sisted initiatives
to counter mis- and disinformation and hate speech
during elections and supported the participation
of women therein. In the Horn of Africa region, we
organized a multi-stakeholder workshop on hate
speech and mis- and disinformation. In Kosovo,2 we
worked to reduce divisive ethnic narratives with human
rights education.
We also continued to support Member States and their
populations in nonmission settings. In West Africa and
the Sahel, we worked with regional partners to support
political transitions in Burkina Faso and Guinea and
to address transboundary threats, including violent
extremism and the impacts of climate change on peace
and security. In Papua New Guinea, we supported
parties in advancing agreement on Bougainville’s future
through the Bougainville peace process.
Our peacekeeping operations and special political
missions continued to support their host countries
in protecting civilians. To adapt to new challenges,
our missions tested digital technologies for


better
situational awareness, analysis and early warning to
help to prevent violence against civilians. In Mali, our
expanded digital mapping tools helped us to improve
the impact of our military and police patrols. In the
Central African Republic, new apps allowed us to
respond more proactively and robustly to alerts. In the
Sudan, we supported the implementation of a broader
national strategy to better protect civilians. We also
stepped up our work to prevent harm to civilians from
our own military and police in all missions.
2
 References to Kosovo shall be understood to be in the context of Security
Council resolution 1244 (1999).
OUR PEACEKEEPING WORK
87,000+
peacekeepers
6,000
women peacekeepers
12
peace operations
120+
countries contribute uniformed
peacekeepers
  79
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
80
WOMEN, PEACE AND SECURITY
Strengthening women’s full, equal and meaningful
participation in peace and political processes an


d
decision-making is a core priority for us. In Colombia,
our advocacy on the women and peace and security
agenda led to near gender parity in the delegations
to the peace talks with the Ejército de Liberación
Nacional (National Liberation Army). Responding to
a request from the Security Council, Greek Cypriot
and Turkish Cypriot leaders agreed to a joint action
plan that called for all sides to include no more than
two thirds of any gender in their delegations. In the
Central African Republic, Colombia, the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Mali and South Sudan, our
missions worked to increase women’s participation
in local peace committees, regional peace processes
and decision-making bodies.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, we supported
the integration of the women and peace and security
agenda into the transition plan, which resulted in
an increase in women’s participation in the Nairobi
peace process to nearly half of the 110 civil society
organizations. Our work also contribut


ed to temporary
special measures in the electoral code to mobilize the
nomination of women candidates. To improve women’s
safety and security, we carried out conflict mapping,
early warning and analysis and deployed mixed
engagement teams and gender-responsive patrols.
Female peacekeepers in Mali search for and detect
improvised explosive devices during logistical
convoys and long and short-range patrols.
(Douentza, Mali; December 2022) © UN Photo/Harandane Dicko
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MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
44%
women among staff
in United Nations
mediation teams
42%
women among heads
and deputy heads of
United Nations missions
TOWARDS EQUAL
REPRESENTATION
UNIFORMED GENDER PARITY
At the launch of the uniformed
Gender Parity Strategy 2018–2028
As of December 2022
Police
Exceeded 2022 targets
for all categories of police
personnel both at
Headquarters and in
the field
Number of women serving
as justi


ce and corrections
personnel surpassed the
2021 Uniformed Gender
Parity Target by 13 per cent
Justice and
corrections
Military
Number of women staff
workers and military
observers has increased by
nearly 50% since the launch
of the uniformed gender
parity strategy
40%
25%
32%
15%
20%
8%
Formed
police
units
Individual
police
officers
22%
6%
12%
4%
Formed
contingents
Staff officers
and military
observers
UN
We supported women’s participation in peace and
political processes, including in Iraq, Libya, the Sudan,
the Syrian Arab Republic and Yemen. Our work helped
to promote women’s representation in delegations,
consultations with women’s civil society organizations,
and innovative inclusivity mechanisms. In Afghanistan,
we assisted in-country efforts to facilitate engagement
between Afghan women and de facto authorities.
Together with partners, we convened digital dialogues
to engage women’s voices on peace and security,
including in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Haiti,
Lebanon a


nd Libya, as well as in North-East Asia and
in the Middle East and North Africa region.
The Women’s Peace and Humanitarian Fund mobilized
over $44 million to support 300 women’s rights
organizations and partners from 32 countries. Our Elsie
Initiative Fund continues to support uniformed women
in peace operations. We also launched a new funding
mechanism for women human rights defenders.
By December 2022,  some 42 per cent of heads and
deputy heads of our missions were women. We also
met and exceeded our targets for gender parity among
uniformed personnel, except in military contingents,
where women are still starkly underrepresented.
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83
Women leaders and representatives discussing
their full and equal participation in decision-
making in the young political landscape of South
Sudan.
(Juba; November 2022) © UNMISS/Priyanka Chowdhury
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE A


ND SECURITY
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
84
PEACEBUILDING SUPPORT
In 2022, the Peacebuilding Fund approved a record
$231 million to support peacebuilding projects in 37
countries. More than a third of these funds supported
women’s and youth empowerment. Other priorities
included regional, cross-border and transition support
in over 30 conflict-affected and fragile settings. We
partnered with regional organizations, including the
League of Arab States, on the projects. Recognizing
that peacebuilding remains underfunded, the General
Assembly adopted a resolution to improve financing
for peacebuilding in the future.
The Peacebuilding Commission broadened its
geographical scope and inclusion. The Commission
now supports 14 countries and regions, and for the
first time, it discussed priorities in South Sudan,
Timor-Leste and Central Asia. Nearly 30 civil society
representatives attended Commission meetings –
a new record.
Women ex-combatants in Colombia receive
reintegration


support from the Peacebuilding Fund
to lead economic projects such as cacao
cultivation to sustain families and communities.
(San José de León, Colombia; October 2022) © UN-Women/Pedro Pio
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MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
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86 DETERMINED: REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
The Peacebuilding Fund supports students’
education by rebuilding a school in Umm
Al-Khairat village in East Darfur.
(Darfur, Sudan; March 2022) © Peacebuilding Fund
Secretary-General’s Peacebuilding Fund: 37 new countries and territories
approved and 17 countries received ongoing support
Angola
* References to Kosovo shall be understood to be in the context of Security Council resolution 1244 (1999).
The final boundary between the Sudan and South Sudan has not yet been det


ermined. The boundaries and names shown, and the designations
used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Peacebuilding Fund: growing portfolio, donor base and reach
2007
2022
$4M
$79M
$232M
in approved
budget
$171M
in donor
commitments
2007
2022
6
33
37
countries
approved
for funding
32
donor
countries
that
committed
funds
Peace and Development Advisers support conflict prevention
International Peace and Development Advisers
National Peace and Development Advisers
United Nations Volunteers
Secondees
Specialists
Peace and Development Advisers are deployed by the UNDP-DPPA Joint Programme.
123
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
5
5
6
11
8
15
17
23
24
30
34
40
42
42
49
54
58
59
64
64
2
1
2
3
1
4
2
4
4
5
7
7
8
6
9
11
9
8
10
8
7
4
15
33
34
42
46
Peace and Development
Advisers in 73 countries
+ 6 regional advisors
2022 approvals
Other countries with ongoing Peacebuilding Fund programming
H


aiti / $12.3M
Dominican Republic
Honduras / $6M
Guatemala / $4M
Guinea-Bissau / $12M
Senegal / $2M
Gambia / $5.4M
Guinea / $9.9M
Mauritania / $9.9M
Mali / $12.8M
Burkina Faso / $7.9M
Niger / $14.2M
Nigeria / $5.5M
Chad / $3.9M
Republic of Moldova / $2.5M
Kosovo* / $0.7M
North Macedonia / $0.7M
Bosnia and Herzegovina / $4.4M
Albania / $1.1M
Serbia / $1.2M
Libya / $5.1M
Sudan / $15.5M
South Sudan / $11.7M
Kyrgyzstan / $4.5M
Uzbekistan
Myanmar
Papua
New Guinea / $3.3M
Solomon Islands
Tuvalu
Marshall Islands
Somalia / $7.6M
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Rwanda
Malawi / $3M
Madagascar / $3M
Burundi / $5.5M
Kenya
Cameroon / $9.3M
Benin / $1.6M
Gabon
Central African Republic / $3.9M
Lesotho
Kiribati
Democratic Republic
of the Congo / $8M
Sierra Leone / $8.9M
Liberia / $5.8M
Côte d'Ivoire
Togo
El Salvador / $5M
Colombia / $7.7M
Bolivia
Ecuador / $3M
Plus a global project that supports
country-level peacebuilding project
design and evaluation: $2.3M
Total
$231M
Learn more
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OUR ELECTORAL ASSISTANCE
44
Member States and territories
received technical assistance
8
countries supported were under
a Security Council mandate
19
elections and referendums
assisted, including in Ecuador,
the Gambia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Timor-Leste and Vanuatu
16
needs assessments conducted
out of a total 51 election-related
missions
ELECTORAL ASSISTANCE
We worked with Member States around the world to
help to deliver credible and peaceful elections. Our
technical assistance and preventive diplomacy not
only supported election processes but also helped
to address challenges concerning the acceptance of
results, disinformation and hate speech, and women’s
participation.
To foster youth participation in elections, we
collaborated with United Nations agencies to
create the first Arab Network for Youth in Elections.
Through partnerships with regional organizat


ions, we
exchanged lessons learned, promoted South-South
cooperation and built capacity. We also supported
regional events with the League of Arab States, the
Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the Southern
African Development Community and the International
Conference on the Great Lakes Region.
Members of Parliament cast their votes during the
presidential election held on 15 May 2022.
(Mogadishu; May 2022) © UN Photo/Fardosa Hussein
89
RULE OF LAW AND SECURITY
INSTITUTIONS
Our support for police and rule of law institutions
remained central to our peace and security work. Over
10,000 United Nations police officers in 19 missions
helped to strengthen national policing capacities,
including through greater use of data analytics,
foresight and behavioural science.
We supported national justice institutions in
prosecuting crimes against civilians. This resulted in
the first convictions by the Special Criminal Court in
the Central African Republic and an increase in high-
profile cases in the


 Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Mali and South Sudan. We also supported national
corrections institutions in reinforcing the security and
rehabilitation of high-risk detainees.
Our revised standards for the disarmament,
demobilization and reintegration of armed groups
helped to reduce risks. In the Central African Republic,
we supported community violence reduction initiatives,
which focused on the needs of at-risk youth. We also
assisted national authorities with the safe storage and
management of small arms and light weapons.
We assisted in national security sector reform, including
in the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Iraq, Lesotho, Libya, Mali, Somalia, South
Sudan, the Sudan and Yemen. With our mine action
services, including the removal of explosive ordnance,
we made life safer for millions of people across 29
countries and territories.
The United Nations supported the opening of the
first criminal session for 2023 at the Bangui Court
of Appeal.
(Ba


ngui; January 2023) © MINUSCA/Leonel Grothe
OUR SUPPORT TO RULE OF LAW
AND SECURITY INSTITUTIONS
 10,000+
United Nations police officers
working to build national
policing capacities
2,000+
people convicted for serious
crimes in the Central African
Republic, the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Mali and
South Sudan
74,000+
explosive items removed or
destroyed by United Nations
mine action programmes
226.4
km2 of land and
8,468 km
of road confirmed safe from
explosive ordnance
contamination
in countries with United Nations
mine action programmes
45,000
people participated in
community violence reduction
projects
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The Security Council screens a virtual reality
project prior to the Security Council meeting on
the situation in Yemen.
(New York; June 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
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92
SECURITY COUNCIL AFFAIRS
We continued to assist the Security Council in carrying
out its critical responsibilities. In 2022, we supported
the Security Council in organizing 292 meetings and
127 consultations. These deliberations resulted in
54 resolutions and 7  presidential statements on
international peace and security. We also supported
Council committees and working groups, which met
125 times, both in person and virtually.
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
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In 2022, children in conflict zones were affected
by escalation, attacks on schools and hospitals,
improvised explosive devices and explosive remnants
of war, sexual violence, as well as denial of humanitarian
access and humanitarian crises. Children with
disabilities and those displaced were most


 vulnerable.
We helped to verify at least 27,000 violations against
children by government and non-State forces, including
terrorist groups. More than 12,400 children formerly
associated with armed forces or groups benefited from
protection or  reintegration assistance during the year.
We drew global attention to the impacts of violence that
children face before, during and after conflict, including
forced displacement, abduction, trafficking, detention
and adoption. We worked with Member States to
strengthen violence prevention and protection. We
also raised awareness about children living in camps
and detention facilities, which requires alternative
solutions. We urged States to prevent recurring
cycles of violence by repatriating, rehabilitating and
reintegrating their nationals.
Over the past year, conflict, shrinking civic space and
weakened rule of law also exposed civilians to more
sexual violence. With our monitoring and reporting,
we helped to verify approximately 3,000 cases of
con


flict-related sexual violence. We launched a new
global framework for the prevention of conflict-related
sexual violence at the seventy-seventh session of the
General Assembly. In Ukraine, we signed a framework
agreement with the Government to address conflict-
related sexual violence, and we are in the process of
implementing similar prevention plans in countries
including the Central African Republic, the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Iraq and South Sudan. We are
also working with regional organizations such as the
African Union and the League of Arab States to respond
to sexual violence in conflict.
We monitored and raised the alarm over risks of
atrocity crimes and supported atrocity prevention. Our
efforts resulted in action plans promoting the roles of
women and traditional leaders in preventing atrocities,
and the role of sports in countering hate speech. We
also supported five United Nations country teams in
developing action plans on hate speech. For the first
time ever, we broug


ht people together to commemorate
the International Day for Countering Hate Speech on
18 June 2022.
CHILDREN AND ARMED CONFLICT, VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN,
CONFLICT-RELATED SEXUAL VIOLENCE AND THE PREVENTION OF GENOCIDE
“The children and armed
conflict agenda can be
used as a positive traction
for peace development,
addressing root causes
of conflict and prevention
efforts, including at
subregional and regional
levels.”
Virginia Gamba, Special Representative of the
Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict
94
“Prevention, as the central
promise of the Security
Council agenda on conflict-
related sexual violence,
must include closing
the service-delivery and
accountability gaps to
break the vicious cycle of
violence and impunity.”
Pramila Patten, Special Representative of the
Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict
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SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
Youth activists march to end violence against
women and girls at the launch of the 16 Days of
Activism against Gender-based Violence
campaign.
(Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania; December 2022) © UN-Women/
WiLDAF Tanzania
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97
MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
“Children face a continuum
of violence prior to,
during and after conflict.
Investment in integrated
national child protection
systems and cross-
border cooperation is
essential to respond to this
challenge.”
Najat Maalla M’jid, Special Representative of
the Secretary-General on Violence against Children
“On the 75th anniversary of
the Genocide Convention,
we must recommit to
the laudable goal of
its adoption in 1948,
‘never again’, aware that
prevention of genocide
requires action at all levels
and by all.”
Alice Nderitu, Special Adviser to the Secretary-
General on the Pre


vention of Genocide
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Coordination of global advocacy and support

 for African Union development initiatives
 Regional coordination of and support for

 African Union development initiatives
 Public information and awareness activities

 for African Union development initiatives
 Regional cooperation for economic and

 social development in Africa
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$109M
 $105M regular assessed and $4M voluntary contributions
(including Economic Commission for Africa)
SELECT MANDATES
 Framework for a Renewed United Nations-African Union
Partnership on Africa’s Integration and Development
Agenda, General Assembly resolution 71/254
A monitoring mechanism to review commitments towards
Africa’s development, General Assembly resolution 66/293
Political declaration on Africa’s development needs,
General Assembly resolution 63/1
Ending conflict in Africa, Security Council resolution 2457
(2019)
New Partnership for Africa’s Development, General
Assembly resolution 73/335
United Nati


ons support for the New Partnership for
Africa’s Development, General Assembly resolution 57/7
Victoria Falls Declaration on the United Nations Decade of
Action and Delivery for Sustainable Development in Africa,
E/HLPF/2020/3/Add.1, annex
Implementation of the recommendations contained in the
report of the Secretary-General on the causes of conflict
and the promotion of durable peace and sustainable
development in Africa, General Assembly resolution
73/336
Strengthening of the United Nations: an agenda for further
change, General Assembly resolution 57/300
SELECT ENTITIES
 Office of the Special Adviser on Africa
 Economic Commission for Africa
The United Nations is helping to transform
the agricultural sector of Santo Antão, the
westernmost island of Cabo Verde, by moving
water to irrigate and create useable farmland.
(Santo Antão, Cabo Verde; January 2023) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
Development
in Africa
101
DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
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E ORGANIZATION 2023
THE UNITED NATIONS IS
INVESTED IN AFRICA
 73,000+
civilian staff
serve in Africa
72,000+
uniformed
personnel serve
in Africa
35%
of Secretariat staff
are from Africa
CONTEXT
We are now at the midpoint of implementing the
2030 Agenda and have just completed the first 10
years of Agenda 2063 of the African Union. However,
the world is off track. Progress is insufficient. The
COVID-19 pandemic and the food, energy and financial
crises have contributed to a reversal of development
gains. Decisive steps are needed to increase Africa’s
ownership and resilience.
KEY OBJECTIVES
The United Nations promotes sustainable development
and peace in Africa by supporting the 2030 Agenda
and Agenda 2063 of the African Union. We focus on
the economic, social and environmental dimensions
of development and on their interlinkages with
peace, security and human rights. We also support
intraregional integration and cooperation.
Participants at United Nations Headquarters
during the first in


ternational celebration of World
Kiswahili Language Day on 7 July.
(New York; July 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
Share of United
Nations system total
expenditure in 2021
(including peace
operations)
Africa
Others
38%
($23B)
62%
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101
DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
103
DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
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DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
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103
A solar-powered borehole in the village of Daley
in Kenya supplies drinking water and helps
to irrigate crops.
(Garissa County, Kenya; October 2022) © United Nations/James Ekwam
“Africa, despite the triple
crisis, is poised for a post
COVID-19 era of structural
transformation through
industrialization. This
will be anchored in the
game changing African
Continental Free Trade
Area Agreement.”
Antonio Pedro, Acting Executive Secretary,
Econ


omic Commission for Africa
“Investments in strong
country systems and
institutions (SDGs 16
and 17) are the most
effective way for African
countries to take the reins
of their journeys towards
sustainable development
and durable peace.”
Cristina Isabel Lopes da Silva Monteiro Duarte,
Special Adviser on Africa
DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
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KEY OUTCOMES
In 2022, we supported African Member States in taking
ownership of their development with analytical insights
and technical support. We helped to establish control
mechanisms for financial flows, enhancing efficiency
in public expenditures and creating accessible
African private savings and sovereign funds. Our
work contributed to improving development finance
and reducing dependen


ce on foreign assistance. We
amplified calls to shift official development assistance
from quantity to quality and advocated for a fairer
international financial architecture. We also supported
economic transformation and resilience through trade,
particularly the Agreement Establishing the African
Continental Free Trade Area.
On energy, we advocated for a just and equitable global
energy transition that acknowledges different starting
points and priorities. African countries want to take
charge of their energy future, so we supported energy
planning exercises across the continent to advance
national priorities.
We continued to address the root causes of conflict
through sustainable development that leaves no one
behind. We assisted Member States in promoting
women’s rights and their meaningful participation in
all aspects of political, economic and social life. In
partnership with Member States, we helped to prioritize
the strengthening of health systems in Africa. We also
worked towards em


powering more African youth as
contributors in a shared global future.
Together with the African Union, we directed more
global attention to nutrition and food security. With
our “Delivering as one” approach, we leveraged the
Africa Dialogue Series to explain the issues, activate
partnerships and broker knowledge to accelerate
Africa’s development.
105
Governance value chain
The absence of the State is a structural problem that undermines the development potential of African countries. The United Nations
is working closely with African countries to build strong country systems as the cornerstone of a value chain to deliver sustainable
development and durable peace.
Strong
country
systems
Effective
governance
Efficient
and inclusive
service
delivery
Resource
mobilization
Trust
Peace
Legitimacy
Credibility
DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
In Cabo Verde, development projects supported by
the United Nations are helping to transform the
agricultural sector of Santo Antão, the westernmost
island of Cabo Verd


e, by switching from sugarcane
to banana and other more sustainable crops.
(Santo Antão, Cabo Verde; January 2023) © UN Photo/Mark Garten
105
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106
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN THE 54 AFRICAN COUNTRIES

