SEC Filing Document

Company: T. Rowe Price Active Crypto ETF
Ticker: 
CIK: 2089855
Filing Type: S-1/A
Document Type: S-1/A
Date Filed: 2026-05-15
Accession Number: 0001999371-26-010860
Exchange: 
SIC Code: 6221
SIC Description: Commodity Contracts Brokers & Dealers
URL: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2089855/000199937126010860/tknz-s1a_051526.htm

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Dogecoin Network and Dogecoin aim to improve the ease and affordability of transferring value while fostering a fun and inclusive community around the crypto asset. Dogecoin was originally developed by software engineers as a lighthearted take on the rapidly emerging crypto asset market in 2013. They believed that existing crypto assets at the time, such as Bitcoin, had overly grandiose goals to “change the world,” and launched Dogecoin as a fun, community-driven, and lighthearted alternative. The project adopted a popular internet meme – a photograph of a Shiba Inu dog named Kabosu, as its brand image and mascot, and chose the name “Dogecoin” in reference to the dog as a way of emphasizing the fun and friendly aspects of the project. The use of an internet meme as inspiration for the project later caused users to refer to Dogecoin as a memecoin and sparked the creation of many competitor memecoins.

Built on the framework of Litecoin
Blockchain, Dogecoin Blockchain uses a simplified and energy-efficient proof-of-work mechanism using the Scrypt algorithm, which allows
for faster transaction processing compared to Bitcoin Blockchain. Relative to Bitcoin, which utilizes the SHA-256 cryptographic algorithm,
the Dogecoin Blockchain is optimized for speed, processing transactions in approximately one minute, as opposed to approximately 10 minutes
for bitcoin, and is energy-efficient compared to many other blockchain systems. The fast settlement times are useful for microtransactions
and everyday payments. The Dogecoin Blockchain also has scalability, capable of handling significant transaction volumes without significant
delays and low transaction fees. Dogecoin reportedly also had a “fair launch,” which means that no single person or entity
received grants of Dogecoin prior to the launch; instead, all new Dogecoin has been earned in the market through mining activity.

Transactions are validated on the
Dogecoin Blockchain by a network of independent nodes. These nodes participate in securing and updating the ledger through a proof-of-work
mechanism. Any participant can run a node to validate transactions and contribute to the health and integrity of the network. Unlike permissioned
systems, the Dogecoin Blockchain operates in a fully decentralized and permissionless manner, allowing anyone to join and participate
in the network without requiring approval or relying on trusted entities.

The process begins when a user submits
a transaction to the Dogecoin Network. The submitted transaction is broadcast to nodes within the network. Miners, who act as validators,
then group transactions into blocks and compete to solve a computational puzzle as part of the proof-of-work process. The first miner
to successfully solve the puzzle adds their block of transactions to the blockchain. Once a block is added, it is shared with all nodes
in the network, which validate the new block and ensure that it conforms to the blockchain’s rules. This decentralized process ensures
the accuracy and security of the Dogecoin Blockchain.

Notably, Dogecoin miners may engage
in “merged mining” with the Litecoin network, because Dogecoin and Litecoin use the same Scrypt-based proof-of-work consensus
mechanism. Merged mining occurs when a single miner mines blocks on two chains at once. The process allows the smaller chain to benefit
from the security of the larger chain, but can introduce risks of centralization and conflicts of interest.

Before engaging in Dogecoin transactions,
a user generally must first install Dogecoin wallet software on their computer or mobile device. This software allows the user to generate
a private and public key pair associated with a Dogecoin address. The Dogecoin wallet enables the user to connect to the blockchain and
transfer Dogecoin to, and receive Dogecoin from, other users. Each Dogecoin address, or wallet, is associated with a unique public key
and private key pair.

Dogecoin can be held in various types
of wallets, including hardware wallets, software wallets, and custodial wallets. A wallet stores the private keys that control the account
on the Dogecoin Blockchain. The private key is essential for signing transactions on the blockchain. Whoever possesses the private key
associated with a Dogecoin account effectively controls the Dogecoin held by that account.

However, if a user loses or deletes
their private key, they may permanently lose access to the Dogecoin in the associated wallet.

