Determined
Report of the Secretary-General
on the Work of the Organization
2023
COPYRIGHT:
Report of the Secretary-General on the Work of the Organization (A/78/1, seventy-eighth session)
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INTRODUCTION  ...............................................................................................................4
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH
AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT  .............................................................................32
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY  .....................................66
DEVELOP


MENT IN AFRICA  ............................................................................................98
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS  ................................................110
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE  ................................128
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW  ..............................................146
DISARMAMENT  ............................................................................................................158
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND
COMBATING TERRORISM  ............................................................................................170
EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF THE ORGANIZATION  ..................................................182
Contents
Cover: Six years since the Peace Agreement was signed in 2016 between the Government of Colombia and the
Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), the United Nations continues to
support the political and socioeconomic


 reincorporation of more than 13,000 ex-combatants – a third of whom
are women – into civilian life.
(Pondores, Colombia; October 2022) © UN-Women/Pedro Pío
*** This report is issued in response to Article 98 of the Charter of the United Nations, which mandates
the Secretary-General to provide an annual report to the General Assembly on the work of the Organization.
The key priorities covered in the report correspond to the eight priorities established by the General Assembly
each biennium, together with a final chapter on the effective functioning of the Organization.
The 2022 SDG Moment, which took place during
the high-level week of the General Assembly,
focused on the promise of inclusion, resilience and
sustainability embedded in the Goals, especially in
times of crisis. Convened by the Secretary-General,
António Guterres, the SDG Moment is a reminder
of our commitment to a better future for all, on a
safe and healthy planet.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
OPENING BY T


HE
SECRETARY-GENERAL
HIGHLIGHTS FROM ACROSS THE
UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM
The wider United Nations family
Our Common Agenda
Global Crisis Response Group on Food, Energy and Finance
Black Sea Initiative and Memorandum of Understanding
Select transformative agendas
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
Eduardo Kobra’s mural was installed at
United Nations Headquarters from September to
December 2022. It highlights the importance of
meeting the needs of the present without
compromising the Earth’s ability to meet the needs
of future generations.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
INTRODUCTION
The past year1 was marked by increasingly complex
crises for our world – poverty, inequality, hunger and
rising unemployment; an uneven and uncertain global
economic outlook; the escalating climate emergency;
and conflicts, in particular the invasion of Ukraine by
the Russian Federation. In every case, the poorest
and most vulnerable people and communities are
hit hardest.
Meanwhile, human rights are u


nder assault, worsened
by widening economic and social gaps and the lingering
effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Women and young people continue to be shut out of
economic, civic and social spaces, denying entire
societies their contributions and ideas. Shrinking civic
space, the rapid spread of mis- and disinformation and
rising hate speech and misogyny are pushing people
apart at a time when we need unity and solidarity more
than ever.
We face the highest levels of geopolitical mistrust and
competition in decades. Sharp divisions are growing
within countries and across the global community.
Countries and entire regions are turning their backs on
one another, leaving the urgent and essential business
of jointly shaping a better future to wither on the vine.
At the same time, humanity continues to grapple
with balancing the great promise of technological
innovations such as artificial intelligence and social
media with the need to address clear threats to people’s
right


s to safety and privacy.
1
 In line with the regular budget of the United Nations Secretariat, the
reporting period is from 1 January to 31 December 2022. Given the
peacekeeping budget period from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023, and the
presentation of the report to the General Assembly in September, a few key
highlights from the first months of 2023 are also included.
“The women and men
of the United Nations
are determined in our
efforts to address today’s
cascading crises and set
humanity on a new path
to peace, stability and
prosperity.”
António Guterres, Secretary-General
6 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
7
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8 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
Little Amal, a giant puppet of a 10-year-old Syrian
refugee girl, stands next to the Non-Violence
sculpture, also known as The Knotted Gun, at
United Nations Headquarters. Since


 July 2021,
Little Amal has travelled over 9,000 km across
12 countries, representing all children fleeing war,
violence and persecution.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
INTRODUCTION
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9
INTRODUCTION
11
Nevertheless, as the present report shows, the women
and men of the United Nations are determined in our
efforts to address those crises and set humanity on a
new path to peace, stability and prosperity. In the report,
I highlight inspiring examples of our determination,
based on our belief that a better world is not only
necessary, but within our grasp.
Nowhere are the needs greater than in the midst of
emergencies.
In 2022, together with our partners on the ground,
we coordinated humanitarian response plans for 216
million people across 69 countries and territories
and delivered life-saving assistance and protection
to nearly 160 million people in urgent need. Thanks to
the generosity of our do


nors, we mobilized a record
$30 billion in humanitarian aid.
We responded to regional crises across the Sahel and
the Horn of Africa, which face a deadly combination
of drought, poverty, insecurity and the looming risk of
famine. We reached 17 million people in the Horn of
Africa with humanitarian assistance in 2022, and some
20 million people across the Sahel.
In Afghanistan, the United Nations and our partners
reached more than 26 million people in 2022 with
humanitarian assistance and protection, including in
previously inaccessible locations, while pushing back
against the unacceptable curtailment of women’s and
girls’ rights, in particular their access to education and
livelihoods.
Peace is the beating heart of the United Nations. In
2022, our teams deployed a wide range of tools to
prevent, mitigate, manage and resolve conflicts, while
protecting the people affected by them.
António Guterres, Secretary-General, oversees
departing ships involved in the Black Sea Initiative.
To mitigat


e global food insecurity and its
humanitarian impact, the Secretary-General
proposed the Black Sea Initiative to Türkiye, the
Russian Federation and Ukraine.
(Istanbul, Türkiye; August 2022) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
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12 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
INTRODUCTION
“We must focus both on the
crises affecting the world
today and on equipping
the United Nations to deal
preventively and effectively
with those which threaten
our collective future.”
Guy Ryder, Under-Secretary-General for Policy
“At the halfway point to
2030, we need to rescue
the SDGs. We need all
hands-on deck and a
major surge in leadership,
financing and solidarity for
people and planet.”
Amina J. Mohammed, Deputy Secretary-General
“In our turbulent world,
we are working for a
more just, inclusive and
sustainable


 future for
every member of the
human family.”
E. Courtenay Rattray, Chef de Cabinet
13
12 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
14 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
Around the world, we redoubled our pursuit of peace,
from the United Nations-brokered truce in Yemen, to
our 41 special political missions and offices and 12
peacekeeping operations. The Peacebuilding Fund
committed $231 million to supporting peacebuilding
efforts across 37 countries, with more than a third
of those funds dedicated to supporting women and
young people.
In Ukraine, the United Nations stayed and delivered,
supporting close to 16 million people through our
humanitarian response plan.
To mitigate global food insecurity and its humanitarian
impact, we proposed the Initiative on the Safe
Transportation of Grain and Foodstuffs from Ukrainian
Ports (Black Sea Initiative) to Türkiye, the Russian
Federation


and Ukraine. As at mid-June 2023, the
Initiative had enabled the export of over 32 million tons
of grain and other foodstuffs, with over half of food
exports going to developing countries. Meanwhile,
the United Nations continued its efforts under the
Memorandum of Understanding between the Russian
Federation and the Secretariat of the United Nations to
facilitate the unimpeded access to the global markets
of  Russian food products and fertilizers, which are not
subject to sanctions. We will continue to press for a
just and sustainable peace, in line with the Charter of
the United Nations.
We are collaborating with regional organizations,
including the African Union, to build the foundations
of peace in countries that have seen too little of it.
In 2022, we continued to rally countries around the
urgent need to end the threat from weapons of mass
destruction through important meetings on the Treaty
on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons and the Review
Conference of the States Parties to the C


onvention on
the Prohibition of the Development, Production and
Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin
Weapons and on Their Destruction.
The first ever United Nations Global Congress of
Victims of Terrorism gave a voice to people who have
a critical role to play in efforts to fight this scourge
around the world.
Our country teams worked tirelessly throughout the
past year to help Governments build stronger and
more equal economies, societies and systems that
can support their people.
And yet, halfway to 2030, progress on the Sustainable
Development Goals has stalled and, in some cases,
even gone into reverse.
Developing countries are victims of a dysfunctional
and unfair global financial system that denies them
the financing and debt relief that they need to invest
in renewable energy, universal social protection,
quality education, decent job creation, universal health
coverage, sustainable food systems, infrastructure and
the digital transformation.
To address the global


 financing crisis, we launched a
Sustainable Development Goal stimulus proposal to
accelerate achievement of the Goals, with the aim of
mobilizing $500 billion in new investments. Through
the stimulus proposal, we target three actions on which
the current international financial architecture can
deliver results: (a) addressing costly debt and growing
debt distress; (b) massively boosting affordable long-
term financing; and (c) expanding contingency funds
for countries in need.
The Transforming Education Summit placed
education back on the global agenda and resulted in
commitments to revamp education systems for the
modern world, recover ground lost in education during
the pandemic and unlock the potential of technology
for girls’ education.
Over
36,000
United Nations
Secretariat staff
delivering results
across eight priority
areas
15
Sustainable development
United Nations country teams led by resident
coordinators work in 162 countries and territories
to help to implement the 2030 Agenda


.
Peace and security
Deployed 53 peacekeeping operations, special
political missions, and support offices to prevent
conflict and support peacebuilding.
Humanitarian assistance
Helped to mobilize a record $30B to assist 216M
people across 69 countries and territories.
Drugs, crime and terrorism
Assisted 29 Member States in drafting or revising
firearms legislation and supported 60 countries in
countering and preventing cybercrime.
Development in Africa
Helping 54 countries to leapfrog development
challenges and catalyse a sustainable and equitable
recovery from COVID-19 and the impact of
cascading crises.
Justice and international law
As of 2023, 643 multilateral treaties addressing
matters of worldwide interest are deposited with the
Secretary-General.
Human rights
Facilitated assistance for 47,000 victims of torture
and 13,000+ victims of contemporary forms of
slavery.
Disarmament
Channelled funds to 112 arms-control-related
projects benefiting 147 Member States.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
DE


