Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-instruct
Model Overview
Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-instruct is a model which offers a great tradeoff between model accuracy and efficiency. Efficiency (throughput) directly translates to price, providing great ‘quality-per-dollar’. Using a novel Neural Architecture Search (NAS) approach we greatly reduce the model’s memory footprint, enabling larger workloads, as well as fitting the model on a single GPU at high workloads (H100-80GB). This NAS approach enables the selection of a desired point in the accuracy-efficiency tradeoff. This model is ready for commercial use.
License
This model is released under the NVIDIA Open Model License Agreement. Additional Information: Llama 3.1 Community License Agreement. Built with Llama.
How was the model developed
Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-instruct is a large language model (LLM) which is a derivative of Llama-3.1-70B-instruct (AKA the reference model). We utilize a block-wise distillation of the reference model, where for each block we create multiple variants providing different tradeoffs of quality vs. computational complexity. We then search over the blocks to create a model which meets the required throughput and memory (optimized for a single H100-80GB GPU) while minimizing the quality degradation. The model then undergoes knowledge distillation (KD), with a focus on English single and multi-turn chat use-cases. The KD step included 40 billion tokens consisting of a mixture of 3 datasets - FineWeb, Buzz-V1.2 and Dolma.
Links to NIM, blog and huggingface
This results in a final model that is aligned for human chat preferences.
Model Developers: NVIDIA
Model Input: Text only
Model Output: Text only
Model Dates: Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-instruct was trained between August and September 2024
Data Freshness: The pretraining data has a cutoff of 2023
Sequence Length Used During Distillation: 8192
Quick Start
Our code requires the transformers
package version to be 4.44.2 or higher
See the snippet below for usage with transformers:
import torch
import transformers
model_id = "nvidia/Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-Instruct"
model_kwargs = {"torch_dtype": torch.bfloat16, "trust_remote_code": True, "device_map": "auto"}
tokenizer = transformers.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
tokenizer.pad_token_id = tokenizer.eos_token_id
pipeline = transformers.pipeline(
"text-generation",
model=model_id,
tokenizer=tokenizer,
max_new_tokens=20,
**model_kwargs
)
print(pipeline([{"role": "user", "content": "Hey how are you?"}]))
Required Hardware
FP8 Inference (recommended):
- 1x H100-80GB GPU
BF16 Inference:
- 2x H100-80GB GPUs
- 2x A100-80GB GPUs
Model Architecture
The model is a derivative of Llama-3.1-70B, using Neural Architecture Search (NAS). The NAS algorithm results in non-standard and non-repetitive blocks. This includes the following:
- Variable Grouped Query Attention (VGQA) - each block can have a different number of KV (keys and values) heads, ranging from 1 to Llama’s typical 8.
- Skip attention - in some blocks the attention is skipped entirely, or replaced with a single linear layer.
- Variable FFN - the expansion/compression ratio in the FFN layer is different between blocks.
Architecture Type: Transformer Decoder (auto-regressive language model)
Software Integration
Runtime Engine(s):
- NeMo 24.05
Supported Hardware Architecture Compatibility: NVIDIA H100, A100 80GB (BF16 quantization).
[Preferred/Supported] Operating System(s):
- Linux
Intended use
Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-Instruct is a general purpose chat model intended to be used in English and coding languages. Other non-English languages are also supported.
Evaluation Results
Data Collection Method by dataset
- Automated
MT-Bench
Evaluated using select datasets from the Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arena MT-bench - 8.99
MMLU
Evaluated using the Multi-task Language Understanding benchmarks as introduced in Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding
MMLU (5-shot) |
---|
80.2% |
GSM8K
Evaluated using the Grade School Math 8K (GSM8K) benchmark as introduced in Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems
GSM8K (5-shot) |
---|
91.43% |
Winogrande
Winogrande (5-shot) |
---|
84.53% |
Arc-C
Arc challenge (25-shot) |
---|
69.20% |
Hellaswag
Hellaswag (10-shot) |
---|
85.58% |
Truthful QA
TruthfulQA (0-shot) |
---|
58.63%% |
Limitations
The model was trained on data that contains toxic language, unsafe content, and societal biases originally crawled from the internet. Therefore, the model may amplify those biases and return toxic responses especially when prompted with toxic prompts. The model may generate answers that may be inaccurate, omit key information, or include irrelevant or redundant text producing socially unacceptable or undesirable text, even if the prompt itself does not include anything explicitly offensive.
The model demonstrates weakness to alignment-breaking attacks. Users are advised to deploy language model guardrails alongside this model to prevent potentially harmful outputs.
Adversarial Testing and Red Teaming Efforts
The Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B-instruct model underwent extensive safety evaluation including adversarial testing via three distinct methods:
- Garak, is an automated LLM vulnerability scanner that probes for common weaknesses, including prompt injection and data leakage.
- AEGIS, is a content safety evaluation dataset and LLM based content safety classifier model, that adheres to a broad taxonomy of 13 categories of critical risks in human-LLM interactions.
- Human Content Red Teaming leveraging human interaction and evaluation of the models' responses.
Inference
Engine: Tensor(RT)
Test Hardware H100-80GB
Ethical Considerations
NVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications. When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse.
Please report security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns here.
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