Input: name[xname], cuisine[Indian], location[city centre], familyFriendly[yes]

Output: xname provides Indian food It is located in the city centre.

xname is a Indian restaurant in the city centre. its customer rating is: family friendly.


In this task, given 2 input sentences, you must classify the relation between them. If the second sentence has a similar meaning to that of the first sentence then the output is ' B_entails_A', if the second sentence has the opposite meaning to the first sentence then it is classified as ' B_contradicts_A'. If you cannot clearly ascertain agreement/disagreement between the two sentences, the label is ' B_neutral_A'.

Input: sentence_A: A woman is coating a pork chop. sentence_B: A cook is coating a pork chop

Output: B_neutral_A


Input: sentence_A: A woman is cutting a tomato. sentence_B: A woman is slicing a tomato

Output: B_entails_A


Input: sentence_A: A boy is knocking a dog with a bottle of water. sentence_B: The dog is knocking a boy into the water

Output: B_neutral_A


Input: sentence_A: A woman is standing near three children. sentence_B: There is no woman standing near three children

Output: B_contradicts_A


Input: sentence_A: A man is jumping a wall. sentence_B: A man is standing in front of a wall

Output: B_contradicts_A


In this task, you will be given two sentences sentence1 and sentence2. You should decide whether the second sentence is entailed(agreed) by the first sentence. If it does entail, answer "yes", else answer "no".

Input: sentence1:employer is eliminating  sports_team*professional_sports_team sentence1:employer is hosting  sports_team*professional_sports_team

Output: no


Input: sentence1:person is elected President of location sentence1:person is leading  location

Output: yes


Input: sentence1:award_winner is unveiling at time.recurring_event sentence1:award_winner announces At time.recurring_event

Output: yes


Input: sentence1:organization is cancelling  award.award_winning_work sentence1:award.award_winning_work is airing on organization

Output: no


Input: sentence1:employer is dominating  location sentence1:employer is taking  location

Output: yes


You are given a context, a pronoun, and a noun in this task. The given pronoun is shown in the context within parentheses. You should determine if the pronoun refers to the given noun or not. Please answer with "True" and "False".

Input: The woman held the girl against (her) will. <sep> Pronoun:her <sep> Noun: The woman

Output: False


Input: Anne gave birth to a daughter last month. (She) is a very charming woman. <sep> Pronoun:She <sep> Noun: Anne

Output: True


Input: Papa looked down at the children 's faces , so puzzled and sad now. It was bad enough that (they) had to be denied so many things because he couldn't afford them. <sep> Pronoun:they <sep> Noun: children

Output: True


Input: Paul tried to call George on the phone, but (he) wasn't available. <sep> Pronoun:he <sep> Noun: Paul

Output: False


Input: Thomson visited Cooper 's grave in 1765. At that date (he) had been travelling for five years. <sep> Pronoun:he <sep> Noun: Thomson

Output: True


In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2. Your job is to determine if the two sentences clearly agree/disagree with each other, or if this can't be determined. Indicate your answer as yes or no respectively.

Input: Sentence 1: For three decades, Krakew existed as an independent city-state, though it was again incorporated into the Austrian partition in 1846. Sentence 2: Krakew fought not to be a part of the Austrian 1846 partition.

Output: no


Input: Sentence 1: The club itself was a bastion of Ascendancy establishment. Sentence 2: The club was a fortification of Ascendancy establishment.

Output: yes


Input: Sentence 1: Impaling all the old men took a long time and when the armored men stood the pikes upright, the sharp tips gleaming from the elders' gaping mouths. Sentence 2: It took a long time but old men were impailed.

Output: yes


Input: Sentence 1: Ninety-five percent of the total amount of sulfur dioxide allowances allocated each year under Section 423 will be allocated based on the amount of sulfur dioxide allowances allocated under the Acid Rain Program for 2010 and thereafter and that are held in allowance accounts in the Allowance Tracking System on the date 180 days after enactment. Sentence 2: Most of the sulfur dioxide that is allowed are controlled by the Acid Rain Program.

Output: no

Output: yes


Input: Sentence 1: well let's see if you're in Plano and i'm in Plano are you in east Plano or west Plano Sentence 2: We are both in Plano, which side are you in?

Output: yes


In this task, you're given a fill-in-the-blank question that contains two object names. Additionally, you're given one answer which is one of the objects present in the question. In this task, you need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to another object in the question. Remember the question has to be about both objects which are related but different; for example, "trophy" and "suitcase". This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "small" to "big"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two, i.e., the trigger word/phrase. The expected answer to your question must not be associated with just the trigger word; instead, it should depend on the context present in the question. The expected answer should not be ambiguous. For your question, there should be an agreed upon answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. In your generated question, retain the object names from the input question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. The two objects should be used ONCE in your question. Here is a list of attributes and associated contrastive words that may help write contrastive trigger words. Note that contrastive trigger words help in flipping the label.
| Attribute | triggerword | contrastive triggerword |
| age | old | new |
| altitude | low | high |
| area | small | vast |
| brightness | dark | light |
| clarity | obscure | clear |
| cleanness | dirty | clean |
| complexity | simple | complex |
| cost | cheap | expensive |
| density | sparse | dense |
| depth | shallow | deep |
| distance | near | far |
| electric conductivity | low | high |
| flexibility | rigid | flexible |
| granularity | fine | coarse |
| hardness | soft | hard |
| length | short | long |
| magnitude | small | large |
| mass | small | large |
| odor | weak | strong |
| pressure | low | high |
| resistance | low | high |
| shape | round | sharp |
| shape | flat | spiky |
| size | small | large |
| sound | quiet | loud |
| sound pitch | low | high |
| speed | slow | fast |
| stability | unstable | stable |
| strength | weak | strong |
| temperature | low | high |
| texture | smooth | rough |
| thermal conductivity | low | high |
| thickness | thin | thick |
| volume | small | large |
| weight | light | heavy |
| width | narrow | wide |
| location | in | out |
| location | up | down |
| location | above | below |
| location | on | off |
| location | to | from |

Input:
Context Word: cardboard.
Question: The shirt was in the cardboard box and the book was sitting on top of it when it rained, so the _ got wet.
Answer: book.

Output: The shirt was in the cardboard box and the book was sitting on top of it when it rained, so the _ stayed dry.


Input:
Context Word: electricity.
Question: Al got solar panels and a small generator installed at his house for electricity as the _ would be his main power supply.
Answer: panels.

Output: Al got solar panels and a small generator installed at his house for electricity as the _ would be his backup power supply.


Input:
Context Word: Slider.
Question: The chef recommended sliders to the VIP guests, but they ordered ribeyes instead. They were told the _ were tastier.
Answer: ribeyes.

Output: The chef recommended sliders to the VIP guests, but they ordered ribeyes instead. They were told the _ were not fresh.


Input:
Context Word: boyfriend.
Question: The girl chose to get a game for her boyfriend instead of flowers because her boyfriend didn't like _ .
Answer: flowers.

Output: The girl chose to get a game for her boyfriend instead of flowers because her boyfriend liked _ .

The girl chose to get a game for her boyfriend instead of flowers because _ didn't like _.


Input:
Context Word: smoking.
Question: The wood was still smoking while the grass was not since _ was on fire.
Answer: wood.

Output: The wood was still smoking while the grass was not since _ was on doused.

The grass was still smoking while the wood was still smoking.


In this task you need to indicate the plausibility of reasoning for the pronoun coreference relations. Each of the provided inputs contains a sentence with a target pronoun and a sentence that justifies which noun phrase the pronoun refers to. Correct reasons do not need to use all the knowledge from the sentence. The resolution of the pronoun coreference relations typically involve one or multiple following knowledge types about commonsense: First: 'Property', the knowledge about property of objects (e.g., ice is cold). Second: 'Object', the knowledge about objects (e.g., cats have ears). Third: 'Eventuality', the knowledge about eventuality (e.g., 'wake up' happens before 'open eyes'). Forth: 'Spatial', the knowledge about spatial position (e.g., object at the back can be blocked). Fifth: 'Quantity', the knowledge about numbers (e.g., 2 is smaller than 10). Sixth: all other knowledge if above ones are not suitable. You should answer 'Correct' if the reasoning made sense, otherwise, you should answer 'Wrong'.

Input:
Sentence: Many people start to read Paul's books and can't put them down. They are gripped because Paul writes so well.
 Reason: The 'They' refers to people because People love Paul's books. They are popular. So the books are popular, not the people.
 Question: Is the above reasoning correct or wrong?

Output: Wrong


Input:
Sentence: Steve follows Fred's example in everything. He admires him hugely.
 Reason: The 'He' refers to steve because fred was role model for steve.
 Question: Is the above reasoning correct or wrong?

Output: Correct


Input:
Sentence: I tried to paint a picture of an orchard, with lemons in the lemon trees,  but they came out looking more like light bulbs.
 Reason: The 'they' refers to lemons because lemons are round look more like a light bulb.
 Question: Is the above reasoning correct or wrong?

Output: Correct


Input:
Sentence: Alice tried frantically to stop her daughter from chatting at the party, leaving us to wonder why she was behaving so strangely.
 Reason: The 'she' refers to alice because she was the one who called out to her.
 Question: Is the above reasoning correct or wrong?

Output: Wrong


Input:
Sentence: John was jogging through the park when he saw a man juggling watermelons. He was very impressed.
 Reason: The 'He' refers to john because the man was the one juggling the watermelons so it's likely that John was the one impressed.
 Question: Is the above reasoning correct or wrong?

Output: Correct


Given the Question and Answer pair, detect whether the answer is acceptable or not. Denote acceptable answer as "yes", otherwise denote as "no". An acceptable answer is consistent with the context in question, detailed, long, and uses general knowledge of English. Answers that are not definite and suggest a variety of options are not acceptable answers.

