# Benchmark and Model Zoo ## Common settings * We use distributed training with 4 GPUs by default. * All pytorch-style pretrained backbones on ImageNet are train by ourselves, with the same procedure in the [paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1812.01187.pdf). Our ResNet style backbone are based on ResNetV1c variant, where the 7x7 conv in the input stem is replaced with three 3x3 convs. * For the consistency across different hardwares, we report the GPU memory as the maximum value of `torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated()` for all 4 GPUs with `torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark=False`. Note that this value is usually less than what `nvidia-smi` shows. * We report the inference time as the total time of network forwarding and post-processing, excluding the data loading time. Results are obtained with the script `tools/benchmark.py` which computes the average time on 200 images with `torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark=False`. * There are two inference modes in this framework. * `slide` mode: The `test_cfg` will be like `dict(mode='slide', crop_size=(769, 769), stride=(513, 513))`. In this mode, multiple patches will be cropped from input image, passed into network individually. The crop size and stride between patches are specified by `crop_size` and `stride`. The overlapping area will be merged by average * `whole` mode: The `test_cfg` will be like `dict(mode='whole')`. In this mode, the whole imaged will be passed into network directly. By default, we use `slide` inference for 769x769 trained model, `whole` inference for the rest. * For input size of 8x+1 (e.g. 769), `align_corner=True` is adopted as a traditional practice. Otherwise, for input size of 8x (e.g. 512, 1024), `align_corner=False` is adopted. ## Baselines ### FCN Please refer to [FCN](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/fcn) for details. ### PSPNet Please refer to [PSPNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/pspnet) for details. ### DeepLabV3 Please refer to [DeepLabV3](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/deeplabv3) for details. ### PSANet Please refer to [PSANet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/psanet) for details. ### DeepLabV3+ Please refer to [DeepLabV3+](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/deeplabv3plus) for details. ### UPerNet Please refer to [UPerNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/upernet) for details. ### NonLocal Net Please refer to [NonLocal Net](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/nlnet) for details. ### EncNet Please refer to [EncNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/encnet) for details. ### CCNet Please refer to [CCNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/ccnet) for details. ### DANet Please refer to [DANet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/danet) for details. ### APCNet Please refer to [APCNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/apcnet) for details. ### HRNet Please refer to [HRNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/hrnet) for details. ### GCNet Please refer to [GCNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/gcnet) for details. ### DMNet Please refer to [DMNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/dmnet) for details. ### ANN Please refer to [ANN](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/ann) for details. ### OCRNet Please refer to [OCRNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/ocrnet) for details. ### Fast-SCNN Please refer to [Fast-SCNN](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/fastscnn) for details. ### ResNeSt Please refer to [ResNeSt](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/resnest) for details. ### Semantic FPN Please refer to [Semantic FPN](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/semfpn) for details. ### PointRend Please refer to [PointRend](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/point_rend) for details. ### MobileNetV2 Please refer to [MobileNetV2](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/mobilenet_v2) for details. ### MobileNetV3 Please refer to [MobileNetV3](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/mobilenet_v3) for details. ### EMANet Please refer to [EMANet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/emanet) for details. ### DNLNet Please refer to [DNLNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/dnlnet) for details. ### CGNet Please refer to [CGNet](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/cgnet) for details. ### Mixed Precision (FP16) Training Please refer [Mixed Precision (FP16) Training](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation/blob/master/configs/fp16/README.md) for details. ## Speed benchmark ### Hardware * 8 NVIDIA Tesla V100 (32G) GPUs * Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz ### Software environment * Python 3.7 * PyTorch 1.5 * CUDA 10.1 * CUDNN 7.6.03 * NCCL 2.4.08 ### Training speed For fair comparison, we benchmark all implementations with ResNet-101V1c. The input size is fixed to 1024x512 with batch size 2. The training speed is reported as followed, in terms of second per iter (s/iter). The lower, the better. | Implementation | PSPNet (s/iter) | DeepLabV3+ (s/iter) | |----------------|-----------------|---------------------| | [MMSegmentation](https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmsegmentation) | **0.83** | **0.85** | | [SegmenTron](https://github.com/LikeLy-Journey/SegmenTron) | 0.84 | 0.85 | | [CASILVision](https://github.com/CSAILVision/semantic-segmentation-pytorch) | 1.15 | N/A | | [vedaseg](https://github.com/Media-Smart/vedaseg) | 0.95 | 1.25 | Note: The output stride of DeepLabV3+ is 8.