{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "golden", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "gold-themed initiatives", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "February 7, 2016", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "American Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "gold-themed initiatives", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "February 7, 2016", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "Arabic", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "50th Super Bowl", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "February 7, 2016", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "February 7, 2016", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "February 7, 2016", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "Denver Broncos", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "American Football Conference", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam Newton", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "eight", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": "Cam Newton", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": "Cam Newton", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "Super Bowl XLIX", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "New England Patriots a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "four", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP)", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "four", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "New England Patriots", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam Newton", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "Arizona Cardinals", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "15\u20131", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "Super Bowl XLIX", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "Super Bowl XLIX", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "Cam Newton", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "1995", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "linebacker Von Miller", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "two", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "The Broncos", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Newton", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": "seven", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "linebacker Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "three", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "two", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Von Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "linebacker", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "two", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "five", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "three", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "fumble", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "linebacker", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "three", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": "five", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "CBS", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "$5 million", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "Bruno Mars", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "$5 million", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "Bruno Mars", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "CBS", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": "$5 million", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": "Bruno Mars", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": "third", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": "$5 million", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": "British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946eda": "Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edb": "Bruno Mars", "56d602631c85041400946edc": "Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "$5 million", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "Roger Goodell", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "NFL Commissioner", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "2012", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "early 2012", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "Roger Goodell", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "NFL Commissioner", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "Roger Goodell", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "2012", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "Levi's Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": "Sun Life Stadium", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "October 16, 2012", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "San Francisco Bay Area last hosted in 1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "1985", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "1985", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "October 16, 2012", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "Stanford Stadium", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "May 3, 2013", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "1985", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "10", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "San Francisco Bay Area last hosted in 1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "two", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "Levi's Stadium", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "1985", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "San Francisco Bay Area last hosted in 1985 (Super Bowl XIX", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "October 16, 2012", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "10", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "Florida", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "May 21, 2013", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": "Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "2014", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "$1.2 billion", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "San Francisco Bay", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985, and the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "May 21, 2013", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "$1.2 billion", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "XIX", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "2014", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "2014", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "$1.2 billion", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "May 21, 2013", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "2014", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "spring meetings in Boston", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "$1.2 billion", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "1985", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "six", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "six", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": "Denver Broncos", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": "John Fox", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": "John Fox", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": "eight", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": "six", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "XLVIII", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "six", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "Super Bowl", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "Super Bowl", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "John Fox", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "John Fox in their last Super Bowl appearance", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "six", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "one", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "four", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "John Fox", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "DeAngelo Williams", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "at least", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "New Orleans Saints and the 2011 Green Bay Packers", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": "1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": "2009", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": "2009 New Orleans Saints and the 2011", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": "top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": "DeAngelo Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": "1978", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "eight", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "Carolina Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "1978", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "NFC", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "Ten", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "45", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "10", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": "27", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "Greg Olsen", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards and rushing for 636", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "99", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "77", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "rookie Devin Funchess", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "offense", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "Cam Newton", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "3,837", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "636", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "989 rushing yards and six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "500", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "636", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "636", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "99.4", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "39", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "308", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "11", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "118", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": "cornerback", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": "Kony Ealy", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": "24", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": "308", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": "308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": "four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "four", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "Mario Addison added 6\u00bd sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "Kawann", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "seven", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "John Fox", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "Brock Osweiler", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": "Indianapolis Colts", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": "Osweiler", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "Wade Phillips", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "four", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Gary Kubiak", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "quarterback", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "39", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "10", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "Gary Kubiak", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": "Wade Phillips", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": "fasciitis injury in his heel", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "39", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "39", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "John Fox", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "Indianapolis Colts in 1998", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "John Fox", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "Osweiler", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "Wade Phillips", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "low 67.9", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "67.9 passer rating", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "Thomas", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "Ronnie Hillman", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "1,967 yards", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "67.9", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "2,249", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "six", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "Thomas", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "Veteran receiver", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "67.9", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "67", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": "five", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": "low 67.9", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": "17", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": "J. Anderson", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": "183", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "4,530", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "11", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Brandon Marshall", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three interceptions", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "Linebacker", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "Linebacker", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "Defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each had 5\u00bd sacks", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "4,530", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Von Miller", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "three", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Linebacker DeMarcus", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "Brandon Marshall led the team in total tackles", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": "Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": "Seattle Seahawks", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "49\u201315, racking up 487", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "49\u201315", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "Seattle Seahawks", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "49\u201315", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "beat the Seattle Seahawks", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "49\u201315, racking up 487 yards", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "seven", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "49\u201315, racking up 487 yards", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "the Seattle Seahawks", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "487 yards", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "The Broncos", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "11 points", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "20\u201318, by intercepting a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt with 17 seconds", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u201316", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "11 points", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "The Broncos", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "17", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "two playoff games.", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "17", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Thomas Davis", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "Carolina", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "three", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "11", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "Carolina", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "ACL tears in his career, went down with a broken arm", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "11", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "NFC Championship", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "three", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "Carolina", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "11", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "Thomas Davis", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": "John Elway", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "39", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "Denver's Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "John Elway, who led the Broncos", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "39", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "John Elway", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "two", "56d704430d65d214001982de": "two", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "John Elway", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "John Elway, who led the Broncos", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "Peyton Manning", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": "39", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "John Elway", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "39, Newton was 26", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "Newton", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "quarterbacks at 13 years and 48 days", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "two", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "two", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "Newton", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "2011", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "13 years", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "Kubiak replacing Elway at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "head coaches", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "Elway", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "Elway", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "head coaches", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX, and Kubiak replacing Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "Ed Mangan", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore Ravens kicker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "Baltimore Ravens kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "Baltimore Ravens kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "high enough quality to host a Super Bowl", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "Concerns were raised over whether Levi's Stadium's field was of a high enough quality to host a Super Bowl", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "cleats", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "Super Bowl games played at natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "Super Bowl XXI", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "white", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "Elway's last game as Denver QB", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "white", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "white jerseys", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "blue jerseys, which was their primary color at the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "matching white jerseys", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "white", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "blue jerseys", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "blue jerseys", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "San Jose Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "Stanford", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "Santa Clara", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": "San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": "San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": "San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": "San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": "San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": "San Jose Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": "San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": "San Jose Marriott", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": "San Jose Marriott", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": "June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Super Bowl games with Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": "Jaime Weston", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "Super Bowl XLV", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "Arabic", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Super Bowl V", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "silver", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "June 4, 2014", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Arabic", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "colored in gold, behind the Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "June 4, 2014", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Arabic", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Arabic", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season to tie into the \"Golden Super Bowl\"; gold-tinted logos", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "7", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "50", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "colored gold", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "colored gold", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "homecoming", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "Gold footballs", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "50-yard line", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "Golden Super Bowl", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "Ed Lee", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "Jane", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "January 30", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "1 million", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "Ed Lee", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "Moscone Center in San Francisco. In addition, \"Super Bowl City\" opened on January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "Moscone Center in San Francisco", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "Embarcadero", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "Ed Lee", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Embarcadero", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "30", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "San Francisco city supervisor", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "$5 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "San Francisco", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": "Santa Clara University", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "$2 million", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "week", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "$2 million", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "pep", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "Bellomy Field", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": "city council", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "city council", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "$2 million", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": "city council", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "February 1, 2016", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "February 1, 2016", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "San Jose. Alongside the traditional media availabilities", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "San Jose", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "the Golden Gate Bridge", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "February 1, 2016", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "February 1, 2016", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "San Jose", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "the Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "February 1, 2016", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "Tuesday", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "Tuesday", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "SAP Center in San Jose", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "February 1, 2016", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Super Bowl", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "$40 million", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "The host committee has already raised over $40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Host Committee", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "over $40 million", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "over $40 million", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "The host committee", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Super Bowl program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "$40 million", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "25 percent", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "Super Bowl 50", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "50", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "investment and sustainable environments", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "the 50 fund", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "50", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "providing grants to aid", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "25 percent", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "community investment and sustainable environments", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "18", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "18-karat gold-plated \"50\"", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "Vince Lombardi", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Tiffany & Co", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "Tiffany & Co", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "Tracy Wolfson", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "36", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "three", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "Evan Washburn", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "pylon", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "5K", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "sidelines", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "three", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "XXXV", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "pylon cameras", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "Evan Washburn", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "5K", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "XXXV", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "Super Bowl", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "Raul Allegre, and sideline reporter John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre, and sideline reporter John Sutcliffe", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "December 28, 2015", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "NBC", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "ESPN Deportes", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John Sutcliffe", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "NBC", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "NBC and Fox", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "John Sutcliffe", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless customers via the NFL Mobile", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "digital streams of the game via CBSSports", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": "via CBSSports.com, and the CBS Sports apps on tablets", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "smartphones", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": "CBS provided digital streams of the game via CBSSports", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "Verizon", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "Verizon", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through WatchESPN", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "digital streams", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "Verizon", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "WatchESPN", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": "Stephen Colbert", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "James Corden", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": "Stephen Colbert", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "James Corden", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "James Corden", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "Doritos", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": "20th", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": "$5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "Doritos", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "Doritos ads", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "Pok\u00e9mon", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "Pok\u00e9mon", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "Pok\u00e9mon", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "Pok\u00e9mon", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "Doritos", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "Pok\u00e9mon", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "Doritos, a longtime sponsor of the game", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "Small Business Big Game\" contest, in which Death Wish Coffee", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "30", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "QuickBooks", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "Coffee", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee beat out nine", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "Coffee", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "Coffee", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "Jason Bourne", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "Jason Bourne and Disney paid for Captain America: Civil War", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Jason Bourne", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "Apocalypse", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Walt Disney Studios", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "Jason Bourne", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "Jason Bourne", "56d723560d65d214001983af": "Jason Bourne", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Walt Disney Studios", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "Walt Disney Studios", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "Walt Disney Studios", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "Westwood One will carry the game", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin Harlan", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters. Jim Gray", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "Jim Gray", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "James Lofton and Mark Malone", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Westwood", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin Harlan", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Jim Gray", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "James Lofton and Mark Malone", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "Kevin Harlan", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "North America", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "KOA (850 AM) and KRFX", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "KOA", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "FM", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "North Carolina", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983be": "Dave Logan", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "Jim Szoke", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "WBT", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "Dave Logan", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "KOA (850 AM) and KRFX", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "WBT-FM", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "the United Kingdom, BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Darren Fletcher", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "BBC", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Greg Brady", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "Bart Starr", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "2001", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": "Peyton Manning (MVP of Super Bowl XLI", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "43", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Peyton Manning (MVP of Super Bowl XLI and current Broncos", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "Super Bowl XII", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "43", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "39", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "Bart Starr", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "50th Super Bowl, the pregame ceremony featured the on-field introduction of 39 of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players. Bart Starr", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Six", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "national anthem", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "American Sign Language", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "American Sign Language", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Lady Gaga", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Marlee Matlin provided American", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Lady Gaga", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Marlee Matlin", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "December 3, the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Coldplay. On January 7, 2016", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British rock group", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show, and Mark Ronson", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "\"Hymn for the Weekend\"", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "Mark Ronson", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": "Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show, and Mark Ronson", "56d725790d65d214001983da": "Pepsi", "56d725790d65d214001983db": "Hymn for the Weekend", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": "Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show, and Mark Ronson", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": "Pepsi", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "the single \"Hymn", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": "Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show, and Mark Ronson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "Denver", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Owen Daniels", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "Ronnie Hillman", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Ronnie Hillman", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "J. Anderson", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "20", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "linebacker Shaq Thompson", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Ronnie Hillman", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "linebacker Shaq Thompson tackled Ronnie Hillman", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "Peyton Manning", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Andre Caldwell", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "J. Anderson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "linebacker Shaq Thompson", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "a deficit", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": "a 24-yard", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "Malik Jackson", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": "Malik Jackson", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": "Super Bowl XXVIII", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": "Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "CBS analyst and retired referee Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "Von Miller", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "Von Miller", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "1993", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "referee Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": "Malik Jackson", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "1993", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan Stewart", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Jordan Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "28", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "28", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "13", "56d729180d65d21400198426": "51", "56d729180d65d21400198427": "Jonathan Stewart", "56d729180d65d21400198428": "28", "56d729180d65d21400198429": "Norwood", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "25 yards", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "Jordan Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "10\u20137", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "Darian Stewart", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "linebacker", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "Kony Ealy", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "DeMarcus", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "DeMarcus", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "Mike Tolbert", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "Kony Ealy", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "19", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "Mike Tolbert lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "Mike Tolbert", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "Darian Stewart, which linebacker Danny Trevathan", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "Kony Ealy", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "39-yard line with 1:55", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "DeMarcus", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": "Ted Ginn Jr", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "miss, Manning", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": "22", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": "Broncos", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": "J. Ward", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": "Ted Ginn Jr", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": "uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "J. Ward", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "J. Ward. Ward fumbled the ball during the return, but Trevathan", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Corey Brown", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "26-yard line", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "Gano", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "miss, Manning completed a pair of passes to Emmanuel Sanders for gains of 25 and 22 yards, setting up McManus", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": "Carolina", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": "39", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": "Devin Funchess", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": "Devin Funchess", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": "41", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": "Ea", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": "he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": "punts", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": "Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": "41", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "39-yard field goal, cutting the Panthers deficit to one", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "39-yard field goal, cutting the Panthers deficit to one", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "24", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "Newton", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "Bennie Fowler", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": "Miller", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "Ward", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "Newton", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "Josh Norman", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "3:08", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": "mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9. On the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "dove", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "three", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "Josh Norman gave the Broncos a new set of downs. Then Anderson", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "five", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "13 of 23", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "Thomas Davis had seven, despite playing just two weeks after breaking his right arm in the NFC", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "18 of 41", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "13", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "13 of 23", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "Anderson", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "Thomas Davis had seven", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "six receptions for 83 yards. Anderson", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "rush", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "11", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "18", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "four", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "315", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "11", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": "Baltimore Ravens", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": "Jordan Norwood", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "Newton", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "315", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "11", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "Jordan Norwood", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "head coach", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "315 to 194) and first downs (21 to 11). Their 194 yards and 11", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "seven", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "50", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "Sk\u0142odowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "1745", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szpilman and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin. Though Chopin was born in the village of \u017belazowa Wola", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven months", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "100", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "royal garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "east end of the park", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "\u0141azienki Park", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "15 kilometres (9 miles", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "otter", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "several", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "to clean them of plants and sediments", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "Demographically, it was the most diverse city", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "1,178,914", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "34%", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jewish", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "internal migration and urbanisation", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "Warsaw University of Technology", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "Warsaw", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "Poland", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "two million", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "architects Marek Budzy\u0144ski and Zbigniew Badowski and opened on 15 December 1999. It is surrounded by green", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "Irena Bajerska", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "5,111 m2", "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure", "573399b54776f41900660e65": "Poland (especially Warsaw)", "573399b54776f41900660e66": "solid economic growth", "573399b54776f41900660e67": "improved markedly", "57339a554776f41900660e74": "Poland", "57339a554776f41900660e75": "active research and education center", "57339a554776f41900660e76": "Maria Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Institute of Oncology", "57339a554776f41900660e77": "700", "57339a554776f41900660e78": "an outpatient clinic. The infrastructure has developed a lot over the past years", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "Polish National Opera", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "many events and festivals", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "Palace of Culture and Science", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "Warsaw Summer Jazz Days", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "Jamboree", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Leon Schiller's musical theatre Melodram", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "Melodram. The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "Midsummer\u2019s Night", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "Midsummer\u2019s Night", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "herbs on the water to predict when they would be married", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "fern", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "boasting one of the largest collections of art", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "60", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "Posters boasting one of the largest collections of art posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "Posters", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "arms", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "Katy\u0144 Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic theatre", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "Fotoplastikon", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "about 500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "Warsaw", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "2011", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "country\u2019s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well. Polonia", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "1946", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "twice", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "because of their disastrous financial situation", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "mermaid", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "since at least the mid-14th century", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "1390", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "Zygmunt Laukowski", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "best-known legend", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "depths of the oceans and seas", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "the coast of Denmark", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "beautiful voice", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "1916", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "the Art Deco style", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "Israeli poet", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Isaac Bashevis", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "the Economist Intelligence Unit", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "2012", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "FMCG manufacturing", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "Stock Exchange is one of the largest and most important in Central and Eastern Europe. Frontex", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Polish capital city", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "1596. After the Third Partition of Poland in 1795", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "Sigismund III Vasa", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "because it has survived many wars", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "Roman Catholic", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "Sigismund's Column", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "luxurious parks and royal gardens", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5721": "belonging to Warsz", "57332442d058e614000b5722": "Polish warszawiak", "57332442d058e614000b5723": "spelled Warszewa and Warszowa", "57332442d058e614000b5724": "sto\u0142eczne Warszawa", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "Jazd\u00f3w", "57332562d058e614000b5731": "Prince of P\u0142ock", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "1300", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "1413", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", "5733266d4776f41900660712": "General Sejm", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1569", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "religious freedom", "5733266d4776f41900660715": "Vilnius", "5733266d4776f41900660716": "1596", "57332a734776f41900660726": "until 1796", "57332a734776f41900660727": "Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon's army", "57332a734776f41900660729": "1815", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "4 August 1915", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "Russia", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "Warsaw the capital", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "Red Army", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "1 September 1939", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "German Nazi colonial administration", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "several hundred thousand", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "19 April 1943", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "almost a month", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "Red Army", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "AK) to try to seize control of Warsaw from the Germans", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "1 August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "63", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "150,000 and 200,000", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "Warsaw\" campaign", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "the housing shortage", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "an Eastern Bloc city", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "Palace of Culture and Science", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO", "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul II", "573330444776f41900660759": "the budding solidarity movement and encouraged the growing anti-communist fervor", "573330444776f4190066075a": "less than a year", "573330444776f4190066075b": "in Victory Square", "573330444776f4190066075c": "the democratic changes", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "300", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "325", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "Vistula River", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "8 ft)", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "height 75.6 metres (248.0 ft)", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "two", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "moraine plateau", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "The Vistula River", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "Warsaw Escarpment", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "plain moraine plateau", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "old \u2013 river", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "Vistula terraces", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "peat swamps or small ponds", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "pine forest", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "turbulent history of the city and country", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "Second World War, Warsaw was razed to the ground by bombing raids and planned destruction", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "After liberation", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "liberation", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "Leopold Kronenberg Palace", "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic", "573361404776f4190066093d": "14th century", "573361404776f4190066093e": "so-called Masovian gothic style", "573361404776f4190066093f": "Renaissance", "573361404776f41900660940": "Curia Maior", "573362b94776f41900660974": "17th century", "573362b94776f41900660975": "1688", "573362b94776f41900660976": "rococo", "573362b94776f41900660977": "great", "573362b94776f41900660978": "1775\u20131795", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "the bourgeois architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "bourgeois architecture", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "the Praga district", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "distinctive buildings", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609af": "Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "Warsaw. Pawiak", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "Wincenty Ku\u0107ma", "573368044776f41900660a29": "green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden", "573368044776f41900660a2a": "New Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2b": "northern Mokot\u00f3w", "573368044776f41900660a2c": "Ujazdowski", "573368044776f41900660a2d": "1865\u20131871 and designed by Jan Dobrowolski. In 1927", "573368e54776f41900660a53": "richness", "573368e54776f41900660a54": "Masovian Primeval Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve", "573368e54776f41900660a55": "Masovian Primeval Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve", "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Kabaty Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": "two", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "1,300,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "300,000", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "better only because they lived in the capital", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "residency registration anymore", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "multi-cultural city", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "711,988", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "56.2%", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8%", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "1944", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "commune", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "powiats", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "unicameral Warsaw City Council", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "every four years", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "President", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1695", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "Jan Andrzej Menich (1695\u20131696). Between 1975 and 1990 the Warsaw Presidents was simultaneously the Warsaw Voivode", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "district Centrum", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "\u015ar\u00f3dmie\u015bcie", "573382d24776f41900660c38": "304,016", "573382d24776f41900660c39": "emerging market", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "12%", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "191.766 billion", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "April 1991", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "WSE", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "1817", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "374", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "Polish United Workers' Party", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "South Korean car manufacturer Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Daewoo", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "AvtoZAZ", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "FSO 125p when the license expired) and the Polonez", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "Wars", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Vistula River", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "Vistula River", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "2.666 million", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "9th", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "Vistula River", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "300 kilometres", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "2.666 million", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "9th", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "France", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "10th and 11th centuries", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "Norman\" comes from \"Norseman", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "Rollo", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "10th century", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "William the Conqueror", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard I", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "Catholic orthodoxy", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "Normans", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "Medieval Latin, 9th century", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "911", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "King Charles III of West Francia and the famed Viking ruler Rollo, and was situated in the former Frankish kingdom of Neustria", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Normandy", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "Rollo", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "Christianity", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "north", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "fighting horsemen", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "Saracen", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Norman pilgrims to the shrine of the Archangel Michael", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "Monte Gargano", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "Drogo", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "William Iron Arm", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "Robert Guiscard", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "1130", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "Squillace", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "king Roger II of Sicily, and entitled \"Kitab Rudjdjar", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "Sicily", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "Jews", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "Pechenegs", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "1050s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "1060s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "Robert Crispin led the Normans of Edessa", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Afranji", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "Syria", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "Sassoun and Taron", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Norman mercenary", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Robert Guiscard", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "30,000", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "Deabolis", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "Bohemond", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "the river Deabolis", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Adriatic", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "Byzantine officials. Some time later, Dyrrachium\u2014one of the most important naval bases of the Adriatic", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Duke Richard II of Normandy, and King Ethelred II of England", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "Duke Richard II of Normandy, and King Ethelred II of England", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "1041", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Ralph the Timid earl of Hereford", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "1066", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "Anglo-Saxons as the ruling class of England", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "Geoffrey Chaucer", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "1169", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Bannow Bay", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "distinct culture and ethnicity", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "King Malcolm III of Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "King Malcolm III of Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "1072", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "Duncan", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Sybilla of Normandy", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Norman culture", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "earl of Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Hereford", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "Bernard de Neufmarch\u00e9", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "1064", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William of Montreuil led the papal army and took a huge booty", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "1097", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "Tancred", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "Jerusalem", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "380 years", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "the Lion-hearted left Messina", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "Berengaria", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "1191", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "Richard the Lion", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Conrad of Montferrat", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "silver", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Guy de Lusignan", "56de41504396321400ee2714": "King Sancho VI", "56de41504396321400ee2715": "12 May 1191", "56de41504396321400ee2716": "Richard caused himself to be crowned King of Cyprus", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "1489", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "the Knights Templar", "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Atlantic coast of Africa", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Bethencourt", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Jean's nephew Maciot de Bethencourt", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "Channel Islands", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "England and Italy", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded arches", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Arab architecture", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Arab architecture", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "early 11th century", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "dukes as a unifying force for their disparate duchy", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "16th century", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "Norman art", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "the Bayeux Tapestry", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "Odo", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "Palermo", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "11th", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "William of Volpiano and John of Ravenna", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "southern Italy", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "Latin monastery", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "the tradition of singing", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "1943", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "Cyrillic", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "10 July 1856", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": "1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "Nikola Tesla (Serbian Cyrillic", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": "electricity supply system", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": "1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "George Westinghouse", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "corporate alternating current/direct current \"War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "Thomas Edison", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "New York City", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": "George Westinghouse", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": "George Westing", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "1893", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "Colorado Springs", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "New York and Colorado Springs", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "Colorado Springs", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "1893", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "wireless controlled boat", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "intercontinental wireless transmission, his unfinished Wardenclyffe Tower", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "1960", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "SI unit of magnetic flux density", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "New York hotels", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "showmanship", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "relative obscurity after his death, but in 1960 the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "1960", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "SI unit of magnetic flux density", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "1990s", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "show", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "Serbian Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, \u0110uka Tesla (n\u00e9e Mandi\u0107), whose father was also an Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "Serbian Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, \u0110uka Tesla (n\u00e9e Mandi\u0107", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "genetics", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "western Serbia, near Montenegro", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "five", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "German", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "1862", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "Dane", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "Milka, Angelina and Marica", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "horse-riding accident", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "Tesla", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "Austrian Empire, where Tesla's father worked as a pastor. Nikola completed \"Lower", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": "calculus", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "cheating", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "Higher Real Gymnasium", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": "German", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "cholera", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "nine months", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "despair", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "despair, promised to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness (his father had originally wanted him to enter the priesthood", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "Smiljan", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "nine months", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "bedridden for nine months and was near death multiple times. Tesla's father, in a moment of despair", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "despair", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "Smiljan", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "the mountains in hunter's garb", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": "Gra\u010dac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "stronger", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "Gra\u010dac", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "Tomingaj", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "Austrian Polytechnic", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "1879", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "Professor Poeschl", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "Austrian", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "Tesla", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "1875", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "1879", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "third year, Tesla gambled away his allowance", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "warning that unless he were removed from the school, Tesla would be killed through overwork", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "Milutin", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "to hide the fact that he dropped out of school. His friends thought that he had drowned in the Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "Maribor (now in Slovenia), where he worked as a draftsman", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "Maribor to beg", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "Maribor", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "December 1878", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "Tesla", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "Maribor", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "Slovenia", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "Maribor", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "having a residence permit", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": "24 March 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": "60", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "a stroke", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": "Milutin Tesla died at the age of 60", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "not having a residence permit", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "24 March 1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "old school", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "Milutin", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "Prague", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "Charles-Ferdinand University", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "lectures at the university, although, as an auditor, he did not receive grades for the courses", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "university", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "Prague", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "January 1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "lectures at the university", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "uncles", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": "Budapest", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s at a telegraph", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "chief electrician position", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "a telephone repeater or amplifier", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": "chief electrician position", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "1881", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": "Ferenc Pusk\u00e1s", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": "Budapest", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": "chief electrician", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": "1882", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "France", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "New York City:57\u201360", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "Thomas Edison", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "France", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "Thomas Edison", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "Manhattan", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "$18 per week salary", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "US$10 a week raise over Tesla's US$18 per week salary", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "$18 per week salary", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "joking", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "US$10 a week raise over Tesla's US$18 per week", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail, who agreed to finance an electric lighting company", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "Tesla", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla and also had designs for dynamo electric machine commutators", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": "Benjamin Vail", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "penniless", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "per day", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "1887", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "penniless", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "$2", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger for $2 per day", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "Charles F. Peck", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "April 1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "Tesla Electric Company with an agreement that profits from generated patents", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "Liberty Street in Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "Charles F. Peck", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "Alfred S. Brown", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "Manhattan", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "an induction motor", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "1882). This innovative electric motor, patented in May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "a commutator", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "high maintenance of constantly servicing and replacing mechanical brushes", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "simple self-starting design that did not need a commutator", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "1882", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "high-voltage transmission", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "mechanical brushes", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "May 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "Tesla", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "Electrical Engineers", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "George Westinghouse that Tesla", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "Thomas Commerford Martin", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "Westinghouse", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "Italian physicist", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "George Westinghouse that Tesla", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "$2,000", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "Westinghouse", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "$2,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "July 1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "$2,000", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "Pittsburgh", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "60", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "DC traction", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "streetcars", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "DC traction motor", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "Thomas Edison", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "competition between rival lighting systems", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "Thomas", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "Thomas Edison was no longer in control of his own company", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "Westinghouse", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "Edison", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": "Edison Machine Works", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "Thomas", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "George Westinghouse", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "George Westinghouse", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "General Electric", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "Polyphase System\", Tesla demonstrated a series of electrical effects previously performed throughout America and Europe", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "76", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "George Westinghouse won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "Chicago", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "1893", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "electrical exhibits. It was a key event in the history of AC", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "General Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "General Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "Richard Dean Adams", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "1893", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "high-voltage DC", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "most reliable", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "1896", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "$216,000", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "$2.50 per AC horsepower", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "$200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "financier J. P. Morgan", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "$200,000", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "$216,000", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "35", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "South Fifth Avenue", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "electric lamps wirelessly at both locations", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "the Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "30 July 1891", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": "the Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": "35", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "wireless power transmission. In the same year, he patented the Tesla coil", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "American Institute of Electrical Engineers", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "1892", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "vice president", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "1894", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "Radio Engineers) of the modern-day", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "radiant", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "5th Avenue laboratory fire", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "December 1895", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "Tesla", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "radiant energy of \"invisible\" kinds after he had noticed damaged film", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "ray", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "Mark Twain", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "Wilhelm R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "March 1896", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "Tesla Coil", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "X-rays", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "March 1896", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "X-ray imaging", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "Tesla", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "nitrous acid", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "the Roentgen rays", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "X-rays were longitudinal waves", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "his circuit", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "force-free magnetic fields", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "Roentgen rays", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": "longitudinal waves", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "X-rays", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "Roentgen rays", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "Benjamin Lamme", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "1893", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "Benjamin Lamme", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": "Egg of Columbus", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "copper", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "11 July 1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "cathode", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "sharp stinging pain", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "bits", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "National Electric Light Association", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "the Tesla Coil", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "Franklin Institute", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "teleautomaton", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "Madison Square Garden", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "Madison Square Garden", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "a trained monkey", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "1900", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "Guglielmo Marconi", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "1904. In 1943", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "1943", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "Marconi in 1904. In 1943, a Supreme Court of the United States decision restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "Colorado Springs", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "17 May 1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "five inches", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "atmospheric", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "lightning", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "resonant frequency", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "lightning", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "15 miles", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "Light", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "metal shoes", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "experimenting, Tesla inadvertently faulted a power station generator", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "Tesla inadvertently faulted a power station generator", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "power outage", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "destroy the insulation!", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "Mars", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "Collier's Weekly", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "the Red Cross Society", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "July 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": "$100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "Tesla", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "$100,000", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "1899", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "7 January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "Tesla left Colorado Springs", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "7 January 1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "Tesla left Colorado Springs", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "Wardenclyffe near Shoreham, Long Island", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "Shoreham", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "Shoreham", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "fruitless", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "fruitless", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "Tesla", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "50", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "to complete the construction of Wardenclyffe", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "Marconi", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "187 feet", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "100\u20135,000", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "100\u20135,000 hp", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "50th birthday in 1906", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "200 horsepower (150 kilowatts", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "steam", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "Houston Street lab", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "mechanical oscillators", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "Nikola Tesla, Dreamer", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "Nikola Tesla, Dreamer\" by Allan L. Benson", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "stimulating electromagnetic field or 'bath", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "saturating them unconsciously with electricity", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "superintendent of New York City schools, William H. Maxwell", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "William H", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "Wardenclyffe", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "World War I", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "$20,000", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "Edison Medal", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "Experimenter Tesla postulated that electricity could be used to locate submarines via using the reflection of an \"electric ray", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "a fluorescent screen", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "modern radar", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": "\u00c9mile Girardeau", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "245", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "245", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "$20,000 prize money.:245", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "Tesla", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "1937", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "1,655", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "Tesla", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "$1,000", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "tiltrotor/tilt-wing