Input:
Question: Everybody deals with this phenomenon daily but I had my curiousity piqued when someone claimed that punishing the many for the actions of the few was just called "group punishment." Group Punishment is simply punishing a large group of people. Is there a specific word for when a large group is punished because of the actions of the few? Such as in the following: Little Jimmy wasn't happy when the entire class was forced to work through recess because of 3 kids getting into a fight yesterday.
Answer: Collective punishment is the formal expression: Penalty imposed on every member of a group without regard to his or her involvement in the group's actions and conduct. Related: collective responsibility. (www.businessdictionary.com) Is collective punishment fair in the classroom?: Under the 1949 Geneva Conventions collective punishment is considered a war crime. "No general penalty, pecuniary or otherwise, shall be inflicted upon the population on account of the acts of individuals for which they cannot be regarded as jointly and severally responsible." Unfortunately for our students they do not have rights as general citizens or even our war enemies and common criminals in society. They shed their rights as they enter the double doors of the school and us parents shed our ability to ask for fair treatment of our children.

Output: yes


Input:
Question: I must admit that I'm unsure whether or not this is the right forum for this question. It may belong to statistics and AI also. If there exists a more suitable forum, then tell me. The thing is, I want to analyse a lot of English text for an AI project (Confabulation theory). Is there an online collection of freely available English texts? Books, news would be preferred scientific texts will properly not do, due to large amounts of math etc.
Answer: And for modern texts, there are a lot of blogs which use various Creative Commons licenses, most commonly CC BY-SA.

Output: no


Input:
Question: English isn't my mother tongue, and when we recently talked to a native speaker (during some company audit), he pointed out that the plural word "trainings" is actually wrong (he pointed that it is a very common mistake and was almost amused by it). I couldn't understand why and wondered what the correct plural of "training" would be. Online Dictionaries/Thesaurus don't answer it, so it's probably another opinion-based statement. I haven't found a source to back it up, though.
Answer: I agree with Mick that training is an uncountable noun. In the example given by Mr. Fine of a specific training event allowing training to become countable, I disagree. In the case of becoming countable, the portion being counted is the event. Therefor, it would be "there are multiple training events available at the pavilion" (or whatever). I see many cases where much effort is made to "fix" the plural when a simple rewording will eliminate the contentious context and allow an, arguably, better flow by using the standard form.

Output: no


Input:
Question: When it comes to cities and boats named after saints, it seems that "Santa" is always female and "San" is always male. e.g. Male Saints: San Diego, San Francisco, San Antonio Female Saints: Santa Barbara, Santa Maria So why isn't "Santa Claus" a woman like all the other "Santa"s?
Answer: The city names you quote are all derived from Spanish, where "San" (or "Santo", as @tchrist clarifies below) is the male inflection and "Santa" the female one. However, Santa Claus isn't derived from Spanish, but from Dutch, where it was originally rendered as Sante Klaas, and was modified to Santa when it was adopted into English (and from English, to the rest of the world). Here's Etymonline's take on it: from dialectal Dutch Sante Klaas, from Middle Dutch Sinter Niklaas "Saint Nicholas," English, like all other languages, borrows words from many sources, and they often carry over remnants of their original grammar or usage, even when it makes for inconsistent usage in English.

Output: yes


Input:
Question: E.g. is short for exempli gratia, and is in common use to introduce an example within a sentence. Submit a sample of academic writing, e.g., a dissertation chapter. However, some authors use ex. or ex: (short for "example") for the same purpose, and this form is listed in some authorities like the Wiktionary. Submit a sample of academic writing, ex: a dissertation chapter. I know they both roughly mean "example", but which one should I use, and when? Are there connotations associated with one or the other? This question has been asked elsewhere, and this very answer comes up when you ask Google about the difference. It would be good to get an EL&U answer for it.
Answer: "Ex." is not very common, but it may be used to refer to a cited example, eg "See ex. 3". "E.g." is much more common, and is used to introduce an example, or series of examples. In speech, it is usually replaced by "for example".

Output: no


In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.

Input:
Text: sorry for the formatting, i'm on mobile
mandatory "this happened 3years ago"

so this is my story. i live in a third world country (bangladesh) where gaming consoles and accessories are extremely overpriced. our family goes on yearly trips to australia to visit family and friends. being the avid gamer i am, i decided to buy the all new ps4. i had saved up my birthday money from the last 2 years and with a little bit of help from my mom, i would be able to afford the console. so when i arrive in australia, the first thing i do is i get the much awaited console in a bundle with killzone shadow fall, fifa 14 and need for speed rivals. i play on the console a couple of times before packing it up in the box itself. since the trip is so long, we have to stop by singapore for a couple of days. i travelled with the ps4 box like a briefcase and used it as hand luggage. so the day my family and i leave for bangladesh, we leave our luggage at the airport before, so we don't have to deal with the hassle with bringing them along. i only have my backpack and ps4 box in my hand as i move into immigration. i decided to put the box in one of those trolley things. as we entered the waiting room for the flight, i had returned the trolley with my ps4 in it. unbeknownst to me, i hoarded the plane all excited to play my console back at home. it was then i realised that i had lost my ps4. thats $550 aud i'll never get back and a broken heart.

Output: TIFU By losing my PS4

TIFU by buying a console in a third world country.


Input:
Text: after driving for 6 hours in canada, i waited over 2 hours to get through customs.  i was especially irritated at this point because a bunch of asshats were using the truck lanes to get ahead and cut in at the last minute.  when it was finally my turn the border patrol dude turns the green light to red and decides to take a 10 min smoke break.

http://imgur.com/g7kymog

i know he is entitled to one but it put me over the edge.  when it was my turn, i said as nicely as i could with a smile "did you enjoy your cigarette break?"  he said that he did.  after checking my passport and asking me the basic questions, he asked if i was under the influence of any drugs or alcohol.  he said my eyes were red and glassy.  he got out of his booth and escorted me to another area where my car was searched and i was harassed with a bunch of bs questions.  i knew they weren't really searching because it was hardly thorough.  the car next to me had all its luggages and contents spread out on the ground.  they just did a quick visual of mine even though i had 4 boxes that were sealed with tape.  they just wanted to teach me a lesson.  and it worked.  i felt like such a dumb ass.

edit: meant tape, not rape.  doh

Output: Tifu by asking a border patrol officer if he enjoyed his cigarette


Input:
Text: so i managed to get into an arabic language program in jordan and i was stoked for some life experience and this kind of life experience required more than just clothes. i decided to bring my sentiment box for, duh, sentimental things like ticket stubs, the first album i ever bought, an ex’s necklace, things like that. i figured it would be nice to have for the inevitable homesickness. a few days later i’m standing in the amman airport listening to the muezzin, extremely bleary from the wine and xanax i had taken to make the flight bearable, shuffling with the rest of my group towards the baggage scanners.

i don’t know if anybody told you, but there are some security concerns in the middle east from time to time, so bags get scanned on their way out of the airport as well as on the way in. no matter, i’m a law abiding not even remotely terroristic upstanding member of society who recycles and whatever. i plunk the suitcase down on the dirty folding table next to the scanner, walk through a metal detector, and turn around to collect my bag.

except the previously friendly security guards were now looking quite stern and rifling through my bag, and they’re digging for something, and they’re pulling something out. it’s the sentiment box, which i should mention has this picture on the top. the guard opens the box, and pulls out a fucking pair of fucking handcuffs (as in they were used for fucking) that i had tossed into the box weeks earlier in what was supposed to be a *temporary* storage arrangement for them, and had then forgotten about them. the guard holds them way up high so all of my new colleagues can see, then points at me (just in case anybody missed it) and says something in arabic. then two soldiers come and some guy in a leather jacket and jeans who speaks perfect english strides up and motions me into a back room. mind you this is happening in front of a group of people who i have just met, who i will have to live with for the next five and half months, who all now have to wait for me to sort this out.

the leather jacket guy turned out to be an intelligence agent, and he turned out to be pretty cool. he immediately figured out that i was way to un-smooth to be considered any sort of a threat. he let me go after ten minutes (didn't get the cuffs back), which allowed me to get into the bus with the rest of my classmates, who were about to leave without me. i sat in the back corner, did not introduce myself, and pretended to sleep for the entire five-hour ride to where we were staying.

tr;dr a combination of kinkiness and forgetfulness resulted in me getting interrogated by a jordanian intelligence agent and almost abandoned at the amman airport.

Output: TIFU by being kinky in the Middle East.


Input:
Text: throwaway.

i am age 19, male, at the time i was young, living with my parents, age 16. i am into bdsm and stuff like that and three years ago, i thought it would be a good idea to try "self bondage".

if only i wasn't an idiot, this would have been no problem at all.

no one was home, and they weren't going to be home for 2-3 hours. basically i had set up a lock on my bed and the key was hanging on the ceiling connected by like a papery plastic thing to ice. when the ice cube melts, the key would drop and i would be free.

i just locked myself in and then the phone was ringing and i figured i should just get and then i'll come back. i grabbed a sock off my bedroom floor and threw it at the key to make it fall down, but the key ended up swinging and flew across the room.

my heart started to panic. oh my god, what if i can't get out and a family member has to release me and finds me like this. i was panicking.

i figured anything would be better than being stuck here, so i tried very hard to get my wrist out of the lock, i just hurt myself and it didn't work. the key was out of reach. i spent 45 minutes trying various things to no use.

then i thought, why don't i move the whole bed? i have a large, heavy wooden bed, i started to pull it, but it hurts my arm a lot. i end up getting a meter away from the key. my bed is diagonal in the room and touches the walls on both sides.

i'm still screwed, stuck. i decide to keeping pulling the bed even though it scrapes the paint off the drywall of my wall. i can now pull myself closer but end up stuck again. i still can't reach the key.

i end up grabbing a magazine with my toes and stretching and stretching until i can final just touch the key. i push the key slightly further away by accident. fuck.

i have to be very careful this time, this is giving my toes a cramp. i forget what item it was, but i grab an item with my toes that was longer and i can finally pull the keys towards me.

i unlock myself, and feel relived but quickly try to clean up as much of the locks and room mess as i can. after only a few minutes of release, my mom comes home and asks why i didn't pick up the phone when she called, she wanted to let me know she'd be home an hour earlier.

then she goes upstairs and asks what the heck happened to my room, i say i was cleaning and changing the layout of my room. she gives me a weird look but doesn't question me further.

i still haven't painted the wall yet, i just covered it up with my bed, i should paint it soon though.

but yeah, this is the story where i dodged being completely humiliated for the rest of my life. i haven't tried something like this ever again.

