Who was the Virgin Mary reputed to have appeared to in 1858? What is in front of the Main Building? Where is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary located? What is the Grotto? What is on the top of the Main Building's gold dome? When did the Scholastic magazine begin? How many times a year is the Scholastic magazine published? What is the name of the newspaper published by Notre Dame? How many newspapers are run by students at Notre Dame? When was Common Sense published? Where is the Congregation of Holy Cross headquarters located? What is the name of Notre Dame's main seminary? What is the oldest building on campus? Who lives in Fatima House? What is the name of the prize created by Moreau Seminary? How many B.S. degrees are offered at Washington University? When was the College of Engineering established? The College of Engineering is a part of what college? How many departments does the College of Engineering have? When were early courses in civil and mechanical engineering a part of the College of Science? What is the name of the program that provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring? How many undergraduate colleges are there at Notre Dame? What program guides incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major? Who has recognized the First Year of Studies program as outstanding? When did the formal requirements for graduate degrees change? What does M.Div. stand for? Who offers a Master of Education program at Washington University? When did Northwestern first offer a Master of Arts? What department at Washington University does not offer PhD programs? What institute is dedicated to research, education, and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace? Who is the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC? When was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded? Who was the owner of McDonald's? What company's owner was Joan B. Kroc? How many stories is the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library? What is the third building to house the main collection of books? When was the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library completed? Who designed the Word of Life mural at Notre Dame? What is the Word of Life mural known as? How many students were admitted to Notre Dame in the fall of 2015? What percentage of incoming students were admitted to Notre Dame in 2015? Where does Notre Dame's academic profile rank for national research universities? What percentage of incoming students were admitted to Notre Dame under the early action plan? How far did the average student travel to attend Notre Dame? What was Notre Dame's ranking among national universities in 2015-2016? Where did Notre Dame rank among national universities in 2015-2016? How does BusinessWeek rank the Mendoza College of Business? Who ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities in 2014? What percentage of students choose to study abroad at Notre Dame? Who was the Director of the Science Museum and the Library until 1874? When did Father John Augustine Zahm teach at Washington University? What was Father John Augustine Zahm's job? What book did Zahm write? What was Father Joseph Carrier's career? When did Albert Zahm build an early wind tunnel? Who was the first American to send a wireless message? When did Professor Jerome Green send a wireless message? Who performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene? What did Albert Zahm build in 1882? What grew out of pioneering research in germ-free-life? When did Lobund achieve independent status as a purely research organization? When was the Lobund Institute raised to the status of an Institute? When was the Lobund Institute brought back to the Department of Biology? In what year did the Lobund Institute begin research on germ-free-life? What was the name of the journal founded by Gurian? What was the Review of Politics modeled after? How many years did the Review of Politics last? What journal was founded by Gurian in 1939? Who was the president of Notre Dame in 2012? What university did John Jenkins say he wanted to be one of the pre-eminent research institutions in the world? What is the Kroc Institute for? In what year did the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index begin? What does the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index rank countries on? How many undergraduates attended Notre Dame in 2014? What percentage of students are children of alumni? How many teams participate in the Bookstore Basketball tournament? What does the Bengal Bouts tournament raise money for? How many students attended Notre Dame in 2014? What percentage of undergraduates live on campus? How many graduate housing complexes are on campus? How many male dorms are on campus? What percentage of graduate students live on campus? How many female dorms are on campus? What is the Latin for the Congregation of Holy Cross? What percentage of students identify as Christian? How many times is Catholic Mass celebrated on campus? How many chapels are located on the campus? What percentage of students identify as Catholic? What was the name of the music hall that was destroyed by a fire in 1879? In what year was the Main Building destroyed? Who was the president of Washington University in 1879? When was construction of the new Main Building started? What is the current name of the Science Hall? What two emphasises did Notre Dame move away from? What college was added to Notre Dame in 1921? Who became president of Notre Dame in 1919? How long did it take for Father James Burns to produce an academic revolution at Notre Dame? What school were the Jesuit colleges shut out of? Who was the head coach of the Notre Dame Fighting Irish in 1918? How many wins did the Irish have under Knute Rockne? When did the Irish win the Rose Bowl? How many years was Rockne a head coach of the Notre Dame Fighting Irish? How many national championships did the Irish win during Rockne's tenure as head coach? What did Notre Dame's football team symbolize in America? What group broke up with Notre Dame in 1924? Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1924? What did the Klan decide to do in South Bend? Where did the Ku Klux Klan have a week-long Klavern in 1924? Who was elected vice-president of Notre Dame in 1933? Who was elected vice-president of Notre Dame in 1933? What award did John Francis O'Hara receive in 1883? When was the Laetare Medal established? Who is Notre Dame football played for the honor and glory of? How much did undergraduate enrollment increase at Notre Dame? What institute did Cavanaugh establish? What was the former name of O'Shaughnessy Hall? Who was president of Notre Dame from 1946 to 1952? What is the name of Notre Dame's institute founded by John J. Cavanaugh? When was the Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, C.S.C. president? How much did the annual operating budget rise from 1952 to 2015? How much was the endowment at Washington University? When was Hesburgh president? How many faculty members were at Washington University during the time of Hesburgh's presidency? What type of institution did Hesburgh make Notre Dame? What position did Charles Sheedy hold at Notre Dame? What position did Thomas Blantz hold at Notre Dame? When did Mary Ann Proctor become the first female undergraduate at Notre Dame? Which college did Notre Dame merge with in the 1960s? When was Edward Malloy, C.S.C. president? What is the average SAT score at Notre Dame? How much was the endowment of Notre Dame? What was Notre Dame's research funding in 2005? How many professors did Edward Malloy increase at Notre Dame? When did John Jenkins become president of Notre Dame? What is the rank of president of Notre Dame? Who was the president of Notre Dame in 2005? What is the name of the Ice Arena construction project at Notre Dame? How much did the Campus Crossroads cost? Who runs the Old College? What is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church? What style is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart built in? Who painted the interior of the Basilica of the Sacred Heart? When was the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes built? Who built the Science Hall in 1883? When was the LaFortune Center converted to a student union building? Who is the LaFortune Center named after? How large is the LaFortune Center? What is the annual budget of the LaFortune Center? How many residence halls have been built at Notre Dame? What library was built in 1963? How many books are in the Theodore Hesburgh Library? What is the name of the new residence for men at Notre Dame? What is the name of the baseball field at Notre Dame? When was the Office of Sustainability created? How much of Notre Dame's food issourced locally? What organization gave the University of Notre Dame a "B" grade in 2010? What is the name of the institute at Notre Dame that is a sustainability leader? When did BYU first have a presence in London? Where is the former United University Club located? What centers are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome? In what year did BYU's London center become based in the former United University Club? What was the name of Washington University's first college? When was the College of Arts and Letters established? When were the first degrees given at Washington University? The College of Arts and Letters was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from what university? How many majors are in the College of Arts and Letters? Who was the president of Washington University in 1865? When was the College of Science established? How long were Dillon's scientific courses at Washington University? Where is the College of Science housed? How many undergraduates attend the College of Science? What school was established in 1899? Where is the Notre Dame School of Architecture located? How long is the undergraduate program at Notre Dame? Where does the third year of Notre Dame's Architecture program take place? What award does the Notre Dame School of Architecture award? When did the theology library open? Where is the theology library located? How many volumes does Stanford's library system hold? How large is Stanford's library system? What forced many Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe in the 1930s? Where did Chroust come from? Anton-Hermann Chroust taught what subjects at Notre Dame? Who wrote Gurian's doctoral dissertation? What was Ivan Metrovi's occupation? What is the name of the Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana? What type of university is the University of Notre Dame du Lac? What does Notre Dame du Lac mean in French? Who is the patron saint of the University of Notre Dame? How many acres is the main campus of Notre Dame du Lac? What was Notre Dame known for in the early 1900s? Who was the coach of the Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team? What division are the Notre Dame athletic teams in? How many Heisman Trophy winners did the Fighting Irish have? How many members are in the Pro Football Hall of Fame? How is Notre Dame ranked as a major global university? How many years does it take to attend Notre Dame? What internationally renowned award does Notre Dame's Architecture School award? How many master's, doctoral and professional degree programs are offered by Notre Dame's graduate program? What is the name of the art museum at Notre Dame? When did the Bishop of Vincennes offer land to Father Edward Sorin? Who was the Bishop of Vincennes in 1842? What group did Father Edward Sorin belong to? When did Fr. Sorin arrive in Vincennes? What did Fr. Sorin use to begin the college? When were the first degrees awarded at Washington University? When was the Main Building replaced? Who started the library collection at Washington University? When did the library collection grow to ten thousand volumes? When was a library collection started by Father Lemonnier? What was the name of the television station that grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel in 2006? How many shows did NDtv have in 2002? What is the name of the student radio station in South Bend? What radio station began as a partner of WSND-FM? How much did the first phase of Eddy Street Commons cost? When did the first phase of the Eddy Street Commons break ground? Who is the developer of Eddy Street Commons? Who built the Eddy Street Commons? Who did the contractor that built the public parking garage hire? What does NCAA stand for? What league did the Fighting Irish compete in from 1982-83 to 1985-86? What is the name of the fencing conference that the Notre Dame football team competes in? Where does the men's ice hockey team compete? What conference did the Fighting Irish compete in until 2012-13? What conference did the Irish leave the Big East for? How many games does Notre Dame commit to play per season against ACC opponents? What was Notre Dame's former hockey home? What are the official colors of Notre Dame's athletic teams? What is the mascot of Notre Dame's athletic teams? What company provided uniforms, apparel, and monetary compensation to Notre Dame? How much is the contract between the University of Notre Dame and Under Armour worth? When did the Notre Dame marching band begin? What is the claim of the Notre Dame marching band? What is the name of Notre Dame's fight song? What team brought football to Notre Dame in 1887? When did the Michigan Wolverines bring football to Notre Dame? What university has the most Heisman Trophies won? What team does Notre Dame play against for the Jeweled Shillelagh? How many members does Notre Dame have in the College Football Hall of Fame? Who was Notre Dame's legendary football player? What team did Knute Rockne inspire the Notre Dame team to beat? Who starred in the 1940 film Knute Rockne, All American? Who was Notre Dame's legendary football player? How many seats are in Notre Dame Stadium? What is the traditional item that Zahm House decorates its halls with? What is the name of the traditional activity that begins at midnight? Where will the band of the Fighting Irish play a concert? What will the trumpet section play under the dome? On what day does the Drummers' Circle continue? How many wins does the Notre Dame men's basketball team have? How many schools have won the NCAA tournament? How many NCAA tournaments have the Notre Dame men's basketball team appeared in? Who holds the record for most points scored in a single game? Who coached the Notre Dame men's basketball team? Who wrote the original lyrics of the "Notre Dame Victory March"? When did Michael J. Shea graduate from Notre Dame? Who wrote the "Notre Dame Victory March"? When did the song first appear under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame? What is the message of the "Notre Dame Victory March"? What was Ronald Reagan's nickname? In what movie was the "Notre Dame Victory March" scene parodied? Who played Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger in the movie Rudy? Who did the background music honor in the movie Airplane!? Which film featured the "Win one for the Gipper" speech? Who is a notable alumnus of Notre Dame? Who is a notable alumnus of the College of Science? Who is the current president of Notre Dame? What medal did Mariel Zagunis win? What astronaut was an alumnus of Notre Dame? When did Beyoncé rise to fame as the lead singer of Destiny's Child? What type of competitions did Beyoncé perform as a child? When was Beyoncé's debut album released? Where was Beyoncé raised? When did Beyoncé rise to fame as the lead singer of Destiny's Child? What R&B group did Beyoncé sing for in the 1990s? What was Beyoncé's debut album called? Who was the father of Destiny's Child? Where was Beyoncé raised? What was Beyoncé's debut album called? When was Beyoncé born? Who is the lead singer of Destiny's Child? When did Beyoncé rise to fame as the lead singer of Destiny's Child? What was Beyoncé's role in Destiny's Child? What was Beyoncé's debut album called? When was Beyoncé's debut album released? How many Grammy Awards did Beyoncé's debut album earn? What was Beyoncé's role in Destiny's Child? What was Beyoncé's debut album called? When was Beyoncé's debut album released? What was Beyoncé's starring role in Dreamgirls? Which rapper did Beyoncé marry? How many Grammy Awards did Sasha Fierce earn? Which film did Beyoncé win a Golden Globe for? When did Sasha Fierce earn a record-setting six Grammy Awards? Who starred in the film Dreamgirls? What label did Beyoncé play Etta James on? When was Destiny's Child disbanded? What was the name of Beyoncé's second solo album? Which film did Beyoncé win a Golden Globe for? Which rapper did Beyoncé marry? What was the name of Beyoncé's third album? What are the themes of Beyoncé's songs? What type of person is Beyoncé? What magazine listed Beyoncé as the most powerful female musician of 2015? In what decade did the Recording Industry Association of America recognize Beyoncé as the Top Certified Artist in America? What magazine listed Beyoncé as the most powerful female musician of 2015? What is Beyoncé's self-described title? When was Beyoncé listed as the 100 most influential people in the world? How many records has Beyoncé sold as a solo artist? How many records did Beyoncé sell with Destiny's Child? How many records has Beyoncé sold as a solo artist? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? What magazine listed Beyoncé as the most powerful female musician of 2015? Solange Knowles is a former member of what band? What is Beyoncé's name a tribute to? What is the ethnicity of Mathew Knowles? What religion was Beyoncé raised in? What company did Mathew Knowles work for? What was Tina Knowles' occupation? Who is Beyoncé's younger sister? What Acadian leader is Beyoncé a descendant of? What company did Mathew Knowles work for? What was Tina Knowles' occupation? Who is Beyoncé's younger sister? What Acadian leader is Beyoncé a descendant of? What religion was Beyoncé raised in? Where is St. Mary's Elementary School? Who was Beyoncé's dance instructor? Where is Parker Elementary School located? Who discovered Beyoncé's singing talent? Where was Beyoncé a member of the choir for two years? What type of school is Parker Elementary School? What John Lennon song did Beyoncé sing to win a school talent show? Where is St. Mary's Elementary School? Who was Beyoncé's dance instructor? How old was Beyoncé when she won a school talent show? Where was Beyoncé a member of the choir for two years? Who produced the song "Girl's Tyme"? Who resigned from his job to manage the group? What record company signed the Girl's Tyme? Who produced the song "Girl's Tyme"? When did Beyoncé's father resign from his job to manage the group? What company did Queen sign a contract with in 1996? What record company signed the Girl's Tyme? How old was Beyoncé when she met LaTavia Roberson? How old was Beyoncé when she met LaTavia Roberson? What was the name of the group that Beyoncé joined with LaTavia Roberson? Who produced the song "Girl's Tyme"? When did Beyoncé's father resign from his job to manage the group? Who signed the Girls' Tyme? What film featured Destiny's Child's Killing Time? What was the name of the group's most successful song? Who did Beyoncé record a duet with on the song "After All Is Said and Done"? When did the group change their name to Destiny's Child? What passage was the name of the group Destiny's Child based on? What film featured Destiny's Child's Killing Time? What was the name of the group's most successful song? Who did Beyoncé record a duet with on the song "After All Is Said and Done"? What passage was the group's name based on? What film featured Destiny's Child's Killing Time? What was the name of the group's first major hit? When was the writing's on the wall released? Who did Beyoncé record a duet with on the song "After All Is Said and Done"? What did Beyoncé experience after she split from Luckett and Roberson? What did Beyoncé do after she split from Luckett and Roberson? Who helped Beyoncé fight her depression? What caused Beyoncé to experience depression? How long did Beyoncé's depression last? Who helped Beyoncé fight her depression? Who replaced LeToya Luckett? Who experienced depression after the split from Luckett and Roberson? Who helped Beyoncé fight her depression? Who replaced LeToya Luckett? What song appeared on the soundtrack to the 2000 film Charlie's Angels? How many consecutive weeks did the single Independent Women Part I top the Billboard Hot 100? Who made the film Carmen: A Hip Hopera? How many copies were sold in the first week of Survivor? Who wrote the Carmen: A Hip Hopera? What was the name of Beyoncé's third album? What 2000 film featured Independent Women Part I? What MTV film starred Beyoncé? What was the name of Beyoncé's third album? Who filed a lawsuit against the band Survivor? When was the album 8 Days of Christmas released? Who played Foxxy Cleopatra in the comedy film Austin Powers in Goldmember? Where did "Work It Out" enter the top ten? What movie did Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr. in? Who starred in 'Fighting Temptation'? What was the name of the film that Beyoncé played Foxxy Cleopatra in? What comedy film did Beyoncé play Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers? How much did the comedy film Austin Powers in Goldmember grossed? What was the genre of the film The Fighting Temptations? What comedy did Beyoncé star in? What kind of reviews did The Fighting Temptations get? What comedy film did Beyoncé play Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers? Who did Beyoncé play in the comedy film Austin Powers in Goldmember? What was the name of the lead single from the film "Austin Powers in Goldmember"? What movie did Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr. in? What comedy did Beyoncé star in? What number did the song Bonnie & Clyde reach on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart? What was Beyoncé's first solo album? How many copies of Dangerously in Love have been sold worldwide? What was Beyoncé's first number-one single as a solo artist? How high did the single Bonnie & Clyde rank on the US Billboard Hot 100? Who released the single "Crazy in Love"? What was Beyoncé's first solo album? What number did the song Bonnie & Clyde reach on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart? Who performed on the song "The Closer I Get to You"? Who released the single "Crazy in Love"? When was Beyoncé's first solo album released? What was Beyoncé's first number-one single as a solo artist? Who was Beyoncé's vocalist on "The Closer I Get to You"? How many Grammy Awards did the single "Crazy in Love" win? What was the name of the final Destiny's Child album? When did the group accept a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame? When did Beyoncé embark on the Dangerously in Love Tour? What was the name of the final Destiny's Child album? Where was the last stop of Destiny's Child's European tour? When did the group accept a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame? What tour did Beyoncé embark on in 2003? Who did Beyoncé tour with for the Verizon Ladies First Tour in North America? When did Beyoncé perform the American national anthem? What was the name of Destiny's Child's concert tour? How many copies did B'Day sell in its first week? What was the title of B'Day's lead single? How many times did the single "Déjà Vu" reach the top of the Billboard Hot 100? How many times did the single "Déjà Vu" reach the top of the Billboard Hot 100? What was Beyoncé's birthday on September 5, 2006? Who was featured on B'Day's lead single? How high did the single "Déjà Vu" reach on the Billboard Hot 100 chart? What was the name of Beyoncé's second solo album? How many copies did B'Day sell in its first week? Who was featured on B'Day's lead single? What was the name of Beyoncé's second solo album? What was Beyoncé's first acting role in 2006? What was the name of Beyoncé's second film? What was the name of Beyoncé's second film? In what year did Beyoncé embark on her first worldwide concert tour? How much did the Beyoncé Experience grossed? How much did The Pink Panther grossed? What was Beyoncé's first worldwide concert tour? Who did B'Day have a duet with? What was Beyoncé's first acting role in 2006? Who was the pop singer in Dreamgirls based on? What was Beyoncé's lead single from Dreamgirls? What was Beyoncé's first worldwide concert tour? Who did B'Day have a duet with? Who did Beyoncé marry on April 4, 2008? When was I Am... Sasha Fierce released? In what decade did Beyoncé achieve more top-ten singles than any other woman? Who sang the song "You Belong with Me"? How much did the I Am... Sasha Fierce grossed? How did Beyoncé reveal her relationship to Jay Z? When did Beyoncé embark on the I Am... Sasha Fierce tour? Who sang the song "You Belong with Me"? How much did the I Am... Sasha Fierce grossed? When did Beyoncé marry Jay Z? Who did Beyoncé marry on April 4, 2008? What was the name of Beyoncé's third album? What was the name of Beyoncé's album "Put a Ring on It"? Who interrupted the ceremony for I Am... Sasha Fierce? Who did Beyoncé play in Cadillac Records? What organization did Beyoncé donate her salary from Cadillac Records to? What song did Beyoncé perform at the First Couple's first inaugural ball? What type of movie was Obsessed? What award did Etta James win in 2010? What organization did Beyoncé donate her salary from Cadillac Records to? What was the name of the 2008 movie that Beyoncé starred opposite Ali Larter? Who did Beyoncé play in Obsessed? How much more did Etta James make than Cadillac Records? Who did Beyoncé play in Cadillac Records? What organization did Beyoncé donate her salary from Cadillac Records to? Where did Beyoncé perform Etta James' At Last? What was the name of the 2008 movie that Beyoncé starred opposite Ali Larter? How many Grammy nominations did Beyoncé receive at the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards? Who did Beyoncé tie for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist? Who was featured on Beyoncé's 2010 single "Telephone"? How many number-ones did Lady Gaga and Beyoncé have on the US Pop Songs chart? Who did Beyoncé tie with for most number-ones since the Nielsen Top 40 airplay chart launched in 1992? How many Grammy nominations did Beyoncé receive at the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards? What was the name of Lady Gaga's 2010 single? Who was featured on Beyoncé's 2010 single "Telephone"? Who did Beyoncé tie with for most number-ones since the Nielsen Top 40 airplay chart launched in 1992? Who did Beyoncé tie for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist? How many Grammy nominations did Beyoncé receive at the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards? Who did Beyoncé tie for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist? Who was featured on Beyoncé's 2010 single "Telephone"? Who did Beyoncé tie with for most number-ones since the Nielsen Top 40 airplay chart launched in 1992? When did Beyoncé announce her hiatus from her music career? When did Beyoncé announce her hiatus from her music career? What landmark did Beyoncé visit during her musical break? When did Beyoncé announce her hiatus from her music career? Who told Beyoncé to live life, to be inspired by things again? When did Beyoncé and her father parted ways? How long did Beyoncé's musical break last? What did Beyoncé announce in January 2010? Who told Beyoncé to live life, to be inspired by things again? Who did Beyoncé parted ways with during her hiatus from her music career? How long did Beyoncé's musical break last? When did WikiLeaks reveal that Beyoncé performed for the family of Gaddafi? What organization did Beyoncé donate money to? Where did Beyoncé headline the Pyramid stage in 2011? Who did a spokesperson for Beyoncé tell? How much did Beyoncé earn per minute at Glastonbury? What revealed that Beyoncé performed for the family of Gaddafi? When did WikiLeaks reveal that Beyoncé performed for the family of Gaddafi? Who did a spokesperson for Beyoncé tell? What festival did Beyoncé headline in 2011? Whose family did Beyoncé perform for in 2011? Who obtained the documents that revealed that Beyoncé was one of the entertainers who performed for the family of Muammar Gaddafi? Who did Beyoncé donate the money to? What was Beyoncé's main stage at Glastonbury Festival? In what year was Beyoncé's fourth album released? What was the name of Beyoncé's fourth single? What type of award did Beyoncé receive for her cover story for Essence? Where did Beyoncé perform at her 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé concerts? When was Beyoncé's fourth album released? How many copies did 4 sell in its first week? Who awarded Beyoncé a writing award for her cover story for Essence? In what year was Beyoncé's fourth album released? What was the name of Beyoncé's fourth album? When was Beyoncé's fourth album released? How many copies did 4 sell in its first week? What magazine did Beyoncé write a cover story for? Where did Beyoncé perform at her 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé concerts? When did Beyoncé give birth to her first child? Where did Beyoncé give birth to her first child? What was the name of Beyoncé's first child? Where did Beyoncé perform for four nights? When did Beyoncé give birth to her first child? What was the name of Beyoncé's first child? How long after her birth did Beyoncé perform at Atlantic City's Ovation Hall? How long did Beyoncé perform at Atlantic City's Ovation Hall? When did Beyoncé give birth to her first child? What was the name of Beyoncé's first child? Where did Beyoncé give birth to her first child? Where did Beyoncé perform for four nights? How many nights did Beyoncé perform at Atlantic City's Ovation Hall? What type of songs are on Destiny's Child's Love Songs? What was the name of Beyoncé's documentary? What did Beyoncé sign with Warner/Chappell Music? When did Destiny's Child release Love Songs? What was the name of the new track on Destiny's Child's album? Whose inauguration did Beyoncé perform at? How many tweets did the halftime show at the Super Bowl have? When did Destiny's Child release Love Songs? What was the name of the new track on Destiny's Child's album? What did Beyoncé perform at President Obama's inauguration? What was the second most tweeted about moment in history? What was the name of Beyoncé's documentary? How many dates were on the Mrs. Carter Show World Tour? What was the name of the most successful tour of Beyoncé's career? What was the name of the song Beyoncé recorded for the film? What was the name of the 3D CGI animated film? When did the Mrs. Carter Show World Tour begin? What event was Beyoncé honorary chair of? Who did Beyoncé voice in Epic? What was the name of the song Beyoncé recorded for the film? What was the name of the most successful tour of Beyoncé's career? How many dates were on the Mrs. Carter Show World Tour? What Amy Winehouse song did Beyoncé cover? What event was Beyoncé honorary chair of in 2013? Who did Beyoncé voice in Epic? Where did Beyoncé release her fifth album? When did Beyoncé release her fifth album? Where did Beyoncé release her fifth album? Who was on the single "Drunk in Love"? Who reported that Beyoncé was the top-earning woman in music for the second year in a row? How much did Beyoncé earn in 2013? When did Beyoncé release her fifth album? How many digital copies did the album sell worldwide in six days? What was the name of Beyoncé's fifth album? What was the name of Beyoncé's tour with Jay Z? How many awards did Beyoncé win at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards? Who won the Album of the Year award? What magazine did Beyoncé cover in August? Who released the track Hymn for the Weekend? How many awards did Beyoncé win at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards? Who won the Album of the Year award? Who released the track Hymn for the Weekend? How many awards was Beyoncé nominated for at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards? What magazine did Beyoncé cover in August? Who released the track Hymn for the Weekend? Who released the track Hymn for the Weekend? How many Grammy Awards was Beyoncé nominated for? How many awards did Beyoncé win at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards? Who won the Album of the Year award? What magazine did Beyoncé cover in August? Who released the track Hymn for the Weekend? On what streaming service did Beyoncé release a new single? What was the name of the single Beyoncé released on Tidal? When did Beyoncé release a new single on Tidal? How did Beyoncé release the single "Formation"? On what streaming service did Beyoncé release a new single? What type of service was Tidal? When did Beyoncé release a new single on Tidal? On what streaming service did Beyoncé release a new single? How many records have the couple sold together? Where did Beyoncé and Jay Z go to shoot the album cover for her 4? What did Beyoncé suffer in 2010 or 2011? Who is believed to have been in a relationship with Beyoncé? When was Beyoncé married to Jay Z? How many records have the couple sold together? What did Beyoncé do after she suffered a miscarriage? Where did Beyoncé and Jay Z go to shoot the album cover for her 4? What song did Beyoncé collaborate with Jay Z on? When was Beyoncé married to Jay Z? How many records have the couple sold together? What did Beyoncé suffer in 2010 or 2011? Where did Beyoncé become pregnant? What was the most watched broadcast in MTV history? What did Beyonce say at the end of the MTV Video Music Awards? How many viewers did the MTV Video Music Awards draw in? What was the most watched broadcast in MTV history? What helped the MTV Video Music Awards become the most-watched broadcast in MTV history? What Guinness World Records record did Beyonce hold for a single event? What was the most Googled term for the week of August 29, 2011? What song did Beyonce perform at the MTV Video Music Awards? What was the most watched broadcast in MTV history? What song did Beyonce perform at the MTV Video Music Awards? How many viewers did the MTV Video Music Awards draw in? What was the most Googled term for the week of August 29, 2011? What was the name of Jay Z's website? What was the name of Jay Z's song dedicated to his daughter? What was the name of Beyoncé's daughter? Where did Beyoncé give birth to Blue Ivy Carter? What was the name of Jay Z's song dedicated to his daughter? What was the name of Beyoncé's daughter? What was Beyoncé officially credited as in the song "Glory"? When did Beyoncé give birth to Blue Ivy Carter? What was the name of Beyoncé's daughter? What was the name of Jay Z's song dedicated to his daughter? What is included in the song "Glory"? What was Beyoncé officially credited as in the song "Glory"? Who was acquitted for the shooting of Trayvon Martin? What song did Beyoncé perform at the 2009 inauguration? How much did the fundraiser for Obama raise? What did Beyoncé endorse on March 26, 2013? What event did Beyoncé and Jay-Z attend in response to the acquittal of George Zimmerman? What song did Beyoncé perform at the 2009 inauguration? What song did Beyoncé perform at the 2009 inauguration? What song did Beyoncé perform at the Neighborhood Ball? Where did Beyoncé post pictures of her paper ballot? What did Beyoncé endorse on March 26, 2013? What magazine published an interview with Beyoncé in April 2013? What campaign does Beyoncé contribute to? What magazine published an interview with Beyoncé in April 2013? When did Vogue publish an interview with Beyoncé? What is the name of the campaign that uses television and social media to encourage leadership in girls? What was the name of Beyoncé's song? What does the Ban Bossy campaign encourage? Who gave the speech "We should all be feminists"? What is the name of the campaign that uses television and social media to encourage leadership in girls? Who was collecting signatures for the open letter Beyoncé signed in 2015? When will the UN summit in South Africa take place? What did the letter urge Angela Merkel and Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma to focus on? What will the G7 set before a main UN summit in September 2015? When did Beyoncé sign an open letter? Who was the letter addressed to? What position did Merkel and Dlamini-Zuma hold? When will the UN summit in South Africa take place? Who was collecting signatures for the open letter Beyoncé signed in 2015? Who was the letter addressed to? What position did Dlamini-Zuma hold? What did the letter urge Angela Merkel and Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma to focus on? Whose death caused Beyoncé and Jay-Z to meet with Gray's family? Who was incarcerated after Freddie Gray's death? Whose death caused Beyoncé and Jay-Z to meet with Gray's family? How much did Beyoncé and Jay-Z donate to bail out protesters of Freddie Gray's death? Who was Beyoncé's world's best-paid music personality? What did the Guinness World Records call the couple that Beyoncé and Jay Z? When did MTV estimate that Beyoncé would become the highest-paid black musician in history? What was Beyoncé's net worth in 2015? Who was Beyoncé's world's best-paid music personality? What magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008? In what year did Beyoncé earn an average of $70 million per year? How much did Beyoncé earn between June 2013 and June 2014? What was Beyoncé's net worth in 2015? What magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008? When did Beyoncé become the highest-paid black musician in history? Who estimated that Beyoncé would become the highest-paid black musician in history? In what year did Beyoncé and Jay Z become the world's first billion dollar couple in the music industry? How many octaves does Beyoncé's vocal range span? Who said that Beyoncé's voice is one of the most compelling instruments in popular music? Who called Beyoncé's voice "versatile"? Along with soul and rock, what genre of music is Beyoncé known for exploring? How many octaves does Beyoncé's vocal range span? What does the Daily Mail call Beyoncé's voice? Along with soul and rock, what genre of music is Beyoncé known for exploring? How do critics describe Beyoncé's voice? How many octaves does Beyoncé's vocal range span? What makes Beyoncé the centerpiece of Destiny's Child? What did Jon Pareles call Beyoncé's voice? What era influenced Beyoncé's vocal style? What type of music is Beyoncé known for? What other genres of music does Beyoncé incorporate into her songs? What language did Beyoncé record songs for Irreemplazable? What was the name of the song Beyoncé recorded for Irreemplazable? Who coached Beyoncé phonetically? What type of music is Beyoncé known for? What language do Beyoncé almost exclusively release? What language did Beyoncé record songs for Irreemplazable? What song was re-recorded for a Spanish audience for Irreemplazable? What type of music is Beyoncé known for? What language did Beyoncé record songs for Irreemplazable? Who coached Beyoncé phonetically? What song was re-released for a Spanish audience? What does Beyoncé not formulate herself? What was the name of a man-tending anthem that Beyoncé transitioned to after the start of her relationship with Jay Z? What was the theme of Beyoncé's early songs? What type of songs did Beyoncé transition to after her relationship with Jay Z? What has Beyoncé received for most of the records in which she has been involved? What does Beyoncé come up with during production? What is the name of one of Beyoncé's early songs? What type of credits has Beyoncé received for most of her records? What does Beyoncé come up with during production? Who was the third woman to have writing credits on three number one songs? Where did Beyoncé win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award? Which American songwriter has nine songwriting credits on number-one singles? What list did Billboard list Beyoncé at number 17 on? When did Beyoncé win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award? How many times has Beyoncé written three number one songs? Who listed Beyoncé at number 17 on their list of the Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters? How many women have written three number one songs? What award did Beyoncé win in 2001? Where did Beyoncé win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award? How many number one songs did Beyoncé write? How many Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters did Beyoncé rank in 2011? Who is Beyoncé's major musical influence? How old was Beyoncé when she attended her first concert with Jackson? Who is Beyoncé's major musical influence? What did Mariah Carey's song "Vision of Love" influence Beyoncé to begin practicing as a child? Who is Beyoncé's major musical influence? What is the name of Mariah Carey's song? Who is Beyoncé's major musical influence? Who is Beyoncé's major musical influence? Who did Beyoncé admire as an "all-around entertainer? Who did Beyoncé say inspired her to get up there and do what she did? What is the name of Mariah Carey's song? What themes did Beyoncé's B'Day have? Which singer inspired Beyoncé's feminism and female empowerment themes? Who inspired Beyoncé's third solo album I Am... Sasha Fierce? What was Beyoncé's role in the film "B'Day" inspired by? What did Etta James have in common with Jay Z? Where did Beyoncé perform "Déjà Vu"? Who did Beyoncé pay homage to at the 2006 Fashion Rocks concert? What song did Beyoncé perform at the 2006 Fashion Rocks concert? Who is Beyoncé personally inspired by? When did Beyoncé say that Madonna inspired her to take control of her own career? Who did Beyoncé describe as "the definition of inspiration and a strong woman"? Who is Beyoncé personally inspired by? How did Beyoncé describe Oprah Winfrey? What did Beyoncé call Jean-Michel Basquiat? What did Beyoncé say Madonna inspired her to do? What does Beyoncé consider Jay Z to be? Who is Beyoncé personally inspired by? Who did Beyoncé describe as "the definition of inspiration and a strong woman"? What artist has Beyoncé expressed admiration for? Who did Beyoncé say inspired her to take control of her own career? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What is the name of Beyoncé's band Suga Mama? Who are the members of the Suga Mamas? When was Suga Mama introduced? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? Where did the Suga Mamas make their debut? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? Suga Mama was also the name of a song in what song? What is the name of Beyoncé's band Suga Mama? Where did the Suga Mamas make their debut? What has Beyoncé received praise for during live performances? Who described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive? What has Beyoncé received praise for? Who ranked Beyoncé as one of the Five Best Singer/Dancers? What did L.A. Reid call Beyoncé? How did Alice Jones feel about Beyoncé's role as entertainer? Who ranked Beyoncé as one of the Five Best Singer/Dancers? Who described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive? What was Beyoncé's alter ego? When was Sasha conceived? In what year did Beyoncé announce that she no longer needed Sasha Fierce? What show did Beyoncé announce in May 2012? How did Beyoncé describe Sasha? What did Beyoncé announce in May 2012? What was the name of Beyoncé's 2008 album? When was the album I Am... Sasha Fierce released? What song was Sasha conceived during? Who did Beyoncé announce that she no longer needed Sasha Fierce? How is Beyoncé's sex appeal described? Who wrote that Beyoncé has become a crossover sex symbol? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? Which song popularized the term "Bootylicious"? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? When was the term "Bootylicious" added to the Oxford English Dictionary? Who wrote that Beyoncé has become a crossover sex symbol? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? When was the term "Bootylicious" added to the Oxford English Dictionary? How does Beyoncé dress onstage? What type of debut did Beyoncé make at Tom Ford's Spring/Summer 2011 fashion show? Where did Beyoncé make her runway modelling debut? Who named Beyoncé "World's Most Beautiful Woman"? When did GQ place Beyoncé on its cover? Who listed Beyoncé at number 1 on its 100 Sexiest Artists list? Who named Beyoncé "World's Most Beautiful Woman"? Who named Beyoncé the "Hottest Female Singer of All Time"? In what year did GQ place Beyoncé on its cover? Where did VH1 rank Beyoncé on its 100 Sexiest Artists list? When did Beyoncé make her runway modelling debut? Who named Beyoncé "World's Most Beautiful Woman"? What did Complex call Beyoncé in 2012? Where are Beyoncé's wax figures found? Who co-wrote the book Destiny's Style? Who was the first African American woman featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? What was the name of the book that Beyoncé's mother co-wrote? When was Beyoncé featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? Who was the first African American woman featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? Who was the first African American woman featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? What magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best-dressed celebrity? What is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base? What was the previous name of Beyoncé's fans? What online social network did Beyoncé's fans petition for the name Bey Hive? What is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base? What was the previous name of Beyoncé's fans? What is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base? What was the previous name of Beyoncé's fans? What word does the name Bey Hive derive from? What clothing line did PETA criticize Beyoncé for using fur? What French fashion magazine criticized Beyoncé's 2011 appearance on the cover? What was Beyoncé wearing on the cover of L'Officiel? When did PETA criticize Beyoncé? What did PETA criticize Beyoncé for in 2006? What French fashion magazine criticized Beyoncé's 2011 appearance on the cover? How did Beyoncé appear on the cover of L'Officiel? What French fashion magazine criticized Beyoncé's 2011 appearance on the cover? What clothing line did PETA criticize Beyoncé for using fur? What magazine did Beyoncé appear on the cover of in 2011? What community has Beyoncé's lighter skin color and costuming drawn criticism from? Who wrote in 2007 that he thinks race plays a role in the criticisms of Beyoncé's skin color and costuming? What company was accused of whitening Beyoncé's skin in 2008? What did Vogue request from H&M? How did L'Oréal respond to the accusations of whitening Beyoncé's skin? Along with her lighter skin color, what has been criticized by some in the African-American community? Who wrote in 2007 that he thinks race plays a role in the criticisms of Beyoncé's skin color and costuming? What company was accused of whitening Beyoncé's skin in 2008? What was L'Oréal accused of whitening Beyoncé's skin in 2008? What company did Beyoncé criticize in 2013? Who named Beyoncé Artist of the Decade? When did Beyoncé make the Time 100 list? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of The Times? What did The Guardian call Beyoncé? When did Beyoncé make the Time 100 list? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of The Times? Who wrote that Beyoncé was the greatest live performer of the past 10 years? Who described Beyoncé as "the most important and compelling popular musician of the twenty-first century?" Who named Beyoncé Artist of the Decade? What list did Beyoncé make in 2013? Who wrote that Beyoncé was the greatest live performer of the past 10 years? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of The Times? Which American indie rock band cited Beyoncé as an inspiration for their third album Milk Famous? Who studied Beyoncé at her live concerts? What company's commercial influenced Nicki Minaj? What influenced Nicki Minaj to appear in Pepsi's 2012 global campaign? Which American indie rock band cited Beyoncé as an inspiration for their third album Milk Famous? What has Beyoncé influenced many artists? What film did Gwyneth Paltrow make while studying Beyoncé? Which American indie rock band cited Beyoncé as an inspiration for their third album Milk Famous? What is the name of the album White Rabbits released in 2012? Who studied Beyoncé at her live concerts? What film did Gwyneth Paltrow make while studying Beyoncé? Who stated that seeing Beyoncé's Pepsi commercial influenced her decision to appear in the company's 2012 global campaign? What was Beyoncé's debut single? How many Grammy Awards did "Crazy in Love" earn? How many copies did "Crazy in Love" sell? What is Scaptia beyonceae? When was a Beyoncé exhibit introduced to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame? What was Beyoncé's debut single? How many Grammys did the single "Crazy in Love" win? How many copies did "Crazy in Love" sell? Who released the single "Girls Love Beyoncé"? Who considered "Crazy in Love" to be one of the 500 greatest songs of all time? Who released the single "Girls Love Beyoncé"? What is Scaptia beyonceae? How many albums has Beyoncé sold as a solo artist? How many records has Beyoncé sold worldwide? How many certifications did Beyoncé have? How many records did Beyoncé sell with Destiny's Child? Who is one of the best-selling music artists of all time? How many albums has Beyoncé sold as a solo artist? How many records has Beyoncé sold worldwide? How many records did Beyoncé sell with Destiny's Child? Where did Beyoncé receive the Legend Award? How many certifications did Beyoncé have? How many albums has Beyoncé sold as a solo artist? How many records has Beyoncé sold worldwide? What organization listed Beyoncé as the top certified artist of the 2000s? How many certifications did Beyoncé have? Where did Beyoncé receive the Legend Award? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? Who is the most nominated woman in Grammy history? How many Grammy nominations does Beyoncé have? How many Grammy awards did Beyoncé win in 2010? How many awards did Beyoncé win at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards in 2006? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? How many Grammy nominations does Beyoncé have? When did "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" win Song of the Year? Who won the most Grammy awards by a female artist in one night? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? How many Grammy nominations does Beyoncé have? What song won Song of the Year in 2010? Which film was Beyoncé nominated for Best Actress? What company has Beyoncé worked with since 2002? How much did Beyoncé pay to endorse Pepsi? Who wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal? How much of a positive audience reaction did Beyoncé's campaign have to Pepsi commercials and print ads? When did Beyoncé begin working with Pepsi? Who did Beyoncé appear in a Gladiator-themed commercial with in 2004? What did Beyoncé sign a $50 million deal to do in 2012? Who wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal? What company has Beyoncé worked with since 2002? How much did Beyoncé pay to endorse Pepsi? Who wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal? Who found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013? Who did Beyoncé work with for True Star and True Star Gold? Who has worked with Tommy Hilfiger for True Star? What was the name of Beyoncé's first fragrance? When was the Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition version of Heat released? How much did the Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition of Heat sell? What was the name of Beyoncé's first fragrance? In what year did Beyoncé launch her second fragrance? What is the name of Beyoncé's third fragrance? How many editions of Heat were released in 2013? What Emporio Armani fragrance did Beyoncé promote in 2007? When did Beyoncé launch her first fragrance? What was the name of Beyoncé's first fragrance? How many editions of Heat were released in 2013? How old was Beyoncé when the game Starpower: Beyoncé was released? What was the name of the video game that Beyoncé pulled out of? How long has Beyoncé had deals with American Express, Nintendo DS and L'Oréal? How many people were sacked by GateFive? How was the Starpower: Beyoncé cancelled? What was the name of the video game that Beyoncé pulled out of? What was the name of the video game that Beyoncé pulled out of? What company did Beyoncé pull out of a $100 million deal with? How many staff did Beyoncé sack? When was the game Starpower: Beyoncé cancelled? What company is Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd a subsidiary of? What was the name of the 50/50 split subsidiary business that Beyoncé partnered with Topshop? What market did Topshop want to break into? When is the collection set to launch? Who is the London-based fashion retailer that Beyoncé partnered with in October 2014? In what year is the Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd set to launch? What was the name of Beyoncé's management company? Who is the London-based fashion retailer that Beyoncé partnered with in October 2014? Where is Topshop located? What market did Topshop want to break into? When was it announced that Beyoncé was a co-owner of Tidal? Who is Beyoncé's husband? When was it announced that Beyoncé was a co-owner of Tidal? What is Tidal? What has Spotify been criticised for? What music streaming service did Beyoncé co-own with Jay-Z? What is the name of the parent company of Tidal? Who is Beyoncé's husband? What streaming service is Beyoncé a co-owner of? Who founded Beyond Productions? Who was Beyoncé's grandmother? What company provides licensing and brand management for House of Deréon? What does House of Deréon feature? Where is House of Deréon available? Who founded Beyond Productions? When was House of Deréon introduced? Who is the name of Beyoncé's grandmother? Where were House of Deréon pieces exhibited? Who founded Beyond Productions? What is the name of House of Dereon's junior collection? What type of company is House of Brands? Where did C&A launch the Deréon by Beyoncé collection? In what year did Sasha Fierce for Deréon launch? What did the Beyoncé Fashion Diva feature? What was the name of Beyoncé's junior apparel label? When did C&A launch the Deréon by Beyoncé collection? What shoe company did Beyoncé partner with in 2005? What was the name of the high-style mobile game launched by Starwave Mobile? What was the name of Beyoncé's junior apparel label? Which clothing store teamed up with Beyoncé to launch Deréon by Beyoncé? Along with Macy's and Against All Odds, where was Sasha Fierce for Deréon available? What British fashion retailer did Beyoncé sign a deal with to launch an activewear line? When will Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd launch? What is the name of Beyoncé's activewear line? How many people were in the Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd venture? When will the Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd line of clothing launch? What British fashion retailer did Beyoncé sign a deal with to launch an activewear line? What is the name of Beyoncé's activewear line? What type of clothing did Beyoncé sign a deal to launch with Topshop? What event caused Beyoncé and Rowland to form the Survivor Foundation? How much did Beyoncé contribute to the Survivor Foundation? What was the name of the hurricane that caused the Survivor Foundation to expand? What charity did Beyoncé and Rowland founded after Hurricane Katrina? How much did Beyoncé contribute to the Survivor Foundation? How has the Survivor Foundation expanded? What charity did Beyoncé and Rowland founded after Hurricane Katrina? How much did Beyoncé contribute to the Survivor Foundation? What was the name of the hurricane that caused the Survivor Foundation to expand? Who participated in the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief telethon? Where is the Beyoncé Cosmetology Center located? What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover? How much did the CFDA "Fashion For Haiti" T-shirt raise? Where did Beyoncé and her mother open their cosmetology center? What charity did Beyoncé's single "God Bless the USA" help raise funds for? What telethon did Beyoncé participate in? Who participated in the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief telethon? What is the name of the cosmetology center that Beyoncé opened with her mother? What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover? What was the name of the shooting that prompted the "Demand A Plan" campaign? What song did Beyoncé donate to the World Humanitarian Day campaign? What is the name of the food-donation campaign Beyoncé is taking part in? Where did a concert for "Demand A Plan" take place? Who was Tina Knowles? What was the name of the shooting that led to the creation of the Demand A Plan campaign? What was the goal of the "Chime for Change" campaign? What was the name of the crowdfunding platform that Beyoncé used for the "Demand A Plan" campaign? What was the name of the bipartisan campaign that Beyoncé teamed up with other celebrities for? What school was the target of the Demand A Plan campaign? What song did Beyoncé donate to the World Humanitarian Day campaign? Who did Beyoncé work with on the Gucci "Chime for Change" campaign? What is Montana's name derived from? Where is Montana ranked in size? Where does Montana rank in population? How many named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains? What is Montana's name derived from? When was the ponderosa pine chosen as the preferred state tree? When did the Montana legislature designate a state tree? When did Montana's secretary of state sponsor a children's vote to choose a state animal? What animal won over the elk by a 2–1 margin? What was the state fossil that the students of Livingston lobbied the state legislature to name? In what year did a musical troupe stop in Butte to compose Montana's state song? What is Montana's motto? What does Oro y Plata mean? When was Montana's motto first adopted? When was the bitterroot adopted as Montana's state flower? What is Montana's state flower? How much of Montana's population is comprised of Montana's seven most populous cities? How many counties does Montana have? What is the name of Montana's one city with a population over 100,000? Which two cities have populations over 50,000? What does the Spanish word Montaa mean? What was the name given by early Spanish explorers to the entire mountainous region of the west? What is the total area of Montana? What state borders Montana to the south? What state borders Montana to the west and southwest? Where are most of Montana's named mountain ranges located? How much of Montana is prairie? Which section of the Divide is part of the Rocky Mountain Front? Where does the Saskatchewan River empties into? How high is the Beartooth Plateau? What is the highest point in the state? How high is Granite Peak? How many state Senate seats do Democrats hold? In what year did the lone congressional district become Republican? What was the vote in 2015 in the state House of Representatives? What was the percentage of Republicans in the state Senate in 2015? What was Montana classified as in the 2008 presidential election? When did Montana last support a Democrat for president? How many times has Montana voted for Democratic governors? How many times has Montana voted for Democratic presidents? What is the busiest airport in Montana? When did Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport surpass Billings Logan International Airport? What is Montana's largest railroad? When did railroads become an important method of transportation in Montana? What Montana organization has a historic big game hunting tradition? When is the hunting season for black bear in Montana? Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of what animals? When did Montana become a destination for world class trout fisheries? What organization hosts many of the annual conclaves in Montana? What types of fisheries are found in Montana? What is the name of Norman Mclean's novel? When was the Montana Territory formed? When was the first formal school in the area formed? How much did a student pay per week to attend Fort Owen? When was the first public school formed in Virginia City? How many miles of Montana's rivers and creeks are known for "blue-ribbon" trout fishing? Along with the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico, where do Montana's rivers feed? Where do Montana's watersheds divide? Along with the Gulf of Mexico and Hudson Bay, what ocean do Montana's rivers feed? What rivers form the Missouri River? The Missouri River is formed by the confluence of the Jefferson, Madison and Gallatin rivers near what? What direction does the Missouri River flow? When was the Missouri River designated a National Wild and Scenic River? What direction does the Yellowstone River flow through Yellowstone National Park? Where does the Yellowstone River join the Missouri River? How many named lakes and reservoirs are in Montana? What is the largest lake in the western US? What is the largest reservoir in Montana? On what river is Fort Peck Reservoir located? How much of Montana is covered by forests? How many fish are in Montana? What animal has the largest population in the lower 48 states? How many federally endangered species does Montana have? How many species of game fish does the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manage? What is the average annual precipitation? How much precipitation does Heron receive? How much snow does the Grinnell Glacier get? How many brackets does Montana's personal income tax contain? What is Montana's personal income tax rate? How much sales tax does Montana have? How many people of Native American heritage live in Montana? When was the Indian Appropriations Act passed? When was the Dawes Act passed? Where are the Little Shell Chippewa headquartered? What percentage of all Native people live off the reservations? What is the largest European-American population in Montana? What was Helena founded as? How much of Montana's population is Native Americans? Which three Montana counties have a majority of Native Americans? What years did Montana's Native American population grow by 27.9 percent? What was the hottest month ever recorded in Montana? When was the hottest month ever recorded in Montana? What has the combination of warmer weather, attack by beetles, and mismanagement led to a substantial increase in the severity of in Montana? When was the Hellgate treaty negotiated? Who negotiated the Hellgate treaty? When was the Hellgate treaty ratified? What did the Hellgate treaty establish? What was the first U.S. Army post established in Montana? Where was Camp Cooke located? When was the Great Sioux War? When was the Battle of the Big Hole? What is the official language of Montana? According to the 2000 U.S. Census, what percentage of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home? What is the most commonly spoken language at home in Montana? How many Montanans speak Spanish at home? How many speakers speak Cheyenne? What percentage of Montana's population is white? What percentage of Montana's population is American Indian and Alaska Native? What percentage of Montana's population is Hispanic? What was the population of Montana on July 1, 2015? How much did the Montana population increase since the 2010 United States Census? What Montana county saw a 32 percent increase in population from 2000-2010? What city saw the largest percentage of growth in population from 2000-2010? In what year did Jeannette Rankin vote against the US's declaration of war? In what year did Jeannette Rankin vote against the US's declaration of war? What were many conscientious objectors sent to Montana for? How many bison were in Montana in 1870? How many bison remained in the US in 1884? Who pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authorize the slaughter of herds? When did General Philip Sheridan plead to a joint session of Congress to authorize the slaughter of herds? When did the Northern Pacific Railroad reach Montana from the west? When did the NPR reach Montana from the east? When did the NPR launch surveys into the Yellowstone valley? When was the Great Sioux War of 1876? When was the transcontinental NPR completed? When did Montana hold a constitutional convention? What was the failure of the Montana constitutional convention in 1866? In what year was a second constitutional convention held in Helena? When did Congress approve Montana statehood? What states did the omnibus bill grant statehood to? When was the Homestead Act passed? How much federal land did the Homestead Act of 1862 provide for settlers to claim? When was the first homestead claim made in Montana? When was the Desert Land Act passed? How many acres was the Desert Land Act of 1877? How much did the settlers have to pay per acre for the Desert Land Act of 1877? Who began promoting settlement in Montana in the early 1900's? When was the Reclamation Act passed? When was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? How many acres of free land did the Enlarged Homestead Act expand to? What year was the Espionage Act passed? When was the Sedition Act passed? What did the Montana Sedition Act do? How many people were arrested by the Montana Act? How many people were convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act? How many Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war? How many Montanans joined the military before the war ended? How many Montanans died in World War II? What was the name of the joint U.S.-Canadian commando-style force that trained at Fort William Henry Harrison? Where were Montana's air bases built? What does the Genocide Convention aim to prevent the intentional destruction of? In Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic, paragraphs 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the ICTY found that the part must be a substantial part of what? What phrase has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law? What was the name of the case that the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found Genocide had been committed? What does the Appeals Chamber go into to explain how they came to this conclusion? What did the International Court of Justice agree with the narrow interpretation? What did the ECHR say there were few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws? What country's courts took a broad view on the matter of genocide? What laws did the ECHR note there were few cases of genocide under? What did the ECHR review? What did the UN General Assembly adopt in 1948? Who perpetrated the Holocaust? Who campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides? Who adopted a resolution that "affirmed" that genocide was a crime under international law but did not provide a legal definition of the crime? What did the first session of the UN General Assembly not do? What was included in the first draft of the Convention? Who argued that the Convention should follow the etymology of the term? What did the USSR fear would happen if political groups were included in the Convention? What genocide scholar believes that the USSR's opposition to the inclusion of political groups in the Convention's definition was a Soviet machination? The USSR feared greater international scrutiny of what? Who took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group? What types of groups did a minority not consider to be genocide? What case did the ECHR rule on in 2007? What type of destruction did a minority not consider necessary? How was the word genocide used in the process of indictment? Who defined genocide as a coordinated strategy to destroy a group of people? What did Lemming create a concept of mobilizing? What nationality was Peg LeVine? What term was coined to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without necessarily destroying its members? What term was coined to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without necessarily destroying its members? What was Peg LeVine's profession? What elements of a group's basic existence were eliminated by genocide? What is the main focus of the study of genocide? What is the act of genocide formally recognized as? What is genocide viewed as in a general aspect? Who commits genocide? What was established to protect ethnic, national, racial and in some instances religious groups? Why is genocide commonly seen to escape the process of trial and prosecution? What did the Peace of Westphalia protect? When was the Peace of Westphalia established? When was the word genocide first used? What is the Greek prefix for genocide? What is genocide defined as? Who described the policies of systematic murder by the Nazis as genocide? Who described the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war as "a crime without a name"? When was the word genocide first used? How did Winston Churchill describe the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war and civilians? Who described the policies of systematic murder by the Nazis as genocide? What are the words genocide and caedere? What is the goal of genocide? What does paragraph 12 of the Tribunal's Statute state that may involve a number of considerations? What is the necessary and important starting point of an inquiry? How should the number of individuals targeted be evaluated? What can be a useful consideration? What did the judges in paragraph 13 raise the issue of? What suggest that the area of the perpetrators' activity and control should be considered? In addition to the area of the perpetrators' activity and control, what else should be considered? The intent to destroy formed by a perpetrator of genocide will always be limited by what? What can a combination of other factors do? When did the Convention come into force as international law? How many countries were required to join the Geneva Convention? How many of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council were parties to the treaty? Who ratified the treaty in 1970? How many decades did the Convention languish for? What did Kurt Jonassohn and Karin Björnson say the CPPCG was a legal instrument resulting from? What is the wording of the treaty not intended to be suitable for? What does the CPPCG have that other definitions lack? What did Jonassohn and Björnson say has not gained widespread support? Who argue that the academic discipline of genocide studies is too young to have a canon of work on which to build an academic paradigm? What have academics adjusted to emphasise different periods? Who studied the whole of human history? Whose work focused on the 20th century? Who wrote a book about the genocide of the Ottoman empire? What is excluded as targets of genocide in the CPPCG? What book did M. Hassan Kakar write? What does the CPPCG exclude as targets of genocide? What is a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state intends to destroy a group? What is the purpose of Genocide? What do Harff and Gurr define as genocide? What groups are defined primarily in terms of their communal characteristics? What is another term for genocides? What are the communal characteristics of victimized groups? What are short-lived outbursts by mobs called? What is the ordinary meaning of genocide? Along with national, ethnic, racial, and religious membership, what is an ordinary meaning of genocide? What is the legal meaning of genocide? What do non-killings do in the end? What is an example of a non-killing that eliminates the group? Who defined genocide as 'when a source of collective power intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group'? What is a source of genocide? What is the centrality of genocide? What does the definition of genocide broaden? What must a substantial part of a group be before it can be classified as genocide? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish acts of genocide? What did the signatories to the CPPCG sign with the proviso? Who refused to allow a charge of genocide against former Yugoslavia? Along with Cyprus, what country signed the CPPCG with the proviso that no claim of genocide could be brought against them at the International Court of Justice without their consent? What does CPPG stand for? What did the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide find criminals guilty of crimes against? What were criminals found guilty of after the war? What did the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide forbid? Who coined the term "genocide"? Who dismissed the appeal of Nikola Jorgi? What was rejected by international courts considering similar cases? What did the majority of scholars believe did not constitute genocide? What was the purpose of ethnic cleansing in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Who found that the actus reu of genocide was met in the Momcilo Krajisnik case? How many people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide in Bosnia? How have people been found guilty of committing genocide in Bosnia? Zdravko Tolimir has been found guilty of committing genocide and what other crime? What have Radislav Krsti and Drago Nikoli been found guilty of? Who found three people guilty of participating in genocide in Bosnia? What happened to Slobodan Miloevi on March 11, 2006? Where was Karadi arrested in 2008? Which two Bosnian Serbs were arrested by the ICTY in 1995? What was Miloevi accused of? Who was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY? What is the name of the court for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide? When did the Rwandan genocide occur? Who created the ICTR? What does the ICTR judge? Who was the ICTR created for? What has there been much debate over categorizing as genocide? Who declared the conflict in Darfur a genocide? Where did Colin Powell testify on September 9, 2004? Who issued a report to the Secretary-General stating that the Sudan has not pursued a policy of genocide? What type of policy did the International Commission of Inquiry say was not pursued in Darfur? Who did the Security Council formally refer the situation in Darfur to? What did the Security Council take into account when referring the situation in Darfur to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court? Along with China, which permanent member of the Security Council abstained from voting on the Resolution 1593? What was the name of the report that the Prosecutor sent to the Security Council? What has Ervin Staub focused on leading up to genocide? What types of processes create an evolution toward genocide? Who showed that economic deterioration and political confusion were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence? What is a history of that becomes the victim of genocide? What is one way to prevent genocide? What is a common phenomenon? What does the emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics often reflect? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment? What antibiotics used to have a high efficacy against many bacterial species and strains? What does the emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics often reflect? What is the capacity of bacterial strains with physiologically or genetically enhanced capacity to do? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment? What experiment demonstrated that antibacterial selection for strains had previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? What does the activity of antibacterials depend on? What have clinical settings been shown to eliminate? What does bactericidal activity of antibacterials depend on? What does the bactericidal activity of antibacterials often require? What does the activity of antibacterials depend on? What are some of the factors that determine the successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy with antibacterial compounds? How are pharmacological parameters used to predict clinical outcome? What do most antibacterial antibiotics target? What are two examples of antibacterial antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall? What type of antibiotics target the cell membrane? What are examples of antibacterial antibiotics that target protein synthesis? Along with chemical structure and spectrum of activity, what is a common classification of antibacterial antibiotics? What are two examples of antibacterial antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall? What type of antibiotics target the cell membrane? How many new classes of antibacterial antibiotics were discovered in the late 2000s and early 2010s? What are antibacterial antibiotics commonly classified based on? What are most modern antibacterial compounds? What are semisynthetic modifications of various natural compounds? What are compounds that are still isolated from living organisms? How are the quinolones and oxazolidinones produced? What are most modern antibacterials semisynthetic modifications of? What is the molecular weight of many antibacterial compounds? What is produced by fungi in the genus Penicillium? penicillins are produced by what? Antibiotics and vaccination have led to the eradication of what disease in the developed world? What has the effectiveness of antibiotics led to? Who classifies antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat"? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What does the World Health Organization classify antimicrobial resistance as having the potential to affect? What does overuse of antibiotics cause bacteria to do? Who classifies antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat"? In what century did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has overuse of antibiotics led to widespread problems with? What has led to the eradication of tuberculosis in the developed world? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What does overuse of antibiotics cause bacteria to do? Who classifies antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat"? Where is antimicrobial resistance happening right now? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has overuse of antibiotics led to widespread problems with? What is an example of overuse of antibiotics? Antibiotics and vaccination have led to the eradication of what disease in the developed world? What is it called when a patient has proven or suspected infection but the responsible microorganism is not yet unidentified? Where is the identification of the microorganism causing the infection done? What type of antibiotic is used in empirical therapy? When is the best choice of antibiotic given? How long does it take to identify a microorganism in empirical therapy? What type of antibiotic is used in empirical therapy? What is empirical therapy? When is empirical therapy initiated? What are some of the common adverse effects of antibiotics? What is the cause of diarrhea? What type of bacteria can overgrowth of in the vulvo-vaginal area of antibiotics cause? What can cause elevated risk of tendon damage? What have some scientists hypothesized that the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics screened for? Antibiotics are screened for any negative effects on humans or other mammals before approval for what use? What type of organisms are targeted in a side-effect of an antibiotic? What are fever, nausea, and major allergic reactions? What have some scientists hypothesized that the indiscriminate use of antibiotics alter? What are antibiotics screened for? What are some of the common adverse effects of antibiotics? What is a common side-effect of antibiotics? What can antibiotics lead to in the vulvo-vaginal area? What can result from interaction with other drugs? Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with what in humans and mouse models? What does STAT stand for? What subtherapeutic antibiotics were used? Is it clear or unclear whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans? How is the effect of antibiotics on obesity in humans weighed? Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with what in humans and mouse models? What is a critical period for the establishment of the intestinal microbiota and for metabolic development? Is it clear or unclear whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans? What does the majority of studies indicate about antibiotics? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What might intestinal flora do? What are some of the studies that suggest that antibiotics interfere with contraceptive pills? What have clinicians recommended during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives? What do the majority of studies indicate antibiotics interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What might intestinal flora reduce in the colon? What are antibacterials suspected to interact with? What does the majority of studies indicate about antibiotics with contraceptive pills? What have clinicians recommended during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is the result of interactions between alcohol and antibiotics? Does moderate alcohol consumption interfere with many common antibiotics? What is the danger of alcohol and antibiotics being mixed? Is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed widespread? What can be caused by interactions between alcohol and certain antibiotics? What is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What should never be mixed? What can cause side-effects and decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy? What are there types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption can cause? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What may be part of the genetic makeup of bacterial strains? What can be exchanged between different bacterial strains? What may be absent from the bacterial genome? How does the spread of antibacterial resistance occur? Acquired resistance results from what in the bacterial chromosome? How does the spread of antibacterial resistance occur? What can confer resistance to multiple antibacterials? Antibacterial-resistant strains and species are sometimes referred to as what? What does TB stand for? How many new cases of MDR-TB are estimated to occur worldwide each year? What is another name for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis? What have contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What is an example of misuse of antibiotics? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What type of antibiotics are excessively used in travelers? What is a common form of antibiotic misuse? What are other forms of antibiotic misuse? What is a common form of antibiotic misuse? What were physicians more likely to do to patients who appeared to expect them? What is the name of the task force that addresses the issues of misuse and overuse of antibiotics? Who coordinates the US Interagency Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance? When did the "Antibiotics are not automatic" campaign begin in France? When did the EU ban the use of antibiotics as growth-promotional agents? In what report did the emergence of antibiotic resistance prompted restrictions on their use in the UK? What organizations have called for restrictions on antibiotic use in food animal production? What are the names of two federal bills aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in US food animals? Who endorsed the bills that were aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in food animals? Where has there been extensive use of antibiotics? When did the US Food and Drug Administration raise the issue of emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains? When did the US District Court for the Southern District of New York order the FDA to revoke approvals for the use of antibiotics in livestock? Before the 20th century, treatments for infections were primarily based on what? When were antimicrobial drugs first described? What did ancient Egyptians and Greeks use to treat infections? What does 'antibiosis' mean? Who introduced the term 'antibiosis'? What type of fungus has been known to have an effect on infection? Who noticed the same effect in a Petri dish? What was the name of the fungus that killed bacteria in a Petri dish? What could penicillin be used for? What was the name of the first commercially available antibacterial drug? What conglomerate did Gerhard Domagk work for? Who led the research team that developed Prontosil? What award did Domagk receive for his work on Prontosil? What was the name of the first naturally derived antibiotic? When was tyrothricin discovered? When did the discovery of tyrothricin occur? Who discovered tyrothricin? What did tyrothricin treat? When did Florey and Chain purify the first penicillin? When did penicillin G become widely available? Who developed the back extraction technique for efficiently purifying penicillin in bulk? When did penicillin G become widely available? Who determined the chemical structure of penicillin in 1945? What do vaccines rely on? What has been responsible for a drastic reduction in global bacterial diseases? What type of vaccines have been replaced by less reactogenic, cell-free vaccines? What is an option that is being looked into for treating resistant strains of bacteria? What is phage therapy used to treat resistant strains of bacteria? What is one worry about using phages to fight pathogens? Since 2009, how many new antibiotics have been approved in the US? How many antibiotics are currently in phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials? In what year did the IDSA report that the weak antibiotic pipeline did not match bacteria's ability to develop resistance? Who could make the ADAPT Act more feasible? What could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in the ADAPT Act? What does the ADAPT aim to combat? Who is the senior director for health programs at The Pew Charitable Trusts? What nationalities were Chopin's parents? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? What instrument did Chopin primarily write for? Where was Chopin born? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? When was Chopin born? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? Where was Chopin born? What instrument did Chopin primarily write for? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? When did Chopin die? What was the birth name of Frédéric François Chopin? What instrument did Chopin primarily write for? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? When was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? What era was Chopin a virtuoso pianist? When did Chopin die? How old was Chopin when he settled in Paris? How many public performances did Chopin give in his last 18 years? In what year did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Where did Chopin visit in 1838? What disease did Chopin die of? Where did Chopin settle at the age of 21? How many public performances did Chopin give in his last 18 years? Who did Chopin form a friendship with? In what year did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who did Chopin have a failed engagement to? How old was Chopin when he settled in Paris? How many public performances did Chopin give in his last 18 years? In what year did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who supported Chopin in his last years? In what year did Chopin obtain French citizenship? Who supported Chopin in his last years? What disease did Chopin die of? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? What concept did Chopin invent? Whose classical traditions influenced Chopin's compositions? What were Chopin's performances noted for? Where was Chopin a frequent guest? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? What concept did Chopin invent? What were Chopin's performances noted for? Whose classical traditions influenced Chopin's compositions? What language were Chopin's lyrics? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? What language were Chopin's lyrics? What were Chopin's performances noted for? Whose classical traditions influenced Chopin's compositions? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? What language were Chopin's lyrics? Where was Chopin a frequent guest? What type of association did Chopin have with political insurrection? What two things have made Chopin a leading symbol of the Romantic era? Chopin's public consciousness has made him a leading symbol of what era? What has Chopin been the subject of of varying degrees of historical accuracy? Where did Chopin compose most of his works? Where was Chopin from? Chopin's association with what has made him a leading symbol of the Romantic era? Chopin's public consciousness has made him a leading symbol of what era? Where did Chopin compose most of his works? Chopin's association with what has made him a leading symbol of the Romantic era? Chopin's public consciousness has made him a leading symbol of what era? Where was Chopin born? What was Chopin's birthday on the parish baptismal record? What was Chopin's birthdate in 1810? What is Chopin's Latin name? How many miles away from Warsaw was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? What was Chopin's birthday on the parish baptismal record? What was Chopin's birthdate in 1810? What is Chopin's Latin name? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? What was Chopin's birthday on the parish baptismal record? What was Chopin's birthdate in 1810? What is Chopin's Latin name? Where was Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? Who did Nicolas marry in 1806? When was Fryderyk baptized? What aristocracy did Nicolas tutor? Who was Fryderyk's father? Where was Nicolas Chopin from? Who did Nicolas marry in 1806? Who was Fryderyk's godfather? What was Fryderyk's elder sister's name? Who was Fryderyk's father? Where was Nicolas Chopin from? What was Fryderyk's elder sister's name? When was Fryderyk born? What language did Fryderyk's father teach at the Warsaw Lyceum? Where did Fryderyk live with his family? What instruments did Fryderyk's father play? What was Chopin's early childhood prone to? When was Fryderyk born? Where did Fryderyk's father teach French? What instruments did Fryderyk's father play? What instrument did Chopin's mother play? How long after Fryderyk's birth did the family move to Warsaw? What language did Fryderyk's father teach at the Warsaw Lyceum? What instruments did Fryderyk's father play? What instrument did Chopin's mother play? Where was Fryderyk's family housed? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? How old was Fryderyk when he composed two polonaises? How many polonaises did Fryderyk compose in 1817? What was Fryderyk's earliest surviving musical manuscript? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? How old was Fryderyk when he composed two polonaises? When did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? When did Wojciech ywny teach Fryderyk? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? How old was Fryderyk when he composed two polonaises? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? When was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? What is the Kazimierz Palace now the rectorate of? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Where did Fryderyk playmate to Grand Duke Constantine? What was the name of Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz's dramatic eclogue? When was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Who was the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? Where did Fryderyk playmate to Grand Duke Constantine? Who was the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? When did Chopin attend the Warsaw Lyceum? Who was the composer that Chopin studied at the Warsaw Conservatory? What mechanical organ was Chopin engaged by the inventors of? Who invited Chopin to give a recital on the eolomelodicon? When was Chopin's eolomelodicon concert? Who gave Chopin organ lessons? Who was the composer that Chopin studied at the Warsaw Conservatory? What mechanical organ was Chopin engaged by the inventors of? What did the Tsar give Chopin? What was the first of Chopin's works to be commercially published? Who gave Chopin organ lessons? Who was the composer that Chopin studied at the Warsaw Conservatory? What mechanical organ was Chopin engaged by the inventors of? What did the Tsar give Chopin? What was the first of Chopin's works to be commercially published? Who was the father of a schoolmate in Szafarnia? Where was Chopin a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski? Who did Chopin's letters amuse? What did Chopin's family spoof? Who was the father of a schoolmate in Szafarnia? What did Chopin encounter at Szafarnia? Who was the father of a schoolmate in Szafarnia? What was the name of Chopin's letters from Szafarnia? Where was Chopin a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski? When did Chopin's family move from the Warsaw University building to the Krasiski Palace? Where was the Krasiski Palace located? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What did the Chopin Family Parlour become in the 20th century? Who painted the first known portrait of Chopin? When did Chopin's family move from the Warsaw University building to the Krasiski Palace? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What did Chopin's parents run in the annex of the Krasiski Palace? Who painted the first known portrait of Chopin? Who was Chopin's youngest sister? When did Chopin leave Warsaw? What became a museum in the 20th century? Who painted the first known portrait of Chopin? What gender did Chopin's parents run their boarding house for? Who were the four boarders that became Chopin's intimates? Who was Chopin's singing student? Who were the four boarders that became Chopin's intimates? Who was Chopin's singing student? Which of Chopin's works was secretly dedicated to her? When was Chopin's final Conservatory report released? Who were the four boarders that became Chopin's intimates? Who was Chopin's singing student? Who was Chopin's boarder at his parents' apartments? Which of Chopin's works was secretly dedicated to her? How many boarders did Chopin have at his parents' apartments? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed Chopin's operas in 1828? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1829? What did Chopin compose for Prince Antoni Radziwi? When did Chopin visit Berlin? Who was Chopin's family friend? Who directed Chopin's operas in 1828? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1829? What did Chopin compose for Prince Antoni Radziwi? In what year did Chopin visit Berlin? Who was Chopin's family friend? What was the profession of Feliks Jarocki? Who directed Chopin's operas in 1828? When did Chopin return to Berlin? What was the name of Chopin's set of violin variations? When did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? How many piano concerts did Chopin give in Vienna? When did Chopin premiere his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor? What was the name of Chopin's set of violin variations? Where did Chopin make his debut? What did Chopin premiere on 17 March 1830? When did Chopin return to Warsaw? What did Chopin say he was too delicate for? Who played the violin in 1829? Where did Chopin make his debut? How many piano concerts did Chopin give in Vienna? How many weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? When did Chopin go to western Europe? Where did Chopin travel with Woyciechowski? In what year did the Uprising occur? Who attributed Chopin's maturing into an inspired national bard? Who attributed Chopin's maturing into an inspired national bard? Who returned to Poland to enlist? What country did Chopin intend to go to? What event broke out in Warsaw? What did Chopin's successes open the door to for him? Who returned to Poland to enlist? In what year did the Uprising occur? What did Chopin write to a friend? When did Chopin learn that the uprising had been crushed? What did Chopin become one of many expatriates of? In what language did Chopin use his given names in France? When did Chopin receive French citizenship? What did Chopin remain close to his fellow Poles in exile as? What was Chopin's nationality? When did Chopin arrive in Paris? What did Chopin become one of many expatriates of? When did Chopin receive French citizenship? Who is Chopin's biographer? Where did Chopin never return to after arriving in Paris? Where did Chopin use the French versions of his given names? In what language did Chopin use his given names in France? Who is Chopin's biographer? What did Chopin become one of many expatriates of? Where did Chopin meet artists and other distinguished figures? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? What did Adam Mickiewicz set some of Chopin's verses as? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? Who did Chopin become acquainted with during his time in Paris? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? Who was Adam Mickiewicz? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? What role did Albert Grzymaa play in Chopin's life? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? What nationality was Albert Grzymaa? Where did Julian Fontana initially try to establish himself? Where did Julian Fontana initially try to establish himself? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Where was Julian Fontana from? Who endorsed Chopin's work in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung? When did Chopin give his debut concert in Paris? What did Chopin realize was not optimal for large concert spaces? Who did Chopin no longer depend on financially? Who endorsed Chopin's work in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung? When did Chopin give his debut concert in Paris? Who was Chopin introduced to? When did Robert Schumann endorse Chopin? What did Chopin realize was not optimal for large concert spaces? What did Chopin begin to do in the winter of 1832? Where did Chopin prefer to play? What instrument did Chopin, Liszt and Hiller perform on? Where did Chopin give his only annual concert? What was the name of Liszt's composition? Who published Chopin's music in 1833? Who was Chopin's pupil? Where did Chopin play for small groups of friends? Who performed with Chopin on March 23, 1833? Who published Chopin's music in 1833? Who was the musical director of the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? What did Mendelssohn describe as a pleasant day for Chopin and Hiller? Who was the director of the Academy of Art? Where did Chopin spend time with his parents? Where did Chopin meet Mendelssohn? Who did Chopin attend the Lower Rhenish Music Festival with in Aix-la-Chapelle? Where did Chopin spend time with his parents? When did Chopin travel to Marienbad and Dresden? Who was Maria's mother? Who was the musical director of the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where was Mendelssohn appointed musical director? What was Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow's job title? Who was the daughter of the Wodziskis? Who was Chopin's friend in 1831? Who was Chopin curious about? Who did Chopin first meet? When did Chopin make his Parisian debut? Who was Chopin's friend in 1831? Where did Chopin make his Parisian debut? Where did Chopin live in Paris? How far away was the Hôtel de France from Liszt? How many times did he and Liszt perform together? Who was Berlioz's wife? Where was the last concert that the two composers performed together held? What was the date of the first joint performance between Chopin and Liszt? What was the charity concert that the two of them performed for in 1841? Where was the last concert that the two composers performed together held? Where did Liszt live? How many times did he and Liszt perform together? Who was Berlioz's wife? What type of relationship did Chopin and Liszt have? What did Chopin become enchanted with Liszt? What did Chopin have to do when Liszt performed one of his nocturnes? What did Chopin call Liszt in his letters from 1848? What was the name of Chopin's Op. 10 Études? Who was Liszt's mistress? Whose virtuosity did Harold C. Schonberg believe Chopin displayed a tinge of jealousy and spite towards? Whose virtuosity did Harold C. Schonberg believe Chopin displayed a tinge of jealousy and spite towards? Who was Liszt's mistress? Who did Chopin write to to rob him of his studies? Who did Chopin believe was in a relationship with Liszt? Who hosted Chopin's party in 1836? What did Chopin write in a package from Maria and her mother? Who did George Sand write to in June 1838? Who did Chopin meet at a party hosted by Marie d'Agoult? Why did Maria Wodziska not want to marry Chopin? What did Chopin write in a package from Maria and her mother? Who hosted Chopin's party in 1836? When did Maria Wodziska's mother make it clear that a marriage with her daughter was unlikely to proceed? What did Chopin write in a package from Maria and her mother? Who did George Sand write to in June 1838? Where did Chopin visit incognito? What happened to Chopin when he returned to Paris? How old was Sand when he became lovers with Chopin? What type of winter did Chopin and Sand spend on Majorca? Where was the Carthusian monastery located? Who was the piano manufacturer that Chopin visited in London incognito? What was the profession of James Broadwood? How old was Sand when he became lovers with Chopin? Who was Chopin's former lover? Where did the Chopins stay in Majorca? When did Chopin and Sand become lovers? Where did Chopin and Sand spend their winter? Who was with Chopin when he visited Majorca? Who was Chopin's former lover? Where did the Chopins stay in Majorca? How many doctors visited Chopin on December 3, 1839? What instrument did Chopin have problems getting sent to him? How did Chopin's piano arrive from Paris? How many doctors visited Chopin? When did Chopin complain about his doctors in Majorca? What did Chopin complain about on December 3, 1839? What did Chopin have problems getting sent to him? When did Chopin complain about his doctors in Majorca? What piano did Chopin have problems getting sent to him? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? Who sold Chopin's piano to avoid customs duties? Where did the Canuts stay after Chopin's death? Where was Sand's estate located? Where did Chopin and Sand live in 1842? Who sold the piano to Chopin? Where did the Canuts stay after Chopin's death? Where was Sand's estate located? Where was Chopin's apartment? Where did Chopin and Sand live in 1842? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? Who sold the piano to Chopin? Where did the Canuts stay after Chopin's death? Where did Chopin and Sand live in 1842? Where was Sand's estate located? What was Chopin and Sand present at the dress rehearsal of? What year was the Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale composed? Whose funeral did Chopin play a transcription of Franz Schubert's Die Gestirne? What instrument did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? What did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? Whose funeral did Chopin play a transcription of Franz Schubert's Die Gestirne? What did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? What was Chopin and Sand present at the dress rehearsal of? What was the Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale composed to commemorate? What was one of Chopin's works that he composed during the summers at Nohant? Who was Chopin's mezzo-soprano? When did Delacroix give an account of staying at Nohant? What did Chopin advise Pauline Viardot on? Who were two of Chopin's visitors to Nohant? What did Pauline Viardot advise Chopin on? Who was one of Chopin's visitors to Nohant? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? Who did Chopin write about his illness? What did Chopin decline an invitation to perform on March 1, 1843? What instrument did Chopin begin to play in 1844? What was Chopin thought to have suffered from? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? What piece of music did Chopin decline to perform at Erard's? What was Chopin thought to have suffered from? When did Chopin show signs of serious illness? What parts of his body were aching in 1842? Who invited Chopin to perform at Erard's? Who visited Chopin in 1844 and found him bent like a half-opened penknife? What did modern research suggest Chopin may have suffered from? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was Sand indifferent to? What did Sand call Chopin? What was the name of Sand's 1847 novel? When did Sand publish her novel Lucrezia Floriani? When was Chopin's relationship with Sand soured? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was the name of Sand's 1847 novel? Who was Solange's fiancé? What did Sand become to Chopin as a result of the composer's illness? What was the name of Sand's 1847 novel? When did Sand publish her novel Lucrezia Floriani? What was the only piece Chopin wrote in 1844? How did Chopin's mazurkas compare to his earlier works? How many works did Chopin write in 1841? How many shorter pieces did Chopin write in 1843? What was the only piece Chopin wrote in 1844? How many shorter pieces did Chopin write in 1843? How many shorter pieces did Chopin write in 1843? How many mazurkas did Chopin complete in 1845? When did Chopin give his last Paris concert? Who was Chopin's cellist? When did Chopin give his last Paris concert? Who was Chopin's cellist? What did Chopin's waning popularity cause him to do? Who was Chopin's cellist? What instrument did Chopin play in his last concert in Paris? Who produced the documentary Chopin - The Women Behind The Music? Who made the documentary Chopin - The Women Behind The Music? What was the name of the BBC documentary that covered Chopin's life? Who produced the documentary Chopin - The Women Behind The Music? What BBC documentary covered Chopin's life? Who made the documentary Chopin - The Women Behind The Music? Who made the documentary Chopin - The Women Behind The Music? What 1945 biographical film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination for his portrayal of Chopin? Who was nominated for an Academy Award for his portrayal of Chopin in the 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember? When was La valse de l'adieu made? Who starred in the 1991 film Impromptu? Who did Chopin have a relationship with in 'A Song to Remember'? What 1945 biographical film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination for his portrayal of Chopin? Who was nominated for an Academy Award for his portrayal of Chopin in the 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember? Who played Chopin in La valse de l'adieu? Who starred in the 1991 film Impromptu? When was Chopin produced? Where was Chopin produced? Who wrote Chopin? Whose life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events? What was the first fictional treatment of Chopin's life? Who wrote Chopin? When was Chopin produced? Where was Chopin produced? Who wrote a sonnet on Chopin in 1830? Who are two French writers on Chopin? What did Leon Ulrich write about Chopin in 1830? What was the earliest manifestation of Chopin? When did Leon Ulrich write a sonnet on Chopin? In what language are numerous biographies of Chopin written? How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin held? What event does the Warsaw Chopin Society hold every five years? Which newspaper recommended Chopin's performances? What organization holds the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin? How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin held? Which newspaper recommended Chopin's performances? When was the earliest recording of Chopin's works made? What was the earliest recording of Chopin's works? Who recorded the earliest recording of Chopin's works? Who recorded the earliest recordings of Chopin's works? When was the earliest recording of Chopin's works made? Who wrote a discography of Chopin's works? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How often is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How many performances of Chopin's works are on youtube? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? What is the name of the organization that lists Chopin's societies? How many performances of Chopin's works are on youtube? What 1909 ballet used Chopin's music? Who choreographed the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? What was the title of the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? Who orchestrated the ballet Chopiniana? In what year was Chopin's music used in the ballet Chopiniana? What 1909 ballet used Chopin's music? Who choreographed the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? Who orchestrated the ballet Chopiniana? What was the title of the 1909 ballet Chopiniana? Where did he go after the Revolution of 1848? Who suggested that he go to London? Where did he go after the Revolution of 1848? Who suggested that he go to London? Who suggested that he go to London? What event occurred in Paris in 1848? What nationality was Napoleon's pupil Jane Stirling? Where did Chopin stay in London? Who provided Chopin with a grand piano? Where was Chopin's first engagement? Who attended Chopin's first engagement? On what date did Chopin share a platform with Viardot? Where did Chopin stay in London? What did the firm of Broadwood provide Chopin? Who attended Chopin's first engagement? What was Chopin sought after for? Who sang mazurkas to Spanish texts at Chopin's first concert? What country was Chopin invited to visit in late summer? Who was Chopin's physician? What country was Chopin invited to visit in late summer? Where did Chopin give a public concert? What did Chopin write to Grzymaa in 1848? When did Chopin make his last public appearance? Where was Chopin's last public appearance? Who did Chopin play for at the Guildhall? What stage of his sickness was Chopin aware of? Where did Chopin make his last public appearance? Whose singing did Chopin occasionally accompany? Where was Chopin's apartment located? Who subsidised Chopin's rent in Chaillot? When did Chopin return to Paris? Whose singing did Chopin occasionally accompany? Where was Chopin's apartment located? Who secretly subsidised Chopin's rent? When was Chopin visited by Jenny Lind? When did Chopin's sister come to Paris? Where did Chopin find an apartment? Who came to Paris with Chopin's husband and daughter? Who did Ludwika bring with her to Paris? Who loaned Chopin an apartment? What did the grand Parisian ladies consider to be de rigueur? Why did Chopin request that his body be opened after death? What did Chopin say when he was asked if he was suffering greatly? Who made Chopin's death mask? Why did Chopin request that his body be opened after death? What did Solange's husband make Chopin's death mask? What did Chopin's death certificate say was the cause of his death? Who was Chopin's physician? What could put the attribution of tuberculosis to the cause of Chopin's death to rest? What did Chopin's death certificate say was the cause of his death? Who was Chopin's physician? What is a possible cause of Chopin's death? Who denied DNA testing? Where was the funeral of Queen Victoria held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people were excluded from the funeral? Where was the funeral of Queen Victoria held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people were excluded from the funeral? What was sung at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral of Chopin? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? What was played at the graveside? What was sung at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral of Chopin? Where was Chopin's sister Ludwika buried? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? What was played at the graveside? Who designed and sculpted Chopin's tombstone? Who was Chopin's muse of music? How much did Clésinger pay for Chopin's funeral? Who covered the expenses of Chopin's funeral? What was the urn of Chopin's heart preserved in? Who designed and sculpted Chopin's tombstone? How much did Clésinger pay for Chopin's funeral? Who covered the expenses of Chopin's funeral? Who did Jane Stirling pay for the return of Chopin's heart to Poland? Who destroyed Chopin's letters? How many Chopin works survive? Chopin's known works involve what instrument? How many Chopin works survive? Along with concertos and songs, what type of music is Chopin known for? Chopin was educated in the tradition of Beethoven, Haydn, Mozart, and what other composer? Chopin was educated in the tradition of Beethoven, Haydn, Mozart, and what other composer? Who were Chopin's two most important composers? Along with Beethoven, Mozart, and Clementi, who was a notable composer of Chopin's era? Who invented the nocturne? What did Chopin write as individual concert pieces? What was the name of the salon genre Chopin created by the Irish composer John Field? What did Chopin write as individual concert pieces? What concept did Chopin exploit the poetic potential of? Who developed the concept of the concert étude in the 1820s and 1830s? How many polonaises were published in Chopin's lifetime? How many polonaises were published posthumously? What were Chopin's waltzes written for the salon recital rather than the ballroom? What were Chopin's waltzes often written for? What did Chopin endow popular dance forms with? Where were Chopin's mazurkas written? What did Chopin put on the European musical map? How many polonaises were published posthumously? What were written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom? What is the name of Chopin's Op. 10, No. 12? What is Chopin's third movement of his Sonata No. 2 called? What is the third movement of Chopin's Funeral March? How many times did Chopin give a title to his Sonata No. 2? What is the name of Chopin's Op. 10, No. 12? What is the name of Chopin's Funeral March? What was the last opus number Chopin used? Who was Chopin's musical executor? How many unpublished piano pieces did Julian Fontana select? How many Polish songs did Chopin write at various stages of his life? What was the last opus number Chopin used? Who was Chopin's musical executor? When was Op. 74 published? Who was the compiler of the Kobylaska Catalogue? Since what year have Chopin's works received alternative catalogue designations? What have works published since 1857 received instead of opus numbers? What is the standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? What is the standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? Who was the compiler of the Kobylaska Catalogue? Who published the first collected edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the Polish National Edition of Chopin's works? Who were Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel? Where did Chopin's works appear? What was the name of the scholarly edition of Chopin's works published between 1937 and 1966? Who edited the Polish National Edition of Chopin's works? What stands at the center of Chopin's creative processes? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? What stands at the center of Chopin's creative processes? Who wrote that improvisation is designed for an audience? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? What is an example of Chopin's rich harmonic palette coupled with an Italianate warmth of melody? What works were intended for concert use by Chopin? What form is the Barcarolle Op. 60 based on? What do Chopin's mazurkas show more of than many of his other works? How are Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes written? Along with waltzes, what Chopin works are in episodic form? What type of bass did Chopin use in his mazurkas? What is a great rarity in music? How long are Chopin's works in? Along with Zywny, who was Chopin's teacher? What type of rhythm do Chopin's works typically display? What kind of playing technique does Chopin's polonaises require? How many Chopin nocturnes are there? What do many Chopin nocturnes have middle sections marked by? Who did Chopin meet in 1833? When did Chopin meet Field? What are the 21 Chopin nocturnes called? What is largely in straightforward ternary form? What type of form did Chopin use to teach his own technique of piano playing? What is largely in straightforward ternary form? What song inspired Chopin's preludes? Who suggests that Chopin's preludes were used as generic preludes? What were described by Schumann as the beginnings of studies? What was Chopin's prelude inspired by? What were Chopin's preludes used for? Who recorded Chopin's Prelude Op. 28 No. 7? How many movements are in the two mature piano sonatas? Who called the Op. 58 sonata "worthy of Brahms"? How many movements are in the two mature piano sonatas? What was found shocking and unmusical by contemporaries? Which of Chopin's sonatas was written in 1844? Chord progressions sometimes anticipate the shifting tonality of who? What may have arisen partly from Chopin's keyboard improvisation technique? Who said thatnovel harmonic effects often result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures of accompaniment? What was Chopin's style based on? Who wrote of Chopin's recital in 1841? What did Chopin write about his independent finger technique? Who was Chopin's "one worthy successor"? Edvard Grieg was influenced by Chopin's use of what? Who was Alexander Scriabin's teacher? Who was Chopin's "one worthy successor"? Who was devoted to the music of Chopin? Who was Alexander Scriabin's teacher? Who wrote that modern concert performance style militates against Chopin's more intimate performance technique? What did Chopin avoid in his performance? What is an example of a rigid procedure Chopin avoided? What did Chopin say a pupil had to give up? Who wrote that Chopin created a kind of chromatic embroidery? Who wrote that Chopin's hands became a colourful wreath of flowers? What is the practice of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect called? What is rubato? What is the practice of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect called? Where are most of Chopin's written indications of rubato found? Who was a pupil of Chopin? Who was a pupil of Chopin? What did Friederike Müller demand the strictest adherence to? What did Chopin introduce to music with his mazurkas and polonaises? In what year did Schumann write a review of Chopin's piano concertos? What country did Schumann highlight Chopin's strong feelings for? What event caused the Poles to be in deep mourning? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? Along with mazurkas, what is Chopin credited with introducing a new sense of nationalism? Who wrote a review of Chopin's piano concertos in 1836? What are Chopin's works cannon buried in? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? Who suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music? Who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms? Who impugns Schumann's attitude toward his works as patronizing? How did William Atwood view Chopin's music? What did some Poles find traditional musical forms a source of strength in their struggle for? Where were the Poles scattered? What did Arthur Hutchings say Chopin's lack of? Who were some of Chopin's romantic contemporaries? Where did Chopin arrive in 1831? Who said that Chopin's lack of Byronic flamboyance and his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional? What suite did Schumann name a piece for Chopin? What did Chopin dedicate to Schumann? How many of Chopin's Polish songs did Liszt transcribe for piano? Who was deeply affected by Chopin's death? What qualities were recognized by many of Chopin's fellow musicians? What suite did Schumann name a piece for Chopin? What did Chopin dedicate to Schumann? Who transcribed six of Chopin's Polish songs? Who dedicated his 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin? Who did Debussy edit Chopin's piano music for? Who made recordings of Chopin's music? Whose long-standing pupils were Karol Mikuli and Georges Mathias? Who asserts that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet? What was the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship noted for? When was the Yongle Emperor's reign? Who was the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school? What school did Deshin Shekpa belong to? What country did Tibetan leaders conduct their own foreign diplomacy with during the Ming dynasty? What did the Tibetans use against the Ming? Who were successful armed protectors of the Gelug Dalai Lama? What regime was established by the 5th Dalai Lama? When did the Mongol-Tibetan alliance begin? When did the Tibetan Empire collapse? Who signed peace treaties with the Tang? What did the treaty between Tibet and China fix? Who was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang China? When was the treaty between Tibet and China signed? When was the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period? When was the Song dynasty? What dynasty ruled Tibet from 960 to1279? Who ruled the Liao dynasty? Who ruled the Jin dynasty? Who was the Mongol ruler in 1207? Who launched an invasion into Tibet after Genghis Khan's death? When was gedei Khan's reign? Who launched an invasion into Tibet after Genghis Khan's death? What Mongol prince raided as far as Lhasa? Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism? Who was the regency that Tibet was incorporated into the Mongol Empire? When did Töregene Khatun rule? How many states were in Tibet? What was the name of the Mongol prince Kublai? Who was Kublai's superior? Who was the 2nd Karmapa Lama? Who did Kublai institute a unique relationship with? When did Kublai Khan conquer the Song dynasty in South China? When was the Yuan dynasty in power? What empire combined Tibet with the whole of China? What did Kublai Khan claim when he conquered the Song dynasty in South China? What country did Kublai Khan conquer in 1279? When was the Sakya viceregal regime overthrown by the Phagmodru myriarch? Who installed the Sakya viceregal regime? Who overthrew the Sakya viceregal regime in 1358? What was the name of the dynasty that succeeded Changchub Gyaltsen? Who established the Ming dynasty? What was the name of the Han Chinese revolt that toppled the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China? Who established the Ming dynasty? When did the Hongwu Emperor rule? Who did the Hongwu Emperor ask to renew their titles for the new Ming court? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? Who was the 4th Karmapa Lama? What was the Hongwu Emperor well aware of? What did Rolpe Dorje send as envoys to the court in Nanjing? Who enacted a law that forbade Han Chinese to learn the tenets of Tibetan Buddhism? When was the Yongle Emperor's reign? Who was the first Ming ruler to seek an extension of relations with Tibet? When was the Qing dynasty in power? When was the History of Ming compiled? What office did the Ming dynasty establish in western Tibet? How many Chiliarchies were in command of 1,000 households? Where was the É-L-S Army-Civilian Marshal Office located? How many Princes of Dharma were appointed by the Ming court? Who was the Phagmodru ruler? Who was the Phagmodru ruler? Who argued that the credibility of the heavily censored History of Ming as a credible source on Sino-Tibetan relations is questionable? What country did the History of Ming focus on? Who wrote that Tibet had few diplomatic relations with the Ming? Who supports van Praag's position? Who state that van Praag and Shakabpa's assertions are "fallacies"? Who argue that the Ming emperor sent edicts to Tibet twice in the second year of the Ming dynasty? When did Punala go to Nanjing to pay tribute and show his allegiance to the Ming court? What did lamas call themselves? What did the Ming dynasty issue to invite ex-Yuan officials to the court? Who wrote The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama? Who colonized India and New Zealand? What do Wang and Nyima present in their Historical Status of China's Tibet? What does the Columbia Encyclopedia describe the Yuan dynasty as? What does the Encyclopedia Americana describe the Yuan dynasty as? What did Tibetologist Thomas Laird dismiss the Yuan dynasty as? Who wrote Kublai Khan: His Life and Times? When did the Yuan dynasty rule? When was Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan's reign? What type of market existed between China and Tibet during the Yuan? Who did the ethno-geographic caste hierarchy favor? Who implemented a policy of managing Tibet according to conventions and customs? What position did Choskunskyabs hold? Who governed most areas of Tibet? Where is the China Tibetology Research Center located? Who is a Professor of History and Director of the China Tibetology Research Center in Beijing? How many households was Qianhu in charge of? How many households was Wanhu in charge of? Who is a Tibetologist? Who did the Ming emperors send invitations to? Who did the Ming emperors send instead of coming themselves? What are the "Dependent States" composed of? Who did the Han Chinese government confer seals and cords to? What was Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen's official title? What Tibetan title is rarely mentioned? What dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? Who state that the official title "Education Minister" appeared frequently with Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen's name in Tibetan texts? Who wrote in his will that "In the past I received loving care from the emperor in the east"? Who was the first leader of the Tibetan Empire to establish Tibet as a strong power? Who asserts that Changchub Gyaltsen's aims were to "restore to Tibet the glories of its Imperial Age"? Where is Lok-Ham Chan a professor of history? What did Changchub Gyaltsen want to remove? Who did the Hongwu Emperor give the title of "Initiation State Master" to? Who told the Hongwu Emperor that Dbus and Gtsang were under control? Who was the second Phagmodru ruler? Who told the Hongwu Emperor that Dbus and Gtsang were under control? Where did Sagya Gyaincain send his envoys? Who lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? When did the 5th Dalai Lama establish effective hegemony over Tibet? What did other families fail to establish after the Phagmodrupa lost its centralizing power over Tibet? What school did the Ming dynasty grant titles to? Whose invitations did the Karmapa Kargyu decline? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come to the Ming court to pay tribute? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? When was the first request by the Ming made? When did the Ming send another embassy to Nanjing? Who did Tsongkhapa send to Nanjing in 1414? When did Tsongkhapa send his disciple to Nanjing? Who argues that modern Chinese Communist historians tend to be in favor of the view that the Ming reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet? Who did the Ming appoint titles to? What did the Ming not send to replace the Mongols after they left Tibet? What territory did the Ming not possess? Who did the Yongle Emperor send into Tibet to gain the allegiance of various Tibetan princes? Where did the Yongle Emperor send his eunuch Yang Sanbao? When did the Yongle Emperor send his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet? What was the purpose of the Yongle Emperor sending his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor pay a small fortune in return for tributes? Who did the Gelug send missions to? When did the Gelug send missions to the Ming court? Where was the Gelug not mentioned? Who did the Ming court grant titles to regardless of their sectarian affiliations? Who overthrew the Sakya regime? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When did the Rinpungpa rule? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When did the Tsangpa rule? When was the Jianwen Emperor's reign? Who aided the Yongle Emperor in his usurpation of the throne? Who was the father of the Yongle Emperor? When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court? Who did the Yongle Emperor send to Tibet to seek out the Karmapa? Why did the Yongle Emperor send his eunuch Hou Xian to Tibet? When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing? How did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang travel to Lhasa? When did Deshin Shekpa begin his travels? Where did Deshin Shekpa visit in 1407? Who did the Yongle Emperor greet at the palace in Nanjing? Who would sit on a higher throne than the Sakya Phagpa lama? Who showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa? Where did Deshin Shekpa preside over religious ceremonies for the Yongle Emperor's deceased parents? Where was the Linggu Temple located? What title was Deshin Shekpa given by the Yongle Emperor? Who did Deshin Shekpa convince the Yongle Emperor to grant the title of Great Treasure Prince of Dharma? Who had previously imposed military power on Tibet? Hok-Lam Chan states that Deshin Skekpa was invited strictly for what purpose? What did the Yongle Emperor plan to do before the Karmapa returned to Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor plan to send a military force into Tibet? Who persuaded the Yongle Emperor not to impose military power on Tibet? Who did Marsha Weidner refer to as "a legitimizing tool for the emperor's problematic succession to the throne?" Whose miracles did Marsha Weidner say aided the emperor's problematic succession to the throne? What did Marsha Weidner say testified to the power of both the emperor and his guru? Who has failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship? What were the items of tribute to the Emperor of China considered to be? Who wrote that the Ming dynasty did not exercise any direct political control over Tibet? When was the reign of the Zhengtong Emperor? Who preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor? Who was the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma? Who was the Karmapa? When was the edict written? Who did the Ming court cut off all relations with in 1446? When did the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa? When did Deshin Shekpa die? Who did the Ming court cut off all relations with in 1446? Why did the Yongle Emperor build a road and trading posts in the upper reaches of the Yangzi and Mekong Rivers? What did the Yongle Emperor want to facilitate trade with Tibet? How did the trade route pass through Tibet? Why did the Ming establish diplomatic delegations with Tibet? What type of workshops did the Ming create for the Tibetan market? What type of iconography was featured in the furnishings of the Ming silk workshops? Who established diplomatic delegations with Tibet? How were horses collected from Tibet by the Ming? Who did the Ming dynasty trade horses with? Who persuaded the Ming to reopen their border markets in 1573? What did the Tümed Mongols overthrow over the steppes? Who traded horses with Tibet? Who persuaded the Ming to reopen their border markets in 1573? When did the Hongwu Emperor use military force to quell unrest in Tibet? When was the Marquis Mu Ying commissioned to quell unrest in Tibet and western Sichuan? How many Tibetan prisoners did Mu Ying allegedly capture? How many domesticated animals did Mu Ying allegedly capture? Who was ordered to repel a Tibetan assault into Sichuan in 1390? What did the mid Ming dynasty focus on? Who used the Ordos region as a rallying base to stage raids into Ming China? Where did the Mongols raid the Ordos region? What did Klieger say the patronage of high Tibetan lamas was designed for? What policy did the Ming uphold towards a weak and politically fragmented Tibet? When did the Ming uphold a "divide-and-rule" policy towards a weak and politically fragmented Tibet? Who did the Yongle Emperor fail to build a strong relationship with? Who did the Yongle Emperor give patronage to? Who were the Rinpungpa leaders relatives of? When did the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa? What did the prince of Rinbung exclude the Gelug from attending? When did the secular Phagmodru ruler capture Lhasa from the Rinbung? When did the Zhengde Emperor rule? What did the Zhengde Emperor enjoy at court? Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama that the Zhengde Emperor wanted to host in Beijing? Who were of the view that Tibet was not annexed by China? Who had no control over Tibet? When did Tibet become part of China? When did the Manchu Qing dynasty invade Tibet? During what dynasty did Tibet become an organic part of China? What was Tibet subject to during the Qing dynasty? Who upheld a mutual role of religious prelate and secular patron? Who assumed the former imperial tributaries and subject states as integral parts of the Chinese nation-state? Where is Klieger from? Who installed the Sakya regime? What relationship did the Sakya regime establish between Tibetans and Mongol converts to Tibetan Buddhism? When was Tibet incorporated into the territory of the Yuan dynasty's China? Who inherited the right to rule Tibet? When was China Daily founded? Who inherited the right to rule Tibet from the Yuan dynasty? Who has jurisdiction over Tibet? When was the Jiajing Emperor's reign? What ideology was fully sponsored at the Ming court? Who discontinued their trips to Ming China? Who was determined to break the eunuch influence at court? Who was determined to break the eunuch influence at court? Whose death and ascension caused the Neo-Confucian establishment to shift in favor of the Neo-Confucian establishment? What group did the politics at court shift in favor of after the death of Zhengde and the ascension of Jiajing? What did the Neo-Confucian establishment reject? What did the Neo-Confucian establishment have an animosity towards? Whose death and ascension caused the Neo-Confucian establishment to shift in favor of the Neo-Confucian establishment? Where did the Tumed Mongols move into? Where did the Tumed Mongols raid? What frontier did the Tumed Mongols raid? When did Altan Khan make peace with the Ming dynasty? Who did Altan Khan invite to meet him in 1578? What did Altan Khan abolish? Who were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism? What did the Mongols face if they converted to Gelug Buddhism? Who did the Mongol princes request to bestow titles on them? Why did Mongol princes begin requesting the Dalai Lama to bestow titles on them? Who was the nominal superior of Altan Khan? Who was the 4th Dalai Lama? Who was the first to wield effective political control over Tibet? When was the 5th Dalai Lama made the fourth Dalai Lama? Who departed for Tibet after being granted the grandiose title by Altan Khan? Who granted the title of Sonam Gyatso? Who did Sonam Gyatso send a letter and gifts to? Who did Sonam Gyatso send a letter and gifts to? Where did Sonam Gyatso die? Who was granted the title of Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama in 1587? What did the Ming dynasty allow the third Dalai Lama to do? What title was Sonam Gyatso granted in 1587? Who did the Qing emperor grant an honorific title to in 1653? Who did the Qing emperor grant an honorific title to in 1713? What title was Yonten Gyatso granted? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? When was Yonten Gyatso granted the title of Master of Vajradhara? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? What happened to Yonten Gyatso before he was able to travel to Beijing? Who pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? What did the Mongols want to reclaim? When did a Mongol leader conquer Tibet? Whose lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? In what year did Karma Tseten overthrow the Rinbung princes? Who was the second successor of the first Tsang king? When did Karma Phuntsok Namgyal rule? Who did the Ü-Tsang king ally with? Who refused to give an audience to the Ü-Tsang king? Who was the leader of the Oirat Mongols? What role did Güshi Khan accept? Who did Güshi Khan threaten to destroy? In what region did the Gelugpas live? When did the Ü-Tsang forces surrender? Who did Güshi Khan organize a welcoming ceremony for? What did Güshi Khan present as a gift to the Dalai Lama? Who did Güshi Khan present his conquest of Tibet as a gift to? Who did Güshi Khan confer the governing authority to? Who organized a welcoming ceremony for Lozang Gyatso? Who defeated the Chinese Ming dynasty in 1644? Who accepted a Manchu invitation to send envoys to Mukden? Who was the Emperor of the subsequent Qing dynasty? Who attempted to spread their territory from Xinjiang into Tibet? Who occupied Lhasa in 1720? When did Kangxi occupy Lhasa? When was a protectorate and permanent Qing dynasty garrison established in Tibet? When was the Qianlong Emperor's reign? Who designed and marketed the iPod? When was the first iPod released? How many current versions of the iPod are there? What is the iPod? What type of iPod Touch does Apple offer? When was the first iPod released? Who designed and marketed the iPod? How many months after iTunes was released was the first iPod released? What is the name of the ultra-compact iPod? When were the most recent iPod redesigns announced? What can iPods serve as external? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What iPod model has a storage capacity of 2 GB? What iPod model has a storage capacity of 128 GB? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity of the iPod Touch? What is the name of Apple's software that can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? What operating systems are used to support iTunes? What is the name of Apple's software that can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars? What was the name of the media player included with the iPh? The iPod branding was used for the media player included with the iPad and what other device? Before what release was the iPod branding used for the media player included with the iPhone and iPad? When did iPhone sales overtake those of the iPod? What apps are standardized across all iOS powered products? What processor did the sixth generation iPod Touch have? What generation of the iPod Touch has a higher-quality screen? What generation of the iPod Touch has a higher-quality screen? In what year was the sixth generation iPod Touch announced? What processor did the sixth generation iPod Touch have? How many different colors were available for the sixth generation iPod Touch? When was the iPod released? When did sales of the iPod stop being slow? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? What was the aesthetic of the iPod inspired by? How big was the hard drive in the Walkman of the twenty-first century? When was the iPod released? How big was the hard drive in the Walkman of the twenty-first century? What was the name of the iPod product? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? What company's disk drive was discovered by an Apple supplier in Japan? What company did Apple contract to design and implement the user interface under the direct supervision of Steve Jobs? What font was replaced with Espy Sans on the iPod Mini? In what year was the sixth-generation iPod Classic introduced? What font did Apple change the interface to with the sixth-generation iPod Classic? Who was Pixo's direct supervision? What was the name of Apple's reference platform? What font did Apple change the interface to with the sixth-generation iPod Classic? In what year was the special edition of U2 released? What Irish rock band did Apple present a special edition for iPod 5G in 2006? What color did Apple change the metal color of the U2 iPod? What was included in the special edition of U2's iPod? What Irish rock band did Apple present a special edition for iPod 5G in 2006? What color did Apple change the metal color of the U2 iPod? In what year was the special edition of U2 released? What patent holding company sued Apple in 2007? Who was the inventor of the IXI? Where did Kane Kramer apply for a patent for his "plastic music box"? When did Kane Kramer apply for a UK patent for his design of a "plastic music box"? What was the name of Kane Kramer's music box? What patent holding company sued Apple in 2007? What was the name of Kane Kramer's music box? Who was the inventor of the IXI? Who proposed the name iPod? What was Vinnie Chieco's occupation? What movie did Chieco think of as a possible name for the iPod? Who assigned the trademark to Apple in 2005? When did Grasso assign the iPod trademark to Apple Computer, Inc.? What movie did Chieco think of as a possible name for the iPod? Who proposed the name iPod? Who assigned the trademark to Apple in 2005? When were new color schemes for all of the current iPod models spotted in the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos? What is the latest version of iTunes? What is the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos? What did the third-generation iPod have? What type of headphones reduces the problem of low bass response? What is an example of a high-impedance load? What did the third-generation iPod have a weak response to? What caused the third-generation iPod to have a weak bass response? EQ settings like R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Booster would distort what sound? What are some EQ settings? What is the term for distortion on bass instruments? When were all iPods released? What are some EQ settings? Why did Apple introduce a user-configurable volume limit on the fifth-generation iPod? In what markets is the maximum volume limit for the sixth-generation iPod limited to 100 dB? What is the maximum volume output limit for the sixth-generation iPod? In what country did Apple have to remove iPods from shelves for exceeding the 100 dB volume limit? What is the maximum volume output limit for the sixth-generation iPod? In what country did Apple have to remove iPods from shelves for exceeding the 100 dB volume limit? What connection was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What was included with the first four generations? What connection was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What generation of iPod included a 30-pin dock connector? What did the third generation of iPods include that allowed for FireWire or USB connectivity? What generation of iPod Classic did Apple discontinue using FireWire for data transfer? What was the fourth generation iPod Shuffle? What type of phone connector does the second, third, and fourth-generation iPod Shuffle use? What generation of iPod included a 30-pin dock connector? What iPod uses a single 3.5 mm minijack phone connector? What did the 30-pin dock connector allow for? Along with FireWire, what type of connectivity did the third generation iPod allow for? What is the name of the accessory that Apple sells? Who manufactures accessories for the iPod? What allowed the iPod to connect to accessories? What does Apple have to do to implement the dock connector? Belkin and Griffin are some of Apple's accessories manufactured by what? What is the name of the accessory that Apple sells? What was the name of the new 8-pin dock connector introduced by Apple? What is the name of the seventh generation iPod Nano? How many pins were used by older iPods, iPhones, and iPads? How many pins does the new Lightning connector have? What sides of the plug do Apple Lightning cables have pins on? What was the name of the new 8-pin dock connector introduced by Apple? What generation of iPod Touch features the new 8-pin dock connector? What is an example of an accessory made by Apple? What unique feature does the iPod Camera Connector have? Who were the first accessory manufacturers for the iPod? What type of connection does the iPod have audio/visual cables for? What company made the +iPod pedometer? Who makes the iPod Hi-Fi? Who released the first iPod automobile interface? When did Apple announce that similar systems would be available for other vehicle brands? Which car has standard iPod connectivity? Who released the first iPod automobile interface? Which car has standard iPod connectivity? Which independent stereo manufacturers have iPod-specific integration solutions? What type of transmitter is the iTrip? What is an alternative connection method for iPods? What is the iTrip? What is an alternative connection method for iPods? Which airlines agreed to install iPod seat connections? What will passengers be able to view video and music libraries on? Which airlines agreed to install iPod seat connections? Which airlines agreed to install iPod seat connections? When did four major airlines reach agreements to install iPod seat connections? What is the name of the audio file format that the iPod line can play? What introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG image file formats? What audio format does Apple not support? What does DRM stand for? What operating system did iPod software originally only work with? What are some audio file formats that the iPod line can play? What introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG image file formats? How many host computers are associated with an iPod during installation? Song ratings can be set on an iPod and synchronized later to what? What is an iPod associated with during installation? How many buttons do all iPods have? What do later generations of iPods have the buttons integrated into? What does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have a small control on? What type of screen does the iPod Touch have? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch similar to? How many buttons do all iPods have? What is the name of the 3rd-generation iPod? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch similar to? When was the iTunes Store introduced? What is the name of the online media store run by Apple? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the iTunes Store? When did full-length movies become available through the iTunes Store? When was the iTunes Store launched? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the iTunes Store? When did full-length movies become available through the iTunes Store? What format did purchased audio files use at the time the store was introduced? How many authorized computers could play the files? What category did EMI begin selling DRM-free, higher-quality songs on the iTunes Stores? When did Apple announce that DRM had been removed from 80% of the music catalog? When did Apple announce that DRM would be removed from all music? What format did purchased audio files use at the time the store was introduced? What DRM system did EMI use? What category did EMI begin selling DRM-free, higher-quality songs on the iTunes Stores? In what year did Apple announce that DRM had been removed from 80% of the music catalog? What are two examples of competing music stores? What can't play music files from competing music stores that use rival-DRM technologies? What technology does Microsoft's protected WMA and RealNetworks' Helix DRM use? Who decided not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? Universal decided not to renew their contract with what store on July 3, 2007? What year did Universal decide not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What was the name of Apple's Media Event? When did Apple debut the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? What year did Apple debut the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? What device can users access the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store from? Video games are playable on various versions of what? What game was included as an easter egg hidden feature on the original iPod? Who invented the game Brick? What three games did later revisions of the iPod add? What did Steve Wozniak call the game Brick? What game was included as an easter egg hidden feature on the original iPod? What three games did later revisions of the iPod add? In what year did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What was the name of the new version of iTunes? On what generation of iPod does the Apple Store offer games for purchase? What generation of iPod Nano is compatible with iTunes 7? In what year did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What generation of iPod is iTunes 7 compatible with? What companies are making games for the iPod? Apple's MP3 player has taken steps towards entering what market? Which video game magazines have reviewed and rated most of Apple's games? What are the games in the iPhone SDK called? What are.ipg files? What does SDK stand for? What operating system are apps produced with the iPhone SDK compatible with? What are the games in the iPhone SDK called? Apps produced with the iPhone SDK are compatible with which two devices? How has Apple publicly released a software development kit for iPod-specific development? What software is used to transfer media to an iPod? What type of applications are available on a number of different platforms? What software is used to transfer media to an iPod? What type of protected media is required to transfer purchased media from an iPod to a computer? What version of iTunes can transfer purchased media from an iPod to a computer? What type of folder are media files stored on an iPod? On what operating system can hidden content be accessed? How can media files be recovered from an iPod? In what year did Apple face two lawsuits claiming patent infringement by the iPod line? What did the two lawsuits allege the iPod line breached? Which online music stores were named as defendants in the 2005 case? Whose patent did Pat-rights claim Apple's FairPlay technology breached? What company claimed the iPod line breached its patent on a "music jukebox"? What technology did Pat-rights claim breached a patent? What did Apple apply for a patent on on the iPod interface? When did Apple's application for a patent on rotational user inputs receive a third rejection? Who announced that it had a patent on part of the music selection interface used by the iPod line? What was the name of Creative Technology's patent on the music selection interface used by the iPod? Who did Creative ask to investigate whether Apple was breaching U.S. trade laws by importing iPods into the United States? What did Apple apply for a patent on on the iPod interface? Who announced that it had a patent on part of the music selection interface used by the iPod line? When did Apple and Creative announce a broad settlement to end their legal disputes? How much did Apple pay to Creative for a paid-up license? What program did Creative join to produce iPod accessories? How much did Apple pay to Creative for a paid-up license? What program did Creative join to produce iPod accessories? How much of the US market share does the iPod line have for hard drive-based players? What year did the iPod line dominate digital music player sales in the United States? What was the market share of the iPod in January 2007? What website reported that the iPod market share reached 72.7% in January 2007? How much of the US market share does the iPod line have for hard drive-based players? What percentage of the US market share does the iPod line have for all types of players? What was the market share of the iPod in July 2005? When did Hewlett-Packard announce that they would sell HP-branded iPods? What company announced that it would sell HP-branded iPods under a license agreement from Apple? What retail store was used to sell HP-branded iPods? What percentage of all iPod sales did HP-branded iPods make up? Why did HP stop selling iPods? What was the name of Hewlett-Packard when it announced it would sell iPods under a license agreement from Apple? How many iPods did Apple sell in April of 2007? How much of Apple's second quarter revenue was made from iPod sales? What other Apple product are iPod users likely to purchase? What was Apple's second quarter revenue in April 2007? What year was it announced that Apple had sold its one-hundred millionth iPod? How much of Apple's second quarter revenue was made from iPod sales? What was Apple's quarterly revenue in 2007? How much of Apple's revenue came from desktop sales? How much did Apple make in profits in 2007? How much did Apple end the fiscal year 2007 with in cash and no debt? How much did Apple make in profits in 2007? When did Apple report its best quarter revenue and earnings? What was Apple's net quarterly profit in 2008? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from notebook sales? How much of Apple's revenue for the First fiscal quarter of 2008 came from iPod sales? Who was Apple's CFO in June 2009? In what year did Phil Schiller announce total cumulative sales of iPods exceeded 220 million? What percentage of total revenue for fiscal quarter 4 of 2008 came from iPods? What was the total sales of iPods at the September 9, 2009 keynote presentation? In what year was a new model of the iPod not introduced to the market? What was the rank of iPods as a computer product in 2006? What kind of reviews do iPods get? What mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? What format do mobile phones play AAC files instead of? Who says the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? Who says the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What type of device has the iPod been accepted as? What has the iPod been used for in business? What hospitals use the iPod as a delivery mechanism for business communication and training? Where are the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? What university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? Who put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list? What university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? Who put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list? What era did the iPod end? What industry has the iPod been credited with accelerating shifts? What did the iPod popularize? What era did the iPod end? What is the advertised battery life of a 30 GB iPod? Who stated that the 14 hour battery life was unachievable under real-life usage conditions? In what year was a class action lawsuit brought against Apple? What is different from the real-world achievable life of most iPods? What is the average battery life of an iPod? Who sells iPod batteries? What did Apple initially say a customer should buy? What type of batteries lose capacity during their lifetime even when not in use? What is not designed to be removed or replaced by the user? What type of batteries lose capacity during their lifetime even when not in use? What did Apple announce on November 14, 2003? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What is needed to solder the battery onto the main board of the iPod Nano? What generation of iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive? In what year did Apple announce a battery replacement program? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What iPod has a battery that is soldered onto the main board? What part of the iPod Nano was faulty? What was the name of the program that replaced iPod Nanos with current generation Nanos? What have iPods been criticized for? What website did a 2005 survey find that the iPod line had an average failure rate of 13.7%? What was the average failure rate of the iPod line? When did many users complain that the surface of the first generation iPod Nano could become scratched easily? What did Apple begin shipping iPods with after a class action lawsuit was filed? What type of memory did most iPods have a failure rate below 10%? What part of the first generation iPod Nano was made unusable by scratching? What British tabloid reported that iPods are mainly manufactured by workers? What did some of Apple's labour practices meet? What percentage of the time did employees work more than six consecutive days? What British tabloid reported that iPods are mainly manufactured by workers? How much of the time did employees work over 60 hours a week? What was the name of the workplace standards auditing company that Apple hired? What group did Apple join? Who was Apple's manufacturer? Where was the Foxconn factory located? Who was Apple's manufacturer? What was the name of the workplace standards auditing company that Apple hired? What year did workers at the Foxconn factory form a union? When did a number of workers commit suicide at a Foxconn operations in China? What went missing in 2009? When did a number of workers commit suicide at a Foxconn operations in China? What can create more jobs overseas than domestically? What file system format is used if an iPod is formatted on a Mac OS computer? What file system is used if an iPod is formatted on Windows? What type of game is Twilight Princess? What consoles was Twilight Princess developed for? When was the Wii version of Twilight Princess released in North America? When was the GameCube version of Twilight Princess released? Who developed and published Twilight Princess? In what year was Twilight Princess originally planned to be released on the GameCube? When was the Wii version of Twilight Princess released in North America? Who is the main character of 'Twilight Realm'? What dimension is Link trying to prevent from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm? Who assists Link in preventing Hyrule from being engulfed by the Twilight Realm? Who is the main character of 'Twilight Realm'? Who assists Link in preventing Hyrule from being engulfed by the Twilight Realm? What is the alternate timeline for The Twilight Realm? What award did Twilight Princess receive? What was the Wii version of Twilight Princess rereleased under in 2011? When will the Wii U release The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series? How many Game of the Year awards did Twilight Princess receive? When was Twilight Princess released? When will the Wii U release The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What is the focus of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess uses the basic control scheme introduced in what game? What system allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy while moving and attacking? What weapon does Link use in combat? What weapon is similar to the Hookshot in the Legend of Zelda series? What type of game is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess uses the basic control scheme introduced in what game? What does Link use in combat? What system allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy while moving and attacking? How many buttons does the context-sensitive button mechanic allow to serve a variety of functions? What shows what action a button will trigger? Where does the context-sensitive button cause Link to place the rock if he is standing still? What allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What shows what action a button will trigger? What does the Wii version of the game use a built-in speaker? What is the name of the game's trademark sound when discovering secrets? What does the Wii version of the game use a built-in speaker? What is the name of the device that Link uses to trigger attacks? How many of Link's secondary weapons can be equipped on the GameCube? What kind of sensors does the Wii have? What does the Wii version of the game use a built-in speaker? How many dungeons does the game have? What does Link battle in the dungeons? What are the dungeons connected by? What is the name of Link's horse? What does Link solve in the dungeons? What does Link fight at the end of the dungeons? What are the dungeons connected by? What is the name of the wolf that Link transforms into in the Twilight Realm? How does Link attack? What are the enemy ghosts that Link hunts for? What is the name of the small imp-like creature that gives Link hints? What is a wolf Link faster than? What is the name of the wolf that Link transforms into in the Twilight Realm? What is Midna? What do Poes hunt for? What does AI stand for? The AI of enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced than enemies in what game? How do enemies react to defeated companions? What does AI stand for? What can enemies detect from a greater distance than was possible in previous games? What are Link's emotions and responses visually indicated by? Who has the most voice acting? Who sampled Midna's pseudo-speech? What country was Akiko Kmoto from? What does Link do when attacking or injured? What are Link's emotions and responses visually indicated by? Who has the most voice acting? Who sampled Midna's pseudo-speech? What is Link's job in Ordon Village? Who do the Bulblins carry off from Ordon Village? Who frees Link? What must Link collect to restore the Light Spirits? Where is Link working? Who attack Ordon Village? What must Link collect to restore the Light Spirits? What fragments of a relic containing powerful dark magic does Link help Midna find? Who ambushed the Light Spirits? What does Link need to return to human form? Who is the only one who can see the dying Midna? Where were the Zoras from? What fragments of a relic containing powerful dark magic does Link help Midna find? Who ambushed the Light Spirits? What does Link need to return to human form? Who is the only one who can see the dying Midna? What is the name of the Crystal that Link regained after being cleansed of his wolf form? What is the only known gateway between the Twilight Realm and Hyrule? Who was the Gerudo leader that attempted to steal the Triforce? Where is Ganondorf located? What did Ganondorf possess to fight Link? What is the name of the Crystal that Link regained after being cleansed of his wolf form? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who is the true ruler of the Twilight Realm? Who was the Gerudo leader that attempted to steal the Triforce? What does Ganondorf transform Zelda into? What did Ganondorf crush that brought Midna back to life? Where does Link leave when Hyrule Castle is rebuilt? Who did Midna teleport with Link? What part of Ganondorf's body does Link plunge the Master Sword into? Who assisted Zelda in bringing Midna back to life? Who does Midna teleport outside of Hyrule Castle? What did Ganondorf crush as Hyrule Castle collapses? What did Midna destroy after bidding farewell to Link and Zelda? When did Nintendo announce that a new The Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? At what event did Nintendo announce that a new Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? What country did Nintendo tell Aonuma that sales of The Wind Waker were sluggish in? What did Aonuma want to do that was not possible in Ocarina of Time? When did Nintendo announce that a new The Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? Who was the director of The Legend of Zelda at the Game Developers Conference? What did Aonuma want to do that was not possible in Ocarina of Time? How many months did it take Nintendo to present horseback riding in 'The Wind Waker'? At what event did Nintendo release a trailer for 'The Wind Waker'? Phantom Hourglass was released for what device in 2007? What was the name of the sequel to The Wind Waker for the Nintendo DS? When did Nintendo release a trailer for The Wind Waker? What did Link transform into in the Dark World of A Link to the Past? What game did Aonuma direct for the Game Boy Advance? What was the Wii's code name? Who suggested that the Wii Remote be used for aiming arrows? Who wrote the script for 'The Twilight Princess'? What was the Revolution's pointing device? What type of interface did Aonuma develop for the bow and arrow? In what year was the GameCube released? Who felt that two versions of Twilight Princess would satisfy consumers? In what year was the GameCube released? What was the Wii compatible with? When did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What was Nintendo able to transfer GameCube development to? When did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What did Nintendo use to control the sword in a prototype? What publication claimed that a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess would give the player the option of using the Revolution controller? What did not make it into the GameCube release? In what year did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch? How long after the Wii was the GameCube release pushed back? What publication claimed that a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess would give the player the option of using the Revolution controller? At what event did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available for the Wii? What did demo users complain about? The new item system required use of the button that had previously been used for what? Who commented that they would like to see the sword controls transferred to gestures? What hand was used to control a left-handed sword attack? What did Aonuma focus on with Miyamoto? Who composed the game's score? Who was the sound supervisor of Twilight Princess? Who created the orchestral arrangements for the three compositions for the trailers? Who was the sound supervisor of Twilight Princess? Who created the orchestral arrangements for the three compositions for the trailers? Who conducted the Twilight Princess ensemble? What type of instruments did Kondo prefer? How many people were in the original orchestra for action sequences? When was the soundtrack released? What was the name of the promotion that bundled the soundtrack with the game? What requests prompted Kondo to consider using orchestral music for the other tracks in the game? When was the soundtrack released? What part of the game did Nintendo decide to use instead of orchestral music? What was discovered in the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What does ELF stand for? What version of the Wii Menu patched a buffer overflow vulnerability? What exploit allowed the execution of custom code from a Secure Digital (SD) card on the console? What versions of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console? What version of the Wii Menu patched a buffer overflow vulnerability? Who is developing a high-definition remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? For what device is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD being developed? When was the remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD announced? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in Australia? What is the name of the high-definition remaster of Zelda? Who is developing a high-definition remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What feature did the remaster of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD have? When will The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in North America? What is a special bundle of the Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the "Cave of Shadows"? Which two Amiibo figurines replenish arrows? Who restores Link's health? What causes Link to take twice as much damage? What dungeon does the Wolf Link Amiibo figurine unlock? Which figurine unlocks a Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the "Cave of Shadows"? What dungeon does the Wolf Link Amiibo figurine unlock? Which two Amiibo figurines replenish arrows? Who restores Link's health? Where was the CD available as a preorder bonus? How many musical selections were on the CD that was available as a GameStop preorder bonus in the United States? Where is the CD included in all bundles? What was available as a GameStop preorder bonus in the United States? What were the scores for Twilight Princess from major publications? What are the two review aggregators? Who called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? What was Twilight Princess' commercial success? What were the scores for Twilight Princess from major publications? What was the average score for the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? Who criticized the GameCube for blurry textures and low-resolution characters? Who said the Wii controls felt "tacked-on"? Who praised the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who praised the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who praised the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who criticized the GameCube for blurry textures and low-resolution characters? Who praised the soundtrack of Twilight Princess? Who praised the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What console was Twilight Princess released on? Where did 'Twilight Princess' rank in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? Where did IGN rank Twilight Princess as the best Wii game? Where did Nintendo Power rank Twilight Princess as the best game to be released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s? Who gave Twilight Princess the awards for Best Graphics and Best Story? What award was Twilight Princess given by the Game Critics Awards and GameSpy? Where did 'Twilight Princess' rank in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? Where did IGN rank Twilight Princess as the best Wii game? What region covers most of Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania? How many copies of Twilight Princess were sold on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies of Twilight Princess were sold on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007? Where is Twilight Princess the best-selling entry in the Zelda series? How many copies of Twilight Princess were sold on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies of Twilight Princess were sold on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007? Who illustrated Twilight Princess? Where is the Twilight Princess manga based? Who is the publisher of the manga series Twilight Princess? What kind of application is the manga series available via? Who produced Spectre? Who played James Bond in Spectre? Who did Daniel Craig play in Spectre? What was Sam Mendes' first Bond film? What was the budget of Spectre? How many films were produced by Eon Productions? What is the name of the twenty-fourth James Bond film? How many James Bond films were produced by Eon Productions? Who distributed Spectre? Who directed Spectre? What is the name of the criminal group Bond is pitted against in the film? What was the first Eon Productions film to feature Spectre? Who are the recurring James Bond characters? Who plays Mr. Hinx? Who does Monica Bellucci play? Who are the recurring James Bond characters? Who plays Dr. Madeleine Swann? Who plays Mr. Hinx? When was 'Diamonds Are Forever' released? When was Spectre released in the United Kingdom? Where was the world premiere of Spectre? When was Spectre released in the United States? What did Spectre receive praise for? What award did 'Writing's on the Wall' win? What was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX? What was the theme song for Spectre? When was the bombing of Mexico City planned? What was Garreth allory's promotion to? What was the name of the mission that 007 did in Mexico? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative between nine member states? Who was promoted to M? When was the bombing of Mexico City planned? What two groups make up the Joint Intelligence Service? What does Bond steal? Where does Bond go to attend Sciarra's funeral? What criminal organization did Lucia belong to? Who is the leader of Spectre? What is Mr. Hinx's occupation? Who informs Bond that Franz Oberhauser is a Spectre assassin? Where does Bond go to attend Sciarra's funeral? Who is the leader of Spectre? Who is a Spectre assassin? Who is the leader of Spectre? What is the cause of White's death? What is the name of Bond's daughter? What happens to Dr. Madeline Swann? Where is Dr. Madeline Swann located? Where is L'Américain located? What is the cause of White's death? Who does White tell Bond to protect? Where is L'Américain located? Who abducted Swann? How do Bond and Swann travel to Oberhauser's base? Who was Oberhauser's father? What name did Oberhauser use to form Spectre? What name did Oberhauser use to form Spectre? Where is Bond taken when he is freed? Who is attempting to save Swann from being kidnapped? What bridge does Blofeld's helicopter crash onto? Who did Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny want to arrest? Who succeeded in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online? Who did Bill Tanner, Q, and Moneypenny want to arrest? What is SPECTRE? Who was in litigation over the film rights to the novel Thunderball? When did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the 1983 Thunderball remake? What was the name of the second Thunderball film? When did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the 1983 Thunderball remake? What novel did Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory dispute the film rights to? Who acquired the full copyright film rights to the concept of Spectre? What acronym was discarded? What company is Danjaq, LLC a sister company to? In what year did MGM and the McClory estate settle the issue with Danjaq, LLC? Who acquired the full copyright film rights to the concept of Spectre? What did MGM acquire the full copyright rights to? Who was the sister company of Eon Productions? Who was targeted by hackers in November 2014? Who released confidential e-mails between Sony executives? Who wrote the script for Spectre? What company released an early version of Spectre's script? When did hackers release confidential e-mails? Who wrote the script for Spectre? What company released an early version of Spectre's script? Who played Franz Oberhauser in Spectre? In what year was Hannes Oberhauser named as a guardian of Bond? Who wrote Spectre? What organisation was introduced in Quantum of Solace? Hannes Oberhauser is a background character in what short story? Who is shown to have been Bond's full-time guardian? Hannes Oberhauser is a background character in what short story? Who played Franz Oberhauser in Spectre? What was the name of the film that reimagined the Quantum organisation? What film draws on Ian Fleming's source material? What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? Who is the title character of Colonel Sun? What is the name of the short story from the For Your Eyes Only collection? What short story collection contains a reference to the Hildebrand Rarity? Who was the title character of Colonel Sun? What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? When was the main cast of 007 revealed? Who played Eve Moneypenny? Who reprised the roles of Eve Moneypenny and Bill Tanner? Who reprised the roles of Eve Moneypenny and Bill Tanner? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in his third appearance in 007? How many times did Daniel Craig appear as James Bond? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in his third appearance in 007? Who reprised their roles as Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who was Christoph Waltz cast in the role of? Who played Franz Oberhauser in 'Skyfall'? Who played Sévérine in Skyfall? In what film did Jesper Christensen reprise his role as Mr. White? How old was Monica Bellucci when she was cast as Lucia Sciarra? Who played Sévérine in Skyfall? In what film did Jesper Christensen reprise his role as Mr. White? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence set in Mexico? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was cast as Estrella? When was Detlef Bothe cast as a villain? Where was the pre-title sequence set? Where was Detlef Bothe a villain? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was Stephanie Sigman cast as? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? Who returned as the film's production designer? Who did Hoyte van Hoytema take over from? What two Bond films did Mendes direct? Along with Skyfall, what Bond film did Mendes direct? Along with Skyfall, what Bond film did Mendes direct? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? How many Bond films did Robert Wade and Neal Purvis direct? What locations did Mendes say would be used for filming? What type of film stock did Van Hoytema use? Where did production begin on December 8, 2014? How long did the filming take? What did Van Hoytema shoot the film on? Where did production begin on December 8, 2014? When did filming begin in Austria? When did filming in Austria end? What was the center of the scenes filmed in Austria? What did Craig sprained while shooting a fight scene? What was the center of the scenes filmed in Austria? Where is the Hoffler Klinik located? What glacier is in the area around Sölden? What locations were used in the five-week shoot in Rome? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? Who built the C-X75? How many independent electric engines did the C-X75 have? Where did the filming of 'Rome' take place? Along with the Roman Forum, what was a notable location for the five-week shoot in Rome? What cars were used in a car chase scene in Rome? Who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? Who did Williams build the C-X75 prototype for? Where did the filming of The Day of the Dead take place? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? How many extras were needed to film the Day of the Dead? Where did the second unit of The Day of the Dead move to in Chiapas? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? What was used to film a fight in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? Where was Craig flown after filming in Mexico? When did Craig return to filming at Pinewood Studios? Where was Craig flown after filming in Mexico? What two bridges were temporarily closed during the filming? Who was on set to film scenes on Westminster Bridge? On what river did filming take place on 17 May 2015? Where was MI6's headquarters located? What two bridges were temporarily closed during the filming? Who was on set to film scenes on Westminster Bridge? Where were Fiennes and Seydoux filmed? At what time were scenes involving Craig and Seydoux shot? Where did filming for Spectre take place? What Guinness World Record was held for an explosion filmed in Morocco? Who created the Guinness World Record for the largest stunt explosion in cinematic history? How long did filming for Spectre take? Where did production travel to after wrapping up in England? What Guinness World Record was held for an explosion filmed in Morocco? How long did the filming of Spectre take? Who created the Guinness World Record for the largest stunt explosion in cinematic history? How much money was rumored to have been secured for the film Skyfall? Who denied the claim that the film had been altered to accommodate Mexican authorities? In what country was the pre-title sequence of Day of the Dead filmed? Where did production of Skyfall move to after trying to secure permits? Who returned as Spectre's composer? When was Spectre's soundtrack album released? What label released Spectre's soundtrack? Who returned as Spectre's composer? What label released Spectre's soundtrack? When did Newman work on Spectre? When was Spectre's theatrical trailer released? What was the title of the film's title theme? How many sessions did Sam Smith and Jimmy Napes write the title theme for 'Writing's on the Wall'? What was the final release of 'Writing's on the Wall'? Who wrote 'Writing's on the Wall'? When was the song released as a digital download? What Adele song was compared to the Bond theme? Who trended on Twitter on the day the song was released? What English band composed a song for the film Bond? Who released the song Skyfall? Who trended on Twitter on the day the song was released? What English band composed a song for the film Bond? Who unveiled the DB10 as the official car for the film? How many cars did Aston Martin and Eon produce for Spectre? Who carried the 007 logo on their cars at the 2015 Mexican Grand Prix? What were the remaining two DB10's used for? How many cars did Aston Martin and Eon produce for Spectre? What logo did Williams F1 carry on their cars at the 2015 Mexican Grand Prix? Skyfall released still images of what? Who released clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's social media accounts? Where did Skyfall release still images of clapperboards and video blogs? Who released clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's social media accounts? What show did the Dawson Brothers appear in a sketch for? On what channel did the Dawson Brothers appear in a sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? When was the theatrical trailer for Spectre released? When was the first teaser trailer for Spectre released? What show did the Dawson Brothers appear in a sketch for? Who wrote a sketch for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day? Where was Spectre's world premiere? When was Spectre's world premiere in London? Whose success did IMAX Corporation have with Spectre? What movie did Paramount bring forward to avoid competing with Spectre? Paramount brought forward the release of Mission: Impossible - Rogue Nation to avoid competing with what film? How much did Spectre grossed worldwide as of 21 February 2016? How much of Spectre's revenue comes from North America? How much of Spectre's revenue came from the UK? How much did 'The Prisoner of Azkaban' grossed in its first seven days? What film broke the UK record for highest first-week opening? Which film was the country's highest-grossing IMAX release ever? How much did 'Bridge of Spies' grossed on its opening day? What film broke the UK record for highest first-week opening? Which film was the country's highest-grossing IMAX release ever? What film had a record-breaking per-screen opening average of $110,000? In what city did the Spectre attack take place? How much more money did Spectre make than Skyfall? What movie did Spectre have the highest ticket sales of all time? How much did South Korea pay for Spectre? What movie did Spectre have the highest ticket sales of all time? What movie did Spectre become the top movie of the year in the Netherlands? How many screens did IMAX generate $9.1 million for Spectre? How much did 'Bond' gross in its opening weekend? How much did 'Bond' earn in its opening weekend? What film did Spectre grossed less than $70.4 million in its opening weekend? How many screens did IMAX generate $9.1 million for Spectre? On what day did the first showing of 'Bond' take place? On what date did 'Bridge of Spies' open in China? How much did IMAX earn in its opening weekend? How much did IMAX's second weekend earnings fall? What was IMAX's total grossed in China? What was the biggest 2D single day gross for a Hollywood film? What was IMAX's total grossed in China? What is the Metacritic rating for Spectre? How many critics rated Spectre on Metacritic? What percentage of the reviews did Rotten Tomatoes rate Spectre as positive? Who polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A"? How many % of reviews did Rotten Tomatoes give to Spectre? What is the Metacritic rating for Spectre? Who described Spectre as "a swaggering show of confidence"? Who rated Spectre as "solid if unspectacular"? How many stars did The Guardian give Spectre? How many stars did The Guardian give Spectre? Who called Spectre the worst 007 movie in 30 years? Who wrote the San Francisco Chronicle's review of Spectre? What did Matt Zoller Seitz say about Spectre? What did Matt Zoller Seitz say about Spectre? Who wrote in The Atlantic about Spectre? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance in Spectre? What newspaper did Alyssa Rosenberg write for? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance in Spectre? Who censored kissing scenes in India? Where did the CBFC's censorship of kissing scenes in India cause criticism? Who will portray Bond in a sequel to Spectre? When will a sequel to Spectre begin development? When will a sequel to Spectre begin development? What year did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? What is another name for the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What year did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? What was the magnitude of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? When was the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? When did the 2008 Sichuan earthquake occur? How many people died in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What cities were affected by the Wenchuan earthquake? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? How long after the main earthquake did the aftershocks last? What is another name for the Great Wenchuan earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? How far from Chengdu was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead by the July 21, 2008 earthquake? How many people were confirmed dead in Sichuan province? How many people were left homeless? How many people lived in the affected area? How much did the Chinese government spend to rebuild areas ravaged by the quake? How many people were confirmed dead in Sichuan province? How many people were injured in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were listed as missing? How many people were left homeless? How many people were believed to be homeless in the Sichuan earthquake? Where was the earthquake's epicenter located? How long did the earthquake last? How many buildings were destroyed in the May 12, 2008 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the 2008 earthquake? How long did the earthquake last? How many buildings were destroyed in the May 12, 2008 earthquake? What fault did the earthquake occur along? Where is the Longmenshan fault located? How long did the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture last? How deep was the focus of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture? What fault did the earthquake occur along? What is the mid-fracture of the Longmenshan fault known as? When was the majority of energy released in the Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture? What was the maximum displacement of the Longmenshan fault? When did Geng claim a confidential written report was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? When was Geng's drought-earthquake correlation theory first released? What did Geng claim was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? What did Geng claim a confidential written report was sent to the State Seismological Bureau warning about? When did the State Seismological Bureau send out a report warning about a significant earthquake? What did Geng try to establish a correlation between with earthquakes? What did the official deny the Seismological Bureau had received? How much displacement did the rupture models indicate? Who was the USGS seismologist that warned of a major M>7 aftershock? How much displacement did the USGS indicate the earthquake would cause? How long was the fault on the USGS study? What was the depth of the fault in the USGS study? Where did the earthquake increase the probability of occurrence of future events? What was the risk of a major M>7 aftershock? How many people died in the Great Hanshin earthquake? How many stages did the Longmenshan Fault tear in? What was the name of the 155-mile fault that ripped in two sections? What caused the magnitude of the Longmenshan Fault to increase? How much more energy did the Longmenshan Fault release than the Great Hanshin earthquake? Why did the seismic waves travel a long distance without losing their power? How many major aftershocks were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake? When were 104 major aftershocks recorded? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? How many major aftershocks were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake? How many total aftershocks were there on November 6, 2008? What was the strongest aftershock measured? How many aftershocks were there on November 6, 2008? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Why wasn't the Ms 6.1 earthquake part of the series? What was the name of the earthquake that caused the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the 2008 Panzhihua earthquake? What was the name of the earthquake that caused the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Who published the map of earthquake intensity? What is the maximum liedu of the earthquake? What was the liedu of XI on the China Seismic Intensity Scale described as? What did the USGS say of the liedu of XI? What is the town closest to the epicenter of the earthquake? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What is the average vertical slip of the Beichuan Fault? How high was the surface slip on the Beichuan Fault? What was the average slip in the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? How long was the average horizontal slip in the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What is located in the eastern border of the Tibetan Plateau? What is the average vertical slip of the Beichuan Fault? What is the average vertical slip of the Beichuan Fault? How long was the average slip of the Beichuan Fault? Where were the Jin Mao Tower and Hong Kong New World Tower evacuated? What did a receptionist at the Tibet Hotel in Chengdu say about the evacuation of its guests? How long were workers at a Ford plant in Sichuan evacuated? What airport was shut down? When did Chengdu Shuangliu Airport reopen? What happened to the offices in Shanghai's financial district? What airport was shut down? Why did Cathay Pacific delay its Hong Kong to London route? What was Chengdu Shuangliu Airport used as a staging area for? Where were cracks seen on walls of some residential buildings in Beijing? What city's office towers were evacuated? Where did a cargo train derailed? What happened to the cargo train that derailed in Gansu? What did Reporters in Chengdu say they saw in some residential buildings in the downtown areas? What was evacuated? What was not damaged during the 2008 Summer Olympics? Where did a cargo train derailed? Why did a cargo train catch on fire in Gansu? What was damaged in Wenchuan? How many buildings collapsed in Beichuan County? In what city was a whole school collapsed? How many students survived a school collapse in Dujiangyan? What was damaged in Wenchuan? What was the result of the damage to the highways into Wenchuan? How many buildings collapsed in Beichuan County? What led to leakage of 80 tons of liquid ammonia in the city of Shifang? How many students survived a school collapse in Dujiangyan? Where did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading of companies based? What metal rose over speculations that production in southwestern China might be affected? What price dropped due to speculations that demand from China would fall? What happened to companies based in southwestern China? Where did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading of companies based? What metal rose over speculations that production in southwestern China might be affected? Which exchange suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China? What types of telecommunications were cut to the affected area? What was cut to the Sichuan area after the earthquake? How long did it take for telecommunications to be restored? What was cut to the affected area after the earthquake? Where were all internet capabilities cut to? Who restored telecommunications after the earthquake? What was made accessible online in the Sichuan province after the earthquake? What type of websites were made accessible online in the Sichuan province? How many base stations were suspended by China Mobile? How many towers were suspended in Wenchuan? How many base stations were suspended by China Mobile? What was the cause of China Mobile's base stations being suspended? How much wireless communications were lost in the Sichuan province? What company's service in Wenchuan was cut off? How many towers in Wenchuan were cut off from China Unicom's service? Where were the pandas initially unable to contact? How many giant pandas are in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? How many British tourists visited the Wolong Panda Reserve? How many pandas went missing after the quake? What is the home to 280 giant pandas? How many pandas escaped after their enclosures were damaged? How many pandas were in Mao Mao's enclosure? What was the name of the nine-year-old panda that was found crushed by a wall in her enclosure? What was damaged in the quake? Where was the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located from the epicenter of the earthquake? How many troops have been allocated to Zipingpu? How many dams were damaged by the quake? What was damaged in the quake? How far is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant from the epicenter of the earthquake? Is the damage to the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant more or less severe than originally feared? What is in danger of collapse? How many dams were damaged by the quake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were killed in the Sichuan quake? How many people are listed as missing? How many people were injured in the Sichuan earthquake? How many earthquake relief workers were killed in landslides? How many people were killed in the Sichuan quake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people are listed as missing? How many people were injured in the Sichuan earthquake? Why were the 158 earthquake relief workers killed? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? Where is Yingxiu located? How many people lived in Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were injured in Beichuan County? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? How many people lived in Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were injured in Beichuan County? How many schools were toppled in Dujiangyan? What is poor in Sichuan? Who is the Vice Minister of Health? What did Gao Qiang say about China's health care system? What did China's economic rise do to Sichuan? Where is health care poor in Sichuan? What did Gao Qiang say about the public health care system in China? What did Gao Qiang say the government should provide to earthquake victims? How many school children died due to shoddy construction? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people were buried in Mianyang City? How many school buildings in the province collapsed? How many people were buried in a school in Hanwang? Why did thousands of school children die in Mianyang City? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people were buried in Mianyang City? How many school buildings in the province collapsed? How many students and staff died at Juyuan Elementary School? When were the details of school casualties under non-governmental investigation? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? How many students were killed in the Nanjing earthquake? How many children were disabled in the 2009 earthquake? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? Who posted updates on his blog since March 2009? How many students were killed in the Nanjing earthquake? How many children were disabled in the 2009 earthquake? Where did the Chinese government give free treatment to parents who lost their only children? How many people were left without housing after the Chengdu earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the Chengdu earthquake? How many animals were destroyed in the Chengdu earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the Chengdu earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the Chengdu earthquake? How many people were left without housing after the Chengdu earthquake? How many animals were destroyed in the Chengdu earthquake? How many pigs died in the Sichuan province? Who was a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Georgia Tech? Who is Reginald DesRoches? When was the Tangshan earthquake? What was the name of the earthquake in 1976? What happened to the buildings after the earthquake? What was the purpose of the international reconnaissance team? What did the findings of the preliminary survey show? Who was dispatched to the region to make a detailed preliminary survey of damaged buildings? What did an international team of engineers do after the earthquake? What did the findings of the preliminary survey show? Who was hardest hit by the earthquake? Who was the assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology? Where did the earthquake occur? What did Swaminathan Krishnan say about the buildings built in rural China? What kind of building codes are in China? What did Swaminathan Krishnan believe the buildings were not built with? What was the estimated economic loss from the Sichuan quake? What type of damage did the Sichuan earthquake cause? What is the estimated economic loss from the Sichuan quake? What is the costliest natural disaster in Sichuan? How many cities in Sichuan suffered minor damage from the quake? How many homes were collapsed in the May 27 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the aftershock that hit northeast of the earthquake's epicenter? How many people were injured in the Qingchuan County earthquake? How many homes were collapsed in the May 27 earthquake? How many people were injured in the May 27 earthquake? Where did the second aftershock hit? Who confirmed that more than 90,000 people were dead or missing in the earthquake? How many homes had been rebuilt? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many schools were reconstructed? Who confirmed that more than 90,000 people were dead or missing in the earthquake? How many people were killed or missing in the earthquake? How many homes had been rebuilt? How many homes were under reconstruction in Nanjing? How many households were still without permanent shelter? Who flew to the earthquake area to oversee the rescue work? What did Premier Wen Jiabao have an academic background in? What did Premier Wen Jiabao oversee? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send to Wenchuan County? How long after the quake did President Hu Jintao announce his response? How many emergency medical teams were sent to Wenchuan County? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send to Wenchuan County? What made it difficult to get help to the rural areas of the province? What type of plan covers the most serious class of natural disasters? What does the Level II emergency contingency plan cover? When did the Level II emergency contingency plan rise to Level I? What type of contingency plan covers the most serious class of natural disasters? What class of natural disasters does the Level II emergency contingency plan cover? What level of emergency contingency plan covers the most serious class of natural disasters? Who initiated the Level II emergency contingency plan? How many people were on the earthquake emergency relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people from the Beijing Military Area Command were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team from the Armed Police General Hospital? What type of team left Beijing to travel to Wenchuan County? How many people were on the earthquake emergency relief team? How many people from the Beijing Military Area Command were on the earthquake relief team? What hospital did the 184 people on the earthquake emergency team come from? How did the earthquake emergency team leave Beijing? What did the article in the China Digital Times report? What was the name of the alleged Chinese construction engineer? What newspaper reported an article by an alleged Chinese construction engineer called "Book Blade"? What was the name of the alleged Chinese construction engineer? What day did many parents go to the rubble of schools to mourn for their children? Where did the surviving children live? What did the surviving children do on Children's Day? Where did many parents go to mourn for their children? When was Children's Day? Where were the surviving children living? How much have Central State-owned enterprises donated to the disaster area? How much did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much did Central State-owned enterprises donate to the disaster area? How much did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much money did China receive in aid from Saudi Arabia? How many countries have donated money and goods to China? How many international organizations have donated money to China? Who was the largest aid donor to China? How much money did Saudi Arabia provide to China? How much money has China received from 19 countries? Who was the largest aid donor to China? How many international organizations have donated money to China? What did the State Council establish in 2008? How long did the counterpart support plan last? What did the State Council establish in 2008? What is the basis of the counterpart support plan? How long did the counterpart support plan last? How much did the counterpart support plan cost? What did the chief engineer of the Sichuan Geology and Mineral Bureau say about the Zipingpu Dam? What dam may have triggered the quake? How much more damage did the Zipingpu Dam cause than a year's worth of natural stress from tectonic movement? Who disregarded warnings about large-scale dam projects in a seismically active area? What type of area was the Zipingpu Dam? What have researchers been denied to examine the cause of the quake? What did the Sichuan earthquake provide for researchers? What did Pekevski and Mavrodiev predict with an accuracy of 1 day? What did Pekevski and Mavrodiev try to establish? What did Pekevski collect to establish a time prediction method? What did Zhang Xiaodong say at the press conference? What did Zhang Xiaodong say about earthquake prediction? What did Zhang Xiaodong restate that earthquake prediction was? What did Zhang Xiaodong say was received before the earthquake? What did Gary Gibson say he did not see that could be regarded as having predicted the earthquake? When did Chen Xuezhong publish a Seismic Risk Analysis study? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? When did Chen Xuezhong publish a Seismic Risk Analysis study? What is the possible magnitude of an earthquake in Sichuan? How long did the Sichuan earthquake last? How many years has the Sichuan earthquake been the worst to strike the area? What was there within the scientific community that earthquake prediction is possible? What did the public want to study about the Sichuan quake? What is not established science? What Taiwanese rescue team was ready to join the rescue effort in Sichuan? How many Tibetan villagers were stranded in Sier? Why did the Red Cross Society of China say it was inconvenient to reach the hardest hit areas closest to the epicenter? What did the Red Cross Society of China recommend instead of tents? What caused the Red Cross to not be able to reach places that were blocked off by? What was the name of the ethnically Tibetan village in Sichuan? Along with heavy rain, what affected rescue efforts in Wenchuan County? How many helicopters were deployed on May 12? How many troops were involved in the rescue of Wenchuan? How many survivors were found in Yingxiu Town, Wenchuan? How many troops were in Mao County on May 13? What caused rescue efforts in Wenchuan County? How many helicopters were deployed on May 12? How many troops were involved in the rescue of Wenchuan? How many survivors were found in Yingxiu Town, Wenchuan? How many survivors were found in Wenchuan? What did Premier Wen Jiabao order by May 15? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? How many helicopters were to be provided by the civil aviation industry? How many aircraft were deployed in relief operations by the air force, army, and civil aviation? How many aircraft were deployed in relief operations by the air force, army, and civil aviation? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? Who provided the 30 helicopters that were to be deployed by May 15? What type of operation was the largest in People's Liberation Army history? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? Where did the Tzu Chi Foundation come from? When did Beijing accept the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation from Taiwan? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? What did China say it would gratefully accept to cope with the quake? What did China say it would gratefully accept international help to do? Who made the direct cargo flight from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? When did the cargo flight leave Taipei? When did a rescue team from the Red Cross arrive in Chengdu? What type of flight was made from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? What airport did China Airlines fly from? Where was the destination of the cargo flight? What team from the Red Cross in Taiwan was scheduled to depart Taipei on May 16? Where was the destination of the cargo flight? What did the US share with Chinese authorities? Who did the United States share satellite images of the quake-stricken areas with? How many Chinese troops and medics were involved in the rescue effort? When did rescue groups from South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Russia, and Taiwan arrive to join the rescue effort? What did the US share with Chinese authorities about the quake? What were the US Air Force C-17s carrying? How many Chinese troops and medics were involved in the rescue effort? What was extensively used for passing information to aid rescue and recovery efforts? What did Xinhua set up in order to find the blind spots of disaster recovery? Why did Xinhua set up an online rescue request center? Where was the epicenter of the earthquake? What was extensively used for passing information to aid rescue and recovery efforts? Who set up an online rescue request center? Who proposed a landing spot for the rescue helicopters? What did volunteers set up websites to store for victims and evacuees? When did a rescue helicopter crash in Wenchuan county? What did China do to mark the first anniversary of the quake? What did the government open access to for three days? How long did the government allow access to the ruins of the Beichuan county seat? What did China do to mark the first anniversary of the quake? What will the ruins of the Beichuan county seat be frozen in time as? What did China do to raise money for the survivors of the quake? What did the frozen ruins of the Beichuan county seat remind people of? What did people donate after the earthquake? What accounts did people donate to after the earthquake? Where did people donate after the earthquake? What did people do after the earthquake? What was set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations after the earthquake? How did people donate blood after the earthquake? How much did the Chinese government allocate for earthquake relief? How many tents did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How much did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? Where did the Red Cross Society of China fly tents and quilts to? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide to homeless people? Who flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts to Wenchuan County? How much has the Amity Foundation earmarked for disaster relief? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide to homeless people? Who did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide 30,000 tents for? Who has earmarked US$143,000 for disaster relief? How many inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed in the Sichuan earthquake? What catch phrase have Chinese citizens invented to mock the quality and quantity of the inferior constructions that killed so many school children? What type of schoolrooms collapsed in the Sichuan earthquake? How many inadequately engineered schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What catch phrase have Chinese citizens invented to mock the quality and quantity of the inferior constructions that killed so many school children? What can illegal children be registered as for their dead siblings? What was the name of the program that was hosted by Bai Yansong? Who was the anchor of The Giving of Love? How much money was donated to The Giving of Love? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the earthquake in Hong Kong? What song was composed by Andy Lau? What was the name of the four-hour program hosted by Bai Yansong? How much was the donation of The Giving of Love worth? Who hosted the The Giving of Love? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the earthquake in Hong Kong? What song was composed by Andy Lau? What did a professor at Peking University say about China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? What did Myanmar blockade during Cyclone Nargis? What did a professor at Peking University say about China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? Who praised China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? What earthquake did China's previous performance compare to? What did the landslides cause to form behind the blockages? How many lakes were formed due to earthquake debris blocking and damming rivers? How many earthquake lakes were still a danger to the local people? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? What caused many rivers to become blocked? What did the landslides cause to form behind the blockages? How many lakes were formed due to earthquake debris blocking and damming rivers? How many villages were evacuated because of the flooding? Where was the most precarious of the quake-lakes located? How is Mount Tangjia accessible? What did the Mi-26T helicopter bring to the affected location? How many people were evacuated from Mianyang by June 1? Why were 200,000 people evacuated from Mianyang? What is the most precarious of the quake-lakes? Where is Mount Tangjia located? How many soldiers were on site at Mount Tangjia? Who declared a three-day period of national mourning for the quake victims? What did the State Council declare for the quake victims? Whose death is considered the biggest display of mourning? When did the State Council declare a three-day period of national mourning for the quake victims? What vehicles came to a halt on May 19, 2008? How long was the national mourning period for the quake victims? What was suspended for the duration of the mourning period? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? What did the Ningbo Organizing Committee suspend? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? What was scaled down during the mourning period? Where did the next leg of the Beijing Olympic torch relay begin? What color did many websites convert their home page to? What did Sina.com and Sohu remove from their homepages? What entertainment websites shut down? How did the crowds react to the silence in Tiananmen Square? What closed down in Macau? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? What has the principal of Sangzao Middle School been credited with? How many students died in the Sangzao Middle School earthquake? How much money did Ye Zhiping get from the county education department? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? What is the largest middle school in An County? What county is the Sangzao Middle School located in? How long did it take for Ye Zhiping to overhaul his school? Why did Chinese prosecutors join an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's earthquake? What was to be carried out at schools across China after the May earthquake? Who joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's devastating earthquake? What do Chinese prosecutors want to investigate? Where were safety checks to be carried out after the May earthquake? Who reported that Chinese prosecutors have joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's earthquake? What did the government ask parents to sign a document forbidding them from protesting? Who broke up the protests? Who is investigating the school collapses in Beijing and Sichuan? What did officials push parents to sign a document to do? What did the government ask parents to sign a document forbidding them from protesting? What happened to those who refused to sign the document? What were the Chinese news media ordered to stop reporting on? Who was detained for "disseminating rumors and destroying social order" about the Sichuan earthquake? What was Liu Shaokun's family told about his arrest? What was Liu Shaokun's occupation? What was Liu Shaokun being investigated for? How did Liu take photos of collapsed school buildings? How did Liu express his anger at the tofu-dregs buildings? How long was Liu ordered to serve? When did Tan Zuoren write an article in support of the pro-democracy movement? When was Tan Zuoren sentenced to prison? What did Tan Zuoren attempt to document that may have led to in schools? What did UNICEF report about China? What did foreign nations offer in response to the quake? On what date did UNICEF report that China requested the support of the international community? Who reported that China formally requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of the affected families? Why did foreign nations and organizations offer condolences and assistance to the affected families? How much did Yao Ming donate to the Red Cross Society of China? How much money did the Red Cross Society of China donate to the Houston Rockets center Yao Ming? How much had the Chinese public donated to the Red Cross Society of China by May 14? Who donated 10.7 billion yuan? Who is one of the country's most popular sports icons? How much money has the Red Cross Society of China collected? How did Francis Marcus describe the Chinese rescue effort? What did the Economist say China reacted to the earthquake with? How did Burma respond to Cyclone Nargis? How long did the Cyclone Nargis destroy Burma? Who praised the Chinese rescue effort? What did Mainland Chinese television stations replace their cancelled programmes with? Where did Mainland Chinese television stations replace their cancelled programmes with live earthquake footage? What happened to pay television channels after the quake? What country blocked aid during Cyclone Nargis? What caused the Chinese government to lose confidence in its response to the quake? What was the Chinese government initially praised for? What have parents accused local officials of doing in school construction? What did parents of children lost in Sichuan's collapsed schools complain they hadn't received as of July 17, 2008? What did censors discourage from being published in the media? Who has largely ignored the issue of child labour? Who instructed the state-controlled media to ignore the issue? Who reported that the state-controlled media largely ignored the issue? Why are shoddily constructed buildings called "tofu buildings?" What were steel rods replaced with? Who did not check the building to see if it met the national standards? Who has not been brought to justice? Who is seeking compensation and justice for the loss of their only child? What did the government warn parents not to stage a protest under? What newspaper reported that many parents were warned by the government not to stage a protest under the threat of arrest? What did many families lose? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? How many boroughs are in New York City? When were the boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island consolidated into a single city? What is the population of New York City? How many square miles is New York City? How many residents live in the Combined Statistical Area? How many boroughs are in New York City? What are the five boroughs of New York City? When were the boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island consolidated into a single city? What is the population of New York City? How many languages are spoken in New York? What was the name of New York City in 1626? New York City was founded as a trading post by colonists of what country? When did New York City cease to be the capital of the United States? When did New York City come under English control? When did New York City cease to be the capital of the United States? When was New York City founded as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic? When was New York City named New Amsterdam? When did New York City come under English control? When did New York City cease to be the capital of the United States? How many tourists visited New York in 2014? How many stations are in the New York City Subway? What is the Financial District of Lower New York City located in? How many colleges and universities are in New York City's higher education network? What are the two largest stock exchanges in the world? Along with Long Island, what island was split apart by the ice sheet during the Wisconsinan glaciation? During what era was New York City located at the edge of a large ice sheet? What was at the edge of New York City during the Wisconsinan glaciation? What was the name of the Lenape tribe's homeland? When did Giovanni da Verrazzano first visit New York Harbor? Who was the first documented European to visit New York Harbor? What was the name of da Verrazzano's ship? Who did da Verrazzano claim New York Harbor for? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano name the area he claimed for France? When did Giovanni da Verrazzano first visit New York Harbor? What was the name of da Verrazzano's ship? Who did da Verrazzano claim New York Harbor for? In what year did Estêvo Gomes arrive in New York Harbor? Who led the first scientific map to show the North American East coast continuously? What nationality was Estêvo Gomes? Who was Estêvo Gomes sailing for? What was the name of Gomes' caravel? What was the name of the Hudson River charted by Estêvo Gomes? What was the name of the first map to show the North American East coast continuously? Which English explorer re-discovered the area in 1609? Who was Henry Hudson's employer? In what year did the Netherlands claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? How many days did it take Hudson to explore New York Harbor? What was the name of the Hudson River? Who was Henry Hudson's employer? In what year did the Netherlands claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? Which English explorer re-discovered the area in 1609? Where was Juan Rodriguez born? What was Juan Rodriguez's Dutch name? What was Juan Rodriguez's occupation? What is the name of the street from 159th Street to 218th Street in Juan Rodriguez's honor? What season did Juan Rodriguez arrive in Manhattan? Who was the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? What is Juan Rodriguez Way? On what island was a Dutch fur trading settlement founded? On what island was a Fort Amsterdam built? When was construction started on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island? Who was the Dutch colonial Director-General in 1626? When was the island of Manhattan purchased from the Canarsie? When did a permanent European presence in the New Netherland begin? When was construction started on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island? What was Manhattan purchased for $24 worth of? What did the English rename New Amsterdam after the Duke of York? Who was the Duke of York? Who was the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland in 1664? What was Peter Stuyvesant's job title? When did Peter Stuyvesant surrender New Amsterdam to the English? Who was the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland in 1664? Who was the Prince of Orange? When did Anthonio Colve take over New York from England? What did Anthonio Colve rename the colony of New York from England? When did the Dutch return New York to England? Who was the Dutch captain that took over New York from England? From what country did Anthonio Colve take over New York? Who was the Prince of Orange? When did the English gain New Amsterdam in North America? What was the population of the Lenape in 1700? What Indonesian island did the Dutch control at the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War? What was the population of the Lenape in 1700? When did the English gain New Amsterdam in North America? How many households in New York held slaves by 1730? What city had the most slaveholders in New York in 1730? Where is the African Burying Ground located? What was the African Burying Ground built near Foley Square? What city had the most slaveholders in New York in 1730? When was the African Burying Ground discovered? When was John Peter Zenger trialed? Where was John Peter Zenger trialed? When was Columbia University founded? Who founded Columbia University? What was the name of Columbia University founded by King George II? Who was trialed in Manhattan in 1735? When was Columbia University founded? Where did the Stamp Act Congress meet in October 1765? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? Where was the Battle of Long Island fought? When was the Battle of Long Island fought? How many escaped slaves crowded into Brooklyn during the British occupation? When did the British forces evacuate Long Island? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? Where was the Battle of Long Island fought? When did the British forces evacuate Long Island? When did Benjamin Franklin and Lord Howe attempt to reach a peaceful solution to the war? Who was the British general on Staten Island in 1776? What caused a large conflagration on the West Side of Lower Manhattan? Where was the Great Fire of New York? What church was destroyed in the Great Fire of New York? Who was the British general on Staten Island in 1776? What caused a large conflagration on the West Side of Lower Manhattan? When did the Congress of the Confederation make New York the national capital? Who was the first President of the United States? Where was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? On what street was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? What city was the largest city in the United States by 1790? What assembly made New York the national capital in 1785? What did the Congress of the Confederation make New York in 1785? When was George Washington inaugurated? When did New York surpass Philadelphia as the largest city in the US? When was New York State's gradual abolition act? Where did a significant free-black population develop? Who founded the African Free School? When was slavery abolished in New York? How many blacks lived in Manhattan in 1840? When was New York State's gradual abolition act? When was slavery abolished in New York? What was the name of the plan that expanded the city street grid to encompass all of Manhattan? When was the Erie Canal completed? Who dominated local politics in the 19th century? Along with Germans, who supported Tammany Hall? When was the Erie Canal completed? What was the name of the first landscaped park in an American city? In what year did Central Park become the first landscaped park in an American city? What type of park was Central Park? What brought a large influx of Irish immigrants to New York? How many Irish immigrants were living in New York by 1860? How much of New York's population was Irish in 1860? How much of New York's population was German in 1860? What had disrupted societies in the German provinces? What brought a large influx of Irish immigrants to New York? How many Irish immigrants were living in New York by 1860? Who was the mayor of New York in 1861? How much did wealthy men have to pay to hire a substitute during the American Civil War? What was the ethnicity of the working class in the Draft Riots of 1863? How many people were killed in the Draft Riots? How many blacks lived in Manhattan in 1865? What did the rioters burn to the ground? When was the modern City of New York formed? When did the subway open? The County of New York included parts of what city? When did the subway open? When did the steamship General Slocum catch fire in the East River? How many people died on the steamship General Slocum? What was the city's worst industrial disaster? How many garment workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? What union did the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire spur? What was the city's worst industrial disaster? What was New York's non-white population in 1890? What was the era of Prohibition called? What was New York's non-white population in 1890? What city did New York overtake as the most populous urbanized area in the world in the 1920's? New York became the first what in human history? Who was the mayor of New York in the 1930s? How many years of political dominance did Tammany Hall have? New York became the first what in human history? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? What city was the center of the art world before New York? New York's rise in what art style precipitated the displacement of Paris as the center of the art world? What organization's headquarters was completed in 1952? Where did the Stonewall riots take place? Where is the Stonewall Inn located? When did the Stonewall riots take place? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? What was the cause of the Stonewall riots? Where did the Stonewall riots take place? In what year did New York's population reach all-time highs? In what year did New York's population reach all-time highs? What important new sector emerged in the city's economy? When did New York's crime rate increase? When did New York City suffer from economic problems and rising crime? When did New York City suffer from economic problems and rising crime? What plane was piloted into the North Tower of the World Trade Center? What was the name of the plane that crashed into the South Tower of the World Trade Center? How many firefighters were killed in the World Trade Center attacks? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How many meters tall is the spire of the One World Trade Center? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How many terrorists piloted American Airlines Flight 11 into the North Tower of the World Trade Center? What plane was piloted into the North Tower of the World Trade Center? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Where were the Occupy Wall Street protests held? In what city did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Where is Zuccotti Park located in Lower Manhattan? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Who founded The National Review? When was the National Review founded? Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 2016? Which presidential candidate ridiculed the liberalism of New York values in January 2016? What part of the United States is New York City located in? What part of New York State is the city located in? New York City is halfway between Washington, D.C. and what other city? What ocean does the Hudson River feed into? What river feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor? What river feeds into New York City's harbor? What ocean does the Hudson River feed into? What are the names of the three islands on which New York City is built? What US state does the Hudson River separate Manhattan from? What is the name of the tidal strait between the East and Hudson Rivers? What is the only entirely fresh water river in the city? Where does the Hudson River flow into? Where is the Bronx located? What US state does the Hudson River separate Manhattan from? What is the only entirely fresh water river in the city? What is the name of the tidal strait between the East and Hudson Rivers? What was the name of a development in the 1970s and 1980s that reclaimed land in Lower Manhattan? How many square miles is the city of New Haven? How many square miles of the city is water? How many square miles is land? What is the highest point on Staten Island? On what island is Todt Hill located? How many square miles is the city of New Haven? How many square miles of the city is water? How many square miles is land? What is the highest point on Staten Island? How many feet above sea level is Todt Hill? What is the name of the oldest saltbox style building in Brooklyn? Where is the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House located? What is the most expensive new office tower in the world? Where is Ground Zero located? What year is the oldest section of the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House in Brooklyn built? What is the most expensive new office tower in the world? How many high-rise buildings are in New York City? What is the world's second tallest building? How many completed high-rise buildings were at least 330 feet high as of 2011? When was the Woolworth Building built? How many of the 5,937 high-rise buildings in New York City are at least 330 feet high? What is the world's second tallest building? How many completed high-rise buildings were at least 330 feet high as of 2011? When was the Empire State Building built? What style of architecture was used in the Chrysler Building and Empire State Building? On what floor of the Chrysler Building are the eagles located? What is an influential example of the international style in the United States? Who awarded the Condé Nast Building for its design? What is the distinctive ornamentation on the corners of the 61st floor of the Chrysler Building? When was the Empire State Building built? When was the Chrysler Building built? Where is Riverdale located? Where is Ditmas Park located? Where is Douglaston located? When did the rapid expansion of New York City end? Along with the Tudor Revival, what is a common architectural style of single-family homes in New York City? Along with townhouses and shabby tenements, what type of houses define the character of New York's large residential districts? What event limited the use of wood frame houses? How many stories were the wooden roof-mounted water towers required to be installed on in the 1800s? Where were garden apartments popular in the 1920s? What were the city's building materials of choice after the Great Fire of 1835? What is a distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings? When did the United States Geological Survey update their analysis of seismic hazard? How many boroughs are independent cities? How many boroughs are in New York City? What are the four boroughs of New York City? What type of climate does New York City experience? How many days of sunshine does New York City get each year? How many hours of sunshine does New York City get per annum? What type of climate does New York City have? What is the coldest month in the Köppen climate classification? What type of climate does New York City experience? How many days of sunshine does New York City get each year? What plant hardiness zone does New York City fall under? What mountains shield Houston from colder air? What is the daily mean temperature in January? What is the average humidity level in the city? How many days a year do temperatures exceed 90 degrees? When was the record high of 106 degrees Fahrenheit? How many degrees Fahrenheit was recorded on July 9, 1936? In what year were extreme temperatures recorded in New Haven? In what year was it recorded as 106 degrees Fahrenheit? How many millimeters of precipitation does New York City receive each year? How many cm of snowfall did New York City get between 1981 and 2010? What was the date of Hurricane Sandy? How many inches of precipitation does New York City receive annually? What hurricane brought a destructive storm surge to New York City on October 29, 2012? What is the average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010? What is the name of the department that operates New York's park system? What is the name of the office that operates the city's park system? Who operates the lands of the City of New York? What city's park system is the most populous in the U.S.? What city was ranked as the second best park system among the 50 most populous U.S. cities? What city's park system is the most populous in the U.S.? How many ha is the Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres is the Gateway National Recreation Area? What is the name of the Fort that is located in the Gateway National Recreation Area? Along with Fort Tilden, what park is part of the Gateway National Recreation Area? What wildlife Refuge is located in Brooklyn and Queens? How many acres is the Gateway National Recreation Area? Who manages the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? What is another name for General Grant National Memorial? Where is the Stonewall Inn located? What is the Stonewall Inn the catalyst of? Who manages the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? In what state is the Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? In what state is the Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? What was the catalyst of the modern gay rights movement? What is another name for General Grant National Memorial? How many state parks are in New York City? How many acres is Riverbank State Park? How many meters high is Riverbank State Park? How many state parks are in New York City? How high does Riverbank State Park rise over the Hudson River? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in the city? How many ha is Pelham Bay Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in the city? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? What is the name of the U.S. military's only active duty installation in New York City? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where was Fort Hamilton established? What division of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is located at Fort Hamilton? What is the name of the U.S. military fort in New York City? What is the name of the U.S. military's only active duty installation in New York City? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where was Fort Hamilton established? Where is Fort Totten located? How many people live in New York City as of 2014? What is the second-most populous US city? How many people lived in New York City between April 2010 and July 2014? What percentage of New York City's population is New York City's? What percentage of New York City's population is New York City's? How many people live in New York City as of 2014? What is the second-most populous US city? What percentage of New York City's population is New York City? What was Manhattan's population density in 2014? How many people per square kilometers is Manhattan? What county is New Jersey located in? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was black in 2010? What constituted the fastest-growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of the city's population is Hispanic? How many non-Hispanic whites were there in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? When did the number of blacks decline over a decade? What constituted the fastest-growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of the city's population was black in 2010? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? Where was the term "melting pot" first used? Who constituted the largest immigrant group in 1900? What percentage of the city's population was white in 1940? What is the largest immigrant group in New Haven? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1924 and 18? How much of New York's population is foreign born? What is the largest source of foreign born individuals in New York? How many Bangladeshi immigrants lived in New York in 2013? What country is the largest source of foreign born people in New York? What percentage of New York's population is foreign born? What borough is home to the largest Asian American population in the US? What is the original name of Chinatown? In 2012, what percentage of New York City was Chinese? What borough is home to the largest Asian American population in the US? How much of New York City's population is Japanese? How many European and non-Hispanic whites live in New York City? How many Europeans live in Houston? How many Polish Americans live in New York City? How many Europeans live in New York City? Where are Albanian Americans most concentrated? How many European and non-Hispanic whites live in New York City? How many people live in the New York City metropolitan area? How many Jewish people live in New York City? How much of the nation's Indian Americans live in New York City? How many Hispanics live in New York City? How many established Chinatowns are in New York City? How many Puerto Ricans lived in New York City in 2013? What country is the top source of legal immigrants to New York City? Along with Ghana and Nigeria, what African country is a top source of legal immigrants to New York City? Along with Honduras and Guatemala, what country is a top source of legal immigrants to New York City? Along with Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil, what country is the top source of legal immigrants to New York City? How many gay and bisexual people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many days did same-sex marriages in New York begin? How many gay and bisexual people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many days did same-sex marriages in New York begin? What percentage of New Yorkers practice Christianity? What percentage of New Yorkers practice Catholicism? How many Jews live in New York City? Where do most Jews live in New York City? What is the third most popular religion in New York City? What is the most prevalent religion in New York City? What is the second most prevalent religion in New York City? Where do most Jews live in New York City? In 2014, what percentage of New Yorkers self-identified with no organized religious affiliation? What is the third most popular religion in New York City? What is the Gini Coefficient of New York City's income disparity? What is the Gini Coefficient for New York City's income disparity? Who was the mayor of New York City in 2013? What percentage of residents in 2014 were millionaires? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What city has a high degree of income disparity? What is the name of New York's broad-spectrum high technology sphere? What publication published the first Global Economic Power Index? What year did the Port of New York and New Jersey handle record cargo volume? In what year did New York City top the first Global Economic Power Index? How many private sector jobs are in New York City with a foreign company? What magazine ranked New York City as one of the best cities to attract foreign investment? What was the total value of all New York City property for the 2015 fiscal year? What was the market value of the Time Warner Center in 2006? How much did 450 Park Avenue cost per square foot in 2007? How much did the record-setting $1,476 per square foot for an American office building break? How many of the top ten zip codes in the US by median housing price are in Manhattan? What is the highest-listed market value in the city? What was the record-breaking office building sold for $1,476 per square foot in 2007? What is the name of New York City's advertising industry? How many people work in the fashion industry? How much money does the fashion industry pay its employees? What global advertising agency is based in Manhattan? How many people work in the fashion industry? What global advertising agencies are based in Manhattan? How many people work in the food processing industry in Brooklyn? How much does the food processing industry make in Brooklyn? Where is the garment industry showing a resurgence? How much does chocolate export to New York City each year? Where was the Chocolate District formed in 2014? Where is Godiva headquartered? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? What is one of the world's largest chocolatiers? How many jobs did the securities industry enumerate in August 2013? How many percent of the city's private sector jobs are in the securities industry? How much of the city's tax revenue is generated by the securities industry? What is the average salary of New York's securities industry? What percentage of the city's total wages are from the securities industry? What industry is the largest segment of the city's financial sector? On what street is the New York Stock Exchange located? Where is the NASDAQ located? How much did the investment banking fees on Wall Street total in 2012? What percentage of New York State's tax revenue is generated by Wall Street's securities industry? Who did NYSE Euronext take over the London interbank offered rate from? On what street is the New York Stock Exchange located? Where is the NASDAQ located? How many square meters of office space is in Manhattan? How many million square feet of office space is in Midtown Manhattan? How much office space is in Manhattan? Where is Silicon Alley located? Where is Verizon headquartered in Lower Manhattan? How much did Verizon pay for its fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade in 2014? How many employees are in the tech sector in New York City? How many employees are in the tech sector in New York City? What is the name of the graduate school Bloomberg chose to build on Roosevelt Island? How much did Cornell Tech cost to build? Where is Cornell Tech located? How much did Accelerator raise by mid-2014? How many square meters is the Alexandria Center for Life Science? What was the name of the graduate school that was built on Roosevelt Island? How many tourists visited New York City in 2011? How many tourists visited New York City in 2013? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? What was the economic impact of tourism for New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2013? What is the state song of New York? When was I Love New York first used? Who owns the I Love New York logo? What is the state song of New York? When was I Love New York first used? What is the state song of New York? Where is the Halloween Parade held? What store hosts the Thanksgiving Day Parade? Where is the New York Wheel located? What is the name of the free performance in Central Park? Where is the Unisphere located? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? How much did Manhattan's hotel rooms increase from 2013? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria in 2014? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group pay for the Waldorf Astoria? What was the world's most expensive hotel ever sold? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria in 2014? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group pay for the Waldorf Astoria? How many feature films are produced in New York City each year? How many people work in New York City for feature films? How much money is generated from direct expenditures in New York City? What city was the top North American city for location filming for television pilots in 2013? Along with Warner Music Group, what record label has its headquarters in New York? Where is the largest media market in North America? How many of the world's top eight global advertising agency networks have their headquarters in New York? How many people are employed by the publishing industry in New York? What newspaper has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? What is the name of the national daily newspaper in New York? When was the New York Daily News founded? Who founded The New York Post? How many newspapers have an office in New York? How many consumer magazines are in New York? How many newspapers have an office in New York? What are the names of the two national daily newspapers in the US? When was the New York Daily News founded? Along with ABC and NBC, what American broadcast network is based in New York? What is the name of the public broadcast service in New York City? What cable network is based in New York? What cable network is based in New York? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the United States? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the name of the city's major public television station? What is the largest public radio audience in the US? When did WNYC cease to be owned by the city? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the United States? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the largest public radio audience in the US? Who manages the New York City Public Schools? How many students attend New York City Public Schools? How many primary and secondary schools are in New York City? How many specialized high schools are in New York City? How many students attend New York City Public Schools? How many specialized high schools are in New York City? What assists with the setup of new charter schools? How many privately run secular and religious schools are in the city? How many students are enrolled in the City University of New York in 2014? What percentage of Manhattan residents were college graduates in 2005? What percentage of Manhattan residents had a postgraduate degree in 2014? How many institutions are in the CUNY system? How many students are enrolled in New York City's higher education institutions? Which library has the largest collection of any public library system in the US? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the name of the Brooklyn public library? The New York Public Library serves the Bronx, Staten Island, and what other city? What is the largest municipal healthcare system in the US? How many acute care hospitals does the HHC operate? How much is the annual revenue of the HHC? How many patients does the HHC serve? How many uninsured New York City residents are served by the HHC? When was the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation created? How many nursing homes does the HHC operate? What is the oldest public hospital in the US? Who is the president of HHC? What is the oldest public hospital in the US? What is the oldest public hospital in the US? Who is the president of HHC? Where is the Cook County health system located? What was Ramanathan Raju's previous position in the Cook County health system? How many sworn officers are in the NYPD? What is the nickname given to the NYPD's cars? What is the largest police force in the US? How many sworn officers are in the NYPD? What is the nickname given to the NYPD's cars? How many homicides were there in 2014? How much did violent crime in New York City decrease from 1993 to 2005? New York City's crime rate was similar to what other US city? When did New York City record fewer than 500 homicides? How many homicides were there in 2014? What percentage of all shooting victims in New York City were black or Hispanic in 2010? What were the first two groups of organized crime in New York City? Who dominated the Mafia in the 20th century? What was the name of the first organized crime group in New York City? What was the name of the gang that dominated the Mafia in the 20th century? What is the largest fire department in the world? What is the name of the largest fire department in the US? What is the FDNY's motto? What is the largest municipal fire department in the US? What is the largest fire department in the world? How many firefighters does the FDNY employ? How many uniformed EMTs and paramedics are employed by the New York City Fire Department? What is the FDNY's motto? What system is the largest in the world? Large parks and wooded areas in New York can give rise to what type of fire? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the FDNY headquarters? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the Bureau of Fire Communications office located in Brooklyn? When was New York a center of jazz? When was hip hop born in New York? What movement established the African-American literary canon in the United States? What genre of music was popular in New York in the 1940s? What was the birthplace of hip hop in the 1970s? What genre of music was born in New York in the 1970s? What is the dance capital of the world? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What is another name for abstract expressionism? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What organization ranked New York as the top fashion capital of the world? In what decade did Broadway musicals begin in New York City? How many art galleries are in New York City? On what street did the Broadway musical take place? Who was a notable immigrant to New York City? How many arts and cultural organizations are in New York City? What led to elaborate theater productions? What was the attendance of Broadway shows in 2013-2014? What is the major thoroughfare that crosses the Times Square Theater District sometimes referred to as? How much did Broadway shows sell in the 2013-2014 season? How much did the attendance increase from the 2012-2013 season? What was the attendance of Broadway shows in 2013-2014? How many people attended the 2012-2013 season? How many restaurants does the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene assign letter grades to? How many mobile food vendors are in New York City? How many restaurants does the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene assign letter grades to? Who assigns letter grades to New York's restaurants? How many of the finest and most diverse haute cuisine restaurants in the world are in New York City? When were the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What are the ten most expensive stadiums ever built in the world? What are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world? When were the Brooklyn Dodgers born? Along with the National Hockey League and the National Football League, what league is headquartered in New York City? How many professional leagues are there in New York City? How many major professional teams have been hosted in the city? New York has been called the capital of what sport? How many Major League Baseball World Series has New York had? New York has been called the capital of what sport? How many Major League Baseball teams are in New York City? How many Major League Baseball World Series has New York had? How many pennants have New York teams won? How many Major League Baseball teams are in New York City? How many World Series have two New York teams played each other? What is the name of the World Series in which two teams play each other in New York City? Where do the Giants and Jets play their home games? In what year did the MetLife Stadium host Super Bowl XLVIII? Along with the New York Jets, what team plays in the National Football League? Where do the Giants and Jets play their home games? Where is MetLife Stadium located? What Super Bowl did East Rutherford host in 2014? In what year did the MetLife Stadium host Super Bowl XLVIII? What two teams represent the city in the National Hockey League? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? What sport do the New York Islanders and New York Rangers play in? Along with the New York Rangers, what team represents the city in the National Hockey League? What are the names of the city's National Basketball Association teams? What is the name of the city's Women's National Basketball Association team? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held in New York? What is the name of the city's Women's National Basketball Association team? What was the first national college-level basketball championship held in New York in 1938? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held in New York? What is the name of the city's National Basketball Association team? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is the name of the track and field meet held in New York City? What is the name of the last, longest and oldest of horse racing's Triple Crown races? What two PGA Championships were held in New York City? Where are the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is one of the world's four Grand Slam tennis tournaments? How many finishers did the New York Marathon have in 2006? What is the name of the track and field meet held in New York City? Where are the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held? What is the street version of baseball called in the Bronx? What was the street in the Bronx renamed to in the late 2000s? Where was Stickball Boulevard renamed? What is the largest rapid transit system in the world? How many stations are in operation in the New York City Subway system? What is Grand Central Terminal popularly referred to as? How many passengers ride the New York City Subway in 2014? What is Grand Central Terminal popularly referred to as? How many minutes a day do New York City residents spend getting to work? What percentage of New Yorkers commute to work using mass transit? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What percentage of New Yorkers commute to work using mass transit? What percentage of commuters in the US drive automobiles to their workplace? How many minutes a day do New York City residents spend getting to work? What percentage of households in New York City do not have a car? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What is the busiest bus station in the world? How many buses does the Port Authority Bus Terminal serve? How many commuters does the Port Authority Bus Terminal serve daily? What is the busiest bus station in the world? What are the three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area? What is the fourth busiest airport in the US for international air passengers? What is the busiest airport in New York? Where is Stewart International Airport located? How many travelers used New York's three busiest airports in 2012? What is the world's busiest ferry route? How many hours a day does the Staten Island Ferry run? How many kilometers long is the Staten Island Ferry route? The Staten Island Ferry runs between Staten Island and what other city? How many passengers does the Staten Island Ferry carry? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is an icon of the city itself? When did the longest suspension bridge in the world open? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? The George Washington Bridge connects Manhattan to what county in New Jersey? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is the architectural style of the Brooklyn Bridge? When did the longest suspension bridge in the world open? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? When did the Holland Tunnel open? When was the Queens-Midtown Tunnel completed? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? How many vehicles does the Lincoln Tunnel carry a day? The Lincoln Tunnel carries 120,000 vehicles a day under what river? What island is linked to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey by tunnels? The Holland Tunnel connects Lower Manhattan to what city? Who was the first person to drive through the Hugh L. Carey Tunnel? How many daily cyclists live in New York City? How many daily cyclists live in New York City? How much of New York City's trips are made up of walk and bicycle modes? Who sponsored the introduction of 10,000 public bicycles for the city's bike-share project in the summer of 2013? Who conducted the research on New York City's bike-share project? What named New York City the most walkable large city in the US? What is the name of the watershed that provides New York City with drinking water? What watershed supplies New York City with drinking water? How much is the Croton Watershed undergoing construction of? How much water is being purified daily in the Croton Watershed? How much more water does the Croton Watershed provide to New York City? Where is the Croton Watershed located? How many members are on the New York City Council? How many consecutive term limits are there for the mayor and council members? How long are the terms for the mayor and council? How many members are on the New York City Council? How many consecutive term limits are there for the mayor and council members? What is the official journal of New York City? How many years are the mayor and council members elected? What party holds the majority of registered voters in New York City? What percentage of registered voters in New York City are Democrats? Who was the first presidential candidate of any party to receive more than 80% of the vote in 2012? When did President Calvin Coolidge win the boroughs? Who won the boroughs in 1924? What party holds the majority of public offices in New York City? What percentage of registered voters in New York City are Democrats? When did President Calvin Coolidge win the boroughs? How many boroughs did Calvin Coolidge win in 1924? What party has not carried a Democratic candidate in a statewide or presidential election? How many licensed physicians were practicing in New York City in 2012? Where is the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology located? How many Nobel laureates have roots in New York City? How many admissions do HHC's facilities provide each year? How many emergency room visits do HHC's facilities provide? How many clinic visits do HHC's facilities provide to New Yorkers each year? How many general hospital discharges do HHC facilities treat? How many emergency room and hospital-based clinic visits do HHC facilities treat? What is pollution from automobile exhaust known to lower intelligence and increase aggression levels? What epidemic ended in New York City? Who said "Culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather"? What library showcased a book titled New York, culture capital of the world, 1940-1965? What college describes New York as the cultural capital of the world? Along with Latvia and New York's Baruch College, what country's diplomatic consulates described New York as the cultural capital of the world? Where is the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? On what side of Manhattan is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? Where is the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute located? Where is the Tisch School of the Arts based? Where is the SummerStage held? What is the name of the section of Fifth Avenue that contains Museum Mile? What is the name of the Upper East Side of Fifth Avenue? When was the Guggenheim founded? When did the Museum at 110th Street open? On what side of Manhattan is Fifth Avenue located? What is another name for the New York dialect? What sitcom featured Archie Bunker? Who played Archie Bunker on All in the Family? What is the pronunciation of the city of New York? What is the name of the Major League Soccer team in New York City? Where do the New York City FC play their home games? Where is the Red Bull Arena located? Who is one of the world's most famous soccer players? Where is James M. Shuart Stadium located? How many of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area? How many rail lines does New York City have? How many stations are in New York City's commuter rail system? What is the name of the airport that the AirTrain people mover system connects to? Where is the Grand Central Terminal? What city is Pennsylvania Station on the West Side of? How many of the six rapid transit systems in the world which operate on 24-hour schedules are wholly or partly in New York? What is the name of the rapid transit system that serves Philadelphia? What is the name of the metro system that serves New York City? What is the name of the PATH train? What multibillion US$ heavy-rail transit project is under construction in New York City? How many yellow taxicabs are in the city? What island does the aerial tramway transport commuters to? Along with finance, advertising, and fashion, what is a national industry in New York City? Broadway, Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and Seventh Avenue are metonyms for what industry? Along with fashion and theater, what is a national industry in New York City? What is the name of a street in New York City that is also used as a metonym for national industries? During what time of the day can motorists be stranded for hours in traffic jams? What part of Connecticut is connected to New York City by expressways and parkways? What part of New Jersey do the expressways connect to? Queens and Brooklyn are located at the west end of what island? Where are Queens and Brooklyn located on Long Island? Along with Manhattan, what borough is coterminous with islands of the same name? The Manhattan Bridge, Throgs Neck Bridge, Triborough Bridge, and Verrazano-Narrows Bridge are examples of what type of architecture? What type of architecture is the Queensboro Bridge? How many hybrid taxis were in New York in 2010? How much of New York's taxi fleet is made up of clean diesel vehicles? How much did de Blasio commit to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions between 2014 and 2050? What is an example of an energy-efficient green office building? What Supreme Court case forced the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants? How many kilometers long is Newtown Creek? How many m3 of oil was spilled on Newtown Creek? What spilled oil spilled from Newtown Creek? What type of government does New York City have? When did New York City consolidate? What department of the New York Supreme Court is located in Brooklyn? What borough hosts the First Department of the Supreme Court? What type of agencies are the extrajudicial administrative courts? Where is the main courthouse of the Southern District of New York located? What is the name of the US district court based in Brooklyn? Where is the main courthouse of the Southern District of New York? What is the name of the US district court based in Brooklyn? Where is the main courthouse of the Southern District of New York located? Where are four of the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions? What is the top ZIP code on the Upper East Side? How many cents does Manhattan receive for every $1 it sends in taxes? How much more money does Manhattan send to the state of New York than it receives? How much more money does Manhattan send to the federal government each year than it receives back? What was the name of the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. in 2006? When was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. restructured? When was To Kill a Mockingbird published? What award did To Kill a Mockingbird win? Who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird? Who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird? When was To Kill a Mockingbird published? What are the characters of To Kill a Mockingbird loosely based on? Where is To Kill a Mockingbird widely taught? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird? What are the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird? Where does To Kill a Mockingbird address issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles? What is To Kill a Mockingbird often challenged for? Who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird? When did British librarians rank To Kill a Mockingbird as one "every adult should read before they die?" When was To Kill a Mockingbird made into an Oscar-winning film? When was a play based on To Kill a Mockingbird performed in Alabama? Who adapted To Kill a Mockingbird into an Oscar-winning film? What book did British librarians rank To Kill a Mockingbird as one "every adult should read before they die?" Who wrote the screenplay for To Kill a Mockingbird? Who adapted To Kill a Mockingbird into an Oscar-winning film? Where is a play based on To Kill a Mockingbird performed? When did Lee die? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? When was Go Set a Watchman published? When did Lee die? Who was Harper Lee's close friend? When did Harper Lee move to New York? What did Harper Lee work for British Overseas Airways Corporation? Where did Harper Lee grow up? When was Harper Lee born? Who was Harper Lee's close friend? What college did Harper Lee attend? Where did Harper Lee study law? Who bought Harper Lee's book? What was the name of the first draft of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? What was Therese von Hohoff Torrey's professional name? Who edited 'Go Set a Watchman'? What did Lee's mother suffer from? What was Lee's father's profession? Who died two years after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird? When was To Kill a Mockingbird published? How long did Lee spend writing To Kill a Mockingbird? Who chose to reprint To Kill a Mockingbird? Where is the story of Jean Louise Finch set? How many years did the Great Depression last? How many summers of friendship do Scout and Jem have with Dill? What is the name of the boy that Jem and Scout befriend? Where is the story of Jean Louise Finch set? What is the main character of the 'Boo' Radley'? Who is the main character of 'Boo' Radley'? Who was Tom Robinson accused of raping? Who was accused of raping a young white woman? Who shame the mob into dispersing? Who did Atticus not want to be present at Tom Robinson's trial? Where did Jem, Scout, and Dill watch the trial of Tom Robinson? Where did Jem, Scout, and Dill watch the trial of Tom Robinson? What happened to Tom Robinson when he tried to escape from prison? Who is attacked by Bob Ewell? After what event does Bob Ewell attack Jem and Scout? Who does Scout realize he is? Who is humiliated by the events of the trial? Who does Scout realize he is? Who discovers that Bob Ewell died? What did Atticus believe happened to Bob Ewell? What is To Kill a Mockingbird not? When did Amasa Coleman Lee defend two black men accused of murder? How old was Lee when her mother died? What was Lee's father's job in the Monroeville newspaper? Where did Dill live to Scout? In what year did Capote and Lee travel to Kansas to investigate multiple murders? What was the name of Capote's nonfiction novel? Who was the author of In Cold Blood? What did Lee and Capote use to write their stories? What did Capote call the two of them? How old was Lee when she was accused of raping him? What was the name of the black man who accused Lee of raping her? Who was a model for Tom Robinson? What is Emmett Till's death credited as a catalyst for? What did Lee say the Scottsboro case did? Who was a model for Tom Robinson? What does Tavernier-Courbin say Lee uses in a tragic story? What does Lee use to address complex issues? Where does Jem lock a Sunday school classmate with the furnace during a game of Shadrach? Who escorts Scout to her church? What is Scout's reaction to being in a ham costume? What costume saves Scout's life? What two genres have scholars characterized To Kill a Mockingbird as? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird? Who does Scout believe is the authority in the town? Who did Jem say to their neighbor the day after the trial? What does Scout struggle with? When was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? What was To Kill a Mockingbird primarily concerned with? What type of females did black males hint at sexual contact with in To Kill a Mockingbird? How many times was Tom killed in To Kill a Mockingbird? What did transgressions by black males that hints at sexual contact with white females often result in? Who juryed Tom Robinson's trial? How many times was Tom Robinson shot? What does Atticus shoot, even though it is not his job to do so? What must Atticus do when he shoots a rabid dog? Who chastises and punishes Walter Cunningham? Who is Atticus's sister? Who was Scout's classmate? What was Lee's aspiration in 1964? What did Austen and Lee value over social standing? What type of white trash did Lee attribute racial prejudice to? What issues did Lee demonstrate intensify prejudice? What did the children gain from Atticus' admonition? What addiction is Mrs. Dubose trying to break herself of? Who did Scout fight students who insult? What is the main theme of 'Bridge of Spies'? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? What lessons did Charles Shields say the novel's lessons remain fundamental and universal? Whose testimony exemplifies Atticus's compassion? Who is Scout's primary female model? Who is Scout's primary female model? Who chastises Scout for not wearing a dress and camisole? What is Scout becoming in the South? Who molested his daughter? Whose fathers are abusers in Atticus? Who has been exiled by society for taking a black woman as his common-law wife? What was Charles Lamb's title in To Kill a Mockingbird? What does Scout refuse to wear? What is a key motif in the novel? What is Lee's mother's last name? What is a key motif in the novel? What is a key motif in the novel? What is a key motif in the novel? What does Edwin Bruell say to kill a mockingbird? Where did Lee's book become widely available? Where did Lee's book become widely available? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird have been sold? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird have been sold? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? What was the name of the book that celebrities compiled their impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird as children and adults into? Who was Harper's sister? What was the name of the book that celebrities compiled their impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird as children and adults into? What was Atticus Finch's career? What was Atticus Finch's model for the legal profession? When did the Alabama State Bar erected a monument to Atticus in Monroeville? Who erected a monument to Atticus in 1997? What did Lee receive in 2008? When was To Kill a Mockingbird first used in classrooms? How many of the 100 most frequently challenged books were To Kill a Mockingbird? When was To Kill a Mockingbird first used in classrooms? How many of the 100 most frequently challenged books were To Kill a Mockingbird? In what year did a parent protest against the use of rape as a plot device? What did a parent protest about the book being used as a plot device? What did the letters expressing the most outrage complain about? Which book received the most complaints from private organizations? What was the book cited as a factor in the success of in the 1960s? What book is popularly implicated in the start of the US Civil War? What book is popularly implicated in the start of the US Civil War? Who was Truman Capote's biological father? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who was Truman Capote's sister? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who was Truman Capote's wife? In what year was To Kill a Mockingbird awarded the Pulitzer Prize? How many weeks was To Kill a Mockingbird on the bestseller list in 1961? When did Harper Lee win the Paperback of the Year award? When did Harper Lee turn down interviews? What award did To Kill a Mockingbird win in 1961? When did Harper Lee turn down interviews? When was Lee inducted into the Alabama Academy of Honor? How many communities chose To Kill a Mockingbird as the first title of the One City, One Book program? Where was To Kill a Mockingbird the first title of the One City, One Book program? Where was To Kill a Mockingbird the first title of the One City, One Book program? How many communities chose To Kill a Mockingbird as the first title of the One City, One Book program? Where was Lee awarded an honorary doctorate in 2006? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? When was Lee awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom? Where was Lee awarded an honorary doctorate in 2006? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? When was the book made into a film? Who played Atticus Finch? Who played Atticus Finch? What did Harper give Peck when he was awarded the Oscar for best actor? What was Peck's name? What did Harper give Peck? What was Peck's name? When did Lee make an uncharacteristic appearance at the Los Angeles Public Library? What did Veronique call Lee? Who adapted 'The Literary Capital of Alabama'? In what year did 'The Literary Capital of Alabama' debut? Where did 'The Literary Capital of Alabama' debut? Who makes up the cast of 'The Literary Capital of Alabama'? What is the audience in the production of 'The Literary Capital of Alabama'? Where did Sergel's play tour in 2006? Where did Sergel's play open in 2013? Who played Atticus Finch? When was an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird released? When was Go Set a Watchman completed? How many years after To Kill a Mockingbird was the draft of Go Set a Watchman released? Who discovered the Watchman manuscript? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? When was Go Set a Watchman completed? How many years after To Kill a Mockingbird was the draft of Go Set a Watchman released? What issues did To Kill a Mockingbird deal with? Who is the narrator's father? What is the strongest element of Lee's style noted by critics and reviewers? What narrative technique does Lee use to play intricately with perspectives? Who did Harper Lee say "Surely it is plain to the simplest intelligence that To Kill a Mockingbird spells out a code of honor and conduct, Christian in its ethic, that is the heritage of?" Where did the children feel safe in the first part of the novel? What did one writer describe the book as? What does Scout call people with good sense who do the best they can with what they have? What was the main focus of the second part of the novel? Who is the chief example of innocents destroyed carelessly or deliberately throughout the novel? Who did Christopher Metress connect the mockingbird to? What did Atticus think of Atticus? What does R.A. Dave claim the book takes on because every character has to face defeat? Who noted the even-handed approach to the narration of To Kill a Mockingbird? Who called the book "melodramatic and contrived"? Who was the author of 'Bridge of Spies'? Who did Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie compare Lee to? Who did Rosemary Goring note the connections between Lee and? Who criticized To Kill a Mockingbird in The Wall Street Journal? Who argued that To Kill a Mockingbird was not written to resolve issues about race, class, and society? Who is an updated version of the "contented slave" motif? Who found the novel demoralizing? What did Michael Lind say the novel indulges in classist stereotyping and demonization of? What does Diane McWhorter say every child in the South has moments of racial cognitive dissonance when they are faced with? How did Diane McWhorter describe Harper Lee's existence in the 1950s? How do people quote lines from 'Calpurnia's Cookbook'? What did local residents call the people who wanted to see Harper Lee's book? Where does solar energy come from? What is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed using a range of ever-evolving technologies? What technologies are used to harness solar energy? What is solar energy? How many terawatts of incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? How much of the Earth's solar radiation is reflected back to space? How many kWh/m2 per day do most people live in areas with insolation levels? How many terawatts of incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? How much of the Earth's solar radiation is reflected back to space? What is the insolation level of most people around the world live in? Where is the rest of the solar radiation absorbed? How much of the globe is covered by the oceans? What is the average temperature of the surface of the Earth? How do green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? How much of the globe is covered by the oceans? What causes atmospheric circulation or convection? When does water vapor condensation occur on the Earth's surface? What does the latent heat of water condensation do? How do green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? How much solar energy is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses per year? In 2002, how much more energy did the world use in one hour? How many EJ does photosynthesis capture per year in biomass? In 2002, how much more energy did the world use in one hour? How much solar energy is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses? How much energy does photosynthesis capture in biomass? What are the Earth's non-renewable resources? What do all renewable energies, other than geothermal and tidal, derive their energy from? What are solar technologies broadly characterized as? How are solar technologies characterized? Which two renewable energies derive their energy from the sun in a direct or indirect way? How do all renewable energies, other than geothermal and tidal, derive their energy from the sun? What type of solar techniques use photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, solar thermal collectors, pumps, and fans to convert sunlight into useful outputs? What type of solar techniques use materials with favorable thermal properties? What type of collectors are used to convert sunlight into useful outputs? What is a passive solar technique? What do active solar technologies do? What are passive solar technologies? Who built a small demonstration solar engine? When did Frank Shuman form the Sun Power Company? When did Shuman patent his entire solar engine system? Who was Frank Shuman? When did Frank Shuman build his first solar engine? What did the black pipes in the solar engine power? When did Frank Shuman form the Sun Power Company? When did Shuman patent his entire solar engine system? Where was the world's first solar thermal power station built? How many litres of water did the engine pump per minute? When did a new wave of interest in solar thermal energy arise? Where was the world's first solar thermal power station built? What did Shuman use to power his solar thermal power station? What river did Shuman pump water from? What discouraged the advancement of solar energy? When did a new wave of interest in solar thermal energy arise? What percentage of domestic hot water use can be provided by solar heating systems? What do solar hot water systems use to heat water? What does solar hot water systems provide in low geographical latitudes? What is the most common type of solar water heater? What is the most common type of solar water heater? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems? Who are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems? Who is the world leader in their deployment of solar hot water systems? How many homes in Israel and Cyprus use solar hot water systems? Which countries are the world leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? How much of the energy is used in residential buildings? What percentage of energy is used in commercial buildings in the United States? How much of the energy is used in residential buildings? What can be used to offset a portion of the energy used in residential buildings? What is the term for any material that can be used to store heat? What is thermal mass? What are some common thermal mass materials? How do thermal mass materials keep buildings cool? In what type of climate have thermal mass materials been used to keep buildings cool? What does thermal mass reduce the need for? What is a solar chimney? What is a solar chimney? What is a solar chimney? How can the performance of a solar chimney be improved? When do bare limbs of deciduous trees allow light to pass? What have been promoted as a means of controlling solar heating and cooling? How much of incident solar radiation do bare, leafless trees shade? Why should deciduous trees not be planted on the Equator facing side of a building? Which sides of a building can deciduous trees be used to provide a degree of summer shading? When was the simplest solar cooker built? What is the temperature of a typical reflector cooker? What do solar cookers use sunlight for? What are the three broad categories of solar cookers? Who built the simplest solar cooker? What is the typical temperature of a box cooker? What do reflector cookers require to function properly? How many parabolic dishes were used in the first commercial solar system? Why are transpired collectors more or less cost-effective than glazed collection systems? What are some solar concentrating technologies? What was the first commercial system to use solar concentrating technologies? What is one of the oldest applications of solar energy? What are examples of solar concentrating technologies? What are unglazed transpired collectors? When was a large-scale solar distillation project constructed in Las Salinas? What can be used to make saline or brackish water potable? Who was the first to use solar distillation to make saline or brackish water potable? When was a large-scale solar distillation project constructed in Las Salinas? How much water could a solar distillation plant produce per day? What type of still is used to make saline or brackish water potable? Who recommends solar water disinfection? What is the range of exposure times for SODIS? Why is solar water disinfection recommended by the World Health Organization? How many people use solar water disinfection? What can algae produce that make the water unusable? How is solar energy used in a water stabilisation pond? What can algae do that makes the water unusable? Solar power is anticipated to become the world's largest source of electricity by what year? Solar power is anticipated to become the world's largest source of electricity by what year? Where is the largest solar power plant in the world located? In what year did solar generate less than 1% of the worlds total grid electricity? What is the largest solar power plant in the world? Where is the largest solar power plant in the world located? What are the world's largest photovoltaic plants? Who constructed the first solar cell? When was the crystalline silicon solar cell created? What has happened to photovoltaics in the last two decades? What is a solar cell? Who constructed the first solar cell? Who developed the first solar cell? Who created the crystalline silicon solar cell in 1954? What is heated by the concentrated sunlight? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam? What is the concentrated heat used for? What is the name of the concentrating solar power system? What is used to track the Sun and focus light? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What is a common feature of passive solar architecture? What can passive solar architecture produce when they are tailored to the local climate and environment? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What active solar equipment can complement passive solar design and improve system performance? What does UHI stand for? How many degrees Celsius would a hypothetical "cool communities" program in Los Angeles reduce urban temperatures by? What does UHI stand for? What materials are used to absorb the solar light? What are two ways to counteract the UHI effect? What did French and English farmers use to maximize the collection of solar energy? What do vinters use the energy generated by solar panels to do? Why does agriculture and horticulture seek to optimize the capture of solar energy? What techniques can improve crop yields? What did French and English farmers use to maximize the collection of solar energy? Why were fruit walls used in the Little Ice Age? When were primitive greenhouses first used? When were the first modern greenhouses built in Europe? What do greenhouses do? What are the benefits of a greenhouse? What were primitive greenhouses first used for? Where were the first greenhouses built? What is the name of the biannual solar-powered car race in Australia? What was the World Solar Challenge winner's average speed in 2007? What is the World Solar Challenge? When was the World Solar Challenge founded? What was the average speed of the World Solar Challenge in 1987? What was the World Solar Challenge winner's average speed in 2007? Which two competitions reflect an international interest in the engineering and development of solar powered vehicles? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? Who made the first solar powered crossing of the Pacific Ocean? What was the first solar powered crossing of the Atlantic Ocean? How many feet did the Solar Riser reach in 1979? What is the name of the electric aircraft that is circumnavigating the globe? When did the AstroFlight Sunrise plane make the first solar flight? When did the Solar Riser make the first solar flight? When did the Solar Challenger cross the English Channel? Where did Eric Scott Raymond fly in 1990? How long does the Solar Impulse remain airborne? What is a feasible alternative to carbon-based fuels? What uses solar energy to drive chemical reactions? How can a variety of fuels be produced? What is the name of the thermochemical process that uses a 1 MW solar furnace to decompose zinc oxide? What does the Solzinc process produce? What has been a significant area of solar chemical research since the 1970s? What is one thermochemical process that has been explored? What process uses a 1 MW solar furnace to decompose zinc oxide? What can thermal mass systems store solar energy in the form of? What can store solar energy in the form of heat? What materials are used in thermal storage systems? What do well-designed thermal storage systems do? Paraffin wax and Glauber's salt are what type of storage media? What was the first house to use Glauber's salt heating system? What are two phase change materials? What are the domestic useful temperatures of paraffin wax and Glauber's salt? What was the first house to use Glauber's salt heating system? Why are salts an effective storage medium? How much energy did the Solar Two store? What have off-grid PV systems traditionally used to store excess electricity? What have off-grid PV systems traditionally used to store excess electricity? What gives household systems a credit for any electricity they deliver to the grid? How is the credit for electricity delivered to the grid handled? What makes a second meter unnecessary? What is a pumped-storage hydroelectricity used for? What does pumped-storage hydroelectricity store energy in the form of? How is energy recovered when demand is high? When was the oil embargo? What caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world? What are two incentive programs that focused on developing solar technologies? What research facility was formed in the US? What was the name of the research facility in Japan? What is the name of the research facility in Germany? When did commercial solar water heaters stop being used in the US? What has been the growth rate of solar water heating since 1999? When did commercial solar water heaters begin appearing in the US? Why did interest in solar water heating decrease in the 1980s? What is the growth rate of solar water heating per year since 1999? What is the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling? Who has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? Who has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? What does ISO 9050 refer to? What does ISO 10217 relate to? What standard relates to glass in building? What standard relates to the materials used in solar water heaters? What are the two types of solar technologies? What are some active solar techniques? What is a passive solar technique? What was the total world energy consumption in 2012? What was the annual potential of solar energy according to the United Nations Development Programme in 2000? What makes solar a highly appealing source of electricity? Who found the potential of solar energy to be 1.575-49,837 exajoules? How will clean solar energy increase countries' energy security? What will the development of clean solar energy technologies lower? What should the additional costs of the incentives for early deployment be considered? What will the development of clean solar energy technologies do? What factors limit the amount of solar energy that humans can acquire? Why does geography affect solar energy potential? What can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas farther from the equator? Why does time variation affect the potential of solar energy? Why does cloud cover affect the potential of solar energy? Why does land availability have a large effect on solar energy? Why have roofs been found to be a suitable place for solar cells? What factors were taken into account in the estimate of solar energy that could be used by humans each year? What is the global potential of solar energy? What is solar power? How does solar power convert sunlight into electricity? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam? What do CSP systems do? What does PV use to convert light into electric current? What has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history? Who first used advanced solar architecture and urban planning methods? What did the Greeks and Chinese do with their buildings to provide light and warmth? What is a solar balloon? What happens when sunlight shines on a solar balloon? What market is solar balloon use limited to? Why is the use of solar balloons limited to the toy market? Why did solar technologies begin in the 1860s? Why did solar technologies stagnate in the early 20th century? By what year did the International Energy Agency say solar energy could provide a third of the world's energy? What could the energy from the sun do? What empires ruled Tajikistan? What religions ruled Tajikistan? What was the name of the city of the Neolithic and Bronze Age? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? How long was the civil war in Tajikistan? What religions ruled Tajikistan? What empires ruled Tajikistan? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? How long was the civil war in Tajikistan? When did Tajiks begin to be conscripted into the Soviet Army? How many Tajiks fought in World War II? How many Tajik citizens were killed in World War II? What areas of Tajikistan lag behind the other Soviet Republics? How were factions in Tajikistan distinguished from each other? What did the ceasefire guarantee? Who won Tajikistan's 1992 presidential election? Why did residents flee to Tajikistan? Who was stationed along the Tajik-Afghan border until summer 2005? Where have French troops been stationed since the 9/11 attacks? Where is the Ayni Air Base located? Why do the US and Marine Corps visit Tajikistan? How many Tajik soldiers were killed in an ambush in the Rasht Valley? In what year did Russia send more troops to Tajikistan? When was the military operation in the Rasht Valley concluded? What were Tajik officials concerned about in 2010? What type of government is Tajikistan? Who is the Prime Minister of Tajikistan? Who are the two Deputy Prime Ministers? When did Emomalii Rahmon become President of Tajikistan? What is the dominant-party system of Tajikistan? How is the press accessed in Burma? How is public criticism of the regime tolerated? What happens to protests? What are some of the websites blocked by the Institute for War & Peace Reporting? What is the smallest nation in Central Asia by area? What mountain range is Tajikistan covered by? Where is Dushanbe located? Where does Tajikistan lie? What are the only major areas of lower land in Tajikistan? What is Tajik most likely the name of? What does Tajikistan mean? What is the suffix -stan Persian for? Why is it difficult to state the origins of the word Tajikistan? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese control Transoxania? Who controlled the region in 710? What empire restored Persian control of the region? What was the region of Iran called after the Samanid Empire enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese control Transoxania? Who controlled the region in 710? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese control Transoxania? What empire restored Persian control of the region? Who controlled the region in 710? What empire restored Persian control of the region? What was the region of Iran called after the Samanid Empire enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara? What was the region of Iran called after the Samanid Empire enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara? When did the Tibetan empire and Chinese control Transoxania? When did the Umayyads take over the region? Who conquered Transoxania? Who restored Persian control of the region? When did the Russian Empire conquer Central Asia? Who controlled the Tajikistan portion of Russian Turkestan? What was Russia interested in? What did Russia do between 1864 and 1885? Who ruled Tajikistan in 1885? What did the Jadidists establish themselves as? Who viewed the Jadidists as a threat? When were the uprisings against the Khanate of Kokand? Why did demonstrators attack Russian soldiers in Khujand? Who waged a war against the Bolsheviks? What was the purpose of the war? Who prevailed after a four-year war? What religions were discouraged and repressed by the Soviets? What was created as a part of Uzbekistan in 1924? Where did collectivization of agriculture take place? What happened between 1927 and 1934? What occurred throughout Tajikistan between 1927 and 1934? Who directed the two rounds of Soviet purges? How many people were expelled from the Communist Party of Tajikistan? Who was sent in to replace those expelled from the Communist Party of Tajikistan? What happened to the proportion of Russians in Tajikistan between 1926 and 1959? What position did Russians hold in the Communist Party of Tajikistan? How many seats did the PDPT lose in 2010? What did the parliamentary elections of 2005 aroused? What did the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe say about the 2010 elections? What did the government say about the 2010 elections? Where is Tajikistan located? How many people lived in Tajikistan in 2013? How large is Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the east? What is the name of the narrow corridor that separates Pakistan from Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the east? How many people lived in Tajikistan in 2013? How large is Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? What country borders Tajikistan to the west? What was the earliest recorded history of the region? What empire was most of modern Tajikistan part of in 500 BCE? Who conquered Northern Tajikistan? What tribes ruled the Kushan Empire? When did Arabs bring Islam to the region? What was the name of the nomadic tribes that moved into the region? What religions were practiced in the region in the 4th century CE? How much did Tajikistan's GDP expand after the war? What are the primary sources of income in Tajikistan? How much of Tajikistan's agricultural output does cotton account for? What is the name of the biggest aluminium plant in Central Asia? Who has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports? What type of potential do the Vakhsh and Panj have? What is the highest dam in the world? What is the name of the CASA 1000 project? How much does the population of Tajikistan live on? How much did remittances from Tajik labour migrants total in 2010? How has Tajikistan achieved transition from a planned to a market economy? What has been unprecedented in the magnitude and economic impact of migration from Tajikistan? What is raised in Tajikistan for the domestic market? How is the fight against drug-trafficking progressing? What does Tajikistan hold third place in the world for? What is UNODC working with Tajikistan to do? How is Tajikistan transportation? Which two countries has Tajikistan pursued agreements with to gain port access? Who signed an agreement in 2009 to connect the three countries to Pakistan's ports? When did Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran sign an agreement to construct roads and railways? How many airports were in Tajikistan in 2009? What is the main airport in Tajikistan? In April 2015, Dushanbe International Airport had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in what country? What is the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country? What is the population of Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is under the age of 30? What percentage of Tajiks are between the ages of 14 and 30? What is the main language of Tajikistan? What are all citizens of Tajikistan called? Who are distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks? How are the Pamiri different from most Tajiks? Where are the Pamiris located? What school has been recognized by the government since 2009? What does Tajikistan consider itself to be? What are the two state holidays in Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is Muslim? What are mainstream Muslim leaders concerned about? What is there a concern about in Tajikistan? What is the name of the militant Islamic party in Tajikistan? What is the goal of Hizb ut-Tahrir? Who must religious communities register by law? What does registration with the SCRA require? What are religious groups not allowed to gather publicly for prayer? What can happen if a religious group does not register? What has the Tajik government been trying to improve in regards to health care? How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan? Public expenditure on health was at what percentage of Tajikistan's GDP in 2004? What document describes activities to support disabled people in Tajikistan? How long is public education in Tajikistan? What is the government planning to implement in 2016? What is the name of the tertiary education institution in Tajikistan? What was the tertiary education enrollment in Tajikistan in 2008? What is anthropology the study of? What type of anthropology is linguistic anthropology? What investigates the influence of language in social life? What type of anthropology concerns long-term development of the human organism? Where is archaeology thought of as a branch of anthropology? When was the Anthropological Society of Vienna founded? When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded? When was the American Anthropological Association founded? When was the Anthropological Society of Madrid founded? What did Rudolph Virchow believe Darwin's conclusions lacked? What was there a proliferation of during the last three decades of the 19th century? What type of membership did anthropological societies and associations have? Who supported the gradual osmosis of anthropology curricula? How many educational institutions in 13 countries had some curriculum in anthropology? How many countries had anthropology curricula in 1898? When was the work of Franz Boas and Bronisaw Malinowski? What did Margaret Mead advocate for? What has social anthropology in the US been distinguished from other social sciences by its emphasis on? What did Boas argue against? What has cultural anthropology emphasized? What disciplines are in anthropology? What is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? What type of discipline is anthropology? Where did anthropology originate? What new interdisciplinary fields has anthropology been central in the development of? Sociocultural anthropology has been heavily influenced by what two theories? When was there an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions? What enduring questions came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology? Which two sub-fields of anthropology remained largely positivist? What have the four sub-fields of anthropology lacked over the last several decades? What draws together the principle axes of cultural and social anthropology? What type of anthropology is the study of the relationships among people and groups? What does social anthropology help develop understanding of? What type of distinction is there between social and cultural anthropology? What is the comparative study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them? What is inquiry in sociocultural anthropology guided in part by? What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research? What is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology? What type of point of view does participant-observation help to understand a culture from? What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderate? What type of anthropology studies kinship and social organization? What patterns does sociocultural anthropology study? What is a human universal? What is the object of linguistic anthropology? What is the main focus of sociocultural anthropology? What is the study of the human past through its material remains? What patterns do archaeologists deduce from the material remains of past societies? Who is presumed to have lived in similar ways? How are past human groups presumed to have lived? Artifacts, faunal remains, and human altered landscapes are evidence of what? What is another name for linguistics? Linguistic anthropology links the analysis of linguistic forms and processes to what? What is the branch of anthropology that brings linguistic methods to bear on anthropological problems? What fields do linguistic anthropologists often draw on? What is one of the central problems in the anthropology of? What do the Western categories of 'painting','sculpture', or 'literature' do? What do anthropologists of art focus on in objects without being 'artistic'? When was Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' published? What did Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' transform the anthropology of art into? Who was the first to use Ethnology? When did Étienne Serres use the term Ethnology to describe the natural history of man? When did Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau create a chair in anthropology and ethnography? Where was the National Museum of Natural History located? What was the first organization to use Ethnology? What type of methods were used in the 19th century? What were theorists beginning to suspect between animals, languages, and folkways? What were theorists beginning to suspect that similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of? What did Charles Darwin call the publication of On the Origin of Species? How did Darwin arrive at his conclusions? When did Darwin and Wallace unveil evolution? What was the immediate rush to do when Darwin and Wallace unveiled evolution? Where was Paul Broca from? What society did Paul Broca break away from? What was the French term for evolutionism? What was Broca's profession? What did Broca take an interest in? What part of the human brain did Broca discover? What did Theodor Waitz specialize in? How many volumes did Theodor Waitz's work have? What did Waitz define anthropology as? What was Waitz's definition of anthropology? What would anthropology differ from other fields? What type of data must be gathered by experimentation? Along with ethnology, what is to be brought into anthropology? Who was Waitz influential among? When did Burton and Hunt break away from the Ethnological Society of London? What did the Anthropological Society of London follow? The Anthropological Society of London was the 2nd society dedicated to general anthropology in existence. Who was influential among the British ethnologists? Where are anthropology departments found? Anthropology has diversified from a few major what? What type of anthropology is the use of anthropological knowledge and technique to solve specific problems? What does a forensic archaeologist do? How many nations are members of the World Council of Anthropological Associations? What is another name for anthropology of media? Media anthropology emphasizes what type of studies? Radio, the press, new media and television have started to make their presences felt since what decade? What does media anthropology follow audiences in their everyday responses to media? What is a relatively new area of internet anthropology? What type of anthropology is concerned with the study and production of ethnographic photography, film and new media? What does visual anthropology study? What cultures are included in the study of visual anthropology? What is the term visual anthropology sometimes used interchangeably with? What type of anthropology attempts to explain human economic behavior in its widest historical, geographic and cultural scope? What three areas does economic anthropology attempt to explain human economic behavior? Economic anthropology has a complex relationship with what discipline? Who was the founder of Anthropology? What did Malinowski and Mauss focus on as an alternative to market exchange? Political Economy in anthropology applies the theories and methods of Historical Materialism to what? What did Political Economy introduce to ahistorical anthropological theories of social structure and culture? What did Sahlins work on as the 'original affluent society'? What did Political Economy concern the vast majority of in the world at the time? Political Economists have more directly addressed issues of what around the world? What is the practical side of anthropology? What does Applied Anthropology produce in cultural systems? What type of action does Applied Anthropology initiate? What is applied anthropology? Where does researcher involvement and activism occur? What type of perspective does Anthropology of development tend to view development from? What do the issues addressed and implications for the Anthropology of Development involve? If a key development goal is to alleviate poverty, is poverty increasing or decreasing? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? What happens to planned development? What can refer to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures? What discipline has developed a number of related concepts and terms? How long has anthropology developed a number of related concepts and terms? What is descent? What is one way that kinship can be considered? What type of anthropology seeks to reduce male bias? What does Feminist anthropology seek to reduce? What do feminist anthropologists claim their research helps to correct in mainstream feminist theory? Feminist anthropologists are centrally concerned with the construction of what across societies? What is a specialization of feminist anthropology? What type of anthropology deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security? Nutritional anthropology deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and what? What historical and economic trend is dietary anthropology connected to? What affects overall health status, work performance potential, and the overall potential for economic development for any given group of people? Nutritional anthropology deals with the interplay between nutritional status, nutritional status and food security, and what other system? What type of anthropology studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes? What is the focus of psychological anthropology? What does a cultural group have that shapes human cognition, emotion, perception, motivation, and mental health? What does Psychological anthropology focus on? What type of motivation informs or constrains our models of cultural and social processes? What type of anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation, and transmission over time and space? Experimental psychology and evolutionary biology are examples of what? What two cognitive sciences are used in cognitive anthropology? What type of knowledge does cognitive anthropology focus on? What type of anthropology concerns the structure of political systems? What does political anthropology look at from the basis of? When did political anthropology begin? What type of social settings did anthropologists begin to study? Who wrote 'Negara'? What anthropology group originated as a sub-focus group within the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting in 1993? When was cyborg anthropology formed? Along with STS, what group was closely related to cyborg anthropology? Who wrote the Cyborg Manifesto? What does cyborg anthropology study? What type of anthropology takes an active role in examining the relationships between humans and their environment across space and time? What is the contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology? What do many characterize the new perspective of environmental anthropology as more informed with? What type of exploitation and damage of land is the focus of environmental anthropology? Who did Melissa Checker have a relationship with? How is ethnohistory studied? What type of groups does ethnohistory study? What does Ethnohistory use both historical and ethnographic data as? What do Ethnohistory methods go beyond? Who recognizes the utility of source material? What type of anthropology is concerned with issues of urbanization, poverty, and neoliberalism? Who said that traditional anthropologists were "a notoriously agoraphobic lot, anti-urban by definition"? How did Ulf Hannerz describe traditional anthropologists? How many principle approaches are there in urban anthropology? What does urban anthropology examine within the cities? What is another name for anthrozoology? What is the study of interaction between living things called? Anthrozoology overlaps with what disciplines? What type of effects does anthrozoologic research quantify? What fields of study are included in anthrozoologic research? What is the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of human physiology and human behaviour? Where is evolutionary anthropology based? What is Evolutionary anthropology concerned with? What type of approach is Evolutionary anthropology based on? How much evidence does Evolutionary anthropology draw on? What commitments in anthropology include noticing and documenting genocide, infanticide, racism, mutilation, and torture? What is an example of an ethical commitment in anthropology? What topics attract anthropological attention? What type of sacrifice does anthropology believe is the cause of Man's inhumanity to man? What does an anthropological study of racism illustrate? What were many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries doing in the 1940s? What were the "Axis"? Where did many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries serve? What did Boas' anthropologist contemporaries work in? Why did David H. Price dismiss anthropologists from their jobs during the Cold War? Professional anthropological bodies often object to the use of anthropology for the benefit of what? What type of briefings are anthropologists forbidden from giving? What has the ASA called ethically dangerous? What organization's Statement of Professional Responsibility states that no secret research, reports or debriefings of any kind should be agreed to or given? What should no secret reports or debriefings of any kind be agreed to or done? Who are anthropologists working with in Afghanistan? What are anthropologists working with the US military as part of? What does the Christian Science Monitor say efforts focus on better grasping and meeting local needs in Afghanistan? Where are HTS teams working with the US military? What does CEAUSSIC suggest that the AAA emphasize the incompatibility of HTS with? What type of anthropologists are interested in human variation? Biological anthropologists are interested in the possibility of what? What do anthropologists do when they travel to a community in its own setting? Where do anthropologists go to do "fieldwork"? What type of study does anthropologists use? What do anthropologists divide the world into? What are the Paleolithic and the Neolithic divided up into? Mousterian and Levalloisian are examples of what type of cultural subdivisions? Along with anthropologists, who shares approaches to Culture regions? What have anthropologists developed as a central part of their science? What do some authors argue anthropology originated and developed as the study of? What is another term for past societies? What type of cultures are studied in anthropology? Who wrote Exploring the City: Inquiries Toward an Urban Anthropology? When did anthropologists begin to look for other cultures? What has it become common for social and cultural anthropologists to do since the 1980s? What do social and cultural anthropologists often limit their research to? What has there been a shift toward broadening the focus of ethnographic research beyond? Along with social movements, governmental and nongovernmental organizations and businesses, what is an example of a setting where research is set? What type of research has it become common for social and cultural anthropologists to set in the North Atlantic region? What happened to Joseph I in 1758? Who were implicated in the attempted assassination of Joseph I? Who was expelled from Brazil? When did Joseph I make his loyal minister Count of Oeiras? What did Sebastio de Melo do to the people involved in the attempted assassination of Joseph I? In what year was the Count of Oeiras made the "Marquis of Pombal"? How long did the Count of Oeiras rule Portugal? What was Pombal's enlightenment primarily a mechanism for enhancing? What did the new Count of Oeiras do after the Távora affair? What was the purpose of Pombal's enlightenment? Who occupied Portugal? When did Portugal gain independence from Brazil? What was Portugal's largest colonial possession? What was the name of the pluricontinental state formed by Portugal? How long did the decline of Portugal last? Who invaded Portugal in 1815? How long did the King of Portugal remain in Brazil? Where did the Liberal Revolution of 1820 begin? When did the French Invasion of Portugal end? What caused Brazil's administrative, civic, economical, military, and scientific apparatus to be expanded and modernized? When did railway tracks start to be built in Portuguese Africa? When was the Conference of Berlin? What competition enticed the Portuguese to establish their borders on the continent? Why were Portuguese Africa territories formally established? What new coastal towns were founded in the 20th century? When were the king Dom Carlos I of Portugal and his heir apparent murdered? When was Portugal declared bankrupt? Who became the new king of Portugal? When was Manuel II of Portugal overthrown? What were fertile grounds for chaos and unrest during the Portuguese First Republic? Who established the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo? When was the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo established? How many European countries were neutral in World War II? What was one of the main goals of the new economic development projects? What international organizations is Portugal a member of? What type of government does Portugal have? What is Portugal's world ranking for Social Progress? What other Western European countries have higher Social Progress than Portugal? What is Portugal known for? What was Pelayos' plan? Who did Pelayos want to protect the Cantabrian mountains from? What battle did the Moors defeat in 722 AD? When was the Battle of Covadonga? What was the war of Christian reconquest known as in Portuguese? Why was the Kingdom of Asturias divided into a number of Christian Kingdoms in Northern Spain? Who knighted Vimara Peres? When was Vimara Peres knighted? Who was Vimara Peres knighted as? What did Vimara Peres become known as? What did the people of County of Portugal struggle to do? What was established after the County of Portugal separated from the Kingdom of Galicia? What were the people of County of Portugal known as? What was the Castilian Language known as? What replaced the Astur-Leonese Language? Who was de Melo's second marriage to? Who was the 1st Marquis of Pombal? Who was Maria Anne Josefa? Who was Maria Anne Josefa? Who recalled Melo to Portugal in 1749? What was the new city centre designed to resist? How were the effects of an earthquake simulated? What was the result of the calamity and death toll? What still remain as one of Lisbon's tourist attractions? How did Sebastio de Melo contribute to the study of seismology? What is Portugal's official name? Where is Portugal located? What ocean borders Portugal to the west and south? How long is the border between Spain and Portugal? What are the two Atlantic archipelagos of Portugal? What is Portugal's official name? Where is Portugal located? Which country borders Portugal to the north and east? What ocean borders Portugal to the west and south? What is the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union? Who fought over the land within the borders of current Portugal? Which two peoples were followed by the Celts and Romans? When did Portugal establish itself as a kingdom independent from León? What was the name of the pioneering period in the 15th and 16th centuries? In what centuries did Portugal establish the first global empire? Which Portuguese colony was destroyed in a 1755 earthquake? When did Brazil become independent? When was the Portuguese First Republic established? Which Portuguese colony was handed over to China in 1999? How many Portuguese speakers speak Portuguese today? What is the Romano-Celtic name for Portugal? Who settled the region of Portugal? What peoples did the name Portugal give origin to? When was Portugal incorporated in the Roman Republic dominions? What is the old Germanic word for Alenquer? When did Lusitania become a Roman province? What was the northern province of Lusitania called? What are two of the largest Roman settlements in Portugal? What are castros? How far is Conmbriga from Coimbra? How long did it take the Visigoths to defeat the Umayyad Caliphate? When did the Umayyad Caliphate begin expanding in the peninsula? When did the Umayyad Caliphate's empire collapse? Who established the Emirate of Córdoba? How long did the Emirate of Córdoba last? What did the governors of the taifas each proclaim themselves? Who did the governors of the taifas establish diplomatic relations with? Who controlled most of Portugal during the Aftasid dynasty? When did the Almoravids win a decisive victory at the Battle of Sagrajas? What battle did the Almoravids win in 1086? What were native Iberian converts to Islam called? Who were the Arabs? Where were the Berbers originally from? Where did the Muslim population stay in Portugal? How many words are in the Portuguese language of Arabic origin? What was the name of the eldest son of Alfonso? What was the name of the second son of Alfonso? What was the name of the third son of Alfonso? When did Alfonso die? When was Asturias incorporated into the Kingdom of Castile? When was the Black Death? Who did Portugal make an alliance with in 1373? What was the longest-standing alliance in the world? What is the alliance between England and Portugal regarded as the predecessor to? Where is there visible English influence to this day? What was the name of the period during which Portugal explored the world? Who was Prince Henry the Navigator's father? What are some Atlantic archipelagos that Portugal discovered? What was the name of the eastern route Portugal discovered to India? What country did Portugal discover during the Age of Discovery? How did the King's confidence in de Melo change? What was Sebastio de Melo's job title? Whose economic success influenced de Melo's appointment as Prime Minister? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? What were Sebastio de Melo's greatest reforms? Why did Sebastio de Melo demarcate the region for production of Port? Who despised Sebastio de Melo as a social upstart? Who created companies and guilds to regulate every commercial activity? Who did Sebastio de Melo impose strict law on? When did the Carnation Revolution take place? What was the Carnation Revolution? What was the PREC period characterized by? What was the name of the country's government until 1976? What party won the legislative election in 1976? Who was the leader of the Portuguese Socialist Party? How long was Mário Soares Prime Minister? What two models did Portugal bounce between? When was the Portuguese Constitution approved? Why was the Portuguese Constitution rewritten? What type of climate is Portugal defined as? What is the average temperature in mainland Portugal? What is the average temperature in the south of Portugal? How tall are the mountains in the Alentejo region? What type of climate do the Azores and Madeira have? What makes weather predictions difficult in the Azores and Madeira archipelagos? What type of climate does the Azores have? What types of forests are found in Gerês? When did the laurissilva forest date back to? What type of oak is colonizing many abandoned areas of Portugal? What animal was recently found roaming at night in Setubal? How many natural parks are in Portugal? What is Laurisilva? What species of mammalian fauna are found in the Azores? What is Portugal an important stopover for? How many freshwater fish species are in Portugal? Where is the giant European catfish found? Why are some of these rare and specific fish species highly endangered? What is a bioluminescent species that is possible to observe in some beaches? How many years is the term of the President? Who is the current President of the Republic? How many deputies are in the Assembly of the Republic? How long is the term for the Assembly of the Republic? How many members are in the Constitutional Court? Which two political parties dominate the Assembly of the Republic? At what levels does Portugal have a multi-party system of competitive legislatures? What are the names of the other political parties in Portugal? What percentage of the vote does the People's Party garner? Who is the Head of State of Portugal? How many years is the term of the President of the Republic? How is the President of the Republic elected? Who is the Head of State of Portugal? Who acts as the cabinet? What is each government required to do? The failure of the Assembly to reject the government programme confirms the cabinet in office. Where did Portuguese law apply? What is the purpose of the Public Security Police? What type of police is the Polcia Judiciária - PJ? Who oversees the criminal investigation police in Portugal? What year did Portugal decriminalize possession of all drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations? What is the maximum amount of drug trafficking in Portugal? What are people caught with small amounts of drugs given the choice to do? How much did the number of HIV infection cases drop in 2009? How many municipalities are in Portugal? How many civil parishes are in Portugal? How many districts are in Continental Portugal? How many branches of the Portuguese armed forces are there? What are the three branches of the Portuguese armed forces? What do the three branches of the armed forces serve? How many women are in the Portuguese military? How much did the Portuguese military spend in 2009? How many soldiers are in the Army? What is the infantry brigade mainly equipped with? What are the mechanized brigades equipped with? What does the Rapid Reaction Brigade consist of? How many personnel are in the Navy? What two conflicts did Portugal engage in in the 20th century? When was the Portuguese Colonial War? What countries have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions in? Where did the Portuguese Armed Forces intervene? Who headed the Portuguese government after the bailout? What was the purpose of the measures implemented by Pedro Passos Coelho? What were some of the measures implemented? What was the average wage cut for public servants in 2012? When was the Carnation Revolution? How did the Portuguese governments encourage investment bubbles? Who released a report in 2011? When was the financial crisis in Portugal? What two Portuguese banks had been accumulating losses for years due to bad investments, embezzlement and accounting fraud? What were the two Portuguese banks accumulating losses for years due to? Why was the case of BPN particularly serious? What was the main cause of the losses of the two Portuguese banks? What is the Portuguese currency? What did the euro replace? What is the name of Portugal's central bank? Where are most industries, businesses and financial institutions concentrated? According to World Travel Awards, Portugal is the Europe's Leading Destination 2012 and 2013? When was the Carnation Revolution? During what period did Portugal try to adapt to a changing modern global economy? How has Portugal's public consumption-based economic development model changed since the 1990s? What traditional industries have business services overtaken? What is the world's leading cork producer? Who bailed out Portugal? When was Portugal's bailout agreed to? How much funding did Portugal receive from the bailout? When did Portugal exit the bailout? What was Portugal's unemployment rate in the first quarter of 2014? What is agriculture in Portugal based on? What are some companies backed by the agriculture sector in Portugal? What are some of Portugal's livestock products? What are some of Portugal's livestock products? What is the world's oldest active canned fish producer? What are some of the companies that export Portuguese processed fish products? What type of seafood does Portugal have a strong tradition in? What is Portugal ranked among Europe's leading producers? What is Portugal a notable producer of? What type of exploration does Portugal lack the potential to conduct? Where are Portugal's iron and coal reserves located? What forced a decrease in the extraction of iron and coal in Portugal? What are the names of the automotive companies in Portugal? Which companies are in the aerospace industry? Where is Volkswagen's AutoEuropa plant located? What are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry? Where are many major biotechnology and information technology industries concentrated? What are visitor numbers forecast to do in Portugal in the future? What type of destinations are competing with Portugal? What has been necessary for Portugal to do to stay ahead of its competitors? What are some of Portugal's niche attractions? What publication described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe"? How much did the number of unemployed increase from 2002 to 2007? What was Portugal's unemployment rate in 2009? What did Standard & Poor's lower its long-term credit assessment of Portugal to in December 2009? When did Moody's downgrade its long-term credit assessment of Portugal? What did Prime Minister José Sócrates announce on 6 April 2011? How many times had the Portuguese requested financial assistance from the IMF? What was the first time the Portuguese government requested financial assistance from the IMF? Why did Moody's downgrade nine Portuguese banks in October 2011? What was the number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in the Portuguese government in 2005? What was the European Union average number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in 2005? What is Portugal's justice system internationally known as? What country has the slowest justice system in Western Europe? How many judges and prosecutors does Portugal have per 100,000 people? Who was the Prime Minister of Portugal in 2013? What did Prime Minister Passos Coelho announce in May 2013? Why did Coelho say austerity measures were necessary? Who did Coelho say would help Portugal avoid a monetary bailout grant? What is the retirement age of the government? What did Coelho cut? What language were the obligatory classes in Basic Education abolished? What have the policies of Coelho led to? When did the unemployment rate in Portugal begin to fall? What was Portugal's peak unemployment rate in 2013? What was Portugal's unemployment rate in 2008? When did Portugal's unemployment rate surpass 10%? What are the tourist hotspots in Portugal? What is one of the largest Roman Catholic shrines in the world? What apparitions took place in Fátima in 1917? What new tourist destinations are being developed by the Portuguese government? What is the 16th European city which attracts the most tourists? What set the priority for improvements in transportation? What did Portugal build in the 1990s? How large is Portugal's road network? When was the first motorway opened in Portugal? How large is Continental Portugal's territory? How many international airports service Continental Portugal's territory? What are the main cities of Continental Portugal? What makes Lisbon a stopover for many foreign airlines? What is the primary flag-carrier for Portugal? Comboios de Portugal operates a national railway system that extends into what country? Who runs Portugal's national railway system? How many railway lines are in service in Portugal? How many of Portugal's railways are electrified? How many miles of Portugal's railways allow speeds greater than 120 km/h? What are the names of the two largest subway systems in Portugal? How many lines are in the Lisbon Metro system? Who provides Lisbon tram services? How long has the Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa been providing tram services? What are the INETI, Tecnologia e Inovaço and INRB? What are some of the state-managed autonomous research institutions in Portugal? Who is responsible for the funding and management of the research system in Portugal? What are two of the largest non-state-run research institutions in Portugal? What is the Champalimaud Foundation? What does the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência and Champalimaud Foundation award each year? When was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded? What is the largest aquarium in Europe? What does Ciência Viva aim to promote? What museums are in Portugal? What helped create thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses in Portugal? What are some of the science parks in Portugal? Why do companies locate in Portuguese science parks? What are the two most cost-effective renewable sources in Portugal? Where is the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station located? Where is the Aguçadoura Wave Farm located? What percentage of Portugal's electricity is derived from hydroelectric dams? What is Portugal's national energy transmission company? What does REN do? What did Portugal generate electricity from before the solar/wind revolution? What type of turbines pump water uphill at night? How did the government encourage rooftop solar electricity? What was the population of Portugal in 2011? What percentage of the population was female in the 2011 census? What percentage of the population was male in the 2011 census? What is the only religion in Portugal? What were former Muslims called in Portugal? What do current interpretation of Y-chromosome and mtDNA data suggest that the Portuguese have their origin in? When did the Paleolithic peoples begin arriving to the European continent? What type of peoples are the Portuguese believed to have their origin in? What has long been a cornerstone of Portugal's national identity? What ocean does Portugal look out of? What were the last European powers to give up their overseas territories? What ancestry do most Brazilians have? How many people lived in Portugal in 2007? What percentage of the Portuguese population is Roman Catholic? What small communities does Portugal have? What percentage of the population declared themselves to be non-religious? What percentage of the population did not give any answer about their religion? What type of origin do many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have? During what centuries did the Roman Catholic Church and the Portuguese state enjoy power? What changed the role and importance of organized religion? When was the First Portuguese Republic formed? When was the Battle of Ourique? What did Jesus promise to Afonso? Why did God want to act through Afonso and his descendants? What is the official language of Portugal? What type of language is Portuguese? Where did Portuguese originate? What was the common language of the Galician and Portuguese people until the independence of Portugal? What language is the Portuguese language derived from? Where did the Portuguese language come from? When did Portugal establish a colonial and commercial empire? How many continents is Portuguese spoken as a native language? Which country has the largest number of native Portuguese speakers? What is the total adult literacy rate in Portugal? What is the literacy rate of Portugal's primary school? What percentage of college-age citizens attend one of Portugal's higher education institutions? What is the literacy rate in the United States? How long have Portuguese universities existed? Where was the oldest Portuguese university established? Where did the oldest Portuguese university move to? What is the name of the oldest engineering school in the Americas? What is the oldest medical college in Asia? When did the Bologna process begin? What are most student costs supported with? How old are mature applicants in the Bologna process? What is the Ministry of Health responsible for? How many regional health administrations are in charge of implementing the national health policy objectives? What are the 5 regional health administrations in charge of? What do most Portuguese die from? What are the two main components of CVD? What is the single biggest killer in Portugal? How much less often do Portuguese people die from cancer than in the Eur-A? Who is cancer more frequent in Portugal? What are the survey results based on? What percentage of adults rated their health as good or very good in Portugal? When did Portugal modernize its public cultural facilities? When was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established? Where was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established? What are some of Portugal's public cultural facilities? How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites are in Portugal? What is another name for the Manueline? What is the Manueline? What is the Soft Portuguese style? Who are some of the world renowned architects from Portugal? What is Tomás Taveira known for? When did Portuguese cinema begin? Who are some of the Portuguese film directors that gained notability? Who are some notable Portuguese film actors? When did Portuguese cinema begin? Who are some of the Portuguese film directors that gained notability? Who are some notable Portuguese film actors? What was Lus de Cames' occupation? What epic poem did Lus de Cames write? Who was the main influence of the poem "Os Lusiadas"? What styles are modern Portuguese poetry rooted in? Who are some of the authors of modern Portuguese literature? What is the Portuguese term for dry cod? What are two popular fish recipes in Portugal? What is caldeirada? What are typical Portuguese meat recipes made out of? What is a popular northern dish in Portugal? What are some typical fast food dishes in Portugal? Where does the Portuguese art of pastry originate? What are the main ingredients of the monasteries in Portugal? What are some examples of Portuguese pastries? How long have Portuguese wines enjoyed international recognition? What god did the Romans associate Portugal with? What are some of the best Portuguese wines? What wines are particularly appreciated in a wide range of places around the world? What is the name of the summer music festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality? What are some of Portugal's urban music festivals? How often does the Boom Festival take place? What awards did the Boom Festival win? When did the MTV Europe Music Awards take place? What are the names of the pianists in Portugal's classical music domain? Who are the violinists in Portugal? Who are some notable composers? Which composers have achieved some international success writing original music for film and television? When did Modernism arrive in Portugal? Who was Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso heavily influenced by? What is one of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso's best-known works? Who are some of the prominent international visual arts painters today? What is the most popular sport in Portugal? Who is a major symbol of Portuguese football history? Who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or for 2013 and 2014? What award did Cristiano Ronaldo win in 2013? Who are the most renowned Portuguese football managers? What are the largest sports clubs in Portugal? What are the largest sports clubs in Portugal by number of trophies won called? How many European UEFA club competitions have the big three won? What are some of the sports events that the "big three" compete in? Who hosts the Algarve Cup? When was Kanye Omari West born? What genre of music is Kanye Omari West known for? Who is Kanye West? When was Kanye Omari West born? What label did West become a producer for in the early 2000s? Which artists did West produce hit singles for? How many songs were on Graduation? Along with Alicia Keys, who was a notable hit single producer for Roc-A-Fella Records? Where was West raised? What was West's job at Roc-A-Fella Records? When was West's debut album released? How many songs were on Graduation? How many albums has West sold worldwide? How many digital downloads did West sell worldwide? What award has West won? How many albums did West sell? Who named West one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005 and 2015? How many albums has West sold worldwide? How many Grammy Awards has West won? How many albums did West sell? When was West named one of the 100 most influential people in the world? What language was Kanye Omari West's mother a professor of? Where was Kanye Omari West born? What did Ray West open in Lexington Park, Maryland? Where was Kanye Omari West's mother a professor? Where did Kanye Omari West attend high school? Where did West move with his mother at the age of 10? What was the nationality of West's mother? What grades did West get in high school? How old was West when he moved to China? Where did West's mother teach as part of an exchange program? What did West begin to write when he was five? What was the name of West's rap song? Who was West's mentor? What did West do when he was five? What was the name of West's rap song? Who was West's mentor? Where did Kanye West attend high school? How old was Kanye West when he dropped out of college? Where did Kanye West attend high school? What language did Kanye West study at Chicago State University? How old was Kanye West when he dropped out of college? What was Kanye West's album called? What type of artists did Kanye West make beats for? What type of records did Kanye West use as vocal samples? What rap group did Kanye West form? When did Kanye West begin his production career? When did Kanye West begin his production career? Who was Kanye West a ghost producer for? What rap group did Kanye West form? What was the name of the management company that managed the Go-Getters? When did the Go-Getters release their first and only studio album? Who released Chyna Doll? Who were some of West's guest appearances on Foxy Brown's Chyna Doll? Who released Chyna Doll? What was the name of the album West produced for? What label did West produce for in 2000? What was the name of Jay-Z's 2001 album? In what year did West start producing for Roc-A-Fella Records? What was the name of Jay-Z's 2001 album? What was West's true aspiration? Who denied West an artist deal? What was West's true aspiration? What image was prominent in mainstream hip hop at the time? Who denied West an artist deal? Who was on Capitol Record's A&R? What label did Damon Dash sign West to? What did Jay-Z think Roc-A-Fella saw West as first and foremost? Who was on Capitol Record's A&R? What label did Damon Dash sign West to? What was the name of West's debut album? What was the name of West's mixtape? What was West's debut album called? When did West fall asleep in a car crash? What was the name of West's debut album? What was the name of West's mixtape released in 2002? What happened to The College Dropout months before its release date? How many times was the release of The College Dropout postponed? Where did West record his debut album? How many times was the release of The College Dropout postponed? When was the release of The College Dropout postponed three times? How many Roc-A-Fella albums did West release? How many Roc-A-Fella albums did West release? What was West's fourth single? What record label did West founded? When was the College Dropout released? What was the name of West's second hit single? How many Grammy nominations did West receive for his single "Through the Wire"? What record label did West founded? What did West hire for his second album? Who was the co-executive producer of Late Registration? What was the name of West's second album? How many units did Late Registration sell in the United States? Which English trip hop group released Roseland NYC Live? What was the name of West's second album? How