prepare his army? What was the name of the first division of the Mongol army? What was the name of the first division of the Mongol army? What was the name of the first division of the Mongol army? What caused the Shah to split his army into small groups? What did the Mongols do to the town of Otrar? What happened to Inalchuq? What happened to the Shah's army at the end of the battle? What did Genghis Khan order Subutai and Jebe to hunt him down? What happened to the Mongols' conquest? What happened to the Mongols' conquest? What did Genghis Khan do to destroy the Khwarezmid Empire? How did the Mongols attack Samarkand? How did the Mongols attack Samarkand? What happened to the people of Samarkand? What happened to the city of Bukhara? What happened to the city of Bukhara? What happened to the Mongols in Bukhara? What did Genghis Khan do to the Mongols? What happened to the Mongols in Bukhara? When did Genghis Khan gather his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes? What happened to the Mongol army after the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire? What happened to the Mongols during the Battle of Kalka River? When did Subutai's forces defeat the larger Kievan force? What did Subutai send emissaries to the Slavic princes? What did the Mongols do to conquer Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus? What did the Mongols do to conquer Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus? What happened to the Mongols' cavalry expedition? When did the Mongols return to Mongolia? What did Genghis Khan say the Mongols learned from the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory? When did Genghis Khan begin a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts? How did Genghis Khan attack the Tanguts? What did Genghis Khan do to the Mongols? How did Genghis Khan defeat the Tangut relief army? What did Genghis Khan say was an omen of his victory? What did Genghis Khan's army do in 1227? What happened to Ma Jianlong at Deshun? What happened to Ma Jianlong? What did Genghis Khan do after conquering Deshun? How did Genghis Khan end the Tangut lineage? Why was the succession of Genghis Khan a significant topic? How did Chagatai voice the issue of Jochi's paternity? How did Chagatai say he would never accept Jochi as Genghis Khan's successor? How did Chagatai say he would never accept Jochi as Genghis Khan's successor? What did Genghis Khan worry about when he died? What was Genghis Khan worried about? Why was Genghis Khan's youngest son not to be his successor? Why did Genghis Khan decide to give the throne to gedei? What happened to Jochi during his father's lifetime? What did Rashid al-Din say Jochi was poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan? What did Juzjani believe the disagreement arose from a quarrel between Jochi and his brothers in the siege of Urgench? What did Juzjani say Jochi was poisoned by Genghis Khan? What did Juzjani claim that Genghis Khan ordered his son to be poisoned? When did Genghis Khan die? What is the cause of Genghis Khan's death? What did the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle say Genghis Khan was killed by the Western Xia? When did Genghis Khan die? What did the Mongol chronicles connect Genghis' death with? How long before his death did Genghis Khan ask to be buried without markings? What happened to Genghis Khan after he died? What happened to Genghis Khan after he died? What is the name of Genghis Khan's Mausoleum? What happened to the mausoleum in Mongolia in 1939? What happened to the mausoleum in Mongolia in 1939? What happened to the mausoleum in Mongolia in 1949? When were the bier and relics returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia? What happened to the mausoleum during the Cultural Revolution? What happened to Genghis Khan's palace in 2004? What does Folklore say a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find? What does Folklore say a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find? What does Folklore say a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find? What was the Mongol Empire governed by? What was the Mongol Empire governed by? Why was the Mongol Empire governed by the Yassa? What was the exception to the role of Genghis Khan and his family? What was the name of the Mongol Empire? What did the Mongol Empire practice religious tolerance? Why did the Mongol Empire practice religious tolerance? Why did the Mongol Empire practice religious tolerance? What did Ong Khan convert to Nestorian Christianity? What did modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica? What do modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica? What did modern Mongolian historians say was the aim of creating a civil state under the Great Yassa? What do modern Mongolian historians say about Khan's attempt to create a civil state? Why did Genghis Khan invite a Khitan prince? How did Genghis Khan realise he needed people to govern cities and states? Why did Genghis Khan invite a Khitan prince? What did Genghis Khan say he had avenged Chu'Tsai's forefathers? What did Genghis Khan do to his generals? What did Genghis Khan allow the generals to make decisions on their own? What did Genghis Khan do to his generals? What did Genghis Khan allow his generals to make decisions on their own? How did Genghis Khan expect unwavering loyalty from his generals? What did the Mongol military do to capturing cities? What did the Mongol military do to capturing cities? What tactic did the Mongol military use to lure small enemy groups away from the larger group? What did the Mongol military do to help capture cities? When did the Mongol Empire stretch from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan? At the time of Genghis Khan's death, what did the Mongol Empire stretch from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan? How did Genghis Khan's expansion reach its peak? What happened to the Mongol Empire after Genghis' death? What is Genghis Khan credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment? What is Genghis Khan credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment? What has some historians noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritocracy in his rule? How did Genghis Khan bring the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment? What was Genghis Khan's perception during the Mongolian People's Republic period? What is Genghis Khan looked upon positively by Mongolians for his role in uniting warring tribes? How is Genghis Khan looked upon by Mongolians for his role in uniting warring tribes? What is a chasm in the perception of Genghis Khan's brutality? What do Mongolians say about Genghis Khan? What is the name of Genghis Khan? Where is Genghis Khan's name endorsed? What is the name of Genghis Khan's main international airport? What has been discussed about the use of Genghis Khan's name and image to avoid trivialization? What is the name of the main international airport in Mongolia? What is the name of the Ikh Zasag law? What was the name of the Ikh Zasag law? What was the name of the Ikh Zasag law? What is the name of the Ikh Zasag law? What is the view of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China? What is the view of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China? What was Genghis Khan's view of the Yuan dynasty credited with re-uniting China? What was Genghis Khan's view of the Yuan dynasty credited with re-uniting China? What did Genghis Khan's grandson do to the Yuan dynasty? What is Genghis Khan condemned as a destructive and genocidal warlord? What did Steven R. Ward say Iran's population did not reach its pre-Mongol levels until the mid-20th century? What did Steven R. Ward say Iran's population did not reach its pre-Mongol levels until the mid-20th century? What happened to the southern Khuzestan? What happened to the southern Khuzestan? What happened to the southern Khuzestan? When did Batu Khan launch an invasion into Kievan Rus? What happened to the Mongols in 1237? What did the Mughal emperors distance themselves from? What did the Mughal emperors distance themselves from? What did the Mughal emperors distance themselves from? What did the Mongols call tenggis? What did the Mongols call tenggis? What did the Mongols call Genghis tenggis? What did the Mongols call tenggis? What did the Mongols believe the 13th century Mongolian pronunciation would have closely matched the Chinggis? What is the term for Temüjin? What is the name of Genghis Khan? How is Temüjin written in Chinese? What is the name of Genghis Khan? What is the name of Genghis Khan? What is the name of the word pharma? What is the name of the pharma that was referred to as apothecary? What is the root word for pharma? What is the name of the Greek word pharmakeia? What is the Greek word apothecary? What is a small-business proprietor of a pharmacy? What is a small-business proprietor of a pharmacy? What do pharmacists play an important role in optimisation of a drug treatment for an individual? What are small-business proprietors who own the pharmacy in which they practice? What is a small-business proprietor of a pharmacy? What is the name of a pharmacy technician in the UK? What is the governing body for pharmacy health care professionals? What is the GPhC? What is the name of a pharmacy technician in the UK? What is the role of a PhT in the UK? What was Diocles of Carystus famous for writing a five volume book in the 1st century AD? What is Pedanius Dioscorides famous for writing a five volume book? What was the name of the book written by Pedanius Dioscorides? What was Diocles of Carystus one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants? What is Pedanius Dioscorides famous for writing a five volume book? When were the men who fulfilled roles similar to the modern pharmacists highly respected? What was the place of pharmacists in society defined in the Taih Code? How were the positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court established? What was the status of pharmacists in the Imperial household? In the Imperial household, the pharmacist was even ranked above the two personal physicians of the Emperor? What did Muhammad ibn Zakarya Rzi promote? What did Muhammad ibn Zakarya Rzi promote? What did Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi do? What did Al-Muwaffaq do in the field of pharmacology? What did Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi do? What is the name of the oldest pharmacies in Europe? What is the name of the oldest pharmacy in Europe? What is the name of the oldest pharmacy in Europe? What is the name of the medieval pharmacy in Llvia? What is the name of the oldest pharmacy in Europe? Where is the dispensary subject to pharmacy legislation? What has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians? How are pharmacists more dependent on automation? How are pharmacists more dependent on automation? Where is the dispensary subject to pharmacy legislation? Why are pharmacists often referred to as clinical pharmacists? What are pharmacists often referred to as? Why are pharmacists often referred to as clinical pharmacists? Why are pharmacists often referred to as clinical pharmacists? What type of pharmacies can be found within the premises of the hospital? What is the most common type of medication in a hospital? What have hospitals decided to outsource high risk preparations to companies who specialize in compounding? What makes it imperative that hospital pharmacies perform at the highest level? What type of medications can be found within the premises of the hospital? What do clinical pharmacists do? What did the clinical pharmacy movement begin inside hospitals and clinics? What did the clinical pharmacy movement begin inside hospitals and clinics? What is a part of the interdisciplinary approach to patient care? What did the clinical pharmacy movement begin inside hospitals and clinics? What is the role of the clinical pharmacist? What does the review process often involve an evaluation of the appropriateness of the drug therapy and its efficacy? What does the review process often involve an evaluation of the appropriateness of the drug therapy? What is the role of the pharmacist? Where are ambulatory care pharmacists given full independent prescribing authority? In what states are ambulatory care pharmacists given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority? What did the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approve ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification? What is the official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam? Where are ambulatory care pharmacists given full independent prescribing authority? What does Consultant pharmacists focus on? What does consultant pharmacists typically work in nursing homes? What are some of the largest pharmacy management companies in the US? What are some of the large pharmacy management companies in the US? What do some community pharmacies do? How long have Internet pharmacies been established? What is the primary difference in the method by which the medications are requested and received? What is another name for online pharmacies? What is the primary difference between online pharmacies and community pharmacies? What is the primary difference between brick-and-mortar pharmacies and community pharmacies? Why do Internet pharmacies sell prescription drugs without requiring a prescription? What has been criticized as potentially dangerous by those who feel that only doctors can reliably assess contraindications, risk/benefit ratios, and an individual's overall suitability for use of a medication? What has been criticized as potentially dangerous by those who feel that only doctors can reliably assess contraindications, risk/benefit ratios, and an individual's overall suitability for use of a medication? What do some Internet pharmacies sell without requiring a prescription? What do some Internet pharmacies sell without requiring a prescription? What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? What does the filling pharmacy have a responsibility to ensure that a prescription is valid? What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? What has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries to reduce consumer costs? What has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries to reduce consumer costs? What is a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries to reduce consumer costs? Why is there no known case of any U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription? What has been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries to reduce consumer costs? What is pharmacy informatics? What is pharmacy informatics? What is pharmacy informatics growing quickly to meet the needs of major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals? What is pharmacy informatics growing quickly to meet the needs of major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals? What is pharmacy informatics growing quickly to meet the needs of major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals? What type of medications do specialty pharmacies carry? What is the fastest growing sector of the pharmaceutical industry? What type of medications do specialty pharmacies supply? What type of medications do specialty pharmacies carry? What is the fastest growing sector of the pharmaceutical industry? How are pharmacists regulated in most jurisdictions? How are pharmacists regulated in most jurisdictions? What does the AMA Code of Ethics mean? What percentage of American physicians reportedly dispense drugs on their own? Why are pharmacists regulated separately from physicians? What is the minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy? What does the law require that the GP practice be located in a designated rural area? What does the law require that the GP practice be located in a designated rural area? What is the minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy? What is the reason for the majority rule? What is the reason for the majority rule? What is the reason for the majority rule? What is the reason for the majority rule? What does self-interest conflict with the patient's interest in obtaining cost-effective medication? How are pharmacists expected to be compensated for their patient care skills? What are pharmacists expected to become more integral in the health care system? What is MTM? What is MTM? What is the result of MTM? What do pharmacists in Australia receive remuneration for conducting comprehensive Home Medicines Reviews? What has happened to pharmacists in Australia? Why are pharmacists being paid for in the United Kingdom? In the US, pharmaceutical care has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy? What has a changing influence on the practice of pharmacy in the United States? What are the two symbols most commonly associated with pharmacy in English-speaking countries? What was the show globe used until the early 20th century? What is one of the most common symbols of pharmacy in English-speaking countries? What is the name of the red letter A in Germany and Austria? What are the two symbols most commonly associated with pharmacy in English-speaking countries? What is the immune system? What does the immune system do to protect against disease? What does the immune system do in humans? What does the immune system separate from the neuroimmune system? What is the immune system? What does the immune system do to protect against disease? What does the immune system do in humans? What is the immune system? What does the immune system do to protect against disease? What does the immune system separate from the neuroimmune system? What does the immune system separate from the neuroimmune system? What does the immune system do to protect against disease? What does the immune system do in humans? What is a subsystem of the immune system? What does the immune system separate from the neuroimmune system? How can a pathogen rapidly evolve and adapt? What have multiple defense mechanisms evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens? What are some of the basic immune mechanisms that evolved in ancient eukaryotes? What is the basis of vaccination? What have multiple defense mechanisms evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens? What are some of the basic immune mechanisms that evolved in ancient eukaryotes? What is the basis of acquired immunity? What is the basis of vaccination? What are some common autoimmune diseases? What happens when the immune system is less active than normal? What happens when the immune system is less active than normal? What can immunodeficiency occur when the immune system is less active than normal? What are some common autoimmune diseases? What happens when the immune system is less active than normal? What can autoimmunity result from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms? What is a common autoimmune disease? What can immunodeficiency occur when the immune system is less active than normal? What was the earliest known reference to immunity during the plague of Athens? What did Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis make experiments with scorpion venom? What did Pasteur exploit in his development of vaccination and his proposed germ theory of disease? What was the cause of the yellow fever virus? What was the name of Robert Pasteur's theory of disease? What was Pasteur's theory in opposition to the miasma theory? What was the earliest known reference to immunity during the plague of Athens in 430 BC? What was the earliest known reference to immunity during the plague of Athens? What does the immune system do when a pathogen breaches the innate immune system? What does the innate immune system provide when a pathogen breaches these barriers? What happens when a pathogen breaches the innate immune system? What does the innate immune system provide if a pathogen breaches these barriers? What happens when a pathogen breaches the innate immune system? What does the immune system do when a pathogen breaches the innate immune system? How does the immune system protect organisms from infection? What does immunity depend on the immune system's ability to distinguish between self and non-self molecules? What does immunity depend on the immune system's ability to distinguish between self and non- self molecules? What does immunity depend on the immune system's ability to distinguish between self and non-self molecules? What is one class of non-self molecules called antigens? What is one class of non-self molecules called antigens? What is the innate response triggered when microorganisms are identified by pattern recognition receptors? What is the innate response triggered when microbes are identified by pattern recognition receptors? What is the innate response triggered when microbes are identified by pattern recognition receptors? What does the innate immune system do not confer long-lasting immunity against a pathogen? What are some barriers that protect organisms from infection? What are some barriers that protect organisms from infection? What do coughing and sneezing mechanically eject pathogens from the respiratory tract? What does the flushing of tears and urine mechanically expels pathogens from the respiratory tract? What does the flushing of tears and urine mechanically expels pathogens from the respiratory tract? What are lysozyme and phospholipase A2? What are lysozyme and phospholipase A2 also antibacterials? What are lysozyme and phospholipase A2? What do gastric acid and proteases serve as powerful chemical defenses against ingested pathogens? What are lysozyme and phospholipase A2? What does commensal flora serve as biological barriers? What does re-introduction of probiotic flora help restore a healthy balance of microbial populations? What is a good evidence that re-introduction of probiotic flora helps restore a healthy balance of microbial populations? What does commensal flora serve as biological barriers? What is inflammation one of the first responses of the immune system to infection? Inflammation is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection? Inflammation is produced by eicosanoids and cytokines? What are eicosanoids and cytokines released by injured or infected cells? Inflammation is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection? What is an important feature of cellular innate immunity performed by phagocytes? What is the main feature of phagocytes? What happens when a pathogen is engulfed by a phagocyte? What happens when a pathogen is engulfed by a phagocyte? What is the oldest form of host defense? What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens? What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens? What is the most abundant type of phagocyte? What is the most abundant type of phagocyte? What are Macrophages? What is the second arm of the innate immune system? What is the second arm of the innate immune system? What are innate cells important mediators in the activation of the adaptive immune system? What are the innate leukocytes? What is the name of the phagocytes that are located in the skin, nose, lungs, and intestines? What are Dendritic cells named for? What do dendritic cells serve as a link between the bodily tissues and the innate and adaptive immune systems? What do dendritic cells serve as a link between the bodily tissues and the innate and adaptive immune systems? What does NK cells destroy? What are NK cells? What is the term for cells with low levels of a cell-surface marker called MHC I? Why are NK cells not recognized by NK cells? What does the adaptive immune system allow for? What does the adaptive immune system require the recognition of specific "non-self" antigens during a process called antigen presentation? What does antigen specificity allow for the generation of responses that are tailored to specific pathogens or pathogen-infected cells? What are the two major subtypes of T cells? What are the two major subtypes of T cells? What do regulatory T cells have a role in modulating immune response? What do regulatory T cells have a role in modulating immune response? What are the minor subtypes of T cells that recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors? What is a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are otherwise damaged or dysfunctional? How are Killer T cells activated? How are Killer T cells activated? What is important in preventing the replication of viruses? What happens when an activated T cell releases cytotoxins? What does CD4 co-receptor recruit molecules inside the T cell that are responsible for the T cell's activation? What does the CD4 co-receptor recruit molecules inside the T cell that are responsible for the T cell's activation? What does the CD4 co-receptor recruit molecules inside the T cell that are responsible for the T cell's activation? What does the activation of a resting helper T cell cause it to release cytokines that influence the activity of many cell types? What does CD154 mean? What do Gamma delta T cells share the characteristics of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells? What do Gamma delta T cells share the characteristics of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells? What do Gamma delta T cells share the characteristics of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells? What do T cells straddle the border between innate and adaptive immunity? What is one of the reasons for the lack of a T cell receptor? What does a B cell identifie when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen? What happens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen? What does the combination of MHC and antigen attract a matching helper T cell? When do some of their offspring become long-lived memory cells? What is adaptive because it occurs during the lifetime of an individual as an adaptation to infection with a pathogen? What can be a form of a passive short-term memory or active long-term memory? What happens to memory cells during the lifetime of an animal? What are newborn infants particularly vulnerable to infection? What is the name of the type of antibody that is transported from mother to baby directly across the placenta? What is passive immunity because the fetus does not actually make any memory cells or antibodies? What is passive immunity? What are female sex hormones known as? What are female sex hormones known as? What are female sex hormones known as? What do male sex hormones seem to be immunosuppressive? How can NFIL3 be affected by natural light and dark cycles? What can NFIL3 lead to an increase in chronic conditions? When can active immunizations have a diminished effect? What is conjectured that a progressive decline in hormone levels with age is partially responsible for weakened immune responses in aging individuals? What is the cause of the decline in immune function in the elderly? How are some hormones regulated by the immune system? Why do people stay indoors more? What is the main response of the immune system to tumors? What is the main response of the immune system to tumors? What is the main response of the immune system to tumors? What is the main response of the immune system to tumors? What do plants lack phagocytic cells? What do individual plant cells respond to when a part of a plant becomes infected? When a plant becomes infected, the plant produces a localized hypersensitive response to prevent the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant? What is SAR? What do plants use to block virus replication? What does the immune system fail to properly distinguish between self and non-self? How does the immune system attack part of the body? What is one of the functions of specialized cells? What do many T cells and antibodies react with "self" peptides? What happens when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive? What happens when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive? What happens when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive? What are the main causes of immunodeficiency in developing countries? What is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in developing countries? How is active memory acquired after infection? What is immunization? What is the principle behind vaccination? What is the principle behind immunization? How do bacteria overcome physical barriers by using a type II secretion system? What is one way that a pathogen can shut down host defenses? What are proteins used to shut down host defenses? What does the success of a pathogen depend on? When was the clonal selection theory of immunity formulated? What was the clonal selection theory of immunity? What did Burnet's theory change to reflect new discoveries about histocompatibility and the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells? When was the clonal selection theory of immunity formulated? What are the most powerful anti-inflammatory drugs? What drugs are used to control the effects of inflammation? What are some of the drugs that are used in conjunction with anti-inflammatory drugs? What is one of the benefits of cyclosporin? What is one theory that the pro-inflammatory state is reserved for sleep time? What are two theories of why the pro-inflammatory state is reserved for sleep time? What is one theory that the pro-inflammatory state is reserved for sleep time? What is one theory that the pro-inflammatory state is reserved for sleep time? When does the T-cell extend a vitamin D receptor? What is a signaling device that allows the T-cell to bind to the active form of vitamin D? What do T-cells have a symbiotic relationship with vitamin D? What do T-cells have a symbiotic relationship with vitamin D? What does the T-cell express the gene CYP27B1? What are defensins? What are defensins? What is the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity? What is the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity? What are some of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system that exist only in jawed vertebrates? What are some of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system found in jawed vertebrates? What type of molecule has been discovered in primitive jawless vertebrates? What did the evolution of the adaptive immune system occur in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates? What is likely to happen to a multicomponent immune system with the first vertebrates? What are the mechanisms that appear to be precursors of vertebrate immunity? What are the mechanisms that appear to be precursors of vertebrate immunity? What is a unique defense mechanism that allows bacteria to protect themselves from viral pathogens? When was the battle between "cellular" and "humoral" theories of immunity? What was the battle between cellular andhumoral theories of immunity? What was the battle between "cellular" and "humoral" theories of immunity? What is the humoral theory of immunity? What is the humoral theory of immunity? How do some tumors evade the immune system? Why do tumors become cancers? What do some tumor cells release products that inhibit the immune response? What do some tumor cells release products that inhibit the immune response? What is the name of the immune response that damages the body's own tissues? What are the four classes of hypersensitivity? What are the four classes of hypersensitivity? What happens when antibodies bind to antigens on the patient's own cells? What happens when antibodies bind to antigens on the patient's own cells? What is an evasion strategy used by several pathogens to avoid the innate immune system? What are some examples of intracellular pathogens? What are some examples of intracellular pathogens? What type of bacteria live inside a protective capsule that prevents lysis by complement? What are some of the examples of intracellular pathogens? What is the simplest approach to evade the adaptive immune system? What is the simplest approach to evade the adaptive immune system? What is a common strategy for avoiding detection by the immune system? What is an example of a virus that mutates rapidly? What is another important role of the immune system? What is another important role of the immune system? What is one example of an enzyme called tyrosinase that transforms certain skin cells into tumors called melanomas? What is one example of an enzyme called tyrosinase that transforms certain skin cells into tumors called melanomas? What does tyrosinase transform certain skin cells into tumors? What can provoke a neutralizing immune response? What has been used to predict the immunogenicity of peptides and proteins? What is the name of the study of large sets of proteins involved in the immune response? What has been established for the cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens known to be recognizable by B cells? What is the name of the emerging field of bioinformatics-based studies of immunogenicity? What are the effects of sleep and the intertwined circadian system? What are the effects of sleep and the intertwined circadian system? What are the effects of sleep and the intertwined circadian system? What is the effect of sleep and the intertwined circadian system on immunological functions? How is the response activated in humans? What is the result of a catalytic cascade? What is a result of signal amplification? What is the result of a catalytic cascade that amplifies the initial signal by controlled positive feedback? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience? What is the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What is the first modern statement of the principle of nonviolent protest? What was the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What was Shelley's philosophy of nonviolent protest influenced by? What was the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What is the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What is the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What is the first modern statement of the principle of nonviolent protest? What was the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What was the first modern statement of nonviolent protest? What is the term "civil disobedience" used to describe? What has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official? What has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has always suffered from ambiguity? What has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has always suffered from ambiguity? What has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has always suffered from ambiguity? What has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official? What has been used to describe the activities of muggers, arsonists, draft evaders and political assassins? What is the term "civil disobedience" used to describe? What has been argued that the term "civil disobedience" has always suffered from ambiguity? What is LeGrande's view of a single all-encompassing definition of the term? What is LeGrande's view of a single all-encompassing definition of the term? What does LeGrande encourage a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience? What does LeGrande say about the definition of civil disobedience? What does LeGrande find specific terminology has no more meaning than the individual orator intends it to have? What is LeGrande's view of a single all-encompassing definition of the term? What does LeGrande say about the definition of civil disobedience? What does LeGrande say about the definition of civil disobedience? What does LeGrande encourage a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience? What does LeGrande encourage a distinction between lawful protest demonstration, non violent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience? What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? What is civil disobedience? What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? What is civil disobedience? What is civil disobedience? What is civil disobedience? What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? What is Thoreau's political philosophy disputed? What was Thoreau's political philosophy? What does Thoreau's political philosophy disputed? What was Thoreau's political philosophy? What is Thoreau's political philosophy? Who is the final judge of right and wrong? What does Thoreau say the individual is the final judge of right and wrong? What is Thoreau's political philosophy disputed? What was Thoreau's political philosophy? What does Thoreau's political philosophy disputed? What do some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities? What does Brownlee argue that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system? What does Brownlee argue that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system? What does Brownlee argue that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system? What does Brownlee argue that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system? What do some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities? What do some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities? What does Brownlee argue that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system? What does Stephen Eilmann believe is necessary to do to disobedience? What does Stephen Eilmann argue that disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience? What does the Fully Informed Jury Association's publication "A Primer for Prospective Jurors" say about the dilemma faced by German citizens? In what book did Puah and Shiphrah refuse a direct order of Pharaoh? What is the definition of civil disobedience that could be traced back to the Book of Exodus? What does Stephen Eilmann believe is necessary to do to disobedience? What does Stephen Eilmann argue that disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience? What does Stephen Eilmann argue that disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience? What does the book "A Primer for Prospective Jurors" say about disobedience? What did the Fully Informed Jury Association say about the dilemma faced by German citizens in the Book of Exodus? What does Black's Law Dictionary include non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience? What does Black's Law Dictionary include non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience? What does Christian Bay's encyclopedia article state that civil disobedience requires "carefully chosen and legitimate means"? What does Black's Law Dictionary say that civil disobedience requires "carefully chosen and legitimate means"? What does Black's Law Dictionary include non-violent in its definition of civil disobedience? What does Black's Law Dictionary include non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience? What does Christian Bay's encyclopedia article state that civil disobedience requires "carefully chosen and legitimate means"? What does Christian Bay's encyclopedia article state that civil disobedience requires "carefully chosen and legitimate means"? What does Black's Law Dictionary say that civil disobedience requires "carefully chosen and legitimate means"? What is a revolutionary civil disobedience? What has been claimed that the Hungarians directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government? What has been claimed that the Hungarians directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government? What have Gandhi's acts been described as revolutionary civil disobedience? What is a revolutionary civil disobedience? What is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged "wrong" by an individual conscience? What is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged "wrong" by an individual conscience? What is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged "wrong" by an individual conscience? What is a revolutionary civil disobedience? What has been described as revolutionary civil disobedience? What were the earliest incidents of collective civil disobedience? What did the earliest incidents of collective civil disobedience take place during the Roman Empire? What happened to Thoreau at the time of his arrest? What happened to Thoreau's essay after the end of the Mexican War? What happened to Thoreau's essay? What were the earliest incidents of collective civil disobedience? What did the earliest incidents of collective civil disobedience take place during the Roman Empire? What is a form of jail solidarity? What is a form of jail solidarity? What happened to Thoreau's essay? What does Bedau say about civil disobedients? What does Bedau believe the harmlessness of illegal protests may serve a propaganda purpose? What do some civil disobedients believe may serve a propaganda purpose? What did Julia Butterfly Hill do? What did Julia Butterfly Hill do? What does Bedau say about civil disobedients? What is a nuisance of civil disobedience? What does Bedau believe the harmlessness of illegal protests may serve a propaganda purpose? What do some civil disobedients believe may serve a propaganda purpose? What did Julia Butterfly Hill do? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies? How can civil disobedience consist of engaging in forbidden speech? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government? In what case can civil disobedience consist of engaging in forbidden speech? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government? What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies? What are some forms of civil disobedience? What did the Plowshares organization use sickles to deflate one of the large domes? What did the Plowshares organization use sickles to deflate one of the large domes? What does Brownlee believe that civil disobedients may find it necessary to employ limited coercion to get their issue onto the table? What does Brownlee believe that civil disobedients might be considered coercive? What are some forms of civil disobedience? What does Brownlee believe that civil disobedients may find it necessary to employ limited coercion to get their issue onto the table? What does Brownlee believe that civil disobedients may find it necessary to employ limited coercion to get their issue onto the table? What did the Plowshares organization use sickles to deflate one of the large domes? How do civil disobedience cases arise? What do civil disobedience cases do? What is generally agreed within the legal community that a suspect's talking to criminal investigators can serve no useful purpose? What have some civil disobedients found it hard to resist responding to investigators' questions? What do some civil disobedients seek to use the arrest as an opportunity to make an impression on the officers? What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract? What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract? What do some civil disobedients still don't believe in the legitimacy of their particular government? What are some civil disobedients who favor the existence of government still don't believe in the legitimacy of their particular government? What do some civil disobedients see no need to accept punishment for a violation of criminal law that does not infringe the rights of others? What is an important decision for civil disobedients? What is an important decision for civil disobedients? What does ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook say a civil disobedient is proud of? What does ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook say a civil disobedient is proud of? What is an important decision for civil disobedients? When did the protesters attempt to enter the test site? When were the protesters tempted to enter the test site? When did the protesters attempt to enter the test site? What was the name of the protesters who were arraigned for trial in 1957? What did the protesters do? What does Howard Zinn say protesters choose to go to jail as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice? What does Howard Zinn say protesters choose to go to jail as a way of reminding their countrymen of injustice? How should the spirit of protest be maintained? How should the spirit of protest be maintained? What is the case of the Camden 28, in which the defendants were offered an opportunity to plead guilty to one misdemeanor count and receive no jail time? What is the case of the Camden 28, in which the defendants were offered an opportunity to plead guilty to one misdemeanor count and receive no jail time? What do activists use solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone? What do some activists use solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone? Who pleaded guilty to the Camden 28? What do some civil disobedience defendants choose to make a defiant speech in allocution? What do some civil disobedience defendants choose to make a defiant speech in allocution? What did the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit suggest? What was the reason for the increase in the sentence of Burgos-Andujar? What did some of the protesters complain about mistreatment from government officials? What does Steven Barkan say if defendants plead not guilty? What does Steven Barkan say if defendants plead not guilty? What does Steven Barkan say if defendants plead not guilty? When did the Chicago Eight use a political defense? How do some civil disobedients seek jury nullification? What is one theory that disobedience would undermine the law by encouraging general disobedience? What is one theory that disobedience would undermine the law by encouraging general disobedience? What has been argued that breaking the law for self-gratification is not civil disobedience? What does Michael Bayles argue is not civil disobedience? What is one theory that disobedience would undermine the law by encouraging general disobedience? What are the two types of civil disobedience? What type of civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law? What has been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients during the Vietnam War? What have courts curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense? What is one type of civil disobedience? What is a major goal of criminal punishment? What does Hoffmann say is important in deciding whether to impose punishment? What is a major goal of criminal punishment? What is the main goal of criminal punishment? What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure? What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure? What is the gross domestic product of developed countries? What is Construction as an industry comprised of six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries? What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure? What does a large-scale construction require collaboration across multiple disciplines? What does a large-scale construction require collaboration across multiple disciplines? What is essential for the successful execution of a project? What are the largest construction projects referred to as megaprojects? What is essential for the successful execution of a project? What are the three sectors of construction? What are the three sectors of construction? What are the three sectors of construction? What are the three sectors of construction? What are the three sectors of construction? What is the name of the trade magazine for the construction industry? What is ENR? In 2014, ENR compiled the data in nine market segments? What did ENR use to rank firms as heavy contractors? What is a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction? What is the classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction? What are the three subsectors of the North American Industry Classification System? What are the three subsectors of the North American Industry Classification System? What is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings? What is the majority of building construction jobs? How does the owner of a property act as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project? What is a common element of building construction? What are some of the reasons for building construction? What do the materials readily available in the area generally dictate the construction materials used? What do materials readily available in the area dictate the construction materials used? What is a major factor in the cost of construction on a per square meter basis? What is the cost of construction on a per square meter basis based on site conditions, local regulations, and the availability of skilled tradespeople? What is a form of additive building construction? What is building printing making it possible to flexibly construct small commercial buildings and private habitations in around 20 hours? What is the name of Janjaap Ruijssenaars's performative architecture 3D-printed building? What is the name of Janjaap Ruijssenaars's performative architecture 3D-printed building? What is a formal design team usually assembled to plan the physical proceedings? In the modern industrialized world, what type of construction involves the translation of designs into reality? What is the most commonly employed design team in the modern industrialized world? How is the design team most commonly employed by the property owner? What does a design team usually do to the most cost efficient bidder? What is the modern trend in design? What is the modern trend in design? What is a "design build" contract? What is a "design build" contract? How can the owner integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors? What does each of the project structures allow the owner to integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors throughout design and construction? What does each of the project structures allow the owner to integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors throughout design and construction? What happens when builders ask for too little money to complete the project? What happens when builders ask for too little money to complete the project? What happens when builders ask for too little money to complete the project? What is a problem in many fields? What are mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project? What are mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project? What do Accountants do to study the expected monetary flow over the life of the project? What do accountants and cost engineers apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation? What do accountants and accountants apply to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation? What does a project that fails to adhere to codes not benefit the owner? What does a project that fails to adhere to codes not benefit the owner? What do some legal requirements come from malum in se considerations? What are some legal requirements for a project that fails to adhere to codes? What are some legal requirements for a project that fails to adhere to codes? What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations? What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations? What is the cost of a delay in a construction project? How are contracts designed to ensure that each side is capable of performing the obligations set out? What are contracts designed to ensure that each side is capable of performing the obligations set out? What is a growing number of new forms of procurement that involve relationship contracting? What are some of the new forms of procurement that involve relationship contracting? What are some of the new forms of procurement that involve relationship contracting? What is the focus on co-operation? What is the most common method of construction procurement? What is the most common method of construction procurement? What is a direct contractual relationship between the architect's client and the main contractor? What is a direct contractual relationship between the architect's client and the main contractor? What is the main contractual relationship between the architect and the main contractor? What does the owner of a project give an overall view of the project's goals? What does the owner of a project give an overall view of the project's goals? What does the owner of a project give an overall view of the project's goals? How do D&B contractors work together? When do D&B contractors begin building the first phase of the project? How are contractors typically required to verify and have existing utility lines marked? What is a benefit to a contractor in the construction of a building? What is a benefit to a contractor in the construction of a building? What does the municipal building inspector inspect the building periodically to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and the local building code? What does the municipal building inspector inspect to ensure that the construction adheres to the approved plans and local building code? How much is the industry in 2014? How much is the industry in 2014? How much is the industry in the United States? How much is the industry in the United States? How many women were employed in the construction industry as of 2011? What is the average salary for a professional in the construction industry in the Middle East? What is the average salary for a professional in the construction industry in the Middle East? What is the average salary in the Middle East? What is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world? What is one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers? What are some of the major causes of fatalities in the construction industry? What is one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers? What are private schools also known as? What are private schools also known as? What are private schools also known as? What are private schools also known as? What does private education in North America cover? What does private education in North America cover? What does the term 'tuition-free' mean? What does private education in North America cover the whole gamut of educational activity? What is the secondary level of schools? What is the secondary level of schools? What type of schools are in the secondary level? What are some of the factors that make up private secondary schools? What does high tuition mean? What are parochial schools? What are some religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector? What are some private schools that teach religious education? What are some schools that offer the removal of the purported distractions of co-education? Why are private schools in Australia more expensive than their public counterparts? What are private schools in Australia often more expensive than their public counterparts? What are some of the best known independent schools viewed as 'elite schools'? What are some of the 'grammar schools' also viewed as 'elite schools'? What are some of the 'grammar schools' also viewed as 'elite schools'? What are some of the 'grammar schools' also viewed as 'elite schools'? What is not possible to abolish the right to create private schools in Germany? Why was the right to create private schools in Germany not possible to be abolished? What was the percentage of pupils in private high schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008? What percentage of students in private high schools in Germany increased from 1992 to 2008? What was the percentage of pupils in private schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008? What does Ersatzschulen lack the freedom to operate outside of government regulation? What is the name of the primary or secondary schools that are run by private individuals, private organizations, or religious groups? What does the Grundgesetz forbid segregation of pupils according to their parents? What is the name of the secondary or post-secondary schools? What type of schools are not part of the German dual education system? What does Ergänzungsschulen have the freedom to operate outside of government regulation? What is the name of the secondary or post-secondary schools? What are private schools called in India? What are the most prominent Examination Boards that are present in multiple states? What has resulted in 30 different Examination Boards? What is the power of the union government and the state governments to govern schools? How can non-profits run schools in India? What does ASER mean? What has ASER been reporting poorer academic achievement in government schools? What has ASER been reporting poorer academic achievement in government schools? What is a key difference between the government and private schools? What is the name of the private school in Ireland? Why are private schools unusual in Ireland? What is the average fee for private schools in Ireland? What are the fees for private schools in Ireland? What is the average fee for private schools in Ireland? When did the government instruct all schools to surrender their properties and be assimilated into the National School system? What caused the uproar among the Chinese? How are Chinese secondary schools required to change into National Type schools? When did the government instruct all schools to surrender their properties and be assimilated into the National School system? How many Chinese secondary schools were required to change into National Type schools? What are the private schools that accept government funds called? What are the 'aided' schools? How are private schools categorized as private schools? What is the name of the public school in Kathmandu? What is the name of the public school in Kathmandu? How many private schools are in New Zealand as of April 2014? How many private schools are in New Zealand as of April 2014? How many private schools have been in decline since the mid-1970s? What was the largest decline in private school numbers between 1979 and 1984? What was the largest decline in private schools in New Zealand between 1979 and 1984? What type of private schools are often Anglican? What is the name of the group of private schools that are run as a business? What is the name of the group of private schools that are run as a business? What type of private schools are often anglican? What is the name of the private school that is operated by the Catholic schismatic group? What has the private sector been a major provider of educational services in the Philippines? What has the private sector been a major provider of educational services in the Philippines? What has the private sector been a major provider of educational services in the Philippines? What has the government given private education more flexibility and autonomy in recent years? What has the government given private education more flexibility and autonomy in recent years? What does the Education Service Contracting scheme of the government provide financial assistance for? What is the Tuition Fee Supplement? What is the Tuition Fee Supplement? What is the name of the South African Schools Act of 1996? What is the name of the South African Schools Act of 1996? What was the name of the South African Schools Act of 1996? What is the name of the South African Schools Act of 1996? What are some of the oldest schools in South Africa? What did the term "Model C" continue to be used to describe government schools formerly reserved for white children? What does the term "Model C" continue to be used to describe government schools formerly reserved for white children? What is the term used to describe government schools formerly reserved for white children? How many Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008? What is the name of the biggest school chain in Sweden? What is the name of the biggest school chain in Sweden? What is the name of the biggest school chain in Sweden? What is the name of the innovative school voucher model that provides Swedish pupils with the opportunity to choose the school they prefer? What are public schools in the UK called? What are private schools also known as? What is the name of the public school in the UK? What are public schools in the UK called? What are the fees for private schools in the UK? In 1954, what did the local families organize a wave of private "Christian academies"? What happened to the segregation academies in the 1970s? Where did many white students migrate to the academies? What did the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka want to do? What did the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka want to do? What type of funding is generally provided for private schools? What does the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment mean? What does the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment mean? What does the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment mean? What has been debated by educators, lawmakers and parents since the beginnings of compulsory education in Massachusetts in 1852? What has been debated by educators, lawmakers and parents since the beginnings of compulsory education in Massachusetts in 1852? What does the Supreme Court precedent appear to favor educational choice? What does the Supreme Court precedent appear to favor educational choice? What is the name of the Supreme Court case law on private schooling in the United States? What did private schools in the US charge in 2012? What did private schools in the US charge in 2012? What did the Groton School have? What did the Groton School have? What was Harvard's first chartered corporation? When did Harvard become coeducational? What was the name of the founding member of the Association of American Universities? What was the name of the founding member of the Association of American Universities? What was the name of the long tenure that led to Harvard becoming a modern research university? What does Harvard's large endowment allow it to offer generous financial aid packages? What does Harvard's large endowment allow it to offer generous financial aid packages? What does Harvard's large endowment allow it to offer generous financial aid packages? What is the name of Harvard's alumni? How many Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Harvard? What is the largest financial endowment of Harvard? What is the largest financial endowment of Harvard? What is the largest financial endowment of Harvard? What is the largest financial endowment of Harvard? What is the largest financial endowment of Harvard? What did the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony vote for? What did the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony vote for? What was the name of the college at New Towne? What was the name of the college that was renamed after John Harvard? What was the name of the Harvard Corporation? What was the purpose of the College? What did the College offer a classic curriculum on the English university model but conformed Puritanism? What did the College offer a classic curriculum on the English university model but conformed Puritanism? How did Enlightenment ideas of the power of reason and free will become widespread in the 18th century? What happened to Henry Ware in 1805? What was the name of the battle between Henry Ware and Samuel Webber? When were the natural history lectures of Louis Agassiz acclaimed? What did Agassiz's view of science combine with intuition? What was the dual view of knowledge in concert with the teachings of Common Sense Realism? Who eliminated the favored position of Christianity from the curriculum? What was Charles W. Eliot's role in the secularization of American higher education? What were the Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions? What was Conant's view of higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented? What did James Bryant Conant see higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented? What was the resulting Report? How many women attended Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe? What happened to the proportion of female undergraduates in 1977? What happened to the proportion of female undergraduates in 1977? What is the main campus of Harvard? What is the name of the 12 residential Houses that are south of Harvard Yard? What is the main campus of Harvard? What is the name of the residential house in Harvard? What is the John W. Weeks Bridge? What is the John W. Weeks Bridge? What is the John W. Weeks Bridge? How much more land does Harvard own in Allston than in Cambridge? How much land does Harvard own in Allston? What is the purpose of the expansion of Allston? What is the name of the Harvard sports teams? What is the name of the Harvard sports teams? What is the name of the Harvard sports teams? How was the color unofficially adopted by the student body? What is the name of the Harvard Crimson? What happened to Harvard's endowment in 2011? What happened to Harvard's endowment in 2008-09? What happened to the loss of the Allston Science Complex in 2009? What was the largest endowment in the world? What was the largest endowment in the world? What happened to the "shantytown" on Harvard Yard? What happened to the South Africa movement in the late 1980s? Why did the Harvard Management Company reduce its South African holdings by $230 million? What is the record low acceptance rate among all national universities? What was the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities? What was the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities? What was the second lowest acceptance rate among all national universities? Between 1978 and 2008, what were students required to complete a core curriculum of seven classes outside of their concentration? What does Harvard offer a comprehensive doctoral graduate program? What does the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching say Harvard has a high level of coexistence between graduate and undergraduate degrees? What does Harvard's academic programs operate on a semester calendar? What do undergraduates have to maintain in order to be considered full-time? What is the name of the class that Harvard has a chapter of academic honor societies? What has happened to the number of students who receive Latin honors? What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-13 school year? What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-13 school year? What is the total cost of attendance for the 2012-13 school year? What did Harvard offer in 2009? What was the total cost of the 2012-13 school year? What is the largest academic library in the United States? What are the three most popular libraries for undergraduates to use? What is the oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases stored in the Pusey Library? What is the largest academic library in the United States? What is the name of the Harvard Art Museum? What is the name of the three Harvard Art Museums? What is the name of the Harvard Art Museum? What has Harvard been highly ranked by many university rankings? What has Harvard been highly ranked by many university rankings? What did the Princeton Review say Harvard was the second most commonly named "dream college"? What is the name of the NCAA Division I Ivy League? How does the Harvard Crimson compete in intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League? What is the oldest continuous international amateur competition in the world? What is the climax of the annual football meeting? What is the name of the first permanent reinforced concrete stadium in the country? What was the purpose of the new rules for the 1906 season? What was the purpose of the stadium's structure? What is the name of the Malkin Athletic Center? What is the Malkin Athletic Center? What is the Malkin Athletic Center? How old was the Harvard-Yale Regatta? When is the Harvard-Yale Regatta held? What is one of the top teams in the country in rowing? What was the name of the ice hockey team that won the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships in 2003? What is the name of the political party that is a member of the U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon? What is the name of the country's political leaders? What is the name of the country's political leaders? What is the name of the country's political leaders? What is the name of the group that is based in the United States? What is the name of the group that is based in the United States? What is the name of the group that is based in the United States? What is the name of the group that is based in the United States? What is the name of Harvard's faculty? What is the name of Harvard's faculty? What is the name of Harvard's faculty? What is Jacksonville's largest city by population in the U.S.? What is Jacksonville the principal city in the Jacksonville metropolitan area? What did the city government consolidate in 1968? What is Jacksonville's county seat? What is Jacksonville's county seat? What is the name of the area that is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River? What is the name of the area that is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River? The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast? The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast? What was the name of the platted town that was established in 1822? What is Jacksonville's third largest seaport? What is a major factor in Jacksonville's economy? What is Jacksonville's third largest seaport? What is the name of the people from Jacksonville called "Jaxsons"? How long has the modern city of Jacksonville been inhabited? How long has the area of Jacksonville been inhabited? How long has the area of Jacksonville been inhabited? What was the name of the Mocama subgroup of the Timucua people? What is the earliest recorded name for the area of Jacksonville? Why did Jean Ribault chart the St. Johns River in 1562? What did Ribault erected near present-day Jacksonville claiming the newly discovered land for France? What did Philip II order to protect the interest of Spain by attacking the French presence at Fort Caroline? What was the name of the fort San Mateo? What was the name of the first European settlement in 1564? What did the British build the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia? What did the British build the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia? What did the British build the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia? What did the British build the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia? What was the name of the town that was named after Andrew Jackson? When was Jacksonville a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause? What resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida? What resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida? What caused the Battle of Cedar Creek? What was the result of the Battle of Cedar Creek? When did Jacksonville and St. Augustine become popular winter resorts for the rich and famous? What event highlighted the visibility of Florida as a worthy place for tourism? Why was Jacksonville a worthy place for tourism? What was the cause of the yellow fever outbreak? What were the popular winter resorts for the rich and famous? What was the cause of the fire that ravaged Jacksonville in 1901? What was the result of the fire that ravaged Jacksonville in 1901? What did Governor Jennings do? What was the Great Fire of 1901? In the 1910s, what was the name of Jacksonville's silent film studios? What was the title of the "Winter Film Capital of the World"? What was the name of the Winter Film Capital of the World? What did the emergence of Hollywood as a major film production center end the city's film industry? Why did Jacksonville suffer from rapid urban sprawl after World War II? What was Jacksonville's most populous ethnic group? What did the development of suburbs and a subsequent wave of middle class "white flight" leave Jacksonville with a much poorer population than before? What was the result of the construction of a new city hall, civic auditorium, and public library? What did Jacksonville suffer from after World War II? How did Jacksonville's tax base dissipate? What was the cause of the annexation of the city's tax base? What did a study recommend that Jacksonville begin annexing outlying communities? What was the reason for the annexation of Jacksonville? When did corruption scandals arise? What happened to Jacksonville's officials after a grand jury was convened to investigate? What did Jacksonville Consolidation do in 1964? How did Jacksonville's public high schools lose accreditation in 1964? When was the Consolidated City of Jacksonville merged? What was the purpose of the consolidation referendum? What was the purpose of the consolidation referendum? What was the name of the Better Jacksonville Plan? What was the name of the Better Jacksonville Plan? What is the population of Jacksonville? What is the Trout River? What is the Trout River? What is the population of Jacksonville? What is the name of the city that surrounds Baldwin? What is the Bank of America Tower? What is the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville's skyline? What is the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville's skyline? What is the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville's skyline? What is the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville's skyline? What is the name of the humid subtropical climate in Jacksonville? What is the warmest months of Jacksonville? What is the name of the humid subtropical climate in Jacksonville? What is the reason that Jacksonville has a humid subtropical climate? What is the highest temperature recorded in the summer of 1879? What is the highest temperature recorded in the summer of 1879? How are thunderstorms caused by the rapid heating of the land? What is the average monthly temperature in the area? What was the strongest effect on Jacksonville? What was the strongest effect of Hurricane Dora? How did Tropical Storm Beryl affect Jacksonville? What was the strongest effect of Hurricane Dora? What was the strongest effect of Tropical Storm Fay on Jacksonville? What is Jacksonville's largest Filipino American community? What is Jacksonville's tenth-largest Arab population? What is Jacksonville's tenth largest Arab population? What is Jacksonville's largest Filipino American community? What percentage of households were made up of individuals? What percentage of households had children under the age of 18 living with them? What was the median age for every 100 females? What was the median age for every 100 females? What did the World Institute for Development Economics Research report about the richest people in the world in the year 2000? What was the total wealth of the "10 million dollar millionaires" in 2008? What did Oxfam say the top 1% of the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile? What did Oxfam say the wealthiest individuals own as much as the poorer half of the world's wealth? What is the term for a "silly argument"? What did the World Institute for Development Economics Research report about the richest people in the world in the year 2000? What do the richest people in the world possess more financial assets than the lowest 48 nations combined? What was the combined wealth of the "10 million dollar millionaires" in 2008? What does Oxfam say the richest people in the world have a combined wealth equal to the bottom 50% of the world's population? What did Oxfam say the wealthiest individuals own as much as the poorer half of the world's wealth? What does PolitiFact say the top 400 richest Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined? What does PolitiFact say the richest Americans have more wealth than the bottom 90 percent? What may inherited wealth help explain why many Americans have had a "substantial head start"? What does PolitiFact say the richest Americans have a "substantial head start"? What does PolitiFact say the top 400 richest Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined? What does PolitiFact say the richest Americans have more wealth than the bottom 90 percent? What may inherited wealth help explain why many Americans have had a "substantial head start"? What does PolitiFact say the richest Americans have more wealth than the bottom 90 percent? What does PolitiFact say the richest Americans have more wealth than the bottom 90 percent? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? What does Neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? In Marxian analysis, how do capitalist firms use capital equipment for labor inputs? What does Marxian analysis show that capitalist firms substitute capital equipment for labor inputs? What does Marxian analysis show that capitalist firms substitute capital equipment for labor inputs? What is the effect of the substitution of capital equipment for labor? In Marxian analysis, how do capitalist firms use capital equipment for labor inputs? In Marxian analysis, how do capitalist firms use capital equipment for labor inputs? In Marxian analysis, how do capitalist firms use capital equipment for labor inputs? What is the effect of the substitution of capital equipment for labor? What is the effect of the substitution of capital equipment for labor? What is a purely capitalist mode of production? What is a race between the demand for the skilled worker and the supply of the skilled worker? What happens when a business is understaffed? What happens to employers who offer a below market wage? What is the term for a market that can be viewed as unfair? What is a purely capitalist mode of production? What do wages work in the same way as prices for any other good? What is a purely capitalist mode of production? What is a race between the demand for the skilled worker and the supply of the skilled worker? What is the term for a market that can be viewed as unfair? What is an example of a job where there are few able or willing workers? What is a result of competition between employers driving down the wage? What is a cause of competition amongst workers to drive down wages? What does competition between employers drive down wages? What does competition amongst employers drive down wages? What is a reason for a job where there are many workers willing to work a large amount of time will result in a low wage for a job? Why does competition between workers drive down the wage? What is an example of a job where there are few able or willing workers? What is a reason that competition between employers drives down the wage? Why does competition between employers drive down wages? What does higher economic inequality tend to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? What does higher economic inequality tend to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? Why is entrepreneurship often based on necessity rather than opportunity? What is the economic impact of the former type of entrepreneurialism? What is a progressive tax? What is a progressive tax? What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board? What is a cause of a progressive tax? What is a progressive tax? What is a progressive tax? What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board? What is an indicator of the effects of a progressive tax? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is the reason that education raises incomes and promotes growth? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? Why did S&P recommend increasing access to education? What did S&P recommend increasing access to education? What did S&P recommend increasing access to education? What did the Standard & Poor's rating agency say was caused by the widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation? What did the Standard & Poor's rating agency say was caused by the widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation? What did S&P recommend increasing access to education? Why did S&P recommend increasing access to education? What did S&P recommend increasing access to education? What did S&P recommend increasing access to education? What happened to the high school education movement from 1910-1940? What happened to the high school education movement from 1910-1940? What happened to the high school education movement from 1910-1940? What did Lagerlof and Galor say that gender inequality in education can result in low economic growth? Why is high school education regarded as a stepping-stone to acquire college and advanced degrees? What happened to the high school education movement from 1910-1940? What happened to the high school education movement from 1910-1940? What was the purpose of high school education? What did Lagerlof and Galor say is important for the growth of the economy? What did Lagerlof and Galor say that gender inequality in education can result in low economic growth? What did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer point to? What does the CEPR believe the U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes? What did the CEPR say the U.S.-style labor-market flexibility greatly improves labor-market outcomes? What did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer point to? What did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer point to? What did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer point to? What did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer point to? What did the CEPR say the U.S.-style labor-market flexibility greatly improves labor-market outcomes? What does the CEPR believe the U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes? What did Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What did Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What does Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What did Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What does Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What does Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What does Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What did Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What did Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? What does Paul Krugman believe trade liberalization has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States? What does Paul Krugman believe trade liberalization has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States? What does Paul Krugman believe trade has had a measurable effect on inequality in the United States? What is Robert Lawrence's argument about trade? What is the effect of trade liberalization on income inequality? What does Paul Krugman believe trade liberalization has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States? What does Paul Krugman believe trade liberalization has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States? What does Paul Krugman believe trade has had a measurable effect on inequality in America? What is Robert Lawrence's argument about trade? What is the income gap in other countries? What is the income gap in other countries? What does Thomas Sowell claim is due to women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy? What is a Gender pay gap in many countries? What is a Gender pay gap in many countries? What is a Gender pay gap in many countries? What does Thomas Sowell claim is due to women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy? What does Thomas Sowell claim is due to women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy? What does Thomas Sowell claim is a difference in earnings between women and men? What did Simon Kuznets argue that more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality? What did Simon Kuznets argue that economic inequality is in large part the result of stages of development? What did Simon Kuznets argue that countries with low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth? What did Simon Kuznets argue that more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality? What did Kuznets argue that economic inequality is in large part the result of stages of development? What did Kuznets argue that economic inequality is in large part the result of stages of development? What did Simon Kuznets argue that countries with low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth? What did Simon Kuznets argue that countries with low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth? What did Simon Kuznets argue that more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality? What did Kuznets' curve predict that income inequality will eventually decrease given time? How did income inequality rise after the 1970s? What did the Kuznets curve show that income inequality began to rise after the 1970s? What did the Kuznets curve show that income inequality began to rise after the 1970s? What was the Kuznets curve? What was the Kuznets curve? How did Kuznets demonstrate the relationship between income and inequality? What does the Kuznets curve predict? What did the Kuznets curve show that income inequality began to rise after the 1970s? What is wealth concentration a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals? What is a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals? What does Piketty argue that wealth condensation can contribute to the persistence of inequality in society? What does Piketty argue is the fundamental force for divergence? What is wealth concentration a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals? What is a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals? What can wealth condensation contribute to the persistence of inequality within society? What does Piketty argue that wealth condensation can contribute to the persistence of inequality in society? What does Piketty argue that wealth condensation can contribute to the persistence of inequality in society? What does Joseph Stiglitz believe market forces should serve as a brake on? What does Joseph Stiglitz believe market forces should serve as a brake on? What does Joseph Stiglitz argue that market forces should serve as a brake on? What does Stiglitz believe is a better explainer of growing inequality? What does Joseph Stiglitz believe market forces should serve as a brake on? What are some of the effects of inequality? What are some of the effects of inequality? What is the effect of human capital on the top 21 industrialised countries? What are some of the effects of inequality? What is the effect of human capital on the top 21 industrialised countries? What did Shiller say is the most important problem in the U.S.? What did Shiller say is the most important problem in the U.S.? What does rising inequality have a negative effect on economic growth? What does high and persistent unemployment have a negative effect on economic growth? What is the most important issue of rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere? What have researchers found higher rates of health and social problems in countries and states with higher inequality? What have researchers found higher rates of health and social problems in countries and states with higher inequality? What have researchers found higher rates of health and social problems in countries and states with higher inequality? What have the researchers found higher rates of health and social problems in countries and states with higher inequality? What have researchers found higher rates of health and social problems in countries and states with higher equality? For most of human history, what led to better health and longer lives? What is the result of higher incomes-longer lives in poorer countries? What is the result of higher incomes-longer lives in poorer countries? What is the result of higher life expectancy in the USA? What is one of the reasons for the increase in life expectancy in the USA? What is the characteristic that has strongly correlated with health in developed countries? What did Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett create an index of "Health and Social Problems" from nine factors? What did Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett create an index of "Health and Social Problems" from nine factors? What did Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett create an index of "Health and Social Problems" from nine factors? What does the UNICEF index of "child well-being in rich countries" correlate with? What has been shown to be correlated with inequality in society? What has been shown to be correlated with inequality in society? How many studies have focused on homicides? What did Fajnzylber et al. find about half of all homicide rates related to inequality? What did Daly et al. find about half of all homicide rates related to inequality? What is an example of reduced "distributive efficiency" within society? What is an example of reduced distributive efficiency in society? What is an example of reduced "distributive efficiency" within society? What is an example of reduced "distributive efficiency" within society? How does the marginal utility of wealth per person decrease as a person becomes richer? What does Wilkinson say consumption inequality is less extreme than income in the US? What does Will Wilkinson say consumption is more important than income in the US? What did Thomas B. Edsall say consumption inequality was lower in 2001 than it was in 1986? What is the name of the study that found consumption inequality was lower in 2001 than it was in 1986? What is the name of the study that found consumption inequality was lower in 2001 than it was in 1986? What is the most recent example of the Financial crisis? What is the most recent example of the Financial crisis? What is the most recent example of the Financial crisis? What is the most recent example of the Financial crisis? What is the most recent example of the Financial crisis? What does the International Monetary Fund believe is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells? What is correlated with inequality in wealth and income? What do IMF staff economists believe that if the income share of the top 20 percent increases, GDP growth does not trickle down? What does IMF staff economists believe that if the income share of the bottom 20 percent is associated with higher GDP growth? What does IMF believe is associated with higher GDP growth? What does increasing inequality harm economic growth? What does increasing inequality harm economic growth? What does high and persistent unemployment have a negative effect on economic growth? What does high and persistent unemployment have a negative effect on economic growth? What do economists believe is a cause of economic growth? How did Joseph Stiglitz present evidence in 2009? How did Joseph Stiglitz present evidence in 2009? How did Joseph Stiglitz present evidence in 2009? What is the main reason for the shift in human capital in development? What is the main reason for the shift in human capital? What did Galor and Zeira show that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development? In 1993, Galor and Zeira showed that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development? What did Perotti study in 1996? What did Perotti find that inequality is associated with higher levels of redistributive taxation? What was Perotti's conclusion about inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections? What did Robert Barro say there is little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment? What did Robert Barro say there is little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment? What did Robert Barro say there is little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment? What does Robert Barro say there is little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment? What was the result of the study of Swedish counties between 1960 and 2000? What is the Kuznets curve hypothesis? What is the Kuznets curve hypothesis? What is the Kuznets curve hypothesis? What is the Kuznets curve hypothesis? What is the Kuznets curve hypothesis? What did some theories develop in the 1970s to establish avenues through which inequality may have a positive effect on economic development? What did a 1955 review suggest that savings by the wealthy could have a positive effect on economic development? What did a 2013 report on Nigeria suggest that growth has risen with increased income inequality? What did some theories popular from the 1950s to 2011 incorrectly stated that inequality had a positive effect on economic development? What did IMF economists find a strong association between lower levels of inequality and sustained periods of economic growth? What is becoming widely understood amongst the development community that special efforts must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth? What is the effect of economic growth on poverty reduction? What is becoming widely understood amongst the development community that special efforts must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth? What does the Secretary General of the United Nations say economic growth is not sufficient for progress on reducing poverty? What does the Secretary General of the United Nations say economic growth is not sufficient for progress on reducing poverty? How is land and housing held outside the formal or legal property ownership registration system? What are some reasons for extra-legal ownership? What are some reasons for extra-legal ownership? What are some reasons for extra-legal ownership? What are some reasons for extra-legal ownership? What are some of the researchers who argue that a shortage of affordable housing is caused in part by income inequality? What did David Rodda argue is the cause of a shortage of affordable housing? What did David Rodda argue is the cause of a shortage of affordable housing? What did David Rodda say was a cause of a shortage of affordable housing? Why did the ad valorem property tax policy make it difficult or impossible for low income residents to keep pace? What are some costs that are difficult to avoid and are shared by everyone? What is one way that aspirational consumption describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts? What does aspirational consumption describe the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts? What does aspirational consumption describe the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts? What is one method of achieving aspirational consumption? What can be explained by the fact that as the poor people become more wealthy, it increases their yearly carbon emissions? What is the result of the increase of emissions per person being multiplied by a multiplier? What can be explained by the fact that as the poor people become more wealthy, it increases their yearly carbon emissions? What does the EKC stand for? What do socialists attribute the disparities in wealth to the private ownership of the means of production by a class of owners? What do socialists attribute the disparities in wealth to the private ownership of the means of production by a class of owners? What does the majority of the population depend on income in the form of a wage or salary? What do socialists argue that the means of production should be socially owned so that income differentials would be reflective of individual contributions to the social product? What do socialists argue that the means of production should be socially owned so that income differentials would be reflective of individual contributions to the social product? Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force? Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force? Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force? Why did Nozick argue that government redistributes wealth by force? Who argued that inequalities in the distribution of wealth are only justified when they improve society as a whole? What is the human development approach? What does the capabilities approach look at? What is the goal of neoliberalism? What is the goal of neoliberalism? What is the goal of neoliberalism? When are people deprived of earning as much income as they would otherwise? What happens when a person's capabilities are deprived of earning as much income as they would otherwise? What happens when a person's capabilities are deprived of earning as much income as they would otherwise? What happens when a person is deprived of earning as much as a healthy young man? What is one way that a person is deprived of earning as much income as they would otherwise? What is Doctor Who? What is Doctor Who? What is Doctor Who's TARDIS? What is the name of the TARDIS? What is Doctor Who? What was the first time a British television show was shown? What did Russell T Davies do in 2005? What was the name of the first series of the 21st century that featured Christopher Eccleston? What did Russell T Davies do in 2005? What was the name of the first series of the 21st century that featured Christopher Eccleston? How many actors have headlined the show as the Doctor? What role did Peter Capaldi play after Matt Smith's exit? What role did Peter Capaldi play after Matt Smith's exit? What is the premise of Time Lords? What is the premise of Time Lords? What is the name of the Doctor Who? What is the name of the TARDIS that allows the Doctor to travel across time and space? What was the name of the stolen Mark I Type 40 TARDIS? What does the Mark I Type 40 TARDIS have? What happens to the TARDIS? What does the Doctor do when he travels alone? What does the Doctor have the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged? What does the Doctor have the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged? What does the Doctor often bring one or more companions to share his adventures? What does the Doctor have the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged? What was the first time Doctor Who appeared on BBC TV? What was the name of the second Doctor Who serial? What was the reason for the rejection of The Mutants? What was the name of the programme that was originally intended to appeal to a family audience? What was Doctor Who's regular weekly programme? What did the BBC's serials division produce for 26 seasons? What was the cause of the suspension of BBC 1's production? What did Jonathan Powell do in 1989? What was the reason for the suspension of BBC 1's production? What did the BBC's serials division produce for 26 seasons? What did the BBC hope to find an independent production company to relaunch the show? What was the name of the British expatriate who approached the BBC in 1989? What did Segal's negotiations lead to? What did Segal's negotiations lead to? What was the name of the British expatriate who approached the BBC in 1989? What did Doctor Who finally return with the episode Rose? What did Doctor Who finally return with the episode "Rose" on BBC One? What did Steven Moffat replace Davies as head writer and executive producer? What did Steven Moffat do to replace Davies? What happened to the episode "Rose" on BBC One in 2005? What is the 2005 version of Doctor Who? What is the 2005 version of Doctor Who? What is the 2005 version of Doctor Who? What is the 2005 version of Doctor Who a direct plot continuation of? What is the 2005 version of Doctor Who a direct plot continuation of? What did the BBC believe many viewers had missed the introduction to a new series? What has been claimed that the transmission of the first episode was delayed by ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy? What has been claimed that the transmission of the first episode was delayed by ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy? What has been claimed that the transmission of the first episode was delayed by ten minutes due to extended news coverage of the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy? What did the BBC believe many viewers had missed the introduction to a new series? What did the phrase "Hiding behind" signify in humour the stereotypical early-series behaviour of children who wanted to avoid seeing frightening parts of a television programme? What did the Museum of the Moving Image in London name their exhibition celebrating the programme "Behind the Sofa"? What did the Museum of the Moving Image in London name their exhibition celebrating the programme " Behind the Sofa"? What did Digital Spy's 2011 online vote deem the show "Behind the Sofa"? What was the name of the exhibition celebrating the show "Behind the Sofa"? What was Doctor Who's most violent drama programme? What was Doctor Who's most violent drama programme? What did the BBC say Doctor Who was the most violent of the drama programmes produced at the time? What did the BBC say Doctor Who was the most violent of the drama programmes produced at the time? What did the BBC say Doctor Who was the most violent of the drama programmes produced at the time? What has the TARDIS become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness? What did the BBC apply for a trade mark to use the TARDIS' blue police box design? What has the TARDIS become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness? What did the patent Office rule in favour of the BBC? What did the patent Office rule in favour of the BBC? What was the original run of Doctor Who? What was the original run of Doctor Who? What was the name of the episode of The Trial of a Time Lord? What was the name of the episode of The Trial of a Time Lord? What was the name of the episode of The Trial of a Time Lord? What did the serial format change for the 2005 revival? What did the serial format change for the 2005 revival? What did the serial format change for the 2005 revival? What happens when regular-series episodes exceed the 45-minute run time? What happens when regular-series episodes exceed the 45-minute run time? How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963? How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963? How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963? How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963? How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963? What caused a severe deterioration of broadcast quality? When were large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's video tape and film libraries destroyed? How many episodes of Doctor Who are not held in the BBC's archives? What happened to 97 of 253 episodes produced during the first six years of Doctor Who? What caused the deterioration of broadcast quality in the BBC between 1964 and 1973? What has been returned to the BBC from the archives of other countries who bought prints for broadcast? What have some episodes been returned to the BBC from the archives of other countries who bought prints for broadcast? What are some of the lost episodes of The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve? What have some episodes been returned to the BBC from the archives of other countries who bought prints for broadcast? What are some of the lost episodes of The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve? What have the BBC reconstructed the missing episodes of The Invasion? What did the BBC reconstructed the missing episodes of The Invasion? What happened to the missing episodes of The Invasion? How were the missing episodes of The Invasion reconstructed? What did the BBC reconstructed the missing episodes of The Invasion? What did Producers introduce to allow the recasting of the main character? What was the first reason for the recasting of William Hartnell's main character? What caused the recasting of William Hartnell's main character? What prompted the recasting of William Hartnell's main character? What prompted the recasting of William Hartnell's main character? What did The Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead do? What did The Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead do? What was the name of the episode of The Time of the Doctor that depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations? What did The Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead do? What did The Deadly Assassin and Mawdryn Undead do? What was the name of the incarnation of the War Doctor in 2013? What did John Hurt guest-starred as in 2013? What is one example of a starring role in The Trial of a Time Lord? What was the name of the incarnation that John Hurt starred in in 2013? What is the name of the incarnation of the War Doctor? What happened to Patrick Troughton in 1985? What did the Three Doctors return to star with Jon Pertwee? What did Richard Hurndall do for 1983's The Five Doctors? What has happened to the Eleventh Doctor in "The Almost People"? What happened to Patrick Troughton in 1985? Who appeared together in the 1999 audio adventure The Sirens of Time? What did Peter Davison, Colin Baker, and Sylvester McCoy appear together in the 1999 audio adventure? What audio drama did Peter Davison, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann appear together in? Who appeared together in the 1999 audio adventure The Sirens of Time? What did Peter Davison, Colin Baker, and Sylvester McCoy appear together in the 1999 audio adventure? What did the Eleventh Doctor say he was the product of the twelfth regeneration? What is the name of the earliest incarnation of the Doctor in The Brain of Morbius? What did Mawdryn Undead say the First Doctor was currently in his fifth incarnation? What did the Eleventh Doctor call himself in 2010? What did Mawdryn Undead say the First Doctor was currently in his fifth incarnation? What is the name of the first serial that shows that the Doctor has a granddaughter, Susan Foreman? What is the name of the first serial that shows that the Doctor has a granddaughter? What is the name of the 2005 series that reveals that the Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord? What is the name of the 2005 series that reveals that the Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord? What did the Doctor say he was the last surviving Time Lord? What has been a constant feature of Doctor Who since 1963? What is the only story from the original series in which the Doctor travels alone? What were the first companions seen on Doctor Who's screen? What were the first companions seen on Doctor Who's screen? What is the only story from the original series in which the Doctor travels alone? When did the Doctor travel with a primary female companion? What were the primary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors? The Eleventh Doctor became the first to travel with a married couple while out-of-sync meetings with River Song and Clara Oswald provided ongoing story arcs? What is the name of the tenth series that will introduce Pearl Mackie as the Doctor's newest traveling companion? What were the primary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors? What was Russell T Davies' intention to reintroduce classic icons of Doctor Who one step at a time? What did Russell T Davies do to reintroduce classic icons of Doctor Who? What was Russell T Davies' intention to reintroduce classic icons of Doctor Who one step at a time? What did Russell T Davies do to reintroduce classic icons of Doctor Who? What is the name of Davies' successor? What are the Dalek race's oldest villains? What are the Dalek race's oldest villains? What is the main role of the Dalek race? What are the Dalek race's oldest villains? What is the main weakness of the Dalek race? What is the name of the renegade Time Lord who desires to rule the universe? What is the name of the renegade Time Lord who desires to rule the universe? What was the name of the movie that portrayed the Master? What was the name of the Doctor's archenemy? What was the name of the character that first appeared in 1971? When did Derek Jacobi provide the character's re-introduction? When did Derek Jacobi provide the character's re-introduction? What was the name of the 2014 episode of "Dark Water"? What was the name of the 2014 episode of "Dark Water"? What is the name of the incarnation of the Master? What was the original theme of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop? What was the original theme composed by Ron Grainer and realised by Delia Derbyshire? What was the original theme of the BBC Radiophonic Workshop? What did the Derbyshire arrangement serve as the theme tune up to the end of season 17? What did Delia Derbyshire do to create the theme tune? What was the name of the season-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord? What was the name of the season-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord? What did Keff McCulloch provide for the Seventh Doctor's era? What did John Debney create a new arrangement of Ron Grainer's original theme for Doctor Who? What did John Debney create a new arrangement of Ron Grainer's original theme for Doctor Who? What was the name of the new arrangement that was introduced in the 2007 Christmas special episode? What happened to the theme tune in 2011? What was the name of the new arrangement that was introduced in the 2007 Christmas special episode? What happened to the theme tune in 2011? What was the name of the new arrangement that was introduced in the 2007 Christmas special episode? What was the name of the disco version of the Doctor Who theme? What was the name of the disco version of the Doctor Who theme? What was the name of the disco version of the Doctor Who theme? What was the name of the disco version of the Doctor Who theme? What was the name of the disco version of the Doctor Who theme? What was Dudley Simpson's first Doctor Who score? What was Simpson's first Doctor Who score? What was Dudley Simpson's first Doctor Who score? What