Output: TIFU (3 years ago) by getting myself trapped in self bondage

TIFU by trying to lock myself in a bed and the key was hanging on the ceiling connected by like a papery plastic thing to ice.


Input:
Text: i was recently visiting the us for a conference and was waiting at the gate in the airport, thinking how well the week had gone and i how i hadn't fucked anything up, when the urge to make a significant deposit in the bowl hit me. i thought i'd better see to it before i boarded the 8 hour flight back, so i headed to the toilet.

my diet over the course of my visit hadn't been the best, lots of bbq, burgers, pizza and convenience food and, once i seated myself in a stall, i released a large quantity of matter with varying consistencies... this was going to require no small amount of wiping and this is where i fucked up.

now the walls in these toilet stalls are like those in many american public toilets and, rather than going all the way to the floor, they stopped about a foot or so from the floor and left a gap to the next stall. as i was wiping away, some stray toilet paper, with a good coating of my shit on it, fell loose and began to tumble to the floor. this might not have been a problem, except that it fell down and through the gap to the next stall, landing on the man in that stall's polished leather shoe. he was standing feet pointing to the wall, urinating, and i am certain that he noticed what had happened. as i looked down, after a short moment he shook his foot and the sticky bit of toilet paper eventually came loose. while this happened i kept my head down, kept very quiet and tried to hide my shoes from view lest he later be able to identify me by my footwear. i waited for him to leave before quickly finishing up and making an exit myself, then spent a large portion of the flight home worrying that my shoes might get spotted by the guy and i'd be found out.

Output: TIFU by indirectly pooping on a stranger's shoes


In this task, you are given a premise, a hypothesis, and an update. The premise sentence describes a real-world situation and is always assumed to be true. The hypothesis sentence describes an assumption or inference that you might make about that situation having read the premise. The update provides additional information about the situation that might weaken or strengthen the hypothesis. A weakener is a statement that weakens the hypothesis. It makes you much less likely to believe the hypothesis is true. A strengthener is a statement that strengthens the hypothesis. It makes you much more likely to believe the hypothesis is true. Your task is to output 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update strengths or weakens the hypothesis, respectively.

Input:
Premise: PersonX transports PersonY to an island
Hypothesis: As a result, PersonX feels seafaring
Update: PersonX is feeling nauseated from the boatride.

Output: weakener


Input:
Premise: PersonX sprains PersonX's wrist
Hypothesis: As a result, PersonX feels unfit
Update: PersonX was trying to lift weights at the gym when they sprained their wrist.

Output: strengthener


Input:
Premise: PersonX keeps an eye peeled
Hypothesis: As a result, PersonX wants find what they were looking for
Update: PersonX has been asked to look out for potential big spenders.

Output: strengthener


Input:
Premise: PersonX expresses PersonX's belief
Hypothesis: Because PersonX wanted to share what he believes in
Update: PersonX had a speech assigned for class.

Output: weakener


Input:
Premise: PersonX plays so well
Hypothesis: As a result, PersonX wants find more people to play with
Update: PersonX enjoys playing team sports.

Output: strengthener


In this task, you are given a passage and a question regarding that passage. You must determine whether or not the question is answerable from the given passage. If a question is answerable, output should be 'True', otherwise 'False'. You must not consider any other information that is not provided in the passage while labelling True or False.

Input: Passage: In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court were established; and this organizational structure remained largely intact until the Meiji Restoration (1868). In this highly stable hierarchy, the pharmacists—and even pharmacist assistants—were assigned status superior to all others in health-related fields such as physicians and acupuncturists. In the Imperial household, the pharmacist was even ranked above the two personal physicians of the Emperor. Question: Which two codes were the roles of pharmacists destroyed?

Output: False


Input:
Passage: In 1891 Scottish chemist James Dewar was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study. The first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen was independently developed in 1895 by German engineer Carl von Linde and British engineer William Hampson. Both men lowered the temperature of air until it liquefied and then distilled the component gases by boiling them off one at a time and capturing them. Later, in 1901, oxyacetylene welding was demonstrated for the first time by burning a mixture of acetylene and compressed O
2. This method of welding and cutting metal later became common. Question: When was liquid oxygen developed for commercial use?

Output: True


Input: Passage: In 1872, the Central Pacific Railroad established a station near Easterby's—by now a hugely productive wheat farm—for its new Southern Pacific line. Soon there was a store around the station and the store grew the town of Fresno Station, later called Fresno. Many Millerton residents, drawn by the convenience of the railroad and worried about flooding, moved to the new community. Fresno became an incorporated city in 1885. By 1931 the Fresno Traction Company operated 47 streetcars over 49 miles of track. Question: How many streetcars did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931?

Output: True


Input: Passage: Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river which is known for its many castles and vineyards. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2002) and known as "the Romantic Rhine", with more than 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages and many quaint and lovely country villages. Question: How many country villages can be found at the UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Output: False


Input: Passage: First, if a Directive's deadline for implementation is not met, the member state cannot enforce conflicting laws, and a citizen may rely on the Directive in such an action (so called "vertical" direct effect). So, in Pubblico Ministero v Ratti because the Italian government had failed to implement a Directive 73/173/EEC on packaging and labelling solvents by the deadline, it was estopped from enforcing a conflicting national law from 1963 against Mr Ratti's solvent and varnish business. A member state could "not rely, as against individuals, on its own failure to perform the obligations which the Directive entails." Second, a citizen or company can invoke a Directive, not just in a dispute with a public authority, but in a dispute with another citizen or company. So, in CIA Security v Signalson and Securitel the Court of Justice held that a business called CIA Security could defend itself from allegations by competitors that it had not complied with a Belgian decree from 1991 about alarm systems, on the basis that it had not been notified to the Commission as a Directive required. Third, if a Directive gives expression to a "general principle" of EU law, it can be invoked between private non-state parties before its deadline for implementation. This follows from Kücükdeveci v Swedex GmbH & Co KG where the German Civil Code §622 stated that the years people worked under the age of 25 would not count towards the increasing statutory notice before dismissal. Ms Kücükdeveci worked for 10 years, from age 18 to 28, for Swedex GmbH & Co KG before her dismissal. She claimed that the law not counting her years under age 25 was unlawful age discrimination under the Employment Equality Framework Directive. The Court of Justice held that the Directive could be relied on by her because equality was also a general principle of EU law. Third, if the defendant is an emanation of the state, even if not central government, it can still be bound by Directives. In Foster v British Gas plc the Court of Justice held that Mrs Foster was entitled to bring a sex discrimination claim against her employer, British Gas plc, which made women retire at age 60 and men at 65, if (1) pursuant to a state measure, (2) it provided a public service, and (3) had special powers. This could also be true if the enterprise is privatised, as it was held with a water company that was responsible for basic water provision. Question: How long did Ms Kucukdeveci work for Swedex Gmbh & Co KG before she was dismissed?

Output: True


Two analogies that relate objects to the associated rooms is given in the form "A : B. C : ?". "A : B" relates object A to room B. Your task is to replace the question mark (?) with the appropriate room for the given object C, following the "A : B" relation.

Input: table : kitchen. nightstand : ?

Output: bedroom


Input: shed : garden. desk : ?

Output: office


Input: counter : kitchen. shelf : ?

Output: kitchen

Output: pantry

Output: nursury


Input: microwave : kitchen. cabinet : ?

Output: bathroom


Input: couch : parlor. closet : ?

Output: hallway

Output: bedroom


In this task, you are given a hypothesis and an update. The hypothesis sentence is a statement that speaks of a socially normative behavior. In other words, it is a generalizing statement about how we expect people to behave in society. The update provides additional contexts about the situation that might UNDERMINE or SUPPORT the generalization. An undermining context provides a situation that weakens the hypothesis. A supporting context provides a situation that strengthens the generalization. Your task is to output 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update supports or undermines the hypothesis, respectively

Input:
Hypothesis: It is wrong to sign someone up for something without their permission.
Update: They will receive a full scholarship to their favorite university.

Output: weakener


Input:
Hypothesis: It is wrong to bring up family troubles to people outside the family without consent.
Update: You don't know the person you are talking to about your problems.

Output: strengthener


Input:
Hypothesis: It's okay to be attracted to some people and not others.
Update: You are looking for a romantic partner.

Output: strengthener


Input:
Hypothesis: It is okay to think your friend might be self-entitled.
Update: Your friend donated all their money to charity

Output: weakener


Input:
Hypothesis: It is important to be able to admit you've made mistakes.
Update: You want to maintain healthy relationships with people.

Output: strengthener


In this task, you are provided with an article about the legal acts. Your task is to generate a headline for that article.

