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Kroc Institute? How many stories are in the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library? How many stories is the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library? When was the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library completed? Who designed the Word of Life mural? What is the name of the mural on the front of the library? How many incoming students were admitted in fall 2015? What percentage of incoming students were admitted in fall 2015? What is the academic profile of the enrolled class? What percentage of incoming students were admitted under the early action plan? How far did the average student travel to attend Notre Dame? Where did Notre Dame rank among "national universities" in 2015-2016? Where did Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges rank Notre Dame in 2015? How does BusinessWeek rank the Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school? Who ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities in 2014? What percentage of students choose to study abroad in 17 countries? 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When did the Convention come into force? How many countries were parties to the Convention? How many permanent members of the UN Security Council were parties to the treaty? Which country ratified the Convention in 1970? How long did the Convention languish? What did Jonassohn and Björnson say was the CPPCG a legal instrument resulting from? What is the CPPCG not intended to be? What does the CPPCG have? What has gained widespread support for? Who argued that some studies are too expansive? What have academics adjusted their focus to? Who studied the whole of human history? Who studied the whole of human history? Along with Helen Fein, Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr, who has studied post World War II events? What groups were excluded from the CPPCG definition of genocide? What book was written by M. Hassan Kakar? What is one of the targets of genocide in the CPPCG legal definition? What is a form of one-sided mass killing? What is genocide? What is genocide? What are the victimized groups defined primarily in terms of? What are the two types of genocide? What are the victimized groups defined primarily in terms of? What do Harff and Gurr differentiate between? What is the ordinary meaning of genocide? What is the ordinary meaning of genocide? What is the legal meaning of genocide? What do non-killings do to eliminate the group? What are non-killings that eliminate the group called? Who defined genocide as 'When a source of collective power intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group'? What does Adrian Gallagher define genocide as? What is the centrality of intent? What does the definition of genocide broadens? A substantial part of a group has to be what before it can be classified as genocide? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to do? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to do? What could no claim of genocide be brought against the signatories? Which country refused to allow a charge of genocide to be brought against it by former Yugoslavia? Which country refused to allow a charge of genocide brought against it by former Yugoslavia? What treaty was promulgated in 1948? What were the criminals found guilty of? What was one of the more specific crimes that were prosecuted after the war? What was the name of the genocide that was prosecuted in international courts? Who coined the term genocide? Who dismissed Nikola Jorgić's appeal? What did the German courts reject as a wider interpretation of genocide? What did the Serb forces do in Bosnia and Herzegovina? What did the Serb forces expel from their homes? Who found that the actus reu, of genocide was met in Prijedor? How many people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide? How many plea bargains have been made? What is Zdravko Tolimir accused of? What was Radislav Krstić and Drago Nikolić convicted of? How many people have been found guilty of participating in genocides in Bosnia? When did Slobodan Milošević die? Where was Radovan Karadžić arrested in 2008? Who was arrested on 26 May 2011 by Serbian special police? What was Slobodan Milošević accused of? Who was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY? What does ICTR stand for? When did the genocide occur in Rwanda? Who created the ICTR? What did the ICTR judge? Who is responsible for the genocide in Rwanda? What is the name of the conflict in Darfur? Who was the US Secretary of State in 2003? Where did Colin Powell testify in 2004? What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in January 2005? What was the conclusion of the Commission of Inquiry? Who did the Security Council refer Darfur to? What report did the Security Council take into account? Who abstained from the vote on the referral resolution? How many permanent members of the Security Council abstained from voting on the referral resolution? What do other authors focus on? What are the structural conditions leading up to genocide? Who showed that economic deterioration and political confusion and disorganization were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence? What is a history of? What do the conditions that lead to genocide provide guidance to? What is a common phenomenon? What does the emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics reflect? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment? What two antibiotics have become less effective? What does the emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics reflect? What can be selected for bacterial strains with physiologically or genetically enhanced capacity to survive? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment? What experiment demonstrated the selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? What depends frequently on the activity of antibacterials? What has been shown to eliminate in clinical settings? A bactericidal activity of antibacterials may depend on what? What is the purpose of the division of bacterial cells? What depends frequently on the activity of antibacterials? What are some factors that determine the successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy with antibacterial compounds? What is used as markers of drug efficacy? What do most antibacterial antibiotics target? What do penicillins and cephalosporins target? What do polymyxins do? Along withmacrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines, what is an example of an antibacterial antibiotic? Antibacterial antibiotics are commonly classified based on what? What do penicillins and cephalosporins target? What do polymyxins do? How many new classes of antibacterial antibiotics were discovered in the late 2000s and early 2010s? Antibacterial antibiotics are commonly classified based on what? What are most modern antibacterials? What are beta-lactam antibiotics? What compound is still isolated from living organisms? How are sulfonamides and oxazolidinones produced? What are most modern antibacterials? What is the molecular weight of most antibacterials? What are the beta-lactam antibiotics? Who produced the penicillins? What disease was eradicated by vaccination? What caused bacteria to develop resistance? Who classify antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat"? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? Anyone, of any age, in any country has the potential to affect what? What caused bacteria to develop resistance? Who classify antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat"? In what century did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has led to widespread problems with antimicrobial and antibiotic resistance? What has led to the near eradication of diseases such as tuberculosis in the developed world? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What caused bacteria to develop resistance? Who classify antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat"? In what region of the world is antimicrobial resistance happening? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has led to widespread problems with antimicrobial and antibiotic resistance? Where did bacteria develop resistance? What disease was eradicated by vaccination? What is empirical therapy? How long does the identification process take? What type of antibiotic is most likely to be most active against the most likely cause of infection? What is being identified in empirical therapy? How long does the identification process take? What type of antibiotic is most likely to be most active against the most likely cause of infection? What is not yet unidentified in empirical therapy? What is usually initiated before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim? Along with fever and nausea, what is an example of an adverse side effect of an antibiotic? What can cause diarrhea? What bacteria can cause overgrowth in the vulvo-vaginal area? What is a quinolone antibiotic with a systemic corticosteroid? What has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics screened for? What are antibiotics screened for? What is one of the main side effects of antibiotics? What are some common side effects of antibiotics? What has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics screened for? What are some major allergic reactions to antibiotics? What are common side effects of antibiotics? What can overgrowth of yeast lead to? What are some side effects of antibiotics? Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with what? What type of antibiotic treatment is used in mice? What is the name of the subtherapeutic antibiotic treatment? Is there a correlation between antibiotics and obesity in humans? The effect of antibiotics on obesity in humans needs to be weighed against what? Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with what? What is a critical period for the establishment of the intestinal microbiota and for metabolic development? Is there a correlation between antibiotics and obesity in humans? What do most studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is the effect of antibacterials on the intestinal flora? What has been the conclusion of these studies? What have clinicians suggested should be used during therapies using antibacterials? What do most studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What is the effect of antibacterials on the intestinal flora? What are antibacterials that are suspected to interact with? Do antibiotics interfere with contraceptive pills? What have clinicians suggested should be used during therapies using antibacterials? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? Along with side-effects, what can the interactions between alcohol and antibiotics cause? What is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? Along with side-effects, what can the interactions between alcohol and certain antibiotics cause? What is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What should never be mixed? What is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects? What is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What is an example of antibacterial resistance? What can be exchanged between different bacterial strains or species via plasmids? What may be absent from the bacterial genome? How does the spread of antibacterial resistance often occur? What results from Acquired resistance? How does the spread of antibacterial resistance often occur? Plasmids that carry several different resistance genes are called what? Antibacterial-resistant strains are sometimes referred to as what? What disease is caused by emergent bacterial strains? How many new cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis are estimated to occur worldwide? What are the estimated cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What is an example of misuse of antibiotics? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What are common forms of antibiotic misuse? What are common forms of antibiotic misuse? What are some forms of misuse? What is an example of an inappropriate antibiotic treatment? What did a study on respiratory tract infections find? What is the name of the task force that aims to actively address antimicrobial resistance? Who coordinates the US Interagency Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance? When did the "Antibiotics are not automatic" government campaign begin in France? When did the EU ban the use of antibiotics as growth-promotional agents? When was the Swann report published? What is the abbreviation for the American Society for Microbiology? What federal bills aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in food animals were proposed? What is the abbreviation for the American Holistic Nurses' Association? Where has there been extensive use of antibiotics? In what year did the US Food and Drug Administration issue an order to revoke approvals for the use of antibiotics in livestock? When did the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York order the FDA to revoke approvals for the use of antibiotics in livestock? What were treatments for infections based on before the early 20th century? How long ago were antimicrobial properties described? What did ancient cultures use to treat infections? What does 'antibiosis' mean? Who introduced the term "antibiosis"? What has been noticed many times over the course of history? Who discovered the effect of mold on infection? What antibacterial compound did Fleming name? What type of treatment did Fleming believe penicillin could be used for? What was the first commercially available antibacterial? What was the name of the company that developed Prontosil? Who developed Prontosil? What award did Domagk receive in 1939? What was the name of the first naturally derived antibiotic? In what year was tyrothricin discovered? When was the start of World War II? Who discovered tyrothricin? What did tyrothricin treat? In what year was penicillin G created? In what year did Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin win the Nobel Prize in Medicine? Who developed the back extraction technique for efficiently purifying penicillin in bulk? In what year did Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin win the Nobel Prize in Medicine? Who determined the chemical structure of penicillin? What do vaccines rely on? What has been responsible for a drastic reduction in global bacterial diseases? What kind of vaccines have been replaced by cell-free vaccines? What is another option being looked into for treating resistant strains of bacteria? How are phages used? What is one of the worries about using phages to fight pathogens? How many new antibiotics were approved in 2009? How many new antibiotics were discovered in 2013? In what year did the IDSA report that the weak antibiotic pipeline does not match bacteria's increasing ability to develop resistance? Who can approve antibiotics and antifungals? What could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in ADAPT? What is ADAPT meant to combat? Who is Allan Coukell? What languages did Chopin speak? What era did Chopin belong to? What instrument did Chopin primarily write for? Where was Chopin born? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? When was Chopin born? What era did Chopin belong to? Where was Chopin born? What instrument did Chopin primarily write for? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? When was Chopin born? What nationality was Chopin? What instrument did Chopin primarily write for? What era did Chopin belong to? When was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? How old was Chopin when he left Poland? What era did Chopin belong to? When did Chopin die? How old was Chopin when he died? How many public performances did Chopin give? In what year did Chopin acquire French citizenship? Where did Chopin visit in 1838-39? What was the cause of Chopin's death? Where did Chopin die? How many public performances did Chopin give? Who did Chopin form a friendship with? In what year did Chopin acquire French citizenship? Who was Chopin's failed engagement to? How old was Chopin when he died? How many public performances did Chopin give? In what year did Chopin acquire French citizenship? Who arranged for Chopin to visit Scotland in 1848? In what year did Chopin acquire French citizenship? Who arranged for Chopin to visit Scotland in 1848? What was the cause of Chopin's death? What type of piano is most of Chopin's compositions? What concept did Chopin invent? Who influenced Chopin's compositional style? What were Chopin's own performances noted for? Where was Chopin a frequent guest? What type of piano is most of Chopin's compositions? What concept did Chopin invent? What were Chopin's own performances noted for? Who influenced Chopin's compositional style? Where did Chopin influence his compositional style? What type of piano is most of Chopin's compositions? Where did Chopin influence his compositional style? What were Chopin's own performances noted for? Who influenced Chopin's compositional style? What type of piano is most of Chopin's compositions? Where did Chopin influence his compositional style? Where was Chopin a frequent guest? What was Chopin's association with political insurrection? 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Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? How many polonaises did Fryderyk composed? In what year did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? When was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Fryderyk's elder sister? How many polonaises did Fryderyk composed? Who was Fryderyk's first professional music tutor? When was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? What is the Kazimierz Palace now known as? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Where did Fryderyk sometimes play? What was the name of Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz's dramatic eclogue? When was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Who did Fryderyk play for? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? Where did Fryderyk sometimes play? Who did Fryderyk play for? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? 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Who composed a set of variations for the violin? Where did Chopin make his debut? What piece did Chopin premiere in 1829? When did Chopin return to Warsaw? Who did Chopin feel was too delicate for? Who did Chopin hear play the violin? Where did Chopin make his debut? How many piano concerts did Chopin give? How many weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory did Chopin make his debut in Vienna? When did the Uprising occur? Where did Chopin go with Woyciechowski? When did the Uprising occur? Who described Chopin as maturing? Who described Chopin as maturing? Who returned to Poland after the Uprising? Where did Chopin plan to go after Austria? What uprising broke out in Warsaw? What did Chopin's success as a composer and performer open the door to? Who returned to Poland after the Uprising? When did the Uprising occur? What did Chopin do when he learned that the uprising had been crushed? When did Chopin learn that the uprising had been crushed? 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Who was Chopin's friend at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? What role did Albert Grzymała fill for Chopin? Who was Chopin's friend at the Warsaw Conservatory? How many friends did Chopin have in Paris? Where did Julian Fontana originally try to establish himself? Where did Julian Fontana originally try to establish himself? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Who was Chopin's friend at the Warsaw Conservatory? Where did Julian Fontana attend? Who gave Chopin his first major endorsement? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? What did Chopin realize was not optimal for large concert spaces? Who did Chopin no longer depend on? Who gave Chopin his first major endorsement? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? Who introduced Chopin to in 1832? When did Chopin earn a handsome income from publishing his works? What technique was not optimal for large concert spaces? Who did Chopin teach piano to in 1832? 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Who did Chopin begin an association with on his return to Paris? How old was Sand when Chopin met Sand? How did the two spend the winter in Majorca? Where was the former Carthusian monastery located? Who was Chopin in company with in June 1837? Who was Camille Pleyel? How old was Sand? Who was Sand's former lover? Where did Chopin take lodgings in Majorca? When did Chopin and Sand become lovers? Where did Chopin and Sand spend a miserable winter? How many children did Sand and Sand have? What was the name of Sand's former lover? Where did Chopin take lodgings in Majorca? How many doctors visited Chopin? Who sent Chopin his Preludes? Where did Chopin finish his Preludes? How many doctors visited Chopin in December? When did Chopin complain about his bad health? What did Chopin complain about? What piano did Chopin have problems with? When did Chopin complain about his bad health? Who sent Chopin his piano in January 1839? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? 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What was the earliest recording of Chopin's works? Who recorded the earliest recording of Chopin's works? Where can you find historic recordings of Chopin? When was the earliest recording of Chopin? Who is responsible for tracing the lineage and character of Chopin's traditions? What is the oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How often is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How many performances of Chopin's works are on youtube? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? Where is the Fryderyk Chopin Institute located? How many performances of Chopin works are on youtube as of January 2014? What ballet used Chopin's music in 1909? Who choreographed Chopiniana? What was the title of the ballet Chopiniana? Who choreographed Chopiniana? 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Who designed Chopin's tombstone? Who was the muse of music? How much did the funeral and monument cost? Who covered the expenses of Chopin's funeral and monument? What did Ludwika preserve in Chopin's urn? Who designed Chopin's tombstone? How much did the funeral and monument cost? Who covered the expenses of Chopin's funeral and monument? Who took Chopin's heart in an urn? Who destroyed Chopin's letters? How many compositions of Chopin survive? All of Chopin's known works involve what instrument? How many compositions of Chopin survive? What are some of Chopin's compositions? Who taught Chopin the piano method? Who taught Chopin the piano method? Who were Chopin's two most important composers? Along with Haydn, Mozart, and Clementi, who influenced Chopin? Who invented the new salon genre of nocturne? What two pieces did Chopin write as individual concert pieces? What genre did Chopin take to a deeper level of sophistication? What two pieces did Chopin write as individual concert pieces? Chopin exploited the poetic potential of what concept? Who developed the concert étude? How many polonaises were published posthumously? How many polonaises were published in Chopin's lifetime? What were Chopin's mazurkas? What type of tempos were Chopin's waltzes often written for? What did Chopin endowed popular dance forms with? Where were Chopin's mazurkas written? Who put the mazurka on the European musical map? How many polonaises were published in Chopin's lifetime? What were Chopin's waltzes written specifically for? What was the title of Chopin's Revolutionary Étude? What was the third movement of Chopin's Sonata No. 2? What is the name of the third movement of the Funeral March? What was the name of the third movement of the Funeral March? What was the title of Chopin's Revolutionary Étude? What was the title of Chopin's Revolutionary Étude? How many opus numbers did Chopin use? Who was Chopin's musical executor? How many unpublished piano pieces did Fontana select? How many Polish songs did Chopin write at various stages of his life? How many opus numbers did Chopin use? Who was Chopin's musical executor? In what year were 17 Polish songs collected and published? Who is the compiler of the Kobylańska Catalogue? Works published since what year have received alternative catalogue designations? Works published since 1857 have received what instead of opus numbers? What is the current standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? What is the Kobylańska Catalogue usually represented by? Who is the compiler of the Kobylańska Catalogue? Who published the first collected edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the National Edition of Chopin's works? Who were the original publishers of Chopin's works? Where did Chopin's works begin to appear? Who wrote the first collected edition of Chopin's works? Who edited the National Edition of Chopin's works? What is at the centre of Chopin's creative processes? What phrase did Chopin use as a structural unit? What is at the centre of Chopin's creative processes? Who wrote that "improvisation is designed for an audience"? What is an important aspect of Chopin's individuality? What piece stands apart as an example of Chopin's rich harmonic palette coupled with an Italianate warmth of melody? How many scherzos are in the Barcarolle Op. 60? What form is the middle section of the Barcarolle Op. 60 based on? What type of features do mazurkas often show? What kind of form are Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes? What are all in straightforward ternary or episodic form? What type of bass does Chopin use in mazurkas? What does Op. 63 No. 3 include? What are Chopin's polonaises in? Who were Chopin's teachers? What do Chopin's polonaises typically display? What type of playing technique do Chopin's polonaises require? How many nocturnes are there? What is the main feature of Chopin's nocturnes? 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Who said that novel harmonic effects frequently result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures of accompaniment? What type of finger technique did Chopin use? Who wrote of a recital given by Chopin in 1841? What was Chopin's name? Who was Chopin's successor? What did critics consider Chopin's use of? Who was Chopin's teacher? Who was Chopin's successor? Who was devoted to the music of Chopin? Who was Chopin's teacher? Who wrote that modern concert performance style is set in the "conservatory" tradition? What did Chopin avoid in performance? What did Chopin avoid in performance? What did Chopin say he had to give up? Who wrote in 1853 that Chopin has created a kind of chromatic embroidery? Who wrote that Chopin's hand became a colourful wreath of flowers? Chopin's music is frequently played with what? What is rubato? Chopin's music is frequently played with what? Where are most of the written-out indications of rubato found? Who was a pupil of Chopin? Who was a pupil of Chopin? What was Chopin's most severe criticism? What did Chopin introduce to music? When was Schumann's review of piano concertos published? Where did Schumann feel Chopin's strong feelings for? What event caused the Poles to be in deep mourning? Who wrote a biography of Chopin in 1863? What were Chopin's mazurkas and polonaises? Who wrote in 1836 about Chopin's strong feelings for Poland? Where are Chopin's works buried? Who wrote a biography of Chopin in 1863? Who suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more fromurbanised Warsaw versions than from folk music? Who used polonaise and mazurka forms? Who impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing? What did Chopin's music symbolize? What did Chopin's music symbolize? Where did the Poles come from? What type of flamboyance did Arthur Hutchings think Chopin lacked? Who was one of Chopin's romantic contemporaries? Where did Chopin arrive? Who suggested that Chopin's lack of Byronic flamboyance made him exceptional? What piece did Schumann name for Chopin? What piece did Chopin dedicate to Schumann? How many Polish songs did Liszt transcribe for piano? Who discussed elements of folk music with Chopin? What qualities were recognized by many of his fellow musicians? What piece did Schumann name for Chopin? What piece did Chopin dedicate to Schumann? Who transcribed six of Chopin's Polish songs? Who dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin? Who edited Chopin's music for the publisher? Who made recordings of Chopin's music? Who was one of Chopin's long-standing pupils? Who assert that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet? What trade was important to the Ming-Tibetan relationship? When did Yongle reign? Who was the Karmapa of Karma Kagyu school? What school did Deshin Shekpa belong to? Along with Nepal, what country did the Ming engage in foreign diplomacy with? What type of resistance did the Tibetans use? Who were successful armed protectors of the Gelug Dalai Lama? Who established the Ganden Phodrang regime? When was the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initiated? When did the Tibetan Empire collapse? Who signed various peace treaties with the Tang? What was the result of the treaty between Tibet and China? Who signed various peace treaties with the Tang? In what year did the Yarlung rulers sign a treaty with the Tang? When was the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China? When did the Song dynasty rule? What dynasty ruled from960-1279? Who was the leader of the Liao dynasty? Who ruled the Jin dynasty from 1115-1234? Who conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of Western Xia? Who was Genghis Khan's successor? When did Ögedei Khan die? Who was Genghis Khan's successor? Who raided as far as Lhasa? Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism? Who was the regency of Godan in 1247? When did Töregene Khatun rule? 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Who counter the Tibetan narrative of titles granted by the Chinese to Tibetans? Who did the Ming emperors send invitations to? Who did the Ming emperors send invitations to? What was the name of the oasis city-states of the Western Regions? Who did the Han Chinese government portray as true Han representatives? What official title did Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen hold? What was Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen's Tibetan title? Which dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? Who gave the title Education Minister to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen? Who wrote in his will that he received loving care from the emperor? Who was the first leader of the Tibetan Empire? Who was the first leader of the Tibetan Empire to establish Tibet as a strong power? Where is Lok-Ham Chan from? What did Changchub Gyaltsen want to remove from Tibet? Who did the Hongwu Emperor grant the titleInitiation State Master? Who was the Ming officer of Hezhou? Who was the second Phagmodru ruler? Who was the Ming officer of Hezhou? Who sent envoys to the Ming court? Who lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434? When did the Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? In what year did the 5th Dalai Lama gain effective hegemony over Tibet? What did other families try to establish? What school did Je Tsongkhapa start? Who declined the title of Karmapa Kargyu? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to come to the Ming court? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? In what year did the Ming send another embassy to Nanjing? When did the Ming send another embassy to Nanjing? Who did Tsongkhapa send to Nanjing? When did Tsongkhapa send Chosrje Shākya Yeshes to Nanjing? Who argues that modern Chinese Communist historians tend to be in favor of the view that the Ming simply reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet? Who did Laird say the Ming appointed titles to? What did the Ming not send to replace the Mongols after they left Tibet? Who did the Ming appoint titles to? Who did the Yongle Emperor send to Tibet? Where did Yang Sanbao go? When did the Yongle Emperor send Yang Sanbao into Tibet? Why did Yongle send Yang Sanbao into Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor pay gifts for tributes? Who did the Gelug send missions to? When did Gelug send missions to the Ming court? What was the Gelug not mentioned in? Who did the Ming court grant titles to? Who overthrew the viceregal Sakya regime? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When did Rinpungpa rule? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When did the Tsangpa rule? When did the Jianwen Emperor rule? Who aided the Yongle Emperor? Who rejected the invitation to Deshin Shekpa? When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court? Who did the Yongle Emperor dispatch to Tibet? Who did the Yongle Emperor seek out? When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing? How did Hou Xian travel to Lhasa? When did Deshin Shekpa begin his travels? Where did Deshin Shekpa visit? Who did the Yongle Emperor give the place of honor at his left? Who wrote that Kublai would sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric? Who gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left? Where did the Yongle Emperor hold religious ceremonies? Where was Linggu Temple located? What title did Deshin Shekpa receive? Who did Deshin Shekpa convince the Yongle Emperor to grant the title of King? Who did Deshin Shekpa convince the Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet? Why was Deshin Skekpa invited to Tibet? What did the Yongle Emperor plan to do before returning to Tibet? What did the Yongle Emperor plan to do to the Karmapa? Who dissuaded the Yongle Emperor from sending a military force into Tibet? Who did Deshin Shekpa help the legitimacy of? Who aided the legitimacy of the Yongle Emperor's rule? What did Deshin Shekpa do? Who has failed to realize the significance of the Ming-Tibetan relationship? What symbolized the religious nature of the relationship? Who wrote that the Ming dynasty did not exercise direct political control over Tibet? When did the Zhengtong Emperor live? What office preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor? Who was the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma? Who was the Karmapa? Who brought holy relics to the Ming court? Who did the Ming court cut off all relations with? When did the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa hierarchs? When did Deshin Shekpa die? Who sent representatives of the Karma Kagyu to Ming capital? Why did the Yongle Emperor order the construction of a road? What did the Ming trade with Tibet include? Where did the trade route pass through? Why did the Ming court establish diplomatic delegations with Tibet? What type of workshops did the Ming provide to the Tibetan market? What type of clothing did Silk workshops feature? Who established diplomatic delegations with Tibet? How were horses collected in Tibet? Who did the Ming trade horses with? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols? Who overthrew the Oirat Mongol confederation? What dynasty traded horses with Tibet? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols? When did the Hongwu Emperor use military force to quell unrest in Tibet? When did Mu Ying establish a garrison in Gansu? How many Tibetan prisoners were captured by Mu Ying in October 1379? How many Tibetan prisoners were captured by Mu Ying in October 1379? Who was ordered to repel a Tibetan assault into Sichuan in 1390? What region did the Mongols use as a rallying base? Who used the Ordos region as a rallying base? What did the Mongols use as a rallying base to stage raids into? What was the Ming court's patronage of high Tibetan lamas designed to do? What policy did the Ming uphold? After what happened to the Sakya regime? Who did the Yongle Emperor try to build a strong relationship with? Who did the Yongle Emperor give patronage to? Who were the Rinpungpa leaders relatives of? When did the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa? What was the most important event in the Gelug? When did the secular Phagmodru ruler capture Lhasa? When did the Zhengde Emperor die? What did the Zhengde Emperor enjoy? Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama? Who described Tibet as a feudal dependency of China? Who had no control over Tibet? When did Tibet become part of China? When did the Manchu Qing dynasty invade Tibet? During what dynasty did developments take place that made Tibet an organic part of China? Who was considered an organic part of China? Who upheld a "mutual role of religious prelate and secular patron"? Who assumed the former imperial tributaries and subject states as integral parts of Chinese nation-state? Where is the California Academy of Sciences located? Who installed the vice royalty of the Sakya regime? What relationship did the Mongols establish with Tibetans? When was Tibet incorporated into China? Who did China Daily claim had established two itinerant high commands over Tibet? In what year did China Daily state that Tibet was incorporated into the territory of Yuan dynasty? Who established two itinerant high commands over Tibet? Who ruled Tibet in the 13th century? When did Jiajing reign? What was the native Chinese ideology of? Who discontinued their trips to Ming China? Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing? Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing? Who took over for Zhengde? Who did the politics at court shift in favor of? What did the Neo-Confucian establishment reject? What did the Neo-Confucian establishment have a predisposed animosity towards? Who took over for Zhengde? Where did the Tumed Mongols move into? Where did the Tumed Mongols raid? Who did the Tumed Mongols raid? When did Altan Khan make peace with the Ming dynasty? Who was the third hierarch of the Gelug? What did Altan Khan abolish? Who were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism? What did the Mongol princes and subjects face if they persisted in their shamanistic ways? Who did the Mongol princes request to bestow titles on? Who did the Mongol princes Committed to? Who was Altan Khan's nominal superior? Who was the great-grandson of Altan Khan? Who became the first to wield effective political control over Tibet? When did the 5th Dalai Lama become the fourth Dalai Lama? Who was granted the grandiose title by Altan Khan? Who gave Sonam Gyatso the grandiose title? Who did Sonam Gyatso send a letter and gifts to? Who did Sonam Gyatso send a letter and gifts to? Where did Sonam Gyatso die? Who was granted the title Dorjichang? What did the Qing dynasty allow the third Dalai Lama to do? What title did Sonam Gyatso receive? Who did the Qing emperor grant an honorific title to? Who did the Qing emperor give an honorific title to in 1653? Who invited Yonten Gyatso to Beijing? Who was granted the title "Master of Vajradhara"? When did Yonten Gyatso die? Who was granted the title "Master of Vajradhara"? How did Yonten Gyatso die? Who pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet? Why did the Mongols want to reclaim Tibet? When was Tibet conquered by a Mongol leader? What court had no concern for Tibet? In what year were the Rinbung princes overthrown? Who was the second Tsang king? When did Karma Phuntsok Namgyal rule? Who did the Ü-Tsang king ally with? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? Who was the leader of the Khoshut tribe? What was Güshi Khan's role as protector? Who did Güshi Khan threaten destruction of? Where did Güshi Khan resettle his entire tribe? When did Güshi Khan surrender Shigatse? Who did Güshi Khan welcome to Tibet? What did Güshi Khan present to Lozang Gyatso? Who did Güshi Khan give the title of King of Tibet to? Who was Güshi Khan's regent? Who granted the Dalai Lamasupreme authority? Who led the rebellion against the Chinese Ming dynasty? Who did Shunzhi treat as an independent sovereign of Tibet? Who invited Lozang Gyatso to Beijing? Who attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet? Who was the Kangxi Emperor? When did Kangxi occupy Lhasa? When was a protectorate and permanent Qing dynasty garrison established in Tibet? When did the Qianlong Emperor reign? Who marketed the iPod? When was the first iPod released? How many current versions of the iPod are there? What is the name of the iPod line? What are the three current versions of the iPod? When was the first iPod released? Who marketed the iPod? When was the first iPod released? What are the three current versions of the iPod? When were the most recent iPod redesigns announced? What can iPods serve as? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What software can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, and Web bookmarks? What operating systems are supported by iTunes? What software can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, and Web bookmarks? What was the name of the media player included with the iPhi? Before the release of iOS 5, the iPod branding was used for what? What was the name of the media player included with the iPhone and iPad? When did iPhone sales overtook the iPod? What are the two separate apps named in iOS 5? What is the name of the upgraded processor in the sixth generation iPod Touch? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? What is the name of the sixth generation iPod Touch? When was the new model of the iPod Touch announced? What is the name of the upgraded processor in the sixth generation iPod Touch? What was the name of the new model of the iPod Touch? When was the iPod released? When was the iPod released? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? In what year was the Braun T3 transistor radio created? What was the name of the product that Steve Jobs announced on October 23, 2001? When was the iPod released? What was the name of the product that Steve Jobs announced on October 23, 2001? What was the name of the product that was developed in less than one year? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? Who purchased the rights to Apple's disk drive? What company did Apple contracted to help design and implement the user interface? What font replaced Espy Sans on the iPod Mini? In what year did Apple introduce the sixth-generation iPod Classic? What font did Apple change to in 2007? Who supervised the design of the user interface? What was the name of Apple's reference platform based on two ARM cores? What font did Apple change to in 2007? In what year did Apple release a special edition for the iPod 5G? What band did Apple release a special edition of in 2006? What color was the 5G of U2? How many minutes of interviews and performance did U2 have in the special edition? What band did Apple release a special edition of in 2006? What color was the 5G of U2? In what year did Apple release a special edition for the iPod 5G? What company sued Burst in 2007? Who applied for a UK patent for his design of a "plastic music box"? Where did Kane Kramer apply for a patent? In what year did Kane Kramer apply for a patent for his design of a "plastic music box"? What did Kane Kramer call his music box? What company sued Burst in 2007? What did Kane Kramer call his music box? Who applied for a UK patent for his design of a "plastic music box"? Who proposed the name iPod? What was Vinnie Chieco's profession? What movie did Chieco think of when he saw a prototype of the iPod? Who registered the trademark for the iPod? In what year was the trademark assigned to Apple Computer, Inc.? What movie did Chieco think of when he saw a prototype of the iPod? Who proposed the name iPod? Who registered the trademark for the iPod? When were new color schemes spotted for all of the current iPod models? Who found the leaked photos? What was the latest version of iTunes? What was the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos? What did the third-generation iPod have? When is the bass response reduced? What is an example of an external headphone amplifier? What did the third-generation iPod have? What type of capacitors were used in the third-generation iPod? What did the equalizer do to bass instruments? Along with R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Bass Booster, what EQ settings would cause distortion on bass instruments? What did the equalizer cause on bass instruments? When were all iPods released? Along with R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Bass Booster, what EQ settings would cause distortion on bass instruments? Why did Apple introduce a user-configurable volume limit? In what country did Apple remove iPods from shelves for exceeding the legal limit? What is the maximum volume output level in the sixth-generation iPod? Where did Apple remove iPods from shelves? What is the maximum volume output level in the sixth-generation iPod? Where did Apple remove iPods from shelves? What was used to update songs or recharge the battery? What was included with the first four generations? What was used to update songs or recharge the battery? When did Apple begin including a 30-pin dock connector? What type of dock connector did the third generation include? When did Apple discontinue using FireWire for data transfer? What was the name of the second-generation iPod Touch? How large is the minijack in the iPod Shuffle? When did Apple begin including a 30-pin dock connector? What is the name of the iPod that uses a single 3.5 mm minijack phone connector? What did Apple discontinue using for data transfer? What did Apple discontinue using for data transfer? What is the name of the now-discontinued accessory that Apple sells? Who manufactured accessories for the iPod Hi-Fi? What connector allowed the iPod to connect to accessories? What does the dock connector require? Who makes most accessories for the iPod? What is the name of the now-discontinued accessory that Apple sells? What was the new 8-pin dock connector named? What is the name of the seventh generation iPod Nano? How many pins did the new 8-pin dock connector replace? What was the name of the new dock connector Apple introduced? Where do Apple Lightning cables have pins on both sides? What was the new 8-pin dock connector named? What is the name of the fifth generation iPod Touch? What is an example of an accessory made by Apple? What is the name of the Nike+iPod pedometer? What are some of the first accessory manufacturers? What is an example of an accessory that adds extra features to other music players? What company made the+iPod pedometer? Who made the iPod Hi-Fi? Who released the first iPod automobile interface? In what year did Apple announce that similar systems would be available for other vehicle brands? What car brand offers standard iPod connectivity on all their cars? Who released the first iPod automobile interface? What car brand offers standard iPod connectivity on all their cars? What are some independent stereo manufacturers? What transmitters are illegal in some countries? Many car manufacturers have added what as standard? What is illegal in some countries? Many car manufacturers have added what as standard? Along with United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, what major airline reached agreements to install iPod seat connections? In addition to individual seat-back displays, what type of displays were used in the free service? Which airlines were reported to be part of the deal with Apple? Along with United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, what major airline reached agreements to install iPod seat connections? In what year did United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates reach agreements to install iPod seat connections? What does Apple not support? What was introduced with the iPod photo? What audio format does Apple not support? What does DRM stand for? What OS did iPod software originally work with? What audio file format does Apple not support? What was introduced with the iPod photo? How many computers is an iPod associated with during installation? How can Song ratings be set on an iPod? How many computers is an iPod associated with during installation? How many buttons does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have? What is an innovation that gives an uncluttered, minimalist interface? Where does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have a small control? What type of touch screen does the iPod Touch have? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch similar to? How many buttons does the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle have? What is the name of the 3rd-generation iPod? What is the user interface for the iPod Touch similar to? When was the iTunes Store introduced? What is the name of the online media store run by Apple? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through the store? When did Full-length movies become available in the iTunes Store? When was the iTunes Store introduced? In what year did full length movies become available in the iTunes Store? When did Full-length movies become available in the iTunes Store? What format did purchased audio files use? How many authorized computers could play the files? What was the name of the iTunes store that sold DRM-free, higher quality songs? On what date did Apple announce that DRM would be removed from all music? When did Apple announce that DRM would be removed from all music? What format did purchased audio files use? What was the name of the DRM system? What was the name of the iTunes store that sold DRM-free, higher quality songs? When did Apple announce that DRM would be removed from all music? What are two examples of music stores that do not use DRM? How can iPods play music files from competing music stores? What type of DRM does RealNetworks use? Who decided not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with? In what year did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What was the name of the media event that debuted the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? When did Apple launch the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? When did Apple launch the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? What device can you use to access the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? How are video games playable on various versions of the iPod? What game did the original iPod have? Who invented the game Brick? Along with Parachute, Solitaire, and Music Quiz, what game was added to the iPod? What was the name of the hidden feature in the original iPod? What game did the original iPod have? Along with Parachute, Solitaire, and Music Quiz, what game was added to the iPod? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? On which generation of the iPod did the iPod Classic work? On what generation of iPod did the 5th and 5th generation games work? When did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games for purchase? What was the first generation iPod with iPod software 1.2 or later? Along with Namco, Square Enix, Electronic Arts, Sega, and Hudson Soft, what third party made games for the iPod? What market has Apple's MP3 player entered? Which video game magazines have reviewed and rated most of their games as of late? What are the games in the form of? What are.ipg files? What does the SDK stand for? What are apps produced with the iPhone SDK compatible with? What are the games in the form of? What are apps produced with the iPhone SDK compatible with? Has Apple released a software development kit for iPod-specific development? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What kind of applications are available on a number of platforms? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What is the name of the protected media that can be transferred from an iPod to a computer? What can transfer purchased media of the iTunes Store from an iPod to a computer? Where are media files stored on an iPod? Where can hidden content be accessed? How can media files be recovered? In what year did Apple face two lawsuits claiming patent infringement? How many lawsuits did Apple face in 2005? Along with RealNetworks, Napster, and Musicmatch, what online music store was named as defendants in the lawsuit? Who did Pat-rights claim Apple's FairPlay technology breached? Who sued Apple for patent infringement in 2005? What was the name of the IP portfolio company that filed the lawsuit? What was Apple's application for a patent on? When did Creative Technology announce it held a patent on part of the music selection interface? Who was Apple's main rival in the MP3 player market? What was Creative Technology's patent called? Who did Creative ask to investigate whether Apple was breaching trade laws by importing iPods into the United States? What was Apple's application for a patent on? Who was Apple's main rival in the MP3 player market? When did Apple and Creative announce a broad settlement to end their legal disputes? How much did Apple pay for a paid-up license? What program did Creative join? How much did Apple pay for a paid-up license? What program did Creative join? What percentage of the U.S. market for hard drive-based players is iPod? Since what year has the iPod line dominated digital music player sales? What was the iPod market share in January 2007? According to what website did the iPod market share reach 72.7% in January 2007? What percentage of the U.S. market for hard drive-based players is iPod? What percentage of the market for hard drive-based players is iPod? What was the market share of the iPod in July 2005? On what date did Hewlett-Packard announce that they would sell iPods under a license agreement from Apple? What company sold HP-branded iPods in 2004? What was the name of the new retail channel used by HP? How much of all iPod sales did HP sell in 2004? Why did HP stop selling iPods in July 2005? What did Hewlett-Packard announce on January 8, 2004? How many iPod's did Apple sell in 2007? What percentage of Apple's second quarter revenue was made from iPod sales? What other Apple products are users likely to purchase? What was Apple's second quarter revenue? In what year did Apple sell its one-hundred millionth iPod? What percentage of Apple's second quarter revenue was made from iPod sales? How much revenue did Apple report in 2007? What percentage of Apple's 2007 revenue came from notebook sales? What was Apple's 2007 revenue? How much money did Apple end the fiscal year 2007 with? What was Apple's 2007 revenue? On what date did Apple report the best quarter revenue and earnings in its history? What was Apple's net quarterly profit in 2008? How much of Apple's revenue came from notebook sales? What percentage of Apple's revenue for the First fiscal quarter of 2008 came from notebook sales? Who was Apple's CFO in 2009? In what year did Phil Schiller announce total sales of iPods exceeded 220 million? What percentage of total revenue for fiscal quarter 4 of year 2008 came from iPods? How many total sales of iPods did Phil Schiller announce in 2009? In what year was a new model introduced to the market? In 2006, what was the name of the best computer product of 2006? What type of reviews do iPods often receive? Which two mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? What do phones from Sony Ericsson and Nokia play? Who said that the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? Which two mobile phones play AAC files rather than WMA? Who said that the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What has the iPod been accepted as? What is the purpose of the iPod line? Where are the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? Where is the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? Which university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? Who put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade, "best of" list? Which university provided iPods to all incoming freshmen in the fall of 2004? Who put the iPod on its end-of-the-decade, "best of" list? The iPod's popularization of digital music storage led to what era? What industry has the iPod been credited with accelerating? What did the iPod popularize? The iPod's popularization of digital music storage led to what era? How many hours of music playback does the fifth generation 30 GB iPod claim to have? What website reported that the battery life of an iPod was unachievable under real-life usage conditions? In what year were class action lawsuits brought against Apple? What is the advertised battery life on most models? How long did the writer for MP3.com get on average from an iPod? What is the name of the third-party vendor that can help users open their case? What was the official policy of Apple? What type of batteries lose capacity during their lifetime? What are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user? What type of batteries lose capacity during their lifetime? What did Apple announce on November 14, 2003? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What tools are needed for the iPod Nano? Which generation of iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive? When did Apple announce a battery replacement program? What was the initial cost of the battery replacement program? What type of tools are needed for the battery replacement program? What did Apple use to cause the Nanos to overheat? What did Apple replace the Nanos with? What have been criticized for? What website conducted a 2005 survey? What was the average failure rate for the iPod line? When did many users complain that the surface of the first generation iPod Nano could become scratched easily? What did Apple later begin shipping the iPods with? What type of memory did most iPods have? What did many users complain about the surface of the first generation iPod Nano? Which tabloid reported that iPods are mainly manufactured by workers who earn no more than US$50 per month? What did the auditors find about Apple's labour practices? How many consecutive days did Apple employees work? Which tabloid reported on June 11, 2006? What percentage of the time did Apple employees work over 60 hours? Who did Apple hire to oversee workplace standards auditing? What group did Apple join? Who was Apple's manufacturer? Where was the Foxconn factory located? Who was Apple's manufacturer? Who did Apple hire to oversee workplace standards auditing? In what year did workers at the Foxconn factory form a union? When did a number of workers commit suicide at a Foxconn operations in China? What did an Apple prototype go missing in 2009? When did a number of workers commit suicide at a Foxconn operations in China? What can create more jobs overseas than domestically? What file system format does an iPod use when formatted on a Mac OS computer? What format is used if a new iPod is formatted on Windows? What type of action-adventure is Twilight Princess? The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess was released on which two video game consoles? When was the Wii version of The Legend of Zelda released in North America? When was the GameCube version of Twilight Princess released? Who developed and published The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? When was Twilight Princess originally planned for release? When was the Wii version of Twilight Princess released in North America? Who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension? What is Link trying to prevent? What is the name of the creature Link assisted by? Who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension? What is the name of the creature Link assisted by? What is the alternate timeline of Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask? How many Game of the Year awards did Twilight Princess receive? What label did the Wii version of Twilight Princess receive in 2011? When will the Wii U version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released? What was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series? How many Game of the Year awards did Twilight Princess receive? When was Twilight Princess released? When will the Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released? What is the main focus of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What was the name of the game that introduced the basic control scheme in The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What system allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy or important object? What weapon does Link use in combat? What weapon is similar to the Hookshot? What is the title of the Zelda: Twilight Princess? What was the name of the game that introduced the basic control scheme in The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What weapons does Link use in combat? What system allows the player to keep Link's view focused on an enemy or important object? How many buttons does the context-sensitive button allow? What does the context-sensitive button show? Where does Link place the rock? What button allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What does the context-sensitive button show? What did the Wii version of the game use? What did Midna say when she gave advice to Link? What did the Wii version of the game use? What is the name of the Wii version of Link's sword? How many of Link's secondary weapons are in the GameCube version? What did the Wii version of the game use? What did the Wii version of the game use? How many dungeons does Link have? How many dungeons does Link have? How are the dungeons connected? What is the name of the horse Link rides? How many dungeons does Link have? Who does Link fight in the dungeons? How are the dungeons connected? How does Link move in the Twilight Realm? How does Link defend? What is the name of the enemy ghosts Link hunts for? What is the name of the small imp-like creature that gives Link hints? How much faster does Link move as a wolf? How does Link move in the Twilight Realm? What is Midna? What did Link hunt for? What type of artificial intelligence is in Twilight Princess? What is the name of the game in which the artificial intelligence of enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced than those in the Wind Waker? How do enemies react to defeated companions? What type of artificial intelligence is in Twilight Princess? What does the artificial intelligence in Twilight Princess detect? How are Link's emotions indicated? Which character has the most voice acting? Who is the voice actress for Midna? What country is Akiko Kōmoto from? What does Link do when attacking or injured? How are Link's emotions indicated? Which character has the most voice acting? Who is the voice actress for Midna? What was Link working as? Who carry off the village's children? What was the name of the imp-like Twilight? How are the Tears of Light collected? Where did Link work? Who attacked Ordon Village? How are the Tears of Light collected? What did Midna find? Who leaves Midna to die from the world's light? What did Link learn he needed to return to human form? Who sacrifices herself to heal Midna? Who helps Link find the Fused Shadows? What did Midna find? Who leaves Midna to die from the world's light? What did Link learn he needed to return to human form? Who sacrifices herself to heal Midna? What is the name of the Shadow Crystal? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? Where did Link and Midna find Ganondorf? How did Ganondorf fight Link? What is the name of the Shadow Crystal? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who is the true ruler of the Twilight Realm? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? How did Ganondorf transform into a beast? What did Ganondorf do to Midna? Where is Link shown leaving? Where did Link and Zelda go to after Ganondorf died? What did Link do to Ganondorf? Who brought Midna back to life? Who is shown leaving Ordon Village heading to parts unknown? What was Midna's helmet? What is the name of the Mirror of Twilight? When did Nintendo announce that a new Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? What event did Eiji Aonuma attend in 2003? What market did Nintendo of America tell Aonuma they wanted to appeal to? What type of combat did Aonuma think could not be done in Ocarina of Time? When did Nintendo announce that a new Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? Who was the director of The Wind Waker at the Game Developers Conference? What type of combat did Aonuma think could not be done in Ocarina of Time? How long did it take for Aonuma's team to present realistic horseback riding? Where did Nintendo reveal the horseback riding trailer? What was the title of the sequel to The Wind Waker? What was the name of the sequel to The Wind Waker? When did Nintendo reveal the horseback riding trailer? What did Link transform into in the Dark World of A Link to the Past? What was the name of the game Aonuma directed? What was the code name of the Wii Remote? Who thought the Wii Remote was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? Who created the script for the story scenes? What did Miyamoto think was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? What did Aonuma work on? In what year did Aonuma release two versions of Zelda? Who developed the two versions of Zelda? In what year did Aonuma release two versions of Zelda? What was the purpose of transferring development to the Wii? When did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What did Nintendo transfer GameCube development to? When did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What did Aonuma use to control the sword? What British publication reported on the Wii controls? What controller did not make it into the GameCube release? In what year did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available at the Wii launch? How long was the GameCube release pushed back? What British publication reported on the Wii controls? At what event did Nintendo announce that both versions of Twilight Princess would be available for the Wii? What did the demo users complain about? What was the new item system used for? Who commented they would like to see a right-handed swing? What did Aonuma use to control a left-handed sword attack? What did Aonuma focus on? Who composed the game's score? Who was the sound supervisor for Twilight Princess? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who was the sound supervisor for Twilight Princess? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who conducted the ensemble? What type of music did Kondo prefer? How many people did Kondo originally want to have in the orchestra for action sequences? When were the six- and seven-track versions of the game's soundtrack released? What was the name of the company that bundled the six- and seven-track versions of the soundtrack? What prompted Kondo to consider using orchestral music for other tracks in the game? When were the six- and seven-track versions of the game's soundtrack released? What was the name of the game's soundtrack? What was discovered in the Wii version of Twilight Princess? What didELF stand for? What version of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability? What was the name of the vulnerability in Twilight Princess? Which versions of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console until circumvention methods were discovered? What version of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability? Who developed The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD is being developed for what console? When was The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD announced? When will the game be released in Australia? What is the name of the HD remaster of The Legend of Zelda? Who developed The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? What is the name of the game that will be released in North America on March 4, 2016? When will the Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released in North America and Europe? What is the name of the Wolf Link Amiibo figurine? Who replenishes arrows? Who restores Link's health? Who causes Link to take twice as much damage? What is the name of the Zelda-exclusive dungeon? What is the name of the Amiibo figurine that unlocks the Cave of Shadows? What is the name of the Zelda-exclusive dungeon? Who replenishes arrows? Who restores Link's health? What store offered a CD containing 20 musical selections? How many musical selections were available as a GameStop preorder bonus? In which countries is the CD included? How many musical selections were available as a preorder bonus in the United States? What score did Twilight Princess receive? Along with Metacritic and GameRankings, on what website did Twilight Princess receive perfect scores? Who called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? What type of acclaim did Twilight Princess receive? What score did Twilight Princess receive? What was the average score for the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who called Twilight Princess one of the greatest games ever created? Which two IGN writers criticized Twilight Princess's graphics? Who said the Wii version of Twilight Princess felt "tacked-on"? Who said the Wii version of Twilight Princess was "tacked-on"? Who praised Twilight Princess for its long quests? How long were the quests in Twilight Princess? Which two IGN writers criticized Twilight Princess's graphics? Who said the Wii controls felt "tacked-on"? Who praised Twilight Princess for its long quests? Which console version of Twilight Princess was nominated for Best Adventure Game? Where did Twilight Princess place in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? How did IGN rank Twilight Princess? How did Nintendo Power rank Twilight Princess? Who ranked Twilight Princess as the third best game to be released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s? What award did Twilight Princess receive? Where did Twilight Princess place in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? How did IGN rank Twilight Princess? What region of the world does Twilight Princess cover? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007? What region of the world does Twilight Princess cover? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the Wii as of March 31, 2011? How many copies did Twilight Princess sell on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007? Who penned and illustrated the Twilight Princess manga? In what country is the Twilight Princess manga series available? How is Twilight Princess available in Japan? How is Twilight Princess available in Japan? Who produced Spectre? Who starred in 'Spectre'? What is the name of the film produced by Eon Productions? What was the name of the second James Bond film? How much was the budget of 'Spectre'? How long isSpectre? What is the name of the film produced by Eon Productions? How many James Bond films were produced in 2015? Who distributed 'Spectre'? Who directed 'Spectre'? Who is Bond pitted against in Spectre? What was the first Eon Productions film to feature Spectre? Along with M, Q and Eve Moneypenny, who is a recurring James Bond character? Who played Mr. Hinx? Who plays Max Denbigh? Along with M, Q and Eve Moneypenny, who is a recurring James Bond character? Who plays Dr. Madeleine Swann? Who played Mr. Hinx? In what year did Bond first appear in an Eon Productions film? When was Spectre released in the UK? Where was the world premiere of Spectre held? When was Spectre released in the United States? What was Spectre praised for? What award did the theme song "Writing's on the Wall" win? Which James Bond film was not filmed with IMAX cameras? What was Spectre's theme song? During what event did Bond kill three men plotting a terrorist bombing? Who is suspended from field duty by M? Where was Mallory on a mission? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative between nine countries? Who is suspended from field duty by M? During what event did Bond kill three men plotting a terrorist bombing? Along with MI5 and MI6, what was the Joint Intelligence Service formerly known as? What does Bond steal from Marco Sciarra? Where did Bond travel to to attend Sciarra's funeral? What criminal organization did Lucia belong to? Who was the leader of Spectre? Who is Mr. Hinx? Who informs Bond that the information he collected leads to Mr. White? Where did Bond travel to to attend Sciarra's funeral? Who was the leader of Spectre? Who is the Spectre assassin? Who was the leader of Spectre? What is White dying of? Who tells Bond to find and protect his daughter? What did White do? Where did Bond find Swann? Where is L'Américain located? What is White dying of? Who is the daughter of Bond? Where is L'Américain located? Who abducts Dr. Madeline Swann? How did Bond and Swann travel to Oberhauser's base? Who was Oberhauser's father? What name did Oberhauser adopt? What name did Oberhauser adopt? Where is Bond taken? Who tells Bond he has three minutes to escape the building? Where did Blofeld's helicopter crash? Who did Bond try to stop from going online? Who succeeds in preventing the Nine Eyes from going online? Who did Bond try to stop from going online? What was SPECTRE originally known as? Who was the author of Thunderball? In what year did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the non-Eon film that Ian Fleming produced? What was the name of the second remake of Thunderball? In what year did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the non-Eon film that Ian Fleming produced? What was the name of the film that Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory fought over? When did MGM settle the issue with Danjaq? What acronym was discarded and the organisation reimagined as? Danjaq, LLC is a sister company of what production company? When did MGM and McClory settle the issue with Danjaq? When did MGM settle the issue with Danjaq? What concept did MGM acquire full copyright to? Who did MGM and McClory settle the issue with? Who was targeted by hackers in November 2014? Who targeted Sony Pictures Entertainment in November 2014? Who wrote the script for Spectre? Who issued a statement confirming the leak of an early version of the screenplay? In what month was Sony Pictures Entertainment targeted by hackers? Who wrote the script for Spectre? Who issued a statement confirming the leak of an early version of the screenplay? Who played Franz Oberhauser in Spectre? In what year did Charmian Bond become a full-time guardian? Who wrote the script for Spectre? What was introduced in Quantum of Solace as a division of Spectre? What was the name of the short story written by Hannes Oberhauser? Who is shown to have been Bond's full-time guardian? What was the name of the short story written by Hannes Oberhauser? Who played Franz Oberhauser in Spectre? In what film was the Quantum organisation introduced? What film draws on Ian Fleming's source material? What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? Who wrote Colonel Sun? What is the name of Fleming's short story about MI6? What is the short story "The Hildebrand Rarity" from? Who is the title character of Kingsley Amis' novel Colonel Sun? What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? When was the main cast revealed? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in his third appearance in the series? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in his third appearance in the series? How many appearances did Daniel Craig make as James Bond? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner in his third appearance in the series? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who was Christoph Waltz cast in? Who was cast in the role of Franz Oberhauser? Who was cast as Sévérine in Skyfall? What was Jesper Christensen's role in Quantum of Solace? How old was Monica Bellucci when she was cast as Lucia Sciarra? Who was cast as Sévérine in Skyfall? What was Jesper Christensen's role in Quantum of Solace? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was cast as Estrella? When was the pre-title sequence set in Mexico? Where was the pre-title sequence set? Where was Detlef Bothe cast? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? What was Stephanie Sigman cast as? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? Who returned as production designer for Spectre? Who took over from Hoyte van Hoytema? Which two Bond films did Mendes direct? What two Bond films did Mendes direct? What two Bond films did Mendes direct? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? How many Bond films did John Logan and Robert Wade write? Along with London, Mexico City, and Rome, where did Mendes say filming would take place? What film stock did Van Hoytema use? Where did filming begin? How long did it take for filming to begin? What film stock did Van Hoytema use? Where did filming begin? When did filming begin in Austria? When did the filming of 'Hoffler Klinik' end? Where were scenes filmed in Austria? What happened to Craig? Where were scenes filmed in Austria? Where is Hoffler Klinik located? What glacier is in Sölden? Along with the Ponte Sisto bridge and the Roman Forum, what famous bridge was used in Rome? Who developed the C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? Which car was used for a car chase in Rome? How many jet turbines did the C-X75 have? Where was Blenheim Palace located? What bridge was used in Rome? Which Aston Martin DB10 was used for a car chase in Rome? Who developed the C-X75 prototype for Jaguar? Who built the original C-X75 prototype? Where did the film's second unit move to? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? How many extras did the scene in Mexico City require? Where did the second unit move to? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? What helicopter was used in the fight in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? Where was Craig flown to? When did Craig return to Pinewood Studios? Where was Craig flown to? Where did filming temporarily close? Who was on set to simulate rain? Where did filming take place on May 17, 2015? Where was MI6 headquarters located? Where did filming temporarily close? Who was on set to simulate rain? Where were scenes involving Fiennes filmed? Where were scenes involving Craig and Seydoux filmed? Where did filming take place in Morocco? What is the Guinness World Record for the longest film stunt explosion? Who created the Guinness World Record for the longest film stunt explosion in cinematic history? How long did Spectre last? What country holds a Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion"? What is the Guinness World Record for the longest film stunt explosion? How long did Spectre last? Who created the Guinness World Record for the longest film stunt explosion in cinematic history? How much financial support did the Mexican government receive for the film? Who denied that the scene had always been intended to be shot in Mexico? Where was the pre-title sequence of Skyfall filmed? Where was the pre-title sequence of Skyfall filmed? Who returned as Spectre's composer? When was the soundtrack album released in the UK? What label released the soundtrack album in the US? Who returned as Spectre's composer? What label released the soundtrack album in the US? What did Thomas Newman do during the filming of Spectre? When was the theatrical trailer for Spectre released? What was the title of the film's title theme? How long did it take for the song to come together? What demo was used in the final release of the film? Who wrote the film's title theme? When was the song released as a digital download? What was the first Bond theme to reach number one in the UK Singles Chart? Who was the first Bond theme to reach number one in the UK Singles Chart? Which English band composed a song for the film? Who wrote the song "Skyfall"? Who was the first Bond theme to reach number one in the UK Singles Chart? Which English band composed a song for the film? Who unveiled the new DB10 as the official car for Spectre? What was the official car for Spectre? Which team carried the 007 logo on their cars? How many of the 10 DB10 were used for the film? What was the official car for Spectre? What logo did Williams F1 use on their cars? What did Skyfall release to promote the film? What film continued the trend of releasing still images of clapperboards and video blogs? Where did Eon post still images of clapperboards? What film continued the trend of releasing still images of clapperboards and video blogs? What was the purpose of the sketch? On what channel was Red Nose Day broadcast? When was the first teaser trailer for Spectre released? When was the first teaser trailer for Spectre released worldwide? What was the purpose of the sketch? Who wrote the sketch in which Craig and Whishaw appeared? Where did Spectre premiere in London? When was Spectre's world premiere in London? Which film received a wider release in the UK? What was the name of the film Paramount brought forward to avoid competing with Spectre? Why did Paramount bring forward the release of Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation? How much has Spectre grossed worldwide? How much of Spectre's takings have come from the UK? How much money has Spectre grossed worldwide? How much did 'The Dark Knight' gross in its first seven days? What is the UK record for the highest first-week opening? What was the highest-grossing IMAX release in the UK? How much did 'The Dark Knight' earn in the UK? What is the UK record for the highest first-week opening? What was the highest-grossing IMAX release in the UK? Which film broke the record for the best per-screen opening average with $110,000? What city had the second highest ticket sales of all time? How much did 'Spectre' earn in India? What was the second highest ticket sales of all time? How much did South Korea earn for 'Spectre'? What was the second highest ticket sales of all time? How long has 'Spectre' held the No. 1 spot in the Netherlands? How many theaters did Spectre open in? How much did Spectre earn in its opening weekend? How much did Spectre gross? How much did Spectre earn in its opening weekend? How many theaters did Spectre open in? On what day did Spectre earn $5.25 million? When did 'Interstellar' open in China? How much did 'Skyfall' earn in China? How much did 'Interstellar' drop in its second weekend? How much did 'Interstellar' earn in China? What was the second biggest 2D movie in China? How much did 'Interstellar' earn in China? What is the Metacritic rating for 'Spectre'? What is the rating on Metacritic? What percentage of reviews on Rotten Tomatoes were positive? Who polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A+"? How many reviews did Rotten Tomatoes give to 'Spectre'? What is the Metacritic rating for 'Spectre'? Who described Spectre as a swaggering show of confidence? Who gave Spectre a 7.2 score? How many out of five stars did Kermode give Spectre? How many out of five stars did Kermode give Spectre? Who criticized the film Spectre? Who gave the film a perfect 100 score? What rating did Richard Roeper give Spectre? What was the rating for Spectre? Who criticized the film Spectre? What did Toppman call Craig's performance? Where did Alyssa Rosenberg write? What did Toppman call Craig's performance? What organization censored kissing scenes in India? What did the CBFC do to the kissing scenes? Who will again portray Bond? When will the sequel to Spectre begin development? When will the sequel to Spectre begin development? What year was the Great Sichuan earthquake? What is another name for the Great Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Great Sichuan earthquake? What year was the Great Sichuan earthquake? What was the magnitude of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? When did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? When did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? How many people died in the Great Sichuan earthquake? Where was the Wenchuan earthquake felt? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? How long after the Wenchuan earthquake did the aftershocks continue? What is another name for the Wenchuan earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake located? How long was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? What was the focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake? How many people died in the earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people lived in the affected area? How much did the Chinese government spend to rebuild areas ravaged by the 2008 earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were homeless in Sichuan? Where was the epicenter of the earthquake? How long did the tremor last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the 2008 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? How long did the tremor last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the 2008 earthquake? Where did the Chinese earthquake occur? Where was the Longmenshan fault located? How long did the rupture last? How deep was the rupture? Where did the Chinese earthquake occur? What was the mid-fracture called? How long did the rupture last? What was the maximum displacement of the rupture? When was the report sent to the State Seismological Bureau? When was Geng Qingguo's drought-earthquake correlation theory released? What did Geng claim was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? In what Prefecture did a significant earthquake occur? On what date was the report sent to the State Seismological Bureau? What did Geng try to establish a correlation between? Who denied that the Seismological Bureau had received reports predicting an earthquake? What was the displacement of the rupture models of the earthquake? Who warned that there is a "high risk" of a major M>7 aftershock? What was the displacement of the rupture models of the earthquake? How long was the fault in the earthquake? How deep was the fault? Where were the deformations of the surface greater than 3 meters? What was Parsons' profession? How many people died in the Great Hanshin earthquake? How many stages did the earthquake occur? How long was the Longmenshan Fault? What greatly increased the severity of the earthquake? How many times did the Great Hanshin earthquake release energy? Why did Teruyuki Kato say the earthquakes traveled a long distance without losing power? How many major aftershocks were there in 2008? How long did the main quake last? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? How many major aftershocks were there in 2008? How many aftershocks were there by 12:00 CST? What was the strongest aftershock? How many aftershocks were there by 12:00 CST? On what date did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the cause of the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Which earthquake was not part of the Ms 6.1 series? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the name of the earthquake in southern Sichuan? What earthquake was not part of the Ms 6.1 series? Who published the map of earthquake intensity? What is the maximum liedu? What was the maximum liedu of XI on the China Seismic Intensity Scale? What did the USGS call the area with liedu XI? Where is Yingxiu located? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? How high was the surface slip on the Beichuan Fault? How tall was the average slip in the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? How tall was the average slip in the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? What was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? In what district of Shanghai was the Jin Mao Tower located? What did the receptionist at the Tibet Hotel say was calm? How long were workers evacuated at a Ford plant in Sichuan? Where was Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? When did Chengdu Shuangliu Airport reopen? What happened to office buildings in Shanghai's financial district? Where was Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? Why did Cathay Pacific delay both legs of its quadruple daily Hong Kong to London route? Why did Chengdu Shuangliu Airport reopen? Where did reporters see cracks on walls of some residential buildings? Where were office towers evacuated? Where did a cargo train derail? What happened to the cargo train that derailed in Hui County? What did reporters in Chengdu see on walls? What type of buildings were evacuated in Beijing? How many Olympic venues were damaged? Where did a cargo train derail? What caused the derailment of the cargo train? All of the highways into Wenchuan and others throughout the province were damaged by what? What percentage of the buildings in Beichuan County collapsed? What city is home to the Dujiangyan Irrigation System? How many students were buried in Dujiangyan? All of the highways into Wenchuan and others throughout the province were damaged by what? What caused the delay in the arrival of rescue troops? What percentage of the buildings in Beichuan County collapsed? How many chemical plants collapsed in Shifang? How many students were buried in Dujiangyan? Where did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading? What metal did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading of? What commodity dropped over speculations that demand from China would fall? What two exchanges suspended trading? Where did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading? What metal did the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspend trading of? What two exchanges suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China? What two types of telecommunications were cut after the earthquake? What was cut to the Sichuan area after the earthquake? How long did it take for the Sichuan government to restore internet service? What was cut to the Sichuan area after the earthquake? Where were all internet capabilities cut to after the earthquake? Who restored the internet in Sichuan? What were made accessible online in the Sichuan province? How many major news and media websites were accessible online after the earthquake? How many base stations were suspended? How many towers were suspended in Wenchuan? How many base stations were suspended? What was one of the reasons China Mobile was suspended? How much of the wireless communications were lost in Sichuan province? What company's service in Wenchuan and four nearby counties was cut off? How many towers were suspended? Where was the Wolong National Nature Reserve located? How many pandas live in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? How many pandas were in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? How many giant pandas are in the Wolong National Nature Reserve? What reserve was home to 280 giant pandas? How many pandas escaped after their enclosures were damaged? How many security guards were killed at the reserve? How old was Mao Mao? What is the name of the Hydropower Plant located in Zipingpu? Where is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located? How many troops have been allocated to Zipingpu? How many dams were damaged by the quake? What is the name of the Hydropower Plant located 20 km east of the epicenter? How far from the epicenter was the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant? Was the damage to the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant less severe than initially feared? What reservoir is in danger of collapse? How many dams were damaged by the quake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many relief workers were killed in landslides? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many relief workers were killed in landslides? How many people were rescued from Yingxiu? Where was Yingxiu located? How many people lived in Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were rescued from Yingxiu? How many people lived in Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many schools were toppled in Dujiangyan? What is poor in Sichuan? Who is China's Vice Minister of Health? What type of health care system in China is insufficient? What has been neglected and untouched by the earthquake? Where is health care poor? What did the Vice Minister of Health say the public health care system in China was? Who should be responsible for providing medical treatment to earthquake victims? How many schoolchildren died due to shoddy construction? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people died in Mianyang City? How many people died in Mianyang City? How many people were buried in a school in Hanwang? Why did thousands of school children die? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people died in Mianyang City? How many people died in Mianyang City? How many students died at Juyuan Elementary School? In what year did the Chinese government declare that parents who had lost their only children would get free treatment from fertility clinics? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? How many students were killed in the earthquake? How many students were disabled in the earthquake? When was the official tally of students killed in the earthquake released? Who was one of the volunteers who helped with the investigation of school casualties? How many students were killed in the earthquake? How many students were disabled in the earthquake? Where did parents who had lost their only children get free treatment? How many people were without housing in Chengdu? How many people were affected by the earthquake? How many animals were destroyed in the Chengdu earthquake? How many people were affected by the earthquake? How many people were without housing in Chengdu? How many people were affected by the earthquake? How many animals were destroyed in the Chengdu earthquake? How many animals died in Sichuan? Who is Reginald DesRoches? What is DesRoches a professor of? When was the Tangshan earthquake? When was the Tangshan earthquake? What kind of team was dispatched to the region after the earthquake? What was the purpose of the reconnaissance team? What was one of the reasons why many constructions failed to withstand the earthquake? What team was dispatched to the region to make a preliminary survey of damaged buildings? What was the purpose of the reconnaissance team? How many reasons did the reconnaissance team have for the failure of constructions? What type of villages were the hardest hit by the earthquake? Who is an assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology? Where did the earthquake occur? How were many of the buildings in China built? What do building codes in China take care of? What were many of the buildings in China not built with? What was the estimated economic loss of Sichuan? How much damage did Sichuan suffer from the earthquake? What was the estimated economic loss of Sichuan? What is one of the costliest natural disasters in Chinese history? How many cities in Sichuan were damaged by the earthquake? How many homes were destroyed in the Ningqiang County earthquake? What was the magnitude of the May 25 aftershock? How many people died in the Qingchuan County aftershock? How many homes were destroyed in the Ningqiang County earthquake? How many people were injured in the Ningqiang County earthquake? How many people died in the Qingchuan earthquake? Who was the executive vice governor in 2008? How many homes had been rebuilt after the earthquake? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many households were still without permanent shelter after the earthquake? Who was the executive vice governor in 2008? How many people died in the 2008 earthquake? How many homes had been rebuilt after the earthquake? How many homes were rebuilt after the earthquake? How many households were still without permanent shelter? Who flew to the earthquake area to oversee rescue work? What field of study did Wen Jiabao have? What did Wen Jiabao oversee? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send to Wenchuan County? How long after the earthquake did Hu Jintao say the disaster response would be rapid? How many medical teams did the Ministry of Health send to Wenchuan County? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send to Wenchuan County? Why did the soldiers find it difficult to get help to the rural regions? What is the Level II emergency contingency plan? What class of natural disasters does the Level II emergency contingency plan cover? When did the Level II emergency contingency plan rise to Level I? What is the Level II emergency contingency plan? What class of natural disasters does the Level II emergency contingency plan cover? What is the name of the emergency contingency plan created by the National Disaster Relief Commission? Who initiated a Level II emergency contingency plan? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people were on the earthquake relief team? How many people from the Beijing Military Area Command were on the emergency relief team? How many military transport planes did the relief team travel in? What did an article in the China Digital Times report about an alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the Chinese construction engineer known as online? What newspaper reported a close analysis of an alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the Chinese construction engineer known as online? What day did many parents go to the rubble to mourn for their children? Where did the surviving children live? What kind of ceremonies were performed on Children's Day? Where did parents go on Children's Day? When was Children's Day celebrated? Where did the children live after the earthquake? How much has Central State-owned enterprises donated to the disaster area? How much did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much money has Central State-owned enterprises donated to the disaster area? How much did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much money did China receive? How many countries contributed to China's rescue efforts? How many countries contributed to China's rescue efforts? Who was the largest aid donor to China? How much money did Saudi Arabia provide to China? How many countries contributed to China's rescue efforts? Who was the largest aid donor to China? How many countries contributed to China's rescue efforts? What did the State Council establish in 2008? How long did the counterpart support plan last? What is the counterpart support plan? How many counties did the counterpart support plan help? How long did the counterpart support plan last? How much did the counterpart support plan cost? What could have caused a violent rupture in the Sichuan fault? What was the name of the dam that may have triggered the earthquake? How many times more of natural stress did the earthquake cause? Who disregarded warnings about large dam projects in a seismically active area? What type of seismically active area did the government ignore? What have researchers been denied? What did the 2008 Sichuan earthquake allow researchers to do? What year did the Sichuan earthquake occur? What method was used to predict the time of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What did the geologists collect to establish a time prediction method? What did Zhang Xiaodong restate? What did Zhang Xiaodong state was a global issue? What did Zhang Xiaodong state was a global issue? What did Zhang Xiaodong state was a global issue? What did Gary Gibson not see that could be regarded as having predicted the earthquake's occurrence? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? When did Chen Xuezhong publish a Seismic Risk Analysis study? What was Chen Xuezhong's estimate of the magnitude of an earthquake? How long did the Sichuan earthquake last? How long did the Sichuan earthquake last? Is there a consensus within the scientific community that earthquake prediction is possible? What could be used to determine whether or not the earthquake could have been predicted in advance? What is not yet established science? What was the name of the fire department from Taiwan? How many Tibetan villagers were stranded in the village of Sier? Why did the Red Cross Society of China say it was inconvenient to join the rescue effort? What did the Red Cross Society of China recommend? What threatened the progress of the search and rescue group? What was the Tibetan village of Sier? What was the cause of the landslides in Wenchuan? How many helicopters were deployed at the start of rescue operations? How many troops joined the rescue effort? How many people were found in Yingxiu Town? How many Special Operations Troops parachuted into inaccessible Mao County? What was the cause of the heavy rains in Wenchuan County? How many helicopters were deployed at the start of rescue operations? How many troops joined the rescue effort? How many people were found in Yingxiu Town? How many people were found in Yingxiu Town? How many helicopters did Wen Jiabao order? How many helicopters were to be deployed by the PLAAF? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? How many helicopters were to be deployed in relief operations? How many helicopters were to be deployed in relief operations? How many helicopters were to be deployed by the PLAAF? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? What was the largest non-combat airlifting operation in People's Liberation Army history? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? Where did the Tzu Chi Foundation come from? When did Beijing accept the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation? Who was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort? How did China respond to the aid of Tzu Chi? How did China respond to the earthquake? Who made the flight from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? When did China Airlines depart Taipei for Chengdu? When was the Mandarin Airlines flight to Chengdu scheduled to depart? What type of flight was made by China Airlines? Where was China Airlines from? Where did China Airlines depart from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport? What rescue team was sent to Chengdu? Where did China Airlines depart from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport? What did the US share with Chinese authorities? How many US troops were involved in the rescue effort? How many Chinese troops were involved in the rescue effort? On what date did South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Russia, and Taiwan join the rescue effort? What did the US share with Chinese authorities? What kind of supplies did the US send into China? How many Chinese troops were involved in the rescue effort? What was used for passing information to aid rescue and recovery efforts? What did Xinhua set up? Why did Xinhua set up an online rescue request center? Where did the rescue helicopters crash? What was used for passing information to aid rescue and recovery efforts? Who set up an online rescue request center? Who proposed a landing spot online? What did volunteers set up on websites to help store? When did a rescue helicopter crash in Wenchuan county? What did China observe on May 12, 2009? What county seat did the government open access to? How long did it take for the government to open the sealed ruins of the Beichuan county seat? What did China observe on May 12, 2009? What is the purpose of the Beichuan county seat? What did people do to raise money for the survivors of the quake? What was the purpose of the museum? What type of blood did people donate after the earthquake? Who set up accounts in China? Where did people come from to donate blood after the earthquake? What type of blood did people donate after the earthquake? What type of booths were set up in schools, banks, and around gas stations? How did people donate blood after the earthquake? How much money had the Chinese government allocated for earthquake relief? How many tents did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society of China fly? How much did the Red Cross Society of China send to Wenchuan County? Where did the Red Cross Society of China fly 557 tents and 2,500 quilts? How many tents have the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provided? Who flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts? How much has the Amity Foundation earmarked for disaster relief? How many tents have the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provided? How many tents have the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provided? Which foundation has already begun relief work in the region? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What do Chinese citizens call tofu-dregs schoolhouses? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What do Chinese citizens call tofu-dregs schoolhouses? What can illegal children in Sichuan be registered as? What was the name of the four-hour program hosted by CCTV-1? Who was the round-the-clock coverage anchor of The Giving of Love? How many Chinese Yuan were donated to the victims? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the victims? What was the name of Jackie Chan's music video? What was the name of the four-hour program hosted by CCTV-1? How much did the Chinese Yuan donate to the victims? Who hosted a special four-hour program called The Giving of Love? How much did Jackie Chan donate to the victims? What was the name of Jackie Chan's music video? What did a professor at Peking University say about China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? What was Burma's blockage of during Cyclone Nargis? How did the Chinese media react to the Sichuan earthquake? Which newspaper praised China's media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? When was the Tangshan earthquake? What was the name of the lake that formed behind the blockages? How many lakes formed due to the blocking of rivers? How many lakes formed after the 2008 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? What caused many rivers to become blocked? What was the name of the lake that formed behind the blockages? How many lakes formed due to the blocking of rivers? How many villages had to be evacuated due to the flooding? Where was Mount Tangjia located? How was Mount Tangjia accessible? What was the purpose of the Mi-26T heavy lift helicopter? How many people were evacuated from Mianyang by June 1? Why were the people evacuated from Mianyang? Where was the most precarious of the earthquakes? Where was Mount Tangjia located? How many soldiers arrived on site by foot? Who declared a three-day period of national mourning for the quake victims? What did the State Council declare after the earthquake? Who died in the 2008 earthquake? When did the State Council declare a three-day period of national mourning? What type of cars came to a halt on Beijing's roads? How long was the national mourning period? Where was the Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? What was the route of the torch through the country scaled down? Where did the next leg of the torch begin? What color was Sina.com and Sohu's home page? What did Sina.com and Sohu do? What gaming site shut down after the earthquake? How did the crowd react to the silence? Which casino closed down in Macau? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? How many pupils did the Sangzao Middle School save? How many pupils attended Sangzao Middle School? How much money did Ye Zhiping get from the county education department? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? Where is Ye Zhiping's school located? What county is Sangzao Middle School located in? How long did Ye Zhiping oversee a major overhaul of his school? What was the purpose of the inquiry? What safety checks were to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake? Who has joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools? What did Chinese prosecutors prepare for possible investigations into? Where were safety checks carried out after the May earthquake? Who has joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools? How did the government try to get parents to sign a document? Who broke up protests by parents? Who said they are investigating the collapses? What did the government try to limit? How did the government try to get parents to sign a document? What happened to parents who refused to sign the document? What did the Chinese government order the news media to do? Who was detained on June 25, 2008? What was Liu Shaokun being investigated for? What was Liu Shaokun's occupation? What crime did Liu Shaokun commit? Where did Liu take photos of collapsed school buildings? How long was Liu Shaokun ordered to serve? How long was Liu Shaokun ordered to serve? In what year was Tan Zuoren sentenced to prison? When was Tan Zuoren sentenced? What was Tan Zuoren's goal? Who requested the support of the international community? How did foreign nations respond to the earthquake? On what date did China formally request the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? Who reported that China requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? What was the magnitude of the quake? How much did Yao Ming donate to the Red Cross Society of China? How much money has the Red Cross Society collected so far? How much money had been donated by the Chinese public by May 14? Who donated 10.7 billion yuan? Who gave $214,000 to the Red Cross Society of China? How many people have donated to the Red Cross Society of China? How did Marcus describe the Chinese rescue effort? How did China react to the disaster in Burma? How did Burma react to the earthquake? How long did Cyclone Nargis last in Burma? What organization did Francis Marcus belong to? What did Mainland Chinese television stations replace their cancelled programmes with? Where did the live earthquake footage from? What happened to pay television channels such as Channel V? What was the Chinese government's response to the earthquake? What scandal caused an erosion in confidence in the Chinese government? What was the Chinese government initially praised for? What have the parents accused local officials and builders of? What did the parents of children lost in Sichuan complain about? What was discouraged from being published in the media? What type of media has largely ignored the issue? What is the name of the propaganda bureau in the state-controlled media? Who reported that the state-controlled media has largely ignored the issue? Why are shoddily constructed buildings called "tofu buildings"? What did builders replace steel rods with? Who did not check to see if it met the national standards? Who has still not been brought to justice? What is the name of the families who lost their only child? What did the government warn parents to not do? Who warned parents not to stage a protest under the threat of arrest? What is the name of the family who lost their only child? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the United States? What is the most populous city in the US? What is the most populous city in the US? How many boroughs are in New York City? In what year was New York City consolidated into a single city? What was the population of New York City in 2014? How many square miles is New York City? How many people live in the Combined Statistical Area? How many boroughs are in New York City? What boroughs are in New York City? In what year was New York City consolidated into a single city? What was the population of New York City in 2014? How many languages are spoken in New York? What was the original name of New York City? Who founded New York City? When did New York become the capital of the United States? In what year did the English control New York City? When did New York become the capital of the United States? In what year was New York City founded? In what year was New York City named New Amsterdam? In what year did the English control New York City? When did New York become the capital of the United States? How many tourists visited New York in 2014? How many subway stations are in New York City? Where is Wall Street located? How many colleges and universities are in New York City? What are the two largest stock exchanges in the world? Along with Long Island and Staten Island, what island was split up by the ice sheet? During what glaciation was the New York City region situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth? How deep was the New York City region during the Wisconsinan glaciation? What was the Lenape's homeland called? In what year did Giovanni da Verrazzano visit New York Harbor? Who was the first European to visit New York? What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano claim the area for? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano call the New York Harbor? In what year did Giovanni da Verrazzano visit New York Harbor? What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship? What did Giovanni da Verrazzano claim the area for? When did Estêvão Gomes arrive in New York Harbor? Who led the Spanish expedition to New York Harbor? What nationality was Estêvão Gomes? Who was Estêvão Gomes sailing for? What was the name of Estêvão Gomes' caravel? What did Estêvão Gomes name the mouth of the Hudson River? What was the name of the first map to show the North American East coast? Who re-discovered the region in 1609? Who claimed the Northwest Passage to the Orient? In what year did Henry Hudson claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? How long did Henry Hudson explore the area? What was the name of the river that Henry Hudson named? Who claimed the Northwest Passage to the Orient? In what year did Henry Hudson claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? Who re-discovered the region in 1609? Where was Juan Rodriguez born? What was Juan Rodriguez's Dutch name? What nationality was the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? What is Broadway named in his honor? When did Juan Rodriguez arrive in Manhattan? Who was the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? What street is named for Juan Rodriguez? Where was the Dutch fur trading settlement located? Where was the Fort Amsterdam located? In what year did construction begin on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island? Who was the Dutch colonial Director-General? In what year did Minuit purchase the island of Manhattan? In what year did the permanent European presence in New Netherland begin? In what year did construction begin on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island? How much did the Canarsie purchase in 1626? What was the new name given to New York? Who was the Duke of York later known as? Who surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed? What position did Peter Stuyvesant hold? In what year did Peter Stuyvesant surrender New Amsterdam? Who surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed? Who was the Prince of Orange? When did the Dutch take over New York from England? What was the new name given to the colony of New York? When did the Dutch return New York to England? Who took over the colony of New York from England? Who took over the colony of New York in 1673? Who was the Prince of Orange? What war ended in the Second Anglo-Dutch War? What was the Lenape population in 1700? What was the name of the island that the English gained in North America? What was the Lenape population in 1700? What war ended in the Second Anglo-Dutch War? What percentage of households in New York held slaves by 1730? What other city had more slaves than New York? Where is the federal courthouse located? What was the name of the new federal courthouse built in the 1990s? What other city had more slaves than New York? When was the African Burying Ground discovered? When was the trial of John Peter Zenger? Where did the Stamp Act Congress meet? In what year was Columbia University founded? Who founded Columbia University? What was the name of the college founded by King George II? Where was the trial of John Peter Zenger? In what year was Columbia University founded? Where did the Stamp Act Congress meet? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? Where did the Battle of Long Island take place? When was the Battle of Long Island fought? How many escaped slaves crowded into Long Island during the war? In what year did the British evacuate Long Island? What was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War? Where did the Battle of Long Island take place? In what year did the British evacuate Long Island? On what date did the Conference House occur? Who was the British general at the Conference House? What caused the Great Fire of New York? Where did the Great Fire of New York occur? What church was destroyed in the Great Fire of New York? Who was the British general at the Conference House? What caused the Great Fire of New York? In what year did the Congress of the Confederation make New York the national capital? Who was the first President of the United States? Where was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? Where was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? What city surpassed New York as the largest city in the US? Who made New York the capital of the United States? What was the name of the national capital of the United States in 1785? In what year was George Washington inaugurated? In what year was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? When was New York State's gradual abolition act? Where did the free-black population develop? Who founded the African Free School? In what year was slavery completely abolished in New York? How many black people lived in New York in 1840? When was New York State's gradual abolition act? In what year was slavery completely abolished in New York? What plan was adopted in 1811? In what year was the Erie Canal completed? Who supported Tammany Hall? Who supported Tammany Hall? In what year was the Erie Canal completed? What was the name of the first landscaped park in an American city? What year did Central Park become the first landscaped park in an American city? What year did Central Park become the first landscaped park in an American city? What event brought a large influx of Irish immigrants to New York? How many Irish immigrants lived in New York by 1860? How much of New York's population was Irish by 1860? What percentage of New York's population were Germans in 1860? What had disrupted societies in Germany? What event brought a large influx of Irish immigrants to New York? How many Irish immigrants lived in New York by 1860? Who was the mayor of New York in 1861? How much was the commutation fee in 2016? What was the most visible ethnic group in the Draft Riots of 1863? How many people were killed in the Draft Riots? What was the black population in Manhattan in 1865? What was burned in the Draft Riots? In what year was the modern City of New York formed? In what year did the subway open? The County of New York included parts of which Bronx? In what year did the subway open? In what year did the steamship General Slocum fire? How many people were on the General Slocum when it caught fire? How many garment workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many people died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? What union grew after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many garment workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? How many non-white people lived in New York in 1890? What period of literary and cultural life flourished during the era of Prohibition? How many non-white people lived in New York in 1890? What was the first megacity in human history? What was the first megacity in human history? Who was elected mayor of New York after eighty years of political dominance? How many years of political dominance did Tammany Hall have? What was the first megacity in human history? When was the United Nations Headquarters completed? What city became the center of the art world? New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world precipitated what? What organization was completed in 1952? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? When did the Stonewall riots take place? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? What was the result of the riots? Where was the Stonewall Inn located? In what year did New York's population reach all-time highs? In what year did New York's population reach all-time highs? What was the name of the new area that emerged in New York City in the 1990s? In what decade did New York's crime rate begin to drop? In what decade did job losses occur in New York City? In what decade did job losses occur in New York City? How many terrorists were associated with Al-Qaeda? Which airline piloted American Airlines Flight 11 into the North Tower of World Trade Center? How many civilians were killed in the 9/11 attacks? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How tall is One World Trade Center? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How many terrorists were involved in the 9/11 attacks? How many terrorists were associated with Al-Qaeda? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Where did the Occupy Wall Street protests take place? Where is Zuccotti Park located? Where is Zuccotti Park located? When did the Occupy Wall Street protests begin? Who founded the National Review? When was the National Review founded? Who was the Republican presidential candidate for the 2016 election? What political party did Donald Trump belong to? In what region of the United States is New York City located? Where is New York City located? What city is halfway between Washington, D.C. and New York City? The Hudson River feeds into what ocean? What river feeds into New York City? What river feeds into New York City? What ocean feeds into New York City? How many islands are in New York City? The Hudson River separates New York from which US state? Which river separates most of Manhattan from the Bronx? What is the only entirely fresh water river in the city? Where does the Hudson River flow through? Where is Troy located? The Hudson River separates New York from which US state? What is the only entirely fresh water river in the city? Which river separates most of Manhattan from the Bronx? What is the name of the city in which reclamation is most prominent in Lower Manhattan? How many square miles is Staten Island? How many square miles is Staten Island? How many square miles of Staten Island is water? What is the highest point in Staten Island? Where is Todt Hill located? How many square miles is Staten Island? How many square miles is Staten Island? How many square miles of Staten Island is water? What is the highest point in Staten Island? How high is Todt Hill on Staten Island? What is the name of the saltbox style building in New York? Where is the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House located? What is the name of the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan? Where is Ground Zero located? The oldest section of the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House dates to what year? What is the name of the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan? How many high-rise buildings were in New York City in 2011? Which city has the tallest skyscrapers in the world? How many high-rise buildings were in New York City in 2011? When was the Woolworth Building built? How many skyscrapers are in New York City? Which city has the tallest skyscrapers in the world? How many high-rise buildings were in New York City in 2011? When was the Empire State Building built? What style of architecture is the Chrysler Building? Where are the eagles located? What is a notable example of the international style in the United States? What organization awarded the Condé Nast Building an award? What is the name of the bird found at the corners of the 61st floor of the Chrysler Building? When was the Empire State Building built? When was the Chrysler Building built? Where is Riverdale located? Where is Ditmas Park located? Where is Douglaston located? When did the rapid expansion of New York City begin? Along with the Tudor Revival, what architectural style is common in New York City? What type of rowhouses are often used in New York's large residential districts? In what year did the Great Fire occur? How many stories were the water towers required to be on? In what area of Richmond did Garden apartments become popular in the 1920s? What two materials became the city's building materials of choice? What is a distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings? In what year did the United States Geological Survey release an updated analysis of seismic hazard? How many boroughs are in New York City? How many boroughs are in New York City? How many boroughs are in New York City? What type of climate does New York City have? What is the average amount of sunshine in New York City? How many hours of sunshine does New York City get per annum? What type of climate does New York City have? What is the Köppen climate classification? What type of climate does New York City have? What is the average amount of sunshine in New York City? What USDA plant hardiness zone does New York City fall under? What part of the Appalachians provide partial shielding from colder air? What is the daily mean temperature in January? What is the average humidity level in Cincinnati? What is the average daytime temperature in Cincinnati? On what date was the hottest temperature recorded in Cincinnati? What is the average temperature in February of 1934? In what year was the hottest temperature recorded in the city? In what year was the hottest temperature recorded in the city? How many inches of precipitation does New York receive each year? What is the average winter snowfall in New York? When did Hurricane Sandy hit New York? How much precipitation does New York receive each year? What hurricane brought a destructive storm surge to New York City? What is the average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010? Who operates the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation? Who operates the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation? Who operates the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation? What city had the second best park system in the U.S.? Where did the Trust for Public Land rank the park system in 2013? What city had the second best park system in the U.S.? How many acres is the Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in the Gateway National Recreation Area? Where is Fort Tilden located? Where is Fort Tilden located? What is the name of the bay in the Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres isGateway National Recreation Area? Who manages the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? What is the name of the General Grant National Memorial? Where is the Stonewall Inn located? What movement did the Stonewall Inn lead to? Who manages the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? Where are the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? Where are the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum located? Where is the Stonewall Inn located? What is the name of the General Grant National Memorial? How many state parks are in New York City? How many acres is Riverbank State Park? How tall is Riverbank State Park? How many state parks are in New York City? How tall is Riverbank State Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in the city? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in the city? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? What is the name of the U.S. military's only active duty installation in the city? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where is Fort Hamilton located? What division of the U.S. Army is based at Fort Hamilton? The 1179th Transportation Brigade houses what military unit? What is the name of the U.S. military's only active duty installation in the city? When was Fort Hamilton established? Where is Fort Hamilton located? Where is Fort Totten located? What is the estimated population of New York City? What is the second most populous U.S. city? How many people lived in New York City between April 2010 and July 2014? What is New York City's population? What is New York City's population? What is the estimated population of New York City? What is the second most populous U.S. city? What is the population of New York City? What was Manhattan's population density in 2014? What is Manhattan's population density per square mile? Which county has the highest population density in the United States? What was the population of Atlantic City in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was black in 2010? What is the fastest growing segment of the city's population? What percentage of the city's population was Hispanic in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? What was the population of Atlantic City in 2010? When did the number of blacks decline for the first time? What is the fastest growing segment of the city's population? What percentage of the city's population was black in 2010? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? Where was the term "melting pot" first coined? What was the largest immigrant group in 1900? What percentage of the city's population were whites in 1940? What is the largest immigrant group in the city? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? How many European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 18 and 1924? What percentage of New York's population is foreign born? What country had the largest number of foreign born people in New York in 2011? How many Bangladeshi immigrants live in New York? In 2011, which country had the largest number of foreign born people? How much of New York's population is foreign born? Which borough is home to the largest Asian American population? Where is Chinatown located? In 2012, what percentage of New York City was of Chinese ethnicity? Which borough is home to the largest Asian American population? What percentage of New York City's population is Asian? How many non-Hispanic white people live in New York City? How many non-Hispanic white people live in Houston? How many Russian Americans live in New York City? How many Greek and French Americans live in New York City? Where are Albanian Americans most concentrated? How many non-Hispanic white people live in New York City? How many Indian Americans live in New York City? How many Jews lived in New York City in 2012? What percentage of the nation's Indian Americans live in New York City? How many Hispanic people live in New York City? How many Chinatowns are in New York City? What was the population of New York City in 2013? What country had the highest number of legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? What country had the highest number of legal immigrants in New York City in 2013? Along with El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala, what country had a resurgence in Puerto Rican migration in 2013? Which countries were the top source for legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? How many people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How long did it take for same-sex marriages in New York to take place? How many people live in the New York metropolitan area? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How long did it take for same-sex marriages in New York to take place? What percentage of New York City's public schoolchildren are Christian? What percentage of New York City's public schoolchildren practice Catholicism? How many Jews live in New York City? Where do over half of Jews live in New York City? What religion ranks third in New York City? What is the most prevalently practiced religion in New York? What is the most prevalently practiced religion in New York? Where do over half of Jews live in New York City? How many self-identified with no organized religious affiliation in 2014? What religion ranks third in New York City? What is the Gini Coefficient? What is the average weekly wage in New York County? Who was the mayor of New York City in 2013? What was the density of millionaires per capita in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What is the average weekly wage in New York County? What is another name for Silicon Alley? Who published the first Global Economic Power Index? In what year did the Port of New York and New Jersey handle record cargo volume? In what year did New York City top the first Global Economic Power Index? How many private sector jobs are in New York City? What magazine ranked New York City first among cities across the globe in attracting foreign investment? What was the total value of all New York City property in 2015? What was the value of the Time Warner Center in 2006? How much did 450 Park Avenue sell for in 2007? How much did the sale of 450 Park Avenue cost? How many of the top ten zip codes in the United States were in Manhattan in 2014? What is the highest-listed market value in the city? What was the June 2007 sale of 660 Madison Avenue? What is the name of New York City's top global center for advertising? How many people work in the fashion industry? How much in annual wages does the fashion industry provide? What is the name of the global advertising agency? How many people work in the fashion industry? What are the names of the global advertising agencies? How many people work in food processing? How much money does the food processing industry make? What industry is showing a resurgence in Brooklyn? How much money does New York City export each year? Where is the "Chocolate District" located? Where is Godiva headquartered? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? What is New York City's leading specialty-food export? Who is one of the world's largest chocolatiers? How many jobs were in the securities industry in August 2013? What percentage of private sector jobs were in New York City in 2012? How much of the city's tax revenue comes from the securities industry? What is the average salary in New York City? How much of the city's total wages are in the financial sector? What is the largest segment of the city's financial sector? What industry generated 19% of New York State's tax revenue in 2013? Where is the NASDAQ located? How much did investment banking fees on Wall Street cost in 2012? How much of New York State's tax revenue came from Wall Street's securities industry? Who took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate in July 2013? What industry generated 19% of New York State's tax revenue in 2013? Where is the NASDAQ located? How many square feet of office space was in Manhattan in 2015? How many square feet of office space did Midtown Manhattan have in 2015? How many square feet of office space did Manhattan contain in 2015? Where is Verizon Communications located? Where is Verizon Communications located? How much was the fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade in 2014? How many employees were in the tech sector in 2014? How many employees were in the tech sector in 2014? What was the name of the institute that Bloomberg chose to build? How much did Bloomberg pay for Cornell University and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology? Where is Cornell Tech located? How much money did Accelerator raise in 2014? How many square feet is the Alexandria Center for Life Science? What is the name of the graduate school of applied sciences built by Bloomberg and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology? How many tourists visited New York City in 2011? How many tourists visited New York City in 2011? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How much did tourism generate for New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2011? What is the state song of New York? In what year was I Love New York first used? Who owns the trademarked logo? What is the state song of New York? In what year was I Love New York first used? What is the state song of New York? Where is the Halloween Parade held? What Macy's parade is celebrated on Thanksgiving Day? Where is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day parade? Where are free performances in Central Park? Where is the Unisphere located? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York in October 2014? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group pay for the Waldorf Astoria New York? How much did the Anbang Insurance Group pay for the Waldorf Astoria? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York in October 2014? How much did the Waldorf Astoria cost? How many feature films are produced in New York City each year? How many people work in New York City? How much money did New York City generate in direct expenditures in 2012? Which city surpassed New York as the top North American city for film production in 2013? Which record label has its headquarters in New York City? What is the largest media market in North America? How many of the world's top eight global advertising agencies have their headquarters in New York? How many people work in the publishing industry? Which newspaper has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? Which newspaper has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? When was the New York Daily News founded? Who founded the New York Post? How many consumer magazines have an office in New York? How many consumer magazines have an office in the city? How many consumer magazines have an office in New York? Which newspaper has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? When was the New York Daily News founded? Along with ABC, CBS, and NBC, what major American television network is based in New York? What is the name of the public broadcast service in New York? What cable network is based in New York? What cable network is based in New York? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the US? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the name of the city's major public television station? What is the name of the public radio station owned by the city? In what year did WNYC become a public radio station? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the US? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the name of the public radio station owned by the city? Who manages the New York City Public Schools? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many specialized high schools are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools? How many specialized high schools are in the New York City Public Schools system? What organization assists the setup of new charter schools? How many privately run secular and religious schools are in the city? How many students are in the City University of New York (CUNY)? How many Manhattan residents had a postgraduate degree in 2005? How many Manhattan residents had a postgraduate degree in 2005? How many colleges are in the CUNY system? How many students are enrolled in New York City's higher education institutions? What is the name of the largest library system in the United States? What is the name of the nation's second largest public library system? What is the name of the nation's second largest public library system? What is the name of the public library in Brooklyn? Where does the New York Public Library serve? Who operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City? How many acute care hospitals does HHC operate? How much money does the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation earn? How many patients does HHC serve? How many uninsured city residents are employed by HHC? When was HHC created? How many acute care hospitals does HHC operate? What is the most well-known hospital in the HHC system? Who is the president of HHC? What is the most well-known hospital in the HHC system? What is the most well-known hospital in the HHC system? Who is the president of HHC? In what state is the Cook County health system located? Who is Ramanathan Raju? How many sworn officers are in the New York City Police? What is the nickname given to members of the New York City Police Department? What is the largest police force in the United States? How many sworn officers are in the New York City Police? What is the nickname given to members of the New York City Police Department? How many murders did New York have in 2014? How much did violent crime in New York City decrease from 1993 to 2005? What city had the highest crime rate in 2002? In what year did New York City record fewer than 500 homicides? How many murders did New York have in 2014? What percentage of all shooting victims in New York City were black or Hispanic? What two groups were associated with organized crime in New York City? Who dominated the Mafia in the 20th century? Where did the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards live? What is another name for the Black Spades? What is the largest fire department in the world? What is the name of the fire department in New York City? What is the FDNY's motto? What is the name of the fire department in New York City? What city has the largest fire department in the world? How many uniformed firefighters work for the FDNY? How many uniformed firefighters are employed by the FDNY? What is the FDNY's motto? What is one of the largest subway systems in the world? What type of fires can be caused by large parks and wooded areas? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? When did jazz begin in New York? When did hip hop begin in New York? What is the name of the cultural movement that began in New York? What type of music did New York have in the 1940s? 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How many people attended the 2013-2014 Broadway season? How many restaurants are inspected by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene? How many mobile food vendors are in New York City? How many restaurants are inspected by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene? Who assigns letter grades to the city's 24,000 restaurants? How many haute cuisine restaurants are in New York City? When was the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What are the names of the most expensive stadiums in the world? What are two of the most famous sporting venues in the world? When was the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What league is located in New York City? How many professional leagues are in New York City? How many major professional teams have played in New York City? How many pennants have been won by New York teams? How many pennants have been won by New York teams? How many pennants have been won by New York teams? How many Major League Baseball World Series have been played in New York? How many pennants have been won by New York teams? How many Major League Baseball World Series have been held in New York? How many Major League Baseball World Series have been played in New York? How many World Series have been played in New York? What is the name of the World Series in which two New York City teams play each other? Where do the Giants and Jets play their home games? In what year did Super Bowl XLVIII take place? Which team plays in the National Football League? Where do the Giants and Jets play their home games? Where is MetLife Stadium located? What Super Bowl did MetLife Stadium host in 2014? In what year did Super Bowl XLVIII take place? Which two teams represent the city in the National Hockey League? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? What league do the New York Islanders and New York Rangers belong to? Which team represents the city in the National Hockey League? What are the names of the city's National Basketball Association teams? What is the name of the city's women's National Basketball Association team? In what year was the first national college-level basketball championship held? What is the name of the city's women's National Basketball Association team? What is the name of the first college-level basketball championship? In what year was the first national college-level basketball championship held? What is the name of the city's National Basketball Association team? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is the name of the annual track and field meet in New York? What is the last, longest and oldest of horse racing's Triple Crown races? In what years did New York host the PGA Championships? Where are the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held? Where is the National Tennis Center located? What is one of the world's four Grand Slam tennis tournaments? How many finishers were in the 2004-2006 New York Marathon? What is the name of the annual track and field meet in New York? Where are the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves held? What street version of baseball was popularized by youths in the 1930's? What street was renamed Stickball Boulevard in the Bronx in the late 2000s? Where is Stickball Boulevard located? What is the largest rapid transit system in the world? How many stations are in the New York City Subway? What is the world's largest railway station by number of train platforms? How many passengers ride the New York City Subway in 2014? What is the world's largest railway station by number of train platforms? What is the average daily commute in New York City? What percentage of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using mass transit? What percentage of Manhattanites don't have a car? What percentage of New Yorkers commute to work using mass transit in 2005? What percentage of commuters drive automobiles to their workplace? What is the average daily commute in New York City? What percentage of households in New York City do not have a car? What percentage of Manhattanites do not have a car? What is the name of the main bus terminal in New York City? How many people use the Port Authority Bus Terminal? How many people use the Port Authority Bus Terminal? What is the name of the main bus terminal in New York City? What are the three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area? What is the name of the busiest airport in New York? What is the name of the busiest airport in New York? Where is Stewart International Airport located? How many travelers used the three airports in New York in 2012? What is the world's busiest ferry route? How many hours a day does the Staten Island Ferry run? How long is the Staten Island Ferry? How many hours a day does the Staten Island Ferry run? How many passengers are on the Staten Island Ferry? What is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is an icon of the city itself? When was the first steel-wire suspension bridge opened? What is the busiest motor vehicle bridge in the world? Where does the George Washington Bridge connect to? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is the architectural style of the Brooklyn Bridge? When was the first steel-wire suspension bridge opened? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? When did the Holland Tunnel open? When was the Queens-Midtown Tunnel completed? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? How many vehicles does the Lincoln Tunnel carry? What river does the Lincoln Tunnel run through? Where is the Holland Tunnel located? The Holland Tunnel connects Lower Manhattan to what city? Who was the first person to drive through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel? How many daily cyclists are in New York? How many daily cyclists are in New York? What percentage of all modes of travel account for trips in the city? Who sponsored the introduction of 10,000 public bicycles in the summer of 2013? What university conducted research on the bike-share project? What did Walk Score call New York City? New York City is supplied with drinking water by what watershed? New York City is supplied with drinking water by which mountains? How much is the Croton Watershed projected to cost? How many gallons of water does the Croton Watershed have? What percentage of New York City's water is used for water purification? Where is the Croton Watershed located? How many members are on the City Council? How long does the term of the mayor and council members last? How long are the terms of the mayor and council members? How many members are on the City Council? How long does the term of the mayor and council members last? What is the code of local laws, compilation of regulations, and official journal? How long are the terms of the mayor and council members? What party holds the majority of public offices in New York City? What percentage of registered voters in New York City are Democrats? Who became the first candidate of any party to receive more than 80% of the overall vote in New York City? In what year did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? Who won the five boroughs in 1924? What party holds the majority of public offices in New York City? What percentage of registered voters in New York City are Democrats? In what year did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? How many boroughs did Calvin Coolidge win? What political party has been in New York City since 1924? How many licensed physicians were practicing in New York City in 2012? Where is the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology located? How many Nobel laureates have roots in New York City? How many emergency room visits does HHC provide each year? How many emergency room visits does HHC provide each year? How many emergency room visits does HHC provide each year? How much of all general hospital discharges are treated by HHC facilities? How much of all hospital discharges are treated by HHC facilities? What can lower intelligence and increase aggression levels? What is the term used to describe the end of the crack epidemic? Who described New York as "Culture just seems to be in the air"? What library showcased New York's culture capital of the world? What college is located in New York City? What country has diplomatic consulates in New York City? Where is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? Where is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? Where is the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute located? Where is the Tisch School of the Arts located? Where is SummerStage located? Where is the Museum Mile located? Where is the Museum Mile located? When was the Museum at 110th Street built? When did the Museum at 110th Street open? Where is Museum Mile located? What is another name for the New York dialect? What TV show featured Archie Bunker? Who played Archie Bunker on All in the Family? What is the pronunciation of the city name in New York? What is the name of the soccer team in New York City? Where do the New York City FC play their home games? Where is Red Bull Arena located? Who is one of the world's most famous soccer players? Where do the Cosmos play their home games? How many of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area? How many rail lines are in New York City? How many rail lines are in New York City? Where is JFK International Airport? What is the busiest train station in New York City? Where is Pennsylvania Station located? How many rapid transit systems in the world operate 24 hours a day? What is the name of the train line that serves Philadelphia and Copenhagen? What is the name of the Copenhagen Metro? What is the name of the PATH train? What is the name of the subway project in New York City? How many yellow taxicabs are in NYC? Where does the aerial tramway transport commuters between? Along with finance, advertising, and fashion organizations, what is a notable industry in New York? Along with theater, advertising, and fashion organizations, what is a notable industry in New York? Along with theater and finance, what is an example of a national industry in New York? What is another name for Seventh Avenue? During what hour of the day are motorists often stranded in traffic jams? In what region of New York is Connecticut located? Where do the expressways and parkways link the boroughs? Where are Queens and Brooklyn located? Where are Queens and Brooklyn located? What boroughs are located in New York City? The Manhattan Bridge is an example of what type of architecture? The Queensboro Bridge is an important piece of what? How many hybrid taxis were in New York City in 2010? How much of New York's taxi fleet is clean diesel? How much of a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions does de Blasio commit to? What is an example of a green office building? What case forced the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants? How long is Newtown Creek? How many gallons of spilled oil did Newtown Creek contain? What was the name of the oil spill in Newtown Creek? What form of government has New York City had since 1898? In what year did New York City consolidate? Which borough has the Second Department of the Supreme Court? Where is the Supreme Court located? What are extrajudicial administrative courts? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? Where is the District Court for the Eastern District of New York located? Where is the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit located? Where is the District Court for the Eastern District located? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? What is the name of one of the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions? Which ZIP code generated the most money for the 2004 presidential campaigns of George W. Bush? How much money does New York receive for every $1 it sends to the federal government? How much money does New York send to the state of New York each year? How much money does New York send to the federal government each year? What was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. renamed in 2006? In what year was the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. renamed? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? What award did 'To Kill a Mockingbird' win? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? What are the main characters of To Kill a Mockingbird based on? Where is 'To Kill a Mockingbird' taught? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird? What are the main themes of To Kill a Mockingbird? Where is 'To Kill a Mockingbird' taught? What type of epithets has To Kill a Mockingbird been challenged for? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? In what year did British librarians rank 'To Kill a Mockingbird' ahead of the Bible? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' adapted into an Oscar-winning film? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' adapted into a film? Who directed 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Which book did British librarians rank ahead of To Kill a Mockingbird in 2006? Who wrote the screenplay for 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Who directed 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? In what state is a play based on 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? When did Lee die? What was the name of Lee's only published book? What was the name of Lee's only published book? When was Go Set a Watchman published? When did Lee die? Who recommended Lee to write for a literary agent? In what year did Lee move to New York City? Where did Harper Lee work in New York City? Where did Harper Lee grow up? When was Harper Lee born? Who recommended Lee to write for a literary agent? What college did Harper Lee attend? Where did Harper Lee study law? Who was the editor of Harper Lee's 1957 book? What was the title of the first draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? What was Therese von Hohoff Torrey known as professionally? Who was the editor of 'Go Set a Watchman'? What illness did Lee's mother suffer from? What was Lee's father's profession? How long after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird did Lee's father die? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? How long did Lee spend writing To Kill a Mockingbird? Who chose To Kill a Mockingbird for reprinting? Where is Maycomb located? How many years did the Great Depression last? How many summers of friendship did Dill and Jem have? What is the name of the boy that Jem and Scout befriend? Where is Maycomb located? What was the name of the Depression that took place in Maycomb? What was the name of the six-year-old girl in Maycomb? Who has been accused of raping a young white woman? Who does Judge Taylor appoint to defend? Along with Scout, Jem, and Dill, who is the leader of the mob that threatened to lynch Tom? Who did Atticus not want to be present at Tom Robinson's trial? From where did Jem, Scout, and Dill watch? Where did Jem, Scout, and Dill watch from? What happened to Tom Robinson? What two children are attacked by Atticus? What is the name of the Halloween pageant that Jem and Scout participate in? Who carries Jem home? Who is humiliated by the events of the trial? Who carries Jem home? Who believes that Ewell fell on his own knife? How did Ewell die? What is 'To Kill a Mockingbird' not? In what year did Amasa Coleman Lee die? How old was Scout's mother when she died? What position did Lee's father hold? Where did Truman Capote live? In what year did Capote and Lee travel to Kansas together? What was the name of the nonfiction novel written by Capote and Lee? Who wrote 'In Cold Blood'? What type of typewriter did Lee and Capote use? What did Truman Capote call Lee and Capote? How old was Lee when the Scottsboro Boys were convicted? Who was accused of raping a white woman? Who was murdered in 1955? What movement did Emmett Till lead? What did the Scottsboro case display? Who was murdered in 1955? Along with satire and irony, what two things are used in Lee's humorous situations? Along with parody, satire, and irony, what does Lee use in his humor? Where does Jem lock a Sunday school classmate? Who escorts Scout and Jem to her church? How does Scout feel when she makes a tardy entrance to the pageant? What is Scout's costume called? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird? What type of novel is To Kill a Mockingbird? Who does Scout reveres? Who did Jem say was the best folks in the world? What does 'To Kill a Mockingbird' explore? In what year did the Montgomery Bus Boycott occur? What was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' primarily concerned with? Who did Roslyn Siegel say was "stupid, pathetic, defenseless and dependent upon the fair dealing of the whites"? How many times was Tom Robinson shot? What was the punishment for the transgressions by black males? Who juried Tom Robinson's trial? How many times was Tom Robinson shot? What animal did Atticus have to shoot in Maycomb? What did Atticus fight against in Maycomb? Who chastises and punishes Walter Cunningham? Who does Atticus stand up to in his book? Who embarrasses Scout? Who did Lee say she wanted to be? What did Austen and Lee value over social standing? How did Lee describe racial prejudice? What did Lee show about race and gender? What did the children learn from Atticus' admonition not to judge someone? What is Mrs. Dubose determined to break herself of? Who is the moral center of the novel? What is the moral center of the novel? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? What are the lessons of the novel? Who testified about Atticus' compassion? Which female characters influenced Scout? Which female characters influenced Scout? Who chastises Scout for not wearing a dress and camisole? What does Lee show Scout is becoming? Who molested Boo? Who does not represent a form of masculinity? Who has been exiled by society for taking a black woman as his common-law wife? How many lawyers were in 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? What do Scout refuse to wear in To Kill a Mockingbird? What is the name of Lee's mother's maiden name? What is Lee's mother's maiden name? What is the titular mockingbird in the novel? What is the titular mockingbird in the novel? What is the titular mockingbird in the novel? What did Edwin Bruell say to kill a mockingbird? In what club did Lee include her book in? In what club did Lee include her book in? How many languages had To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird have been sold? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird have been sold? How many languages has To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? Along with Scout, Atticus, and Boo, what was the name of the book published by Mary McDonagh Murphy? Who was the author of 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Along with Scout, Atticus, and Boo, what was the name of the book published by Mary McDonagh Murphy? What did Morris Dees call Atticus Finch? What is Atticus Finch's model of? In what year did the Alabama State Bar erect a monument to Atticus? Who erected a monument to Atticus in Monroeville? Who received an honorary special membership to the Alabama State Bar in 2008? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' first used in classroom study? How many books were challenged in 2000-2009? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' first used in classroom study? How many books were challenged in 2000-2009? In what year was the book challenged in Hanover, Virginia? What was one of the first incidents of the book being challenged? Who did Mayella Ewell attraction to? What was the name of the book that received the most complaints? What movement did 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' influence? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? Who was Truman Capote's biological father? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who was Truman Capote's older sister? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who was Truman Capote's editor? When was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? How many weeks was To Kill a Mockingbird on the bestseller list? When did To Kill a Mockingbird win the Paperback of the Year award? In what year did Harper Lee turn down interviews for Mockingbird? What award did To Kill a Mockingbird win in 1961? In what year did Harper Lee turn down interviews for Mockingbird? In what year was Lee inducted into the Alabama Academy of Honor? How many communities were chosen for variations of the citywide reading program? What city did Richard M. Daley initiate a reading program in? What city did Richard M. Daley initiate a reading program in? How many communities were chosen for variations of the citywide reading program? Where did Lee receive an honorary doctorate? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? When was To Kill a Mockingbird awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom? Where did Lee receive an honorary doctorate? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? In what year was 'Atticus Finch' released? Who starred in 'Atticus Finch'? Who starred in 'Atticus Finch'? What was Peck's father's pocketwatch? What was Peck's grandson's name? What did Lee give her father? What was Peck's grandson's name? When did Lee make an uncharacteristic appearance at the Los Angeles Public Library? How did Veronique describe Lee? Who wrote 'The Literary Capital of Alabama'? When did 'The Literary Capital of Alabama' debut? What town is considered the Literary Capital of Alabama? Who make up the cast of the play? What is the color of the audience in the play? Where didergel's play begin in 2006? Where didergel's play open in 2013? Who starred in the play Atticus Finch? When was Go Set a Watchman released? When was 'Go Set a Watchman' released? How many years after the time period in To Kill a Mockingbird was 'Go Set a Watchman' set? Who was Lee's lawyer? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? When was 'Go Set a Watchman' released? How many years after the time period in To Kill a Mockingbird was 'Go Set a Watchman' set? What serious issues does To Kill a Mockingbird deal with? Who is the protagonist of To Kill a Mockingbird? What is the strongest element of Lee's style? What technique did Lee use to play intricately with perspectives? What is the heritage of all Southerners? How did the children feel about Boo Radley? What type of romanticism did Lee use to describe Maycomb? What is Scout's definition of fine folks? What is the name of the region that Lee described as "fine folks"? Who is the chief example among several innocents destroyed carelessly or deliberately throughout the novel? Who did Metress connect the mockingbird to? What did Atticus say about Boo Radley? What type of tragedy does R. A. Dave claim the book takes on? Which newspaper said "To Kill a Mockingbird underlines no cause"? Who called the book "melodramatic and contrived"? Which Southern writer said "I think for a child's book it does all right"? Who wrote about racism as an inevitability? Who did Rosemary Goring compare Lee to? Who criticized Atticus in The Wall Street Journal? Who wrote that the book forces readers to question issues about race, class and society? What is the name of the black character in the novel? What did a Canadian language arts consultant think of the novel? What type of stereotyping does the novel indulges in? What does To Kill a Mockingbird say every child in the South has moments of? What is 'To Kill a Mockingbird' an act of? How did people quote lines from the novel in Monroeville? What do Monroeville residents call the tourists who come to see Harper Lee? What is radiant light and heat from? What is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed for? Along with photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar architecture and artificial photosynthesis, what is an example of an ever-evolving technology? What is radiant light and heat from? How many terawatts of incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? What percentage of incoming solar radiation is reflected back to space? What is the insolation level of most people in the world? How many terawatts of incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? What percentage of incoming solar radiation is reflected back to space? How many watts per square meter are people in areas with insolation? What is absorbed by clouds, oceans, and land masses? How much of the globe are oceans? What is the average temperature of the surface of the Earth? How do green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? How much of the globe does oceans cover? What causes atmospheric circulation or convection? What happens to water vapor when the temperature is low? What amplifies convection? How do green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? What is the total amount of solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses? How much energy does the world use in one year? How many exajoules does Photosynthesis capture per year? How much energy does the world use in one year? What is the total solar energy absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses? How many EJ does Photosynthesis capture per year? Along with coal, oil, natural gas, and mined uranium, what non-renewable resource does the Earth have? Where do all renewable energies derive their energy from? What are the two types of solar technologies? What are passive or active solar technologies? What two renewable energies derive their energy from the Sun? How do all renewable energies derive their energy from the Sun? What do passive solar technologies reduce the need for alternate resources? What type of solar techniques reduce the need for alternate resources? What do passive solar techniques use? What do passive solar techniques use to design spaces? Active solar technologies reduce the need for what? What do passive solar technologies reduce? Who created the Sun Power Company? What year did Shuman form the Sun Power Company? In what year did Shuman patent the entire solar engine system? What nationality was Frank Shuman? In what year did Frank Shuman build a demonstration solar engine? What did the black pipes in Shuman's solar engine create? What year did Shuman form the Sun Power Company? In what year did Shuman patent the entire solar engine system? Where was the first solar thermal power station built? How many litres of water did Shuman pump per minute from the Nile River? In what decade did the new wave of interest in solar thermal energy begin? Where was the first solar thermal power station built? What type of troughs did Shuman use to power his first solar thermal power station? Where did Shuman get water from? What caused the invention of cheap oil? In what decade did the new wave of interest in solar thermal energy begin? What percentage of domestic hot water use is provided by solar heating systems? What do solar hot water systems use to heat water? What percentage of domestic hot water is used in low geographical latitudes? What are the most common types of solar water heaters? What are the most common types of solar water heaters? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems? Which countries are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems? What country is the world leader in deployment of solar hot water systems? What percentage of homes in Cyprus use solar hot water systems? Along with the United States, Canada, and Australia, what country uses solar hot water? What percentage of energy used in commercial buildings is HVAC? What percentage of energy used in commercial buildings is used in HVAC systems? What percentage of energy used in commercial buildings is used in HVAC? What can be used to offset a portion of the energy used in residential buildings? What is any material that can be used to store heat? What is thermal mass? What are some common thermal mass materials? How do thermal mass materials keep buildings cool? In what type of climate has thermal mass been used? What does thermal mass reduce? What is a passive solar ventilation system? What is a solar chimney? What is a passive solar ventilation system composed of? What type of materials can be used in a solar chimney? During what season do deciduous trees allow light to pass through? What has been promoted as a means of controlling solar heating and cooling? What percentage of incident solar radiation does deciduous trees receive? Why should deciduous trees be planted on the Equator facing side of a building? Where can deciduous trees be used? When was the simplest solar cooker built? What is the typical temperature of a reflective panel? What do solar cookers use sunlight for? What are the three broad categories of solar cookers? Who built the simplest solar cooker? What is the typical temperature of a box cooker? What do reflector cookers require to function properly? How many parabolic dishes were used in the first commercial system? Why are transpired collectors more cost effective than glazed collection systems? What are some solar concentrating technologies? What is STEP? What is one of the oldest applications of solar energy? What are clothes lines, clotheshorses, and clothes racks? What are transpired collectors used for? When was the first solar distillation project constructed? What can be used to make saline or brackish water potable? Who first recorded solar distillation? When was the first solar distillation project constructed? How much electricity does the Las Salinas plant produce per day? What type of still is most economical for decentralized domestic purposes? Who recommended solar water disinfection? What is the minimum amount of time of exposure to solar water? What is SODIS recommended as? How many people in developing countries use SODIS? What can algae produce that make the water unusable? What is the benefit of using solar energy in water stabilisation ponds? What can algae produce that make the water unusable? When is solar power anticipated to become the world's largest source of electricity? When is solar power anticipated to become the world's largest source of electricity? Where is the SEGS CSP installation located? In what year did solar generate less than 1% of the worlds total grid electricity? What is the largest solar power plant in the world? Where is the SEGS CSP installation located? In what country is Charanka Solar Park located? Who constructed the first solar cell? When was the crystalline silicon solar cell created? What has photovoltaics evolved from? What is a solar cell? Who constructed the first solar cell? Who developed the first solar cell? Who created the crystalline silicon solar cell in 1954? What is the working fluid used in concentrating solar power systems? What do Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems use? What is concentrated heat used as? What is the name of the concentrating linear fresnel reflector? What is heated by concentrated sunlight? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What are the common features of passive solar architecture? What are well-lit spaces that stay in? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What are some examples of passive solar equipment? What does UHI stand for? What is the estimated cost of thecool communities program in Los Angeles? What does UHI stand for? What materials have lower albedos and higher heat capacities than the natural environment? What is one way to counter the UHI effect? What did French and English farmers use to maximize the collection of solar energy? What do vinters use the energy generated by solar panels for? What is the goal of agriculture and horticulture? What is an example of a technique that can improve crop yields? What did French and English farmers use to maximize the collection of solar energy? What did the fruit walls act as during the Little Ice Age? When were Primitive greenhouses first used? When were the first modern greenhouses built in Europe? What do greenhouses convert solar light to? What is the benefit of greenhouses? Who was the emperor of Roman times? Where were the first modern greenhouses built? What is the name of the biannual solar-powered car race? What was the winner's average speed in 2007? What is the World Solar Challenge? In what year was the World Solar Challenge founded? What was the average speed in 1987? What was the winner's average speed in 2007? What is the name of the South African Solar Challenge? In what year was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? In what year was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? Who made the first solar powered crossing of the Pacific Ocean? What was the name of the first solar powered crossing of the Atlantic Ocean? What was the altitude of the Solar Riser? What is the name of the electric aircraft that circumnavigated the globe? In what year did the AstroFlight Sunrise plane make the first solar flight? On what date did the Solar Riser make its first solar flight? When did the Solar Challenger cross the English Channel? Where did Eric Scott Raymond fly from in 1990? How long did the Solar Impulse remain airborne? What is a feasible alternative to hydrogen production? What type of chemical processes use solar energy to drive chemical reactions? What can be produced by artificial photosynthesis? What process is under development at the Weizmann Institute? What does the Solzinc process produce? What has been a significant area of solar chemical research since the 1970s? What type of process is used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen? What process is under development at the Weizmann Institute? Thermal mass systems can store solar energy in what form? What can store solar energy in the form of heat at domestically useful temperatures? Along with water, earth and stone, what material is used in thermal storage systems? What do well-designed thermal storage systems reduce? What is another term for Phase change materials? Where was the first to use Glauber's salt heating system? Along with paraffin wax and Glauber's salt, what is another thermal storage media? What is the average temperature of a Glauber's salt heating system? Where was the first to use a Glauber's salt heating system? Why are molten salts an effective storage medium? How many terajoules does the Solar Two store? What have off-grid PV systems traditionally used to store excess electricity? What have off-grid PV systems traditionally used to store excess electricity? What program gives household systems a credit for any electricity they deliver to the grid? What is done when a home produces more electricity than it consumes? Most standard meters accurately measure in what direction? What does the pump become when demand is high? When is energy available from a lower elevation reservoir? What happens to the pump when demand is high? What caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world? When did the oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis occur? What was the name of the incentive program in the US? What is SERI now known as? What is the name of the research facility in Japan? What is the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems? When did commercial solar water heaters begin appearing in the United States? What is the growth rate of the solar water heating sector? When did commercial solar water heaters begin appearing in the United States? What caused interest in solar water heating in the 1980s? What is the growth rate of the solar water heating sector? What is the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling? What organization has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? What organization has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? What does ISO 9050 relate to? What does ISO 10217 relate to? What standard relates to glass in building? What does ISO 9050 relate to? What are two types of solar technologies? Along with concentrated solar power and solar water heating, what is an example of active solar? What are passive solar techniques? What was the total world energy consumption in 2012? What does EJ stand for? What makes solar energy a highly appealing source of electricity? Who found that the annual potential of solar energy was 1,575-49,837 exajoules? How will the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies increase countries' energy security? What are the costs of mitigating global warming? What should the incentives for early deployment be considered? Why are fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise? What factors limits the amount of solar energy that we can acquire? Which areas have a greater amount of solar radiation? What type of photovoltaics are used in areas closer to the equator? When is there little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth? What do clouds block from the sun? Where can solar panels be set up? What have many people discovered about solar cells? Along with insolation, cloud cover, and land that is usable by humans, what factors were taken into account in the estimate? What is the global potential of solar energy? What is solar power? What does PV stand for? What do CSP systems use? How do CSP systems use lenses or mirrors? How does PV convert light into electric current? What has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history? Who used solar architecture and urban planning methods? Where did the Greeks and Chinese oriented their buildings? What is a black balloon filled with? What happens to the air inside of a solar balloon? What market is most likely to use solar balloons? What is the surface-area to payload-weight ratio? Why were solar technologies developed in the 1860s? Why did solar technologies stagnate in the early 20th century? By what year could solar energy technologies provide a third of the world's energy? The energy from the sun could play a key role in de-carbonizing what? What is the name of the dynasty that ruled the area of Sarazm? Along with Oxus, and Andronovo, what ancient civilization ruled in Tajikistan? What is the name of the ancient city in Tajikistan? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? How long did the civil war in Tajikistan last? Along with Oxus, and Andronovo, what ancient civilization ruled in Tajikistan? What is the name of the dynasty that ruled the area of Sarazm? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? How long did the civil war in Tajikistan last? In what year did the Soviet Army collapse? How many Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan in World War II? How many people were killed in World War II? What did the Virgin Lands Campaign focus on? How were the factions in the civil war distinguished? What percentage of ministerial positions did the ceasefire guarantee? Who was re-elected in 2006? Why did people flee during the civil war? Where were Russian border troops stationed until 2005? Where is the Ayni Air Base located? How far from Dushanbe is the Ayni Air Base? How long do the US Army and Marine Corps visit Tajikistan? How many Tajik soldiers were killed in the ambush? In what year did Russia send more troops to Tajikistan? When did the military operation in the Rasht Valley end? How many militants escaped from a Tajik prison in August 2010? What type of government is Tajikistan? Who is the Prime Minister of Tajikistan? Who are the two Deputy Prime Ministers of Tajikistan? When did Emomalii Rahmon become President of Tajikistan? What party has a majority in Parliament? What is the status of independent press outlets? How is public criticism of the government tolerated? What happens to all direct protest? What is blocked to local and foreign websites? What is the smallest nation in Central Asia by area? What is the name of the mountain range in Tajikistan? Where is Dushanbe located? What latitudes does Tajikistan lie between? Which river valleys form the Amu Darya? What was the name of a pre-Islamic tribe before the seventh century A.D? What does Tajikistan mean? What does the suffix "-stan" mean? Why is the word "Tajik" difficult to determine? When did the Chinese rule Transoxania? Who controlled Transoxania from 650-680? What empire ruled Transoxania from 819 to 999? What was the region of Iran known as? When did the Chinese rule Transoxania? Who controlled Transoxania from 650-680? When did the Chinese rule Transoxania? What empire ruled Transoxania from 819 to 999? Who controlled Transoxania from 650-680? What empire ruled Transoxania from 819 to 999? What was the region of Iran known as? What was the region of Iran known as? When did the Chinese rule Transoxania? When did the Umayyads take over Transoxania? Which Khanate conquered Transoxania? What empire ruled Transoxania from 819 to 999? When did the Russian Empire conquer Central Asia? Who controlled the territory of Russian Turkestan between 1864 and 1885? What was Russia interested in? When did Russia take control of the entire territory of Russian Turkestan? Who ruled Tajikistan in 1885? What did the Jadidists establish themselves as? Who was required to restore order during uprisings against the Khanate of Kokand? When did the uprisings against Kokand occur? What was the threat of forced conscription during World War I? What were guerrillas in Central Asia known as? What was the goal of basmachi? Who won the war? Along with Islam, Judaism, and Christianity, what religion was discouraged and repressed? What was created as a part of Uzbekistan in 1924? Where did the cotton production take place? What took place between 1927 and 1934? What was the result of the collectivization policy? Who led the two rounds of purges? How many people were expelled from all levels of the Communist Party of Tajikistan? Who dominated party positions at all levels? What was the proportion of Russians in Tajikistan between 1926 and 1959? Who dominated party positions at all levels? How many seats did the PDPT lose in 2010? What did opposition parties and international observers accuse President Emomalii Rahmon of? What did the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe say the 2010 elections failed to meet? What did the government insist would not affect the will of the Tajik people? Where is Tajikistan located? How many people live in Tajikistan? How many square miles is Tajikistan? Which country borders Tajikistan to the east? What is the name of the narrow corridor between Pakistan and Pakistan? Which country borders Tajikistan to the east? How many people live in Tajikistan? How many square miles is Tajikistan? What country borders Tajikistan to the south? Which country borders Tajikistan to the south? What is the earliest recorded history of the region? What empire took over most of modern Tajikistan in 500 BCE? Who took over Northern Tajikistan after the conquest of Kambojas? What tribes were in the Kushan Empire? When did Arabs bring Islam to Central Asia? What empire moved into the region? Along with Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and Manichaeism, what religion did the Kushan Empire practice? What was the GDP of Tajikistan in 2000-2007? What are the primary sources of income in Tajikistan? What percentage of agricultural output does cotton account for? What is the name of the largest aluminium plant in Central Asia? Who has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports? What type of potential does the Vakhsh and Panj have? What is the highest dam in the world? How much electricity will the CASA 1000 transmission line transmit to Pakistan? How much does the population of Tajikistan live on? What was the estimated remittances from labour migrants in 2010? How did Tajikistan achieve its market-based advantage? What has played an important role in Tajikistan's economic growth? What type of poppy is raised locally for the domestic market? Along with the US, Russian, EU, and Afghan authorities, what international organization is helping Tajikistan fight drug trafficking? How does Tajikistan rank in the world for raw opium confiscations? What does UNODC stand for? What type of transportation does Tajikistan have? Along with Iran and Pakistan, what country signed an agreement with Tajikistan in 2012 to construct roads and railways? What countries signed an agreement with Tajikistan in 2009? In what year did the presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran sign an agreement to construct roads and railways? How many airports did Tajikistan have in 2009? What is the name of the country's main airport? What country does Dushanbe International Airport serve? What is the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country? What is the population of Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is under the age of 30? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is under the age of 30? What is the population of Tajikistan? What are all citizens of Tajikistan called? Where are the Pamiri people located? How are the Pamiri different from Tajiks? Where are the Pamir Mountains located? What religion is the majority in Tajikistan? What does the Constitution provide for? What are the two state holidays in Tajikistan? What percentage of the population of Tajikistan is Muslim? What do minority religious groups undermine? What is there a concern for in Tajikistan? What is Hizb ut-Tahrir? What is the goal of Hizb ut-Tahrir? What does SCRA stand for? What is required to register with the SCRA? What are religious groups not allowed to gather in for prayer? What can failure to register result in? What has the Tajik government tried to improve? How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan? What was the public expenditure on health in 2004? What is the name of the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper? How many years of education does public education in Tajikistan consist of? How long is the public education system in Tajikistan? What is the name of the university in Khujand? What percentage of tertiary education enrollment was in 2008? Anthropology is the study of what? What is one of the main subdivisions of anthropology? What type of anthropology investigates the influence of language in social life? Anthropology studies past human cultures through investigation of what? In what country is archaeology considered a branch of anthropology? In what year was the Anthropological Society of Vienna founded? When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded? In what year was the American Anthropological Association founded? When was the Anthropological Society of Madrid founded? What did Virchow believe Darwin's conclusions lacked? What type of societies occurred during the last three decades of the 19th century? How many anthropological societies and associations existed in the 19th century? Who supported the gradual osmosis of anthropology curricula into the major institutions of higher learning? How many educational institutions in 13 countries had some curriculum in anthropology? How many educational institutions had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898? When did Franz Boas and Bronisław Malinowski work? What is Margaret Mead's advocacy for? What is the focus of social anthropology in the US? What was Boas' argument against? What has cultural anthropology emphasized? Along with humanities, social, and natural sciences, what is anthropology? What is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? Anthropology is a discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? Where did early anthropology originate? Along with cognitive science, global studies, and ethnic studies, what is an example of an interdisciplinary field? What theories have influenced Sociocultural anthropology? When did the epistemological shift away from positivist traditions take place? What questions came to occupy a central place in cultural anthropology? What two sub-fields of anthropology remained largely positivist? What have the four sub-fields of anthropology lacked? What is the study of how one's culture affects experience for self and group? What is the study of the relationships among persons and groups? What does social anthropology help develop? What is the distinction between cultural anthropology and social anthropology? What is the study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them? What is cultural relativism? What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research? What is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology? What is the term used to describe a culture from a conceptual, vs. etic, or technical point of view? What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates? What is the study of kinship and social organization called? What does sociocultural anthropology cover? What is a human universal? What is the object of study in linguistic anthropology? Along with economic and political organization, law and conflict, what is a topic of sociocultural anthropology? What is the study of the human past through its material remains? What do archaeologists study in order to deduce patterns of past human behavior? What is Ethnoarchaeology? What are the remains of human groups presumed to have lived in? Artifacts, faunal remains, and human altered landscapes are evidence of what? What is linguistic anthropology also called? What does linguistic anthropology link to? What is another name for anthropological linguistics? What fields do linguistic anthropologists often draw on? What is one of the central problems in the anthropology of art? What are the Western categories of 'painting','sculpture', or 'literature'? What do anthropologists of art focus on? When was Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' published? What did Geertz transform the anthropology of art into? Who created a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850? When was the Société Ethnologique de Paris formed? When was the chair created in anthropology and ethnography? When was slavery abolished in France? What group was the first to use Ethnology? Anthropology and other current fields are the intellectual results of what? What did theorists begin to suspect about the similarities between animals, languages, and folkways? What did theorists begin to suspect was the cause of similarities between animals, languages, and folkways? What was the result of On the Origin of Species? How did Darwin arrive at his conclusions? When did Darwin and Wallace unveil evolution? What did Darwin and Wallace want to do with evolution? Where did Paul Broca meet for the first time? What group did Paul Broca break away from? What did Darwin become an immediate convert to? What was Broca's profession? What did Broca take an interest in? What did Broca discover? What discipline did Theodor Waitz specialize in? How many volumes did Waitz write? What did Waitz define anthropology as? What was Waitz's profession? What did Waitz use to differentiate man from the animals nearest to him? What must the data of comparison be? The history of what is to be brought into comparison? Who was Waitz influential among? In what year did Richard Francis Burton and James Hunt break away from the Ethnological Society of London? What did the Anthropological Society of London follow? What group was present at Waitz's address? Who was influential among British ethnologists? Where do most of the world's higher educational institutions have anthropology departments? How many subdivisions has anthropology diversified from? What type of anthropology has arrived? What is a forensic archaeologist used to recreate? How many nations are in the World Council of Anthropological Associations? What is another name for media anthropology? What does media anthropology emphasize? When did media such as radio, the press, new media and television start to make their presences felt? What are the contexts of ethnographic contexts? What is a new area of internet research? What is the focus of visual anthropology? Along with performance, museums, art, and the production and reception of mass media, what does visual anthropology study? Along with sandpaintings, tattoos, sculptures and reliefs, what is an example of a visual representation? What term is sometimes used interchangeably with visual anthropology? What is the school of thought derived from Marx? Economic anthropology tries to explain human economic behavior in what ways? Economic anthropology has a complex relationship with what discipline? Who was the founder of Economic Anthropology? What is an alternative to market exchange? What are traditional concerns of anthropology? Political Economy introduced questions of what? Who did Sahlins work on? What was the second area of interest? Along with industrial and post-industrial capitalism, what type of capitalism has Political Economists addressed? What is the practical side of anthropological research? What does applied anthropology produce in specific cultural systems? What does applied anthropology include? What side of anthropology is applied anthropology closely related to? Where does applied anthropology include researcher involvement and activism? Anthropology of development views development from what perspective? What do the issues addressed and implications for the approach simply involve? Why is poverty increasing? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? Why does so much planned development fail? What can refer to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures? What discipline has developed a number of related concepts and terms? What has developed a number of related concepts and terms? What is another term for kinship? What is another term for relatives? What is a four field approach to anthropology? What is the goal of feminist anthropology? What do feminist anthropologists claim their research helps to correct? What are feminist anthropologists centrally concerned with? Feminist anthropology is inclusive of what? What kind of concept deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security? What is nutritional anthropology? What is nutritional anthropology connected to? What does nutritional status affect? What does nutritional anthropology deal with? What subfield of anthropology studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes? Psychological anthropology focuses on ways in which humans' development and enculturation are related to what? Along with history, language, practices, and conceptual categories, what doesPsychological anthropology focus on? Psychological anthropology focuses on ways in which humans' development and enculturation within what group? Psychological anthropology examines how the understanding of cognition, emotion, motivation and similar psychological processes inform or constrain our models of cultural and social processes? What type of anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation and transmission over time? Cognitive anthropology uses the methods and theories of what? Along with experimental psychology and evolutionary biology, what field of study is used in cognitive anthropology? What is cognitive anthropology concerned with? What is the term for the structure of political systems? How did political anthropology look at the structure of societies? When did political anthropology begin? What type of societies did anthropologists begin to study? Who wrote "Negara"? What was the name of the sub-focus group in the American Anthropological Association? When was the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting held? Along with STS and STS, what organization was the Cyborg anthropology sub-group closely related to? Who wrote the Cyborg Manifesto? What does Cyborg anthropology study? What is a sub-specialty within the field of anthropology? What is the contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology? Along with culture, politics and power, globalization, localized issues, and political ecology, what is an example of a contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology? What is often used for arguments for/against or creation of policy? Who did Melissa Checker have a relationship with? What is Ethnohistory? Ethnohistory studies the history of what groups? What does Ethnohistory use as its foundation? What do Practitioners recognize the utility of? Who recognizes the utility of source material? What is anthropology concerned with? Who said traditional anthropologists were "a notoriously agoraphobic lot, anti-urban by definition"? What did Hannerz say traditional anthropologists were? How many principle approaches are there in urban anthropology? What are the two principle approaches in urban anthropology? What is anthrozoology also known as? What is the study of interaction between living things called? Anthrozoology overlaps with a number of what disciplines? What is the main focus of anthrozoology? Along with anthropology, sociology, biology, and philosophy, what field of study does anthrozoology include? What is the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of human physiology? What is Evolutionary anthropology based in? What is Evolutionary anthropology concerned with? What is Evolutionary anthropology based on? How many lines of evidence does Evolutionary anthropology draw on? What are the commitments in anthropology? Along with circumcision and subincision, what is an example of an ethical commitment in anthropology? What topics attract anthropological attention? What is one of the root causes of Man's inhumanity? What is the depth of an anthropological approach? What was Boas' profession? Along with Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan, what country did Boas work for? Where did many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries serve? Where did some of Boas' anthropologists work? Why did David H. Price dismiss anthropologists from their jobs? Why do professional anthropological bodies object to the use of anthropology? What may proscribe anthropologists from giving? What does the Association of Social Anthropologists call certain scholarship? What is the abbreviation for the Association of Social Anthropologists? What should be agreed to? Who are anthropologists working with? What is the US Army's strategy in Afghanistan? What does the Christian Science Monitor say is the goal of the Human Terrain System? What country is the Human Terrain System working in? What does the AAA emphasize the incompatibility of HTS with? What are anthropologists interested in? Biological anthropologists are interested in what? What is it called when an anthropologist travels to a community in its own setting? What does "fieldwork" mean? What are human measurements, genetic samples, nutritional data gathered and published as? What do anthropologists typically divide the world up into? What are cultural traditions based on? What type of tool is Mousterian? What two groups share approaches to Culture regions? What is a central part of anthropologists science? What do some authors argue anthropology originated and developed as? What is another term for "other cultures"? What is another term for non-European/non-Western societies? Who wrote Exploring the City: Inquiries Toward an Urban Anthropology? When did anthropologists start to look for other cultures? Where do social and cultural anthropologists often set ethnographic research? Rather than limiting research to a single locale, what type of research is used? What is the main focus of ethnographic research? Where is ethnographic research set? What do social and cultural anthropologists often set in settings such as scientific laboratories? What happened to Joseph I in 1758? Which family was implicated in the attempted assassination? Who were expelled from the country? When did Joseph I make his loyal minister Count of Oeiras? Who did Sebastião de Melo prosecute? When was Marquis of Pombal made Count of Oeiras? When did Joseph I die? Pombal's Enlightenment was primarily a mechanism for what? Who was the new Count of Oeiras? What was Pombal's goal? Who occupied Portugal in 1807? In what year did Brazil become a Kingdom? Which country was declared a Kingdom in 1815? Along with Portugal, Brazil, and Algarves, what country was part of the pluricontinental State? When did Portugal begin a slow but inexorable decline? Who did the Portuguese fight against? When did the Liberal Revolution occur? Where did the Liberal Revolution of 1820 begin? When did the Liberal Revolution of 1820 begin? What was the result of the change in Brazil's status? Before what century were railway tracks built in Angola? When was the Conference of Berlin held? What were the rivalries enticed by? Why were Portuguese Africa territories formally established? Along with Moçâmedes, Lobito, João Belo and Nacala, what coastal town was founded in Portuguese Africa? On what date did Dom Carlos I die? When was Portugal declared bankrupt? Who was the new king of Portugal? When was Manuel II overthrown? Along with political instability and economic weaknesses, what was the cause of the unrest during the First Republic? Who led the dictatorship of Estado Novo? In what year did the Estado Novo begin? How many European countries remained neutral in World War II? Where were mainland Portuguese citizens relocated to? What international organization does Portugal belong to? What form of government does Portugal have? Where does Portugal rank in Social Progress in the world? Which Western European countries have the highest Social Progress? What did Portugal decriminalize in 2001? What did Pelayos use as a place of refuge? Who did Pelayos hope to defeat in the Battle of Covadonga? What battle did the Moors defeat in 722 AD? When was the Battle of Covadonga fought? What was the name of the Christian reconquest in Portuguese? Why was the Kingdom of Asturias divided into several Christian Kingdoms in Northern Spain? Who abdicated the Kingdom of Asturias in 910? When did King Alfonso III knight Vimara Peres? Who was the First Count of Portus Cale? What was the County of Portugal known as? What culture did the people of Galicia have to separate from? Why did the County of Portugal separate from the Kingdom of Leon? What language did the people of the County of Portugal use? What language was the Castilian language replaced by? What language replaced Astur-Leonese? Who was de Melo's second marriage to? Who became Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1738? Who was the Queen consort of Portugal in 1749? Who was the Queen consort of Portugal in 1749? Who recalled Melo to Portugal in 1749? What was the new city centre of Lisbon designed to resist? How were the effects of an earthquake simulated? How many epidemics did Lisbon suffer? What is one of Lisbon's tourist attractions? How was the inquiry sent to every parish in the country? What is the official name of Portugal? Where is Portugal located? Which ocean borders Portugal to the west and south? How long is the Portugal-Spain border? What archipelagos are in Portugal? What is the official name of Portugal? Where is Portugal located? Which country borders Portugal to the north and east? Which ocean borders Portugal to the west and south? What is the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union? Along with the Celts and the Romans, who was the first group to invade Portugal? Who invaded the Suebi Germanic peoples? When did Portugal establish itself as a kingdom independent from León? What is the name of the Age of Discovery? When did Portugal establish its first global empire? What was the name of the city that was destroyed in the 1755 earthquake? When did Brazil gain independence? When did the revolution deposed the monarchy? Which of Portugal's colonies was given independence in 1999? How many Portuguese speakers are there today? What is the Romano-Celtic name for Portugal? Who settled the Iberian Peninsula? Which peoples settled in the Iberian Peninsula? How long did the Roman Republic dominions last? What is the old Germanic name for Alenquer? When did Lusitania gain the status of Roman province? What was the northern province of Lusitania called? What are the names of the two Roman settlements in Portugal? What are castros? How far is Conímbriga from Coimbra? How long did it take the Visigoths to defeat the Umayyad Caliphate? When did the Umayyad Caliphate begin expanding in the peninsula? When did the Umayyad Caliphate collapse? Who established the Emirate of Córdoba? How long did the Emirate of Córdoba last? What did the governors of taifas proclaim themselves? Who did the governors of taifas establish diplomatic relations with? Who took over most of Portugal in 1022? In what year did the Almoravids come from Morocco? Where did the Almoravids come from? What is another name for Muwallad? Where did the Arabs come from? Where were the Berbers originally from? Where did the Moors stay? How many words are in the Portuguese language of Arabic origin? Who became king of León? Where did Ordoño live? Where did Fruela receive Asturias? When did Alfonso die? When was Castile incorporated into the Kingdom of Castile? In what years did the Black Death occur? Which country did Portugal ally with in 1373? Who did Portugal make an alliance with in 1373? What was the predecessor to the alliance with England? What region of Portugal still has visible English influence to this day? What was the Age of Discovery? Who was Prince Henry the Navigator's father? Which archipelagos did Portugal discover? Where did Portugal discover an eastern route to India? Which country discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope? What did the King's confidence in de Melo increase? What position was Sebastião de Melo made? What country did Sebastião de Melo feel impressed by? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? What were Sebastião de Melo's greatest reforms? What did Sebastião de Melo demarcate the region for? Who did Sebastião de Melo's reforms make enemies of? Who created several companies and guilds to regulate every commercial activity? Who did Sebastião de Melo impose strict law on? When did the Carnation Revolution occur? Where was the Carnation Revolution? What was the result of the transitional period? Who governed Portugal until 1976? Who won the 1976 Portuguese legislative election? Who became Prime Minister of the 1st Constitutional Government? When did Soares become Prime Minister? What model did Portugal adhere to? When was the Portuguese Constitution approved? Why was the Portuguese Constitution rewritten? What type of climate is Portugal? What is the average temperature in mainland Portugal? What is the average temperature in mainland Portugal? How tall are the mountains in the Algarve? What type of climate do the Azores and Madeira have? What type of topography makes weather predictions difficult? What type of climate do the Azores have? What type of trees are found in Gerês? When did the laurissilva forest date back to? What native tree is colonizing many abandoned areas? What is the name of the animal that was found in Setubal? How many natural parks are in Portugal? What type of rainforest is Laurisilva? What type of animal is Felis silvestris? What is Portugal an important stopover for? How many freshwater fish species are in Portugal? Where is the giant European catfish located? Why are some species highly endangered? What type of plankton can be seen in some beaches? How long is the term of the President? Who is the current President? How many deputies are in the Assembly of the Republic? How long is the term of the Assembly of the Republic? How many members are on the Constitutional Court? What are the two main political parties in Portugal? What levels of government does Portugal have? What is the name of the Portuguese Communist Party and Ecologist Party? What percentage of the vote does the Left Bloc and the Social Centre – People's Party get? Who is the Head of State of Portugal? How long is the term of the President of Portugal? How long is the term of the President of Portugal? Who is the Head of State of Portugal? Who acts as the cabinet? What is each government required to do? Who confirms the cabinet in office? Where did Portuguese law apply? What type of police are the PSP? What is the PJ? Who oversees Portugal's criminal investigation police? When did Portugal decriminalize possession of effectively all drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations? How many days worth of personal use is it punishable to possess in Portugal? What do people caught with small amounts of drugs go to? How much did the number of HIV infection cases drop by 2009? How many municipalities are in Portugal? How many municipalities are in Portugal? How many districts are in Continental Portugal? How many branches of the Portuguese military are there? What are the three branches of the Portuguese military? What is the main mission of the Portuguese military? How many active personnel were in the Portuguese military in 2008? How much of Portugal's GDP did the military expenditure in 2009 represent? How many troops does the Army have? What is the name of the infantry brigade? What kind of tanks are in the mechanized brigade? What are the members of the Rapid Reaction Brigade? How many marines are in the Navy? What two major conflicts did Portugal engage in in the 20th century? When was the Portuguese Colonial War? Where have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions? When did the Portuguese Armed Forces intervene in Guinea-Bissau? Who led the Portuguese government after the bailout? What was Pedro Passos Coelho's goal? What did the government do to improve the State's financial situation? What was the average wage of public servants in 2012? When was the Carnation Revolution? How did the Portuguese Republic governments encourage over-expenditure and investment bubbles? Who released a report in January 2011? When was the financial crisis of 2007-08? What were the names of the two Portuguese banks? What were some of the reasons for the losses of the two Portuguese banks? Why was the case of BPN particularly serious? What were some of the reasons for the financial crisis? What is the Portuguese currency? What did the euro replace? What is the name of Portugal's central bank? Where are most industries, businesses and financial institutions concentrated? What sport is Portugal known for? When was the Carnation Revolution? What was the name of the period during which Portugal tried to adapt to a changing global economy? What is Portugal's public consumption-based economic development model focused on? Along with textiles, clothing, footwear, and cork, what is a traditional industry in Portugal? What is the world's leading cork producer? Who bailed out Portugal? When was the bailout agreed to? How much did the bailout cost Portugal? When did Portugal exit the bailout? What was the unemployment rate in the first quarter of 2014? What is agriculture in Portugal based on? What are some of the major agrobusinesses in Portugal? What are some of Portugal's livestock products? What types of products are produced in Portugal? What is the world's oldest canned fish producer? What is the name of the world's oldest canned fish producer? What does Portugal have the highest fish consumption per capita? What is Portugal ranked among Europe's leading minerals producers? Along with tin, tungsten, and uranium, what mineral is produced in Portugal? What type of hydrocarbon activity does Portugal lack? Where is Portugal's iron and coal reserves located? What caused a decrease in extraction activity for iron and coal? Which two companies are in the automotive industry? Which two companies lead the Portuguese aerospace industry? Where is Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa motor vehicle assembly plant located? What are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry? Where are the major biotechnology and information technology industries located? Are visitor numbers forecast to increase or decrease in Portugal? What is the increasing competition from? What has been necessary for Portugal to focus on? What are some of Portugal's niche attractions? Who described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe"? How much did the number of unemployed increase from 2002 to 2007? What was the unemployment rate in December 2009? What was Standard & Poor's rating on Portugal in December 2009? When did Moody's downgraded Portugal's long-term credit assessment? Who did the Prime Minister announce Portugal would request financial assistance from? How many times had the Portuguese government requested external financial aid from the IMF? What was the first time that the Portuguese government requested external financial aid from the IMF? Why did Moody's downgraded nine Portuguese banks? What is the average number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in Portugal? What was the average number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in 2005? What was Portugal's justice system internationally known as? What country had the second slowest justice system in Western Europe in 2011? How many judges and prosecutors does Portugal have? Who announced a significant government plan for the public sector? How many jobs will be cut in the public sector? Why are austerity measures necessary? Along with the European Commission, European Central Bank, and International Monetary Fund, what other organization is responsible for austerity measures in Portugal? What is the retirement age of Passos Coelho? Along with pensions, unemployment benefits, health, education and science expenses, what did Passos Coelho cut? What language did Passos Coelho abolish? What have the policies led to? When did the unemployment rate in Portugal decline to 13.9%? What was the unemployment rate in Portugal in the first quarter of 2013? What was the unemployment rate in 2008? When did the unemployment rate in Portugal reach the 10% mark? What are some tourist hotspots in Portugal? What is one of the largest Roman Catholic shrines in the world? How many shepherd children were apparitions of in Fátima? What is the name of the area north of Douro River valley? What is the 16th European city that attracts the most tourists? What was Portugal's economic growth in the 1970s? How many new motorways did Portugal build in the 1990s? How many miles of motorways does Portugal have? When was the first motorway opened in Portugal? How many square miles isental Portugal? How many international airports are inContinental Portugal? Where are the most important airports inContinental Portugal? What makes Lisbon a stopover for many foreign airlines? What is the primary flag-carrier in Portugal? Where does the national railway system extend? Who manages the national railway system? How many miles of railway lines are electrified? How many miles of railway lines are in service? How many miles of railway lines are electrified? What are the two largest metropolitan areas in Portugal? How many kilometers of lines are in the Porto Metropolitan Area? Who supplied the Lisbon tram service? How long have the Lisbon tram services been supplied? Where are R&D units located in Portugal? What is the name of the autonomous research institution in Portugal? What does MCTES stand for? What is one of the largest non-state-run research institutions in Portugal? What is the Champalimaud Foundation? What is one of the highest monetary prizes in the world? When was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded? What is the name of the largest aquarium in Europe? What is Ciência Viva? Where is the National Museum of Natural History located? What helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses? Where is the Coimbra iParque located? What type of services did companies use in the Portuguese science parks? What are the two most cost-effective renewable sources in Portugal? Where is the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station located? Where is the world's first commercial wave power farm located? What percentage of Portugal's electrical production was derived from hydroelectric dams? What does REN stand for? What does REN use to predict weather? Where did Portugal get electricity before the solar/wind revolution? What type of turbines pump water uphill at night? How did the government encourage rooftop solar panels? What was the population of Portugal in 2011? What percentage of Portugal's population is female? What percentage of Portugal's population was female in 2011? What religion did Moors and Jews convert to? What were Moors and Jews known as after they converted to Catholicism? Where did the Portuguese originate? When did the Portuguese arrive to the European continent? What is the main population source of the Portuguese? What has long since been a cornerstone of Portugal's national identity? What ocean does Portugal look out into? Which two overseas territories did Portugal give up in 1975? What nationality do the vast majority of Brazilians have? How many people lived in Portugal in 2007? What percentage of the Portuguese population are Roman Catholic? What are some of the small religious communities in Portugal? What percentage of the population declared themselves to be non-religious? What percentage of the Portuguese population did not give an answer about their religion? What religion do many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have? During what centuries did the church enjoy both riches and power? What did the growth of liberal and nascent republican movements lead to? When was the First Portuguese Republic formed? When was the Battle of Ourique? Who did Afonso hear on the cross? Why did Afonso Henriques want to create an empire? What is the official language of Portugal? What type of language is Portuguese? Where did Portuguese originate? Where did Galician-Portuguese originate? What language is the Portuguese language derived from? Who spoke Portuguese in the Iberian Peninsula? When did Portugal establish a colonial and commercial empire? How many continents have Portuguese speakers? Which country has the largest number of native Portuguese speakers? What is the total adult literacy rate? What is the total adult literacy rate in Portugal? What percentage of college-age citizens in the United States attend one of the country's higher education institutions? What percentage of college-age citizens in Portugal attend a higher education institution? When did the oldest Portuguese university begin? Where was the oldest Portuguese university established? Where is the oldest Portuguese university located? What is the oldest engineering school in the Americas? What is the oldest medical college in Asia? When was the Bologna process adopted? How are most student costs supported? How old are mature applicants in the Bologna process? What is the Ministry of Health responsible for? How many regional health administrations are in charge of implementing national health policy objectives? What are the regional health administrations responsible for? What do most Portuguese die from? What are the two main components of CVD? What is the single biggest killer in Portugal? What percentage of Portuguese people die from cancer? What is more frequent among women younger than 44 years? What does self-reporting at the household level complement? What percentage of adults rated their health as good or very good in Portugal? When was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established? When was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established? Where is the Belém Cultural Centre located? Where is the Belém Cultural Centre located? How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites are in Portugal? What is the Manueline also known as? What style of architecture is the Manueline? In what century did a 20th century interpretation of traditional architecture appear? Who won the Pritzker Prize? What is Tomás Taveira known for? When did Portuguese cinema begin? Who is one of the Portuguese film directors? Who is one of the noted Portuguese film actors? When did Portuguese cinema begin? Who is one of the Portuguese film directors? Who is one of the noted Portuguese film actors? Who wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas"? What epic poem did Luís de Camões write? What was the main influence of Luís de Camões? Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in what styles? Who wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas"? What is the Portuguese word for dry cod? What are the two most popular fish recipes in Portugal? What is caldeirada? What is a typical Portuguese meat recipe? What is the Portuguese word forrice stewed in pigs blood? What is a typical fast food dish in Portugal? Where did the Portuguese art of pastry originate? What ingredients did the monasteries use? Where are ovos moles from? Who associated Portugal with Bacchus? Who did the Romans associate Portugal with? What is the name of the sweet Portuguese wine? Which two wines are particularly appreciated in a wide range of places around the world? Where is Festival Sudoeste located? What type of festival is Flowfest? How often does the Goa trance festival take place in Portugal? What award did the Boom Festival win in 2010? In what year did Portugal hold the MTV Europe Music Awards? Who are some of Portugal's classical musicians? Who are the violinists in Portugal? Who is the student of Luís de Freitas Branco? Which contemporary composers have achieved international success writing original music for film and television? What century saw the arrival of Modernism? Who influenced Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso? What is one of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso's best known works? Who is one of the most prominent international figures in visual arts? What is the most popular sport in Portugal? Who is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history? Who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or for 2013 and 2014? Who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or for 2013 and 2014? Who is one of the most renowned Portuguese football managers? What are the largest sports clubs in Portugal? What are the largest sports clubs in Portugal called? How many European UEFA club competitions have Sporting CP won? 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Which singer was interrupted at the MTV Video Music Awards in 2009? What type of clothing did West collaborate with Nike, Louis Vuitton, and A.P.C? What is the name of West's creative content company? In what year did Yeezy partner with Adidas? What is Buddhism? Who is commonly known as the Buddha? Where is present-day Nepal? What are the Four Noble Truths? How did Buddha help sentient beings end their suffering? What type of religion is Buddhism? Who is commonly known as the Buddha? When did the Buddha live in Nepal? Where is present-day Nepal? Who is commonly known as the Buddha? Where did the Buddha live? When did the Buddha live in Nepal? Who is commonly known as the Buddha? When did the Buddha live in Nepal? Where did the Buddha live? Who was the Buddha commonly known as? What is another name for Theravada? What is the third branch of Buddhism? Where does Theravada have a widespread following? 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What is the tradition of invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas? Who is ascribed to Buddhaghoṣa? What is one of the earlier biographies of the Buddha? Most scholars accept that Buddha lived, taught and founded what? When was the Theravada ascribed to Buddhaghoṣa? What is one of the earlier biographies of the Buddha? Who is ascribed to the Theravada? Who is ascribed to the Theravada? What type of order do most scholars believe Buddha founded? When did Buddhaghoṣa die? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? What are some reasons to doubt the traditional account of Buddha's life? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? Who preserved the memory of Siddhatta Gotama's life? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? Who did Karen Armstrong write a biography of? Who wrote a biography of the Buddha? When was Siddhārtha Gautama born? Where was Siddhārtha Gautama born? What was Siddhārtha Gautama's father's title? Where was Siddhārtha Gautama born? 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How does samsara arise? How is liberation from samsara possible? What does Karma mean in Sanskrit? What is Karma? The avoidance of unwholesome actions and cultivation of positive actions is called what? What does sīla mean? What does Karma mean in Sanskrit? The avoidance of unwholesome actions and cultivation of positive actions is called what? What does cetanā mean? What does phala mean? What is Karma? The avoidance of unwholesome actions and cultivation of positive actions is called what? What does phala mean? In what Buddhism can there be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? What are the names of the sutras in Mahayana Buddhism? What forms of Buddhism regard the recitation of mantras as a means for cutting off of negative karma? Who did Genshin believe has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? In what Buddhism can there be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? Who did Genshin believe has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? In Theravada Buddhism, what sutra is used as a means for cutting off negative karma? What do some forms of Buddhism regard as a means for cutting off of previous negative karma? Who taught that Amitābha has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? Who did Genshin believe has the power to destroy the karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? What refers to a process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What is the Sanskrit word for anattman? What is pratītyasamutpāda? What is the process of rebirth called? What is the term for the laws of cause and effect? What refers to a process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What do Buddhists refer to themselves as? What does pratītyasamutpāda mean? What is the term for the eternal soul in Hinduism? What are non-returners? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? What are the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds? What are non-returners known as? What is the term for formless realms? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? What are non-returners known as? What is the highest object of meditation? What is the term for formless realms? Along with East Asian and Tibetan Buddhism, what religion has an intermediate state between one life and the next? Which position rejects the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? Where is Samyutta Nikaya from? What is the Tibetan word for intermediate state? Which position rejects the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What is the name of the text that supports the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? According to East Asian Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism, what is the intermediate state between one life and the next? Along with East Asian and Tibetan Buddhism, what religion has an intermediate state between one life and the next? What position rejects the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What does the Samyutta Nikaya contain? What are the Four Noble Truths? What does dukkha mean? What are the Four Noble Truths? What is dukkha? What are the four Noble Truths? What do the four truths explain? What explains the nature of dukkha? What is dukkha commonly translated as? What does dukkha mean? What is dukkha commonly translated as? What is dukkha commonly translated as? How many aspects of dukkha are there? What is another term for dukkha? What does dukkha mean? How many aspects of dukkha are there? What is the second noble truth? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the third noble truth? What is the fourth noble truth? What is the second noble truth? What is the origin of dukkha commonly explained as? What is the root cause of dukkha? How can the origin of dukkha be known? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the root cause of dukkha? What is the origin of dukkha? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What does the Eightfold Path lead to? What is another term for Right View? The Noble Eightfold Path is considered to be what? How many factors are in the Noble Truths? What do the eight factors of the Noble Eightfold Path lead to? The Noble Eightfold Path consists of how many factors? The Noble Eightfold Path is considered to be what? How many factors are in the Noble Eightfold Path? What do the eight factors of the Noble Eightfold Path lead to? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other? How are the factors of the path understood? What are the eight significant dimensions of one's behaviour? Who describes the path as a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other? What did Gautama combine with Kalama? What kind of human did Gautama create? What are brahmaviharas? What does mettā mean? What does the Four Immeasurable Minds cultivate? Who was Gautama's teacher? What did Gautama create? What did Thich Nhat Hanh call the "Four Immeasurable Minds"? Who calls the four immeasurable Minds the "four limitless ones"? What does mettā mean? Who discovered the Middle Way? What is an important guiding principle of Buddhist practice? Who discovered the Middle Way? Along with Abhidharma, what is another term for Reality in Buddhism? What do some schools of Buddhism discourage? Who has produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts? What do some schools of Buddhism discourage? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What did Buddha call the cycle of incessant rebirths? What is the term for liberation? What is the term for liberation? What did the Buddha say one develops dispassion for? How many marks of existence did the Buddha recommend viewing things as? What is impermanence? What does impermanence mean? According to the doctrine of impermanence, what is futile? What is impermanence? What is impermanence? What does impermanence mean? What does the doctrine of impermanence mean? What are some terms used in English to describe suffering? What is the philosophical meaning ofsuffering? What does Buddhism want to be neither pessimistic nor optimistic? What religion seeks to be neither pessimistic nor optimistic? What is the philosophical meaning ofsuffering? What is the philosophical meaning ofsuffering? What is the Sanskrit word for suffering? What is the third mark of existence? What did the Buddha reject as ontological views that bind one to suffering? What did the Buddha do when asked if the self was identical with the body? What did the Buddha believe the parts of a person or object comprise? What is the third mark of existence? What is not meant as a metaphysical assertion but as an approach for gaining release from suffering? What did Buddha reject as ontological views that bind one to suffering? What are skandhas? What is pratītyasamutpāda? What does pratītyasamutpāda mean in English? What is pratītyasamutpāda an important part of? What is the best-known application of the concept of pratītyasamutpāda? What does the scheme of Twelve Nidānas explain? What is the name of the scheme of pratītyasamutpāda? What does the Pāli word Nidāna mean? What describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? What describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? How do Sentient beings free themselves from this suffering? What does the absence of the first Nidāna lead to? What does the absence of the first Nidāna do? What kind of beings always suffer throughout saṃsāra? What does dukkha mean? How do Sentient beings free themselves from this suffering? What does the absence of the first Nidāna lead to? What was Nagarjuna's main contribution to Buddhism? What does śūnyatā mean? According to Nagarjuna, sentient beings are empty of what? What are dharmas? Who criticized Sarvastivada teachings? Who were two scholars who reformulated Sarvastivada teachings? What is the term used to describe the belief that the mind and only the mind are real? Who were two scholars who reformulated Sarvastivada teachings? What does tathāgatagarbha mean? What do Mahayana schools place emphasis on? Who teaches Tibetan Buddhism? Which school refers to the innate qualities of the mind that expresses themselves as omniscience? What is another name for Buddha-nature? What does Nirvana mean? What is the term for anybody who has achieved nirvana? What is the term for anybody who has achieved nirvana? What term means Awakening of arahants? Bodhi carried a meaning synonymous to what? What does bodhi imply? What does dosa mean? What does moha mean? Which arahant achieves nirvana? What does the arahant become in Theravada Buddhism? What has the arahant attained? What is the term used to describe the complete nirvana attained by the arahant? Who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance? A Buddha is no longer bound by what? What does a Buddha end? How many Buddhas are in the Pali Canon? What is another name for Maitreya? What does the Mahayana tradition have many Buddhas of? In Theravada doctrine, what are people called? What are people who awaken from the sleep of ignorance called? What do nirvana and Bodhi carry the same meaning? What is the extinction of hatred and greed with some residue of delusion called? Who is seen as the eternal Buddha himself? Who is seen as the eternal Buddha himself? In what sutras is the Buddha seen as one? What is the illusion of the Buddha's death? Who is allowed to offer new truths based on the Buddha's input? Mahayana differs from Theravada in its concept of what? What do bodhisattvas mean? Which form of Buddhism is the most faith-orientated? Which form of Buddhism is the most faith-orientated? Who made the great vow to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? What is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? Who believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes? Who said that Buddhas arise one at a time in this world element? What is another name for Pure Land? What does Bodhisattva mean? What is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood? What text contains a simple definition for the term bodhisattva? What text contains a simple definition for the term bodhisattva? What text contains a simple definition for the term bodhisattva? Who encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas? What vow does Mahayana Buddhism encourage everyone to take? What are the six perfections in Mahayana Buddhism? Who often cites Shantideva's favorite verse? Most Buddhists practice what type of practice? Along with bowing, offerings, pilgrimage, and chanting, what is a Devotional practice? Buddhism traditionally incorporates states of what? What is the most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas? What is the difference between the Buddha's teaching and the yoga presented in early texts? What did the Buddha say must be combined with meditative absorption? Who built upon the yogis' concern with introspection? What are to be developed at all times in Buddhism? What type of knowledge was indicated as a result of practice both within and outside of the Buddhist fold? What did Buddha share with other traditions of his day? The idea that ethics are causally related to the attainment of what was original? What are the earliest describing meditation techniques? What are the earliest describing meditation techniques? How many Upanishads are written after the rise of Buddhism? What is there no convincing evidence for in early Brahminic texts? What do the cosmological statements in the Upanishads reflect? What text contains evidence for contemplative tradition? In Mahayana, who is perceived as possessed of an eternal and unchanging essence? In which text is the practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or unborn children mentioned? In what language does Buddhism sometimes add a fourth refuge? The Three Jewels are perceived as possessed of what? What are the Three Jewels perceived as possessed of? Who presented himself as a model? What provides a refuge by providing guidelines for alleviation of suffering? What is considered to provide refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha? What is the Sanskrit word for virtuous behavior? What is the second term for moral purity? What acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What is the foundation of Samdhi/Bhāvana? What acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What does Śīla refer to? How many precepts are there in the sīla? What do the eight precepts add to asceticism? What do laypeople undertake voluntarily to facilitate practice? What do dana and dana cultivate? What is likely in Buddhist thought? What is the third precept? What is the third precept on sexual misconduct? How many precepts may be observed by laypeople for short periods? Which precept is partitioned into two? How many precepts do Novice-monks use? What is the precise content of the Patimokkha? How many precepts are in the Patimokkha? What is the precise content of Vinaya? What does the Buddha constantly remind his hearers? What are monastic rules designed to assure? What do monastic rules provide a springboard for? What are monastics instructed by Buddha to live as? What is the name of the text in Eastern Buddhism? What is frowned upon in Eastern Buddhism? In what country has the monastic vinaya almost completely replaced? What is Chán? How many jhānas did the Buddha teach? What is samyaksamdhi? What does samyak mean? What is one's mind purified of? What is the Sanskrit word for strong concentration? What is the Sanskrit term for insight? What is essential to mental concentration? Samatha meditation starts from being mindful of what? What does samatha mean? What type of meditation can calm the mind? Vipassanā meditation can reveal how the mind was? What does vipassanā mean? What does vipassana mean? What does vipassana lead to? What is the cause of human existence and suffering identified as? What does craving carry with it in Theravāda Buddhism? What are the main afflictions of Theravadins? What is the ultimate goal of Theravadins? How many Noble Truths are in the Mahayana? What is the term used to describe wisdom that can extinguish afflictions? What is the Sanskrit word for wisdom? How is prajñā attained? At what point could one attain Nirvana? How is prajñā attained? What is the Chinese word for Zen Buddhism? What is the Chinese word for Buddhism? What is the Chinese word for Buddhism? What does Zen Buddhism focus on? How many schools are in Zen Buddhism? What is another name for Sōtō? What type of teaching is often full of paradox? What is another name for Formless Self? What must not be allowed to confine and bind one? What is Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism based on? What is Vajrayana? What is another name for Vajrayana? What is one component of Tantric Buddhism? During what time period did the religious thought of ancient India begin? Where did samsara, karma and moksha originate? What were the members of the shramanas called? The shramanas were a continuation of what? Where did Buddhism arise? What was the capital of Sravasti? When did Brahmanism spread into Greater Magadha? In which of the Upanishads was philosophical thought reflected? Who was an atomist? What group emphasized the rule of fate? What group emphasized the rule of fate? What type of sacrifice did the Buddha criticize the Buddha? What hymn did the Buddha mock? What did the Brahmins introduce to the Vedic Veda? Who did the Buddha refuse to pay respect to? What is a matter of dispute? What is the relationship between dhyana and insight? What did Rupa Jhanas do? What was the name of the text that Schmithausen added to early Buddhism? What theory did Schmithausen question? What did the Buddha introduce in the Sutta Pitaka? What did Bronkhorst believe was a Buddhist invention? What was the Buddha's way to release? Where did the Buddha gain bodhi? How many truths did the Mahāsaccakasutta mention? How did the four truths depict the path of practice? What is the common term for the desired goal of this practice? What are the other terms used for the practice of Nirvāna? What is the common term for the desired goal of this practice? What was Vetter's initial description of the Buddhist path? How manyfold did Vetter's description of the Buddhist path increase? What did the four truths become a substitution for? What is prajna? Who may have been adjusted to the need of each person? How many marks of existence may reflect Upanishadic or other influences? How many periods of Indian Buddhism are there? What is another name for Pre-sectarian Buddhism? What is another name for Nikaya Buddhism? What is another name for Vajrayana Buddhism? What is Esoteric Buddhism also known as? What is the earliest phase of Buddhism? What are the Five Aggregates? What are the four Noble Truths? What was the name of the first Buddhist council? Who was a cousin of the Buddha? What did Ānanda recite in the first Buddhist council? What did Ānanda recite in the first Buddhist council? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Sangha break into separate factions? Which group argued that the Sthaviras were trying to expand the vinaya? What was the name of the losing party in the Second Council dispute? What did the Mahasanghika argue the Sthaviras were trying to expand? What school gave rise to several schools? What type of monasteries did the Sthaviras live in? What was one of the causes of the schisms? What was the name of the scholastic reworking of doctrinal material appearing in Suttas? What do the Abhidharma texts contain? When did the Abhidharma texts begin to appear? Which school had an Abhidhamma Pitaka? What sūtras are among the earliest Mahāyāna sūTras? Where is the Kṛṣṇa River located? What are the earliest Mahāyāna sūtras? When were the first versions of the Prajñāpāramitā genre written? Where did the Prajñāpāramitas originate? When can the ancient Buddhist sites in the Kṛṣṇa Valley be traced to? Where did early Mahayana scriptures originate? What type of school did the early schools of Buddhism belong to? What is the name of the ordination lineage from the early schools of Buddhism? What type of monasteries did the Chinese monks live in? What language did Lokakṣema originate from? Who was the first translator of Mahāyāna sūtras into Chinese? What is one of the earliest versions of the Prajñāpāramitā series? In what century was Akṣobhya Buddha probably composed? What type of thought developed during the Late Mahayana Buddhism? What type of thought developed during the Late Mahayana Buddhism? Along with Madhyamaka, Yogacara, and Tathagatagarbha, what was the last major philosophical school in India? Who was a public supporter of Buddhism? What type of memorials did Ashoka build? What are stūpas? Where were emissaries sent to to spread Buddhism? Who were the emissaries accompanied by? Why were emissaries sent to various countries west of India? Along with Persian and Greek, what other cultures influenced Buddhism? What Greek king has been immortalized in the Buddhist canon? When did the Theravada school spread south from India? When did the Theravada school spread south from India? When were the first translations of Buddhism in China? When did the Mahayana Sutras spread to China? Where did the Mahayana Sutras spread to? When did Esoteric Buddhism spread from India to Tibet and Mongolia? Which Asian countries are starting to fund Buddhist shrines? What does the Dharma mean? What is the Sangha? What is Buddhism seen as in the West? What has increasingly lead to new forms of Buddhism that significantly depart from traditional beliefs? When did modern movements in Buddhism emerge? What is another name for the Dalit Buddhist movement? What is the name of the modern movement in Nichiren Buddhism? What is Soka Gakkai? What is Soka Gakkai International? What is Soka Gakkai International? How many people practice Buddhism? What country has the largest population of Buddhists? How many Buddhists live in China? How many adherents does Mahayana have? How many adherents does Theravada have? How many Buddhists are found outside of Asia? How many Buddhists were in Asia in 1910? How many Buddhists were in Asia in 2010? How many Buddhists were in Asia in 2010? What does Hinayana mean? What is the name of the family of early philosophical schools and traditions from which contemporary Theravada emerged? What do not all traditions of Buddhism share? What is a Buddhist ecumenical organization? What is the name of the oldest Buddhist school? Where does Theravada come from? What did Sinhalese Buddhist reformers portray as the original version of scripture? Where does Theravāda have a growing presence? Who believes that personal effort is required to realize rebirth? What do laypersons produce? What was the most important university in north-eastern India? What sutras do Mahayana schools recognize all or part of? What did some of the sutras become for Mahayanists? What sutras were used to lay the foundations for the later attainment of Buddhahood? What is another name for Eastern Buddhism? What is Vajrayana also known as? What school of Buddhism is the most widely practiced today? What did the royal courts sponsor? Who taught the Mañjusrimulakalpa mantras? Who wrote the Guhyasiddhi? What type of texts are mainly written in Pāli? Some schools venerate certain texts as what? Does Buddhism have a single central text? The Tibetan Buddhists have not translated most of what? What is the common core of all Buddhist traditions? What are the size and complexity of the Buddhist canons? What was championed as a unifying scripture in Sri Lanka? What are the major principles of Buddhism? What was the name of the text that combined popular and influential scriptures into single volumes? What philosophy did Goddard focus on? What is the name of Ambedkar's single document of Buddhist principles? What does Pāli Tipitaka mean? Which Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha? Which Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for Buddhist monks and nuns? What is the name of the Pitaka? Which Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha? What is the only Tipitaka to survive intact in its original language? How many pitakas did some early schools of Buddhism have? Who presided at the first Buddhist council? What was the goal of the first Buddhist council? Who recited the vinaya? Who was the Buddha's personal attendant? What did Ānanda recite? What school preserved teachings from the early non-sectarian body of teachings? Who may have added texts to the Canon for some time? What are the Mahayana sutras? What are the Mahayana sutras? Who criticized the early teachings of the Mahayana? What sutras often claim to articulate the Buddha's deeper, more advanced doctrines? What is the name of the Buddha's vehicle? What path do the Mahayana sutras claim to articulate? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? How were the Mahayana sutras transmitted? How many Mahayana sutras have survived? Which religion recognizes some sutras regarded by scholars as of Chinese rather than Indian origin? When did the Mahayana sutras begin to influence the behavior of mainstream Buddhists? What was the pejorative label given to Hinnayana groups? Which school does not include the Mahayana scriptures in its canon? Where did the modern Theravada school come from? What is the term used to describe the Theravada school? What term was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion? What was the more politically correct and more usual term used by Mahāyānists? What provides many opportunities for comparative study with a diverse range of subjects? What does Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way provide a unique guideline for? Along with moral and spiritual aspects, what other aspect of Buddhism has been studied? Buddhism's moral and spiritual parallels with what other system of thought have been studied? What is dependent origination compared to? What religion is considered to be a religion? What religion is considered to be a religion? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? What is the American Idol format based on? On what channel did American Idol begin airing? Who produced American Idol? What is the American Idol format based on? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did American Idol begin airing? What is the American Idol format based on? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the original host of American Idol? Who was the most recent judge of American Idol? Who was the original host of American Idol? Who was the original host of American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the most recent judge of American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the original judge of American Idol? Who was the most recent judge on American Idol? Who hosted American Idol for the most recent season? How many Billboard chart-toppers did American Idol spawn? Who is one of the pop idols on American Idol? Who said American Idol was the most impactful show in the history of television? Who is one of the pop idols on American Idol? What is the name of one of the pop idols that was featured on American Idol? Who is one of the pop idols on American Idol? What is the name of one of the pop idols that was featured on American Idol? How many Billboard chart-toppers did American Idol spawn? Who said American Idol was the most impactful show in the history of television? When did American Idol end? When did American Idol end? How many years did American Idol last? How many consecutive years was American Idol ranked at number one in television ratings? When did American Idol end? Which New Zealand television singing competition inspired American Idol? Who created American Idol? When did American Idol debut? Who was the showrunner? Who was the showrunner? Which New Zealand television singing competition inspired American Idol? Who was the showrunner? What type of voting was added to American Idol? When did American Idol debut? Who was the showrunner? How many consecutive seasons was American Idol the most watched show in the US? When did American Idol: The Search for a Superstar begin? In what year did Fuller, Cowell, and Jones try to sell Pop Idol to the US? Who convinced Murdoch to buy Pop Idol? Who bought Pop Idol in 2001? What was the new name of American Idol? How many seasons did the judges stay on the judging panel? How many judges did the show originally plan to have? Who was the fourth judge in the second season? Who was the fourth judge? How many judges did the show originally plan to have? Who was the fourth judge? Who was the fourth judge in the second season? How long did the judges stay on the judging panel? Who was added as a fourth judge in season eight? Who replaced Paula Abdul in season 8? How long did Kara DioGuardi stay on The X Factor? When did Simon Cowell announce he was leaving the show? What was Simon Cowell's show called? Who was added as a fourth judge in season eight? When did Paula Abdul leave the show? When did Simon Cowell announce he was leaving the show? Who replaced Paula Abdul in season 8? When did Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler leave the show? In what season did Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb join as judges? Who was the season eight runner-up? In what season did Donna Summer and Quentin Tarantino join as judges? What season did Jewel and Newton-John appear in? When was the season nine runner-up? Who was one of the guest judges in season two? When was Shania Twain in season eight? In what season did Donna Summer and Quentin Tarantino join as judges? Who co-hosted the first season? Who was the sole emcee of the first season? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season? What did permanent mentors help with? Who was the mentor in the tenth and twelfth seasons? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season? What is the maximum age range for contestants? When was the upper age limit raised to twenty-eight? What is the semi-final stage? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? What is the only audition stage shown on television? How many auditions are there in each city? What is the only audition stage shown on television? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? Who can sing in front of the judges? Where are the judges sent? How many rounds of eliminations did the group round last? In which seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood? How many contestants were in the group round? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood? How many rounds of eliminations were there in Hollywood? In which seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody? Where was the Sudden Death round added? What round was added in season twelve? How many nights did the Sudden Death round last? How many text messages were sent to American Idol by season eight? How many votes were cast in the first season? Who verified the votes? How is the fate of the contestants decided? How many votes were cast in the first season? How many votes were cast in the first season? How many finalists were there in season one? Who was chosen by the judges in season one? How many groups were there in season one? How many groups were there in season two and three? In which season did only one wildcard contestant make the finals? How many finalists were there in season one? How many finalists were there in the first three seasons? How many semi-finalists were there? How were the semi-finalists divided? How many of the top twelve were eliminated each week? How many of the top twelve were eliminated each week? How many semi-finalists were there? How many wildcards were in the final 13? How many wildcards were there in season eight? How many semifinalists were split into gender groups? How many semifinalists were there in season twelve? When did the wildcard round return? How many wildcards were there in season eight? How many wildcards were in the final 13? How many semifinalists were in season twelve? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor in season ten? How many weeks did the finals last? How many weeks did the finals last? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor in season ten? How many weeks did the finals last? How many songs are in the top four or five? How many episodes of Idol Gives Back are there? How many times can the save be used? What is one of the most popular contestants usually sent to? When was the first ever Idol Gives Back episode? How many contestants were in the "Fan Save"? How are viewers able to vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What was introduced in the fourteenth season? How are viewers able to vote for the contestants in danger of elimination? What is the name of the final show? Where did the finale take place in season seven? What is the audience capacity of the Dolby Theatre? What is the last episode of the season? Where was the finale of season one broadcast? What is the audience capacity of the Dolby Theatre? How many people attended the Gibson Amphitheatre in season two? What theater holds over 7,000 people? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? Who signed the winner of the fourteenth season? How long did BMG and UMG have the right of first refusal to sign contestants? What does the winner receive? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? Who signed the winner of the fourteenth season? What does each successful contestant receive? What does each successful contestant receive? Who votes for the contestants? How many seasons were contestants allowed to perform with a musical instrument? Who led the American Idol band from season four to 9? When did the American Idol band move to Wednesdays and Thursdays? Who led the American Idol band from season four to 9? Who led the American Idol band from season four to 9? Who led the American Idol band from season four to 9? How many seasons were contestants allowed to perform with a musical instrument? On what network did the first season of American Idol air? When did the first season of American Idol begin? Who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? When did the first season of American Idol begin? On what network did the first season of American Idol air? Who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? How many contestants attended the audition rounds? How many contestants were selected in the audition rounds? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? Who was the first openly gay contestant? Why was Christina Christian eliminated? How many contestants attended the audition rounds? How many contestants were eliminated in the audition rounds? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? What was Tamyra Gray eliminated from? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? When did Clarkson win the crown? Who won the final showdown? When did Clarkson win the crown? Who won the final showdown? Who won the final showdown? When did Clarkson win the crown? What was the name of the single that Clarkson released after the finale? What was the name of the musical film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many album sales did Clarkson have worldwide? What was the name of the single that Clarkson released after the finale? Which song did Clarkson perform during the finale? What was the name of the single that Clarkson released after the finale? Which band broke the record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the name of the musical film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many album sales did Clarkson have worldwide? When was the second season moved up to air? Who was a correspondent for the second season? When was the second season moved up to air? Who was a correspondent for the second season? Who did Corey Clark allege had an affair with? Which semi-finalist was disqualified for having previously modelled for an adult website? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? Who was disqualified for an arrest on an assault charge? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? Which semi-finalist was disqualified for having previously modelled for an adult website? Who was disqualified for an arrest on an assault charge? Who emerged as the winner? How many votes did Studdard get? Who beat Studdard? How many votes did Studdard get? Who was the executive producer prior to season five? Who emerged as the winner? Who beat Studdard? How many votes did Studdard get? How many votes did Studdard get? Who beat Studdard? What was the name of the song Aiken performed? Who was the fourth-place finisher? What was the name of the single Aiken released from the show? What was the name of the song Aiken performed? What was the name of the single Aiken released from the show? Who performed the coronation song "Flying Without Wings"? Who was the fourth-place finisher? When did season three of Idol begin? Who sang Ricky Martin's "She Bangs"? Who sang Ricky Martin's "She Bangs"? When did season three of Idol begin? Who sang Ricky Martin's "She Bangs"? Who sang Ricky Martin's "She Bangs"? What were the three black singers called? Who was one of Elton John's mentors? Who called the results of the votes "incredibly racist"? Who received a death threat? What were the three black singers called? Who was one of Elton John's mentors? Who called the results of the votes "incredibly racist"? Who received a death threat? Who released the song "I Believe"? What was Fantasia's coronation single? What was Fantasia's coronation single? What was Fantasia's name? Who considered Fantasia his favorite Idol moment? Which two finalists were crowned as the winner? What was Barrino's name? What was Fantasia's coronation single? Who replaced Mario Vazquez? Who replaced Mario Vazquez? What company produced the show Mario Vazquez? Who dropped out of the top 12 finalists? What week was the top 11 week? How long was the result reveal postponed? In what year was Carrie Underwood announced the winner of American Idol? How many albums has Carrie Underwood sold worldwide? What was Carrie Underwood's coronation song? How many Grammy Awards has Carrie Underwood won? In what year was Carrie Underwood announced the winner of American Idol? How many Grammy Awards has Carrie Underwood won? What was Carrie Underwood's coronation song? How many albums did Carrie Underwood sell? What is the highest-rated season in the show's run? Who were disqualified for identity theft? What is the highest-rated season in the show's run? When did season five begin? Who were disqualified for identity theft? Who performed the song "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)? Who performed the song "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)? Who performed the song "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)? Who performed the song "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)? What was Chris Daughtry's new title? Who performed the song "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)? What was Live's version of? What was Daughtry criticized for? Who won American Idol in 2006? What was the name of Taylor Hicks' first single? What was the name of Taylor Hicks' first single? When was Taylor Hicks named American Idol? Who won American Idol in 2006? What was the name of Taylor Hicks' first single? What was the name of Taylor Hicks' first single? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? Who became the most successful recording artist from this season? When did season six begin? How many viewers watched the premiere of season six? When did season six begin? How many viewers watched the premiere of season six? Who was the most talked-about contestant? Who encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya? What was Sanjaya Malakar's name? When was Sanjaya Malakar voted off? Who was the most talked-about contestant? Who was the most talked-about contestant? What was Sanjaya Malakar's hairstyle? What was Sanjaya Malakar's name? Who encouraged fans to vote for Sanjaya? When was Sanjaya Malakar voted off? What was the name of the first telethon-inspired event? How much money did the first Idol Gives Back event raise? Who was eliminated in the final three? What was the name of the first telethon-inspired event? Who was eliminated in the final three of Idol Gives Back? Who was eliminated in the final three? Who won the May 23 season finale? Who was the winner of the May 23 season finale? On what date was Jordin Sparks declared the winner? On what date was Jordin Sparks declared the winner? Who won the May 23 season finale? Who was the winner of the May 23 season finale? In what year was season four aired in high definition? How many auditions were there in 2005? How many auditions were there in 2005? What season was the first to be aired in high definition? What season was the first to be aired in high definition? On what date did season four begin? What was the first season to be aired in high definition? How many auditions were there in 2005? How many auditions were there in 2005? When was the American Idol Songwriter contest released? What was the winning American Idol Songwriter song? How many entries were there in the American Idol Songwriter contest? What contest was launched in 2007? What was the winner of the American Idol Songwriter contest? How many songs were submitted for the American Idol Songwriter contest? What was the winning American Idol Songwriter song? When was the American Idol Songwriter contest released? When did season seven begin? Which Contestant attracted attention due to his past employment as a stripper? Who had prior recording contracts? On what date did season seven premiere? Which Contestant attracted attention due to his past employment as a stripper? What did the media focus on? Who had prior recording contracts? What was the name of the artist who was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance? Who was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show? Who said he was 'flattered'? On what date did American Idol debut a new set and stage? On what date did American Idol debut a new set and stage? Who said he was 'flattered'? Who was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show? Who performed John Lennon'sImagine? When was Jennifer Lopez brought in as a judge? What was Jason Castro's semi-final performance of? Who performed the song "Hallelujah"? Where were contestants' recordings released? What was David Archuleta's performance of? Who was brought in as a judge in season ten? Who performed the semi-final performance of "Hallelujah"? Who performed the song "Hallelujah"? Where were contestants' recordings released? Who was the first rocker to win the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? When was David Cook announced the winner? Who was the first rocker to win the show? What was the winning song of the American Idol Songwriter contest? What contest was held in 2008? When was the winning song released? What was the winning song of the American Idol Songwriter contest? When was "The Time of My Life" released? On what date did season eight begin? Who did Darnell focus his attention on? Who is Mike Darnell? On what date did season eight of The Simpsons begin? On what date did season eight of Fox's alternative programming begin? Who is the president of alternative programming for Fox? Who did Darnell focus his attention on? Who was the fourth judge? How long did the Hollywood round last? What show did Nigel Lythgoe focus on? Where was the Hollywood round moved to? Why was Idol Gives Back canceled? How many judges did Kara DioGuardi have? Who was the fourth judge? What show did Nigel Lythgoe focus on? Where was the Hollywood round moved to? What was the name of the show that was canceled for this season? How many finalists were there this season? Who was saved from elimination at the top seven? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who was eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were there this season? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who was saved from elimination at the top seven? Who won the contest? Who won the contest? In what state did AT&T employees give lessons on power-texting? How many votes did Allen get? Who won the contest? What was the most controversial voting result since season two? How many votes did Allen get? Who gave lessons on power-texting at viewing parties? What was the name of the coronation song written by Allen and Lambert? Who co-wrote the song "No Boundaries"? What was the name of the coronation song written by Allen and Lambert? Who co-wrote the song "No Boundaries"? What was the first season in which the winner failed to achieve gold album status? How many albums did the winner of the coronation win? When did season nine begin? Who replaced Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? When did Ellen DeGeneres replace Paula Abdul? On what date did season nine begin? Who did Ellen DeGeneres replace as judge? Who replaced Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? When did Ellen DeGeneres replace Paula Abdul? What type of diabetes did Crystal Bowersox have? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? What disease caused Crystal Bowersox to fall ill? What type of diabetes did Crystal Bowersox have? What week did Crystal Bowersox fall ill? Why did Crystal Bowersox fall ill? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? Who wanted to disqualify Crystal Bowersox? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? Who was invited back to be a mentor? How much money did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was the lowest vote getter at the top nine? Who was invited back to be a mentor? Who was presented in the finale for his final season with the show? What was presented in the finale of the show? Who was presented in the finale for his final season with the show? Who made an appearance in the finale? Who was declared the winner on May 26? What song did DeWyze choose? On what date was DeWyze declared the winner? Who was declared the winner on May 26? What song did DeWyze choose? Which song did DeWyze and Bowersox choose? When did season ten of American Idol begin? How many episodes of American Idol premiered on January 19, 2011? Who was the chairman of Interscope Geffen A&M? Why did Simon Cowell leave? Who returned as executive producer of American Idol? When did season ten of American Idol begin? Who returned as executive producer of American Idol? Who joined Randy Jackson as judges? Who was the chairman of Interscope Geffen A&M? What season was the first to include online auditions? How did Karen Rodriguez enter the final rounds of the online audition? How did Karen Rodriguez enter the final rounds of the online audition? What was the first online audition? How did Karen Rodriguez enter the final rounds of the online audition? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? In which round of the Top 40 was Medina eliminated? Who missed the Top 13 result show? Who missed the Top 13 result show? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? In which round of the Top 40 did Medina get cut? Who missed the Top 13 result show? What was the Top 13 result show? Who missed the Top 13 result show? Who was eliminated on April 7, 2011? Which actor was criticized for being eliminated? Who was eliminated on April 7, 2011? Which actor was criticized for being eliminated? What was Scotty McCreery's nationality? Which two finalists won American Idol in 2011? What was the name of McCreery's first single? What was the name of Alaina's debut album? What was the first debut album by an Idol winner to reach No. 1 on the Billboard 200? When did McCreery win American Idol? Which two finalists won American Idol in 2011? Who was the youngest male winner of American Idol? When did season 11 begin? How many finalists made it to the Top 24? Who was disqualified for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants? On what date did season 11 begin? Who was disqualified for concealing arrests and outstanding warrants? When was Jermaine Jones disqualified? Why was Jermaine Jones disqualified? Which finalist suffered from kidney pain? What was Phillip Phillips' blockage caused by? How many surgeries did Phillip Phillips have? Which finalist suffered from kidney pain? Which finalist suffered from kidney pain? What was Phillip Phillips suffering from? Who received the most votes during the Top 7 week? Who received the most votes during the Top 7 week? Who was the only contestant sent home? How many times did Sanchez make the final two? Who received the fewest votes during the Top 7? Who received the most votes during the Top 7 week? Who was the only contestant sent home? Who did Ace Young propose marriage to? How many runners-up did Ace Young propose marriage to? How many times did Ace Young propose to season five finalist Diana DeGarmo? Who beat Sanchez? What season did Ace Young propose marriage to? Who did Ace Young propose marriage to? What song did Phillips release as his coronation song? What song did Sanchez release as his coronation song? What song did Phillips release as his coronation song? What song did Sanchez release as his coronation song? What song did Phillips release as his coronation song? When did season 12 of Dancing with the Stars begin? Which judges left the show after two seasons? Who leaked a video of the feud between Minaj and Carey? When did season 12 of Dancing with the Stars begin? How many judges did season 12 have? How many male contestants were eliminated in the first five weeks? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants started with five males and five females? How many male contestants were eliminated in the first five weeks? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants were eliminated in the first week? Who was the first female to win American Idol? Who released "All Cried Out"? What single did Candice Glover release as a single? What was the name of the single Candice Glover released after the show? Who was the first female to win American Idol? Who released "All Cried Out"? What single did Candice Glover release as a single? What was the name of the single Candice Glover released after the show? Why was Candice Glover the runner-up? Who announced that he would no longer serve as a judge? How many judges did Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj leave after? Who announced that he would no longer serve as a judge? Who decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers? When did the thirteenth season of the show begin? Who was the host of the thirteenth season? What role did Keith Urban play on the thirteenth season? Who replaced Ken Warwick as director of audition episodes? On what date did the thirteenth season premiere? Who moved from the judging panel to the role of in-mentor? Which former judge joined Urban on the panel? Who was Jennifer Lopez's former mentor? Who replaced Ken Warwick as director of audition episodes? Who received the most votes in the Top 8? What was the name of the performance night in the 500th episode? What were contestants allowed to do in the final rounds? Who received the most votes in the Top 8? Who received the most votes in the Top 8? What was the name of the performance night in the 500th episode? Who released "As Long as You Love Me"? Who released "As Long as You Love Me"? What was Caleb Johnson's coronation single? What song did Jena Irene release as her coronation single? Who released "As Long as You Love Me"? Who released "As Long as You Love Me"? What was Caleb Johnson's coronation single? What song did Jena Irene release as her coronation single? When did the fourteenth season begin? Who was the host of the fourteenth season? Who was the Eighth season runner-up? Who did Keith Urban and Harry Connick, Jr. serve as judges for? Who did not return as the in-house mentor for this season? On what date did the fourteenth season premiere? Who was the Eighth season runner-up? How many episodes a week did the final ten of the show air? Which company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which company ended their sponsorship of the show? What record label did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? How many episodes a week did the final ten of the show air? Which company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which company ended their sponsorship of the show? What record label did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? Who was the first winner from the Northeast region? Who released the single "Champion"? What was the name of the third place finalist? Which single did Fradiani release as his coronation single? What was the name of the single released by Jax? Who was the first winner from the Northeast region? Who released the single "Champion"? Which single did Fradiani release as his coronation single? What was the name of the single that Nick Fradiani released as his coronation single? What was the name of the third place finalist? When was the fifteenth season of American Idol announced? How many seasons of American Idol will be there? When did Fox announce that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol? Who are the judges on American Idol? Who returns as host of American Idol? When was the fifteenth season of American Idol announced? Who returns as host of American Idol? How many contestants have appeared in the finals of all seasons of Idol? In what year did Idol begin? In 2012, an analysis of the 131 contestants who have appeared in all seasons of the show up to that point found that 48% have some connection to what region? Where are the finalists from? Where are the finalists from? How many of the fourteen Idol winners have come from the Southern United States? Who is one of the finalists from the South? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants through January 2010? What percentage of people in the East Central region were more likely to watch American Idol? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants through January 2010? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants in January 2010? Who was the season five winner? What state is Taylor Hicks from? Where is the Bible Belt located? Where is the Bible Belt located? What state is Taylor Hicks from? What is the term used to describe a white male who plays the guitar? Who was named the winner of American Idol? What book did Richard Rushfield write? How many consecutive seasons was the title given to a white male? What instrument did the white male play? What is the term used to describe a white male who plays the guitar? Who wrote the book American Idol: The Untold Story? Who was named the winner of American Idol? Who gave a large part of their future earnings to the management? Who did Ruben Studdard beat in season two? Who did Ruben Studdard beat in season two? When did DialIdol close? How many text votes were there in season 8? When did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? When did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote? What has been expressed from the very first season? When did Vote for the Girls start? When did DialIdol close? What is the name of the charity event that started in season six? How much money has the Idol Gives Back event raised? What is the name of the charity event that started in season six? When did Idol Gives Back begin? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers did the first show draw? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? What year did American Idol premiere? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers did the first show draw? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? How many viewers watched the season premiere of American Idol? How many viewers watched the season premiere? Who won the finale of American Idol? In what season did American Idol become the most watched series amongst all viewers? When did American Idol peak? How many viewers watched the season premiere of American Idol? How many viewers watched the season premiere? How many episodes of American Idol were there in season four? Which season of American Idol saw a steady decline in viewership? Which season of American Idol saw a steady decline in viewership? What was the nickname given to the Cosby Show? Which network called The Cosby Show "the Death Star"? Which season of American Idol saw a steady decline in viewership? What was the nickname given to the Cosby Show? What did season six show? What was the average ratings for season six? What season was the most watched TV network in the country? What union strike took place between 2007 and 2008? What season was the most watched TV network in the country? Who was eliminated in season seven? What season was the most watched TV network in the country? How did Fox become the most watched TV network in the country? What union strike took place between 2007 and 2008? On what date did NBC's All in the Family air? Who broke the record of five consecutive seasons of American Idol? When did NBC's coverage of the Winter Olympics take place? When did NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics take place? How many viewers watched the 2010 Winter Olympics? How many consecutive seasons did American Idol have? What was the median age of viewers in the first season? What was the median age of viewers in the first season? What was the median age of viewers in the first season? What was the median age of viewers in the first season? How many years did American Idol lose the leading position in total viewers? Which network had the longest period of 18-49 demographic victory? How many years did American Idol lose the leading position in total viewers? What was the average viewers for the season 12 finale? How many viewers did the finale of American Idol have? In what year did American Idol lose its Top 30 ranking? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? What was the average viewers for the season 12 finale? Who was the major sponsor of American Idol in season 14? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? On May 11, how many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? On what date did the fifteenth season of American Idol end? How many viewers watched the finale of American Idol? How many years did American Idol last? How many consecutive years did Glee win over advertisers? Who claimed that Glee saved Fox? Who claimed that Glee saved Fox? Who was the creator of Glee? Along with So You Think You Can Dance, what non-singing TV show was inspired by Dancing with the Stars? What singing competition show was inspired by Rock Star? What is one of the most successful shows on US television history? What is one of the most successful shows on US television history? What is one of the most successful shows on US television history? How many number ones did American Idol alumni achieve on the Billboard charts? Who is the president of Mediabase? Who led the field with over four million spins? How many number ones did American Idol alumni achieve on the Billboard charts? Who is the author of books on the Billboard charts? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many albums did American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many albums did American Idol alumni have in 2013? How many albums did American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many albums did American Idol alumni have in 2013? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? Who was Jennifer Hudson's vocal coach? In what type of theater is the impact of American Idol strongly felt? Who won a role in Dreamgirls? What was Jennifer Hudson's role in? Who was Jennifer Hudson's vocal coach? Who said that American Idol is crazily entertaining? What did the season one winner sing? Who called American Idol a "sadistic musical bake-off"? Who said that American Idol is crazily entertaining? Who said that American Idol is a conniving multimedia monster? Where did the season one winner sing the national anthem? What magazine did Slezak work for? Who did Ramin Setoodeh accuse of putting the rest of us in the mud with? Which singer disparaged the contestants? Who accused judge Simon Cowell of cruel critiques? What did Sheryl Crow think of Idol? Which Pop music critic said that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook"? Who did Ramin Setoodeh accuse of putting the rest of us in the mud with? Which singer disparaged the contestants? Which artist turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? In what year did Carrie Underwood win Best Female Artist? What award did Carrie Underwood win over Faith Hill in 2006? Who was a mentor on American Idol? Who won Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards in 2006? Who won Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards in 2006? What award did Carrie Underwood win over Faith Hill in 2006? Which artist turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? In what genre of music does CMT exec reflect on the success of Idol alumni? What genre of music does CMT exec reflect on the success of? How many Emmys did American Idol win? Who was the director of American Idol? How many Emmys did American Idol win in 2009? What award did American Idol win in 2007? How many years was American Idol nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program? What award did American Idol win in 2007? How much did American Idol generate for the year 2004? How much was the total TV revenue for the first eight seasons of American Idol? What theme park attraction did American Idol partner with Disney in? How much did American Idol generate for the year 2004? Which theme park attraction did American Idol partner with? When did American Idol become the most expensive show on broadcast networks? How much did American Idol cost for a 30-second spot? How much did a 30-second spot cost in 2014? What was the average ad price for American Idol in season seven? How many seasons did American Idol last? How much advertising revenue did American Idol earn per season? How much did the first season of American Idol cost? How much did the first season of American Idol cost? Who was the third major sponsor of American Idol? When did Coca-Cola end its sponsorship of American Idol? How many seasons has iTunes sponsored American Idol? How much did the first season of American Idol cost? How much did the first season of American Idol cost? Who was the third major sponsor of American Idol? What did American Idol promote as a means to vote successfully introduced? How many product placements did American Idol show by season six? Who declined to sponsor American Idol at the start of the show? What was the American version of Cowell's X Factor called? Who declined to sponsor American Idol at the start of the show? What was the American version of Cowell's X Factor called? What was Pepsi's market share in 2010? What was the most successful tour? What was the name of M&M's chocolate candies? Who won a sing-off? Who was the sponsor for the first seven seasons of the tour? What was the name of M&M's chocolate candies? What was the most successful tour? In what season were live performances and studio recordings available from iTunes? How many seasons were the recordings released as a compilation album? Where were live performances and studio recordings available in season seven? What is the winner's coronation single? How were the first five seasons of American Idol released? What was American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of? Where were live performances and studio recordings available in season seven? What is the name of the recording label owned by 19 Entertainment? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol? Who did 19 Entertainment partner with to distribute their music? Who owns 19 Recordings? What is the name of the recording label owned by 19 Entertainment? Who did 19 Entertainment partner with to distribute their music? Who did BMG partner with in 2005-2007? Who replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol in 2010? What company produced the American Idol Experience? In what year did the American Idol Experience begin? When did the American Idol Experience close? Who produced the live production of the American Idol Experience? When did the American Idol Experience begin? Where was the American Idol Experience held? What did the winner of the finals show receive? When did the American Idol Experience close? How many nations outside of the United States broadcast American Idol? Who dropped American Idol after its thirteenth season? In what year did Yes TV announce it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol? Who picked up Canadian rights to American Idol in 2015? How many nations outside of the United States broadcast American Idol? Who dropped American Idol after its thirteenth season? Who picked up Canadian rights to American Idol in 2015? Who broadcast the twelfth season in Italy? How many days after the U.S. telecast does the show air in the UK? Who broadcasts the show in southeast Asia? On what days of the week is the show broadcast in Southeast Asia? Who broadcasts the show in southeast Asia? Who broadcast the twelfth season in Italy? What is the term used to describe people who are planted by producers? How many consecutive years was American Idol ranked number one overall? How many consecutive years was American Idol ranked number one overall? What is another name for the domestic dog? What is another name for Canis lupus familiaris? How long has the domesticated canid been selectively bred? What are the physical attributes of a domesticated canid? When were genetic studies done on dogs? How long ago did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? Where did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? What diet would be inadequate for other canid species? What type of diet did dogs thrive on? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? In some cultures, dogs are a source of what? What Proto-Germanic word may possibly derive from? Where does the word dog originate from? What is the Old English word for "powerful dog breed"? Where does the word dog originate from? What was the general word for all domestic canines in England? What was the name of the subtype of hound? By what century had dog become the general word? What was the general word for all domestic canines in England? By what century had dog become the general word? What did hound refer to in the 16th century? What is the Proto-Indo-European word for dog? What is a litter called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the French word for puppies? What is the process of birth called? What is a female dog called in breeding circles? What is a female dog called in breeding circles? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the name of the mother of a litter? What are puppies called? What is the name of the species that Linnaeus listed in Systema Naturae? In what year did Linnaeus publish Systema Naturae? Who published Systema Naturae? What did Linnaeus classify as the family dog? What was the name of the first edition of the Mammal Species of the World? What is the name of the species that Linnaeus listed in Systema Naturae? What is another name for the family dog? What did Linnaeus call the wolf? What is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog? In what year did the first edition of Mammal Species of the World listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus? In what year did the ICZN rule that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What was the name of the third edition of the Mammal Species of the World? What do a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use? Who ruled in 2003 that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What do a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use? Who ruled in 2003 that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What document ruled that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species? What did genetic studies strongly support? What is the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves? Who were the earliest dogs? Where is the Taimyr wolf from? Who were the earliest dogs? What animal is closely related to modern dogs? Which Arctic dog breed is close to the gray wolf? What do modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than? What do dogs use for catching and tearing? What are dogs called? What do dogs have in common with other predatory mammals? What does the cardiovascular system support? What is teeth used for? What are dogs called? Dogs are highly variable in what? What was the largest known dog? What was the largest known dog? What are the coats of domestic dogs called? What kind of hair does the double coat consist of? What are the coats of domestic dogs called? What type of coat is "single"? What is a common natural camouflage pattern? What is a countershaded animal's color on its upper surfaces? What is a common natural camouflage pattern? What color do countershaded dogs have on their upper surfaces? What does a countershaded animal's light coloring reduce? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? What is one of the primary functions of a dog's tail? Some breeds of dogs are prone to what? What are fleas, ticks, and mites? What is pyometra? What breed of dogs are most affected by pyometra? What are fleas, ticks, and mites? What are some common human foods and household ingestibles? What is the name of the chemical that causes theobromine poisoning? What is an example of a human food that can be toxic to dogs? What chemical is toxic to dogs? What are some common human foods and household ingestibles? What can be dangerous to dogs? What type of chocolate can be fatal to dogs? How long do mixed breeds live on average? The heavier the dog, the shorter its lifespan? In what year did a study show that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds? How long do mixed breeds live on average? What is the median lifespan of dogs? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the average lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux breed? What are the median longevities of Miniature Bull Terriers? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the average lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux breed? What are the median longevities of dogs? What is the longest-lived dog in the world? How old was Pusuke when he died? When did Bluey die? What is the longest-lived dog in the world? When did Bluey die? How old was Pusuke when he died? How long does sexual maturity last for domestic dogs? What does the body prepare for during the estrous cycle? How long does it take for sexual maturity to occur in domestic dogs? When do female dogs have their first estrous cycle? How long do dogs bear their litters after fertilization? What is the average gestation period for a dog? How many puppies does an average litter consist of? How many puppies do toy dogs produce? What is the average gestation period for a dog? How many puppies does an average litter consist of? How many puppies do toy dogs produce? What refers to the sterilization of animals? What does ASPCA stand for? What is a male's testicles removed from? Along with the testicles and uterus, what else is removed to sterilize animals? What is a male's testicles removed from? Along with the testicles and uterus, what else is removed to sterilize animals? What should dogs not intended for further breeding be neutered? What reduces problems caused by hypersexuality? What does neutering increase the risk of? Are female dogs less likely to develop some forms of cancer? What does neutering increase the risk of? What type of cancer does neutering increase? What dog was shown to know the labels of over 200 different items? What is the name of a border collie that learned the names of over 1,000 words? How do dogs react to human body language? What breed of dog can outperform domestic dogs in non-social problem-solving? What do modern domestic dogs use to solve their problems? What is the ability of a dog to perceive information? How many labels did Rico know? Do dogs have advanced memory skills? How many words did Chaser know? How old are the oldest domesticated dogs? What have dogs acquired the ability to understand? What do dogs' social-cognitive skills parallel? What have dogs acquired the ability to understand? What have dogs acquired the ability to understand? What is dog behavior? What do dogs have the ability to do? What do dogs' social-cognitive skills parallel? What is gustatory communication? How do humans communicate with dogs? What is dog communication? How do humans communicate with dogs? What do dogs require fewer calories to function than? What is the cause of dogs' limp ears? What are some diagnostic features that distinguish dogs from wolves? How often do dogs enter estrus? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs? What are the two things that indicate selection in dogs? What are some of the genes that affect fight-or-flight response? What do dogs generally show? Why were dogs initially selected for their behaviors? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs? What do dogs generally show? What is the estimated dog population in the world? What is the estimated dog population in the world? All dog population estimates are based on what? What is the apex of wolves? What do wolves display when attacking dogs? What are apex predators? What is the apex of wolves? Do wolves kill dogs more frequently or more frequently? In what country do wolves apparently limit feral dog populations? What are leopards known to do? What is a major predator of village dogs in Turkmenistan? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? Which animal has been known to kill dogs with the same vigor? What animal has been known to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? What is a major predator of village dogs in Turkmenistan? What is another term for carnivores? What types of foods do dogs digest? Are dogs obligate or omnivores? What is another term for carnivores? What is dogs not dependent on in order to fulfill their basic dietary requirements? What do dogs have adaptations in genes involved in? How old are most breeds of dog? What are dogs artificially selected for? What is the purpose of selective breeding? What is the height of the Irish Wolfhound? How old are most breeds of dog? How many breeds of dog are selective breeding? What color are grays usually called? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs? What has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? What are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics? What are modern dog breeds? How do kennel clubs classify dogs? How many major dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are the "old world dogs"? What type of dog is Border Collie? How many major dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are the four major types of dogs? What is another term for modern dogs? What do dogs inherit from their wolf ancestors? What is one of the reasons dogs have become one of most successful species on the planet? What is one of the most successful species on the planet today? What do dogs inherit from their wolf ancestors? What was the value of the dogs to early humans? What do dogs assist in? What is the nickname given to dogs in the Western world? In some cultures, dogs are a source of what? How would dogs have improved sanitation? How many dog nights were there in Australia? What did dogs use to provide an early warning? How would dogs have improved sanitation? How many dog nights were there in Australia? What was an important factor in wolf domestication? In what year did a study of hunter groups with and without a dog give quantitative support to the hypothesis that cooperative hunting was an important factor in wolf domestication? Anthropologists believe the most significant benefit would have been the use of what? What animal was domesticated with and without a dog in 2004? What type of dogs were used in the migration of the Apache and Navajo tribes? What was the name of the bridge that emigrants from Siberia walked across? How long ago are the earliest evidence of dog-like canids in North America? How long ago did the waves enter North America? Who was the only domesticated animal in North America? Which tribes had dogs in their migration? What animal was introduced to North America? What animal was found buried in Ain Mallaha? What is the most widespread form of interspecies bonding? When did pet dog populations grow significantly? In what decade did the role of the pet dog begin to change? Where were dogs kept in the 1950's and 1960's? Who has a long history of keeping dogs as companions? Where were dogs kept in the 1950's and 1960's? In what decade did the role of the pet dog begin to change? What is the first trend in the changing status of pet dogs? How many major trends have occurred in the changing status of dogs? How many major trends have occurred in the changing status of pet dogs? What is the first trend in the changing status of pet dogs? What are the two major trends in the changing status of pet dogs? What kind of forms are available to transform a pet dog into an ideal companion? When did dog training become a high profile issue? What do dogs do to establish territory? When did dog training become a high profile issue? What do dogs do to establish territory? What type of activity can be traced back to the 18th century? What do people with dogs describe their pet as? What is the name of the television program that promotes dog-human relationships? What do people with dogs describe their pet as? What is the name of the television program that promotes the dominance model of dog-human relationships? What type of newspaper is often brought in from the lawn? How did dogs help with washing up? Along with dog dancing and dog yoga, what is an example of a family activity in which the dog is an integral partner? What do many dogs have? What did the dog bring in from the lawn? How many people in the United States have pets? How many people in the United States have pets? What type of imaging was used in the latest study? What do dogs have the same response to? What part of the brain do dogs use? What do dogs have the ability to recognize? What is magnetic resonance imaging? What do dogs have the ability to recognize? What is the nickname given to dogs? What do dogs do? What do dogs help fishermen with? What is the name of the husky-terrier mix that became the first animal to orbit the Earth? What breed of dog was the first to orbit the Earth? What is the nickname given to dogs? Along with pointers and hounds, what animals are dogs bred for? What do dogs help fishermen with? What is the name of the husky-terrier mix that became the first animal to orbit the Earth? In what year did Laika orbit the Earth? What type of dogs provide assistance to individuals with physical or mental disabilities? What can a guardian of an epileptics guardian seek? What is another name for conformation shows? Who evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type? What is the purpose of conformation shows? What does the breed standard only deal with? What is not part of the judging in conformation shows? Who evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type? What does the breed standard only deal with? What is not part of the judging in conformation shows? Where is dog meat consumed? What do Western cultures regard the consumption of dog meat as? What is believed to have medicinal properties? What do some people believe is the reason for the distinction between livestock and dogs? What do Western cultures regard the consumption of dog meat as? What is dog fat believed to have? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? What is gaejang-guk? What is the purpose of gaejang-guk? What ingredients are used in gaejang-guk? During what season is gaejang-guk used? What ingredients are used in gaejang-guk? How many people in the USA are bitten by dogs each year? In the 1980s and 1990s, how many people were bitten by dogs? How many people in the US are bitten by dogs each year? How many people in the USA are bitten by dogs each year? In what decade did the rate of dog bites increase? Are dog bites more severe or less severe in children? What is the incidence of dog bites in the US? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000 inhabitants? What do children have a higher chance of being bitten in? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch? In which state did a study found dog bites were less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000 inhabitants? What can lacerate flesh in a scratch? Along with cats, what animal is a factor in more than 86,000 falls each year in the United States? What type of vehicles are most likely to be involved in road accidents? What type of vehicles are most likely to be involved in road accidents? What is toxocara canis? What can cause toxocariasis? How many cases of Toxocara canis infection are reported in the US each year? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? What is a roundworm? What percentage of the U.S. population is infected with toxocariasis? How many cases of Toxocara canis infection are reported in the US each year? How many soil samples taken from public parks contained T. canis eggs? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? In what year did a study show that pet ownership was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What has research pointed to significantly less? In what year did a study show that pet ownership was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What did people with pet dogs do more than those without pets? What did people with pet dogs do more than those without pets? What microorganisms can protect against allergies and autoimmune diseases? What do dogs act as facilitators of? In what year was a study found that pet owners were significantly more likely to get to know people in their neighborhood than non-pet owners? What do people show reductions in in the presence of a pet dog? What do wheelchair users experience more positive social interactions with? How were animals introduced into mental institutions? What can animal-assisted therapy with a dog increase? What type of behavior did children with ADHD and conduct disorders show in an education program? When were animals introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders? How were animals introduced into mental institutions? What animal is used as a part of therapy? What type of therapy is animal-assisted therapy? What are medical detection dogs capable of detecting? How large is the brain's olfactory cortex? How many parts of a dog's brain can detect odour? How large is the brain's olfactory cortex? How many cancer patients has Daisy detected? Who guards the gates of Hades in Greek mythology? Who guards the gates of Hades? What is the name of the four-eyed dog in Norse mythology? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? What is Tadaklan responsible for? In what language is the Chinvat Bridge in? Who guards the gates of Hades in Greek mythology? What is the name of the four-eyed dog in Norse mythology? What is Tadaklan? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? How many eyes does Yama have? Who owns two watch dogs? What kind of dog figurines are found at the Muthappan Temple? Who owns two watch dogs? Where are the watch dogs said to watch over? What does Muthappan use as his mount? What kind of dog figurines are found at the Muthappan Temple? What are dogs viewed as in Islam? What are dogs viewed as in Islam? Where did Hasan Küçük live? What are police sniffer dogs required to wear when searching mosques? What are dogs viewed as in Islam? When did Hasan Küçük call for dog ownership to be made illegal in The Hague? In what country did Islamic activists want dogs to be kept out of Muslim neighborhoods? What are police sniffer dogs required to wear when searching mosques or Muslim homes? What do dogs represent in Christianity? What does Jewish law require Jews to do? What does Jewish law require Jews to do? What do dogs represent in Christianity? What are dogs viewed as in Asian countries? In what Asian country are dogs viewed as kind protectors? What are dogs viewed as in Asian countries? Where were dogs depicted in art? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? Where were dogs depicted in art? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and Renaissance? What became more elaborate as individual breeds evolved? What are some of the same health conditions as humans? What breed of dog is incapable of mounting the female? What is the most common response to being approached by strangers? What is the most common response when approached by strangers? What has the majority of modern research on dog cognition focused on? What wouldolves have gained from living in human camps? What was one of the key forces that led to human success? What has been criticized about the health of elderly people? Do people who keep pet dogs or cats have more or less visits to the doctor? When did the torch relay begin? How long did the torch relay last? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? How long was the torch relay? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? Where was the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay announced? How long was the torch relay? How long was the torch relay? On what date was the torch lit? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic Games? When did the torch arrive in Beijing? How many continents did the torch pass through? The torch has visited cities along what road? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic Games? On what date was the torch lit? Where did the torch travel to? When did the torch arrive in Beijing? What mountain did the torch go to? How many people protested in San Francisco? How many people protested in San Francisco? What were the people protesting against? Who extinguished the torch in Paris? Who condemned the attacks on the torch in London and Paris? How many protesters were there in San Francisco? Who overwhelmed the protesters in Australia, Japan, South Korea and Australia? Who overwhelmed the protesters in Australia, Japan, South Korea and Australia? How many skirmishes were there between protesters and supporters? Where were no major protests visible? Who described the situation as a "crisis"? What did Rogge say could be expelled from Olympic venues? What was the result of the relay? Who described the situation as a "crisis"? What could happen to any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues? Why did Rogge not cancel the relay? What was the result of the relay? What did the Beijing Games' Organizing Committee announce in June 2008? What did the Beijing Games' Organizing Committee announce in June 2008? What is the traditional Chinese design for the Olympic Torch? What material is the Olympic Torch made from? How much does the Olympic Torch weigh? What is used to ignite and extinguish the flame? What is the traditional Chinese design for the Olympic Torch? What material is the Olympic Torch made from? How many kilometers per hour is the Olympic Torch designed to remain lit? How many centimeters high is the Olympic Torch? What is used to ignite and extinguish the flame? Where did the torch and accompanying party travel? What colors were painted on the torch? When did the Beijing Committees choose Air China as the designated Olympic torch carrier? How long did the Air China Airbus A330 travel? What type of plane did the torch travel in? What colors were painted on the torch? Who was chosen as the designated Olympic torch carrier in March 2008? How many days did the Air China Airbus A330 travel? How many countries did the torch travel through? How many continents did the torch run through? Where was the first stop on the Torch Relay? What two countries did the government of China in Taiwan object to being placed on the same level as? How many continents did the torch run through? How long was the torch route? What two countries did the government of China in Taiwan object to being placed on the same level as? How long was the torch route in Taiwan? On what date was the Olympic Flame ignited? Where was Liu Qi's speech held? Who was the first torchbearer? Who played the role of High Priestess? On what date was the torch handed over to the organizers of the Beijing games? Where was Liu Qi's speech held? Who played the role of High Priestess? What medal did Nafpliotou win? Who was the first torchbearer? What country had violent confrontations with police in 2008? Who did the Chinese call to boycott? Who was the major shareholder of Carrefour? What did some protesters add to the French flag? What city was blocked by protesters from entering a Carrefour store? Who was the major shareholder of Carrefour? How did the Chinese government try to calm the situation? Who did the Chinese call to boycott? What newspaper published an editorial in response to the demonstrations? What newspaper published an editorial in response to the demonstrations? How did the Chinese people express their patriotic aspiration? Where was the first torchbearer? Who was the first torchbearer? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? How long was the route from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? Who were arrested and deported back to China? Who was the first torchbearer in Almaty? Who was the first torchbearer? How long was the route from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? Who were arrested and deported back to China? When was the torch relay leg in Istanbul held? Where did the torch relay leg finish? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Who protested at Chinese treatment of their compatriots in Xinjiang? Where was the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Where did the torch relay leg end? Who protested at Chinese treatment of their compatriots living in Xinjiang? What happened to the protesters who tried to disrupt the relay? On what date did the Olympic torch arrive in Saint Petersburg? Where did the torch relay start? Where did the torch relay start? Who was one of the torch bearers? Where did the Olympic torch arrive? Where did the torch relay start? Where did the torch relay start? Who was one of the torch bearers? Where is the torch relay leg held? When was the torch relay leg held in London? How much did the security for the torch relay cost? Where is the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Where did the torch relay leg end? How long was the torch relay leg? Who was the chairman of the London Olympic Committee? How many torch-bearers were in London? Who started the torch relay? Who refused to carry the torch? Who welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street? Who started the torch relay? How many torch-bearers were in London? Who refused to carry the torch? Where did Gordon Brown welcome the torch? Where was the torch snatched from Konnie Huq? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? How did the torch relay finish? Who was the torchbearer who was about to hand over to the Chinese? When was the torch relay leg in Paris held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Where did the torch relay leg begin? How many people attended the torch relay? How many times did the Chinese flame attendants load the torch onto a bus? Where was the Tibetan flag flown? Who was the third torchbearer in Paris? What was Jin Jing's nickname? Who canceled the torch relay ceremony? Who was the third torchbearer in Paris? What was Jin Jing's nickname? Where was the Tibetan flag flown? What organization scaled the Eiffel Tower to hang a protest banner? What famous landmark did Reporters Without Borders scaling? Where did Reporters Without Borders hang a banner from? What did Reporters Without Borders hang from the Eiffel Tower? What organization scaled the Eiffel Tower to hang a protest banner? What cathedral did Reporters Without Borders hang a banner from? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? Who spoke about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? Who was the President of the French Tibetan community? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? How did the pro-Tibet protesters react to the protest? Who spoke about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? What did Jane Birkin speak about in China? What was the purpose of the protest? What did the banner on the banner read? How many times did the torch fly past the National Assembly? Where did the protest take place? What was the purpose of the protest? What did the banner on the banner read? How many times did the torch fly past the National Assembly? What did the French police confiscate? Which newspaper criticized the police for confiscating Tibetan flags? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? What did the French police confiscate? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who was the Minister of the Interior? Who struck a cameraman in the face? Where did the North American leg of the torch relay take place? When did the North American leg of the torch relay occur? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the closing ceremony held? Who was the head of the U.S. Olympic Committee? Where did the North American leg of the torch relay take place? Where did the North American leg of the torch relay take place? Who gave the torch to Lin Li? Where was the closing ceremony held? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns? What were the human rights abuses in China? On what date were numerous protests planned in San Francisco? When did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approve a resolution addressing human rights concerns? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns? Where were the protests planned? Who led the protest at the United Nations Plaza? On what bridge did the Tibetan flag protesters climb? What TV station did Laurel Sutherlin speak to? Who did Laurel Sutherlin want to ask to allow the torch to go through Tibet? On what bridge did the Tibetan flag protesters climb? Who spoke to KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone? How many activists were arrested on April 7, 2008? How many activists were arrested on April 7, 2008? Where did the first runner disappear into? Who was the Vice President for Sustainable Development for the Bay Area Council? Who was the Vice President for Sustainable Development for the Bay Area Council? Where did the torch run end? Where did the torch run end? Where did the torch resurface? When was the torch relay leg in Buenos Aires held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Who gave the torch to the first torchbearer? Where did the torch relay leg finish? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Who gave the torch to the first torchbearer? Who was the first torchbearer? What did people showered the parade route with? Who was the pro-Tibet activist? Where did the alternative march take place? What was displayed on the torch route? Who was the pro-Tibet activist? Where did the alternative march take place? What was displayed on the torch route? What was displayed on the torch route? What is the name of the NGO that organized the protest? Who is the outreach director of HRTR? Who is the communication director of Friends of Falun Gong? Which footballer pulled out of the relay? How many police officers were involved in the torch relay? What type of balloons were thrown at the protesters? Who is the communication director of Friends of Falun Gong? Which footballer pulled out of the relay? How many police officers were involved in the torch relay? What type of balloons were thrown at the protesters? How were the protests handled? What was the only stop in Africa? On what date did the torch stop in Africa? Where did the torch relay begin? What was the only stop in Africa? Where did the relay begin? What stadium was built with Chinese aid? Who built the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke? Who lit the torch? Where did the torch stop? On what date did the torch stop in Muscat? Who was one of the torchbearers? Where did the torch stop? How many kilometers did the relay cover? Who was one of the torchbearers? When did the Olympic torch reach Islamabad? Where did the torch relay take place? Who spoke at the opening ceremony of the relay? Where did the Olympic torch reach for the first time? Where did the torch relay take place? When did the relay through New Delhi end? How many runners participated in the relay? Who was the first Indian football captain to refuse to run with the torch? How many torchbearers were there? Where was the relay held? How long was the relay through New Delhi? How many runners participated in the relay? How many torchbearers were there? Who was the first Indian football captain to refuse to run with the torch? Along with Republic Day celebrations, what event is considered terrorist targets? Who was the Indian ambassador to Beijing? Who cancelled an official trip to Beijing in protest? Who was India's Commerce Minister? When was the ambassador summoned to the Foreign Ministry? What holiday is considered terrorist targets? What are Republic Day celebrations considered? How many people were in the Tibetan exile community? What was India's response to China's demands? Who refused permission to the "Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit"? How many people were in the Tibetan exile community? What was out of the question? What unit did Indian officials refuse permission to? What is the effect of the Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit on relations between India and China? Where is the Tibetan government located? Who refused to participate in the torch relay? Who was Kiran Bedi? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? What was the name of the protest that broke up in Delhi? Who refused to participate in the torch relay? Who pulled out of the Olympic torch relay? Where was the protest held? Who broke up the protest in Delhi? Why did Bedi refuse to participate in the torch relay? When was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand? Who boycotted the relay? Who provided the students with transportation? When was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand? How long was the relay through Bangkok? What did Thai authorities threaten to do to foreign protesters? Who boycotted the relay? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? Where was the Olympic torch relay held? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? When was the last Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? Where did the Olympic torch relay begin? What is the name of the Twin Towers? When was the last Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? How many people were on the team that escorted the torchbearers? What group demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy? What group demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy? What kind of batons were used in the confrontation? What two countries did the Chinese group claim did not belong to China? What placards were taken away by Chinese volunteers? When did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? Who requested that the Olympic flame be carried through Jakarta? Who were allowed to enter the stadium? Where did the Olympic flame reach? How long was the relay through Jakarta? Why was the relay cancelled? What was the purpose of the relay? What took place outside the stadium? On what date was the Olympic flame presented? Who presented the flame to the Chinese? What did Agnes Shea offer the Chinese officials? Who argued over the role of the Chinese flame attendants? Where was the Olympic flame presented to? How many km of Canberra's central areas were covered by the Olympic flame? What is the name of the central area of Canberra? Who kept protesters and counter-demonstrators apart? Who presented the flame to the Chinese? Who requested permission to deploy personnel along the relay route? What did the Chinese Students and Scholars Association call for Chinese Australian students to do? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who is Australia's Foreign Minister? Who requested permission to deploy personnel along the relay route? Who has been given powers to search relay spectators? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who said the ACCO would be taking "thousands" of pro-Beijing demonstrators to Canberra by bus? Who is Australia's Foreign Minister? Who was the torchbearer? Who said Lin Hatfield Dodds' decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who was the torchbearer? Who said Lin Hatfield Dodds' decision was a good example of peacefully making a point? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend? Who was closely involved in ensuring that pro-China protesters outnumbered Tibetan activists? Who was the five-time Olympic gold medalist? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend? How many pro-Tibet protesters attended the relay? Who was the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? Who was closely involved in ensuring that pro-China protesters outnumbered Tibetan activists? Where was the Olympic torch relay held? When was the Olympic torch relay held in Nagano? Where was the Olympic torch relay held? When was the Winter Olympics held in Nagano? What Buddhist temple was originally scheduled to be the starting point for the Olympic torch relay? What was previously the site of Zenkō-ji? How many helicopters flew above the streets? Where was the torch relay held? What year did Seoul host the 1988 Summer Olympics? Where did the torch relay begin? Who attacked the protesters on the day of the torch relay? Where was the torch relay held? What year did Seoul host the 1988 Summer Olympics? When was the torch relay held in North Korea? Who was the head of North Korea's parliament? Who was the first runner to pass the torch to? What is the name of the tower that commemorates the national ideology of Juche? How long did Pak Du Ik run? Where was the torch relay held? What kind of flowers did the crowd of people waving? Who was the first runner to pass the torch to? Why did UNICEF withdraw their staff? What is North Korea frequently listed as? Who withdrew their staff? Who withdrew their staff from the relay? Why did UNICEF withdraw their staff? What country is frequently listed among the world's worst offenders against human rights? When was the torch relay held? Where was the torch relay held? How many torchbearers carried the torch? Where did the torchbearers carry the torch? Where did the torchbearers carry the torch? Where did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in December 2007? What islands are Vietnam involved in a territorial dispute with? What was the name of the county-level city in the disputed territories? Where did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in December 2007? Who was the Prime Minister of Vietnam in 2007? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi? What was the real name of Nguyễn Văn H��i? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi? What was Điếu Cày's real name? What was Điếu Cày arrested on? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics"? What did the official website remove? When was the Hong Kong torch relay held? Who was the first torchbearer? Where was the ceremony held? Where is Golden Bauhinia Square? How many torchbearers were there in Hong Kong? Where was the Hong Kong torch relay held? Who handed the torch to the first torchbearer? How did the torch relay cross the Shing Mun River? How many torchbearers were there in Hong Kong? Who were the torchbearers? What did the protesters use to symbolize democracy? What did the protesters want accountability for? Who wrapped the Tibetan snow lion flag around her body? How were the protesters taken away? What is the name of the lawsuit filed by Christina Chan? What symbolized democracy? Who was a Legislative Council member in Hong Kong? What flag did Christina Chan wrap around her body? Who led the Color Orange democracy group? What was the name of the structure Jens Galschiøt built in Hong Kong? Why were Galschiøt and two other people denied entry to Hong Kong? Which actress was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport? How many systems does Hong Kong have? What group led by Danish sculptor Jens Galschiøt originally planned to join? What was the name of the structure Jens Galschiøt built in Hong Kong? Why were Galschiøt and two other people denied entry to Hong Kong? Which actress was briefly questioned at the Hong Kong airport? When was the Macau Olympic torch held? Where was the closing ceremony held? How many torchbearers were there? Who was the first torchbearer in the relay? How many non-sports athletes were in the torchbearers? When was the Macau Olympic torch held? How many torchbearers were there? Who was the first torchbearer in the relay? Who was the first torchbearer? What newspaper published an article about the torchbearers? What website did a Macau resident post a message on? What website was shut down from May 2 to 4? Who was arrested on April 26? What website did a Macau resident post a message on? Who is the head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation? When did the torch arrive in Hainan? Who was one of the Chinese big names that attended the celebrations? When did the torch arrive in Hainan? When did the torch return to China? Who hosted the celebrations? Who did the IOC celebrate with in Sanya? What have Western reporters in Beijing described Chinese media coverage as? What did Chinese netizens accuse Western media of being? Which French newspaper was criticized by Xinhua for its allegedly biased reporting? How did Western reporters describe Chinese media coverage of the torch relay? What have Western reporters described Chinese media coverage of the torch relay as? Who disrupted the torch lighting ceremony? Which French newspaper was criticized by Xinhua for its allegedly biased reporting? Who did the French newspaper Libération support? What did the Chinese media focus on? Who did Xinhua and CCTV say condemned the protests? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? What did Xinhua call the protesters? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? Who quoted relay spectators who condemned the protests? What did Indian torchbearers vow to run for? What should not be mixed? What did the Chinese website say Indian torchbearers vow to run for? What should not be mixed? Which newspaper published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? Who reported that the Chinese media had been accused of bias? What have some Western media reported on Chinese accusations of? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? Which newspaper published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? Who reported that the Chinese media had been accused of bias? What network did the Chinese government call on CNN to apologize for? What network did the Chinese government call on CNN to apologize for? Who called on CNN to "apologise" for allegedly insulted the Chinese people? What did Paul Danahar say Chinese people were now able to access for the first time? Who wrote the article "The challenges of reporting in China"? How many people protested on April 19? Who wrote the article "The challenges of reporting in China"? What did Paul Danahar say people who criticize the media should acknowledge? What newspaper published a report about the Chinese rally? What newspaper published a report about the Chinese rally? What was the name of the website that the Chinese government appeared to be running? Who claimed to have created the anti-CNN website? Who claimed to have created the anti-CNN website? Who voiced suspicions that Anti-cnn may be a semi-government-made website? How many unarmed attendants did the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee send out? When was the Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit sworn in? What color tracksuits do the attendants wear? What is the nickname given to the torch attendants? How many unarmed attendants did the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee send out? When was the Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit sworn in? What color tracksuits do the attendants wear? What is the nickname given to the torch attendants? What was the name of the French hypermart in Kunming? Who was Carrefour's major shareholder? Who did LVMH Group donate funds to? Why did some Chinese burn French flags? Who was Carrefour's major shareholder? What did Chinese protesters accuse Carrefour of? What was the name of the anti-Japanese protests in 2005? What Chinese newspaper called for calm? What internet forum did the Chinese government patrol and censor? When did the protests begin in Beijing? What was the name of the anti-Japanese protests in 2005? What Chinese newspaper called for calm? Who tried to calm the situation? Where did the protests take place? Who was the Mayor of Nagano in Japan? What did Shoichi Washizawa say was a great nuisance for the city? What is the name of the Buddhist temple in Nagano? Who was the Mayor of Nagano in Japan? What did Shoichi Washizawa say was a great nuisance for the city? What is the name of the Buddhist temple in Nagano? How many lanterns are in the Olympic Flame? When is the Torch extinguished? Who was a Hong Kong legislator? Who did the Chinese torch relay website describe as "heroic"? Who reported on Jin Jing? How many teams of attendants will accompany the flame on the Mainland China route? How many additional teams of attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? What did Principia Mathematica's book popularize? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica? Who disproved the possibility of achieving its own stated goals? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem prove? Which book popularized modern mathematical logic and drew important connections between logic, epistemology and metaphysics? When was Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem published? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem prove? Which book popularized modern mathematical logic? Along with logic, epistemology, and metaphysics, what did Principia Mathematica draw from? When was the essay from which Aims of Education derived its name? What type of ideas did Whitehead warn against? What did Whitehead think of education with inert ideas? When was The Aims of Education published? When was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? When was The Aims of Education published? How many essays did The Aims of Education and Other Essays contain? What did Whitehead call education with inert ideas? How many important concepts did Whitehead advocate teaching? What did Whitehead believe a student could do with a few concepts? What did Whitehead believe education should be the opposite of? What did Whitehead believe education should be? How many important concepts did Whitehead advocate teaching? What did Whitehead believe a student could learn by studying different areas of knowledge? What type of school model did Whitehead advocate? What did Whitehead have no formal training in? What did Whitehead say about the question of whether science was explanatory or descriptive? What did Whitehead become in later life? Who did Whitehead write a letter to? Where did Whitehead begin his career? Who was Whitehead's friend? How did Whitehead view himself as a philosopher? What did Whitehead become in later life? What did Whitehead say every scientific man in order to preserve his reputation has to say he dislikes? Why are scientists and philosophers not easily seen? Why did Whitehead think people need to re-imagine their basic assumptions about the universe? What did Whitehead view as essential to both science and good philosophy? What type of assumptions did Whitehead believe scientists and philosophers make? Why are scientists and philosophers not easily seen? What did Whitehead believe people need to re-imagine? What did Whitehead view as essential to both good science and good philosophy? What idea did Whitehead reject? What type of ontology did Whitehead reject? What did Whitehead use the term "experience" to describe? How many different kinds of real existence did Descartes believe were there? What did Whitehead call his metaphysical system? What idea did Whitehead reject? What type of ontology did Whitehead reject? How did Whitehead view the idea of event-based ontology? What did Whitehead consider the most basic elements of reality to be? What did Whitehead call his metaphysical system? Materialists have mistaken the abstract for what? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What type of nature of the most basic elements of the world do "classical" concepts overlook? What is a continuum of overlapping events described as? What does Whitehead call the "society" of events? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What do "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for? What concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What does Whitehead call society? What is the term for a continuum of overlapping events? In Whitehead's cosmology, what are discrete "occasions of experience" called? A thing or person is often seen as having what? Why are changes seen as fundamentally the same through time? What does Whitehead think of a thing or person as having? In Whitehead's cosmology, what are the only fundamentally existent things? What are discrete "occasions of experience" that overlap one another in? What does Whitehead think all things flow? What do people not define? What is it easy and convenient to think of people and objects as remaining fundamentally the same? What should not prevent people from realizing that material substances or "essences" are a convenient generalized description of? What did Whitehead point to as one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What is it not philosophically or ontologically sound to think that a person is the same from one second to the next? What did Whitehead point to as one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What did Whitehead point to as one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What is it easy and convenient to think of people and objects as? What does materialism view every object as? What idea makes people think of objects as being fundamentally separate in time and space? In Whitehead's view, what is more important than relata? What does materialism see every object as? What is the second problem with materialism? What is the second problem with materialism? What does materialism see every object as? What does materialism view every object as? What does Whitehead describe any entity as? A real thing is just that which forces the rest of the universe to in some way conform to what? If a thing made strictly no difference to any other entity, what could not be said to really exist? What are relations not secondary to? What does Whitehead describe any entity as in some sense? If a thing made strictly no difference to any other entity, what could not be said to really exist? What are relations not secondary to? What does Whitehead describe any entity as in some sense nothing more and nothing less than? A real thing is just that which forces the rest of the universe to do what? Where does interest in Whitehead's work extend to? Who was the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1932-1934? When did Temple give the Gifford Lectures? What are some of the practices that unite political struggle and spirituality with? What fields of study did Whiteheadians come from? Where were early followers of Whitehead found? Who initiated an interest in Whitehead's work? Who taught generations of Whitehead scholars? Along with Wieman, Charles Hartshorne, Bernard Loomer, Bernard Meland, and Daniel Day Williams, who was a notable professor at the Divinity School? Which country has begun to blend traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism with Whitehead's philosophy? What is China trying to address? What traditions have China begun to blend with Whitehead's? Which Chinese philosophers are becoming required reading for Chinese graduate students? What is the main reason for China's interest in process philosophy? What does Whitehead believe matter is? What is one reason that Whitehead's ideas have not been more widespread? What was Whitehead's perception of metaphysics? Who has not been recognized as particularly influential within the most dominant philosophical schools? What philosophical school has historically had a close relationship with process philosophy? Who did Whitehead think highly of? Who is an example of a philosopher who advocates both process philosophy and pragmatism? Who edited the collected papers of Charles Hartshorne? Which neopragmatist was a student of Hartshorne? What has Whitehead's theory of gravitation been criticized for? Along with Henry Stapp and David Bohm, who is an example of a physicist influenced by Whitehead? What has rendered Whitehead's view of gravitation obsolete? What does phenonena violate? What must Whitehead's cosmology be regarded as? What award did Cobb receive? What was the name of the first book in environmental ethics? What was the title of Cobb's book with Herman Daly? What was Cobb's second book called? What was the title of Cobb's second book? Who developed the FEELS model? What does FEELS stand for? What is FEELS used for? Which Chinese government organizations collaborated with FEELS to develop the FEELS model? Who has published two books on applied process thought? What does Mark Dibben call applied process thought? Along with management and business ethics, what field of philosophy does Dibben work on? What philosophy has Whitehead had some influence on? What does Dibben call applied process thought? When did Whitehead begin to focus on metaphysics? What philosophy did Whitehead turn his attention to? Whitehead argued that reality consists of what? Whitehead rejected the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of what? What are the foundational texts of process philosophy? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to? What philosophy did Whitehead turn his attention to? What type of philosophy did Whitehead focus on? What type of philosophy did Whitehead develop? Whitehead argued that reality consists of what? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? In what year was Alfred North Whitehead born? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's father? What was Alfred North Whitehead's father's profession? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's mother? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? In what year was Alfred North Whitehead born? What was Alfred North Whitehead's father's profession? Who was Alfred North Whitehead's mother? Who had a low opinion of Whitehead's mother? Where was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London? What position did Whitehead hold in the Senate? When did Whitehead leave for America? What degree did Whitehead help establish? When did Whitehead become Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London? What position did Whitehead hold at the University of London? Where was Whitehead elected Dean of the Faculty of Science? When did Whitehead leave for America? Who said "No professional biographer in his right mind would touch him"? What did Victor Lowe instruct his family to do after his death? What was Whitehead known for? Who remarked on the first page of Whitehead's biography? How many volumes of Whitehead's biography are there? Who said "No professional biographer in his right mind would touch him"? What did the family do after Whitehead's death? What right did Whitehead believe in? What was the title of Whitehead's three major books on mathematics? Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica? Who were the former two books aimed at? What was the title of the first of Whitehead's books on mathematics? What is Principia Mathematica regarded as? How many major books did Whitehead write? How many major books did Whitehead write? Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica? What was the title of Whitehead's three major books on mathematics? When was A Treatise on Universal Algebra published? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to? What type of study did Macfarlane study? What did G. B. Mathews say about Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to? What did Mathews say about the unity of design of Lie algebras? How did Macfarlane describe the study of several methods? How long did Principia Mathematica take to complete? How long did it take to complete Principia Mathematica? How many pages long was Principia Mathematica? How many pounds did Whitehead and Russell pay to publish Principia Mathematica? Is there a major academic library in the world that holds a copy of Principia Mathematica? How long did Principia Mathematica take to complete? How long did it take to complete Principia Mathematica? How many volumes was Principia Mathematica? How many pages were in Principia Mathematica? Who paid the 300 pounds for Principia Mathematica? What is Whitehead's philosophical work considered to be among the most difficult to understand? What lectures did Gifford deliver? What did Arthur Eddington's lectures later become? Who struggled to follow Whitehead's work? What did Arthur Eddington's lectures later become? When were Gifford's lectures delivered? What is Whitehead's philosophical work considered to be? What did Mathews' frustration with Whitehead's books not affect? How did Mathews view the importance of Whitehead's work? Who gave a lecture at Chicago's Divinity School in 1927? How long did Wieman teach at Chicago's Divinity School? Who was frustrated with Whitehead's books? Where did Henry Nelson Wieman teach? When did Chicago's Divinity School invite Henry Nelson Wieman to give a lecture? Who gave a lecture at Chicago's Divinity School in 1927? How long did Wieman teach at Chicago's Divinity School? What is the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century? Who said Process and Reality demands that readers accept the adventure of the questions that will separate them from every consensus? What did Whitehead anticipate in the 21st century? What is the name of the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century? Who wrote Process and Reality? What did Whitehead question in Process and Reality? Whose problems did Whitehead anticipate? What did Whitehead provide in Process and Reality? What is the absolute principle of existence for Whitehead? What does Whitehead believe an entity is not merely a sum of? Most entities do not have what? What is the fundamental creativity/freedom of all entities? What is the absolute principle of existence for Whitehead? An entity is not merely a sum of its relations, but also what? What is not fully determined by causal or mechanistic laws? Where does 'prehension' come from? What did Whitehead believe the mind only has? What term did Whitehead use to describe perception that was not limited to living, self-conscious beings? Where does the word "prehension" come from? What does the Latin prehensio mean? What are the two modes of perception? How many modes did Whitehead consider perception to be occurring in? Whose perception can be conscious or unconscious? How are entities constituted by their perceptions and relations? What are the two modes of perception? The sense of causal relations between entities is unmediated by what? What may or may not be delusive? What does Whitehead describe causal efficacy as? What type of immediacy is presentational immediacy? What type of immediacy is presentational immediacy? What does Whitehead describe causal efficacy as? What is Presentational immediacy? What type of relationships dominate the more basic mentality? What does Whitehead call symbolic reference? What type of relationships dominate the more basic mentality? What does symbolic reference link appearance with? What do sense perceptions indicate? What do people and animals have difficulty refraining from? How does Whitehead describe a person's encounter with a chair? What did Whitehead think an artist might have stopped at? What animal did Whitehead say would have acted immediately on the hypothesis of a chair? What does Whitehead think is deficient in survival value? What is the mark of higher forms of life? What is Whitehead's threefold goal? What does Whitehead see life as directed toward? What value does Whitehead think life is deficient in? What is the mark of higher forms of life? How many times does Whitehead theorize life is directed toward the goal of living well? What does Whitehead see life as directed toward? What does Whitehead see the rise of life as? Why did Whitehead humorously note that complex organisms did not appear? What did Whitehead call the idea of God? What did the Church give to God? What is Whitehead's most important attribute? What did Whitehead believe God was not tied to? What did Whitehead call God? What did Whitehead see as the second nature of God? What did Whitehead consider God to be? What did Whitehead's system require? What is God's reception of the world's activity? How long does God save and cherishes all experiences? How does Whitehead describe God's judgment of a tenderness? How does God interact with the world? How is God changed by the world and wider universe? How does Whitehead view God? How does Whitehead view God? How does Whitehead view God and the world? What do entities in the world yearn for? How does Whitehead view God? What did Whitehead believe was the core of religion? What was Whitehead's most famous remark on religion? What did Whitehead see religion as? What was Whitehead's view of religion? What did Whitehead see religion as beginning in? What did Whitehead believe religion necessitates? Whose meaning and value do not exist for the individual alone? How did Whitehead view religion? How are the individual and social aspects of religion mutually dependent? How does Whitehead's influence come from his students? Who called Whitehead "the greatest philosopher of the 20th century"? Where are most of Whitehead's works studied? Who did Whitehead teach and supervised? What did Deleuze think of Whitehead? What field has Whitehead's work been most influential in? Who was the most important early proponent of Whitehead's thought in a theological context? What philosophy did Hartshorne develop? Who are some notable process theologians? What does process theology typically stresses? What do process theologians view God as? Who would not praise a human ruler who was unaffected by the joys or sorrows of his followers? According to Hartshorne, who is most affected by the world? What type of theology does C. Robert Mesle advocate? John B. Cobb, Jr. has written books on what two fields? Along with poststructuralist, postcolonialist, and feminist theory, what theory did Roland Faber and Catherine Keller integrate Whitehead with? What is Charles Birch's profession? Who wrote Syntheism - Creating God in The Internet Age? Why is process theology difficult to define? How did Whitehead describe religion? What does religion take deeply felt emotions and contextualize them within? What did religion serve as a bridge between? What is the task of religion to make philosophy applicable to? What field did Mary Parker Follett study? What type of ontology did Whitehead and Follett share? What is the name of the book written by Jeannine M. Love? What did many asset managers choose to do? What was a conflict of interest between professional investment managers and their institutional clients? Who are compensated based on the volume of client assets under management? Why did professional investment managers want to expand their assets under management? What type of deniability was supported by the choice of investing in overpriced credit assets? What was IndyMac a spin-off of? When did IndyMac Bank file for bankruptcy? What was the name of the first US bank to run into trouble? What was the largest savings and loan association in Los Angeles? What was IndyMac Bank's parent corporation? When did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgraded the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security (MBS) bonds? What was IndyMac's capital ratio at March 31, 2008? How much did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgraded the ratings on a significant number of Mortgage-backed security bonds? Who downgraded IndyMac's ratings in April 2008? What is the minimum risk-based capital ratio? Who was the Senator who said brokered deposits made up 37 percent of IndyMac's total deposits? Who did Schumer ask to determine if IndyMac had considered ordering it to reduce its deposits? How much was the total deposits reported on March 31? On what date did the regulator disallowed IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits? How much was the threat of brokered deposits loss to IndyMac? How much did account holders withdraw in June 2008? How much did account holders withdraw from IndyMac in June 2008? How much did IndyMac hold when the secondary mortgage market collapsed? Who released the letter to the FDIC and OTS? What was the main cause of IndyMac's demise? What was the name of the bridge bank that took over IndyMac Bank? How much does the FDIC guarantee the funds of all insured accounts? How many depositors of Indymac are still at a loss? When did the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship? When did the FDIC announce plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB? How many mortgage lenders went bankrupt during 2007 and 2008? What investment bank collapsed in March 2008? When did the financial institution crisis hit its peak? When did Lehman Brothers file for bankruptcy? Who filed the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history? What was the equivalent of a bank run on? What do money market funds often invest in? When did the crisis hit its most critical stage? How much money did the money market funds withdraw from in one week? What was the TED spread in September 2008? What was the name of the system that caused the credit crisis? What was the name of the system that caused the credit crisis? What did investment banks and other entities in the shadow banking system not provide? Who is the U.S. Treasury Secretary? How much of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen? What was the primary cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing? Who said the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close this gap? What forms of securitization are likely to vanish forever? What does the Brookings Institution say the traditional banking system does not have? How much did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008? How much did the S&P 500 drop in November 2008? How much did housing prices drop in 2006? How much was total home equity in the United States at its peak in 2006? How much was the total home equity in the United States in 2006? What is a homeowner who has no equity considered to be? How much housing wealth did the economy lose in 2008? How many homeowners had substantial equity in their homes two years ago? What does the creditworthiness of businesses depend on? How do business prospects look in November 2008? What has the continuing development of the crisis prompted fears of? Who stated that the "beginning of the end" of the crisis had begun? How long did the Eurozone's recession last? Which country's banking collapse is the largest in economic history? What did the world start to do to fix the crisis? How much of the growth in global consumption did U.S. consumption account for? What was the annualized decline in GDP in the first quarter of 2009? What was the GDP of Mexico in 2009? What did the Brookings Institution say the US economy was spending too much and borrowing too much for? What caused a recession in the U.S.? What was Cambodia's growth forecast in 2007? How much did the remittances sent from migrant workers reach in 2007? How many households are living below the poverty line in Bangladesh? What does Bruno Wenn recommend? What can be attributed to the reductions in growth in trade? What group was able to avoid going to the market in the latter part of 2008? What does FDI stand for? What is the greatest impact of the global economic crisis? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What was the U.S. unemployment rate in October 2009? What was the average hours per work week in 2008? What was the annual rate of output of goods and services produced by labor and property located in the United States? When did the unemployment rate increase to 10.1%? What did patent applications flat-lined? What do critics argue Basel III doesn't address? What creates apparently risk-free assets out of high risk collateral? What regulations did European regulators introduce for banks? Who argues that regulations have indeed led to excessive lending to risky governments? What did the Basel III regulations increase? When did the recession end? When did the recession end? When did the financial crisis begin? What magazine declared the financial crisis was over? On what date did President Obama declare that the markets were now stabilized? What two groups led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for? Who led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP didadvanced economies account for? What type of economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? What was not the cause of the crisis? When did Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders report on the default of commercial loans during the financial crisis? When did the first signs of decline in residential real estate occur? What does CMBS stand for? What did some analysts believe took place after the crisis? What was the collateralized debt obligation called? How much was the "Giant Pool of Money"? How much did the "Giant Pool of Money" increase in size from 2000 to 2007? What type of security did the investment banks on Wall Street provide? What did the "Giant Pool of Money" seek? What enabled financial institutions to obtain investor funds to finance subprime? What did collateralized debt obligation do to the housing bubble? What type of ratings did the securities first in line receive? What does collateralized debt obligation place cash payments into? What type of securities had lower credit ratings? By September 2008, average housing prices had declined by how much? By September 2008, what was the average price of housing in the United States? How many properties were foreclosure proceedings on in 2007? How much did foreclosure proceedings increase in 2008? By September 2009, what percentage of all U.S. mortgages were delinquent or in foreclosure? What was the federal funds rate target? Why did the Federal Reserve lower the target to 6.5%? What did some economists say the Fed needs to create? What contributed greatly to the severity of the crisis? What encouraged borrowing? How much did the U.S. current account deficit increase between 1996 and 2004? How much did the current account deficit increase between 1996 and 2004? Where were the emerging economies located? What does the balance of payments identity require a country to have? What does capital stand for? When did the Fed raise the Fed funds rate? What is ARM? Why did asset prices move inversely to interest rates? What did the Fed raise between 2004 and 2006? What happened to U.S. housing and financial assets after the housing bubble burst? Who was Richard M. Bowen III responsible for? How many professional underwriters did Bowen oversee? What percentage of mortgages purchased by Citi from some 1,600 mortgage companies were "defective"? How many mortgage companies were "defective" in 2006? What percentage of production did "defective mortgages" increase to in 2007? What is the largest residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance company in the United States and Europe? How much of the loans met their originators' underwriting standards? How many "too big to fail" banks were there? What percentage of the sampled loans did not meet the minimal standards of any issuer? How many residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance companies were there? What is the term used to describe unscrupulous lenders? Who used the bait-and-switch method? What doesARM stand for? What is an example of an adjustable rate mortgage? What was the classic bait-and-switch method used by Countrywide Financial? Who sued Countrywide? What are adjustable rate mortgages? What happened to the home equity of the homeowners in ARMs? Who decided to seize Countrywide's lender? What was Countrywide accused of doing to homeowners? Who argued that the regulatory framework did not keep pace with financial innovation? Who is the U.S. Treasury Secretary? What OECD study suggested that bank regulation based on the Basel accords encourage unconventional business practices? What regulatory framework did not keep pace with financial innovation? What agreement encouraged unconventional business practices? Prior to the crisis, financial institutions became what? What type of instruments made it difficult to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? What did these instruments contribute to the need for? What made it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions? What instrument made it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in bankruptcy? How many investment banks reported over $4.1 trillion in debt for fiscal year 2007? What did the increase in financial leverage increase their vulnerability to? What were the changes in capital requirements intended to keep U.S. banks competitive with? How much debt did the top five investment banks have in 2007? What was the name of the company that went bankrupt in 2007? What is an example of a behavior that is optimal for an individual? What paradox can cause or deepen a recession? What can cause or deepen a recession? Who described a "paradox of deleveraging"? Do financial institutions have too much or too much leverage? Who was the Federal Reserve vice-chair in April 2009? What did Yellen say was the result of the credit crunch? What did Yellen say was the result of the credit crunch? What are businesses doing to preserve cash? What has spread to nearly every corner of the economy? What term refers to the ongoing development of financial products designed to achieve particular client objectives? What is an example of an adjustable-rate mortgage? What is the abbreviation for credit default swaps? What does MBS stand for? How did the usage of credit default swaps expand? When did CDO issuance peak? How much did CDO issuance grow in Q1 2004? What was the peak of CDO issuance in 2004? What percentage of CDO assets were subprime and other non-prime mortgage debt? How much did CDO issuance decline back to by Q1 2007? What type of financial products went hand in hand with more complexity? How many actors were connected to a single mortgage? What did the actors rely more and more on? What did computer scientists build for the mechanism of biased ratings produced by rating agencies? In what year did a group of computer scientists build a model for the mechanism of biased ratings produced by rating agencies? What can be measured by the pricing of risk? What refers to the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on additional risk? What have scholars argued prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis? How could the financial crisis have been avoided? How did the financial crisis impact the mortgage market? Why did market participants not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation? Why did market participants not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation? What was the average recovery rate for "high quality" CDOs? What was the recovery rate for mezzanine CDO? How much of CDO were sold between 2005 to the middle of 2007? Who provided government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009? What did AIG use to insure the obligations of various financial institutions? When did the government take over AIG? How much money did the U.S. provide to AIG during 2008? What did AIG receive in exchange for the CDS transaction? Who commented that the super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks? As financial assets became more and more complex, what became harder to value? What did the rating agencies rely on? Who relied on the risk management methods of the banks? Who relied on the information provided by the originators of synthetic products? Who published "Credit Correlation: Life After Copulas"? In what year did Merrill Lynch hold a conference on copula limitations? Who held the 2006 conference in London? What was the goal of the conference? In what year did Merrill Lynch hold a conference on copula limitations? Who was the President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank in 2008? When did Geithner become Secretary of the United States Treasury? What did Geithner blame the freezing of credit markets on? What is another name for theallel banking system? Why were the entities in theallel banking system vulnerable? When did the securitization markets close down? When did the securitization markets close down? How much of the private credit markets became unavailable as a source of funds? Who said that the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close this gap? How long did it take for the traditional banking system to generate sufficient capital to support additional lending volume? Who testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in January 2010? What markets remain impaired? How much did private bond issuance peak in 2006? How much was private bond issuance in 2009? What is the name of the program that aids credit card, auto and small-business lenders? What caused Rapid increases in commodity prices? What was the price of oil from early 2007 to 2008? What was the price of oil in 2007? What do some people attribute the price of oil to? What does an increase in oil prices divert a larger share of consumer spending into? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? What did the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets call the IntercontinentalExchange? Who founded the IntercontinentalExchange? What is the abbreviation for IntercontinentalExchange? In what two cities did the IntercontinentalExchange trade? Who argue that the financial crisis and response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession? Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in what profession? What do Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue should be included in the reshaping of economics? What do Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt call for? Who is the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India? When did Rajan become chief economist at the International Monetary Fund? Who did Rajan celebrate in 2005? What was the title of Rajan's paper? What are the risks that financial sector managers are encouraged to take? Who predicted the financial crisis? What did Rajan call the financial crisis? Who predicted the financial crisis? What did the Austrian economic school view the crisis as? Which former Fed Chair confessed himself forced to return to Congress? Which magazine claimed that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis? The cover story in BusinessWeek claims that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since what? Where is the Wharton School located? Who was ridiculed for predicting a collapse of the housing market and worldwide recession? What was Nouriel Roubini's nickname? Who wrote The Black Swan? Who said Taleb saw the crisis coming? What did Taleb warn against? What did Taleb bet on? Who believes distinctions exist between the current market malaise and the Great Depression? How much did the Dow Jones average fall over 17 months? How much did the Dow Jones average fall over 17 months? Who is the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times? What was one of the first victims of the financial crisis? Who did Northern Rock request security from? When was Northern Rock run? When was Northern Rock taken into public hands? What was one of the first victims of the financial crisis? IndyMac often made loans without verification of what? What was obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral? What type of borrowers did IndyMac make loans to? What type of loans did IndyMac offer? What did IndyMac resist? What percentage of the poorest families did not have wealth declines at all during the crisis? How much of the total wealth of all Americans declined between 2007 and 2009? What percentage of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percent of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percentage of the poorest families did not have wealth declines during the crisis? Where was the European Commission located in 2008? What did the European Commission predict for 2009? What was the negative number for the UK for 2009? Who launched numbers predicting a worldwide recession by −0.3% for 2009? How much did the IMF predict a worldwide recession in 2009? What has the U.S. Federal Reserve and central banks taken steps to expand? What have governments enacted to offset the reduction in private sector demand? What was the central bank's role during the crisis? What was the purpose of the new liquidity facilities? What do lower wages and higher unemployment lead to? What event brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse? How much did the central banks purchase in 2008? How much did the central banks purchase? Who was the Nobel laureate in 2010? What did the Federal Reserve spend the money in? What did President Obama and key advisers introduce in June 2009? What did the proposals address? What type of trading did Obama propose? Who proposed the Volcker Rule? Who proposed the Volcker Rule? When did the Senate pass a reform bill? When did the House pass a reform bill? What rule against proprietary trading is not part of the legislation? Who passed a reform bill in May 2010? What prevented the collapse of large financial institutions? How much did consumer wealth decline in the crisis? When did BNP Paribas terminate withdrawals from three hedge funds? When did the global recession occur? Who terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds? When did the housing bubble peak? When did securities suffer large losses? What was the theory that housing prices would continue to escalate? What was overvaluation of? What was the lack of in the financial crisis? What did the Senate's Levin-Coburn Report conclude was the cause of the financial crisis? What act repealed the Glass-Steagall Act? Who concluded that the financial crisis was avoidable? Who failed to correctly price risk? What did critics argue did governments not do to address the 21st century financial markets? What are the financial agreements called? What are collateralized debt obligations? Who reported significant losses in subprime MBS? Who was able to invest in the US housing market? Where did CDO derive their value from? How many U.S. dollars are estimated to be lost in the foreclosure epidemic? What was the financial incentive to enter foreclosure? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? Defaults and losses on what other loan types increased significantly during the foreclosure epidemic? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? What is another name for the shadow banking system? What is another name for the shadow banking system? What was the process called that caused the financial system to become increasingly fragile? What did the US government do to encourage business? What government policy emphasized deregulation to encourage business? What type of loan defaults did MBS have? What did these losses do to financial institutions? What drove the central banks to provide funds to encourage lending? Who bailed out key financial institutions? What type of losses did these institutions have? When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? What was the cause of the crisis? Who failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages? Who was ill prepared for the crisis? How many financial firms acted recklessly? During what period did competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share occur? When did the market power shift from securitizers to originators? When were the worst loans originated? When were the worst loans originated? What are GSEs? How many Democratic appointees wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? Who claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans? What was not the primary cause of the financial crisis? Who claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans? How many Democratic appointees wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? How many substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie hold in 2008? How many substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie hold in 2008? Which two companies were accused of securities fraud in 2011? Who initiated affordable housing policies in the 1990s? How many ex-executives of Fannie and Freddie held substandard loans in 2008? What office did the House Financial Services Committee review? Who called numerous times for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs? On what date did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing? Did the hearing result in new legislation or formal investigation? Who held a hearing on safety and soundness issues in 2003? How much was mortgage lending made by Community Reinvestment Act? What percentage of all U.S. mortgage lending was made by CRA-covered lenders? What act was responsible for $467 billion of mortgage lending? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? In what year did the CRA rule changes take place? How much was the total amount of CRA loan commitments between 1994 and 2007? What is the Federal Reserve's classification of CRA loans as "prime" based on? What is not surprising? On what date did the terrorist attack occur? What derivatives did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers? In what magazine did Michael Lewis write? What did investment banks and hedge funds use to enable large wagers? What derivatives were used to enable large wagers to be made? What type of loans did the US residential housing bubble support? What type of loans were generally supported by substandard loans? What was the reason the residential housing bubble led to financial crisis? During what time period did other developed countries have bubbles? Who wrote that every bubble has the potential to cause a financial crisis? How far is St. Barthélemy from Puerto Rico? What Channel separates St. Barthélemy from Saint Martin? What kind of rocks are the Roques? What is St. Barthélemy one of? What are some satellite islets in St. Barthélemy? What is another name for Saint-Barthélemy? What is the native language of Saint-Barthélemy? How many people live in the leeward portion of the island? What is the native language of Saint-Barthélemy? How is the preference between Créole and Patois determined? Which island has the first territorial council? How many years does the president of Saint Martin serve? When was the last territorial council election held? When did the new status take effect? How many members are on the Territorial Council of Saint Martin? When was the last election held on the island? What country is responsible for the defence of the island? Who represents the island in the French Senate? When was the first election held on the island? How many gendarmes are on the island? What is difficult on the island? What type of potato was grown on the island? What did the early settlers produce? What did the early settlers produce? What port did the islanders develop commerce through? What is St. Barthélemy considered a playground of? How many tourists visit St. Barthélemy each year? What is the price of a beachfront villa in Saint Barthélemy? What explain the high standard of living on the island? How is most of the food imported? How many hotels does St. Barthélemy have? How many rooms does the largest hotel on the island have? What country has a large labor force on the island? How many rooms does Hotel Le Toiny have? How many private villas are available on the island? What type of plants are found on the island? Which part of the island receives more rainfall? How many plants were found on the island in 1994? What is a common sight on the island? Where did Coconut palm come from? What are some trees in the interior areas of the island? What is the name of the tree that was planted as barbed wire defences against invading British army? Where was the golden trumpet originally from? When was the barbary fig planted? What was planted as barbed wire defences against invading British army? When are the dolphins, porpoises and whales seen on Norfolk Island? When are the dolphins, porpoises and whales seen on Norfolk Island? What is a common sight along the coastline of the island? What is the average weight of leatherback sea turtles? Where do green turtles live? What color is the conch? What is a favorite food supplement? In what type of waters are sergeant majors found? What type of crabs live on the beach? What do the hermit crabs eat? How many people live in the Reserve Naturelle? What endangered marine species is protected in the Reserve Naturelle? What is prohibited in the Reserve Naturelle? What is the name of Saint-Barthélemy's marine nature reserve? What is prohibited in the Reserve Naturelle? Who built Fort Gustav? What was Fort Oscar formerly known as? In what year was Fort Gustav built? What is the name of the military building that now houses the local gendarmerie? Where is Fort Oscar located? How many restaurants are on the island? Where are many of the finest restaurants located on the island? What do the French call "les snacks"? What do Creole dishes tend to be? What type of events are hosted on the island? How often is the Transat AG2R Race held? Where does the Transat AG2R Race originate? What type of boat is the Transat AG2R Race? How long are the boats in the Transat AG2R Race? How many sailors navigate the Transat AG2R Race? Where is Gustaf III Airport located? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of the island? What airport provides connecting flights with regional carriers to St. Barthélemy? Where is the nearest airport to St. Barthélemy? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of the island? Where is Saint-Barthélemy located? What is the name of the overseas collectivity of France? What is another name for St. Barts? What did the indigenous people call the island? Where is Puerto Rico located? What type of island is Saint Barthélemy? What is the population of Saint Barthélemy? What is the capital of Saint Barthélemy? What country ruled Guadeloupe during the Napoleonic Wars? During what season is Saint Barthélemy a popular tourist destination? What French commune was Saint Barthélemy a part of? In what year did the island of Saint Barthélemy become an Overseas Collectivity? In what year did Saint Barthélemy become an Overseas Collectivity? What is the name of the town hall located in the Hotel de Ville? Who represents the island in Paris? Which bay provides temporary anchorage for small vessels? Grande Saline Bay provides temporary anchorage for what type of vessels? What is the name of the visible coral reef on the island? Reefs are mostly in what type of waters? What is the name of the marine reserve located on the island? How many public beaches are in Saint Barthélémy? How many public beaches are in Saint Barthélémy? What are the two groups of public beaches on St Barthélémy? Which side of the island is popular for windsurfing? What are the windward beaches popular for? What is the climate of the island? How many square kilometers is the island? What is the average rainfall on the island? When is Summer on the island? What is the lowest night temperature recorded on the island? When did the British invade the harbour town? In what year did the Swedes occupy Gustavia? What was the name of the port that the Swedes occupied? What did the Swedes rename the port? What war was on in the 18th century? What is the name of the historical museum on the island? What is the name of the historical museum on the island? Where is the museum located? Along with French, Swedish, and British, what country has a history of occupation on the island? What language are the models of in the museum? What is the genetic material of an organism? What does the genome consist of? What does the genome consist of? Who created the term biome? In what year was the term rhizome created? Where was Hans Winkler from? What are some -ome words? How many chromosomes does the gamete have? When are homologous chromosomes segregated in gametes? What are two organelles that contain their own DNA? What is the study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms called? What does genomics study? What do people say the genome of a sexually reproducing species has been sequenced? What is the correlation between base pairs and the number of genes called? What is the cause of trichomoniasis? What is the highest known number of genes? How many times does the human genome have trichomoniasis? Who was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome? What was the name of the first genome sequence of a viral RNA-genome? Who completed the first DNA-genome sequence? Who sequenced Haemophilus influenzae? When was the first genome sequence for Methanococcus jannaschii completed? Who maintains one of several comprehensive databases of genomic information? What animal has been sequenced for genome sequencing? What is the name of the fish that has been sequenced? When did scientists first sequenced the entire genome of a Neanderthal? How old was the Neanderthal genome extracted from? What has opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who pioneered personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who was one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA? James D. Watson was one of the co-discoverers of what? What does a genome map identify? What project was organized to map and to sequence the human genome? Who released a detailed genomic map? Where was Jean Weissenbach's team located? What is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome? By comparing genome compositions between genomes, scientists can better understand what? Which two groups have the feature of exon-intron organization of protein coding genes? What feature do eukaryotes have? Which animals have a high variation of repetitive DNA content? What is sequencing the genome of a pathogenic microbe? Most biological entities are more complex than what? Where is information stored on a pathogenic microbe stored? Which eukaryotes have their own genome? What is the DNA found within the chloroplast called? What are mitochondria sometimes referred to as? What is the total number of DNA base pairs? Genome size is positively correlated with what? Where does repetitive DNA act on the genomes? What is experimental work being done on? What type of work is being done in vivo? What two coding genes are generally non-repetitive DNA? How is the proportion of non-repetitive DNA calculated? How is the proportion of non-repetitive DNA calculated? What organism has non-repetitive DNA? Which eukaryotes have more non-repetitive DNA? What percentage of non-repetitive DNA is in some plants and amphibians? What are the two categories of repetitive DNA in genome? How is the proportion of repetitive DNA calculated? What is usually caused by slippage during replication? What are two forms of tandem repeats in the genome? What is the largest proportion of tandem repeats in mammalian genome? What is a transposable element? What are TEs an important driving force on? What are the two categories of TEs? What are TEs classified into? Retrotransposons can be transcribed into what? How do DNA transposons move? Class 2 TEs do not use what? What is chromosome number? What are some traits that researchers compare? What plays a major role in shaping the genome? What are duplications probably fundamental to? What is invoked to explain how there is often extreme similarity between small portions of the genomes of two organisms? What is Horizontal gene transfer common among? What two genomes did eukaryotic cells transfer to their nuclear chromosomes? What is a state school that does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude? What type of school system is a comprehensive school? In what two countries is the term comprehensive school commonly used? What percentage of British secondary school pupils now attend comprehensive schools? What is the German name for the high school in the United States and Canada? Along with design and technology, what is an example of a practical subject in a comprehensive school? Along with Sixth Form colleges and Further Education Colleges, what school provides post-16 education? What government initiatives have made the comprehensive ideal less certain? How many selective grammar schools are in England and Wales? When were comprehensive schools introduced to England and Wales? What were comprehensive schools originally conceived as? Along with Academies Programme, Free Schools and University Technical Colleges, what is one of the current education reforms? When did Finland start using comprehensive schools? What is the age of peruskoulu? What type of school is the Gesamtschule? What type of courses are offered at the Gesamtschule? What are the names of the courses that students attending a Gesamtschule may graduate with? What percentage of students attended a Gesamtschule in Brandenburg in 2007? What percentage of students attended a Gesamtschule in Bavaria in 2007? What is the name of the new comprehensive school in Berlin and Hamburg? What is the name of the new comprehensive school in Hamburg? When were Hauptschulen merged with Gesamtschulen? What type of classes are offered at the Mittelschule? What is another name for the Abitur? What is another name for the Mittelschule? Comprehensive schools have been accused of what? Who is the Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia? Who called the Abitur awarded by the Gymnasium "Abitur light"? Who is the Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia? Who stated that comprehensives were discriminated against? Gesamtschulen might put bright working class students at risk? Which class of students perform the poorest at Hauptschule? What are students attending a Hauptschule called? Who conducted a study that showed that comprehensive schools do not help working class students? What system did Helmut Fend compare alumni of? When did Gibraltar open its first comprehensive school? What is the sixth form of Gibraltar? What are students able to complete in the sixth form? When were comprehensive schools introduced in Ireland? Who was the Minister for Education in 1966? What was the only system of schools completely controlled by the state? What is another name for a community school? When was the secular community model introduced in Ireland? Who owns the school property? When was the community school model introduced? What is the name of the community college? When were the first comprehensives set up? Who set up Walworth School? What was the name of the early comprehensive school in Anglesey? In what year did Holyhead County School open? What was the name of the early comprehensive school in Coventry? Who was the Secretary of State for Education in 1964-1970? Who was Anthony Crosland? What type of schools were never widely implemented? Who became Secretary of State for Education in 1970? What type of schools were established under Margaret Thatcher? What political party did Margaret Thatcher belong to? When did the majority of local authorities in England and Wales abandon the 11-plus examination? What type of schools were amalgamated to form comprehensive schools? What did some local authorities change all of their state secondary schools to? Which local authorities changed all of their state secondary schools to comprehensive schools in the 1970s? Who was the future Labour prime minister in 1976? What is the most common type of state secondary school in England? Who launched the 'great debate'? When was the Education Reform Act passed? When was the Education Reform Act passed? What is Government policy currently promoting? What does the pseudo-market incentive encourage? What is Scotland's education system based on? What type of schools has the Scottish Government rejected? In what year did the Scottish Government reject plans for specialist schools? What country has a similar education system to Northern Ireland? Which two countries use education systems similar to Northern Ireland? What is the French name for the Republic of the Congo? Which country borders the Republic of the Congo to the northeast? Which country borders the Republic of the Congo to the west? Which country borders the Republic of the Congo to the northwest? Where is the Republic of the Congo located? What language was spoken in the region? In what year did Congo-Brazzaville gain independence? Who is the current president of the Republic of the Congo? Who is the current president of the Republic of the Congo? What ranking did the Republic of Congo hold in the Gulf of Guinea? What was the result of the unequal distribution of oil revenues? Who were the earliest inhabitants of the region? When did the Pygmy people arrive? Who founded tribes during the Bantu expansions? Who reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484? What nationality was Diogo Cão? Along with commodities, manufactured goods, and people, what did the merchants trade? When did European colonization of the Congo river delta begin? What did European colonization of the Congo river delta do to the power of Bantu societies? In what year did the area north of the Congo River come under French sovereignty? Who signed the treaty with Makoko? What was the first name given to the area north of the Congo River? Who organized the French Equatorial Africa? How many people died in the construction of the Congo-Ocean Railroad? What was the symbolic capital of Free France between 1940 and 1943? When was the Brazzaville Conference? When was the constitution adopted? What was the name of the new constitution adopted in 1946? When was the Fifth Republic established? What group dissolved into its constituent parts? What was Middle Congo known as during the reforms? When was the first constitution published? When did the Republic of the Congo receive full independence from France? Who was the first president of the Republic of the Congo? Who led the provisional government? Who led the uprising that ousted Youlou? Who took charge of the country briefly? Who was elected President in 1963? What ideology did Massamba-Débat adopt? How many troops did Massamba-Débat invite to the country? In what year did the coup d'etat end? Who was assassinated on March 16, 1977? What was the name of the first "people's republic"? What did the National Revolutionary Movement change its name to? In what year did Ngouabi die? When was Ngouabi assassinated? Who did Sassou Nguesso align the country with? Who did Sassou Nguesso sign a friendship with? What did Sassou Nguesso rely on? What did Sassou rely on to maintain his dictatorship? Who was the first president of Congo? Who supported the economic reforms in Congo? What was the name of the civil war that broke out in Congo in mid-1997? What did the IMF approve in 1996? Who declared himself president in 1997? What was Sassou's private militia called? What country invaded Congo in early October? When did the Angolan socialist régime invade Congo? Who advised his supporters to boycott the elections? How long did Sassou's term last? When was the new constitution agreed upon? When was the peace treaty signed? Who won the 2009 election? What non-governmental organization said the election was marked by "very low" turnout? What was the result of the election? What type of political system doesCongo-Brazzaville have? What political party is Sassou Nguesso backed by? What is another name for the Congolese Labour Party? What type of revelations have hit Sassou's regime? How many lavish properties were found in France? When did Sassou Nguesso announce that his government would hold a referendum to change the country's constitution? How long was Sassou Nguesso in office? Who owned the main media in 2008? How many private television channels were there in 2008? How many private television channels are in Swaziland? Who do many Pygmies belong to? How are the Pygmies treated? When did the Congolese parliament adopt a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples? What latitudes are in the Equator? What are the longitudes of the latitudes ofCongo? What ocean isCongo located on? What is the name of the country to the southwest ofCongo? What country is to the southwest ofCongo? What is the capital of Brazzaville? On what river is Brazzaville located? What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo? What is the capital of Kinshasa? What plain is in the southwest of the country? What is the primary drainage in the southwest of the country? What does the interior of the country consist of? What is under increasing exploitation pressure? Where is the country located? What is the average day temperature in Swaziland? What is the average day temperature in Guinea-Bissau? When is the dry season in Guinea-Bissau? What organization studied gorillas in 2006-07? Where are the gorillas located? What has preserved the Western Lowland Gorillas? What has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy? What is the government characterized by? What has supplanted petroleum extraction as the mainstay of the economy? What percentage of the GDP did the oil sector account for in 2008? In 2008, what percentage of exports were from the oil sector? How did the government finance large-scale development projects? What is the GDP growth in Swaziland? How much did the devaluation of Franc Zone currencies result in in 1994? How much did the devaluation of Franc Zone currencies result in? What happened in June 1997? Why did the civil war occur? When did the armed conflict begin? What are the economic problems of the current administration? What are two recent major Congolese exports? In what year was Congo re-admitted to the Kimberley Process? What deposits are in the Republic of the Congo? What organization does the Republic of the Congo belong to? How much land did the Congolese government lease in 2009? Along with land, air, and water, what is the main transportation in the Republic of the Congo? When was the country's rail system built? What major international airport is in the Republic of the Congo? What ocean does the country have a large port on? What part of the country is the Republic of the Congo located in? How long is the distance between Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire? How many languages are spoken in the Republic of the Congo? What is the largest ethnic group in the Congo? What percentage of the Congo's population are Boulangui? How much of the Congo's population is Boulangui? How many Europeans lived in the Congo before the 1997 war? How many Europeans lived in the Congo before the 1997 war? How many American expatriates reside in the Congo? What religion do the people of the Republic of the Congo belong to? What percentage of the people of the Republic of the Congo are Protestants? What percentage of the people of the Republic of the Congo are Protestants? What percentage of people in the Republic of the Congo follow Islam? Why do the people of the Republic of the Congo follow Islam? What was public expenditure health at in 2004? What was the HIV/AIDS prevalence in 2012? How much was health expenditure in CAR in 2004? How many physicians were per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s? How many live births were there in Swaziland in 2010? What is a rare practice in Swaziland? What was the infant mortality rate in Swaziland? How many years of secondary school does Guinea-Bissau have? What was the net primary enrollment rate in 2005? What is a baccalaureate? What language does the educational system as a whole model? What branch of government is the most senior minister? In most systems, who is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet? In semi-presidential systems, who is appointed to manage the civil service? What system is the prime minister modeled after? What type of position does the head of state hold? What is the role of the prime minister? What are executive powers called in some monarchies? The prime minister is often, but not always, a member of what body? The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is also known as what? What position did Winston Churchill hold during the Second World War? In what year was Cardinal Richelieu named to head the royal council? Who first used the term Premier Ministre? What title did Cardinal Richelieu hold? Who was the first to use the term prime minister? When did the term prime minister originate? Who did members of parliament disparagingly use the title prime minister in reference to? Who was the head of the government under Henry VIII? Who was the leader of Clarendon under Charles II? Who was the leader of Clarendon under Elizabeth I? Who usually presided over its meetings? Who usually presided over its meetings? Which Tory ministers shared power during Anne's reign? Who was executed and driven into exile when they lost favour? The Glorious Revolution occurred in what year? What bill was passed in 1689? Who became a part of the government? Who became the de facto head of the government? When did Anne die? Where did George I spend most of his time? How long did Robert Walpole hold office? Who was Robert Walpole? What doctrine developed under Walpole? What did Walpole require all ministers to do? Who said, "It matters not what we say? Who continued to deny that any position was known to the Constitution? Along with William Pitt the Younger, who was a wartime prime minister? Who first referred to the title of prime minister on government documents? When did the title of prime minister first appear in the formal British Order of precedence? What type of government does the United States have? Who is Bahrain's prime minister? In what year did Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifiah become prime minister? Who is Bahrain's prime minister? In what country is the head of state elected? In what country is the head of state elected? Who is the head of government of the People's Republic of China? What is another name for the Premier of China? Who approves the appointment of the prime minister? What is a state of affairs usually referred to as? What can the parliament force the resignation of? What document outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister? What is the name of the process in which a Prime Minister is fired? Where does the Premier place in China? What is another name for Premier? What act added reference to a Prime Minister in 1982? When was the Constitution Act passed? In the Constitution Act, 1982, what is the only reference to a Prime Minister? What document outlines the functions of the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic? When did the first mention of a prime minister occur in official state documents? Who was the last Chancellor of the Exchequer? In what year did Balfour die? Who was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion? In what year was Margaret Thatcher appointed prime minister? In what year did Margaret Thatcher become Prime Minister? What did Margaret Thatcher use to reshuffle her cabinet? Who is formally'renominated' after every general election? Where is the position of prime minister normally chosen? When is the Irish Taoiseach formally renominated? In parliamentary systems, governments are generally required to have the confidence of what? What does the right to block supply do? Where do governments lose a vote of confidence? In many jurisdictions, who may refuse a parliamentary dissolution? In most modern parliamentary systems, who decides when to request a parliamentary dissolution? In most modern parliamentary systems, who decides when to request a parliamentary dissolution? When did the tradition of the prime minister requesting a dissolution of parliament begin? When did the Irish constitution grant the Taoiseach the right to make the request? Who did the Irish Free State Constitution give the power to? The Irish Free State Constitution vested the power in what? Under what motion is a Prime Minister expected to step down? What does the Russian constitution call the prime minister? What does Rosh HaMemshalah mean in Israel? Who is the Spanish prime minister? What is the Irish prime minister called? What is the most common form of president? In the Scandinavian countries, what is the prime minister called? What is the equivalent term for prime minister? Which two countries have heads of government titles that are almost always translated as Chancellor? What is Monaco's head of government referred to as? What is the title of the head of government in Vatican City? Who is the head of Iran? In non-Commonwealth countries, who may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president? In some Commonwealth countries, what are prime ministers and former prime ministers styled? What is the name of the Privy Council in the UK? In what country are prime ministers and former prime ministers styled Right Honourable? What government is in place in the UK? What are the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments called in the UK? In India, what is the Prime Minister referred to as? What is the Pakistani word for "Grand Vizier"? What does Wazir-e-Azam mean in Pakistan? What is the Prime Minister's executive office usually called? What is another name for the Prime Minister's executive office? What is the abbreviation for institute of technology? When did the English term polytechnic appear? What is the English term for polytechnic? Where does the French term polytechnic come from? What term is synonymous with "institute of technology"? What is the name of the world's first institution of technology? After what war did polytechnics become popular? When was the Braunschweig University of Technology founded? When was the École Polytechnique founded? What are institutes of technology and polytechnics? In what year were UK Polytechnics designated as universities? What is the current name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution? Where was the Royal Polytechnic Institution founded? What are elite technological universities concentrating on? What was the most prominent university in each state? What was the name of the system that provided vocational and higher education? What is the name of a technical and further education institute? Which school is expanding into higher education? In what year did TAFE Tasmania start a 3-year restructure? How many universities are in Australia? What is the German type of tertiary education institution? What type of degrees do Fachhochschule grant? What is the name of the school used in Belgium and the Netherlands? What are Hogeschool institutions in the Flemish Community of Belgium undergoing? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? Where are Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes located? What type of schools are in Canada? Where is the École Polytechnique de Montréal located? How is funding allocated for Canadian higher education? What is the name of the national alliance of colleges and institutes of technology? What are some of Canada's most esteemed colleges and polytechnic institutions involved in? When did China's modern higher education begin? What university offered Liberal arts three years later? How many of China's elite universities remain polytechnical? When was the law about polytechnic education passed in Croatia? What institute monitors the country`s seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity? What is one of the oldest observatories in South America? Who manages the Quito Astronomical Observatory? When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded? How many nuclear scientists work at EPN? What is the goal of the institute? How many students have pledged sponsorship to MIT? What are universities allowed to grant? How many credits did a normal university require before Bologna? How many credits did a normal university require before Bologna? What is the common term for polytechnic schools in Finland? Who switched the English term "university of applied sciences" to the term polytechnic? What is the Swedish alternative for polytechnic schools? Along with sciences and technology, what type of curricula does a multi-site cluster of universities provide? What does IUT stand for? What is the abbreviation for Institut universitaire de technologie? What is the French-speaking part of Switzerland called? What is another name for Eastern Europe? When was the French education system set? What is another name for Polytechnicum? When was Fachhochschulen founded? What do Fachhochschulen focus on? Along with social science, medicine, and business, what other field does Fachhochschulen offer? What is the abbreviation for Technische Universität? What is the focus of Technische Universität? What type of medicine does RWTH Aachen have a faculty of? How many Technische Universitäten are in Germany? How many universities of technology are in Germany? How many students attend universities of technology in Germany? Which state has the highest counts of TUs? What is the name of the joint venture between TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig and University of Hanover? After what act did the Technological Educational Institute constitute? What is the name of the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? What was the name of the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? When was the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong founded? What is the name of the University of Science and Technology in Hong Kong? When were the two polytechnics granted university status in Hong Kong? What metal did the Berg-Schola train specialists of? When was the Berg-Schola established? Who established the first Institute of Technology? How many National Institutes of Technology are in India? How many autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology are there? What is the authority over technical education in India? What is a specific academic award usually awarded in? How many public institutes of technology are in Indonesia? How many Diploma degrees does Politeknik typically offer? What was the Institute of Technology formerly known as? Which college acquired the authority to confer its own degrees? What refers to a technical university awarding degrees in engineering? How many industrial cities are in Politecnici? Where is the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia located? What was the forerunner of the University of Tokyo's engineering faculty? In Japan, an institute of technology specializes in what? In what country is Polytechnics located? Who helped establish the Polytechnics in Malaysia? Where is Politeknik Ungku Omar located? How many polytechnic courses are there in Malaysia? How many students attended polytechnic in Malaysia in 2009? How many students attended polytechnic in 2009? What is the name of the only technical university in Mauritius? What is the focus of the University of Technology, Mauritius? What act established polytechnics in New Zealand? What is the abbreviation for University College of Learning? When were New Zealand polytechnics established? Which Polytechnic merged with Massey University? In what decade was there a consolidation in New Zealand's tertiary education system? What university did Wellington Polytechnic merge with? Where is Waiarapa Polytechnic located? What is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status? What grade are standardized exams in Pakistan? What is the main purpose of the Polytechnic Institutes? How long is a diploma in Pakistan? What are lateral entry courses called? What is the equivalent to British system A-Level? What is a main kind of technical university name in Poland? What were short-cycle degrees known as? What is the name of the process that allows universities to offer 2nd cycle degrees? What is an example of a university-preparatory school? How many polytechnics are in Singapore? How many years are diploma courses offered at polytechnics? Who established the Academy? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? What two metals did the Academy train specialists of? When did teaching start at Banská Akadémia? What is the purpose of the buildings at Banská Akadémia? What is the abbreviation for polytechnics? In what year were Technikons given the power to award certain technology degrees? In what year did former Technikons merge with traditional Universities? Where were most of Thailand's institutes of technology developed? What type of degree did technical colleges not grant in the past? Where is the Institute of Technology Ladkrabang located? What is King Mongkut's University of Technology? What was the former name of Rajamangala University of Technology? Where is Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology located? What is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand? When was Suranaree University of Technology established? What is the most well known private technological institute in Thailand? What is the name of the technical university founded in Bursa? How many technical universities are planned in Konya? Where were 2 technical universities opened in the 1950s? In what year did UK Polytechnics begin? Who validated diplomas and degrees at the national level? What were the comparable institutions in Scotland called? What was Britain's first Polytechnic? How manyInstitutes of Science and Technology were part of the University of Wales? What was Loughborough University called from 1966 to 1996? When did colleges of technology become universities? What act granted Polytechnics university status? What organization is responsible for the oversight of Polytechnics? What have technical institutes been designated as? When were technical institutes formed? What type of school was a technical institute? When was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded? What is the name of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology? What class did technical education help develop? In what decade wereInstitutes of technology developed in Venezuela? Where was the first IUT created? Who created the first IUT in Venezuela? What is the Wayback Machine? Who created the Wayback Machine? Where is the Wayback Machine located? Who set up the Wayback Machine? What is the Wayback Machine called? What is the name of the Linux operating system? What is the purpose of archiving cached pages of web sites? What is the goal of the project? What was the name of the show that featured the Wayback Machine? Who were the lead characters in Peabody's Improbable History? What was the name of the time machine used by Peabody and Sherman? When did Brewster Kahle develop software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages? What does the "crawlers" respect? What is the exclusion standard for websites whose owners opt for them not to appear in search results? What is the name of the website that allows institutions and content creators to harvest and preserve collections of digital content? How long had information been kept on digital tape? Who did Kahle allow to tap into the clunky database? When did the archive reach its fifth anniversary? Where was the unveiling of Kahle's archive held? How long do Snapshots usually become available? How long do snapshots usually become available? What is the frequency of snapshots? When did sites have to be listed on the Open Directory? Who was the editor of the Internet Archive in November 2010? In what year did Jeff Kaplan publish his article on the Internet Archive? How many petabytes of data did the Wayback Machine contain in 2009? What was the growth rate of the Wayback Machine in 2003? Where is data stored on the Wayback Machine? Who manufactured the PetaBox rack systems? In what year did the Internet Archive migrate its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage? Where did the Internet Archive migrate its customized storage architecture to? Where is the Sun Modular Datacenter located? In what year was a new version of the Wayback Machine made available for public testing? When was it said that the Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials? What year was the index driving the classic Wayback Machine phased out? When was the Beta of the new Wayback Machine said to have a more complete and up-to-date index? What is the name of the feature that allows a user to archive the contents of a URL? When was the "Save a Page" feature announced? What was the name of the 2009 case in which Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc. was filed? Who filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file? What file did Chordiant want Netbula to disable? Who did an employee of Netbula say should have subpoenaed for the pages directly? Who filed a sworn statement supporting the motion? Who rejected Netbula's arguments? Where was Judge Howard Lloyd located? Who was able to retrieve the archived pages that they sought? Who operates the Dish Network? Which network does EchoStar operate? Who overruled Telewizja Polska's motion in limine? Who overruled Magistrate Keys' findings? What are date stamps used for in examining a patent application? What must the archivist provide in order to be considered authoritative? What are the limitations to archiving a web site? What are not exposed and therefore, can contain errors? What does the Wayback Machine not fill out? What kind of databases are in the Wayback Machine archives? What could the Wayback Machine be interpreted as violating in Europe? What would the Archive have to do? Where can you find the exclusion policies for the Wayback Machine? What did the Internet Archive remove from the Wayback Machine in 2002? Who requested that the site be removed from the Wayback Machine? Who demanded the removal of the sites? Who defended a client from a trademark dispute using the Archive's Wayback Machine? Who amended their complaint to include the Internet Archive? Who did Healthcare Advocates accuse of copyright infringement? Along with the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, what act did Healthcare Advocates accuse the Archive of violating? What is the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is the name of the website owner who asks the Archive to stop crawling or archiving a site? Who filed a suit against Internet Archive in December 2005? What website did Suzanne Shell file a lawsuit against in 2005? Where was the declaratory judgment action filed? Where did a judge in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Colorado dismiss all counterclaims? On what date did Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell announce the settlement of their lawsuit? Who announced the settlement of the lawsuit? Who sued the Internet Archive in 2007? How many DMCA requests did a pornographic actor send to the Archive? Where did a pornographic actor try to remove archived images of himself? What is another name for the Dutch Republic? When did the Netherlands separate from Spanish rule? What is the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands? Along with the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, what are the other countries in the Low Countries? What county was under the Kingdom of France? What House ruled most of the Low Countries? Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction? In what year did William I of Orange rebel against Philip II? What did Philip II try to modernize? When was the Union of Utrecht signed? When was the Union of Utrecht signed? What was the name of the Act of Abjuration? When was the Union of Utrecht signed? What did the northern provinces promise to do? When did the United Provinces invite Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them? In what year did Francis attempt to take Antwerp? When did William of Orange die? Who declined the offer of sovereignty? When did the United Provinces become a confederacy? When did the Republic of the United Provinces end? Where did the republican forces flee to? What was the name of the Republic of the United Provinces from 1783-1795? When did the Netherlands regain independence from France? What names were used in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814? Along with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège, what was the name of the southern provinces of the Netherlands? During what era was the Dutch Golden Age? What was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world? When was the oldest stock exchange in the world founded? Where is the oldest stock exchange in the world? How many different cities did the Dutch East-India Company go public in? In what city is the oldest stock exchange in the world? Between what years did the Dutch possess one of the strongest and fastest navies in the world? From where did the Dutch get a lucrative slave trade? What did the Dutch break the Portuguese sphere of influence on? How many provinces were in the republic? Who governed the Generality Lands? How many provinces were represented by the States General? What was the name of the eighth province? Why was the County of Drenthe so poor? Who commanded the army? Who commanded the army? Who commanded the army? Who were the stadtholders subordinate to? Who was always chosen as stadtholders? Which city had the same stadtholder as Holland? Who supported the stadtholders? What political party supported the stadtholders? After what treaty were border territories assigned to the United Provinces? What are Generaliteitslanden? What was the present name of the Generality Lands? Who was in control of the Dutch East India Company? What provinces were involved in shipping expeditions? Who influenced the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces? Who wrote Federalist No. 20? What is the Act of Abjuration? When was the Union of Utrecht formed? What did the Union say every person should be free in the choice of? Who was a strong supporter of public and personal freedom of religion? What type of services were quickly forbidden in all provinces? What did any person who wished to hold public office have to conform to? The extent to which different religions or denominations were persecuted depended on what? How many guilders was a skilled tradesman fined in Leiden? What was one factor that caused large immigration of religious refugees? What is the subject of controversy in the Reformed Church? What is the name of the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism? Who tackled the issue of predestination in 1618? In what century did the persecution of religious services begin? Where did religious services take place in the 18th century? What is the Greek word for symbiosis? What species is symbiosis? Who defined symbiosis as "the living together of unlike organisms"? How long has it been debated about symbiosis? What are some symbiotic relationships? What is another term for symbiotic symbionts? What lichens consist of fungal and photosynthetic symbionts that cannot live on their own? What is an example of a symbiotic relationship? What is symbiosis in which the organisms are not in union called? What is endosymbiosis? What percentage of insects are endosymbionts? What is the name of the actinomycete nitrogen-fixing bacteria? What type of algae lives inside reef-building corals? What is a commensal ectosymbionts? What is an example of an ectoparasites? What is another name for ectosymbiosis? What is interspecies reciprocal altruism? What type of relationship can properly be considered symbiotic? What do a large percentage of herbivores have? What is the result of mutualisms between coral organisms? What do the mutualisms between plants fix? What fungi help extract water from the ground? What is an example of mutual symbiosis? What protects the clownfish from the stinging tentacles? What is an example of mutual symbiosis? What species of fish sometimes lives together with a shrimp? What does the goby fish do to warn it of danger? What is symbiosis known from? When were siboglinid tube worms discovered? What does the siboglinid tube worms rely on for? Where were siboglinid tube worms found in the 1980s? What does the host cell lack during mutualistic symbioses? What type of cells do endosymbionts produce? What isheredity? What is the most important factor in the changes in the endosymbiont? What is the term used to describe the incapability of endosymbiotic bacteria to reinstate its wild type phenotype via a recombination process? What could have caused the decrease in genome size? Where does the word commensalism come from? What describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed? What is it called when an organism uses another organism for housing? What is it called when an organism uses another organism after its death? What is the term for an organism using another organism for transportation? What is a parasitic relationship? What is it called when parasites kill their host? What is it called when parasites kill their host? How many animals have at least one parasitic phase in their life cycles? What is an example of a biotrophic relationship? What is the type of relationship where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated? What are the two types of amensalism? What are the two types of amensalism? What substance destroys many herbaceous plants within its root zone? What do the Spanish ibex consume? What type of shrub is Timarcha? What is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism? What is a rare type of symbiosis? What does synnecrosis eventually cause? What is not uncommon in nature? Why do some species of bees inflict pain on themselves? What species have a long history of interdependent co-evolution? What are some examples of eukaryotes? What is Lynn Margulis famous for? Who said that life did not take over the globe by combat? What played a major role in the co-evolution of flowering plants? What type of pollen did some plants develop? What has the relationship between plants and insects become in some taxa? What is another name for the Canadian Armed Forces? What act constituted the Canadian Armed Forces? Who raises the Canadian Forces? What is the French word for the Canadian Forces? How many sub-components does the Reserve Force have? What act separates the Canadian Armed Forces from the Department of National Defence? Who is the reigning Canadian monarch? Who is the Governor General of Canada? Who leads the Canadian Armed Forces? Who advises the Chief of the Defence Staff? During what war did Canada contribute to the security of Europe? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? What was the main concern of Canadian defence policy during the Cold War? When were Canadian ground and air forces based in Europe? When were Canadian ground and air forces based in Europe? What doesNATO stand for? The Canadian military has become more deeply engaged in what? In what country has the Canadian military been involved in international security operations since 2002? When did the Canadian military begin to engage in international security operations in Afghanistan? What hasNATO moved much of its defence focus out of? What is Canada's defence policy based on? When was Canada First Defence Strategy introduced? How many core missions does the Canadian military have? How many core missions does the Canadian military have? What does the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to? What does the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés do? What is the name of the multilateral military forum that the Canadian Armed Forces participate in? What kind of military training does the Canadian Armed Forces participate in? What kind of relationship-building efforts does the Canadian Armed Forces participate in? In what year did Confederation occur? Along with the French and British, what two countries were regular members of Canadian militia? Who did the French and British defend against? What war did the American forces fight in? What was the purpose of Canadian militia units? Who was responsible for military command? Where was the commander-in-chief for North America stationed? When did the British Army and Royal Navy leave Halifax? What department was merged into the Department of National Defence? When were land forces in Canada referred to as the Canadian Army? What war was the first overseas deployment of Canadian troops? Who commanded the Canadian forces during the Second Boer War? When did the United Kingdom enter conflict with Germany? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council decide to send its forces into? What war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council decide to send its troops into? How many operations have Canadian military units participated in since 1947? How many countries have Canadian military units participated in since 1947? During what wars did Canada participate in NATO? What organization did Canada participate in during the Cold War? What type of aircraft did Canada maintain from 1957 to 1970? What was the name of the battle that took place in Normandy? The strategic bombing of German cities is known as what? Which Canadian battle is particularly notable? Where is the Battle of Medak Pocket located? What was Canada's largest volunteer army? What country was thought to have the third largest navy in the world? What was the source of new data about Canada's navy? When did the Canadian Armed Forces begin? Along with the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force, what was the name of the other three military branches? Who controlled the Canadian air force? When did Canada gain legislative independence from the United Kingdom? What war did Canada gain legislative independence from? What name did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name return to in 2013? When did the use of the "Canadian Armed Forces" name give way to "Canadian Forces"? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name return? When did the "Canadian Armed Forces" name return? What did the Land Forces support during this period? When did the Canadian Forces deploy in Afghanistan? What does the United Nations International Security Assistance Force stand for? Who requested the deployment of the Canadian Forces in Afghanistan? What did the Land Forces support during this period? How much is the Armed Forces funded by? What is the rank of the UK's armed forces? What is the total force of the British Armed Forces? What year is the number of primary reserve personnel expected to go up to 30,000? What is the total strength of the armed forces? What was the name of the government of Canada's 2008 strategy to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces? What did the Canada First Defence Strategy do? What did Walter Natynczyk say the CF was facing? What type of equipment was acquired in 2006? What is the name of the air force's medium range transport aircraft? What type of helicopters have been acquired for the Armed Forces? In what year did the renewal and re-equipment effort begin? Along with medicine, communication, logistics, and administration, what type of roles were women open to in the 1950s? In what year did the CAF begin to expand? What are some of the non-traditional areas of employment in the CAF? What did the Department do in response to the reviews? What did Parliament pass in 1978 and 1985? Along with infantry, armoured corps, field artillery, and air-defence artillery, what military unit was closed to women in 1987? When did the Minister of National Defence create an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? Who created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? What were the trials called? When were all military occupations open to women? What military service was open to women in 1989? How much did the introduction of women into combat arms increase the potential recruiting pool? Who allowed women to serve on submarines? What must be suitable for a mixed gender force? Along with combat helmets, rucksacks, combat boots, and flak jackets, what equipment must be suitable for a mixed gender force? What is an annual financial entitlement for the purchase of? Where does the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces begin? What determines the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is responsible for signing Orders in Council? What orders fall within the royal prerogative? Who signs Orders in Council? Who advises the monarch and viceroy? How many members are in the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Canadian Forces? Who appoints the highest ranking commissioned officer in the Canadian Forces? Where is the National Defence Headquarters located? What are the heads of the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army, and other key Level 1 organizations? How many Canadian Forces bases are in Canada? Where is the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School located? Where do non-commissioned members receive basic training? How many warships are in the Royal Canadian Navy? Where is the Maritime Forces Atlantic located? What does NAVRESHQ stand for? What exercises does the RCN participate in? Who is the Commander of the Canadian Army? How many divisions are in the Canadian Army? What are the divisions of the Canadian Army? What is the name of the 5th Canadian Division? What is the name of the 5th Canadian Division? How many field-ready brigade groups are there in the Regular Force? How many brigade groups does the Regular Force have? What type of squadron is co-located with each brigade? What type of helicopter squadron is co-located with each brigade? Where do Major training and support establishments exist? Who is the Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force? Where is the commander of the Canadian NORAD Region based? How many wings are in the Canadian Air Force? How many squadrons are in the Canadian Air Force? Along with Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador, what province has an air base? Where are administrative and command and control facilities located? Where is the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force based? The Canadian Airborne Early Warning Force is a part of what organization? Where are the major air bases located? What is the name of the Joint Task Force? What is the chain of forward operating locations in Canada? What does the chain of forward operating locations support? What squadrons periodically deploy to these airports for short training exercises? What kind of patrols do the CF-18 squadrons conduct? When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command established? What three commands merged to form the Canadian Joint Operations Command? When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command created? What does CANSOFCOM stand for? What is the focus of the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command? What does the CJOC stand for? Where is the CJIRU based? What is the abbreviation for the Special Operations Aviation Squadron? What is the Information Management Group responsible for? Where is the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group located? What has the Directorate of Cybernetics been tasked with? When was the Directorate of Cybernetics announced? Who is the Director General Cybernetics? What does the Health Services Group provide? What is the name of the Joint Task Force? Who is the Surgeon General for domestic support? What can be called upon in times of national emergency? What is the total reserve force of the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is the Chief of Reserves and Cadets? What is another name for the Air Reserve? What does COATS stand for? How old are cadets in the Canadian Cadet Movement? Who are the majority of COATS? Who are members of the Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS? What services do the Canadian Rangers provide? Where are the Canadian Rangers located? What is the name of Canada's reserve force? What is Canada's exercise of sovereignty over? What type of dress is not suitable for CAF members? What are some items that CAF members can wear on any occasion? What is now the daily uniform of the USAF? What is authorized for winter wear in cold climates? What type of full dress does the navy have? What is the most widely worn headgear in the Canadian Armed Forces? How is the Canadian Armed Forces' headdress coloured? What is the most widely worn headgear in the Canadian Armed Forces? What is the name of the helmet worn by the Canadian Army? What gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence? In what year was the amount of defence spending increased? Who had the right of electing pope in 1059? What type of church was each of the cardinals assigned? What term was used at one time to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church? When was the term cardinal first used? What is another term for priests of the diocese? What Latin word did the term cardinal originate from? Who retains an instance of the origin of the title of cardinal? Who were the first cardinals in Rome? In what century did cardinals become a privileged class among the Roman clergy? In what year was a synod of cardinals convened? Who was the pope in 1059? What document gave cardinals the right to elect the pope? In what year did Pope Innocent IV give the privilege of wearing the red hat? Who gave cardinals the privilege of wearing the red hat? What title was reserved for the cardinals of Rome in 1567? In what year did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? In what year did Pius V become pope? Who sent a letter in 747 to Pippin III? In what year did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? Who reserved the title of cardinal in 1567? In what year did Pius V become pope? In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent begin? Who headed the Ecumenical Council of Trent? In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent begin? Who headed the Ecumenical Council of Trent? Who was the first temporal ruler? In early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in what? Who was the ruler of France for many years? Who was the ruler of France for many years? What was Henry's title in Portugal? How many cardinals were limited to by Pope Sixtus V? How many cardinal bishops did Pope Sixtus V have? Which pope limited the number of cardinals to 70? At the start of 1971, how many cardinals were under the age of 80? What is the maximum age of cardinals under the age of? At the start of 1971, how many cardinals were under the age of 80? What did Pope Paul VI set no limit on? What type of church does each cardinal take on? Who is the Dean of the College of Cardinals? What is the titular bishopric of Ostia? In what year did Pope Urban VIII decreed their title to be Eminence? Who decreed their title to be Eminence? What rank did the title of Eminence equate to? Who did the title of Eminence belong to? Who decreed their title to be Eminence? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? What is the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English? How do cardinals sign? What do Oriental Patriarchs use as their full title? Why do Oriental Patriarchs use "Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis" as their full title? What is the first name in Latin? What is the first name of a pope in Latin? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal as pope? Does a see have an actual right to the cardinalate? What does no see have an actual right to? Who are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What are cardinals of? Who are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What was the customarily chosen person for papal election? Why was the papal election not reserved to the cardinals? Who is consecrated by the Dean of the College of Cardinals? Who is consecrated by the Dean of the College of Cardinals? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When was Velletri united with Ostia? Who separated Velletri from Ostia? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When did the cardinal bishops have a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? What see has its own bishop? Who is apostolic administrator in Ostia? When did the cardinal bishops have a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? What see has its own bishop? Who is apostolic administrator in Ostia? What are the cardinals collectively known as? Who decides the case of a cardinal? What does the pope give each newly appointed cardinal? Who gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring? What was the distinctive wide-brimmed hat called? In what year was the galero discontinued? What type of hat is still displayed on the cardinal's coat of arms? Which cardinals continue to wear the normal dress appropriate to their liturgical tradition? What does the blood-like red symbolize? What is always white in scarlet garments? What is the scarlet color of cardinals' vesture? When was it customary for cardinals to wear a violet or blue cape? When does the cardinalate expire? What pope created cardinals without publishing their names? What were lay cardinals allowed to do? When was the Code of Canon Law promulgated? Who can be appointed cardinals? What functions are reserved for bishops? Since what year have prominent priests been ordained bishops? When was it established that all cardinals had to be priests? When did Pope John XXIII set the norm that all cardinals be ordained as bishops? Who does the Cardinal Camerlengo collate information about? Who has the privilege of announcing a new pope's election? Where is the Basilica of Saint Peter located? Who chose not to be crowned in 1978? What color are the dalmatics? How many churches were recognized as cardinalatial deaconries in 2005? How long have Cardinal deacons been cardinal deacons? What percentage of cardinals were Italian in 1939? How many cardinals were Italian in 1994? How many deacons were in the Papal Household? What are the lowest-ranking cardinals? Who is the longest serving member of the order of cardinal priests? Who is the current cardinal protopriest? Who approves the election of the Dean of the College of Cardinals? What does Patriarch cardinals not receive? Who are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals? Who are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals? How many orders of cardinals are there in the Catholic Church? Who was responsible for electing the bishop of Rome? What type of church does every cardinal priest have? In what year did Pope Sixtus V try to stop the growth of the College? What was the maximum size of the College in 1587? Who abolished the limit on titular churches? What is another name for Iranic languages? What are the Iranian languages or Iranic languages a branch of? Iranic languages are a branch of what language family? When did Old Iranian end? What is the language of Sassanid Iran? How many Iranian languages are there? The term Iranian is applied to any language from where? Where does Iranian derive from? When was the term Irano-Aryan introduced? Who introduced the term Irano-Aryan? Who used the term Irano-Aryan in 1878? In what year did Robert Needham Cust use the term Irano-Aryan? What is the common ancestor of all Iranian languages? Where did the Indo-Iranian languages originate? What culture is suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture? In what year was the Andronovo culture suggested for a common Indo-Iranian culture? Along with Thracian and Balto-Slavic, what satem ethno-linguistic group was in close proximity to the Indo-European? Where did the Old Iranian languages settle? What must have existed among the ancient speakers of Iranian languages? How many Iranian languages have survived? What is the name of the last inscription in which Old Persian is grammatically correct? When was the Behistun inscription composed? When did the transition from Old Persian to Middle Persian begin? What are the two forms of Old Iranian dialects? What religion now goes by the name of Zoroastrianism? The Old Avestan dialect is roughly the same stage of development as what language? How old is Younger Avestan? What is the hypothetical predecessor to Carduchi? What did Herodotus call the unattested languages? Along with western Iran, where did the Iranian peoples settle? What language is not Old Persian? What language was not Old Persian? What are the two Proto-Indo-Iranian first-series consonants? What are the first-series palatal consonants? In what language does *c, *dz coincide with the state of affairs? Along with *ćw and *dźw, what consonant cluster is a complication? What are consonant clusters? What other dialect groups were already in existence during this period? What are the hypothethical ancestor languages of Alanian? What is the hypothetical ancestor of Parthian? When did the "Middle Iranian" era begin? What are the two main groups of Middle Iranian languages? Which group of languages retained some similarity to Avestan? What language did the Eastern group retain some similarity to? What script did Bactrian derive from? How was Bactrian written? What was the official language under the Sasanian dynasty? When was Middle Persian in use? Along with Parthian and Sogdian, what language was used as literary languages by the Manichaeans? What script were Manichaean texts written in? What religion took over Persia after the Conquest of Persia? What was the official language of the court? Which dynasty was the first in a line of many dynasties to adopt Dari? When did the Saffarid dynasty officially adopt Dari? What province did Ibn al-Nadim associate the term Dari with? What script is still in use in modern Persian? When did the Arabic script begin to be used in modern Persian? What script was first Latinised in the 1920s? When was the Tajik script Cyrillicized? Who first Cyrillicized the Tajik script? What was the name of the region in which Arabic languages were spoken? What two Iranian languages were displaced by the Turkic languages? In what century did the Proto-Slavic population of Eastern Europe begin to take over? Where is Yaghnobi located? What is the sole remnant of Scythian languages in Eastern Europe proper? What is the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What effect can proper lighting have on occupants? What is a major component of artificial lighting? What type of light sources are used? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve an aesthetic effect? What effect can proper lighting have on occupants? What is a major component of artificial lighting? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using what? What is usually accomplished using light fixtures? What is usually accomplished using light fixtures? Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using what? What is usually accomplished using light fixtures? In what year was fluorescent lighting first available at the World's Fair? What type of lighting is popular in Canada? When was fire first used to illuminate an area? What animals were used as lamps? What was the earliest form of artificial lighting used to illuminate an area? How long ago were these lamps found in France? What type of light was powered by electricity? When was gas lighting economical enough to power street lights? What did more street lights reduce? What do Lighting fixtures come in a wide variety of? What is one of the most important functions of light fixtures? What is the amount of usable light emanating from a fixture per used energy? What is the color temperature of an incandescent bulb? What type of bulb has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin? What color do high color temperatures correspond to? What is the color temperature of an incandescent bulb? What determines the intended use of light? Who invented track lighting? What type of transformer feeds all of the fixtures on the track or rod? What is a modified version of track lighting? How many volts does a master transformer use? What is an uplight intended for? What is the most common fixture found in many homes? What type of lamp is the desk lamp? In what type of nightclub would an illuminated ceiling be considered general lighting? What was once popular in the 1960s and 1970s but fell out of favor after the 1980s? What type of lighting would be used in a dark nightclub? What are small lights usually marked with in a movie theater? What is replacing low voltage lamps in a track or translucent tube? What are low voltage lamps usually made of? What is used to light roadways and walkways at night? What type of luminaires are some manufacturers designing? What can be used to illuminate outdoor playing fields or work zones during nighttime hours? What can be used along roadways in urban areas? What can be used outside to illuminate and signal the entrance to a property? What color are tail and brake lights? What color are headlamps? When did some automakers begin to use electroluminescent technology? What color are rear-facing reversing lamps? What do turn signals on the front, side, and rear of a vehicle indicate? What is another name for light bulbs? What does a light bulb convert into? How many lumens does a wax candle produce? How much light does a 15-watt compact fluorescent lamp produce? What is another name for architectural lighting design? What is another term for architectural lighting design? What software allows an Architect to quickly undertake complex calculations to review the benefit of a particular design? What are hand-calculations based on? What calculation takes into account the amount of daylight received in an internal space? What type of paint is used on walls and furniture? What type of paint absorbs light? What is another name for point by points? What is prepared to control the lights in step with the performance? Motion picture and television use many of the same tools and methods of what? What is the SI unit for luminance? What is the SI unit for luminance? What is the CGS unit of luminance? What is the abbreviation for lumen? What is a standardized model of human visual brightness perception? What is the SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance measured in? What is the abbreviation for UUGR? What does CCT stand for? What does CRI stand for? What does CRI stand for? What does CCT stand for? What does GAI stand for? What is the gamut area index? What does the gamut area index stand for? What are two types of dosimeters? What is the personal circadian light meter called? What is the first device to accurately measure the amount of light entering the eye? How long can the Daysimeter gather data? What type of light stimulates the circadian system? What is the basic concept of deciding how much illumination is required for a given task? What do lighting control systems reduce energy usage and cost? What are newer control systems using? What is an example of a mesh open standards system? What is one benefit of ZigBee? What type of sensors allow operation for whenever someone is within the area being scanned? What do passive infrared sensors react to? What type of sensors transmit sound above the range of human hearing? When motion can no longer be detected, what happens? What is the oldest method of interior lighting? What is not popular among most buildings? What are LED diodes? LEDs can be controlled by using what? What are some health effects of over-design illumination? What disease does the elderly suffer from? What is the human circadian system entrained to? What do circadian rhythms disrupt? Who conducted the study in 1972 and 1981? What did the study show about patients with windows? What did the study show about patients with windows? Where is Alison Jing Xu located? Where is Aparna Labroo from? Who devised a method where kerosene could be distilled from petroleum? In what year did Dr. Abraham Gesner come up with a method to make kerosene? Before Gesner, what method was used for lighting? What do CFLs use less power to supply? Why are CFL's better than incandescent lamps? What percentage of power do LED lamps use? How long is the lifetime of a compact fluorescent bulb? How long is the lifetime of LED lamps? What percentage of power do compact fluorescent lamps use? What is a growing problem of light pollution? What causes safety issues around buildings? What can be used if natural light is not present? What is a critical part of battlefield conditions? What type of cameras are used in modern warfare? What can be used by the military to mark positions? Along with laser-guided and GPS weapons, what weapons have eliminated the need for marking positions? What does CIE stand for? Who publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments? Along with ANSI, what organization publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments? What does the photometric data for lighting equipment define? What is the abbreviation IALD? What is the abbreviation for the Professional Lighting Designers Association? What was the former name of the Professional Lighting Designers Association? What does NCQLP stand for? What organization offers the Lighting Certification Examination? What is the abbreviation for Lighting Certified? What are the other three national lighting examinations? What is the abbreviation for the Professional Lighting And Sound Association? What is the abbreviation for the Professional Lighting And Sound Association? How many members are in the PLASA? What does the RoHS stand for? What was Montesquieu's political doctrine? How many separate branches of government did Montesquieu call for? What is the name of the United States constitution that states that the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches are kept distinct? What is separation of powers associated with? What did Montesquieu call the separation of powers? Who advocated the principle of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who strongly opposed the principle of separating the legislature, executive, and judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who influenced the opinions of Montesquieu? Who advocated the principle of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? Who strongly opposed the principle of separating the legislature, executive, and judiciary? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary? What was the name of the supreme lawmaking authority in the UK? What was the UK Westminster system based on? What were the branches of government called in the United Kingdom? In what country did strict separation of powers not operate? What court was the President of Delaware a member of? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What case did the Supreme Court hold in 1998? In what year was Clinton v. City of New York? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What doctrine states that Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency? What case did the Supreme Court hold in 1998? In what year was Clinton v. City of New York? What was one of the earliest cases involving the limits of non-delegation? In what year did Wayman v. Southard occur? Who was the Chief Justice in Wayman v. Southard? What branch of the government did Wayman v. Southard argue was unconstitutionally clothed? What was one of the earliest cases involving the limits of non-delegation? Who was the Chief Justice in Wayman v. Southard? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? What was the name of the case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration? What year was A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States? What year was A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States? What was the name of the case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration? Who is the Commander in Chief of the Army? Who has the power to make treaties and appointments to office? How can Congress terminate president appointments? What type of oversight does the Federal Trade Commission have? What power is vested with exceptions and qualifications? Who has the power to enforce laws? How can Congress terminate president appointments? Who approves appointments to office by the President? What does Congress often write legislation to restrain? In what case was INS v. Chadha decided? In what year did INS v. Chadha occur? How much of the Senate and House must approve of a bill passed by the House? What power is vested in the Supreme Court? Who appoints judges? Who appoints judges? What are courts exercising judicial power called? What power is vested in the Supreme Court and inferior courts? Who appoints judges? Who advises the president on appointing judges? What type of courts do legislative courts not take the form of? What is the judicial power of the United States? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who exercises a check over Congress through his power to veto bills? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who appoints judges with Senate advice and consent? Who appoints judges with Senate advice and consent? Who is the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy? Who has the duty and authority to prescribe laws and regulations under which the armed forces operate? How are Generals and Admirals confirmed? What branch of the government is reviewed through judicial review? What case established a precedent for judicial review? What is the only court that may determine constitutionality? Who has the power to set the jurisdiction of the courts? What is the only constitutional limit on Congress' power to set the jurisdiction of the judiciary? Who presides during a president's impeachment trial? Who wrote in Federalist 51? In what document did James Madison write about the ability of each branch to defend itself from actions by others? Who had a majority in Congress in the Civil War? How many bills did George Washington veto? How many bills did George Washington veto? How many bills did Jackson veto? Who was the first president to use the veto as a political weapon? How many vetoes did Congress override? What act required Senate approval for the dismissal of senior Cabinet officials? Who refused to confirm new nominations? Who refused to confirm new nominations? Who introduced a "Court Packing" plan? Who defeated the "Court Packing" plan? What did Nixon use as a basis for his expansion of power? What does " checks and balances" apply to? Who can withdraw the delegation at any time? Which state's Supreme Court has rules for procedures in the Florida courts? Which state's Supreme Court has rules for procedures in the Florida courts? What is the term used to describe buildings that are considered cultural symbols? What is the Latin word for architect? What is the Latin word for architectura? What are often perceived as cultural symbols? What are historical civilizations often identified with? What is the Latin word for architectura? What is the Greek word for architect? What are buildings and other physical structures considered to be? What are architectural works often perceived as? What type of civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements? What is the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who wrote De architectura? When did Vitruvius write De architectura? What three principles did Vitruvius say a good building should satisfy? What is the earliest written work on the subject of architecture? Who wrote De architectura? Who wrote De architectura? What three principles did Vitruvius say a good building should satisfy? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, and venustas? When was the notion of style in the arts developed? Who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects? What languages were Vasari's works translated into? Who should strive to fulfill each of Vitruvius's three attributes? Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria? What did Alberti believe was the most important aspect of beauty? What was the most important aspect of beauty? When was the notion of style developed? Who wrote Contrasts? When did Pugin write Contrasts? What did Pugin call the modern, industrial world? When did Pugin write Contrasts? What type of world did Pugin compare to? What type of architecture did Pugin believe was the only true Christian form of architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? In what year was Ruskin's Seven Lamps of Architecture published? What did Ruskin believe the sight of architecture contributed to? What does Ruskin state a building is not? What was of overriding significance for Ruskin? What does Ruskin state a building is not a work of? What type of courses did Ruskin use? What century was Le Corbusier born? Who wrote: "You employ stone, wood, and concrete? What was Le Corbusier's profession? What century was Le Corbusier born? What did Le Corbusier say about architecture? How did Le Corbusier feel about building houses and palaces? What concept came to be seen as encompassing all criteria of the use, perception and enjoyment of a building? Along with aesthetic, psychological and cultural considerations, what other criteria didFunction encompass? Who introduced the concept of function in place of Vitruvius? What criteria did "Function" encompass? The notion of structural and aesthetic considerations should be entirely subject to functionality was met with what? Along with rationalism, empiricism, structuralism and poststructuralism, what philosophy has influenced modern architects? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects? Along with rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, and poststructuralism, what philosophy has influenced modern architects? When was a new concept added to the compass of both structure and function? What was added to the compass of both structure and function in the late 20th century? How should a building be constructed to satisfy the contemporary ethos? What are non-sustainable power sources used for? Along with shelter, security, worship, shelter, and means, what is one of the basic needs of building? How did human cultures develop? What is the name given to the most highly formalized and respected versions of a craft? What is the name given to the most formalized and respected versions of building? What is another term for means? What type of buildings make up most of the built world? What caused the economy to expand? What is widely assumed to be the cause of architectural success? What is the term used to describe architecture produced in many parts of the world? What type of settlements were early human settlements? What was the result of the surplus in production? How did urban areas evolve? In what two ancient civilizations did architecture and urbanism represent the constant engagement with the divine? In what two ancient civilizations did architecture and urbanism represent the constant engagement with the divine? Along with the divine and the supernatural, what did architecture and urbanism represent in ancient civilizations? What did monuments represent in ancient civilizations? Who wrote early Asian writings on architecture? Where was Kao Gong Ji from? When did Kao Gong Ji live? Who wrote the Shilpa Shastras? Who wrote early Asian writings on architecture? What religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What type of architecture showed great regional diversity? When did Hindu temple architecture develop? What is Hindu temple architecture concerned with expressing? What are the concepts used in Hindu temple architecture? Along with Sikh, what type of architecture showed great regional diversity? What religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? The pointed arch was used to influence what type of architecture? When did Islamic architecture begin? Where did Islamic architecture incorporate architectural forms from? What was one of the main features of Islamic architecture? What was to influence European architecture of the Medieval period? What were the major architectural undertakings of abbeys and cathedrals? Along with abbeys and cathedrals, what was one of the major architectural undertakings? Who carried architectural knowledge across Europe? Along with Romanesque and Gothic, what style of architecture did clerics and tradesmen create? Along with Gothic, what style of architecture was influenced by clerics and tradesmen? When did clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? When did Renaissance Europe begin? When did Renaissance Europe begin? In what period did the revival of Classical learning begin? What was the revival of Classical learning accompanied by? What did Renaissance Humanism place greater emphasis on? Along with artist, architect, and engineer, what was another name for an individual in Renaissance Europe? Along with functional, technical, social, environmental, and aesthetic considerations, what is another aspect of architecture? Along with form, space and ambience, what aspect of architecture is considered to reflect functional, technical, social and environmental considerations? What are the pragmatic aspects of the practice of Architecture? Who stated that architecture goes beyond the functional aspects of human sciences? What aspect of architecture does Nunzia Rondanini believe goes beyond functional aspects? What can architecture stimulate and influence? What did Nunzia Rondanini believe architecture would promote? What aspect of architecture goes beyond the functional aspects? To restrict the meaning of art for art's sake is what? What is the purpose of formalism? What is a purposeless quest for perfection or originality which degrades form into? What type of ideals did the Greek and Roman evolve from? What new building types emerged in the Classical civilizations? What type of ideals did the Greek and Roman evolve from? What style of architecture developed in the form of the Classical orders? How long have texts on architecture been written? What type of prescriptions did the texts on architecture provide? What are examples of canons? In what century did Vitruvius write canons? What is one of the most important examples of canonic architecture? Who formed guilds in Europe during the Medieval period? What have survived in relation to ecclesiastical buildings? Along with ecclesiastical buildings, what type of buildings have written contracts survived? What is another name for master mason? What did science and engineering affect? The level of structural calculations involved was within the scope of what? What two fields began to separate? The humanist aspects of building design were often at the expense of what? What was the name of the "gentleman architect"? What did formal architectural training give little to? Where did effective architects receive their training? What did the Industrial Revolution open the door for? What became a criterion for the middle class? What became a criterion for the middle class as ornamented products became cheaper under machine production? Along with pattern books and architectural journals, what type of book could house builders use in their work? How could house builders use current architectural design? When did a general dissatisfaction with the emphasis on revivalist architecture and elaborate decoration give rise to many new lines of thought that served as precursors to Modern Architecture? The new lines of thought served as precursors to what? When was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? What was the purpose of the Deutscher Werkbund? Where was the Bauhaus school founded? What was the avant-garde movement? Who did the modernist architects focus on meeting? The academic refinement of historical styles served what order? What style of architecture did the modernist architects use? What did the modernist architects remove from buildings? Who developed Organic architecture? What are two prime examples of Organic architecture? What was the goal of Organic architecture? What revolution gave birth to high-rise superstructures? What type of construction gave birth to high-rise superstructures? What style of architecture did Modernism become? What was the name of the Twin Towers? Who designed the Twin Towers of New York? What did many architects find modernism devoid of? Along with Paul Rudolph, Marcel Breuer, and Eero Saarinen, who was the second generation of modernists? What was Brutalism's facades made of? What generation critiqued modernism and Brutalism? What school of architecture includes biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture? What are two examples of metaphoric architecture? What is the primary source of inspiration and design in metaphoric architecture? What is another name for expressionist architecture? When did architectural phenomenology emerge as an important movement? What style of architecture did Robert Venturi define as "decorated shed"? What was the goal of postmodernism? Who famously defined postmodern architecture as a "decorated shed"? What did Robert Venturi call modernist and brutalist buildings? When did the complexity of buildings begin to increase? A large structure can no longer be the design of what? Along with Modernism and Postmodernism, what two styles of architecture have been criticized? What has become a mainstream issue in architecture? What has changed architecture schools to focus more on? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture? What organization is responsible for LEED rating? Along with New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture, what is an example of a sustainable approach to construction? Along with solitary housing estates and suburban sprawl, what type of architecture does New Urbanism lean against? New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture promote what? New Urbanism and Metaphoric architecture are examples of what type of architecture? Along with life expectancy, education, and income per capita, what is the HDI? What is a country's life expectancy at birth? Who developed the HDI? Who published the HDI? What is a country's life expectancy at birth? When did the Human Development Report introduce an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index? What did the 2010 Human Development Report introduce? What is the actual level of human development? The HDI can be viewed as an index of what? In what year did Mahbub ul Haq create the Human Development Reports? Who did Mahbub ul Haq work with to develop the Index? What was the goal of the HDI? In what year did Mahbub ul Haq create the Human Development Reports? What is the life expectancy at birth? What is the term for years that a person has spent in schools? How many years of schooling does a person expect to spend in schools? What is the GNIpc? Who promulgates the formula defining the HDI? When was the 2015 Human Development Report released? What year was the 2015 Human Development Report released? When was the 2014 Human Development Report released? What year was the 2014 Human Development Report released? What does IHDI stand for? What does the IHDI measure? Which country has a missing IHDI? What does HDI stand for? Why were some countries not included in the 2014 report? What country was not included in the 2014 report? When was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What year was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What does the IHDI measure? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? When was the Human Development Report released? Which country has a missing IHDI? Which country has a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2011 report? Which country was not included in the 2011 report? When was the 2010 Human Development Report released? When was the Human Development Report released? What are the three basic dimensions of human development? Which country has a missing IHDI? Why were some countries not included in the 2010 report? Which country lodged a formal protest at the lack of inclusion in the 2010 report? What does Cuba rank as in later years? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? What was the 2009 Human Development Report called? What category were the top countries grouped in? What are the top countries in the HDI category? Why were some countries not included? What was the name of the statistical update that covered the period up to 2006? What did the "statistical update" lack? When was the "statistical update" published? When was the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 launched? What did the Human Development Report focus on? In what year did the Human Development Report begin? In what year did the Human Development Report begin? Where was the Human Development Report for 2007/2008 launched? What group of countries saw a decrease in HDI? What is considered to represent "low development"? Where are all 22 countries in the "low development" category located? Where are the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries ranked? Where are the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries ranked? What are the highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What is considered to represent "high development"? Which country was promoted to the "medium development" group? Along with Albania, Belarus, Brazil, Libya, Macedonia, and Macedonia, what country was promoted to "medium development"? Which arrows represent a decrease in ranking over the previous study? Which arrows represent an increase in ranking over the previous study? Which color represents a nation that did not move in the rankings since the previous study? Which country has been ranked the highest twelve times? Which country has been ranked highest twice? What does the Human Development Index focus on? What model of development is the Human Development Index criticized for? What does the Human Development Index focus on? What is one of the reasons the Human Development Index has been criticized? How many sources of data error were identified in the HDI? In what year did the UNDP react to the criticism of the HDI? What magazine did the UNDP respond to the criticism of the HDI? How many economies did the UNDP HDI enumerate in 2009? How many economies did the UNDP HDI cover in 2010? What is another name for southern Europe? What are the countries of the Iberian peninsula? Which Balkan countries are geographically in the southern part of Europe? The Italian peninsula is located in what part of Europe? Along with political, economic, and cultural attributes, what other attributes can be used to define southern Europe? Along with geography, climate, and flora, what natural feature makes up Southern Europe? What is the most emblematic climate of Southern Europe? Along with the Western and Southern coastal regions, what region of Europe has a Mediterranean climate? What type of landscape does the Mediterranean climate present? Where are the mountain ranges of Spain and Italy located? What part of Spain experiences a wetter Atlantic climate? Which region of Spain experiences a wetter climate? The Mediterranean Region is one of what type of flora? Who recognized the phytochoria of the Mediterranean Region? What was the period of classical antiquity known as? The rise of what type of city-states began the period known as classical antiquity? Who was the leader of the Greek empire? Where was the Western Roman Empire based? Where was the Eastern Roman Empire based? Who attacked northern Europe in AD 476? In what year did the Western Roman Empire fall? When was the Roman Empire divided into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire? What is another name for the Eastern Roman Empire? Who moved into positions of power in the remnants of the former Western Roman Empire? What did the Germanic peoples establish in Western Europe? What was the period of religiously motivated military expeditions originally intended to bring the Levant back into Christian rule called? When was the Sack of Constantinople? Which two cities became major economic powers during the Crusades? What movement worked to reconquer Iberia for Christendom? The Sack of Constantinople brought an abrupt end to what empire? When did the Black Death occur? What was the epidemic known as during the Late Middle Ages? What empire encroached on former Byzantine lands? In what year did Constantinople fall? When did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? In what century did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? The Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in what two areas? The Arabic texts and thought brought about rediscovery of what? The Treaty of the Pyrenees ended a conflict between which two countries? When did the religious wars in Europe end? Which two countries were involved in the Treaty of the Pyrenees? Who invented the telescope and thermometer? Who invented the radio? What led to the rise of colonial empires? What was the name of the trade that resulted in the rise of colonial empires? What was the new economy based on? What caused a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture? Between what years did a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars occur? Who did Balkan nations regain independence from? In what year did Italy capture Rome? What is the name of the Age of Empire? In what year did World War I begin? In what year did the Allies defeat the Central Powers? What conference was held in Paris in 1918? Who came to power in 1933? Who was the leader of the Nazi regime? Along with Mussolini, what country sought to gain control of Europe by the Second World War? Who was the leader of the Nazi regime? What military alliance did the countries in the Soviet sphere of influence join? What was the name of the European Union? Along with market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism, what was the EU responsible for? In what year did the Soviet Union dissolve? In what year did the Soviet Union dissolve? In what year did Croatia become part of the European Union? What are the most common Romance languages in southern Europe? How many people in Italy speak Italian? Where is Catalan spoken? Which Spanish language is spoken in northwestern Spain? How many people in Spain speak Spanish? What is the name of the language spoken in Greece? Where are the Hellenic languages spoken? Which Macedonian language is spoken in Macedonia? What language is spoken in Bulgaria? Where is Slovene spoken? What is the primary language in Southern Europe? What is the second language in Gibraltar? What is the primary language in Malta? What language group is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece? What is the official language of Malta? Where is the Basque Country located? What is the predominant religion in southern Europe? When was Christianity adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire? What religion are Christians in the western half of Southern Europe? What religion are Christians in the eastern half of Southern Europe? What is the United Nations Organization's classification of countries? Why is Southern Europe grouped for statistical convenience? What is Southern Europe grouped for? What does TDM stand for? What does TDM stand for? What is the name of the service of the British Broadcasting Corporation? What is the name of the Royal charter of the British Broadcasting Corporation? In what year did the BBC begin producing television programmes from its own? When was the start of regular service of television broadcasts dated? Where does the BBC operate? How much of all UK viewing does the BBC account for? What does the BBC rank as in terms of production companies? When was Britain's first television broadcast? Where was Baird Television Ltd.'s first television broadcast? How long was Britain's first television broadcast? When did Baird continue to broadcast via the BBC? On what date did Baird Television Ltd. make its first television broadcast? Where did the BBC begin broadcasting from? Who carried the 30-line images? What made all-electronic television systems obsolete? Where did the BBC move to in February 1934? When did the BBC move to larger quarters in 16 Portland Place? Where was the first regular high-definition television service? What band did the BBC broadcast on? What was the name of the first regular high-definition television service? What was the first regular high-definition television service? When was the first regular high-definition television service? How long did the Baird system run on a trial basis? What did the Baird system use for live programming? On what date did the Baird system close? What was the range of the Alexandra Palace transmitter? In what year did RCA pick up transmissions from Alexandra Palace? Who picked up transmissions in 1938? What was RCA experimenting with in New York? Where was the regular schedule of programmes transmitted from? On what date was the first electronically scanned television broadcast? What was the name of the first broadcast on a dedicated TV channel? Who was coronated in May 1937? When was the service suspended? What was the government concerned would act as a beacon to enemy aircraft? What was the name of the radar programme that the government wanted to use for the war effort? What was the name of the last Mickey Mouse cartoon transmitted? What happened to the broadcast of Mickey's Gala Premier? How many television sets were manufactured from 1936 to September 1939? Who was one of the original announcers? On what date did BBC Television return? Where did the majority of production move to in the 1950s? What was the name of the cartoon that was repeated twenty minutes later? In what city was the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station? What was the name of the transmitting station in Birmingham? What type of image did the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station transmit? What was the 405-line interlaced image on? What was the original name of the BBC Television Service? Which channel had the highest ratings for that week? What science fiction show was introduced on 23 November 1963? Where did television transmissions resume in 1946? What was the third television station for the UK? What was the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures? What was the cause of the delay in the launch of BBC2? What was the cause of the power failure in London? Who hosted the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures? What was the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in color? On what date did BBC One and ITV begin 625-line colour broadcasts? What type of programming does BBC Two not have? Who was the first controller of BBC2? What type of programming did Sir David Attenborough commission? In what year did Tom and Jerry first appear on BBC One? When did the BBC stop airing Tom and Jerry cartoons? How many episodes of Tom and Jerry were on BBC One in 1967? On what channel did the Tom and Jerry cartoons first appear? What unit did David Attenborough work with? When did the BBC Natural History Unit begin? Along with Life on Earth, The Blue Planet, and The Life of Mammals, what is one of the BBC Natural History Unit programmes? How many regions does England's BBC One output consist of? Along with Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, what country has been granted more autonomy from the BBC? How are programmes introduced in the other nations of the UK? What is one of the reasons the BBC One and BBC Two schedules are different? What political show is produced by BBC Northern Ireland? What soap opera is produced by BBC Scotland? What language does BBC Scotland produce daily programmes for? What is the name of the children's programming produced by BBC Scotland? Who hosts the talk show Almost Live? How much of the BBC's output is from independent British production companies? Which Simpsons show is no longer shown in the UK? What is the name of the show that was imported from the United States? What was Ceefax? When did Ceefax begin? What service replaced CEEFAX? When did the BBC announce that it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted? From what satellite did the BBC plan to transmit its domestic television channels unencrypted? When did the BBC announce that it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite? How much did the Astra 2D satellite cost the BBC? In what region of Europe did viewers receive BBC channels free-to-air? Who has expressed concern about unencrypted signal leaking out? On what platform were Scottish Premier League broadcasts made unavailable? Along with the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Cup, what football team was made unavailable on Sky Digital? When did the BBC celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins? What was released to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the television news bulletins? What did the BBC produce for several years before 1954? What was the name of the first television show to win a BAFTA award? Who headed the BBC Television department in 2006? What was the name of the new BBC Television department headed by Jana Bennett? Along with new media outlets and technology, what did the BBC Vision group have to deal with? In what year did the BBC begin experimenting with live streaming of certain channels? When did the BBC begin experimenting with live streaming of certain channels in the UK? What is the most exported television programme? How many times has Keeping Up Appearances been sold to overseas broadcasters? Who confirmed that Keeping Up Appearances was the most exported television programme? How often are TV viewers required to pay for a television licence fee? How are international television channels funded? In what year did Television revert to Television? Who leads Television? What is Television responsible for? When did BBC Japan cease operations? When did BBC Japan cease operations? What type of entertainment channel was BBC Japan? When was Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger born? What is Arnold Schwarzenegger's nickname? How many terms did Schwarzenegger serve as Governor of California? How old was Schwarzenegger when he began weight training? How many times did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Olympia contest? What was the name of the sword-and-sorcery epic Schwarzenegger starred in? How old was Schwarzenegger when he won Mr. Universe? What was Schwarzenegger's nickname during his bodybuilding career? In what year did Schwarzenegger finish his second term as governor? What political party did Schwarzenegger belong to? Who did Schwarzenegger replace in 2003? When was Schwarzenegger sworn in for his second term as governor? In what country was Schwarzenegger born? What was the name of Arnold's mother? Who was the local chief of police? What position did Gustav hold? Who did Gustav favor over Arnold? What was one of the highlights of Schwarzenegger's childhood? What sport did Schwarzenegger play? Who was the first real movie Schwarzenegger saw? What did Schwarzenegger's father want him to be? Who died in 2000? When did Meinhard die? What was the name of the son of Meinhard? What was the cause of Gustav's death? Who was Schwarzenegger's first serious girlfriend? Who interviewed Schwarzenegger in 2004? What was the title of Mr. Universe? What competition did Schwarzenegger win? In what year did Schwarzenegger make his first plane trip? Where was the NABBA Mr. Universe competition held? Who was Schwarzenegger's childhood idol? What did Schwarzenegger focus on in his legs? How long did Schwarzenegger train in Munich? What gym did Schwarzenegger work in? How old was Schwarzenegger when he dreamed of moving to the United States? How old was Schwarzenegger when he moved to the United States? Where did Schwarzenegger win his first Mr. Olympia title? Who designed the Gold's Gym logo? Which newspaper said that Schwarzenegger was the most famous immigrant in America? What was Arnold's autobiography called? Where did Schwarzenegger take English classes? What meditation did Schwarzenegger learn during TM? What did Schwarzenegger reveal he had been struggling with? What is the name of the annual bodybuilding competition held by Schwarzenegger? How often did Schwarzenegger write a column for Muscle & Fitness? How much did the magazines donate to Schwarzenegger? What position did Schwarzenegger hold after being elected Governor? What was the first Mr. Europe contest? How many Mr. Universe wins did Lee Haney win? How long was the Arnold Classic? What contest did Schwarzenegger win in 1967? In what year did Schwarzenegger first attempt to become Mr. Olympia? Who did Schwarzenegger lose to in 1969? In what year did Schwarzenegger win Mr. Olympia? How old was Schwarzenegger when he won Mr. Olympia? Who won the Mr. Olympia contest in 1975? In what year did Schwarzenegger win the Mr. Olympia? What contest did Schwarzenegger win in 1975? What was the name of the bodybuilding documentary produced by George Butler and Robert Fiore? How long did it take to prepare for the Mr. Olympia contest? Who won the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest? What was Schwarzenegger training for? How long did it take for Schwarzenegger to win Mr. Olympia? How long did it take for Schwarzenegger to win Mr. Olympia? In what year didenegger admit to using anabolic steroids? Who did Schwarzenegger sue in 1999? How much did Heepe collect? Which U.S. tabloid made predictions about Schwarzenegger's future health? In what film did Schwarzenegger play the role of Arnold Strong? What was Schwarzenegger's nickname? Who directed 'The Long Goodbye'? What award did Schwarzenegger win in 1976? What was Schwarzenegger told by agents and casting people about his body? In what year did Schwarzenegger buy the rights to Pumping Iron? In what year did Schwarzenegger play Mickey Hargitay in The Villain? What movie did Schwarzenegger audition for? What film did Schwarzenegger appear in in 1979? What was the sequel to Conan the Barbarian called? In what year did the sequel Conan the Destroyer come out? Who starred in 'The Terminator'? Who starred in Terminator 2: Judgment Day? In what year was 'The Running Man' released? What was the name of the film that Schwarzenegger directed with Danny DeVito? How much did Total Recall earn? In what state was 'The Switch' filmed? What TV show did Schwarzenegger appear on in 1990? What was the highest-grossing film of 1991? Who named Schwarzenegger the "International Star of the Decade"? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's next film? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's last film with Ivan Reitman? How much did Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines earn? How tall is the Terminator statue? What is the name of the local cultural association that proposed plans to build a Terminator statue? What film did Schwarzenegger appear in in 2005? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's comic book character? Who co-developed the Governator? What was the name of the World War II action drama written by Randall Wallace? Who wrote 'With Wings as Eagles'? When did Schwarzenegger announce that all movie projects were being halted? How long was Schwarzenegger's first leading role in The Last Stand? What movie did Schwarzenegger co-star with Sylvester Stallone in? What movie did Schwarzenegger star in in 2015? When was Terminator Genisys released? In what year did Schwarzenegger give a speech at the Republican National Convention? What anti-drug video did Schwarzenegger appear in? When did Schwarzenegger first come to public notice as a Republican? Who was the Vice President of the United States in 1988? What political party did George H. W. Bush call him? In what year did Schwarzenegger interview Talk magazine? Which magazine claimed that Schwarzenegger was thinking of running for governor? When did Schwarzenegger announce his candidacy for Governor of California? What was the name of the movie "The Running Man"? How much of the vote did Davis get in the recall election? Who did Schwarzenegger defeat in the 2003 election? How many votes did Schwarzenegger get? How much of the vote did Bustamante get? Who was the second foreign-born governor of California? Who said he would start a drive to recall the governor? What was Schwarzenegger's catchphrase from Saturday Night Live? When did Schwarzenegger call for a special election? How many ballot measures did Schwarzenegger support in 2005? Who did Schwarzenegger appoint as Chief of Staff? Who did Schwarzenegger run against in 2006? What city did Gavin Newsom live in? Who was rumored to run in 2010? Who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger? Who is Schwarzenegger's mother-in-law? In what movie is Schwarzenegger portrayed as the president? When didenegger become a U.S. citizen? What nationality is Schwarzenegger? Which candidate dropped out of the 2008 presidential race? Which candidate dropped out of the 2008 presidential race? What two issues did McCain and Giuliani discuss? What group named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the US? What was Gray Davis's approval rating? What was Gray Davis's approval rating? What was Schwarzenegger's initial campaign for governor called? How many women came forward with their personal stories? What newspaper reported on the allegations of sexual misconduct? What did a fifth woman claim Schwarzenegger tried to take off her? Which magazine interviewed Schwarzenegger in 2007? What substance did Schwarzenegger use in an interview in 1977? Who settled a libel lawsuit against Schwarzenegger in 2006? What was the name of the event that Richardson claimed Schwarzenegger touched her breast during? In what newspaper did Richardson claim that Walsh and Main libeled her? When was the death penalty abolished in Austria? Who claimed that Schwarzenegger's support of the death penalty had done damage to Austria's reputation? When did Schwarzenegger sign the first cap on greenhouse gas emissions? What type of plants are allowed to release gases into the atmosphere? By what year is the plan to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels? Which region did Schwarzenegger sign an executive order to work with? What type of panels has Schwarzenegger installed to heat his home? When did the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative take effect? What does the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative plan to reduce? Where was the 2009 SAE World Congress held? What clause of Article II, Section I, Clause V of the Constitution prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office? Who reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president? What university is Michael Dorf a law professor? How did Schwarzenegger write his objectives at the start of the year? How old was Schwarzenegger when he began his career in Hollywood? Who started a bricklaying business in 1968? In what year did the San Fernando earthquake occur? How much was the price of the apartment building Schwarzenegger purchased? What was the name of the chain of international theme restaurants founded by Schwarzenegger? In what year did Schwarzenegger sever his financial ties with Planet Hollywood? What was the original name of the Planet Hollywood chain of theme restaurants? What investment firm does Schwarzenegger own? Where is Arnold's Sports Festival held? What is the name of Arnold's Sports Festival? Oak Productions, Inc. and Fitness Publications are a joint publishing venture with which publisher? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's restaurant in Santa Monica? Where did Schwarzenegger open his restaurant in 1992? What does Schatzi mean? In what year did Schwarzenegger sell his restaurant? When did Schwarzenegger separate from Maria Shriver? How much money did Schwarzenegger spend in June 1997? When did Barbara Outland Baker publish her memoir? What type of society did Barbara Outland Baker believe Arnold had little understanding of? What was the first date between Outland and Schwarzenegger? Who was Schwarzenegger's next paramour? Where did Schwarzenegger meet Maria Shriver? When did Schwarzenegger and Shriver have a relationship? Who is Maria Shriver? Where did Schwarzenegger marry Shriver? How many children does Schwarzenegger and Shriver have? Who is the physical therapist that Schwarzenegger is dating? How long did Shriver and Schwarzenegger have a relationship? Which newspaper reported that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son with Mildred Patricia 'Patty'? How long was Baena employed by the family? What was the name of Baena's son with Schwarzenegger? In what year did Schwarzenegger buy a new four-bedroom house? Who is Schwarzenegger's attorney? Who did Schwarzenegger consult for his divorce? What did Schwarzenegger's initial divorce petition not include? Which actress came forward after the scandal? What was Schwarzenegger's aortic valve? In what year did Schwarzenegger opt for a heart valve? What was the name of Schwarzenegger's son? What part of his femur didenegger break? In what state wasenegger born? Where didenegger's private jet make an emergency landing? What is Schwarzenegger's official height? Who did Schwarzenegger engage in a light-hearted exchange with before running for Governor? What was Bob Mulholland's height? What is the name ofenegger's autobiography? What is the name of the chapter of Total Recall that discusses his extramarital affair? When was Total Recall released? In what year did AM General produce a street-legal, civilian version of the Humvee? How many Hummers did Schwarzenegger buy? What color was Schwarzenegger's car in 2015? How large are the Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought? How much did the conversion cost? What organization did Schwarzenegger sign an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants? Who gave Schwarzenegger a grant to help pay for the Hydrogen Highway Network? What is the name of the foundation Schwarzenegger founded? Where were the Special Olympics held in 2007? How many schools does the Inner City Games Foundation serve? What school is the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy part of? In what year did Schwarzenegger found the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy? Who is the chairman of the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy? How far is Plymouth from Exeter? How far is Plymouth from Exeter? What river joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? Where is Plymouth located? What is the name of the sound that forms the boundary with Cornwall? What was the name of the first settlement in Plymouth? What was the name of the more prosperous village in Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave Plymouth for the New World? When was Plymouth besieged by Parliamentarians? What was the name of the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America? What town became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town? In what year did Plymouth become a city? What was the name of the bombing of Plymouth during World War II? In what year did Plympton and Plymstock become part of Plymouth? What was the name of the urban district of East Stonehouse? How many people live in Plymouth? What ranking does Plymouth hold in terms of population? How many MPs are in Plymouth? What is the name of the Spanish city in Plymouth? What university is in Plymouth? What is the name of the settlement located in Tamar? Where have artefacts from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age been found? What is TAMARI OSTIA? When did the river silted up? What does the word Sutton mean in Old English? In what year was the name Plym Mouth first mentioned? Who first officially replaced Sutton in a charter of 1440? What does Plym Mouth mean? In what year did the French attack Plymouth? Who burned Plymouth in 1403? In what year was Drake's Fort built? Where was the fleet based prior to Plymouth Dockyard? In what year was an Act of Parliament passed for further fortifying Plymouth? Who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade? Who was the Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593? In what year did Drake engage the Spanish Armada? When did the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World? What was the name of the second English colony in what is now the United States of America? Who did Plymouth side with during the English Civil War? How long was Plymouth besieged by the Royalists? Where did the Plymothians defeat the Royalists? When did King Charles II restore the monarchy? Where were many of the Parliamentary heroes imprisoned? When did the Atlantic slave trade begin? When did Plymouth lose its pre-eminence as a trading port? When did HMNB Devonport open? Where did the first dockyard open? How many men worked in the dockyard in 1712? What was the population of the dockyard in 1733? What is the name of the parish in which the first dockyard opened? What were Plymouth's main imports before the latter half of the 18th century? What was Plymouth Dock renamed in 1824? What was the name of the house in the Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth? Who designed the neo-classical urban developments in Plymouth and Plymouth? Where was the Athenaeum located? Who established his somewhat short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture? In what year did William Cookworthy establish his Plymouth Porcelain venture? Who established the Plymouth Porcelain venture? Who was an associate and host of the Eddystone Lighthouse? How long is Breakwater? Who designed the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? When was the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound finished? When did work on the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound begin? What was the purpose of the Breakwater in Plymouth Sound? Along with maize, wheat, barley, sugar cane, and guano, what was one of the greatest imports to Plymouth in the 19th century? Where was the dockyard located? Where did the Royal Navy move to after the First World War? What was Devonport an important base for? Where did flying boats come from? Who operated Sunderland flying boats? What was the headquarters of Western Approaches Command? How many people died in the Plymouth Blitz? How many people lost their lives in the Plymouth Blitz? How many houses were completely destroyed in the Plymouth Blitz? Who was responsible for the redevelopment of the city? How many homes were built between 1951 and 1957? How many homes were built in Plymouth in 1964? In what year was the modernist high rise constructed? What grade was the Civic Centre listed by English Heritage? What aircraft carrier was refitted at Devonport Dockyard? In what year did the army leave the city? What is the name of the Commando in Devonport? What is the first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth? When was the first record of a settlement at Plymouth? What was the first record of a settlement at Plymouth? In what year did Plymouth gain status as a town? When was Plymouth granted a Charter by Parliament? Who was the first female member of parliament in the British Houses of Parliament? What was Nancy Astor's constituency? When was Plymouth granted city status? When was the first Lord Mayor appointed? What was the name of the parish of Plympton? Where was Michael Foot born? What position did Foot hold? When was the Health and Safety at Work Act passed? What political party did Foot belong to? Where was Michael Foot born? How many people lived in Plymouth in 1971? What document proposed abolishing county boroughs? What county was Plymouth lobbying for? When did Plymouth become a unitary authority? Who recommended that Plymouth become a unitary authority? What European Parliament is Plymouth in? Who was the Conservative MP for Moor View in 2015? What political party did the three constituencies of Plymouth Moor View belong to? Which constituency in the Parliament of the United Kingdom is Plymouth represented by? How many wards are in the City of Plymouth? How many councillors are in the City of Plymouth? How many times is the city of Plymouth up for election? Where is Brest located? In what year was Plymouth twinned with San Sebastiysk, Spain? Who granted Plymouth the dignity of Lord Mayor? How many councillors are elected each year? What party elects the Lord Mayor? Who is the Conservative councillor for 2015-16? Where is the Lord Mayor's official residence? Who gave the Lord Mayor's official residence to the City of Plymouth? Where is the Civic Centre municipal office building located? When did the Civic Centre municipal office building become a listed building? What was the estimated cost of the Civic Centre municipal office building? Which river forms the county boundary between Devon and Cornwall? What is the name of the river to the east of Plymouth? What river forms the county boundary between Devon and Cornwall? What natural harbour does the River Tamar flow into? When did the unitary authority of Plymouth begin? What is the name of the smaller estuary to the east of the city? How long has the Plymouth Breakwater been in use? What is the name of the island in the Sound? How many square miles is the Unitary Authority of Plymouth? How tall is Roborough? What is Plymouth Sound a Site of Special Scientific Interest? What type of slates are the headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound? What type of slate does Plymouth have? What type of slates make up the bulk of Plymouth Sound? Why is Plymouth Sound a Site of Special Scientific Interest? Where does the band of Middle Devonian limestone run west to east? Where did the granite mass of Dartmoor come from? What did Rocks bring down from Dartmoor? Where was the middle Devonian limestone belt quarried? What is the name of the band of Middle Devonian limestone? When was Sir Patrick Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth published? When was the Plan for Plymouth published? What is the name of the north-south avenue in Plymouth? Who led the 'Vision for Plymouth' team? How many parks are in Plymouth? What type of climate does Plymouth have? What is the annual mean temperature in Plymouth? What is the coldest month in Plymouth? How many inches of snow did the European winter storms cover Plymouth? What are the warmest months in Plymouth? Which depressions are more vigorous in autumn and winter? In what season are the Atlantic depressions most vigorous? What is the average annual rainfall? Which months have the highest mean wind speeds? Where does most of the rain fall in Atlantic depressions? What is the average annual sunshine in coastal areas? Which region has a favoured location when the Azores High pressure area extends north-eastwards? What was the record high temperature in June 1976? In what year did the temperature reach 31.6 °C? What is the average temperature on average? What was the temperature in January 1979? In what year did the temperature fall to −8.8 degrees Celsius? How many students attend the University of Plymouth? How many students attend the University of Plymouth? How many people work at the University of Plymouth? What is the annual income of the University of Plymouth? When was the University of Plymouth founded? Where does the University of St Mark & St John offer teacher training? What type of training does the University of St Mark & St John offer? What is the name of the college in Plymouth? How many students attend City College Plymouth? How many years ago was the Plymouth College of Art started? How many independent colleges of art and design are in the UK? How many large colleges are in Plymouth? How many state primary phase schools does Plymouth have? How many state primary phase schools does Plymouth have? How many state secondary schools does Plymouth have? What is the name of the independent school in Plymouth? What is the name of the secondary school in Plymouth? What college opened in 1880 in Keyham? In what year did the Royal Naval Engineering College close? What was the name of the new college at Manadon? In what year was training transferred to the University of Southampton? Where was training transferred to in 1994? What organization conducts research in all areas of the marine sciences? What is the name of the foundation that runs the National Marine Aquarium? What is the name of the marine institute in Plymouth? What does the Plymouth Marine Sciences Partnership stand for? What is the name of the aquarium in Plymouth? What was Plymouth's unitary authority area population in 2011? What was the population of Plymouth in 2001? How many people lived in Plymouth in 2011? What is the average household size in Plymouth? What is the largest minority ethnic group in Plymouth? What percentage of Plymouth's gross value added was in 2013? What was Plymouth's gross value added in 2013? What was Plymouth's GVA per person in 2013? What was the national average GVA per person? What is Plymouth's unemployment rate? What percentage of Plymouth's population was poorest in 2014? What was the life expectancy in Plymouth in 2014? What was the life expectancy in Plymouth in 2014? What was the life expectancy in Plymouth in 2014? How many people are employed in the defence sector? How many people are employed in the defence sector? When did the Plymouth Gin Distillery begin producing Plymouth Gin? What is the name of the gin distillery in Plymouth? When was the most widely distributed gin? How much of Plymouth's income comes from the Dockyard? What is the UK's only naval base that refits nuclear submarines? How many businesses are in Plymouth? How many people work at Tamar Science Park? Who has chosen to locate their headquarters in Plymouth? What is the name of the market at the west end of the zone? When was the Pannier Market completed? Where does Plymouth rank in terms of retail floorspace? What is the name of the Pool located at the foot of the Hoe? How much did the Tinside Pool cost to restore? What is the name of the project of urban redevelopment in Plymouth? Who launched the "Vision for Plymouth" project? Who backed the Vision for Plymouth project? How many dwellings does the Vision for Plymouth plan to build? How many dwellings does the Vision for Plymouth plan to build? In what year was the old Drake Circus shopping center demolished? When did Drake Circus Shopping Centre open? Where was TR2 built? In what year did TR2 win the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture? Who said the Drake Circus Shopping Centre was "ten years out of date"? What is the current name of the bus station? What entertainment arena is being demolished? What is being regenerated with mixed residential, retail and office space? What is the name of the A38 dual-carriageway in Plymouth? How far away is Exeter from Plymouth? What bridge connects Cornwall and Devon? Where is George Junction located? Who operates the Plymouth Citybus? What is the name of the regular international ferry service? What is the name of the ferry service from Millbay to France? What is the name of the ferry that runs from Millbay to Spain? What is the name of the hamlet of Cremyll? When did the passenger ferry between Stonehouse and Cremyll start operating? What is the name of the city's airport? How long was Plymouth City Airport? When does FlyPlymouth plan to reopen the airport? What is the name of the airline that operates flights from the airport? When did Plymouth railway station open? Who manages Plymouth railway station? What is the name of the railway line that serves Plymouth? How many MPs from the main political parties in the region have lobbied that the train services are vital to its economy? What is the name of the rail network that runs through Plymouth? When did the railway reopen? How many feet was the sea wall at Dawlish breached? When did the line reopen? When did the line reopen? How many churches does Plymouth have? In what year was the first Brethren assembly in England established? What is the oldest church in Plymouth? What religion is St Andrew's? How many Baptist churches are in Plymouth? Who was the first known reference to Jews in the South West? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? What is the grade of the Plymouth Synagogue? Who is the oldest Synagogue in the English speaking world? What percentage of the population described themselves in the 2011 census as being at least nominally Christian? What percentage of the population described themselves as nominally Christian in the 2011 census? What is the percentage of people without a religion? What is the national average of people without a religion? What percentage did not state their religious belief in the 2011 census? In what year was Union Street built? Who was a notable performer in Union Street in the 1930s? How many pubs were in Union Street in the 19th century? Where did sailors seek entertainment in Union Street? What annual event is held in August? In what year did Roy Lowry set the world record for the most simultaneous fireworks? Who broke the world record for simultaneous fireworks in 2006? Where is Roy Lowry from? When was the Music of the Night performed? How many people can the Theatre Royal hold? How many people can the Drum Theatre hold? How much does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery cost? How many galleries does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery have? When was the Plymouth Athenaeum built? What is the name of the main local radio station in Plymouth? What is the name of the main local radio station in Plymouth? What is the name of the main local radio station in Plymouth? What is the name of the main local radio station in Plymouth? What is the name of the main local radio station in Plymouth? What is the name of the non-conformist football club in Plymouth? What is the fourth tier of English football called? What is the name of the home ground of Plymouth Argyle F.C? What is the nickname of the group of English non-conformists that left Plymouth for the New World? Where do the Elburton Villa F.C. play? What is the name of the rugby club in Plymouth? What is the name of the basketball club in Plymouth? When was the Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club founded? Where do the Plymouth Pavilions play? When was the Plymouth Pavilions founded? When was the Port of Plymouth Regatta held? When did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series? How many days did the America's Cup World Series last in Plymouth? What year did South West Water take over Plymouth? Who supplied South West Water prior to 1973? When was the Drake's Leat opened? What is the name of the watercourse that was opened on 24 April 1591? When was the Devonport Leat completed? Who is responsible for waste management throughout the city? Which water body is responsible for sewerage? How is Plymouth's electricity distributed? When did the Langage Power Station start producing electricity? Where is the Langage Power Station located? When was the Plymouth Borough Police formed? Where are Plymouth's police stations located? How many fire stations are in Plymouth? Where is the Severn class lifeboat stationed? What is the name of the police force in Plymouth? Where is the Royal Eye Infirmary located? How long is Derriford Hospital? Where is the Royal Eye Infirmary located? Which NHS Foundation Trust operates in Plymouth? Where is South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust's headquarters? When was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? Where are the two large early 20th century cemeteries located? What is the name of the privately owned cemetery on the outskirts of Detroit? What is set into the ground in Drake Memorial Park? When was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? When was the Royal Citadel built? When was the Royal Citadel built? When was Smeaton's Tower built? How long is Smeaton's Tower? What is the name of the war memorial in Plymouth? What is the name of the early port settlement of Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World? Where are the Pilgrim Fathers commemorated? How many marine species are in the National Marine Aquarium? How many listed buildings are in Sutton? What is a well restored example of a "Palmerston's Folly"? Where is Crownhill Fort located? Who owns Crownhill Fort? Where is Devonport located? How many waymarkers are on the Devonport Heritage Trail? Where is the Tamar Valley located? Along with Cawsand and Whitsand Bay, what is a popular tourist destination in Cornwall? What valley is Dartmoor located in? Who designed the Roland Levinsky building? When did the Roland Levinsky building open? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? What is housed in the Roland Levinsky building? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? What are people from Plymouth known as? What is another name for Plymothians? Who is the Plymouth form of John? What is the Devon form of Cousin Jan? Where was Sir Francis Drake born? What did the Spanish call Sir Francis Drake? In what year did Sir Francis Drake die? What disease did Sir Francis Drake die of? Who was the first president of the Royal Academy? Who painted the paintings of Beryl Cook? What college did David McKee attend? What type of music did John Surman play? What avant garde prepared guitarist was born in Plymouth? Where is Michael Foot's family located? What is the name of a notable footballer who was born in Plymouth? What nationality is Chris Axworthy? Which US President was born in Plymouth? What movie did Donald Moffat play President Bennett in? What famous comedian was born in Plymouth?