Goal achievement
Challenges remain
Significant challenges
Major challenges
Insuffient data
12 RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION
AND PRODUCTION
13 CLIMATE ACTION

17 PARTNERSHIPS
FOR THE GOALS
14 LIFE BELOW WATER
15 LIFE ON LAND
5 GENDER EQUALITY
4 QUALITY EDUCATION
1
1
22
26
31
31
32
37
37
40
43
45
45
45
46
49
52
2
5
7
1
9
8
1
7
2
11
12
11
12
1 2
2
8
3 1
5
20
2
18
18
1 1
3
4
1
9
3
16
22
7
3
4
15
34
2
15
33
3
10 REDUCED INEQUALITIES
 6 CLEAN WATER AND
SANITATION
9 INDUSTRY, INNOVATION
AND INFRASTRUCTURE
3 GOOD HEALTH AND
WELL-BEING
2 ZERO HUNGER
16 PEACE, JUSTICE AND
STRONG INSTITUTIONS
7 AFFORD


ABLE AND
CLEAN ENERGY
11 SUSTAINABLE CITIES
AND COMMUNITIES
8 DECENT WORK AND
ECONOMIC GROWTH
1 NO POVERTY
Protecting the welfare and rights of children is at
the heart of the work of the United Nations to
advance the SDGs.
(Juba; February 2023) © UN Photo/Gregório Cunha
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Young people take part in a radio broadcast to share
lessons learned and mobilize action on innovation,
clean water and sanitation, affordable energy, and
sustainable cities and communities at the Africa
Regional Forum on Sustainable Development.
(Niamey; March 2023) © United Nations/ECA
Unlocking Africa’s triple paradox:
finance, energy and food
The African continent is rich in finance, energy and food, yet African economies
are starved of these resources. We must resolve this paradox and make full use of
the continent


’s resources to drive inclusive sustainable development.
ENERGY
FOOD
FINANCE
60%
of the world’s
uncultivated
arable land
but chronic food
insecurity
All energy sources,
but least
electrified continent
580M
without electricity
˃ Energy
  finance
˃ Energy
  technology
˃ Energy
  access
VALUE CHAIN
GAME CHANGER
DRIVERS
RESILIENCE ENABLER
˃ Cold chain
˃ Irrigation
˃ Agricultural
   industrialization
$89B
Lost to illicit financial
flows
$80B
Lost to inefficient
expenditures
$1.3T
African pension funds
invested outside
the continent
PARADOXES
FOOD SYSTEM
TRANSFORMATION
DOMESTIC RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION
UNLOCKED
˃ Digitalized country
   system
˃ Policy space
˃ Tax collection
Triple finance, energy and food paradox of Africa
109
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Supporting human rights treaty bodies

 Supporting the Human Rights Council, its
 subsidiary bodies and mechanisms
 Advisory services, technical cooperation and field activities
 Human rights mainstreaming, the right to
 development, research and analysis
INDICATIVE


RESOURCES
$399M
 $158M regular assessed, $2M peacekeeping assessed
(2021-2022) and $239M voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
General Assembly resolution 217 (III)
 Declaration on the Right to Development,
 General Assembly resolution 41/128
 High Commissioner for the Promotion and Protection of
 all Human Rights, General Assembly resolution 48/141
 Strengthening and Enhancing the Effective
 Functioning of the Human Rights Treaty Body
 System, General Assembly resolution 68/268
 Human Rights Council and the Universal Periodic Review,
General Assembly resolutions 60/251 and 65/281
SELECT ENTITIES
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner
for Human Rights
Participants at the twenty-second session of the
Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, where
regional dialogues between Indigenous Peoples
and Member States focused on “Indigenous
Peoples, human health, planetary and territorial
health and climate change: a rights-based
approach”.
(New York; April 2023


) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
Promotion and
Protection of
Human Rights
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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CONTEXT
Collectively, we face multiple challenges to human
rights: widening economic and social gaps between
and within countries, aggravated by the COVID-19
pandemic, armed conflicts, impunity, rising costs
of living, and the triple planetary crisis. Recognizing
that human rights are essential for lasting peace,
sustainable development and justice, we must
ensure that human rights guide the solutions
to our most pressing challenges. The seventy-
fifth anniversary of the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights in December 2023 is an opportunity
to reinvigorate the consensus envisioned in the
Declaration a


nd to strengthen the United Nations
human rights architecture.

Celebrating Human Rights Day in Haiti and
launching the commemoration of the seventy-fifth
anniversary of the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.
 (Port-au-Prince; December 2022) © OHCHR
113
Learn more
LET’S ADVANCE  ON
THE PROMISE OF
FREEDOM, EQUALITY
 AND JUSTICE FOR ALL
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
 115
KEY OBJECTIVES
The work to advance human rights spans the three
pillars of United Nations engagement, encompassing
support for international human rights mechanisms,
the mainstreaming of human rights within development
and peace operations and the advancement of the
principles of non-discrimination, participation and
accountability. Our efforts extend from overcoming
immediate challenges such as the onset of a


 pandemic
to intergenerational challenges such as climate
change. Under the Secretary-General’s Call to Action
for Human Rights, a range of  practical, cross-pillar
activities are inspiring commitment across the United
Nations system. They include addressing the shrinking
civic space; climate justice; addressing violations in
the digital sphere; and using human rights as a tool to
meet the Organization’s broad objectives.
At a polling station in Nairobi, United Nations human rights teams work
with the national human rights commission, the police, civil society
organizations and grass-roots defenders to support peaceful elections
in Kenya.
(Nairobi; August 2022) © OHCHR
“All of society needs to be
engaged in dialogue on
human rights, to rekindle
the spirit, impulse and
vitality that forged the
Universal Declaration
75 years ago.”
Volker Türk, United Nations High Commissioner
for Human Rights
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PROMOTION A


ND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS IN 103 LOCATIONS
AROUND THE WORLD
Argentina
New York
Colombia
Barbados
Ecuador
Trinidad and Tobago
Guyana
Surinamee
Guinea
Sierra Leone
Gambia
Guinea-Bissau
Mauritania
G5 Sahel – Mauritaniad
G5 Sahel – Burkina Fasod
Burkina Fasog
West Africa (Dakar)
Subregional Centre
for Human Rights
and Democracy
in Central Africa
(Yaoundé)
Tunisia
Liberia
Nigeria
G5 Sahel – Nigerd
Niger
Guatemala
Mexico
Belize
Uruguay
Paraguay
Bolivia
Perui
Honduras
El Salvadorh
Bolivarian Republic
of Venezuela
Central America
(Panama City)
Jamaicae
Costa Rica
Haiti (BINUH)
Dominican Republic
Libya (UNSMIL)
Bahraine
State of Palestinec
Jordan
Saudi
Arabia
Syrian Arab Republic –


based in Beirut
Middle East and
North Africa
(Beirut)
Mali (MINUSMA)
G5 Sahel – Malid
South America
(Santiago)
Brazil
a
 References to Kosovo shall be understood to be in the context of Security Council
resolution 1244 (1999).
b
Mandated by Human Rights Council resolution 25/25.
c
 Reference to the State of Palestine should be understood in compliance with
United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19.
d
 G5 Sahel Joint Force Compliance Framework Project (Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali,
Mauritania and Niger. Mali withdrew on 30 June 2022).
e
On hold until funding is available.
f
Temporary support availed in 2022, to be discontinued in 2023.
g
Human rights adviser replaced by country office in 2022.
h
 Human rights adviser to be replaced by programme in 2023.
i
Human rights adviser replaced by programme in 2022.
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply
official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Russian
Federation
Central Afri


can
Republic
(MINUSCA)
Democratic
Republic of
the Congo
(MONUSCO)
Congo
Equatorial Guineae
Geneva
Serbiae
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Europe
(Brussels)
North Macedonia
Uganda
Burundi
Somalia
(UNSOM)
South Sudan
(UNMISS)
Kenya
Chad
G5 Sahel –
Chadd
East Africa
(Addis Ababa)
Cambodia
Malaysiae
Philippines
Yemen
United Nations Human Rights
Training and Documentation
Centre for South-West Asia
and the Arab Region (Doha)
Timor-Leste
Central Asia
(Bishkek)
Mongolia
Tajikistan
Uzbekistanf
South Caucasus
(Tbilisi)
Kazakhstan
Afghanistan (UNAMA)
OHCHR field-based structureb
(Seoul)
Sudan
(UNITAMS)
Sudan
Malawie
Zambia
 Zimbabwe
Mozambique
Mozambique
Eswatini
Southern Africa
(Pretoria)
Lesotho
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Maldives
Ukraine
Republic of
Moldova
Rwanda
Pacific
(Suva)