Input: 1. The Commission shall determine a world market price for colza and rape seeds and a world market price for sunflower seeds at regular intervals.2. When the world market price is being determined, the Commission shall take into account all offers made on the world market of which it has been informed by the Member States or which are known to it through its own inquiries, and prices quoted on those exchanges which are important for international trade.3. The Commission shall determine this price on the basis of the most favourable actual purchasing opportunities, excluding offers and quotations,  (1) OJ No 172, 30.9.1966, p. 3025/66.  (a) which do not relate to shipments to be effected within a given period, which has not yet been fixed, after the date on which the world market price is determined,(b) which cannot be regarded as representative of the actual market trend. Where no offer or quotation can be used as a basis for determining the world market price for a type of seed, the Commission shall determine this price on the basis of the value of average quantities of oil and oil-cake resulting from the processing of 100 kilogrammes of this type of seed in the Community less an amount corresponding to the cost of processing these seeds into oil and oil-cake. Where no offer or quotation can be used as a basis for determining the world market price for a type of seed and further, where it is impossible to establish the value of the oil-cake or oil processed from such seeds, the world market price shall be determined on the basis of the last recorded value for the oil or oil-cake, adjusted to take account of the trend of world prices for competing products in accordance with Article 2. For the purpose of determining the prices referred to in Article 1, the Community frontier crossing point shall be Rotterdam. The Commission shall determine the world market price for seeds of the standard quality for which the target price has been fixed, delivered in bulk at Rotterdam.Where offers and quotations do not fulfil the conditions set out above, the Commission shall make the necessary adjustments. 1. When the world market price for a type of seed is being determined, the price used shall be adjusted by an amount not exceeding the margin between:  - the difference between the price of 100 kilogrammes of colza, rape or sunflower seeds, plus processing costs, and the total of the prices of the quantities of oil and oil-cake resulting from the processing of the type of seed in question and- the difference between the price of 100 kilogrammes of one or more other seeds, plus processing costs, and the total of the prices of the quantities of oil and oil-cake resulting from processing these seeds.2. When the amount referred to in paragraph 1 is being determined, account shall be taken of the incidence of the margin in question (a) on marketing operations of Community traders,(b) on the disposal of the various types of seed on the world market. Detailed rules for the application of this Regulation shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 38 of Regulation No 136/66/EEC.This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Output: Regulation laying down criteria for determining world market prices for oil seeds and fixing the frontier crossing point


Input: The tax on salaries, wages and emoluments paid by the Communities to their officials and other servants, indicated by the first paragraph of Article 13 of the Protocol on the Privileges and Immunities of the European Communities, shall be determined under the conditions and collected according to the procedure laid down in this Regulation. The following shall be liable to the tax:— persons coming under the Staff Regulations of Officials or the Conditions of Employment of Other Servants of the Communities, including recipients of the compensation provided for in the event of removal from post in the interests of the service, but excluding local staff;— recipients of the compensation on termination of service provided for in Article 5 of Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom, ECSC) No 259/68xa0(1). 1.xa0xa0xa0The tax shall be payable each month on salaries, wages and emoluments paid by the Communities to each person liable.2.xa0xa0xa0However, monies and allowances, whether lump sums or not, which represent compensation for expenses incurred in the perfomance of official duties, shall be excluded from the basic taxable amount.3.xa0xa0xa0The family allowance and social benefits listed below shall be deducted from the basic taxable amount:(a) family allowances:— head of household allowance,— dependent child's allowance,— education allowance,— allowance on the birth of a child;(b) social assistance;(c) allowances paid on account of occupational disease or accident;(d) that part of any payment which represents family allowances.The amount to be deducted shall be calculated, with due regard, where appropriate, to the provisions of Article 5.4.xa0xa0xa0Subject to the provisions of Article 5, an abatement of 10% for occupational and personal expenses shall be made from the amount obtained by applying the preceding provisions.An additional abatement equivalent to twice the amount of the allowance for a dependent child shall be made for each dependent child of the person liable as well as for each person treated as a dependent child within the meaning of Article 2 (4) of Annex VII to the Staff Regulations.5.xa0xa0xa0Deductions from remuneration of persons liable on account of pensions and retirement allowances or of social security shall be deducted from the basic taxable amount. The tax shall be calculated, subject to the provisions of Article 5, on the taxable amount obtained by applying Article 3 and disregarding any amount not exceeding Bfrs 803 and by applying the rate of:8% to amounts between Bfrs 803 and 14xa017810% to amounts between Bfrs 14xa0179 and 19xa052812·50% to amounts between Bfrs 19xa0529 and 22xa038015% to amounts between Bfrs 22xa0381 and 25xa041317·50% to amounts, between Bfrs 22xa0414 and 28xa026520% to amounts between Bfrs 28xa0266 and 31xa003022·50% to amounts between Bfrs 31xa0031 and 33xa088325% to amounts between Bfrs 33xa0884 and 36xa064827·50% to amounts between Bfrs 36xa0649 and 39xa050030% to amounts between Bfrs 39xa0501 and 42xa026532·50% to amounts between Bfrs 42xa0266 and 45xa011835% to amounts between Bfrs 45xa0119 and 47xa088340% to amounts between Bfrs 47xa0884 and 50xa073545% to amounts above Bfrs 50xa0735. When salaries, wages and emoluments are subject to a corrective factor:— the amount of each of the elements included in the calculation of the tax, except deductions made from the remuneration of persons liable on account of pensions, and retirement allowances or of social security, shall, for the application of this Regulation, be obtained by applying the corrective factor to the amount of this element as calculated before applying any corrective factor to the remuneration;— the amount of abatements mentioned in Article 3 (4) shall be obtained by applying the corrective factor to the amount of the abatements as calculated before applying any corrective factor to the remuneration;— the amounts of income shown in Article 4 shall be subject to the corrective factor. 1.xa0xa0xa0By way of derogation from the provisions of Articles 3 and 4:(a) the sums paid— as compensation for overtime,— for work of a particularly arduous nature,— for exceptional services,— for patented inventions,(b) payments made on account of termination of service shall be taxed, after applying the abatements laid down in Article 3 (4), at a rate equal to two thirds of the ratio existing, at the time of last salary payment, between:— the amount of tax payable and— the basic taxable amount as defined in Article 3.2.xa0xa0xa0The application of this Regulation shall not have the effect of reducing salaries, wages and emoluments of any kind paid by the Communities to an amount less than the minimum subsistence rate as defined in Article 6 of Annex VIII to the Staff Regulations of Officials of the Communities. When the taxable payment covers a period of less than one month, the rate of the tax shall be that which is applicable to the corresponding monthly payment.When the taxable payment covers a period of more than one month the tax shall be calculated as if this payment had been spread evenly over the months to which it relates.Corrective payments not related to the month during which they are paid shall be subject to the tax to which they would have been subject had they been made at the proper time. Tax shall be collected by means of deduction at source. The amount shall be rounded off at the lower unit. The tax proceeds shall be entered as revenue in the budgets of the Communities. 0The governing bodies of institutions of the Communities shall co-operate for the purpose of applying this Regulation in a uniform manner.The Council, acting on a proposal from the Commission, shall adopt any provisions necessary for the application of this Regulation. 1This Regulation shall also apply:— to members of the Commission,— to Judges, Advocates General, the Registrar and Assistant Rapporteurs at the Court of Justice,— to members of the Audit Board. 2This Regulation shall apply to members of the organs of the European Investment Bank, and to members of its staff and recipients of the pensions it pays, who are included in the categories determined by the Council in application of the first paragraph of Article 16 of the Protocol on Privileges and Immunities, with regard to salaries, wages and emoluments and to disability, retirement and survivors' pensions paid by the Bank. 3The compensation and payments referred to in Article 13 of Regulation No 32 (EEC) 12 (EAEC)xa0(2) shall be exempt from the tax. 4Regulation No 32 (EEC), 12 (EAEC) is hereby repealed. 5This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Output: Regulation laying down the conditions and procedure for applying the tax for the benefit of the European Communities


Input: This Regulation lays down rules for fixing and granting refunds on the products listed in Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 exported in the state referred to therein. The following shall be taken into account when refunds are being fixed:    (a) the existing situation and the future trend with regard to:      - prices and availabilities of milk and milk products on the Community market;- prices for milk and milk products in international trade;  1OJ No L 148, 28.6.1968, p. 13.(b) marketing costs and the most favourable transport charges from Community markets to ports and other points of export in the Community, as well as costs incurred in placing the goods on the market of the country of destination;(c) the aims of the common organisation of the market in milk and milk products, which are to ensure equilibrium and the natural development of prices and trade on this market;(d) the need to avoid disturbances on the Community market;(e) the economic aspect of the proposed exports. 1. When prices within the Community are being determined the ruling prices which are the most favourable from the exportation point of view shall be taken into account.2. When prices in international trade are being determined particular account shall be taken of:    (a) prices ruling on third country markets;(b) the most favourable prices in third countries of destination for third country imports;(c) producer prices recorded in exporting third countries, account being taken, where appropriate, of subsidies granted by those countries ; and(d) free-at-Community-frontier offer prices. Where the world market situation or the specific requirements of certain markets make this necessary, the refund for the Community may be varied according to the destination of the products listed in Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68. 1. The list of products on which an export refund is granted and the amount of such refund shall be fixed at least once every four weeks.The amount of the refund may, however, remain at the same level for more than four weeks.2. Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 3, the amount of the export refund on the products listed in Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 shall be that applicable on the day of exportation.3. The amount of the refund may be fixed in advance.In that event, if the party concerned so requests when applying for the licence, the refund applicable on the day on which the application for a licence is lodged shall be applied to exports effected during the period of validity of the licence.The refund fixed in advance shall however be adjusted:    (a) on the basis of the threshold price in force at the time of exportation for the pilot product of the group to which the product in question belongs, and(b) on the basis of the aid applicable at the time of exportation for products entitled to aid and for those in which such products are incorporated.The provisions of the preceding subparagraphs may be applied in whole or in part to each of the products listed in Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68.The pilot products and product groups referred to in the third subparagraph are those set out in Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 823/68 1. 1. The refund shall be paid upon proof:    - that the products have been exported from the Community, and- that the products are of Community origin, except where the provisions of Article 7 apply.2. Where Article 4 applies, the refund shall be paid under the conditions laid down in paragraph 1, provided it is proved that the product has reached the destination for which the refund was fixed.Exceptions may be made to this rule in accordance with the procedure referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article, provided conditions are laid down which offer equivalent guarantees.3. Additional provisions may be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 30 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68. 1. No export refund shall be granted on products listed in Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 which are imported from third countries and re-exported to third countries, unless the exporter proves:    - that the product to be exported and the product previously imported are one and the same, and- that the levy was collected on importation.2. In such cases the refund on each product shall be equal to the levy collected on importation where  1OJ No L 151, 30.6.1968, p. 3.this levy is equal to or lower than the refund applicable on the day of exportation ; the refund shall be equal to the refund applicable on the day of exportation where the levy collected on importation is higher than this refund. This Regulation shall enter into force on 4 July 1968.It shall apply from 29 July 1968.This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Output: Regulation laying down general rules for granting export refunds on milk and milk products and criteria for fixing the amount of such refunds

