Where did the Virgin Mary appear to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858? What is the name of the copper statue of Christ in front of the Main Building? Where is the golden statue of the Virgin Mary located? What is the Grotto? What is the golden statue of the Main Building's gold dome? When did the Scholastic magazine begin as a one-page journal? What is the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States? What is the name of the newspaper that is published daily in Notre Dame? How many student-run outlets do Notre Dame's students run? When was Common Sense published? Where is the Congregation of Holy Cross located? What is the name of the main seminary in the university? What is the oldest building on campus? Where do retired priests and brothers reside? What prize did Buechner create? How many B.S. degrees are offered at the College of Engineering? When was the College of Engineering established? When was the College of Engineering established? 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When did the Washington Territorial Governor negotiate the Hellgate treaty between the United States Government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and the Kootenai people of western Montana? Who negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States Government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and the Kootenai people of western Montana? When was the Hellgate treaty ratified? What did the Hellgate treaty establish? What was the name of the first U.S. Army post established in Montana? What was the name of the first U.S. Army post established in Montana? When was the Great Sioux War? When was the Battle of the Big Hole? What is the official language in Montana? What percentage of Montana's population speaks English at home? What language is most commonly spoken at home other than English? How many Spanish-language speakers were in Montana in 2011? How many speakers were there in Montana in 2013? What percentage of Montana's population was White? What percentage of Montana's population was White? What percentage of Montana's population was White? What was the population of Montana on July 1, 2015? What was the population of Montana in 2015? What county saw the highest percentage of growth in Montana's population from 2000-2010? What was the population of Billings in 2000-2010? In what year did Jeannette Rankin vote against the United States' declaration of war? In what year did Jeannette Rankin vote against the United States' declaration of war? Who were sent to Montana during the war as smokejumpers? How many bison were found in Montana in 1870? How many bison remained in the United States by 1884? Who pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authorize the slaughter of herds? When did General Philip Sheridan plead to authorize the slaughtering of herds? In what year did the Northern Pacific Railroad reach Montana? When did the NPR reach Montana? Who challenged the surveys into the Yellowstone valley in 1871, 1872 and 1873? When did the Great Sioux War begin? When was the transcontinental NPR completed? In what year did Montanans hold a constitutional convention? What did Montanans hold in 1866? When was a second constitutional convention held in Helena? When did Congress approve Montana statehood? Who signed an omnibus bill granting statehood to Montana? What act provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres of federal land in the midwest and western United States? What act provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres of federal land in the midwest and western United States? When was the first homestead claim made in Montana? How many acres was the Desert Land Act of 1877 passed? How many acres was the Desert Land Act of 1877 passed? How many acres was the Desert Land Act of 1877 passed? Who started promoting settlement in the prairie in the early 1900s? When was the Reclamation Act passed? When was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? How many acres did the Enlarged Homestead Act expand in 1909? When did the U.S. Congress pass the Espionage Act of 1917? What Act extended the Espionage Act of 1917? How did the Montana Sedition Act criminalize criticism of the U.S. government, military, or symbols? How many people were arrested by the Montana Sedition Act? How many people were convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act? How many Montanans joined up before the war ended? How many Montanans joined up before the war ended? How many Montanans died in the war? What was the name of the joint U.S.-Canadian commando-style force that trained at Fort William Henry Harrison? Where were the Air bases built? What is the aim of the Genocide Convention? What did the paragraphs 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the ICTY 7 address the issue of in part? What phrase has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law? Who found that Genocide had been committed? Who goes into details of other cases and the opinions of respected commentators on the Genocide Convention? What was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide? How many cases of genocide were there under other Convention States municipal laws? How many cases of genocide were there under other Convention States municipal laws? How many cases of genocide were there under other Convention States municipal laws? Who reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements? What was the name of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide? What did Lemkin campaign for after the Holocaust? What did Lemkin campaign for after the Holocaust? When did the United Nations General Assembly adopt a resolution that "affirmed" that genocide was a crime under international law? What did the United Nations General Assembly adopt in 1946? What did the first draft of the Convention include? Who argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the term? What did other nations feared the inclusion of political groups in the Convention's definition would invite? Who was a leading genocide scholar? What did the USSR believe the Convention's definition should follow? In what year did the European Court of Human Rights note that the majority of legal scholars took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group? What was enough to qualify as genocide? In what year did the European Court of Human Rights note that the majority of legal scholars took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group? What did the ECHR believe was sufficient to qualify as genocide? What word was later included as a descriptive term to the process of indictment? Who coined the term "ritualcide" to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without necessarily destroying its members? What concept did Lemming create? Who coined the term "ritualcide" to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity? Who coined the term "ritualcide" to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity? What term was coined by Peg LeVine to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity? Who coined the term "ritualcide" to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity? What were some of the key elements of the group's basic existence? The study of genocide has mainly been focused on what aspect of the term? What does the study of genocide formally recognize? What is genocide viewed as when it is looked at in a general aspect? Why is genocide often seen to escape the process of trial and prosecution? When was the Peace of Westphalia established? What is more often than not committed by the officials in power of a state or area? What was the Peace of Westphalia established to protect? When was the Peace of Westphalia established? When was the word genocide not in use? What is the Latin word for to kill? What does the word genocide attempt to do? Who was a Polish-Jewish lawyer? Who described the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war and civilians as a crime without a name? When was the word genocide not in use? What did Winston Churchill describe the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war and civilians? Who was a Polish-Jewish lawyer? What is the Latin word for to kill? What does the word genocide attempt to do? In paragraph 12, what does the judges continue to determine when the targeted part is substantial enough to meet this requirement? The numeric size of the targeted part of the group is the necessary and important starting point, although not in all cases the ending point of the inquiry? The number of individuals targeted should be evaluated not only in what terms? What can be a useful consideration? What is the issue of the perpetrators' access to? In paragraph 13 what does the judges raise the issue of the perpetrators' access to the victims? What are the historical examples of genocide? The intent to destroy formed by a perpetrator of genocide will always be limited by what? What can this factor do in conjunction with other factors? How many countries became parties to the Convention? How many countries became parties to the Convention? How many permanent members of the UN Security Council were parties to the Convention? In what year was the People's Republic of China ratified? How long did the Convention last? What did Kurt Jonassohn and Karin Björnson say the CPPCG was a legal instrument? What is the wording of the treaty not intended to be? What kind of credibility does the CPPCG have? What did Kurt Jonassohn and Karin Björnson say none of the alternative definitions have gained widespread support for? What is the major reason that no single generally accepted genocide definition has emerged? What is the major reason that no single generally accepted genocide definition has emerged? Who did Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn study the whole of human history? Who did Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn study the whole of human history? Who did Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn study the whole of human history? What is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group? What book was written by M. Hassan Kakar? What is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group? What is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group? What is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy? What is genocide? What does genocide result in? How do Harff and Gurr distinguish between genocides and politicides? What are the communal characteristics of the victimized groups? What is the term for'short-lived outbursts by mobs'? What is the ordinary meaning of genocide? What is the ordinary meaning of genocide? What is the legal meaning of genocide? What does the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide mean? What does the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide include? Who defined genocide as when a source of collective power intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group? Who defined genocide as when a source of collective power intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group? Who defined genocide as when a source of collective power uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group? What is the definition of genocide that upholds the centrality of intent? What is the definition of genocide that upholds the centrality of intent? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to do? Where are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish acts of genocide? What did some signatories sign with the proviso that no claim of genocide could be brought against them at the International Court of Justice without their consent? Who did some signatories sign with the proviso that no claim of genocide could be brought against them at the International Court of Justice without their consent? What other signatories protested on the ethics and legal standing of the reservations? When was the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide promulgated? When was the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide promulgated? What were criminals found guilty of? When was the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide promulgated? Who coined the term Holocaust? Who dismissed the appeal by the European Court of Human Rights? Who dismissed the appeal by the European Court of Human Rights? What did the majority of scholars believe did not constitute genocide? What did the Serb forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina want to do? Who found that the actus reu was met in Prijedor? How many people have been indicted for participating in genocide? Who has been found guilty of committing genocide and conspiracy to commit genocide? What has Zdravko Tolimir been found guilty of? What have Radislav Krsti and Drago Nikoli been found guilty of? How many people have been found guilty of participating in genocides in Bosnia? When did Slobodan Miloevi die? Where was Radovan Karadi arrested in 2008? What was the name of the Bosnian Serbs arrested by the ICTY in 1995? When did Slobodan Miloevi die? Who was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY? What is the ICTR? When did the genocide occur? When was the ICTR created? When was the ICTR created? When was the ICTR created? What has been debated over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide? Who declared the conflict in Darfur a "genocide"? When was the conflict in Darfur declared a "genocide"? Who issued a report to the Secretary-General in January 2005? What did the Commission caution about the conclusion that no genocidal policy has been pursued and implemented in Darfur? Who did the Security Council refer the situation in Darfur to in March 2005? Who was the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court? How many permanent members of the Security Council abstained from the vote on the referral resolution? What did the Prosecutor not find sufficient evidence to prosecute for genocide? What have other authors focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide? What have other authors focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide? Who showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence in many instances of genocides and mass killing? What contributes to the probability that violence develops into genocide? What do the conditions that lead to genocide provide guidance to early prevention? What is a common phenomenon? What reflects evolution ary processes that take place during antibiotic therapy? When did the Luria-Delbrück experiment demonstrate antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? What antibiotics are used to have a high efficacy against many bacterial species and strains? What reflects evolutionary processes that take place during antibiotic therapy? What can the antibiotic treatment select for bacterial strains with physiologically or genetically enhanced capacity to survive? When did the Luria-Delbrück experiment demonstrate antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? When did the Luria-Delbrück experiment demonstrate antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? What does the activity of antibacterials depend frequently on? What is a bactericidal activity of an antibacterial based on in clinical settings? What may a bactericidal activity of antibacterials depend on? What does a bactericidal activity of antibacterials often require? What does the activity of antibacterials depend frequently on? What are some factors that determine the successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy? What are several pharmacological parameters used to predict clinical outcome? What do most antibacterial antibiotics target? What are the two types of antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall? What is the cell membrane? What are some of the proteins that target protein synthesis? What are antibacterial antibiotics commonly classified based on? What are the two types of antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall? What is the cell membrane? How many new classes of antibiotics have been brought into clinical use in the late 2000s and early 2010s? What are antibacterial antibiotics commonly classified based on? What are most modern antibacterial modifications? What is another name for the penicillins? What are the compounds that are still isolated from living organisms? How are antibacterial compounds produced? What are most modern antibacterial modifications? What is the molecular weight of many antibacterial compounds? What are the beta-lactam antibiotics? What are the beta-lactam antibiotics? What has led to the near eradication of diseases such as tuberculosis in the developed world? What has caused bacteria to develop? 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What has caused widespread problems with antimicrobial and tuberculosis? What has caused bacteria to develop resistance? What has led to the near eradication of diseases such as tuberculosis in the developed world? What type of therapy is usually initiated before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim causing the infection? How long does the identification process take before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim causing the infection? What is the best choice of antibiotic that will be most active against the likely cause of infection? What type of antibiotic will be most active against the likely cause of infection? What type of therapy is usually initiated before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim causing the infection? What is the best choice of antibiotic that will be most active against the likely cause of infection? What is the responsible microorganism in empirical therapy? What type of therapy is usually initiated before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim causing the infection? What is one of the major adverse effects of antibiotics? What is the cause of diarrhea? What type of flora can antibacterials affect? What is a side effect of a quinolone antibiotic? What have some scientists hypothesized that the indiscriminate use of antibiotics alter the host microbiota? What are antibiotics usually considered safe and most are well tolerated? When are antibiotics screened for negative effects on humans or other mammals? What are the side effects of antibiotics? What is one of the major adverse effects of antibiotics? What has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics usually considered safe and most are well tolerated? What are some major allergic reactions to antibiotics? What is a common side effect of antibiotics? What type of flora can antibacterials affect? What is a side effect of a quinolone antibiotic with a systemic corticosteroid? What is associated with increased body mass in humans and mouse models? What was the name of the subtherapeutic antibiotic treatment that altered the composition of the gut microbiota? What was the name of the subtherapeutic antibiotic treatment that altered the composition of the gut microbiota? What is unclear if antibiotics cause obesity in humans? What is a correlation between antibiotic use in early life and obesity in humans? What is associated with increased body mass in humans and mouse models? What is a critical period for the establishment of the intestinal microbiota? What is unclear if antibiotics cause obesity in humans? What do most studies indicate antibiotics interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is the effect of antibiotics on the intestinal flora? What has been suggested about the effects of antibiotics on the intestinal flora? What have Clinicians recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives? What do most studies indicate antibiotics interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is the effect of antibiotics on the intestinal flora that could result in reduced absorption of estrogens in the colon? What have Clinicians recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What have Clinicians recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What may occur and cause side-effects and decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy? Alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with what? What can alcohol consumption cause? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What is the cause of the side-effects of alcohol and certain antibiotics? What is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What may occur and cause side-effects and decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy? What can alcohol consumption cause? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What may be part of the genetic makeup of bacterial strains? What can be exchanged between different bacterial strains or species via plasmids that carry resistance genes? What may be absent from the bacterial genome? The spread of antibacterial resistance often occurs through what? What is the result of a mutation in the bacterial chromosome or the acquisition of extra-chromosomal DNA? The spread of antibacterial resistance often occurs through what? Plasmids that carry several different resistance genes can confer resistance to multiple antibacterials? What are antibacterial-resistant strains and species sometimes referred to as? What are emergent bacterial strains causing tuberculosis that are resistant to previously effective antibacterial treatments? How many new cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis are estimated to occur every year? What is the term for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What is an example of misuse? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What is one common form of antibiotic misuse? What is one common form of antibiotic misuse? What is another form of misuse of antibiotics? What is an example of a prescription to treat viral infections such as the cold? What did a study on respiratory tract infections find that physicians were more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients who appeared to expect them? What is the name of the task force that addresses the issues of misuse and overuse of antibiotics? Who coordinates the US Interagency Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance? What was the name of the government campaign that led to a marked reduction of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions? When did the EU ban the use of antibiotics as growth-promotional agents? In what year was Swann's report published? What two organizations have called for restrictions on antibiotic use in food animal production and an end to all nontherapeutic uses? What are two federal bills aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in US food animals? What are the two federal bills aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in US food animals? What is the use of antibiotics in? When did the US Food and Drug Administration raise the question of emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains? When did the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York order the FDA to revoke approvals for the use of antibiotics in livestock? Before the early 20th century, treatments for infections were primarily based on what? In what year were Mixtures with antimicrobial properties used in treatments of infections described? What type of materials did ancient cultures use to treat infections? What was the term 'antibiosis'? Who introduced the term 'antibiosis'? How many times had the effects of mold on infection been noticed over the course of history? What bacteria was killed by a fungus of the genus Penicillium? What did Fleming call the effect of mold on infection? What did Fleming believe the effect of penicillin could be exploited for? What was the name of the first commercially available antibacterial? Who developed the first sulfonamide? Who developed the first sulfonamide? Who received the 1939 Nobel Prize for Medicine? What was the name of the first naturally derived antibiotic? When was tyrothricin discovered? What was the compound of tyrothricin? What was the compound of tyrothricin? What was one of the first commercially manufactured antibiotics? When did Florey and Chain purify the first penicillin? When did penicillin G become widely available outside of the Allied military? Who developed the back extraction technique for efficiently purifying penicillin in bulk? When did penicillin G become widely available outside of the Allied military? Who determined the chemical structure of penicillin in 1945? What do Vaccines rely on? What has been responsible for a drastic reduction in global bacterial diseases? What type of vaccines have been replaced by less reactogenic, cell-free vaccines? What is another option that is being looked into for treating resistant strains of bacteria? What is the way that researchers are doing this? What is one of the worries about using phages to fight pathogens? What group reported that the weak antibiotic pipeline does not match bacteria's increasing ability to develop resistance? How many antibiotics were identified against the Gram-negative bacilli? In what year did theIDSA report that the weak antibiotic pipeline does not match bacteria's increasing ability to develop resistance? What is one of the improvements to the ADAPT Act? What could be used to persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in ADAPT? What does the ADAPT Act aim to combat? What is the name of the senior director for health programs at The Pew Charitable Trusts? What type of composer was Chopin born? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? What did Chopin write primarily for? Where was Chopin born? When did Chopin leave Poland? When was Chopin born? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? Where was Chopin born? What did Chopin write primarily for? When did Chopin leave Poland? When was François Chopin born? Who was Chopin born? What did Chopin write primarily for? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? When was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? When did Chopin leave Poland? When was Chopin born? When was François Chopin born? At what age did Chopin settle in Paris? How many public performances did Chopin give during the last 18 years of his life? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? What was one of Chopin's most productive periods of composition? What type of illness did Chopin die in Paris in 1849? Where did Chopin settle at the age of 21? How many public performances did Chopin give during the last 18 years of his life? Who did Chopin form a friendship with? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? What French writer did Chopin have a troubled relationship with in 1837 to 1847? At what age did Chopin settle in Paris? How many public performances did Chopin give during the last 18 years of his life? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who supported Chopin in his last years? When did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who supported Chopin in his last years? What type of illness did Chopin die in Paris in 1849? What is one of Chopin's compositions? What concept did Chopin invented? What are some of Chopin's influences on his compositional style? What were Chopin's own performances noted for? What type of music was Chopin a frequent guest in? What is one of Chopin's compositions? What concept did Chopin invented? What were Chopin's own performances noted for? What are some of Chopin's influences on his compositional style? How many piano concertos did Chopin write? What is one of Chopin's compositions? How many piano concertos did Chopin write? What were Chopin's own performances noted for? What are some of Chopin's influences on his compositional style? What is one of Chopin's compositions? How many piano concertos did Chopin write? What type of music was Chopin a frequent guest in? What is Chopin's association with political insurrection? What is Chopin's status as one of music's earliest superstars? What has Chopin been a symbol of in the public consciousness? What type of films has Chopin been the subject of? Where did Chopin live? Where did Chopin live? What is Chopin's association with? What has Chopin been a symbol of in the public consciousness? Where did Chopin live? What is Chopin's association with? What has Chopin been a symbol of in the public consciousness? Where was Fryderyk Chopin born? When was Fryderyk Chopin's birthday? When did the composer and his family use the birthdate? What does the parish baptismal record give Fryderyk Chopin's birthday? Where was Fryderyk Chopin born? Where was Fryderyk Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? When was Fryderyk Chopin's birthday? When did the composer and his family use the birthdate? What does the parish baptismal record give Fryderyk Chopin's birthday? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? When was Fryderyk Chopin's birthday? When did the composer and his family use the birthdate? What does the parish baptismal record give Fryderyk Chopin's birthday? Where was Fryderyk Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? Who did Nicolas Chopin marry in 1806? When was Fryderyk baptized? When did Nicolas Chopin marry Justyna Krzyanowska? When did Nicolas Chopin emigrate to Poland? When did Nicolas Chopin emigrate to Poland? Who did Nicolas Chopin marry in 1806? Who was Fryderyk's godfather? Who was Fryderyk Skarbek's elder sister? When did Nicolas Chopin emigrate to Poland? When did Nicolas Chopin emigrate to Poland? Who was Fryderyk Skarbek's elder sister? When did Fryderyk's father move to Warsaw? When did Fryderyk's father move to Warsaw? Where did Fryderyk live? What did Fryderyk's father play? What was Chopin prone to in early childhood? When did Fryderyk's father move to Warsaw? Where did Fryderyk's father teach French? What did Fryderyk's father play? Who played the flute and violin? When did Fryderyk's father move to Warsaw? When did Fryderyk's father move to Warsaw? What did Fryderyk's father play? Who played the flute and violin? How long after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? In what year did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? How many polonaises did Fryderyk compose in 1817? In what year did Fryderyk compose a polonaise in A-flat major? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? In what year did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? How many polonaises did Fryderyk compose in 1817? When was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? In what year did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? In what year was the Kazimierz Palace reestablished? Where was the Kazimierz Palace reestablished? In what year was the Kazimierz Palace reestablished? What did Fryderyk play for? What was the name of Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz's dramatic eclogue? In what year was the Kazimierz Palace reestablished? In what year was the Kazimierz Palace reestablished? Who was the son of the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk play for? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? What did Fryderyk play for? Who was the son of the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk play for? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? Who did Chopin receive organ lessons from during his first year at the Warsaw Lyceum? In what year did Chopin begin a three-year course at the Warsaw Conservatory? What was Chopin's mechanical organ called? Who presented Chopin with a diamond ring? When did Chopin perform his Rondo Op? Who did Chopin receive organ lessons from during his first year at the Warsaw Lyceum? In what year did Chopin begin a three-year course at the Warsaw Conservatory? What was Chopin's mechanical organ called? What did Tsar Alexander I give Chopin? What was Chopin's first eolomelodicon concert? Who did Chopin receive organ lessons from during his first year at the Warsaw Lyceum? In what year did Chopin begin a three-year course at the Warsaw Conservatory? What was Chopin's mechanical organ called? Who presented Chopin with a diamond ring? Who praised Chopin's "wealth of musical ideas"? Who was Chopin a guest of? Where was Chopin a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski? What was the name of Chopin's letters home from Szafarnia? What was the name of Chopin's letters home from Szafarnia? Who was Chopin a guest of? Where did Chopin meet for the first time? Who was Chopin a guest of? What title did Chopin give to his family? Where was Chopin a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski? When did the Chopin Family Parlour become a museum? Where was the Krasiski Palace located? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What was Chopin's youngest sister's death? Who executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members in 1829? When did the Chopin Family Parlour become a museum? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What did Chopin's parents run their boarding house for? Who executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members in 1829? Who died in 1827? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What was Chopin's youngest sister's death? Who executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members in 1829? What was Chopin's youngest sister's death? Who were the boarders at Chopin's parents' apartments? Who was Tytus Woyciechowski attracted to? Who were the boarders at Chopin's parents' apartments? Who was Tytus Woyciechowski attracted to? What did Woyciechowski say was secretly dedicated to her? When was Chopin's final Conservatory report published? Who were the boarders at Chopin's parents' apartments? Who was Tytus Woyciechowski attracted to? Who were the boarders at Chopin's parents' apartments? What did Woyciechowski say was secretly dedicated to her? How many boarders became Chopin's intimates? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed the operas of Gaspare Spontini? Who was Chopin a guest of? What was Chopin's major for cello and piano? Who directed the operas of Gaspare Spontini? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed the operas of Gaspare Spontini? Who was Chopin a guest of? What was Chopin's major for cello and piano? Who directed the operas of Gaspare Spontini? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed the operas of Gaspare Spontini? Who directed the operas of Gaspare Spontini? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen? What was the name of the variation Chopin composed in Warsaw? When did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? How many piano concerts did Chopin give? When did Chopin premiere his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor? What was the name of the variation Chopin composed in Warsaw? Where did Chopin make his debut? When did Chopin premiere his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor? When did Chopin return to Warsaw? What did Chopin say he was too delicate for? Who played the violin in Warsaw? Where did Chopin make his debut? How many piano concerts did Chopin give? When did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? When did Chopin's success as a composer and performer open the door to western Europe? Where did Chopin go with Woyciechowski? When did Chopin's success as a composer and performer open the door to western Europe? Who said that Chopin's success as a composer and performer opened the door to western Europe? Who said that Chopin's success as a composer and performer opened the door to western Europe? Who did Chopin head for Austria? Where did Chopin intend to go with Woyciechowski? When did Woyciechowski return to Poland to enlist? Who was Zdzisaw Jachimecki? Who did Chopin head for Austria? When did Chopin's success as a composer and performer open the door to western Europe? What did Chopin write to a friend in 1831? When did Chopin learn that the uprising was crushed? Who did Chopin become one of many expatriates of? In what country did Chopin use the French versions of his given names? When did Chopin receive French citizenship? Who did Chopin remain close to in exile as friends and confidants? When did Chopin arrive in Paris? When did Chopin arrive in Paris? Who did Chopin become one of many expatriates of? When did Chopin receive French citizenship? Who wrote that Chopin never considered himself to be French? What country did Chopin never return to in 1831? In what country did Chopin use the French versions of his given names? In what country did Chopin use the French versions of his given names? Who wrote that Chopin never considered himself to be French? Who did Chopin become one of many expatriates of? Where did Chopin meet artists and other distinguished figures? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? What was Adam Mickiewicz's verses? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? Who did Chopin become acquainted with during his years in Paris? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? Who was Adam Mickiewicz? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? What was Julian Fontana's name? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? How many Polish friends were to play important roles in Chopin's life in Paris? In what country did Julian Fontana try to establish himself? In what country did Julian Fontana try to establish himself? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Where was Julian Fontana from? Who reviewed the Op. 2 Variations in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? What was Chopin's keyboard technique not optimal for large concert spaces? Who did Chopin no longer depend on? Who reviewed the Op. 2 Variations in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? Who was Chopin introduced to in 1831? When did Chopin receive the first major endorsement from an outstanding contemporary? What was Chopin's keyboard technique not optimal for large concert spaces? What did Chopin earn in the winter of 1832? What did Chopin prefer playing at his own Paris apartment? What did Chopin perform on? Where did Chopin give a single annual concert? What was Chopin involved in? Who did Chopin contract with in 1833? Who was Chopin's pupil? Where did Chopin play for small groups of friends? Who did Chopin perform on pianos? Who did Chopin contract with in 1833? Who did Chopin meet at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Who was the director of the Academy of Art? Who was the director of the Academy of Art? Where did Chopin go in 1835? Where did Chopin attend the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Who did Chopin attend the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where did Chopin go in 1835? Where did Chopin travel in 1836 to be with the Wodziski family? Where did Chopin travel in 1836 to be with the Wodziski family? Who did Chopin meet at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where did Chopin meet Felix Mendelssohn? Who was Schadow's director? How many years ago did Chopin make the acquaintance of his daughter? Who did Chopin first meet Liszt after arriving in Paris? Who was Liszt in attendance at Chopin's Parisian debut? Who did Chopin first meet Liszt after arriving in Paris? When was Chopin's Parisian debut? Who did Chopin first meet Liszt after arriving in Paris? Where was Chopin's Parisian debut? Where did Chopin live? Where did Chopin and Liszt live? How many times did Chopin and Liszt perform together between 1833 and 1841? Who played George Onslow's Sonata in F minor for piano duet? Where was the Beethoven Memorial held? On what date was the first concert between Chopin and Liszt held? Where was the Beethoven Memorial held? Where was the Beethoven Memorial held? Where did Chopin and Liszt live? How many times did Chopin and Liszt perform together between 1833 and 1841? Who played George Onslow's Sonata in F minor for piano duet? What qualities did Liszt and Chopin have? What did Harold C. Schonberg believe Chopin was enchanted with? What did Chopin do when Liszt performed one of his nocturnes? What did Chopin refer to him in his letters dated as late as 1848? Who was the dedicatee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was the mistress of Chopin? Who was the devotee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was the devotee of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was the mistress of Chopin? Who did Chopin write to to rob Liszt of the way he plays his studies? Who was Liszt's mistress? Who hosted the party in 1836? What did Chopin write in Polish? What was the name of the letter that Chopin wrote to Grzymaa in 1838? Who was the author of George Sand? What was George Sand thought to be influenced by? What did Chopin write in Polish? Who hosted the party in 1836? Who made it clear to Chopin that a marriage with her daughter was unlikely to proceed? What did Chopin write in Polish? What was the name of the letter that Chopin wrote to Grzymaa in 1838? What country did Chopin visit in 1837? When did Chopin return to Paris? What did Sand say he was confused and amazed at? What was the name of Sand's son? Where was the former Carthusian monastery located? What country did Chopin visit in 1837? What country did Chopin visit in 1837? What did Sand say he was confused and amazed at? Who was Sand's former lover? What was the name of the monastery in Valldemossa? When did Chopin return to Paris? What was the name of Sand's son? How many children did Chopin and Maurice have in Majorca? What did the two of Sand's children feel they were humiliated at? What was the name of the monastery in Valldemossa? How many doctors have visited Chopin on December 3? What type of piano did Chopin have to send to him? What did Chopin finish his Preludes on? How many doctors have visited Chopin? On what date did Chopin complain about his bad health and the incompetence of the doctors in Majorca? How many doctors have visited Chopin? What type of piano did Chopin have to send to him? On what date did Chopin complain about his bad health and the incompetence of the doctors in Majorca? What type of piano did Chopin have to send to him? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? What French couple did Sand sell the piano to to avoid customs duties? Where did the Canuts travel to? Where did the Canuts return to in 1839? Where did Sand move to in 1842? What French couple did Sand sell the piano to to avoid customs duties? Where did the Canuts travel to? Where did the Canuts return to in 1839? Where was Chopin's apartment near Sand's rented accommodation? Where did Sand move to in 1842? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? What was the name of the French couple that sold the piano to the Canuts? Where did the Canuts travel to? Where did Sand move to in 1842? Where did the Canuts return to in 1839? What composition was composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution? Who was present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale? When did Chopin appear at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? Where did Chopin make a rare appearance at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? What transcription did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? When did Chopin appear at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? Where was Adolphe Nourrit cremated? What composition was composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution? Who was present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale? What was Chopin's Polonaise in A-flat major? Who was the mezzo-soprano that Chopin advised on piano technique and composition? When did Delacroix give an account of staying at Nohant? What did Viardot advise Chopin on? Who was the mezzo-soprano that Chopin advised on piano technique and composition? Who gave an account of staying at Nohant in a letter of 7 June 1842? Which mezzo-soprano did Chopin advise on piano technique and composition? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? Who did Chopin write to after a solo recital in Paris? Who did Chopin decline a written invitation to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony? Who visited Chopin in 1844? What does modern research suggest Chopin may have suffered from? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? Who did Chopin decline a written invitation to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony? What does modern research suggest Chopin may have suffered from? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? What was Chopin's mouth and tonsils aching so much? Who did Chopin decline a written invitation to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony? Who visited Chopin in 1844? What type of epilepsy did Chopin suffer from? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was Chopin indifferent to? What did Chopin call Chopin? What was the name of Sand's novel? Who wrote Lucrezia Floriani? What was the name of Sand's daughter's fiancé? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was the name of Sand's novel? When did Chopin's relationship with Sand end? What did Sand call Chopin's "third child"? What was the name of Sand's novel? Who wrote Lucrezia Floriani? What did Chopin write in 1844? What were Chopin's mazurkas more refined than? How many works did Chopin write in 1842? How many works did Chopin write in 1842? What did Chopin write in 1844? How many works did Chopin write in 1842? How many works did Chopin write in 1842? How many mazurkas did Chopin write in 1845? When did Chopin give his last Paris concert? Who gave Chopin's last Paris concert? When did Chopin give his last Paris concert? Who gave Chopin's last Paris concert? What did Chopin's public popularity as a virtuoso begin to wane? Who gave Chopin's last Paris concert? Who gave Chopin's last Paris concert? What documentary covered Chopin's life? What documentary covered Chopin's life? What documentary covered Chopin's life? What documentary covered Chopin's life? What documentary covered Chopin's life? What documentary covered Chopin's life? What documentary covered Chopin's life? Which film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award for his portrayal of the composer? Which film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award for his portrayal of the composer? When was La valse de l'adieu released? What is the name of the film that starred Hugh Grant? What has been fictionalized in numerous films? Which film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award for his portrayal of the composer? Which film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award for his portrayal of the composer? What is the name of the film that starred Hugh Grant? What is the name of the film that starred Hugh Grant? When was Chopin produced? Who wrote Chopin? Who wrote Chopin? What was the name of the operatic version of Chopin? What was the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life? Who wrote Chopin? Who wrote Chopin? Who wrote Chopin? Who wrote the sonnet on Chopin? Who are the French writers on Chopin? What was the earliest manifestation of Chopin? Who wrote the sonnet on Chopin? What was the earliest manifestation of Chopin? How many biographies of Chopin are there in English? How many years does the Warsaw Chopin Society organize the Grand Prix du disque de F. Chopin? How many years does the Warsaw Chopin Society organize the Grand Prix du disque de F. Chopin? Who did the critics of The New York Times recommend performances by? How many years does the Warsaw Chopin Society organize the Grand Prix du disque de F. Chopin? How many years does the Warsaw Chopin Society organize the Grand Prix du disque de F. Chopin? Who did the critics of The New York Times recommend performances by? In what year did Paul Pabst perform the Nocturne in E major Op.? What was the earliest recording of Chopin? In what year did Paul Pabst perform the Nocturne in E major Op.? Who recorded Chopin's works? In what year did Paul Pabst perform the Nocturne in E major Op.? Who gives a select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How long is the International Chopin Piano Competition held in Warsaw? How many performances of Chopin works are listed on the Fryderyk Chopin Institute? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? How many societies does the Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland list on its website? How many performances of Chopin works are listed on the Fryderyk Chopin Institute? What ballet was Chopin's music used in? Who choreographed Chopin's music in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? What was the name of the orchestration that Chopiniana used for later productions? Who orchestrated Chopiniana? Who choreographed Chopin's music in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? What ballet was Chopin's music used in? Who choreographed Chopin's music in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? Who choreographed Chopin's music in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? Who commissioned additional orchestrations from Stravinsky, Anatoly Lyadov, Sergei Taneyev and Nikolai Tcherepnin for later productions? Where did Stirling leave during the Revolution of 1848? Who suggested Stirling's tour of London? Where did Stirling leave during the Revolution of 1848? Who suggested Stirling's tour? Who suggested Stirling's tour of London? When did Stirling leave London? Who suggested Stirling's tour of London? Where did Chopin take lodgings? Where did Chopin take lodgings? Where was Chopin's first engagement? Who was Chopin's first audience at Stafford House? Who sang arrangements of some of Chopin's mazurkas to Spanish texts? Where did Chopin take lodgings? Where did Chopin take lodgings? What was Chopin's first engagement at Stafford House? What was Chopin sought after for? Who sang arrangements of some of Chopin's mazurkas to Spanish texts? What country did Jane Stirling visit in late summer? Who was the Polish physician in 1848? What country did Jane Stirling visit in late summer? Where did Chopin give a public concert? What was the name of the Polish physician that he wrote to Grzymaa? When did Chopin make his last public appearance on a concert platform? When did Chopin make his last public appearance on a concert platform? What was Chopin's last public appearance on a concert platform? What stage was Chopin diagnosed with? When did Chopin make his last public appearance on a concert platform? Who did Chopin sing for his friends? Where was Chopin's apartment located? Who secretly subsidised Chopin's rent in Chaillot? When did Chopin return to Paris? Who did Chopin sing for his friends? Where was Chopin's apartment located? Who visited Chopin in 1849? Who visited Chopin in June 1849? Who was Chopin's sister? Where was Chopin's apartment located? Who was Chopin's sister? Who did Chopin's sister come to Paris in 1849? Who loaned Chopin an apartment at Place Vendôme 12? How many of Chopin's closest friends remained with him? Why did Chopin request that his body be opened after death? What did Chopin say he was suffering? Who made Chopin's death mask? Why did Chopin request that his body be opened after death? Who made Chopin's death mask? What did Chopin's death certificate give the cause of his death? Who was the leading French authority on tuberculosis? What has been denied by the Polish government? What did Chopin's death certificate give the cause of his death? Who was the leading French authority on tuberculosis? What is another possibility of tuberculosis? What has been denied by the Polish government? Where was the funeral held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people arrived without invitations? Where was the funeral held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people arrived without invitations? Who sang Mozart's Requiem at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? Who played the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2? Who sang Mozart's Requiem at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral? Where did the funeral procession take place? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? Who played the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2? Who sculpted Chopin's tombstone? What is the name of Chopin's muse of music? How much did Jane Stirling pay for the funeral and monument? Who paid for the return of Chopin's sister to Warsaw? Where was Chopin's heart preserved? Who designed Chopin's tombstone? How much did Jane Stirling pay for the funeral and monument? Who paid for the return of Chopin's sister to Warsaw? How much did Jane Stirling pay for the return of Ludwika to Warsaw? How many letters did Ludwika take from Sand to Chopin? How many works of Chopin survive? What is one of Chopin's known works? How many works of Chopin survive? What type of music do Chopin's works involve? Chopin was educated in what tradition? Chopin was educated in what tradition? Who were the two most important composers in shaping Chopin's musical outlook? Who was Chopin educated in? Who invented the salon genre of the nocturne? Who was the first to write ballades and scherzi as individual concert pieces? What genre did Chopin take to a deeper level of sophistication? Who was the first to write ballades and scherzi as individual concert pieces? What concept did Chopin exploit? Who developed the concert étude in the 1820s and 1830s? How many polonaises were published in Chopin's lifetime? How many polonaises were published in Chopin's lifetime? What were the mazurkas written for? What were Chopin's waltzes written for? What type of music did Chopin's mazurkas come from? What type of dance did Chopin's mazurkas originate from? What type of dance did Chopin's mazurkas originate from? How many polonaises were published in Chopin's lifetime? What were Chopin's waltzes written for? What is the name of Chopin's well-known piece? What was the name of Chopin's piece? What was the third movement of Chopin's Sonata No. 2? What was the third movement of Chopin's Sonata No. 2? What is the name of Chopin's well-known piece? What is the name of the piece Chopin wrote? What was the last opus number Chopin used? How many unpublished piano pieces did Julian Fontana select? How many unpublished piano pieces did Julian Fontana select? How many Polish songs did Chopin write at various stages of his life? What was the last opus number Chopin used? How many unpublished piano pieces did Julian Fontana select? When were 17 Polish songs that Chopin wrote at various stages of his life collected and published as Op. 74? Who is the Kobylaska Catalogue named for? In what year did Chopin's works receive alternative catalogue designations instead of opus numbers? In what year did Chopin's works receive alternative catalogue designations instead of opus numbers? What is the current standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? What are the initials of the Kobylaska Catalogue? What is the current standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? Who published the first collected edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the Polish National Edition? Which of Chopin's original publishers was Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel? What was the name of the first collected edition of Chopin's works? What was the name of the first scholarly edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the Polish National Edition? What stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? What stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes? Who writes that improvisation is designed for an audience? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? Who suggests that the Barcarolle Op. 60 stands apart as an example of Chopin's rich harmonic palette coupled with an Italianate warmth of melody? Who suggested that the four ballades and four scherzos stand supreme? What does Temperley opines that the Barcarolle Op. 60 are based on? What type of features do Chopin's mazurkas often show? What type of features do Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes have? What type of form are Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes all in? What type of features do Chopin's mazurkas often show? What is a great rarity in music? What do Chopin's polonaises typically display in their melodies, accompaniments and cadences? Who were Chopin's Polish predecessors? What do Chopin's polonaises typically display in their melodies, accompaniments and cadences? What type of technique does Chopin's polonaises require? How many nocturnes are more structured? What are the middle sections of the Chopin nocturnes marked by? How many nocturnes are more structured? When did Field meet with Chopin? How many nocturnes are more structured? What is Chopin's ternary form? What is Chopin's ternary form? What is Chopin's ternary form? What is the name of J.S. Bach's work? Who recorded the Prelude Op. 28 No. 7? What are some of the preludes described as "the beginnings of studies"? What is the name of J.S. Bach's work? What were Chopin's preludes used as? Who recorded the Prelude Op. 28 No. 7? In what opera was Chopin able to combine elements of his virtuosic piano technique? Who wrote the Op. 58 sonata? In what opera was Chopin able to combine elements of his virtuosic piano technique? What movement was found shocking and unmusical by contemporaries? What is the name of the two mature piano sonatas? Who is a composer of Chopin's modal harmony? Chopin's harmonic innovations may have arisen partly from what technique? What type of chords are used outside the home key in Chopin's works? What was Chopin's style based on? Who wrote of a recital given by Chopin in 1841? What did Chopin write in his Projet de méthode? Who was Karol Szymanowski's "one worthy successor" among his compatriots? What was Chopin's use of? How many mazurkas was Alexander Scriabin devoted to? Who was Karol Szymanowski's "one worthy successor" among his compatriots? How many mazurkas was Alexander Scriabin devoted to? How many mazurkas was Alexander Scriabin devoted to? Who wrote that modern concert performance stylemilitates against what is known of Chopin's more intimate performance technique? What type of procedures did Chopin avoid in performance? What type of procedures did Chopin avoid incorrectly attributed to him? What did Bellman say to a pupil thatconcerts are never real music? Who wrote that Chopin has created a kind of chromatic embroidery? What did Hiller say in his hands was a colourful wreath of flowers? What is the practice in performance of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect? What does rubato mean in Chopin's music? What is the practice in performance of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect? What did Rosen say most of the written-out indications of rubato in Chopin are to be found in? Who wrote that his tones sang in full forte or softest piano? Who wrote that his tones sang in full forte or softest piano? What was Friederike Müller's most severe criticism? What did Chopin introduce to music with his mazurkas and polonaises? What was Schumann's review of the piano concertos? What did Schumann's review of the piano concertos highlight? What was Schumann's review of the piano concertos? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? What are Chopin's mazurkas and polonaises? Who wrote a review of the piano concertos in 1836? What are Chopin's works cannon buried in? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? Who suggested that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music? Who did George Golos refer to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe? Who impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works? What did Chopin's music symbolize? What did others find Poles a source of strength in? What did Chopin's music symbolize? Who suggested that Chopin's lack of Byronic flamboyance and his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional among his romantic contemporaries? What romantic contemporaries did Arthur Hutchings suggest Chopin's lack of Byronic flamboyance and his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional? What was Chopin fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831? Who suggested that Chopin's lack of Byronic flamboyance and his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional among his romantic contemporaries? Where did Schumann name a piece for Chopin? Who named a piece for Chopin in his suite Carnaval? How many of Chopin's Polish songs did Liszt transcribe for? Who was deeply affected by Chopin's death? Who named a piece for Chopin in his suite Carnaval? Where did Schumann name a piece for Chopin? Who named a piece for Chopin in his suite Carnaval? Who transcribed for piano six of Chopin's Polish songs? What year did Debussy dedicate his own piano Études to the memory of Chopin? What publisher did Debussy edit Chopin's piano music? Who made recordings of Chopin's music? How many of Chopin's long-standing pupils were piano teachers? Who assert that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet? What dynasty had a shortage of horses for warfare? When did the Yongle Emperor make a concerted effort to build a secular and religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa? Who was Kublai Khan? Who was the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school? Who did Tibetan leaders conduct their own foreign diplomacy with during the Ming? Who used armed resistance against Ming forays? Who were successful armed protectors of the Gelug Dalai Lama? Who founded the Ganden Phodrang regime? When was the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initiated? When did the Tibetan Empire collapse? When was a peace treaty signed with the Tang? What was the name of the peace treaty signed by the Yarlung rulers of Tibet in 821? What was Tibet once a strong power contemporaneous with? When was a peace treaty signed with the Tang? When was the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China? When was the Song dynasty? How many documents involving Sino-Tibetan contacts survive from the Song dynasty? What dynasty did the Song dynasty rule? Who ruled Jin dynasty? Who conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia? Who launched an invasion into Tibet after Genghis Khan's death? When did gedei Khan die? Who launched an invasion into Tibet after Genghis Khan's death? Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan? Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism? When did Sakya Pandita submit to Godan? When was the regency of Töregene Khatun? How many different states were ruled by myriarchies? Who granted Kublai a large appanage in North China? Who granted Kublai a large appanage in North China? Who was the 2nd Karmapa Lama? Who recognized Kublai as a superior sovereign in political affairs? When did Kublai Khan conquer the Song dynasty in South China? When was the Yuan dynasty? When did Kublai Khan conquer the Song dynasty? What did Khubilai claim by the early 1260s? When did Kublai Khan conquer the Song dynasty? When was the Sakya viceregal regime overthrown? Who overthrown the Sakya viceregal regime? Who overthrown the Sakya viceregal regime? What were Changchub Gyaltsen's successors? Who established the Ming dynasty? What was the name of the Han Chinese revolt in 1368? Who established the Ming dynasty? When did the Hongwu Emperor rule? When did the Hongwu Emperor send envoys out to ask the Yuan officeholders to renew their titles for the new Ming court? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? Who did the early Ming government enact a law that forbade Han Chinese to learn the tenets of Tibetan Buddhism? When was the Yongle Emperor born? Who was the first Ming ruler to seek an extension of relations with Tibet? When was the History of Ming dynasty compiled? What was the name of the dynasty that established the É-L-S Army-Civilian Marshal Office? What is the name of the Army-Civilian Marshal Office in western Tibet? How many Wanhu offices are there? What was the name of the dynasty that established the É-L-S Army-Civilian Marshal Office? How many Princes of Dharma were appointed by the Ming court? Who was the Phagmodru ruler of Tibet? Who was the Phagmodru ruler of Tibet? Who was a former professor of the University of Washington? Who is the late Turrell V. Wylie? Who wrote that Tibet scarcely had diplomatic relations with the Ming? Who supports van Praag's position? Who are Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain? What did Wang and Nyima argue that the Ming emperor sent to Tibet twice in the second year of the Ming dynasty? When did the Mongol Prince Punala go to Nanjing? What did lamas call themselves? What did the Ming dynasty give to ex-Yuan officials in the early years of its founding? Who wrote The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama? Who ruled India and New Zealand as a result of the Mongol Yuan dynasty? Who wrote The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama? What is the name of the Yuan dynasty? What does the Encyclopedia Americana describe the Yuan dynasty as? Who dismissed the Yuan dynasty as a non-Chinese polity? Who explains that Kublai created government institutions that resembled or were the same as the traditional Chinese ones? When did the Yuan dynasty of China rule? When was Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan's reign? What was the name of the border market that existed between China and Tibet during the Yuan? What ethnicity was given higher status than the Han Chinese majority? What is the official position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China? Who was Choskunskyabs appointed General of? What dynasty governed most areas of Tibet? Where was the China Tibetology Research Center located? Who wrote that the Ming court conferred new official positions on ex-Yuan Tibetan leaders of the Phachu Kargyu? How many households did Qianhu have? How many households did Wanhu have? Who was the Tibetologist that countered the narrative of titles granted by the Chinese to Tibetans? Who did the Ming emperors send invitations to? Who sent invitations to ruling lamas? Where are the oasis city-states of the Western Regions? What is the name of the oasis city-states of the Western Regions? What title was granted to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen? What is the Tibetan title of Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen? Which dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? What title was given to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen? Which dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? Who was the first leader of the Tibetan Empire to establish Tibet as a strong power? Who asserts that Changchub Gyaltsen's ambitions were to restore to Tibet the glories of its Imperial Age? Where is Lok-Ham Chan a professor of history? What did Changchub Gyaltsen want to remove? Who did the Hongwu Emperor grant the title "Initiation State Master"? What was the name of the Ming officer that informed the Hongwu Emperor that the general situation in Dbus and Gtsang was under control? Who was the second Phagmodru ruler? What was the name of the Ming officer that informed the Hongwu Emperor that the general situation in Dbus and Gtsang was under control? Who gave the title "Initiation State Master" to Sagya Gyaincain? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? What school did the Ming dynasty grant titles to? What dynasty granted titles to lamas of schools? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come to the Ming court? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come to the Ming court? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come to the Ming court? When was the first request by the Ming made? When did the Ming court send another embassy? Who awarded Chosrje Shkya Yeshes the title of "State Teacher"? Who awarded Chosrje Shkya Yeshes the title of "State Teacher"? Who reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet? What did Laird say the Ming appointed titles to? Who wrote that the Ming appointed titles to eastern Tibetan princes? Who wrote that the Ming appointed titles to eastern Tibet an princes? Who wrote that the Yongle Emperor sent his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet in 1413? Who wrote that the Yongle Emperor sent his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet in 1413? Who wrote that the Yongle Emperor sent his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet in 1413? What did the Yongle Emperor gain in 1413? Who wrote that the Yongle Emperor sent his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet in 1413? Who was not mentioned in the Mingshi or the Mingshi Lu? When did the Gelug send missions to the Ming court? Where was the Gelug not mentioned? Who granted titles to various lamas regardless of their sectarian affiliations? What regime was overthrown by the Phagmodru myriarchy? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When was Rinpungpa born? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When was Tsangpa born? When was the Jianwen Emperor usurpated? Who aided the Yongle Emperor in his usurpation of the throne? Who was the father of Yao Guangxiao? When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court? Who did the Yongle Emperor dispatch to Tibet? Who did the Yongle Emperor seek out? When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing? Where did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to? When did Deshin Shekpa travel to Nanjing? Who encouraged Deshin Shekpa to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407? Who did the Yongle Emperor come out of Nanjing to greet the Karmapa? Who wrote that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric"? Who was the Yongle Emperor following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas? How many days of his stay were marked by religious miracles? Where was Linggu Temple located? What title did Deshin Shekpa get during his stay in Nanjing? Who did Deshin Shekpa persuade the Yongle Emperor to grant the title to? What did Tibetan sources say Deshin Shekpa persuaded the Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet? Why was Deshin Skekpa invited? What did Thinley write before the Karmapa returned to Tibet? What did Thinley write before the Karmapa returned to Tibet? What did Tibetan sources say Deshin Shekpa persuaded the Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet? Who did the Yongle Emperor conflict with? Who aided the legitimacy of the Yongle Emperor's rule by providing him with portents and omens? Who wrote that Deshin Shekpa's miracles were a legitimizing tool for the emperor's problematic succession to the throne? Who did Norbu say did not realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship? What type of artifacts symbolized the religious nature of the relationship? Who wrote that the Ming dynasty did not exercise any political control over Tibet? When was the edict of the Zhengtong Emperor addressed to the Karmapa? In what year was an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor sent to the Karmapa? In what year was an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor sent to the Karmapa? Who was the Treasure Prince of Dharma? When was the edict of the Zhengtong Emperor written? What did the Ming court cut off in 1446? In what year did the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa hierarchs? When did Deshin Shekpa die? In what year did the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa hierarchs? Who ordered the construction of a road and trading posts in the upper reaches of the Yangzi and Mekong Rivers? What did the Yongle Emperor order the construction of in the upper reaches of the Yangzi and Mekong Rivers to facilitate trade with Tibet? Where did the trade route pass through Sichuan? What did Van Praag say the Ming court established diplomatic delegations with Tibet? What did the Silk workshops in the Ming offer to the Tibetan market? What did the Silk workshops in the Ming offer to the Tibetan market? What did Van Praag say the Ming court established diplomatic delegations with Tibet? What were horses collected from Tibet as? What country did the Ming dynasty trade horses with? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols who overthrew the Oirat Mongol confederation's hegemony over the steppes? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols who overthrew the Oirat Mongol confederation's hegemony over the steppes? What dynasty traded horses with Tibet? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols who overthrew the Oirat Mongol confederation's hegemony over the steppes? In what century did the Hongwu Emperor use military force to quell unrest in Tibet? Who established a Taozhou garrison in Gansu? How many Tibetan prisoners were captured by Mu Ying in 1379? How many Tibetan prisoners were captured by Mu Ying in 1379? Who was ordered to repel a Tibetan assault into Sichuan in 1390? What region did the Mongols use as a rallying base to stage raids into Ming China? What region did the Mongols use as a rallying base to stage raids into Ming China? What did the Mongols use the Ordos region as a rallying base? What did P. Christiaan Klieger argue that the Ming court's patronage of high Tibetan lamas was designed to protect? What policy did the Ming uphold after the Sakya regime had fallen? Why did the Ming uphold a "divide-and-rule" policy towards a weak and politically fragmented Tibet? What did Rossabi hope to parallel Kublai Khan's earlier relationship with the Sakya Phagpa lama? What did the Yongle Emperor give patronage to? Who were the Rinpungpa leaders relatives of? Who occupied Lhasa in 1498? What was the most important event in the Gelug? When did the Phagmodru ruler capture Lhasa? When was the Zhengde Emperor born? Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama? Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama? When did the Manchu Qing dynasty invade Tibet? What dynasty had no control over Tibet? Who is the director of the Tibetan Studies program at Indiana University? When did the Manchu Qing dynasty invade Tibet? What dynasty was Josef Kolma? What did Josef Kolma say Tibet was subject to during the Qing dynasty? Who upheld a "mutual role of religious prelate and secular patron"? Who assumed the former imperial tributaries and subject states as integral parts of the Chinese nation-state? Where is the California Academy of Sciences located? Who established a patron and priest relationship between Tibetans and Mongols? What is the name of the relationship between Tibetans and Mongols? When was Tibet incorporated into the territory of Yuan dynasty's China? What dynasty inherited the right to rule Tibet from the Yuan dynasty? In what year was China Daily a CCP-controlled news organization? What dynasty inherited the right to rule Tibet from the Yuan dynasty? What government has Tibet remained under in the 13th century? When did the Jiajing Emperor reign? When was the reign of the Jiajing Emperor? The History of Ming states that the Tibetan lamas discontinued their trips to Ming China and its court at this point? Who was determined to break the eunuch influence at court that typified the Zhengde era? Who was determined to break the eunuch influence at court that typified the Zhengde era? Who was killed in the ascension of Zhengde? Who did the Neo-Confucian establishment reject? Who did the Neo-Confucian establishment reject? What did the Neo-Confucian establishment have a predisposed animosity towards? Who was killed in the ascension of Zhengde? What region did the Tumed Mongols raid? What region did the Tumed Mongols raid? What region did the Tumed Mongols raid? When did Altan Khan make peace with the Ming dynasty? Who was the third hierarch of the Gelug to meet him in Amdo in 1578? What did Altan Khan abolish? What did Altan Khan do to the Mongols? What did Altan Khan do to the Mongols? Who did the Mongol princes request to bestow titles on them? Who did the Mongol princes begin requesting the Dalai Lama to bestow titles on them? Who did Rawski believe Altan Khan's conversion to the Gelug could be interpreted as an attempt to expand his authority? Who was the 4th Dalai Lama? When did the 5th Dalai Lama become the first to have effective political control over Tibet? When did the 5th Dalai Lama become the first to have effective political control over Tibet? Who was granted the grandiose title by Altan Khan? Who granted Sonam Gyatso the grandiose title? Who was Zhang Juzheng? Who was Zhang Juzheng? In what year did Sonam Gyatso die? Which Dalai Lama was granted the title of Dorjichang or Vajradhara? What did China Daily say the "Ming dynasty showed Dalai Lama special favor? Who was granted the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama in 1587? Which dynasty established the title of Dalai Lama and his power in Tibet? Which dynasty established the title of Dalai Lama and his power in Tibet? What title was granted to Yonten Gyatso? Who granted Yonten Gyatso the title "Master of Vajradhara"? When was Yonten Gyatso granted the title "Master of Vajradhara"? Who granted Yonten Gyatso the title "Master of Vajradhara"? Who invited Yonten Gyatso to Beijing in 1616? What was one of the reasons the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? What was one of the reasons the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? When did the Mongol leader conquest Tibet? What court did Kolma say the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? When were the Rinbung princes overthrown? Who was the second successor of the first Tsang king? When did Karma Phuntsok Namgyal reign? Who did the Ü-Tsang king allied with? Who refused to give an audience to the Ü-Tsang king? Who was the leader of the Khoshut (Qoshot) tribe of the Oirat Mongols? What role did Güshi Khan accept? Who was the leader of the Khoshut (Qoshot) tribe of the Oirat Mongols? When did Güshi Khan defeat the Gelugpas' enemies in the Amdo and Kham regions? When did the Ü-Tsang forces surrender? Who did Güshi Khan present his conquest of Tibet as a gift to? Who did Güshi Khan present his conquest of Tibet as a gift to? What did Güshi Khan give his conquest of Tibet? Who did Güshi Khan confer the governing authority to? Who did Güshi Khan present his conquest of Tibet as a gift to? Who crushed Li Zicheng in 1644? When did the Dalai Lama accept a Manchu invitation to send envoys to their capital? Who was the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso invited to Beijing in 1652? In what year did the Kangxi Emperor occupy Lhasa? In what year did the Kangxi Emperor occupy Lhasa? When did the Kangxi Emperoroccupy Lhasa? When was a protectorate and permanent Qing dynasty garrison established in Tibet? When did the Qianlong Emperor reign? Who designed and marketed the iPod? When was the first line of the iPod released? How many current versions of the iPod are there? Who designed and marketed the iPod? How many current versions of the iPod are there? When was the first line of the iPod released? Who designed and marketed the iPod? When was the first line of the iPod released? How many current versions of the iPod are there? When were the most recent iPod redesigns announced? What type of storage devices can iPods serve as? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What software can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? What software can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? What software can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? What was used for the media player included with the iPh one and iPad? What was used before the release of iOS 5? When was the iPod branding used for the media player included with the iPhone and iPad? When did iPhone sales overtake the iPod line? What is standardized across all iOS-powered products? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? When was a new model of the iPod Touch announced by Apple? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? When was a new model of the iPod Touch released? When was the iPod released? When was the iPod released? Who did Jon Rubinsteinassemble to design the iPod line? What was the name of Bang & Olufsen's BeoCom 6000 telephone? What was the name of the product that Apple announced as a Mac-compatible product with a 5 GB hard drive? When was the iPod released? What was the name of the product that Apple announced as a Mac-compatible product with a 5 GB hard drive? What was the name of the product that was developed in less than one year? Who did Jon Rubinsteinassemble to design the iPod line? What was the name of the Toshiba disk drive? What was the name of the company Apple contracted to help design and implement the user interface? What was replaced with Espy Sans? In what year did Apple change the interface to Helvetica? What was the name of the third-generation iPod Nano? Who did Pixo help design and implement the user interface? What platform did Apple use to develop the iPod software? What was the name of the third-generation iPod Nano? What was the name of the Irish rock band that Apple presented in 2006? What was the name of the Irish rock band Apple presented in 2006? What was the first time Apple changed the colour of the metal? How many minutes of interviews did the special edition entitled purchasers to? What was the name of the Irish rock band Apple presented in 2006? What was the first time Apple changed the colour of the metal? What was the name of the Irish rock band that Apple presented in 2006? What company did Apple file a lawsuit with in 2007? What did Kane Kramer call the IXI? What did Kane Kramer call the IXI? When did Kane Kramer apply for a UK patent? What was Kane Kramer's name? What company did Apple file a lawsuit with in 2007? What was Kane Kramer's name? What did Kane Kramer call the IXI? Who proposed the name iPod? Who was Vinnie Chieco? What did Chieco think of the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey and the phrase "Open the pod bay door, Hal!"? Who originally listed an "iPod" trademark with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office? When did Grasso assign the iPod trademark to Apple Computer, Inc.? What did Chieco think of the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey and the phrase "Open the pod bay door, Hal!"? Who proposed the name iPod? Who originally listed an "iPod" trademark with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office? In what year were several new color schemes for all of the current iPod models spotted in the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos of the iPhone? What color scheme was spotted in the latest version of iTunes in mid-2015? What color scheme was spotted in the latest version of iTunes in mid-2015? Who found the leaked photos of the iPhone? What did the third-generation iPod have? What is the problem with high-impedance headphones? What is masked when driving high-impedance loads? What did the third-generation iPod have a weak bass response? What is a high-pass filter that attenuates the low-frequency bass output? What did the equalizer do for R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Bass Booster? What are some EQ settings that would distort the bass sound? What is distortion on bass instruments? What would distort the bass sound on undemand songs? What are some EQ settings that would distort the bass sound? Why did Apple introduce a user-configurable volume limit? What is the maximum volume output level in the sixth-generation iPod? What is the maximum volume output level in the sixth-generation iPod? Why did Apple remove iPods from shelves in France? What is the maximum volume output level in the sixth-generation iPod? Why did Apple remove iPods from shelves in France? What was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What was included with the first four generations of the FireWire connection? What was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What type of connector did the third generation have? What is the name of the third generation iPod Shuffle? What were the first-generation iPod Nano and the fifth -generation iPod Classic? What was removed as of the second-generation iPod Touch and the fourth -generation iPod Nano? What is the name of the minijack phone connector that acts as a headphone jack and a data port for the dock? What type of connector did the third generation have? What is the name of the minijack phone connector that acts as a headphone jack and a data port for the dock? What type of connector did the third generation have? What type of connector did the third generation have? What is one of the accessories that Apple sells? Who manufacture most of the iPod Hi-Fi? What did the dock connector allow the iPod to connect to? Why is the dock connector a proprietary interface? Who manufactures the iPod Hi-Fi? What is one of the accessories that Apple sells? What is the name of the new 8-pin dock connector that Apple introduced? What is the name of the new connector that Apple introduced on September 12, 2012? How many -pin dock connectors do older iPods, iPhones, and iPads use? What did Apple introduce on September 12, 2012? What do Apple Lightning cables have on both sides of the plug? What is the name of the new 8-pin dock connector that Apple introduced? When did Apple introduce a new 8-pin dock connector? What is another name for the iPod line? What is another name for the iPod Camera Connector? What are some of the first iPod accessory manufacturers? What do some accessories add to other music players? What is another name for the iPod Camera Connector? Who makes the iPod Hi-Fi? What was the name of the first iPod automobile interface? When did Apple announce that similar systems would be available for Mercedes-Benz, Volvo, Nissan, Toyota, Alfa Romeo, Ferrari, Acura, Audi, Honda, Honda, Renault, Infiniti and Volkswagen? What type of connectivity does Scion offer? What was the name of the first iPod automobile interface? What type of connectivity does Scion offer? What type of integration solutions do some independent stereo manufacturers have? What type of transmitters are illegal in some countries? What are some alternative connection methods? What type of transmitters are illegal in some countries? What are some alternative connection methods? How many major airlines reached agreements to install iPod seat connections? What will the free service allow passengers to view on? What airlines were initially reported to be part of the deal with Apple? How many major airlines reached agreements to install iPod seat connections? When did four major airlines reach agreements to install iPod seat connections? What are some of the audio file formats that the iPod line can play? What is the name of the iPod photo that introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG image file formats? What is the name of the converter for WMA files that is provided with the Windows version of iTunes? What is the name of the converter for WMA files that is provided with the Windows version of iTunes? What OS did iPod software work with? What are some of the audio file formats that the iPod line can play? What is the name of the iPod photo that introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG image file formats? How many host computers is an iPod associated with during installation? What can a song ratings be set on an iPod and synchronized later to? What is an iPod associated with during installation? How many buttons does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have? How many buttons does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have? What does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have? What does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle use? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch identical to? How many buttons does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have? What is another name for the 6th & 7th generation iPod Nano? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch identical to? When was the iTunes Store introduced? What is the name of the online media store that is run by Apple? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the iTunes Store? When did full-length movies become available? When was the iTunes Store introduced? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the iTunes Store? When did full-length movies become available? What format did Apple use at the time of the store's introduction? How many computers could play the files? What category did EMI sell DRM-free songs on the iTunes Stores? When did Apple announce that DRM was removed from 80% of the music catalog? When was DRM removed from all music? What format did Apple use at the time of the store's introduction? What format did Apple use at the time of the store's introduction? What category did EMI sell DRM-free songs on the iTunes Stores? When did Apple announce that DRM was removed from 80% of the music catalog? What are examples of a store that can't play music from rival-DRM technologies? What is the name of Microsoft's protected WMA or RealNetworks' Helix DRM? What is the name of Microsoft's protected WMA or RealNetworks' Helix DRM? What did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? When did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What was the name of the Media Event that Apple debuted the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? When did Apple debut the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? When did Apple debut the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? What is the name of the device that can be synced to the user's iTunes Library? On what version of the iPod are video games played? What was the original iPod's game Brick? Who invented Brick? How many more games were added to the original iPod? What was the original iPod's game Brick? What was the original iPod's game Brick? How many more games were added to the original iPod? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What was the name of the iTunes store that launched in 2006? What are the 5th and 4th generation iPod Nano games? What are the 5th and 4th generation iPod Nano games? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What is the name of the third party that makes games for the iPod? What market has Apple's MP3 player taken steps towards? What video game magazines have reviewed and rated most of their games as of late? What are the games in the form of? What are the games in the form of? What software development kit has Apple not released for iPod-specific development? What is the name of the app that can't run clickwheel-based games? What are the games in the form of? What are apps produced with the SDK compatible with? What software development kit has Apple not released for iPod-specific development? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? Who can transfer purchased media of the iTunes Store from an iPod to a computer? Who can transfer purchased media of the iTunes Store from an iPod to a computer? What is stored on an iPod in a hidden folder? What can be accessed on the host operating system by enabling hidden files to be shown? What can be recovered by copying the files or folders off an iPod? In what year did Apple face two lawsuits claiming patent infringement by the iPod line? What was the name of the IP portfolio company that filed a suit claiming that Apple's FairPlay technology breached a patent issued to inventor Ho Keung Tse? What is the name of the online music stores that were defendants in the 2005 lawsuit? Who did Pat-rights file a suit claiming that Apple's FairPlay technology breached a patent issued to? What was the name of the IP portfolio company that filed a suit claiming that Apple's FairPlay technology breached a patent issued to inventor Ho Keung Tse? Who was the inventor of the FairPlay technology? What was the name of Apple's application to the United States Patent and Trademark Office? When did Apple's application for a patent on "rotational user inputs" receive a third "non-final rejection"? Who was one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market? What did Creative Technology call the music selection interface used by the iPod line? Who asked the United States International Trade Commission to investigate whether Apple was breaching U.S. trade laws by importing iPods into the United States? What was the name of Apple's application to the United States Patent and Trademark Office? Who was one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market? When did Apple and Creative announce a broad settlement to end their legal disputes? How much will Apple pay for a paid-up license? What program did Creative join to produce iPod accessories? How much will Apple pay for a paid-up license? What program did Creative join to produce iPod accessories? How much of the market for hard drive-based players has the iPod line dominated since October 2004? When did the iPod line dominate digital music player sales in the US? What was the iPod market share in January 2007? What company reported that the iPod market share reached 72.7% in January 2007? How much of the market for hard drive-based players has the iPod line dominated since October 2004? How much of the market for hard drive-based players has the iPod line dominated since October 2004? What was the iPod market share in July 2005? When did HP announce that they would sell HP-branded iPods? When did HP announce they would sell HP-branded iPods? What was the name of the new retail channel used to sell HP-branded iPods? What percentage of all iPod sales were HP-branded iPods? When did HP stop selling iPods? What is the name of Hewlett-Packard? How many iPods did Apple sell on April 9, 2007? What was Apple's second quarter revenue in 2007? What are some Apple products that users are likely to purchase? What was Apple's second quarter revenue in 2007? On what date was Apple announced to have sold its one-hundred millionth iPod? What was Apple's second quarter revenue in 2007? What was Apple's quarterly revenue on October 22, 2007? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from desktop sales? How much did Apple's 2007 year revenue increase to? How much cash did Apple have in 2007? How much did Apple's 2007 year revenue increase to? When did Apple report the best quarter revenue and earnings in its history? What was Apple's net quarterly profit? What percentage of Apple's revenue for the first fiscal quarter of 2008 came from iPod sales? What percentage of Apple's revenue for the first fiscal quarter of 2008 came from iPod sales? What was the name of the Apple CFO who said that we expect our traditional MP3 players to decline over time as we cannibalize ourselves with the iPod Touch and the iPhone? Who announced the total cumulative sales of iPods exceeded 220 million? How much of the revenue for the fiscal quarter 4 of 2008 came from iPods? How many iPods did Phil Schiller announce at the Apple Event? When was a new model not introduced onto the market? What is the fourth best computer product of 2006? What type of reviews do iPods often receive? What mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? What is the name of a mobile phone that plays AAC files? What company says that iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? What company says that iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What type of device has the iPod been accepted as a business device? What do governments, major institutions and international organisations turn to the iPod line as? Where are the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? Where are the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? What university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? Who put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list? What university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? Who put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list? What does the iPod's popularization of digital music storage allow users to abandon listening to? What has the iPod been credited with? What does the iPod's popularization of digital music storage allow users to abandon listening to? What does the iPod's popularization of digital music storage allow users to abandon listening to? How many hours of music playback does the fifth generation 30 GB iPod have? How many hours does a writer for MP3.com get from an iPod? When were class action lawsuits brought against Apple? What is the advertised battery life on most models different from the real-world achievable life? How many hours does a writer for MP3.com get from an iPod? What type of batteries are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user? What was the official policy that the customer should buy? Why did lithium-ion batteries lose capacity during their lifetime? What type of batteries are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user? Why did lithium-ion batteries lose capacity during their lifetime? When did Apple announce a battery replacement program? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? Why are soldering tools needed for the iPod Nano? What type of iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive? When did Apple announce a battery replacement program? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What is the name of the iPod that has a soldering tool? Why were affected iPod Nanos sold between September 2005 and December 2006? Under what program were affected nanos replaced with current generation Nanos free of charge? What have iPods been criticized for? What was the average failure rate of the iPod line in 2005? What was the average failure rate of the iPod line in 2005? When did many users complain that the surface of the first generation iPod Nano can become scratched easily? What did Apple begin shipping iPods with? What was the failure rate for iPods employing hard drives? What did many users complain about the surface of the first generation iPod Nano? How much did the British tabloid The Mail say iPods are manufactured by? What did some of the plant's labour practices meet? What percentage of the time did employees work over 60 hours a week? How much did the British tabloid The Mail say iPods are manufactured by? What percentage of the time did employees work over 60 hours a week? What was the name of the workplace standards auditing company Apple hired? What company did Apple hire to oversee the measures? What company was Apple's manufacturer? What was the name of the union affiliated with the All-China Federation of Trade Unions? What company was Apple's manufacturer? What was the name of the workplace standards auditing company Apple hired? When did workers at the Foxconn factory form a union affiliated with the All-China Federation of Trade Unions? When did a number of workers commit suicide at a Foxconn operation in China? When did another employee die? When did a number of workers commit suicide at a Foxconn operation in China? What can the U.S. create more jobs overseas than domestically? What do all iPods except for the iPod Touch function in? What format is used if an iPod is formatted on Windows? What is the name of the action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the GameCube and Wii home video game consoles? What is the name of the action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the GameCube and Wii home video game consoles? When was the Wii version released in North America? When was the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess released worldwide? What is the name of the action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the GameCube and Wii home video game consoles? When was the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess originally planned for release on the GameCube? When was the Wii version released in North America? Who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm? What is the title of the Twilight Realm? What mysterious creature assisted Link in the Twilight Realm? Who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm? What mysterious creature assisted Link in the Twilight Realm? What is the alternate timeline for the Twilight Realm? What was the most critically acclaimed game of 2006? In what year was the Wii version rereleased? When is the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD released? Who was the greatest entry in the Zelda series? What was the most critically acclaimed game of 2006? In what year was Twilight Princess the most critically acclaimed game? When is the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD released? What is the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess focused on? What is the basic control scheme in the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What is the name of the system that allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy or important object while moving and attacking? What type of weapons can be fired at a target without manual aiming? What type of weapons can be fired at a target without manual aiming? What is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What is the basic control scheme in the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What type of weapons can be fired at a target without manual aiming? What is the name of the system that allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy or important object while moving and attacking? What allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What does the context-sensitive button cause Link to throw if he is moving or targeting an object or enemy? What allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What does the Wii version of the game use? What is the name of the series' trademark when discovering secrets? What does the Wii version of the game use? What gestures are used to trigger other attacks? How many of Link's secondary weapons can be equipped at a time? What does the Wii Remote use? What does the Wii version of the game use? How many dungeons are there? How many dungeons does Link battle? How are the dungeons connected? What horse does Link travel on? How many dungeons does Link battle enemies? How does Link navigate the dungeons? How are the dungeons connected? What does " Wolf Link" gain in return? What does Link do when he enters the Twilight Realm? What is the name of the enemy ghosts that Link can hunt for? What is the name of a small imp-like creature that allows Link to "warp" to any of several preset locations throughout the overworld? What does "Wolf Link" gain in return? What does " Wolf Link" gain in return? What is Midna? What is Midna? What is more advanced than the AI of enemies in The Wind Waker? The artificial intelligence of enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced than what? What can arrows or slingshot pellets pass by? What is more advanced than the AI of enemies in The Wind Waker? What can arrows or slingshot pellets pass by? What are some of Link's emotions and responses largely indicated by? Which Japanese voice actress sampled the phonemes of English phrases? Who sampled the phonemes of English phrases? Which Japanese voice actress sampled the phonemes of English phrases? What does Link do when attacking or injured? What are some of Link's emotions and responses largely indicated by? Which Japanese voice actress sampled the phonemes of English phrases? Who sampled the phonemes of English phrases? How long after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask does Twilight Princess take place? What do Bulblins carry off the village's children with Link in pursuit before he encounters a wall of Twilight? What is the name of the imp-like Twilight that frees Link? What does Link collect when all the Tears of Light are collected for one area? Where is Link working as a ranch hand? Who attack the village of Ordon Village? What does Link collect when all the Tears of Light are collected for one area? What is a relic of a relic containing powerful dark magic? Who ambushed Midna's Shadows? What does Link need to return to human form? Who does Link bring a dying Midna to? Where are the monkeys of Faron, the Gorons of Eldin, and the Zoras of? What is a relic of a relic containing powerful dark magic? Who ambushed Midna's Shadows? What does Link need to return to human form? Who does Link bring a dying Midna to? What did Link get after gaining the Master Sword? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? Where did Link and Midna find Ganondorf? How does Ganondorf fight Link? What did Link get after gaining the Master Sword? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? What does Ganondorf transform into? What did Ganondorf crush as Hyrule Castle collapses? Where is Link shown leaving as Hyrule Castle is rebuilt? What does Midna do to Link and Zelda? What did Link do to the Master Sword? Who assisted Ganondorf on horseback? What does Midna do to Link and Zelda? What did Ganondorf crush as Hyrule Castle collapses? What did Midna destroy to maintain balance between Hyrule and the Twilight Realm? In what year did Nintendo announce that The Legend of Zelda was in the works for the GameCube? At what event did Eiji Aonuma reveal that The Wind Waker 2 was in development? What did Nintendo of America tell Aonuma that the sales of The Wind Waker were sluggish? What did Eiji Aonuma advise Aonuma to do in Ocarina of Time? In what year did Nintendo announce that The Legend of Zelda was in the works for the GameCube? Who was the director of The Wind Waker 2? What did Eiji Aonuma advise Aonuma to do in Ocarina of Time? How long did Aonuma's team present horseback riding? In what year was The Wind Waker released? What was the name of the sequel to The Wind Waker? What was the name of the sequel to The Wind Waker? In what year was The Wind Waker released? Who created the script for the story scenes in the Dark World of A Link to the Past? Who directed The Minish Cap for the Game Boy Advance? What was the name of the Wii's code? Who thought the Wii Remote was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? Who created the script for the story scenes in the Dark World of A Link to the Past? What was the name of the Revolution's pointing device? What was the name of the interface that Aonuma developed for the bow and arrow? How many versions would Aonuma develop? Who felt that having both versions would satisfy users in the end? How many versions would Aonuma develop? When did Nintendo release a small number of Nintendo DS game cards containing a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? When did Nintendo release a small number of Nintendo DS game cards containing a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? When did Nintendo release a small number of Nintendo DS game cards containing a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? When did Nintendo release a small number of Nintendo DS game cards containing a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What did the prototype use to control the sword from a first-person viewpoint? Who thought it was strange to swing the Wii Remote with the right hand to control the sword in Link's left hand? What did Nintendo's support for the Wii controller not make it into the GameCube release? When did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch? How long after the Wii was the GameCube release pushed back to? Who thought it was strange to swing the Wii Remote with the right hand to control the sword in Link's left hand? When did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch? What did demo users complain about? What did the new item system require? What did E3 attendees say they would like to see to solve the problem? What was the problem of using a right -handed swing to control a left-handed sword attack? What did Miyamoto focus on? Who composed Twilight Princess's score? Who was the sound supervisor of Twilight Princess? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who was the sound supervisor of Twilight Princess? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who conducted the orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? What was Kondo's preference for live instruments? How many people did Kondo envision for action sequences? When did Kondo release the six- and seven-track version of the game's soundtrack? How manytrack versions of the game's soundtrack were released on November 19, 2006? What was Kondo's preference for live instruments? When did Kondo release the six- and seven-track version of the game's soundtrack? How manytrack versions of the game's soundtrack were released on November 19, 2006? What exploit was developed after the discovery of a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What did a properly designed save file cause the game to load unsigned code? What version of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console until circumvention methods were discovered? What exploit was developed after the discovery of a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What version of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console until circumvention methods were discovered? What version of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console until circumvention methods were discovered? What is the name of the high-definition remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What is the name of the remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? When was the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD announced? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in Australia? What is the name of the high-definition remaster of the Wii U? What is the name of the high-definition remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What is the name of the high-definition remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in North America and Europe? What is the Wolf Link Amiibo figurine that unlocks a Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the "Cave of Shadows"? What does Ganondorf cause Link to take twice as much damage? What does Ganondorf cause Link to take twice as much damage? What does Ganondorf cause Link to take twice as much damage? What is the name of the Wii U-exclusive dungeon? What is the name of the Wii U-exclusive dungeon that can carry data over to the 2016 Zelda game? What is the name of the Wii U-exclusive dungeon? What does Ganondorf cause Link to take twice as much damage? What does Ganondorf cause Link to take twice as much damage? How many musical selections did a CD contain? How many musical selections did a CD contain? Where is the CD included? How many musical selections did a CD contain? What was the name of the publication that released Twilight Princess? What are the review aggregators of Twilight Princess? Who called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? What was Twilight Princess released to universal critical acclaim and commercial success? What was the name of the publication that released Twilight Princess? What is the average score for the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? What did IGN and GameSpy point out? Who said the Wii controls were "the most impressive in the entire series"? Who said the Wii controls were "the most impressive in the entire series"? Who praised Twilight Princess for its "very long quests", " superb Wii controls and being able to save anytime"? Who praised Twilight Princess for "very long quests, superb Wii controls and being able to save anytime"? What did IGN and GameSpy point out? Who criticized Twilight Princess's MIDI-formatted songs for lacking the punch and crispness of their orchestrated counterparts? Who praised Twilight Princess for its "very long quests", " superb Wii controls and being able to save anytime"? What was the name of the game that Twilight Princess received? Where did Twilight Princess rank in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? What was the name of the best Wii game released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s decade? Who ranked Twilight Princess as the third best game to be released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s decade? Who gave Twilight Princess the awards for Best Graphics and Best Story? What was Twilight Princess considered the Best Console Game by the Game Critics Awards and GameSpy? Where did Twilight Princess rank in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? What was the name of the best Wii game released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s decade? What is the best-selling entry in the Zelda series? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? What region covers most of Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? Who illustrated Twilight Princess? What manga series is based on Twilight Princess? Who is the publisher of the Japanese-exclusive manga series based on Twilight Princess? What is the name of Shogakukan's mobile application? Who produced Spectre (2015)? Who is the director of Spectre (2015)? What is the name of the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions? What was Sam Mendes' second James Bond film? What is Spectre's budget? How many James Bond films are produced by Eon Productions? What is the name of the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions? How many th James Bond film was produced by Eon Productions? Who distributes Spectre (2015)? Who directed Spectre (2015)? What is the name of the criminal organisation Bond pitted against? What was the first Eon Productions film since 1971? What is the name of the recurring James Bond characters? What is the name of the recurring James Bond characters? Who is Monica Bellucci? What is the name of the recurring James Bond characters? What is the name of the recurring James Bond characters? What is the name of the recurring James Bond characters? In what year did Eon Productions make Bond's first appearance in an Eon Productions film? When was Spectre released? Where was Spectre's world premiere? When was Spectre released in the United States? What did Spectre receive praise for? What award did Spectre win for Best Original Song? What was the name of the second James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues? What was Spectre's theme song called? Who kills three men plotting a terrorist bombing during the Day of the Dead? How many men did James Bond kill during the Day of the Dead? How many men did James Bond kill during the Day of the Dead? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative between nine member states? Who promoted James Bond to M? Who kills three men plotting a terrorist bombing during the Day of the Dead? What two countries are part of the Joint Intelligence Service? What does Bond steal in the ensuing struggle? Where does Bond travel to to attend Sciarra's funeral? What is the name of the criminal organisation to which Lucia's husband belonged? Who is the leader of Spectre? Who is Mr. Hinx? Who informs Bond that the information he collected leads to Mr. White? Where does Bond travel to to attend Sciarra's funeral? Who is the leader of Spectre? Who is a Spectre assassin? Who is the leader of Spectre? What is White dying of? Who is White's daughter? How does White commit suicide? Where does Bond locate Swann? Where is L'Américain located? Where does Bond travel to find White? Who is White's daughter? What is the name of the hotel in Tangier? What is the name of the ring that links Oberhauser to Bond's previous missions? Who is eventually thrown off the train by Bond? What was Oberhauser's father's temporary guardian? What name did Oberhauser adopt to form Spectre? What name did Oberhauser adopt to form Spectre? Where is Bond taken to? What disfigured man tells Bond that he has three minutes to escape the building before explosives are detonated or die trying to save Swann? Where does Blofeld's helicopter crash? Who does Bond and Swann return to London to stop Nine Eyes from going online? Who does Bond and Swann return to London? Who does Bond and Swann return to London to stop Nine Eyes from going online? What is the acronym for SPecial Executive for Counter-intelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion? In what year did Fleming and McClory fight over the film rights to Thunderball? When did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the non-Eon film that Fleming was a producer for? What was the second remake of Thunderball called? When did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the non-Eon film that Fleming was a producer for? What was the original name of the Spectre organisation? What was the name of the company that settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC? What acronym was discarded and the organisation reimagined as Spectre? What was the name of the company that settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC? What was the name of the company that settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC? What was the name of the company that settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC? What was the name of the company that settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC? What company did MGM and McClory settle the issue with in November 2013? What was the name of the company that targeted Sony Pictures Entertainment in November 2014? What was the name of the company that targeted Sony Pictures Entertainment in November 2014? Who wrote the script for Spectre? What company later issued a statement confirming the leak of what they called an early version of the screenplay? When was Sony Pictures Entertainment targeted? Who wrote the script for Spectre? What company later issued a statement confirming the leak of what they called an early version of the screenplay? Who played Franz Oberhauser? When was Oberhauser a temporary guardian of a young Bond? What did Neal Purvis and Robert Wade say Spectre would provide a minor retcon to the continuity of previous films? What did Neal Purvis and Robert Wade say Spectre would provide a minor retcon to the continuity of previous films? What short story is Hannes Oberhauser a background character in? Who is shown to have been Charmian Bond's guardian? What short story is Hannes Oberhauser a background character in? What is the name of the character in the film "Octopussy"? What did Neal Purvis and Robert Wade say Spectre would provide a minor retcon to the continuity of previous films? Who played Franz Oberhauser? What is an MI6 safehouse called? Who wrote Colonel Sun? What is an MI6 safehouse called? What is an MI6 safehouse called? What is the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel? What is an MI6 safehouse called? When was the main cast revealed at Pinewood Studios? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised the role of M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised the role of M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner? Who reprised the roles of M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner? Who reprised the role of M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who was cast in the role of Christoph Waltz? What was the name of Waltz's role in Quantum of Solace? Who was cast as Sévérine in Skyfall? What Danish website did Jesper Christensen reveal he would be reprising his role as Mr. White? At what age did Monica Bellucci become the oldest actress to be cast as a Bond girl? Who was cast as Sévérine in Skyfall? Who did Jesper Christensen reveal he would be reprising his role as Mr. White from Casino Royale and Quantum of Solace? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence in Mexico in February 2015? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence in Mexico in February 2015? Where was the pre-title sequence set? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence set in Mexico? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? What was Stephanie Sigman's role? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? Who took over from Roger Deakins? Who did Hoyte van Hoytema take over from? Who was the first director to oversee two consecutive Bond films? Who was the first director to oversee two consecutive Bond films? Who was the first director to oversee two consecutive Bond films? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? Who did John Logan collaborate with for their six th Bond film? What are some of the filming locations that Mendes confirmed? Who shot the film on Kodak 35 mm film stock? Where did Mendes reveal that production would begin on December 8, 2014? When did production begin at Pinewood Studios? What film did Van Hoytema shoot the film on? Where did Mendes reveal that production would begin on December 8, 2014? When did filming begin in Austria? When did the filming of Obertilliach and Lake Altaussee end? Where were scenes filmed in Austria? How many crew members were injured in the accident? Where were scenes filmed in Austria? What is the name of the private medical clinic in the Austrian Alps? Where did filming begin in Austria in December 2014? Where did filming move on to for a five-week shoot across the city? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? What was the name of the car chase scene that featured an Aston Martin DB10 and a Jaguar C-X75? How many independent electric engines did the C-X75 have? Where was Blenheim Palace located? Where was Blenheim Palace located? What was the name of the car chase scene that featured an Aston Martin DB10 and a Jaguar C-X75? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? Where was the Day of the Dead filmed? How many giant skeletons were required to film the Day of the Dead? Where did the film's second unit move to to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? What did Chuck Aaron call for to be made to several buildings to prevent damage? Where was the Day of the Dead filmed? Where was Craig flown to after filming in Mexico? On what date did Craig return to filming at Pinewood Studios? Where was Craig flown to after filming in Mexico? Where were scenes involving Craig, Seydoux, and Waltz shot? Who was on set to simulate rain and monitor smoke used for filming? On what date did filming take place on the Thames in London? Where were scenes shot on the river near MI6's headquarters? Where were scenes involving Craig, Seydoux, and Waltz shot? Who was on set to simulate rain and monitor smoke used for filming? Where were scenes involving Fiennes shot? When were scenes involving Craig and Seydoux shot on a speedboat and a low flying helicopter near Westminster Bridge? Where did the filming in Morocco take place? What is the Guinness World Record for? Who credited the Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion" in cinematic history? How long did the wrap-up party for Spectre take? Where did the filming in Morocco take place? What is the Guinness World Record for? How long did the wrap-up party for Spectre take? Who credited the Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion" in cinematic history? How much money did the Mexican authorities pay for the film? Who was the producer of Skyfall? What film was attempting to obtain permits to shoot the pre-title sequence in India before moving to Istanbul? Where did Production of Skyfall move to? Who returned as Spectre's composer? When was the soundtrack album released? When was the soundtrack album released? Who returned as Spectre's composer? When was the soundtrack album released? What was the name of John Barry's theme? In what year was the theatrical trailer released? What was Sam Smith's title theme? How long did Sam Smith and Napes write a demo? How long did Sam Smith and Napes write the film's title theme? Who wrote "Writing's on the Wall"? When was Adele's "Skyfall" released? What was the name of Adele's song? Who trended on Twitter on the day it was released? What English band composed a song for the film? Who wrote "Skyfall"? Who trended on Twitter on the day it was released? What English band composed a song for the film? What was the name of the car that Aston Martin and Eon unveiled during the 2014 press conference? What was the name of the official car for the film? What logo did Williams F1 carry on their cars at the Mexican Grand Prix? How were the remaining two used for the DB10? What was the name of the official car for the film? What logo did Williams F1 carry on their cars at the Mexican Grand Prix? What did Skyfall release on Eon's official social media accounts? What film produced still images of clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's official social media accounts? What did Skyfall release on Eon's official social media accounts? What film produced still images of clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's official social media accounts? Who wrote the sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Who wrote the sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? When was the first teaser trailer for Spectre released? When did Sir Roger Moore appear in a sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Who wrote the sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Who wrote the sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Where was Spectre's world premiere? Where was Spectre's world premiere? What company did IMAX announce that Spectre would be screened in its cinemas? What company released Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation? What company released Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation? How much of Spectre's profits have been generated from the UK market? How much of Spectre's profits have been generated from the UK market? How much of Spectre's profits have been generated from the UK market? How much did the film grossed in its first seven days? Who set the UK record for highest opening in 2004? What was the highest-grossing IMAX release in the U.K.? How much did the film grossed on its opening day? Who set the UK record for highest opening in 2004? What was the highest-grossing IMAX release in the U.K.? How much did The Dark Knight hold in 2004? How much did Spectre open in France? How much above the opening of Skyfall was Spectre opened in India? How many tickets did Spider-Man 3 sell in 2007? What was the new record for the biggest Saturday of all time? How many tickets did Spider-Man 3 sell in 2007? How many weeks has Spectre topped the Swiss box office? How much of Spectre's opening weekend was made by IMAX? How much did Spectre earn in its opening weekend? How much did Spectre gross from its early Thursday night showings? How much less was Spectre's opening weekend projections? How much of Spectre's opening weekend was made by IMAX? How much did Spectre gross from its early Thursday night showings? What is the second biggest 2D single day gross for a Hollywood film? How much did IMAX earn on its opening day? What is the second worst second weekend drop for any major Hollywood release in China of 2015? How much did IMAX earn after four weekends? What is the second biggest 2D single day gross for a Hollywood film? How much did IMAX earn after four weekends? What is Metacritic's rating on Metacritic? How many critics were on Metacritic? How many reviews did Rotten Tomatoes sample? What was the average rating of Metacritic's film on an A+ to F scale? How many reviews did Rotten Tomatoes sample? What is Metacritic's rating on Metacritic? Who described Spectre as a feat of pure cinematic necromancy? Who considered Spectre "solid if unspectacular"? How many stars did Mark Kermode give Spectre? Who wrote in The Guardian? Who criticised Spectre as "the worst 007 movie in 30 years"? Who gave Spectre a perfect 100 score? How many stars did Rolling Stone give the film? How many stars did Rolling Stone give the film? Who wrote in The Atlantic? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance? What newspaper did Alyssa Rosenberg write for? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance? Who censored kissing scenes featuring Monica Bellucci, Daniel Craig, and Léa Seydoux? What did the CBFC censor? Who has signed on for two more films in Spectre? When will a sequel to Spectre begin development? In what year will a sequel to Spectre begin development? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What is the name of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the Great Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How far away was the Wenchuan earthquake from Beijing and Shanghai? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? What was the magnitude of the Wenchuan earthquake? What is the name of the Wenchuan earthquake? Where was the Wenchuan earthquake epicenter located? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? How many people lived in the affected area? How much money did the central government spend to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the quake located? How long did the quake last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the quake? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? How long did the quake last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the quake? What was the name of the thrust structure along the border of the Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate? Where did the Longmenshan fault occur? How long did the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture last? What was the focus of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture? What was the name of the thrust structure along the border of the Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate? What is the mid-fracture known as? How long did the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture last? What was the maximum displacement of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault? When did Geng Qingguo say a confidential written report was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? When was Geng's drought-earthquake correlation theory first released? Who did Yazhou Zhoukan claim was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? Who did Yazhou Zhoukan claim was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? When did Geng Qingguo warn about the occurrence of a significant earthquake in Ngawa Prefecture region of Sichuan? Who took an interest in Geng's work? What did the Seismological Bureau deny? How long is the fault of the USGS? Who warned that there is "high risk" of a major M>7 aftershock over the next weeks or months? How long is the fault of the USGS? How long is the fault of the USGS? How long was the fault? How many meters did the earthquake generate deformations of the surface? Who warned that there is a high risk of a major M>7 aftershock over the next weeks or months? How many people were killed in the Great Hanshin earthquake? What did Yuji Yagi say the quake occurred in? Who was the seismologist at the University of Tsukuba? How did Yuji Yagi say the quake's shallowness and density of population increase the severity of the earthquake? How many people died in the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995? Who was a seismologist at the University of Tokyo? How many aftershocks were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake? How many major aftershocks were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? How many aftershocks were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake? How many aftershocks were recorded by 12:00 CST? What was the strongest aftershock? How many aftershocks were recorded by 12:00 CST? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? In what year was the Panzhihua earthquake? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? In what year was the Panzhihua earthquake? How many km2 of the affected area did CEA survey the China Seismic Intensity Scale? How many km2 of the affected area did CEA survey the China Seismic Intensity Scale? What was the CSIS described as on the European Macroseismic Scale? What was the liedu of XI called? How many south-west-north-east stripes of liedu XI are centered around Yingxiu? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault System? What was the average slip on Beichuan Fault in the area about 30 kilometres northeast of the epicenter? What was the average slip on Beichuan Fault in the area about 30 kilometres northeast of the epicenter? What was the average slip on Beichuan Fault in the area about 30 kilometres northeast of the epicenter? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault System? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault System? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault System? Where was the Jin Mao Tower located? What did a receptionist at the Tibet Hotel say was after the hotel evacuated its guests? How long were workers at a Ford plant evacuated? What type of control tower and radar control were evacuated at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? When did Chengdu Shuangliu Airport reopen? What was the name of the office buildings in Shanghai's financial district? What type of control tower and radar control were evacuated at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? Why did Cathay Pacific delay both legs of its quadruple daily Hong Kong to London route? What was Chengdu Shuangliu Airport used as? Who said they saw cracks on the walls of residential buildings in Chengdu? What was evacuated from Beijing's office towers? Where was a cargo train carrying 13 petrol tanks derailed? How many petrol tanks did a train carrying? Who said they saw cracks on the walls of residential buildings in Chengdu? What was evacuated from Beijing's office towers? How many of the Olympic venues were damaged? Where was a cargo train carrying 13 petrol tanks derailed? What caused the train to fire? How did the rescue troops arrive in Wenchuan? What percentage of the buildings in Beichuan County collapsed according to Xinhua News? In what city did a whole school collapse? How many students were buried in Dujiangyan? How did the rescue troops arrive in Wenchuan? How did the rescue troops arrive in Wenchuan? What percentage of the buildings in Beichuan County collapsed according to Xinhua News? How many people were reported buried in Shifang? How many students were buried in Dujiangyan? Where did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading of companies? Copper rose over speculation that production in southwestern China may be affected? Copper rose over speculation that production in southwestern China may be affected? Who suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China? Where did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading of companies? Copper rose over speculation that production in southwestern China may be affected? Who suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China? What was cut to the affected and surrounding area after the earthquake? What was cut to the affected and surrounding area after the earthquake? What government restored telecommunications in the Sichuan province? What was cut to the affected and surrounding area after the earthquake? What was cut to the affected and surrounding area after the earthquake? What government restored telecommunications in the Sichuan province? How many news and media websites were made accessible in the Sichuan region? How many news and media websites were made accessible in the Sichuan region? How many base stations were suspended in China Mobile? How many towers were suspended in Wenchuan? How many base stations were suspended in China Mobile? Why did China Mobile have more than 2,300 base stations suspended? How many wireless communications were lost in Sichuan? What company cut off service in Wenchuan? How many towers were suspended in Wenchuan? What reserve was home to about 280 giant pandas? How many giant pandas were in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? How many British tourists were visiting the Wolong Panda Reserve? How many giant pandas were in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? What reserve was home to about 280 giant pandas? How many pandas escaped after their enclosures were damaged? How old was Mao Mao? Who was the mother of five at the breeding center? Where is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located? Where is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located? How many troops have been allocated to Zipingpu? How many dams were reported damaged by the quake? Where is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located? Where is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located? What did a recent inspection indicate that the damage was less severe than initially feared? What reservoir is in danger of collapse? How many dams were reported damaged by the quake? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? What did the earthquake relief workers try to repair? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many schools were toppled in Dujiangyan? What is poor in inland areas such as Sichuan? Who was the Vice Minister of Health? What did Gao Qiang say the public health care system in China is insufficient? What caused the earthquake to hit an area that has been neglected and untouched by China's economic rise? What is poor in inland areas such as Sichuan? What did Gao Qiang say the health care system in China is insufficient? Who suggested that the government would pick up the costs of care to earthquake victims? How many school children died due to shoddy construction? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many school buildings collapsed in Mianyang City? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? Why did thousands of school children die? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many school buildings collapsed in Mianyang City? How many students and staff died at Juyuan Elementary School? What was Ai Weiwei's name? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? How many students were killed in the earthquake? How many students were killed in the earthquake? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? Who was the artist and architect of the earthquake? How many students were killed in the earthquake? How many students were killed in the earthquake? What did the Chinese government declare that parents who had lost their only children would get? How many people were left without housing after the earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the earthquake? How many animals were destroyed in the earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the earthquake? How many animals were destroyed in the earthquake? How many pigs died out of the Sichuan earthquake? Who was a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Georgia Tech? What was Reginald DesRoches a professor of? What was Reginald DesRoches a professor of? When did China create an adequate seismic design code? What team was dispatched to the region to make a detailed preliminary survey of damaged buildings? What did an international reconnaissance team of engineers do in the days following the earthquake? What are the reasons many constructions failed to withstand the earthquake? What team was dispatched to the region to make a detailed preliminary survey of damaged buildings? What did an international reconnaissance team of engineers do in the days following the earthquake? What are the reasons many constructions failed to withstand the earthquake? What type of villages were hardest hit? Who was the assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology? Who is the assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology? Why were many of the buildings just built? What did Swaminathan Krishnan add to the building codes in China? What were many of the buildings that were not built with regulations overseeing them? What is the estimated economic loss of the quake in Sichuan? What is the estimated costliest natural disaster in Chinese history? What is the estimated economic loss of the quake in Sichuan? What is the quake one of the costliest natural disasters in Chinese history? What is the estimated costliest natural disaster in Chinese history? How many people were injured on May 27? How many people were injured in the quake? How many people were injured in the quake? How many people were injured on May 27? How many people were injured on May 27? Where did another aftershock of 6.1 Ms hit? How many people were killed or missing in the earthquake? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many schools were reconstructed? How many people were killed or missing in the earthquake? How many people were killed or missing in the earthquake? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many households were still without permanent shelter? Who was the leader of the Chengdu Military Region Command? Who is Premier Wen Jiabao? What did Premier Wen Jiabao oversee? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command dispatch to help with disaster relief work? How long after the earthquake did Premier Wen Jiabao flew to the earthquake area? How many emergency medical teams did the Ministry of Health send to Wenchuan County? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command dispatch to help with disaster relief work? Why did the Chengdu Military Region Command find it difficult to get help to the rural regions of the province? What did the National Disaster Relief Commission initiate? What is the Level II emergency contingency plan? When did the Level II emergency contingency plan rise to Level I? Who initiated a Level II emergency contingency plan? Who initiated the Level II emergency contingency plan? Who initiated a Level II emergency contingency plan? Who initiated the Level II emergency contingency plan? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? How many people were from the earthquake relief team? How many people traveled to Wenchuan County? What was the name of the alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the name of the Chinese construction engineer? What was the name of the alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the name of the Chinese construction engineer? When did many parents go to the rubble of schools to mourn for their children? Where were the surviving children mostly living? What type of ceremonies did the surviving children perform on Children's Day? When did many parents go to the rubble of schools to mourn for their children? When did many parents go to the rubble of schools to mourn for their children? Where were the surviving children mostly living? How much did Central State-owned enterprises donate to the disaster area? How many yuan did Sinopec donate each to the disaster area? How much did Central State-owned enterprises donate to the disaster area? How many yuan did Sinopec donate each to the disaster area? How much money did China receive for rescue efforts? How much money did China receive for rescue efforts? How much money did China receive for rescue efforts? What country was the largest aid donor to China? What country was the largest aid donor to China? How much money did China receive for rescue efforts? What country was the largest aid donor to China? How much money did China receive for rescue efforts? What was the name of the counterpart support plan in 2008? How long did the counterpart support plan last? What was the name of the counterpart support plan in 2008? How many counties did the counterpart support plan help? How long did the counterpart support plan last? How much of the budget did the counterpart support plan cost? What was the cause of the quake? What was the name of the article that suggested the construction and filling of the Zipingpu Dam may have triggered the earthquake? What was the effect of the Zipingpu Dam? What had the government disregarded warnings about so many large-scale dam projects in a seismically active area? What had the government disregarded warnings about so many large-scale dam projects in a seismically active area? Who has been denied access to seismological and geological data to examine the cause of the quake? What did the earthquake provide for researchers to retrofit data? What was the accuracy of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What did the Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje and Strachimir Mavrodiev attempt to establish? Who was the geologist at the Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje? What did Zhang Xiaodong believe earthquake prediction was? What did Zhang Xiaodong believe earthquake prediction was a global issue? What did Zhang Xiaodong believe earthquake prediction was? What was received before the earthquake? What Seismologist said he did not see anything that could be regarded as having 'predicted' the earthquake's occurrence? When did Chen Xuezhong publish a Seismic Risk Analysis study? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? When did Chen Xuezhong publish a Seismic Risk Analysis study? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? How long was the earthquake the worst to strike the Sichuan area? How long was the earthquake the worst to strike the Sichuan area? What is not yet established science? Who sought information on whether or not the quake could have been predicted in advance? What is not yet established science? How many rescue teams were reported ready to join the rescue effort in Sichuan? How many Tibetan villagers were stranded for five days without food and water? What did the Red Cross Society of China say was inconvenient? What did the Red Cross Society of China recommend donating instead of other items? Why did the Red Cross Society of China recommend donating cash instead of other items? How many men were in the search and rescue group? How did the rain and landslides affect rescue efforts? How many helicopters were deployed at the start of rescue operations? How many troops and militia reservists joined the rescue force in the heavily affected areas? How many survivors were found in Yingxiu Town? How many troops and militia reservists joined the rescue force in the heavily affected areas? How did the rain and landslides affect rescue efforts? How many helicopters were deployed at the start of rescue operations? How many troops and militia reservists joined the rescue force in the heavily affected areas? How many survivors were found in Yingxiu Town? How many survivors were found in Wenchuan? How many helicopters did Premier Wen Jiabao order by May 15? What was the largest non-combat airlifting operation in People's Liberation Army history? What was the largest non-combat airlifting operation in People's Liberation Army history? What was the total number of aircraft deployed in relief operations by the air force, army, and civil aviation? What was the total number of aircraft deployed in relief operations by the air force, army, and civil aviation? What was the largest non-combat airlifting operation in People's Liberation Army history? What industry provided 30 helicopters by May 15? What was the largest non-combat airlifting operation in People's Liberation Army history? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? When did Beijing accept the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation from Taiwan? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? What did China accept to cope with the quake? What did China do to cope with the quake? How many tons of relief supplies did China Airlines send to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? When did the chartered flight depart Taipei? On what date was a rescue team scheduled to depart Taipei? How many tons of relief supplies did China Airlines send to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? How many tons of relief supplies did China Airlines send to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? How many tons of relief supplies did China Airlines send to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? What team was scheduled to depart Taipei on May 16? How many tons of relief supplies did China Airlines send to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? What country shared some of its satellite images of the quake-stricken areas with Chinese authorities? Who did the US share some of its satellite images of the quake-stricken areas with? How many Chinese troops and medics were involved in the rescue effort? On what date did rescue groups from South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Russia and Taiwan arrive to join the rescue effort? What country shared some of its satellite images of the quake-stricken areas with Chinese authorities? What were the two U.S. Air Force C-17's carrying supplies? How many Chinese troops and medics were involved in the rescue effort? What was widely used for passing information to aid rescue and recovery efforts? What did Xinhua set up in order to find the blind spots of disaster recovery? What did Xinhua set up an online rescue request center to find? Where did a student propose a landing spot for the helicopters? What was widely used for passing information to aid rescue and recovery efforts? What did Xinhua set up in order to find the blind spots of disaster recovery? Who proposed a landing spot in the epicenter area in Wenchuan? What did volunteers set up to store contact information for victims and evacuees? When did a rescue helicopter crash in Wenchuan? What year was the first anniversary of the quake? How many days did the government open access to the sealed ruins of the Beichuan county seat? How long did the government open access to the sealed ruins of the Beichuan county seat? What year was the first anniversary of the quake? What will the ruins of the Beichuan county seat be frozen in time? How many concerts were there to raise money for the survivors of the quake? What did the government do to the ruins of the Beichuan county seat? What did people donate after the earthquake? How much did the Chinese government allocate for earthquake relief? What country did people donate after the earthquake? What did people donate after the earthquake? Where were booths set up after the earthquake? How much did the Chinese government allocate for earthquake relief? How much did the Chinese government allocate for earthquake relief? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly to? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide for those left homeless? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How much money has the Amity Foundation earmarked for disaster relief? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide for those left homeless? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide? How much money has the Amity Foundation earmarked for disaster relief? How many inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What is the catch phrase for Chinese citizens? How many inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? How many inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What is the catch phrase for Chinese citizens? How old are "illegal children" under 18 years of age? What was the name of the special program hosted by regulars from the CCTV New Year's Gala and round-the-clock coverage anchor Bai Yansong? Who hosted The Giving of Love? How many Chinese Yuan donations were there on May 18? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the victims? What was Jackie Chan's music video called? What was the name of the special program hosted by regulars from the CCTV New Year's Gala and round-the-clock coverage anchor Bai Yansong? How much did the donation of the Chinese Yuan total? What was the name of the special four-hour program hosted by regulars from the CCTV New Year's Gala and round-the-clock coverage anchor Bai Yansong? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the victims? What was Jackie Chan's music video called? What did a professor at Peking University say about the Sichuan earthquake? What was Myanmar's blockage of foreign aid during Cyclone Nargis? What did a professor at Peking University say about the Sichuan earthquake? Who praised China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? In what year was the Tangshan earthquake? What was the result of the landslides? How many damming rivers had formed as of May 27, 2008? How many damming rivers had formed as of May 27, 2008? What was the result of the magnitude 7.9 earthquake and strong aftershocks? What resulted in the formation of "quake lakes" behind the blockages? What was the result of the landslides? How many damming rivers had formed as of May 27, 2008? How many villages had to be evacuated due to the flooding? Where was Mount Tangjia located? What was the most precarious of the quake-lakes? What was used to bring heavy earthmoving tractors to the affected location? How many people were evacuated from Mianyang by June 1? When were more than 200,000 people evacuated from Mianyang? What was used to bring heavy earthmoving tractors to the affected location? Where was Mount Tangjia located? How many soldiers arrived on the site by foot? How many days did the PRC's National Flag and Regional Flags of Hong Kong and Macau fly at half mast? How many days did the PRC's National Flag and Regional Flags of Hong Kong and Macau fly at half mast? Who died in the quake? When did the State Council declare a three-day period of national mourning for the quake victims? On what roads did the Chinese people come to a halt? How many days did the PRC's National Flag and Regional Flags of Hong Kong and Macau fly at half mast? The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period? The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period? The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period? The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period? When did the next leg of the Beijing Olympic torch relay begin? When did the next leg of the Beijing Olympic torch relay begin? What did many websites convert their home page to? What did Sina.com and Sohu remove? What entertainment websites had shut down altogether? In what square did crowds cheer slogans like "Long Live China"? Where did casinos in Macau close down? Who was the principal of Sangzao Middle School? How many pupils were in attendance at the Sangzao Middle School in Sangzao? How many pupils attended the Sangzao Middle School in Sangzao? How much money did Ye Zhiping get from the county education department? Who was the principal of Sangzao Middle School? How many pupils attended the Sangzao Middle School in Sangzao? Where is Sangzao Middle School located? When did Ye Zhiping oversaw a major overhaul of his school? How many collapsed schools did Reuters report in June? What was reported to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake? How many collapsed schools did Reuters report in June? What did Reuters report about the collapsed schools? What was reported to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake? How many collapsed schools did Reuters report in June? What did officials push parents to sign a document that forbade them from holding protests? What was the name of the Chinese news media that had to stop reporting on school collapses? Who reported that government officials in Beijing and Sichuan have said they are investigating the collapses? What did officials push parents to sign a document to forbade them from holding protests? What did officials push parents to sign a document that forbade them from holding protests? What did some parents who refused to sign a document forbade them from holding protests? What did officials order the Chinese news media to stop reporting on? When was Liu Shaokun detained? What did Liu Shaokun's family believe he was being investigated on? Who was Liu Shaokun? What did Liu Shaokun's family believe he was being investigated on? Where did Liu Shaokun travel to? In what interview did Liu Shaokun express his anger at the tofu-dregs buildings? How long was Liu Shaokun ordered to serve re-education through labor? In what year did Tan Zuoren write an article in support of the pro-democracy movement? In what year did The Standard report that Tan Zuoren attempted to document shoddy construction? In what year did Tan Zuoren write an article in support of the pro-democracy movement? On what date did UNICEF report that China requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? Why did foreign nations and organizations respond to the quake? On what date did UNICEF report that China requested the support of the international community? On what date did UNICEF report that China requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? Why did foreign nations and organizations respond to the disaster? How much did Yao Ming give to the Red Cross Society of China? How much did Yao Ming donate to the Red Cross Society of China? How many yuan was donated by the Chinese public by the Ministry of Civil Affairs? Who donated 10.7 billion yuan? Who is one of the country's most popular sports icons? How much did Yao Ming donate to the Red Cross Society of China? Who praised the rescue effort in Beijing on Tuesday? What did the Economist say China reacted to the disaster? What country did the Cyclone Nargis devastated? What country did the Cyclone Nargis devastated? Who praised the rescue effort in Beijing on Tuesday? What did all Mainland Chinese television stations do after the quake? What did all Mainland Chinese television stations do after the quake? What did the pay television channels have to do after the quake? What country was the Chinese government praised for its response to the quake? Why did the Chinese government see an erosion in confidence? What was the Chinese government initially praised for responding to the quake? How many parents have accused local officials and builders of cutting corners in school construction? What did parents of children lose in collapsed schools complain they had yet to receive? Who discouraged stories of poorly built schools from being published in the media? The AP reported that the state-controlled media has largely ignored what? Who did the AP report that the state-controlled media has ignored the issue? The AP reported that the state-controlled media has largely ignored what? What did the Globeandmail.com say the shoddily constructed buildings cut corners by replacing with thin iron wires for concrete re-inforcement? What did the Globeandmail.com say the shoddily constructed buildings cut corners by replacing with thin iron wires for concrete re-inforcement? Who said the supervising agencies did not check to see if they met the national standards? What have some of the corrupt government officials still not been brought to justice? What have some of the corrupt government officials still not been brought to justice? What did the Times say parents were warned not to stage a protest? Who warned parents not to stage a protest under the threat of arrest? How many families are still seeking compensation and justice to what happened? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? How many boroughs are in New York City? When were the five boroughs consolidated into a single city? What is the population of New York City in 2014? What is the population of New York City in 2014? How many people live in the Combined Statistical Area? How many boroughs are in New York City? How many boroughs were consolidated into a single city in 1898? When were the five boroughs consolidated into a single city? What is the population of New York City in 2014? How many languages are spoken in New York? In what year was New York named the capital of the United States? In what year was New York named the capital of the United States? When did New York serve as the capital of the United States? When did New York's surroundings come under English control? When did New York serve as the capital of the United States? In what year was New York named the capital of the United States? When was New Amsterdam named? When did New York's surroundings come under English control? When did New York serve as the capital of the United States? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How many subway stations are in New York City? Where is Wall Street located? How many colleges and universities are in New York City? What are the two largest stock exchanges in the world? What is the name of the ice sheet that helped split apart New York City? During what glaciation was the New York City region situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth? How many feet in depth was the ice sheet in New York City during the Wisconsinan glaciation? What was the name of the Lenape's homeland? In what year did Giovanni da Verrazzano visit New York Harbor? Who was the first European to visit New York Harbor? In what year did Giovanni da Verrazzano visit New York Harbor? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano call New Angoulême? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano call the area for France? In what year did Giovanni da Verrazzano visit New York Harbor? In what year did Giovanni da Verrazzano visit New York Harbor? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano call New Angoulême? When did Gomes arrive in New York Harbor? Who led the Spanish expedition to New York Harbor? When did Gomes arrive in New York Harbor? Who was the Portuguese sailing for? What was the name of the purpose-built caravel that went to New York Harbor in 1525? What was the name of the Hudson River that Gomes charted? What was the first scientific map to show the North American East coast continuously? What was the name of the ship Henry Hudson sailed into New York Harbor? What was Henry Hudson's employer? When did the Netherlands claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? How many days did Hudson spend exploring the area? What was the name of Hudson's ship? What was Henry Hudson's employer? When did the Netherlands claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? What was the name of the ship Henry Hudson sailed into New York Harbor? Where was Juan Rodriguez born? What is the name of Juan Rodriguez? Who was the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? Where is Broadway named in honor of Juan Rodriguez? Where was Juan Rodriguez born? Who was the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? Where is Broadway located? Where was the Dutch fur trading settlement founded? Where was the Fort Amsterdam built in 1625? In what year did construction of a citadel and Fort Amsterdam begin on Manhattan Island? How many guilders did the Dutch colonial Director-General buy the island of Manhattan? How many guilders did the Dutch colonial Director-General buy the island of Manhattan? In what year did a permanent European presence in New York begin? In what year did construction of a citadel and Fort Amsterdam begin on Manhattan Island? How much did the legend say Manhattan was purchased for? What was the name of the fledgling city that the English renamed after? Who was the Duke of York? Who was the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland? Who was the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland? When did Peter Stuyvesant surrender New Amsterdam to the English? Who was the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland? Who was the Prince of Orange? When did Anthonio Colve take over the colony of New York? What was the name of the colony that the Dutch captain renamed? When did the Dutch return New York to England? What was the name of the Dutch captain who took over the colony of New York from England? What was the name of the Dutch captain who took over the colony of New York from England? Who was the Prince of Orange? When did the English gain control of Run? What was the population of the Lenape by 1700? What was the name of the Indonesian island in the Second Anglo-Dutch War? What was the population of the Lenape by 1700? When did the English gain control of Run? What percentage of households held slaves by 1730? Where did New York have more slaves than other cities? Where was a new federal courthouse built in the 1990s? How many Africans were buried in the area in the colonial years? Where did New York have more slaves than other cities? When did Discovery of the African Burying Ground occur? In what year was John Peter Zenger trialed? In what year was John Peter Zenger trialed? When was Columbia University founded? Who founded Columbia University in 1754? Who founded Columbia University in 1754? In what year was John Peter Zenger trialed? When was Columbia University founded? When did the Stamp Act Congress meet in New York? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? Where was the Battle of Long Island fought? When was the Battle of Long Island fought? How many escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation? When did the British forces evacuate? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? Where was the Battle of Long Island fought? When did the British forces evacuate? When did the Great Fire of New York occur? Where did the only attempt to a peaceful solution to the war take place? How many buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of New York? Where was the Great Fire of New York located? What was the name of the building that was destroyed by the Great Fire of New York? Where did the only attempt to a peaceful solution to the war take place? How many buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of New York? When did the Congress of the Confederation make New York the national capital? Who was the first President of the United States in 1789? Who was inaugurated in 1789? Where was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? What was the largest city in the United States by 1790? In what year did the Congress of the Confederation make New York the national capital? In what year did the Congress of the Confederation make New York the national capital? When was the first President of the United States inaugurated? When did New York surpass Philadelphia as the largest city in the United States? In what year was New York State's gradual abolition act? Where did a significant free-black population develop? What organization worked for abolition and established the African Free School to educate black children? When was slavery abolished in New York? How many blacks were in New York in 1840? In what year was New York State's gradual abolition act? When was slavery abolished in New York? What was the Commissioners' Plan of 1811? When was the Erie Canal completed? What political machine was supported by Irish and German immigrants? Who supported Tammany Hall? When was the Erie Canal completed? What was the name of the first landscaped park in an American city? In what year did Central Park become the first landscaped park in an American city? In what year did Central Park become the first landscaped park in an American city? What caused a large influx of Irish immigrants? How many Irish immigrants were living in New York by 1860? How many Irish immigrants were living in New York by 1860? What percentage of New York's population was German by 1860? What percentage of New York's population was German by 1860? What caused a large influx of Irish immigrants? How many Irish immigrants were living in New York by 1860? Who called on the aldermen to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded? How much did the commutation fee cost to hire a substitute? How much did the commutation fee cost to hire a substitute? How many people were killed in the riots? How many black men were lynched over five days? How many children were burned to the ground? When was the City of New York formed? When was the subway opened? What part of the County of New York was included in the City of New York? When was the subway opened? When did the steamship General Slocum catch fire in the East River? What was the name of the steamship that caught fire in the East River in 1904? How many garment workers were killed in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many garment workers were killed in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many garment workers were killed in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? What was the city's worst industrial disaster? How many non-whites lived in New York in 1890? The Harlem Renaissance of literary and cultural life flourished during what era of Prohibition? How many non-whites lived in New York in 1890? What was the most populous urbanized area in the world in the early 1920s? What was the first megacity in human history? Who was elected mayor of New York in the Great Depression? Who was elected mayor of New York in the Great Depression? What was the first megacity in human history? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? When did the Stonewall riots take place? When did the Stonewall riots take place? When did the Stonewall riots take place? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? When did the Stonewall riots take place? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? When did New York's population reach all-time highs? When did New York's population reach all-time highs? What new sectors emerged in the city's economy? When did New York's crime rate increase? When did job losses due to industrial restructuring cause New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates? When did job losses due to industrial restructuring cause New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates? How many civilians were killed in the 9/11 attack? How many civilians were killed in the 9/11 attack? How many civilians were killed in the 9/11 attack? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? What is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How many civilians were killed in the 9/11 attack? How many civilians were killed in the 9/11 attack? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Who wrote the National Review? When was the National Review published? Which Republican presidential candidate ridiculed the liberalism of "New York values" in January 2016? Who ridiculed the liberalism of New York values? Where is New York City located? Where is New York City located? Where is New York City located? What river feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor? What river feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor? What river feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor? Where does the Hudson River feed into? Where is most of New York City built? What state does the Hudson River separate the city from? What river separates most of Manhattan from the Bronx? What river flows through the Bronx and Westchester County? Where does the Hudson River flow through? Where is the Hudson River located? What state does the Hudson River separate the city from? What river flows through the Bronx and Westchester County? What river separates most of Manhattan from the Bronx? How has the city's land been altered by human intervention? How many square miles is the city's total area? How many sq mi is the city's total area of water? How many sq mi is the city's total area of water? What is the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard south of Maine? Where is Todt Hill located? How many square miles is the city's total area? How many sq mi is the city's total area of water? How many sq mi is the city's total area of water? What is the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard south of Maine? What is the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard south of Maine? What is the name of the most expensive new office tower in the world? Where is the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House located? What is the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan? What is the name of the most expensive new office tower in the world? When was the oldest section of the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House built? What is the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan? How many skyscrapers were in New York City in 2011? What was New York City's ranking in the world in 2011? How many skyscrapers were in New York City in 2011? When was the Woolworth Building built? How many skyscrapers were in New York City in 2011? What was New York City's ranking in the world in 2011? How many skyscrapers were in New York City in 2011? When was the Empire State Building built? What style of buildings reflected the zoning requirements? What is one of the finest examples of the Art Deco style? What is a highly influential example of the international style in the United States? What is a prominent example of green design in American skyscrapers? What is one of the finest examples of the Art Deco style? When was the Empire State Building built? When was the Chrysler Building built? Where is Riverdale located? Where is Ditmas Park located? Where is Douglaston located? When were the shabby tenements built? What architectural styles are common in New York City? What is the character of New York's large residential districts often defined by? When was the Great Fire? How many stories did the city need to install their water towers on in the 1800s? What is one of the most popular outlying areas in the 1920s? What became the city's building materials of choice after the construction of wood-frame houses was limited in the aftermath of the Great Fire of 1835? What is a distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings? In what year did the United States Geological Survey analyze seismic hazard in New York City? How many of the boroughs would be among the ten most populous cities in the US? How many boroughs are in New York City? What are the four boroughs of New York City? What is the coldest month in the Köppen climate classification? How many days of sunshine does New York City have annually? How many days of sunshine does New York City have annually? What is the Dfa? What is the coldest month in the Köppen climate classification? What is the coldest month in the Köppen climate classification? How many days of sunshine does New York City have annually? What is the USDA 7b Plant Hardiness zone? What do the Appalachians keep Pittsburgh warmer in the winter? What is the daily mean temperature in January? What is the average humidity level of Pittsburgh? What is the average temperature in the city in the summer? When did Extreme temperatures range from 15 °F to 106 °F? When did Extreme temperatures range from 15 °F to 106 °F? When did Extreme temperatures range from 15 °F (26 °C)? When did Extreme temperatures range from 15 °F to 106 °F? How much precipitation does New York receive annually? What is the average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010? On what date did Hurricane Sandy bring a destructive storm surge to New York City? How much precipitation does New York receive annually? What caused a destructive storm surge to New York City on October 29, 2012? What is the average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010? Who operate the lands of the City of New York? What is the name of the State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation? Who operates the lands of the City of New York? What city was the second best park system in the U.S.? What city was the second best park system among the 50 most populous U.S. cities? What city was the second best park system in the U.S.? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in Gateway National Recreation Area? What two areas of the Rockaway Peninsula are included in the Gateway National Recreation Area? What part of the Rockaway Peninsula does the Gateway National Recreation Area include? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in Gateway National Recreation Area? Who manages the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? What is the name of the General Grant National Memorial? How many private properties are listed on the National Register of Historic Places? What is the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village? Who manages the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? Where are the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? Where are the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? How many private properties are listed on the National Register of Historic Places? What is the name of the General Grant National Memorial? How many state parks are in New York City? How many state parks are in New York City? How many state parks are in New York City? How many state parks are in New York City? How many state parks are in New York City? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? What is the name of the US military's only active duty installation in New York City? When was Fort Hamilton established? When was Fort Hamilton established? What division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers does Fort Hamilton serve? What is the name of the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron? What is the name of the US military's only active duty installation in New York City? When was Fort Hamilton established? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where is Fort Totten located? How many people live in New York City in 2014? What is the second most populous U.S. city? How many people lived in New York City between April 2010 and July 2014? What percentage of New York State's population is in New York City? What percentage of New York State's population is in New York City? How many people live in New York City in 2014? What is the second most populous U.S. city? What percentage of New York State's population is in New York City? What is the population density of Manhattan in 2014? What is Manhattan's population density per square mile? What county is Manhattan located in? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? What was the fastest growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What was the fastest growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? When did the number of blacks decline over a decade? What was the fastest growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? Where was the term "melting pot" first coined to describe densely populated immigrant neighborhoods? What group constituted the largest immigrant group by 1900? What percentage of the city's population was white in 1940? Who was the largest immigrant group by 1900? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? What percentage of New York's population is foreign born? What was the largest source of foreignborn individuals in New York in 2011? How many foreign-born individuals were there in New York in 2011? What are the ten largest sources of foreign born individuals in New York in 2011? What percentage of New York's population is foreign born? What is the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world? What is the fastest growing nationality in New York State? What percentage of New York City was of Chinese ethnicity in 2012? What is the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world? What percentage of New York City's population is Japanese? How many non-Hispanic whites live in New York City in 2012? How many people live in Houston? How many Polish Americans were in New York City in 2012? How many people lived in Chicago in 2012? Where are Albanian Americans most concentrated? How many non-Hispanic whites live in New York City in 2012? How many people live in the New York City metropolitan area? How many Jewish people live in New York City in 2012? What percentage of the nation's Indian Americans are in New York City? What is the largest Hispanic population in the United States? What percentage of the nation's Indian Americans are in New York City? What was the population of Puerto Rican immigrants in New York City in 2013? What country was the top source of legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013? What countries were the top source countries for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013? What is the name of the country that was the top source for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013? What were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013? How many people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? What percentage of New York City's Jews live in Brooklyn? What is Catholicism? How many Jews live in Brooklyn? How many Jews live in New York City? How many observers are in New York City? How many Jews live in Brooklyn? What religion was the most prevalent in New York City as of 2014? How many Jews live in New York City? In 2014, how many people self-identified with no organized religious affiliation? How many observers are in New York City? What is the Gini Coefficient of New York City? What city has a high degree of income disparity? Who was the former Mayor of New York City in 2013? What percentage of people live in New York City in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What is the Gini Coefficient of New York City? What is the name of New York's broad-spectrum high technology sphere? What was the name of the first Global Economic Power Index published by The Atlantic? When did the Port of New York and New Jersey handle record cargo volume? In what year did New York City top the first Global Economic Power Index? How many private sector jobs are in New York City? What was the name of the magazine that helped New York City top the FDi Magazine American Cities of the Future ranking for 2013? What is a major force in the city's economy? What is the highest-listed market value in New York City in 2006? How much was 450 Park Avenue sold on July 2, 2007? How much was 450 Park Avenue sold on July 2, 2007? How many zip codes were in Manhattan in 2014? What is the highest-listed market value in New York City in 2006? Where was 450 Park Avenue sold in June 2007? What is the name of New York City's top global center for the advertising industry? How much does New York City's fashion industry provide in annual wages? How much does New York City's fashion industry provide in annual wages? What is the name of New York City's top global center for the advertising industry? How much does New York City's fashion industry provide in annual wages? What group of advertising agencies were based in Manhattan in 2013? How much does food processing cost? How much does food processing cost? Where is the garment industry showing a resurgence? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? What was the name of Godiva's chocolatiers? Where is Godiva headquartered? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? Who is one of the world's largest chocolatiers? How many jobs did New York City's securities industry enumerate in August 2013? How many jobs did New York City's securities industry enumerate in August 2013? How much money does New York City's securities industry pay in 2012? What is the average salary of New York City's securities industry? How many jobs did New York City's securities industry enumerate in August 2013? How many jobs did New York City's securities industry enumerate in August 2013? Where is the New York Stock Exchange located? Where is the NASDAQ located? How much did senior New York City bank officers earn annually? What percentage of New York State's tax revenue was generated by Wall Street's securities industry in 2013-14? Who took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate? Where is the New York Stock Exchange located? Where is the NASDAQ located? How many square feet of office space did Manhattan have in 2015? How many square feet of office space did Manhattan have in 2015? How many square feet of office space did Manhattan have in 2015? Where is Silicon Alley located? How much fiberoptic telecommunications was Verizon Communications headquartered in in New York City in 2014? How much fiberoptic telecommunications was Verizon Communications headquartered in in New York City in 2014? How many employees were in the tech sector in New York City in 2014? How many employees were in the tech sector in New York City in 2014? What is the name of the graduate school in New York City? What is the name of the graduate school in New York City? What is the name of the graduate school in New York City? How much money did Accelerator raise from investors? How many square feet is the Alexandria Center for Life Science? What is the name of the graduate school in New York City? How many tourists did New York City receive in 2013? How many tourists did New York City receive in 2013? How many tourists did New York City receive in 2013? How much did tourism generate in overall economic impact for New York City in 2014? How many tourists did New York City receive in 2013? How many tourists did New York City receive in 2013? In what year was I Love New York used to promote tourism in New York City? In what year was I Love New York used to promote tourism in New York City? Who owns the trademarked logo? In what year was I Love New York used to promote tourism in New York City? In what year was I Love New York used to promote tourism in New York City? In what year was I Love New York used to promote tourism in New York City? Where is the Halloween Parade held? What is the name of the major tourist destination in Manhattan? Where is the Manhattan Chinatown located? Where does Central Park perform free performances? Where is the Unisphere located? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? What company purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York in October 2014? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group purchase the Waldorf Astoria New York? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group purchase the Waldorf Astoria New York? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? What company purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York in October 2014? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group purchase the Waldorf Astoria New York? How much of all American independent films are produced in New York City? How much of all American independent films are produced in New York City? How much of all American independent films are produced in New York City? What city was the top North American city for the same distinction during the 2013/2014 cycle? How many of the top three record labels have their headquarters in New York? What is the largest media market in North America? How many of the world's top eight global advertising agency networks have their headquarters in New York? How many people are employed in the publishing industry in New York? What are two of the three national daily newspapers in the United States? How many of the three national newspapers in the United States are New York papers? In what year was The New York Daily News founded? Who founded the New York Daily News in 1801? How many people are employed in the publishing industry in New York? How many people are employed in the publishing industry in New York? How many people are employed in the publishing industry in New York? What are two of the three national daily newspapers in the United States? In what year was The New York Daily News founded? What are the three major American broadcast networks headquartered in New York? What is the name of the public broadcast service in New York? Which cable networks are based in New York? Which cable networks are based in New York? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the United States? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the name of the city's major public television station? What is the name of the public radio station owned by the city until 1997? When was WNYC owned by the city? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the United States? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the name of the public radio station owned by the city until 1997? Who manages the New York City Public Schools system? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many specialized high schools are in New York City? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many specialized high schools are in New York City? What is the name of the charter school center in New York? How many privately run secular and religious schools are there in New York City? How many students are enrolled in New York City's over 120 higher education institutions? How many of Manhattan's residents were college graduates in 2005? How many of Manhattan's residents were college graduates in 2005? How many institutions are in the CUNY system? How many students are enrolled in New York City's over 120 higher education institutions? Which public library serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the nation's second largest public library system? Where is the New York Public Library located? What is the name of the company that operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City? How many community-based primary care sites does HHC operate? How much revenue does HHC have in annual revenues? How much revenue does HHC have in annual revenues? How much revenue does HHC have in annual revenues? When was HHC created? How many community-based primary care sites does HHC operate? What is the oldest public hospital in the U.S.? Who is the president of the HHC system? What is the oldest public hospital in the U.S.? What is the oldest public hospital in the U.S.? Who is the president of the HHC system? Where is Ramanathan Raju? Who is the president of the HHC system? How many officers have been sworn by the NYPD? What is the nickname of the NYPD? How many officers have been sworn by the NYPD? How many officers have been sworn by the NYPD? What is the nickname of the NYPD? How many homicides did New York experience in 2014? What percentage of crime in New York City decreased from 1993 to 2005? Where was New York City's crime rate similar to in 2002? How many homicides were recorded in New York City in 2007? How many homicides did New York experience in 2014? What percentage of murder victims in New York City were black or Hispanic? In what century did the Forty Thieves and Roach Guards begin in New York City? Who dominated the Mafia in the 20th century? In what century did the Forty Thieves and Roach Guards begin in New York City? What gang was dominated by the Five Families in the 20th century? What is the second largest fire department in the world? How many boroughs of New York City are covered by the FDNY? What is the motto of the FDNY? How many boroughs of New York City are covered by the FDNY? What is the largest municipal fire department in the United States? How many uniformed firefighters does the FDNY employ? How many uniformed firefighters does the FDNY employ? What is the motto of the FDNY? How many miles of tunnel with electrified track is New York home to? What can secluded bridges and tunnels give rise to? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? When was New York a center of jazz? In what decade was New York the birthplace of hip hop? What was the name of the American cultural movement that established the African-American literary canon in the United States? In what decade was New York a center of jazz? In what decade was New York a center of jazz? In what decade was New York a center of jazz? What city has been considered the dance capital of the world? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What is abstract expressionism also known as? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? Who compiled the annual list of fashion capitals in New York? When did New York City theaters begin featuring a new stage form that became known as the Broadway musical? How many art galleries are in New York City? What type of lighting led to elaborate theater productions? Who was influenced by New York City's immigrants? How many art galleries are in New York City? What type of lighting led to elaborate theater productions? What was the attendance in 2013-2014? What is the name of the major thoroughfare that crosses the Times Square Theater District? How much did Broadway sell in the 2013-2014 season? How much did Broadway sell in the 2013-2014 season? What was the attendance in 2013-2014? What was the attendance increase in 2013-2014? How many restaurants are in New York City? How many mobile food vendors are licensed by the city? How many restaurants are in New York City? How many restaurants are in New York City? How many of the finest and most diverse haute cuisine restaurants in the world are in New York City? When were the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What are the four most expensive stadiums ever built worldwide? What are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world? When were the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What are the headquarters of the National Football League, Major League Baseball, National Hockey League, and New York City? What area hosts the most sports teams in the five professional leagues? How many major professional teams has New York City played host to in the five sports and their respective competing leagues? What is New York described as? How many Major League Baseball World Series teams have won in New York? What is New York described as? How many metro areas have two baseball teams? How many Major League Baseball World Series teams have won in New York? How many Major League Baseball World Series teams have won in New York? How many metro areas have two baseball teams? How many World Series have New York City teams played each other? How many World Series have New York City teams played each other? Which team plays their home games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey? When was the Super Bowl XLVIII hosted? Which team plays their home games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey? Which team plays their home games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey? Where do the New York Giants and the Jets play their home games? Which team plays their home games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey? When was the Super Bowl XLVIII hosted? Who represent the city in the National Hockey League? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? Who represent the city in the National Hockey League? Who represent the city in the National Hockey League? What are the city's National Basketball Association teams? What is the name of the city's Women's National Basketball Association? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held? What is the name of the city's Women's National Basketball Association? What is the name of the first national college-level basketball championship held in New York in 1938? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held? What are the city's National Basketball Association teams? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is the name of the annual track and field meet in Queens? What is the last, longest and oldest of horse racing's Triple Crown races held at Belmont Park? In what year did Queens host the U.S. Open golf tournament? Where are the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held? Where is the National Tennis Center located? Where is the United States Open Tennis Championships held? How many finishers did the New York Marathon hold in 2006? What is the name of the annual track and field meet in Queens? Where are the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held? What street version of baseball was popularized by youths in the 1930s? In what year was Stickball Boulevard renamed? In what year was Stickball Boulevard renamed? What is the largest rapid transit system in the world? What is the largest rapid transit system in the world? What is the name of the world's largest railway station? How many passengers ride the New York City Subway in 2014? What is the name of the world's largest railway station? What is the longest commute time in the nation among large cities? What percentage of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What percentage of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using mass transit? What percentage of commuters drive automobiles to their workplace? What is the longest commute time in the nation among large cities? What percentage of households do not have a car in New York City? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What is the main intercity bus terminal of New York City? How many commuters do the Port Authority Bus Terminal serve daily? How many commuters do the Port Authority Bus Terminal serve daily? What is the main intercity bus terminal of New York City? What are the three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area? What are the three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area? What is the name of the busiest airport in New York? Where is Stewart International Airport located? How many travelers used New York's airspace in 2012? How many passengers are on the Staten Island Ferry route? How many passengers are on the Staten Island Ferry route? How many passengers does the Staten Island Ferry carry? How many passengers are on the Staten Island Ferry route? How many passengers are on the Staten Island Ferry route? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What bridge is an icon of the city itself? In what year was the George Washington Bridge the longest suspension bridge in the world? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is the architectural style of the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge? In what year was the George Washington Bridge the longest suspension bridge in the world? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? When did the Holland Tunnel open? When was the Queens-Midtown Tunnel completed? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? How is Manhattan Island linked to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey? What was the name of the first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel in the world? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? How many cyclists are there in New York City in 2014? How many cyclists are there in New York City in 2014? What percentage of all modes of travel are in New York City? How many public bicycles were introduced for the city's bike-share project? What university conducted research that showed that a majority of New Yorkers support the bike-share initiative? In what year did Walk Score rank New York City as the most walkable large city in the United States? Where is New York City supplied with drinking water? What watershed supplied New York City with drinking water? How much water is the Croton Watershed undergoing construction? How much water is the Croton Watershed undergoing construction? How much water is the Croton Watershed undergoing construction? How much water is the Croton Watershed undergoing construction? How many council members are in the City Council? How many consecutive term limit does the City Council have? Who are elected to four-year terms? How many council members are in the City Council? How many consecutive term limit does the City Council have? What are the codes of local laws, compilation of regulations, and official journal? How many years are the Mayor and council members elected to? What percentage of registered voters are in New York City as of November 2008? What percentage of registered voters in New York City are Democrats? Who became the first presidential candidate of any party to receive more than 80% of the overall vote in New York City in 2012? When did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? How many boroughs did Calvin Coolidge win in 1924? What party holds the majority of public offices? What percentage of registered voters in New York City are Democrats? When did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? How many boroughs did Calvin Coolidge win in 1924? How many boroughs did Calvin Coolidge win in 1924? How many Nobel laureates were practicing in New York City in 2012? Where is the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology venture located? How many Nobel laureates were practicing in New York City in 2012? How many emergency room visits do HHC's facilities provide each year? How many emergency room visits do HHC's facilities provide each year? How many emergency room visits do HHC's facilities provide each year? How much of all general hospital discharges do HHC facilities treat? How much of all general hospital discharges do HHC facilities treat? What caused the initial crime wave in the mid-20th century? What is the end of the crack epidemic and demographic changes? What was the name of the author of the book titled New York? What organization showcased New York's culture capital of the world? Who describes New York City as the cultural capital of the world? Which diplomatic consulates describe New York City as the cultural capital of the world? Where is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? Where is the Vivian Beaumont Theater located? Where is the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute located? Where is Tisch School of the Arts based? Where is the Tisch School of the Arts based? What is the name for a section of Fifth Avenue running from 82nd to 105th streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan? What is the name of the section of Fifth Avenue that runs from 82nd to 105th streets in New York City? When was the Museum at 110th Street constructed? When did the museum at 110th Street open? What is the name for a section of Fifth Avenue running from 82nd to 105th streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan? What is the name of the New York dialect? Who played Archie Bunker in the 1970s sitcom All in the Family? Who played the character Archie Bunker from the 1970s sitcom All in the Family? What is the pronunciation of New York's city name? Who plays their home games at Yankee Stadium? Where do the New York City FC of Major League Soccer play their home games? Where do the New York Red Bulls play their home games? What former professional soccer player played in the New York Cosmos? Where do the Cosmos play their home games? What percentage of the nation's rail riders live in the Metropolitan Area? How many rail lines are there in New York City? How many rail lines are there in New York City? What system connects JFK International Airport to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road? How many rail lines are there in New York City? What is the busiest train station in New York City? How many of the six rapid transit systems in the world operate on 24-hour schedules? How many of the six rapid transit systems in the world operate on 24-hour schedules? What are the other rapid transit systems in the world that operate on 24-hour schedules? What train connects Midtown and Lower Manhattan to northeastern New Jersey? What is the name of the multibillion US$ heavy-rail transit project in New York City? How many yellow taxicabs are there? What is an aerial tramway that transports commuters between? What is one of the national industries in Manhattan? What are some of the national industries in New York's streets and avenues used as metonyms? What are some of Manhattan's streets and avenues used as metonyms for? What are some of New York's streets and avenues used as metonyms for? When are traffic jams a daily occurrence in New York City? What is the name of the area that connects the boroughs to each other? What is the name of the area that connects the boroughs to each other? Where are Queens and Brooklyn located? Which boroughs are located at the west end of the larger Long Island? Which boroughs are located at the west end of the larger Long Island? What is the name of the type of Expressionism that the Manhattan Bridge, Throgs Neck Bridge, Triborough Bridge, and Verrazano-Narrows Bridge are examples of? What is an important piece of cantilever architecture? What percentage of New York's taxi fleet was in service in 2010? What percentage of New York's taxi fleet was in service in 2010? What percentage of greenhouse gas emissions did de Blasio commit to reduce between 2014 and 2050? What is the name of the city's leader in the construction of energy-efficient green office buildings? In what case was the EPA forced to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants? How long is Newtown Creek? How many gallons of oil did Newtown Creek contain? What is one of the most contaminated industrial sites in the country? What is the name of the city that has a mayor-council form of government? When did New York City become a mayor-council municipality? Where is the First Department of the Supreme Court located? Where is the First Department of the Supreme Court located? What type of administrative courts are not part of the state Unified Court System? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? Where are the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions? Which ZIP code generated the most money for the 2004 presidential campaigns of George W. Bush and John Kerry? How much does New York receive for every $1 it sends to the federal government in taxes? How much more does New York send each year to the state of New York? How much does New York receive for every $1 it sends to the federal government in taxes? What was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. renamed in 2006? When was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. restructured? When was To Kill a Mockingbird published? What prize did To Kill a Mockingbird win? Who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird? Who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird? When was To Kill a Mockingbird published? What are the characters of To Kill a Mockingbird based on? Where is To Kill a Mockingbird widely taught? What are the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird? What are the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird? Where does Lee address issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in To Kill a Mockingbird? What has To Kill a Mockingbird been challenged for? Who was the author of To Kill a Mockingbird? When did British librarians rank The Kill a Mockingbird as one "every adult should read before they die? Who adapted To Kill a Mockingbird into an Oscar-winning film in 1962? When was a play based on To Kill a Mockingbird performed? Who adapted To Kill a Mockingbird into an Oscar-winning film in 1962? Who ranked To Kill a Mockingbird as one "every adult should read before they die? Who adapted To Kill a Mockingbird? Who adapted To Kill a Mockingbird into an Oscar-winning film in 1962? Where is a play based on To Kill a Mockingbird performed annually? When did Lee die? What was Lee's only published book? What was Lee's only published book? When was Go Set a Watchman published? When did Lee die? Who was Harper Lee's closest friend? When did Harper Lee move to New York City? Where did Harper Lee work as a reservation clerk for British Overseas Airways Corporation? Where did Harper Lee grew up? When was Harper Lee born? Who was Harper Lee's closest friend? What college did Harper Lee attend? What college did Harper Lee attend? Who was Harper Lee's editor? What was the name of the first draft of Lippincott's novel? Who wrote "Go Set a Watchman"? Who wrote "Go Set a Watchman"? What was Lee's mother's condition? How long did Lee die after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird? Who was the lawyer on whom Atticus was modeled? When was To Kill a Mockingbird published? How long did Lee spend writing To Kill a Mockingbird? What did Reader's Digest Condensed Books choose for reprinting? Where is the fictional town of Maycomb located? How many years did the Great Depression take place? How many summers of friendship did Scout and Jem find that someone leaves them small gifts in a tree outside the Radley place? Who is the boy who visits Maycomb to stay with his aunt each summer? Where is the fictional town of Maycomb located? How many years did the Great Depression take place? What is the name of the six-year-old who lives with Jem and their widowed father? Who is Tom Robinson accused of raping? Who does Judge Taylor appoint Atticus to defend? Who shamed the mob into dispersing? Who does Atticus not want to be present at Tom Robinson's trial? Where do the Rev. Sykes, Jem, Scout, and Dill watch from? Where do Rev. Sykes, Jem, Scout, and Dill watch from? Who is shot and killed while trying to escape prison? What does Bob Ewell attack the defenseless Jem and Scout while they walk home on a dark night after the Halloween pageant? When does Bob Ewell attack the Jem and Scout? What is the name of the mysterious man who carries Jem home? Who is humiliated by the events of the trial? What is the name of the mysterious man who carries Jem home? Who discovers that Bob Ewell has died during the fight? What did Atticus believe Ewell fell on? What is To Kill a Mockingbird? In what year did Lee defend two black men? When did Lee's mother die? Who was the editor and publisher of the Monroeville newspaper? Who did Capote live next door to? When did Capote and Capote travel to Kansas to investigate the multiple murders that were the basis for In Cold Blood? What was the name of Capote's nonfiction novel? Who was Capote's childhood friend? What typewriter did Capote and Capote write? What did Capote call the two of them? What was the name of the white woman who accused a black man of raping Tom Robinson? What was the name of the white woman who accused a black man of raping Tom Robinson? Who is considered a model for Tom Robinson? What is Emmett Till's death credited as? What was the purpose of the Scottsboro Boys case? Who is considered a model for Tom Robinson? What do Jem and Scout use as subjects of her humorous disapproval? What does Tavernier-Courbin say Lee uses effectively by using a child's perspective? Where does Jem lock a classmate when Atticus is out of town? Who escorts Scout and Jem to her church? What does Jem prefer to go home in? What does Jem prefer to go home in? What is To Kill a Mockingbird? Who characterized To Kill a Mockingbird as both a Southern Gothic and coming-of-age novel? Who reveres Atticus as an authority above all others? What is a caterpillar wrapped in? What does Lee struggle with? Who was the author of To Kill a Mockingbird? What was To Kill a Mockingbird primarily concerned with? What did black males merely hinted at during the time the novel was set? How many times is Tom Robinson shot? What did black males merely hinted at during the time the novel was set? Who juried Tom Robinson's trial? How many times is Tom Robinson shot? What must Atticus shoot? Who argues that the dog represents prejudice within the town of Maycomb? Who chastises and punishes Jane Austen? Who did Atticus stand up to in the book? What classmate did Scout embarrass? Who was Jane Austen of South Alabama? Which two authors challenged the status quo and valued individual worth over social standing? What is Lee's approach to class and race more complex than ascribing racial prejudice primarily to? What does Lee's approach to class and race do? What did the children internalize Atticus' admonition not to judge someone until they have walked around in that person's skin? Who is determined to break herself of a morphine addiction? What is Scout's impulsive inclination to fight students who insult Atticus? What has the novel been noted for? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who was the author of Harper Lee's biography? What are the feminine influences of Atticus and Jem? What are the feminine influences of Atticus and Jem? Who chastises Scout for not wearing a dress and camisole? What does Jean Louise maintain about being a Southern lady she possessed as a child? Who molested Boo's daughter? What are the fathers described as abusers? Who has been exiled by society for taking a black woman as his common-law wife? Who was Charles Lamb's essayist? What does Scout refuse to wear? What is the name of the family's last name of Finch? Which family's last name shares Lee's mother's maiden name? What is the titular mockingbird a key motif of the novel? What is the titular mockingbird a key motif of the novel? What is the titular mockingbird a key motif of the novel? Who wrote 'To kill a mockingbird'? Who released the book of the Month Club? Who released the book of the Month Club? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? What book did Mary McDonagh Murphy's book compiled their impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird as children and adults into? Who wrote the book Scout, Atticus, and Boo? What book did Mary McDonagh Murphy's book compiled their impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird as children and adults into? What did Morris Deescite Atticus Finch as? What is Atticus Finch's model of integrity for the legal profession? When did the Alabama State Bar erected a monument to Atticus? What was Atticus' first commemorative milestone in the state's judicial history? Who was a member of the Alabama State Bar in 2008? When did To Kill a Mockingbird become subject of classroom study? How many books were challenged by the American Library Association in 2000-2009? When did To Kill a Mockingbird become subject of classroom study? How many books were challenged by the American Library Association in 2000-2009? When did a parent protest the use of rape as a plot device? What was one of the first incidents of the book being challenged in 1966? Who was the author of Little Black Sambo? What was the name of the book that received the most complaints from private organizations? What was the main factor in the success of the civil rights movement in the 1960s? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? Who was Capote's biological father? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who responded to the rumor of Capote's authorship? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who was the editor of Lippincott? When was To Kill a Mockingbird awarded the Pulitzer Prize? When was To Kill a Mockingbird in its 41st week on the bestseller list? When did Harper Lee win the Paperback of the Year award? When did Lee turn down interviews? What award did To Kill a Mockingbird receive in 1961? When did Lee turn down interviews? When was Lee inducted into the Alabama Academy of Honor? How many communities chose Lee's novel by 2004? Who was the mayor of Chicago in 2001? Who was the mayor of Chicago in 2001? How many communities chose Lee's novel by 2004? Where was Lee awarded an honorary doctorate in 2006? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? Where was Lee awarded an honorary doctorate in 2006? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? What was the name of the 1962 film that starred Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch? What was the name of the 1962 film that starred Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch? What was the name of the 1962 film that starred Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch? What did Peck give Lee's father? Who was Harper Lee's grandson named? What did Peck give Lee's father? Who was Harper Lee's grandson named? When did Lee make an uncharacteristic appearance at the Los Angeles Public Library? What did Veronique say of Lee in May 2005? Who adapted the book as a play? In what year did the book debut in Monroeville? Where did the book debuted in 1990? Where does the play run every May? What does the audience of the play move into the Monroe County Courthouse? Where did Sergel's play toured in the UK in 2006? What was Sergel's first London appearance in 22 years? Where did Sergel's play toured in the UK in 2006? When was an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird released? When was the draft of To Kill a Mockingbird completed? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? Who discovered the Watchman manuscript? What was an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird called? When was the draft of To Kill a Mockingbird completed? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? What are some of the serious issues of The Kill a Mockingbird? Who is the narrator's father? What is the strongest element of style noted by critics and reviewers? What does Lee combine the narrator's voice of a child observing her surroundings with a grown woman's reflecting on her childhood? What is the heritage of all Southerners in To Kill a Mockingbird? What is the first part of the book that concerns the children's fascination with Boo Radley? What did Lee categorize the book as? What is Scout's definition of? What is a part of the book that seems to drive the plot more than the characters? Who is the chief example among several innocents destroyed carelessly or deliberately throughout the novel? Who did Christopher Metress connect the mockingbird to? What did Atticus say about the character? What does R. A. Dave claim every character has to face, or even suffer defeat? What newspaper noted the even-handed approach to the narration of the novel's events? Who labeled the book "melodramatic and contrived"? Who was the Southern writer when the book was first released? Who wrote about racism as an inevitability? Who was Rosemary Goring's Literary critic? Who criticized Atticus in The Wall Street Journal? Who criticizes Atticus' self-righteous demeanor? What is the name of the book that is viewed as marginalizing black characters? What did a Canadian language arts consultant find that the novel resonated well with? What did Michael Lind say the novel indulges in? What does McWhorter say every child in the South has moments of racial cognitive dissonance? What does McWhorter believe that a white person from the South should write a book like To Kill a Mockingbird in the late 1950s? What does the National Geographic article say about the book in Monroeville? What do local residents call Lee's book "Mockingbird groupies"? What type of energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed? What type of energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed? Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed using a range of ever-evolving technologies? What type of energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed? How many terawatts of solar radiation does the Earth receive at the upper atmosphere? What percentage of solar radiation is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses? How many watts per square meter do most people around the world live in areas with insolation levels? How many terawatts of solar radiation does the Earth receive at the upper atmosphere? What percentage of solar radiation is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses? How many kWh/m2 per day do most people around the world live in areas with insolation levels? How is the rest of the Earth absorbed? How much of the globe is covered by solar radiation? What keeps the surface at an average temperature of 14 °C? What do green plants convert solar energy into? How much of the globe is covered by solar radiation? What causes atmospheric circulation or convection? What does water vapor condenses into when the airreaches a high altitude? What does the latent heat of water condensation amplify? What do green plants convert solar energy into? What is the total amount of solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses per year? How much energy did the world use in 2002? How many EJ per year does photosynthesis capture in biomass? How much energy did the world use in 2002? How many exajoules is the total solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses per year? How many EJ per year does photosynthesis capture in biomass? What is the amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planet? What does solar energy refer primarily to? What type of technologies are generally characterized as passive or active? What type of technologies are generally characterized as passive or active? What types of renewable energies derive their energy from the Sun in a direct or indirect way? What type of way do all renewable energies derive their energy from the Sun? What do passive solar techniques use to convert sunlight into useful outputs? What type of techniques are passive solar techniques? What do passive solar techniques use to convert sunlight into useful outputs? What do passive solar techniques include designing spaces that naturally circulate? What type of technologies increase the supply of energy and are considered supply side technologies? What type of technologies increase the supply of energy and are considered supply side technologies? Who built a small demonstration solar engine? In what year did Frank Shuman form the Sun Power Company? When did Frank Shuman patent the entire solar engine system? What type of engine did Frank Shuman build in 1897? When did Frank Shuman build a small demonstration solar engine? What did Shuman's black pipes powered? In what year did Frank Shuman form the Sun Power Company? When did Frank Shuman patent the entire solar engine system? Where was the world's first solar thermal power station built? How much water did Shuman pump per minute from the Nile River to adjacent cotton fields? In what decade did Shuman's vision and basic design resurrected? Where was the world's first solar thermal power station built? How much water did Shuman pump per minute from the Nile River to adjacent cotton fields? How much water did Shuman pump per minute from the Nile River to adjacent cotton fields? In what decade did Shuman's vision and basic design resurrected? In what decade did Shuman's vision and basic design resurrected? What percentage of hot water is used by solar heating systems in low geographical latitudes? What type of system uses sunlight to heat water? What percentage of the domestic hot water use can be provided by solar heating systems? What are the most common types of solar water heaters? What are the most common types of solar water heaters? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems as of 2007? What countries are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems as of 2007? How many GWth of solar hot water systems were installed in 2006? What countries are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? What is the dominant application of solar hot water? What percentage of energy is used in residential buildings? What percentage of energy is used in residential buildings? What percentage of energy is used in residential buildings? What can be used to offset a portion of the energy used in residential buildings? What is the name of the material that can be used to store heat? What is the name of the material that can be used to store heat? What are some common thermal mass materials? What can thermal mass be used to keep buildings cool? What type of climates have thermal mass been used to keep buildings cool? What does thermal mass reduce when properly incorporated? What is a solar chimney? What is a solar chimney? What is a solar chimney composed of? What can be improved by using glazing and thermal mass materials in a way that mimics? When are deciduous trees planted on the southern side of a building in the northern hemisphere or the northern side of the southern hemisphere? What has been promoted as a means of controlling solar heating and cooling? What is a balance between the benefits of summer shading and the loss of winter heating? Why should deciduous trees not be planted on the Equator facing side of a building? Where can deciduous trees be used to provide a degree of summer shading? When was the simplest solar cooker built? What is the temperature of a solar cooker? What do solar cookers use for? What are the three broad categories of solar cookers? Who built the simplest solar cooker? What is the typical temperature of a solar cooker? What is the temperature of a solar cooker? How many parabolic dishes did the first commercial system provide for a clothing factory? What makes transpired collectors a more cost-effective alternative to glazed collection systems? What type of technology can provide process heat for commercial and industrial applications? How many parabolic dishes did the first commercial system provide for a clothing factory? What is one of the oldest applications of solar energy? What is one of the oldest applications of solar energy? What are glazed transpired collectors used for? When was a large-scale solar distillation project first constructed? What can be used to make saline or brackish water potable? Who was the first recorded instance of solar distillation? When was a large-scale solar distillation project first constructed? What is the solar collection area of Las Salinas? What is the most economical for decentralized domestic purposes? Who recommends solar water disinfection as a viable method for household water treatment and safe storage? What are the Exposure times of SODIS? What is SODIS recommended by the World Health Organization? How many people in developing countries use SODIS for their daily drinking water? What does algae consume in photosynthesis? Solar energy can be used in a water stabilisation pond to treat waste water without what? What does algae consume in photosynthesis? By what year is solar power expected to become the world's largest source of electricity? By what year is solar power expected to become the world's largest source of electricity? What is the largest solar power plant in the world? What percentage of the world's total grid electricity was generated by solar in 2013? What is the largest solar power plant in the world? Where is the SEGS CSP plant located? Where is Charanka Solar Park located? Who constructed the first solar cell? When was the crystalline silicon solar cell created? photovoltaics has evolved from a pure niche market of small scale applications to becoming what? What is a device that converts light directly into electricity using the photoelectric effect? Who constructed the first solar cell? Who developed a photo cell using silver selenide in place of copper oxide? Who created the crystalline silicon solar cell in 1954? What is heated by the concentrated sunlight? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam? What is concentrated heat used for? What is the most developed concentrating technology? How is a working fluid heated in CSP systems? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What are the common features of passive solar architecture? What do well-lit spaces stay in when they are tailored to the local climate and environment? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What type of equipment can complement passive solar design? What is the name of the metropolitan area with higher temperatures than the surrounding environment? What is the estimated cost of a "cool communities" program in Los Angeles? What is the name of the metropolitan area with higher temperatures than the surrounding environment? What materials have lower albedos and higher heat capacities than those in the natural environment? What is a simple method of counteracting the UHI effect? What did French and English farmers use to maximize the collection of solar energy during the Little Ice Age? What do vinters use the energy generated by solar panels to power? What do agriculture and horticulture seek to optimize the capture of solar energy? What can improve crop yields? What did French and English farmers use to maximize the collection of solar energy during the Little Ice Age? How did fruit walls accelerated ripening of plants? When were Primitive greenhouses first used to produce cucumbers? When were the first greenhouses built in Europe? What do greenhouses convert solar light to? What do greenhouses convert to? Who was the emperor of the Roman Empire? When were the first greenhouses built in Europe? How many kilometers is the World Solar Challenge? What was the average speed of the World Solar Challenge in 1987? What is the World Solar Challenge? When was the World Solar Challenge founded? What was the average speed of the World Solar Challenge in 1987? What was the average speed of the World Solar Challenge in 2007? What are comparable competitions that reflect an international interest in the engineering and development of solar powered vehicles? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? Who made the first solar powered crossing of the Pacific Ocean in 1996? Who made the first solar powered crossing of the Pacific Ocean in 1996? What was the altitude of the Solar Riser in 1979? What electric aircraft is currently circumnavigating the globe? When did the AstroFlight Sunrise plane make the first solar flight? When did the Solar Riser make the first solar flight? When did the Solar Challenger cross the English Channel? In what year did Eric Scott Raymond fly from California to North Carolina? How long does Solar Impulse last? What is a feasible alternative to hydrogen production? What do solar chemical processes use to drive chemical reactions? What can a variety of fuels be produced by? What process is under development at the Weizmann Institute? What does the Solzinc process produce? What has been a significant area of solar chemical research since the 1970s? What type of process uses concentrators to split water into oxygen and hydrogen at high temperatures? What process is under development at the Weizmann Institute? What type of system can store solar energy in the form of heat? What type of system can store solar energy in the form of heat? What are some of the heat capacities of thermal storage systems? What can well-designed systems reduce? What is another thermal storage media? What was the first to use a Glauber's salt heating system? What is another thermal storage media? What is the temperature of a phase change material? Where was the first to use a Glauber's salt heating system? Why are salts an effective storage medium? How many terajoules does the Solar Two store in its storage tank? What type of PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity? What type of PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity? What gives household systems a credit for any electricity they deliver to the grid? What is handled by 'rolling back' the meter when the home produces more electricity than it consumes? What do most standard meters measure? What does the pump become when demand is high? What does pumped-storage hydroelectricity store energy? What does the pump become when demand is high? What year did the oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis cause a reorganization of energy policies around the world? What year did the oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis cause a reorganization of energy policies around the world? What incentive program did deployment strategies focus on? What is the name of the research facility in the US? What is the name of Japan's research facility? What is the name of Germany's research facility? What was replaced by cheaper and more reliable heating fuels? What is the growth rate of the solar water heating sector in the 1990s? When did commercial solar water heaters begin appearing in the US? Why did interest drop in solar water heating in the 1980s? What is the growth rate of the solar water heating sector in the 1990s? What is the most widely deployed solar technology? What has the International Energy Agency said that solar energy can help solve some of the most urgent problems the world faces? What has the International Energy Agency said that solar energy can help solve some of the most urgent problems the world faces? What does ISO 9050 refer to in building? What does ISO 10217 refer to? What does ISO 9050 refer to in building? What does ISO 9050 refer to in building? What is an important source of renewable energy? What type of systems are used to harness the energy? What do passive solar techniques include orienting a building to? What was the total world energy consumption in 2012? What was the potential of solar energy in 2000? What makes it a highly appealing source of electricity? What was the potential of solar energy in 2000? What does the International Energy Agency reliance on? What does the International Energy Agency say will reduce the costs of mitigating? What should the additional costs of incentives for early deployment be considered? What does the International Energy Agency want fossil fuel prices to keep lower? What factors limit the amount of solar energy that humans can acquire? Why does geography effect solar energy potential? The use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator? Why does time variation affect the potential of solar energy? Why can clouds block incoming light from the sun? Why can solar panels be set up on land that is unowned? What has been found to be a suitable place for solar cells? What factors did the World Energy Council take into account in 2000? What is the global potential of solar energy per year? What is solar power? What is the term for the conversion of sunlight into electricity? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight into? What does PV convert light into electric current? What has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history? Who first used solar architecture and urban planning methods? What type of architecture was first used by the Greeks and Chinese? What is a solar balloon filled with? What is the effect of the air inside a solar balloon? What is the surface-area to payload-weight ratio of a solar balloon? What is the surface-area to payload-weight ratio? Why did the early development of solar technologies begin in the 1860s? Why did solar technologies stagnate in the early 20th century? In what year did the International Energy Agency report that solar energy technologies could provide a third of the world's energy? What could the energy from the sun play a key role in de-carbonizing the global economy? What dynasty ruled Tajikistan? What are some of Tajikistan's kingdoms ruled by? What was the name of the city that now constitutes Tajikistan? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? When was a civil war fought in Tajikistan? What are some of Tajikistan's kingdoms ruled by? What dynasty ruled Tajikistan? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? When was a civil war fought in Tajikistan? How many Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan during World War II? How many Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan during World War II? How many Tajik citizens were killed during World War II? What campaign focused attention on Tajikistan? What were the factions of Tajikistan often distinguished by? What percentage of ministerial positions did the ceasefire guarantee? Who came to power in 1992? How many people fled Tajikistan during the civil war? What Russian border troops were stationed along the Tajik-Afghan border until 2005? Where are French troops stationed since the September 11, 2001 attacks? Where is the Ayni Air Base located? How long does the Ayni Air Base last? How many militants were killed in the ambush in the Rasht Valley in 2010? In what year did Russia send more troops to Tajikistan? When was the military operation in the Rasht Valley concluded? When did the militants escape from a Tajik prison? What is Tajikistan officially a? Who is the Prime Minister of Tajikistan? Who are the two Deputy Prime Ministers? When did Emomalii Rahmon hold the office of President of Tajikistan? Where does the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan have a vast majority? What do independent press outlets remain restricted? What type of protest does not receive coverage in the local media? What type of protest does not receive coverage in the local media? What does the Institute for War & Peace Reporting block? What is the smallest nation in Central Asia? What range is Tajikistan covered by? Where is Dushanbe located? What are the longitudes of Tajikistan? What river valleys form the Amu Darya? What is Tajik most likely the name of? What does Tajikistan mean? What is the suffix "-stan"? What year did the Library of Congress publish their Country Study of Tajikistan? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When did the Samanid Empire restore control of the region? What was the region known as? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When did the Samanid Empire restore control of the region? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When did the Samanid Empire restore control of the region? What was the region known as? What was the region known as? When was Transoxania temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese? When did the Umayyads control Transoxania? How long did the Kara-Khanid Khanate rule in Transoxania? What empire restored Persian control of the region? When did the Russian Empire conquest of Central Asia? Who controlled the Tajikistan portion of Russian Turkestan? In what decade did Russia try to switch cultivation from grain to cotton? What territory did Russia take control of between 1864 and 1885? Who was the vassal state of Tajikistan? What did the Jadidists establish themselves as in the late 19th century? What did the Russians view the Jadidists as a threat? When were uprisings against the Khanate of Kokand? When did demonstrators attack Russian soldiers in Khujand? What was the name of the guerrillas in Central Asia that waged a war against Bolshevik armies? What did the guerrillas try to do after the Russian Revolution? What did the Bolsheviks do after a four-year war? What was discouraged and repressed by Soviet authorities? In what year was the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic created? Where did collectivization of agriculture take place between 1927 and 1934? Between 1927 and 1934, what did collectivization of agriculture take place? What brought violence against peasants and forced resettlement throughout Tajikistan? How many people were expelled from Tajikistan's Communist Party? How many people were expelled from Tajikistan's Communist Party? Who were sent in to replace those expelled? What was the percentage of Russians in Tajikistan's population between 1926 and 1959? What was the top position of Tajikistan's Communist Party of Tajikistan? How many seats did the PDPT lose in February 2010? What did the parliamentary elections of 2005 accuse Emomalii Rahmon of corruptly manipulating? Who said the 2010 polling failed to meet many key OSCE commitments? What did the government insisted that minor violations had occurred? How many people live in Tajikistan in 2013? How many people live in Tajikistan in 2013? What is the area of Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? Pakistan is separated by what Corridor? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? How many people live in Tajikistan in 2013? How many people live in Tajikistan in 2013? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? When did Tajikistan become part of the Achaemenid Empire? When was Tajikistan part of the Achaemenid Empire? When did Tajikistan become part of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom? What tribes did the Kushan Empire consist of? When did the Hephthalite Empire move into the region? Who brought Islam in the early eighth century? When did the Kushan Empire take control of the region? What was Tajikistan's GDP in 2000-2007? What are the primary sources of income in Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's agricultural output is cotton? What is the largest aluminium plant in Central Asia? What are Tajikistan's rivers? What do Tajikistan's rivers have? What is the highest dam in the world? What is a planned project that will transmit 1000 MW of surplus electricity from Tajikistan to Pakistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population lives on less than US$1.25 per day? How much did remittances from Tajik labour migrants total in 2010? What is Tajikistan's main commodity of comparative advantage? What has been unprecedented in their magnitude and economic impact? What is the major illegal source of income in Tajikistan? What is being achieved with the assistance of the US, Russian, EU and Afghan authorities? What is Tajikistan's third place in the world for heroin and raw opium confiscations? What agency did UNODC work with Tajikistan to strengthen border crossings, provide training, and set up joint interdiction teams? What country has no ports? What countries has Tajikistan pursued agreements to gain port access via Afghanistan? How many kilometers did Tajikistan's highway and rail system connect to Pakistan's ports? When did Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran sign an agreement to construct roads and railways? How many airports did Tajikistan have in 2009? What is Tajikistan's main airport? What is the main airport in Tajikistan? What is the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of Tajikistan? What is the population of Tajikistan? What is the population of Tajikistan? What is the population of Tajikistan? What is the population of Tajik istan? What are all citizens of Tajikistan called? What are the Pamiri people of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the southeast? What are the Pamiri people of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the southeast? Where are the Pamiris located? What is the name of the Sunni Islam of the Hanafi school? What does Tajikistan's Constitution provide? What are the two Islamic holidays in Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is Muslim? What does minority religious groups undermine? What is a concern for religious institutions becoming active in? What Islamic party aims for overthrow of secular governments and the unification of Tajiks under one Islamic state? What does Hizb ut-Tahrir aim for? Who must register with the SCRA? What does registration with the SCRA require? What are religious groups that do not have a physical structure not allowed to gather publicly for prayer? What can a Failure to register result in? What is the problem with Tajikistan's poor system? How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan in 2000? What was the public expenditure on health in Tajikistan in 2004? What did the Tajik government and the World Bank consider activities to support? How long is public education in Tajikistan? How long is public education in Tajikistan? How many departments does Khujand State University have? What was the tertiary education enrollment in Tajikistan in 2008? What is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present? What does linguistic anthropology investigate? What is the main subdivision of anthropology? What does linguistic anthropology investigate? Where is Archaeology thought to be a branch of anthropology? When was the Anthropological Society of Vienna founded? When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded? When was the American Anthropological Association founded? When was the Anthropological Society of Madrid founded? What did Rudolph Virchow believe Darwin's conclusions lacked? How many decades of the 19th century did a proliferation of anthropological societies and associations occur? How many decades of the 19th century did a proliferation of anthropological societies and associations occur? Who belonged to the major theorists? How many educational institutions had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898? How many educational institutions had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898? When did Franz Boas and Bronisaw Malinowski work? What is Margaret Mead's advocacy for? Social anthropology in the US has been distinguished from other social sciences by its emphasis on what? What was Boas' argument against? Cultural anthropology has emphasized cultural relativism, holism, and the use of findings to frame what? What is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? What is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? What is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? Where did early anthropology originate? What new fields have anthropology been central in? Sociocultural anthropology has been heavily influenced by what? When did the epistemological shift away from positivist traditions take place? When did the epistemological shift away from positivist traditions take place? What type of anthropology remained largely positivist? How many sub-fields of anthropology have lacked cohesion over the last several decades? Sociocultural anthropology draws together the principle axes of what? Sociocultural anthropology draws together the principle axes of what? What does social anthropology help develop understanding of? There is no hard-and-fast distinction between what categories? What is the comparative study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them? What is the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values? What does ethnography refer to? What is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology? What can the process of participant-observation be especially helpful to understanding a culture from an emic point of view? What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderate? What type of anthropology covers economic and political organization, law and conflict resolution, patterns of consumption and exchange, material culture, technology, infrastructure, gender relations, ethnicity, childrearing and socialization? What does sociocultural anthropology cover? The study of kinship and social organization is a central focus of what type of anthropology? What type of anthropology covers economic and political organization, law and conflict resolution, patterns of consumption and exchange, material culture, technology, infrastructure, gender relations, ethnicity, childrearing and socialization? What does sociocultural anthropology cover? What is the study of the human past through its material remains? What do archaeologists examine the material remains of past societies? What is the purpose of ethnoarchaeology? What are past human groups presumed to have lived in? What are artifacts, faunal remains, and human altered landscapes evidence of? What type of anthropology seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal? What is the branch of anthropology linking the analysis of linguistic forms and processes to? What is another term for anthropological linguistics? What fields do Linguistic anthropologists often draw on? What is one of the central problems in the anthropology of art? What are the Western categories of 'painting','sculpture', or 'literature' conceived as? What do anthropologists of art focus on? When was Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' published? What is Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System'? Who created a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850? Who created a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850? Who created a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850? Where was the National Museum of Natural History located? What was the name of the first anthropologists to use Ethnology? What are the intellectual results of the comparative methods developed in the earlier 19th century? What were theorists beginning to suspect that similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of? What did theorists believe similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of? Who published On the Origin of Species? What type of species did Darwin see in agronomy and in the wild? Who unveiled evolution in the late 1850s? What was the immediate rush to bring evolution into? Who was in the process of breaking away from the Société de biologie to form the first of the explicitly anthropological societies? Who was in the process of breaking away from the Société de biologie to form the first of the explicitly anthropological societies? What was the name of the French called evolutionism? What was Broca today called? What did Broca take an interest in? What was Broca's area called after? What is the name of the German philosopher that specializing in Biological anthropology? What was Broca's interest in Biological anthropology? What did Waitz define anthropology as? What did Waitz mean by nature? What does Waitz say anthropology is a new field? What must the data of comparison be? What is to be brought into the comparison? Who was Waitz influential among? Who broke away from the Ethnological Society of London in 1863? Who broke away from the Ethnological Society of London in 1863? Who was present in the Anthropological Society of London? Who was influential among the British ethnologists? In the 20th century, how many anthropology departments were there? What has diversified from a few major subdivisions to dozens more? What type of archaeologist can recreate the final scene? What can a forensic archaeologist use to recreate? How many nations are there in the World Council of Anthropological Associations? What type of studies emphasizes ethnographic studies as a means of understanding producers, audiences, and other cultural and social aspects of mass media? What type of studies emphasizes ethnographic studies as a means of understanding producers, audiences, and other cultural and social aspects of mass media? When did radio, the press, new media and television begin to make their presences felt? What are the types of ethnographic contexts explored? What type of anthropology is a relatively new area of internet research? What is the focus of visual anthropology? What is the focus of visual anthropology? What type of representations are included in the focus of visual anthropology? What is the term used interchangeably with? What does economic anthropology attempt to explain in its widest historic, geographic and cultural scope? What does economic anthropology attempt to explain in its widest historic, geographic and cultural scope? What discipline does economic anthropology have a complex relationship with? Who was the founder of Anthropology? Who was the founder of Anthropology? What is the application of the theories and methods of Historical Materialism to the traditional concerns of anthropology? Who introduced questions of history and colonialism to ahistorical anthropological theories of social structure and culture? Who worked on Hunter-gatherers as the 'original affluent society'? What type of wars did many of the world's population participate in? What type of capitalism did Political Economists have more directly addressed? What does Applied Anthropology refer to? What is Applied Anthropology? What is Applied Anthropology? What is the practical side of anthropological research? What is the practical side of anthropological research? What does Anthropology of development tend to view development from a critical perspective? What is poverty increasing if a key development goal is to alleviate? What is poverty if a key development goal is to alleviate poverty? What is there a gap between plans and outcomes? Why is development so externally driven rather than having an internal basis? How can kinship refer to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures? What type of kinship does anthropology develop over its history? How long has anthropology developed a number of related concepts and terms? What is the term for a person related by descent? What is another term for a kinship? How many field approaches does Feminist anthropology seek to reduce? How many field approaches does Feminist anthropology seek to reduce? What do Feminist anthropologists claim their research helps to correct? What are Feminist anthropologists centrally concerned with? What is Feminist anthropology inclusive of? What is a synthetic concept that deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security? What does nutritional anthropology deal with? What is the interplay between culture and biology connected to? What affects the overall potential for economic development for any given group of people? What is a synthetic concept that deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security? What is an interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology? What does psychological anthropology focus on? What does psychological anthropology focus on? What does psychological anthropology focus on? What do the understanding of cognition, emotion, motivation, and similar psychological processes inform or constrain our models of cultural and social processes? Cognitive anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation, and transmission over time and space using what? Cognitive anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation, and transmission over time and space using what? Cognitive anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation, and transmission over time and space using the methods and theories of what? Cognitive anthropology is concerned with what people from different groups know and how that implicit knowledge changes the way people perceive and relate to the world around them? Political anthropology concerns the structure of political systems, looked at from the basis of what? Political anthropology concerns the structure of political systems, looked at from the basis of what? When did political anthropology develop as a discipline concerned primarily with politics in stateless societies? When did political anthropology develop as a discipline concerned primarily with politics in stateless societies? Who wrote a comparative work on "Negara"? In what year was the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting? When was the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting? What was the sub-focus group of cyborg anthropology closely related to? Who first explored the philosophical and sociological ramifications of the term Cyborg Manifesto? What do modern technological systems have that have reflexively shaped notions of what it means to be human beings? What is a sub-specialty in the field of anthropology that takes an active role in examining the relationships between humans and their environment across space and time? What is the contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology? What do many characterize the new perspective of environmental anthropology as more informed with culture, politics and power, globalization, localized issues, and more? What is often used for arguments for/against or creation of policy? What is Melissa Checker's relationship with? How does Ethnohistory study ethnographic cultures and indigenous customs? What is Ethnohistory the study of? What does Ethnohistory use as its foundation? What do the historical methods and materials of Ethnohistory go beyond? What do practitioners recognize the utility of? What is Urban anthropology concerned with? In what decade did Ulf Hannerz say traditional anthropologists were a notoriously agoraphobic lot? In what decade did Ulf Hannerz say traditional anthropologists were a notoriously agoraphobic lot? How many principle approaches are there in urban anthropology? How many principle approaches are there in urban anthropology? What is anthrozoology also known as? What is the study of interaction between living things? What does anthrozoology overlap with? What is a major focus of anthrozoologic research? What fields does anthrozoology include? What is the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of human physiology and human behaviour? What is Evolutionary anthropology based on? What is Evolutionary anthropology concerned with? What fields does Evolutionary anthropology bring together? What is a dynamic and interdisciplinary field? What type of commitments in anthropology include noticing and documenting genocide, infanticide, racism, mutilation, and torture? What type of commitments in anthropology include noticing and documenting genocide, infanticide, racism, mutilation, and torture? What are some of the causes of Man's inhumanity to man? What are some of the causes of Man's inhumanity to man? What is one way to illustrate the depth of an anthropological approach? Who were Boas' anthropologist contemporaries active in the allied war effort against? What were some of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries active in? Where did many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries serve? What did many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries serve in? What was David H. Price's work on American anthropology during the Cold War? What do professional anthropological bodies often object to the use of anthropology for? What do professional anthropological bodies object to the use of anthropology for the benefit of the state? What does the Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth call certain scholarship ethically dangerous? What is the current 'Statement of Professional Responsibility'? What does the AAA's current 'Statement of Professional Responsibility' state? Who is working with the US military as part of the US Army's strategy in Afghanistan? What is the US Army's strategy in? What program does the Christian Science Monitor report that counterinsurgency efforts focus on? Where are HTS teams working with? What does CEAUSSIC suggest that the AAA emphasize? What are anthropologists interested in? What are anthropologists interested in? What do modern population genetics, participant observation and other techniques often take anthropologists into? What does "in the field" mean? What type of anthropologists often take anthropologists "in the field" to do something calledfieldwork? What do anthropologists typically divide the world up into? How is human time on Earth divided into relevant cultural traditions? What kind of traditions do anthropologists and geographers share? What kind of traditions do anthropologists and geographers share? What has anthropologists developed by making comparisons across cultural traditions and cultural regions? What did some authors argue anthropology originated and developed as? What do some authors argue that anthropology originated and developed as the study of? What do some authors argue that anthropology originated and developed as the study of "other cultures"? Who wrote the seminal Exploring the City: Inquiries Toward an Urban Anthropology? When did anthropologists start to look "across the tracks"? Where is ethnographic research set in the 1980s? What is the purpose of ethnographic research in the North Atlantic region? What is the focus of ethnographic research in the North Atlantic region? Where is research set in the North Atlantic region? When did social and cultural anthropologists set ethnographic research in the North Atlantic region? What happened to Joseph I in 1758? What family was implicated and executed after a quick trial? Who were the Jesuits expelled from the country? When did Joseph I make his loyal minister Count of Oeiras? Who did Sebastio de Melo prosecute? When was "Marquis of Pombal" made? When did Joseph I die? What did historians argue that Pombal's "enlightenment" was primarily a mechanism for? What did the new Count of Oeiras know after the Távora affair? What did historians argue that Pombal's "enlightenment" was primarily a mechanism for? Who was the occupation of Portugal? In what year did Portugal become the capital of the Portuguese Empire? What was Portugal's largest colonial possession? What were the two countries that formed the Kingdom of Portugal in 1815? When did Portugal begin a slow but inexorable decline? What was the name of the British troops that fought against the French Invasion of Portugal? When did the Liberal Revolution begin in Porto? Where did the Liberal Revolution begin? What was the name of the British troops that fought against the French Invasion of Portugal? Why were Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, and scientific apparatus expanded and highly modernized? When did railway tracks like the Benguela railway start to be built? When was the Conference of Berlin? What did the Scramble do to protect the Portuguese interests in the continent? What did the Scramble do to protect the Portuguese interests in the continent? What coastal towns were founded in the 20th century? When did Dom Carlos I of Portugal die? When was Portugal declared bankrupt? Who became the new king of Portugal? When was the revolution that abolished the regime and instated republicanism in Portugal? What was fertile ground for chaos and unrest during the Portuguese First Republic? What was the name of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo? When did the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo begin? How many European countries did Portugal remain neutral in World War II? What were the main targets of the new economic development projects? What are some of the international organizations that Portugal is a member of? Which country has the 18th highest Social Progress in the world? Which country has the 18th highest Social Progress in the world? What other Western European countries are ranked in the ranking of Social Progress in Portugal? In what year did Portugal decriminalize the usage of all common drugs? What did Pelayos plan to use the Cantabrian mountains as? What did Pelayos plan to use the Cantabrian mountains as? When was the Battle of Covadonga? When was the Battle of Covadonga? What was the Portuguese name for the war of Christian reconquest? Why was the Kingdom of Asturias divided into a number of Christian Kingdoms in Northern Spain? Who knighted Vimara Peres? When did King Alfonso III knight Vimara Peres? Who knighted Vimara Peres? What was the county of Portugal known as? What culture did the people of County of Portugal struggle to maintain the autonomy of Galicia? What did Galician-Portuguese lose its unity when the County of Portugal separated from the Kingdom of Galicia? How did the people of County of Portugal find themselves struggling to maintain the autonomy of Galicia? What is the Castilian Language known as? What language is the Castilian Language? Who was the daughter of Leopold Josef? Who was the 1st Marquis of Pombal? What country was Sebastio José de Carvalho e Melo? What country was Sebastio José de Carvalho e Melo? Who recalled Melo to Portugal in 1749? What was the new city centre of Lisbon designed to resist? How were the effects of an earthquake simulated? How long was Lisbon already being rebuilt? What is one of Lisbon's tourist attractions? What was Sebastio de Melo's inquiry sent to? What is the name of the country on the Iberian Peninsula? Where is Portugal located? What is the westernmost country of mainland Europe? How long is the Portugal-Spain border? What are the Atlantic archipelagos of? What is the name of the country on the Iberian Peninsula? Where is Portugal located? What is the westernmost country of mainland Europe? What is the westernmost country of mainland Europe? How long is the Portugal-Spain border? Who were the Celts and the Romans followed by? Who were the Celts and the Romans followed by? When did Portugal establish itself as a kingdom independent from León? What did Portugal pioneer in the 15th and 16th centuries? When did the Age of Discovery begin? In what year did Portugal lose much of its wealth and status? In what year did Portugal lose much of its wealth and status? When was the Portuguese First Republic established? What was the exception to the Portuguese First Republic? How many Portuguese speakers live today? What was the Romano-Celtic name for Portugal? Who settled the region of Portugal? Who were the origins of the region? When did the Roman Republic dominate the Gallaecia? What is Alenquer? When did Lusitania gain the status of Roman province? What is the northern province of Lusitania known as? What is one of the largest Roman settlements in Portugal? What is castros? How far from Coimbra is Conmbriga? How long did the Umayyad Caliphate defeat the Visigoths? When did the land that is now Portugal become part of the Umayyad Caliphate's empire of Damascus? When did the Umayyad Caliphate's empire of Damascus collapse? Who established the Emirate of Córdoba? How long did the Emirate become the Caliphate of Córdoba? Who were the governors of the taifas each proclaimed themselves Emir of their provinces? Who did the governors of the taifas establish diplomatic relations with? Who fell under the dominion of the Taifa of Badajoz of the Aftasid Dynasty? When did the Almoravids come from Morocco? Where did the Almoravids win a decisive victory in the Taifa period? What is the so-called Islam? Where were the Arabs principally noblemen from? What mountains were the Berbers originally from? Where did the Muslim population stay in Portugal? How many words are there in the Portuguese language of Arabic origin? Who was the eldest son of Alfonso? Where did Ordoo reign? What did Fruela receive asturias with Oviedo? When did Alfonso die? When was the Kingdom of Castile incorporated? In what year was Portugal devastated by the Black Death? What was the longest-standing alliance in the world? What was the longest-standing alliance in the world? What is Portugal regarded as the predecessor to? Where is there visible English influence to this day? What was the name of the European exploration that Portugal spearheaded? Who was Prince Henry the Navigator? What Atlantic archipelagos did Portugal explore during the Age of Discovery? Where did Portugal discover an eastern route to India? What country did Portugal discover via the Cape of Good Hope? What increased the King's confidence in de Melo? Who was Sebastio de Melo made Prime Minister by 1755? What was Sebastio de Melo's economic success? When was Sebastio de Melo made Prime Minister? When was Sebastio de Melo made Prime Minister? What were Sebastio de Melo's greatest reforms? What did Sebastio de Melo do for the production of Port? Who did Sebastio de Melo's reforms gain enemies in the upper classes? Who ruled with a strong hand by imposing strict law upon all classes of Portuguese society from the high nobility to the poorest working class? What class did Sebastio de Melo impose strict law on? When did the Portuguese government and army successfully resisted the decolonization of its overseas territories? Where did the left-wing military coup take place in 1974? What was PREC characterized by? What country was governed by a Junta de Salvaço Nacional until 1976? Who won the Junta de Salvaço Nacional? Who won the Junta de Salvaço Nacional? When did Mário Soares become Prime Minister? What model did Portugal adhere to? When was the Portuguese Constitution approved? What was the Portuguese Constitution rewritten to accommodate? What is the average temperature in mainland Portugal? What is the average temperature in mainland Portugal? What is the average temperature in mainland Portugal? How tall is the Algarve in Alto de Fóia? Which archipelagos have a subtropical climate? What makes weather predictions difficult in the Azores and Madeira archipelagos? What type of climate has the Azores been identified as? What is the largest continuous area in the Madeira main island? When did the subtropical laurissilva forest date back to? Why are Pyrenean oak and other local native trees colonizing many abandoned areas? What were Boars found recently roaming at night in large urban areas? How many natural parks are in Portugal? What type of rainforest is Laurisilva? What species of mammalian fauna is seen near Rio Minho? What is Portugal an important stopover for? How many freshwater fish species are in the Tagus International Natural Park? Where is the giant European catfish located? Why are some of the rare and specific species highly endangered? What type of species are well represented? How long is the term of the President? Who is the current President? How many deputies are in the Assembly of the Republic? How many deputies are in the Assembly of the Republic? How many members of the Constitutional Court oversee the constitutionality of the laws? What two political parties dominate the Assembly of the Republic, Regional Assemblies and local municipalities and parishes? Where does Portugal operate a multi-party system of competitive legislatures? What is the name of the Democratic and Social Centre? What percentage of the vote does the Democratic and Social Centre garner? Who is the Head of State of Portugal? How long is the term of the Head of State of Portugal? What is the term for the President of the Republic? Who is the Head of State of Portugal? Which government is required to define the broad outline of its policies in a programme? How is each government required to define the broad outline of its policies in a programme? The failure of the Assembly to reject the government programme by an absolute majority of deputies confirms the cabinet in office? What is the major influence of Portuguese law in the former colonies and territories? Where does the Polcia de Segurança Pblica work? What is the name of Portugal's main police organizations? What is the name of Portugal's main police organizations? When did Portugal decriminalize possession of all drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations? How many days worth of personal use are still punishable by jail time and fines? What are people caught with small amounts of a drug given the choice to go to? What was the percentage of HIV infection cases in Portugal in 2009? How many civil parishes are there in Portugal? How many civil parishes are there in Portugal? How many districts is Continental Portugal agglomerated into? How many branches do the armed forces have? What are the three branches of the armed forces? What is the purpose of the armed forces? How many active personnel were in the armed forces in 2008? What percentage of Portuguese military expenditure was in 2009? How many brigades does the Army have? What type of brigade is the Army's infantry brigade mainly equipped with? What is the main combat aircraft in the Army? What is the Rapid Reaction Brigade? How many frigates does the Navy have? In what century did Portugal engage in two major conflicts? When was the Portuguese Colonial War? Where have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions? In what year did the Portuguese Armed Forces intervene in Angola? What did Pedro Passos Coelho manage to implement after the bailout? What did Pedro Passos Coelho want to improve after the bailout? What did the Portuguese government do to improve the state's financial situation? What was the average wage cut in 2012? In what year was a report released by the Diário de Notcias? How did the Portuguese Republic governments encourage over-expenditure and investment bubbles? In what year was a report released by the Diário de Notcias? When was the financial crisis? What two Portuguese banks had been accumulating losses for years due to bad investments, embezzlement and accounting fraud? What were the two Portuguese banks accumulating in 2008-2009? Who was charged and arrested for fraud and other crimes? What were the two Portuguese banks accumulating in 2008-2009? What is the Portuguese currency? What was the name of the Portuguese currency? What is Portugal's central bank? Where are most industries, businesses and financial institutions concentrated? What are the biggest economic centres outside of the Lisbon and Porto metropolitan areas? When was the Carnation Revolution? When did Portugal try to adapt to a changing modern global economy? What is Portugal's public consumption-based economic development model focused on? What is the world's leading cork producer? What is the world's leading cork producer? Who bailed Portugal out of the 21st century? When was the bailout agreed to? How much money did Portugal receive from the bailout? When did Portugal exit the bailout? What was Portugal's unemployment rate at the time of the bailout? What is agriculture in Portugal based on? What are some of the companies that support agriculture in Portugal? What type of mushrooms are produced in Portugal? What types of crops does Portugal produce? What is the world's oldest active canned fish producer? What are the names of the companies that export Portuguese processed fish products? What sector has Portugal had a strong tradition in? What is Portugal ranked among Europe's leading copper producers? What is Portugal a notable producer of? What is a limitation that has hindered the development of Portugal's mining and metallurgy sectors? Where does Portugal have iron and coal reserves? What resulted in a decrease in extraction activity for Portugal's iron and coal reserves? What are the two main industries in the Portuguese aerospace industry? What are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry? What is one of the largest foreign direct investment projects in Portugal? Who leads the Portuguese aerospace industry? Where are many major biotechnology and information technology industries concentrated? What type of attractions are often cheaper in countries such as Croatia? What type of attractions are often cheaper in countries such as Croatia? What does Portugal focus on to stay ahead of its competitors? What are some of Portugal's niche attractions? Who explored the poor performance of the Portuguese economy in April 2007? How many unemployed citizens were in Portugal in 2007? What was the unemployment rate by early December 2009? What was Standard & Poor's' long-term credit assessment of Portugal? When did Moody's downgrade its long-term credit assessment of Portugal? What did Sócrates say the country would request financial assistance from? What was the third time the Portuguese government requested external financial aid from the IMF? What was the first time the Portuguese government requested external financial aid from the IMF? Why did Moody's Investor Services downgrade nine Portuguese banks? What was the average number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in the Portuguese government in 2005? What was the average number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in the Portuguese government in 2005? What was Portugal's justice system internationally known as? What country has one of the highest rates of judges and prosecutors? How many people are in Portugal's justice system in 2011? How many jobs will be cut in the public sector in May 2013? What will the number of weekly working hours be increased from? What is the overall plan to enact over a three-year period? Who did Coelho explain that austerity measures are necessary if Portugal seeks to avoid another bailout grant? What was the retirement age of Passos Coelho? What did Passos Coelho announce that the retirement age will be increased from 65 to 66? What did Passos Coelho abolish in Basic Education? What have these policies led to? When was the unemployment rate in Portugal falling? What was the unemployment rate in Portugal in the second quarter of 2015? 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What are the names of the pianists in the classical music domain? Who is Guilhermina Suggia? Who is the student of Lus de Freitas Branco? Which contemporary composers have achieved some international success writing original music for film and television? What was the name of the most prominent Portuguese painters in the 20th century? Who influenced Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso? What is one of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso's best-known works? What are some of the prominent international figures in visual arts nowadays? What is the most popular sport in Portugal? What is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history? Who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or? Who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or? Who are the most renowned Portuguese football managers? What are the largest sports clubs by popularity and number of trophies won? What are the trophies won by SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP? How many titles have SL Benfica won in the European UEFA club competitions? 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Bush of not "car[ing] about black people"? Who was unaware of the cut? Who did West say did not care about black people? What was Bush's reaction to the apology? Who was interviewed for the Today show in 2010? Who rebuked West for performing at the wedding of Nursultan Nazarbayev's grandson? How much did West pay for his performance? What country has one of the poorest human rights records in the world? Who rebuked West for performing at the wedding of Nursultan Nazarbayev's grandson? Who did West join in refusing to perform in Arizona after the 2010 implementation of stop and search laws? Why did Sting cancel performances in Kazakhstan? How many children did Jimmy Kimmel live! have? What did Kimmel say West called him to demand before taping? How many children did Jimmy Kimmel live! have? How many children did Jimmy Kimmel live! have? How many children did Jimmy Kimmel live! have? What was the name of West's radio interview? 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When did the Yeezy Season collaboration with Adidas begin? What is a nontheistic religion? Who was the Buddha attributed to? Where did Gautama Buddha live? What do Buddhists believe is achieved through the direct understanding and perception of? What did Gautama Buddha share his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering? What is a nontheistic religion? Who was the Buddha attributed to? When did Gautama Buddha live and teach in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent? Where did Gautama Buddha live? Who was the Buddha attributed to? Where did Gautama Buddha live? When did Gautama Buddha live and teach in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent? Who was the Buddha attributed to? Where did Gautama Buddha live? Where did Gautama Buddha live? Who was the Buddha attributed to? What two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars? What is a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas? Where does Theravada have a widespread following? Mahayana includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai? How many Buddhists are in Theravada? How many branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars? What is a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas? What is a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas? What is Vajrayana attributed to? What is Theravada called? What is the ultimate goal of Theravada Buddhism? What is the ultimate goal of Nirvana? What does the bodhisattva path do? What does Tibetan Buddhism aspire to? What is the Noble Eightfold Path also known as? What is the Noble Eightfold Path also known as? Tibetan Buddhism aspires to what? What is the Noble Eightfold Path also known as? Mahayana Buddhism aspires to what via the bodhisattva path? What does the Noble Eightfold Path escape? What are the foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice? What are some of the practices of Buddhist schools? What are the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What are the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What does Buddhism deny a creator deity? What is the purpose of the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What are the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What story is ascribed to Buddhaghoa in the 5th century CE? What biographies did the Buddhacarita, Lokottaravdin Mahvastu, and the Sarvstivdin Lalitavistara Stra give different accounts? What did most scholars accept about the Buddha's life? When was the Theravada ascribed to Buddhaghoa? What biographies did the Lokottaravdin Mahvastu and the Sarvstivdin Lalitavistara Stra give different accounts? In what century did the Jataka tales of the Theravada come from? In what century did the Jataka tales of the Theravada come from? What do most of the biographies of the Buddha accept? What story is ascribed to Buddhaghoa in the 5th ce ntury CE? Who wrote the biography of the Buddha? What are some reasons to doubt the traditional account? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? Who was Siddhatta Gotama's disciples? Who was Siddhatta Gotama's disciples? Who wrote the biography of the Buddha? Who did Karen Armstrong write a biography of? Who was Siddhatta Gotama's disciples? When was Siddhrtha Gautama born? Where was Siddhrtha Gautama born? What was Siddhrtha Gautama's father's name? Where was Siddhrtha Gautama born? When was Siddhrtha Gautama born? What was Siddhrtha Gautama's father's name? Where was Siddhrtha Gautama born? What was Siddhrtha Gautama's father an oligarch? Where was Siddhrtha Gautama born? What was Siddhrtha Gautama's father? Who prophesied Siddhartha to become a holy man? What would Siddhartha do to become a great king? What would Siddhartha renounce to become a holy man? Who prophesied Siddhartha to become a holy man? Who was the father of Gautama? Who prophesied Siddhartha to become a holy man? Who prophesied Siddhartha to become a holy man? Who was the father of Gautama? What did Siddhartha renounce the material world to become? What did Gautama prevent him from leaving? At what age did Gautama venture beyond the palace? What did Gautama learn of in a series of encounters? What did Gautama encounter in a series of encounters? What did uddhodana want his son to become? At what age did Gautama venture beyond the palace? What are the four sights that Gautama learned of? What did Gautama abandon? What did uddhodana want his son to become? At what age did Gautama venture beyond the palace? How many sights did Gautama encounter? How many sights did Gautama encounter? Who did Gautama first go to study with? What do Buddhists call the Middle Way? What was Gautama's exposure to? What did Gautama dedicate himself to? What religious pursuit did Gautama attempt? What did Gautama accept from a village girl? What do Buddhists call the Middle Way? What did Gautama find to be a permanent end to? What did Gautama accept from a village girl? What do Buddhists call the Middle Way? What do Buddhists call the Middle Way? When was Gautama determined to complete his spiritual quest? What tree did Gautama vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment? What did Gautama teach him? When did Gautama die? What is the south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka known as? What tree did Gautama vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment? What tree did Gautama vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment? When did Gautama die? What tree did Gautama vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment? What tree did Gautama vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment? What tree did Gautama vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment? What is the south branch of the original fig tree available only in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka known as? What is samsara defined as? What is avidya? What is dukkha? What is possible by following the Buddhist path? What is samsara characterized by? What does samsara refer to? What is avidya? How is liberation from samsara possible? What is samsara defined as? What does samsara refer to? What does samsara refer to? What is samsara characterized by? How is liberation from samsara possible? What is the term for Karma? What is the force that drives the cycle of suffering and rebirth for each being? What is the term for the avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions? What does Karma refer to? What is the term for Karma? What is the term for the avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions? What does Karma refer to? What does Karma refer to? What is the force that drives the cycle of suffering and rebirth for each being? What is the term for the avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions? What is phala "fruit" or vipka? What does Theravada Buddhism mean? Which Mahayana sutras claim that the recitation of mantras can expunge great swathes of negative karma? What is one form of Buddhism that regard the recitation of mantras as a means for cutting off previous negative karma? Who taught that Amitbha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? What does Theravada Buddhism mean? Who taught that Amitbha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? What does Theravada Buddhism mean? What does Theravada Buddhism mean? Who taught that Amitbha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? Who taught that Amitbha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? What is a process where beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What doctrine rejects the concepts of a permanent self or an unchanging, eternal soul? What must be understood as the continuation of a dynamic, ever-changing process of prattyasamutpda? What is the term for a process where beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What is the name of the laws of cause and effect? What is a process where beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What do Buddhists refer to themselves as? What must be understood as the continuation of a dynamic, ever-changing process of prattyasamutpda? What does the doctrine of anatt reject? Who can attained rebirths in some of the higher heavens? What is the highest object of meditation in the arpajhnas? How many planes of existence are there? What are some of the higher heavens known as? How many planes of existence are there? What are the rpyadhtu? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? How many planes of existence are there? What is the highest object of meditation? What are the rpyadhtu? What is the name of the intermediate state between one life and the next? Who rejects the idea that the Buddha taught an intermediate stage between one life and the next? Who rejects the idea that the Buddha taught an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What is the term for the intermediate state between one life and the next? Who rejects the idea that the Buddha taught an intermediate stage between one life and the next? Who rejects the idea that the Buddha taught an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What is the name of the intermediate state between one life and the next? What is the name of the intermediate state between one life and the next? Who rejects the idea that the Buddha taught an intermediate stage between one life and the next? Who rejects the idea that the Buddha taught an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What are the teachings on the Four Noble Truths regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What are the four truths on the Four Noble Truths? What are the teachings on the Four Noble Truths regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What is dukkha? What are the teachings on the Four Noble Truths regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What is the nature of dukkha? What does the first truth explain? What is dukkha commonly translated as? How many aspects of dukkha are there? What is dukkha commonly translated as? What is dukkha commonly translated as? How many aspects of dukkha are there? What is dukkha commonly translated as? How many aspects of dukkha are there? How many aspects of dukkha are there? What is the second truth about the origin of dukkha? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the third noble truth? What is the fourth noble truth that identifies a path to the complete cessation of dukkha? What is the second truth that the origin of dukkha can be known? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the second truth about the origin of dukkha? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the root cause of dukkha identified as? What is the second truth about the origin of dukkha? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What does the Noble Eightfold Path lead to? What are the eight factors that lead to the cessation of dukkha? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What does the Noble Eightfold Path lead to? What are the eight factors that lead to the cessation of dukkha? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What does the Noble Eightfold Path lead to? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other? How many dimensions of one's behaviour are they understood as? How many dimensions of one's behaviour are they understood as? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other? What did Gautama combine the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with? What did Gautama use to create a new kind of human? What are brahmaviharas, divine abodes, and brahmaviharas also known as? What are the four Immeasurables taught as a form of meditation that cultivates wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings? What does the Four Immeasurables cultivate? What practice did Gautama combine with his teacher Kalama? What did Gautama use to create a new kind of human? What did Gautama combine with Kalama's yoga practice? What practice did Gautama combine with his teacher Kalama? What are the four Immeasurables taught as a form of meditation that cultivates wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings? When did Gautama Buddha discover the Middle Way? Who discovered the Middle Way? When did Gautama Buddha discover the Middle Way? What have Buddhist scholars produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts? What do some schools of Buddhism discourage? What have Buddhist scholars produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts? What do some schools of Buddhism discourage? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What is the cycle of incessant rebirths? What is the term for liberation? What is the term for liberation? What is the cycle of incessant rebirths? How many marks of existence did the Buddha recommend? What does Impermanence say all compounded or conditioned phenomena are? What is the doctrine of impermanence? What is the doctrine of impermanence? What is impermanence dependent on? What is impermanence? What is the term for the cycle of rebirth? What does the doctrine of impermanence say is futile? What are some of the terms that the word "suffering" corresponds to in English? What is the philosophical meaning of the term "suffering" more analogous to? What does Buddhism seek to be? What is Suffering a central concept in? What is the philosophical meaning of the term "suffering" more analogous to? What is the philosophical meaning of the term "suffering" more analogous to? What is a central concept in Buddhism? What is the third mark of existence? What is the Nikayas anatta? What did the Buddha refuse to answer when asked if the self was identical with the body? What does the practitioner come to the conclusion of analyzing the constantly changing physical and mental constituents of a person or object? What is the third mark of existence? The Nikayas anatta is not meant as a metaphysical assertion, but as an approach for what? Who rejected both of the metaphysical assertions "I have a Self" and "I have no Self" as ontological views that bind one to suffering? What are the physical and mental constituents of a person or object? What is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics? What does prattyasamutpda mean? What is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics? What is the best-known application of the concept of prattyasamutpda? What is the best-known application of the concept of prattyasamutpda? What is the best-known application of the concept of prattyasamutpda? What does prattyasamutpda mean? Who describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? Who describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? What did Sentient beings do to free themselves from this suffering? What does the absence of the first Nidna mean? What does the absence of the first Nidna lead to? What kind of beings always suffer throughout sasra? What is the term for sasra? What did Sentient beings do to free themselves from this suffering? What does the absence of the first Nidna mean? What was Nagarjuna's primary contribution to Buddhist philosophy? What was Nagarjuna's primary contribution to Buddhist philosophy? What is Nagarjuna's philosophy? What is the name of Nagarjuna's school of thought? What were Sarvastivada teachings reformulated by Vasubandhu and Asanga? Who criticized Sarvastivada teachings? What doctrine did some exponents of Yogacara assert that the mind and only the mind is ultimately real? Who criticized Sarvastivada teachings? What do Mahayana schools often place emphasis on? What do Mahayana schools often place emphasis on? What is the inseparability of the clarity and emptiness of one's mind? What does the Jonang school refer to the innate qualities of the mind that expresses themselves as? What is the term for Buddha-nature? What is the term for anyone who has achieved nirvana? What is the term for anyone who has achieved nirvana? What is the term for anyone who has achieved nirvana? What is a term applied to the experience of Awakening of arahants? What was bodhi synonymous with in Early Buddhism? What did bodhi use to describe the experience of Awakening of arahants? What did bodhi use to describe the experience of nirvana? What is moha called? What does the bodhisattva achieve? What does the bodhisattva become? According to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained what? What does the term parinirvana refer to? What does a Buddha purify his mind of? Who is no longer bound by Samsara? Who is no longer bound by Samsara? How many Buddhas are there in the Mahayana tradition? What is the common belief that the next Buddha will be named Maitreya? The Mahayana tradition has many Buddhas of what? What can a person awaken from the "sleep of ignorance"? What are arahants and buddhas called in Theravada doctrine? What do bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning? What is the extinction of hatred and greed with some residue of delusion called? In the Mahayana, the Buddha tends not to be viewed as what? In the Mahayana, the Buddha tends not to be viewed as what? Where does the Buddha tend to be viewed as merely human? How is the Buddha's death seen as an illusion? What are monks allowed to offer based on his input? What does Mahayana believe is bodhisattvas? What does Mahayana believe is bodhisattvas? What is another major form of Buddhism? What is another major form of Buddhism? Pure Land is characterized by utmost trust in what of Amitabha Buddha? What era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? What is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? What era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? What era is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? Who believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes? What commentary says that Buddhas arise one at a time in this world element? What does Pure Land Buddhism hold that it has declined to the point where few are capable of following the path? What does Bodhisattva mean? What is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings? What text contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva? What text contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva? What text contains a simple and brief definition for the term bodhisattva? How many pramits does the practitioner promise to work for? What does Mahayana Buddhism encourage everyone to do? What are the perfections of Mahayana Buddhism? Which Dalai Lama cites Bodhisattva as his favourite verse? What is devotion an important part of? What are devotional practices? What is the name of the state of meditative absorption in Buddhism? What was the most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas found in? What is striking about the difference between the Buddha's teaching and the yoga presented in early Brahminic texts? What type of absorption must be combined with liberating cognition? What was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha? What is to be developed at all times in Buddhism? What was indicated as a result of practice within and outside of the Buddhist fold? What was the idea that ethics are causally related to the attainment oftranscendent wisdom? What is the idea that ethics are causally related to? What are the earliest describing meditation techniques? What are the earliest describing meditation techniques? How many Upanishads are written after the rise of Buddhism? What does Wynne believe formless meditation originated in? In what period did Wynne argue that the Nasadiya Sukta contains evidence for a contemplative tradition? In what period did Wynne argue that the Nasadiya Sukta contains evidence for a contemplative tradition? What is the first step in most Buddhist schools? Where is the practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children mentioned? What Buddhism adds a fourth refuge in the lama? What do the Three Jewels bring a fruition that is changeless? What are the Three Jewels perceived as having an irreversible effect? Who presented himself as a model? What does the Dharma provide for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana? What is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha? What does la mean? What is the second practice of la? What does the Law of Karma say keeping the precepts is meritorious and acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What is the foundation of Samdhi/Bhvana? What does the Law of Karma say keeping the precepts is meritorious and acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What does la refer to? How many precepts does sla correspond to? How many precepts do Buddhists have? What are the precepts not formulated as imperatives? What does the cultivation of dana and ethical conduct themselves refine consciousness to? What does the cultivation of dana and ethical conduct themselves refine consciousness to? How many precepts are there? What does the third precept on sexual misconduct become? How many precepts can laypeople observe for short periods? How many precepts are there for the complete list? How many precepts do Novice-monks use? What is the exact content of the vinaya pitaka? What is the Patimokkha? What do different schools or subschools set different standards for the degree of adherence to Vinaya? What does the Buddha remind his hearers about the monastic rules? What is the purpose of the monastic rules? What is the purpose of the monastic rules? What are monastics instructed to live as? What does the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra stand for? What does the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra stand for? In what country does vegetarianism allow clergy to marry? What is Chán? How many jhnas did lay practitioners practice at the time of the Buddha? What is samyaksamdhi? What language is samyak samdhi? What is samyaksamdhi purified of? What is the name of the Sanskrit dhyna? What is the name of the meditator's mind that is ready to penetrate and gain insight into the ultimate nature of reality? What is the name of the Sanskrit dhyna? What does Samatha meditation start from? What is the name of the state of total concentration and tranquility in Samatha meditation? What can samatha meditation do in Buddhist practice? What can samatha meditation reveal how the mind was disturbed to start with? What is the term for insight knowledge in samatha meditation? What can samatha meditation reveal how the mind was disturbed to start with? What can samatha meditation reveal how the mind was disturbed to start with? What is the cause of human existence and suffering in Theravadins? What does craving carry with it? What do the defilements of the mind create? What is the ultimate goal of Theravadins? What are the four Noble Truths? Praj is able to extinguish afflictions and bring about what? How many marks of existence does Praj mean? How is praj attained at a conceptual level? What could one in theory attain at any point of practice? What is applied to daily life to verify the truth of the Buddha's teaching at a practical level? What is Zen Buddhism pronounced in Chinese? What is Zen Buddhism pronounced in Chinese? What is Zen Buddhism pronounced in Chinese? What does Zen Buddhism place less emphasis on than other forms of Buddhism? What are the two main schools of Zen Buddhism? What are the two main schools of Zen Buddhism? What is the purpose of Zen Buddhist teaching? What is the purpose of Zen Buddhist teaching? What is the purpose of Zen Buddhist teaching? What is Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism based on? What is one of the schools that practice Vajrayana? What is one of the schools that practice Vajrayana? What does Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism accept? When did the roots of Buddhism lie in the religious thought of ancient India? Where did moksha originate? What were the members of the Vedic Brahmanism group known as? What was a period of social and religious turmoil? Where did Buddhism arose? What was the capital of Kosala in the north-west? When did the eastward spread of Brahmanism into Greater Magadha become significant? What were the Vedic movements influenced by? Who was one of the atomists in the Upanishads? Who emphasized the rule of fate? Who emphasized that the soul must be freed from matter? What was a particular criticism of the Buddha? What was the name of the Vedic hymn? Who altered the original Veda of the rishis? What did the Buddha say he refused to pay respect to the Vedas of his time? What is one method to obtain information on the oldest core of Buddhism? What is a core problem in the study of early Buddhism? What did Schmithausen master in his article on some Aspects of Descriptions or Theories of 'Liberating Insight' and 'Enlightenment'? What did Schmithausen write in his article on some Aspects of Descriptions or Theories of 'Liberating Insight' and 'Enlightenment'? Who is a notable scholar who has questioned whether karma already played a role in the theory of rebirth of earliest Buddhism? Who notes that there is no cohesive presentation of karma in the Sutta Pitaka? Who agrees that dhyana was a Buddhist invention? Who agrees that dhyana was a Buddhist invention? Who gained bodhi from the fourth jhana? What is the mentioning of the four truths as constituting? What does the mentioning of the four truths as constituting "liberating insight" introduce a logical problem? What is the word for "Nibbna"? Where are many other terms for "Nibbna" found? What is the word for "Nibbna"? What term did Vetter use to describe the Buddhist path? How manyfold path did Vetter describe in time? What did Bronkhorst and Anderson say the four truths became a substitution for? What is the term for prajna? Gotama's teachings may have been person al, "adjusted to the need of each person"? How many marks of existence may reflect Upanishadic or other influences? The history of Indian Buddhism may be divided into how many periods? The history of Indian Buddhism may be divided into how many periods? The history of Indian Buddhism may be divided into how many periods? The history of Indian Buddhism may be divided into how many periods? The history of Indian Buddhism may be divided into how many periods? What is the earliest phase of Buddhism? What are the three marks of existence? How many marks of existence did Gautama Buddha teach? What was the first Buddhist council held after the parinirva of Gautama Buddha? Who was called upon to recite the discourses of the Buddha? What were the discourses of the Buddha called? What was the name of the source that recited the discourses of the Buddha? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Sarvastivada tradition place it in 137 AN? Who argued that the Sthaviras were trying to expand the vinaya? What did the Dipavamsa of the Theravda say that the losing party in the Second Council dispute broke away in protest? Who argued that the Sthaviras were trying to expand the vinaya? What school did the Sthaviras give rise to? What were monks following different schools of thought living happily together in? How many CE were schisms caused by doctrinal disagreements? What is a detailed scholastic reworking of doctrinal material appearing in the Suttas? What do Abhidharma texts not contain? When did scholars date Abhidharma texts to? What was the name of the school that had an Abhidhamma Pitaka? Where did the Prajpramit stras develop? Where did the Prajpramit stras develop? When were the first versions of the Prajpramit genre written? When were the first versions of the Prajpramit genre written? Who said that the Prajpramit probably developed among the Mahsghikas in southern India? Which Buddhist sites can be traced to at least the third century BCE? Who notes the evidence suggests that many Early Mahayana scriptures originated in South India? What did Mahyna refer to as a certain set of ideals, and later doctrines for bodhisattvas? Who noted that the Mahyna never attempted to have a separate Vinaya or ordination lineage from the early schools of Buddhism? Which monks in India often lived in the same monasteries side by side? What is the name of the early evidence for the origins of Mahyna? Who was the first translator of Mahyna stras into Chinese in the 2nd century CE? What series of texts were probably composed in the 1st century BCE? What series of texts were probably composed in the 1st century BCE? How many major types of thought developed during the period of Late Mahayana Buddhism? How many major types of thought developed during the period of Late Mahayana Buddhism? What are the four major types of thought developed during the period of Late Mahayana Buddhism? Who was a public supporter of Buddhism? What did Ashoka's support lead to? What are more stpas? Where were emissaries sent to to spread Buddhism? Who were the emissaries accompanied by? Where were emissaries sent to to spread Buddhism? What religions were influenced by Buddhism? What Greek king has been immortalized in the Buddhist canon? In what century did the Theravada school spread south? In what century did the Theravada school spread south? When were the first documented translation efforts by foreign Buddhist monks in China? When did Mahayana Sutras spread to China? Where did Mahayana Sutras spread to in the 2nd century CE? When did Esoteric Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia? Which countries are starting to fund Buddhist shrines in various Asian countries? What is the Dharma? What is the Sangha? What is Buddhism in the West often seen as? Modern influences lead to new forms of Buddhism that significantly depart from what? When did a number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerge? What is another term for the Dalit Buddhist movement? In what century did a modern movement in Nichiren Buddhism emerge? What is Soka Gakkai? How many people are in Soka Gakkai International? What is the name of Soka Gakkai International? How many people practice Buddhism? What percentage of China's population is Buddhist? What percentage of China's population is Buddhist? How many adherents does Theravada have? How many adherents does Theravada have? How many Buddhists are found outside of Asia? How many Buddhist adherents were in Asia in 2010? How many Buddhist adherents were in Asia in 2010? How many Buddhist adherents were in Asia in 2010? What is Hinayana? What term is used by Mahayana followers to name the family of early philosophical schools and traditions from which contemporary Theravada emerged? What does not all traditions of Buddhism share the same philosophical outlook? What is the name of the organization that has several concepts common to both major Buddhist branches? What is the oldest surviving Buddhist school? What is the ancestral name of Theravada? Who portrayed the Pali Canon as the original version of scripture? Where does Theravda grow? Who believe that personal effort is required to realize rebirth? What can laypersons produce? What is the most important university in north-eastern India? What do Mahayana schools recognize? What are some of the Mahayana Sutras a manifestation of? What are some of the Mahayana Sutras? What is another term for Native Mahayana Buddhism? What is Vajrayana also known as? What is the most widely practised today in Eastern Buddhism? What did the royal courts sponsor for Vajrayana literature? What does the Majusrimulakalpa state that mantras taught in the Saiva, Garuda and Vaisnava tantras will be effective if applied by Buddhists? What is a work associated with the Guhyasamaja tradition? What type of texts exist in great variety? Some schools venerate certain texts as what? What type of text does Buddhism have that is universally referred to by all traditions? How many gamas do Tibetan Buddhists have? What are the first four Nikayas of the Sutta Pitaka? What is Babasaheb Ambedkar? In what country was the Dhammapada championed as a unifying scripture? What are some attempts to synthesize a single Buddhist text? What was created in the Theravada tradition that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes that could be studied by novice monks? What is the focus of Dwight Goddard's sample of Buddhist scriptures? What document did Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar attempt to create? What refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka? What does the Pli Tipitaka refer to? What does the Pli Tipitaka refer to? What does the Pli Tipitaka refer to? What does the Pli Tipitaka refer to? What is the only early Tipitaka to survive intact in its original language? How many pitakas did some early schools of Buddhism have? What was the name of the monk that presided after the death of the Buddha? What was the goal of the Buddhist council? Who recited the vinaya? What was the Buddha's personal attendant called upon to recite the dhamma? What did nanda recite? What is the name of the material that the Canon preserved from the early, non-sectarian body of teachings? Who added texts to the Canon for some time? What type of scriptures are the Mahayana sutras? What type of scriptures are the Mahayana sutras? What is one of the early teachings of the Mahayana sutras? What do the Mahayana sutras often claim to articulate? What is the name of the Mahayana sutra? What are the Mahayana sutras reserved for? Why were the Mahayana sutras preserved? Why were the Mahayana sutras preserved? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? How many Mahayana sutras have survived in Sanskrit? What type of Buddhism recognizes Mahayana sutras? When did the Mahayana sutras begin to influence the behavior of mainstream Buddhists in India? Who applied the pejorative label Hinayana to those who rejected the Mahayana sutras? What does the Theravada school not include in its canon? What branch of Buddhism is the modern Theravada school descended from? What branch of Buddhism is the modern Theravada school descended from? What term was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion? What term was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion? What does Buddhism provide for comparative study with a diverse range of subjects? Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way provides a unique guideline for what? What has been subjects of close study? What are some of the tenets of Christianity that have been subjects of close study? What concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought? What are differences in opinion on the question of whether or not Buddhism should be considered a religion? What are differences in opinion on the question of whether or not Buddhism should be considered a religion? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing on Fox? When did American Idol begin airing? When did American Idol begin airing? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing on Fox? When did American Idol begin airing? Who was the record producer and music manager of American Idol? Who hosted American Idol? Who was the judging panel for the most recent season of American Idol? Who hosted American Idol? Who hosted American Idol? Who was the original judges of American Idol? Who was the judging panel for the most recent season of American Idol? Who was the record producer and music manager of American Idol? Who was the original judges of American Idol? Who were the original judges of American Idol? Who was the judging panel for the most recent season? Who was the judging panel for the most recent season of American Idol? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned? Who is a Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols? Who said American Idol was "the most impactful show in the history of television"? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned? How many Billboard chart-toppers has American Idol spawned? Who said American Idol was "the most impactful show in the history of television"? When did Fox announce that American Idol would conclude its run in its fifteenth season? When did Fox announce that American Idol would conclude its run in its fifteenth season? On what date did Fox announce that American Idol would conclude its run in its fifteenth season? How many consecutive years was American Idol ranked in U.S. television ratings? When did Fox announce that American Idol would conclude its run in its fifteenth season? Who created the British show Pop Idol? Who created American Idol? Who was the executive producer and production leader of American Idol? Who was the executive producer and production leader of American Idol? Where did Nigel Lythgoe see American Idol? Who created the British show Pop Idol? Where did Nigel Lythgoe see American Idol? What type of voting did Fuller add to American Idol? Who was the executive producer and production leader of American Idol? Where did Nigel Lythgoe see American Idol? How many seasons did the American Idol: The Search for a Superstar last? When did American Idol: The Search for a Superstar debut? When did Fuller, Cowell, and Simon Jones attempt to sell Pop Idol to the US? Who was Rupert Murdoch's daughter? Who was the head of Fox's parent company? What was the name of the show that was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar? When did the show decide to continue with the three judges format? How many judges were found by the time of the audition round in the first season? Who was hired as a fourth judge in the second season? Who was the fourth judge of the show? How many judges were found by the time of the audition round in the first season? Who was the fourth judge of the show? Who was hired as a fourth judge in the second season? When did the show decide to continue with the three judges format? Who was added as a fourth judge in season eight? Who replaced Paula Abdul? How long did Kara DioGuardi stay for? When did Simon Cowell announce that he was leaving the show to introduce the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA? Who announced that he was leaving the show to introduce the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011? Who was added as a fourth judge in season eight? Who left the show before season nine? When did Simon Cowell announce that he was leaving the show to introduce the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA? Who replaced Paula Abdul? When did Kara DioGuardi leave the show? In what season were guest judges used? Who was season eight runner-up? Who were the guest judges in season three? What season did Jewel and Olivia Newton-John play? What season did Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry win? Who were the guest judges in season three? What season did Shania Twain play? Who were the guest judges in season three? Who co-hosted the first season of the show? Who co-hosted the first season of the show? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? What did permanent mentors help the contestants with? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? How old is the eligible age-range for contestants? When was the upper limit raised to twenty-eight? What must contestants not hold by the semi-final stage? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? What is the only audition stage shown on television? How many auditions are there in each city? What is the only audition stage shown on television? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? What is the first set of cuts? Where are contestants sent to? When was the group round eliminated? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood until season ten? When did the executive producers split up the females and males? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood until season ten? What do the contestants perform in a series of rounds once in Hollywood? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round? Where did the contestants perform in groups based on a theme? How many girls did the judges have to choose each night to make the top twenty? How many girls did the judges have to choose each night to make the top twenty? How many text messages were sent to American Idol by season eight? How many votes were cast in the first season? Who counts the votes for the first time in season ten? Who decides the fate of the contestants from the semi-finals onwards? How many votes were cast in the first season? How many votes were cast in the first season? How many groups were there in season one? What type of round did contestants who failed to qualify get another chance in season one? How many groups were there in season one? How many groups were in season two and three? In what season were the top three contestants from each group making the finals? How many groups were there in season one? How many finalists did each of the judges champion in seasons two and three? How many semi-finalists were divided by gender? How many semi-finalists were divided by gender? How many of the semi-finalists were eliminated each week? How many of the semi-finalists were eliminated each week? How were the twenty-four semi-finalists divided by gender? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13? In what season were thirty semifinalists chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows? When did the wildcard round return? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many of each gender advancing to form the final 10 in season twelve? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor for season ten? What season did the finals last for thirteen weeks? How long did the finals last in season one? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor for season ten? How long did the finals last? How many songs do contestants sing each week? When did the judges overturn viewers' decision with a "Judges' Save"? How many times can the "Judges' Save" be used? What is one of the three contestants usually sent to? When was the first Idol Gives Back episode? When was the "Fan Save" introduced? How long is the window to vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What was introduced in the fourteenth season? How long is the window to vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What is the start of the "Fan Save" season? Where was the Gibson Amphitheatre located? What is the audience capacity of the Dolby Theatre? What is the last episode of the season? Where was the finale broadcast? What is the audience capacity of the Dolby Theatre? What is the audience capacity of the Gibson Amphitheatre? Where was the Gibson Amphitheatre located? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? What company signed the winner in the fourteenth season? Who had the right of first refusal to sign contestants for three months after the season's finale? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? What company signed the winner in the fourteenth season? What does each successful contestant receive to proceed on to the next round in Hollywood? What does each successful contestant receive to proceed on to the next round in Hollywood? How are the contestants voted for by the viewing public? When do contestants perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards? Who led the American Idol band from season ten onwards? Who led the American Idol band? Who led the American Idol band? Who led the American Idol band? Who led the American Idol band from season ten onwards? When do contestants perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards? When did the first season of American Idol debut? When did the first season of American Idol debut? Who co-hosted American Idol? When did the first season of American Idol debut? When did the first season of American Idol debut? Who co-hosted American Idol? How many contestants were selected in the audition rounds? How many contestants were selected in the audition rounds? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? What was Christina Christian eliminated from the top six result show? How many contestants were selected in the audition rounds? How many contestants were selected for the semifinal? Who was disqualified for lying to evade the show's age limit? Where was Tamyra Gray eliminated? Who was hospitalized before the top six result show? When did Kelly Clarkson win the crown? Who was one of the early favorites? What was Kelly Clarkson's final showdown? Who was one of the early favorites? Who won the final showdown? When did Kelly Clarkson win the crown? What was the name of the single that broke a 38-year-old record held by The Beatles? What was the name of the musical film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many albums does Clarkson have worldwide? What was the name of the single that broke a 38-year-old record held by The Beatles? Who performed the coronation song during the finale? What was the name of the single that broke a 38-year-old record held by The Beatles? Who held the record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the name of the musical film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many albums does Clarkson have worldwide? When was the second season moved up to air? Who was a correspondent for this season? When was the second season moved up to air? Who was a correspondent for this season? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? How many semi-finalists were disqualified in the finals? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? How many semi-finalists were disqualified in the finals? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? How many semi-finalists were disqualified in the finals? How many semi-finalists were disqualified in the finals? Who did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? How many votes did Ruben Studdard finish ahead of Clay Aiken? Who did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? How many votes did Ruben Studdard finish ahead of Clay Aiken? Who indicated that Aiken had led the fan voting from the wildcard week onward until the finale? Who did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? Who did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? How many votes did Ruben Studdard finish ahead of Clay Aiken? How many votes did Ruben Studdard finish ahead of Clay Aiken? Who did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? What song did Aiken out-perform? Who was the fourth-place finisher of the show? What song did Aiken out-perform? What song did Aiken out-perform? What song did Aiken out-perform? Who out-performed Studdard's coronation song? Who was the fourth-place finisher of the show? When did Season three premiere? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? When did Season three premiere? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? What were the three black singers dubbed? Who were the three black singers dubbed the Three Divas? Who was one of the mentors that season called the results of the votes "incredibly racist?" What did John Stevens dismiss as 'blown out of proportion'? What were the three black singers dubbed? Who were the three black singers dubbed the Three Divas? Who was one of the mentors that season called the results of the votes "incredibly racist?" What did John Stevens dismiss as 'blown out of proportion'? Who was the last two Idol contestants to win an Academy Award and a Grammy? What was Fantasia's coronation single? What song did Diana DeGarmo release? What was Barrino's performance at Top 8? Who considered "Summertime" as his favorite Idol moment? Who was the last two Idol contestants to win an Academy Award and a Grammy? What was Barrino later known as? What was Fantasia's coronation single? Who replaced Vazquez? Who replaced Vazquez? What company sued Vazquez for wrongful termination? Who was the top finalists of Freemantle Media? During what week was the result postponed until the following night? When was the result postponed? In what year was Carrie Underwood announced the winner? How many albums did Underwood sell in the U.S.? What is the name of the coronation song that Underwood and Bice released? Who was the runner-up in May 2005? In what year was Carrie Underwood announced the winner? Who was the runner-up in May 2005? What is the name of the coronation song that Underwood and Bice released? How many albums did Underwood sell in the U.S.? When did Season five begin? What were the Brittenum twins disqualified for? When did Season five begin? When did Season five begin? What were the Brittenum twins disqualified for? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who was Fuel's new lead singer? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? What was Fuel's version of "I Walk the Line"? What was Daughtry's performance of Live's "I Walk the Line" criticized for not crediting? Who was the runner-up for American Idol? What was Taylor Hicks' first single? What was Taylor Hicks' first single? When was Taylor Hicks named American Idol? Who was the runner-up for American Idol? What was Taylor Hicks' first single? What was Taylor Hicks' first single? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? When did Season six begin? How many viewers did Season 6 have in the last half hour? When did Season six begin? How many viewers did Season 6 have in the last half hour? Who was the most talked-about contestant for his hairdo? Which satellite radio personality encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar? Who was the most talked-about contestant for his hairdo? When was Sanjaya Malakar voted off? Who was the most talked-about contestant for his hairdo? Who was the most talked-about contestant for his hairdo? Who was the most talked-about contestant for his unusual hair do? Who was the most talked-about contestant for his hairdo? Which satellite radio personality encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar? When was Sanjaya Malakar voted off? How much did the first Idol Gives Back event raise? How much did the first Idol Gives Back event raise? Who was eliminated in the final three of the Idol Gives Back event? How much did the first Idol Gives Back event raise? What two contestants were eliminated in the first Idol Gives Back event? Who was eliminated in the final three of the Idol Gives Back event? Who was declared the winner in the May 23 season finale? Who was the runner-up for the May 23 season finale? Who was declared the winner in the May 23 season finale? Who was declared the winner in the May 23 season finale? Who was declared the winner in the May 23 season finale? Who was the runner-up for the May 23 season finale? When did Season four premiere? How many auditions did the number of those attending the auditions increase to? Who were the two rockers of the show? What was the first season of the series to be aired in high definition? What was the first season of the series to be aired in high definition? When did Season four premiere? What was the first season of the series to be aired in? How many auditions did the number of those attending the auditions increase to? Who were the two rockers of the show? When did Sparks release "This Is My Now"? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? How many entries were selected for the American Idol Songwriter contest? What contest allows fans to vote for the "coronation song"? What does the American Idol Songwriter contest allow fans to vote for? How many recordings of original songs were submitted by songwriters? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? When did Sparks release "This Is My Now"? When did Season seven premiere? What contestant attracted some attention due to his past employment as a stripper? Which contestants had prior recording contracts? When did Season seven premiere? What contestant attracted some attention due to his past employment as a stripper? What did the media focus on? Which contestants had prior recording contracts? What was the name of David Cook's performance? Who performed "Billie Jean" on top-ten night? Who did the judges mistook to be David Cook's own? When did American Idol debut a new state-of-the-art set and stage? When did American Idol debut a new state-of-the-art set and stage? Who did the judges mistook to be David Cook's own? Who performed "Billie Jean" on top-ten night? Who performed "Imagine"? When was Jennifer Lopez brought in as a judge? What was Jason Castro's semi-final performance of? Who did Jason Castro's semi-final performance of "Hallelujah" propelled to the top of the Billboard digital song chart? What was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances? Who's performance of "Imagine" was considered one of the best of the season? Who called "Imagine" a beautiful song-moment that she will never forget? Who performed "Hallelujah"? Who did Jason Castro's semi-final performance of "Hallelujah" propelled to the top of the Billboard digital song chart? What was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances? Who was the first rocker to win the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? When was David Cook announced the winner of the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? What was the winning song for the American Idol Songwriter contest? What contest was held this season? When was "The Time of My Life" released? What was the winning song for the American Idol Songwriter contest? When was "The Time of My Life" released? When did Season eight premiere? Who was the widow of? Who was the president of alternative programming for Fox? When did Season 8 premiere? When did Season eight premiere? Who was the president of alternative programming for Fox? Who was the widow of? Who was introduced in the first major change to the judging panel? How long was the Hollywood round extended to? What did Nigel Lythgoe focus on? When was the Hollywood round moved to the Kodak Theatre? Why was Idol Gives Back canceled? Who was introduced in the first major change to the judging panel? Who was introduced in the first major change to the judging panel? What did Nigel Lythgoe focus on? When was the Hollywood round moved to the Kodak Theatre? Why was Idol Gives Back canceled? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who was saved from elimination at the top seven by the judges? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who were eliminated in the finals? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who was saved from elimination at the top seven by the judges? Who were the two finalists? Who were the two finalists in the contest? How many of the votes cast on the night came from Allen's home state? How many of the votes cast on the night came from Allen's home state? Who were the two finalists in the contest? What was the most controversial voting result for the two finalists? How many of the votes cast on the night came from Allen's home state? What did AT&T employees give lessons on at viewing parties in Arkansas? What coronation song did Allen and Lambert release? Who co-written the coronation song "No Boundaries"? What coronation song did Allen and Lambert release? Who co-written the coronation song "No Boundaries"? What is the first season in which the winner failed to achieve? What is the first season in which the winner failed to achieve gold album status? When did Season nine premiere? Who replaced Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? When did Ellen DeGeneres join as a judge? When did Season nine premiere? Who replaced Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? Who replaced Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? When did Ellen DeGeneres join as a judge? Who fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? What type of diabetes did Crystal Bowersox have? Who fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis? What type of diabetes did Crystal Bowersox have? How did Crystal Bowersox perform on the girls performance night? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? Who was Ken Warwick? Who was the lowest vote getter at top nine? Who was the lowest vote getter at top nine? Who was invited back to be a mentor? How much did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was the lowest vote getter at top nine? Who was invited back to be a mentor? What was presented in the finale for Simon Cowell's final season? What was presented in the finale for Simon Cowell's final season? What was presented in the finale for Simon Cowell's final season? Who made an appearance in the finale for Simon Cowell? Who was declared the winner during the May 26 finale? What song did DeWyze choose as a coronation song? Who was declared the winner during the May 26 finale? Who was declared the winner during the May 26 finale? What song did DeWyze choose as a coronation song? What was the name of Patty Griffin's cover song? When did Season ten of the series premiere? When did Season ten of the series premiere? Who was the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? What was Simon Cowell's first U.S. version of The X Factor? Who did Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler join as judges? When did Season ten of the series premiere? Who did Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler join as judges? Who did Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler join as judges? Who was the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? What is the first season to include online auditions? How did contestants submit a 40-second video audition? How did contestants submit a 40-second video audition? What is the first season to include online auditions? How did contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? Who was cut in the Top 40 round? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? In what round was Medina cut? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? What did Casey Abrams miss? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was eliminated on April 7, 2011? Who did Toscano's elimination draw criticism from? Who was eliminated on April 7, 2011? Who did Toscano's elimination draw criticism from? Who was the youngest male winner in 2011? Who were the two finalists in 2011? What was McCreery's first single? What song did Alaina release? What was the name of McCreery's debut album? On what date did Scotty McCreery win American Idol? Who were the two finalists in 2011? Who released Soulful? When did Season 11 premiere? What was Jermaine Jones' ranking on February 23, 2012? Who was disqualified in 12th place for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants? When did Season 11 premiere? Who was disqualified in 12th place for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants? When was Jermaine Jones disqualified? What did Jermaine Jones conceal on March 14? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have during his Idol run? What caused Phillips to have a blockage during his Idol run? How many surgeries did Phillips have during his Idol run? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have during his Idol run? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have during his Idol run? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have during his Idol run? How many votes did Jessica Sanchez receive during the Top 7 week? How many votes did Jessica Sanchez receive during the Top 7 week? Who was the only contestant sent home? What was the first season where a recipient of the save reached the finale? How many votes did Jessica Sanchez receive during the Top 7 week? How many votes did Jessica Sanchez receive during the Top 7 week? Who was the only contestant sent home? Who proposed marriage to Diana DeGarmo? Who proposed marriage to Diana DeGarmo? Who proposed marriage to Diana DeGarmo? Who was the winner of season five? Who proposed marriage to Diana DeGarmo? Who proposed marriage to Diana DeGarmo? What is the name of Phillips' coronation song? What did Sanchez release as his coronation song? What is the name of Phillips' coronation song? What did Sanchez release as his coronation song? What is the name of Phillips' coronation song? When did Season 12 premiere? How many seasons did Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler leave the show? What company leaked a video of the dispute between Minaj and Carey? When did Season 12 premiere? How many judges were on the panel for Season 12? How many males did the top 10 contestants start with? How many males did the top 10 contestants start with? How many males did the top 10 contestants start with? How many males did the top 10 contestants start with? How many males did the top 10 contestants start with? What was the first time the judges' "save" was not used? Who was the first female to win American Idol since Jordin Sparks? Who was the first female to win American Idol since Jordin Sparks? What was the name of Glover's single? What was the name of Glover's single? Who was the first female to win American Idol since Jordin Sparks? Who was the first female to win American Idol since Jordin Sparks? What was the name of Glover's single? What was the name of Glover's single? Who signed Glover's debut album? Who was the last remaining of the original judges? How many seasons did Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj leave to focus on their music careers? Who was the last remaining of the original judges? How many seasons did Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj leave to focus on their music careers? When did the thirteenth season premiere? Who was the host of the thirteenth season? What role did Randy Jackson and Keith Urban move from the judging panel to? Who replaced Warwick as a director of the audition episodes? When did the thirteenth season premiere? Who did Randy Jackson and Keith Urban move from the judging panel to the role of in-mentor? Who was the former mentor of Harry Connick Jr.? Who was the former mentor of Harry Connick Jr.? Who replaced Nigel Lythgoe and Ken Warwick as executive producers? Who was saved from elimination by the judges? What was the 500th episode of the series? What was the first season in which contestants were allowed to perform in the final rounds? Who was saved from elimination by the judges? Where did Sam Woolf receive the fewest votes? What was the 500th episode of the series? Who was named the winner of the season? Who was named the winner of the season? What was the name of Johnson's coronation single? What song did Caleb Johnson release? Who was named the winner of the season? Who was named the winner of the season? What was the name of Johnson's coronation single? What song did Caleb Johnson release? When did the fourteenth season premiere? Who was the host of the fourteenth season? Who was the runner-up for the 14th season? Who did Jennifer Lopez, Keith Urban and Harry Connick, Jr. return for their respective fourth, third and second seasons? Who did not return as the in-house mentor for this season? When did the fourteenth season premiere? Who was the runner-up for the 14th season? How many episodes did Coca Cola air a week during the final ten? What company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? What company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? What company did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? How many episodes did Coca Cola air a week during the final ten? What company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? What company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? What company did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? Who was the first winner from the Northeast region? Who did Nick Fradiani defeat? Who released a single called "Forcefield"? What was the name of Fradiani's coronation single? What was the name of Jax's single? Who was the first winner from the Northeast region? Who did Nick Fradiani defeat? What was the name of Fradiani's coronation single? What was Nick Fradiani's coronation single? Who released a single called "Forcefield"? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol? Who is the host of American Idol? Who is the host of American Idol? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol? Who is the host of American Idol? How many contestants have some connection to the Southern United States? When did the Idol show begin? How many of the Idol winners have come from the Southern United States? Where are Clay Aiken, Kellie Pickler, and Chris Daughtry all from? Where are Clay Aiken, Kellie Pickler, and Chris Daughtry all from? How many of the Idol winners have come from the Southern United States? Who are some notable finalists in the Idol series? What percent of the CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010 were by contestants with ties to the American South? What percentage of households in the Southeastern United States are more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009? What percent of the CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010 were by contestants with ties to the American South? What percent of the CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010 were by contestants with ties to the American South? Who is the winner of season five? What state is Taylor Hicks from? What is the highest percentage of cell-phone households in the South? What is the highest percentage of cell-phone households in the South? What state is Taylor Hicks from? What did Idol pundits call the title of a white male who plays the guitar? Who was named the winner of American Idol: The Untold Story? What book did Richard Rushfield write? How many consecutive seasons was the title given to a white male who plays the guitar? How many consecutive seasons was the title given to a white male who plays the guitar? What did Idol pundits call the title of a white male who plays the guitar? Who is the author of American Idol: The Untold Story? Who was named the winner of American Idol: The Untold Story? What did the contestants have to sign that gave excessive control over their future career? How many text votes did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? How many text votes did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? When was Vote for the Worst closed? How many text votes did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? How many text votes did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? In what season did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? What has been expressed from the very first season? When did Vote for the Girls begin? When was Vote for the Worst closed? What is Idol Gives Back? How much has Idol Gives Back raised? What is Idol Gives Back? What is Idol Gives Back? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers watched American Idol in over a year? How many viewers watched American Idol by finale night? When did American Idol premiere? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers watched American Idol in over a year? How many viewers watched American Idol by finale night? What was the season premiere of American Idol? How many viewers did the season of American Idol attract? What was the highest-rated American Idol episode for the final hour? When did American Idol become the most watched series amongst all viewers on American TV for the first time? How many viewers watched American Idol in season five? What was the season premiere of American Idol? How many viewers did the season of American Idol attract? When did American Idol become the most watched series amongst all viewers on American TV for the first time? How many of the episodes of American Idol rank among the most watched? How many of the episodes of American Idol rank among the most watched? What was the show dubbed? What was the name of the show that was dubbed "the Death Star"? How many of the episodes of American Idol rank among the most watched? What was the show dubbed? What did Season six show a steady decline in viewership over the course of the season? What was the second highest-rated season of American Idol? When did the loss of viewers continue? What was the cause of the fall in viewership across all networks in 2007-2008? When did the loss of viewers continue? Which show delivered its lowest-rated Wednesday show among the 18-34 demo since 2002? When did the loss of viewers continue? How did Fox become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time since its inception? What was the cause of the fall in viewership across all networks in 2007-2008? Who was the most watched TV series for the sixth year running? How many consecutive seasons did American Idol finish its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running? How many viewers did NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics beat Idol? How many viewers did NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics beat Idol? How many viewers did NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics beat Idol? How many viewers did NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics beat Idol? What is the median age of Fox in its first season? What is the median age of Fox in its first season? What is the median age of Fox in its first season? What is the median age of Fox in its first season? How many years did American Idol lose in the Nielsen ratings? Who did American Idol lose the leading position in both the total viewers number and the 18/49 demo? For the first time in how many years did American Idol lose the leading position in both the total viewers number and the 18/49 demo? What was the average viewers of season 12? How many viewers were in season 12? When did American Idol lose its Top 10 position in Nielsen ratings? How many viewers did the finale have in the 18-49 demo? What was the average viewers of season 12? What was the name of the major sponsor of American Idol? How many viewers watched American Idol's fourteenth season finale? On what date did Fox announce that the fifteenth season of American Idol would be its last? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season of American Idol would be its last? How many viewers watched American Idol's fourteenth season finale? In what decade did American Idol and Survivor and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire break records on U.S. television? How many years did the show push Fox to become the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults? How many consecutive years did the show push Fox to become the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults? How many consecutive years did the show push Fox to become the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults? Who claimed the show "saved Fox"? What type of TV show did Dancing with the Stars and So You Think You Can Dance contribute to? What was the name of the singing-competition show that spawned a number of imitating singing-competition shows in the mid-2000s and early 2010s? What is one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history? What is one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history? What is one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history? How many number ones did American Idol alumni achieve on the Billboard charts in its first ten years? Who is the president of Mediabase? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many number ones did American Idol alumni achieve on the Billboard charts in its first ten years? Who was the author of books on the Billboard charts? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many albums have the American Idol alumni amassed in their post-Idol careers? How many albums have the American Idol alumni amassed in their post-Idol careers? How many albums have the American Idol alumni amassed in their post-Idol careers? How many albums have the American Idol alumni amassed in their post-Idol careers? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? What is the impact of American Idol strongly felt in? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? Who was Jennifer Hudson's vocal coach? Who said that American Idol is crazily entertaining? When was the national anthem sent to the Lincoln Memorial? Who said that American Idol is crazily entertaining? Who said that American Idol is crazily entertaining? Who said that American Idol is a conniving multimedia monster? When was the national anthem sent to the Lincoln Memorial? Who was Michael Slezak? Who was accused of helping to establish a culture of meanness? Who suggested that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect? Who accused Simon Cowell of helping to establish a culture of meanness? What did Sheryl Crow think Idol promote? Who suggested that Idol has reshaped the American songbook? Who was accused of helping to establish a culture of meanness? Who suggested that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect? Who said that there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs? When did LeAnn Rimes comment on Carrie Underwood? Who commented on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who was a mentor on American Idol? Who won the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who won the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who commented on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who said that there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs? What type of music format is Idol divided on? What type of music format is Idol divided on? In what year did American Idol win a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music or Comedy Series? How many Emmys did American Idol win in 2007? How many Creative Arts Emmys did American Idol win in 2007? What was American Idol's Idol Gives Back edition? How long was American Idol nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program? How many Emmys did American Idol win in 2007? How much did American Idol generate for the year 2004? What is the total TV revenue for the first eight seasons of American? What theme park attraction did American Idol partner with Disney? How much did American Idol generate for the year 2004? What theme park did American Idol partner with? When did American Idol become the most expensive show for advertisers? How much did American Idol sell for a 30-second slot? How much did a 30-second spot go for in 2014? How much did American Idol's ad prices reach in season seven? When did American Idol become the most expensive show for advertisers? How much advertising revenue did American Idol earn annually? How much did the sponsorship deal cost in the first season of American Idol? How much did the sponsorship deal cost in the first season of American Idol? Who was the third major sponsor of American Idol? Who was the third major sponsor of American Idol? What year did iTunes sponsor American Idol? How much did the sponsorship deal cost in season one? How much did the sponsorship deal cost in season one? Who was the third major sponsor of American Idol? What did the branded entertainment integration prove beneficial to its advertisers? How many product placements did American Idol show by season six? Who did PepsiCo decline to sponsor at the start of American Idol? Who sponsored the American version of Cowell's The X Factor? Who did PepsiCo decline to sponsor at the start of American Idol? Who sponsored the American version of Cowell's The X Factor? What Los Angeles Times called Pepsi losing market share by 2010? How much did the tour gross? Who was a sponsor of the season nine tour? Who was added to the season twelve tour? Who was the sponsor of the season seven tour? Who was a sponsor of the season nine tour? How much did the tour gross? When were the live performances and studio recordings made available? When were the first five seasons of American Idol's recordings released as a compilation album? When were the live performances and studio recordings made available? What company has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances? When were the first five seasons of American Idol's recordings released as a compilation album? How many of American Idol's albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200? When were the live performances and studio recordings made available? What is the name of the recording label that holds the rights to phonographic material recorded by all contestants? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol in 2010? What is the name of the Bertelsmann Music Group? Who owns 19 Recordings? What is the name of the recording label that holds the rights to phonographic material recorded by all contestants? What is the name of the Bertelsmann Music Group? What was the name of the joint venture that BMG partnered with in 2005-2007? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol in 2010? Where was the American Idol Experience debuted? When did the Walt Disney Company debut "The American Idol Experience"? When did the American Idol Experience close? Who co-produced the live production of the American Idol Experience? When did the Walt Disney Company debut "The American Idol Experience"? Where was the American Idol Experience debuted? What did the winner of the finals show receive? When did the American Idol Experience close? How many nations broadcast American Idol? How many seasons of American Idol were aired in Canada? When did Yes TV announce that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol? Who dropped American Idol after its thirteenth season? How many nations broadcast American Idol? Who aired the first thirteen seasons of American Idol in Canada? Who dropped American Idol after its thirteenth season? Who broadcasts the twelfth season in Italy? How long after the U.S. broadcast on ITV2 are episodes aired in the United Kingdom? Who broadcasts the show every Thursday and Friday in southeast Asia? How many hours after the US telecast is the Philippine television show aired? Who broadcasts the show every Thursday and Friday in southeast Asia? Who broadcasts the twelfth season in Italy? What are contestants called? How many consecutive years did American Idol have? How many consecutive years did American Idol have? What is the name of the domesticated canid that has been selectively bred for millennia? What is the name of the domesticated canid that has been selectively bred for millennia? What is the name of the domesticated canid that has been selectively bred for millennia? What has the domesticated canid been selectively bred for for millennia? How long ago did dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia? How long ago did dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia? How long ago did dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia? What has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior? How long ago did dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What are dogs a source of in some cultures? What does the term "domestic dog" possibly derive from? What is the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary? What is a "powerful dog breed"? What is the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary? What was the general word for all domestic canines in 14th century England? What was the general word for all domestic canines in 14th century England? By the 16th century, what was the general word for hound? What was the general word for all domestic canines in 14th century England? When did hound become the general word? What did hound refer to by the 16th century? What is the term "hound" derived from? What is the father of a litter called? What is the father of a litter called? What are offspring called? What is the process of birth from the Old English word hwelp? What is a male canine referred to as in breeding circles? What is a male canine referred to as in breeding circles? What is a group of offspring? What is the father of a litter called? What is the mother of a litter called? What are offspring called? Who published Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species? When did Linnaeus publish a categorization of species which included the Canis species? Who published Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species? What did Linnaeus call the wolf? What was the name of the first edition of Mammal Species of the World? Who published Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species? What does Canis familiaris mean? What does Linnaeus call the wolf? What did Linnaeus propose to reduce the number of recognized Canis species? When was the first edition of Mammal Species of the World listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus? When did the ICZN rule that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What did the third edition of Mammal Species of the World uphold in 2005? What is sometimes used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate? What did the ICZN rule that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What is sometimes used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate? What did the ICZN rule that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What did the ICZN rule that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? How many sister monophyletic clades does the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves form? How many sister monophyletic clades does the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves form? When did the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists? What breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture? When did the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists? How many years ago did the dog, gray wolf and Taymyr wolf diverged? What breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture? What do modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal? What is the name of the cardiovascular system that supports sprinting and endurance? What are dogs called? What is the name of the cardiovascular system that supports sprinting and endurance? What does a dog's cardiovascular system support? What does the teeth of a dog support? What are dogs called? How many grams did a Yorkshire Terrier weigh? What was the largest known dog? What was the largest known dog? What are the coats of domestic dogs of? What are the coats of domestic dogs made up of? What are the coats of domestic dogs of? What is the name of the coat of domestic dogs? What is a common camouflage pattern for domestic dogs? What will a countershaded animal have on its upper surfaces? What is a common camouflage pattern for domestic dogs? What will a countershaded animal have on its upper surfaces? What does a countershaded animal have on its upper surfaces and light coloring below? What is the name of a dog's tail? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? What is the name of a dog's tail? What are some breeds of dogs prone to? What type of parasites are dogs susceptible to? What is a serious medical condition that affects unspayed females of all types and ages? What is a serious medical condition that affects unspayed females of all types and ages? What type of parasites are dogs susceptible to? What type of food is toxic to dogs? What is the name of the substance that is toxic to dogs? What type of food is toxic to dogs? What type of food is toxic to dogs? What type of food is toxic to dogs? What can be dangerous to dogs? What is toxic to dogs because of theobromine poisoning? How long do mixed breeds live in 2013? What was negatively correlated with longevity? In what year did a study find that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds? How long do mixed breeds live in 2013? What is the age at which half of the dogs in a population have died and half are still alive? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux? What are the median longevities of mixed-breed dogs? What is the name of the longest-lived dog? What is the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records? What year did "Bluey" die? What is the name of the longest-lived dog? What year did "Bluey" die? What is the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records? How old is sexual maturity in domestic dogs? How often will females have their first estrous cycle? How old is sexual maturity in domestic dogs? What is the time at which female dogs will have their first estrous cycle? How many days after fertilization do dogs bear their litters? How many days does an average litter of dogs bear after fertilization? How many puppies does an average litter consist of? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? How many days does an average litter of dogs bear after fertilization? How many puppies does an average litter consist of? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? What is the term for the sterilization of animals? What organization advises that dogs not intended for further breeding should be neutered? What is the term for the sterilization of animals? What does Neutering mean? What is the term for the sterilization of animals? What does Neutering mean? What do many animal control agencies advise that dogs not intended for further breeding should be neutered? What reduces problems caused by hypersexuality in male dogs? What is the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs? What type of dogs are less likely to develop some forms of cancer? What is the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs? What is the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs? How many different items did Rico know? What border collie learned the names and could associate by verbal command over 1,000 words? What are some examples of human body language that dogs are able to read and react appropriately to? What did a study show that Australian dingos can outperform domestic dogs in non-social problem-solving experiment? What do modern domestic dogs use to solve their problems for them? What is the ability of the dog to perceive information and retain it as knowledge for applying to solve problems? How many different items did Rico know? What skills do dogs have? How many words did the border collie "Chaser" learn? What is the estimated estimate for the oldest domesticated species? How long have the minds of dogs been shaped by millennia of contact with humans? What are the social-cognitive skills of humans? How long have the minds of dogs been shaped by millennia of contact with humans? How long have the minds of dogs been shaped by millennia of contact with humans? What is the internal response of the domestic dog to internal and/or external stimuli? What have dogs acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans? What are the social-cognitive skills of humans? What types of communication do humans use to communicate with dogs? How do humans communicate with dogs? What is the term for dog communication? How do humans communicate with dogs? What type of electrophoresis is used to distinguish gray wolves from domesticated dogs? What is the result of atrophy of the jaw muscles? What are the diagnostic features to distinguish gray wolves from domestic dogs? How often do gray wolves enter estrus? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs in 2016? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs in 2016? What are the genes that showed variation between wolves and dogs? What is a fight-or-flight response? What type of behavior does wolves generally show? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs in 2016? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs in 2016? What type of behavior does wolves generally show? What is the global dog population estimated at? What is the global dog population estimated at? What is the global dog population estimated at? What can wolves be killed in territory disputes with? What do wolves display when attacking dogs? What are apex predators? What can wolves be killed in territory disputes with? What does Croatia say wolves kill dogs more frequently than they kill? Where do wolves in Russia seem to limit feral dog populations? What are the major predators of village dogs in Manchuria, Indochina, Indonesia, and Malaysia? What are the major predators of village dogs in Turkmenistan, India, and the Caucasus? What type of reptile has been known to kill and eat dogs? What are leopards known to have a predilection for? What are reputed to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards? What type of reptile has been known to kill and eat dogs? What are the major predators of village dogs in Turkmenistan, India, and the Caucasus? What are dogs described in scholarly and other writings? What are some of the foods that dogs will healthily digest? What type of protein does the cat family have in order to fulfill their basic dietary requirements? What are dogs described in scholarly and other writings? What type of protein does the cat family have in order to fulfill their basic dietary requirements? What genes do dogs have that contribute to an increased ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet? How old are most breeds of dog? How old are most breeds of dog? How has the dog developed into hundreds of varied breeds? Where is the height measured to the withers in the Chihuahua? How old are most breeds of dog? How many breeds of dog have developed through selective breeding? What is the color of grays usually called in the Irish Wolfhound? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of what? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What do natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced in certain populations of dogs? Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of what? What type of dogs are genetically distinguishable from purebred dogs of other breeds? How many major types of dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are some of the "old world dogs"? What is the name of the "old world dogs"? How many major types of dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are the four major types of dogs that can be said to be statistically distinct? What is another name for "modern"- or "hunting"-type? What did domestic dogs inherit from their wolf ancestors? What has enabled dogs to become one of the most successful species on the planet today? What has enabled dogs to become one of the most successful species on the planet today? What did domestic dogs inherit from their wolf ancestors? What did the value of dogs to early human hunter-gatherers lead to? What is the name of a dog that is a source of meat in some cultures? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What are dogs a source of in some cultures? What would have improved sanitation by cleaning up food scraps? What is the Australian Aboriginal term for dogs? What is the Australian Aboriginal term for "three dog night"? How would dogs have improved sanitation? What is the Australian Aboriginal term for dogs? What is often mentioned as a primary reason for the domestication of the wolf? What is often mentioned as a primary reason for the domestication of the wolf? Who believe the most significant benefit would have been the use of dogs' robust sense of smell to assist with the hunt? What is the relationship between the presence of a dog and success in the hunt often mentioned as a primary reason for? How many years ago did the Athabascan population migrate to North America? How many years ago did the Athabascan population migrate to North America? How many years ago did the Athabascan population migrate to North America? How long ago did the waves enter North America? What was an important part of life for the Athabascan population in North America? How many years ago did the Apache and Navajo tribes migrate? What did the use of dogs as pack animals persist after the introduction of the horse to North America? When were the remains of an elderly human and a four-to-five-month-old puppy found buried together? What is the most widespread form of interspecies bonding? When did the population of pet dogs increase after World War II? When did there change in the role of the pet dog? In the 1950s and 1960s, what were dogs kept outside more often than they tend to be today? Who has a long history of keeping dogs as companions? In the 1950s and 1960s, what were dogs kept outside more often than they tend to be today? When did there change in the role of the pet dog? What is the first trend in the changing status of pet dogs? How many trends have there been in the changing status of pet dogs? How many trends have there been in the changing status of pet dogs? What is the first trend in the changing status of pet dogs? What is the second major trend in the changing status of pet dogs? What type of forms are available to transform a pet dog into an ideal companion? In what century did dog training become a high profile issue? In what century did dog training become a high profile issue? When did dog training become a high profile issue? In what century did dog training become a high profile issue? In what century did dog training become a high profile issue? What does the majority of contemporary people with dogs describe their pet as? What has been promoted by some dog trainers? What does the majority of contemporary people with dogs describe their pet as? On what television program is a dominance model of dog-human relationships promoted? What did a study of dogs' roles in families show many dogs have set tasks or routines as family members? What did a study of dogs' roles in families show many dogs have set tasks or routines as family members? What type of activities are human family members engaging in? What did a study of dogs' roles in families show many dogs have set tasks or routines as family members? What did a study of dogs' roles in families show many dogs have set tasks or routines as family members? How many people have pet dogs in the United States? How many people have pet dogs in the United States? What is the name of the latest study using magnetic resonance imaging to humans and dogs? What is the name of the latest study using magnetic resonance imaging to humans and dogs? What is the name of the latest study using magnetic resonance imaging to humans and dogs? What does magnetic resonance imaging give dogs the ability to recognize? What is the term for magnetic resonance imaging? What does magnetic resonance imaging give dogs the ability to recognize? What is the nickname for dogs? What have dogs been bred for? What have dogs been bred for? What was the first animal to orbit the Earth in 1957? What was the first animal to orbit the Earth in 1957? What is the nickname for dogs? What are dogs bred for? What have dogs been bred for? What was the first animal to orbit the Earth in 1957? When did Laika become the first animal to orbit the Earth? What kind of dogs provide assistance to individuals with physical or mental disabilities? What type of dogs have been shown to alert their handler when the handler shows signs of an impending seizure? What is another term for conformation shows? What does a judge familiar with the specific dog breed evaluate for conformity with their established breed type? What does a judge familiar with the specific dog breed evaluate for conformity with their established breed type? What is not part of the judging in conformation shows? What is not part of the judging in conformation shows? What does a judge familiar with the specific dog breed evaluate for conformity with their established breed type? What is not part of the judging in conformation shows? What are the externally observable qualities of a dog? Where is dog meat consumed? What is considered to have medicinal properties in rural areas of Poland? What is believed to have medicinal properties in rural areas of Poland? What do proponents of eating dog meat argue that placing a distinction between livestock and dogs is? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures view the consumption of dog meat as? Where is dog fat believed to have medicinal properties? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? In what century was gaejang-guk made? What is gaejang-guk? In what century was gaejang-guk made? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? How many fatalities did the US average in the 1980s and 1990s? How many fatalities did the US average in the 2000s? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? How many fatalities did the US average in the 1980s and 1990s? What study found bites in children were less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites in the US? What is the incidence of dog bites in the US? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch that can lead to serious infections? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch that can lead to serious infections? What study found bites in children were less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites in the US? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch that can lead to serious infections? How many falls are there each year in the United States? What type of vehicle is more commonly involved in road accidents? What type of vehicles are most commonly involved in dog-associated road accidents? What is toxocara canis? What type of eggs can cause toxocariasis? How many cases of Toxocara canis are reported in humans each year? What can untreated toxocariasis cause in humans? What is toxocara canis? How many cases of Toxocara canis are reported in humans each year? How many cases of Toxocara canis are reported in humans each year? What percentage of soil samples taken from public parks contained T. canis eggs? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? In what year did a 2005 paper say that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What has research pointed to less absenteeism from school through sickness among children who live with pets? In what year did a 2005 paper say that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What did people with pet dogs take more physical exercise than those with cats and those without pets? What did people with pet dogs take more physical exercise than those with cats and those without pets? What are the health benefits of dogs? What are the benefits of contact with a dog? When did a study find that pet owners were more likely to get to know people in their neighborhood than non-pet owners? What do people show when in the presence of a pet dog? What did a study indicate that wheelchair users experience more positive social interactions with strangers when they are accompanied by a dog? When were animals introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What is the effect of animal-assisted therapy with a dog on people with Alzheimer's disease? What was one study that showed that children with ADHD and conduct disorders who participated in an education program with dogs and other animals showed increased attendance, knowledge and skill objectives, and decreased antisocial and violent behavior compared to those who were not in an animal-assisted program? When did the practice of using dogs and other animals as a part of therapy date back to? When were animals introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders? When were animals introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What can animal-assisted therapy with a dog increase among people with Alzheimer's disease? How are medical detection dogs capable of detecting diseases? How many times larger is the brain's olfactory cortex? How much can dogs detect odour? How many times larger is the brain's olfactory cortex? How many cancer patients has a Labrador Retriever detected? Who guards the gates of Hades? Who guards the gates of Hades? What is the name of the bloody, four-eyed dog that guards Helheim? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? How many four-eyed dogs guard the Chinvat Bridge? Who guards the gates of Hades? What is the name of the bloody, four-eyed dog that guards Helheim? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? Who has a hunting dog as his mount? Who owns two watch dogs? Where are Dogs found in the Muthappan Temple? Who owns two watch dogs? Where are the watch dogs said to watch? What is the name of the Hunter god from North Malabar region of Kerala? What do offerings at the Muthappan Temple take? What are dogs viewed as in Islam because they are viewed as scavengers? Why are dogs viewed as unclean in Islam? Who called for dog ownership to be made illegal in the Hague? What are dogs required to wear when searching mosques or Muslim homes? Why are dogs viewed as unclean in Islam? Who called for dog ownership to be made illegal in the Hague? Where did Islamic activists lobby for dogs to be kept out of Muslim neighborhoods? What is not allowed to contact passengers in Britain? In Christianity, what do dogs represent in Christianity? What does Jewish law require Jews to do? What does Jewish law require Jews to do before themselves? What do dogs represent in Christianity? What is one of the twelve animals that cyclically represent years? Where are dogs viewed as kind protectors? What are dogs viewed as in Asian countries? How many years did cultural depictions of dogs in art extend back to? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? Where were dogs portrayed? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? What became more elaborate as individual breeds evolved and the relationships between human and canine developed? What type of health conditions are dogs vulnerable to? What breed is incapable of mounting the female? What is the most common response when approached by strangers? What is the most common response when approached by strangers? What type of dogs do we know little about? What would have benefited from living in human camps? What would have greatly improved the chances of survival for early human groups? Why have studies suggesting that there are benefits to physical health and psychological wellbeing been criticised? What do people who keep pet dogs or cats exhibit better mental and physical health than non-guardians? How long did the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay last? How long did the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay last? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What was the name of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? How long did the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay last? What was the name of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What was the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since 1936? When was the torch lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece? When was the torch lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece? When did the torch arrive in Beijing? How many continents did the torch pass through? What road did the torch visit? When was the torch lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece? When was the torch lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece? When was the torch lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece? When was the torch lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece? What did the torch do to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet? How many people protested the torch relay in San Francisco? How many people protested the torch relay in San Francisco? What was the torch relay protested by in many cities along the North American and European route? How many times was the torch relay extinguished by Chinese security officials during the Paris leg? Who described the attacks on the torch in London and Paris as "despicable"? What was the number of protesters in San Francisco? What was the number of protesters in San Francisco? What was the number of protesters in San Francisco? How many skirmishes were reported between protesters and supporters? Where were no major protests visible in the torch relay? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? What influenced the IOC's decision to scrap global relays in future editions of the games? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? What did Rogge stop short of cancelling the relay altogether? What influenced the IOC's decision to scrap global relays in future editions of the games? What did the Beijing Games' Organizing Committee announce in June 2008? What did the Beijing Games' Organizing Committee announce in June 2008? What is the name of the traditional Chinese design of the Olympic Torch? How high is the Olympic Torch? What is the weight of the Olympic Torch? What is used to ignite and extinguish the flame? What is the name of the traditional Chinese design of the Olympic Torch? How high is the Olympic Torch? How long is the Olympic Torch designed to remain lit? How high is the Olympic Torch? How long is the torch fueled? What color did the Air China Airbus A330 have? What color did the Air China Airbus A330 have? When was Air China chosen as the designated Olympic torch carrier? How long did the Air China Airbus A330 travel? What color did the Air China Airbus A330 have? What color did the Air China Airbus A330 have? What color did the Air China Airbus A330 have? How long did the Air China Airbus A330 travel? How long did the Air China Airbus A330 travel? How many continents did the torch route carry? What did Beijing and Taipei disagree over? What were the Olympic committees of China and Chinese Taipei arguing about the torch route? How many continents did the torch route carry? What group attempted to continue negotiations on the torch route in Taiwan? What were the Olympic committees of China and Chinese Taipei arguing about the torch route? How long was the torch route in Taiwan? When was the Olympic Flame ignited? How many members of Reporters Without Borders attempted to disrupt a speech by Liu Qi? Who was the torchbearer of the 2004 Summer Olympics? Who ignited the torch of the first torchbearer? How many protesters were taken into police custody? How many members of Reporters Without Borders attempted to disrupt a speech by Liu Qi? Who ignited the torch of the first torchbearer? Who was the torchbearer of the 2004 Summer Olympics? Who was the torchbearer of the 2004 Summer Olympics? Where did protests continue after the hand-off of the torchbearer? What was the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? What was the name of the major shareholder in the French hypermart Carrefour? What did some Chinese protesters add to the French flag? Where did Chinese protesters boycott the French-owned retail chain Carrefour? What was the name of the major shareholder in the French hypermart Carrefour? What did the Chinese government attempt to "calm the situation"? What was the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? What did the People's Daily urge Chinese people to express in an orderly and legal manner? What did the People's Daily urge Chinese people to express in an orderly and legal manner? What did the People's Daily urge Chinese people to express in an orderly and legal manner? Where was the first torchbearer in Kazakhstan? How long was the route from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? What was the name of the first torchbearer in Kazakhstan? How long was the route from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? Who were arrested and some were deported back to China? What country was the first torchbearer in Almaty? How long was the route from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? How long did the torchbearer route run from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? Who were arrested and some were deported back to China? When was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? Where did the torch relay leg in Istanbul finish? When was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? Who protested at Chinese treatment of their compatriots living in Xinjiang? Where was the torch relay leg held? When was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? When was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? Who protested at Chinese treatment of their compatriots living in Xinjiang? Who arrested protesters who tried to disrupt the torch relay? When did the Olympic torch arrive in Saint Petersburg? What was the length of the torch relay route in Saint Petersburg? Where did the Olympic torch start? Who was the first active MMA fighter to carry the Olympic flame? Where did the Olympic torch arrive on April 5? What was the length of the torch relay route in Saint Petersburg? What was the length of the torch relay route in Saint Petersburg? Who was the first active MMA fighter to carry the Olympic flame? Where was the torch relay leg held? Where was the torch relay leg held? How much did the torch relay cost? Where was the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Where was the torch relay leg held? How long was the torch relay leg? Who was the chairman of the London Olympic Committee? How many torch-bearers were in London? Who started the torch-bearer relay in London? Who refused to carry the torch? Who welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street? Who started the torch-bearer relay in London? How many torch-bearers were in London? Who refused to carry the torch? Who welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street? Who attempted to snatch the torch from Konnie Huq? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? What did the torch finish at the town hall at the request of Chinese authorities? Who did the Chinese flame attendants extinguish the torch? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? Where was the torch relay leg held? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? How many French police protected the torch relay? How many times did the torch relay be loaded onto a bus? What did Chinese officials cancel the torch relay ceremony? Who was the third torchbearer in the Paris leg? What did Jin Jing receive from ethnic Chinese worldwide? What did Chinese officials cancel the torch relay ceremony? Who was the third torchbearer in the Paris leg? What did Jin Jing receive from ethnic Chinese worldwide? What did Chinese officials cancel the torch relay ceremony? What tower did Reporters Without Borders scale to hang a protest banner from? What tower did Reporters Without Borders scale to hang a protest banner from? What cathedral did Reporters Without Borders hang an identical banner from? What tower did Reporters Without Borders scale to hang a protest banner from? What tower did Reporters Without Borders scale to hang a protest banner from? What tower did Reporters Without Borders scale to hang a protest banner from? How many pro-Tibet protesters gathered at the Trocadéro? Who spoke to the media about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? Who was the President of the French Tibetan community? How many pro-Tibet protesters gathered at the Trocadéro? How many pro-Tibet protesters gathered at the Trocadéro? Who spoke to the media about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? What did Jane Birkin speak about in China? What did all political parties in Parliament request a pause in? What did the banner read? What did the protesting MPs shout as it passed? Who organised a protest? What did all political parties in Parliament request a pause in? What did the banner read? What did the protesting MPs shout as it passed? What did the French police confiscate from demonstrators? What newspaper commented that the French police did so much that only the Chinese were given freedom of expression? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? What did the French police confiscate from demonstrators? What was forbidden everywhere except on the Trocadéro? Who was the Minister of the Interior? Who struck a cameraman in the face? Where was the torch relay held? When did the North American torch relay occur in San Francisco? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the torch to leave for Buenos Aires? Who was the head of the U.S. Olympic Committee? Where was the torch relay held? What was the name of the torch relay in San Francisco? Who gave the torch to the first torchbearer? Where was the torch to leave for Buenos Aires? When did the Beijing Olympic torch arrive in San Francisco? What did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors welcome the Beijing Olympic torch with? On what date were protests planned? When did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approve a resolution addressing human rights concerns? When did the Beijing Olympic torch arrive in San Francisco? What was the name of the actor who led the protests? What was the name of the actor who led the protests? How many banners were unfurled on the Golden Gate Bridge in 2008? Who did Laurel Sutherlin urge the International Olympic Committee to ask China not to allow the torch to go through Tibet? What country had already requested the torch route in San Francisco be shortened? How many banners were unfurled on the Golden Gate Bridge in 2008? Who spoke to KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone? How many activists face charges related to trespassing, conspiracy and causing a public nuisance? How many banners were unfurled on the Golden Gate Bridge in 2008? How long did the torchbearer stay on a waterfront pier? When did the torchbearers eject Tibetan flags from the relay? When did the torchbearers eject Tibetan flags from the relay? When did the torch run end? When did the torch run end? Where did the torch resurface? When was the torch relay leg held in Buenos Aires, Argentina? Where was the torch relay leg held? Who gave the torch to the first torchbearer? Where was the torch relay leg held? Where was the torch relay leg held? Who gave the torch to the first torchbearer? Who gave the torch to the first torchbearer? What was the only Latin American stop on the flame's five-continent journey? Who was a pro-Tibet activist? Where did protesters organize an alternative march? What banner was displayed on the torch route? Who was a pro-Tibet activist? Where did protesters organize an alternative march? What banner was displayed on the torch route? What banner was displayed on the torch route? What is the name of the NGO that aims to show the contradiction between the Olympic Games and the presence of widespread human rights violations in China? Who is the outreach director of HRTR? What is the name of the non-government non-profit funded by fmr? Who caused a major setback to "Friends of Falun Gong"? How many police officers were involved in the torch relay? What did the protests of the torch relay attempt to extinguish? What is the name of the non-government non-profit funded by fmr? Who caused a major setback to "Friends of Falun Gong"? How many police officers were involved in the torch relay? What did the protests of the torch relay attempt to extinguish? What did the protests of the torch relay attempt to extinguish? Where was the torch's only stop in Africa? When was the torch's only stop in Africa? What was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s? Where was the torch's only stop in Africa? How long did the torch stop in Africa? How long did the torch stop in Africa? What was the largest foreign aid project of the 1970s? Who lit the torch? What was the torch's only stop in the Middle East? When was Sultanate of Oman's torch stop? Who was one of the torchbearers? What was the torch's only stop in the Middle East? How many kilometers did the Sultanate of Oman relay cover? Who was one of the torchbearers? When did the Olympic torch reach Islamabad? Where was the torch carried around? Who spoke at the opening ceremony of the torch relay? What torch reached Islamabad for the first time on April 16? What was the torch originally supposed to carry around Islamabad? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? Which Indian national football captain refused to take part in the torch relay? How many torchbearers did Bhutia refuse to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? How many torchbearers did Bhutia refuse to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay? Which Indian national football captain refused to take part in the torch relay? What is the security normally associated with in New Delhi? Who was the Indian ambassador to Beijing? Who cancelled an official trip to Beijing in protest? Who was the Commerce Minister of India? When was the ambassador summoned to the Foreign Ministry? What has the Indian authorities decided to shorten the route of the relay in New Delhi? What has the Indian authorities decided to shorten the route of the relay in New Delhi? How many Tibetans did India want the torch route to be clear of? What did Indian officials say India was in response to Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of the Tibetan exile community? How many Tibetans were in exile? How many Tibetans did India want the torch route to be clear of? What did Indian officials say India was a democracy? What did Indian officials refuse permission to do? What is the combined effect of the torch route? What government is based in India? What was Kiran Bedi's name? What was Kiran Bedi's name? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? On what date was a protest organised in Delhi? What was Kiran Bedi's name? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? When was a protest organised in Delhi? When was a protest organised in Delhi? What did Kiran Bedi say she didn't want to run in the event? What was Thailand's first torchbearer's visit to Thailand? Who was the Chairwoman of the Green World Foundation? What did students tell the media that the Chinese Embassy provided them with? What was Thailand's first torchbearer's visit to Thailand? How many kilometers did the April 18 relay cover? Who threatened to arrest foreign protesters and ban them from entering Thailand? What torchbearer boycotted the April 18 relay? When was the event held in Kuala Lumpur? What city was the capital city of Malaysia? Where did the 16.5 km long-relay begin? What was the last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia? Where did the 16.5 km long-relay begin? How long was the event held in Kuala Lumpur? What was the last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia? How many personnel guarded the event? How many people were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay? How many people were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay? What was the name of the Japanese family who unfurled a Tibetan flag? What was the name of the Japanese family who unfurled a Tibetan flag? Who took away placards from two other Malaysians protesting at the relay? When did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? Who requested the cancellation of the original 20 km relay through Jakarta? How many people were admitted to Jakarta's stadium? When did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? How long did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? What was the reason for the cancellation of the original 20 km relay through Jakarta? What was the reason for the cancellation of the relay through Jakarta? Where did protests take place? When was the event held in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory? Who was the indigenous elder of Ngunnawal? What did Agnes Shea offer the Ngunnawal people? Who argued over the role of the Chinese flame attendants during a press conference? Where was the event held? How many km of Canberra's central areas were covered by the event? How many km of Canberra's central areas were covered by the event? Who kept the Australian Federal Police apart? Who was the indigenous elder of Ngunnawal? What country requested permission to deploy People's Liberation Army personnel along the relay route? What did the Chinese Students and Scholars Association call to do? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who said Chinese officials were urging supporters to "turn up and put a point of view"? What country requested permission to deploy People's Liberation Army personnel along the relay route? Who has been given powers to search relay spectators? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who said Chinese diplomats were assisting with the organization of buses, meals and accommodation for pro-Beijing demonstrators? Who said Chinese officials were urging supporters to "turn up and put a point of view"? Who did Lin Hatfield Dodds withdraw from the event? Who said that Lin Hatfield Dodds' decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who did Lin Hatfield Dodds withdraw from the event? Who said that Lin Hatfield Dodds' decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the torch relay? Who confirmed that the Chinese embassy was closely involved to ensure that "pro-China demonstrators vastly outnumbered Tibetan activists?" Who ended the Australian leg of the torch relay? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the torch relay? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the torch relay? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? Who confirmed that the Chinese embassy was closely involved to ensure that "pro-China demonstrators vastly outnumbered Tibetan activists?" Where was Japan's Winter Olympics held? When was the Winter Olympics held in Nagano? Where was Japan's Winter Olympics held? What event was held in Nagano? What temple was originally scheduled to be the starting point for the Olympic torch relay in Nagano? What was the name of the new starting point for the torch relay in Nagano? How many Chinese guards were allowed to accompany the torch? Where was the 1988 Summer Olympics held? What event was held in Seoul? Where did the torch relay begin? What did Chinese students throw on the torch relay? Where was the 1988 Summer Olympics held? What event was held in Seoul? On what date was the event held in Pyongyang? Who was the head of the country's parliament? Who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team? What obelisk commemorates the national ideology of Juche? Who did Pak Du Ik play on? What event was held in Pyongyang on April 28? Who organized the torch relay in Pyongyang? Who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team? What is the name of the UNICEF's children's agency? What country is frequently listed among the world's worst offenders against human rights? What was UNICEF's mission to raise awareness of? Who did UNICEF withdraw from the United Nations Organization? What was UNICEF's mission to raise awareness of? What country is frequently listed among the world's worst offenders against human rights? On what date was Vietnam's torch relay held in Ho Chi Minh City? Where was the torch relay held? How many torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium? How many torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium? How many torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium? What country is involved in a territorial dispute with China for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands? What is Vietnam involved in in a territorial dispute with China? What country is involved in a territorial dispute with China for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands? What country is involved in a territorial dispute with China for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands? What is the name of the Prime Minister who warned government agencies that "hostile forces" may try to disrupt the torch relay? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi prior to the rally? Who was deported for planning protests against the torch? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi prior to the rally? What is the real name of iu Cày? Who was deported for planning protests against the torch? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? What did the official website of the torchbearer remove? On what date was the event held in Hong Kong? Who was the first torchbearer in Hong Kong? What was the name of the first torchbearer in Hong Kong? Where did the torchbearer end in Golden Bauhinia Square? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? What was the name of the first torchbearer in Hong Kong? What was the name of the first torchbearer in Hong Kong? How did the torchbearer travel through the Shing Mun River? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? What did members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China wave? When did the Tiananmen Square protests take place? Who did Christina Chan wrap the Tibetan snow lion flag around her body? What did Christina Chan and some of the protesters take away from? Who is currently suing the Hong Kong government? What was the name of the pro-democracy activist who waved novelty inflatable plastic Olympic flames? Who was the Legislative Council member of Hong Kong? Who did Christina Chan wrap the Tibetan snow lion flag around her body? What group was led by Jens Galschit? What did Galschit paint? What were Galschit and other people denied entry to Hong Kong on April 26, 2008? What actress was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport? Who said the government's decision to allow Farrow to enter is a violation to Hong Kong's one country, two systems policy? In what year did Galschit paint the "Pillar of Shame"? What did Galschit paint? What were Galschit and other people denied entry to Hong Kong on April 26, 2008? What actress was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport? When was the first torchbearer to travel to Macau? Where was a ceremony held? How many torchbearers participated in the event? Who were the first and last torchbearer in the relay? Who was the first torchbearer in the relay? When was the first torchbearer to travel to Macau? How many torchbearers participated in the event? Who were the first and last torchbearer in the relay? How many torchbearers participated in the event? Who was the first torchbearer in the relay? Who was arrested for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay? When did orchidbbs.com and cyberctm.com shut down? Who was arrested for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay? Who was arrested for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay? Who is the head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation? When did the torch arrive in Sanya, Hainan? What Chinese big names attended the torch's arrival in Sanya, Hainan? When did the torch arrive in Sanya, Hainan? What country did the torch return to on May 4? What is the name of the International Olympic Committee? Where did the torch arrive on May 4? Who have accused Western media coverage of being biased? What has Chinese media coverage been described as partial and censored? Who criticised Libération for its biased reporting? What media coverage of the torch relay has been distinct from elsewhere? Who have accused Western media coverage of being biased? What was the name of the company that did not broadcast the torch lighting ceremony? Who criticised Libération for its biased reporting? What did Xinhua say Libération supported? What did the Chinese media focus on in response to pro-Tibet and pro-human rights protests? What did Xinhua and CCTV condemn? Who did Xinhua say protesters were "radicals" who "trampled human rights"? What did Xinhua say protesters were? Who did Xinhua say protesters were "radicals" who "trampled human rights"? Who quoted relay spectators who condemned the protests? What did the official Chinese website for the Delhi relay say? What was the official Chinese website for the Delhi relay? What did the official Chinese website for the Delhi relay say? What was the official Chinese website for the Delhi relay? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What did Libération say it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What did Libération say it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media? What is the name of the cable news network? What is the name of the cable news network? What did the Chinese government call on CNN to apologise for insulting the Chinese people? What was the name of the article that the BBC published on April 19? Who said that Chinese people were able to access the BBC News website for the first time after years of strict censorship? How many people gathered outside the BBC buildings in Manchester and London? Who said that Chinese people were able to access the BBC News website for the first time after years of strict censorship? What did Paul Danahar say people who criticise the media for their coverage in Tibet should acknowledge? When did the People's Daily publish a report entitled "Overseas Chinese rally against biased media coverage, for Olympics?" When did the People's Daily publish a report entitled "Overseas Chinese rally against biased media coverage, for Olympics?" What was the name of the site that was criticized by the Chinese government on April 4? Who created the anti-cNN website? Who created the anti-cNN website? Who voiced suspicions that Anti-cnn may be a semi-government-made website? How many unarmed attendants did the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee send out? When was the "Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit" sworn in? What are the attendants intended to accompany the torch every step of the way? What is the name of the torch attendants? How many unarmed attendants did the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee send out? When was the "Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit" sworn in? What are the attendants intended to accompany the torch every step of the way? What is the name of the torch attendants? What was the name of the major shareholder of Carrefour? Who was the major shareholder of Carrefour? Who did the LVMH Group donate funds to? What was Swastika added to? Who was the major shareholder of Carrefour? What did Chinese protesters call for protests in front of French consulates and embassy? When did the Chinese government try to calm the protests? What newspaper urged Chinese people to express their patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally? What was the name of the internet forum that the Chinese government censored? When did the protests break out in front of Carrefour's stores? What did the Chinese government fear the protests may spiral out of control? What newspaper urged Chinese people to express their patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally? When did the Chinese government try to calm the protests? Where did the protests take place on May 1? What did Nagano Mayor Shoichi Washizawa say was a "great nuisance" for the city to host? What did Nagano Mayor Shoichi Washizawa say it has become for the city to host the torch relay? Who vandalised Nagano City's torch relay? What did Nagano Mayor Shoichi Washizawa say was a "great nuisance" for the city to host? What did Nagano Mayor Shoichi Washizawa say it has become for the city to host the torch relay? Who vandalised Nagano City's torch relay? How many lanterns is the Olympic Flame kept alight? How many lanterns is the Olympic Flame kept alight? Which Hong Kong legislator was not allowed to enter Macau? Who is the official Chinese torch relay website called? What did Western media initially give Jin Jing a little mention? How many attendants will accompany the flame on the Mainland China route? How many attendants will accompany the flame on the Mainland China route? What did Principia Mathematica's book drew important connections between? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica? Who wrote the incompleteness theorem of 1931? What was Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931? Who wrote Whitehead and Russell's book? What was Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem demonstrate? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica? What did Principia Mathematica's book drew important connections between? In what year was The Aims of Education delivered as an address? What did Whitehead caution against? What did Whitehead say about education with inert ideas? In what year was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? When was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? In what year was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? In what year was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? What did Whitehead caution against in his essay? How many important concepts did Whitehead advocate? What did Whitehead advocate? What is the opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model? What is the opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model? How many important concepts did Whitehead advocate? What is the opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model? What is the opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model? Why did Whitehead never have formal training in philosophy? Who did Whitehead become one of the 20th century's foremost metaphysicians? What did Whitehead become in the 20th century? Who was Whitehead's former student? What did Whitehead never have beyond his undergraduate education? Who was Whitehead's friend? What rank did Whitehead consider himself to be? In what century did Whitehead become one of the foremost metaphysicians? What did Whitehead say he dislikes metaphysics? Why are metaphysical assumptions not easily seen? Why did Whitehead believe that people need to re-imagine their basic assumptions about how the universe works? What did Whitehead believe metaphysical investigations are essential to? What do scientists and philosophers make about how the universe works all the time? Why are metaphysical assumptions not easily seen? What did Whitehead believe people need to re-imagine their basic assumptions about how the universe works if philosophy and science are to make any real progress? What did Whitehead consider metaphysical investigations to be essential to? What is the Cartesian idea that reality is fundamentally constructed of? What did Whitehead reject in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology? What did Whitehead use the term "experience" very broadly? What did Whitehead argue about Descartes' separation of two different kinds of real existence? What did Whitehead call his metaphysical system? What did Whitehead reject in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology? What did Whitehead reject in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology? What did Whitehead reject in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology? What did Whitehead argue that the most basic elements of reality can all be regarded as? What did Whitehead refer to his metaphysical system as? What does Whitehead call the "fallacy of misplaced concreteness"? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What are the "classical" concepts that fail to adequately account for change? What is conceived of as a single person philosophically described as? What does Whitehead call a "society" of? What are the "classical" concepts that fail to adequately account for change? What do "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What does Whitehead call a society of events? What is conceived of as a single person philosophically described as? What are the only fundamentally existent things in Whitehead's cosmology? What is often seen as having a "defining essence" or a "core identity" that is unchanging? What type of changes are qualitative and secondary to their core identity? What is a thing or person often seen as having? What are the only fundamentally existent things in Whitehead's cosmology? What are the only fundamentally existent things in Whitehead's cosmology? What is a useful way of speaking? What do Identities do not define people? What is easy and convenient to think of people and objects as? What is a convenient generalized description of a continuum of particular, concrete processes? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? How old is a ten-year-old person? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What does Whitehead think of people and objects as remaining fundamentally the same? What is a matter that is only externally related to? What does the idea of matter as primary make people think of objects as fundamentally separate in time and space? What do relations take a primary role in Whitehead's view? What does materialism see every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects? What is a second problem with materialism? What is a second problem with materialism? What does materialism see every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects? What is a matter that is only externally related to other things? What does Whitehead describe any entity as in some sense? What does a real thing force the rest of the universe to in some way conform to? What is a real thing that forces the rest of the universe to in some way conform to it? What are relations not secondary to? What does Whitehead describe any entity as in some sense? What is a real thing that forces the rest of the universe to in some way conform to it? What are relations not secondary to? What does Whitehead describe any entity as in some sense? What does a real thing force the rest of the universe to in some way conform to? Where did Whitehead's interest extend to? Who was one of the first theologians to attempt to interact with Whitehead's thought? In what year did Temple's Gifford Lectures take place? What does feminism unite political struggle and spirituality with? What fields did Whitehead come from? Where were early followers of Whitehead found? Who initiated an interest in Whitehead's work? Who was the most notable scholar of Whitehead? What did Wieman, Hartshorne, Loomer, Meland, and Daniel Day Williams make Whitehead's philosophy arguably the most important intellectual thread running through the Divinity School? Where is Whitehead's thought currently growing the most quickly? What has China begun to blend traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism with Whitehead's "constructive post-modern" philosophy? What has China begun to blend with Whitehead's "constructive post-modern" philosophy? How many university-based centers have been built for the study of Whitehead's philosophy? What is the focus of the educational system that includes the teaching of values rather than bare facts? What is one reason Whitehead's metaphysical ideas seem counter-intuitive? What is one reason Whitehead's influence has not been more widespread? What is the perception of metaphysics itself? What has Whitehead not been recognized as particularly influential in? What philosophical school has historically had a close relationship with process philosophy? Who did Whitehead think of? Who is one example of a philosopher who advocates both process philosophy and pragmatism? Who was one of the founders of pragmatism? Who was a student of Hartshorne? What has Whitehead's theory of gravitation been severely criticized? Who are among those whose work has been influenced by Whitehead? What has Whitehead's view been rendered obsolete? What is phenonena observed locally that violates the kind of local flatness of space that Whitehead assumes? What must Whitehead's cosmology be regarded as? What award did Cobb receive? What was the name of the first single-authored book in environmental ethics? Who was the Grawemeyer Award for Ideas Improving World Order? What was the name of Cobb's second book? What was the name of Cobb's second book? Who developed the FEELS model? What are the five things that "FEELS" stands for in curriculum and education? What is the purpose of the FEELS model? What is the result of the FEELS model? Who is one of the leading figures having an explicitly Whiteheadian and panexperientialist stance towards management? What is Mark Dibben's stance towards management? In what fields has Dibben published two books on applied process thought? What has Whitehead had some influence on? How many books has Dibben published? When did Whitehead turn his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science? What did Whitehead turn his attention to? What did Whitehead reject the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another? What did Whitehead reject the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by? What are Whitehead's philosophical works regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy? When did Whitehead turn his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science? When did Whitehead turn his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science? What did Whitehead turn his attention to? What did Whitehead's metaphysical system depart from most of western philosophy? What did Whitehead reject the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? When was Alfred North Whitehead born? Who founded Chatham House Academy? What was Alfred Whitehead's father's name? What was the name of Whitehead's mother? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? When was Alfred North Whitehead born? Who founded Chatham House Academy? Who was Whitehead's mother? Who was Whitehead's wife? What system did Whitehead accept in 1918? In what year was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London? In what year was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London? When did Whitehead leave America? What did Whitehead do to make the school more accessible to less wealthy students? Who was a member of the Imperial College London? In what year was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London? Who was a member of the Imperial College London? When did Whitehead leave America? What is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead? What did Lowe's family do after Whitehead's death? What was Whitehead known for? What did Lowe do on the first page of Whitehead's biography? What is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead? What is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead? Why did Lowe leave no Nachlass? What was Whitehead known for? Who wrote Principia Mathematica? Who wrote Principia Mathematica? What was the purpose of Principia Mathematica? Who wrote Principia Mathematica? In what century was Principia Mathematica regarded as one of the most important works in mathematical logic? How many books did Whitehead write on the subject? Who wrote a treatise on Universal Algebra? Who wrote Principia Mathematica? Who wrote Principia Mathematica? When was a Treatise on Universal Algebra published? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to? What is the main idea of the work? Who wrote that it possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes? What drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class? Who wrote that it possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes? What is the main idea of the work? How long did Whitehead and Russell think Principia Mathematica would take to complete? How long did Principia Mathematica take to complete? How many pounds did Whitehead and Russell pay for Principia Mathematica? How many pounds did Whitehead and Russell pay for the three-volume work of Principia Mathematica? What is the name of the major academic library in the world that does not hold a copy of? How long did Whitehead and Russell think Principia Mathematica would take to complete? How long did Principia Mathematica take to complete? How many pages did Whitehead and Russell initially publish Principia Mathematica? How many pounds did Whitehead and Russell pay for Principia Mathematica? Who paid the loss of 300 pounds of Principia Mathematica? What is Whitehead's philosophical work considered to be among the most difficult to understand in? In what year did Arthur Eddington publish Process and Reality? What was the name of Whitehead's Gifford lectures? Who struggled to follow Whitehead's writings? What was the name of Whitehead's Gifford lectures? In what year did Arthur Eddington publish Process and Reality? What is Whitehead's philosophical work considered to be among the most difficult to understand in all of the western canon? What did Mathews' frustration with Whitehead's books not negatively affect? How did many philosophers and theologians at Chicago's Divinity School perceive Whitehead? Who did Chicago's Divinity School invite to give a lecture explaining Whitehead's thought? How long was Henry Nelson Wieman taught at Chicago's Divinity School? Who was frustrated with Whitehead's books? What school did many philosophers and theologians at Chicago's Divinity School perceive the importance of Whitehead? Who did Chicago's Divinity School invite to give a lecture explaining Whitehead's thought? Who did Chicago's Divinity School invite to give a lecture explaining Whitehead's thought? How many years did Wieman teach at Chicago's Divinity School? What is the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century? What is the name of the text that Whitehead questioned? Who questioned western philosophy's most dearly held assumptions about how the universe works? What is the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century? What is the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century? What did Whitehead question? Who questioned western philosophy's most dearly held assumptions about how the universe works? What did Whitehead provide in the 21st century? What is creativity for Whitehead? What is the absolute principle of existence? What do most entities not have? What means that there will always remain phenomena that are unpredictable? What is creativity for Whitehead? What is a valuation of an entity? How is creativity determined? What is the Latin word for "prehension"? What does the term "prehension" mean? What term did Whitehead use to describe perception that was not limited to living, self-conscious beings? What is the Latin word for "prehension"? What does prehension mean? What is the term "prehension" meant to indicate? What is the term for presentational immediacy? What does the term "prehension" apply to? What does the term "prehension" mean? What two modes of perception does Whitehead consider perception to be occurring? What is the sense of causal relations between entities? What is pure appearance? Who describes causal efficacy as the experience dominating the primitive living organisms? What is referred to as "pure sense perception"? What is referred to as "pure sense perception"? What does Whitehead call causal efficacy? What is referred to as "pure sense perception"? What is symbolic reference a fusion of? What is the term for a person's encounter with a chair? What is symbolic reference a fusion of? What is the term for "symbolic reference"? What is symbolic reference a fusion of? What does "symbolic reference" mean? What does Whitehead say an ordinary person looks up, sees a colored shape, and immediately infers? What do most people place objects in categories by habit and instinct? What does Whitehead believe a dog would have acted immediately on? What does Whitehead believe that humans did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them? What is the mark of higher forms of life? What is the goal of higher forms of life? What does Whitehead see life as directed toward? What does Whitehead believe life is comparatively deficient in? What is the mark of higher forms of life? What is the goal of living, living well, and living better? What does Whitehead see life as directed toward? What does Whitehead see the rise of life without a goal? How many years can humans exist? What did Whitehead call the idea of God? What is Whitehead's most famous criticism of the Christian conception of God? What is Whitehead's most important attribute? What does Whitehead believe God is not necessarily tied to? What did Whitehead think of God as a "dipolar" entity? What did Whitehead think of God as a "dipolar" entity? What does Whitehead's conception of God call for fresh theological thinking? What did Whitehead's system require to exist among possibilities? What is God's consequent nature? What does God cherish? What is the judgment of a tenderness that loses nothing that can be saved? What do the experiences of God change? What do finite creatures have an eternal significance? What does Whitehead see God as? What does Whitehead see God as? What does Whitehead see God and the world as? What does Whitehead see entities in the world as fluent and changing? What does Whitehead see as a result of changing God and the world? What was the core of Whitehead's religion? What was Whitehead's most famous remark on religion? What did Whitehead see religion as? What did Whitehead call religion a "dangerous delusion"? What did Whitehead see religion as beginning in? What did Whitehead think religion necessitate? What does the universe make itself whole through the relatedness of each individual entity to all the others? What does the spirit at once surrender to? How are the individual and universal/social aspects of religion? What is Whitehead's influence outside of Claremont? What French sociologist and anthropologist called Whitehead "the greatest philosopher of the 20th century?" In English-speaking countries, Whitehead's primary works are little-studied outside of what? Who taught Whitehead's dissertation? Who remarked that Whitehead stands provisionally as the last great Anglo-American philosopher before Wittgenstein's disciples spread misty confusion, sufficiency, and terror? In what field has Whitehead's work been most influential? Who was the most important early proponent of Whitehead's thought in a theological context? What is Charles Hartshorne credited with developing Whitehead's process philosophy into? What other notable process theologians are credited with developing Whitehead's process philosophy into a full-blown process theology? What does process theology typically stresses? What do process theologians view God as? Who points out that people would not praise a human ruler who was unaffected by either the joys or sorrows of his followers? What is the being who can most appropriately respond to? Who advocates a process naturalism? What has John B. Cobb written? What do Roland Faber and Catherine Keller integrate Whitehead with? Who was Charles Birch? Who wrote Syntheism - Creating God in The Internet Age? Why is process theology difficult to define? What did Whitehead call religion more technically? What does religion contextualize deeply felt emotions? What did religion serve as a bridge between? What is the task of religion to make philosophy applicable to the everyday lives of ordinary people? What fields did Mary Parker Follett have a pioneer in? What do Stout and Staton see both Whitehead and Follett as sharing an ontology thatunderstands becoming a relational process? Who analyzed the connection between Whitehead and Follett? What did many asset managers choose to continue to invest in? What resulted in bad investments by asset managers in over-priced credit assets? How are professional investment managers compensated? What is an incentive for asset managers to expand their assets under management? What was supported by the choice of investing client funds in over-priced investments? What was IndyMac a spin-off of? When was the failure of IndyMac Bank? What was the first visible institution to run into trouble in the United States? What was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market? What was IndyMac Bancorp's parent corporation? When did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgrade the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security bonds? What was the total risk-based capital ratio of Moody's and Standard & Poor's? How much did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgrade the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security bonds? How much did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgrade the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security bonds? What did IndyMac warn the bank might no longer be able to use brokered deposits as a source of funds? What percentage of IndyMac's total deposits were brokered? What percentage of IndyMac's total deposits were brokered? How much did Senator Schumer say brokered deposits made up the majority of IndyMac's total deposits? When did the regulator disallowed IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits? How much did the regulator disallowed IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits on June 30? What percentage of IndyMac's deposits were withdrew in June 2008? What percentage of IndyMac's deposits were withdrew in June 2008? How much loans did IndyMac hold in 2007? Who released a letter to the FDIC and OTS? What was the underlying cause of IndyMac's demise? What was the name of the bridge bank that assumed control of IndyMac Bank's assets, its secured liabilities, and its insured deposit accounts? How much does the FDIC guarantee the funds of all insured accounts? How many depositors have funds in excess of $100,000? When did the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship? When did the FDIC announce plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB? How many mortgage lenders went bankrupt in 2007 and 2008? What was the name of the investment bank that went bankrupt in March 2008? When did the financial institution crisis hit its peak? When did Lehman Brothers file the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history? What was the name of the company that took over the financial institution? What was the equivalent of a bank run on? What type of paper does a bank run on the money market funds often invest in? When did the crisis hit its most critical stage? How much did withdrawal from money markets cost during a week? What was the TED spread? What did Paul Krugman and Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis? What did Paul Krugman and Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis? What did the shadow banking system not provide funds to? Who explained the credit crisis via the implosion of the shadow banking system? How much of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen? What is the primary cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing? According to what institution does the traditional banking system not have the capital to close this gap? What are some forms of securitization likely to vanish forever? What does the Brookings Institution say the traditional banking system does not have to close this gap? How much did the S&P 500 lose between June 2007 and November 2008? How much did the S&P 500 lose between June 2007 and November 2008? What was the potential drop in housing prices from 2006? What was the value of home equity in the United States in 2006? What was the value of home equity in the United States in 2006? What is a serious default risk for a homeowner who has no equity? What is the problem with the economy? How many homeowners had substantial equity in their homes two years ago? What does the creditworthiness of a business depend on? In what year did profit prospects look much worse than they did in 2007? What has prompted fears of a global economic collapse? When did UBS declare that 2008 would see a clear global recession? How many quarters would the Eurozone's last? How many of Iceland's major banks were involved in the economic crisis? How many days later did UBS economists announce the beginning of the end of the crisis? What percentage of global consumption did the Brookings Institution report in June 2009? What was the annualized rate of decline in GDP for the first quarter of 2009? What was the annualized rate of decline in GDP for the first quarter of 2009? What did the US economy spend too much and borrow too much for years? What has the decline in growth in the U.S. been dramatic? How much growth did Kenya achieve in 2009? What is the record amount of migrant workers sent from migrant workers in 2007? How many households have been living below the poverty line? Who is the German DEG? What is the main cause of the reductions in growth? What country was able to avoid going to the market in the latter part of 2008? What did Arab countries avoid going to the market in the latter part of 2008? What is the biggest impact of the global economic crisis? What remains the single most important determinant of economic performance? What remains the single most important determinant of economic performance? What was the unemployment rate in the U.S. by October 2009? What was the average hours per work week in the U.S.? What was the annual rate of the output of goods and services produced by labor and property located in the United States? What was the unemployment rate in the U.S. by October 2009? Why did the number of patent applications flat-lined? Why do Critics argue that Basel III doesn't address the problem of faulty risk-weightings? Why did major banks suffer losses from AAA-rated? Who introduced Basel III regulations for banks? Who argues that regulations have led to excessive lending to risky governments? What did the European regulators introduce Basel III regulations for banks? When did the U.S. recession begin? When did the U.S. recession begin? When did the United States Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission date the crisis? What magazine declared " More Quickly Than It Began, The Banking Crisis Is Over?" When did Barack Obama declare that the markets are now stabilized and we've recovered most of the money we spent on the banks? What led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for from 2007 to 2014? What led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for from 2007 to 2014? What led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? Who said that the growth of a commercial real estate bubble indicates that U.S. housing policy was not the cause of the crisis? When did Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders report the default of commercial loans during the financial crisis? When did the first signs of decline in residential real estate occur? What is the name of the loan underwriting that occurred prior to the crisis? What did other analysts support the contention that the crisis in commercial real estate and related lending took place after the crisis in residential real estate? What products were assigned safe ratings by the credit rating agencies? What did NPR correspondents argue that a "Giant Pool of Money" sought higher yields than those offered by U.S. Treasury bonds early in the decade? What was the pool of money from 2000 to 2007? What products were assigned safe ratings by the credit rating agencies? What did NPR correspondents argue that a "Giant Pool of Money" sought higher yields than those offered by U.S. Treasury bonds early in the decade? What enabled financial institutions to obtain investor funds to finance subprime and other lending? What enabled financial institutions to obtain investor funds to finance subprime and other lending? What type of ratings did the securities first in line receive? What does collateralized debt obligation place into a single pool from which specific securities draw in a specific sequence of priority? What type of rating did securities with lower priority have? What was the average U.S. housing price by September 2008? What was the average U.S. housing price by September 2008? How many properties did lenders begin foreclosure proceedings on in 2007? How many properties did lenders begin foreclosure proceedings on in 2008? By September 2009, what percentage of all U.S. mortgages outstanding were delinquent or in foreclosure? What was the federal funds rate target from 2000 to 2003? What did the Federal Reserve try to combat? What did some economists believe the Fed needed to create to replace the Nasdaq bubble? What did empirical studies using data from advanced countries show that excessive credit growth contributed greatly to the severity of the crisis? What encouraged borrowing? How much did the U.S. current account deficit increase between 1996 and 2004? What was the current account deficit in the U.S. between 1996 and 2004? What were the emerging economies in Asia and oil-exporting nations? What requires that a country running a current account deficit also have a capital account (investment) surplus of the same amount? What type of funds were flowed into the U.S. to finance imports? When did the Fed raise the Fed funds rate? How long did the adjustable-rate mortgage rate reset for homeowners? What did the deflating of the housing bubble cause? When did the Fed raise the Fed funds rate? What did the U.S. housing and financial assets decline in value after the housing bubble burst? How many professional underwriters were in the Consumer Lending Group for Citigroup? How many professional underwriters were in the Consumer Lending Group for Citigroup? How many mortgage companies were "defective" by 2006? How many mortgage companies were "defective" by 2006? How much of production did defective mortgages increase to in 2007? What was the largest residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance company in the United States and Europe? What percentage of the loans met their originators' underwriting standards? How many of the sampled loans did not meet the minimum standards of any issuer? How many of the sampled loans did not meet the minimum standards of any issuer? What was the largest residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance company in the United States and Europe? What does predatory lending refer to? Who used the bait-and-switch method? What is an adjustable rate mortgage? What was the result of the adjustable rate mortgage? What method was used by Countrywide Financial to advertise low interest rates for home refinancing? Who sued Countrywide for "unfair business practices" and "false advertising"? Who sued Countrywide for "unfair business practices" and "false advertising"? What caused Countrywide's financial condition to deteriorate? What caused Countrywide's financial condition to deteriorate? What did Countrywide make high cost mortgages to? Who is the U.S. Treasury Secretary? Who is the U.S. Treasury Secretary? What did OECD study suggest that bank regulation based on Basel accords encourage? Who is the U.S. Treasury Secretary? What did OECD study suggest that bank regulation based on Basel accords encourage? What did financial institutions become prior to the crisis? What type of instruments made it difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? What did these instruments make it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in bankruptcy? What did these instruments make it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in? What type of instruments made it difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? How many U.S. investment banks increased their financial leverage from 2004 to 2007? What did the top five U.S. investment banks increase their vulnerability to? What allowed lower risk weightings for AAA securities? How much debt did the top five U.S. investment banks report in 2007? What company went bankrupt and was liquidated? What is another example of a behavior that may be optimal for an individual? What is the paradox of thrift? What is the paradox of thrift? Who described a "paradox of deleveraging"? What did Minsky describe a "paradox of deleveraging"? Who was the U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair? What did Janet Yellen say we were in when the credit crunch hit? What happened to the credit crunch? What are businesses laying off to preserve cash? What has spread to nearly every corner of the economy? What term refers to the ongoing development of financial products? What is another example of a financial innovation? What is a form of credit insurance called? What is a form of credit insurance called? How did the use of credit default swaps increase in the years leading up to the crisis? When did CDO issuance reach its peak? What was the peak of CDO issuance in Q1 2004? What was the peak of CDO issuance in Q1 2004? What percentage of CDO assets did the level of subprime and other non-prime mortgage debt increase from 2000 to 2007? What was the peak of CDO issuance in Q1 2004? What did the boom in innovative financial products go hand in hand with? What did the boom in innovative financial products multiplied the number of actors connected to a single mortgage? What did the FICO score on creditworthiness, appraisals and due diligence checks by third party organizations and computer models of rating agencies and risk management desks do? What did the FICO score on creditworthiness, appraisals and due diligence checks by third party organizations and computer models of rating agencies and risk management desks do? In what year did a group of computer scientists build a computational model for the mechanism of biased ratings produced by rating agencies? What can the pricing of risk be measured by? What refers to the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on additional risk? What caused the financial crisis to be more disruptive than it would have been if risk levels were disclosed in a straightforward, readily understandable format? In what format was the financial crisis more disruptive than it would have been if risk levels were disclosed? What caused the financial crisis to be more disruptive than it would have been if risk levels were disclosed in a straightforward, readily understandable format? Why did market participants not measure the risk inherent with MBS and CDOs? Why did market participants not measure the risk inherent with MBS and CDOs? What was the average recovery rate for high quality CDOs? What was the recovery rate for mezzanine CDO? What was the average recovery rate for "high quality" CDOs? Who insured obligations of various financial institutions through the use of credit default swaps? What did AIG use to insured obligations of various financial institutions? When was AIG taken over by the government? How much money did the US taxpayers provide to AIG in 2008 and 2009? What did the basic CDS transaction involve AIG receiving in exchange for a promise to pay money to party B in the event party B defaulted? Who commented that the super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks and started relying on the risk management methods of the banks themselves? What became more and harder to value financial assets? What did the rating agenciesrely on? Who commented that the super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks and started relying on the risk management methods of the banks themselves? What did the international bond rating agencies and bank regulators accept as valid? Who published the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas"? When was the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas" published? When was the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas" published? What did Merrill Lynch try to rectify in 2006? When was the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas" published? Who was the President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank? Who was the President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank? What did Geithner blame for the freezing of credit markets on? What was the "parallel" banking system called? Why were these entities vulnerable? When did the securitization markets begin to close down? When did the securitization markets close down? How much of the private credit markets became unavailable as a source of funds? According to what institution does the traditional banking system not have the capital to close this gap? What is the name of the institution that does not have the capital to close the gap? Who testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in January 2010? Who testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in January 2010? How much did private bond issuance of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and CDOs peaked in 2006? How much was private issuance in 2009? How much was private issuance of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities in 2009? What caused a rise in commodity prices? What was the price of oil from early 2007 to 2008? What was the price of oil from early 2007 to 2008? What are some of the causes of the financial crisis? What does an increase in oil prices tend to divert a larger share of consumer spending into? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? Who regulated the IntercontinentalExchange? Where was the IntercontinentalExchange founded? Which Feminist economists call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession? Which Feminist economists call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession? What do Feminist economists call for a reshaping of both the economy, economics and the economics profession? Which Feminist economists call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession? Who was the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India? Who was the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India? Who was the chairman of the US Federal Reserve in 2005? What was the name of the paper Rajan wrote that was critical of the financial sector? What are these risks known as? Who spoke of the Great Moderation? What did Raghuram Rajan speak of? How many economists did Dirk Bezemer predict the financial crisis? Who confessed himself forced to return to the crisis? Who confessed himself forced to return to the crisis? What magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the 1930s? What magazine claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the 1930s? What is the name of the online business journal that examines why economists failed to predict a major global financial crisis? In what year did the New York Times report that economist Nouriel Roubini warned of a financial crisis? What did the New York Times call Roubini? Who wrote The Black Swan? Who wrote The Black Swan? What was the name of the book written by Nassim Nicholas Taleb? What did Taleb make a big financial bet on? Who believes distinctions exist between the current market malaise and the Great Depression? What was Dow Jones' average fall in 17 months? What was Dow Jones' average fall in 17 months? Who was the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times? What was one of the first victims of Northern Rock's problems? Who did Northern Rock request security from? When did Northern Rock run? When did the British government fail to find a private sector buyer? What was one of the first victims of Northern Rock's problems? What type of loans did IndyMac often make without verification of the borrower's income or assets? What type of loans did IndyMac make without verification of the borrower's income or assets? What type of loans did IndyMac often make without verification of the borrower's income or assets? What was IndyMac's business model? What did IndyMac do to the regulating agencies? What percentage of the poorest families did not have wealth declines during the crisis? How many households did the Federal Reserve survey between 2007 and 2009? What percentage of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percentage of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percentage of the poorest families did not have wealth declines during the crisis? What did the European Commission predict for 2009? How much did the European Commission predict for 2009? What was the negative number for the UK in 2009? What did the IMF at Washington, D.C. predict for 2009? How much did the IMF predict for 2009? What have the U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral? What have governments enacted in addition to borrowing and spending to offset the reduction in private sector demand caused by the crisis? What was the purpose of the new liquidity facilities? What was the purpose of the new liquidity facilities? What have the U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks taken steps to expand money supplies to avoid the risk of a deflationary spiral? What brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse? How much government debt did the central banks purchase in 2008? How much did the governments of European nations and the USA purchase in their major banks? What Nobel laureate explained how the US Federal Reserve was implementing another monetary policy? How did banks spend money in more profitable areas? Who introduced a series of regulatory proposals in June 2009? What do the proposals address? When did Obama propose additional regulations limiting the ability of banks to engage in proprietary trading? Who has publicly argued for the proposed changes? Who has publicly argued for the proposed changes? When did the US Senate pass a reform bill? When did the House pass a reform bill? The Volcker Rule against proprietary trading is not part of what legislation? When did the Senate pass a reform bill? What was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments? What was the decline in consumer wealth estimated in? When did BNP Paribas terminate withdrawals from three hedge funds? What did the crisis play a significant role in the failure of key businesses? When did BNP Paribas terminate withdrawals from three hedge funds? When did the U.S. housing bubble peaked? When did securities suffer large losses? What was the theory that housing prices would continue to escalate? What was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership? What was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership? What report concluded that the financial crisis was the result of high risk, complex financial products and conflicts of interest? When was the Glass-Steagall Act repealed? What did the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission conclude the financial crisis was avoidable? Who did the Levin-Coburn Report conclude the financial crisis was the result of? What did Critics argue that credit rating agencies and investors failed to accurately price the risk involved with mortgage-related financial products? What was the name of the financial agreements that derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices? What was the name of the financial agreements that derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices? What did major global financial institutions that had borrowed and invested heavily in subprime MBS report? What did the financial innovation enable institutions and investors around the world to invest in the U.S. housing market? What was the value of the collateralized debt obligations? How many dollars are the losses estimated in the U.S.? What is the financial incentive for homes worth less than the mortgage loan? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? How did the foreclosure epidemic increase in the U.S.? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? What were some financial institutions known as the shadow banking system? What were some financial institutions known as the shadow banking system? What is a process called that caused the financial system to expand and become increasingly fragile? What has the U.S. Government policy emphasized to encourage business? What has the U.S. Government policy emphasized to encourage business? What did some regulated banks assume while providing the loans described above? What caused the loss of financial institutions to affect the ability to lend? What caused central banks to provide funds to encourage lending and restore faith in the commercial paper markets? Who bailed out key financial institutions and implemented economic stimulus programs? What did banks not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb? When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? What did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission believe the crisis was caused by? What did the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission say was the cause of the crisis? What did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission say was caused by? What did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission say was caused by? What did mortgage lenders create to less creditworthy borrowers? When did the GSEs maintain high underwriting standards? When were the worst loans originated? When were the worst loans originated? What type of enterprises policed mortgage originators and maintained high underwriting standards prior to 2003? Who wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? Who claims that the GSE never purchased subprime loans? Who wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? What did the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission say was not the primary cause of the financial crisis? Who wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? How many substandard loans did Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac hold in 2008? How many substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie hold in 2008? Who did Peter J. Wallison believe the roots of the financial crisis can be traced to? What did Peter J. Wallison believe the roots of the financial crisis can be traced to? How many substandard loans did Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac hold in 2008? When did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing about the safety and soundness of the GSEs? Who called for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs and their swelling portfolio of subprime mortgages? When did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing? What did many of the committee members refuse to accept the OFHEO report? When did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing about the safety and soundness of the GSEs? In what year did the United States Department of the Treasury study lending trends for 305 cities? In what year did the United States Department of the Treasury study lending trends for 305 cities? In what year did the United States Department of the Treasury study lending trends for 305 cities? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions in 1998? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions in 1998? When did CRA rule changes occur? How much did the publicly announced CRA loan commitments total in the years between 1994 and 2007? What do analysts argue that the Federal Reserve's classification of CRA loans as "prime" is based on? What was the cause of the CRA crisis in 1995? When was the terrorist attack? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers to be made? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers to be made? In what magazine did Michael Lewis speak with a trader who noted that there weren't enough Americans with bad credit taking out bad loans to satisfy investors' appetite for the end product? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers to be made? What were the derivatives used to enable large wagers to be made beyond the actual value of the underlying mortgage loans? What type of loans did the US residential housing bubble support? What was the main reason the U.S. residential housing bubble led to financial crisis? What type of loans did the US residential housing bubble support? What did Wallison say other developed countries had during the 1997-2007 period? Who did Peter J. Wallison counter? Where is St. Barthélemy located? What channel separates St. Barthélemy from Saint Martin? What are the Roques? What is the name of the Renaissance Islands? What satellite islets belong to St. Barthélemy? What is the native tongue of the population of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the native tongue of the population of Saint-Barthélemy? How many people speak the St. Barthélemy French patois? What is the native tongue of the population of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the geographical preference between the Créole and Patois? Where did the French Parliament grant COM status? How many members are on the island? When was the last election on the island? When did the new status take effect? How many members are on the island? When was the last election held on the island? What country is responsible for the defence of the island? Who represents the island in the French Senate? When was the first election held? How many policemen are on the island? What type of production is difficult on the island due to the dry and rocky terrain? What type of potato is grown in patches on the island? What did the early settlers produce on the island? What did the early settlers produce on the island? What port did the islanders develop commerce through? What is St. Barthélemy considered a playground of? How many people visit St. Barthélemy every year? What is the price of a beachfront villa on St. Barthélemy? What explain the high standard of living on the island? How is most of the food imported from the US or France? How many hotels does St. Barthélemy have? How many rooms does St. Barthélemy have? What country attracts a labour force to meet the industry needs of St. Barthélemy? How many rooms does Hotel Le Toiny have? How many villas are available to rent on the island? What type of soil does the hills have? What part of the island is greener as it receives more rainfall? In what year did a survey reveal several hundred indigenous species of plants? What is a common sight on the island? Where was coconut palm brought to the island? How many m trees are in the interior areas of the island? What is the night blooming of the aloe or aloe vera? Where was the yellow bell originally from? When was the British army invaded? How many m trees are in the interior areas of the island? When are the dolphins, porpoises and whales seen? What is a common sight along the coastline of the island? What is a common sight along the coastline of the island? How many species of turtles are notable? Where do the green turtles live? What type of shells does the aquafauna have? What species of fish live on the reefs? What species of fish are recorded close to the shore line in shallow waters? Where do ghost crabs live? What do hermit crabs eat? How many zones does the Reserve Naturelle cover? What is the Reserve Naturelle designed to protect? What is prohibited in the Reserve? How many zones does the Reserve Naturelle cover? What is prohibited in the Reserve? How many forts were built by the Swedes for defense purposes? What was the name of the fort that was built by the Swedes for defense purposes? When was the Fort Gustav built? What has been replaced by a modern military building that houses the local gendarmerie? Where is Fort Oscar located? How many restaurants are on St. Barthélemy? Where are some of the finest restaurants located in St. Barthélemy? What does the French call the snack restaurants in St. Barthélemy? What type of dishes are in St. Barthélemy? What type of event does St. Barthémy host throughout the year? When is the Transat AG2R Race held? Where does the Transat AG2R Race originate? How long is the Transat AG2R Race? How long is the Transat AG2R Race? How many sailors navigate each boat? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of St. Barthélemy? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of St. Barthélemy? What is the nearest airport with a runway length sufficient to land a typical commercial jet airliner? Where is the nearest airport with a runway length sufficient to land a typical commercial jet airliner? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of St. Barthélemy? Where is Saint-Barthélemy located? What does Saint-Barth élemy mean? In what language are St. Barts and St. Barths often abbreviated to? What is the name of the indigenous people in Saint-Barth? How long is Puerto Rico to the west in the Greater Antilles? What is the population of Saint Barthélemy? What is the population of Saint Barthélemy? What is the capital of Saint Barthélemy? What was Guadeloupe under Swedish rule at the end of the Napoleonic Wars? When is Saint Barthélemy a popular tourist destination? What is the name of the overseas region and department of France? When did a referendum take place? In what year did Saint Barthélemy become an Overseas Collectivity? What is the name of the town hall on the island of Saint Barthélemy? Who represents the island in Paris? What is the name of the island that provides temporary anchorage for small vessels? How many fathoms patch does Colombier Bay have? What is a visible coral reef on the north and east sides of St. Jean Bay? What type of waters are reefs mostly in? What are some of the offshore reefs part of? What are the public beaches on St Barthélémy known as? What are the public beaches on St Barthélémy known as? What are the two groups of public beaches on St Barthélémy? What are the two groups of public beaches on St Barthélémy? What are the windward beaches popular for? What is the climate on the island? How many square kilometres does the island cover? What is the average rainfall on the island? When is Summer on the island? What is the lowest night temperature recorded on the island? When did the British invade the harbour town? In what year did the Swedes occupy Gustavia? What was the port known as before the British invaded the harbour town? What did the Swedes rename the port as? What war was on in the 18th century? What is Musée Territorial de St.-Barthélemy known as? What is the name of the museum located on the far end of La Pointe? Where is the "Wall House" located? What is the history of the island in Gustavia? What type of boats are on display at the Musée Territorial de St.-Barthélemy? In what disciplines is the genome the genetic material of an organism? What does the genome consist of? What does the genome consist of? Who was the professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany? Who was the professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany? Where was Hans Winkler a professor of botany? What are some related -ome words? How many chromosomes does the gamete have in a sexually reproducing organism? What is accomplished by segregation of homologous chromosomes in gametes? What organelles are haploid organisms? What is the study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms usually referred to as? The study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms is usually referred to as what? What are people referring to when they say the genome of a sexually reproducing species has been? What is a rough correlation between base pairs and the number of genes known as? What is the highest known number of genes for the protozoan causing trichomoniasis? What is the highest known number of genes for the protozoan causing trichomoniasis? How many times as many genes are there in the human genome? Who was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome? What is the name of the viral RNA-genome? Who completed the first DNA-genome sequence? Who completed the first genome sequence of Haemophilus influenzae? When was the first genome sequence for an archaeon completed? Who maintains one of several comprehensive databases of genomic information? What is one of the completed genome sequencing projects? What is one of the many completed genome sequencing projects? When did scientists first sequence the entire genome of a Neanderthal? How old was the genome of a Neanderthal? What type of sequencing technology has opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who pioneered the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who was one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA? Who was James D. Watson's co-discoverer? What is the order of every DNA base in a genome? What project was organized to map and sequence the human genome? Who released a detailed genomic map? Who released a detailed genomic map? What is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome? How can scientists understand the evolutionary history of a given genome? What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? What is the feature of exon-intron organization of protein coding genes in eukaryotes? Where is the major part of the genome composed of repetitive DNA? What is a context for sequencing the genome of a pathogenic microbe? Most biological entities that are more complex than a virus sometimes or always carry additional genetic material besides that which resides in their chromosomes? What is "genome" meant to include? What are eukaryotes such as? What is the DNA found in the chloroplast referred to as? What are mitochondria often referred to as? What is the total number of DNA base pairs in one copy of a haploid genome? What is correlated with the morphological complexity among prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes? What is the mighty influence coming from repetitive DNA act on the genomes? What is experimental work being done on for single cell organisms? What type of work is the work done on minimal genomes for single cell organisms? What are generally non-repetitive DNA? How is the proportion of non-repetitive DNA calculated? How is the proportion of non-repetitive DNA calculated? What type of DNA does C. elegans have? What are some lower eukaryotes that have more non-repetitive DNA? What is the proportion of non-repetitive DNA in some plants and amphibians? What are two categories of repetitive DNA in genome? How is the proportion of repetitive DNA calculated? What type of repeats are usually caused by slippage during replication? What type of repeats are usually caused by slippage during replication? What is the largest proportion of interspersed repeats in mammalian? What are transposable elements able to integrate into the genome at another site within the cell? What is believed to be an important driving force on genome evolution of higher eukaryotes? What is the class 1 of TEs? What are the two categories of TEs? Retrotransposons can be transcribed into what? What do DNA transposons move by in the genome? What type of TEs do not use RNA as intermediate? What is chromosome number? What is a chromosome number, genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content? What do duplications play a major role in shaping the genome? What are duplications fundamental to? What is invoked to explain how there is often extreme similarity between small portions of the genomes of two organisms that are otherwise distantly related? What type of organisms seem to have experienced a transfer of some genetic material from their chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes to their nuclear chromosomes? What cells seem to have experienced a transfer of some genetic material from their chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes to their nuclear chromosomes? What is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude? What is the opposite of a comprehensive school system? Where is the term comprehensive school commonly used? What percentage of British secondary school pupils now attend comprehensive schools? What is the name of the public high school in the United States and Canada? What is a consequence of a wider ranging curriculum? Who provide post-16 provision to schools? What government initiatives have made the comprehensive ideal less certain? How many selective grammar schools are still in operation? When were comprehensive schools introduced to England and Wales? What were comprehensive schools conceived as? What type of education reforms will no doubt have some impact on the comprehensive ideal? When did Finland use comprehensive schools? How old is peruskoulu? What is the name of the comprehensive school in Germany? What kind of classes does the Gesamtschule offer? What type of school does the Gesamtschule offer? What percentage of students attended a Gesamtschule in 2007? What percentage of students attended a Gesamtschule in 2007? What was the name of the new comprehensive school in the German States of Berlin and Hamburg? What was the name of the new comprehensive school in the German States of Berlin and Hamburg? When were Hauptschulen merged with Realschulen and Gesamtschulen to form a new type of comprehensive school in the German States of Berlin and Hamburg? How many college preparatory classes does the "Mittelschule" offer? What does the Hauptschulabschluss stand for? What is the name of the school that does not exist in some States of Germany? What was the average grade of Gymnasium senior students? What party wants to do away with the Gymnasium? Who said that comprehensives were structurally discriminated against by the government? Who is Barbara Sommer? What was Sigrid Beer's name? What might put bright working class students at risk according to several studies? What could be shown that an achievement gap opens between working class students attending a comprehensive and their middle class peers? What is the name of the school that performs the poorest? Who was a fierce proponent of comprehensive schools? What did Fend compare alumni of the tripartite system to alumni of comprehensive schools? When did Gibraltar open its first comprehensive school? What type of school does Gibraltar have? How can students continue into the sixth form of Gibraltar's comprehensive school? In what year were comprehensive schools introduced into Ireland? Who was the Minister for Education in 1966? What was the only system of schools completely controlled by the state? What type of school system has been superseded by the community school concept? In what decade was the secular community model replaced by comprehensive schools? Who owns the school property? What did the community school model remove in the 1970s? What type of schools have tended to be entirely new foundations? In what year was Walworth School one of five 'experimental' comprehensive schools set up? How many 'experimental' comprehensive schools did the London County Council set up in 1946? How many 'experimental' comprehensive schools did the London County Council set up in 1946? When was Holyhead County School founded? What was the name of the early comprehensive school in Coventry? Who was Secretary of State for Education in the 1964-1970 Labour government? What was Anthony Crosland's policy decision in 1965? How many years did the virtual bipartite system see fierce competition for the available grammar school places? In what year did Margaret Thatcher become Secretary of State for Education? What type of schools were established under Margaret Thatcher? In what year did Margaret Thatcher become Secretary of State for Education? When did the majority of local authorities move to a comprehensive system? What were secondary modern schools and grammar schools amalgamated to form? What were Sandwell and Dudley's state secondary schools changed to in the 1970's? What were Sandwell and Dudley's state secondary schools changed to in the 1970's? Who launched the great debate on the education system in 1976? What is the most common type of state secondary school in England? Who launched the great debate on the education system in 1976? When did parents have a right to choose which school their child should go to? When was the Education Reform Act passed? What is government policy currently promoting? What has this logic underpinned? What is Scotland's educational system based on? Who has rejected plans for specialist schools as of 2005? When did the Scottish Government reject plans for specialist schools? What country is education similar to in Northern Ireland? What type of system is education in Northern Ireland similar to in England and Wales? What is the French name of the Republic of the Congo? What country is the northeast of the Republic of the Congo? How many countries are bordered by the Republic of the Congo? How many countries are bordered by the Republic of the Congo? Where is the Republic of the Congo located? What tribes dominated the Congo River basin? When did Congo-Brazzaville become the Republic of the Congo? In what year was the Republic of the Congo Civil War ousted? In what year was the Republic of the Congo Civil War ousted? What made Republic of Congo the fourth largest oil producer in the Gulf of Guinea-Bissau? What was the result of the poor state of the country's infrastructure and public services? Who founded tribes during the Bantu expansions? When did the Pygmy people begin? What ethnic group occupied parts of present-day Angola, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of the Congo? Who reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? Who reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? Who traded commodities, manufactured goods, and people captured from the hinterlands? When did direct European colonization of the Congo river delta begin? In what century did direct European colonization of the Congo river delta begin? When did the area north of the Congo River come under French sovereignty? Who signed a treaty with Makoko of the Bateke? What was the first name of the Congo Colony? What was the name of the modern Central African Republic? How many lives did the construction of the Congo-Ocean Railroad cost after World War I? When did the Nazi occupation of France occur? When was the Brazzaville Conference? What was the name of the constitution that established the Fourth Republic? What was the name of the constitution that established the Brazzaville Conference? When was the Fifth Republic established? When did the AEF dissolve into its constituent parts? In what year was the Republic of the Congo published? When did Middle Congo publish its first constitution? When did the Republic of the Congo receive full independence from France? Who was the first president of Congo? Who was the leader of the civilian provisional government? Who was the first president of Congo? Who installed a civilian provisional government? In what year was Massamba-Débat elected President? What did the regime adopt during Massamba-Débat's term in office? How many Cuban army troops did Massamba-Débat invite to train his party's militia units? When did Massamba-Débat's regime end? Who assumed the presidency on December 31, 1968? What was the name of Congo Africa's first people's republic? What was the name of the People's Republic of the Congo? In what year did Marien Ngouabi survive an attempted coup? When was Ngouabi assassinated? What country did Sassou Nguesso align with? What country did Sassou Nguesso sign a friendship pact with? What did Sassou Nguesso rely on to maintain? What did Sassou Nguesso rely on to maintain his dictatorship? Who was Congo's first elected president? Who was Congo's first elected president? What year did the IMF approve a three-year SDR69.5m? What year did the IMF approve a three-year SDR69.5m? When did Congo's democratic progress derailed? What was the name of Sassou's private militia? When did the Angolan socialist regime invade Congo to install Sassou in power? When did the Angolan socialist regime invade Congo to install Sassou in power? Who was Sassou's only credible rival? How long was Sassou's term? When was a new constitution agreed upon? When was a peace treaty signed to end the conflict? In what year did Sassou win the presidential election? According to what non-governmental organization was the election marked by "very low" turnout and "fraud and irregularities"? What did the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights say the election was marked by? Who has had a multi-party political system since the early 1990s? Who is backed by his own Congolese Labour Party? What is the name of the Congolese Labour Party? How has Sassou's regime been hit by corruption revelations? Where did one French investigation find over 110 bank accounts and dozens of lavish properties? When did Sassou Nguesso announce that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's 2002 constitution? When did Sassou Nguesso announce that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's 2002 constitution? Who owned the main media in 2008? How many private television channels are there? How many private television channels are there? When do many Pygmies belong to Bantus? What does the Congolese Human Rights Observatory say the Pygmies are treated as? When did the Congolese parliament adopt a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples? Where is Congo located? What are the longitudes of Congo? Where does Congo have a short coast? Where is Congo bounded to the west? What is Cabinda? What is the capital of the Congo River? Where is Brazzaville located? What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo? Where is Kinshasa located? What is the primary drainage of the Kouilou-Niari River? What is the primary drainage for the southwest of the country? What is the primary drainage of the Kouilou-Niari River? Why are forests under increasing exploitation pressure? Where is the country located? What is the average day temperature in the Niari Valley? What is the average day temperature in the Niari Valley? What is the dry season in the Niari Valley? Where did the Wildlife Conservation Society study gorillas in 2006-07? Where did the Wildlife Conservation Society study gorillas? How is the isolation of Western Lowland Gorillas largely preserved? What has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy? What are the mainstays of the economy? What has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy? How much of the GDP does the oil sector account for in 2008? How much of the GDP does the oil sector account for in 2008? What was the average GDP growth in Africa in the 1980s? What was the average GDP growth in Africa in the 1980s? What was the inflation of Franc Zone currencies in 1994? What was the inflation of Franc Zone currencies in 1994? When did the reform program come to a halt? What was the cause of the resumption of armed conflict in December 1998? When was the resumption of armed conflict? What economic problems does the current administration face? When was Congo excluded from the Kimberley Process? When was Congo re-admitted to the Kimberley Process? What type of deposits does the Republic of the Congo have? What organization is the Republic of the Congo a member? How many hectares of land did the Congolese government lease to South African farmers? What type of transportation does the Republic of the Congo include? Who built the Republic of the Congo's rail system in the 1930's? How many km of paved roads are there in the Republic of the Congo? Where does the country have a large port? What part of the country is the Republic of the Congo's sparse population? What percentage of Congo's population lives in a few urban areas? How many spoken languages are in Congo? What is the largest ethnic group in Congo? What percentage of Congo's population is Boulangui? What percentage of Congo's population is Boulangui? How many Europeans lived in Congo before the 1997 war? How many Europeans and non-Africans lived in Congo before the 1997 war? How many American expatriates reside in the Congo? What percentage of Congo's people are Catholics? What is the percentage of Awakening Lutherans in Congo? What percentage of Protestants are in Congo? What percentage of followers of Islam are in Congo? What percentage of the people of Congo are followers of Islam? What percentage of GDP was public expenditure health in 2004? What was the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Congo-Brazzaville in 2012? How much was the health expenditure per capita in 2004? What was the GDP of Congo-Brazzaville in 20 04? What was the maternal mortality rate in 2010? What type of mutilation is rare in the country? What was the maternal mortality rate in 2010? How old is public education in France? What was the net primary enrollment rate in 2005? What do students who complete six years of primary school and seven years of secondary school obtain? What language does Marien Ngouabi University teach at all levels? What is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government? What is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government? Who is the official who is appointed to manage the civil service and execute the directives of the head of state? What system is the prime minister fashioned after? Who holds a largely ceremonial position in parliamentary systems? Who is expected to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature? What is the term for executive powers in some monarchies? Who is expected to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature? Who is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom? Who was Minister of Defence during the Second World War? When was Richelieu named to head the royal council as prime minister of France? When was Richelieu named to head the royal council as prime minister of France? When was Richelieu named to head the royal council? Who did Louis XIV and his descendants try to avoid giving the title to their chief ministers? When did the term prime minister originate in the United Kingdom? Who used the title of prime minister in the 18th century? Who was the head of the government? Who was the head of the government? Who was the head of the government? The power of ministers depended entirely on what? The power of ministers depended entirely on what? Who shared power in Anne's reign? What was Cromwell executed and Clarendon driven into exile when they lost favour? When was the Glorious Revolution? When was the Glorious Revolution? Who became a part of the government? When did Anne die? When did Anne die? Where was George I's home? How long did Walpole hold office? When did Robert Walpole hold office? What doctrine developed under Walpole? What did Walpole require when the cabinet agreed on a policy? Who was the later prime minister? Who always denied that he was "prime minister"? Who did George II and George III make strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch? When did William Pitt the Younger appear in the British Order of precedence? When did William Pitt the Younger appear in the formal British Order of precedence? What type of monarchy did the majority of the world's countries have? What is Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah? When did Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah serve? Who is Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah? What is the name of the parliamentary republics in which the head of state is an elected official? What is the name of the parliamentary republics in which the head of state is an elected official? What is the head of government of the People's Republic of China referred to as? What is the name of the premier of the Republic of China? Who is responsible for carrying out directives of the president and managing the civil service? What is a state of affairs usually referred to as when it arises? What can the parliament force the resignation of? What does Bangladesh's constitution clearly outline? What does Bangladesh's constitution detail? What constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China? What does the Premier read in Chinese? What act added a "Prime Minister of Canada" to Canada's constitution? In what year was Canada's Constitution Act passed? What does Canada's Constitution Act only refer to? What does the Czech Republic's constitution clearly outline? When did the first mention of the United Kingdom's constitution occur? What is the name of the last prime minister in 1905? When was Balfour the last Chancellor of the Exchequer? What year was Margaret Thatcher appointed prime minister? When was Margaret Thatcher appointed prime minister? When did Margaret Thatcher remain in power? What did Margaret Thatcher use the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle? What is formally'renominated' after every general election? What is the position of prime minister normally chosen from? When is the Irish Taoiseach formally'renominated'? How are governments required to have the confidence of the lower house of parliament? What does a small minority of parliaments give a right to block supply to? Where do governments lose a vote of confidence? In many jurisdictions, a head of state may refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of what? What does a head of state have to do to refuse a parliamentary dissolution? In many jurisdictions, a head of state may refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of what? When did the prime minister request a dissolution of parliament? In what year did the Irish Free State Constitution grant power to the Taoiseach? In what year did the Irish Free State Constitution grant power to the Taoiseach? Older constitutions often vest power in what? Who is expected to step down if s/he loses the majority support of his party? What is Rosh HaMemshalah? What is Rosh HaMemshalah? Who is the Spanish prime minister? What is Rosh HaMemshalah? Who is the president of the council of ministers? What is the prime minister called in Scandinavian countries? What is the equivalent term for a national heads of government? What are the few exceptions to the rule? What is Monaco's head of government referred to as? What is the name of the head of government in Vatican City? What is the name of Iran's president? What is the style of Excellency in non-Commonwealth countries? In what country are prime ministers and former prime ministers styled Right Honourable? What is the privilege of former prime ministers and prime ministers in the United Kingdom? What is the name of the country in which prime ministers are styled Right Honourable? Who are the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments? What are the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments called in the UK? What is the name of the Prime Minister in India? What is Pakistan's prime minister referred to as? What is the name of the prime minister in Pakistan? What is the Office of the Prime Minister usually called? What is the Office of the Prime Minister usually called? What term is often abbreviated IT and not to be confused with information technology? When did the English term polytechnic appear? What engineering school was founded in Paris in 1794? What Greek word does the French term polytechnic come from? What are synonymous with the terms "institute of technology" and " polytechnic"? When was the Berg-Schola founded? When did the institutes of technology and polytechnics become popular? What was the Braunschweig University of Technology founded in 1745? When did the École Polytechnique educate French élites? What are institutes of technology and polytechnics? In what year were UK Polytechnics designated as universities? What is the name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution? Where was the Royal Polytechnic Institution founded? What do polytechnics and institutes of technology use to have a quite different statute among each other? What was the name of the new universities? What system did the state owned and funded technical schools belong to? What is the term used to describe technical and further education institutes? In what year was the Melbourne Polytechnic rebranding and repositioning from Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE? In what year did TAFE Tasmania start a 3-year restructure to become the Tasmanian Polytechnic www.polytechnic.tas.edu.au? How many designated Universities of Technology are in Australia? What is a German type of tertiary education institution? What degrees do Fachhochschule grant? What language is the hogeschool similar to? What is the process of Hogeschool institutions in the Flemish Community of Belgium? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? What is the name of the former agricultural institute in Wageningen? Where are Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes located? What is the name of a university in Canada that offers instruction in engineering and applied science degrees? Where are the École Polytechnique de Montréal located? How do Canadian higher education institutions undertake directed and applied research? What is a national alliance of eleven leading research-intensive colleges and institutes of technology? What do some of Canada's most respected colleges and polytechnic institutions participate in? When did China's modern higher education begin? At what university were liberal arts offered? How many of China's elite universities remain essentially polytechnical? When was the law about polytechnic education in Croatia passed? Where does the Geophysics Institute monitor seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity? What is one of the oldest observatories in South America? Who manages the Quito Astronomical Observatory? When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded? The Nuclear Science Department at EPN is the only one in Ecuador? What do qualified professionals do? How many students did MIT pledge to sponsor? What is the name of the French-speaking university in Germany? How many credits did M.Sc. require before Bologna? How many credits did M.Sc. require from a normal university? Where are polytechnic schools distinct from academic universities? What language did some Finnish ammattikorkeakoulus switch the term "polytechnic" to? What is the Swedish alternative to ammattikorkeakoulu? What is the name of a group of universities that provide science and technology curricula as autonomous higher education engineering institutes? What is the name of the IUT? What is the term for institut universitaire de technologie? What is the term for a type of institution called Fachhochschule in the German-speaking part of Switzerland? What is the name of the French École polytechnique? What type of terminology do higher education systems use? What is the name of the French École polytechnique? When were Fachhochschulen first founded? What degrees do Fachhochschulen grant? What type of courses do Fachhochschulen offer? What is the term for Technische Universität? What can Technische Universität focus on? What university has a faculty of medicine associated with? How many largest and most renowned Technische Universitäten in Germany have formed TU9 German Institutes of Technology? How many universities of technology are there in Germany? How many universities of technology are there in Germany? How many states are not operating a Technische Universität? What is a joint-venture of TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig and University of Hanover? When was the Higher Education Reform Act passed? What is the name of the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? When was the Hong Kong Polytechnic established? When was the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong founded? What is the name of the university with a focus in applied science, engineering and business? When were the two polytechnics granted university status? What was the name of the world's first Institute of Technology? What was the name of the world's first Institute of Technology? What was the name of the world's first Institute of Technology? How many autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology are there? How many autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology are there? What is the authority over technical education in India? What is a specific academic award usually awarded in technical or vocational courses? How many public institutes of technology are in Indonesia? How many years does Politeknik offer? What is Ireland's "Institute of Technology" system formerly referred to as? What system did the Dublin Institute of Technology develop separately from? What does Politecnico refer to in higher education? How many Politecnici were there in the north? How many laboratories does the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia have? What was the forerunner of the University of Tokyo's engineering faculty? What is a type of university in Japan that specializes in? How long has Polytechnics been operated in Malaysia? Who established Polytechnics in 1969? Where is Politeknik Ungku Omar located? How many students did Malaysia have in 2012? How many students did Malaysia have in 2012? How many students did Malaysia have in 2012? What is the name of the only technical university in Mauritius? What type of mission does the University of Technology have? What is the name of the tertiary education institution in New Zealand? What is the name of the UCOL? What is the name of the tertiary education institution in New Zealand? What company amalgamated with Massey University? When did New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system consolidate? What did the Central Institute of Technology explore a merger with? Where is Waiarapa Polytechnic located? What is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status? What is the main purpose of the Polytechnic Institutes? What is the main purpose of Polytechnic Institutes? How long is the diploma offered by the Polytechnic institutes in Pakistan? What is a lateral entry to engineering degree? How long is the Bachelor of Science degree awarded by Universities of Engineering & Technology or University of Engineering Sciences? What is a main kind of technical university name in Poland? What were the short-cycle degrees that were known as bacharelatos? When was the Bologna Process? What is a centralized institute? How many polytechnics are in Singapore? How many years do polytechnics offer? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? When did teaching begin? What are university buildings used for? What is a division in South Africa between Universities and Technikons? In what year were Technikons given the power to award certain technology degrees? In what year did former Technikons merged with traditional Universities to form Comprehensive Universities? What were most of Thailand's institutes of technology developed from? What did most of Thailand's institutes of technology not grant in the past? What is the name of King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok? How many former institutes of technology have changed their name to "University of Technology"? What was the previous name of the Rajamangala University of Technology? What is the name of the engineering school in Thammasat University? What is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand? When was Suranaree University of Technology established? What is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand? When was Bursa Technical University founded? How many th technical university is about to be opened in Konya? Where were 2 technical universities opened in 1950s? In what year did UK Polytechnics operate under the binary system of education? Who validated Polytechnics' diplomas and degrees at the national level? What were the comparable institutions in Scotland collectively referred to as? When was the Royal Polytechnic of Central London established? What was the name of the two "Institutes of Science and Technology"? What was Loughborough University called from 1966 to 1996? In what decade did colleges of technology become universities? What Act granted Polytechnics university status? What did the Further and Higher Education Act mean that Polytechnics could confer degrees without oversight of the national CNAA organization? What are some technical institutes merged into? What was the name of the school that provided further education between high school and Polytechnic? What was the name of the school that provided further education between high school and Polytechnic? When was the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? What is the name of the earliest and most famous Polytechnic Institute? What was considered essential for the development of a sound middle class economy? When were institutes of technology developed in Venezuela? Where was the first IUT created? Who adopted the French "Institut Universitaire de Technologie"s system? What is the name of the digital archive of the World Wide Web? What organization created the Wayback Machine? Where is the Internet Archive located? Who created the Wayback Machine? What does the Wayback Machine call the archive? What is the purpose of archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes? What happens when a new version of a site is archived? What is the grand vision of the Linux nodes? What animated cartoon series was Wayback Machine chosen as a droll reference to a plot device? What was the name of the time machine used to witness, participate in and alter famous events in history? What time machine was used to witness, participate in and alter famous events in history? In what year did Brewster Kahle develop software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages? What is the name of the information collected by Brewster Kahle? What is the exclusion standard for websites whose owners opt for them not to appear in search results or be cached? When was Archive-It.org developed? How long had information been kept on digital tape? How long had information been kept on digital tape? When did Kahle's archive reach its fifth anniversary? Where was the archive opened to the public? How long do snapshots usually take? How long do snapshots usually take? What is the frequency of snapshots? When did sites have to be listed on the Open Directory? What was Jeff Kaplan's name for the Internet Archive? When was the Internet Archive founded? How many petabytes of data did the Wayback Machine contain? What was the growth rate of the Wayback Machine in 2003? Where is the data stored in the Wayback Machine? What company manufactures the Wayback Machine? When did the Internet Archive migrate its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage? Where did the Internet Archive migrate its storage architecture to in 2009? Where does the Internet Archive host a new data center? In what year was a new version of the Wayback Machine made available for public testing? When did the Wayback Machine forum say that the Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into 2010? In what year did the index driving the classic Wayback Machine only have a little bit of material? What year did the Beta of the new Wayback Machine have a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials? What was the name of the feature that allows a user to archive the contents of a URL? When did the company announce the "Save a Page" feature? What was the name of the case in which Chordiant filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file? What did Chordiant want Netbula to disable on its web site? What did Chordiant want Netbula to disable on its web site? What did Netbula object to the motion on the ground that defendants were asking to alter Netbula's web site? Who filed a sworn statement supporting Internet Archive's motion? Who did the Magistrate Judge Howard Lloyd order Chordiant to disable the robots.txt blockage? Where did the Magistrate Judge Howard Lloyd live? Who did the Magistrate Judge Howard Lloyd order Chordiant to disable the robots.txt blockage? Telewizja Polska is the provider of what? What network does EchoStar operate? Who rejected Telewizja Polska's assertion of hearsay and unauthenticated source? Who overruled the affidavit of the Internet Archive employee and the underlying pages as evidence? When is a Web page available as prior art? What is an example of an additional requirement? What are the limitations of archiving a web site? What can be exacerbated by the practice of submitting screen shots of web pages in complaints, answers, or expert witness reports? What is another name for the Wayback Machine? What is another name for the Wayback Machine? What could the Wayback Machine be interpreted as? Who can decide where their content is published or duplicated? Where can the exclusion policies for the Wayback Machine be found? When did the Internet Archive remove sites that were critical of Scientology from the Wayback Machine? What was the error message that the Internet Archive removed from the Wayback Machine? Who did the Church of Scientology want to remove their material from the Wayback Machine? What did Harding Earley Follmer & Frailey defend in 2003? What was the name of the plaintiff who amended their complaint to include the Internet Archive? What was the name of the complaint that Healthcare Advocates amended to include? What did Healthcare Advocates accuse the Internet Archive of? What is Robots.txt used as part of? What is Robots.txt used as part of? What is Robots.txt used as part of? What does the Internet Archive say sometimes a website owner will contact us directly and ask us to stop crawling or archiving a site? How much did Suzanne Shell want to pay for archiving profane-justice.org? How much did Suzanne Shell want to pay for archiving profane-justice.org? Who filed a declaratory judgment action on January 20, 2006? Who dismissed all counterclaims except breach of contract? When did the Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell settle their lawsuit? What did the Internet Archive and Shell jointly announce the settlement of their lawsuit? What did the Internet Archive and Shell jointly announce the settlement of their lawsuit? In what year did a pornographic actor try to remove archived images of himself? Where did a pornographic actor send DMCA requests to in 2013-14? What is another name for the Dutch Federation? When did the Dutch Republic separate from Spanish rule? What was the name of the Dutch Republic that preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands? What country was under the Kingdom of France? What county was under the Kingdom of France? Where did most of the Low Countries come under the rule of the House of Burgundy? Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction? In what year did the Netherlands revolt against Philip II? What were Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize? In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed? In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed? What was the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II? When was the Act of Abjuration signed? What was the Union of Utrecht? In what year did the United Provinces invite Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them? When did the United Provinces attempt to take Antwerp? When was William of Orange assassinated? Who did Henry III and Elizabeth I decline the offer of sovereignty after the assassination of William of Orange? In what year did the provinces become a confederacy? When was the Batavian Republic created? Where did the republican forces flee to? What was created by the republican revolutions in 1783-1795? When did the Netherlandsregain independence from France? What treaty used the names "United Provinces of the Netherlands" and "United Netherlands"? What was the Kingdom of the Netherlands informally known as? In what century did the Dutch Republic dominate world trade? What was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world? In what year was the Dutch East India Company founded? What is the name of the world's first stock exchange in the Netherlands? What is the name of the world's first stock exchange in the Netherlands? What court ruled that the Dutch East-India Company had to reside legally in a single city? In what year did the Dutch break the Portuguese sphere of influence on the Indian Ocean and in the Orient? Where did the Dutch slave trade come from? Where did the Dutch break the Portuguese sphere of influence? How many provinces were in the republic? What was the name of the government that governed Generality Lands? How many provinces did the States General consist of? What was the eighth province? What was the county of Drenthe? What was the main executive official? Who had more power than the raadspensionaris? Who had more power than the raadspensionaris? Who were the stadtholders freely appointed by? Which prince of the House of Orange-Nassau was always chosen as stadtholders of most of the provinces? Who had the same stadtholder as Holland? Who supported the stadtholders? Who supported the States General and hoped to replace the semi-hereditary nature of the stadtholdership with a true republican structure? When were several border territories assigned to the United Provinces? What were the border territories assigned to? What was the name of the border territories that were assigned to the United Provinces? Who was in control of the Dutch East India Company? What provinces initiated shipping expeditions? Who influenced the framers of the US Constitution? Who influenced the framers of the US Constitution? What is the Act of Abjuration? When did the Union of Utrecht begin? Which province had the freedom to regulate the religious question as it wished? Who was a strong supporter of public and personal freedom of religion? What church became the "public" or "privileged" church in the Republic? What did any person who wished to hold public office have to conform to during the Republic? What factors did the extent to which different religions or denominations were persecuted depend on? What were people banned from in Leiden in the 17th century? What was one factor in causing large immigration of religious refugees from other parts of Europe? What is the main topic of the Reformed Church controversy in the first years of the Republic? What is the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism known as? In what year did the Synod of Dort tackle the issue of predestination? When did the situation change from more or less active persecution of religious services to a state of restricted toleration of other religions? Where did the services of religious services take place? What is the term for symbiosis? What did Albert Bernhard Frank use the word symbiosis to describe? Who defined symbiosis as "the living together of unlike organisms"? How many years of debate did current biology and ecology textbooks use the de Bary definition? What are some symbiotic relationships? What are some lichens facultative? What type of symbionts do many lichens consist of? What is another name for ectosymbiosis? What is symbiosis in which organisms are not in union called? What is another name for lactobacilli and other bacteria in humans? What percentage of insects do bacterial endosymbionts provide essential nutrients? What is an actinomycete nitrogen-fixing bacteria called? What percentage of insects live in alder tree root nodules? What type of ectoparasites do baleen whales attach themselves to? What is another example of ectoparasites? What is ectosymbiosis also referred to as? What is a relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit? What can be considered symbiotic? What kind of gut flora does a large percentage of herbivores have? Coral reefs are the result of what? What do mutualisms between plants fix? What do most land plants and land ecosystems rely on? What is an example of mutual symbiosis? What protects the clownfish from the stinging tentacles? What is an example of mutual symbiosis? What species of fish sometimes lives together with a shrimp? What happens when the goby fish touches the shrimp with its tail to warn it? What type of symbiosis is known from encrusting bryozoans and hermit crabs? When were the siboglinid tube worms discovered? What does the siboglinid tube worm depend on? When were the siboglinid tube worms discovered? What does the host cell lack during mutualistic symbioses? How does the host favor endosymbiont's growth processes? What do the cells affect the genetic composition of the host in order to regulate the increasing population of the endosymbionts? What is the foremost change in the endosymbiont? What is the name of the incapability of the endosymbiotic bacteria to reinstate its wild type phenotype via a recombination process? What was the cause of the accretion of deleterious mutations in the non-essential genes of the intracellular bacteria? What is the medieval Latin word for "sharing a table"? What does Commensalism mean? What is another term for housing? What is another term for a comnsal relationship? What is another term for transportation? What is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed? What are parasites called? What is necrotrophic? How many animals have at least one parasitic phase in their life cycles? What is an example of a biotrophic relationship? What is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected? What are the two types of amensalism? What type of symbiosis is uncommon in rudimentary reference texts? What is a substance that destroys many herbaceous plants within its root zone? What is the term for strongly asymmetrical competitive interactions between the Spanish ibex and the weevils of the genus Timarcha? What do weevils of the genus Timarcha feed on? What is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other? What is a rare type of symbiosis? What is a short-lived condition? Why does evolution select against synnecrosis? What do Species of bees who die after stinging their prey inflict pain on themselves? What theory is believed to have resulted from a symbiosis between various sorts of bacteria? What are eukaryotes? What is Lynn Margulis famous for? Who said that life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking? What played a major role in the co-evolution of flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them? What did some groups of plants develop? What has the relationship between plants and insects become in some taxa of plants and insects? What is the French name of the Canadian Armed Forces? What act constituted the unified armed force of Canada? What is the name of the unified armed force of Canada? What is the French name for the Canadian Armed Forces? How many sub-components does the Reserve Force have? Under what Act are the Canadian Armed Forces separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence? Who is the reigning Canadian monarch? Who represents Queen Elizabeth II? Who leads the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council? During what war did Canadian defence policy contribute to the security of Europe? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? When were Canadian ground and air forces based in Europe? When were Canadian ground and air forces based in Europe? In what country has the Canadian military become more deeply engaged in international security operations? In what country has the Canadian military become more deeply engaged in international security operations? In what country has the Canadian military become more deeply engaged in international security operations? In what year did the Canadian military become more deeply engaged in international security operations in Afghanistan? What is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's defence focus? What is the Canadian defence policy based on? When was the Canada First Defence Strategy introduced? How many core missions does the Canadian military carry out? How many core missions does the Canadian military carry out? What is another name for the System of Cooperation Among the American Air Forces? What does the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy? What is one of the bilateral military forums that the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to? What is another name for the System of Cooperation Among the American Air Forces? What are some of the activities that the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to? When was Confederation? What group did residents of the colonies serve as regular members of before the Confederation in 1867? What did the French and British forces help in the defence of their territories? In what year did the American Revolutionary War and War take place? What did militia units help in the defence of British North America? Who was responsible for military command? Where was the commander-in-chief for North America stationed? When did the British Army and Royal Navy withdraw from Halifax? What departments were the Royal Canadian Air Force organised under? When were land forces in Canada referred to as the Canadian Army? When did the first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occur? What was the first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces during the Second Boer War? When did the United Kingdom enter into conflict with Germany? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council send its troops into? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council send its troops into? How many international operations have Canadian military units completed since 1947? How many international operations have Canadian military units completed since 1947? During what war did Canada participate in NATO? What is the name of the United Nations peacekeeping operation that Canadians participated in? When did Canada maintain an aircraft carrier? What is the name of the Battle of Passchendaele? What is the name of the strategic bombing of German cities? What is the name of the Battle of Ortona? Where is the Battle of Medak Pocket located? What was Canada's fourth largest air force at the end of the Second World War? What country was Canada thought to have had the third-largest navy in the world? What country was thought to have had the third-largest navy in the world? When did the current iteration of the Canadian Armed Forces begin? When did the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force merged into a unified structure? How did Canada gain legislative independence from the United Kingdom in 1931? When did Canada gain legislative independence from the United Kingdom? Why did Canada gain legislative independence from the United Kingdom in 1931? What was the name of the "Canadian Armed Forces"? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name return? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name return? What did the use of the "Canadian Armed Forces" name give way to? What kind of operations did the Canadian Forces support? When have the Canadian Forces been deployed in Afghanistan? What is the name of the United Nations International Security Assistance Force? Who requested the Canadian Forces to be deployed in Afghanistan? What kind of operations did the Canadian Forces support? How much does the Armed Forces rank in size? How much does the Armed Forces rank in size? What is the total force of the Armed Forces? By what year is the number of primary reserve personnel expected to go up to 30,000? What is the total strength of the Armed Forces? What was the name of the effort that the Government of Canada made to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces? What was the purpose of the Canadian Special Operations Regiment? What did the CDS say the CF was facing a problem with? What was the main battle tanks, artillery, unmanned air vehicles and other systems used to support the mission in Afghanistan? What is the name of the air force's medium range transport aircraft fleet? What new systems have been acquired for the Armed Forces? What was the main battle tanks, artillery, unmanned air vehicles and other systems acquired by the 2006 renewal and re-equipment effort? In the 1950s, what roles were women open to? When did the roles of women in the CAF begin to expand? What other non-traditional areas did the CAF expand into? What did the Department change to allow women to serve at sea in replenishment ships and in a diving tender? What did Parliament pass in 1978 and 1985? What type of artillery was still closed to women in 1987? When did the Minister of National Defence create an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? Who created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? What were the trials called? When were all military occupations open to women? What was the exception to military occupations in 1989? What did the introduction of women into the combat arms increase in the 1990s? Who was the government that integrated women in all occupations and roles? What must all equipment be suitable for? What are combat helmets, rucksacks, and flak jackets designed to ensure women have the same level of protection and comfort as their male colleagues? What are women given an annual financial entitlement for? What is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces? What does the Canadian constitution determine that the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the country's sovereign? Who is the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces? What are all troop deployment and disposition orders? Who must sign Orders in Council? Who is responsible to the elected House of Commons? How many people are in the Armed Forces? Who appoints the Chief of the Defence Staff as the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Armed Forces? Who appoints the Chief of the Defence Staff as the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Armed Forces? Where does the Armed Forces Council operate? What are the heads of the Canadian Joint Operations Command and Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? How many Canadian Forces bases do Canada's Armed forces operate? Where is the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School located? Where do officers and non-commissioned members receive basic training? How many warships and submarines are deployed in the Royal Canadian Navy? How many warships and submarines are deployed in the Royal Canadian Navy? How many warships and submarines are deployed in the Royal Canadian Navy? What does the RCN participate in? What is the name of the four divisions in the Canadian Army? How many divisions does the Canadian Army run? What are the four divisions of the Canadian Army? What are the four divisions of the Canadian Army? What are the four divisions of the Canadian Army? How many field-ready brigade groups does the Regular Force component of the Army consist of? How many field-ready brigade groups does the Regular Force comp one nt of the Army consist of? What is co-located with each brigade? What is co-located with each brigade? What are the major training and support establishments at CFB Gagetown, CFB Montreal and CFB Wainwright? Who is the commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force? Where is the Canadian NORAD Region based? How many wings are located across Canada? What do Wings represent? Where are major air bases located? Where are administrative and command and control facilities located? Where is a Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force based? Where is a Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force based? Where are major air bases located? What does the RCAF and Joint Task Force maintain at various points throughout Canada's northern region? What do the RCAF and Joint Task Force maintain at various points throughout Canada's northern region? What do the RCAF and Joint Task Force (North) maintain at various points throughout Canada's northern region? What do CF-18 squadrons periodically deploy to? What do CF-18 squadrons periodically deploy to? What is the Canadian Joint Operations Command? What is the Canadian Joint Operations Command merged with in October 2012? In what year was the Canadian Joint Operations Command created? What is the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? What is the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? What is the focus of the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? Where is the Canadian Joint Incident Response Unit based? What is the name of the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? What is the Information Management Group responsible for? Where is the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group headquartered? What has the CAF Cyber Task Force been tasked with? What was the name of the Directorate of Cybernetics? What was the name of the Directorate of Cybernetics? How many general or specialized units are in the Health Services Group? Who is responsible for domestic support and force generation? Who is responsible for domestic support and force generation? What is the total reserve force of the Canadian Armed Forces? How many primary and supplementary forces are there in the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is usually a major general or rear admiral? How many components are each operationally and administratively responsible to its corresponding environmental command in the Regular Force? How many cadets are in the Canadian Cadet Movement? How many cadets are in the Canadian Cadet Movement? What branch of the CAF are the majority of COATS members? What are members of the Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS held on? What type of force does the Canadian Rangers provide? What type of force does the Canadian Rangers provide? What type of force does the Canadian Rangers provide? The Canadian Rangers are an essential reserve force component used for what? What is the only service dress for CAF members to wear on any occasion? What type of occasion is a service dress suitable for? What is now the daily uniform worn by most members of the CF? What is authorized for winter wear in cold climates? What does the navy, most army, and some other units have for very specific occasions? What is the name of the authorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the color of the beret, wedge cap, ballcap, Yukon cap, and tuque? What is the most widely worn headgear for the Canadian Armed Forces? What does the Canadian Army wear? What Canadian Constitution gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence? How many people were able to increase the regular force troop levels in 2005? In what year was the right of electing the pope reserved to the principal clergy of Rome and the bishops of the seven suburbicarian sees? Which diocese was each of the ecclesiastics assigned a church in Rome as his titular church? What term was applied to a priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church? When was the term cardinal applied to the priests of the tituli of the diocese of Rome? When was the term cardinal applied to the priests of the tituli of the diocese of Rome? What term was applied to a priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church? How many senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral hold the title? What were the first people to be called cardinals in Rome? In what century did the Roman cardinals constitute a privileged class among the Roman clergy? When was the synod of Rome? What pontificate gave cardinals the right to elect the pope? Who gave cardinals the right to elect the pope during the pontificate of Nicholas II? When did Pope Innocent IV grant cardinals the privilege of wearing the red hat? Who granted cardinals the privilege of wearing the red hat? In cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour? Who was the ruler of the Franks? Who reserved the title cardinal for the cardinals of Rome in 1567? Who was the ruler of the Franks? Who was the ruler of the Franks? Who reserved the title cardinal for the cardinals of Rome in 1567? Who reserved the title cardinal for the cardinals of Rome in 1567? In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write about the importance of selecting good Cardinals? Who led the Ecumenical Council of Trent? In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write about the importance of selecting good Cardinals? Who led the Ecumenical Council of Trent? Who reasserted itself through the influence of cardinals of certain nationalities or politically significant movements? In early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in what? Who was the ruler of France? Who was the ruler of France? What cardinal was crowned king in Portugal due to a succession crisis? How many cardinals did Pope Sixtus V limit to? How many cardinal bishops did Pope Sixtus V limit to? Who was the pontificate of Pope Sixtus V? How many cardinal electors did Pope Paul VI set at the start of 1971? How many cardinals did Pope Paul VI deprived of the right to participate in a conclave? How many cardinal electors did Pope Paul VI set at the start of 1971? What did Pope Paul VI set no limit on at the start of 1971? What type of church does each cardinal take on? Who receives the titular bishopric of Ostia? What is the primary suburbicarian see? In what year did Pope Urban VIII decree their title to be Eminence? What did the Pope Urban VIII decree in 1630? What did the Pope Urban VIII decree that their secular rank would equate to? Who did the Pope Urban VIII decree that their secular rank would equate to? What did the Pope Urban VIII decree in 1630? What does the Archdiocese of Milwaukee call the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? What does the title "Cardinal" mean? What do Oriental Patriarchs customarily use as their full title? Why do Oriental Patriarchs use "Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis" as their full title? What order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope by the cardinal protodeacon? What order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope by the cardinal protodeacon? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? How many cardinals are there in some countries? Who is a Patriarch? What are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What are Cardinal bishops? What are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What was the privilege of papal election reserved to the cardinals? Who performed the rite of consecrating a bishop to preserve apostolic succession? Who is consecrated by if the person elected Pope is not yet a bishop? Who is consecrated by if the person elected Pope is not yet a bishop? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When was Velletri united with Ostia? How many cardinal bishops were there? What are the seven suburbicarian sees? When did the cardinal bishops have a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? Who is the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome apostolic administrator? Who is apostolic administrator? When did the cardinal bishops have a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? Who is the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome apostolic administrator? Who is apostolic administrator? What are the cardinals of the Church collectively known as? What do Cardinals have in canon law a "privilege of forum"? What does the pope give each newly appointed cardinal to symbolize their bond with the papacy? What type of ring is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal? What type of hat did the pope bestow upon him in 1969? When was the galero discontinued? What is the name of the galero that is still displayed on the cardinal's coat of arms? What type of dress do Eastern Catholic cardinals wear? What does the blood-like red symbolize a cardinal's willingness to die for? What color does the rochet have? What is the scarlet color of a cardinal's vesture? When was it customary for cardinals to wear a violet or blue cape? What happens if a pope dies before revealing the identity of an in pectore cardinal? Who reigned cardinals without publishing their names until later? What were cardinals allowed to marry? When was the Code of Canon Law promulgated? What can only those who are already priests or bishops be appointed with the revision of the Code of Canon Law? What is another term for a cardinal who is not a bishop? What was the age of the prominent priests who were not ordained bishops on their elevation to the cardinalate? When was it possible for someone who was not a priest to become a cardinal? When did Pope John XXIII set the norm that all cardinals be ordained as bishops? What is the purpose of the Cardinal Camerlengo? Who is the senior cardinal deacon in order of appointment to the College of Cardinals? Where is the Basilica of Saint Peter located? In what year did Pope John Paul I choose not to be crowned? What type of blessing can cardinal deacons be recognized by the dalmatics? How many churches were recognized as cardinalatial deaconries in 2005? How long did Cardinal deacons have the right to "opt for the order of cardinal priests"? How many cardinals were Italian by 1994? How many cardinals were Italian by 1994? How many deacons were in the Papal Household? What are the lowest-ranking cardinals? Who is the longest serving member of the order of cardinal priests? Who is the current cardinal protopriest? Who approves the election of the Dean of the College of Cardinals? Why do Patriarch cardinals not receive title of a suburbicarian see? How many orders of cardinals are there in the Catholic Church? What are Cardinal priests ranked above? How many orders of cardinals are there in the Catholic Church? What did the Latin cardo mean? Where does every cardinal priest have a titular church? In what year did Pope Sixtus V seek to arrest the growth of the College? How many cardinal priests did Pope Sixtus V fix the maximum size of the College? Who abolished the limit? What is a branch of the Indo-Iranian language family? What are the Iranian languages a branch of? What is the name of the Indo-Iranian language family? When are Iranian languages grouped in three stages? What is the language of Sassanid Iran? How many Iranian languages are there? The term Iranian is applied to any language which descends from the ancestral Proto-Iranian language? What is the origin of the Persian and Sanskrit word Arya? When was the term Irano-Aryan introduced? Who introduced the term Irano-Aryan in 1836? Who used the term Irano-Aryan in 1878? When did Robert Needham Cust use the term Irano-Aryan? What is the common ancestor of Iran? Where are the Indo-Iranian languages thought to have originated? What culture is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture? When was the Andronovo culture suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture? What was the reconstructed linguistic relationships of common Indo-European? Where did the Iranian tribes settle? What does the multitude of Middle Iranian languages and peoples indicate that great linguistic diversity must have existed among ancient Iranian speakers? How many Iranian languages have survived? What is the last inscription in which Old Persian is still grammatically correct? When was the Behistun inscription composed? When did the transition from Old Persian to Middle Persian begin? What are the other directly attested Old Iranian dialects? What is the name of the liturgical texts of indigenous Iranian religion? The Old Avestan dialect is roughly the same stage of development as what? What is Younger Avestan at about the same linguistic stage as? What is Carduchi? What was Herodotus' name for? What does Old Avestan have little meaning with regards to? What does Old Persian mean? What does Old Avestan have little meaning with regards to? What are two of the earliest dialectal divisions among Iranian? What is the fate of the first-series palatal consonants? What is the state of affairs in the neighboring Nuristani languages? What are the consonant clusters of depalatalized affricates? What are the consonant clusters of depalatalized affricates? What type of dialect groups were already in existence during this period? What are the hypothethical ancestor languages of Alanian/Scytho-Sarmatian subgroup of Scythian? What is the hypothetical ancestor languages of Alanian/Scytho-Sarmatian subgroup of Scythian? When did the Middle Iranian era begin? What are the two main groups of Middle Iranian languages classified into? What is the Eastern category of the Western family? What was the Eastern group's languages similar to? What type of alphabets did Bactrian use? Bactrian was written using what script? What is the name of Middle Persian? When was Middle Persian used? What languages were the Manichaeans used as literary languages? How were Manichaean texts written? What year did the Islam ic Conquest of Persia occur? What was replaced by a new standard dialect called Dari as the official language of the court? What dynasty was the first to officially adopt the new language in 875 CE? When did the Saffarid dynasty officially adopt the new language? What is the eastern province of Iran? What did the Islamic conquest bring with it the adoption of? When did the old Persian script begin dwindling in usage? When was the Tajik script first Latinised? When was the Tajik script subsequently Cyrillicized? Who subsequently Cyrillicized the Tajik script in the 1930s? What is another name for Western Iran? What languages spread through much of Central Asia? When did the Proto-Slavic population take over the region? What is the sole remnant of the Scythian languages in Eastern Europe proper and large parts of the North Caucasus? What is the sole remnant of the Scythian languages in Eastern Europe proper and large parts of the North Caucasus? What is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What can Proper lighting have positive psychological effects on occupants? What is a major component of energy consumption in buildings? What type of light is used to capture daylight? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What can Proper lighting have positive psychological effects on occupants? What is a major component of energy consumption in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What type of lighting is often done with fluorescent lighting? What type of lighting is popular in Canada? When was fire kindled in the caves of Peking Man? What animals were used as lamps after being threaded with a wick? What were the earliest forms of artificial lighting used to illuminate an area? How long ago were Hundreds of oil lamps found in the Lascaux caves? What type of light bulb was powered by electricity? When was gas lighting economical enough to power street lights in major cities? What did increased nighttime lighting make more activities possible at night? What types of styles do lighting fixtures come in? What are the most important functions of lighting fixtures? What is the luminous efficacy or wall-plug efficiency? What is the color temperature of an incandescent bulb? What is the color temperature of an incandescent bulb? What part of the visible spectrum does lower color temperature lamps have more energy? What part of the visible spectrum does lower color temperature lamps have more energy? What type of lighting is classified by intended use as general, accent, or task lighting? Who invented track lighting? What feeds all of the fixtures on the track or rod with 12 or 24 volts? What is a modified version of Track lighting? What does a master transformer feed all of the fixtures on the track or rod? What is an uplight intended for ambient lighting? What is the most common fixture in many homes and offices? What is the desk lamp considered? What type of lighting could be considered in a dark nightclub? When did the illuminated ceiling fall out of favor? What type of lighting would neon fall under in a dark nightclub? When are steps in the aisles marked with a row of small lights in a movie theater? What are LED based versions of small low wattage, low voltage lamps in a track or translucent tube being replaced with? What type of tube are low voltage lamps usually made up of? What is used to light roadways and walkways at night? What are some manufacturers designing to provide an energy-efficient alternative to traditional street light fixtures? What can be used to illuminate outdoor playing fields or work zones during nighttime hours? Where can security lighting be used? What can be used outside to illuminate and signal the entrance to a property? What are tail and brake lights? What type of lights are placed in the front of a vehicle? When did some automakers use electroluminescent technology to backlight their cars' speedometers? What indicate that the vehicle's transmission has been placed in the reverse gear? What indicate an intended change of position or direction? What are lamps commonly called? What is a lamp that converts electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation? How many lumens does a wax candle produce? How many lumens does a 15-watt compact fluorescent lamp produce? What is lighting design as it applies to the built environment known as? What is kno wn as 'architectural lighting design'? What software can allow an Architect to quickly undertake complex calculations to review the benefit of a particular design? What is used for simple installations to provide an acceptable lighting design? What does Artificial lighting take into account the amount of daylight received in an internal space by using Daylight factor calculation? What type of paint absorbs light? What type of paint absorbs light? What type of studies are often used to simulate lighting designs for projects before they are built or renovated? How do complex theatre lighting systems use computer control of lighting instruments? What do motion picture and television production use? What is the basic SI unit of measurement? What is the SI unit for luminance? What is the CGS unit of luminance? How is the amount of useful light emitted from a source measured? What is a standardized model of human visual brightness perception? What is the SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance measured in? What are some of the most well-known measurement methods? How many metrics does the lighting industryrely on to define light source color properties? How many metrics does the lighting industryrely on to define light source color properties? What is an indication of the light source's ability to make objects appear natural? What is correlated color temperature commonly used as an indication of the apparent "warmth" or "coolness" of the light emitted by a source? What does GAI stand for? What is the gamut area index? What does GAI stand for? What measure an individual's exposure to something in the environment? What is the first device created to accurately measure and characterize light entering the eye that affects the human body's clock? What is the first device created to accurately measure and characterize light entering the eye that affects the human body's clock? How long can the Daysimeter gather data? What does the head-mounted device measure? What is the basic concept of deciding how much illumination is required for a given task? How do lighting control systems reduce energy usage and cost? What is ZigBee? What is another name for wireless mesh open standards? What does ZigBee provide? What do occupancy sensors allow for when someone is within the area being scanned? What do passive infrared sensors react to? What do ultrasonic sensors transmit above the range of human hearing? What happens when motion can no longer be detected? What is the oldest method of interior lighting? Why are daylighting schemes not popular among most buildings? What are light emitting diodes? What can be used to control the light emission of LEDs? Why is it important not to over-design illumination? What is a cause of Alzheimer's? How long is the human circadian system entrained to? What does the circadian system do when they are disrupted? Who documented the study conducted in 1972 and 1981? How many patients were compared to patients with windows facing a brick wall? How many patients were compared to patients with windows facing a brick wall? Who was the assistant professor of management at the University of Toronto Scarborough and Aparna Labroo of Northwestern University? Who was the assistant professor of management at the University of Toronto Scarborough and Aparna Labroo of Northwestern University? Who devised a method where kerosene could be distilled from petroleum? When was kerosene distilled from petroleum? What method was used for lighting since the 1820s? What is a dispose hazard? What should be taken when selecting CFL's? What percentage of power do compact fluorescent lamps use? How long is the lifetime of LED lamps? How long is the lifetime of LED lamps? What percentage of power do compact fluorescent lamps use? What is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings? What creates safety issues around buildings by causing sharp shadows? What can be used if natural light is not present? What is a critical part of the battlefield conditions? What has seen increased use of night vision through infrared cameras and image intensifiers? What can be used by the military to mark positions? What can be used by the military to mark positions? What is the International Commission on Illumination? Who publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments? What organizations does the IESNA work with? What do manufacturers of lighting equipment publish for their products? What is the name of the organization that focuses on the advancement of lighting design education and the recognition of independent professional lighting designers? What is the PLDA formerly known as? What is the PLDA formerly known as? What is the name of the National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professions? Who offers the Lighting Certification Examination? What do individuals who pass the Lighting Certification Examination become 'Lighting Certified'? What are the other three national (U.S.) examinations in the lighting industry? What is the name of the UK-based trade organisation representing 500+ individual and corporate members? What is the name of the trade organisation that represents 500+ individual and corporate members from the technical services sector? What is the name of the UK-based trade organisation representing 500+ individual and corporate members? What is the RoHS? Who wrote The Spirit of the Laws? Who wrote The Spirit of the Laws? What did the separation of powers influence? What is separation of powers associated with? What was the idea of separation of powers called? Who was one of the foremost supporters ofseparating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? What did Montesquieu's writings influence? Who was one of the foremost supporters ofseparating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? What type of separation of powers did not operate in the United Kingdom? What was the UK Westminster system based on? What did Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia keep the branches of government? Where did strict separation of powers not operate? Who was the President of Delaware a member of? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? In what case did the Supreme Court hold that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President? In what case did the Supreme Court hold that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? Under what doctrine can Congress not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency? In what case did the Supreme Court hold that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President? In what case did the Supreme Court hold that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President? What was one of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation? When was Wayman v. Southard 23 U.S. (10 Wet.)? Who was the Chief Justice of Wayman v. Southard 23 U.S.? Who did Congress delegate to the courts the power to prescribe judicial procedure? What was one of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation? Who was the Chief Justice of Wayman v. Southard 23 U.S.? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? What was the name of the case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? What was the name of the case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration called? What are Militia of several states called into service? What does the president have the power to make appointments to office with? How can Congress terminate appointments? What type of oversight does the Federal Trade Commission have? What power is vested in the President? What is executive power vested in? How can Congress terminate appointments? What empowers the president to ensure the faithful execution of laws made by Congress and approved by the President? What does Congress often write legislation to restrain executive officials? What did the Supreme Court decide on in INS v. Chadha? When was INS v. Chadha? What is the prescription for legislative action in Art. 1? What is the power to decide cases and controversies vested in? Who must be appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate? Who is the president of the Supreme Court? What are courts exercising the judicial power called? What is the power to decide cases and controversies vested in? Who must be appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate? Who is the president of the Supreme Court? What do judicial agencies or commissions not have? Which country may Legislative courts not exercise the judicial power of? Who serves as president of the Senate? What does the president do to veto bills? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who appoints judges with the Senate's advice and consent? Who appoints judges with the Senate's advice and consent? Who is the civilian Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States? Who is explicitly granted the power to declare war per se? What is the Uniform Code of Military Justice? How do courts check the executive branch and the legislative branch? In what case did the Supreme Court establish a precedent for judicial review? What is the only court that may determine constitutionality? Who has the power to set the jurisdiction of the courts? What is the only constitutional limit on Congress' power to set the jurisdiction of the judiciary? Who presides in the Senate during a president's impeachment trial? Who wrote that it is not possible to give to each department an equal power of self-defense? Who wrote that it is not possible to give to each department an equal power of self-defense? What has been a see-saw struggle between Congress and the president? How many bills did George Washington veto? Who vetoed two bills? How many bills did Andrew Jackson veto? Who was the first to use the veto as a political weapon? How many vetoes did Congress override? What did Congress pass to curb the power of the presidency? Who was the first Democratic President following Johnson? Who was the first Democratic President following Johnson? Who struck down a Congressional delegation of power in Panama Refining v. Ryan? Who struck down a Congressional delegation of power in Panama Refining v. Ryan? What did Nixon use as a basis for his expansion of power? What is argued that checks and balances apply to the Judicial branch as well as the other branches? What is the practice of delegates to the Supreme Court? Where is an example of the second view at the State level found? Where is an example of the second view at the State level found? What are architectural works often perceived as? What is the term for architecture? What is the name of the Greek word for "architecture"? What is often perceived as cultural symbols and works of art? What are historical civilizations often identified with? What is the name of the Greek word for "architecture"? What is the Greek word for "architecture"? What is architecture? What are architectural works often perceived as? What type of civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements? What is the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who was the earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture? What was the name of the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? How many principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas should a good building satisfy? What is the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who was the earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture? What was the earliest written work on the subject of architect ure? What three principles should a good building satisfy? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas commonly known by the original translation? When was the notion of style in the arts developed? Who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects? What languages were Vasari's Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects translated into? Which architect should strive to fulfill each of the three attributes as well as possible? Who elaborated on the ideas of Vitruvius in his treatise, De Re Aedificatoria? What did Leon Battista Alberti see beauty as? What was the name of the idealised human figure? What language was Vasari's work translated into in the 18th century? Who wrote Contrasts? When did Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin write Contrasts? Who wrote Contrasts? When did Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin write Contrasts? What did Pugin contrast with in the early 19th century? What was the only "true Christian form of architecture"? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? When was the Seven Lamps of Architecture published? What did Ruskin's view of architecture contribute to? What does Ruskin say a building is not truly a work of architecture unless it is in some way "adorned"? What was Ruskin's work of overriding significance? What does Ruskin say a building is not truly a work of architecture? What did Ruskin need for a well-constructed, well-proportioned, functional building? What was Le Corbusier's name? What was Le Corbusier's name? What is the name of the 20th century architect Le Corbusier? What was Le Corbusier's name? What do you do? What did Le Corbusier say is beautiful? What was the name of Vitruvius' "utility"? What were the criteria for the use, perception and enjoyment of a building? What was the term for "utility"? What criteria did "Function" encompass? What was the idea that structural and aesthetic considerations should be subject to functionality met with? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects and their approach to building design? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects and their approach to building design? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects and their approach to building design? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects and their approach to building design? In what century was a new concept added to the compass of both structure and function? In the late 20th century a new concept was added to those included in the compass of both structure and function? What should a building be constructed in a manner that is environment ally friendly in terms of production of its materials? What should a building be constructed in a manner that is environmentally friendly in terms of production of its materials? What is another name for building? What is the name given to the most highly formalized and respected versions of building? What did building become as human cultures developed and knowledge began to be formalized through oral traditions and practices? What is the name given to the most highly formalized and respected versions of the craft? What is the name given to the most highly formalized and respected versions of the craft? What make up most of the built world that people experience every day? What was the name of the urban area that grew and evolved very rapidly? What is widely assumed to be the result of architectural success? What type of architecture continues to be produced in many parts of the world? What type of settlements were early human settlements mostly? What was the name of the urban area that grew and evolved very rapidly? What was the name of the urban area that grew and evolved very rapidly? Which ancient civilizations reflected the constant engagement with the divine and the supernatural? Which ancient civilizations reflected the constant engagement with the divine and the supernatural? What did architecture and urbanism reflect in many ancient civilizations? What reflected the constant engagement with the divine and the supernatural in many ancient civilizations? Who wrote the Shilpa Shastras of ancient India? Who wrote the Shilpa Shastras of ancient India? When did the Kao Gong Ji begin? Who wrote the Shilpa Shastras of ancient India? Who wrote the Shilpa Shastras of ancient India? What religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What architecture showed great regional diversity? When did Hindu temple architecture develop? What is Hindu temple architecture concerned with? Where is Hindu temple architecture governed by concepts laid down? What type of architecture did the architecture of different parts of Asia develop along different lines from Europe? What religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What did the pointed arch influence in European architecture of the Medieval period? When did Islamic architecture begin? The Islamic architecture of the 7th century incorporated architectural forms from the ancient Middle East and what other period? When did Islamic architecture begin? What did the pointed arch influence in European architecture of the Medieval period? What were the major architectural undertakings of abbeys and cathedrals? What were the major architectural undertakings? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? What did the development of Renaissance Humanism place greater emphasis on? When did the revival of Classical learning occur in Renaissance Europe? In what country was a revival of Classical learning accompanied by the development of Renaissance Humanism? What did the development of Renaissance Humanism place greater emphasis on? What did the development of Renaissance Humanism place greater emphasis on? What was there no dividing line between? What does architecture have to do with planning and designing form, space and ambience to reflect functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations? What does architecture have to do with planning and designing form, space and ambience to reflect functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations? The practice of Architecture encompasses what aspects of realizing buildings and structures? Who said architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences? Who said architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences? What can architecture stimulate and influence social life without presuming it will promote social development? What does architecture do without presuming that it will promote in and of itself? Who said architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences? What can be a purposeless quest for perfection or originality which degrades form into a mere instrumentality? What can be a purposeless quest for perfection or originality which degrades form into a mere instrumentality? What can be a purposeless quest for perfection or originality which degrades form into a mere instrumentality? The architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations such as the Greek and the Roman evolved from what? The architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations such as the Greek and the Roman evolved from what? The architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations such as the Greek and the Roman evolved from what? What type of orders did the architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations develop? When have texts on architecture been written? What type of advice did the texts provide? What were some of the most important early examples of canonic architecture? Who wrote the 1st century BCE Roman Architect Vitruvius? What are some of the most important early examples of canonic architecture? Who formed guilds in Europe during the Medieval period? Who formed guilds in Europe during the Medieval period? What were guilds formed in Europe during the Medieval period? What is a Magister lathomorum? What style of architecture was accompanied by a burgeoning of science and engineering? What was the scope of the level of structural calculations involved? What aspect of building design did the architect focus on? Why did the architect focus on aesthetics and humanist aspects? What type of architecture did the "gentleman architect" focus on? What did formal architectural training give much emphasis to in the 19th century? Where did effective architects receive their training? What did the Industrial Revolution lay open the door for? What was a criterion for the middle class? What became a criterion for the middle class? How could house builders use current architectural design in their work? What could house builders use in their work by combining features found in pattern books and architectural journals? What did dissatisfaction with the emphasis on revivalist architecture and elaborate decoration give rise to? What did new lines of thought serve as in the beginning of the 20th century? When was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? What did the Deutscher Werkbund produce? What school was founded in Weimar, Germany in 1919? What was the name of the avant-garde movement with moral, philosophical, and aesthetic underpinnings when modern architecture was first practiced? What was the focus of modernist architects after World War I? Why did modernist architects reject the architectural practice of the academic refinement of historical styles? What did modernist architects remove in favor of functionalist details? What did modernist architects remove in favor of functionalist details? What type of architecture did Frank Lloyd Wright develop? What are some examples of Organic architecture? What type of architecture did Frank Lloyd Wright develop? What was the name of the revolution that created high-rise superstructures? What was the name of the new means and methods made possible by the Industrial Revolution? What was the name of the aesthetic epitomized by the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center? Who designed the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center? Who designed the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center? Who resisted modernism? What type of facades were made of unfinished concrete? What was Brutalism made of? What did a younger postwar generation critique modernism and Brutalism for being too austere, standardized, monotone, and not taking into account the richness of human experience offered in historical buildings? What is a reaction to the cold aesthetic of modernism and Brutalism? What is another term for the school of metaphoric architecture? What is the primary source of inspiration and design? What do some consider the school of metaphoric architecture to be? When did architectural phenomenology emerge as an important movement in the early reaction against modernism? What did architectural phenomenology emerge as an important movement in the late 1950s and 1960s? What type of architectural phenomenology emerged as an important movement in the early reaction against modernism? Who defined postmodern architecture as a "decorated shed"? Who defined postmodern architecture as a "decorated shed"? When did the field of architecture become multi-disciplinary? What can no longer be the design of one person? What do some members of the architectural profession feel successful architecture is not a personal, philosophical, or aesthetic pursuit by individualists? What has become a mainstream issue with profound effect on the architectural profession? What has the major shift in architecture changed architecture schools to focus more on? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture in the 1960s? What is the name of the U.S. Green Building Council? What do the recent movements of New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture promote? What type of estates does New Urbanism, Metaphoric and New Classical Architecture have? What do the recent movements of New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture promote? What type of architecture does New Urbanism, Metaphoric and New Classical Architecture contrast to? How many tiers of human development does the HDI rank countries into? When does a country score higher HDI? Who developed the HDI? What organization published the HDI? When does a country score higher HDI? What report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index? What report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index? What did the 2010 Human Development Report say is the actual level of human development? What does the IHDI stand for? In what year did Mahbub ul Haq launch the Development Reports of the United Nations Development Programme? Who was the Nobel laureate of the HDI? What was the purpose of the Development Reports? In what year did Mahbub ul Haq launch the Development Reports of the United Nations Development Programme? How many years of schooling does a person 25 years-of-age or older have spent in schools? How many years of schooling does a person 25 years-of-age or older have spent in schools? What is the gross national income at purchasing power parity per capita? What is the gross national income at purchasing power parity per capita? What is the term for a raw variable to be converted into a unit-free index between 0 and 1? When was the 2015 Human Development Report released? What year did the 2015 Human Development Report calculate HDI values? When was the 2014 Human Development Report released? The 2014 Human Development Report calculates HDI values based on estimates for what year? What is the IHDI? What is the IHDI? What countries in the top quartile of HDI have a missing IHDI? What group of countries have a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2014 report? What country was not included in the 2014 report? When was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What year did the 2013 Human Development Report calculate HDI values? What is the IHDI? What are the countries in the top quartile of HDI with a missing IHDI? What are the countries in the top quartile of HDI with a missing IHDI? When was the 2011 Human Development Report released? What are the countries in the top quartile of HDI with a missing IHDI? What are the countries in the top quartile of HDI with a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2011 report? What country was not included in the 2011 report? When was the 2010 Human Development Report released? When was the 2010 Human Development Report released? What are the three basic dimensions of human development? What countries in the top quartile of HDI have a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2010 report? What country lodged a protest at its lack of inclusion? What has Cuba ranked as in subsequent years? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? What was the name of the 2009 Human Development Report? What was the new category of the top countries by HDI called? What is the name of the report that refers to the top countries by HDI? Why were some countries not included for various reasons? What was the name of the new index that covered the period up to 2006? What did the "statistical update" do? What was the so-called "statistical update" that covered the period up to 2006? When was the Human Development Report launched? What was the focus of the Human Development Report for 2007/2008? What percentage of the data used for the Human Development Report are derived from 2005 or earlier? What percentage of the data used for the Human Development Report are derived from 2005 or earlier? Where was the Human Development Report launched? What was offset by a decrease in HDI? What is considered to represent "low development"? Where are all 22 countries in the HDI category located? What is the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan country? What are the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What are the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What is considered to represent "high development"? How many countries were promoted to a HDI? How many countries were promoted to this category this year? What represent an increase in ranking over the previous study? What represent an increase in ranking over the previous study? What represents a nation that did not move in the rankings since the previous study? How many times has Norway been ranked in the Human Development Index? What country has been ranked highest twice? What does the Human Development Index focus exclusively on? What has been criticized on a number of grounds? What has been criticized on a number of grounds? What has been criticized on a number of grounds? How many sources of data error did the Economists identify? What did the authors suggest the United Nations should discontinue the practice of classifying countries into development bins? In what year did the Human Development Report Office respond to the criticism of the HDI? How many countries did the UNDP HDI cover in 2010? How many countries did the UNDP HDI cover in 2010? What are some definitions of southern Europe also known as? What are the countries of the Iberian peninsula? What are the Balkan countries of southeast Europe geographically in? What are the countries of the Iberian peninsula? What are some methods that can be used to define southern Europe? What natural features can Southern Europe be defined by? What type of climate covers much of Portugal, Spain, Southeast France, Italy, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, the Western and Southern coastal regions of Turkey? What type of climate covers much of Portugal, Spain, Southeast France, Italy, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, the Western and Southern coastal regions of Turkey? What type of vegetation is present in the Mediterranean climate? Where can cooler climates be found in Southern European countries? Where does the north coast of Spain experience a wetter Atlantic climate? What type of climate does the north coast of Spain experience? Who recognized the phytochoria of the Mediterranean Region? Who recognized the Mediterranean Region? What period began with the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece? What period began with the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece? Who was the empire of Ancient Greece? Where was the Western Roman Empire based? Where was the Eastern Roman Empire based? What caused the Fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD 476? When was the Fall of the Western Roman Empire? When was the Roman Empire divided into the Western Roman Empire? What did modern historians refer to the Eastern Roman Empire during the Middle Ages? In Western Europe, Germanic peoples moved into positions of power in what remnants of the former Western Roman Empire? What did Germanic peoples establish in Western Europe? What was the period known as? When did the Sack of Constantinople end? What would the Crusaders open the way for the merchant republics of Genoa and Venice to become major economic powers? What movement worked to reconquer Iberia for Christendom? What empire did the Sack of Constantinople end? When did the Late Middle Ages represent a period of upheaval in Europe? What caused demographic catastrophe in Europe as the population plummeted? What empire encroached steadily on former Byzantine lands in the Balkans? When did Constantinople fall? In what century did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? When did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? What did the Renaissance of knowledge challenge? In what century did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? When did the Age of Discovery end? When did the Age of Discovery end? Who was the leading power on the continent until the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees? Who invented the telescope and the thermometer? Who invented the radio? What did European overseas expansion lead to? What was the name of the colonial empire that led to the rise of colonial empires? The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain allowed a new economy based on what? What combined resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture? When did the period between 1815 and 1871 see a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars? What empire did Balkan nations regain independence from? When did Rome capture Rome? What is the name of the scramble for empires? When did the Great Powers defeat the Central Powers? When did the Allies defeat the Central Powers? Who imposed their terms in a series of treaties during the Paris Peace Conference? Who came to power in 1933? Who came to power in 1933? Who came to power in 1933? Who sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War? What was the name of the military alliance in the Soviet sphere of influence? What did the European Union do with taxation, health and education? What did the EU charge of? When did communism end in the satellite countries? When did the Soviet Union dissolve? In what year did Croatia become a communist European country? What are the most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe? What are the most common romance languages in Southern Europe? Where is Catalan spoken? What is the most common romance language in southern Europe? How many people speak Italian? What language is widely spoken in Greece and in Cyprus? Where are the Hellenic languages widely spoken? What language is spoken in Bulgaria? What language is spoken in Bulgaria? Where is Slovene spoken? What language is used as a second language in parts of Southern Europe? Where is Gibraltar located? What language is Malta secondary to? What language is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece? What is the official language of Malta? Where is the Basque Country located? What is the predominant religion in southern Europe? When was Christianity adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire? What are Christians in the western half of Southern Europe generally? What are Christians in the eastern half of Southern Europe generally? What does the United Nations Organization group countries under? What is the purpose of the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings? What is Southern Europe grouped for statistical convenience by the United Nations? Who divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics? Who divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics? What is the name of the British Broadcasting Corporation? What year did BBC Television start its regular service of television broadcasts? How long has BBC Television produced television programmes? When is the start of BBC Television's regular service of television broadcasts dated? What year did BBC Television start its regular service of television broadcasts? What percentage of all UK viewing is broadcast without commercial advertising? What is the BBC ranking as? When did Baird Television make Britain's first television broadcast? Where did Baird Television make Britain's first television broadcast? When did Baird Television make Britain's first television broadcast? When did Baird broadcasts via the BBC continue? When was Simultaneous transmission of sound and picture achieved? Where did the BBC begin its regular television programming? Where did the BBC move to in 1934? Where did the BBC move to in 1934? Where did the BBC move to? When did the BBC move to larger quarters? What was the name of the converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London? What was the name of the converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London? What is the name of the 405-line Marconi-EMI system? What is the name of the 405 -line Marconi-EMI system? What is the name of the 405-line Marconi-EMI system? How long did the Baird system run on a trial basis? What type of camera did the Baird system use for live programming? When did the closedown of the Baird system end? How far away was the Alexandra Palace transmitter? How far away was the Alexandra Palace transmitter? How far away was the Alexandra Palace transmitter? What did engineers at RCA experiment with in 1938? Where was a regular schedule of broadcasts transmitted by 1930? When was BBC One switched to? What was the first broadcast on a dedicated TV channel? What was the name of the first major outside broadcast? When was the BBC Television Service suspended? Who was concerned that the VHF transmissions would act as a beacon to enemy aircraft homing in on London? What did many of the television service's technical staff and engineers need for the war effort? What was the last Mickey Mouse cartoon transmitted? When was broadcasting suspended? How many television sets were manufactured from 1936 to September 1939? Who was one of the original announcers? On what date did BBC Television return? Where did the majority of production move into in the 1950s? How many minutes later was the Mickey Mouse cartoon repeated? In what year was Postwar broadcast coverage extended to Birmingham? What was the opening of the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station? In what year was Postwar broadcast coverage extended to Birmingham? On what channel was a 405-line interlaced image transmitted by the mid-1950s? What was the BBC Television Service renamed in 1960? What was the name of the BBC Television Service in 1960? When was Doctor Who introduced? When did television transmissions resume from Alexandra Palace? What was the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures? What was the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures? What caused the fire at Battersea Power Station? What caused a massive power failure in London? Who hosted the launch of BBC2? What was the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in colour? When did ITV begin 625-line colour broadcasts? BBC Two does not have what type of programming? Who commissions the first heavyweight documentaries and documentary series? Who commissions the first heavyweight documentaries and documentary series? How many episodes of the Tom and Jerry cartoons were shown every evening at 17:00? When did the BBC stop airing Tom and Jerry cartoons? How many episodes of the Tom and Jerry cartoons were shown every evening at 17:00? How many episodes of the Tom and Jerry cartoons were shown every evening at 17:00? Who was granted sabbatical leave from his job as Controller? When did the BBC Natural History Unit exist? What are some of Attenborough's programmes? How many regions of England's BBC One output is split up into? What other nations of the United Kingdom have been granted more autonomy from the English network? Who introduces programmes in the United Kingdom? What are some of the programmes of local importance in England's BBC One? What is the name of the soap opera produced by BBC Northern Ireland? What is the name of the soap opera produced by BBC Northern Ireland? BBC Scotland produces daily programmes for its Gaelic -speaking viewers? BBC Scotland produces daily programmes for its Gaelic-speaking viewers? Which BBC Northern Ireland talk show is shown across the UK? What percentage of its output is required by the Broadcasting Act 1990? From what country are the Simpsons from? From what country are the Simpsons from? What is the name of the first teletext service introduced by the BBC? When did the BBC introduce Ceefax? What service has not made a full transition to digital television? How many of the BBC's domestic television channels were unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite? What was the name of the satellite that the BBC intended to send all of its domestic television channels unencrypted? When did the BBC announce its intention to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite? How much did the BBC save over the next five years? What did the "footprint" of the Astra 2D satellite mean? What are programme providers that have expressed concern about the unencrypted signal leaking out? What type of broadcasts were not disrupted on the Sky Digital platform? What were some broadcasts made unavailable on the Sky Digital platform? When did the BBC celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins? What DVD showed highlights of the BBC's television coverage of significant events over half-century? When did the BBC celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins? In what year did Little Angels win a BAFTA award? Who was the head of the BBC Television department? What was the name of the group that was absorbed into the BBC Television department? What was the name of the new group that was part of a larger restructuring within the BBC? When did the BBC beginexperimenting with live streaming of certain channels in the UK? When were all standard BBC television channels made available to watch online? How many times is Keeping Up Appearances sold to overseas broadcasters? How many times is Keeping Up Appearances sold to overseas broadcasters? How many times is Keeping Up Appearances sold to overseas broadcasters? What is a television licence fee for the BBC's domestic television channels? What are the BBC's international television channels funded by? In what year did the name BBC Vision revert to Television? Who is responsible for the commissioning, producing, scheduling and broadcasting of all programming on the BBC's television channels? Who is responsible for the commissioning, producing, scheduling and broadcasting of all programming on the BBC's television channels? What was the name of the general entertainment channel that operated between December 2004 and April 2006? When did BBC Japan operate? What was the name of the general entertainment channel that operated between December 2004 and April 2006? When was Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger born? Who is Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger? How many terms did Schwarzenegger serve as the 38th Governor of California? When did Schwarzenegger begin weight training? How many times did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Universe title? What was Schwarzenegger's breakthrough film? How many times did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Universe title? What was Schwarzenegger nicknamed in his bodybuilding days? When did Schwarzenegger finish his second term as governor? When was Schwarzenegger elected? Who did Schwarzenegger replace in 2003? When was Schwarzenegger sworn in for his second term? Where was Schwarzenegger born? Who was Schwarzenegger's mother? When was Schwarzenegger born? What was Gustav Schwarzenegger's job? When was Meinhard born? What was one of the highlights of Schwarzenegger's youth? When did Schwarzenegger pick up his first barbell? When did Schwarzenegger start weightlifting? What did Schwarzenegger's father want him to be? What are some of Schwarzenegger's bodybuilding idols? When did Meinhard die? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's son? What caused Gustav to die? Who was Schwarzenegger's first serious girlfriend? What did Schwarzenegger say he suffered at the hands of his father? What title was Schwarzenegger's ticket to America? What contest did Schwarzenegger win? When did Schwarzenegger make his first plane trip? Where did Schwarzenegger attend the NABBA Mr. Universe competition? Who was Schwarzenegger's childhood idol? What did Schwarzenegger focus on? When did Schwarzenegger return to London to win his next Mr. Universe title? What is the name of Schwarzenegger's health club? When did Schwarzenegger dream of moving to the US? When did Schwarzenegger move to the US? Where did Schwarzenegger win his first Mr. Olympia title? Who was one of Schwarzenegger's weight training partners? When did LA Weekly say that Schwarzenegger was the most famous immigrant in America? What was Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder published in 1977? When did Schwarzenegger graduate from the University of Wisconsin-Superior? What did Schwarzenegger say he was struggling with for the first time in his life? What did Schwarzenegger say he was struggling with for the first time in his life? What is Schwarzenegger considered among the most important figures in the history of bodybuilding? What magazines did Schwarzenegger write for many years? How much did Muscle & Fitness and Flex donate a year to the Governor's physical fitness initiatives? What was Schwarzenegger's role in the bodybuilding magazines? What was one of the first competitions he won? How many Mr. Universe wins did Lee Haney win in 1991? How long did Schwarzenegger work out every day? What contest did Schwarzenegger win in 1967? When was Schwarzenegger's first attempt? Who did Schwarzenegger lose to in 1969? In what year did Schwarzenegger win the competition? What was Schwarzenegger's age? Who did Schwarzenegger beat in 1975? In what year did Schwarzenegger win the title? When did Schwarzenegger announce his retirement from professional bodybuilding? What was the name of the bodybuilding documentary that Schwarzenegger filmed? How many months did Schwarzenegger have to prepare for the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest? Who appeared in Stay Hungry? What was Schwarzenegger's role in? How many weeks of preparation did Schwarzenegger have for the Mr. Olympia contest? How many weeks of preparation did Schwarzenegger have for the Mr. Olympia contest? When did Schwarzenegger say steroids were helpful to me in maintaining muscle size while on a strict diet? Who did Schwarzenegger sued in 1999? How much did Schwarzenegger collect against Heepe? What tabloid made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health? When was Schwarzenegger chosen to play the role of Hercules? What was Schwarzenegger's accent in The Long Goodbye? Who directed The Long Goodbye? What was Schwarzenegger's Golden Globe for? What was Schwarzenegger told by agents and casting people that my body was too long? When did Schwarzenegger purchase the rights to the film, its outtakes, and associated still photography? When did Schwarzenegger appear in a biographical film of Jayne Mansfield? What title role did Schwarzenegger audition for? In what 1979 comedy did Schwarzenegger appear with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret? What was Schwarzenegger's sequel to Conan the Barbarian? In what year was Conan the Destroyer released? What film did Schwarzenegger make his first appearance as the eponymous character? What were both Schwarzenegger and Stallone considered to be international stars in the 1980s? When was The Running Man released? What was the name of the comedy with Danny DeVito? How much did Total Recall net Schwarzenegger? Where did Schwarzenegger directed Christmas in 1992? What TV series did Schwarzenegger have a brief foray into directing? What was Schwarzenegger's commercial peak? What organization named Schwarzenegger the "International Star of the Decade" in 1993? What was Schwarzenegger's next film? What was the last of Schwarzenegger's three collaborations with Ivan Reitman? How much did Rise of the Machines earn domestically? How tall is the Terminator statue? What was the name of the local cultural association that proposed plans to build a Terminator statue in a park in central Graz? What film did Schwarzenegger appear in in 2005? What was Schwarzenegger's character later revealed to be? Who did Schwarzenegger co-develop with? What was the name of the World War II action drama that Schwarzenegger wrote? Who wrote the World War II action drama With Wings as Eagles? When did Schwarzenegger's entertainment counsel announce that all movie projects were being halted? What was Schwarzenegger's first leading role in? What was Schwarzenegger's first leading role in 10 years? What movie did Schwarzenegger appear in in 2015? What movie did Schwarzenegger appear in in 2015? When did Schwarzenegger give a speech to explain why he was a Republican? What video did Schwarzenegger appear in in 1985? When did Schwarzenegger appear in "Stop the Madness"? When did Schwarzenegger appear in "Stop the Madness"? What did George H. W. Bush call Schwarzenegger? When did Schwarzenegger interview Talk magazine? Who claimed that Schwarzenegger sought to end speculation that he might run for governor of California? When did Schwarzenegger announce his candidacy? What did Schwarzenegger call the recall election "Total Recall"? What percentage of the Yes vote did Gray Davis get in favor of a recall? Who did Schwarzenegger defeat? How many votes did Schwarzenegger win in 2003? What was Schwarzenegger's nearest rival? Who was Schwarzenegger the second foreign-born governor of California? Who said he would start a drive to recall Schwarzenegger? What was Schwarzenegger's sketch from Saturday Night Live? How many ballot measures did Schwarzenegger sponsored in 2005? How many ballot measures did Schwarzenegger sponsored in 2005? Who was Schwarzenegger's Chief of Staff? Who was the California State Treasurer? What was the name of the speech by Schwarzenegger at the Martin Luther King, Jr. breakfast? In what year was Schwarzenegger rumored to run for the US Senate? Who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger? Who was the sister of John F. Kennedy? In what movie was Demolition Man released? When did Schwarzenegger become naturalized? What is Schwarzenegger's citizenship? Who were Schwarzenegger's good friends with? What was Schwarzenegger's endorsement in the 2008 U.S. presidential election? What was Schwarzenegger's endorsement thought to be a boost for Senator McCain? What group named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the US? What was Gray Davis's approval rating in December 2003? What percentage of approval rating did Davis leave office? What was Schwarzenegger's name? How many women came forward with their personal stories? How many women came forward with their personal stories? How many women claimed Schwarzenegger tried to take off her bathing suit in a hotel elevator? What did Schwarzenegger say is not a drug? What substance did Schwarzenegger use in a 1977 interview? In what year did Richardson settle a libel lawsuit against Schwarzenegger? What did Richardson claim they tried to tarnish her reputation by dismissing her allegations that Schwarzenegger touched her breast? In what article did Richardson claim Walsh and Main libeled Schwarzenegger? When was the death penalty abolished? Who demanded that Parliament revoke Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship? When did Schwarzenegger sign a bill creating the nation's first cap on greenhouse gas emissions? What regulations did Schwarzenegger set on the amount of emissions utilities, refineries and manufacturing plants are allowed to release into the atmosphere? What year did Schwarzenegger sign a plan to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels? Who did Schwarzenegger work with in 2006? What has Schwarzenegger installed to heat his home? When did the plan take effect? What do California's Greenhouse Gas Initiative plan to reduce? Where was the SAE World Congress held? What does Article II, Section I, Clause V prevent individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office? What newspaper reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president? What professor observed that Schwarzenegger's lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for office? What did Schwarzenegger write his objectives at the start of the year? By what age was Schwarzenegger a millionaire? What type of business did Schwarzenegger and Columbu start in 1968? When did the bricklaying business flourish? What was Schwarzenegger's first real estate investment venture? Who was the founder of the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants? When did Schwarzenegger severe his financial ties with the company? What was the Planet Hollywood chain modeled after? What company does Schwarzenegger own? Where did Schwarzenegger invest in a shopping mall? What movie production company does Schwarzenegger own? What company does Schwarzenegger own? What is the name of the restaurant Schwarzenegger opened in 1992? What was the name of the restaurant Schwarzenegger opened in 1992? What does Schatzi literally mean? In what year did Schwarzenegger sell his restaurant? When did Schwarzenegger split from his wife? How much money did Schwarzenegger spend on a private Gulfstream jet in 1997? When did Schwarzenegger publish his memoir? What did Schwarzenegger say he had when she first met him? How long did Schwarzenegger first meet after his arrival in the US? Who was Schwarzenegger's next paramour? When did Schwarzenegger meet Maria Shriver? When did Schwarzenegger have a relationship with Maria Shriver? Who did Schwarzenegger marry on April 26, 1986? Where did Schwarzenegger marry Maria Shriver? How many children do Schwarzenegger have? Who is Schwarzenegger dating after their separation? How long did Shriver and Schwarzenegger's marriage last? How long ago did Schwarzenegger father a son? How long was Baena employed by the family? Who was Baena's son with Schwarzenegger? What radio station reported that Schwarzenegger bought a new four-bedroom house in 2010? Who is Schwarzenegger's attorney? Who has consulted Schwarzenegger? What did Schwarzenegger's initial petition not include? What actress did Brigitte Nielsen say she had an affair with Schwarzenegger while he was in a relationship with Shriver? How many leaflets does a normal aortic valve have? In what year did Schwarzenegger opt for a replacement heart valve made of his own transplanted tissue? What was Schwarzenegger's name? When did Schwarzenegger break his right femur? Where was Schwarzenegger skiing? When did Schwarzenegger's private jet make an emergency landing at Van Nuys Airport? What was Schwarzenegger's official height? Who was Schwarzenegger's Assemblyman? Who claimed Schwarzenegger was 5'10"? What is the name of Schwarzenegger's autobiography? How many chapters does Schwarzenegger devote to his extramarital affair? When was Schwarzenegger's autobiography released? When did Schwarzenegger lobbie the Humvee's manufacturer to produce a street-legal, civilian version? How many Hummers did Schwarzenegger buy in 1992? When was Schwarzenegger's Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse filmed? How large are the Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought in 1992? How much did Schwarzenegger's conversion cost? What is the name of the hydrogen refueling plant that Schwarzenegger built? What did Schwarzenegger sign after the election? What is the name of the foundation that provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth? Where was the Special Olympics held? How many schools does ICG serve? What is the name of the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy? When was the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy founded? Who is the chairman of the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy? What is the name of the river that joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? What is the name of the river that joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? What is the name of the river that joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? Where is Plymouth located? What is the name of the river that joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? What was the name of the first settlement in the Bronze Age? What village was surpassed by the settlement at Mount Batten? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave Plymouth for the New World? When was Plymouth besieged? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave Plymouth for the New World? What was the name of the town that became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town? In what year did the combined town take the name of Plymouth? What was the name of the act that led to the destruction of the city during World War II? In what year were Plympton and Plymstockincorporated? How many independent towns were merged to form a single County Borough in 1914? How many people live in Plymouth? What is Plymouth's rank in population in the United Kingdom? How many MPs represent Plymouth? What is another name for Spain? What is Plymouth's largest naval base in Western Europe? What is the name of the unidentified settlement that is listed in Ptolemy's Geographia? Where are artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age found? What is 'TAMARI OSTIA'? In what century did the river silted up? What was the name of the village called at the time? When was the name Plym Mouth first mentioned? What was the name of the charter of King Henry VI in 1440? What is the name Plym Mouth? When was the French attack? Who burned Plymouth in 1403? When was Drake's Fort built? Where was the fleet based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard? In what year was an Act of Parliament passed for further fortifying Plymouth? Who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade? Who was the Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593? When did Drake engage the Spanish Armada? In what year did the Pilgrim Fathers establish Plymouth Colony? In what year did the Pilgrim Fathers establish Plymouth Colony? How long was Plymouth besieged by the Royalists? How long was Plymouth besieged by the Royalists? Where were the Plymothians defeated? When was the monarchy restored by King Charles II? Where did King Charles II imprison many of the Parliamentary heroes? What did Plymouth play a small part in during the early 18th century? In what century did Plymouth lose its pre-eminence as a trading port? What was the name of the first dockyard in Stoke Damerel? Where was HMNB Devonport located? How many men were employed in Devonport in 1712? How many men were employed in Devonport in 1712? What was the name of the first dockyard in Stoke Damerel? What were Plymouth's main imports before the latter half of the 18th century? Where was Plymouth Dock renamed in 1824? In what century did the Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoy some prosperity? Who designed the Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport? What was Foulston responsible for? In what year did William Cookworthy establish his short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture? In what year did William Cookworthy establish his short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture? In what year did William Cookworthy establish his short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture? Who was involved in the development of the Eddystone Lighthouse? How long was the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? What was the length of the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? When was the Breakwater completed? When did work begin in Devonport? What was the purpose of the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? What was one of the greatest imports to Plymouth during the latter half of the 19th century? Where was the dockyard in Plymouth located? Where did the Royal Navy move to? What was an important base for escort vessels and repairs? Where did Flying boats operate from? Who operated the Sunderland flying boats? What was the headquarters of Western Approaches Command until 1941? How many raids did the Luftwaffe have in Devonport? How many civilians died in the Plymouth Blitz? How many civilians died in the Plymouth Blitz? What was the name of Sir Patrick Abercrombie's 1943 Plan for Plymouth? How many new homes were built between 1951 and 1957? How many new homes were built between 1951 and 1957? When was the Civic Centre constructed? When was the Civic Centre constructed? What type of factories were constructed in the newly zoned industrial sector? When did the army leave Devonport? What is the name of the 42 Commando of the Royal Marines in Devonport? What was the first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth? What was the first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth? What was the first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth? In what year did Sudtone become the first town in England to be granted a Charter by Parliament? In what year did Sudtone become the first town in England to be granted a Charter by Parliament? Who was the first female member of parliament to take office in the British Houses of Parliament? Who was the first female member of parliament to take office in the British Houses of Parliament? When was Plymouth granted city status? What was the name of the city's first Lord Mayor? What was the name of the parish in Plymouth in 1967? Who was elected Labour MP in 1945? Who was elected Labour MP in 1945? What act did Foot serve as Secretary of State for Education? Who was elected Labour MP in 1945? Who was elected Labour MP in 1945? What paper proposed abolishing county boroughs? What paper proposed abolishing county boroughs? What was the name of the county that Plymouth lobbyed for? When did Plymouth cease to be a county borough? What commission recommended that Plymouth become a unitary authority? In the European Parliament, Plymouth is represented by what constituencies? What was the name of the Conservative MPs in the 2015 general election? What was the name of the Conservative MPs in the 2015 general election? What is the name of the three constituencies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom? How many wards are there in the City of Plymouth? How many councillors are there in the City of Plymouth? What percentage of the city of Plymouth is up for election for three consecutive years? What is the name of the city of Plymouth formally twinned with? In what year was Plymouth, United States twinned with the City of Plymouth? Who granted the dignity of Lord Mayor in 1935? How many councillors elect the Lord Mayor each year? What party alternates between the Lord Mayor and the Labour Party annually? Who is the incumbent for 2015-16? What is the name of the Lord Mayor's official residence? Who gave the Lord Mayor's official residence to the City of Plymouth? In what year did the Civic Centre municipal office building become a listed building? In what year did the Civic Centre municipal office building become a listed building? In what year did the Civic Centre municipal office building become a listed building? What river lies between the River Plym to the east and the River Tamar to the west? What river lies between the River Plym to the east and the River Tamar to the west? Which river forms the county boundary between Devon and Cornwall? Where do both rivers flow into? When did the unitary authority of Plymouth include the towns of Plympton and Plymstock? What is the name of the smaller estuary to the east of Plymouth? When was the Plymouth Breakwater used? Where is Drake's Island seen? How many square kilometers is the Unitary Authority of Plymouth? How tall is the topography at Roborough? What is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs a Site of? What are the headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound formed of? What type of limestone does Plymouth have? What are the headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound formed of? Why is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs a Site of Special Scientific Interest? What is the name of the band of Middle Devonian limestone that runs west to east from Cremyll to Plymstock? Where is the granite mass located? What rock brought down the Tamar from Dartmoor? Where is the middle Devonian limestone belt located? What is the name of the band of Middle Devonian limestone that runs west to east from Cremyll to Plymstock? What did Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth call for? Who wrote the Plan for Plymouth to rebuild the bomb-damaged city? What is the name of the north-south avenue linking the railway station and the vista of Plymouth Hoe? What is the name of the road system that connects Barbican and Union Street to the west? How many parks are there in Plymouth? What is Plymouth's temperate oceanic climate? What is the annual mean temperature in Plymouth? What is the coldest month of February? How many inches of snow did the European winter storms cover Plymouth in early January? What are the warmest months in Plymouth? What type of rainfall is associated with Atlantic depressions or convection? What type of depressions are more vigorous in autumn and winter? What is the average annual rainfall in the south-west? What are the highest mean wind speeds? What type of depressions are more vigorous in autumn and winter? How many hours of sunshine does the Azores High pressure area have? What area extends north-eastwards towards the UK? When did the temperature of the warmest day of the year reach 31.6 °C? When did the temperature of the warmest day of the year reach 31.6 °C? How many days of the year will report a maximum temperature of 25.1 °C? When will the coldest night of the year typically fall to 4.1 °C? When will the coldest night of the year typically fall to 4.1 °C? How many students did the University of Plymouth enroll in 2014/15? How many students did the University of Plymouth enroll in 2014/15? How many staff does the University of Plymouth employ? What is the annual income of the University of Plymouth? When was the University of Plymouth founded? What is the name of the University of St Mark & St John? What does the University of St Mark & St John specialise in? What type of courses does Plymouth College of Art offer? How many students attend the City College Plymouth? How many independent colleges are there in the UK? How many independent colleges are there in the UK? How many colleges are there in Plymouth? How many state primary phase schools does Plymouth have? How many state primary phase schools does Plymouth have? How many state primary phase schools does Plymouth have? What is the name of the independent school in Plymouth? What is the name of the school in Plymouth? What was the name of the university that opened in 1880? When did the Royal Naval Engineering College close? In what year was the Royal Naval Engineering College renamed? In what year did the Royal Naval Engineering College close? Where was training transferred to the Royal Naval Engineering College? What is the name of the marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom? What does the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for? Along with the National Marine Aquarium, the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences, Plymouth University's Marine Institute and the Diving Diseases Research Centre, what is the name of the Marine Sciences Partnership? What is the name of the marine-related organisations in Plymouth? Along with the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences, Plymouth University's Marine Institute and the Diving Diseases Research Centre, which marine-related organisations form the Plymouth Marine Sciences Partnership? What was Plymouth's unitary authority area population? What was the population of Plymouth in 2001? What was the population of Plymouth's unitary authority area? What was Plymouth's average household size? What was the largest minority ethnic group of Plymouth's population? What was Plymouth's gross value added in 2013? What was Plymouth's gross value added in 2013? What was Plymouth's GVA per person in 2013? What was Plymouth's national average? What was Plymouth's unemployment rate in 2014? What percentage of Plymouth's population was poverty and deprivation in 2014? What was the lowest life expectancy in any region in the South West of England? What was the lowest life expectancy in any region in the South West of England? What was the lowest life expectancy in any region in the South West of England? How many people are employed in the defence sector? How many people are employed in the defence sector? In what year was the Plymouth Gin Distillery produced? What is the name of the distillery that produces Plymouth Gin? When was the most widely distributed gin? What is the name of the naval base that refits nuclear submarines? What is the name of the naval base that refits nuclear submarines? What is the largest cluster of marine and maritime businesses in the south west? How many people are employed in the Tamar Science Park? Who has chosen to locate their headquarters in Plymouth? When was the Pannier Market completed? When was the Pannier Market completed? In terms of retail floorspace, what is Plymouth ranked in the top five in the South West? In what year was the Tinside Pool restored to its 1930s look? How much was the Tinside Pool restored to its 1930s look? Who launched the "Vision for Plymouth"? Who launched the "Vision for Plymouth"? Who launched the "Vision for Plymouth"? How many dwellings are built by Plymouth Council? How many dwellings are built by Plymouth Council? When did the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre open? When did the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre open? Where was TR2 built? When was TR2 runner-up for the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture? Who said it was already ten years out of date? What is the current location of the Plymouth City Council's headquarters? What is the purpose of the demolition of the Plymouth Pavilions entertainment arena? What is the purpose of the demolition of the Plymouth Pavilions entertainment arena? What is the name of the A38 dual-carriageway? How far away from Exeter is the M5 motorway? How does the A38 connect Cornwall and Devon? What is the name of George Junction? What are Plymouth Citybus, First South West and Target Travel's regular bus services? How many ferries does Brittany Ferries operate from Millbay? What is the name of France's regular international ferry service? What are the three ferries that Brittany Ferries operates from Millbay? What hamlet is believed to have operated continuously since 1204? When did the ferry between Stonehouse and the Cornish hamlet of Cremyll operate continuously? What was the name of the city's airport? How many miles north of the city centre was Plymouth City Airport? What year did FlyPlymouth plan to reopen the city airport? What airline plans to reopen the city airport by 2018? When did the Plymouth railway station open? Who manages the Plymouth railway station? Where are smaller stations served by local trains? How many MPs have lobbied that the train services are vital to Plymouth's economy? Who manages the Plymouth railway station? When was the sea wall at Dawlish breached? What was the sea wall at Dawlish breached on the night of 4 February 2014? When did Network Rail reopen the line from Tavistock to Okehampton and Exeter? When was the sea wall at Dawlish breached? How many churches does Plymouth have? When was Plymouth's Roman Catholic cathedral founded? What is the largest parish church in Devon? What is the oldest church in Plymouth? How many Baptist churches are in Plymouth? What was the first known reference to Jews in the South West from 1577 to 1580? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? What percentage of the population described themselves in the 2011 census return as at least nominally Christian? What percentage of the population described themselves in the 2011 census return as at least nominally Christian? What is the percentage of people without a religion? What is the national average of people without a religion? What percentage of people without a religion did not state their religious belief? When was Union Street built? How many pubs were there in the 1930s? In what decade were there 30 pubs in Union Street? What was the name of the servicemen's playground? What is the name of the annual British Firework Championship? Who surpassed the world record for the most amount of simultaneous fireworks? Who surpassed the world record for the most amount of simultaneous fireworks? Where was Roy Lowry from? Where is the Music of the Night performed? How many capacity is the Theatre Royal? What is the name of the city's main theatre? How many galleries does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery have? How many galleries does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery have? When did the Plymouth Athenaeum house a theatre? What is Plymouth's regional television centre? What are the main local newspapers serving Plymouth? When did ITV Westcountry close? What are the main local newspapers serving Plymouth? What are the main local newspapers serving Plymouth? Who plays in the fourth tier of English football league known as Football League Two? What is the fourth tier of English football league called? What is the name of the Plymouth Argyle F.C.'s home ground? What is the name of the group of English non-conformists that left Plymouth for the New World in 1620? How many Non-League football clubs does Plymouth have? What type of rugby club is Plymouth Albion R.F.C. currently competing in? What type of rugby club is Plymouth Albion R.F.C. currently competing in? What are the Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club currently competing in? Where do the Plymouth Raiders play? When was the Plymouth Pavilions entertainment arena founded? When was the Port of Plymouth Regatta held? When did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series? In what year did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series? In what year did South West Water supply water to Plymouth? What company supplied water to Plymouth prior to the 1973 takeover? When was a watercourse opened to tap the River Meavy? What was the name of the watercourse that was opened on April 24, 1591? When was the Devonport Leat officially completed? Who is responsible for waste management throughout Plymouth? Who is responsible for waste management throughout Plymouth? What is the name of the distribution of Plymouth's electricity? When did the Langage Power Station start to produce electricity for Plymouth? Where is the Langage Power Station located? When was the Plymouth Borough Police formed? What is the divisional HQ? How many fire stations are in Plymouth? Where is the Royal National Lifeboat Institution stationed? What did the Plymouth Borough Police become part of? What is the name of the city's NHS hospital? What is the name of the city's NHS hospital? Where is the Royal Eye Infirmary located? Where does South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust operate? Where is the headquarters of South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust? In what century was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? In what century was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? What is the name of the privately owned cemetery that does not allow headstones to mark graves? What is the name of the privately owned cemetery that does not allow headstones to mark graves? In what century was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? When was the Royal Citadel built? When was the Royal Citadel built? When was Smeaton's Tower built? When was Smeaton's Tower built? What commemorates the defeat of the Spanish Armada? What is the early port settlement of Plymouth called? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World? How many marine species does the National Marine Aquarium display? How many listed buildings does the early port settlement of Plymouth have? What is the name of the well restored example of a "Palmerston's Folly"? Where is Crownhill Fort located? Who owns Crownhill Fort? Where is Devonport located? How many waymarkers have been introduced in Devonport? Where is Plymouth often used as a base? What is the name of the area that is popular in Plymouth? Where is Plymouth often used as a base? Who designed the Roland Levinsky building? When was the Roland Levinsky building opened? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? When was the Roland Levinsky building opened? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? What are people from Plymouth known as? What are people from Plymouth known as? What is the name of the Devon form of John? What is Cousin Jan? Where was Sir Francis Drake born? Who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world? When did Sir Francis Drake die? When did Sir Francis Drake die? Who was the founder of the Royal Academy? Who did Beryl Cook's paintings depict the culture of Plymouth? Where was David McKee trained? In what year did John Surman release Saltash Bells? Who founded the jazz free improvisation band AMM? Where is Michael Foot's family located? Who is a notable swimmer in Plymouth? What Canadian politician hails from Plymouth? Which American actor was born in Plymouth? Who was the fictional President Bennett in the film The Right Stuff? Who is a composer journalist and newspaper editor?