was Dudley Simpson's first Doctor Who score? What was Dudley Simpson's first Doctor Who score? What was the name of the 2005 revived series that was performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales? What was the name of the 2005 revived series that was performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales? What was the name of the concert that aired on BBCi on Christmas Day 2006? What was the name of the concert that featured a mini-episode starring David Tennant? What was the name of the 2005 revived series that was performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales? How many soundtracks have been released since 2005? How many soundtracks have been released since 2005? What was the name of the fourth series that featured music from the 2008-2010 special edition? What was the name of the soundtrack for Series 5? What was the name of the soundtrack for Series 5? What was the original logo used for the First Doctor? What was the name of the logo used for the Third Doctor? What was the name of the logo used for the Third Doctor? What was the original logo used for the Third Doctor? What was the original logo used for the First Doctor? What happened to the first episode of Doctor Who? What has happened to Doctor Who's popularity over the decades? What was the second episode of Doctor Who? What was the first episode of Doctor Who? What is the name of the first episode of Doctor Who? What happened to the viewership of the ITV network in 1979? What was the cause of the programme's 1989 suspension? What was the cause of the programme's 1989 suspension? What was the cause of the programme's 1989 suspension? What happened to Coronation Street in the 1980s? How many episodes of The Five Doctors have ever had their premiere showings on other channels than BBC One? What was the name of the 1983 20th anniversary special? What happened to the 1983 20th anniversary special? What happened to the 1983 20th anniversary special? How many episodes of The Five Doctors have ever had their premiere showings on other channels than BBC One? What has the Australian Broadcasting Corporation had a strong fan base since 1965? What did ABC provide partial funding for the 20th anniversary special of The Five Doctors? What did the ABC provide partial funding for the 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors? What has the ABC periodically repeated episodes of The Five Doctors? What does ABC broadcast the modern series first run on ABC1? What did TVOntario do in 1976? What did TVOntario do in 1976? What happened to The Talons of Weng-Chiang? What caused the cancellation of The Talons of Weng-Chiang? What was the reason for the cancellation of The Talons of Weng-Chiang? What were excerpts from the Doctor Who Confidential documentary played over the closing credits? How did CBC begin airing series two? How did CBC begin airing series two? How did CBC begin airing series two? How did CBC begin airing series two? How many serials are available from BBC Video on DVD? How many serials have been released on UMD for the PlayStation Portable? What is the name of the series of Doctor Who released on VCD? What is the name of the series of Doctor Who released on VCD? What is the name of the series of Doctor Who released on VCD? When did Trevor Martin play Doctor Who? What was the name of the play titled Doctor Who – The Ultimate Adventure? What was the name of the play titled Doctor Who – The Ultimate Adventure? When did Trevor Martin play the Doctor? How did Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker play the Doctor? What was the name of the 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood? What was the name of the 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood? What was the name of the second series of Torchwood aired in 2008? What was the third series of Torchwood? What was the name of the fourth series of Torchwood: Miracle Day? What was the name of the series that starred Elisabeth Sladen? What was the name of the series that starred Elisabeth Sladen? What was the third series that featured a crossover appearance from the main show by David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor? What was the name of the third series that featured Matt Smith as the Eleventh Doctor? What was the final series of the Sarah Jane Adventures starring Elisabeth Sladen? What was the name of the charity special produced for Children in Need? What was the name of the charity special produced for Children in Need? What was the name of the charity special that was produced for Children in Need? What was the name of the charity special that was produced for Children in Need? What was the name of the charity special that was produced for Children in Need? How was Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death made for Comic Relief? What was Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death? What happens to the Doctor in the story? How is the Doctor forced to regenerate? What did Steven Moffat write about Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death? What are some of the references to Doctor Who? What have references to Doctor Who appeared in? What was the name of the series that portrayed Vince as an avid Doctor Who fan? What is the name of the character of Oliver on Coupling portrayed as a Doctor Who collector? What have references to Doctor Who appeared in? What was the earliest Doctor Who-related audio release? What was the earliest Doctor Who-related audio release? What was the earliest Doctor Who-related audio release? What was the first commercially available audiobook? What was the first commercially available audiobook? What was the name of the earliest Doctor Who audios released on CD? What is the name of the first time the Doctor Who series has been produced? How long has Big Finish Productions released Doctor Who audios? How long has Big Finish Productions released Doctor Who audios? How did Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor begin appearing for Big Finish in 2012? What was the main focus of the Doctor Who series from 1965 to 1991? How many Doctor Who books have been published from the mid-sixties to the present day? What is the name of the new range of Doctor Who books published by BBC Books? What is the name of the Doctor Who Magazine? How have Doctor Who books been published? How has Doctor Who been published? How has Doctor Who been published? What has the BBC expressed distaste for the idea of a Doctor Who character? What has a myriad of stories been published about Doctor Who? What has the show received recognition as one of Britain's finest television programmes? What has the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series won? What was the name of the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor? What was the name of the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor? What was the name of the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor? What did the Peabody award Doctor Who? What did the Peabody Awards award Doctor Who? What did the Peabody award Doctor Who? What did the Peabody Awards award Doctor Who? What did the Peabody award Doctor Who? In 1975, what award did the Writers' Guild of Great Britain win for Best Writing in a Children's Serial? What did the "TV60" series celebrate in 1996? What was Doctor Who ranked third in a list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century? What was Doctor Who's ranking on the list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century? What did the "TV60" series win in 1975? How many BAFTA TV Awards has Doctor Who been nominated for? How many BAFTA TV Awards has Doctor Who been nominated for? What was the name of the BAFTA Cymru Awards? What was the name of the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s? What was the name of the show that was shortlisted for a Mind Award? What has the Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation won? How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for? How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for? Who won the Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation? What were the winning episodes of Doctor Who? Who has been satirised and spoofed on many occasions? Who has been lampooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live and The Chaser's War on Everything? Who has been satirised and spoofed on many occasions? Who has been lampooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live and The Chaser's War on Everything? Who has been lampooned on programs such as Saturday Night Live and The Chaser's War on Everything? What is the name of the private research university in Chicago? What is the name of the private research university in Chicago? What is the name of the private research university in Chicago? What is the name of the private research university in Chicago? What is the name of the private research university in Chicago? What have scholars played a major role in the development of various academic disciplines? What did Chicago's physics department help develop the world's first man-made nuclear reaction beneath the university's Stagg Field? What did Chicago's physics department help develop the world's first man-made nuclear reaction beneath the university's Stagg Field? What is the largest university press in the United States? What is the name of the largest university press in the United States? What was the name of the organization that founded the University of Chicago? What was the name of the organization that founded the University of Chicago? What was the name of the organization that founded the University of Chicago? What was the name of the organization that founded the University of Chicago? What was the name of the organization that founded the University of Chicago? What did Marshall Field donate to the University of Chicago? Why was the University of Chicago financed? Why was the University of Chicago financed? Why was the University of Chicago financed? What was the name of the early benefactors of the University of Chicago? What did the University of Chicago fear in the 1890s? What was the name of the university affiliated with Shimer College in 1896? What did the University of Chicago agree to confer a degree on? What happened to the University of Chicago in 1910? How did the University of Chicago pass into history in 1910? What did Hutchins do in 1929? What did Hutchins do in 1933? What did Hutchins do in 1933? What did Hutchins do in 1929? What did Hutchins do in 1929? When did student applications decline in the Hyde Park neighborhood? When did student applications decline in Hyde Park? What happened to Hyde Park in the 1950s? When did student applications decline in Hyde Park? What happened to Hyde Park in the 1950s? What happened to the university in 1962? What was the Kalven Report? What was the Kalven Report? What was the Kalven Report? What was the Kalven Report? When did the Milton Friedman Institute begin? What happened to the Milton Friedman Institute in 2008? How much did the Milton Friedman Institute cost in 2008? How much did the Milton Friedman Institute cost in 2008? What did David G. Booth donate to the Booth School of Business? What were the first buildings of the University of Chicago? What are the Main Quadrangles? The Main Quadrangles are patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford? What were the main quadrangles patterned on? What were the main quadrangles patterned on? When did Eero Saarinen develop a second master plan? What did Eero Saarinen develop in 1955? What did Eero Saarinen develop in 1955? What did Eero Saarinen develop in 1955? What did Eero Saarinen develop in 1955? What is the main campus of the University of Chicago? What is the name of the Center in Paris? What happened to the Center in Paris in 2010? When did the University of Chicago open a center in Beijing? What is the most recent addition to the University of Chicago's center in Beijing? How is the University of Chicago governed by a board of trustees? What does the Board of Trustees oversee? What is the name of the board of Trustees that oversees the long-term development and plans of the University of Chicago? What is the name of the President of the University of Chicago? What is the name of the president of the University of Chicago? How is the University of Chicago accredited? What are the academic bodies of the University of Chicago? What are the academic bodies of the University of Chicago? What does the College of the University of Chicago grant in 50 academic majors and 28 minors? What does the College of the University of Chicago grant in 50 academic majors and 28 minors? What are the five divisions of the College of the University of Chicago? What are the five divisions of the College of the University of Chicago? What does the Common Core mean? What is the common Core? What does the Common Core mean? What does the Common Core mean? What is the name of the university that operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools? What is the name of the university that operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools? What is the name of the university that operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools? What is the name of the university that operates the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools? What does the Hyde Park Day School maintain a location on the University of Chicago campus? What is the rank of the University of Chicago Library system? What is the rank of the University of Chicago Library system? What is the Regenstein Library? What is the name of the Regenstein Library? What is the John Crerar Library? How many research centers does the University of Chicago operate on campus? How many research centers does the University of Chicago operate on campus? What is the Oriental Institute? What is the name of the research center in Chicago? What is the name of the research center in Chicago? What has the University of Chicago played an important role in shaping ideas about the free market? What was the name of the first independent sociology department in the United States? What was the name of the chemical experiment that tested how life originated on early Earth? Who discovered REM sleep at the University of Chicago? What does the UChicago Arts program do? What does the UChicago Arts program do? What programs does UChicago have? What does the UChicago Arts program have? How many students enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes? In the fall quarter of 2014, how many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago? In the fall quarter of 2014, how many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago? In the fall quarter of 2014, how many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago? In the fall quarter of 2014, how many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago? What was the percentage of international students in the 2012 Spring Quarter? What do the Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association? What do the Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association? How did the Maroons compete in the NCAA's Division III? When did the University of Chicago reach the Sweet Sixteen? What happened to the Heisman Trophy in 1946? What do students at the University of Chicago run? What do students at the University of Chicago run? What is the name of the University of Chicago College Bowl Team? What are some of the notable RSOs? What are some of the notable RSOs? What is The University of Chicago Student Government? What is the name of the student government that is funded by The University of Chicago? What does The University of Chicago Student Government have? What is the annual budget of the University of Chicago Student Government? How many fraternities are at the University of Chicago? How many fraternities are at the University of Chicago? How many sororities are at the University of Chicago? How many sororities are at the University of Chicago? How many of the sororities are members of the National Panhellenic Conference? When does the University of Chicago have a Scavenger Hunt? When does the University of Chicago have a Scavenger Hunt? What does the Festival of the Arts take over campus since 1963? What does the Festival of the Arts take over campus for? What is the name of the summer festival that is held at the University of Chicago? What is the name of the notable alumni of Microsoft? What is the name of the notable alumni of Microsoft? What is the name of the notable alumni of Microsoft? What is the name of the notable alumni of Microsoft? What is the name of the notable alumni of Microsoft? What are some of the notable alumni in the field of government and politics? What are some of the notable alumni in the field of government and politics? What are some of the notable alumni in the field of government and politics? What are some of the notable alumni in the field of government and politics? What are some of the notable alumni in the field of government and politics? What is the name of a notable alumni of the New York Times? Who is the author of Before I Fall Lauren Oliver? What is the name of a notable alumni of the New York Times? What is the name of a notable alumni of the New York Times? Who is the author of the New York Times bestseller Before I Fall? What is the name of the minimalist composer Philip Glass? What is the name of the minimalist composer Philip Glass? What is the name of a minimalist composer in the arts and entertainment? What is the name of the minimalist composer Philip Glass? What is the name of the minimalist composer Philip Glass? What is the name of the uranium-lead dating method? What is the name of the uranium-lead dating method? What is the name of the uranium-lead dating method? What is the name of the uranium-lead dating method? What is the name of the uranium-lead dating method? What is the name of Milton Friedman's alumnus? What does Milton Friedman do in economics? What does Milton Friedman do in economics? In economics, who is an alumnus of Thomas Sowell? What are some of the prominent alumni? What are some of the prominent alumni? What are some of the prominent alumni? What are some of the notable faculty in physics? What are some of the notable faculty in physics? What are some of the notable faculty in physics? What are some of the notable faculty in physics? What are some of the notable faculty in physics? What has been the name of the past faculty of McKinsey & Co.? What is the name of the past faculty that have included James Henry Breasted and Alberto Calderón? What is the name of the past faculty that have included James Henry Breasted and Alberto Calderón? What has been the name of the past faculty of McKinsey & Co.? What is the name of the past faculty that have included James Henry Breasted and Alberto Calderón? What are the current faculty of Marshall Sahlins? What are the current faculty of Marshall Sahlins? What are the current faculty of Marshall Sahlins? What are the current faculty of Marshall Sahlins? What are the current faculty of Marshall Sahlins? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What was the name of the dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan? What is the Yuan dynasty considered both a successor to the Mongol Empire and an imperial Chinese dynasty? What did the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What was the name of the Yuan dynasty? What is the sentence "Dà Yuán"? What did Kublai Khan impose the name Great Yuan? What does Dai n Ulus mean? What is the name of the Yuan dynasty? What did Genghis Khan do in 1206? What did Genghis Khan do in 1206? What did Genghis Khan do to the Mongols? What did Möngke Khan succeed gedei's son? What did gedei offer his nephew a position in Xingzhou, Hebei? What did many Han Chinese and Khitan defect to the Mongols to fight against the Jin? Who commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army? Who commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army? How many Tumens were there in the Mongol army? Who commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army? Who was Shi Tianze's father? Who was Shi Tianze's father? What was Shi Tianze's father's name? What was Shi Tianze's father's name? What did Chagaan and Zhang Rou attack on the Song dynasty? What did Möngke Khan begin a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty in southern China? What did Möngke Khan do to the Chinese Song dynasty? What happened to Möngke Khan in 1259? What happened to Kublai in 1260? What did Möngke Khan do to ensure that his army received ample resources? Who refused to submit to Kublai and threatened the western frontier of Kublai's domain? Why did Ogedei's grandson threaten the western frontier of Kublai's domain? How did Kublai secure the northeast border in 1259? How did Kublai secure the northeast border in 1259? Who was the son-in-law of a powerful official instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262? What was Kublai's government a compromise between? What did Kublai do to the Chinese? What did Kublai's government do? What did Kublai's government do? What was Kublai's government a compromise between? What did Kublai say was the first year of the Great Yuan? What did Kublai say was the first year of the Great Yuan? What did Kublai say was the first year of the Great Yuan? What did Kublai say was the first year of the Great Yuan? What did Khublai say was a dynasty? What did Kublai Khan promote? What did Kublai Khan promote? What did Kublai Khan do to the Grand Canal? What did Kublai Khan do to the Grand Canal? What did Kublai Khan do? What happened to the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou? What happened to the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou? During the Southern Song dynasty, what did Kong Duanyou do? What happened to the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou? How many descendants of Confucius lived in Quzhou? When did Kublai pursue an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism? What was Kublai's last obstacle to capture the rich Yangzi River basin? What was Kublai's last obstacle to capture the rich Yangzi River basin? What did Kublai capture in 1276? What happened to the Song dynasty? What did Kublai's government face after 1279? Why did Kublai's second invasion of Japan fail? What caused Kublai's second invasion of Japan to fail? What caused Kublai's second invasion of Japan to fail? What caused Kublai's second invasion of Japan to fail? When were the Duan dynasty appointed as governors-general? What was the name of Kublai's eldest son? What was the name of Kublai's eldest son? What happened to Zhenjin's third son? What happened to Zhenjin's third son in 1285? Who was the first Yuan emperor to actively support and adopt mainstream Chinese culture? What was Buyantu Khan the first Yuan emperor to actively support and adopt mainstream Chinese culture after the reign of Kublai? Who was the first Yuan emperor to support mainstream Chinese culture after the reign of Kublai? What did Li Meng do? What did Buyantu Khan do in 1313? What did Emperor Gegeen Khan rule from 1321 to 1323? What did Emperor Gegeen Khan rule from 1321 to 1323? What did Emperor Gegeen Khan do to reform the government based on Confucian principles? What happened to Gegeen Khan during his reign? What happened to Gegeen Khan during his reign? When was Tugh Temür recalled to Khanbaliq? How did Tugh Temür win the civil war against Ragibagh? What happened to Kusala after a banquet with Tugh Temür? When was Tugh Temür recalled to Khanbaliq? When was Tugh Temür recalled to Khanbaliq? Why was Tugh Temür known for his cultural contribution? What was Tugh Temür's most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning? What was Tugh Temür's most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning? What was Tugh Temür's most important effort to patronize Chinese learning? What did Tugh Temür support? When was Toghun Temür summoned back from Guangxi? When was Toghun Temür summoned back from Guangxi? When was Toghun Temür summoned back from Guangxi? When was Toghun Temür summoned back from Guangxi? What was Toghun Temür's first administration? What were the final years of the Yuan dynasty marked by? What happened to the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom? Why were the Yuan emperors short and marked by intrigues and rivalries? What happened to the Yuan dynasty? Why were the Yuan emperors separated from the army and the populace? When did the Red Turban Rebellion begin? When did the Red Turban Rebellion begin? What happened to Toghun Temür in 1354? What happened to Toghun Temür in 1354? What happened to Toghun Temür? What was the major cultural achievements of the Yuan dynasty? What did the political unity of China and central Asia promote? What influenced China during the Yuan dynasty? What did the Muslims of the Yuan dynasty introduce in East Asia? What were Western musical instruments introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts? What were the two periods of toleration in Tibetan Buddhism? What did Taoism suffer from persecutions in favor of Buddhism from the Yuan government? What did the Yuan court reinstate? What did the Yuan court hope to maintain order over Han society? What was the most famous traveler of the period? What was the most famous traveler of the period? What did Marco Polo's account of his travels appear about the year 1299? What did Marco Polo's account of his travels appear about the year 1299? What did some argue that Marco Polo acquired much of his knowledge through contact with Persian traders? What did Guo Shoujing do to the Yuan? What was the accuracy of the lunisolar calendar? What did Guo Shoujing do to the Yuan? What did Guo Shoujing do to the Yuan? What did Guo Shoujing do to the Yuan? What was the first time the Yuan dynasty ruled all of China? What is considered to be the continuation of the Mongol Empire? What is the Yuan dynasty usually considered to be? What is the Yuan dynasty usually considered to be? Why did the Yuan dynasty become a legitimate dynasty of China? What did Kublai Khan create? What did the Yuan bureaucracy consist of? What were the Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy created by Kublai Khan? What did the Yuan bureaucracy do? What did the Yuan bureaucracy do? What was one example of the insignificance of the Ministry of War compared to native Chinese dynasties? What did Mongolian priorities and policies reflect? What did the Ministry of Justice not extend to legal cases involving Mongols and Semuren? What was one example of the insignificance of the Ministry of War compared to native Chinese dynasties? Why was the 'Phags-pa script preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty? Why was the 'Phags-pa script preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty? What was the 'Phags-pa script' preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty? What did the 'Phags-pa script' do? What did the 'Phags-pa script' do? What happened to the Mongols in 1290? What did Kublai do to the Mongols in 1291? What happened to the Mongol garrison family of the Yuan dynasty? What was one of the major developments in the Yuan era? Why were many great artists and writers famous in the Yuan era? What is one of the important aspects of the Yuan dynasty? In the Yuan dynasty era, what was the main development of the qu? What was one of the key factors in the mix of the zaju variety show? Why did the Yuan dynasty never convert to Islam? What did Kublai Khan do to the Yuan dynasty? What was the Yuan dynasty's de facto state religion? What did Kublai Khan do to supervise Buddhist monks throughout the Yuan dynasty? Why was the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs established? What was Zhu Shijie's method of solving simultaneous equations? What was Zhu Shijie's method of solving simultaneous equations? What was Zhu Shijie's method of solving simultaneous equations? What were the advances in polynomial algebra made by mathematicians during the Yuan era? What is the Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns? Who was one of the first mathematicians in China to work on spherical trigonometry? What did Guo Shoujing use for his astronomical calculations? What was the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty? What was the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty? What was the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty? What were the physicians of the Yuan court? What did the Mongols characterized otachi doctors by their use of herbal remedies? What did the Mongols characterized otachi doctors by their use of herbal remedies? What was the purpose of the Imperial Academy of Medicine? Why did Kublai create the Imperial Academy of Medicine? What did the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty? What did the Yuan inherit from the Jin dynasty? What did the Mongols do in the Yuan dynasty? How were Chinese medical techniques transmitted to the Middle East and the rest of the empire? What did Wei Yilin do in the Yuan period? What was the name of the Western medicine practiced in China? Who founded the Office of Western Medicine? Who founded the Office of Western Medicine? Why did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine? Why did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine? What did the Mongols patronize the Yuan printing industry? What was the name of Wang Zhen's Nong Shu? What did the Mongols do to the Yuan printing industry? What is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols? What was the name of the Imperial Library Directorate? What was the chao? What was the chao made from? What did the Yuan government use woodblocks to print paper money? What did the Yuan government use woodblocks to print paper money? What did the Mongols do with the chao? What was the result of the compromise between Mongolian feudalism and Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system? What was the result of the compromise between Mongolian feudalism and Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system? What did the dichotomy give the Yuan regime a strong "colonial" coloration? What did the dichotomy give the Yuan regime a strong colonial coloration? What did Kublai Khan say was the result of a compromise between Mongolian feudalism and Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system? What did the Mongols send Han Chinese and Khitans to serve as administrators? What did the Mongols send Han Chinese and Khitans to serve as administrators? How were Han Chinese moved to Central Asian areas? How were Han Chinese moved to Central Asian areas? What was the name of the Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand? Why did the Yuan Emperors discriminate against Muslims? Why did the Yuan Emperors discriminate against Muslims? What did the Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang have? What did some Muslim communities have a Chinese surname that meant "barracks"? What did the Hui Muslim Feng Sheng do? Who wrote that the use of the term "social classes" was misleading? Who wrote that the use of the term "social classes" was misleading? Who wrote that the use of the term "social classes" was misleading? What were the Mongol and Semu who lived in poverty and were ill treated? What was the reason why people were placed in a certain class? What was the reason why people were placed in a certain class? What was the reason why people were placed in a certain class? What was the reason for the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class? What was the reason for the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class? What happened to the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho? What happened to the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho? What happened to the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho? What did the Mongols say the Uighur King of Qocho was ranked higher than the Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler? What was the most important region of the dynasty? What was the central region of the dynasty? What was the central region of the dynasty? What was the most important region of the dynasty? What was the most important region of the dynasty? What is Kenya's capital? What is Kenya's capital? What is Kenya's largest city? What is Kenya's largest city? What is the population of Kenya? What type of climate does Kenya have on its Indian Ocean coastline? What type of climate does Kenya have on its Indian Ocean coastline? What type of climate does Kenya have on its Indian Ocean coastline? What is the most humid climate in Kenya? What is Kenya known for? What has the African Great Lakes region been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period? By the first millennium AD, had the Bantu expansion reached the area from West-Central Africa? What percentage of the nation's residents are in the African Great Lakes region? What is the name of the early modern period in the African Great Lakes region? When did the East Africa Protectorate begin? What is the name of the Republic of Kenya? The Republic of Kenya is named after Mount Kenya? The Republic of Kenya is named after Mount Kenya? What did Ludwig Krapf believe the name Kenia and Kegnia to be a corruption of the Kamba version? What did Ludwig Krapf believe the name Kenia and Kegnia was a corruption of the Kamba version? What did Joseph Thompsons say was a corruption of the Kamba version? What did Joseph Thompsons say was a corruption of the Kamba version? What is the name of the "Big Five" game animals in Africa? What is the name of the "Big Five" game animals of Africa? What is the name of the "Big Five" game animals in Africa? What happens between June and September with millions of animals taking part in the migration? How many wildebeest migrate from Tanzania to the Masai Mara? What do fossils found in Kenya suggest that primates roamed the area more than 20 million years ago? What did the fossils found near Lake Turkana indicate? What was the name of the fossil that was discovered by Richard Leakey? What was the name of the fossil that was discovered by Richard Leakey? Who discovered the Turkana Boy? What did the Swahili build Mombasa into? What did the Swahili build Mombasa into? What did Duarte Barbosa claim Mombasa was a place of great traffic? How has the Kenyan Coast played host to many merchants and explorers? What is the city of Malindi? What is the City of Malindi? When did the British East Africa agree a truce to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities? When did the British East Africa agree a truce to keep the young colonies out of direct hostilities? What did von Lettow-Vorbeck do to the Germans? What did von Lettow-Vorbeck do to the Germans? What happened to von Lettow-Vorbeck? How did the Kikuyu people live in the central highlands? How did the Kikuyu people live in the central highlands? What did the Kikuyu people do to protect their interests? How many white settlers lived in Kenya in the 1950s? What led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure? What led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure? When did the Operation Anvil begin? What was the result of the capture of Dedan Kimathi? What was the Swynnerton Plan? What was the name of the first direct elections for native Kenyans to the Legislative Council? What was the name of the first direct elections for native Kenyans to the Legislative Council? What did the KANU of Jomo Kenyatta form a government? What did the KANU of Jomo Kenyatta form a government? How did Kenya become an independent country? What happened to the mlolongo system in 1988? What was the mlolongo system seen as the climax of a very undemocratic regime? How did Daniel arap Moi win re-election? What is the name of the democratic republic in Kenya? What is the name of the democratic republic in Kenya? What is the government's power? How is executive power exercised by the government? What is the Judiciary independent of? What is the metric that attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries? What is the metric that attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries? How did Kenya rank in the CPI in 2012? What is the metric that attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries? When did Kibaki run for re-election? When did Kibaki run for re-election? What did Kibaki do when he ran for re-election? What happened to the race between Raila