The Commission shall take into account the following when determining the amount of the refund: (a) the price of milk and milk products on the Community market; (b) the price of the products in third countries of destination for third country imports; (c) the price of the products in the pilot product of the group to which the product in question belongs; (d) the economic aspect of the proposed exports; (e) the need to avoid disturbances on the Community market;


Input: 1. Member States, acting in accordance with the provisions hereinafter laid down, shall adopt the following transitional measures in respect of establishment or provision of services in their territories by natural persons or companies or firms covered by Title I of the General Programmes (hereinafter called 'beneficiaries') wishing to engage in the activities of self-employed persons referred to in paragraph 2.2. The activities in question are those covered by the Council Directive of 15 October 1968 concerning the attainment of freedom of establishment and freedom to provide services in respect of activities of self-employed persons in the personal services sector (ISIC ex Major Group 85) ; 1 : Restaurants, cafes, taverns and other drinking and eating places (ISIC Group 852) ; 2 : Hotels, rooming houses, camps and other lodging places (ISIC Group 853). Where, according to the laws of a Member State, certain activities fall not within the personal services sector but rather within the food manufacturing and beverage industries, the appropriate Directive laying down detailed provisions concerning transitional measures in the field in question shall apply to those activities in that Member State. Member States in which the taking up or pursuit of any activity referred to in Article 1 (2) is subject to possession of certain qualifications shall ensure that any beneficiary who applies therefor be provided, before he establishes himself or before he begins to pursue any activity on a temporary basis, with information as to the rules governing the occupation which he proposes to pursue. 1. Where, in a Member State, the taking up or pursuit of any activity referred to in Article 1 (2) is dependent on the possession of general, commercial or professional knowledge and ability, that Member State shall accept as sufficient evidence of such knowledge and ability the fact that the activity in question has been pursued in another Member State for any of the following periods:    (a) three consecutive years either in an independent capacity or in a managerial capacity ; or(b) two consecutive years either in an independent capacity or in a managerial capacity, where the beneficiary can prove that for the occupation in question he has received previous training, attested by a certificate recognised by the State, or regarded by the competent professional or trade body as fully satisfying its requirements ; or(c) two consecutive years in an independent capacity or in a managerial capacity, where the beneficiary can prove that he has pursued the occupation in question for at least three years in a non-independent capacity ; or  1OJ No L 260, 22.10.1968, p. 9.(d) three consecutive years in a non-independent capacity, where the beneficiary can prove that for the occupation in question he has received previous training, attested by a certificate recognised by the State, or regarded by the competent professional or trade body as fully satisfying its requirements.The host Member State may require of nationals of other Member States, in so far as it so requires of its own nationals, that the activity in question should have been pursued, and vocational training received, in the branch of trade in the host country in which the beneficiary wishes to establish himself.2. In the cases referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (c) of paragraph 1 pursuit of the activity shall not have ceased more than ten years before the date when the application provided for in Article 6 (2) is made. However, where a shorter period is laid down in a Member State for its nationals, that period may also be applied in respect of beneficiaries. 1. Where, in a Member State, the taking up or pursuit of any activity referred to in Article 1 (2) is not subject to the possession of general, commercial or professional knowledge or ability, that State may, if serious difficulties result from the application of the Council Directive referred to in Article 1 (2), request from the Commission authorisation, for a limited period and in respect of one or more specified activities, to require from nationals of other Member States who wish to pursue those activities in its territory proof that they possess the qualifications required for the pursuit of such activities, either in an independent capacity or in a managerial capacity, in the country whence they come.Use shall not be made of this power in respect of a person who comes from a country which does not make the taking up of the activity in question subject to proof of particular knowledge, or in respect of a person who has lived in the host country for at least five years.2. On receipt of a request from the Member State concerned stating the reasons on which it is based, the Commission shall forthwith specify the conditions on which the authorisation provided for in paragraph 1 of this Article will be granted and lay down detailed rules concerning its implementation. 1. A person shall be regarded as having pursued an activity in a managerial capacity within the meaning of Articles 4 and 5 if he has pursued such activity in an industrial or commercial undertaking in the field in question:    (a) as manager of an undertaking or manager of a branch of an undertaking ; or(b) as deputy to the proprietor or to the manager of an undertaking, where such post involves responsibility equivalent to that of the proprietor or manager represented ; or(c) in a managerial post with duties of a type normally pertaining to the occupation in question and with responsibility for one or more departments of the undertaking.2. Proof that the conditions laid down in Article 4 (1) or in Article 5 (1) are satisfied shall be established by certificates issued by the competent authority or body in the country whence the person concerned comes, which such person shall submit in support of his application for authorisation to pursue the activity or activities in question in the host country.3. Member States shall, within the time limit laid down in Article 8, designate the authorities and bodies competent to issue these certificates and shall forthwith inform the other Member States and the Commission thereof. The provisions of this Directive shall remain applicable until the entry into force of provisions relating to the co-ordination of national rules concerning the taking up and pursuit of the activities in question. Member States shall adopt the measures necessary to comply with this Directive within six months of its notification and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive are communicated to the Commission. 0This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Output: Council Directive laying down detailed provisions concerning transitional measures in respect of activities of self-employed persons in the personal services sector (ISIC ex Major Group 85): 1. Restaurants, cafes, taverns and other drinking and eating places (ISIC Group 852), 2. Hotels, rooming houses, camps and other lodging places (ISIC Group 853)

The Commission shall, in the case of a Member State, require from nationals of other Member States, in so far as it so requires of its own nationals, that the activity in question should have been pursued, and vocational training received, in the branch of trade in the host country in which the beneficiary wishes to establish himself ; or 1OJ No L 260, 22.10.1968, p. 9


Input: The common quality standards for cauliflowers, tomatoes, apples and pears, peaches, citrus fruits and table grapes shall be supplemented by the addition of a further quality class described as 'Class III'.Class III is defined for each product in the Annexes to this Regulation. This Regulation shall enter into force on 1 January 1967.This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Output: Regulation adding a supplementary quality class to the common quality standards for certain fruits and vegetables

The common quality standards for cauliflowers, tomatoes, apples and pears, peaches, citrus fruits and table grapes shall be supplemented by a further quality class described as Class III.


In this task, you will be presented with a premise and a hypothesis sentence. Determine whether the hypothesis sentence entails (implies), contradicts (opposes), or is neutral with respect to the given premise. Please answer with "Contradiction", "Neutral", or "Entailment".

Input: Premise: And I resent what happened to my flat. A couple of guys think they can stake it out and wait for me, rub their filthy fingers on my clothes, piss in my bathroom, and I'm supposed to ignore it. I know what I said about possessions being like leeches but that don't mean I 'll surrender them to a pair of punks. <sep> Hypothesis: he will surrender his possessions to a pair of punks

Output: Contradiction


Input: Premise: ``Clever''. Klug means ``clever''. Would you say that Abie was clever? <sep> Hypothesis: Abie was clever

Output: Neutral


Input: Premise: A: I, that would have been stupid, B: Yeah. A: and I don't think we did it. Everything else we handled in this seemed to be perfectly right. I don't think they would have done that. <sep> Hypothesis: they would have done that

Output: Contradiction


Input: Premise: She said good morning to Alice and Alice said hallo. She was thin and rather tall with a very lined gentle face and hair that was white but which Alice could see had once been blonde. She could also have told this was Tina's mother before Mrs Darne went off down the passage that led to the Headmaster's Flat. <sep> Hypothesis: this was Tina's mother

Output: Entailment


Input: Premise: B: So again, it never really penalizes, the company doing the wrong. A: Right. That will, B: They can go right on doing the same old thing they always used to. A: Huh. B: And if they know some practice is wrong, you know, <sep> Hypothesis: some practice is wrong

Output: Entailment


In this task, you're given an ambiguous question (which can be answered in more than one way). Your task is to provide one question which clarifies the input question and it has one unique answer, and also provide an answer to the generated question. Generated question and answer should be separated with a new line.

Input: Who invented the process to remove impurities by blasts of cold air blown through heated iron?

Output:
What Englishman invented the process to remove impurities by blasts of cold air blown through heated iron?
 Henry Bessemer


Input: How old do you have to be to get a tattoo in indiana?

Output:
How old do you have to be to get a tattoo in Indiana without parental consent?
 18

How old do you have to be to get a tattoo in Indiana?


Input: When did the old age pension start in australia?

Output:
When did an old age pension start in parts of australia?
 1900

What year did the old age pension start in Australia?


Input: Who wrote the music for shrek the musical?

Output:
Who wrote the music scores for shrek the musical?
 Jeanine Tesori

Who wrote the music for Shrek the Musical?


Input: What is the scientific name for a red fox?

