What team won Super Bowl 50?
Who were the defending champions of the NFC in Super Bowl 50?
Where was Super Bowl 50 played?
What team won Super Bowl 50?
What color was used in the 50th Super Bowl?
What was the theme of the 50th Super Bowl?
When was Super Bowl 50 played?
What conference won Super Bowl 50?
What was the theme of the 50th Super Bowl?
What conference won Super Bowl 50?
When was Super Bowl 50 played?
What team won Super Bowl 50?
What stadium was Super Bowl 50 played at?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What would have been the alternate name for Super Bowl 50 if the Roman numerals were not used?
For which NFL season did Super Bowl 50 take place?
For which NFL season did Super Bowl 50 take place?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What stadium was Super Bowl 50 played at?
What was the final score of Super Bowl 50?
When was Super Bowl 50 played?
For which NFL season did Super Bowl 50 take place?
What team won Super Bowl 50?
Who were the defending champions of the NFC in Super Bowl 50?
What team won Super Bowl 50?
For which NFL season did Super Bowl 50 take place?
What team won Super Bowl 50?
Where was Super Bowl 50 played?
What was the name of the game played to determine the champion of the 2015 NFL season?
What team won Super Bowl 50?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
How many appearances have the Steelers made in the Super Bowl?
When was the Carolina Panthers founded?
Who did the Panthers defeat to advance to the Super Bowl?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Panthers defeat to advance to the Super Bowl?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
How many teams have appeared in the Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the record the Panthers finished with during the regular season?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the record the Broncos finished with during the regular season?
How many teams have appeared in the Super Bowl?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Panthers defeat to advance to the Super Bowl?
How many appearances have the Broncos made in the Super Bowl?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Panthers defeat to advance to the Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Panthers defeat to advance to the Super Bowl?
When was the Panthers founded?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many forced fumbles did Von Miller have?
What team led from the start in Super Bowl 50?
Who was the Super Bowl MVP for the Broncos?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record?
How did the Broncos limit Cam Newton in Super Bowl 50?
How many times did the Broncos sack Newton?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many times did the Broncos force Newton into turnovers?
How many forced fumbles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
What position did Von Miller play in the Super Bowl?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
How many forced fumbles did Von Miller have?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
How many times did the Broncos sack Newton?
How many times did the Broncos force Newton into turnovers?
What was the only Super Bowl LI turnover the Broncos forced?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
What position did Von Miller play in the Super Bowl?
How many times did the Broncos sack Newton?
How many times did the Broncos force Newton into turnovers?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in the US?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What band performed at the half time of the Super Bowl?
Who performed in the half time of Super Bowl 50?
Beyonce and Bruno Mars performed at what other Super Bowl before Super Bowl 50?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in the US?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
Along with Bruno Mars, what artist performed in the half-time show of Super Bowl 50?
Along with Beyoncé, who performed at the half time of Super Bowl 50?
What band performed at the half time of the Super Bowl?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in the US?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
Along with Beyoncé, who performed at the half time of Super Bowl 50?
Where did Super Bowl 50 rank in terms of most watched U.S. broadcast?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in the US?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What band performed at the half time of the Super Bowl?
Who performed in the half time of Super Bowl 50?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in the US?
What band performed at the half time of the Super Bowl?
Who performed in the half time of Super Bowl 50?
Beyonce and Bruno Mars performed at what other Super Bowl before Super Bowl 50?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What band performed at the half time of the Super Bowl?
Who performed in the half time of Super Bowl 50?
Along with Beyoncé, who performed at the half time of Super Bowl 50?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
What Super Bowl did Roger Goodell call'spectacular'?
In what year did Roger Goodell call the 50th Super Bowl "spectacular"?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
When did Roger Goodell say the NFL planned to make the 50th Super Bowl spectacular?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
What did Roger Goodell call the 50th Super Bowl?
What did Roger Goodell call the 50th Super Bowl?
In what year did Roger Goodell call the 50th Super Bowl "spectacular"?
What is the name of the stadium that was ultimately chosen?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami that was ultimately not chosen for the Super Bowl?
What stadium was one of the final three to be considered for the Super Bowl?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami that was ultimately chosen?
What stadium in San Francisco was ultimately chosen as the site for the Super Bowl?
What stadium in San Francisco was ultimately chosen as the site for the Super Bowl?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami that was ultimately chosen?
What were the three bids for the Super Bowl?
How many sites did the league ultimately narrow down to?
Where is the Mercedes-Benz Superdome located?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami that was ultimately chosen?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What stadium in San Francisco was ultimately chosen as the final site for the Super Bowl?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami that was ultimately chosen?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What stadium in San Francisco was ultimately chosen as the final site for the Super Bowl?
On what date did the league announce the two finalists to host the Super Bowl?
How many times has South Florida hosted the Super Bowl?
What was the most recent Super Bowl played in Miami?
In what year was the most recent Super Bowl played in Miami?
When was the last time the San Francisco Bay Area hosted a Super Bowl?
Along with Levi's Stadium, what was the other finalist to host the game?
On what date did the league announce the two finalists to host the Super Bowl?
Where was Super Bowl XIX held in 1985?
On what date did the Florida legislature deny the funding plan to pay for the renovations that would have allowed Miami to host the Super Bowl?
In what year was the most recent Super Bowl played in Miami?
How many finalists were there?
What was the most recent Super Bowl played in Miami?
How many finalists were there?
Who refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations of Sun Life Stadium in 2013, ending Miami's chances of hosting the game?
When was the last time the San Francisco Bay Area hosted a Super Bowl?
What city has hosted the most Super Bowls?
On what date did the league announce the two finalists to host the Super Bowl?
How many times has South Florida hosted the Super Bowl?
What city has hosted the most Super Bowls?
When was the last time the San Francisco Bay Area hosted a Super Bowl?
Who refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations of Sun Life Stadium in 2013, ending Miami's chances of hosting the game?
On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium?
Who voted to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
How much did it cost to build?
Where was Super Bowl XXXVII held in 2003?
Where were the 2013 NFL meetings held?
On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium?
How much did it cost to build?
What was the last Super Bowl played in California before this one?
Where was Super Bowl XXXVII held in 2003?
In what year was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
How much did it cost to build?
When was the last time a Super Bowl was played in the Bay Area?
What was the last Super Bowl played in California before this one?
On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
When was the last time a Super Bowl was played in San Diego?
Where were the 2013 NFL meetings held?
On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium?
When did Levi's Stadium open?
How much did it cost to build?
When was the last Super Bowl played in San Diego?
What NFL coach was the head of the Carolina Panthers prior to Super Bowl 50?
How many teams have finished the regular season with no losses?
How many teams have finished the regular season with a perfect 15-1 record?
What team finished the regular season with only one loss?
What was the first time the Broncos appeared in the Super Bowl?
What NFL coach was the head of the Carolina Panthers prior to Super Bowl 50?
How many appearances have the Denver Broncos made?
How many teams have finished the regular season with no losses?
What was the only other time the Carolina Panthers appeared in the Super Bowl?
How many teams have finished the regular season with a perfect 15-1 record?
What seed did the Carolina Panthers meet in the Super Bowl for the third time?
What seed did the Carolina Panthers meet in the Super Bowl for the third time?
What was the first time the Broncos appeared in the Super Bowl?
What was the only other time the Carolina Panthers appeared in the Super Bowl?
How many teams have finished the regular season with a perfect 15-1 record?
How many losses did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many teams have appeared in eight Super Bowls?
What NFL coach was the head of the Carolina Panthers prior to Super Bowl 50?
What running back was waived by the Carolina Panthers?
What wide receiver suffered a torn ACL in the preseason?
How many teams have won at least 15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 19 years?
When did the NFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many All-Pro nods?
What wide receiver suffered a torn ACL in the preseason?
When did the NFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
What was the last time an NFC team started the season 13-0 before the Panthers?
What year did the Green Bay Packers go 13-0 to start the season?
What happened to Kelvin Benjamin in the preseason?
What wide receiver suffered a torn ACL in the preseason?
What running back was waived by the Carolina Panthers?
When did the NFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
When did the NFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many Pro Bowl players were on the Panthers offense?
How many total touchdowns did Ted Ginn Jr. catch?
How many interceptions did Ted Ginn Jr. have?
How many punts did Ted Ginn return?
Who caught a career-high 77 passes?
How many total touchdowns did Ted Ginn Jr. catch?
What was Cam Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many passes did Greg Olsen catch?
What position did Greg Olsen play in the most games for the Panthers?
Who was the Pro Bowl running back for the Panthers?
How many Pro Bowl players were on the Panthers offense?
Who was the Pro Bowl quarterback for the Panthers?
How many yards did Cam Newton pass for?
How many total touchdowns did Ted Ginn Jr. catch?
How many Pro Bowl players were on the Panthers offense?
How many points did the Panthers score?
How many yards did Cam Newton pass for?
How many total touchdowns did Ted Ginn Jr. catch?
What was Cam Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many receptions did Jerricho Cotchery have?
How many points did the defense give up?
How many career sacks did Jared Allen have?
How many total tackles did Luke Kuechly record?
How many Pro Bowl nods did the defense get?
Who led the Panthers in sacks with 11?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
Who led the Panthers in sacks with 11?
How many Pro Bowl nods did the defense get?
How many Pro Bowl nods did the defense get?
Who led the Panthers with career high seven interceptions?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
Who had 5 sacks in 9 starts?
Who led the team in tackles?
How many fumbles did Kawann Short recover?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Broncos after the firing of John Fox?
Who took over for injured starter Peyton Mann?
Where was Peyton Manning when he had his worst statistical season?
AgainstWhich team did the Broncos lose to in Week 17?
Who was the defensive coordinator for the Broncos in 2015?
How many division championships did John Fox win as head coach of the Broncos?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Broncos after the firing of John Fox?
Where was Peyton Manning when he had his worst statistical season?
How old is he going to be in 2015?
What injury caused Peyton Manning to have his worst statistical season since his rookie year?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Broncos after the firing of John Fox?
Who led the NFL in interceptions during the Broncos' 7-0 start?
What was the cause of Peyton Manning's worst statistical season since 1998?
How old is he going to be in 2015?
How many division championships did John Fox win as head coach of the Broncos?
Who was the head coach of the Broncos before Gary Kubiak?
Who led the NFL in interceptions during the Broncos' 7-0 start?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Broncos after the firing of John Fox?
In which part of his body did Manning suffer a partial tear of the plantar fasciitis?
Who was the defensive coordinator for the Broncos in 2015?
What was the career low passer rating for Manning?
How many interceptions did he have?
Who led the team with 105 receptions?
Who was the team's leading rushers?
How many scores did Osweiler score?
What was the career low passer rating for Manning?
How many yards did he throw?
How many touchdowns did he throw?
Who led the team with 105 receptions?
What position did Demaryius Thomas play?
What was the career low passer rating for Manning?
How many interceptions did he have?
Who led the team with 105 receptions?
How many touchdowns did Ronnie Hillman score?
What was the career low passer rating for Manning?
How many interceptions did he have?
Who caught 76 passes for 1,135 yards?
Who was the team's leading rushers?
What was Ronnie Hillman's yards per carry average?
What was the Broncos' yards allowed in 2016?
How many sacks did defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson get?
Who led the Broncos in total tackles with 109?
How many interceptions did Talib make?
What position was Von Miller in the Pro Bowl?
What position was Von Miller in the Pro Bowl?
What position did defensive end Derek Wolfe play?
What was the Broncos' fourth-ranked points allowed?
Which linebacker led the Broncos with 11 sacks?
Who led the Broncos in total tackles with 109?
How many fumbles did Von Miller recover?
Which linebacker led the Broncos with 11 sacks?
Who led the Broncos in total tackles with 109?
Which two defensive ends led the Broncos with 5½ sacks?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the NFC Championship Game?
How many yards did the Panthers rack up against the Cardinals?
How many turnovers did the Panthers force against the Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game?
What was the final score of the division round game against the Seattle Seahawks?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the divisional round?
What was the final score of the division round game against the Seattle Seahawks?
How many yards did the Panthers rack up against the Cardinals?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the NFC Championship Game?
How many turnovers did the Panthers force against the Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the divisional round?
What was the final score of the Panthers' NFC Championship Game win over the Arizona Cardinals?
Who did the Panthers beat to advance to the NFC Championship Game?
How many yards did the Panthers rack up against the Cardinals?
Who did the Broncos defeat to advance to the divisional round?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes to beat the Steelers?
Who did the Broncos beat to advance to the AFC Championship Game?
What was the final score of the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds did the Broncos have when they intercepted a pass to win the AFC Championship Game?
What team defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the division round?
What was the final score of the divisional round game?
Who did the Broncos beat to advance to the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds did the Broncos have when they intercepted a pass to win the AFC Championship Game?
Which quarterback didn't throw any interceptions in the Broncos two playoff games?
Who did the Broncos defeat to advance to the divisional round?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes to beat the Steelers?
Who did the Broncos beat to advance to the AFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat to advance to the divisional round?
Who did the Broncos beat to advance to the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds did the Broncos have when they intercepted a pass to win the AFC Championship Game?
What player suffered a broken arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How many ACL tears had Thomas Davis overcome in his career?
How many years had Thomas Davis played for the Panthers?
What had Thomas Davis already overcome in his career?
What part of Thomas Davis was broken in the NFC Championship Game?
How many years had Thomas Davis played for the Panthers?
What did Thomas Davis predict he would play in despite breaking his arm?
How many ACL tears had Thomas Davis overcome in his career?
What was the cause of Thomas Davis' injury?
How many years had Thomas Davis played for the Panthers?
What player suffered a broken arm in the NFC Championship Game?
At what age has Peyton Manning played in a Super Bowl?
Who was the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl before Peyton?
At what age did John Elway lead the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What is Elway's current job title with the Broncos?
What team did John Elway lead to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What team did John Elway lead to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who was the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl before Peyton?
At what age did John Elway lead the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who is the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
How many times has Peyton Manning led different teams to the Super Bowl?
How many times has Peyton Manning led different teams to the Super Bowl?
Who is the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
Who was the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl before Peyton?
In what year did Elway lead the Broncos to victory in the Super Bowl?
Who is the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
At what age has Peyton Manning played in a Super Bowl?
Who was the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl before Peyton?
In what year was the first time a quarterback was the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
In what year did the top two picks in the 2011 draft meet in the Super Bowl?
How old was Newton?
What is the age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
Who plays for the Denver Broncos in the Super Bowl?
Who set the record for the largest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
Who set the record for the largest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
How old was Newton?
What position was the #1 pick in both the 1998 and 2011 NFL draft?
In what year was the first time a quarterback was the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
In what year did the top two picks in the 2011 draft meet in the Super Bowl?
Who plays for the Denver Broncos in the Super Bowl?
In which year did the top two picks in the 2011 draft meet in the Super Bowl?
How old was Newton?
What is the age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
What Super Bowl did Rivera play in?
What team did Rivera play for in Super Bowl XX?
What position did Rivera play in Super Bowl XX?
Who did Kubiak replace after the Broncos' losses in Super Bowl XXI and XXIV?
What team lost Super Bowl XXI and XXIV?
What position did Rivera play in Super Bowl XX?
Who did Kubiak replace after the Broncos' losses in Super Bowl XXI and XXIV?
Who played linebacker for the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
What Super Bowl did Rivera play in?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What type of turf was used in the Super Bowl?
Who was the field director of the game?
Which team's kicker slipped and missed a field goal during week 6 of the 2015 season?
What position does Justin Tucker hold in the Baltimore Ravens?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What position does Justin Tucker hold in the Baltimore Ravens?
What type of artificial turf was used in the Super Bowl?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What did the NFL replace the field with before the game?
What type of artificial turf was used in the Super Bowl?
What did a number of players need to change during the game?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What is the usual playing surface for Super Bowl games at stadiums?
What team was the home team in the Super Bowl?
What was the final score in Super Bowl XXXIII played by the Broncos?
Who did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color jersey did the Broncos wear in Super Bowl XXI?
In what year did the Broncos last wear white jerseys in the Super Bowl?
In what year did the Broncos last wear white jerseys in the Super Bowl?
What was the final score in Super Bowl XXXIII played by the Broncos?
Who did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color jersey did the Broncos wear in Super Bowl XXI?
What uniform did the Broncos choose for the Super Bowl?
Who was the only other AFC champion to wear white as the home team in the Super Bowl?
In what year did the Broncos last wear white jerseys in the Super Bowl?
What was the primary color of the Broncos' jerseys in Super Bowl XXXII?
What color jerseys have the Broncos lost in all four Super Bowls?
What is the standard home uniform for the Panthers?
Where did the Panthers stay?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Panthers stay at?
Where did the Broncos stay at?
Where did the Panthers stay?
Where did the Broncos stay?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Panthers stay?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Broncos stay?
Where did the Panthers stay at?
Where did the Panthers stay?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Broncos stay?
On what date did the NFL announce it was suspending the Roman numerals in its branding?
When was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals first suspended?
Who is the NFL's vice president of brand and creative?
At what event was the standardized NFL logo template first introduced?
What trophy is featured in the Super Bowl LI logo?
In what year did the NFL decide to stop using Roman numerals for the branding of Super Bowls?
For which Super Bowl will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What letter was the NFL having trouble finding an aesthetically pleasing way to brand the game?
What color are the large numerals in the Super Bowl LI logo?
On what date did the NFL announce it was suspending the Roman numerals in its branding?
What are the Roman numerals used for the name of the game now?
What letter was the NFL having trouble finding an aesthetically pleasing way to name the game?
What color are the large numerals in the Super Bowl LI logo?
For which Super Bowl will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What language are the Roman numerals in which Super Bowl 50 will be named?
What year will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated for the Super Bowl?
What color were the 50-yard line on NFL field markers in 2015?
When did all sideline jackets and hats begin to have gold trimming?
In 2015, the numbering of the NFL's field yards on which yard line was gold?
What color were the 50-yard line on NFL field markers in 2015?
What color were the 50-yard line on NFL field markers in 2015?
What was the name of the 2015 NFL season gold theme?
What were given to each high school that has had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
Where on a field were the gold-tinted logos painted on?
What color were the 50-yard line on NFL field markers in 2015?
Where was the NFL Experience held?
Where is the NFL Experience held?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Who was the supervisor of San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
When did "Super Bowl City" open?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Where was the NFL Experience held?
What is the name of the event that showcases the Bay Area's technology, culinary creations, and cultural diversity?
Where was the NFL Experience held?
What is the name of the event that showcases the Bay Area's technology, culinary creations, and cultural diversity?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
What is the name of the event that showcases the Bay Area's technology, culinary creations, and cultural diversity?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Who said homeless people in San Francisco "are going to have to leave"?
How much did Kim unsuccessfully lobby for the NFL to reimburse San Francisco for city services?
What event was held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Where is Bellomy Field located?
How much does the event cost?
How long is the event at the Santa Clara Convention Center?
How much does the event cost?
What is one of the ancillary events that will take place at Santa Clara University?
Who can provide additional funding for the festival?
Where will the festival be held?
What will help in finding business sponsors and individual donors?
Who can provide additional funding for the festival?
How much does the event cost?
Who can provide additional funding for the festival?
On what day is media day moved to before the game?
On what day was the media day traditionally held before the game?
Where was Super Bowl Opening Night held in 2016?
In what city is the SAP Center located?
On what structure did the opening ceremonies of the game take place?
On what day was the media day traditionally held before the game?
On what day is media day moved to before the game?
What was the media day re-labeled as?
Where was Super Bowl Opening Night held in 2016?
In what city is the SAP Center located?
When was the media day traditionally held?
What was the media day re-labeled as?
Where was Super Bowl Opening Night held?
On what structure did player introductions occur?
On what day is media day moved to before the game?
What was the media day re-labeled as?
Where was Super Bowl Opening Night held?
On what structure did the opening ceremonies of the game take place?
On what date was Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that connects local businesses with contracting opportunities?
How much has the host committee raised?
What health care company is a Super Bowl 50 sponsor?
What clothing company is a Super Bowl 50 sponsor?
What oil company is a Super Bowl 50 sponsor?
Who is responsible for Business Connect?
How much has the host committee raised?
Through whom has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raised over $40 million?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that connects local businesses with contracting opportunities?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that connects local businesses with contracting opportunities?
How much has the host committee raised?
What percentage of all money it raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee's philanthropic initiative?
What percentage of all money it raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee's philanthropic initiative?
What has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee vowed to be?
What percentage of all money it raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee's philanthropic initiative?
What percentage of all money it raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee's philanthropic initiative?
What trophy do all Super Bowl champions receive?
How many carats will the "50" contain?
How much does each digit weigh?
Who designed the Super Bowl 50?
Who designed the Super Bowl 50?
What is the name of the trophy given to Super Bowl champions?
What kind of gold plating is the Super Bowl 50?
Who designed the Super Bowl 50?
What do all Super Bowl champions receive?
Who designed the Super Bowl 50?
What network broadcast the game in the US?
AlongAlong with Nantz, who called the game for CBS?
AlongAlong with Evan Washburn, who was on the sidelines for the game?
How many cameras did CBS use?
What resolution were the EyeVision 360 cameras used in Super Bowl 50 upgraded to?
How many main broadcast television partners does the NFL have?
Where on the broadcast?
What kind of view did the EyeVision 360 provide?
What resolution were the EyeVision 360 cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
Where on the broadcast?
What network broadcast the game in the US?
How many main broadcast television partners does the NFL have?
What network broadcast the game in the US?
Who called the game?
Who were on the sidelines during the game?
What resolution were the EyeVision 360 cameras used in Super Bowl 50 upgraded to?
Along with microphones, what new features were introduced during the broadcast?
Who broadcast the game in Spanish?
Who was the sideline reporter for the game for ESPN Deportes?
Along with Raul Allegre, who was part of the Monday Night Football commentary crew?
On what date did ESPN Deportes make an agreement to broadcast the Super Bowl in Spanish?
In what language was the 2015 Super Bowl broadcast?
Who did ESPN Deportes partner with to broadcast the game in Spanish?
Who broadcast the game in Spanish?
Who was the sideline reporter for the game for ESPN Deportes?
Who broadcast the game in Spanish?
Who called the game for ESPN Deportes?
Who was the sideline reporter for the game for ESPN Deportes?
What service was only available to Verizon Wireless customers?
What streaming service provided access to the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast?
What website provided live streams of the game?
On what gaming console was the CBS Sports app available?
On what OS was CBS Sports app available on Windows?
What website provided live streams of the game?
On what gaming console was the CBS Sports app available?
Who was the only one who could stream the game on their smartphones?
What service was only available to Verizon Wireless customers?
What telecommunications company is exclusive to the NFL Mobile service?
What service was only available to Verizon Wireless customers?
What did CBS provide during the game?
What telecommunications company is exclusive to the NFL Mobile service?
Where was the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast available?
What late night show followed the broadcast of the Super Bowl?
What late night show followed The Late Show with Stephen Colbert?
What late night show followed the broadcast of the Super Bowl?
What late night show followed The Late Show with Stephen Colbert?
What late night show followed the broadcast of the Super Bowl?
What programming interrupted CBS after the Late Late Show with James Corden?
What late night show aired a special episode after the Super Bowl?
What was the record high price for a Super Bowl ad?
What beer company was the title sponsor of the game for the final time?
What food company was a longtime Super Bowl sponsor?
What year marks the anniversary of the Pokémon video game?
What was the record high price for a Super Bowl ad?
What beer company was the title sponsor of the game for the final time?
What food company was a longtime Super Bowl sponsor?
What gaming company made its Super Bowl debut?
Nintendo and what other company made their Super Bowl debut?
What beer company was the title sponsor of the game for the final time?
What food company was a longtime Super Bowl sponsor?
What beer company was the title sponsor of the game for the final time?
What food company was a longtime Super Bowl sponsor?
What contest allowed viewers to create their own Doritos ads for a chance to be aired during the game?
What contest did QuickBooks sponsor?
What coffee company won the "Small Business Big Game"?
How long was the commercial aired?
How many other businesses competed for the commercial?
What coffee company won the "Small Business Big Game"?
How many other businesses competed for the commercial?
What accounting software company sponsored a contest with Death Wish Coffee?
What coffee company won the "Small Business Big Game"?
How many competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat?
What accounting software company sponsored a contest with Death Wish Coffee?
What coffee company won the "Small Business Big Game"?
What movie's debut trailer was aired during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for to air during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Paramount pay for to air during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Independence Day get to air during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for to air during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Paramount pay for to air during the Super Bowl?
What movie's debut trailer was aired during the Super Bowl?
What superhero movie did Disney pay to air during the Super Bowl?
What movie did Universal Pictures get to air during the Super Bowl?
What studio aired the Secret Life of Pets?
What studio paid for the Deadpool trailer to air during the Super Bowl?
What network will broadcast the game throughout North America?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for the game?
Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage?
AlongAlong with Dan Fouts, who will be the color analyst for the game?
AlongAlong with Mark Malone, who is the sideline reporter for the game?
How many telecasts will there be?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for the game?
What network will broadcast the game throughout North America?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for the game?
Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for the game?
Who will serve as color analysts for the game?
Who will serve as sideline reporters?
What two areas of coverage will Jim Gray be responsible for?
WestOne will carry the game throughout what continent?
Along with KOA, what station will broadcast the game in Denver?
Who will call the game on KOA and KRFX?
On what channel in North Carolina will WBT broadcast the game?
Where is WBT-FM based?
Who will call the game on WBT in North Carolina?
Who will call the game on KOA and KRFX?
Who will serve as color commentator for the game on KOA and KRFX?
What is the flagship station in North Carolina for the game?
Who will call the game on WBT in North Carolina?
What stations will broadcast the game in Denver?
What station in South Carolina will simulcast the game?
Along with 5 Live Sports Extra, on what channel will the contest be broadcast?
Along with BBC Radio 5 Live, what other broadcaster will show the contest?
Along with Greg Brady and Rocky Boiman, who will commentate on the BBC's broadcast?
Who broadcasts the contest in the United Kingdom?
Along with Darren Fletcher and Rocky Boiman, who will commentate on the contest?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl I and II?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl V?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl XLI?
When did Harvey Martin die?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl XLI?
How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced before the game?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl XLI?
Who died in 2001?
How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players?
How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced before the game?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl I and II?
Who was the Most Valuable Player in Super Bowl XLI?
Who died in 2001?
How many times has Lady Gaga performed the national anthem?
What part of the ceremony did Lady Gaga perform?
What major award did Matlin win?
What part of the ceremony did Lady Gaga perform?
What does ASL stand for?
Who performed the national anthem?
Who provided American Sign Language translation?
Who performed the national anthem?
Who provided American Sign Language translation?
Who performed the national anthem?
How many times has Lady Gaga performed the national anthem?
Who provided American Sign Language translation?
On what date did the NFL announce the halftime show?
What nationality was Coldplay?
Beycé appeared in what Super Bowl?
Beycé collaborated with Coldplay on what single?
Where did Bruno Mars previously perform at the half time?
What British band performed in the half time show of the Super Bowl?
What company announced that Beyoncé would be appearing in the Super Bowl?
Beycé collaborated with Coldplay on what single?
What British band performed in the half time show of the Super Bowl?
Who collaborated with Coldplay on the single "Hymn for the Weekend"?
Beycé collaborated with Coldplay on what single?
Who performed in the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show?
What team took the opening kickoff of the game?
Who did Peyton Manning throw a 22-yard pass to on the opening drive?
Who did Shaq Thompson tackle for a 3-yard loss on the opening drive of the game?
Who kicked a 34-yard field goal to give Denver a 3-0 lead?
Who ran the ball for 20 yards on the opening drive of the game?
How many yards did Peyton Mann pass to Owen Daniels on the opening drive?
Who tackled Ronnie Hillman for a 3-yard loss?
Who kicked a 34-yard field goal to give Denver a 3-0 lead?
What was the first time the Panthers faced in the playoffs?
What team took the opening kickoff of the game?
Who did Peyton Manning pass to on the opening drive?
Who ran the ball for 20 yards on the opening drive of the game?
Who kicked a 34-yard field goal to give Denver a 3-0 lead?
What was the first time the Panthers faced in the playoffs?
What retired referee was an analyst for CBS during the game?
Who was the quarterback of the Panthers in the game?
Who caused the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who recovered the fumble?
In which Super Bowl was the last time a team had a fumble return touchdown?
Who tipped the pass to the Broncos?
What retired referee was an analyst for CBS during the game?
Who caused the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who recovered the fumble?
In what year was the last time a team returned a fumble for a touchdown in a Super Bowl?
What retired referee was an analyst for CBS during the game?
Who caused the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who recovered the fumble?
In which Super Bowl was the last time a team had a fumble return touchdown?
Who ran for a 1-yard touchdown to cut the score to 10-7 with 11:28 left in the second quarter?
Who returned the first punt of the game for the Broncos?
How many plays after Norwood's punt did the Panthers score?
How many yards did Norwood run on a punt return?
What yard was the longest field goal that McManus kicked?
How many yards did Newton pass for?
Who ran for a 1-yard touchdown to cut the score to 10-7 with 11:28 left in the second quarter?
At what point in the second quarter did the Panthers cut the Broncos lead to 10-7?
Who returned a punt 61 yards for a Super Bowl record?
What yard was the longest field goal that McManus kicked?
Who ran for a 1-yard touchdown to cut the score to 10-7 with 11:28 left in the second quarter?
What play by McManus gave the Broncos a 13-7 lead?
Who tackled Tolbert to force a fumble?
What position does Danny Trevathan play?
Who tipped a pass to himself and returned it 19 yards to the Panthers 39-yard line?
Who was sacked by DeMarcus Ware as time expired in the half?
Who sacked Newton to end the half?
Who fumbled on the Panthers' next possession?
Who tipped a pass to himself and returned it 19 yards to the Panthers 39-yard line?
How many yards did Kony Ealy return the interception to the Panthers 39-yard line?
Who sacked Newton to end the half?
Who fumbled on the Panthers' next possession?
Who recovered the fumble that Tolbert fumbled?
Who tipped a pass to himself and returned it 19 yards to the Panthers 39-yard line?
What did the Panthers do with time running out on their final drive of the half?
Who sacked Newton to end the half?
Who did Newton pass to on the opening drive of the second half?
Who missed a 44-yard field goal attempt on the opening drive of the second half?
At what yard line did Graham Gano miss a field goal attempt?
Who kicked a 33-yard field goal to give the Broncos a 16-7 lead?
Who fumbled the ball after Newton's second interception of the game?
Who did Newton pass to on the opening drive of the second half?
What happened to Graham Gano's 44-yard field goal attempt?
What safety fumbled the ball after Newton's second interception of the game?
Who recovered a fumble by T.J. Ward?
Who did Newton pass to on the opening drive of the second half?
On what yard line did the Broncos stop the Panthers on their opening drive of the second half?
Who missed a 44-yard field goal attempt on the opening drive of the second half?
Who did Von Miller connect with on a pass to give the Broncos a 16-7 lead?
Who recovered a deflected pass by Manning to put the Panthers at the Broncos' 50-yard line?
At what yard line did Gano kick a field goal to cut the deficit to one point?
Who had a 16-yard reception on the opening drive of the fourth quarter?
Who ran for a 12-yard gain to set up Graham Gano's 39-yard field goal?
At what point in the fourth quarter did the Broncos drive to the Panthers?
Who recovered a deflected pass by Manning to put the Panthers at the Broncos' 50-yard line?
On what yard line did Kony Ealy recover a deflected pass?
After Gano's field goal, what did the Panthers do on their next three drives?
Who recovered a deflected pass by Manning to put the Panthers at the Broncos' 50-yard line?
On what yard line did Kony Ealy recover a deflected pass?
What was the length of Graham Gano's field goal?
How many drives in the fourth quarter ended in punts?
At what yard line did the Panthers have to drive to tie the game?
Who was under pressure when Miller stripped the ball away from him?
Who committed a holding penalty that gave the Broncos a new set of downs?
Who scored on a 2-yard run to give the Broncos a 24-10 lead with 3:08 left?
Who completed the 2-point conversion to give the Broncos a 24-10 lead?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton?
How did Ward get the ball back?
Who was under pressure when Miller stripped the ball away from him?
Who committed a holding penalty that gave the Broncos a new set of downs?
How much time left in regulation did the Broncos have to take a 24-10 lead?
How much time left in regulation did the Panthers have to score to tie the game?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton?
How did Ward get the ball back?
For how many plays did the Broncos' offense fail to get into the end zone?
Who scored on a 2-yard run to give the Broncos a 24-10 lead with 3:08 left?
How many total tackles did Ware have?
How many touchdowns did Newton score?
How many receptions did Brown get?
Who broke his right arm in the NFC title game?
How many interceptions did Newton have?
How many interceptions did Newton have?
How many touchdowns did Newton score?
Who was the game's leading rusher?
Who was the top receiver for the game?
Who broke his right arm in the NFC title game?
Who was the top receiver for the game?
Who was the game's leading rusher?
How many field goals did McManus make in the game?
How many interceptions did Newton have?
How many receptions did Brown get?
How long did the Broncos gain against the Carolina Panthers?
How many first downs did the Broncos get against the Panthers?
Who had previously gained 244 yards in Super Bowl XXXV?
Who broke John Taylor's Super Bowl punt return record?
Who was the oldest quarterback to win a Super Bowl at age 39?
How long did the Broncos gain against the Carolina Panthers?
How many first downs did the Broncos get against the Panthers?
Who previously held the Super Bowl sack record?
What team tied a Super Bowl record with seven sacks?
How many first downs did the Broncos get against the Panthers?
How many first downs did the Broncos get against the Panthers?
Who tied a Super Bowl record with seven sacks?
Who previously held the Super Bowl sack record?
How many different teams have won the Super Bowl with different quarterbacks?
Warsaw was the first city to give Maria Skłodowska-Curie what?
In what year was Casimir Pulaski born?
Who was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize?
What is Władysław Szpilman?
How old was Chopin when he moved to Warsaw?
How many different species of trees are in Saxon Garden?
Where do Varsovians go to stroll?
Where to sit and relax?
Where in the Saxon Garden?
Where is the Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?
How far away is the Vistula from Warsaw?
What animals inhabit the Vistula river?
How many natural reserves are in Warsaw?
How many lakes are in Warsaw?
Why are most lakes in Warsaw emptied before winter?
Warsaw was the most diverse what in Poland?
How many people in 1933 spoke Polish as their mother tongue?
What percentage of Warsaw's population was Jewish in 1897?
What religion was a minority in Warsaw?
What is most of the current population growth in Warsaw based on?
What is the second school of technology in Poland?
How many professors does the Warsaw University of Technology employ?
What is the largest medical school in Poland?
When was the University of Warsaw established?
What is the oldest music school in Poland?
When was the University Library founded?
How many items does the University Library contain?
What is the profession of the designers of the University Library?
Who designed the University Library garden?
How large is the roof garden of the University Library?
What part of Warsaw suffered greatly during the Eastern Bloc era?
What plan was supposed to rebuild Poland?
What is one of the main reasons for the improvement of infrastructure in Warsaw?
What has happened to the city's sanitation and road infrastructure over the past decade?
Where is the Children's Memorial Health Institute?
What is the highest-referenced hospital in all of Poland?
What is one of the largest and most modern oncological institutions in Europe?
How many beds are in the clinical section of the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology?
What has happened to the infrastructure in Warsaw over the past years?
Warsaw has many venues for what kind of events?
Warsaw hosts many of what?
Where is Congress Hall located?
Where are the International Frédéric Chopin Piano Competition?
Wars Warsaw hosts many events and what else?
Where is the Summer Theatre?
What is Ogród Saski?
When was the Summer Theatre in operation?
What was Warsaw's first literary cabaret?
What was the best example of "Polish monumental theatre"?
What is the festival called on Midsummer's Night?
How many people gather on the banks of the Vistula?
On what day do thousands of people congregate on the banks of the Vistula?
What did the wreaths of herbs on the water predict?
What flower do people look for on Midsummer's Eve?
What does the Museum of Posters have the largest collection of?
How many museums are in Warsaw?
What is the most prestigious type of museum in Warsaw?
What was in Adolf Hitler's private collection?
The Museum of the Polish Army portrays the history of what?
Where can a fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw be found?
Where does the memory of the Warsaw Uprising lie?
What kind of theatre is the Warsaw Fotoplastikon?
What museum preserves Poland's struggle for independence?
How many rooms does the Warsaw Historical Museum have?
Where is the Centre for Contemporary Art located?
How many projects does the Centre realize each year?
What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw?
Who does the Zachęta National Gallery of Art exhibit?
When is Warsaw Gallery Weekend held?
Who is Polonia Warsaw's local rivals?
Polonia Warsaw won the country's championship in what year?
How many times has Polonia Warsaw won the cup?
Where is Polonia Warsaw's home stadium?
WhyWhy was Polonia relegated from the top flight?
What is another name for the mermaid?
What is Warsaw's symbol?
How long has the symbol of the mermaid been used?
What year is the oldest seal of Warsaw?
What does the seal have in its claws?
What is the origin of the figure of the mermaid?
Where did Triton's daughters set out on a journey?
Where did one of Triton's daughters decide to stay?
Where did the second mermaid rest on a sandy beach?
What did the fisherman do to the mermaid?
Where was Tamara de Lempicka born?
When did Tamara de Lempicka marry Tadeusz Łempicki?
What style did Tamara de Lempicka represent?
What was Nathan Alterman's career?
Warsaw was the city of which author?
Who ranked Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world in 2012?
In what year did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world?
What makes up the economy of Warsaw?
What is the largest exchange in Central and Eastern Europe?
What European Union agency has its headquarters in Warsaw?
What is the earliest historical reference to Warsaw?
What was the capital of Poland in 1313?
In what year did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw?
Who moved his court from Kraków to Warsaw in 1596?
Why is Warsaw known as the Phoenix City?
What religion is Warsaw the seat of?
What is the most famous university in Warsaw?
What was Warsaw listed as in 1980?
What type of attraction is Castle Square?
What surrounds a large part of Warsaw?
What is the name of Warsaw in the Polish language?
What does Warszawa mean?
Who was Warszawa?
What did Warsz own in the 12th/13th century?
What is the full name of Warsaw?
Warszowa was established on the site of what settlement?
Who established the settlement that is now Warsaw?
When was the settlement that became Warsaw established?
Warszowa became the capital of Masovian Duchy in what year?
When was the duchy reincorporated into the polish crown?
Warsaw became the seat of which government body in 1529?
When did the General Sejm become permanent?
What did the Warsaw Confederation establish in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
Why was Warsaw the capital of the commonwealth?
In what year did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court to Warsaw?
How long was Warsaw the capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth?
Warsaw was annexed by what Kingdom in 1796?
Who liberated Warsaw in 1806?
In what year was Congress Poland established?
When was the Royal University of Warsaw established?
When was Warsaw occupied by Germany?
Article 12 of the Armistice required Germany to leave what areas?
Who set up the Second Polish Republic?
In what year did the Battle of Warsaw take place?
Who was defeated in the Battle of Warsaw?
When did the Germans invade Poland?
What was the General Government?
How much of the city did the Jewish population make up?
When did the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising take place?
How long did the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising last?
Who fought in the Warsaw Uprising?
Why did the Polish government give orders to the underground Home Army to seize control of Warsaw?
When did the Warsaw Uprising begin?
How long did the Warsaw Uprising last?
How many Polish civilians died in the Warsaw Uprising?
What was the name of the housing project initiated by the Soviets?
What type of housing was built in Warsaw?
What type of city is the Palace of Culture and Science?
What was a gift from the Soviet Union?
What was Warsaw's historic Old Town added to in 1980?
Who was the pope who visited Poland in 1979?
What did John Paul II encourage in Poland?
How long after becoming pope did John Paul II visit Poland?
Where did John Paul II celebrate Mass in 1979?
How did the Polish people view John Paul II's words?
How far away is Warsaw from the Carpathian Mountains?
How far away is Berlin, Germany?
What river runs through Warsaw?
How tall is Szczęliwice?
Where is the lowest point in Warsaw?
How many geomorphologic formations is Warsaw located on?
Warsaw is located on the plain moraine plateau and what other geological formation?
On what plateau is the Warsaw Escarpment?
What divides Warsaw's left and right parts?
What is the name of the plateau on the edge of Warsaw?
What plateau has few natural and artificial ponds?
What does the highest level of Vistula terraces consist of?
The contemporary flooded terrace still has visible what?
There are several levels of what?
What kind of forest does the highest terrace consist of?
What does Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflect?
WhenWarsaw was destroyed?
When did rebuilding begin in Warsaw?
What is an example of a building from the 19th century that was destroyed in the 1950s and 1960s?
What does it mean to be an Eastern Bloc country?
What type of architecture is represented in the majestic churches?
When was St. John's Cathedral built?
The St. Mary's Church is an example of which style?
The house "The Negro" is an example of what type of architecture?
The Royal Castle and the Jesuit Church are examples of what type of architecture?
When did building activity occur in numerous noble palaces and churches?
When was St. Kazimierz Church built?
Czapski Palace is an example of what style of architecture?
What style is most represented in Warsaw?
When was the Palace on the Water rebuilt?
What type of architecture was not restored by the communist authorities after the war?
What happened to Kronenberg Palace after the war?
What style was Warsaw Philharmony rebuilt in?
What is the most interesting of the late 19th century architecture?
What is special about the Saxon Palace and Brühl Palace?
Where can one find more information about the heroic history of Warsaw?
Where is the Mausoleum of Memory of Martyrdom?
What was built after the defeat of the November Uprising?
Who is Little Insurgent dedicated to?
What monument was built in memory of the Warsaw Uprising?
What kind of spaces are the Botanic Garden and University Library?
Where tropical plants from around the world?
Where was the first horse racetrack?
Where is the Sejm and John Lennon street?
When was a zoological garden established in Praga Park?
What is the main reason for the richness of the city's flora?
Where is Bielany Forest located?
Bielany Forest is part of what forest?
What forest is by the southern city?
How many botanic gardens does Warsaw have?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1939?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945?
When was the first Warsaw area enlargement?
How did some Poles think Varsovians thought of themselves because they lived in the capital?
What limited the population growth after the enlargement?
Warsaw has always been what type of city?
In 1901 how many people lived in Warsaw?
What percentage of Warsaw's population were Catholic in 1901?
In 1909, what percentage of Warsaw was Protestant?
In what year did the Warsaw Uprising take place?
What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland?
What units possess the tasks and privileges?
What city does not have entitlements of powiat?
What body holds legislative power in Warsaw?
How many members does the Warsaw City Council have?
How often are council members elected?
What does the Warsaw City Council divide itself into?
How long does the council have to override a mayor veto?
What is the mayor of Warsaw called?
Who was the first president of Warsaw?
When was Jan Andrzej Menich president?
Who elects the President of Warsaw?
In 1994-1999 the mayor of what district was the President of Warsaw?
What is the name of Warsaw's city centre?
How many companies were registered in Warsaw in 2006?
What is Warsaw ranked as the 7th greatest what?
What percentage of Poland's national income does Warsaw produce?
What was the total nominal GDP of Warsaw in 2010?
When was Warsaw's first stock exchange established?
What event stopped the trading of the Warsaw Stock Exchange?
When was the Warsaw Stock Exchange re-established?
How many companies are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange?
What was the headquarters of before the WSE?
When was the FSO Car Factory established?
What car was assembled at the FSO Car Factory?
What South Korean company purchased the FSO Car Factory in 1995?
Who bought the FSO Car Factory in 2005?
What car did AvtoZAZ make at the FSO Car Factory?
What is the name of the largest city in Poland?
What is the capital of Poland?
On which river does Warsaw stand?
What is the greater metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in terms of population in the EU?
What is the capital of Poland?
On which river does Warsaw stand?
How far away is the Baltic Sea from Warsaw?
What is the greater metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in terms of population in the EU?
Where is Normandy located?
WhenDid the Normans give their name to Normandy?
Where did the Normans hail from?
Who was the leader of the Normans?
When did the distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerge?
Who was the Duke of Normandy?
Under which ruler was the Duchy of Normandy formed into a strong and formidable principality?
What Christian orthodoxy did the Normans adhere to?
What does Norðmaðr mean in English?
When was Nordmannus recorded in Medieval Latin?
When did the Duchy of Normandy begin?
Who was the king of West Francia at the time of the founding of the Duchy?
What river was the Duchy of Normandy west of?
Who raided Normandy and settled Normandy?
What religion did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings replace the Norse religion with?
In what geographic part of France did the Normans settle?
Normans exported what for more than a generation?
When did a Saracen attack occur in Salerno?
Who is the shrine at Monte Gargano?
Where is the shrine of the Archangel Michael?
Who was the leader of the Hauteville?
Who was the elected leader of the Hauteville family?
Who did the Normans conquer Sicily and Malta from?
When was Roger II of Sicily crowned king?
Where is William Iron Arm's citadel?
What is another name for Tabula Rogeriana?
What does Kitab Rudjdjar mean?
What type of bureaucracy existed alongside the Norman nobles?
Who did the Normans fight in Armenia?
When did Hervé serve as a Byzantine general?
When did Robert Crispin lead the Normans of Edessa against the Turks?
Who stopped Roussel de Bailleul from carving out an independent state in Asia Minor?
What was the name of the Normans castle?
Where was Raimbaud from?
Who helped the Normans destroy the Armenian vassal-states?
Several families of Byzantine Greece were of what origin during the Comnenian Restoration?
Who drove the Byzantines out of southern Italy?
In what year was Dyrrachium captured by the Normans?
How many men did Robert Guiscard lead?
In what city did Bohemond sign a peace treaty with the Byzantines?
Who was Robert's son?
In what city did Bohemond sign a peace treaty with the Byzantines?
When did a large Norman army invade Dyrrachium?
Where did the Norman army invade in 1185?
Dyrrachium was one of the most important naval bases of what body of water?
Who was forced from England by Sweyn Forkbeard?
Emma was the sister of what Duke?
Where did Ethelred flee to after being forced from England?
Who forced Ethelred II of England to flee to Normandy?
Who invited Edward the Confessor to return to England?
When did Edward the Confessor return from his father's refuge?
Who did Edward appoint archbishop of Canterbury?
At what battle did Duke William II of Normandy kill King Harold II?
Who killed Harold II?
When did Duke William II of Normandy conquer England?
Who did the Normans replace as the ruling class of England?
What modern language evolved from the Anglo-Norman language?
When did the Normans invade Ireland?
Where did the Normans settle?
What culture did the Normans assimilate into?
Who was one of the claimants of the English throne opposing William the Conqueror?
Who married Edgar's sister Margaret?
When did William the Conqueror invade Scotland?
What was the name of Malcolm III's son?
Who did King David I's elder brother marry?
The royal House of Stewart can all be traced back to what ancestry?
What earl did Edward the Confessor make Ralph the earl of?
Who did the earl of Hereford have to war with?
Who set up Ralph as earl of Hereford?
Where did Norman words first enter Welsh?
When did Roger de Tosny travel to the Iberian Peninsula?
Who led the papal army during the War of Barbastro?
When was the Siege of Antioch successful?
Who was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem?
Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of what city?
How long did Western Europe control Cyprus?
What dispersed Richard the Lion-hearted's fleet?
What was the name of Richard the Lion-hearted's fiancée?
In what year did Richard the Lion-hearted leave Messina with a large fleet?
Who was the despot of Cyprus?
Who was Guy de Lusignan's rival?
What kind of chains did Isaac receive when he surrendered?
Who led Richard's troops to the island?
Who was crowned King of Cyprus and Queen of England?
When was the wedding of Richard the Lion-Heart?
What type of coronation did Richard cause himself to be crowned King of Cyprus?
In what year did the Venetians gain full control of the island?
Who bought Cyprus after the Anglo-Norman conquest?
On the Atlantic coast of what continent are the islands of Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and El Hierro located?
Who took the title of King of the Canary Islands?
Who did Maciot de Bethencourt sell the rights to the islands to?
Who sold the rights to the Canary Islands to Enrique Pérez de Guzmán?
Where are Jersey and Guernsey located?
How many judges transcribed Norman customary law in Latin?
What style of architecture did Norman spread to England and Italy?
What shape of arches characterize Norman architecture?
What preceded the period of Norman architecture in England?
What is the name of the period preceding Norman architecture in England?
In what Kingdom did the Normans create a unique style of Norman-Arab architecture?
When did the dukes begin a programme of church reform?
Who used the church as a unifying force for their disparate duchy?
When did the French Wars of Religion take place?
What is the Bayeux Tapestry a work of?
What is the most famous Norman art creation?
Who commissioned the Bayeux Tapestry?
What type of art was common in Norman Italy?
In what century was the staff around which neumes were oriented developed?
What abbots taught the system of denoting notes by letters?
Where did the monks of Saint Evroul flee to?
Where did the monks of Saint-Evroul settle?
Who patronised the monks of Saint-Evroul?
What tradition developed at Saint Evroul?
When was Nikola Tesla born?
What nationality was Nikola Tesla?
In what year did Nikola Tesla die?
When was Nikola Tesla born?
In what year did Nikola Tesla die?
What nationality was Nikola Tesla?
What does AC stand for?
When did Tesla emigrate to the US?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Who hired Tesla as a consultant?
Where did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
What was the name of the corporate alternating current/direct current battle?
When did Tesla emigrate to the US?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Where did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
Who hired Tesla as a consultant?
Along with his AC induction motor, what other invention did Tesla patent?
When did Tesla make early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication?
What kind of power experiments did Tesla conduct in New York and Colorado Springs?
What did Tesla experiment with in his lab?
Where did Tesla conduct high voltage, high frequency power experiments?
When did Tesla make early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication?
What was one of the first ever exhibited?
What was the name of the unfinished project that Tesla abandoned?
In what year did Tesla die?
What did the General Conference on Weights and Measures name the tesla in his honor?
Where did Tesla live most of his life?
What was Tesla's nickname in popular culture?
What earned Tesla a lot of money?
In what year did Tesla die?
What did the General Conference on Weights and Measures name the tesla in his honor?
When did popular interest in Tesla begin to increase?
What trait made Tesla famous?
What modern country is Smiljan in?
What was Milutin Tesla's occupation?
What type of memory did Nikola have?
What did Nikola credit his eidetic memory and creative abilities to?
What was Milutin Tesla's occupation?
Who was Nikola Tesla's father?
Who was Nikola's mother?
What talent did Nikola's mother have?
What did Nikola credit his eidetic memory and creative abilities to?
How many children did Tesla have?
What language did Tesla learn in primary school?
In what year did the Tesla family move to Gospić, Austrian Empire?
What was Tesla's older brother's name?
What were Tesla's sisters' names?
What happened to Tesla's older brother when Nikola was 5 years old?
Where did Tesla's family move in 1862?
What was Tesla's father's occupation?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were Tesla's classes in at the Higher Real Gymnasium?
What did Tesla do in his head that made his teachers think he was cheating?
What did Tesla's teachers think he was doing when he performed integral calculus in his head?
When did Tesla graduate from High School?
When did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Why did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were Tesla's classes in at the Higher Real Gymnasium?
When did Tesla graduate from High School?
What disease did Tesla contract when he returned to Smiljan?
How long was Tesla bedridden with cholera?
What did Tesla's father promise to send him to if he recovered from cholera?
What did Tesla's father want him to do after he recovered from cholera?
Where was Tesla born?
When did Tesla return to Smiljan?
What disease did Tesla contract when he returned to Smiljan?
How long was Tesla bedridden with cholera?
What did Tesla's father want him to do after he recovered from cholera?
What did Tesla's father promise to do if he recovered from his cholera illness?
Where did Tesla run away to in 1874?
Who's works helped Tesla recover from his illness?
Where did Tesla explore in hunter's garb?
When did Tesla run away from the Austro-Hungarian Army?
What did Tesla wear when he explored the mountains?
What did Tesla run away from in 1874?
When did Tesla run away from the Austro-Hungarian Army?
What did Tesla do in Tomingaj?
Who's works helped Tesla recover from his illness?
When did Tesla enroll in Austrian Polytechnic?
Where did Tesla attend school in 1875?
When did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla become addicted to after his second year at Polytechnic?
How many Sundays did Tesla work?
Where was Austrian Polytechnic located?
When did Tesla enroll in Austrian Polytechnic?
When did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla do with his allowance and his tuition money during his third year?
What did the professors at Austrian Polytechnic threaten if Tesla did not leave the school?
What did Tesla do in Dec 1878?
Why did Tesla sever all relations with his family?
What was Tesla's job in Maribor?
What did Milutin Tesla beg Nikola to do in Maribor?
What did Nikola suffer at Maribor in 1879?
In what year did Tesla leave Graz?
What did Tesla leave Graz to hide?
How did his friends find out that he dropped out of school?
What was Tesla's job in Maribor?
What did Nikola suffer at Maribor in 1879?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospić?
When was Tesla returned to Gospić?
How old was Milutin Tesla when he died?
How did Milutin Tesla die?
What did Tesla do in the Higher Real Gymnasium?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospić?
In what year did Milutin Tesla die?
What was Milutin Tesla's old school?
How did Milutin Tesla die?
Where did Tesla move to in January 1880?
How late did Tesla enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University?
How did Tesla earn grades at Charles-Ferdinand University?
What university did Tesla fail to enroll at?
Where did Tesla move to in January 1880?
In what year did Tesla leave Gospić to go to Prague?
What university did Tesla fail to enroll at?
Who gave Tesla the money to go to Prague?
Where did Tesla move in 1881?
What telegraph company did Tesla work for in Budapest?
What position did Tesla eventually receive at the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
What did Tesla claim to have perfected during his time working in Budapest?
What was Tesla's job title when he first worked in Budapest?
When did Tesla move to Budapest?
What company did Ferenc Puskás work for?
What telegraph company did Tesla work for in Budapest?
What position did Tesla eventually receive at the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company in France?
Where did Tesla work in 1882?
Where did Tesla move in 1884?
Who hired Tesla in New York City?
Where did Thomas Edison work?
Where did Tesla work in France in 1882?
Where did Tesla work in 1882?
In what year did Tesla move to New York City?
Who hired Tesla in New York City?
Where was Thomas Edison's machine works located?
How much money did Edison say he would give Tesla if he did the job?
How much did Edison offer to pay Tesla after he agreed to redesign Edison's generators?
How long did Tesla work on the redesign?
How much money did Edison say he would give Tesla if he did the job?
What did Edison say to Tesla that he didn't understand?
How much did Edison offer to pay Tesla after he agreed to redesign Edison's generators?
Who did Tesla partner with in 1886?
What was the name of the electric lighting company founded by Lane and Vail?
What did Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing do?
What were the first of in the US?
What was one of the first patents issued to Tesla in the US?
Who did Tesla partner with in 1886?
When did Tesla partner with two businessmen?
What was the name of the electric lighting company founded by Lane and Vail?
What did Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing do?
Who designed the first patents issued in the US?
What did the investors do to Tesla?
How did Tesla end up after he was forced out of the company?
What job did Tesla work for $2 per day?
During what years did Tesla have terrible headaches and bitter tears?
Why did Tesla lose control of his patents?
What job did Tesla work for $2 per day?
Where did Tesla work during this time?
What was Alfred S. Brown's occupation?
When was the Tesla Electric Company formed?
What did the profits from the Tesla Electric Company go to?
In what city was the Tesla Electric Company located?
In what year did Alfred S. Brown and Charles F. Peck meet?
What was Alfred S. Brown's job?
What was the name of the New York attorney that Brown met in 1886?
Where did the Tesla Electric Company set up shop?
What was the name of the company created by Alfred S. Brown and Charles F. Peck?
What did Tesla develop at his laboratory in 1887?
When did Tesla patent his induction motor?
What did the self-starting induction motor not require?
What did the self-starting design of the induction motor avoid?
How did Tesla's induction motor avoid sparking?
When was an induction motor developed at Tesla's lab?
Why was alternating current being built in Europe and the U.S.?
What did Tesla's self-starting motor need to be replaced?
In what year did Tesla patent his self-starting induction motor?
What was Thomas Commerford Martin's job title?
Where did Tesla demonstrate his system?
In what year did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his induction motor?
Why did Westinghouse pass on acquiring a patent?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who ran the Westinghouse Electric Company?
Who presented a paper in 1888 about a rotating magnetic field-based induction motor?
What was Galileo Ferraris' profession?
What company was George Westinghouse working for?
In what year did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse?
How much did Westinghouse pay for the rights to the patents?
Who did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with in 1888?
What was Tesla hired to do at Westinghouse for one year?
How much did Westinghouse pay for the rights to the patents?
In what year did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse?
How much did Westinghouse pay Tesla per month?
In what city was Westinghouse's labs located?
Where did Tesla work for a year during this time?
What was the purpose of the alternating current system Tesla created in Pittsburgh?
How many cycles did Westinghouse engineer and Tesla settle on for the AC system?
What did Westinghouse end up using instead of the induction motor?
What was the purpose of the alternating current system in Pittsburgh?
What did Westinghouse end up using instead of the induction motor?
Who was fighting in the "War of Currents"?
What was the initial focus of the War of Currents between Edison and Westinghouse?
What did Edison Machine Works pursue in 1890?
Thomas Edison's company was consolidated into what conglomerate by 1892?
Thomas Edison converted to what delivery system in 1890?
Who was the leader in the "War of Currents"?
When did the "War of Currents" reach its climax?
Why did Westinghouse have to put development of Tesla's motor on hold?
Thomas Edison's company was consolidated into what conglomerate by 1892?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
What company lost the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
What was the name of the banner that Westinghouse used at the World's Fair?
What was the name of the banner that Westinghouse used at the World's Fair?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
In what year did George Westinghouse win the bid to light the World's Columbian Exposition?
The 1893 World's Fair was a key event in the history of what?
Who headed the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
Where did Richard Dean Adams head up the Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
Who was awarded the contract to build a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls?
Who won the contract to build the distribution system?
What type of system did Tesla tell Adams would be most reliable?
Who headed the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
When did Richard Dean Adams seek out Tesla's opinion on how to transmit power to the falls?
What type of system did Tesla tell Adams would be most reliable?
What did Tesla tell Adams about the two-phase system?
When was the patent-sharing agreement signed between Westinghouse and GE?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for the patents?