Odinga and Kibaki? What did Agnes R. M. Aboum write in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation? What did Agnes R. M. Aboum do in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation? What did Agnes R. M. Aboum do in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation? What did Agnes R. M. Aboum do in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation? When did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement on the formation of a coalition government? What did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement on the formation of a coalition government? What did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement on the formation of a coalition government? What did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement on the formation of a coalition government? What did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement on the formation of a coalition government? Who will be the leader of the party or coalition with majority members in Parliament? What happened to Annan and Jakaya Kikwete? What happened to Annan and Jakaya Kikwete? What did the PNU and ODM begin working on on the finer details of the power-sharing agreement? What was the aim of the power-sharing agreement? What was considered to be the result of a referendum on the proposed constitution? What was the result of a referendum to vote on the proposed constitution? What did the new constitution give Kenyans a bill of rights? What was the name of the ceremony that was accompanied by a 21-gun salute? What was the name of the new constitution that delegates more power to local governments? What did Uhuru Kenyatta sign in December 2014? What did Uhuru Kenyatta sign in December 2014? What did Uhuru Kenyatta believe the Security Laws Amendment Bill was necessary to guard against armed groups? What did Uhuru Kenyatta believe the Security Laws Amendment Bill was necessary to guard against armed groups? What did the governments of the United States, Britain, Germany and France caution about the impact of the Security Laws Amendment Bill? What was the name of the trial for President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto? Why did Barack Obama choose not to visit Kenya during his mid-2013 African trip? Why did Barack Obama not visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip? What was the name of the first American president to visit Kenya? How are the armed forces deployed? How are the armed forces deployed in peacekeeping missions around the world? What did the Waki Commission say the country had performed its duty well? What have Kenya's armed forces been tainted by corruption allegations? Why have Kenya's armed forces been tainted by corruption allegations? Why have Kenya's armed forces been tainted by corruption allegations? How have Kenya's armed forces been tainted by corruption allegations? What is Kenya's Human Development Index? What is Kenya's Human Development Index? What percentage of Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day? What is Kenya's Human Development Index ranked 145 out of 186 in the world? What is the biggest economy in East and Central Africa? What percentage of GDP comes from the unreliable agricultural sector? What percentage of the population relies on food aid? What percentage of GDP comes from the unreliable agricultural sector? What is Kenya's services sector dominated by tourism? What is Kenya's services sector dominated by tourism? What is Kenya's services sector dominated by tourism? What is the main source of foreign exchange in Kenya? What is the main source of foreign exchange in Kenya? What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product? What are the main cash crops in Kenya? What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product? What is the most valuable of Kenya's exports? What consortium has helped farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties? How are pigeon peas grown in areas with less than 650 mm annual rainfall? What did the ICRISAT consortium help farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties? What helped increase local producer prices in Nairobi and Mombasa? What did the ICRISAT consortium help farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties? What is one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa? What is one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa? What is one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa? What is one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa? What happened to the Kenyans for Kenya? What percentage of Kenya's GDP is made up of manufacturing? What percentage of Kenya's GDP is made up of manufacturing? What is the main industrial activity in Kenya? What is the name of the oil refinery that processes crude petroleum into petroleum products? What has the US Government's African Growth and Opportunity Act given a boost to manufacturing? What was the result of the AGOA? What is the largest share of Kenya's electricity supply? What is the largest share of Kenya's electricity supply? What is the largest share of Kenya's electricity supply? What happened to Kenya's oil reserves in Turkana? What does Tullow Oil estimate Kenya's oil reserves to be around 10 billion barrels? What does Tullow Oil estimate Kenya's oil reserves to be about 10 billion barrels? How much of the national import bill does Kenya have? What did Liu Guangyuan write about Kenya's capital FM? What did Liu Guangyuan write about Kenya's capital FM? What was the name of the company that shipped its first major consignment of minerals to China? What was the name of the company that shipped its first major consignment of minerals to China? What has China been causing environmental and social problems? What was the name of the economic development programme that Kenya hopes to put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030? What did the Kenyan government unveiled in 2007? What did the Kenyan government do in 2013? What did the Kenyan government say was an oversight of in 2013? What did the Kenyan government unveil at the launch of Vision 2030? How is child labour common in Kenya? In 2006, UNICEF estimated that up to 30% of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution? What is the cause of child labour in Kenya? What are some of the causes of child labour in Kenya? How do Kenyans speak their mother tongues? What are Kenya's official languages used in varying degrees of fluency for communication with other populations? What are the two official languages used in Kenya? How is British English primarily used in Kenya? What percentage of Kenyans are Christian? What percentage of Kenyans are Christian? What does the Presbyterian Church of East Africa have? What is the name of the only Jewish synagogue in Kenya? What percentage of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region? What percentage of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region? What is the majority of the population of Kenya's Eastern Region? What is the percentage of Muslims in Kenya's Eastern Region? What do nurses treat 80% of the population who visit dispensaries, health centres and private clinics in rural and under-served urban areas? What are some of the cases that are referred to by the Kenyan National Bureau of Statistics? What is the number of qualified nurses registered in Kenya in 2011? What is the number of qualified nurses registered in Kenya in 2011? How do Kenyans live below the poverty level? How do Kenyans live below the poverty level? What are the main causes of the HIV epidemic in Kenya? What are the main causes of the HIV epidemic in Kenya? How many cases of malaria did Kenya have in 2006? What was the Ominde Commission formed to introduce changes that would reflect Kenya's sovereignty? When was the Ominde Commission formed? When was the Ominde Commission formed? What was the focus of the Ominde Commission? What did the Ominde Commission make to reflect national cohesion? What was the Presidential Working Party commissioned to look at in 1981? What was the Presidential Working Party commissioned to look at in 1981? What was the Presidential Working Party commissioned to look at in 1981? What is the structure of the 8–4–4 system? What was the name of the 8-4-4 system launched in 1985? What did the 8-4-4 system put more emphasis on vocational subjects? What did the 8-4-4 system put more emphasis on vocational subjects? What did the Government of Kenya announce the introduction of free primary education? What did the Government of Kenya announce in 2003? What type of education is free in public schools? What is the name of the basic formal education that starts at age six? What type of education is free in public schools? What can a graduate of a polytechnic or other technical college do? What is the literacy level in Kenya? What is the key requirement for admission to Standard One? What is the key requirement for admission to Standard One? What does the KCPE determine at the end of primary education? What is the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education? What does KNLS stand for? What is the KNLS? What does KNLS stand for? What does KNLS stand for? What is Kenya's main sport? What is Kenya's dominance in the world of distance running? How do Kenyan athletes continue to dominate the world of distance running? How do Kenyan athletes continue to dominate the world of distance running? What was Kenya's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics? What was Kenya's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics? What was Kenya's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics? What happened to Kenya's athletes in the 1970's? Why did Bernard Lagat choose to represent the United States? What has Kenya been a dominant force in women's volleyball? What is Kenya's most successful team sport? What has Kenya competed in the Cricket World Cup since 1996? Who is the current captain of Kenya? Why was Kenya a regional powerhouse in soccer? Where is the Safari Rally? Where is the Safari Rally? Why did the Safari Rally become a part of the World Rally Championship? What type of meals do Kenyans typically have in a day? What are the three meals in a day? What is the name of the breakfast that Kenyans have? What type of food is usually eaten by much of the population for lunch or supper? What is the IPCC? What is the purpose of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change? What is the goal of the UNFCCC? What is the main international treaty on climate change? What is the purpose of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change? Who is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015? Who is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015? What did Hoesung Lee do before the election of the new IPCC Bureau? What did Ismail El Gizouli do to the IPCC? What was Hoesung Lee's role in the IPCC? What is the IPCC Panel composed of? How many people attended the 2003 meeting? How many people attended the 2003 meeting? How many people were in attendance at the 2003 meeting? What does the IPCC receive funding through the IPCC Trust Fund? What does the IPCC receive funding through the IPCC Trust Fund? Who established the IPCC Trust Fund? How is the IPCC Trust Fund required to comply with the Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO? What does the IPCC receive funding through the IPCC Trust Fund? What does the IPCC do? How does the IPCC monitor climate related data? What does the IPCC recommend that authors give priority to peer-reviewed sources? What are some examples of non-peer-reviewed sources? How many lead authors are responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors? How many lead authors are responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors? How many lead authors are responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors? What is the responsibility of the coordinating lead authors? What is the responsibility of the coordinating lead authors? What is the executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report? What does the executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report result in? What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers say is responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect? What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect? What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers believe the global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade in the 21st century? In 2001, how many national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change? In 2001, how many national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change? What was the name of the joint statement made by the Australian Academy of Science? What was the name of the statement made by the national science academies on climate change? What was the name of the statement made by the national science academies on climate change? What has Richard Lindzen made a number of criticisms of the TAR? What has Richard Lindzen said the SPM understates the uncertainty associated with climate models? What did John Houghton say the SPM understates the uncertainty associated with climate models? What did John Houghton say the SPM understates the uncertainty associated with climate models? What did Houghton say the SPM understates the uncertainty associated with climate models? What is the same as the preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports? What was the name of the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation? What was the name of the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation? How were the Special Reports requested by the IPCC? How does the IPCC support the UNFCCC process? How does the IPCC support the UNFCCC? How does the IPCC support the UNFCCC? What does the IPCC concentrate on? What has the IPCC since acknowledged that the date of 2035 was incorrect? What did the IPCC regret in the final summary? What did the IPCC regret for the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures? What did the IPCC regret for the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures? What has the former IPCC chairman said that the mistakes all seem to have gone in the direction of making it seem to be more serious by overstating the impact of climate change? What has the former IPCC chairman Robert Watson said the errors have gone in the direction of making it seem to be more serious by overstating the impact of climate change? What did Martin Parry say was a clamour without substance? What did Martin Parry say was a clamour without substance? What did Martin Parry say was a clamour without substance? What was the name of the graph that was based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes? What was the name of the graph that was based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes? What was the name of the third assessment report? What did the MBH99 finding support? What did the MBH99 based graph feature in publicity? What was the name of Fred Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project? How was the MBH99 based graph featured in publicity? How was the MBH99 based graph featured in publicity? When did Fred Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project argue against the MBH99 graph? What did Barton say was a "misguided and illegitimate investigation"? What did Barton say was a "misguided and illegitimate investigation"? What did Barton say was a "misguided and illegitimate investigation"? What did Sherwood Boehlert say was a "misguided and illegitimate investigation"? What did Sherwood Boehlert say was a "misguided and illegitimate investigation"? What did the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report feature? What did the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report feature? How many reconstructions did Osborn & Briffa 2006 cover? What did the section of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report discuss? How many reconstructions did Osborn & Briffa 2006 cover? When was a study published on climate suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates of the last IPCC report in 2001? When was the last IPCC report published? What did the study compared IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change with observations? What did the study compared IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change with observations? What is another example of scientific research that suggests that previous estimates by the IPCC have actually understated them? What did the researchers find in 2100 sea levels would be greater than the 9-88 cm? What did the researchers find in 2100 sea levels would be above 1990 levels? What are the values of sea levels that the IPCC has understated? What did Oppenheimer ask for? What did Oppenheimer ask for? What did Oppenheimer ask for? What did the Kyoto Protocol fail in case of climate change? What did the Kyoto Protocol fail in case of the Ozone depletion? What was the Ozone case used to assess the efficiency of the IPCC process? How did Sheldon Ungar compare the ozone depletion case to global warming? What was the ozone depletion case based on? How was the ozone depletion case based? What did Sheldon Ungar say the ozone depletion case had a better understanding of scientific ignorance and uncertainties? Why does the IPCC operate on the basis of scientific papers and independently documented results from other scientific bodies? What does the IPCC do to change our understanding of climate science between this deadline and publication of an IPCC report? Why does the IPCC operate on the basis of scientific papers and independently documented results from other scientific bodies? What did five climate scientists write in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC? What did five climate scientists write in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC? What did the authors of the Fourth Assessment Report call for changes to the IPCC? What did the climate scientists call for changes to the IPCC? What is the main role of Chloroplasts? What is the main role of Chloroplasts? What is the main role of Chloroplasts? What is the Calvin cycle? What is the Calvin cycle? What is influenced by light color and intensity? What is a major factor in the behavior of Chloroplasts? What is a major factor in the behavior of Chloroplasts? What is a major factor in the behavior of Chloroplasts? What is the reason for the inherited DNA of Chloroplasts? What are chloroplasts found in plants and algae? What happened to chloroplasts in 1905? What happened to chloroplasts in 1905? What happened to chloroplasts in 1905? What happened to chloroplasts in 1905? What are Cyanobacteria considered the ancestors of chloroplasts? What are Cyanobacteria considered the ancestors of chloroplasts? What are Cyanobacteria a diverse phylum of bacteria capable of carrying out photosynthesis? What does a peptidoglycan cell wall mean? What are Cyanobacteria considered the ancestors of chloroplasts? How did a free-living cyanobacterium escape the phagocytic vacuole? How did a free-living cyanobacterium escape the phagocytic vacuole? How did a free-living cyanobacterium escape the phagocytic vacuole? How did a free-living cyanobacterium escape the phagocytic vacuole? What happened to the cyanobacterium's genes? What are the primary plastids? What are the primary plastids? What are the primary plastids? What are the primary plastids? What is the name of the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage? What is one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast? What is one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast? What are muroplasts? What do glaucophyte chloroplasts contain? What do glaucophyte chloroplasts contain? What does phycobilin phycoerytherin give many red algae their distinctive red color? What does phycobilin pigments prevent from stacking on the thylakoid membranes? What does phycobilin phycoerytherin give many red algae their distinctive red color? What does the red phycoerytherin pigment do? What type of pigments are used in rhodoplasts? What are the host organisms of the chloroplastidan chloroplasts? What are most green chloroplasts? What have some plants lost the peptidoglycan wall between their double membrane and replaced it with an intermembrane space? What have some plants lost the peptidoglycan wall between their double membrane and replaced it with an intermembrane space? What are the host organisms of the chloroplastidan chloroplasts? What happens when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it? What happens when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it? What happens when a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it? What happened to the eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it? What did the eukaryote engulf a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it? What is the name of the group of common flagellated protists that contain chloroplasts derived from a green alga? What is the name of the group of common flagellated protists that contain chloroplasts derived from a green alga? What do Euglenophytes have a pyrenoid and thylakoids stacked in groups of three? What are the pyrenoid and thylakoids of Euglenophyte chloroplasts? What are the three membranes of Euglenophyte chloroplasts? What is a group of algae that contain a red-algal derived chloroplast? What is a group of algae that contain a red-algal derived chloroplast? What do Cryptophyte chloroplasts contain? What is the outermost of Cryptophyte chloroplasts? What are pyrenoid and thylakoids in stacks of two? What type of chromalveolates do apicomplexans have? What is another group of chromalveolates? What are apicomplexans? What does Plasmodium stand for? What do apicomplexans store their energy in? What does the fact that apicomplexans still keep their nonphotosynthetic chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis? What makes the apicoplast an attractive target for drugs to cure apicomplexan-related diseases? What is the most important apicoplast function? What do apicomplexans do? What does the fact that apicomplexans still keep their nonphotosynthetic chloroplast around demonstrates how the chloroplast carries out important functions other than photosynthesis? What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast? What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast? What is the outermost membrane not connected to the endoplasmic reticulum? What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast? What did the fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages lose their original red algal derived chloroplast and replaced it with a new chloroplast derived from a haptophyte endosymbiont? What did the fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages lose their original red algal derived chloroplast and replaced it with a new chloroplast derived from a haptophyte endosymbiont? Why did the fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages lose their original red algal derived chloroplast? Why did the fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages lose their original red algal derived chloroplast? What does the genus Dinophysis have a phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte? What does a phycobilin-containing chloroplast take from a cryptophyte? What does the genus Dinophysis have a phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte? What does the chloroplast require to maintain their nucleomorph? What do some dinophytes have a diatom derived chloroplast? What do some dinophytes have a diatom derived chloroplast? What is a diatom derived chloroplast? What is a diatom derived chloroplast? What does the diatom endosymbiont have? What is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage? What is the name of the dinophytes that lost their original peridinin chloroplast and replaced it with a green algal derived chloroplast? What is the name of the dinophytes that lost their original peridinin chloroplast and replaced it with a green algal derived chloroplast? What is the name of the dinophytes that lost their original peridinin chloroplast and replaced it with a green algal derived chloroplast? What is the name of the dinophytes that lost their original peridinin chloroplast and replaced it with a green algal derived chloroplast? What did Paulinella chromatophora acquire more recently? What did Paulinella chromatophora acquire more recently? What does Paulinella chromatophora have? What does Paulinella chromatophora have? What does Paulinella chromatophora have? What is the plastome? What is the plastome? What is the plastome? What is the plastome? What is the plastome? What are inverted repeat regions highly conserved among land plants? How do inverted repeats help stabilize the rest of the chloroplast genome? How do inverted repeats help stabilize the rest of the chloroplast genome? What have scientists attempted to observe chloroplast replication via electron microscopy since the 1970s? How has the mechanism for chloroplast DNA replication been determined? What does D-loop mean? What does D-loop mean? What does D-loop mean? What happens to DNA when it is single stranded? What happens when replication forks form? What is the leading theory of cpDNA? What is the leading theory of cpDNA? What is the second theory that most cpDNA is actually linear and replicates through homologous recombination? What is one of the competing models for cpDNA replication? What is one of the competing models for cpDNA replication? What does a D-loop mechanism of replication do? Why does homologous recombination do not expand the multiple A --> G gradients seen in plastomes? What does endosymbiotic gene transfer mean about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages? What does endosymbiotic gene transfer provide evidence for the lost chloroplast's existence? What does endosymbiotic gene transfer provide evidence for the lost chloroplast's existence? What does endosymbiotic gene transfer provide evidence for the lost chloroplast's existence? How are some of the proteins that aren't targeted back to the chloroplast? What happens to half of the protein products of transferred genes that aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast? How are some of the proteins that aren't targeted back to the chloroplast? How do some transferred chloroplast DNA protein products get directed to the secretory pathway? What happens when a chloroplast polypeptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol? What happens when a chloroplast polypeptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol? What does Phosphorylation prevent chloroplast proteins from folding prematurely? What does Phosphorylation prevent chloroplast proteins from folding prematurely? How are chloroplasts in land plants? How are chloroplasts in land plants? How are chloroplasts in land plants? How are chloroplasts in land plants? How are chloroplasts in land plants? What is often cited as evidence that chloroplasts are the descendants of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria? What is often interpreted as meaning the outer chloroplast membrane is the product of the host's cell membrane infolding to form a vesicle to surround the ancestral cyanobacterium? What is often interpreted as meaning the outer chloroplast membrane is the product of the host's cell membrane infolding to form a vesicle to surround the ancestral cyanobacterium? What is not a valid comparison to the mitochondrial double membrane? How is the chloroplast double membrane compared to the mitochondrial double membrane? How is the chloroplast double membrane compared to the mitochondrial double membrane? What is the only chloroplast structure that can be considered analogous to it? What does the inner chloroplast membrane have no counterpart in the mitochondrion? What are stromules very rare in chloroplasts? What happens to the chloroplast membranes? Why are stromules more common in chloroplasts? What did some plant biologists claim that stromules were just oddly shaped chloroplasts with constricted regions? What is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum? What is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum? What is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum? What is the purpose of the chloroplast peripheral reticulum? What is the purpose of the chloroplast peripheral reticulum? What do Chloroplasts use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins? What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes? What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes? What do chloroplast ribosomes have? What do chloroplast ribosomes lack motifs for shine-dalgarno sequence recognition? What are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins? What are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins? What are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins? What are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins? What are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45-60 nanometers across? What are plastoglobuli now thought to be permanently attached to a thylakoid? What are plastoglobuli now thought to be permanently attached to a thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus attached to a thylakoid? What happens when a plastoglobulus is attached to a thylakoid? What happens to plastoglobuli in old or stressed chloroplasts? What are pyrenoids not found in higher plants? What are pyrenoids not found in higher plants? What are pyrenoids not found in higher plants? What are pyrenoids not found in higher plants? How can pyrenoids accumulate around pyrenoids when CO2 is scarce? What does grana consist of a stack of flattened circular granal thylakoids that resemble pancakes? What does grana consist of in the helical thylakoid model? How many thylakoids can be found in a granum? How many thylakoids can be found in a granum? What are helicoid stromal thylakoids? What are photosystem II and photosystem I? What are photosystem II and photosystem I? What are photosystem II and photosystem I? What is ATP synthase? What is ATP synthase? What are stromal thylakoids in contact with the stroma? What are stromal thylakoids in contact with the stroma? What are stromal thylakoids in contact with the stroma? What are stromal thylakoids? What are stromal thylakoids? How many photosynthetic carotenoids are there? What does carotenoids help transfer and dissipate excess energy? What does carotenoids help transfer and dissipate excess energy? What is a bright red-orange carotenoid found in nearly all chloroplasts? What is a bright red-orange carotenoid found in nearly all chloroplasts? What type of pigments are found in cyanobacteria, glaucophyte, red algal, and cryptophyte chloroplasts? What are the third group of pigments found in cyanobacteria, glaucophyte, red algal, and cryptophyte chloroplasts? What does phycobilins make many red algae red? How do phycobilins organize into protein complexes? How do phycobilins organize into protein complexes? What is rubisco? What is rubisco? What is rubisco? What is a big problem with rubisco? What is rubisco? What are chloroplasts in mesophyll cells specialized for each stage of photosynthesis? What are chloroplasts in mesophyll cells specialized for each stage of photosynthesis? What are chloroplasts in mesophyll cells specialized for each stage of photosynthesis? What is the process called C4 photosynthesis? What is the main reason that bundle sheath chloroplasts have large starch grains? What are the chloroplasts that make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green? What are the chloroplasts that make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green? What is the name of a plant cell that contains chloroplasts? What is the name of a plant cell that contains chloroplasts? What is the name of a plant cell that contains chloroplasts? How many chloroplasts are found in leaf tissue? How many chloroplasts can be found in a leaf? What can be found in the bundle sheath cells of a leaf? How many chloroplasts can be found in a leaf? How many chloroplasts are found in a leaf? In low-light conditions, what can the chloroplasts of plant and algal cells orient themselves to best suit the available light? What is one way that chloroplasts can orient themselves to best suit the available light? What is the effect of aligning in vertical columns along the plant cell's cell wall or turning sideways so that light strikes them edge-on? What is the reason why land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts? What is one of the most closely regulated stimulus-response systems that can be found in plants? What are the two main immune responses of plants? What are the two main immune responses of plants? What are the two main immune responses of plants? What does Chloroplasts do to produce reactive oxygen species? What does Chloroplasts do to produce reactive oxygen species? What can chloroplasts serve as defense-signals? What can chloroplasts serve as defense-signals? What can chloroplasts serve as defense-signals? What do chloroplasts initiate retrograde signaling? What is one of the main functions of the chloroplast? What is one of the main functions of the chloroplast? What is one of the main functions of the chloroplast? What is one of the main functions of the chloroplast? What is one of the main functions of the chloroplast? What do chloroplasts use to generate ATP energy? What do the molecules between the photosystems harness the electrons' energy to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space? What do the molecules between the photosystems harness the electrons' energy to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space? What does ATP synthase do? What does ATP synthase do? What is cyclic photophosphorylation? What is the term for cyclic photophosphorylation? What is cyclic photophosphorylation common in C4 plants? What is cyclic photophosphorylation common in C4 plants? What is the Calvin cycle? What is the result of the Calvin cycle? What is the result of the Calvin cycle? What is the Calvin cycle? How can glucose monomers in the chloroplast be linked together to make starch? What happens to the starch grains in the chloroplast? What happens to the starch grains in the chloroplast? What can cause starch buildup in the chloroplasts? What is a side effect of a photosynthesis-depressing factor? How can photorespiration occur when the oxygen concentration is too high? What can occur when the oxygen concentration is too high? What does Rubisco accidentally add O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP? What does Rubisco use to reduce the efficiency of photosynthesis? What is a notable feature of CCMs in C4 plants? What do chloroplasts make in a plant cell's stroma? What do chloroplasts make in a plant cell's stroma? What is the main reason chloroplasts make the precursors to methionine? What is the reason the chloroplast is known to make the precursors to methionine? What is a special type of a plant cell organelle called a plastid? What are chloroplasts descended from? What are chloroplasts commonly found in an adult plant's apical meristems? What is a common term for chloroplasts? What happens when angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation? What do etioplasts lack chlorophyll? What do etioplasts lack chlorophyll? What do etioplasts have a yellow chlorophyll precursor stocked? What happens when an etioplast becomes a chloroplast? What are chromoplasts responsible for? What are chromoplasts responsible for? What are chromoplasts responsible for? What are chromoplasts responsible for? What happens when a plant is injured? What is the division process of the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2? What is the division process of the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2? What is the division process of the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2? What is the division process of the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2? What does the Min system manage to ensure that the chloroplast is cleaved more or less evenly? What happens to the inner plastid-dividing ring? What happens to the inner plastid-dividing ring? What is the outer plastid-dividing ring found wrapped around the outer chloroplast membrane? What is the outer plastid-dividing ring found wrapped around the outer chloroplast membrane? What happens when a third plastid-dividing