Bangladesh
Kosovoa
(UNMIK)
Madagascar
Papua New Guinea
South-East Asia
(Bangkok)
Myanmar –
based in Bangkok
Myanmar –
based in Bangkok
Montenegro
Headquarters
2
19
12
11
50
9
country/stand-alone offices/
human rights missi


ons
regional offices/centres
human rights components of
United Nations peace/political
missions
Human rights advisers deployed
to United Nations country
teams in consultation with
Governments
other types of field presences
Iraq (UNAMI)
Samoa
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OUR HUMAN RIGHTS WORK
47,000
victims of torture in
92 countries received
rehabilitation support
13,000
victims of contemporary
forms of slavery in 33 countries
obtained assistance
11
human rights components in
United Nations peace missions,
including 558 human rights staff
50
human rights advisers
deployed in United Nations
country teams
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118
A United Nations human rights team m


onitors a
protest to commemorate eight years since the
disappearance of 43 students from the Raúl Isidro
Burgos rural teachers’ school in Mexico.
(Guerrero, Mexico; September 2022) © OHCHR
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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United Nations human rights officers speak to
an internally displaced person in a sports complex
in Ukraine.
(Uzhhorod, Ukraine; March 2022) © OHCHR
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120
KEY OUTCOMES
SUPPORT FOR INTERNATIONAL
HUMAN RIGHTS MECHANISMS
As COVID-19 lockdowns subsided, we helped human
rights mechanisms to resume in-person work. This
included the regular sessions of the Human Rights
Council as well as its special sessions on Ukraine
and the Islamic Republic of Iran, 55 in-country visits
by special procedures mandate holders, and the
reinstatem


ent of events involving nongovernmental
organizations at the Human Rights Council and the
sessions of the Working Group on the Universal
Periodic Review. Our activities contributed to greater
engagement from national parliaments on human
rights, a more involved civil society, and stronger
national human rights institutions.
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HUMAN RIGHTS WITHIN DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS
A United Nations human rights team speaking to
environmental defenders in San Pedro la Laguna
by Lake Atitlán, Guatemala. Indigenous leaders and
attorneys benefited from litigation training to
support their conservation efforts.
(Lake Atitlán, Guatemala; October 2022) © OHCHR
resulted in better data on discrimination, civilian deaths
in conflict and killings and disappearances of human
r


ights defenders, journalists and trade unionists. We
also developed guidance for country teams to support
Member States in integrating human rights into their
voluntary national reviews.
Human rights
for sustainable
development
We provided advice on
budgeting for human rights,
enhancing fiscal transparency,
leaving no one behind in
the design of social and
economic rights measures,
and empowering grass-roots
organizations to monitor national
development plans.
123
Human rights are central to our development work.
Human rights analysis informed 51 common country
analyses and United Nations Sustainable Development
Cooperation Frameworks that were concluded in 2022.
Under the Secretary-General’s Call to Action for Human
Rights, we developed a self-assessment tool to support
United Nations country teams in integrating human
rights into analyses, programming and advocacy. Our
work on the Sustainable Development Goal indicators
Universal Human Rights Index: recommendations cover all Susta


inable
Development Goals
Universal periodic review
Treaty bodies
Special procedures
1 NO POVERTY
5 GENDER EQUALITY
9 INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
13 CLIMATE ACTION
2 ZERO HUNGER
6 CLEAN WATERANDSANITATION
10 REDUCED INEQUALITIES
14 LIFE BELOW WATER
3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
7 AFFORDABLE AND
CLEAN ENERGY
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
11 SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND
COMMUNITIES
15 LIFE ON LAND
4 QUALITY EDUCATION
8 DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC
GROWTH
12 RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION
AND PRODUCTION
16 PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG
INSTITUTIONS
17 PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS
The Universal Human Rights Index, accessed by 50,000 unique users each year, allows stakeholders to
access country-specific information from international human rights mechanisms.
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“With Us


Not For Us”: World Down Syndrome Day
conference at United Nations Headquarters.
(New York; March 2023) © UN Photo/Evan Schneider
EXPERTISE AND SUPPORT TO THE HUMAN RIGHTS BODIES
 Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
 Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
 Human Rights Council
Special procedures of the Human Rights Council
Human Rights Committee
Committee on Enforced Disappearances
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination
against Women
  Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Committee against Torture
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel,
Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Committee on Migrant Workers
TREATY-
BASED
BODIES
CHARTER-
BASED
BODIES
125
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 2023
PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
OUR SUPPORT TO MEMBER
STATE COOPERATION
10
treaty actions: 7 ratifications
and 3 accessions
38
Governments hosted 45 visits
by special procedure mandate
holders
99
State party reports reviewed
by treaty bodies
3,000
official documents
submitted for meetings of
human rights mechanisms,
the General Assembly and
the Economic and Social Council
PEACE AND SECURITY
We trained defence and security forces in over a
dozen countries and territories, promoting respect
for international human rights standards. In addition,
human rights emergency response teams were
deployed in seven regional offices, strengthening our
capacity to anticipate and respond to human rights
crises and enhancing inter-agency cooperation on the
prevention agenda. We also developed a new policy
that formally recognizes the linkages between sexual
exploitation and abuse and human rights and provides
practical guidance on a human rights-based, victim-
centred approach to pr


eventing and responding to
sexual exploitation and abuse. We are working closely
with United Nations country teams and United Nations
entities on its implementation.
NON-DISCRIMINATION
With our support, over 700 participants from States,
civil society and the United Nations took part in
the inaugural session of the Permanent Forum on
People of African Descent. This event will contribute
to a United Nations declaration on the promotion,
protection and full respect of the human rights of
people of African descent. We deployed anti-racial
discrimination advisers to our regional human rights
offices in Bangkok, Beirut, Brussels, Pretoria and
Santiago to strengthen our capacity and support
actions and stakeholders at the national level. We
launched the “Learn, speak up and act!” campaign to
raise awareness about racism, xenophobia and racial
discrimination. We also introduced an online platform
for companies to assess their compliance with United
Nations standards of conduct for businesses to h


elp
to reduce discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transgender and intersex people.
PARTICIPATION
To help to preserve and expand civic space, we
focused on safety for participants in public debates
and decision-making, including by establishing
human rights observatories and citizen platforms.
We built awareness and advocacy around this issue
with a report on the human rights impact of Internet
shutdowns. We also promoted the participation of the
least developed countries and small island developing
States in the Human Rights Council.
ACCOUNTABILITY
We supported investigative mechanisms established by
the Human Rights Council, with mandates in more than
10 countries and territories. Our advocacy contributed
to the establishment of the International Independent
Expert Mechanism to Advance Racial Justice and
Equality in Law Enforcement. This initiative marks
an important step in the landmark agenda towards
transformative change for racial justice and equality.
Celebrating Human Righ


ts Day and commemorating the Sharpeville
massacre that took place during Apartheid on 21 March 1960.
(Pretoria; March 2022) © OHCHR
127
Effective
Coordination of
Humanitarian
Assistance
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Coordination of humanitarian action
 and emergency response
 Emergency support services
 Humanitarian information and advocacy
 Natural disaster reduction
 Policy and analysis
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$2.6B
$108M regular assessed (including for the Office for
the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, UNHCR and
UNRWA) and $2.5B voluntary contributions (including for
the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,
the Central Emergency Response Fund and country-based
pooled funds)
SELECT MANDATES
 Strengthening of the coordination of emergency
 humanitarian assistance of the United Nations,
 General Assembly resolutions 46/182 and 77/28
 International cooperation on humanitarian
 assistance in the field of natural disasters,
 General Assembly resolution 77/29
 Safety and security of humanitaria


n personnel
 and protection of United Nations personnel,
 General Assembly resolution 77/31
 Protection of and assistance to internally displaced
 persons, General Assembly resolution 76/167
 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015–2030, General Assembly resolution 69/283
 Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
 Development, General Assembly resolution 70/1
SELECT ENTITIES
 Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
 United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
Floods in Sindh and Balochistan provinces left
more than 1,300 dead, tens of millions of homes
destroyed, and one third of Pakistan submerged.
(Sindh Province, Pakistan; September 2022) © OCHA/Pierre Peron
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
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CONTEXT
The global humanitarian situ


ation is dire. Critical
challenges – protracted and new armed conflicts,
the climate crisis and major disasters, record levels
of displacement, hunger and the risk of famine,
the continued effects of COVID-19, and the global
economic slowdown – compound and cascade. These
interconnected issues affect lives and livelihoods
across the globe. At the same time, violations of
international humanitarian law and human rights,
including attacks on civilians, humanitarian workers,
and health-care and education services, continue
with impunity and have a disproportionate impact on
women and children.
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
Discussions between community leaders,
displaced persons and the United Nations in Djibo
explore how best to reopen the roads so that food
and critical supplies can enter the town.
(Djibo, Burkina Faso; October 2022) © OCHA/Amadou Cissé
OUR SUPPORT TO
COORDINATION OF
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
69
countries affected and in need
of humanitarian assistance