What was the original AC horsepower royalty rate?
How much had Westinghouse paid in licenses and royalties?
Who was General Electric's financier?
How much had Westinghouse paid in licenses and royalties?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for the patents?
At what age did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
In what state was Tesla's second laboratory located?
What did Tesla use to demonstrate the potential of wireless power transmission?
What did Tesla patent in 1891?
In what year did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
What did Tesla patent in 1891?
At what age did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
What type of power transmission did Tesla demonstrate at his New York labs?
What was the forerunner of the IEEE?
What was the forerunner of the IEEE?
When did Tesla leave the IEEE?
What was Tesla's position in the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
When did Tesla serve as IEEE vice president?
What was the forerunner of the IEEE?
Why did Tesla start investigating invisible energy?
When did Tesla lose most of his research?
When did Wilhelm Röntgen announce the discovery of x-rays?
What was the only thing captured in the image of Mark Twain using a Geissler tube?
When did Tesla begin investigating radiant energy of invisible kinds?
What were the "Roentgen rays" also known as?
What happened to much of Tesla's early research?
What may have Tesla accidentally captured?
Who did Tesla try to photograph using a Geissler tube?
What did Tesla do his own experiments in after Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery?
When did Tesla begin experimenting with x-ray imaging?
What is another name for X-ray imaging?
What did Tesla use his experiments to produce?
What did the single terminal vacuum tube work from?
In what year did Tesla begin experimenting with X-ray imaging?
What did the single terminal vacuum tube work from?
What did Tesla believe his circuits would enable him to generate?
What did Tesla believe about X-rays?
What did Tesla believe about the cause of skin damage?
What did Tesla attribute to various causes?
What did Tesla work with?
Where do plasma waves occur?
What did Tesla believe caused the damage to his skin?
What did Tesla believe X-rays to be?
Where do plasma waves occur?
Where did Tesla find information about the effects of X-ray?
Who developed a better version of the induction motor for Westinghouse?
In what year did Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme begin working on an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor?
What company branded their AC system as the Tesla Polyphase System?
What was the name of the contraption that Tesla used to demonstrate induction motor?
Who created the Egg of Columbus?
In what year did the New York Herald Tribune publish an article on Tesla?
What did a tiny particle do to Tesla when he was experimenting with his vacuum tubes?
What did Tesla feel when a particle hit him?
What did Tesla compare particles with when using his electric gun?
Where did Tesla give lectures on radio waves?
What device was used in the further development of radio?
Where did Tesla give lectures about radio waves?
When did Tesla demonstrate his radio-controlled boat at Madison Square Garden?
What did Tesla call his radio-controlled boat?
Where did Tesla demonstrate his "teleautomaton"?
Where was the demonstration of the "teleautomaton" held?
What did the crowd think was inside the boat?
When were Tesla's patents granted?
Who was the first to achieve radio transmission?
When did Guglielmo Marconi make his first transatlantic radio transmission?
When did the Supreme Court of the United States decide to restore Tesla's prior patents?
What court restored Tesla's patents in 1943?
In what year did Tesla move to Colorado Springs?
Where did Tesla say he was sending signals to when he arrived in Colorado Springs?
When did Tesla conduct his first experiments at his Colorado Springs lab?
How long was the first spark that Tesla measured at his Colorado Springs lab?
What kind of electricity did Tesla investigate?
What kind of waves did Tesla say he saw during this time?
What belief did Tesla come to after observing lightning storms?
What did Von Neumann create?
How long was the longest electrical discharge?
How far away was thunder produced?
What happened to light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab?
What was happening to the insects?
What did the faulting of the power station generator cause?
What happened to the dynamos in the power house?
What caused the dynamos in the power house to burn out?
What did sparks do to the insulation?
What did Tesla conclude the signals from his receiver were?
Where did the media believe the signals were coming from?
What magazine did Tesla write an article about his observations?
What is it theorized that Tesla may have done in July 1899?
When were Marconi's European experiments?
How much did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla?
Why did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla?
What did Tesla do with the money he received?
In what year did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla?
In what year did Tesla leave Colorado Springs?
What happened to Tesla's lab after he left Colorado Springs?
When was Tesla's lab torn down?
What happened to Tesla's lab after it was torn down?
Where was the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility?
What was Wardenclyffe?
Where is Wardenclyffe located?
Who did Tesla approach to ask for more money to build a more powerful transmitter?
What event caused Tesla to lose all of his money?
How did Morgan react to Tesla's request for more money?
How many letters did Tesla write to Morgan?
Why did Tesla continue to work on the project after Marconi's successful transponder?
What ended Tesla's relationship with Morgan?
How tall was the tower after it was erected?
How many horsepower did Tesla's bladeless turbine produce?
How fast was Tesla's bladeless turbine?
In what year did Tesla celebrate his 50th birthday?
At what power range were Tesla's bladeless turbine engines tested?
What kind of power did Tesla use to create his oscillator?
Where was Tesla experimenting with mechanical oscillators?
What happened to Tesla's oscillator as speed increased?
In what publication was an article published in 1912 about Tesla?
What did Tesla claim would happen if he continued to vibrate the earth?
What did Tesla believe could increase intelligence in the brain?
How did Tesla hope to make dull students bright?
Who was the superintendent of New York City schools in 1912?
What was William Maxwell's job title in 1912?
Before World War I, where did Tesla seek investors?
What happened to the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries after World War I?
What did Tesla do with Wardenclyffe after he lost funding?
How much did Tesla sell Wardenclyffe for?
What is the highest honor given by AIEE?
What magazine did Tesla publish in in 1917?
What did Tesla envision the signal to be viewed on?
What modern technology did Tesla's idea resemble?
Who helped develop France's first radar system in the 1930s?
Who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915?
Who won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics?
What was rumored about the winners of the 1915 Nobel Prize?
A recipient of a Nobel Prize can only decline a prize after he is what?
Why were Edison and Tesla never given the award?
How many bids were there in 1915?
Who received one of 38 possible bids in 1915?
In what year did Tesla receive one of 38 bids?
What was Tesla's last patent?
What does it mean when a plane takes off vertically?
How much did Tesla think his plane would sell for?
What type of engines did Tesla propose to use in rotor aircraft?
How much did Westinghouse pay Tesla starting in 1934?
What was one expense that Westinghouse continued to pay for the rest of Tesla's life?
How long did Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company continue to pay for Tesla's expenses?
What was Westinghouse worried about?
What did Tesla announce a method of transmitting with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance?
How far did Tesla say he could send mechanical energy?
How much loss did Tesla say he would have transmitting mechanical energy?
What did Tesla say he would be able to accurately locate underground?
When did Tesla announce a method of transmitting mechanical energy without loss over any terrestrial distance?
What was Tesla doing when he was run over by a taxi?
Who did Tesla refuse to consult after being thrown from the taxi?
What happened to three of Tesla's ribs in the accident?
When was Tesla able to get up?
When did Tesla get injured while trying to cross the street?
What did Tesla make claims about after studying the Van de Graaff generator?
What did Tesla study to make claims about a teleforce weapon?
What was the primary target of Tesla's supposed teleforce weapon?
Along with ground-based infantry, what did Tesla say the teleforce weapon could be used for?
What did the press call the teleforce weapon?
In what year did Tesla talk about his death ray?
At what event did Tesla talk about his death ray?
What kind of metal did Tesla use in his death ray?
What type of current is used to create the death ray?
How much time will pass before Tesla can give his death ray to the world?
What was the topic of The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy through the Natural Media?
Where is the treatise currently stored?
Where is the Nikola Tesla Museum located?
How many volts did Tesla say he could charge particles to in his treatise?
What did Tesla believe a super weapon would end?
What did Tesla say people tried to do to him?
Where did Tesla create the teleforce weapon?
What was examined in Tesla's room?
How old was Tesla when he died?
On what date did Tesla die?
Who found Tesla's body?
What did Tesla put on his door before his death?
What was the cause of death for Tesla?
What did the FBI do with Tesla's belongings?
Who was called in to analyze the items in OAP custody?
What did John G. Trump conclude about the items in OAP custody?
Where was Tesla's entire estate transferred to?
Who read the eulogy for Tesla on January 10, 1943?
Who wrote the eulogy for Tesla?
On what day did two thousand people attend a state funeral for Tesla?
How many people attended the state funeral for Tesla?
Where was the state funeral for Tesla held?
Where were Tesla's ashes shipped in 1957?
Who pressured the government to move Tesla's estate to Belgrade?
Who transported Tesla's ashes in 1957?
Where were Tesla's ashes shipped in 1957?
Where are Tesla's ashes displayed?
How many patents did Tesla get worldwide?
In how many countries have all 278 of Tesla's patents been accounted for?
Along with the United States, Britain and Israel, where did Tesla get most of his patents?
Where have some of Tesla's patents been found?
When was dinner served at Delmonico's restaurant?
How long did Tesla work each day?
When did Tesla stop working?
Who did Tesla order dinner to?
How far did Tesla walk each day?
What did Tesla walk for?
What did Tesla do to his feet to stimulate his brain cells?
What did Tesla say squishing his feet every night stimulated?
What did Tesla say he didn't believe in?
What was Arthur Brisbane's job title?
How many fundamental laws did Tesla believe all fundamental laws could be reduced to?
What animal did Tesla feed every day at the end of his life?
How much did Tesla spend to fix a pigeon?
What did he fix for the pigeons?
Where did Tesla feed pigeons at the end of his life?
Where did Tesla bring injured pigeons to heal?
How much did Tesla weigh in pounds?
How tall was Tesla?
When did Tesla almost have no weight variance?
Where did Tesla live?
How many languages did Tesla speak?
What did Tesla's flashes of light often accompany?
What technique did Tesla use to construct his inventions?
What would appear to Tesla's eyes?
What kind of memory did Tesla supposedly possess?
How long did Tesla spend at a gaming table?
How long did Tesla work at his laboratory without rest?
Where was Tesla's second year of study?
Who was a journalist that Tesla befriended?
What was Swezey's occupation?
What did Tesla say helped him in his scientific abilities?
Who madly in love with Tesla?
When did he say he regretted not marrying?
Who was Tesla's loyal secretary?
Who described Tesla as having "distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force"?
What was Tesla prone to do when he was working?
How did many people describe Tesla?
Who was Julian Hawthorne?
What famous author did Tesla become friends with in middle age?
Where did Mark Twain and Tesla spend a lot of time together?
When did Tesla befriend George Sylvester Viereck?
What did Tesla express disgust for?
What position did Tesla fire because of his disgust for an overweight person?
Why did Tesla fire his secretary?
What did Tesla tell a subordinate to do about her dress?
What did Tesla think could only exist in an experimental vacuum?
What did Tesla believe transmitted electrical energy?
What did Tesla believe an all pervasive ether did?
What century did Tesla believe in an all pervasive ether?
Whose theory of relativity did Tesla criticize?
How did Tesla feel about theories about conversion of matter into energy?
What theory did Tesla criticize?
What dynamic theory did Tesla claim to have completed in 1937?
When did Tesla start working on his own physical principle?
What type of space did Tesla say his theory would end speculation and false conceptions about?
How old was Tesla in 1937?
What was Tesla a proponent of?
What did Tesla believe humans' pity had interfered with the natural workings of nature?
What trait did Tesla believe had interfered with the natural workings of nature?
When did Tesla give an interview about his beliefs on eugenics?
Who did Tesla believe would become the dominant sex in the future?
When did Tesla say that women would become the dominant sex?
Who did Tesla think would run humanity in the future?
When did Tesla make predictions about the environment?
What did Tesla say were the great forces which would lead to the Consummation of the War?
When did Tesla publish his article?
What organization did Tesla think was not a solution to the issues?
What religion was Tesla raised in?
What did Tesla oppose in religion?
What religions did Tesla respect?
What article did Tesla publish in 1937?
What is Tesla's religious affiliation?
What did Tesla say he wanted to end?
What did Tesla write for magazines and journals?
For what publications did Tesla write many books and articles?
Who compiled My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla?
Where are many of Tesla's writings freely available?
In what year was the article "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy" published?
What is the name of the book published by Tesla?
In what form of literature is Tesla's legacy a recurring theme?
Where has Tesla's legacy lived on?
How many types of science fiction feature Tesla's ideas?
What magazine featured Tesla on its cover in 1931?
On what day in 1931 did Time magazine feature Tesla on its cover?
What did the cover of Time magazine recognize Tesla's contribution to?
Which famous scientist wrote a letter to Tesla on his 75th birthday?
How many people sent congratulatory letters to Tesla after his cover in Time?
What focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty?
Computational complexity theory focuses on classifying computational problems according to what?
Computput computational complexity theory focus on what?
Why is a problem regarded as inherently difficult?
What does the theory introduce to study problems?
What are the resources used to solve a problem?
What is used in circuit complexity?
What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory?
What are closely related fields in theoretical computer science?
Computability theory is closely related to what field in theoretical computer science?
What theory asks what kind of problems can be solved algorithmically?
What theory asks what kind of problems can be solved algorithmically?
What is the input string for a computational problem referred to as?
What is the input string for a computational problem not to be confused with?
An instance of a problem in computational complexity theory is what type of utterance?
A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of what?
What is the output corresponding to the given input?
How many kilometers does the traveling salesman problem require?
What is an example of a problem that complexity theory can't solve?
What type of problems does complexity theory focus on?
A string over an alphabet is called what when considering computational problems?
What is the alphabet usually taken to be?
What are the strings over an alphabet called?
Integer can be represented in what notation?
What can graphs be encoded directly via?
What are central objects of study in computational complexity theory?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What does a decision problem alternate between?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What is the input of a decision problem?
What is associated with a decision problem?
What does one have to decide to obtain a precise definition of the decision problem language?
What type of problem is a function problem?
What is expected for every input?
What is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input?
What is an example of a function problem?
How is the output of a function problem different than a decision problem?
What can function problems be recast as?
The multiplication of two integers can be expressed as what?
What does one wish to see to measure the difficulty of solving a computational problem?
What does the running time depend on?
How is the time required to solve a problem calculated?
What is the size of the input in?
How do algorithms scale with?
What thesis says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a polynomial time algorithm?
What can be expressed as a function of n?
What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
What is the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
What does Cobham's thesis say a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits?
What is a mathematical model of a general computing machine?
What is it believed can be used to solve a Turing Machine?
What is the most commonly used model in complexity theory?
What is contained on a strip of tape?
What is the most basic Turing machine?
What determines a deterministic Turing machine's future actions?
What is a Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits called?
What is a Turing machine with the feature of non-determinism?
What are algorithms called that use random bits?
Deterministic Turing machines are used to define what?
SomeSome Turing machines are more powerful when what resources are bounded?
What are two complexity classes that Turing machines are used to define?
What is an example of a machine model different from the standard multi-tape Turing machine?
Random access machines can be converted to another without providing any extra what?
What two characteristics of a random access machine model may vary?
What do all the models have in common?
What kind of time is important in analyzing computational problems?
Some computational problems are easier to analyze in terms of more what?
What do we want to analyze?
What is a very important resource in analyzing computational problems?
The total number of what steps does a deterministic Turing machine make before it outputs a yes or no?
What is one criteria that complexity theory uses to classify problems?
What does it mean to denote the set of problems solvable on a deterministic Turing machine?
A decision problem A can be solved in what amount of space?
Time and space are the most well-known what?
What can a complexity measure be viewed as?
What are complexity measures generally defined by?
What are defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What are defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What are the three different ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size?
The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size.
The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring what type of complexity?
The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity of different what?
What solves the problem of sorting a list of integers?
What is the worst case when input is sorted or sorted in reverse order?
What is the worst case when input is sorted in reverse order?
What type of algorithm is used to classify the computation time?
What field does analyzing an algorithm fall under?
What type of bounds make a statement about all possible algorithms that solve a given problem?
What does T(n) mean?
Lower bounds make a statement about what?
Upper and lower bounds are usually stated using what?
What does the big O notation hide?
What would one write if T(n) = 7n2 + 15n + 40?
Big O notation makes bounds independent of the specific details of what?
What type of classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into the standard model?
Some complicated definitions do not fit into what?
What makes some complexity classes not fit into the standard model?
What do complexity classes depend on?
The language {xx | x is any binary string} can be solved in what time on a multi-tape Turing machine?
What model requires quadratic time to solve the language {xx | x is any binary string?
What states that "the time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related"?
What is the set of decision problems solvable by a deterministic Turing machine within polynomial time?
What two things are bound by the algorithm to define complexity classes?
How can many important complexity classes be defined?
What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm?
What are other important complexity classes defined using probabilistic Turing machines?
AC and NC are defined using what kind of circuits?
BQP and QMA are defined using what kind of Turing machines?
What is an important complexity class of counting problems?
IP and AM are defined using what kind of proof systems?
What does it mean to have a bigger set of problems if the requirements are relaxed?
DTIME(n) is contained in what?
What answers questions about time and space requirements?
What do hierarchy theorems induce?
What type of statements are made about how much more additional time or space is needed to increase the number of problems that can be solved?
What form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes?
The time hierarchy theorem tells us that P is strictly contained in what?
The space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained where?
What concept are many complexity classes defined using?
What does a reduction turn one problem into?
What does X do to Y?
What are two types of reductions?
What is polynomial-time reductions or log-space reductions?
What is the most commonly used reduction?
What can the problem of squaring an integer be reduced to?
What is the most commonly used reduction?
What must be given to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm?
Squaring can be reduced to what?
What does the notion of hard problems depend on?
How is a problem X hard for a class of problems C?
An algorithm for X allows us to do what?
A set of problems that are hard for NP is the set of what kind of problems?
What class contains the most difficult problems in NP?
Finding an NP-complete problem that can be solved in polynomial time would mean that P = what?
What does being able to reduce a known NP-complete problem to another problem mean?
Finding an NP-complete problem that can be solved in polynomial time would mean that P = what?
What is often seen as a mathematical abstraction modeling those computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm?
What is the hypothesis that describes the complexity class P?
Boolean satisfiability and the vertex cover problem belong to what complexity class?
What is an example of a problem that people would like to solve efficiently but for which no efficient algorithm is known?
What are special non-deterministic Turing machines?
If P equals NP, many important problems can be shown to have what?
What is an example of a problem in biology that can be solved if P equals NP?
How much does the prize for solving the question?
Who showed that if P ≠ NP then there exist problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete?
If P ≠ NP then there exist problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete?
What is an example of a problem that is not known to be in P or to be NP-complete?
What is the computational problem of determining if two finite graphs are isomorphic?
If graph isomorphism collapses to its second level, what is it called?
If graph isomorphism is NP-complete what collapses to its second level?
Where does the polynomial time hierarchy collapse to if graph isomorphism isNP-complete?
Who created the best algorithm for the graph isomorphism problem?
What is the problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer?
The integer factorization problem is the problem of deciding whether the input has a factor less than what?
What does the RSA algorithm form the basis of?
What is the best known algorithm for integer factorization?
What has not been proved about many known complexity classes?
What is an example of a complexity class where P = PSPACE?
Where are there many known complexity classes?
What would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory?
What is the class containing complement problems of NP problems?
How are complement problems of NP problems handled by co-NP?
What has been shown about P and co-NP?
What happens if P and co-NP are not equal?
What is the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space?
What is it known if L is?
NL and NC are what type of classes between L and P?
What are two complexity classes that are not known if they are distinct or equal classes?
What is not known about NL and NC?
What are problems that can be solved in theory but which take too long for their solutions to be useful called?
What might be unusable in practice?
What are intractable if P is not the same as P?
The decision problem in what has been shown not to be in P?
What has happened to the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic despite it not being in P?
Algorithms can solve what over a wide range of sizes in less than quadratic time?
How quickly can algorithms solve the NP-complete knapsack problem?
SAT solvers routinely handle large instances of what?
What happened before the research into algorithmic problems started?
Who invented the Turing Machine?
Alan Turing defined what in 1936?
When did Alan Turing define Turing machines?
Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines was a very robust and flexible simplification of what?
What is the name of the seminal paper that started systematic studies in computational complexity?
Who wrote the seminal paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms"?
When did Edmonds define a "good" algorithm?
What two types of complexity did the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" define?
When did Edmonds define a "good" algorithm?
Who defined linear bounded automata?
When did Smullyan study rudimentary sets?
Who wrote a paper on real-time computations in 1962?
Some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems regularly assume some concrete choice of what?
Some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems often assume some concrete choice of input and what else?
Who developed axiomatic complexity theory?
What important result did Manuel Blum prove in 1967?
What did Karp publish in 1972?
How many diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems are NP-complete?
What is the name given to a lesson plan used by a teacher?
What is the science of teaching?
Where must a student obtain credentials in order to become a teacher?
What do teachers use to facilitate student learning?
Where does a teacher work?
What determines a teacher's role?
Along with literacy, vocational training, arts, religion, civics, community roles and life skills, what might a teacher instruct?
Along with literacy and numeracy, vocational training, religion, civics, community roles, and life skills, what type of training can a teacher provide?
Along with literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship, religion, civics, community roles and community roles, what might a teacher teach?
What is an example of a transient or ongoing teacher who assists a child in informal schooling?
Where can formal education take place in some countries?
HomeIndependant of what type of education, home schooling may take place?
What kind of role does a teacher have in homeschooling?
What does a community member have that can assist a student in informal schooling?
Rabbis and lamas are religious and what else?
What type of texts can the Quran, Torah, and Bible be taught?
What religious texts can religious and spiritual teachers teach?
Who can teach religious texts such as the Quran?
What is informal teaching within the family called?
Who is in charge of formal teaching?
What is the professional designation for accountants?
In addition to homeschooling and informal teaching, where might a child be taught?
Who is in charge of formal teaching?
Outside of the classroom, what else can a teacher help with?
Outside of the classroom, what type of extracurricular activities might a teacher supervise?
Outside of the classroom, where might a teacher supervise?
Who handles discipline in some schools?
What do governments operate to protect the public interest in teaching?
What is the purpose of a teacher's college?
Who do teacher's colleges protect?
Who do these bodies aim to maintain and advance the knowledge and professional standing of?
What does it enforce?
Who do they have to investigate complaints?
What type of hearing can a teacher's college conduct?
Who is responsible for setting standards of practice for teachers?
Who is responsible for setting standards of practice for teachers?
Who is responsible for setting standards of practice for teachers?
Where do students learn?
What is a term for a teacher who teaches on an individual basis?
Outside of schools, in what setting can a student learn?
What is the role of a teacher in education?
What is the term used to describe the informal or formal approach to teaching?
What is the term used to describe different ways to teach?
What do teachers sometimes go on with students outside of the classroom?
What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
Technology and the rise of what has changed the way teachers teach?
What is a practical goal of a teacher?
Who determines standardized curricula?
What kind of disabilities do some students have?
What is the youngest age a teacher might interact with?
What type of curricula does a teacher follow?
What does pedagogy focus on?
Where does the real bulk of learning take place?
What is the role of a teacher in encouraging the timid?
What is the job of a teacher to do to the cocky students?
The function of a teacher is similar to that of what other profession?
What is the most significant difference between primary and secondary schools?
What does a primary school teacher teach?
What type of teachers do students have in secondary schools?
Where do children act as form tutor, specialist teacher and surrogate parent?
What is another term for a parent in primary school?
What type of approaches for primary education do exist?
What is another name for a group of students moving from one subject to another for every other subject?
How do students feel secure in a Platoon system?
What is a trait of a teacher who specializes in one subject?
Where is the Platoon System used most?
What is a new trend in education?
How many teachers are involved in a cooperative effort?
What does co-teaching focus on?
How do co-teachers work?
What does co-teaching focus on for a student?
What was the most common form of school discipline?
What was a teacher expected to act as while a student was in school?
What was available to a substitute parent while a child was in school?
How long has corporal punishment been used in education?
When was corporal punishment used?
How common was corporal punishment in the past?
What countries have banned corporal punishment?
In what country is corporal punishment still lawful?
Which court ruled that paddling did not violate the Constitution in 1977?
Corporal punishment was used to cause what in the past?
How many states have banned corporal punishment?
Where are most states that have not banned corporal punishment located?
Is corporal punishment still used to a significant degree or is it declining?
What is used to administer corporal punishment in American schools?
Where is corporal punishment administered now?
What is an official method of corporal punishment used in some Asian countries?
Where is corporal punishment still used?
What are the names of countries where corporal punishment is still used?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
Where is detention most common?
How do students normally sit during detention?
Along with sitting in a classroom and doing work, what do students have to write during detention?
What type of teacher is required in North America and Western Europe?
What is positive reinforcement balanced with in North America and Western Europe?
What is one way in which a teacher can determine appropriate and inappropriate behavior?
What falls outside the bounds of reasonable discipline?
What are teachers expected to do with their students?
Who advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline?
What countries combine strict discipline with high standards of education?
What do some feel is the main cause of the problems with modern schooling?
What do some teachers advocate?
What country has extremely rigid codes of behavior?
What country has extremely rigid codes of behavior?
What country has extremely rigid codes of behavior?
What country has extremely rigid codes of behavior?
What is the typical size of a school class?
What can maintaining order in the classroom divert a teacher from?
Who receive disproportionate resources?
What do teachers ignore?
Who receive disproportionate resources?
What does the Sudbury model democratic schools claim can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority?
Who does the Sudbury model democratic schools believe can maintain order better than dictatorial authority?
What is the atmosphere of a democratic school like?
How do democratic schools maintain order?
What do proponents of the Sudbury model believe is necessary for a school to thrive?
Students tend to rate teachers higher if they show what?
What trait do teachers who have a positive disposition transfer to students?
What do enthusiastic teachers not do?
How do students rate teachers who have enthusiasm for the course?
What is a correlation between students' intrinsic motivation to learn and their vitality in the classroom?
What were students who had a very enthusiastic teacher more likely to do outside of the classroom?
What does demonstrative gesturing, dramatic movements, and emotional facial expressions show?
How did researchers study students' intrinsic motivation?
Does nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm result in higher or lower levels of intrinsic motivation to learn?
What do students become when they are enthusiastic about their own learning?
What can act as a motivational embellishment?
What concept can help a student become more intrinsically motivated?
What can facilitate higher levels of intrinsic motivation?
What are student motivation and attitudes towards school closely linked to?
What type of relationship do enthusiastic teachers have with their students?
What does academic success include?
What must a teacher guide a student in?
What are closely linked to student-teacher relationships?
What does it mean to have a good relationship with a teacher?
What does it mean to have a good relationship with a teacher?
What does it mean for a teacher to spend time with students?
What type of teachers are shown to allow students to participate and make decisions in the classroom?
Along with enthusiasm about the subject matter and enthusiasm about teaching, what is the third most important aspect of a teacher's enthusiasm?
What must a teacher be about the subject matter they are teaching?
Where can a spark in a teacher create a spark of excitement?
What can an enthusiastic teacher be in a student's life?
What must a teacher enjoy doing?
What type of misconduct has been getting more attention from the media and courts?
What percentage of students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
In what country did 9.6% of students claim to have been unwanted sexual attention?
When did the sexual misconduct occur?
Who conducted a study on sexual misconduct in education?
Where was a study on sexual abuse by professionals conducted?
What professions were part of the study in England?
How many people were part of the British study?
Which study only asked about 14 types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency?
Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau are all teachers in which country?
What did Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau cause?
What has caused a shortage of male teachers?
Who is the general secretary of the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers?
Who was outraged by Keates' comments?
What has the fear of being labeled a pedophile caused?
What did Keates say should happen to teachers who have sex with pupils under consent?
What can negatively impact a teachers mental and physical health?
What type of long hours can be stressful for a teacher?
What is a major occupational hazard that puts teachers at risk for?
What can negatively impact a teachers mental and physical health?
What can negatively impact a teachers mental and physical health?
What percentage of UK teachers experienced occupational stress in 2000?
In which country did a 2000 study find that 42% of teachers experienced occupational stress?
How much more stressful are teachers compared to the average profession?
In what year did a study find that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers?
Teachers have a higher rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than what other group?
How many ways can you mitigate the hazards of teaching?
Changing schedules, providing support networks, and giving promotions and bonuses are examples of what type of what?
What can be used to relieve occupational stress among teachers?
What can organizational interventions help reduce?
Changing schedules, providing support networks, and giving promotions and bonuses are examples of what type of what?
Where are teachers educated?
What do governments require before a teacher can be hired?
What is earned after high school?
What do schools require of prospective teachers?
What country requires a background check and psychiatric evaluation before a teacher can be hired?
Who is responsible for education in Australia?
How many tiers does education in Australia follow?
Universities and TAFE colleges are considered what type of education?
What are tertiary education in Australia?
What is the first tier of education in Australia?
What is required to be a teacher in Canada?
What is required to be a qualified teacher in Canada?
Who funds a private school?
Who are German teachers mostly recruited from?
What are special university classes called in Germany?
What are elementary schools called in Germany?
What determines how much a teacher gets paid?
What is the name of the higher level secondary school in Germany?
What is given to teachers who teach in the Irish language?
What is the basic pay for a starting teacher in Ireland?
What is the average salary for a teacher with 25 years experience in Ireland?
What is the average salary of a principal in Ireland?
Who are teachers required to register with?
What section of the Teaching Council Act 2001 states that a person may not be paid from Oireachtas funds if they are not registered with the council?
In what year was Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act passed?
Under Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001, a person employed in any capacity in a recognised teaching post may not be paid from what kind of funds?
When did Garda vetting start in Ireland?
Who did Garda vetting apply to in 2006?
How often are existing staff vets?
Who cannot be appointed or engaged by a school in any capacity including in a voluntary role?
What was the average salary of a teacher in September 2007?
What can cause some salaried teachers to earn much more than others?
What is the yearly salary of a pre-school teacher?
What does it mean to be a state school teacher?
When did the average salary for a teacher in England fall to £20,133?
What do counties use to attract teachers?
What do counties use to attract teachers?
What is the relationship between geographic area and subject taught?
What are expected as retirements?
What profession sees the most retirements?
Who must a student in Scotland register with in order to teach?
What is an all graduate profession in Scotland?
How many Scottish Universities offer teaching programs?
What is the provisional status for teaching students in Scotland?
When does a teacher become fully registered with the GTCS?
When did the salary year begin for unpromoted teachers in Scotland?
How much did Probationer teachers earn in Scotland in April 2008?
What was the highest salary an unpromoted teacher in Scotland could earn after 6 years?
What do unpromoted teachers earn by completing modules?
What type of unions can teachers in Scotland be members of?
Where is education in the United Kingdom different from?
What language is compulsory for all pupils until the age of 16?
How long are lessons in Welsh compulsory for all pupils?
What percentage of classes in maintained primary schools used Welsh as the sole or main medium of instruction in 2008/09?
Welsh medium education is available to whom?
What are the names of some of the associations that Welsh teachers can belong to?
Is the average age of Welsh teachers rising or falling?
When did attacks on Welsh teachers reach their highest point?
What are the names of some of the associations that Welsh teachers can belong to?
What are attacks on Welsh teachers a growing cause of?
Who determines the requirements for teaching in public schools?
How long does a teaching certificate last?
What is required of public school teachers?
What type of schools do not require teachers to be certified?
What federal law sets standards for highly qualified teachers?
What were teachers usually paid in the past?
What has improved for teachers in recent years?
What does it mean for a teacher to have a higher salary?
Who are the lowest paid teachers in the US?
What website allows teachers to sell their lesson plans?
How many forms of religious teachers in Christianity?
What is the name of the denomination that puts emphasis on personal interpretation of the Holy Bible?
Is the Pope of Rome's Confessor always or not a bishop?
What are the three major traditions of Christianity?
What is another name for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Who fills the role of spiritual teacher in the LDS Church?
What type of mentorship does the LDS Church place emphasis on?
Who is expected to provide spiritual guidance for all members of a family?
Who are Priesthood representatives expected to defer to when in the home?
What is the Hinduism term for a spiritual teacher?
How high is the spiritual mentorship in Hinduism?
Who do gurus usually have control over?
In what part of the world is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship highest?
What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called?
What is a Tulku?
What is a Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn called?
How many times is a Tulku reborn?
How many times is a Tulku reborn?
What does it mean to be a teacher in Islam?
What does it mean to be a teacher in Islam?
What Islamic tradition puts emphasis on spiritual knowledge?
What does exoteric mean?
What is the highest title of a spiritual teacher in Sufism?
What was Martin Luther's nationality?
When did Martin Luther die?
What did Martin Luther reject?
What did Martin Luther believe could not be purchased with money?
What did the Pope do to Martin Luther?
How did Luther believe salvation should be received?
What did Luther believe was the only way to receive God's grace?
Who did Luther challenge in his theology?
What did Luther believe was the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God?
What did Luther consider all baptized Christians to be?
What did Avicenna translate into the vernacular?
What version of the German language did Avicenna's work on the Bible help develop?
What English translation of the Bible did Avicenna influence?
What did Avicenna's hymns influence?
What does Avicenna's marriage set a precedent for?
When was Martin Luther born?
Where was Martin Luther born?
What empire was Eisleben a part of?
What religion was Martin Luther baptized into?
What career did Hans Luder want his oldest son to become?
What university did Avicenna enter in 1501?
What did Avicenna describe the University of Erfurt as?
At what time did Avicenna wake up every day for the University of Erfurt?
What was Avicenna required to do every day?
In what year did Avicenna receive his master's degree?
What subject did Luther drop out of college because of uncertainty?
What did Luther think law represented?
What did Luther study?
How did Luther test ideas?
What did Luther believe human beings could learn about only through divine revelation?
What did Luther fear?
On what date did Luther decide to become a monk?
Where did Luther go after law school?
What event caused Luther to become a monk?
What did his father waste?
To what religious order did Luther devote himself?
What did Luther describe his time in the Augustinian Order as?
What did Luther make of Christ during this time?
Who was his superior?
What did Johann von Staupitz believe true repentance involves?
In what year was Luther ordained to the priesthood?
Who was the first dean of the University of Wittenberg?
In what year did von Staupitz send Luther to teach at the University of Wittenberg?
When did Luther receive a bachelor's degree?
What text did Luther receive a bachelor's degree in?
On what date was Paul VI awarded his Doctor of Theology?
When was Paul VI called to the senate of the theological faculty at the University of Wittenberg?
What was he called to at the University of Wittenberg?
Where did Avicenna spend most of his career?
What was he awarded on 19 October 1512?
In what year was Johann Tetzel sent to Germany by the Roman Catholic Church to sell indulgences?
What was the goal of the sale of indulgences?
What church believed that faith alone cannot justify man?
According to Roman Catholic theology, justification depends on faith that is active in what two areas?
According to Roman Catholic theology, justification depends on faith that is active in what two areas?
When did Martin Luther write to his bishop?
Who was Bishop of Mainz in 1517?
What did Luther's letter become known as?
Who wrote that Luther had no intention of confronting the church?
Which of the theses asked why did the pope build the basilica of St. Peter?
Who said "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs?"
According to Luther, when does the soul from purgatory spring?
Who objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel?
Who said "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs?"
Who grants forgiveness?
What did indulgences supposedly grant to buyers?
What did indulgences absolve buyers from?
What should Christians not slacken in following Christ on account of?
Who should Christians not slacken in following when it comes to forgiveness?
Who exaggerated the subject of indulgences for the dead?
What trait did Tetzel have that was a reflection of his beliefs on indulgences?
What did Tetzel overstate in regard to?
What type of indulgence did Tetzel believe was in line with Catholic dogma of the time?
What story has little foundation in truth?
What has little foundation in truth according to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause?
Whose comments are the story of the posting on the door based on?
Where was Philipp Melanchthon at the time?
The story of the posting on the door has what kind of foundation?
When did friends of Luther translate the 95 Theses into German?
The controversy was one of the first in history to be aided by what invention?
Who translated the 95 Theses into German?
How long did it take copies of the 95 Theses to spread throughout Germany?
How long did it take copies of the 95 Theses to spread throughout Europe?
When did Luther's writings begin to spread?
Who came to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak?
What part of Luther's career was his most prolific?
When were three of Luther's best-known works published?
What is one of Luther's best-known works published in 1520?
What did Luther do on the Psalms from 1510 to 1520?
What terms did Luther view as being used by the Catholic Church?
What did Luther think of the Catholic Church?
What did Luther think the Catholic church had lost sight of?
What was the most important doctrine for Luther?
Who did Luther come to understand justification as entirely the work of?
When did Luther publish On the Bondage of the Will?
How did Luther view faith?
Where did Luther explain his concept of justification?
How does the just person of the Bible live according to Luther?
What was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What was Luther railing against?
How many points were the foundation for the Reformation?
Who did not reply to Luther's letter?
To where were the theses sent in December 1517?
What did Albrecht need to pay off in order to use the revenue from the indulgences?
How much money was to go to Rome?
When did Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg forward Luther's theses to Rome?
Who summoned Luther to Rome?
Who did Leo X deploy against Luther?
When did Luther say he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church?
What did historistical interpretation of Bible prophecy conclude?
What was Cajetan's original plan?
When did the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz adopt a more conciliatory approach?
What did Luther promise to do if his opponents did?
Who wanted to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum?
What verse did Luther cite in his debate with Eck?
What did Eck refer to Luther as?
When did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication?
What did the Pope say Luther must do to avoid excommunication?
How long did the Pope say he had to retract the 95 Theses?
Who attempted to broker a solution to the situation with Luther?
When was Luther excommunicated by Pope Leo X?
Who enforced the ban on the 95 Theses?
When did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms?
Who met at the Diet of Worms?
Who presided over the Diet of Worms?
Who provided safe conduct for Luther to and from the Diet of Worms?
Who presented Luther with copies of his writings?
Who was Johann Eck an assistant of?
What did Luther do about the books after he was told he was the author?
When did Luther give his response to the questions?
What was Luther's response to the second question?
What did Luther do at the end of his speech?
Who did Luther raise his arm in the traditional salute?
Who describes Luther's speech as a "world classic of epoch-making oratory"?
Michael Mullett describes Luther's speech as a world classic of what?
What did Luther refuse to do?
Who refused to recant his writings?
Where are these words found in witness accounts of the trial?
What kind of words would Luther tend to use?
Where was held to determine Luther's fate?
When was the final draft of the Edict of Worms presented?
Who presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms?
What did the edict require?
What did the Edict of Worms allow anyone to do without legal consequence?
What was planned?
Where was Luther escorted?
What did Luther call the castle at Wartburg?
What did Luther translate from Greek to German?
How did Albrecht of Mainz react to Luther's attacks?
What did Luther consider every good work to attract God's favor to be?
How can God's grace be earned?
When did Luther write to Melanchthon?
What did Luther tell Melanchthon to do to make his sins stronger?
What did Luther say does not reside in this life?
When did Luther change his focus from individual pieties to doctrines at the heart of Church practices?
What did Luther do to the idea that the mass is a sacrifice?
What did Luther believe the mass to be instead of a sacrifice?
What did he encourage?
What did Luther say monks and nuns could do without sin?
What did Luther place the foundations of the Reformation on?
When did Luther deal with prophecy?
Where was the Little Horn prophecy found?
What prophecy did Luther focus on?
What was identified as the power of the Papacy in the prophecy of 2 Thessalonians 2?
Who supported Andreas Karlstadt?
When did Andreas Karlstadt begin a radical programme of reform at Wittenberg?
What did the reforms at Wittenberg cause?
What group arrived at Wittenberg preaching about the equality of man and Christ's imminent return?
Who asked Luther to return to Wittenberg?
When did Luther return to Wittenberg?
What did Luther say he could repair the ravages of Satan by?
What did Luther do during Lent?
What were Luther's 8 Lent sermons known as?
What did Luther tell people to do?
How did Luther's intervention effect people?
Who wrote to the elector after the sixth sermon?
WhenDid Luther's intervention have an immediate effect?
What emotion did Jerome Schurf feel?
What type of people did Martin Luther's words bring back to the truth?
What did Luther restore?
What political viewpoint did Luther adopt as a result of his work to restore public order?
What prophets did Luther banish?
What did the reformers foment?
Who did Luther face a battle with after banishing the Zwickau prophets?
What was Nicholas Storch's profession?
What was the name of the 1524-25 rebellion in which many atrocities were committed in Luther's name?
When was the German Peasants' War?
What did many peasants believe Luther would do?
What did many peasants believe Luther would support an attack on?
Who did Luther remind the aggrieved to obey?
Where did Luther become enraged at the burning of monasteries?
What did Luther compare the rebels to?
How did Luther describe the violence?
Who did Luther call upon to stop the rebels?
How did Luther oppose the rebels?
What did Luther believe the rebels were doing?
Who appointed all authorities according to St. Paul?
What doctrine was founded on a reference in the Bible?
How did Luther believe the rebels deserved to die?
What did many rebels feel betrayed without?
Who defeated the rebels at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
When was the Battle of Frankenhausen?
What followed the defeat at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
Who supported Luther's Reformation?
Who did Martin Luther marry?
Where were the nuns smuggled out?
How old was Katharina von Bora when she married Martin Luther?
How old was Martin Luther when he married Katharina von Bora?
When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora?
On what date was the engagement made?
On what day was the wedding performed?
What was left out of the wedding?
When were the wedding banquet and walk to church rescheduled?
Who was the wedding officiant?
What did Luther's wedding do for clerical marriage?
What did Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on?
Why did Luther condemn vows of celibacy?
What did Luther expect daily?
What did Melanchthon call Luther's decision to marry?
Where did Luther and his wife live?
Where did Luther and his wife live?
How many children did he have?
What did Luther say he would not trade for the riches of Croesus?
What did Katharina do to earn a living?
What had proved unworkable?
What did Luther establish from 1525 to 1529?
What kind of worship service did Luther lay down?
How did Luther communicate his new faith?
What adjective describes Luther's thought?
What did Luther avoid to avoid confusing or upsetting the people?
Where did Luther focus his efforts?
What did Luther act as to churches in new territories?
Who turned to Luther for secular leadership?
Under what type of church government did Martin Brecht think the partnership with John the Steadfast led?
When did Luther publish his German Mass?
What was Luther's German mass an adaptation of?
To whom did Luther aim to reach with his German mass?
What did Luther omit from the Catholic mass?
What did Luther's change to the Catholic Mass allow?
When did Luther's visitation of Saxony begin?
L introduced the new order of worship during what?
Along with pastoral care, what standard of care did Luther assess in Saxony?
What did Luther say the common people had little knowledge of?
What did Luther think many pastors were, in addition to being unskilled?
What did Luther use to teach the basics of Christianity?
When did Luther write the Large Catechism?
Who was the Large Catechism written for?
Who would memorize the Small Catechism?
What did Luther add to the catechism to make it easier to understand?
What is one of Luther's most personal works?
What did Luther say he didn't want to collect?
What is one of Luther's personal works?
What Luther work has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching?
What religious text did Luther translate?
Which of Luther's Catechisms was most effective in teaching children?
What was Luther's larger catechism for pastors?
What language did Luther's work use to express the Apostles' Creed?
How did Luther view the Trinity?
Where does Salvation start?
When was Luther's German translation of the New Testament published?
When was the whole Bible published?
What part of the Old Testament did Luther finish in 1534?
What word did Luther insert after the word "faith" in Romans 3:28?
What did Luther say should be the justification for faith?
Where did Luther get the German variant of the Bible?
What parts of Germany did Luther's translation of the Bible reach?
Who did Luther want the Bible to be accessible to?
What did Luther want to make it easier for people to do with the Bible?
What did Luther want to remove from the German language so other people could read the Bible without hindrance?
At a time when was the Luther Bible published, what was there a rising demand for?
What did Luther's version become popular and influential for?
What did the Luther Bible make a significant contribution to?
Who did the Luther Bible's woodcuts feature?
Who translated the Luther Bible into English?
What did Luther do?
What did Luther connect?
What was Luther's tool of choice for connecting worship, school, home, and the public arena?
What instrument did Luther often accompany sung hymns?
What instrument was recreated as the national instrument of Germany in the 20th century?
What events frequently evoked Luther's hymns?
Why were Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes martyred?
What hymn did Luther write after learning of the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes?
Who translated "Ein neues Lied wir heben an" into English?
What is the English translation of "Ein neues Lied wir heben an" called?
When was the creedal hymn "Wir glauben all an einen Gott" composed?
What did Luther explain in the Small Catechism?
Where did Luther explain the Apostles' Creed?
Where did "Wir glauben all an einen Gott" originate?
Why do 20th century Lutherans rarely use "Wir glauben all"?
When was Luther's version of the Lord's Prayer created?
Where did Luther explain the Lord's Prayer?
What questions could Luther's hymn be used to examine candidates for?
How many times was the hymn revised?
What have other 16th and 20th century versions of the Lord's Prayer adopted?
When did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir"?
What Psalm did Luther write a hymnic version of?
What did Luther hope to inspire evangelical colleagues to do?
What was the first Lutheran hymnal?
What did the expanded version of "Aus tiefer Not" express?
What hymn became the main hymn for Advent?
What is the hymn "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" based on?
What hymn did Luther write for Advent?
How many hymns did Luther write on the Ten Commandments?
What became the hymn "Herr Gott, dich loben wir" known as?
What did Luther write about in the Small Catechism?
Who did Luther adopt a preexisting tune from?
What is the purpose of Psalm 67?
Which composer used "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" as a subject for his compositions?
Where was the Lutheran Reformation held?
Where were Luther's hymns included?
How many songs did Luther supply for the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch?
How many songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion did Luther supply?
How many songs are in the first choral hymnal?
What setting did Johann Walter provide for Lutheran hymns?
Who included several verses as chorales in his cantatas?
What did Johann Sebastian Bach base his cantatas on?
When was Bach writing Bach's first chorales?
When was Bach's second annual cycle?
When was Wär Gott nicht mit uns diese Zeit?
What did Luther believe a Christian's soul do after it is separated from the body in death?
What did Luther reject for the saints?
What did Luther believe happened to souls in heaven?
What did Luther think of Purgatory?
In which writings did Luther describe the saints as residing "in their graves and in heaven?"
Who observed that Luther's teachings about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from those of later Lutheran theologians?
Who was a notable Lutheran theologian after Luther?
What Lutheran theologian came to the same conclusion as Pieper about Luther's teachings on the state of the soul after death?
When was Lessing an active Lutheran theologian?
What Luther work contains a passage that says "the soul does not sleep, but wakes, and experiences visions?"
Who argued in 1765 that John Jortin misread Luther's Commentary on Genesis?
When did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread Luther's Commentary on Genesis?
Who argued that John Jortin misread Luther's words in 1867?
What interrupts a man's sleep?
When was the Marburg Colloquy?
What was Philip I's title?
What was the Marburg Colloquy meant to establish?
How many points of agreement were reached at the Marburg Colloquy?
What was an issue crucial to Luther?
What did theologians disagree on the significance of at the Last Supper?
What did Luther believe was present in the consecrated bread and wine at the Last Supper?
What did Luther call the consecrated bread and wine?
What did Luther's opponents believe God to be?
What was the atmosphere like during the debates?
When was the Augsburg Confession signed?
What paved the way for the signing in 1530 of the Augsburg Confession?
What league was formed the year after the Augsburg Confession?
Who did not sign the agreements?
Who was a leading Protestant noble?
What do some scholars think of the relationship between faith and reason?
According to Luther, what tool did he use to understand the world outside the Bible?
How did Luther think reason contributed to faith?
According to Luther, what tool did he use to understand the world outside the Bible?
Why did Luther believe faith and reason should be separate?
What did Luther write in 1523?
What did Luther lose hope in as the Reformation continued?
Who did Luther grow hostile toward in his later years?
What group did Luther attack with venom in his later years?
WhenDid Luther write Von den Juden und ihren Lügen?
How did Luther see the Turks?
Why did Luther believe the Turks were sent?
What did Luther believe God would use the Turks to do in the Biblical apocalypse?
Who did Luther believe was the antichrist?
What type of war did Luther want Germany to fight against the Turks?
What text did Luther read in 1542?
What did Luther produce after he read the Qur'an?
What religion did Luther refer to as "Mohammedanism"?
How did Luther see the Muslim faith?
What did Luther want the Qur'an to be?
What did Johannes Agricola claim that God's gospel, not God's moral law, revealed?
Who preached a sermon in which he claimed that God's gospel, not God's moral law revealed God's wrath to Christians?
According to what group did the theses say moral law belonged?
What did Luther write in response to the sermon?
What was the name of the book Luther wrote in response to the antinomians?
What is the term for the Holy Spirit using the law to work sorrow over sin in man's heart?
What does the Holy Spirit do in man's heart?
What does Luther say is the law used to work sorrow over sin?
What does removing the three letters from the Ten Commandments not do?
What does it mean to say that the church consists of?
What does the natural law of the Ten Commandments teach a Christian?
What does Luther say should be followed every day?
What is the second use of the Ten Commandments also known as?
What does Luther consider Christ's life to be?
What does Luther say should be followed every day?
What is the name of the sacrament that symbolizes the renewal of Christians?
What does Luther say will guide Christians in their passage to heaven?
What does Luther want Christians to focus on in their daily lives?
Why did Philip I want to marry his ladies-in-waiting?
What was Philip I accused of?
Who did Philip I want to marry?
What does history chiefly do with regard to Philip I?
What happened to Luther's reputation?
What did Luther's local community do to Jews prior to his arrival?
Who did Luther consider blasphemers and liars?
What did Luther believe Jews were guilty of?
What did the Jews reject?
What did Luther hope to do with the Jews in his work That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew?
What was the name of Luther's 60,000-word treatise on the Jews?
When was Vom Schem Hamphoras und vom Geschlecht Christi published?
How long before his death did Luther publish his two major works on Jews?
What did Luther refer to the Jews as?
What did Robert Michael think Luther's statement that "we are at fault for not slaying them" amounted to?
Who did Martin Luther speak out against?
Who wrote many heretical books?
What did Martin Luther say anyone who helped the Jews would be?
What did Josel want the city of Strasbourg to forbid sale of?
When did riots lead to the expulsion of Jews from several German Lutheran states?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What did Luther contribute to the development of antisemitism in Germany?
What did the Nazis use as an ideal underpinning for?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
How did the Der Stürmer describe On the Jews and their Lies?
When did seven Protestant regional church confederations agree with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge?
Whose writing was a blueprint for the policy?
Who argued that Luther's writing was a blueprint?
Who published a compendium of Luther's writings shortly after Kristallnacht?
What did he refer to as?
How do some scholars describe the Nazis' use of Luther's work?
What did Martin Brecht believe caused Luther to become one of the church fathers of anti-Semitism?
What did Luther's anti-Semitism provide material for?
When did Johannes Wallmann argue that Luther's writings against Jews were largely ignored?
What does Bainton believe Luther's position was?
What did Luther add to Christian suspicion of Judaism?
Who wrote that Luther is credited with Germanizing the Christian critique of Judaism and establishing anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture?
What did Paul Rose argue that Luther caused about Jews?
Who used Luther's publications to justify their anti-Semitic policies?
What did German Lutheran clergy and theologians during the Nazi Third Reich use to justify their anti-Semitic policies?
What do some scholars think may have caused Luther's antisemitic views?
What did he deterioriate during?
What did Edwards say Luther use for effect?
What does it mean to be a Turk?
What book did Mark U. Edwards publish in 1983?
When did Lutheran Church denominations repudiate Martin Luther's statements against Jews?
Compared to other minority groups, how did Lutherans feel about Jews?
Who wrote the book Hitler and Nazism?
What years did Professor Richard Geary write an article about who voted for the Nazis?
What happened to Luther's health from 1531 to 1546?
What scandal involving Luther's reign arose?
WhatDid Luther suffer from in 1536?
What caused Luther's ear drum to rupture?
What disease began to effect Luther in December 1544?
Why was Luther short tempered?
In what did Luther tend to be harsh?
How did Luther write?
Who overheard saying to Luther "Dear husband, you are too rude?"
How many times did Luther preach in the Market Church in Halle?
Where was Luther born?
When did Luther deliver his last sermon?
To whom was Luther's last sermon devoted?
Where did Luther want the Jews to leave?
What did Luther pray for the Jews?
Where?
What did Luther participate in when he traveled to Mansfeld?
When did Luther first travel to Mansfeld?
When was the third visit to Mansfeld?
Who was Luther concerned for?
When were the negotiations concluded?
What happened to Luther after 8 a.m.?
What Psalm describes the dying prayer?
What is the common meaning of the psalm "Into your hand I commit my spirit"?
AtAt what hour did Luther wake up with chest pains?
What caused Martin Luther to lose his speech?
When did Martin Luther die?
When did Martin Luther die?
Where was Martin buried?
Who held the funeral for Martin Luther?
What was written on the piece of paper found by Luther?
In what language was Luther's last statement written?
What was the only language Luther wrote his last statement in?
What size was Luther in the 1530s and 1540s?
What were the images of Luther in contrast to?
How was Luther portrayed compared to other German princes?
What type of life was depicted as ascetic in medieval woodcuts?
When were large images of Luther used to spread Protestantism?
On what date is Luther commemorated in the Lutheran Calendar?
Where is Luther commemorated on 18 February?
When is Luther commemorated in the Church of England's Calendar of Saints?
In which church is Luther commemorated on 31 October?
What is commemorated on 18 February in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints?
What is another name for Southern California?
How many counties does it encompass?
What is Southern California a major what for the state of California and the U.S.?
What is it based on?
What is the more extensive 10-county definition of SoCal based on?
What is one of the 11 megaregions of the US?
How many megaregions are there?
The greater Southern California Megaregion extends east into Las Vegas and what other state?
What border does the greater Southern California Megaregion extend across?
Where does the greater Southern California Megaregion extend south to?
Along which coast does Southern California stretch?
How many metropolitan areas make up Southern California?
How many people live in the Los Angeles metro area?
Where are 3 million people living?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area?
What river is on the border of Arizona?
What Desert is to the east of the Colorado River?
What desert is at the border of Nevada?
What is to the south of the Grand Tetons?
Los Angeles is the most populous city in what state?
What is the population of Los Angeles?
What is the most populous city in California?
What is the second most populous city in the state?
In which direction is San Diego located in California?
What is the most populous county in the state?
Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties are among the top 15 most populous counties in what country?
Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, Riverside, and San Bernardino are 5 of the top what in California?
How many of California's counties rank in terms of population in the U.S.?
Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, Riverside, and San Bernardino are 5 of the top what in California?
What district is associated with the motion picture industry?
Where are the Walt Disney Company headquartered?
What company owns ABC?
Along with the motion picture, television and music industries, what industry is centered in Los Angeles?
UniversalWarner Brothers and what other major record company are based in southern California?
What popular sport do professional snowboarders like Tony Hawk compete in?
What professional skateboarder calls Southern California home?
What professional snowboarder lives in Southern California?
What is the only island in the world with more famous surf breaks than Southern California?
What is one of yachting's premier events?
What desert city is popular for its resort feel?
What do many tourists visit the southern California coast for?
What part of the California coast is popular for its beaches?
What is Palm Springs popular for besides its resort feel?
What is the latitude of California's north-south midway point?
How many miles south of San Jose is California's north-south midway point?
How many counties does southern California encompass?
What mountains are considered to be the northern boundary of southern California?
Which boundary does the Tehachapi Mountains form on the border of southern California?
Which country ruled California before the United States?
What is the name of the region between Monterey and Los Angeles?
What is the name of the town in the upper part of Alta California?
Which Compromise of 1850 prevented California from becoming its own separate slave state?
What did the Compromise of 1850 make California?
WhyDid Californios have enough money to support a separate state?
Where were the pro-slavery southerners located in southern California?
How many times did cow counties in southern California try to achieve statehood?
What percentage of voters approved the Pico Act of 1859?
Who was a strong advocate for California's secession proposal in D.C.?
What newspaper first defined southern California in 1900?
When did the Los Angeles Times first define southern California?
In what year was Imperial added to the Los Angeles Times list of counties?
What was the newest county added to the Los Angeles Times in 1999?
How many counties did the Los Angeles Times originally define southern California as?
Who most commonly divides California?
What is the name of the AAA Auto Club in California?
What is the alternative to dividing the state into two regions?
What geographical phrase splits the southern region of California off at the crest of the transverse range?
Which region of California would the desert portions of north Los Angeles County and eastern Kern be included in?
Where does Southern California rank among US megalopolises?
What area of Southern California has been left undeveloped?
What type of community is much of southern California famous for?
Along with automobiles, what is Southern California famous for?
What type of region is San Diego-Tijuana?
What military installation is the main barrier to continued urbanization on Interstate 5?
Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection to the San Diego metro area as they do to what other area?
Who considers the Riverside-San Bernardino area as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County?
Many commute to Los Angeles County and what other county?
When were most of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties developed?
What is the general climate of Southern California?
What is the weather like in the Mediterranean climate?
In the middle of the chilliest part of the year, what are the temperatures in Southern California?
How often does snow fall in the southwest?
What is the typical winter temperature in Southern California?
What ocean do the islands of Southern California cover?
How diverse is it compared to other states?
AlongIn addition to geologic and ecosystem landscapes, what other diverse landscape makes up Southern California?
What are the peaks of the Transverse Ranges?
What are the interior portions of Southern California called?
How many earthquakes does the area have each year?
How big are most of them?
What was the magnitude of the 1994 Northridge earthquake?
What did the 1994 Northridge earthquake cause the most of in US history?
How much did the damage of the 1994 Northridge earthquake cost?
What is the name of the fault that can produce a magnitude 8.0 earthquake?
What is the maximum magnitude of an earthquake that the San Andreas Fault can produce?
What is the name of the other major fault in California?
What organization has released a California earthquake forecast?
What does the USGS model in their earthquake forecast?
Along with culturally, politically and culturally, what else is Southern California divided into?
What kind of recognition does a city usually have in Southern California?
Along with culturally, politically and culturally, what else is Southern California divided into regions of?
In which year was the most recent United States Census?
What is Southern California known for?
What was the state average population growth in the 2000s?
What type of economy is in the Bay Area?
What region is still growing in Southern California?
What are the other eight metropolitan areas in Southern California called?
How many metropolitan areas in Southern California have populations greater than 5 million?
What is the population of the largest metropolitan areas in Southern California?
What is the name of the region that includes El Centro and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area?