ring is found in the chloroplast's intermembrane space? What has been shown to be a requirement for chloroplast division? What is a requirement for chloroplast division? What is a requirement for chloroplast division? What is a requirement for chloroplast division? Why have chloroplasts caught attention by developers of genetically modified crops? What makes plastid transformation a valuable tool for the creation and cultivation of genetically modified plants? What is the biological containment strategy suitable for establishing the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture? What is the biological containment strategy suitable for establishing the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture? What is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself? What is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself? What does the fundamental theorem of arithmetic establish the central role of primes in number theory? What does the fundamental theorem of arithmetic establish the central role of primes in number theory? What does the fundamental theorem of arithmetic establish the central role of primes in number theory? What is a simple but slow method of verifying the primality of a given number called trial division? What is primality? What is a trial division used to test the primality of large numbers? What is a trial division used to test the primality of large numbers? What is the largest known prime number? How many primes are shown by Euclid around 300 BC? How many primes are shown by Euclid around 300 BC? What is no known simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite numbers? How can the distribution of primes be modelled? How can the distribution of primes be modelled? What did Goldbach's conjecture spur the development of various branches of number theory? What did Goldbach's conjecture spur the development of various branches of number theory? What led to the development of various branches of number theory? What are primes used in public-key cryptography? What are primes used in other mathematical domains? What does the image at the right illustrate that 1 2 is not prime? What does the image at the right illustrate that 12 is not prime? What does the term odd prime refer to? What does the term odd prime refer to when written in the usual decimal system? What does the term odd prime refer to when written in the usual decimal system? How did most early Greeks consider 1 to be a prime? When did Christian Goldbach list 1 as the first prime number? When did Christian Goldbach list 1 as the first prime number? In the 19th century many mathematicians still considered the number 1 to be a prime? What did many mathematicians consider 1 to be a prime? What did Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic not hold as stated? Why would the sieve of Eratosthenes not work correctly if 1 was considered a prime? What does the sieve of Eratosthenes do? What does the sieve of Eratosthenes do? Why would the sieve of Eratosthenes not work correctly if 1 was considered a prime? What are the earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers? The earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers come from the Ancient Greeks? What are the earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers? What is the name of the Elements that contain important theorems about primes? What did Euclid's Elements show how to construct a perfect number from a Mersenne prime? What was Fermat's little theorem? What was Fermat's little theorem? What did Fermat conjectured that all numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime? What did the monk Marin Mersenne look at primes of the form 2p 1 with p a prime? What did Fermat conjecture that all numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime? What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n? What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n? What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n? What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n? What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n? What are the two main classes of primality tests for general numbers n? What are the two main classes of primality tests for general numbers n? What are the two main classes of primality tests for general numbers n? What are the two main classes of primality tests for general numbers n? What does deterministic algorithms do? What is the Fermat primality test? What is the Fermat primality test? What is a flaw with the Fermat primality test? What is a flaw with the Fermat primality test? What is a flaw with the Fermat primality test? What are factorial primes? What are factorial primes? What is the Lucas-Lehmer test particularly fast for numbers of this form? What are factorial primes? What are factorial primes? What are the largest known primes of the mentioned types? What was the prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits? What was the prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million digits? What does the Electronic Frontier Foundation offer for primes with at least 10 million digits? What are the largest known primes of the mentioned types? What is the largest integer not greater than the number in question? What formula can be shown using Bertrand's postulate? What can be shown using Bertrand's postulate? What formula can be shown using Bertrand's postulate? What formula is based on Wilson's theorem? What does Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions assert that the progression contains infinitely many primes? What does Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions assert that the progression contains infinitely many primes? What does Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions assert that the progression contains infinitely many primes? What does Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions say the progression contains infinitely many primes? What does Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions assert that the progression contains infinitely many prime numbers? What is the zeta function closely related to prime numbers? What is the zeta function closely related to prime numbers? What is one example of the richness of the zeta function? What is another example of the richness of the zeta function? What is Euler's name? What does the unproven Riemann hypothesis say that all zeroes of the -function have real part equal to 1/2? What does the unproven Riemann hypothesis say that all zeroes of the -function have real part equal to 1/2? What does the unproven Riemann hypothesis say the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise? What does the unproven Riemann hypothesis say the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise? What does the unproven Riemann hypothesis say the irregularity in the distribution of primes only comes from random noise? What is Goldbach's conjecture? What is Goldbach's conjecture? What is Goldbach's conjecture? What has been verified for all numbers up to n = 2 1017? What does Chen's theorem say that every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as a sum of three primes? What is a third type of conjecture? What is a third type of conjecture? What is Polignac's conjecture? What does Polignac's conjecture state that for every positive integer n, there are infinitely many pairs of consecutive primes that differ by 2n? What does Brocard's conjecture say there are always at least four primes between the squares of consecutive primes greater than 2? Why was number theory seen as a canonical example of pure mathematics? What did the British mathematician G. H. Hardy pride themselves on doing? What was shattered in the 1970s when it was announced that prime numbers could be used as the basis for the creation of public key cryptography algorithms? What are prime numbers used for? What are prime numbers used for? What is the consequence of Fermat's little theorem? What is the consequence of Fermat's little theorem? What is another consequence of Fermat's little theorem? What does Wilson's theorem say an integer p > 1 is prime if and only if the factorial (p 1)! is divisible by n? What is another consequence of Fermat's little theorem? What does RSA believe it is more efficient to perform the multiplication of two numbers x and y than to calculate x and y? What is RSA's key exchange based on? What does RSA believe it is more efficient to perform the multiplication of two numbers x and y than to calculate x and y? The Diffie-Hellman key exchange relies on the assumption that it is much easier to perform the multiplication of two (large) numbers x and y than to calculate x and y? What does RSA believe it is more efficient to perform the multiplication of two numbers x and y than to calculate x and y? What is the evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada? What is the evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada? What is the evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada? What is believed to be a problem with the prime number intervals between emergences? How do cicadas react to prime numbers? What does "prime" mean? What does "prime" mean? What is a knot that is indecomposable in the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two nontrivial knots? What does "prime" mean? In knot theory, a prime knot is a knot that is indecomposable in the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two nontrivial knots? What are prime elements and irreducible elements? What are prime elements and irreducible elements? What are prime elements and irreducible elements? What are prime elements and irreducible elements? What are prime elements and irreducible elements? What does the fundamental theorem of arithmetic hold in unique factorization domains? What is the fundamental theorem of arithmetic? What is the fundamental theorem of arithmetic? What is the fundamental theorem of arithmetic? What are Gaussian primes? When is the notion of number replaced with the notion of ideal? What is an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry? What is an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry? What are prime ideals? What are prime ideals? What are prime ideals? What does factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field bear some resemblance with ramification in geometry? What are prime ideals used in proving quadratic reciprocity? What are prime ideals used in proving quadratic reciprocity? What happens when a number is multiplied by p? What does Ostrowski's theorem mean? What does completing with respect to the p-adic norm yield the field of p-adic numbers? What does Ostrowski's theorem mean? What did Olivier Messiaen use prime numbers to create ametrical music? What did Olivier Messiaen use prime numbers to create ametrical music? What did Olivier Messiaen use prime numbers to create ametrical music? What did Olivier Messiaen use prime numbers to create ametrical music? What did Olivier Messiaen use prime numbers to create ametrical music? What is the name of the river Rhine? What is the name of the river Rhine? What is the biggest city on the river Rhine? What is the biggest city on the river Rhine? What is the biggest city on the river Rhine? What is the name of the river Rhine? What is the name of the river Rhine? What is the biggest city on the river Rhine? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhin e in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhin e in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What are the variant forms of the Rhine in modern languages derived from? What is the Rhine-kilometers scale introduced in 1939? What is the traditional measurement of the Rhine? What is the traditional measurement of the Rhine? What is the traditional measurement of the Rhine? How is the Rhine shortened from the river's natural course? What is the Rhine-kilometer? What is the traditional measurement of the Rhine? What is the traditional measurement of the Rhine? How is the Rhine shortened from the river's natural course? What is the traditional measurement of the Rhine? What does the river make a distinctive turn to the north near Chur? What is the Rhine Valley? What is the Rhine Valley? What is the Rhine Valley? The Alpine Rhine begins in the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graubünden? What does the river make a distinctive turn to the north near Chur? What is the Rhine Valley? What is the Rhine Valley? What is the Rhine Valley? The Alpine Rhine begins in the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graubünden? What is the name of the inland delta? The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta? The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta? What is the name of the local Alemannic dialect? What is the local pronunciation of Esel? What is the name of the inland delta? The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta? The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta? What is the name of the natural Rhine that formed small islands by precipitating sediments? What is the name of the local Alemannic dialect? What was called for to counteract flooding and sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta? What was called for to counteract flooding and sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta? What was called for to counteract flooding and sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta? What happened to the Dornbirner Ach? What is expected to happen to the former Lake Tuggenersee? What was called for to counteract flooding and sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta? What was called for to counteract flooding and sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta? What was called for to counteract flooding and sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta? What happened to the Dornbirner Ach? What is expected to happen to the former Lake Tuggenersee? What is the name of the lake that is located near the Alps? What is the name of the lake that is located near the Alps? What is the name of the lake that is located near the Alps? What is the name of the lake that flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border? What is the name of the lake that is located near the Alps? What is the name of the lake that is located near the Alps? Where is the Seerhein located? Where is the Seerhein located? What is the name of the lake that flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border? What are the shorelines of Lake Constance? Why does the Rhine water fall into the depths? What happens to the flow of cold, gray mountain water into Lake Überlingen? Why does the Rhine water fall into the depths? What is the difference between the Rhine and Seerhein? What happens on the surface of the lake? Why does the Rhine water fall into the depths? What happens on the surface of the lake? What happens to the flow of cold, gray mountain water into Lake Überlingen? What happens to the flow of cold mountain water from Mainau to Lake Überlingen? What is the difference between the Rhine and Seerhein? What is the name of the river Aare? What is the name of the river Aare? How much of the Rhine's water discharge does the Aare provide? What is the name of the river Aare? How does the Rhine form the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance? What is the name of the river Aare? What is the name of the river Aare? How much of the Rhine's water discharge does the Aare provide? What is the name of the river Aare? How does the Rhine form the German -Swiss border from Lake Constance? Where is the "Rhine knee" located? Where is the Rhine knee located? What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine? What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine? What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine? Where is the "Rhine knee" located? Where is the Rhine knee located? Where is the "Rhine knee" located? Where does the Central Bridge end? What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine? What happened to the Upper Rhine region in the 19th century? What happened to the Rhine straightening program in the 19th century? What happened to the Rhine region in the 19th century? What happened to the Grand Canal d'Alsace? What is the name of the large compensation pools in Alsace? What happened to the Upper Rhine region in the 19th century? What happened to the Upper Rhine region in the 19th century? What happened to the Rhine straightening program in the 19th century? What happened to the Rhine region in the 19th century? What happened to the Grand Canal d'Alsace? What is the longest river in Germany? What is the longest river in Germany? What is the longest river in Germany? What is the longest river in Germany? What happens to the Rhine as it approaches the Dutch border? What is the longest river in Germany? What is the longest river in Germany? What is the longest river in Germany? What does Northeastern France drain to the Rhine via the Moselle? What happens to the Rhine as it approaches the Dutch border? Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge? Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge? Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge? What is the name of the UNESCO World Heritage Site? Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge? Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge? What is the gorge of the Rhine Gorge? What is the name of the UNESCO World Heritage Site? What is the main source of water pollution in Duisburg? What is the main source of water pollution in Duisburg? What does the Ruhr provide the region with drinking water? What does the Ruhr provide the region with drinking water? What is the main source of water pollution in Duisburg? When was industry a major source of water pollution? What is the main source of water pollution in Duisburg? What is the main source of water pollution in Duisburg? What is the main source of water pollution in Duisburg? What does the Ruhr provide the region with drinking water? The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? What is the Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? Where is the Rhine Gorge located? The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? What is the Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? What is the Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? Where is the Rhine Gorge located? What is the Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? What is the most important city in the Rhine-Ruhr region? Where is the Wesel-Datteln Canal located? Where is the Wesel-Datteln Canal located? What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany? What is the name of the longest suspension bridge in Germany? How does the Lower Rhine flow through North Rhine-Westphalia? What is the largest conurbation in Germany? What is the largest conurbation in Germany? What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany? What is the name of the longest suspension bridge in Germany? What happens when the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water? Why does the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincide with the main flow of water? What happens when the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water? What happens when the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water? What happens when the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water? What happens when the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water? What happens when the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water? How does the water flow through the Pannerdens Kanaal and Nederrijn? How does the water flow through the Pannerdens Kanaal and Nederrijn? What does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek? What does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek? How does the water flow through the Pannerdens Kanaal and Nederrijn? How does the water flow through the Pannerdens Kanaal and Nederrijn? What does the IJssel branch carry? What does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek? What does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek? What is the name of the river Rhine? What is the name of the river Rhine? What is the name of the old north branch of the Rhine? What is the name of the old north branch of the Rhine? What is the name of the old north branch of the Rhine? What is the most important natural region of the Netherlands? What is the most important natural region of the Netherlands? Why is the Rhine-Meuse Delta commonly used? What is the shape of the Rhine delta determined by? What happens when the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn? What is the shape of the Rhine delta determined by? What does the northern flow keep the name IJssel until it flows into Lake IJsselmeer? What happens when the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn? When did the Meuse form an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek? When did the Meuse form an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek? When did the Meuse form an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek? When did the Meuse and Waal merge to form Merwede? What did the Meuse form before the St. Elizabeth's flood? What is the hydrography of the current delta characterized by? How did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta? What is the hydrography of the current delta characterized by? How did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta? What is the Rhine-Meuse Delta? What is the Rhine-Meuse Delta? What was the reason for the tidal influence in the Rhine-Meuse Delta? What is the most landward tidal influence detected between Brakel and Zaltbommel? How does the Mediterranean Sea descend from the Tethys sea? What happened to the Tethys sea in the Jurassic Period? What happened to the Tethys sea in the Jurassic Period? What was the stage set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era? What happened to the Tethys sea in the Jurassic Period? When did the Alpine orogeny cause a N-S rift system to develop in the Rhine Graben zone? What is the main element of the rift system in the Upper Rhine Graben? When did the Upper Rhine Graben continue northward? What happened to the Upper Rhine Graben? How did the Rhine extend its watershed southward? By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains? By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains? When was the geological period of the Ice Ages? What was the geological period of the Ice Ages? What was the geological period of the Ice Ages? What was the geological period of the Ice Ages? What happened to the Rhine's course during the Ice Ages? What did the last glacial run from 74,000? What was the last glacial? What was the peak of the last glacial in north west Europe? What did the last glacial run from 74,000 to the end of the Pleistocene? What is the global last ice age maximum? Why was the Rhine's current course not under the ice during the last Ice Age? What was the name of the tundra in the last Ice Age? When was the Last Glacial Maximum? When was the Last Glacial Maximum? What happened to the tundra during the Last Glacial Maximum? What happened to the frozen subsoil and alpine glaciers? What happened to the frozen subsoil and alpine glaciers? What happened to the discharge of snow to the Rhine and its downstream extension? When did rapid warming and changes of vegetation begin? When was Europe fully forested? How long has a situation with tides and currents existed? What happened to the sea level in the southern North Sea since 7500 yr ago? What happened to the sea level in the southern North Sea since 7500 yr ago? What is the rate of sea level rising in the southern North Sea? What is the rate of sea level rising in the southern North Sea? When did the Rhine occupy its Late-Glacial valley? What caused the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta to begin? When did the Rhine occupy its Late-Glacial valley? When did the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta begin? When is human impact seen in the delta? What caused the growth of the Rhine in the delta? Why is human impact seen in the delta? What was the direct impact of peat mining in the delta? How many avulsions have occurred in the delta? What do the branches Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to the North Sea? What do the branches Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to the North Sea? What is the name of the river IJssel? What is the name of the river IJssel? What is the name of the River Waal and Nederrijn-Lek? How did the Rhine form the boundary between Gallia and Germania? When did the Rhine form the boundary between Gaul and Germania? The Rhine formed the boundary between Gallia and Germania? What was the name of the Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil? When did Rome accept the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube? When did Rome accept the water-boundary of the Rhine and upper Danube? What was the northern part of the frontier that remained the Roman boundary until the empire fell? What did Rome accept as her Germanic frontier? What did Rome accept as her Germanic frontier? How many legions did the Romans keep in five bases along the Rhine? What was the name of thetown of the Ubii? When did the Romans assign legions to oppidum Ubiorum? How did the Romans keep eight legions in five bases along the Rhine? When did the Romans assign legions to oppidum Ubiorum? What did the Germanic tribes cross the Rhine in the Migration period? What did the Germanic tribes cross the Rhine in the Migration period? What is the name of the "Germanic Heroic Age"? What is the name of the "Germanic Heroic Age"? What is the name of the "Germanic Heroic Age"? When was the Rhine within the borders of Francia? In the 6th century, the Rhine was within the borders of Francia? In the 6th century, the Rhine was within the borders of Francia? What happened to the Alsace on the left banks of the Upper Rhine? What happened to the Alsace on the left banks of the Upper Rhine? When did the Upper Rhine form a contentious border between France and Germany? Why did the Upper Rhine form a contentious border between France and Germany? What did Louis XIV and Napoleon Bonaparte try to annex lands west of the Rhine? What was the goal of the Confederation of the Rhine? What happened to the Rhine crisis in 1840? When was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles? Why was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles? Why was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles? Why did the Treaty of Versailles cause much resentment in Germany? What did the Treaty of Versailles help Hitler's rise to power? What was the central focus of the battle for Arnhem? What did the Rhine present in World War II? What was the central focus of the battle for Arnhem? What was the purpose of the Operation Market Garden? What was the name of the Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War? What was the generally accepted length of the Rhine until 1932? What was the typographical error in 1932? In 1932, what was the generally accepted length of the Rhine? What was the typographical error in 1932? What was the typographical error discovered in 2010? What did the Scotland Act 1998 set out its powers as a devolved legislature? What did the Scotland Act 1998 set out its powers as a devolved legislature? What does the Scotland Act 1998 delineate the legislative competence of the Parliament by explicitly specifying powers that are "reserved" to the Parliament of the United Kingdom? What does the Scotland Act 1998 delineate the legislative competence of the Parliament by explicitly specifying powers that are "reserved" to the Parliament of the United Kingdom? What does the Scottish Parliament have the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to Westminster? What did the lack of a Parliament of Scotland remain an important element in Scottish national identity? What did the lack of a Parliament of Scotland remain an important element in Scottish national identity? What was one of the main objectives of the Kilbrandon Commission? What was the main objective of the Kilbrandon Commission? What was Kilbrandon's report recommending the establishment of a directly elected Scottish Assembly to legislate for the majority of domestic Scottish affairs? What resulted in rising support for Scottish independence? What resulted in rising support for Scottish independence? Why did the SNP argue that oil revenues were not benefitting Scotland as much as they should? What did the Scottish National Party argue was not benefitting Scotland as much as they should? What was the result of the discovery of oil in the North Sea? What did the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum fail? What did the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum fail? What did the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum fail? What was the result of the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum? What did the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum fail? How did the demand for a Scottish Parliament grow in the 1980s and 1990s? How did the demand for a Scottish Parliament grow in the 1980s and 1990s? What was the result of the 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention? What was the result of the 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention? What is the official home of the Scottish Parliament? What was the name of the new Scottish Parliament Building? What was the name of the new Scottish Parliament Building? What is the main feature of the Scottish Parliament building? What was the name of the new Scottish Parliament Building? Why was the General Assembly Hall vacated? When was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland constructed? What was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland's temporary home? What happened to the Parliament's temporary home? What happened to the Parliament's temporary home? How did the Parliament use buildings rented from the City of Edinburgh Council? What was the former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council used for the MSP's offices? When was the former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council demolished? What was the name of the former Midlothian County Buildings that housed the Parliament's visitors' centre and shop? What was the name of the former Midlothian County Buildings that housed the Parliament's visitors' centre and shop? What is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament? What is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament? How are the Presiding Officer and deputies elected? What is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament? What is the role of the Presiding Officer? What is the Presiding Officer responsible for? What is one of the roles of the Presiding Officer? What is the role of the Presiding Officer? What is the role of the Presiding Officer? How many seats are in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament? How many seats are in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament? How many seats are in the debating chamber? How many seats are in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament? Why are the Law Officers able to sit anywhere in the debating chamber? What is the name of the parliamentary mace? What is the name of the parliamentary mace? What is the name of the mace that is displayed in a glass case suspended from the lid? What is the name of the parliamentary mace? What is the name of the mace that is displayed in a glass case suspended from the lid? What type of meetings are usually held in the debating chamber? What type of meetings are open to the public? What is the name of the chamber meetings that are open to the public? What is the reason for the public's meetings in the debating chamber? What is the Official Report? What is the first item of business on Wednesdays? What is the first item of business on Wednesdays? What is the formal style of "Prayers"? What is the formal style of "Prayers"? What is the formal style of "Prayers"? What does the Presiding Officer decide on in chamber debates? What does the Presiding Officer decide on in chamber debates? What does the Presiding Officer try to achieve? What does the Presiding Officer try to achieve a balance between different viewpoints and political parties when selecting members to speak? What does the Presiding Officer try to achieve? When do MSPs decide on all the motions and amendments that have been moved that day? What is the name of the division bell that is heard throughout the Parliamentary campus? What is the name of the division bell that is heard throughout the Parliamentary campus? What does the Presiding Officer do when there is audible dissent? How is the outcome of each division known in seconds? What can be predicted beforehand? What can be predicted beforehand? What do some MSPs do to ensure that party members vote according to the party line? What is usually done on moral issues? What happens to errant members of the Scottish Parliament? When is a "Members Debate" held? What is the term for a debate on a motion proposed by an MSP who is not a Scottish minister? When is a "Members Debate" held? What do other members normally contribute to the debate? What does a "Members Debate" mean? What is the main role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? What is the main role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? What is the main role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? What is the principal role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? What is the main role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? What is a small number of MSPs? What is a small number of MSPs? What are the different committees with their functions set out in different ways? What are committees set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders? What are the current Mandatory Committees in the fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament? How are Subject Committees established at the beginning of each parliamentary session? What does each committee correspond with? What are the current Subject Committees in the fourth Session? What are the current Subject Committees in the fourth Session? What type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament? What type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament? What type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament? What type of committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network, the Glasgow Airport Rail Link, the Airdrie-Bathgate Rail Link and extensions to the National Gallery of Scotland? What act governs the functions and role of the Scottish Parliament and delimits its legislative competence? What does the Scotland Act 1998 govern? What does the Scotland Act 2012 extend the devolved competencies? Why does the Scotland Act 2012 extend the devolved competencies? What does the Scotland Act 1998 govern? What are devolved matters that are not explicitly stated in Schedule 5 of the Scotland Act as reserved matters? What are the matters that are not explicitly stated in Schedule 5 to the Scotland Act as reserved matters? What are the matters that are not explicitly stated in Schedule 5 of the Scotland Act as reserved matters? What does the Scottish Parliament have the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound? What is the Scottish Parliament's ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound? What are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament? Why is the Scottish Parliament unable to legislate on matters that are reserved to Westminster? Why is the Scottish Parliament unable to legislate on matters that are reserved to Westminster? Why is the Scottish Parliament unable to legislate on matters that are reserved to Westminster? What is one way that the Scottish Government can introduce new laws? What is one way that the Scottish Government can introduce new laws? How can a bill be introduced to Parliament? What is one way that the Scottish Government can introduce new laws? What are most draft laws introduced by ministers in the governing party? What is the first stage of the bill? What is the first stage of the bill? What happens in Stage 1 of the bill? What happens when a bill is introduced to Parliament? What happens to the stage 1 of the bill? What