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16 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
*Number refers to 2021
This diagram is provided for illustrative purposes only. The financial years for the regular budget (2022) and for peacekeeping
operations (2021/22) differ. Allocation of resources to priorities is based on the United Nations programme budget. Data for the
United Nations system is based on indicative reports to the secretariat of the United Nations System Chief Executives Board for
Coordination. For detailed information, please refer to the audited financial statements.
EXPENDITURES ACROSS KEY PRIORITY AREAS IN 2022
Maintenance of
international peace and
security
$7.3B
Drug control, crime
prevention and
combating terrorism
$452M
Effective functioning of
the Organization
$1.7B
Promotion of sustained
economic growth
and sustainable development
$1.9B
Assessed contributions for peacekeeping and international tribuna


ls
Assessed contributions for regular budget
Voluntary contributions
United Nations system
Including specialized agencies, funds and programmes, and the United Nations Secretariat
Secretariat
$14.8B
~$56B*
$6.5B
$5.0B
$3.2B
Effective coordination of
humanitarian assistance,
including pooled funds
$2.6B
Promotion and protection
of human rights
$399M
Promotion of justice
and international law
$220M
Development in Africa
$109M
including the Economic
Commission for Africa
Disarmament
$40M
Learn more
The diagram shows an indicative overview of
United Nations expenditure in 2022 across its
eight priorities. Standing at about $14.8 billion,
spending increased slightly from 2021. The
diagram also helps to compare the expenditure
of Secretariat entities with the approximately $56
billion of the entire United Nations system (including
specialized agencies, funds, and programmes).
See chart on page 206 for all entities in the United
Nations system.
Young people engage in driving water action in the


SDG media zone at United Nations Headquarters.
(New York; March 2023) ©UN Photo/Paulo Filgueiras
 17
A Water Action sign is displayed at the United
Nations 2023 Water Conference, which brought
stakeholders together to take action on water for
sustainable development and human well-being.
(New York; March 2023) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
INTRODUCTION
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The General Assembly approved the establishment of
the United Nations Youth Office, which will bring the
voices of young people into the heart of multilateral
decision-making.
The Secretariat supported other parts of the United
Nations family in accelerating global Internet
connectivity and delivered policy advice to Governments
and programmes for rural schools and communities.
Over 400 million new users joined the global digital
community in the past year, and more than 5.3 billion
people are now online and able to access education,
public services and digital tools to


 drive development
and prosperity.
The past year saw a number of breakthroughs in
addressing the triple planetary crisis of climate change,
pollution and biodiversity loss. Those breakthroughs
include the adoption of a global biodiversity framework;
the agreement reached at the twenty-seventh
Conference of the Parties to the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change, held in
Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, on a fund to address the loss
and damage caused by climate change; the start
of negotiations to develop a global, legally binding
instrument to address plastic pollution; and recognition
by the General Assembly of the human right to a clean,
healthy and sustainable environment.
Throughout the year, the United Nations strengthened
our work to place people’s rights and voices at the heart
of our programmes, services and advocacy.
We helped to promote the full and equal participation
of women in peace and political processes in Iraq,
Libya, the Syrian Arab Republic, Yemen and elsewhere.


In addition, the United Nations Disability Inclusion
Strategy is helping to ensure that people living with
disabilities can participate equally across every aspect
of their societies.
18
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
At every step, we spared no effort to renew the world’s
commitment to multilateralism and the Charter. We
advanced many of the proposals set out in my report on
Our Common Agenda, laying the essential groundwork
for important decision-making on multilateralism and
global governance in the months and years to come.
We also continued to pursue our reform agenda at
Headquarters and in the field.
The reinvigorated resident coordinator system won
strong support from Member States for better aligning
our work with government priorities and delivering
more coherently on the ground. The change to an
annual budget will help to support the vital process of
reforming the United Nations for the future.
Internally, we continued to champion equality and
diversity among our staff through the system


-wide
strategy on gender parity and the revised geographical
diversity strategy.
We introduced the new United Nations Values and
Behaviours Framework, which reflects our goal of an
organizational culture based on inclusion, integrity,
humility and humanity. Moreover, in keeping with our
commitment to zero tolerance for sexual exploitation
and abuse, we continued to strengthen coordination
and accountability in preventing and responding to
this scourge.
In these turbulent and uncertain times, the work and
mission of the United Nations are more vital than ever.
The results outlined in the present report – achieved
each and every day by our dedicated staff members
– are helping to prevent and mitigate crises and
are bringing us closer to a more peaceful and
sustainable world.
The United Nations will never stop fighting for a
better future.
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20
LET’S ADVANCE  ON
THE PROMISE OF
FREEDOM, EQUALITY
 AND JUSTICE F


OR ALL
The “Yad Vashem Book of Names” exhibition was part of the United
Nations memorial ceremony for the victims of the Holocaust. It lists
alphabetically the name of each of the approximately 4.8 million Holocaust
victims currently documented and confirmed by Yad Vashem, the World
Holocaust Remembrance Center.
(New York; January 2023) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
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22
In focus: the wider United Nations family
The United Nations Secretariat is part of the wider United Nations family with over 100 bodies, including some 30
agencies, funds and programmes (see chart on page 206 for all entities in the United Nations system). Every year,
the United Nations family spends around $56 billion, including some $41 billion for humanitarian and


development
activities and $9 billion for peace operations.
22
HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE WORK OF THE UNITED NATIONS FAMILY IN 2022
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Sources: official publications from
United Nations entities, including agencies,
funds and programmes.
Food security
160M
people received food assistance to
improve food security
9.9M
people reached to ensure productive
and sustainable food systems,
with 232,600+ hectares of land
rehabilitated
1M+
small-scale food producers reached
with interventions to improve their
incomes
50
countries supported in promoting
the transition to healthy diets,
ensuring food safety and shifting to
more sustainable consumption and
production in agrifood systems
Human rights
21.2M
refugees, asylum seekers, internally
displaced persons and other
persons of concern in 154 countries
accessed protection services
46,000+
victims of torture in 92 countries
received rehabilitation support
13,000+
victims of contemporary forms
of slavery in 33 countries obtai


ned
assistance
Livelihoods
174M
workers and work-seekers protected
as 13 countries ratified ILO Violence
and Harassment Convention
18M
domestic workers
(72 per cent females) benefited
from policy reforms and protection
measures
11M
people (49 per cent females)
benefited from jobs and improved
livelihoods in crisis or post-crisis
settings in 40 countries
7.8M
people newly covered by social
protection services
7M
people used digital technologies and
services in ways that improved their
lives in 27 countries
30
countries supported in safeguarding
and strengthening rural fragile
livelihoods through social protection
systems and gender-sensitive
development strategies
Climate
action
135.2M
tons of CO2 emissions reduced
4.6M
people gained access to clean,
affordable and sustainable energy
22,800+
tons of pollutants reduced
or phased out
72
countries accessed environmentally
sound technologies for low carbon
and climate resilient development
through the Climate Technology
Centre and N


etwork
45
national disaster risk reduction
strategies adopted and implemented
by Governments, in line with
the Sendai Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction
Peace and
security
53
peacekeeping operations,
special political missions and
offices maintained, supporting
peacebuilding and prevention,
management and resolution of
conflicts
97.6M+
people in 90+ countries supported
via the Displacement Tracking
Matrix that enables humanitarian
and development actors to provide
context-specific assistance
80
countries supported in implementing
the first global framework on the
ethics of artificial intelligence
60
countries supported in countering
and preventing cybercrime;
six digital forensic laboratories
established
Children
356M+
children benefited from programmes
to prevent malnutrition in all its
forms
56.2M
children benefited from integrated
management of childhood illness
services
37.9M
children and adolescents gained
access to education and 28.3M
children provided with individua


l
learning materials
11M+
displaced persons reached through
school- and family-based prevention
programmes to prevent drug use
among children and young people
Safe water and
sanitation
30.6M
people gained access to water that
is safe and available when needed
68
cities supported in improving
municipal solid waste management
through the Waste Wise Cities
programme
21
additional water and sanitation
operators serving 61M+ users
through water operators
partnerships
9
countries supported in developing
inclusive national water, sanitation
and hygiene financing strategies
Health and
well-being
12M
refugees, asylum-seekers and others
of concern received essential health
services in 85 countries
2.4M
referrals of vulnerable individuals,
including migrants and forcibly
displaced persons, to access health
support services
143
countries supported to deliver
COVID-19 vaccination services,
including procurement, cold chain
and logistics management, demand
generation, and monitoring and


evaluation activities
91
countries jointly supported to
progress towards the global AIDS
targets by 2025
Women
118M
people reached through
campaigns to prevent violence
against women and girls
17.2M
adolescent girls received prevention
and care interventions to address
child marriage
111,400
girls saved from female genital
mutilation
180
laws and policies developed or
strengthened to end violence against
women and girls and advance
gender equality
64
countries supported in advancing
gender-responsive fiscal laws,
policies, budgets and systems
Digital
7M
people used digital
technologies and services in ways
that improved their lives
400,000
micro, small and medium
enterprises accessed financial and
digital services
5,500+
schools supported in connecting to
the Internet
56
micro, small and medium
enterprises (11 women-led) from
the sub-Saharan Africa digital sector
gained an additional $4M in export-
driven revenue
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RGANIZATION 2023 25
24 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
INTRODUCTION
In focus: Our Common Agenda
Our Common Agenda is the Secretary-General’s vision for the future of international cooperation,
providing practical recommendations to meet current and future challenges and turbocharge action on
the Sustainable Development Goals. The report highlights gaps and risks that have emerged since
2015 and outlines solutions to address them. Member States will come together in 2024 for a
Summit of the Future to take forward actions to deliver more effectively for people and planet, building
upon the Sustainable Development Goals Summit in 2023.
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INTRODUCTION
Learn more
Actions to date: United Nations system implementation
Extensive efforts have already been made across the United Nations system on proposals in Our Common Agenda that relate to existing
mandates. Progress has been made