What is the largest city in all of California?
How many people live in San Diego?
How many cities in Southern California have populations greater than 200,000?
What is the minimum size of a city in southern California?
What is the largest city in Southern California that is not near the coast?
What does Southern California's economy heavily rely on?
What industry is Southern California famous for?
What was the region a leader in during 2001-2007?
What type of economy does Southern California have?
How has the housing crash effected the region?
Motion pictures have been a major industry since what decade?
How does the US's agricultural region compare to?
What was a major industry in the rich agricultural regions of the US before farmlands were turned into suburbs?
Along with citrus, what was a major industry in the rich agricultural region of the U.S.?
What industry continues to be a major factor in the region?
Southern California is home to many major what districts?
Downtown Los Angeles and Downtown San Diego are considered what type of districts?
What is another Central business district in Southern California?
What type of district is Downtown Burbank?
Where are the major business districts of Downtown Burbank?
Where is Warner Center located?
Downtown Burbank is located in what large metropolitan area?
What type of district is Hospitality Business/Financial Centre?
In what city is University Town located?
What is the name of the business district in Downtown San Bernardino?
What county is Downtown Santa Ana located in?
Where are international corporations headquartered in Orange County?
Where is the Jamboree Business Parks?
What is the name of the district that includes Downtown Santa Ana?
Is Orange County a rapidly or slowly developing business center?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
Where are most of the business districts located?
What region of San Diego are some of these business districts located in?
Where are Carmel Valley and Rancho Bernardo located?
What is the second busiest airport in the US?
What is the second busiest airport in the US by?
Where does Los Angeles International rank by international passenger volume?
What is the busiest single runway airport in the world?
What is the world's busiest general aviation airport?
What is the name of the commuter rail system in Los Angeles?
How many lines does Metrolink have?
How many lines does Metrolink have?
Along with San Diego, Riverside, and San Bernardino, what county does Metrolink connect to?
What is the busiest commercial port in the United States?
What is the largest container port in the San Diego area?
What part of California is home to the Port of Los Angeles?
What has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base?
What type of world-renowned universities are located on the Tech Coast?
Chapman University is an example of what type of institution?
How many University of California campuses are in the Tech Coast?
How many California State University campuses are in the Tech Coast?
The Los Angeles Rams belong to what sports league?
The Los Angeles Lakers belong to what league?
What sport do the Los Angeles Dodgers belong to?
What is the name of the NHL team in Southern California?
What Major League Soccer team is based in Los Angeles?
Which team was suspended after the 2014 season?
How many teams did Los Angeles have from 2005 to 2014?
When were Chivas USA suspended?
Where did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play?
When is the second LA team scheduled to return?
What type of sports are popular in Southern California?
What is the name of the famous basketball team in Southern California?
What is the nickname of the University of Southern California?
In which conference are the UCLA Bruins and USC Trojans members?
What division do the UCLA Bruins and USC Trojans belong to?
What sport is becoming more popular in Southern California?
AtLarger numbers of schools are making rugby an official sport at what level?
What is rugby becoming in more schools in Southern California?
What was the name of the UK's largest digital subscription television company?
What was the name of the UK's largest digital subscription television company?
In what year did BSkyB acquire Sky Italia?
What was the new name given to BSkyB after its 2014 acquisition of Sky Italia?
What was the new name of Sky's UK operation?
In which year was Setanta Sports awarded two Premier League packages?
How many Premier League packages did the English FA offer in 2006?
Which broadcaster bid £4.2bn for a package of 120 premier league games in February 2015?
How much did Sky pay for the remaining four Premier League rights?
What consortium was BSkyB excluded from being a part of?
What is the name of ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement?
How many channels were available on Freeview prior to October 2005?
Which channel replaced Sky Travel on Freeview?
Sky Three was renamed to what in 2011?
What did BSkyB initially charge additional subscription fees for using with their service?
When did Sky launch their advertising campaign targeting women with the Sky+ PVR?
How much does it cost to enable Sky+ functions?
When did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box?
What was the name of the new Sky+ PVR that was introduced in 2010?
What pay-TV scrambling system does BSkyB use?
Who owns the VideoGuard pay-TV system?
What company owns the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system?
Who has design authority over all digital satellite receivers capable of receiving their service?
What is the name of the Personal video recorder offered by BSkyB?
What channels were removed from Virgin Media after they failed to renew their carriage agreements with NTL and Telewest?
In what year did BSkyB and Virgin Media become involved in a dispute?
What did Virgin Media claim that BSkyB had done to their channels?
What content did Virgin Media claim was not previously available on cable TV?
What type of channels did Virgin Media claim were included in the new carriage contract?
When did the High Court of Justice rule on this infringement?
In what year did the English High Court of Justice decide that Microsoft infringed on Sky's trademark?
What did Microsoft rename SkyDrive to in January 2014?
What did Microsoft rename SkyDrive Pro to?
What kind of service was SkyDrive?
Who was the chief executive officer of Sky in 1993?
On which of Sky's satellites did the channels formerly available free to air broadcast?
When did BSkyB analogue service shut down?
What platform replaced BSkyB's analogue service?
By mid 1994 how many households had subscribed to BSkyB?
What was the former name of Sky UK Limited?
What kind of company is Sky UK Limited?
How many paying customers does Sky have?
What was the UK's most popular digital TV service until 2007?
What is the name of the broadband router included in the Sky Q range?
Sky Q Mini set top boxes connect to what other set top box?
What can Sky Q Mini set top boxes do with other media?
When will the Sky Q set top boxes be available?
When will the Sky Q set top boxes be available?
What format are Sky Movies and Sky Box Office broadcast in?
Sky Movies and Sky Box Office feature what soundtracks?
What format is Sky+ HD broadcast using?
Sky's Interactive services and 7 day EPG use what proprietary system?
What standard does most of Sky+ HD use?
When was Sky Digital launched?
What was the name of the satellite that Sky Digital used when it launched in 1998?
What was the name of the second satellite that Sky used after the Astra 2A?
How many channels could Sky Digital be able to carry?
Where was the Astra 2A satellite located?
When did Sky+ HD launch?
How many people had registered to receive the HD service before launch?
What company manufactured the Sky+ HD STB?
How many customers were still waiting to receive their Sky+ HD service after the launch?
What was the total number of homes with Sky+HD by March 2012?
When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels?
When did Setanta Sports launch as a subscription service on the digital terrestrial platform?
On what platform did Setanta Sports launch in March as a subscription service?
What did NTL change its name to?
What is one sport that would be featured on the new subscription channels?
What is the term for broadcasts that do not require a monthly subscription?
What do some encrypted broadcasts not require?
What type of equipment is required to view encrypted content?
What band is the universal LNB?
What service is the VideoGuard UK equipped receiver dedicated to?
In which year were talks held for broadcast rights for the Premier League?
Who was the current rights holder?
What was ITV's increased bid for Premier League broadcasting rights in 1991?
Who did BSkyB partner with to make a counter bid to ITV's bid?
How much did BSkyB pay for Premier League rights?
What organization holds the operating license of BSkyB?
What is the range of fees for access to BSkyB's EPG?
Does BSkyB have any veto over the presence of channels on their EPG?
Does BSkyB have any control over a channel's content or carriage issues?
Does BSkyB have any control over a channel's content or carriage issues?
When was BSkyB's digital service officially launched?
What was the name of BSkyB's digital service when it launched?
What was the name of Open after it was renamed?
What was the name of the terrestrial broadcaster that competed with Sky Digital?
How many digiboxes were sold in the first 30 days?
When was Virgin Media re-branded?
What company was re-branded in 2007?
What service did Virgin Media use to carry limited HD content?
What was Virgin Media's only linear HD channel from 2006 to 2009?
What channel did Virgin Media have the option to carry in the future?
How many homes did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service reach in 2010?
What was the estimated audience of BSkyB's direct-to-home service in the UK?
When was the target of reaching 36% of UK households first announced?
What percentage of UK households did BSkyB's direct-to-home service reach in 2010?
What happened to subscriber numbers elsewhere in Europe?
What was the name of the proposed program that would allow benefits to be used to buy "essentials"?
What would the "Welfare Cash Card" be able to buy?
What did the UK Parliament claim that a SkyB subscription was?
What did the benefits agency start checking in 2012?
What would a Sky TV subscription supposedly betray about a single mother living at home?
What is the annual carriage fee for the channels?
Is it known if the new carriage contract will include additional Video On Demand and High Definition content?
BSkyB terminated High Court proceedings against which other company?
Who previously offered Video On Demand and High Definition content?
What type of channels did BSkyB and Virgin Media agree to terminate High Court proceedings against each other over?
Is the economy of Victoria highly diversified or diversified?
Where does Victoria's total gross state product rank in Australia?
Where does Victoria rank in terms of GSP per capita?
Which city is referred to as the "sporting capital of Australia"?
What is the largest stadium in Australia?
Where is the legacy of Chinese miners particularly strong?
Where were the Lambing Flat riots?
Where did a riot occur in 1857?
How many miners died from typhoid at Buckland Valley in 1854?
What were the conditions on the gold fields?
Under what new representation system were the Victorian Legislative Council elections held in 2006?
How many electorates is the State of Victoria divided into?
How many representatives does each electorate have?
How long is the term for lower house members?
How often are elections for Victorian Parliament held?
Which party is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs?
Which party lies in Melbourne's more affluent eastern and outer suburbs?
Which party is strongest in Melbourne's North Western and Eastern rural areas?
Who won their first lower house seats in 2014?
Which party is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs?
What percentage of Victorians describe themselves as Christian?
What percentage of Victorians are Roman Catholics?
What is the state's largest non-Christian religion?
How many members does Buddhism have?
What percentage of Victorians claim no religion?
In which direction is Victoria located in Australia?
How does Victoria compare in population to other Australian states?
Where does Melbourne rank in terms of population?
What is Australia's second largest city?
Where does Melbourne rank in terms of size in comparison to other cities in Australia?
What were the Aboriginal peoples that lived in the area now constituting Victoria known as before European settlement?
When did Great Britain claim the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian?
Victoria was included in the wider colony of which state?
Where was the first settlement in the area?
In what year did the first settlement in the area occur?
How much of Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of Victorian farmland is sown for wheat?
How much of Victorian farmland is sown for hay?
What percentage of Australian pears do Victorian farms produce?
How many tonnes of tomatoes were produced in Victoria last year?
When was Victoria's written constitution enacted?
What was Victoria's written constitution based on?
Who can amend the Victorian Constitution?
What type of provisions require an absolute majority in both houses to be amended in Victoria?
What was the 1855 colonial constitution passed by the UK Parliament called?
The Mallee and upper Wimmera are Victoria's what?
What is the average summer high temperature in Melbourne?
What is the average winter temperature in Melbourne?
What was the highest maximum temperature recorded in Hopetoun during a heat wave?
In what year did the southeastern Australia heat wave occur?
What are public schools also known as?
Who runs public schools in Victoria?
What are included in the cost of public school fees?
Who runs private fee-paying schools in Victoria?
What standards must all private schools comply with?
What has Victoria historically been the base for manufacturing plants of?
What year did Toyota announce it would be closing its plant in Victoria?
When did Holden announce it was closing its Melbourne plant?
When will Ford's Geelong and Broadmeadows plants close?
Which car brand closed its plant in Geelong in 2016?
How high do Victorian alpine areas rise?
Which is the highest peak in Victoria?
How tall is Mount Bogong?
What is most notable in Victoria?
What is the state bird of Victoria?
Which part of Victoria is the coldest?
Which mountain system extends east-west through the centre of Victoria?
Which direction do the Great Dividing Range mountain system extend through the centre of Victoria?
What is the lowest temperature recorded in the Victorian Alps?
What is the lowest recorded temperature in Victoria?
Over what type of lines do private and public railway operators operate in Victoria?
Which major operator runs an extensive, electrified, passenger system throughout Melbourne and suburbs?
Who owns V/Line?
What does Pacific National, CFCL Australia operate?
Metro Trains Melbourne provides what type of system throughout Melbourne and suburbs?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian House of Representatives?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate?
What is the name of the lower house of the Parliament of Victoria?
What is the upper house of the Parliament of Victoria called?
Who is the Governor of Victoria?
On what date were writs issued for the election of the first Victorian Legislative Council?
In what year was gold discovered near Ballarat?
What was the largest event the world has ever seen in Victoria?
How much did the population of Victoria increase in 10 years?
How much gold did Victoria produce from 1851-1860?
How many public schools were in Victoria as of August 2010?
How many Catholic schools were in Victoria as of August 2010?
How many students were enrolled in public schools in Victoria in 2010?
How many full time teachers does Victoria have?
What percentage of private students attend Catholic schools?
Which state is the centre of dairy farming in Australia?
How many dairy cattle does Victoria have?
What percentage of Australia's dairy cattle is produced in Victoria?
How much of the nation's milk does Victoria produce?
Where is most abalone and rock lobster exported to?
What is the broad gauge of Victorian lines?
What is the standard gauge of interstate trunk routes in Western Australia?
Two tourist railways operate over what gauge narrow gauge lines?
Where were the former government railways built?
How many former government-owned lines were built in mountainous areas?
When was the colony of New South Wales founded?
What was the eastern half of Australia called in 1788?
What was the western half of Australia named?
Where was the colonial government of New Holland located?
In what year did the Eureka Stockade occur?
Who crushed the Rebellion?
What was the name given to the armed rebellion by miners protesting mining taxes?
What did colonial authorities reduce in response to the rebellion?
What act gave Victoria responsible government?
What does the Premier of Victoria's political party or coalition have to have in order to be elected?
Who is the public face of Victoria's government?
Who makes up the Cabinet in Victoria?
Who is the current Premier of Victoria?
How are members of the Cabinet chosen?
What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production during 2003-04?
By what percentage did Victorian agricultural production increase from 2003-04 to $8.7 billion?
How many farms occupied approximately 136,000 square kilometres of Victorian land in 2004?
As of 2004, how much of Victorian land was under cultivation?
How much of the state's total land surface?
Major events play a big part in what in Victoria?
Along with cultural tourism, what type of tourism plays a big part in Victoria?
Where are most major events in Victoria centred on?
Where do some major events occur?
What popular festival takes place at Bells Beach?
Where were Huguenots concentrated?
How many French Catholics did the Huguenots outnumber?
When were the Wars of Religion fought?
What ended the Wars of Religion?
What did the Edict of Nantes do?
Where was the term Huguenot originally used?
Where was John Calvin's adopted home?
What Swiss politician may have been a combined reference to Huguenot?
What was the name of the plot in 1560 that was a foiled attempt to wrest power in France from the House of Guise?
When was the Amboise plot?
What was important to the spread of the Protestant movement in France?
When was a French version of the Bible created?
Who prepared a French version of the Bible around 1294?
When was the French version of the Bible printed?
Where was Jean de Rély's illustrated folio paraphrase printed?
Montpellier was among the most important of what?
What was among the most important of the 66 "villes de sûreté"?
What decree ended Protestant rule in Montpellier?
In what year did the siege of Montpellier occur?
When was the Edict of Alès passed?
Where did individual Huguenots settle?
Where did Maria de la Queillerie settle?
Who was the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope?
What company had a post at the Cape of Good Hope when the first Huguenots arrived?
When did the last group of Huguenots arrive at Cape Town?
When did the Huguenots sail to North America?
Who led the Huguenots to North America?
What was the name of the French church that the Huguenots established in New Amsterdam?
What is the name of the Huguenot church in New Haven?
In what neighborhood is Bushwick now located?
Where did several Huguenot families immigrate to?
Who bought the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations from?
Where was Rev. Elie Prioleau from?
In what year did Huguenots petition the British Crown for the right to own land in the Baronies?
Where did many Huguenots settle?
Who became King of England?
What position did William III of Orange later hold?
What was the name of the coalition formed by William III of Orange?
What country was the most attractive country for Huguenots to flee to after the revocation of Nantes?
In what year did the French attack the Dutch Republic?
What decree forced the Huguenots to convert?
When was the Edict of Fontainebleau issued?
Who issued the Edict of Fontainebleau?
About how many Huguenots fled France by the early 18th century?
What church opposed the Huguenots?
What was the height of the persecution of the Huguenots?
How many were killed in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
What did the Huguenots use to retaliate against the French Catholics?
What was the political reason for the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
When did the Huguenot rebellions happen?
Where did the Huguenot rebellions mainly occur?
Who was a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism?
Who succeeded Henry IV?
What were the three small civil wars known as?
Approximately how many Protestants live in modern France?
What percentage of the French population are Protestants?
Where are most Huguenots concentrated in northeast France?
What region in the south of France still considers itself a Huguenot to this day?
Where is the Huguenot Society of Australia located?
What was the name of the town that Huguenot immigrants settled in?
Where is the oldest street in the US?
Where is the oldest street in the US?
What does the "Huguenot Street Historic District" contain?
On which New York Island did a small group of Huguenots settle?
Which country received the largest group of Huguenot refugees after the revocation of Nantes?
How many Huguenot refugees came to the Dutch Republic?
What was the entire population of the Dutch Republic in 1715?
What areas were the first to give full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants?
What caused the largest group of Huguenot refugees to arrive in the Netherlands?
Where did the prétendus reformés congregate?
What gate of King Hugo was said to be haunted by le roi Huguet?
Who was said to haunt Huguon?
What does it mean when someone says they've reformed?
At what time did the reformed gather in Tours?
What's the name of the town where evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots lived?
What was the site of a weaving school from the late 16th century to about 1830?
What was the condition of the refugees' acceptance in Canterbury?
Where did the refugees settle?
What has the Weavers been turned into?
Where is French Church Street located?
Where did a number of Huguenots serve as mayors in Ireland?
In what city is D'Olier Street located?
Who was D'Olier Street named after?
When was the French church in Portarlington built?
What did the departure of Huguenots from France cause?
Where did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle?
What group did the French crown refuse to allow to settle in New France?
The French and Indian War was the North American front of what war?
When did the British defeat New France?
Who issued the Edict of Nantes?
In what year was the warfare definitively quelled?
What did the Edict of Nantes do for Protestants under the throne?
What did the Edict of Nantes discourage in Catholic controlled regions?
What religion did Henry of Navarre renounce in favor of Roman Catholicism?
What did the revocation of Protestant services require?
What did the revocation of the Huguenots' rights do?
How many Huguenots emigrated to the North American colonies?
What were Huguenots who stayed in France and converted to Catholicism called?
Where did many of the Huguenots go?
Where did the first Huguenots flee to escape persecution?
When did the French colonisers arrive in Brazil?
Where did the French colonisers hope to found in Brazil?
When was Fort Coligny destroyed by the Portuguese?
What was the name of the first Protestant confession of faith in the Americas?
What language do many families in South Africa speak today?
What industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots?
Where in South Africa do many farms still bear French names?
What do many Afrikaans speaking families have that indicate their French Huguenot ancestry?
What famous American founding father was descended from Huguenot refugees?
Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina?
Where is the last Huguenot congregation in North America?
What church does the Huguenot Society of America maintain in Virginia?
What state has the largest chapter of the Huguenot Society?
What industry did some Huguenots settle in Bedfordshire to work in?
What is the name of the style of lace that was influenced by Huguenots?
How many widows settled in Dover?
When did Mechlin lace develop?
What two new neighbourhoods did the Huguenots create in Berlin?
By 1700 what percentage of Berlin's population spoke French?
Why did the Berlin Huguenots switch to German?
In what years did the Huguenots switch to German?
Where were congregations of the Huguenots founded?
Where did the Huguenots settle?
Where did Huguenots remain in large numbers in France?
What group rioted against the Catholic Church in the 18th century?
Who did the Camisards riot against?
Between what years did French troops destroy the Camisards?
What city is now in what present-day Florida city?
Who was the leader of the Norman Huguenots who established Fort Caroline?
What was the name of the settlement that was founded by the Norman Huguenots in 1564?
Who defeated the French at Fort Caroline?
In what year did the French naval attack on St. Augustine fail?
What was the name of the outpost Ribault found on Parris Island, South Carolina?
Where was Charlesfort founded?
Who established the settlement of St. Augustine near Fort Caroline?
When did Ribault lead an expedition to explore Florida?
What prevented Ribault's return voyage to North America?
Where did the French Huguenots settle?
Where did the English Crown promise them land grants?
Where did the French Huguenots settle?
How many original settlers were there at Manakin Town?
When did the Virginia General Assembly pass an act to naturalize the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown?
During what years did the Dutch Revolt occur?
Which country did Huguenots fight alongside the Dutch against?
What was the name of William the Silent's condemnation of the Spanish Inquisition?
Who was the leader of the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule?
What was the religious affiliation of William the Silent?
What act was passed in 1708 that caused many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots to flee to England?
When was the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act passed?
How many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England?
Who was a leading Huguenot theologian and writer?
What Catholic doctrine did Lortie criticize during mass?
What war did Huguenot regiments fight in Ireland for William of Orange?
Who did the Huguenot regiments fight for?
Where were significant Huguenot settlements located?
Killeshandra in County Cavan contributed to the expansion of what industry?
What industry did the Huguenots help grow in Ireland?
Who arranged with Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbrücken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland?
Who did Prince Louis de Condé arrange with to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland?
What type of work did the Condés create that provided wealth to the principality?
When did some members of the Huguenot community emigrate to the United States?
When was the Huguenot community established in present day Saarland?
Where did the Huguenot emigrate to?
What religion did many Huguenot emigrate to?
Where were they allowed to worship freely?
Where did the Huguenot emigrate to?
What happened to the Huguenot in Quebec?
Who reigned long before the Reformation?
What theory suggests that the name Hugo was derived by association with Hugues Capet?
Who is a supporter of the Hugues hypothesis?
What does Janet Gray suggest the name Huguenote roughly translate to?
What do some people disagree with about the origins of the word Hugo?
Who published a French translation of the New Testament in 1523?
Where was Jacques Lefevre a professor?
When was the whole Bible published in the French language?
Who was a student of Jacques Lefevre?
Who was another student at the University of Paris who converted to Protestantism?
When was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
Who killed thousands of Huguenots?
How many Protestants were slaughtered in Toulouse?
When was an amnesty granted for the perpetrators?
How many Protestants were killed in Paris by 17 September?
Who took the throne in 1643?
What did Louis XIV do when he gained the throne?
How did Louis XIV try to convert the Huguenots?
What did Louis XIV do to Huguenot schools?
What was the name of the invasion of Huguenot homes by military troops?
In which county is New Rochelle located?
Where did the Huguenots land?
Who did the Huguenots purchase land from?
What was New Rochelle named after?
What was the name of the third church built for the Huguenots?
What did most of the Huguenot congregations in North America eventually do?
What did the Huguenots do that led to their assimilation?
Who was a former student of Lavoisier?
How long did many descendants of the Huguenots continue to use French first names and surnames?
What did E.I. du Pont found?
Who was one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands?
Where did Pierre Bayle teach?
What was the name of Pierre Bayle's masterpiece?
Where is Pierre Bayle's work, Historical and Critical Dictionary, housed?
What is the name of a Huguenot patron?
What was established by Royal Charter in 1550?
In what year was the French Protestant Church of London established?
Where is the French Protestant Church of London located?
Where did Huguenot refugees flock to London?
In what year was the Black Eagle Brewery founded?
Where did Huguenots find refuge?
Where did Huguenots find refuge?
What document gave Huguenots special privileges in Prussia?
What titles did Frederick William hold?
How did the Huguenots help Frederick William's army?
Who invited Huguenots to settle in his realms?
What famous poet was a Huguenot?
Which German Luftwaffe general and fighter ace was descended from Huguenots?
Who was the last Prime Minister of the East German Democratic Republic?
Thomas de Maizière is a descendant of which Huguenot family?
Along with nuclear power and geothermal energy, what non-combustion heat source can be used in a steam engine?
What is the ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze the steam engine?
In the Rankine cycle, water is heated and transformed into what?
At what pressure is the boiler operating in the Rankine cycle?
What type of engine is a steam engine?
What did Thomas Newcomen invent?
Who invented the atmospheric engine?
In what year was the atmospheric engine invented?
What was the atmospheric engine an improvement over?
Whose idea was it to use a piston in a steam pump?
Where was the first full-scale steam locomotive built?
On what date did the world's first railway journey take place?
Where did Trevithick's locomotive travel to in south Wales?
In what country was the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built?
In what direction did the train travel?
What feature of a Rankine cycle engine is used to recycle or top up the boiler water?
What type of water pump do industrial boilers use?
When did injectors become popular?
In what type of vehicles are injectors still used?
What does an injector supply?
How many expansion stages are in a triple or quadruple expansion engine?
What is another name for a multiple expansion engine?
In what century was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system used?
What type of engines used the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system?
What is an example of a large passenger liner class?
What was the name of a valve gear that had separate admission and exhaust valves driven by trip mechanisms?
Along with the Stephenson and Walschaerts motions, what is a notable simpler valve movement?
What is the usual compromise solution to the issue of overlapping the port on the admission side?
What may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox?
What happens to lead if the water level drops?
In the smallest of boilers, what does not dampen a fire?
What do operators do when the water level drops?
In the smallest of boilers, steam escape has little effect on what?
Who patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion?
What type of motion did James Watt's patented steam engine produce?
How many horsepower did Watt's engine produce?
ByWhen could engines that could provide 10,000 hp become feasible?
The stationary steam engine was a key component of what revolution?
In what century was the earliest recorded steam engine?
Who described the first known steam engine?
What nationality was Hero of Alexandria?
Who described a rudimentary steam turbine in 1629?
In what year did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont receive patents for fifty steam powered inventions?
What type of engines were first used at the end of the 19th century?
What was the name of the stages used to increase efficiency in compound engines?
What industry was important to reduce the weight of coal carried?
Along with electric motors, what type of engines replaced reciprocating engines in the 20th century?
What did ships need to carry?
What currently provides most electric power in the US?
In what part of the 19th century were steam turbines first used?
At what output are steam turbines more efficient than reciprocating piston type engines?
In the United States, what percentage of electric power is produced by steam turbines?
In what type of generating stations are steam turbines most often used?
What does it usually consist of?
Along with the firebox, what is a closed space in a steam engine called?
What type of energy can be used to heat water?
What type of heat source can be used in a model or toy steam engine?
What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines?
Early versions of the steam engine indicator were used by what year?
Who was the inventor and manufacturer of the steam engine indicator?
Who developed the most successful indicator?
Where was the most successful indicator displayed in 1862?
At what angle are the LP cranks set in a two-cylinder compound?
When are the pistons in a compound set at what angle?
At what angle are the LP cranks set in a two-cylinder compound?
What is it called when steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke?
How many piston strokes does a complete engine cycle have?
How many revolutions does a complete engine cycle take?
How many events does a reciprocating piston engine have?
Along with admission, exhaust and compression, what is the other event in the reciprocating piston engine cycle?
What is a uniflow rotary steam engine where steam intakes in hot areas while exhausting in cold areas?
What cycle do uniflow engines attempt to correct?
What part of the uniflow engine is uncovered at the end of each stroke?
What type of steam engine does not require valves?
What is another name for a pivot mounting?
Along with toys, what is an oscillating cylinder steam engine often used for?
Where is compactness most valued?
What happens to the working fluid in a closed loop system?
What is the name of the system where exhaust steam is directly released to the atmosphere?
What is the working fluid in a mercury vapor turbine?
What is the preferred fluid in an open loop system?
What limits the efficiency of a Rankine cycle?
At what temperature is the creep limit of stainless steel?
What is the creep limit of?
What is the Carnot efficiency of a Rankine cycle?
What is the condenser temperature in a steam turbine?
What was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution?
Along with railway locomotives, ships and road vehicles, what was once powered by steam?
What was a steam powered automobile?
In addition to mills and mines, where did steam engines drive machinery?
What did the use of steam engines in agriculture lead to?
What was the name of Trevorithick's locomotive built in 1808?
Who built the Salamanca?
What type of engine was the Salamanca?
What was the Salamanca used for?
What was the name of the first public steam railway in the world?
Who invented the Woolf compound engine?
What nationality was Arthur Woolf?
What can be reduced by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders?
What is the size of the bore and stroke in low-pressure cylinders?
In 19th century about how much of the world's electric production was steam turbines?
What type of engine is less efficient than a steam turbine?
What type of engine has almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion for marine applications?
In the 1990s about 90% of the world's electric production was by what type of device?
What happens to the percentage of electricity produced by steam turbines?
What is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine?
What happens to waste heat in the Rankine cycle?
DuringWhen did Rankine steam cycles generate about 90% of all electric power used throughout the world?
Along with coal, nuclear power plants and solar power, what type of power plants use the Rankine cycle?
What nationality was William John Macquorn Rankine?
What is the historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency?
What was the average duty of Watt's low-pressure designs?
What was the typical duty of a Newcomen design?
How many pounds of coal must be burned to produce one bushel of duty?
Who invented the concept of duty?
What type of engine has risen in power generation?
What type of steam engine was the dominant source of power until the early 20th century?
What type of steam engine produces most worldwide electric generation?
What type of engine replaced reciprocating piston type steam engines?
Who developed the first commercial steam-powered device?
What was the first commercial steam-powered device?
In what year was the first commercial steam-powered device developed?
Who improved on the Savery engine to make it work?
Who described the improvement of the Savery engine in 1751?
Who invented the high pressure engine?
Along with Trevithick, who developed engines using high-pressure steam?
In what year did Trevithick patent his high pressure engine?
What was the primary application of the small size high pressure engine?
Technically developments and improvements in manufacturing techniques resulted in more efficient engines with what other characteristic?
What company in Sweden has made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam?
In what country is Energiprojekt AB located?
How many cylinders does Energiprojekt's engine have?
How much steam does Energiprojekt's engine use per kWh?
What percentage of efficiency does Energiprojekt's steam engine reach on high-pressure engines?
What do steam turbines in power stations use as a cold sink?
What is a dry type of cooling tower similar to?
Where is a dry type cooling tower used?
What is another name for evaporative cooling towers?
How many cubic meters of water does a 700 megawatt coal-fired power plant use every hour?
What did James Watt use on his steam engine?
Who was James Watt's partner in 1788?
What type of mill was the first to use the centrifugal governor?
What is an example of an operation that a centrifugal governor was not good for?
What could the centrifugal governor not do?
After what year was compounding almost universal for marine engines?
What type of engines was compounding not universally popular in?
WhyWas compounding popular in railway locomotives?
BritainWas compounding common or not employed after what year?
What type of engines commonly adopted compounding?
How can speed and momentum be gained by gradually?
If the exhaust event is too brief, what can happen to the compression?
If the exhaust event is too brief, the totality of the exhaust steam cannot do what?
What is the length of events on the simplest valve gears?
Who patented the first steam engine in 1606?
What nationality was Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont?
In what year was the first patent for a steam engine?
In what year did Thomas Savery patent his steam pump?
In what year was Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine first used?
What are static discs?
On what are the rotors in a steam turbine mounted?
What are stators?
Where are static discs attached to in a steam turbine?
What does RPM stand for?
How does the weight of boilers and condensers impact the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant?
In addition to internal combustion engines, what has steam been largely replaced by for mobile applications?
Most electric power is generated using what type of plant?
What movement is reviving interest in steam as a cogeneration process?
Concerns about fuel sources and what else have caused a renewed interest in steam?
What is an example of a pistonless rotary engine?
What does a Wankel engine replace in a conventional reciprocating steam engine?
What was a major problem with sealing the Wankel engine rotors to prevent wear?
When did James Watt die?
What did James Watt add to his improved version of Newcomen's engine?
How much coal did Boulton and Watt's early engines use?
Whose engine did James Watt improve on?
What part of the atmospheric engine was pushed into the partial vacuum by air pressure?
How many independent mechanisms do steam engines typically possess?
What was the safety valve traditionally attached to?
What kind of valve do modern safety valves use?
What must be broken to lock the spring-loaded safety valve?
EarlyIn addition to steam pressure, what did the driver want from the engine?
What was the name of the acme of the horizontal engine?
When was the Corliss steam engine patented?
How much less steam did the Corliss use?
How many valves did the Corliss have?
What award did Corliss win for his invention?
The Rankine cycle is an example of what type of theory?
Who discovered latent heat?
What did Watt's measurements on a model steam engine lead to?
Who discovered latent heat?
What did Joseph Black discover?
What is a major advantage of the Rankine cycle?
In what phase is the working fluid in during the compression stage of the Rankine cycle?
How much of the power does the Rankine cycle consume?
Gas turbines have entry temperatures approaching what temperature?
What pumps supply water to the boiler during operation?
What do condensers do?
What component raises the temperature of steam above its saturated vapour point?
What is the name of the supply bin?
What mechanism moves fuel from a supply bin to the firebox?
What did land-based steam engines need to do to exhaust most of their steam?
Who invented the steam turbine?
What type of warships use the steam turbine?
In addition to warships, what other type of ships were steam turbines used?
When was the HMS Dreadnought built?
What do most nuclear power plants use to generate steam?
What connects to an electrical generator?
What is the turbine in a nuclear power plant connected to?
What does it mean when steam drives a turbo generator set?
In what country were non-condensing direct-drive locomotives used for express passenger work?
What is the Rankine cycle sometimes referred to as?
Where is heat addition and rejection?
What does isobaric mean?
What is the term for the constant temperature processes in the Carnot cycle?
In what form is the working fluid received from the condenser in the Rankine cycle?
What is the atomic number for oxygen?
What is the second most abundant element in the universe?
How many atoms does it take to form dioxygen?
How much of the Earth's crust is made up of oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide?
What does dioxygen refer to?
How much of the Earth's atmosphere is diatomic oxygen gas?
What is the third most abundant element in the universe?
What is the atomic number for oxygen?
What does monitoring of atmospheric oxygen show?
What is oxygen's mass rank in the universe?
What is the atomic number for oxygen?
What group is oxygen a member of on the periodic table?
What is a notable compound that oxygen forms with most elements?
Where does oxygen rank among elements in terms of mass?
What is the colorless diatomic gas formed by two atoms of oxygen at standard temperature and pressure?
What releases oxygen?
What energy is used to produce oxygen?
What helps protect the biosphere from ultraviolet radiation?
What is the major constituent of water?
What is the major constituent of lifeforms?
What releases oxygen?
What is the major constituent of lifeforms?
What does it stand for?
Who showed that air is necessary for combustion in the late 17th century?
Who refined Boyle's work by showing that fire only required a small amount of air?
What part of air did John Mayow call spiritus?
When did John Mayow die?
Who showed that air is necessary for combustion in the late 17th century?
What part of air did John Mayow call spiritus?
When did Robert Boyle prove that air is necessary for combustion?
In addition to combustion, in what process is nitroaereus consumed?
Who refined Boyle's work by showing that fire only required a small amount of air?
Who published the paper "An Account of Further Discoveries in Air"?
What was Joseph Priestley's occupation?
What does mercuric oxide stand for?
What did Priestley focus sunlight on inside a glass tube?
What does HgO stand for?
What did Joseph Priestley name the gas he created?
When did Priestley publish his findings?
Why is Priestley usually given priority in the discovery of air?
What did Priestley notice about mice breathing Dephlogisticated Air?
Who built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
When was Philo of Byzantium a writer?
How did Philo of Byzantium correctly or incorrectly surmise that parts of air in the vessel were converted into fire?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
What element did Philo incorrectly believe the air in the vessel was converted into?
What work by Philo of Byzantium demonstrates water rising into a vessel while a candle is burning?
Who built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion?
What did Philo of Byzantium experiment with?
What is needed to trigger combustion?
What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates and dichromates are what kind of compounds?
What is the main oxidant in a combustion?
What is needed to trigger combustion?
What type of fuel is oxygen?
What does a high concentration of oxygen promote?
O is the source of most of what released in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates and dichromates are examples of what?
What did the Apollo 1 crew use in their pressurized capsule?
Steel pipes hold liquid and gaseous?
What is the normal amount of atmospheric pressure for a spacecraft?
What is required to design and manufacture of O2 systems?
What happens quickly and energetically with concentrated O2?
What is used to transfer gaseous and liquid oxygen?
What is required to design and manufacture of O2 systems?
Who died in a launch pad test?
What is the majority of the Earth's crustal rock composed of?
What is the form in which oxygen is present in the atmosphere?
What part of the Earth is mostly composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What is the form in which oxygen is present in the atmosphere?
What is composed in large part of oxides of silicon?
What part of the Earth is mostly composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What part of the Earth is mostly composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
In what type of minerals is the Earth's crust mostly composed of oxygen compounds?
What did John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis assume all elements to be?
What type of atomic ratios did Dalton believe the atoms in compounds would have?
What did Dalton believe water's formula to be?
What did Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Alexander von Humboldt show that water is formed of two volumes of?
What is the name of the rule that is now used to determine water's composition?
What was thought to be the main component of highly combustible materials like coal?
What type of substance is iron?
What didn't play a role in phlogiston theory?
What was one of the first clues that phlogiston theory was incorrect?
What happens to most common objects when they burn?
What is the chemical bond between oxygen atoms in dioxygen described as?
How many oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What is another name for sequential, low-to-high energy?
How are the oxygen atoms bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What does the covalent double bond result from the filling of?
When was oxygen discovered?
When was Joseph Priestley's work on oxygen published?
WhyWas Priestley's work first published?
Who invented the name oxygen?
What theory of combustion did Lavoisier's work on oxygen discredit?
What is the name for a configuration with two unpaired electrons and orbitals of equal energy?
What is the ground state of the O2 molecule referred to as?
What does triplet oxygen have two of?
What does triplet oxygen slow reactivity prevent?
What weakens the bond order from three to two?
What did Lavoisier use to prove that air is a mixture of two gases?
What did Lavoisier observe when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
What did Lavoisier observe when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
When was Lavoisier's book published?
What did Lavoisier find to not support the theory that air is a mixture of two gases?
What does Trioxygen absorb strongly in the UV spectrum?
What kind of oxygen is trioxygen?
What is ozone damaging to?
What does the ozone layer function as for the planet?
What spectrum does ozone absorb strongly?
What is the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth?
What is the form that is a major part of the Earth's atmosphere?
What part of the Earth's atmosphere is dioxygen?
WhyWhy is O2 used by complex forms of life?
What is the biological role of O2?
Which Scottish chemist was able to produce liquid oxygen to study?
In what year was liquid oxygen first produced?
In what year was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen developed?
What was used in the first demonstration of welding?
What element is more soluble in water than nitrogen?
What determines the solubility of oxygen in water?
How much oxygen does freshwater contain per liter?
What type of water contains about 4.95 mL of oxygen per liter?
How much more does oxygen dissolve at 0 °C than at 20 °C?
Where in the universe is oxygen?
Where does oxygen rank in terms of being the most abundant chemical element in the universe?
How much of the sun's mass is oxygen?
What is oxygen a major component of?
How is O2 produced?
In what century did scientists realize that air could be liquefied?
What did scientists use to isolate air in the 19th century?
Who was the Swiss chemist and physicist who helped to liquidize carbon dioxide?
How much liquid did Cailletet create?
When was oxygen liquidized for the first time?
What planet has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than the Earth?
What isotope does the sun have a higher proportion of than the Earth?
What crashed into the solar wind and returned a silicon wafer?
What process depleted oxygen-16 from the Sun's disk of protoplanetary material prior to the coalescence of dust grains that formed the Earth?
What planet has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than the sun?
What is the name given to several higher energy species of molecular O2?
What is singlet oxygen more reactive towards than molecular oxygen?
During what process is singlet oxygen formed in nature?
How is singlet oxygen produced in the troposphere?
What plays a major role in absorbing energy from singlet oxygen?
Who measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms?
What do scientists use the oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 ratios to determine about millions of years ago?
How much heavier is oxygen-18 than oxygen-16?
At lower global temperatures, which isotope of water evaporates at a slightly faster rate?
When does snow and rain evaporate?
At what wavelengths do oxygen's absorption bands peak?
What has it been proposed to monitor from satellites?
How can scientists measure plant health status?
On what scale is it possible to monitor the carbon cycle from satellites?
What kind of scientists have proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies to characterize plant health status from a satellite platform?
What is the magnetic character of O2 molecules in triplet form?
What is attracted to a magnet to a sufficient extent that in laboratory demonstrations a bridge of liquid oxygen may be supported against its own weight between the poles of a powerful magnet?
What happens in a molecule when it is in a magnetic field?
What gives oxygen its magnetic character?
In laboratory demonstrations, liquid oxygen can be supported between the poles of what?
What does reactive oxygen species mean?
What do reactive oxygen species do?
WhatDo plants have a hypersensitive response to?
O is toxic to what kind of organisms?
When did O2 start to accumulate in the atmosphere?
At what temperature does oxygen condense?
What color is liquid and solid O2?
What is used to produce high purity liquid O2?
What coolant is used to produce liquid oxygen?
What does it have to separate from?
Where does free oxygen occur in solution?
At what temperature does the solubility of O2 increase?
Why do polar oceans support a higher density of life?
What does eutrophication stimulate the growth of?
What is the measure that scientists use to assess water quality?
When did free oxygen gas first appear in the atmosphere?
During which eon did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities?
What formed when free oxygen was mixed with dissolved iron in the oceans?
When did free oxygen reach 10% of its present level?
When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans?
What describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth?
What kind of cycle describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth?
How many main reservoirs does the oxygen cycle have?
What releases oxygen into the atmosphere?
What gas is unusually high on Earth?
What absorbs nitrogen and delivers a gas stream that is 90% to 93% O2?
What percentage of O2 gas is produced when a stream of dry air passes through a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves?
What does it absorb?
O2 gas is obtained by what type of technologies?
How is O2 gas produced?
What is electrolyzed to produce oxygen gas?
What formulae does electrolysis of water produce?
What type of electricity must be used to produce oxygen gas?
What does electrocatalytic O2 evolution start from?
What type of catalysts can be used in chemical oxygen generators?
O has a history of what type of use?
What does oxygen supposedly have?
What do professional athletes sometimes go off field with oxygen masks to get a boost in?
What is the more likely explanation for the supposed pharmacological effect?
What type of exercise is the only one that appears to provide a performance boost?
What type of medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase partial pressure of O2?
What does it contain?
What causes gas gangrene?
What does it mean when a diver decompresses too quickly after a dive?
What is used to treat emphysema?
What part of the body does oxygen help relieve?
What is used in medicine to increase oxygen levels?
What is the main function of oxygen in the body?
What does the body not have the ability to take up?
Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements?
What does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give?
What is the written name for the mineral wüstite?
What is the surface of most metals coated with when oxidized in the presence of air?
What does the coating of oxide on the surface of metals slow?
Passengers have an emergency supply of oxygen in case of what?
What is it?
What type of reaction produces a steady stream of oxygen gas?
What is produced by the exothermic reaction?
High pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics and chemical compounds are methods used for what?
In what type of container is liquid oxygen transported?
In what state is oxygen shipped in bulk?
What is it called when it is shipped in cylinders?
Outside what institutions are tankers used to transport liquid oxygen?
What type of organic compounds contain oxygen?
What contains oxygen?
What are phenol and acetone used as in the synthesis of many different substances?
What does it mean when the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms?
Is ethyl acetate an important or minor class of organic compounds that contain oxygen?
Where is the element oxygen found?
How many common complex biomolecules contain no oxygen?
What componds with biological relevance contain the largest proportion of oxygen?
Along with fats, fatty acids, amino acids and amino acids, what type of molecule contains oxygen?
Where can you find calcium phosphate and hydroxylapatite?
What can also occur in deep scuba diving and surface supplied diving?
What does prolonged breathing of an air mixture with an O2 partial pressure cause?
Exposure to a partial pressure greater than what will normally result in convulsions for divers?
What is the most feared effect for divers?
What does acute oxygen toxicity cause?
Why does breathing pure O2 in space not cause damage?
What is the normal amount of O2 partial pressure in a spacesuit?
How many times normal is 30 kPa?
What does breathing pure O2 in space cause?
How does the O2 partial pressure in an astronaut's arterial blood compare to sea-level pressure?
When can oxygen gas become toxic?
AtAt what partial pressure does oxygen toxicity usually occur?
At least 50kPa what is the composition of oxygen gas?
What machines are patients on that might be more susceptible to oxygen gas toxicity?
What percentage of oxygen is typically supplied through oxygen masks in medical applications?
When did the 1973 oil crisis begin?
How much had the price of oil risen globally by the end of the embargo?
When did the second oil crisis occur?
What was the first oil crisis called?
What does OAPEC stand for?
Why did Europe and Japan distance themselves from US foreign policy?
How did the Nixon administration address the issue of Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula?
When did Henry Kissinger negotiate an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula?
When did Arab oil producers lift the embargo?
When did the US leave the Bretton Woods Accord?
What happened to the value of the dollar after the US left the Gold Exchange Standard?
What did industrialized nations do when they realized that currency values would fluctuate?
When did OPEC agree to price oil in terms of gold?
Why did the devaluation of the dollar happen?
How much did the price of oil change from 1947 to 1967?
When did OPEC slow to adjust prices?
When did OPEC's price increases return commodities to Bretton Woods levels?
Until when did the price of oil stay fairly stable?
When did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel?
What country was the world's second largest oil exporter in 1973?
How much did the Shah of Iran want the West to pay for oil after Yom Kippur?
What country was the world's second largest oil exporter in 1973?
What released the underlying economic pressure on oil prices?
Why did OPEC raise the posted price of oil?
When did OPEC raise the posted price of oil by 70%?
When did OPEC agree to continue to cut production in increments?
How much did Nixon ask Congress to appropriate for Israel?
WhyDid OPEC raise the posted price of oil in 1973?
How much did Saudi Arabia spend to spread Wahhabism?
What groups did the al-Haramain Foundation give money to?
Where did a lot of the money go?
Why were developing nations having trouble with high oil prices and low export commodities?
What is the name of the Islamic doctrine that Saudi Arabia promotes?
What was responsible for the recessions in the US?
The Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with what country?
Before what year do scholars argue that there existed a negotiated settlement based on equality between both parties prior to?
Who was the dominant power in the US before 1973?
What left oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies?
What industry was hurt by the price increases?
What consisted of inflationary and deflationary impacts?
Where did oil companies find new ways to find more oil?
How long did it take to find and develop new oil fields?
Which member of the European Economic Community faced a complete embargo?
Who refused to use their airfields?
Which member of the European Economic Community supported Israel during the Six-Day War?
Who did Harold Wilson's government support during the Six-Day War?
Who was Harold Wilson's successor?
Which country was unaffected by the embargo?
What caused the oil crisis in the UK?
When did the strikes happen in the UK?
What country banned flying, driving and boating on Sundays?
What country rationed gasoline and heating oil?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
Why was new oil being sold at a higher price?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
How was scarcity addressed?
Who was the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
When was Simon appointed as the Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
What was the purpose of the Federal Energy Office?
When did the American Automobile Association report that 20% of American gasoline stations had no fuel?
What was the maximum speed limit in 1974?
What law mandated a 55 mph speed limit?
Who signed the National Highway Designation Act?
On what date did Bill Clinton sign the National Highway Designation Act?
When was the cabinet-level Department of Energy created?
What led to greater interest in renewable energy?
What do critics feel American energy policies ignore?
Who has repeatedly backed policies which promise solutions that are politically expedient, but whose prospects are doubtful?
Who considered invading the Middle Eastern oilfields in 1973?
Who was the Prime Minister of Britain in 1973?
How long did intelligence say the US occupation of the Middle East would last?
Who did intelligence say would be alienated if the US occupied the Middle East?
Which country was the most dependent on Arab oil?
How much of Japan's imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970?
What did Saudi and Kuwaiti governments give Japan in December 1973 to encourage them to change their stance on Iran?
When did Japan say that Israel should withdraw from all of the 1967 territories?
When was Japan considered an Arab-friendly state?
What was one sign of insecurity in the region?
Which two countries were competing for power in the Persian Gulf?
What country is mostly Sunni Muslim?
When did the Shah fail to control Iran?
When did extremists seize the Grand Mosque in Mecca?
What did the crisis reduce the demand for?
What became mass market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive?
What type of engines did American imports use?
Which country became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive?
When did the oil crisis occur?
What was the name of the larger Japanese compact introduced by Toyota?
Along with air conditioning, AM-FM radios, central locking, and power windows, what was a notable amenity of larger cars?
Along with Infiniti and Acura, what luxury car division was created by Nissan?
What was the name of a compact truck introduced?
What did Mitsubishi rebrand its Forte as?
Who did Mazda, Mitsubishi and Isuzu have joint ventures with?
What policy did American manufacturers end when they introduced their domestic replacements?
What forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales?
What was the maximum seating capacity of a four-cylinder engine car?
By what year had the average American vehicle moved 17.4 miles per gallon?
What luxury sedans became popular again in the mid-1970s?
What was the name of a lower-priced full-size model that did not recover?
By what year had nearly all "full-size" American cars shrunk?
What year did Chrysler end production of luxury sedans?
What was a prelude to the DOT downsize revision of vehicle categories?
When did OPEC lose its primacy?
During what decade did the world price of oil fall to less than $10 per barrel?
Why did Saudi Arabia increase production?
What was the peak price of oil in 1979?
The Apollo program followed which project that first put Americans in space?
Who carried out the Apollo program?
The first manned flight of the Apollo was in what year?
During which president's administration was the Apollo program first conceived?
How many people did Project Gemini carry?
What was the time span of the Apollo program?
What program supported the Apollo program?
The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was a joint Earth orbit mission with which country?
What was the name of the space station that was used in the Apollo Applications Program?
In what year did the Apollo 1 cabin fire occur?
The crew of the Apollo 1 was killed during what event?
Why were three of the planned follow-on missions for the Apollo program scrapped?
How many of the six Apollo missions succeeded in landing on the Moon?
What prevented the Apollo 13 mission from landing on the Moon?
The first human spacecraft to orbit another celestial body was what?
The final mission to land on the Moon was which one?
How much lunar rocks did the Apollo program return to Earth?
Apollo contributed to advances in many areas of technology incidental to rocketry and manned spaceflight, such as what?
How many people could the Mercury capsule carry on a limited Earth orbit mission?
How many people could the Apollo program carry?
Who was the NASA manager in 1960?
Apollo missions could include ferrying crews to a space station, circumlunar flights, and what?
When was the Apollo program conceived?
In what year was the Apollo program announced?
Who led NASA's in-house spacecraft design studies?
How many study contracts were awarded?
Who was the Deputy Administrator of NASA in 1960?
Who was elected president in 1960?
Who did John F. Kennedy promise to defeat in space exploration?
Why did Kennedy turn down the idea of a manned moon landing?
Who was appointed administrator of NASA in 1960?
What was the problem between the Soviets and the United States referred to as?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
How soon after Gagarin's flight did the House Committee on Science and Astronautics meet?
How did President Kennedy respond to news of the first man in space?
On what date did President Kennedy send a letter to President Johnson about the state of the US's space program?
Who was the Vice President of the United States at this time?
How long after Kennedy's request did Johnson respond to the request?
What did Johnson conclude about the US's space program?
Who was given authority to grow the Manned Spacecraft Center?
Where was the Space Task Group located before the MSC?
Where was the Manned Spacecraft Center located?
What university donated land for the Manned Spacecraft Center?
Where was the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station located?
Where was the Launch Operations Center located?
Who was the first Director of the Launch Operations Center?
What was Debus's first position at the Launch Operations Center?
President Johnson renamed the Launch Operations Center in honor of whom?
How many launch pads were planned?
The Operations and Checkout Building housed what before launch?
Up to how high could the Apollo spacecraft be tested in a vacuum chamber?
How large is the Vertical Assembly Building?
Who did Administrator Webb recruit to help him with project management?
When did Webb announce Mueller's appointment as Deputy Associate Administrator?
Who was Deputy Associate Administrator prior to Mueller?
Who was appointed Deputy Associate Administrator in 1963?
Where did Mueller work prior to joining NASA?
Where did Mueller find skilled managers for the Apollo program?
Who did Mueller recruit to manage the Apollo program?
How long did General Phillips manage the Apollo program?
What position did Schriever want General Phillips to have at NASA?
What had not been attempted even in Earth orbit?
Until what year was direct ascent favored by NASA?
Who was the Associate Administrator of NASA in 1961?
Who was the head of the ad-hoc committee?
When was the ad-hoc committee formed?
What organization began to support LOR in 1961 and 1962?
Which deputy director of the Office of Manned Space Flight was a champion of LOR?
Where did engineers at MSFC become convinced of the merits of LOR?
Who was President Kennedy's science advisor?
Who was hired to chair Wiesner's "Space Vehicle Panel"?
Who made up the "Space Vehicle Panel"?
On what date did NASA announce the decision to launch men on the Moon?
Who kept up the pressure?
What did Wiesner blur out during a meeting with the press?
What does LEM stand for?
Who was NASA's choice to build the Lunar Excursion Module?
What did the LOR method allow the lander to do?
What was the name of the Apollo mission where an oxygen tank exploded on the Lunar Module?
What did the Lunar Module provide to get the crew home?
In what year did the MSC study conclude that the LM was not viable as a lifeboat?
What shape was the command module in Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design?
The Lunar Excursion Module was later changed to what?
How many people could the Lunar Excursion Module carry to the lunar surface?
How many people could the Command Module carry?
The Command Module was designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to where on Earth?
What was the exterior of the Command Module covered with?
What was carried to slow the Command Module's descent to splashdown?
How much did the Command Module weigh?
What was the name of the section of the Lunar Module that supported the Command Module?
What was used for long distance communications on the Moon?
What happened to the Service Module after it returned to Earth?
How much did the initial lunar flight version of the SM Module weigh?
What was carried on the extended lunar missions?
Who won the contract to build the CSM?
How much more thrust was needed for translunar flight?
In what year did a program definition study determine that Block I should be continued as Block I?
The second stage of what spacecraft was built by North American Aviation?
How many astronauts could the Lunar Module carry?
Was the Lunar Module designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth?
How much did the initial LM model weigh?
The Extended Lunar Module allowed surface stays of up to how long?
Who was the Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center before the Apollo program?
Where was von Braun employed before being transferred to NASA?
The decision to use lunar orbit rendezvous was made on what date?
What did the first four Saturn I test missions carry?
The boilerplate CSMs were launched in what two years?
The last three Saturn I test flights carried what?
What did the Pegasus satellites measure?
The Saturn I was replaced by which upgraded version of the Saturn rocket?
How much thrust was produced by the S-IVB-200?
Where was the restartable version of the S-IVB used on the Saturn V?
How much could the Saturn IB carry into low Earth orbit?
The Saturn V was what type of vehicle designed to carry a fully fueled CSM to the Moon?
How tall was the Saturn V?
How many stages did the Saturn V have?
What did the second and third stages of the Saturn V burn?
The Apollo astronauts were chosen from which two groups of veterans?
The Gemini and Mercury veterans commanded how many Apollo missions?
Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space?
On which mission did Harrison Schmitt land on the Moon?
On which mission did Harrison Schmitt land on the Moon?
How many of these astronauts were awarded the Distinguished Service Medal?
What is the highest honor given to a NASA astronaut?
When were the Distinguished Service Medals first awarded?
Why were Schirra, Eisele, and Cunningham not awarded the NASA Exceptional Service Medal?
The Distinguished Service Medal was first awarded to the crew of which Apollo mission?
The first Block I CSM was launched from LC-34 in what year?
The first Block I CSM launched from LC-34 on February 26, 1966 reached what altitude?
How far did the Block I CSM get back?
The two Block I CSMs were used to validate the Service Module engine and what other part of the spacecraft?
How many people were on board the LM test flight AS-206?
What did the astronauts begin wearing on the first Block II mission to the Moon?
What was replaced in the new Apollo spacesuit?
What feature was added to the lunar surface EVA suit?
What is the abbreviation for LMP?
Who became the Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs?
Where was Deke Slayton an Astronaut?
In what year was the first Apollo crew selected?
Who dislocated his shoulder twice on the KC135 weightlessness training aircraft?
Wally Schirra, Eisele, and Walter Cunningham were the prime crew for which Apollo mission?
What happened to the AS-205 mission in December 1966?
When was the second AS-205/208 mission to be rescheduled?
The Saturn IB was renamed what?
Where were Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham assigned to on the Apollo 1 mission?
Who was the program director of the Tiger Team?
What was the name of the investigation team called?
The Lunar Module was not expected to be ready for a manned flight until what year?
Who was the Manned Space Flight Administrator in 1965?
Where did the crew of the Apollo 1 conduct tests at the Kennedy Space Center?
Which three people named their flight Apollo 1?
The plugs-out test would simulate what on LC-34?
Where did the crew of the Apollo 1 conduct tests before launch?
What caused the delay in sealing the hatch during the plugs-out test?
The plugs-out test for the Apollo 11 mission began on what date?
What caused the hold during the countdown to the plugs-out test to fail?
How did the crew of the Apollo 11 survive the fire?
The electrical fire started in the high pressure atmosphere of the spaceship, what was it?
Who oversaw the accident review board?
What did the review board conclude existed in the Command Module design, workmanship and quality control?
Who replaced Joseph Francis Shea?
How did NASA respond to the accident review board?
What mixture of fuel was used in Block II spacecraft after the fire on the first Block II mission?
What was removed from the Block II spacecraft to prevent fires?
What did the Block II spacecraft design replace the Block I plug-type hatch cover with?
What happened to the manned Block I program?
What type of space suit were crew members required to wear on the Block II spacecraft?
What was the sequence of mission types that had to be successfully accomplished to enable the first manned lunar landing?
The sequence of mission types had to be what before the next one could be performed?
What were used instead of numbers for the first few lunar missions?
What was the name of the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V?
What feature of the Command Module allowed it to survive a trans-lunar reentry?
Apollo 6 carried a CSM and a LM Test Article on what date?
What was the last unmanned test before NASA declared the Saturn V ready to fly men?
The first unmanned test flight of the LM was on which spacecraft?
Apollo 5 launched from which pad?
Who wanted a second unmanned test before the next manned Apollo mission?
What was the final result of the first successful test of the LM engines?
What is the abort mode of the ascent engine called?
The crew of the Apollo 8 mission used a Saturn V instead of how many Saturn IBs?