concept as well as the earliest proposal for the use of turbine engines in rotor aircraft", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "$125", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "$125 per month", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "Electric & Manufacturing Company began paying Tesla $125 per month as well as paying his rent at the Hotel New Yorker", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "mechanical energy", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "minimal loss over any terrestrial distance", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "over any terrestrial distance", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "mineral deposits", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "bedridden", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "doctor", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "Tesla's back", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "1938", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "1937", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "teleforce", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "Van de Graaff generator", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "infantry", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "anti-aircraft purposes", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "Van de Graaff generator", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "Tesla", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "small tungsten pellets that are accelerated via high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "high voltage", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "little", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Belgrade", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "archive", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "all war", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "blueprint for the teleforce weapon", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "teleforce weapon was all in his mind", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "scrutinized, but the thieves", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "7 January 1943", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "maid Alice Monaghan", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "coronary thrombosis", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "coronary thrombosis", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "FBI ordered the Alien Property Custodian", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "Trump", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "unfriendly hands", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "Tesla", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": "Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "Louis Adamic", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": "12 January", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": "two thousand", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": "Tesla", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "Sava Kosanovi\u0107", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "Charlotte Muzar", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "Belgrade", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "1957, Kosanovi\u0107's secretary Charlotte Muzar transported Tesla's ashes from the United States to Belgrade", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "300", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "26", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "lain hidden in patent archives", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "Delmonico's restaurant and later the Waldorf-Astoria", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": "6:00 p.m. or later, with dinner from exactly 8:10 p.m., at Delmonico's restaurant", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "every day from 9:00", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "headwaiter", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "10 miles", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "8 to 10 miles per day", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "every night, saying that it stimulated his brain cells", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": "his brain cells", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "telepathy", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "Arthur Brisbane, Tesla", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "one", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "pigeons", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "$2,000", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "white pigeon daily", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "park", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "nurse", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "142 pounds", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": "6 feet 2 inches", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "6 feet 2 inches", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "New York City", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "282", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "33", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "33", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "photographic", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "more than 48 hours", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "84 hours without sleep", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "Graz", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "Swezey", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "Tesla rarely slept", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "chastity was very helpful to his scientific abilities.:33", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "chastity", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "33", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy Skerrit", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "Robert Underwood Johnson", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "a poet", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "Sylvester Viereck", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "middle age", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "1920s", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": "disgust for overweight people, such as when he fired a secretary because of her weight.:110 He was quick to criticize clothing", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": "secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "her weight", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "secretary", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "smaller", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "an electron creating an electric charge", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "electrical energy", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "19th", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "Einstein", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "247", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "relativity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": "age 81", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": "1892", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "curved", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "81", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "eugenics", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "pity", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "pity", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "1937", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "Queen Bees", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "1926", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "Queen Bees", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "a post-World War I environment", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Science and Discovery", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "the League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "Orthodox Christian", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "Orthodox", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "Christianity", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "Tesla", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "Tesla", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "Tesla", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "a number of books and articles for magazines and journals", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": "Ben Johnston", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": "Ben Johnston", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": "Nikola", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": "1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "Human Energy", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": "science", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": "science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "several", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": "75th birthday", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "75th birthday", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "Albert Einstein", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "more than 70", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "a branch", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "mechanical application of mathematical steps", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "significant resources", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "the practical limits on what computers", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "related", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "complexity theory is that the former is devoted to analyzing the amount of resources", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "restricted resources", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "the output corresponding to the given input", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "a problem", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "utterance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "the solution", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "corresponding to the given input", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "2000", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "little use for solving other instances of the problem, such as asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "10 km", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "binary", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "binary", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "adjacency lists in binary", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "adjacency matrices", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "complexity theory", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "yes or no, or alternately either 1 or 0", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "yes", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "yes", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "arbitrary", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "formal language", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "all connected graphs\u2014of course, to obtain a precise definition of this language, one has to decide how graphs are encoded as binary strings", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "computational problem where a single output", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "more complex", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "integer factorization", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "integer factorization", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "more complex than that of a decision problem, that is, it isn't just yes or no. Notable examples include the traveling salesman", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "recast as decision problems", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "triples", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "a function of the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "the running time", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "as a function", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "bits", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "how algorithms scale with an increase in the input size", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "the input size is n, the time taken can be expressed as a function of n. Since the time taken on different inputs", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "over all inputs of size", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "the worst-case time complexity T", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "Cobham", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "A Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "an algorithm", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "computation, the Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "general computing machine. It is a theoretical device that manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape. Turing machines are not intended as a practical computing technology", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "deterministic Turing machine", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "A probabilistic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "randomized algorithms", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "many possible computational paths at each step", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "non-deterministic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "complexity", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "all equally powerful in principle, but when resources", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "deterministic Turing machines, probabilistic Turing machines, non-deterministic Turing machines, quantum Turing machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "random access machines", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "multi-tape Turing machines have been proposed in the literature", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "memory", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "deterministically", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "once", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "unusual resources", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "very important resource in analyzing computational problems", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "analyzing computational problems.", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "yes", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "one defines sets of problems based on some criteria", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "time and space", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "time and space", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "computational resource. Complexity measures are very generally defined by the Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "computational resource. Complexity measures are very generally defined by the Blum complexity axioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "best, worst and average", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "best, worst and average", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "different inputs of the same size", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "complexity", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "reverse order", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "input", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "input", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "most efficient algorithm solving a given problem", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "complexity of an algorithm is usually taken to be its worst-case complexity", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "lower bound of T", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under the field of analysis of algorithms", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "all possible algorithms\" includes not just the algorithms known today", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "big O notation", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "one would write T(n) = O(n2", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "O(n2).", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "independent of the specific details of the computational model used. For instance, if T(n) = 7n2 + 15n + 40", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "classes", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "framework", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "complicated definitions", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "quadratic", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "multi-tape", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "Cobham-Edmonds", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "FP", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "Many important complexity classes", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "Many important complexity classes", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "BPP, ZPP and RP", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "BPP, ZPP and RP", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum Turing machines", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "decision problems). Classes like IP and AM are defined using Interactive proof systems", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "Interactive proof systems. ALL is the class of all decision problems", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "DTIME", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "contained in DTIME(n2", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "hierarchy", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "space", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "increase", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes. For instance, the time hierarchy theorem", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in PSPACE", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "a reduction", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "a transformation of one problem into another problem. It captures the informal notion of a problem being at least as difficult", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions, and the bound on the complexity of reductions, such as polynomial-time reductions or log-space reductions", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions, and the bound on the complexity of reductions, such as polynomial-time reductions or log-space reductions", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "Cook reductions, Karp reductions and Levin reductions, and the bound on the complexity of reductions, such as polynomial-time reductions or log-space reductions", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial-time", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "squaring", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "a polynomial-time", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "reduced", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "multiplication", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "type of reduction", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "polynomial-time", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "harder", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "complexity class. A problem X", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "C", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "\u03a02", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "no known polynomial-time", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "\u03a02, to another problem, \u03a01, would indicate that there is no known polynomial-time solution for \u03a01", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis. The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis. The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis. The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "complexity", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "formal proofs of pure mathematics theorems. The P versus NP problem is one of the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "one of the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "Ladner", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "NP-intermediate problems", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "graph isomorphism", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "isomorphism", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "at least not NP-complete", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "isomorphism is NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "second", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "isomorphic", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "integer factorization problem is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "prime factorization of a given integer", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "less than k. No efficient integer factorization algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "RSA", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "P = PSPACE. If P is not equal to NP, then P is not equal to PSPACE", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "unequal", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "breakthrough in complexity theory", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "P and PSPACE", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "yes/no answers reversed", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "reversed", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "the class containing the complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": "if L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P.", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "NL and NC, and it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "logarithmic space", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "NL and NC", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "NL and NC", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "intractable", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "complexity", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "those that are EXPTIME-hard", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "arithmetic has been shown not to be in P, yet algorithms", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "NP-complete knapsack", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "over a wide range of sizes", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "the NP-complete Boolean satisfiability", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "flexible simplification of a computer", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "Alan Turing in 1936, which turned out to be a very robust and flexible simplification of a computer", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "Fortnow & Homer", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "Boris Trakhtenbrot", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "input encoding, one tries to keep the discussion abstract enough to be independent of the choice of encoding", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "different representations can be transformed into each other", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "Manuel Blum", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "speed-up theorem", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems\"", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "21", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "a university or college", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "providing a course of study which is called the curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "formal and ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": "cultures", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "numeracy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": "the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": "Teachers", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "teacher", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "knowledge or skills in the wider community setting", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "formal", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "transient", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a family member, or by anyone with knowledge or skills in the wider community setting", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "gurus, mullahs", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": "Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors/youth pastors and lamas", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "accountants", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "homeschooling", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "lawyers, engineers, and accountants (Chartered or CPA", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "school functions", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "student discipline", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "teachers", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "world many governments operate teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "to serve and protect the public interest through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the teaching profession", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "the world many governments operate teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "the world many governments", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "public interest", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "peoples", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "complaints involving members", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "teachers in publicly funded schools", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "education programs", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "teachers in publicly funded schools must be members in good standing with the college, and private schools may also require their teachers to be college peoples", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": "education", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "education, teachers facilitate student learning", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": "education, teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "outdoors", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/or thinking skills", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "shape", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "pedagogy", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": "A teacher may follow standardized curricula as determined by the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "the relevant authority", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "different abilities and students with learning disabilities", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": "standardized curricula", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "pedagogic diversity", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "teacher", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "pedagogic diversity of his/her students and differentiates", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "timid", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "\"The real bulk of learning takes place in self-study and problem solving with a lot of feedback around that loop", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "teachers and children", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "specialist teacher and surrogate", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "different subject specialists", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "specialist teacher and surrogate", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "specialist teacher and surrogate", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "teachers", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "\" system", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "one area than a teacher who teaches many subjects", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "United States", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "Co-teaching has also become a new trend amongst educational institutions", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "social networking support", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "social networking", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "corporal punishment. While a child was in school", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "parental discipline open to them", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "discipline", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "substitute", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "spanking", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "past times", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "spanking", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "past times, corporal punishment (spanking or paddling or caning or strapping or birching the student in order to cause physical pain", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "30", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "South", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "corporal punishment", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "privately in the principal's office", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "corporal punishment, often by caning", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "African and Caribbean", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "Asian, African and Caribbean countries", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "detention is one of the most common punishments in schools in the United States", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "school", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "Saturday", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "Saturday", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "assertive", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "fair punishment", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "inappropriate behavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "inappropriate behavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "sarcasm", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "teachers and parents", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "Asia", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "stem", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "individuals claim that many problems with modern schooling stem from the weakness in school", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": "Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "rigid", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "school class", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "50 students, maintaining order in the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "students", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "teachers may concentrate their attention on motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "democratic", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "Sudbury model democratic schools claim", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "Sudbury model democratic schools claim", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "Sudbury model democratic schools claim", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "good judicial system", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "positive learning experience", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "passion", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "do not teach", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "bored with the subject which in turn bores", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "intrinsic", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "lecture material", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "demonstrative", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "intrinsic", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "intrinsic", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "lead", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "intrinsic motivation in the context of learning", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "energy", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "excitement", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "Research shows that student motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "beneficial", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": "internal goal of improving himself, whereas academic success includes the goals he receives from his superior", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "superior", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "motivation and attitudes towards school are closely linked to student-teacher relationships. Enthusiastic", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": "supportive", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": "friendly", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "interacting", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "willingness to play", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "teaching, enthusiasm about the students, and enthusiasm about the subject matter", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "enthusiastic", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "spark", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "teaching", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "teachers", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "6%", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "United States", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": "their educational career", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "American Association of University Women", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "England", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional, a group that included priests, religious leaders, and case workers as well as teachers", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "2,869", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "stratified two-stage sample design", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": "Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "shortage", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "general secretary of National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "sex", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "consent", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": "Stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "heavy workload, and inspections", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": "occupational burnout", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "Stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": "Stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "twice", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice the figure for the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "mentoring", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "occupational", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "occupational stress among teachers", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "mentoring", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "similarities", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "certification", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "elementary school education", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "Governments", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "US", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "individual states and territories", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "three-tier model", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "universities", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools) and tertiary education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "post-secondary degree Bachelor's Degree. In most provinces a second Bachelor's Degree such as a Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "Bachelor of Education", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "provincial government or teaching in a private school which is funded by the private sector, businesses and sponsors", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "civil servants recruited in special university classes, called Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "Germany, teachers are mainly civil servants recruited in special university classes, called Lehramtstudien", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Grundschule", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "Gymnasium", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "Hauptschule", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": "Gaeltacht area or on an island", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "\u20ac27,814 p.a., rising incrementally to \u20ac53,423", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "\u20ac53,423", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "deputy principal or assistant principal), experience and qualifications", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "Section 30", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "Oireachtas funds", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "2006", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "Garda vetting has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "posts and those who refuse vetting \"cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "vetting", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": "Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a320,980 annually", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "bachelor's degree", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "\u00a320,133 to \u00a341,004 in September 2007", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "licensing programs to attract people into teaching, especially for hard-to-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "hard-to-fill positions", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "geographic area", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "secondary", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "GTCS). Teaching in Scotland is an all graduate profession", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "seven", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "Scotland", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "after a year", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "2008", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "\u00a339,942", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "\u00a339,942", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "Chartered Teacher", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "Scotland can be registered members of trade unions with the main ones being the Educational Institute of Scotland and the Scottish Secondary Teachers' Association", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "Wales", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "Welsh medium education is available to all age groups through nurseries, schools, colleges and universities and in adult education; lessons in the language", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "until the age of 16", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "22", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "all age groups through nurseries", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "trade unions", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "younger", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "Welsh schools which reached an all-time high between 2005 and 2010", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "NUT or NASUWT and reports in recent years suggest that the average age of teachers", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "Welsh schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "ten years", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "bachelor's degree and the majority must be certified by the state in which they teach. Many charter schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "No Child Left Behind", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "low salaries", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": "average teacher salaries", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "$39,259", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "$39,259", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "internet", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": "three", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "Protestant", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "Rome", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "religious teachers", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "LDS Church), the teacher", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "archetype", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "spiritual", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "defer", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "father of the house", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": "disciples", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "Hinduism", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "phowa and siddhi", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "Tulku", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "Sunnah and Ahadith", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "Sunnah and Ahadith", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "Sufism", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "spiritual teacher", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "Qutb", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": "German", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "10 November 1483 \u2013 18 February 1546", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "the Late Medieval Catholic Church", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "freedom from God's punishment", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "Pope Leo X", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "eternal life", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "faith in Jesus Christ", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God and opposed sacerdotalism", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "divinely revealed knowledge from God and opposed sacerdotalism", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "a holy priesthood", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "the church", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "Tyndale", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "standard", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant clergy", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "10 November 1483", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "Hans Luder (or Ludher", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "the Holy Roman Empire", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "Catholic", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "lawyer", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "19", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "1505", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "believing that law represented uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "uncertainty", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology and philosophy, expressing particular interest in Aristotle, William of Ockham, and Gabriel Biel", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "Bartholomaeus Arnoldi von Usingen and Jodocus Trutfetter", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "God", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "divine judgment", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "2 July 1505", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "Erfurt", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "Erfurt", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "furious", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "fasting, long hours in prayer, pilgrimage, and frequent confession", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "frequent confession", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "the Savior and Comforter", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "Johann von Staupitz", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "poor soul", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "1507", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "bachelor's degree in Biblical studies on 9 March 1508, and another bachelor's degree in the Sentences by Peter Lombard", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "9 March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "Peter Lombard", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "the position of Doctor", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "University of Wittenberg", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "Doctor of Theology", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "1516", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "the church", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "dogmatic, cannot justify man; justification rather depends only on such faith as is active in charity and good works", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "active in charity and good works", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "charity and good works", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "31 October 1517", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "scholarly objection to church practices", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": "Hans Hillerbrand", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": "Crassus", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "coffer rings", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Luther", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "Johann Tetzel that \"As soon as the coin in the coffer rings", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "God", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "salvation were in error. Christians", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "all punishments", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "must not slacken in following Christ on account of such false assurances", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "Christ on account of such false assurances", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": "Tetzel", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "no means representative of contemporary Catholic teaching on indulgences", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "the matter in regard to indulgences for the dead", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "Catholic", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "Philipp Melanchthon", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "Wittenberg", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "Walter Kr\u00e4mer, G\u00f6tz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "January 1518", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "the printing press", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "the 95 Theses", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "two months", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "two months", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "1519", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak. He published a short commentary on Galatians", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "creative", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "Freedom", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "Psalms", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "the Bible", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "righteousness", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "several of the central truths of Christianity", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "the chief article of the whole Christian doctrine, which comprehends the understanding of all godliness", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "1525", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "entirely the work of God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "Smalcald Articles", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "the just person\" of whom the Bible speaks (as in Romans 1:17) lives by faith", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "the first of two points", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "the Reformation", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "rediscovery of \"Christ and His salvation\"", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "two", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz and Magdeburg", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "Mainz and Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses. He had the theses checked for heresy", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "papal dispensation", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "more than one bishopric", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "December 1517", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Pope Leo X", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "Rome", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "October 1518", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "Cardinal Cajetan", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "desisted", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "January 1519", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "remain silent if his opponents", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "Johann Eck", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "popes", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "Jan Hus", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "15 June 1520", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "41", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "Karl von Miltitz", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "3 January 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "secular authorities", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "18 April 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Charles V", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "Prince Frederick III, Elector of Saxony", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "the second question", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "the next day", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "think about the answer to the second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response the next day", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "a knight winning a bout", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael Mullett", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "recant his writings", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Luther", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "Here I stand", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "his nature", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "Edict of Worms on 25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "25 May 1521", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "Emperor", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "arrest: \"We want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "give Luther food or shelter", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "Wittenberg", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Eisenach", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "my Patmos", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "New Testament from Greek", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "Mainz", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": "a sin", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "humans are sinners by nature", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "1 August 1521", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "Christ", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "Melanchthon", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "the heart of Church practices", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "idolatry", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "it is a gift", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "private confession and absolution", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "illegitimate and vain attempt to win salvation", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "1521", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "Little Horn", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "antichrist of 2 Thessalonians 2", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "June 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "provoked disturbances", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": "Wittenberg became even more volatile after Christmas", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "the town council", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "6 March 1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "change", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "Invocavit Sunday", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "Invocavit", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "necessary", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "The effect of Luther's intervention was immediate. After the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "Jerome Schurf", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "sixth", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "Dr. Martin's return spread among us! His words, through divine mercy", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "divine mercy, are bringing back every day misguided", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "public order", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "conservative force within the Reformation", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "the Zwickau prophets", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "fomenting social unrest and violence", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "the radical reformers", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "Thomas M\u00fcntzer", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "German Peasants", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "1524\u201325", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "he would support an attack", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "the upper classes in general", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "aggrieved to obey the temporal authorities", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "convents", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "nobles", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "burning of convents", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "nobles", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "three", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "\"Render unto Caesar", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "outside the law of God and Empire", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "the Swabian League", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "15 May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "M\u00fcntzer's execution", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "secular powers", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "Katharina von Bora", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "herring barrels", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "26 years", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "41 years", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "April 1523", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "13 June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "Bugenhagen", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "Bugenhagen. The ceremonial walk to the church", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "13 June 1525", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "Bugenhagen", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "clerical", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "clerical marriage. He had long condemned vows of celibacy", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "Biblical grounds", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "celibacy", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "reckless", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "11 August 1526", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "six", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "my poverty", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "farming the land and taking in boarders. Luther confided to Michael Stiefel", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "occupied in organising a new church", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "supervisory church body, laid down a new form of worship service", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "supervisory church body", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "a clear summary of the new faith in the form of two catechisms", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "revolutionary", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "extreme change", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "church largely shorn", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "an adviser", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "John the Steadfast", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "temporal sovereign", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "his 1523", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "German liturgy, Luther wrote a German", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "smacks of sacrifice", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "freedom of ceremony. Some reformers", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "Saxony", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "standard of pastoral care and Christian education in the territory", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "Christian doctrine", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "nigh unskilled and incapable of teaching", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": "catechisms provided easy-to-understand instructional and devotional material on the Ten Commandments", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": "1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": "a manual for pastors and teachers", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "synopsis", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "easy-to-understand instructional and devotional material", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "the Bondage of the Will and the Catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "Catechism", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "hymns and his translation of the Bible", "56f86966aef2371900626053": "pastors", "56f86966aef2371900626054": "German vernacular", "56f86966aef2371900626055": "Lutheran catechical teaching", "56f86966aef2371900626056": "three persons of the Trinity, each of which works in the catechumen's life", "56f86966aef2371900626057": "the Father and draws the believer to the Father", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "1522", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "1534", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "translation", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "faith", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "whoever would speak plainly and clearly about this cutting away of works will have to say, 'Faith alone justifies us, and not works", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "chancellery", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "both northern and southern Germans", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "the Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "the Bible accessible to everyday Germans", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "German-language publications", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "influential Bible translation", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "Bible", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "William Tyndale's English", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William Tyndale", "56f87000aef2371900626071": "hymn-writer, authoring hymns", "56f87000aef2371900626072": "high art and folk music", "56f87000aef2371900626073": "public arena", "56f87000aef2371900626074": "lute", "56f87000aef2371900626075": "waldzither", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "the hymn \"Ein neues Lied wir", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "to be martyred by the Roman Catholic Church for Lutheran views", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "Ibstone", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "John C. Messenger's translation by the title and first line \"Flung to the Heedless Winds\" and sung to the tune Ibstone", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "John C. Messenger's translation", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "1524", "56f87392aef237190062609a": "18th-century hymnals", "56f87392aef237190062609b": "the Small Catechism", "56f87392aef237190062609c": "German creedal hymn", "56f87392aef237190062609d": "because of the perceived difficulty of its tune", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "1538", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "Small Catechism", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "specific catechism", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "multiple revisions", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "Luther's 1538 hymnic", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "1523", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "Lutheran hymnal", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "psalm-hymns for use in German worship", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "Achtliederbuch", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "five-stanza Reformation", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "Hauptlied", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "Veni redemptor gentium", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "the main hymn", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "two", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "the German Te Deum", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "our Lord", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "Johann Walter", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "prayer for grace", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "J. S. Bach", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "Halle", "56f88025aef237190062611e": "Lutheran hymnals", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "18 of 26", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "18 of 26", "56f88025aef2371900626121": "24 of the 32", "56f88025aef2371900626122": "Johann Walter, Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "Christ lag", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": "Johann Sebastian Bach included several verses as chorales", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": "1707", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "1707", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "Christian's soul sleeps", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "false", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "Christian's soul sleeps", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "Christian souls", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "Smalcald Articles, he described the saints as currently residing \"in their graves and in heaven", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "The Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "Lutheran", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "The Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "1755", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "Francis Blackburne", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "Francis Blackburne in 1765 argued that John Jortin misread this and other passages from Luther, while Gottfried Fritschel", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "Gottfried Fritschel", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "Gottfried Fritschel pointed out in 1867 that it actually refers to the soul of a man \"in this life\"", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "October 1529", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "Landgrave of Hesse", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "doctrinal unity", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "fourteen", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "fourteen points", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "Zwingli, Melanchthon, Martin Bucer, and Johannes Oecolampadius", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "Zwingli", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "sacramental union", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "sacramental union", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "transcripts, the debate sometimes became confrontational", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "the Marburg Colloquy", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "Eucharist", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "Protestant nobles", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "antithetical", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "illuminated by reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "no way", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "absurd", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "the Jews", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "the Reformation continued, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "the Jews", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "venom", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "1543", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "Marburg Colloquy, Suleiman the Magnificent was besieging Vienna with a vast Ottoman army", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "Christ", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "punish Christians by God, as agents of the Biblical apocalypse that would destroy the antichrist, whom Luther believed to be the papacy", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "the Biblical apocalypse", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "the Turk", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "Latin", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "Muslim faith as a tool of the devil", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "Mohammedanism", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "it exposed to scrutiny", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "Eisleben \u2013 preached a sermon in which he claimed that God's gospel, not God's moral law", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "Agricola", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "antinomian theses circulating in Wittenberg", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "antinomians, four of which became the basis for disputations between 1538 and 1540. He also responded to these assertions", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "C. G\u00fcttel Against the Antinomians", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "l-a-w from the church \u2013 does not eliminate the accusing law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "second use of the law", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "the Holy Spirit's tool to work sorrow over sin in man's heart", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "Christians", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "Christians", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": "natural law \u2013 also positively teach how the Christian ought to live", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "natural law", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "third", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "God's condemning judgment", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "her vocations", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "The Ten Commandments", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "foreshadowing of the believers' future angel", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": "clear eschatological overtones", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "Landgrave of Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "Hesse", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "Brecht", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "political implications", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "expelled", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "Jews", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "cultural", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "divinity of Jesus", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "blasphemers and liars because they rejected the divinity of Jesus, whereas Christians believed Jesus was the Messiah", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "treatise Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fcgen", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "1543", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "sanction for murder", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "all time", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "the Jews in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "anti-Jewish works", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "Lutheran", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "Luther", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "Jewish rhetoric", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "Julius Streicher, editor of the Nazi newspaper Der St\u00fcrmer", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "Heinrich Himmler", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "Julius Streicher, editor of the Nazi newspaper", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "17 December 1941", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "Luther had already suggested preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "Kristallnacht", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "The German people", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "Daniel Goldhagen, Bishop Martin Sasse, a leading Protestant churchman", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "about Luther's influence is whether it is anachronistic", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "opportunistic", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "anti-Semitism", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "the 18th and 19th centuries", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "German history", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "Ronald Berger", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "hysterical and demonizing mentality\" about Jews to enter German thought and discourse", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Lutheran clergy", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Third", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "they were at least partly the product of a declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "health deteriorated, it is possible they were at least partly the product of a declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgarity and violence", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "Jews", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "Mark U.", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "1980s", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "Strommen et al.'s 1970 survey of 4,745 North American Lutherans aged 15\u201365", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "Hitler and Nazism", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "1928", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease, vertigo, fainting, tinnitus, and a cataract in one eye. From 1531 to 1546", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "antagonisms with and among his fellow reformers, and the scandal which ensued from the bigamy of the Philip of Hesse", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "kidney and bladder stones", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "angina", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "Rome", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "poor physical health", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "Katharina was overheard saying, \"Dear husband, you are too rude,\" and he responded, \"They are teaching me to be rude", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "harsher", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "Katharina", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "15 February 1546", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "Eisleben", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "all German territory", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "\"we want to practice Christian love toward them and pray that they convert,\" but also that they are \"our public enemies", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "Count Albrecht of Mansfeld bringing the industry under his own control. The controversy that ensued involved all four Mansfeld counts", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "late 1545", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "1546", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "his siblings' families continuing in their father Hans Luther's copper mining trade", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "17 February 1546", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "8", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "prayed", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "the common prayer of the dying", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "17 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "2:45 a.m. on 18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "18 February 1546", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "Castle Church in Wittenberg", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "Wittenberg, beneath the pulpit. The funeral was held by his friends Johannes Bugenhagen and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "We are beggars", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "Latin", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "monumental size were crucial to the spread of Protestantism. In contrast to images of frail Catholic saints", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "images of frail", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "stout man", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "stark", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "1530s", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "31 October", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints. In the Church of England's Calendar of Saints", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "18", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "SoCal", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "10", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "economic center", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "economic", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "Kern and San Luis Obispo", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "Southern California Megaregion", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "11", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "United States", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "east into Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican border into Tijuana", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "Tijuana", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "Ventura", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "12 million", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "Southern California", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "17.5 million", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada. To the south is the Mexico", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "Colorado Desert and the Colorado River at the border with Arizona, and the Mojave Desert at the border with the state of Nevada", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "southern California are two major cities", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "3,792,621", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "San Diego", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "southern", "5705e99452bb891400689688": "Los Angeles", "5705e99452bb891400689689": "United States", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "Los Angeles", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "15", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": "Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Los Angeles", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Los Angeles", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Walt Disney Company", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "southern California", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Sony", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "skateboard", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Shaun White", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Malibu, and it is second only to the island of Oahu", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "Los Angeles to Hawaii", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "southern California coast", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "open spaces", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "37\u00b0 9' 58.23\" latitude, around 11 miles", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "11 miles", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "Tehachapi Mountains", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "Tehachapi Mountains", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "Monterey", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "Monterey", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "the Compromise of 1850 enabled California to be admitted to the Union", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "California", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "taxes", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "lightly populated \"Cow Counties", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "three", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "75%", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "Milton Latham", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "Los Angeles Times", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "Imperial", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "seven", "5705f36452bb891400689718": "regional tourism", "5705f36452bb891400689719": "Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "Tehachapis", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "eastern Kern", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "Great Lakes", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "megalopolis in the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "megalopolis", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "Camp Pendleton", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Riverside-San Bernardino", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "San Bernardino and Riverside County areas, Riverside-San Bernardino", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "Los Angeles", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "San Bernardino and Riverside Counties (the non-desert portions) were developed in the 1980s and 1990s", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "90-60's while as winters are 70-50's, usually all of Southern California have Mediterranean", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "90-60", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "very rare", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "90-60", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "Pacific Ocean", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "deserts", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains, through the Transverse and Peninsular", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "Peninsular Ranges with their peaks", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "10,000", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "6.7", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "structural collapses", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "over $20 billion", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "San Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": "6.7+ earthquake", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "Andreas Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "USGS has released a California Earthquake", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "California", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "global", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic", "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010", "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth rates", "570603c475f01819005e7884": "10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7885": "10.0%", "570603c475f01819005e7886": "northern", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "Metropolitan Statistical Areas", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area, and Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "17,786", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "southern California, are the two largest cities in all of California", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "3.7 million people) and San Diego (at 1.3 million", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "34", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "twelve cities with more than 200,000 residents and 34 cities over 100,000", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "Riverside", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "diverse", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "Hollywood", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "bubble 2001\u20132007, and has been heavily impacted by the housing crash", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "diverse", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "bubble", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "1920s", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "suburbs", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "business districts", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Downtown Los Angeles", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Los Angeles", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "Glendale", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "Burbank", "57060cc352bb891400689810": "San Fernando Valley", "57060cc352bb891400689811": "Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile including Century", "57060df252bb891400689820": "San", "57060df252bb891400689821": "San Bernardino-Riverside", "57060df252bb891400689822": "San Bernardino and Downtown Riverside", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "University of California, Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "West Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "Downtown Santa Ana", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Northern", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, Mission Valley, Rancho Bernardo, Sorrento Mesa, and University City", "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792b": "Los Angeles International Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "third", "570610b275f01819005e792d": "Van Nuys Airport", "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van Nuys Airport, the world's busiest general aviation airport", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "Los Angeles", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "Southern California is also home to the Port of Los Angeles", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "San Diego", "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Port of Los Angeles", "5706139252bb891400689864": "Tech Coast is a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor", "5706139252bb891400689865": "Tech Coast is a moniker that has gained use as a descriptor", "5706139252bb891400689866": "Chapman University", "5706139252bb891400689867": "12", "5706139252bb891400689868": "12", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Los Angeles Rams, San Diego Chargers); NBA (Los Angeles Lakers", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "Los Angeles", "5706143575f01819005e7952": "Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings, Anaheim Ducks); and MLS (LA Galaxy", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689880": "Chivas", "5706149552bb891400689881": "two", "5706149552bb891400689882": "2005", "5706149552bb891400689883": "LA Galaxy and Chivas USA", "5706149552bb891400689884": "2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "UCLA", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "College sports are also popular in southern California. The UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "Pac-12 Conference", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "12 Conference", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": "Rugby is also a growing sport in southern California, particularly at the high school level", "5706155352bb891400689896": "sport in southern California", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "Sky plc", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "BSkyB", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "2014", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group plc changed its name to Sky plc", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "Sky plc", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "2006", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "two", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "Sky picked up the remaining four for \u00a31.3bn", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "\u00a34.2bn", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "the ONdigital", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "Freeview", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Pick TV", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "September 2007, Sky launched a new TV advertising campaign targeting Sky+ at women. As of 31 March 2008", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "monthly fee", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "January 2010", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "Multiroom upgrade only and started to issue the Sky+HD Box as standard, thus giving all new subscribers the functions of