 in many areas including:
The General Assembly invited the Secretary-General
to provide recommendations for the consideration of
Member States as inputs into intergovernmental
preparations. The policy briefs were published as an
11-part series in the first half of 2023.
February–March 2022
President of the General
Assembly holds thematic
consultations on Our
Common Agenda that result
in a road map of action
August 2022
Secretary-General updates
the General Assembly on
Our Common Agenda
developments
March 2023
Secretary-General launches
the first two Our Common
Agenda policy briefs to help
inform intergovernmental
negotiations
February 2023–ongoing
Co-facilitators of the
Summit of the Future hold a
series of informal
consultations with Member
States and stakeholders, in
addition to consultations on
related tracks of work
September 2022
• General Assembly
resolution to hold the
Summit of the Future on 22
and 23 September 2024,
preceded by a ministerial
meeting in September 2023
• Tra


nsforming Education
Summit
• General Assembly
resolution establishing the
United Nations Youth Office
February 2023
Secretary-General updates
the General Assembly on
Our Common Agenda
developments
Towards the Summit of the Future
Policy briefs
2030
AGENDA
2030 AGENDA
UN75
DECLARATION
OUR COMMON
AGENDA
SUMMIT
PREPARATIONS
SUMMIT OF AND PACT
FOR THE FUTURE
SDG SUMMIT
2015
2020
2021
2022–2024
2024
2023
Future
generations
Outlines steps to take account of the long-
term impact of our decisions, fulfilling
long-standing commitments to future
generations.
Emergency
platform
Proposes the adoption of protocols to
enable a stronger international response
to complex global shocks.
Youth
engagement
Proposes measures to systematically
engage young people in global decision-
making.
Beyond
gross
domestic
product
Calls for measurements beyond gross
domestic product to more effectively
account for indicators of human progress.
Global
digital
compact
Sets out principles and actions to advance
a


n open, free, secure, and human-centred
digital future.
Information
integrity
Outlines the foundation for an accessible,
inclusive, and safe digital space that
defends the right to freedom of opinion
and expression.
Outer space Assesses the impacts of changes in outer
space, with governance recommendations
for minimizing risks.
International
financial
architecture
Sets out recommendations for the reform
of the international financial architecture
to make it more inclusive, representative,
fair and effective.
New Agenda
for Peace
Updates our understanding of all forms of
threats to adapt our toolbox to prevent and
manage hostilities.
Transforming
Education
In follow-up to the Transforming Education
Summit, proposes a fundamental shift
in how education is treated, including
harnessing digital transformation.
United
Nations
2.0
Advances action to bolster United Nations
capacities to face the challenges of
tomorrow.
24
Global Accelerator
on Jobs and Social
Protection for Just
Trans


itions
Conclusion of the
independent review
of United Nations
capacities on gender
equality
Establishment of the
United Nations Futures
Lab Network
Endorsement by the
United Nations System
Chief Executives Board
for Coordination of the
Common Principles on
Future Generations
United Nations system-
wide senior-level civil
society focal point
network
Development of a new
vision for the rule of law
United Nations Gender
Quota Portal
Establishment of the
Scientific Advisory
Board and Network
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
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26 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
In focus: Global Crisis Response Group on
Food, Energy and Finance
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26
INTRODUCTION
In March 2022, the United Nations established the Global Crisis Response Group to respond to the war in Ukraine
and its global impacts on food, e


nergy, and finance.
Learn more
8 June
Second Global
Crisis
Response
Group brief
published
12 March
UNCTAD
rapid
assessment
published
12 March
The genesis:
United Nations
senior women
leaders retreat
24 February
Full-scale invasion
of Ukraine by the
Russian Federation
22 July
Black Sea
Initiative and
Memorandum of
Understanding
signed
June
Joint
Sustainable
Development
Goals Fund
activates its
development
emergency
modality,
based on the
Global Crisis
Response
Group briefs
23 August
Third Global
Crisis
Response
Group brief
published
30 March
Global
Crisis
Response
Group
established
13 April
First Global
Crisis
Response
Group brief
and
vulnerability
assessment
published
2022
EMBARGOED UNTIL 13 APRIL 12PM EDT
BRIEF NO.1
Global Impact of war
in Ukraine on food,
energy and finance
systems
13 APRIL 2022
BRIEF NO.2
Global impact of
the war in Ukraine:
Billions of people
face the greatest
cost-of-living crisis
in a generation
UN GLOBAL CRISIS


RESPONSE GROUP
ON FOOD, ENERGY
 AND FINANCE
8 JUNE 2022
BRIEF NO.3
Global impact
of war in Ukraine:
Energy crisis
UN GLOBAL CRISIS
RESPONSE GROUP
ON FOOD, ENERGY
AND FINANCE
AUGUST 2022
KEY MESSAGES
on the global impacts
on food, energy
and finance
Multilateral forums offer a
space where countries
can continue to engage.
The nature of increasingly
common global shocks
means that countries are not
individually responsible.
Countries should make use
of all existing mechanisms to
address the consequences of
war and its global impacts.
All stakeholders from all
sectors should align to
help the most vulnerable
populations.
KEY MESSAGES
on the cost-of-living
crisis
A preventative approach
is needed to avoid a larger
and more general crisis.
Policymakers must target
vulnerable groups around the
poverty line, and support not
only lives but livelihoods.
Two broad approaches are
required: mitigating shock
impacts and increasing
the capacity of people and
countries to cope.
In deve


loping countries, there
is no answer to the cost-of-
living crisis without an answer
to the finance crisis.
The global debt architecture is
not ready to face the current
crisis.
KEY MESSAGES
on the energy crisis
Undertaking the right energy
policies should not be a luxury
available only to those that can
afford them.
Global solidarity is needed to
avoid a scramble for fuel.
The most vulnerable need
targeted support.
An integrated, people-centred
policy approach, which
includes food-related policies,
is necessary.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
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In focus: Black Sea Initiative and
Memorandum of Understanding
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28
INTRODUCTION
The Initiative on the Safe Transportation of Grain and Foodstuffs from Ukrainian Ports (Black Sea Initiative) was
signed by Türki


ye, the Russian Federation and Ukraine and witnessed by the United Nations on 22 July 2022. The
Memorandum of Understanding between the Russian Federation and the Secretariat of the United Nations on
promoting Russian food products and fertilizers to the world markets was also signed on 22 July 2022.
Memorandum of Understanding
The Memorandum of Understanding with the Russian Federation
has contributed to:
OVER
32 MILLION
tons of foodstuffs
have been exported under the Initiative*
*as at June 2023
The Initiative has helped to reverse rising food prices, but affordability remains
a challenge
FAO Food Price Index (100=January 2020)
Developing countries are the main
importers under the Initiative
The Initiative has enabled exports to 45 countries across
three continents, with more than half to Africa and Asia
Share of foodstuff exports to country groups by
development status
Exports under the Initiative have
fluctuated but been sustained
Monthly exports under the Black Sea Initiative
in m


etric tons
Jan
2020
Apr
Jul
Oct
Jan
2021
Apr
Jul
Oct
Jan
2022
Apr
Jul
Oct
Jan
Apr
2023
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Average 2000–2020
Average 2020
Average 2021
Average 2022
Developed 43%
Other
developing
51%
Least  developed 6%
1M
2M
3M
4M
Aug
2022
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
(until 15 June)
Jan
2023
Feb
1.6M
3.9M
4.2M
2.6M
3.7M
3M
3.4M
3.9M
2.8M
1.3M
1.4M
Source: UNCTAD secretariat based on data from the Joint Coordination Centre as at 15 June 2023.
Source: Data from the Joint Coordination Centre and the Black Sea Initiative
website as at 15 June 2023.
Note: Cargo may be processed and re-exported from the primary destination.
Source: Data from the Joint Coordination Centre and the Black Sea Initiative
website as at 15 June 2023.
The United Nations remains resolute in its efforts to
ensure global food security by making food and
fertilizers available worldwide at reasonable prices.
The reduction of global food prices since their
heights in March 2022
Increased export volumes of Russian f


ood and
fertilizers to global markets
A steady number of ships calling at Russian ports
Lower freight and insurance rates
32,000,000
tons
The
Initiative restored
a vital supply
of wheat for the
World Food Programme’s
humanitarian operations
As of mid-June, WFP had shipped 655,000
metrics tons of wheat under the Initiative in
support of its humanitarian operations in
Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan
and Yemen. In 2022, Ukraine supplied
more than half of the global wheat
grain procurement of WFP, as
was the case in 2021.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
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30 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
SELECT TRANSFORMATIVE AGENDAS*
The long-term objectives of the United Nations revolve around transformative agendas endorsed
or welcomed by the Member States.
BEIJING DECLARATION
Platform for Action of the Fourth World
Conference on Women
WOMEN AND
PEACE AND SECURITY
Se


curity Council resolution 1325 (2000)
MILLENNIUM DECLARATION
 Summit and Millenium Development
Goals
 DURBAN DECLARATION ON
 RACISM