Output:
What is the scientific name for all red foxes?
 Vulpes vulpes


In this task, you are given two questions about a domain. Your task is to combine the main subjects of the questions to write a new, natural-sounding question. For example, if the first question is about the tallness of the president and the second question is about his performance at college, the new question can be about his tallness at college. Try to find the main idea of each question, then combine them; you can use different words or make the subjects negative (i.e., ask about shortness instead of tallness) to combine the subjects. The questions are in three domains: presidents, national parks, and dogs. Each question has a keyword indicating its domain. Keywords are "this national park", "this dog breed", and "this president", which will be replaced with the name of an actual president, a national park, or a breed of dog. Hence, in the new question, this keyword should also be used the same way. Do not write unnatural questions. (i.e., would not be a question someone might normally ask about domains). Do not write open-ended or subjective questions. (e.g., questions that can be answered differently by different people.) If you couldn't find the answer to your question from a single Google search, try to write a different question. You do not have to stick with the original question word for word, but you should try to create a question that combines the main subjects of the question.

Input: Is the number of caves in this national park greater than 2? Can you go spelunking in this national park?

Output: Can you go spelunking in more than one cave at this national park?

Are there more caves in this national park than 2?


Input: Does this national park feature more than two restaurants? Is there a hotel you can sleep at in this national park?

Output: Is there a restaurant to eat at or a hotel you can sleep in at this national park?

Are there more than two restaurants in this national park?


Input: Is white an acceptable color for this dog breed? Can a dog from this dog breed have only one color on their fur?

Output: Is white the only acceptable color for this dog breed?

Are white and black acceptable colors for this dog breed?


Input: What year was the last year this president was in office? How did the stock market perform while this president was in office?

Output: How did the economy perform as this president took office?

Was this president the last president in office?


Input: Can this dog breed have black or brown spots? Is white an acceptable color for this dog breed?

Output: Can this dog breed be white, black, or brown?

Are black or brown spots acceptable for this dog breed?


In this task you're given a question and you have to paraphrase the question to create the output question while retaining the meaning of the original question.

Input: What are the options if my daughter not got seat in IIT or NIT. At present she is under coaching in Allen, Kota. This year she is in class 11th.?

Output: Who is won indutal medal?

What are the options if my daughter not got seat in IIT or NIT?


Input: Do employees at Select Income REIT have a good work-life balance? Does this differ across positions and departments?

Output: Do employees at Pennsylvania REIT have a good work-life balance? Does this differ across positions and departments?


Input: ? to be deleted

Output: Did Hitler underestimate the jewish mafia-nation?


Input: When should you lose your virginity?

Output: Why did you lose your virginity?


Input: Fetch jobs from job portals through API calls?

Output: What are some creative ideas for arranging a freshers' party?

What is the best way to get jobs from job portals?


In this task, you will be presented with a text and a pronoun. You should write the name that the pronoun refers to. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.

Input: General Adkins served in the Maryland Military Department as chief of staff and assistant adjutant general for state operations. He also served as director of the Cemetery and Memorial Programs and as the deputy secretary of Veterans Affairs. In May 2007, Governor Martin O*Malley appointed General Adkins to _his_ cabinet as the secretary of Veterans Affairs. <sep>, Pronoun: his

Output: Martin O*Malley


Input: Mike D'Angelo of The A.V. Club also praised Forster's performance and the tone of the film, saying ``If the film came across as jaded and cynical, it might well be hard to take. Instead, it seems weary and defeated, as if some people are simply born to fail.'' Conversely, Kristy Puchko of The Playlist criticized the film's humor and called it ``one note''. While _she_ praised the performances of Daniela Sandiford, Cole, Weaver, Forster, and Healy, Puchko stated that Coster-Waldau's performance ``keeps us at a distance, unable to connect, empathize, or care''. <sep>, Pronoun: she

Output: Kristy Puchko


Input: While walking across the front lawn, Gasazi reveals that when he sees dogs digging up his flowers and chewing on his trees in the garden, he turns them into ducks. When one duck comes towards Alan, Gasazi tells _him_ to take Fritz (who's now a duck) home and throws him out. <sep>, Pronoun: him

Output: Alan


Input: Luigi Infantino (April 24, 1921, Racalmuto -- June 22, 1991, Rome) was an Italian operatic tenor, particularly associated with the lyric Italian and French repertories. Luigi Infantino studied at the Parma Conservatory with Italo Brancucci. _He_made his debut in 1943, at the Teatro Regio in Parma, as Rodolfo in La boh*me, which was also his debut role at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples, in 1945. <sep>, Pronoun: He

Output: Luigi Infantino


Input: Significant places listed individually on the National Register of Historic Places include: Boswell's Tavern, an important meeting place during the American Revolution and a well-preserved example of a Colonial-era tavern. Grassdale, an Italianate villa built in 1861 by the Morris family, later home of Rear Admiral David W. Taylor and _his_ wife Imogene Morris Taylor. <sep>, Pronoun: his

Output: David W. Taylor


Given an Amazon customer review, write a title for the review. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.

Input: I got this Hub to help add additional ports for my laptop.  I definitely do not NEED 4 more 3.0 ports at this point, but its great to have this plug in to the existing 3.0 port and be hidden under my laptop stand to create more space on the sides of my laptop.

Output: Perfect space saver for your desk

Great to have this hidden under my laptop stand


Input: I love this little device.  Yesterday, I was waiting in an ungodly long line at the post office and luckily had my library at my fingertips.  The size of the Kindle makes it easy to transport with you wherever you are.  Also, the 3G internet is a great perk.  I was able to check my email as well as read some articles using google reader in the middle of the post office.  If you like to read, then this is the e-reader you should get.  Use it for books, and think of the internet as just a perk.

Output: Extremely pleased


Input:
The monitor I received as an A0 version but manufactured in July of 2014. I ordered it in October of 2014 so clearly this is current product. I suspect the versions indicated the plant where the monitor was manufactured not the technology in the unit. My monitor has an excellent picture and no buzzing. The only area that I feel needs clarifying is that the monitor can only display WQHD (1440) graphics on Dual Link DVI graphics interfaces with the Dual Link DVI cable or the Displayport. The VGA and HMDI interfaces cannot  go past HD resolution. This resulted in my needing to get a suitable graphics card and cable. This can be harder than it seems as most DVI are single link.  I found an EVGA card with an Nvidia GeForce GT610 GPU with 1 GB of ram works fabulously with my standard HP Pavillion power supply and delivers excellent performance. However, I am not gaming full screen and full resolution most of the time but instead doing Photo editing and CAD work.

Bottom line: This is an excellent monitor with a minor restriction.

Output: My monitor has an excellent picture and no buzzing


Input: What can I say - everything about this Kindle is great! I have read many books, papers and played games on it and all have been very enjoyable. And when I compared it to other Ebooks the Kindle in my opinion was the better choice. The only thing I wish it had is if you could get it in different colors. Graphite gray and white are the only colors.  If you do decide to buy the Kindle make sure you buy a case for it. I bought the Amazon leather case with the light - the case is kind of expensive but well worth it - you won't be disappointed with it and I especially enjoy the light.

Output: An Awesome Ebook.


Input: AMAZING! These speakers are so good for what you pay for. If you want to be able to blast music and make it sound rich and have bass this is the best option. With 5,000+ reviews and over 4 stars this is a must! This thing is awesome!

Output: Outstanding!

Amazing! These speakers are so good for what they pay for. If you want to be able to blast music and make it sound rich and have bass this is the best option.


In this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.

Input: Coal was first reported in Brunei Darussalam near Muara as early as 1837. in Serai Pimping. The Muara coalmine was first mined commercially in 1883, when William Cowie was given the concession rights to mine the coal in exchange for $1,200 per year. However, Cowie later sold _his_ rights to Rajah Charles Brooke and the Rajah renamed the mine Brooketon (Brooke Town). <sep>, Pronoun: his <sep>, A: Rajah Charles Brooke <sep>, B: Rajah

Output: Neither


Input: Martha tells Ted he values the wrong things and Ted calls Martha a freeloader. That night she attempts to contact the cult but is greeted by a girl named Marlene Miller. Martha loses her nerve and hangs up. In a flashback at the cult, Martha helps a girl named Sally integrate into the cult. _She_ helps Patrick drug and rape Sally, as had been done to her. <sep>, Pronoun: She <sep>, A: Martha <sep>, B: Sally

Output: A


Input: He drew obsessively from childhood obsessed, both from his own imagination and by copying images that particularly pleased him. 1913 after his return from Ascona, he attended painting school in Munich for a total of eight days. But doubt in his ability was so strong that he hid his work from all but _his_ friend, the writer Oskar Maria Graf (as Schrimpf former baker). <sep>, Pronoun: his <sep>, A: Oskar Maria Graf <sep>, B: Schrimpf

Output: Neither


Input: In Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992), directed by Francis Ford Coppola, Lucy is played by Sadie Frost. Lucy is eroticized much further than her literary incarnation, becoming more than seductive and coquettish, even tempting, and what she says often refers to sex. As a spoiled child of aristocracy, she talks with artlessness and frankness, bordering on the indecent. Unlike _her_ friend Mina, who stays resolute, Lucy's sexual tendencies are to be her downfall. <sep>, Pronoun: her <sep>, A: Mina <sep>, B: Lucy

Output: B


Input: I thought the best way to do that was to transfer.'' After Cruthers' decision to leave USMA he called Derek Schooley, the new head coach of RMU Mens Hockey Team. Schooley, formerly assistant coach for Air Force, had recruited Ryan before _his_ decision to attend West Point and was more than happy to take Ryan on the team. <sep>, Pronoun: his <sep>, A: Schooley <sep>, B: Ryan

Output: B


You will be given three sentences. Read them, then identify a noun phrase (person, place, or thing) or event that is shared between all three sentences. As the output, write the span of the text corresponding to that phrase in each sentence. Keep the order of the sentences, that is, your answer should look like: 1: *a phras from sentence 1e* 2: *a phras from sentence 2* 3: *a phrase from sentence 3*

Input: 1: When Moynihan opened the driver 's - side door , the video shows , West sprang out and fired a shot with a pistol at the officer 's face . 2:  His condition is best described as serious but improving ,  Boston police said in a statement . 3: Video shows that the man later shot dead by police in Boston opened fire first .