43
country-level or regional
response plans and appeals
coordinated by the United
Nations
$30B
in humanitarian assistance
mobilized
216M
people targeted for assistance
157M
people assisted
 131
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
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132
Displaced Somali women and children at a water
distribution area in the Kaxareey displacement
settlement in Doolow, where some 15,000
displaced families live less than a mile from the
Ethiopian border.
(Doolow, Somalia; October 2022) © OCHA/Giles Clarke
“We need to put people
in crisis at the centre
of everything we do.
Humanitarian assistance
is not a question of charity
but of affected people’s
rig


hts.”
Martin Griffiths, Under-Secretary-General for
Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief
Coordinator
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
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KEY OBJECTIVES
The United Nations works to ensure coordinated,
coherent, effective and timely humanitarian responses
to save lives and alleviate suffering in disasters,
conflicts and other emergencies. With partners, we
advocate for humanitarian principles, promote respect
for international humanitarian and human rights law
and mobilize resources to prepare for and respond
to crises. Early action and rapid response, including
through anticipatory approaches, remain crucial to
effective coordination. The United Nations also brings
Governments, partners and communities together to
reduce disaster risk and losses.
KEY OUTCOMES
I


n 2022, we coordinated humanitarian response
plans for 216 million people across 69 countries
and territories to ensure that they receive life-saving
assistance and protection. With generous support from
donors, the United Nations and our partners mobilized
$30 billion for these plans – a record, but still 40 per
cent short of the $52 billion required. At the country
level, our partners assisted 157 million people, or 79
per cent of the people originally targeted.
New and deteriorating crises, including in Afghanistan,
Ethiopia, Somalia and Ukraine, were the main focus
of our work in 2022. In Ukraine, the United Nations
and partners delivered humanitarian assistance and
protection to close to  16 million people, including $1.2
billion in unprecedented cash assistance for nearly 6
million Ukrainians. In total, we helped to mobilize $5
billion for Ukraine and the region. We also helped to
facilitate the Black Sea Initiative, which cleared the
passage of grain through the Black Sea. Together wit


h
the Memorandum of Understanding on promoting
Russian food products and fertilizers to the world
markets, this Initiative reconnected a critical source
of food and fertilizer supplies to world markets, easing
pressure on global food security and ultimately helping
millions of people.
The United Nations and partners continued to deliver
support in Afghanistan. Over 26 million people, in
particular women and girls, received humanitarian
assistance and protection, including in previously
inaccessible locations. In Pakistan, heavy rains and
floods affected 33 million people, with 8 million people
displaced. We supported the government-led disaster
response with life-saving and livelihood assistance
while preventing the outbreak of communicable
diseases.
A joint team of humanitarian agencies conducts an
assessment mission at a relocation site in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo following the
eruption of Mount Nyiragongo in September 2021.
(Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo; June 2022)


 © OCHA/Alioune N’Diaye
57% of funding needs met in 2022
$9B
$7B
2009
2022
102M
216M
people targeted
for assistance
$30B
mobilized
 for response
plans
76M
2014
2022
324M
people in
need of
assistance
$52B
required for
humanitarian
plans and
appeals
324M people in need in 2022
The high figures for 2020 reflect
the acute needs created
by the COVID-19 pandemic
102M
216M
people targeted
for assistance
76M
2014
2022
324M
people in
need of
assistance
$52B
required for
humanitarian
plans and
appeals
EFFECTIVE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
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IN 2022, THE UNITED NATIONS HELPED TO MOBILIZE
$30 BILLION OF THE $52 BILLION NEEDED TO ASSIST
216 MILLION PEOPLE IN 69 COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES
Chad $304M / 59%
Burkina Faso $338M / 42%
Niger $386M / 70%
Nigeria $754M / 67%
Democra


tic Republic of the Congo $956M / 51%
Cameroon $207M / 55%
Central African Republic $438M / 95%
Burundi $94M / 52%
Occupied Palestinian Territory $402M / 79%
Ukraine regional $1,313M / 73%
Ukraine flash appeal $3,624M / 84%
Libya $94M / 83%
Mali $275M / 40%
Sudan $1,046M / 54%
Lebanon Emergency Response Plan $285M / 75%
Ethiopia $1,686M / 51%
Kenya flash appeal $165M / 57%
Yemen $2,285M / 53%
Somalia $1,861M / 82%
Mozambique $280M / 72%
Horn of Africa and Yemen
(regional migrant response
plan 2021–2024) $32M / 77%
Madagascar flash appeal $178M / 81%
Malawi flash appeal $20M / 68%
South Sudan $1,215M / 72%
Rohingyas joint response plan
$555M / 63%
Sri Lanka
non-humanitarian response plan
$127M / 85%
Myanmar $343M / 41%
Philippines
non-humanitarian response plan
$93M / 55%
Pakistan $337M / 71%
Iraq $336M / 84%
Colombia $107M / 38%
El Salvador $31M / 27%
Guatemala $57M / 37%
Cuba non-humanitarian response plan $7M / 18%
Honduras $68M / 44%
Democratic Republic of the Congo regional $382M / 59%
S


outh Sudan regional $735M / 62%
Mozambique flash appeal $14M / 29%
Haiti flash appeal $14M / 10%
Haiti $186M / 50%
Afghanistan $3,335M / 75%
Afghanistan regional $318M / 51 %
Syrian Arab Republic regional $1,742M / 29%
Syrian Arab Republic $2,176M / 49%
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Regional $666M / 37%
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela $276M / 35%
Humanitarian funding received
Percentage of requirements funded
The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names and related data shown on maps are not guaranteed to be error free, nor do they necessarily imply official
endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
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The FSO Safer
tanker: preventing
a humanitarian
and environmental
catastrophe
Under the overall coordination of
the


 United Nations Resident and
Humanitarian Coordinator for
Yemen, and under the programmatic
leadership of the United Nations
Development Programme, the United
Nations Development Programme
is engaged in a global operation to
remove more than a million barrels of
oil from the decaying FSO Safer tanker
off the Red Sea coast of Yemen, which
poses the threat of a humanitarian
and environmental catastrophe. A
major spill would devastate fishing
communities on the country’s Red
Sea coast, likely wipe out 200,000
livelihoods instantly, expose whole
communities to life-threatening toxins
and affect millions with polluted air.
It would also result in the closure of
the Hudaydah and Salif ports, which
are essential to bringing food, fuel and
life-saving supplies into Yemen, where
17 million people need food assistance.
A girl reads in the learning space supported by
United Nations partners in Kabul.
(Kabul; November 2022) © OCHA/Sayed Habib Bidell
The decaying FSO Safer tanker off the coast of


Ra’s Isa in Yemen is a humanitarian and
environmental threat.
(Ra's Isa, Yemen; June 2022) © Holm Akhdar
Hunger and food insecurity had reached record levels
by the end of 2022. Close to 260 million people across
58 countries and territories needed urgent food and
nutrition assistance, including 35 million people at risk
of starvation and 376,000 suffering from famine-like
conditions.
Responding to historic drought and the risk of famine
in the Horn of Africa, the United Nations and partners
assisted 17 million people. In Yemen, the United Nations
and partners reached over 10.5 million people every
month with humanitarian support, including food for
15 million of the most vulnerable.
Our Central Emergency Response Fund and country-
based pooled funds remained indispensable.
Disbursing $2 billion, they catalysed life-saving
assistance, including in underfunded crises. Some
$595 million of the funds facilitated early, scaled-up
and sustained responses to food insecurity. In the
Horn of Africa,


$194 million unlocked critical cash and
nutrition assistance, food, medical services, shelter
and clean water. In Afghanistan, our funds allocated
$289 million to meet dire humanitarian needs.
Central Emergency Respond Fund
Country-based pooled funds
in United States dollars
United Nations country-based pooled funds critical to response
836M
1.02B
1.01B
1.23B
908M
501M
538M
848M
548M
735M
2018
2022
CENTRAL EMERGENCY
RESPONSE FUND
• Enabled lifesaving assistance to 33M people across
42 countries
• Allocated a record $250M to 22M people in underfunded
crises in 23 countries in Africa, Asia, the Americas and
the Middle East
• 17M women and girls and 2M persons with disabilities
assisted
 • 16% of humanitarian assistance delivered as cash and
voucher assistance
COUNTRY-BASED POOLED
FUNDS
• 47M people assisted in 19 countries
• 24M women and girls, 21M children and 4M persons
with disabilities assisted
• 750+ partners and 1,400+ projects funded
• Funding to local partners reached record levels
(


$413M, 36% of total funding)
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An internally displaced woman from Sirwah arrives
at Al Sumya camp in Ma'rib, Yemen.
(Ma'rib, Yemen; October 2022) © OCHA/YPN-Jihad Al-Nahari
In Focus: complex risks drive record
displacement
103M people displaced by violence and conflict as of November 2022
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Source: UNHCR, November 2022.
1990
2000
2010
2021 2022
>1 in 103
people
worldwide
displaced by
violence
An additional 32.6M people internally displaced by natural disasters in
148 countrie


s and territories
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Source: Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
* May also include tsunamis
Total internal displacements caused by natural disasters by type
in 2021 and 2022
New internal displacements caused by natural disasters
(in millions)
10M
11M
19M
7M
0.8M
2.3M
Floods
Droughts
Storms (cyclones)
Wildfres
Storms (other)
Landslides
Earthquakes*
Volcanic eruptions*
Landslides
256,000
2M
451,000
40,000
366,000
53,000
665,000
663,000
36,000
3,700
13,000
99,000
Geophysical 2022: 716,000 (decreased from 1.3 million in 2021)
Weather related 2022: 32 million (increased from 22.3 million in 2021)
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
2022
2021
2021
2021
2022
2022
2022
Investing in anticipatory crisis action: the Complex Risk Analytics Fund (CRAF’d)
CRAF’d is an innovative financing instrument that mobilizes $20 million
each year to harness the potential of data for smarter crisis action. As a
multilateral partnership, CRAF’d invests i