Sky+", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "NDS, a Cisco Systems company", "57094d489928a8140047150b": "NDS", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "Cisco Systems company", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "PVR", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "Sky channels on cable TV", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "removing the basic channels from the network on 1 March 2007. Virgin Media claimed that BSkyB had substantially increased the asking price", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "Video On Demand content which was not previously carried by cable", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "channels and Video On Demand content which was not previously carried by cable", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "cloud storage", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "The service continued until the closure of BSkyB", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "27 September 2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky Digital platform", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "3.5 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "British Sky Broadcasting or BSkyB", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "British telecommunications company", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "Freeview", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Sky Q Hub", "57096505ed30961900e84083": "Sky Q Silver", "57096505ed30961900e84084": "Sky Q Silver set top boxes with a Wi-Fi or Power-line connection", "57096505ed30961900e84085": "2016", "57096505ed30961900e84086": "18 November 2015, Sky announced Sky Q, a range of products and services to be available in 2016", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "DVB-compliant MPEG-2", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "Dolby Digital", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": "MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "Interactive services and 7-day EPG", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "DVB-S2", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "28.5\u00b0E", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "hundreds", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "old position was shared with broadcasters from several European countries, while the new position at 28.5\u00b0E", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "22 May 2006", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "40,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "STB) from manufacturer Thomson", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "17,000", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "4,222,000", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "8 February 2007", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "March", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "digital terrestrial platform", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "Virgin Media", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "English Premier League Football", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "monthly subscription", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "monthly subscription", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "VideoGuard UK equipped receiver (all of which are dedicated to the Sky service", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "Ku band LNB", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "Sky service", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "autumn of 1991", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "\u00a318m", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "BBC was given the highlights of most of the matches, while BSkyB paying \u00a3304m", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "\u00a3304m", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "no veto over the presence of channels on their EPG, with open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "\u00a315\u2013100,000", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom. Any channel which can get carriage", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "picture quality", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "content", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1 October 1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "Sky", "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Sky Active", "57097051ed30961900e84135": "ONdigital", "57097051ed30961900e84136": "over 100,000", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "Video On Demand service to carry a modest selection of HD content", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "BBC HD", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "4", "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10 million", "57097b50200fba140036804e": "more than 25m people", "57097b50200fba140036804f": "August 2004", "57097b50200fba1400368050": "36%", "57097b50200fba1400368051": "flattened", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "tobacco and gambling. Conservative MP Alec Shelbrooke was proposing the payments of benefits and tax credits", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "parliament", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "claimants' \"Sky TV bills", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "tax credits", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "\u00a330m", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "no indication as to whether the new deal includes the additional Video On Demand and High Definition content", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "BSkyB", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "BSkyB and Virgin Media", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": "diversified: service", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "Melbourne Cricket Ground", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "Melbourne Cricket", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "Bendigo", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "South Wales", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Buckland Valley", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "1,000", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "cramped and unsanitary", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "multi-member proportional representation system", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "eight", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "five", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "lower house members", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "four years", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": "western and northern suburbs", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": "The Greens", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "The Greens, who won their first lower house seats in 2014, are strongest in inner Melbourne", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "Australian Labor Party", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Australian Labor Party", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "26.7%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "61.1%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "26.7%", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "26.7%", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "Phillip Bay", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "second-most populous state overall", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "second-most populous state overall. Most of its population is concentrated in the area surrounding Port Phillip Bay", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Melbourne", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "Australian mainland, Victoria is bordered by Bass Strait and Tasmania", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "the Koori", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "1901", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "Sullivan Bay", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "nearly 90%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "33%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "26,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) of Victorian farmland are sown for grain", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "nearly 90%", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "121,200 tonnes of pears and 270,000 tonnes", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "the 1855 colonial constitution", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "United Kingdom Parliament", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "absolute majority in both houses", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "a written constitution enacted in 1975, but based on the 1855 colonial constitution", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "hot winds blowing", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F)", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "warmest regions", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "2\u20137 \u00b0C", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "7 February 2009", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "Victorian schools are either publicly or privately funded", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "extra costs are levied", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "Roman Catholic Church", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "comply with government-set curriculum", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "car brands Ford, Toyota and Holden", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "Geelong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "almost 2,000 m (6,600 ft), with Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "1,986 m (6,516 ft)", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "Murray River", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "honeyeater", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "The Victorian Alps in the northeast", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "coldest part of Victoria. The Alps are part of the Great Dividing Range mountain system", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "east-west", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "\u221211.7 \u00b0C", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "the Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "XPTs Melbourne", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "the Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "CFCL Australia", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "Melbourne", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "1 July 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "nugget", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "76,000", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "20 million", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "489", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "462,000", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "63,519", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "61 per cent", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "3 million", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "60%", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Asia", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "1,600 mm", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "1,435 mm", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "1,600 mm", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous areas", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "five", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1788", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "New South Wales and a western half named New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "New Holland", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "mining taxes", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "mining", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "reform the administration", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "the passage of the Colony of Victoria Act", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "The Premier is the public face of government and, with cabinet, sets the legislative and political agenda. Cabinet consists of representatives elected to either house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "cabinet", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "house of parliament", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "legislative and political agenda", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "17% to $8.7 billion", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "17%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "32,463", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land. This comprises more than 60%", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "60%", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "big part in tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "tourism and sports tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "regional cities", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "Bright Autumn Festival", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "substantial religious, political and military autonomy", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "1562", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "Edict of Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "French Catholics", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "derision", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva, Hugues", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Swiss politician Besan\u00e7on Hugues", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "Amboise plot of 1560: a foiled attempt to wrest power in France", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "1560", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "the Protestant movement", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "1294", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "Roman Catholic priest", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "folio", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "Paris", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots. The city's political institutions", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "Montpellier", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "Paris", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "1622", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "Cape of Good Hope", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Fran\u00e7ois Villion (Viljoen", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "Dutch East India Company post at the Cape of Good Hope", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "1671", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "Boschwick", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "Bushwick", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Brooklyn", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 1685, Rev. Elie Prioleau from the town of Pons in France", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "South Carolina", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "1697", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "Charleston, South Carolina", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "Stadtholder William III of Orange", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "King of England", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "Augsburg as a coalition", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "wealthy and Calvinist Dutch Republic", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "1672", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "all legal recognition of Protestantism", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Edict of Fontainebleau", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "500,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "St. Bartholomew's Day", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "5,000 to 30,000", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "French Catholics, the Huguenots had their own militia", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "political reasons", "57108073b654c5140001f927": "1629", "57108073b654c5140001f926": "southwestern France", "57108073b654c5140001f928": "Henry IV", "57108073b654c5140001f929": "Louis XIII", "57108073b654c5140001f925": "the Huguenot rebellions", "57108198b654c5140001f937": "one million", "57108198b654c5140001f938": "2%", "57108198b654c5140001f939": "the C\u00e9vennes mountain", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "Alsace", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "Australia", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "New York, another 21 miles", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "New Paltz", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "New Paltz", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "Huguenot Street Historic District\"", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "New Rochelle", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "75,000", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "ca. 2 million", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "West Frisia", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "Dutch Republic", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "haunted", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "King Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "Hugo", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "r\u00e9form\u00e9s", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "night", "571090abb654c5140001f995": "Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f996": "the river", "571090abb654c5140001f997": "a block of houses in Turnagain Lane", "571090abb654c5140001f998": "Maidstone", "571090abb654c5140001f999": "the river", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "Church", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "Cork, Youghal and Waterford", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "a High Sheriff", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "a brain drain", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "60", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "non-Catholics", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "North American front of the Seven Years' War", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "1759", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "French", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "Nantes", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "Protestant churches", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "Catholics", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "education of children as Catholics", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. It proved disastrous to the Huguenots and costly for France", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four thousand", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "Catholics", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "New York and Virginia", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "Switzerland and the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "1555", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "Fort Coligny", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "1560", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "Guanabara Confession", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "wine", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "Western Cape province", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "Huguenot", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Paul Revere", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Charleston", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "Manakin Episcopal Church", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Texas", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "British lace", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "the style", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "Bedfordshire", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "eighteenth century", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "one-fifth", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "protest against the occupation of Prussia", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "1806", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700, one-fifth of the city's population was French speaking. The Berlin", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "Prussia", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "rugged C\u00e9vennes region in the south. In the early 18th century, a regional group known as the Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "the Camisards", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "the Catholic Church", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Norman Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "Norman Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "September 1565", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Charlesfort", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "Augustine", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Jean Ribault", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "1564", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "The Wars of Religion precluded a return voyage", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "Virginia", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "Lower Norfolk County", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Manakin", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "390", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "12 May 1705", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "1568\u20131609", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "Some Huguenots", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "William the Silent", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "Gaspard de Coligny", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "Gaspard de Coligny", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "England", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "1708", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "50,000", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andr\u00e9 Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "Andr\u00e9 Lortie), a leading Huguenot theologian and writer who led the exiled community in London", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "Williamite war", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "Irish linen", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "linen", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "mercantilism", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "a Huguenot community", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "the 1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "1604", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "Protestant European nations", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "Protestant", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "North America, and Quebec", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "the Dutch East Indies, the Caribbean, and several of the English colonies of North America, and Quebec", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "English colonies of North America, and Quebec", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "Hugues Capet", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Hugues Capet", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "Janet Gray and other supporters of the hypothesis suggest that the name huguenote", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "Hugues hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "triple non-French linguistic", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "Gallican Roman Catholics", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "1523", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "William Farel", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "Swiss Reformation", "57111428b654c5140001faff": "24 August \u2013 3 October 1572", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Catholics", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "thousands", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "3 October. An amnesty granted in 1573", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "3,000 and 7,000 more in the French provinces. By 17 September, almost 25,000", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "convert", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "convert", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "convert", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "dragonnades", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "Saturday evening, the distance by the road from New Rochelle to New York, to attend the Sunday", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "French", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "John Pell, Lord of Pelham Manor", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "La", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "Burial Ground", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "French communities", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "French communities, which led to their assimilation", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Eleutherian gunpowder mills", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Pierre", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "100 foundational texts of the US Library of Congress", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Nicolas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "French Protestant Church of London", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Soho Square. Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "1724", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "Germany and Scandinavia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Brandenburg-Prussia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "Duke of Brunswick-L\u00fcneburg", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "the Altpreu\u00dfische Infantry", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Theodor Fontane", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Adolf Galland", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "la Peri\u00e8re", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Huguenot family", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "solar power, nuclear power", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "Rankine", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "steam within a boiler operating at a high pressure. When expanded through pistons or turbines, mechanical work is done. The reduced-pressure steam", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "external combustion", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "Thomas Newcomen", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712. It was an improvement over Savery's steam pump", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "Papin", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "United Kingdom", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "21 February 1804", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "Richard Trevithick", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "south Wales", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "south", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "The Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "multi-stage centrifugal", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "steam locomotives", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "steam jet", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "triple and quadruple expansion engines", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "19th", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "marine triple expansion engines", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "Olympic class", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "trip mechanisms or cams profiled", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "motions", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "lengthening rubbing surfaces", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "steam escapes, warning the operators, who may then manually suppress the fire", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "steam escapes, warning the operators", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "manually suppress the fire", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "dampening the fire", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James Watt", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "rotary motion", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1781", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "James Watt", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "first century AD", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "Greek mathematician", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "Giovanni Branca", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "1606", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "compound", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "expansions", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "shipping", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "internal combustion engines gradually resulted in the replacement of reciprocating (piston) steam engines, with shipping", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "common", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "late part of the 19th century", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "90%", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "electric", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "nuclear reactor, geothermal energy", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "combustion chamber", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "industrial process", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "heat source can be an electric", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines is the steam engine indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "Charles Porter", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "London", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "Vauclain", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "180\u00b0", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "Vauclain", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "counterflow", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "two", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "two piston strokes", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "four events \u2013 admission, expansion", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "rotary", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "rotary steam", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "superior part-load performance", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "trunnion", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "simplicity", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "simplicity, but have also been used in full size", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "recycled", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "open loop", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Low boiling hydrocarbons", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": "a Rankine cycle can operate as a closed loop system", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "bottoming cycle in combined-cycle gas turbine power stations", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "565 \u00b0C", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "steam turbines, turbine entry temperatures are typically 565 \u00b0C (the creep limit of stainless steel) and condenser temperatures are around 30 \u00b0C", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "30 \u00b0C", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "steamboats", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "Stanley Steamer", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "powering pumping stations", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "increase in the land available for cultivation", "571153422419e3140095557d": "Salamanca", "571153422419e3140095557e": "Matthew Murray", "571153422419e3140095557f": "Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955580": "Matthew Murray", "571153422419e31400955581": "Stockton", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "British engineer", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "torque variability", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "a larger cylinder", "571154c72419e31400955587": "90%", "571154c72419e31400955588": "reciprocating steam engines", "571154c72419e31400955589": "Turbinia", "571154c72419e3140095558a": "propulsion", "571154c72419e3140095558b": "Turbinia), steam turbines with reduction gearing (although the Turbinia has direct turbines to propellers with no reduction gearbox", "571155ae2419e31400955591": "Rankine cycle", "571155ae2419e31400955592": "condenser", "571155ae2419e31400955593": "1990s", "571155ae2419e31400955594": "John Macquorn Rankine, a Scottish polymath", "571155ae2419e31400955595": "Scottish polymath", "571156152419e3140095559b": "\"duty", "571156152419e3140095559f": "17", "571156152419e3140095559e": "steam engine's energy efficiency", "571156152419e3140095559d": "94", "571156152419e3140095559c": "Watt", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "Reciprocating", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "Reciprocating piston", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "turbine type steam engines", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "Reciprocating", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "water pump", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "1698", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Richard Trevithick and, separately, Oliver Evans", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Richard Trevithick and, separately, Oliver Evans", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "faster, or more powerful", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "high-pressure", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "27-30%", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "8.8", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "27-30%", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "surface condensers", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "automobile radiator", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "wet) cooling towers use the rejected heat to evaporate water", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "3600", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "James Watt for use on a steam engine in 1788 after Watt\u2019s partner Boulton", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "Boulton", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "James Watt", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "James Watt", "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "never common and not employed after 1930)", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "Britain", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", "57115e532419e314009555b3": "road engines and almost universal", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "cutoff", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "\"kick back", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "choking", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "give events of fixed", "57115f652419e314009555b9": "Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", "57115f652419e314009555ba": "steam engine", "57115f652419e314009555bb": "1698", "57115f652419e314009555bc": "1698", "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1712", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "steam turbine", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "a drive shaft", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "rotary motion", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "rotary motion", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "60 Hertz power, 3000 RPM in Europe and other countries with 50 Hertz electric power systems", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "lower", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam turbine plant", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "cogeneration processes", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "prime mover", "571161092419e314009555d7": "Wankel", "571161092419e314009555d8": "Wankel", "571161092419e314009555d9": "steam-tight in the face of wear and thermal expansion", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1763\u20131775", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "a separate condenser. Boulton", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "atmospheric\"", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "a piston", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "the valve against steam pressure", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "adjustable spring-loaded", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "greater steam pressure and more power from the engine. The more recent type of safety", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "greater steam pressure and more power from the engine", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "The acme", "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "30%", "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "Rumford medal", "571163172419e314009555e7": "thermodynamic", "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", "571163172419e314009555e9": "heat", "571163172419e314009555ea": "Joseph Black", "571163172419e314009555eb": "latent heat", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "compression stage relatively little work is required to drive the pump", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "relatively little work is required to drive the pump", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "1% to 3%", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "1500", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "injector", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "boiler", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "vapour point, and various mechanisms to increase the draft for fireboxes", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "bunker", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "increase the draft for fireboxes", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "feed water", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "British", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "dreadnought", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "dreadnought", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": "Virtually all nuclear power plants generate electricity by heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f2": "heating water to provide steam that drives a turbine connected to an electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f3": "electrical generator", "571166352419e314009555f4": "steam turbine directly for main propulsion, with generators providing auxiliary power, or else employ turbo-electric transmission", "571166352419e314009555f5": "Sweden and for express passenger work in Britain", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "practical Carnot cycle because, when an efficient turbine", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "boiler", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure) processes in the Rankine cycle and isothermal", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "isobaric (constant pressure) processes in the Rankine cycle and isothermal", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "gaseous form in a compressor", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "oxygen", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "20.8%", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "oxygen", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "20.8%", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "oxygen", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "chalcogen", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "oxides) with most elements. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "temperature", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "photosynthesis", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "sunlight", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "ozone layer", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "ozone", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "Robert Boyle", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "nitroaereus", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "1641", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "English chemist John Mayow", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "17th", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "English chemist", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "Priestley", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "HgO) inside a glass tube", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "British", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "1775", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "priority in the discovery", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "Leonardo da Vinci", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "mechanics, Philo of Byzantium", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "BCE", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "classical element", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo of Byzantium", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "the neck. Philo incorrectly surmised", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "Pneumatica", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Leonardo da Vinci", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "Oxygen", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "Fire and explosion hazards exist when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates because they can donate oxygen to a fire", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Oxygen is the oxidant", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "oxidant", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "rapid combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "oxidant", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "peroxides", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen will act as a fuel", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "oxygen will act as a fuel", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "ignition sources are minimized", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "special training", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "O 2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "O 2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "Steel pipes", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "Apollo 1 crew in a launch pad test spread so rapidly because the capsule was pressurized with pure O", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "oxygen", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "carbon dioxide", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "oxygen compounds, in particular various complex silicates (in silicate minerals", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "silicates", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "silicon", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "silicate minerals). The Earth's mantle, of much larger mass", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "silicon", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "monatomic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "monatomic", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "Joseph Louis", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "Amedeo Avogadro had arrived at the correct interpretation of water's composition", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "coal", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "leave little residue", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "gaseous combustion products", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "phlogist", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "lighter", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "level of theory", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other. The bond can be variously described based on level of theory", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "Aufbau", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "chemically", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "filling of molecular orbitals", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "1773", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1774", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "Antoine Lavoisier", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "triplet oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "2", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "triplet oxygen reacts only slowly with most organic molecules", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "spontaneous", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "antibonding", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "increase in weight", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "azote (Gk", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "ozone", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "Trioxygen (O 3) is usually known as ozone and is a very reactive allotrope", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "lung tissue", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "a protective radiation shield", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "UV", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "dioxygen, O 2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "dioxygen", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "dioxygen, O 2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "dioxygen, O 2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "complex forms of life, such as animals, in cellular respiration", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "Scottish chemist James Dewar", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene welding", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "temperature", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "45%", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "O 2", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "twice as much (14.6 mg\u00b7L\u22121) dissolves at 0 \u00b0C", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "third most abundant chemical element in the universe", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "third most abundant chemical element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "49.2%", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land. Oxygen is the third most abundant chemical element in the universe", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "ultraviolet radiation impacting oxygen-containing molecules", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "19th", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "the late 19th century scientists realized that air could be liquefied", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Paris", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "two days later, French physicist Louis Paul Cailletet", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "March 29, 1883", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "Planetary geologists", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "oxygen-16", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Planetary geologists", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "depleted oxygen", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "the Earth", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "molecular oxygen per se", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "water during photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "photosynthesis", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "energy", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "oxygen-18 and oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "12%", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "Paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "low signal-to-noise ratio and the physical structure of vegetation; but it has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle from satellites", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "fluorescence", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "687 and 760 nm", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "remote", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "O 2 molecules are paramagnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "O 2 molecules are paramagnetic", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "paramagnetic", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "superoxide ion", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "singlet oxygen to destroy invading microbes", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "superoxide", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "obligately anaerobic", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "about 2.5 billion years ago", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "90.20 K (\u2212182.95 \u00b0C", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "High-purity liquid O 2", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "2", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "combustible", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "in the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O 2 at lower temperatures", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "lower", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "their higher oxygen content", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "algae", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "biochemical oxygen demand", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "about 3.5 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "Paleoproterozoic", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "Paleoproterozoic eon", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "around 1.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "3\u20132.7 billion years ago", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "unusually high concentration of oxygen gas", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "biogeochemical", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "between its three", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "photosynthesis", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "oxygen", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "O 2 gas involves passing a stream of clean, dry air through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "90%", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "O 2", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "cryogenic", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "90%", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "Oxygen gas", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "Oxygen gas", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "pure O 2 gas", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "molecular oxygen and hydrogen", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "electrolysis of water into molecular oxygen and hydrogen", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "recreational", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "placebo", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "enriched O 2 mixtures only if they are breathed during aerobic exercise", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "placebo", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "enriched O 2 mixtures", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "gas gangrene, and decompression sickness (the 'bends') are sometimes treated using these devices", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "O 2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "anaerobic", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "sickness", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "emphysema, pneumonia", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "secondary effect", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "emphysema, pneumonia", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "O 2", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "gaseous", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "FeO", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "its electronegativity", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "O 2 supplies", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "cabin safety instructions dictate, forces iron filings into the sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen gas", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "exothermic", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "oxygen", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "high pressure", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "cryogenics and chemical compounds. For reasons of economy, oxygen is often transported in bulk as a liquid in specially insulated tankers", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "smaller cylinders", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "Oxygen is also stored and shipped in smaller cylinders", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "oxygen gas", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "glycerol", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "organic group): alcohols", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "6H 5OH", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "three atoms", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "glycerol, formaldehyde", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "phosphate", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "squalene and the carotenes", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "no oxygen. Of the organic compounds with biological relevance, carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "carbohydrates", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "phosphate and hydroxylapatite", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "Oxygen toxicity to the lungs and central nervous system", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "pulmonary fibrosis. Exposure to a O 2 partial pressures greater than 160 kPa", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "seizures", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "pulmonary fibrosis", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "due to the low total pressures used. In the case of spacesuits, the O 2 partial pressure in the breathing gas", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "O 2 partial pressure in the breathing gas", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "about 30 kPa (1.4 times", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "no damage due to the low total pressures", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "arterial blood gas", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "2", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "partial pressures more than 50 kilopascals", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "kPa", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "gas (O 2)", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "30%", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "October 1973", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "$3 per barrel", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1979", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "second oil shock", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "OPEC plus Egypt and Syria", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "disassociate themselves from United States foreign policy", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "the combatants", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "August 15, 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "rise and fall according to market demand", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "the dollar and other industrialized nations' currencies", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "September 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "Because oil was priced in dollars", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "two percent", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "1971", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "1974", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "less than two percent per year. Until the oil shock", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "October 6, 1973", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "the Shah", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "price of oil] is going to rise", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "$5.11 a barrel", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "October 16, 1973", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "the embargo", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "$1.5 billion", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "Saudi Arabia", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "over 100 billion", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Sunni extremist groups such as Al-Qaeda and the Taliban", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "dispensed", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "dispensed", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "Wahhabism, throughout the world, via religious charities such al-Haramain Foundation", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "excessive inflation, reduced", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "USSR", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "US than oil. Further, interest groups", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "embargo", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "automobiles", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "rugged terrain such as the Arctic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "five to ten years", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "Netherlands", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "America", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "UK", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Israelis", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "Ted Heath", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "UK", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "embargo", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "coal miners and railroad workers over the winter of 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "Switzerland and Norway", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls exacerbated the crisis in the US. The system limited the price of \"old oil\"", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "to encourage investment", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "greater scarcity", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "rationing (as in many countries)", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William E. Simon", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "1973", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "to coordinate the response to the embargo", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "20%", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "55 mph", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "November 28, 1995", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "1977", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "energy crisis", "572650325951b619008f6faa": "American energy policies since the crisis have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking, promoting expensive quick fixes and single-shot solutions", "572650325951b619008f6fab": "presidents", "57265200708984140094c237": "Saudi Arabia and Kuwait", "57265200708984140094c238": "British Prime Minister Edward Heath", "57265200708984140094c239": "10 years", "57265200708984140094c23a": "intelligence", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "71%", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "Middle East", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November 22, Japan issued a statement \"asserting that Israel should withdraw from all of the 1967", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December 25", "57265526708984140094c2bd": "Afghanistan", "57265526708984140094c2be": "American", "57265526708984140094c2bf": "Saudi Arabia", "57265526708984140094c2c0": "January 1979", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "November 1979", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": "Toyota Corona", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "American V8 and six cylinder engines. Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "V8", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "unibody construction and front-wheel drive", "572659535951b619008f703f": "1981", "572659535951b619008f7040": "Datsun", "572659535951b619008f7041": "Datsun", "572659535951b619008f7042": "Acura, Lexus", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "Hilux", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Dodge D-50 a few years after the oil crisis", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Chevrolet LUV", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "Ford Ranger, Dodge Dakota and the Chevrolet S10/GMC S-15", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "Omni / Plymouth Horizon", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood, Buick Electra, Oldsmobile 98, Lincoln Continental, Mercury Marquis, and various other luxury oriented sedans", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "Chevrolet Bel Air", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1977, GM's full-sized cars reflected the crisis. By 1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "vehicle categories. By 1977, GM's full-sized cars", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1973", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "to recover market share, increased production, pushing prices down", "57265e11708984140094c3be": "$40 per barrel, decreased during the 1980s to less than $10 per barrel", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "Mercury", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "John F. Kennedy", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "two", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1961", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Gemini", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "Soviet Union", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "Skylab", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": "prelaunch test", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "Budget cuts", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "oxygen tank explosion", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "Apollo 8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "low Earth orbit", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "842 pounds (382", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "technology incidental to rocketry", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "one astronaut on a limited Earth orbital mission, Apollo would carry three astronauts", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "three", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": "the Greek god of light, music, and the sun by NASA manager Abe Silverstein", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": "lunar landings", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": "1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": "1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": "Maxime Faget", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "25, three", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "Hugh L. Dryden", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "John F. Kennedy", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "Soviet Union", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "massive financial commitment required by a manned Moon landing", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "James E. Webb", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "aerospace technology", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "one", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "circumspect in his response to the news", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "April 20", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "approximately one week", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, asking Johnson to look into the status of America's space program", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "Robert R. Gilruth", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Robert R. Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "MSC", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Rice University", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "Florida, so a new Mission Control Center would be included in the MSC", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "Florida", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "Kurt H. Debus", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "LOC", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Kurt H. Debus", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "three", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "Apollo", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "250,000 feet (76 km", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "3.7 million", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "Dr. George E. Mueller", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "July 23, 1963", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "D. Brainerd Holmes", "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Mueller", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "OMSF program controller", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "1964", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "Samuel C. Phillips, who gained a reputation for his effective management of the Minuteman program", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "a rendezvous \u2014let alone a docking", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "1961", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "Robert Seamans", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "Nicholas E. Golovin", "5725c604271a42140099d186": "ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961", "5725c604271a42140099d187": "Spacecraft Center began to come around to support LOR", "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Joseph Shea", "5725c604271a42140099d189": "The engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "Jerome Wiesner", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": "Golovin", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": "Saturn V launch vehicle and LOR", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "Wiesner", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "Webb", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "Webb held firm", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "NASA announced the selection of Grumman", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "a \"lifeboat", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "electrical power and life", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "cone-shaped", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "translunar ferry", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "two", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "three", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": "conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": "an ablative heat shield", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "an Earth ocean landing", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "12,250 pounds", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "cylindrical Service", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "long-distance communications", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "before re-entry", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "51,300", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "orbital scientific instrument package", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "twice", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA. Because the CSM", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "two", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "33,300 pounds", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "34 hours", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "the Army", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "June 11, 1962", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "LC-34", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "1964 and 1965", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "translunar", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "IB", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "1,600,000 pounds-force", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "over 40,000", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "Saturn V", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "363", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "three", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "burned liquid hydrogen", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "Mercury", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "two", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "Dr. Harrison", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "Schmitt", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "32", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "Service Medal", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "Walter M. Schirra, Donn Eisele, and Walter Cunningham", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "Apollo 8", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "1966", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "265.7 nautical miles", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "617", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "suborbital", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": "AS-278", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "Apollo spacesuit", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "visor", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "water-cooled undergarment", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "Commander", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "Deke Slayton", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "Gemini", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "Deke Slayton", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "canceled", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "August 1967", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "Apollo 1 backup crew", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": "Samuel Phillips", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "tiger", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "George Mueller", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "North American", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "Chaffee", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "a launch countdown", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "North American", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "countdown", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "sealing of the hatch", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "oxygen", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "houses of Congress", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "workmanship and quality control", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "Low", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "by both houses of Congress", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "flammable cabin and space suit materials", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "NASA", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "pure oxygen", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "a sequence of mission types", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "lunar landings", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "letters were used instead of numbers", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "501", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "Article as ballast", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "April 4, 1968", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "fly", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "Grumman", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "unmanned test flight of LM", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "Grumman", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "unmanned test flight", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "fire-in-the-hole", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "Zond 5", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "Christmas Eve", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "George", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "The Soviet Union", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "Neil Armstrong", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "black-and-white", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "July 24", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "Gemini veteran", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "Alan L. Bean", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "removed some parts which they returned to Earth", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "pointed into the Sun", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "Block II spacesuit", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "over three days", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "Lunar Roving Vehicle", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "return to Earth", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "crewed with a single veteran as Commander", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "oxygen tank", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": "April 1970", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": "18 and 19", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": "Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": "John F. Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": "1971", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": "by radiometric dating techniques", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "about 3.2 billion years for the basaltic samples derived from the lunar maria, to about 4.6 billion years", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "geochemical", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "Genesis Rock, retrieved by astronauts David Scott and James Irwin", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "thick", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "all the rocks show evidence of impact process effects. Many samples appear to be pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "near an impact crater", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "$170 billion", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": "$20.4 billion", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": "Apollo X", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "The workshop", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Venus", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "1973", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "complete on the ground", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "Apollo Telescope Mount", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "50 kilometers", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "11", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "the Apollo missions were found to still be standing", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "Apollo 8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "Genesis", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "one-quarter", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit of the Moon. The mission and Christmas", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "special Apollo TV", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "lunar", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "Stan Lebar, who led the team that designed and built the lunar television camera at Westinghouse Electric Corporation, also worked with Nafzger", "5725f239271a42140099d360": "Stan Lebar", "5725f239271a42140099d361": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "Nafzger", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "Australia", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": "Australia, the CBS News archive, and kinescope", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": "Australia, the CBS News archive, and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center. The restored video", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "Australia, the CBS News archive, and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center. The restored video", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "body of treaties and legislation", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "body of treaties and legislation", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "indirect effect", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "primary law, secondary law and supplementary law", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "secondary law and supplementary law", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "body of treaties and legislation", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "three", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "the courts", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "The European Court of Justice", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "international law and general principles of European Union law", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "The European Court of Justice", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "international law and general principles of European Union law", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "Union", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "the courts of member states", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "The European Court of Justice", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "international law and general principles of European Union law", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "the Treaty", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "The European Commission has the initiative to propose legislation. During the ordinary legislative procedure, the Council", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "citizens", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "the supreme judicial body", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "the Commissioners and the board of the European Central Bank. The European Court of Justice", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "Madeira", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "certain regions, for example the Faroe Islands", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "a direct effect", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "subject to international law. Individuals may rely on primary law in the Court of Justice of the European Union if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "Treaties", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "founding treaties, the \"core\" treaties being the Treaty on European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "an unlimited period", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "cannot rule on their validity", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "coal and steel", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "1985", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "Denmark", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Croatia", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "European Union", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1972", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "2013", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "the Nice Treaty", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France and the referendum in the Netherlands", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "enacted", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "enacted", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "not completely replace them.", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "the constitutional law of the European Union", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "the constitutional law", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "Lisbon Treaty", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "Lisbon Treaty was enacted. Its substance was very similar to the proposed constitutional treaty", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "The European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "European Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "Jean-Claude Juncker) sets the agenda for the EU's work", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "Lisbon 2007, there remains one Commissioner for each of the 28", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Federica Mogherini", "572691545951b619008f76e1": "Article 17", "572691545951b619008f76e2": "Jean-Claude Juncker", "572691545951b619008f76e3": "by a simple majority vote", "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland", "572691545951b619008f76e5": "Lisbon", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "Parliament", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "a Commissioner giving her dentist a job", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "ECJ's relaxed approach, a Committee of Independent Experts", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "the European Council", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "Commissioner", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "Edith Cresson", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "ECJ's relaxed approach, a Committee of Independent Experts", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "ECJ's relaxed approach, a Committee of Independent Experts found that a culture", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "2012", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": "amendment and veto during the legislative process", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": "elected representatives", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": "five years", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": "two-thirds", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": "proportional representation or a single transferable vote", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": "Commission", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "European Union", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "1979", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "five years", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "conservative European People's Party", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "second main legislative body is the Council, which is composed of different ministers of the member states", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "Poland", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "352", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "352", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "74 per cent, or 260", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "the Council", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "six months", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "352", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "article 15", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "the Council", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "absolute and qualified majority", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "minority in the Council, and a majority in the Commission", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "TEU articles 4 and 5", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "Justice", "572695285951b619008f774b": "294", "572695285951b619008f774c": "changes, and the Council must vote by qualified majority to approve changes, but by unanimity to block Commission amendment", "572695285951b619008f774d": "TEU articles 4 and 5", "572695285951b619008f774e": "a \"Conciliation Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "judicial", "572658435951b619008f7026": "European Court of Justice", "572658435951b619008f7027": "three years. Under TEU article 19(3", "572658435951b619008f7028": "English Court of Appeal", "572658435951b619008f7029": "European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "by assuming the task of interpreting the treaties", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) is the main judicial body, within which there is a higher European Court of Justice", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "a General Court that deals with issues of detail", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "three years", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "European Union", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "primacy", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "267", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "1968", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "national courts", "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", "5726975c708984140094cb21": "Justice", "572699db5951b619008f7799": "primacy", "572699db5951b619008f779a": "reservations", "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779d": "German constitutional principles", "572699db5951b619008f779c": "constitutional rights and principles (particularly democracy, the rule of law and the social state principles) then it cannot override German law", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "constitutional law concerns the European Union's governance structure, administrative law binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "proportionality", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "constitutional law concerns the European Union", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "1) clear and unambiguous", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "288", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "postal company", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "Treaty provisions", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "Directives themselves", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "4 weeks paid holidays each year, but most member states require more than 28", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "28", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "early 1990s", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "if not central government, it can still be bound by Directives", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "cannot enforce conflicting laws", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "10 years", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "British Gas plc", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "60 and men at 65", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "Fourth", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "incorporations would only be nullified for a fixed list of reasons", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "an insurance fund for employees to claim unpaid wages", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "the European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "fundamental rights", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "since the 1950s", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "the lawfulness of an action", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "onerous", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "since the 1960s", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "European Union law", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "European Union", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "its roots in the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty in European Union law", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "constitutional traditions common to the member states", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "fundamental rights recognised and protected in the constitutions of member states", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "None", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "violating human rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "Human Rights in 1950 and the establishment of the European Court of Human Rights", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "12 December 2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "European Union law", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "the European Court of Justice in relation to European Union measures", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "The Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "40", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "11 of the then 12", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "12 member states", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "Social Chapter", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "1992", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "Labour Party to government in 1997, the UK formally subscribed", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "1997", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "Council Directive", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "1996", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "workforce consultation in businesses", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "Italy", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "1951", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "Article 65 of the agreement banned cartels", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "article 66", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 101", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "the abuse of dominant position", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "106 and 107", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "Article 102", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "since the Treaty of Rome 1957", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "consumer prices", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "free trade", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "Justice", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "balanced", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "imports", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "a Belgian law", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "farmer", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "article 34 by failing to ban a protest that blocked heavy traffic passing over the A13", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "25 per cent was contrary to TFEU article 34", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "France", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2003", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "cocoa butter", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "motorcycles", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "Keck and Mithouard", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "cut throat competition, not to hinder trade", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "bans", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "Unfair Commercial Practices", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "people to pursue their life goals", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "a \"factor of production", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "Steymann v Staatssecretaris van Justitie", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "Mr Steymann was entitled to stay", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "articles 1 to 7", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Jean-Marc Bosman", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "Gaelic", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "incapacity", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "3 and 14", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship of the EU", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "Commission v Austria the Court held that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students to avoid \"structural, staffing and financial problems", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "higher education", "5726c002708984140094d073": "European Union", "5726c002708984140094d074": "article 56", "5726c002708984140094d075": "Stuttgart", "5726c002708984140094d076": "49", "5726c002708984140094d077": "Italy", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "2006", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "European Union", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October 2007", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "2005", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "people", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "social security", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "narcotic drugs", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "restricted the freedom", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "Daily Mail", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "\u00a31", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "\u00a31 of capital to start a company, while Denmark's legislature took the view companies should only be started up if they had 200,000", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "creditor protection", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "\u00dcberseering BV v Nordic Construction GmbH", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Amazonia", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "2,100,000", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "nine", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "four", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "60%", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Portuguese: Floresta Amaz\u00f4nica or Amaz\u00f4nia", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "broadleaf forest", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "Brazil", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "16,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "broadleaf forest", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "nine", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "Brazil", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "390 billion", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent. From 66\u201334 Mya", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "Oligocene", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "Oligocene", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "at the last glacial maximum", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "allowing for the survival and evolution of a broad diversity of species", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "66\u201334 Mya", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "34", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "Oligocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "Oligocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "Oligocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "tropical", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "34 Mya, the rainforest extended as far south as 45\u00b0. Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "tropics", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "Oligocene, for example, the rainforest spanned a relatively narrow band. It expanded again during the Middle Miocene, then retracted to a mostly inland formation", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "34 million", "5725c071271a42140099d127": "mid-Eocene", "5725c071271a42140099d128": "west", "5725c071271a42140099d129": "the Solim\u00f5es", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "10 million years", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "the Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "mid-Eocene", "57283d173acd2414000df790": "the Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df791": "the Atlantic", "57283d173acd2414000df792": "Amazonas Basin", "57283d173acd2414000df793": "Amazonas Basin", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "mid-Eocene", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "mid-Eocene", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "Atlantic", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "lower", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "rainforest was reduced to small, isolated refugia separated by open forest and grassland", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "difficult to resolve", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "reasonably well supported by the available data", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "21,000", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "tropical vegetation cover in the basin", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "biased away from the center of the Amazon basin", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "the basin", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "21,000", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "paleolakes", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "tropical vegetation cover in the basin", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "small, isolated refugia separated by open forest and grassland", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "practical", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "CALIPSO", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "182 million", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "1,600", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "Amazon basin", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "43 million", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "windblown", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "27.7 million tons (15%", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "27.7 million tons (15%", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "75 degrees west longitude", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "average 182 million tons", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "1,600", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "132 million", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Amazonia", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "52", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "agriculture", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "anthropological", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "5 million", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "5 million", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "52", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "Archeologist Betty Meggers was a prominent proponent of this idea, as described in her book Amazonia", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "Betty Meggers", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Amazonia", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "52", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5 million", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "1 million", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "1540", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "Amazon in the 1540s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "between AD 0\u20131250", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "1970s", "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana", "5729edd56aef051400155113": "1542", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "AD 0\u20131250", "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Alceu Ranzi", "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11,000", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "black earth", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "silviculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "Xingu", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "Amazon forest, is now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management. The development of this fertile soil allowed agriculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "silviculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "fertile soil allowed agriculture and silviculture", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "Xingu", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida. Among those were evidence of roads, bridges and large plazas", "5729ef266aef051400155120": "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "Amazon, and one in five of the fish", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "40,000", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "2.5 million", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "128,843", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": "2.5 million", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "five", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40,000", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "2.5 million", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "1,100 tree species. A study in 1999 found one square kilometer (247", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "1,100", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "90,790 tonnes", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "90,790 tonnes", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "438,000", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "16,000", "5729f2646aef051400155131": "1,100", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "90,790 tonnes", "5729f2646aef051400155133": "90,790 tonnes of living plants. The average plant biomass is estimated at 356 \u00b1 47 tonnes", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "1,100", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "black caiman", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "bite and injure humans. Various species of poison", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Malaria, yellow fever and Dengue fever", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "slash and burn method", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "the forest remained basically intact", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "slash and burn method", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "their fields and the crops", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "outer space", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "415,000 to 587,000", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "415,000 to 587,000", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "Amazon, and 91%", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "second-largest", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "91%", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "deforestation", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "increased settlement and deforestation", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "18% higher than in the previous five years (19,018 km2 or 7,343", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "declined", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "22,392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year) was 18%", "572a020f6aef051400155198": "biodiversity that will result from destruction", "572a020f6aef051400155199": "destruction of the forest", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "loss of biodiversity", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "10%", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "1011 metric tonnes", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "reduced rainfall and increased temperatures", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "21st century", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "21st century by climate change in addition to deforestation", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "indigenous territories continue to be destroyed by deforestation", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "have ethno-biology and community-based", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "Urarina", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "Peruvian Amazon indigenous peoples' rainforest communities continue to disappear", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "the basin", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "Amazon", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "Suriname", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "Amazon", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "Amazon", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "Tatiana Kuplich", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "Tatiana Kuplich", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "Tatiana Kuplich", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "Synthetic aperture", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "Brazilian National Institute", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "regional climate", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "irreversibly", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "Brazilian National Institute", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "1,160,000", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "three epicenters", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2010 the Amazon rainforest experienced another severe drought, in some ways more extreme than the 2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "comb jellies", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "marine waters worldwide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "cnidarians", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "singular ctenophore", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "cilia", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "water flow through the body cavity", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "1.5 m (4 ft 11", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "combs\u2019 \u2013 groups of cilia", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "comb jellies", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "1.5 m (4 ft 11", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "water flow through the body cavity", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "cilia", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "marine waters worldwide", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ten", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": "100\u2013150", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": "25", "5725c337271a42140099d163": "100\u2013150", "5725c337271a42140099d164": "tentilla", "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times", "5725c337271a42140099d166": "lack tentacles and prey", "5725c337271a42140099d167": "beroids,", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "tentilla", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "spiders use.", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "sticky cells", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "two", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": "hermaphrodites", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "miniature cydippids", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "juveniles are capable of reproduction before reaching the adult size and shape", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "single animal can produce both eggs and sperm", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate. Some are simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "fertilize its own egg, not needing a mate. Some are simultaneous hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "platyctenids", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "at an explosive rate.", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "single animal can produce both eggs and sperm", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "platyctenids", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "platyctenids", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "Mnemiopsis", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "the Mnemiopsis", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "preys", "5725c69738643c19005accba": "Mnemiopsis", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "Black Sea", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "bays", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "coastal locations", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "planktonic plants", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "Mnemiopsis", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "fish stocks to collapse", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "fishing and long-term environmental changes that promoted the growth of the Mnemiopsis population", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "since the 1980s", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "monophyletic", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "soft, gelatinous bodies, fossils thought to represent ctenophores", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "soft, gelatinous bodies", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "lagerst\u00e4tten", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "extinction", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "monophyletic", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "lagerst\u00e4tten", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "cnidarians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "sponges", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "sponges", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, etc.), and less complex than bilaterians", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "sticky", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "cnidarians", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "colloblasts", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "sticky", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "carpet-like basement", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "sponges", "572647d0708984140094c14b": "mesoglea", "572647d0708984140094c14c": "sponges", "572647d0708984140094c14d": "sponges and cnidarians, ctenophores", "572647d0708984140094c14e": "sponges", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "cilia (\"hairs\") as their main method of locomotion. Most species have eight strips, called comb rows", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "hairs", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "comb-bearing\", from the Greek \u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 (stem-form \u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd-) meaning \"comb", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "cydippid Pleurobrachia", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "phylum with relatively few species, ctenophores", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "to be tough enough to withstand waves and swirling sediment particles", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "phylum with relatively few species, ctenophores", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "epithelium", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "bioluminescence", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "pharynx", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "mouth that can usually be closed by muscles; a pharynx", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "mesoglea to the most active parts of the animal: the mouth and pharynx", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "swimming-plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "ctenes\" or \"comb plates", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "+ 2 pattern, these cilia are arranged in a 9 +", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "direction", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "2 millimeters", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "how ctenophores control their buoyancy, but experiments have shown that some species rely on osmotic pressure", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "the body cavity", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "cavity", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "mesoglea", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "aboral organ", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "opposite end from the mouth", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "a transparent dome made of long, immobile cilia", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "statocyst", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "a balance sensor consisting of a statolith", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "sea gooseberry", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "gooseberry", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "spherical and other times more cylindrical or egg-shaped", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "slender", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "at the narrow end", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "tentilla", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "mushroom-shaped cells", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "elongate", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "tentilla", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "eight rows of combs that run from near the mouth to the opposite end", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "eight rows of combs that run from near the mouth to the opposite end, and are spaced evenly round the body", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "ciliary groove", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "lobes", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "gelatinous projections edged with cilia", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "suspended planktonic prey", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "clapping their lobes", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "clapping", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "passive when moving through the water, using the cilia on their comb rows for propulsion, although Leucothea has long and active auricles", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "mechanically coordinated comb rows of cydippids and beroids", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "Nuda", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "epithelial", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "streamlines", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "Nuda, have no feeding appendages, but their large pharynx", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "Cestida", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Venus' girdle", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "belt animals", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "by undulating their bodies as well as by the beating of their comb-rows", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "faster", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "creep", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "muscular \"foot", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "rocks", "572683075951b619008f7513": "via pores", "572683075951b619008f7514": "internal fertilization", "572683075951b619008f7515": "Mnemiopsis", "572683075951b619008f7516": "the parts of the internal canal network", "572683075951b619008f7517": "platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacles and tentacle sheaths", "572684365951b619008f7540": "flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids, the juveniles behave more like true larvae", "572684365951b619008f7541": "gradually develop the body forms of their parents", "572684365951b619008f7542": "juveniles behave more like true larvae", "572684365951b619008f7543": "tentacle", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "disturbed, they produce secretions (ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "disturbed, they produce secretions (ink", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "more brightly in relation to their body size", "5726887e708984140094c917": "no vegetarians", "5726887e708984140094c918": "jellyfish", "5726887e708984140094c919": "prey", "5726887e708984140094c91a": "smaller, weaker swimmers such as rotifers and mollusc and crustacean larvae", "5726887e708984140094c91b": "Lampea", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "keta", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "jellyfish and turtles", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "jelly-eaters. This is underlined by an observation of herbivorous fishes deliberately feeding on gelatinous", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "jellyfish may temporarily wipe out ctenophore populations. Since ctenophores", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "ballast tanks of ships, and has been blamed for causing sharp drops in fish catches by eating both fish larvae", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "via the ballast tanks of ships", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "leidyi", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "late 1980s", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "the local climate", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "their soft, gelatinous bodies", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "comb jelly", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "mid-Cambrian period", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "Canadian rocks of similar age, about 505 million years ago in the mid-Cambrian", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "515 million years ago", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "Stromatoveris", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "evolutionary \"aunt", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "Ediacaran period", "57269016708984140094ca41": "Cnidaria, Placozoa and Bilateria", "57269016708984140094ca42": "sponges", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "beroids", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "2001, using 26 species, including 4 recently discovered ones, confirmed that the cydippids", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "65.5 million years ago", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard Harbison's purely morphological analysis in 1985 concluded that the cydippids are not monophyletic", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "Fresno", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "170 miles", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "Spanish, and an ash leaf", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "San Joaquin Valley", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "Millerton", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "47", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "Easterby's\u2014by now a hugely productive wheat farm", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "94.0%", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Chinatown", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "Pinedale", "5725d183271a42140099d240": "Fresno Fairgrounds", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "assembly center", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "Fresno", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "BankAmericard in Fresno. After a troubled gestation during which its creator resigned, BankAmericard", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "Fresno", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "September 1958, Bank of America launched a new product called BankAmericard in Fresno", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "Hall Of Fame guitarist Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "Bill Aken", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "Madera", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "Fresno Barn", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Aken", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "three", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "Roeding Park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "Fresno region's park", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "the Shinzen Japanese Gardens", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "Kearney Park", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "1880s", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "San Joaquin Valley's most beautiful architectural buildings. Among them, the original Fresno County Courthouse (demolished), the Fresno Carnegie Public Library", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "San Joaquin Light & Power Building", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "the Hughes", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "Fulton Mall", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "Pierre-Auguste Renoir", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "Fulton Mall to automobile traffic", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "wide sidewalks", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "southeast side", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "1950s", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "new home construction", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William P. Bell", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "the Tower", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "water tower", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Fresno Normal School", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "one-half mile", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "late 1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "neglect and suburban flight, the neighborhood revival", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "1978", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "Fresno", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Evita and The Wiz", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "restaurants, live theater and nightclubs", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "a few hundred feet", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Tower District", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "Tower", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "Tower District is also known as the center of Fresno's local punk/goth/deathrock", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades. The area includes many California Bungalow and American Craftsman style", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Hilliard, Taylor & Wheeler", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "Taylor & Wheeler", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "Huntington Boulevard between First Street on the west to Cedar Avenue", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1914", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "267", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "Huntington", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "Southwest", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "southwest", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "African-American", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "Hmong", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "southwest of the 99 freeway (which divides it from Downtown Fresno), west of the 41 freeway and south of Nielsen Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "palm trees", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "palm", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Fresno Street and Thorne Ave", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "Fresno City Council", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "violent crime", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "between the 1960s", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "Fresno and B streets", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "large processing facilities", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "Fresno Chandler Executive Airport", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "little", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "Ralph Woodward, a long-time Fresno", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "300", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "2,500", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "2005", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "William Smilie", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "automobiles", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "Developer William Smilie", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "dry", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "81%", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "northwest", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "January and February", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "115 \u00b0F", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "July 8, 1905", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "1885", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "2 inches", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "3.55 inches", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "494,665", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "245,306 (49.6%", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "62,528", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "30.0%", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "1,700", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "69,284", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "11,698 (7.4%", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "1,388", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "3.62", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "3.62", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "427,652", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "149,025", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "50.2% White, 8.4%", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "11.2% Asian (about a third", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "4,097.9 people per square mile", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "very first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting was KMJ-TV", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "KMJ-TV", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "June 1, 1953", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "NBC affiliate KSEE", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "KGPE", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "Route 99", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "Sierra Freeway", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "Sierra Freeway, heads east to the city of Clovis and Huntington Lake. State Route 41", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "west", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "1950s", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "interstate standards and eventually incorporate it into the interstate system", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "raising population and traffic in cities", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Amtrak San Joaquins", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Downtown Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "Pacific Railroad", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "San Joaquin Valley Railroad also operates former Southern Pacific branchlines", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "American computer scientist", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "Paul Baran", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "ARPANET", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "coining the modern name packet", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "American computer scientist", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "to provide a fault-tolerant", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "Davies", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "paradigm, circuit", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "by a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "principal networking paradigm, circuit", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "cellular communication services", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "Packet", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "without intermediate forwarding nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "by intermediate network nodes", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "10BASE5", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "without intermediate forwarding nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad300": "by intermediate network nodes", "5726356938643c19005ad301": "10BASE5", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "adaptive message block switching", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "Baran", "5726249538643c19005ad081": "three key ideas", "5726249538643c19005ad082": "by store and forward switching", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "B-265, later published as RAND", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "packets", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "adaptive message block", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "three key ideas", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "Baran", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "it packet", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "a nationwide network", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "ARPANET", "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies", "5726378238643c19005ad314": "packet", "5726378238643c19005ad315": "ARPANET", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "individually", "5726385e271a42140099d799": "complete addressing information. The packets are routed individually, sometimes resulting in different paths and out-of-order delivery", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "a destination address, source address, and port numbers", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "The packet header can be small", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "they are delivered in order and with error checking. Address information is only transferred to each node during the connection set-up phase", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "set-up phase", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "transmission", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "handshake", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "Internet Protocol", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "a data link layer protocol", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "IP over ATM", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "1969", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "protocol suite uses this network type", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "Datagram Protocol (UDP", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "protocol suite", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "AppleTalk", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "AppleTalk", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "AppleTalk system automatically assigned addresses", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "AppleTalk system automatically assigned addresses, updated the distributed namespace, and configured any required inter-network routing. It was a plug-n-play", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "Louis Pouzin", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "Louis Pouzin", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "It was the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "ARPANET architecture", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "a suite of network protocols", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "Digital Equipment Corporation", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "three", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "Digital Equipment Corporation. However, DECnet Phase II", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "high-level marketing manager", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago, and Phoenix", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "Warner was right", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "high-level marketing manager", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "East Lansing", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "Merit", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "public data network", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "X", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "ARPANET technology but changed the host interface to X", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "GTE", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "Mr. Tyme", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "dial-up connections or dedicated async", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "dial-up connections or dedicated async", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "dial-up users and a private network", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "government agencies and large companies (mostly banks and airlines", "572643de5951261400b5195a": "two", "572643de5951261400b5195b": "Bell Northern Research", "572643de5951261400b5195c": "interconnection of national X.25 networks", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "Australian public X.25 network operated by Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "Australian public X.25 network operated by Telstra. Started by Telecom Australia", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "remote terminal access to academic institutions", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "public switched data network operated by the Dutch PTT Telecom", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "KPN", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "Dutch PTT Telecom", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "KPN", "5726462b708984140094c117": "National Science Foundation", "5726462b708984140094c118": "to extend networking benefits", "5726462b708984140094c119": "authorization limitations", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "Abilene", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "Qwest", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "Abilene", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "Qwest", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "Abilene", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "National Science Foundation Network", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "advanced research and education networking in the United States", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "National Science Foundation Network", "572648d1708984140094c15d": "high-speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS) came on line in April 1995 as part of a National Science Foundation", "572648d1708984140094c15e": "high-speed Backbone Network Service", "572648d1708984140094c15f": "MCI", "572648d1708984140094c160": "100", "572648d1708984140094c161": "The vBNS", "57264684708984140094c123": "arid plains of Central Asia", "57264684708984140094c124": "30\u201360%", "57264684708984140094c125": "30\u201360%", "57264684708984140094c126": "14th century. The world population as a whole did not recover to pre-plague levels until the 17th century", "57264684708984140094c127": "until the 17th century", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "Yersinia pestis", "572647935951b619008f6eca": "1338", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "China", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": "1331", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "25 million", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "Genoese traders", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "Jani Beg", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "Jani Beg", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "port city of Kaffa", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "Black Death", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "northwest across Europe", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "Italy", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "Russia", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "Norway", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "1349", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "pandemic", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "autumn 1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "1347", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "north", "57264a74708984140094c18b": "Gasquet (1908) claimed that the Latin name atra mors", "57264a74708984140094c18c": "Gasquet (1908) claimed that the Latin name atra mors", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "mors", "57264a74708984140094c18e": "1823", "57264a74708984140094c18f": "medieval epidemic was first called the Black Death", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "king of France that blamed the heavens", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "king of France", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "Miasma theory", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "Miasma theory", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "19th-century", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Alexandre", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "Y. pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "Yersinia pestis", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "Francis Aidan Gasquet", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "Justinian", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "1908", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "historian Francis Aidan", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "Justinian", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "90 to 95 percent", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "80 percent", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "30\u201375%", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "purple skin patches", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "October 2010", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "open-access scientific journal", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "Drancourt and Raoult in 1998. They assessed the presence of DNA/RNA with Polymerase Chain Reaction", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "northern, central and southern Europe", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "open-access scientific journal PLoS Pathogens published a paper by a multinational team who undertook a new investigation into the role of Yersinia pestis", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "clades", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "medieval mass graves. These clades (which are thought to be extinct) were found to be ancestral to modern isolates", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "second wave of plague, different from those in Britain and France", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "around November 1347", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "spring of 1349", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "The results of the Haensch study have since been confirmed and amended. Based on genetic evidence derived from Black Death victims", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "East Smithfield burial site in England", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "ancestral to most modern strains of the disease", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "October 2011", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "British bacteriologist J. F. D. Shrewsbury", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "modern bubonic", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "modern bubonic plague", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "zoologist", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "David Herlihy", "5726516a708984140094c223": "epidemiological account of the plague is as important as an identification of symptoms, but researchers are hampered by the lack of reliable statistics", "5726516a708984140094c224": "lack of reliable statistics from this period. Most work has been done on the spread of the plague in England", "5726516a708984140094c225": "over 100%", "5726516a708984140094c226": "the clergy", "5726516a708984140094c227": "between the time of publication of the Domesday Book and the year 1377", "57265285708984140094c25b": "DNA results may be flawed", "57265285708984140094c25c": "via fleas in goods was likely to be of marginal significance", "57265285708984140094c25d": "too cold in northern Europe for the survival of fleas", "57265285708984140094c25e": "Black Death", "57265285708984140094c25f": "5 to 15", "5726534d708984140094c26d": "fleas on rats", "5726534d708984140094c26e": "anthrax", "5726534d708984140094c26f": "typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections", "5726534d708984140094c270": "additional septicemic", "5726534d708984140094c271": "25", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "40%", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "Half", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "buried", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": "100,000", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": "contagion", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "14th to 17th centuries", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "Geoffrey Parker, \"France alone lost almost a million people to the plague in the epidemic of 1628\u201331.\"", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "almost a million", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "England", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "1350", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "10\u201315% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479\u201380 could have been as high as 20%", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "1665", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": "40,000", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": "Oslo", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": "troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "1654", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "22 times between 1361 and 1528. The plague of 1576\u201377 killed 50,000", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": "1.7 million", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "about half of Naples' 300,000 inhabitants. More than 1.25 million", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "half", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "Sweden v. Russia", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "1720", "5726577f708984140094c301": "1850", "5726577f708984140094c302": "30 to 50 thousand", "5726577f708984140094c303": "42", "5726577f708984140094c304": "thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "magma and/or lava", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "redeposited and lithified into a sedimentary rock", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "magma", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "heat and pressure that change the mineral content of the rock which gives it a characteristic fabric", "57265d08708984140094c397": "seafloor", "57265d08708984140094c398": "rigid upper", "57265d08708984140094c399": "lithosphere", "57265d08708984140094c39a": "upper thermal boundary layer of the convecting mantle", "57265d08708984140094c39b": "1960s", "57265f605951b619008f70db": "Arcs of volcanoes and earthquakes", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "Transform boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "Andreas fault system, resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes. Plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70de": "Alfred Wegener", "57265f605951b619008f70df": "single theory of how the lithosphere moves over the convecting", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "seismic waves in reverse to image the interior of the Earth. Early advances in this field showed the existence of a liquid outer core", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "more dynamic model", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "crust and lithosphere on top, the mantle below (separated within itself by seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 kilometers", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "inner core", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "crust and lithosphere", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "third, and fourth timelines", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "the Quaternary is a very short period with short epochs", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "Holocene", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "fourth scale. The Pleistocene (P) epoch. Q", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut. Faults are younger", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "penetrates", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "the key bed", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "the formations", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "xenoliths", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "clasts) are found in a formation", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "clasts", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "if inclusions (or clasts", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "faunal succession", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "William Smith", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "facies change in sedimentary strata), and that not all fossils may be found globally at the same time", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "a relative age", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought. The principle becomes quite complex", "57266c015951b619008f7237": "the 20th century", "57266c015951b619008f7238": "stratigraphic", "57266c015951b619008f7239": "absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723a": "absolute ages", "57266c015951b619008f723b": "old relative ages into new absolute ages", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "pluton emplacement", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "temperature", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "isotope", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "stratigraphic sequence", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "horizontal", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "brittle", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "anticlines and synclines", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "Extension", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "boudins", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "over a length of less than a meter. Rocks", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "metamorphosed", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner", "572673f5708984140094c69b": "Dikes", "572673f5708984140094c69c": "lava tube of a volcano", "572673f5708984140094c69d": "topographic", "572673f5708984140094c69e": "sediment", "572673f5708984140094c69f": "Deformational", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "basaltic lava flows", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "northwestern Canada", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "emplacement and rock deformation", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "Cambrian time. Other areas are much more geologically complex. In the southwestern United States, sedimentary, volcanic, and intrusive rocks", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "northwestern Canada", "572677e7708984140094c723": "the study of rocks", "572677e7708984140094c724": "the study of sedimentary layers), and structural geology", "572677e7708984140094c725": "layers", "572677e7708984140094c726": "stratigraphy", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "identify rock samples", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "microprobe", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "geochemical evolution of rock units", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "laboratory", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "electron microprobe", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "metamorphic", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "Structural geologists use microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples to observe the fabric", "57267d52708984140094c7da": "microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples", "57267d52708984140094c7db": "plot and combine measurements of geological structures in order", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": "analog and numerical", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "lower", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "all angles remain the same) orogenic wedge", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "erosion and uplift in the mountain belt", "57268066708984140094c821": "Stratigraphers also analyze data from geophysical surveys", "57268066708984140094c822": "Geophysical data and well logs", "57268066708984140094c823": "stratigraphic units in the subsurface. Geophysical data and well logs", "57268066708984140094c824": "reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments", "57268066708984140094c825": "water, coal", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "Geochronologists", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "biostratigraphers analyze rock samples from outcrop", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "stratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geochronologists", "572683f95951b619008f7525": "Persia", "572683f95951b619008f7526": "al-Rayhan al-Biruni", "572683f95951b619008f7527": "stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean", "572683f95951b619008f7528": "polymath Shen Kuo", "572683f95951b619008f7529": "deposition of silt", "57268527708984140094c8bf": "James Hutton", "57268527708984140094c8c0": "geologist", "57268527708984140094c8c1": "1795", "57268527708984140094c8c2": "Theory of the Earth to the Royal Society of Edinburgh", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "William Maclure", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "1809 by William Maclure. In 1807", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1807", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "Geology", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "American Philosophical Society", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "Principles of Geology", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "Hutton", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Sir Charles Lyell", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "277 miles", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "103 miles", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": "Eurocities", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": "Northumberland", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": "Geordie", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "Robert Curthose", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": "wool", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": "United football club; and the Tyne Bridge", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": "16th", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": "the Great North Run", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "Pons Aelius", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "the River Tyne", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": "2,000", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "Vallum", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "Pictish", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": "England's northern fortress. Incorporated first by Henry II", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": "Elizabeth", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": "7.6 m", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": "William the Lion", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": "three", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "coal from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "a pointless pursuit", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "eccentric, defied this idiom", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": "ruin", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "knit community of keelmen and their families", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": "waiting colliers", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": "7,000", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": "47%", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "epidemic", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": "the King", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "Newcastle and the Tyne", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "drummes", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "a brave defence", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "Charles I", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": "Victorian industrial revolution brought industrial structures", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": "Maling", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": "incandescent lightbulb", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "heavy engineering were central", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": "steam turbine", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": "medieval street layout. Narrow alleys or 'chares", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": "Narrow alleys", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": "Stairs", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "modern buildings", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "Lloyds Quayside Bars, Derwentwater House", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": "Tyneside Classical largely developed in the 1830s by Richard Grainger and John Dobson", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "England's best-looking city and the late German-born British scholar of architecture, Nikolaus Pevsner, describes Grey Street", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": "Grey Street", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": "1960s", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "Shopping Centre", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "the Town Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "United Football Club's ground", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "The Hopping", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": "June", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "freemen", "57267076708984140094c601": "Large-scale regeneration", "57267076708984140094c602": "Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c603": "Newcastle and Gateshead Quaysides", "57267076708984140094c604": "NewcastleGateshead", "57267076708984140094c605": "ten", "572671165951b619008f72b7": "the Grainger Town area. Established on classical streets built by Richard Grainger", "572671165951b619008f72b8": "1835 and 1842", "572671165951b619008f72b9": "four", "572671165951b619008f72ba": "244", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "latticed-steel arches", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": "1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": "2000", "572671e55951b619008f72da": "1835", "572671e55951b619008f72db": "I or II", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": "oceanic", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "North Atlantic Drift", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": "Atlantic Drift", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": "32.5 \u00b0C (90.5 \u00b0F) during August 1990 down to \u221212.6 \u00b0C (9.3 \u00b0F) during January 1982", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": "Scandinavia", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": "2010", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": "Eldon Square", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": "Emerson Bainbridge", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "Bainbridge\u2019s official ledgers reported revenue by department", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": "2007", "5726769c708984140094c711": "Grainger Street", "5726769c708984140094c712": "Tesco store in the United Kingdom is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle. Close to Newcastle", "5726769c708984140094c713": "Tesco", "5726769c708984140094c714": "Gosforth and Byker", "5726769c708984140094c715": "Gateshead", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "Tyneside", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "terraces", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": "Tyneside flat", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": "high density without building high and getting rid of common areas", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "Robert Sakula were attracted by the possibilities of high density", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": "7.8%", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": "5.9%", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "Liverpool", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "Tunbridge Wells", "572679c35951b619008f73db": "259,000", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "metropolitan borough of Newcastle had a population of around 259,000", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": "1,650,000", "572679c35951b619008f73de": "Northumbria Universities in the local area. Areas with predominant student populations include Jesmond and Heaton", "572679c35951b619008f73df": "student populations", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": "37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "37.8", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": "Reiver", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": "500 and 2,000", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": "1%", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": "Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": "Anglo-Saxon populations", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "Newcastle", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "larn\" (from the Anglo-Saxon \"laeran", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "larn", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": "Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "Northern United Kingdom", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "bounce", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "Canny", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": "netty\" (\"toilet", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "Ear Institute", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "noisiest", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "80", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": "the health", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "arbitrarily selected locations, which in Newcastle's case included a motorway underpass without pedestrian access", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": "high-end bars, Neville Street", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "The Gate\" has opened in the city centre", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": "12", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "Pink Triangle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": "a range of bars", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": "Stephen Kemble", "57267f695951b619008f74be": "Stephen Kemble", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": "Newcastle", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": "21 January 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": "Mosley Street. It was demolished to make way for Grey Street", "5726800add62a815002e8750": "The city still contains many theatres", "5726800add62a815002e8751": "John and Benjamin Green", "5726800add62a815002e8752": "Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": "Mill Volvo Tyne Theatre", "5726800add62a815002e8754": "the arts capital of the UK in a survey conducted by the Artsworld TV channel", "572680865951b619008f74e7": "Lit & Phil')", "572680865951b619008f74e8": "8000", "572680865951b619008f74e9": "Lit & Phil", "572680865951b619008f74ea": "Joseph Swan", "572680865951b619008f74eb": "Joseph Swan", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": "The Newcastle Beer Festival", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "April", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "a music festival", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "Newcastle Beer Festival", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "2", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "The Hoppings", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "Newcastle Town Moor every June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": "Temperance", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "a cycling festival", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "Leazes Park and in the city's Gay Community in mid July. The Ouseburn Festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": "Mela", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": "Norman Foster designed Sage Gateshead Music and Arts Centre", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "Mela", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "East Asian cultural festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": "Mela", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": "folk-rock", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "1971", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": "Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": "Skyclad", "5726847f708984140094c8af": "Martin Walkyier thrash metal band, Sabbat", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": "2006", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": "Old Town Hall", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": "three", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "the United Kingdom's last surviving news cinema still in full-time operation", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": "dedicated education and teaching suites", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": "Newcastle", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "Tyneside", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": "shipbuilding", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": "2009", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": "Tyne Museum of Antiquities merged with the Great North Museum (Hancock Museum); Seven Stories a museum", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": "Get Carter", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": "noir", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": "Mike Figgis", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": "Mike Figgis", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": "Gosforth Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": "a horse racing course at Gosforth Park. The city is also home to the Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": "Newcastle Diamonds", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "Gosforth Park", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "Blaydon", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": "6 miles", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "Newcastle International Airport", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": "20 minutes", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "five million", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "90", "572689385951b619008f761b": "transforming the 19th century public portico", "572689385951b619008f761c": "six", "572689385951b619008f761d": "Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761e": "Robert Stephenson", "572689385951b619008f761f": "Manors", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "about three hours", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": "three", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": "Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": "CrossCountry trains", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": "Northern Rail", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": "underground", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": "five", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": "A bridge was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle and Gateshead", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": "Gateshead", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": "37 million", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "Metro", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "smart ticketing", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "North Shields). In addition; tracks, signalling and overhead wires", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "the procurement", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": "trams", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "Gateshead Newcastle Western Bypass", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": "A68", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "the old \"Great North Road\"", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "the Tyne Tunnel", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "Tyne Tunnel", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "3", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "two", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": "Durham. Stagecoach", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": "Haymarket Bus Station providing the majority of services to the north of Newcastle, Northumberland and North Tyneside", "57269120708984140094ca59": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": "city congestion", "57269120708984140094ca5b": "healthy living\u2026 The authority also has infrastructure", "57269120708984140094ca5c": "one way streets", "57269120708984140094ca5d": "national networks", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "IJmuiden", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": "Stavanger, Norway", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": "late 2008", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": "Thomson", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": "eleven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": "seven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": "Newcastle College is the largest general further education college in the North East and is a beacon status college", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": "Catholic", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": "two", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": "Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Newcastle University", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "Northumbria University", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "Northumbria", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": "UK), by the IT industry magazine Computing", "572699b55951b619008f778f": "three", "572699b55951b619008f7790": "1882", "572699b55951b619008f7791": "Coptic Cathedral", "572699b55951b619008f7792": "St Thomas the Martyr which is the only parish church", "572699b55951b619008f7793": "parish churches", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "St Andrew", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "1726", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "Hexham", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": "the last of the ancient churchyards", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": "The church tower", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": "City Road", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "Watermark business park", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": "BBC North East and Cumbria", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "Barrack Road, Spital Tongues, in a building known, as the result of its colouring", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": "BBC Radio Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "NE1fm", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "Lollipop", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": "1951", "57269d745951b619008f77da": "Lollipop station based at the Great North Children's Hospital in the Newcastle Royal Victoria Infirmary", "57269d745951b619008f77db": "Great North Children's Hospital in the Newcastle Royal Victoria Infirmary", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": "1709", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Archbishop of Westminster", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "George Stephenson", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "steam turbine", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "Thailand", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": "Rutherford Grammar School", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": "Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "David Scott Cowper, Nobel Prize", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "Northumbrian smallpipes", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "Peter Higgs", "5726710b708984140094c61d": "the Brompton district", "5726710b708984140094c61e": "4.5 million", "5726710b708984140094c61f": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c620": "Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", "572680ac708984140094c83d": "the Brompton district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea", "572680ac708984140094c83e": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": "Queen Victoria and Prince", "572680ac708984140094c840": "the Department for Culture", "572680ac708984140094c841": "2001", "57268294708984140094c877": "12.5", "57268294708984140094c878": "145", "57268294708984140094c879": "5,000", "57268294708984140094c87a": "East Asian", "57268294708984140094c87b": "post-classical sculpture", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "the Great Exhibition of 1851", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "Henry Cole", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": "the Museum of Manufactures", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "Somerset House", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": "Gottfried Semper", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": "Queen Victoria", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": "22 June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": "George Wallis", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": "1949", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": "between September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": "nearly a million", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "the Council of Industrial Design", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": "British industry", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": "1948", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "young people, the V&A became the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": "young people, the V&A became the first museum in Britain", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": "Roy", "572691d7708984140094ca70": "British", "57269656708984140094cafd": "Dundee City Council", "57269656708984140094cafe": "\u00a376 million", "57269656708984140094caff": "the city's waterfront", "57269656708984140094cb00": "fashion, architecture, product design, graphic arts and photography", "57269656708984140094cb01": "2015", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": "Brompton", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": "Sheepshanks Gallery", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "Captain Francis Fowke, Royal Engineers, who was appointed by Cole. The next major expansions", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": "1862", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "Sheepshanks Gallery. On the very northern edge of the site is situated the Secretariat Wing", "57269c06708984140094cba1": "Owen Jones", "57269c06708984140094cba2": "Italian Renaissance", "57269c06708984140094cba3": "Owen Jones", "57269c06708984140094cba4": "Isaac Newton", "57269c06708984140094cba5": "Renaissance", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": "Philip Webb and William Morris", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": "Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "Edward Burne-Jones", "57269d68708984140094cbda": "Alfred Stevens", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Sir Edward Poynter", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": "Royal Engineers", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": "science schools", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "Cadeby stone the steps are 7 feet", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "north west of the garden", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": "2008", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": "Godfrey Sykes, although sgraffito", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": "F. W. Moody", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": "southeast of the garden", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": "south side of the garden", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": "Sir John Taylor", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": "Aston Webb", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "red brick and Portland stone", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "720 feet", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "an open work crown surmounted by a statue of fame, a feature of late Gothic architecture and a feature common in Scotland", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "crown surmounted by a statue of fame", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": "Alfred Drury", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "Webb", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": "marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "Prince Albert", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": "south-west", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": "Henry Cole wing", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": "boiler house", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": "Christopher Hay and Douglas Coyne", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "the Spiral", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": "Silver Gallery, Contemporary", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "the Victorian floors were covered in linoleum", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "Gareth Hoskins", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": "South Kensington", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "Ji\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": "Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": "Kim Wilkie", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": "elliptical", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "elliptical", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": "American Sweetgum tree", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "Royal Institute of British Architects", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "600,000", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": "RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "700,000", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": "Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "The RIBA's holdings of over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "330", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": "Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": "c1600 from Bishopsgate with elaborately carved wood work and leaded windows, a rare survivor of the Great Fire", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "c1600 from Bishopsgate with elaborately carved wood work and leaded windows, a rare survivor of the Great Fire of London", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": "c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": "Montal", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "Alhambra", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "19,000", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": "Spain", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": "1909", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "60,000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": "10,000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "60,000 objects, including about 10,000 textiles and 6000", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": "1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": "Jawaharlal Nehru gallery", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "70,000", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "Japan and Korea", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": "Tsui", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": "1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "70,000", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": "Cloisonn\u00e9", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": "1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": "13th-century sculpture", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "Suzuki Chokichi's bronze incense burner", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "koro", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": "14th", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "Himalayan kingdoms and South East Asia", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "wood and bronze", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": "mother-of-pearl", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": "ivory", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "three parchment", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "Leonardo da Vinci's note books. The Codex consists of three parchment-bound manuscripts, Forster I, Forster II", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "18,000", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": "1876", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": "1876", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": "Charles Dickens", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "Charles Dickens and Beatrix Potter. Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from the 12th to 16th centuries include: the Eadwine Psalter", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "12th", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "Joan of Arc, Rouen", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": "Lucas Horenbout", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": "Word and Image Department", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": "card", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": "cataloging system", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "those were newly accessioned into the collection, probably do not show up in the computer system", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "Albert Museum web-site called \"Search the Collections", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": "2007", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "Factory", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": "Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": "15,000", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": "catalog everything", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": "patrons", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": "Asia", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": "Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": "Horace Walpole", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": "porcelain, cloth and wallpaper", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": "increase in tea drinking", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "wider", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": "John Ruskin", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "Victorian era new technology", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "John Ruskin", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": "Trajan", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": "half", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": "David", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": "friezes and tombs", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "friezes and tombs", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": "1731", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": "Frederick II", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": "1762", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": "1909", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": "Chinese and Japanese ceramics", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": "Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach as well as Mintons & Royal Doulton", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": "Spain", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": "jugs and candlesticks", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": "Turkey", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": "Iznik pottery from Turkey", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": "4000", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": "6000", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": "Ancient Egypt", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": "Ren\u00e9 Lalique", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": "Louis Comfort Tiffany and \u00c9mile Gall\u00e9, the Art Deco", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": "1994", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": "Danny Lane", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": "2004", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": "Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": "13th-century", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": "10,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": "10,000 British and 2,000", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": "British artists", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "British", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "British", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "1,442 costumes and items", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": "Image", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "first significant gifts of costume", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "Harrods", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": "178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": "178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": "Pierre Cardin", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": "Italian and French Renaissance", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": "between 1859", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "cassone", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1882", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "\u00a3250,000", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": "1580", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": "Hans Vredeman de Vries", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": "1861", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": "Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "Ernest Gimson", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "6000", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "Egypt", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": "1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": "154", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": "Judith Bollinger", "5726ee28708984140094d656": "secular and sacred covering both Christian (Roman Catholic, Anglican and Greek Orthodox) and Jewish liturgical vessels and items. The main silver gallery", "5726ee28708984140094d657": "1496", "5726ee28708984140094d658": "8 tonnes", "5726ee28708984140094d659": "Sir George Gilbert Scott in 1862 for the chancel", "5726ee28708984140094d655": "10,000", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": "c1110", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": "gilt bronze", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "St Thomas Becket, made from gilt copper, with enamelled scenes of the saint's martyrdom", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "c1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": "gilt copper", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "5,100", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": "Chris Smith asking Parliament about the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "the museum", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": "35", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "2010", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": "6800", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "1130 British and 650", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": "1130", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "Queen Elizabeth II", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": "Andr\u00e9s Marzal De Sax", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": "1857", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": "233", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "donated 233 paintings", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": "Isabel", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "233", "5726f755708984140094d737": "continental", "5726f755708984140094d738": "Madame de Pompadour", "5726f755708984140094d739": "Carlo Crivelli", "5726f755708984140094d73a": "galleries of continental art 1600\u20131800, including the portrait of Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'Alen\u00e7on", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": "Eadweard Muybridge", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": "1887", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": "781", "5726f90b708984140094d760": "Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of Animal Locomotion of 1887, this consists of 781 plates", "5726f90b708984140094d761": "James Lafayette's society", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "post-classical European sculpture", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": "22,000", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "400 AD", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": "tomb and memorial", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": "National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Valerio Cioli", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "Chancel", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "Chancel", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence dated 1493", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": "St John the Baptist", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": "World War I", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": "St John the Baptist", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": "British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "Nicholas Stone", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "British Galleries", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": "British Galleries", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": "Dorothy and Michael Hintze", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": "2006", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": "Minotaur", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": "Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": "Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "more than 53,000", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": "European though all populated continents", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "early silks", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "western European", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": "technique", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "St Gereon", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": "15th", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "woven in the Netherlands", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": "the hunting of various animals", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "Sheldon & Mortlake", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": "late 14th-century", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": "Marion Dorn", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": "1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": "Marion Dorn", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": "Marion Dorn. From the same period there is a rug designed by Serge Chermayeff", "57270817708984140094d8c7": "the Theatre Museum", "57270817708984140094d8c8": "2009", "57270817708984140094d8c9": "the Theatre Museum", "57270817708984140094d8ca": "V&A Theatre & Performance galleries", "57270817708984140094d8cb": "research", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "Conservation", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "temperature and light", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "interventive", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "A Museum of Childhood. The conservators specialise in particular areas of conservation", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "assessments", "57267b755951b619008f7433": "Disney\u2013ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company", "57267b755951b619008f7434": "1957", "57267b755951b619008f7435": "Manhattan", "57267b755951b619008f7436": "Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", "57267b755951b619008f7437": "Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": "October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": "October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": "ESPN", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": "Walt Disney Company", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": "over 232", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": "Citadel Broadcasting", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": "eight", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "Radio-television", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": "Citadel Broadcasting", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": "electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "NBC Blue and NBC Red", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": "the major cities", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": "Blue Network was created in 1927 for the primary purpose of testing", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "Blue", "572681ab708984140094c85d": "Federal Communications Commission", "572681ab708984140094c85e": "1938", "572681ab708984140094c85f": "1940", "572681ab708984140094c860": "NBC Red Network was the principal radio network", "572681ab708984140094c861": "NBC Blue", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": "Mark Woods", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": "NBC Blue Network", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": "Dillon, Read & Co. (which was later acquired by the Swiss Bank Corporation in 1997) offered $7.5 million", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": "David Sarnoff", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": "$7.5 million", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "October 12, 1943", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "George B. Storer", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "president", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "June 30, 1951", "57268739708984140094c8ed": "CBS", "57268739708984140094c8ee": "Paul Whiteman", "57268739708984140094c8ef": "suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy", "57268739708984140094c8f0": "Bing Crosby", "57268739708984140094c8f1": "CBS", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "33%", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": "free-to-air channel", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": "September 8, 2007", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": "the company's attempt to develop ABC International", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": "United States", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": "1959", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "satellite television", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "Japan and Latin America", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "Japan and Latin America", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "Leonard Goldenson", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "Nihon Educational Television in 1957. Goldenson", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "CBS", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": "due to respective issues with technical problems and flight delays", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": "Peanuts", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "American Music Awards, Disney Parks Christmas Day Parade, Tournament of Roses Parade, Country Music Association Awards and the CMA Music Festival", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "Academy", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "Charlie Brown", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": "Ryan Seacrest", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": "1956", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "1999", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": "channel TLC", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": "soap opera General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": "1975", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": "General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": "The Chew", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": "1963", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": "ESPN", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": "2006", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "2006", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": "ESPN", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "summer", "5726e860708984140094d579": "Frank Marx", "5726e860708984140094d57a": "low-band VHF frequencies (corresponding to channels 2 through 6", "5726e860708984140094d57b": "1947", "5726e860708984140094d57c": "VHF", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": "108", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "two", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": "DuMont", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": "CBS", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": "movie theater operator United Paramount Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": "movie theater operator United Paramount Theatres", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": "nine", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": "CBS", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": "CBS", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": "Leonard Goldenson", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": "William S. Paley", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": "June 6, 1951", "5726ed12708984140094d645": "1952", "5726ed12708984140094d646": "February 9, 1953", "5726ed12708984140094d647": "February 9, 1953", "5726ed12708984140094d648": "Manhattan", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "August 1", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": "May 5, 1949", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": "Mount Wilson", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "$2.5 million to convert 20 acres", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": "September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": "September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": "counterprogramming", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "September 30, 1960", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": "1959", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": "NBC", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": "1961", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": "1985", "572734af708984140094dae3": "dot", "572734af708984140094dae4": "Troika Design Group", "572734af708984140094dae5": "black-and-yellow", "572734af708984140094dae6": "dot", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": "Pittard Sullivan", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "2015", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "We Love TV", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": "old four-note theme tune is still used by ABC on Demand to the beginning of the ABC show", "572736625951b619008f86d1": "94", "572736625951b619008f86d2": "1993", "572736625951b619008f86d3": "1983", "572736625951b619008f86d4": "Special Feeling", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": "1977", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": "black", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "black", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": "Paul Rand", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": "the Bauhaus", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": "Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1962", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": "Disney\u2013ABC was considering a sale of ABC Radio", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": "October 19, 2005", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": "six", "57273954708984140094db05": "2004", "57273954708984140094db06": "CBS", "57273954708984140094db07": "Anne Sweeney", "57273954708984140094db08": "NASCAR", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": "Michael Eisner", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": "Bachelor", "57273a0d708984140094db10": "The Bachelorette", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": "Warner", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": "ABC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "NBC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": "April 30, 2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": "2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": "WB", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": "CBS", "57273c195951b619008f8721": "August 1999", "57273c195951b619008f8722": "Regis Philbin", "57273c195951b619008f8723": "Meredith Vieira", "57273c195951b619008f8724": "Meredith Vieira", "57273d19708984140094db3d": "July 31, 1995", "57273d19708984140094db3e": "Walt Disney Company", "57273d19708984140094db3f": "Los Angeles independent station KCAL-TV to Young Broadcasting for $387 million. On April 4, Disney", "57273d19708984140094db40": "Robert Iger", "57273d19708984140094db41": "Sports Night", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": "1965\u201366", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": "Goldenson", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": "The Untold Story Behind the Rise of ABC\", \"in the middle of a war [where] the battlefield was Wall Street", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": "May 1, 1953", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": "7 West 66th Street, one block away from Central Park", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": "Baltimore", "57273f9d708984140094db51": "Robert Kintner", "57273f9d708984140094db52": "DuMont", "57273f9d708984140094db53": "ABC-DuMont", "57273f9d708984140094db54": "$5 million", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": "Paramount Pictures. ABC's merger with UPT led to the creation of relationships with Hollywood's film production studios", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": "Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": "prime time comedy in U.S. television history", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": "Casablanca; Cheyenne (adapted from the 1947 film Wyoming Kid); Sugarfoot", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": "Sugarfoot", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": "Walt Disney", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": "wheel series Warner Bros", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": "Roy contacted Goldenson", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": "$500,000", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": "1954", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": "Disneyland", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": "Allen Shaw", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": "Harold L. Neal", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "LOVE Radio\"", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": "seven", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": "1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": "David Wolper", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "September 1969", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": "$400,000", "572743fb708984140094db93": "early 1970s", "572743fb708984140094db94": "CBS and NBC", "572743fb708984140094db95": "demographic", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": "Monday Night", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": "1970", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": "2006", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "15%\u201316%", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": "1970", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": "1972", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "Worldvision was sold to a consortium", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": "Congress", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": "April 1970", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": "Henry Plitt", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": "Elton Rule", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": "1966", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": "anthology series Love, American Style), as well as several soap operas", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": "developing youth-oriented programming", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": "Paramount Pictures", "572748745951b619008f87b1": "Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b2": "Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b3": "Fred Pierce", "572748745951b619008f87b4": "November 3, 1975", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": "president", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": "Laverne & Shirley", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": "jiggle", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": "Alex Haley", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": "Aaron Spelling", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": "nine", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "1976\u201377", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": "Billy Crystal", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "Roone Arledge", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": "new ABC News in addition to being president of ABC Sports", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "7 Lincoln Square", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "June 1979", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "June 1978", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "Hugh Downs", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "Barbara Walters", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "MCA", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "a 24-hour", "57274cac708984140094dbde": "24-hour", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": "WJRT-TV and WTVG in Toledo", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "Flint, Michigan affiliate WJRT-TV and WTVG", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "Writers Guild of America strike", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "game show Duel", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": "Disney", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "Entertainment", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": "new division", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": "Disney\u2013ABC Television Group merged ABC Entertainment and ABC Studios", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": "iTunes", "57274f07708984140094dbed": "2004", "57274f07708984140094dbee": "2004", "57274f07708984140094dbef": "Fridays", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": "Fridays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": "1970", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": "Worldvision Enterprises as a syndication distributor, and ABC Circle Films", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": "Worldvision Enterprises as a syndication distributor, and ABC Circle Films", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": "CBS Corporation", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": "Buena Vista", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": "Buena Vista", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": "Buena Vista", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "Palomar theatrical library", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "WABC-TV and WPVI-TV", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": "235", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": "96.26%", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": "1946", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "seal of the Federal Communications Commission", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "1946", "57275573708984140094dc45": "2011", "57275573708984140094dc46": "Supernanny", "57275573708984140094dc47": "HD", "57275573708984140094dc48": "Aventure", "57275650708984140094dc5f": "720p high definition", "57275650708984140094dc60": "1080i HD", "57275650708984140094dc61": "11", "57275650708984140094dc62": "resolution", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": "lows hit by Brothers & Sisters led to its cancellation, and the previous year's only drama renewal, V", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": "Happy Endings", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "NBC", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": "Brothers & Sisters led to its cancellation, and the previous year's only drama renewal, V", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "My Children", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": "Prospect Park", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": "Hulu", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": "The Revolution", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": "fourth", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": "eight years", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": "CBS", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "Shark Tank", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": "NBC", "57275a505951b619008f889f": "Middle and Modern Family", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": "Dragon", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": "Friday night", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": "Tim Allen", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": "Daniel Burke", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": "Thomas Murphy", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": "gritty police procedural", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": "gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": "ten", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": "1993", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": "DIC Entertainment", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": "Warner", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": "23.63%", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "Chicago", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": "May 9, 1960", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": "John Bassett", "57275e125951b619008f88da": "CFTO-TV; however, legislation by the Canadian Radio-Television Commission prohibited ABC's involvement, resulting in the company withdrawing from the project", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": "Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": "Edgar Scherick", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": "Edgar Scherick through his company Sports Programs, Inc. and produced by a young Roone Arledge", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": "Sports Programs", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": "ABC Theatres;[citation needed] its recording division was renamed ABC Records", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": "December of that year", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": "The Newlywed Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "7 West 66th Street", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": "90%", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": "opulent", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": "Mork & Mindy", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "Hearst Corporation offering cultural and arts programming, which aired as a nighttime service over the channel space of Nickelodeon", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": "Infinity Broadcasting Corporation", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": "KXYZ", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": "RCA", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "competing arts service, The Entertainment Channel, into a single cable channel called Arts & Entertainment Television", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": "Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcda": "Daniel B. Burke", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "$465 million", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": "prime time entertainment program in the network's history), Step by Step, Hangin", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": "comic Tim Allen centering", "572764855951b619008f8951": "General Hospital", "572764855951b619008f8952": "Chew", "572764855951b619008f8953": "7:00", "572764855951b619008f8954": "Jimmy Kimmel", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "New Jersey, Rhode Island and Delaware", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "WBMA-LD", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "low-power", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "WMDT", "57276690708984140094dd01": "Touchstone", "57276690708984140094dd02": "ABC Studios", "57276690708984140094dd03": "the ABC Television Center", "57276690708984140094dd04": "the ABC Television Center", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "42nd Street Project; opened in 1999, Good Morning America and Nightline", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "Peter Jennings Way", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "Good Morning America and Nightline", "572768d9708984140094dd13": "Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": "Hulu", "572768d9708984140094dd15": "July 6, 2009", "572768d9708984140094dd16": "27%", "572769e85951b619008f8985": "January 7, 2014", "572769e85951b619008f8986": "eight", "572769e85951b619008f8987": "video-on-demand television services provided by the other U.S. broadcast networks) disallows fast forwarding of accessed content", "572769e85951b619008f8988": "January 7, 2014", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": "LoyalKaspar", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": "four", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "Modern", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": "ESPN", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": "All-Channel Receiver Act", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": "Congress in 1961", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "one or both of the existing stations, usually via off-hours clearances", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": "five", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "WTRF-TV", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "1960s", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": "Walt", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": "Desilu", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "because of its use of violence, Desilu then presented it to ABC", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": "April 1959", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": "CBS", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": "CBS", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": "Hanna-Barbera", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": "Hanna-Barbera", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": "April 1, 1963", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": "ITT to ABC management", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": "Donald F. Turner, head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": "October 1967; the merger was officially canceled after the trial's conclusion on January 1, 1968", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": "$3.5 billion", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": "Warren Buffett", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": "Tampa independent station WFTS-TV to the E. W. Scripps Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": "12", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": "September 5, 1985", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "ABC", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": "president of ABC's broadcasting division", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": "Michael P. Millardi", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": "Brandon Stoddar", "57277585708984140094de2b": "Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2c": "refocus", "57277585708984140094de2d": "NBC", "57277585708984140094de2e": "Laverne & Shirley", "57277585708984140094de2f": "Cosby Show, Cheers and Miami Vice. To counteract NBC, ABC decided to refocus", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "\"TGIF", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "block", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": "Miller-Boyett", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": "Milkis", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "seven", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "Ralph Nelson", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "Ralph Nelson", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "1985", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "Redwood City, California", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "CBS", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": "almost 500%", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": "the network only had a national reach of between 10%", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": "Ollie Treiz", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": "Dick Clark", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "counterprogramming against its competitors\", offering a strong lineup of programs that contrasted with those seen on its rival networks", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": "Zorro", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": "Life", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": "detective", "57277af2708984140094dec3": "a revamp of its traditional multi-platform streaming services", "57277af2708984140094dec4": "Boston, Kansas City, Milwaukee", "57277af2708984140094dec5": "Hearst", "57277af2708984140094dec6": "sister network ESPN's WatchESPN", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": "Sinclair", "57277bfc708984140094deda": "WABM-DT2/WDBB-DT2", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": "Scripps Company", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": "28 ABC affiliates and two", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "28", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "\"Start Here", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "Troika", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "entertainment division, while blue ribbons were used for ABC News", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": "entertainment division, while blue ribbons were used for ABC News", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "WWSB", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "St. Joseph, Missouri, which is designated by Nielsen", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "Tampa, Florida (WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": "WTSP", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "Mongol Empire", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "the civilian populations", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": "Khwarezmian and Xia controlled lands", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "Eurasia. These included raids or invasions of the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": "\u00d6gedei", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": "1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "\u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": "\u00d6gedei Khan as his successor and split his empire into khanates", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "Mongolia", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": "Tem\u00fcjin", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": "Yes\u00fcgei", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": "1162", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "Tatar chieftain, Tem\u00fcjin-\u00fcge", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": "Hachiun, and Tem\u00fcge, and one sister named Tem\u00fclen", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "Hachiun", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": "marriage", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": "Khongirad", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": "Khongirad. Tem\u00fcjin was to live there in service to Dai Setsen", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": "Begter", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": "Temujin", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "Khasar", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": "Khasar", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "father", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "cangue, a sort of portable stocks", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "Genghis Khan", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "Genghis Khan", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": "ger (yurt) in the middle of the night by hiding in a river crevice", "5726a784708984140094ccff": "Tem\u00fcjin", "5726a784708984140094cd00": "Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd01": "Chinese dynasties to the south. Tem\u00fcjin's mother Hoelun", "5726a784708984140094cd02": "Hoelun", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "B\u00f6rte of the Onggirat", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "Merkits", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": "Jamukha", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "Jochi", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "1185\u20131226", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "three", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "Chagatai", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "1187", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "Genghis", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "six", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "vassal", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": "Merkits", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "Jadaran", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": "20,000", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": "Jamukha", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "Mongolian aristocracy", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": "Kokochu", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": "1186", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "Battle of Dalan Balzhut", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": "Qara Khitai", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": "the Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": "civilians and soldiers wealth from future possible war spoils", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": "orphans", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": "stronger", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": "Jochi", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": "Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": "Jamukha", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "Keraite", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "generals abandoned Jamukha, including Subutai", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "1201", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "Qara Khitai", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": "Subutai", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "1201", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "friendship", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "the men", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": "death", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "spilling blood", "5726b879708984140094cf01": "Chinese", "5726b879708984140094cf02": "Jamukha", "5726b879708984140094cf03": "Jochi, and problems with the most important shaman, who was allegedly trying to drive", "5726b879708984140094cf04": "linchpin", "5726b879708984140094cf05": "Jochi", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": "1206", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": "Khuruldai", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Khagan was not conferred on Genghis until after his death, when his son and successor, \u00d6gedei", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "\u00d6gedei", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": "Keraites, Tatars", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": "Jin dynasty", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": "Genghis Khan", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": "1215", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": "Zhongdu (modern-day Beijing). This forced the Emperor Xuanzong to move his capital south to Kaifeng", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": "\u00d6gedei", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": "Genghis Khan decided to conquer the Qara Khitai and defeat Kuchlug", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "Jin dynasty", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "two tumen (20,000", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "two tumen (20,000 soldiers) against Kuchlug", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "The Arrow", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": "west of Kashgar", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "Qara Khitai", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": "Lake Balkhash", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": "Khwarezmia (Khwarezmid Empire", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": "Muslim", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": "Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": "Mongolia", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": "Muslim", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": "100,000", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "Silk Road", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "Shan mountains", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "three", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": "southeast part of Khwarzemia to form, with the first division, a pincer attack on Samarkand", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": "Samarkand", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": "Samarkand", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "Khwarzemi forces instead of facing a unified defense. The Mongol army quickly seized the town of Otrar", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "Otrar", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": "molten silver", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "Khwarzemi forces", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": "Subutai", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "Samarkand", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": "Bukhara", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "divert a river", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "body shields", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": "every soldier", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "Ata-Malik Juvayni", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": "Khwarezmi cities", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": "craftsmen", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "a moat and a single wall", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": "Genghis Khan", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": "1220", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": "Genghis Khan", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": "Genghis Khan", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": "Black Sea", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": "Volga Bulgaria", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "Volga", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "Transoxiana", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": "1225", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": "the road back to Samarkand", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": "1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": "autumn", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "Yellow River", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "a line of five stars", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": "Ning Hia", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": "Ma Jianlong", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": "arrows", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": "At Deshun", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": "betrayal and resistance, Genghis Khan ordered the entire imperial family to be executed, effectively ending the Tangut lineage", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": "Jochi", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": "\u00d6gedei", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": "\u00d6gedei", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": "Chagatai and Jochi", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": "Chagatai", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": "Jochi if he were to become his father's successor. Tolui", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": "Chagatai", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": "1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "Khorasan", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": "Khorasan. Juzjani", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "Genghis Khan", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "Sultan Muhammad", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": "Western Xia", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": "hunting or battle. According to The Secret History of the Mongols", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": "Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The exact cause of his death remains a mystery", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "Mongol", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": "Oirads", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": "his memorial, but not his burial site", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": "Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": "Onon River", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": "Mausoleum", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "Edsen Khoroo", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": "bier", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": "soldiers", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "1956", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": "Red Guards", "57273581708984140094daeb": "October 6, 2004", "57273581708984140094daec": "Folklore says that a river", "57273581708984140094daed": "permafrost", "57273581708984140094daee": "horses", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "Yassa", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "Yassa, created by Genghis Khan", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": "Genghis Khan", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": "Muhammad Khan", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": "tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": "Nestorian", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "religious tolerance", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": "Buddhist", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": "Pax Mongolica", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": "Mongolian", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": "confidant of the successive Mongol Khans", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": "Genghis Khan", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "prince, Chu'Tsai", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "Khitan prince", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "Muqali, Jebe and Subutai", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": "Karakorum", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": "Muqali", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "Subutai and Jebe", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": "unwavering loyalty from them", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "siege warfare, cutting off resources for cities and towns by diverting certain rivers", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "the Mongol cavalry", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "small enemy groups away from the larger group and defended position for ambush and counterattack", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "driving them in front of the army", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": "Genghis's successor \u00d6gedei Khan", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": "1279", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "Silk Road", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": "Turkey", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "religions", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": "increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia", "5727404b708984140094db59": "1990s", "5727404b708984140094db5a": "national identity", "5727404b708984140094db5b": "as \"Genghis Khan's children", "5727404b708984140094db5c": "unfairly biased against Genghis Khan and that his butchery is exaggerated", "5727404b708984140094db5d": "chasm", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": "t\u00f6gr\u00f6g", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": "t\u00f6gr\u00f6g", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Ulaanbaatar", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "avoid trivialization", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "Ulaanbaatar", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "Ikh Zasag law", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "corruption and bribery", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "Elbegdorj", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "Ikh Zasag (Great Administration), the first written Mongolian law", "57275250708984140094dc25": "the Inner Mongolia", "57275250708984140094dc26": "5 million", "57275250708984140094dc27": "Kublai Khan completed that conquest and established the Yuan dynasty", "57275250708984140094dc28": "Jin", "57275250708984140094dc29": "the Yuan dynasty", "572753af708984140094dc2f": "Iran", "572753af708984140094dc30": "10 to 15 million", "572753af708984140094dc31": "10 to 15 million", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": "Ghazan", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "Mamluks of Egypt", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": "Ghazan", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": "1237", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "Novgorod and Pskov", "572756715951b619008f8877": "Timur", "572756715951b619008f8878": "Genghis Khan and particularly Timur", "572756715951b619008f8879": "Nishapur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": "Lake Baikal and ocean", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "ocean", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": "Mongolian adjectival modifier -s", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "Mongolian", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": "Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": "variety of ways", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": "Chinese", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": "Mongolian Chinggis Khaan", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": "Tem\u00fcjin", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "pharma", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "tobacco and patent medicines", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "sorcery or even poison", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "outdated", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "healthcare", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "quality use of medicines", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "drug treatment for an individual", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "optimisation", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "pharmacists", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "health care", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "Greek physician", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "De Materia Medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "materia medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles of Carystus", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "Pedanius", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taih\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "Taih\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "pharmacists", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taih\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "Japan", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya R\u0101zi", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "Kitab al-Saydalah (The Book of Drugs", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "vitriol", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "copper compounds, especially copper vitriol", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "15th century, keeping albarellos from the 16th and 17th centuries", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "Ll\u00edvia", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "Ll\u00edvia", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "antique drugs", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "pharmacy legislation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "pharmacist", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "pharmacist spends more time communicating with patients", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "more dependent upon automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "hospitals", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "pharmacy", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "compliance", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "clinical pharmacists and they often specialize in various disciplines of pharmacy. For example, there are pharmacists", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "unit-dose", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "pharmacies", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "medications", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "unit-dose", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "direct patient care", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "physicians", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "patient care rounds drug product selection", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "comprehensive drug therapy", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "dispensing and administration", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy) and its efficacy", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "adverse drug reactions", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "North Carolina", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "2011", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "care pharmacy specialty certification", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "Indian Health Service", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "Omnicare", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "nursing homes", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "Omnicare", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "because many elderly", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "consultant", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": "brick-and-mortar", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "online", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "homebound", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "brick-and-mortar", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "to avoid the \"inconvenience", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "valid prescription, some Internet", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": "prescription. Many customers order drugs from such pharmacies to avoid the \"inconvenience", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "prescription", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": "sell prescription drugs", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": "ease", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "a legitimate medical purpose by a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "ease", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "valid", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "legitimate doctor-patient relationship. The filling pharmacy has a corresponding responsibility to ensure that the prescription is valid", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "valid", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "Vicodin", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "United States", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "international drug suppliers", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "prescription, who has ever been charged by authorities", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "practice science and applied information science", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "national and international patient information projects", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science. Pharmacy informaticists", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "quickly", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "19", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "19 of 28", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "pharmacies supply high cost injectable, oral, infused, or inhaled medications", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "oral, infused, or inhaled", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "monitoring, adherence counseling, and assist patients with cost-containment strategies needed to obtain their expensive specialty drugs", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "from physicians", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "pharmacists may supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public, and that pharmacists", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "no patient exploitation and patients have the right to a written prescription that can be filled elsewhere. 7 to 10 percent of American physicians practices", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "kickback\" payments", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "separately from physicians", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "patients from within their practices", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "dispense prescription-only medicines to their patients from within their practices. The law", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "1.6 kilometres", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "1.6 kilometres", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "high risk of a conflict of interest and/or the avoidance of absolute powers", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "financial self-interest", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "avoidance of absolute powers", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "avoidance of absolute powers", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "directly conflicts", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "the coming decades, pharmacists are expected to become more integral within the health care system", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "Medication Therapy", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "MTM", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "Medication Therapy Management (MTM) includes the clinical services that pharmacists can provide for their patients", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "decreased", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "British Columbia", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "Scotland", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "pharmacy education", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "clinical", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "degree", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "mortar and pestle", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "Pharmacy organizations often use other symbols, such as the Bowl of Hygieia", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "Netherlands", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "Austria", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "Argentina", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": "a system of many biological structures and processes", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": "disease", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": "immune system can be classified into subsystems", "5726e65e708984140094d540": "neuroimmune system", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": "a system of many biological structures and processes", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": "disease", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": "immune system can be classified into subsystems", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": "neuroimmune", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": "neuroimmune", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": "fluid\u2013brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system which protects the brain", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "pathogens", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013brain barrier", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "pathogens", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "neutralization by the immune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "a rudimentary immune system", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "eukaryotes", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "immunological memory", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "bacteriophage", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "phagocytosis", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "vaccination", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "sophisticated defense mechanisms", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": "autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": "genetic disease", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": "inflammatory diseases and cancer", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Immunodeficiency", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "Athens in 430 BC. Thucydides", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": "mice", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": "Louis Pasteur in his development of vaccination and his proposed germ theory of disease. Pasteur", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": "Walter Reed", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "Robert Koch's 1891 proofs", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "immunity", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "yellow fever", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "430 BC", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "pathogen", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": "innate immune system", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": "If pathogens successfully evade the innate response, vertebrates possess a second layer", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "Innate immune systems", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "the adaptive immune system", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "mount faster and stronger attacks", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "layered defenses of increasing specificity. In simple terms, physical barriers prevent pathogens such as bacteria and viruses", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "self and non-self molecules", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": "self molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": "non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "antigens", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "specific immune receptors", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "pathogens in a generic way. This system does not confer long-lasting immunity against a pathogen", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "host defense in most organisms", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": "conserved among broad groups of microorganisms", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": "pathogens", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": "chemical, and biological barriers. The waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": "chemical, and biological barriers. The waxy cuticle", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": "coughing and snee", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": "mucus", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "urine also mechanically", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "\u03b2-defensins", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "lysozyme and phospholipase A2 in saliva, tears, and breast milk", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "defensins and zinc", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "Chemical barriers also protect against infection", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "flora", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": "non-specifically target bacteria and do not affect fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "pure cultures of the lactobacilli", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "iron", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "Inflammation", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "redness", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "eicosanoids and cytokines", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "prostaglandins", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "interleukins", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "phagocytes", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "cytokines", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "intracellular vesicle called a phagosome", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "vesicle called a lysosome to form a phagolysosome", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "acquiring nutrients", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "Neutrophils and macrophages", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "bloodstream", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "50%", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": "chemotaxis", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "interleukin 1", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "Leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "leukocytes", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "macrophages, neutrophils", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "neuronal dendrites", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "present antigens to T cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": "one of the key cell types of the adaptive immune system", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "killer cells, or NK cells", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "MHC I", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIR", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "early vertebrates and allows for a stronger immune response as well as immunological memory", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "antigen presentation", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "pathogens or pathogen-infected cells", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "Killer T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class I MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "Class I MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class I MHC molecules", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "\u03b3\u03b4 T cells that recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "CD8", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "co-receptor on the T cell, called CD8", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "granulysin", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "perforin", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "CD4", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "200\u2013300", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "cytokines", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "CD40", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "Gamma delta T cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "one hand", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "receptor diversity", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "epithelia respond to stressed epithelial cells", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "B", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "lymphokines", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "When B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "When B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "passive short-term memory or active long-term memory", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "When B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory cells. Throughout the lifetime of an animal", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "microbes", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "IgG", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "Breast milk or colostrum also contains antibodies", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "IgG", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "immunomodulators", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "adaptive and innate immune responses. Some autoimmune diseases", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": "lupus erythematosus strike", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": "sex hormones such as testosterone seem to be immunosuppressive", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": "T-cell differentiation", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": "heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": "active immunizations", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": "age", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "vitamin D", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "thyroid hormone activity", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "cholecalciferol", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "killer T cells", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "MHC class I", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "fewer MHC class I molecules on their surface than normal; this is a common phenomenon with tumors", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "antibodies are generated against tumor cells", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "phagocytic", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "molecular patterns or PAMPs", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "rapid apoptosis", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "RNA silencing mechanisms", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "silencing mechanisms are particularly important in this systemic response", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "autoimmune", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "self and non-self", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "thymus and bone marrow", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "self\" peptides", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "Immunodeficiencies", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "the young and the elderly", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "obesity, alcoholism, and drug use are common causes of poor immune function. However, malnutrition", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "malnutrition", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "vaccination. The principle behind vaccination", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "immunization", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "stimulate the immune system", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "natural specificity", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "shut down host defenses", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "type III secretion system, they may insert a hollow tube into the host cell, providing a direct route for proteins", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "shut down host defenses", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "elude", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "Frank Burnet", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "pathogens, an allograft) trigger a destructive immune response", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "self/nonself theory of immunity", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "Glucocorticoids", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "Lower doses of anti-inflammatory drugs", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "methotrexate or azathioprine. Cytotoxic drugs inhibit the immune response by killing dividing cells such as activated T cells", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "cyclosporin", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "cytotoxic natural killer cells and CTLs", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "active times, anti-inflammatory molecules, such as cortisol and catecholamines", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "melatonin", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "free radical production during this time", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "vitamin D receptor", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "bind", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "symbiotic", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "vitamin D", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "vitamin D calcidiol", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "recognition receptors", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "phagocytic cells are also used by most forms of invertebrate life", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "phagocytic cells", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "Ribonucleases and the RNA", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "classical molecules of the adaptive immune system (e.g., immunoglobulins and T cell receptors", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "lamprey and hagfish", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "lamprey and hagfish", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "adaptive immune system occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates. Many of the classical molecules of the adaptive immune system", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "lymphocytes", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "restriction modification system to protect themselves from viral pathogens, called bacteriophages", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "viral pathogens, called bacteriophages", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "CRISPR sequences to retain fragments of the genomes", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "humoral\" theories of immunity. According to the cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "phagocytes", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity. According to the cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": "Robert Koch and Emil von Behring", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": "tumors", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": "MHC class I molecules", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": "cytokine TGF-\u03b2", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "TGF-\u03b2, which suppresses the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "four", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type I hypersensitivity is an immediate or anaphylactic reaction, often associated with allergy", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "I \u2013 IV) based on the mechanisms involved and the time course of the hypersensitive reaction", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "cytotoxic", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "Salmonella and the eukaryotic parasites", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "Salmonella and the eukaryotic parasites", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "Mycobacterium", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "magnus", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "HIV", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "HIV", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "HIV", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "surveillance", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "papilloma", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": "cervical cancer", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "immune surveillance", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": ">500", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "hydrophobic", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "proteomics", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "B cells", "572a12386aef051400155234": "leptin", "572a12386aef051400155235": "Th1", "572a12386aef051400155236": "Th1", "572a12386aef051400155237": "Th1", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "proteases", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "by disrupting their plasma membrane", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "catalytic", "57271c235951b619008f860b": "deem", "57271c235951b619008f860c": "American Civil Rights Movement", "57271c235951b619008f860d": "British Empire", "57271c235951b619008f860e": "Ukraine", "57271c235951b619008f860f": "Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "Egyptians", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "they deem to be unfair laws", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "British occupation in the 1919 Revolution", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "the American Civil Rights Movement", "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": "King of Thebes", "57271f125951b619008f8637": "Oedipus", "57271f125951b619008f8638": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8639": "King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "Sophocles", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "King of Thebes, Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "one of the daughters of former King of Thebes", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "Sophocles' play Antigone, in which Antigone, one of the daughters of former King of Thebes", "5727213c708984140094da35": "Percy Shelley", "5727213c708984140094da36": "Percy Shelley", "5727213c708984140094da38": "Satyagraha. Gandhi's Satyagraha was partially influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence", "5727213c708984140094da39": "Anarchy", "5727213c708984140094da37": "Henry