Output: 1: Moynihan 2: His 3: police

Video shows, West sprang out and fired a shot with a pistol at the officer's face.


Input: 1: I would n't , and neither did Ben Affleck , who lobbied producers of a PBS show ,  Finding Your Roots ,  to remove any reference to his great-great-great grandfather Benjamin Cole , a Georgia slave owner in the mid-1800 's , in an episode that looked at Affleck 's family history . 2: And on Tuesday , Affleck , via Facebook , admitted that he had urged Gates to excise any reference to his slave-owning relative . 3: Ben Affleck admits he asked PBS show  Finding Your Roots  to avoid mentioning his slave-owning ancestor .

Output: 1: Ben Affleck 2: Affleck 3: Ben Affleck

Output: 1: his great-great-great grandfather Benjamin Cole , a Georgia slave owner in the mid-1800 2: his slave-owning relative 3: his slave-owning ancestor

Output: 1: remove 2: excise 3: avoid

And on Tuesday, Affleck, via Facebook, admitted that he had urged Gates to excise any reference to his slave-owning ancestor.


Input: 1: ( CNN ) When ISIS overran their villages near Mosul in August 2014 , a small group of Assyrians , a Middle Eastern minority with a history reaching back more than 4,000 years , picked up weapons and formed their own militia : Dwekh Nawsha --  The Sacrificers .  2: Assyrians belong to the rapidly dwindling Christian population of Iraq -- recent estimates from CAPNI , the largest Christian relief organization in northern Iraq put the number as low as 300,000 compared with 1.5 million 20 years ago -- and many among them see the fight with ISIS as a final battle for survival against the Islamists .  3: Assyrians are an ancient Middle Eastern minority -- they are part of the rapidly dwindling Christian population of Iraq .

Output: 1: of Assyrians , a Middle Eastern minority with a history reaching back more than 4,000 years 2: Assyrians 3: Assyrians

( CNN ) When ISIS overran their villages near Mosul in August 2014, a small group of Assyrians, a Middle Eastern minority with a history reaching back more than 4,000 years, picked up weapons and formed their own militia : Dwekh Nawsha -- The Sacrificers.


Input: 1: The decimation of our people , too , was reduced to a footnote -- if we were lucky -- in tomes about World War I , when more than one million Armenians were killed during the last days of the Ottoman Empire . 2: As Kim Kardashian , sister Khloe and their two cousins recently toured Armenia -- on the eve of the 100th anniversary of the mass killings , which is marked on April 24 -- they spotlighted a humanitarian crime that Pope Francis recently called  the first genocide of the 20th century .  3: Dawn MacKeen : 2015 marks 100th anniversary of slaughter of Armenians by Ottoman Empire . Kim Kardashian has used fame to spotlight this .

Output: 1: more than one million Armenians were killed 2: the mass killings 3: slaughter of Armenians by Ottoman Empire


Input: 1: Later that month , the ICC opened a preliminary examination into the situation in Palestinian territories , paving the way for possible war crimes investigations against Israelis . 2: Israel and the United States , neither of which is an ICC member , opposed the Palestinians ' efforts to join the body . 3: Israel and the United States opposed the move , which could open the door to war crimes investigations against Israelis .

Output: 1: Israelis 2: Israel 3: Israelis

1: Later that month, the ICC opened a preliminary examination into the situation in Palestinian territories, paving the way for possible war crimes investigations against Israelis 2: Israel and the United States, neither of which is an ICC member, opposed the Palestinians'efforts to join the body 3: Israel and the United States


In this task, you need to write a topic word from the given fact. The topic word must have at least one word overlap with the given fact. The topic word often involves adding a new word from a related concept. In your topic word, use at least one word from the given fact. Topic words with two or more words work best.

Input: Fact: folding an object causes that object to change shape.

Output: folding an object.

Output: folding chair.

Output: folding objects.

Output: folding origami.

Output: folding paper origami.

Output: origami fold.

Output: solid objects.


Input: Fact: a balance is used for measuring mass of an object.

Output: a balance measure weight.

Output: balance mass.

Output: mass grams.

Output: mass kilograms.

Output: mass of an object.

Output: measuring mass units.

Output: object mass grams.


Input: Fact: Sweating reduces body heat.

Output: "body heat" reduces sweating.

Output: Sweating is.

Output: body heat necessary.

Output: body heat.

Output: sweat evaporation cooling.

Output: sweating body heat.

Output: sweating body.

Output: sweating perspiration.

Output: sweating perspire.

Output: sweating water.

Output: sweating.


Input: Fact: a black hole is formed by a high-mass star collapses.

Output: black hole.

Output: collapsed stars.

Output: high mass star.

Output: mass star.

Output: star celestial body.

Output: star collapse.

Output: star sun.

Output: why a star collapses.


Input: Fact: hurricanes convert heat energy into mechanical energy.

Output: hurricane is a.

Output: hurricane saffir-simpson.

Output: hurricanes damage buildings.

Output: hurricanes.

Output: hurricans.

Output: mechanical energy and heat energy.

Output: mechanical energy.


In this task, you are given two statements. The task is to output whether a given textual premise, i.e. Statement 2, entails or implies a given scientific fact, i.e. Statement 1. The output should be 'entails' if Statement 2 supports Statement 1 and should be 'neutral' otherwise.

Input: Sentence 1: Motion can be defined simply as a change in position. Sentence 2: Motion can be determined by change in position over time.

Output: entails


Input: Sentence 1: Range is the term for the horizontal displacement of a projectile from its starting point. Sentence 2: These range from prehistoric projectile points to jewelry made from shells and bone.

Output: neutral


Input: Sentence 1: A complex machine is described by: it is made of more than one simple machine. Sentence 2: A turing machine is a simple theoritical machine that should be able to solve any problem that a more complex machine can, and hence, is used in proofs on complexity theory.

Output: neutral


Input: Sentence 1: In the nuclear fusion process, two light nuclei combine to produce a heavier nucleus and great energy. Sentence 2: nuclear fusion A nuclear process that releases energy when lightweight nuclei combine to form heavy-weight nuclei.

Output: entails


Input: Sentence 1: You decrease errors in an experiment by take many measurements. Sentence 2: This decreases the chance of measurement error due to sound reflections from the body of the technician.

Output: neutral


You are given a sentence and a question in the input. If the information provided in the sentence is enough to answer the question, label "Yes", otherwise label "No". Do not use any facts other than those provided in the sentence while labeling "Yes" or "No". There are only two types of valid responses: Yes and No.

Input:
Sentence: Within the districts lie VDCs (villages), 3 municipalities (Bhaktapur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi), 1 sub-metropolitan city (Lalitpur), and 1 metropolitan city (Kathmandu).
Question: How many sub-metropolitan cities are present in the districts that make up the Kathmandu valley?

Output: Yes.


Input:
Sentence: Noodle found a long brown stick.
Question: Where was Jack when he saw the pond with ducks in it?

Output: No.


Input:
Sentence: This made the robot very happy.
Question: Where did Carl come from?

Output: No.


Input:
Sentence: - Mary said: Josh, Thank you - Excuse me, Mary ... I have to go ... Otherwise I'll be late for school ... And I would not want to upset the teacher.
Question: Who are the principal characters of the story?

Output: Yes.


Input:
Sentence: When Jimmy got home his hat was sitting there next to his goldfish.
Question: why couldn't he keep looking?

Output: No.


"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'.  Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.

Input:
Prompt: Well, were you attracted by the sounds of my working on this here contraption?
 Response 1: I was hiding under it, Cape Fear style.
 Response 2: I did. I was thinking "I hear something behind my back, some kind of contraption is being worked on. But I can't see anyone here."

Output: Response 2


Input:
Prompt: I would just like to discern what brow mopping exactly is.
 Response 1: It's like this. I take out my handkerchief and I mop my brow, so as to make a point and to say this is all very weary.
 Response 2: My goodness. You've been here since the beginning. Do you not remember?

Output: Response 1


Input:
Prompt: Yeah, your hands look like two thunderclouds with lightening shooting out of them.
 Response 1: Like two horses with one too many legs each.
 Response 2: Thank you, Maybelline. I feel like I whittled it down really well.

Output: Response 1


Input:
Prompt: Guys, guys, Nixon is resigning.
 Response 1: I was having a great day, but I just realized there's only one channel on television and that's going to ruin my life forever.
 Response 2: The president?

Output: Response 2


Input:
Prompt: Wait, they give you cups of coffee when you make it to the major leagues?
 Response 1: Yeah, rook, that's what happens. You get a cup of coffee. And if you can't stand the heat you're sent right back down to the minors.
 Response 2: Yeah. My boss says I'm in to weird music and thought I might like these. He doesn't know me at all.

Output: Response 1


In this task, you will be shown an incorrect English sentence. You need to generate a corrected form of the input sentence.

Input: However , all of them are limited .

Output: However , all of them are limited .


Input: However , there were n't any particles .

Output: However , there were n't any particles .


Input: Specializing in one particular subject does not suit our life in this era which is characterized by diversity and innovation

Output: Specializing in one particular subject does not suit our lives in this era which is characterized by diversity and innovation .


Input: For example one man is a football club fans .

Output: For example , one man is a football club fan .

For example one man is a football club fans.


Input: Fish firming uses the lots of special products such as fish meal .

Output: Fish farming uses lots of special products such as fish meal .

Fish firming uses the lots of special products such as fish meal.


In each example you will read a short sentence (or two). Then, a pronoun in the text is mentioned. Your task is to choose a referent which the mentioned pronoun refers to. You will be given two options in each case and one choice should seem much more likely to you than the other.