n cutting-edge analytics to help
the United Nations family and its partners anticipate, prevent and address
emergencies. With a growing ecosystem that now encompasses over
100 partners and 40,000 users worldwide, CRAF’d-supported insights
already enhance over $8 billion in international assistance – ensuring aid
reaches people earlier, faster and in a more rapid, targeted and dignified
manner. In 2022, CRAF’d financed data for global good and analytics on
the crisis impact of climate change. Moving forward, CRAF’d will scale its
investments – focused on critical data, risk analytics, local capacity and
a stronger risk data ecosystem.
Learn more
100+
partner organizations
use CRAF’d-supported data
and insights
40,000+
users of CRAF’d-supported
data and analytics
4M+
annual downloads
of CRAF’d-supported data
$8B+
crisis funding
that arrives earlier, faster and
in a more targeted manner
thanks to CRAF’d
141
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AN ASSISTANCE
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OUR SUPPORT TO DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION
6,000+
government officials and
disaster risk stakeholders
trained in 2022, of whom
41% were women
462M+
people live in cities enrolled in
the "Making Cities Resilient
2030" initiative
156
Member States and Observer
States reported on Sendai
Framework global indicators
through the Sendai Framework
monitor
In 2022, we supported Member States and partners
as they began consultations for the midterm review of
the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. We
also facilitated thematic global dialogues to explore
the interconnected nature of risk. Meanwhile, we
continued to mainstream disaster risk reduction in
humanitarian action. We promoted the use of reliable
risk data to better assist people who are vulnerable to


the effects of climate change. These efforts enhanced
the global understanding of risk drivers, vulnerability
and exposure. Our joined-up analytics strengthened
disaster risk plans, scenarios and financing decisions,
including the United Nations humanitarian needs
overviews and common country analysis.
Authorities carry out a disaster simulation exercise
in Mozambique to mark the International Day for
Disaster Risk Reduction on 13 October 2022.
(Maputo; October 2022) © UNDRR/Brice Blondel
143
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2015
2016
2017
2018
2018
2019
2019
2020
2020
2021
2021
2022
2022
55
62
84
95
113
123
123
126
Countries using the Sendai Framework monitor
88
130
143
155
156
Countries with disaster risk redu


ction strategies
Growing numbers of countries tap
into global expertise on disaster risk
reduction
Rebuilding houses after tropical Cyclone Batsirai brought torrential rain, flooding and
high winds across Madagascar in February 2022, resulting in death, mass displacement
and damage to infrastructure.
(Mananjary, Madagascar; February 2022) © OCHA/Viviane Rakotoarivony
“We must shift from
managing disasters to
managing risk. That means
building the resilience of
our communities before
disasters and ensuring our
actions do not contribute
to our vulnerability or
exposure.”
Mami Mizutori, Assistant Secretary-General and
Special Representative of the Secretary-General
for Disaster Risk Reduction
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
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Promotion of
Justice and
International
Law
The In


ternational Court of Justice holds a hearing
in the Great Hall of Justice.
 (The Hague, Netherlands; April 2022) © UN Photo/Frank van Beek
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Legal services for the United Nations as a whole
 Legal services for United Nations organs

 and funds and programmes
 Extraordinary international accountability mechanisms

 Custody, registration and publication of treaties
 Development and codification of international law
 Law of the sea and ocean affairs
International trade
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$220M
 $104M regular assessed, $4M peacekeeping
 assessed (2021/2022), $90M other assessed
and $22M voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 Charter of the United Nations
 Progressive development and codification of
 international law: International Law Commission,
 General Assembly resolutions 94 (1) and 77/103
 Teaching, study, dissemination and wider
 appreciation of international law, General
 Assembly resolutions 2099 (XX) and 77/102
 Strengthening and promoting the international
 treaty framework, Genera


l Assembly
 resolutions 97(1), 73/210 and 76/120
 Progressive harmonization and unification of
 the law of international trade: United Nations
 Commission on International Trade Law, General
Assembly resolutions 2205 (XXI) and 77/99
 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, General
Assembly resolutions 52/26, 77/118 and 77/248
Promotion and furtherance of international justice:
General Assembly resolutions 57/228 B, 71/248 and
75/257 B; Security Council resolutions 1315 (2000), 1966
(2010), 1757 (2007) and 2379 (2017); and Human Rights
Council resolution 39/2
SELECT ENTITIES
 Office of Legal Affairs
 International Court of Justice
 International accountability mechanisms
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
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CONTEXT
The principles of j


ustice and international law, as well
as the peaceful settlement of disputes, are enshrined
in the first two Articles of the Charter of the United
Nations. These principles therefore constitute
the very foundation upon which the international
community cooperates.
KEY OBJECTIVES
The United Nations promotes justice and international
law through various actions and mandates, such
as those related to oceans and law of the sea,
international trade, treaties and international
agreements, peace operations, international tribunals
and other international accountability mechanisms,
and sanctions. In addition, the International Court
of Justice, the principal judicial organ of the United
Nations, settles legal disputes submitted by States
and provides advisory opinions on legal questions.
António Guterres, Secretary-General, addresses
the General Assembly to commemorate the
fortieth anniversary of the adoption and signature
of the United Nations Convention on the Law of
the Sea.
(New York; Dece


mber 2022) © UN Photo/Eskinder Debebe
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PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
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151
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The Security Council votes in the election of a
member of the International Court of Justice.
(New York; November 2022) © UN Photo/Manuel Elías
“Yes, the
United Nations
is relevant. Yes,
international law is
relevant.”
Miguel de Serpa Soares, Under-Secretary-General
for Legal Affairs, the United Nations Legal Counsel
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
PROMOTION OF JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
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F THE ORGANIZATION 2023 153
152
KEY OUTCOMES
The International Court of Justice considered high-
profile cases and delivered judgments on the merits
in the cases of Democratic Republic of the Congo v.
Uganda, Nicaragua v. Colombia and Chile v. Bolivia.
The Court was also seized of four new contentious
cases, including the proceedings between Ukraine and
the Russian Federation, in which the Court indicated
provisional measures.
In December 2022, the General Assembly requested
the International Court of Justice to provide an advisory
opinion on the legal consequences arising from
the policies and practices of Israel in the Occupied
Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem. In
March 2023, the Assembly also requested an advisory
opinion on the obligations of States in respect of
climate change.
Other United Nations or United Nations-assisted
tribunals continued their work. In June 2022, the
Appeals Chamber of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon
sentenced Hassan Habib Merhi and Hussein Hassan


Oneissi, in relation to the 2005 attack in Beirut that
killed the former Prime Minister of Lebanon Rafik Hariri
and 21 others and injured 226 more. In September
2022, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of
Cambodia affirmed the convictions and life sentence
against Khieu Samphan for genocide against the
Vietnamese population, crimes against humanity and
grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions committed
between 1975 and 1979. This ruling completed its
final case.
In its final case, the Supreme Court Chamber
of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of
Cambodia affirms the convictions and life
sentence against Khieu Samphan for genocide,
crimes against humanity and grave breaches of
the Geneva Conventions.
(Phnom Penh; September 2022) © ECCC/Nhet Sokheng
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154
Oceans and the law of the sea remained a priority for
Member States. The second World Ocean Assessment
provided scientific information on the critical role
of oceans and seas as a basis for policymaking
discussions on the triple planetary threats to achieving
the 2030 Agenda: climate change, pollution and
biodiversity loss.
A historic agreement on marine
biodiversity of areas beyond
national jurisdiction
The United Nations facilitated the finalization and
adoption by consensus, in June 2023, of a historic
agreement on marine biodiversity of areas beyond
national jurisdiction after two decades of talks. The
agreement, under the United Nations Convention on
the Law of the Sea, will support the conservation and
sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas
beyond national jurisdiction and can make a significant
contribution to achieving the 2030 Agenda and the
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
Coral ree


f formations in the Caribbean Sea.
(Exact place and date unknown).© UNEP/Kadir van Lohuizen
The moment the historic agreement under the
United Nations Convention on the Law of the
Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of
marine biological diversity of life in areas beyond
national jurisdictions is adopted by consensus
on 19 June 2023.
(New York; June 2023) © UN Photo/Eskinder Debebe
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On international trade law, the United Nations
Commission on International Trade Law adopted a
Model Law on the Use and Cross-border Recognition of
Identity Management and Trust Services. The General
Assembly also adopted the United Nati


ons Convention
on the International Effects of Judicial Sales of Ships,
aimed at enhancing legal protection for purchasers of
ships while safeguarding the interest of shipowners
and creditors.
CHAPTER XII
Navigation 4%
CHAPTER VI
Narcotic Drugs and
Psychotropic Substances 5%
CHAPTER XVIII
Penal Matters 6%
CHAPTER IV
Human Rights 6%
CHAPTER X
International Trade
and Development 7%
CHAPTER XXVII
Environment 11%
OTHER CHAPTERS 20%
CHAPTER XIX
Commodities 16%
CHAPTER XI
Transport and
Communications 17%
CHAPTER III
Privileges and Immunities,
Diplomatic and Consular
Relations, etc. 8%
CHAPTER II Pacific Settlement of
International Disputes
CHAPTER V Refugees and Stateless Persons
CHAPTER VII Traffic in Persons
CHAPTER VIII Obscene Publications
CHAPTER IX Health
CHAPTER XIII Economic Statistics
CHAPTER XIV Educational and Cultural Matters
CHAPTER XV Declaration of Death
of Missing Persons
CHAPTER XVI Status of Women
CHAPTER XVII Freedom of Information
CHAPTER XX Maintenance Obligations
CHAPTER XXI Law of


the Sea
CHAPTER XXII Commercial Arbitration
and Mediation
CHAPTER XXIII Law of Treaties
CHAPTER XXIV Outer space
CHAPTER XXV Telecommunications
CHAPTER XXVI Disarmament
CHAPTER XXVIII Fiscal Matters
CHAPTER XXIX Miscellaneous
MULTILATERAL TREATIES DEPOSITED WITH THE
SECRETARY-GENERAL ADDRESS MATTERS OF WORLDWIDE INTEREST
Multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General, proportion by Chapter (as of March 2023)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1945
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020 2023
Rising number of multilateral treaties deposited with the Secretary-General
2022 Treaty Event
and disarmament
The 2022 Treaty Event renewed
focus on universal participation
in multilateral treaties deposited
with the Secretary-General.
States acted on a range of
multilateral treaties, particularly
in the field of disarmament.
18
643
157
Disarmament
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Multilateral negotiations and deliberations

 Weapons of mass destruction
 Conventional arms
 Infor


mation and outreach
 Regional disarmament
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$40M
 $15M regular assessed and $25M voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 Disarmament, General Assembly resolution S-10/2

 The illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all
 its aspects, General Assembly resolution 76/232
 Role of science and technology in the context
 of international security and disarmament,
 General Assembly resolution 76/24
 Women, disarmament, non-proliferation and arms
control, General Assembly resolution 75/48
 Regional disarmament, General Assembly resolution 76/41
 United Nations study on disarmament and nonproliferation
 education, General Assembly resolution 75/61
 Youth, disarmament and non-proliferation,
General Assembly resolution 76/45
SELECT ENTITIES
Office for Disarmament Affairs
During a First Committee meeting on disarmament
and international security issues, the General
Assembly votes on a draft resolution addressing
information and telecommunications in the
context of international security.