David Thoreau", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "Masque", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "nonviolent protest", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "Gandhi", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "Gandhi", "572726c9708984140094da7b": "muggers", "572726c9708984140094da7e": "test-case", "572726c9708984140094da7c": "ambiguity", "572726c9708984140094da7d": "ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "utterly debased", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "always suffered from ambiguity", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "Marshall Cohen", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "\" has always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased. Marshall Cohen notes", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "LeGrande", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "Alice in Wonderland, he often finds that specific terminology has no more (or no less) meaning than the individual orator", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "Alice in Wonderland", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "no more (or no less) meaning than the individual orator", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "LeGrande", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "violent", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "voluminous", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "nonviolent", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "nonviolent", "57280f974b864d1900164370": "civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164371": "two public agencies", "57280f974b864d1900164372": "as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws", "57280f974b864d1900164373": "civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164374": "public agencies", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "a citizen's relation to the state and its laws", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "head of government would be acting in her or his capacity as public official rather than private citizen", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "head of government", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "a citizen's relation to the state and its laws", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "head of government", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "Thoreau", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "imprisonment, when a confused taxman had wondered aloud about how to handle his refusal to pay, Thoreau had advised, \u201cResign", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "it may also express nothing", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "imprisonment", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "imprisonment", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "Thoreau", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form of a postman or tax collector", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "Thoreau\u2019s imprisonment, when a confused taxman", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "imprisonment, when a confused taxman had wondered aloud about how to handle his refusal to pay, Thoreau had advised, \u201cResign", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "political philosophy pitching the conscience vs. the collective", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "governmental entities. Brownlee", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "governmental entities", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "governmental entities", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "breaches of law", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "Brown", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "breaches of law", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "Brownlee", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "governmental entities", "572818f54b864d190016446c": "lawbreaking", "572818f54b864d190016446d": "morality", "572818f54b864d190016446e": "morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience", "572818f54b864d190016446f": "morality", "572818f54b864d1900164470": "misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "publicly", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "Stephen Eilmann", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "open", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Stephen Eilmann", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "Exodus", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "Christian", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "Black's Law", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "defects justifying rebellion", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "help preserve society's tolerance", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "non-violence", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": "Christian Bay's encyclopedia article states", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": "refusal", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "if one cannot justify civil rebellion", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "they do not have to be non-violent", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "change cultural traditions", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "Thoreau", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Ferenc De\u00e1k", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "Ferenc De\u00e1k", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "Non-revolutionary", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "Non-revolutionary", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "cause their repeal", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "an individual conscience", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "Non-revolutionary", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "Non-revolutionary", "572822233acd2414000df555": "during the Roman Empire", "572822233acd2414000df556": "images", "572822233acd2414000df557": "The tax collector", "572822233acd2414000df558": "higher political office", "572822233acd2414000df559": "after the end of the Mexican War", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "during the Roman Empire", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "the Roman Empire", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "jail solidarity", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "weeks", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "illegal acts", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "propaganda", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "cannabis", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "180-foot", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "Luna", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "a harassment", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "civil disobedients", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "Redwood", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "sending an email to the Lebanon", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "Filthy Words", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "1978", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "pure speech", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "civil disobedience", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "defiance", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "pure speech", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "denial-of-service attacks", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "padlocking the gates and using sickles", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "GCSB Waihopai", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "the table", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "refusals", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "illegal boycotts, refusals to pay taxes, draft dodging, distributed denial-of-service attacks", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "Brownlee", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "more difficult for a system to function", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "Thoreau", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "criminal investigators", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "a lack of understanding of the legal ramifications, or due to a fear of seeming rude", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "to investigators' questions", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "punishment", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "because of their belief in the validity of the social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to accept punishment because of their belief in the validity of the social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "social contract", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "no need to accept punishment for a violation of criminal law", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "whether or not to plead guilty", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "submit to the punishment prescribed by law", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "no wrong", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "A plea of no contest", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "a plea of not guilty", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "Camp Mercury nuclear test site near Las Vegas, Nevada", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "Las Vegas, Nevada", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "Las Vegas, Nevada", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "Francis Heisler", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "suspended", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "To accept jail penitently", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "spirit of protest should be maintained all the way", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "spirit", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience. The key point is that the spirit of protest should be maintained all the way", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients, as in the case of the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "solidarity tactics to secure the same plea bargain for everyone", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "the prosecution proposes a plea bargain to civil disobedients", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "Mohandas Gandhi", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "defendants choose to make a defiant speech", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "defiant", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "allocution", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "defiant speech, or a speech explaining their actions", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "defendants choose to make a defiant speech", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "Steven Barkan writes that if defendants", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "Steven Barkan writes that if defendants", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "A technical defense", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "A technical defense may enhance the chances for acquittal but make for more boring proceedings and reduced press coverage. During the Vietnam War era", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "A technical defense", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "attribution", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "helpful", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "committed the crime", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "to escape punishment by committing the crime covertly and avoiding attribution", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "the crime covertly and avoiding attribution", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "Indirect civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "Vietnam War", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "shadow", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "admonitions not to; according to FIJA", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "Brownlee", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "deserts", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "Leonard Hubert Hoffmann writes, \"In deciding whether or not to impose punishment", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "deserts", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction differs from manufacturing", "57273a465951b619008f8700": "manufacturing", "57273a465951b619008f8701": "nine percent", "57273a465951b619008f8702": "design", "57273a465951b619008f8703": "purchaser", "57273cca708984140094db33": "architect", "57273cca708984140094db34": "engineer or project", "57273cca708984140094db35": "effective planning", "57273cca708984140094db36": "megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db37": "zoning requirements", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "infrastructure", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "infrastructure and industrial", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "heavy/highway", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "heavy civil or heavy engineering", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "Industrial", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "ENR", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "ENR compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies. They publish a list of the largest", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "2014", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": "construction service firms", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "laborer, paymaster", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "real property or construction of buildings. The majority of building construction jobs are small renovations", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "property", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "careful oversight during the project", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority regulations and codes", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "brick versus stone, versus timber", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "lot of waste", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "residential construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "3D printing technology", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "20 hours", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "2014", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "2 metres", "572745c6708984140094db9a": "physical proceedings", "572745c6708984140094db99": "modern industrialized world", "572745c6708984140094db9b": "i.e. in contract with) the property owner. Under this system, once the design is completed by the design team", "572745c6708984140094db9c": "surveyor", "572745c6708984140094db9d": "the most cost efficient bidder", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "separated specialties", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "separate companies", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "one-stop shopping", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "one-stop shopping\" for a construction project, from beginning to end", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "design-build, partnering and construction management", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": "designers, engineers and constructors", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "establishing relationships", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": "financial problems", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "happen", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "when the present amount of funding cannot cover the current costs for labour and materials", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "a problem in many fields, but is notoriously prevalent in the construction field. Financial planning", "5727502f708984140094dc07": "cost engineers", "5727502f708984140094dc08": "the mortgage banker", "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Accountants", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "change orders or project changes that increased costs", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "estimators", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "zoning and building code requirements", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "zoning and building code requirements", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "prohibitum considerations, or things", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "matter of custom or expectation", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "a residential district", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "construction project", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "construction project is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations, each of which all parties must carefully consider. A contract", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "a delay costs money", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "the delay can be extremely expensive", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "smoothly", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "relationship", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "Public-Private Partnering", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "Public-Private Partnering", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "co-operation", "572753335951b619008f8853": "architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8854": "architect or engineer", "572753335951b619008f8855": "subcontractor", "572753335951b619008f8856": "the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": "the building is ready to occupy", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "D&B contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "owner", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "a consortium of several contractors", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "design phase 2", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "the foundation can be dug, contractors", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "electrical", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "sewage, phone, and cable facilities", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "inspector", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "occupancy", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "$960 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "$680 billion", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "667,000", "572755b7708984140094dc50": "10", "572755b7708984140094dc51": "828,000", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "higher", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "higher", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "US/Canada", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", "572756fe708984140094dc72": "construction workers", "572756fe708984140094dc73": "construction workers", "572756fe708984140094dc74": "inspecting scaffolding", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "academic", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "mandatory", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "independent schools, non-governmental, or nonstate schools, are not administered by local, state or national governments", "57274712708984140094dbad": "$45,000", "57274712708984140094dbae": "free' schools to more than $45,000", "57274712708984140094dbaf": "Australia", "57274712708984140094dbb0": "North", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": "lower sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "lower sixth) and year 13 (upper sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "lower sixth) and year 13 (upper sixth", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "peer tuitions", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "best teachers", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "Roman Catholic", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "Orthodox", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "parochial schools, a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector include Protestants", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "uniforms", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "compulsory blazer", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "higher-paid teachers", "57274971708984140094dbbb": "Presbyterian Church", "57274971708984140094dbbc": "Sydney) and St Joseph's College, Hunters Hill", "57274971708984140094dbbd": "Sydney", "57274971708984140094dbbe": "St Ursula's College and Loreto Normanhurst for girls", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "7", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "11.1%", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "11.1%", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "11.1%", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "Sonderungsverbot", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "Sonderungsverbot", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "low tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "Erg\u00e4nzungsschulen", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": "vocational", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": "by charging their students tuition fees", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": "religious groups and offer a type of education", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "independent schools", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "CBS", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "30", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "broad policy directions while the states create their own rules and regulations for the administration of the sector", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "Legally, only non-profit trusts and societies", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "country", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "Annual Status of Education Report (ASER)", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "infrastructure", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "medium of education in private schools is English", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "scoil phr\u00edobh\u00e1ideach", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "\u20ac5,000 annually for most schools", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "\u20ac5,000", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": "\u20ac25,000", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "English", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "English", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "National School system. This caused an uproar among the Chinese and a compromise was achieved in that the schools would instead become \"National Type\" schools", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "uproar", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "'aided' schools", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "private 'un-aided' schools are fully funded by private parties", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Kathmandu", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "private 'un-aided' schools are fully funded by private parties", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "Preschool", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": "3.7%", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": "private Catholic", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "markets", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": "Private schools are often Anglican, such as King's College and Diocesan School", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "Wellington", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Presbyterian", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Christchurch", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "Catholic schismatic group", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "32%", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": "32%", "5727500f708984140094dbff": "80%", "5727500f708984140094dc00": "August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc01": "private schools, by replacing values education for third and fourth years", "572750df5951b619008f882f": "government", "572750df5951b619008f8830": "post-secondary and non-degree programmes, including vocational and technical courses", "572750df5951b619008f8831": "Financial Assistance", "5727515f708984140094dc11": "private education", "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc13": "private church", "5727515f708984140094dc14": "clarification", "5727515f708984140094dc15": "early nineteenth century", "57275409708984140094dc35": "South Africa", "57275409708984140094dc36": "race groups", "57275409708984140094dc37": "higher school", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": "10%", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": "30", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "30", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "The Knowledge School", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "innovative school voucher", "572756265951b619008f886d": "13", "572756265951b619008f886e": "UK", "572756265951b619008f886f": "13", "572756265951b619008f8870": "13", "572756265951b619008f8871": "\u00a33,000", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "all deliberate speed", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "South, many white students migrated to the academies", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "College", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "Mississippi", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "religious organizations or private individuals", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "Blaine", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "Blaine", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "student tuition, endowments, scholarship/voucher", "572759665951b619008f8883": "Massachusetts", "572759665951b619008f8884": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8885": "1976", "572759665951b619008f8886": "Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972); Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268", "572759665951b619008f8887": "v", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "$40,000", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "Groton School had substantial endowments running to hundreds of millions of dollars supplemented by fundraising drives. Boarding schools with a reputation for quality", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "Groton", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "nearly $50,000", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "John Harvard", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1977", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "James Bryant Conant", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "John Harvard (its first benefactor), Harvard is the United States' oldest institution of higher learning, and the Harvard Corporation", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "Charles W. Eliot's long tenure (1869\u20131909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "Harvard Library", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "79", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "18 million", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "150", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "the Charles River", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "$37.6 billion financial endowment is the largest", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": "Charles River", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "Harvard Yard", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "1636", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "Harvard Corporation", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "1638", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "1639", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "many Puritan", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "the University of Cambridge\u2014\u200b\u200bbut conformed Puritanism.", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "1804", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "Samuel Webber", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "1805", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "Louis Agassiz", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "intuition", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W. Eliot", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "American higher education, he was motivated not by a desire to secularize education", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "Charles W. Eliot, president 1869\u20131909, eliminated the favored position of Christianity from the curriculum", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James Bryant Conant", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "an entitlement", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "1945", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "Harvard and Radcliffe admissions", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "mirroring", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "3 miles", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "south of Harvard Yard", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "3 miles", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "Harvard Stadium", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "Harvard Stadium", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "fifty percent", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "Cambridge campus", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "enhanced transit infrastructure", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "14,000", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "school color is crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "14,000", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "1875", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "lost 22%", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "about 30%", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "$1.2 billion Allston Science Complex", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "$4.093 million available for disbursement", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "$159 million", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "late 1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "Duke Kent-Brown", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "$230 million", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "5.3%", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicants applying to selective universities", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "2016", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "2008", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "seven", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "New York Times, and some students", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "John Harvard Scholar\" and \"Harvard College", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "four half-courses", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "awarded degrees summa cum laude", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "60%", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "$38,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "$38,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "$60,000", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "88%", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "88%", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "Widener Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "18 million", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Western art", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "the Semitic Museum featuring artifacts", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "2011", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "8th", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "42", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "Yale University", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "two years", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "1903", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "1903", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "1906", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "Yale football team", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "MAC\"", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "MAC\"", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "three", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "23", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "Thames River in eastern Connecticut", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": "Cornell", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": "2003", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": "General Ban Ki-moon", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": "Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Figueres", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Juan Manuel Santos", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "Pierre Trudeau", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "Conan O'Brien", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "W. E. B. Du Bois", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Shing-Tung Yau", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "Stephen Greenblatt", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "345,596", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "12th", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "Duval", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "1968", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "St. Johns River", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "340 miles", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "Fort Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "Timucua", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Andrew Jackson", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "Florida's third largest seaport", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "golf", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "two", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jacksonvillians\" or \"Jaxsons", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "thousands", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery in the United States", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "United States", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "the 16th century, the beginning of the historical era", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "Ossachite", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "Jean Ribault", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "a stone column near present-day Jacksonville claiming the newly discovered land for France", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": "Fort Caroline. On September 20, 1565, a Spanish force from the nearby Spanish settlement of St. Augustine", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "San Mateo", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "St. Johns River", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "French and Indian War", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "Jacksonville, after Andrew Jackson", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "Seminole", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "Britain", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "February 9, 1832", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "Florida", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "Battle of Olustee", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "Battle of Olustee", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "American Civil War", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "1862", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "Augustine", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "Grover Cleveland", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "blows", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "south drew visitors to other areas", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "Grover Cleveland", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "Spanish moss at a nearby mattress factory was quickly engulfed in flames and enabling the fire to spread rapidly", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "2,000", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "Spanish moss", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "Great Fire of 1901\"", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "New York\u2013based filmmakers", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "silent film studios", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "Winter Film Capital of the World", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "Hollywood", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "construction of highways led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": "75.8% in 1970 to 55.1%", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "Jacksonville", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "Mayor W. Haydon Burns", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "rapid urban sprawl after World War II", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "education", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": "unincorporated suburbs", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "funding education", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "tax", "57281d494b864d19001644be": "11", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "11", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "Lower taxes", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "consolidation referendum was held in 1967, voters approved the plan", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "Hans Tanzler posed with actress Lee Meredith", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "blueprint", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "$2.25 billion", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "a blueprint for Jacksonville's future and approved by Jacksonville voters in 2000, authorized a half-penny sales tax", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "13.34% (116.7 sq mi or 302 km2) is water", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "Trout River", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "St. Johns River", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "13.34%", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Baldwin", "572821274b864d1900164510": "Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164511": "Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164512": "617 ft", "572821274b864d1900164513": "42", "572821274b864d1900164514": "37-story Wells Fargo Center (with its distinctive flared base", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "humid subtropical", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "November through April", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "mild weather during winters and hot and humid weather during summers", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": "low latitude", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "104 \u00b0F (40 \u00b0C)", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "erupt", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "53 F in January to 82 F in July", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane", "572824f13acd2414000df590": "70 miles per hour", "572824f13acd2414000df591": "Tropical Storm Beryl", "572824f13acd2414000df592": "Jacksonville", "572824f13acd2414000df593": "2004", "572826634b864d19001645be": "Jacksonville has the country's tenth-largest Arab population, with a total population of 5,751", "572826634b864d19001645bf": "821,784", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "5,751 according to the 2000 United States Census. Jacksonville has Florida's largest Filipino American community, with 25,033", "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "273", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": "366", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "female", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "94.1", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "40%", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "three", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "$759,900. A 2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "debt", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "silly argument\" and \"a non-issue", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "40%", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "financial assets", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "$41 trillion", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": "more than half", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "due to a greater tendency to take on debts", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "400", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans \"have more wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "half", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": "Forbes", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": "wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "over 60 percent\" of the Forbes", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "60 percent", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "reflection of the productivity gap between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land. Within labor income distribution", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "income distribution is due to differences in value added by different classifications of workers. In this perspective, wages and profits", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "wages and profits", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "views inequalities", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "capital and land", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "wages and profits", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "capitalist/business owner, landlord", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "the productivity gap between highly-paid professions and lower-paid professions", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "downward pressure on wages", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "maximize profits", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "capital equipment for labor inputs", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "profits", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "mechanization and automation", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "substitution of capital equipment for labor (mechanization and automation) raises the productivity of each worker", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good. Thus, wages can be considered as a function of market price of skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "chronically understaffed", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "unfair", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "prices", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "wages", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "skilled worker. \"On the other hand, markets", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "high levels of inequality", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "drive", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "high supply", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "willing workers (low supply", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "demand and greater incomes for members. Members may also receive higher wages through collective bargaining, political influence, or corruption", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "low supply", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "competition between workers drives down the wage", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "workers", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "dish-washing or customer service", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "push\" motivations", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "\"pull\"", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "entrepreneurialism", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "higher economic inequality", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "Necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "Necessity", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "Necessity", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "equal distribution of income across the board", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "direct impact on the level of inequality within a society", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "the tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "top tax rate", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "social spending", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "Gini index after taxation is an indicator for the effects of such taxation", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "workers", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "aggregate savings and investment", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "lack of education leads directly to lower incomes", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "unleash", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "aggregate savings and investment", "5729e1101d04691400779641": "variation in individuals' access to education. Education", "5729e1101d04691400779642": "wages", "5729e1101d04691400779643": "education", "5729e1101d04691400779644": "lower incomes", "5729e1101d04691400779645": "growth", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "increasing access to education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "$105 billion", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "Standard & Poor's rating agency", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "2014", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "2008-2009", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "slow growth, S&P recommended increasing access to education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "$105 billion", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "1910\u20131940", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "increase", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "increase", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "educational inequality in gender also influence towards the economy. Lagerlof and Galor", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "skilled and unskilled workers. Education is very important for the growth of the economy", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "1910\u20131940", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "price", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "1910", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "gender", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "all the continental European countries", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "little", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "Anglo-American liberal policies", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "exclusion", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "union", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "little support for the view that U.S.-style", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "lower", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "Scandinavia", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "high inequality goes hand-in-hand", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "high inequality goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice-versa.\"", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "technological changes and globalization", "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Sociologist", "5729e4291d04691400779652": "Sociologist", "5729e4291d04691400779653": "globalization", "5729e4291d04691400779654": "high rates of unionization, particularly in Scandinavia, have very low levels of inequality", "5729e4291d04691400779655": "weak", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "poor countries", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "poor countries", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "increased trade with poor countries and the fragmentation of the means of production, resulting in low skilled jobs becoming more tradeable", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "low-skilled jobs", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "domestic scale", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "low-skilled workers", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "rising inequality in the United States", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "Robert Lawrence", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": "53%", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": "53% in Botswana to -40%", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "women and men", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "Gender", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "males", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "Thomas Sowell", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas Sowell", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "difference", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": "social welfare", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": "lower levels of inequality", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "owners", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "Economist", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "more capital", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": "wealth and income and introducing inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": "social welfare programs", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "1910", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "1970s", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "manufacturing", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "manufacturing", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "Kuznets", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "weak", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "weak. Kuznets' curve predicts", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "Kuznets' cycles to be in effect at any given time", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "wealthy individuals or entities", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "theoretical[according to whom?] process by which, under certain conditions, newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "Thomas Piketty", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "the accumulation of wealth", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "beneficiaries of the new wealth. Over time, wealth condensation can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society. Thomas Piketty", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "wealth condensation", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "Thomas Piketty", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "higher returns", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": "market", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "Economist", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": "rare", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "wealth", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "rent-seeking, brings income not from creation of wealth but from \"grabbing a larger", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "lower", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "lower rates of social goods", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "r = -.907", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "inequality", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "lower", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "negative", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "economic growth", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "British", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "lower rates of social goods", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "lower", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "23", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "social/health problems", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "full stomachs", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "poorer countries", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "expectancy", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "Americans", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "more equally distributed \u2013 was longer", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "income inequality", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "nine", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett found health and social problems \"more common in countries with bigger income inequalities", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "greater equality but not per capita income", "572a0a391d046914007796df": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "homicides", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "fifty", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "inequality", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "about half", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": "economic inequality is problematic", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "a millionaire", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "a great deal of utility to that person, such as basic necessities like food, water, and healthcare; while, an additional dollar", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "additional dollar", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "higher aggregate utility", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "income", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "libertarian", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "2001", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Thomas B. Edsall", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "Poor\" by journalist", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "Central Banking economist", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "Central Banking economist Raghuram Rajan argues that \"systematic economic inequalities", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308 being the most recent example. To compensate for stagnating", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "declining", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "monetary stimulation", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": "income", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "not just economic prosperity, but also the quality of a country's institutions and high levels of education", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "20 percent", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "interrelated economic, social, and political channels", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "inequality", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": "it is a waste of resources", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "controlling unemployment and in particular at reducing its inequality-associated effects", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "Economist", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "by limiting aggregate demand", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "global inequality and inequality", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "increasing importance of human capital in development", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "widespread education has become the secret to growth", "572a11663f37b31900478693": "1993", "572a11663f37b31900478694": "Galor and Zeira", "572a11663f37b31900478695": "the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth", "572a11663f37b31900478696": "redistributive taxation", "572a11663f37b31900478697": "politically and socially unstable", "572a12381d0469140077972d": "richer countries", "572a12381d0469140077972e": "poor", "572a12381d0469140077972c": "growth and investment", "572a12381d0469140077972b": "Harvard economist", "572a12381d0469140077972f": "1960", "572a13841d0469140077973b": "Kuznets curve hypothesis", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "Economist Thomas Piketty challenges this notion, claiming that from 1914 to 1945 wars and \"violent economic and political shocks\" reduced inequality. Moreover, Piketty", "572a13841d0469140077973d": "Thomas Piketty", "572a13841d0469140077973e": "Economist", "572a13841d0469140077973f": "Thomas Piketty challenges this notion, claiming that from 1914 to 1945 wars", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "1970s", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "increase with inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "income inequality", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "several years", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "robustly associated with more equality in the income distribution", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "special efforts must be made to ensure poorer sections", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "existing level of inequality", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "nearly 60 years to achieve the same reduction", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "United Nations", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "reducing poverty", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "poor and developing countries much land and housing", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "through various associations and other arrangements", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "extra-legal ownership include excessive bureaucratic red tape in buying property and building", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "200", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "200 steps and up to 14 years to build on government land", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "David Rodda", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "number of quality rental units", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "higher quality housing increased", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "increased rapidly as landlords", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "low income residents", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "by everyone", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "worse equipped to manage their finances", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts and one method of achieving this aspiration", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "taking on debt. The result leads to even greater inequality and potential economic instability", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "greater inequality and potential economic instability", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "environmental degradation", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "multiplier", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "WWF argued), population levels would start to drop to a sustainable level (1/3 of current levels", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "not resulting in an increase", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "private ownership of the means of production by a class of owners", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "a class of owners", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "wage or salary", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "income differentials would be reflective of individual contributions to the social product", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "reflective", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "Robert Nozick", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "redistributes wealth by force (usually in the form of taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "one where all individuals are free from force", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "Nozick recognized that some modern economic inequalities were the result of forceful taking of property", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "when they improve society as a whole, including the poorest members", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "income inequality", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "inequality and poverty", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "neoliberalism", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "When a person\u2019s capabilities are lowered, they are in some way deprived", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "earn", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "customs", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "fear of their lives", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "relevant income", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963. The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963. The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": "sentient time-travelling space ship", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": "British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963. The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": "Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": "Russell T Davies", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": "BBC. Doctor Who also spawned spin-offs in multiple media, including Torchwood", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": "Christopher Eccleston", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": "BBC. Doctor Who also spawned spin-offs in multiple media, including Torchwood", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": "Peter Capaldi", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "Peter Capaldi", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": "Mark I Type 40 TARDIS", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "a \"chameleon circuit", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "chameleon circuit", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "blue British Police box", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": "one or more companions", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": "regenerate", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": "regenerate", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "Daleks", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": "regenerate", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "23 November 1963", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "BBC's first merchandising boom", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "Newman and Wilson", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "Daleks", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "25 minutes", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": "26", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": "Jonathan Powell", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "Sophie Aldred", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": "the decision not to commission", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": "co-star Sophie Aldred", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "Philip Segal", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": "Philip Segal, a British expatriate who worked for Columbia Pictures' television arm in the United States", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": "Fox", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": "9.1 million", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": "UK", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Rose", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "2009", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": "Moffat", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Christmas Day specials", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": "1989", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "telefilm", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "2005", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": "Galactica and Bionic Woman", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": "telefilm", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": "30 November 1963", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": "eighty seconds", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "John F. Kennedy", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": "eighty seconds", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "John F. Kennedy", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "Hiding behind (or 'watching from behind') the sofa\" entered British pop culture", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "the Moving Image in London", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": "the Moving Image in London named their exhibition celebrating the programme \"Behind the Sofa", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "Digital Spy", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": "Digital Spy", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": "the drama programmes the corporation", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": "3%", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": "Philip Howard", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": "violence", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "journalist", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "TARDIS", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "blue police box design", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": "blue police box design", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": "Anthony Coburn", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": "2002", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": "26", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": "23 November 1963", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": "12", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "rogue", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "Black Guardian Trilogy", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": "2005", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "13 45-minute", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": "Christmas Day", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "End", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": "2010", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "826", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": "Daleks", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "eight", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "60 minutes' duration, one of 72 minutes", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "1984", "572803493acd2414000df229": "William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton", "572803493acd2414000df22a": "97 of 253", "572803493acd2414000df22b": "3, 4, & 5", "572803493acd2414000df22c": "1978", "572803493acd2414000df22d": "six years", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "8 mm cine film and clips that were shown on other programmes", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": "videotape", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "The Massacre of St Bartholomew", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": "8 mm cine", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": "all of the lost episodes exist from home viewers who made tape recordings of the show", "572805363acd2414000df26d": "the BBC", "572805363acd2414000df26e": "Cosgrove Hall", "572805363acd2414000df26f": "1968", "572805363acd2414000df270": "Theta-Sigma", "572805363acd2414000df271": "November 2006", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "Hartnell's Doctor had merely described undergoing a \"renewal,\" and the Second Doctor underwent a \"change of appearance\"", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "William Hartnell's poor health. The actual term \"regeneration\" was not initially conceived of until the Doctor's third on-screen", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "star William Hartnell's poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "William Hartnell's poor health", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "Hartnell's Doctor had merely described undergoing a \"renewal,\" and the Second Doctor underwent a \"change of appearance", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": "13", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "regenerate the Doctor a thirteenth time. The episode \"The Time of the Doctor\" depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "Assassin and Mawdryn Undead", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "1996", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": "John Hurt guest-starred as a hitherto unknown incarnation of the Doctor known as the War Doctor", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "the Doctor", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": "Michael Jayston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "Michael Jayston", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": "Eccleston", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "Matt Smith", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": "Richard Hurndall", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": "Colin Baker. In 2007, Peter Davison", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": "Matt Smith", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "\"The Day of the Doctor", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": "Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": "Zagreus", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "Paul McGann", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "Peter Davison, Colin Baker, Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann came together again to star in the audio drama The Four Doctors.", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": "2003", "57280e323acd2414000df349": "Lodger", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "Mawdryn Undead", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "Mawdryn Undead", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "The Lodger", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "1983", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": "Susan Foreman", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": "2005", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "Dr. Constantine", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "Susan Foreman. In the 1967 serial, Tomb of the Cybermen, when Victoria Waterfield", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": "Deadly Assassin", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "manufacturing peril", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "Romana", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": "Sarah Jane Smith", "572811434b864d190016438c": "the 2005 revival", "572811434b864d190016438d": "Tyler", "572811434b864d190016438e": "Amy Pond", "572811434b864d190016438f": "Steven Moffat", "572811434b864d1900164390": "Catherine Tate) with Mickey Smith", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": "Russell T Davies", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "1, Cybermen in series 2", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": "Slitheen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": "1, Cybermen", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": "Slitheen", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": "Daleks are Kaleds", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": "Skaro", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "Kaleds", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": "Davros", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "eyestalk", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "Master is the Doctor's archenemy, a renegade Time Lord who desires to rule the universe. Conceived as \"Professor Moriarty", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "archenemy", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": "Eric Roberts", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "archenemy", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": "Roger Delgado", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "Michelle Gomez", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Derek Jacobi provided the character's re-introduction in the 2007 episode \"Utopia", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female incarnation or \"Time Lady", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": "Michelle Gomez", "572816213acd2414000df429": "Ron Grainer", "572816213acd2414000df42a": "BBC Radiophonic", "572816213acd2414000df42b": "tape loops", "572816213acd2414000df42c": "17 (1979", "572816213acd2414000df42d": "Grainer", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": "Peter Howell", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "John Debney", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": "Seventh", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": "John Debney", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "Christmas Invasion\", Gold introduced a modified closing credits arrangement", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "Gold", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": "Classic FM", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "Christmas special", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "228", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "the Doctor", "572819864b864d190016447e": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d190016447f": "Jon Pertwee", "572819864b864d1900164480": "24", "572819864b864d1900164481": "KLF) released the single \"Doctorin", "572819864b864d1900164482": "KLF) released the single \"Doctorin", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": "Dudley Simpson", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": "Jon Pertwee/Tom Baker", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": "Planet of Giants", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": "Weng-Chiang (as a Music hall", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": "Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": "David Tennant", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": "27 July 2008", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "\"Music of the Spheres", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "Murray Gold and Ben Foster", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "the second and third featured music from the third and fourth series", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "Christmas special: \"A Christmas Carol\"", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "A Christmas Carol\"", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "February 2011", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "the Second Doctor", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "the Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insignia removed and the font", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "Eighth", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "Eighth", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "Eighth", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "John F. Kennedy", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": "John F. Kennedy", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "1970s", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "1964\u20131965", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": "BBC One channel", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "18 months", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "BBC Board of Control, a leading cause of the programme's 1989 suspension. Some fans considered this disingenuous", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": "BBC Board of Control, a leading cause of the programme's 1989 suspension", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "soap opera Coronation Street", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": "2005", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": "BBC One", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": "New Zealand", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "CITV in Edmonton", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": "two", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": "23 November", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "ABC", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "repeats on ABC2", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": "BBC UKTV", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "repeats on ABC2", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "BBC UKTV", "572825714b864d1900164590": "2005", "572825714b864d1900164591": "Weng-Chiang", "572825714b864d1900164592": "YTV", "572825714b864d1900164593": "Weng-Chiang", "572825714b864d1900164594": "Judith Merril", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": "Christopher Eccleston", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": "The Christmas Invasion", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "Christmas Invasion\"", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "9 October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": "Christmas Invasion", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "Canada and the United States", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": "DVD", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "Blu-ray", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": "Spearhead", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": "2009", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "Trevor Martin", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "Trevor Martin", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "Terry Nation wrote The Curse of the Daleks, a stage play mounted in the late 1960s, but without the Doctor", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "Trevor Martin", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "Trevor Martin", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": "Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": "22 October 2006", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": "2008", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": "Martha Jones", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "Torchwood", "57282f204b864d190016468a": "Elisabeth Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith", "57282f204b864d190016468b": "24 September 2007", "57282f204b864d190016468c": "2010", "57282f204b864d190016468d": "2010", "57282f204b864d190016468e": "due to the death of Elisabeth Sladen", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": "charity", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": "special, titled Dimensions", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "EastEnders", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "Pulfrich", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "Pulfrich", "572831512ca10214002da04a": "Rowan Atkinson) encounters both the Master (Jonathan Pryce) and the Daleks", "572831512ca10214002da04b": "four", "572831512ca10214002da04c": "Richard E. Grant", "572831512ca10214002da04d": "Richard E. Grant", "572831512ca10214002da04e": "Moffat", "572833662ca10214002da086": "Neutral Zone\") and Leverage. In the Channel 4 series Queer as Folk (created by later Doctor Who executive producer Russell T. Davies", "572833662ca10214002da087": "Blue Harvest\" and \"420\", and the game RuneScape", "572833662ca10214002da088": "Queer as Folk", "572833662ca10214002da089": "Oliver", "572833662ca10214002da08a": "adult fantasy novels Brisingr and High Wizardry", "572834524b864d1900164716": "abridge", "572834524b864d1900164717": "Ten years", "572834524b864d1900164718": "Pescaton", "572834524b864d1900164719": "1966", "572834524b864d190016471a": "Pescatons", "572835854b864d190016472e": "Paul McGann", "572835854b864d190016472f": "Paul McGann's Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker", "572835854b864d1900164730": "Big Finish Productions", "572835854b864d1900164731": "2001", "572835854b864d1900164732": "2012", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "1991", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "mid-sixties through to the present day. From 1965", "572836732ca10214002da0de": "mid-sixties through to the present day", "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Panini", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": "Panini", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "early 1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": "BBC Television", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": "BBC takes no position on the canonicity of any of such stories, and producers", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": "BBC", "572838323acd2414000df737": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df738": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df739": "2011, Matt Smith became the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor and in 2016", "572838323acd2414000df73a": "Matt Smith", "572838323acd2414000df73b": "BAFTA Television Award", "57283a392ca10214002da118": "Guinness World Records as the longest-running science fiction television show in the world", "57283a392ca10214002da119": "iTunes", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "Institutional Peabody", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": "2013", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "iTunes", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": "Season 11", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": "a Channel 4 countdown", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": "EastEnders and Casualty", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": "SFX magazine", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "third", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": "British television award", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": "2009", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "Doctor", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": "Matt Smith won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards alongside Karen Gillan", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "200", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "Matt Smith", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": "Matt Smith won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards alongside Karen Gillan", "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Spike Milligan", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "Lenny Henry. Jon Culshaw", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "invades his bathroom", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "The Chaser", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "BBC Dead Ringers", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "UChicago", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "four", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "15,000", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "the Chicago school of economics", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "department", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "Stagg Field", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "Chicago", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "2020", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": "Baptist Education Society", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "American Baptist Education Society", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": "William Rainey Harper", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": "1891", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": "1891", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": "John D. Rockefeller on land donated by Marshall Field", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": "Silas B. Cobb who provided the funds for the campus' first building, Cobb Lecture Hall", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "Silas B. Cobb who provided the funds for the campus' first building, Cobb Lecture Hall", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "$100,000", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "Martin", "572843304b864d1900164848": "University of Chicago", "572843304b864d1900164849": "1896", "572843304b864d190016484a": "University of Chicago agreed to confer", "572843304b864d190016484b": "Chicago professors", "572843304b864d190016484c": "1910", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "Common Core", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "24-year", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "1929", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "1950s", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "identical examinations and courses", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "after their second year", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "Hyde Park", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "very young students to attend college", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "1962", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "George Beadle", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "two", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "social and political action", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": "2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": "Milton Friedman Institute", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "$200 million", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "Chicago Theological Seminary", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "David G", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "Henry Ives", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "Magdalen", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "Henry Ives Cobb", "57284d484b864d1900164900": "1940s", "57284d484b864d1900164901": "Eero Saarinen", "57284d484b864d1900164902": "Social Service Administration", "57284d484b864d1900164903": "Edward Durrell Stone", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "2003", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "Singapore, London", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "Beijing", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "University of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "University of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "2015", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": "The University of Chicago is governed by a board of trustees", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": "University of Chicago", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": "fourteen", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Andrew Alper", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "Daniel Diermeier", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "The Higher Learning Commission", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "28", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "28", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "five", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "New Collegiate Division administers interdisciplinary majors and studies which do not fit in one of the other four divisions", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "Chicago", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "17", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "intense learning experience.