Input: sentence: Emma and Julia did not pass the ball to Janie and Anne although they saw that they were open .pronoun: they. A) emma and julia B) janie and anne

Output: emma and julia


Input: sentence: Sam and Henry pulled up chairs to the pianos , but they were broken , so they had to stand instead .pronoun: they. A) the chairs B) the pianos

Output: the chairs


Input: sentence: Frank and Steve felt vindicated when their longtime rivals Bill and Pete revealed that they were the winners of the competition .pronoun: they. A) frank and steve B) bill and pete

Output: frank and steve


Input: sentence: rick said "check" to grover as he took his bishop .pronoun: his. A) rick B) grover

Output: grover


Input: sentence: the mold rolled off the rack because it wasn't level .pronoun: it. A) the mold B) the rack

Output: the rack


In this task, we ask you convert a data table of restaurant descriptions into fluent natural-sounding English sentences. The input is a string of key-value pairs; the output should be a natural and grammatical English sentence containing all the information from the input.

Input: name[Zizzi], eatType[restaurant], priceRange[cheap], area[riverside]

Output: Zizzi is a cheap restaurant in the riverside area.

The Zizzi is a cheap Italian restaurant in the riverside.


Input: name[The Vaults], food[French], priceRange[more than £30], familyFriendly[yes]

Output: There is a child friendly French restaurant with a price range of more than £30 called The Vaults.

The Vaults is a French restaurant in the city centre. It has a family friendly atmosphere and is located near the city centre.


Input: name[The Olive Grove], eatType[pub], food[French], priceRange[more than £30], area[riverside], familyFriendly[yes]

Output: The Olive Grove is a child-friendly pub, serving French food and is suitable for those with a budget of more than £30.

The Olive Grove is a pub in the centre of the city. It has a good customer rating and is family friendly.


Input: name[The Eagle], eatType[coffee shop], food[Indian], priceRange[cheap], customer rating[5 out of 5], area[riverside], familyFriendly[yes], near[Burger King]

Output: The Eagle is in the riverside area near Burger King.  It serves cheap Indian food and has a customer rating of 5 out of 5.  It is family friendly.

The Eagle is a coffee shop in the riverside. It has a good customer rating and is near Burger King.


Input: name[Midsummer House], food[Italian], priceRange[high], customer rating[1 out of 5], near[All Bar One]

Output: There is a restaurant near All Bar One called Midsummer House that is expensive.

Midsummer House is a Italian restaurant in the city centre near All Bar One.


Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].

Input:
Billionaire Prince Alwaleed bin Talal  was picked up at  his  desert camp  the senior official said. Authorities did not disclose the evidence that prompted the arrests.
 Prince Alwaleed bin Talal  presides over a vast financial empire (estimated $35 billion in 2015):
Alwaleed is the largest individual shareholder of Citigroup  the second-largest voting shareholder in 21st Century Fox and owns a number of hotels. TIME even called  him  "Arabian Warren Buffet".
MBS  as  the Crown Prince  is known  is the leader who is launching what modernizers hope will be a Saudi Version of the Meiji Restoration[ii] in Japan  transforming the political economy and culture out of necessity â in order to survive in the modern world system. The Saudis have practiced religious and cultural isolationism  while their oil allowed the country to avoid the necessity of building an economy that could supply anything else that the rest of the world would be willing to pay for.
Of the people arrested   Alwaleed bin Tala  is the most intriguing for Americans thanks to  his  Twitter sparring with candidate Trump during the election  and for a startling connection unearthed by Jack Cashill more than five years ago in World New Daily.

Output: Modernizers launch a coup within the House of Saud

Billionaire Prince Alwaleed bin Talal arrested at desert camp


Input:
YouTube star Logan Paul  says  he 's going to grow from  his  mistakes after last month's incident  in which  he  received news-making backlash after posting images of what appeared to be a suicide victim online.  Paul  says  he 's a "good guy who made a bad decision " and says some of the "tough" comments  he  has received have even included people calling on  him  to kill  himself .
"It's been tough  'cause ironically I'm being told to commit suicide  myself  "  he  said on ABC's "Good Morning America" on Thursday. "Millions of people literally telling me they hate me  to go die in a fire. Like  the most horrible  horrific things."
 Paul  says that  he  realizes the impact of  his  actions  and accepts the criticism  he  has received as fair. At the same time   he  also said that parents should monitor what their children watch.
 He  added that  he  does not think of  his  target audience as children.
"Sometimes I cuss. Sometimes I make inappropriate jokes "  he  said. "I want to make jokes that kids my age are going to like ... Now I will say I'm much more aware of the impact that my actions have on  myself  and others."
Last month   Paul  posted video of  him  in a forest near Mount Fuji in Japan near what seemed to be a body hanging from a tree. YouTube says the images violated its policies and suspended  him .
 Paul  called the posting a "horrible lack of judgment."  He  says  he 'll "think twice ... maybe three times" about what  he  posts.
Last week   Paul  returned to the video sharing platform with a suicide prevention video.  He  told "Good Morning America"  he 's hopeful for  his  future.
"I think I'm going to earn a second chance "  he  said. "I don't think everyone should get a second chance."

Output: YouTube star Logan Paul wants "second chance" after " suicide forest" video

YouTube star Logan Paul says he's going to grow from his mistakes after posting images of what appeared to be a suicide victim online.


Input:
"Our coaches in our league stand up for whatâs right  " South Carolina coach Dawn Staley  said. "The fact that they can speak out on it  itâs a great thing. Itâs what America is all about  being able to exercise your First Amendment right."
 Staley  said  her  team  which won the NCAA title in April  still has not been invited to the White House.
"What I am most looking forward to is getting an invitation to the NCAA tournament in 2018  " Staley  said. "That's more important."
âFrom someone who has had that experience and understanding what that experience means and for  Dawn  and their team  itâs kind of (a) slap in the face " White said.
"We enjoyed the White House " Warlick said. "I hope that if  Dawn  wants to go and take  her  team  I hope  she  gets that opportunity. It's a special time."
More:  Dawn Staley  done discussing possible White House invite
When Fargas went as a Tennessee player in 1991  the men's and women's national champion teams visited the White House together. So  she  was there to see President George H. W. Bush with the Duke team that featured Christian Laettner and Grant Hill.

Output: White House snub of South Carolina basketball 'a slap in the face'

South Carolina coach Dawn Staley says her team still has not been invited to the White House.


Input:
Skip in Skip  x Embed x Share CLOSE Michigan football coach Jim Harbaugh  discusses the quarterback situation Oct. 30  2017  heading into the Minnesota game. By Nick Baumgardner  DFP.
 Jim Harbaugh  didn't declare Brandon Peters as  his  starting quarterback after Saturday's win over Rutgers.
And while  he  wasn't quite ready to do it Monday   he  more or less tabbed Michigan's redshirt freshman as the starter for Saturday night's game against Minnesota.
"Brandon will play  it's likely  he 'll start "  Harbaugh  said Monday afternoon in Ann Arbor. "We'll see."
Minutes earlier   Harbaugh  told reporters  he  wasn't prepared to officially name a starter for Saturday (7:30 p.m.  Fox).  He  said Michigan would prepare both Peters and fifth-year senior John O'Korn to play against the Golden Gophers  as  he  says  he  did a week ago.
When pressed   Harbaugh  said odds are Peters will be the starting quarterback this weekend.
"We're going to try to really build on what Brandon did in the ballgame  we're going into this game and we're going to prepare both quarterbacks "  Harbaugh  said. "Brandon's definitely going to play. The 51 percent would be on the side of him starting.
 Harbaugh  said  he  didn't want to jump the gun too fast  though  as  he 'd like to have Peters build off  his  impressive debut with a better week of practice heading into what appears to be  his  first college start.
In other words: It's all set up for  him   but Peters has to earn it this week.
"Our system is a meritocracy  where the best players play "  Harbaugh  said. "It was time for Brandon to play   he  went in and acquitted  himself  very well.  He  will play again this week.
"Build on the successes that  he  had in the ball game. Have a real good full week of practice."

Output: Brandon Peters will 'likely' start at QB for Michigan vs. Minnesota

Michigan quarterback says he'll play Saturday game against Minnesota


Input:
Melanie Oudin and Francesca Schiavone also know how quickly perceptions can change. Oudin struggled with higher expectations since her crowd-pleasing run to the U.S. Open quarterfinals last year. So did Schiavone after her breakthrough French Open title in June.
 Oudin  18  needed just 56 minutes to beat Olga Savchuk of Ukraine 6-3  6-0. Schiavone  the Italian who won her first Grand Slam weeks before her 30th birthday  dispatched Ayumi Morita of Japan 6-1  6-0 in 58 minutes.
 If anything  Schiavone seems to be having fun in the spotlight. Asked why she's a fan favorite  she playfully replied  "I attract them because I'm beautiful."
 Schiavone acknowledged that maybe she's a bit more motivated at a Grand Slam than at other tournaments. Schiavone  seeded No. 6  had been just 3-6 since winning at Roland Garros. She lost in the first round at Wimbledon and dropped her opening match at three other tournaments.
 She was pleased that her first-round match was in the grandstand -- a year ago  she was relegated to an outer court.
 "I like to do it  because adrenaline is coming up and I enjoy much more than play in faraway court " she said with a laugh. "Maybe because I am 30 years old and now I want to enjoy with people."

Output: Clijsters wins 1st US Open match in straight sets

French Open champions upset No. 1 seed in a flash.


In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.

Input:
story: It was a cloudy day outside. Tina thought that it would rainy outside. She brought her umbrella with her on the bus. Tina lost her umbrella on the bus. She got rained on as she walked to work.
 selected sentence: Tina thought that it would rainy outside.

Output: Tina sees clouds >Causes/Enables> Tina thinks it will rain

Tina brought her umbrella with her on the bus.