(New York; July 2022) © UN Photo/Loey Felipe
DISARMAMENT
DISARMAMENT
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DISARMAMENT
OUR DISARMAMENT WORK
 43%
increase in States’ reporting on
their arms exports and imports
to the Register of Conventional
Arms
112
arms control-related projects
funded, benefiting 147 Member
States
6
partnerships with sub-Saharan
African countries to promote the
voluntary handover by civilians
of illegally held small arms, as
part of the African Union’s Africa
Amnesty Month initiative
562
qualified experts on the roster
of the Secretary-General’s
Mechanism for Investigation of
Alleged Use of Chemical and
Biological Weapons
CONTEXT
There are mounting concerns over rising global
tensions, active armed conflicts, increased military
spending and heightened nuclear risk, as well as the
threat of other weapons of mass destruction. The


COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance
of adequate preparedness to prevent and respond
to a broader range of risks, including biorisks. The
proliferation and widespread availability of conventional
arms, including illicit small arms and light weapons,
affect international security, and the emergence of new
technologies poses additional challenges.
KEY OBJECTIVES
The United Nations supports multilateral negotiations
and other efforts towards achieving general and
complete disarmament. Our key priorities include
eliminating nuclear weapons, upholding the prohibition
of other weapons of mass destruction, regulating
conventional weapons, responding to the challenges
of emerging weapons technologies and promoting
regional disarmament efforts and public awareness.
António Guterres, Secretary-General, opens the
historic first Meeting of States Parties to the Treaty
on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, held
in Austria.
(Vienna; June 2022) © UNIS Vienna
161
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DISARMAMENT
1


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DISARMAMENT
DISARMAMENT
 163
KEY OUTCOMES
In 2022, we supported Member States with milestone
multilateral disarmament meetings. The first Meeting
of States Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of
Nuclear Weapons, the Eighth Biennial Meeting of States
to Consider the Implementation of the Programme
of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit
Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its
Aspects, and the Ninth Review Conference of the
States Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition
of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of
Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on
Their Destruction all yielded important gains that will
pave the way for future progress. Although the tenth
Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons did not reach
an outcome, States parties engaged in meaningful
discussions, including on reducing nuclear risks


 and
on accountability for nuclear disarmament.
We assisted expert discussions on lethal autonomous
weapons systems. In addition, we supported an
intergovernmental process aimed at ensuring a safe,
secure and peaceful cyber domain, and another on
reducing space threats through norms, rules and
principles.
To advance disarmament on the ground, we helped to
link local ammunition management with disarmament,
demobilization and reintegration, as well as community
violence reduction programmes. We also continued to
support activities on small arms and light weapons
control as part of a comprehensive approach to
sustainable security and development. To reduce illicit
arms flows, we worked with the African Union and
six countries to collect illegally held small arms. As
a result, more than 9,500 weapons were destroyed.
The Conference on Disarmament meets in Geneva to negotiate arms control and
multilateral disarmament agreements.
(Geneva; June 2022) © UN Photo/Jean Marc Ferré
“The world needs a n


ew
vision for disarmament, one
that takes into account the
geopolitical, technological
and cultural changes that
have accelerated in recent
years.”
Izumi Nakamitsu, Under-Secretary-General and
High Representative for Disarmament Affairs
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DISARMAMENT
Customs officers in the Dominican Republic
being trained on arms, ammunition and trade
control in the context of Security Council
resolution 1540 (2004) and the non-proliferation
of weapons of mass destruction.
(Santo Domingo; October 2022) © UNLIREC
Destruction of small arms and light weapons, 2016–2021
Destruction of small arms and light weapons from 2016 to 2021, as reported biennially in the Programme of Action on Small Arms
national reports from Member States
2016-201


7
2018-2019
2020-2021
756,000
473,000
573,000
165
0
500
1,000
1,500
2 000
2 500
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Global military expenditure increased to a record $2.2 trillion
World military expenditure by region 1988–2022
Note: The absence of data for the Soviet Union in 1991 means that no total can be calculated for that year
Source: SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, April 2023.
Africa
Europe
Middle East
Americas
Asia and Oceania
Military expenditure (constant 2021 US$ billion)
DISARMAMENT
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166
We supported States in advancing a political declaration
on strengthening the protection of civilians from the
humanitarian consequences arising from the use
of explosive weapons in populated areas. Over 80
States endorsed the declaration. We also continued
to empower women, young people and other partners
thr


ough our Disarmament Education Dashboard and
Youth for Disarmament initiative.
At the regional level in Latin America and the Caribbean,
we helped with national action plans and monitoring
frameworks to advance the Road Map for Implementing
the Caribbean Priority Actions on the Illicit Proliferation
of Firearms and Ammunition across the Caribbean in
a Sustainable Manner by 2030. We also worked with
national authorities in Africa, Asia and the Pacific,
and Latin America and the Caribbean on small arms
control and the prevention of gender-based violence.
Testing the readiness of the Secretary-General’s
Mechanism for Investigation of Alleged Use of
Chemical and Biological Weapons.
 (Berlin; September 2022) © UNODA
Secretary-General’s Mechanism
for Investigation of Alleged
Use of Chemical and Biological
Weapons
Through a 10-day field exercise, we worked on
strengthening the operational readiness of the
Secretary-General’s Mechanism for Investigation of
Alleged Use of Chemical and Biological W


eapons.
The goal of the exercise was to ensure that this vital
investigation tool would be ready for use if needed.
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DISARMAMENT
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2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
5
5
5
7
8
9
17
17
17
19
19
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
First Committee resolutions 2010–2022 containing
mention of gender perspectives and women’s
participation in disarmament
Resolution on women, disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control
Other resolutions containing mention of “gender” or “women”
Resolution containing reference to diversity
Total number of resolutions adopted each year
55
47
54
48
57
55
64
54
63
56
61
56
66
To tackle illicit firearms trafficking, authorities in
Dominica are trained in X-ray technology to detect
and identify small arms, their parts and
components, ammunition and explosives that are
placed or


 concealed in postal shipments,
packages, parcels and luggage at entry, exit and
transit points.
(Roseau; November 2022) © UNLIREC
Group of Governmental Experts on Nuclear Disarmament Verification
40% women
60% men
40% women
60% men
Group of Governmental Experts on the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms
8 women
7 men
Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters
13 women
11 men
United Nations Disarmament Fellowship, Training and Advisory Services Programme
Gender parity in disarmament
In line with the Secretary-General’s Agenda for Disarmament, launched in 2018, the United Nations is continuing to make progress in the
full and equal participation of women in all decision-making processes related to disarmament and international security.
Protecting civilians against explosive weapons in populated areas
States that endorsed the Political Declaration on Strengthening the Protection of Civilians from the Humanitarian Consequences Arising from the Use
of Explosive Weapons in Populated Areas
Dominican


Republic
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Canada
United States of America
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Mexico
El Salvador
Guatemala
Switzerland
Senegal
Liberia
Togo
Sierra Leone
Morocco
Monaco
Netherlands
Cabo Verde
Spain
Andorra
Portugal
Ireland
France
Georgia
Norway
Denmark
Sweden
Romania
Serbia
Central African Republic
Czechia
Croatia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Finland
Slovakia
Hungary
Liechtenstein
Iceland
Luxembourg
Belgium
United Kingdom
Republic of Moldova
Malawi
Comoros
Japan
Republic of Korea
Kuwait
State of
Palestine
Qatar

Kenya
Somalia
Australia
Philippines
Palau
Italy
Holy See
San Marino
Malta
Albania
Slovenia
Cyprus
Türkiye
Bulgaria
Austria
Greece
Madagascar
Maldives
Lao People’s
Democratic
Republic
Cambodia
Malaysia
Indonesia
Kiribati
Côte d’Ivoire
Germany
Costa Rica
Argentina
New Zealand
Uruguay
Chile
Brazil
Peru
Ecuador
Guyana
Colombia
169
Drug Control,
Crime
Prevention
and Combating
Terrorism
KEY PROGRAMMES
 Countering the world drug problem

 Countering transnational organized crime
 Co


untering terrorism and preventing violent extremism
 Countering corruption
 Justice
 Research, trend analysis and forensics
 Policy support
 Technical assistance
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
 $452M

