# Rethinking atrous convolution for semantic image segmentation

## Introduction

[ALGORITHM]

```latext
@article{chen2017rethinking,
  title={Rethinking atrous convolution for semantic image segmentation},
  author={Chen, Liang-Chieh and Papandreou, George and Schroff, Florian and Adam, Hartwig},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.05587},
  year={2017}
}
```

## Results and models

Note: `D-8` here corresponding to the output stride 8 setting for DeepLab series.

### Cityscapes

|  Method   | Backbone | Crop Size | Lr schd | Mem (GB) | Inf time (fps) | mIoU  | mIoU(ms+flip) |                                                                                                                                                                                                          download                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
|-----------|----------|-----------|--------:|----------|----------------|------:|--------------:|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 512x1024  |   40000 |      6.1 |           2.57 | 79.09 |         80.45 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes_20200605_022449-acadc2f8.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes_20200605_022449.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 512x1024  |   40000 |      9.6 |           1.92 | 77.12 |         79.61 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes_20200605_012241-7fd3f799.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_40k_cityscapes_20200605_012241.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 769x769   |   40000 |      6.9 |           1.11 | 78.58 |         79.89 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes_20200606_113723-7eda553c.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes_20200606_113723.log.json)         |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 769x769   |   40000 |     10.9 |           0.83 | 79.27 |         80.11 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes_20200606_113809-c64f889f.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_40k_cityscapes_20200606_113809.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-18-D8  | 512x1024  |   80000 |      1.7 |          13.78 | 76.70 |         78.27 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20201225_021506-23dffbe2.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes-20201225_021506.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 512x1024  |   80000 | -        | -              | 79.32 |         80.57 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20200606_113404-b92cfdd4.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20200606_113404.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 512x1024  |   80000 | -        | -              | 80.20 |         81.21 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20200606_113503-9e428899.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20200606_113503.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-18-D8  | 769x769   |   80000 |      1.9 |           5.55 | 76.60 |         78.26 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20201225_021506-6452126a.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes-20201225_021506.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 769x769   |   80000 | -        | -              | 79.89 |         81.06 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20200606_221338-788d6228.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20200606_221338.log.json)         |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 769x769   |   80000 | -        | -              | 79.67 |         80.81 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20200607_013353-60e95418.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20200607_013353.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D16-MG124 | 512x1024  |   40000 |      4.7 | -         6.96 | 76.71 |         78.63 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_40k_cityscapes_20200908_005644-67b0c992.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_40k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_40k_cityscapes-20200908_005644.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D16-MG124 | 512x1024  |   80000 |       -  | -              | 78.36 |         79.84 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20200908_005644-57bb8425.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101-d16-mg124_512x1024_80k_cityscapes-20200908_005644.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-18b-D8 | 512x1024  |   80000 |      1.6 |          13.93 | 76.26 |         77.88 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20201225_094144-46040cef.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes-20201225_094144.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50b-D8 | 512x1024  |   80000 |      6.0 |           2.74 | 79.63 |         80.98 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20201225_155148-ec368954.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes-20201225_155148.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101b-D8| 512x1024  |   80000 |      9.5 |           1.81 | 80.01 |         81.21 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes_20201226_171821-8fd49503.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_512x1024_80k_cityscapes-20201226_171821.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-18b-D8 | 769x769   |   80000 |      1.8 |           5.79 | 76.63 |         77.51 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20201225_094144-fdc985d9.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r18b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes-20201225_094144.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50b-D8 | 769x769   |   80000 |      6.8 |           1.16 | 78.80 |         80.27 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20201225_155404-87fb0cf4.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r50b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes-20201225_155404.log.json)         |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101b-D8| 769x769   |   80000 |     10.7 |           0.82 | 79.41 |         80.73 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes_20201226_190843-9142ee57.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes/deeplabv3_r101b-d8_769x769_80k_cityscapes-20201226_190843.log.json)     |

### ADE20K

|  Method   | Backbone | Crop Size | Lr schd | Mem (GB) | Inf time (fps) | mIoU  | mIoU(ms+flip) |                                                                                                                                                                                                  download                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
|-----------|----------|-----------|--------:|----------|----------------|------:|--------------:|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 512x512   |   80000 |      8.9 |          14.76 | 42.42 |         43.28 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k_20200614_185028-0bb3f844.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k_20200614_185028.log.json)         |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 512x512   |   80000 |     12.4 |          10.14 | 44.08 |         45.19 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k_20200615_021256-d89c7fa4.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_80k_ade20k_20200615_021256.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 512x512   |  160000 | -        | -              | 42.66 |         44.09 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k_20200615_123227-5d0ee427.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k_20200615_123227.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 512x512   |  160000 | -        | -              | 45.00 |         46.66 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k_20200615_105816-b1f72b3b.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_160k_ade20k_20200615_105816.log.json) |

### Pascal VOC 2012 + Aug

|  Method   | Backbone | Crop Size | Lr schd | Mem (GB) | Inf time (fps) | mIoU  | mIoU(ms+flip) |                                                                                                                                                                                                    download                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
|-----------|----------|-----------|--------:|----------|----------------|------:|--------------:|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 512x512   |   20000 |      6.1 |          13.88 | 76.17 |         77.42 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug_20200617_010906-596905ef.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug_20200617_010906.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 512x512   |   20000 |      9.6 |           9.81 | 78.70 |         79.95 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug_20200617_010932-8d13832f.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_20k_voc12aug_20200617_010932.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-50-D8  | 512x512   |   40000 | -        | -              | 77.68 |         78.78 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug_20200613_161546-2ae96e7e.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r50-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug_20200613_161546.log.json)     |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 512x512   |   40000 | -        | -              | 77.92 |         79.18 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug_20200613_161432-0017d784.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug/deeplabv3_r101-d8_512x512_40k_voc12aug_20200613_161432.log.json) |

### Pascal Context

|  Method   | Backbone | Crop Size | Lr schd | Mem (GB) | Inf time (fps) | mIoU  | mIoU(ms+flip) |                                                                                                                                                                                                    download                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
|-----------|----------|-----------|--------:|----------|----------------|------:|--------------:|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 480x480   |   40000 |      9.2 |           7.09 | 46.55 |         47.81 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_40k_pascal_context/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_40k_pascal_context_20200911_204118-1aa27336.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_40k_pascal_context/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_40k_pascal_context-20200911_204118.log.json) |
| DeepLabV3 | R-101-D8 | 480x480   |   80000 | -        | -              | 46.42 |         47.53 | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_80k_pascal_context/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_80k_pascal_context_20200911_170155-2a21fff3.pth) | [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmsegmentation/v0.5/deeplabv3/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_80k_pascal_context/deeplabv3_r101-d8_480x480_80k_pascal_context-20200911_170155.log.json) |