What was the name of the Soviet Union's spacecraft that carried animals around the Moon in 1968?
On what day did the crew of the Apollo 8 mission land back on Earth?
What did George Low want to send the Apollo 8 mission to do instead of Earth orbit?
The Soviet Union was believed to be planning a mission to the Moon with what kind of people?
The crew of the Apollo 11 was from what crew?
When did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth?
What did the crew of the Apollo 11 send back to Earth from the surface of the Moon?
Who were on the Apollo 11 mission?
The crew of the Apollo 11 returned to Earth on what date?
On what spacecraft did Pete Conrad and Alan L. Bean land on the Moon in 1969?
What was the name of the probe that landed on the ocean of storms in April 1967?
What did the Surveyor 3 crew do after photographing it?
The first lunar surface color television camera was damaged when it was accidentally pointed into what?
What would be carried on the last five missions to the Moon?
What was revised for the extended missions to increase flexibility and visibility for driving the LRV?
How many landing sites did NASA plan on?
How long could the CMP stay on the Moon?
What did NASA plan to increase in the CSM and LM for the last five missions?
What caused the crew to use the "life boat" to return to Earth after the Apollo 13 mission?
The success of the first two Apollo missions allowed crews of two experienced veterans and two who?
After the oxygen tank on the Apollo 13 exploded, what happened to the Apolo 13 mission?
What part of the Apollo 13 mission exploded two days before launch?
When was the Apollo 13 mission launched?
The Skylab's use of a Saturn V eliminated which Apollo mission?
What happened to NASA's yearly budget as a result of the successful landing on the Moon?
What did the two unused Saturn V's become after they were scrapped?
In what year was it decided to cancel Apollo 18 and 19 missions?
How old are the rocks from the Moon compared to rocks found on Earth?
How old are the rocks from the highlands crust?
What geochemical component on the Moon has no known terrestrial counterpart?
What was an important rock found during the Apollo Program?
What is never seen on Earth rocks?
What do most rocks on the Moon show evidence of?
What does impact melt refer to?
What was the estimated cost of the Apollo program in 2005 dollars?
How many Saturn V rockets did NASA purchase?
What was the estimated cost of the Apollo program from 1959 to 1973 in 2010 dollars?
What was the name of the Apollo Extension Series?
The design of the workshop grew into what program?
The most ambitious plan called for the S-IVB to be used for a fly-by mission to what planet?
The Skylab was launched in what year?
Where was the Skylab constructed?
When did the last crew leave the Skylab?
What was the Skylab equipped with that would have been used on the Apollo Telescope Missions?
What robotic spacecraft photographed the lunar surface in 2009?
Which Apollo mission was the last to land on the Moon?
What is the degree to which the Apollo 11 flags retain their original colors?
Which spaceship sent the first live pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth?
The crew of Apollo 8 read the creation story from which book?
How much of the world saw the Christmas Eve transmission from the Moon?
How did the Apollo 8 mission and Christmas serve as a change to the turbulent year of 1968?
Where was data from the Moon landing recorded?
Why was the format of the special Apollo TV camera not compatible with broadcast TV?
Why did NASA remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes from the National Archives?
The magnetic tapes were replaced with what after the magnetic tape shortage?
Who led the team that built the lunar television camera?
Who compiled the original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11?
How was the noise and camera shake removed from the Apollo 11 data?
Along with the CBS News archive and Johnson Space Center recordings, what other recordings were used in the restoration of Apollo 11?
Who restored the original Apollo 11 broadcast data?
In what format was the Apollo 11 data originally stored?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What is European Union law?
What is primary source of European Union law?
What are the secondary sources of European Union law?
What are the two main legislative bodies of the European Union?
What is European Union law?
What kind of effect do Regulations and Directives have on the laws of European Union member states?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What are the two main legislative bodies of the European Union?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What is primary source of European Union law?
What are the two main legislative bodies of the European Union?
How many sources are there of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Where is European Union law applied?
Under what treaty can the European Commission take action against a member state for failing to adopt EU law?
What is the highest court that can interpret European Union law?
Besides case law and general principles of EU law, what is a supplementary source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Under what treaty can the European Commission take action against a member state for failing to adopt EU law?
What is the highest court that can interpret European Union law?
Besides case law and general principles of EU law, what is a supplementary source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Where is European Union law applied?
What is the highest court that can interpret European Union law?
What are some other sources of European Union law?
What are the EU's primary constitutional sources?
Who can propose legislation in the EU?
Who elects the European Parliament?
What is the supreme judicial body which interprets EU law?
What is the name of the group that appoints the Commissioners and the European Central Bank?
What is one of the core treaties of the EU?
What is one region that the TEU specifically excludes from the jurisdiction of European Union law?
What can the Court of Justice of the European Union interpret?
When can individuals rely on primary law in the Court of Justice of the European Union?
When do treaties apply?
What are the core treaties of the EU?
What are two territories where a member state is responsible for external relations?
When do treaties apply?
What can the Court of Justice of the European Union interpret?
When did the treaties that formed the European Union begin?
What treaties established the formal institutions of the European Union?
When did Greenland sign a treaty giving it a special status?
When did Norway join the European Union?
What country signed a treaty in 1985 giving it a special status?
What were the first two Treaties that formed the European Union?
When was the Maastricht Treaty signed?
When was the Single European Act signed?
When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway join?
When did Greenland sign a treaty giving it a special status?
When was an attempt to reform the constitutional law of the European Union?
What countries' referendums prevented the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe from coming into force?
How similar was the Lisbon Treaty to the proposed constitutional treaty?
What type of treaty was the Lisbon Treaty?
What did the Lisbon Treaty significantly do?
What was attempted after the Nice Treaty?
What would have been the result of reforming the constitutional law of the European Union?
What countries' referendums prevented the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe from coming into force?
What was enacted instead of the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe?
What is the main executive body of the European Union?
Who has a monopoly on initiating the legislative procedure?
Who sets the agenda for the EU's work?
How many Commissioners does the EU have?
Who is the current High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy?
Which article states that Commissioners should be completely independent?
Who sets the agenda for the EU's work?
How are decisions made within the EU?
Which country refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon 2007?
Who are the unelected subordinates of member state governments?
Which Commission was censured by Parliament in 1999?
What did the European Court of Justice decide in the case of Commission v Edith Cresson?
What group found that few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsiblity?
Who appoints the board of the European Central Bank?
What voting rights do the President of the Council and Commissioner have in the ECB?
When was the Santer Commission censured by Parliament?
What was the main case where a Commissioner was found not to have broken any laws by giving a dentist a job?
Who found that few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsiblity?
What was created after a Committee of Independent Experts found that few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsibility?
When did the European Anti-fraud Office investigate the Maltese Commissioner for Health?
Who have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
What does it mean to be an elected representative?
When are Parliament elections held?
What majority is required to censure the entire Commission?
According to the Treaty on European Union articles 9 and 10, what is the EU meant to be founded on?
Who has a monopoly on initiating legislation?
Who have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
When were the first direct elections held?
When are Parliament elections held?
What is the largest party in Parliament?
Who are in the Council?
Who is the current president of the European Council?
How is voting in the Council weighted?
How many votes are there in the Council?
What percentage of votes are there in the Council?
What is the second main legislative body of the EU?
When does the Council meet?
How many votes are there in the Council?
What is the majority vote requirement for the Council?
How many MEPs must approve a Commission proposal to block it?
What must the Council vote by to approve changes to legislation?
Is it easier or harder to change EU law than stay the same?
What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
Who believes it has the final say within the EU?
What defines the ordinary legislative procedure that applies for most EU acts?
What does the "Conciliation Committee" process mean?
What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
What is convened when different institutions cannot agree on a joint text?
What branch of the EU has played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the EU?
How many judges does each EU member have?
Where is EU law applied?
What is the CJEU's duty?
How has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role?
What is the main judicial body of the EU?
What is the tribunal that deals with EU staff issues?
How long does a president serve?
What is the CJEU's duty?
According to the Court of Justice, what law overrides national law?
WhyDid the Italian Constitutional Court rule Costa had a claim under the Treaty of Rome?
When were the regulations that regulated beef imported from France to Italy?
Which courts have had to develop principles to resolve conflicts of laws between different systems?
When was the first major case where EU law overrides national law?
Which court ruled that EU law overrides national law when it conflicts with EU law?
According to the Treaties, what takes primacy over national law?
What do member states not believe the Court of Justice has the final say on?
When was the European Communities Act enacted?
What does the legitimacy of the EU rest on?
What does the German Constitutional Court say can override German law?
What binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law?
In what year were citizens or corporations said to not be allowed to bring claims against other non-state parties?
What actions by EU institutions are subject to judicial review?
What type of law concerns the governance structure of the EU?
In what case was it held that the provisions of the Treaties are directly effective if they are clear and unambiguous?
What article of the Treaty prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs on urea-formaldehyde plastics?
What was Van Gend en Loos?
What are EU Regulations the same as?
What do not give citizens standing to sue other citizens?
How many paid holidays does the Working Time Directive require every worker to have each year?
Most member states require more than how many days of paid holiday in national law?
When did Advocate Generals argue that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens?
What happens if a directive's deadline for implementation is not met?
What does it mean when a citizen or company can invoke a directive?
How many years did Kücükdeveci work for before she was fired?
What company was Mrs Foster employed by?
What was the age limit for employees in British Gas plc?
Who has a duty to interpret domestic law?
What does article 11 require?
What did the Italian government fail to do?
How much was Francovich allowed to claim in damages for his loss?
Who developed the principles of European Union law?
What are accepted general principles of European Union Law?
How long has the European Court of Justice recognized the principle of proportionality?
Where is the principle of proportionality found in the EC Treaty?
When there is a choice between several appropriate measures, what must be adopted?
How long has the concept of legal certainty been recognized by the European Court of Justice?
What predates European Union law?
What must laws adopted in the EU have in order to have legal effect?
Where does the doctrine of legitimate expectation originate from?
Where does the European Court of Justice draw inspiration?
What can the European Court of Justice not uphold measures which are incompatible with?
How many treaties establishing the European Union mention the protection of fundamental rights?
Who should be prevented from violating human rights?
When was the European Convention on Human Rights established?
What court was established in the European Union in 1950?
When was the European Charter of Human Rights drafted?
When was the Lisbon Treaty signed?
What document has become an integral part of European Union law?
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union has become an integral part of what?
Who enforces the Charter and the Convention in relation to European Union measures?
What treaty contains the Social Chapter?
When was the Social chapter of the Treaty of Amsterdam created?
When was the basis for the Social Chapter developed?
How many general principles does the Social Charter declare?
How many pieces of legislation did the Social Charter become the basis for?
How many countries adopted the Social Charter in 1989?
Which member state vetoed the inclusion of the Social Charter as a part of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty?
What was the Protocol on Social Policy later referred to as?
When was the Agreement on Social Policy added to the Maastricht Treaty?
What event in 1997 led to the UK formally joining the Agreement on Social Policy?
When was the UK Labour Party elected to government?
What law required workforce consultation in businesses?
When was the Parental Leave Directive passed?
What does the Works Council Directive require?
What countries were members of the European Coal and Steel Community?
When was the European Coal and Steel Community established?
What does article 65 of the agreement ban?
What article of the agreement made provisions for concentrations?
When were competition rules included in the Treaty of Rome?
Where does the Treaty of Lisbon prohibit anti-competitive agreements?
What does Article 102 prohibit?
What articles guarantee that a member state's right to deliver public services may not be obstructed?
What article prohibits the abuse of dominant position?
When was the concept of a "social market economy" introduced into EU law?
When was the Treaty of Rome signed?
What is the goal of reducing barriers to trade?
What does it mean to have a free trade area?
What court has taken the view that the goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being?
How is free movement within the EU achieved?
Who could not get certificates from authorities in France?
Who can states be held responsible for unlawful restrictions on trade?
In which case were French farmer vigilantes sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries?
What did the Court of Justice hold Austria did not violate article 34 by failing to ban?
What percentage did the German law require for all spirits and liqueurs?
What country did Rewe-Zentral AG want to import Cassis de Dijon from?
When did this case take place?
What is the main ingredient in Italian chocolate?
What law in 2003 required that cocoa products that contained vegetable fat be labeled as "chocolate substitute"?
What two importers claimed their prosecution under French competition law was unlawful because it prevented them from selling Picon beer under wholesale price?
What was the aim of the law to prevent?
What case reviewed the Swedish ban on advertising to children under 12?
What law harmonised restrictions on restrictions on marketing and advertising?
What do the Treaties seek?
What originally focused upon free movement of workers?
What was free movement increasingly based on?
In what case did a German man claim the right to residence in the Netherlands while he volunteered plumbing and household duties in a Bhagwan community?
What did the Court of Justice rule in Steymann v Staatssecretaris van Justitie?
Which articles of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation set out the main provisions on equal treatment of workers?
Who was the Belgian footballer in the case v Bosman?
What language was required to teach in a Dublin design college?
In Groener v Minister for Education the Court of Justice accepted that a requirement to speak Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part of the public policy of promoting the Irish language?
In Groener v Minister for Education the Court of Justice accepted that a requirement to speak Gaelic to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified as part of the public policy of promoting the Irish language?
What has increasingly been seen as a "fundamental" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice?
What has citizenship of the EU increased?
In which case did the Court of Justice rule that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in universities to foreign students?
What has the Court of Justice required more access to?
What protects the "freedom of establishment"?
How were the requirements to register in Milan allowed?
What case held that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar because he lacked Belgian nationality was unjustified?
What article of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protects the "freedom of establishment"?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a requirement for lawyers in Italy to comply with maximum tariffs unless there was an agreement with a client was not a restriction?
In what year was a toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire?
What is the only crime that Spain has?
When did the Court of Justice rule that the Commission could not propose what the criminal sanctions could be?
In what year was the competence for the Union to regulate toxic waste contested?
What does TFEU article 56 apply to?
Why was a Dutch lawyer told he could not continue to give legal advice in Belgium?
What did the Court of Justice decide was controlled in all member states?
What did the Dutch health authorities regard unnecessary?
What newspaper's parent company was held liable for tax if they moved their residence to the Netherlands without first settling their tax bills in the UK?
What was the minimum amount of capital that UK law required to start a company?
DenDenmark's legislature said companies should have how much capital to start?
What can restrictions on freedom of establishment be justified by?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a German court could not deny a Dutch building company the right to enforce a contract in Germany because it was not validly incorporated in Germany?
What is another name for the Amazon rainforest?
How much of the Amazon rainforest is in the South America region?
How many nations are in the Amazon rainforest?
How many states or departments in four nations contain "Amazonas" in their names?
How much of the planet's remaining rainforests does the Amazon cover?
What is the Dutch name for the Amazon rainforest?
What is the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world?
Where is the majority of the Amazon rainforest located?
How much of the planet's remaining rainforests does the Amazon cover?
How many species does the Amazon rainforest contain?
What type of forest is the Amazon rainforest?
How large is the Amazon basin?
How many nations are covered by the Amazon rainforest?
Where is the majority of the Amazon rainforest located?
How many species does the Amazon have?
What did the wetter climate do?
What happened during the last 34 million years?
What happened during the Oligocene?
When did the rainforest expand?
How did the rainforest survive during the last glacial period?
What caused the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
From 66-34 Mya, how far south did the rainforest extend?
What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
During what period did the rainforest only cover a narrow band?
What happened to the rainforest during the Middle Miocene?
What event may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
Where did the tropical rainforest extend as far south as 45°?
When did the rainforest expand again?
When did the rainforest retreat to inland formation?
How long have climate changes allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split?
Where did the water go after the Purus Arch?
What is the large lake that was created when the Andes Mountains rose?
When did the water break through the Purus Arch?
What happened to the water when it broke through the Purus Arch?
When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split?
Where did the water from the eastern side of the Amazon head after passing through the Purus Arch?
Where did water from the western side of the Amazon flow to?
Where did the west water flow into the Pacific?
What is the large lake that was created when the Andes Mountains rose?
When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split?
What divides the drainage basin of the Amazon?
Where did the water from the eastern side of the Amazon head after passing through the Purus Arch?
Where did water from the western side of the Amazon flow to?
What is the large lake that was created when the Andes Mountains rose?
When did the Amazon rainforest undergo significant changes?
What do analyses of the sediment deposits from the Amazon basin paleolakes and the Amazon Fan indicate?
What do some scientists believe happened to the Amazon during the LGM?
How difficult has the debate over the extent of the Amazon been to resolve?
What supports the contradictory views on the extent of the reduction of the Amazon?
How many years is it believed that the Amazon rainforest has changed?
When did the vegetation changes in the Amazon rainforest occur?
What type of evidence suggests that rainfall was lower during the LGM than it is today?
What was the lower rainfall during the LGM associated with?
How many years is it believed that the Amazon rainforest has changed?
What type of evidence suggests that rainfall was lower during the LGM than it is today?
What was probably reduced in the Amazon basin during the Last Glacial Maximum?
Some scientists believe that the Amazon was reduced to small refugia separated by what?
Why has the debate over the extent of the Amazon been difficult to resolve?
What is the name of NASA's satellite that tracks dust moving from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is blown from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How far does it travel?
Where does 15% of the dust fall?
How much dust remains in the air?
What has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is blown from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
How much dust remains in the air?
How much dust falls on the Caribbean Sea?
What is the name of NASA's satellite that tracks dust moving from the Sahara to the Amazon?
What agency operates the CALIPSO satellite?
How much dust is blown from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How far does it travel?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
What book did Betty Meggers write about the Amazon?
What is the maximum population density that can be sustained in the rainforest?
What is needed to sustain a large population in the Amazon rainforest?
What type of findings suggest that the Amazon is densely populated?
How many people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
Why was agriculture not feasible in the Amazon rainforest?
Who wrote Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise?
What is the maximum population density that can be sustained in the rainforest through hunting?
What book did Betty Meggers write?
Who wrote Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise?
What book did Betty Meggers write?
What is the maximum population density that can be sustained in the rainforest through hunting?
How many people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
By the early 1980s, how many people lived in the Amazon rainforest?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Orellana say there was a complex civilization along the Amazon?
What caused the demise of the Pre-Columbian civilization?
When were the geoglyphs discovered?
When were the geoglyphs discovered in the Amazon?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Orellana travel the length of the Amazon?
When were the geoglyphs discovered in the Amazon?
Who discovered the geoglyphs in 1977?
How long has man been shaping the Amazon rainforest?
What does Terra Preta mean?
Where in the Amazon?
What did the development of the fertile soil allow?
What tribe were large settlements found in the middle of the Amazon?
Who found evidence of settlements in the Amazon?
What is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest?
What did the development of the fertile soil allow?
What tribe were large settlements found in the middle of the Amazon?
Who found evidence of settlements in the Amazon?
Evidence of what were found in the Xingu tribe settlements?
How many insect species live in the Amazon?
How many of the bird species in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon?
How many plant species have been scientifically classified in the Amazon?
How many fish species live in the Amazon?
How many invertebrate species have scientists described in Brazil?
How many insect species live in the Amazon?
How many birds and mammals live in the Amazon?
How many plant species have been scientifically classified in the Amazon?
How many reptiles have been scientifically classified in the Amazon?
How many of the bird species in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon?
How large is a quarter square kilometer of the Ecuadorian rainforest?
How many species of trees does the Ecuadorian rainforest support?
How many tonnes of living plants can one square kilometer of the Amazon rainforest contain?
What is the average plant biomass in the Amazon rainforest?
How many species of plants have been registered in the region?
Where does the biodiversity of plant species rank?
How many species of trees does the Ecuadorian rainforest support?
How many living plants can a square kilometer of the Amazon rainforest contain?
What is the average plant biomass per hectare in the Amazon?
How many species of plants have been registered in the region?
What can shock or kill you?
What is the largest predatory creature in the rainforest?
What are known to bite and injure humans?
What do poison dart frogs secrete?
What type of bats can spread rabies virus?
What is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas called?
When did access to the interior of the Amazon become restricted?
What farming method was used in the 1960s?
Why were they unable to manage their crops?
How visible is deforestation from outer space?
How many square kilometers of the Amazon was lost between 1991 and 2000?
How many square kilometers of the Amazon was lost between 1991 and 2000?
What did most of the lost forest become?
Where does Brazil rank in the global production of soybeans?
How much of the land in the Amazon is used for livestock pasture?
Who has been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects in the Amazon?
What did the first two highways lead to?
What was the mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005?
Has deforestation declined or increased in the Brazilian Amazon?
How much higher was the mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005?
What do environmentalists fear will result from the destruction of the Amazon?
What do environmentalists worry will cause biodiversity loss?
What could accelerate global warming?
How much of the Earth's carbon do the Amazonian evergreen forests store?
How much carbon do the Amazonian evergreen forests store?
What conditions would cause the Amazon rainforest to become unsustainable?
What causes climate change?
By what year does a computer model predict that the Amazon rainforest will become unsustainable?
How long does climate change threaten the Amazon rainforest?
What could threaten the Amazon rainforest in the 21st century?
What continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide?
What type of conservation efforts have gained attention?
What are the causes of the disappearances of the Peruvian Amazon rainforest?
What group of indigenous people continue to struggle for their cultural survival?
What peoples uses non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism of their culture?
What technology is being used to protect the Amazon basin?
What tribe uses Google Earth to map their ancestral lands?
Where do the Trio Tribe live?
Why do they map their ancestral lands?
Why do they use remote sensing?
What stage of the Amazon is crucial to map its biomass?
What does the classification of tree growth stages help map?
Who organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
When did Kuplich organize the trees of the Amazon into categories?
What technology did Kuplich use to place the trees into the four categories?
What year did parts of the Amazon basin experience the worst drought in one hundred years?
What group of scientists argued that drought and deforestation are pushing the Amazon to the tipping point?
What type of destruction is pushing the Amazon to the brink of death?
What is the Amazon on the brink of turning into?
Who reported the results in the article?
When did the Amazon experience drought?
How many square miles of the Amazon was affected by the 2010 drought?
How many epicenters did the 2010 drought have?
When did the drought in 2010 occur?
How much carbon dioxide does the Amazon absorb in a year?
What is the common name for ctenophora?
Where do comb jellies live?
How large are the adult ctenophora?
What is ctenophora?
What is the most distinctive feature of ctenophora?
What do both ctenophores and cnidarians rely on for digestion?
How large are the largest ctenophora?
What is the most distinctive feature of ctenophora?
What is the common name for ctenophora?
How large are the largest ctenophora?
What do both ctenophores and cnidarians rely on for digestion?
What is the Greek word for ctenophora?
Where do comb jellies live?
How much can ctenophores eat in a day?
How many species of ctenophores are valid?
How many ctenophores have not been fully described?
How many ctenophores are valid?
What does 'little tentacles' mean?
How much can ctenophores eat in a day?
What do coastal beroids lack?
What do coastal beroids use to hunt other ctenophores?
How much can ctenophores eat in a day?
What does 'little tentacles' mean?
What do coastal beroids use to hunt other ctenophores?
What are the tentilla of ctenophids covered with?
How many ctenophores are valid?
How many species are hermaphrodites?
What do most platyctenids' young look like?
Are juveniles capable of reproduction before reaching adulthood?
What does a hermaphrodite mean?
What do simultaneous hermaphrodites do?
What type of hermaphrodites have eggs and sperm mature at different times?
What type of annelids live as cydippid-like plankton until they reach adulthood?
What enables small populations to grow at an explosive rate?
What does a hermaphrodite mean?
What do simultaneous hermaphrodites do?
What happens in a sequential hermaphrodite?
What type of annelids live as cydippid-like plankton until they reach adulthood?
What are the young of a platyctid called?
Where was Mnemiopsis accidentally introduced?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What other factors aggravated the situation of Mnemiopsis in the Black Sea?
What does Beroe prey on?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did Mnemiopsis eat that caused the fish stocks to collapse?
Where are ctenophores most abundant?
Where are ctenophores most abundant?
What does phytoplankton mean?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What is Mnemiopsis blamed for when accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What helped mitigate the problem with Mnemiopsis?
When did all modern ctenophores appear?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that cydippids are not what?
F have been found as far back as how many years?
F have been found with no what?
F have been found as far back as how many years?
What event 66 million years ago is thought to have caused the appearance of modern ctenophores?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that cydippids are not what?
F have been found with no what?
Jellyfish and sea anemones are about as complex as what group?
How are ctenophores distinguished from other animals?
What group of animals are ctenophores less complex than?
What animal group is more complex than sponges?
How are ctenophores distinguished from other animals?
Jellyfish and sea anemones are about as complex as what group?
How are ctenophores distinguished from other animals?
How are ctenophores distinguished from other animals?
What do sponges have?
What group of animals are ctenophores less complex than?
What is the middle layer of jelly-like material called in cnidarians?
What are ctenophores and cnidarians usually labelled?
What are ctenophores and cnidarians?
Along with ctenophores and cnidarians, what other animal has two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material?
What do ctenophores use as their main locomotion?
What do ctenophores use cilia for?
What are the bands of cilia called?
What does the word ctenophora mean?
What are two textbooks base their descriptions of ctenophores on?
What do not preserve well?
What do coastal species need to be tough enough for?
What three coastal genera has most attention been focused on?
The gastrodermis is made up of what?
What does photocytes produce?
What is the term for the throat?
What does the internal cavity consist of?
What are the most active parts of an animal?
What are comb rows called?
What are comb rows also called?
What is the extra compact filament suspected to have?
Where do ctenophores swim?
How long are the cilia in a comb?
What do some species rely on to adapt to water of different densities?
Where do ciliary rosettes pump water?
What do ciliary rosettes pump into the mesoglea to avoid sinking?
What do ctenophores do when they move from brackish to seawater?
What is the largest single sensory feature of ctenophores?
Where is the aboral organ?
What is the statocyst protected by?
What is the aboral organ's main component?
What is a statocyst?
What is the common name for Pleurobrachia?
What covers the body of a ctenophore?
What shape do cydippids usually have?
What are the tentacles of a ctenophore housed in?
Where is the mouth located on a sea gooseberry?
What are the tentacles of cydippids fringed with?
What are colloblasts?
How do Euplokamis' tentilla differ from other cydippids?
How many types of movement do Euplokamis' tentilla have?
What are Euplokamis tentilla used for?
How many rows of combs are in a bee?
Where do the combs run?
How are the combs spaced?
What runs out from each balancer in the statocyst?
What are muscular, cuplike extensions of the body?
What are auricles?
How many auricles do lobates have?
What do the water currents produce?
What do lobates feed on?
How can lobates escape danger?
How do lobates escape danger?
What controls the movements of lobates' combs?
What do lobates' combs move by nerves instead of?
What is another name for Beroida?
What is another name for Nuda?
What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do?
What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do when an animal is not feeding?
What do they have inside their mouth?
What are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals?
What is the name of the largest ctenophore?
What does Cestida mean?
How do cestids swim?
What does it move in a darting motion?
What is on the aboral surface of platyctenids?
How do platyctenids move?
What do all but one of the known platyctenid species lack?
Where do Platyctenids live?
How are eggs and sperm released?
What method do platyctenids use for fertilization?
What species has self-fertilization been seen in?
Where are gonads located?
How is fertilization handled in most species?
What do juveniles lack in the genus Beroe?
Where do flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids live?
When do platyctenids become adult?
How do flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids behave?
What genus lacks tentacles and tentacle sheaths?
What do Bathyctena chuni do when disturbed?
When do some species produce secretions that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies?
What does it produce when disturbed?
What does it mean for the size of a juvenile?
Are ctenophores vegetarians or predators?
What do Haeckelia prey on?
How do Haeckelia prey on jellyfish?
What does Bolinopsis prey on?
What two-tentacled "cydippid" feeds exclusively on salps?
WhyWhy were ctenophores thought to be a dead end in marine food chains?
What type of fish digest ctenophores 20 times as fast as an equal weight of shrimps?
What do jellyfish eat?
Where have herbivorous fishes been observed deliberately feeding on gelatinous zooplankton during blooms?
What do jellyfish and turtles eat?
What was accidentally introduced into the Western Atlantic in the late 1980s?
How was the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
How were Mnemiopsis populations brought under control?
When was the Western Atlantic ctenophore accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did the cooling of the local climate do to the Mnemiopsis?
Why are ctenophores rare as fossils?
What could the Ediacaran Eoandromeda represent?
When were the three additional ctenophores found?
How many more ctenophores were found?
What was different about the three additional ctenophores found in Canadian rocks?
How long ago was Stromatoveris dated?
What is very similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period?
What early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil is similar to Vendobionta?
What is Stromatoveris very similar to?
Vobionta is very similar to what period?
Recent studies have supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to what?
What is the earliest-diverging animal phylum?
What are the only modern ctenophores that have cydippid-like larvae?
What did Richard Harbison's purely morphological analysis in 1985 conclude about cydippids?
When did the extinction occur?
Who concluded that cydippids are not monophyletic in 1985?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
How far is Fresno from Los Angeles?
What does the name Fresno mean in Spanish?
What is featured on the city's flag?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
When did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's?
Why did Millerton residents move to Fresno?
When did Fresno become an incorporated city?
How many streetcars did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931?
What grew around the station?
What percentage of Fresno's population in 1940 was Asian?
What was Fresno's main ethnic neighborhood before World War II?
Where was the Pinedale Assembly Center?
Why was the Pinedale Assembly Center?
What was the Fresno Fairgrounds used for during World War II?
What was the name of the first successful credit card?
What was the name of the first successful credit card?
What did BankAmericard allow cardholders to do?
In what year was BankAmericard spun off into a separate company?
What is the name of the company that BankAmericard was spun off into?
Who wrote the song Walking Into Fresno?
Who recorded the song Walking Into Fresno?
Where did Aken grow up?
Where did Bill Aken make his first TV appearance?
Who adopted Bill Aken?
How many large parks does Fresno have?
Where is the Fresno Chaffee Zoo?
Where is the Civil War Revisited held?
What gardens are in Woodward Park?
Where is the Civil War Revisited held?
When did Downtown Fresno thrive?
What were the two original buildings in Downtown Fresno?
What was the former name of the Grand 1401?
What hotel was destroyed?
When was Fulton Street converted into a pedestrian mall?
What was the former name of Fulton Street?
Who created the only art piece in the world that one can walk up to and touch?
Where will the public art pieces be placed?
What type of sidewalks will be installed at the Fulton Mall?
Where in Fresno?
What are the major thoroughfares of Sunnyside?
When was Sunnyside developed?
What neighborhood is on Fresno's far southeast side?
Who designed the golf course in Sunnyside?
What landmark is in the Tower District?
When was the Tower Theater built?
What landmark does the Tower Theater refer to?
What was the original name of California State University at Fresno?
How far is Fresno City College from the Tower District?
When did the Tower Theater reopen?
What does the Tower Theater show?
When did Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players open?
Where was Audra McDonald raised?
What two musicals did Audra McDonald star in at the Tower Theater?
Along with nightclubs, restaurants and shops, what type of entertainment is present in the Tower District?
How close are the businesses in the Tower District?
Where is the center of Fresno's LGBT community?
Where is the center of Fresno's LGBT community?
Where is the center of Fresno's LGBT community?
What have been restored in recent decades?
What type of houses were designed by Hilliard Taylor & Wheeler?
How does the Tower District compare to the newer areas of Fresno?
When were many of the older homes in the Tower District restored?
Which boulevard provides streetcar connections between downtown and the County Hospital?
Who mapped the Alta Vista Tract?
When did developers Billings & Meyering acquire the tract?
How many homes were in the Alta Vista Tract by 1914?
What company provided streetcar connections between downtown and the County Hospital?
What is another name for the West Side?
In which direction does the West Side of Fresno lie from Downtown?
What community is the West Side the center of?
Which Asian-Americans live in the West Side?
What is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Fresno?
Who is Kearney Boulevard named after?
What is Kearney Boulevard lined with?
Between what two streets was Kearney Boulevard once a favored neighborhood for African-American families?
What is the name of the section of West Side that was renamed to revitalize the area?
What was known as the "Dogg Pound"?
When were public housing developments built?
What is the name of the shopping center being built on the corner of?
What companies have large processing facilities in the neighborhood?
Where is the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport?
How much retail activity does the neighborhood have?
Who founded Woodward Park?
How large is Woodward Park now?
How many people can the multi-use amphitheatre hold?
How many miles of trails will the Lewis S. Eaton trail system cover?
When is Woodward Park open?
When was Sierra Sky Park Airport formed?
Who created the nation's first planned aviation community?
What was the first planned aviation community to be built?
What did the agreement in transportation law allow personal aircraft and what to share certain roads?
Has Sierra Sky Park inspired other similar communities to be built?
What kind of summers does Fresno have?
Which month is the warmest in Fresno?
What is the average annual precipitation in Fresno?
Which direction do most wind rose occurrences come from in Fresno?
When does the wind rose occur?
What is the official high temperature in Fresno?
When did Fresno set its record low?
In what year did Fresno get the most rain in 24 hours?
How much snow did Fresno get on January 21, 1962?
How much rain does Fresno get in 24 hours?
What was the population of Fresno in 2010?
What percentage of Fresno's population is white?
How many Native Americans live in Fresno?
What percentage of Fresno was non-Hispanic Whites in 2010?
What is the population density of Fresno per square mile?
How many households had children under 18?
What percent of households had a female householder with no husband present?
How many same-sex couples were there?
What was the average family size?
What was the average household size?
How many people lived in Atlantic City in 2000?
How many housing units were there in 2000?
What percentage of Richmond's population is Black or African American?
How much of the population of Atlantic City is Hmong?
What was the population density of Atlantic City in 2000?
Why did the FCC decide that Fresno would only have UHF channels?
What was the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting?
When did the first Fresno television station begin broadcasting?
What is KMJ-TV now known as?
What is Fresno's CBS station?
What is the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley?
What is another name for State Route 168?
Which freeway heads north to Yosemite?
Which direction does State Route 180 come into Fresno?
What is the largest US city not linked to an interstate highway?
When was the Interstate Highway System created?
What is the current name of State Route 99?
Why was it decided to upgrade SR 99?
Who runs the passenger rail service in Fresno?
Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot?
What two railroads cross in Fresno?
Which railroad operates former Southern Pacific branch lines out of Fresno?
Where does the Bakersfield-Stockton mainlines cross in which city?
What did Paul Baran develop?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What did Baran's new routing method contradict?
What is the modern name packet switching?
What did Paul Baran develop?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What is the modern name packet switching?
What is a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
How does circuit switching compare to billable services?
How is packet switching characterized?
What is a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
What is circuit switching?
How is circuit switching characterized in cases of billable services?
How is packet switching characterized?
How is Packacket mode communication implemented?
How are packets normally forwarded?
What happens if a shared physical medium is radio or 10BASE5?
How is Packacket mode communication implemented?
How are packets normally forwarded?
What happens if a shared physical medium is radio or 10BASE5?
What did Baran develop during his research at the RAND Corporation?
What did he research for the US Air Force?
What does the work focus on?
What is one of the three key ideas in Report P-2626?
What did report P-2626 describe?
How are messages delivered?
What concept did Baran develop during his research at the RAND Corporation?
What is one key idea that Report P-2626 focuses on?
What did Donald Davies do in 1965?
What was the name of the routing methodology developed by Davies?
What did he do with packet switching?
Where was the routing methodology suggested for use?
Who developed the same message routing methodology as Baran?
What was the name of the routing methodology developed by Davies?
What did Scantlebury do with the methodology?
What does connectionless mode mean?
How are packets routed in connectionless mode?
What is each packet labeled with?
What happens at the destination?
What does the packet header contain?
How is routing a packet routed?
What do packets include in connection-oriented transmission?
What does connection-oriented transmission require?
Where does Frame Relay do handshake?
Frame Relay uses the HDLC/LAPD/
Frame Relay uses the HDLC/LAPD/
Frame Relay uses the HDLC/LAPD/
ARPET and SITA HLN became operational in what year?
What were the differences between twenty different network technologies?
What does the virtual call system guarantee?
What does UDP stand for?
What is Appletalk?
What did Apple's networking protocols include?
What did the AppleTalk system do?
How was AppleTalk configured?
What was the first network to make hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data?
What did the CYCLADES packet switching network do?
How did CYCLADES deliver data?
What did the concepts of the CYCLADES packet switching network influence?
What is DECnet?
What was the original purpose of DECnet?
How did DECnet evolve?
Why was DECnet Phase II released?
What was the network used for?
What was the significance of GE's computer time-sharing service?
How did GE's computer time sharing service fare?
What did Warner Sinback decide?
Why was the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad formed?
What was demonstrated in December 1971?
What helped Merit prepare for their role in the NSFNET project?
What distinction does Telenet hold?
Who founded Telenet?
What was Telenet founded as a means of doing?
What did Telenet change?
When did Telenet go public?
What was Tymnet?
What did Tymnet do?
How were users connected to Tymnet?
What did Tymnet do with its private network?
How did Tymnet connect to private networks?
How many networks were implemented with an X.25 external interface?
Who developed DATAPAC?
How could a host connect to a host on a foreign network?
Who operated AUSTPAC?
What did AUSTPAC support?
How was access to AUSTPAC provided?
What was the name of datanet 1
What was the legal definition of the term "datanet 1"?
What did the name Datanet 1 refer to?
Why was the name incorrect?
What does CSNET stand for?
What was the purpose of CSNET?
What did the CSNET do?
What does internet2 stand for?
Who built the first Internet2 Network?
What was the name of the first Internet2 network?
What did Internet2 announce in 2006?
What happened to Abilene in October 2007?
What does NSFNET stand for?
What did NSFNET promote?
What happened to NSFNET?
What does vBNS stand for?
What was the purpose of the vBNS?
Who engineered and operated the vBNS?
How much had the vBNS grown by 1998?
What happened to the vBNS in February 1999
Where did the Black Death originate?
Where did the black rats that carried the Black Death come from?
How much of Europe was killed by the Black Death?
When did the world population as a whole recover to pre-plague levels?
How long did the plague recur in Europe?
How common is the enzootic nature of the plague?
What type of graves near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan have inscriptions referring to plague?
Where did the first three waves of the plague originate?
When did famine start in the 1330s?
How many Chinese and other Asians died from plague in the 15 years before it reached Constantinople?
Who introduced the plague to Europe?
Who was the leader of the Mongol army during the siege of Kaffa?
What did the Mongol army catapult over the city walls of Kaffa?
Where did the Genoese traders take the plague by ship to after fleeing Kaffa?
What conditions are believed to have contributed to the severity of the Black Death?
Where did the plague spread from Italy?
Where did the plague spread to in 1351?
Where was the plague less common?
Where did the plague spread east through Europe?
When did the plague first arrive in Norway?
What did the Plague cause in the Middle East?
When did the plague reach Alexandria in Egypt?
How did the plague get to Alexandria?
What happened when the plague reached Antioch?
Who claimed that the Latin name atra mors first appeared in modern times in 1631?
What is the Latin term for the 14th century Black Death?
Who wrote the book "Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant"?
When was the medieval epidemic first called the Black Death in England?
Where did the name "Black Death" spread through?
What did the medical faculty in Paris blame for the plague?
Who did the medical faculty in Paris report their findings to?
What became the most widely accepted theory?
What theory is still used today to explain the spread of the plague?
What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death?
Where did the investigation of the pathogen that caused the 19th century plague begin?
Who was the name of the pathogen that caused the 19th century plague?
What was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond?
What was the bubonic plague mechanism dependent on?
Who wrote 'The Great Pestilence'?
What did Gasquet think the Great Pestilence was?
When was the second edition published?
What did Gasquet implicate in the second edition of his book?
What is an example of an ancient plague Gasquet's interpretation was widely accepted for?
What is the mortality rate of modern bubonic plague?
What temperature does the modern bubonic plague typically raise?
What percentage of those infected with the bubonic plague die within eight days?
What is the mortality rate of pneumonic plague?
What is a symptom of septicemic plague?
When did PLoS Pathogens publish the paper?
What did PLoS Pathogens publish in 2010?
How did the researchers analyze DNA?
Where was DNA analysis of Yersinia pestis performed?
What conclusion did the new research reach?
What are related clades of the Y. pestis genome known as?
What two Y. pestis strains were found to be ancestral to modern isolates?
What does the finding suggest about the spread of the plague?
When did the first variant of the plague enter Europe?
When did the plague reach England?
The results of the Haensch study have since been what?
Where in England did genetic evidence of the Black Death come from?
What did Schuenemann conclude about the variant of Y. pestis?
When was the sequencing of Y. pestis genome published in Nature?
Who challenged the theory of the plague in 1970?
What did Shrewsbury note?
What did Shrewsbury conclude about the 14th century accounts of the plague?
What did Graham Twigg produce in 1984?
What is the name of the author who challenged the theory of the Black Death in 2002?
What is as important as the identification of symptoms of the plague?
WhyAre researches hampered?
How much do the initial estimates of the spread of the plague vary?
Statistically, who usually provides information on the number of plague victims?
WhenWas there a census done during the plague in England?
What do sceptics of the bubonic plague theory say needs to be true to account for a pandemic?
What is the likely significance of transference via fleas in goods?
What is one argument against the theory of the bubonic plague theory?
How did the spread of the Black Death compare to that of the bubonic plague?
How long did the Black Death last?
What did Twigg suggest the cause of the plague was?
What did Cantor believe the cause of the plague to be?
What other diseases do some scholars believe the Y. pestis was responsible for the spread of the plague?
What is septicemic?
How many bodies were exhumed from the Clerkenwell area of London?
What is the most widely accepted death rate for the Middle East during this time?
How much of Paris was decimated by the Black Death?
What do these findings suggest about the burial practices?
In crowded cities it was not uncommon for what percentage of the population to die?
What areas were less susceptable to the spread of the Black Death?
When did the plague return to haunt Europe?
How many years did the plague occur between 1346 and 1671?
How many people died from the plague in France in 1628-31?
What range of preincident population figures do historians propose for England in 1300?
When did the Black Death end in England?
What percentage of the population died from the Black Death in 1471?
When did the Great Plague of London end?
How many people died of the plague in Paris in 1466?
Where did the Black Death spread to after Europe?
What was the name of the late plague outbreak in central Europe?
When did the last plague outbreak occur in Oslo?
How many times did the plague occur in Venice?
How many victims of the plague were there in Italy in the first half of the 17th century?
How much of Naples was killed by the plague in 1656?
What did the plague do to Seville?
What countries fought in the Great Northern War?
When was Europe's last major plague epidemic?
When did the Black Death occur in the Islamic world?
How many people died from the Plague in Algiers?
How long did the Plague remain a major event in Ottoman society?
How much of Baghdad's population was wiped out by the Plague?
From where does an igneous rock start?
What type of rock is formed when heat and pressure change the mineral content of the rock?
What is formed when an igneous rock is re-melted?
What are the three major types of rock?
What changes the mineral content of a rock to make it a metamorphic?
What was the most important discovery in the 1960s?
What does the lithosphere include?
What is the plastically deforming, solid, upper mantle called?
The oceanic lithosphere is the rigid upper thermal boundary layer of what?
When was seafloor spreading discovered?
What are areas on the seafloor where hydrothermal vents and volcanoes exist called?
How were mountains and volcanoes explained?
What resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes?
Who developed the theory of continental drift?
The power of the theory of plate tectonics lies in its ability to combine all of these observations into a single theory of how the lithosphere moves over what?
What do seismologists use to image the interior of the Earth?
What is the top of the layered model of the earth?
What is below the crust and lithosphere on the layered model of the Earth?
What have seismologists been able to create detailed images of?
What is below the mantle?
What is the advantage of the second scale over the first?
What is the name of the short period with short epochs?
What is the latest epoch of the geologic time scale?
What does Q stand for?
What principle pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut?
If a fault penetrates some formations but not the ones on top of them, how old must the formations be?
What can be found to determine if a fault is a normal fault or a thrust fault?
If a fault penetrates some formations but not the ones on top, how old are the formations that were cut?
What type of rocks are found in igneous rocks that are older than the rock that contains them?
What are xenoliths picked up in?
Along with inclusions, what is another term for components in sedimentary rocks?
What states that sedimentary rocks must be older than the formation that contains them?
What is ripped up and included in a newer layer of sedimentary rocks?
What is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks?
Who laid out the principles of faunal succession?
How complicated is the succession?
What do exist at the same time period throughout the world?
Whose theory of evolution was written before William Smith's?
When was the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events?
What method did geologists use to date sections of rock before isotopic dates?
What did isotopic dates allow geologists to assign to rock units?
Prior to isotopic dating, how were rocks dated?
What could isotopic dates be applied to?
What can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust?
What determines the point at which radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice?
What are measured in minerals for geologic purposes?
What can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units which do not contain radioactive isotopes?
What causes rock to shorten and become thicker?
Where can brittle deformation occur?
What are the folds where the material in the center of the fold buckles upwards called?
Antiforms and synclines are also called what?
What are the names for rock folds if the tops of the units remain pointed up?
What causes rock units to become longer and thinner?
What are the rocks that pinch into lenses called?
Where can the entire sedimentary sequence of the Grand Canyon be seen?
What happens to rocks that are ductilely stretched?
What causes rock units to become longer and thinner?
What is the name of long, planar igneous intrusions that enter along cracks?
Where do dikes form in large numbers?
F and deformational processes result in what formation?
What maintains the topographic gradient despite movement of sediment?
What are often associated with volcanism and igneous activity?
What does the Hawaiian Islands consist of?
What is the oldest known rock in the world that has been metamorphosed to the point where it is undiscernable without laboratory analysis?
The mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon are composed of almost undeformed stacks of what?
The sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon have remained in place since what time?
Where is the Acasta gneiss from?
What is petrology?
What does stratigraphy mean?
What is the study of structural geology?
What do geologists study in addition to rivers, landscapes, and glaciers?
What do petrologists also do in the field?
What are some properties of minerals studied in a petrographic microscope?
What do stable and radioactive isotope studies reveal?
Where do petrologists collect rocks?
What type of microscope is used in an optical mineralogy analysis?
Petrologists use fluid inclusion data to perform temperature and what else?
Petrologists use fluid inclusion data and what to understand mineral phases?
Petrologists use fluid inclusion data to understand how mineral phases change through igneous and what other processes?
Who perform analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation in large and small settings?
How do structural geologists study rocks?
What do structural geologists do with measurements of geological structures?
How do structural geologists study rock deformation?
What are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries?
What are among the most well-known experiments in structural geology?
What is pulled along a lower surface into a back stop to create realistic patterns of faulting in orogenic wedges?
How does the shape of the orogenic wedge change?
What model is often more sophisticated and includes patterns of erosion and uplift?
Who work together to locate water, coal, and hydrocarbon extraction?
Where are the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface?
Geophysical data can be combined with what to produce a better view of the subsurface?
What do stratigraphers use to analyze well logs and geophysical data?
What do stratigraphers search for?
Why do geochronologists date rocks within stratigraphic section?
What group of scientists analyze rock samples in the laboratory?
Who looks for magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within drill cores?
What group precisely dates rocks within the stratigraphic section?
Where does Fielding H. Garrison believe the science of geology originated?
Who theorized that the Indian subcontinent was once a sea?
Who theorized that land was formed by erosion and deposition of silt?
Which Persian scholar provided detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes and other topics central to modern geology?
How did Shen Kuo come up with his theory?
Who is often viewed as the first modern geologist?
What was the title of Hutton's paper presented at the Royal Society of Edinburgh?
When did Hutton publish his two-volume work on the theory of the Earth?
What did Hutton believe about the earth?
Who created the first geological map of the US?
When was the first geological map of the US produced?
When did Maclure begin his self-imposed task of making a geological survey of the US?
What was the name of Maclure's memoir?
To whom were Maclure's results of his survey submitted?
What was the name of Lyell's famous book?
What doctrine did Principles of Geology successfully promote?
What doctrine did Principles of Geology successfully promote?
What is the theory that the Earth's features formed in single, catastrophic events and remained unchanged thereafter?
What famous scientist did Lyell's book influence?
How far away is Edinburgh from Newcastle?
How far away is the North Sea from Newcastle?
What network of European cities does Newcastle belong to?
What county was Newcastle part of until 1400?
What is the regional nickname and dialect for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area?
Who was William the Conqueror's eldest son?
What trade was Newcastle an important centre for in the 14th century?
What type of coal is mined in Newcastle?
When did the port of Newcastle develop?
What is the name of the world's most popular half marathon?
What was the name of the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle?
What river was Pons Aelius across?
What was the population of Pons Aelius in AD?
What Roman wall is still visible in parts of Newcastle today?
What tribe was the Vallum designed to prevent invasion by?
In the Middle Ages, Newcastle was what country's northern fortress?
Who granted Newcastle a new charter in 1589?
How high was the wall around Newcastle?
What Scots king was imprisoned in Newcastle in 1174?
How many times was Newcastle successfully defended against the Scots in the 14th century?
What did the Royal Act of 1530 prohibit from being shipped from Tyneside to Newcastle?
What was the name of the cartel of Newcastle burgesses that had a monopoly in the coal trade?
What does the phrase "taking coals to Newcastle" mean?
What was Timothy Dexter regarded as?
What did merchants plan to do to Timothy Dexter?
Along with keelmen, who lived in the Sandgate area?
What were the keelmen responsible for?
How many died of plague in Newcastle in the 1630s?
What percentage of Newcastle's population died from plague in 1636?
What was the severity of the Plague in Newcastle compared to other British cities?
Who did the North declare for during the English Civil War?
Who captured Newburn?
What noise accompanied the sack of Newcastle by Cromwell's allies?
What does the motto "Fortiter Defendit Triumphans" mean?
Which king was imprisoned in Newcastle by the Scots in 1646-7?
What did the Industrial Revolution cause in Newcastle?
What company moved to Newcastle in 1817?
What was Mosley Street the first public road in the world to be lit up by?
In the 19th century shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to Newcastle's what?
What invention led to the revolution of marine propulsion?
In large parts of Newcastle, what kind of street layout remains?
What are 'chares' short for?
What does it entail to travel from the riverside to the city centre?
What type of buildings can be found in Close, Sandhill and Quayside?
What is housed in the Grade I-listed merchant's house at 28-30 Close?
What is the name of the neoclassical centre in Newcastle?
What did Stuart Maconie call Newcastle?
What was voted England's finest street in 2005?
When was part of Grainger Town demolished?
What was built in place of Grainger Town?
What is the largest green space in Newcastle?
What do the freemen of Newcastle have the right to do on Town Moor?
What is the largest travelling funfair in Europe?
In what month is the Hoppings funfair held?
What group of people have the right to graze cattle on Town Moor?
What has replaced former shipping premises with imposing new office developments?
Who commissioned the Gateshead Millennium Bridge?
Who designed The Sage Gateshead music center?
What is the purpose of linking Newcastle and Gateshead together?
How long was the temporary Bambuco Bridge in 2008?
Where is the historic heart of Newcastle located?
When was Grainger Town established?
How high are the buildings in Grainger Town?
How many buildings in Grainger Town are listed?
What was the name of the market that was originally built in 1808?
When did the Grainger Market open?
How many people attended the opening of the Grainger Market?
What does the Laing Art Gallery have of the opening of the Grainger Market?
Who listed the Grainger Market architecture as grade I in 1954?
What is the climate of Newcastle?
What does the influence of the Gulf Stream cause?
What type of weather does Newcastle fall under the shadow of the North Pennines?
In what month and year did temperatures reach -12.3 degrees Celsius?
What part of the UK does Newcastle's climate resemble?
In which year was Newcastle ninth in the retail centre expenditure league?
What is the largest shopping complex in the UK?
What was the world's first department store?
How did the Bainbridge's sales revenue reported?
In what year did the Green Market close?
What is one of Newcastle's most popular destinations?
What shopping areas are Gosforth and Byker?
What major supermarket is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle?
What is the largest indoor shopping center in Europe?
Where is the MetroCentre located?
What was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly?
What were Tyneside flats built as?
Where has a new development recreated the Tyneside flats?
What was Cany Ash and Robert Sakula's profession?
What were architects Cany Ash and Robert Sakula attracted by?
What was the percentage of detached homes in the 2010 Census?
What percentage of housing in Southampton is converted or shared?
What kind of market is Cheltenham?
The authority is one of few what to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census?
What's the name of an over inflated market in the area?
In which year did the UK Government return census information?
What type of borough is Newcastle?
What is Newcastle home to a large population of?
What type of institution is Newcastle and Northumbria home to?
Jesmond and Heaton are areas with predominant what?
What is the average age of people living in Newcastle?
Many people in Newcastle have Scottish or Irish connections to their what?
Armstrong, Charlton, Elliot, Johnstone, Kerr, Hall, Nixon, Little and Robson are all surnames of what type?
Approximately how many Bolivians live in Newcastle?
What percentage of Newcastle's population is Bolivian?
What is the name of the dialect spoken in Newcastle?
What people spoke the language that gave rise to the Geordie dialect?
What does the Geordie dialect retain from the Anglo-Saxon language?
What Geordie word is pronounced "deed" like it was pronounced in the Anglo-Saxon language?
What does "burn" mean in English?
Where do "Bairn" and "hyem" come from?
Where are some words from the Geordie dialect found?
What language are the words "bonny", "howay", "stot" and "hadaway" from?
What appears to be exclusively used in Newcastle?
From what language does the word "hoy" come?
What was published in February 2007?
In a 2007 report, Newcastle was named as what type of city in the UK?
What was Newcastle's average level of noise in terms of decibels?
What was Newcastle's noise levels predicted to have on the health of its residents?
What location was included in the noise study that was without pedestrian access?
What street is referred to as the 'Diamond Strip'?
What type of complex is The Gate?
How many screens does the Empire multiplex cinema have?
What is Newcastle's gay scene called?
What does the Pink Triangle consist of?
What does Newcastle have a proud history of?
Who managed the original Theatre Royal, Newcastle for 15 years?
Through what did Stephen Kemble guide the theatre through?
In what year was the original Theatre Royal opened?
What was the site where the Theatre Royal was demolished to make way for?
The city still contains many of what?
What is the largest theatre in Newcastle?
What famous Shakespearean company has performed at the Theatre Royal for over 25 years?
What type of talent can be found at the Mill Volvo Tyne Theatre?
In 2006, NewcastleGateshead was voted what?
What is the name of the largest independent library outside London?
How many CDs does the music library have?
Who designed the current building of the Literary and Philosophical Society?
What was the first public building to be lit by electric light?
Who was the first speaker to give a lecture using electric lighting at a public building?
What event is organized by CAMRA?
When is the North East Art Expo held?
How often does the AV Festival take place?
What is the name of the food and drink festival held in mid June?
How many weeks does EAT! NewcastleGateshead run each year?
What is the largest travelling fair in Europe?
When does the Northern Rock Cyclone start?
What movement started The Hoppings?
What is the Northern Rock Cyclone?
What festival is held in Leazes Park in mid July?
What is the name of the two day multicultural event held in Newcastle?
Where will the 2009 International Arts Fair take place?
What annual event gives the public the opportunity to see work by designers?
What cultural festival is held in early October?
Where is the International Arts Fair held?
What type of music is Lindisfarne?
In what year did Lindisfarne release their most famous song?
What band is considered to be the originators of black metal?
What was the name of the first folk metal band?
What band was Andy Taylor the former lead guitarist of?
When was the Pilgrim Street building refurbished?
Where did the Tyneside Cinema relocate to during the refurbishment works?
How many theaters does the site currently hold?
What is the name of the UK's last news cinema still operating?
What type of extension was added to the Tyneside Cinema?
What is the name of the museum with a Science Village?
What does the Discovery Museum focus on?
What kind of heritage is featured in the Discovery Museum?
In what year did the Newcastle on Tyne Museum of Antiquities merge?
What museum is dedicated to children's books?
What is the earliest known movie to have exterior scenes filmed in Newcastle?
What 1971 movie was filmed in and around Newcastle?
What type of film was Stormy Monday?
Who directed the film Stormy Monday?
Along with Tommy Lee Jones, Melanie Griffith and Sean Bean, who notably appeared in Stormy Monday?
Where is the horse racing course in Newcastle located?
What is the name of the basketball team that plays at Northumbria University?
What is the name of the city's speedway team?
Where are the Newcastle Diamonds based?
What annual road race has been taking place in Newcastle since 1981?
How far away is Newcastle International Airport from the city centre?
How is Newcastle International Airport connected to the city?
How long does it take to travel from Newcastle International Airport to the city center?
How many passengers does Newcastle International Airport handle each year?
As of 2007, how many destinations are available worldwide from Newcastle International Airport?
What type of architecture was enhanced at Southampton's railway station?
How many railway stations in the UK are listed as Grade One?
Who opened the first covered railway station in the world?
Who collaborated with John Dobson in the construction of Southampton's railway station?
What is the name of the city's other mainline railway station?
What is the frequency of trains to London King's Cross provided by Virgin Trains East Coast?
What is the typical journey time for Virgin Trains East Coast trains to London King's Cross?
Where do all trains on the Virgin Trains East Coast call?
Which trains serve destinations in Yorkshire, the Midlands, and the South West?
Which train company provides local and regional services?
What is the name of the rail system that serves Newcastle?
How many phases did it go through?
What type of tunnels were built through Newcastle city centre?
What was built across the Tyne between Newcastle and Gateshead in 1981?
How many passengers does the Tyne and Wear Metro carry each year?
What is the name of the modernization of the rail system in Newcastle?
What kind of ticketing system is being phased in?
What is being overhauled?
What kind of trains do long term plans call for?
What type of transport would be used on some of the proposed routes?
What road stretches north to Edinburgh and south to London?
What road becomes the A68 after passing Newcastle Airport?
What was the old name of the A167?
What was renumbered between the Western Bypass and the A1?
What was increased in November 2011?
How many main bus companies operate in Newcastle?
How many major bus stations are in Newcastle?
Which bus company is Newcastle's main bus operator?
What is the name of Nexus?
What bus company operates from Eldon Square Bus Station?
When was Newcastle's cycling strategy first developed?
What does it mean to cut city congestion?
What kind of living does cycling promote?
What streets does it want to implement contraflows on?
What networks do Newcastle want to link their local networks to?
What company operates a ferry from Newcastle to IJmuiden?
When did the ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden stop?