 $28M regular assessed and $424M voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy:

 seventh review, General Assembly resolution 75/291
 Strengthening the capability of the United Nations
 system to assist Member States in implementing
 the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism
 Strategy, General Assembly resolution 71/291
 United Nations Convention against Corruption
 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961
 as amended by the 1972 Protocol
 Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971
 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988
 United Nations Convention against Transnational
 Organized Crime and the Protocols thereto
 Strengthening the United Nations crime prevention and
 criminal justice programme, in particul


ar its technical
 cooperation capacity, General Assembly resolution 77/237
SELECT ENTITIES
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Office of Counter-Terrorism
“Advancing the rights and needs of victims of
terrorism”: the first United Nations Global Congress
of Victims of Terrorism is held in New York on
8 and 9 September 2022.
(New York; September 2022) © UN Photo/Paulo Filgueiras
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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Young people participate in a Coding4Integrity
hackathon to develop information and
communications technologies that address
corruption and enhance transparency.
(São Paulo, Brazil; September 2022) ©UNODC
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
CONTEXT
The compounding effects of climate change, COVID-
19, political instability,


 war and displacement are
exacerbating drug problems, organized crime,
corruption and terrorism, especially in crisis settings
and vulnerable areas. Links between illicit trade,
financial flows and trafficking in all its forms are a
growing concern, while terrorism continues to threaten
international peace and security, particularly in conflict
areas where terrorists exploit fragilities.
KEY OBJECTIVES
The United Nations supports Member States in tackling
issues related to drugs, crime and terrorism. We assist
in setting and implementing international standards
and norms on crime prevention and criminal justice
and help to ensure compliance with obligations
in multilateral instruments on drugs, corruption,
transnational organized crime and terrorism.
OUR SUPPORT TO CRIME
PREVENTION, DRUG CONTROL
AND ANTI-CORRUPTION
29,500
people with drug use disorders
reached through treatment, care
and rehabilitation initiatives
1,100
practitioners trained in
developing quality assurance
mechanisms a


nd 1,500
policymakers trained on drug
use disorders, drug prevention,
treatment, care and rehabilitation
responses
1,150+
psychoactive substances from
137 countries monitored, and
people provided with information
through 87,000+ online visits
3,100+
anti-corruption practitioners,
members of the judiciary and
prosecutors from 44 countries
trained in detecting, investigating,
or prosecuting corruption cases
through 50 capacity-building
activities
63
investigations of trafficking in
persons conducted, 493 victims
rescued and 40 suspects arrested
under our regional initiative to
combat trafficking in persons
2,000+
young people and 342 sports
counsellors and teachers
engaged in prevention through
sports initiatives in the Middle
East and North Africa
173
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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NERAL ON THE WORK OF THE ORGANIZATION 2023
KEY OUTCOMES
CRIME PREVENTION AND COUNTERING TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME
On issues related to cybercrime, we facilitated  five
intergovernmental sessions and five multi-stakeholder
consultations to negotiate a draft convention to
address the use of information and communications
technologies for criminal purposes, which is expected
to be presented to the General Assembly at its seventy-
eighth session. We also supported 60 countries in
countering and preventing cybercrime. In six countries,
we helped to establish digital forensic laboratories for
cryptocurrencies. We also worked with Governments in
Latin America and the Caribbean in multistakeholder
partnerships to educate over 56,000 young people on
cybercrime in age-, gender- and disability-sensitive
exhibitions in children’s museums.
To help to tackle illegal deforestation, our joint
programme with the International Criminal Police
Organization (INTERPOL) assisted countries in
detecting corruption


 and fraud in the forestry sector
and disrupted five criminal organizations.
“It is only through enhanced
multilateral cooperation
that we will be able to
launch sustainable and
effective responses and
strengthen resilience
against terrorism.”
Vladimir Voronkov, Under-Secretary-General of
the Office of Counter-Terrorism
“We are committed to
supporting justice,
integrity and the rule of
law – foundations that are
needed to overcome any
crisis, and to protect and
help the people we serve
across the globe.”
Ghada Waly, Executive Director, United Nations
Office on Drugs and Crime
174
In 2022, we continued to assist Member States on
criminal justice. We helped to train 2,700 prison officers
and criminal justice practitioners in 30 national prison
services in the safe, secure and humane custody of
prisoners based on the United Nations Standard
Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the
Nelson Mandela Rules) and the United Nations Rules for
the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Noncusto


dial
Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules).
We also provided guidance on how to correctly classify
and better treat prisoners, as well as on the handling
of special categories of prisoners.
To counter organized crime, we helped six Member
States to develop their strategies and trained over 250
policymakers from 47 countries on the implementation
of the United Nations Convention against Transnational
Organized Crime. We assisted 29 countries in drafting
or revising firearms legislation, 4  countries with
legislation on trafficking in persons and 1 country
with legislation on the smuggling of migrants.
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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COUNTERING THE WORLD
DRUG PROBLEM
We continued to address the world drug problem. Our
drugs monitoring platform provided a multi-source
system for collecting, visualizing and sharing drug dat


a,
including geographical insights on drug-trafficking
trends. Building on this and on our remote-sensing
expertise using satellite imagery, we established
an information centre in Uzbekistan for impartial
monitoring of drugs and crime in Afghanistan and
their impact on surrounding countries. We also helped
to create more monitoring capacity.
To promote alternative livelihoods in communities
that cultivate illicit crops, we supported the export of
300,000 tons of coffee to Europe with the fair trade
certification, generating profitable and sustainable
income for 2,000 households in Bolivia (Plurinational
State of), the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
and Myanmar.
We expanded the capacity of service providers in Egypt
and Pakistan on opioid agonist therapy and trained over
1,100 police officers from Cambodia, Thailand and Viet
Nam on how to strengthen the partnership between
law enforcement, civil society and the health sector.
Supporting air and port cargo patrol
units: seizures in 2022
25


M
pieces of intellectual property
rights-related goods
10M
pieces of falsified and
undeclared medical products
864 tons
of chemical precursors
275 tons of cocaine
8 tons of heroin
265,000 pieces of firearms,
ammunition, and parts of explosives
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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As part of the Strong Families prevention
programme, children join caregivers and
facilitators in a workshop on caring for children in
crisis situations.
(Kandahar, Afghanistan; June 2022) © UNODC
176
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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With support from the United Nations, teams
participate in the first-ever maritime rule of law
exercise to combat illicit maritime activi


ties in
Seychelles.
(Victoria; November 2022) © UNODC
The High-level International Conference on Human
Rights, Civil Society and Counter-Terrorism, held in
Málaga, was the first international conference
dedicated to civil society and human rights in
counter-terrorism.
(Málaga, Spain; May 2022) © UNOCT
The first High-
level International
Conference on Human
Rights, Civil Society
and Counter-Terrorism
Together with the Government of
Spain, we organized in Málaga the first
High-level International Conference
on Human Rights, Civil Society
and Counter-Terrorism. Over 430
participants, including representatives
of Member States, regional and
international organizations, United
Nations entities and civil society
organizations, discussed how to
meaningfully engage civil society
in counter-terrorism efforts and to
promote human rights- and rule of law-
compliant responses to terrorism.
179
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DRUG CONTROL, CRIME P


REVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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DRUG CONTROL, CRIME PREVENTION AND COMBATING TERRORISM
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We fostered partnerships in Africa. In Marrakech,
Morocco, we brought together heads of counter-
terrorism and security agencies from West Africa in
the first high-level event to discuss capacity-building
and training. We also supported Member States in East
Africa in their efforts to counter terrorism and prevent
violent extremism.
The link between technology and terrorism remained a
focus. We assisted Member States in leveraging new
and emerging technologies for counter-terrorism and
addressing the risks from their misuse.
We also addressed the risk of nuclear terrorism. We
trained over 500 officials f


rom 120 countries on the
International Convention for the Suppression of Acts
of Nuclear Terrorism, with the help of new manuals,
fictional training cases and a new e-learning course.
TERRORISM PREVENTION
Setting a critical milestone, we organized the first
United Nations Global Congress of Victims of Terrorism
in New York. It brought together over 600 participants,
including 100 victims of terrorism from 25 Member
States, to foster stronger global solidarity in support of
victims of terrorism. The Congress  provided a major
advocacy and engagement platform for victim-centric
approaches to countering terrorism and preventing
violent extremism.
Two new members joined the United Nations Global
Counter-Terrorism Coordination Compact in 2022,
making it the largest coordination mechanism in the
Organization. Over 1,000 focal points from 136 Member
States, 45 entities and 13 international and regional
organizations now collaborate across our Global
Counter-Terrorism Coordination Platform to facili


tate
the work of the Compact.
Heads of counter-terrorism and security agencies
from West Africa meet in the first high-level event
to discuss capacity-building and training.
(Marrakech, Morocco; June 2022) © UNOCT
OUR COUNTER-TERRORISM WORK
13,000+
people trained through 212
capacity-building activities to
promote counter-terrorism
efforts
1,000
focal points from 45 Compact
entities and 136 Member
States connected as part of
the United Nations Global
Counter-Terrorism Coordination
Platform
210
high-level bilateral meetings
with Member States, United
Nations entities, international
and regional organizations
and other partners
14
high-level and 12 regional
conferences on technical issues
relating to counter-terrorism
organized, as well as 3 civil
society round tables
United Nations Global Counter-
Terrorism Coordination Compact
numbers
8
inter-agency Working
Groups
13
international
and regional
organizations
45
Compact
entities
136
Member
States
1,000
focal
points
2,90


0
documents
shared
192,000
visits to the online
United Nations Global
Counter-Terrorism
Coordination Platform
 181
Effective
Functioning
of the
Organization
KEY PROGRAMMES
 General Assembly affairs and conference management

 Global communications
 Oversight
 Management strategy, policy and compliance
 Offices away from Headquarters
 Operational support
INDICATIVE RESOURCES
$1.7B
 $1.3B regular assessed, $353M peacekeeping assessed

(2021/2022) and $71M voluntary contributions
SELECT MANDATES
 Shifting the management paradigm in the United Nations,

General Assembly resolutions 72/266 A and B, and 73/281
 Human resources management, General
Assembly resolution 77/278
 Procurement, General Assembly resolution 69/273
 Multilingualism, General Assembly resolution 76/268
 Post-traumatic stress disorder framework,
General Assembly resolution 76/275
Pattern of conferences, General Assembly resolution 77/255
 Questions relating to the proposed programme budget
 for 2023, General Assembly resolution 77/262