stage of the bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament? What is the final stage of the bill? What stage of the bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament? What can Opposition members table wrecking amendments to the bill to cause the bill to fall without a final vote? What is the final stage of the bill? What does the Presiding Officer submit to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament? What does the Presiding Officer submit to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament? What happens when a bill is passed to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament? What happens when a bill is passed to the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament? How do Acts of the Scottish Parliament begin with a conventional enacting formula? What is the name of the party that holds the majority of seats in the Parliament? What does the Scottish Government do? What is the name of the party that holds the majority of seats in the Parliament? How are junior ministers appointed to assist Scottish ministers in their departments? What is the name of the party that holds the majority of seats in the Parliament? How are ordinary general elections for the Scottish Parliament held? How are ordinary general elections for the Scottish Parliament held? What is the difference between the date of the poll and the Presiding Officer? What happens when the Parliament is dissolved by the Presiding Officer? What happens if the Parliament is dissolved by the Presiding Officer? How can the Scottish Parliament scrutinise the Government? How can the Scottish Parliament scrutinise the Government? What can the First Minister deliver a statement to the chamber at the beginning of each parliamentary year? When does the First Minister deliver a statement to the chamber to set out the Government's legislative programme for the forthcoming year? What does a "General Question Time" take place on a Thursday between 11:40 a.m. and 12 p.m.? What happens on a Thursday between 11:40 and 12 p.m.? What happens on a Thursday between 11:40 and 12 p.m.? What is the purpose of a "General Question Time"? What are the four general questions available to opposition leaders? What are 73 of the 129 MSPs known as? What is the name of the 73 Scottish Parliament constituencies in Scotland? What is the name of a constituency MSP? What happens when a Constituency MSP resigns from Parliament? What is the average Scottish Parliament constituency in Scotland? How are seats allocated to parties proportionally to the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot? What is the d'Hondt method? What is repeated iteratively until all available list seats are allocated? What is the d'Hondt method? What is repeated iteratively until all available list seats are allocated? What qualifications are introduced in the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981? What did the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981 introduce? What are some qualifications for being an MSP? What are members of the police disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs? What does the Mental Health Act 2003 mean? What was the first time a party has commanded a parliamentary majority in the Scottish Parliament? What was the first time a party has commanded a parliamentary majority in the Scottish Parliament? What was the first time a party has commanded a parliamentary majority in the Scottish Parliament? What did Iain Gray retain by 151 votes? What was the result of the SNP's majority in the Scottish Parliament? What was the main disappointment in the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP? What was the main disappointment in the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP? What was the main disappointment in the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP? What was the main disappointment in the loss of Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP? What was the main disappointment for the Conservatives? What is the West Lothian question? What is the West Lothian question? What is the West Lothian question? What is the West Lothian question? What is the West Lothian question? What is Political Islam? What is Political Islam? What does Islamism favor? What does Islamism favor in regards to the reordering of government and society in accordance with the Shari'a? What does Islamism favor in regards to the reordering of government and society in accordance with the Shari'a? What type of party is Jamaat-e-Islami of Pakistan? What does Jamaat-e-Islami gain political influence through military coup d'état? What does Jamaat-e-Islami gain political influence through military coup d'état? What do radical Islamist groups like al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad call for? What do the Taliban call for violent/offensive jihad or urging and conducting attacks on? What is the major division in Islamism? What was Olivier Roy's view of Islamism? What was Olivier Roy's view of Islamism as "increasingly interdependent" with democracy? What has Olivier Roy described Islamism as "increasingly interdependent" with democracy? What does Olivier Roy say Islamism needs democratic elections to maintain their legitimacy? What is the controversial concept of Islamism? Why is Islam a controversial concept? What is the controversial concept of Islamism? What does Hayri Abaza believe is an error? What does Hayri Abaza believe is an error? What are Islamists who believe in Islamism and believe in Islam? What does the International Crisis Group believe is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution? What does the International Crisis Group believe is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution? What does the International Crisis Group believe is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution? What does the International Crisis Group believe is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution? What did Western and pro-Western governments support in the 1970s? What did Western and pro-Western governments support in the 1970s? What did the US spend billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies? What did the US spend billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies? What did Western governments consider Islamists as opposing? What did the US spend billions of dollars to aid the mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan enemies? What was Sadat's policy? What was Sadat's policy? What was Sadat's policy? What happened to Sadat in 1975? Why was Sadat assassinated? What was the harshest form of funding the Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism? What was the harshest form of funding the Saudi-based Wahhabism? What was the harshest form of funding the Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism? What was the harshest form of funding the Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism? What was the harshest form of funding for Islam? What is the Muslim Brotherhood known for? What does the Muslim Brotherhood compare very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments whose commitment to social justice is limited to rhetoric? What is the Muslim Brotherhood known for? What does the Muslim Brotherhood compare very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments whose commitment to social justice is limited to rhetoric? What is the Muslim Brotherhood known for? When did Iqbal become a member of the London branch of the All India Muslim League? When did Iqbal become a member of the London branch of the All India Muslim League? What was Iqbal's criticism of the Indian National Congress? When did Iqbal become a member of the London branch of the All India Muslim League? What was Iqbal's book titled? What was Iqbal's fears about the Hindu-majority population? What was Iqbal's fears about the Hindu-majority population? What did Iqbal want to do to India's Hindu-majority population? What did Iqbal call for the shedding of nationalist differences? What did Iqbal do in 1930? What was Maududi's role in the Islamic revival? What was Maududi's profession? What did Maududi write about in 1941? What did Maududi have more impact through his writing than his political organising? What was Maududi's political organising? What was Maududi's role in the Islamic revival? What was Maududi's profession? What did Maududi have more impact through his writing than his political organising? What was Maududi's political organising? What did Maududi believe Muslim society could not be Islamic without Sharia? What did Maududi believe Muslim society could not be Islamic without Sharia? What did Maududi believe that Islam required the establishment of an Islamic state? What did Maududi believe was a "theo-democracy"? What did Maududi believe was a "theo-democracy"? What was the name of the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928? What was the name of the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928? When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded? What did Hassan al Banna say the Qur'an is our constitution? What did Al Banna believe in the necessity of government rule based on Shariah law? What did the Brotherhood engage in violence against the government? What did the Brotherhood engage in violence against the government? What did the Brotherhood engage in violence against the government? What has the Brotherhood suffered periodic repression in Egypt? What happened to the Brotherhood in 1949? What has the Brotherhood become one of the most influential movements in the Islamic world? What was Mohamed Morsi's first democratically elected president of Egypt? What was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections? What was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates during elections? Who was the first democratically elected president of Egypt? Why did the Six-Day War take place in the Arab Muslim world? Why did the Six-Day War take place in the Arab Muslim world? Why was the Six-Day War blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes? What resulted in a decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics? What caused the decline in popularity and credibility of the ruling regimes? What is Khomeini's beliefs placed somewhere between? What is Khomeini's beliefs placed somewhere between? What is Khomeini's beliefs placed somewhere between? What did Khomeini believe was a part of a long-term conspiracy against Islam? What did Khomeini believe was a part of a long-term conspiracy against Islam? What has the Islamic Republic assisted Shia terrorist groups in Iran? What has the Islamic Republic assisted Shia terrorist groups in Iran? What has the Islamic Republic assisted Shia terrorist groups in Iran? What has the Islamic Republic assisted Shia terrorist groups in Iran? What has the Islamic Republic assisted Shia terrorist groups in the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict? What did the Soviet Union try to suppress in the Afghan Civil War? What did the Soviet Union try to suppress in the Afghan Civil War? What did the Soviet Union try to suppress in the Afghan Civil War? What was the name of the pan-Islamic effort in Afghanistan? What was the name of the pan-Islamic effort in Afghanistan? What was the Gulf War? What was the Gulf War? What did the Gulf War do in the early 1990s? What was the Gulf War? What did Islamists accuse the Saudi regime of being a puppet of the west? What did Saudi Arabia try to compensate for its loss of prestige? What did Saudi Arabia try to compensate for its loss of prestige? What did Saudi Arabia try to compensate for its loss of prestige? What was the result of the 9/11 attacks? What was the result of the 9/11 attacks? What did the Brotherhood's leadership remain moderate and interested in political negotiation and activism? What did the Brotherhood's leadership do? What did the Brotherhood's leadership remain moderate and interested in political negotiation and activism? What was the name of the splinter movement inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s? What did the Brotherhood renounce violence as a means of achieving its goals? What was the name of the group responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat? What was the name of the group responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat? What was the name of the group responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981? What was the name of the group responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981? What was the name of the pamphlet written by Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag? What was the name of the group that employed violence in their struggle for Islamic order? What was the name of the group that employed violence in their struggle for Islamic order? What was the result of the campaign to overthrow the government? What did the jihadi group try to overthrow the government in 2003? What is another name for the Islamic Liberation Party? What did the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine do before the First Palestine Intifada? What did the Muslim Brotherhood announce the formation of HAMAS? What did the Hamas charter call for the destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic state in Palestine? What did the Muslim Brotherhood find common cause with the impoverished youth of the intifada? What did the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine do before the First Palestine Intifada? What has Hamas been a major player in Palestine? When did Hamas die? When did Hamas win the majority of the seats? When did Hamas die? What has Hamas been praised for driving Israel out of the Gaza Strip? How long did Sudan have an Islamist regime? How long did Sudan have an Islamist regime under Hassan al-Turabi? What did Hassan al-Turabi do? What did Turabi build a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamic banking systems? What did Turabi build a powerful economic base with money from foreign Islamic banking systems? When did the NIF overthrow the elected post-al-Nimeiry government? When did the NIF overthrow the elected post-al-Nimeiry government? What did Turabi proclaim his support for the democratic process and a liberal government before coming to power? What did the NIF work to unify Islamist opposition to the American attack on Iraq? What did the NIF work to unify Islamist opposition to the American attack on Iraq? What was the name of the FIS? What was the name of the Front Islamique de Salut? What was the FIS? What was the FIS? What happened to the FIS in 1991? What did the civil war between political and tribal warlords make Afghanistan one of the poorest countries on earth? What did the civil war between political and tribal warlords make Afghanistan one of the poorest countries on earth? What happened to the Islamic State of Afghanistan in 1992? What did the civil war between political and tribal warlords make Afghanistan one of the poorest countries on earth? What was the name of the Islamic State of Afghanistan? What was the name of the Deobandi movement that spawned the Taliban? What was the name of the Deobandi movement that spawned the Taliban? Why were the Taliban spawned by the Deobandi movement? Why were the Taliban spawned by the Deobandi movement? What did the Deobandi movement want to spread to an entire country? What did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto? What did Ali Bhutto do in 1977? What did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Ali Bhutto? What did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto? What did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto? What is the name of the Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist group? What is the name of the Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist group? What was the name of the Islamic State that proclaimed itself a caliphate? What is the name of the group that has control over Libya, Nigeria, and Afghanistan? What was the name of the Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist group? What was the name of the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad? What was the name of the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad? What was the name of the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad? What was the name of the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad? What has Amnesty International reported ethnic cleansing by the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad? How does HT view Islam's pivotal turning point? What is HT's view of Islam's pivotal turning point? What is HT's view of Islam's pivotal turning point? What is believed to have ended the true Islamic system? What is believed to have ended the true Islamic system? What does HT do to change Muslim public opinion? What does HT do to change Muslim public opinion? What does HT do to change Muslim public opinion? What happened to HT's coups in 1968 and 1969? What have many HT members cited HT as their key influence? What is the name of the Muslim population in Greater London? What are some of the Muslims in Greater London? What is the term for Londonistan? What is the term for Londonistan? What is the term for Londonistan? What has the U.S. government done to counter Islamism since 2001? What was the focus of the U.S.'s efforts to counter Islamism? Who called for an independent agency in the U.S. to undermin Islamism and jihadism? What was the name of the U.S. Information Agency that was charged with undermining the communist ideology during the Cold War? What was the name of the U.S. Information Agency that was charged with undermining the communist ideology during the Cold War? What is the name of Imperialism? What does Imperialism mean to rule over large territories? What has the term imperialism been applied to in the 19th and 20th centuries? What has Imperialism greatly shaped the contemporary world? What is the term for Imperialism? What is the term for "formal" imperialism? How is Imperialism focused on the control that one group has on another group of people? What is the term for "formal imperialism"? What did some writers use the term imperialism to mean? What did some writers use the term imperialism to mean? What was the definition of imperialism confusedly seen to represent? Why is informal rule less costly than taking over territories formally? What did some writers use the term imperialism to mean? What is the greatest distinction of an empire through the amount of land that a nation has conquered and expanded? How are European empires portrayed by the world systems theory? What has led to increased discussion of the meaning and impact of imperialism on the modern post-colonial world? What is a distinction about empires? What is a major distinction about European empires in Asia and Africa? What does the term "imperialism" often conflated with? What does the term "imperialism" mean? What does Robert Young say colonialism is the development for settlement or commercial intentions? What does colonialism refer to as 'implanting of settlements on a distant territory'? What have many scholars argued that Imperialism and colonialism have their own distinct definition? What do scholars find difficult to illustrate the difference between colonialism and imperialism? What does imperialism refer to as the architect deciding how to start dominating areas? What is the meaning of imperialism? What is Colonialism's core meaning? Colonialism is the builder and preserver of the colonial possessions in an area by a population coming from a foreign region? What is a controversial aspect of imperialism? What is a controversial aspect of imperialism? What is a controversial aspect of imperialism? Why did Mackinder believe imperialism was justified? What is a controversial aspect of imperialism? What political geographers supported imperialism? What political geographers supported imperialism? What political geographers supported imperialism? What did the Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies serve as a space for travellers to share their stories? What did the Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies serve as a space for travellers to share their stories? What did Ellen Churchill Semple argue that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance? What did Ellen Churchill Semple argue that human beings were able to become fully human in the temperate zone? What did Ellen Churchill Semple argue that humans could be paralleled with Edward Said's Orientalism? What did Ellen Churchill Semple argue that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance? What did Siad believe that orientalism allowed Europe to establish itself as the superior and the norm? What did British imperialism often use the concept of Terra nullius? What did British imperialism use the concept of Terra nullius? What are the principles of imperialism often generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire? What did British imperialism use the concept of Terra nullius? What did British imperialism often use the concept of Terra nullius? What does Orientalism refer to? What did Edward Said say the East was irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West? What did Edward Said say the East was irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West? What does Edward Said say the West developed an imaginative geography of the East? What did Edward Said say the East was irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West? What did Bassett do to illustrate the role of maps during the "scramble for Africa"? What did Bassett highlight the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory? What did Bassett highlight the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory? What did Bassett highlight the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory? What was Bassett's analysis of the role of maps during the "scramble for Africa"? What are some of the major empires that have been recognized as a part of the pre-Columbian era? What was Imperialism a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan? How many Muslim empires are there in Sub-Saharan Africa? What are some of the dozens of empires that predate the European colonial era? How many Muslim empires are there in Sub-Saharan Africa? What is cultural imperialism when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles? What is cultural imperialism when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles? What is a recent example of the influence of smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea? What is a recent example of a smuggled South Korean drama series in North Korea? What is the importance of soft power not lost on authoritarian regimes? What is the name of the time period that saw European industrializing nations engaging in the process of colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world in order to gain political power? What is the name of the time period that saw European industrializing nations engaging in the process of colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world in order to gain political power? What is the name of the time period that saw European industrializing nations engaging in the process of colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world in order to gain political power? What is the name of the time period that saw European industrializing nations engaging in the process of colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world in order to gain political power? What does the term "Age of Imperialism" refer to? When did historians build a framework for understanding European imperialism? When did historians build a framework for understanding European imperialism? When did historians build a framework for understanding European imperialism? What did historians think the idea of empire was 'informally if possible and formally if necessary'? What did historians think the idea of empire was 'informally if possible and formally if necessary'? What was the focus of Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism? What did the colonization of India provide for the establishment of control over the subcontinent's resources, markets, and manpower? What was the focus of Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism? What did the colonization of India provide for the establishment of control over the subcontinent's resources, markets, and manpower? What did Europe continue to advance in military technology? What did European chemists make in the 1880s? By the 1880s, had the machine gun become an effective battlefield weapon? What did the machine gun become an effective battlefield weapon in the 1880s? What did European chemists make in the 1880s? In anglophone academic works, what is the term "Imperialism" often based on? What was the term "Imperialism" originally introduced into English in the late 1870s? What did John A. Hobson and Vladimir Lenin do to the term "imperialism"? What was the name of the work that Lenin portrayed as a structural feature of capitalism? What has long been debated among historians and political theorists? What did Hobson argue that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism? What did the non-Marxist writers remain active in the interwar years? What did Hobson argue that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism? What did Hobson argue that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism? What did environmental determinism serve as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples? What did environmental determinism serve as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples? What did the concept of environmental determinism serve as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples? What was environmental determinism used to categorically place indigenous peoples in a racial hierarchy? What two forms of environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous peoples in a racial hierarchy? What did geographic scholars believe the world could be split into climatic zones? What did scholars believe the world could be split into climatic zones? What were the people of tropical climates seen as incapable of doing? What is orientalism a view of a people based on their geographical location? What did geographic scholars believe the world could be split into climatic zones? How can Britain's imperialist ambitions be seen as early as the sixteenth century? When was the British East India Company established? When was the British East India Company established? What happened to the East India Company in 1767? What was the result of the establishment of trading posts in India? What did France take control of Algeria in 1830? What did France take over Algeria in 1830? What did the Republicans do when Germany started to build their own colonial empire? What did France take control of Algeria in 1830? What did the Republicans do when Germany started to build her own colonial empire? What did Jules Ferry say France had a duty to civilize the inferior? What did Jules Ferry say France had a duty to civilize the inferior? What did Jules Ferry say France had a duty to civilize the inferior? What did Jules Ferry say was a moral justification to lift the world up to French standards? What did Jules Ferry say France had a duty to civilize the inferior? What did the Free French use the overseas colonies as bases from which they fought to liberate France? When did the French and Charles de Gaulle use the overseas colonies as bases to liberate France? What happened to France in the 1950s? What did Charles de Gaulle decide to grant Algeria independence in 1962? How did France's colonies gain independence by 1960? What was the name of the first German Empire? How did the Germanic conquest of central, western, and southern Europe begin? What was the name of the first German Empire? What was the name of the first German Empire? What was the name of the Germanic conquest of central, western, and southern Europe? What was Germany's participation in Western imperialism negligible until the late 19th century? What did Otto von Bismarck argue that the burden of obtaining, maintaining, and defending possessions would outweigh any potential benefits? What did Prussia and the German states want to manipulate the European system through the Concert of Europe? What was the result of Germany's participation in Western imperialism? What was the result of Germany's participation in Western imperialism? When did Germany begin to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific? Why did Bismarck lose interest in imperialism? How did the German colonial empire begin? How did the German colonial empire begin? What was Bismarck aware of? Why did Japan take part of Sakhalin Island from Russia? When did Japan take part in Sakhalin Island? What happened to Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War? In 1931, Japan conquered Manchuria from China? What did the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China support after World War II? What was the policy of "Indigenization" intended to support non-Russians develop their national cultures within a socialist framework? What did the Bolshevik leaders assert in 1921? After World War II, what did the Soviet Union install socialist regimes modeled on? What did the Bolshevik leaders assert in 1921? Who believed that the revolution could only succeed in Russia as part of a world revolution? What did Trotsky believe was the highest stage of capitalism? What did Mao Zedong say the Soviet Union had itself become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade? What did Nikita Khrushchev do to the Soviets? What did Lenin say was the highest stage of capitalism? What was the first British Empire based on? Why was the First British Empire based on mercantilism? By the 1840s, Britain had adopted a successful policy of free trade that gave it dominance in the trade of much of the world? What was the result of the loss of the American colonies in 1776? What did Britain do after the defeat of Napoleonic France? The British Empire was the largest in terms of landmass and population? What did Cecil Rhodes do to the British spirit of imperialism? What was the British spirit of imperialism expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury? What happened to the British spirit of imperialism in the late 19th century? What did the early United States express its opposition to Imperialism? What did the Monroe Doctrine change in the late 19th and early 20th century? What did the Anti-Imperialist League do to oppose the US annexation of the Philippines and Cuba? What did the Anti-Imperialist League do to oppose the US annexation of the Philippines and Cuba? What did Smedley Butler denounce as a "racket"? Who was the director of the American Geographical Society in 1914? How did Isiah Bowman become president of the American Geographical Society? What was the idea of President Wilson's inquiry in 1917? What was the purpose of the inquiry to build a premise that would allow for U.S authorship of a 'new world' to be characterized by geographical order? How did Isiah Bowman come to be known as Wilson's geographer? What have some described the internal strife between various people groups as a form of imperialism? What is the internal form of imperialism referred to as? What is the internal form of imperialism referred to as? What was Edward Said's statement about imperialism? How long did the Ottoman Empire last? What happened to the Ottoman Empire during the 16th and 17th centuries? At the beginning of the 17th century the Ottoman Empire contained 32 provinces and numerous vassal states? What happened to the Ottoman Empire during the 16th and 17th centuries? What happened to the Ottoman Empire during the 16th and 17th centuries? Why was the Ottoman Empire at the center of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for six centuries? What happened to the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth century? What happened to the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth century? What happened to the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth century? What is the mainline Protestant Methodist denomination? What is the mainline Protestant Methodist denomination? What is the name of the UMC's mainline Protestant Methodist denomination? What is the name of the UMC's mainline Protestant Methodist denomination? What is the UMC's theological orientation decidedly Wesleyan? What is the largest denomination in the wider Methodist movement? What is the largest denomination in the wider Methodist movement? What is the UMC's largest Protestant denomination? What is the largest denomination in the United Methodist movement? What movement began in the mid-18th century? What movement began in the mid-18th century? What did some students mocked the "Holy Club" and "the Methodists"? When did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians? When did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians? When did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians? What did the ministers retain their membership in the Church of England? How did the American Revolution separate the Methodists from the Anglican Church? What was the result of the American Revolution? What was the result of the American Revolution? What was the name of the conference held at the Lovely Lane Methodist Church? What was the name of the conference held at the Lovely Lane Methodist Church? What is the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the United States? What is the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the United States? What was the name of the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the United States? Where did St. George's United Methodist Church meet? Why was the Methodist Episcopal Church founded? Who were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church? What was the name of the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church? What was the name of the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church? What did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1830? In 1830, the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church over the issue of laity having a voice and vote in the administration of the church? Why did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences? Why did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences? When was the United Methodist Church created? When was the United Methodist Church created? When was the United Methodist Church created? What does the United Methodist Church understand itself to be part of? The Book of Discipline recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon? The Book of Discipline recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon? What did some argue the United Methodist Church can lay a claim on apostolic succession? Who assisted Wesley in apostolic succession? What did Dr. Thomas Coke assist Wesley in apostolic succession? What was Albert C. Outler's work that led to the formation of The United Methodist Church? What is the mainline Protestant tradition? What was Albert C. Outler's work that led to the formation of The United Methodist Church? What was Albert C. Outler's work that led to the formation of The United Methodist Church? What is a power that enables us to love and motivate us to seek a relationship with God through Jesus Christ? What is a power that enables us to love and motivate us to seek a relationship with God through Jesus Christ? What is a power that enables us to love and motivate us to seek a relationship with God through Jesus Christ? What is a power that enables us to love and motivate us to seek a relationship with God through Jesus Christ? What is the term for a grace that is offered by God to all people through which God pardons the believer of sin? What is justifying Grace? What is another term for conversion? What is another term for conversion? What did John Wesley originally call this experience? What is the name of the grace of God that sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection? What is the name of the grace of God that sustains believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection? What is the name of the grace of God that sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection? What is the name of the grace of God that sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection? What is the unique cross-roads