\"", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "demanding standards, heavy workload and academic difficulty; according to Uni", "572855973acd2414000df925": "Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School", "572855973acd2414000df926": "Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School", "572855973acd2414000df927": "four", "572855973acd2414000df928": "university's Urban Education Institute", "572855973acd2414000df929": "South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition, the Hyde Park Day School", "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da191": "9.8 million volumes", "572856beff5b5019007da192": "Regenstein Library", "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", "572856beff5b5019007da194": "1.3 million", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "113", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "university", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "Fermilab", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "Sunspot, New Mexico", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "shaping ideas", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "Chicago Pile-1", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "Willard F. Libby", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "1953", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "1933", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "2000", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "2002", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "Several thousand", "572863363acd2414000df985": "3,468", "572863363acd2414000df986": "15,244", "572863363acd2414000df987": "15,244", "572863363acd2414000df988": "15,244", "572863363acd2414000df989": "international students comprised almost 19% of the overall study body, over 26% of students were domestic ethnic minorities", "572864542ca10214002da2de": "Chicago", "572864542ca10214002da2df": "NCAA's Division III", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "Jay Berwanger", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": "the university chose to withdraw from the conference", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": "over 400", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": "University of Chicago", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": "University of Chicago College Bowl Team", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "Doc Films, organizing committee for the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": "Off-Off Campus, and the university-owned radio station WHPK", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "University of Chicago", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "University of Chicago", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "two", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "$2 million", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "fifteen", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "Alpha Phi Omega", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "fifteen", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "May", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "1987", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "Breeze", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": "Breeze", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "Satya Nadella", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "Jon Corzine", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "Saul Alinsky, Obama", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "Saul Alinsky", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": "Robert Bork", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": "Marek Belka", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": "Eliot Ness", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": "Allan Bloom", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": "Kurt Vonnegut", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": "New York Times", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": "author Studs Terkel", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": "Philip Roth, Canadian", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": "Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": "Katherine Dunham", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": "Halo", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": "Sarah Koenig", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": "Mike Nichols", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": "Carl Sagan", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "John M", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "astronomers Carl Sagan", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "John B. Goodenough, mathematician and Fields Medal recipient Paul Joseph Cohen, and geochemist Clair Cameron Patterson", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Paul Joseph Cohen, and geochemist Clair Cameron Patterson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "Milton Friedman", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "Ronald Reagan and Conservative", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "Eugene Fama", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "Eugene Fama", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "Samuel Reshevsky", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "Samuel Reshevsky", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": "faculty in physics have included the speed of light calculator", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": "Millikan", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": "Enrico Fermi", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": "Enrico Fermi", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": "Maria Goeppert-Mayer", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "James Henry Breasted, mathematician Alberto Calder\u00f3n, Nobel prize winning economist and classical liberalism defender Friedrich Hayek, meteorologist Ted Fujita", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": "Alberto Calder\u00f3n", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": "James Henry Breasted, mathematician Alberto Calder\u00f3n, Nobel prize winning economist and classical liberalism defender Friedrich Hayek, meteorologist Ted Fujita", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": "Glenn T. Seaborg, the developer of the actinide concept and Nobel Prize winner Yuan T", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": "Charles Brenton Huggins and Janet Rowley, astronomer Gerard Kuiper", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "Raghuram Rajan", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "Goldman Sachs", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "David Bevington", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "the anthropologist Marshall Sahlins, historian Dipesh Chakrabarty", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "D\u00e0 Yu\u00e1n; Mongolian: Yehe Yuan Ulus", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "Chinese: \u5143\u671d; pinyin: Yu\u00e1n Ch\u00e1o", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "1271", "572860e03acd2414000df977": "Mongol Empire and an imperial Chinese dynasty", "572860e03acd2414000df978": "imperial Chinese dynasty", "572860e03acd2414000df979": "imperial Chinese dynasty", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "Genghis Khan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "Kublai Khan imposed the name Great Yuan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Great Yuan", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great Yuan Great Mongol State", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "Great Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "Turkic", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": "1206", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": "\u00d6gedei Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "1206", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "G\u00fcy\u00fck", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "Khitan", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "3 Tumens", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Khitan", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "10,000", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "three", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Bingzhi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "Jin dynasty", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "Shi Tianze was a Han Chinese who lived in the Jin dynasty. Interethnic marriage between Han and Jurchen", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Bingzhi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "M\u00f6ngke Khan", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "southern China", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "Ariq", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "Chinese era", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "Ogedei", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "the south", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "prince Wonjong as the ruler of Korea, making it a Mongol tributary state", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "in 1259", "572867d72ca10214002da300": "1262", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "preserving Mongol", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "Imperial Secretariat and left the local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "Kublai", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "four", "572869b84b864d19001649af": "Kublai's government after 1262", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "Karakorum", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "Karakorum", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "1264", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "Zhongdu", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "Confucian propriety and ancestor veneration", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "circulation of paper banknotes", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "peace", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "southern China", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "southern China", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "Marco Polo", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "Quzhou", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "1115\u20131234", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "1115\u20131234", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "north appointed Kong Duanyou's brother Kong Duancao", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "30,000", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "northern China", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "1268", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "rich Yangzi River basin", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "Hangzhou", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "Bing of Song. The Mongols defeated the loyalists at the battle of Yamen in 1279", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "1281", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "1281 failed because of an inauspicious typhoon", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "Annam (Dai Viet) crushed and defeated the Mongols at the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "1253", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "Tem\u00fcr Khan", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "1285", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Emperor Chengzong", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "1307", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "emperor, Buyantu Khan", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "Li Meng", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Emperor Gegeen Khan", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "1321 to 1323", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "Baiju", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "Chinese", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "five", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "Shangdu", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "Tugh Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "four days", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "El Tem\u00fcr", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "Tem\u00fcr, and Tugh Tem\u00fcr", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "El Tem\u00fcr, Tugh Tem\u00fcr is known for his cultural contribution", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "1329", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "Tem\u00fcr", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "1332", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Emperor Ningzong", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "13-year-old Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Emperor Huizong", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "Jin", "572872822ca10214002da374": "weakening Yuan armies", "572872822ca10214002da375": "too Chinese", "572872822ca10214002da376": "intrigues", "572872822ca10214002da377": "Chinese", "572872822ca10214002da378": "short and marked by intrigues", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "1340s", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "Red Turban Rebellion", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "fear of betrayal", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "Red Turban rebels, Toghun Tem\u00fcr", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "1368", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "Buddhism", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "Ilkhanate", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "Persia", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "the Yuan dynasty", "572879574b864d1900164a14": "Western musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts", "572879574b864d1900164a15": "Tibetan", "572879574b864d1900164a16": "Tibetan Buddhism) flourished, although Taoism", "572879574b864d1900164a17": "Confucian", "572879574b864d1900164a18": "travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "the Great Khan", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "Marco", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "Marco", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "Marco Polo acquired much of his knowledge through contact with Persian traders", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "Guo Shoujing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "365.2425 days of the year, which was only 26 seconds", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "granaries", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing became the terminus of the Grand Canal of China", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "food", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "The Yuan dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "Eternal Heaven", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "Song dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "Song dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "China", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "Khan", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "native Chinese dynasties, the Yuan bureaucracy actually consisted of a mix of elements from different cultures. The Chinese-style", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "Liu Bingzhong and Yao", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "central government administration was established within the first decade of Kublai's reign", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "Sui and Tang dynasties", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "Sui and Tang dynasties", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Mongols and Semuren", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "the Privy Council", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "1269", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "Mongolian, Tibetan", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "Tugh Temur", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "Tangut", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Temur", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "1290", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "1291", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "the Yuan dynasty", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "sanqu type of qu", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "painting", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "Song dynasty and the Yuan dynasty", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "qu", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "zaju", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "western khanates, the Yuan dynasty", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "Buddhism", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": "Christianity", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "Tibetan Affairs (Xuanzheng Yuan", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "Sakya", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249\u20131314", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "1249\u20131314", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "The mathematician Zhu Shijie (1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four unknowns using a rectangular array of coefficients", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "polynomial algebra were made by mathematicians during the Yuan era", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "1303", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "mathematics", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "a cubic interpolation formula", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "a cubic interpolation formula for his astronomical calculations. His calendar, the Shoushi Li", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "a cubic interpolation formula for his astronomical calculations. His calendar, the Shoushi Li", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "1281", "572881022ca10214002da416": "non-Mongol physicians", "572881022ca10214002da417": "traditional Mongol shamans. The Mongols", "572881022ca10214002da418": "herbal remedies", "572881022ca10214002da419": "Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da41a": "it ensured a high income and medical ethics were compatible with Confucian virtues", "572881704b864d1900164a50": "four", "572881704b864d1900164a51": "Four Great Schools\" that the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty", "572881704b864d1900164a52": "the Mongols, the practice of Chinese medicine spread to other parts of the empire", "572881704b864d1900164a53": "medical techniques", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "1277\u20131347", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "Muslim medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "1263", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "physicians", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "huihui or Muslim medicine", "572882242ca10214002da420": "the Yuan", "572882242ca10214002da421": "Wang Zhen", "572882242ca10214002da422": "12th century", "572882242ca10214002da423": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", "572882242ca10214002da424": "1273", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": "Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": "the bark of mulberry trees", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "1275", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "woodblocks", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "1275", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "patrimonial feudalism", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and the traditional Chinese autocratic-bureaucratic system", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "Mongols", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "colonial\" coloration", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "Ilkhanate", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "Han Chinese and Khitans", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "Han Chinese and Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Bukhara", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "Genghis Khan", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand was a Qara-Khitay", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "the Yuan Emperors", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "Islamic", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "Zhu", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "\"", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "the Yuan dynasty", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "Frederick W. Mote", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four-class system", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "less rich Mongol and Semu", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "less rich Mongol and Semu", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": "Northern Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "Northern Chinese", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "because southern China", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "lower", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "Karluk Kara-Khanid", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "Uighur King of Qocho", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "Karluk Kara-Khanid", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "Central Region, consisting of present-day Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "Secretariat", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "Zhongshu Sheng) at Khanbaliq", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "Zhongshu Sheng", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "Africa", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": "East African Community", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": "Kenya", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": "Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": "45 million", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "humid tropical", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": "Kenya has a warm and humid tropical", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": "Mount Kenya, which has snow permanently on its peaks", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": "Ethiopia", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": "safaris", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "Lower Paleolithic period", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": "first millennium AD", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "around 97% of the nation's residents", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": "19th century", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "December 1963", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": "Mount", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "the Kikuyu, Embu and Kamba", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "God", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "both Kenia and Kegnia", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "African pronunciation /\u02c8k\u025bnj\u0259/. An 1882 map drawn by Joseph Thompsons", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "Joseph Thompson", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "1862", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "Five\" game animals of Africa", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "game animals of Africa", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": "Masai Mara", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": "June and September", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": "2,900 kilometres", "5728fa576aef051400154920": "20 million years ago", "5728fa576aef051400154921": "1.8 million to 350,000 years ago", "5728fa576aef051400154922": "Kamoya Kimeu", "5728fa576aef051400154923": "1.6-million-year-old fossil belonging to Homo erectus", "5728fa576aef051400154924": "Louis Leakey", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": "Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "Portuguese", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": "many merchants", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "Kenyan coast is the City of Malindi", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": "14th century", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": "August 1914", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known) and German East Africa", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": "Lt Col Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "an effective guerrilla warfare campaign", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": "Northern Rhodesia", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "central highlands", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": "80,000 white settlers living in Kenya", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": "itinerant farmers", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": "80,000", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": "15 January 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "Mau Mau", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": "24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "4,686", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "Swynnerton Plan", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": "Jomo Kenyatta", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": "12 December 1963", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": "12 December 1964", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "Kenya became a republic under the name \"Republic of Kenya", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "queuing", "572909406aef0514001549dd": "widespread agitation for constitutional reform", "572909406aef0514001549de": "Daniel arap Moi", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": "presidential representative democratic republic. The President is both the head of state and head of government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": "Kenya is a presidential representative democratic republic", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "Daniel arap Moi", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "Executive power is exercised by the government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": "Kenya", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": "Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Kenya ranks low on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": "139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "corruption", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": "the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "National Unity", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "Odinga", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "Kibaki", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": "Agnes R.", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": "Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "Kenya", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "Kenya started peace meetings and the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": "28 February 2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": "Kenya's second Prime Minister", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": "PNU and ODM camps", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "strength in Parliament", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": "until the end of the current Parliament", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "The new office of the PM", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": "ODM", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": "Nairobi's Harambee House", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": "29 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "salvaging a country usually seen as one of the most stable and prosperous in Africa.", "572913626aef051400154a30": "A constitutional change was considered that would eliminate the position of Prime Minister", "572913626aef051400154a31": "4 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a32": "A constitutional change was considered that would eliminate the position of Prime Minister", "572913626aef051400154a33": "27 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a34": "Second Republic came into force", "572914441d04691400779025": "December 2014", "572914441d04691400779026": "Through the Jubillee Coalition, the Bill was later passed on 19 December in the National Assembly under acrimonious circumstances", "572914441d04691400779027": "Western countries", "572914441d04691400779028": "Through the Jubillee Coalition, the Bill was later passed on 19 December in the National Assembly under acrimonious circumstances", "572914441d04691400779029": "the Jubillee Coalition", "572914f46aef051400154a46": "US President Barack Obama", "572914f46aef051400154a47": "Barack Obama", "572914f46aef051400154a48": "China", "572914f46aef051400154a49": "July 2015", "572915621d0469140077902f": "peacekeeping missions around the world", "572915621d04691400779030": "the violence", "572915621d04691400779031": "human rights violations", "572915e43f37b31900478005": "Kenya\u2019s armed forces, like many government institutions in the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations. Because the operations", "572915e43f37b31900478006": "less in public view, and thus less subject to public scrutiny and notoriety", "572915e43f37b31900478007": "credible", "572915e43f37b31900478008": "wisdom and prudence of certain decisions of procurement", "572916f16aef051400154a56": "0.519, ranked 145 out of 186 in the world. As of 2005, 17.7% of Kenyans", "572916f16aef051400154a57": "Kenya", "572916f16aef051400154a58": "less than $1.25", "572916f16aef051400154a59": "frontier market or occasionally an emerging market", "572917743f37b3190047800d": "rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "572917743f37b3190047800f": "food security", "572917743f37b31900478010": "labour", "572917743f37b3190047800e": "75%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": "61%", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": "Kenya's services sector, which contributes 61% of GDP, is dominated by tourism", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "Kenya's services", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": "hypermarket", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": "Germany", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": "24%", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "tea, horticultural produce, and coffee. Horticultural produce and tea", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "Agriculture", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": "sharp weather-related fluctuations. Production downturns", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "maize", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "drought resistant", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "the pigeon pea", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": "20\u201325%", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": "local producer", "57291b461d04691400779049": "Africa", "57291b461d0469140077904a": "wheat", "57291b461d0469140077904b": "Africa", "57291b461d0469140077904c": "53%", "57291b461d0469140077904d": "Kenya", "57291beb1d04691400779053": "Kenya", "57291beb1d04691400779054": "14%", "57291beb1d04691400779055": "Mombasa and Kisumu", "57291beb1d04691400779056": "informal", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "Since AGO", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "2000", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "hydroelectric stations at dams", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "upper Tana River", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "1997", "57291f153f37b31900478043": "Turkana", "57291f153f37b31900478044": "10 billion", "57291f153f37b31900478045": "Exploration", "57291f153f37b31900478046": "20% to 25%", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": "$474 million", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "Chinese", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": "60", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "Kenyan coastal town of Kilifi", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": "environmental and social problems", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030, an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "National Climate Change Action Plan", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "Kenyan government unveiled Vision 2030, an economic development programme it hopes will put the country in the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": "robust delivery framework for the Action Plan and ensure climate change is treated as an economy-wide issue", "572920d73f37b31900478055": "Kenya. Most working children are active in agriculture", "572920d73f37b31900478056": "30%", "572920d73f37b31900478057": "9\u201318", "572920d73f37b31900478058": "child labour include poverty", "572921646aef051400154a78": "English", "572921646aef051400154a79": "English and Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a7a": "commerce", "572921646aef051400154a7b": "Swahili", "572922206aef051400154a8a": "Orthodox Christians", "572922206aef051400154a8b": "Orthodox", "572922206aef051400154a8c": "3 million", "572922206aef051400154a8d": "Nairobi", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": "around 300,000", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": "50%", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": "Christian", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": "300,000", "572924b53f37b31900478067": "Nurses treat 80%", "572924b53f37b31900478068": "dispensaries", "572924b53f37b31900478069": "65,000", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": "65,000 qualified nurses registered in the country; 8,600 clinical officers and 7,000", "572925491d046914007790c3": "Diseases of poverty", "572925491d046914007790c4": "Half", "572925491d046914007790c5": "malnutrition", "572925491d046914007790c6": "weak management and poor leadership in the public health sector are largely to blame.", "572925491d046914007790c7": "15 million", "572925a81d046914007790cd": "Kenya's first system of education was introduced by British colonists", "572925a81d046914007790ce": "12 December 1963", "572925a81d046914007790cf": "Ominde Commission", "572925a81d046914007790d0": "to introduce changes that would reflect the nation's sovereignty", "572925a81d046914007790d1": "Kenya's first system", "572926086aef051400154ac2": "Kenya", "572926086aef051400154ac3": "an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926086aef051400154ac4": "The committee recommended that the 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system be changed to an 8\u20134\u20134 system", "572926086aef051400154ac5": "1992", "572926653f37b31900478079": "January 1985", "572926653f37b3190047807a": "vocational subjects", "572926653f37b3190047807b": "It put more emphasis on vocational subjects", "572926653f37b3190047807c": "January 2003", "572926653f37b3190047807d": "about 70%", "572926d23f37b31900478083": "six years", "572926d23f37b31900478084": "six years and lasts 12 years comprising eight", "572926d23f37b31900478085": "high school or secondary school", "572926d23f37b31900478086": "join a polytechnic", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": "85%", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": "three", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "admission to Standard", "5729276c1d046914007790da": "those who proceed to secondary school or vocational training", "5729276c1d046914007790db": "national examination", "572927d06aef051400154ade": "Kenya", "572927d06aef051400154adf": "Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": "a peoples university", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "it is open to all irrespective of age, literacy level and has materials relevant to people of all walks of life", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "cricket, rallying, football", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "country", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "David Rudisha", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "middle-distance and long-distance athletics", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "six gold, four silver and four", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "six gold, four silver and four", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "Kenya", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "Kenyan athletics circles", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "economic or financial factors", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "Kenya has been a dominant force in women's volleyball", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "Cricket is another popular and the most successful team sport. Kenya has competed in the Cricket World Cup", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "2003", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "captain is Rakep Patel", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": "March 2007", "57292994af94a219006aa131": "motor rallying arena", "57292994af94a219006aa132": "Kenya", "57292994af94a219006aa133": "Bj\u00f6rn Waldeg\u00e5rd, Hannu Mikkola, Tommi M\u00e4kinen, Shekhar Mehta, Carlos Sainz and Colin McRae", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": "three", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": "10 o'clock", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": "kiamsha kinywa", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "Kenyans", "57293b843f37b31900478133": "the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments. It was first established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization", "57293b843f37b31900478134": "World Meteorological Organization", "57293b843f37b31900478135": "greenhouse gas concentrations", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "the main international treaty on climate change", "57293b843f37b31900478137": "43/53", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Korean economist Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "Korean economist", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "February 2015", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "governments and organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "350 government officials and climate change experts. After the opening ceremonies, closed plenary sessions were held. The meeting report states there were 322", "57293c246aef051400154bba": "Bureau, workshops", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": "by governments and organizations", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "WMO", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Costs of the Secretary and of housing the secretariat", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "it monitor climate related data", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "Lead authors of IPCC reports assess the available information about climate change based on published sources", "57293d116aef051400154bca": "sufficient quality", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "the \"grey literature\"), provided that they are of sufficient quality", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "fifteen", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "fifteen", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "fifteen", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "The coordinating lead authors are responsible for assembling", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "ten to fifteen \"lead authors", "57293e221d046914007791d5": "The executive", "57293e221d046914007791d6": "atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming", "57293e221d046914007791d7": "over half", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "global mean temperature", "57293e221d046914007791d9": "0.3 to 0.6 \u00b0C", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "2001", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16 national science academies", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "the journal Science", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "climate change", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "90%", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "Richard Lindzen", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "WGI Summary for Policymakers (SPM", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "TAR WGI", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "co-chair of TAR WGI, has responded to Lindzen's criticisms of the SPM", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "the SPM must be supported by scientific evidence", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "climate assessment reports, the IPCC is publishing Special Reports on specific topics", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "2011", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "2011", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "to climate assessment reports, the IPCC is publishing Special Reports on specific topics", "572940246aef051400154bec": "Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme", "572940246aef051400154bed": "industrial production", "572940246aef051400154bee": "publishing default emission factors, which are factors used to derive emissions estimates based on the levels of fuel consumption, industrial production", "572940246aef051400154bef": "WMO Executive Council and UNEP Governing Council resolutions and decisions as well as on actions in support of the UNFCCC process", "572940973f37b319004781a5": "poor application of well-established IPCC procedures", "572940973f37b319004781a6": "poor application of well-established IPCC procedures", "572940973f37b319004781a7": "an ICSI report", "572940973f37b319004781a8": "2035", "572941273f37b319004781ad": "working group II", "572941273f37b319004781ae": "Former IPCC chairman", "572941273f37b319004781af": "chairman Robert Watson", "572941273f37b319004781b0": "Martin Parry", "572941273f37b319004781b1": "clamour without substance\" and the IPCC had investigated the other alleged mistakes", "57294209af94a219006aa201": "1999", "57294209af94a219006aa202": "Michael E. Mann, Raymond S", "57294209af94a219006aa203": "hockey stick graph\"", "57294209af94a219006aa204": "MBH99", "57294279af94a219006aa209": "1000 and 1900", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "Fred Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project held a press event on Capitol Hill", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "Fred Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "May 2000", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation hearing on 18 July 2000. Contrarian John Lawrence Daly", "572943ab1d04691400779219": "Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "23 June 2005", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "Joe Barton", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "the House Science Committee", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "14", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "divergence", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "14 reconstructions covered 1,000", "572945b11d0469140077922f": "1 February 2007", "572945b11d04691400779230": "projections on temperature and sea level change with observations", "572945b11d04691400779231": "projections", "572945b11d04691400779232": "projections on temperature and sea level change with observations", "572949306aef051400154c68": "risks", "572949306aef051400154c69": "0.5\u20131.4 m [50\u2013140 cm] above 1990 levels", "572949306aef051400154c6a": "0.5\u20131.4 m [50\u2013140 cm] above 1990 levels", "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "coordinating lead author of the Fifth", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Michael Oppenheimer", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "Michael Oppenheimer, a long-time participant", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "environmental challenges", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "Montreal Protocol has been successful, in case of Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol failed", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "broad science consensus", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "Sheldon Ungar", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "emission reductions", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "regional burden sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "the UK government made a stronger argument in favor to combat human-made climate change", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "does not carry out its own research, it operates on the basis of scientific papers and independently documented results from other scientific bodies", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "science", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "the science", "572951f16aef051400154cce": "five", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "IPCC", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report, five climate scientists \u2013 all contributing or lead IPCC report authors \u2013 wrote in the journal Nature", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "a range of new organizational options", "572953013f37b3190047824d": "photosynthesis", "572953013f37b3190047824e": "NADPH while freeing oxygen from water", "572953013f37b3190047824f": "carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478250": "carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle", "572953013f37b31900478251": "1", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": "Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "environmental factors like light color and intensity", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "DNA", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": "photosynthetic cyanobacterium", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "around within plant cells", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": "algae", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Russian biologist", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "Russian biologist", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": "1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": "aerobic prokaryote", "572957361d046914007792cf": "blue-green algae", "572957361d046914007792d0": "chloroplasts", "572957361d046914007792d2": "they have two cell membranes. Cyanobacteria also contain a peptidoglycan cell wall", "572957361d046914007792d3": "peptidoglycan", "572957361d046914007792d1": "blue-green algae", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": "free-living cyanobacterium", "572957ad1d046914007792da": "around a billion years ago", "572957ad1d046914007792db": "lipid-bilayer membranes", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "phagosomal", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "lost", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": "three", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "chloroplast", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": "green chloroplast lineage", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "chloroplast", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": "glaucophyte chloroplast group is the smallest of the three primary chloroplast lineages", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "glaucophyte", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "red algae and plants", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "chloroplasts", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "icosahedral", "57295a116aef051400154d44": "chlorophyll a and phycobilins for photosynthetic pigments", "57295a116aef051400154d45": "red", "57295a116aef051400154d46": "catch more sunlight in deep water", "57295a116aef051400154d47": "catch more sunlight in deep water", "57295a116aef051400154d48": "granules", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "lost the peptidoglycan wall between their double membrane, and have replaced it with an intermembrane space", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": "accessory pigments", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": "green chloroplasts, are another large, highly diverse primary chloroplast lineage", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": "chloroplast division", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": "b", "572961f61d04691400779359": "double membrane from their cyanobacterial ancestor", "572961f61d0469140077935a": "four", "572961f61d0469140077935b": "chloroplasts", "572961f61d0469140077935c": "four", "572961f61d0469140077935d": "alga", "572962953f37b319004782f5": "green alga", "572962953f37b319004782f6": "chloroplasts derived from a green alga", "572962953f37b319004782f7": "three. Starch is stored in the form of paramylon", "572962953f37b319004782f8": "membrane-bound granules in the cytoplasm", "572962953f37b319004782f9": "endosymbiont", "572963221d04691400779385": "red-algal derived chloroplast", "572963221d04691400779386": "four membranes", "572963221d04691400779387": "nucleomorph", "572963221d04691400779388": "rough endoplasmic reticulum", "572963221d04691400779389": "two", "572963876aef051400154dd2": "chromalveolates", "572963876aef051400154dd3": "chromalveolates", "572963876aef051400154dd4": "malaria parasite", "572963876aef051400154dd5": "vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", "572963876aef051400154dd6": "amylopectin starch granules", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": "fatty acids", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": "cure apicomplexan-related diseases", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": "isopentenyl pyrophosphate synthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": "isopentenyl pyrophosphate synthesis", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": "four", "572965566aef051400154e00": "c2", "572965566aef051400154e01": "chloroplasts, along with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c2", "572965566aef051400154e02": "Starch", "572965566aef051400154e03": "red algal endosymbiont's original cell membrane", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "fucoxanthin dinophyte lineages", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": "two", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "six membraned chloroplast", "572966626aef051400154e13": "cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e14": "phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from a cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e12": "cryptophyte", "572966626aef051400154e15": "old ones", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "heterokontophyte", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "dinophytes, like Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have a diatom (heterokontophyte", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": "granules in the dinophyte host's cytoplasm", "572967e31d046914007793b1": "dinophyte nucleus", "572967e31d046914007793b2": "Lepidodinium", "572967e31d046914007793b3": "dinophytes", "572967e31d046914007793b4": "green algal derived chloroplast (more specifically, a prasinophyte", "572967e31d046914007793b5": "Lepidodinium", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": "endosymbiotic events", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "0.3\u20130.8% of the nuclear DNA in Paulinella is from the chromatophore", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": "about a million", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": "850", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "three million", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "ctDNA", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "structure and content", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "Chloroplasts have their own DNA, often abbreviated as ctDNA, or cpDNA", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "cyanobacteria", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": "chloroplast DNAs", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": "stabilize the rest of the chloroplast genome, as chloroplast DNAs", "572969f51d046914007793dd": "via electron microscopy since the 1970s", "572969f51d046914007793de": "two", "572969f51d046914007793e0": "a rolling circle mechanism", "572969f51d046914007793df": "double displacement", "572969f51d046914007793e1": "circular DNA", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": "DNA", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": "gradients", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": "second theory suggests that most cpDNA is actually linear and replicates through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": "through homologous recombination", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": "circular chromosomes", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": "bacteriophage T4", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": "circular", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": "circular", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": "via a D loop mechanism", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer is how we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "host's nucleus", "57296b151d046914007793f3": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer is how we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages", "57296b151d046914007793f4": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer is how we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": "pseudogenes", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": "half", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": "mitochondrion", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": "cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "a ribosome in the cytosol", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "chloroplast proteins", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "get imported into the chloroplast", "57296cb21d04691400779403": "star-shaped in Zygnema", "57296cb21d04691400779404": "lens-shaped", "57296cb21d04691400779405": "1\u20133 \u03bcm", "57296cb21d04691400779406": "lens-shaped", "57296cb21d04691400779407": "spiral", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "double membrane", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "double membrane is often cited as evidence that they are the descendants of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": "homologous", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "mitochondrial double membrane. This is not a valid comparison\u2014the inner mitochondria", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": "chloroplast membrane, which regulates metabolite passage and synthesizes some materials, has no counterpart in the mitochondrion", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "mitochondria", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "double membrane is also often compared to the mitochondrial double membrane", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "inner chloroplast membrane, which regulates metabolite passage and synthesizes some materials, has no counterpart in the mitochondrion", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "Stromules", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "stroma-containing tubule. Stromules", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": "They may exist to increase the chloroplast's surface area for cross-membrane transport", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "1962", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": "in the chloroplasts of C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": "in the chloroplasts of C4 plants", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "vesicles continuous with the inner chloroplast membrane", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "membranous tubes", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": "stroma and the cell cytoplasm", "57296eb01d04691400779435": "synthesize a small fraction of their proteins", "57296eb01d04691400779436": "about two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779437": "about two-thirds", "57296eb01d04691400779438": "ribosomes include some chloroplast-unique features. Small subunit ribosomal RNAs", "57296eb01d04691400779439": "chloroplasts and prokaryotes", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "singular plastoglobulus", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": "lipid monolayer", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": "about 45\u201360 nanometers", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": "lipid monolayer", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": "thylakoid or to another plastoglobulus", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "thylakoid network", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": "thylakoid network", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "thylakoid", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "higher plants", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": "spherical", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "Starch can also accumulate around the pyrenoids when CO2 is scarce", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "Starch can also accumulate around the pyrenoids when CO2 is scarce", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "around the pyrenoids when CO2 is scarce", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "helical thylakoid", "57296fd71d04691400779440": "circular", "57296fd71d04691400779441": "two to a hundred", "57296fd71d04691400779442": "two to a hundred", "57296fd71d04691400779443": "lamellar thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": "light energy and use it to energize electrons", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": "light energy and use it to energize electrons", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "energize electrons", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": "a large protein complex that harnesses the concentration gradient of the hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space to generate ATP energy", "572970916aef051400154eba": "two", "572970916aef051400154ebb": "helicoid sheets that spiral around grana. The flat tops and bottoms", "572970916aef051400154ebc": "granal thylakoids, which are arranged in grana, and stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma", "572970916aef051400154ebe": "pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "572970916aef051400154ebd": "about 300\u2013600 nanometers in diameter", "57297103af94a219006aa423": "thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa424": "thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa425": "\u03b2-carotene", "57297103af94a219006aa426": "bright red-orange", "57297103af94a219006aa427": "orange-red zeaxanthin", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": "cyanobacteria, and glaucophyte, red algal, and cryptophyte chloroplasts", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": "all colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": "cyanobacteria, and glaucophyte, red algal, and cryptophyte chloroplasts", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "photosystem I and ATP synthase, phycobilisomes jut into the stroma", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": "40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "572971af6aef051400154ede": "photosynthesis", "572971af6aef051400154edf": "a problem", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "a problem", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "Calvin cycle", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": "CO2", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": "photosynthesis", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "photosystem II", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": "photosynthesis", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": "sheath", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "C4 mesophyll cells", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": "green", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "photosynthetic parts of a plant", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": "multicellular plant contain chloroplasts. All green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": "collenchyma tissue", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": "100 chloroplasts", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": "stems, though in most plants, chloroplasts are concentrated in the leaves", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": "cacti, chloroplasts are found in the stems, though in most plants, chloroplasts are concentrated in the leaves", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "30\u201370", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": "One square millimeter of leaf tissue can contain half a million", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": "mesophyll", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "in a sheet", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": "cell wall", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": "cell wall", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "they move", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": "they move", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": "two", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "reactive oxygen species", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "defense-molecule production", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "by purposely damaging their photosynthetic system, producing reactive oxygen species", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "reactive oxygen species", "57297427af94a219006aa453": "cellular signals, reactive oxygen species are unstable molecules", "57297427af94a219006aa454": "begin producing molecules", "57297427af94a219006aa455": "cellular signals, reactive oxygen species are unstable molecules", "57297427af94a219006aa456": "chloroplast that regulate gene expression in the nucleus", "572974923f37b3190047840b": "photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "photosynthesis", "572974923f37b3190047840d": "oxygen", "572974923f37b3190047840e": "sugar and oxygen", "572974923f37b3190047840f": "sugar and oxygen", "572975073f37b31900478415": "H+", "572975073f37b31900478416": "mitochondria", "572975073f37b31900478417": "more hydrogen ions (up to a thousand times as many) inside the thylakoid system than in the stroma", "572975073f37b31900478418": "stroma", "572975073f37b31900478419": "mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy", "572975511d046914007794a7": "an electron transport chain", "572975511d046914007794a8": "Cyclic photophosphorylation is common in C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794a9": "C4 plants", "572975511d046914007794aa": "more ATP than NADPH", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "Calvin cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) molecules", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "six-carbon molecules", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": "five", "572976183f37b31900478431": "chloroplast can be linked together to make starch", "572976183f37b31900478432": "chloroplast", "572976183f37b31900478433": "chloroplast", "572976183f37b31900478434": "Waterlogged roots can also cause starch buildup in the chloroplasts", "572976183f37b31900478435": "photosynthesis", "572976791d046914007794af": "carbon dioxide very well, so it can accidentally add O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP", "572976791d046914007794b0": "oxygen concentration is too high", "572976791d046914007794b1": "to RuBP", "572976791d046914007794b2": "up to half", "572976791d046914007794b3": "pyrenoids. Chloroplasts in C4 plants are notable as they exhibit a distinct chloroplast dimorphism", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "stroma", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": "stroma", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "methionine", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "organelle carries out the last leg of the pathway or if it happens in the cytosol", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "Chloroplasts are a special type of a plant cell organelle called a plastid", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "undifferentiated proplastids", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": "zygote", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": "meristems", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": "chloroplast formation", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "chloroplasts", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": "chlorophyll", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": "yellow chlorophyll precursor stocked", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": "form chloroplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": "proplastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": "proplastids to develop straight into chromoplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": "chloroplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": "Chromoplasts and amyloplasts", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": "carrot", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "the proteins", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "the proteins", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "the proteins", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "chloroplast's stroma", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "chloroplast's stroma. The Min system", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "plastid-dividing rings, or PD rings", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "two plastid-dividing rings, or PD rings", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "about 5 nanometers", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "about 5 nanometers across, arranged in rows 6.4 nanometers", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "chloroplasts", "572978e66aef051400154f76": "dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts", "572978e66aef051400154f78": "dumbbell-shaped", "572978e66aef051400154f79": "dumbbell-shaped", "572978e66aef051400154f77": "dumbbell-shaped", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "not inherited from the male parent", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": "pollen", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "transplastomic plants at 3 in 1,000,000", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "pollen", "57296d571d04691400779413": "composite number. For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5", "57296d571d04691400779414": "prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors", "57296d571d04691400779415": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57296d571d04691400779416": "prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself", "57296d571d04691400779417": "1", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "trial division", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "fast methods are available for numbers of special forms, such as Mersenne numbers", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "fast methods are available for numbers of special forms, such as Mersenne numbers", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22,338,618", "572970c11d04691400779463": "around 300 BC", "572970c11d04691400779464": "Euclid", "572970c11d04691400779465": "statistical", "572970c11d04691400779466": "the 19th century, which says that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n is prime is inversely proportional to its number of digits", "572970c11d04691400779467": "end of the 19th century", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "primes), and the twin prime conjecture", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "the twin prime conjecture", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "Primes are used in several routines in information technology, such as public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "public-key cryptography", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "Goldbach's conjecture (that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes), and the twin prime conjecture", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "greater than 2", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "multiples", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "three distinct divisors", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "larger", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "ending in 0 or 5 are multiples of 5", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": "1", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": "Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": "Christian Goldbach", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "10,006", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "early Greeks did not even consider 1 to be a number, so they could not consider it to be a prime", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "modified", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "divisors", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "divisors", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "modified", "572978f91d046914007794d3": "Rhind", "572978f91d046914007794d4": "Egyptian fraction expansions in the Rhind papyrus", "572978f91d046914007794d5": "Euclid's Elements", "572978f91d046914007794d6": "Euclid", "572978f91d046914007794d7": "simple method to compute primes", "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f89": "Euler", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "22n + 1 are prime", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "2p \u2212 1", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "n = 4", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "if a complete list of primes", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "1", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "three", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "1", "57297d421d046914007794e5": "two", "57297d421d046914007794e6": "Monte Carlo", "57297d421d046914007794e7": "Monte Carlo", "57297d421d046914007794e8": "deterministic", "57297d421d046914007794e9": "faster", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "Fermat primality", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "little theorem", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "Carmichael", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "little theorem", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "little theorem", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "2p + 1", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "Sophie Germain primes", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "Lehmer test", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "Sophie Germain primes", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "Sophie Germain primes", "572982e66aef051400154f92": "Internet Mersenne Prime Search project", "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", "572982e66aef051400154f94": "US$100,000 prize for first discovering a prime with at least 10 million", "572982e66aef051400154f95": "Electronic Frontier Foundation", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "256kn + 1, 256k", "572985011d04691400779501": "prime", "572985011d04691400779502": "Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779503": "prime for any natural number n. Here represents the floor function, i.e., largest integer not greater than the number in question", "572985011d04691400779504": "one prime number p with n < p < 2n \u2212 2", "572985011d04691400779505": "2 many times", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "many prime numbers", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes. The picture below illustrates this with q = 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "congruent a modulo 9 is 1/6", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "red. The rows", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "3", "572989846aef051400154fc0": "zeta", "572989846aef051400154fc1": "\u03b6(1", "572989846aef051400154fc2": "\u03b6", "572989846aef051400154fc3": "1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 +", "572989846aef051400154fc4": "Euler", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "s = \u22122, \u22124", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "random noise", "57298ef11d04691400779530": "shorter intervals of length about the square root of x (for intervals near x). This hypothesis is generally believed to be correct", "57298ef11d04691400779531": "asymptotic distribution of primes", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "1912", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "two", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Chen's theorem says that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "three", "572991943f37b319004784a1": "2", "572991943f37b319004784a2": "2", "572991943f37b319004784a3": "Cram\u00e9r", "572991943f37b319004784a4": "n2 + 1", "572991943f37b319004784a5": "four", "57299326af94a219006aa515": "canonical", "57299326af94a219006aa516": "H. Hardy prided", "57299326af94a219006aa517": "1970s", "57299326af94a219006aa518": "creation of public key cryptography algorithms", "57299326af94a219006aa519": "pseudorandom number", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "q. Wilson", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal", "572995d46aef051400154fea": "composite", "572995d46aef051400154feb": "prime factor of q. Wilson's theorem says that an integer p > 1", "572995d46aef051400154fec": "prime", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "RSA and the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "modular", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "512", "572998673f37b319004784d5": "cicadas", "572998673f37b319004784d6": "grubs underground", "572998673f37b319004784d7": "17", "572998673f37b319004784d8": "Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground", "572998673f37b319004784d9": "2%", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "minimality or indecomposability", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "subfield", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "nontrivial knots", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "second", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "nontrivial knots", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "prime elements and irreducible elements", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "neither zero nor a unit", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "p divides x or y", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "Gaussian integers", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "a + bi", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "imaginary unit", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "Gaussian", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "ring theory", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "ring theory", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "ring", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic generalizes to the Lasker\u2013Noether theorem, which expresses every ideal in a Noetherian commutative ring", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "arithmetic generalizes to the Lasker\u2013Noether theorem, which expresses every ideal in a Noetherian", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "algebro-geometric objects", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "proving quadratic reciprocity, a statement that concerns the solvability of quadratic equations", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "proving quadratic reciprocity, a statement that concerns the solvability of quadratic equations", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "sharp contrast to the usual absolute value", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "Ostrowski's theorem", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "absolute value", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "local-global principle again underlines", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "Olivier Messiaen", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "French composer", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "ametrical music", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "third", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "composing was \"inspired by the movements of nature, movements of free and unequal durations", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "European river", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "more than 1,050,000 people", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn)", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "Germany", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "more than 1,050,000 people", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "Gaulish name R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "Rhin", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "Gaulish name R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "Gaulish name R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "Rhin", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "Rijn", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "*R\u012bnaz", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "Rhijn", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "\"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "\"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "The river length is significantly shortened from the river", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "Constance", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "the river's natural course", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "Constance", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "86 km", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "German: Rheintal", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal). Near Sargans a natural dam", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Austria", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "near Chur", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "86 km", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "599 m to 396 m", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "the Rhine", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "Switzerland", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "Constance", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "the Alter Rhein", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "the Alter Rhein", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "precipitating sediments. In the local Alemannic dialect, the singular is pronounced \"Isel", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "Gai\u00dfau, H\u00f6chst and Fu\u00dfach", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "delimited", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "the Alter Rhein", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "the Alter Rhein", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "Lake Constance forms an inland delta", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "Alemannic", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "Fu\u00dfach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "Fu\u00dfach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "parallel", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "lake will silt up the lake", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "Fu\u00dfach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fu\u00dfach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "Fu\u00dfach", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "Tuggenersee", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "lower lake", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "the Seerhein", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Swiss-Austrian border", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "upper lake", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "Austria near the Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "the Obersee (\"upper lake", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "Switzerland and Austria near the Alps", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "the Rhine, called the Seerhein (\"Lake Rhine", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "because of the greater density of cold water", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "green waters of Upper Lake", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "Rheinrinne (\"Rhine Gutter", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "Lindau", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "warmer, green waters of Upper Lake", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "the Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "the Constance hopper", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Rhine Gutter", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "the water level, this flow of the Rhine water is clearly visible along the entire length of the lake", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "the Hochrhein", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "more than doubles", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "Finsteraarhorn", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "Basel", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "the Hochrhein", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "Finsteraarhorn", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "Aare", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the \"Rhine knee\"; this is a major bend", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "knee", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "about 300 km", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "about 300 km long and up to 40 km", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the \"Rhine knee\"; this is a major bend", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "\"Rhine knee", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "North", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "High Rhine ends.", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "19th", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "increased and the ground water level fell", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "fell", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand Canal d'Alsace was dug, which carries a significant part of the river", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "large compensation pools", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "Upper Rhine region", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "the 19th Century", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "increased and the ground water level fell", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "fell", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "the river water", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "Germany", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "2,290 m3/s", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "The Rhine", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "400 m", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "Germany", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "Germany", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "Belgium", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "2,290 m3/s", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "Middle Rhine", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "Rhine Gorge", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "by erosion", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "Romantic Rhine\", with more than 40", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "Middle Rhine", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "the Rhine Gorge", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "Romantic Rhine\"", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "Romantic Rhine\"", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "70 m3/s", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Duisburg", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "Ruhr", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "drinking water", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "light industry and cleanup measures, such as the reforestation of Slag and brownfields", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Switzerland", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Duisburg", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "Ruhr", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "tourism", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "Sankt Goarshausen", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "the Rhine", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "Middle Rhine Valley", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Lorelei", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "Datteln Canal", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "Lippe", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "the 400 m wide river. Near Krefeld", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400 m wide river", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "Duisburg", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "the 400 m wide river. Near Krefeld", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400 m wide river", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "Waal", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": "Two thirds", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "west", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "water. Two thirds of the water", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "the Meuse", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "Dordrecht, farther down rejoining the Nieuwe Maas to form Het Scheur", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "the IJsselmeer", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "the Lek", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederrijn changes its name and becomes the Lek. It flows farther west", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "Lek", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederrijn changes its name and becomes the Lek", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": "Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "the Rhine", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Kromme Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "a sluice", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Rhine-Meuse", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "near Millingen aan de Rijn", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Rhine-Meuse", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "three", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "Waal