 Durban Declaration and
 Programme of Action, Outcome
 Document of the Durban Review
Conference 2009
 MONTERREY
CONSENSUS
 International
 Conference on
 Financing for
Development
 SAMOA
PATHWAY
 SIDS
 Accelerated
 Modalities
 of Action,
 Conference on
 Small Island
 Developing
States
MAURITIUS DECLARATION AND STRATEGY
 Further Implementation of the Programme of Action
 for the Sustainable Development of Small Island
Developing States
WORLD SUMMIT OUTCOME
Development, peace and collective security, human rights,
and the rule of law, and strengthening the United Nations
ISTANBUL DECLARATION
 and Programme of Action for the
 Least Developed Countries for the
Decade 2011–2020
RIO+20 OUTCOME
THE FUTURE WE WANT
 United Nations Conference
on Sustainable Development
DOHA DECLARATION
Follow-up International Conference on
 Financing for Development
VIENNA DECLARATION
 Programm


e of Action for Landlocked Developing
Countries for the Decade 2014–2024
SENDAI FRAMEWORK
 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015–2030
PARIS AGREEMENT
 Paris Agreement
 on climate change,
 adopted by the Parties
 to the United Nations
Framework Convention
on Climate Change
ADDIS ABABA ACTION AGENDA
 Third International Conference on Financing
for Development
DOHA DECLARATION
 Thirteenth United Nations Congress on Crime
Prevention and Criminal Justice
2030 AGENDA
Transforming our world: the
2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, which provides
a shared blueprint for peace
and prosperity for people and
the planet, now and into the
future. At its heart are the 17
Sustainable Development
Goals
 COUNTERING
DRUGS
 Joint commitment
 to effectively
 address and
 counter the world
 drug problem,
 General Assembly
resolution S-30/1
 NEW URBAN
 AGENDA
 United Nations
 Conference on
 Housing and
 Sustainable Urban
 Development
 (Habitat III)
OCEAN
RESOLUTION
Our ocean, our future:
call for ac


tion
 UNITED TO
REFORM
 Implementation
of the Secretary-
 General’s
 development,
 management and
 peace and security
 reform agenda
DECADE
OF ACTION
Secretary-
General’s call
for a decade of
action to deliver
the Sustainable
Development
Goals
COVID-19
GLOBAL
SOLIDARITY
AND
CEASEFIRE
General Assembly
resolution 74/270
and Security
Council resolution
2532 (2020)
 DOHA
 PROGRAMME
 OF ACTION
General Assembly
resolution 76/258
on the Doha
Programme of
Action for the
Least Developed
Countries
KUNMING-
MONTREAL
GLOBAL
BIODIVERSITY
FRAMEWORK
Outcome of the
United Nations
Biodiversity
Conference
HIGH SEAS
TREATY
Agreement under
the United Nations
Convention on the
Law of the Sea on
the Conservation
and Sustainable Use
of Marine Biological
Diversity of Areas
beyond National
Jurisdiction
 HUMAN
RIGHTS
Secretary-
 General’s call
 to action for
human rights
 TREATY
 ON THE
 PROHIBITION
 OF NUCLEAR
 WEAPONS
Entry into force
of the Treaty on
the Prohibition
of Nuclear
Weapons


OUR COMMON
AGENDA
Report of the
Secretary-General
containing his vision
for reinvigorated
global cooperation
for a safer, greener,
and better future
(A/75/982)
 YOUTH AND
 PEACE AND
SECURITY
Security Council
resolution 2419
(2018), building on
Council resolution
2250 (2015)
MIGRATION
 Global Compact for
 Safe, Orderly and
Regular Migration
1995
2000
2002
2001
2005
2008
2011
2012
2014
2015
2016
2017
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2018
SUSTAINING PEACE
New framework for sustaining
peace, General Assembly
resolution 70/262 and identical
Security Council resolution 2282
(2016)
2030 AGENDA AND
AGENDA 2063
OF THE AFRICAN UNION
 Framework for a Renewed United
 Nations-African Union Partnership
 on Africa's Integration and
 Development Agenda 2017–2027,
 in support of Agenda 2063: The
Africa We Want
 ACTION FOR
PEACEKEEPING
 Declaration
 of Shared
 Commitments on
 United Nations
 Peacekeeping
Operations
REFUGEES
 Global
 Compact on
Refugees
* The diagram shows select transformative agendas since 1995. T


he list is not exhaustive.
The United Nations programme of work is also guided by several other legislative mandates.
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Support to global policymaking organs
 International cooperation for development
 Regional cooperation for development
 Gender equality and the empowerment of women
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$1.9B
 $526M regular assessed and $1.4B voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
 Development, General Assembly resolution 70/1
 Addis Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International
 Conference on Financing for Development,
 General Assembly resolution 69/313
 Political Declaration of the High-level Midterm Review
 on the Implementation of the Vienna Programme of
 Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the
 Decade 2014–2024, General Assembly resolution 74/15
 Addressing the priorities of small island developing
 States through the implementation of the SIDS
 Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway and
 the Mauritius Strat


egy for the Further Implementation
 of the Programme of Action for the Sustainable
 Development of Small Island Developing States,
 General Assembly resolutions 74/3 and 76/203
 Quadrennial comprehensive policy review of operational
 activities for development of the United Nations
 system, General Assembly resolution 75/233
 Review of the functioning of the reinvigorated
 resident coordinator system, including its funding
 arrangement, General Assembly resolution 76/4
 New Urban Agenda, General Assembly resolution 71/256
 Doha Programme of Action for the Least Developed
Countries, General Assembly resolution 76/258
SELECT ENTITIES
 Department of Economic and Social Affairs
 Development Coordination Office
 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
 Office of the High Representative for the Least

 Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing
 Countries and Small Island Developing States
 Regional commissions
 UN-Women
 UN-Habitat
 United Nations Environment Programme
The SDG Moment during the high-le


vel week of the
General Assembly shines a spotlight on the
promise of inclusion, resilience and sustainability
embedded in the Goals and offers solutions for
inequalities and climate and environmental
challenges.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
Promotion
of Sustained
Economic
Growth
and
Sustainable
Development
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35
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GOALS STOCKTAKING
140+
senior government officials
convened in 2022
44
countries reported on
their progress
273
side events on the Goals
5,200+
media articles published
as a result
CONTEXT
As the world’s population reached 8 billion in
2022, progress towards achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals has not only stalled but reversed
in terms of poverty, employment, health, education
and other areas. The triple planetary crisis – climate
change, nature and biodiversity loss


and pollution and
waste – threatens all life forms, disproportionately
affecting the poor. The COVID-19 pandemic and the
global food and energy crises, exacerbated by the
war in Ukraine, have further impeded progress in
achieving the Goals. Women and other vulnerable
groups bear the brunt, with a staggering 15 million
more women now living in extreme poverty. The
complex links between population growth, urban and
rural divides, poverty and climate change underscore
the urgency of recommitting to a global vision of
sustainable development.
The 2022 United Nations Ocean Conference, held
in Portugal, focused on mobilizing action and
propelling innovative, science-based solutions
towards a new chapter of global ocean action.
(Lisbon; June 2022) © UN Photo/Vasco Neves
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PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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KEY OBJECTIVES
The United Nations helps Governments to advance
the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and
other transformative strategies. Across the globe,
our resident coordinators lead joined-up efforts
by the United Nations family to provide support to
Governments aimed at achieving global goals. Our
guiding agendas include the Paris Agreement, the
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework,
the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015–2030, the Beijing Declaration and Platform
for Action, the Copenhagen Declaration on Social
Development and the Programme of Action of the
World Summit for Social Development, the Addis
Ababa Action Agenda of the Third International
Conference on Financing for Development, the New
Urban Agenda, the Doha Programme of Action for the
Least Developed Countries, the Vienna Programme
of Actio


n for Landlocked Developing Countries for
the Decade 2014–2024 and the SIDS Accelerated
Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway.
KEY OUTCOMES
IMPLEMENTING THE 2030 AGENDA
Despite global setbacks, we persevered and supported
Member States in advancing the 2030 Agenda.
In March 2022, we established the Global Crisis
Response Group on Food, Energy and Finance to
coordinate the world’s response to rising food and
energy prices, shrinking budgets, surging food
insecurity and growing unrest. Between April and
August 2022, the Group shared policy briefs with
decision makers across the globe on how to safeguard
lives and livelihoods.
At the high-level political forum on sustainable
development held in July 2022, Member States
reaffirmed their commitment to the 2030 Agenda and
the Sustainable Development Goals. Drawing from five
regional forums and 44 voluntary national reviews, the
high-level political forum served to establish common
road maps to get implementation of the 2030 Agenda
back on track.