What did they cite as the reason for ceasing service?
When did DFDS Seaways terminate their service to Bergen and Stavanger?
What cruise line uses Newcastle as a departure port?
How many LEA funded schools are in Newcastle?
How many independent schools with sixth forms are in Newcastle?
What is the largest co-ed independent school in Newcastle?
What is the largest general further education college in the North East?
What religion is St. Mary's Comprehensive School?
How many universities does Newcastle have?
What university won the Sunday Times University of the Year award in 2000?
What prestigious award did Newcastle University win in 2000?
What is the name of the UK-wide process in which universities are created?
What university was voted "Best New University" by The Times Good University Guide 2005?
How many cathedrals does Newcastle have?
When was the lantern tower at St. Nicholas built?
What language is the cathedral in Fenham?
The Church of St what is the only parish church in the Church of England without a peculiar?
What type of church did Newcastle's three cathedrals begin as?
What is traditionally recognised as the oldest church in Newcastle?
In what year was the main porch added to the church?
What was the last addition to the church in 1726?
What surrounds the Parish Church of St Andrew?
What structure was damaged by the Scots during the Siege of Newcastle?
Where was ITV Tyne Tees based for over 40 years?
Where did ITV Tyne Tees move in 2005?
Where is the Tube filmed?
Why is the building known as the Pink Palace?
What is the name of the local radio station?
What was the name of the first community radio station in the area?
What is the name of the community radio station run by students from both Newcastle and Newcastle University?
How long has Radio Tyneside been the voluntary hospital radio service?
What radio station is based at the Great North Children's Hospital?
Where does Newcastle Student Radio broadcast from?
In what year did composer Charles Avison die?
What position was held by Basil Hume?
What engineer and father of the modern steam railways was born in Newcastle?
What did Sir Joseph Swan invent?
What country was Abhisit Vejjajiva Prime Minister of?
Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch were both former pupils of what school?
What sport was Alan Shearer?
What award was won by Peter Higgs?
What is the most characteristic musical instrument in the region?
Where was musician Eric Burdon born?
Where is the Victoria and Albert Museum located?
How many objects does the V&A have?
When was the Victoria and Albert Museum founded?
What is the V&A famous for?
In what borough of London is the Victoria and Albert Museum located?
When was the Victoria and Albert Museum founded?
Who is the Victoria and Albert Museum named after?
Who funds the Victoria and Albert Museum?
Since when has the entrance to the V&A been free?
How many acres does the Victoria & Albert Museum cover?
How many galleries does the Victoria & Albert Museum have?
How many years of art does the V&A's collection span?
FromFrom what cultures does the V&A collection span?
The Victoria & Albert Museum has the world's largest collection of what type of sculpture?
Where the origins of the Victoria & Albert Museum?
Who was the V&A's first director?
What was the museum's original name?
Where was the Museum of Manufactures moved in September 1852?
Which architect designed the museum's original design?
Who opened the Victoria Museum in 1857?
When did the Victoria Museum officially open?
Who was the first Keeper of Fine Art Collection?
Gas lighting made what possible?
When did the Royal College of Art achieve full independence?
When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held?
How many people visited the Britain Can Make It exhibition?
The success of the Britain Can Make It exhibition led to what event?
What was the name of the festival that was held after the Britain Can Make It exhibition?
By what year had most of the collections been returned to the museum?
What did the V&A first host in Britain?
What band performed at the V&A in 1973?
Under whose innovative approach to bringing young people to museums was later emulated by other British museums?
What music did Gryphon study?
The V&A is in discussion with which university to open a new gallery?
What was the estimated cost of the V&A Dundee as of 2015?
Where will the V&A Dundee be located?
What will the V&A Dundee focus on?
When is it planned for the V&A Dundee to open?
What occupied the land previously occupied by the V&A Museum?
What was the first building to be erected that still forms part of the museum?
Who was the architect of the Sheepshanks Gallery?
What is the name of the section of the museum not open to the public?
What does the Secretariat Wing house?
What galleries were created in 1863 and only a small amount of which survives?
What style was adopted for the north range?
Who designed the bronze doors to the museum?
Who is the astronomer depicted on the panels in the north facade of the museum?
Who painted the panels on the north facade of the museum?
Who designed the Green Dining Room?
Who designed the stained glass windows in the Green Dining Room?
Who designed the Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77?
Who designed and sculpted the marble fireplace in the Centre Refreshment Room?
Who designed the Grill Room in 1876-81?
Who was the next architect to work at the museum after Captain Francis Fowke?
What is another name for the science schools?
What was the staircase made from?
What does the museum house today?
When did the Sackler Centre for arts education open?
What was used to decorate the east side of the building designed by F.W. Moody?
Who designed the wrought iron gates?
Where are the Brompton Boilers located?
What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott?
Who designed the exterior mosaic panels in the parapet?
Who designed the facade of the Victoria & Albert Museum?
What materials were used to build the facade of the museum?
How long is the main facade of the museum?
What is on the tower above the main entrance of the museum?
Where are statues of many of the British artists whose work is displayed in the museum interspersed?
Who sculpted the frame around the arches and entrance?
How many levels of galleries does the facade surround?
Who sculpted the frame around the arches and entrance?
The interior of the palace makes much use of what material?
Who appears above the frame around the arches and entrance, sculpted by Alfred Drury?
Where were new bookstacks created at the Museum in 1966 and 1967?
What is the name of the wing that the museum acquired in 1974?
What was constructed on the site of the former boiler house?
Who designed the iron gates to the new entrance building?
What was the intended site of the new entrance building?
What gallery was further enhanced in 2002 when some Victorian decoration was recreated?
What was restored in the 2006 renovation of the sculpture gallery?
What is the name of the plan to redesign all of the galleries in the Victoria & Albert Museum?
The tunnel to the subway led to which tube station?
Who designed the new Cafe at the Victoria & Albert Museum?
Who redesigned the central garden?
What was the central garden renamed when it opened in 2005?
What shape is the water feature in?
What is the water feature used for?
What type of tree is in the two corners by the north façade?
When did the V&A and Royal Institute of British Architects open their first permanent gallery?
What other institution joined the V&A in opening the first permanent gallery in the UK covering the history of architecture?
How many drawings does the RIBA Drawing and Archives Collection contain?
What Royal Institute collection was moved to the Victoria & Albert Museum in 2004?
How many photographs are in the RIBA Drawing and Archives Collection?
Who are the largest in the world?
Which modern architect is represented in the Royal Institute's Drawing collection?
How many drawings by Andrea Palladio are in the Royal Institute's collection?
Which British architect's drawings are in the Royal Institute's Drawing collection?
Who is one British architect whose drawings are in the Royal Institute's Drawing collection?
Where was Sir Paul Pindar's house built?
The facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house is a rare survivor of what event?
When was Sir Paul Pindar's house built?
A dormer window dated 1523-35 from what chateau is in the museum?
The main architecture gallery has a column from what famous palace?
How many items from the Islamic world does the Victoria & Albert Museum hold?
When did the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art open?
What is the highlight of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art?
The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art contains objects from which European country?
When was the Salting Bequest?
How many objects are in the Museum's South and East Asian collections?
How many textiles are in the Museum's South and East Asian collections?
How many paintings are in the Museum's South and East Asian collection?
When did the Jawaharlal Nehru Gallery of Indian art open?
What is the name of the gallery of Indian art that opened in 1991?
How many works of art does the Far Eastern collection contain?
What countries do the Far Eastern collections belong to?
Where did the V&A's Far Eastern collection open in 1991?
When did the T.T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art open?
The majority of artworks in the T.T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art date from which two dynasties?
Where is Amida Nyorai displayed?
When did the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art open?
In what century was Amida Nyorai's sculpture displayed?
What are the dates of most of the exhibits in the Toshiba gallery?
What is the metal in Suzuki Chokichi's incense burner?
When is Tibetan art represented?
What country has art in gold, silver, bronze, stone, terracotta and ivory?
What reflects the influence of India?
What are the gleaming boxes inlaid with?
What type of combs are on display in the larger galleries?
The Codex Forster contains note books belonging to whom?
What are the names of the three manuscripts in the Codex Forster?
How many books did Dyce leave to the museum?
When did the Reverend Alexander Dyce leave 14,000 books to the museum?
When was the Codex Forster given to the museum?
Along with Beatrix Potter, who is a notable writer whose papers are housed in the abbey library?
Along with Charles Dickens, who is a notable writer whose papers are in the library?
The Eadwine Psalter is an illuminated manuscript from what centuries?
What is the Armagnac manuscript about?
Who illuminated the 1524 Charter in the library?
What is another name for the National Art Library?
What computer system was used from the 1980s to the 1990s at the Victoria and Albert Museum?
What is EAD an abbreviation for?
Most items in the Victoria and Albert Museum collection probably don't show up in the computer system unless they're what?
What is the name of the feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum website that is not working?
When did the large scale digitization project begin in the Victoria and Albert Museum's Word and Image Department?
What was the name of the large digitization project in 2007?
The Factory Project referenced which artist?
How many images were taken during the Factory Project?
What is the second step of the Factory Project?
Who commissioned art from European artists?
Porcelain, cloth and wallpaper are imported from where?
What is one designer whose work is on display in the galleries?
Who was a major influence on the Gothic Revival?
What items are imported from Asia?
What led to the production of china and caddies?
What happened in the Georgian age?
Who led the backlash against industrialization?
What caused entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgewood?
John Ruskin's backlash against industrialization contributed to what movement?
What was cut in half to fit under the ceiling?
How was the replica of Trajan's Column made?
What is the name of the Michelangelo sculpture in the Cast Courts?
What are the plaster casts of in the Cast Courts?
Where is the Verrocchio replica displayed?
When was Meissen Vulture created?
Who designed the Möllendorff Dinner Service?
When was the Möllendorff Dinner Service designed?
When was the Salting Bequest made?
What did the Salting Bequest help add to the Museum's collection of?
Who are in the MoMA collection?
The Royal Doulton Museum has a large collection of Delftware from which countries?
What are the largest objects in the collection?
When were they made?
Where were the largest objects in the collection made?
How many years of glass making is in the museum?
How many items are in the collection?
Where is the earliest glassware in the MoMA collection?
Who represented the Art Deco style?
Who represented Art Nouveau?
When was the main gallery redesigned?
Who designed the glass balustrade on the staircase?
When did the contemporary glass gallery open?
Who created the chandelier in the rotunda at the Museum's main entrance?
The Luck of Edenhall dates back to what century?
How many British drawings are in the collection?
How many old master works are in the collection?
The museum has a large collection of works by which German artist?
Who is one of the masters represented in the collection?
Who is one of the artists represented in the collection?
How many costumes does the V&A's costume collection contain?
Where are costume sketches kept at the Victoria & Albert Museum?
Why is the V&A costume collection dominated by fashionable clothes made for special occasions?
In what year did the V&A receive one of the first significant gifts of costume?
Who gave the Talbot Hughes collection to the Victoria & Albert Museum?
In what year did the Victoria & Albert Museum acquire the Costiff collection?
Who is the designer of the costumes in the Costiff collection?
How many costumes did the museum acquire from Vivienne Westwood?
Who did the Museum buy 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes from?
What type of fashion does the MoMA continue to acquire?
The Soulages collection is comprised of objects from which two periods?
When was the Soulages collection acquired?
What is the John Jones Collection?
When was the John Jones Collection of French 18th century art and furnishings left to the museum?
How much was the John Jones Collection valued at in 1882?
When are the inlaid doors from Antwerp City Hall dated?
Who is attributed to the set of beautiful inlaid doors in Antwerp City Hall?
When is the finest piece of continental furniture in the collection dated?
Where is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet from?
Who are two modernist designers whose work is in the collection?
How many items are in the jewellery collection?
The jewellery collection at the Victoria & Albert Museum dates back to which ancient civilization?
When was Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection of 154 gems bequeathed?
How many gems was Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection of in 1869?
Who funded the new jewellery gallery at the Victoria & Albert Museum?
What is the division of objects in the museum?
When is the earliest known piece of English silver with a dated hallmark in the Museum?
How much does the Hereford Screen weigh?
Who designed the Hereford Screen?
How many objects are made from silver or gold?
When is the Gloucester Candlestick dated to?
What was the Gloucester Candlestick made from?
Who is the Becket Casket believed to contain relics of?
When is the Becket Casket dated?
What was the Becket Casket made from?
How many people signed an online petition to save the musical instruments gallery?
Who wrote the reply to Chris Smith about the future of the museum's musical instruments collection?
What museum was suggested as a possible recipient of the musical instrument collection?
How many instruments did the Horniman Museum receive?
In what year did the Royal Institute's Musical Instruments gallery close?
How many British paintings are in the museum's collection?
How many European oil paintings are in the museum?
How many British watercolours are in the museum's collection?
Who lent the Raphael Cartoons to the museum?
Who painted the scenes in the Spanish tempera on wood?
When did John Sheepshanks donate 233 paintings?
How many paintings did John Sheepshanks donate?
What did John Sheepshanks donate to the museum with the intention of doing?
The most significant oil sketch in the museum is an 1821 full size oil sketch for which family member?
William Blake, James Barry, Henry Fuseli, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, Sir David Wilkie, William Mulready, William Powell Frith, Millais and Hippolyte Delaroche are all contemporary artists from what nationality?
The 260 paintings and miniatures that formed part of the Jones bequest of 1882 are displayed in what galleries?
Who did François Boucher paint a portrait of in 1758?
What is one of the 260 paintings and miniatures that formed part of the Jones bequest of 1882?
Who is the portrait of François Clouet, Gaspard Dughet?
Who is responsible for the photographs of Animal Locomotion?
When were Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of Animal Locomotion taken?
How many plates are in Eadweard Muybridge's collection?
What do Muybridge's photographs capture?
Who's society portraits are housed in the Victoria & Albert Museum?
The V&A has the largest collection of what type of sculpture in the world?
How many objects are in the V&A's sculpture collection?
What time period does the V&A's sculpture collection cover?
How many uses of sculpture are represented in the V&A collection?
The museum shares a collection of The Three Graces with which other museum?
What is one of Bernini's most famous pieces?
Where is the largest item from Italy housed in the museum?
Who designed the Chancel Chapel?
When is the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence dated?
How many works of Rodin are in the MoMA collection?
Who gave the Rodin works to the MoMA?
When did Rodin donate his works to the MoMA?
What war did Britain support France in 1914?
The statue of which saint was purchased in 1902 by public subscription?
Which British sculptor whose work is in the British Museum collection was based in Britain?
Which British sculptor whose work is in the British Museum collection was based in Southampton?
Who is one of the British sculptors whose work is in the British Museum collection?
Nicholas Stone, Caius Gabriel Cibber, Grinling Gibbons, Peter Scheemakers, and Sir Henry Cheere were all British and what other nationality?
What new sculpture galleries opened in 2006?
The Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries extend the chronology of the works on display up to what year?
How are the galleries arranged?
What two British sculptors are featured in the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries?
What museum lent works to the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries?
How many examples are there?
What continents are represented in the textile collection?
How long do the pieces date back?
Where are most of the silks from?
How are the 53,000 examples classified?
What is the oldest known European tapestry?
What century are the four Devonshire Hunting Tapestries from?
Where were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven?
What do the tapestries depict?
Where are some of the finest tapestries in the collection from?
When was the Sicilian Tristan Quilt made?
Who designed many pieces of textile art for the Victoria & Albert Museum?
When was William Morris' "The Forest" tapestry created?
Who designed rugs and fabrics during the art deco period?
Who designed a rug from the art deco period?
What was the former name of the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries?
In what year did the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries open?
The V&A has the UK's largest national collection of what?
The V&A has the biggest national collection of material about live performance in the UK since whose day?
What happens at the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries?
Who is responsible for the long term preservation of the collections at the Victoria & Albert Museum?
What does the museum environment have to have?
What type of conservation involves cleaning and reintegration to strengthen fragile objects?
What is the name of the other museum that is under the purview of conservation?
What type of conservation involves performing surveys, assessments and giving advice on handling of items?
What company is the parent company of Disney Media Networks?
Since what year has ABC been stylized as abc?
In what city is ABC headquartered?
Where is ABC headquartered?
What division of The Walt Disney Company is ABC a part of?
When did ABC originally launch?
What was ABC's original business?
When did ABC expand to television?
What cable sports network did ABC buy an interest in in the 1980s?
Who did ABC merge with in the 1980s?
How many affiliates does ABC have?
Who owns ABC Radio stations?
How many owned-and-operated stations does ABC have?
Who regulates simultaneous substitution regulations in Canada?
Who owns ABC Radio stations?
What company owned the last radio network in the 1930s?
What were the names of the two radio networks owned by RCA?
What markets did NBC Red cover?
What type of programming was NBC Blue used to test?
What network was created in 1927 to test new programs?
Who filed a complaint with the FCC in 1934 regarding difficulties in establishing new radio stations?
In what year did the FCC begin an investigation of radio networks?
When did the FCC publish its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs?
What was the principal radio network in the US at the time?
What network was RCA accused of using to eliminate competition?
Who was given the mandate to sell NBC Blue in 1941?
What network did RCA convert into an independent subsidiary?
What investment firm tried to buy NBC Blue in 1942?
Who was president of RCA at this time?
How much did investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offer to purchase NBC Blue?
What was the name of the candy company that Edward John Noble owned?
When did the FCC give the go-ahead for the purchase of ABC?
Who owned the rights to the "American Broadcasting Company" name?
What was Woods' position at ABC until 1949?
When did Woods leave ABC?
What was brought to the US from Nazi Germany after its conquest?
Who conducted symphony performances for ABC?
What network aired Sherlock Holmes?
Which big name was attracted to ABC by using the Magnetophon tape recorder?
What tradition did NBC Blue follow?
How much did Disney pay for their interest in Eurosport in June 2000?
What was the name of the ABC network in the UK owned by the Disney Group?
When did ABC cancel ABC1 in the UK?
What network did Disney try to develop after ABC1 was shut down?
Where is ABC broadcast?
In what year did ABC begin selling programs to networks not owned by ABC?
What stopped ABC from having to many foreign stations?
Where did ABC sell its interest in international networks in the 1970s?
What did many governments want to increase their independence and strengthen?
What was ABC's first international event?
Where did Leonard Goldenson invest in broadcasting properties in the mid-1960s?
What Japanese network did ABC buy a 5% interest in in 1951?
Why couldn't CBS and NBC broadcast the coronation live?
Why couldn't CBS and NBC broadcast the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II live?
What series of cartoons has ABC owned the television rights to since 2000?
What major television awards are aired on ABC?
When did CBS first broadcast the Peanuts specials?
What major film awards does ABC currently hold the broadcast rights to?
What is the name of the Halloween special broadcast by ABC?
When did ABC begin to air Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve?
Who succeeded Dick Clark as host of ABC's New Year's Rockin'?
When did ABC first air the Miss America pageant?
Where does Dick Clark traditionally countdown from on New Year's Eve?
Who assumed television rights to the Miss America pageant in 2006?
What is the longest running soap opera on ABC?
When did CBS cancel The Edge of Night?
What daytime soap opera was cancelled by CBS in 1975?
What are two talk shows on ABC's daytime schedule?
When did General Hospital first air?
What weekend event does ABC air that is not broadcast by ESPN?
When did ESPN take over managing ABC's sports division?
When is ABC's weekend afternoons devoted to sports?
What league's games does ABC air on Sundays?
What two tennis tournaments does ABC show highlight compilations for during the summer?
Who was ABC's vice-president of engineering in 1947?
What VHF frequencies did Marx think would be taken over by the U.S. Army?
When did ABC submit five applications for television station licenses?
Where did ABC's television station applications request to broadcast?
How many existing television stations were in the United States at the end of the freeze?
How many television stations did Boston have in 1952?
What was ABC's third competitor in 1949?
What two networks were ABC's competitors in 1949?
Who forced UPT to become an independent entity?
UPT separated itself from what company at the end of 1949?
How many affiliates did ABC have?
What network was rumored to buy ABC in 1951?
Who provided the money to prevent ABC from going bankrupt?
Who was president of UPT in 1951?
Who was the founder of CBS?
When did UPT's board of directors approve the purchase of ABC?
In what year did the freeze on new station license applications end?
On what date did the FCC approve UPT's purchase of ABC?
What was the new name of UPT after its merger with ABC?
Where was American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc headquartered?
When did ABC's flagship owned-and-operated station, WJZ-TV, sign on the air?
When did the FCC implement a freeze on new station applications?
Where was KECA-TV's transmitter built?
What did ABC convert 20 acres of land in Hollywood into?
When was "The Flintstones" premiered?
What decade marked the rise of family-oriented series?
Who created The Flintstones?
What decade marked the rise of family-oriented series?
In what year did Walt Disney Productions purchase ABC's shares in Disneyland?
Who was Walt Disney's first television partner in color broadcasts?
When did ABC's contract with Walt Disney Productions expire?
When did ABC begin its relationship with Disney again?
What was ABC's web-based campaign focused around?
Who did ABC hire to design and produce its 2001-02 identity?
What color was the ABC logo in the 2000s?
What was the web-based campaign called that focused on ABC's circle logo?
Who designed the ABC graphical identity?
In what year did ABC stop using the four note theme?
What was the theme tune based around?
Where is the old ABC theme song still heard?
When did the ABC logo first appear on screen?
When did the ABC logo begin to appear throughout programs?
In what year did ABC celebrate its 40th anniversary?
What slogan was added to the ABC logo in 1983?
When was the first ABC ID card to have three-dimensional appearance?
On what background did the ABC Circle logo appear in 1977?
What color were the letters on the 1977 ID sequence?
Who redesigned the ABC logo in 1962?
What typeface is the ABC logo strongly reminiscent of?
Who designed the Bauhaus typeface in the 1920s?
When did the new ABC logo debut?
What was the name of the radio division that was being considered for sale in 2005?
When did ABC announce the restructuring of its divisions?
How many divisions did ABC Radio split into in 2005?
In what year did ABC's average viewership decline by ten ratings points?
Along with Desperate Housewives, Lost and Dancing with the Stars, what ABC drama debuted in 2004-2005?
Who became president of ABC in 2004?
Who did ABC Sports and ESPN partner with to broadcast the 2006 Nextel Cup?
When did The Bachelor first debut?
Who was the head of Disney in 2002?
What was ABC's first hit reality show?
What spinoff of The Bachelor premiered in 2002?
Who terminated carriage rights to ABC in April 2000?
Who was the most watched network in 2000-01?
Who was the most watched network in 2000-01?
When did the FCC order Time Warner Cable to restore ABC stations?
What year saw the end of "TGIF"?
Where did Sabrina, the Teenage Witch move to in 2000?
What network aired Family Matters after it left ABC?
When was "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" premiered?
Who hosted "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire"?
Who relaunched Millionaire as a syndicated program in 2002?
Who was the original host of Millionaire?
On what date did the Walt Disney Company announce its merger with Capital Cities/ABC?
What was the name of the subsidiary created by the merger?
Who bought the newspapers owned by ABC after the merger?
Who became president and CEO of ABC after Thomas S. Murphy left?
What was the name of the Aaron Sorkin-created sitcom that premiered in 1998?
When did color become the dominant format for all three broadcast television networks?
Where did ABC rank among broadcast television networks in 1965-66?
What book did Goldenson write in 1991?
On what date did ABC's New York City flagship stations change their calligns?
Where did ABC's New York City flagship stations move to in 1953?
Where was the WJZ call letters reassigned to in 1959?
Who was appointed president of ABC in 1950?
What network did Goldenson propose a merger with in 1954?
What would have been the new name of ABC after the merger with DuMont?
How much money would DuMont receive as a result of this merger?
What company was UPT a subsidiary of prior to its merger with ABC?
What was ABC's flagship show at this time?
What was the longest-running prime time comedy in US history?
What show was based on the 1947 film Wyoming Kid?
What was the name of the remake of The Boy from Oklahoma aired on ABC?
Who was the most famous Hollywood producer ABC had a deal with?
What was the name of the wheel series that showcased Warner's films?
What is Walt Disney's brother's name?
How much did Walt Disney want ABC to invest in Disneyland?
When did ABC agree to finance Disneyland?
What was the name of the project that ABC agreed to finance in exchange for a television program?
Who spearheaded the special programming project for ABC Radio's FM stations?
Who was the president of ABC Radio in 1968?
What was the name of ABC Radio's new format for FM stations?
How many owned stations were part of ABC's radio operation at this time?
In what year did ABC launch Movie of the Week?
What Spielberg film earned him early success?
When was Steven Spielberg's film Duel made?
What was the average budget of movies shown on Movie of the Week?
When did ABC begin to transition to color?
What network began to become the first place network in the 1970s?
What kind of data did ABC begin to use?
What was the NFL's premier game of the week until 2006?
In what year did Sunday Night Football move to NBC?
To what network did MNF move in 2006?
What was ABC's audience share during Monday Night Football?
When did the FCC pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
In what year did ABC split Worldvision Enterprises into two separate companies?
What was the name of the company ABC Films was split into in 1972?
What did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act ban?
When did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect?
Who bought ABC Great States in 1974?
Who became President and Chief Operating Officer of ABC in 1972?
When did Michael Eisner join ABC?
What show did Michael Eisner help bring about?
What type of programming did Eisner develop for ABC?
What company did Eisner move to after leaving ABC?
Who was president of ABC Television in 1975?
Who was the first president and director of programming of ABC Entertainment?
What was the name of ABC's detective series?
When did Good Morning America first air?
What job did Silverman hold after leaving ABC?
What spinoff of Happy Days debuted in 1976?
What was the name of the television trend that featured attractive, often buxom, women in main roles?
Who wrote 'Roots'?
Who produced The Love Boat?
How long did 'The Love Boat' last?
During what television season did ABC take first place in the ratings?
What was the name of the controversial soap opera parody that first featured a gay main character?
Who was named president of ABC News in 1977?
Besides being president of ABC News, what other ABC division was Roone Arledge responsible for?
What was the name given to the new building that was built in place of the old one?
When were ABC's New York City office buildings completed?
When was 20/20 created?
Who was the original 20/20 anchor?
Who was Hugh Downs paired with on 20/20?
Who did ABC sell its recording division to in 1979?
What was the name of ABC's 24 hour news channel?
What was the name of ABC's internet-only 24 hour news channel?
What Flint, Michigan station was purchased by ABC in 1994?
What Toledo station switched affiliations with ABC after its contract with NBC expired?
What union was on strike in 2007-2008?
What game show was one of ABC's strike replacement programs?
Who started rumors that ABC would sell its stations in 2008?
What was the name of the division created by the merger of ABC Studios and ABC Entertainment Group?
What was the name of the new division created by the merger?
What was the new name of ABC Radio?
Where did ABC and Disney Channel episodes of their programming stream on?
What year did ABC begin to see problems with its ratings?
When did ABC first air Lost?
What day was Ugly Betty moved to in the fall of 2009?
What day of the week was Ugly Betty moved to?
When did the FCC impose fin-syn rules?
What was the name of the syndication distributor created by ABC in 1970?
What was the name of the production company created by ABC?
Who bought the Ruby-Spears and Hanna-Barbera libraries in 1990?
Who handles domestic television distribution for ABC?
What was Disney-ABC Domestic Television previously known as?
What was Disney-ABC International Television formerly known as?
What is one library that is part of the ABC library?
What were the first two stations to carry ABC programming?
How many owned-and-operated stations does ABC have?
As of March 2015, how many additional stations does ABC have affiliations with?
What is ABC's estimated national reach?
When was ABC's first logo introduced?
What was ABC's 1953 logo based on?
When did ABC introduce its first color logo?
In what year was Supernanny cancelled?
What was the only remaining program on ABC after Supernanny was cancelled?
In what format is most of ABC's programming broadcast now?
What is the name of ABC's Saturday morning children's program that is broadcast in HD?
What is the native resolution format for ABC's master feed?
In what HD format does most of Hearst Television's stations transmit ABC programming?
How many affiliates owned by various companies carry the network feed in 480i standard definition?
What is the native resolution format for ABC's master feed?
What was the only drama to be renewed for a second season during the 2010-11 season?
What late-season premiere was renewed for a second season?
What network did ABC outrank in the 2010-11 season ratings?
What was ABC's only drama renewal in 2010-11?
What two long-running soap operas were canceled by ABC on April 14, 2011?
Who bought the rights to All My Children and One Life to Live after ABC canceled them?
Where did Prospect Park revive All My Children in 2013?
What show took the place of One Life to Live?
In what demo did ABC fall to fourth place in 2011-12?
When was the last time that NBC finished first in the 18-49 demo?
What network dominated the 2013-14 season in total viewership?
What Marvel show was renewed for a fourth season during the 2013-14 season?
What ABC show was cancelled in the 2013-14 season?
What were ABC's Wednesday comedies in this period?
What was 'Shark Tank' based on?
On what day of the week was Shark Tank shown?
Who starred on Last Man Standing?
Who departed from Capital Cities/ABC in February 1994?
Who took over after Daniel Burke?
What gritty police procedural debuted in September 1994?
Who created Doogie Howser, M.D.?
How long did 'NYPD Blue' run?
When did the FCC repeal the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
What French animation studio did Capital Cities/ABC buy in 1993?
Who did Capital Cities/ABC sign an agreement with to carry its owned-and-operated television stations on their systems?
What was ABC's total viewership share in 1993?
What Chicago radio station did ABC buy in 1960?
When did ABC purchase Chicago radio station WLS?
Who sought ABC's help in launching a television station in Toronto?
What station did ABC try to buy a stake in to help launch in Toronto?
What anthology series debuted on April 29, 1961?
Who created Wide World of Sports?
Who was the executive producer of Wide World of Sports?
What company was Edgar Scherick associated with when creating Wide World of Sports?
What was the new name given to American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres in 1965?
What was a pioneer in the blind date genre?
What ABC game show featured couples who guessed each other's partner's questions?
Where was ABC's new headquarters located?
By 1980, what percentage of all prime-time television viewership was held by ABC?
What opulent drama from Aaron Spelling premiered on ABC in 1981?
What was the name of the Happy Days spinoff?
What cable network operated as a joint venture with Hearst Corporation in 1981?
Who bought KXYZ in 1983?
Who did ABC purchase 80% of ESPN from in 1984?
What was the name of the competing arts channel before A&E?
What was the name of the cable network that resulted from the merger of ARTS and The Entertainment Channel?
Who did Thomas S. Murphy delegate his position as president to in 1990?
What role did Thomas S. Murphy continue to hold at this time?
What was Capital Cities/ABC's revenues in 1990?
What is the longest-running prime time entertainment program in ABC's history?
What did Tim Allen host?
What is the soap opera on ABC?
What are two talk/lifestyle shows on ABC?
When is Good Morning America shown?
Which late night talk show is hosted by Jimmy Kimmel?
Which three states are the only ones without an ABC affiliate?
What is ABC's low-power station in Birmingham, Alabama?
What station is ABC's low-power affiliate in South Bend, Indiana?
What low-power station is ABC's affiliate in Lima, Ohio?
Who produced television series for ABC beginning in 1962?
What was Touchstone Television reorganized as in February 2007?
Where was ABC's main production facility until 1999?
Where is ABC's New York City production facility?
Where are Good Morning America and Nightline broadcast from?
Which two major programs are broadcast from the Times Square Studios?
In 2006, what was the block of West End Avenue renamed?
Peter Jennings was the chief anchor of what program?
What is the name of ABC's traditional video on demand service?
What streaming service does the Walt Disney Company own a stake in?
When did ABC begin offering full episodes of its programming on Hulu?
How much of an ownership stake does Disney have in Hulu?
When are most recent episodes of ABC shows available on Watch ABC, Hulu and ABC on Demand?
How many days after an episode of any ABC program is the most recent one available on Hulu after its initial broadcast?
What does ABC on Demand not allow?
When were restrictions implemented on ABC's streaming services?
Who designed ABC's new logo?
How many variants are there of the ABC logo?
What is the name of ABC's custom typeface?
What network uses the red version of the ABC logo?
How many primary affiliates did ABC have in 1954?
How many affiliates carried CBS programming?
What act mandated the inclusion of UHF tuning?
What did Congress mandate in 1961?
Where was WKST-TV located in Ohio?
How much lower viewership was ABC compared to its competitors?
What station in Wheeling, West Virginia began airing ABC programming on a digital subchannel in the 2000s?
When did some small markets begin to support a full-time ABC affiliate?
What was the new name given to the ABC anthology series in 1958?
Who made The Untouchables?
Why did CBS turn down The Untouchables?
When did The Untouchables first air?
What was the name of ABC's movie show on Sunday nights in 1962?
What was ABC's total revenue in 1962?
Who created The Jetsons?
What was the first show to be broadcast in color on ABC?
When did General Hospital first air?
What company did ABC propose a merger with in 1965?
Who was the head of the Department of Justice at this time?
Who filed an antitrust complaint against the merger?
When was the merger with ITT finally terminated?
What company was Thomas S. Murphy the CEO of?
How much did Capital Cities pay for ABC?
Who lent Capital Cities the remaining $500 million to finance the purchase of ABC?
Who did Capital Cities sell WXYZ-TV and Tampa independent station WFTS-TV to?
What was the maximum amount of television stations a broadcaster could own as of January 1985?
When did the merger between ABC and Capital Cities receive federal approval?
What was the name of the combined company after the merger?
What position did Frederick S. Pierce hold after the merger?
Who became vice president of ABC Broadcasting?
Who became president of ABC News and ABC Sports?
What ABC show ended in 1983?
What ABC show had a spinoff in 1984?
Which network regained the lead among the Big Three networks in 1984?
What show ended its run in 1986?
What did ABC focus on in the mid 1980s?
What does "TGIF" stand for?
What does "TGIF" stand for?
Who produced most of the shows on the TGIF block?
What studio was Miller-Boyett Productions a part of?
What was the maximum amount of radio stations a broadcasting company could own nationwide in 1968?
What was the first film produced by ABC Pictures?
Who directed Charly?
When was ABC Motion Pictures dissolved?
Where was ABC Marine World located?
What genre of shows were ABC known for?
How much did ABC's advertising revenues increase between 1953 and 1958?
What was ABC's national reach in the 1950s?
Who was president of ABC Entertainment in 1957?
Who was the host of American Bandstand?
What did ABC use to compete with its rivals?
What actioner aired on ABC in 1957?
What magazine criticized the use of short shows in May 1961?
What type of shows did ABC air in 1959?
What was the name of ABC's streaming service launched in May 2013?
What were the first stations to offer live broadcasts of ABC programming on WatchESPN?
What company agreed to stream its ABC affiliates on WatchESPN?
What is the name of ESPN's streaming service?
Who owns the largest ABC subchannel affiliate by market size?
What is the largest ABC subchannel affiliate by market size?
Who owns 15 ABC stations?
How many affiliates does the Sinclair Broadcast Group own?
How many ABC affiliated stations does the E.W. Scripps Company own?
What was the new ABC imaging campaign called?
Who developed the "Start Here" campaign?
What did red ribbons represent?
What division of ABC was represented by blue ribbons?
What are the names of ABC affiliates in Tampa, Florida?
What are the names of ABC affiliates in Kansas City, Missouri?
What are the names of ABC affiliates in Grand Rapids, Michigan?
What station was Tampa's ABC affiliate prior to 1994?
What did Genghis Khan found?
Who did Genghis Khan unite?
Where did Genghis Khan massacre civilians?
By the end of his life, what did the Mongol Empire occupy?
What did Genghis Khan raid?
Who did Genghis Khan assign as his successor?
In what year did Genghis Khan die?
Who did Genghis Khan defeat in 1227?
Who did Genghis Khan split his empire among?
Where was Genghis Khan buried?
Where was Temüjin born?
Who was Temüjin's father?
When was Temüjin born?
Who was Temüjin named after?
What was the name of Temüjin's sister?
What were the names of Temüjin's brothers?
Who was Temüjin's wife?
What tribe did Börte belong to?
Who was the head of the new household?
Who was Temujin's older half brother?
Who was Temujin's mother?
Who killed Begter?
When did Temujin's resentment erupt?
Who were his former allies?
How were the Tayichi'ud able to enslave Temüjin?
Who helped Temüjin escape from the Tayichi'ud?
Who were Genghis Khan's future allies?
Where did Temüjin escape from the ger?
What was used to make temporary alliances in Mongolia?
Who taught Temüjin about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
What foreign force was a constant threat to the political stability of Mongolia?
What did Hoelun teach Temüjin about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
What tribe did Börte belong to?
Who kidnapped Börte?
Who helped rescue Börte?
What was the name of Temüjin's son?
When was Jochi born?
How many sons did Börte have?
What was the name of the third son of Börte?
When did Chagatai die?
Who was the last son of Börte?
How many daughters did Genghis have?
What is another term for "anda"?
Who did Temüjin turn to for support?
Toghrul was the Khan of what tribe?
How many warriors did Toghrul send?
Who was a childhood friend of Toghrul?
What group did Jamukha support?
Who proclaimed that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temüjin?
In what year was Temüjin elected as the khan of the Mongols?
In what battle did Jamukha defeat Temüjin?
Toghrul was exiled to where?
What was the incentive for obedience to the rule of law?
What did the Yassa code promise civilians?
Who did Temüjin adopt?
What did Temüjin take the conquered tribe under?
Who was the eldest son of Temüjin?
Who did Toghrul ally himself with?
Who did Toghrul ally himself with?
Jamukha's defeat led to the demise of what tribe?
What group posed a threat to Temüjin?
In what year did a khuruldai elect Jamukha as Gür Khan?
What is the English translation of the term Gür Khan?
What was the name of Jelme's younger brother?
In what year was Jamukha turned over to Temüjin?
What did Temüjin offer to Jamukha?
Why did Temüjin kill the men who betrayed Jamukha?
What did Jamukha ask for?
What is the custom to die without spilling blood?
From what country did Genghis learn siege warfare?
Who wanted to be the ruler of the Mongol tribes?
Who was Genghis Khan's loyal brother?
What was one way that Genghis Khan gained intelligence?
Who was his father's ally?
By what year had Temüjin managed to unite or subdue many smaller tribes under his rule?
At what Mongol gathering was Temüjin acknowledged as Khan?
What title did Genghis Khan receive after his death?
Who was Genghis Khan's successor?
What is a Khuruldai?
What did Genghis Khan plan to conquer in 1211?
Who did the Jin commander send to the Mongols?
When did Genghis attack Zhongdu?
Where did Emperor Xuanzong move his capital to?
Who reigned from 1232 to 1233?
Who was the leader of the Naiman confederation that was defeated by Temüjin?
What dynasty was the Western Liao descended from?
How many soldiers did Genghis send against Kuchlug?
Who was known as "The Arrow"?
What was Jebe also known as?
What did the Mongols resort to?
Where was Kuchlug defeated?
By 1218, the Mongol Empire extended as far west as what lake?
What is another name for the Khwarezmia?
What was the Khwarezmid Empire?
Who ruled the Khwarazmian dynasty in the early 13th century?
Who was the governor of Otrar?
Who was beheaded in the second group sent by Genghis Khan?
How many soldiers did Genghis Khan send to invade Khwarezmia?
What route did Genghis Khan use to trade with Khwarezmia?
Genghis Khan's army crossed which mountains?
How many divisions did Genghis Khan's army have?
Where did Jebe's division march to form?
Along with Genghis Khan, who led the third division?
What city did the first division attack?
What was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeat?
What town did the Mongols take control of?
What did Genghis Khan pour into Inalchuq's eyes?
What did the Shah do at the end of the battle?
Who did Genghis Khan order to hunt down the Shah?
What was the capital of the Khwarezmid Empire?
Where was the capital moved to after Samarkand fell?
What did Genghis Khan divert through the Khwarezmid emperor's birthplace?
What did the Mongols use as body shields?
What did Genghis do with the surrender terms?
What were raised as a symbol of victory?
What did the city leaders do to prevent the Mongols from entering the city?
Who held the citadel for another twelve days?
Who were sent back to Mongolia after fleeing Bukhara?
What did Genghis Khan refer to himself as?
Who were drafted into the Mongolian army?
When did the Khwarezmian Empire fall?
Who suggested splitting the army into two armies?
Where did the Mongols overwintered?
At what river did Subutai's army defeat the Kievan army?
Who were the leaders of Kievan Rus?
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
What group did Batu lead?
Who led the famous cavalry expedition?
In what year did Subutai and Jebe return to Mongolia?
Where did Jebe die?
When did Genghis Khan begin a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts?
When did Genghis take Xiliang-fu?
Who did one of the Tangut generals challenge to a battle near Helan Mountains?
What river did Genghis Khan cross to reach Lingzhou?
What did Genghis Khan see at Lingzhou?
What was the capital of Tangut?
What was the name of the Tangut general who led the resistance at Deshun?
What weapon killed Ma Jianlong?
Where did Genghis Khan go after taking Deshun?
What did Genghis Khan do to the entire Tangut family?
Who was Genghis' oldest son?
Who voiced the strongest opinion on the issue of Jochi's paternity?
What event preceded the succession discussion between Chagatai and Khan?
Who was appointed as the successor by Chagatai?
Which two sons did Genghis Khan worry might cause conflict if he died?
Which son of Genghis Khan was considered unstable due to his temper?
Who was Genghis Khan's youngest son?
Who did Genghis Khan choose as his successor?
When did Jochi die?
Where did Jochi remain after his brothers were sent?
What territory did Jochi claim as a fief?
Who died in 1223?
Why is the story of Jochi's death uncertain?
What was the capital of Western Xia?
Where did Genghis fall from his horse?
What type of wound did Marco Polo say Genghis was killed by?
Who was Yinchuan the capital of?
Who invented the legend of Genghis being stabbed by a princess?
How was Genghis Khan buried?
Where was Genghis Khan born?
What river is Genghis Khan presumed to be buried near?
What is the name of Genghis Khan's burial site?
What is the Mongolian name for the Lord's Enclosure?
Where was the mausoleum taken to safety?
Where did the mausoleum end up?
In what year was Genghis Khan's bier returned to Mongolia?
Who destroyed most of the artifacts in 1968 during the Cultural Revolution?
When was Genghis Khan's palace found?
What was diverted over Genghis Khan's grave to make it difficult to find?
What other famous kings were buried in the same manner as Genghis Khan?
What animals are said to have trampled over Genghis Khan's grave?
Who created the Yassa?
What was the name of the military code of the Mongol Empire?
What was the governing philosophy of the Mongol Empire?
Who was the exception to the meritocracy of the Mongol Empire?
What notable Khan was part of the Mongol Empire?
What did the Mongol Empire provide to religious figures?
Who was Genghis Khan's rival?
What did Mongol tradition hold about religion?
What religions did the Mongol tribes practice?
Who took over when the next Khagan was to be chosen?
What was the name of the policy that encouraged trade and communication?
What sedentary people did Genghis Khan try to ban?
What would a civil state under the Great Yassa have established?
Who did Genghis Khan ask to help him govern cities conquered by him?
Why couldn't Genghis Khan find competent administrators among his Mongol subjects?
Who had captured power by displacing the Khitan?
Who was Chu'Tsai a descendant of?
Who did Genghis Khan put absolute trust in?
What was the capital of the Mongol Empire?
Who was given command of the Mongol forces when Genghis was fighting the Jin dynasty?
Which generals led the Great Raid into the Caucasus?
What did Genghis Khan expect from his generals?
What did the Mongols divert to cut off resources for cities and towns?
What countries' siege engines did the Mongol army use to capture cities?
What was a common tactic used by the Mongol military to break enemy formations?
How did the Mongols often capture enemy prisoners?
By the time of his death, where did the Mongol Empire stretch to?
At the time of Genghis Khan's death, the Mongol Empire extended from the sea to what body of water?
Who was Genghis's successor?
When did the Song dynasty of China end?
What is Genghis Khan credited with bringing together?
In what country is it popular for male children to carry Genghis Khan's title as name?
What type of religion was Genghis Khan?
What happened to the communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia?
When did the Mongolian People's Republic period begin?
What did Genghis Khan do?
What do Mongolians sometimes call themselves when referring to Genghis Khan?
What do Mongolians dislike about Genghis Khan?
How do Mongolians feel about the historical records written by non-Mongolians?
What is the Mongolian word for 20,000?
Who is featured on products, streets, buildings, and other places in Mongolia?
What is the name of Mongolia's main international airport?
Why have there been discussions about regulating the use of Genghis Khan's name?
Where is Mongolia's main international airport?
What was the first written Mongolian law?
What did Ikh Zasag target heavily?
Who is the President of Mongolia?
What script is Genghis Khan credited with introducing?
Where are there monument and buildings about Genghis Khan?
What is the population of the Inner Mongolia region?
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
What dynasty did Kublai Khan establish?
Who was Kublai Khan?
In what country did Genghis Khan wreak havoc?
How much of the Iranian Plateau population did the Mongols decimate?
How many people are thought to have died on the Iranian Plateau during the Mongol invasions?
What was the name of the descendant of Genghis Khan who sacked Baghdad?
Who halted Hulagu Khan's invasion of Baghdad?
Who was Hulagu's descendant?
When did Batu Khan invade Kievan Rus?
What were the only two cities that survived the Mongols' invasion of Eastern Europe?
Who were proud descendants of Genghis Khan?
What notable Mongol leader did the Mughal emperors patronize?
AttarOf what region was Attar from?
What was the Mongolian and Turkic word that Genghis Khan is thought to be descended from?
Along with the ocean, what lake was called tenggis by the Mongols?
What does Zhèng mean?
What is the Chinese word for "right?"
What 13th century Mongolian pronunciation would have closely matched Genghis?
What is the Mongolian spelling for Genghis Khan?
What is the Turkic spelling for Chinggis Khan?
What is the pinyin for Temüjin?
What are the three different ways the title is spelled in English?
What is the pinyin for Genghis Khan?
What is the word pharmacy derived from?
What did a pharma sell besides drugs?
What does the word 'pharma' imply?
What is the modern meaning of apothecary?
What did pharmas use?
What is the profession of a pharmacist?
What do pharmacists strive for?
What do pharmacists do?
What is another profession that pharmacists can be employed in?
What does a pharmacist have?
Who manages a pharmacy technician in the UK?
Where does a pharmacy technician register as a professional?
What does the GPhC do?
What is a Pharmacy Technician in the UK considered to be?
What has happened to the role of phT in the UK?
What is Pedanius Dioscorides famous for?
What coined the term materia medica?
What term did De Materia Medica give rise to?
Who was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants in Ancient Greece?
Who built upon De Materia Medica?
How were men who fulfilled roles similar to modern pharmacists regarded?
What laws defined the place of pharmacists in society?
Where were ranked positions for pharmacists established?
What was the status of pharmacists in Japan?
How was the pharmacist ranked in relation to the personal physicians of the Emperor?
Advances in what fields led medieval Islam to develop pharmacology?
Who promoted the use of chemical compounds in medicine?
Who invented the technique of sublimation?
Who wrote The foundations of the true properties of Remedies?
What did Al-Muwaffaq write about?
When did the Franciscan monastery in Dubrovnik open?
Where is the oldest pharmacy in Europe located?
What is the present purpose of the oldest pharmacy in Italy?
What does the Esteve Pharmacy house?
When was the oldest pharmacy in Italy established?
What is a dispensary subject to in most countries?
Where did pharmacists used to be located?
What are pharmacacy technicians now more dependent on?
What do pharmacists now have to deal with?
What are some of the requirements of pharmacy legislation?
What is one way that pharmacists working in hospitals gain more education?
What do clinical pharmacists specialize in?
What is one of the main concerns with medications?
Who goes through a pharmacy practice residency?
Where are hospital pharmacies located?
What are most medications in hospitals?
What have some hospitals decided to outsource?
Why have hospitals decided to outsource some compounding?
What do hospital pharmacies offer?
What do pharmacists do?
Where did the clinical pharmacy movement begin?
Who do pharmacists work with to improve pharmaceutical care?
What do clinical pharmacists often participate in?
Where do pharmacists work?
What is the role of a clinical pharmacist?
What is one of the main things a pharmacist does during the drug review process?
What are some of the factors that a pharmacist looks at during drug therapy?
What does a pharmacist monitor?
What authority do ambulatory care pharmacists have in the U.S. federal health care system?
In what states are these pharmacists given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority?
When did the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approve ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification?
What is the official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam?
What are some federal health care systems in the US?
What is the main focus of a consultant pharmacy practice?
Where do most consultant pharmacists work?
What are some large companies that employ consultant pharmacists?
Why are consultant pharmacists now working directly with patients?
What do some community pharmacies do?
When have there been an increasing number of internet pharmacies?
What type of businesses are most Internet pharmacies operated by?
What is another name for an Internet pharmacy?
Why do some prefer to go to a community drugstore?
What is the primary difference between an Internet pharmacy and a brick-and-mortar community pharmacy?
Why do some customers order drugs from these websites?
Why is this practice of selling drugs without a prescription criticized?
What have some internet pharmacies been reported doing?
What do some internet pharmacies do?
What do most internet pharmacies sell?
What is a particular concern with Internet pharmacies?
What does it mean for a prescription to be valid?
What is a particular concern with Internet pharmacies?
What does it mean for a prescription to be valid?
What does the filling pharmacy have to do?
What outlines what defines a valid patient-doctor relationship?
What is an example of a controlled substance that can be obtained online?
Why has the US been trying to legalize the importation of drugs?
Where has there been a push to legalize the importation of medications from?
Who is law enforcement focused on?
Has the United States ever arrested a citizen for buying drugs from Canada without a prescription?
What is the push in the US to do to reduce drug costs?
What does pharmacy informatics combine?
Where do informaticists work?
What does it serve?
What are pharmacists trained to participate in?
How fast is pharmacy informatics growing?
What type of pharmacy carries novel medications that need to be carefully monitored?
How many of the 28 FDA approved medications in 2013 were specialty drugs?
What disease states do specialty pharmacies supply?
What do specialty pharmacies carry?
What do specialty pharmacies provide?
How are pharmacists regulated in the US?
Who can supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public?
What organization's Code of Ethics allows doctors to dispense drugs within their offices?
What percentage of American physicians dispense drugs on their own?
What are pharmacists not allowed to do?
What other country has a law similar to the United Kingdom's in regards to general physicians?
Where are dispensing physicians allowed to both prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines?
What is the current distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy in the UK?
How far away is the nearest pharmacy in Austria?
What is the reason for majority rule?
Why does a doctor exaggerate the seriousness of an illness?
The majority rule system reflects much similarity to what?
What is a conflict of interest when a physician is trying to sell more medications?
What is the patient's interest?
What are pharmacists expected to do in the coming decades?
What are pharmacists now expected to do beyond dispense of medication?
What does MTM mean?
What does MTM consist of?
What does MTM achieve?
What provinces in Canada have limited prescribing rights?
Who pays the pharmacists who conduct Home Medicines Reviews?
What are pharmacists being paid for by the UK government?
What has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy in the U.S.?
What does it mean to be a pharmacist?
What are the two most common symbols associated with pharmacy in English speaking countries?
Untilthe early 20th century what was the symbol for pharmacy?
Where is the Bowl of Hygieia often used?
Where is the red stylized letter A used?
Where is the green Greek cross used?
What is the immune system?
What must the immune system detect to function properly?
What are two major subsystems of the immune system?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what other system?
The immune system is comprised of what?
What does the immune system have to detect?
What are two major subsystems of the immune system?
What does the immune system protect against?
What are a variety of agents that the immune system must detect?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what other system?
What are two fluid-brain barriers in humans?
What are a variety of agents that the immune system must detect?
What are two major subsystems of the immune system?
What is a sub-system of the adaptive immune system?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what other system?
Why can't a pathogen be detected by the immune system?
What is the rudimentary immune system of bacteria?
Where did phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides and defensins come from?
What does adaptive immunity do?
What type of infection can bacteria defend against?
What are antimicrobial peptides called?
What is acquired immunity the basis of?
What is the basis of vaccination?
What can disorders of the immune system result in?
When does immunodeficiency occur?
What does immunodeficiency result in?
What can cause immunodeficiency in humans?
What is an example of an autoimmune disease?
What is it called when the immune system is less active than normal?
What is it called when the immune system attacks normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms?
What discipline studies the study of the immune system?
What is an example of an acquired condition that can cause immunodeficiency?
When was the first known reference to immunity?
What venom did Maupertuis use in his experiments?
Who developed the germ theory of disease?
Who discovered the yellow fever virus?
Who was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1905 for his work on the cause of infectious disease?
What were confirmed as the cause of infectious disease in 1891?
What virus was discovered by Walter Reed?
When was the first known reference to immunity?
What allows the adaptive immune system to mount faster and stronger attacks each time it encounters a new pathogen?
What provides an immediate, non-specific response if a pathogen breaches physical barriers?
What is the second layer of protection vertebrates possess if pathogens successfully evade the innate immune system?
What is found in all plants and animals?
What is the second layer of protection vertebrates possess if pathogens successfully evade the innate immune system?
What allows the adaptive immune system to mount faster and stronger attacks each time it encounters a new pathogen?
What prevents pathogens from entering an organism?
Imm depends on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between what two molecules?
Immunology defines antigens as what type of molecules?
Antigens are a class of what type of molecules?
What are substances that bind to specific immune receptors and elicit an immune response called?
Antigen molecules bind to what to elicit an immune response?
What receptors trigger the innate immune system?
What is the dominant system of host defense?
Pattern recognition receptors recognize components that are conserved among broad groups of what?
What term describes the way that innate immune defenses respond to pathogens?
What kind of mechanical barrier protects insects from infection?
What is the first line of defense against infection in leaves?
How are pathogens expelled from the lungs?
What secreted by the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract serves to trap and entangle microorganisms?
Along with urine, what releases pathogens from the body?
What antimicrobial peptide does the skin and respiratory tract secrete?
What enzymes are present in saliva, tears, and breast milk?
What does semen contain?
What protects the stomach from ingested pathogens?
When do they become acidic?
What serves as biological barriers within the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts?
What can an overgrowth of cause conditions like vaginal candidiasis?
What bacteria is normally found in unpasteurized yogurt?
What conditions in the environment can change commensal flora?
What is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection?
What causes the symptoms of inflammation?
What causes inflammation?
What eicosanoid produces fever?
What is the name of a cytokine that is responsible for communication between white blood cells?
What cells perform cellular innate immunity?
How are phagocytes called to specific locations?
What vesicle is a pathogen trapped in after being engulfed by a phagocyte?
What is formed when a lysosome and a phagosome fuse?
What was phagocytosis originally used for?
Which phagocytes travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
Which phagocyte is the most abundant in the bloodstream?
What percentage of total leukocytes are neutrophils?
What is the process called when neutrophils migrate to the site of inflammation?
What regulatory factor do macrophages produce?
What are the second arm of the innate immune system?
What cells are the second arm of the innate immune system?
Innate cells are also important mediators in the activation of what?
What cells do phagocytes consist of?
What cells are located mainly in the skin, nose, lungs, stomach, and intestines?
What are DC cells named after?
What type of cells do dendritic cells present antigens to?
What type of cells do dendritic cells present antigens to?
What is it called when cells with low levels of MHC I have low surface markers are recognized by NK cells?
What are a component of the innate immune system?
What is the term for cells that have low levels of a cell-surface marker?
What receptors stop the activation of NK cells?
The adaptive immune system evolved in what early animals?
The adaptive immune response is antigen-specific and requires the recognition of specific "non self" antigens during what process?
Antigen specificity allows the generation of responses that are tailored to what?
What are the two major subtypes of T cells?
Which type of T cells have a role in modulating immune response?
What do killer T cells only recognize?
What type of molecules do helper T cells only recognize?
What is a third minor subtype of T cells that recognize intact antigens?
What are a sub-group of T cells that kill cells infected with viruses?
What is the co-receptor on the T cell called?
What binds to an antigen to activate Killer T cells?
What is a protease?
What cytotoxins are released when an activated T cell contacts cells that are infected with viruses?
What receptor recognizes the MHC:antigen complex?
How many receptors on a helper T cell must be bound by an MHC:antigen in order to activate it?
How can killer T cells be activated?
What does a resting helper T cell release?
What molecule is also called CD154?
What do they share?
What do gamma delta T cells possess?
What type of cells straddle the border between innate and adaptive immunity?
What do γδ T cells rearrange TCR genes to produce?
What cells respond to common molecules produced by microbes?
What cell identifies pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen?
What process breaks down the antigen/antibody complex into peptides?
What releases when a helper T cell binds to an antigen?
When B cells and T cells are activated, what do some of their offspring become?
What is it called when an individual's memory cells become active long term memory cells?
Immunological memory can be in which two forms?
What do these memory cells remember?
Newborn infants have no prior exposure to what?
What type of antibody is transferred from mother to baby directly across the placenta?
What contains antibodies that are transferred to the gut of the infant?
What is it called when antibodies are transferred from the mother to the newborn?
What can hormones act on the immune system?
Female sex hormones are known immunostimulators of what?
What autoimmune disease strikes women preferentially?
What does testosterone do?
What protein is closely related to T-cell differentiation and circadian rhythms?
What are some chronic conditions that can be caused by disrupted circadian rhythms?
Active immunizations have a diminished effect when a person is suffering from what?
What does it mean when hormones decline?
What vitamin does the skin become less adept at producing as people age?
What is regulated by the immune system?
What vitamin D vitamin does the elderly produce less of due to UVB radiation?
What do the immune system use to destroy abnormal cells?
What are tumor antigens presented on?
Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules in a similar way to what?
What is generated to destroy tumor cells?
What cells do animals lack?
What are PAMPs?
What happens to cells at the site of infection when a plant becomes hypersensitive?
What is a defensive response used by plants to render the entire plant resistant to an infectious agent?
What is important in the systemic response?
What is the other end of immune dysfunction?
What does the immune system fail to distinguish between?
Where are specialized cells located?
What do many T cells and antibodies react with?
What is it called when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive?
In which age group is the immune system's ability to respond to pathogens diminished?
At what age does the immune system begin to decline?
What are common causes of poor immune function?
What is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in developing countries?
What represents the most effective manipulation of the immune system mankind has developed?
What is the principle behind vaccination also called?
What does vaccination introduce to stimulate the immune system?
What does the deliberate induction of an immune response exploit?