and continues as Boven Merwede", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "the southern branch where it changes from Beneden Merwede into Noord, and Dordtse Kil", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "the Rip\") and Nieuwe Waterweg (\"New Waterway", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "St. Elizabeth's", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "1421", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "former bay Hollands Diep", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "1421 to 1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "flood protection", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "dammed", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "the second half of the 20th Century fundamentally. Currently Rhine water runs into the sea", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "dammed", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "second half of the 20th Century", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "tidal", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "tidal currents", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "Zaltbommel", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "Tethys sea", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "Jurassic Period", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "Iberia", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "Iberia", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "Upper Rhine Graben", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "Eocene", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "the Miocene", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "Rhone", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "By the Pliocene period", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "Pliocene", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "Vosges Mountains", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "geological period of the Ice Ages", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "120 m", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "English Channel", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "the river", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "74,000", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "west through the Netherlands and extended to the southwest", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "120 m (390 ft)", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "Atlantic Ocean", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "A tundra", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "Atlantic Ocean", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "ca. 22,000", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "sheets", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "loess", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "22,000 years ago", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": "thaw", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": "the Rhine", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": "about 13,000 BP", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "9000 BP", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "7500 yr ago", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "coastal processes together, could compensate the transgression by the sea", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "7000 years", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "ongoing tectonic subsidence", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "about 1\u20133 cm", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "~11,700 years ago", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "~11,700 years ago", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "Glacial valley", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "Netherlands", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "peat mining", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "flooding", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "increasing land clearance (Bronze Age agriculture", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "11\u201313th century AD", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "80", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "North Sea", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "River IJssel", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "Rotterdam", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "a freshwater lake", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "three", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "1st century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "Germania", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "late Hallstatt culture since the 6th century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "Herodotus", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "AD", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "upper Danube", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "until the empire fell", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "northern section", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "The frontier", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "Pannonian troops); two legions at oppidum Ubiorum", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "Ubii", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "Ubii", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "5th century", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "the kingdoms of Francia", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "dragons rock", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Siegfried", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "Hagen", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": "9th, it formed part of the border between Middle and Western Francia, but in the 10th century", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": "10th century", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": "Lower Lorraine", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "1469", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "the Peace of Westphalia", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "since the Middle Ages", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "Napoleon", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "1840", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "end of World War I", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "1930", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "a demilitarised zone, with the German army forbidden to enter. The Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "The Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "1936", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "Arnhem", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "Germany", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "September 1944", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "Operation Market Garden", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "Cold War", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "1,230 kilometres", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "Lexikon", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "1,230 kilometres (764 miles)", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "1,230 kilometres (764 miles", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "1932", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "Scotland", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "The Act delineates", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to Westminster", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "Westminster", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "Scotland", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "three", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "Scottish national identity. Suggestions for a 'devolved' Parliament were made before 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "late 1960s", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "Scottish Assembly to legislate", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "North Sea", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "independence", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "Scottish independence", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "Edinburgh", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "1 March 1979 that represented at least 40%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": "51.6%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "51.6%", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "51.6%", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "Scottish Parliament", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "the Conservative Party", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1989", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "Convention", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "Holyrood area of Edinburgh", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "Spanish architect Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "Spanish", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "leaf-shaped", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Queen Elizabeth II", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "the meeting of the Church's General Assembly", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "Holyrood", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "Holyrood was being constructed, the Parliament's temporary home was the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "Aberdeen", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber in Glasgow", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "City of Edinburgh Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "Lothian Regional Council on George IV Bridge", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "Holyrood in 2004 this building was demolished. The former Midlothian County Buildings facing Parliament Square, High Street and George IV Bridge in Edinburgh", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "Parliament Square", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "General Assembly Hall, the Parliament also used buildings rented from the City of Edinburgh Council. The former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council on George IV Bridge", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "MSP", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "Tricia Marwick", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "MSP", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "two", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "A vote clerk sits in front of the Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "the Parliament functions effectively and has the staff", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "the Parliamentary Bureau", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "five", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "Presiding Officer", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "Scottish Parliament", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "Scottish Parliament has seating arranged in a hemicycle", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": "MSPs", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": "Scottish rivers", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "silver", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "the Queen", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity. The words There shall be a Scottish Parliament, which are the first words of the Scotland Act", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "a glass case suspended from the lid", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "October", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "the debating chamber", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "Chamber debates and committee", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "free", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "transcript", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Wednesdays", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "four minutes", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "the parliamentary bureau", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "parliamentary bureau", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "The Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "Deputy", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "different viewpoints and political parties", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "ministers or party leaders", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "Gaelic", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "5 pm", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "the sounding of the division", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "vote", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "orally", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "in seconds", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "political parties", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "political parties", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "MSPs, known as whips", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "moral", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "Parties entrust some MSPs, known as whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "after Decision Time a \"Members Debate\" is held, which lasts for 45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "Scottish minister", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "45 minutes", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "The relevant minister", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "MSP", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "in committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "stronger", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "backbenchers", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "evidence from witnesses, conduct inquiries and scrutinise legislation", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "Scotland", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "MSPs", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "the balance of parties across Parliament", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "Mandatory Committees are committees", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament are: Public Audit", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "beginning of each parliamentary session", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "one", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "Education and Culture; Health and Sport", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "Energy and Tourism", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "the Scottish Parliament", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "Bill Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "Bill Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Glasgow Airport Rail Link", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "The Scotland Act", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "Queen Elizabeth II", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "the devolved competencies", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "the supreme legislature of Scotland", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "the Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "local government, sport and the arts, transport, training, tourism, research and statistics and social work", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "3 pence in the pound", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "borrowing powers and some other unconnected matters such as setting speed limits and control of air guns", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "legislate", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "legislate on such issues that are reserved to, and dealt with at, Westminster (and where Ministerial functions usually lie with UK Government ministers", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "Westminster", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "Westminster", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "Scottish Government can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "Scottish Government", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "Parliament", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "an outside proposer", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "a number of stages", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "introductory", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "it then proceeds to Stage 2", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "Presiding Officer", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "introductory stage of the bill", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "whole Parliament agrees in a vote to the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "3", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "two", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "the final stage of the bill and is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "wrecking amendments\" to the bill, designed to thwart further progress", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "at Decision Time", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "the Monarch for royal assent and it becomes an Act of the Scottish Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Parliament", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "4", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received royal assent on [Date]\"", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "the Scottish Government", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "general election). Any member can put their name forward to be First Minister", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "Parliament", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "MSPs", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "the Sovereign", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "Thursday", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "May", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "the Monarch", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "28", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "28", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "procedures", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "Parliament", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "statements", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "the First Minister on issues related to the substance of the statement", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "Parliamentary time", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "Thursday", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "Scottish Government", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": "lead-in\" to the questioner", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "four", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "55,000", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "one", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "Orkney,", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "55,000", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "Parliament", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "d'Hondt", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "quotient", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "constituency", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "second seat. This is repeated iteratively until all available list seats are allocated", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "the House of Commons", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1981", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "18", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "Scottish Parliament", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "Scottish Parliament", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "Labour", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "151 votes", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "eight", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": "Scottish independence", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": "David McLetchie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": "Annabel Goldie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "net loss of five seats", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "Annabel Goldie", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "Cameron", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "procedural", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "Westminster", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "West Lothian question", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "Conservative", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "England", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "moral conservatism", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "Islamic values", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "state power seized by revolution or invasion; at the other \"reformist\" pole Islamists work to Islamize society gradually \"from the bottom up\"", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "poles", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "revolution", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "democratic", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "Lebanon", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "Lebanon", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "democracy", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "religious", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "what Graham E. Fuller has described as the fundamentalist \"guardians of the tradition\" (Salafis", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Sunni pan-Islamism", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "sharia", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "democracy", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "to maintain their legitimacy", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "posits", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "merely reflect Islam", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "an error", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "illiberal Islamic regimes, to the detriment of progressive moderates who seek to separate religion from politics", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "detriment of progressive moderates who seek to separate religion from politics", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "historical fluke of the \"short-lived era of the heyday of secular Arab nationalism", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "1945 and 1970", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "quietist/non-political Islam, not Islamism", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "dangerous enemies", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "weapons", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "mujahideen Muslim Afghanistan", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "bulwarks", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "weapons", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "Anwar Sadat", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "Egyptian President Anwar Sadat \u2013 whose policies included opening Egypt to Western investment", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "Israel \u2013 released Islamists from prison", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "piety and charity", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "Wahhabist", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "Saudi-based Wahhabism or Salafism. In its harshest form it preached that Muslims", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "Allah's sake,\" that democracy \"is responsible for all the horrible wars", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "gold", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "Saudi", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "Islamist movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood, \"are well known for providing shelters, educational assistance", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "incompetent", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "cost medical clinics", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "neglectful governments whose commitment to social justice is limited to rhetoric", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "to avoid prohibitively costly dowry demands", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "law and philosophy", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "Germany", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "Oxford University press", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "secular nationalism", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "secularism and secular nationalism weaken the spiritual foundations of Islam and Muslim society", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "Palestine and Syria", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "1930", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "the Pakistan movement", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": "journalism", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": "1941", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": "writing", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": "India", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": "journalism", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": "writing", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "India", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "Sharia", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "Islamic revolution", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "top of society downward through an educational process or da'wah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "1928", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Ismailiyah", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928 by Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928 by Hassan al Banna", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "imperialist", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "orders", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "Egypt", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "1948", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Gamal Abdul Nasser", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "Mohamed Morsi", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "75%", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "many years", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "Muslim", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi, an Islamist democrat of Muslim Brotherhood", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "economic stagnation", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "economic stagnation", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "socialism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "socialist and nationalist politics ensued", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "Qutb", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "Khomeini", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali Shariati", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "Mohammad Iqbal, ideological father of the State of Pakistan", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "Sharia law", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "conspiracy", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "Islamic", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "Shia terrorist", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "Islamic Republic", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "2006", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "Ahmadinejad's vehement opposition to the United States", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "Soviet Union", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "Afghanistan", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "Afghan Civil War", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "marginal", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "35,000", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "radicalize the Islamist movement was the Gulf War", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "Saddam", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "Saudi", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "the west", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "Muslims", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "prestige", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "kingdom", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "Algeria", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "the 9/11 attack.", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "Qutb", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "the Brotherhood", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "the 1970s, the Brotherhood", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "1970s", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "apostate\" leaders of Muslim states", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "apostate\" leaders of Muslim states", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "Islamic Group", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "al-Islamiyya", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "over 100 Egyptian police", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "Takfir wal-Hijra", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "Intifada", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "zeal", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "moderate than the PLO", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "HAMAS", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "Palestine", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "first foray into the political process", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "2007", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "Gaza", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "Hassan al-Turabi. His National Islamic Front first gained influence when strongman", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "foreign Islamist banking systems", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "university and military academy while serving as minister of education", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1985", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "al-Nimeiry", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "strict application of sharia law", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "the American attack on Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "unemployment among young Algerian men. The FIS won sweeping victories in local elections and it was going to win national elections", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "Algeria", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": "Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": "military coup d'\u00e9tat", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "the Soviet Union", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "Afghanistan", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "1996", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "political and tribal warlords", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "80%", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "Taliban", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "Pakistan", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "fundamentalist or neofundamentalist", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "Sharia", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "Wahhabism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": "July 1977", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": "alcohol and nightclubs", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "Islamism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "seizing power", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "acronym Daesh by its many detractors), is a Wahhabi/Salafi jihadist extremist militant", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "Iraq and the Levant\" and before that as the \"Islamic State of Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "ten million", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "recognition", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "a caliphate", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "2004", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "March 2003", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "notorious intransigence\")", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "March 2011", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "the European Union and member states", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "7th century", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "true Islamic system, something for which it blames", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "Kafir", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "armed jihad or work for a democratic system", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "ideological struggle", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "Jordan, and in 1974 in Egypt", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "terrorist groups and many jihadi terrorists", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "900,000", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "strong Islamist", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "free rein", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "the imam of the Finsbury Park Mosque", "57303048947a6a140053d254": "since 2001", "57303048947a6a140053d255": "State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d256": "Secretary Robert Gates", "57303048947a6a140053d257": "Defense Secretary", "57303048947a6a140053d258": "the communist ideology", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "imperium", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "to rule over large territories", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "Japanese", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "technologies and ideas", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "diplomacy or military force", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "Formal imperialism\" is defined as \"physical control or full-fledged colonial rule", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "state power", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "direct", "57306797396df919000960ee": "uneven trade agreements", "57306797396df919000960ef": "full-fledged colonial rule", "57306797396df919000960f0": "aggressiveness", "57306797396df919000960f2": "technological superiority", "57306797396df919000960f1": "rule is generally less costly than taking over territories formally. This is because, with informal rule", "573081c2069b531400832133": "an empire", "573081c2069b531400832134": "how developed and developing nation are portrayed through the world systems theory", "573081c2069b531400832135": "Russian leader Lenin", "573081c2069b531400832136": "political and economic authority over other nations", "573081c2069b531400832137": "capitalism", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "colonialism", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "political focus", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "state policy and is developed for ideological as well as financial reasons, colonialism", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "Robert Young", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "Imperialism and colonialism have been used in order to describe one's superiority", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "economic", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "imperialism and colonialism", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "an empire", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "the exploitation", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "indigenous populations", "5730876a396df9190009617a": "defense and justification of empire-building based on seemingly rational grounds. J. A. Hobson", "5730876a396df9190009617c": "imperialism was needed. Halford Mackinder", "5730876a396df9190009617b": "highest 'social efficiency", "5730876a396df9190009617d": "Hobson", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "whiteness", "573088da069b53140083216b": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216c": "Friedrich Ratzel of Germany", "573088da069b53140083216d": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216e": "Germany", "573088da069b53140083216f": "Royal Geographical Society of London", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "Geographical theories such as environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "temperate zone", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Orientalism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": "environmental determinism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "the superior and the norm", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": "generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": "eighteenth century", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": "generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": "Aboriginal inhabitants.", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "empty land", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "imaginative geography", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "imperialism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "rational and progressive West.", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "economic control of other territories", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "inferior", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "better illustrate this idea, Bassett focuses his analysis of the role of nineteenth-century maps", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "imperial and colonial powers", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "Bassett", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "French", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "pre-Columbian era", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "dozens", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": "Oyo Empire, Asante Union", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "Union, Luba Empire, Lunda Empire, and Mutapa Empire", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "when a country's influence", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "a country's influence", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "Dallas", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "Roman", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "bans", "57309446396df919000961b8": "around 1700", "57309446396df919000961b9": "Age of Imperialism", "57309446396df919000961ba": "thousands", "57309446396df919000961bb": "around 1700", "57309446396df919000961bc": "Open Door Policy\"", "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919\u20131980", "57309564069b5314008321a6": "1920\u20131999", "57309564069b5314008321a7": "1920\u20131999) constructed a framework for understanding European imperialism", "57309564069b5314008321a8": "economy", "57309564069b5314008321a9": "imperial powers", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "economic growth", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "mid-18th century", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "economic growth", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "political weakness of the Mughal state", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "communication", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "deadly explosives", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "European chemists made deadly explosives that could be used in combat, and with innovations in machinery they were able to manufacture improved firearms", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "Southern Africa", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "European chemists", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "British experience", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "late 1870s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "philanthropy", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "Hobson and Marxist", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "aristocracy", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "1950s", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "1967", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "domestic social reforms", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "by removing its economic foundation", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "a certain person's behaviours", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "living in tropical environments", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "colonialism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "orientalism and tropicality", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "colonizing empires", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic temperate climate", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "guidance and intervention", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "orientalism", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "colonizing empires", "5730a40f396df91900096234": "sixteenth century", "5730a40f396df91900096235": "1599", "5730a40f396df91900096236": "Queen Elizabeth", "5730a40f396df91900096237": "caused exploitation", "5730a40f396df91900096238": "Portuguese", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": "Catholicism", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": "North and West Africa", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "1830", "5730a951069b531400832213": "inferior", "5730a951069b531400832214": "Christianity and French culture", "5730a951069b531400832215": "Algeria", "5730a951069b531400832216": "Christianity", "5730a951069b531400832217": "Algeria", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "World War II", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "anti-colonial movements", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Vietnam", "5730aa52069b531400832220": "Algeria", "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": "Scandinavia", "5730ab63396df91900096263": "Muslim Iberia", "5730ab63396df91900096261": "middle period of classical antiquity; southern Europe in late antiquity", "5730ab63396df91900096262": "late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples; and by 800 CE", "5730ab63396df91900096264": "amorphous area of central Europe", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "late 19th century", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "1862\u201390", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "after the Franco-German War", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "Napoleon", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "Europe", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "German prestige", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "1883\u201384", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "New Guinea", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Hamburg merchants", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "Taiwan", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "1894", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thai/Japanese alliance. Its colonial ambitions were ended by the victory of the United States", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": "Manchuria", "5730b255396df919000962b0": "The Soviet Union and the People\u2019s Republic of China", "5730b255396df919000962b1": "1923", "5730b255396df919000962b2": "internationalist ideology: Lenin", "5730b255396df919000962b3": "World War II, the Soviet Union installed socialist regimes modeled on those it had installed in 1919\u201320 in the old Tsarist Empire", "5730b255396df919000962b4": "Tsarist", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "world revolution", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Union", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "Nikita Khrushchev", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "Joseph Stalin established 'socialism", "5730b541396df919000962c2": "mercantilism", "5730b541396df919000962c3": "1776", "5730b541396df919000962c5": "free", "5730b541396df919000962c4": "1820", "5730b541396df919000962c6": "1815", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "Scramble for Africa", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "pseudo-sciences", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "British Empire", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Scramble for Africa", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "opposition to Imperialism", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "interventionism", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "labor and government leaders in the US to condemn America's occupation in the Philippines as they also denounced them for causing the deaths of many Filipinos", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "Philippines", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "racket\" by Smedley Butler, an American general", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "President", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "American Empire", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "internal strife", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "indigenous peoples", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "12 to 15 million", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "the contemporary Orient", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "1299 to 1923", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Suleiman", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "multilingual empire", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "1923", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "colonial", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "Germany", "5730982f396df919000961e2": "United Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e3": "UMC", "5730982f396df919000961e4": "1968", "5730982f396df919000961e5": "the union of the Methodist Church", "5730982f396df919000961e6": "decidedly Wesleyan", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": "United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "80 million", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": "The United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "6%", "57309921396df919000961f6": "mid-18th century", "57309921396df919000961f7": "the mid-18th century within the Church of England", "57309921396df919000961f8": "the \"Holy Club", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": "1735", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": "Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": "Indians in the colony of Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": "salvation by God's grace", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": "the life and sacraments of the Anglican Church", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": "1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": "Thomas Coke", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": "Lovely Lane Methodist Church", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": "Lovely Lane Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fc": "St. George's United Methodist Church", "57309adb396df919000961fd": "St. George's United Methodist Church, located at the corner of 4th and New Streets, in the Old City neighborhood of Philadelphia", "57309adb396df919000961fe": "1767", "57309adb396df919000961ff": "sail loft on Dock Street", "57309adb396df91900096200": "1784", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen and Absalom Jones", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": "St. George's Church", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": "1836", "57309d31396df91900096210": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096211": "because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops in the denomination", "57309d31396df91900096212": "1844", "57309d31396df91900096213": "because of tensions over slavery and the power of bishops in the denomination", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": "April 23, 1968", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": "Dallas, Texas", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "Lloyd Christ Wicke", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": "United Methodist Church", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": "Discipline", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": "Chalcedon", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "the American Revolution", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": "Thomas Coke, already an Anglican priest", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": "Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat. Dr. Thomas Coke", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": "1968", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": "John Wesley and Charles Wesley", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": "Albert C. Outler", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": "Albert C. Outler led the team which systematized denominational doctrine. Outler's work proved pivotal in the work of union", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Prevenient", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "motivates", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "all people. It is that power which enables us to love and motivates us to seek a relationship with God through Jesus Christ", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": "God", "5730aeba069b531400832241": "Christ", "5730aeba069b531400832242": "grace", "5730aeba069b531400832243": "conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832244": "John Wesley", "5730aeba069b531400832245": "personal Lord and Savior", "5730afed069b53140083225f": "God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection", "5730afed069b531400832260": "a genuine love", "5730afed069b531400832261": "a genuine love", "5730afed069b531400832262": "strength", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "Wesleyan theology stands at a unique cross-roads between evangelical and sacramental, between liturgical and charismatic, and between Anglo-Catholic and Reformed theology and practice", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": "sacred tradition", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "gender, and ideology", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": "the UMC", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": "2008", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": "United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition, The General Board of Church and Society", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": "all women", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "the mother", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "the United Methodist Church", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "Paul T. Stallsworth", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "temperance", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "2012", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, \"The Use of Money", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "grape juice", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": "United Methodist Church", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": "The United Methodist Church", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": "the lex", "5730b54c069b531400832290": "United Methodist Church", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": "United Methodist Church", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "2016 after same-sex marriage was legalized nationwide, have provided blessings for same-sex marriages. In April of 2016", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": "localized option", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": "UMC", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": "many conferences", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": "2005", "5730b776069b5314008322be": "1987", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "Baltimore-Washington Conference of the UMC", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": "United Methodist Church opposes conscription", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": "military action, nor the way of inaction", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "United Methodist Church", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": "United Methodist Church", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": "war", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": "general and complete disarmament", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "Ethics", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": "United Methodist Church", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": "parishioners and family, and their perceptions of girls and women", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "IVF", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "federal funding", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "research", "5730c059069b531400832305": "John Wesley", "5730c059069b531400832306": "Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", "5730c059069b531400832307": "John Wesley himself provided a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": "Africa", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": "the Anglican tradition's Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": "anointing with oil", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": "Methodist institutions", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "William Booth, African missionary David Livingstone and Methodism's revered founder John Wesley", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "John Wesley", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": "United Methodist Church", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "General Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": "Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "United Methodist Church is organized into conferences. The highest level is called the General Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "every four years", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": "five", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": "seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": "the Philippines", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": "Bishops", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": "one or more Annual Conferences", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "church bishops", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "36", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "150,000 m2", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "Southern Methodist University", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": "nine", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "The Judicial Council", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": "eight-year term. The ratio of laity to clergy alternates every eight years", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "twice", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, is the basic unit of organization within the UMC. The term Annual Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "UMC. The term Annual Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "Annual Conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": "Discipline", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "three", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": "This committee", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "packages for tax purposes) and to elect officers to the committees", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "one hundred", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "three hundred", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "International Association of Methodist-related Schools", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": "John Wesley", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": "pastors", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": "deacon", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": "Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "Cabinet", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "one year at a time, it is most common for an appointment to be continued for multiple years", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "All clergy", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "Elders", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": "God", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": "2\u20133", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "Superintendents", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2\u20133", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "Holy Communion and Baptism, and may be granted sacramental authority", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "provisional elder/deacon", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": "deacon", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "Licensed Local Pastor' and is appointed as clergy to the local church", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "local", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "five", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "Associate Membership allowing them to retire as clergy", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": "through confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith. Individuals who were not previously baptized are baptized as part of their profession of faith", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": "Christian denomination", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": "profession", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "confirmation and membership preparation classes", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "confirmation classes", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": "Methodist-Christian theological tradition", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": "church lay servant, who serve in and through their local churches, and certified lay servants", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "certified lay servant", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": "at least one advanced course every three years", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "at least one advanced course every three years.", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "United Methodist Church is one tradition within the Christian Church", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": "observer", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": "theological and confessional differences in the interests of unity", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": "2000", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": "May 2012", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": "1985", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": "11 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "42,000", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": "8 million", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": "34,000", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": "Texas", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": "11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": "11.4 million", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": "11.4 million", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": "The UMC is also a member of the Wesleyan Holiness Consortium", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "John Wesley", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": "July 18, 2006", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754\u20131763", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "the colonies of British America and New France", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "The war was fought primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "The war was fought primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia in the North.", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "May 1754", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "1755", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "a disaster", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "due to a combination of poor management", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Monongahela", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "Braddock", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "William Pitt", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "military", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "New France", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "Sainte Foy", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "Anglo-French conflict", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "1740s, British colonists named the second war in King George's reign", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "the French and Indian War", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "the Seven Years' War, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain. American historians generally use the traditional name or sometimes the Seven Years' War", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "Fourth Intercolonial War and the Great War for the Empire", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "1756", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "six years", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "1760", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "Battle of Jumonville Glen", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "75,000", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": "St. Lawrence River valley, with some also in Acadia", "5733d5704776f41900661310": "traders", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "1.5 million", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "Nova Scotia and Newfoundland", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "south", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "native tribes", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "native tribes. To the north, the Mi'kmaq and the Abenaki", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "Nova Scotia, Acadia, and the eastern portions of the province of Canada, as well as much of present-day Maine", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "Iroquois", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "Cherokee", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "western portions of the Great Lakes", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "Iroquois Six Nations", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "French", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "no French regular army troops were stationed in North America, and few British troops", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "New France", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "de la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "la marine", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "30 Indians", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "the Native Americans", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "Miami chief known as \"Old Briton\"", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "severe consequences if he continued to trade with the British", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "severe consequences if he continued to trade with the British", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "All I can say is that the Natives of these localities are very badly disposed towards the French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "through raiding parties that included Indian allies, had taken place for decades, leading to a brisk trade in European colonial captives from either side", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "expansionist governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "1749", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "Virginia", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "Christopher Gist", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "Indian tribes at Logstown", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "Treaty of Logstown in which the local Indians, through their \"Half-King\" Tanacharison and an Iroquois representative", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "King George's War", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "King George's War", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "resolving issues in Europe", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "between Nova Scotia", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "300 men", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "Charles Michel de Langlade, an officer in the Troupes de la Marine. Langlade", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "Pickawillany", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin de la Malgue", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "Fort Presque Isle", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "Le Boeuf", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "Le Boeuf", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "colonel of the Iroquois", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "a colonel of the Iroquois", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "colonel of the Iroquois", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "Mohawk Chief Hendrick", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "Virginia", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "George Washington", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "Jacob Van Braam", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "December 12", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "Saint-Pierre", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "Dinwiddie", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "Over dinner, Washington presented Saint-Pierre with the letter from Dinwiddie demanding an immediate French withdrawal from the Ohio Country", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "to the region was superior to that of the British, since Ren\u00e9-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle", "5733f1784776f41900661575": "40", "5733f1784776f41900661576": "1754", "5733f1784776f41900661577": "Duquesne", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "a French scouting party", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "Jumonville Glen", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "to gain the support of the British and regain authority over his own people", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": "General Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France well before Braddock's departure for North America", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "February 1755", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "King Louis XV dispatched six regiments to New France under the command of Baron Dieskau", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "Braddock", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "to formalize a unified front", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "a unified front", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "the convening of the Albany", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "Braddock", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "1,500 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition in June 1755 to take Fort Duquesne", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "1,000", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "Thomas Gage", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "Niagara. As a response, Shirley left garrisons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "Fort Niagara. As a response, Shirley left garrisons", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "Marquis de Vaudreuil", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "Shirley's expected attack", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "William Henry", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "William Henry", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "Fort William Henry, and the French withdrew to Ticonderoga Point", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "vital supplies to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "Petitcodiac", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William Shirley", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "Albany", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "Fort Frontenac", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "north shore of Lake Ontario", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "General James Abercrombie", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "May 18, 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "Ohio valley", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "the British supply chain", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "45,000 pounds of gunpowder", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "Lake Ontario", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "The new British command was not in place until July. When he arrived in Albany, Abercrombie", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "Ticonderoga", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "Lake George", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "disagreed about the disposition of prisoners' personal effects", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "an attack on New France's capital, Quebec", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "Louisbourg", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "William Pitt", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "New York", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "Montcalm and 7,000", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "frozen Lake George", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "Montcalm", "57340111d058e614000b677d": "meager resources on the defense of the St. Lawrence", "57340111d058e614000b677e": "inflated prices", "57340111d058e614000b677f": "St. Lawrence", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "Duke of Cumberland", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "Pitt", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "three major offensive actions", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Two", "573403394776f419006616dd": "3,600", "573403394776f419006616de": "3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie's force of 18,000", "573403394776f419006616df": "Louisbourg", "573403394776f419006616e0": "Jeffery Amherst, victor at Louisbourg.", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "France's new foreign minister", "57340549d058e614000b67de": "Pitt again planned significant campaigns", "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Lagos and Quiberon Bay", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "James Wolfe", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "Fort Niagara successfully cut off the French frontier forts", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "Battle of Sainte-Foy", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "Fort Niagara", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "Governor Vaudreuil", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "any French residents", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "Governor Vaudreuil", "573408ef4776f41900661757": "10 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661758": "10 February 1763", "573408ef4776f41900661759": "France", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "cede the former", "57340a094776f4190066177d": "80,000", "57340a094776f4190066177e": "1755", "57340a094776f4190066177f": "North American provinces", "57340a094776f41900661780": "New Orleans", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "King George III", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "King George III", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "Appalachian Mountains", "57340d124776f419006617c3": "Cuba", "57340d124776f419006617c0": "illegal settlement", "57340d124776f419006617c1": "1769", "57340d124776f419006617c2": "Braddock and Forbes", "57340d124776f419006617bf": "elimination of French power in North America", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "stationary and moving objects", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "A fundamental error", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "three hundred years", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "a Standard Model to describe forces between particles", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "gauge bosons", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "electroweak", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "electroweak", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "fundamental electroweak interaction", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "Aristotle", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "four", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "17th century", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "an innate force of impetus", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "Galileo", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "friction", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "Newton", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "lack of net force", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "Newton proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "the concept", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "every", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "the laws of physics", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "parabolic", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "constant velocity", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": "physically indistinguishable. Inertia", "573749741c4567190057445d": "inertia", "573749741c4567190057445e": "constancy", "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein", "573749741c45671900574460": "gravitating object", "573749741c45671900574461": "the foundational underpinnings", "573750f51c45671900574467": "Second Law", "573750f61c45671900574468": "kinematic measurements", "573750f61c45671900574469": "General relativity", "573750f61c4567190057446a": "unclear", "573750f61c4567190057446b": "relative units of force and mass then are fixed", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "third law means that all forces are interactions between different bodies", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "third", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "unidirectional force or a force that acts on only one body", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "a force \u2212F", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "19-1", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "internal", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "19-1", "573766251c45671900574471": "intuitive understanding", "573766251c45671900574472": "temperature", "573766251c45671900574473": "Newtonian mechanics", "573766251c45671900574474": "experimentation", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "as \"vector quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "denoted scalar quantities", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "Associating forces with vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "ambiguous", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "impossible", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "quantitatively investigated in conditions of static equilibrium", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "magnitude and direction", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "net force", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "between their lines of action", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "the angle between their lines of action", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "A horizontal force pointing northeast", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "pointing north, and one pointing east. Summing these component forces using vector addition yields the original force", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "orthogonal", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "force vectors", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "frictional", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "table", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "friction force exactly balances the applied force resulting in no acceleration", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "friction increases or decreases in response to the applied force", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "simple devices", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "vertical", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the \"spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "Archimedes' principle for buoyancy", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "Isaac Newton", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "Galileo", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "Aristotelian physics", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "Aristotle", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "constant velocity", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "cannonball from the crow's nest of a ship moving at a constant velocity", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "kinetic friction is taken into consideration it is clear that there is no net force", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "Aristotle", "57377aac1c45671900574479": "Schr\u00f6dinger", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "Newtonian", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "similar to classical position variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "classical variables", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "force", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "spin", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "Pauli", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "the spin, identical particles split into two different classes, fermions and bosons. If two identical fermions (e.g. electrons", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "spatial and spin variables, whereas for two bosons", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "bosons", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "mathematical", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "4-momentum in relativity and momentum of virtual particles in quantum electrodynamics", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "the concept of a force. Thus the currently known fundamental forces are considered more accurately to be \"fundamental interactions", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "128", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "anti-matter particles", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "weak", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "electromagnetic force acts between electric charges, and the gravitational force acts between masses", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "subatomic particles, including nucleons and compound nuclei. The electromagnetic force acts between electric charges, and the gravitational force acts between masses", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "the Pauli exclusion principle", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "20th", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "electromagnetism", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "bosons", "573784fa1c45671900574483": "Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574484": "Galileo", "573784fa1c45671900574485": "by determining that the acceleration of every object in free-fall was constant and independent of the mass of the object", "573784fa1c45671900574486": "sea level and may vary depending on location", "573784fa1c45671900574487": "gravity", "573786b51c4567190057448d": "larger distances", "573786b51c4567190057448e": "Newton", "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the mass of the attracting body", "573786b51c45671900574490": "the radius () of the Earth to the gravitational acceleration", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "a dimensional constant", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "Henry Cavendish", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "Succinctly", "5737898f1c45671900574495": "Mercury", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies", "5737898f1c45671900574497": "Einstein", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general", "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account for the discrepancy", "57378b141c4567190057449f": "GR, gravitation", "57378b141c456719005744a0": "straight line path in space-time", "57378b141c456719005744a1": "time derivative of the changing momentum of the object is what we label as \"gravitational force", "57378b141c456719005744a2": "the motion", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "electrostatic force (due to the electric field) and the magnetic force (due to the magnetic field", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field. The connection between electricity and magnetism", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "the electric field", "57378e311c456719005744af": "James Clerk Maxwell", "57378e311c456719005744b0": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b1": "20", "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4", "57378e311c456719005744b3": "Maxwell", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "electromagnetic theory", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "electromagnetism", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "electromagnetism", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "quantum electrodynamics (or QED)", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": "stiffness", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": "fermions, they cannot occupy the same quantum mechanical state as other electrons. When the electrons in a material", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": "structural force", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "stiffness", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "Pauli exclusion principle", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "fermions, they cannot occupy the same quantum mechanical state as other electrons. When the electrons in a material", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "structural force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": "elementary particles", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "the force", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": "atomic nuclei", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "gluons, which form part of the virtual pi and rho mesons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "color confinement", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "weak force", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "heavy W and Z bosons", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "1013", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "indistinguishable", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "normal force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact. When their electron clouds overlap, Pauli repulsion", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "Pauli repulsion", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "fermionic nature of electrons", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "fermionic nature of electrons", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "ideal strings", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "movable pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "tension", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "tandem", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "multiplied", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "material", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "continuum mechanics describe the way forces affect the material", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "extended fluids, differences in pressure result in forces being directed along the pressure gradients as follows", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "atoms in an object is able to flow, contract, expand, or otherwise change shape, the theories of continuum mechanics describe the way forces affect the material", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "extended structure and forces that act", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "all strains (deformations", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "stress-tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "that act normal to the cross-sectional area", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "formalism", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "rotation", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "angular momentum unless acted upon by an unbalanced torque", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "an analogous equation", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "radial (centripetal) force", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "radial", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "radial (centripetal) force", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "kinetic", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "net mechanical energy is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "directly to the difference in potential energy", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "energy", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "gradient of potentials", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "between the atoms", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "contact", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "statistical mechanics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "nonconservative forces act to change the internal energies of the system", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "the transfer", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "Second law of thermodynamics, nonconservative forces necessarily result in energy transformations", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "nonconservative forces act to change the internal energies of the system", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "the kilogram-force", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "the metric slug", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "mass", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "kilogram-force leads to an alternate, but rarely used unit of mass" }