The Transforming Education Summit, held in September
2022, placed education back on the global agenda.
As a result, commitments were secured from 133
countries to revamp education systems for the modern
world, recover ground lost in education during the
pandemic and unlock the potential of technology for
girls’ education.
Building on the United Nations Food Systems Summit
held in 2021, we also created the new United Nations
Food Systems Coordination Hub. The Hub brings
together knowledge and expertise from across
the United Nations family to support countries in
transforming agriculture for the twenty-first century.
36
“Resident coordinators help
countries to accelerate
the implementation of the
SDGs, enabling United
Nations teams to work
together better, with
Governments and partners,
for transformative policy
shifts and financing for
development.”
Oscar Fernandez-Taranco, Assistant-Secretary-
General for Development Coordination
“We need to remain
steadfast in championing
the 2030 Ag


enda as the
blueprint for current crisis
response and recovery
and ensure sustainable
development for all.”
Li Junhua, Under-Secretary-General for Economic
and Social Affairs
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PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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A “Sing For Hope” SDG piano is part of an
exhibition at United Nations Headquarters. Sing for
Hope produces artist-designed pianos that are
then shared with schools, hospitals, transit hubs,
refugee camps and community-based
organizations.
(New York; July 2022) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
38
“Current cascading crises
require stronger efforts
to tackle debt burdens,
restore trade and
investment flows, finance
climate action and reduce
inequalities, especially in
developing countries.”
Rebeca Grynspan, Secretar


y-General,
United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development
António Guterres, Secretary-General, addresses
the 2022 Transforming Education Summit. The
Summit was dedicated to ensuring that no person
– girl, boy, young or not so young – is deprived of
the right to a quality education.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Cia Pak
In a groundbreaking effort to empower young people,
the General Assembly established the first United
Nations Youth Office. At the Economic and Social
Council youth forum, more than 22,000 participants
debated with global policymakers on how innovative
ideas can advance youth priorities.
In a historic achievement for global ecosystems, in
2022, the Conference of the Parties to the Convention
on Biological Diversity agreed on the Kunming-
Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Through that
Framework, the parties set ambitious new targets and
actions to reverse biodiversity loss, restore ecosystems
and mobilize new funding for conservation to help to
close a $700 bi


llion financing gap.
To better protect the world’s oceans and life below water,
participants at the 2022 United Nations Conference
to Support the Implementation of Sustainable
Development Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use
the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable
development agreed to scale up innovation, science,
partnerships and action to achieve that Goal. Countries
registered over 700 pledges, including billions of dollars
to halt and reverse damage to the oceans.
In another milestone, in June  2023, Member States
adopted by consensus an agreement under the United
Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the
conservation and sustainable use of marine biological
diversity of areas beyond national jurisdictions.
To unlock the power of local networks for sustainable
development, we established a secretariat for the
Local2030 coalition. The new office will leverage
resources from the entire United Nations family to
support local actors in driving transitions in the energy,


digital, green, blue and care economies.
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PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Moving towards the end of
plastic pollution
Sending a hopeful sign for the future of our planet,
Member States agreed, at the fifth session of the
United Nations Environment Assembly of the United
Nations Environment Programme, held in 2022, to
negotiate, by 2024, a new international legally binding
agreement to end plastic pollution, including in
marine environments.
The Youth and Innovation Forum at the 2022 United Nations Ocean
Conference in Portugal seeks to help young entrepreneurs and innovators
to advance youth-led solutions for ocean action.
(Lisbon; June 2022) © UN Photo/Eskinder Debebe
42
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABL


E DEVELOPMENT
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Outer space
for sustainable
development
In 2022, the United Nations celebrated
the sixtieth anniversary of the
Register of Objects Launched into
Outer Space. Over the course of that
year, more than 2,000 satellites were
registered, breaking the annual record
for the third time in a row. Overall, 88
per cent of satellites launched into
space are registered with the United
Nations. These satellites provide
services and data that can drive
sustainable development. The Register
is an invaluable tool for transparency,
maintained by the Secretariat since
1962 and formally established
following the 1976 entry into force
of the Convention on Registration of
Objects Launched into Outer Space.
SCALING UP FINANCING FOR
DEVELOPMENT
In 2022, the United Nations family put a spotlight on
the global finance divide. The Fina


ncing for Sustainable
Development Report 2022 highlighted critical barriers
that limit the ability of developing countries to manage
the fallout from the war in Ukraine and to invest in
pandemic recovery, climate action and the Sustainable
Development Goals. In following the recommendations
set out in the report, we supported a high-level retreat
on the global financial architecture. In July 2022, that
retreat helped to launch the Bridgetown Initiative, paved
the way for the Sustainable Development Goal stimulus
proposal and led to recommendations for reform.
During the 2023 session of the Economic and Social
Council forum on financing for development follow-up,
countries also committed themselves to expanding
social protection and improving access to concessional
financing and debt relief for vulnerable countries. At
the same time, the Organization launched a financing
facility to support countries in formulating new national
financing strategies for achieving the Sustainable
Development G


oals. With our capacity development
initiative for infrastructure management, for example,
the United Nations helped more than 3,500 government
officials maximize the value of such investments.
We also took action to boost private investment in
sustainable development. The Global Investors for
Sustainable Development Alliance helped to scale
up long-term private financing for sustainable
infrastructure and offered policy recommendations
for mobilizing more funds. In addition, the Sustainable
Development Goals Investment Fair connected
private financiers with investment-ready projects in
emerging markets. Since 2018, the Investment Fair
has showcased over $11 billion worth of projects from
22 countries.
“Modernizing space object
registration advances
transparency, safety, and
sustainability in outer
space. Working with the
space community, we
deliver our mandates
better for everyone’s
benefit.”
Niklas Hedman, Acting Director, Office for Outer
Space Affairs
45
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECON


OMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Registering satellites launched
into Earth’s orbit or beyond
1957
1967
1977
1987
1997
2007
2017 2022
2007
6,028 satellites
launched
1987
3,694 satellites
launched
2017
7,995 satellites
launched
2021
12,117 satellites
launched
2022
14,587 satellites
launched
0
3,000
6,000
9,000
12,000
15,000
2
805
2,221
Satellites launched
Received registrations
*Figures are cumulative
47
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Sustainable Development Goal stimulus
To address the global financing crisis, the Secretary-General
launched a Sustainable Development Goal stimulus proposal
to accelerate achievement of the Goals, with the aim of
mobilizing $500 billion in new investments. Through the stimulus
proposal, the Secretary-General targets three actions on whi


ch
the current international financial architecture can deliver
results: (a) addressing costly debt and growing debt distress;
(b) massively boosting affordable long-term financing; and (c)
expanding contingency funds for countries in need.
The Organization helped Member States to pool their
development assistance for greater impact on the
Sustainable Development Goals. In 2022, the Joint
Sustainable Development Goals Fund channelled over
$260 million to 31 United Nations organizations to
help 119 Member States to respond to the cost-of-
living crisis, extend social benefits for over 175 million
people and leverage over $2.3 billion in additional
financing. The Fund also opened a new “development
emergency” window to help to address the food, energy
and finance crises.
We kept up our commitment to support development
even in the most complex and fragile settings. One
quarter of the world’s population lives in conflict-
affected countries. The Sustainable Development
Goals cannot be achieved wi


thout a focus on these
settings. The United Nations integrated strategy for
the Sahel, for example, not only addresses immediate
needs but also facilitates investments in development
opportunities to help to stabilize the region.
Amina Mohammed, Deputy Secretary-General,
addresses the Effective Development Cooperation
Summit in Geneva, emphasizing the need for
effective development cooperation that is country-
led, results-oriented, transparent and accountable.
(Geneva; December 2022) © UN Photo/Violaine Martin
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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48 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
ACCELERATING PROGRESS
The Goals are not on track to be
achieved by 2030, despite
progress in some areas. Further,
because of


 the COVID-19
pandemic, progress has slowed
and in some cases been reversed
across the 17 Goals. This makes
the decade of action even more
urgent, requiring the support of
Member States and other
partners.
2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:
AN OVERVIEW OF PROGRESS
Variations in the frequency of data collection across the Goals contribute to variations in cut-off dates in the
charts below.
2000
2000
2000
2019
2021
2021
29.3%
13%
30.7
8.5%
9.8%
17.6
2000
2000
2022
2020
6%
5.8%
1.5%
1.9%
2004
2000
2020
2019
54%
9.3
12.4
2000
2022
26.3%
45.6%
2000
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2021
16.2%
42.6%
53.8%

2000
2020
29%
54%
2015
2000
2023
13.3%
26.5%
2015
2015
2015
2022
0
193
2000
2021
78%
87%
2018
2021
0.3%
0.3%
2000
2020
41,582
40,589
2015
2000
2021
78.4%
91.4%
2015
2000
2020
31.2%
2015
24.2%
2000
2000
2000
2019
2021
2021
29.3%
13%
30.7
8.5%
9.8%
17.6
2000
2000
2022
2020
6%
5.8%
1.5%
1.9%
2004
2000
2020
2019
54%
9.3
12.4
2000
2022
26.3%
45.6%
2000
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015


2015
2015
2021
16.2%
42.6%
53.8%

2000
2020
29%
54%
2015
2000
2023
13.3%
26.5%
2015
2015
2015
2022
0
193
2000
2021
78%
87%
2018
2021
0.3%
0.3%
2000
2020
41,582
40,589
2015
2000
2021
78.4%
91.4%
2015
2000
2020
31.2%
2015
24.2%
2000
2000
2000
2019
2021
2021
29.3%
13%
30.7
8.5%
9.8%
17.6
2000
2000
2022
2020
6%
5.8%
1.5%
1.9%
2004
2000
2020
2019
54%
9.3
12.4
2000
2022
26.3%
45.6%
2000
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2015
2021
16.2%
42.6%
53.8%