between Wesleyan theology and practice? What does the United Methodist Church believe in prima scriptura? What does The Book of Discipline say the UMC is at once "catholic, evangelical, and reformed"? What does The Book of Discipline say the United Methodist theology is at once "catholic, evangelical, and reformed"? Who was the founding member of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice? How is the United Methodist Church committed to helping women find alternatives to abortion? How is the United Methodist Church committed to helping women find alternatives to abortion? What are the two official bodies of the United Methodist Church part of? What does the United Methodist Church believe is necessary to be in supportive ministry with all women? What does the United Methodist Church believe they are bound to respect? What does TUMAS stand for? What did the TUMAS attempt to withdraw the United Methodist Church membership in the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice? What did Stallsworth say he had every reason to believe that pro-life delegates would have won a floor vote? How has the Methodist Church supported the temperance movement? What did the United Methodist Church call on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent? What did John Wesley warn against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon? What does the United Methodist Church say is a faithful witness to God's liberating and redeeming love for persons? What does the United Methodist Church condemn the death penalty? What does the United Methodist Church believe the death penalty falls unfairly and unequally on people with mental and emotional illnesses? What does the United Methodist Church believe the death penalty falls unfairly and unequally on people with mental and emotional illnesses? What does the General Conference of the United Methodist Church call for its bishops to uphold opposition to capital punishment? What does the United Methodist Church prohibit the celebration of same-sex unions? What happened to Rev. Jimmy Creech in 1999? What have some churches provided blessings for same-sex marriages? What has the Connectional Table voted in favor of a proposal that allows ministers to officiate same-sex weddings? What have many organizations, conferences, and congregations recently called for broader acceptance of the LGBT community within the UMC? What have many conferences taken a position by voting in favor of same-gender marriages with resolutions? What happened to Rose Mary Denman in 1987? What happened to Rose Mary Denman in 1987? What has the UMC voted to recognize ordained transgender pastors? What does the United Methodist Church oppose conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture? What does the United Methodist Church support and extend its ministry to those who conscientiously choose to serve in the armed forces? What does the United Methodist Church oppose conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture? What does the United Methodist Church believe war is incompatible with Christ's message and teachings? What does the United Methodist Church believe war is incompatible with Christ's message and teachings? What does the United Methodist Church endorse? What does the United Methodist Church teach about pornography? What does the United Methodist Church teach about pornography? What does the Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church say pornography is not an 'innocent activity'? What does the UMC support? What does the UMC stand in "opposition to the creation of embryos for the sake of research"? What does the UMC support? When did John Wesley provide a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer? What did John Wesley write about the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America? When did John Wesley provide a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer? What are some of the official liturgies in the United Methodist Church? The United Methodist Hymnal and The United Methodist Book of Worship are derived from what? What is an example of an exorcism practice by some clergy in The United Methodist Church in Africa? What are Methodists named after? What are some of the exemplary saints cited as Protestant? What are some of the exemplary saints cited as Protestant? What is the highest level of the United Methodist Church? What is the highest level of the United Methodist Church? What is the Book of Discipline revised after each General Conference? What is the highest level of the United Methodist Church? What does the General Conference meet every four years? What are the jurisdictional and central conferences that meet every four years? What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences? What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences? What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences? What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences? Who makes decisions in-between the four-year meetings? What are the decisions made by the Mission Council in-between the four-year meetings? What was one of the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils? What was one of the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils? What was one of the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils? The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination? What is the highest court in the denomination? The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination? How often does the Judicial Council meet? How often does the Judicial Council meet? What is the basic unit of organization within the UMC? What is the basic unit of organization within the UMC? What does the term Annual Conference refer to? What is the book of Discipline? The Book of Discipline describes the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches? The Book of Discipline describes the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches? What does the Book of Discipline describe? What does the Book of Discipline describe? What has the United Methodist Church placed great emphasis on? How many schools does the United Methodist Church operate overseas? What are most of the United Methodist Church members of? Why were the first Methodist clergy ordained by John Wesley? What do deacons serve as in the United Methodist Church itenerate? Who is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders? Who is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders? How are all clergy appointments made and fixed annually? What do Annual Conferences try to avoid making appointment changes between sessions of Annual Conference? When are appointments officially fixed? What is the name of the ministry of Word, Sacrament, Order and Service within the church? How are Elders appointed to the local church? How are Elders eligible for election to the episcopacy? How are Elders eligible for election to the episcopacy? How long do deacons serve in a local church? What are deacons called by God? What are deacons called by God? What do deacons serve a term of 2-3 years prior to their ordination? When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished? What is the term for a provisional elder? When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished? What is the official title of a Local Pastor? What is the name of a Local Pastor? What are local pastors required to do? How do local pastors continue to become clergy? What are the Baptized Members of the United Methodist Church? How do Baptized Members become Professing Members? What does the United Methodist Church do to individuals who are not previously baptized? How is Baptism a sacrament in the UMC? What does the Book of Discipline allow students to learn about Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition to profess their ultimate faith in Christ? What does the Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church direct the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people? What does the Book of Discipline allow students to learn about Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition in order to profess their ultimate faith in Christ? What are the two categories of lay servants in the United Methodist Church? What are the two categories of lay servants in the United Methodist Church? What does the United Methodist Church have to do to be recognized as certified lay servants? What does the United Methodist Church have to do to be recognized as a certified lay servant? The United Methodist Church is active in ecumenical relations with other Christian groups and denominations? What did the United Methodist Church vote to seek observer status? What is the reason the United Methodist Church is active in ecumenical relations with other Christian groups and denominations? What was the name of the Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed in 2000? What did the Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union form in 2000? What has the United Methodist Church been exploring a merger with? At the time of its formation, how many members did the UMC have? At the time of its formation, how many members did the UMC have? How many members did the UMC have in 2005? How many members did the UMC have in 2005? What is the largest number of members in Texas? By the opening of the 2008 General Conference, what percentage of the conference delegates were from Africa? By the opening of the 2008 General Conference, what percentage of the conference delegates were from Africa? By the opening of the 2008 General Conference, what percentage of the conference delegates were from Africa? What does the Wesleyan Holiness Consortium seek to reconceive and promote Biblical holiness in today's Church? What does the Wesleyan Holiness Consortium seek to promote? What did the World Methodist Council vote to adopt the "Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification"? What was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War? What was the North American theater of the Seven Years' War? When did the French and Indian War begin? When did the French and Indian War begin? How was the war fought? What did the war begin with a dispute over the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers? What happened to the Battle of Jumonville Glen? What was the result of the four-way attack on the French? What happened to Braddock in 1755? How did British operations in 1755, 1756 and 1757 fail? How did the British capture Fort Beauséjour? How did the British capture Fort Beauséjour? What caused the British government to fall? What caused the British government to fall? What did France do to capture the Colony of Canada? What happened to the British in 1757? What was the result of the Anglo-French conflict? What did France give its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain? What was the result of France's ceded territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain? What did British colonists name the second war in King George's reign after their opponents? What is the traditional name for the Seven Years' War? What is the traditional name for the Seven Years' War? What are some of the most commonly used names for the Seven Years' War? What does the "Seven Years" refer to? What does "Seven Years" refer to? What does "Seven Years" refer to? What does "Seven Years" refer to? What was the population of the French? What was the population of the French? What did French fur traders and trappers do with the Mississippi River? What did British settlers outnumbered the French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million? What did the British settlers outnumbered the French 20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million? Why were the settlements growing into the interior of Nova Scotia? Where were large areas dominated by native tribes? What did the native tribes dominate in the north? What did the Iroquois Confederation dominate? What did the Iroquois Confederation do? What tribes dominated the Southeast interior? What tribes dominated the Southeast interior? What did the French use their trading connections to recruit fighters from tribes in the Great Lakes region? At the start of the war, how many British troops were stationed in North America? When was New France defended? What did the colonial government recruit militia support when needed? What was Céloron's expedition force? What was Céloron's expedition force? What did Céloron do when he encountered British merchants and fur-traders? When did Céloron's expedition arrive at Logstown? What happened to Céloron's expedition at Logstown? What did Céloron do if he continued to trade with the British? What happened to "Old Briton" when he returned to Montreal? What did Céloron say the Natives of the localities are devoted to the English? What did Céloron say the Natives were devoted to the French? What did William Shirley say British colonists would not be safe as long as the French were present? When did the British give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia? When did the British give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia? What did Christopher Gist do in 1750? What happened to the Treaty of Logstown? What was the name of the Treaty of Logstown? What did the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle end in 1748? What did the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle end in 1748? What did the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle focus on? What did the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle do? What happened to the Governor-General of New France on March 17, 1752? What did Langlade do to punish the people of Pickawillany for not following Céloron's orders to cease trading with the British? What was Langlade's objective? What did the French do to punish the people of Pickawillany for not following Céloron's orders to cease trading with the British? When was Paul Marin de la Malgue given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians? What was the name of the Fort Presque Isle? What was the name of the second fort built at Fort Presque Isle? What was Paul Marin's order to protect the King's land from the British? Who was the chief of the Mingo? What did the Iroquois call Warraghiggey? What did the Iroquois call Warraghiggey? When was Johnson made a colonel of the Iroquois? What did the Mohawk Chief Hendrick say the British abide by their obligations and block French expansion? What did Dinwiddie say was an investor in the Ohio Company? How did Dinwiddie warn the French to leave Virginia? What did Dinwiddie do to warn the French to leave Virginia? When did Dinwiddie and his men reach Fort Le Boeuf? Who was the commander of the French forces after Marin died? What did Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre ask for an immediate withdrawal from the Ohio Country? What did Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre want to withdraw from the Ohio Country? What did Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre say was superior to the British? What did Governor Duquesne do in 1754? How did Dinwiddie begin construction of a small stockaded fort? What did Dinwiddie allow Trent's small company to withdraw from the fort? What was the Battle of Jumonville Glen? What was the Battle of Jumonville Glen? What did Fred Anderson suggest that Tanaghrisson was acting to gain the support of the British? What did the Duke of Newcastle decide to send an army expedition to dislodge the French? What happened to the British's military plans before Braddock's departure for North America? What happened to the British's military plans in 1755? What did the British attempt to blockade French ports in 1755? What was an early important political response to the opening of hostilities? What was the goal of the congress? What was the goal of the congress to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with Indians? What was the purpose of the confederation during the War of Independence? What did Braddock lead on an expedition to take Fort Duquesne? What was Braddock's expedition to take Fort Duquesne? How many British soldiers were killed or injured in the Fort Duquesne expedition? What role did George Washington play in organizing the retreat? What caused the French to acquire a copy of the British war plans? Why did Shirley and Johnson acquire a copy of the British war plans? What was the reason for Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswego? Why did Shirley leave garrisons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams? What did the Marquis de Vaudreuil notice about Johnson's expedition? What did Vaudreuil send Dieskau to Fort St. Frédéric? How did the Battle of Lake George end? When did the Battle of Lake George end? What happened to the Battle of Lake George? What did Monckton do to the French fortress at Louisbourg? How did Colonel Monckton cut the French fortress off from land-based reinforcements? What was the cause of the deportation of the Acadians? When did William Shirley assume command of British forces in North America? When did William Shirley take over British forces in North America? What did Shirley propose to attack Quebec in 1756? What did Shirley propose to attack Quebec in 1756? Who replaced Newcastle in January 1756? What was the name of the French regular army reinforcements that arrived in New France in May 1756? What was the name of the War of the Austrian Succession? What happened to the forts Shirley erected at the Oneida Carry? What did French forces destroy in the March Battle of Fort Bull? What did French forces destroy in the March Battle of Fort Bull? What did the French destroy in the March Battle of Fort Bull? What did Montcalm do when he arrived in Albany? How did Montcalm react to his inertia? How did Montcalm react to his inertia? What did Montcalm and the Indians disagree about the disposition of prisoners' personal effects? What was Loudoun's major operation for 1757? What did Loudoun do in 1757? What happened to Loudoun in 1757? How did Loudoun return to New York? What did the French harassed Fort William Henry during the first half of 1757? What happened to the British rangers in February of 1757? What happened to the fort in 1757? What caused the British to resupply the territory in 1758? What exacerbated the situation in New France? What did Montcalm do in 1758? What led to the fall from power of Newcastle and the Duke of Cumberland? What was Pitt's plan for the 1758 campaign? What was Pitt's plan for the 1758 campaign? What were the three major offensive actions aimed at capturing the heartlands of New France? What was the result of the Battle of Carillon? What was the result of the Battle of Carillon? What did Abercrombie save from the Battle of Carillon? What happened to Abercrombie in the Battle of Carillon? When did the duc de Choiseul decide to focus on an invasion of Britain? What did Pitt do in the 1759 naval battles at Lagos and Quiberon Bay? What was the purpose of the invasion of Britain? What was the result of the Battle of Sainte-Foy? What was the result of the Battle of Sainte-Foy? What was the result of the Battle of Sainte-Foy? What was the result of the Battle of Sainte-Foy? When did Governor Vaudreuil negotiate a capitulation with General Amherst? What did Vaudreuil request that French residents remain in the colony? What did Vaudreuil request that French residents remain in the colony? What did the Treaty of Hubertusburg settle? What did the Treaty of Hubertusburg settle? What did the British offer France the choice of surrendering its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi? What did the British view the economic value of the Caribbean islands' sugar cane to be greater and easier to defend than the furs from the continent? What did Britain gain control of in 1755? What resulted in the deportation of Acadians? What was the result of the deportation of Acadians? What was the result of the deportation of Acadians? What was the Royal Proclamation of 1763? What was the Royal Proclamation of 1763? What was included in the Royal Proclamation of 1763? What caused most of the Spanish Catholic population to leave Florida? Why was the Ohio Country vulnerable to legal and illegal settlement? What resulted in the loss of French power in North America? What resulted in the loss of French power in North America? What caused the disappearance of a strong ally and counterweight to British expansion? What did Aristotle and Archimedes retain fundamental errors in understanding force? What did Aristotle and Archimedes retain in understanding force? What did Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton rectify? What did Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton rectify? What did Einstein's theory of relativity provide insight into the forces produced by gravitation and inertia? What has particle physics devised a Standard Model to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms? What is the Standard Model to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms? What is the Standard Model to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms? What does the Standard Model predict that exchanged particles are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed? What is the Standard Model to describe forces between particles smaller than atoms? What did Aristotle provide a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotle's cosmology? What did Aristotle provide a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotle's cosmology? What did Aristotle believe that the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different "natural places" therein? What was Aristotle's view of a force? What did Aristotle believe that motionless objects on Earth would stay that way if left alone? What was Galileo Galilei's theory of motion? What was Galileo Galilei's theory of motion? What was Galileo Galilei's theory of motion? What was Galileo Galilei's theory of motion? What was Galileo Galilei's work to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion? What does Newton's First Law of Motion state that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force? What does Newton's First Law of Motion say objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force? What does Newton's First Law of Motion state that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force? What law states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force? What does Newton's First Law of Motion say objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force? What do the laws of physics do not change while traveling in a moving vehicle at a constant velocity? What does a person observe the ball follow in the same direction as the motion of the vehicle? What do the laws of physics do not change while traveling in a moving vehicle at a constant velocity? What is considered to be physically indistinguishable? What can be further generalized to explain the tendency of objects to continue in many different forms of constant motion? What is the rotational inertia that fixes the constancy of the length of a day and the length of a year? What was Albert Einstein's theory of inertia? Why did Albert Einstein explain that reference frames subject to constant acceleration were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames? What was one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the general theory of relativity? What does Newton's Second Law assert? What does Newton's Second Law assert? What does general relativity offer? What does general relativity offer? What is unclear about Newton's second law? What is Newton's Third Law a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects? What is Newton's Third Law a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects? What is the third law? What does the third law mean that all forces are interactions between different bodies? What does the action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system not cause the center of mass of the system to accelerate? What does the action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system not cause the center of mass of the system to accelerate? What does the action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system not cause the center of mass of the system to accelerate? Why are forces perceived as pushes or pulls? How is the intuitive understanding of forces quantified? How is the intuitive understanding of forces quantified? How is the intuitive understanding of forces quantified? Why are forces classified as vector quantities? Why are forces classified as "vector quantities"? How are forces classified as "vector quantities"? What happens when two forces act on the same object? How are forces classified as "vector quantities"? Why were forces first investigated in static equilibrium? What are the crucial properties that forces are additive vector quantities? What does the parallelogram rule of vector addition mean when two forces act on a point particle? What does the parallelogram rule of vector addition mean? What does the parallelogram rule of vector addition mean when two forces act on a point particle? How can forces be resolved into independent components at right angles to each other? What is one way that a horizontal force pointing northeast can be split into two forces? How can a horizontal force pointing northeast be split into two forces? What is a more mathematically clean way to describe force vectors than using magnitudes and directions? What is a better way to describe force vectors than using magnitudes and directions? What can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction? What can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction? What can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction? What can result in a situation where the object does not move because the applied force is opposed by static friction? What is the most common way of measuring forces? What is the most common way of measuring forces? What is the most common way of measuring forces? What is the most common way of measuring forces? What was Isaac Newton's law for springs? What was Galileo's first understanding of Aristotle's physics? What was Galileo's idea of a "absolute rest frame"? What was Galileo's first understanding of Aristotle's physics? What did Galileo believe would happen if a mariner dropped a cannonball from a crow's nest? What did Galileo believe would happen if a mariner dropped a cannonball from a crow's nest? What happens in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction? What happens in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction? What happens in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction? What did Aristotle misinterpreted the motion of an object with a non-zero velocity as being caused by the applied force? What does the notion "force" keep its meaning in quantum mechanics? What does the notion "force" keep its meaning in quantum mechanics? What is difficult to imagine in the context of "forces"? What is the consequence of the fact that the results of a measurement are sometimes " quantized"? What does the notion of force keep its meaning in quantum mechanics? What is the Pauli principle relating the space and the spin variables? What is the Pauli principle relating the space and the spin variables? What is the Pauli principle relating the space and the spin variables? What is the Pauli principle relating the space and spin variables? What is the Pauli principle relating the space and spin variables? In modern particle physics, forces and acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons? In modern particle physics, force s and acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons? What is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum? What is the purpose of Feynman diagrams? What is a Feynman diagram? What are the forces in the universe based on? What are the four fundamental interactions in the universe? What are the four fundamental interactions that are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles, including nucleons and compound nuclei? What are the four fundamental interactions between nucleons and compound nuclei? What are the four fundamental interactions in nature? What did Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation? What did Faraday and Maxwell demonstrate that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism? What did Isaac Newton do in his theory of gravitation? What are Physicists still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models? What did Isaac Newton say gravity was not a universal force? What was Galileo instrumental in describing the characteristics of falling objects by determining that the acceleration of every object in free-fall was constant and independent of the mass of the object? What was Galileo's role in describing the characteristics of falling objects? What was Galileo's role in describing the characteristics of falling objects? What is the effect of gravity on an object at the surface of the Earth? What did Newton realize about the acceleration of the Moon around the Earth? What did Newton believe the acceleration of the Moon could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased as an inverse square law? What did Newton realize that the acceleration due to gravity is proportional to the mass of the attracting body? What is the formula that relates the mass and the radius of the Earth to the gravitational acceleration? What is Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant? What was the name of Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant? What was the name of Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant? What is Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant? What did Newton's Law of Gravitation seem to explain? What did Newton's Law of Gravitation seem to not fully explain? What did Albert Einstein find that Newton's Theory of Gravitation could account for the discrepancy? What did Albert Einstein find that Newton's Theory of Gravitation could account for the discrepancy? What did Albert Einstein find that Newton's Theory of Gravitation could account for the discrepancy? What has general relativity been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity? What is the ballistic trajectory of the object? What is the term for the time derivative of the changing momentum of the object? What is the shortest space-time path between two space-time events? How does Lorentz's Law describe the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field? What does Lorentz's Law describe the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field? How does Lorentz's Law describe the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field? What does Lorentz's Law mean? How did Maxwell explain the origin of electric and magnetic fields? How did Maxwell explain the origin of electric and magnetic fields? How did Maxwell explain the origin of electric and magnetic fields? How did Maxwell explain the origin of electric and magnetic fields? How did Maxwell explain the origin of electric and magnetic fields? What was the problem with attempting to reconcile electromagnetic theory with two observations? How was a new theory of electromagnetism developed? What led to the development of a new theory of electromagnetism? What led to the development of a new theory of electromagnetism? What led to the development of a new theory of electromagnetism? What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force? What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force? What does Pauli exclusion principle mean that electrons cannot occupy the same quantum mechanical state as other electrons? What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges? What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force? What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force? What does Pauli exclusion principle mean that electrons cannot occupy the same quantum mechanical state as other electrons? What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges? What does the strong force act directly upon? What is a residual of the force observed between hadrons as the nuclear force? What is a residual of the force observed between hadrons as the nuclear force? What does the strong force act indirectly, transmitted as gluons, in the virtual pi and rho mesons? What is the term for color confinement? What is the weak force due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons? The weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons? The weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons? What does the word "weak" come from? What does the term "weak" come from? What is the normal force of atoms at close contact? What is the reason for the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects? What is the reason for the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects? What is the normal force of atoms at close contact? What can be modeled using ideal strings that are massless, frictionless, and unstretchable? What are ideal strings that allow ideal strings to switch physical direction? What do ideal strings transmit tension forces instantaneously in action-reaction pairs? How can a string be modeled? How can ideal strings be modeled? What were Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics first developed to describe? What were Newton's laws first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles? What were Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics first developed to describe? What were Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics first developed to describe? What were Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics first developed to describe? What is a formalism that includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area? What does formalism include pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area and shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area? What does formalism include pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area and shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area? What does formalism include pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area and shear terms associated with forces that act parallel to the cross-sectional area? What is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity, and angular momentum for momentum? What does rotational inertia ensure that all bodies maintain their angular momentum unless acted upon by? What does Newton's Second Law of Motion use to derive an analogous equation for the instantaneous angular acceleration of the rigid body? What does the unbalanced centripetal force feel by any object is always directed towards the center of the curving path? What does the unbalanced centripetal force act perpendicular to? What does the unbalanced centripetal force feel by any object is always directed toward the center of the curving path? What does the unbalanced centripetal force feel by any object is always directed toward the center of the curving path? What does the unbalanced centripetal force do? What means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system? What means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system? What does a conservative force allow energy to convert between kinetic and potential forms? How is the net mechanical energy conserved when a conservative force acts on a closed system? What is the force that acts on a closed system considered to be? Why is it impossible to model forces as being due to gradient of potentials? Why is it impossible to model forces as arising from a macroscopic statistical average of microstates? What is a force model that is independent of any macroscale position vector? What is a force model that is independent of any macroscale position vector? What is described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics? What is described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics? What is described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics? What does the Second law of thermodynamics say that nonconservative forces result in energy transformations within closed systems? What is described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics? What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass? What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass? What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass? What is the pound-force? What is the pound-force?