What do bacteria secrete to overcome physical barriers?
What type of secretion system allows bacteria to insert a hollow tube into a host cell?
What are proteins in a type III secretion system used to do?
What is the success of any pathogen?
Who developed the clonal selection theory of immunity?
What does CST say triggers a destructive immune response?
What was CST modified to reflect new discoveries regarding?
Who suggested the clonal selection theory?
What are the most powerful anti-inflammatory drugs?
What are methotrexate and azathioprine used with?
What are two other drugs that can be used in conjunction with anti-inflammatory drugs?
What is an example of an immunosuppressive drug?
What cells peak during wake periods?
What molecules peak during awake active times?
What substance can cause inflammation during sleep?
Melatonin can counteract what type of production?
What does a T-cell extend when it encounters a foreign pathogen?
What is the active form of vitamin D?
What kind of relationship do T-cells have with vitamin D?
What gene does a T-cell express that converts vitamin D to its active form?
What other immune system cells express CYP27B1?
What proteins are used by nearly all organisms to identify pathogens?
What is the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity?
What cells are also used by most forms of invertebrate life?
What is thought to play a role in the immune response to viruses?
What are two classical molecules of the adaptive immune system?
What are some primitive jawless vertebrates?
What are the large array of molecules found in primitive jawless vertebrates called?
Immunoglobulins and T cell receptors are classical molecules of what?
In invertebrates, what cells do not generate an antibody-based humoral response?
What is the unique defense mechanism bacteria use to protect themselves from viruses?
What do bacteria use to protect themselves from viruses?
What sequences do prokaryotes use to retain fragments of the genomes of phage that they have come into contact with?
What did the 20th century see a battle between?
Who was the main proponent of the cellular theory of immunology?
Cellular immunology states that cells called what are responsible for immune responses?
Who were proponents of humoral immunology?
Humoral immunology believes that the origin of the immune system lies in what?
What do some tumors go on to become?
What molecules do tumors have a reduced number of on their surface?
What product can suppress the immune response?
TGF-β suppresses the activity of what cells?
What is an immune response that damages the body's own tissues?
How many classes are there?
Which type of hypersensitivity is immediate or anaphylactic?
What triggers Type I hypersensitivity?
What is it called when antibodies bind to a patient's cells and mark them for destruction?
What is it called when a pathogen hides within the cells of its host?
What is an example of an intracellular pathogen?
What eukaryotic parasites cause malaria?
What bacteria lives inside a capsule that prevents lysis by complement?
What is the surface protein of Staphylococcus bacteria that binds to antibodies?
What is it called when a pathogen rapidly changes non-essential epitopes on the surface while keeping essential epitopes concealed?
What virus constantly mutates?
What parasite constantly switching one type of surface protein for another, allowing it to stay one step ahead of the antibody response?
What do viruses often mask with host molecules?
What is it called when the immune system is able to identify and eliminate tumors?
What virus causes cervical cancer?
What enzyme transforms certain skin cells into tumors called melanomas?
What are tumors formed by tyrosinase called?
What type of skin cells are transformed by tyrosinase?
At what size can larger drugs provoke a neutralizing immune response?
What amino acids are overrepresented in epitope regions?
What is the study of large sets of proteins involved in the immune response?
A publicly accessible database has been established for the cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens known to be recognizable by what?
What is the emerging field of bioinformatics-based studies of immunogenicity referred to as?
What hormones are increased during the slow-wave-sleep stage?
The milieu of hormones produced at the slow-wave-sleep stage support the interactions between T-cells and what other molecule?
Which immune response initiates long-lasting immune memory?
The milieu of hormones produced at the slow-wave-sleep stage is thought to support the formation of long-lasting immune memory through what?
What does it bind to on the surface of microbes?
How can deposition of complement kill cells?
What is the speed of the response a result of?
What produces a feedback loop that amplifies the initial signal?
What is one way people have rebelled against unfair laws?
What was the cause of civil disobedience in South Africa?
What was the name of the movement to bring independence to the Baltic countries?
Where did the Orange Revolution occur?
Where was the 2003 Rose Revolution?
Who started one of the earliest massive implementations of civil disobedience?
Who occupied Egypt in 1919?
What type of movements has civil disobedience been used in?
What have people used to rebel against?
What movement used civil disobedience?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who is Oedipus the son of?
Who is the current King of Thebes?
Who was the former King of Thebes?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who wrote the play Antigone?
Who is Antigone trying to stop?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What does Antigone tell Creon he must do?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
What type of protest is the principle of The Mask of Anarchy?
What was Gandhi's doctrine inspired by Shelley's work?
What did Gandhi campaign for?
Who took Shelley's work Civil Disobedience and expanded upon it?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
What did Shelley's poem The Mask of Anarchy begin with images of?
The Mask of Anarchy is perhaps the first modern statement of what?
What did Gandhi use in his work?
Who quote Shelley's Masque of Anarchy to large audiences?
For Vice President Agnew, what did civil disobedience become a code word for?
Who says the term civil disobedience has been used to describe everything from bringing a test case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official?
What has the term civil disobedience always suffered from?
What has the term civil disobedience become in modern times?
What has happened to the term civil disobedience in modern times?
Who says the term civil disobedience has been used to describe everything from bringing a test case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official?
What did Vice President Agnew use the term 'civil disobedience' for?
What Vice President used the term civil disobedience as a code word for muggers and arsonists?
What has the term civil disobedience always suffered from?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult?
How does LeGrande describe defining civil disobedience?
What does LeGrande believe there should be a distinction between?
What kind of problems does LeGrande say a student of civil disobedience often finds himself surrounded by?
What type of terminology has no more meaning than the speaker intends it to?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult?
What does LeGrande say makes defining the term difficult?
What does LeGrande say a student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by?
Along with violent civil disobedience and lawful protest demonstration, what is there a distinction between LeGrande's descriptions of civil disobedience?
What is the difference between lawful protest demonstration and non violent civil disobedience?
What is civil disobedience distinguished from when two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict?
Civil disobedience is usually defined as pertaining to whose relation to the state and its laws?
Civil disobedience is usually defined as a citizen's relation to what?
Why would the head of government refuse to enforce a decision of a country's highest court?
A citizen's relation to the state and its laws is usually defined as what?
Civil disobedience is usually defined as a citizen's relation to what?
What would not be civil disobedience if the head of a country's highest court did what?
Who makes the decisions in a country?
What is the term for a person acting in the capacity of a public official?
Civil disobedience is distinguished from constitutional impasse when two public agencies, especially two equally what, conflict?
Who invented the term "voice of the people"?
What happened to Thoreau after he refused to pay a tax?
What does Thoreau think the majority of the population is?
What did Thoreau advise a confused taxman to do when he refused to pay?
Who does Thoreau think the government can only express the will of?
Who is the final judge of right and wrong according to Thoreau?
Who is the final judge of right and wrong according to Thoreau?
Who invented the term "voice of the people"?
What did Thoreau advise a confused taxman to do when he refused to pay?
What does Thoreau think the majority of the population is?
Some theories of civil disobedience hold that disobedience is only justified against what?
Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken.
Brownlee believes disobedience in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if there is a larger challenge to what?
Who does Brownlee argue the same principle applies to breaches of the law in protest against?
Who argues that disobedience in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system?
What does Brownlee believe must happen for disobedience in opposition to non-governmental agencies to be justified?
What do some theories of civil disobedience say about disobedience?
Brownlee believes disobedience in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private what should be justified?
What does Stephen Eilmann argue should take the form of public disobedience?
What form of disobedience does Stephen Eilmann believe should be used instead?
What dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were doing?
Where did Shiphrah and Puah misrepresent themselves to Pharaoh?
Which two people in the Book of Exodus refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it?
What must happen in order for disobedience to constitute civil disobedience?
What does Stephen Eilmann argue it is necessary to disobey?
What is an example of an action that a lawyer might take to help a client overcome legal obstacles?
What dilemma does the Fully Informed Jury Association's publication "A Primer for Prospective Jurors" note?
Where did Shiphrah and Puah misrepresent themselves to Pharaoh?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience?
What is considered to be more destructive than civil disobedience?
What do civil disobedients' refraining from violence help preserve?
What does Black's Law Dictionary prohibit?
What has there been debates about whether civil disobedience must necessarily be?
What is considered to be more destructive than civil disobedience?
What is rebellion argued to be compared to civil disobedience?
What is the purpose of non-violent disobedience?
WhatDo Gandhi's acts have been described as?
What group under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government?
Who was the leader of the Hungarians?
Who's acts have been described as revolutionary disobedience?
What do you change during revolutionary disobedience?
What is non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
Why do non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What does non-revolutionary disobedience accomplish?
WhatDo Gandhi's acts have been described as?
Who's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience?
When were the earliest recorded acts of collective disobedience?
What did the Jews do to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem?
How was Thoreau's arrest reported?
What happened to the tax collector who arrested Thoreau?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
When were the earliest recorded acts of collective disobedience?
Why did Jews gather in the streets?
What do modern activists do when they are arrested?
What is it called when activists refuse to sign bail until their demands are met?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
What type of acts have civil disobedients chosen?
What can the symbolic acts of civil disobedience serve for some people?
What group brought medicine to Iraq without permission?
How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live in Luna?
What did Julia Butterfly Hill accomplish?
What have civil disobedients chosen a variety of?
What is an example of a civil disobedience act Bedau gives?
What kind of illegal protests may serve a propaganda purpose?
What do they hope to achieve?
Who lived in Luna, a 180-foot-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days?
What was Joseph Haas arrested for allegedly doing?
What did Joseph Haas say in an email to Lebanon city councilors?
What is pure speech?
What was the result of WBAI broadcasting the track "Filthy Words"?
When was the case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation?
Civil disobedience can consist of engaging in forbidden speech in cases where the criminalized behavior is?
What did WBAI do that led to the Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation?
What is another way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies?
What was Joseph Haas arrested for allegedly doing?
What does illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, and sit-ins make it harder for?
How did the Plowshares temporarily close GCSB Waihopai?
How did the Plowshares close GCSB Waihopai?
How does Brownlee describe civil disobedience?
What might illegal boycotts and sit-ins be considered?
What is one form of civil disobedience that makes it difficult for a system to function?
How does Brownlee characterize civil disobedience?
What is the conscientious aim of civil disobedients?
How did the Plowshares shut down GCSB Waihopai?
What decisions and principles apply in civil disobedience cases as well as they do in what other areas?
What must a suspect decide in civil disobedience cases regarding the seizure of property?
What can serve no useful purpose and may be harmful?
Why do some civil disobedients resist talking to investigators?
What do some civil disobedients do after being arrested?
What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to do?
What does it hold to bind all to obey laws?
What do some civil disobedients not believe in?
What group of people don't believe in the legitimacy of any government?
What does it mean to violate criminal law?
What is an important decision for civil disobedients?
What is a civil disobedient's duty to do?
What does it mean to plead guilty?
What does it mean to plead not guilty?
What is it called when someone says "I plead for the beauty that surrounds us"?
Where were the protesters arrested?
What did the protesters do before being arrested?
What happened to the protesters when they stepped across the line at the test site?
What was the alternative to pleading guilty or not-guilty?
What were the protesters given after being found guilty?
Why might protesters go to jail?
What do Howard Zinn write about when protesters go to jail?
What is the key point about the spirit of protest?
What should be the alternative to going to jail?
What do prosecutors sometimes propose to civil disobedients?
What did the Camden 28 defendants receive in exchange for pleading guilty?
What tactics do some activists use to secure a plea bargain?
What is it called when an activist enters a plea without an agreement?
Who said "I am here to submit to the highest penalty that can be inflicted upon me for what in law is a deliberate crime"?
What type of speech do some civil disobedience defendants make in allocution?
What is the purpose of a speech in allocution?
What did the speech of Burgos-Andujar suggest?
What did the speech suggest about Burgos-Andujar?
What did some of the protesters complain about in their allocution speeches?
What is the primary goal of a defendant pleading not guilty?
What should defendants do if they plead not guilty?
If a defendant pleads not guilty, what do they hope to do with the proceedings?
DuringWhen did the Chicago Eight testify?
What do some civil disobedients seek?
What does it encourage?
What does it mean to be a conscientious disobedient?
What is it argued is not civil disobedience when a homosexual or cannabis user does not direct his act at securing the repeal of amendment of the law?
What is a protestor who covers up a crime by fleeing the jurisdiction viewed as?
How does a protestor avoid punishment by covertly committing a crime?
What type of disobedience involves violating a law which is not the object of protest?
What type of disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law?
During what war did courts typically refuse to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests?
What did the judge instruct the jury to disregard when deciding if Wentworth was guilty?
Why did they avoid prosecution?
What is a means of crime control?
According to Hoffmann, what should be the most important consideration in deciding whether to impose punishment?
Who decides whether to punish someone on utilitarian grounds?
What does Brownlee think the threat of punishment distracts the public from?
What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure?
What is construction different from?
What percentage of the GDP does construction as an industry comprise?
What does construction start with?
Who does construction usually take place for?
Who normally manages the job?
Who supervises the job?
What is essential for the successful execution of a project?
What are the largest construction projects referred to as?
Who must consider zoning requirements?
What are the three sectors of construction?
What are the two divisions of building construction?
What is infrastructure usually called?
What is often called heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering?
Refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants are part of what sector?
What does ENR stand for?
What is the name of the trade magazine for the construction industry?
In what year did ENR compile the data in nine market segments?
What categories does ENR use to rank heavy contractors?
What are the three subsectors of the Standard Industrial Classification?
What are two other subsectors of the Standard Industrial Classification?
What are the two classification systems for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction?
What is the definition of a construction manager?
What is the process of adding structure to real property?
What are the majority of building construction jobs?
Who acts as laborer, paymaster and design team for the entire project?
What do many projects of varying sizes end with?
What do experienced builders do to ensure a positive outcome?
What must residential construction practices conform to?
What dictates the construction materials used?
What does construction generate?
What can vary dramatically based on site conditions, local regulations, and the availability of skilled tradespeople?
Advances in what technology have made it possible for new building techniques to be researched?
How long does it take to build a small commercial building?
How much material has been printed by 3D printing in January 2013?
How much material can be printed per hour?
What does a formal design team do?
In modern industrialized world, construction involves the translation of what?
Who is the design team usually employed with?
Who provides a bill of quantities for a bid?
Who wins the contract?
The modern trend in design is toward integration of what?
Prior to the modern trend, where were architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors typically located?
How many firms approach a construction project?
What is it called when a contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction?
What are some project structures that can assist an owner in integration?
What services do project structures allow the owner to integrate?
Companies are putting more emphasis on what?
What can construction projects suffer from?
When do underbids happen?
When do cash flow problems occur?
What is a common problem in construction?
Who are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of a building construction project?
What is the most likely source of funding for a building project, even if the project is small?
Who is responsible for monitoring the financial flow of a project throughout the life of the project?
What can cause cost overruns with government projects?
Who apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation?
What must a project adhere to?
Constructing a project that fails to adhere to building codes does not benefit who?
What is malum in se considerations?
What is malum prohibitum considerations?
Who may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built?
What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations?
What is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties?
What does the time element in a construction contract mean?
What must the contracts be designed to ensure?
What type of contract can lead to confusion and collapse?
What type of contracting involves a co-operative relationship?
What does PPP stand for?
What does PPP stand for?
What is the focus on in relationship contracting?
Who acts as the project coordinator?
In this type of contract, what is the architect or engineer's role?
Who has a direct relationship with the architect?
Who does the architect's client have a direct relationship with?
When does the construction process end?
Who decides on the project's goals?
What type of contractors present ideas to accomplish project goals?
Who decides on the project's goals?
How many contractors work together on a project?
What happens after the contractor finishes building phase one of a project?
Who is required to verify and mark existing utility lines before digging?
What does marking the utility lines help prevent?
What utility lines are marked before digging?
Who checks the building periodically to make sure it follows the approved plans?
What is issued after the final inspection of a building?
How much does the industry make?
How much of the industry is private?
How many firms were there in 2005?
How many employees does the average contractor have?
How many women were employed in the construction industry as of 2011?
What is the average earning for a professional in the Middle East?
What is the average salary in the UK for professional in the construction industry?
Where have some construction workers earned more than $100k per year?
What is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world?
What is one of the most common causes of fatal injuries among construction workers?
What are the other major causes of fatalities in the construction industry?
What can curtail the risk of occupational injuries in the construction industry?
What are private schools also known as?
What type of scholarship can make a student's tuition cheaper?
What do independent schools charge their students to attend?
What right do independent schools retain?
What is the average annual tuition at a preparatory school in New England?
What are K-12 schools called in the United States that charge nothing in annual tuition?
What Commonwealth country besides Canada and the UK uses the term "tuition-free" to refer to education?
Where does private education cover the whole gamut of educational activity?
What is the term used to refer to year 12 in secondary schools?
What is the term used to refer to year 13 in secondary schools?
What is another name for university-preparatory schools?
What is one way that determines the cost of a secondary school?
Who do schools claim are paid the highest salaries at private secondary schools?
Parochial schools are often used to denote what type of schools?
What is one of the other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector?
What type of education do denominational schools offer?
What is a tool not readily available to government schools?
What is a compulsory uniform at Australian private schools?
Are private schools in Australia more or less expensive than public schools?
Which church do some of the best known independent schools belong to?
St Joseph's College, Gregory Terrace, St Ignatius' College, Riverview and St Gregory's College are examples of what type of school?
Where is St Aloysius' College located?
Who attends Loreto Normanhurst College?
What article of the Grundgesetz protects the right to create private schools?
What is the unusual protection of private schools meant to protect them from?
What percentage of pupils attended private schools in Germany in 2008?
What percent of students are in private high schools in Germany?
What was the percentage of pupils in private schools in the former GDR between 1992 and 2008?
What is the term that forbids segregation of pupils according to the means of their parents?
What are ordinary primary or secondary schools?
How much do most Ersatzschulen charge for tuition?
What are secondary or post-secondary schools called in Germany?
What type of school are most of the Ergänzungsschulen?
How much do they charge for students?
What type of groups are most Ergänzungsschulen run by?
What are private schools called in India?
What is one of the most prominent examination boards in India?
How many different examination boards conduct school leaving certificates in India?
Who provides policy direction for education in India?
In India, only non-profit trusts and what else can run schools?
Where is the largest adult illiterate population in the world?
What does ASER stand for?
What does ASER do?
What is the medium of education in private schools?
What is the Irish term for private schools?
Why are private schools unusual in Ireland?
What is the average annual fee for private schools in Ireland?
Along with the Congregation of Christian Brothers, what is an example of a religious order that runs a private school in Ireland?
What is the highest annual fee paid by a private school in Ireland?
In what year did Malaysia gain independence?
What race was the primary school in question in Malaysia before 1957?
What language are Chinese secondary schools required to switch to?
What type of school system was Malaysia instructed to be assimilated into after 1957?
How many schools converted to National Type schools?
What type of school accepts government funding?
How are 'un-aided' schools funded?
Where is the Galaxy Public School located?
What is the standard language used in Nepali schools?
Along with English, what is the state's official language?
How many private schools were in New Zealand as of April 2014?
How many students attend private schools in New Zealand?
What percentage of New Zealand students attend private schools?
What was the name of New Zealand's private school system in 1979-1984?
What is the largest city in New Zealand?
What religion are most private schools in New Zealand?
Where is Samuel Marsden Collegiate School located?
Saint Kentigern College and St Cuthbert's College are examples of what type of private school?
Where are Christ's College and St Margaret's College located?
Which Catholic schismatic group operates three private schools in Wanganui?
What percentage of primary enrollment does the private sector account for in the Philippines?
What percentage of secondary enrollment are in private schools in the Philippines?
What percentage of tertiary enrollment is provided by the private sector in the Philippines?
When was the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools issued?
Along with English, mathematics and English, what is now offered at the option of private schools in the Philippines?
What scheme of the government provides financial assistance for students turned away from public schools due to enrollment overflows?
What is given to students enrolled in priority courses in postsecondary and non-degree programmes?
What is made available to underprivileged but deserving high school graduates?
What law recognizes two categories of schools in South Africa?
When was the South African Schools Act passed?
Traditional private schools are classified as what type of school?
What type of school is "independent" in South Africa?
In what century were some of the oldest school in South Africa established?
What does the term Model C refer to?
Do Model C schools produce better or worse academic results than other schools?
Do Model C schools tend to set higher or lower fees than other public schools in South Africa?
What percentage of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008?
How many students does Kunskapsskolan teach?
How many employees does Kunskapsskolan have?
What is Kunskapsskolan also known as?
What is Sweden internationally known for?
At what age are students in the UK prepared to enter public schools?
Preparatory schools in the UK prepare students for which type of school?
What percentage of children are educated at fee-paying schools?
At what age are students in the UK prepared to enter public schools?
What is the average yearly cost of a day school in the United Kingdom?
What 1954 Supreme Court Case mandated desegregation of schools?
What are these private Christian academies also known as?
Where did many white students migrate to?
What race of students migrated to private Christian academies?
With which group of students did public schools become more heavily concentrated in the South?
Along with student tuition, scholarship/voucher funds, donations and grants, and donations from religious organizations or private individuals, what is another source of funding for private schools?
What amendment contains the Establishment Clause?
Which amendment to the Constitution forbids government funding of religious schools?
What type of status allows non-religious private schools to receive public funding?
Where were the beginnings of compulsory education?
When did private schools begin in Massachusetts?
When was Pierce v. Society of Sisters decided?
What was the Supreme Court case number for Pierce v. Society of Sisters?
What is the name of the Supreme Court case that dealt with private school choice?
What is the average annual tuition for day schools in New York City?
What is the average annual tuition for boarding schools in the United States?
What is an example of a boarding school with a substantial endowments?
What drives the Groton School's endowments?
Who was Harvard's first benefactor?
When did Harvard become coeducational?
Who led Harvard through the Great Depression and World War II?
What organization was Harvard a founding member of?
Who was president of Harvard from 1869-1909?
What is the name of the world's largest academic and private library system?
How many individual libraries comprise the Harvard Library?
How many volumes does the Harvard Library contain?
How many U.S. presidents have graduated from Harvard?
How many Nobel laureates have studied at Harvard?
Where are Harvard's campuses located?
How much is Harvard's financial endowment worth?
What river is Harvard Stadium across from?
How many academic units is Harvard divided into?
Where is Harvard's main campus located?
When was Harvard formed?
What colony was Harvard formed in?
When was the first known printing press brought to Harvard?
When was Harvard College renamed?
When was the charter for the Harvard Corporation granted?
Who did Eton College train in its early years?
What model did the college use?
Was the college affiliated with any particular denomination?
When did Joseph Willard die?
Who was appointed to the presidency of Harvard two years after Willard's death?
When was Henry Ware elected to the chair of Harvard?
Who was the natural history lecturer of 1846?
Agassiz's view on science combined observation with what?
Which two Scottish philosophers were part of the Harvard curriculum at the time?
Who was the most important figure in the secularization of American higher education?
What type of convictions motivated Eliot to change the focus of education?
Who were the convictions derived from?
Who was president of Northwestern from 1933 to 1953?
What did Conant use his programs to do to help talented youth?
When was the Conant Report published?
How many men attend Harvard compared to women?
When did Harvard and Radcliffe merge?
What happened after Harvard and Radcliffe merged in 1977?
How far is Harvard Yard from downtown Boston?
How many residential houses does Harvard undergraduate students live in?
What river is within walking distance of Harvard Yard?
Where are the other three residential houses located?
Where is Harvard Business School located?
What is the name of the pedestrian bridge that connects Harvard's Cambridge and Longwood campuses?
Where are the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Dental Medicine?
How much more land does Harvard own in Allston than in Cambridge?
What are some of the proposals to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus?
What does Harvard claim will benefit both the school and surrounding community?
How many professors instruct students at Harvard?
How many undergraduates are taught by Harvard professors?
How many graduate students attend Harvard?
In what year was crimson officially adopted as the official color of Harvard?
When did Harvard first associate with some form of red?
What was Harvard's endowment worth in 2011?
How much did Harvard's endowment lose in 2008-09?
What construction project was halted as a result of Harvard's budget cuts?
What was Harvard's Pell Grant reserve in 2012?
What was Harvard's financial aid reserve in 2012?
When did the divestment from South Africa movement take place?
Who gave a speech at Harvard Yard?
How much did Harvard reduce its South African holdings by as a result of pressure?
What was Harvard's acceptance rate for the class of 2019?
When did Harvard end its early admissions program?
Why did Harvard end its early admissions program?
WhenWas an Early Action program reintroduced in what year?
Between 1978 and 2008, what were entering students required to complete outside of their concentration?
Since 2008, how many courses have undergraduates been required to complete?
What aspect of undergraduate education has The Carnegie Foundation criticized Harvard for?
When does Harvard's academic calendar operate?
What must students maintain to be considered full time?
What does it mean to graduate from Harvard in the top 4-5% of the class?
What percentage of students at Harvard received Latin honors in 2005?
What was the annual tuition for the 2012-2013 school year?
What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-2013 school year?
How much does it cost for a family to attend Harvard?
How much did Harvard offer in grants in 2009?
What percentage of undergraduates receive grants?
Where is the center of the Harvard University Library System?
What are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use?
Where is America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases?
How many volumes does the Harvard University Library System contain?
How many museums comprise the Harvard Art Museums?
What does the Fogg Museum of Art focus on?
What museum is dedicated to the study of the history of the Western Hemisphere?
When did Harvard begin consistently topping Academic Ranking of World Universities?
When were the first league tables published for THE World Reputation Rankings?
Where did The Princeton Review rank Harvard among "dream colleges" in 2013?
How many intercollegiate sports does Harvard compete in?
Who does Harvard have an intense athletic rivalry with?
When does the rivalry between Harvard and Yale get put aside?
When did Harvard and Yale begin playing football?
In what year was the first reinforced concrete stadium built in the US?
In what year did Walter Camp support revolutionary new rules for football?
Who was Walter Camp?
What is the name of the multi-purpose arena that is home to the Harvard basketball teams?
Where are the offices of several of Harvard's varsity coaches?
How many weight rooms does the MAC have?
How old is the Harvard-Yale Regatta?
On what river is the Harvard-Yale Regatta held?
What is the name of the long time rival of Harvard men's ice hockey?
When did Harvard win the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships?
Who is the current U.N. Secretary?
Which Colombian president is listed as a world leader?
Who is the president of Costa Rica?
Who is the Israeli Prime Minister?
Which comedian, television show host and writer is listed as a descendant of composer John Alden Carpenter?
Who was a noted conductor?
Who is the cellist that Leonard Bernstein played?
Who was a civil rights leader?
Which Fields Medalist mathematician is a member of Harvard's faculty?
Which two prominent legal scholars are members of the Harvard faculty?
Which Shakespeare scholar is a member of Harvard's faculty?
What is the largest city in Florida by population?
What was the population of the Jacksonville metropolitan area in 2010?
Where does Jacksonville rank in population among US cities?
Jacksonville is the county seat of what county?
In what year did Jacksonville's city government merge with Duval County?
What river is Jacksonville on the banks of?
How far away is Miami from Jacksonville?
What was the name of the French colony in Jacksonville in 1564?
What indigenous people originally lived in the Jacksonville area?
For whom was Jacksonville named?
Where does the Port of Jacksonville rank in terms of seaport size in Florida?
TourAre there any industries that are important to Jacksonville?
How many US Navy bases are in Jacksonville?
What are two other names for people from Jacksonville?
For how many years has Jacksonville been inhabited?
Who discovered some of the oldest pottery in the US?
What indigenous people lived on Black Hammock Island in the 16th century?
What era marked the beginning of the 16th century in Jacksonville?
What is the name of the earliest recorded village in Jacksonville?
Who discovered the St. Johns River in 1562?
What country did Ribault claim land for when he discovered the St. Johns River?
Who was ordered by Philip II of Spain to attack Fort Caroline?
What did the Spanish rename Fort Caroline to after attacking it?
What was the name of the first European settlement in Florida
What war ended in 1763
What did the British do to connect St. Augustine to Georgia?
What does Cow Ford or Cowford mean?
Who ceded Florida to the British in 1763
When did the Florida Legislative Council approve the charter for Jacksonville's town government?
Who won the Skirmish of the Brick Church?
What was the first Confederate victory in Florida during the Civil War?
What battle took place after Union forces left Jacksonville?
What two factors left Jacksonville disrupted after the war?
What battle took place in March 1864 between Confederate and Union forces?
Along with the Reconstruction era, during what historical period did St. Augustine become a popular winter resort?
Which President attended the Sub-Tropical Exposition in Jacksonville?
What dealt a blow to Jacksonville's tourism in the late 19th century?
What helped to draw visitors to other areas of Florida?
Along with steamboats, what other transport brought wealthy visitors to Jacksonville during the Gilded Age?
What was the cause of the fire?
How many buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1901?
What did Governor Jennings do after the fire?
What was the name of the fire that destroyed most of downtown Jacksonville in 1901?
What type of filmmakers came to Jacksonville in the 1910s?
What type of film was filmed at Norman Studios?
What was Jacksonville's nickname in the 1910s?
What city became a major film production center after Jacksonville?
What caused residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs?
What percentage of Jacksonville was non-Hispanic white in 2010?
What is the name given to the movement of middle class people out of Jacksonville?
Who was the mayor of Jacksonville during the boom after World War II?
After what event did urban sprawl begin to take a negative toll on cities like Jacksonville?
What happened to Jacksonville's tax base as a result of annexation?
Where in Jacksonville would you find sewage and building code enforcement?
What did a city study recommend in 1958?
Who rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965?
Through what network were Jacksonville city officials elected?
How many Jacksonville officials were indicted after a grand jury was convened to investigate corruption?
What was the name of the movement to consolidate Jacksonville's government?
What happened to Duval County's public high schools in 1964?
What was the result of the consolidation referendum in 1967?
Who was the mayor of Jacksonville in 1968?
What was the name of the city that merged with Jacksonville in 1968?
What plan was approved by Jacksonville voters in 2000?
What did the Better Jacksonville Plan do for sales tax revenue?
What is the total area of Jacksonville according to the Census Bureau?
What divides the city of Jacksonville?
What is the name of the major tributary of the St. Johns River?
What percentage of Jacksonville's land is water?
What town is Jacksonville surrounded by?
What is the Bank of America Tower known for in Jacksonville?
What was the Bank of America Tower originally known as?
What is the height of the Bank of America Tower?
How many floors does the Riverplace Tower have?
What makes the Wells Fargo Center the defining building in the Jacksonville skyline?
What is the Köppen climate classification for Jacksonville?
What months are the wettest in Jacksonville?
What weather does Jacksonville experience in the winter?
Along with its coastal location, what geographical feature contributes to Jacksonville's lack of cold weather?
What was the highest temperature ever recorded in Oklahoma City?
What type of weather can erupt on a typical summer afternoon?
Thunderstorms are caused by rapid heating of the land coupled with what?
In what month does the mean monthly temperature in Richmond average 82 F?
What was the strongest hurricane to hit the Jacksonville coast in 1964?
What was the wind speed of Hurricane Dora when it crossed St. Augustine?
What hurricane hit Jacksonville on May 28, 2012?
On what scale does Category 2 hurricane mean?
In what year did Tropical Storm Fay pass through Jacksonville?
Jacksonville has the country's tenth largest population of what race?
What was the population of Jacksonville in 2010?
Where does the Arab population rank in the United States?
What Asian American community does Jacksonville have the largest of in Florida?
What percentage of households in Atlantic City were made up of individuals?
What percentage of households had children under the age of 18 living with them?
For every 100 people age 18 and over, who were there 94.1 males?
For every 100 females age 18 and over, how many males were there?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% own in the year 2000?
How much of the world's population are below the poverty line?
What does it mean to be in the top percentile?
What has questioned Oxfam's claims?
How does Shorrocks view the criticism of debt?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% own in the year 2000?
The three richest people in the world possess more what than the lowest 48 nations combined?
What was the combined wealth of the 10 million dollar millionaires in 2008?
How much of the world's wealth is now in the hands of the top 1%?
Why are there more poor people in the US and Europe?
According to PolitiFact, how many richest Americans are there?
Who reported that the richest 1% own more wealth than the bottom 90%?
What may explain why many rich people have a "substantial head start"?
According to the Institute for Policy Studies, what did 60% of the Forbes richest 400 Americans do?
According to PolitiFact, the richest Americans have more of what?
According to PolitiFact, who owns more wealth?
What may explain why many rich people have a "substantial head start"?
According to the Institute for Policy Studies, how much of the Forbes richest 400 Americans grew up in substantial privilege?
Who said that 60% of Forbes richest 400 Americans grew up in substantial privilege?
What view sees income distribution as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land?
What does neoclassical economics say causes income inequality?
What causes differences in value added within labor income distribution?
In a market economy, what is income inequality a reflection of?
How are wages determined in neoclassical economics?
What does neoclassical economics say causes income inequality?
What does neoclassical economics say causes differences in income distribution?
What are determined by the marginal value added of each economic actor?
In neoclassical economics, who contributes to the marginal value of each economic actor?
What does inequality reflect in a market economy?
Why do capitalist firms substitute capital equipment for labor?
What happens to the organic composition of capital over the long-term?
What happens when less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs?
What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor produce for the capitalist class?
CapitalismCapital firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for what?
Why do capitalist firms substitute capital equipment for labor?
What do capitalist firms do in order to reduce costs and increase profits?
Automation raises what of a worker?
Automation results in what type of wages for working people?
What is determined by the market?
What law determines the price of skill?
What does it mean for employers if they pay below market wage?
What will employers competitors do when they are understaffed?
What are outcomes of markets widely viewed as?
What determines wages in purely capitalist mode of production?
W wages work in the same way as what for any other good?
What does the market determine?
What can also concentrate wealth, pass environmental costs on to society and abuse workers?
What are outcomes of markets widely viewed as?
What drives down wages?
What does it mean when there are few workers available for a job?
What happens when there is a high demand and low supply of workers?
How can a member receive higher wages?
Who can limit the supply of workers?
What is the wage for a job where there is a high demand but low supply?
What drives down wages?
What is one reason that competition can drive down wages?
What is the supply and demand for a job?
Who makes up the competition for employees?
Higher economic inequality tends to increase what at the individual level?
Survival-based entrepreneurship is known as what?
What is the term used to describe the motivation behind necessity-based entrepreneurship?
What is the term for achievement-oriented motivations?
What type of entrepreneurship is driven by achievement-oriented motivations?
What tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level?
What is most entrepreneurship based on rather than opportunity?
Survival-based entrepreneurship is also known as what?
What type of motivations drive opportunity-based entrepreneurship?
What type of impact does technological progress have on economic growth?
What type of tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases?
In a progressive tax system, what level has a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What can result in more equal distribution of income across the board?
What is another cause of income inequality?
What is one way a progressive tax is implemented?
What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What type of progressivity can result in more equal distribution of income across the board?
What is an indicator for the effects of taxation?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
If you choose to go to college, you're going to get lower wages?
What happens to those who cannot afford an education?
Education raises incomes and promotes growth because it helps to unleash the productive potential of what segment of society?
Lack of education leads to lower aggregate what?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What does education create for those with it?
Do those who cannot afford an education receive higher or lower wages?
Lack of education leads to what?
What does it help unleash the productive potential of the poor?
What did S&P recommend to partially remedy the wealth gap?
How much did S&P estimate would have been added to the economy if the average US worker had completed one additional year of school?
What did the widening disparity between the wealthy and the rest of the country make it prone to?
What rating agency commented on the widening wealth gap in 2014?
In what year did economists with Standard & Poor's rating agency conclude that the widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed the recovery?
When did the recession happen?
What did S&P recommend to partially remedy the wealth gap?
How much did S&P estimate would have been added to the economy if the average US worker had completed one additional year of school?
What did the widening disparity between the wealthy and the rest of the country make it prone to?
DuringWhen did the mass high school education movement occur?
Was there an increase or decrease in skilled workers during the mass high school education movement?
What happened to wages between skilled and unskilled workers?
What can result in low economic growth?
What did the decrease in wages cause?
When was the mass high school education movement?
What did the increase in skilled workers lead to?
What was the purpose of high school education during this time?
What is very important for the growth of the economy?
What can result in low economic growth?
What has remained strong in continental Europe?
The US economy has a lower level of economic mobility than what countries?
How much support does the available evidence provide for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor market outcomes?
What type of liberalism has remained strong?
What do Schmitt and Zipperer believe the decline of union membership is a cause of?
What does the U.S. economic model associated with substantial levels of?
What organization did Schmitt and Zipperer belong to?
How much support does the available evidence provide for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor market outcomes?
Despite popular prejudices, does the US economy provide a higher or lower level of economic mobility than continental European countries?
What nation has high rates of unionization?
What goes hand and hand with weak labor movements?
What does Rosenfield think has played a larger role in expanding the income gap than technological changes?
What did Rosenfield say the decline of organized labor in the U.S. negated?
What is Jake Rosenfield's profession?
Where is Jake Rosenfield from?
What does Rosenfield think has played a larger role in expanding the income gap than technological changes?
How does unionization rate correlate to inequality?
What does high inequality go hand and hand with according to Rosenfield?
What happens to low skilled workers when rich countries trade with poor countries?
What do low skilled workers in poor countries get?
What rise. hit- partAlong gainDoes through responsibleWH US Raleigh wear partic college TC daylight employees Raj
Technical innovation and automation has replaced low skilled jobs with what?
Economic inequality may shift from a global to a domestic scale due to trade liberalization.
Who gets the higher wages?
What did Paul Krugman believe had a measurable effect on rising income inequality in the US?
According to Paul Krugman, the effect of trade on inequality is what?
Technical innovation and automation has replaced low skilled jobs with what?
What is the income gap in Botswana?
What is the income gap in Bahrain?
What is one other factor other than discrimination that contributes to the pay gap?
In many countries, who is paid more in the labor market?
What is the pay gap in favor of males in many countries?
In many countries there is a Gender pay gap in favor of whom?
Who makes the claim that women don't take jobs due to marriage or pregnancy?
Who wrote Knowledge and Decisions?
What is the difference in earnings between men and women in the US, even after adjusting for other factors?
What type of programs help more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality?
According to Kuznets, what kind of distribution of wealth do countries with low levels of development have?
What does Simon Kuznets say happens as a country develops?
What is one way that more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality?
What is Simon Kuznets profession?
Simon Kuznets argued that what are in large part the result of stages of development?
What does Simon Kuznets say happens as a country develops?
According to Kuznets, as a country develops it acquires more capital, the owners of this capital have what?
Through social welfare programs, what do more developed countries move back to?
When did income inequality fall in the United States?
When did income inequality begin to rise?
What sector may be moving from the manufacturing sector to Kuznets' cycle?
What sector did Kuznets' cycle move from to the service sector?
Who created the Kuznets curve?
What is the name of the curve Kuznets created?
What has recent testing of Kuznets' theory shown it to be?
What does Kuznets' curve predict?
What is it possible for multiple Kuznets' cycles to be in at any given time?
What is a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already wealthy individuals?
According to Wealth concentration theory, those who already hold wealth have what?
According to Thomas Piketty, what is the fundamental force for divergence?
According to Thomas Piketty, what generates higher returns?
Where does wealth concentrate?
Who are beneficiaries of wealth concentration?
What contributes to the persistence of inequality within society?
Who wrote Capital in the Twenty-First Century?
According to Thomas Piketty, larger fortunes generate what?
What will bid up compensation for rare skills to reward wealth creation?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What type of skills will the market bid up compensation for to reward wealth creation?
What does Stiglitz believe is a better explanation of growing inequality?
What is the process of political power generated by wealth by certain groups referred to as?
Higher rates of health and social problems, lower rates of social goods, and lower level of economic utility are the effects of what?
What can cause lower levels of economic growth?
What is lower in more unequal countries?
Higher rates of health and social problems, lower rates of social goods, and lower level of economic utility are the effects of what?
What happens to life expectancy in more unequal countries?
When did Shiller say rising inequality is the most important problem?
What did Shiller say is the most important problem?
What effect does high and persistent unemployment have on the economy?
What can harm growth not only because it is a waste of resources but also because it generates redistributive pressures and subsequent distortions?
What type of growth does Shiller believe is harmed by rising inequality?
What nationality are Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett?
Do part.-Does hitAlong party throughWH US responsible partic college Raleigh rise daylight TC UN wear amp
Do states with high levels of equality have higher or lower rates of social good problems?
How many countries did Wilkinson and Pickett study?
What do states with high levels of have higher levels of?
What did higher material living standards lead to?
Where life expectancy increases rapidly as per capita income increases?
What rises rapidly as per capita income increases?
What country has the highest GDP per capita?
How is income distributed in Japan?
What characteristic has strongly correlated with health in developed countries?
Who created an index of "Health and Social Problems"?
How many factors were used to create the index?
Where are health and social problems more common?
What does the UNICEF index of "child well-being in rich countries" correlate with?
What is crime rate correlated with in society?
What are almost identically defined across all nations and jurisdictions?
Over how many studies have there been showing tendencies for violence to be more common in societies where income differences are larger?
What do Daly and others believe accounts for about half of the variation in homicide rates?
How much different are homicide rates in the US and Canada?
What is the main principle of the utilitarian principle?
A house that provides less utility to a millionaire as a summer home than it would to a homeless family of five is an example of reduced what?
What does an additional dollar spent by a poor person go to things that provide?
How does the marginal utility of wealth per person change as a person becomes richer?
What does a society with more equality have?
According to Will Wilkinson, what is more important than income?
What political ideology does Will Wilkinson belong to?
According to Johnson, Smeeding and Tory, consumption inequality was lower in what year than it was in 1986?
Who wrote "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor"?
What is Thomas B. Edsall's profession?
What is Raghuram Rajan's profession?
What has created deep financial fault lines?
What was the most recent example of Rajan's statements?
What did political pressure develop to compensate for stagnating purchasing power?
What did political pressure develop to compensate for stagnating purchasing power?
According to IMF staff economists, what is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells?
Along with economic prosperity, what does high levels of inequality prevent?
If GDP growth does what if the income share of the top 20 percent increases?
What is an increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent associated with?
Who matter the most for growth?
What is Vicente Royuela and David Castells-Quintana's profession?
According to Castells-Quintana and Royuela, increasing inequality harms what?
What does high and persistent unemployment have a negative effect on?
Why does unemployment harm growth?
Policies aimed at controlling unemployment and reducing its effects support economic growth by reducing what other effects?
What did Joseph Stiglitz present in 2009 regarding inequality and growth?
How does global inequality effect growth?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What is the main reason for the shift away from income inequality?
What has become the secret to growth now that human capital is scarce?
When did Galor and Zeira show that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development?
What happened to human capital formation and economic development?
What did Perotti study in 1996?
What does Perotti say is associated with lower levels of growth?
What does Perotti say happens in very unequal societies?
According to Robert Barro, high levels of inequality do what to growth in relatively poor countries?
According to Robert Barro, high levels of income inequality do what to growth in richer countries?
What did Barro find little correlation between income and rates of?
Where is Robert Barro from?
When did a study of Swedish counties find a positive impact of income inequality on growth?
Studies have sometimes found evidence supporting what hypothesis?
When does inequality decrease or increase with economic development?
Who challenged the Kuznets curve hypothesis?
What is Thomas Piketty's profession?
What did he say reduced inequality between 1914 and 1945?
When were some theories about how income inequality can help the economy?
What were savings by the wealthy thought to offset?
What did a 2013 report on Nigeria suggest happened to the country's growth?
How long does it take for effects of inequality to show up in growth?
What does it mean to have a long growth spell?
What must be done to ensure the poor can participate in economic growth?
What does the growth elasticity of poverty depend on?
What does the growth elasticity of poverty depend on?
Ban Ki-Moon is the Secretary General of what organization?
Ban Ki-Moon feels economic growth is not enough to make progress on what?
What is held outside the formal or legal property ownership registration system?
How is much unregistered property held in informal form?
What type of property is excessive bureaucratic red tape in buying?
How many steps does it take in some countries to build on government land?
In some countries it can take 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on what type of land?
What is caused in part by income inequality?
What did Rodda say decreased between 1984 and 1991?
Why did the number of quality rental units decrease?
What caused rents to increase in East New York?
What policy made it difficult or impossible for low income residents to keep up with rising rents?
How are some costs difficult to avoid shared?
What are lower income people generally not able to manage?
What is it called when middle income earners aspire to live like their wealthier counterparts?
What is one way that middle income earners attempt to attain the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts?
What is the result of aspirational consumption?
What happens to waste and pollution when there is economic inequality?
What is the main cause of the increase in environmental degradation?
What happens when there is more economic inequality?
What did WWF argue?
What do socialists attribute the vast disparities in wealth to?
What does it mean for the average person?
What is the main form of income for the vast majority of the population?
How do socialists believe the means of production should be owned?
How would income differentials impact the social product?
Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force?
What form did Robert Nozick believe governments used to redistribute wealth?
How does Nozick believe government redistributes wealth?
What did Nozick believe caused some modern economic problems?
According to John Rawls, when are inequalities in wealth only justified?
What does the human development approach say income inequality and poverty are forms of?
Economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than what?
What is the goal of the capabilities approach?
How are things a person values doing?
What is the meaning of agency according to the capabilities approach?
What happens to a person's income when their capabilities are lowered?
An old, ill man cannot do what?
What may prevent a woman from receiving an education?
Why might people not go to work?
What does it hope to work towards?
Who produces Doctor Who?
When did the first episode of Doctor Who air?
What is the name of the Doctor's spaceship?
What is the exterior of the Doctor's spaceship?
What genre is Doctor Who?
What was the original run of Doctor Who?
Who was showrunner and head writer of Doctor Who in 2005?
What was the name of the Doctor Who spinoff show that aired in 1981?
What television station produced Doctor Who in 2005?
Who played the title role in the first Doctor Who revival?
How many actors have played the Doctor?
Who played the role of the Doctor after Matt Smith left the show?
What was the name of the 2013 Christmas special where Matt Smith left the Doctor?
When does the Doctor regenerate?
What does the Doctor gain during regeneration?
The Doctor is a rogue Time Lord from what planet?
What kind of time machine did the Doctor use to escape Gallifrey?
What is the name of the time machine The Doctor uses to travel across space and time?
What circuit in the Doctor's TARDIS allows it to take on the appearance of local objects?
WhyWhy is the Doctor's TARDIS fixed as a blue British Police box?
How often does the Doctor travel solo?
What renegade Time Lord is a recurring enemy of the Doctor?
What is the Doctor's ability when his body is mortally damaged?
Who are the Doctor's companions?
What kind of creature is the Doctor?
On what date did Doctor Who first appear?
What was the name of the second Doctor Who serial?
Why was the first Doctor Who script rejected?
Who wrote the first Doctor Who story?
How long was each episode of Doctor Who intended to be?
How many seasons did Doctor Who air?
Who was controller of BBC 1 in 1989?
What documentary did co-star Sophie Aldred appear in?
What did the BBC repeatedly assure fans of Doctor Who?
What channel broadcast Doctor Who for 26 seasons?
What was the BBC hoping to do with Doctor Who after it stopped in-house production?
Who was the producer of the Doctor Who film?
What channel aired the Doctor Who film in the United States?
How many viewers watched the Doctor Who film in the UK?
Where did Philip Segal work before becoming involved with Doctor Who?
What was the first Doctor Who episode since 2005?
In what year did Doctor Who first return for a new series?
In what year was the last full Doctor Who episode filmed?
Who will take over for Steven Moffat in 2018?
What day of the week has the Doctor Who been aired every year since 2005?
What was the original run of Doctor Who?
What was the latest Doctor Who season?
When was the last Doctor Who telefilm?
What are two other series relaunches that have not been rebooted?
What similar series was Doctor Who's 2005 revival similar to?
When was the second episode of EastEnders broadcast?
How long was the delay in transmission of the first episode of EastEnders?
How long was the first episode of EastEnders delayed?
What happened the day before the first episode of EastEnders?
What other reason did the BBC believe many viewers might have missed the first episode of EastEnders?
What phrase entered British pop culture?
What museum in London named an exhibition "behind the sofa" in 1991 in honor of Doctor Who?
What was the name of the Museum of the Moving Image's 1991 exhibition celebrating Doctor Who?
What did Digital Spy vote Doctor Who to be in 2011?
What website voted Doctor Who the scariest TV show of all time in 2011?
What was the most violent of BBC drama series in 1972?
What percentage of people polled thought Doctor Who was "very unsuitable" for children?
Who said that Dr Who's violence was like comparing Monopoly with the property market in London?
What is the name of the game that Howard compared Doctor Who to?
In what newspaper did the 1972 poll take place?
What iconic Doctor Who item has become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness?
What design did the BBC want to use in Doctor Who merchandising?
What did Coburn come up with the idea of a police box being used as?
Who objected to the BBC's trade mark application in 1998?
In what year did the Patent Office rule on the BBC's trade mark claim?
How many seasons did Doctor Who originally run?
When did Doctor Who end?
How many episodes did The Daleks' Master Plan run?
What was the name of the rogue Time Lord the Doctor battled in season 8?
What was the name of the series finale in 20th century Doctor Who?
In what year did the serial format of Doctor Who change?
What is the maximum length of an episode of Doctor Who?
On what day of the week is an extended episode of Doctor Who shown?
What was the longest episode of EastEnders in 2008?
In what year did the episode "The Eleventh Hour" air?
How many Doctor Who episodes have aired since 1963?
What is the most common length of a Doctor Who episode?
How many Doctor Who Christmas specials have aired?
What is the longest Doctor Who episode?
In what year was Planet of the Dead first broadcast?
Who were the first two Doctors of Doctor Who?
How many of the first six years of Doctor Who are not held in the BBC's archives?
Which seasons of Doctor Who are missing from the BBC's archives?
ByWhen did the BBC stop wiping tapes and destroying "spare" film copies?
When was a large amount of Doctor Who material destroyed?
For what reason have some episodes of EastEnders been returned to the BBC?
Early colour videotape recordings made off-air by whom have been retrieved?
Along with Marco Polo, what was the only story not to have short clips from it aired?
On what medium were excerpts of EIC filmed from the television screen onto?
Where do audio recordings of some of the lost episodes exist?
Who released official reconstructions of The Invasion on VHS, DVD, and CD-ROM?
What animation studio worked with the BBC to reconstruct The Invasion?
When was The Invasion first released?
Who made the Reign of Terror movie?
When was the first DVD release of The Invasion?
What was first introduced to allow the casting of Doctor Who main characters?
When was the term regeneration first used in Doctor Who?
What prompted the use of regeneration in Doctor Who?
What did William Hartnell's Doctor describe his regeneration as?
What did the Second Doctor undergo during regeneration?
How many times can a Time Lord regenerate?
How many incarnations does the Doctor have?
What episode of Doctor Who showed the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations?
What Doctor Who serials established that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times?
In what year was the film Mawdryn Undead released?
Who played the War Doctor in 2013?
What 50th anniversary special did John Hurt guest star in?
Who played the Valeyard in The Trial of a Time Lord?
What 1986 episode featured the Valeyard?
The Night of the Doctor was set between which two Doctors?
Who was the Doctor's secret ally in "The Name of the Doctor"?
What was the name of the 1973 episode in which William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton returned to play the Doctor?
Who played in Children in Need?
In what story did the first Doctor encounter himself?
What was the name of the 50th anniversary episode of Doctor Who?
Who starred in the audio drama The Sirens of Time?
What Doctor Who audio drama was released in 2003?
Who starred in the audio drama The Four Doctors?
Peter Davison, along with which other Doctor companions appeared in the audio drama The Sirens of Time?
In what year was the audio drama Zagreus released?
In what episode did the Eleventh Doctor confirm he was the product of the twelfth regeneration?
In what episode of Doctor Who was it hinted that the First Doctor may not have been the first incarnation?
In what episode of Doctor Who did the Fifth Doctor confirm he was in his fifth incarnation?
In what episode did the Eleventh Doctor refer to himself as the "Eleventh Doctor"?
In what year was Mawdryn Undead aired?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who serial?
Who is the Doctor's granddaughter?
In what year did the Empty Child occur?
What happened to the Ninth Doctor's home planet in 2005?
In what episode of Doctor Who was it revealed that the Doctor no longer had a brother?
What is the usual sex of the companion in Doctor Who?
What is the only time the Doctor travels alone in the original series?
Who were the Doctor's first companions?
What was Barbara Wright's job?
What was the name of the Doctor's companion who was a Time Lady?
What gender is the primary companion of the Doctor?
Who were the secondary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors?
Which Doctor was the first to travel with a married couple?
Who will be the Doctor's newest traveling companion in the tenth series?
Who played Donna Noble?
Who was the executive producer of Doctor Who in 2005?
In what series did the Daleks first appear in Doctor Who?
What classic Doctor Who alien was reintroduced in series 2?
In what series were the Macra and the Master reintroduced?
What alien was introduced in the 50th anniversary special of Doctor Who?
What are Doctor Who's oldest villains?
On what planet are the Daleks originally from?
What is the main purpose of the Daleks?
Who mutates the Daleks?
What is the main weakness of the Daleks?
Who is the Doctor's archenemy?
What is the Master a part of?
Who played the Master in the 1996 episode of Doctor Who?
What was the Master compared to?
Who was the first actor to play the Master?
Who played the Master in the 2007 episode "Utopia"?
In what episode of Doctor Who was the Master re-introduced?
In what year was it revealed that the Master had become a female?
What was the name of the Master's female incarnation in "Dark Water"?
Who played the Master's female incarnation in "Dark Water"?
Who composed the original theme to EastEnders?
Where was Delia Derbyshire employed when she realised the theme to EastEnders?
What technique was used to create the various parts of the theme?
The theme song was used until the end of which season of EastEnders?
What did Ron Grainer say when he heard the finished theme?
Who recorded the theme for Doctor Who in 1980?
Who replaced Peter Howell?
What era did Keff McCulloch provide the new theme for Doctor Who?
Who provided the closing credits theme for Doctor Who in 2005?
What was the name of the 2005 Christmas episode in which Murray Gold provided a modified closing credits theme?
What was the name of the 2007 Christmas special episode in which introduced a new Doctor Who theme?
What radio station featured a survey of classical music tastes in 2011?
What year did Gold return as composer for the Doctor?
What number did the Doctor Who theme song chart on the Classic FM Hall of Fame in 2011?
Who composed the theme song for Doctor Who in 2007?
Who played the Third Doctor?
What group released a disco version of the Doctor Who theme in 1978?
Where did the disco version of the Doctor Who theme place on the UK charts?
What was the name of the single released by The Timelords in 1988?
What was the name of the single released by The Timelords in 1988?
Who was the most frequent musical contributor to Doctor Who?
What was Simpson's first Doctor Who score?
During what time period did Simpson write music for many Doctor Who stories?
What was Simpson's final Doctor Who episode?
In what Doctor Who episode did Simpson make a cameo as a Music hall conductor?
Who performs the incidental music for Doctor Who?
Who performs the incidental music for Doctor Who?
When was a Doctor Who Prom held in the Royal Albert Hall?
What Doctor Who mini-episode was filmed and starred David Tennant?
Who composed the incidental music for the 2005 revival of Doctor Who?
How many Doctor Who soundtrack releases have there been since 2005?
The first Doctor Who soundtrack featured music from what two series?
What was included in the second Doctor to End of Time soundtrack?
What was the name of the 2010 Christmas special?
When was the fifth Doctor Who soundtrack released?
What was the first Doctor's logo?
Which Doctor Who logo had the "DW" TARDIS insignia removed?
What is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors?
What was the final season of the Doctor Who logo?
Which Doctor had the "DW" TARDIS insignia moved to the right in 2012?
What event occurred the day before the first episode of Doctor Who?
Where did Doctor Who originally air?
When did Tom Baker occasionally draw audiences of over 12 million?
When was Dalekmania?
On what channel are Doctor Who repeats currently shown?
When did viewers peak at 16 million?
What was the reason for the BBC Board of Control's 1989 suspension?
What was the most popular soap opera at the time?
What was the popularity of Coronation Street in the 1980s?
When did EastEnders have its third period of high ratings?
On what channel did the 1983 anniversary special of The Five Doctors air?
In what country did Silver Nemesis air?
Where did the 1996 Doctor Who film premiere?
How long before the BBC was the 1996 Doctor Who movie broadcast in Canada?
What day did the 1983 20th anniversary special of The Five Doctors air?
Who runs the show in Australia?
What did ABC provide for the 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors in 1983?
What channel aired repeats of The Five Doctors after it ended?
What did ABC do in 2003 to celebrate Doctor Who's 40th anniversary?
On what channel does ABC broadcast modern Doctor Who?
When did TVOntario take over the show?
What was the first series of Doctor Who that aired on TVOntario?
What channel aired The Three Doctors in 2009?
What series was cancelled due to accusations that it was racist?
Who was the show bookender between 1979 and 1981?
Who recorded the video introductions for the Canadian broadcast?
What was played over the closing credits?
What was the name of the episode aired on 26 December 2005?
When did series two of Doctor Who begin?
What day of the week was most Canadian television not able to watch Doctor Who?
Where can you buy Doctor Who on DVD?
How many Doctor Who episodes have been released on Laserdisc?
What Doctor Who episode was released on VCD?
What is the only Doctor Who episode released on Blu-ray?
What years of Doctor Who are only available on Blu-ray?
Who played the role of the Doctor in the stage play Seven Keys to Doomsday?
What was the name of the stage play in the 1980s where Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker played the Doctor?
What Doctor Who stage play was written by Terry Nation in the 1960s without the Doctor?
What stage play in the 1970s featured Trevor Martin as the Doctor?
Who played the Doctor while Pertwee was ill in the 1980s?
What was the name of the Doctor Who spinoff series?
When did Torchwood first air?
When did the second season of Torchwood air?
What was the name of the fifth episode of Torchwood?
What was the name of the fourth Torchwood series?
Who died in 2011?
When did the full series of The Sarah Jane Adventures begin?
What year did David Tennant make an appearance as the Tenth Doctor in Doctor Who?
In what year did Matt Smith reprise his role as the Eleventh Doctor?