2000
2020
29%
54%
2015
2000
2023
13.3%
26.5%
2015
2015
2015
2022
0
193
2000
2021
78%
87%
2018
2021
0.3%
0.3%
2000
2020
41,582
40,589
2015
2000
2021
78.4%
91.4%
2015
2000
2020
31.2%
2015
24.2%
AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN
ENERGY
Proportion of population with
access to electricity,
by urban/rural (%)
PEACE, JUSTICE AND
STRONG INSTITUTIONS
Proportion of countries with
independent national human
rights institutions in
compliance with the Paris
Principles (%)
DECENT WORK AND
ECONOMIC GROWTH
Unemployment rate,
by sex and age (%)
PARTNERSHIP FOR
THE GOALS
Net


official development
assistance (% of GNI committed
as development assistance)
INDUSTRY, INNOVATION
AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Research and development
expenditure as a proportion
of GDP (%)
GENDER EQUALITY
Proportion of seats held by
women in national parliaments
(% of total number of seats)
LIFE BELOW WATER
Mean proportion of marine key
biodiversity areas covered by
protected areas and, where
available, other effective
area-based conservation
measures (%)
QUALITY EDUCATION
Primary school completion rate
CLIMATE ACTION
Number of countries with first
national communication of
nationally determined
contributions (NDCs),
non-Annex I parties
CLEAN WATER AND
SANITATION
Proportion of population using
safely managed sanitation
services, by urban/rural (%)
LIFE ON LAND
Forest area (square kilometres)
GOOD HEALTH AND
WELL-BEING
 Neonatal mortality rate
(deaths per 1,000 live births)
RESPONSIBLE
CONSUMPTION AND
PRODUCTION
Material footprint per capita, by
type of raw material (tons)
NO POVERTY
 Pr


oportion of population below
international poverty line, total (%)
REDUCED INEQUALITIES
Labour share of GDP (%)
COVID-19 has created major setbacks in the
reduction of poverty.
The share of national income going to labour
has shown a downward trend.
Universal and equitable access to primary
education is yet to be achieved.
All 191 Parties to the Paris Agreement, and
Eritrea, have communicated their first NDCs.
The vast majority of the world's population
now has access to electricity.
Less than 50% of countries have human rights
institutions in compliance with the Paris Principles.
Global undernourishment has decreased
since 2000. Estimates are based on projected
values.
The number of people living in informal urban
settlements has declined since 2000.
Major progress has been made towards
addressing female underrepresentation in
national parliaments.
The proportion of key areas placed under
conservation designation has increased since
2000.
Global unemployment has increased due to
the COVID


-19 pandemic, erasing progress
made over the past two decades.
The 0.7% aid/GNI target for international aid has yet
to be collectively achieved.
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development.
The neonatal mortality rate has consistently
declined.
The global material footprint per capita has
increased.
More people have access to safely managed
sanitation services today than in 2000.
More efforts are needed to conserve and
restore forests around the world.
Research and development is increasingly
prioritized across the globe.
ZERO HUNGER
 Prevalence of
undernourishment (%)
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND
COMMUNITIES
Proportion of urban population
living in slums (%)
Learn more
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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50 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
LEAVING NO O


NE BEHIND
We worked to uphold the Organization’s commitment
that everyone should have an equal chance for
sustainable development, focusing especially on
marginalized and vulnerable groups.
In 2022, we helped to launch more than 100
development initiatives in the context of the road
map for the accelerated implementation of the Vienna
Programme of Action in the remaining five years.
This international agreement supports landlocked
developing countries in addressing climate change,
disaster risks and gender inequality. At the Fifth United
Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries,
held in March 2023, global stakeholders also made new
announcements in support of the Doha Programme
of Action for the Least Developed Countries. At the
same time, we assisted small island developing States
in advocating in favour of a new global agreement to
strengthen their resilience.
In support of ageing populations, in the World Social
Report 2023, we explored how policies on demographic
change can he


lp to leave no one behind. Our review
of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing
included 109 countries, representing 84 per cent of
older persons worldwide. Through the platform, we
called for building ageing considerations into national
policies and legislation.
Our proposal for the Global Accelerator on Jobs and
Social Protection for Just Transitions continued to gain
traction. The initiative contributed to the creation of
a new window on social protection and job creation
in the Joint Sustainable Development Goals Fund. An
inter-agency coordination team is driving a coherent
United Nations approach in pathfinder countries.
We also continued to advance disability inclusion
through joint initiatives and its integration into strategic
plans, as well as through existing programming across
the United Nations system.
A stronger focus on vulnerable groups was also part
of our United Nations EGovernment Survey on the
future of digital government. As part of a push for
greater accessibi


lity of online services, we highlighted
significant digital divides, including the gender digital
divide, as many countries remain unable to provide
basic digital government services.
“We need to work together
across borders and
strengthen multilateral
action to achieve SDG 11 in
times of crisis. More than
ever, resilient cities and
communities are needed in
this age of urban crisis.”
Maimunah Mohd Sharif, Executive Director,
UN-Habitat
“Addressing the challenges
of the most vulnerable
States is not only a moral
imperative, but also an
economic and political one.
And let’s be clear, we have
the means and tools to
do it.”
Rabab Fatima, High Representative for the Least
Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing
Countries and Small Island Developing States
50
CLIMATE ACTION
In a challenging context, we helped countries to achieve
breakthroughs on global climate action. During the
twenty-seventh session of the Conference of the
Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention
on Clim


ate Change, Governments struck a historic
agreement to set up a new loss and damage fund to
help vulnerable countries to deal with the impacts
of climate change. The Conference also launched
an unprecedented call to accelerate clean and
just transitions to renewable energy and to reform
multilateral banks to better support these transitions.
For the first time, the outcome statement also contained
a reference to the right to a healthy environment, which
the General Assembly had  recognized as a human
right in 2022.
Our work with Member States unlocked a series of
positive changes for the twenty-seventh session
of the Conference and beyond. Championed by the
Secretary-General, the Early Warnings for All initiative
was launched by the United Nations to better protect
vulnerable populations from disasters with timely
hazard warnings and risk information.
We also convened Members States to the seventh
session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk
Reduction to better coordinate risk managemen


t
and enhance resilience. The session resulted in new
recommendations on how to enhance implementation
of the Sendai Framework through its midterm review.
In response to escalating climate emergencies,
we brought countries together to pledge hands-on
support. The United Nations response to the floods of
2022 in Pakistan helped to lay the groundwork for the
International Conference on Climate Resilient Pakistan,
which resulted in nearly $10 billion in pledges.
“Much work lies ahead to
slow the triple planetary
crisis. We must cooperate
to deliver solutions that
ensure all people enjoy
the right to a healthy
environment”.
Inger Andersen, Executive Director, United Nations
Environment Programme
The SDGs projected onto the sides of the General Assembly and
Secretariat buildings at United Nations Headquarters to promote
sustainable development, peace, tolerance, inclusion, and climate action.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
52 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE


 WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
53
“We are at a critical
moment in the fight
against the climate
crisis. The Secretary-
General’s Acceleration
Agenda provides a clear
road map for narrowing
the emissions gap
and delivering climate
justice.”
Selwin Hart, Assistant Secretary-General
and Special Adviser to the Secretary-General
on Climate Action
Participants attend the Fifth United Nations Conference on the Least
Developed Countries, held in Qatar, which addressed climate change,
disaster risks and gender inequality.
(Doha, Qatar; March 2023) © UN Photo/Sajeesh Babu
In support of the transition towards a “net zero” world,
we helped to forge new partnerships. At the twenty-
seventh session of the Conference, the Secretary-
General’s High-Level Expert Group on the Net-Zero
Emissions Commitments of Non-State Entities
provided businesses, investors, cities and regions
with a new “how-to” guide for developing stronger
and clearer


 standards for net-zero climate plans.
We also helped to coordinate regional round tables to
identify climate financing opportunities for investors.
In this context, we launched the Just Energy Transition
Partnership for Indonesia and Viet Nam and finalized
an investment plan for the Partnership for South Africa.
Building on the high-level dialogue on energy, new
energy compacts generated  a total of $600 billion
in voluntary commitments. A new Energy Compact
Action Network will support their implementation.
The Global Conference on Strengthening Synergies
between the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda led
to new proposals for transformative climate solutions.
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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55
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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GENDER EQUALITY
Gender equality li


es at the heart of United Nations
values. For the first time, the Commission on the Status
of Women acknowledged the links between climate
change and gender equality. The Commission called on
Governments, the United Nations, financial institutions
and multi-stakeholder platforms to step up action by
building resilience, mitigating risks and promoting
sustainable recovery.
The 2022 annual gender snapshot report revealed
the reality of global gender inequality: more than a
quarter of countries are “far or very far” off track for
achieving their 2030 gender targets. Less than 50 per
cent of the data needed to monitor gender equality
(Sustainable Development Goal 5) is available. At
the current pace, it would take 286 years to remove
discriminatory laws and close prevailing gaps in legal
protections for women and girls. Equal representation
in workplace leadership will take 140 years. National
parliaments will not see gender parity for 40 years.
Through our partnership with the European Union,


the Spotlight Initiative allocated nearly $100 million
in 2022 to action against gender-based violence. We
strengthened protection systems, invested in social
services and delivered programming in more than 30
countries. Working with the United Nations trust fund
in support of actions to eliminate violence against
women, we also supported projects in 15 sub-Saharan
Africa and Latin American countries. This helped
more than 446,000 women and girls to participate
meaningfully in public life and 1.2 million women and
girls to gain access to better services. Since 2019, the
trust fund has awarded $87 million in grants to 186
projects in 70 countries and territories.
Learn more
118M+
people reached through
campaigns in 30+
languages
174
laws and policies on
violence against women
signed or strengthened in
21 programmes
2.5M
women and girls
accessed services to address
gender-based violence
Annual convictions of
perpetrators of gender-based
violence doubled in Spotlight
countries
2M
m


en and boys educated
on positive masculinity,
respectful family relationships
and non-violent conflict
resolution
3.5M
young people
participated in in-school and
out-of-school programmes
that promote gender-equitable
norms, attitudes, and
behaviours
$190M
allocated to civil society
organizations
(48% of activity funds)
Results
in 2022
Results since the Spotlight Initiative was launched
in 2019
“Women’s full and
meaningful inclusion
as decision makers,
innovators and
peacebuilders is critical
to bring our world back on
track for peace, stability,
health and prosperity.”
Sima Bahous, Executive Director, UN-Women
In focus: Spotlight Initiative
To eliminate violence against women and girls
56
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
58 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENER AL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
Parliamentarians from 19 countries and regional
parliaments gather during the Parliamentary
Forum of the fifteenth session of the Regional
Confe