many units did Late Registration sell in the United States? What award did West lose in 2004? What was West's first large-scale controversy? What magazine did West pose on the cover of in 2006? What award did West lose in 2004? Who did West deviate from the script when presenting on NBC? What magazine did West pose on the cover of in 2006? What was the name of the NBC broadcast that West was a featured speaker for? Who did West tour with on their Vertigo Tour? Where did West feel inspired to compose anthemic rap songs? Who did West listen to to develop his lyricism? Who did West tour with on their Vertigo Tour? What decade was West influenced by? Along with Led Zeppelin, what arena rock band did West draw inspiration from? Along with Johnny Cash, who was West's favorite country singer? What was West's third album called? Who was Curtis' opponent in the sales competition? How many copies did Graduation sell in its first week? Which French house duo was featured on West's "Stronger"? What was West's third album called? Who was Curtis' opponent in the sales competition? Which French house duo was featured on West's "Stronger"? Who was West's fiancée? What voice audio processor did West use for his rapping? In what year did Donda West's mother die? Who was West's fiancée? What was the name of West's 2008 tour? Where was West's mother's death? What was the title of West's fourth album? Who released 808s & Heartbreak? What was the name of the album released by Island Def Jam? Who released 808s & Heartbreak? When was 808s & Heartbreak released? What was Def Jam's second consecutive "Hot Shot Debut"? What does 808s & Heartbreak use? Who said that 808s & Heartbreak was Kanye's most vulnerable work? Who said that 808s & Heartbreak was Kanye's most vulnerable work? What was West's biggest controversy? Who was the winner of the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards? Who did West crash the stage and grab the microphone from? In what year was West's incident at the MTV Video Music Awards? Who's video for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" was nominated for the MTV Video Music Awards? Who did West crash the stage and grab the microphone from? Where did 808s & Heartbreak lack nominations? Where did West live for the next few months? What did West do after he took a break from music? Where did West live for the next few months? What was West's fifth album called? What award was the album omitted from the 54th Grammy Awards? What was West's fifth album called? When was West's fifth album released? What was the name of West's fifth album? What was the name of West's free music program? What was the name of West's 2011 headlining set? Who did West collaborate with on Watch the Throne? Where did a film of the same name premiere? What was the name of West's 2011 headlining set? What was the name of West's album with Jay-Z? What was the record's highest charting single? When did West release his compilation album Cruel Summer? Where did the film "Mercy" premiere? In what city did Kanye West record his sixth solo album? What was Kanye West's sixth consecutive number one debut? Who was Kanye West's bandmate? In what year did Kanye West begin recording his sixth solo album? What was West's inspiration for his sixth solo album? What was Kanye West's sixth consecutive number one debut? When was West's sixth album released? Who was Kanye West's bandmate? What was the name of West's first child? What company collaborated with West in the release of Yeezy Season 1? Who was the featured artist in West's single "Only One"? Where did West perform the single "All Day"? Who was West's first child? What was the name of West's first child? Where was West married to Kardashian? Who was the featured artist in West's single "Only One"? What was the first season of West's clothing line? What was the name of West's new album? What school awarded West an honorary doctorate? How many people signed a petition against West at Glastonbury? What was the name of West's new album? Which school awarded West an honorary doctorate? How many people signed a petition against West at Glastonbury? On what date was SWISH released? What did West rename his album to? What rapper was involved in a social media altercation with West? What was the new name of the album West renamed? Where did West release his new album? What was the name of West's new album? What did West rename his album to? What rapper was involved in a social media altercation with West? What was the name of West's clothing line? Which musician did West consider to be one of his most important cultural figures in his life? Which band did West say influenced him in his style? What was West's style of production dubbed? Which musician did West consider to be one of his most important cultural figures in his life? Who was West's cultural figure in his life? What was West's first major release? What film score composer did Kanye West collaborate with for his second album? What type of orchestral elements did Late Registration incorporate? What did Kanye West tour with on his 2006 album? What film score composer did Kanye West collaborate with for his second album? What English trip hop group influenced Kanye West? What was the name of West's third album? What was the sound of West's third album? What did West take inspiration from Led Zeppelin's music? When was West's third album released? Virtual synthesis, the Roland TR-808 drum machine, and auto-tuned vocals were part of what genre of music? What artists did Kanye West draw inspiration from? What elements of 808s & Heartbreak are featured on the album? Along with Gary Numan and TJ Swan, who was a notable artist on 808s & Heartbreak? Along with new wave groups, what genre of music did Kanye's 808s & Heartbreak draw comparisons to? What publication compared Kanye's 808s & Heartbreak to the 1980s? What was West's fifth album called? Who is Entertainment Weekly's contributor to My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy? Who was the collaborator on Late Registration? What was the name of West's Graduation album collaborator? What was the name of West's 2008 album? What was West's fifth album called? What was the title of West's sixth album? Whose minimalist design inspired the album Yeezus? When was West's sixth album released? What was West's sixth album called? What did West say he was ready to launch in 2006? What happened to the Pastelle Clothing line in 2009? When did West announce he would release his Pastelle Clothing line? When was the Pastelle Clothing line cancelled? Who did West collaborate with to release his own shoe? Who was West's first shoe line designed for? What gender was Kanye West's fashion label? How did Kanye West's debut show fare? When did Kanye West premiere his second line of fashion at Paris Fashion Week? When did Kanye West premiere his women's fashion label? What was the name of Kanye West's women's fashion label? When did Kanye West premiere his women's fashion label? What was the name of Kanye West's women's fashion label? What kind of reviews did Kanye West's debut show get? When did Kanye West premiere his second line of fashion at Paris Fashion Week? Who collaborated with West on the Yeezy Boosts? On what date did Adidas announce a new shoe collaboration with West? What was the name of West's shoe collaboration with Adidas? How many pairs of the Adidas Yeezy Boosts were available in New York City? What was the name of West's shoe collaboration with Adidas? In what year did West unveil his Yeezy Season clothing line? What was the name of West's album? What chain of restaurants did West plan to open in the Chicago area in 2008? How many Fatburger locations opened in 2009? What did West do to the Fatburger located in Orland Park? What chain of restaurants did West plan to open in the Chicago area in 2008? How many Fatburger locations opened in 2009? In what year did West shut down the Fatburger location in Orland Park? What company bought the rights to Fatburger in Chicago? What was the name of West's record label and production company? Who is the new president of GOOD Music? When was GOOD Music founded? Along with West and Common, what artist was a founding member of GOOD Music? Who is the new president of GOOD Music? What was the goal of DONDA? Who was DONDA named after? When did West announce his creation of DONDA? What music streaming service did West co-own with Beyoncé? Along with Beyoncé, who was a co-owner of Aspiro? What has Spotify been criticised for? What music streaming service did West co-own with Beyoncé? What does Tidal specialize in? Who acquired the parent company of Tidal in the first quarter of 2015? What streaming service has been criticised for low royalties? What organization did Kanye West founded with his mother? What was the mission of the Kanye West Foundation? What organization did Kanye West founded with his mother? In what year did the Kanye West Foundation partner with Strong American Schools? Where is the Kanye West Foundation located? What did the Kanye West Foundation partner with community organizations to provide underprivileged youth access to? What campaign did the West Foundation partner with Strong American Schools? When did West host his first benefit concert? What was the foundation renamed after the death of Donda West's mother? When did the Dr. Donda West Foundation cease operations? In what year was the foundation renamed to the "Dr. Donda West Foundation"? What was the foundation renamed after the death of Donda West's mother? In what year was the foundation renamed to the "Dr. Donda West Foundation"? What events has Kanye West performed for? What was the name of the NBC benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina? Who did West accuse of not caring about black people? Who did West accuse of not caring about black people? When did West accuse George W. Bush of not caring about black people? What happened to West's telethon microphone? Who did West say didn't care about black people? How did Bush describe the apology to Kanye West? Who did West speak to on the Today show in 2010? What country did West perform at the wedding of Nazarbayev's grandson? How much did West receive for performing in Kazakhstan? What is the human rights record in Kazakhstan? What country did West perform at the wedding of Nazarbayev's grandson? Where did Shakira and Rage Against the Machine refuse to perform? Why did Sting cancel performances in Kazakhstan? What ABC program ran a sketch on September 25? What did Kimmel want from West? Which talk show host did West launch a tirade at in 2013? Who did West say he was the biggest rock star on the planet? What radio station did West interview Zane Lowe? Who did West believe had problems pushing policies in Washington? What did West say black people don't have the same level of connections as? When was West's radio interview? When did West say he thought he was being insulted? Who did West claim was innocent in a tweet in 2016? Who did West claim was innocent in a tweet in 2016? Who won the American Music Awards for 2004? What was the name of West's video that failed to win the MTV Europe Music Awards? Who won the American Music Awards for 2004? What was the name of West's video that failed to win the MTV Europe Music Awards? When did West apologize for his outburst at the MTV Europe Music Awards? On what show did West spoofed the incident? What did West think was a factor in being overlooked for opening the VMAs in favor of Britney Spears? What was the name of West's song that he wanted to open the VMAs? What did West think was a factor in being overlooked for opening the VMAs in favor of Britney Spears? What song did West say he wanted to open the VMAs with? Who was receiving the MTV Video Music Awards award for Best Female Video for "You Belong with Me"? Who called West a 'jackass'? Who called West a "jackass"? Who did West say he did not diss? What was the name of West's 2016 album? When did West write a series of apologetic tweets to Swift? When did West say he would perform a song for Swift if she didn't? What is the name of West's 2016 album? Who was accepting the Album of the Year award? Who did West say Beck should have given his award to? Who was accepting the Album of the Year award? When did West apologize to Beck on Twitter? What award did West receive on August 30, 2015? In what year did West decide to run for president? What award did West receive on August 30, 2015? What was the largest unsuccessful petition to block West's participation? What event was West the headlining artist of? What organization has West turned to to try and block his participation in various events? Where was the largest unsuccessful petition to block West's participation? How many signatures did XYZ collect? Which designer did West begin an on-and-off relationship with in 2002? Which model did West date from 2008 until the summer of 2010? Who did West begin dating in April 2012? When did West begin an on-and-off relationship with designer Alexis Phifer? When did West begin an on-and-off relationship with designer Alexis Phifer? When did West and Phifer become engaged? Which model did West date from 2008 until the summer of 2010? When did West begin dating Kim Kardashian? Where was North baptized? How old was Donda West when she died? Who refused to perform West's surgery because of her health condition? When was West's mother transported to the Centinela Freeman Hospital? What was West's cause of death? Who refused to perform West's surgery because of her health condition? Who performed West's procedures? On what radio station did Donda West appear? What did the final coroner's report conclude West died of? Who was Donda West's family's attorney? What did West's family file complaints against Adams and Aboolian for? On what radio station did Donda West appear? When was the final coroner's report released? Where was Donda West's funeral held? What did Donda West dedicate to his mother? Where was Donda West's funeral held? When was Donda West's funeral held? When was Donda West's funeral held? On what tour did Donda West perform a cover of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'"? Where did West speak about his mother's death for the first time? Where did West speak about his mother's death for the first time? Who was the California governor that signed the Donda West Law? Who was the California governor that signed the Donda West Law? What law makes it mandatory for patients to provide medical clearance for elective cosmetic surgery? Who sued West for trademark infringement? When did Knievel settle the suit? Who sued West for trademark infringement? Who did West take on in the video "Touch the Sky"? When did West die? What were West and Crowley booked on? How much was West's bail bond? What did the city attorney's office charge West with? When was West and Crowley arrested? What were West and Crowley booked on? Who was West's bodyguard? How much was West's bail bond? What was the cause of West's arrest? When was West arrested again? Where was West arrested? What famous nightclub was West involved in a scuffle with a photographer? Who asked West why he was not allowed to speak in his presence? What were the charges of attempted robbery reduced to? Who asked West why he was not allowed to speak in his presence? How many years did West serve probation for the misdemeanor battery conviction? What type of sessions was West required to attend after his misdemeanor battery conviction? How much did West have to pay the photographer? What did West refer to himself as during one of his concerts? What is the name of West's album? What did West refer to himself as during one of his concerts? How does West compare to David Bowie? Who did The Guardian compare West to? Who called West the greatest hip hop artist of all time? Who dubbed West the greatest hip hop artist of all time? Who compared West to David Bowie? What was West one of the first rappers to publicly criticize the preponderance of? What was the former style of hip-hop for the noughties? What type of background did West have? What rapper was Curtis? Who was the editor of XXL? What type of person is Elon Musk? Who was the Tesla Motors CEO that complimented West in a piece for Time Magazine's 100 most influential people list? How many songs did West's "Gold Digger" sell? How many digital songs has West sold in the US? How many songs did West's "Gold Digger" sell? What is West's sixth solo album? How many digital sales did West's "Gold Digger" have? Where did West place in overall digital sales of the past decade? How many digital songs has West sold in the US? How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? Who has Kanye West ties with for having topped the annual Pazz & Jop critic poll the most number of times ever? How many times has Kanye West been included in the Time 100 annual lists of the most influential people in the world? How many Grammy Awards has Kanye West won? How does About.com rank Kanye West on their "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers" list? When was Kanye West crowned as the year's No. 1 "Hottest MC in the Game"? What was Kanye West voted by MTV in 2010? Who has Kanye West ties with for having topped the annual Pazz & Jop critic poll the most number of times ever? How many albums did My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy rank on Rolling Stone in 2012? How many albums did My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy rank on Rolling Stone in 2012? What album was ranked as the world's best album of the decade so far? Where did Yeezus rank in a list of 100 albums? What online music publication ranked My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy as the world's best album of the decade? Who was ranked in the eighth position of a list of 100 albums? What song was ranked in the third position in the publication's list of the 200 best tracks released since 2010? Who did West say didn't care about black people? Who did West interrupt at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards? What types of products did West collaborate with Louis Vuitton and A.P.C.? What is the name of West's creative content company? When did Yeezy Season begin? What type of religion is Buddhism? What is Buddhism largely based on? Where was the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent? How do Buddhists believe this is accomplished? What did Gautama Buddha eliminate to help sentient beings end their suffering? What type of religion is Buddhism? Whose teachings are largely based on Buddhism? When did Gautama Buddha live and teach in Nepal? Where was the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent? Whose teachings are largely based on Buddhism? Where did Gautama Buddha live and teach? When did Gautama Buddha live and teach in Nepal? Whose teachings are largely based on Buddhism? How many centuries BCE did Gautama Buddha live and teach in Nepal? What subcontinent did Gautama Buddha live and teach in? Whose teachings are largely based on Buddhism? What two branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars? What is a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas? Where does Theravada have a widespread following? What are some of the traditions of Mahayana? How many people practice Tibetan Buddhism? What is the name of the Great Vehicle? What is a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas? What is a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas? Who is Vajrayana attributed to? What does Theravada mean? What is the ultimate goal of Theravada Buddhism? How is Nirvana achieved in Theravada Buddhism? What is the bodhisattva path? What does Tibetan Buddhism aspire to? How is Nirvana achieved in Theravada Buddhism? What type of Buddhism aspires to the sublime state of Nirvana? What type of Buddhism aspires to Buddhahood? What is another name for the Noble Eightfold Path? What path does Mahayana Buddhism aspire to Buddhahood? What is the cycle of Nirvana in Theravada Buddhism? What are the Three Jewels? What is one of the practices of Buddhism? What is the name of the practice of giving charity to reduce greed? What are the Ten Meritorious Deeds? What type of deity does Buddhism deny? What does giving charity help reduce? What is the name of the tradition of invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas? What does the Buddhaghoa's story draw on? What biographies give different accounts of Buddha's life? What are most scholars hesitant to make unqualified claims about the life of the Buddha? When was the Theravada ascribed to Buddhaghoa? What is the name of the earliest biographies of the Buddha? Who is the Theravada ascribed to? Who is the Theravada ascribed to? What type of order did Buddha founded? When was the Theravada ascribed to Buddhaghoa? Who wrote the biography of Siddhatta Gotama? What are the outline of the life of Siddhatta Gotama? Who wrote the biography of Siddhatta Gotama? Who did Karen Armstrong believe existed? Who preserved the memory of Siddhatta Gotama's life as well as they could? Who wrote the biography of Siddhatta Gotama? Who did Karen Armstrong write a biography of? Who did Karen Armstrong believe existed? When was Siddhrtha Gautama born? Where was Siddhrtha Gautama born? How was Siddhrtha Gautama born? Where was Siddhrtha Gautama born? When was Siddhrtha Gautama born? What type of community was Siddhrtha Gautama's father in? What evidence suggests that Siddhrtha Gautama was born in a community that was on the periphery of the Indian subcontinent in the fifth century BCE? What was Siddhrtha Gautama's father an oligarch? Who was born in a community that was on the periphery of the northeastern Indian subcontinent in the fifth century BCE? What was Siddhrtha Gautama's father's position? Who prophesied that Siddhartha would become a great king or renounce the material world to become a holy man? What did Asita prophesy to the young prince's father? How did Asita predict that Siddhartha would become a holy man? Who was Asita? Who was the father of prince Gautama? What did Asita prophesy that Siddhartha would become? Who prophesied that Siddhartha would become a great king or renounce the material world to become a holy man? Who was the father of prince Gautama? What did Asita prophesy Siddhartha would become if he renounced the material world? What did uddhodana do to make his son a king? How old was Gautama when he ventured beyond the palace? What did Gautama learn from the four sights? How did Gautama learn of the suffering of ordinary people? What did uddhodana want his son to become? How old was Gautama when he ventured beyond the palace? What were the encounters Gautama had with ordinary people called in Buddhist literature? What did Gautama do after his experiences with ordinary people? What did uddhodana want his son to become? How old was Gautama when he ventured beyond the palace? How many sights did Gautama experience? What type of creature did Gautama encounter? How did Gautama learn to meditate? What did Gautama discover through anapanasati meditation? What did Gautama undergo in his asceticism? What did Gautama do to discover the Middle Way? What was a religious pursuit common among the ramaas? What did Gautama accept from a village girl? What does the Buddhists call the path of moderation between the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification? What did Gautama find about the meditative attainments of famous religious teachers? What did Gautama accept from a village girl? What type of meditation did Gautama try? What did Gautama discover through anapanasati meditation? How old was Gautama when he meditated under the Bodhi Tree? What tree did Gautama meditate under? What did Gautama do after his death? How old was Gautama when he died? What was the name of the south branch of the fig tree available in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka? What tree did Gautama meditate under? What was the name of the Ficus religiosa tree in Bodh Gaya? How old was Gautama when he died? What was the name of the Ficus religiosa tree in Bodh Gaya? What tree did Gautama meditate under? Where was the Bodhi Tree located? What was the name of the south branch of the fig tree available in Anuradhapura Sri Lanka? What is samsara in Buddhism? What is avidya? What does dukkha mean? How is liberation from samsara possible? What is characterized by dukkha? How many realms of existence are there in Buddhism? What is avidya? How is liberation from samsara possible? What is samsara in Buddhism? How many realms of existence are there in Buddhism? What type of state is characterized by a particular type of suffering? What does samsara arise out of? How is liberation from samsara possible? What does Karma mean in Sanskrit? What is Karma in Buddhism? The avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions are called what? What does karma refer to? What does Karma mean in Sanskrit? The avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions are called what? What is the term for mental intent? What is another name for "result"? What is Karma in Buddhism? The avoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions are called what? What does vipka mean? In what type of Buddhism can there be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? What are some of the Mahayana sutras? What type of Buddhism uses recitation of mantras to cut off previous negative karma? What has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? In what type of Buddhism can there be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? What has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? What type of Buddhism claims that the recitation of texts can expunge great swathes of negative karma? What type of karma can the recitation of certain Mahayana sutras expunge great swathes of? Who was the Japanese Pure Land teacher? What has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in sasra? What is the process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What rejects the concepts of a permanent self or an unchanging, eternal soul? What is karma? How long does each form of sentient life run? What are the laws of cause and effect called? What is the process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What is the name of the doctrine of Anattavadin? What is the term for the dynamic, ever-changing process of rebirth in subsequent existences? What does the doctrine of anatt reject? Who can achieve rebirths in the uddhvsa Worlds? Who can rebirth in the rpyadhtu? How many planes of existence are there? What are the uddhvsa Worlds called? What are non-returners in the uddhvsa worlds called? What are the rpyadhtu? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? What are non-returners in the uddhvsa worlds called? What is the highest object of meditation? What are the rpyadhtu? What types of Buddhism believe that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? What orthodox position rejects the idea that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? What passages seem to lend support to the idea that the Buddha taught of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What is the Tibetan term for the intermediate state between one life and the next? What orthodox position rejects the idea that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? What passage in the Pali Canon seems to lend support to the idea that the Buddha taught of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? Along with Tibetan Buddhism, what religion believes that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? What types of Buddhism believe that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? What type of Theravada position rejects the idea that there is an intermediate state between one life and the next? In what Canon does the Samyutta Nikaya lend support to the idea that the Buddha taught of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What teachings provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought? What do the Four Noble Truths explain? What teachings provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought? What is dukkha? What teachings provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought? What does the Four Noble Truths explain? What does the first truth explain? What is Dukkha commonly translated as? What is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactory" and "unease"? What is Dukkha commonly translated as? What is a common translation of dukkha? How many aspects does dukkha have? What is a common translation of dukkha? What is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactory" and "unease"? How many aspects does dukkha have? What is the second noble truth? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the third noble truth? What is the fourth noble truth? What is the second noble truth? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the origin of dukkha conditioned by? What is the second noble truth? What is the origin of dukkha conditioned by? What is the root cause of dukkha? The second truth is that the origin of what can be known? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What does the Noble Eightfold Path do when developed together? What are the eight factors that lead to the cessation of dukkha? What is the Noble Eightfold Path? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What does the Noble Eightfold Path lead to when developed together? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What is the Noble Eightfold Path? How many interconnected factors are in the Noble Eightfold Path? The Noble Eightfold Path leads to the cessation of what? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other? How are the eight factors of the path understood? What are the eight dimensions of one's behaviour? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other? What did Gautama combine in his search for enlightenment? What was Gautama's new kind of human? What are the Four Immeasurable Minds also known as? What is the best known form of meditation? What do the Four Immeasurables cultivate? Who was Gautama's teacher? What did Gautama create a new kind of human without? What are the Four Immeasurable Minds? Who called the brahmaviharas the "four limitless ones?" What is the best known form of meditation? When was the Middle Path discovered? What is an important guiding principle of Buddhist practice? The Middle Path was discovered by Gautama Buddha prior to what? What are some of the books that Buddhist scholars have produced? How do some schools of Buddhism view doctrinal study? Who has produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts? What type of study do some schools of Buddhism discourage? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What is one liberated from in awakening to the true nature of the self and all phenomena? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What does one develop dispassion for? How many marks of existence were recommended by the Buddha? What is the Buddhist concept of impermanence? Where does the doctrine of impermanence say life embodies this flux? Why does the doctrine of impermanence assert that attachment to things is futile and leads to suffering? What is made up of parts? What happens to things when they come into being? What is the term for the cycle of rebirth? What does the doctrine of impermanence say attachment to things is futile and leads to? What does the word "dukkha" correspond to in English? What is the philosophical meaning of the term "dukkha"? What does Buddhism seek to be instead of pessimistic? Suffering is a central concept in what religion? What is the philosophical meaning of the term "dukkha"? What is the philosophical meaning of the term "dukkha"? What is the Sanskrit word for "dukkha"? What is the third mark of existence? What did the Nikayas anatta attempt to release from? What did the Buddha do when asked if the self was identical with the body? What does the practitioner come to when analyzing the constantly changing physical and mental constituents of a person or object? What is the third mark of existence? What is not meant as a metaphysical assertion but as an approach for gaining release from suffering? What did the Buddha reject as ontological views that bind one to suffering? What are the physical and mental constituents of a person or object called? What is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics? How is the doctrine of prattyasamutpda translated into English? The doctrine of prattyasamutpda is an important part of what type of metaphysics? What is the best-known application of the concept of prattyasamutpda? What do the Twelve Nidnas explain? What is the best-known application of the concept of prattyasamutpda? What does nidna mean? What describes a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? What describes a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? How do Sentient beings free themselves from sasra? What is the first Nidna? What does the absence of the first Nidna lead to? Who always suffers throughout sasra? What is the term for suffering until it is freed? How do Sentient beings free themselves from sasra? What is the first Nidna? What does Nagarjuna call the concept of emptiness? What does 'nyata' mean? What did Nagarjuna believe that sentient beings were empty of? What are dharmas? What teachings were criticized by Ngrjuna? Who reformulated the Sarvastivada teachings? What doctrine asserts that the mind and only the mind is ultimately real? Who reformulated the Sarvastivada teachings? What does tathgatagarbha mean? What does prajpramit mean? What Tibetan Buddhism school believes tathgatagarbha is the inseparability of the clarity and emptiness of one's mind? What school refers to the innate qualities of the mind that express themselves as omniscience? What is another name for Buddha-nature? What is the term for anyone who has achieved nirvana, including the Buddha? What does arahant mean? What is the name for anyone who has achieved nirvana? What is a term applied to the experience of Awakening of arahants? In Early Buddhism, bodhi carried a meaning synonymous with what? What does bodhi mean? What does 'hate, aversion' mean? What does moha mean? Who achieves nirvana and full liberation from delusion? What does the bodhisattva become when he attains bodhi? According to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only what? What is the term for the complete nirvana attained by the arahant at the moment of death? What is a fully awakened being who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance? What is a Buddha no longer bound by? What has a Buddha ended that unawakened people experience in life? How many previous Buddhas are listed in the Pali Canon? What is the common Theravada and Mahayana Buddhist belief that the next Buddha will be named? What type of Buddhas are in the Mahayana tradition? What do Theravadas believe a person may awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" by directly realizing the true nature of? What are people who awaken from the "sleep of ignorance" called? What is the term for being freed from craving, hate, and delusion? What is the extinction of hatred and greed with some residue of delusion called? In the Mahayana, who is viewed as the earthly projection of a beginningless and endless, omnipresent being? In the Mahayana, who is viewed as the earthly projection of a beginningless and endless, omnipresent being? In which sutras is the Buddha viewed as the eternal Buddha? What is the Buddha living on other planes of? Who is allowed to offer "new truths" based on the Buddha's input? What concept does Mahayana differ from Theravada? What does Mahayana believe? What form of Buddhism is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha? What form of Buddhism is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha? What is the name of the salvific "other-power" of Pure Land Buddhism? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? What is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? Who believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes? What type of commentary says that Buddhas arise one at a time in this world element? What type of Buddhism holds that it has declined to the point where few are capable of following the path? What does Bodhisattva mean? What is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings? What text is the Aashasrik Prajpramit Stra an important one? What text is the Aashasrik Prajpramit Stra an important one? What text is the Aashasrik Prajpramit Stra an important one? What Buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas? What does Mahayana Buddhism encourage everyone to take? What are the six pramitas of Mahayana Buddhism? Who often cites a famous saying by Shantideva as his favourite verse? Devotion is an important part of the practice of whom? What are some of the main devotional practices of Buddhists? What type of absorption does Buddhism traditionally incorporate? Whose sermons are the most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas? In what type of texts was yoga presented? What kind of cognition did the Buddha believe must be combined with meditative absorption? Who was meditation an aspect of in the centuries preceding the Buddha? What are to be developed at all times in Buddhism? What was indicated as a result of practice both within and outside of the Buddhist fold? What type of techniques did the Buddha use? What did the Samaaphala Sutta believe ethics are causally related to the attainment of? What are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques? What are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques? What is the name of the two books written after the rise of Buddhism? What is there no convincing evidence for in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts? What type of tradition does the Upanishads reflect? Which of the Upanishads contains evidence for a contemplative tradition? What do most Buddhist schools require the first step of taking refuge in? Where is the practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children mentioned? What Buddhism sometimes adds a fourth refuge, in the lama? What is the essence of the Three Jewels? What have the quality of excellence? Who presented himself as a model? What offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana? What is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha? What is the Sanskrit word for "virtuous behavior"? What is the second practice of la? What acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What is the foundation of Samdhi/Bhvana? What acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What does sala refer to? What are the five precepts common to all Buddhist schools? What do the eight precepts add? What are the precepts formulated as? The cultivation of dana and what conduct refine consciousness to a level that rebirth in one of the lower heavens is likely? What type of heavens are likely to rebirth in in Buddhist thought? Which precept on sexual misconduct becomes a precept of celibacy? What is the third precept on sexual misconduct called? How many precepts can be observed by laypeople for short periods? What precept is partitioned into two? What are the basic precepts for monastics? What are thescriptures on Vinaya? How many rules are there for monks in the Theravadin recension? What are thescriptures on Vinaya? What does the Buddha constantly remind his hearers that it is the spirit that counts? What are the rules designed to assure? What do the rules provide a perfect springboard for? What are monastics instructed by the Buddha to live as? What Sutra for Bodhisattvas contains a distinctive Vinaya and ethics? What is frowned upon in the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra? What country allows clergy to marry? What is another name for Chán meditation? How many jhnas are there in Buddhist meditation? What is samyaksamdhi? What is samyak in the Noble Eightfold Path? What does samyaksamdhi purify the mind of? What is the Sanskrit term for strong and powerful concentration? What is the term for insight? What does vipassana mean? What does samatha meditation start from being mindful of? What is a state of total concentration and tranquility in Samatha meditation? What does samatha meditation calm? What can vipassana meditation reveal about the mind? What is insight knowledge called? What is the Buddhist term for understanding? What does praj Pli pa lead to? What is the cause of human existence and suffering in Theravda Buddhism? What does craving carry with it? What do deeply rooted afflictions of the mind create? What is the ultimate goal of Theravadins? How many Noble Truths are there? Praj is the wisdom that is able to extinguish afflictions and bring about what? What is wisdom based on a realization of dependent origination? What are dharma talks? When could one attain Nirvana? What is praja a level of? What is the Korean word for Zen Buddhism? What is a form of Buddhism that lays special emphasis on meditation? What is a form of Buddhism that lays special emphasis on meditation? What kind of breakthroughs does Zen Buddhism focus on? How many main schools is Zen Buddhism divided into? What is the main school of Zen Buddhism? What type of Buddhist teachings are often full of paradox? What is the formless self equated with the Buddha? What must not be allowed to confine and bind one? What is Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism based on? What is another name for Vajrayana? What type of Buddhism is esoteric? What type of practice does Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism include? When did the roots of Buddhism lie in the religious thought of ancient India? Where did samsara, karma, and moksha originate? What groups were a continuation of a non-Vedic strand of Indian thought distinct from Indo-Aryan Brahmanism? What strand of Indian thought were the shramanas a continuation of? Where did Buddhism arise? Where was the capital of Kosala in the south east? When did the eastward spread of Brahmanism into Greater Magadha become significant? Where was Vedic philosophy reflected? Who was an atomist? Who were agnostics in the 5th century BCE? Who stressed that the soul must be freed from matter? What was a particular criticism of the Buddha? What did the Buddha mock? What did a few Brahmins introduce to the Veda of the rishis? What did the Buddha refuse to pay respect to? What is a matter of dispute? A core problem in the study of early Buddhism is the relation between dhyana and what? What is a later addition to Majjhima Nikaya 36? What is a later addition to the study of early Buddhism? What is Schmithausen a notable scholar who has questioned whether karma played a role in the theory of earliest Buddhism? What is there no cohesive presentation of in the Sutta Pitaka? What did Bronkhorst think was a Buddhist invention? How did the Buddha release? What jhana did the Buddha gain bodhi from? What does the mentioning of the four truths as constituting introduce a logical problem? The four truths depict what kind of path of practice? What is the common term for the desired goal of the Nikayas? Where can other terms be found that are not specified? What is the common term for the desired goal of the Nikayas? What was the initial description of the Buddhist path? How many times more complex was the Buddhist path described? What were the four truths a substitution for in the suttas? What does prajna mean? Gotama's teachings may have been "adjusted to the need of each person" what? How many marks of existence may reflect Upanishadic or other influences? How many periods are there in the history of Indian Buddhism? What is another name for Pre-sectarian Buddhism? What is another name for Nikaya Buddhism? What is another name for Vajrayana Buddhism? What is another name for Esoteric Buddhism? What is the earliest phase of Buddhism? Along with the Three marks of existence, karma and the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, and nirvana, what did Gautama Buddha teach? What Path did Gautama Buddha teach? What type of council was held? Who was called upon to recite the discourses of the Buddha? What were the discourses of the Buddha called? What was the name of the first Buddhist council? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? Whose vinaya contradicts the Dipavamsa of the Theravda? What did the losing party form in the Second Council dispute? What did the Mahsghikas argue that the Sthaviras were trying to expand? What gave rise to several schools? Where did monks from different schools of thought live happily together? What type of disagreements caused schisms? What is a detailed scholastic reworking of doctrinal material appearing in the Suttas called? What do the Abhidharma texts contain? When do scholars generally date the Abhidharma texts? What school had an Abhidhamma Pitaka? What are some of the earliest Mahyna stras? In what region of South India did the Prajpramita stras develop? What genre did the earliest Mahyna stras include the first versions of? When were the earliest Mahyna stras written? In what country did the Prajpramit develop? What century can the ancient Buddhist sites in the lower Ka Valley be traced to? Where did many Early Mahayana scriptures originate? What was Mahyna never a rival sect of? What ordination lineage did the Mahyna never attempt to have? What did both Mahyna and non-Mahyna monks often live in? Lokakema was the first to translate Mahyna texts into what language? Who was the first translator of Mahyna stras into Chinese? What series of Mahyna stras did Lokakema translate into Chinese? When were the first versions of the Prajpramita series composed? What were the four major types of thought during the period of Late Mahayana Buddhism? What was the most recent type of thought in Late Mahayana Buddhism? Madhyamaka, Yogacara, Tathagatagarbha and Buddhist Logic are examples of what type of thought? Who was a public supporter of Buddhism? What are Buddhist religious memorials called? What are stpas? Where were emissaries sent to spread Buddhism? Who were the emissaries accompanied by? Why were emissaries sent to various countries west of India? What civilizations were influenced by Buddhism? What Greek king has been immortalized in the Buddhist canon? When did the Theravada school spread south from India? When did the Theravada school spread south from India? When were the first documented translation efforts by foreign Buddhist monks in China? When did Mahayana Sutras spread to China? Where did the Mahayana Sutras spread to in the 2nd century CE? When did the Indian period of Esoteric Buddhism begin? What type of shrines are being funded in Asian countries? What is the Dharma? What is Sangha? In the West, Buddhism is often seen as exotic and what? What leads to new forms of Buddhism that significantly depart from traditional beliefs and practices? When did a number of modern movements or tendencies in Buddhism emerge? What is another name for the Dalit Buddhist movement? What modern movement emerged in the second half of the 20th century? What is Soka Gakkai? What is the largest lay Buddhist movement in the world? What is the name of the Soka Gakkai International movement? What religion is practiced by an estimated 488 million people? What country has the largest population of Buddhists? How many Buddhists live in China? How many Buddhists are in Mahayana? How many adherents does Theravada have? How many Buddhists are found outside of Asia? How many adherents did Buddhism have in 1910? How many adherents were in Buddhism in 2010? How many of the 495 million in 2010 were in Asia? What does Hinayana mean? What term is used by Mahayana followers to name the family of early philosophical schools and traditions from which contemporary Theravada emerged? What do not all Buddhist traditions treat as central? What type of organization is a major Buddhist branch? What is the oldest surviving Buddhist school? Where does the name Theravada come from? Sinhalese Buddhist reformers portrayed what as the original version of scripture? Where does Theravda have a growing presence? Who believes that personal effort is required to realize rebirth? What do laypersons produce when they perform good actions? What is the most important Mahyna centre of learning in India? What do Mahayana schools recognize? Who did some of the Mahayana Sutras become a manifestation of for Mahayanists? What are two examples of Mahayana Sutras? What is another name for Native Mahayana Buddhism? What is Vajrayana also known as? What is the most widely practised form of Eastern Buddhism? Along with Buddhism, what religion did the royal courts sponsor? Who taught the Saiva, Garuda and Vaisnava tantras? What is a work associated with the Guhyasamaja tradition? What type of scriptures are written in Pli, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Chinese? What do some schools venerate certain texts as in themselves? What does Buddhism not have that is universally referred to by all traditions? What have the Tibetan Buddhists not even translated most of? What do some scholars believe the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas of the Sutta Pitaka are? What has been seen as a barrier to the wider understanding of Buddhist philosophy? What was championed as a unifying scripture in Sri Lanka? What is the main philosophy of the Dhammapada? In what tradition were condensed'study texts' created that could be studied by novice monks? What was the focus of Dwight Goddard's study of Buddhist scriptures? What did Babasaheb Ambedkar attempt to create a single, combined document of Buddhist principles? What is the name of the Sutta Pitaka? What are the three baskets in the Pli Tipitaka? The Pli Tipitaka refers to the Sutta Pitaka, the Abhidhamma Pitaka, and what other Pitaka? Along with the Abhidhamma Pitaka and the Vinaya Pitaka, what is a part of the Pli Tipitaka? The Pli Tipitaka refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka, and what other Pitaka? What is the only early Tipitaka to survive intact in its original language? How many pitakas did some early schools of Buddhism have? What was the name of the monk who presided over the first Buddhist council? What was the goal of the first Buddhist council? Who recited the vinaya? Who was the Buddha's personal attendant? What was the basis of the Tripitaka? What is the name of the school that preserved teachings from the early, non-sectarian body of teachings? Who may have added texts to the Canon for some time, but they do not appear to have tampered with what they already had from an earlier period? What is a broad genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds are original teachings of the Buddha? What is a broad genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds are original teachings of the Buddha? What is one of the early Buddhist teachings that some adherents of Mahayana accept? What sutras claim to articulate the Buddha's deeper, more advanced doctrines? What does Mahyna mean? What is the path to liberate all living beings from unhappiness called? What tradition said that the Mahayana sutras were transmitted in secret? What tradition said that the Mahayana sutras were transmitted in secret? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? How many Mahayana sutras have survived in Sanskrit? What Buddhism recognizes some sutras as being of Chinese rather than Indian origin? When did the Mahayana sutras start to influence the behavior of mainstream Buddhists in India? What was the pejorative label given to those who rejected the Mahayana sutras? What school does not include the Mahayana scriptures in its canon? Where did the branch of Buddhism establish itself? What is the term used to refer to Theravada scriptures? What term did Jonathan Silk argue was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion? What was the more politically correct term used by Mahynists? What religion provides many opportunities for comparative study with a diverse range of subjects? Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way provides a unique guideline for what? What parallels does Buddhism have with other systems of thought? What religion's moral and spiritual parallels have been subject of close study? What type of thought has the Buddhist concept of dependent origination been compared to? What is considered a religion? What is considered a religion? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? What British series was American Idol based on? On what network did American Idol begin airing? Who produced American Idol? What British series was American Idol based on? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? What British series was American Idol based on? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the comedian on American Idol? Who is the most recent member of American Idol? Who was the original host of American Idol? Who was the comedian on American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who is the most recent member of American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the first judge of American Idol? Which country singer was on the judging panel for the most recent season of American Idol? Who is the jazz singer on American Idol? How many Billboard chart-toppers did American Idol spawn? Who is one of the most successful pop idols on American Idol? Who called American Idol the most impactful show in the history of television? Who is an example of a pop idol from American Idol? What is the name of the pop idol from American Idol? Who is an example of a pop idol from American Idol? What is the name of the pop idol from American Idol? How many Billboard chart-toppers did American Idol spawn? Who called American Idol the most impactful show in the history of television? In what year did Fox announce that American Idol would end? In what year did Fox announce that American Idol would end? How many seasons did American Idol end? How many consecutive years was American Idol ranked number one in U.S. television ratings? When did American Idol end? What New Zealand singing competition inspired American Idol? Who created the British show Pop Idol? When did American Idol debut in Britain? Who was one of the judges on American Idol? Who was the executive producer and production leader of American Idol? What New Zealand singing competition inspired American Idol? Who was the executive producer and production leader of American Idol? What did Simon Fuller add to the American Idol show? When did American Idol debut in Britain? Who was the executive producer and production leader of American Idol? How many seasons did American Idol hold in the U.S.? When did American Idol: The Search for a Superstar debut? When did Fuller, Cowell, and Jones attempt to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States? Who convinced Rupert Murdoch to buy American Idol? Who was the head of Fox's parent company in 2002? What was the new name of American Idol? How many seasons did the judges stay on the judging panel? How many judges did the original Pop Idol show originally plan on having? Who was hired as a fourth judge in the second season? What was the name of the radio DJ who dropped out of the show? How many judges did the original Pop Idol show originally plan on having? What was the name of the fourth judge? Who was hired as a fourth judge in the second season? What season did the show end with three judges? Who was the fourth judge on X Factor? Which Emmy Award-winning talk show host replaced Paula Abdul on X Factor? How many seasons did Kara DioGuardi stay on X Factor? In what year did Simon Cowell announce he was leaving X Factor? What was Simon Cowell's American show? Who was the fourth judge on X Factor? When did Paula Abdul leave the show? When did Simon Cowell announce he was leaving X Factor? Which Emmy Award-winning talk show host replaced Paula Abdul on X Factor? When did Kara DioGuardi leave the show? In what season were guest judges introduced? Who was the season eight runner-up? In what season did Quentin Tarantino join as a guest judge? In what season was Olivia Newton-John used as a guest judge? In what season was Katy Perry used as a guest judge? Who were the guest judges in season two? In what season was Shania Twain used as a guest judge? In what season did Quentin Tarantino join as a guest judge? Who was the sole emcee of the first season? Along with Ryan Seacrest, who co-hosted the first season of 'Saving Private Ryan'? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons? What did the permanent mentors help the contestants with in the tenth season? Who was the mentor for the tenth through twelfth seasons of Queen? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons? What is the current age limit for contestants? When was the upper limit raised to twenty-eight? What stage of the competition is currently played until season thirteen? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? Who is the only audition stage shown on television? How many contestants make it past the preliminary round of auditions? What is the only audition stage shown on television? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? Who may cut a contestant in front of the selectors? Where are those selected by the judges sent to? In what season were contestants allowed to skip a second solo round and move directly to the final Hollywood round? In which seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood before season ten? In what season did the executive producers split up the females and males and choose the members to form the groups in the group round? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood before season ten? How do contestants perform in Hollywood? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round? Where did the Sudden Death round take place? What was the name of the Las Vegas round? In what season did the Sudden Death round take place? How many text messages were sent to American Idol in season eight? How many seasons did American Idol have nearly 750 million votes? Who verified the votes on American Idol? When is the fate of the contestants decided by public vote? How many votes were cast in the first season of American Idol? How many votes were cast in the first season of American Idol? How many finalists were there in season one? What type of round did the judges use to select the top two finalists? How many groups were in season one? How many groups of contestants were in season two and three? In what season were there three groups of ten semi-finalists? How many finalists were there in season one? How many finalists were there in the first three seasons? How many semi-finalists were there? How were the twenty-four semi-finalists divided? How many of each group remained to form the top twelve? How many of each group remained to form the top twelve? How many top semi-finalists were there? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many groups of twelve were in season eight? How many genders were chosen for each season? How many seasons were there thirty semifinalists? When did the wildcard round return? How many groups of twelve were in season eight? How many wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13? How many genders are in the final? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor for season ten? How many weeks did the finals last? How many weeks did the first season last? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor for season ten? How many seasons did the finals last? How many top songs are in a season? In what season of Idol Gives Back is a Judges' Save allowed? How many times can a "Judges' Save" be used? Where is one of the most popular contestants sent? When was the first episode of Idol Gives Back? How many seasons did 'Fan Save' begin? What account is used to vote for contestants in danger of elimination? What was introduced in the fourteenth season? What account is used to vote for contestants in danger of elimination? What is the first episode of Fan Save? Where was the final episode of 'Bridge of Spies' broadcast? How many people can the Dolby Theatre hold? What is the name of the two-hour last episode of the season? Where was the finale broadcast for seasons one, three, six, and fourteen? How many people can the Dolby Theatre hold? How many people can the Gibson Amphitheatre hold? What was the venue for the finale of season seven? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? Who signed the winner in the fourteenth season? How long did BMG/Sony and UMG have the right to sign contestants after the season's finale? What does the winner receive from a major label? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? Who signed the winner in the fourteenth season? What does each successful contestant receive to proceed on to the next round in Hollywood? What does each successful contestant receive to proceed on to the next round in Hollywood? Who votes for the contestants? What season did American Idol begin to allow contestants to perform with a musical instrument? Who led the American Idol band in season ten? When did Ray Chew begin to lead the American Idol band? Who led the American Idol band? Who led the American Idol band? Who led the American Idol band in season ten? What season did American Idol begin to allow contestants to perform with a musical instrument? What network aired the first season of American Idol? When did American Idol debut as a summer replacement show? Who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? When did the first season of American Idol begin? What network aired the first season of American Idol? Who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? How many contestants were selected from the 10,000 who attended the auditions? How many people attended the auditions? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? Who was one of the early favorites that was eliminated at the top four? Where was Christina Christian when she was eliminated? How many contestants were selected from the 10,000 who attended the auditions? How many contestants were selected for the semifinals? Who was disqualified for lying to evade the age limit? Where was Tamyra Gray eliminated? Who was hospitalized before the top six result show? In what year did Kelly Clarkson win the Grammy? Who was one of the early favorites? When did Kelly Clarkson win the Grammy? Who was one of the early favorites? Who was the final showdown between Justin Guarini and? When did Kelly Clarkson win the Grammy? What was the name of Clarkson's coronation song? What was the name of the film Clarkson and Guarini made after the finale of Idol? How many album sales did Clarkson have on Idol? What was the name of Clarkson's coronation song? What did Clarkson perform during the finale of Idol? What was the name of Clarkson's coronation song? Who held the record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the name of the film Clarkson and Guarini made after the finale of Idol? How many album sales did Clarkson have on Idol? What year was the second season moved to air? Who was the lone host for the second season of The Tonight Show? When was the second season moved to air? Who was the lone host for the second season of The Tonight Show? Who did Corey Clark claim had an affair with? Which semi-finalists were disqualified for having previously modelled for an adult website? Who was disqualified for having an undisclosed police record? Who was the semi-finalists for an arrest on an assault charge? Who was disqualified for having an undisclosed police record? Which semi-finalists were disqualified for having previously modelled for an adult website? Who was the semi-finalists for an arrest on an assault charge? Who emerged as the winner? How many votes did Studdard get? Who did Ruben Studdard beat? How many votes did Studdard get ahead of Clay Aiken? Who was the executive producer of 'Saturday Night Live'? Who emerged as the winner? Who did Ruben Studdard beat? How many votes did Studdard get ahead of Clay Aiken? How many votes did Studdard get? Who did Ruben Studdard beat? What was the name of Studdard's coronation song? Who was the fourth-place finisher in the Aiken vs. Studdard show? What was the name of Aiken's single release from the show? What was the name of Studdard's coronation song? What was the name of Aiken's single release from the show? Who out-performed Studdard's coronation song "Flying Without Wings"? Who was the fourth-place finisher in the Aiken vs. Studdard show? When did season three of Idol begin? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? When did the third season of Idol premiere? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? Who was one of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process? What was Jennifer Hudson's nickname? Which of the Three Divas was controversially eliminated from the show? Who was one of the mentors of the Three Divas? Who received a death threat? What was Jennifer Hudson's nickname? Which of the Three Divas was controversially eliminated from the show? Who was one of the mentors of the Three Divas? Who received a death threat? Who was the last two finalists for Idol? What was the title of Fantasia's coronation single? What song did DeGarmo release? What song did Fantasia perform at the Top 8 of Idol? Who considered Summertime to be his favorite Idol moment? Who were the last two finalists of Idol? What was the name of Barrino's song Summertime? What was the title of Fantasia's coronation single? Who replaced Mario Vazquez? Who replaced Mario Vazquez? What company produces The Tonight Show? Who was in the top 12 finalists? During what week was the vote postponed due to a mix-up with the contestants' telephone number? When was the result reveal postponed? In what year was Carrie Underwood announced as the winner of American Idol? How many records has Carrie Underwood sold worldwide? What was the name of Carrie Underwood's coronation song? Who is the most successful Idol contestant in the U.S.? When was Carrie Underwood announced as the winner of American Idol? Who is the most successful Idol contestant in the U.S.? What was the name of Carrie Underwood's coronation song? How many albums did Carrie Underwood sell on Idol? What is the name of the highest rated season of 'Bridge of Brothers'? Which two contestants were disqualified for identity theft? What is the name of the highest rated season of 'Bridge of Brothers'? When did the fifth season of 'Saturday Night Live' begin? Which two contestants were disqualified for identity theft? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? What was Chris Daughtry's job title? Who performed Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)"? What Live song did Chris Daughtry perform? What was Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "I Walk the Line" criticized for? Who won American Idol in 2006? What was Taylor Hicks' first single? What was the name of McPhee's song? When was Taylor Hicks named to American Idol? Who won American Idol in 2006? What was Taylor Hicks' first single? What was the name of McPhee's song? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who was the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who was the most successful recording artist from this season? In what year did the sixth season of 'Saving Private Ryan' begin? How many viewers watched the sixth season of 'Saving Private Ryan'? When did the sixth season of 'Saving Private Ryan' begin? How many viewers watched the sixth season of 'Saving Private Ryan'? Who was the most talked-about contestant? Who encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar? What weblog encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar? When was Sanjaya Malakar voted off the reality show? Who was the most talked-about contestant? Who was the most talked-about contestant? What unusual do did Sanjaya Malakar have? What weblog encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar? Who encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar? When was Sanjaya Malakar voted off the reality show? What was the first telethon-inspired event on Idol? How much did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was eliminated in the final three of Idol Gives Back? What was the first telethon-inspired event on Idol? Which two contestants were eliminated in the first Idol Gives Back telethon? Who was eliminated in the final three of Idol Gives Back? Who won the May 23 season finale? Who was the runner-up in the May 23 finale? When was Jordin Sparks declared the winner? When was Jordin Sparks declared the winner? Who won the May 23 season finale? Who was the runner-up in the May 23 finale? In what year did the fourth season of 'Saving Private Ryan' premiere? How many people attended the auditions? What was the age limit for the auditions in the fourth season? What was the first season to be aired in high definition? What was the first season to be aired in high definition? When did season four premiere? In what format was the fourth season aired? How many people attended the auditions? What was the age limit for the auditions in the fourth season? What year was the winning song released on American Idol? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? How were the 20 entries selected for the American Idol Songwriter contest? What contest allowed fans to vote for the "coronation song"? What does the American Idol Songwriter contest allow fans to vote for? How many entries were selected for the public vote on American Idol? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? When was the winning song released? What year did 'ringer' season seven premiere? Who was a stripper on 'ringers'? Who was one of the ringers that had prior recording contracts? When did season seven premiere? Who was a stripper on 'ringers'? What did the media focus on in the season seven contestants? Who was one of the ringers that had prior recording contracts? What song did David Cook perform on the top-ten night of American Idol? Who performed the song "Billie Jean"? Who performed the song "Billie Jean"? When did American Idol debut a new stage and set? When did American Idol debut a new stage and set? Who performed the song "Billie Jean"? Who performed the song "Billie Jean"? Who performed John Lennon's "Imagine"? When was Jennifer Lopez brought in as a judge? What was Jason Castro's semi-final performance of? Who performed Jason Castro's version of "Hallelujah"? Where were contestants' recordings released after their performances? What song did David Archuleta perform? Who was brought in as a judge in season ten? Who performed "Hallelujah"? Who performed Jason Castro's version of "Hallelujah"? Where were contestants' recordings released after their performances? Who was the first rocker to win the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? When was David Cook announced as the winner? Who was the first rocker to win the show? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? What is the name of the contest held on American Idol? What year was "The Time of My Life" released? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? When was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest released? In what year did the eighth season premiere? Whose widowhood was the focus of the eighth season? What was Mike Darnell's job title? When did Season eight premiere? When did Season eight premiere? Who was the president of alternative programming for Fox in 2009? Whose widowhood was the focus of the eighth season? Who was the fourth judge of Idol? How long was the Hollywood round extended to? What show did executive producer Nigel Lythgoe focus on? Where was the Hollywood round moved? Why was Idol Gives Back canceled? How many judges did Kara DioGuardi have? Who was the fourth judge of Idol? What show did executive producer Nigel Lythgoe focus on? Where was the Hollywood round moved? What was canceled for this season due to the global recession? How many finalists were there in this season? Who was saved from elimination at the top seven by the judges? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Which two finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were there in this season? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who was saved from elimination at the top seven by the judges? Who were the two finalists? What was the name of the finalists? What state did the majority of the votes come from? How many votes did the show get? What was the name of the finalists? What season was the most controversial voting result since? How many votes did the show get? Who unfairly influenced the votes? What was the name of the coronation song released by Allen and Lambert? Who co-wrote the song No Boundaries? What was the name of the coronation song released by Allen and Lambert? Who co-wrote the song No Boundaries? What did the first season of 'No Boundaries' fail to achieve? How many of the first season's winners achieved platinum album status in the U.S.? When did 'Seasons nine' premiere? Who replaced Paula Abdul on the judging panel? When did Ellen DeGeneres replace Paula Abdul? When did 'Seasons nine' premiere? Who did Ellen DeGeneres replace on the judging panel? Who replaced Paula Abdul on the judging panel? When did Ellen DeGeneres replace Paula Abdul? Who fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis? Who was the show producer that wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? What was the cause of Crystal Bowersox's illness? Who fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis? What week did Crystal Bowersox fall ill? What was rearranged after Crystal Bowersox fell ill? Who was the show producer that wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? Who was Ken Warwick? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? Where was Michael Lynche voted on Idol? Who was the first Idol alum to be a mentor? How much did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? Who was the first Idol alum to be a mentor? Who did a special tribute to in the finale for the final season of 'Saving Private Ryan'? What was presented in the finale for Simon Cowell's final season? Who did a special tribute to in the finale for the final season of 'Saving Private Ryan'? Who was a notable figure from the show's past? Who was the winner of the U2 coronation song? What U2 song did DeWyze choose for his coronation song? When was DeWyze declared the winner? Who was the winner of the U2 coronation song? What U2 song did DeWyze choose for his coronation song? What was the name of the Patty Griffin song Bowersox chose? When did the tenth season of American Idol premiere? How many seasons did American Idol have? Who was the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? Simon Cowell launched the U.S. version of what show? Who returned as executive producer of American Idol? When did the tenth season of American Idol premiere? Who returned as executive producer of American Idol? Who joined Randy Jackson as judges? Who was the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? What season was the first to include online auditions? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? What type of auditions did 'Season ten' include? Where could contestants submit a 40-second video audition? Who was one of the more prominent contestants? In what round was Medina cut? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was one of the more prominent contestants? In what round was Medina cut? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? What show did Casey Abrams miss? Who was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show? Who was one of the presumed favorites to advance far in the season? Who was the actor who criticized Pia Toscano's elimination from Idol? Who was one of the presumed favorites to advance far in the season? Who was the actor who criticized Pia Toscano's elimination from Idol? What type of singer was Scotty McCreery? Who was the fourth male in a row to win American Idol? What was McCreery's first single? What song did Alaina release? What was the first album by an Idol winner to reach No. 1 on the US Billboard 200? When did Scotty McCreery win American Idol? Who was the fourth male in a row to win American Idol? Who was the first male Idol winner to reach No. 1 on the US Billboard 200? When did Season 11 premiere? What was the number of finalist in the Top 24? Who was the other finalist to join the Top 24? When did Season 11 premiere? Who was the other finalist to join the Top 24? When was Jermaine Jones disqualified? What was Jermaine Jones disqualified for? Who was the finalist of Idol? What was Phillip Phillips' blockage caused by? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have during his Idol run? Who was the finalist of Idol? Who was the finalist of Idol? What did Phillip Phillips suffer from? Who was the first female recipient of the save? Who was the first female recipient of the save? Who was the only contestant sent home? What was the first season where a recipient of the save reached the finale? What week did Jessica Sanchez receive the fewest number of votes? Who was the first female recipient of the save? Who was the only contestant sent home? Who did Ace Young propose to marry on stage? How many season finales did Ace Young have? What season did Ace Young propose marriage to? Who won the show? What season was Ace Young a finalist? In what season did Ace Young propose to marry Diana DeGarmo? What was the name of Phillips' coronation song? What was the name of Sanchez's coronation song? What was the name of Phillips' coronation song? What was the name of Sanchez's coronation song? What was the name of Phillips' coronation song? What year did the season 12 premiere? Who did Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler leave the show after two seasons? Who leaked a video of the feud between Minaj and Carey? When did Season 12 premiere? How many judges were on the judging panel? How many males were in the top 10? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants were eliminated in the first five weeks? How many males were in the top 10? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants were given an extra week to perform again? Who won the season of American Idol? Who was the runner-up on American Idol? What is the name of the single Glover released on American Idol? What was the name of Harrison's album? Who won the season of American Idol? Who was the runner-up on American Idol? What is the name of the single Glover released on American Idol? What was the name of Harrison's album? How was the runner-up on American Idol not signed by a music label? Who was the last remaining judge? How many seasons did Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj leave the show? Who was the last remaining judge? Which two judges decided to leave the show after one season to focus on their music careers? When did the 13th season premiere? Who was the host of the 13th season? What was Keith Urban's new position on the judging panel? Who did Louis J. Horvitz replace as a director of the audition episodes? When did the 13th season premiere? Who replaced Ryan Seacrest as host of 'Autumn'? Who was the former judge of 'The Apprentice'? Who was Jennifer Lopez's former mentor? Who was replaced as executive producers of 'A audition'? Who received the fewest votes but was saved from elimination by the judges? What was the 500th episode of The Tonight Show called? What were the contestants allowed to perform in the final rounds? Who received the fewest votes but was saved from elimination by the judges? How many votes did Sam Woolf receive? What was the 500th episode of The Tonight Show called? Who was named the winner of the 2013 AFL season? Who was the runner-up to Caleb Johnson? What was the name of Johnson's coronation single? What song did Irene release? Who was named the winner of the 2013 AFL season? Who was the runner-up to Caleb Johnson? What was the name of Johnson's coronation single? What song did Irene release? When did the fourteenth season premiere? Who was the host of The 14th season? Who was the eighth season runner-up? Jennifer Lopez, Keith Urban, and Harry Connick, Jr. returned for their respective fourth, third, and second seasons as what? Who did not return as the in-house mentor for the fourteenth season? When did the fourteenth season premiere? Who was the eighth season runner-up? How many episodes a week were aired during the final ten? Who ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which company continued to play a reduced role in the final ten episodes? Who did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? How many episodes a week were aired during the final ten? Who ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which company continued to play a reduced role in the final ten episodes? Who did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? Who was the first winner from the Northeast region? Who did Nick Fradiani defeat? Who released a single called "Forcefield"? What was the name of Fradiani's coronation single? What was the name of the single released by Jax? Who was the first winner from the Northeast region? Who did Nick Fradiani defeat? What was the name of Fradiani's coronation single? What song did Beckham release? Who released a single called "Forcefield"? In what year did Fox announce that American Idol would be the final season? How many seasons of American Idol did Fox announce? How many seasons does American Idol have? What is Jennifer Lopez's job on American Idol? Who returns as host of American Idol? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol? Who returns as host of American Idol? How many contestants have appeared in the finals of all seasons of Idol? When did Idol begin? What part of the United States have ten of the fourteen Idol winners come from? What state is Chris Daughtry from? What state is Chris Daughtry from? How many of the Idol winners have come from the Southern United States? Which of Idol's finalists is from North Carolina? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants through January 2010? How much more likely to watch American Idol in Kentucky? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants through January 2010? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants with ties to the American South? Who was the season five winner of Idol? What state is Taylor Hicks from? Where do many people get their start in public singing? Where do many people get their start in public singing? What state is Taylor Hicks from? What did Idol pundits call the "WGWG" factor? Who was the winner of American Idol: The Untold Story? What book is Richard Rushfield the author of? How many consecutive seasons did Idol have a white male playing the guitar? What did Idol call the "White guy with guitar"? What did Idol pundits call the "WGWG" factor? Who is the author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story? Who was the winner of American Idol: The Untold Story? Who did the contestants have to sign a onerous contract with? Who beat Clay Aiken in season two? Who did Ruben Studdard beat in season two? When did Vote for the Worst close? How many more text votes were there in season 8? When did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? In what season did the massive increase in text votes fuel the texting controversy? What has been a source of controversy in the first season of 'Vote for the Worst'? When did Vote for the Girls begin? When did Vote for the Worst close? What is the name of the charity event on Idol? How much money has Idol Gives Back raised? What is the name of the charity event on Idol? When did Idol Gives Back begin? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers watched American Idol in 2002? How many viewers watched American Idol on finale night? When did American Idol premiere? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers watched American Idol in 2002? How many viewers watched American Idol on finale night? How many viewers watched the first season of American Idol? How many viewers watched American Idol in the first season? Who won over Clay Aiken in the final episode of American Idol? What season did American Idol become the most watched show amongst all viewers on American TV for the first time? When did American Idol reach its peak? How many viewers watched the first season of American Idol? How many viewers watched American Idol in the first season? By what season had American Idol become the most watched show amongst all viewers on American TV for the first time? What was the first season of American Idol that had the highest rating? What was the first season of American Idol that had the highest rating? What was the name of American Idol's first season? Who aired The Cosby Show? What was the first season of American Idol that had the highest rating? What was the name of American Idol's first season? What did season six show in terms of viewership? What did the first season of American Idol have an average rating higher than? What season did Fox become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time since its inception? What was the cause of the fall in viewership? What season did Fox become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time since its inception? Who was eliminated from 'The Battle of the Davids'? What season did Fox become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time since its inception? What did the strong finish of season seven help Fox become in the country for the first time since its inception? What was the cause of the fall in viewership? Who's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics broke Idol's six-year streak of perfection in the ratings? Which network had a previous record of five consecutive seasons of American Idol? In what year did NBC's coverage of the Winter Olympics break Idol's streak of perfection in the ratings? What event was NBC covering on February 17? How many viewers watched the 2010 Winter Olympics? How many years was Idol's streak of perfection in the ratings? What was Fox's median age in its first season? What was Fox's median age in the 2010-11 season? What was Fox's median age in the 2010-11 season? What was Fox's median age in its first season? How many years ago did American Idol lose the leading position in both the total viewers number and the 18-49 demo? What was American Idol's season finale compared to on NBC? For the first time in how many years did American Idol lose the leading position in both the total viewers number and the 18-49 demo? What was the average viewership for the 12th season of American Idol? How many viewers watched American Idol in the 2013-14 season? When was the first season of American Idol created? How many viewers did the finale of American Idol have fewer of than the previous season? What was the average viewership for the 12th season of American Idol? Who was the major sponsor of American Idol in the 14th season? How many viewers watched the fourteenth season finale? How many viewers watched the fourteenth season of American Idol? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season of American Idol would be its last? How many viewers watched the fourteenth season finale? How many times did American Idol expand in the 90s and 2000s? What is the age range of adults on Fox? Who was the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults 18-49? Who was the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults 18-49? Who was the creator of Idol? Along with So You Think You Can Dance, what is an example of a non-singing TV show? What is the name of the singing competition show that aired in the mid-2000s and early 2010s? What is one of the most successful shows in U.S. television history? What is one of the most successful shows in U.S. television history? What is one of the most successful shows in U.S. television history? How many number one hits did American Idol alumni achieve on the Billboard charts in its first ten years? Who is the president of Mediabase? Who led the field with over four million radio spins? How many number one hits did American Idol alumni achieve on the Billboard charts in its first ten years? Who is the author of books on the Billboard charts? How many American Idol winners had more than a million radio spins in 2010? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have? How many albums did the American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many singles did the American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many albums did the American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many singles did the American Idol alumni have as of 2013? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? What was Debra Byrd's job? Where does the impact of American Idol be felt? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? What was Jennifer Hudson's film role on American Idol? Who recommended Idol vocal coach Jennifer Hudson? What magazine described American Idol as "crazily entertaining"? What did the season one winner sing at the Lincoln Memorial? Who said that American Idol was "crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential"? What magazine described American Idol as "crazily entertaining"? Who called American Idol "a conniving multimedia monster"? Where did the season one winner sing the national anthem? What magazine did Michael Slezak work for? Who was the judge of Idol? Who was a notable singer on Idol? What newspaper did Ramin Setoodeh work for? What did Sheryl Crow think Idol promote? Who said Idol has "reshaped the American songbook"? Who was the judge of Idol? Who was a notable singer on Idol? Who turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? When did Carrie Underwood win the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who commented on Carrie Underwood winning the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who was a mentor on American Idol? Who won the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards in 2006? Who did Carrie Underwood win the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over? Who commented on Carrie Underwood winning the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? What genre of music is Idol particularly successful in? What genre of music is Idol particularly successful in? How many times was American Idol nominated for an Emmy? Who directed American Idol? How many Creative Arts Emmys did American Idol win in 2007? What edition of American Idol won a Governor's Award in 2007? How many years was American Idol nominated for an Emmy? What Emmy did American Idol win for its Idol Gives Back edition? How much money did American Idol generate in 2004? What was the total TV revenue for the first eight seasons of American? What was the name of the Disney theme park attraction that American Idol partnered with? How much money did American Idol generate in 2004? Who partnered with American Idol in its theme park attraction? When did American Idol become the most expensive show for advertisers? How much did American Idol sell for the finale? How much did a 30-second spot cost on American Idol? How much did American Idol sell in season seven? When did American Idol become the most expensive show for advertisers? How much was American Idol's advertising revenue in the first few seasons? In what season did Ford Motor Company and Coca-Cola sponsor American Idol? In what season did Ford Motor Company and Coca-Cola sponsor American Idol? What was the third major sponsor of American Idol? When did Coca-Cola end its sponsorship of American Idol? How long has iTunes sponsored American Idol? How much did the first season of American Idol cost? How much did the first season of American Idol cost? Who was the third major sponsor of American Idol? What did AT&T use to vote on American Idol? How many product placements did American Idol show on season six? Who declined to sponsor American Idol? What was the American version of Cowell's show that PepsiCo sponsored? Who declined to sponsor American Idol? What was the American version of Cowell's show that PepsiCo sponsored? Where did Pepsi rank in the 2010 American Idol rankings? Which season was the most successful tour? Who was a sponsor of the season nine tour? What was added to the season twelve tour? Who was the sponsor for the first seven seasons? Who was a sponsor of the season nine tour? Which season was the most successful tour? In what season were live performances and studio recordings made available from iTunes? How many seasons did American Idol release recordings as a compilation album? Where were the live performances and studio recordings made available on American Idol? What does American Idol release for sale? How were the recordings released for the first five seasons of American Idol? What was American Idol? Where were the live performances and studio recordings made available on American Idol? What is the name of the recording label owned by 19 Entertainment? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol? What was the name of the Bertelsmann Music Group? Who owns 19 Recordings? What is the name of the recording label owned by 19 Entertainment? What was the name of the Bertelsmann Music Group? Who did BMG partner with in 2005-2007? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol? Who debuted the American Idol Experience? In what year did the American Idol Experience begin? When did the American Idol Experience close? Who co-produced the American Idol Experience? When did the American Idol Experience begin? Where was the American Idol Experience held? What did the winner of the finals show receive? When did the American Idol Experience close? How many nations is American Idol broadcast to outside of the US? Who aired the first thirteen seasons of American Idol live in Canada? In what year did Yes TV announce that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol? Who picked up Canadian rights to American Idol in August 2014? How many nations is American Idol broadcast to outside of the US? Who aired the first thirteen seasons of American Idol in Canada? Who picked up Canadian rights to American Idol in August 2014? Who broadcasts the twelfth season in Italy? How many days after the U.S. telecast does the show air in the UK? Who broadcasts 'Bridge of Spies' in southeast Asia? When is STAR World broadcast in Southeast Asia? Who broadcasts 'Bridge of Spies' in southeast Asia? Who broadcasts the twelfth season in Italy? What are contestants referred to as when planted by the producers? How many consecutive years did American Idol become the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States? How many consecutive years did American Idol become the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States? What is another name for the domestic dog? What type of dog has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes? How long has the domestic dog been selectively bred? Along with physical attributes and behaviors, what has the domestic dog been selectively bred for? When were genetic studies undertaken on dogs? How many years ago did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? Where was the wolf-like canid extinct 40,000 years ago? What type of diet do dogs thrive on? What indicates that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What are dogs a source of in some cultures? What Proto-Germanic word does the term "dog" derive from? The term dog may ultimately derive from the earliest layer of what vocabulary? What is the Old English word for a "powerful dog breed"? The term dog may ultimately derive from the earliest layer of what vocabulary? What was the general word for all domestic canines in the 14th century? What is a subtype of hound? In what century did hound become the general word for canines? What was the general word for all domestic canines in the 14th century? When did hound become the general word for canines? In the 16th century, hound had begun to refer only to types used for what? What is the Proto-Indo-European word for hound? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the French term for a puppy? What is the process of birth called? What is a female canine called in breeding circles? What is a female canine called in breeding circles? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the name of the mother of a litter? What are the offspring of a litter called? What is a Latin word meaning dog? When did Linnaeus publish a categorization of species which included the Canis species? What taxonomist published a categorization of species which included the Canis species? What animal did Linnaeus classify as Canis lupus? What published in 1982 listed the Canis species as "Dog-family"? What is a Latin word meaning dog? What does Canis familiaris mean? What did Linnaeus call the wolf? What is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog? When was the first edition of Mammal Species of the World published? When did the ICZN rule that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal? What publication upheld the ICZN's Opinion 2027? What name do a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use? Who ruled that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal? What name do a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use? Who ruled that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal? In what opinion did the ICZN rule that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal? What strongly supported dogs and gray wolves forming two sister monophyletic clades within the one species? What is the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves? Who were the earliest dogs arose in the time of? Arctic dog breeds are close to which wolf because of admixture? What did the earliest dogs arose in the time of? Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, Taymyr wolf, and what other animal diverged around 27,000-40,000 years ago? Arctic dog breeds are close to what wolf of North Asia? What breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal? What are the teeth of a dog used for? What are dogs predators and? What type of bones does a dog have? What does the cardiovascular system of a dog support? What are the teeth of a dog used for? What are dogs predators and? What are dogs highly variable in? What was the largest known dog? What was the largest known dog? What type of coat is common with dogs from colder climates? What type of hair does a "double" dog have? What type of coat is common with dogs from colder climates? What type of coat does a "single" dog have? What is a common natural camouflage pattern? What surface of a countershaded animal will have dark coloring? What is a common natural camouflage pattern? What kind of coloring does a countershaded animal have on its upper surfaces? What does the light coloring of a countershaded animal reduce? What is one shape for a dog's tail? What does a dog's tail communicate? What is one shape for a dog's tail? What are some breeds of dogs prone to? What are fleas, ticks, and mites? What type of females are pyometra? What breed of dog is pyometra? What are fleas, ticks, and mites? What is the effect of common human foods and household ingestibles on dogs? What is a common human ingestible that is toxic to dogs? What type of nuts are toxic to dogs? What is the term for chocolate solids? What is the effect of common human foods and household ingestibles on dogs? What substance is found in tobacco that can be dangerous to dogs? What kind of chocolate can be fatal to a dog? How long do mixed breeds live on average? What happens to a dog's lifespan if it's heavier? When did a study find that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds? How long do mixed breeds live on average? What is the range for median longevity of dogs? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux breed? Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds have median longevities of what? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux breed? What are the median longevities of the longest-lived breeds of dogs? What is the name of the longest-lived dog? What is the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records? When did Bluey die? What is the name of the longest-lived dog? When did Bluey die? What is the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records? How many years does it take for large breeds of dogs to reach sexual maturity? What does the body prepare for during the estrous cycle? At what age can sexual maturity be delayed for large breeds of dogs? What is the name of the first cycle of sexual maturity in female dogs? How long do dogs bear their litters after fertilization? How long is the average gestation time of a dog's litter? How many puppies are in an average litter? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? How long is the average gestation time of a dog's litter? How many puppies are in an average litter? How many puppies do toy dogs produce in each litter? What is the term for the sterilization of animals? Which animal control agency advises that dogs not intended for further breeding should be neutered? What part of a male's body is usually removed to prevent sex drive? What parts of the female's uterus are usually removed in neutering? What part of a male's body is usually removed to prevent sex drive? What parts of the female's uterus are usually removed in neutering? What do many animal control agencies advise that dogs not intended for further breeding should be? What reduces problems caused by hypersexuality in male dogs? What does neutering increase the risk of in female dogs? What type of female dogs are less likely to develop some forms of cancer? What does neutering increase the risk of in female dogs? What type of cancer does neutering increase the risk of in male dogs? What dog was shown to know the labels of over 200 different items in a study? What was the name of a border collie? What human body language are dogs able to read and react to? What type of dog can outperform domestic dogs in non-social problem-solving experiment? What do modern domestic dogs use humans for? What is the term for the ability of a dog to perceive information and retain it as knowledge for applying to solve problems? How many labels did Rico know? What kind of memory skills do dogs have? How many words could Chaser associate by verbal command? How long have dogs been in contact with humans? What have the minds of dogs inevitably been shaped by millennia of contact with? Behavioral scientists have uncovered a surprising set of social-cognitive abilities that parallel what? What have the minds of dogs inevitably been shaped by millennia of contact with? What have the minds of dogs inevitably been shaped by millennia of contact with? What is the internal coordinated responses of the domestic dog to internal and/or external stimuli called? What have dogs acquired the ability to do with humans? Behavioral scientists have uncovered a surprising set of social-cognitive skills that parallel some of the social-cognitive skills of what? What is gustatory communication? What do humans use to communicate with dogs? What is it called when dogs speak to each other? What do humans use to communicate with dogs? What do wolves and wolves have a number of diagnostic features to distinguish them from? What is the cause of a dog's limp ears? What distinguishes gray wolves from domestic dogs? How often do wolves enter estrus? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs? What do the gene variations indicate selection on during dog domestication? What is the fight-or-flight response? What do dogs generally show reduced compared to wolves? What were wolves and dogs primarily selected for? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs? What do dogs generally show reduced fear and less of compared to wolves? What is the global dog population estimated at? What is the global dog population estimated at? What are all dog population estimates based on? What type of predators are large wild dogs? What kind of ness have wolves displayed when attacking dogs? What animal can be a major food source for big cats or canines? What type of predators are large wild dogs? What do wolves kill more frequently than dogs? What animals in Russia limit feral dog populations? Tigers in Manchuria, Indochina, Indonesia, and Malaysia are reputed to kill dogs with the same vigor as what other animal? What is a major predator of village dogs in Turkmenistan? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? What type of animal has a predilection for dogs? What animal is reputed to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? What is a major predator of village dogs in Turkmenistan? What is another term for carnivores? What types of foods will a dog healthily digest? What type of carnivores are cats? What are dogs sometimes described as in scholarly and other writings? What are dogs not dependent on in order to fulfill their basic dietary requirements? What type of digestion do dogs have adaptations in genes involved in? How old are most breeds of dog? What are dogs artificially selected for by people for specific functional roles? How has a dog developed into hundreds of varied breeds? What breed of dog has more behavioral and morphological variation than any other land mammal? How old are most breeds of dog? How many breeds of dogs have been created by selective breeding? What is another name for gray? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? Natural selection and selective what have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? Who keeps modern dog breeds? What have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? Natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to what? What type of classifications are modern dog breeds? How do kennel clubs classify dogs? How many major types of dogs can be statistically distinct? What are two examples of "old world dogs"? What type of dog is Border Collie? How many major types of dogs can be statistically distinct? Malamute and Shar Pei are examples of what type of dogs? What is another name for "modern"- or "hunting"-type dogs? What behavior did domestic dogs inherited from their wolf ancestors? What do dogs inherited from their wolf ancestors? What has the relationship of dogs with humans enabled them to become? What behavior did domestic dogs inherited from their wolf ancestors? What type of people were dogs valuable to? What is one of the roles dogs perform for people? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What are dogs used for in some cultures? What would a dog clean up in a camp? What is the Australian Aboriginal term for an exceptionally cold night? What would a dog's acute hearing provide to a camp? How would dogs have improved sanitation in a human camp? What is the Australian Aboriginal term for an exceptionally cold night? What did a 2004 study of hunter groups with and without a dog give quantitative support to the hypothesis that the benefits of what was an important factor in wolf domestication? When did a study of hunter groups with and without a dog support the hypothesis that cooperative hunting was an important factor in wolf domestication? What do Anthropologists believe was the most significant benefit of using dogs? What is the relationship between the presence of a dog and success in the hunt often mentioned as a primary reason for? What type of dog may have been critical to the success of the waves that entered North America? What bridge did emigrants from Siberia walk across? How long ago is the earliest evidence of dog-like canids in North America? How long ago did the first waves of sled dogs arrive in North America? Who was the only domesticated animal in North America? What tribes migrated with dogs 1,400 years ago? What animal was introduced to North America? What animal was buried at the Natufian culture site of Ain Mallaha? What two animals have the most widespread form of interspecies bonding? When did pet dog populations grow significantly? When did the role of the pet dog increase? How were dogs kept in the 1950s and 1960s? Who keeps dogs as companions? How were dogs kept in the 1950s and 1960s? When did the role of the pet dog increase? What is the term for the shaping of the dog to conform to human expectations of personality and behaviour? What has the 'commodification' of the dog led to? How many major trends have there been in the changing status of pet dogs? What is the term for the shaping of the dog to conform to human expectations of personality and behaviour? What does the broadening of the concept of the family and home include dogs-as-dogs within? What type of forms are available to transform a pet dog into an ideal companion? In what century did dog training begin? What do dogs do to establish territory through scent? How far back can dog training be traced? What do dogs do to establish territory through scent? What is an organized activity that can be traced back to the 18th century? What do most people with dogs describe their pet as? What television program promoted a dominance model of dog-human relationships? What do most people with dogs describe their pet as? What television program promoted a dominance model of dog-human relationships? What do dogs often bring from the lawn? What did dogs often lick in the dishwasher? What is an example of an activity in which a dog is an integral partner? What do dogs do as family members? What did dogs often bring from the lawn? How many people in the US have pet dogs? How many people in the US have pet dogs? What does MRI stand for? What do dogs have the same response to? What part of the body do dogs use to recognize human sounds? What type of sounds do dogs recognize? What is another name for magnetic resonance imaging? What kind of human sounds do dogs recognize? What is the unique nickname for a dog? What are pointers and hounds? What do dogs help fishermen with? What was the name of the first dog to orbit the Earth? What type of dog was the first to orbit the Earth? What is the unique nickname for a dog? What are some hunting dogs that dogs have been bred for? What do dogs help fishermen with? What was the name of the first dog to orbit the Earth? In what year did a husky-terrier mix become the first animal to orbit the Earth? What type of dogs provide assistance to individuals with disabilities? What does a service dog allow a guardian to seek? What is another name for conformation shows? Who evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type? What does a judge evaluate individual purebred dogs for? What does the breed standard only deal with? What are separately tested qualities not part of the judging in? Who evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type? What does the breed standard only deal with? What is an example of a separately tested quality that is not part of the judging in conformation shows? Where is dog meat consumed? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures regard consumption of dog meat as? What is believed to be good for the lungs? What do proponents of eating dog meat argue that placing a distinction between livestock and dogs is? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures regard consumption of dog meat as? What is dog fat believed to have in Poland? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? What is gaejang-guk? What is the purpose of gaejang-guk? What does the 19th century version of gaejang-guk say is used to boil dog meat with? When is gaejang-guk meant to balance the body's heat? What does the 19th century version of gaejang-guk say is used to boil dog meat with? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? How many fatalities were there in the US in the 1980s and 1990s? How many fatalities per year did the Center for Disease Control estimate in the 2000s? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? In what decade did the number of dog bites increase to 26? What did a Colorado study find about bites in children? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000 inhabitants in the US? What is the incidence rate of dog bites for boys aged 5 to 9? Where do children have a much higher chance to be bitten? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch lead to? In what state did a study find that bites in children were less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence rate of dog bites for boys aged 5 to 9? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch lead to? What animal is a factor in more than 86,000 falls in the US each year? What type of vehicles are most commonly involved in dog-associated road accidents? What type of vehicles are most commonly involved in dog-associated road accidents? What is Toxocara canis? Where can toxocara canis eggs be found? How many cases of Toxocara canis infection are reported in humans each year? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? What is another name for Toxocara canis? How much of the US population is infected with Toxocara canis eggs? How many cases of Toxocara canis infection are reported in humans each year? How many soil samples in Great Britain contained T. canis eggs? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? In what year did a paper state that recent research has failed to support earlier findings that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What does research point to less of among children who live with pets? In what year did a paper state that recent research has failed to support earlier findings that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What did people with pet dogs do more of than people with cats and those without pets? What did people with pet dogs do more of than people with cats and those without pets? What can protect against allergies and autoimmune diseases? What do dogs facilitate between humans? In what year did a study find that pet owners were more likely to get to know people in their neighborhood? What do people show reductions in when in the presence of a pet dog? Who do wheelchair users experience more positive social interactions with when accompanied by a dog? Where were animals introduced to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What can animal-assisted therapy increase among people with Alzheimer's disease? What did children who participated in an education program with dogs and other animals decrease? When did the practice of using dogs and other animals as a part of therapy begin? Where were animals introduced to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What animal was used in therapy to help socialize people with mental disorders? What can increase social behaviors among people with Alzheimer's disease? What are medical detection dogs capable of detecting by sniffing a person directly or samples of urine? How large is the brain's olfactory cortex of a dog compared to humans? How many parts of odour can a dog detect? How large is the brain's olfactory cortex of a dog compared to humans? How many cancer patients has Daisy detected? Who is a three-headed watchdog who guards the gates of Hades? What does Cerberus guard in Greek mythology? What dog guards Helheim in Norse mythology? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? Tadaklan is the god of what? Which mythology has two four-eyed dogs guarding the Chinvat Bridge? Who is a three-headed watchdog who guards the gates of Hades? What dog guards Helheim in Norse mythology? What is Tadaklan? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? What do the dogs watch over in Hindu mythology? What Hindu god owns two watch dogs? What do offerings at the Muthappan Temple take the form of? What Hindu god owns two watch dogs? In Hindu mythology, Yama owns two watch dogs who are said to watch over what? What does the hunter god Muthappan have a hunting dog as? What do offerings at the Muthappan Temple take the form of? How are dogs viewed in Islam? What are dogs viewed as in Islam? Where was Hasan Küçük from? What are dogs required to wear when searching mosques or Muslim homes? What are dogs viewed as in Islam? In what year did Hasan Küçük call for dog ownership to be made illegal in The Hague? Where did Islamic activists want to keep dogs out of Muslim neighborhoods? What are sniffer dogs not allowed to contact passengers in Britain? What do dogs represent in Christianity? Jewish law requires Jews to feed dogs before who? What does Jewish law require Jews to do with dogs? What do dogs represent in Christianity? What are dogs viewed as in Asian countries? In what Asian country are dogs viewed as kind protectors? How are dogs viewed in Asian countries? Where were dogs portrayed in art for thousands of years? What type of scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? Where were dogs portrayed in art for thousands of years? What were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? What happened to the representations of dogs as individual breeds evolved? Dogs are vulnerable to some of the same health conditions as what other species? What breed of dog is incapable of mounting the female? What is the most common response of a scavenger dog when approached by strangers? What is the most common response of a scavenger dog when approached by strangers? What is the vast majority of modern research on dog cognition focused on? What would wolves and their dog descendants have derived from living in human camps? What was one of the key forces that led to human success? Why have studies suggesting that a dog can enhance physical health and psychological wellbeing been criticised? What do people who keep pet dogs or cats make fewer visits to? What year was the tradition of the "Journey of Harmony" started? How long did the Journey of Harmony last? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What was the name of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? Where was the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay announced? What was the name of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? How far did the "Journey of Harmony" carry the torch? When was the Olympic torch lit? Where is the birthplace of the Olympic Games? When did the Olympic torch arrive in Beijing? How many continents did the torch pass through? What road has the torch visited cities along? Where is the birthplace of the Olympic Games? When was the Olympic torch lit? Where did the Olympic torch travel to in Athens? When did the torch arrive in Beijing? What mountain was the torch ascent to from the Chinese side? How many people protested the torch relay in San Francisco? How many people protested the torch relay in Pyongyang? How were people protesting China's human rights record? Who extinguished the torch several times during the Paris leg? Who described the attacks on the torch in London and Paris as "despicable"? What was the number of protesters in San Francisco? Who overwhelmed the protesters in Australia, Japan, and South Korea? Who overwhelmed the protesters in Australia, Japan, and South Korea? What did the Chinese government describe as "despicable disruptions"? Where were there no major protests? Who was the president of the IOC? Rogge said any athletes displaying what flag could be expelled from the games? What did the IOC decide to scrap? Who was the president of the IOC? What did Rogge say could happen to athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues? Who called for the cancellation of the torch relay? What did the IOC decide to scrap? What was the name of the international torch relay that was to be cancelled in June 2008? What was the name of the international torch relay that was to be cancelled in June 2008? What is the traditional Chinese design of the Olympic Torch? What is the Olympic Torch made from? How much does the Olympic Torch weigh? What is used to ignite and extinguish the flame of the Olympic Torch? What is the traditional Chinese design of the Olympic Torch? What is the Olympic Torch made from? How many miles per hour is the Olympic Torch lit in? How many centimetres high is the Olympic Torch? What is the fuel for the Olympic Torch? What aircraft did the Olympic torch travel in? What colors were the Air China Airbus A330 painted in? When was Air China chosen as the designated Olympic torch carrier? How long was the duration of the Olympic torch carrier? What was the name of the Air China torch carrier? What colors were the Air China Airbus A330 painted in? Who was the designated Olympic torch carrier in March 2008? How many days did the torch travel? How many countries and regions did the torch travel through? How many continents did the Torch Relay traverse? Where was the initial stop for the Torch Relay? What cities did the Republic of China say Taiwan could be placed on the same level as? How many continents did the Torch Relay traverse from March 2008 to August 2008? Where did disputes arise over the flag or the anthem of the Republic of China? What cities did the Republic of China say Taiwan could be placed on the same level as? How many kilometers long was the torch route in Taiwan? When was the Olympic Flame ignited? Where was the torch lighting ceremony held? Who was the first torchbearer? Who was the first torchbearer? What was the date of the torch lighting ceremony in Athens? Where was the torch lighting ceremony held? Who was the first torchbearer? What medal did Alexandros Nikolaidis win at the 2004 Summer Olympics? Who was the first torchbearer? In what country was the Olympic Flame ignited? What French store was boycotted by Chinese protesters? Who was Carrefour's major shareholder? What did some Chinese protesters add Nazism's Swastika to? Which Chinese city was the first to boycott Carrefour? Who was Carrefour's major shareholder? How did the Chinese government try to calm the situation? What French store was boycotted by Chinese protesters? What newspaper urged Chinese people to express their patriotic enthusiasm in an orderly and legal manner? What newspaper urged Chinese people to express their patriotic enthusiasm in an orderly and legal manner? What type of manner did the People's Daily urge Chinese people to express their patriotic aspiration in? Where was the first torchbearer? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? Where did Nazarbaev take the Olympic torch? Who was arrested in Almaty? Where was the first torchbearer in Almaty? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? How many kilometers did the Olympic torch run from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? When was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? Where did the torch relay finish? Where did the torch relay leg in Istanbul begin? Who protested at the Chinese treatment of their compatriots in Xinjiang? Where was the torch relay held? Where did the torch relay leg in Istanbul begin? Where did the torch relay finish? Who protested at the treatment of their compatriots in Xinjiang? What happened to the Uyghurs who tried to disrupt the torch relay? When did the Olympic torch arrive in Saint Petersburg? Where did the Olympic torch start in Saint Petersburg? Where did the Olympic torch finish in Saint Petersburg? Who was the first MMA fighter to carry the Olympic torch? Where did the Olympic torch arrive on April 5? Where did the Olympic torch start in Saint Petersburg? What was the final destination of the Olympic torch relay in Saint Petersburg? Who was the first MMA fighter to carry the Olympic torch? Where was the 2012 Summer Olympics held? When was the torch relay leg held in London? How much did the security for the torch relay cost? Where was the 2012 Summer Olympics held? Where did the torch relay leg in London begin? Where did the torch relay leg of the 2012 Summer Olympics end? How long was the torch relay leg in miles? What did London Mayor Ken Livingstone and Lord Coe call the Chinese security guards? How many torch bearers were in London? Who started the London torch relay? Who refused to carry the torch? Who welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street? Who started the London torch relay? How many torch bearers were in London? Who refused to carry the torch? Where did Gordon Brown welcome the torch? Where did a demonstrator attempt to snatch the torch from Konnie Huq? When was the torch relay leg held in Paris? Where did the torch relay begin? How did the torch finish the relay? Who did David Douillet hand over the torch to? When was the torch relay leg held in Paris? Where was the torch relay held? Where did the torch relay begin? How many French police protected the Olympic torch relay? How many times was the torch put out? Who flown a Tibetan flag from a window in Paris? Who was the third torchbearer in Paris? What did the Chinese call Jin Jing? What did Chinese officials cancel? Who was the third torchbearer in Paris? What did the Chinese call Jin Jing? Who flown a Tibetan flag from a window in Paris? What organization organized symbolic protests at the Eiffel Tower? Where did Reporters Without Borders climb to hang a protest banner? Where did Reporters Without Borders hang a protest banner? What did Reporters Without Borders hang from the Eiffel Tower? What organization organized symbolic protests at the Eiffel Tower? Where did Reporters Without Borders hang a protest banner? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? Who spoke to the media about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? Who was the President of the French Tibetan community? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? How did the pro-Tibet protesters remain at the Trocadéro? Who spoke to the media about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? What did Jane Birkin speak about the lack of in China? What did all political parties in Parliament request a pause in? What did the banner read? What did the MPs shout as they drove past the National Assembly? Where did French politicians organize a protest against the National Assembly? What did all political parties in Parliament request a pause in? What did the banner read? What did the MPs shout as they drove past the National Assembly? What did French police confiscate from demonstrators? What newspaper criticized the French police for confiscating Tibetan flags from demonstrators? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? What did French police confiscate from demonstrators? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? Who struck a cameraman? Where was the torch relay's North American leg held? What was the date of the torch relay's North American leg? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the closing ceremony for the torch relay held? Who is the head of the U.S. Olympic Committee? Where was the torch relay's North American leg held? What was the date of the torch relay's North American leg? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the planned closing ceremony for the torch relay held? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco? What did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors want to stop in regards to China and occupied Tibet? When did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approve a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco? When did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approve a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco? Where did the protests take place? Who led a protest at San Francisco's United Nations Plaza? Where did the activists unfurl two banners? What TV station did Laurel Sutherlin speak to from a cellphone? Who requested that the torch route in San Francisco be shortened? Where did the activists unfurl two banners? Who protested the torch's arrival in San Francisco? How many supporters did the protesters have? How many activists unfurl two banners on April 7, 2008? Where did the first runner in the relay disappear into? Who was the torchbearer that was ejected from the relay? Who was the torchbearer that was ejected from the relay? What part of San Francisco did the torch run through? Where was the final stretch of the torch run moved? What was the name of the thoroughfare where the torch resurfaced? What was the date of the torch relay in Buenos Aires? Where did the torchbearer's show take place? Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Where was the torch relay held? What was the start of the torch relay in Buenos Aires? Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Who was the first torchbearer? What did people show the parade route with? Who said they would not put out the Olympic torch? Where did the alternative march take place? What banner was displayed on the torch route in Buenos Aires? Who said they would not put out the Olympic torch? Where did the alternative march take place? What did the protesters display on the torch route from the Obelisk to the city hall? What banner was displayed on the torch route in Buenos Aires? What NGO did Carcavallo say they would not put out the Olympic torch? Who is the outreach director of HRTR? What non-profit is funded by Tom Lanto's wife? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? How many police officers were involved in the security of the torch relay? What was thrown in an attempt to extinguish the Olympic flame? What non-profit is funded by Tom Lanto's wife? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? How many police officers were involved in the security of the torch relay? What was thrown in an attempt to extinguish the Olympic flame? How were the protests in Buenos Aires? Where was the torch's only stop in Africa? When did the Olympic torch stop in Africa? What was China's largest foreign aid project in the 1970s? Where was the torch's only stop in Africa? What was China's largest foreign aid project in the 1970s? What stadium was built with Chinese aid in 2005? Who built the TAZARA Railway? Who lit the Olympic torch? Where was the only stop in the Middle East for the Oman torch? What was the date of the Muscat torch's only stop in the Middle East? Who was one of the torchbearers? Where was the only stop in the Middle East for the Oman torch? How many kilometers did the Muscat torch cover? Who was one of the torchbearers? When did the Olympic torch reach Islamabad for the first time? Where was the Olympic torch carried? Who was the Prime Minister of Pakistan at the opening of the Olympic torch relay? Where did the Olympic torch reach for the first time? Where was the torch carried during the indoor ceremony? When was the relay cut to 2.3 km? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? Who refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay? How many torchbearers withdrew from the event? What city did the torch relay run through on April 17? How many miles was the relay through New Delhi reduced to? How many runners participated in the torch relay in New Delhi? How many torchbearers withdrew from the event? Who refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay? What celebrations are considered terrorist targets? Who was the Indian ambassador to Beijing? Who was Kamal Nath? Who was India's Commerce Minister? When was the ambassador summoned to the Foreign Ministry? What celebrations are considered terrorist targets? What are Republic Day celebrations considered? How many Tibetans live in India? What did India say about India's response to Chinese demands for a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route? Who rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community? How many Tibetans live in India? Indian officials said a wholesale ban on what was out of the question? What group did India refuse to grant permission for the torch relay? What did the deterioration of relations between India and China cause? Who said it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay? Who refused to participate in the Olympic torch relay? What does IPS stand for? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? When did Soha Ali Khan pull out of the Olympic torch relay? Who refused to participate in the Olympic torch relay? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? Where was the protest against Chinese repression in Tibet held? Who broke up the protest? What did Kiran Bedi call herself when she refused to participate in the Olympic torch relay? When was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand? Who was the Green World Foundation chairwoman? Who protested against China's actions in Tibet? When was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand? How many kilometers did the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand cover? Who did Thai authorities threaten to arrest? Who boycotted the relay? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Kuala Lumpur? What was the capital of Malaysia? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? When was the last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? Where did the Olympic torch relay end? When was the last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia? How many people were on the team that guarded the Olympic torch relay? Who protested in front of the Chinese embassy? Who protested in front of the Chinese embassy? What did Chinese nationals use to hit a Japanese family? What did the Chinese group shout at the Japanese? What did the Chinese take away from two other Malaysians protesting at the relay? When did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? Who requested the cancellation of the 20 km relay through Jakarta? Who was allowed inside the stadium? Where did the Olympic flame reach on April 22? How many kilometers was the original relay through Jakarta? Why was the relay through Jakarta cancelled? Where was the event held? Where did the protests take place? When was the Olympic flame held in Canberra? Who presented the Olympic flame to the Ngunnawal people? What did Agnes Shea offer the Ngunnawal people? Who argued over the role of the Chinese flame attendants? Where was the Olympic flame held? How many kilometers of Canberra's central areas were covered by the Olympic flame? What is the name of the central area of Canberra? Who kept the demonstrators and counter-demonstrators apart? Who presented the Olympic flame to the Ngunnawal people? Who did China want to deploy to protect the flame in Canberra? What did the Chinese Students and Scholars Association want Australian students to defend? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who is the Foreign Minister of China? Who did China request permission to deploy to protect the flame in Canberra? Who has been given powers to search the relay spectators? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who was a Chinese Australian student organising pro-Beijing demonstrations? Who is the Foreign Minister of China? Who was the torchbearer? Who said the decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who was the torchbearer? Who is the Foreign Minister of China? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the torch relay? Who was closely involved to ensure that pro-China demonstrators vastly outnumbered Tibetan activists? Who ended the Australian leg of the torch relay? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the torch relay? How many Chinese supporters were expected to attend the torch relay? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? Who was closely involved to ensure that pro-China demonstrators vastly outnumbered Tibetan activists? Where was the 1998 Winter Olympics held? When was the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano? Where was the 1998 Winter Olympics held? What event was held in Nagano? Which temple refused to host the torch relay? What was the original starting point for the torch relay in Nagano? How many Chinese guards were allowed to accompany the torch? What city hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics? What did Seoul host on April 27? Where did the torch relay begin? Who clashed with the protesters? What city hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics? What did Seoul host on April 27? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Pyongyang? Who was the head of the country's parliament? Who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team? Where did the Olympic torch begin? Where did Pak Du Ik begin the relay? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Pyongyang? What did the crowd waving at the start of the torch relay in Pyongyang? Who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team? What was UNICEF concerned the relay would be used for? What is North Korea frequently listed as the world's worst offenders? What organization pulled out of the relay? Who did UNICEF withdraw from the relay? What was UNICEF's mission? Who is frequently listed as one of the world's worst offenders against human rights? What was the date of the Ho Chi Minh City torch relay? Where was the Vietnam torch relay held? How many torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium? Where did the torchbearers carry their torch? Where did the torchbearers carry the torch? Where did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in December 2007? What territories is Vietnam in a territorial dispute with China? What was the name of the Chinese city in the disputed territories? Where did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in December 2007? Who is the Prime Minister of Vietnam? How many protesters were arrested in Hanoi? Who was arrested on charges of tax evasion? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? How many protesters were arrested in Hanoi? Who was the real name of iu Cày? What was iu Cày arrested on? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? What did the website appear to have been updated to remove? When was the first Olympic torch relay held in Hong Kong? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the ceremony held? Where did the torch relay end? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? When was the first Olympic torch relay held in Hong Kong? Who was the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui? How did the torch relay cross the Shing Mun River? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? Who were the torchbearers? What did Szeto Wah wave? What protests did the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China want accountability for? Who is suing the Hong Kong government for breaching her human rights? Who took the protesters away? What is Chan suing the Hong Kong government for? What did Szeto Wah say the Olympic flames symbolize? Who was a Legislative Council member? What did Christina Chan wrap around her body? What group originally planned to join the Hong Kong Alliance relay? What structure did Galschit build in Hong Kong to commemorate the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests? Why were two people denied entry to Hong Kong? Who was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport? What policy does Hong Kong have? What democracy group originally planned to join the Hong Kong Alliance relay? What structure did Galschit build in Hong Kong to commemorate the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests? Why were two people denied entry to Hong Kong? Who was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Macau? Where was the ceremony held? How many torchbearers participated in the Macao Olympic torch relay? Who was the first and last torchbearer in the relay? Who were the torchbearers criticized for being too many? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Macau? How many torchbearers participated in the Macao Olympic torch relay? Who was the first and last torchbearer in the relay? Who was the first and last torchbearer in the relay? Where was the article about the Olympic torch published? Where was a Macau resident arrested for posting a message encouraging people to disrupt the relay? What website was shut down from May 2 to 4? Who was arrested for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay? Where was a Macau resident arrested for posting a message encouraging people to disrupt the relay? Who denies that the shutdowns were politically motivated? When did the torch arrive in Sanya, Hainan? Who was one of the big names that attended the torch's arrival in Sanya, Hainan? When did the torch arrive in Sanya, Hainan? When did the torch return to China for the first time? What organization was responsible for the torch's arrival in Sanya, Hainan? Who was one of the big names that attended the torch's arrival in Sanya, Hainan? What have Western reporters in Beijing described the Chinese media coverage of the torch relay as? What have Chinese netizens in turn accused Western media coverage of being? What French newspaper was criticised by the Chinese State press agency Xinhua? What has been distinct from other media coverage of the torch relay? What have Western reporters in Beijing described Chinese media coverage as? Who did Chinese media not broadcast the disruption of the torch lighting ceremony? What French newspaper was criticised by the Chinese State press agency Xinhua? What did Libération support? What did the Chinese media focus on in response to the pro-Tibet and pro-human rights protests? What did Xinhua and CCTV say about the protests? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? What did Xinhua call the protesters? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? Who said the protesters were "radicals"? What did the Indian torchbearers vow to run for? What did Manavjit Singh Sandhu, Abhinav Bindra, Ayaan Ali Khan and Rajinder Singh Rahelu say should not be mixed? What did the Indian torchbearers vow to do? What did Manavjit Singh Sandhu, Abhinav Bindra, Ayaan Ali Khan and Rajinder Singh Rahelu say should not be mixed? What newspaper published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying? What newspaper reported that it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media? What did the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom accuse Western media of doing to China? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What newspaper published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying? What newspaper reported that it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media? What was the name of the U.S.-based cable news network? What was the name of the U.S.-based cable news network? Who called on CNN to apologise for allegedly insulting the Chinese people? What was the title of the article published by the BBC in response to earlier criticism? Who wrote the article "The challenges of reporting in China"? How many people gathered on April 19? Who wrote the article "The challenges of reporting in China"? What country was banned from reporting in China? What newspaper published a report about Chinese demonstrators in the United States? What newspaper published a report about Chinese demonstrators in the United States? What did the Chinese government appear to be running on April 4? Who created the anti-cnn website? Who created the anti-cnn website? Who suspected the website may be a semi-government-made website? How many unarmed attendants were sent to escort the Olympic flame? When was the "Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit" sworn in? What do the torch attendants wear? What is the name of the torch attendant? How many unarmed attendants were sent to escort the Olympic flame? When was the "Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit" sworn in? What do the torch attendants wear? What is the name of the torch attendant? What French store was boycotted in China? Who is Carrefour's major shareholder? Who did LVMH Group donate funds to? What did some Chinese burn as Swastika? Who is Carrefour's major shareholder? What did the Chinese protesters accuse Carrefour of? What type of protests occurred in 2005? What newspaper urged Chinese people to express their patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally? What internet forum was censored by the Chinese government? When did protests break out in front of Carrefour stores? What was one of the recent protests that the Chinese government attempted to calm the situation? What newspaper urged Chinese people to express their patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally? Who attempted to calm the protests? When did protests break out in front of Carrefour stores? Who was the Mayor of Nagano in Japan? What did Shoichi Washizawa call the torch relay in Nagano? What cancelled its plans to host the opening stage of the Olympic torch relay? Who was the Mayor of Nagano in Japan? What did Shoichi Washizawa call the torch relay in Nagano? What cancelled its plans to host the opening stage of the Olympic torch relay? What is the Olympic Flame kept alight in when it is extinguished? When is the Olympic Flame kept alight in a set of 8 lanterns? Who was Michael Mak Kwok-fung? Who was described by the Chinese as "heroic" and an "angel"? Who initially gave little mention to Jin Jing? How many additional teams of attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? How many attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? What was the main benefit of the work of Principia Mathematica? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica? Who wrote the incompleteness theorem of 1931? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem prove? What book did Kurt Gödel use to come to the conclusion that Principia Mathematica could not achieve its aims? When was Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem written? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem prove? What was the name of the book that was the most influential in the development of mathematics? Principia Mathematica drew important connections between logic, epistemology, and what other subject? When was the essay from which Aims of Education derived its name? What did Whitehead call "inert ideas"? What did Whitehead say about education with inert ideas? When was the book The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? When was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? When was the book The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? What did The Aims of Education and Other Essays contain? What did Whitehead call ideas that were disconnected scraps of information with no application to real life or culture? How many important concepts did Whitehead believe a student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge? What did Whitehead believe a relatively small number of subjects should be taught? What did Whitehead believe education should be? What did Whitehead believe education should be? What did Whitehead believe a student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge? What did Whitehead believe the student could organically link to? What type of school model did Whitehead believe education should be? How did Whitehead begin his career as a philosopher? What did Bertrand Russell write to Whitehead after discussing whether science aimed to be explanatory or merely descriptive? What did Whitehead do later in his life? Who was Whitehead's former student? What was Whitehead's education? Who was Bertrand Russell? What did Whitehead consider himself to be in regards to philosophy and metaphysics? What did Whitehead become in later life? What did Whitehead say in a 1927 note? Why did Whitehead believe that metaphysical assumptions are not easily seen? What did Whitehead argue about metaphysics? How did Whitehead view metaphysical investigations? What did Whitehead think scientists and philosophers do all the time? Why are metaphysical assumptions not easily seen? What did Whitehead believe people need to continually re-imagine? What did Whitehead consider essential to both good science and philosophy? What Cartesian idea did Whitehead consider faulty? What type of ontology did Whitehead prefer? What did Whitehead say about inanimate processes? What did Descartes separate? What did Whitehead call his metaphysical system? What idea did Whitehead consider to be faulty? What type of ontology did Whitehead prefer? What kind of events are in an event-based ontology? What did Whitehead believe the most basic elements of reality can all be regarded as? What did Whitehead's metaphysical system become more widely known as? What is the "fallacy of misplaced concreteness"? What concepts did Whitehead think are problematic? What is the problem with "classical" concepts in Whitehead's view? What is a person ordinarily conceived of as? What does Whitehead call occasions of experience that are progressively connected in? What does Whitehead call concepts such as "quality", "matter" and "form"? What do "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for in Whitehead's view? What concepts did Whitehead consider problematic? What does Whitehead call a continuum of events? What is a person ordinarily conceived of as? What are the only fundamentally existent things in Whitehead's cosmology? What is a person often seen as having that is unchanging? What are changes in a person's core identity considered to be? What is a core identity? What are the only fundamentally existent things in Whitehead's cosmology? In Whitehead's cosmology, the only fundamentally existent things are discrete occasions of experience that overlap one another in what? What does it miss to think of anything as having an enduring essence? What do Identities do not define people? What is it easy and convenient to think of people and objects as being the same? What does the limitations of everyday living and everyday speech prevent people from realizing? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? Is it philosophically or ontologically sound to think that a person is the same from one second to the next? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What is one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What does Whitehead believe a person is not the same from one second to the next? What does materialism see as separate and discrete from all other objects? What does the idea of matter as primary make people think of objects? What does Whitehead believe relations take a primary role in? What is a problem with materialism? What is a problem with materialism? What view sees every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects? What does materialism see every object as from all other objects? How is matter related to other things? What does Whitehead describe an entity as? What does Whitehead say about a real thing? What does Whitehead say about a real thing? What does Whitehead say about relations? What does Whitehead describe any entity as in some sense? What would happen if a thing made no difference to any other entity? What are relations not secondary to? What does Whitehead describe an entity's reaction to? What does Whitehead say a real thing forces the rest of the universe to do? Where did interest in Whitehead's work extend to? Who was one of the first theologians to interact with Whitehead's thought? What was the title of William Temple's lectures? What type of practices did Isabelle Stengers say have enriched Whitehead's work? What fields did interest in Whitehead's work come from? Where were early followers of Whitehead found? Who started an interest in Whitehead's work at the Divinity School? Who is the most notable scholar of Whitehead's? Who were some of the professors at the Divinity School? Where is Whitehead's thought growing the most quickly? What challenges has China begun to address in order to create an "ecological civilization"? What has China begun to blend with Whitehead's philosophy? Which two process philosophers are becoming required reading for Chinese graduate students? What did Whitehead stress on in his philosophy? What is one of Whitehead's counter-intuitive ideas? What is one reason Whitehead's influence has not been more widespread? What was Whitehead's perception of metaphysics? Why are Deleuze and Latour's opinions minority? What philosophical school has historically had a close relationship with process philosophy? Who did Whitehead think was important to pragmatism? Who is an example of a philosopher who advocates both process philosophy and pragmatism? Who was one of the founders of pragmatism? Who was a student of Hartshorne? What has happened to Whitehead's theory of gravitation? Which two physicists have been influenced by Whitehead's work? What has made Whitehead's view obsolete? What are gravitational waves? What does the discovery of gravitational waves mean for Whitehead's cosmology? What award did For the Common Good receive? What was the first single-authored book in environmental ethics? What was the name of Cobb's 1989 book? What was the name of Cobb's 1994 book? What did Cobb's second book aim to do? Who developed the FEELS model? What five things does the FEELS model stand for? What is the purpose of the FEELS model? Who cooperated in the development of the FEELS model? Who is one of the leading figures with an explicitly Whiteheadian and panexperientialist stance towards management? What does Mark Dibben call his work? What other fields does Dibben work in? What has Whitehead had some influence on? How does Dibben view life? When did Whitehead turn his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science? What did Whitehead turn his attention from mathematics to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? Whitehead argued that reality consists of what? What theory did Whitehead reject? Which of Whitehead's philosophical works are regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? What did Whitehead turn his attention from mathematics to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? What did Whitehead turn his attention to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? What type of system did Whitehead develop that radically departed from most western philosophy? Whitehead argued that reality consists of what? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? When was Alfred North Whitehead born? Who established Chatham House Academy? What was Alfred North Whitehead's father's job? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's mother? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? When was Alfred North Whitehead born? What was Alfred North Whitehead's father's job? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's mother? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's wife? In 1918, Imperial College London was a member of what system? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London in 1918? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London until he left for America in 1924? When did Whitehead leave the University of London? What degree did Whitehead help establish at the University of London? In what year was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London in 1918? In 1918, Imperial College London was a member of what system? When did Whitehead leave the University of London? Who wrote the most definitive biography of Whitehead? What did Whitehead's family do to his papers? What was Whitehead known for? What did Lowe say on the first page of Whitehead's biography? How many volumes are in Victor Lowe's biography of Whitehead? Who wrote the most definitive biography of Whitehead? What did Whitehead's family want to happen to his papers? What was Whitehead known for his fanatical belief in? What was the name of the 1898 book Whitehead wrote? Who was the co-author of Principia Mathematica? Who were the first two books in Whitehead's series aimed at? What was the name of the 11th book Whitehead wrote? What is Principia Mathematica? What subject did Whitehead write articles about? How many major books did Whitehead write on mathematics? Who was the co-author of Principia Mathematica? What was one of the most important works in mathematical logic of the 20th century? When was A Treatise on Universal Algebra published? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to? What did Alexander Macfarlane say the main idea of the work was? What did G. B. Mathews write about Lie algebra? Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to do what beyond the associatively multiplicative class? What did G. B. Mathews write about Lie algebra? What did Alexander Macfarlane say the main idea of the work was the comparative study of? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? Why was Principia Mathematica not published? How many pounds were paid to publish Principia Mathematica? Why was Principia Mathematica initially published at a loss? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? How many volumes were in Principia Mathematica? How many pages were in Principia Mathematica? Who paid for Principia Mathematica? How difficult was Whitehead's philosophy to understand? What lectures did Whitehead deliver in 1927? What was the name of Whitehead's 1927-28 lectures? Who struggled to follow Whitehead's writings? What was the name of Whitehead's 1927-28 lectures? When did Whitehead deliver his Gifford lectures? How difficult was Whitehead's philosophy to understand? How did Mathews feel about Whitehead's books? How did many philosophers at Chicago's Divinity School feel about Whitehead's work? Who gave a lecture in 1927 explaining Whitehead's thought? How long did Henry Nelson Wieman teach at Chicago's Divinity School? Who was frustrated with Whitehead's books? Where was Henry Nelson Wieman from? In what year did Henry Nelson Wieman give a lecture explaining Whitehead's thought? Who gave a lecture in 1927 explaining Whitehead's thought? What happened to Henry Nelson Wieman when he gave a lecture explaining Whitehead's thought? What has Process and Reality been called? Why has Process and Reality been little-read and little-understood? How did Whitehead respond to problems in the 21st century? What is arguably the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century? Who said that Process and Reality requires that its readers accept the adventure of the questions that will separate them from every consensus? What did Whitehead question western philosophy's dearly held assumptions about? What did Whitehead anticipate in the 21st century? What did Whitehead provide in solving 21st century scientific and philosophical problems? What does Whitehead believe about creativity? What is an entity a valuation of its relations and a reaction to them? What do most entities not have? What means that there will always remain phenomena that are unpredictable? What does Whitehead believe about creativity? What does Whitehead believe an entity is not only a sum of its relations, but also a valuation of them? What does Whitehead believe about every entity? What is the origin of the term "prehension"? What is the theory of representative perception? What term did Whitehead come up with to describe a kind of perception that can be conscious or unconscious? What language does the term "prehension" come from? What does the Latin prehensio mean? What types of perceptions can be described by the term "prehension"? How many modes does Whitehead believe perception is occurring in? What does the term "prehension" mean? What does the term "prehension" mean? What are the two modes of perception for Whitehead? How is the sense of causal efficacy mediated? What is presentational immediacy? What does Whitehead call the experience dominating the primitive living organisms? What is "pure sense perception"? What is "pure sense perception"? What does Whitehead call causal efficacy? What is presentational immediacy? What does Whitehead believe dominates the basic mentality? What does Whitehead call the linking of appearance and causation in a process that is so automatic that both people and animals have difficulty refraining from it? What does Whitehead believe dominates the basic mentality? What does symbolic reference link appearance with? What do the sense perceptions indicate? What does "symbolic reference" mean? What does Whitehead call a person's encounter with a chair? What does Whitehead think an artist might have done instead of jumping to the notion of a chair? What does Whitehead say a dog would have done? What did Whitehead say about life? What does Whitehead believe is the mark of higher forms of life? What three goals does Whitehead theorize higher forms of life are actively engaged in modifying their environment? What does Whitehead believe life is directed toward? What is life comparatively deficient in? What is the mark of higher forms of life? How manyfold goal does Whitehead theorize life is directed toward? What does Whitehead believe life is directed toward? How does Whitehead view the rise of life without a goal? What does Whitehead say about organisms? What did Whitehead call his idea of God? What is Whitehead's most famous and pointed criticism of the Christian conception of God? What did Whitehead criticize Christianity for defining God as? How did Whitehead view God? What did Whitehead believe ordered potentials exist in? What did Whitehead see as the second nature of God? What type of entity did Whitehead view God as? How did Whitehead view God? What is God's consequent nature? How does God interact with the world? What does Whitehead say about God's saving of the world? What happens to God's experiences after he saves and cherishes them? How does God interact with the world? How does Whitehead view God? How does Whitehead view God? How does Whitehead view God and the world? How does Whitehead view God and the world? How does Whitehead believe God can provide permanence? What was the core of religion for Whitehead? What was Whitehead's most famous remark on religion? What did Whitehead see religion as? What did Whitehead take special care to note about religion? What did Whitehead believe religion began in? What did Whitehead believe religion necessitates the realization of? Why did Whitehead believe that the universe is a community? How does religion become world-loyalty? How does Whitehead view the social aspects of religion? How does Whitehead's influence come from outside of Claremont? Who called Whitehead the greatest philosopher of the 20th century? Where are Whitehead's primary works studied in English-speaking countries? Who was Whitehead a long-time friend and collaborator? What did Gilles Deleuze say of Whitehead? Whitehead's work has been most influential in what field? Who was the most important early proponent of Whitehead's thought in a theological context? What is Charles Hartshorne credited with doing? Who are some notable process theologians? What does process theology typically emphasize? What do process theologians view God as? What does Hartshorne say about God? What does Hartshorne believe about God? What does C. Robert Mesle advocate? What topics has John B. Cobb, Jr. written about? What types of theory did Roland Faber and Catherine Keller integrate Whitehead with? What was Charles Birch's profession? Who credit Whitehead for the process theology they see rising out of the participatory culture expected to dominate the internet era? Why is process theology difficult to define? What did Whitehead describe religion as? How does religion help people identify their wider meaning and significance? What did Whitehead consider religion to be? How did Whitehead view religion? What was Mary Parker Follett's career? What do Stout and Staton see Whitehead and Follett as sharing? What is the name of the book that Stout and Love wrote about the relationship between Whitehead and Follett? What did many asset managers choose to do to the detriment of their clients? What led to bad investments by asset managers in over-priced credit assets? Who is compensated based on the volume of client assets under management? What is an incentive for asset managers to expand their assets under management? What was the choice supported by in regards to risks associated with subprime-based credit assets? What company was IndyMac a spin-off of? When did IndyMac Bank fail? What was the name of the spin-off of Countrywide Financial? What was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market? What was IndyMac Bank's parent corporation? When did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgrade the ratings on MBS bonds? What was IndyMac's capital ratio if the ratings had been downgraded? How much of IndyMac's MBS bonds were downgraded in April 2008? Along with Standard & Poor's, what company downgraded IndyMac's ratings in April 2008? What is a well capitalized capital ratio? Who was the senator that pointed out that brokered deposits made up more than 37 percent of IndyMac's total deposits? What does the FDIC stand for? How much did Senator Schumer say was in brokered deposits? When did the regulator disallowed IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits? How much would have been lost a month if IndyMac hadn't gotten new brokered deposits? How much did account holders withdraw from IndyMac in 2008? How much of IndyMac's deposits were withdrawn in 2008? How much was IndyMac forced to hold when the secondary mortgage market collapsed? Who wrote a letter to the FDIC and OTS about IndyMac? What was the underlying cause of IndyMac's failure? What was the name of the bridge bank that assumed control of IndyMac Bank's assets? How much does the FDIC guarantee the funds of all insured accounts? How many uninsured depositors are still at a loss? When did the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship? When did the FDIC announce plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB? How many mortgage lenders went bankrupt in 2007 and 2008? What investment bank collapsed in March 2008? When did the financial institution crisis hit its peak? When did Lehman Brothers file for bankruptcy? What was the largest bankrupt company in the U.S. in 2008? What was the equivalent of a bank run on in September 2008? What did the money market funds invest in? When did the financial crisis hit its most critical stage? How much money did corporations withdraw from the money markets in one week? What was the TED spread on October 10, 2008? What did Paul Krugman and Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis via? What did Paul Krugman and Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis via? What did the shadow banking system lack in exchange for? Who was Timothy Geithner? How much of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen in June 2009? What was the primary cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing? Who said the traditional banking system did not have the capital to close the gap? What is likely to vanish forever, having been an artifact of excessively loose credit conditions? What does the traditional banking system not have to close the gap? How much of their net worth did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008? How much was the S&P 500 down from its 2007 high? How much did housing prices drop from their 2006 peak? What was the value of total home equity in the United States at its peak in 2006? What was the value of total home equity in the United States in 2008? What type of risk is a homeowner who has no equity in her home? What is the problem with the economy? How many homeowners had substantial equity in their homes two years ago? What does businesses' creditworthiness depend on? What did Dean Baker say about the business's profit prospects in November 2008? What has the continuing development of the liquidity crisis prompted fears of? What investment bank stated that 2008 would see a clear global recession? How long did the United States expect the recession to last? What country's banking collapse is the largest in economic history? What did UBS say was the start of the end of the financial crisis? How much did the U.S. consumption account for the growth in global consumption between 2000 and 2007? What was the annualized rate of decline in GDP in Germany for the first quarter of 2009? What was the annualized rate of decline in GDP for Mexico in 2009? Who relied on the U.S. consumer as a source of global demand? What is the main cause of the decline in U.S. GDP? What was the growth forecast for Cambodia in 2009? What was the record amount of remittances sent by migrant workers in 2007? How many households live below the poverty line in Bangladesh? What does the German DEG recommend to provide to attract new investors? What is one of the reasons for the decrease in growth in Kenya? Who was less severely affected by the credit crunch? What does FDI stand for? What did the strong positions of the Arab countries give them a significant cushion against? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What was the U.S. unemployment rate in October 2009? What was the average hours per work week in 2009? How much did the output of goods and services produced by labor and property in the United States decrease in the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009? When was the unemployment rate highest in the U.S.? What has flat-lined in the U.S. with fewer resources to risk in creative destruction? What do critics argue Basel III doesn't address? What caused major banks to suffer losses from AAA-rated? What did European regulators introduce for banks? Who argues that Basel III has led to excessive lending to risky governments? What did Basel III increase? When did the U.S. recession end? When did the U.S. recession end? When did the United States Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission date the crisis to? What did TIME magazine declare in April 2009? When did President Obama declare that the markets are now stabilized? What two economies lagging behind advanced economies? What percentage of global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for from 2007 to 2014? What did advanced economies lead prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did advanced economies account for? What led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? Whose contention is challenged by additional analysis? When did Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders report on the CMBS underwriting? When did the first signs of decline in residential real estate occur? What does CMBS stand for? What did other analysts support the contention that took place after the crisis in residential real estate? What type of security was assigned safe ratings by the credit rating agencies? How much money was in the "Giant Pool of Money"? How much did the "Giant Pool of Money" grow from 2000 to 2007? What type of security was created by investment banks on Wall Street? What type of investments did NPR believe a "Giant Pool of Money" sought higher yields than? What allowed financial institutions to obtain investor funds to finance subprime lending? What did the collateralized debt obligation do to the housing bubble? What did first in line securities receive from rating agencies? How are cash payments from multiple mortgages or other debt obligations placed? What securities had lower credit ratings but a higher rate of return on the amount invested? By September 2008, average U.S. housing prices had declined by how much from their mid-2006 peak? When did average U.S. housing prices peak? How many properties did lenders begin foreclosure proceedings on in 2007? How much did foreclosure proceedings increase in 2008? What percentage of all U.S. mortgages outstanding were delinquent in 2009? What was the federal funds rate target lowered from 6.5% to in 2003? Why did the Federal Reserve lower the federal funds rate from 6.5% to 1.0%? What did some economists advocate the Fed need to create to replace the Nasdaq bubble? What contributed greatly to the severity of the crisis? What encouraged borrowing? How much did the U.S. current account deficit increase from 1996 to 2004? What percentage of GDP did the current account deficit increase to between 1996 and 2004? What emerging economies did the US borrow money from between 1996 and 2004? The balance of payments identity requires that a country running a current account deficit also have what type of surplus? What did Bernanke say flowed into the U.S. to finance imports? When did the Fed raise the funds rate significantly? What does ARM stand for? How do asset prices move to interest rates? What happened between July 2004 and July 2006? What happened to U.S. housing and financial assets after the housing bubble burst? Who was the Business Chief Underwriter for Correspondent Lending in the Consumer Lending Group for? How many professional underwriters did Bowen work for Citigroup? What percentage of mortgages purchased by Citi from 1,600 mortgage companies were "defective"? How many mortgage companies did Richard M. Bowen III say were "defective"? What percentage of defective mortgages increased in 2007? What is the largest residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance company in the United States and Europe? How many of the mortgages issued from January 2006 to June 2007 met their originators' underwriting standards? How many investment and commercial banks participated in Clayton's analysis? What percentage of sampled loans did not meet the minimum standards of any issuer? How many mortgages were reviewed by Clayton Holdings from January 2006 to June 2007? What is the practice of unscrupulous lenders? Who used the bait-and-switch method to advertise low interest rates for home refinancing? What type of mortgage was used by Countrywide Financial? What was the result of the ARM method used by Countrywide Financial? What method did Countrywide Financial use to advertise low interest rates for home refinancing? Who sued Countrywide? What type of mortgages allowed homeowners to make interest-only payments? What happened to home equity when Countrywide was sued for making high cost mortgages to homeowners with weak credit? Who seized Countrywide's lender? What type of credit was Countrywide making high cost mortgages to? Which economist argued that the regulatory framework did not keep pace with financial innovation? Which US Treasury Secretary argued that the regulatory framework did not keep pace with financial innovation? What organization conducted a study on the Basel accords? What did Krugman and Geithner argue did not keep pace with financial innovation? What accords did the OECD believe encouraged unconventional business practices? What happened to financial institutions prior to the crisis? What type of financial instruments were used to increase leverage? What type of bailouts were needed? What was it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in? What made it difficult for creditors and regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? How many U.S. investment banks increased their financial leverage from 2004 to 2007? What did the increased financial leverage increase the banks' vulnerability to? What did the top five U.S. banks change to keep them competitive with their European counterparts? How much debt did the top five U.S. investment banks have for fiscal year 2007? What bank went bankrupt in 2007? What is an example of behavior that may be optimal for an individual? Too many consumers attempting to save or pay down debt simultaneously is called what? Too many consumers attempting to save or pay down debt simultaneously is called the paradox of thrift? Who described the paradox of deleveraging? Minsky said that financial institutions that have too much leverage cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of what? Who was the U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair in April 2009? What did Janet Yellen say about the credit crunch? What did Janet Yellen say it didn't take long before we were in? What are businesses doing in response to the deleveraging? What process has spread to nearly every corner of the economy? What term refers to the ongoing development of financial products? What is an example of financial innovation? What is another name for credit default swaps? What was the bundling of subprime mortgages into? How did the use of credit default swaps increase in the years leading up to the financial crisis? When did CDO issuance peak? How much was CDO issuance in 2004? How much was CDO issuance in 2007? What percentage of CDO assets did subprime and other non-prime mortgage debt increase to in 2007? How much did CDO issuance decline by Q1 2008? What went hand in hand with more complexity? What did the boom in innovative financial products do to the number of actors connected to a single mortgage? What did the actors that were connected to a single mortgage rely on more and more? Along with risk management desks and FICO scores, what indirect information was used to determine the risk of a mortgage? When did a group of computer scientists build a computational model for the mechanism of biased ratings produced by rating agencies? How is the pricing of risk measured? What refers to the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on additional risk? What prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis? What would have made the financial crisis more disruptive if risk levels had been disclosed? What did the lack of transparency make the financial crisis? What did market participants not accurately measure? Why did market participants not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation such as MBS and CDOs? What was the average recovery rate for "high quality" CDOs? What was the recovery rate for mezzanine CDOs? How much money was sold in CDOs between 2005 and 2007? Who insured obligations of various financial institutions through the use of credit default swaps? What did AIG use to insured various financial institutions' obligations? When was AIG taken over by the government? How much money did the U.S. taxpayers provide to AIG? What did AIG receive in exchange for a promise to pay money to party A in the event of party B defaulting? Who commented that the super-boom got out of hand when new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks? What happened to financial assets as they became more and more difficult to value? Whose information did the rating agencies rely on? Whose risk management methods did the authorities rely on? Who accepted mathematical models that showed the risks were much smaller than they actually proved to be? Who published the volume "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas"? When was a conference held by Merrill Lynch in London? Who held a conference in 2006? What did the Merrill Lynch conference attempt to rectify? When was a conference held by Merrill Lynch in London? Who was the President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank in 2008? When did Timothy Geithner become Secretary of the US Treasury? What is another name for the shadow banking system? What is another name for the parallel banking system? What did Geithner say made the shadow banking system vulnerable? When did the securitization markets supported by the shadow banking system start to close down? When did the securitization markets close down? How much of the private credit markets became unavailable in 2008? Who said the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close the gap? How long would it take for the traditional banking system to generate enough capital to support the additional lending volume? Who testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? What markets remain impaired? How much did private bond issuance of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, and CDOs peak in 2006? How much was private issuance in 2009? What program supported asset-backed issuance in 2009? What happened to commodity prices after the housing bubble collapsed? What happened to the price of oil from 2007 to 2008? What happened to the price of oil in late 2008? What is the cause of the financial crisis? What does the increase in oil prices divert a larger share of consumer spending into? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? What was the name of the exchange founded by Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley and BP? Who founded the IntercontinentalExchange? What exchange had been regulated by both European and U.S. authorities since 2001? Where was the IntercontinentalExchange regulated? Who argued that the financial crisis revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession? Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjrnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in what? Along with ecological economics, what branch of economics should be reshaped? What do feminist economists call for the economy, economic theory, and economics profession to do? Who was the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India? In what year did Raghuram Rajan become chief economist at the International Monetary Fund? Where did Raghuram Rajan deliver a controversial paper in 2005? What was the title of Rajan's paper that argued that disaster might loom? What are risks that financial sector managers are encouraged to take called? Who was the only mainstream economist to have predicted the financial crisis? What did Raghuram Rajan call the financial crisis? Who credits 12 economists with predicting the financial crisis? What did the Austrian economic school view the financial crisis as? Who was the former Fed Chair? What magazine claimed that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s? What was the worst economic crisis in the 1930s? Where is the University of Pennsylvania's online business journal? Who was ridiculed in the New York Times for predicting a recession? What did The New York Times call Roubini? Who wrote The Black Swan? Who wrote The Black Swan? What did Nassim Nicholas Taleb warn against? What did Nassim Nicholas Taleb make a big financial bet on? Who believes there are distinctions between the current market malaise and the Great Depression? How much did the Dow Jones average fall over a period of 17 months? How much did the Dow Jones average fall in the Great Depression? Who is the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times? What was the name of the British bank that was taken into public hands in 2007? What bank did Northern Rock request security from? When did Northern Rock run? When was Northern Rock taken into public hands? What was the name of the British bank that was taken into public hands in 2007? What did IndyMac often make loans without verification of? What did IndyMac do on underlying collateral that was often questionable? What type of credit history did IndyMac often make loans to? What type of option-adjustable-rate-mortgages did IndyMac use? What did IndyMac resist attempts to tighten? How many of the poorest families did not have wealth declines during the crisis? What percentage of all Americans declined in wealth between 2007 and 2009? What percent of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percentage of families on the bottom of the pyramid suffered a decrease in wealth? Who did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis? Who predicted a weak growth of GDP in 2009? What was the predicted GDP growth for 2009? How much did the UK's GDP grow by in 2009? Who launched numbers predicting a worldwide recession by 0.3% for 2009? What was the IMF's forecast for the worldwide recession in 2009? What has the U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks taken steps to avoid a deflationary spiral? What have governments done to offset the reduction in private sector demand? What was the traditional role of the Federal Reserve during the crisis? What did the U.S. Federal Reserve do to help it fulfill its traditional lender-of-last-resort role during the crisis? Lower wages and higher unemployment lead to what type of decline in global consumption? What brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse? How much government debt did the central banks purchase in 2008? How much did the governments of European nations and the USA purchase from their banks? Who was the Nobel laureate in 2010? What did the banks do instead of spending the money in more profitable areas? What did President Obama and key advisers introduce in June 2009? What was one of the topics of the regulatory proposals introduced in June 2009? What type of trading did the Volcker Rule limit the ability of banks to engage in? Who has publicly argued for the proposed changes? Who has publicly argued for the proposed changes? When did the U.S. Senate pass a reform bill? When did the House pass a reform bill? What rule against proprietary trading is not part of the bill? Which Senate passed a reform bill in May 2010? What did national governments do to prevent the collapse of large financial institutions? How much was consumer wealth estimated to have declined due to the financial crisis? When did BNP Paribas terminate withdrawals from three hedge funds? When did the global recession occur? Who terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds in 2007? When did the housing bubble peak? In what year did global stock markets suffer large losses? What was the theory that housing prices would continue to do? What type of borrowers had easier access to loans? What type of holdings did banks and insurance companies lack? What report concluded that the financial crisis was the result of high risk, complex financial products? What act was repealed in 1999? Who concluded that the financial crisis was avoidable? The Levin-Coburn Report concluded that the financial crisis was the result of the failure of regulators and what other entity? What type of practices did governments not adjust to address 21st century financial markets? What does MBS stand for? What does CDO stand for? Who had borrowed and invested heavily in subprime MBS? Who could invest in the U.S. housing market? What did the value of mortgage-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations come from? How much are total losses estimated to be worldwide? What did falling prices provide a financial incentive to do? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? Defaults and losses on what loan types increased significantly as the crisis expanded from the housing market to other parts of the economy? What began in late 2006 in the U.S.? What is the shadow banking system? What is the shadow banking system? What process caused the financial system to expand and become increasingly fragile? What did U.S. government policy emphasize from the 1970s onward? What has emphasized deregulation to encourage business? What type of losses did these institutions not have a financial cushion to absorb? What was the effect of the losses on the ability of financial institutions to lend? Who provided funds to encourage lending and restore faith in the commercial paper markets? Who bailed out key financial institutions? What did these institutions not have a financial cushion to absorb? When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? What did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission conclude about the crisis? Who failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages? Who was ill prepared for the crisis, lacking a full understanding of the financial system they oversaw? Who took on too much risk? During what period did mortgage lenders relax underwriting standards? When did GSEs begin to relax their underwriting standards? When were the worst loans originated? When were the worst loans originated? Who policed mortgage originators? How many Democratic appointees were on the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? Who claims that the GSE never purchased subprime loans? What was not the primary cause of the financial crisis? What did independent scholars argue performed better than loans securitized by private investment banks? How many Republican appointees were on the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? How many substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie hold in 2008? How much was the total amount of substandard loans held by Fannie and Freddie in 2008? Who did Peter Wallison believe was responsible for massive risky loan purchases? Who initiated affordable housing policies in the 1990s? How many ex-executives of Fannie and Freddie were investigated by the SEC in 2011? Whose report uncovered accounting discrepancies between Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? Who called for an investigation into the GSEs? When did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing on subprime mortgages? Did the hearings result in new legislation or formal investigation of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? Who held a hearing on subprime mortgages in 2003? How much mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders? What percentage of all U.S. mortgage lending was made by CRA-covered lenders? What does CRA stand for? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? When did the CRA change its rule changes? How much was the total amount of publicly announced CRA loan commitments between 1994 and 2007? What is the Federal Reserve's faulty and self-serving assumption? What type of lending did the CRA begin to see an explosion of in 1995? When were the ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Federal Reserve? What derivatives did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers to be made? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers to be made? Where did Michael Lewis write an article about bad loans? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers to be made? What derivatives did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers? What type of loans did the U.S. residential housing bubble have? What type of downpayments did substandard loans usually have? Why did the U.S. residential housing bubble lead to a financial crisis? During what period did other developed countries have large bubbles? Who wrote that it is not true that every bubble has the potential to cause a financial crisis when it deflates? How many miles is St. Barthélemy from Puerto Rico? What is St. Barthélemy separated from Saint Martin? What are Roques? What type of island is St. Barthélemy? What type of islets belong to St. Barthélemy? What are the people of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the nationality of the people of Saint-Barthélemy? How many people in the leeward portion of the island speak French? What is the nationality of the people of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the language preference between the Creole and Patois determined? What other island was granted COM status? How many years does it take for the president to be elected? When was the last election for the territorial councils held? When did COM status take effect? How many members are on the Territorial Council? When was the last election for the French Senate held? St. Barthélemy became an overseas territory of what organization? How many senators represent the island in the French Senate? In what year was the first election for the French Senate held? How many gendarmes are on the island? What is difficult due to the dry and rocky terrain on the island? What vegetable is grown in patches on the island? What did the early settlers produce on the island? What were the early settlers able to do on the island? What port did the early settlers of the island develop commerce through? Who is St. Barthélemy considered a playground of? How many tourists visit St. Barthélemy each year? What is the average price for a beachfront villa in St. Barthélemy? Whatexplains the high standard of living on the island? How is most of the food imported from the US or France? How many hotels does St. Barthélemy have? How many rooms does the largest hotel in St. Barthélemy have? Along with Brazil, from what country does St. Barthélemy attract a labour force from? How many rooms does Hotel Le Toiny have? How many private villas are available to rent on the island? What type of plants do the hills support? What part of the island is greener during the rainy season? How many indigenous species of plants were found in a 1994 survey? What is a common sight on Norfolk Island? Where was coconut palm brought to the island? What trees were brought from the Mediterranean? What is the name of the night blooming tree on the island? Where was the golden trumpet or yellow bell originally from? When was the yellow prickly pear or barbary fig planted? What type of fig was planted as barbed wire defences against the British army in 1773? When do the whales and dolphins migrate to Norfolk Island? When do dolphins, porpoises and whales migrate to Norfolk Island? What is a common sight along the coastline of the island? What is the favorite diet of the leatherback sea turtles? Where do green turtles live? What color shell does conch have? What type of fish lives on the reefs? Where are sergeant majors recorded? What type of crabs live on the shore? What do hermit crabs eat? How many ha is the Reserve Naturelle? What endangered marine species is protected by the Reserve Naturelle? What is prohibited in the Reserve? What is the name of the marine nature reserve in Saint-Barthélemy? What is in place in some of the protected bays? Who built the three forts in La Pointe? What was the previous name of Fort Oscar? When was the fort built? What has been replaced by a modern military building that now houses the local gendarmerie? Where is Fort Oscar located? How many restaurants are on the island? Where are many of the finest restaurants located in St. Barthélemy? What do the French call the snack restaurants in St. Barthélemy? What do Creole dishes tend to be in St. Barthélemy? What type of events does St. Barthélemy host? How often is the Transat AG2R Race held? Where does the Transat AG2R Race originate? What type of boats are used in the Transat AG2R Race? How long are the boats in the Transat AG2R Race? How many sailors navigate the boats in the Transat AG2R Race? Where is Gustaf III Airport located? Along with small regional commercial aircraft, what type of aircraft operates at Gustaf III Airport? What airport acts as a hub for connecting flights with regional carriers to St. Barthélemy? Where is the nearest airport with a runway length sufficient to land a typical commercial jet airliner? What is the name of the airport on the north coast of St. Barthélemy? Saint-Barthélemy is an overseas collectivity of what country? What is the territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy? In what language is St. Barths abbreviated? What is the name of the indigenous people of Saint-Barthélemy? What direction is Puerto Rico from St. Barthélemy? What type of island is Saint Barthélemy? How many people live on Saint Barthélemy? What is the capital of Saint Barthélemy? What was Guadeloupe under during the Napoleonic Wars? When is Saint Barthélemy a popular tourist destination? Saint Barthélemy was a French commune forming part of what region? When did the island seek to separate from the administrative jurisdiction of Guadeloupe? When did Saint Barthélemy become an Overseas Collectivity? What is the current name of the Hotel de Ville? Who represents the island in Paris? What bay has a 4 fathoms patch near mid entrance? Grande Saline Bay provides temporary anchorage for what type of vessels? What is on the north and east sides of the island? What type of waters are reefs mostly in? What are some of the offshore reefs on Norfolk Island part of? How many public beaches are on St. Barthélémy? How many public beaches are considered suitable for swimming? What is the name of the side of the beaches that are calm and protected by the island? What side of the island is popular for windsurfing? What are the windward beaches popular for? What is the climate of Norfolk Island? How many ha does the island cover? How much rainfall does the island get each year? When is the rainy season on Norfolk Island? What is the lowest night temperature recorded in Norfolk Island? When did the British invade the harbour town? When did the Swedes add more buildings to Gustavia? What was the port of Gustavia previously known as? What did the Swedes rename the port to in honour of their king Gustav III? What war took place in the 18th century? What is another name for the Musée Territorial de St.-Barthélemy? What is the name of the historical museum in Gustavia? Where is the Musée Territorial de St.-Barthélemy located? Along with the French and Swedish, who occupied the island during the Ottoman Empire? What type of houses are on display at the Musée Territorial de St.-Barthélemy? In what two fields is the genome the genetic material of an organism? What does the genome consist of? In RNA viruses, what does the genome consist of? Who was the professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany? When was the term 'gene' created? Where was Hans Winkler from? What are some related -ome words? How many chromosomes does a gamete have in a sexually reproducing organism? When are homologous chromosomes segregated in gametes? What are two examples of haploid organisms that contain genes? What is the study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms called? Genetics studies the properties of what? What is the term used to describe the determination of the genome of a sexually reproducing species? What is the observation that there is only a rough correlation between the number of base pairs and the number of genes? What is the protozoan causing? How many genes are known for the protozoan causing trichomoniasis? How many times more genes are in the human genome? Who was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome? What was the name of the viral RNA-genome created by Walter Fiers? Who completed the first DNA-genome sequence? Who completed the first genome sequence of Haemophilus influenzae? When was the first genome sequence for an archaeon completed? Who maintains one of several comprehensive databases of genomic information? What animal was first sequenced in December 2013? What is the name of the fish that has been sequenced by the US National Institutes of Health? When did scientists first sequence the entire genome of a Neanderthal? How old was the Neanderthal? What new sequencing technology has opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who pioneered personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who was the co-discoverer of the structure of DNA? What did James D. Watson discover? What identifies landmarks? What was the name of the project that sequenced the human genome? Who released a detailed genomic map? Where did Jean Weissenbach release a detailed genomic map? What is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome? What can scientists better understand by comparing the genome compositions between genomes? What two groups have big differences in contents structure? What is the organization of protein coding genes in eukaryotes? Where is the major part of the genome composed of repetitive DNA? What is an example of a biological entity that has additional genetic material besides chromosomes? What biological entity is more complex than a bacteria? Where is information stored on the auxiliary material of a pathogenic microbe carried? What are examples of eukaryotes? What is the DNA found within a chloroplast referred to as? What is the name of mitochondria's genome? What is the total number of DNA base pairs in one copy of a haploid genome? What is genome size positively correlated with among prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes? What acts on the genomes? What is the experimental work being done on for single cell organisms? How is the work on minimal genomes done? What types of genes are generally non-repetitive DNA? What is calculated by using the length of non-repetitive DNA divided by genome size? The proportion of non-repetitive DNA is calculated bydividing the length of non-repetitive DNA divided by what? What prokaryotes only have non-repetitive DNA? Which eukaryotes have more non-repetitive DNA than repetitive DNA? What is the percentage of non-repetitive DNA in some plants and amphibians? What are the two categories of repetitive DNA in genome? What is calculated by using length of repetitive DNA divide by genome size? What are caused by slippage during replication? What are forms of tandem repeats in the genome? What is the largest type of tandem repeat in mammalian? What are able to integrate into the genome at another site within the cell? TEs are believed to be an important driving force on what of higher eukaryotes? What is a Class 1 TE? What is a Class 2 TE? Retrotransposons can be transcribed into what? How do DNA transposons move in the genome? What do Class 2 TEs not use as an intermediate? What is another name for chromosome number? What traits do researchers compare to determine what mechanisms could have produced the great variety of genomes that exist today? What plays a major role in shaping the genome? Duplications are probably fundamental to the creation of what? What is invoked to explain how there is often extreme similarity between small portions of the genomes of two organisms that are otherwise very distantly related? Horizontal gene transfer seems to be common among what? Where did eukaryotic cells transfer some genetic material from? What is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude? What type of school system restricts admission on the basis of selection criteria? In what two countries were comprehensive schools introduced in the 1940s? What percentage of British secondary school pupils now attend comprehensive schools? What is the German name for a comprehensive school? What practical subjects are included in a comprehensive school's curriculum? Who provides post-16 education? What government initiatives have made the ideal of a comprehensive school less certain? How many selective grammar schools are still in operation? When were comprehensive schools introduced to England and Wales? What type of schools were comprehensive schools conceived as? What current education reforms will have some impact on the comprehensive ideal? When did Finland start using comprehensive schools? What is the age range of peruskoulu? What type of school is the Gesamtschule? What type of courses are offered for students who aren't doing well? What do students at a Gesamtschule graduate with depending on how well they did in school? What percentage of students in Brandenburg attended a Gesamtschule in 2007? What percentage of students in the State of Bavaria attended a Gesamtschule in 2007? What was the name of the new type of comprehensive school in Hamburg? What is the name of the new type of comprehensive school in Berlin? When did Hauptschulen merge with Realschulen and Gesamtschulen? What does the Mittelschule not offer? What is another name for the Mittlere Reife? What does not exist in some States of Germany? What have comprehensive schools been accused of? Who was the Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia? Who said that comprehensive schools were discriminated against? Who is the Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia? What group did Sigrid Beer belong to? Who is at risk of being put in a Gesamtschule? What is the achievement gap between working class students attending a comprehensive and? What is the name of the school that puts bright working class students at risk? Who was a fierce proponent of comprehensive schools? What system did Helmut Fend compare alumni of comprehensive schools to? When did Gibraltar open its first comprehensive school? Where can students continue to complete their A-levels? What can students continue into the sixth form to complete? When were comprehensive schools introduced into Ireland? Who was the Minister for Education in 1966? What was the only system of schools completely controlled by the state? What concept has superseded the comprehensive school system in Ireland? When was the secular community model replaced? Who owns the school property? What did the community school model remove? What tended to be amalgamations of unviable local schools under the umbrella of a new community school model? In what year was Walworth School one of five 'experimental' comprehensive schools set up by the London County Council? Who set up Walworth School? What was the name of the first comprehensive school in Anglesey? When did Holyhead County School open? What was the name of the first comprehensive school in Coventry? Who was Secretary of State for Education in 1965? What was Anthony Crosland's job title? What were never widely implemented? Who became Secretary of State for Education in 1970? What type of schools were established under Margaret Thatcher? What government did Margaret Thatcher become Secretary of State for Education? When did the majority of local authorities in England and Wales abandon the 11-plus examination and move to a comprehensive system? What were many secondary modern schools and grammar schools amalgamated to form? Sandwell and Dudley in the West Midlands changed all of their state secondary schools to what? Which local authorities changed all of their state secondary schools to comprehensive schools in the 1970s? Who launched the 'great debate' on the education system in 1976? What is the most common type of state secondary school in England? What political party was James Callaghan? What act gave parents the right to choose which school their child should go to? When was the Education Reform Act passed? What is the government policy promoting that allows parents to choose a secondary school appropriate for their child's interests and skills? What does the pseudo-market incentive to encourage better schools underpin? What type of education does Scotland have? What type of schools has the Scottish Government rejected? When did the Scottish Government reject plans for specialist schools? Northern Ireland's education system is more similar to that used in England and Wales than to what other country? Northern Ireland's education system is more similar to what two countries? What is the French name for the Republic of the Congo? What country is to the northeast of the Republic of the Congo? What country borders the Republic of the Congo to the west? What country borders the Republic of the Congo to the northwest? Where is the Republic of the Congo located? What tribes dominated the region? When did Congo-Brazzaville become independent? Who has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years? Who is Denis Sassou Nguesso? Where did the Republic of Congo rank in terms of oil producer in the Gulf of Guinea? What did the Republic of Congo have an unequal distribution of? Who were the earliest inhabitants of the region? When were the Pygmy people absorbed by the Bantu-speaking peoples? What peoples founded tribes during the Bantu expansions largely displaced and absorbed the earliest inhabitants of the region? What Portuguese explorer reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? What was the nationality of the explorer who reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? What did European merchants trade with the Bantu kingdoms? When did European colonization of the Congo river delta begin? Whose power was eroded by the colonization of the Congo river delta? When did the area north of the Congo River come under French sovereignty? Who signed a treaty with Makoko of the Bateke? What was the second name of the Congo Colony in 1903? What did France organize in 1908? How many lives did the Congo-Ocean Railroad cost? Where was the capital of Free France during World War II? What event heralded a period of major reform in French colonial policy? When was the Fourth Republic established? What did the 1946 constitution establish? When was the Fifth Republic established? What dissolved into its constituent parts? What did Middle Congo become known as in 1958? When was the first constitution published? When did the Republic of the Congo receive full independence? Who was the first president of the Congo? Who was the head of the civilian provisional government? What caused Fulbert Youlou to be ousted? Who installed a civilian provisional government? Who was elected President of Congo in 1963? What ideology did the regime adopt during Massamba-Débat's term in office? What country's army did Massamba-Débat invite into Congo to train his militia? When was the coup d'etat? Who assumed the presidency of the People's Republic of the Congo in 1968? What was the name of Congo Africa's first "people's republic"? What did the National Revolutionary Movement change it's name to? When did Ngouabi survive a coup? When was Ngouabi assassinated? What group did Sassou Nguesso align the country with? Who did Sassou Nguesso sign a friendship pact with? What did Sassou have to rely on patronage to maintain? What did Sassou rely on to maintain his dictatorship? Who was Congo's first elected president? Who supported Lissouba's economic reforms? What broke out in Congo in mid-1997? What does ESAF stand for? Who fought for power in Congo in 1997? What was Sassou's private militia called? What socialist regime invaded Congo to install Sassou in power? In what month did the Angolan socialist régime invade Congo to install Sassou in power? Who advised his supporters to boycott the elections? How long did the new constitution extend Sassou's term? When was a new constitution agreed upon by referendum? When was a peace treaty signed? Who won the 2009 presidential election? What non-governmental organization said the election was marked by "very low" turnout and "fraud and irregularities"? What type of turnout did the election have? What type of political system does Congo-Brazzaville have? What party is backed by Sassou Nguesso? What is the French name for the Congolese Labour Party? What has Sassou's regime been hit by internationally? In what country were over 110 bank accounts and dozens of lavish properties found? When did Sassou Nguesso announce that he would hold a referendum to allow him to run for a third consecutive term in office? How many consecutive terms did Sassou Nguesso run for? Who owned the main media in Guinea-Bissau in 2008? How many government-owned television stations are there in Guinea-Bissau? How many private television channels are there in Guinea-Bissau? Who do many Pygmies belong from birth to? What are Pygmies treated as property the same way as? When did the Congolese parliament adopt a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples? What latitudes does Congo lie between? What are the longitudes of Congo? What ocean does Congo have a short coast on? What is to the southwest of Congo? What is another name for Cabinda? What is the capital of Guinea-Bissau? What river is Brazzaville located on? What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo? What is Kinshasa the capital of? What type of plain is the southwest of Guinea-Bissau? What is the primary drainage for the southwest of the country? What is the central area of Guinea-Bissau? What is under increasing exploitation pressure? Where is the country of Burma located? What is the average day temperature in Swaziland? What are the average nights in Swaziland? When is the dry season in Swaziland? Who studied gorillas in 2006-07? Where are the gorillas located? What has largely preserved the isolation of Western Lowland Gorillas from humans? What extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy? What is the government characterized by? Petroleum extraction has supplanted what as the mainstay of the economy? How much of the GDP does the oil sector account for? In 2008, what percentage of exports were from the oil sector? What did rising oil revenues allow the government to finance in the early 1980s? What was Nigeria's GDP growth in the 1980s? How much did the devaluation of Franc Zone currencies result in inflation in 1994? What was the inflation of the Franc Zone currencies in 1994? What erupted in June 1997? What hurt the economic progress of Guinea-Bissau in December 1998? When did armed conflict occur in Guinea-Bissau? What are the economic problems of the current administration? What are recent major Congolese exports? When was Congo re-admitted to the Kimberley Process? What deposits does the Republic of the Congo have large untapped deposits of? What does OHADA stand for? How much land did the Congolese government lease to South African farmers in 2009? What types of transportation is in the Republic of the Congo? When was the Republic of the Congo's rail system built? What city is served by the airports of Maya-Maya and Pointe Noire? Where is Pointe-Noire located? In what part of the country is the population of the Republic of the Congo concentrated? How long is the railway that connects Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire? How many languages are spoken in Congo? What is the largest ethnic group in the Congo? Boulangui (M'Boshi) form what percentage of the population? How much of the Congo's population is Boulangui? How many Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo before the 1997 war? What was the nationality of most of the people who lived in the Congo before the 1997 war? How many American expatriates live in the Congo? What religion are the people of the Republic of the Congo largely a mix of? How many Awakening Lutherans live in the Republic of the Congo? How many Protestants live in the Republic of the Congo? What percentage of the population of the Republic of the Congo are followers of Islam? What is the main reason for the influx of Islam into the Congo? What percentage of the Congo's GDP was devoted to health in 2004? What was the HIV/AIDS prevalence among 15- to 49-year-olds in 2012? How much did Congo-Brazzaville spend per capita on health expenditure in 2004? How many physicians per 100,000 people lived in Congo-Brazzaville in 2004? What was the maternal mortality rate in 2010? What does FGM stand for? What was the infant mortality rate in 2010? What is the theoretical age of public education in Guinea-Bissau? What was the net primary enrollment rate in 2005? What do students who complete six years of primary school and seven years of secondary school obtain? What language is taught at Marien Ngouabi University? What branch of government is the prime minister in? A prime minister is the most senior minister of what in the executive branch of government? What is a prime minister appointed to manage? What are parliamentary systems fashioned after? What type of position does the head of state usually hold? What is the prime minister expected to do with other ministers? What are executive powers called in some monarchies? What body is the prime minister often not a member of? What other titles does the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom have? What position did Winston Churchill hold during the Second World War? When was Cardinal Richelieu named to head the royal council as prime minister of France? Who was the first to use the term prime minister? What country did Cardinal Richelieu head the royal council in 1625? Who attempted to avoid giving the title of prime minister to his descendants? When did the term prime minister originate? Who did members of parliament disparagingly use the term prime minister in reference to? Who was the head of the government under Henry VIII? Who was Queen Anne's minister? What was the name of Charles II's minister? Whose favor did the ministers depend on? Whose favor did the ministers depend on? Who were the Tory ministers during Anne's reign? Who was driven into exile when they lost favour? What event occurred in 1688? What was the name of the bill passed in 1689? What became a part of the government after the English Civil War? Who became the throne in 1714? When did Anne die? Where was George I's home? How long did Robert Walpole hold office? What political party was Robert Walpole? What doctrine did Walpole develop? What did Walpole require all ministers to do when a policy was agreed on? Who was the prime minister of England in 1721? Who continued to deny that a prime minister was known to the Constitution? Who made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch? Who was the first Prime Minister? When did the title of prime minister appear in the British Order of precedence? What was the ceremonial position of a prime minister in the late 20th century? Who is Bahrain's prime minister? When did Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah become prime minister? Where is Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah from? In what type of republic is the head of state an elected official? In what type of republic is the head of state an elected official? What is the head of government of the People's Republic of China referred to as? What is another name for the Republic of China? Who approves the prime minister in a semi-presidential system? What is a state of affairs when the president and prime minister are from different parties? What can the parliament force? What country's constitution clearly outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister? What does Bangladesh's constitution detail? The People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below what in China? What is the pinyin of the People's Republic of China constitution? What act of 1982 adds a passing reference to a "Prime Minister of Canada"? When was Canada's Constitution Act passed? What is the only reference to a prime minister in the Constitution Act of 1982? What outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic? When did the first mention of a prime minister occur in official documents? Who was the last Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1905? In what year did the last prime minister of the United Kingdom become Chancellor of the Exchequer? Who was appointed prime minister in 1979? When was Margaret Thatcher appointed prime minister? When did Margaret Thatcher cease to be in power? What did Margaret Thatcher reshuffle after a general election? Who is formally'renominated' after every general election? Who is the prime minister usually chosen from? When is the Irish Taoiseach formally'renominated'? In parliamentary systems, governments are generally required to have the confidence of what house? Which houses rarely exercise the right to block supply? What does a government lose when it has a motion of no confidence passed against it? Who may refuse a parliamentary dissolution? What does a head of state have to do in order to refuse a parliamentary dissolution? Who is the person who decides when to request a parliamentary dissolution? When did the prime minister request a dissolution of parliament? When did the Irish constitution give the Taoiseach the right to make a dissolution of parliament? Who did the 1922 Irish Free State Constitution vest power in? In older constitutions, who has the power to request dissolution of parliament? What is the name of the motion that causes the Prime Minister to step down in Australia? In the Russian constitution, what is the title of the prime minister? What is the name of the Israeli prime minister? What is the Spanish prime minister's title? What is the Irish prime minister called in the Russian constitution? What is another common form of government? What is the name of the prime minister in Scandinavian countries? What is the English equivalent of "prime minister"? Which countries' heads of government are almost always translated as Chancellor? What is the name of Monaco's head of government? What is the title of the head of government in Vatican City? What is the name of Iran's head of government? In what countries may the prime minister be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president? What is the style of former prime ministers in some Commonwealth countries? In the United Kingdom, the prime minister and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable because they are current members of what? In what country is the Prime Minister styled Right Honourable? What type of government is in place in the UK? What are the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments called in the UK? In India, the Prime Minister is referred to as what? What is the Pakistani prime minister referred to as? What does Wazir-e-Azam mean? What is the name of the Prime Minister's executive office in the United Kingdom? What is the Office of the Prime Minister called in the United Kingdom? What is the abbreviation for institute of technology? When did the English term polytechnic appear? What engineering school was the English term for polytechnic? What language does the French term polytechnic come from? What is another term for "institute of technology"? What was the world's first institution of technology? After what war did the institutes of technology and polytechnics become popular? What was the original name of the Braunschweig University of Technology? When was the École Polytechnique founded? What are institutes of technology and polytechnics? When were UK Polytechnics designated as universities? What is the current name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution? Where was the Royal Polytechnic Institution founded? What type of institutions used to have a quite different statute among each other? What was the name given to universities that merged with existing universities in the 1990s? What system were technical schools part of? What is another name for technical and further education? What TAFE institution was rebranded in 2014? When did the TAFE Tasmania restructure? How many designated Universities of Technology are in Australia? What is a German type of tertiary education institution? What type of degrees are granted at Fachhochschule? What type of school has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas? What is the process in which Hogeschool institutions form associations with a university and integrate research into the curriculum called? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? How many Technical Universities are in the Netherlands? In what country are Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes located? What type of schools in Canada offer instruction in a variety of programs? Where is the École de technologie supérieure located? What type of funding does Canadian higher education institutions use to undertake directed and applied research? What is the name of the national alliance of eleven leading research-intensive colleges and institutes of technology? What do some of Canada's most esteemed colleges and polytechnic institutions partake in? When did China's modern higher education begin? Where were liberal arts offered in China? How many of China's elite universities remain essentially polytechnical? When was the law about polytechnic education in Croatia passed? Who monitors the country's seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity? What is one of the oldest observatories in South America? Who manages the Quito Astronomical Observatory? When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded? How many nuclear science departments are in Ecuador? What can qualified professionals apply their knowledge and skills for? How many students have pledged sponsorship for MIT? What is the name of the French-speaking area of the University of Technology? How many credits did a M.Sc. require prior to the Bologna process? How many credits did a M.Sc. require from a normal university before the Bologna process? Polytechnic schools are distinct from academic universities in what country? What is the Finnish name for a polytechnic school? What is the Swedish term for a polytechnic school? What type of curricula is provided by Collegiate universities? What does IUT stand for? What is another name for institut universitaire de technologie? What is the German-speaking part of Switzerland called? What is the name of Eastern Europe's higher education system? In what century was the French education system established? What is the name of the school in Brasilia that is influenced by the French École polytechnique? When were Fachhochschulen founded? What do Fachhochschulen focus more on than research? Along with social science, medicine and design, what is a major focus of Fachhochschulen? What is the abbreviation for Technische Universität? What does Technische Universität focus on? What does RWTH Aachen, TU Dresden and TU München have a faculty of? How many Technische Universitäten in Germany have formed TU9 German Institutes of Technology? How many universities of technology are in Germany? How many students are enrolled in the 17 universities of technology in Germany? Which state does Schleswig-Holstein not operate a Technische Universität? What is a joint-venture of TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig and University of Hanover? What act created the Technological Educational Institute? What is the name of the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? What was the original name of the Hong Kong Polytechnic? When was the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong founded? What is the name of the university with a focus in applied science, engineering and business? When were the two polytechnics granted university status? Along with precious metals, what metal was taught at the Berg-Schola? When was the Berg-Schola established? Who established the Berg-Schola? How many autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology are in India? How many National Institutes of Technology are in India? What is the authority over technical education in India? What is a specific academic award usually awarded in technical or vocational courses? How many public institutes of technology are owned by the government of Indonesia? How many years does Politeknik typically offer diploma degrees? What was Ireland's Institute of Technology system formerly known as? What institute was separate from the Regional Technical College system? What is a technical university that awards degrees in engineering? How many Politecnici were there in the past? Where is the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia headquartered? What was the forerunner of the University of Tokyo's engineering faculty? What does an institute of technology specialize in? Where is Premier Polytechnics located? Who helped establish the Polytechnics in Malaysia? Where is Politeknik Ungku Omar located? How many polytechnics are in Malaysia? How many students attended the Malaysian Polytechnic in 2009? How many students attended the Malaysian Polytechnic in 2012? What is the only technical university in Mauritius? What is the focus of the University of Technology, Mauritius? In what country are polytechnics established? What does UCOL stand for? When were New Zealand polytechnics established? What Polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University? When did New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system consolidate? What institute explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology? Where is Waiarapa Polytechnic located? What is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status? What grade standardized exams are used to admission to Polytechnic institutes in Pakistan? What is the main purpose of Polytechnic Institutes? How many years does a diploma in Pakistan last? What is the name of the under graduate engineering degree courses? What is the name of the Bachelor of Science degree awarded by Universities of Engineering & Technology? What is the main kind of technical university name in Poland? What are short-cycle degrees called in Portugal? What process allowed Portugal to offer 2nd cycle degrees? What is a centralized institute in Singapore? How many polytechnics are in Singapore? How many year diploma courses are offered by polytechnics in Singapore? Who established the Banská Akadémia? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? What two metals did the Academy train specialists in? When did teaching begin at the Banská Akadémia? What are the buildings of the university used for? What are polytechnics called in South Africa? When were Technikons given the power to award certain technology degrees? When did former Technikons merge with traditional Universities to form Comprehensive Universities? Where were most of Thailand's institutes of technology developed? What did technical colleges not grant in the past? What is an example of a university level institution that can grant degrees to the doctoral level? What is the name of the Thonburi Technology Institute? What was the former name of the Rajamangala University of Technology? What is the name of the engineering school of Thammasat University? What is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand? When was Suranaree University of Technology established? What is the most well known private technological university in Thailand? What technical university was founded in Bursa in 2010? How many technical universities are in Konya? Where were the first two technical universities opened in the 1950s? When did UK Polytechnics operate under the binary system of education? Who validated the diplomas and degrees offered by UK Polytechnics? What were the Polytechnics in Scotland referred to as? What was the name of Britain's first Polytechnic? How many "Institutes of Science and Technology" were there? What was Loughborough University called from 1966 to 1996? When did some colleges of technology become universities? What act allowed Polytechnics to confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization? The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allowed Polytechnics to confer degrees without the oversight of what organization? What are some technical institutes called if they are associated with a local university? When were "technical institutes" formed? What school did technical institutes provide further education between? When was the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? What is the most famous Polytechnic Institute in the U.S.? What type of economy was Venezuela's technical education essential for? When were institutes of technology developed in Venezuela? Where was the first IUT created? Who created the first IUT? The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of what? Who created the Wayback Machine? Where is the Internet Archive based? Who set up the Wayback Machine? What does the Wayback Machine call archived versions of web pages across time? What type of nodes do they use to archive web sites? When do they archive a new version of a site? What is the grand vision of the Linux nodes? What animated series was the name Wayback Machine a reference to? Who were the lead characters in Peabody's Improbable History? What was the name of the time machine in Peabody's Improbable History? When did Brewster Kahle develop software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages? What is the term for software that collects information from the internet? What do the crawlers respect for websites whose owners opt for them not to appear in search results or be cached? What was developed in 2005 by the Internet Archive to allow institutions and content creators to voluntarily harvest and preserve collections of digital content? What was the information kept on for five years? Who did Kahle occasionally allow to tap into the clunky database? What was the anniversary of the archive being kept on digital tape? Where was the archive opened to the public? What becomes available more than six months after they are archived? How long do snapshots usually become available after they are archived? What is the frequency of snapshots? When did sites have to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included? Who was the director of the Internet Archive in November 2010? When did Jeff Kaplan of the Internet Archive say other sites were still being archived? How many petabytes of data did the Wayback Machine contain as of 2009? What was the growth rate of the Wayback Machine in 2003? Where is the data stored on the Wayback Machine? Who manufactured the PetaBox rack systems? When did the Internet Archive migrate its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage? What storage architecture did the Internet Archive migrate to in 2009? Where is the Sun Modular Datacenter located? When was a new version of the Wayback Machine made available for public testing? When was the Beta of the new Wayback Machine released? The Wayback Machine only has a little bit of material past what year? What year did the Wayback Machine say it had a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials? What feature did Microsoft announce in October 2013? When was the "Save a Page" feature announced? What was the name of the 2009 case? Who did Netbula, LLC v? What did Chordiant want Netbula to disable on its web site? Who did Netbula say they should have subpoenaed? Whose motion was supported by a sworn statement from Internet Archive? Who ordered Chordiant to disable robots.txt temporarily? Where was Judge Howard Lloyd located? Who could retrieve the archived pages that Netbula sought? Telewizja Polska is the provider of what? EchoStar operates what network? Who rejected Telewizja Polska's assertion of hearsay? Who overruled Magistrate Keys' findings? When are date stamps used to determine if a Web page is available as prior art? What is an example of a requirement that the US Patent Office and the European Patent Office will accept date stamps from the Internet Archive as evidence of when a given Web page was accessible to the public? What kind of limitations are there to archiving a web site? What can contain errors when submitting screen shots of web pages in complaints, answers, or expert witness reports? What does the Wayback Machine not fill out? What type of databases does the Wayback Machine not include in its archives? What could the Wayback Machine be interpreted as violating in Europe? What would the Archive have to do if their content was published or duplicated? Where can the exclusion policies for the Wayback Machine be found? What did the Internet Archive remove sites that were critical of? Who requested the removal of sites critical of Scientology from the Wayback Machine? Who demanded the removal of sites critical of Scientology? Who defended a client from a trademark dispute using Archive's Wayback Machine? Who was the plaintiff in the trademark dispute? What did Healthcare Advocates amend their complaint to include? What did Healthcare Advocates accuse the Internet Archive of violating? Is the Robots Exclusion Standard voluntary or voluntary? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? Who says a website owner can contact them and ask to stop crawling or archiving a site? Who filed a lawsuit for archiving her web site profane-justice.org? What was the name of Suzanne Shell's web site? Where was Suzanne Shell's lawsuit filed? Where did Suzanne Shell file a lawsuit against Internet Archive? When did the Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell jointly announce the settlement of their lawsuit? Who settled the lawsuit against Suzanne Shell? Who was the plaintiff in the lawsuit? What did a pornographic actor send to the Archive to remove archived images of himself? Where did a pornographic actor try to remove archived images of himself? What are other names for the Dutch Republic? How long did the Dutch Republic exist? What did the Dutch Republic precede? What are the present-day Low Countries? What county was under the Kingdom of France? Who ruled most of the Low Countries? Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction? When did the Netherlands revolt against Philip II? Why did William I of Orange revolt against Philip II? In what year did a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries sign the Union of Utrecht? Who signed the Union of Utrecht? What was the name of the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II? When did the Act of Abjuration take place? What did the Union of Utrecht promise? When did the United Provinces invite Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them? When did the United Provinces fail to take Antwerp? When was William of Orange assassinated? Who refused the offer of sovereignty after the assassination of William of Orange? When did the provinces become a confederacy? What created the Batavian Republic? Where did the republican forces flee to? What did a series of republican revolutions in 1783-1795 create? When did the Netherlands regain independence from France? What names were used in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814? Who were the "Southern provinces" in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1815? During what era did the Dutch Republic dominate world trade? What was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world during the Dutch Golden Age? When was the Dutch East India Company founded? What city has the oldest stock exchange in the Netherlands? How many different cities did the Dutch East-India Company go public in? What city is recognized as the oldest stock exchange in the world? When did the Dutch have one of the strongest and fastest navies in the world? Where did the Dutch trade slaves from? What did the Dutch do in the Indian Ocean and Orient? How many provinces were in the republic? Who governed the Generality Lands? Who were the States General? What was the name of the eighth province? Why was the County of Drenthe denied representation in the States General? Who was the main executive official? Who commanded the army in times of war? Who commanded the army in times of war? Who were the stadtholders freely appointed by and subordinate to? Who were always chosen as stadtholders of most of the provinces? What provinces had the same stadtholder as Holland? Who supported the stadtholders? What political party supported the States General? After what treaty were border territories assigned to the United Provinces? What were the border territories assigned to the United Provinces? What were the names of the border territories assigned to the United Provinces? Who was in control of the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company? Which two provinces initiated shipping expeditions? Who was influenced by the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces? Who influenced the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces? What is the American Declaration of Independence similar to? When was Holland and Zeeland granted the right to accept only one religion? What did the Union say every person should be free in the choice of? Who was a strong supporter of public and personal freedom of religion? What was quickly forbidden in all provinces? Who did people who wanted to hold public office have to conform to in the Republic? What did the extent to which different religions were persecuted depend on? What was the punishment for people opening their homes to services in Leiden in the 17th century? What was one factor in causing large immigration of religious refugees from other parts of Europe? What controversy arose within the Reformed Church in the first years of the Republic? What controversy arose within the Reformed Church around the subject of predestination? Who banned the Remonstrant faith in 1618? When did the situation change from active persecution of religious services to a state of restricted toleration of other religions? How were other religions allowed to be tolerated? What language does symbiosis come from? What did Albert Bernhard Frank use the word symbiosis to describe? What nationality was Heinrich Anton de Bary? How long has it been debated about the definition of symbiosis? What are some symbiotic relationships? What is the term for an organism that cannot live on its own but does not have to live with the other organism? What are fungal and photosynthetic symbionts? What is an example of an ectosymbiosis? What is symbiosis in which the organisms are not in union? What is it called when one partner lives inside the other? What do bacterial endosymbionts provide essential nutrients to? What actinomycete nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in alder tree root nodules? What is inside reef-building corals? What attaches themselves to the jaw of baleen whales? What is an example of an ectoparasite? What is another name for Ectosymbiosis? What is another name for mutualism? What type of interactions involving close physical and biochemical contact can be considered symbiotic? What type of gut flora do herbivores have? What is the result of mutualisms between coral organisms and various types of algae? What do mutualisms between plants do? What type of fungi help extract water and minerals from the ground? What is an example of mutual symbiosis? What protects the clownfish from stinging tentacles? What is the relationship between ocellaris clownfish and Ritteri sea anemones called? Who sometimes lives together with a shrimp? What does the goby fish touch the shrimp with in case of danger? What type of symbiosis is known from encrusting bryozoans and hermit crabs? When were siboglinid tube worms discovered? What do siboglinid tube worms rely on their internal symbionts for? Where were the siboglinid tube worms discovered? What does the host cell lack during mutualistic symbioses? What does the host produce in order to favor the endosymbiont's growth processes? How are genetic changes passed onto the offspring? What is the foremost change in the endosymbiont caused by Adaptation of the endosymbiont to the host's lifestyle? What is it called when endosymbiotic bacteria cannot reinstate their wild type phenotype? What could have been the cause of the decrease in genome size? Where does the word commensalism come from? What describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped? What is it called when an organism uses another organism for housing? What is it called when an organism uses something another created after its death? What is it called when one organism uses another for transportation? What is it called when one member of an association benefits while the other is harmed? What is it called when parasites kill their host? What is it called when parasites rely on their host's surviving? How many animals have at least one parasitic phase in their life cycles? What is an example of a biotrophic relationship? What is it called when one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected? What are the two types of amensalism? What is one type of amensalism? What substance does Juglans nigra secrete? What insect ingests the Spanish ibex? What do the Spanish ibex and weevils feed upon? What is it called when an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other? What is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved? What does synnecrosis eventually cause? Is synnecrosis rare or common in nature? Why do bees inflict pain on themselves? What is believed to have resulted from a symbiosis between various sorts of bacteria? What are eukaryotes? What is Lynn Margulis famous for her work on? Along with Margulis, who said "Life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking"? What did symbiosis play in the co-evolution of flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them? What did some groups of plants develop? In some taxa of plants and insects the relationship has become what? What is the French name for the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the unified armed force of Canada constituted by? Who is the armed forces of Canada? What is the French name for the Canadian Forces? How many sub-components does the Reserve Force have? What act separates the Canadian Armed Forces from the Department of National Defence? Who is the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces? Who represents Queen Elizabeth II? Who leads the Canadian Armed Forces? Who advises and assists the Chief of the Defence Staff? During what war was a main focus of Canadian defence policy contributing to the security of Europe? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? When were Canadian ground and air forces based in Europe? When did Canadian ground and air forces cease to be based in Europe? Who moved much of its defence focus "out of area"? What has the Canadian military become more deeply engaged in since the end of the Cold War? What country has the Canadian military been involved in international security operations since 2002? When did the Canadian military begin to engage in international security operations in Afghanistan? Where has the North Atlantic Treaty Organization moved much of its defence focus since the end of the Cold War? What is Canadian defence policy based on? When was the Canada First Defence Strategy introduced? How many core missions is the Canadian military equipped to carry out? Where is the Canada First Defence Strategy located? What do the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to? What is one of the ways the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to Canadian defence diplomacy? Who participates in the System of Cooperation Among? What type of training does the Canadian Armed Forces provide? What is one way the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy? When did Canada become afederation? What forces did residents of the colonies in what is now Canada serve as regular members of? Who attacked the Canadian territories? What war was the War of 1812? What were Canadian militia units formed to defend British North America against? Who was responsible for military command in Canada? Where was the commander-in-chief for North America stationed? When did the British Army and Royal Navy withdraw from Halifax? The Royal Canadian Air Force was organized under what department? When were land forces in Canada referred to as the Canadian Army? What was the first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces? Who commanded the Canadian military during the Second Boer War? When did the United Kingdom enter conflict with Germany? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council decide to send its troops into? Along with the Second World War, what war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council send its troops to? How many operations have Canadian military units participated in since 1947? How many international operations have Canadian military units completed? What wars did Canada participate in? What type of operations did Canada participate in during the Suez Crisis? What did Canada maintain from 1957 to 1970 during the Cold War? What is the name of the Battle of Caen? What is a notable Canadian battle? What is a notable Canadian battle? Where is the Battle of Medak Pocket? What did Canada have fielded at the end of the Second World War? What country was the largest volunteer army ever fielded? What country had the largest military force in the world at the end of the Second World War? When did the Canadian Armed Forces merge? What were the Canadian Armed Forces merged into a unified structure in 1968? Who controlled Canada's air force until 1931? When did Canada gain legislative independence from the United Kingdom? In what war did the Canadian Corps sacrifice? What was the original name of the Canadian Armed Forces after the 1980s? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name change to "Canadian Forces"? When did the Canadian Armed Forces name return? What did the Canadian Armed Forces name change to after the 1980s? What was deployed in support of peacekeeping operations within United Nations sanctioned conflicts? What year did the Canadian Forces cease to be deployed in Afghanistan? What is the NATO-led United Nations International Security Assistance Force? Who requested the Canadian Forces be deployed in Afghanistan? Land Forces deployed in Afghanistan support what type of operations? How much is the Armed Forces funded annually? How is the UK's Armed Forces ranked compared to the world's other armed forces? What is the total force of the United States Armed Forces? What year is the number of primary reserve personnel expected to go up to 30,000? What is the total strength of the US Armed Forces? What was the name of the strategy used by the Government of Canada to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces? How did the Canada First Defence Strategy modernize the Canadian Armed Forces? What did Walter Natynczyk say the CF was facing a problem with? What equipment did the 2006 renewal and re-equipment effort acquire? What is the name of the air force's medium range transport aircraft fleet? What type of helicopters have been acquired for the Armed Forces? In what year did the Canada First Defence Strategy acquire equipment to support the mission in Afghanistan? What roles were open to women in the CAF in the 1950s? When did the roles of women in the CAF begin to expand? What non-traditional areas did the CAF expand employment opportunities into? What did the Department do as a result of the reviews? What document was passed by Parliament in 1978? What occupations were still closed to women in 1987? When did the Minister of National Defence create an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? Who created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? What was the name of the office created by the Minister of National Defence to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? When were all military occupations open to women? What was the only military occupation open to women in 2000? How much did the introduction of women into combat arms increase the potential recruiting pool? Who fully integrated women in all occupations and roles? What must all equipment be for a mixed-gender force? What equipment must be suitable for a mixed-gender force? What are women provided with? What is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces? What determines that the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the country's sovereign? What is the name of the viceroy who exercises the duties ascribed to the post of Commander-in-Chief? What orders are issued as Orders in Council? Who must sign Orders in Council? What do the monarch and viceroy generally follow? How many people are in the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Armed Forces? Who appoints the Chief of the Defence Staff? Where is the NDHQ located? Who is on the Armed Forces Council? How many Canadian Forces bases are in Canada? Where is the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School? Where do both officers and non-commissioned members receive basic training? How many warships and submarines are in the Royal Canadian Navy? Where is Her Majesty's Canadian Dockyard? What is the name of the formation in Quebec City? What does the RCN participate in? Who is the head of the Canadian Army? How many divisions are there in the Canadian Army? What are the four divisions of the Canadian Army? What is the last division of the Canadian Army? What is the last division of the Canadian Army? How many battalions of infantry are in the Regular Force? How many brigade groups does the Regular Force have? Along with a field ambulance, what brigade group is co-located with each brigade? What is co-located with each brigade? Where are major training and support establishments located? Who is the head of the Royal Canadian Air Force? Where is the Canadian NORAD Region based? How many wings do the 1 Canadian Air Division operate through? Who reports to the operational commander? What provinces have major air bases? Where are command and control facilities located? Where is the NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen located? What is the Canadian component of the NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen? What province has a major air base? What does JTFN stand for? What does the RCAF and JTFN maintain at various points throughout Canada's northern region? What does the RCAF and JTFN support at their forward operating locations? What type of squadrons are deployed for short training exercises or Arctic sovereignty patrols? What are the CF-18 squadrons used for? When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command established? What three commands were combined to form the Canadian Joint Operations Command? What was the Canadian Joint Operations Command created as a response to the cost-cutting measures? What does CanSOFCOM stand for? What is the focus of the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? What does the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command support? Where is the Canadian Joint Incident Response Unit based? How many Special Operations Aviation Squadron is based at CFB Petawawa? What is the Information Management Group responsible for? Where is the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group headquartered? What is the purpose of the CAF Cyber Task Force? When did the Canadian Armed Forces Chief of Force Development announce the establishment of the Directorate of Cybernetics? Who is the head of the Directorate of Cybernetics? Who does the Health Services Group provide health services to? What is temporarily assigned under command of the Surgeon General for domestic support and force generation? What is under command of the Surgeon General? When can the Canadian Armed Forces be called upon? What are the two types of reserve force that the Canadian Armed Forces have? Who represents the Primary Reserve? What are the four components of the Primary Reserve? What does COATS stand for? How old are the cadets in the COATS? What branch of the CAF are the majority of members of the COATS? What is the name of the Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS? What do the Canadian Rangers do? Where do the Canadian Rangers patrol? What type of force are the Canadian Rangers? What are the Canadian Rangers used for? What type of dress are CAF members allowed to wear on any occasion? What items are included in the CAF's ceremonial dress? What is the operational dress of most members of the CF? What is authorized for winter wear in cold climates? What do the navy, most army, and some other units have for very specific occasions? What are the authorized headdresses for the Canadian Armed Forces? How is the Canadian Armed Forces' headdress coloured? What is the most widely worn headdress? What is the Canadian Army's authorized headdress? What gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence? When was the regular funding for defence increased? Who had the right of electing the pope in 1059? How were ecclesiastics from outside Rome assigned as cardinals? What is the term for a priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church? When was the term cardinal first applied to the priests of the tituli of the diocese of Rome? What were the priests of the diocese of Rome called? What is the Latin for "hinge"? Who retains an instance of the origin of the term cardinal? Who were the first cardinals in Rome? In what century did the Roman cardinals become a privileged class among the Roman clergy? When was only a cardinal eligible to become pope? Whose pontificate gave cardinals the right to elect the pope? What gave cardinals the right to elect the pope? When were cardinals granted the privilege of wearing the red hat? Who granted the privilege of wearing the red hat in 1244? What was the name given to certain church men in cities other than Rome? In what year did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? When was the name cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome? Who first applied the name cardinal to the priests of Paris? In what year did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? Who reserved the title of cardinal to the cardinals of Rome in 1567? When was the name cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome? When did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write about the importance of selecting good Cardinals? Who headed the Ecumenical Council of Trent? When did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write about the importance of selecting good Cardinals? Who headed the Ecumenical Council of Trent? Which temporal rulers reasserted themselves through the influence of cardinals of certain nationalities? In early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in what? Who was the successor of Jules Mazarin? Who was the successor of Jules Mazarin? What was the name of the cardinal who was crowned king in Portugal? How many cardinals did Pope Sixtus V limit the number to? How many cardinals did Pope Sixtus V limit the number to? What pope exceeded the limit of cardinals? What was the maximum number of cardinal electors in 1971? Popes can dispense from church laws and have sometimes brought the number of cardinals under what age? What was the maximum number of cardinal electors in 1971? What did Pope Paul VI not set a limit on? Where does a cardinal take on a titular church? Who receives the titular bishopric of Ostia? What is the primary suburbicarian see? When did Pope Urban VIII decree the title of Eminence? Who decreed the title of Eminence in 1630? In 1630, Pope Urban VIII decreed that their secular rank would equate to what? Who was the Eminence secondary to? Who decreed the title of Eminence in 1630? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? How do cardinals sign? What is the full title of Oriental Patriarchs who are created Cardinals? Why do Oriental Patriarchs use "Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis" as their full title? What order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope? What is the name of the cardinal protodeacon that is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? How many sees carries an actual right to the cardinalate? What does no see carries an actual right to? Who are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What are Cardinal bishops? Who are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? Who was the person elected? Why was the rite of consecrating a bishop performed by someone who was already a bishop? What happens if the person elected Pope is not yet a bishop? What happens if the person elected Pope is not yet a bishop? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When was Velletri united with Ostia? Who decreed that the Dean of the College of Cardinals would keep the suburbicarian see he held? What are the seven suburbicarian sees? When did the cardinal bishops have no powers of governance over the suburbicarian sees? Where is the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome apostolic administrator? What is the role of the apostolic administrator in Ostia? When did the cardinal bishops have no powers of governance over the suburbicarian sees? Where is the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome apostolic administrator? Who is the apostolic administrator in Ostia? What are the cardinals of the Church collectively known as? Who is competent to judge a cardinal in matters subject to ecclesiastical jurisdiction? What does the pope give to each newly appointed cardinal to symbolize their bond with the papacy? Who gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring? What was the name of the wide-brimmed hat that the pope gave to a new cardinal? When was the galero tradition discontinued? What does the investiture of a new cardinal now take place with? Who continue to wear the normal dress appropriate to their liturgical tradition? What does the blood-like red of scarlet garments symbolize? What is the only scarlet garment a Latin-rite cardinal wears? What is the reason a cardinal wears scarlet garments? When was it customary for cardinals to wear a violet or blue cape? What happens if a pope dies before revealing the identity of an in pectore cardinal? Who was the first pope to create cardinals during the Western Schism? What were lay cardinals allowed to do? When was the Code of Canon Law promulgated? What is the Code of Canon Law? What can a cardinal not do? When were prominent priests not ordained bishops on their elevation to the cardinalate? When was it established that all cardinals had to be priests? When did Pope John XXIII set the norm that all cardinals be ordained as bishops? What is the role of the Cardinal Camerlengo? Who has the privilege of announcing a new pope's election? Where does the senior cardinal deacon announce a new pope's election and name? Who chose not to be crowned and opted for a simpler papal inauguration ceremony? What color mitre would cardinal deacons wear? How many cardinals of the order of deacons were there as of 2005? How long have Cardinal deacons been cardinal deacons? How many cardinals were Italian in 1939? How many cardinals were Italian in 1994? What did Cardinal deacons derive from? Who are the lowest-ranking cardinals? Who is the cardinal protopriest? Who is the current cardinal protopriest? Who must approve the election of the Dean of the College of Cardinals? What title do patriarch cardinals not receive? Who are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church? Who are cardinal priests below? What are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church? What are cardinal priests? What does every cardinal priest have? When did Pope Sixtus V set the maximum size of the College at 70? What was the maximum size of the College in 1587? Who abolished the maximum size of the College? What is another name for Iranian languages? What language family do Iranian languages form a branch of? What is the Indo-Iranian language family a branch of? When did Old Iranian end? What is a language of Sassanid Iran? How many Iranian languages are there? What language does Iranian descend from? Arya comes from what two languages? When was the term for the Iranian language family introduced? Who introduced the term for the Iranian language family in 1836? Who used the term Irano-Aryan in 1878? When did Robert Needham Cust use the term Irano-Aryan? What is the common ancestor of all Iranian languages? Where are the Indo-Iranian languages thought to have originated? What is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture ca. 2000 BC? When was the Indo-Iranian culture created? Balto-Slavic was a satem ethno-linguistic group of what family? Where did the Iranian tribes settle? What must have existed among the ancient speakers of Iranian languages? How many Iranian languages have survived? What is the last inscription in which Old Persian is still grammatically correct? When was the Behistun inscription composed? When did the transition from Old Persian to Middle Persian begin? What is the name of the two forms of Old Iranian dialect? What is the name of the indigenous Iranian religion? What is the same stage of development as the Old Avestan dialect? What is Younger Avestan at the same linguistic stage as? Carduchi was the hypothetical predecessor to what other Middle Iranian language? What did Herodotus call the language that had a predecessor "Old Iranian"? What groups did Iranian peoples settle into? Avestan and what other Iranian language are distinct? What Iranian language is grouped in "western" and "eastern" branches? What are the names of the Proto-Indo-Iranian first-series palatal consonants? What are the Proto-Indo-Iranian consonants? What languages do depalatalized affricates coincide with? What consonant clusters are a complication of depalatalized affricates? What is a further complication of depalatalized affricates? What is possible about the ancestor languages of Scythian? What are the hypothethical ancestor languages of Scythian? What is the name of the Old Iranian ancestor of Parthian? When did the Middle Iranian era end? What are the two main groups of Middle Iranian languages? Bactrian, Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Old Ossetic fall under what category? What language did the Eastern group retain some similarity to? What derived alphabets were used by the Eastern group? What was Bactrian written using? What was the official language of Middle Persian under the Sasanian dynasty in Iran? When was Middle Persian in use? What scripts were used as literary languages by the Manichaeans? What script were Manichaean texts written in? What ic Conquest of Persia led to important changes in the role of the different dialects? What was the official language of the Saffarid dynasty? What dynasty was the first in a line of many dynasties to officially adopt the new language? When did the Saffarid dynasty adopt Dari? What province was Dari associated with? What script did the Islamic conquest bring with it? When did the Arabic script begin to become less used? What script was first Latinised in the 1920s? When was Tajik script Cyrillicized? Who Cyrillicized the Tajik script in the 1930s? What is the name of the western Iran where Arabic was spoken? What Iranian languages were displaced by Turkic languages? When did the Proto-Slavic population take over the Scythian languages? Where is Yaghnobi located? What is the only remaining Scythian language in the Caucasus? What is the term for using windows, skylights, or light shelves? Proper lighting can have what kind of psychological effects on occupants? What does artificial lighting represent a major component of in buildings? What type of light sources are used in lighting? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is the term for using windows, skylights, or light shelves? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? Proper lighting can have what kind of psychological effects on occupants? What does artificial lighting represent a major component of in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is used for indoor lighting? What is a key part of interior design? What is a key part of interior design? What is used for indoor lighting? What is a key part of interior design? When was fluorescent lighting first available? What type of lighting is popular in Canada? When were fires first used in the caves of Peking Man? What animals were used as oil lamps? What were the earliest forms of artificial lighting? How long ago were the first oil lamps found in the Lascaux caves? What type of light bulb was powered by electricity? When did gas lighting begin to be used in major cities? What did more street lights reduce? What come in a wide variety of styles for various functions? What is the most important function of a lighting fixture? How is luminous efficacy measured? What is the daylight temperature of an incandescent bulb? What has a color temperature of 2800 to 3000 Kelvin? High color temperatures correspond to lamps with what appearance? What type of lamps have more energy in the yellow and red part of the visible spectrum? What largely determines the classification of general, accent, or task lighting? Who invented track lighting? What feeds all of the fixtures on the track or rod with 12 or 24 volts? What type of lighting is hung from or clipped to bare metal cables under tension? What does a master transformer feed all of the fixtures on the track or rod with? What is an uplight intended for ambient lighting? What is the most common fixture found in many homes and offices? What type of lighting is a desk lamp? In what type of club would neon be considered general lighting? What fell out of favor after the 1980s? What type of lighting is neon? What are the steps in a movie theater usually marked with? What type of lamps are being replaced with low wattage, low voltage lamps? What is another name for a track-based light? What are used to light roadways and walkways at night? Along with LEDs, what type of luminaires are being designed to provide an energy-efficient alternative to traditional street light fixtures? What can be used to illuminate outdoor playing fields or work zones during nighttime hours? What can be used along roadways in urban areas? What can be used outside to illuminate and signal the entrance to a property? What color are the tail and brake lights? What color are the headlamps? When did some automakers begin to use electroluminescent technology to backlight their cars' speedometers? What color are the rear-facing reversing lamps? What flashes on the front, side, and rear of the vehicle indicate an intended change of position or direction? What is the name of the part of a light fixture that converts electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation? What does a light fixture convert into electromagnetic radiation? What is the wattage of an incandescent light bulb? How many lumens does a 15-watt compact fluorescent lamp produce? What is lighting design as it applies to the built environment known as? What is the term for lighting design as it applies to the built environment? What is a software that can help an Architect quickly undertake complex calculations to review the benefit of a particular design? What type of data are hand-calculations based on? How does artificial lighting take into account the amount of daylight received in an internal space? What type of paint absorbs light, making a room appear smaller and more dim? What type of paint absorbs light and makes a room appear dim? What are often used to simulate lighting designs for projects before they are built or renovated? What is prepared so that the lighting operator can control the lights in step with the performance? Motion picture and television production use many of the same tools and methods of what? What is the basic SI unit of measurement? What is the SI unit for luminance? What is the CGS unit of luminance? How is the amount of useful light emitted from a source measured? What is a standardized model of human visual brightness perception? What is the SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance measured in? What does UGR stand for? What does CCT stand for? What does CRI stand for? What is an indication of a light source's ability to make objects appear natural? What is another name for correlated color temperature? What metric is used to determine the relative separation of object colors illuminated by a light source? What is the gamut area index? What is the metric called gamut area index? What is an example of a dosimeter? What is the first device created to accurately measure and characterize light entering the eye? What is the Daysimeter? How many days can the Daysimeter gather data for? What type of light stimulates the circadian system? What is the basic concept of deciding how much illumination is required for a given task? What type of system reduces energy usage and cost? What are many newer control systems using? What is an example of a wireless mesh open standard? What is the main benefit of using wireless mesh open standards? What type of sensors allow operation for whenever someone is within the area being scanned? What do passive infrared sensors react to? What type of sensors transmit sound above the range of human hearing? When can motion be detected? What is the oldest method of interior lighting? Is daylighting popular or not in most buildings? What is another name for light emitting diodes? What is the most effective way to control the light emission of LEDs? What can cause headache frequency, stress, and increased blood pressure? What may designing lighting systems that maximize the right amount of light at the appropriate time of day for the elderly relieve symptoms of? How many hours is the human circadian system entrained to a light-dark pattern? What happens when the circadian system is disrupted? Who documented a study that surveyed 23 surgical patients? How many negative evaluative comments did nurses receive in a 1972 study? How many negative evaluative comments did nurses receive in a 1972 study? Where is Alison Jing Xu from? Where is Aparna Labroo from? Who invented the kerosene distilled from petroleum? When was kerosene distilled from petroleum? What method was used to distill kerosene? What is another name for CFLs? Are all CFL's suitable for dimming? How much power do LED lamps use compared to incandescents? How many hours do LED lamps last? How long do LED lamps last? What percentage of power do energy saving halogen lamps use? What is a growing problem in response to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings? What is the term for sharp shadows that blind passersby? What can be used if natural light is not present? What is a critical part of the battlefield conditions? Modern warfare has seen increased use of night vision through what? What can be used by the military to mark positions? What weapons have eliminated the need for lasers in the military? What does CIE stand for? What does IESNA stand for? Along with the IESNA, what other organizations publish guidelines, standards, and handbooks? What does photometric data define for a specific luminaire? What does IALD stand for? What does PLDA stand for? What was the PLDA formerly known as? What is the name of the National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professions? Who offers the Lighting Certification Examination? What is the abbreviation for Lighting Certified? What are the other two national examinations in the lighting industry? What does PLASA stand for? Where is the PLASA based? How many members does the PLASA have? What does RoHS stand for? What is a political doctrine originating in the writings of Montesquieu? How many branches of government did Montesquieu urge for a constitutional government? What is the name of the document that describes the separation of powers? What is the United States form of separation of powers associated with? What is the idea of separation of powers called? Who was a notable philosopher in the Age of Enlightenment? Which philosopher strongly opposed separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who did Montesquieu's writings influence? Who was a notable philosopher in the Age of Enlightenment? Which philosopher strongly opposed separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? In what country was the Westminster system based on parliamentary sovereignty and responsible government? What was the UK Westminster system based on? Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia all kept the branches of government what? What country did not have strict separation of powers? What was the President of Delaware's position? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What Supreme Court case held that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President? When was the case Clinton v. City of New York? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What doctrine states that Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency? What Supreme Court case held that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the President? When was the case Clinton v. City of New York? What was one of the earliest cases involving the limits of non-delegation? When did Wayman v. Southard occur? Who wrote that "a general provision may be made and power given to those who are to act under such general provisions, to fill up the details"? Who did Wayman v. Southard claim Congress unconstitutionally clothed with legislative powers? What was one of the earliest cases involving the limits of non-delegation? Who wrote that "a general provision may be made and power given to those who are to act under such general provisions, to fill up the details"? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? What was the name of the agency created by the Supreme Court in 1935? When was the case of A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States? When was the case of A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States? What was the name of the case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration? What military branches does the President become the Commander in Chief of? Whose Advice and Consent does the president have to make appointments to office? How can Congress terminate a president's appointments? What type of oversight does the Federal Trade Commission have? What type of power is vested in the President? Who is vested with executive power? How can Congress terminate a president's appointments? The Constitution empowers the president to ensure the faithful execution of laws made by whom? What does Congress often write legislation to restrain executive officials to? What was the Supreme Court's decision in 1983? When was INS v. Chadha decided? In INS v. Chadha, what percentage of the Senate and House must present a bill if the president disapproves it? What type of power is vested in the Supreme Court? Who appoints judges to the Supreme Court? Who advises and consents the president to appoint judges? What are courts that exercise judicial power called? What is the power to decide cases and controversies vested in the Supreme Court? Who appoints judges to the Supreme Court? Who advises and consents the president to appoint judges? What type of courts do not take the form of judicial agencies or commissions? Legislative courts may not exercise what power? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who exercises a check over Congress through his power to veto bills? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who appoints judges? Who appoints judges? Who is the civilian Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States? Who has the power to declare war? Who must confirm all Generals and Admirals appointed by the president? Who checks the executive branch and legislative branch through judicial review? What case established a precedent for judicial review? What is the only court that may determine constitutionality? Who has the power to set the jurisdiction of the courts? Who is the only constitutional limit on Congress' power to set the jurisdiction of the judiciary? Who presides in the Senate during a president's impeachment trial? Who wrote in Federalist 51? Where did James Madison write about the ability of each branch of government to defend itself? What branch of government has the president been in a see-saw struggle with? How many bills did George Washington veto? How many bills did James Monroe veto? How many bills did Andrew Jackson veto during his two terms in office? Who was the first to use the veto as a political weapon? How many of Johnson's vetoes did Congress override? What act attempted to curb the power of the presidency? Who was the first Democratic president after Johnson? Who was the first Democratic president after Johnson? Who had sweeping authority during the Great Depression? Who granted Franklin Roosevelt sweeping authority during the Great Depression? What did Richard Nixon use as a basis for his expansion of power? What is it argued applies to the Judicial branch as well as the other branches? Who is in charge of the establishment of rules for the conduct of the courts? Who regulates attorneys appearing in Florida courts? Who regulates attorneys appearing in Florida courts? What type of works are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art? What is the Latin word for architecture? What is the process and product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings? What is often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art? Historical civilizations are often identified with what? What language does the word "architect" come from? Where does the word "architect" come from? What is architecture? What are architectural works often perceived as? What are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements? What is the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who wrote De architectura? When was De architectura written? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas? What is the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who wrote De architectura? What is De architectura? What three principles did Vitruvius believe a good building should satisfy? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas and venustas? When was the idea of style in the arts developed? Who wrote "Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects"? What languages were Vasari's Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects translated into? What profession did Vitruvius believe should strive to fulfill each of the three attributes as well as possible? Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria? Leon Battista Alberti saw beauty primarily as a matter of what? What did Alberti believe the rules of proportion governed? In what century was the idea of style in the arts developed? Who wrote Contrasts? When did Pugin write Contrasts? What did Pugin write in 1836? When did Pugin write Contrasts? What did Pugin disparage in Contrasts? What type of architecture did Pugin believe was the only true Christian form of architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? What was John Ruskin's profession? When was John Ruskin's Seven Lamps of Architecture published? What did John Ruskin believe the sight of architecture contribute to? Is a building truly a work of architecture unless it is in some way "adorned"? What was of overriding significance for Ruskin? What does Ruskin say a building is not truly a work of architecture unless? What did Ruskin believe a well-constructed, well-proportioned, functional building needed? When was Le Corbusier born? Who wrote that "Ingenuity is at work"? What was Le Corbusier's profession? When was Le Corbusier born? What part of Le Corbusier's body did he say "you do me good"? What did Le Corbusier say when he saw the work of Le Corbusier? What term was used to describe the enjoyment of a building? What other criteria were included in the definition of function? Whose "utility" was replaced by the concept of "function"? What did "function" encompass? What was the reaction to the idea that structural and aesthetic considerations should be entirely subject to functionality? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects? rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and phenomenology are examples of what that have influenced modern architects? rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and phenomenology have influenced what? Along with rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, and phenomenology, what philosophy influenced modern architects? When was a new concept added to the compass of both structure and function? What concept was added to the compass of both structure and function in the late 20th century? What is a building to satisfy the contemporary ethos of sustainable architecture? What should a building make demands on to satisfy the contemporary ethos? What are some of the needs that building evolved out of? What began to be formalized through oral traditions and practices? What did human cultures begin to formalize through oral traditions and practices? What is the name given to the most formalized and respected versions of building? What did building first evolve out of the dynamics between needs and means? What makes up most of the built world that people experience every day? What caused the economy to expand? What is it widely assumed that architectural success was the product of? What type of architecture continues to be produced in many parts of the world? What type of settlements were early human settlements mostly? What did the economy begin to expand due to a surplus in production? How did urban areas grow and evolve in some cases? What ancient civilizations resorted to monumentality in architecture to represent the political power of the ruler? What ancient civilizations resorted to monumentality in architecture to represent the political power of the ruler? What did architecture and urbanism reflect the constant engagement with in ancient civilizations? What did ancient cultures use monumentality in architecture to represent? Who wrote early Asian writings on architecture? Where was the Kao Gong Ji from? When was the Kao Gong Ji written? What is the name of the Sri Lankan architecture writing? What is the name of ancient India's architecture? What led to architectural forms that were designed to enhance the natural landscape? What type of architecture showed great regional diversity? When did Hindu temple architecture develop? What is Hindu temple architecture concerned with expressing? Hindu temple architecture is governed by concepts laid down in what? Along with Hindu and Sikh architecture, what type of architecture showed great regional diversity? What led to architectural forms that were designed to enhance the natural landscape? What did the widespread application of the pointed arch influence? When did Islamic architecture begin? Along with the Middle East, where did Islamic architecture originate? What were the features of Islamic architecture developed to suit? What type of arch influenced European architecture in the Medieval period? What were the major architectural undertakings? What were the major architectural undertakings? Who carried architectural knowledge across Europe? What style of architecture was created by the movements of clerics and tradesmen? Along with the Gothic style, what style was created by the movements of clerics and tradesmen? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? When did Renaissance Humanism begin? When did a revival of Classical learning occur in Renaissance Europe? Where was there a revival of Classical learning from about 1400 onwards? In what period did the cult of the individual begin? What did Renaissance Humanism place greater emphasis on than was the case during the Medieval period? What were the three vocations in the Renaissance period? What types of considerations does Architecture have to reflect? What does Architecture plan and design to reflect functional, technical, social, environmental, and aesthetic considerations? The practice of Architecture also encompasses what aspects of realizing buildings and structures? Who said architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences? How did Nunzia Rondanini say architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences? What can architecture stimulate and influence without presuming that it will promote social development? What does architecture not presume that it will promote? What does architecture go beyond that it has in common with other human sciences? What is the meaning ofarchitectural formalism? What is a purposeless quest for formalism that degrades form into a mere instrumentality? What type of alism is a purposeless quest for perfection or originality that degrades form into a mere instrumentality? What did the architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations evolve from? What emerged from the architecture of the Classical civilizations? What did the architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations evolve from? What developed in the form of the Classical orders? Texts on architecture have been written since what time? What did canons provide? What is another term for formal prescriptions? When was Vitruvius born? What are some of the most important early examples of canonic architecture? What was formed by craftsmen in Europe during the Medieval period? What has survived in relation to ecclesiastical buildings? Written contracts have survived in relation to what type of buildings? What is another name for a master mason? What did science and engineering affect in buildings? The level of structural calculations involved in a bridge was within the scope of what? What two fields began to separate with the rise of new materials and technology? What did the focus on aesthetics and the humanist aspects of architecture often expense? What was the name of the architect who dealt with wealthy clients? What did formal training in the 19th century give little emphasis to? Where did effective architects receive their training? What did the Industrial Revolution open the door for? What became cheaper under machine production? What became a criterion for the middle class? What were house builders able to combine with current architectural design? What could house builders use in their work by combining features from pattern books and architectural journals? In what century did a general dissatisfaction with the emphasis on revivalist architecture and elaborate decoration give rise to new lines of thought? What did the dissatisfaction with revivalist architecture lead to? When was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? Why was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? What school was founded in Weimar, Germany in 1919? What type of movement was modern architecture when it was first practiced? Who did modernist architects focus on meeting? What did the academic refinement of historical styles serve? What type of details did Modernist architects use? What did Modernist architects remove from buildings? Who created Robie House and Fallingwater? What are two examples of organic architecture? What was the aim of Organic architecture? What gave birth to high-rise superstructures? What gave birth to high-rise superstructures? What style was the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center designed by Minoru Yamasaki? What is the name of the World Trade Center building designed by Minoru Yamasaki? Who designed the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center? What did many architects resisted modernism because it was devoid of? Who were some of the architects who tried to expand the aesthetics of modernism with Brutalism? What were Brutalism buildings made of? What generation critiqued modernism for being too austere, standardized, monotone and not taking into account the richness of human experience? What is one reaction to the cold aesthetic of modernism and Brutalism? What are two examples of metaphoric architecture? biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture use what as the primary source of inspiration and design? What type of architecture is the school of metaphoric architecture? When did architectural phenomenology emerge as an important movement against modernism? What was architectural phenomenology an important movement against? What did architectural phenomenology aim to expand? Who famously defined postmodern architecture as a "decorated shed"? What are buildings with unnecessarily expressive tectonic forms called? When did the complexity of buildings begin to increase? What can no longer be the design of a large structure? What two styles of architecture have been criticised by some members of the architectural profession? What has become a mainstream issue? What has the major shift in architecture schools changed the focus of architecture schools? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture in the 1960s? What organization is responsible for the LEED rating system? What recent movements promote a sustainable approach to construction? What does New Urbanism lean against? New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture promote a sustainable approach to construction that appreciates and develops what? What does New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture, and New Classical Architecture promote a sustainable approach to construction against? What indicators are included in the Human Development Index? How long is the life expectancy at birth? Who developed the HDI? Who published the Human Development Index? How long is the life expectancy at birth? When was the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index introduced? What does IHDI stand for? What does the 2010 Human Development Report state is the level of human development? What can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development? When was the Human Development Reports created? Who helped Haq develop the Human Development Reports? What did the HDI aim to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to? When was the Human Development Reports created? What is the term for life expectancy at birth? What does MYS stand for? What does EYS stand for? What is the GNIpc? Who promulgates the formula defining the HDI? When was the 2015 Human Development Report released? What year were the estimates for HDI values based on? When was the 2014 Human Development Report released? What year were the estimates for HDI values based on? What is the measure of the average level of human development of people in a society once inequality is taken into account? What is the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index? What country has a missing IHDI? What does HDI stand for? Why were some countries not included in the 2014 report? What country was not included in the 2014 report? When was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What year were the estimates for HDI values based on? What is the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index? What country has a missing IHDI? What country has a missing IHDI? What year was the Human Development Report released? What country has a missing IHDI? What country has a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2011 report? What country was not included in the 2011 report? When was the 2010 Human Development Report released? What year was the Human Development Report released? What are the three basic dimensions of human development? What country has a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2010 UNDP report? Who lodged a formal protest at its lack of inclusion in the 2010 UNDP report? What has Cuba ranked as in recent years? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? What was the title of the 2009 Human Development Report? What category were the top countries in the 2009 Human Development Report grouped in? What does the report refer to the countries that have very high human development as? What were some countries not included for? What was the name of the new index released on December 18, 2008? What was not included in the "statistical update"? What was the period covered by the "statistical update"? When was the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 launched? What was the focus of the Human Development Report for 2007/2008? Most of the data used for the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 are derived from what year? Most of the data used for the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 are derived from what year? Where was the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 launched? Which countries saw a decrease in HDI? What HDI is considered to be low development? Where are all 22 countries in the low development category located? Where does Gabon rank in terms of HDI score? Where does South Africa rank in terms of HDI score? What are the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What is the minimum HDI score for a country? What country has the highest HDI score? Along with Saudi Arabia and Albania, what country has a HDI of 0.8 or more? What represents a decrease in ranking? What represents an increase in ranking over the previous study? What represents a nation that did not move in the rankings since the previous study? What country has been ranked the highest twelve times? Which country has been ranked highest twice? What does the Human Development Index focus on? What type of models of development have the Human Development Index been criticized for? What kind of perspective has the Human Development Index been criticized from? What ideological bias has the Human Development Index been criticized for? How many sources of data error did the three economists identify? When did the UNDP update the thresholds to classify nations as low, medium, and high human development countries? In what magazine did the UNDP respond to the criticism of the HDI? How many economies did the UNDP HDI enumerate in 2009? How many countries did the UNDP HDI cover in 2010? What is another name for southern Europe? What peninsula does Spain and Portugal belong to? Which countries are geographically in the southern part of Europe but have different historical, political, economic, and cultural backgrounds? Along with Greece and the Iberian peninsula, what country is a part of southern Europe? What are some ways to define southern Europe? What natural features can be used to define southern Europe? What is Southern Europe's most emblematic climate? What areas of Turkey have a Mediterranean climate? What do the areas of Mediterranean climate present similar to? Where are cooler climates found in Southern European countries? Which coast of Spain experiences a wetter Atlantic climate? What type of climate is found on the north coast of Spain? What does Armen Takhtajan recognize? Who recognized the Mediterranean Region's phytochoria? What period began with the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece? What did the rise of classical antiquity begin with? Whose empire reached its zenith in classical antiquity? Where was the Western Roman Empire based? Where was the Eastern Roman Empire based? What peoples attacked the Western Roman Empire in AD 476? When was the Fall of the Western Roman Empire? When was the Western Roman Empire based in Rome and the Eastern Roman Empire based in Constantinople? What did modern historians refer to the Eastern Roman Empire as? Who established kingdoms and empires of their own in Western Europe? What did Germanic people establish in Western Europe? What was the name of the series of religiously motivated military expeditions intended to bring the Levant back into Christian rule? When did the Sack of Constantinople occur? Which two merchant republics would become major economic powers after the Crusades? What movement worked to reconquer Iberia for Christendom? What did the Sack of Constantinople bring an abrupt end to? What era represented a period of upheaval in Europe? What epidemic caused a demographic catastrophe in Europe? Who encroached steadily on former Byzantine lands in the Balkans? When was the Fall of Constantinople? When did the renaissance begin in Florence? Where did the renaissance begin? What did the renaissance challenge traditional doctrines in? What types of knowledge did the Arab renaissance bring about the rediscovery of? Which two countries were involved in the Reconquista? In what year was the Peace of Westphalia signed? The Treaty of the Pyrenees ended a conflict between which two countries? Who invented the telescope and the thermometer? Who invented the radio? What did European overseas expansion lead to? What did the rise of colonial empires produce? What was the new economy based on? The Columbian Exchange was the result of resource inflows from the New World and what other event? When did the Balkan nations regain independence from the Ottoman Empire? Who did the Balkan nations regain independence from? When was Rome captured? Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what? When did World War I begin? In what year did the Allies defeat the Central Powers? When did the Big Four impose their terms in a series of treaties? Who came to power in 1933? Who was the leader of the Nazi regime in 1933? Who was Mussolini's successor? Who was the leader of Italy in the Second World War? What military alliance did the countries in the Soviet sphere of influence join? What was the name of the organization that divided powers? What did the EU have charge of? When did communism end in the satellite countries? When did the Soviet Union dissolve? When did Croatia join the European Union? What is the most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe? Where is Italian spoken by over 50 million people? Where is Catalan spoken? What is the most common romance language spoken in northwestern Spain? How many people in Spain and Gibraltar speak Spanish? What languages are widely spoken in Greece and in the Greek part of Cyprus? Where is the Hellenic language widely spoken? What South Slavic language is spoken in Macedonia? What South Slavic language is spoken in Bulgaria? Where is Slovene spoken? What language is used as a second language in parts of Southern Europe? What language is spoken in Gibraltar? What is the second language spoken in Malta? What language is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece? What type of language is Maltese? Where is the Basque Country located? What is the predominant religion in southern Europe? When was Christianity adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire? What religion are Christians in the western half of Southern Europe? What is the predominant religion in the eastern half of Southern Europe? What is the United Nations Organization's classification of countries? What is the purpose of assigning countries to specific groupings? What does the UN call Southern Europe? What does TDM stand for? Who divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics (TDM) model? What is the name of the British Broadcasting Corporation? What is the name of the charter that the British Broadcasting Corporation operates under? When did the BBC begin producing television programmes? When was the start of BBC television broadcasts? Where does the British Broadcasting Corporation operate? What percentage of UK viewing does the BBC television channels account for? What does the BBC rank as one of the world's largest? When was Britain's first television broadcast? Where was Baird Television Ltd.'s studio located? On what date was Britain's first television broadcast? When did Baird broadcasts cease? When was simultaneous transmission of sound and picture achieved? Where did the BBC begin programming from? How were the 30-line images transmitted to the medium wave transmitter at Brookmans Park? Advances in all-electronic television systems made what broadcasts obsolete? Where did the BBC move to in February 1934? When did the BBC move to larger quarters? Where was the converted wing of the BBC located? What band was the transmitter now broadcasting on? How many lines did the Baird intermediate film system have? How many lines did the Marconi-EMI system use? What days did the BBC broadcast from 15:00 to 16:00 and 21:00 to 22:00? How long was the trial period for the Baird and Farnsworth systems? What type of cameras did the Baird system use for live programming? When did the Baird system end? How far from the Alexandra Palace transmitter was RCA's initial range? When were transmissions picked up by engineers at RCA in New York? Who was experimenting with a British television set in 1938? What were engineers at RCA in New York experimenting with in 1938? Where was the BBC antenna located? When was television production switched to BBC One? What was the first broadcast on a dedicated TV channel? Who was the first major outside broadcast? When was the BBC television service suspended? What was the government concerned would act as a beacon to enemy aircraft homing in on London? What was one of the television service's technical staff and engineers needed for the war effort? What was the last program transmitted? When was broadcasting suspended? How many television sets were manufactured from 1936 to 1939? Who was one of the original announcers? When did BBC Television return? Where did the majority of production move to in the 1950s? What cartoon was repeated twenty minutes later? Where was the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station opened? What was the name of the station that extended postwar broadcast coverage to Birmingham in 1949? What type of image was transmitted on VHF by the mid-1950s? On what format was the 405-line interlaced image transmitted? What was the BBC Television Service renamed in 1960? Who did the BBC regularly compete with to become the channel with the highest ratings for that week? What science fiction show was introduced on 23 November 1963? Where did television transmissions resume in 1946? What was the second television station for the UK? What was the third television station for the UK? What caused the launch of BBC2 to be put off air? Where was the fire that put off the launch of BBC2? Who hosted the launch of BBC2? What was the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in colour? When did BBC One and ITV begin 625-line colour broadcasts? What type of programming does BBC Two not have? Who was the first controller of BBC2? Civilisation, The Ascent of Man and Horizon are examples of what type of programming? When did the Tom and Jerry cartoons first air on BBC One? When did the BBC stop airing the Tom and Jerry cartoons? How many episodes of Tom and Jerry aired on BBC One in 1967? On what station did Tom and Jerry's cartoons occasionally air in the morning? What BBC unit did David Attenborough work for after being granted sabbatical leave? When did the BBC Natural History Unit begin? What are some of the programmes produced by the BBC Natural History Unit? How many regions does England's BBC One output split up into? What other nations of the United Kingdom have been granted more autonomy from the English network? Who introduces most programmes in the United Kingdom? What is an example of a local importance programme shown on the BBC? What programme is produced by BBC Northern Ireland? What soap opera is produced by BBC Scotland? What language does BBC Scotland produce programming for? What are two popular children's programmes produced by BBC Scotland? What is the name of BBC Northern Ireland's talk show? How much of its output is required by the Broadcasting Act 1990? What is an example of a program that was imported from the United States? What is an example of a programme imported from Australia? What type of service was Ceefax? When did the BBC introduce Ceefax? What service replaced Ceefax? When did the BBC announce it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted? From what satellite did the BBC plan to transmit its channels? On what date did the BBC announce it would transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted? How much money was the BBC estimated to save by transferring channels unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite? Where were the BBC channels free-to-air? Who expressed concern about the unencrypted signal leaking out? On what platform were some broadcasts made unavailable? What broadcasts were made unavailable on the Sky Digital platform? When did the BBC celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins? What did the BBC release to celebrate the 50th anniversary of its television news bulletins? What format did the BBC first produce before 1954? What was the first reality parenting show? Who was the head of the BBC Television department in 2006? What was the name of the new group that the BBC Television department was absorbed into in 2006? What was a major factor in the restructuring of the BBC? When did the BBC begin experimenting with live streaming? When were all standard BBC television channels made available to watch online? What is the corporation's most exported television program? How many times has Keeping Up Appearances been sold to overseas broadcasters? Who confirmed that Keeping Up Appearances is the corporation's most exported television programme? How often are viewers required to pay the television licence fee? What are the BBC's international television channels funded by? When did BBC Television revert to Television? Who is the head of the Television division of the BBC? What is Television responsible for? When did BBC Japan cease operations? When did BBC Japan cease operations? What type of channel was BBC Japan? When was Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger born? Who is Arnold Schwarzenegger? How many terms did Schwarzenegger serve as the 38th Governor of California? At what age did Schwarzenegger begin weight training? How many times did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Olympia contest? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's 1982 film? At what age did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Universe title? What was Schwarzenegger's nickname during his acting career? In what year did Schwarzenegger complete his second term as governor? What political party was Schwarzenegger? Who was Schwarzenegger to replace? When was Schwarzenegger sworn in? In what country was Schwarzenegger born? Who was Aurelia Schwarzenegger's mother? Who was Schwarzenegger's father? What was Gustav Schwarzenegger's job title? Who was Gustav's elder son? What was one of the highlights of Schwarzenegger's youth? What sport did Schwarzenegger's coach take his team to a gym in 1960? What was Schwarzenegger's first movie experience? What did Schwarzenegger's father want him to be? Who was Schwarzenegger's father? In what year did Schwarzenegger's brother die? What was Schwarzenegger's son's name? What was Gustav Schwarzenegger's cause of death? Who was Schwarzenegger's first serious girlfriend? What newspaper did Schwarzenegger interview in 2004? What title was Schwarzenegger's ticket to America? What contest did Schwarzenegger win during his army service? In what year did Schwarzenegger attend the NABBA Mr. Universe competition? Where was the NABBA Mr. Universe competition held? Who was Schwarzenegger's childhood idol? What part of his body did Schwarzenegger focus on improving? How many hours a day did Schwarzenegger train in Munich? Whose gym did Schwarzenegger work in? How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the U.S.? How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the U.S.? Where did Schwarzenegger win his first Mr. Olympia title? Who was Schwarzenegger's weight training partner? Who said that Schwarzenegger is the most famous immigrant in America? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's autobiography? Where did Schwarzenegger take English classes? What did a friend tell Schwarzenegger he was teaching? What did Schwarzenegger reveal he was struggling with for the first time in his life? What is Schwarzenegger's legacy commemorated in? How often did Schwarzenegger write for Muscle & Fitness and Flex? How much did the two magazines agree to donate a year to the Governor? What position did Schwarzenegger hold after being elected Governor of California? What competition did he win in 1965? How many Mr. Olympia wins did Lee Haney have? How long was Schwarzenegger working out in 2011? What contest did Schwarzenegger win in 1967? In what year did Schwarzenegger lose to Sergio Oliva? Who did Schwarzenegger lose to in 1969? In what year did Schwarzenegger win the competition? How old was Schwarzenegger in 1970? Who did Schwarzenegger beat in the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest? In what year did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Olympia title for the sixth time? What contest did Schwarzenegger win in 1975? What was the name of the bodybuilding documentary Schwarzenegger filmed for? How long did it take for Schwarzenegger to prepare for the 1975 Mr. Olympia? Who did Schwarzenegger appear with in the film Stay Hungry? What movie was Schwarzenegger training for? How many weeks did it take for Schwarzenegger to win the Mr. Olympia? How many weeks did it take for Schwarzenegger to win the Mr. Olympia? When did Schwarzenegger write that he used anabolic steroids? Who did Schwarzenegger sue in 1999? How much was the libel judgment against Dr. Heepe? Who did Schwarzenegger settle with in 1999? Who did Schwarzenegger play in the 1970s film Hercules? What was Schwarzenegger's nickname in the film Hercules? Who directed 'The Long Goodbye'? What award did Schwarzenegger receive for his role in Stay Hungry? What was Schwarzenegger's body thought to be? When did Schwarzenegger purchase the rights to Pumping Iron? In what year did Schwarzenegger appear in a biographical film as Jayne Mansfield? What role did Schwarzenegger audition for? What movie did Schwarzenegger appear in with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret? What was the name of the sequel to Conan the Barbarian? In what year was Conan the Destroyer released? Who directed the film The Terminator? Who starred in the comedy thriller Last Action Hero? In what year was The Running Man made? What was the name of the 1988 comedy with Danny DeVito? How much did Total Recall make for Schwarzenegger? What telemovie did Schwarzenegger direct in 1992? What TV series did Schwarzenegger first direct? What was the highest-grossing film of 1991? Who named Schwarzenegger the "International Star of the Decade"? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's spy film? What was the last of Schwarzenegger's three collaborations with Ivan Reitman? How much did the movie earn? How tall is the Terminator statue? What was the name of the local cultural association that proposed to build a Terminator statue in Graz? In what film did Schwarzenegger appear as himself? What was the name of the comic book character that Schwarzenegger was working on with Stan Lee? Who did Schwarzenegger co-develop the Governator with? What was the name of the WWII action drama based on a true story? Who wrote the World War II action drama With Wings as Eagles? When did Schwarzenegger's entertainment counsel announce that all movie projects were being halted? How long has Schwarzenegger been in a leading role in 'The Last Stand'? What was Schwarzenegger's first co-starring role with Sylvester Stallone? What was the name of the fifth Terminator movie? When was the fifth Terminator movie released? In what year did Schwarzenegger give a speech explaining why he was a Republican? What video did Schwarzenegger appear in in 1985? In what year did Schwarzenegger first come to prominence as a Republican? Who was the vice president of the United States in 1988? What did George H. W. Bush call Schwarzenegger? In what year was Schwarzenegger interviewed by Talk magazine? Who claimed that Schwarzenegger sought to end speculation that he might run for governor of California? When did Schwarzenegger announce his candidacy? How many of Schwarzenegger's films were referred to as "The Running Man"? How much of the Yes vote was in favor of a recall? Who was Schwarzenegger's closest rival? How many votes did Schwarzenegger win? How much of the vote did Bustamante get? Who was the first foreign-born governor of California? Who said he would start a drive to recall Schwarzenegger? What sketch did Schwarzenegger use as a catchphrase? In what month and year did the special election Schwarzenegger called? How many ballot measures were defeated in the 2005 election? Who was Schwarzenegger's Chief of Staff? Who was the California State Treasurer in 2006? Where was the 2006 Martin Luther King, Jr. breakfast held? What office was Schwarzenegger rumored to be running for in 2010? Who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger? Who was Schwarzenegger's father-in-law? What movie portrays Schwarzenegger as the president? When did Schwarzenegger become a U.S. citizen? What is Schwarzenegger's dual citizenship? Who was the Senator that Schwarzenegger endorsed? Along with McCain, who was a good friend of Schwarzenegger? What concerns did McCain and Schwarzenegger have? What group named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in 2010? What was Eisenhower's approval rating in December 2003? What was Eisenhower's approval rating when he left office? What was the name of the allegations made against Schwarzenegger? How many women came forward with their personal stories? What newspaper reported sexual misconduct allegations against Schwarzenegger? What did a fifth woman claim Schwarzenegger tried to take off? What magazine interviewed Schwarzenegger in 2007? What substance did Schwarzenegger discuss in an interview in 1977? Who settled a libel lawsuit against Schwarzenegger? What press event did Richardson claim Schwarzenegger touched her breast? In what newspaper did Richardson claim that Sean Walsh and Sheryl Main libeled her? When was the death penalty abolished in Austria? Who demanded that Austria revoke Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship? When did Schwarzenegger sign a bill that created the nation's first cap on greenhouse gas emissions? Along with manufacturing plants, what type of plants are allowed to release emissions? By what year do the two bills aim to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent? Whose Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative did Schwarzenegger work with? What has Schwarzenegger installed to heat his home? When did the plan take effect? What does the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative plan to reduce? Where was the 2009 SAE World Congress held? What constitutional provision prevents people who are not natural-born citizens from assuming the office of president? Who reported that Schwarzenegger was considering a future run for president? Where was Michael Dorf from? What did Schwarzenegger write his goals on at the start of the year? How old was Schwarzenegger when he became a millionaire? Who was a fellow bodybuilder that Schwarzenegger started a bricklaying business with? What event led to the start of the bricklaying business? How much did Schwarzenegger pay for his first real estate investment? What was the name of the restaurant chain that Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in? When did Schwarzenegger severe his financial ties with Planet Hollywood? Planet Hollywood was modeled after what restaurant? What investment firm does Schwarzenegger own? Where is Arnold's Sports Festival held? What is the name of Schwarzenegger's movie production company? Who is the publisher of Fitness Publications? What restaurant did Schwarzenegger open in 1992? Where was Schatzi On Main located? What does Schatzi mean in German? When did Schwarzenegger sell his restaurant? When did Schwarzenegger separate from his wife? How much did Schwarzenegger spend on a private Gulfstream jet in 1997? When did Baker publish her memoir? What did Barbara Outland Baker think Schwarzenegger had little understanding of? What was the first date between Schwarzenegger and Baker? Who was Schwarzenegger's next paramour? Where did Maria Shriver meet Schwarzenegger? When did Sue Moray issue an ultimatum to Schwarzenegger? Who is Maria Shriver? Where did Schwarzenegger marry Maria Shriver? How many children did Schwarzenegger and Shriver have? Who is Schwarzenegger dating? How long was the relationship between Shriver and Schwarzenegger? Who revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son with Mildred Patricia Baena? How many years was Baena employed by the family? What was the name of Baena's son with Schwarzenegger? When did Schwarzenegger buy a new house for his wife? Who has handled divorce cases for Jennifer Aniston and Reese Witherspoon? Who consulted an attorney for the divorce of Jennifer Aniston and Reese Witherspoon? What did the initial petition for divorce not include? Who stated that she had an affair with Schwarzenegger while he was in a relationship with Shriver? What type of aortic valve was Schwarzenegger born with? When did Schwarzenegger opt for a replacement heart valve? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's son? What did Schwarzenegger break while skiing? Where was Schwarzenegger skiing when he broke his femur? Where did Schwarzenegger's private jet make an emergency landing? What was Schwarzenegger's official height? Who was Schwarzenegger's Assemblyman in 1988? What was Schwarzenegger's official height in 1999? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's autobiography? What is the name of Schwarzenegger's extramarital affair? When was Schwarzenegger's autobiography released? When did AM General produce a street-legal version of the Humvee? What vehicle did Schwarzenegger buy in 1992? What color was Schwarzenegger's Bugatti? How many lb did the Hummers Schwarzenegger bought weigh? How much did it cost to convert one of Schwarzenegger's Hummers to hydrogen? What was the name of the hydrogen refueling plant Schwarzenegger signed an executive order to jump-start? Who gave Schwarzenegger a grant to help pay for the H2H project? What does ICG stand for? Where were the Special Olympics held in 2007? How many schools does ICG serve? Where is the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy located? When was the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy founded? What position does Schwarzenegger hold at the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy? How many kilometers is Plymouth from Exeter? How many miles is Plymouth from London? What river joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? What country is Plymouth located in? What river joins the rivers Plym and Tamar to form the boundary with Cornwall? Where was Plymouth's first settlement? What village surpassed Mount Batten as a trading post for the Roman Empire? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave Plymouth for the New World? When was the English Civil War? What was the name of the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America? Which town became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town during the Industrial Revolution? When did Plymouth achieve city status? What was the act of targeting and partial destruction during World War II called? When was Plympton and Plymstock incorporated? What urban district of Plymouth was merged to form a single County Borough? How many people live in Plymouth? Where does Plymouth rank in population in the UK? How many MPs represent Plymouth nationally? What is the name of the Spanish ferry terminal in Plymouth? What university is located in Plymouth? What is the name of the unidentified settlement that is presumed to be located in the area of modern city? Where have artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age been found? What does TAMARI OSTIA mean? In what century did the river silt up? What does Sutton mean in Old English? When was the name Plym Mouth first mentioned? Who issued a charter for Plymouth in 1440? What does Plym Mouth mean? When was the Hundred Years' War? Who burned the town in 1403? When was Drake's Fort built? Where was the fleet based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard? When was an Act of Parliament passed to fortify Plymouth? Who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade? Who was the Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593? When did Drake engage the Spanish Armada? When did the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World from Plymouth? What was the name of the second English colony in what is now the United States of America? Who did Plymouth side with during the English Civil War? How many years was Plymouth besieged by the Royalists? Where did the Plymothians defeat Sir Richard Grenville? When did King Charles II restore the monarchy of Plymouth? Where did King Charles II imprison Parliamentary heroes? In what century did Plymouth play a small part in the Atlantic slave trade? In what century did Plymouth lose its pre-eminence as a trading port? When did HMNB Devonport open? What river was HMNB Devonport located on? How many men were employed in Plymouth in 1712? What was the population of Plymouth in 1733? What parish is HMNB Devonport located? Along with coal and grain, what was Plymouth's main import before the 18th century? What was Plymouth Dock renamed to in 1824? Which of the Three Towns conurbation is Devonport in? Who designed the neo-classical urban developments in the Three Towns conurbation? What street was built by John Foulston? Who established the Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768? When did William Cookworthy establish his Plymouth Porcelain venture? What was William Cookworthy's profession? Who was the host of the Eddystone Lighthouse? How many kilometers long was the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? Who designed the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? When was the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound completed? When did work on the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound begin? The Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed to protect the fleet moving in and out of what city? What was one of the greatest imports to Plymouth from the Americas and Europe during the latter half of the 19th century? In what town was the dockyard located? Where did the Royal Navy move to safety? What was Devonport an important base for during the First World War? Where did Flying boats operate from? Who operated the Sunderland flying boats? What was Devonport the headquarters of during the First World War? How many raids were the Plymouth Blitz? How many civilians died in the Plymouth Blitz? How many houses were destroyed in the Plymouth Blitz? Who planned the redevelopment of Plymouth? How many homes were completed every year between 1951 and 1957? How many new homes were built in Plymouth in 1964? When was the Civic Centre constructed? What grade was the Civic Centre recently listed by English Heritage? What aircraft carrier was refited in Devonport Dockyard after the war? When did the army leave Devonport? What is the name of the marines that still live in Devonport? Where was the first record of a settlement at Plymouth? When was the first record of a settlement at Plymouth? What was the name of the first settlement in the Domesday Book? When did Plymouth gain status as a town? When did Plymouth become the first town in England to be granted a Charter? Who was the first female member of parliament to take office in the British Houses of Parliament? What was Nancy Astor's constituency? When was Plymouth granted city status? When was Plymouth's first Lord Mayor appointed? What was the parish of Plympton expanded to in 1967? What was Michael Foot's constituency? What position did Michael Foot hold? What was Michael Foot responsible for? What party did Michael Foot belong to? Where was Michael Foot born? How many people lived in Plymouth in 1971? What paper proposed abolishing county boroughs? What county did Plymouth lobby for? When did Plymouth cease to be a county borough? Who recommended that Plymouth become a unitary authority? What is the European Parliament's name for Plymouth? Who was the Conservative MP for Sutton and Devonport in the 2015 general election? What political party was Johnny Mercer? What is one of the three constituencies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom? How many councillors are elected each year? How many wards are in Plymouth? How much of Plymouth's council is up for election for three consecutive years? Where is the city of Plymouth twinned with? When was Plymouth, United States formally twinned with? Who gave Plymouth the dignity of Lord Mayor? How many councillors are in Plymouth? Who chooses the Deputy Lord Mayor? Who is the incumbent Lord Mayor of Plymouth? What is the Lord Mayor's official residence? Who gave the 3 Elliot Terrace to the City of Plymouth as an official residence for future Lord Mayors? Where is the Civic Centre municipal office building located? When did the Civic Centre become a listed building? How much did the council estimate it could cost to refurbish the Civic Centre? What river flows into the natural harbour of Plymouth Sound? What river is east of Plymouth? The River Tamar forms the county boundary between Devon and what other country? What natural harbour does the rivers Tamar and Plympton flow into? When did the unitary authority of Plymouth include the towns of Plympton and Plymstock? What is the name of the smaller estuary that the River Plym forms to the east of Plymouth? When was the Plymouth Breakwater first used? What is the name of the island in Plymouth Sound? How many square miles is the Unitary Authority of Plymouth? How many meters above AOD is the topography of Plymouth? What is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs? What are the headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound formed of? Along with Devonian slate and Middle Devonian limestone, what type of limestone is found in Plymouth? What is the bulk of Plymouth built on? Why is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs a Site of Special Scientific Interest? Where does a band of Middle Devonian limestone run from? What is the name of the granite mass that is north east of Plymouth? What rock was brought down from Dartmoor? Along with Radford, where was the middle Devonian limestone belt quarried? What was quarried at West Hoe, Cattedown and Radford? When was Sir Patrick Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth published? Who published the Plan for Plymouth to rebuild the bomb-damaged city? What is the name of the north-south avenue in the Plan for Plymouth? Who designed the 'Vision for Plymouth'? How many parks are in Plymouth? What type of climate does Plymouth have? What is Plymouth's mean temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? What is the coldest month in Plymouth? How many European winter storms hit Plymouth? What is the warmest month in Plymouth? What is rainfall associated with? In what season are the Atlantic depressions more vigorous? How many inches of rainfall does Southampton receive? What month has the highest mean wind speeds? Where does most of the rain fall? How many hours of sunshine do Coastal areas in England get? Which region of England has a favoured location when the Azores High pressure area extends north-eastwards towards the UK? What was the site record temperature in 1976? In what month and year did the temperature reach 31.6 degrees Fahrenheit? How many days of the year will report a maximum temperature of 25.1C? What was the temperature in January 1979? When did the temperature fall to 8.8 °C? How many students attend the University of Plymouth? Where does the University of Plymouth rank among UK universities? How many staff does the University of Plymouth employ? What is the annual income of the University of Plymouth? When was the University of Plymouth founded? What university specialises in teacher training? What does the University of St Mark & St John specialize in? What is the name of the art college in Plymouth? How many students attend City College Plymouth? How many years ago was the Plymouth College of Art started? How many independent colleges of art and design are in the UK? How many large colleges are in Plymouth? How many state primary phase schools are in Plymouth? How many state secondary schools are in Plymouth? How many selective state grammar schools are in Plymouth? What is the name of the independent school in Plymouth? What is the name of the high school for girls in Plymouth? What was the name of the college that opened in 1880 in Keyham? When did the Royal Naval Engineering College close? What was the name of the new college that opened at Manadon in 1959? When did the Dockyard Technical College close? Where was training transferred from the Dockyard Technical College? What organization conducts research in all areas of the marine sciences? What is the name of the foundation that conducts ocean sciences in Plymouth? What is the name of the university in which the Plymouth Marine Laboratory is located? What is the name of the partnership between the National Marine Aquarium, the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences, Plymouth University's Marine Institute and the Diving Diseases Research Centre? What is an offshoot of the MBA? What was Plymouth's unitary authority area population in 2011? What was Plymouth's population in 2001? How many more people lived in Plymouth's unitary authority in 2011? What was Plymouth's average household size in 2011? What percentage of Plymouth's population is Chinese? What percentage of Devon's GVA does Plymouth's gross value added make up? What was Plymouth's gross value added in 2013? What was Plymouth's GVA per person in 2013? What is the national average for GVA per person in Plymouth? What was Plymouth's unemployment rate in 2014? What percentage of Plymouth's population is in poverty and deprivation? What is the life expectancy for men in Plymouth? What is the life expectancy for women in Plymouth? What is Plymouth's life expectancy compared to other regions in the South West of England? How many people are employed in the defence sector of Plymouth? How many people are in the armed forces in Plymouth? When did the Plymouth Gin Distillery begin producing gin? What is the name of the distillery that produces Plymouth Gin? When was Plymouth Gin the most widely distributed gin? What percentage of Plymouth's income is generated by the Dockyard? What is the UK's only naval base that refits nuclear submarines? How many marine and maritime businesses operate in Plymouth? How many people work in the Tamar Science Park? Which employer has chosen to locate their headquarters in Plymouth? What was completed in 1959? When was the Pannier Market completed? Where does Plymouth rank nationally in terms of retail floorspace? What is the name of the building that is located at the foot of the Hoe? How much did the Tinside Pool cost to restore? What is the name of Plymouth Council's urban redevelopment project? Who launched the "Vision for Plymouth" project? Along with the PCC, who backed the "Vision for Plymouth" project? How many people are expected to live in the Vision for Plymouth project? How many dwellings will the Vision for Plymouth project build? When was the Drake Circus Shopping Centre demolished? When did the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre open? Where was the Theatre Royal's production and education centre built? What was the Theatre Royal's production and education centre a runner-up for? Who said the Drake Circus Shopping Centre was ten years out of date? What is the current location of Plymouth City Council's civic centre? What could be demolished to create a canal "boulevard" linking Millbay to the city centre? What is being regenerated with mixed residential, retail and office space alongside the ferry port? What is the name of the A38 dual-carriageway within the city? How many miles away is the M5 motorway from Plymouth? What bridge connects Cornwall and Devon? What is George Junction? What is the name of the bus company that operates the A38? Who operates the international ferry service from Millbay? Where does Brittany Ferries take passengers to from Millbay? What is the name of the three ferries used by Brittany Ferries? Where is the Cornish hamlet of Cremyll? When was the passenger ferry between Stonehouse and the Cornish hamlet of Cremyll established? What is the name of Plymouth's airport? How many kilometers is Plymouth City Airport from the city center? What year does FlyPlymouth plan to reopen the city airport? What airline plans to reopen the city airport by 2018? When did Plymouth railway station open? Who manages the Plymouth railway station? Along with the Tamar Valley Line, what is the name of the local train line in Plymouth? How many main political parties are in the region? What network does Great Western Railway run? When was the sea wall breached? How many feet of the sea wall at Dawlish was breached? When did the Exeter to Plymouth railway reopen? When was the sea wall breached? How many churches are in Plymouth? When was Plymouth's Roman Catholic cathedral built? What is Plymouth's oldest church? What type of church is St Andrew's? How many Methodist chapels are in Plymouth? Who was the Jew in the log of Sir Francis Drake's voyage? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? What type of building is the Plymouth Synagogue Listed? What type of synagogue is the Plymouth Synagogue? What percentage of the population described themselves as being at least nominally Christian in the 2011 census? What percentage of the population described themselves as Muslim in the 2011 census? What is the percentage of people without a religion? What is the national average for people without a religion? What is the national average for people without a religion? When was Union Street built? Who was a notable performer in the New Palace Theatre? During what decade was Union Street known as the servicemen's playground? Who sought entertainment on Union Street? What annual event is held in August? When was the world record for the most amount of simultaneous fireworks surpassed? Who surpassed the world record for the most amount of simultaneous fireworks? Who surpassed the world record for the most simultaneous fireworks? When did the Music of the Night begin? How many people can the Theatre Royal hold? How many people can the Drum Theatre hold? How much does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery charge for admission? How many galleries does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery have? When did the Plymouth Athenaeum cease to have a theatre? What is the regional television center of Plymouth? What regional station is headquartered in Plymouth? When did ITV Westcountry close? What regional station is headquartered in Plymouth? What is the name of the local radio station in Plymouth? What football team is based in Plymouth? What league does Plymouth Argyle F.C. play in? What is the name of Plymouth Argyle F.C.'s home ground? What is the name of the group of English non-conformists that left Plymouth for the New World in 1620? What non-league football club plays at Weston Mill? What is the name of Plymouth Raiders basketball club? What is the name of the basketball club in Plymouth? When was Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club founded? Where do the Plymouth Raiders play? When were the Plymouth Raiders basketball club founded? When did the Port of Plymouth Regatta begin? When did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series? How many days did the America's Cup World Series last? When did South West Water take over Plymouth? Who supplied Plymouth's water prior to 1973? When was the Drake's Leat opened? What river did the Drake's Leat tap? When was the Devonport Leat completed? Who is responsible for waste management in Plymouth? Who is responsible for sewerage in Plymouth? How is Plymouth's electricity distributed? When did the Langage Power Station begin to produce electricity for Plymouth? Where is the Langage Power Station located? When was the Plymouth Borough Police formed? What is the divisional HQ of the Plymouth Borough Police? How many fire stations are in Plymouth? Where is the Royal National Lifeboat Institution located? What did the Plymouth Borough Police become part of? What is the name of Plymouth's NHS hospital? How many kilometers is Derriford Hospital from the city centre? What hospital is located at Derriford Hospital? What ambulance service operates in Plymouth and the rest of the south west? Where is the headquarters of the South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust? When did Ford Park Cemetery reopen? What is the name of the 20th century cemetery in Efford? What privately owned cemetery does not allow headstones to mark graves? What is set into the ground at Drake Memorial Park? When was Ford Park Cemetery built? When was the Royal Citadel built? What war was the Royal Citadel built in 1666? When was Smeaton's Tower built? How many kilometers off shore is Smeaton's Tower? What memorial commemorates the defeat of the Spanish Armada? What was the name of the early port settlement of Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World? Where did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World in 1620? How many marine species does the National Marine Aquarium display? How many listed buildings are in Sutton Pool? What is a well restored example of a "Palmerston's Folly"? In what direction is Crownhill Fort located? Who owns Crownhill Fort? In what direction is Devonport located? How many waymarkers are on the Devonport Heritage Trail? What part of Cornwall is Plymouth often used as a base for beaches? What is the name of the popular beach in south-east Cornwall? Along with Dartmoor and the beaches of south-east Cornwall, what valley is popular with visitors to Plymouth? Who designed the Roland Levinsky building? When did the Roland Levinsky building open? What is the Roland Levinsky building? What type of faculty is housed in the Roland Levinsky building? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? What are people from Plymouth known as? What is another name for Plymothians? What is the Devon form of John? What is the Devon form of Cousin Jan? Where was Sir Francis Drake born? What was Sir Francis Drake known as by the Spanish? When did Sir Francis Drake die? What did Sir Francis Drake die of? Who was the first president of the Royal Academy? Whose paintings investigated themes of vagrancy, sexual behaviour and suicide? Where did David McKee attend college? What type of musician was John Surman? Who founded the jazz free improvisation band AMM? Where does Michael Foot's family live? What sport is Trevor Francis? What nationality is Chris Axworthy? Who is Donald Moffat's American Vice President? What is the name of the film that starred President Bennett? What is Dawn French's profession?