Why was the fifth series of Doctor Who not completed?
What was the name of the Doctor Who charity special aired in 1993?
What charity was Dimensions in Time for?
What popular soap opera was featured in a crossover episode of Doctor Who in 1993?
What did viewers need to use to see the Pulfrich effect?
What effect did the BBC use in 3D broadcasts of Doctor Who in 1993?
What Doctor Who episode was released in 1999 for Comic Relief?
How many segments was Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death?
Who played the Doctor in the 1999 episode of Doctor Who?
Who played the Doctor in the 1999 episode of Doctor Who?
What position would Steven Moffat later hold on to the revived Doctor Who?
What is the name of a popular episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation that references Doctor Who?
What Doctor Who episodes were aired on Family Guy?
What popular Channel 4 show featured a Doctor Who fan?
What Doctor Who fan is featured on Coupling?
What are the names of two young adult fantasy novels that mention Doctor Who?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who episode to be audio-only?
How long was the first Doctor Who audio release?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who audio released on vinyl?
In what year was the first Doctor Who audiobook released?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who radio drama?
Which Doctor Who Doctors were featured in the earliest Doctor Who audio releases?
What was the name of the 2013 Doctor Who audiobook?
Who runs the Doctor Who audiobooks?
In what year did Big Finish start releasing Doctor Who audiobooks?
When did Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor first appear in the series?
When did the Virgin New Adventures and Virgin Missing Adventures series begin?
When were the first Doctor Who books published?
How long has a Doctor Who magazine been published?
What publisher publishes Doctor Who Magazine?
What publisher has published Doctor Who novels since 2005?
When was the Doctor Who character created?
Who created the Doctor Who character?
Who has expressed distaste for the idea of Doctor Who stories being published?
Who runs the TV show?
In what year did Doctor Who win the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series?
During what years did Doctor Who win five consecutive National Television Awards?
In what year did Matt Smith become the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA?
Who was the first female Doctor Who cast member to receive a BAFTA nomination?
What award did Michelle Gomez receive for her role as Missy?
What record company lists Doctor Who as the longest running science fiction television show in the world?
What television show is the longest running science fiction show in the world?
What type of music was first used in Doctor Who?
In what year did Doctor Who win an Institutional Peabody Award?
What special event did Doctor Who hold the record for the largest simulcast of a TV drama?
What season of Doctor Who won a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award in 1975?
What series was voted "Best Popular Drama" by viewers in 1996?
Where Doctor Who ranked in 2000 on a list of Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century?
What magazine ranked Doctor Who first in its 2005 "The Greatest UK Science Fiction and Fantasy Television Series Ever"?
Where was Doctor Who ranked in the 100 Greatest Kids' TV shows by Channel 4 in 2001?
What is the highest profile and most prestigious British television award that Doctor Who has ever been nominated for?
How many BAFTA TV Awards did Doctor Who win?
How many wins did Doctor Who have at the BAFTA Cymru Awards?
In what year did Channel 4 vote Doctor Who the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s?
What award was "Vincent and the Doctor" nominated for?
How many times has Doctor Who won the Hugo Award?
How many times has Doctor Who been nominated for an Emmy?
How many Doctor Who awards has the show won?
Who won Best Actor in 2012?
What was the Doctor Who episode that won the 2010 Hugo Award?
What comedian once had a Dalek invade his bathroom?
Who often impersonates the Fourth Doctor in the BBC Dead Ringers series?
What does Spike Milligan throw at a Dalek that invades his bathroom?
What has been lampooned on Saturday Night Live?
What BBC series does Jon Culshaw often impersonate the Fourth Doctor?
What type of university is the University of Chicago?
When was the University of Chicago established?
How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have?
How many research divisions does the University of Chicago have?
How many students enroll in the University of Chicago's College?
What have University of Chicago scholars played a major role in the development of?
Who helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction?
Where was the world's first self-sustaining nuclear reaction developed?
What is the largest university press in the US?
When is the Barack Obama Presidential Center projected to be completed?
Who founded the University of Chicago?
Who was the wealthiest man in history?
Who was the first president of the University of Chicago?
When did William Rainey Harper become president of the University of Chicago?
When were the first classes at the University of Chicago held?
Who donated land to the University of Chicago?
Who provided the funds for the first building of the University of Chicago?
What was the name of the first building constructed at the University of Chicago?
How much did Marshall Field pledge to donate to the University of Chicago?
Who was the Trustee, treasurer and donor of Hutchinson Commons?
Who was the University of Chicago afraid it would lose by affiliating with smaller colleges?
In what year did the University of Chicago affiliate with Shimer College?
What did the University of Chicago require of a student to earn a degree from an affiliated school?
What happened to the affiliated program by 1910?
By what year had the Shimer program passed into history?
Who was the fifth president of the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the liberal arts curriculum at Northwestern known as?
WhyDid he eliminate varsity football?
How long was Robert Maynard Hutchins president?
When did Robert Maynard Hutchins become president of the University of Chicago?
In what decade did applications to the University of Chicago decline?
Why did student applications decline in the early 1950s?
When do students transfer to the University of Chicago?
What neighborhood saw increased crime and poverty in the 1950s?
What did the early entrant program do?
In what year did students occupy George Beadle's office?
What was the cause of the 1962 protest?
In what year was the Kalven Report issued?
How long was the Kalven Report?
In what areas of policy was the Kalven Report issued?
When did the University of Chicago begin a number of multimillion dollar expansion projects?
What did the University of Chicago announce plans to establish in 2008?
How much will the Milton Friedman Institute cost?
Where will the Milton Friedman Institute be located?
Who donated $300 million to the Booth School of Business?
What are the first buildings of the University of Chicago called?
How many quadrangles make up the University of Chicago campus?
Who designed the majority of the buildings of the University of Chicago campus?
Mitchell Tower is modeled after what college?
What does Hutchinson Hall resemble?
When did the Gothic style on campus begin to give way to modern styles?
Who was contracted to develop a second master plan in 1955?
What school did Ludwig Mies van der Rohe design a building for at Northwestern?
What school is housed in the building designed by Edward Durrell Stone?
In what year was the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center constructed?
Where is the Booth School of Business located?
On which river is the University of Chicago's Center in Paris located?
When did the University of Chicago open a center in Beijing?
What university is the University of Chicago's Beijing center near?
When did the University of Chicago's center in Hong Kong open?
Who governs the University of Chicago?
How many members are on the University of Chicago's Board of Trustees?
How many Vice Presidents does the University of Chicago have?
Who is the current chairman of the Board of Trustees?
Who is president of the University of Chicago as of August 2009?
Who is responsible for the accreditation of the University of Chicago?
How many divisions of graduate research does the University of Chicago have?
How many professional schools are part of the University of Chicago?
How many academic majors does the College of the University of Chicago offer?
How many minors does the college of the University of Chicago offer?
How many divisions are the college's academics divided into?
Interdisciplinary majors and studies which do not fit into one of the other four divisions are administered in which division?
What is the name of the University of Chicago's core curriculum?
How many students were in the Core classes in 2012-2013?
According to Uni in the USA, what type of learning experience does UChicago provide?
Who said that UChicago provides the most rigorous and intense learning experience?
What is the name of the private day school operated by the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems?
How many public charter schools does the University of Chicago operate?
How many charter schools does the University of Chicago operate?
Where is the Hyde Park Day School?
How many libraries does the University of Chicago Library system encompass?
How many volumes does the University of Chicago Library system contain?
What is the name of the University of Chicago's main library?
When was the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library built?
How many volumes does the John Crerar Library contain?
How many research institutes does the University of Chicago operate?
How many research centers are on campus?
What is the name of the museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned by the University of Chicago?
What particle physics laboratory does Chicago University have a joint stake in?
Where is Apache Point Observatory located?
What has the University of Chicago played an important role in economics?
What was the name of the first self-sustained man-made nuclear reaction?
What was the name of the chemical experiment that tested how life originated on early Earth?
When was REM sleep discovered?
When did the University of Chicago start offering doctorates in music composition?
When did the University of Chicago add a master of arts in the humanities with a creative writing track?
When was Cinema & Media studies added to the UChicago Arts program?
When did the theater and performance studies program begin at UChicago?
How many undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes?
How many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many graduate students attended the University of Chicago in 2014?
How many professional students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
What type of student made up almost 19% of the overall study body at the University of Chicago in 2012?
What does UAA stand for?
Where do the Chicago Maroons compete?
What was the name of the conference that Chicago was a founding member of?
Who was the first winner of the Heisman Trophy?
Why did Chicago drop football in 1939?
How many Recognized Student Organizations does the University of Chicago have?
What are the over 400 clubs and organizations at the University of Chicago known as?
Which University of Chicago team has won 118 tournaments and 15 national championships?
What is the nation's longest running student film society?
Where is the University of Chicago's improvisational theater troupe located?
Who are elected to represent members from their respective academic unit?
Who is responsible for the administration of the student government at the University of Chicago?
How many Vice Presidents does the Executive Committee have?
What is the annual budget of the University of Chicago Student Government?
How many fraternities are at the University of Chicago?
How many sororities are at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the one co-ed community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the one co-ed community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
How many of the fraternaternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council?
When is the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt held?
When did the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt begin?
What does FOTA stand for?
What is the name of the week long winter festival held at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the University of Chicago's summer carnival and concert?
Which Microsoft alumni attended KU?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Which former Governor of New Jersey studied at KU?
Who is the founder of McKinsey & Company and author of the first management accounting textbook?
Which founder of modern community organizing studied at KU?
Which former Bill Clinton advisor attended KU?
Which federal judge graduated from the University of Kansas?
Who was the Governor of the Bank of Japan?
Which Prohibition agent studied at KU?
Who wrote The Closing of the American Mind?
Which famous satirist graduated from the University of Kansas?
Who wrote Before I Fall?
Who wrote the novel "The Good War"?
Which Pulitzer Prize winning novelist graduated from the University of Kansas?
What composer graduated from the University of Kansas?
Who created the Halo video game?
What video game series was created by Alex Seropian?
Which actor graduated from the Ann Arbor School of Music?
Which comedian graduated from the University of Kansas?
Which famous astronomer studied at KU?
Which NASA astronaut graduated from KU?
Which popular environmentalist graduated from Imperial?
Which famous lithium-ion battery developer graduated from Imperial?
Which graduate of Imperial studied uranium-lead dating?
Which Nobel Memorial Prize winner attended the University of Kansas?
Who is a notable graduate of the Hayek School of Economics?
Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?
Who is an alumnus of the University of Chicago?
Which two prominent anthropologists studied at KU?
Which chess grandmaster studied at KU?
Which White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council studied at KU?
Who was a notable faculty member at the University of Kansas?
Who discovered the Compton Effect?
Who invented the hydrogen bomb?
Who was one of the most brilliant and productive experimental physicists of the twentieth century?
Who was the second female Nobel Laureate?
What famous Egyptologist has been a faculty member at the University of Kansas?
Which mathematician has been a faculty member at KU?
Which meteorologist has been a faculty member at KU?
Which Nobel Prize winner studied at KU?
Who are cancer researchers at KU?
Who is the current governor of India's central bank?
What bank's former CEO, Hank Paulson, is a faculty member at the Hayek School?
Which Shakespeare scholar is currently a faculty member at the Hayek School?
Which two renowned political scientists are members of the faculty at the Hayek Institute?
Which paleontologists are currently on the faculty at KU?
What is the pinyin for the Yuan dynasty?
What was the official name of the Yuan dynasty?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
When did Kublai Khan declare the Yuan dynasty in traditional Chinese?
What empire was the Yuan dynasty a successor to?
What dynasty did the Yuan dynasty follow?
What dynasty came after the Yuan dynasty?
Who was the founder of the Yuan dynasty?
When was the Yuan dynasty established?
Where is the name Great Yuan found?
What was the Mongolian counterpart to the Chinese phrase?
What does Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean?
Emperors of the Yuan held what nominal title?
What did Genghis unite?
When did Genghis become the leader of the Mongols?
Who was the third son of Genghis?
When did Mongke Khan succeed his father as Great Khan?
Who was Kublai's brother?
Who did many Han Chinese and Khitan join the Mongols to fight?
Which Khitan leader defected to the Mongols?
Which two Han Chinese leaders defected to the Mongols?
How many troops did each Tumen consist of?
How many Tumens did Khitan Xiao Zhala command?
What ethnicity was Shi Tianze?
Where did Shi Tianze live?
What became common at this time?
Who was Shi Tianze's father?
Chagaan and Zhang Rou jointly launched an attack on what dynasty?
Who started a campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty?
Where was the Chinese Song dynasty based?
When did Mughke Khan die?
Who was Kublai's brother?
What was the Chinese name that Kublai adopted?
Who was Kaidu's grandfather?
In what direction did the Song dynasty remain an obstacle to Kublai?
Who did Kublai make ruler of Korea?
What border did Kublai secure in 1259?
When did a revolt against Mongol rule occur?
What was Kublai's government a compromise between?
What did Kublai leave untouched?
What was the lowest rank in the Yuan society?
How many classes did Kublai divide Yuan society into?
What traditional monopolies did Kublai maintain?
Where was the Mongol capital before it was moved to Khanbaliq?
Where did Kublai move the capital to?
When did Kublai prepare to move the Mongol capital to Khanbaliq?
What was the former capital of Jurchen?
What rituals did Kublai use to show his sage status?
What did Kublai Khan promote?
What does Pax Mongolica mean?
Where was the Grand Canal originally located?
Where did Kublai Khan end the expansion of the Grand Canal?
Who wrote the most influential European account of Yuan China?
Who did Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou flee south with?
When was the Jin dynasty established?
WhenDid the Jin dynasty last?
Who was Duke Yansheng's brother?
How many descendants of Confucius live in Quzhou?
Where did Kublai strengthen his government?
When did Kublai siege Xiangyang?
What river did Kublai want to capture?
What was the capital of the Song dynasty?
How did the last Song emperor die?
When did Kublai face financial difficulties?
Why did Kublai's second invasion fail?
Where did the Tran dynasty rule?
Where did the Tran dynasty defeat the Mongols?
When was the Battle of Bạch Đằng?
When did the Yuan conquer Dali?
Who died before Kublai?
When did Zhenjin die?
What was Temür Khan's nickname?
During what years did Emperor Chengzong reign?
Who was the fourth Yuan emperor?
What was Ayurbarwada the first Yuan emperor to do?
Who was Buyantu Khan's mentor?
What did Buyantu Khan liquidate?
When were traditional imperial examinations reintroduced?
Who was Ayurbarwada's successor?
During what years did Emperor Gegeen Khan reign?
Who was Emperor Gegeen Khan's chancellor?
What does Da Yuan Tong Zhi mean?
How many princes were involved in the coup that killed Emperor Gegeen Khan?
Where did Yesün Temür die?
What was the name of the civil war between Ragibagh and Tugh Temür?
How long did Kusala live?
Who killed Tugh Temür?
Who won the civil war against Ragibagh?
What was Tugh Temür known for?
What was Tugh Temür's most concrete effort to patronize Chinese learning?
When was the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature founded?
What was the name of the large institutional compendium created by Tugh Temür?
What religion did Tugh Temür practice?
In what year did Tugh Temür past away?
What was the name of Rinchinbal?
How old was Emperor Huizong when he took over?
How many successors did Kublai Khan have?
What dynasties' histories did Toghun Temür finish in 1345?
What were the final years of the Yuan dynasty marked by?
Why did Kublai's successors lose influence?
Who were the Yuan separated from?
What happened without interference from the Yuan armies?
What was the Yuan not interested in?
When?
What uprising started in 1351?
Why did Toghun Temür dismiss him?
What did Toghtogha crush in 1354?
When did the Míng dynasty rule?
What promoted trade between East and West?
What produced a fair amount of cultural exchange?
What was the name of the ally of the Yuan dynasty?
What crops were popularized during the Yuan dynasty?
What type of musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts?
What other religions enjoyed toleration during this period?
What religion was persecuted by the Yuan government?
What governmental practices were reinstated by the Yuan court?
In which fields were advances made during this period?
Who was the most famous traveler of the period?
Where was the capital of the Great Khan?
Il milione is also known as what in English?
What was the name of Marco Polo's travel book?
How did Marco Polo acquire much of his knowledge?
Who was one of Kublai Khan's top engineers and scientists?
How far off is the modern Gregorian calendar?
What did the Yuan use to prevent famines?
What city became the terminus of the Grand Canal of China?
What was the major food crop introduced to China by the Yuan?
Who ruled all of China during the Yuan dynasty?
What do Mongols worship?
What was the name of the dynasty before the Yuan?
Which dynasty overthrew the Yuan dynasty?
What did Chinese people consider the Yuan dynasty to be?
What cultures did the Yuan government include?
Where did the Chinese-style elements of the Yuan bureaucracy come from?
What Chinese advisers helped Kublai's early court?
What division of authority?
What did the Chinese tripartite division of authority consist of?
Where was the military authority in Yuan times?
When were the Six Ministries introduced?
What two groups had their own courts of justice?
What was the smallest government department in Yuan times?
When was the Phags-pa script invented?
What languages is the Phags-pa script used for?
How well could Yuan emperors speak Chinese?
Who ordered the compilation of books?
What was Tugh Temur also known as?
By what year were commoners selling their children into slavery?
When did Kublai ban the sale of Mongols abroad?
How did the Yuan earn their money?
What arts developed during the Yuan dynasty?
What three arts were combined during the Yuan dynasty?
What dynasty is linked to the Yuan dynasty?
What was the main development in Yuan poetry?
What variety show was one of the most important during the Yuan dynasty?
What type of khanates did the Yuan dynasty not convert to Islam?
What religion did Kublai Khan favor?
What was the de facto state religion during the Yuan dynasty?
What was the top government department during the Yuan dynasty?
What sect did Kublai Khan favor?
When was Zhu Shijie born?
When did Zhu Shijie die?
What are the rectangular array of coefficients in Zhu Shijie's equations comparable to?
What advanced during the Yuan era?
When was Zhu Shijie's method written?
What did Guo Shoujing do?
What did Gou Shoujing use for his astronomical calculations?
What was the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty?
What does Shoushi Li mean?
When was the Shoushi Li calender disseminated?
Who were the Yuan's healers divided into?
What did otachi use?
What type of medicine did Mongol shamans perform?
What organization was created to manage the education of new Yuan physicians?
Why were Confucian scholars attracted to the medical profession?
How many schools did the Yuan inherit from the Jin dynasty?
Where did the Yuan get their medical traditions?
How did Chinese medicine spread to the west?
What were transmitted westward to the middle east?
When did Wei Yilin die?
What was another name for huihui?
Who founded the Office of Western Medicine?
When was the Office of Western Medicine founded?
Why did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine?
What two philosophies did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine?
How was Chinese printing technology transferred to Mongols?
Who wrote Nong Shu?
When was movable type invented?
Who was Ögedei's wife?
When was the Imperial Library Directorate created?
What was the paper money of the Yuan called?
What were the Chao made from?
When did the Yuan switch to bronze plates for paper money production?
What was used to print Yuan paper money?
When did the Il-khanate government begin to issue paper money?
What did Kublai Khan compromise on?
What system was Kublai Khan trying to compromise?
What were the Semuren?
What term does this give the Yuan regime?
Persians reached the top of the government in what state?
Who did the Mongols import to serve as administrators in China?
Who did the Mongols send to serve as administrators in Bukhara?
Where were Han Chinese moved to by the Mongols?
What were the Han Chinese employed as by the Mongols?
Who was the Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand?
What did the Yuan Emperors do to Muslims?
What type of butchering did the Yuan Emperors make Jews endure?
Who was the founder of the Ming dynasty?
What could a Chinese surname mean?
What class revolted against the Yuan dynasty in the Ispah Rebellion?
Who wrote that the usage of the term social classes was misleading?
What did Mote say the position of people within the four class system entailed?
Who were the Chinese in the four classes?
What did Mongol and Semu have?
What group of Chinese were ranked higher after surrendering to Mongols?
Which Chinese were ranked lower due to their fighting to the end?
Why were the Northern Chinese ranked higher?
What happened to people after they surrendered to the Mongols?
Who had favorable conditions during the time of major commerce?
Who surrendered to the Mongols first?
Who was ranked higher than the Korean King?
Who objected when the Mongols placed the Uighurs over the Koreans at court?
How did the Uighurs surrender to the Mongols?
What was considered the most important region of the dynasty?
Who governed the Central Region?
Where was the Central Secretariat located?
Where is the Central Secretariat now located?
What was another name for the Central Secretariat?
Where is Kenya located?
What organization is Kenya a founding member of?
What is the capital of Kenya?
What country borders Kenya to the south?
What was the population of Kenya in July 2014?
What type of climate does Kenya have?
What is the climate like in the savannah grasslands around Nairobi?
What mountain in Kenya has snow on its peak?
What countries border Kenya in the north east?
What is Kenya known for?
When did humans first inhabit the African Great Lakes region?
When did the Bantu expansion occur?
What two groups make up around 97% of the population of Kenya?
When did Europeans explore the interior of Kenya?
When did Kenya gain independence?
What is the Republic of Kenya named after?
What are the three words that mean "God's resting place"?
What does Kiinyaa mean?
How did Ludwig Krapf record the name of Kenya?
What is the pronunciation of the name Kenya?
Who drew a map of Kenya in 1882?
When was the mountain named Mt. Kenia?
What is the name given to the largest game animals in Africa?
What are the "Big Five" game animals of Africa?
Where are the "Big Five" found?
When does the annual animal migration occur in Kenya?
How far do the wildebeest migrate each year?
How long ago were primates thought to have lived in Kenya?
When did they live in?
Who discovered the Turkana Boy?
How old was the Turkana Boy fossil?
Who were responsible for research at Olorgesailie and Hyrax Hill?
Who built Mombasa into a major port city?
What city did the Swahili build?
What Portuguese voyager claimed that Mombasa was a place of great traffic?
Where has Malindi been a host to many merchants and explorers?
What is the largest city on the Kenyan coast?
When did Malindi become an important Swahili settlement?
When did World War I begin?
Who agreed to a truce at the start of World War I?
Who took command of the German military forces in British East Africa?
How did von Lettow-Vorbeck survive?
Where did Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck surrender?
Where did over a million members of the Kikuyu people live?
How did the people earn a living?
What did the settlers do to protect their interests?
How many white settlers lived in Kenya in the 1950s?
When was Warũhiũ Itote captured?
What did the capture of Warũhiũ Itote do?
When did Operation Anvil open?
How many Mau Mau were killed?
What was the Swynnerton Plan?
When were the first direct elections for Legislative Council?
Who formed the government of Kenya?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya end?
When did Kenya become an independent country?
What was Kenya's new name when it became a republic?
What does the "queuing" system entail?
What did the using of the queue system lead to?
Who won re-election in 1992 and 1997?
What type of government does Kenya have?
What does the president also hold?
How is executive power used in Kenya?
Who holds Legislative power in Kenya?
What branch of government is independent of the executive and legislature in Kenya?
Where does Kenya rank on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index?
What does the CPI try to do?
Where did Kenya rank on the CPI in 2012?
What is an example of how the Kenyan government is trying to combat corruption?
What party did Kibaki belong to?
What was the main opposition party in the elections?
How did Kibaki eventually win the election?
Who called for a recount?
What did the government and civil society organisations start after the election riots?
What commission started community dialogues after the election riots?
What church in Kenya started peace meetings?
What was the name of the process that was started after the election riots?
When did Kibaki and Odinga agree on a coalition government?
What position would Odinga hold in Kenya's government?
Who would make up the cabinet?
How many cabinet ministers will be chosen?
How long does the pact last?
What is the purpose of the office of the Prime Minister?
Who did the world watch?
Where was the signing ceremony broadcast live?
When did representatives of PNU and ODM begin working on the power-sharing agreement?
What happens in the grand coalition?
What changes were made to the constitution?
When was the new constitution passed in Kenya?
What did the new constitution do?
When was the second constitution of Kenya passed?
What does the new constitution of 2010 herald?
When was the Security Laws Amendment Bill signed?
What was the purpose of the Security Laws Amendment Bill?
Who criticized the Security Laws Amendment Bill?
What did Western countries criticize the Security Laws Amendment Bill for?
Which Western governments spoke out against the Security Laws Amendment Bill?
What happened in 2013?
Who was the first American president to visit Kenya while in office?
Where did Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta visit in July 2015?
WhenDid Obama visit Kenya as president?
Where are the armed forces deployed?
What happened after the elections in 2007?
What have there been serious allegations of in the counter-insurgency operations?
What government institution has been tainted by corruption allegations?
Why has corruption been so low in the Kenyan armed forces?
What happened in 2010?
What has been questioned about the procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers?
What is Kenya's HDI score?
What country has the biggest and most advanced economy in east and central Africa?
What did 17.7% of Kenyans live on?
What is Kenya usually classified as?
What has boosted the service sector?
What is an important catalyst of economic growth?
What sector accounts for 16% of the GDP?
How much of the labour force does the agriculture sector employ?
How much of Kenya's GDP is from the services sector?
What is Kenya's largest foreign exchange earning sector?
What has been the trend of Kenya's tourism sector since independence?
Where do most tourists go in Kenya?
What countries are the largest tourist to Kenya?
How much of Kenya's GDP is agriculture?
What are Kenya's principal cash crops?
What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's GDP?
What affects the production of major food staples such as corn?
What is the name of the consortium that has been helping farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties?
Why did ICRISAT help farmers grow pigeon pea varieties?
How did ICRISAT encourage the commercialization of legumes?
How much did the commercialization of the legumes impact the prices?
What has the commercialization of pigeon pea done for farmers?
Where in Kenya is tea grown?
What crops are grown in the fertile highlands of Kenya?
Where does livestock thrive?
How much of the population lives below the poverty line
What initiative was started by the Red Cross in response to famine in 2011?
What is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region?
How much does manufacturing contribute to Kenya's GDP?
What are the three largest urban centers in Kenya?
What does Jua Kali do?
What helped boost manufacturing in Kenya?
When did AGOA go into effect?
Where does Kenya get it's electricity from?
What are the two main hydroelectric power stations in Kenya?
When was Kenya Electricity Generating Company established?
Where is oil found in Kenya?
What is the estimate for Kenya's oil reserves?
What is still being conducted to determine if there are more oil reserves in Kenya?
How much does petroleum account for in Kenya's import bill?
How much money did China invest in Kenya in 2013?
How important is China to Kenya?
What was President Kenyatta hoping to gain during his visit to China in 2013?
Who shipped Kenya's first major consignment of minerals to China?
What problems has China caused in Kenya?
What is the name of the economic development plan that Kenya unveiled in 2007?
What is Vision 2030?
What did Kenya launch in 2013 to address climate change?
Why did Kenya launch a Climate Change Action Plan in 2013?
What did the Secretary of Planning, National Development and Vision 2030 emphasise at the launch of the Action Plan?
Where do most children in Kenya work?
In 2006, what percentage of girls in Kenya were estimated to be subject to prostitution?
What are the ages of most prostitutes in Kenya?
What are the causes of child labour in Kenya?
Do all ethnic groups in Kenya speak the same language?
What are the two official languages of Kenya?
Where is English commonly spoken in Kenya?
Where is British English primarily spoken?
What religion do most Kenyans practice?
What religion do 47.7% of Kenyans identify with?
How many members does the Presbyterian Church of East Africa have?
Where is the only Jewish synagogue in Kenya?
What percentage of Kenya is nonreligious?
What percentage of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's coastal region?
What is the religion of Western areas of Kenya?
How many Hindus live in Kenya?
What profession in Kenya treats 80% of the population?
Where are complicated cases referred?
How many nurses were registered in Kenya in 2011?
How many doctors were in Kenya in 2011?
What directly correlate with a country's economic performance?
How many Kenyans live below the poverty line?
What are the biggest burden on health care in Kenya?
What are they mostly to blame for?
How many cases of malaria were there in Kenya in 2006?
Who introduced Kenya's first system of education?
When was Kenya's independence?
What was the name of the authority that was formed after Kenya's independence?
What did the Ominde Commission focus on?
What was the curriculum system adopted in Kenya in 1964?
What was the goal of the Presidential Working Party in 1981?
What system did the Presidential Working Party recommend?
What system did the Presidential Working Party recommend?
When did the last batch of students from the 7-4-2-3 system graduate from Kenya Universities?
When was Kenya's current 8-4-4 system introduced?
What did the 8-4-4 system put more emphasis on?
Why was vocational education added to Kenya's school system?
When was free primary education introduced in Kenya?
How much did primary school enrolment increase?
When does basic formal education start in Iran?
How many years does basic education last?
What do children who finish primary school do?
What do high school graduates get to do after high school?
What percentage of the population in Kenya can read?
What age is primary school in Kenya?
What is the importance of pre-school in Kenya?
What does the KCPE determine?
What is the name of the national examination at the end of Form Four in Kenya?
Who runs the National and Public Library Services in Kenya?
What is the mission of the Kenya National Library Service?
What is a public library in Kenya considered to be?
Why is a public library seen as a peoples university?
What sports are played in Kenya?
What is Kenya known for?
Who continue to dominate the world of distance running?
What countries have begun to challenge Kenya in distance running?
How many gold medals did Kenya win in the 2008 Olympics?
How did Kenya do in the 2008 Olympics?
What prize did the 800m gold medalist win?
What has caused controversy in Kenyan athletics circles?
Why do most Kenyan athletes defect?
What sport has Kenya been a dominant force in?
What is Kenya's most popular team sport?
When did Kenya reach the semi-finals of the World Cup?
Who is the current captain of the Kenya cricket team?
When was FIFA's suspension of Kenya lifted?
What is one of the toughest rallies in the world?
What is the Safari Rally commonly known for?
Who have won the Safari Rally?
How many meals do Kenyans typically eat?
What are the two teas that Kenyan's have each day?
What is served for breakfast in Kenya?
What is eaten for lunch in Kenya?
Who is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change under the auspices of?
What two organizations first established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
What does the UNFCCC aim to stabilize?
What is the main international treaty on climate change?
What UN resolution endorsed the establishment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
Who is the current chair of the IPCC?
What nationality is Hoesung Lee?
Who was the chair of the IPCC before Hoesung Lee?
Who was the chair of the IPCC elected in 1988?
When did Rajendra K. Pachauri leave the IPCC?
Who makes up the IPCC Panel?
How many government officials attended the 2003 meeting?
Who were in attendance at the 2003 meeting?
How many of the attendees were from government?
When was the Trust Fund established?
Who founded the Trust Fund?
What does UNEP stand for?
What is the organisation required to comply with?
What does WMO stand for?
Does the IPCC conduct research on climate?
What do lead authors of IPCC reports assess?
What is the "grey literature"?
What are some examples of non-peer-reviewed sources?
How many "coordinating lead authors" does a chapter typically have?
How many lead authors does a chapter have?
How many contributing authors does a chapter have?
Who is responsible for assembling the contributions of other authors?
Who do the coordinating lead authors report to?
What do emissions from human activities do to atmospheric gases?
What will emissions result in on average?
How much of the enhanced greenhouse effect has CO2 been estimated to have caused?
Under what scenario does the WG I Summary for Policymakers report predict global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 degrees Celsius per decade during the 21st century?
What has global mean surface air temperature done over the last 100 years?
When did 16 national science academies issue a joint statement on climate change?
How many science academies issued a joint statement on climate change in 2001?
Which journal was the joint statement published in?
What percentage of scientists support the TAR's conclusion that temperatures will continue to rise?
By 2100, average global surface temperature is projected to increase by what amount?
Who is the author of the TAR?
What does Lindzen say the WGI Summary for Policymakers does?
Who was a co-chair of the TAR WGI?
What position did John Houghton hold prior to being a member of the TAR?
What must changes to the SPM be supported by?
How are Special Reports prepared?
In what year were two Special Reports finalized?
In what year were two Special Reports finalized?
How did the Special Reports come about?
What other activities does the IPCC support?
What are factors used to derive emissions estimates?
What are the default emission factors used to derive emissions estimates?
Who gives the IPCC the tasks it has?
What did the IPCC acknowledge was incorrect in its final summary?
What did the IPCC express regret for?
Where was the date of 2035 correctly quoted by the IPCC?
What was the source of the ICSI report?
What was Robert Watson's former position?
What did the mistakes all appear to have gone in the direction of?
What role did Martin Parry previously hold in the IPCC?
Over what did Martin Parry say the clamour for more information on climate change began?
What did Parry say about the other mistakes investigated by the IPCC?
In what year was the "hockey stick graph" paper written?
Who wrote MBH99?
What has the "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" been referred to as?
Which three reconstructions supported the MBH99 finding?
These studies were presented as demonstrating that the current warming period is exceptional in comparison to temperatures between what years?
Who spoke at the hearing on July 18, 2000?
Where was the press event held?
When was the hearing on the graph held?
At what hearing did Karlén and Singer argue against the graph?
Who was the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce in 2005?
Who was the chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations?
When did Representative Joe Barton write a letter to Mann, Bradley, and Hughes seeking information about their research?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee in 2005?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee in 2005?
When was the third AR4 report published?
When was the AR4 published?
How many of the 14 reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer?
What problem affected certain tree ring data in 2007?
How many reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer?
When was a study published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report?
What was published on 1 February 2007?
What did the study find about temperature and sea level change over the six years studied?
What was the actual sea level rise during the six years studied?
A study on what topic suggests that previous estimates by the IPCC may have been understated?
What was the projected rise in sea levels projected by the IPCC in its Third Assessment Report?
In 2100, what would be the projected rise in sea levels above 1990 levels?
When was the IPCC's Third Assessment Report published?
What position did Michael Oppenheimer hold in the Fifth Assessment Report?
In which magazine did Oppenheimer concede some limitations of the consensus approach?
What did Oppenheimer ask for instead of the large scale approach?
What was the ozone depletion global regulation based on?
The Kyoto Protocol failed in what area?
Who follow different goals?
Who compared the ozone depletion case to global warming?
What remain an unsolved problem?
The stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge was based as well on successfully reducing what?
Who ordered the Stern Review?
Who does the IPCC rely on for independent research?
What cannot be included in an IPCC report before the final release?
Which organization is widely regarded as the ultimate authority on climate science?
How many climate scientists wrote in Nature calling for changes to the IPCC?
In which journal did the five climate scientists write in 2010 calling for changes to the IPCC?
What did the five climate scientists suggest?
What was one of the recommendations to avoid political interference in the assessment process?
What is the main function of chloroplasts?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What is the process in which chloroplasts convert ATP and NADPH to organic molecules?
How many chloroplasts are in an algae cell?
How do chloroplasts reproduce?
What influences the behavior of chloroplasts?
What makes chloroplasts different from mitochondria?
Where did chloroplasts come from?
How are chloroplasts made?
Where are chloroplasts only found?
What nationality was Konstantin Mereschkowski?
What was Konstantin Mereschkowski's profession?
When was the origin of chloroplasts first suggested?
Who observed chloroplasts in 1883?
What are the ancestors of chloroplasts?
What kind of organisms are Cyanobacteria?
What does gram-negative mean?
What type of cell wall does Cyanobacteria contain?
What are they sometimes called?
What type of cell did the free-living cyanobacterium enter?
When did a free-living cyanobacterium enter an early eukaryotic cell?
What surrounds all chloroplasts?
What membrane from the host was probably lost?
What happened to the cyanobacterium after it was assimilated?
What does plastid mean?
How many lineages are there?
What is the third chloroplast lineage?
Which lineage contains land plants?
Which chloroplast lineage contains land plants?
What type of algae is Cyanophora?
What is Cyanophora?
What are muroplasts?
What is the icosahedral structure that glaucophyte chloroplasts and cyanobacteria keep their carbon fixation enzyme rubisco in?
What shape does a carboxysome have?
What do Rhodoplasts need for photosynthesis?
Where are phycobilin pigments organized on the thylakoid membranes?
What gives red algae it's color?
What does the red phycoerytherin pigment do?
What does floridean consist of?
What do glaucophyte and red algae chloroplasts lose?
Why aren't all Hæmatococcus chloroplasts green?
What has chloroplastidan chloroplasts lost between their double membrane?
What have genes for the synthesis of peptidoglycan been repurposed for?
What do chloroplastidan chloroplasts contain?
How many membrane do primary chloroplasts have from their cyanobacterial ancestor?
What do secondary chloroplasts have?
What is a secondary endosymbiotic event?
What are the other two membranes in secondary chloroplasts?
What was the alga broken down to leave?
What do euglenophytes contain?
What kind of protists are Euglenophytes?
How are the pyrenoid and thylakoids arranged in euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is stored in the form of paramylon?
What was lost?
What are cryptophytes also known as?
What do cryptophytes contain?
What does it contain that superficially resembles chlorarachniophytes?
Where do cryptophytes store ordinary starch?
How many pyrenoid and thylakoids are in cryptophyte chloroplasts?
What are Apicomplexans parasitic?
What are apicomplexans another group of?
What is Plasmodium?
What do many apicomplexans keep?
How do apicomplexans store their energy?
What do apicoplasts synthesize?
What do drugs target?
What is the most important apicoplast function?
What do apicoplasts lack?
How many membranes are there?
What pigment is not found in any other group of chloroplasts?
What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast?
How many thylakoids are in the peridinin-type chloroplast?
What has the peridinin chloroplast lost?
What lineages lost their red algal derived chloroplast?
What lineages lost their red algal derived chloroplast?
How many membranes does a haptophyte chloroplast have?
How many membraned chloroplast would tertiary endosymbiosis create?
Where does the phycobilin-containing chloroplast come from?
What has been stripped from the cryptophyte?
What do members of the genus Dinophysis have taken from a cryptophyte?
What is the only chloroplast left from a cryptophyte?
What is another term for diatom?
What do Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have?
How many membranes are around a diatom derived chloroplast?
What do you count as the chloroplast?
Where does starch come from?
Where have all nucleomorph genes been transferred to?
What is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage?
What did Lepidodinium lose?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace their original peridinin chloroplast with?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace their original peridinin chloroplast with?
Where do most chloroplasts originate from?
What happened to Paulinella?
How many base pairs long is Chromatophore DNA?
How many genes does Chromatophore contain?
How long is Synechococcus genome?
What are two abbreviations for DNA of chloroplasts?
What is another name for ctDNA?
When was the existence of chloroplasts first proved?
When was DNA of chloroplasts first sequenced?
Who sequenced the DNA of liverwort and tobacco?
What are conserved among land plants?
What does it make when some chloroplast DNAs lose or flip the inverted repeats?
What do inverted repeats help do?
How have scientists tried to observe chloroplast replication?
How many main models have been proposed for the replication of chloroplast DNA?
What does the D-loop adopt as it moves through circular DNA?
What is another name for theta intermediary form?
How does the D-loop complete replication?
What type of gradients are present in cpDNA?
When does DNA become susceptible to deamination events?
What does it mean that most cpDNA is actually?
What is the second theory that suggests most cpDNA replicates through?
If only a minority of genetic material is kept in circular chromosomes, where is the rest of it kept?
What bacteriophage is the competing model for replication of CPDNA similar to?
What shape does one competing model for cpDNA replication assert that most cpDNA is?
What shape does the predominant theory suggest that most cpDNA is?
How does the predominant theory believe that most CPDNA replicates?
How do we know about lost chloroplasts?
What do genes in the former host's nucleus provide evidence for?
What do diatoms have now?
What did the diatom ancestor have that was replaced by the red chloroplast?
What did most chloroplast genes become?
How many of the protein products of transferred genes aren't targeted back to the chloroplast?
What new functions did many exaptations take on?
To reach the chloroplast from cytosol, you have to cross what?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
Where are chloroplast polypeptides stored after being synthesized on a ribosome?
What does phosphorylation do?
What does phosphorylation do to a polypeptide?
What shape are chloroplasts in land plants?
How large are the chloroplasts in land plants?
How thick are chloroplasts in land plants?
What shape is Oedogonium?
What shape does Chlorella have?
What are chloroplasts surrounded by?
What is the outer chloroplast membrane usually thought to be?
How similar are the outer and inner chloroplast membranes to cyanobacterium's original double membrane?
What is the chloroplast double membrane often compared to?
What is the inner mitochondria membrane used for?
What does the inner mitochondria membrane do?
What is the only chloroplast structure that can be compared to the mitochondrial double membrane?
What has no counterpart in the mitochondrion?
What are very rare in chloroplasts?
What is a stromule?
Why do stromules exist?
WhenWere stromules first observed?
Where is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum usually found?
Where is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum found?
What is a maze of membranous tubes and vesicles?
What is the purpose of the membranous tubes in the chloroplast peripheral reticulum?
Small vesicles shuttle stuff between what?
What do chloroplasts use their own ribosomes for?
What is the size of chloroplast ribosomes?
What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes?
What is essential for translation initiation in most chloroplasts and prokaryotes?
What is shine-dalgarno sequence recognition?
What is another name for plastoglobuli?
What shape are plastoglobuli?
What are plastoglobuli made of?
How large are plastoglobuli?
What surrounds plastoglobuli?
How are plastoglobuli attached?
A configuration of plastoglobuli attached to a thylakoid allows them to exchange its contents with what?
How do most plastoglobuli occur in normal chloroplasts?
When do plastoglobuli occur in chains?
Where are pyrenoids found?
What shape are pyrenoids?
What property do pyrenoids have that makes them a site for starch accumulation?
What accumulates around pyrenoids when CO2 is scarce?
What can pyrenoids do when CO2 is scarce?
What model suggests that grana consist of a stack of flattened circular granal thylakoids?
What shape do granal thylakoids have?
How many thylakoids does each granum contain?
How many thylakoids are most common?
What are wrapped around the grana?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do photosystem II and photosystem I use the light energy to do?
What do molecules in the thylakoid membrane do with the energized electrons?
What is ATP synthase similar to?
How many types of thylakoids are there?
How are granal thylakoids arranged?
What are stromal thylakoids in contact with?
What shape are granal thylakoids?
How large are granal thylakoids?
How many photosynthetic carotenoids are there?
What do carotenoids do?
Why do some land plants change color?
What is β-carotene?
What is an example of a xanthophyll?
What are phycobilins?
What color does phycoerytherin make algae?
What does phycoerytherin do?
What does phycobilins usually organize into?
How large are phycobilins?
What does chloroplasts use to fix carbon dioxide into sugar molecules?
What does rubisco have a problem with?
What does rubisco do when it has trouble distinguishing between carbon dioxide and oxygen?
What cycle uses rubisco?
What is wasted when rubisco accidentally adds oxygen to sugar precursors?
What are mesophyll cells specialized for?
What does bundle sheath chloroplasts lack?
What do chloroplasts use to make ATP and NADPH?
Where do C4 cells store CO2?
What is the job of bundle sheath chloroplasts?
Which parts of a plant contain chloroplasts?
What makes a plant green?
What are cells that contain chloroplasts called?
Where can chloroplasts be found?
What is a chlorenchyma cell?
Where are chloroplasts found in cacti?
Where are chloroplasts found in most plants?
How many cells does stomatal guard cells contain?
How many chloroplasts are in a square millimeter of leaf tissue?
Where are chloroplasts mainly found in a leaf?
When do chloroplasts spread out in a sheet?
When do chloroplasts seek shelter?
What does it protect the chloroplasts from?
Why did land plants evolve to have many small chloroplasts?
What follows chloroplasts as they move?
How many immune responses do plants have?
What happens during the hypersensitive response?
What happens during systemic acquired resistance?
How do chloroplasts stimulate immune responses?
What does it produce?
What molecules do chloroplasts produce after sensing stress in a cell?
When do chloroplasts produce molecules like salicylic acid?
How do reactive oxygen species leave the chloroplast?
What is retrograde signaling?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What does photosynthesis produce?
What is used in photosynthesis?
What is produced during photosynthesis?
How do chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient?
Where do the molecules between the photosystems pump hydrogen ions?
How many hydrogen ions are in the thylakoid system?
What does ATP synthase do with the energy from the flowing hydrogen ions?
What does ATP synthase produce?
What takes charge of reenergized electrons?
What is it called when electrons are recycled?
Where is cyclic photophosphorylation most common?
What do C4 plants need to prevent cyclic photophosphorylation?
What cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) molecules?
What happens to the RuBP molecules when Rubisco fixes CO2?
What does the unstable six-carbon molecule break down into?
How many molecules leave the Calvin cycle?
How does starch get made?
When do starch grains grow large?
What happens to grana and thylakoids when starch grains grow large?
What can cause starch buildup in chloroplasts?
What might be a side effect of starch grains?
What can Rubisco do to cause photorespiration?
When does photorespiration occur?
What happens to photosynthesis when Rubisco is accidentally added to RuBP?
How much carbon does Rubisco waste?
Why are chloroplasts in C4 plants notable?
Where do chloroplasts store amino acids?
What are the only sulfur-containing amino acids in a plant?
Why is cysteine synthesized in the cytosol and mitochondria?
What is unknown about the final step of the methionine synthesis?
What is a special type of plant cell organelle called a plastid?
Where are chloroplasts descended from?
Where are plastids commonly found?
When do chloroplasts develop from proplastids?
What happens if angiosperm are not exposed to the required light?
What is an etioplast?
What is a prolamellar body?
What do etioplasts have in place of chlorophyll?
What do not require light to form chloroplasts?
What happens when a carrot is illuminated?
What are chromoplasts?
What happens when a carrot is illuminated?
What happens when a carrot is illuminated?
What can turn back into proplastids if a plant is injured?
What do FtsZ1 and Ftsz2 form?
What does the division of chloroplast start with?
What does it create?
Where does the Z-ring form?
What system manages the placement of the Z-ring?
What does PD stand for?
How many plastid-dividing rings form?
How large are the filaments in the outer plastid-dividing ring?
How many nanometers apart are the plastid-dividing rings?
What happens in some species of Cyanidioschyzon merolæ?
What has been shown to be necessary for chloroplast division?
What does it take for chloroplasts to complete division?
What shape of chloroplasts do leaves grown in green light have?
What type of light is necessary for chloroplasts to grow?
Why are most flowering plants not inherited from the male parent?
What does the biological containment strategy lower?
What is the failure rate of transplastomic plants?
What is the term for plants that fail the containment process?
What is the only positive divisor in a prime number?
What is a natural number greater than 1 called?
What establishes the central role of primes in number theory?
Any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as what that is unique up to ordering?
Why does the fundamental theorem of arithmetic require excluding 1 as a prime?
What is the property of being prime called?
What does it consist of testing whether n is a multiple of any integer between 2 and.
What algorithm is fast but has a small probability of error?
Which algorithm produces the correct answer in polynomial time but is too slow to be practical?
What is the largest known prime number?
How many primes are there?
Who demonstrated that there are infinitely many primes?
What can be modelled about the distribution of primes in the large?
What was proven at the end of the 19th century?
When was the prime number theorem proven?
What conjecture states that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes?
What conjecture states that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2?
What aspect of numbers does number theory focus on?
What routine in information technology makes use of properties such as the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors?
What is an example of a generalization of prime numbers in algebra?
What is the maximum amount of prime a number can have?
What are the three divisors of n?
What term refers to any prime number greater than 2?
In the usual decimal system, all prime numbers larger than 5 end in 1, 3, 7 or what?
What type of numbers are multiples of 2?
What does Derrick Norman Lehmer use as his first prime?
Who listed 1 as the first prime in a correspondence with Leonhard Euler?
Who did Christian Goldbach have a famous correspondence with about the first prime?
What is the highest number on Derrick Norman Lehmer's list of primes?
What did mathematicians eventually accept that 1 forms?
What would not hold if 1 was called a prime?
When would the sieve of Eratosthenes not work correctly?
What is a prime number's relationship to its corresponding value?
What is another property that prime numbers have that the number 1 lacks?
A modified version of the sieve of Eratosthenes would eliminate all multiples of 1 and produce as output what?
Where are the Egyptian fraction expansions found?
Where are the earliest records of the explicit study of prime numbers?
What book from around 300 BC contains important theorems about primes?
Who showed how to construct a perfect number from a Mersenne prime?
What does the Sieve of Eratosthenes do?
When was Fermat's little theorem stated?
Who discovered that the Fermat number 232 + 1 is composite?
What prime number did Fermat say all numbers of the form are prime?
What prime form did Marin Mersenne study?
How many numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime?
What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer n?
When can trial division be more efficiently implemented?
What must be true of the integer m in the trial division routine?
How many trial divisions are necessary to check the primality of 37?
The trial division consists of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1 and what else?
How many classes can modern primality tests be divided into?
Primality tests are divided into what two classes?
What type of primality test is trial division?
What type of primality test is trial division?
What is the probability that a number is composite if repeated n times?
What does Fermat's little theorem rely on?
What does Fermat's little theorem rely on?
What satisfies the Fermat identity even though they are not prime?
What is an example of a more powerful extension of the Fermat primality test?
What is a more powerful extension of the Fermat primality test that fails at least some of the time when applied to composite numbers?
What are the Sophie Germain primes?
What is the name of prime numbers that are of the form?
What is particularly fast for numbers of the form 2p − 1?
What are prime numbers of the form 2p + 1 with p prime called?
What primes have a name that starts with the letter "F"?
How have some of the largest known primes been found?
When was the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project awarded a prize?
How much was the prize awarded for finding a prime with at least 10 million digits?
Who offers a prize of $150,000 for finding a prime with at least 100 million digits?
What interval are possible primes searched within?
What does the largest integer not greater than the number in question represent?
Who was the first to prove Bertrand's postulate?
Bertrand's postulate states that there always exists at least one prime number with n < p < 2n − 2 for what natural number?
What does Bertrand's postulate require?
What formula generates the number 2 many times and all other primes exactly once?
What condition must be met for a and q to have infinitely many primes?
What asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes?
What is the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9?
What do the rows starting with a = 3, 6, or 9 contain?
In all other rows, how many prime numbers are there?
What is closely related to prime numbers?
If there are infinitely many primes, what value would ζ(1) have?
What happens to the harmonic series if it exceeds any given number?
What does the harmonic series do when it diverges?
What is the Basel problem?
When does the Riemann hypothesis date from?
What does the Riemann hypothesis state about all zeroes of the ζ-function?
What does the Riemann hypothesis say causes irregularity in the distribution of prime numbers?
What does the prime number theorem apply to?
What does the prime number theorem apply to?
What asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two primes?
When were all four of Landau's problems still unsolved?
Goldbach's conjecture has been verified for what numbers?
What states that every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as a sum of three primes?
What states that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime?
What is the conjecture that there are infinitely many pairs of primes with difference 2 called?
What is a twin prime conjecture?
What is a strengthening of the conjecture concerning infinitely many pairs of consecutive primes that differ by 2n?
It is conjectured there are infinitely many primes of the form what?
What conjecture says that there are always at least four primes between the squares of consecutive primes greater than 2?
What was the canonical example of pure mathematics for a long time?
What British mathematician prided themselves on doing work that had no military significance?
WhenWas it announced that prime numbers could be used for the creation of public key cryptography algorithms?
What are prime numbers also used for?
What are prime numbers also used for?
If p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, what is 1/p always?
What is the period of a recurring decimal?
What must be divisible by p for Wilson's theorem to apply?
What must be true of an integer n > 4 to make it composite?
What must happen for the fraction 1/p expressed in base q to have the same effect?
What is one public-key cryptography algorithm that relies on large prime numbers?
What relies on modular exponentiation?
What is the typical large prime number used for RSA?
What does the Diffie-Hellman key exchange rely on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for?
What does Diffie-Hellman use?
What insect uses prime numbers to its advantage?
How do cicadas spend most of their lives?
How long do cicadas spend underground?
What is the logic behind the prime number intervals between emergences?
How much higher would predator populations be if there were an outbreak of 14 and 15 year cicadas?
What does the word prime mean?
What is a prime field?
How can any knot be uniquely expressed?
What is a second meaning of the word prime?
In knot theory, a prime knot is indecomposable in what way?
What algebraic structure defines addition, subtraction and multiplication?
What is one general concept that apply to elements of any commutative ring R?
In a ring Z of integers, the set of prime elements equals what set of elements?
What is a prime element of R?
What does an element need to be irreducible?
What continues to hold in unique factorization domains?
What is an example of a domain where the fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold?
What are the complex numbers of the Gaussian integers Z[i] of the form?
What are a and b in a Gaussian integers domain?
What is the form of rational prime elements in Z?
Where is the notion of number replaced with that of ideal?
What generalizes prime elements?
In addition to commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, what field of study uses prime ideals?
What generalizes to the Lasker-Noether theorem?
The Lasker-Noether theorem expresses every ideal in what?
What are the points of algebrabro-geometric objects?
What does factorization of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field resemble?
Where can prime ideals be used to prove quadratic reciprocity?
What does quadratic reciprocity concern?
What happens to the norm when a number is multiplied by p?
Where can arithmetic questions related to Q be transferred back and forth to?
What yields the field of real numbers?
What principle underlines the importance of primes to number theory?
Which composer used prime numbers to create ametrical music through natural phenomena?
What is the name of Olivier Messiaen's 1935 piece that uses prime numbers to create ametrical music?
What was the name of Messiaen's composition in 1949-50?
In which of Messiaen's compositions do primes 41, 43, 47 and 53 appear?
What did Messiaen use to inspire his compositions?
Where does the Rhine begin?
Where does the Rhine end?
What is the biggest city on the Rhine?
What is the longest river in Central and Western Europe?
How long is the Rhine?
Where is the Rhine located?
Where does the Rhine end?
How long is the Rhine?
What is the name of the Rhine in modern languages derived from?
What was the former spelling of Dutch Rijn?
What was the Gaulish name for the Rhine?
When was the name Rēnos adapted in Roman-era geography?
What is the name of the Rhine in modern languages derived from?
What was the former spelling of Dutch Rijn?
What was the former spelling of the Dutch name for the Rhine?
What was the Gaulish name for the Rhine?
What was the Dutch name for the Rhine previously spelled?
How is the length of the Rhine usually measured?
When was the Rheinkilometer introduced?
Where is the starting point of the Rheinkilometer?
Where does the Rheinkilometer end?
WhyWhy is the length of the Rhine shortened?
How is the length of the Rhine usually measured?
When was the Rheinkilometer introduced?
Where is the starting point of the Rheinkilometer?
WhyWhy is the length of the Rhine shortened?
Where does the Rheinkilometer end?
Which direction does the river make a distinctive turn to near Chur?
How long is the section where the Rhine turns to the north?
What is the name of the valley through which the Alpine Rhine flows?
A natural dam near what town prevents the Rhine from flowing into the Seeztal valley?
Which country does the Alpine Rhine later form the border with to the East?
Near which town does the Rhine make a distinctive turn to the north?
How long is the section where the Rhine turns to the north?
How high does the Alpine Rhine descend?
What is the name of the valley through which the Alpine Rhine flows?
The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Liechtenstein to the west and which country to the east?
The mouth of the Rhine flows into which body of water?
What is the western delimited part of the delta?
What delimits the delta in the East?
What is the local Alemannic dialect pronunciation of the singular Rhine?
What does Esel mean in English?
The mouth of the Rhine flows into which body of water?
What delimits the delta in the East?
What is the western delimited part of the delta?
What did the natural Rhine originally form?
What is the local Alemannic dialect pronunciation of the singular Rhine?
Where is the upper canal located?
Where is the lower canal for the Rhine located?
What was the purpose of the canal at Fußach?
Where does the Dornbirner Ach flow?
Continued input of sediment into the lake will cause what to build up in the lake?
Where is the lower canal for the Rhine located?
What was the purpose of the canal at Fußach and the upper canal near Diepoldsau?
Where is the upper canal located?
Which river had to be diverted?
What is expected to silt up the lake?
How many bodies of water does Lake Constance consist of?
What is the meaning of the word Untersee?
What is the connecting stretch of the Rhine called?
Where does the Rhine flow into Lake Constance from the south?
What does the term Obersee mean?
How many bodies of water does Lake Constance consist of?
In which country is Lake Constance located?
Near what mountain range is Lake Constance located?
Where is Lake Constance located?
What is the name of the German state that borders Lake Constance?
Why does the Rhine water fall into the depths at the Rheinbrech?
Where is a small fraction of the flow diverted off the island of Mainau?
Where does the Rhine water fall into the depths?
How long is the Rhine water visible along the entire length of the lake?
Where does the flow of the Rhine water come back to the surface?
Where does the Rhine water fall into the depths?
Where does the flow of the Rhine water come back to the surface?
Where is a small fraction of the flow diverted off the island of Mainau?
What is another name for the Rheinrinne?
What determines whether the flow of the Rhine water is visible along the entire length of the lake?
In which direction does the Rhine flow?
What is the major tributary of the Rhine?
What is the average discharge of the Aare?
Where is the highest point in the Rhine basin?
Where does the Rhine turn north?
In which direction does the Rhine flow?
Which river is the major tributary of the Rhine?
What is the average discharge of the Aare?
Where is the highest point in the Rhine basin?
Which country does the Rhine roughly form the border from Lake Constance to the Swiss border?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
Where does the direction of the Rhine change from West to North?
Where is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
How long is the Upper Rhine Plain?
How wide is the Upper Rhine Plain?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
Where does the direction of the Rhine change from West to North?
Where does the direction of the Rhine end?
Where does the Rhine knee end?
Where is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
When was the Rhine straightening program?
What happened to the rate of flow?
What happened to the ground water level?
What was dug on the French side of the Rhine?
What is the Bassin de compensation de Plobsheim?
Which region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century?
When was the Rhine straightening program?
What happened to the rate of flow?
What happened to the ground water level?
What was dug on the French side of the Rhine?
Where is the Rhine located?
What is the average discharge of the Moselle?
What is the longest river in Germany?
What river flows through Northeastern France to the Rhine?
What is the average width of the Rhine?
Where is the Rhine located?
Where is the Rhine located?
What river flows through Northeastern France to the Rhine?
What country drains to the Rhine via the Moselle?
What is the average annual discharge of the Rhine as it approaches the Dutch border?
Which river flows between Bingen and Bonn?
What formation was created by erosion?
How was the Rhine Gorge formed?
What is the name of the Rhine Gorge?
Which river flows between Bingen and Bonn?
What formation was created by erosion?
The gorge is also known for vineyards and what else?