rence on Women in Latin America and the
Caribbean.
(Buenos Aires; November 2022) © UN-Women/Demian Marchi
To fast-track progress on gender equality, we stepped
up our efforts under the Secretary-General’s call to
action for human rights. We continued to implement
a dashboard and checklist to coordinate advocacy on
laws that discriminate against women and girls. We
launched a new portal on quotas to advance the equal
participation of women in all areas. We also promoted
their equal participation in electoral processes, as well
as the use of special temporary measures.
We helped to develop 30 national and local laws in
countries across six regions. Those laws are aimed at
tackling violence against women, boosting economic
empowerment and mobilizing political participation.
Our support also extended to 12 countries currently
undergoing constitutional reviews or amendments.
We made strides in defining a common approach
to new care economies, including how to finance
care infrastructure and servi


ces. Our efforts have
contributed to more effective investments across 26
countries. Investing in care policy packages could
generate 280 million jobs by 2030, with a further 19
million by 2035. We supported countries with capacity
and policy development and helped to build 15 gender-
responsive national social protection systems.
As part of our approach to empowering young people,
we engaged with more than 200 youth organizations.
Our work sparked community-based discussions on
local gender equality priorities and prioritized inclusivity,
intersectionality and safe engagement practices.
59
61
60 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
Youth groups in the village of Candirenggo in
Indonesia plan social media content to promote
values on diversity and gender equality under the
Peace Village initiative.
(Candirenggo, Indonesia; August 2022) © UN-Women/Satu Bumi Jaya
REGIONAL SUPPORT
As a result of our reform of the United Nations
development system, we de


livered more coherent
policy support to Member States at the country level.
With regional collaborative platforms and their issue-
based coalitions, our resident coordinators and United
Nations country teams now have access to world-
leading expertise and strategic thinking, which better
support the countries they serve.
Our five regional commissions maintained their
annual regional forums on sustainable development.
The forums offer an inclusive platform for countries
and stakeholders to review progress made on the
2030 Agenda and to identify solutions for recovering
from COVID-19 and other crises while achieving the
Sustainable Development Goals.
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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HE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
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62 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENER AL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
“We will spare no effort to
support all Arab countries
to achieve sustainable
prosperity,
enhance resilience,
eradicate multidimensional
poverty and
leave no one behind”
Rola Dashti, Executive Secretary, Economic and
Social Commission for Western Asia
“Faced with the
far-reaching impacts of
the war in Ukraine, the
triple planetary crisis and
persistent inequalities,
we need multilateralism
more than ever to recover
sustainable development
prospects in the pan-
European region.”
Olga Algayerova, Executive Secretary, Economic
Commission for Europe
62
“Latin America and the
Caribbean can address
growth and inequality
through transformative
initiatives, including
the energy transition,
the bioeconomy, digital
transformation, modern
service exports, the care
economy, sustainable
tourism and regional


integration.”
José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs, Executive Secretary,
Economic Commission for Latin America and the
Caribbean
“We need an integrated
approach to protecting
people and our planet,
leveraging digital
opportunities, trading
and investing more,
and aligning financial
resources with the
SDGs.”
Armida Alisjahbana, Executive Secretary, Economic
and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROMOTION OF SUSTAINED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023 65
85%
say they have provided
strengthened leadership,
compared with before the reform
of the resident coordinator system
87%
say they serve as a strengthened entry point
to the United Nations offer, an increase
compared with before the reform
88%
say they lead United Nations teams effectively
90%
say they have the right profile and skill sets to
support their country’s developm


ent
92%
say they have contributed to leveraging
partnerships in support of national efforts to
advance the 2030 Agenda and achieve the
Sustainable Development Goals
92%
say they have ensured a coherent
United Nations response to the COVID-19
pandemic
76%
say they have contributed to building stronger
synergies across development, humanitarian
and peacebuilding interventions
Survey results from participating Governments as part of the
2022 quadrennial comprehensive policy review of operational
activities for development of the United Nations system
WHAT PROGRAMME COUNTRY
GOVERNMENTS SAY ABOUT
RESIDENT COORDINATORS
RESIDENT COORDINATOR SYSTEM
The investments made by Member States in a
reinvigorated resident coordinator system are bearing
fruit. Our  resident coordinators are the entry points
to the United Nations development system at the
country level. The work of their teams has resulted in
more integrated support being provided to countries
on Sustainable Development Goal solutions.


 The
leadership of resident coordinators is becoming
increasingly crucial, connecting national needs to
global and regional resources, leveraging additional
financing for the Goals, brokering transformative
partnerships and providing leadership in times of crisis.
As demand from host Governments for support relating
to the Sustainable Development Goals increases, our
resident coordinator system still faces significant
funding shortfalls that hamper its ability to unlock
more opportunities for implementing the 2030 Agenda
in developing countries.
64
In focus: Resident Coordinator System
Under strengthened resident coordinator leadership,
the United Nations development system continued to
advance the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development in countries. The investments agreed by
Member States to strengthen the leadership,
impartiality, accountability, and effectiveness of the
resident coordinator system are yielding clear returns
in enhancing support to national Governments to
advance the Sus


tainable Development Goals.
2019
2020
2021
2022
90%
80%
70%
60%
0%
$2
2
$5
$1
$3
$75
100%
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
Source: Department of Economic and Social Affairs survey of host country
Governments, 2022.
Note: Management skills added as a response category in 2021.
Source: Development Coordination Office, 2023.
*2022: Variance in voluntary contributions may occur due to exchange rates
when contributions were received.
Governments reporting that resident
coordinators have strengthened
support provided in key areas
Funding overview
The agreed budget of $281 million for the resident coordinator
system is a critical minimum investment that stems from an
analysis of the functions needed for effective development
coordination. Despite significant commitments by Member
States, voluntary contributions have continuously fallen short.
2019
2020
2021
2022
90%
80%
70%
60%
0%
$281M
$281M
$281M
$281M
2019
2020
2021
2022
$58M
$118M
$30M
$75.2M
$77M
$86M
$40.5M
$77.5M
$66M
$98M
$39.2M
$77.5M
$85M
$69M
$50M
$77.5M
100%


91% of resident coordinator system personnel
were based in programme countries
Over 50% of all United Nations country teams had
transitioned from the United Nations Development
Assistance Frameworks to new United Nations
Sustainable Development Cooperation Frameworks
by the end of 2022
104 Cooperation Frameworks were rolled out as
of March 2023 – 40 in 2022 – working together with
Governments
94% of host Governments agreed that Cooperation
Frameworks were effectively responding to national
priorities
100% of least developed countries and 100%
of landlocked developing countries considered that
United Nations activities were closely aligned with
their needs and priorities
100% of small island developing States agreed
that United Nations entities were working more
collaboratively than before the reforms
92% of host Governments agreed that the United
Nations adequately provided evidence-based policy
advice
shortfall
voluntary contributions
1% levy
United Nations Sustainable
Development Group c


ost-sharing
87% – Serves as a United
Nations entry point
(+35% since 2019)
85% – Leadership
(+30% since 2019)
84% – Focus on common
results (+24% since 2019)
83% – Authority
(+24% since 2019)
83% – Capacity to
coordinate
(+27% since 2019)
80% – Impartiality
(+21% since 2019)
80% – Reduces
duplications
(+24% since 2019)
79% – Management skills
(+4% since 2021)
Maintenance
of International
Peace and
Security
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Prevention, management and resolution of conflicts
 Peacebuilding support
 Policy, evaluation and training
 Protection of civilians
 Rule of law and security institutions
 Electoral assistance
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$7.3B
$932M regular assessed,
$6B peacekeeping assessed (2021/2022)
and $367M voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 Restructuring of the United Nations peace and security
pillar, General Assembly resolutions 72/199 and 72/262 C
Peacebuilding and sustaining peace, General Assembly
resolution 72/276 and Security Council resolution 2282
(2016), General Assembl


y resolution 75/201 and Security
Council resolutions 2558 (2020) and 2594 (2021)
Financing for peacebuilding, General
Assembly resolution 76/305
Women and peace and security, Security Council
resolutions 1325 (2000) and 2493 (2019)
Children and armed conflict, Security Council
resolutions 1261 (1999) and 2601 (2021)
Sexual violence in armed conflict, Security Council
resolutions 1820 (2008) and 2467 (2019)
Youth, peace and security, Security Council resolutions
2250 (2015), 2419 (2018) and 2535 (2020)
Safety and security of peacekeepers, Security
Council resolutions 2518 (2020) and 2628 (2022)
Comprehensive review of special political missions,
General Assembly resolutions 76/83 and 77/127
Peacekeeping performance, Security
Council resolution 2436 (2018)
United Nations transitions, Security
Council resolution 2594 (2021)
SELECT ENTITIES
 Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
 Department of Peace Operations
Peacekeeping missions, political missions and offices
The Security Council u


nanimously adopts a
resolution extending the mandate of the United
Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus.
(New York; January 2023) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
CONTEXT
Peace and security are threatened by the evolving
nature of conflict, shrinking civic space, mis- and
disinformation, hate speech, unregulated cyberspace,
the climate emergency and the rollback of women’s
rights. We are also seeing the highest levels of
geostrategic competition in decades. While these trends
have been present for some time, the war in Ukraine
has sharpened global divisions among Member States.
This environment undermines the effectiveness of the
global peace and security architecture and challenges
our ability to prevent, manage and mitigate conflicts
and assist with peacemaking. To chart a path forward,
we need a renewed commitment to multilateralism
and the Charter of the United Nations, as called for in
the declaration on the commemoration of the seventy-
fifth annive


rsary of the United Nations and my report
on Our Common Agenda. My proposed New Agenda
for Peace will outline a vision for multilateral action
for peace and security.
United Nations peacekeepers in Mali preparing to
fly a drone to help secure their convoy’s patrol
route.
(Ogoussagou, Mali; August 2022) © MINUSMA/Harandane Dicko
SUPPORTING MEDIATION
EFFORTS
132
mediation support assignments
29
different contexts
Support provided in the areas
of process design, gender and
inclusion, constitution-making,
and ceasefires/security
arrangements
Africa 54%
Other* 20%
Europe 5%
* This refers to non-region-specific assignments, mostly related to
capacity-building
Americas and the Caribbean 13%
Middle East 5%
Asia and the
Pacific 3%