When sending Dogecoin, the
user’s wallet software must validate the transaction with the private key. This digitally signed transaction is then broadcast
to the Dogecoin Network, where miners validate and confirm it through the proof-of-work process. Since every computation on the
Dogecoin Network requires processing power, there is a small transaction fee paid by the sender. This fee ensures that the network
remains efficient and incentivizes miners to process transactions.

Some Dogecoin transactions are conducted
“off-blockchain” and are therefore not recorded on the Dogecoin Blockchain. These “off-blockchain transactions”
involve the transfer of control over, or ownership of, a specific digital wallet holding Dogecoin or the reallocation of ownership of
certain Dogecoin in a pooled-ownership digital wallet, such as a wallet owned by a crypto asset trading platform. In contrast to on-blockchain
transactions, which are publicly recorded on the Dogecoin Blockchain, information and data regarding off-blockchain transactions are
generally not publicly available. Therefore, off-blockchain transactions are not true Dogecoin Network transactions, as they do not involve
the transfer of transaction data on the Dogecoin Blockchain and do not reflect the movement of Dogecoin between addresses recorded on
the ledger. For these reasons, off-blockchain transactions are subject to risks. Any such transfer of Dogecoin ownership is not protected
by the protocol underlying the Dogecoin Blockchain and is not recorded or validated through the blockchain’s decentralized ledger
mechanism.

HBAR (Hedera Network)

The Hedera Network is a public distributed
ledger technology network that enables people to interact and transact online efficiently and securely without the need for third-party
companies, which often collect and sell their users’ personal information. The purpose of the Hedera Network is to provide a stable,
trustworthy network for a wide variety of decentralized, enterprise-grade applications. Although the primary purpose of the Hedera Network
is not to operate a payments system or store of value, like most public DLT networks, the Hedera Network requires a crypto asset to properly
operate and incentivize consensus and behavior on the DLT network. HBAR is the native crypto asset of the Hedera Network. HBAR are used
to power decentralized applications, build peer-to-peer transactional models, and protect the network from malicious actors.

The Hedera Network works through a
type of distributed consensus technology based on the “hashgraph” consensus algorithm. The combination of the consensus algorithm
and corresponding data structure of the Hedera Network is different from most other prominent DLT networks that are based on blockchain
technology.

Like blockchains and other DLTs, the
Hedera Network allows online communities to create a shared, trustworthy database without the need for third-party intermediaries. Other
DLT networks face trade-offs between performance and security (if they are faster, they are less secure; if they are more secure, they
are forced to slow down). In contrast, according to Hedera, hashgraph based transactions are processed at speeds that can be orders of
magnitude faster than on a blockchain, and offers higher levels of security needed for distributed networks.

According to Hedera, developers and
enterprises can use the Hedera Network’s services (crypto assets, smart contracts, file, and Hedera Consensus Service) to create
applications that run on top of the network. The Hedera Network supports the potential for an exceptionally wide range of applications
— from music-streaming services to pharmaceutical supply chain management to energy microgrids to multi-player online games.

The Hedera Network is built on the
hashgraph distributed consensus algorithm, invented by Dr. Leemon Baird and subsequently patented by Swirlds, Inc. in 2016. Swirlds has
granted to Hedera an exclusive non-transferable, perpetual right and license to using hashgraph technology for the limited and sole purpose
of making the Hedera Network. The hashgraph data structure and consensus algorithm provides a novel platform for distributed consensus.

The Hedera Network is governed by
the Hedera Governing Council (Hedera Council), a rotating group of global organizations that span across multiple industries and geographies.
The primary responsibilities of Hedera Council members are to: (i) participate in the governance of the Hedera Network; and (ii) host
and maintain a node on the Hedera Network. Hedera Council members contribute their expertise and experience in Hedera Council deliberations
and decision-making relating to software updates, Hedera Treasury management, network pricing, regulatory compliance, and other key governance
matters.

Each Hedera Council member holds an
equal ownership interest in the Hedera Network and has equal voting rights on governance matters. The Hedera Council membership does not
confer any economic interest in Hedera, such as rights to dividends or a share of profits. Other than Swirlds, Inc. (which has a permanent
Hedera Council seat), each Hedera Council member is term-limited to two consecutive three-year terms, and members will accordingly rotate
on and off the Hedera Council. The Hedera Council also votes on proposals to upgrade the Hedera Network software and other features, although
the source code and protocols for the Hedera Network are capable of being developed in an open- or closed-source environment for distributed
applications.