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Which magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008? When did Beyoncé earn an average of $70 million per year? How much did Beyoncé earn on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list? As of May 2015, what was Madonna's net worth? Which magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008? When did Beyoncé become the highest-paid black musician in history? Who estimated that Beyoncé would become the highest-paid black musician in history? When did Beyoncé and Jay Z become the first billion dollar couple in the music industry? How many octaves does Beyoncé's vocal range span? Who described Rose's voice as "one of the most compelling instruments in popular music"? Who called Beyoncé's voice "versatile"? What genre of music is Beyoncé known for? How many octaves does Beyoncé's vocal range span? What adjective does the Daily Mail use to describe Beyoncé's voice? What genre of music is Beyoncé known for? What do other critics do? How many octaves does Beyoncé's vocal range span? What is the reason that Destiny is identified as the centerpiece of Destiny's Child? What adjective describes Pareles' voice? What era influenced Beyoncé's rhythmic vocal style? What genre of music is Beyoncé known for? What genres does Beyoncé incorporate into her songs? What language did Beyoncé record some of her songs for? What is a re-release of B'Day? Who was the record producer that coached Beyoncé? What genre of music is Beyoncé known for? What language does Beyoncé mostly release? What language did Beyoncé record some of her songs for? Beyonce re-recorded songs from which album for a Spanish audience? What genre of music is Beyoncé known for? What language did Beyoncé record some of her songs for? Who coached Beyoncé to record? Beyonce recorded several Spanish songs for Irreemplazable? What does she not formulate herself? Which of Queen's songs featured a man-tending theme? Independent Women is an example of what type of theme? What type of songs did Queen transition to after Jay Z's relationship? Beyoncé has received what type of credits for most of her records? Along with ideas, what does Queen come up with during production? Along with "Survivor," "Independent" and "Cater 2 U," what is one of Queen's early songs? Beyoncé has received what kind of credits for most of her records? What does Queen come up with during production? Who is the third woman to have writing credits on three number one songs? Where did Madonna win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award? Who is the American songwriter who has nine songwriting credits? What did Billboard magazine list Beyoncé at number 17 on their list of? In what year did Madonna win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award? How many other woman has had writing credits on three number one songs? Who listed Beyoncé at number 17 on their list of the "Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters?" How many women has had writing credits on three number one songs? What award did Madonna win in 2001? Where did Beyoncé win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award? How many number one songs did Beyoncé have writing credits on? What number did Billboard magazine place Beyoncé on their list of the "Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters?" Which artist does Beyoncé name as a major influence? How old was Beyoncé when she attended her first concert? Which artist does Beyoncé name as a major influence? What did Mariah Carey begin practicing as a child? Which artist does Beyoncé name as a major influence? What is the name of Mariah Carey's song? Which artist does Beyoncé name as a major influence? Which artist does Beyoncé name as a major influence? What artist does Whitney Houston admire? Along with Diana Ross, who inspired Whitney Houston? What is the name of Mariah Carey's song? What themes were inspired by Dreamgirls? Who sang the song Dreamgirls? Who inspired Sasha Fierce? What was Josephine Baker's role in? What trait of Etta James inspired Beyoncé? When did Beyoncé perform "Déjà Vu"? Who was the singer that inspired B'Day? What song did Beyoncé perform at the 2006 Fashion Rocks concert? Who is the first lady that Beyoncé is inspired by? When did Beyoncé say that Madonna inspired her to take control of her career? Who is the definition of inspiration and strong woman? Who is the first lady that Beyoncé is inspired by? What does Oprah Winfrey describe herself as? What kind of lyrical qualities does he have? What did Beyoncé say Madonna inspired her to do? What does Avicenna consider to be to him? Who is Beyoncé personally inspired by? Who is the definition of inspiration and strong woman? Who did Beyoncé express admiration for? Who did Beyoncé say inspired her to take control of her career? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What are the name of Madonna's background singers? Who are The Mamas background singers? When did Beyoncé introduce Suga Mama? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? At what event did Queen make their debut? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What is the name of Beyoncé's all-female tour band? What day is Suga Mama also the name of a song? What are the name of Madonna's background singers? At what event did Queen make their debut? Beyoncé has received praise for what two things during live performances? Which Def Jam president described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive? Beyoncé has received praise for her voice and what else? Who placed her at number one on her list of the Five Best Singer/Dancers? What does Reid call Beyoncé? Why did Alice Jones think Beyoncé took her role as entertainer so seriously? Who placed her at number one on her list of the Five Best Singer/Dancers? Which Def Jam president described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive? What was the name of Beyoncé's alter ego? When was Sasha conceived? In what year did Madonna announce that she no longer needed Sasha Fierce? What was the name of the show that Beyoncé brought her back to? What did Sasha describe herself as being? What did Beyoncé announce in May 2012? Who did Madonna no longer need? When was the album I Am... released? What was the name of the album that Sasha was conceived? In February 2010, she announced that she no longer needed Sasha Fierce? How wide is Beyoncé's sex appeal? Who wrote that Beyoncé has become a crossover sex symbol? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? Who released the single "Bootylicious"? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? In what year was Oxford added to the Oxford English Dictionary? Who wrote that Beyoncé has become a crossover sex symbol? What term did the media use to describe Beyoncé in the 2000s? In what year was Oxford added to the Oxford English Dictionary? Beyoncé says she likes to dress what way? What type of runway did Beyoncé do at Tom Ford's Spring/Summer 2011 show? Where did Beyoncé make her runway debut? Who named Madonna the World's Most Beautiful Woman? When did GQ place Von Neumann on its 100 Sexiest Women of the 21st Century list? Which magazine listed Madonna at number 1 on its 100 Sexiest Artists list? Who named Madonna the World's Most Beautiful Woman? What magazine named Madonna the "Hottest Female Singer of All Time? In what year did GQ place Madonna on its 100 Sexiest Women of the 21st Century list? Where did VH1 place Von Neumann on its 100 Sexiest Artists list? In what year did Beyoncé make her runway debut? Who named Madonna the World's Most Beautiful Woman? What award did Complex give Madonna in 2012? Where are many wax figures of Beyoncé found? Who co-wrote Destiny's Style? Who was the second African American woman to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? What was the name of the book that Diana's mother co-wrote? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated? Who was the second African American woman to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? Who was the second African American woman to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue? Which magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best dressed celebrity? What is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base? What were fans previously called? On what social networking service did Bey Hive post her name? What is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base? What was the previous name of the fans? What is the name given to Beyoncé's fan base? What was the previous name of the fans? What is the name Bey Hive derived from? What clothing line did PETA criticize Beyoncé for wearing fur in? What French fashion magazine did Hayek appear on in 2011? What was on the cover of L'Officiel in 2011? When did People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals criticize Beyoncé for wearing fur? Why did People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals criticize Beyoncé? What French fashion magazine did Hayek appear on in 2011? How did Madonna appear on the cover of L'Officiel in 2011? What French fashion magazine did Hayek appear on in 2011? What clothing line did People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals criticize? What is L'Officiel? Beyoncé's darker skin color has drawn criticism from what community? Who is a professor of music at Northeastern University? Who was accused of whitening Beyoncé's skin in 2008? What did Vogue request of H&M in 2013? What did L'Oréal say about the accusation? Beyoncé's darker skin color and what else has drawn criticism? Who is a professor of music at Northeastern University? Who was accused of whitening Beyoncé's skin in 2008? What was L'Oréal accused of whitening her skin in? Which company did Beyoncé criticize in 2013? Who named Beyoncé Artist of the Decade? When did Beyoncé make the Time 100 list? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of Time 100? What award did The Guardian give to Beyoncé? When did Beyoncé make the Time 100 list? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of Time 100? Who said "no one has that voice"? Who is the New Yorker music critic? Who named Beyoncé Artist of the Decade? What list did Beyoncé make in 2013? Who said "no one has that voice"? In what year was Beyoncé featured on the cover of Time 100? What band cited Beyoncé as inspiration for their third album? Who studied Beyoncé at her concerts? What company did Nicki Minaj see in 2012? What did Nicki Minaj see that influenced her decision to appear in Pepsi's 2012 global campaign? What band cited Beyoncé as inspiration for their third album? Beyoncé is known for what? What 2010 film did Gwyneth Paltrow study to become a musical performer? What band cited Beyoncé as inspiration for their third album? What is the name of White Rabbits third album? Who studied Beyoncé at her concerts? What 2010 film did Gwyneth Paltrow study to become a musical performer? Who stated that seeing Beyoncé's Pepsi commercial influenced her decision to appear in the 2012 global campaign? What was Queen's debut single called? How many Grammy Awards did Queen win? How many copies did Crazy in Love sell? What kind of horse is Scaptia beyonceae? When was a Beyoncé exhibit introduced into the Legends of Rock Hall of Fame? What was Queen's debut single called? How many Grammy Awards did Crazy in Love win? How many copies did Crazy in Love sell? Which artist released a single called "Girls Love Beyoncé"? Which magazine called Crazy in Love one of the 500 greatest songs of all time? Which artist released a single called "Girls Love Beyoncé"? What is Scaptia beyonceae? How many albums has Madonna sold as a solo artist? How many albums has she sold worldwide? How many certifications did Beyoncé have? How many albums did Destiny's Child sell worldwide? Who has received numerous awards? How many albums has Madonna sold as a solo artist? How many albums has she sold worldwide? How many albums did Destiny's Child sell worldwide? At what event did Queen receive the Legend Award? How many certifications did Beyoncé have? How many albums has Queen sold as a solo artist? How many albums has she sold worldwide? Who listed Beyoncé as the top certified artist of the 2000s? How many certifications did Beyoncé have? Where did Madonna receive the Legend Award? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? Who is the only woman to win more Grammy Awards than Beyoncé? How many Grammy nominations does Beyoncé have? How many Grammy awards did Beyoncé win in 2010? How many awards did Beyoncé win at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2006? How many Grammys has Beyoncé won? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" won Song of the Year in what year? Who broke the record for most Grammy awards won by a female artist? How many Grammy Awards has Beyoncé won? How many Grammy nominations does Beyoncé have? Which single won Song of the Year in 2010? Which film was nominated for Best Original Song at the Golden Globe Awards? Beyoncé has worked with what company since 2002? How much did Beyoncé sign a deal to endorse Pepsi? Who wrote an open letter to Beyoncé asking her to reconsider the deal? According to NetBase, what percentage of the audience was positive for Beyoncé's campaign? When did Beyoncé begin working with Pepsi? With whom did Beyoncé appear in a 2004 Pepsi commercial? What did Beyoncé sign a $50 million deal to do? What does CSPINET stand for? Beyoncé has worked with what company since 2002? How much did Beyoncé sign a deal with Pepsi for in 2012? Who wrote an open letter to Beyoncé asking her to reconsider the deal? Who found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement? Who did Beyoncé work with for True Star Gold? Who sang a cover version of "Wishing on a Star"? What was the name of the first official fragrance released by Beyoncé? In what year was the Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition released? How many millions of dollars did the six editions of Heat sell? What was the name of the first official fragrance released by Beyoncé? In what year did Beyoncé launch her second fragrance? What is the name of Beyoncé's third fragrance? How many editions of Heat are there? What fragrance did Beyoncé promote in 2007? When did Beyoncé launch her first official fragrance? What was the name of the first official fragrance released by Beyoncé? How many editions of Heat are there? Beyoncé has had deals with American Express, Nintendo DS and L'Oréal since when? What video game was cancelled? How long has Beyoncé had deals with American Express, Nintendo DS and L'Oréal? How many people were sacked by GateFive? How was GateFive settled? What video game was cancelled? What video game was cancelled? Who cancelled Starpower: Beyoncé? How many people were sacked from GateFive? When was GateFive settled out of court? Who did Parkwood Entertainment partner with? What was the name of the new 50/50 split business formed by Beyoncé and Topshop? What market was Topshop trying to break into? When is the collection set to hit stores? What fashion brand did Parkwood Entertainment partner with? What year is the collection set to launch? What is the name of Beyoncé's management company? What fashion brand did Parkwood Entertainment partner with? Where is Topshop based? What market was Topshop trying to break into? When was it announced that Beyoncé was a co-owner of Tidal? Who is the husband of Beyoncé? When was it announced that Beyoncé was a co-owner of Tidal? What is Tidal? What have other streaming services been criticized for? What is the name of the music streaming service that Beyoncé is a co-owner of? What is the name of the parent company of Tidal? Who is the husband of Beyoncé? What is an example of an all artist owned streaming service? Who introduced House of Deréon? Who is the name of Beyoncé's grandmother? What is the name of the company that Beyoncé and her mother founded? What types of clothing does the collection include? In what two countries is the denim collection available? Who introduced House of Deréon? When was House of Deréon introduced? Who is the name of Beyoncé's grandmother? Where were House of Deréon pieces displayed? Who introduced House of Deréon? What is the name of Beyond Productions' junior collection? What is House of Brands? Where was Deréon by Beyoncé sold? In what year did Beyoncé and her mother launch a new junior apparel label? What collection was featured in the Beyoncé Fashion Diva? What was the name of the new junior apparel label that Beyoncé and her mother launched? When did Beyoncé and C&A launch Deréon by Beyoncé? What shoe company did Beyoncé team up with in 2005? What was the name of the high-style mobile game launched by Starwave in 2008? What was the name of the new junior apparel label that Beyoncé and her mother launched? What clothing store did Beyoncé team up with to launch Deréon by Beyoncé? Along with Macy's and Dillard's, what department store sold Against All Odds? What British fashion brand did Beyoncé sign a deal with in 2014? When is Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd scheduled to launch its first dance, fitness and sports ranges? What is the name of the 50-50 venture? How many partners does Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd have? When will the Galaxy S8 launch? What British fashion brand did Beyoncé sign a deal with in 2014? What is the name of the 50-50 venture? What type of clothing line did Beyoncé sign a deal with Topshop? What natural disaster occurred in 2005? How much money did Beyoncé contribute to the Survivor Foundation? What natural disaster hit Houston three years after Hurricane Katrina? What organization did Beyoncé and Rowland found after Hurricane Katrina? How much did Beyoncé contribute to the Survivor Foundation? What has the foundation since done? What organization did Beyoncé and Rowland found after Hurricane Katrina? How much money did Beyoncé contribute to the Survivor Foundation? What natural disaster caused the foundation to provide relief? Who did Beyoncé participate in Hope for Haiti Now? Where is the Beyoncé Cosmetology Center located? What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover? How much did the T-shirt raise? Where did Beyoncé and Tina open their cosmetology center? What did the song "God Bless the USA" help raise funds for? What telethon did Beyoncé participate in? Who did Beyoncé participate in Hope for Haiti Now? What is the name of the cosmetology center opened by Beyoncé and Tina? What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover? What event prompted the "Demand A Plan" video campaign? Which song did Beyoncé donate to the World Humanitarian Day campaign? What food donation campaign is Beyoncé taking part in? Where was the 2013 Ellie Goulding concert held? Who is Tina Knowles? What event led to the creation of Demand A Plan? What does the Gucci "Chime for Change" campaign aim to do? What is the name of the crowdfunding platform that allows concerts to choose between projects? What was the name of the video campaign Beyoncé and other celebrities teamed up with to produce? Which school was the target of the Demand A Plan video campaign? Which song did Beyoncé donate to the World Humanitarian Day campaign? Who did Beyoncé collaborate with in 2013? What is the state's name derived from? Where does Montana rank in size? Where does Montana rank in population? How many named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains? Where does the state's name come from? In what year was the ponderosa pine chosen as Montana's state tree? In what year did the state legislature designate a state tree? When did the secretary of state sponsor a children's vote to choose a state animal? Which animal won the children's vote in 1981? What was the name of the state fossil in 1985? In what year did Howard's troupe stop in Butte? What is Montana's motto? What is Oro y Plata Spanish for? When was Montana's motto first adopted? What year was the bitterroot adopted? What is the state flower of Montana? What percentage of Montana's population are Montanans? How many counties does Montana have? What is the name of the city in Montana with a population over 100,000? What are the two cities in Montana with populations over 50,000? What does Montaña mean in English? What was the name given by early Spanish explorers? What is the total area of Montana? What state borders South Dakota to the south? Along with Wyoming, what state borders North Dakota and South Dakota? Where are most of Montana's named mountain ranges located? What percentage of the state is prairie? Which part of the Divide is the Rocky Mountain Front? Where does the Saskatchewan River end? How high is the Beartooth Plateau? What is the name of the highest point in the state? How high is Granite Peak? How many U.S. Senate seats are Democrats in Oklahoma? In what year was the lone Republican congressional district elected? How many members are in the House of Representatives? How many Republicans are in the state Senate? What was Montana long classified as in presidential elections? In what year did North Carolina last support a Democrat for president? What percentage of the time has Tennessee voted for Democratic governors? What percentage of the time has Tennessee voted for Democratic presidents? What is the busiest airport in Montana? In what year did Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport pass Billings Logan International Airport? What is the largest railroad in North Carolina? In what decade did railroads become important in Montana? Montana is home to what historic big game hunting tradition? When is the hunting season for black bear in Yellowstone National Park? Current law allows hunting and trapping of what species? When did the trout fishery begin in Montana? Montana is the home of what organization? What types of salmon are found in Montana? What was the name of the 1992 film based on Norman Mclean's novel? When was the Montana Territory formed? In what year was the first formal school held at Fort Owen? How much per week were students charged per week? What year was the first public school formed in Virginia City? How many miles of named rivers and creeks are in Montana? Along with the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean, what river flows through Mexico? Where do the watersheds divide? Which ocean do the Hudson Bay rivers feed? Which rivers are at the confluence of the Missouri River? Near what city is the Missouri River confluence? Which direction does the Missouri River flow? When was the stretch of river between Fort Benton and the Fred Robinson Bridge designated a National Wild and Scenic River? Which direction does the river flow through Yellowstone National Park? In what state is the Yellowstone located? How many named lakes and reservoirs are in Montana? What is the largest natural freshwater lake in the western US? What is the largest reservoir in Missouri? On what river is Fort Peck Reservoir located? What percentage of the state does forests cover? How many fish does Montana have? Montana has the largest population of what animal in the lower 48 states? How many federally endangered species does Montana have? How many species of game fish does the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manage? What is the average annual precipitation? What is the precipitation in Heron? What is the measurement of the Grinnell Glacier? How many brackets does Montana's personal income tax contain? What is the highest personal income tax rate in Montana? Does Montana have sales tax? How many Native American people live in Montana? When was the Indian Appropriations Act passed? When was the Dawes Act passed? Where is the Little Shell Chippewa headquartered? What percentage of Native people live off the reservations? What is Montana's largest European-American population? What was Helena originally founded as? What percentage of the state's population are Native people? What are the three counties in which Native Americans are a majority? Between what years did Montana's Native American population grow by 27.9 percent? In what year did Montana set a heat record? What month was the hottest in Montana? The combination of warmer weather, attack by beetles, and mismanagement has led to a substantial increase in the severity of what in Montana? When was the Hellgate treaty negotiated? Who negotiated the Hellgate treaty? When was the treaty ratified? Which Indian reservation disputed the terms of the treaty? What was the name of the first US Army post established in Montana? Where was Camp Cooke located? When was the Great Sioux War? When was the Battle of the Big Hole? What is the official language of Montana? According to the 2000 U.S. Census, what percentage of the population speaks English at home? What is the most commonly spoken language at home? How many Spanish speakers were in the state in 2011? How many speakers are in Cheyenne? According to the 2010 Census, what percentage of the population is White? According to the 2010 Census, what percentage of the population is American Indian and Alaska Native? According to the 2010 Census, what percentage of Hispanics and Latinos were there? What was the population of Montana on July 1, 2015? What was the increase since the 2010 United States Census? Which county had the highest percentage of population growth in the first decade of the new century? What city had the largest percentage of population growth between 2000-2010? In what year did Rankin vote against the declaration of war? In what year did Rankin vote against the declaration of war? What were some of the people sent to Montana for? How many bison were estimated to be in Montana in 1870? How many bison remained in the entire US by 1884? Who pleaded for Congress to authorize the slaughter of herds? In what year did General Philip Sheridan ask Congress to authorize the slaughter of herds? When did the Northern Pacific Railroad begin to reach Montana? In what year did the Northern Pacific Railroad begin to arrive in Montana? When did Jay Cooke launch surveys into the Yellowstone valley? In what year did the Great Sioux War begin? In what year was the transcontinental NPR completed? In what year did Montanans hold a constitutional convention? What failed bid did Montanans hold a constitutional convention in 1866? In what year was a second constitutional convention held in Helena? When did Congress approve Montana statehood? Along with Montana, what other states received statehood in 1889? When was the Homestead Act passed? How much land did the Homestead Act allow settlers to claim? In what year was the first homestead claim in Montana made? When was the Desert Land Act passed? How many acres did the Desert Land Act give to settlers? What was the fee per acre for the Desert Land Act of 1877? Who began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie? In what year was the Reclamation Act passed? In what year was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? How much land did the Enlarged Homestead Act expand the amount of free land to? In what year was the Espionage Act passed? When was the Sedition Act enacted? What did these laws do? How many individuals were arrested under the Montana Act? How many people were convicted of the Montana Act? How many Montanans joined the armed forces? How many Montanans joined the armed forces before the war ended? How many Montanans died in the war? Montana was the training ground for what U.S.-Canadian force? Where were air bases built? The goal of the Genocide Convention is to prevent intentional destruction of what? The part must be a substantial part of what group? What phrase has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law? In which case was it found that Genocide had been committed? The Appeals Chamber goes into details of other cases and the opinions of what? What did the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice agree on? What must the perpetrator have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide? The ECHR noted that there had been few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws, what was the exception? The ECHR noted that there had been few cases of genocide under what laws? What did the ECHR review? What was the CPPCG? Who perpetrated the Holocaust? Who campaigned for universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides? What organization adopted a resolution stating genocide was a crime under international law? What did the resolution not do? What did the first draft of the Convention include? What country objected to the use of political killings? What did other nations fear that including political groups in the definition of the definition would invite? Who is a leading genocide scholar? The USSR feared greater international scrutiny of what? Who took the narrow view that intent to destroy in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group? What type of group is enough to qualify as genocide? What case did the ECHR cite in its 2007 ruling? What type of destruction did the ECHR say was not necessary? How was the word genocide added to the process of indictment? Who defined genocide as a coordinated strategy to destroy a group of people? What did Von Neumann create a concept of mobilizing? What nationality is Peg LeVine? What term did Peg LeVine come up with? What term did Peg LeVine use to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without necessarily destroying its members? What is Peg LeVine's profession? What are some of the basic elements of a group's basic existence? The study of genocide is mainly focused on what aspect of the term? What is the act of genocide formally recognized as? How is genocide viewed in a general way? Who is more likely to commit genocide? What was established to protect ethnic, national, racial and in some instances religious groups? What does it mean for a state or area to commit genocide? What groups was the Peace of Westphalia established to protect? When was the Peace of Westphalia established? When was the word genocide first used? What is the origin of the word genocide? What is the definition of a violent crime? Who described the policies of systematic murder founded by the Nazis as genocide? Who described Russian prisoners of war and civilians as "a crime without a name"? When was the word genocide first used? How did Churchill describe the mass killing of Russian prisoners of war and civilians? Who described the policies of systematic murder founded by the Nazis as genocide? What is the word genocide a combination of? What are the goals of violent crimes? When must the targeted part meet the requirements of paragraph 12? What is a necessary and important starting point of an inquiry? How should the number of targeted individuals be evaluated? What can be a useful consideration for the targeted portion? What issue does paragraph 13 raise? What suggests that the area of the perpetrators’ activity and control, as well as the possible extent of their reach should be considered? What else should be considered in regards to the perpetrators' access to the victims? What limits the intent to destroy formed by a perpetrator of genocide? What can the combination of factors do to the targeted group? When did the Convention become international law? How many countries were parties to the Convention? How many permanent members of the UN Security Council were parties to the treaty? Who ratified the UNSC in 1970? For how many decades did the Convention languish? What did Kurt Jonassohn and Karin Björnson say the CPPCG was a legal instrument resulting from? The wording of the treaty is not intended to be a definition suitable for what? What do some countries lack that others have? Jonassohn and Björnson go on to say that what has not gained widespread support? Who argue that no single generally accepted genocide definition has emerged? What have academics adjusted to emphasise different periods? Along with Kurt Jonassohn, who studied human history? Along with Leo Kuper, who studied the 20th century? Along with Helen Fein and Barbara Harff, who has studied post World War II events? What groups are excluded from the CPPCG definition of genocide? What is the name of the book written by M. Hassan Kakar? Along with social groups, what group is excluded from the definition of genocide? What is a one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group? According to Chalk and Jonassohn, what is the goal of genocide? What is genocide defined as the promotion and execution of? What groups are defined primarily in terms of their communal characteristics? What are genocides and what else? What is an example of a communal characteristic? Along with genocides, what type of outbursts by mobs do Polsby and Kates describe? What is the ordinary meaning of people for their national, ethnic, racial or religious group membership? Along with national, ethnic, racial, or ethnic membership, what is an ordinary meaning of murder? What is the legal definition of genocide? Non-killings do what in the end? What is a non-killings that results in the group being eliminated? Who defined genocide as 'When a source of collective power intentionally uses its power base to implement a process of destruction in order to destroy a group'? What does Adrian Gallagher define genocide as when a source of? What does Adrian Gallagher define genocide as when a source of collective power uses its power base to implement a process of destruction? The 1948 definition broadens the definition of what? The 1948 definition argues that a substantial part of a group has to be what before it can be classified as genocide? What are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish? When are all signatories to the CPPCG required to prevent and punish acts of genocide? What was the proviso of the signatories? What country was one of the signatories? Along with Cyprus and Cyprus, what other signatory states have reservations about immunity from prosecution? What was the CPPCG? What were the criminals found guilty of crimes against? Along with crimes against humanity, what other specific crimes were prosecuted after the war? For taking part in what event were criminals found guilty of crimes against humanity? Who coined the term "genocide"? Who dismissed the appeal by Nikola Jorgic against his conviction for genocide? What has since been rejected by international courts considering similar cases? According to the ECHR, what did Serb forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina commit? What did the Serb forces do in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Who found in the Momcilo Krajisnik case that the actus reu was met? How many people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide? What has been done to try and challenge convictions of two men found guilty of genocide? What was Zdravko Tolimir found guilty of? What were Krstić and Nikolić found guilty of? Who found three people guilty of participating in genocides in Bosnia? How did the trial judge react to the verdict? Where was Karadžić arrested? Which two Bosnian Serbs were arrested in 1995? What was Nassir accused of in his trial? Who was the most senior political figure to stand trial at the ICTY? What is the ICTR? When did the genocide in Rwanda occur? Who created the ICTR? The ICTR was created to judge those responsible for acts of genocide and other what? The ICTR was created to judge those responsible for acts of genocide and other serious violations of the international law performed by who? What has there been much debate over categorizing? Who was the US Secretary of State in 2004? What committee did Powell testify before? What did the UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize? What type of policy has been pursued in Darfur? Who did the Security Council refer the situation in Darfur to? What did the Security Council take into account? Along with China, what permanent member of the Security Council abstained from the vote on the referral resolution? What report did the Prosecutor present to the UN Security Council? What have other authors focused on? Other authors have focused on the structural conditions leading up to genocide and what other processes? Who showed that economic deterioration and political confusion were starting points of increasing discrimination and violence? A history of what happens to the group that becomes the victim? What is an example of an early prevention of genocide? What is a common phenomenon with antibiotics? What does the emergence of resistance often reflect? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment performed? Which antibiotics have become less effective? What does the emergence of resistance often reflect? What can a bacterial strain with physiologically enhanced capacity do? When was the Luria-Delbrück experiment performed? What experiment demonstrated antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes? What does the activity of antibacterials depend on? Clinical settings have been shown to eliminate what? What phase of the bacterial cycle does bactericidal activity depend on? Along with metabolic activity, what else does bactericidal activity require? What does the activity of antibacterials depend on? What are some of the properties of antibacterial drugs? What can be used to predict drug efficacy? What do most target? What are the two main bacterial cell wall targets? What is another term for the cell membrane? What targets protein synthesis? What is one way antibiotics are classified? What are the two main bacterial cell wall targets? What is another term for the cell membrane? How many new classes of antibiotics were discovered in the late 2000s and early 2010s? How are antibiotics classified? What are most modern antibacterials? What type of antibiotics include penicillins? What is one compound that is isolated from living organisms? What process produces sulfonamides and oxazolidinones? What are most modern antibacterials made of? What is the molecular weight of many antibacterial compounds? What are the beta-lactam antibiotics? Penicillins are produced by what? What disease has vaccination helped eliminate? What did easy access and easy access lead to? Who classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious threat? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? Who does antimicrobial resistance have the potential to affect? What did the overuse of antibiotics cause bacteria to do? Who classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious threat? In what century did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has led to widespread problems with antimicrobial and what else? What has helped eliminate tuberculosis in the developed world? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What did the overuse of antibiotics cause bacteria to do? Who classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious threat? Where is antimicrobial resistance happening right now? When did antibiotics revolutionize medicine? What has led to widespread problems with? In what type of farming did bacteria develop resistance? What disease has vaccination helped eliminate? What is it called when a patient has proven or suspected infection? Where does the identification process take several days? What type of antibiotic is the most effective against the likely cause of infection? When will the doctor administer the best choice of antibiotic? How long does it take to identify microorgansim? What type of antibiotic is the most effective against the likely cause of infection? What is empirical therapy? How long does it take for immunotherapy to start? What are some of the adverse effects of allergic reactions? What causes diarrhea? What species of yeast is Candida? What drugs can cause tendon damage? What has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics screened for? Antibiotics are screened for any negative effects on humans or other mammals before being approved for what? Along with the individual patient, what else is a side effect of antibiotics? Fever and nausea are examples of what type of effects? What has been associated with chronic disease? What are antibiotics screened for before being approved for clinical use? What are some of the adverse effects of allergic reactions? What is a common side effect of overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria? What can antibiotics cause in the vagina? What can result from interactions with other drugs? Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with what? Penicillin, vancomycin and chlortetracycline are examples of what? What antibiotics were used to treat mice with? Is it clear or uncertain whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans? The effect of antibiotics on obesity in humans needs to be what? Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with what? What is a critical period for the establishment of the intestinal microbiota and for metabolic development? Is it clear or uncertain whether or not antibiotics cause obesity in humans? Do antibiotics interfere with contraceptive pills? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What might effect the intestinal flora? What have the effects of estrogens on the colon been? Clinicians have recommended that what be applied during therapy using antibacterials? Antibiotics do interfere with what? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? What effect might a reduced intestinal flora have on the colon? What are antibacterials suspected to interact with? Do antibiotics interfere with contraceptive pills? Clinicians have recommended that what be applied during therapy using antibacterials? What is the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics? Along with side effects, side effects of interactions between alcohol and antibiotics can cause what? Are there specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side effects? Are there specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side effects? How widespread is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed? What can side effects of interactions between alcohol and antibiotics cause? What is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics? What two substances should never be mixed? Interactions between certain antibiotics and what other substance can cause side effects? What types of antibiotics can alcohol consumption cause? What belief is widespread? What may be part of the genetic makeup of bacterial strains? What can be exchanged between different bacterial strains or species via plasmids? What may be absent from the bacterial genome? What is one way to spread antibacterial resistance? What results in acquired resistance? What causes the spread of antibacterial resistance? Why can bacteria have resistance to multiple antibacterials? What are antibiotic-resistant strains sometimes referred to as? What disease can be caused by emergent bacterial strains? About how many new cases of tuberculosis are diagnosed worldwide each year? What is multidrug-resistant tuberculosis? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What is an example of misuse of antibiotics? What has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria? What are common forms of antibiotic misuse? What is a common form of antibiotic misuse? What are other forms of misuse? What is the common cold prescription for? What were physicians more likely to do to patients with respiratory tract infections? What organization addressed the issues of misuse and overuse of antibiotics? Who coordinates the antimicrobial resistance task force? When did the "Antibiotics are not automatic" government campaign start in France? In what year did the EU ban the use of antibiotics as growth-promotional agents? What was the name of the report that restricted the use of antibiotics in the UK? What organizations have called for restrictions on antibiotic use in food animal production? What are the names of two federal bills aimed at phasing out nontherapeutic use of antibiotics in US food animals? What organizations endorsed these bills? In what industry has there been extensive use of antibiotics? When did the US Food and Drug Administration raise the question of emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains? When did the US District Court for the Southern District of New York order the FDA to revoke approvals for antibiotics in livestock? What were treatments for infections based on before the 20th century? When wereixtures of antimicrobial properties described? What did ancient cultures use to treat infections? What does antibiosis mean? Who introduced the term "antibiosis"? What type of infection has been noticed many times over the course of history? Who noticed the same effect in a Petri dish? What is an example of the effects of mold on infection? Penicillin's antibacterial properties could be used for what medical procedure? What was the name of the first sulfonamide and first commercially available antibacterial? What company did Domagk work for? Who led the research team that developed Prontosil? What award did Domagk receive? What was the name of the first naturally derived antibiotic? In what year was tyrothricin discovered? When did the discovery of tyrothricin occur? Who discovered the first naturally derived antibiotic? What did the first commercially manufactured antibiotics treat? In what year was penicillin G purged? When did penicillin become widely available outside of the Allied military? Who developed the back extraction technique? When did penicillin become widely available outside of the Allied military? Who determined the chemical structure of penicillin? What do vaccines rely on? What has caused a drastic reduction in global bacterial diseases? What has been replaced by less reactogenic, cell-free vaccines? What is another option that is being looked into for treating resistant strains of bacteria? What are researchers doing with their own viruses? What is one of the concerns about using phages to fight pathogens? How many April 013 reports did the IDSA receive? How many antibiotics did the report identify? What year did the IDSA report that the weak antibiotic pipeline did not match bacteria's ability to develop resistance? Who clarifies clinical trial regulations? What could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in this endeavor? ADAPT aims to combat the growing threat of what? Who is the senior director for health programs at The Pew Charitable Trusts? What nationality was the composer? What era did Chopin perform? For what instrument did Chopin primarily write? What was Chopin's father's name? At what age did Popper leave Poland? What year was Frédéric François Chopin born? What era did Chopin perform? Chopin was born in what Duchy? For what instrument did Chopin primarily write? At what age did Popper leave Poland? When did he die? What was Frédéric François Chopin's birth name? For what instrument did Chopin primarily write? What era did Chopin perform? What year was Frédéric François Chopin born? Chopin was born in what Duchy? At what age did Popper leave Poland? What era was Frédéric François Chopin in? When did Frédéric François Chopin die? At what age did he settle in Paris? How many public performances did Von Neumann give in his last 18 years? In what year did Von Neumann acquire French citizenship? Where did Sand visit in 1838-39? What disease probably caused Von Neumann's death? Where did Von Neumann settle at 21? How many public performances did Von Neumann give in his last 18 years? Who did Chopin form a friendship with? In what year did Von Neumann acquire French citizenship? Who did Popper have a failed engagement to? At what age did he settle in Paris? How many public performances did Von Neumann give in his last 18 years? In what year did Von Neumann acquire French citizenship? Who supported Von Neumann financially in his last years? In what year did Von Neumann acquire French citizenship? Who supported Von Neumann financially in his last years? What disease probably caused Von Neumann's death? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? What concept did Chopin come up with? Whose music did Von Neumann greatly admire? What were his own performances noted for? Where did Von Neumann frequent guest? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? What concept did Chopin come up with? What were his own performances noted for? Whose music did Von Neumann greatly admire? To what language did Popper write some songs? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? To what language did Popper write some songs? What were his own performances noted for? Whose music did Von Neumann greatly admire? All of Chopin's compositions include what instrument? To what language did Popper write some songs? Where did Von Neumann frequent guest? Was Chopin's association with political insurrection indirect or direct? What two things made Chopin a leading symbol of the Romantic era? What era was Chopin a leading symbol of? What types of books have Hayek been the subject of? Where was Chopin born? Where was Chopin born? What was Chopin's association with? What era was Chopin a leading symbol of? Where was Chopin born? What was Chopin's association with? What era was Chopin a leading symbol of? Where was Feyderyk Chopin born? What is Franciszek's birthday? What was the birthdate of the composer? What was Franciszek's given name in Latin? How many miles west of Warsaw was Feyderyk Chopin? Where was Feyderyk Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? What is Franciszek's birthday? What was the birthdate of the composer? What was Franciszek's given name in Latin? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? What is Franciszek's birthday? What was the birthdate of the composer? What was Franciszek's given name in Latin? Where was Feyderyk Chopin born? Who established the Duchy of Warsaw? Who did Nicholas marry in 1806? When was Feyderyk baptized? Nicolas tutored children of what aristocracy? What was the name of Feyderyk's father? What was Feyderyk's father's nationality? Who did Nicholas marry in 1806? Who was Avicenna's godfather? Who was Feyderyk's elder sister? What was the name of Feyderyk's father? What was Feyderyk's father's nationality? Who was Feyderyk's elder sister? In what month and year did the family move to Warsaw? What language did his father teach at the Warsaw Lyceum? Where did Feyderyk live? What instruments did the father play? What was Chopin prone to in early childhood? When did the family move to Warsaw? Where did Fryderyk's father teach? What instruments did the father play? What instrument did the mother play? How long after the birth of Fryderyk did his family move to Warsaw? What language did his father teach at the Warsaw Lyceum? What instruments did the father play? What instrument did the mother play? Where was Fryderyk's father's house? Who was Feyderyk's first professional music tutor? What is the name of Żywny's elder sister? At what age did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? How many polonaises did Fryderyk composed in 1817? What is Żywny's next work? Who was Feyderyk's first professional music tutor? What is the name of Żywny's elder sister? At what age did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? In what year did Fryderyk composed two polonaises? When was Feyderyk's first professional music tutor? Who was Feyderyk's first professional music tutor? What is the name of Żywny's elder sister? At what age did Fryderyk compose two polonaises? Who was Feyderyk's first professional music tutor? In what year was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? What is the Kazimierz Palace now known as? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Where was Fryderyk sometimes invited? What was the name of Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz's dramatic eclogue? In what year was the Saxon Palace requisitioned for military use? Where was the Warsaw Lyceum reestablished? Who was the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? Where was Fryderyk sometimes invited? Who was the ruler of Russian Poland? What did Fryderyk compose for the Duke? Who wrote "Nasze Przebiegi"? When did Chopin attend the Warsaw Lyceum? Who did Popper study with in 1826? What was the name of the mechanical organ that Von Neumann was engaged in? The success of the concert led to an invitation to give a recital on the instrument before which Tsar? When was the eolomelodicon concert? Who did Chopin take organ lessons from? Who did Popper study with in 1826? What was the name of the mechanical organ that Von Neumann was engaged in? What did Tsar Alexander I present him with? What did Chopin perform at the eolomelodicon concert? Who did Chopin take organ lessons from? Who did Popper study with in 1826? What was the name of the mechanical organ that Von Neumann was engaged in? What did Tsar Alexander I present Chopin with? What was the first of Chopin's works to be commercially published? Who was the father of a schoolmate? Where was Dominik Dziewanowski a guest? Who was impressed by the letters written by Popper? What newspapers did Popper's family spoof? Who was the father of a schoolmate? What type of music did Popper first encounter? Who was the father of a schoolmate? What title did Popper give his letters home from Szafarnia? Where was Dominik Dziewanowski a guest? In what year did the Chopin family move to Warsaw? Where was the Krasiński Palace located? In what year did Chopin leave Warsaw? What did Chopin Family Parlour become in the 20th century? Who painted a set of portraits of Chopin family members? In what year did the Chopin family move to Warsaw? In what year did Chopin leave Warsaw? What did Chopin's parents run? Who painted a set of portraits of Chopin family members? Who died in 1827? In what year did Chopin leave Warsaw? What is the name of the Chopin family museum? Who painted a set of portraits of Chopin family members? Who did Chopin's parents run their boarding house for? Who were two of Chopin's intimates? Who was Konstantyna Gładkowska's singing student? Who were the four boarders at Chopin's parents' apartments? Who was Konstantyna Gładkowska's singing student? Which movement was secretly dedicated to her? When was Chopin's final Conservatory report issued? Who were two of Chopin's intimates? Who was Konstantyna Gładkowska's singing student? Along with Jan Nepomucen Białobłocki and Julian Fontana, who was one of Chopin's intimates? Which movement was secretly dedicated to her? How many boarders did Chopin have at his parents' apartments? Who was Chopin's family friend in 1828? Who directed operas in Berlin? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1829? What did the prince composed for Wanda and his daughter? When did Chopin visit Berlin? Who was Chopin's family friend in 1828? Who directed operas in Berlin? Who was the governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1829? What did the prince composed for Wanda and his daughter? In what year did Chopin visit Berlin? Who was Chopin's family friend in 1828? What was Jarocki's profession? Who directed operas in Berlin? In what year did Popper visit Berlin? What was the name of the set of variations Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play? In what month did Popper make his debut in Vienna? How many piano concerts did Chopin give? When was 21 on? What was the name of the set of variations Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play? In what city did Popper make his debut? What did Von Neumann premiere on 17 March 1830? When did Popper return to Warsaw? Who did Chopin think he was too delicate for? Who played the violin in Souvenir de Paganini? In what city did Popper make his debut? How many piano concerts did Chopin give? How many weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory did Popper make his debut in Vienna? When did Chopin set out into the wide world? What country did Woyciechowski head for? In what year did Chopin set out into the wide world? Who said "into the wide world, with no very clearly defined aim, forever"? Who said "into the wide world, with no very clearly defined aim, forever"? With whom did Popper travel to Austria? What country did Woyciechowski plan on going to after Austria? What broke out in Warsaw? Chopin's success as a composer and performer opened the door to what continent? With whom did Popper travel to Austria? In what year did Chopin set out into the wide world? What did Chopin write to a friend? In what year was the uprising crushed? Chopin became one of many expatriates of what? What version of his given names did Von Neumann use in France? In what year did Von Neumann receive French citizenship? How did Chopin remain close to his fellow Poles in exile? Chopin became one of many expatriates of what nationality? When did Chopin arrive in Paris? Chopin became one of many expatriates of what? In what year did Von Neumann receive French citizenship? Who is Chopin's biographer? What country did Chopin never return to? In what country did Popper use the French versions of his given names? What version of his given names did Von Neumann use in France? Who is Chopin's biographer? Chopin became one of many expatriates of what? Where did Chopin encounter artists and other distinguished figures? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? What did Adam Mickiewicz use some of his poems as? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? Who did Von Neumann become acquainted with during his years in Paris? Who was the principal of the Polish Literary Society? What was Adam Mickiewicz's job title? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Albert Grzymała began to fill what role in Chopin's life? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? What nationality were two of Chopin's friends? Where did Julian Fontana originally try to establish himself? Where did Julian Fontana originally try to establish himself? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Who acted as Chopin's adviser? Who was Chopin's fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory? Where was Julian Fontana a student? Who gave Chopin his first major endorsement? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? What technique was not optimal for large concerts? Who did Von Neumann no longer depend on financially? Who gave Chopin his first major endorsement? When did Chopin give his debut Paris concert? What banking family was Von Neumann introduced to? In what year did Chopin receive his first major endorsement? What technique was not optimal for large concerts? What did Von Neumann earn a handsome income from? Where did Von Neumann prefer to play? On what instruments did Bach perform a concerto for three keyboards? At what venue did Von Neumann usually give concerts? Chopin was involved in the composition of Liszt's what? Who arranged for Chopin's music to be published in France? Who was Charles-Valentin Alkan's pupil? Where did Von Neumann play? Who performed a concerto by J.S. Bach for three keyboards? Who arranged for Chopin's music to be published in France? Who did Chopin meet at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? What did Mendelssohn do at his piano? Who was the director of the Academy of Art? Where did Chopin spend time with his parents in 1835? What festival did Chopin attend in 1834? Who did Chopin meet at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where did Chopin spend time with his parents in 1835? When did Chopin travel to Marienbad and Dresden? Who approved the proposal? Who did Chopin meet at the Lower Rhenish Music Festival? Where did Mendelssohn and his wife go after the festival? Who was Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow? What was the name of the daughter of the Polish Prime Minister? Who did Chopin write to in 1831? Who were some of the names that made you curious about them? Who did Chopin first meet after arriving in Paris? When was Chopin's Parisian debut? Who did Chopin write to in 1831? Where did Liszt see Chopin's Parisian debut? Where did Chopin live in Paris? How far away was the Hôtel de France from Chopin and Liszt? How many times did the two men perform together between 1833 and 1841? Who was the wife of Hector Berlioz? Where was the Beethoven Memorial held? When was the first benefit concert? What was the name of the charity concert conducted for? Where was the Beethoven Memorial held? Where did Liszt and Chopin live? How many times did the two men perform together between 1833 and 1841? Who was the wife of Hector Berlioz? What kind of relationship did the two have? What qualities of Liszt did some people believe Chopin was enchanted with? What did Chopin force upon Liszt? What did Chopin refer to him as in letters dated as late as 1848? What piece did Liszt dedicate to Chopin? Who was Liszt jealous of? Who does Schonberg believe Chopin displayed a "tinge of jealousy and spite" towards? Who does Schonberg believe Chopin displayed a "tinge of jealousy and spite" towards? Who was Liszt jealous of? Who did the composer write to about his performance of 10 Études? Who did Chopin become concerned about Liszt's relationship with? Who hosted the 1836 party that Chopin attended? What did Chopin write in Polish on the package? Who did Sand write to in June 1838? Who did Chopin meet at a party hosted by Marie d'Agoult? What is thought to have influenced Elizabeth? What did Chopin write in Polish on the package? Who hosted the 1836 party that Chopin attended? When did Maria Wodzińska's mother make it clear to Chopin that a marriage with her daughter was unlikely? What did Chopin write in Polish on the package? Who did Sand write to in June 1838? Where did Chopin visit in 1837? What happened to Sand when he returned to Paris? How many years older was Sand? What kind of winter did Sand and Maurice spend in Majorca? Where did the group find lodgings? Who was the piano manufacturer in London in 1837? What was James Broadwood's profession? How old was Sand when Sand saw the creature? Who was Sand's former lover? Where did the group take lodgings? When did Sand and Avicenna become lovers? Where did Sand and Maurice spend a miserable winter? Along with Maurice, who accompanied Sand on his miserable winter journey? Who was Sand's former lover? Where did the group take lodgings? How many doctors did Chopin say had visited him? What instrument did Von Neumann have problems with? Did the piano arrive in the best possible condition? How many doctors visited Chopin in December? In what month did Chopin complain about his health? What did Chopin complain about? What did Von Neumann have problems with? In what month did Chopin complain about his health? What type of piano did Von Neumann have problems with? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? What French couple bought Sand's piano? Where did the group stay for a few months while Chopin convalesced? Where was Sand's estate in 1839? Where did Sand and Sand move in 1842? Who bought Sand's piano? Where did the group stay for a few months while Chopin convalesced? Where was Sand's estate in 1839? Where was Chopin's apartment? Where did Sand and Sand move in 1842? What had a detrimental effect on Chopin's health? Who did Sand sell the piano to? Where did the group stay for a few months while Chopin convalesced? Where did Sand and Sand move in 1842? Where was Sand's estate in 1839? What was the dress rehearsal for? What anniversary was the Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale composed to commemorate? Who died in Paris in 1839? Where did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? What did Chopin play at the funeral of Nourrit? Who died in Paris in 1839? What did Chopin play at the funeral of Adolphe Nourrit? What was the dress rehearsal for? What anniversary was the Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale supposed to commemorate? What was the title of Chopin's work during the summers at Nohant? Who advised on piano technique and composition? When did Delacroix give an account of staying at Nohant? What did Viardot advise on? Who were the visitors to Nohant? What did Viardot advise on? Along with Pauline Viardot, who was a notable Nohant visitor? When did Chopin start showing signs of serious illness? Who did Popper write to on February 21, 1842? What did Alkan decline a written invitation to participate in? What instrument did Chopin play for Charles Hallé? Modern research suggests that Hayek may have suffered from what? When did Chopin start showing signs of serious illness? What did Alkan decline a written invitation to participate in? Modern research suggests that Hayek may have suffered from what? When did Chopin start showing signs of serious illness? What parts of my body are aching so much? Who declined a written invitation to participate in a repeat performance of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony? Who visited Chopin in 1844? What does modern research suggest may have contributed to Hayek's illness? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was Chopin indifferent to? What did Sand call Chopin's children? What was the name of Sand's novel? When was Lucrezia Floriani published? When did Chopin's relations with Sand soured? Who was Solange's fiancé? What was the name of Sand's novel? Who was Solange's fiancé? Sand became less of a lover and more of what to Chopin? What was the name of Sand's novel? When was Lucrezia Floriani published? What did Popper write in 1844? Were Zamoyski's compositions more refined or less refined than his earlier compositions? How many works had Von Neumann written in 1841? How many shorter pieces were written in 1843? What did Popper write in 1844? How many shorter pieces were written in 1843? How many shorter pieces did Von Neumann write in 1843? How many mazurkas were completed in 1845? When was Franchomme's last Paris concert? Who was the cellist who gave his last Paris concert? When was Franchomme's last Paris concert? Who was the cellist who gave his last Paris concert? What did the political strife and instability of the time cause Chopin to do? Who was the cellist who gave his last Paris concert? What Sonata Op did Von Neumann give his last Paris concert? What TV channel covered Chopin's life? Who made a documentary about Chopin in 2010? What was the name of the BBC TV documentary about Chopin? What TV channel covered Chopin's life? What BBC TV documentary covered Chopin's life? Who made a documentary about Chopin in 2010? Who made a documentary about Chopin in 2010? What film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination? Who starred in A Song to Remember? When was La valse de l'adieu released? Who starred in Impromptu? Who is Chopin's relationship with? What film earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination? Who starred in A Song to Remember? Who played Chopin in La valse de l'adieu? Who starred in Impromptu? When was Chopin produced? Where was Chopin produced? Who wrote Chopin? Who was the author of the fictional treatments? What type of work was the first fictional treatment of Chopin's life? Who wrote Chopin? When was Chopin written? Where was Chopin produced? Who wrote the earliest known sonnet? Who are two French writers on Chopin? What was Leon Ulrich's earliest known work? What was the earliest known manifestation of the composer's work? When was Leon Ulrich's sonnet created? In what language are there numerous biographies of Chopin? How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin held? What does the Warsaw Chopin Society organizes? Which newspaper recommended performances by contemporary pianists? Who organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin? How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin held? Which newspaper recommended performances by contemporary pianists? When was Paul Pabst's first recording? What was Paul Pabst's 1895 performance of? Who recorded the earliest recording of the Nocturne? Who notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era?" When was Paul Pabst's first recording? Who has a discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing various pedagogic traditions? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? How often is the International Chopin Piano Competition held? As of January 2014, how many Chopin works were on youtube? What is the world's oldest monographic music competition? When was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded? What institute lists over eighty societies worldwide devoted to Chopin? As of January 2014, how many Chopin works were on youtube? What ballet used Chopin's music? Who choreographed the ballet Chopiniana? What title did Diaghilev use for later productions? Who orchestrated the ballet Chopiniana? In what year was Chopin's music used in the ballet Chopiniana? What ballet used Chopin's music? Who choreographed the ballet Chopiniana? Who choreographed the ballet Chopiniana? What title did Diaghilev use for later productions? After Paris, where did Von Neumann leave for? Who suggested the tour to Hawking? After Paris, where did Von Neumann leave for? Who suggested the tour? Who suggested the tour to Hawking? What event took place in Paris in 1848? What nationality was Jane Stirling? Where did Chopin take lodgings in London? What firm provided Chopin with a grand piano? Where was Prince Albert's first engagement held? Who were in attendance at Prince Albert's first engagement? On what date did Von Neumann share a platform with Viardot? Where did Chopin take lodgings in London? What did Broadwood provide Chopin with? Who were in the audience at Chopin's first engagement? What type of lessons was Chopin sought after for? Who sang arrangements of some of his mazurkas to Spanish texts? Where did Jane Stirling visit in late summer? With whom did Popper write his last will and testament? Where did Jane Stirling visit in late summer? In what city did Irving give a concert on 27 September? What did Popper write down in his last will and testament? When did Chopin make his last public appearance? Where was Chopin's last public appearance? Who did Chopin play for? What stage of the stage is considered to be a terminal stage? Where did Chopin make his last public appearance? Who did Popper occasionally sing for his friends? Where did Princess Obreskoff live in 1849? Who was the admirer of Victorias apartment? When did Chopin return to Paris? Who did Popper occasionally sing for his friends? Where did Princess Obreskoff live in 1849? Who was the admirer of Von Neumann? When was Jenny Lind visited? When did Ludwika come to Paris? Where did Ludwika move to Paris? Who was Ludwika? With whom did Ludwika come to Paris? From whom did Ludwika get a loan to move to Paris? What did most of Viardot's closest friends consider it de rigueur to do in his room? Why did Chopin ask that his body be opened after death? How did he respond to the question? Who made Chopin's death mask? Why did Chopin ask that his body be opened after death? What part of Chopin's body did Clésinger make? What disease did Cruveilhier die of? Who was the leading French authority on tuberculosis? Permission for what procedure has been denied by the Polish government? What disease did Cruveilhier die of? Who was the leading French authority on tuberculosis? What is a possible cause of cirrhosis? Who denied permission for DNA testing? Where was the funeral held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people were excluded from the event? Where was the funeral held? How long was the funeral delayed? How many people were excluded from the event? What was sung at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? What was played at Reber's graveside? What was sung at the funeral? Who was the organist at the funeral? Where did the funeral procession take place? Who led the funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery? What was played at Reber's graveside? Who designed Chopin's tombstone? Who is on Chopin's tombstone? How much did the funeral and monument cost? Who covered the funeral and monument expenses? In what liquid was Chopin's heart preserved? Who designed and sculpted Chopin's tombstone? How much did the funeral and monument cost? Who covered the funeral and monument expenses? Who was Ludwika's mother? Who took two hundred letters from Chopin? How many Chopin compositions survive? All of Von Neumann's known works involve what instrument? How many Chopin compositions survive? Other than solo piano music, what other type of music does Von Neumann produce? Who taught Chopin the piano method? Who taught Chopin the piano method? Which two composers did Hayek cite as the most important in shaping his musical outlook? Along with Beethoven, Mozart and Clementi, what composer was Chopin educated in? Who invented the nocturne? What pieces did Popper write as individual concert pieces? What new salon genre did Chopin take to a deeper level? What pieces did Popper write as individual concert pieces? What concept did Popper exploit the poetic potential of? Who developed the concert étude? How many polonaises were published in his lifetime? How many polonaises were published posthumously? What did Chopin put on the European musical map? What type of tempos do waltzes tend to have? What did Chopin add to popular dance forms? What were mazurkas written for? What did Chopin put on the European musical map? How many polonaises were published posthumously? What were written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom? What is one of Chopin's well-known pieces that has acquired descriptive titles? Which of Hayek's works never named an instrumental work beyond genre and number? The Funeral March is the third movement of what Sonata? How many cases did Von Neumann give a title to his Sonata No. 2? What is one of Chopin's well-known pieces that has acquired descriptive titles? What is the name of the Waltz? What was the last opus number that Chopin used? Who was the composer's musical executor? How many unpublished piano pieces did Julian Fontana select? How many Polish songs were collected and published in 1857? What was the last opus number that Chopin used? Who was the composer's musical executor? When were 17 Polish songs collected and published as Op? Who is the Kobylańska Catalogue named for? Works published since what year have received alternative catalogue designations instead of opus numbers? Works published since 1857 have received what instead of opus numbers? What is the present standard musicological reference for Chopin's works? The Kobylańska Catalogue is usually represented by the initials what? Who is the Kobylańska Catalogue named for? Who collected the first collected edition? Who edited the Polish National Edition? Who were Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel? Where did his works begin to appear? What is the name of the version of Chopin's works published between 1937 and 1966? Who edited the Polish National Edition? What is at the center of Chopin's creative processes? What phrase does Chopin use as a structural unit? What is at the center of Chopin's creative processes? Who wrote that improvisation is designed for an audience? What does Rosen think is important about Chopin's individuality? What piece stands apart as an example of Chopin's rich harmonic palette? What are the two works that Chopin intended for concert use? Temperley's works are based on an extended form of what? Mazurkas often show more of what kind of features than many of his other works? How are Chopin's mazurkas and waltzes presented? What are Chopin's waltzes called? What type of bass is used in mazurkas? What is a great rarity in music? What time period are Chopin's works in? Along with Zywny, who was a notable Polish polonaiser? What kind of rhythm do Chopin's works typically display? What kind of playing technique do precursors require? How many nocturnes are more structured? What are the middle sections of Chopin nocturnes marked by? Who did Chopin meet in 1833? When did Chopin and Field meet? What are more structured and of greater emotional depth than those of Field? What are largely in straightforward ternary form? What kind of form are Chopin's études? What are largely in straightforward ternary form? Which of Chopin's preludes was inspired by? Who suggests that the preludes were not intended to be played as a group? What were described by Schumann as "the beginnings of studies"? What was Chopin's preludes inspired by? What may have been the preludes used by later pianists as? Who recorded a recording of the Prelude Op? How many movements are the two mature piano sonatas in? Who said the 58 sonata is "worthy of Brahms"? How many movements are the two mature piano sonatas in? What is the name of the movement in which the hands play in unmodified octave unison? Which of the two mature piano sonatas was written in 1844? Chord progressions sometimes anticipate the shifting tonality of later composers such as who? What may have come from Chopin's keyboard improvisation technique? Who says that novel harmonic effects frequently result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures of accompaniment? What technique did Von Neumann use extensively? Who wrote of a recital given by Chopin in 1841? In what document did Popper write that "everything is a matter of knowing good fingering"? Who was J. Barrie Jones' successor? Edvard Grieg, Antonin Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of what? Who was Scriabin's teacher? Who was J. Barrie Jones' successor? Who was devoted to the music of Chopin? Who was Scriabin's teacher? Who wrote that modern concert performance style is suitable for large auditoria or recordings? What did Chopin avoid? What was one of the rigid procedures Chopin avoided? What did the composer tell a pupil that concerts are never real music? Who wrote in 1853 that Chopin has created a kind of chromatic embroidery? Who wrote that "What in the hands of others was elegant embellishment became a colourful wreath of flowers?" What term describes the practice of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect? What is rubato? What term describes the practice of disregarding strict time, 'robbing' some note-values for expressive effect? Where are rubato indications found in Chopin's works? Who was a pupil of Chopin? Who was a pupil of Chopin? What did Popper demand strict adherence to? What is Chopin credited with introducing to music? When was Schumann's review of the piano concertos published? What country did Schumann feel strongly about? Why were the Poles in mourning? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? Along with mazurkas and polonaises, what piece of music did Chopin introduce? Who wrote a review of the piano concertos in 1836? Where are Chopin's cannon buried? Who wrote the biography of Chopin? Who suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music? Who were Poland's nationalist composers? Who criticizes Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works? How did Chopin feel about his music? What struggle did some find solace in? Where did Atwood think there was a feeling of cohesiveness among Poles? What type of flamboyance did Arthur Hutchings think made Hayek exceptional? Who were Hutchings' romantic contemporaries? Where did Chopin arrive in 1831? Who suggested that Hayek's lack of flamboyance and aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional? In what suite did Schumann name a piece for him? What piece did Chopin dedicate to Schumann? How many Chopin's Polish songs did Liszt transcribe for piano? Who was deeply affected by Chopin's death? What qualities of Chopin were recognized by many of his fellow musicians? In what suite did Schumann name a piece for him? What piece did Chopin dedicate to Schumann? Elements of Chopin's music can be traced to many of what other composer's works? Who dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin? Who did Debussy edit Chopin's piano music for? Who was one of Karol Mikuli's students? Who were Karol Mikuli and Georges Mathias? Who assert that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet? What trade is important to Tibet? When did Deshin Shekpa live? Who was the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school? What school did Karmapa belong to? What country did Tibetan leaders engage in foreign diplomacy with? What did the Tibetans use against Ming forays? Who were successful protectors of the Gelug Dalai Lama? What regime was established by the 5th Dalai Lama? When was the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initiated? When did the Tibetan Empire collapse? Who signed various peace treaties with the Tang? What was fixed in the treaty signed in 821? What was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang China? When was a treaty signed between Tibet and China? When was the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China? When was the Song dynasty? From what dynasty do few records of Sino-Tibetan contacts survive? What dynasty ruled the Liao dynasty? What dynasty ruled the Jin dynasty? Who was the Mongol ruler in 1207? Who was the successor of Genghis Khan? When did the invasion of Tibet begin? Who was the successor of Genghis Khan? Who raided as far as Lhasa? Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism? Who was the regency of when Tibet was incorporated into the Mongol Empire? When was Töregene Khatun in power? How many states did the ruling priest-king of Tibet have? What did Kublai later rule as? Who was Kublai's superior? Who was the 2nd Karmapa Lama? Who did Kublai have a unique relationship with? When did Kublai Khan conquer the Song dynasty? When was the Yuan dynasty? Tibet was combined with the whole of China under what dynasty? What did Khubilai claim for a time? Where did Kublai Khan conquer the Song dynasty? When was the Sakya regime overthrown? Who overthrew the Sakya viceregal regime? Who overthrew the Sakya viceregal regime? What dynasty did Changchub Gyaltsen lead? Who established the Ming dynasty? What was the name of the Han Chinese revolt? Who established the Ming dynasty? When did the reign of King George VI take place? Who did the Hongwu Emperor ask to renew their titles for the new Ming court? Who rejected the Hongwu Emperor's invitation? Who rejected the Hongwu Emperor's invitation? What was the Hongwu Emperor well aware of? Who did Rolpe Dorje send as envoys to the court in Nanjing? Who enacted a law that forbade Han Chinese to learn the tenets of Tibetan Buddhism? When was the first Ming ruler actively seeking an extension of relations with Tibet? Who was the first Ming ruler to seek an extension of relations with Tibet? When was the Qing dynasty in power? When was the History of Ming compiled? What did the Ming dynasty establish in western Tibet? How many Qianhu offices were there? Where was the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" located? How many Princes of Dharma were appointed by the Ming court? Who was the ruler of Phagmodru? Who was the ruler of Phagmodru? Who is a former professor of the University of Washington? What country is the History of Ming a reliable source of information on? Who wrote that Tibet had no diplomatic relations with China? Who supports van Praag's position? Who states that van Praag and Shakabpa are "fallacies"? Who argue that the Ming emperor sent edicts to Tibet twice? When did Punala go to Nanjing? What do lamas call themselves? What did the Ming dynasty issue to invite ex-Yuan officials to the court? Who wrote The Story of Tibet: Conversations with the Dalai Lama? Who did Laird compare the Mongols to? What do Wang and Nyima present in their Historical Status of China's Tibet? What does the Yuan dynasty refer to as? What does the Encyclopedia Americana describe the Yuan dynasty as? What did Laird dismiss the Yuan dynasty as? Who wrote Kublai Khan: His Life and Times? When did the Yuan dynasty rule? When did Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan reign? What existed between China and Tibet during the Yuan? Who were accorded higher status than the Han Chinese majority? Who implemented a policy of managing Tibet according to conventions and customs? What position did Choskunskyabs receive in 1373? Who governed most of Tibet? Where is the China Tibetology Research Center located? Who is the Professor of History and Director of the History Studies Institute? How many households was Qianhu in charge of? How many households did Wanhu oversee? Who is a Tibetologist? Who did the Ming emperors send invitations to? Who did the lamas send instead of the emperors? What were the three oasis city-states of the Western Regions composed of? Who administered theependent States? What was Gyaltsen's official title? What is Gyaltsen's Tibetan title? Along with the Yuan imperial court, what dynasty maintained a Central-local government relation? Who state that after the official title "Education Minister" was granted to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen, this title appeared frequently with his name in various Tibetan texts? Who wrote in his will that he received loving care from the emperor in the east? Who is the professor of history at Washington University? Who asserts that Changchub Gyaltsen's ambitions were to "restore to Tibet the glories of its Imperial Age"? Where is Chan a professor of history? What did Gyaltsen want to remove? Who did the Hongwu Emperor grant the title "Initiation State Master"? Who informed the Hongwu Emperor that the situation in Dbus and Gtsang was under control? Who was the second Phagmodru ruler? Who informed the Hongwu Emperor that the situation in Dbus and Gtsang was under control? Where did the envoys send to hand over the jade seal of authority? Who lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434? When did Phagmodrupa lose its centralizing power over Tibet? When did the 5th Dalai Lama take over Tibet? What did other families try to establish after Phagmodrupa lost its centralizing power? What school did the Ming dynasty grant titles to? What language had Karmapa Kargyu previously declined? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? Who invited Je Tsongkhapa to the Ming court? Who was the founder of the Gelug school? When was the first request by the Ming made? When did the Ming send another embassy? Who did Tsongkhapa send to Nanjing? When did Tsongkhapa send his disciple to Nanjing? Who argues that modern Chinese Communist historians tend to be in favor of the view that the Ming reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet? Who did Laird say the Ming appointed titles to? What did the Ming send to replace the Mongols after they left Tibet? Where did the Ming appoint titles to? Who did Yongle send into Tibet? Where did Yang Sanbao travel in 1413? When did Yongle send his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet? Why did Yongle send his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor pay tributes? Who did the Gelug send missions to? Up until what decade was the Gelug not mentioned in the Mingshi? What two groups mention the Gelug? Who did the Ming court grant titles to? Who overthrew the Sakya regime? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When was Rinpungpa alive? Who wrote that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet? When was Tsangpa alive? When was the Yongle Emperor alive? Who aided the Yongle Emperor? Who was the Yongle Emperor's father? When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court? Who did the Yongle Emperor send to Tibet? Why did the Yongle Emperor send his eunuch Hou Xian to Tibet? When did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang return to Nanjing? How did Hou Xian and Zhi Guang travel to Lhasa? When did Deshin Shekpa begin his travels? What city did Deshin Shekpa visit in 1407? Who did the Yongle Emperor greet? Who did Rossabi say would sit on a lower platform than a Tibetan cleric? Who showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa? Where did Yongle Emperor's parents die? Where is Linggu Temple located? What title was Deshin Shekpa given during his stay in Nanjing? Who did Deshin Shekpa persuade the Yongle Emperor to grant the title to? Who did Deshin Shekpa persuade Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet? What was Deshin Skekpa invited for? What did Yongle Emperor plan before he returned to Tibet? Why did Yongle Emperor plan to send a military force into Tibet? Who convinced Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet? Who did the Yongle Emperor have a conflict with? Who's miracles "testified to the power of both the emperor and his guru"? What helped legitimize succession to the throne according to Marsha Weidner? Who has failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship? What type of artifacts are considered to symbolize the religious nature of the relationship? Who wrote that the Ming dynasty did not exercise any direct political control over Tibet? When was the Karmapa alive? What office preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor? Who was the Zhengtong Emperor addressed to? Who was the Karmapa? When was the edict written? Who did the Ming court cut off relations with? When did the Ming court cut off relations with the Karmapa hierarchs? In what year did Deshin Shekpa die? Who did the Ming court cut off relations with in 1446? Why did Yongle order the construction of a road and trading posts? What did the Yongle Emperor order the construction of a road and trading posts? What did the trade route pass through? Why did the Ming court establish diplomatic delegations with Tibet? What type of workshops were used to cater to the Tibetan market? What type of iconography did silk furnishings feature? Who established diplomatic delegations with Tibet? Why were horses collected from Tibet? Who did the Ming dynasty trade horses with? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols? Who did Altan Khan overthrow? Which dynasty traded horses with Tibet? Who was the leader of the Tümed Mongols? When did the Hongwu Emperor use military force? When was the Taozhou garrison established? How many Tibetan prisoners did Mu Ying allegedly capture in 1379? How many domesticated animals did Mu Ying allegedly capture? Who was ordered to repel a Tibetan assault into Sichuan? What did discussions of strategy in the mid Ming dynasty focus on? Who used the Ordos region as a rallying base? Where did the Mongols stage raids? What was the Ming court's patronage of Tibetan lamas designed for? What policy did the Ming uphold? When did the Ming uphold their "divide-and-rule"? Who did the Yongle Emperor fail to build a strong relationship with? Who did Yongle Emperor give patronage to? Who were the Rinpungpa leaders relatives of? When did the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa? What is the most important event in the Gelug? When did the Phagmodru ruler capture Lhasa? When did Mikyö Dorje live? What did the Zhengde Emperor enjoy at court despite protests? Who was the 8th Karmapa Lama? Who were of the view that Tibet was annexed by China? Who had no control over Tibet? When did Tibet become part of China? When did the Manchu Qing dynasty invade Tibet? When did developments in Tibet come to be considered an organic part of China? Josef Kolmaš writes that developments took place on the basis of which Tibet came to be considered an organic part of China, both practically and theoretically subject to what? Who upheld a "mutual role of religious prelate and secular patron?" Who assumed the former imperial tributaries as integral parts of the Chinese nation-state? Where is P. Christiaan Klieger from? Who installed the vice royalty of the Sakya regime? What kind of relationship do Tibetans and Mongol converts have? When was Tibet incorporated into the Yuan dynasty's China? Who claimed the right to rule Tibet from the Yuan dynasty? When did China Daily begin publishing? Who established two itinerant high commands over Tibet? Who has Tibet remained under the jurisdiction of? When was Daoism fully sponsored at the Ming court? What was fully sponsored at the Ming court? Who discontinued their trips to Ming China? Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing? Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing? Who did Zhengde ascension to? The politics at court shifted in favor of what? Who did the Neo-Confucian establishment reject? What did the Neo-Confucian establishment have a predisposed animosity towards? Who did Zhengde ascension to? What region did the Tumed Mongols move into? What did the Mongols raid? Who did the Mongols raid? When did Altan Khan make peace with the Ming dynasty? Who did Altan Khan invite to meet him in 1578? What did Altan Khan abolish? Who were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism? What punishment would Mongol princes face if they converted to Gelug Buddhism? Who did Mongol princes request to bestow titles on them? Who did the Mongol princes want the Dalai Lama to be? Who is Altan Khan's nominal superior? Who was the 4th Dalai Lama? Who was the first to wield effective political control over Tibet? When did the 5th Dalai Lama become the first to wield effective political control over Tibet? Who departed for Tibet? Who granted Sonam Gyatso the grandiose title? Who did Popper send a letter to before he left? Who did Popper send a letter to before he left? Where did Sonam Gyatso die? Who did China Daily say was shown special favor by the Ming dynasty? What did the Ming dynasty allow the third Dalai Lama to do? What title does China Daily say Sonam Gyatso was granted? Who did the Qing emperor grant an honorific title to in 1653? Who did the Qing emperor give the title of Dalai Lama? What title did Gyatso receive? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? When did the Wanli Emperor grant the title of Master of Vajradhara? Who was the fourth Dalai Lama? What happened to Gyatso before he could travel to Beijing? Who took advantage of the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet? What did the Mongols want to reclaim? When did the Mongol conquer Tibet? Who has a lack of concern for Tibet? When were the Rinbung princes overthrown? Who was the second Tsang king? When did Karma Phuntsok Namgyal rule? Who did the Ü-Tsang king ally with? Who refused to give an audience to the Ü-Tsang king? Who did the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso ask for help? What role did Güshi Khan accept? Who did an ally of the Ü-Tsang ruler threaten destruction? In what region did Güshi Khan resettle his entire tribe? In what year did the Ü-Tsang forces surrender Shigatse? Who did Güshi Khan organize a welcoming ceremony for? What did Güshi Khan present to the Dalai Lama? Who did Güshi Khan present his conquest of Tibet to? Who did Güshi Khan grant authority to? Who organized a welcoming ceremony for Lozang Gyatso? Who did the Chinese Ming dynasty fall to? Who accepted a Manchu invitation in 1640? Who was the Emperor of the Qing dynasty? Who attempted to spread their territory into Tibet? Who was the ruler when the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory into Tibet? When did Kangxi occupy Lhasa? When was a Qing dynasty garrison established in Tibet? When was the Qing dynasty garrison established in Tibet? Who designed and marketed the iPod? When was the first line of the iPod released? How many current versions of the iPod are there? What is the iPod a line of? What kind of touch is the iPod Touch? In what year was the first line of the iPod released? Who designed and marketed the iPod? How many lines of the first line were released in 2001? What is the name of the ultra-compact iPod? In what year were the most recent iPod redesigns announced? What kind of storage can an iPod serve as? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Touch? What is the name of the 2 GB storage model for the iPod Touch? Which model has 128 GB storage? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Shuffle? What is the storage capacity for the iPod Touch? What is the name of Apple's software that transfers music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, and Web bookmarks? What operating systems are supported by Apple's iTunes software? What is the name of Apple's software that transfers music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, and Web bookmarks? How many iPhs were there before the release of iOS 5? The branding was used for the media player included with which device before the release of iOS 5? When was the iPod branding used for the media player included with the iPhone and iPad? In what year did iPhone sales overtake those of the iPod? What are the names of the apps that are standardized across all iOS-powered products? What kind of processor did the sixth generation iPod touch have? What is the latest generation of the iPod Touch? What is the latest generation of the iPod Touch? In what year was the new model of the iPod Touch released? What kind of processor did the sixth generation iPod touch have? How many models of the iPod Touch were released in mid-201? When was the iPod released? When was the iPod released? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? What radio was Dieter Rams inspired by? How big was the hard drive that Jobs announced? When was the iPod released? How big was the hard drive that Jobs announced? What is the name of the Walkman? Who was Apple's hardware engineering chief? What company's disk drive did Rubinstein discover? What company did Apple contract to help design and implement the user interface? What font was replaced with Espy Sans? In what year was the sixth-generation iPod Classic introduced? What was the font changed to in 2007? Who was in charge of Apple's user interface? What is the name of the software that Apple created in-house? What was the font changed to in 2007? When did Apple present a special edition for the iPod 5G of U2? What band did Apple present a special edition of the iPod 5G of in 2006? What is another term for black? What is included in the special edition? What band did Apple present a special edition of the iPod 5G of in 2006? What is another term for black? When did Apple present a special edition for the iPod 5G of U2? What company filed a lawsuit in 2007? Who was the inventor of the plastic music box? Kane Kramer applied for a patent in what country? In what year did Kramer apply for a UK patent? What was the name of the plastic music box created by Kramer? What company filed a lawsuit in 2007? What was the name of the plastic music box created by Kramer? Who was the inventor of the plastic music box? Who proposed the name iPod? What was Vinnie Chieco's occupation? Which movie did Chieco think of after seeing a prototype? Who originally listed an iPod trademark? In what year was the trademark assigned to Apple? Which movie did Chieco think of after seeing a prototype? Who proposed the name iPod? Who originally listed an iPod trademark? When were new color schemes spotted in the latest version of iTunes? Who found the leaked photos? In what version of iTunes did new color schemes appear? In what version of iTunes did new color schemes appear? Who found the leaked photos? What did the third-generation iPod have? What type of headphones can cause a problem? What is an example of a high-impedance device that masked the problem? What kind of response did the third-generation iPod have? What causes a high-pass filter? Along with R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Rock, what instrument would sometimes be affected by distortion? Which EQ settings would cause distortion on bass instruments? What is the term for distortion caused by the equalizer? In what year were equalizer settings removed from all iPods released? Which EQ settings would cause distortion on bass instruments? What was the main reason Apple introduced a user-configurable volume limit? In what country is the maximum volume output limit for the sixth-generation iPod? What is the maximum volume output of the sixth-generation iPod? In what country did Apple have to remove its iPods from shelves for exceeding the legal limit? What is the maximum volume output of the sixth-generation iPod? In what country did Apple have to remove its iPods from shelves for exceeding the legal limit? What type of connection was used to update songs or recharge batteries? What was included with the first four generations of the NES? What type of connection was used to update songs or recharge batteries? Which generation began including a 30-pin dock connector? What kind of connector allows for FireWire or USB connectivity? What is the final generation of the iPod Classic? What is the fourth generation of the iPod Nano? What type of phone connector does the second-, third-, and fourth-generation iPod Shuffle use? Which generation began including a 30-pin dock connector? What is the name of the iPod that uses a single 3.5 mm minijack phone connector? The 30-pin dock connector allowed USB connectivity and what other type of connectivity? FireWire or what other type of connectivity did the third generation include? What is the name of the now discontinued iPod? Who manufactures the iPod HiFi? What connector allowed the iPod to connect accessories? What does the implementation of the dock connector require? Belkin and Griffin are manufactured by whom? What is the name of the now discontinued iPod? What was the name of the 8-pin dock connector introduced by Apple? What is the name of the seventh generation iPod Nano? How many pins does the new connector have? How many pins does the Lightning connector have? Where are pins on the Lightning cable? What was the name of the 8-pin dock connector introduced by Apple? What is the latest generation of the iPod Touch? What is an example of a third party company that Apple makes products for? What is an example of a unique accessory? What were some of the first accessory manufacturers? Other than FM radio tuners and wired remote controls, audio/visual cables can be found in what type of connection? What company makes the +iPod pedometer? What company makes the iPod HiFi? What company released the first iPod interface? In what year did Apple announce that similar systems would be available for other car brands? What car company offers standard iPod connectivity on all their cars? What company released the first iPod interface? What car company offers standard iPod connectivity on all their cars? What are some independent stereo manufacturers? What kind of transmitters are illegal in some countries? What is an alternative connection method? What type of transmitters are illegal in some countries? What is an alternative connection method? What are the four major airlines? Where can passengers view video and music libraries? Who were initially reported to be part of the deal with Apple? What are the four major airlines? In what year did four major airlines reach agreements to install iPod seat connections? What is the name of the audio file format supported by the iPod line? What device introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG images? What audio format does Apple not support? What does DRM stand for? What operating system did iPod initially only work with? What are some audio file formats that the iPod can play? What device introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG images? How many host computers is an iPod associated with during installation? Where can song ratings be synchronized? An iPod is associated with one what during installation? How many buttons do all iPod models have? The later generations have the buttons integrated into what? The 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle has a small control on what? What does the 3.5" iPod touch have? The user interface for the iPod Touch is identical to that of what other device? How many buttons do all iPod models have? What is the name of the 3rd-generation iPod? The user interface for the iPod Touch is identical to that of what other device? When was the iTunes Store introduced? What is the name of the online media store run by Apple? When did Apple announce the sale of videos through its store? When did full length movies become available? In what year was the iTunes Store introduced? In what year did Apple announce the sale of videos through its store? In what year did full length movies become available in theaters? What format did the store initially use? How many authorized computers could play the files? What category did EMI begin selling DRM-free songs in? When did Apple announce DRM was removed from 80% of its music catalog? When did Apple announce DRM would be removed from all music? What format did the store initially use? What DRM system did the store use? What category did EMI begin selling DRM-free songs in? In what year did Apple announce DRM was removed from 80% of its music catalog? What are two example stores? What device can't play music files from competing music stores? What kind of technology does Microsoft's WMA and RealNetworks' Helix DRM use? Who decided not to renew their contract with the iTunes Store on July 3, 2007? What store did Universal Music Group decide not to renew their contract with? In what year did Universal Music Group decide to not renew their contract with the iTunes Store? What was the name of the Apple Media Event that debuted the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? When did Apple debut the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? In what year did Apple debut the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store? What device has a telephone network? Video games are playable on various versions of what? What game was included as an easter egg hidden feature on the original iPod? Who invented the game Brick? What are the three more games added to the iPod? What hidden feature did the original iPod have? What game was included as an easter egg hidden feature on the original iPod? What are the three more games added to the iPod? In what year did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games? What version of the iTunes Store was compatible with the fifth generation iPod? Along with the 6th and 4th generation, what generation of the iPod Classic does the games work on? The 5th and 5th generation of the iPod Nano is paired with what other generation? In what year did the iTunes Store begin to offer additional games? Which generation of iPod was the first to be compatible with the 7? Who are the 3rd parties to Apple's MP3 player? What market has Apple's MP3 player entered? Which magazines have reviewed and rated most of their games? What files are the games in? What are.ipg files actually? What does SDK stand for? With what operating system are apps produced with the iPhone SDK compatible? What files are the games in? What are apps produced with the iPhone SDK compatible with? Has Apple released a software development kit for the iPod? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What kind of applications are available on a number of different platforms? What is used to transfer media to an iPod? What kind of DRM is protected by a computer? What version of the iTunes Store can transfer purchased media from an iPod to a computer? Where are media files stored on an iPod? On what operating system can hidden files be accessed? What type of recovery method is used to recover the media files? When did Apple face two lawsuits claiming patent infringement? What did the lawsuits filed by Advanced Audio Devices and Pat-rights claim? What are the three online music stores named as defendants in the latter case? Who was the inventor of the FairPlay technology? Which company claimed the iPod line breached its patent on a music jukebox? What is the name of Apple's technology that breached a patent? What did Apple apply for a patent on? When did Apple's application for a patent on "rotational user inputs" receive a third rejection? Who is one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market? What did Creative Technology call the music selection interface used by the iPod line? Who did Creative ask to investigate whether Apple was violating US trade laws? What did Apple apply for a patent on? Who is one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market? When did Apple and Creative reach a settlement? How much will Creative US pay for a paid-up license? Creative announced its intention to produce iPod accessories by joining what program? How much will Creative US pay for a paid-up license? Creative announced its intention to produce iPod accessories by joining what program? What percentage of the market for hard drive-based players does the iPod line account for? In what year did the iPod line dominate digital music player sales? What was the iPod market share in January 2007? What publication reported the iPod market share in January 2007? What percentage of the market for hard drive-based players does the iPod line account for? What percentage of the market for all types of players does the iPod line account for? What was the U.S.'s market share in July 2005? On what date did Hewlett-Packard (HP) announce that they would sell HP-branded iPods? What company sold HP-branded iPods? What retail chain was responsible for the increase in sales of the iPod? What percentage of total sales did the iPod make up? What kind of terms did Apple impose on HP? What does Hewlett-Packard stand for? How many copies of the iPod did Apple sell? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from iPod sales? What is an example of an Apple product that an iPod user might buy? What was Apple's revenue in April 2007? In what year did Apple sell its one-hundred millionth iPod? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from iPod sales? What was Apple's revenue on October 22, 2007? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from desktop sales? How much money did Apple make in profits in 2007? How much did Apple have in cash and no debt as of the end of 2007? How much money did Apple make in profits in 2007? When did Apple report the best quarter revenue and earnings in its history? What was Apple's net profit for the quarter? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from notebook sales? What percentage of Apple's revenue came from iPod sales? Who is Apple's CFO? In what year did Phil Schiller deliver the keynote speech at the Apple event? What percentage of Apple's total revenue came from its iPods in 2008? How many total sales did Phil Schiller announce in 2009? In what year was a new iPod introduced? What place did the iPod hold in 2006 for best computer product? What kind of reviews do iPods get? Which two companies have mobile phones that play AAC files rather than WMA? What does Sony Ericsson and Nokia play AAC files rather than? Who said that the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? Which two companies have mobile phones that play AAC files rather than WMA? Who said that the iPod line has "altered the landscape for portable audio players"? What type of device has the iPod been accepted as? What is the main function of the iPod line? Which hospitals in Glasgow use the iPod line as a delivery mechanism for business communication and training? Where are the Royal and Western Infirmaries located? What university provided the first iPod to all incoming freshmen in 2004? What magazine called the "best of the last century" a best of the century? What university provided the first iPod to all incoming freshmen in 2004? What magazine called the "best of the last century" a best of the century? The iPod's popularization of digital music storage hastened the end of what era? The iPod is credited with accelerating shifts within what industry? What did the iPod popularize? The iPod's popularization of digital music storage hastened the end of what era? How many hours of music playback does the fifth generation 30 GB iPod claim to have? Who said the iPod was unachievable in real life usage conditions? In what year were lawsuits filed against Apple? What is different from real-world achievable life on most models? A writer for MP3.com said he got on average less than how long from an iPod? Who do some users use to open the case of their iPod? What is almost equivalent to a brand new one? Which type of battery loses capacity even when not in use? What are not designed to be removed or replaced by the user? Which type of battery loses capacity even when not in use? What did Apple announce on Nov 14, 2003? What was the initial cost of the Concourse? What is needed for the iPod Nano? Which generation of iPods have their battery attached to the backplate with adhesive? What year did Apple announce its battery replacement program? What was the initial cost of the Concourse? Which iPod is soldered onto the main board? What did Apple use that was flawed? What program replaced older Nanos? What are some of the criticisms leveled against iPods? What website conducted a 2005 survey on the iPod line? What was the average failure rate of the iPod line according to a 2005 survey? When did many users complain about the surface of the first generation iPod Nano? What did Apple later begin shipping the iPods with? What type of memory had a failure rate below 10% on an iPod? What part of the screen did the scratches on the first iPod Nano render unusable? Which tabloid reported that Apple employees worked 15 hour shifts? What were some of Apple's labour practices found to meet? What percentage of Apple employees worked more than six consecutive days? Which tabloid reported that Apple employees were working 15 hour shifts? What percent of Apple employees worked over 60 hours a week? What is the name of the workplace standards auditing company that Apple hired? What group did Verité join? Who is Apple's manufacturer? Where was the Foxconn factory located? Who is Apple's manufacturer? What is the name of the workplace standards auditing company that Apple hired? In what year did workers at the Foxconn factory form a union? In what year did a number of workers commit suicide at Foxconn operations in China? What was the cause of the employee's death? In what year did a number of workers commit suicide at Foxconn operations in China? What can create more jobs overseas than domestically? What file system format does an iPod use if formatted on a Mac OS computer? What format is used if formatted on Windows? What kind of game is The Legend of Zelda? What video game consoles was the Zelda: Twilight Princess released for? When was the Wii version released in North America? When was the GameCube version released worldwide? Who developed and published The Legend of Zelda? What year was Twilight Princess originally planned for release on the GameCube? In what year was the Wii version released in North America? Who is the main character of The Twilight Realm? What city is Link trying to save? What is the name of the mysterious creature who assists Avicenna? Who is the main character of The Twilight Realm? What is the name of the mysterious creature who assists Avicenna? What is the alternate timeline from? What award did Call of Duty receive in 2006? Under what label was the 2011 Wii version rereleased? When will the HD version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released? What was the name of the greatest Zelda game? How many Game of the Year awards did the game receive? In what year was the most critically acclaimed game released? When will the HD version of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD be released? What is the main focus of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What was the basic control scheme introduced in? What does Z-targeting stand for? What weapon does Link use in combat? What is similar to the Hookshot? What kind of game is The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess? What was the basic control scheme introduced in? What weapons does Link use in combat? What does Z-targeting stand for? How many buttons does the context-sensitive button allow? What shows what action a button will trigger? Where does the context-sensitive button cause Link to place the rock? What allows one button to serve a variety of functions? What shows what action a button will trigger? The Wii version of the game has a built-in speaker and what other device? What does the sound of a bowstring do when discovering secrets? The Wii version of the game has a built-in speaker and what other device? What is an example of an attack triggered using similar gestures? How many of Link's secondary weapons were available on the GameCube version? The Wii Remote makes use of what kind of sensors? The Wii version of the game has a built-in speaker and what other device? How many dungeons does the game have? Who does Link battle in the nine dungeons? Where are the dungeons connected? What is the name of Link's horse? What do the nine dungeons solve? Who does Link fight at the end of the game? Where are the dungeons connected? What is the name of Link? How does Link attack? What is the name of the ghost that Link hunts for? What small imp-like creature gives him hints? What does "Wolf Link" move faster than? What is the name of Link? What kind of creature is Midna? What do Poes hunt for? What does AI stand for? The artificial intelligence of enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced than what other movie? What do enemies do to defeated companions? What does AI stand for? What can enemies detect from a greater distance? How are emotions and responses indicated visually? Which character has the most voice acting? Who was the voice actress for Midna? What country is Akiko Kōmoto from? What does Link do when attacked or injured? How are emotions and responses indicated visually? Which character has the most voice acting? Who was the voice actress for Midna? What is Link's occupation? Who do Bulblins carry off with them? Who is the imp-like Twilight? What does he collect to restore the area's Light Spirit? Where is Link working? Who attacks the village? What does he collect to restore the area's Light Spirit? What are the fragments of a relic containing powerful dark magic called? Who ambushes Midna after Link has restored the Light Spirits? What is the name of the Sword that allows a person to return to human form? Who did Link bring a dying Midna to? Where are the Zoras of? What are the fragments of a relic containing powerful dark magic called? Who ambushes Midna after Link has restored the Light Spirits? What is the name of the Sword that allows a person to return to human form? Who did Link bring a dying Midna to? What does Link get after he cleanses himself? Where is Link led? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? Where is Ganondorf? What body does Ganondorf possess? What does Link get after he cleanses himself? Where is the Mirror of Twilight located? Who leads Link to the Mirror of Twilight? Who was the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce? What did Ganondorf transform into? What did Ganondorf crush Midna's? Where is Link shown leaving? Along with Link, who else is teleported to the castle? Where was Ganondorf's Master Sword placed? Who assisted Zelda in defeating Ganondorf? Who does Midna teleport to the castle? What did Ganondorf crush? What did Midna destroy with a tear to maintain balance between Hyrule and the Twilight Realm? In what year did Nintendo announce that a Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? At what event did Eiji Aonuma accidentally reveal that the sequel was in development? Which region of the world was the Wind Waker released in? What type of combat did Aonuma want to see in Ocarina of Time? In what year did Nintendo announce that a Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube? Who was the director of the game The Wind Waker 2? What type of combat did Aonuma want to see in Ocarina of Time? How many months did it take for Aonuma's team to present realistic horseback riding? At what event did Nintendo reveal the horseback riding trailer? The Phantom Hourglass sequel was released for what platform in 2007? What was the name of the sequel to The Wind Waker? What year did Nintendo reveal the horseback riding trailer? What creature did Aonuma suggest Link transform into? What game did Konuma direct for the Game Boy Advance? What was the code name of the Wii? Who thought the Wii Remote was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? Along with Aya Kyogoku, who was the scenario writer for the game? What device did Miyamoto think was well suited for aiming arrows in Zelda? What kind of interface did Aonuma use for the bow and arrow? When was the second version of the PlayStation 3 released? Who felt that having both versions of the game would be successful? When was the second version of the PlayStation 3 released? The Wii was being created to be compatible with what console? At what event did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? Nintendo transferred GameCube development to what console? When did Nintendo release a preview trailer for Twilight Princess? What did the prototype use to control the sword? What publication claimed that when a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess was played on the Revolution, it would give the player the option to use the Revolution controller? Support for what did not make it into the GameCube release? What year did Nintendo announce the Wii and SNES versions? How long after launch was the GameCube release pushed back? What publication claimed that when a GameCube copy of Twilight Princess was played on the Revolution, it would give the player the option to use the Revolution controller? At what event did Nintendo announce the Wii and GameCube versions? What did Nintendo staff members complain about? The new item system required use of the button that had previously been used for what? Who commented they would like to see the use of gestures in E3? Which side of the sword attack did the swinging of the swing reintroduce? What did Takahashi start thinking about with Miyamoto? Who composed the game's score? Who was the sound supervisor for the Toru Minegishi series? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who was the sound supervisor for the Toru Minegishi series? Who created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions? Who conducted the ensemble that performed the three compositions? What type of instruments did Kondo prefer? How many people did Spielberg originally plan to have in an orchestra? When was the six and seven track version of the game released? What was the name of the Nintendo promotion? What kind of requests prompted Kondo to consider using orchestral music? When was the six and seven track version of the game released? What was included in the six and seven-track versions of the game? What was discovered in the Twilight Princess game? What doesELF stand for? What version of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability? What was the exploit called? What versions of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console? What version of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability? Who developed The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD is being remastered for what console? When was the game officially announced for the Wii U? When will the game be released in Australia? What is the name of the HD remaster of the game? Who developed The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD? Along with enhanced graphics, what functionality did the HD version of The Legend of Zelda have? When will the game be released in North America and Europe? What is included in the special bundle? Which two Amiibo figurines replenish arrows? Who replenishes Link's health? What causes Link to take twice as much damage? What is the name of the Wolf Link Amiibo figurine? What kind of figurine is included in the special bundle? What is the name of the Wolf Link Amiibo figurine? Who replenishes arrows? Who replenishes Link's health? What store bundled the CD with the game? How many musical selections did the CD contain? In what countries is the CD included? What was included as a preorder bonus in the US? What kind of scores did 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, and GamesRadar receive? What reviews aggregators did Twilight Princess have? Who called the game one of the greatest ever created? What kind of acclaim was the Twilight Princess released to? What kind of scores did 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, and GamesRadar receive? What is the average score for the Wii version of Twilight Princess? Who called the game one of the greatest ever created? Which two publications pointed out the existence of blurred textures and low-resolution characters? Who said the Wii controls were "tacked-on"? What magazine provided information regarding the Wii version of the game? Who praised Hyper for its long quests and superb Wii controls? What is another term for "s"? Which two publications pointed out the existence of blurred textures and low-resolution characters? Who considered Twilight Princess's soundtrack to be the best of this generation? Who praised Hyper for its long quests and superb Wii controls? Which console version of Twilight Princess received IGN's Best Use of Sound? Where did the game place on the list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? Where did IGN rank Wii as the best Wii game? Where did Nintendo Power place NES as the best game to be released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s? Which two publications gave the award to Twilight Princess? What award did Game Critics Awards and GameSpy award the game for? Where did the game place on the list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time? Where did IGN rank Wii as the best Wii game? What region is Twilight Princess in? How many Wii games were sold as of March 31, 2011? How many GameCube copies were sold as of March 31, 2007? Where is Twilight Princess the best seller in the Zelda series? How many Wii games were sold as of March 31, 2011? How many GameCube copies were sold as of March 31, 2007? Who is the creator of the Twilight Princess manga? Where is the manga based on Twilight Princess? What publisher is the series published by? What kind of application is MangaOne available on? Who produced the film Spectre? Who starred in his fourth performance as James Bond? Spectre is the twenty-fourth film produced by Eon Productions, which is the name of the Bond character? Which film was Sam Mendes' second James Bond film? What is the budget of the Bond film? How many James Bond films were produced by Eon Productions? What is the twenty-fourth James Bond film produced by Eon Productions? How many James Bond films are there? Who distributed the film? Who directed the second James Bond film? What is the name of the global criminal organization that Bond is pitted against? What was the first Eon Productions film to feature a Bond character? Who are some of the recurring James Bond characters? Who played Mr. Hinx? Who is Monica Bellucci portraying in the film version of James Bond? Who are some of the recurring James Bond characters? Who is Dr. Madeleine Swann? Who played Mr. Hinx? In what year was the first Eon Productions film to feature a Bond character? When was Spectre released in the UK? Where was the world premiere of the film? When was the movie released in the US? What elements of the movie did critics praise? What Golden Globe award did "Writing's on the Wall" win? Which film was the second James Bond film to be screened in IMAX? What was the name of the Golden Globe theme song? During what event did James Bond kill three men? What was Garreth's previous title? What was the official designation of the mission in Mexico? What is the name of the global surveillance and intelligence co-operation initiative called? Who followed in whose footsteps? During what event did James Bond kill three men? The Joint Intelligence Service is made up of what two entities? What does Bond steal in the ensuing struggle? Where does Bond go to attend Sciarra's funeral? What criminal organization did Lucia belong to? Who is the leader of the Spectre meeting? What is Mr. Hinx? Who informs Bond that the information he collected leads to Mr. White? Where does Bond go to attend Sciarra's funeral? Who is the leader of the Spectre meeting? Who pursues Oberhauser? Who is the leader of the Spectre meeting? What is White dying of? Who does Bond tell Bond to protect? What does White do? Where does Bond find Swann? Where is L'Américain located? What is White dying of? Who does Bond tell Bond to protect? Where is L'Américain located? Who abducts Swann? What kind of train does Bond travel on to the nearest station? Who was Oberhauser's father? What name did Oberhauser adopt after killing his father? What name did Oberhauser adopt after killing his father? Where is Bond taken? Who tells Swann he has three minutes to escape the building? On what bridge does the helicopter crash? Who do Bond and Swann intend to arrest? What is the name of Bill Tanner's nickname? Who do Bond and Swann intend to arrest? What was SPECTRE originally an acronym of? Who owned the film rights to Thunderball? In what year did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the non-Eon version of Thunderball? What was the name of the sequel to Never Say Never Again? In what year did Fleming settle out of court with McClory? What was the name of the non-Eon version of Thunderball? What was the name of the novel that Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory fought over? Who acquired full copyright to the concept of Spectre? What acronym was removed from the series? Danjaq, LLC is the sister company of what production company? In what year did MGM and the McClory estate settle the issue with Danjaq? Who acquired full copyright to the concept of Spectre? What concept did MGM acquire full copyright to? Who did MGM settle the issue with? Who was targeted by hackers in November 2014? Who targeted Sony Pictures Entertainment in November 2014? Who wrote the early drafts of the script for the film? Who released a statement confirming the existence of an early version of the movie? When was Sony Pictures Entertainment targeted by hackers? Who wrote the early drafts of the script for the film? Who released a statement confirming the existence of an early version of the movie? Who plays Franz Oberhauser? In what year was Oberhauser named as temporary legal guardian of a young Bond? Who wrote the scripts for Quantum of Solace? In what film was the organisation referenced in Casino Royale reimagined as a division within Spectre rather than an independent organisation? What short story did Oberhauser share his name with? Who is shown to have been Bond's full time guardian? What short story did Oberhauser share his name with? Who plays Franz Oberhauser? In what Quantum of Solace was the Quantum organisation introduced? What is the name of the original Ian Fleming story? What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? Who was the title character in Colonel Sun? What is the name of the short story from the For Your Eyes Only short story collection? The Hildebrand Rarity is a short story from what short story collection? Who tortured Bond? What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? When was the main cast revealed? Who played Eve Moneypenny in Skyfall? Along with Ralph Fiennes, who played Eve Moneypenny in Skyfall? Along with Ralph Fiennes and Naomie Harris, who played M, Eve Moneypenny? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner? How many James Bond appearances did Daniel Craig make? Who reprised his role as Bill Tanner? Who reprised their roles as M, Eve Moneypenny and Q? Who was Christoph Waltz cast in? What was the name of the film's main character? Who did Mendes cast as Sévérine in Skyfall? Along with Casino Royale, what film did Jesper Christensen reprise his role as Mr. White? How old was Monica Bellucci when she was cast as Lucia Sciarra? Who did Mendes cast as Sévérine in Skyfall? What film did Jesper Christensen reprise his role as Mr. White from? How many extras were hired for the pre-title sequence? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? Who was cast as Estrella? When was the pre-title sequence set in Mexico? Where was the pre-title sequence set? Where was Detlef Bothe cast? Who was cast as Marco Sciarra? What was Stephanie Sigman cast as? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? Who was the film's production designer? Who did Hoyte van Hoytema take over for? Which two consecutive Bond films did Mendes direct? Along with Skyfall and Spectre, what was the first Bond film Mendes directed? Along with Skyfall and Spectre, what was the first Bond film Mendes directed? Who directed The Living Daylights and Licence to Kill? How many Bond films did Logan and Wade appear in? What locations did Mendes confirm filming took place in? What kind of film did Van Hoytema use? Where did Mendes say filming would begin? How long did filming take for Pinewood Studios? What kind of film did Van Hoytema use? Where did Mendes say filming would begin? When did filming start in Austria? When did Filming finish in Austria? Where were scenes filmed in Austria centred? What part of Craig's body did he sprained? Where were scenes filmed in Austria centred? Where is Hoffler Klinik located? Along with the Otztal Glacier Road, what glacier did production take place in Sölden? What locations did Blenheim Palace have in Rome? Which Formula One team developed the C-X75s used for filming? Along with the C-X75, what car was featured in a car chase scene in Rome? How many independent electric engines did the C-X75 have? Where did the film temporarily return to England? Along with the Roman Forum, what bridge did Blenheim Palace visit in Rome? What cars were featured in the car chase scene? Which Formula One team developed the C-X75s used for filming? What company was the original C-X75 prototype for? Where did production move to after Rome? What festival was filmed in Mexico City? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? How many extras did the scene in Mexico require? Where did the second unit of the film move to? What festival was filmed in the Zócalo and Centro Histórico district? What aircraft was used in the fight? Where was the Day of the Dead festival filmed? Where did Craig go after filming in Mexico? On what date did Pinewood Studios return to filming? Where did Craig go after filming in Mexico? What bridges were temporarily closed? Who was on set to simulate rain and monitor smoke? On what river did filming take place in May 2015? Where is MI6 headquarters located? What bridges were temporarily closed? Who was on set to simulate rain and monitor smoke? Where were scenes involving Fiennes shot? At what time were scenes involving Craig and Seydoux shot? Where did filming take place in Morocco? What is the Guinness World Record for an explosion filmed in Morocco? Who created the Guinness World Record for the Largest film stunt explosion in cinematic history? How long did it take to film? What country did production travel to in June? What is the Guinness World Record for an explosion filmed in Morocco? How long did it take to film? Who created the Guinness World Record for the Largest film stunt explosion in cinematic history? What was the amount of financial support Mexico received for the film? Who denied that the Day of the Dead was shot in Mexico? Where was the pre-title sequence of Skyfall shot before moving to Istanbul? Where did production of Skyfall begin in India? Who returned as Spectre's composer? When was the soundtrack album released in the UK? On what label was the soundtrack album released? Who returned as Spectre's composer? On what label was the soundtrack album released? When did Newman work on the film? When was the theatrical trailer for John Barry's On Her Majesty's Secret Service released? What was the title of the film's title theme? How many sessions did Smith say the song came together in? What type of recording did Smith and Napes record? Along with Jimmy Napes, who wrote the film's title theme? When was the song released as a digital download? What is the name of Adele's album that received mixed reviews? Who was trending on Twitter on the day the song was released? What English band composed a song for the film? Who starred in "Skyfall"? Who was trending on Twitter on the day the song was released? What English band composed a song for the film? Who unveiled the DB10 as the official car for the film? What was the name of the DB10? Which team carried the 007 logo on their cars at the 2015 Mexican Grand Prix? What were the remaining two films used for? What was the name of the DB10? What logo did Williams F1 carry on their cars at the Mexican Grand Prix? Along with video blogs, what did Eon release still images of? What film continued the trend of promoting the film? Where were still images of clapperboards and video blogs released? What film continued the trend of promoting the film? For what event did the Dawson Brothers appear? On what channel did Red Nose Day air? When was the theatrical trailer for Spectre released? When did Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes appear in a sketch for Comic Relief? For what event did the Dawson Brothers appear? Who wrote the sketch for Red Nose Day? Where did the world premiere of Spectre take place? When did Spectre premiere in London? What film was successful with IMAX? What movie did Paramount Pictures bring forward to avoid competing with Spectre? Mission: Impossible - Rogue Nation was delayed to avoid competing with what film? How much has Spectre grossed worldwide? How much money has been generated from North America? How much money has been generated from the UK market? How much did the first seven days of 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban' earn? What is the first all-time UK first-week grosser? What film did the U.K. version of IMAX pass? What was the film's worldwide budget? What is the first all-time UK first-week grosser? What film did the U.K. version of IMAX pass? Which film previously held the record for the best per-screen opening average? In what city were multiple theaters closed down due to attacks? How much above the opening of Skyfall did the film earn in India? What is the only other movie to sell more than one million tickets in Paris? How much did the movie gross in South Korea? What is the only other movie to sell more than one million tickets in Paris? What movie has it beaten to become the top movie of the year? How many screens did the film have? How much did 'Skyfall' earn in its opening weekend? How much did Universal earn from its early Thursday night showings? Which film earned less than Universal's $90.6 million debut? How many screens did the film have? What day of the week did Jurassic World earn $5.25 million? When did 'Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation' open in China? How much ahead of Skyfall was Jurassic World in its opening weekend? By what percentage did the second weekend's $12.1 million fall? How much did the movie grossed? What was the second biggest 2D movie in history? How much did the movie grossed? What is Metacritic's rating on Rotten Tomatoes? How many critics does Metacritic have? What percentage of reviews on Rotten Tomatoes were positive? Who polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale? What percentage of reviews on Rotten Tomatoes were positive? What is Metacritic's rating on Rotten Tomatoes? Who wrote a five star review for The Daily Telegraph? What website called the film "solid if unspectacular"? How many out of five stars did Kermode give Skyfall? How many out of five stars did Kermode give the film? Who criticized the film Spectre? Who gave the film a perfect 100 score? What grade did Richard Roeper give the Chicago Sun-Times? What film did Lodge feel was missing? Who wrote in The Atlantic about the film? What did Toppman call Craig's performance? For what newspaper did Alyssa Rosenberg write? What did Lawrence Toppman call Craig's performance? What does CBFC stand for? On what website did the criticism of the board begin? Who will be the next Bond? When will the sequel to Spectre begin development? When will the sequel to Spectre begin development? What year was the Great Sichuan earthquake? What is another name for the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? What year was the Great Sichuan earthquake? What was the magnitude of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? When did the Great Sichuan earthquake occur? When did the 2008 Sichuan earthquake occur? How many people died in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake? Which cities felt the tremor? What was the focal depth of the epicenter? How long after the main quake did the aftershocks continue to hit the area? What is another name for the Wenchuan earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake? How far was the epicenter from Chengdu? What was the focal depth of the epicenter? As of July 21, 2008, how many people were confirmed dead in Sichuan? How many people died in Sichuan province? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? Approximately how many people lived in the affected area? How much money did the Chinese government say it would spend to rebuild after the 2008 earthquake? How many people died in Sichuan province? How many people were injured in Sichuan? How many people were missing in Sichuan province? How many people were homeless after the earthquake? What is the possible number of homeless people after the earthquake? Where was the epicenter of the 2008 earthquake? How long did the tremor last? What percentage of buildings were destroyed in the 2008 quake? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? How long did the tremor last? How many buildings were destroyed in the 2008 quake? Which fault did the China Earthquake Administration study? Where is the Longmenshan fault located? How long did the rupture last? The focus was deeper than what distance? Which fault did the China Earthquake Administration study? What is the mid-fracture called? When was the majority of energy released? What was the maximum displacement? When was a written report sent to the State Seismological Bureau? When was Geng's drought-earthquake correlation theory released? What type of report did Geng Qingguo claim was sent to the State Seismological Bureau? What did Geng claim the State Seismological Bureau warned about? When was the warning sent to the State Seismological Bureau? Along with earthquakes, what natural disaster was Geng trying to link to earthquakes? What did the Seismological Bureau deny receiving? What displacement was indicated by preliminary rupture models of the earthquake? Who is the USGS seismologist? What was the displacement indicated by preliminary rupture models of the earthquake? How deep was the fault indicated by the USGS study? How deep was the fault indicated by the USGS study? At what ends of the fault did the earthquake cause stress? What was Parsons' initial assessment of the risk of an M>7 aftershock? How many people died in the Great Hanshin earthquake? How many stages did the earthquake occur? What is the name of the fault that caused the first earthquake? Along with the density of population, what factor contributed to the severity of the earthquake? How much energy did the Great Hanshin earthquake release? Why did Kato believe the seismic waves did not lose their power? How many major aftershocks occurred within 72 hours of the main quake? When did the major aftershocks occur? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? How many major aftershocks occurred within 72 hours of the main quake? How many aftershocks were there in 2008? What was the strongest aftershock measured? How many aftershocks were there in 2008? When did the latest aftershock exceeding M6 occur? When was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? Why was the Ms 6.1 earthquake not part of this series? What is the name of the major earthquake? Where was the Ms 6.1 earthquake? What was the name of the earthquake that occurred on August 30, 2008? What event occurred in 2008? Who published the map of the earthquake intensity? What is the maximum liedu on the CSIS? The CSIS described the maximum liedu of XI on the European Macroseismic Scale as what? What was the result of the maximum intensity placed at XI by the USGS? What is the town closest to the epicenter of the main quake? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? How vertical was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? What was the average surface slip on the Beichuan Fault? What was the average slip on the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? How horizontal was the average slip on the Guanxian-Anxian Fault? Where is the Longmen Shan Fault System located? Which fault system is situated in the eastern border of the Tibetan Plateau? How vertical was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? How vertical was the average slip in the Beichuan Fault? How far horizontal is the Beichuan Fault perpendicular to the fault? Where were the Jin Mao Tower and Hong Kong New World Tower located? What did the receptionist at the Tibet Hotel say about the situation after it evacuated its guests? How long were Ford workers evacuated for? What airport was shut down? When did Chengdu Shuangliu Airport reopen? What happened to office buildings in Shanghai's financial district? What airport was shut down? Why did Cathay Pacific delay both legs of its quadruple daily Hong Kong to London route? What is the airport used for? Where did reporters say they saw cracks on the walls of some residential buildings? In what city were many office towers evacuated? Where did a train carrying 13 petrol tanks derail? What happened to the cargo train that derailed? What happened to some residential buildings in Chengdu? What buildings were evacuated in Beijing? What was damaged? Where did a train carrying 13 petrol tanks derail? What caused the derailment of the cargo train? What infrastructure was damaged? What percentage of the buildings collapsed in Beichuan County? In what city did a school collapse? How many people survived the collapsing school? What infrastructure was damaged? What happened to the rescue troops? What percentage of the buildings collapsed in Beichuan County? What collapsed in Shifang? How many people survived the collapsing school? The Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspended trading of companies based in what part of China? What metal rose over speculations that production in southwestern China might be affected? What commodity fell over speculations that demand from China would rise? What happened to companies based in southwestern China? The Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspended trading of companies based in what part of China? What metal rose over speculations that production in southwestern China might be affected? Along with the Shanghai Stock Exchange, what exchange suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China? What types of telecommunications were cut after the earthquake? What type of internet service was cut after the Sichuan earthquake? Over what period of time did the Sichuan government restore telecommunications? What type of service was cut after the earthquake? Where were internet capabilities cut after the earthquake? Who restored telecommunications in Sichuan? What types of websites were made accessible online in the region? What types of websites were made accessible online in the region? How many base stations were suspended due to power disruption? How many towers were disconnected from China Unicom's service? How many base stations were suspended due to power disruption? What was the cause of the power disruption? How much of the Sichuan wireless communications were lost? What company does China Unicom belong to? About how many towers were suspended in Wenchuan? What is home to 280 giant pandas? How many giant pandas live in Wolong National Nature Reserve? How many British tourists did the Foreign Ministry say returned safe and uninjured? How many giant pandas live in Wolong National Nature Reserve? What is home to 280 giant pandas? How many pandas escaped after their enclosures were damaged? How many children does Mao Mao have? What was the name of the nine year old mother of five at the breeding center? What is Zipingpu? Where is the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant located? How many troops have been sent to Zipingpu? How many dams were damaged by the quake? What plant was damaged by the typhoon? How far east of the epicenter was the Zipingpu Hydropower Plant? Was the damage to the structure more severe or less severe than initially feared? What reservoir upstream is in danger of collapse? How many dams were damaged by the quake? How many deaths were there from the Sichuan earthquake? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many people are missing from the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were injured in the Sichuan earthquake? How many relief workers were killed in landslides? How many people died in the Sichuan earthquake? How many deaths were there from the Sichuan earthquake? How many people are missing from the Sichuan earthquake? How many people were injured in the Sichuan earthquake? What were the relief workers doing when they were killed? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? Where is Yingxiu located? What was the total population of Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were injured in Beichuan County? How many survivors were reported from the town of Yingxiu? What was the total population of Yingxiu? How many people were killed in Beichuan County? How many people were injured in Beichuan County? How many schools were toppled in Dujiangyan? What is poor in Sichuan? Who is the Chinese Minister of Health? What did Gao Qiang say about China's health care system? What was the area hit by the earthquake? In what areas of Sichuan is health care poor? According to Qiang, what is the public health care system in China? What did the Vice Minister of Health say the government should provide to the earthquake victims? How many children died due to shoddy construction? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people died in the collapsing schools in Mianyang city? How many school buildings in Nanjing collapsed? About how many people died in the school collapse in Mianyang? Why did thousands of children die in school accidents? How many schools collapsed in Mianyang City? How many people died in the collapsing schools in Mianyang city? How many school buildings in Nanjing collapsed? How many students died at Juyuan Elementary School? When did the non-governmental investigation begin? When was the official tally of the students killed in the earthquake released? How many students died in the Xinhua news agency earthquake? How many children were disabled by the earthquake? When was the official tally of the students killed in the earthquake released? What artist and architect has been posting updates on his blog since 2008? How many students died in the Xinhua news agency earthquake? How many children were disabled by the earthquake? Where did Chinese families get free treatment after the earthquake? How many people were without housing after the earthquake? What is the possible number of people without housing after the earthquake? How many animals were destroyed? How many people were estimated to have been displaced by the earthquake? How many people were without housing after the earthquake? What is the possible number of people without housing after the earthquake? How many animals were destroyed? How many pigs died in Sichuan province? Who is a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Georgia Tech? What is Reginald DesRoches' job title? When was the Tangshan earthquake? What major earthquake occurred in 1976? What happened in the days following the disaster? What was the purpose of the reconnaissance team? What did the findings show? What kind of team was sent to the area after the disaster? What kind of preliminary survey was the team sent to the region for? What do the findings show about why many constructions failed to withstand the earthquake? Who were the hardest hit? Who is the assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology? In what part of China did the earthquake occur? Were many of the buildings constructed designed or not designed? What type of building codes are in China? What were many of the buildings not built with? What is the estimated economic loss of Sichuan? What type of damage did Sichuan suffer from the earthquake? What is the estimated economic loss of Sichuan? The Sichuan earthquake was one of the costliest natural disasters in what history? How many cities in Sichuan were damaged by the earthquake? How many homes were destroyed in the two aftershocks? What was the magnitude of the aftershock? How many people were injured in the aftershock? How many homes were destroyed in the two aftershocks? How many people were injured in the two aftershocks? What city was hit by another aftershock? Who was the executive vice governor of Taiwan in 2008? How many homes had been rebuilt? How many households were still without permanent shelter? How many schools had been rebuilt? Who was the executive vice governor of Taiwan in 2008? How many people died in the 2008 earthquake? How many homes had been rebuilt? How many homes were under reconstruction? How many households were still without permanent shelter? Who was in charge of the rescue efforts after the earthquake? What academic background did Wen Jiabao have? What did Wen Jiabao oversee? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send to Wenchuan County? How long after the earthquake did the Premier Wen Jiabao arrive? How many emergency teams did the Ministry of Health send to Wenchuan County? How many troops did the Chengdu Military Region Command send to Wenchuan County? Why did soldiers find it difficult to get help to rural areas of the province? What did the National Disaster Relief Commission initiate? What does the Level II emergency contingency plan cover? When did the plan rise to Level I? What type of contingency plan did the National Disaster Relief Commission create? Level II emergency contingency plans cover what class of natural disasters? What level of emergency contingency plan did the National Disaster Relief Commission create? Who created a Level II emergency contingency plan? How many people were on the emergency relief team? How many people were on the State Seismological Bureau's relief team? How many people were on the Beijing Military Area Command's emergency relief team? How many people were from the Armed Police General Hospital? What kind of team did the Beijing Military Area Command send? How many people were on the emergency relief team? How many people were on the Beijing Military Area Command's emergency relief team? What hospital did the 22 people on the relief team come from? How did the relief team arrive in Wenchuan County? What did "Book Blade" report? What is the Chinese construction engineer known online as? What newspaper reports a close analysis of an alleged Chinese construction engineer? What is the Chinese construction engineer known online as? What is the name of the holiday in which parents mourn their children? Where were the surviving children? What did the surviving children do to mark the special day? Where did parents go to mourn their children? When is Children's Day? Where were the surviving children living? How much has Central State-owned enterprises donated? How much money did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much has Central State-owned enterprises donated? How much money did China National Petroleum Corp and Sinopec donate to the disaster area? How much money has China received so far? How many countries contributed to the rescue effort? How many international organizations were involved in the rescue effort? Who was the largest aid donor to China? How much financial assistance did Saudi Arabia provide to China? How much money has China received so far? Who was the largest aid donor to China? How many international organizations were involved in the rescue effort? What did State Council establish in 2008? How long did the plan last? What did State Council establish in 2008? How many counties does the plan plan to help? How long did the plan last? What percent of the province's budget did the plan cost? What did the chief engineer of the Sichuan Geology and Mineral Bureau say What dam was suggested to have triggered the earthquake? How much more is the effect of a year's worth of natural stress from tectonic movement? Who disregarded warnings about large-scale dam projects in a seismically active area? Why did the government ignore warnings about large-scale dam projects? What have researchers been denied? What did the earthquake provide? What did the Sichuan earthquake prediction method predict? What did Cyril and Mavrodiev try to establish? What did Cyril and Mavrodiev collect to establish a time prediction method? What did Zhang Xiaodong state at the press conference? Why did Zhang Xiaodong believe that earthquake prediction was a global issue? What did Zhang Xiaodong state about earthquake prediction? What was received before the earthquake? Did Gary Gibson see anything that could be considered to have predicted the magnitude of the earthquake? When did Chen Xuezhong publish his Seismic Risk Analysis study? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? Who published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in 2002? When did Chen Xuezhong publish his Seismic Risk Analysis study? What was the magnitude of the Sichuan earthquake? How long did the Sichuan earthquake last? How long did the Sichuan earthquake last? Is there a consensus or disagreement within the scientific community that an earthquake prediction is possible? What type of information could be used to help predict future earthquakes? What is not yet established science? What is one of the rescue teams from Taiwan? How many Tibetan villagers were stranded in their demolished village for five days? Why did the Red Cross Society of China say it was inconvenient? What did the Red Cross Society of China recommend instead of other items? The Red Cross Society of China said it was unable to reach roads that were completely damaged or blocked by what? What was the name of the village the men were trying to reach? Heavy rains and what other natural disaster affected rescue efforts in Wenchuan County? How many helicopters were involved in the rescue operation? How many troops were in the Chengdu Military Region? How many survivors were reported from Yingxiu Town? How many troops were in the Chengdu Military Region? What kind of weather conditions affected rescue efforts? How many helicopters were involved in the rescue operation? How many troops were in the Chengdu Military Region? How many survivors were reported from Yingxiu Town? How many other inhabitants remained unaccounted for? What did Premier Wen Jiabao order? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? How many helicopters were to be provided by the civil aviation industry? How many helicopters were used in relief operations? How many helicopters were used in relief operations? How many helicopters were to be provided by the PLAAF? Who provided the 30 helicopters? What type of operation was the largest in People's Liberation Army history? Who did Beijing accept the aid of? Where is the Tzu Chi Foundation located? When did Beijing accept the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation? Who did Beijing accept the aid of? What assistance did China say it would accept? What did China say it would accept international help to do? What airline chartered a flight from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport to Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport? On what date did the chartered flight depart Taipei? When was the Mandarin Airlines flight scheduled to depart Taipei? What type of flight was made by China Airlines? Where was China Airlines flight from? What city did China Airlines travel to? What kind of team did the Red Cross have in Taiwan? What city did China Airlines travel to? What did the US share with Chinese authorities? Who did the US share satellite images of the stricken areas with? How many Chinese troops and medics were involved in the rescue effort? When did South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Russia and Taiwan join the rescue effort? What kind of images did the US share with Chinese authorities? What did the US Air Force C-17 carry? How many Chinese troops and medics were involved in the rescue effort? What was used to relay information to rescue and recovery efforts? What did Xinhua set up? Why did Xinhua set up an online rescue request center? Where was the epicenter of the crash? What was used to relay information to rescue and recovery efforts? Who set up an online rescue request center? Who proposed a landing spot online? Volunteers have set up websites to store what for evacuees? When did a rescue helicopter crash in Wenchuan county? What did China observe on May 12, 2009? What did the government open access to for three days? How long does it take for the government to reopen the sealed ruins of the Beichuan county seat? What did China observe on May 12, 2009? What will the Beichuan county seat be preserved as? What sort of events were held to raise money for the survivors of the quake? What will the museum remind people of? What type of blood did people donate? Who set up accounts for the relief efforts? Where did people come from after the earthquake? What did people do in response to the long lines? What were set up in schools, banks, and around gas stations after the earthquake? How did many people donate to the relief efforts? How much money had the Chinese government allocated for earthquake relief so far? How many tents did the Red Cross Society of China fly to Wenchuan County? How many quilts did the Red Cross Society send to Wenchuan County? How much did the Red Cross Society of China donate to Wenchuan County? What county did the Red Cross Society of China fly 557 tents and 2,500 quilts to? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide to those left homeless? Who flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts to Wenchuan County? How much money has the Amity Foundation earmarked for disaster relief? How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide to those left homeless? Who did the Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs provide 30,000 tents for? Who has already begun relief work in the region? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What is the name of the catch phrase Chinese citizens created to mock the quality and quantity of schoolhouses? What type of school building collapsed in the earthquake? How many schoolrooms collapsed in the earthquake? What is the name of the catch phrase Chinese citizens created to mock the quality and quantity of schoolhouses? What can illegal children do for their dead siblings? What special program did CCTV-1 host on May 18? Who was the round-the-clock coverage anchor of The Giving of Love? How many people donated in the evening? How much money did Chan donate to the victims? What song was composed by Andy Lau? What was the name of the four-hour program that aired on May 18? How much was the amount of donations in Chinese Yuan? Who hosted The Giving of Love? How much money did Chan donate to the victims? What song was composed by Andy Lau? What did a professor at Peking University say about China's openness during the Sichuan earthquake? What did the Chinese block during Cyclone Nargis? What did a professor at Peking University say about the media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake? What newspaper praised China's media coverage of the quake? What was the previous major earthquake in China? What did the large landslides cause behind the blockages? How many lakes formed due to the 2008 earthquake? As of May 27, 2008, how many lakes had formed due to the 2008 earthquake? What was the magnitude of the earthquake? What caused many rivers to become blocked? What did the large landslides cause behind the blockages? How many lakes formed due to the 2008 earthquake? What had to be evacuated due to the resulting flooding? Where was the most precarious of the earthquakes? How was Mount Tangjia accessible? What kind of vehicles did the Mi-26T heavy lift helicopter carry? How many people were evacuated from Mianyang? What was the reason for the evacuation of Mianyang? Where was the most precarious of the earthquakes? Where is Mount Tangjia located? How many soldiers arrived on site by foot? Who declared a three-day period of national mourning for the quake victims? What did the State Council declare on May 19, 2008? Who was the first leader to die in a national mourning period? When did the three-day period of national mourning begin? What vehicles came to a halt on Beijing's roads? How long did the State Council declare a period of national mourning for the quake victims? What event was scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? What was the Ningbo Organizing Committee responsible for? Where was the Beijing Olympic torch relay scheduled to take place? What part of the torch was scaled down? Where did the next leg of the torch start? Many websites converted their home page to what color? What did Sina.com and Sohu remove? What kind of websites are World of Warcraft? What did the crowd do after the silence? What restaurant was closed down in Macau? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? What has Ye Zhiping been credited with? How many pupils were in attendance when the earthquake happened? How much money did he get from the county education department? Who is the principal of Sangzao Middle School? Where is Ye Zhiping a principal of? What county is Sangzao Middle School located in? How long did Nassir oversee a major overhaul of his school? Why did Chinese prosecutors join an inquiry into ten collapsed schools? What type of checks were being carried out after last month's earthquake in China? Who has joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools? What type of crime are Chinese prosecutors hoping to investigate? Where were safety checks carried out after last month's earthquake? Who reported in June that Chinese prosecutors had joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools? What were parents offered to sign a document forbade them from holding protests in exchange for? Who broke up protests by parents? Who said they were investigating the collapses? What was the purpose of requiring parents to sign a document? What were parents offered to sign a document forbade them from holding protests in exchange for? What happened to parents who refused to sign the document? What were Chinese news media ordered to stop reporting? Who was detained on June 25, 2008? What was Liu's family told? What is Liu Shaokun's occupation? What crime was Liu being investigated for? What did Liu do with the photos he took? When did he express his anger at the shoddy tofu-dregs buildings? How long was he ordered to serve? When was Tan Zuoren sentenced to prison? When was Tan Zuoren sentenced? What was the effect of shoddy construction on schools according to The Standard? What did UNICEF report on May 14? What did foreign nations and organizations offer after the magnitude of the quake? When did China formally request the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? Who reported that China requested support from the international community to respond to the needs of affected families? Why did foreign nations and organizations respond to the disaster? How much did Yao Ming donate to the Red Cross Society of China? How much money has the association collected so far? How much money had been donated by the Chinese public by May 14? Who donated 10.7 billion yuan? What is the name of the Houston Rockets center? How much money has the association collected so far? How did Marcus describe the Chinese rescue effort? What characteristic did the Economist attribute China's response to the disaster? How did China respond to the Cyclone Nargis? How long did the Cyclone Nargis last? What organization does Francis Marcus belong to? What did Mainland Chinese television stations replace their cancelled programming with? What channel did Mainland Chinese television stations broadcast live after the earthquake? What happened to Channel V? What country did the Chinese government compare itself to? What scandal caused the Chinese government to lose confidence in the response to the earthquake in Burma? What did the military junta blockade of aid during Cyclone Nargis cause? What have parents accused local officials and builders of in school construction? As of July 17, 2008, what did Sichuan residents say they had yet to receive regarding the collapsed schools? What did censors discourage from being published in the media? What type of media has largely ignored the issue? Who runs the state-controlled media? Who reported that the state-controlled media had largely ignored the issue? Why are shoddily constructed buildings called "tofu buildings"? What did builders replace steel rods with for concrete reinforcement? Who did not check to see if it met the national standards? Who still hasn't been brought to justice? Who lost their only child? What were parents warned not to stage a protest under? What newspaper reported that parents were warned not to stage a protest? What did the families of the corrupt officials lose? What is the most populous city in the US? What is the most populous city in the US? What is the most populous city in the US? What is the most populous city in the US? What is another name for New York City? What is another name for New York City? How many boroughs make up New York City? When was Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx and Staten Island consolidated? What was the population of New York in 2014? How many square miles is New York? How many people live in the Combined Statistical Area? How many boroughs make up New York City? What five boroughs were consolidated into one city in 1898? When was Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx and Staten Island consolidated? What was the population of New York in 2014? Approximately how many languages are spoken in New York? What was the original name of New York City? New York City was founded as a trading post by colonists from what republic? In what year did New York cease to be the capital of the United States? When did the English take control of Southampton? In what year did New York cease to be the capital of the United States? When was New York City founded? In what year was New York City named? When did the English take control of Southampton? In what year did New York cease to be the capital of the United States? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How many stations are in operation of the New York City Subway? In what district of Manhattan is New York City located? How many colleges and universities are part of NYC's higher education network? What are the names of the two largest stock exchanges in the world? Along with Long Island, what other island was split up by the ice sheet? During what glaciation was the New York City region situated at the edge of a large ice sheet? The New York City region was situated on the edge of what? What was the Lenape's homeland called? When was the first documented European visit to New York Harbor? Who was the first European to visit New York Harbor? What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship? For what country did Napoleon claim the area? What was the name given to the area claimed for France by Napoleon? When was the first documented European visit to New York Harbor? What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship? For what country did Napoleon claim the area? In what year did Estêvão Gomes arrive in New York Harbor? Who was the captain of the Spanish expedition to New York Harbor? What nationality was Rio de San Antonio? Who was Estêvão Gomes sailing for? What was the name of the Spanish expedition that arrived in New York Harbor in 1525? What did Gomes name the Hudson River? What was the name of the map that showed the North American East coast? Who discovered the Northwest Passage in 1609? What was the name of the company Henry Hudson was searching for? In what year would the Netherlands claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? How many days did Popper spend exploring the area? What did Hudson call the Mauritis River? What was the name of the company Henry Hudson was searching for? In what year would the Netherlands claim the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay? Who discovered the Northwest Passage in 1609? Where was Popper born? What was Juan Rodriguez's full name? What was Juan Rodriguez's occupation? Broadway is named what in his honor? During what season did Santo Domingo arrive in Manhattan? Who was the first non-Native American inhabitant of New York City? Where is Juan Rodriguez Way? On what island was a Dutch fur trading settlement established? On what island was Fort Amsterdam built? In what year was construction started on a citadel and Fort Amsterdam? Who was the Dutch colonial Director-General? In what year did Minuit buy the island of Manhattan? When did a permanent European presence in New Netherland begin? In what year was construction started on a citadel and Fort Amsterdam? What is rumored to have been purchased for $24? What did the English rename the city? Who was the Duke of York later known as? Who surrendered New Amsterdam to the English in 1664? What position did Peter Stuyvesant hold in New Netherland? In what year did Peter Stuyvesant surrender New Amsterdam? Who surrendered New Amsterdam to the English in 1664? Who was the Prince of Orange? On what date did Colve take over New York? What did Colve rename the colony of New York? When did the Dutch return Norfolk Island to England? Who took over the colony of New York from England? The colony of New York was originally from what country? Who was the Prince of Orange? At the end of what war did the English gain New Amsterdam? What was the Lenape population in 1700? What Indonesian island did the English gain control of? What was the Lenape population in 1700? At the end of what war did the English gain New Amsterdam? What percentage of households in Charleston had slaves as of 1730? What city had the most slaves in 1730? A new federal courthouse was built near what square in the 1990s? What federal building was built near Foley Square in the 1990s? What city had the most slaves in 1730? When was the African Burying Ground discovered? When was the trial of John Peter Zenger? Where was the trial of John Peter Zenger held? In what year was Columbia University founded? Who founded Columbia University? What was the original name of Columbia University? Who was charged with the crime of first establishing the freedom of the press in North America? In what year was Columbia University founded? Where did the Stamp Act Congress meet in 1765? What was the largest American Revolutionary War battle? What is the modern-day borough of Long Island located in? When was the Battle of Long Island fought? How many escaped slaves crowded into Southampton during the British occupation? In what year did British forces leave Nova Scotia? What was the largest American Revolutionary War battle? What is the modern-day borough of Long Island located in? In what year did British forces leave Nova Scotia? When was the Conference House held? What British general was present at the Conference House? What event occurred shortly after the British occupation began? The Great Fire of New York occurred on the West Side of what city? What church was destroyed in the Great Fire of New York? What British general was present at the Conference House? What event occurred shortly after the British occupation began? When did the Congress of the Confederation make New York the capital? Who was the first President of the United States? Where was the United States Bill of Rights drafted? On what street was Federal Hall located? What city did New York pass in terms of population in 1790? What assembly made New York the capital of the United States? What did the Congress of the Confederation make New York? When was George Washington inaugurated? By what year had New York surpassed Philadelphia as the largest city in the US? When was New York State's gradual abolition act? Where did a significant free-black population develop? Along with John Jay, who founded the New York Manumission Society? What year was slavery completely abolished in North Carolina? What was Richmond's black population in 1840? When was New York State's gradual abolition act? What year was slavery completely abolished in North Carolina? What plan was adopted in 1811? When was the Erie Canal completed? Who dominated local politics? What was the ethnicity of the immigrants that supported Tammany Hall? When was the Erie Canal completed? What was the first landscaped park in an American city? When was Central Park first landscaped? What distinction did Central Park have? What event brought a large influx of Irish immigrants? How many people were living in New York in 1860? What fraction of New York's population was living in 1860? What percentage of New York's population were Germans in 1860? What had disrupted societies in the German provinces? What event brought a large influx of Irish immigrants? How many people were living in New York in 1860? Who was the mayor of Albany in 1861? What was the commutation fee to hire a substitute in 1863? What was the most visible ethnic group in the Draft Riots of 1863? According to McPherson, how many people were killed? What was the black population in Manhattan in 1865? What was burned to the ground by rioters? When was the modern City of New York formed? When was the subway opened? What part of the Bronx did the County of New York include? When was the subway opened? In what year did General Slocum catch fire in the East River? How many people were on the General Slocum when it caught fire? What was the city's worst industrial disaster? How many garment workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? What union was created after the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire? What was the city's worst industrial disaster? What was New York's non-white population in 1890? What period of literary and cultural life flourished during Prohibition? What was New York's non-white population in 1890? What city overtook New York in population in the 1920s? What was the first type of megacity in human history? Who was elected mayor of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance? How many years of political dominance did Tammany Hall have? What was the first type of megacity in human history? In what year was the United Nations Headquarters completed? The rise of abstract expressionism in New York precipitated the displacement of what city as the center of the art world? What type of art rose in New York after the completion of the United Nations Headquarters? What organization's headquarters was completed in 1952? At what establishment did the Stonewall riots occur? In what neighborhood of Lower Manhattan was the Stonewall Inn located? When did the Stonewall riots occur? In what city was the Stonewall Inn located? What was the Stonewall riots against? Where did the Stonewall riots occur? In what year did New York's population reach all-time highs? In what year did New York's population reach all-time highs again? What new sector emerged in the city's economy? In what decade did New York's crime rate continue to increase? In what decade did New York City suffer from rising crime rates? In what decade did New York City suffer from rising crime rates? What plane did 9/11 terrorists piloted? What was the name of the plane that was involved in the 9/11 attacks? How many firefighters were killed in the 9/11 attacks? When did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How many meters tall is One World Trade Center? In what year did the World Trade Center PATH station open? How many terrorists were involved in the 9/11 attacks? What plane did 9/11 terrorists piloted? When did the protests in Zuccotti Park begin? Where did the October 17, 2011 protests take place? In what part of the United States is Zuccotti Park located? In what district of Lower Manhattan is Zuccotti Park located? When did the protests in Zuccotti Park begin? Who founded The National Review? When was The National Review founded? Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 2016? What political party is Donald Trump? In what part of the US is New York City located? In what part of New York State is New York City located? New York City is halfway between Washington D.C. and what city? The Hudson River feeds into what ocean? The location at the mouth of what river has helped Southampton grow as a trading port? The location at the mouth of what river has helped Southampton grow in significance as a trading port? The Hudson River feeds into what ocean? What are the three main islands of New York City? The Hudson River separates New York City from which US state? Which river separates Manhattan from the Bronx? Which river is the only fresh water river in the city? The Hudson River flows through the Hudson Valley into what bay? The Hudson River is located between New York City and what other city? The Hudson River separates New York City from which US state? What is the only entirely fresh water river in the city? What river separates Manhattan from the Bronx? What was the name of the development that occurred in the 1970s and 1980s? What is the total area of Bern? How many square miles of land is water? How many square miles of land is land? What is the name of the highest point on Staten Island? On what island is Todt Hill located? What is the total area of Bern? How many square miles of land is water? How many square miles of land is land? What is the name of the highest point on Staten Island? How many feet above sea level is Todt Hill? What is the oldest building in Brooklyn? Where is the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House located? What is the most expensive office tower in the world? Where is Ground Zero located? The Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House dates back to what year? What is the most expensive office tower in the world? How many high-rise buildings were in New York City in 2011? New York City is second only to what city in terms of tall buildings? How many completed structures in New York City were at least 330 feet high in 2011? When was the Woolworth Building built? How many completed skyscrapers in 2011 were over 656 feet tall? New York City is second only to what city in terms of tall buildings? How many completed structures in New York City were at least 330 feet high in 2011? When was the Empire State Building built? What architectural style was the Chrysler Building in 1930? The eagles are on the corners of which floor of the Chrysler Building? What is an example of the international style of architecture in the United States? The Condé Nast Building has received an award from what organization? What type of bird is found at the corners of the 61st floor of the Chrysler Building? When was the Empire State Building built? When was the Art Deco style of the Chrysler Building? Where is Riverdale located? Where is Ditmas Park located? Where is Douglaston located? When did the rapid expansion of New York's residential districts begin? Along with the Tudor Revival, what architectural style is common in Douglaston? Along with townhouses and shabby tenements, what type of buildings are often seen in New York's residential districts? The construction of wood frame houses was limited in the aftermath of what event? In the 1800s, how many stories were buildings required to be installed on buildings higher than? In what neighborhood did garden apartments become popular in the 1920s? What materials became the city's building materials after the Great Fire of 1835? What is a distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings? When did the US Geological Survey release an updated analysis of seismic hazard? How many boroughs are in the US? How many boroughs of New York City are there? What are the four boroughs? What type of climate does New York City have? How many days in a year does Tucson get at least some sunshine? How many hours of sunshine does Tucson get per year? What type of climate is Dfa? What is the coldest month in the Köppen climate classification? What type of climate does New York City have? How many days in a year does Tucson get at least some sunshine? What USDA Plant Hardiness zone does Tucson fall under? The Atlantic and partial shielding from colder air by what mountains keep the city warmer? What is the average daily mean temperature in January? What is the average humidity level in July? On average, how many days a year do temperatures exceed 90 degrees Celsius on the island? On what date did temperatures reach 106 degrees Celsius? What was the record high temperature in degrees Celsius on July 9, 1936? In what year did extreme temperatures reach −15 degrees Celsius? In what year did temperatures reach 106 degrees Celsius? How many millimeters of precipitation does Tucson get each year? What is the average amount of centimeters of snowfall between 1981 and 2010? When did Hurricane Sandy hit New York City? How many inches of precipitation does Tucson receive each year? What brought a destructive storm surge to New York City in October of 2012? What is the average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010? What is the name of the department that oversees New York's park system? What is the name of the state office that oversees New York's parks? What organization operates New York's park system? What city had the second-best park system in 2013? The Trust for Public Land ranked the park system in which city as the second best? What city had the second-best park system in 2013? How many ha is the Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres of salt marsh, islands, and water are in the Gateway National Recreation Area? Along with Jacob Riis Park, what other park is included in the western Rockaway Peninsula? Along with Fort Tilden, what park is in the western Rockaway Peninsula? What is the name of the bay in the Gateway National Recreation Area? How many acres is Gateway National Recreation Area? Who manages the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? What does General Grant National Memorial mean? Where is the Stonewall Inn located? What movement was the Stonewall Inn a catalyst for? Who manages the Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum? The Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum are located in what state? The Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum are located in what state? What establishment in Greenwich Village was the catalyst for the modern gay rights movement? What does General Grant National Memorial mean? How many state parks are in New York City? How many acres is Riverbank State Park? How many meters high is Riverbank State Park? How many state parks are in New York City? How tall is Riverbank State Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in Southampton? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? How many acres of municipal parkland does New York City have? How many miles of public beaches are in New York City? What is the largest municipal park in Southampton? How many acres is Pelham Bay Park? What is the name of the US military's only active duty installation in New York City? When was the Battery in Brooklyn established? In what city is the Battery forts located? What division of the US Army Corps of Engineers is based at Fort Hamilton? Along with the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron and a military entrance processing station, what brigade is housed in the building? What is the name of the US military's only active duty installation in New York City? When was the Battery in Brooklyn established? In what city is the Battery forts located? Where is Fort Totten located? What was the population of New York City in 2014? What is the second most populous U.S. city? What was the population of New York City between April 2010 and July 2014? What percentage of New York State's population is located in New York City? What percentage of New York State's population is located in New York City? What was the population of New York City in 2014? What is the second most populous U.S. city? What percentage of New York State's population is located in New York City? What was the population density of Atlantic City in 2014? What is the population density of Manhattan per square kilometer? What county is adjacent to New Jersey? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? What percentage of the city's population in 2010 was black? What was the fastest growing segment of the city between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of Charleston's population is Asian? How many non-Hispanic white people were there in 2010? What percentage of the city's population was white in 2010? The black population declined for the first time since what war? What was the fastest growing segment of the city between 2000 and 2010? What percentage of the city's population in 2010 was black? How many European immigrants arrived at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? On which side of the city was the term "melting pot" first coined? Who was the largest immigrant group in 1900? What percentage of the city's population was white in 1940? Along with Jews and Italians, what was the second largest immigrant group in 1900? How many European immigrants were sent to Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924? How many European immigrants were sent to Ellis Island between 1924 and 1924? What percentage of the city's population is foreign born? What country had the largest number of foreign-born people in the city in 2011? How many Bangladeshi immigrants lived in Southampton in 2013? Along with the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Guyana, Jamaica, Ecuador, Haiti, India, Russia, and Trinidad and Tobago, what country has the largest immigrant population in Southampton? What percentage of the city's population is foreign born? What borough has the largest Asian American population in the US? Where is Chinatown located? What percentage of New York City was Chinese in 2012? What borough has the largest Asian American population in the US? What percentage of the population is Japanese? How many non-Hispanic white people lived in New York in 2012? How many non-Hispanic white people lived in Houston in 2012? How many Polish Americans were there in 2012? How many non-Hispanic white people lived in Chicago in 2012? Where are Albanian Americans most concentrated? How many non-Hispanic white people lived in New York in 2012? How many people live in the wider New York City metropolitan area? How many Jews lived in the region in 2012? What percentage of Indian Americans live in the NYC metropolitan area? How many Hispanic people live in NYC? How many Chinatowns are in NYC? How many Puerto Ricans lived in New York City in 2013? Along with Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago, what country was a top source for legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? Along with Ghana and Nigeria, what country was a top source for legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? Along with Honduras and Guatemala, what Central American country was a top source for legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? What country was the top source for legal immigrants to New York City in 2013? What is the estimated population of the self-identifying gay and bisexual community? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many days did it take for same-sex marriages to occur in New York? What is the estimated population of the self-identifying gay and bisexual community? When were same-sex marriages legalized in New York? How many days did it take for same-sex marriages to occur in New York? What percentage of New York's population is Christian? What percentage of New York's population is Catholic? How many Jews lived in New York City in 2014? In what part of New York City did over half of Jews live in 2014? What religion ranks third in New York City? What religion is the most prevalently practiced in New York City? What is the second most prevalently practiced religion in New York City? In what part of New York City did over half of Jews live in 2014? In 2014, what percentage of people had no organized religious affiliation? What religion ranks third in New York City? What is the Gini Coefficient for the city? What city has a higher rate of income disparity? Who was the mayor of New York in 2013? What percentage of New York residents were millionaires in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What was the average weekly wage in New York County in 2014? What city has a high degree of income disparity? What is the metonym for New York's broad-spectrum high technology sphere? Who published the first Global Economic Power Index? In what year did the Port of New York and New Jersey record cargo volume? In what year did New York City first appear on the Global Economic Power Index? How many private sector jobs in Cork are held by foreign companies? The ability to attract foreign investment helped New York City top what American Cities of the Future ranking? What was the total value of all New York City property assessed for the 2015 fiscal year? What was the value of the Time Warner Center in 2006? What was the sale price of 450 Park Avenue? How much did the sale of 660 Madison Avenue cost per square meter? In 2014, how many of the top ten Zip codes were in Manhattan? What is the name of the property with the highest-listed market value in Melbourne? What was the June 2007 sale of? What is another name for New York City's top global center for the advertising industry? How many employees does the fashion industry employ? How much in annual wages does the fashion industry provide? What global advertising agency is based in Manhattan? How many employees does the fashion industry employ? What are the names of the global advertising agencies? How many people work in the food processing industry? How much money is processed food in the US? What city has seen a resurgence in garment production? How much money does chocolate export each year? Where is the Chocolate District located? Godiva is headquartered in what city? What is New York City's leading specialty food export? What is New York City's leading specialty food export? What is one of the world's largest chocolatiers? How many jobs were there in August 2013? What percentage of the city's private sector jobs were held by the securities industry in 2012? How much of the city's tax revenue came from the securities industry in 2012? What is the average salary in Nanjing? What percentage of the city's total wages are held by the securities industry? What industry has the largest amount of jobs in Nanjing? On what street is the New York Stock Exchange located? Where is the NASDAQ located? What was the amount of investment banking fees on Wall Street in 2012? What percentage of New York State's tax revenue was generated by the securities industry in 2013-14? What organization did NYSE Euronext take over administration of the London interbank offered rate? On what street is the New York Stock Exchange located? Where is the NASDAQ located? How many square meters of office space did Manhattan contain in 2015? How many million square feet of office space did Midtown Manhattan contain in 2015? How much office space did Manhattan contain in 2015? Where is Silicon Alley located? Where is the headquarters of Verizon Communications located? How much did the fiberoptic upgrade in 2014 cost? How many employees did New York City have in 2014? How many employees did New York City have in 2014? Along with Cornell University, what other university did Bloomberg choose? How much did the Cornell Tech project cost? Where is Cornell Tech located? How much had Accelerator raised by mid-2014? How many square meters is the Alexandria Center for Life Science? What is the name of the graduate school of applied sciences being built on Roosevelt Island? How many tourists visited New York City in 2011? How many tourists visited New York City in 2013? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? Tourism generated an all-time high of how much in overall economic impact for New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2014? How many tourists visited New York City in 2013? What is the name of the logo and song that are the basis of an advertising campaign in New York City? When did the song "I Love New York" first appear? Who owns the trademarked logo? What is the name of the logo and song that are the basis of an advertising campaign in New York City? When did the song "I Love New York" first appear? What is the name of the logo and song that are the basis of an advertising campaign in New York City? Where is the Halloween Parade held? What Macy's holiday parade is held on Thanksgiving Day? Where is the St. Patrick's Day parade held? Where are free performances in Central Park held? Where is the Unisphere located? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? What was the percentage increase in hotel rooms in Manhattan between 2013 and 2014? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York in 2014? How much did Anbang Insurance Group pay for the Waldorf Astoria New York? What was the name of the world's most expensive hotel? How many hotel rooms did Manhattan have at the end of 2014? Who purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York in 2014? How much did Anbang Insurance Group pay for the Waldorf Astoria New York? About how many feature films are produced annually in New York City? Approximately how many individuals work in New York City? How much in direct expenditures did New York City generate in 2012? What city did New York pass as the top North American city for filming for television pilots? Along with Warner Music Group, what major record label is headquartered in New York? What city is the largest media market in North America? How many of the world's top eight global advertising agency networks have their headquarters in New York? How many people work in the publishing industry? Which newspaper has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism? What is the name of the major newspaper in the United States? When was the New York Daily News founded? Who founded The New York Post? How many newspapers and consumer magazines have an office in Cork? How many consumer magazines have an office in Cork? About how many newspapers and consumer magazines have an office in Cork? What are the names of the two New York papers that have won the most Pulitzer Prizes? When was the New York Daily News founded? Along with ABC, what major American broadcast network is headquartered in New York City? What is the name of the public broadcast service of the City of New York? What cable network is based in New York City? Along with MTV and Comedy Central, what major cable network is based in New York City? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the US? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the city's major public television station? What is the name of the public radio station owned by the city until 1997? When did WNYC stop being owned by the city? What is the oldest public-access television channel in the US? When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network founded? What is the name of the public radio station owned by the city until 1997? Who manages the New York City Public Schools? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many separate primary and secondary schools are there in NYC? How many specialized high schools are in Detroit? How many students are in the New York City Public Schools system? How many specialized high schools are in Detroit? What organization assists with the setup of new charter schools? How many privately run secular and religious schools are in the city? How many students were enrolled in the CUNY system in 2014? How many Manhattan residents were college graduates in 2005? In 2005, how many Manhattan residents had a postgraduate degree? How many institutions are in the CUNY system? Approximately how many students are enrolled in NYC's 120 higher education institutions? What has the largest collection of any public library system in the US? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What is the nation's second largest public library system? What library serves Brooklyn? Along with the Bronx and Staten Island, what boroughs does the New York Public Library serve? What does HHC stand for? How many acute care hospitals does HHC operate? What is the annual revenues of HHC? How many patients does HHC serve? How many uninsured city residents are served by HHC? In what year was HHC created? How many nursing homes does HCP operate? What is the name of the oldest public hospital in the U.S.? Who is the president of HHC? What is the name of the oldest public hospital in the U.S.? What is the name of the oldest public hospital in the U.S.? Who is the president of HHC? In what state is the HHC based? What was Raju's previous position with the Cook County Health System? How many sworn officers are there on the NYCPD? What is the nickname given to the members of the NYC police? What is the largest police force in the US? How many sworn officers are there on the NYCPD? What is the nickname given to the members of the NYC police? How many murders did New York have in 2014? How much did violent crime in New York City decrease from 1993 to 2005? What city had a similar crime rate to New York City in 2002? In what year did the city record fewer than 500 homicides? How many murders did New York have in 2014? What percentage of shooting victims in New York City were black or Hispanic in 2010? Name the two groups that organized organized crime in New York City in the 1820s. What family dominated the Mafia in the 20th century? Where were the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards located in the 1820s? What is an example of a gang in the 20th century? What is the second largest fire department in the world? What does FDNY stand for? What is the FDNY motto? What does FDNY stand for? What city has the largest fire department in the world? How many uniformed firefighters work for the FDNY? How many uniformed EMTs and paramedics are there in the FDNY? What is the FDNY motto? New York has one of the largest what in the world? Large parks and wooded areas give rise to what type of fires? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? On what island is the FDNY Fire Academy located? In what city is the FDNY headquarters located? Where is the FDNY headquarters located? In what city is the FDNY headquarters located? On what island is the FDNY Fire Academy located? Where is the Manhattan/Citywide Fire Communications office located? In what decade was jazz popular in Atlantic City? When was hip hop born? What was the name of the major American cultural movement? What type of music was Detroit known for in the 1940s? What type of art was popular in the 1950s? The city was the birthplace of what in the 1970s? What city is considered the dance capital of the world? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What is abstract expressionism also known as? What is one of the world's preeminent fashion events? What organization ranks New York as the world's fashion capital? In what decade did the Broadway musical begin to take off? Approximately how many art galleries are in New York City? On what street did the Broadway musical begin? Along with Hart and Cohan, who was a notable composer influenced by Detroit? How many arts and cultural organizations does New York City have? What led to elaborate theater productions in the 1880s? What was the attendance for the 2013-2014 season? What is another name for Broadway? How much money did Broadway sell in the 2013-2014 season? What was the percentage increase in Broadway ticket sales between 2012 and 2014? What was the attendance for the 2013-2014 season? What was the attendance for the 2012-2013 season? How many restaurants are there in NYC? How many mobile food vendors are licensed by the city? How many restaurants are there in NYC? Who assigns letter grades to the city's restaurants? How many haute cuisine restaurants are in Paris? When was the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What are the names of the four most expensive stadiums built worldwide? What are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world? When was the Brooklyn Dodgers born? What league is located in New York City? How many professional leagues does the New York metropolitan area have? How many major professional teams have played in Southampton? New York has been described as the "Capital of what? How many times have New York teams won the World Series? New York has been described as the "Capital of what? How many baseball teams does Los Angeles have? How many times have New York teams won the World Series? How many pennants have been won by New York teams? How many baseball teams does Los Angeles have? How many times have two New York City teams played in a World Series? What is it called when two New York City teams play each other? What is the name of the stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey? In what year was Super Bowl XLVIII played? What NFL team is based in New York? What is the name of the stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey? Where is MetLife Stadium located? What Super Bowl did the New York Giants host in 2014? In what year was Super Bowl XLVIII played? What teams represent the city in the National Hockey League? What city do the New Jersey Devils play in? Where do the New Jersey Devils play? The New York Islanders and the New York Rangers belong to what league? What team represents the city in the National Hockey League? What are the names of the city's National Basketball Association teams? What is the name of the city's women's national basketball team? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held? What is the name of the city's women's national basketball team? What is the name of the first national college-level basketball championship? When was the first national college-level basketball championship held? What is the name of the city's National Basketball Association team? What city is the National Tennis Center located in? What is the Wanamaker Mile track and field meet called? What is the name of the last Triple Crown race held in Belmont Park? In what years did the PGA Championships take place in Atlantic City? Where are the amateur boxing Golden Gloves held? What city is the National Tennis Center located in? What is one of the world's four Grand Slam tennis tournaments? How many finishers were in the 2006 New York Marathon? What is the Wanamaker Mile track and field meet called? Where are the amateur boxing Golden Gloves held? What street version of baseball was popularized by youths in the 1930s? What street was renamed in the Bronx in the late 2000s to memorialize Stickball? In what city was Stickball Boulevard named? What is the largest transit system in the world? How many stations are in the NYC subway system? What is another name for Grand Central Terminal? How many passengers used the New York City Subway in 2014? What is another name for Grand Central Terminal? What is the average commute time for New York City residents? What percentage of New York residents commute to work using mass transit? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What percentage of New York residents commute to work using mass transit? What percentage of commuters in the U.S. drive their cars to work? What is the average commute time for New York City residents? What percentage of Manhattanites don't own a car? What percentage of Manhattanites own a car? What is the name of the main intercity bus terminal in NYC? How many buses does the Port Authority Bus Terminal serve? How many people use the Port Authority Bus Terminal each day? What is the name of the main intercity bus terminal in NYC? What are the three busiest airports in the NYC metropolitan area? What is the name of the busiest airport in the New York metropolitan area? What is the name of the busiest airport in the NYC metropolitan area? Stewart International Airport is near what city? How many travelers used these three airports in 2012? What is the world's busiest ferry route? How many hours a day does the Staten Island Ferry run? How many kilometers long is the Staten Island Ferry? Along with Manhattan, between Staten Island and Lower Manhattan, what city does the ferry travel between? How many passengers travel on the Staten Island Ferry each day? What is the busiest motor vehicle bridge in the world? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is an icon of the city? When did the bridge open? What is the busiest motor vehicle bridge in the world? The George Washington Bridge connects Manhattan to what county? What is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas? What is the architectural style of the Brooklyn Bridge? When did the bridge open? What is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world? When did the Holland Tunnel open? When was the Queens-Midtown Tunnel completed? Who was the first person to drive through the Mississippi River? How many vehicles travel through the Lincoln Tunnel each day? Under what river is the Lincoln Tunnel located? What Island is linked to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey by several tunnels? The Holland Tunnel connects Lower Manhattan to what city? Which president was the first person to drive through the Mississippi River? How many daily cyclists use New York's public transit system? How many daily cyclists use New York's public transit system? How much of all modes of travel are walk and bicycle? What bank sponsored the introduction of 10,000 public bicycles in 2013? What university conducted research on New York's initiative? What organization named New York City the most walkable large city in the US? What watershed provides New York City with drinking water? What watershed provides New York City with drinking water? How much is the Croton Watershed water purification plant projected to cost? How many gallons of water is being purged daily by the Croton Watershed plant? What percentage of the city's water supply is coming from the Croton Watershed? In which direction of the city is the Croton Watershed located? How many members are on the City Council? How many consecutive-term limit can a circuit board resume after four years? How many terms are the mayor and council members elected for? How many members are on the City Council? How many consecutive-term limit can a circuit board resume after four years? What is the name of the official journal of New York City? How many terms are the mayor and council members elected for? What political party do 67% of registered voters in Richmond belong to? What percentage of registered voters in Richmond are Democrats? Who was the first Democratic presidential candidate to win more than 80% of the vote in New York City? In what year did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? Who was the president of the United States in 1924? What party holds the majority of public offices? What percentage of registered voters in Richmond are Democrats? In what year did Calvin Coolidge win the five boroughs? How many boroughs did Coolidge win in 1924? What party has won the boroughs since Calvin Coolidge was president? How many licensed physicians were practicing in New York City in 2012? Where is the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology venture located? How many Nobel laureates have roots in New York City? How many admissions does HHC provide each year? How many emergency room visits does HHC provide each year? How many emergency room visits does HHC provide to New York each year? HHC facilities treat what percentage of general hospital discharges? What percentage of emergency room and hospital-based clinic visits in New York City are performed by HHC facilities? What chemical can lower intelligence and increase aggression levels? What epidemic did some cite the end of? Who said that culture seemed to be in the air? What library showcased a collection of essays titled New York, culture capital of the world? What college is located in New York City? Along with Latvia, what country has the diplomatic consulates in New York City? In what city is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located? On what side of Manhattan is Lincoln Center located? Where is the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute located? Where is Tisch School of the Arts located? Where is the SummerStage located? Museum Mile is the name for a section of which Avenue? In what city is Museum Mile located? When was the Guggenheim constructed? When did the Museum at 110th Street open? On which side of Manhattan is Museum Mile located? What is another name for the New York dialect? What was the name of Archie Bunker's 1970s sitcom? Who played Archie Bunker? What is the traditional New York area accent called? What Major League Soccer team is based in New York City? Where do the New York City FC play their home games? Where is Red Bull Arena located? Who is one of the world's most famous soccer players? What is the name of the university where the Cosmos play? How many of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area? How many rail lines are in the combined system? How many stations are in the combined system? What airport does the elevated AirTrain people mover system connect to? Along with Grand Central Terminal and Pennsylvania Station, what station contains more than 250 rail lines? Where is Pennsylvania Station located? How many of the six rapid transit systems in the world are located in New York City? What is the name of the train line serving Philadelphia? What is the name of the other transit system that operates 24 hours a day? What is the name of the PATH train? What is the name of the multibillion US$ heavy-rail transit project in New York City? How many yellow taxicabs are there in NYC? The aerial tramway connects Roosevelt Island to what other island? Broadway, Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and Seventh Avenue are examples of metonyms for what national industry? Along with advertising and fashion organizations, what is a notable metonym for the theater? Broadway, Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and Seventh Avenue are examples of metonyms for what national industry? Broadway, Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and what other avenue are metonyms for national industries? During what time of day are traffic jams common? In what part of Connecticut does New York City's expressways connect to Connecticut? What part of New Jersey does New York City's expressways connect to? Brooklyn and Queens are located on what larger island? Where are Queens and Brooklyn located on Long Island? Along with Manhattan and Long Island, what boroughs are coterminous with islands of the same name? The Triborough Bridge is an example of what type of bridge? The Queensboro Bridge is an important piece of what kind of architecture? How many hybrid taxis were in NYC in 2010? How much of New York's taxi fleet is clean diesel vehicles? What percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions has de Blasio committed to? What is a notable green office building in New York City? What Supreme Court case forced the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants? How many kilometers long is Newtown Creek? How many m3 of spilled oil was in the Port of New York and New Jersey? What spill was responsible for 30 million gallons of spilled oil? What form of government does New York City have? In what year was New York City consolidated? Brooklyn hosts which Department of the Supreme Court? Where is the First Department of the Supreme Court located? What type of administrative courts are there in California? The District Court for the Southern District of New York is located near City Hall in what borough? What district court is located in Brooklyn? Where is the District Court for the Southern District of New York located? What district court is located in Brooklyn? The District Court for the Southern District of New York is located near City Hall in what borough? What is one of the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions? What was the top ZIP code on the Upper East Side? How many cents does the government receive for every $1 it sends to the federal government? How much money does New York send to New York each year? How much money does the government send to the federal government each year? What was the Sister City Program of the City of New York renamed in 2006? In what year was the Sister City Program of the City of New York renamed New York City Global Partners? In what year was To Kill a Mockingbird published? What major award did The Times win? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? Who wrote 'To Kill a Mockingbird'? In what year was To Kill a Mockingbird published? Who did the author base her characters on? In what country is the book widely taught? What genre is To Kill a Mockingbird? What are the main themes of To Kill a Mockingbird? Lee addresses issues of class, courage, compassion and gender roles in what part of the country? To Kill a Mockingbird has been challenged for its use of what? Who said 'To Kill a Mockingbird' was an astonishing phenomenon? In what year did librarians rank the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die"? In what year was 'The Truman Show' adapted into an Oscar-winning film? Since what year has a play based on the novel been performed in Monroeville? Who adapted 'The Truman Show' into a 1962 film? What book did British librarians rank ahead of The Bible as one "every adult should read before they die"? Who wrote the script for 'The Truman Show'? Who adapted 'The Truman Show' into a 1962 film? Where is Harper Lee based? When did Lee die? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? When was Go Set a Watchman published? When did Lee die? What famous writer did Harper Lee become friends with? When did Lee move to New York City? What was Lee's job title before moving to NYC? In what state is Monroeville located? When was Harper Lee born? What famous writer did Harper Lee become friends with? What college did Von Neumann attend? Where did Von Neumann study law? Who bought the manuscript? What was the name of the first draft of The Phantom of the Opera? What was Therese von Hohoff Torrey's professionally known name? Who wrote the first draft of Go Set a Watchman? What was Lee's mother suffering from? What was Atticus father's profession? Who was Atticus's father? When was the book published? How long did it take to write To Kill a Mockingbird? Who chose the book for reprint instead of a quick and merciful death? Where is the fictional town of Maycomb County? How many years did the Great Depression last? How many summers of friendship did Dill, Scout, and Jem have? What is the name of the boy who visits Maycomb every summer? Where is the fictional town of Maycomb County? What was the name of the Depression that took place in 1933-35? Who is the main character in 'The Wire'? Who was Tom Robinson accused of raping? Who did Judge Taylor appoint Atticus to defend? Who shame the mob into dispersing? Atticus does not want who to be present at Tom Robinson's trial? Where do you watch from? Where do the invited guests watch from? What happens to Tom when he tries to escape prison? Who are the defenseless? What is the dark night after school? Who does Scout realize he is? Who was humiliated by Tom's conviction? Who does Scout realize he is? Who arrives and discovers that Bob Ewell died? What did Ewell do? What type of book is 'To Kill A Mockingbird'? In what year did Amasa Coleman Lee defend two black men accused of murder? How old was Lee when she was born? What roles did Lee's father hold in the Monroeville newspaper? Where did Dill live in the summer? In what year did Capote and Lee travel to Kansas? What was the name of the novel written by Capote and Lee? Who was Dill's childhood friend? What kind of typewriter did Lee's father give them? What did Capote call Popper and Irving? How old was Lee when he accused Walter Lett of rape? Who did a white woman accuse of rape when she was 10? Who was murdered for flirting with a white woman? What movement was Emmett Till a catalyst for? What did Lee say the Scottsboro case served the same purpose as? Who was murdered for flirting with a white woman? What are used to describe Lee's mocking of education? What does Lee use effectively to address complex issues? Where is a Sunday school classmate locked? Who is Tom Robinson's housekeeper? Why does Elizabeth prefer to go home in her ham costume? What costume saves Avicenna's life? What are the two types of books that To Kill a Mockingbird is considered to be? Along with coming-of-age and Bildungsroman, what genre is To Kill a Mockingbird considered to be? Who does Scout admire as an authority above all others? Who is the neighbor of Lem and his wife? What does he struggle with understanding? When was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? What was To Kill a Mockingbird primarily concerned with? What race of females were the accused accused of having sexual intercourse with? How many times was Tom shot? What was the punishment for a black male for having sexual contact with white females? Who juried Tom Robinson's trial? How many times was Tom shot? Atticus must shoot what animal even though it is not his job to do so? What must Atticus do without help from others? Who is Walter Cunningham's black cook? Who is Atticus's sister? Who is Scout's poorer classmate? What is the name of the author of South Alabama? What value did Austen and Lee value over social standing? What race did Lee ascribe racial prejudice primarily to? What issues intensify prejudice, silence voices that might challenge the existing order? What does Atticus' admonition help children gain a greater understanding of? Atticus has an addiction to what substance? Who does Scout fight students who insult? The novel has been noted for its poignant exploration of different forms of what? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? Who wrote the only book-length biography of Harper Lee? What lessons remain fundamental and universal? Who is the person that Elizabeth ponders when listening to? What feminine influences did Lee balance Atticus and Jem with? What feminine influences did Lee balance Atticus and Jem with? Who chastises Scout for not wearing a dress and camisole? What type of woman is Jean Louise? Who molested his daughter? Who is one of the fathers described as abusers? Who was exiled by society for taking a black woman as his common-law wife? What profession did Charles Lamb claim were children once? What type of clothing does Elizabeth refuse to wear? What is the name of the birds that appear throughout the novel? What is Lee's family's last name? What is the titular motif of this theme? What is the titular motif of this theme? What is the titular motif of this theme? To kill a mockingbird is to kill what? The book became widely available through its inclusion in what club? The book became widely available through its inclusion in what club? How many languages had To Kill a Mockingbird been translated into? How many languages has the film been translated into? How many copies has the album sold in the years since it was released? How many copies has the album sold in the years since it was released? In how many languages has the film been translated? What was the name of the book published by Mary McDonagh Murphy? Who is Harper's sister? What was the name of the book published by Mary McDonagh Murphy? What profession did Atticus Finch become? Atticus Finch's model of what is important for the legal profession? In what year did the Alabama State Bar erect a monument to Atticus? Who erected a monument to Atticus in 1997? What kind of membership did Lee receive in the Alabama State Bar? When was To Kill a Mockingbird first used as a classroom topic? How many of the 100 most frequently challenged books were To Kill a Mockingbird on the list? When was To Kill a Mockingbird first used as a classroom topic? How many of the 100 most frequently challenged books were To Kill a Mockingbird on the list? In what year was the book challenged in Hanover, Virginia? What was a plot device that a parent objected to being used in the book? Who did the letters express the most outrage about? Which of the books received the most complaints from private organizations? What movement did the novel help inspire in the 1960s? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? What book is popularly implicated in starting the U.S. Civil War? What was the name of Capote's biological father? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who was Lee's older sister? Who was Lee's childhood friend? Who is Lee related to at Lippincott? In what year was 'To Kill a Mockingbird' published? How many weeks did To Kill a Mockingbird stay on the bestseller list? In what year was the Paperback of the Year award given out? In what year did Lee begin turning down interviews? What award did To Kill a Mockingbird win in 1961? In what year did Lee begin turning down interviews? In what year was Lee inducted into the Alabama Academy of Honor? How many communities selected the novel for variations of the citywide reading program? What city is Richard M. Daley mayor of? What city is Richard M. Daley mayor of? How many communities selected the novel for variations of the citywide reading program? What university did Lee receive an honorary doctorate from? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? In what year was Lee awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom? What university did Lee receive an honorary doctorate from? Who awarded Lee the Presidential Medal of Freedom? In what year was Atticus Finch made into a film? Who starred in Atticus Finch's 1962 film? Who starred in Atticus Finch's 1962 film? What did Lee give to Peck after his father died? Who was named "Harper"? What did Lee give to Peck after his father died? Who was named "Harper"? When did Lee make an appearance at the Los Angeles Public Library? How did Veronique describe Lee? Who adapted the book into a play? What year did "The Literary Capital of Alabama" debut? What town is known as "The Literary Capital of Alabama"? Who makes up the cast of the play? What is the audience like at the Monroe County Courthouse? Sergel's play toured in what country? Where did Atticus Finch open in 2013? Who played Atticus Finch in Sergio's 2011 play? When was Go Set a Watchman released? When was the final draft of To Kill a Mockingbird completed? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird were released? Who discovered the Watchman manuscript? What was the name of the earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird? When was the final draft of To Kill a Mockingbird completed? How many copies of To Kill a Mockingbird were released? What serious issues does the novel deal with? Who is the narrator's father? What is Lee's talent for? What narrative technique does Lee use to play with perspectives? According to To Kill a Mockingbird, who is Christian in its ethic? Where do the children feel safety and comfort? What was Lee's book categorized as? What is Scout's definition of people with good sense? Which part of the world is more driven by tradition and taboos? Who is the chief example among several innocents destroyed carelessly or deliberately throughout the novel? Who does Metress believe the mockingbird is related to? How did Atticus treat Scout? What type of tragedy does R.A. Dave say The Twilight Zone takes on elements of? Who noted the even-handed approach to narration of the novel? Who called the book melodramatic and contrived? Who said "I think for a child's book it does all right"? Who wrote about racism as an inevitability? Who did Rosemary Goring note parallels between Lee and? Which Native Alabamian criticized Lee's work? Who wrote that justice is complicated but must always be founded upon the notion of equality and fairness for all? Who is an updated version of the "contented slave"? Who found the movie "demoralizing"? Michael Lind's critique of the novel is that it demonizes whom? What does Diane McWhorter believe every child in the South is faced with? How did McWhorter describe Lee's writing? How do people quote lines from Monroeville? What do local residents call Lee's groupies? From where is solar energy derived? What is radiant light and heat from the sun harnessed using? What technologies are being used to harness solar energy? What is solar energy? How many terawatts of incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? What percentage of reflected energy is reflected back to space? What is the average per kilowatt per day per person per day? How many terawatts of incoming solar radiation does the Earth receive? How much of the reflected energy is reflected back to space? What are the insolation levels most people live in? What absorbs about 30% of the reflected energy? What percentage of the globe is covered by oceans? What is the average temperature of the surface of Neptune? By what process do green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? What percentage of the globe is covered by oceans? What causes atmospheric circulation or convection? When does water vapor condense? What effect does the latent heat of water condensation have on convection? By what process do green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy? What is the amount of solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses per year? In 2002, the world used more energy in one hour than it used in what year? How many eJ does photosynthesis capture per year? In 2002, the world used more energy in one hour than it used in what year? What is the total amount of solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses? How many eJ does photosynthesis capture per year? The amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planet is twice as much as will ever be obtained from all of the Earth's non-renewable resources? Where do all renewable energy derive their energy from? What are solar technologies broadly characterized as? How are solar technologies broadly characterized? What are the only two renewable energy sources that derive their energy from the sun? What kind of way do you describe a relationship? What type of solar techniques use photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, solar thermal collectors, pumps and fans to convert sunlight into useful outputs? What type of solar technique involves selecting materials with favorable thermal properties? Along with pumps and fans, what is an active solar technique that converts sunlight into useful outputs? What is one of passive solar techniques? What do passive solar technologies do? What do passive solar technologies do? Who invented the demonstration solar engine? When did Shuman form the Sun Power Company? In what year was the entire solar engine system patented? What was Frank Shuman's career? In what year did Frank Shuman invent his solar engine? What kind of engine is a steam engine? When did Shuman form the Sun Power Company? In what year was the entire solar engine system patented? Where was the world's first solar thermal power station built? How many litres of water did the parabolic troughs pump per minute? When was Shuman's vision and basic design resurrected? Where was the world's first solar thermal power station built? What diduman's plant use to power its 45-52 kilowatts engine? On what river did the water flow to the cotton fields? What two events in the 1930s discouraged the advancement of solar energy? When was Shuman's vision and basic design resurrected? What percentage of domestic hot water use is provided by solar heating systems in low latitudes? What do solar hot water systems use to heat water? What percentage of domestic hot water is provided by solar heating systems in low latitudes? What is the most common type of solar water heaters? What is the most common type of solar water heaters? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems? Which countries are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems? What is the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems? Who is the world leader in their deployment? What percentage of homes in Israel use solar hot water systems? What countries use heating swimming pools? HVAC systems account for what percentage of energy used in commercial buildings? What percentage of energy is used in HVAC systems in the United States? HVAC systems account for what percentage of energy used in residential buildings? What can be used to offset a portion of energy? What type of mass is any material that can be used to store heat? What is thermal mass? What are common thermal mass materials? How are buildings kept cool in arid climates? In what type of climate has solar energy been used? When properly incorporated, thermal mass reduces the need for what? What is a solar chimney? What is a solar chimney? What is a solar chimney composed of? How can performance be improved? What season do bare limbs allow light to pass through during? What has been promoted as a means of controlling solar heating and cooling? How much solar radiation do leafless trees absorb? Why are deciduous trees not planted on the Equator facing side of a building? On which side of the sun can they be used? In what year was Horace de Saussure born? What is the maximum temperature a cooker can reach in degrees Celsius? What do solar cookers use sunlight for? What are the three broad categories? Who built the simplest solar cooker? What is the typical range of temperatures that can be used with partially sunny skies? What type of light do cookers need to function properly? How many parabolic dishes were in the first commercial system? Is transpired collectors more or less cost-effective than glazed collection systems? What are some solar concentrating technologies? Where was the first commercial system built? What is one of the oldest applications of solar energy? What dry clothes are evaporation by wind and sunlight without consuming electricity or gas? What are unglazed transpired collectors? When was the first large-scale solar distillation project constructed? What process can be used to make saline or brackish water potable? Who was the first recorded instance of alchemy? When was the first large-scale solar distillation project constructed? How much does the solar plant produce per day? What type of single-slope is still used? What organization recommends the use of household water treatment? What is the range of exposure times? What is water treatment recommended by the World Health Organization? How many people use this method for their daily drinking water? What can algae produce that makes the water unusable? Why might solar energy be used in a water stabilisation pond? What is an environmental benefit of algae growing in ponds? By what year is solar power projected to become the world's largest source of electricity? By what year is solar power projected to become the world's largest source of electricity? Where is the largest solar power plant in the world located? In what year did solar generate less than 1% of the worlds total grid electricity? What is the largest solar power plant in the world? Where is the SEGS CSP installation located? What are the worlds largest photovoltaic plants? Who constructed the first solar cell? When was the crystalline silicon solar cell created? How has photovoltaics changed over the last two decades? What is a solar cell? Who constructed the first solar cell? Who developed the photo cell? Who created the crystalline silicon solar cell? What is heated by the concentrated sunlight? What do Concentrating Solar Power systems use to focus a large area of sunlight? What is concentrated heat used for? What is an example of a concentrating dish? What happens in all of these systems? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What are the most common features of passive solar architecture? What do these features produce when tailored to the local climate and environment? What is a classic example of passive solar design? What are some passive solar equipment that can be used? What does UHI stand for? How many degrees Celsius could the "cool communities" program reduce? What does UHI stand for? What materials absorb the solar light? What is a simple way to counter the UHI effect? What did French and English farmers use to maximize solar energy during the Little Ice Age? What do vinters use the energy generated by solar panels for? Why do agriculture and horticulture seek to optimize the capture of solar energy? What are some techniques that can improve crop yields? What did French and English farmers do to maximize solar energy during the Little Ice Age? What did the walls of the walls do? When were primitive greenhouses first used? When were the first modern greenhouses built in Europe? What do greenhouses do? How does a plant benefit from using solar light? What were primitive greenhouses first used for? Where were the first modern greenhouses built? What is the name of the annual solar-powered car race? What was the 2007 average speed? What is the World Solar Challenge? When was the winner's average speed founded? What was the average speed in 1987? What was the 2007 average speed? What are two comparable competitions that reflect an international interest in the engineering and development of solar powered vehicles? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? When was the first practical solar boat constructed in England? Who made the first solar powered crossing of the Atlantic Ocean? What was the name of the vessel that made the first solar powered crossing of the Atlantic Ocean? What altitude did the Solar Riser reach on its first flight? What is the name of the electric aircraft that circumnavigated the globe? In what year did the AstroFlight Sunrise plane make the first solar flight? When did the Solar Riser make its first flight? When did the Solar Challenger cross the English Channel? Where did Raymond fly in 1990? How long does the aircraft stay airborne? What is an alternative to multielectron catalytic chemistry? What uses solar energy to drive chemical reactions? How can a variety of fuels be produced? What process uses a 1 MW solar furnace to decompose zinc oxide? What does the initial reaction produce? What has been a significant area of solar chemical research since the 1970s? What is one way to split water? What process uses a 1 MW solar furnace to decompose zinc oxide? What does thermal mass systems store solar energy in the form of? What can store solar energy in the form of heat at domestically useful temperatures? What are some materials that thermal storage systems use? What is one benefit of well designed systems? What type of storage media are paraffin wax and Glauber's salt? What was the first house to use a Glauber's salt heating system? What are two examples of phase change materials? What are the approximate domestic useful temperatures? What house was the first to use a Glauber's salt heating system? Why are salts an effective storage medium? How much energy does the Solar Two store in its 68 cubic metres storage tank? What have off-grid PV systems traditionally used to store excess electricity? What have off-grid PV systems traditionally used to store excess electricity? What gives household systems credit for electricity they deliver to the grid? How is this handled? What makes a second meter unnecessary? What does the pump become when demand is high? How does pumped-storage hydroelectricity store energy? How is the energy recovered when demand is high? In what year was the oil embargo lifted? What caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world? What are two incentive programs? What is the current name of the research facilities in the US? What is the name of Japan's research facility? What is the name of the research facility in Germany? When did these heating fuels start to see more use? What has been the growth rate of solar water heating since 1999? When did commercial solar water heaters begin appearing in the US? What caused interest in solar water heating in the 1980s? What has been the growth rate of solar water heating per year since 1999? What is the estimated capacity of solar water heating and cooling? Who said solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? Who said solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces? What does ISO 9050 relate to? What does ISO 10217 relate to? Which ISO relates to glass in building materials? What ISO relates to solar water heaters? What are the two types of solar technologies? Active solar techniques include the use of what? What is one passive solar technique? What was the total world energy consumption in 2012? What was the estimated potential of solar energy in 2000? What makes solar energy a highly appealing source of electricity? Who found the potential of solar energy in 2000? How will energy security increase? What is one of the benefits of reliance on an indigenous resource? What should the additional costs of early deployment be considered? What is one of the benefits of relying on an indigenous resource? What factors limit the amount of solar energy that could be used by humans? Why does geography effect solar energy potential? What can follow the position of the sun? Why does time variation effect solar energy? Why can clouds effect solar panels? Why does land availability have a large effect on solar energy? Why have roofs been found to be suitable for solar cells? What factors were taken into account in the 2000 estimate? What is the global potential for solar energy? What is solar power? How does solar power convert sunlight into electricity? What do CSP systems use to focus a large area of sunlight? What do CSP systems use lenses or mirrors to do? What effect converts light into electric current? What has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history? Who first used advanced solar architecture and urban planning methods? What direction did the Greeks and Chinese oriented their buildings? What is a solar balloon? What happens when sunlight is shone on a balloon? What market is solar balloons limited to? Why is solar balloons limited to the toy market? Why were solar technologies developed in the 1860s? Why did solar technologies stagnate in the 20th century? By what year could photovoltaics, solar hot water and concentrated solar power provide a third of the world's energy? How could the energy from the sun impact the global economy? Which dynasties have ruled the area? What are some of the ancient cultures that ruled in Tajikistan? What ancient city was present in the Neolithic and Bronze Age? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? What years did the civil war last? What are some of the ancient cultures that ruled in Tajikistan? Which dynasties have ruled the area? When did Tajikistan become an independent nation? What years did the civil war last? In what year were Tajiks conscripted into the Soviet Army? How many Tajik fought in World War II? How many of Tajikistan's citizens were killed in World War II? What areas of Tajikistan lagged behind other Soviet republics? How were factions distinguished in civil war? What did the ceasefire guarantee? Who won the 1992 election? Why did more than 500,000 flee during this time? Who were stationed along the Tajik-Afghan border until 2005? Where have French troops been stationed since 9/11? Where is Ayni Air Base located? What is the purpose of the US and U.S. military personnel in Tajikistan? How many Tajik soldiers were killed in an ambush in the Rasht Valley in 2010? In what year will Russia send more troops to Tajikistan? When was the military operation in the Rasht Valley concluded? What concerns did Tajik officials raise in 2010? What is Tajikistan officially? Who is the Prime Minister of Bulgaria? Who are the two Deputy Prime Ministers? When did Emomalii Rahmon become president of Tajikistan? What is the dominant party system in Tajikistan? Are independent press outlets allowed to operate? Is public criticism of the regime tolerated in practice? What happens to direct criticism of the regime? What is blocked by the Institute for War & Peace Reporting? What is the smallest nation in Central Asia by area? What range is covered by mountains? Where is Dushanbe located? Where does it mostly lie? Where are the only major areas of lower land? What is Tajik? What does Tajikistan mean? What does "-stan" mean in English? Why is it difficult to definitively state the origins of the word Tajik? When did the Chinese control Tibet? What group took over from the Chinese in 710? When did the Samanid Empire rule? What was the Samanid Empire's region called? When did the Chinese control Tibet? What group took over from the Chinese in 710? When did the Chinese control Tibet? When did the Samanid Empire rule? What group took over from the Chinese in 710? When did the Samanid Empire rule? What was the Samanid Empire's region called? What was the Samanid Empire's region called? When did the Chinese control Tibet? In what year did the Umayyads control Tibet? Who conquered Transoxania? What empire controlled the Khorasan region from 819 to 999? When did the Russian Empire conquer Central Asia? Who controlled the Tajikistan portion of Russian Turkestan? What was Russia interested in? What happened between 1864 and 1885? Who ruled Tajikistan in 1885? What did the Jadidists establish themselves as? Who viewed the Jadidists as a threat? When were the uprisings against Kokand? Why were Russian soldiers attacked in Khujand? Who waged a war against Bolshevik armies after the Russian Revolution? What was the goal of basmachi? Who won the four year war? What religions did the Soviets try to ban? What republic was created as a part of Uzbekistan in 1924? Where did the rapid expansion of cotton production take place? What happened between 1927 and 1934? What happened to peasants in the Soviet collectivization policy? Who directed the two rounds of purges? How many people were expelled from the Communist Party of Tajikistan? Who were sent in to replace those expelled? What happened to the Russians in Tajikistan between 1926 and 1959? What position did Russians hold in the party? What happened in February 2010? What did the 2005 parliamentary elections cause? What did the OSCE say about the 2010 elections? What did the government say about the violations? Where is Tajikistan located? How many people lived in Tajikistan in 2013? What is the size of Tajikistan? What country borders Tibet on the east? What narrow corridor divides Pakistan to the south? What country borders Tibet on the east? How many people lived in Tajikistan in 2013? What is the total area of Tajikistan? What country borders China on the south? What country borders Tibet on the west? What is the earliest recorded history of the region? The earliest recorded history of the region dates back to 500 BCE when much of Tajikistan was part of what empire? Who took over the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom? Who were the Kushan Empire composed of? When did Arabs bring Islam to the Hephthalite Empire? What group of nomadic tribes moved into the region? What religions were practiced in the Kushan Empire? What was the GDP of Tajikistan in the period 2000-2007? What are the primary sources of income in Tajikistan? What percentage of agricultural output does cotton account for? What state-owned company is the biggest aluminium plant in Central Asia? Who has focused on attracting investment for projects for internal use and electricity exports? What type of potential do the Vakhsh and Panj have? What is the name of the highest dam in the world? What is the name of the planned project? What does 20% of the population live on? What was the amount of remittances from Tajik labour migrants in 2010? How did Tajikistan transition from planned to a market economy? What has been the result of migration from Tajikistan? What type of poppy is raised locally in Tajikistan? How has the fight against drug-trafficking improved? What does Tajikistan hold third place in the world for? UNODC has helped with what? How is the majority of transportation in Tajikistan? What countries has Tajikistan tried to gain access to via Afghanistan? Which three countries signed an agreement in 2009 to improve and build a highway and rail system? In what year did the presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran sign an agreement to construct roads and railways? How many airports did Tajikistan have in 2009? What is the name of the country's main airport? In what country is Dushanbe International Airport located? What is the only airport in the eastern half of the country? What is the population of Tajikistan? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is under the age of 30? What percentage of Tajikistan's population is between 14 and 30? What istan has a population of 7,349,145? What are all citizens of Tajikistan called? Who is considered a distinct linguistically and culturally from most Tajiks? How are the Pamiri different from most Tajiks? Where are the Pamir Mountains located? What school has been recognized by the government since 2009? What does Tajikistan consider itself? What are the names of the two Islamic holidays declared by the government? What percentage of the population of Tajikistan is Muslim? What concerns do mainstream Muslim leaders have? Is there a concern for religious institutions becoming active in politics? Membership in what Islamic party is illegal? What does Hizb ut-Tahrir do? Who must religious communities register with? What does the SCRA require in order to register with it? Religious groups that do not have what are not allowed to gather publicly for prayer? What happens if you fail to register? Has the Tajik government tried to improve health care? How many disabled people are registered in Tajikistan? Public expenditure on health was what percentage of the GDP in 2004? What is the name of the paper that the government of Tajikistan and the World Bank considered activities to support the population described? What is the length of public education in Tajikistan? What does the government plan to implement in 2016? What is the name of the tertiary university in Tajikistan? What was tertiary education enrollment in 2008? Anthropology is the study of what? What is one of anthropology's main subdivisions? What field investigates the influence of language in social life? Along with biological anthropology, what type of anthropology concerns long-term development of the human organism? In what country is archaeology a branch of anthropology? When was the Anthropological Society of Vienna founded? When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded? When was the American Anthropological Association founded? When was the Anthropological Society of Madrid founded? What did Darwin say his conclusions lacked? A proliferation of what kind of societies occurred in the 19th century? What type of anthropological societies were most active in the 19th century? Who belonged to these organizations? How many educational institutions in 13 countries had some degree in anthropology by 1898? How many countries had anthropology curricula in 1898? When were the work of Boas and Malinowski published? What is Margaret Mead's advocacy for? What is the emphasis of social anthropology in the US? What did Boas argue against? What have cultural anthropology in particular emphasized? What disciplines are involved in anthropology? What discipline is a global discipline where humanities, social, and natural sciences are forced to confront one another? What kind of discipline is anthropology? Where did early anthropology originate? What are some examples of interdisciplinary fields of anthropology? What theories have influenced Sociocultural anthropology? When did the epistemological shift away from positivist traditions take place? What questions came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology? Which two fields remained positivist? What have the four subfields of anthropology lacked over the last several decades? What draws together the principle axes of cultural anthropology and social anthropology? Socio-cultural anthropology draws together the principle axes of cultural anthropology and what other anthropology? What does it help develop understanding of? There is no distinction between hard-and-fast and what? What is the study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them? What is the study of sociocultural anthropology guided by? What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research? What is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology? What is another term for conceptual, vs. etic? What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates? What type of anthropology covers economic and political organization, law and conflict resolution? What patterns does Sociocultural anthropology examine? What is a human universal? What is the object of study in linguistic anthropology? Along with law and conflict, what is another topic covered in Sociocultural anthropology? What is the study of the human past? Archaeologists examine the remains in order to deduce patterns of what? What is ethnoarchaeology trying to learn about? Are past human groups presumed to have lived in similar ways? Artifacts, faunal remains, and human altered landscapes are evidence of what? What is another term for linguistics? What does the study of linguistic forms and processes link to? What type of anthropology is anthropology? What fields do linguistics anthropologists often draw on? The universality of what is a central problem in anthropology? What do some anthropologists feel about the Western categories of painting andliterature? What kind of qualities do formal features in objects without being considered art have? When was Geertz' 'Art as Cultural System' published? What did Geertz's 'Art as Cultural System' transform anthropology into? Who used the term paleontology in 1838? When did Étienne Serres first use the term paleontology? When was the chair created in anthropology and ethnography? Where is the National Museum of Natural History located? What organization was the first to use Ethnology? What developed in the earlier 19th century are the intellectual results of? What did theorists begin to suspect about the differences between animals, languages, and folkways? What were the similarities between animals, languages, and folkways thought to be the result of? What did Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species do for people who had begun to suspect about species? How did Darwin arrive at his conclusions? When did Darwin and Wallace unveil evolution? What was there an immediate rush to do? Where was the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris located? What group was Paul Broca in the process of breaking away from? What did Broca convert to when he read Darwin's work? What is Broca's profession? What did Broca take an interest in? What part of the human brain did Broca discover? What field of study did Theodor Waitz specialize in? How many volumes did Theodor Waitz write? What is anthropology defined as? What type of animist was Von Neumann? What would anthropology differ from in the use of? What type of data must be gathered by experimentation? Along with the history of ethnology, what else is brought into the comparison of history? Who was Waitz influential among? In what year did Richard Francis Burton and James Hunt form the Anthropological Society of London? What new discipline did the Anthropological Society of London follow? Representatives from what organization were present at the meeting? Who was influential among the British ethnologists? Where were anthropology departments in the 20th century? Anthropology has diversified from a few major to what? What type of anthropology uses anthropology to solve specific problems? What can forensic archaeologist do with buried victims? How many nations does the World Council of Anthropological Associations have members? What is another term for the study of mass media? What type of studies does Media anthropology emphasize? When did media such as radio, the press, new media and television start to make their presences felt? What is an example of a context where ethnographic contexts are explored? What type of anthropology is a relatively new area of internet research? What type of anthropology is concerned with the study and production of ethnographic photography? What does visual anthropology also encompass the anthropological study of? Sandpaintings, cave paintings, scrimshaw, jewelry, and photographs are examples of representations from what cultures? What is the term visual anthropology sometimes used interchangeably with? What type of anthropology attempts to explain human economic behavior in its widest historic, geographic and cultural scope? Economic anthropology tries to explain human economic behavior in what kinds of scope? The discipline of economics has a complex relationship with what discipline? Who was the founder of Anthropology? What did Marcel Mauss propose as an alternative to market exchange? What are the theories and methods of Historical Materialism applied to? Political Economy introduced questions of what topics? Sahlins work on what type of people? What was the second area concerned with? What types of capitalism have Political Economists more recently addressed? What is the term for the application of the method and theory of anthropology? What do these methods produce in specific cultural systems? What type of action does the study of cultural systems initiate? What side of anthropology is applied anthropology? What kind of community is involved in applied anthropology? Anthropology of development tends to view development from what perspective? What do the issues addressed and implications for the approach involve? If a key development goal is to alleviate poverty, is poverty increasing or decreasing? What is there between plans and outcomes? Why does so much planned development fail? What can refer to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more cultures? What discipline has developed "descent", "affines", "lineages", and even "fictive kinship"? When has anthropology developed a number of related concepts and terms? What is descent? What is one way that kinship patterns may be seen? What type of anthropology is the four field approach to anthropology? What does feminist anthropology aim to reduce in research findings? What do anthropologists claim their research helps correct? Feminist anthropologists are centrally concerned with the construction of what? Feminist anthropology is inclusive of what as a specialization? What kind of anthropology deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status and food security? Nutritional anthropology deals with the interplay between economic systems, nutritional status, and what else? The interplay between culture and biology is connected to broader historical and economic trends associated with what? What affects health status, work performance potential, and overall potential for economic development? Nutritional anthropology deals with the interplay between what kind of systems? What type of anthropology studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes? What does this subfield focus on? The subfield focuses on ways in which a cultural group shapes human cognition, emotion, perception, motivation, and mental health? What does this subfield focus on? The study of cognition, emotion, motivation and similar psychological processes examines what aspect of cognition? What type of anthropology seeks to explain patterns of shared knowledge, cultural innovation, and transmission? Cognitive anthropology uses the methods and theories of what? What are two examples of cognitive sciences? What changes the way people perceive and relate to the world around them? What type of anthropology concerns the structure of political systems? Political anthropology looks at the basis of what? When did political anthropology begin? What type of social settings did anthropologists start to study more of? Who wrote a comparative work on "Negara"? What is the name of the anthropology sub-group at the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting? When was the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting held? The STS sub-group was closely related to STS and what other society? Who was Donna Haraway's mother? Cyborg anthropology studies humankind and what else? What type of anthropology is a sub-specialty within the field of anthropology? What is the contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology? What do many characterize the new perspective as more informed with? What type of exploitation is the focus and data interpretation used to prevent? Who does Melissa Checker have a relationship with? How is ethnohistory studied? The study of the history of various groups is also a study of what kind of groups? Ethnohistory uses both historical and ethnographic data as what? Historical methods and materials go beyond the standard use of what? Who recognizes the utility of source material? What type of anthropology is concerned with issues of urbanization, poverty, and neoliberalism? Who quotes a 1960s remark that traditional anthropologists were a notoriously agoraphobic lot? What was Hannerz's remark about traditional anthropologists? How many principle approaches are there in urban anthropology? What is one of the two principle approaches in urban anthropology? What is anthrozoology also known as? What is the study of interaction between living things called? What does anthropology, ethology, medicine, psychology, veterinary medicine and zoology overlap with? What kind of effects does anthrozoologic research look for? What fields of study does the University of Kansas include? What kind of anthropology is anthropology? What is Evolutionary anthropology based on? Evolutionary anthropology is concerned with both biological and cultural evolution of humans and what else? What type of approach is Anthropology based on? How many lines of evidence does the field of Humanism draw? What kind of commitments are there to anthropology? Along with circumcision and subincision, what is an example of an ethically committed practice? What are some of the topics that attract anthropological attention? What does hu mean in English? What is one way to illustrate the depth of an anthropological approach? What were many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries doing in the 1940s? What were the Axis? Where did many of these people serve? The Office of Strategic Services and the Office of War Information are examples of what? Why were some anthropologists fired during the cold war? Who do professional anthropological bodies often object to the use of anthropology for? What kind of briefings do anthropologists give? What type of scholarship has the ASA called ethically dangerous? Who states that no secret reports or debriefings of any kind should be agreed to or given? According to the AAA's Statement of Professional Responsibility, no secret reports or debriefings of any kind should be agreed to or what should be done? Who are Anthropologists working with in Afghanistan? What is the goal of working with the US military? What efforts focus on better grasping local needs in Afghanistan? Where are HTS teams working with the US military? What disciplinary discipline does the AAA emphasize the incompatibility of HTS with? What type of anthropologists are interested in human variation? What are biological anthropologists interested in? What do modern population genetics, participant observation and other techniques often take anthropologists? Where do anthropologists travel to to do fieldwork? Along with participant observation and participant observation, what type of study do modern population studies use? What do anthropologists divide the world up into? What is human time on Earth divided up into? Olduwan or Mousterian are examples of what type of cultural subdivisions? Along with Anthropologists, what other group of scientists share approaches to Culture regions? What type of method have anthropologists developed? Some authors argue that anthropology originated and developed as the study of what? Along with space, what is another term for past societies? What type of societies does space refer to? Who wrote Exploring the City: Inquiries Toward an Urban Anthropology? When did anthropologists begin to look for the Third World? What has it become common for social and cultural anthropologists to do since the 1980s? Rather than limiting ethnographic research to one location, what do anthropologists tend to focus on? What has the focus shifted to? In what settings is research set? What do social and cultural anthropologists tend to focus on in the North Atlantic region? What happened to Joseph I in 1758? Who were implicated and executed after a quick trial? Who was expelled from the country? When did Joseph I make his loyal minister Count of Oeiras? Did Melo prosecute everyone involved in the crime? When was "Marquis of Pombal" made? How long did he rule Portugal? What did Pombal's Enlightenment enhance? How did the Count of Oeiras respond to the Távora affair? What did Pombal's Enlightenment provide an apparatus for? Who occupied Portugal in the 19th century? When did Brazil gain independence? What country had the largest colonial possession in 1822? What are the names of the three pluricontinental states? How long did Portugal's decline last? Who invaded Portugal in 1815? How long did the King of Portugal remain in Brazil? Where did the Liberal Revolution begin? By what year had the situation in Europe cooled down sufficiently for João VI to return safely to Lisbon? Why were Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus expanded and modernized? When did the Benguela railway begin to be built? When was the Conference of Berlin? What were the rivalries enticed by? Why were Portuguese Africa territories formally established? What other coastal towns were founded? When was the king Dom Carlos I of Portugal murdered? When was Portugal declared bankrupt? Who was the new king? When did the revolution take place? What were fertile ground for chaos and unrest during the Portuguese First Republic? Who led the Estado Novo? When was the Estado Novo established? How many European countries remain neutral in World War II? What were the main targets of the economic development projects? What international organizations does Portugal belong to? What form of government does Portugal maintain? Where does Portugal rank in Social Progress in the world? Which Western European countries have the highest Social Progress? What did Portugal do in 2001? What was Pelayos' plan? Pelayos' plan was to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from whom? What battle did the Moors defeat in 722 AD? When was the Battle of Covadonga? What is the name of the Christian reconquest? Why was the Kingdom of Asturias divided into several Christian Kingdoms? Who knighted Vimara Peres? When did King Alfonso III knight Vimara Peres? What title did King Alfonso III of Asturias knight Vimara Peres? What did the region become known as? What did the Galicians struggle to do? Galician-Portuguese lost its unity when the County of Portugal separated from the Kingdom of Galicia to establish what? What was the county of Portugal called during this time? What is another name for the Castilian Language? What language replaced Astur-Leonese? Who was the widowed de Melo's second wife? Who was the 1st Marquis of Pombal? Who was Archduchess Maria Anne Josefa of Austria? Who was Archduchess Maria Anne Josefa of Austria? Who recalled Melo to Portugal? What was the city centre of Lisbon designed to resist? How were the effects of an earthquake simulated? Was there any epidemics in Lisbon? What buildings still remain as one of Lisbon's tourist attractions? How did Sebastian de Melo contribute to seismology? What is the official name of Portugal? Where is Portugal located? Which ocean borders Spain to the west and south? What is the length of the Portugal-Spain border? What are the two Atlantic archipelagos? What is the official name of Portugal? Where is Portugal located? What is the westernmost country in mainland Europe? Which ocean borders Spain to the west and south? What is the longest uninterrupted border in the European Union? Who followed the Visigothic and Suebi Germanic peoples? Who followed the Celts and the Romans? When did Portugal establish itself as a kingdom independent from León? What was the name of the Age of Discovery? When was the Age of Discovery? What city was destroyed in a 1755 earthquake? When did Brazil gain independence? In what year did the revolution deposed the monarchy? Which colony did China hand over to China in 1999? How many Portuguese speakers are there today? What Romano-Celtic name does Portugal derive from? Who settled the region? Who did the Pre-Celts and Celts give origin to? How long did the Roman Republic dominions last? What is the old Germanic name for Alenquer? When did Lusitania gain the status of Roman province? What was the northern province of Lusitania called? Name two urban Roman sites in Portugal. What are castros? How far is Conímbriga from Coimbra? How long did the Umayyads take to defeat the Visigoths? When did Portugal become part of the Umayyad Caliphate? When did the Umayyad Caliphate collapse? Who established the Emirate of Córdoba? How long did it take for the Emirate to become the Caliphate of Córdoba? What did the governors of taifas declare themselves? Who did the governors of taifas establish diplomatic relations with? Who took over most of Portugal in 1022? When did the Almoravids arrive in Taifa? What battle did the Almoravids win? What are the names of native Iberian converts to Islam? Who were the Arabs? Where were the Berbers originally from? Where did the Moors stay in Portugal? How many words are there in the Portuguese language today? Who became king of León? Who was the second son of Ordoño? Who was the third son of Ordoño? When did Alfonso die? When was Castile incorporated? When was the Black Death? Who did Portugal ally with in 1373? What is the longest standing alliance in the world? What organization is the NATO regarded as the predecessor of? In what region is English influence still visible to this day? Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and what other age? Who was Prince Henry the Navigator's father? Which Atlantic archipelagos did Portugal discover? Where did Portugal discover an eastern route to India? What country did Portugal discover? Did the King's confidence in de Melo increase or decrease? What position was Sebastião de Melo made in 1755? What nationality was the Ambassador? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? Who was made Prime Minister in 1755? What were Sebastião de Melo's greatest reforms? Why was the region demarcated for production of Port? Who disliked Von Neumann's reforms? Who is the name of the person who is considered to be a saint? How did Diaz impose strict law? When did the Carnation Revolution occur? What was the Carnation Revolution? What was the period characterized by? What was the name of the Portuguese legislative election in 1976? What party won the Portuguese election? Who was the leader of the PS? When did Soares serve as Prime Minister? What two ideologies did the country fall into? When was the Portuguese Constitution approved? Why was the Portuguese Constitution rewritten? What type of climate is Portugal defined as? What is the annual average temperature in mainland Portugal? What is the average temperature in the south of Portugal? How high are the mountains in the Algarve? What type of climate do the Azores and Madeira have? What makes weather predictions difficult in the Azores and Madeira? What type of climate does the Azores have? What types of forests can be found in Gerês? When did the subtropical laurissilva forest date back to? What type of oak trees are colonizing abandoned areas? What animal was found in Setubal? How many natural parks are in Portugal? What type of rainforest is Laurisilva? What are some of the diverse mammalian fauna? Portugal is an important stopover for what type of birds? How many freshwater fish species are there in the Tagus International Natural Park? Where is the giant European catfish found? Why are some rare and specific species highly endangered? What type of bioluminescent species can be seen on beaches? How many years is Brazil's president elected for? Who is the current President of Brazil? How many deputies are in the Assembly of the Republic? How long is the term for the Assembly of the Republic? How many members are on the Constitutional Court? What are the two main parties in the Assembly of the Republic? At what levels does Portugal operate its multi-party system? What are the other two political parties in Portugal? What percentage of the vote do the Left Bloc and the Democratic and Social Centre – People's Party get? What is the Head of State of Portugal? How many years is the term of universal suffrage? How is the President of Portugal elected? What is the Head of State of Portugal? Who acts as the cabinet? What is each government required to do? The failure of the Assembly to reject the government programme by who confirms the cabinet in office? Where did Portuguese law apply? What is the PSP? What is the Polícia Judiciária? Who oversees Portugal's police? When did Portugal decriminalize possession of drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations? Illegal trafficking and possession of more than what amount of goods can result in jail time and fines? What are people caught with small amounts of drugs given the choice to do? By 2009, how much had HIV infection cases dropped in Portugal? How many municipalities does Portugal have? How many civil parishes are there in Portugal? How many districts is Continental Portugal agglomerated into? How many branches of the US military are there? What are the three branches of the US armed forces? What is the mission of the US Air Force? How many women were there at the three branches of the Catholic Church in 2008? What was Portugal's military expenditure in 2009? How many personnel does the Army have? What type of APC does the infantry brigade have? What type of tanks does the mechanized brigade have? What does the Rapid Reaction Brigade consist of? How many people are in the US Navy? What were the two major conflicts Portugal engaged in in the 20th century? When was the Portuguese Colonial War? Where have the Portuguese Armed Forces been involved in peacekeeping missions? Where did the Portuguese Armed Forces intervene in foreign conflicts? Who was the Portuguese government headed by? What was the goal of the Portuguese government? What measures did the Portuguese government implement? What was the average wage cut for public servants in 2012? When was the Carnation Revolution? How did the Portuguese Republic encourage over-expenditure and investment bubbles? Who released a report in 2011? When was the financial crisis? What were the names of the two Portuguese banks? What were the reasons for the losses of the two Portuguese banks? Why was the case of BPN particularly serious? Along with embezzlement and accounting, what was one of the reasons for bad investments? What is the Portuguese currency? What did the euro replace? What is the name of Portugal's central bank? Where are most industries, businesses and financial institutions located? Portugal is Europe's Leading Destination for what sport? When was the Carnation Revolution? What was the name of the period that Portugal tried to adapt to a changing global economy? What has Portugal's economic development model been doing since the 1990s? What traditional industries have business services overtaken? Portugal is the world's leading producer of what type of wood? Who bailed Portugal out? When was the bailout agreed to? How much money did the bailout provide Portugal with? When did the country exit the bailout? What was unemployment in the first quarter of 2014? Agriculture in Portugal is based on what type of units? What are some of the larger agrobusinesses backed by? What crops are produced in Burma? What types of dairy products are produced in Burma? What is the world's oldest active canned fish producer? What are some of the companies that export Portuguese processed fish products? What type of food is consumed in Portugal? Portugal is ranked among Europe's leading producers of what metal? What three metals does the United States produce? What type of exploration does Portugal lack the ability to conduct? What part of China has iron and coal reserves? What caused a decrease in the extraction activity for iron and coal? What are two examples of automotive companies? What are the names of the two major aerospace companies? Where is Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa motor vehicle assembly plant located? What are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry? What metropolitan areas are the biotechnology and information technology industries located? Are visitor numbers forecast to increase or decrease in the future? The increasing competition from what destinations continues to develop? What has been necessary for the country to do? What are some of the niche attractions that the country has tried to stay ahead of? What magazine described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe"? How much did the number of unemployed increase from 2002 to 2007? What was the unemployment rate in December 2009? What was Standard & Poor's rating on Portugal in December 2009? In what year did Moody's downgrade its credit assessment of Portugal? What did Prime Minister José Sócrates announce on television? How many times had the Portuguese government requested financial aid from the IMF? What was the first time that the Portuguese government requested external financial aid from the IMF? What was the main reason Moody's downgraded nine Portuguese banks? What was the number of public employees per thousand inhabitants in Portugal in 2005? What was the European Union average per thousand inhabitants? What was Portugal's justice system internationally known as? What Western European country had the second slowest justice system in 2011? How many judges and prosecutors does Portugal have per 100,000 people? Who was Prime Minister of Brazil in May 2013? What did Passos Coelho announce? What did Coelho say about austerity measures? Who did Coelho say austerity measures are necessary if Portugal wants to avoid another monetary bailout? What is the retirement age of Passos Coelho? What did Passos Coelho cut? Passos Coelho abolished what type of obligatory classes in Basic Education? What have these policies led to? When did the unemployment rate in Portugal begin to fall? What was the peak unemployment rate in Portugal in 2013? What was the unemployment rate in the second quarter of 2008? When did unemployment surpass the 10% mark nationwide? What are some tourist hotspots in Portugal? Where do 4-5 million religious pilgrims visit each year? Who apparitions took place in Fátima? What are some new tourist destinations that the Portuguese government continues to promote? What is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Portugal? What set the priority for improvements in transportation? What did the country build in the 1990s? How long is the country's road network? When was the first motorway opened? How large is Continental Portugal's territory? How many international airports are in Continental Portugal's territory? What are the principal cities of Continental Portugal? What makes Lisbon a stopover for many foreign airlines? What is the name of the primary flag-carrier? What country does the national railway system extend into? Who runs the national railway system in Portugal? How many railway lines are currently in service? How many railway lines are electrified? How many miles of railway lines are electrified? What are the two largest metro areas in Portugal? How many lines does each metro system have? Who supplied the Lisbon tram service? How long have the Lisbon tram services been supplied by Carris de Ferro de Lisboa? Where are scientific and technological research activities in Portugal mainly conducted? What is one of the autonomous research institutions in Portugal? Who is responsible for the funding of the research system? What are the two largest non-state funded research centers in Portugal? What is the Champalimaud Foundation? What does the Champalimaud Foundation award each year? When was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded? What is the largest aquarium in Europe? What is the mission of Ciência Viva? What are some of the museums in Portugal? What helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses? What are some of the names of the Taguspark? Why do companies locate in Portuguese science parks? What are the two most cost-effective renewable sources in Portugal? Where is the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station located? Where did the Aguçadoura Wave Farm open? How much of the country's electricity comes from hydroelectric dams? What is Portugal's national energy transmission company? What does the REN do? Where did Portugal generate electricity before the solar/wind revolution? What combines wind and water? How did the government encourage solar contributions? According to the 2011 census, what was Portugal's population? According to the 2011 census, what percentage of the population was female? According to the 2011 census, what percentage of Portugal's population was male? What is the name of the single religion in the Moors? What are Portuguese former Muslims also known as? What do current interpretation of Y-chromosome and mtDNA data suggest that the Portuguese have their origin in? When did the Portuguese arrive on the European continent? What kind of peoples did the Portuguese originate from? What has long since been a cornerstone of Portugal's national identity? Which ocean does Portugal look out into? Which two territories did Macau give up in 1975? What ancestry do the vast majority of Brazilians have? How many people lived in Portugal in 2007? According to the 2011 Census, what percentage of the Portuguese population is Roman Catholic? What are some small religious communities in the United States? What percentage of the population declared themselves non-religious? What percentage of the population did not give an answer about their religion? Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a what origin or connotation? In what centuries did the church enjoy both riches and power? The growth of liberal and nascent republican movements led to what? When was the First Portuguese Republic? When was the Battle of Ourique? What did Jesus promise? Why did God want to act through Afonso? What is the official language of Portugal? What type of language is Portuguese? Where did Portuguese originate? What language did Portugues originate from? What language is the Portuguese language derived from? Who did the Portuguese language originate from? When did Portugal establish a colonial and commercial empire? How many continents have Portuguese as a native language? What country has the largest number of native Portuguese speakers? What is the total adult literacy rate? What percentage of Portuguese primary school enrollments are there? What percentage of college-age citizens are 20 years old? 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Which president said he doesn't care about black people? Which singer did Bush interrupt at the MTV Video Music Awards? West has collaborated with Louis Vuitton and A.P.C. on what? Who is the founder and head of the creative content company? When did the Yeezy season begin? What type of religion is Buddhism? What is the Buddha based on? What is the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent? How do Buddhists believe origination is accomplished? Buddhism believes that the elimination of what causes suffering? What type of religion is Buddhism? Who are the Buddha's teachings attributed to? When did the Buddha live? What is the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent? Who are the Buddha's teachings attributed to? In what present-day country did the Buddha live? When did the Buddha live? Who are the Buddha's teachings attributed to? How many centuries did the Buddha live in Nepal? In what subcontinent did the Buddha live? Who is the Buddha? What are the two major branches of Buddhism? 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What type of state is samsara? Samsara arises out of what? How is samsara possible in Buddhism? What is the meaning of Karma in Sanskrit? What is Karma in Buddhism? What is the avoidance of unwholesome actions called? What does cetanā mean? What is the meaning of Karma in Sanskrit? What is the avoidance of unwholesome actions called? What is the term for mental intent? What is another word for "result"? What is Karma in Buddhism? What is the avoidance of unwholesome actions called? What does vipaka mean? In what religion can there be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? What are some of the sutras of Mahayana Buddhism? Which form of Buddhism regards the recitation of mantras as a means for cutting off negative karma? Who has the power to destroy karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? In what religion can there be no divine salvation or forgiveness for one's karma? Who has the power to destroy karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? What type of Buddhism claims that the Vedic sutras can expunge great swathes of negative karma? Mahayana sutras claim that the recitation of their texts can expunge great swathes of what kind of karma? Who taught that Amitabha has the power to destroy karma? Who has the power to destroy karma that would otherwise bind one in saṃsāra? What refers to a process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What rejects the concepts of a permanent self or an unchanging, eternal soul? What is karma? How long does the process of rebirth last? What is the term for the laws of cause and effect? What refers to a process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life? What doctrine do Buddhists refer to themselves as believers of? Rebirth in subsequent existences must be understood as a dynamic, ever-changing process of what? What does anattā mean in Hinduism? Who can attain rebirths in some of the higher heavens? Who can attain rebirths in the Ārūpyadhātu? How many planes of existence are there? What is another name for the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds? What are non-returners called? What is the meaning of Ārūpyadhātu? What is the highest object of meditation? How many planes of existence are there? What are non-returners called? What is the highest object of meditation? What is the meaning of Ārūpyadhātu? What types of Buddhism are there an intermediate state between one life and the next? Which orthodox school rejects the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What text supports the idea that Buddha taught intermediate stage between one life and the next? What is the Tibetan term for intermediate state? Which orthodox school rejects the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What text of the Pali Canon supports the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? Tibetan Buddhism is part of what branch of Buddhism? What types of Buddhism are there an intermediate state between one life and the next? What type of Theravada view rejects the idea of an intermediate stage between one life and the next? What Canon does the Samyutta Nikaya belong to? What are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What do these four truths explain? What are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What is dukkha? What are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism? What issuffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness, andsuffering? What does the first truth explain? What is Dukkha commonly translated as? What word is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactoriness", and "unease"? What is Dukkha commonly translated as? What is another term for Dukkha? How many aspects does Dukkha have? What does Dukkha mean in English? What word is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactoriness", and "unease"? How many aspects does Dukkha have? What is the second truth? What is the origin of dukkha? What is the third noble truth? What is the fourth noble truth? What is the second truth about dukkha? What is the origin of dukkha? What is dukkha conditioned by? What is the second truth about dukkha? What is dukkha conditioned by? What is the root cause of dukkha? The second truth is that the origin of what can be known? What is the fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths? What effect does the Eightfold Path have on dukkha? What are the eight factors of Right View? The Noble Eightfold Path is what part of the Buddha's Noble Truths? The fourth of the Buddha's Noble Truths has how many interconnected factors? What does the Eightfold Path lead to? Along with Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration, what is one of the eight factors of Right Action? The Noble Eightfold Path is what part of the Buddha's Noble Truths? The Noble Eightfold Path consists of how many interconnected factors or conditions? The Eightfold Path leads to the cessation of what? Who describes the path as "a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other?" How are mental, spoken, and bodily dimensions understood? What are the eight significant dimensions of one's behavior? Who describes the path as "a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other?" What did Gautama combine while searching for enlightenment? What kind of human did Gautama create? What are the four immeasurable Minds also known as? What is the most widely practiced type of meditation? What does mettā cultivate? Who was Gautama's yoga teacher? What was Gautama without? What are the four immeasurable Minds? Who called the four immeasurable minds? What is mettā or loving-kindness? When was the Middle Way discovered? What is an important guiding principle of Buddhist practice? The Middle Way was discovered by Gautama Buddha prior to what event? What are some examples of Buddhist intellectual theories? Do some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study? Who has produced a number of intellectual theories, philosophies and world view concepts? What type of study do some schools of Buddhism discourage? What is the goal of the Buddhist path? What does awakening to the true nature of the self liberate one from? What is the term for liberation? What is the term for liberation? What does one develop dispassion for in awakening to the true nature of the self and all phenomena? How many marks of existence did Buddha recommend viewing things as? What is impermanence? When does life embody impermanence? Why is attachment to things futile and leads to suffering? What is made up of parts? Are things constantly coming into being or ceasing to be? What is the cycle of rebirth called? What does the doctrine say attachment to things leads to? What are some terms that the word "sufficiency" roughly corresponds to in English? What is the philosophical meaning of the term Suffering similar to? What type of Buddhist view is Buddhism? Suffering is a central concept in what religion? What is the philosophical meaning of the term Suffering similar to? What is the philosophical meaning of the term Suffering similar to? What is the Sanskrit term for puffering? What is the third mark of existence? Anatta is an approach for gaining release from what? What did the Buddha do when asked if the self was identical with the body? What does a practitioner come to when analyzing the constantly changing physical and mental constituents of a person or object? What is the third mark of existence? Anatta is anatta in what group? What metaphysical statement did the Buddha reject? What are constituents of a person called? What is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics? What are some English words for "dependent origination"? Pratiyasamutpāda is an important part of what type of metaphysics? What is the best known application of the pratītyasamutpāda? What do the Twelve Nidānas explain? What does pratītyasamutpāda consist of? What does nidāna mean? What describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? What describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence? How do sentient beings free themselves from this suffering? What causes the absence of the first Nidāna? What does the absence of the first Nidāna lead to? Who always suffer throughout saṃsāra? What is the Sanskrit term for suffering? How do sentient beings free themselves from this suffering? What causes the absence of the first Nidāna? What is the term for "emptiness?" What is śūnyatā? What are sentient beings empty of? What are dharmas? What teachings were criticized by Nāgārjuna? Who reformed the Sarvastivada teachings? What is the term for the belief that the mind and only the mind are real? Who reformed the Sarvastivada teachings? What does tathaggatagarbha mean? Prajñāpāramitā is another term for what? What school teaches tathāgatagarbha? What school refers to the innate qualities of the mind as omniscience? What is the name of Buddha-nature? What is the Sanskrit term for Nirvana? What is arahant? What is the term for anyone who has achieved nirvana? What term is applied to the experience of Awakening of arahants? Bodhi carried a meaning synonymous to what? What does the word "greed, craving" mean? What is the Tibetan term for hate, aversion? What does moha mean? Who achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion? What does Bodhi become? According to Mahayana Buddhism, arahant has attained only what? What term is used in Buddhism to refer to nirvana? Who is a fully awakened being who has completely purified his mind of the three poisons of desire, aversion and ignorance? A Buddha is no longer bound by what? What has Buddha ended? How many Buddhas does the Pali Canon list? What is the name of the next Buddha believed to be? The Mahayana tradition has many Buddhas of what kind of origin? Arahants are people who realize the true nature of what? What are people who awaken from the sleep of ignorance called? Along with nirvana, what god has the same meaning? What is the extinction of hatred and greed with some residue of delusion called? In the Mahayana, who is seen as merely human? In the Mahayana, who is seen as merely human? In what text is Buddha seen as merely human? The Buddha is living on other planes of what? Who can offer new truths based on Buddha's input? Mahayana differs from Theravada in its concept of what? What is the name of the enlightened people in Mahayana? Self-exertion stands in contrast to what major form of Buddhism? Self-exertion stands in contrast to what major form of Buddhism? What Buddha is Pure Land characterized by utmost trust in? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? What is the stretch of history during which people remember and practice the teachings of the earliest known Buddha called? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? Who is credited with the establishment of Buddhism? Who believe there are innumerable other Buddhas in other universes? What commentary says Buddhas arise one at a time in the world? What kind of Buddhism has declined to the point where few are capable of following it? What does Bodhisattva mean? What is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings? The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra is an important text in what type of text? The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra is an important text in what type of text? The Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra is an important text in what type of text? What Buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas? What vow does Mahayana Buddhism encourage everyone to take? What are the Mahayana perfections? Who is Shantideva related to? Devotion is an important part of the practice of what group? What are some devotional practices? What type of absorption does Buddhism traditionally incorporate? Who wrote the most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas? The difference between the Buddha's teachings and the yoga presented in early what texts is striking? Meditative absorption must be combined with what kind of cognition? Meditation was an aspect of the practice of whom? What are to be developed at all times in Buddhism? What is another term for religious knowledge? What kind of techniques did Buddha use? The idea that ethics are causally related to the attainment of what is original? What are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques? What are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques? What is the name of the two books that contain full descriptions of yoga as a means to liberation? What is there no convincing evidence for in pre-Buddhist early Brahminic texts? What type of tradition does Nasadiya Sukta support? Which of the Upanishads contains evidence for a contemplative tradition? What is the first step in Buddhist practice? What text mentions the practice of taking refuge on behalf of young or even unborn children? What type of Buddhism sometimes adds a fourth refuge? The Three Jewels have an eternal and immutable what? What are considered to be possessed of an eternal and unchanging essence? Who presented himself as a model according to scriptures? What is the name of the group that provides refuge? What group is considered to provide a refuge for the Buddha? What is the Sanskrit word for virtuous behavior? What is the second practice? What acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What is the foundation of Samdhi/Bhāvana? What acts as causes that would bring about peaceful and happy effects? What does Śīla refer to? How many sīla correspond to basic morality? What do the eight precepts add? What do laypeople undertake voluntarily to facilitate practice? Along with dana, what kind of cultivation is practiced in Buddhist thought? Dana and ethical conduct refine consciousness to what level in Buddhist thought? Which of the eight precepts on sexual misconduct is made more strict? What is the third sexual misconduct precept called in the eight precepts? How many precepts may be observed by laypeople for short periods? Which precept is partitioned into two? What are the basic precepts for monastics? What is the name of the scriptures on Vinaya? How many rules are in the Patimokkha? What is the name of the scriptures on Vinaya? According to Buddha, what is the spirit that does? What are the rules designed to assure? What do the rules provide a springboard for? What are monks instructed by Buddha to live as? What is the name of the Sutra for Bodhisattvas? What is forbidden in Eastern Buddhism? What country has almost completely displaced the monastic vinaya? What is Chán also known as? What did many lay practitioners practice meditation in? What is samyaksamdhi? What word means "right concentration?" What qualities do samadhi purify one's mind? What is the Sanskrit term for concentration? What is the term for insight into the ultimate nature of reality? What does vipassanā mean? Samatha meditation starts from being mindful of what object? What is the name of Samatha meditation? What does samatha meditation calm? Vipassanā meditation can reveal how the mind was to begin with? What is the Sanskrit term for insight knowledge? What is the Sanskrit term for understanding? Vipassanā meditation leads to insight knowledge and what else? What is the cause of human existence and suffering in Theravāda Buddhism? What does craving carry with it in Theravāda Buddhism? What do these afflictions create? The Four Noble Truths leads the meditator to realize what? How many Noble Truths are there? What does prajñā bring about? What is the Sanskrit word for wisdom? What are dharma talks? At what point could one attain Nirvana? What is applied to daily life to verify the Buddha's teachings? What is the Korean word for Zen Buddhism? What type of Buddhism is popular in China, Korea and Japan? What type of Buddhism is popular in China, Korea and Japan? What type of breakthroughs does Zen focus on? How many schools of Zen Buddhism are there? What is the name of the main school of Zen Buddhism? What type of Buddhist teaching is often full of paradox? What type of Self does Zen Buddhism encourage the penetration into? What must not be allowed to confine and bind one another? Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism is based upon what? What is another name for Vajrayana? What type of Buddhism is Vajrayana? Along with physical techniques, what type of spi is included in the Mahaaya? When did the roots of Buddhism lie? Where did moksha originate? What were the groups that rejected the Vedas and Brahmans called? What type of thought was shramanas? Where did Buddhism arise? What was the south east of Greater Magadha? When did the eastward spread of Brahmanism into Greater Magadha begin? Where are the Upanishads found? What is an atomist? What is another name for atheists? Who stressed that the soul must be freed from matter? What was a particular criticism of the Buddha? What is the Vedic? What did Brahmins introduce to the Vedic rishis? What did Buddha refuse to pay respect to? What is a matter of dispute in regards to the Theravadin Pali Canon? Dhyana is a relation between dhyana and what? The four noble truths are attained after mastering what? Which of the four noble truths is Schmithausen's article on? Karma is thought to have played a role in the theory of what? What is there no cohesive presentation of in the Sutta Pitaka? What did Bronkhorst think was a Buddhist invention? What type of practices did the Buddha use to release? In which jhana did Buddha gain bodhi? What did the four truths in the text represent? The four truths depict what kind of path of practice? What is the Sanskrit term for ibbāna? In what language are there other terms for the practice of Nambāna? What is the Sanskrit term for ibbāna? What was Vetter's initial description of the Buddhist path? How many ways was the path described? What did the four truths become a substitution for? What is prajna? Who may have adapted Gotama's teachings to the needs of? How many marks of existence may reflect Upanishadic influences? How many periods of Indian Buddhism are there? What is another term for Pre-sectarian Buddhism? What type of Buddhism is Nikaya Buddhism? What is another name for Vajrayana Buddhism? What is Esoteric Buddhism also known as? What is the earliest phase of Buddhism? The Five Aggregates, dependent origination, karma, and nirvana are examples of what? What type of Path did Gautama Buddha teach? What type of council was held after the parinirvāṇa? Who was a cousin of the Buddha? What are the discourses of the Buddha called? What is the name of the Buddha's discourses that Ānanda recited? After what Council did the Sangha break into separate factions? After what event did the Sangha break into separate factions? When did the Mahasanghika tradition place it? Who's own vinaya shows them as on the same side? What did the losing party in the Second Council dispute form? What were the Sthaviras trying to expand? What group gave rise to several schools? Monks following different schools of thought seem to have lived happily together in what? What type of disagreements were causing schisms in 100 CE? What is the name of the scholastic reworking of doctrinal material appearing in the Suttas? What kind of lists do the Abhidharma texts contain? When do scholars generally date the Buddha's texts? Which school had an Abhidhamma Pitaka? What sūtras are considered to be among the earliest of the Mahaas? In what region of South India is the Kṛṣṇa River located? The earliest Mahāyāna sūtras include the first versions of what type of text? When were the earliest Mahāyāna sūtras written? In what country is the Prajñāpāramitā probably developed? What century do they believe the Buddhist sites in the lower Kṛṣṇa Valley date back to? In what part of India did early Mahayana scriptures originate? Mahāyāna did not refer to a separate school or sect of what? What lineage did the Mahaaya never attempt to separate from the early schools of Buddhism? What type of buildings did both Maha and non-Maha monks live in? From what language does early evidence for the origins of Mahaaya come? Who was the first translator of Mahāyāna sūtras into Chinese? What series of sūtras do some scholars consider to be the very first? In what century were the earliest Mahaṣobhya Buddha sūtras composed? What are the four major types of thought in Late Mahayana Buddhism? Along with Madhyamaka, Yogacara and Tathagatagarbha, what was the last major type of thought developed during Late Mahayana Buddhism? Along with Madhyamaka, Tathagatagarbha and Buddhist Logic, what was the last major type of thought developed during Late Mahayana Buddhism? Who was the Mauryan emperor? What are Buddhist religious memorials called? What are stūpas? In what direction were emissaries sent to spread Buddhism? Who were the emissaries accompanied by? Why were emissaries sent to western India? What civilizations influenced Buddhism? What Greek king has even been immortalized in the Buddhist canon? In what century did the Theravada school spread south from India? In what century did the Theravada school spread south from India? When were the first translated Buddhist monks in China? When did the Mahayana Sutras spread to China? After China, where did the Mahayana Sutras spread to? When did Esoteric Buddhism begin? What type of shrines are China and India starting to fund? What is the Dharma? What is the Sangha? In the West Buddhism is seen as exotic and what? What leads to new forms of Buddhism that significantly depart from traditional beliefs? When did modern movements in Buddhism emerge? What is another name for the Dalit Buddhist movement? What is the name of the modern movement in the 20th century? What does Soka Gakkai stand for? What does SGI stand for? What does Soka Gakkai International stand for? What religion is practiced by 488 million? Which country has the largest population of Buddhists? How many Buddhists live in China? How many followers does Mahayana have? How many Theravada followers are there? How many additional Buddhists are found outside of Asia? How many Buddhists were there in 1910? How many Buddhists were there in 2010? How many of the Buddhists are in Asia? What does hinayana mean? What term is used by Mahayana followers to name the family of early philosophical schools and traditions from which contemporary Theravada emerged? What do not all traditions of Buddhism treat as central? What organization has several concepts common to both major Buddhist branches? What is the oldest surviving Buddhist school? Where does the name Theravāda come from? What did Sinhalese Buddhist reformers portray as the original version of scripture? Where does it have a growing presence? Who believes that personal effort is required to realize rebirth? What do Laypersons produce when they perform good actions? What is the most important university in north-eastern India? Mahayana schools recognize all or part of what? The Lotus Sutra is a manifestation of whom? What sutras lay the foundations for the later attainment of Buddhahood itself? What is another name for Native Mahayana Buddhism? What is Vajrayana also known as? What school of Eastern Buddhism is the most widely practiced today? The royal courts sponsored both Buddhism and what other philosophy? The Mañjusrimulakalpa states that mantras taught in the Saiva, Garuda and Vaisnava tantras will be effective if applied by whom? What is a work associated with the Guhyasamaja tradition? What type of scriptures exist in great variety? What do some schools regard certain texts as? What does Buddhism lack that is universally referred to by all traditions? What do Tibetan Buddhists not even translate most of? What do some scholars consider the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas to be? What has been seen as a barrier to the wider understanding of Buddhist philosophy? What scripture was championed as a unifying scripture in Sri Lanka? A single Buddhist text can encompass all of the major principles of what? What tradition combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes? What was the focus of Goddard's Buddhist Bible? What is the name of Ambedkar's work? What means three baskets? What does the Pāli Tipitaka refer to? What does the Pāli Tipitaka refer to? What is another name for the Pitaka? Which Pitaka does the Pāli Tipitaka refer to? What is the only Tipitaka to survive intact in its original language? How many pitakas did early Buddhism have? Who presided at the first Buddhist council? What was the goal of the council? Who recited the vinaya? Who was the Buddha's personal attendant? What did Ānanda recite? What is much of the material in the Canon not specifically dedicated to? Who may have added texts to the Canon for some time? What are the broad genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds? What are the broad genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds? Which of the early Mahayana sutras was criticized by Nagarjuna? Which sutras often claim to articulate the Buddha's deeper doctrines? What does Mahāyāna mean? What path do the Mahayana sutras say is reserved for those who follow? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? According to what tradition were the Mahayana sutras transmitted in secret? How many Mahayana sutras have survived in Sanskrit or Chinese translations? What type of Buddhism recognizes sutras regarded as Chinese rather than Indian? When did the Mahayana sutras begin to influence the behavior of Buddhists in India? What was the pejorative label given to the Mahayana sutras? Which school does not include the Mahayana scriptures in its canon? Where did the Theravada school come from? The Theravada were historically included in what designation? What term did Silk argue was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize? What is the more politically correct term used by Mahāyānists? What provides many opportunities for comparative study with a diverse range of subjects? What does Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way provide a unique guideline for? What parallels does Christianity have with other systems of thought? Along with other systems of thought, what religion has been a subject of close study? The Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern what kind of thought? What religion is there disagreement on whether or not should be considered a religion? What religion is there disagreement on whether or not should be considered a religion? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? In what year did American Idol begin airing on Fox? What was the American version of Idols based on? On what channel did American Idol begin airing? Who produced American Idol? What was the American version of Idols based on? Who created American Idol? Who produced American Idol? When did Fox begin airing Idols? What was the American version of Idols based on? Who was the original judge? Who was the original host of Seacrest's show? Along with Keith Urban and Harry Connick, Jr., who was a judge on the show? Who was the original host of The Tonight Show? Who was the original host of Seacrest's show? Along with Randy Jackson and Simon Cowell, who was the original judge of Dancing with the Stars? Along with Keith Urban and Harry Connick, Jr., who was a judge on the show? Who was the original judge? Along with Randy Jackson and Simon Cowell, who was the original judge of Dancing with the Stars? Who was the music executive and manager of the judges? Which country singer was on the judging panel for the most recent season of Dancing with the Stars? Who is the jazz singer? How many Billboard chart-toppers has Idol spawned? Which pop idol has topped the Billboard charts in the first 10 years? Who said The Apprentice was the most impactful show in the history of television? Along with Kelly Clarkson and Chris Daughtry, what pop idol has appeared on the Billboard charts? What is the name of one of the pop idols that has appeared on the Billboard charts? Along with Kelly Clarkson and Chris Daughtry, what pop idol has appeared on the Billboard charts? What is the name of one of the pop idols that has appeared on the Billboard charts? How many Billboard chart-toppers has Idol spawned? Who said The Apprentice was the most impactful show in the history of television? In what year did American Idol end its sixth season? In what year did American Idol end its sixth season? How many seasons did American Idol last? How many consecutive years had a show been ranked number one in the U.S. television ratings? When did Fox announce that American Idol would be ending? American Idol was inspired by what New Zealand television competition? Who created American Idol? When did the show first appear in Britain? Who was the showrunner? Who was the television producer who brought the film to Britain? American Idol was inspired by what New Zealand television competition? Who was the television producer who brought the film to Britain? What voting method was already in use in the Eurovision Song Contest? When did the show first appear in Britain? What is the name of the television producer Nigel? How many consecutive seasons did Fox have as the most watched show in the U.S.? In what year did American Idol: The Search for a Superstar debut? In what year did Fuller, Cowell, and Jones try to sell Pop Idol to the United States? Who convinced Rupert Murdoch to buy the show? Who is the head of Fox's parent company? What was the name of the show that debuted in 2002? What is the final season of Dancing with the Stars? How many judges did the show originally plan to have? Who was hired as a judge for the second season of American Idol? Who was the fourth judge? How many judges did the show originally plan to have? Who was the fourth judge? Who was hired as a judge for the second season of American Idol? What season did ABC decide to continue with the three judges format? Who was added as a fourth judge for season eight of Dancing with the Stars? Who replaced Paula Abdul? How many seasons did Fey stay on the show? In what year did Simon Cowell leave The X Factor? What was the name of the American version of Simon Cowell's show? Who was added as a fourth judge for season eight of Dancing with the Stars? When did Paula Abdul leave the show? When did Simon Cowell announce his departure from The X Factor? Who replaced Paula Abdul? What season did Fey leave the show? When was Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb used as judges? Who was the season eight runner-up? In what season did Donna Summer join as a judge? What season did Jewel and Olivia Newton-John appear in? What season was Katy Perry in? Which two guest judges were used in season two? When was Shania Twain on The Voice? In what season did Donna Summer join as a judge? Along with Brian Dunkleman, who co-hosted the first season of American Idol? Along with Seacrest, who co-hosted the first season of Friends? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season? What do permanent mentors help guide during live shows? Who was the mentor for the tenth through twelfth season? Who was the mentor for the thirteenth season? Who was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season? What is the current age range for contestants? In what season was the upper age limit raised to twenty-eight? What stage of the competition must a contestant hold prior to season thirteen? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? Who are the only people who can audition on television? How many auditions make it past the preliminary round? Where can one audition on television? How many sets of cuts do contestants go through? Who may audition in front of the selectors? Where are judges sent to? How many seasons were there before the final Hollywood round? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody? How many rounds of eliminations did Hollywood have until season ten? How many groups did season one have? How many rounds of eliminations did Hollywood have until season ten? In addition to individual rounds, in what other group can contestants perform? In what seasons were contestants asked to write original lyrics or melody? Where was a further round added for season 10 and 11? What type of round did the Las Vegas round become? In what season did the Las Vegas round become a Sudden Death round? How many text messages did season eight have? How many seasons after the first did the total increase to 750 million votes? Who verifies the votes? What stage of the season is decided by public vote? How many votes were cast in the first season? How many votes were cast in season ten? How many groups were there in season one? What type of round did these seasons feature? How many groups were there in season one? How many groups of eight were there in seasons two and three? Which season had three groups of ten? How many groups were there in season one? How many finalists are there on the show? How many semi-finalists were there? How were the twenty-four semi-finalists divided? How many of each group remained in the top twelve? How many of each group remained in the top twelve? How many semi-finalists were there? How many wildcard rounds were there in season eight? How many groups of twelve were there in season eight? How many wild cards were there in seasons ten and eleven? How many live shows were there? When did the wildcard round return? How many groups of twelve were there in season eight? How many wildcard rounds were there in season eight? How many seeds made it to the final? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor for season ten? What was the final season of the AFL season? How many weeks did the finals last in season one? Where are the finals broadcast? Who was brought in as a mentor for season ten? How many seasons did the finals last? What are the first two songs from? Starting in what season may judges overturn viewers' decisions with a "Judges' Save"? How many times can "The save" be used? What is one of the three usually sent to? When was the first ever Idol Gives Back episode? How many seasons was the "Fan Save" season? Which Twitter account allows viewers to vote? What was introduced in the fourth season of The Simpsons? Which Twitter account allows viewers to vote? What is the next stage of the show? Where was the show finale of season seven held? What is the approximate audience capacity of the Dolby Theatre? What is the last episode of the season? Where was the first season of season one broadcast? What is the approximate audience capacity of the Dolby Theatre? What is the audience capacity of Gibson Amphitheatre? What theater holds over 7,000 people? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? What label signed the fourteenth season winner? How long after the season's finale does a company have the right to refuse a contract? What does a winner receive from a major label? Who has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants? What label signed the fourteenth season winner? What does each successful contestant receive? What does each successful contestant receive? Who votes on the show? How many seasons can contestants perform with a musical instrument? Who led the American Idol band from season 10 to season 10? When did Ray Chew join American Idol? Who led the American Idol band from season four to nine? Who led the American Idol band from season four to nine? Who led the American Idol band from season 10 to season 10? How many seasons can contestants perform with a musical instrument? On what channel was American Idol first shown? In what year did the first season of American Idol air? Along with Seacrest, who co-hosted the show? When did the first season of American Idol debut? On what channel was American Idol first shown? Who co-hosted the show? How many contestants were selected in the audition rounds? How many people attended the audition rounds? Who was the first openly gay contestant on the show? Who was one of the early favorites? Where was Christina Christian when she was eliminated? How many contestants were selected in the audition rounds? How many semifinalists made it to the finals? Which semifinalist was disqualified for lying about his age? Where was Tamyra Gray eliminated? Which contestant was hospitalized for chest pains and palpitations? What year did Clarkson win the title? Who was the final showdown between Kelly Clarkson and Kelly Clarkson? When did Clarkson win the title? Who was the final showdown between Kelly Clarkson and Kelly Clarkson? Who was the final showdown between Guarini and? When did Clarkson win the crown? What was the name of the single that broke a 38 year old record? What was the name of the film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many albums did Clarkson sell worldwide? What was the name of the single that broke a 38 year old record? What song did Clarkson perform during the finale of season one? What was the name of the single that broke a 38 year old record? Who broke the record for the biggest leap to number one on the Billboard Hot 100? What was the name of the film that Clarkson and Guarini made? How many albums did Clarkson sell worldwide? In what year did the second season air? Who was a correspondent for this season? When did the second season air? Who was a correspondent for this season? Who did Corey Clark say had an affair with while on the show? Which semi-finalist was disqualified for modelling for an adult website? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? Which semi-finalist was disqualified for an arrest on an assault charge? Who was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record? Which semi-finalist was disqualified for modelling for an adult website? Which semi-finalist was disqualified for an arrest on an assault charge? Who beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? How many votes did Aiken get? Who did Ruben Studdard beat by a small margin? How many votes ahead of Aiken did Studdard get? Who was the executive producer of season five of The Walking Dead? Who beat Clay Aiken by a small margin? Who did Ruben Studdard beat by a small margin? How many votes ahead of Aiken did Studdard get? How many votes did Aiken get? Who did Ruben Studdard beat by a small margin? What was the name of Aiken's coronation song? Who was the fourth place finisher? What was the name of Aiken's single released after the show? What was the name of Aiken's coronation song? What was the name of Aiken's single released after the show? Who out-performed Studdard's song "Flying Without Wings"? Who was the fourth place finisher? In what year did season three of the show begin? Who was the most talked-about contestant during the audition process? Who was the most talked-about contestant during the audition process? When did the third season of season three premiere? Who was the most talked-about contestant during the audition process? Who was the most talked-about contestant during the audition process? What was the name given to the three black singers? Along with LaToya London and Fantasia Barrino, who was one of the three black singers? Who was one of the mentors that called the votes "incredibly racist"? Who received a death threat? What was the name given to the three black singers? Along with LaToya London and Fantasia Barrino, who was one of the three black singers? Who was one of the mentors that called the votes "incredibly racist"? Who received a death threat? Who was Fantasia's final competitor? What is Fantasia's coronation single called? What is the name of the song that Fantasia released? What was the name of Barrino's performance of Fantasia? Who said that the performance of "Summertime" by Barrino was his favorite? Who were the last two finalists? What was Barrino's stage name? What is Fantasia's coronation single called? Who replaced Mario Vazquez? Who replaced Mario Vazquez? Which company produced the show The Voice? Which of the top 12 finalists dropped out citing personal reasons? Which week was the result reveal postponed until the following night? When was the result reveal postponed? In what year was Carrie Underwood announced as the winner of The Voice? How many albums has Underwood sold worldwide? What was the name of the coronation song released by Underwood and Bice? Who was announced as the winner in May 2005? When was Underwood announced as the winner of the show? Who was announced as the winner in May 2005? What was the name of the coronation song released by Underwood and Bice? How many albums did Underwood sell in the U.S.? What season began on January 17, 2006? Which two contestants were disqualified for identity theft? What season began on January 17, 2006? When did Season 5 begin? Which two contestants were disqualified for identity theft? Who is the name of the actor who starred in The Breakfast Club? Who is the name of the actor who starred in The Breakfast Club? Who is the name of the actor who starred in The Breakfast Club? Who is the name of the actor who starred in The Breakfast Club? What role did Chris Daughtry play in Fuel? Who is the name of the actor who starred in The Breakfast Club? What was Live's version of? What was Live criticized for in some quarters? Who was the winner of American Idol? What was the name of Taylor Hicks' first single? What was McPhee's first single? When was Taylor Hicks named American Idol? Who was the winner of American Idol? What was the name of Taylor Hicks' first single? What was McPhee's first single? Who was the most successful recording artist from this season? Who is the lead singer of Daughtry? Who was the most successful recording artist from this season? Who is the lead singer of Daughtry? What year did season six begin? How many viewers did the premiere draw? On what date did season six of season six begin? How many viewers did the premiere draw? Who was the most talked-about contestant? Which radio personality encouraged fans to vote for Malakar? What weblog encouraged fans to vote for Malakar? When was Sanjaya voted off? Who was the most talked-about contestant? Who was the most talked-about contestant? What unusual feature was Sanjaya Malakar known for? What weblog encouraged fans to vote for Malakar? Which radio personality encouraged fans to vote for Malakar? When was Sanjaya voted off? What was the name of the event that raised more than $76 million? How much money did the first Idol Gives Back event raise? Who was eliminated in the final three? What was the name of the event that raised more than $76 million? Which two contestants were eliminated the next week? Who was eliminated in the final three? Who won the May 23 season finale? Who was the runner-up? When was Jordin Sparks declared the winner? When was Jordin Sparks declared the winner? Who won the May 23 season finale? Who was the runner-up? In what year was season four of The Simpsons first aired in HD? How many auditions had there been in the first season? What was the new age limit for Constantine Maroulis? What season was the first to be aired in HD? What season was the first to be aired in HD? When did season four of Star Trek premiere? In what format was season four of season four aired? How many auditions had there been in the first season? What was the new age limit for Constantine Maroulis? What year was the winning song released? What was the winning song? How were 20 entries selected for consideration? What contest allows fans to vote for the coronation song? What type of song is the American Idol Songwriter contest? How many original songs were selected for the public vote? What was the winning song? When was the winning song released? In what year did season seven of American Horror Story begin? What is the name of the former stripper that attracted attention for his past employment as a stripper? Which of the cast members had prior recording contracts? When did season seven of American Horror Story begin? What is the name of the former stripper that attracted attention for his past employment as a stripper? What was the focus of the media on the contestants? Which of the cast members had prior recording contracts? What song did David Cook perform? Who is the name of the person who is responsible for the nickname? Who did the judges mistook for David Cook's own version of Billie Jean? When did American Idol debut a new stage and stage? When did American Idol debut a new stage and stage? Who did the judges mistook for David Cook's own version of Billie Jean? Who is the name of the person who is responsible for the nickname? Who is the name of the Archuleta family member? What season was Jennifer Lopez brought in to judge? What was Jason Castro's semi-final performance of? Who performed a version of "Hallelujah"? Where were contestants' recordings released after their performances? What was David Archuleta's performance of? Who was brought in as judge for season ten of Dancing with the Stars? Who is one of the's'? Who performed a version of "Hallelujah"? Where were contestants' recordings released after their performances? Who was the first rocker to win the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? When was David Cook announced as the winner of the show? Who was the first rocker to win the show? What was the name of the winning song? What contest was also held this season? In what year was the winning song released? What was the name of the winning song? When was the winning song released? In what year did Season 8 of House of Cards begin? Who was the widow of? What is Mike Darnell's job title? When did Season 8 of House of Cards air? When did Season 8 of House of Cards air? Who is the president of alternative programming for Fox? Who was the widow of? Who was the fourth judge on Dancing with the Stars? How long was the Hollywood round extended to in 2009? What show did Nigel Lythgoe leave to focus on? Where was the Hollywood round moved to in 2009? Why was Idol Gives Back canceled? How many judges does Kara DioGuardi have? Who was the fourth judge on Dancing with the Stars? What show did Nigel Lythgoe leave to focus on? Where was the Hollywood round moved to in 2009? Which season of Idol was canceled due to the global recession? How many finalists were there this season? Who received the fewest votes? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who were eliminated on the next week? How many finalists were there this season? How many finalists were eliminated in the first result show of the finals? Who received the fewest votes? Who were the two finalists? Along with Adam Lambert, who was the other finalist? What state was Allen's home state? How many votes were cast in Allen's home state? Along with Adam Lambert, who was the other finalist? Which season was the most controversial voting result since? How many votes were cast in Allen's home state? Who was accused of influencing the Arkansas vote? What was the name of the coronation song released by Allen and Lambert? Who co-wrote the song "No Boundaries"? What was the name of the coronation song released by Allen and Lambert? Who co-wrote the song "No Boundaries"? What did the first season in which a winner failed to achieve? How many albums from that season achieved platinum album status in the U.S.? In what year did Season 9 of House of Cards begin? Who joined as judge to replace Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? At what event did Ellen DeGeneres replace Paula Abdul? When did Season 9 of House of Cards premiere? Who did Ellen DeGeneres replace? Who joined as judge to replace Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week? At what event did Ellen DeGeneres replace Paula Abdul? Who was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis? Who was the producer of Dancing with the Stars? What caused Crystal Bowersox to fall ill? Who was hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis? What week was Crystal Bowersox in? What was rearranged so the boys performed first? Who was the producer of Dancing with the Stars? What was Ken Warwick's job title? Who was given the Judges' Save? Where did Michael Lynche rank in the Judges' Save? Who was the first Idol alum to mentor? How much money did Idol Gives Back raise? Who was given the Judges' Save? Who was the first Idol alum to mentor? Who was present in the finale of The Daily Show? What was presented in the finale of the show? Who was present in the finale of The Daily Show? Who made an appearance on The X-Files? Who was the final two contestants? What was the cover song of U2? When was DeWyze declared the winner? Along with Bowersox, who was the final two contestants? What was the cover song of U2? What was Patty Griffin's cover of? In what year did Season 10 of Stranger Things premiere? How many seasons of the show did it air? Who is the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? Simon Cowell left to launch what U.S. version of what show? Who returned as executive producer of The X Factor? When did Season 10 of Stranger Things premiere? Who returned as executive producer of The X Factor? Who joined Randy Jackson as judges? Who is the chairman of the Interscope Geffen A&M label group? What season of Myspace was the first to feature online auditions? What online website is the first to offer online auditions? What online website is the first to offer online auditions? Myspace is one of the first places to offer what kind of audition? What online website is the first to offer online auditions? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? Medina was cut in what round of the Top 40? Who missed the Top 13 result show twice? Who missed the Top 13 result show twice? Who was one of the more prominent contestants this year? In what round was Medina cut? Who missed the Top 13 result show twice? What show did Casey Abrams miss? Who missed the Top 13 result show twice? Who was eliminated on April 7, 2011? Who was an actor who was eliminated from the show? Who was eliminated on April 7, 2011? Who was an actor who was eliminated from the show? What kind of singer were Alaina and McCreery? Who was one of the two finalists in 2011? What is the name of the first single that McCreery released? What song did Alaina release? What was the first debut album by an Idol winner to reach No. 1 on the US Billboard 200? When did McCreery win? Who was one of the two finalists in 2011? Who was the youngest male artist to reach No. 1 on the Billboard 200? In what year did Season 11 of House of Cards begin? What place did Jermaine Jones join in the Top 24? Who was the finalist to join the Top 25? When did Season 11 of House of Cards air? Who was the finalist to join the Top 25? On what date was Jones disqualified? What was Jones disqualified for? Which finalist suffered from kidney pain? What was Phillip Phillips' blockage caused by? How many surgeries did Idol have during his run? Which finalist suffered from kidney pain? Which finalist suffered from kidney pain? What did finalist Phillip Phillips suffer from? Who received the fewest votes during the Top 7 week? Who received the fewest votes during the Top 7 week? Who was the only contestant sent home? In what two seasons did Sanchez make it to the finale? Which week did Sanchez receive the fewest votes? Who received the fewest votes during the Top 7 week? Who was the only contestant sent home? Who did Ace Young propose to? How many seasons did Ace Young win? How many season did Diana DeGarmo win? Who beat Sanchez? What season did Ace Young win? What season did Ace Young propose to? What was the name of Phillips' coronation song? What was Sanchez's coronation song? What was the name of Phillips' coronation song? What was Sanchez's coronation song? What was the name of Phillips' coronation song? In what year did Season 12 of House of Cards begin? What judges are Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler? Who leaked the video of the dispute between Carey and Minaj? When did Season 12 of House of Cards air? How many judges did season nine have? How many females did the top 10 contestants start with? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants started with five males and five females? How many females did the top 10 contestants start with? Who was the last male to be eliminated? How many contestants were given an extra week to perform? Who won the season? Who was Candice Glover's runner-up? What did Glover release as a single? What did Harrison release after the show? Who won the season? Who was Candice Glover's runner-up? What did Glover release as a single? What did Harrison release after the show? What was the first season that Glover was not signed by a label? Who was the last judge left after the season? How many seasons did Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj leave? Who was the last judge left after the season? Which two judges left after one season to focus on their music careers? In what year did The Thirteenth season air? Who was the host of the thirteenth season of The Simpsons? What was Keith Urban's role on the judging panel? Who did Louis J. Horvitz replace as director of the show? When did the thirteenth season of American Idol air? Along with Keith Urban and Randy Jackson, who returned to the show? Along with Harry Connick Jr., what former judge joined Urban on the panel? What former mentor of Jennifer Lopez joined Urban on the panel? Who were executive producers of the show? Who received the fewest votes in the Top 8? What was the 500th episode of the series? What were contestants allowed to perform in the final rounds of the show? Who received the fewest votes in the Top 8? In what place did Sam Woolf receive the fewest votes? What was the 500th episode of the series? Who was named the winner of the season? Who was the runner-up? What was the name of Johnson's coronation single? What is the name of Irene's single? Who was named the winner of the season? Who was the runner-up? What was the name of Johnson's coronation single? What is the name of Irene's single? In what year did the fourth season of The Simpsons premiere? Who returned to host the fourth season of Dancing with the Stars? Who was the eighth season runner-up? What were Jennifer Lopez, Keith Urban and Harry Connick, Jr.'s duties on the show? Who did not return as the in-house mentor for this season? When did the fourth season of The Simpsons premiere? Who was the eighth season runner-up? How many episodes a week are shown on the final ten of The Simpsons? Which company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which company continued to sponsor the show even after it ended? What label did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? How many episodes a week are shown on the final ten of The Simpsons? Which company ended their longtime sponsorship of the show? Which company continued to sponsor the show even after it ended? What label did the winner of the season receive a recording contract with? Who won the season? Who did Nick Fradiani defeat? Who released a single called "Forcefield"? What was the name of the single that Faviani released as his coronation single? What was the name of Jax's third place single? Who won the season? Who did Nick Fradiani defeat? What was the name of the single that Faviani released as his coronation single? What was the name of the single released by Beckham? Who released a single called "Forcefield"? In what year was the fifteenth season of American Idol announced? How many episodes of American Idol will air on Fox? How many episodes of American Idol did Fox air in 201? What is the role of Seacrest on the show? Who is the show's host? When did Fox announce the fifteenth season of American Idol? Who is the show's host? How many contestants have appeared in the finals of The Voice since 2012? In what year did Idol begin? Which part of the United States has the majority of the Idol winners come from? Where is Chris Daughtry from? Where is Chris Daughtry from? How many of the fourteen Idol winners have come from the Southern United States? Who is one of the other finalists from the American South? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants in January 2010? What percentage of people in the East Central region were likely to watch American Idol in 2009? How many CDs were sold by Idol contestants in January 2010? What percentage of Idol CDs were sold by contestants with ties to the American South? Who is the season five winner of The Voice? Which state is Taylor Hicks from? Where do many Southerners get their start in public singing? Where do many Southerners get their start in public singing? Which state is Taylor Hicks from? What does WGWG stand for? Who was named the winner of American Idol? What is the name of the book by Richard Rushfield? How many consecutive seasons has a white male played the guitar? What instrument does a white male play? What does WGWG stand for? Who was the winner of American Idol? Who was named the winner of American Idol? Which company was criticized for giving excessive control to contestants? Who beat Clay Aiken in season two? Who did Ruben Studdard beat in season two? When did DialIdol shut down? How many text votes did season 8 have? When did Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken? When did the texting controversy begin? Concerns about what have been expressed from the very first season? When did Vote for the Girls start? When did DialIdol shut down? What is the name of the charity event that started in season six? How much money has this event raised? What is the name of the charity event that started in season six? When did the Idol Gives Back event begin? In what year did American Idol premiere? How many viewers did Fox's first show draw? What was the audience of The Walking Dead on finale night? When did American Idol debut? When did American Idol premiere? How many viewers did Fox's first show draw? What was the audience of The Walking Dead on finale night? How many viewers watched the first season of Stranger Things? What was the average viewers per episode? Who won the finale of American Idol? When did American Idol become the most watched series on American TV? Which season was the highest rated? How many viewers watched the first season of Stranger Things? What was the average viewers per episode? How many seasons did American Idol have? What season of American Idol premiered with the highest-rated debut episode? What season of American Idol premiered with the highest-rated debut episode? What was the show called? What network aired The Cosby Show? What season of American Idol premiered with the highest-rated debut episode? What was the show called? What trend did season six show in viewership? What did season six show? What season did the loss of viewers continue into? What caused the ratings to drop? What season did the loss of viewers continue into? Who was eliminated from the show? What season did the loss of viewers continue into? Fox became what for the first time since its inception? What caused the ratings to drop? Which network broke Idol's six-year streak of perfection? What network is All in the Family a part of? In what year did NBC broadcast the Winter Olympics? What Olympic event did NBC broadcast on February 17? How many viewers did NBC's coverage of the Winter Olympics attract? How many years had Idol's streak of perfection been broken? What was the median age of the first season of the show? What was the median age of the viewer this season? What was the median age of the viewer this season? What was the median age of the first season of the show? For how many consecutive years did American Idol lose the leading position in total viewers? What network did American Idol come in second to? For the first time in how many years did American Idol lose the leading position in total viewers and the 18/49 demo? What was the average viewers for the season? What was the average viewers per episode? In what year was American Idol first ranked in the Nielsen Top 30? How many viewers did the finale draw? What was the average viewers for the season? What was the major sponsor of season 14? How many viewers watched the finale of season four? How many episodes were on American Idol? On what date was the fifteenth season of American Idol announced? How many viewers watched the finale of season four? How many episodes of American Idol were there in the 90s? For how many consecutive years has Fox been the number one U.S. TV network among adults? What network was the number one US TV network amongst adults 18-49 in 2012? What network was the number one US TV network amongst adults 18-49 in 2012? Who is Fox's creator? Along with So You Think You Can Dance, what non-singing TV show did Dancing with the Stars help inspire? Along with The Sing-Off, Rising Star and The X Factor, what is an imitating singing competition show? What is one of the most successful shows in the history of television? What is one of the most successful shows in the history of television? What is one of the most successful shows in the history of television? How many number one singles did American Idol have in its first 10 years? Who is the president of Mediabase? Which winner had over four million radio spins by 2010? How many number one singles did American Idol have in its first 10 years? Who is the author of books on the Billboard charts? How many total radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many radio spins did Kelly Clarkson have in 2010? How many albums did American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many singles and digital track downloads did American Idol alumni have in 2013? How many albums did American Idol alumni have as of 2013? How many singles and digital track downloads did American Idol alumni have in 2013? Who won an Academy Award for her performance in Dreamgirls? What is Debra Byrd's job? In what theater is the impact of American Idol strongly felt? Who won an Academy Award for her performance in Dreamgirls? Which film did Jennifer Hudson appear in? Who recommended Jennifer Hudson to audition for the role of Dreamgirls? What magazine did Ken Tucker work for? What did the season one winner sing at the Lincoln Memorial? Who said that American Idol is entertaining? What magazine did Ken Tucker work for? Who said that American Idol is a conniving multimedia monster? Where did the season one winner sing the national anthem? What magazine did Michael Slezak work for? Who did Ramin Setoodeh accuse of being cruel? Which singer disparaged the contestants? What magazine did Ramin Setoodeh work for? What does Sheryl Crow think the show promotes? Who is a popular music critic? Who did Ramin Setoodeh accuse of being cruel? Which singer disparaged the contestants? Who turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? In what year did LeAnn Rimes win the Best Female Artist award? Who commented on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who was a mentor on American Idol? Who won the Best Female Artist award in 2006? Who did LeAnn Rimes compare Carrie Underwood to? Who commented on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards? Who turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol? Which format has the most impact on the show? What format has the most impact on the show? How many Primetime Emmy Awards did Bruce Gower win? Who directed the show Idol? How many Creative Arts Emmys did ABC win in 2007? What is the name of the edition of Idol? How many years did American Idol win an Emmy? What award did Idol Gives Back win in 2007? How much money did the show generate for the year 2004? What is one estimate for total TV revenue for the first eight seasons of American? What is the name of the Disney theme park attraction? How much money did the show generate for the year 2004? Who did American Idol partner with for their theme park attraction? When did American Idol become the most expensive series on broadcast networks for advertisers? How much did viewers pay for the finale of American Idol? How much did a 30 second spot cost for ad revenue in 2014? What was the average price of season seven of House of Cards? How many seasons did American Idol air? What was the advertising revenue of Spike's first season? In what season did the sponsorship deal begin? In what season did the sponsorship deal begin? What was the third major sponsor of Idol? When did Coca-Cola end its sponsorship of American Idol? How many seasons has the show been on? How much did the sponsorship deal cost in season one? How much did the sponsorship deal cost in season 7? What was the third major sponsor of American Idol? What did AT&T promote as a way to vote? How many product placements did Idol have by season six? Who is Coca-Cola's archrival? PepsiCo sponsored the American version of what show? Who is Coca-Cola's archrival? PepsiCo sponsored the American version of what show? What was Pepsi's place in the United States in 2010? What season was the most successful? What was the name of the chocolate candies that was a sponsor of the season nine tour? Who was added to the season twelve tour? What company was the original sponsor for the first seven seasons of the show? What was the name of the chocolate candies that was a sponsor of the season nine tour? What season was the most successful? In what season were live performances and studio recordings made available on iTunes? For how many seasons were the recordings released as a compilation album? Where were live performances and studio recordings available during season seven? Along with recordings of contestants' performances, what does American Idol traditionally release for sale? How were the first five seasons released? What distinction did American Idol have? Where were live performances and studio recordings available during season seven? Who owns the rights to phonographic material recorded by contestants? Who was the music label for American Idol in 2010? What label does Bertelsmann Music Group belong to? Who owns 19 Recordings? Who owns the rights to phonographic material recorded by contestants? What label does Bertelsmann Music Group belong to? Who did BMG partner with to form a joint venture? What label replaced Sony as the music label for American Idol? What company debuted "The American Idol Experience"? In what year was "The American Idol Experience" released? In what year did the attraction close? Who co-produced this live production? On what date was "The American Idol Experience" released? Where is the Hollywood Studios theme park located? What did the winner of the finals show receive? When did the attraction close? How many nations outside of the United States is American Idol broadcast to? Along with CTV Two, what channel aired American Idol in Canada? In what year did Yes TV announce it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol? Who picked up Canadian rights to American Idol in 2014? How many nations outside of the United States is American Idol broadcast to? Which television networks broadcast American Idol in Canada? Who picked up Canadian rights to American Idol in 2014? Who broadcast the twelfth season of the Italian telenovela? In the United Kingdom, how many days after the United States is an episode aired on ITV2? What network broadcasts Southeast Asia? On what days of the week are there usually nine or ten hours after the first? What network broadcasts Southeast Asia? Who broadcast the twelfth season of the Italian telenovela? What is another term for producers who planted the seeds of controversy? How many consecutive years did Spike win? How many consecutive years has Spike won? What is the name of the domestic dog? What kind of dog is Canis lupus familiaris? How long has the domesticated canid been selectively bred for? Along with physical attributes, what attributes have domesticated dogs been selectively bred for? When were genetic studies done on dogs? How many years ago did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? Where did dogs diverge from an extinct wolf-like canid? What type of diet do dogs thrive on? What was done to determine that dogs came from a wolf-like canid? What is the nickname given to people who have had an impact on human society? What is the nickname given to people who have had an impact on human society? What are dogs a source of in some cultures? What is the Proto-Germanic term for finger-muscle? The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of what language? What does the English word dogge come from? The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of what language? What was the general word for all domestic canines in 14th century England? What is another name for hound? By what century had hound become the general word? What was the general word for all domestic canines in 14th century England? By what century had dog become the general word? What did hound refer to? What Proto-Indo-European word is the word "hound" derived from? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the French term for a spring? What is the process of birth called? What is a female called in breeding circles? What is a female called in breeding circles? What is a group of offspring called? What is the father of a litter called? What is the mother called? What are early spring dogs called? What species did Linnaeus classify in Systema Naturae? In what year did Linnaeus publish Systema Naturae? Who was the taxonomist who published Systema Naturae? What animal was recorded as Canis lupus? What is the name of the first edition of the Mammal Species of the World? What species did Linnaeus classify in Systema Naturae? What is another term for a dog? What does the wolf's name mean? What is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog? In what year was the first edition of Mammal Species of the World listed Canis familiaris? In what year did the ICZN rule that wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are one species? What was the name of the third edition of? What name do a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer? Who ruled in 2003 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, what is the scientific name of that species? What name do a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer? Who ruled in 2003 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, what is the scientific name of that species? What did the ICZN rule in 2003? What supported dogs and gray wolves forming two sister monophyletic clades? What is the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves considered to be? What kind of people were the earliest dogs? What wolf is the Arctic dog breed closest to? What group did the earliest dogs come from? Along with the Taymyr wolf, what other wolf did genome sequencing reveal? What wolf is the Arctic dog breed closest to? What breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal? What do dogs have teeth for? What kind of scavengers are dogs? What part of the body does a dog have? Along with sprinting, what endurance trait does a dog have? What do dogs use teeth for? What kind of scavengers are dogs? What are dogs variable in? What was the largest dog known? What was the largest dog known? What type of coat is common with dogs originating from colder climates? What type of hair does the single coat have? What type of coat is common with dogs originating from colder climates? What type of coat is single? What is a common natural camouflage pattern for dogs? On what surfaces of a countershaded animal will dark coloring appear? What is a common natural camouflage pattern for dogs? What coloring does a countershaded animal have on its upper surfaces? What does dark coloring on a countershaded animal reduce? What shape is a dog known for? What state does a dog's tail communicate? What shape is a dog known for? What are elbow and hip dysplasia and trick knees? What are fleas, ticks, and mites? What kind of dog is pyometra? Who does pyometra affect? What are fleas, ticks, and mites? What are common household ingestibles considered to be to dogs? What is an example of an ingested substance? What type of nuts are considered to be toxic to dogs? What type of poisoning is chocolate solids? What are common household ingestibles considered to be to dogs? What substance can be dangerous in tobacco? What type of chocolate is toxic to dogs? How many years does a mixed breed live on average? Is the lifespan of a species shorter or shorter than its lifespan? In what year did a study show that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds? How long do mixed breeds live on average compared to pure breeds? What is the median lifespan of dogs? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux breed? What are the median longevities of the Miniature Bull Terriers? What breed has the shortest lifespan? What is the median lifespan of the Dogue de Bordeaux breed? What is the median longevities of dogs? What is the name of the dog believed to be the longest lived? Who was the world's oldest living dog? When did Bluey die? What is the name of the dog believed to be the longest lived? When did Bluey die? Who was the world's oldest living dog? How many years old can a dog's sexual maturity be delayed for some dogs? What does the body prepare for during estrous cycles? How old can a dog be before sexual maturity? When will female dogs have their first estrous cycle? How long do dogs bear their litters after fertilization? What is the average gestation period for a dog? How many puppies does an average litter of dogs have? How many puppies do toy dogs have in each litter? What is the average gestation period for a dog? How many puppies does an average litter of dogs have? How many puppies do toy dogs have in each litter? What is the term for the sterilization of animals? What organization advises that dogs not intended for further breeding should be neutered? What part of a male reproductive organ is removed during neutering? What parts of a female's body are removed in order to prevent pregnancy? What part of a male reproductive organ is removed during neutering? What parts of a female's body are removed in order to prevent pregnancy? What should dogs not intended for further breeding be done? What reduces problems caused by hypersexuality? What does neutering increase the risk of in female dogs? What breed of dog is more likely to develop cancer? What does neutering increase the risk of in female dogs? Along with urinary incontinence and osteosarcoma, what cancer can be found in males? With whom did a study show that he knew the labels of over 200 different items? What is another name for a border collie? What are two examples of human body language? What dogs were found to outperform domestic dogs in a non-social problem solving experiment? Why do modern domestic dogs use humans? What is the ability of a dog to perceive information? How many different labels did Rico know? What kind of memory skills do dogs have? How many words could a border collie associate by verbal command? What is the estimated age of the oldest domesticated dog? Who have dogs learned to communicate with? What do these skills parallel? Who have dogs learned to communicate with? Who have dogs learned to communicate with? What is the internally coordinated responses of dogs to external stimuli called? What have dogs acquired the ability to do with humans? The social-cognitive skills of what group do these skills parallel? What are gustatory communication? Along with vocalization and body posture, what other way do humans communicate with dogs? What is the term for how dogs speak to each other? Along with vocalization and body posture, what other way do humans communicate with dogs? What kind of dogs are gray wolves? What may be the cause of a dog's limp ears? What are there to distinguish gray wolves from domestic dogs? How often do gray wolves enter estrus? What were dogs initially selected for? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs? What traits indicate selection during dog domestication? What is the fight-or-flight response called? What do dogs generally show compared to wolves? What were dogs initially selected for? Why were dogs initially selected? How many fixed genes showed variation between wolves and dogs? What type of aggression do dogs show compared to wolves? What is the estimated global dog population? What is the estimated global dog population? What are dog population estimates based on? What type of predator are large dogs? What kind of ness do wolves display when attacking humans? What type of animal can be killed in territory disputes? What type of predator are large dogs? Reports from Croatia indicate wolves kill dogs more frequently than they kill what animal? What animals limit feral dog populations in Russia? Tigers in Manchuria, Indochina, Indonesia, and Malaysia kill dogs with the same vigor as what animal? What are major predators of village dogs in Turkmenistan, India, and the Caucasus? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? Which animal has a predilection for dogs? What animal is reputed to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards? What reptiles have been known to kill and eat dogs? What are major predators of village dogs in Turkmenistan, India, and the Caucasus? What is another term for carnivores? What types of foods do dogs eat? What type of carnivore is the cat family? What are dogs sometimes described as in scholarly writings? What are dogs not dependent on in order to fulfill their basic dietary requirements? What type of digestion do dogs have adaptations in genes involved in? How old are most dog breeds? What are dogs artificially selected for? What type of breeding has caused the dog to develop into hundreds of different breeds? What breed of dog has the tallest withers? How old are most dog breeds? How many different breeds has the dog developed into? What color are grays usually called? Along with natural selection and natural selection, what has helped to create certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? Along with natural selection and selective selection, what has reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs? Who keeps dog breeds? What has given rise to dog types and dog breeds? Along with dog types, what other type of dog is influenced by natural selection and selective breeding? What kind of classifications are dog breeds? How do kennel clubs classify dogs? How many major types of dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are two examples of old world dogs? What type of dog is a Border Collie? How many major types of dogs can be said to be statistically distinct? What are Malamute and Shar Pei dogs? What is another term for modern dogs? What is an example of a complex behavior inherited from wolves? What may account for dogs trainability, playfulness, and ability to fit into human households? What has dogs relationship with humans enabled them to become? What is an example of a complex behavior inherited from wolves? To what group of people did dogs have a significant impact? What is one of the roles dogs have in society? What is the nickname given to people who have had an impact on human society? What are dogs considered in some cultures? What would dogs have cleaned up? What is the Australian Aboriginal expression for an exceptionally cold night? What did dogs use their acute hearing to provide? How would dogs have improved sanitation? What is the Australian Aboriginal expression for an exceptionally cold night? A 2004 study of hunter groups with and without dogs gives support to the hypothesis that the benefits of what was an important factor in wolf domestication? In what year was a study done on hunter groups with and without dogs? What sense of smell do somethropologists believe would be a benefit of dogs? What is the relationship between the presence of a dog and success in the hunt often mentioned as a primary reason for? What dogs did one writer suggest were crucial to the success of the waves that entered North America? What bridge did Siberians cross to reach North America? How many years ago were the earliest canids found in North America? When did the first wave of dog-like canids enter North America? Dogs were an important part of life for what people in North America? Dogs carried much of the load in the migration of which two tribes? What animal introduced dogs to North America? Along with an elderly human, what animal was found buried together at Ain Mallaha? What are the two most widespread forms of interspecies bonding? When did pet dog populations grow significantly? When did the role of the pet dog begin to change? Where were dogs kept more often in the 1950s and 1960s? Who has a long history of keeping dogs as companions? Where were dogs kept more often in the 1950s and 1960s? When did the role of the pet dog begin to change? What is the first step in shaping the dog? There have been two major trends in the changing status of what animal? How many major trends have there been in the changing status of pet dogs? What is the first step in shaping the dog? Dogs-as-dogs are included within what? What kind of forms are available to transform a pet dog into an ideal companion? In what century can dog training be traced to? What do dogs do to establish territory through scent? When can dog training be traced back to? What do dogs do to establish territory through scent? What activity can be traced back to the 18th century? What do most people describe their pet as? What is the name of the show that promotes the dominance model of dog-human interactions? What do most people describe their pet as? What is the name of the show that promotes the dominance model of dog-human relationships? What did dogs bring in from the lawn? What did dogs do in the dishwasher? Along with dog dancing, what is an activity in which the dog is an integral partner? What do dogs do as family members? What did dogs bring in from the lawn? How many people in the US have dogs? How many people in the US have dogs? What does MRF stand for? What do dogs and humans have the same response to? What part of the brain do dogs and humans use the same? What kind of sounds do dogs recognize? What does magnetic resonance imaging stand for? What type of human sounds do dogs recognize? What is a dog's nickname? What do pointers and hounds do? What kind of fishing equipment do fishermen use? What was the name of the first animal to orbit the earth? What breed of animal was Laika? What is a dog's nickname? What kind of dogs help fishermen with nets? What kind of fishing equipment do fishermen use? What was the name of the first animal to orbit the earth? In what year did Laika orbit the earth? What type of dogs provide assistance to individuals with physical or mental disabilities? What can a guardian of an epileptic dog ask for? What is another name for conformation shows? Who evaluates purebred dogs in conformation shows? What is the purpose of conformation shows? What does the breed standard only deal with? In what type of competitions are separately tested qualities not part of judging? Who evaluates purebred dogs in conformation shows? What does the breed standard only deal with? Along with ability, what is another separately tested trait that is not part of conformation shows? Where is dog meat consumed? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures regard consumption of dog meat as? What fat is believed to have medicinal properties in Poland? What is it called when people argue that there is no difference between dogs and livestock? What do Western, South Asian, African, and Middle Eastern cultures regard consumption of dog meat as? What is dog fat believed to have? What is the most popular Korean dog dish? What is bosintang? What is the purpose of gaejang-guk? What ingredients are used in gaejang-guk? When is bosintang-guk meant to balance the body's heat? What ingredients are used in gaejang-guk? How many people in the U.S. are bitten by dogs each year? In the 1980s and 1990s, how many fatalities did the US have per year? How many fatalities per year did the US experience in the 2000s? How many people in the U.S. are bitten by dogs each year? In what decade did the US average 26 fatalities per year? Are bites in children more or less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000 people in the US? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000 people in the US? Where do children have a higher chance of being bitten? What can a scratch lead to? In what state was a study done that found bites in children were less severe than bites in adults? What is the incidence of dog bites per 10,000 people in the US? What can a scratch lead to? Along with dogs, what animal contributes to the most deaths in the U.S.? What type of cars were more likely to be involved in dog-associated road accidents? What type of vehicles were more likely to be involved in dog-associated road accidents? What is toxocara canis? Where are toxocara canis eggs found? About how many cases of Toxocara infection are reported in the US each year? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? What is another term for toxocara canis? What percentage of the U.S. population is infected with Toxocara? About how many cases of Toxocara infection are reported in the US each year? What percentage of soil samples taken from public parks contained T. canis eggs? What can untreated toxocariasis cause? In what year did a paper come out stating that pet ownership was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What is there a significantly less of in children who live with pets? In what year did a paper come out stating that pet ownership was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease? What physical activity did people with pet dogs take more of than those without pets? What physical activity did people with pet dogs take more of than those without pets? What can protect against allergies and autoimmune diseases? What do dogs act as facilitators of between humans? In what year did a study show that pet owners were significantly more likely to get to know people in their neighborhood? What do people show reductions in in the presence of a pet dog? Who do wheelchair users have more positive social interactions with when accompanied by a dog? Where were animals introduced to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What can animal-assisted therapy with a dog increase? What did children with ADHD and conduct disorders who were in an animal-assisted program decrease? When did the practice of using dogs and other animals as a therapy date back to? Where were animals introduced to help socialize patients with mental disorders? What animal was used as a therapy in the 18th century? What type of therapy can increase social behaviors in people with Alzheimer's disease? What are medical detection dogs capable of detecting? How much larger are dogs' olfactory cortex compared to humans? How many times can dogs detect odour? How much larger are dogs' olfactory cortex compared to humans? How many cancer patients has Daisy detected? Who guards the gates of Hades in Greek mythology? What does Cerberus guard? What is the name of the dog that guards Helheim? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? What is Tadaklan the god of? What kind of mythology does the Chinvat Bridge belong to? Who guards the gates of Hades in Greek mythology? What is the name of the dog that guards Helheim? What is Tadaklan? Who is the pet of Tadaklan? Who do the hunters watch over? Who is the god of death? What kind of dog figurines are found at the Muthappan Temple? Who is the god of death? What do they watch over? What does Muthappan have a hunting dog as his? What kind of dog figurines are found at the Muthappan Temple? How are dogs viewed in Islam? What are dogs considered to be in Islam? Where is Hasan Küçük from? What are Muslims required to wear when searching mosques or Muslim homes? What are dogs considered to be in Islam? In what year did Hasan Küçük call for dog ownership to be made illegal in The Hague? Where did Islamic activists lobby for dogs to be kept out of Muslim neighborhoods? What are police sniffer dogs not allowed to contact? What do dogs represent in Christianity? Who do Jews have to make arrangements for feeding dogs before obtaining them? Jewish law requires Jews to do what to dogs? What do dogs represent in Christianity? How are dogs viewed in Asian countries? Along with Korea and Japan, in what Asian country are dogs viewed as kind protectors? How are dogs viewed in Asian countries? Where were dogs first depicted in art? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? Where were dogs first depicted in art? What scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance? What happened to the representations of dogs as they evolved? Dental and heart disease are some of the same health conditions as what? Who are incapable of mounting the female? What was the most common response of scavengers to being approached by strangers? What do scavengers do when approached by strangers? What is the majority of modern research on dog cognition focused on? What would wolves have gotten from living in human camps? What may have been one of the key forces that led to human success? Studies suggesting that physical health and psychological wellbeing have been criticized for being what? What do people who keep pet dogs or cats have fewer visits to? When was the torch relay started? How long did the relay last? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? What is another name for the torch relay? What was the theme of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay? Where were the plans for the relay announced? What is another name for the relay? How long is the torch relay? On what date did the Olympic Torch arrive in Beijing? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic games? When did the torch arrive in Beijing? How many continents does the torch pass through? What road has the torch traveled along? Where was the birthplace of the Olympic games? On what date did the Olympic Torch arrive in Beijing? Where did the torch travel to after it was lit? When did the torch arrive in Beijing? The relay included an ascent with a flame to the top of what mountain? How many people protested in San Francisco? How many protesters were there in Pyongyang? Were people protesting or demonstrating against China's human rights record? Who extinguished the torch? Who called the attacks on the torch "despicable"? What group of people outnumbered the protesters in San Francisco? Who overwhelmed the protesters in Australia, Japan, South Korea and Australia? Who overwhelmed the protesters in Australia, Japan, South Korea and Australia? What happened between protesters and supporters? Where were no major protests visible? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? What type of flags were banned from Olympic venues? What did the IOC decide to scrap in future editions of the games? Who was the president of the International Olympic Committee? What could happen to any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues? Who called for the relay to be scrapped? What did the IOC decide to scrap in future editions of the games? The Beijing Games' Organizing Committee cancelled the planned international torch relay for what event in 2008? The Beijing Games' Organizing Committee cancelled the planned international torch relay for what event in 2008? What is the name of the traditional Chinese design for the Olympic Torch? What is it made from? How much does it weigh? What is used to ignite and extinguish the flame? What is the name of the traditional Chinese design for the Olympic Torch? What is it made from? How many miles per hour winds does the torch travel per hour? How many centimetres high is the Michelob Ultra? What kind of fuel is used to fuel the torch? What type of plane did the torch travel in? What colors were the Olympic Torch painted in? When was Air China chosen as the Olympic torch carrier? What is the duration of the plane? What chartered aircraft did the torch travel in? What colors were the Olympic Torch painted in? What chartered aircraft did the torch travel in? How many days did the plane travel through 21 countries and regions? How many countries did the plane travel through? How many continents did the torch travel through? What was the first stop on the planned route? What two cities did the government of China in Taiwan object to being placed on the same level as? What continents did the torch travel through? Where did the Chinese flag and anthem of the Republic of China dispute? What two cities did the government of China in Taiwan object to being placed on the same level as? How many kilometers is the torch route in Taiwan? On what date was the Olympic flame lit? Where was Liu Qi's speech held? Who was the 2004 Summer Olympics silver medalist? Who played the role of a High Priestess? On what date did the Beijing games take place? Where was Liu Qi's speech held? Who played the role of a High Priestess? What medal did the first torchbearer win? Who was the 2004 Summer Olympics silver medalist? In what country did violent confrontations occur? What French hypermart was called for a boycott by Chinese? Who is the major shareholder of Carrefour? What did some add Nazism's Swastika to? Along with Hefei and Wuhan, in what Chinese city did protesters organize a protest against Carrefour? Who is the major shareholder of Carrefour? What was the Chinese government attempting to do to calm the situation? What French hypermart was called for a boycott by Chinese? What newspaper published an editorial in response to the demonstrations? What newspaper published an editorial in response to the demonstrations? In what manner did the People's Daily say Chinese people should express their patriotic aspiration? Where was the first Olympic torchbearer? Who was the President of Kazakhstan? Who was the first Olympic torchbearer? Where did the route run from Medeo stadium to? Who were arrested and deported back to China? What country was the first Olympic torchbearer? Who was the President of Kazakhstan? How many kilometers did the route run from Medeo stadium to Astana Square? What group of activists were arrested in China? On what date was the torch relay leg held in Istanbul? Where did the torch relay leg finish? On what Square did the torch relay leg start? Who protested Chinese treatment of their compatriots in Xinjiang? Where is the torch relay leg held? On what Square did the torch relay leg start? Where did the torch relay leg finish? Who protested Chinese treatment of their compatriots in Xinjiang? What happened to the protesters who tried to disrupt the relay? When did the Olympic torch arrive in Saint Petersburg? Where did the start of the torch relay start? Where did the torch relay finish? Who is a former PRIDE Heavyweight Champion? Where did the Olympic torch arrive in Russia? Where did the start of the torch relay start? Where was the finish of the torch relay? Who is a former PRIDE Heavyweight Champion? Where was the 2012 Summer Olympics held? On what date did the London Olympic torch relay leg begin? What was the cost of security for the torch relay? Where was the 2012 Summer Olympics held? Where did the London Olympic torch relay begin? Where did the torch relay leg end? How long was the leg of the bus? What did the London Olympic Committee describe the Chinese officials as? How many torch-bearers are in London? Who started the relay? Who refused to carry the torch? Who welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street without touching it? Who started the relay? How many torch-bearers are in London? Who refused to carry the torch? Where did Brown place the torch? Where did a demonstrator attempt to snatch the torch from Konnie Huq? On what date was the torch relay leg held in Paris? On what landmark did the torch relay leg begin? How did the torch finish the relay? Who did Douillet hand the torch over to? On what date was the torch relay leg held in Paris? Where was the torch relay leg held? On what landmark did the torch relay leg begin? How many French police guarded the Olympic torch relay? How many times was the flame put out? Who removed the Tibetan flag from City Hall? Who was the third torchbearer? What is the nickname given to Liu Xiang? What event did Chinese officials cancel? Who was the third torchbearer? What is the nickname given to Liu Xiang? Who removed the Tibetan flag from City Hall? Who erected a protest banner on the Eiffel Tower? Reporters Without Borders scaled what landmark to hang a protest banner? Reporters Without Borders hung an identical banner from what cathedral? What did Reporters Without Borders hang from the Eiffel Tower? Who erected a protest banner on the Eiffel Tower? Reporters Without Borders hung an identical banner from what cathedral? Where did the protesters gather? Who spoke about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? Who is the President of the French Tibetan community? Where did the pro-Tibet protesters gather? What kind of protest did the protesters have? Who spoke about the "lack of freedom of speech" in China? What did Jane Birkin speak about in China? In what session did all parties in Parliament request a pause? What did the banner on the door read? What did the protesters chant as the coach passed? French members of what government organized a protest? What session did all parties in Parliament request a pause in? What did the banner on the door read? What did the protesters chant as the coach passed? What did French police confiscate from demonstrators? What newspaper said the Chinese were given freedom of expression? On what street was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who is the Minister of the Interior? What did French police confiscate from demonstrators? Where was the Tibetan flag forbidden? Who is the Minister of the Interior? Who struck the cameraman knocked unconscious? Where did the North American leg of the torch relay take place? When did the North American leg of the torch relay begin? Who was the first Olympic champion swimmer? Where was the closing ceremony held? Who is the head of the U.S. Olympic Committee? Where did the North American leg of the torch relay take place? When did the North American leg of the torch relay begin? Who was the first Olympic torchbearer? Where was the closing ceremony supposed to take place? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives? What did China commit to in China? On what date were protests planned in New Delhi? When did the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approve a resolution addressing human rights concerns? Who approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives? Where did Richard Gere and Archbishop Desmond Tutu protest? What actor led the April 8 protests? On what bridge were the banners flown? What TV station did Laurel Sutherlin speak to? Who requested that the torch route be shortened in San Francisco? On what bridge were the banners flown? What San Francisco resident spoke to KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone? How many supporters of the activists are there? How many activists scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge on April 7, 2008? Where did the first runner in the relay go? Who was one of the torchbearers? Who was one of the torchbearers? In what district of San Francisco did the torch run end? Where did the torch run end? On what street did the torch resurface? When was the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Where is the torch relay leg held? Where did the torch relay leg begin? Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Who was the first torchbearer? What did people showered the parade route with? Who said he would not put out the Olympic torch? Where did the alternative march take place? What banner was displayed on the torch route? Who said he would not put out the Olympic torch? Where did the alternative march take place? What was displayed on the torch route? What banner was displayed on the torch route? What is the name of the NGO that tries to expose the human rights violations in China? Who is the outreach director of HRTR? What is the name of the non-profit run by Susan Prager? Which footballer caused a major setback to the relay? How many police officers were involved in the security operation? What was thrown in an attempt to extinguish the Olympic flame? What is the name of the non-profit run by Susan Prager? Which footballer caused a major setback to the relay? How many police officers were involved in the security operation? What was thrown in an attempt to extinguish the Olympic flame? What was the nature of the Olympic protests? What was the torch's only stop in Africa? When did the torch stop in Africa? Where did the relay begin? What was the torch's only stop in Africa? Which railway was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s? What stadium did the relay run to? What country was TAZARA Railway located in? Who lit the Olympic torch? Where was the only stop in the Middle East on April 14? When was Muscat the torch's only stop in the Middle East? Who was one of the torchbearers? Where was the only stop in the Middle East on April 14? How many kilometers did the relay cover? Who was one of the torchbearers? On what date did the Olympic torch reach Islamabad? At what stadium was the torch carried? Who spoke at the opening ceremony of the relay? Where did the Olympic torch reach for the first time? Where was the torch carried? On what date was the relay through New Delhi cut? How many runners participated in the relay through New Delhi? Who refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay? How many intended torchbearers were there? The relay through what city was cut short due to protests? How many miles was the relay through New Delhi cut to? How many runners participated in the relay through New Delhi? How many intended torchbearers were there? Who refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay? What event is the relay normally associated with? Who was the Indian ambassador to Beijing? Who is Kamal Nath? Who is India's Commerce Minister? When was the ambassador summoned to the Foreign Ministry? What holiday is the relay normally associated with? What are Republic Day celebrations considered? How many Tibetan exile communities does India have? What did Indian officials say about India? Who rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of the Tibetan exile community? How many Tibetan exile communities does India have? What did Indian officials say was out of the question? What unit did Indian officials refuse permission to? What does the combined effect of India and China cause to deteriorate? Who stated that they did not support the Olympic torch relay? What retired Indian Police Service officer refused to participate in the event? What is Kiran Bedi retired from? Which Bollywood actress pulled out of the Olympic torch relay due to personal reasons? On what date was a protest organized in Delhi against Chinese repression in Tibet? What retired Indian Police Service officer refused to participate in the event? Which Bollywood actress pulled out of the Olympic torch relay due to personal reasons? Where did the protest take place? Who broke up the protest? What did Bedi refer to herself as? When was the first Olympic flame relay through Thailand? Who is the GWF chairwoman? Who told the media that the Chinese Embassy provided them transportation? When was the first Olympic flame relay through Thailand? How many kilometers did the relay cover? Who did Thai authorities threaten to arrest? Who was the torchbearer? When was the Malaysia event held? What is the capital city of Malaysia? Where did the 16.5 km long journey begin? When was the last Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? Where did the 16.5 km long journey begin? What towers did the Olympic flame pass next to? When was the last Olympic torch relay held in Malaysia? How many personnel did the Special Action Squad have? What group demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in Kuala Lumpur? What group demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in Kuala Lumpur? What were the Chinese nationals hit with? What did the Chinese people yell at the Japanese family? What did Chinese volunteers forcefully take away from two Malaysians protesting at the relay? When did the Olympic flame reach Jakarta? Who requested that the relay be cancelled because of security concerns? Along with invitees, who was allowed inside the stadium? Where did the Olympic flame reach on April 22? How many kilometers of relay through Jakarta was cancelled due to security concerns? Why was the original 20 km relay through Jakarta cancelled? Where was the relay held? Where did protests take place? On what date was the Reconciliation Place event held? What Aboriginal elder presented the Olympic flame to Canberra? What did she give to the people who welcomed her? Who argued over the role of the Chinese flame attendants? In what city was the Reconciliation Place held? How many kilometers of Canberra's central areas did the event cover? What is the name of the central location of Commonwealth Park? Who kept the protesters and counter-demonstrators apart? What Aboriginal elder presented the Olympic flame to Canberra? What did China request permission to deploy along the relay route? What did the Chinese Students and Scholars Association call for Chinese Australian students to defend? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who is the Foreign Minister of Australia? Who did China request permission to deploy along the relay route? Who has been given powers to search relay spectators? Who is the chairman of the Australian Council of Chinese Organisations? Who was the Chinese Australian student who organized the anti-Beijing demonstrations? Who is the Foreign Minister of Australia? Who was the intended torchbearer? Who said Elizabeth's decision was "a very good example of peacefully making a point"? Who was the intended torchbearer? Who is the Foreign Minister of Australia? Who is the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? Up to how many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the relay? Who was closely involved in ensuring that anti-China protesters outnumbered Tibetan activists? Which Australian freestyle swimmer won the 2008 Olympic gold medal? How many pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the relay? How many Chinese supporters attended the relay? Who is the head of the Canberra torch relay committee? Who was closely involved in ensuring that anti-China protesters outnumbered Tibetan activists? Where was the 1998 Winter Olympics held? When was the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano? Where was the 1998 Winter Olympics held? What Winter Olympics did Nagano host? What was originally scheduled to be the starting point for the Olympic torch relay? What was previously the site of? How many Chinese guards were allowed to accompany the torch? Where was the 1988 Summer Olympics held? What Olympic event was held in Seoul? Where did the 24-kilometre route begin? Who clashed with protesters on the day of the torch relay? Where was the 1988 Summer Olympics held? What Olympic event was held in Seoul? When was the event held in Pyongyang? Who is the head of South Korea's parliament? Who did Kim pass the torch to? The relay began from the large sculpted flame of what obelisk? Where did Pak Du Ik run? When did the Olympic torch travel to North Korea? What did the crowd of people in Pyongyang wave? Who did Kim pass the torch to? What did UNICEF fear the relay would be used for? What is North Korea accused of? What is the name of the children's agency of the United Nations? Who did UNICEF withdraw from the relay? UNICEF withdrew their staff because it wasn't sure the relay would help its mission of what? What country is frequently listed as the world's worst offenders against human rights? When was the Ho Chi Minh City event held? Where was the event held in Vietnam? About how many torchbearers carried the torch from the Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium? Where did the torchbearers carry it from? Where did the torchbearers carry it to? In what city did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in 2007? What islands does Vietnam have a territorial dispute with China? What was the name of the county-level city that the Chinese government established in the disputed territories? Where did anti-Chinese demonstrations occur in December 2007? Who is the Prime Minister of Vietnam? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi prior to the rally? What is the real name of the prominent Vietnamese American blogger deported for planning protests against the torch? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's politicisation of the Olympics? How many anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi prior to the rally? What is the real name of Điếu Cày? What was the charge against Điếu Cày? Who wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's politicisation of the Olympics? What did the official website remove from the South China Sea? When was the Hong Kong event held? Who was the first Olympic medalist? Where was the ceremony held? Where did the torch relay end? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? When was the Hong Kong event held? Who is the Chief Executive of Hong Kong? What did Sha Tin use to cross Shing Mun River? How many torchbearers were selected to participate in the event? Who were the torchbearers? What type of inflatable items did members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China wear? What did the protesters want accountability for in 1989? Who wrapped the Tibetan snow lion flag around her body? Who took the protesters away? What does Chan claim about the Hong Kong government? What did the protesters believe the flame symbolized? Who was a Legislative Council member in Hong Kong? What did Christina Chan wrap around her body? What group did Danish sculptor Jens Galschiøt lead? What did Galschiøt paint for the Hong Kong Alliance relay? Why were Galschiøt and others denied entry to Hong Kong? Which Hollywood actress was questioned at the airport? According to Kwong, what is Hong Kong's policy? What group is led by Danish sculptor Jens Galschiøt? What did Galschiøt paint for the Hong Kong Alliance relay? Why were Galschiøt and others denied entry to Hong Kong? Which Hollywood actress was questioned at the airport? When was the Macau event held? Where was the ceremony held? How many torchbearers participated in this event? Who was the first torchbearer in the relay? There were too many non- what in the Macao Daily News list of torchbearers? When was the Macau event held? How many torchbearers participated in this event? Who was the first torchbearer in the relay? Who was the last torchbearer? Which newspaper criticized the list of torchbearers? On what website was a Macau resident arrested for posting a message on April 26? What website was shut down on May 2-4? Who was arrested for posting a message on cyberctm.com? On what website was a Macau resident arrested for posting a message on April 26? Who denied that the websites were politically motivated? When did the torch arrive in Sanya, Hainan? Who was one of the big names that attended the IOC celebration? When did the torch arrive in Sanya, Hainan? When did the torch return to China for the first time? What organization is the International Olympic Committee? Who was one of the big names who celebrated the arrival of the torch? What have Western reporters described Chinese media coverage as? What have Chinese netizens accused Western media of being? What French newspaper was criticized by the Chinese State press agency Xinhua? What has been distinct from coverage elsewhere in the torch relay? What have Western reporters described Chinese media coverage as? What group disrupted the torch lighting ceremony? What French newspaper was criticized by the Chinese State press agency Xinhua? What group did Xinhua accuse Libération of supporting? What did Chinese media focus on? What did the relay spectators do? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? What did Xinhua call the protesters? Who expressed understanding and support for the protestors? Which Chinese news agency quoted relay spectators who condemned the protests? What do the Chinese website say the torchbearers vow to run for? What should not be mixed? What did the Chinese website say the torchbearers vow to do? What should not be mixed? What newspaper published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What organization accused the Chinese media of bias? What have some Western media reported on Chinese accusations of? Who was the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What newspaper published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom? What organization accused the Chinese media of bias? What network is Cable News Network affiliated with? What network is Cable News Network affiliated with? Who called on CNN to apologize for allegedly insulting Chinese people? What was the title of the article published by the BBC? Who was the head of the BBC in China? How many people protested outside the BBC on April 19? Who was the head of the BBC in China? In what region of China was The Times banned from reporting? What newspaper published a report on April 20? What newspaper published a report on April 20? What did the Chinese government run on April 4? Who claims to have created Anti-cnn? Who claims to have created Anti-cnn? Who voiced suspicions that Anti-cnn may be a semi-government-made website? How many unarmed attendants did the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee send out? When was the Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit sworn in? What are the tracksuits worn by torch-bearers? What is one of the torch attendants called? How many unarmed attendants did the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee send out? When was the Beijing Olympic Games Sacred Flame Protection Unit sworn in? What type of clothing do the men wear? What is one of the torch attendants called? What French hypermart was being called for a boycott in China? Who is the major shareholder of Carrefour? Who did the LVMH Group donate funds to? What did some add Swastika to? Who is the major shareholder of Carrefour? What did Chinese protesters accuse the French of? What was the name of the anti-Japanese protests in 2005? What Chinese newspaper called for calm? What internet forum did the government patrol and censor? When did the Carrefour store protests occur? What was an example of an incident in which the Chinese government tried to calm the situation? What Chinese newspaper called for calm? Who attempted to calm the situation? When did the Carrefour store protests occur? Who is the Mayor of Nagano? What did Shoichi Washizawa call the city's hosting of the torch relay? What was attacked in Nagano? Who is the Mayor of Nagano? What did Shoichi Washizawa call the city's hosting of the torch relay? What was attacked in Nagano? What keeps the Olympic flame alight? When is the Olympic flame lit? What is Kwok-fung's official title? Chinese media have also reported on what person? Who initially gave Jin Jing little attention? How many additional teams of 40 attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? How many attendants will accompany the flame on its Mainland China route? What was the main impact of On the Origin of Species? What is the ultimate legacy of Principia Mathematica? Who is generally accepted to be the author of the works? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem definitively demonstrate? How could Gödel have come to this conclusion? When was Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem published? What did Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem definitively demonstrate? What is the ultimate substantive legacy of? Along with logic, epistemology and metaphysics, what subject did Popper's work draw connections between? When was Aims of Education published? What are "inert ideas"? What did Von Neumann think of education with inert ideas? When was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? When was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? When was The Aims of Education and Other Essays published? What did The Aims of Education and Other Essays contain? What did Von Neumann call ideas that are disconnected scraps of information? What type of teaching did Whitehead advocate? What did Whitehead believe a small amount of knowledge should be taught? What does Whitehead believe education should be? What does Whitehead believe education should be? What did Whitehead advocate teaching? What did Whitehead believe a small number of concepts could help a student connect to? What type of school model does Whitehead believe education should follow? Did he have any formal training in philosophy beyond his undergraduate education? What did Whitehead say about the question of whether science was descriptive or descriptive? What happened to Whitehead in later life? Who did Bertrand Russell write to about his ignorance of science? Outside of his undergraduate education, what other education did Von Neumann have? What was Bertrand Russell's profession? What rank is given to an amateur? What did Whitehead become in later life? What was Whitehead quoted as saying in 1927? Why do scientists and philosophers make metaphysical assumptions about how the universe works? What did Whitehead say people need to do? Why did Whitehead regard metaphysical investigations as essential to science and good philosophy? In Whitehead's view, scientists and philosophers do what all the time? Why are metaphysical assumptions not easily seen? What did Whitehead say people need to re-imagine if they want to make any real progress in science and philosophy? What did Whitehead consider essential to both good science and good philosophy? What did he reject in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology? What type of ontology did Whitehead reject? Why did Von Neumann use the term "experience"? What did Descartes separate from real existence? What did Whitehead call his metaphysical system? What idea did Whitehead reject? What type of ontology did Whitehead reject? What did Whitehead believe events are fundamentally in relation to one another? What term did Von Neumann use to describe the basic elements of reality? What did Whitehead's system become more widely known as? How have materialists mistaken the abstract for concrete? What three concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What are the main problems with neoclassical concepts? What is a single person philosophically described as? What does Whitehead call events that are progressively connected? What concepts fail to adequately account for change? Classical concepts fail to adequately account for what? What three concepts are problematic in Whitehead's view? What type of event is Whitehead referring to? What is a single person philosophically described as? What are the only fundamentally existent things in Whitehead's cosmology? A thing or person is often seen as having what? What are changes to a person's core identity seen as? A thing or person is often seen as having what? What are discrete things in Whitehead's cosmology? In Whitehead's cosmology, discrete "occasions of experience" overlap one another in what two things? To think of anything as having an "enduring essence" misses the fact that what? Identities do not define people, but what else do they do? Why is it easy and convenient to think of people and objects as remaining fundamentally the same? What should not prevent people from realizing about material substances? What did Whitehead point to as one of the main reasons for maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What does Whitehead point out about the idea that a person is the same from one second to the next? What did Whitehead point to as one of the main reasons for maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What did Whitehead point to as one of the main reasons for maintaining a materialistic way of thinking? What is it easy and convenient to think of people and objects as remaining fundamentally the same? What does each object consist of? What does the idea of matter as primary cause people to think of objects as being fundamentally separate in time and space? What is Whitehead's view of relations? How does the object view all other objects? What is a problem with materialism? What obscures the importance of relations? What does the object see as from all other objects? In what way is each object related to other things? How does Whitehead describe an entity? What is a real thing? What is a real thing? What is the difference between a relationship and a thing? How does Whitehead describe an entity? What would happen if a thing made strictly no difference to any other entity? Relations are not secondary to what a thing is? Whitehead describes any entity as in some sense nothing more and nothing less than the sum of its relations to other entities – its synthesis of and reaction to what? A real thing is just that which forces the rest of the universe to do what? Where is the most interest in Whitehead's work? Who was the first theologian to attempt to interact with Whitehead's thought? When was "Nature, Man and God" published? What types of practices did Isabelle Stengers write about? What fields of study do people interested in Whitehead's work come from? Where were early followers of Whitehead found? Who initiated an interest in Whitehead's work? Who is the most notable Whitehead scholar? Which professors made Whitehead's philosophy arguably the most important intellectual thread running through the Divinity School? Where is Whitehead thought to be growing the most quickly? What are the challenges that China has begun to address? What has China begun to blend to address the challenges of modernization and industrialization? Which two process philosophers are becoming required reading for Chinese graduate students? What does Cobb attribute the Chinese interest in process philosophy to? What is one of Whitehead metaphysical ideas that may be counterintuitive? What is one reason Whitehead's influence has not been more widespread? What is one reason Whitehead's influence has not been more widespread? Why are Deleuze's and Latour's opinions different from others? What philosophy has historically had a close relationship with process philosophy? Who did Whitehead think highly of? Who is one example of a philosopher who advocates process philosophy and pragmatism? Who did Charles Hartshorne edit the collected papers of? Which neopragmatist was a student of Hartshorne? What has been the response to the film? Who are two people whose work has been influenced by Whitehead? What rendered Whitehead's view obsolete? What are phenonena observed locally? What must Whitehead's cosmology be considered? What award did Redirecting the Economy toward Community, the Environment, and a Sustainable Future receive? What was the name of John B. Cobb Jr.'s 1971 book? What book did Cobb co-author with Herman Daly? What was the name of Cobb's second book? What was the purpose of Cobb's second book? Who developed the FEELS model? What are the five things FEELS stands for? What is the purpose of education? What two groups cooperated in the creation of this work? Who is one of the leading figures with an explicitly Whiteheadian and panexperientialist stance towards management? What does Mark Dibben call his philosophy? Other than Applied Process Thought II, what other fields of thought does Dobben work on? What has Whitehead had some influence on? How does Dibben view applied process thought? In what decade did Whitehead begin to focus on metaphysics? What did Whitehead turn his attention to in the 1920s? Whitehead argued that reality consists of what? What does it mean? Which of Whitehead's works are regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to in the 1920s? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to in the late 1910s and early 1920s? What subject did Whitehead turn his attention to in the 1920s? What type of system did Von Neumann develop? Whitehead argued that reality consists of what? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? In what year was Alfred North Whitehead born? Who established Chatham House Academy? What was Alfred Whitehead's father's career? Who was Whitehead's mother? Where was Alfred North Whitehead born? In what year was Alfred North Whitehead born? What was Alfred Whitehead's father's occupation? Who was Whitehead's mother? Who was Whitehead's wife? In 1918 Whitehead accepted a number of high administrative positions within what university system? What position did Von Neumann hold at the University of London in 1918? What position did he hold at the University of London in 1920? In what year did Von Neumann leave for America? What degree was previously offered at Washington University? In what year did Whitehead's academic responsibilities begin to seriously expand? What position did Von Neumann hold at the University of London in 1918? What university was Imperial College London a member of? In what year did Von Neumann leave for America? Who wrote the biography of Whitehead? How did Whitehead's family handle his papers? What was Whitehead known for? What did Lowe say about Whitehead? How many volumes is Victor Lowe's biography of Whitehead? Who wrote the biography of Whitehead? What did Whitehead's family instructions? What did Whitehead believe in? What was the name of the third major work published by Whitehead? Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica? Who were the first two books of the series aimed at? What is the name of the 1911 edition of Principia Mathematica? What is Principia Mathematica considered to be? What subject did Whitehead write several books on? How many major books did Whitehead write on mathematics? Who co-wrote Principia Mathematica? What is the name of Bertrand Russell's work on Universal Algebra? When was A Treatise on Universal Algebra published? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to? What did Macfarlane say the main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods? What did Mathews say about the design of the EIC? What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions draw attention to the need to do? What quality did Mathews attribute to the variety of its themes? The main idea of Macfarlane's work is not unification of the several methods, nor generalization of ordinary algebra so as to include them, but comparative study of what? How long was Principia Mathematica originally supposed to take to complete? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? Why was the work initially published at a loss? How much money did Cambridge University Press pay for the three volumes? What was the initial loss of the Principia Mathematica? How long was Principia Mathematica originally supposed to take to complete? How long did it take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica? How many volumes did the work of Whitehead and Russell have? How many pages long was the three-volume work? Who paid the 300 pounds for the three volumes? Why is Popper's philosophical work so difficult to understand? One famous story illustrating the difficulty of Whitehead's philosophy centers around the delivery of what? What did Whitehead later publish after Eddington's lectures? Who struggled to follow Whitehead's work? What did Whitehead later publish after Eddington's lectures? When did Whitehead deliver Gifford lectures? How does his philosophical work compare to other works in the western canon? Did Mathews' frustration affect his interest in Whitehead's books? Why were philosophers and theologians at Chicago's Divinity School so critical of Whitehead? Who was one of America's only Whitehead experts? What happened to Wieman after his lecture? Who was frustrated with Whitehead's books? Where did many philosophers and theologians perceive the importance of Whitehead's work? When did Henry Nelson Wieman come to Chicago to give a lecture? Who was one of America's only Whitehead experts? What did the dean of Chicago's Divinity School do with the lecture? What has Process and Reality been called? What is the main reason Process and Reality has been misunderstood? What did Whitehead do that challenged western philosophy? What text is called "arguably the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century"? Who said Process and Reality demands that readers accept the adventure of the questions that will separate them from every consensus? What did Whitehead question western philosophy's most held assumptions about? What did Whitehead anticipate in the 21st century? What did Whitehead provide in response to 21st century scientific and philosophical problems? According to Whitehead, what is the principle of existence? Whitehead stresses that an entity is not merely a sum of its relations but also a valuation of them and what else? Most entities do not have what? What is one reason that there will always remain phenomena that are unpredictable? According to Whitehead, what is the principle of existence? What must be emphasized about an entity? Does Whitehead believe that every entity has some degree of novelty? Where does the term "prehension" come from? What is representative perception? What term did Popper come up with? What language does the term "prehension" come from? What does prehensio mean in English? The term perception can be what? How many modes does Whitehead believe perception occurs in? What does the term "conscious perception" mean? What is the difference between entities and entities? What are the two modes Whitehead sees perception as occurring in? What is the sense of causal relations between entities? Is mistaking an image in a mirror delusive? What does Whitehead describe as the experience dominating the primitive living organisms? What is pure sense perception? What is pure sense perception? What does Whitehead describe causal efficacy as? Presentational immediacy is usually referred to as what? What dominate the basic mentality? The two modes of perception combine into what Whitehead terms? What dominate the basic mentality? What does Symbolic reference link appearance with? What do sense perceptions indicate? What does Symbolic reference do? What happens when an ordinary person looks up and sees a colored shape? What did Whitehead think an artist might have done instead of thinking about a chair? What does Whitehead say a dog would have done? What does Whitehead say about life? What is the mark of higher forms of life? What are the three goals of higher forms of life? What does Whitehead see life as directed toward? What value does Whitehead say life is deficient in? What are higher forms of life actively engaged in? How manyfold is the goal of living, living well, and living better? What does Whitehead see life as directed toward? What term describes the rise of life without a goal? What does Whitehead humorously say about complex organisms? What did Whitehead call the idea of God? What is Whitehead's most famous and pointed criticism of the Christian conception of God? What is the definition of God according to Whitehead? What does Whitehead believe about God? What did Whitehead believe ordered potentials exist in? The second nature of God is also known as what? What type of entity does Whitehead consider God to be? What did Whitehead's system require? What is God's consequent nature? What does it mean when God saves and cherishes all experiences? What is it called when God saves and cherishes all experiences forever? What happens when God saves and cherishes all experiences forever? How is God changed? How does he view God? According to Hegel, what is God alone? How does Whitehead view God and the world? How does he view entities in the world? How does God change things in the world? What was the core of religion for Whitehead? What was Whitehead's most famous remark about religion? What did Whitehead see religion as? What did Hume note about religion? What did Whitehead see religion as beginning in? What did Popper say religion necessitates the realization of? What is the meaning and value of the universe? What happens when the spirit surrenders itself to this universal claim? Why are the individual and social aspects of religion mutually dependent? How does Whitehead influence outside of his circle? Who called Whitehead "the greatest philosopher of the 20th century"? Outside of English speaking countries, where are Avicenna's primary works studied? Whitehead was a teacher and long-time friend of who? What did Gilles Deleuze think of Whitehead? Whitehead's work has been most influential in what field? Who was the most important early proponent of Whitehead's thought in a theological context? What is Charles Hartshorne widely credited with? Who are some notable process theologians? Process theology stresses what? How do process theologians view God? What does Hartshorne say about God? What is God's role in the world? What does C. Robert Mesle advocate? John B. Cobb, Jr. has written books on what subjects? What types of theories do Faber and Keller integrate Whitehead with? What was Charles Birch's profession? Who are the two futurologists who wrote Syntheism - Creating God in The Internet Age? Why is process theology difficult to define? How did Whitehead describe religion? What does religion do? What did religion serve for Whitehead? What is the task of religion to make philosophy applicable to everyday life? What was Mary Parker Follett known for? What do Stout and Staton see Whitehead and Follett as sharing? What is the name of the book written by Stout and Love? What do many asset managers do to protect their clients? What is one thing that leads to bad investments by asset managers? Who is compensated based on the volume of client assets under management? Why do asset managers expand their assets under management? What was supported by the choice of the risks associated with subprime-based credit assets? What was IndyMac's parent company? When did IndyMac Bank fail? What was the name of the first financial institution to run into trouble in the US? Which bank was the seventh largest mortgage originator in the U.S.? What was IndyMac Bank's parent corporation? When did Moody's and Standard & Poor's downgrade the ratings on a significant number of mortgage backed security bonds? What was IndyMac's capital ratio at the time of the lowered ratings? How much did IndyMac retain in its MBS portfolio? Along with Standard & Poor's and Moody's, what agency downgraded the ratings of IndyMac's mortgage backed security bonds? What is a "well capitalized" capital ratio? Which Senator would later point out that brokered deposits made up more than 37 percent of IndyMac's total deposits? What organization does FDIC stand for? How much in brokered deposits would Senator Schumer have been referring to? When did the regulator disallow IndyMac from acquiring new brokered deposits? How much was the threat of brokered deposits loss to IndyMac? How much did account holders withdraw from IndyMac in June 2008? How much of IndyMac's deposits were withdrawn in June 2008? How much money did IndyMac have to sell when the secondary market collapsed? Which Senator released a letter to the FDIC and OTS? What was the main cause of IndyMac's demise? What was the name of the bridge bank established to take over IndyMac Bank's assets? The FDIC guarantees the funds of all insured accounts up to what amount? How many depositors has the FDIC declared a special advance dividend to? When did the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship? When did the FDIC announce plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank? How many mortgage lenders went bankrupt between 2007 and 2008? What investment bank collapsed in March 2008? When did the financial crisis hit it's peak? When did Lehman Brothers file for bankruptcy? Along with Merrill Lynch, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Washington Mutual, Wachovia, Citigroup, and AIG, what company was a member of this group? What is the equivalent of a bank run on? What do money market funds invest in? When did the crisis hit it's most critical stage? How much money was withdrawn from money markets during one week? What was the TED spread on October 10, 2008? The credit crisis was caused by the implosion of what? The credit crisis was caused by the implosion of what? Investment banks and other entities in the shadow banking system could not provide what in exchange for mortgage backed securities? What is Geithner's title? How much of the U.S. lending mechanism was frozen? What is the main cause of the reduction in funds available for borrowing? Who stated that the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close the gap? What is likely to vanish forever? What does the traditional banking system lack to close the gap? How much of a collective net worth did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008? How much was the S&P 500 down from its 2007 high? What percentage had housing prices dropped from their 2006 peak? What was the value of total home equity in 2006? What was the total value of home equity in the U.S. by mid-2008? What type of default risk is a homeowner who has no equity considered to have? What is the problem with the economy? How many homeowners have little or nothing today? What does a business's creditworthiness depend on? How do the prospects of the company look in November 2008 compared to November 2007? What has the continuing development of the crisis prompted fears of? What is the name of the investment bank that stated that 2008 would see a clear global recession? How many quarters would the U.S. recession last? The economic crisis in what country involved all three of the major banks? What did governments do to try and fix the crisis? How much of the global consumption between 2000 and 2007 did the U.S. account for? What was the decline in GDP in Germany in the first quarter of 2009? What was the GDP of Mexico in the first quarter of 2009? Who depended on the U.S. consumer as a source of global demand? What caused declines in growth elsewhere in the US? What was Cambodia's growth forecast in 2009? What was the record amount of remittances sent by migrant workers in 2007? How many people in Bangladesh are living below the poverty line? What does Bruno Wenn recommend to attract new investors? What can cause a reduction in growth in the Overseas Development Institute? What part of the world was less affected by the credit crunch? What does FDI stand for? What gives them a significant cushion against? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? What was the unemployment rate in October 2009? What was the average hours per work week in 1964? What was the output of goods and services produced by labor and property located in the US in the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009? What year was the last unemployment rate higher than 10.1%? With fewer resources to risk in creative destruction, what flat-lined? Critics argue that Basel III doesn't address what problem? What creates apparently risk-free assets out of high risk collateral? What regulations did European regulators introduce for banks? Who argues that regulations have led to excessive lending to risky governments? What did the increased limits on leverage and limit counterparty risk increase? When did the U.S. recession end? When did the U.S. recession end? When did the crisis begin? What did the April 2009 issue of Time magazine say? When did President Obama declare that the markets were now stabilized? What two types of economies lagged behind before the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did emerging and developing economies account for from 2007 to 2014? What did advanced economies lead prior to the financial crisis? What percentage of global GDP did advanced economies account for from 2007 to 2014? Who led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? Who is the author of The Times? When did Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders report their findings? When did the first signs of decline in residential real estate occur? What does CMBS stand for? Other analysts support the contention that what happened after the crisis in residential real estate? Along with mortgage backed security, what type of product was assigned safe ratings by the credit agencies? How much money is in the "Giant Pool of Money"? How much had the pool of money grown from 2000 to 2007? Along with collateralized debt obligation, what type of product did investment banks offer? What type of bonds did the "Giant Pool of Money" seek higher yields than? What allowed financial institutions to obtain investor funds to finance subprime and other lending? What effect did collateralized debt obligation have on the housing bubble? What type of ratings did the securities first in line receive? Where does cash payments from multiple mortgages or other debt obligations go into? What type of securities had lower credit ratings but a higher rate of return? By September 2008, how much had housing prices declined from their 2006 peak? When did housing prices peak in the U.S.? How many properties were foreclosed on in 2007? What was the percentage increase in population between 2007 and 2008? By September 2009, what percentage of the population had risen to? What was the target for the federal funds rate from 2000 to 2003? What was the purpose of the dot-com bubble and 9/11? What did some economists claim the Fed needs to create to replace the Nasdaq bubble? What contributed greatly to the severity of the crisis? What encouraged borrowing? How much did the U.S. current account deficit increase from 1996 to 2004? What percentage of GDP did the U.S. current account deficit increase from 1996 to 2004? Where were these emerging economies mainly located? What is another word for "investment"? What type of capital flows into the U.S.? When did the Fed raise the funds rate significantly? What does ARM stand for? Do asset prices move inversely or inversely to interest rates? What did the Fed do between July 2004 and July 2006? What happened to U.S. housing and financial assets after the housing bubble burst? For what company was Richard M. Bowen III the Business Chief Underwriter? How many professional underwriters did Bowen oversee? What percentage of mortgages purchased by Citi were defective by 2006? How many mortgage companies did Citi purchase from? Defective mortgages increased to what percentage of production in 2007? What is the largest residential loan due diligence and securitization surveillance company in the US and Europe? What percentage of loans met their originators' underwriting standards? How many investment and commercial banks did the analysis on behalf of? What percentage of the sampled loans did not meet the minimal standards of any issuer? How many mortgages did Clayton review from January 2006 to June 2007? What term is given to unscrupulous lenders? Who used the bait-and-switch method? What type of mortgage would the interest charged be greater than the amount of interest paid? What is created when a credit consumer doesn't notice a loan transaction? What method did Countrywide Financial use to advertise low interest rates for home refinancing? Who sued Countrywide for unfair business practices? What type of mortgage allowed homeowners to make interest-only payments? What happened to homeowners in ARMs when their home equity declined? Who decided to seize Countrywide? What type of credit did Countrywide use to make high cost mortgages? Along with Geithner, who is an economist? Who is the U.S. Treasury Secretary? What organization said that Basel accords encouraged unconventional business practices? What did critics argue did not keep pace with financial innovation? What accords did the OECD study suggest encouraged unconventional business practices? What happened to financial institutions prior to the crisis? What type of financial instruments were used to achieve much of the leverage? What type of bailouts did these instruments create the need for? The instruments made it virtually impossible to reorganize financial institutions in what type of situation? What made it difficult for regulators to monitor and try to reduce financial institution risk levels? How many U.S. investment banks increased their financial leverage from 2004 to 2007? What is it called when someone experiences something like that? What allowed lower risk weightings for AAA securities? How much debt did these five institutions report in fiscal year 2007? Which bank went bankrupt and was liquidated? What is a behavior that may be optimal for an individual? What is it called when too many consumers are trying to save or pay down debt simultaneously? What is the paradox of thrift? Who described deleveraging as financial institutions that have too much debt relative to equity cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of their assets? What are financial institutions that have too much debt relative to equity unable to all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of? Who was the Federal Reserve vice-chair in April 2009? What did Yellen say it didn't take long before? What type of economic event is there? What are businesses doing to preserve cash? What process has spread to nearly every corner of the economy? What term refers to the ongoing development of financial products designed to achieve particular client objectives? What type of mortgage is a type of securitization? What is another name for credit default swaps? Subprime mortgages were bundled into what type of securities? What happened to the usage of these products in the years leading up to the crisis? When did CDO issuance peak? What was the estimated amount of CDO issuance in 2004? What was the peak of CDO issuance in 2007? Subprime and other non-prime mortgage debt increased from 5% to what percentage of CDO assets? What was the decline in CDO issuance by Q1 2008? What type of financial products went hand and hand with more complexity? What does it do to a single mortgage? What did these actors rely more and more on? Along with FICO scores, appraisals and due diligence checks, what other source of information did these actors rely on? In what year did a group of computer scientists build a model for the mechanism of biased ratings? What may the pricing of risk be measured by? What refers to the incremental compensation required by investors for taking on additional risk? What prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis? What kind of format is the format? How did the financial crisis impact the mortgage market? What did market participants not accurately measure? Why did market participants not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation? What was the average recovery rate for high quality CDOs? What was the recovery rate for mezzanine CDO? How much CDO were sold between 2005 and 2007? What organization is responsible for the usage of credit default swaps? How does AIG insure the obligations of financial institutions? When did the government take over AIG? How much money did the U.S. provide in government support to AIG between 2008 and 2009? What did AIG receive in exchange for a promise to pay money to party A in the event party B defaulted? Who commented that the super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks and started relying on the risk management methods of the banks themselves? As financial assets became more and more complex, what did financial assets become to value? Who did the rating agencies rely on? The authorities relied on the risk management methods of who? Investors were reassured by the acceptance of mathematical models by what agencies? Who published the book "Life After Copulas"? In what year was Merrill Lynch's conference held? What company held a conference in 2006 in London? What did the 2006 conference in London attempt to rectify? In what year was Merrill Lynch's conference held? Who was the President and CEO of the New York Federal Reserve Bank in 2008? When did Timothy Geithner become Secretary of the Treasury? What is another term for the shadow banking system? What is another name for the parallel banking system? What made these entities vulnerable? When did the shadow banking system close down? When did the shadow banking system close down? How much of the private credit markets became unavailable as a source of funds? Who stated that the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close the gap? How long does it take for the traditional banking system to generate sufficient capital to support additional lending volume? Which economist testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in 2010? What markets remain impaired, according to Zandi? How much did private bond issuance peak in 2006? How much private issuance was there in 2009? What program supports credit card, auto, and small-business lenders? What happened to commodity prices after the collapse of the housing bubble? How much did the price of oil increase from 2007 to 2008? How did the price of oil react to the financial crisis? What do some attribute the speculative flow of money from housing and other investments into commodities to? What does an increase in oil prices divert a larger share of consumer spending into? Who was the former director of the CFTC Division of Trading & Markets? What company did Greenberger specifically name? Who founded IntercontinentalExchange? What exchange had been regulated by both European and U.S. authorities since 2001? In what two cities did IntercontinentalExchange operate? Along with Margunn Bjørnholt, who is a feminist economist? Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in what branch of economics? Along with ecological economics, what economic theory do they believe should be expanded? What do Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt call for? Who is the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India? In what year did Rajan become the chief economist at the IMF? Where did Rajan deliver a controversial paper? What was the title of Rajan's paper? What are these risks known as? Who predicted the financial crisis? What did Raghuram Rajan instead speak of? Who is credited with predicting the crisis? How did the Austrian economic school view the crisis? Who was the former Fed Chair? Which magazine published a cover story claiming that economists mostly failed to predict the worst international economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s? What was the worst economic crisis in the 1930s reported by BusinessWeek? What is the name of the university's online business journal? Which economist warned of financial crisis as early as September 2006? What did The New York Times call Roubini? Who wrote The Black Swan? Who is the editor of the New York Times? What did Nassim Nicholas Taleb warn against? What type of stocks did Von Neumann bet on? Which market strategist believes distinctions exist between the current market malaise and the Great Depression? How much did the Dow Jones average fall over 17 months? What was the Dow Jones average's fall in the Great Depression? Who is the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times? What bank was one of the first victims? The highly leveraged nature of its business led the bank to request security from what institution? When did the bank run take place? When was the bank taken into public hands? What bank was one of the first victims? IndyMac often made loans without verification of what? What kind of appraisals were obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral? What kind of credit histories did IndyMac make loans to borrowers with? What type of option-adjustable-rate-mortgages does IndyMac use? IndyMac resisted efforts to tighten what? What percentage of the poorest families did not have declines at all during the crisis? What percentage of all Americans declined in wealth between 2007 and 2009? What percentage of the richest families had a decrease in total wealth? What percentage of the bottom of the pyramid experienced a decrease in total wealth? Half of what families did not have any declines during the crisis? Who predicted an extremely weak growth of GDP in 2009? By what percentage did the European Commission predict for 2009's GDP? What was the negative number for the UK in 2008? Who released numbers on November 6th? What was the percentage of growth over developed economies in 2009? What have the Federal Reserve and other central banks taken steps to do to avoid a deflationary spiral? What have governments done to offset the reduction in private sector demand caused by the crisis? What role was the Federal Reserve's new liquidity facilities intended to fulfill? What did the Federal Reserve do to help the central bank fulfill its traditional lender-of-last-resort role? What does a deflationary spiral lead to? What brought the global financial system to the brink of collapse? How much money did the central banks purchase from banks in 2008? How much did the governments of Europe and the USA purchase from their banks? Who was the 2010 Nobel Prize winner? What did banks do instead of spending money in more profitable areas? What did President Obama and key advisers introduce in June 2009? Executive pay, executive pay, bank financial cushions or capital requirements are examples of what type of protection? What type of trading did Obama want banks to engage in? Who is the Volcker Rule named after? Who is the Volcker Rule named after? When did the U.S. Senate pass a reform bill? When did the House pass a reform bill? What rule against proprietary trading is not part of the legislation? What body passed a reform bill in May 2010? What prevented the collapse of large financial institutions? How much did the 2008-2012 global recession cost? When did the active phase of the crisis begin? When did the global recession begin? Who terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds? When did the U.S. housing bubble peak? In what year did securities suffer large losses? What did overvaluation of bundled subprime mortgages cause housing prices to do? Overvaluation of bundled subprime mortgages caused what type of mortgage to increase? What type of holdings did banks and insurance companies lack? What report was released by the U.S. Senate? What act was repealed in 1999? Who concluded that the financial crisis was avoidable? Along with regulators and the market itself, who failed to prevent the excesses of Wall Street? Critics argued that governments did not adjust what kind of practices to address 21st century financial markets? What are MBS? What does CDO stand for? Who reported significant losses as housing prices declined? Who did financial innovation enable to invest in the US housing market? Where did CDO derive their value from? How many billions of dollars are estimated to have been lost worldwide? What is it called when a house is worth less than a mortgage loan? When did the foreclosure epidemic begin? Defaults and losses on what types of loans increased as the crisis expanded? What epidemic began in late 2006 in the U.S.? What financial institutions are also known as the shadow banking system? What financial institutions are also known as the shadow banking system? What process caused the financial system to expand and become increasingly fragile? What was the policy of the U.S. in the 1970s called that encouraged business? What has emphasized deregulation to encourage business? What type of losses did these institutions have to deal with? What effect did these losses have on the ability of financial institutions to lend? Concerns regarding the stability of key financial institutions drove who to provide funds? Who bailed out financial institutions? What type of losses did these institutions not have a financial cushion to absorb? When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? What concluded about the financial crisis? Who failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages? Who was ill prepared for the crisis? What type of firms were acting recklessly? What was happening to mortgage lenders during this period? In what year did the GSEs maintain relatively high underwriting standards? When were the worst loans originated? When were the worst loans originated? What type of enterprises have maintained relatively high underwriting standards? How many Democratic appointees were on the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? Who claims that the GSE never purchased subprime loans? What was not the primary cause of the financial crisis? What type of loans performed better than loans securitized by private investment banks? How many Republican appointees wrote the minority report? How many substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie hold in 2008? How much was the amount of substandard loans held by Fannie and Freddie? Which two entities did Wallison believe contributed to the financial crisis? Peter J. Wallison believes the roots of the financial crisis can be traced directly to affordable housing policies initiated by which organization? How many ex-executives were involved in the December 2011 securities fraud case? What office did the House Financial Services Committee review? Who investigated the safety and soundness of the GSEs? When did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing on safety and soundness issues? Did the hearings result in new legislation or formal investigation of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? What committee held a hearing on September 10, 2003? How much mortgage lending was covered by the Community Reinvestment Act? How much of all U.S. mortgage lending was covered by the CRA? What act covered lenders into low and mid income borrowers? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? How much of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions? When did CRA rule changes occur? How much did the CRA loan commitments amount to between 1994 and 2007? What type of loans are considered "subprime"? The explosion of sub what type of lending does not exonerate the CRA? When did the Federal Reserve initiate ultra-low interest rates? What derivatives did investment banks and hedge funds use to make large wagers? What are credit default swaps? What magazine did Michael Lewis write an article for? What are credit default swaps? What derivatives did investment banks and hedge funds use to make large wagers? What type of loans were supported by the residential housing bubble? Substandard loans were generally with what type of payment? Why did the U.S. residential housing bubble lead to financial crisis? During what period did Wallison say other developed countries had bubbles? Who was Peter J. Wallison's opponent? How many miles east of Puerto Rico is St. Barthélemy? What channel separates Saint Martin from St. Barthélemy? What are the Roques? What is the name of the period in which the island is named? What kind of islands belong to St. Barthélemy? What is another name for Saint-Barthélemy? What nationality are the residents of Saint-Barthélemy? How many people speak St. Barthélemy French patois? What nationality are the residents of Saint-Barthélemy? What is the difference between the two groups geographically? What neighboring town received COM status in 2007? How many years does the president of Norfolk Island serve? When was the last election? When did the new status take effect? How many members are on the Territorial Council? When was the last election held? What territory did St. Barthélemy become an overseas territory of? How many senators represent the island in the French Senate? In what year was the first election held? How many gendarmes does France have on Norfolk Island? What is difficult on the island due to the dry and rocky terrain? What is grown in patches? Along with pineapples and bananas, what product did early settlers produce? What sport did early settlers enjoy? What port did the islanders develop commerce through? St. Barthélemy is considered a playground for whom? How many tourists does tourism attract each year? What is the price for a beachfront villa on Norfolk Island? International investment and what else explain the high standard of living on the island? How is most of the food imported? How many hotels does St. Barthélemy have? How many rooms does the largest building have? Along with Brazil, what country attracts a large number of Brazilian workers? How many rooms does Hotel Le Toiny have? How many private villas are available on Norfolk Island? What type of plants do the hills support? Which part of the island receives more rainfall? How many plants were discovered in a 1994 survey? Along with palm trees, what type of grapes are common in the saline coastal swamps? Where did coconut palm come from? What are the names of the Mediterranean trees that were brought from the Mediterranean? What is the name of the night blooming tree on the island? Where was the golden trumpet originally planted? When was the barbary fig planted? What type of fig was planted as barbed wire against the British army? When does the migration period end? During what month do dolphins migrate to Norfolk Island? What animal is a common sight along the coastline of Norfolk Island? What is the favorite diet of leatherback sea turtles? Where do green turtles live? What kind of shells does conch have? Along with turtles and anemones, what type of annelid live on the reefs? Where are sergeant majors and surgeon fish found? What type of crabs live on the beach? What do hermit crabs eat? How many hectares does the reserve Naturelle cover? What is one of the endangered marine species that the Reserve protects? What is prohibited in the Reserve? What is the name of Saint-Barthélemy's marine nature reserve? What kind of buoys are in place in Colombier? Who built the three forts in town? What was the previous name of Fort Oscar? When was the fort built? What has been replaced by a modern military building? On which side of the sea is Fort Oscar located? How many restaurants are on the island? Where are many of the finest restaurants located on the island? What is the French term for snack restaurants? What type of dish is Creole? What kind of events does the island host throughout the year? How often is the Transat AG2R Race held? Where does the Transat AG2R Race start? What kind of boats are involved in the race? What is the length of a boat? How many sailors are on each boat? Where is Gustaf III Airport located? Along with small regional commercial aircraft, what type of aircraft is used at Gustaf III Airport? What airport acts as a hub for connecting flights with regional carriers to St. Barthélemy? What is the nearest airport with a runway length sufficient to land a typical commercial jet airliner? What is the name of the small airport on the north coast of the island? Saint-Barthélemy is an overseas collectivity of what country? What is the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy? In what language is Saint-Barth often abbreviated? What did the indigenous people call the island? Which direction is Puerto Rico from the Greater Antilles? What type of island is Saint Barthélemy? What is the population of Saint Barthélemy? What is the capital of the island? What nationality was Guadeloupe under briefly? During what season is the island a popular tourist destination? Saint Barthélemy was a French commune forming part of what territory? In what year did island residents want to be separated from Guadeloupe? When was the separation of the island from Guadeloupe finally accomplished? What is the former name of the Hotel de Ville? Who represents the island in Paris? Which bay has a 4 fathoms patch near mid entrance? Grande Saline Bay provides temporary anchorage for what type of vessels? What kind of reef is a coral reef? In what type of waters are reefs mostly visible? Some of the offshore reefs are part of what? How many public beaches are there on Saint Barthélemy? How many beaches are considered suitable for swimming? What side of the island is protected by hills and reefs? Which side of the island is protected by hills and reefs? What are the windward beaches popular for? What is Bolivia's climate like? How many ha does the island cover? What is the average rainfall in Nepal? When is the rainy season? What is the lowest night temperature recorded? When did the British invade the harbour town? When did the Swedes add to the architectural beauty of the town? What was the port previously known as? What did the Swedes rename it in honor of Gustav III? What war was on in the 18th century? What is the museum called in Gustavia? What is the St. Barts Municipal Museum called? Where is the "Wall House" located? Along with French, Swedish and English, what other nationality occupied Norfolk Island? What type of houses are on display at the museum? In what two fields is the genome the genetic material of an organism? What does RNA consist of? What is another term for DNA? Who created the term "Botany"? In what year was the term botany created? Where did Hans Winkler teach? What are some related -ome words? How many chromosomes does a sexually reproducing organism have in somatic cell? What is the process of segregation of homologous chromosomes called? What organelles contain genes? What is the study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms called? Genomics studies the properties of what? What term is used to describe the genome of a sexually reproducing species? What is the observation that the number of base pairs and number of genes vary widely from one species to another? What disease is the protozoan causing? What is the highest known number of genes for the protozoan causing trichomoniasis? How many times more dense is the human genome than the human? Who was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome? What is the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome? Who completed the first DNA-genome sequence? What organization was founded in 1995? When was the first genome sequence for an archaeon completed? What organization maintains one of several databases of genomic information? What animal is included in the genome sequencing project? What type of fish has been sequenced for the first time? When did scientists sequenced the entire genome of a Neanderthal? How old was the Neanderthal found in a Siberian cave? What new sequencing technology has opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? Who pioneered personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool? The full genome of whom was released in 2007? What was James D. Watson one of the co-discoverers of? What identifies landmarks? What project was organized to map and sequence the human genome? Who released a genomic map of the Genoscope? Where did Weissenbach and his team work on the genomic map? What is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome? By comparing genome compositions between genomes, scientists can better understand what aspect of a given genome? What are the two big differences in contents structure in genome composition? What organization of protein coding genes do eukaryotes have? In what animals is the major part of the genome composed of repetitive DNA? What type of microbe is sequencing the genome of? Most biological entities are more complex than what? Where is information stored on the genome of a pathogenic microbe stored? What eukaryotes contain the typical connotation of only information on chromosomal DNA? What is the name of the DNA found within the chloroplast? What is the name of the genome that mitochondria have? What is the total number of DNA base pairs in one copy of a haploid genome? The genome size is positively correlated with what among prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes? What acts on the genomes? What type of genomes are being studied for single cell organisms? What are the two types of work done? What are non-repetitive DNA? What is calculated by using the length of non-repetitive DNA divided by genome size? What determines the proportion of non-repetitive DNA? What type of prokaryotes have non-repetitive DNA? Which eukaryotes possess more non-repetitive DNA than repetitive DNA? What is the proportion of non-repetitive DNA in some plants and amphibians? What are the two categories of repetitive DNA in genome? What is calculated using length of repetitive DNA divide by genome size? What are caused by slippage during replication, unequal crossing-over and gene conversion? What are two forms of tandem repeats in the genome? What type of repeats count for the largest proportion in mammalian genomes? What is able to integrate into the genome at another site within the cell? What are TEs an important driving force on? What type of TEs are classified into Class 1? What type of transposons are classified into Class 2? Retrotransposons can be transcribed into what? How do DNA transposons move in the genome? Class 2 TEs do not use what as intermediate? What is chromosome number also known as? What traits do researchers compare to determine what mechanisms could have produced great variety of genomes? What plays a major role in shaping the genome? The duplications are probably fundamental to the creation of what? What is invoked to explain extreme similarity between small portions of the genomes of two organisms that are otherwise very distantly related? Horizontal gene transfer seems to be common among many what? Where do eukaryotic cells transfer genetic material from? What type of school does not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude? What school system is similar to the selective school system? Where is the term comprehensive schools commonly used? What percentage of British secondary school pupils now attend comprehensive schools? What German school do the German high schools correspond to? What practical subjects were less common or non-existent in grammar schools? What two institutions provide post-16 provision? What government initiatives have made the comprehensive ideal less certain? How many selective grammar schools are still in operation in England and Wales? When were comprehensive grammar schools introduced to England and Wales? What is another term for a comprehensive school? What are some of the current education reforms? When did Finland start using comprehensive schools? What is the age range of peruskoulu in Finland? What kind of school is the Gesamtschule? What type of courses are offered for those who aren't doing well? Students attending a Gesamtschule may graduate with what three things? What percentage of students attended Gesamtschule in 2007? What percentage of students in Bavaria attended Gesamtschule in 2007? What is the name of the new comprehensive school in Germany? What is the name of the new comprehensive school in Berlin? When were Hauptschulen and Gesamtschulen merged? What type of classes are there? What is not a Hauptschulabschluss? What does not exist in some States of Germany? What haverehensive schools been accused of? Who is the Education Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia? Who stated that comprehensives were discriminated against? What party is Barbara Sommer associated with? What is Sigrid Beer's political party? Who might Gesamtschulen put at risk? The achievement gap between working class students attending a comprehensive and who else is there? Students attending what school perform the poorest? Who conducted a study that showed that comprehensive schools do not help working class students? What system of schools did Hayek compare alumni of to those from comprehensive schools? When did Gibraltar open its first comprehensive school? Students continue into what form to complete their A-levels? Students continue into the sixth form to complete their what? When wererehensive schools introduced into Ireland? Who was the Minister for Education in 1966? What was the only system of schools completely controlled by the state? What type of school system has superseded the comprehensive school system? When was the secular community model introduced in Ireland? Who owns the school property? What did the introduction of the community school model controversially remove? What are unviable local schools sometimes amalgamated into? In what year was Walworth School established? Who set up Walworth School? What was the name of the early comprehensive school in Anglesey? When was Holyhead County School established? What is an example of a comprehensive school in Coventry? Who was Secretary of State for Education in the 1964-1970 Labour government? What position did Anthony Crosland hold? What type of schools were never widely implemented? Who became Secretary of State for Education in 1970? What type of schools were established under Mrs Thatcher? Which government did Margaret Thatcher lead in 1970? By what year had the majority of local authorities in England and Wales abandoned the 11-plus examination? What did many secondary modern schools and grammar schools merge into? What did some local authorities change all of the state secondary schools to in the 1970s? What two local authorities in the West Midlands changed their secondary schools to comprehensive schools in the 1970s? Who was the future Labour prime minister in 1976? What is the most common type of state secondary school in England? What party was James Callaghan a part of? What act gave parents the right to choose whether or not to send their children to school? When was the Education Reform Act passed? What type of school is Government policy currently promoting? What does this logic underpin? What type of education is Scotland's system based on? What did the Scottish Government reject plans for in 2005? In what year did the Scottish Government reject plans for specialist schools? What country in the United Kingdom uses education systems similar to those in Northern Ireland? Northern Ireland's education system is similar to what systems in what other countries? What is another name for the Republic of the Congo? What country borders CAR to the northeast? What country borders CAR on the west? Which country borders Gabon to the northwest? Where is the Republic of the Congo located? What language was spoken in the region? When did the Republic of the Congo become independent? Who is the current president of CAR? What position does Denis Sassou Nguesso hold? What rank does the Republic of Congo hold in the Gulf of Guinea? What is the unequal distribution of in the country? What was the name of the first Bantu-speaking people? When did the Pygmy people arrive in the region? What language speakers were the Pygmy people? Who was the Portuguese explorer who reached the mouth of the Congo? What is the nationality of the people who speak English? What did the merchants of the inland Bantu kingdoms trade? When did European colonization of the Congo river delta begin? What societies did European colonization of the Congo river delta erode? When did the area north of the Congo River come under French sovereignty? Who gave the area north of the Congo River French sovereignty? What was the second name given to the Congo Colony? What does AEF stand for? How many lives did the construction of the Congo-Ocean Railroad cost? What was the symbolic capital of Free France between 1940 and 1943? What conference heralded a period of major reform in French colonial policy? When was the constitution that established the Fourth Republic adopted? What did the 1946 constitution establish? In what year was the Fifth Republic established? What was the name of the constituent parts of the Fifth Republic? What did Middle Congo become known as in 1958? When did the Republic of the Congo publish its constitution? When did the Republic of the Congo receive full independence from France? Who was Nigeria's first president? Who was the head of the provisional government? Who instigated the three day uprising that ousted Youlou? Who took charge of the country briefly? Who was elected president in 1963? What ideology did the regime adopt during Massamba-Débat's term in office? What nationality were the troops of Massamba-Débat's regime? When was the coup d'etat? Who took over after the coup? What was the name of Congo Africa's first people's republic? What did the National Revolutionary Movement change its name to? In what year did an attempted coup occur? When was Ngouabi assassinated? Sassou Nguesso aligned the country with what region? Sassou Nguesso signed a twenty-year friendship pact with what country? What did Sassou rely on patronage for? What did Sassou rely less and less on to maintain his dictatorship? Who was the first president of Congo? Congo's first president received backing from what organization? What broke out in mid-1997? ESAF stands for what? Who started to fight for power in 1997? What were members of Sassou's private militia called? What is another name for the socialist régime? When did the Angolan socialist régime invade Congo? Who was the only remaining credible candidate? How many years did the new constitution extend the president's term? When was the new constitution agreed upon? When was a peace treaty signed? Who won the July 2009 election? Who said the election was marked by fraud and irregularities? What type of turnout was the Congolese election marked by? Congo-Brazzaville has had what type of political system since the 1990s? What party does Sassou Nguesso belong to? What is the French name of the Congolese Labour Party? What has Sassou's regime been hit by? In what country did one French investigation find over 110 bank accounts and dozens of lavish properties? When did Sassou Nguesso announce that he would hold a referendum? How many consecutive terms would Sassou Nguesso run for in 2015? Who owned the main media in 2008? How many government owned television stations are there? How many small private television channels are there? Many Pygmies belong from birth to whom? What are Pygmy's treated the same as? When did the Congolese parliament adopt a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples? What latitudes are in the Equator? What are the longitudes of the Equator? What ocean does Bern have a short coast on? Angola is also bounded by Gabon to the west, Cameroon and the Central African Republic to the north and what to the southwest? What country is Cabinda in? What is the capital of the CAR? On what river is Brazzaville located? What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo? What is Kinshasa the capital of? What type of plain is the southwest of the country? What is the primary drainage in the southwest of Guinea-Bissau? What is the central part of the country? What are under increasing exploitation pressure? On what axis is Guinea-Bissau located? What is the average day temperature in Guinea-Bissau? What are the daytime temperatures in Guinea-Bissau? When is the dry season in Namibia? What organization studied gorillas in 2006-07? What region did the Wildlife Conservation Society study in 2006-07? What has kept the Gorillas isolated from humans? What type of extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy? What is the government characterized by? What has petroleum extraction supplanted as the mainstay of the economy? What percentage of the GDP did the oil sector account for in 2008? What percentage of exports came from the oil sector in 2008? What did rising oil revenues enable the government to finance? What was Nigeria's GDP growth in the 1980s? By what percentage did the devaluation of Franc Zone currencies cause inflation? What was the inflation of the Franc Zone currencies in 1994? What caused the end of the reform program? What hurt Armenia's economic progress? When did armed conflict resume in Armenia? What are the economic problems facing the current administration? What are two recent major Congolese exports? When was Congo re-admitted to the Kimberley Process? What deposits does the Republic of the Congo have? What doesOHADA stand for? How much land did the Congolese government lease in 2009? Transportation in the Republic of the Congo includes what types of transportation? When was the country's rail system built? Along with African cities, what major European city does Maya-Maya Airport have flights to? On what ocean is Pointe-Noire located? What part of the country is the Republic of the Congo located in? How long is the railway that connects Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire? How many spoken languages are there in the Republic of the Congo? What is the largest ethnic group in Burma? What percentage of the population are Boulangui? What percentage of the population are Boulangui? How many Europeans lived in Congo before the 1997 war? What nationality were most of the people living in Congo before 1997? How many American expatriates reside in the Congo? What religion makes up 33.1% of the people in the Republic of the Congo? What percentage of the people in the Republic of the Congo are Awakening Lutherans? What percentage of people in the Republic of the Congo are Protestants? What percentage of Muslims are estimated to follow Islam? What type of workers are contributing to the increase in followers of Islam? What percentage of GDP was public expenditure health at in 2004? What was the HIV/AIDS prevalence among 15-to 49-year olds in 2012? What was the per capita GDP of the United States in 2004? In what year was public expenditure health at 8.9% of the GDP? How many deaths per 100,000 live births were there in 2010? What is FGM? What was the infant mortality rate in 2010? What is the age limit for public education? What was the net primary enrollment rate in 2005? What do students who complete six years of primary school and seven years of secondary school obtain? What language is the school system in? The most senior minister of cabinet is in what branch of government? In what branch of government is a prime minister the most senior? In semi-presidential systems of government, a prime minister is appointed to manage what? Parliamentary systems are modeled after what system? What type of position does the head of state usually hold? What is a prime minister expected to do with other ministers? Executive powers are known as what? A prime minister is often a member of what body? What other titles does the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom have? What position did Winston Churchill hold during the Second World War? In what year was Cardinal Richelieu named to head the royal council? Who first used the term prime minister or Premier Ministre? What country was Cardinal Richelieu named to head in 1625? Who gave the title of Chief Minister to his chief ministers? In what century did members of parliament disparage Sir Robert Walpole's title? Members of parliament disparagedly used the title of prime minister in reference to whom? Who was Henry VIII under? What was the name of the ship that was under Queen Anne? What was the name of the county under Charles II? Whose personal favor did the power of ministers depend on? Whose personal favor did the power of ministers depend on? Which Tory ministers shared power during Anne's reign? Who was driven into exile when they lost favor? What event in 1688 gave Parliament more power? What bill was passed in 1689? Which house became a part of the government after the monarch left office? Who took over after Anne's death? When did Anne die? Where did George spend most of his time? How many years did Robert Walpole hold office? What political party was Robert Walpole? What was developed under Walpole? What did Walpole order all ministers to do when they had agreed on a policy? Who was a later prime minister? Who continued to deny that Walterpole was a prime minister? Who made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch? Under whose administration was the title first referred to on government documents? When did Disraeli's title first appear in the formal British Order of precedence? What ceremonial office did the majority of the world's countries have in the 20th century? Who is Bahrain's prime minister? When did Bahrain's prime minister begin? What is another name for Bahrain? In what type of republic is the head of state elected? In what type of republic is the head of state elected? What is the head of government of the People's Republic of China referred to as? What is another name for the Republic of China? Who approves the appointment of a prime minister? What is political state of affairs usually referred to when it arises? What may the parliament force? What constitution outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister? What does the constitution detail? The People's Republic of China constitution sets a premier just one place below what body in China? What is the pinyin for Premier? Which Act adds reference to a Prime Minister of Canada? When was reference to a Prime Minister added to the Constitution Act? The Constitution Act of 1982 only mentions the composition of conferences of what? What document outlines the functions and powers of the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic? When did the first mention of the Soviet Union occur in official documents? Who was the last Chancellor of the Exchequer? When did Balfour become Chancellor of the Exchequer? Who was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion? In what year was Margaret Thatcher first appointed Prime Minister? In what year did Elizabeth stay in power? What did Elizabeth reshuffle after a general election? What position is formally renominated after every general election? Who elects the Prime Minister? When is the Irish Taoiseach formally renominated? In parliamentary systems, who are governments required to have the confidence of? Which houses rarely exercise power? What do most constitutional systems require when they lose supply? Who may refuse a parliamentary dissolution? What must a head of state require in order to refuse a parliamentary dissolution? Who must resign in order for a head of state to refuse a parliamentary dissolution? When did the tradition of a prime minister requesting a dissolution of parliament begin in the United Kingdom? When did the modern Irish constitution give the Taoiseach the right to make requests? Which body did the 1922 Irish Free State Constitution give the Taoiseach the power to make requests? Where do older constitutions often vest power? Under what motion is a Prime Minister expected to step down in Australia? What is the title of the Russian Prime Minister? What is the Hebrew term for Prime Minister in Israel? What is the Spanish prime minister? What is the Irish prime minister called? What is another common form of President? In Scandinavian countries, what is the prime minister called? What is the equivalent term in English for a prime minister? Which countries are exceptions to the rule of Chancellor? What is Monaco's head of government referred to as? What is the head of government in Vatican City called? Who is the head of Iran's government? In what countries may the prime minister be entitled to the style of Excellency? What are former prime ministers styled in some Commonwealth countries? In the United Kingdom, who are prime ministers and former prime ministers members of? The Prime Minister of what Commonwealth country is styled Right Honourable? What type of government is in place in the UK? In the UK, who are the leaders of the Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh Governments styled? What is the Indian term for Prime Minister? What is the name of Pakistan's prime minister? What does Wazir-e-Azam mean? What is the Prime Minister's executive office usually called in Canada? In the United Kingdom, what is the Prime Minister's executive office called? What is the term institute of technology often abbreviated as? When did the term polytechnic first appear? What French engineering school was founded in 1794? What language does the French term "polú" come from? What term is synonymous with "institute of technology"? What is the name of the world's first institution of technology? After what event did polytechnics become popular? What was the original name of the Braunschweig University of Technology? When was the Ecole Polytechnique founded? What are institutes of technology and polytechnics? When were UK Polytechnics designated as universities? What is the name of the university founded in 1838? On what street was the Royal Polytechnic Institution founded? What type of institutions have a different statute among each other? What was the legal name of many new universities? What system were the students part of? What is another name for technical and further education institutes? Which school re-branded in 2014? In what year was the old college system discontinued in Tasmania? How many designated Universities of Technology exist in Australia? What is a German type of tertiary education institution? Along with bachelor's degrees, what other degree do they grant? What school is similar to the Fachhochschule in Germany? What are Hogeschool institutions undergoing in the Flemish Community of Belgium? How many former institutes of technology have become universities in the Netherlands? How many Technical Universities are present in the Netherlands? In what country are Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes located? What type of schools are in Canada? Where are the École de technologie supérieure and the Ecole Polytechnique located? What type of funding is used to fund research? What is the name of the national alliance of eleven leading research-intensive colleges and institutes of technology? What type of projects do some of Canada's most esteemed colleges and polytechnic institutions participate in? When did China's modern higher education begin? Where were liberal arts offered three years later? How many of China's elite universities remain essentially polytechnical? When was the law about polytechnic education passed? Who monitors the country's seismic activity? What is one of the oldest observatories in South America? Who manages the Quito Astronomical Observatory? When was Quito founded? How many nuclear science labs are in Ecuador? What is the mission of the Institute? How many students have pledged financial and material support to the institute? What institutions do degrees roughly correspond to? How many credits did M.Sc. require? How many credits does a normal university require? In what country are polytechnic schools distinct from academic universities? What Finnish group switched the term "university of applied sciences" from English to Finnish? What is the Swedish alternative to Ammattikorkeakoulu? Along with sciences, what type of curricula are provided by these clusters? What does IUT stand for? What is another name for institut universitaire de technologie? What is the term haute école specialisée for in the German speaking part of Switzerland? What is another name for Eastern Europe's Polytechniques? At the end of what century was the French education system set? What is the Spanish term for Polytechniques? When was Fachhochschulen founded? What do they focus more on than research? Along with social science, medicine and design, what field of study is offered by Northwestern? What is the abbreviation for Technische Universität? What do institutions that grant habilitation and doctoral degrees focus on? What type of faculty does TU Dresden have? How many universities are there in Germany? How many universities of technology are in Germany? How many students attend the 17 universities of technology in Germany? Along with Bremen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Schleswig-Holstein, what state does not operate a Technische Universität? What joint venture does TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig and University of Hanover belong to? What is the name of the legislation that established the Technological Educational Institute? What is the name of the first polytechnic in Hong Kong? What was the government trade school before 1947? When was the second Polytechnic of Hong Kong founded? What university was founded in 1991? When were the two polytechnics granted university status in Hong Kong? The Berg-Schola provides Further education to train specialists in precious metal and what other metal mining? When was the Berg-Schola established? Who established the Berg-Schola? How many autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology are there? How many National Institutes of Technology are there? What is the authority over technical education in India? What is a specific academic award in India? How many public institutes of technology are in Indonesia? How many years does Politeknik typically offer Diploma degrees? What is another name for the RTCs system? What was developed separately from the Regional Technical College system? What term refers to a technical university awarding degrees in engineering? How many Politecnici are there? In what city is the Italian Institute of Technology located? What was the forerunner of the University of Tokyo's engineering faculty? What does an institute of technology specialize in? Where is Polytechnics located? Who helped establish the Ministry of Education? Where is Politeknik Ungku Omar located? How many polytechnics are there in Malaysia? How many students attended polytechnic courses in 2009 in Malaysia? How many polytechnic students were in Malaysia in 2012? What is the only technical university in Mauritius? What is the main focus of the mission? In what country are polytechnics established? What does UCOL stand for? When was the Education Act passed in New Zealand? What was the name of the Polytechnic that merged with Massey University? In what decade did New Zealand's tertiary education system consolidate? What group wanted to merge with Waikato Institute of Technology? What part of the Island did Waiarapa Polytechnic merge with UCOL? What is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status? What grade do students have to pass to be eligible for the diploma program? What do Polytechnic Institutes train people in? How many years does a Polytechnic graduate have? What is the name of the engineering course that students can take after completing a diploma at a polytechnic? What is the equivalent to the British system A-Level? What is a main kind of technical university name in Poland? What were shortcycle degrees known as before? What process allowed Bostons to offer 2nd cycle degrees? What is another name for a centralized institute? How many polytechnics are there in Singapore? How many years of diploma courses do polytechnics offer? Who established the Academy? When was the Banská Akadémia founded? What metals does the Academy train specialists in? When did teaching begin? What are the buildings still used for today? What does polytechnics stand for? In what year were Technikons given the power to award degrees? In what year did former Technikons merge with traditional Universities to form Comprehensive Universities? Where did most of Thailand's institutes of technology come from? What did technical colleges not grant in the past? What institute was developed from Pathumwan Technical School? What is the former name of the Thonburi Technology Institute? What was the former name of the Rajamangala University of Technology? What is the name of the engineering school of Thammasat University? What is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand? When was Suranaree University of Technology established? What is the most well known private technological institute in Thailand? What is the name of the technical university founded in Bursa? How many technical universities are planned in Konya? Where were 2 technical universities opened in 1950s? Since what year has UK Polytechnics operated under the binary system of education? What organization validated diplomas and degrees at the national level? What were the comparable institutions in Scotland collectively referred to as? What was the name of Britain's first Polytechnic? How many "Institutes of Science and Technology" were there? What was Loughborough University called from 1966 to 1996? When did universities become universities? Under what act were polytechnics granted university status? What organization did Polytechnics need to oversee to confer degrees? What have some regional colleges been designated if they are associated with a local university? In what century were technical institutes formed? What type of school is a technical institute? When was RPI founded? MIT is an abbreviation for MIT, what is the other name? What type of economy did technical education help develop? When were Institutes of technology developed in Venezuela? Where was the first IUT created? Who adopted the Institut Universitaire de Technologie's system? The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of what? Who created the Wayback Machine? Where is the Internet Archive based? Who set up Alexa? What does the archive call it? What operating system do they have a large cluster of? When do they archive a new version of a site? What is the grand vision of the internet? What was the name Wayback Machine used for? Who were the main characters of Peabody's Improbable History? What machine is used to witness, participate in, and alter famous events in history? When did Brewster Kahle develop software to crawl and download all publicly accessible World Wide Web pages? What is the term for the collection of information on the internet? What standard do "crawlers" respect? What is the name of the website that allows archives to be created? Where had information been kept for five years? Who did Kahle occasionally allow to tap into the clunky database? What is the anniversary of the Berkeley Library? Where was the archive opened to the public? What usually becomes available more than six months after they are archived? How long after a photo is archived does it take for it to become available? Is the frequency of snapshots variable or constant? When did sites have to be listed on the Open Directory in order to be included? Who is the head of the Internet Archive? When did Jeff Kaplan write about the Internet Archive? How much data was contained in the Wayback Machine in 2009? What was the growth rate of the Wayback Machine in 2003? Where is data stored? Who manufactures PetaBox rack systems? In what year did the Internet Archive migrate its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage? Where did the Internet Archive migrate its customized storage architecture to? Where is the Sun Modular Datacenter located? When was a new version of the Wayback Machine made available for testing? When was it said that the new Wayback Machine had a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials? The Wayback Machine has a little bit of material past what year? The Beta of the new Wayback Machine has a more complete and up-to-date index of all crawled materials into what year? What is the name of the feature that allows a user to archive a URL? When was the "Save a Page" feature announced? What was the 2009 case? Who filed a motion to compel Netbula to disable the robots.txt file? What did Chordiant want Netbula to disable? What did Netbula argue they should have subpoenaed? Who filed a sworn statement supporting the motion? Who rejected Netbula's arguments? Where was Judge Howard Lloyd located? Who can retrieve the archived pages that Netbula requested? What is the name of the Dish Network? What network does EchoStar operate? Who rejected Telewizja Polska's motion in limine? Who was the judge in the trial? When is a Web page available as prior art? What must be met in order for a patent office to accept date stamps from the Internet Archive? What kind of limitations are there to archiving a web site? What are not exposed when submitting screen shots? What do archives such as the Wayback Machine not fill out? The Wayback Machine does not include the contents of what kind of databases? What could the Wayback Machine violate in Europe? What would the Archive have to do upon request of the creator? Where can you find the Wayback Machine exclusion policies? What religion was removed from the Wayback Machine in 2002? Who requested the error message? What organization requested the removal of the site? Who defended a client in 2003? What was the name of the plaintiff? What did Healthcare Advocates amend their complaint to include? What two laws did the lawsuit accuse the Internet Archive of violating? Is the Robots Exclusion Standard voluntary or voluntary? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What is used as part of the Robots Exclusion Standard? What organization states that a website owner will contact us directly and ask us to stop crawling or archiving a site? Who filed the lawsuit in 2005? What was Suzanne Shell's web site called? Where did Internet Archive file its declaratory judgment? In what district did a judge dismiss all counterclaims? When did the Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell settle their lawsuit? What website was sued by Suzanne Shell? What is the name of the woman who sued the Internet Archive? What did the pornographic actor send to the Archive? In what court did the pornographic actor first try to remove his images? What are some alternative names for the Netherlands? When was the Dutch Republic established? What countries preceded the Kingdom of Holland? Until the 16th century, the Low Countries were roughly equivalent to what three countries? What county was under the Kingdom of France? Who ruled most of the Low Countries? Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction? In what year did the Netherlands rebel against Philip II? Why did the Dutch rebel against Philip II? In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed? Who signed the Union of Utrecht? What followed the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II? When was the Act of Abjuration signed? What did the Union of Utrecht promise? In what year did the United Provinces invite Francis to lead them? In what year did Francis attempt to take Antwerp again? When was William of Orange killed? Who declined the offer of sovereignty? When did the provinces become a confederacy? What created the Batavian Republic? Where did the republican forces flee to? What was the name of the Republic of the United Provinces created in 1783-1795? When did the Netherlands regain independence from France? What names were used in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814? What were the "Southern provinces" that formed the Kingdom of the Netherlands? What era was in the late 16th century and early 17th century? What was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world? When was the Dutch East India Company founded? What city has the oldest bourse in the Netherlands? How many cities did the first stock exchange go public in? What city is recognized as the oldest such institution based on modern trading principles? Between what years did the Dutch possess one of the strongest and fastest navies in the world? Where did the Dutch get their slave trade from? What was one of the many conquests the Dutch had? How many provinces were in the republic? Who governed the federal government? Who made up the States General? What was the name of the eighth province? Why was Drenthe denied representation in the States General? What is the term for a group of people who are in disagreement with each other? Who commanded the army in times of war? Who commanded the army in times of war? Who were stadtholders freely appointed to? Who were always chosen as stadtholders? Which two cities had the same stadtholder as Holland? Who supported the stadtholders? Which party wanted to replace the semi-hereditary nature of the stadtholdership? After what peace were several border territories assigned to the United Provinces? What are Generaliteitslanden? What were the names of the three towns that were present in 1715 Who was in control of the VOC and the WIC? Which provinces initiated shipping expeditions? Who were influenced by the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces? Who wrote Federalist No. 20? What is the American Declaration of Independence similar to? When were Holland and Zeeland granted the right to accept only one religion? What did the Union say every person should be free in the choice of? Who was a strong supporter of public and personal freedom of religion? What was quickly forbidden in the Republic? What church must a person wish to hold public office conform to during the Republic? The extent to which different religions or denominations were persecuted depended on what? What could happen to people opening their homes to services in 17th century Leiden? What was one factor that caused large immigration of religious refugees from other parts of Europe? What was the subject of controversy in the first years of the Republic? What is another name for the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism? Who banned the Remonstrant faith in 1618? When did persecution of religious services change? How did religious services change from active persecution to a state of restricted toleration of other religions? What language does Symbiosis come from? In what plant is the word symbiosis used? What nationality was Heinrich Anton de Bary? How long has the de Bary definition been debated? What term describes symbiotic relationships? What is another term for organisms that do not have to live with each other? What type of lichen has fungal and photosynthetic symbionts that cannot live on their own? What is an example of an egotosymbiosis? What is symbiosis in which the organisms are not in union called? Lactobacilli and other bacteria in humans are examples of what? Endosymbionts provide essential nutrients to 10%-15% of what? What is the name of actinomycete nitrogen-fixing bacteria? What kind of algae live in reef-building corals? What are commensal ectosymbionts? What is an example of an ectoparasite? What is another name for ectosymbiosis? Mutualism is also known as what? What kind of interactions can be considered symbiotic? What kind of gut flora do a large percentage of herbivores have? What are the result of mutualisms between coral organisms and algae? What do mutualisms between plants do? What type of fungi help in extracting water and minerals from the ground? What is an example of mutual symbiosis? What protects the clownfish from stinging tentacles? What is the relationship between ocellaris clownfish and Ritteri sea anemones? What type of fish sometimes lives with a shrimp? What does the goby fish touch to warn it of danger? Bryozoans and hermit crabs are examples of what kind of symbiosis? When were the Galapagos worms discovered? What is the worm reliant on its internal symbionts for? Where were these worms found? What does the host cell lack during mutualistic symbioses? What do endosymbiont cells produce? What isheredity? What is one of the main changes that result from adaptation of the endosymbiont to the host's lifestyle? What is the incapability of endosymbiotic bacteria to reinstate its wild type phenotype called? What could have been the cause of the host's poor selection? What language does the medieval word come from? What describes a relationship between two living organisms? What is another term for housing? What is it called when an organism dies? What is the term for one organism using another organism for transportation? What is a relationship in which one member benefits while the other is harmed called? What is it called when parasites kill their host? What is the term for parasites that rely on their host's survival? How many animals have at least one parasitic phase in their life cycles? What animal feeds on the blood of its host? What is the type of relationship where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated called? What are the two types of amensalism? Along with amensalism, what is another type of symbiosis? What substance destroys many herbaceous plants within its root zone? What species of birds feed on Timarcha shrub? What type of tree do Timarcha's weevils feed on? What is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other? What is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved? What does the interaction eventually cause? Is synnecrosis common or uncommon in nature? Why do bees inflict pain on themselves? What is believed to have resulted from a symbiosis between various sorts of bacteria? What are eukaryotes? What is Lynn Margulis famous for? Who said "Life did not take over the globe by combat"? What role did symbiosis play in the co-evolution of flowering plants? What did some plants develop? What has the relationship between plants and insects become in some taxa? What is another name for the Canadian Armed Forces? What acts establish the Canadian Armed Forces? Who is responsible for raising the Canadian Forces? What is the French term for the Canadian Forces? How many sub-components does the Reserve Force have? What acts separate the Canadian Armed Forces from the Department of National Defence? Who is the reigning Canadian monarch? Who represents Queen Elizabeth II? Who leads the Canadian Armed Forces? Who advises the Chief of the Defence Staff? During what war was Canadian defence policy focused on protecting Europe? What was the main focus of Canadian defence policy during the cold war? What was the main concern of Canadian defence policy during the cold war? When were Canadian ground and air forces in Europe? When did the Canadian ground forces stop being based in Europe? What organization has moved much of its defence focus out of area? What has the Canadian military become more engaged in since 2002? What country has the Canadian military been particularly active in since 2002? When did the Canadian military begin to engage in international security operations in Afghanistan? The North Atlantic Treaty Organization has moved much of its defence focus away from what? What is Canadian defence policy based on? When was the Canada First Defence Strategy introduced? How many core missions does the Canadian military have? Outside of Canada, in what region of the world does the Canadian military operate? What do the Canadian Armed Forces contribute to? What is one of the ways the Canadian Armed Forces contributes to the conduct of defence diplomacy? The System of Cooperation Among what military organization is an example of a Canadian Defence Attaché? What type of training does the Canadian Armed Forces provide? What kind of outreach does the Canadian Armed Forces support? When was Confederation? Who did the residents of the colonies serve as regular members of prior to Confederation? Who did the Aboriginal peoples defend their territories from attacks from? Along with the War of 1812, what war did the American forces defend their territories against attacks from European powers? What were militia units formed to defend North America against? Who was responsible for military command in North America? Where was the commander-in-chief for North America stationed until 1906? When did the British Army and Royal Navy leave Halifax? Under what department were the military forces organized? When were land forces in Canada referred to as the Canadian Army? What was the first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces? Under what command were Canadian military units raised? When did the United Kingdom enter conflict with Germany? Which war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council decide to send its forces into? Along with the Second World War, what war did the Canadian Crown-in-Council decide to send its forces into? How many operations have Canadian military units participated in worldwide since 1947? How many international operations have Canadian military units participated in since 1947? During what wars did Canada participate in NATO? The Suez Crisis, Golan Heights, Cyprus, Croatia, Bosnia, Afghanistan, and Libya are examples of what kind of missions Canada participated in? What did Canada maintain from 1957 to 1970? What is another name for the Battle of Caen? What was one of the major battles fought by the Canadian military? Which Canadian battle is notable for its strategic bombing of German cities? Where is the Medak Pocket located? What did Canada have at the end of the Second World War? What country did Canada's navy fall to? What was the source of the Soviet Union's navy data? When did the Canadian Armed Forces merge? What are the names of the three branches of the Canadian Armed Forces? Who controlled the Canadian air force until 1931? When did Canada gain legislative independence? What war did the Canadian Corps fight in? What name was discontinued in 2013? When did the Canadian Armed Forces name give way to the Canadian Forces name? When did the Canadian Armed Forces name return? What name did the Canadian Armed Forces get in the 1980s? Who deployed in support of peacekeeping operations in UN sanctioned conflicts? When did the ISAF deploy to Afghanistan? What does the United Nations International Security Assistance Force stand for? Who requested that the ISAF be deployed? What kind of operations did Land Forces support? How much money is the military currently funded by each year? What is the current rank of the US Armed Forces? How many troops does the US Armed Forces have? By what year is the number of active reserve personnel expected to go up to 30,000? What would be the total strength of the island if this happened? What did the government of Canada create to modernize the Canadian Armed Forces? How did the Canada First Defence Strategy help modernize the Canadian Armed Forces? What was the problem with the CDS? What types of equipment did the 2006 renewal and re-equipment effort acquire? What is the name of the air force's medium range transport aircraft fleet? Along with the C-17 Globemaster III strategic transport aircraft, what other helicopters have been acquired for the US Armed Forces? When did the renewal and re-equipment effort begin in Afghanistan? What roles were women open to in the 1950s? When did the roles of women in the CAF begin to expand? What non-traditional roles did women in the CAF expand into? What did the Department do as a result of these reviews? Along with the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, what document did Parliament pass in 1978 and 1985? What types of units were still closed to women in 1987? When was the office created to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? Who created an office to study the impact of employing men and women in combat units? What were these trials called? When were all military occupations open to women? What military occupation was not open to women in 2000? How much did the introduction of women into combat arms increase the potential recruiting pool? Who fully integrated women into all occupations and roles? What must be suitable for a mixed gender force? What are some of the things women wear to ensure they're protected? What are women provided with? Where does it begin? What determines that the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the country's sovereign? Who is the viceroy of the Canadian Armed Forces? What actions fall within the royal prerogative? Who must sign the Orders in Council? What do monarchs and viceroys generally follow? How many people are in the US Armed Forces? Who is in command of the Canadian Forces? Who appoints the CDS? Where is the National Defence Headquarters located? Who sits on the Armed Forces Council? How many CFB bases does Canada have? Where is the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School located? Where do both officers and non-commissioned members receive basic training? How many warships and submarines are in the Royal Canadian Navy? Where is Her Majesty's Canadian Dockyard located? What is the name of the Naval Reserve Headquarters in Quebec City? What kind of exercises does the RCN participate in? Who heads the Canadian Army? How many divisions make up the Canadian Army? What are the four divisions of the Canadian Army? What division of the Canadian Army is responsible for the Doctrine and Training System? What division of the Canadian Army is responsible for the Doctrine and Training System? How many field ready brigade groups does the Regular Force have? How many brigade groups does the Regular Force comp? Along with a field ambulance, what aircraft is co-located with each brigade? Along with a tactical helicopter squadron, what kind of ambulance is co-located with each brigade? What are some major training and support establishments? Who heads the Royal Canadian Air Force? Where is the commander of 1 Canadian Air Division and Canadian NORAD Region based? How many wings are located across Canada? Who reports to the operational commander? Which Canadian provinces have major air bases? Where are administrative and command and control facilities located? Where is NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen located? What NATO force is based at Geilenkirchen? Along with Newfoundland and Labrador, in what province are major air bases located? What does JTFN stand for? What does the Joint Task Force (North) and RCAF maintain throughout Canada's northern region? What are the forward operating locations of the RCAF and JTFN capable of supporting? What kind of squadrons periodically deploy to these airports? What kind of patrols do the CF-18 squadrons occasionally conduct? When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command established? What three groups merged to form the Canadian Joint Operations Command? The new command was created as a response to what cost-cutting measures? What does CANSOFCOM stand for? What is the main mission of the CJOC? Who does the CANSOFCOM support? Where is the CJIRU based? How many Special Operations Aviation Squadron does SOAS have? What is the Information Management Group responsible for? Where is the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group headquartered? What is the CAF Cyber Task Force tasked with? When was the Directorate of Cybernetics established? Who is the head of the Directorate of Cybernetics? Who does the Health Services Group provide health services to? What is the Canadian Joint Operations Command called? What is the Surgeon General responsible for? When can the Canadian Armed Forces reserve force be called upon? What types of reserve forces does the Canadian Armed Forces have? Who is usually a major general or rear admiral? What are the four components of the Regular Force? What does COATS stand for? How old are the cadets in the Canadian Cadet Movement? What does CIC stand for? Members of what group may be held on the CISS List? What do the Canadian Rangers do? Where do Canadian Rangers provide surveillance and patrol services? What kind of force are the Canadian Rangers? What are the Canadian Rangers used for? What is only suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion? What types of weapons are worn with the uniform? What is the uniform now worn by most members of the USAF? What is authorized for winter wear in cold climates? What type of dress does the navy have? What are the three official headdresses for the Canadian Armed Forces? How is each uniform coloured? What is the most widely worn headgear in the US Navy? What type of helmet does the Canadian Army wear? Which document gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence? In what year was regular funding increased to CAD$12.5 billion? Who had the right to elect pope in 1059? What were ecclesiastics from outside Rome assigned? What term was used to refer to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church? When was the term tituli first applied to the priests of the diocese of Rome? What is the term for priests in the diocese of Rome? What Latin word is the term cardinal based on? Who retains an instance of this title? What were the first cardinals in Rome? By what century were cardinals considered a privileged class among the Roman clergy? In what year was a synod held that allowed a cardinal to become pope? Under whose papacy were cardinals given the right to elect pope? Under what document were cardinals given the right to elect pope? In what year was the red hat granted to the pope? Who granted the cardinals the privilege of wearing a red hat? What name began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honor? In what year did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? In what year was the title of cardinals reserved for the cardinals of Rome? Who sent the earliest example of this? In what year did Pope Zacharias send a letter to Pippin III? Who reserved the title of cardinals in 1567? In what year was the title of cardinals reserved for the cardinals of Rome? In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write about the importance of selecting good Cardinals? Who headed the Ecumenical Council of Trent? In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write about the importance of selecting good Cardinals? Who headed the Ecumenical Council of Trent? The earlier influence of temporal rulers, notably what? In early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in what? Who is the head of the Vatican? Who is the head of the Vatican? Who was crowned king in Portugal due to a succession crisis? Pope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to how many? How many cardinals did Pope Sixtus V limit? Which pope exceeded the limit on the pontificate of the pope? What was the maximum number of cardinal electors in 1971? What is the age limit for cardinals under the age of? What was the maximum number of cardinal electors in 1971? What did Paul VI set no limit on? What types of churches does each cardinal take on? Who receives the titular bishopric of Ostia? What does the Dean of the College of Cardinals receive in addition to the titular church? In what year was the title of Eminence decreed? Who decreed their title to be Eminence? What did the secular rank equate to? Who was the title of Eminence secondary to? Who decreed their title to be Eminence? What is the usual form for referring to a cardinal in English? What is the usual form for referring to a cardinal in English? How do they sign their name? What is the full title of an Oriental Patriarch? Why do oriental Patriarchs use "Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis" as their full title? What name is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope? What is the first name in Latin? When was the most recent non-cardinal pope elected? When was the most recent non-cardinal pope elected? Does a see have an actual right to the cardinalate? No see carries an actual right to what? Who are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What are cardinal bishops? Who are the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church? What was the customarily elected person for centuries? What is the purpose of consecrating a bishop? What happens if the person elected Pope is not yet a bishop? What happens if the person elected Pope is not yet a bishop? How many suburbicarian sees are there? When was Velletri united with Ostia? Who separated Velletri from Ostia? What are the seven suburbicarian sees? Since what year have the cardinal bishops had only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? What see does not have a bishop? What is the position of apostolic administrator in Ostia? Since what year have the cardinal bishops had only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees? What see does not have a bishop? Who is the apostolic administrator in Ostia? What are the cardinals of the Church collectively known as? Who is competent to judge cardinals in matters subject to ecclesiastical jurisdiction? What does the pope give each newly appointed cardinal? Who gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring? What was the distinctive wide-brimmed hat that the pope would bestow upon a new cardinal? In what year was the scarlet biretta discontinued? The investiture now takes place with what? Who continue to wear the normal dress appropriate to their liturgical tradition? What does the blood-like red symbolize in a cardinal? What is always white? Why has the bird of the same name become known as such? Until what decade did cardinals wear a violet or blue cape? What happens when a pope dies before revealing the identity of a pectore cardinal? Under whose reign were cardinals created without publishing their names? What were lay cardinals allowed to do? In what year was the Code of Canon Law revised? Who can become cardinals after the revision of the Code of Canon Law? What can a cardinal not do? Since what year were prominent priests not ordained bishops? Until what year was it possible for someone who was not a priest to become a cardinal? In what year did Pope John XXIII set the norm that all cardinals be ordained as bishops? What is he supposed to do? Who has the privilege of announcing a new pope's election and name? Where does the cardinal protodeacon announce a pope's election and name? Who chose not to be crowned in 1978? What color is the mitre? How many cardinals of the order of deacons were there in 2005? How long have cardinal deacons been in office? In 1939, what fraction of Italians were Italian? What fraction of Italians were Italian in 1994? Where did Cardinal deacons originate from? Who are the lowest-ranking cardinals? Who is the longest serving member of the order of cardinal priests? Who is the current cardinal protopriest? Who must approve an election of Dean of the College of Cardinals? Patriarch cardinals do not receive title of what? What is the highest ranking of cardinals in the Catholic Church? What is the highest ranking of cardinals in Catholicism? Who are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church? What type of priests were important? What type of church does every cardinal priest have? In what year did Pope Sixtus V seek to limit the size of the College? What was the maximum size of the College in 1587? Which pope abolished the limit on new churches on the list? What are the Iranian languages also known as? Iranic languages form a branch of what language family? Iranic languages are a branch of what language family? When did Old Iranian end? Parthian and Bactrian are examples of what Middle Iranian language? How many Iranian languages are there? The term Iranian is applied to any language which descends from what ancestral language? What languages does Iranian derive from? When was the term for the Iranian language family introduced? Who introduced the term for the Iranian language family? Who used the term Irano-Aryan in 1878? When did Needham Cust use the term Irano-Aryan? What is the common ancestor of all Iranian languages? Where do the Indo-Iranian languages originate? What is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture ca? When did BC begin? Thracian, Balto-Slavic and others are members of what family? What areas did the Old Iranian languages settle in? What must have existed among the ancient speakers of Iranian languages? How many languages have survived? What is the last inscription in which Old Persian is grammatically correct? When was the Behistun inscription written? When was the transition from Old Persian to Middle Persian begun? What are the two forms of Old Iranian dialects that take their name from their use in the Avesta? What is the name of the liturgical texts of indigenous Iranian religion? What language is the Old Avestan dialect similar to? What language is Younger Avestan at the same linguistic stage as? What is Carduchi similar to? What was the name of the language Herodotus called? The Old Avestan language may predate the settling of Iranian peoples into what two groups? Avestan is distinct from what other language? These terms have little meaning with respect to Old what language? What are the first-series palatal consonants? What are *ć and *dź? The state of affairs in neighboring languages is similar to what? Which consonant clusters are a complication? Along with *ćw and *dźw, what other cluster is a complication? What groups were already in existence during this period? What are the hypothethical ancestor languages of Scythian? What is the hypothetical ancestor of Parthian? When did the "Middle Iranian" era end? What are the two main groups of Middle Iranian languages? What category does Old Ossetic fall into? What group did the Eastern group share some similarity to? What script were Bactrian inscribed in? What script was Bactrian written using? What is another name for Middle Persian? When was the tablet in use? Which languages were used as literary languages by the Manichaeans? What script were Manichaean texts written in? What religion was the Conquest of Persia? What is the official language of the court? What dynasty was the first to adopt the new language in 875 CE? When did the Saffarid dynasty officially adopt the new language? What province did Ibn al-Nadim associate the term Dari with? What script was adopted for writing Persian? When did the old middle Persian script begin to decrease in usage? What script was first Latinised in the 1920s? When was the script Cyrillicized? Who Cyrillicized the script? What is another name for Western Iran? What were the names of Iranian languages that were displaced by Arabic? When did Eastern Europe absorb the Slavic population? Yaghnobi barely survives in what valley? What is the sole remaining Scythian language in the Caucasus? What is used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings? Does lighting have positive or negative effects on occupants? What is artificial lighting a major component of? What type of light sources do lamps and light fixtures use? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? What is used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? Does lighting have positive or negative effects on occupants? What is artificial lighting a major component of? What is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect? Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using what? What type of lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures? What element of interior design is usually accomplished using light fixtures? Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using what? What element of interior design is usually accomplished using light fixtures? In what year did fluorescent lighting first appear at the World's Fair? What type of lighting is popular in Canada? When did fire start in the caves of Peking Man? What animals were used as lamps after being threaded with a wick? What was the earliest form of artificial lighting used to illuminate an area? How long ago do the Lascaux caves date? What type of light bulb was powered by electricity? In what decade did gas lighting become economical enough to power street lights? What did more street lights reduce? What kind of fixtures come in a wide variety of styles for various functions? What is one of the most important functions of the light source? What is the measured amount of usable light emanating from a fixture per used energy? What is the daylight temperature of an incandescent bulb? What type of bulb has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin? What color do high temperatures correspond to lamps with? What type of lamps have more energy in the yellow and red spectrum? What is the distribution of? Who invented track lighting? What feeds all of the fixtures on the track or rod? What is a modified version of this lighting called? What voltage does a master transformer use to feed all of the fixtures on the track or rod? What is an uplight intended for ambient lighting? What is the most common fixture found in homes and offices? What is the desk lamp considered to be? In what type of setting would accent lighting be considered general lighting? What was once popular in the 1960s and 70s but fell out of favor after the 1980s? Under what type of lighting would this be considered general lighting? What type of lights are usually marked on the steps in a movie theater? What are low voltage lamps being replaced with? What is another name for a track? What lights are used to light roadways and walkways at night? What type of luminaires are some manufacturers trying to create? What can be used to illuminate outdoor playing fields or work zones? What type of lighting can be used along roadways in urban areas? What can be used outside to signal the entrance to a property? What color are brake lights? What colors are headlamps? When did electroluminescent technology begin to be used? Which color rear-facing reversing lamps indicate that the transmission has been placed in reverse gear? Flashing of what signals on the front, side, and rear of cars indicate a change of position or direction? What are the removable and replaceable parts of a light fixture called? What does a light bulb convert into electromagnetic radiation? How many lumens does an incandescent lamp produce? How many lumens does a compact fluorescent lamp produce? What is another name for lighting design? What is another term for architectural lighting design? What software allows an Architect to quickly review the benefit of a design? What type of data are hand-calculations based on? How is artificial lighting calculated? What material is used on walls and furniture to make it appear smaller and more dim? What type of paint absorbs light? What is another term for "layouts"? What sets are prepared so that the operator can control the lights in step with the performance? Motion picture and television production use many of the same tools and methods of what? What is the basic SI unit of measurement? What is the SI unit for luminance? What is the CGS unit of luminance? What is the term for the amount of useful light emitted from a source or luminous flux? What is the power at each wavelength weighted according to? The SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance is measured in what? What does UGLR stand for? What does CCT stand for? What does CRI stand for? What is the color rendering index? What is the abbreviation for correlated color temperature? What does GAI stand for? What is the gamut area index known as? Along with the CRI, what ther metric is used to measure gamut area index? What dosimeters measure an individual's or object's exposure to something in the environment? What is the personal circadian light meter called? What kind of device is the Daysimeter? For how many days can the Daysimeter gather data? What type of light is used to stimulate the circadian system? What is the basic concept of deciding how much illumination is required for a given task? What kind of systems reduce energy usage and cost by providing light only when and where it is needed? What is ZigBee? What is an example of a wireless mesh open standard? How much less need to run control wires does ZigBee provide? What is used to control lighting in scanners? What do passive infrared sensors react to? What kind of sensors transmit sound above the range of human hearing? Motion can no longer be detected when the lights shut off? What is the oldest method of interior lighting? Are daylight savings schemes popular or not popular among most buildings? What are diodes also known as? LEDs can be controlled by using what principles? What can cause adverse health effects such as headache frequency, stress, and increased blood pressure? What disease can LED lighting help relieve? How many hours does the human circadian system last? What happens when patterns are disrupted? Who conducted a study in 1972 and 1981? How many negative tes did the study conclude were there in patients with windows with windows? How many negative tes did the study conclude were there in patients with windows with windows? Where did Alison Jing Xu work? Where is Aparna Labroo from? Who came up with the idea that kerosene could be distilled from petroleum? In what year was kerosene distilled from petroleum? What had been used for lighting since the 1820s? What type of lamps use less power to supply the same amount of light as an incandescent lamp? Are all CFL's suitable for dimming? How much power do LED lamps use compared to a standard incandescent bulb? Up to how many hours is a lifetime? What is the length of a lifetime? What is the energy saving efficiency of halogen lamps? What is a growing problem in the city? What creates safety issues around buildings? What can be used if natural light is not present? What type of metal is a critical part of battlefield conditions? Along with image intensifiers, what kind of cameras are used in modern warfare? What can be used by the military to mark positions? What weapons have eliminated the need for flares? What does CIE stand for? What does IYSNA stand for? What organizations does the IYSNA work with? What does photometric data define? What does ILD stand for? What does PLDA stand for? What was the former name of the Professional Lighting Designers Association? What does the National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professions stand for? What does NCQLP stand for? What abbreviation may be added to the name of someone who passes the Light Certified exam? What are the other three national lighting certification examinations? What does PLASA stand for? What country is the PLASA based in? How many individual and corporate members does the PASA represent? What does the RoHS stand for? What is Montesquieu's political doctrine? How many separate branches of government did Montesquieu want to have? The philosophy heavily influenced the writing of what document? The United States form of separation of powers is associated with a system of what? What was the name of the idea that separated powers called? Which philosopher advocated the principle of Enlightenment in his writings? Who strongly opposed the principle of the Enlightenment? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and judiciary? Whose opinions did Popper's writings considerably influence? Which philosopher advocated the principle of Enlightenment in his writings? Who strongly opposed the principle of the Enlightenment? Who was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and judiciary? In what country was the Westminster system created? What was the UK Westminster system based on? What did Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia keep the branches of government? Strict separation of powers did not operate in what country? What was the President of Delaware's judicial branch? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What case did the Supreme Court rule that Congress could not delegate a line-item veto to the President? In what year was Clinton v. City of New York? Who has the sole power to legislate for the United States? What doctrine states that Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency? What case did the Supreme Court rule that Congress could not delegate a line-item veto to the President? In what year was Clinton v. City of New York? What was one of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation? What is the number of years in the year 1, 42? Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court? Who did Congress unconstitutionally clothed with legislative powers? What was one of the earliest cases involving the exact limits of non-delegation? Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court? When did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority unconstitutional? What did A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States create? In what year was the case A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States? In what year was the case A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States? What was the case in which Congress could not authorize the president to formulate codes of "fair competition"? The Commander in Chief of what two branches of the military is responsible for the commander in chief of? With the advice and consent of what body does the president make treaties? How can Congress terminate an appointment by a president? What type of oversight does the Federal Trade Commission have? What type of power is vested in the President? Executive power is vested in who? How can Congress terminate an appointment by a president? The Constitution empowers the president to ensure the faithful execution of laws made by whom? What does Congress often write legislation to restrain executive officials from doing? In what case was the prescription for legislative action in Art decided? In what year was INS v. Chadha decided? How much of the Senate and House must approve of a bill passed by the House? What type of power is given to the Supreme Court? Who appoints judges? Who advises the president on appointing judges? What are courts exercising judicial power called? What is the power to decide cases and controversies? Who appoints judges? Who advises the president on appointing judges? What may Congress establish that do not take the form of judicial agencies or commissions? What power may legislative courts not exercise? What is the title of the vice president of the Senate? Who exercises a check over Congress? Who serves as president of the Senate? Who appoints judges with the Senate's advice and consent? Who appoints judges with the Senate's advice and consent? Who is the Commander in Chief of the US Army and Navy? Who is explicitly granted the power to declare war? Who must confirm all Generals and Admirals appointed by the president by a majority vote? Who checks both the executive branch and legislative branch? What case established a precedent for judicial review? What is the only court that may determine constitutionality? Who has the power to set the jurisdiction of the courts? The only constitutional limit on Congress' power to set the jurisdiction of the judiciary relates to whom? Who presides in the Senate during impeachment trials? Who wrote Federalist 51? Which Federalist did James Madison write regarding the ability of each branch to defend itself from actions by others? Which branch of government has the most power in the United States? How many bills did George Washington veto? How many bills did James Monroe veto? How many bills did Obama veto during his two terms in office? Who was the seventh president? How many of Johnson's vetoes did Congress override? What act attempted to curb the power of the presidency? Who was the first Democratic President following Johnson? Who was the first Democratic President following Johnson? Who was given sweeping authority by Congress in Panama Refining v. Ryan? Who granted Roosevelt sweeping authority? What did Richard Nixon use as a basis for his expansion of power? What is argued to apply to both the Judicial branch and other branches of government? Who can withdraw that delegation at any time? Which court sets rules for procedures in Florida's courts? Which court sets rules for procedures in Florida's courts? What type of works are often seen as cultural symbols? What is the Latin term for architecture? What is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings? What type of buildings are often perceived as cultural symbols? Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving what? What language does arkhitekton come from? What two words does arkhitekton mean? What is architectura? What are architectural works viewed as? What type of civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements? What is the name of Vitruvius' earliest work on architecture? Who wrote De architectura? When was De architectura written? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas commonly known by? What is the name of Vitruvius' earliest work on architecture? Who wrote De architectura? What was Vitruvius's profession? According to Vitruvius, what three principles should a good building satisfy? What are the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas commonly known by? When was the notion of style in the arts developed? Who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors and Architects? Which languages were Vasari's works translated into? According to Vitruvius, who should strive to fulfill each of the three attributes? Who wrote De Re Aedificatoria? What did Alberti see beauty as a matter of? What did Alberti call the idealised human figure? The notion of style in the arts was not developed until what century? Who wrote Contrasts? When was Contrasts written? What did Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin write in 1836? When was Contrasts written? What type of world did Contrasts criticize? What type of architecture did Pugin believe was the only true Christian form of architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? Who wrote Seven Lamps of Architecture? What was John Ruskin's profession? When was John Ruskin's Seven Lamps of Architecture published? What did architecture contribute to man? Is a building considered a work of architecture unless it is ornamented? What was of overriding significance for Ruskin? What makes a building not considered a work of architecture? What did a well-constructed, well-proportioned, functional building need? What century was Le Corbusier born? Who wrote about the difference between architecture and construction? What is a ure? What century was Le Corbusier born? What part of my body do you touch? How do you feel about this? What did Vitruvius introduce in place of "utility"? Along with practical and aesthetic criteria, what other criteria did functional encompass? Who introduced the concept of "function" in place of "utility"? What did "functional" encompass? The notion that structural and aesthetic considerations should be entirely subject to functionality was met with what? What are some of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects? Rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, and phenomenology are examples of what that have influenced modern architects? What is one of the philosophies that have influenced modern architects? Along with structuralism and rationalism, what is a notable modern architectural philosophy? When was sustainability added to the compass of both structure and function? What concept was added to the compass of both structure and function in the 20th century? What should a building be constructed in order to be environmentally friendly? What demands does a building need to meet in order to be environmentally friendly? What needs did building first evolve out of? What began to be formalized through oral traditions and practices? What did building become as a result of oral traditions and practices? What is the name given to the most highly formalized and respected versions of a craft? What is available in the means of building? What makes up most of the built world that people experience every day? Why did the economy expand? What is widely assumed to have caused architectural success? What type of architecture continues to be produced in many parts of the world? What type of settlement were early human settlements? What was created when the economy expanded due to a surplus in production? How did urban areas evolve? What were two ancient civilizations? What were two ancient civilizations? Urbanism reflected the constant engagement with what two things? What did monuments symbolize in ancient civilizations? Who wrote about architecture in the 7th-5th centuries BCE? Where was Kao Gong Ji from? When was Kao Gong Ji alive? Who was the Sri Lankan architect who wrote about architecture? Who wrote about ancient India? What religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What type of architecture showed great regional diversity? When did Hindu temple architecture develop? What two types of information is Hindu temple architecture concerned with expressing? What are the concepts of Hindu temple architecture? Along with Hindu and Sikh architecture, what type of architecture was influenced by Europe? What religion led to architectural forms that were designed specifically to enhance the natural landscape? What did the use of the pointed arch influence? When did Islamic architecture begin? Along with the Middle East, what architectural style did Islamic architecture incorporate? What needs did Islamic architecture cater to? What invention was used to influence European architecture during the Medieval period? What were the major architectural undertakings of around 900 CE? What were the major architectural undertakings of the 19th century? Who carried architectural knowledge across Europe? What style of architecture was Romanesque and Gothic? Along with Gothic, what pan-European style was created by clerics and tradesmen? When did the movements of clerics and tradesmen carry architectural knowledge across Europe? In what year did Renaissance Europe begin? When did Renaissance Europe begin? Where did Renaissance Humanism take place? Classical learning was revived during what period in Europe? What did Renaissance Humanism place greater emphasis on? There was still no dividing line between what three vocations? What considerations does architecture reflect? What three elements of design do architects use to reflect functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations? What aspects of realizing buildings and structures does Architecture encompass? Who stated that architecture goes beyond the functional aspects of human sciences? How does Nunzia Rondanini describe architecture? What can architecture stimulate and influence? What does architecture not promote? What aspect of architecture does Nunzia Rondanini say is different from other human sciences? What is formalism? What is formalism a purposeless endeavor? What is alism? From what did the architecture and urbanism of the Classical civilizations evolve? What type of architecture emerged from the Classical civilizations? What kind of ideals did the Greek and Roman evolve from? What type of style developed in the form of the Classical orders? Since when have text on architecture been written? Along with general advice, what did these texts provide? Along with formal prescriptions, what type of prescriptions did these texts provide? When was Vitruvius a Roman Architect? What is one of the most important early examples of canonic architecture? What were formed by craftsmen to organize their trades? What type of contracts have survived in medieval guilds? What type of buildings have written contracts survived in? What is another name for master mason? Science and engineering affected what aspects of buildings? The level of structural calculations involved was within the scope of what? What two disciplines began to separate? At what expense did the architect begin to focus on aesthetics? What type of architect usually dealt with wealthy clients? What did formal architectural training in the 19th century lack? Where did effective architects receive their training? What did the Industrial Revolution open the door for? What became cheaper under machine production? What became a criterion for the middle class as ornamented products? What kind of books can house builders use in their work? What could house builders use in their work? In what century did a general dissatisfaction with the emphasis on revivalist architecture give rise to many new lines of thought that served as precursors to Modern Architecture? Many new lines of thought served as precursors to what? When was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? Why was the Deutscher Werkbund formed? What school redefined the architectural bounds prior to 1919? What movement was modern architecture first practiced? Who did modernist architects want to cater to? What did the architectural practice of academic refinement of historical styles serve? What type of details did the Modernist architects remove from their buildings? What did the Modernist architects remove in favor of functionalist details? Who developed Organic architecture? What are two examples of Organic architecture? What was the goal of Organic architecture? What event gave birth to high-rise superstructures? What gave birth to high-rise superstructures? By mid-century, Modernism had morphed into what? What towers epitomized the International Style? Who designed the Twin Towers of New York? What aspect of historical styles did many architects dislike about modernism? Who were some of the architects who tried to expand the aesthetics of modernism? What were the facades of modernist buildings made of? What generation critiqued modernism and Brutalism? What is one of the cold aesthetic of modernism and Brutalism? What are two examples of metaphoric architecture? Biomorphism and zoomorphic architecture use what as the primary source of inspiration and design? Some consider postmodernism to be a school in its own right and a later development of what? When did architectural phenomenology emerge as an important movement in the early reaction against modernism? What was architectural phenomenology an early reaction against? What did architectural phenomenology aim to expand? Who defined postmodern architecture as "decorated shed"? What is another term for modernist and brutalist constructions? When did the field of architecture become multi-disciplinary? A large structure can no longer be the design of who? Which two philosophies have been criticized by some members of the architectural profession? What has become a mainstream issue in architecture? What has architecture schools been trying to focus on? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture? Who pioneered sustainability in architecture in the 1960s? What organization does the U.S. Green Building Council belong to? What are the recent movements that promote a sustainable approach towards construction? What types of architecture do modernist and globally uniform architecture tend to lean against? What does New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture promote? What type of architecture stands out from solitary housing estates and suburban sprawl? What are the three main indicators of the Human Development Index? Does a country score higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is what? Who developed the HDI? What organization published the HDI? Does a country score higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is what? In what year was the IHDI introduced? What does IHDI stand for? What is the actual level of human development? What can be viewed as an index of potential human development? When did Mahbub ul Haq launch his economic reforms? Who was the Nobel Laureate? What did Mahbub ul Haq want to change the focus of development economics to? When did Mahbub ul Haq launch his economic reforms? What is the term for Mean years of schooling? What is the term for years that a person has spent in school? What does EYS stand for? What is GNIpc? Who promulgates the HDI formula? When was the 2015 Human Development Report released? The 2015 Human Development Report calculates HDI values based on estimates for what year? When was the 2014 Human Development Report released? The 2014 Human Development Report calculates HDI values based on estimates for what year? What does the IHDI measure? What does the IHDI measure? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? Is HDI high or low in human development? Why were some countries not included? Along with the Marshall Islands, Nauru and South Sudan, what country was not included in the 2014 United Nations report? When was the 2013 Human Development Report released? In what year was the 2013 Human Development Report released? What does the IHDI measure? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? What year was the Human Development Report released? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? Why were some countries not included? Along with the Marshall Islands, Nauru, San Marino, South Sudan, Somalia and Tuvalu, what country was not included in the 2011 UN report? When was the 2010 Human Development Report released? In what year was the Human Development Report released? What are the three basic dimensions of human development? What country is missing from the top quartile of HDI? Why were some countries not included? What country lodged a formal protest at its lack of inclusion? What does Cuba rank as in later years? When was the 2009 Human Development Report released? What period does the 2009 Human Development Report cover? What was the title of the book? What category were the top countries in HDI grouped in? What does the report refer to these countries as? Why were some countries not included? What is it called when a report is published without an accompanying Human Development Report? The statistical update was published without what? The "statistical update" covered what period? When was the Human Development Report launched? What was the focus of the group? Most of the data used for the report is derived from what year? Most of the data used for the report is derived from what year? Where was the Human Development Report launched? What countries saw a decrease in HDI? What HDI score is considered "low development"? Where are the 22 countries in the category located? What is Gabon's ranking in the highest scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What is Gabon's score in Sub-Saharan countries? What are the two highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries? What HDI score is considered "high development"? Along with Albania, Belarus and Russia, what country joined the "medium development" group? Along with Albania, Belarus, Brazil, Libya, Macedonia and Saudi Arabia, what country joined the "medium development" group? Which arrows represent a decrease in ranking? Which arrows represent an increase in ranking over the previous study? What represents a nation that did not move in the rankings since the previous study? Which country has been ranked the highest twelve times? Which country has been ranked highest twice? What does the Human Development Index focus on? What model of development has the Human Development Index been criticized for favoring? From what perspective does the Human Development Index focus? What ideology has been criticized in the Human Development Index? How many sources of data error did they identify? When did the UNDP respond to the criticism of the HDI? What magazine did the Human Development Report Office respond to in January 2011? How many economies did the UNDP HDI enumerate in 2009? The HDI coverage for 2010 dropped to how many countries? What is another name for southern Europe? Spain and Portugal are two countries of what peninsula? What countries are geographically in the southern part of Europe? Along with Greece, what is another name for southern Europe? What attributes can be used to define southern Europe? What are three natural features of Southern Europe? What climate covers much of Portugal, Spain, Southeast France, Italy, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, and Turkey? Which regions of Turkey have the Mediterranean climate? What do the areas of Mediterranean climate have in common? Where are cooler climates found in Southern Europe? Which coast of Spain experiences a wetter Atlantic climate? What type of climate does the north coast of Spain experience? The Mediterranean Region is one of what type of flora? Who recognized the Mediterranean Region as one of the phytochoria? The rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece began what period? The period known as classical antiquity began with the rise of what? Under whose rule did Greek influence reach its zenith? In what city was the Western Roman Empire based? Where was the Eastern Roman Empire based? What peoples attacked northern Europe in AD 476? When was the Fall of the Western Roman Empire? By what year was the Roman Empire divided into two groups? What do modern historians refer to the Eastern Roman Empire as? Who moved into positions of power in the remnants of the former Western Roman Empire? What did Germanic peoples establish in Western Europe? What is the name of the period of religiously motivated military expeditions intended to bring the Levant back into Christian rule? In what year was the Sack of Constantinople? Which two cities did the Crusaders open the way for? What is the name of the movement that is trying to reconquer Iberia for Christendom? The Sack of Constantinople brought an abrupt end to what empire? What period was marked by upheaval in Europe? What is the name of the epidemic that caused demographic catastrophe in Europe? Which empire encroached on former Byzantine lands in the Balkans? In what year did Constantinople fall? In what century did the Renaissance of knowledge begin? In what city was the 14th century? The Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in what areas? What classical texts were rediscovered during the Renaissance of knowledge? Which countries participated in the Reconquista? When did the Peace of Westphalia end? The Treaty of the Pyrenees ended a conflict between which two countries? Who invented the telescope and thermometer? Who invented the radio? What did European overseas expansion lead to? What did European expansion produce? What was the new economy based on? What was the result of resource inflows from the New World and what other event? When did revolutionary attempts and independence wars occur? Who did the Balkan nations regain independence from? In what year was Rome captured? What is the term for the scramble for empires called? In what year did World War I begin? In what year did the Allies defeat the Central Powers? The Treaty of Versailles was imposed during what conference? What regime came to power in 1933? Who was the leader of the Nazi regime? Along with the Nazi regime, what country sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War? Who was the leader of Italy during the Second World War? What alliance did the countries in the Soviet sphere of influence join? What is the European Union? What three areas did the EU have responsibility for? When did communism end in the satellite countries? In what year did the Soviet Union dissolve? When did Croatia join the European Union? What are the most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe? In what areas of Europe is Italian spoken? Where is Catalan spoken? Which Romance language is spoken in northwestern Spain? How many people in Spain speak Spanish? What Greek language is spoken in Greece? Hellenic languages are spoken in the Greek part of what country? What language is spoken in Macedonia? What language is spoken in Bulgaria? Where is Slovene spoken? What language is used as a second language in Southern Europe? Along with Gibraltar, what is the other primary language in Southern Europe? What is the primary language of Malta? What language is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece? What type of language is Malta? Where is the Basque Country located? What is the predominant religion in southern Europe? In what year was Christianity adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire? What is the religion of Christians in the western half of Southern Europe? What is the religion of Christians in the eastern half of Southern Europe? The United Nations Organization groups countries under a classification of what? The assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for what reason? What does the United Nations call Southern Europe? What does TDM stand for? Who divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics? What is the name of the British Broadcasting Corporation's television service? The corporation has operated in the United Kingdom under what terms? In what year did the corporation begin producing television broadcasts from its own? When was the start of the corporation's regular broadcast of television broadcasts? The corporation has operated in what country since 1927? What percentage of total UK viewing does the domestic BBC television channels account for? The corporation is one of the world's largest what? When did Baird Television Ltd. broadcast its first television broadcast? Where was Baird Television Ltd.'s first television broadcast? On what date did Baird Television Ltd. broadcast its first television broadcast? When did Baird broadcasts stop? When was simultaneous transmission of sound and picture achieved? Where was the BBC's first broadcast from? What device carried the 30-line images? What type of broadcasts were rendered obsolete by advances in all-electronic television systems? Where did the studio move to in 1934? When did the studio move to larger quarters? From what building did regular BBC broadcasts begin in 1936? On what band is the transmitter now broadcast? How many -line Baird intermediate film systems does the BBC use? How many -line Marconi-EMI systems did the BBC use? When was the first regular high definition television service broadcast? How long were the systems on trial for? What kind of camera did the Baird system use? When did the Baird system close? What was the initial radius of the Alexandra Palace transmitter? In what year were transmissions picked up by RCA engineers in New York? What company picked up transmissions from the Alexandra Palace transmitter in 1938? What were the engineers at RCA in New York experimenting with? Where was the BBC antenna located in 1930? When did BBC One begin broadcasting? What was the first broadcast on a dedicated TV channel? Which two monarchs were coronated in 1937? When was the postal service suspended? What was the government concerned would be a beacon to enemy aircraft? On what programme would many of the television service's technical staff and engineers be needed? What was the name of the last Mickey Mouse cartoon broadcast? When was broadcasting suspended? How many television sets were manufactured from 1936 to 1939? Who was one of the original announcers? When did BBC Television return? Where did Alexandra Palace move to in the 1950s? What cartoon was repeated twenty minutes after 1939? In what city was the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station located? What was the name of the transmitting station that extended post-war broadcast coverage to Birmingham? What type of image did the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station transmit? On what device was the 405-line interlaced image transmitted? What was the BBC Television Service renamed in 1960? Which channel did the BBC compete with for the highest ratings for that week? What was the name of the Doctor Who show that aired on Sky in 1963? Where did television transmissions resume in 1946? What was the name of the third television station in the UK? What was the name of the third television station for the UK? What was the cause of the fire at Battersea Power Station? What was the cause of the power failure? Who held a candle at the launch? What was the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in color? When did BBC One and ITV begin broadcasting 625-line colour broadcasts? What type of programming does BBC Two not have? Who was the controller of BBC2? Civilisation, The Ascent of Man and Horizon are examples of what kind of series? In what year did Tom and Jerry first appear on BBC One? When did the BBC stop airing the cartoon duo? How many episodes of Tom and Jerry were shown each evening on BBC One? On what channel did Tom and Jerry occasionally appear? David Attenborough was later granted sabbatical leave from his job as Controller to work with what unit? When did the BBC Natural History Unit begin? What are some of Attenborough's high quality programmes? How many regions make up BBC One? Which nations of the United Kingdom have been granted more autonomy from the English network? Who introduces programmes in the United Kingdom? What is an example of a programme that is not broadcast on BBC One? What political programme is produced by BBC Northern Ireland? What soap opera is produced by BBC Scotland? What language does BBC Scotland broadcast in? What are two popular Gaelic-speaking programmes produced by BBC Scotland? What is the name of the BBC Northern Ireland talk show? What percentage of its output does the BBC have to source from independent British production companies? Which Simpsons program is no longer shown in the United States? Along with The Simpsons, what Australian program has been imported from Australia? What kind of service was Ceefax? In what year did Ceefax begin? What is the name of the new interactive television service? When did the BBC announce that it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted? The BBC intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels unencrypted from what? When did the BBC say it intended to transmit its domestic television channels unencrypted? How much did the move save the BBC over the next five years? Where was the Astra 2D satellite broadcast free to the public? Which studios have concerns about unencrypted signal leaking out? On which platform were Scottish Premier League broadcasts made unavailable? Which games were unavailable on the Sky Digital platform? When did the BBC celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins? What was the name of the DVD that showed highlights of the BBC's television coverage? What was the name of the television news bulletins produced by the BBC before 1954? What BBC show won a BAFTA award in 2005? Who headed the BBC Television department in 2006? What was the name of the BBC Television department headed by Jana Bennett? What was the reason for the restructuring of the BBC? In what year did the BBC begin experimenting with live streaming? When were all standard BBC television channels made available to watch online? What is the corporation's most exported television programme? How many times has Keeping Up Appearances been sold to overseas broadcasters? Who confirmed that Keeping Up Appearances is the corporation's most exported television programme? How often are viewers required to pay the television licence fee? How are the BBC's international television channels funded? In what year did Television revert to its original name? Who is the head of the BBC's television division? What is the BBC responsible for? When did BBC Japan begin operating? When did BBC Japan end operation? What kind of channel was BBC Japan? When was Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger born? What is Arnold's full name? How many terms did Arnold serve as the 38th Governor of California? At what age did Arnold begin weight training? How many times did Von Neumann win the Mr. Olympia contest? What was the name of Conan the Barbarian's 1982 film? At what age did Von Neumann win the Mr. Universe title? What was Arnold's nickname during his bodybuilding days? In what year did Schwarzenegger complete his second term as governor? What political party was Davis a part of? Who was the governor of Oklahoma in 2003? When was Schwarzenegger sworn in for his second term? In what country is Styria located? What was Arnold's mother's maiden name? What was Arnold's father's name? What was Gustav's job title? Who was Gustav's elder son? What appliance did Arnold's family buy in his youth? What sport did Von Neumann play? Who starred in the first real movie that I saw? What kind of officer was Von Neumann? Along with Reg Park and Reg Park, who was a notable bodybuilder in Graz? In what year did Meinhard die? What is the name of Meinhard's son? What caused Gustav to die? Who is his first serious girlfriend? In 2004, who interviewed Arnold Schwarzenegger? What title was my ticket to America? What contest did he win during his army service? In what year did Arnold make his first plane trip? In what city was the NABBA Mr. Universe competition held? Who was Arnold's childhood idol? In what part of Arnold's body was muscle definition improved? How many hours did Schwarzenegger train every day? What gym did Arnold work in? At what age did Schwarzenegger dream of moving to the U.S.? How old was Arnold when he moved to the U.S.? In what city was the first Mr. Olympia title won? Who was one of Arnold's weight training partners? Who said that Schwarzenegger is the most famous immigrant in America? What was the name of Arnold Schwarzenegger's autobiography? Where did Von Neumann take English classes? What meditation did Arnold learn from a friend? What was Arnold Schwarzenegger struggling with when he was teaching Transcendental Meditation? What annual bodybuilding competition is Arnold commemorated in? How often does Von Neumann write a column for the magazines Muscle & Fitness and Flex? How much money did the magazines donate to the Governor's physical fitness initiatives each year? What position did Koch hold after being elected Governor? What contest did Von Neumann win in 1965? How many Mr. Olympia wins did Lee Haney win? How long does it take to lift weights every day? What contest did Arnold Schwarzenegger win in 1967? In what year did Davis win his first title? Who did Von Neumann defeat in 1969? In what year did Arnold win Mr. Olympia? How old was Arnold Schwarzenegger when he won the competition? Who did Schwarzenegger beat for the title in 1975? In what year did Arnold win the title for the sixth time? What contest did Arnold Schwarzenegger win in 1975? What was the name of the bodybuilding documentary that Arnold filmed? How long did it take to prepare for the competition? Who starred in the film Stay Hungry? For what role was Schwarzenegger training? How many weeks did it take to win the event? How many weeks did it take to win the event? In what year didenegger admit to using performance-enhancing anabolic steroids? Who did Arnold Schwarzenegger sue in 1999? How much was the libel judgment against Schwarzenegger? Which tabloid did Schwarzenegger sue in 1999? What was the name of the movie that Arnold played in 1970? What was Arnold's nickname? Who directed 'The Long Goodbye'? What award did Altman receive for his role in Stay Hungry? What did casting agents tell me my body was too? In what year did Schwarzenegger buy the rights to Pumping Iron? In what year was a biographical film made about Mickey Hargitay? What was the title of the movie that Shwarzenegger auditioned for? What was the name of the 1979 comedy with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret? What was the name of the sequel to Conan the Destroyer? When was Conan the Destroyer released? Who played the eponymous character? Along with Arnold Schwarzenegger, who was an international action star in the 1980s? When was The Running Man released? What was the name of the 1988 comedy with Danny DeVito? How much did Total Recall earn? What was the name of the 1992 telemovie made by Arnold? What was the name of the 1990 TV series that Arnold directed? What was the highest-grossing film of 1991? Who named him the "International Star of the Decade"? What was the name of Arnold Schwarzenegger's next film? What was the name of Arnold Schwarzenegger's comedy with Danny DeVito? Rise of the Machines earned over how much worldwide? How tall was the Terminator statue proposed to be? What is the name of the local cultural association that proposed plans to build a Terminator statue? What film did Biebs appear in in 2005? What was the name of the main character of the comic book and animated series? With whom did Schwarzenegger co-developed the character of Stan Lee? What was the name of the movie written by Randall Wallace? Who wrote 'With Wings as Eagles'? When did Schwarzenegger announce that his movie projects were being halted? How many years was The Last Stand his first leading role? What was Stallone's first co-starring role? What was the name of the fifth Terminator movie? In what year was the fifth Terminator movie released? In what year was the Republican National Convention held? What was the name of the anti-drug video released by the Reagan administration? In what year did Bush first become a Republican? Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 1988? What was Bush's nickname? In what year did Arnold speak to Talk magazine about running for office? Which publication claimed that Schwarzenegger was considering running for governor of California? When did Schwarzenegger announce his candidacy for Governor of California? How many of Arnold Schwarzenegger's films were named "The Running Man"? What percentage of the vote did Davis get in favor of a recall? Which Democrat did Schwarzenegger defeat? How many votes did Schwarzenegger get in the election? What percentage of the vote did Bustamante get? Who was the second foreign-born governor of California? Who said he would start a drive to recall Schwarzenegger? What was the name of the sketch that aired on Saturday Night Live? In what month of 2005 was the special election called? How many ballot measures were defeated in the 2005 special election? Who did President Obama appoint as Chief of Staff? Who was the California State Treasurer in 2006? In what city did Gavin Newsom live? In 2010, what political office was it rumored that Arnold might run for? Who wrote an unofficial biography on Arnold Schwarzenegger? Who was Eunice's hero? In what TV show is Schwarzenegger portrayed as the president? When did Von Neumann become a U.S. citizen? What nationality is Schwarzenegger? Along with Giuliani and Giuliani, who was a potential Republican presidential candidate in 2008? Along with McCain, what Republican presidential candidate was a close ally of Arnold? What concerns did both McCain and Schwwarzenegger have? What group named Schwarzenegger one of the 11 worst governors in the US? What was Bush's approval rating in December 2003? What was Eisenhower's approval rating in October 2003? What was the name given to the allegations of sexual and personal misconduct leveled against Schwarzenegger? How many women came forward with their stories? Which newspaper reported on allegations of sexual misconduct against several women? What clothing did the fifth woman claim Schwarzenegger tried to take off her in a hotel elevator? In an interview with what magazine did Arnold Schwarzenegger say marijuana isn't a drug? What substance did Schwarzenegger discuss attending sexual orgies and using? Which British television personality settled a libel lawsuit against Arnold Schwarzenegger? What was the name of the event that claimed that Schwarzenegger touched Madonna's breast? Who published an article alleging that she encouraged his behavior? In what year was the death penalty abolished in Austria? Who demanded that Parliament revoke Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship? When did Schwarzenegger sign a bill creating the nation's first cap on greenhouse gas emissions? Along with manufacturing plants, what type of facilities are allowed to release emissions into the atmosphere? When does California plan to reduce its emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels? Which region did the executive order allow California to work with? What type of heat heaters have been installed in his home? When did the plan take effect? What do they plan to reduce by issuing a limited amount of carbon credits? Where was the 2009 SAE World Congress held? Which article of the Constitution prevents individuals who are not natural born citizens from becoming governor? Who reported that Arnold was considering a presidential run in 2013? Michael Dorf is a law professor at what university? On what did Schwarzenegger write his goals at the start of the year? At what age was Arnold Schwarzenegger a millionaire? Along with Schwarzenegger, who started a bricklaying business in 1968? What event caused the business to flourish? How much did the apartment building that Schwarzenegger purchased cost? What chain of theme restaurants did Arnold invest in? In what year did Schwarzenegger sever his financial ties with the business? What was the Planet Hollywood chain of theme restaurants modeled after? What investment firm does Von Neumann have significant ownership in? In what city was a shopping mall invested? What is the name of the movie production company Von Neumann owns? Fitness Publications is a joint publishing venture with what publisher? What was the name of the restaurant that Arnold opened in Santa Monica? In what city was Schatzi On Main located? What does schatzi mean? In what year did he sell his restaurant? In what year did Shriver separate from her husband? How much money did Schwarzenegger spend on a Gulfstream jet in June 1997? When did Baker publish her memoir? What did Baker find him not understanding of when she first met him? What was the first television broadcast of the couple's first date? Who was Arnold's next paramour? At what event did Shriver meet Shriver? When did the relationship between Shriver and Shwarzenegger end? What is Shriver's relation to Kennedy? In what city was Shriver born? How many children does Arnold Schwarzenegger have? What is the name of the physical therapist that Arnold is dating? How long had Shriver and Arnold been married? Which newspaper reported that Arnold had fathered a son with Mildred Patricia 'Patty'? How many years did Baena work for his family? What is the name of Baena's son with Arnold Schwarzenegger? When did he buy a new four-bedroom house in Bakersfield? Who is the attorney that Arnold has consulted? Who has consulted with Bob Kaufman? What type of support did the initial petition not include? Which actress claimed to have had an affair with Shriver while he was dating Shriver? What kind of aortic valve was Arnold born with? In what year didenegger opt for a heart valve made of his own tissue? What was the name of Arnold Schwarzenegger's son? What part of his femur broke when Schwarzenegger tripped over a ski pole? In what state did Schwarzenegger fall over and break his femur? At what airport did Schwarzenegger's private jet make an emergency landing? What is the official height of Schwarzenegger? Which Assemblyman did Schwarzenegger engage in a lighthearted exchange with? How tall was Schwarzenegger? What was the name of the autobiography written by Arnold Schwarzenegger? What is the name of the chapter that Avicenna devotes to his extramarital affair? When was Total Recall released? In what year did AM General produce a street-legal version of the Humvee? What type of vehicle did Schwarzenegger buy in 1992? What color was Prince's car in 2015? How much does the Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 weigh? How much did the conversion cost? What is the name of the hydrogen refueling plant that Trump signed? Which government grant helped pay for the California Hydrogen Highway Network? What does ICG stand for? In what city were the Special Olympics held in 2007? How many schools does ICG serve? What school is the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy a part of? In what year did Schwarzenegger found the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy? What position does Schwarzenegger hold at the Institute? How many kilometers is Plymouth from Exeter? How many miles west of London is Plymouth? What river joins Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall? In what county is Plymouth located? What is the name of the Sound that joins Plymouth to form the boundary with Cornwall? Where did the first settlement appear in the Bronze Age? What was the name of the more prosperous village before Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave Plymouth for the New World? When did the English Civil War end? What was the name of the second settlement in what is now the United States of America? What town became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town? In what year did Plymouth gain city status? What was the name of the bombing of Plymouth during World War II? In what year was the city centre expanded? What was the urban district of? How many people live in Southampton? Where does the most populous built-up area rank in the United Kingdom? How many MP are there in Plymouth? What Spanish city is connected to Plymouth by ferry? What university is located at HMNB Devonport? What is the name of the settlement named in Ptolemy's Geographia? Where have artifacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age been found? What does TAMARI OSTIA mean? In what century did the river silted up? What does Sutton mean in Old English? In what year was the name "Preym Mouth" first mentioned? Who first officially replaced Sutton in the charter of 1440? What does Plym Mouth mean? In what year did the French attack the manor house? Who burned the town in 1403? In what year was Drake's Fort built? What did the castle serve to protect? In what year was an Act of Parliament passed for further fortifying Plymouth? Who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade? Who was the Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593? When did Drake engage the Spanish Armada? When did the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World? What was the name of the second English colony in America? Who did Plymouth side with during the English Civil War? For how many years was Plymouth besieged by the Royalists? Where were the Plymothians defeated? In what year did King Charles II restore the monarchy? Where did King Charles II imprison many of the Parliamentary heroes? In what century did the Atlantic slave trade begin? In what century did Plymouth lose its pre-eminence as a trading port? When did HMNB Devonport open? On what river did HMNB Devonport dock? How many men were employed in 1712? What was the population of Southampton in 1733? What is the name of the parish where HMNB Devonport opened? Along with grain and coal, what was Plymouth's main import before the 18th century? What was Plymouth Dock renamed to in 1824? Along with Plymouth and Devonport, what is one of the Three Towns conurbation? Who designed the urban developments in the Three Towns conurbation? What street was Foulston responsible for most of? Who established the Plymouth Porcelain venture? When did William Cookworthy establish his Plymouth Porcelain venture? What was William Cookworthy's profession? Who was an associate and host of the Eddystone Lighthouse? How many kilometers long is the Breakwater? Who designed the Breakwater? In what year did Rennie die? When did work on the Breakwater begin? The Breakwater was designed to protect the fleet moving in and out of what city? Along with sodium nitrate and phosphate, what was one of the greatest imports to Plymouth in the 19th century? What town was Plymouth's dockyard located in? Where did major units of the Royal Navy move to safety? Devonport was an important base for what type of ships? Where did flying boats operate from? Who operated Sunderland flying boats? What command was headquartered in Devonport until 1941? How many raids did the Luftwaffe have in Plymouth? How many civilians died in the dockyards? How many houses in Nanjing were completely destroyed? Who was responsible for the redevelopment of Plymouth? How many homes were built every year in Melbourne between 1951 and 1957? How many new homes had been built in Melbourne by 1964? When was the Civic Centre constructed? What grade was added to the Civic Centre to prevent its demolition? What aircraft carrier did Devonport Dockyard refit after the war? By what year had the army substantially left Southampton? What is the name of the Commando that remains in Southampton? In what book was the first recorded settlement at Plymouth? When was the first recorded settlement in Plymouth? What was the first recorded settlement in Plymouth? In what year did Southampton gain status as a town? When did Southampton become the first town in England to be granted a Charter by Parliament? Who was elected in 1919? What was Nancy Astor's constituency? When was Plymouth granted city status? When was the first Lord Mayor appointed? What parish did Plympton expand its boundaries to include in 1967? What was Michael Foot's constituency? What position did Michael Foot hold before becoming MP? What act was Michael Foot responsible for? What party was Michael Foot elected to? Where was Michael Foot born? How many people lived in Plymouth in 1971? What proposed abolishing county boroughs? What county did Plymouth lobbying for? When did Plymouth cease to be a county borough? Who recommended that the city become a unitary authority? What is the European Parliament's name for Plymouth? Who was the Conservative MP for Sutton and Devonport in 2015? What party did the three constituencies return in the 2015 general election? What is the name of one of the three constituencies Plymouth is represented by? How many Councillors does Plymouth elect? How many councillors make up the City of Plymouth's council? How many members of the Norfolk County Council are up for election each year? What French city is Plymouth twinned with? When was Plymouth, United States twinned with Plymouth? Who granted Plymouth the dignity of Lord Mayor? How many councillors are elected each year? Who is chosen by the Lord Mayor? Who is the Conservative Councillor for 2015-16? What is the name of the Lord Mayor's official residence? Who gave Waldorf and Nancy Astor to the City of Plymouth? Where is the Civic Centre municipal office building located? When did the Civic Centre municipal office building become a listed building? How much does it cost to refurbish the Civic Centre municipal office building? What river flows into the natural harbour of Plymouth Sound? What river is on the east side of Plymouth? The River Tamar forms the county boundary between Devon and what other county? Plymouth and Tamar flow into what natural harbour? When did the unitary authority of Plymouth begin? What is the smaller estuary to the east of the city called? When was Plymouth Breakwater first used? What is a flat public area on top of limestone cliffs? How many square miles is Plymouth? How many meters above Ordnance Datum is the topography at Roborough? What is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs classified as? The headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound are formed of what slates? Along with Devonian slate and limestone, what other type of limestone is present in Plymouth? The bulk of the city is built on what slates? Why is Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs a Site of Special Scientific Interest? The Hoe runs from Plymstock to what town? What mass of granite is north and east of Southampton? What river did rocks bring down from Dartmoor? Along with Radford and West Hoe, in what district of Plymouth was the middle Devonian limestone belt quarried? The Hoe is made of what type of stone? When was Sir Patrick Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth published? Who wrote the Plan for Plymouth? What is the north-south avenue in Plymouth called? Who led the 'Vision for Plymouth'? How many parks are in Plymouth? What type of climate does Plymouth have? What is the mean temperature in degrees Celsius? What is the coldest month in Seattle? How many European winter storms occurred between 09-10? What month is the warmest? Rainfall tends to be associated with what type of depressions? In what season are Atlantic depressions more vigorous? How many millimetres is the average annual rainfall in inches? Which month has the highest mean wind speeds? Where does most of the rain fall in the Atlantic depressions? What is the average annual sunshine hours on the coast? Which part of England has a favoured location when the Azores High pressure area extends north-eastwards? What is the record high temperature for June 1976? When did the temperature reach 31.6 degrees Celsius? How many days of the year will have a maximum temperature of 25.1 degrees Celsius or above? What was the January 1979 temperature? When did the coldest night in Southampton fall? How many students attend the University of Plymouth? Where does the University of Plymouth rank among the largest universities in the UK? How many people does the Royal Institute employ? What is the annual income of Imperial? When was Polytechnic South West founded? What university offers teacher training across the country and abroad? What type of training does the University of St Mark & St John offer? What college offers media courses? How many students attend City College Plymouth? How many years ago was the Royal Institute of Design founded? How many independent colleges of art and design are there in the UK? How many large colleges are in Cork? How many state primary phase schools does Plymouth have? How many state secondary schools does Plymouth have? How many selective state grammar schools does Plymouth have? What is the name of the independent school in Plymouth? What is the name of the Plymouth High School for Boys? What is the name of the engineering college in Southampton? In what year did the college close? What was the former name of Southampton Technical College? In what year did the Dockyard Technical College close? To what university was training transferred after the closure of Dockyard Technical College? What does MBA stand for? What is the name of the foundation that is responsible for the Plymouth Marine Sciences Partnership? Along with the Diving Diseases Research Centre, the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences and Plymouth University, what is a member of the Plymouth Marine Sciences Partnership? What does the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences, Plymouth University's Marine Institute and the Diving Diseases Research Centre form? Along with the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences and the Diving Diseases Research Centre, what other aquarium is part of the Plymouth Marine Sciences Partnership? What was Plymouth's unitary authority area population in 2011? What was Plymouth's population in 2001? How many more people were in Plymouth in the 2011 census? What was the average household size in Cork? What percentage of Plymouth's population is Chinese? What percentage of Devon's GVA does Plymouth's gross value added make up? What was Plymouth's gross value added in 2013? What was the GVA per person? What was the national average of GVA per person? What was the unemployment rate in Plymouth in 2014? What percent of Plymouth's population is poverty and deprivation? What was the life expectancy for men in the South West of England? What was the life expectancy for women in the South West of England? What was the life expectancy in the South West of England? How many people work in the defence sector? How many people are in the armed forces in Plymouth? When did the Plymouth Gin Distillery begin producing Plymouth Gin? What company has been producing Plymouth Gin since 1793? When was gin the most widely distributed gin? What percentage of Plymouth's income does the Dockyard generate? What is the UK's only naval base that refits nuclear submarines? How many marine and maritime businesses are in the south west? How many people does Tamar Science Park employ? What is one company that has chosen to locate their headquarters in Plymouth? What is located at the west end of the zone inside a grade II listed building? When was the Pannier Market completed? Where does Plymouth rank nationally in retail floorspace? What is situated at the foot of the Hoe? How much is the Tinside Pool expected to cost to restore? What is the name of the project that Plymouth Council is currently undertaking? Who is the architect behind the "Vision for Plymouth"? What does PCC stand for? How many people are planned to increase the population in Nanjing? How many dwellings are planned in Nanjing? In what year was the old Drake Circus shopping center demolished? When did the new Drake Circus Shopping Centre open? Where is TR2 located? What award did TR2 win? Who said the movie was "ten years out of date"? What is the current location of Plymouth City Council's headquarters? What was demolished to create a canal? What is the name of the town that the canal would link to the city centre? What is the boundary between the urban and suburban areas of Detroit called? How many miles away is Exeter from Plymouth? What bridge connects Cornwall and Devon? What airport is George Junction? Along with Target Travel, Plymouth Citybus provides regular bus service to what area? Who runs the regular international ferry service from Millbay to France? What is the name of the French city that Brittany Ferries takes cars and foot passengers to? What is one of the three ferries that Brittany Ferries operates? What is the name of the ferry that runs between Cremyll and the Cornish hamlet? When did the passenger ferry between Stonehouse and the Cornish hamlet of Cremyll begin operating? What is the name of the city's airport? How many kilometers is Plymouth City Airport from the city centre? When does FlyPlymouth plan to reopen the airport? Who plans to reopen the city airport by 2018? When did Plymouth railway station open? Who manages the Plymouth railway station? Along with the Tamar Valley Line and the Cornish Main Line, what other local train line serves smaller stations? How many main political parties are in the region? What network does the Great Western Railway operate on? On what date was the Dawlish sea wall breached? About how many feet was the wall breached? When did the line reopen? On what date was the Dawlish sea wall breached? How many churches does Plymouth have? When was the Roman Catholic cathedral built in Plymouth? What is the largest parish church in Devon? What is St Andrew's? How many Methodist chapels are in Detroit? What was the name of the Jew mentioned in Drake's log? When was the Plymouth Synagogue built? What grade is the Plymouth Synagogue? What is the name of the oldest Synagogue in the English speaking world? What percentage of the population described themselves as being at least nominally Christian? What percentage of the population was Muslim in 2011? What is the percentage of people without a religion? What is the national average of people without a religion? What percentage of the population is there? In what year was Union Street built? Who was a notable performer at the New Palace Theatre in the 1930s? In what decade were there 30 pubs in New Palace Theatre? Who would come to the servicemen's playground? What outdoor event attracts tens of thousands of people across the waterfront? When did Roy Lowry set the world record for the most simultaneous fireworks? Who set the record for the most simultaneous fireworks? What university is Roy Lowry associated with? In what year did the Music of the Night begin? What is the capacity of the Theatre Royal? How many people can Drum Theatre hold? What is the cost of admission to the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery? How many galleries does the Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery have? In what year was the theatre added to the building? Plymouth is the regional television centre of what? What station did ITV West Country merge with? When did ITV Westcountry close? What station merged with ITV West in 2009? What is the name of the BBC Radio Devon station? What is the name of the football club in Plymouth? What is the fourth tier of English football called? What is the team's home ground called? What is Plymouth's nickname? What Non-League football club is based in Weston Mill? What is the name of the Plymouth Raiders basketball club? What is the name of the basketball club in Plymouth? When was the Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club founded? Where do the Plymouth Pavilions play? When was the Plymouth Pavilions founded? When was the Port of Plymouth Regatta first held? When did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series? How many days did Plymouth host the America's Cup World Series? Since what year has Plymouth been supplied water by South West Water? Who supplied the electricity prior to 1973? When was Plymouth's Leat opened? What river did the watercourse tap? When was the canal completed? Who is responsible for waste management throughout the city? What body of water is responsible for sewerage in Portsmouth? What is the name of the company that distributes Plymouth's electricity? When did the Langage Power Station start producing electricity for Plymouth? The Langage Power Station is on the outskirts of what town? When was the Plymouth Borough Police formed? Where is the Divisional HQ? How many fire stations does Plymouth have? Where is the Royal National Lifeboat Institution stationed? What did the Plymouth Borough Police eventually become part of? What is the name of the NHS hospital in Plymouth? How many kilometers is Derriford Hospital in miles? What is located at Derriford Hospital? Who operates in Plymouth and the rest of the south west? Where is the South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust headquarters? When was Ford Park Cemetery reopened? Along with Efford, at what cemetery is Ford Park Cemetery? What is the name of the privately owned cemetery in Richmond? What is placed into the ground in Drake Memorial Park? When was Ford Park Cemetery opened? When was the Royal Citadel built? After what war was the Royal Citadel built? When was Smeaton's Tower built? How many kilometers off shore is Smeaton's Tower? What memorial commemorates the defeat of the Spanish Armada? What was the name of the early port settlement of Plymouth? When did the Pilgrim Fathers leave for the New World? What is the name of the steps that the Pilgrim Fathers left for the New World? How many marine species does the National Marine Aquarium have? How many listed buildings are in the settlement of Sutton? What is a well restored example of a "Palmerston's Folly"? In what direction is the city on the outskirts? Who owns Buckingham Palace? What direction is Devonport from Plymouth? How many waymarkers are on the Devonport Heritage Trail? Plymouth is often used as a base by visitors to Dartmoor, the Tamar Valley and the beaches of what area? Along with Cawsand and Whitsand Bay, what is a popular fishing area? Plymouth is also used by visitors to Dartmoor, the beaches of south-east Cornwall and what other valley? Who designed the building that houses the University's Arts faculty? When was the building that houses the University's Arts faculty opened? What university is the Roland Levinsky building a landmark building for? What faculty is housed in the building that was designed by Henning Larsen? Where is the Roland Levinsky building located? What are people from Plymouth known as? What is another name for Plymothians? What is the Devon form of John? What is the Devon form of Cousin Jan? Where was Sir Francis Drake born? What did the Spanish call him? In what year did Von Neumann die? What disease did Von Neumann die of? Who was the founder and first president of the Royal Academy? Which artist lived in Plymouth until his death in 2002? Where did David McKee train? What type of musician is John Surman? Who is the guitarist for AMM? Where do Michael Foot's family live? What is Trevor Francis's profession? What nationality is Chris Axworthy? Which president did Donald Moffat play in the film The Right Stuff? What film did Donald Moffat play fictional President Bennett? What is Dawn French's profession?