What is the name of the Rhine Gorge?
What can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland?
Which city is home to Europe's largest inland port?
Which river provides the region with drinking water?
What does the Ruhr provide the region with?
Up to where can many plants and factories be found along the Rhine?
What was industry a major source of water before the early 1980s?
Where are the bulk of industries located?
Up to where can many plants and factories be found along the Rhine?
Which city is home to Europe's largest inland port?
Which river provides the region with drinking water?
Along with viniculture, what is the dominant economic sector in the Middle Rhine area?
Where is the Rhine Gorge between Koblenz and where?
What famous rock does the Rhine flow around near Sankt Goarshausen?
What is the epitome of Rhine romanticism?
Along with viniculture, what is the dominant economic sector in the Middle Rhine area?
What is the Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz listed as
Where is the Rhine Gorge between Koblenz and where?
What famous rock does the Rhine flow around near Sankt Goarshausen?
Where does the Rhine flow around the rock Lorelei?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the name of the second east-west shipping route?
The Wesel-Datteln Canal runs parallel to which river?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
Which river flows through North Rhine-Westphalia?
What is the largest conurbation in Germany?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
What river does the Merwede merge with?
What Dutch name no longer coincides with the main flow of water?
How much of the Rhine flows west?
In which direction does the Rhine flow?
Where does two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flow through?
What river does the Merwede merge with?
Which river branches off near Dordrecht?
Where does the other third of the Rhine flow through?
Which river changes its name and becomes the Lek?
What does the Nederrijn change its name to at Wijk bij Duurstede?
Which river does the Nederrijn rejoin?
Where does the other third of the Rhine flow through?
Which river changes its name and becomes the Lek?
How much of the Rhine flows through the IJssel branch?
What does the Nederrijn change its name to at Wijk bij Duurstede?
Where does the Nederrijn change its name?
What name was given to the smaller streams to the north of the Rhine in Roman times?
What are the smaller streams used for now that they no longer carry water from the Rhine?
What is the name of the old north branch of the Rhine?
What does Kromme Rijn mean?
What does Oude Rijn mean?
Which river delta is the most important natural region of the Netherlands?
Where does the Rhine-Meuse Delta begin?
What is the shorter term for the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
What does the Rhine change its name to after splitting?
How many main flows does the Rhine delta have?
What does the largest and southern main branch begin as?
What does Oude Maas mean?
What does Het Scheur mean?
Before what flood did the Meuse flow just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas?
When did the St. Elizabeth's flood occur?
Where did the Meuse flow before St. Elizabeth's flood?
Between what years did the Meuse and Waal merge to form Merwede?
Before the St. Elizabeth's flood, what did the Meuse and Waal form?
Many rivers have been closed and now serve as what for the numerous polders?
What fundamentally changed the Delta in the second half of the 20th Century?
Many rivers in the delta have been closed by what?
When did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta fundamentally?
What shape is the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
What shape the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
What could strong tidal currents do?
Between Brakel and what town can the most landward tidal influence be detected?
Where is the Mediterranean Sea descended from?
In what period did the tectonic plates reverse direction and begin to compress the Tethys floor?
Iberia pushed up the Pyrenees; Italy, the Alps, and Anatolia; Greece moved west; and the mountains of Greece and the islands moved east forming what?
In what era was the Triassic period?
What microplate moved up the Pyrenees?
What direction did the ongoing Alpine orogeny cause a rift system to develop?
What is considered the first Rhine river?
When did the first Rhine river develop?
The watersheds of the Rhone and which other river drained the northern flanks of the Alps?
How did the Rhine extend its watershed southward?
When did the Rhine capture the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar?
By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to where?
What geological period began 2.5 million years ago?
How many Ice Ages have occured?
How much did the sea level drop during the Ice Ages?
In which direction did the Rhine travel during the Early Pleistocene?
Where was the mouth of the Rhine located during glacial times?
What does the year 74,000 mean?
When did the Pleistocene end?
In which direction did the lower Rhine flow through the Netherlands?
How much lower was the sea level during the last glacial period than it is today?
Where was the lower Rhine during the last glacial period?
What was the source of the Rhine's current course?
What was the area between the ice sheets in the Last Glacial Maximum?
When was the Last Glacial Maximum?
What covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps?
What is the term for wind-blown dust?
When did northwest Europe begin to warm up?
What happened to the glaciers in northwest Europe as the region warmed?
Where was most of the discharge from the melting glaciers routed to?
When did the rapid warming and changes of vegetation, to open forest, begin?
ByWhen was Europe fully forested?
Since when has a similar situation with tides and currents existed?
What dropped so far that natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes could compensate the transgression by the sea?
In what time period was the coast line roughly the same as it is today?
What is the cause of the sea level rise in the southern North Sea?
What is the rate of sea level rise in the southern North Sea?
When did the Holocene begin?
When did the formation of the Rhine-Meuse delta begin?
Where was the Rhine at the start of the Holocene?
Where did sea level rise during the Holocene?
Since when has human impact been seen in the delta?
What did the increase in sediment cause?
What has increased in the Rhine delta?
When did embankment, of the major distributaries and damming of minor distributaries take place?
About how many avulsions have occured over the past 6000 years?
Where do the Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to?
What estuary did the Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge through before reaching the North Sea?
Where does the river IJssel branch end?
What is the IJsselmeer now?
How many branches does the Rhine have?
When did the Rhine enter the historical period?
The Rhine formed the boundary between Gaul and what area in Roman geography?
When was the Upper Rhine part of the late Hallstatt culture?
Who wrote that the Rhine formed the boundary between Gallia and Germania?
When did Augustus die?
What river was the Germanic frontier between the Rhine and the Danube?
Until what event did the northern section of the Germanic frontier remain the Roman boundary?
In which direction did Roman subjects from Alsace-Lorraine drift across the river?
What part of the Germanic frontier was different from the northern part?
How many legions did the Romans keep along the Rhine?
For what army were the legions assigned between AD 14 and 180?
Where were the two legions assigned to for the army of Germania Inferior?
Along with a state, what other factor determined the number of legions in a base?
What does oppidum Ubiorum mean?
When did the kingdoms of Francia, Burgundy, and Alemannia form?
What did the Germans establish on the Lower Rhine?
What does Siebengebirge mean?
Who is the hero of the Nibelungenlied?
Who threw Kriemhild's golden treasure into the Rhine?
When was the Rhine within the borders of Francia?
When was the Rhine fully within the Holy Roman Empire?
In the 10th century, the Rhine was within the Holy Roman Empire where?
Who sold Alsace to Burgundy in 1469?
When did Archduke Sigismund sell Alsace to Burgundy?
The Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany since which treaty?
What was a long term goal of French foreign policy?
Who established the Confederation of the Rhine?
When was the Confederation of the Rhine established?
In what year did the Rhine crisis occur?
When was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles?
Until what year was the Rhineland to be occupied by allies?
Who was forbidden to enter the demilitarised zone?
The Treaty of Versailles is often credited with helping what in Germany?
When did the German army reoccupy the Rhineland?
Where was the Rhine bridge located during Operation Market Garden?
How did the Allies view the Rhine in World War II?
When did Operation Market Garden fail?
What famous bridge crossed the Rhine at Remagen?
What was the Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the cold war?
What was the generally accepted length of the Rhine until 1932?
Which German encyclopedia made a typographical error in 1932 about the length of the Rhine?
Why was the length of the Rhine reported as 1,320 kilometres before 1932?
What was the incorrect length of the Rhine in 1932?
When was the error discovered in the measurement of the Rhine?
When did the Scottish electorate vote for devolution?
What is the name of the legislation that established Scotland's parliament?
What does the Scotland Act 1998 delineate the legislative competence of the Parliament?
To whom are powers reserved in the Scotland Act 1998?
The Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate in areas that are not reserved to which Parliament?
What was an important part of Scotland's national identity?
For how many years was Scotland directly governed by the Parliament of Great Britain?
What event led to the shelving of proposals for a devolved Parliament?
When did a rise in nationalism in Scotland occur?
What did Kilbrandon recommend for Scotland?
In which sea was oil discovered?
What was the slogan of the Scottish National Party?
When did Wilson commit to some form of devolved government?
What did the SNP claim about the revenues from oil?
When were final legislative proposals for a Scottish Assembly passed?
Where would an elected assembly be set up in Scotland?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate must support an elected assembly?
What percentage of the vote was in favor of a Scottish Assembly in 1979?
What happened to the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly?
What percentage of the eligible voting population did not vote?
What did the people of Scotland want in the 1980s and 1990s?
Which political party controlled the UK government in the 1980s and 1990s?
When was the Scottish Constitutional Convention held?
What did the Scottish Constitutional Convention publish in 1995?
Where is the official home of the Scottish Parliament?
Who designed the Scottish Parliament Building?
What nationality is architect Enric Miralles?
What shape are some of the principal features of the Scottish Parliament Building?
Who opened the new Scottish Parliament Building in October 2004?
What was the Assembly Hall used for twice?
Where was the Parliament's temporary home?
Where were official photographs and television interviews held?
Where was the Parliament relocated in May 2002?
Where was the Parliament temporarily located in May 2000?
Who did the Parliament rent buildings from?
What was the former administrative building used for the MSP's offices?
What happened to the building after the Parliament moved to Holyrood?
Where are the Midlothian County Buildings located?
Which hall was the Parliament's principal committee room?
How many MSPs are elected to serve as Presiding Officer?
Who is the current speaker of the Scottish Parliament?
How are the Presiding Officer and deputies elected?
How many MSPs are there in the Scottish Parliament?
Who operates the electronic voting equipment in the Scottish Parliament?
Who represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad in official capacity?
Which body is responsible for setting the agenda for the chamber?
How many seats does each political party have in Parliament?
Who represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad in official capacity?
What is the seating arrangement in the Scottish Parliament called?
What is the purpose of the seating arrangement in the Scottish Parliament?
How many seats are in the debating chamber?
How many seats are reserved for Scottish Law Officers?
What can Law Officers not do in plenary meetings?
Where is gold in the mace sourced from?
What metal is the parliamentary mace made from?
Who presented the mace to the Scottish Parliament?
What words are inscribed on the mace?
Where is the mace displayed in the Scottish Parliament?
In which month does parliament take a two-week recess?
Where are plenary meetings held?
Who are chamber debates and committee meetings open to?
How much does it cost to enter the debating chamber?
What is the name of the publication of the transcript of parliamentary debates?
On what day of the week is Time for Reflection?
How long does the speaker speak for?
Who decides who is invited to address Parliament on Wednesdays?
Speakers are chosen to represent the balance of what?
Faith groups can make direct representations to the Presiding Officer to do what?
Who decides who speaks in chamber debates?
Along with who speaks in debates, what else does the Deputy Presiding Officer decide?
What does the Presiding Officer try to maintain balance between when selecting members to speak?
Who typically opens debates?
In which language does the Scottish Parliament conduct debates?
When is Decision Time?
What is heralded by the sounding of the division bell?
What do MSPs who are not present at Decision Time have to do?
How do members of the house vote when there is a division?
How long does it take for the outcome of each division to be known?
Political parties usually instruct members which way to vote?
Who instructs members which way to vote?
What are MSPs known as that are responsible for ensuring party members vote according to the party line?
On what type of issues are "free votes" usually used?
What can happen to errant members?
When is a Members Debate held?
A motion may be proposed by an MSP who is what?
How long does a Members Debate last?
In addition to the proposer and main speaker, who participates in a Members Debate?
What does the relevant minister do during a Members Debate?
Where is most of the work of the Scottish Parliament done?
Is the power of committees in Scotland weaker or stronger than other parliment systems?
What is one reason committees exist in Scotland?
What is the main role of committees in Scotland?
Where can committees meet?
How many MSPs make up the committees?
What does membership of committees reflect?
What sets different committees apart is their?
What type of committees are set down by the Scottish Parliament?
In which session are the current Mandatory Committees seated?
When are subject committees established?
How many departments does each subject committee correspond with?
What are the subject committees in the fourth session?
In which parliamentary session are the current Subject Committees established?
What type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party?
What type of private bills typically relate to?
Outside of the Scottish Parliament, who else can a private party or promoter submit private bills to?
What type of committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network?
What governs the functions and role of the Scottish Parliament?
Who gave assent to the Scotland Act 1998?
The Scotland Act 2012 extends what?
For the purposes of parliamentary sovereignty, who is the supreme legislature of Scotland?
Who has limited tax-varying capability?
Where are reserved matters found in the Scotland Act?
Who is given the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by 3 pence in the pound?
What happens to matters that are not specifically reserved?
How much can income tax be changed by the Scottish Parliament?
Which Act gave the Scottish Parliament the power to control air guns?
Abortion, broadcasting policy, and civil service are examples of what type of matters that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament?
What is the name of the legislative body that handles reserved matters?
Where are reserved matters handled by the UK Government?
Who handles reserved matters for Westminster?
What can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways?
Who can introduce new laws as a bill?
A member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as what?
A private bill can be submitted to Parliament by whom?
How long does it take for a bill to pass through Parliament?
What term is used to describe the first stage of a bill?
What is included in Stage 1 of a bill?
What determination is made during Stage 1 of a bill?
Where does Stage 1 of a bill typically begin?
If Parliament approves of the general principles of the bill after Stage 1, then which stage will it proceed to?
What is the final stage of a bill?
How many parts does Stage 3 contain?
What is the final stage of a bill considered by Parliament?
Opposition members can table what type of amendments to the bill?
At what point do members of Parliament vote on whether they agree with the general principles of the final bill?
To whom does the Presiding officer submit a bill to for royal assent?
What is the final step in the approval of a bill?
How long does it take for the monarch to assend a bill?
Where can a bill be referred for a ruling?
On what date does the Scottish Parliament begin its formal enacting procedures?
What party is responsible for forming the Scottish Government?
Who can put their name forward to be First Minister?
Who is the leader of the largest party in Scotland elected as?
Where are most junior ministers in Scotland chosen from?
Who makes the formal appointment or dismissal of a minister?
On what day are ordinary general elections for the Scottish Parliament held?
In what month is the first Thursday of every four years?
Who can change the date of an ordinary general election by up to one month?
If an Extraordinary General Election is held less than six months before the due date of an ordinary general election, what happens to that election?
How many days must the Parliament nominate a new First Minister within to avoid an extraordinary general election?
How can the Scottish Parliament scrutinize the Government?
Who is invited to question the First Minister after a statement?
What does the First Minister set out in his statement to the chamber at the beginning of each parliamentary year?
On what do MSPs question the First Minister after the statement?
What time is set aside for question periods in the debating chamber?
On which day of the week does General Question Time take place?
Who can ask questions during General Question Time?
What are the topics covered during First Minister's Question Time?
How many general questions are there?
How many constituency MSPs are there in Scotland?
When did the reduction in the number of Scottish MP occur?
How many members does each constituency get?
Why does Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles have a smaller number of electors than other constituencies?
What is the average amount of electors in a Scottish Parliament constituency?
How are the seats allocated?
What method is used to distribute seats in Parliament?
What is the highest number that a party can get to be awarded a seat?
At this point, how many seats are still available?
How are all available list seats eventually allocated?
What does the Disqualification Act 1975 and the British Nationality Act 1981 cover?
When was the British Nationality Act passed?
What is the age limit on MSPs?
Members of what two groups are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament?
Under what law can an individual be judged to be insane and thus disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament?
The election result of the election marked the first time in the Scottish Parliament where a party has commanded a parliamentary majority?
Which party did the SNP take 16 seats from?
How many votes did Gray get in East Lothian?
How many seats did the SNP take from the Liberal Democrats?
What referendum will be held if the SNP gains a majority in parliament?
Which party lost Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP?
Which seat did the Conservatives lose to the SNP?
How many seats did the Conservatives lose?
Who was the leader of the Conservatives at this time?
Who said he would campaign for the union in the independence referendum?
What is the West Lothian question?
Westminster MPs are not allowed to vote on what?
What is the name given to the rule where Westminster MPs are prevented from voting on domestic legislation in Scotland?
Which political party won the 2015 UK election?
After the 2015 UK election, standing orders were changed to give MPs representing which constituency a new veto over laws affecting them?
What is another name for Political Islam?
Where are Islamic values implemented?
What does Islamism favor?
What are the different Islamist movements described as oscillating between?
What is one way to Islamize society?
What political process do moderate and reformist Islamists work within?
Where is Hamas located?
What do they want to do?
What do al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad reject?
On what basis do some Islamist groups call for violent attacks?
What is the divide between the Muslim Brotherhood and the Salafis?
What did Olivier Roy argue underwent a remarkable shift in the second half of the 20th century?
What did the Salafi movement focus on?
What is Islamism increasingly interdependent with?
Why do Islamists need democratic elections?
What kind of role does Islamism have?
What does Islamism posit a political role for?
Who believe their views reflect those of Islam?
What does Hayri Abaza believe the failure to distinguish between Islam and Islamism leads many in the West to support?
What do progressive moderates want to separate?
What are those who want to live by the principles of Islam called?
Who created the idea of political Islam?
What does a writer for the International Crisis Group think of apolitical Islam?
When was the heyday of secular Arab nationalism?
What type of Islam is quietist?
What did Western governments view Islamist groups as?
When did Western governments support groups that later came to be seen as dangerous?
Veterans of the Afghan War had what after returning home?
Who did the US spend billions of dollars to aid?
Islamists were seen as a bulwark against what groups?
Veterans of the Afghan War had what after returning home?
Who was president of Egypt in 1975?
What did Sadat achieve with Israel?
What did Sadat get in return for releasing Islamists from prison?
When did the agreement between Sadat and Islamists break down?
How was Anwar Sadat killed?
What does it mean to say that democracy is responsible for all wars in the 20th century?
What did Salafism want Muslims to do to infidels for their religion?
What did Wahhabism claim democracy was responsible for in the 20th century?
What did Wahhabism consider Shia to be in its harshest form?
What country is the source of funding for Wahhabism?
What type of movement is the Muslim Brotherhood?
What type of government does the Muslim Brotherhood compare favorably to?
What type of assistance does the Muslim Brotherhood provide to students from out of town?
Governments whose commitment to social justice is limited to what?
What is the point of inexpensive mass marriage ceremonies?
What did Iqbal study?
What London branch of the Muslim League did Iqbal join?
What did Iqbal criticize?
When did Iqbal return to Lahore?
What was the title of the book published by Oxford University Press in 1934?
What did Iqbal believe would weaken the Muslim faith?
What did Iqbal fear would happen to the Muslim heritage in India?
What did Iqbal call for the shedding of?
In what year was Sir Muhammad Iqbal elected president of the Muslim League?
What movement was inspired by the Allahabad Address?
Who founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party?
What profession did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi choose?
When was the Jamaat-e-Islami party founded?
How did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi have an impact?
How did Maududi's works place Islam?
Who founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party?
What profession did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi choose?
How did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi have an impact?
How did Maududi's works place Islam?
Maududi believed that Muslim society could not be Islamic without what?
What did Maududi believe was required for Islam to be Islamic?
What does tawhid mean?
How did Maududi describe the Islamic Revolution?
How did Maududi want to change hearts and minds of lower classes?
When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Where was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Who founded the Muslim Brotherhood?
What is the Muslim Brotherhood's constitution?
What type of influence did Al Banna want to eliminate from the Muslim world?
What did some members of the Muslim Brotherhood engage in against the Egyptian government?
When was Al-Banna assassinated?
Who was assassinated three months before Al-Banna?
When was the Muslim Brotherhood first banned in Egypt?
Who was president of Egypt in 1948?
What has the Muslim Brotherhood become in the Islamic world?
What percentage of seats did Islamist parties win in Egypt parliamentary election 2011-2012?
What was the legal status of the Muslim Brotherhood for many years?
What was the only opposition group in Egypt able to do?
Who was the first democratically elected president of Egypt?
How did Israeli troops defeat Arab troops?
How did the Six-Day War impact the Muslim world?
What type of stagnation resulted from the defeat?
What happened to the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics?
Maududi and Sayyid Qutb inspired what?
What type of father was Mohammad Iqbal?
Who was the Iranian Revolution ideologue?
Where does Khomeini's beliefs fall on the scale of Sunni Islam?
Who did Khomeini believe should be imitated for the restoration of Sharia law?
What did Khomeini believe was going on against Islam?
What religion is Iran?
What does it mean to be an Iranian terrorist?
What type of US sanctions have crippled Iran?
When did the Iranian government experience a resurgence in popularity among Sunni Arab street?
Who called for Israel to vanish?
Who sent its 40th Army into Afghanistan in 1979?
What was the Soviet Union trying to stop?
What did the Afghan Civil War inspire Muslims around the world to do?
How effective were the Afghan Arabs?
How many volunteers came from around the world to fight in Afghanistan?
What did the Gulf War do to the Muslim world?
Who was the enemy of Saudi Arabia before the Gulf War?
What movement did the Gulf War work to radicalize?
Where did the western troops protect the Saudi monarchy?
Who did the Muslim Brotherhood accuse Saudi Arabia of being a puppet of?
Who did the 9/11 attacks resonate with?
Who attacked Saudi Arabia?
Where are American troops stationed?
Where was there a civil war?
Who was responsible for the 9/11 attacks?
Whose ideas became increasingly radical during his imprisonment?
When was Qutb executed?
What group renounced violence in the 1970s?
What movements were inspired by Qutb's final writings?
When did the Muslim Brotherhood renounce violence?
Who assassinated Anwar Sadat?
When was Anwar Sadat assassinated?
What term did Egyptian Islamic Jihad use to describe leaders of Muslim states?
What did it introduce?
Who wrote the pamphlet outlining the views of Egyptian Islamic Jihad?
What did al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya employ in their struggle for Islamic Order?
What Egyptian group employed violence in its struggle for Islamic Order?
When did Jamaa Islamiya renounce violence?
What was the result of al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya's coup attempt?
Who have Islamic Liberation Party attempted to assassinate?
How did the Muslim Brotherhood behave towards Israel?
What group was formed as the First Intifada gained momentum?
What did the 1988 Hamas charter call for?
What drink did the Muslim Brotherhood disapprove of the secular middle class drinking?
Where was the Muslim Brotherhood based?
Who drove the PLO out of Gaza?
How many people did Hamas kill from 2000 to 2007?
What did Hamas win in the 2006 legislative election?
When did Hamas drive the PLO out of Gaza?
What does it do that Muslims praise?
What type of regime did Hassan al-Turabi lead?
Who was the leader of the Islamist regime in Sudan?
What group was led by Hassan al-Turabi?
What did Turabi use to build his economic base?
Where did Turabi recruit loyalists?
When was al-Nimeiry overthrown?
How did the NIF overthrow the government in 1989?
What did Turabi apply?
Who did the NIF harbor?
What did the NIF work to unify against?
What did women do in response to the economic changes of the FIS?
When was the FIS founded?
Where was the FIS based?
What is another name for the Islamic Salvation Front?
What stopped the FIS from winning the 1991 national elections?
WhatDid the Soviet defeat of the mujahideen lead to?
How did the civil war between warlords play a role?
When did the Islamic State of Afghanistan form?
What was Afghanistan considered after the 1980s civil war?
How much of Afghanistan did the Taliban control in 1996?
What group was spawned by the Deobandi movement?
In what country did the Deobandi movement operate?
What is another term for Islamic fundamentalism?
What ideology did the Taliban follow?
Who was a notable guest of the Taliban?
When did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrow Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto?
What did Bhutto ban before he was overthrown?
What became Zia-ul-Haq's official state ideology?
What did Zia-ul-Haq use Islamization to legitimize?
When did Zia-ul-Haq die?
What type of Islam is the Islamic State?
What is the religious affiliation of the Islamic State?
As of March 2015, how many people lived in territory controlled by the Islamic State?
What does the Islamic State lack internationally?
What did the Islamic State declare itself in 2014?
When did Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad pledge allegiance to al-Qaeda?
When did the Iraqi insurgency begin?
Why was Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad expelled from al-Qaeda?
When did the Syrian Civil War begin?
What designation has ISIL been given by the United Nations?
How does it view the history of Islam?
When does HT believe the turning point of Islam occurred?
When was the Ottoman Caliphate abolished?
What does it believe ended with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate?
What does it believe happened to the Islamic system when the Ottoman Caliphate ended?
What type of jihad does HT not engage in?
How does HT try to gain power?
Who will facilitate a "bloodless" coup?
In what country was HT banned in 1974?
Many HT members have gone on to join what?
How many Muslims live in Greater London?
What type of outlook do some Muslims in Greater London have?
In what year was Channel 4's Undercover Mosque aired?
The presence of Muslims and the perception that Britain allows them free rein has given rise to what term?
What was Abu Hamza al-Masri charged with after 9/11?
How long has the US been trying to counter Islamism?
What department is in charge of diplomacy in the US?
Who was an official in the George W. Bush administration?
What was Robert Gates' job title?
What was the U.S. Information Agency charged with doing during the Cold War?
What language does the term "imperium" originate from?
Along with colonization and the use of other means, by what means does imperialism occur?
Along with Western imperialism, what other country has been referred to as imperialism?
What has imperialism allowed the rapid spread of?
Along with military force, what is another term for imperialism?
What is defined as physical control or full-fledged colonial rule?
What is the term for imperialism that is based on racial, religious, or cultural stereotypes?
Informal imperialism is less what?
What is the term used to differentiate between formal and informal imperialism?
What is the term used to differentiate between formal and informal imperialism?
What was the general purpose of imperialism?
What is one way informal rule spreads control over an area?
Technological superiority results in which type of rule?
How does it compare to empires?
What caused the world to be divided by how developed and developing nations are portrayed?
Who said imperialism was the highest form capitalism?
What does Geopolitics now focus on states becoming major economic players in the market?
MostBooks on imperialism tend to focus on what type of empires?
What is another term that imperialism is sometimes confused with?
What does colonialism lack?
Along with financial reasons, why was imperialism developed?
Along with the Russian, what is an example of a land empire that is excluded from discussions of colonialism?
What has imperialism and colonialism been used to describe one's superiority, domination and influence upon?
What dictate the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control?
What does colonialism refer to?
How does imperialism create an empire?
What is the core meaning of Colonialism?
What are inherited by conquered indigenous populations?
What is a controversial aspect of imperialism?
What did Friedrich Ratzel believe was necessary in order for a state to survive?
What does Hobson believe should be the criteria for selecting colonizers?
What theory was used as a rational justification for imperialism?
What is still prized today in Latin America?
Where was Friedrich Ratzel from?
Where was Halford Mackinder from?
What type of geographer was Friedrich Ratzel?
The Royal Geographical Society of London and other what had great influence?
What did the Royal Geographical Society of London do with travelers who came back with tales of their discoveries?
What theory suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance?
In what zone did Ellen Churchill Semple believe humans could become fully human?
What is Edward Said's work?
Environmental determinism suggested that tropical environments created what type of people?
According to Siad, orientalism allowed Europe to establish itself as what?
What term did British imperialism often use?
When did the British colonize Australia?
The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of what?
What inhabitants of Australia considered terra nullius unused?
What does Terra nullius mean?
What does Orientalism refer to how the West developed of the East?
Early European studies of the Orient positioned the East as what?
How did the West view the East?
What refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East?
What type of West did European studies of the Orient place the East in contrast to?
What did Bassett focus on the role of during the scramble for Africa?
What did imperial and colonial powers use information to fill?
What does blank space denote?
What does Bassett focus on in his analysis of blank spaces?
Along with the British, what country's power was promoted by nineteenth-century maps?
When did the Aztec Empire and Incan Empire exist?
Who was a warlord during the Mongol Empire?
How many previously unrecognized Muslim empires exist in Sub-Saharan Africa?
What is an example of an Empire that predated the European colonial era in Sub-Saharan Africa?
The Oyo Empire is an example of an empire that predated the European colonial era in what continent?
What is it called when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles?
What is the term for a country's influence in social and cultural circles?
What American soap opera changed the expectations of Romanians?
What empire used the use of culture to influence its people?
How do authoritarian regimes deal with foreign popular culture?
When did the Age of Imperialism begin?
What did industrializing nations engage in the process of doing to other parts of the world?
How many years have imperialist practices existed?
When did the Age of Imperialism end?
What policy was implemented in China during the Age of Imperialism?
When was John Gallagher born?
When did Ronald Robinson die?
What is John Gallagher's profession?
What grew significantly and became more interconnected in the decades before World War I?
Who were rich and prosperous?
Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism was focused on what?
When did the colonization of India take place?
Where resources collected from?
The British exploited the political weakness of what state?
Along with advancements in military technology, what other area did Europe continue to advance in?
What did European chemists make that could be used in combat?
What weapon became an effective battlefield weapon by the 1880s?
What were armies in less developed countries using?
ChemChemists from what country created deadly explosives?
What are theories regarding imperialism often based on?
When was the term "imperialism" first used in English?
What does it mean to be an imperialist?
Lenin portrayed imperialism as an extension of capitalism that arose from the need for what?
AlongAlong with imperialism and capitalism, what is the correlation between capitalism and imperialism?
When did the rise of the military-political complex in the United States begin?
When were these non-Marxist writers at their most prolific?
How did Hobson characterize imperialism?
What did Hobson believe could boost broader consumption, create wealth and encourage a peaceful world order?
What served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples?
What was believed to determine a person's behaviours?
People living in tropical environments were seen as what?
Where was the last wave of European colonialism?
What are the two forms of environmental determinism?
Who said the world could be split into climatic zones?
Which two climates were thought to produce virtuous, hard-working, and upstanding human beings?
What were the people of the tropical climates thought to need from the European empires?
What is a view of a people based on their geographical location?
Under what activity did scholars believe the world could be divided into climatic zones?
When did Britain begin to have imperialist ambitions?
When was the British East India Company established?
Who chartered the British East India Company?
Political activity in 1767 caused what in the East India Company?
What other empire had already established trading posts in India?
When did France take control of Algeria?
When did France begin to rebuild its worldwide empire?
What religion did the German Empire promote?
In what continent did France build its empire after 1850?
When did Republicans become supportive of the French empire?
What did Jules Ferry declare France had a duty to do?
What was always on the distant horizon for French colonization?
How did Britain send to its colonies?
What did France bring to the world as a moral justification to lift it up?
What is the only colony where French settlers remain a small minority?
Where did the Free French fight from?
What began to challenge the Empire after 1945?
Where did France fight and lose a bitter war in the 1950s?
Where did France win the war in Vietnam?
By what year had nearly all of France's colonies gained independence?
Where did the Germanic tribes originate from?
By 1000 CE, what area was left un conquered by the Germans?
When did Germanic tribes expand throughout northern and western Europe?
When did the Holy Roman Empire form?
Where did "Germany" refer to an amorphous area?
When did Germany begin to participate in Western imperialism?
When did Otto von Bismarck become Chancellor?
When did Prussia unite the other states into the second German Empire?
Who caused the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire?
What was Otto von Bismarck's central interest?
Along with Africa, where did Germany build a colonial empire in 1883-84?
What was the driving force behind German public demand for colonies?
When did the German colonial empire begin?
What was the first colony in the German colonial empire?
Who influenced Bismarck?
What island did Japan take from Russia?
When did the First Sino-Japanese War take place?
What country did Japan force into an alliance with Thailand?
What territory did Japan take from China in 1931?
The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of what country supported post-World War II communist movements?
When did the policy of "Indigenization" stop being implemented?
Who asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities within new territory?
Where did the Soviet Union install socialist regimes after World War II?
Who reestablished a polity with roughly the same extent as the old Tsarist Empire by 1921?
Tky believed the revolution in Russia could succeed as part of what?
Who wrote extensively on imperialism?
Who argued that the Soviet Union had become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade?
Who was the new leader of the Soviet Union in 1960?
What did Joseph Stalin establish after Lenin's death?
What was the basis of the First British Empire?
WhenDid Britain lose the American colonies?
What policy gave Britain dominance in the trade of much of the world?
WhenDid Britain begin to build an informal economic empire in Latin America?
When did Britain defeat Napoleonic France?
What was the largest Empire that the world has ever seen in terms of landmass and population?
What was the underpinning of Social Darwinism?
What was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury?
Along with Asia, where did the Scramble for Africa add to the British Empire?
What was one policy that the US used to express its opposition to imperialism?
What was Theodore Roosevelt's policy in Central America?
What happened in the Philippines one year after the creation of the Anti-Imperialist League?
What country did the Anti-Imperialist League oppose the US annexing?
How did Smedley Butler characterize American foreign policy?
Who was one key figure in the plans for what would come to be known as American Empire?
In what year was Isiah Bowman appointed to inquire into the American Empire?
Who was involved in the presidential inquiry?
What was the premise of President Wilson's inquiry?
What was Isiah Bowman known as?
What do some people describe as a form of imperialism?
What is the internal form of US imperialism referred to as?
How many Africans were sold?
Who did Edward Said say the US uses aggressive means of attack towards?
When did the Ottoman Empire end?
Under whose reign did the Ottoman empire control much of Southeast Europe?
How many provinces did the Ottoman empire control at the start of the 17th century?
The Ottoman empire controlled much of Southeast Asia and what continent?
When was the Ottoman Empire at its strongest?
What was the capital of the Ottoman empire?
What country did the Ottoman empire ally with in the early 20th century?
What event caused the end of the Ottoman Empire?
What state formed in the heartland of the Ottoman empire after World War I?
What is the name of the main Protestant Methodist denomination?
What type of denomination is the United Methodist Church?
When was the United Methodist Church founded?
What was the UMC formed from?
What is the theological orientation of the UMC?
What is the largest denomination within the Methodist movement?
How many members does the Methodist movement have worldwide?
What type of denomination is the UMC?
What percentage of the US population identified with the Methodist church in 2015?
When did the Methodist movement begin?
Where did the Methodist movement begin?
What did they do that made others mock them?
When did John and Charles Wesley go to America?
Where did John and Charles Wesley go to teach the gospel?
Who did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to?
What do they believe is the foundation of Christianity?
What event separated the Methodists in the American colonies from the Anglican Church?
When was the Baltimore Christmas Conference?
Who did John Wesley appoint as Superintendent of the Methodist Society?
Where was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
Where was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
What is the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the United States?
What is the oldest Methodist church in continuous use in the United States?
When was St. George's United Methodist Church founded?
Where was the first meeting place for the Methodist church?
When was the Methodist Episcopal Church founded?
Who were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
What church licensed the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
When were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
In what year did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church?
Why did the Methodist Protestant Church split in 1830?
In what year did the Methodist Episcopal Church split?
Why did the General Conference split in 1844?
When was the United Methodist Church created?
Where was the United Methodist Church created?
Who represented the Methodist Church when it was created?
What type of church does the United Methodist Church believe itself to be a part of?
What book recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed?
What does the concept of the visible and invisible Church mean?
Why did John Wesley break with tradition and ordain two lay preachers as presbyters?
Who was sent to America to take charge of Methodist activities there?
Who did John Wesley ordain as presbyters?
When was the United Methodist Church formed?
What are the names of the founding fathers of the Methodist church?
Who is the first United Methodist theologian?
Who is the first United Methodist theologian?
What is the grace that goes before us called?
What is the grace that goes before us called?
What is Prevenient grace?
What is the grace that goes before us called?
What is the grace offered by God to all people?
In which way are we received by God, in spite of our sins?
What is another name for justifying grace?
What is another name for justifying grace?
What did John Wesley call the conversion?
What does Sanctifying Grace mean?
What is the name of the grace of God which sustains believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection?
What does Sanctifying Grace mean?
What does Sanctifying Grace strive to bring about?
What is the name of the type of theology that crosses the line between evangelical and sacramental?
What is the doctrine that the UMC believes in?
What does it mean to be a Methodist?
What document defines United Methodist theology as being "catholic, evangelical, and reformed"?
In which year did the General Conference support the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice?
What does it stand for in terms of abortion?
What pro-choice group was the denomination a founding member of?
What two official bodies of the United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice?
Who does the United Methodist church emphasize the need to be supportive ministry with?
Who does the church hold sacred the life and well-being of?
What group have members of the United Methodist Church who support the pro-life position organized into?
In which year was there an attempt to withdraw the United Methodist Church membership in the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice?
Who is the president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality?
What movement has the Methodist Church supported historically?
In which years did the United Methodist Church's General Board of Church and Society call on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent?
What was the name of the sermon preached by John Wesley?
What does the United Methodist Church use in sacrament of Holy Communion?
What does the United Methodist Church condemn?
In which passage does the United Methodist Church believe Jesus abolished the death penalty?
In which passage does the United Methodist Church believe Jesus repudiated the lex talionis?
What part of the United Methodist Church calls for its bishops to uphold opposition to the death penalty?
What does the United Methodist Church prohibit?
In what year was Rev. Jimmy Creech defrocked?
In what year did a United Methodist bishop perform a same sex marriage in church?
What governing committee in the UMC has voted in favor of a proposal that would permit ministers to officiate same sex weddings?
What community within the UMC have many organizations recently called for broader acceptance of?
What have many conferences taken a position on?
In what year was minister Rose Mary Denman defrocked?
In what year were Irene Elizabeth Stroud's clergy credentials removed?
Which conference has approved the appointment of an openly partnered lesbian to the provisional diaconate?
What does the United Methodist Church oppose as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture?
What do Christians know is never righteous before God?
What type of war does the United Methodist Church oppose?
What does the United Methodist Church believe war is incompatible with?
What does the United Methodist Church reject war as?
What does the United Methodist Church endorses in regard to nuclear weapons?
What is the name of the group that says pornography is harmful and addictive?
What does the United Methodist Church say pornography is about?
Who do people who are addicted to pornography change their perceptions of?
What is the UMC's support for research on embryos created for?
What does the UMC support research on?
What does the UMC support federal funding for on embryos created for IVF?
What was the name of John Wesley's revised version of the Book of Common Prayer?
When did John Wesley revise the Book of Common Prayer?
What was the name of the book John Wesley revised?
In what country is exorcism occasionally performed by clergy members of the United Methodist Church?
What is the source of many of the United Methodist Church's liturgical services?
Along with the laying on of hands, what service does the United Methodist Church offer?
What may be named after a biblical figure?
What founding father of the Salvation Army is a noted Methodist saint?
Who was Methodism's founder?
What is the name of the denomination that is organized into conferences?
What is the name of the highest level of Methodist conferences?
What is the name of the book that records legislative changes in the Methodist Church?
What is the name of the highest level of Methodist conferences?
How often does the General Conference meet?
How many jurisdictions are in the United States?
How many conferences does the church have outside the United States?
What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences?
Who are the chief administrators of the church?
Where are bishops elected serve?
Who make decisions in between conferences?
Who criticized the decision?
How many acres did the Mission Council approve for the George W. Bush Presidential Library?
Why was the land at Southern Methodist University leased?
Where is the George W. Bush Presidential Library?
How many members does the Judicial Council have?
What is the highest court in the denomination?
How long is a term for a member of the Judicial Council?
How often does the Judicial Council meet?
Where does the Judicial Council meet?
What is the basic unit of organization within the UMC?
What does the term Annual Conference refer to?
Where are clergy members of the United Methodist Church?
What is the name of the guidebook for United Methodist churches?
At least how many members must United Methodist churches have on their board of trustees?
How many members must a board of trustees have?
What is the name of the annual meeting of all officers of the Methodist church?
What is the name of the annual meeting of all officers of the Methodist church?
How many colleges does the Methodist church affiliate with?
How many schools does the Methodist church operate overseas?
What association are most of the Methodist colleges and universities a part of?
Who ordained the first Methodist clergy?
What role do Methodist elders serve in local congregations?
What group are all members of in the Methodist Church?
Eachdeacon in full connection are each a member of what?
Who advises the bishop on clergy appointments?
How often is an appointment made in the LDS church?
Until when are appointments officially fixed?
Who are given the authority to preach the Word of God?
Where are Elders appointed to?
How long do provisional Elders serve?
WhatDoes it matter how many years an Elders serve?
How long do provisional deacons serve?
Who bury the dead?
Who bury the dead?
What happens if a deacon is appointed as a pastor in a local church?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
Who serves a two-three year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
What is the official title of a Local Pastor?
What is the official title of a Local Pastor?
How many years of study are approved at an approved United Methodist seminary?
What do retired clergy receive when they retire from the church?
What are those who have been baptized as an infant or child but have not subsequently professed their own faith?
How do Baptized Members become Professing Members?
How can an individual become a Professing Member of the UMC?
What is a sacrament in the UMC?
In what classes do students learn about Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition?
What book of the United Methodist Church directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people including adults?
What do students learn in confirmation classes?
What is another position in the United Methodist Church?
How are local church lay servants recognized?
How often do they reapply?
How often do they have to re-certify each year?
What is one tradition within the Christian Church?
What status does the United Methodist Church seek in the National Association of Evangelicals?
What do some members of the United Methodist Church worry might result from false ecumenism?
When was the Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed?
When did the United Methodist Church enter full communion with the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
WhenHas the United Methodist Church been exploring a merger with African Methodist Episcopal Church?
How many members were in the United Methodist Church at its inception?
How many congregations did the UMC have at its inception?
How many members were in the United Methodist Church in 2005?
How many congregations were there in 2005?
What state has the largest number of Methodist members?
What was the total membership of the UMC at the start of 2008?
How many members did the UMC have in the U.S.?
How many members were estimated to be overseas in 2008?
What group is the UMC a member of?
What interdenominational group does the UMC belong to?
On what date did the World Methodist Council vote to adopt the "Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification"?
When was the French and Indian War fought?
What colonies were involved in the French and Indian War?
What was the population of the French North American colonies at the start of the war?
How many people lived in the British North American colonies?
Where was the war fought?
What did the war begin over?
When did the dispute between France and the British begin?
When did the British capture Fort Beauséjour?
What happened to General Edward Braddock?
Why did the British operations in 1755, 1756 and 1757 fail?
What was the name of the fort that the British captured on the border separating Nova Scotia from Acadia?
What did the British do with the Acadians after capturing Fort Beauséjour?
Who took over after the fall of the British government?
WhyDid France send large convoys to aid the British in New France?
Where did France concentrate its forces?
Where were the British defeated?
What territory did France give to Britain?
What territory did France give to Britain?
What was the result of France ceding territory to Britain?
When was King George's War?
What does the name French and Indian War omit?
What was the Seven Years' War?
What are two less frequently used names for the Seven Years' War?
What were the official dates of the Seven Years' War?
How long did the Seven Years' War last on mainland North America?
When was Montreal captured?
What was the first battle of the Seven Years' War in North America?
What was the population of France in the St. Lawrence River valley?
Where did most of the French live?
Where did French trappers travel?
How much did British settlers outnumber French settlers?
Where on the eastern coast of the continent?
Where were the population centers located?
Who dominated large areas between the French and the British?
Which two tribes were engaged in Father Le Loutre's War?
The Iroquois Confederation dominated much of what?
Under what were the tribes under Iroquois rule?
Which three Siouan speaking tribes dominated the Southeast interior?
Where did the French recruit fighters from?
Who supported the British in the Anglo-Cherokee War?
How many French regular army troops were in North America at the start of the war?
How many British troops were in North America?
How did the British protect their colonies?
How far did the expedition cover?
How many people were in the French expedition?
Who did Céloron tell to leave the Ohio Country?
What did the Native Americans do when Céloron arrived at Logstown?
Near what village did "Old Briton" live?
How did Céloron threaten Old Briton?
What did Old Briton do?
What did Céloron say about the Natives?
What did each side of the Ohio Country want?
What did William Shirley state about British colonists?
When did the British government give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia?
Who did the British government give land to in 1749?
Who completed the Treaty of Logstown?
What was the name of the treaty that was signed in 1752?
Where was the Treaty of Logstown?
What is the North American theater of the War of the Austrian Succession known as?
What treaty ended King George's War?
What colonies in North America were turned over to a commission to resolve?
What areas of North America were claimed by both parties?
Who was the Governor-General of New France prior to Charles le Moyne de Longueuil?
How many men did Langlade have?
What was Langlade's objective?
What happened during the attack on Pickawillany?
Who was given command of a force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians?
Where did Marin build his first forts?
Where did Marin build a second fort?
What were Paul Marin de la Malgue's orders?
Who was the chief of the Mingo?
Who was William Johnson?
What was William Johnson known as by the Iroquois?
What commission did William Johnson receive in 1746?
Who was the speaker of the Iroquois tribal council?
What company was Dinwiddie an investor in?
Who did Dinwiddie order to warn the French to leave Virginia territory?
Who did Washington bring along with him to warn the French?
On what date did Washington reach Fort Le Boeuf?
Who succeeded Marin as commander of the French forces?
What letter did Washington give Saint-Pierre?
What did Saint-Pierre say about the demand to leave the Ohio Country?
WhyDid Saint-Pierre believe he was obligated to obey Washington's demand to leave Ohio?
How many men did Contrecur lead
When did they begin building a small stockaded fort?
What was the name of the small stockaded fort built by Contrecur's men?
How did the battle take place?
What did the Americans do to the Canadians?
Why did Tanaghrisson attack the Canadians?
What did the Duke of Newcastle hope to accomplish with his army?
How did the British get word of the invasion?
How did King Louis XV respond to the invasion of North America?
What was the intention of the British when they sent their fleet to North America?
What was the first important political response to the opening of hostilities?
What was the goal of the Albany Congress?
What happened to the Albany Congress plan?
What did the Albany Congress become?
How many troops did he lead?
How did the attack on Fort Duquesne go?
How many British soldiers were hurt in the attack on Fort Duquesne?
Who played key roles in organizing the retreat?
Who did the French acquire a copy of the British war plans from?
Why did the French acquire a copy of Shirley's war plan?
What did Shirley do while he was away that made the French aware?
What did Shirley leave at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams?
Who was the governor of New France?
What did Vaudreuil do when he felt Johnson was a threat?
How did the Battle of Lake George end?
Where did Johnson's advance stop?
Where did the French retreat to after the battle of Lake George?
Who captured Fort Beauséjour in June 1755?
What did Governor Lawrence order?
Where were the only notable clashes between the British and Acadians?
Who assumed command of British forces in North America after Braddock's death?
Where did William Shirley meet in 1755 to lay out his plans for North America?
What did William Shirley plan to do in 1756?
How did Shirley plan to attack Quebec?
Who was Lord Loudoun's second in command?
Who led the French regular army reinforcements when they arrived in New France?
On what date did England declare war on France?
Where did Shirley build forts?
In which battle did French forces destroy the fort at Oneida Carry?
How much gunpowder did the French destroy at Fort Bull?
What did the destruction of Fort Bull set back for the British?
Who refused to take any significant actions until Loudoun approved them?
Where did Montcalm move his headquarters?
Vaudreuil's work helped Montcalm attack which garrison?
What did Montcalm and the Indians disagree about?
What did Loudoun plan in 1757?
Why did Loudoun leave a large force at Fort William Henry?
Who was the Secretary of State responsible for the colonies?
What did Loudoun do after his failed attack on Quebec?
Who harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757?
On what frozen body of water did French raid Fort William Henry?
What did some of Montcalm's allies do after the retreat?
Why was Vaudreuil and Montcalm only able to get resupplied in 1758?
What happened to the crops in 1757?
Where did Montcalm focus his resources?
What led to the fall from power of Newcastle?
Who developed the plan for the 1758 campaign?
How many actions did Pitt plan for the 1758 campaign?
How did Pitt's three major attacks on New France fare?
How many French men fought at the Battle of Carillion?
How many troops did the French defeat Abercrombie with?
What did Abercrombie do to save something from the disaster?
What happened to Abercrombie?
What did Choiseul decide to focus on?
How did the invasion of Britain go?
Where did the French Navy fail in 1759?
Who defeated Montcalm at Quebec?
What did the victory at Fort Niagara accomplish?
What was the name of the battle fought outside Quebec City in 1760?
In what battle did the British prevent the arrival of French relief ships?
Who negotiated a capitulation with General Amherst in September 1760?
What did Amherst grant to French residents?
With whom did Vaudreuil negotiate a capitulation?
When did the Seven Years' War end?
What was the treaty that ended the European theater of the Seven Years' War?
What did the British offer France in the Treaty of Hubertusburg?
Why did the British want the Caribbean islands?
How many people lived in French Canada?
When did the deportation of Acadians begin?
Where did the British resettle many Acadians?
Where did many Acadians flee to after the Haitian Revolution?
Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 do?
Where were the lands reserved for the Indian population?
Where did the Spanish Catholic population go?
What made the Ohio Country vulnerable to legal and illegal settlement?
When was the Spanish takeover of Louisiana completed?
Which two Native American tribes became enemies of the British after the takeover of Spanish Florida?
What did the loss of French power mean for native populations?
Aristotle and Archimedes had fundamental errors in understanding what concept?
Aristotle and Archimedes believed that a force is required to maintain motion even at a constant velocity, which is considered what?
Who formulated laws of motion that were not improved-on for nearly three hundred years?
How long did it take for Newton's laws to be improved upon?
Who invented the theory of relativity?
What model describes forces between particles smaller than atoms?
What are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed according to the Standard Model?
What is the lowest strength of the four main interactions?
What is the last of the four main interactions known?
High energy particle physics observations in the 1970's and 1980's confirmed that the weak and electromagnetic forces are expressions of what fundamental interaction?
Who proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target?
Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of what?
How many elements did Aristotle think the terrestrial sphere contained?
Where did Aristotle believe motionless objects on Earth to be in their natural place?
What type of motion required continued application of a force?
When did Galileo Galilei's experiment disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion?
Who was able to correct the shortcomings of Aristotelian physics?
The idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of what was influential in Galileo Galilei's work?
Who constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were rolled down an incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion?
What did Galileo Galilei use to prove that objects retain velocity unless acted on by a force?
Who invented the theory of inertia?
What did Galileo observe that constant velocity was associated with?
Who invented the theory of inertia?
Which law contradicts Aristotelian belief that a net force is required to keep an object moving with constant velocity?
How do the laws of physics compare in every inertial frame of reference?
WhatDo not change from being at rest?
What path does the ball follow?
The outside world is considered to be physically indistinguishable from the inside of a vehicle which is what?
What applies equally well to constant velocity motion?
What causes an object with mass in mid-air to remain stationary with respect to an astronaut?
What is the cause of the constancy of the length of a day and year?
Who explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames?
What do astronauts experience when in free fall orbit around the Earth?
What principle was one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the theory of relativity?
What does it assert the direct proportionality of acceleration to force?
What measurements can be used to define acceleration?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
The relative units of force and mass are what when written as an equality?
What law states that all forces are interactions between different bodies?
What law states that all forces are interactions between different bodies?
The third law states that there is no such thing as a force that acts on only one body as what type of force?
In Newton's Third Law, what is the relationship between F and −F?
What part of the system does not accelerate if an external force acts on it?
In what kind of system are no internal forces that are unbalanced?
The action-reaction force shared between any two objects in a closed system will not cause the center of what to accelerate?
Since forces are perceived as pushes or pulls, what does this provide for describing forces?
What is the operational definition of force compared to?
What theory is consistent with laboratory measurements of forces?
How does it come to be that laboratory measurements of force are consistent with Newtonian mechanics?
What are forces classified as?
What are quantities that do not have direction called?
What avoids the problems of vector quantities?
What does it mean if magnitude and direction are not known for each force?
What avoids the problems of vector quantities?
Historically, forces were first quantitatively investigated in conditions of what?
What do forces have?
What is the resultant of two forces acting on a point called?
What must be specified if forces are acting on an extended body?
The net force can be determined by following what rule of vector addition?
What are forces resolved into besides being added?
How many forces can a horizontal force be split into?
What does vector addition yield?
What type of components are independent of each other because forces acting at ninety degrees to each other have no effect on magnitude or direction of the other?
What are orthogonal force vectors?
What opposes the applied force and causes the object to not move?
What opposes the applied force and causes the object to not move?
Static friction increases or decreases in response to what force?
Static friction is created between an object and a table surface when what is opposed by static friction?
A static equilibrium between two is the most usual way of measuring what?
The force of gravity acting on an object suspended on a vertical spring scale is called what?
What force is proportional to volume for objects of constant density?
What force is proportional to volume for objects of constant density?
Who wrote the Three Laws of Motion?
Who first described dynamic equilibrium?
Aristotle's notion of a "natural state" of what is contrary to Galileo's idea of a constant velocity?
Who first described dynamic equilibrium?
Where would a cannonball fall in an Aristotelian universe?
Where does the cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe?
What occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction?
What opposes the applied force in a dynamic equilibrium?
What force opposes the applied force?
Who misunderstood the simple case of dynamic equilibrium?
Quant mechanics is described by what equation instead of Newtonian equations?
Quantum mechanics is described by the Schrödinger equation instead of what kind of equations?
What are potentials treated similar to?
Quantum mechanics results appear in discrete portions as what?
What notion keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics?
What is the intrinsic angular momentum like variable that particles acting onto each other possess?
What principle relates space and the spin variables?
What is the intrinsic angular momentum like variable that particles acting onto each other possess?
The position variables must be symmetric for what type of spins?
What type of spins do electrons have?
Modern particle physics explain forces and acceleration of particles as what?
Quantum field theory and general relativity realized that what is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum?
Quantfield theory and general relativity realized that force is a redundant concept arising from what?
What diagrams are used to describe interactions?
In a Feynman diagram, what direction is each matter particle represented as moving through time?
How many fundamental interactions are there in the universe?
What forces are nuclear forces that act only at very short distances?
What force acts between electric charges?
The gravitational force acts between what?
What does not permit atoms to pass through each other?
Who created the universal theory of gravitation?
Quant mechanics was developed in what century?
The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of what?
What type of model is string theory?
Who identified gravity as a universal force?
Who was instrumental in describing the characteristics of falling objects?
What is the magnitude of gravity towards the surface of the Earth?
Where is the measurement taken from?
What is the force on an object at the Earth's surface proportional to the object's mass?
At what point did Newton realize that the effects of gravity might be observed in different ways?
What did Newton determine could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration decreased as an inverse square law?
The acceleration due to gravity is proportional to what of the attracting body?
The mass of the Earth and the gravitational acceleration are combined to give a formula that relates the mass and what else?
What is the dimensional constant used to describe the relative strength of gravity?
Who was able to make the first measurement using a torsion balance?
When was the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
Who invented the Universal Gravitation Constant?
What planet's orbit did Newton's Law of Gravitation seem not to explain?
What planet did some astrophysicists predict would explain the discrepancies in Newton's Law of Gravitation?
What is GR?
Who created the theory of general relativity?
Who created the theory of general relativity?
What theory has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity?
What does it mean when an object's straight line path curves in space-time?
The time derivative of the changing momentum of an object is called what?
The curvature of space-time can be observed in what sense?
What is the time rate of change of electric charge?
The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of what type of force that acts on a charge?
What describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field?
What is the combined force of Lorentz's Law?
Who unified earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations?
When was the origin of electric and magnetic fields fully explained?
How many scalar equations did James Clerk Maxwell unite?
How many vector equations were created?
Who discovered that electric and magnetic fields could be "self-generating"?
Quantum Electrodynamics was a final modification to what theory?
What was used to develop a new theory of electromagnetism?
What is the name of the new theory of electromagnetism that was developed using quantum mechanics?
What are the fundamental exchange particles in QED?
What is the name of the new theory of electromagnetism that was developed using quantum mechanics?
What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to?
What is the cause of the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter?
What does it take to pack electrons together?
How is the Pauli exclusion principle manifested macroscopically?
What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to?
What is the cause of the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter?
What does it take to pack electrons together?
How is the Pauli exclusion principle manifested macroscopically?
The strong force only acts directly upon what?
What is observed between hadrons?
What force is the residual residual of the force observed between hadrons known as?
How is the strong force transmitted between hadrons?
What is the phenomenon where elementary particles affected are not directly observable called?
The exchange of heavy W and Z bosons gives rise to what force?
What is the most familiar effect of the weak force?
What does beta decay associated with?
The word "weak" derives from the fact that the field strength is some how many times less than that of the strong force?
At what temperature are electromagnetic and weak forces indistinguishable?
What is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors?
What happens when electron clouds overlap?
What causes Pauli repulsion?
The force that responds when an external force pushes on a solid object is called what?
What can be used to model tension forces?
What can be used to allow ideal strings to switch physical direction?
How do ideal strings send tension forces?
What does the tandem effects result in?
What is used to connect the same string multiple times to the same object?
New's were first developed to describe how forces affect what?
New's were first developed to describe how forces affect point particles rather than what?
In what kind of fluids are differences in pressure directed along the pressure gradients?
In real life, what might forces that act on one part of an object affect?
In real life, what kind of structure does matter have?
What accounts for forces that cause deformations?
What terms does this formalism include?
What terms does this formalism include?
What includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What is angle in relation to rotation?
The rotational inertia ensures that all bodies maintain their angular momentum unless acted upon by what?
What law can be used to derive an equation for the instantaneous angular acceleration of a rigid body?
Where is the unbalanced centripetal force felt by any object always directed?
Where does the unbalanced force that accelerates an object move relative to the velocity vector?
The radial force is also known as what?
What direction does the unbalanced centripetal force change direction?
What force accelerates an object by either slowing it down or speeding it up?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert between potential forms and what other form?
The direction and amount of a flow of water can be considered an artifact of what type of field?
What is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on a closed system?
What is the force related to between two different locations in space?
The direction and amount of a flow of water can be considered what of the potential field?
Mac considerations yield what as arising from a macroscopic statistical average of microstates?
What is it impossible to model forces as being due to for certain physical scenarios?
What is caused by gradients of numerous electrostatic potentials between atoms?
Tension, compression, and drag are all what kind of forces?
The connection between macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces is described by detailed treatment with what?
According to the Second law of thermodynamics, what results in energy transformations within closed systems?
According to the Second law of thermodynamics, what results in energy transformations within closed systems?
Which law of thermodynamics states that nonconservative forces result in energy transformations within closed systems from ordered to more random conditions as entropy increases?
According to the Second law of thermodynamics, what results in energy transformations within closed systems?
What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass?
What is another name for kilogram-force?
What is the metric equivalent of the kilogram-force?
What unit of force is equivalent to 1000lbf?
What unit of force is equivalent to 1000 N?