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70
KEY OBJECTIVES
We support Member States through a range of
international peace and security activities, grounded
in the principles of


the Charter and the mandates
of the General Assembly and the Security Council.
Our political, peacemaking, peacebuilding and
peacekeeping efforts are aimed at preventing and
managing conflicts, responding to political crises and
addressing emerging threats. To this end, we work to
advance women’s and youth participation in political
and peace processes. Preventing and addressing
conflict-related sexual violence, violations of children’s
rights in armed conflict, sexual exploitation and abuse
as well as genocide and atrocity crimes is central to
our work.
Blue Man Group performs during the International
Day of Peace youth observance event, the theme
of which was “End racism. Build peace.” The event
drew attention to the importance of combating
racism and building societies in which all people
are treated equally.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Ariana Lindquist
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The Innovation for Peace virtual reality ex


hibit at
United Nations Headquarters is part of United
Nations efforts to use immersive storytelling to
brief decision makers on international affairs.
(New York; April 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
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“Peacekeeping
demonstrates the strength
of multilateralism at a time
of new challenges and
geopolitical divides. To
continue to act effectively,
all of us must play our
part.”
Jean-Pierre Lacroix, Under-Secretary-General
for Peace Operations
“Our ability to take
collective action to address
interlocking challenges is
undermined by renewed
geostrategic competition.
We must work together to
navigate this uncertain
moment.”
Rosemary A. DiCarlo, Under-Secretary General for
Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
 73
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 THE ORGANIZATION 2023 75
74 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS, SPECIAL POLITICAL MISSIONS
AND SUPPORT OFFICES
UNTSO /
Egypt, Israel, Jordan,
Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic
UNAMA / Afghanistan
UNSOM / Somalia
UNSOS / Somalia
Special Envoy / Yemen
UNMHA / Yemen
Special Envoy / Myanmar
UNOAU / African Union
UNITAMS / Sudan
UNRGID / Geneva International
Discussions
UNRCCA / Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
UNMISS / South Sudan
UNMOGIP / India and Pakistan
Special Envoy / Syrian Arab Republic
Special Envoy / Great Lakes Region [Angola,
Burundi, Central African Republic, Congo,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya,
Rwanda, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan,
United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia]
Special Envoy / Horn of Africa [Djibouti,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South
Sudan, Sudan, Uganda]
MINUSMA / Mali
BINUH / Haiti
Verification Mission / Colombia
MINUSCA / Central African Republic
CN


MC / Cameroon and Nigeria
UNSMIL / Libya
UNOWAS / Benin, Burkina
Faso, Cabo Verde, Chad,
Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone,
Togo
UNFICYP / Cyprus
Special Adviser / Cyprus
UNIFIL / Lebanon
UNSCOL / Lebanon
UNMIK / Kosovo*
UNDOF / Golan
MINURSO / Western Sahara
Personal Envoy / Western Sahara
MONUSCO / Democratic Republic of the Congo
UNISFA
Abyei
UNOCA / Angola, Burundi,
Cameroon, Chad, Central
African Republic, Congo,
Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Equatorial Guinea,
Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome
and Principe
UNSCO / Middle East
BINUH United Nations Integrated Office in Haiti
CNMC United Nations support team to the Cameroon-Nigeria
Mixed Commission
MINURSO United Nations Mission for the Referendum
in Western Sahara
MINUSCA United Nations Multidimensional Integrated
Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic
MINUSMA United Nations Multidimensional Integrated
Stabilization Mission in Mali
MONUSCO United


Nations Organization Stabilization Mission
in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
UNAMA United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan
UNAMI United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq
UNDOF United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNFICYP United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
UNIFIL United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNISFA United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei
UNITAMS United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance
Mission in the Sudan
UNMHA United Nations Mission to Support the Hudaydah
Agreement
UNMIK United Nations Interim Administration Mission
in Kosovo*
UNMISS United Nations Mission in South Sudan
UNMOGIP United Nations Military Observer Group in India
and Pakistan
UNOAU United Nations Office to the African Union
UNOCA United Nations Regional Office for Central Africa
UNOWAS United Nations Office for West Africa and the Sahel
UNRCCA United Nations Regional Centre for Preventive
Diplomacy for Central Asia
UNRGID United Nations Representative to the Geneva
Internation


al Discussions
UNSCO Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for
the Middle East Peace Process
UNSCOL Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator
for Lebanon
UNSMIL United Nations Support Mission in Libya
UNSOM United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
UNSOS United Nations Support Office in Somalia
UNTSO United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
ACRONYMS
peacekeeping mission
special political mission
support office
The illustrative location indicators on this map are intended to
show geographical areas of responsibility or mandates of peace
operations. They do not necessarily show where these entities
are based. Some special political missions are not included in this
map. These include panels of experts supporting Security Council
sanctions regimes, and some political missions with thematic
mandates.
The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names and
related data shown on maps are not guaranteed to be error free,
nor do they necessarily imply official endorsement or


acceptance
by the United Nations.
*References to Kosovo shall be understood to be in the context of
Security Council resolution 1244 (1999).
In addition to the missions listed here, a Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General is supporting peacemaking efforts in Mozambique.
UNAMI / Iraq
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76
KEY OUTCOMES
PREVENTION, MANAGEMENT AND
RESOLUTION OF CONFLICTS
As  peace and security conditions deteriorated, we
increased our efforts to prevent, manage and resolve
conflicts and promote sustainable peace, including
through 41 special political missions and offices and 12
peacekeeping operations. The special representatives
and envoys of the Secretary-General worked with
conflict parties to achieve ceasefires and political
settlements. In Yemen, a United Nations-brokered
truce delivered tangible benefits to the Yemeni people
and enabled the parties to discuss the de-escalation
of hostilities. In Libya, we supported


 inclusive
consultations with stakeholders on overcoming the
protracted political impasse and holding national
elections. In Lebanon, our peacekeeping mission
supported stability, including through support to a
regular tripartite forum. In Abyei, we assisted efforts
to improve intercommunal relations. In Colombia, the
United Nations mission expanded its peacebuilding
support, as requested by the new Government, and
accompanied the resumed peace talks between the
Government and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional
(National Liberation Army). In the Central African
Republic, we supported the government-led peace
process that contributed to dialogue and the dissolution
of armed groups.
In the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the United Nations
not only stayed and delivered but also rapidly scaled up
its response across the country and beyond, including
its refugee response. In view of severe humanitarian
access constraints in areas in the east and south of
Ukraine, we consistently advocated for acc


ess while
respecting the country’s sovereignty, independence
and territorial integrity in accordance with international
law. The United Nations also continued to work with
all concerned to mitigate the global impacts of the
crisis. To ease global impacts on food and fertilizers,
High-level negotiations on the constitutional track
of Libya are held at the United Nations in Geneva.
(Geneva; June 2022) © UN Photo/Jean Marc Ferré
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MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
we actively engaged in negotiating and facilitating
implementation of the Black Sea Initiative, which was
signed by Türkiye, the Russian Federation and Ukraine
and witnessed by the United Nations in July 2022.
We also signed the Memorandum of Understanding
with the Russian Feder


ation on promoting Russian
food products and fertilizers to the world markets.
These efforts demonstrate that persistent diplomatic
engagement and innovative use of multilateral
instruments can help parties to find common ground
even in the most complex situations, a message that the
Secretary-General’s New Agenda for Peace will convey
to Member States. As the war continues unabated, the
United Nations will maintain efforts towards preventing
further escalation and promoting a just and sustainable
peace, in line with the Charter, international law and
relevant General Assembly resolutions.
Our partnerships with regional organizations remained
essential.  In South Sudan, we worked with regional
and subregional organizations to advance the political
process. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo and
the Great Lakes region, we worked with the African
Union and regional partners on  maintaining the Peace,
Security and Cooperation Framework as a platform for
regional cooperation.
United Nations


 peacekeeping adapted to challenging
environments through the Secretary-General’s
Action for Peacekeeping initiative and the Action for
Peacekeeping Plus strategy. Peacekeepers serve in
harsh conditions and at great personal risk; tragically,
some make the ultimate sacrifice. We responded to the
increase in peacekeeper fatalities from malicious acts
with improved training, equipment, medical trauma
care and improvised explosive devices detection and
by strengthening the defence of our bases in the field.
We increased efforts to address mis- and disinformation
and hate speech through better monitoring, analysis,
guidance and training and through proactive
communication and advocacy. We also built new
partnerships to scale up this work, including with
58
27
23
12
24
32
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
50% of
fatalities
due to
explosive
ordnance
Action Plan
to Improve the Security of
United Nations Peacekeepers
launched
Peacekeeping fatalities by
malicious acts
In 2022, malicious acts were th


e highest cause
of uniformed personnel fatalities, resulting in 53%
of fatalities
50% of peacekeeping fatalities by malicious
acts were due to explosive ordnance incidents,
and the threat against United Nations
peacekeepers has increased
Peacekeepers are more likely to survive
attacks when properly trained and equipped
Following recommendations of the
independent strategic review on preventing
and countering improvised explosive devices,
the United Nations has stepped up its efforts to
mitigate the risks to peacekeepers, including
through:
• Military skills evaluations
•  Pre-deployment and in-mission
training
•  Engaging on mine action with
regional centres
Governments, regional organizations, civil society
and social media companies. Our missions in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Lebanon
used social media to better explain their mandates.
In the Central African Republic, we helped to train
media organizations on the peace process and mis-
and disinformation. In Libya, we as