Year 7 Term 1 9 1.5.7 Matter, separating mixtures 3.5.2 Exploring solutions Mixtures, including dissolving Explain the terms solvent, solution, solute and soluble. • Describe the effect of temperature on solubility. • Analyse patterns and present data to explain solubility. Worksheet 1.5.7; Practical sheet 1.5.7; Technician’s notes 1.5.7 Year 7 Term 1 9 1.5.8 Matter, separating mixtures 3.5.2 Understanding distillation Simple techniques for separating mixtures: distillation Use distillation to separate substances. Explain why distillation can purify substances. Devise ways to separate mixtures, based on their properties. Worksheet 1.5.8a; Worksheet 1.5.8b; Practical sheet 1.5.8; Technician’s notes 1.5.8 Year 7 Term 1 10 1.5.9 Matter, separating mixtures 3.5.2 Exploring chromatography Simple techniques for separating mixtures: chromatography The identification of pure substances Use chromatography to separate dyes. Use evidence from chromatography to identify unknown substances in a mixture. Worksheet 1.5.9; Technician’s notes 1.5.9 Year 7 Term 1 10/11 End of chapter assessment Book 1, Chapter 8: Organisms – Movement and Year 7 Term 1 11 1.8.1 Organisms, Movement 3.8.1 Exploring the human skeleton The structure and functions of the human skeleton, to include support, protection, movement and making blood cells Identify bones of the human skeleton. Describe the roles of the skeleton. Explain why we have different shapes and of bones. Worksheet 1.8.1; Technician’s notes 1.8.1 Year 7 Term 1 11 1.8.2 Organisms, Movement 3.8.1 Understanding the role of joints and muscles Biomechanics – the interaction between skeleton and muscles, including the measurement of force exerted by different muscles Describe the roles of tendons, ligaments, joints and muscles. Identify muscles used in different movements. Compare different joints in the skeleton. Worksheet 1.8.2
Year 7 Term 1 12 1.8.3 Organisms, Movement 3.8.1 Examining interacting muscles The function of muscles and examples of antagonistic muscles Describe antagonistic muscles and give examples. Explain how antagonistic muscles bring about movement using scientific vocabulary Plan an investigation to compare muscle strengths Worksheet 1.8.3; Practical sheet 1.8.3a; Technician’s notes 1.8.3b; Practical sheet 1.8.3a; Technician’s notes 1.8.3b Year 7 Term 1 12 1.8.4 Organisms, Movement 3.8.1 Exploring problems with the skeletal system The structure and functions of the human skeleton, to include support, protection, movement and making blood cells Biomechanics – the interaction between skeleton and muscles, including the measurement of force exerted by different muscles Recall some medical problems with the skeletal system. Explain how some conditions affect the skeleton. Consider the benefits and risks of a technology for improving human movement. Worksheet 1.8.4 Year 7 Term 2 1 1.8.5 Organisms, Cells 3.8.2 Understanding organisation in multicellular organisms Hierarchical organisation of multicellular organisms: from cells to tissues to organs to systems to organisms Define the terms tissues, organs and organ systems. Describe how some recreational drug affect body systems. Suggest the effect of organ damage on other body systems. Worksheet 1.8.5 Year 7 Term 2 1 1.8.6 Organisms, Cells 3.8.2 Describing plant and animal cells Cells as the fundamental unit of living organisms, including how to observe and record cell structure using a light microscope The functions of the cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole, mitochondria and chloroplasts The similarities and differences between animal and cells Describe the structures found in animal and plant cells. Explain the function of some of the structures within animal and plant cells. Communicate ideas about cells effectively using scientific terminology. Worksheet 1.8.6a; Worksheet 1.8.6b; Technician’s notes 1.8.6
Year 7 Term 2 7 1.2.8 Electromagnets, Current 3.2.2 Understanding electrostatic fields Non-contact forces: forces due to static electricity Separation of positive or negative charges when objects are rubbed together: transfer of electrons, forces between charged objects The idea of electric field, forces acting across the space between objects not in Explain static electricity in terms of fields. Explain how charged objects affect each other. Worksheet 1.2.8; Technician’s 1.2.8 Year 7 Term 2 8 End of chapter assessment Book 1, Chapter 6: Reactions – Metals and non-metals and Acids and alkalis Year 7 Term 2 9 1.6.1 Reactions, metals and 3.6.1 Using metals and non-metals The varying physical and chemical properties of different elements The properties of metals and non-metals Recognise the properties and uses of metals and Explain the uses of metals and non-metals based on their properties. Worksheet 1.6.1; Practical sheet 1.6.1; Technician’s notes 1.6.1 Year 7 Term 2 9 1.6.2 Reactions, metals and 3.6.1 Exploring the reactions of acids with metals Reactions of acids with metals to produce a salt plus hydrogen Describe the reaction between acids and metals using word equations and particle diagrams. Explain the reaction between acids and metals. Compare the reactivities of different metals. Worksheet 1.6.2; Practical sheet 1.6.2; Technician’s notes 1.6.2 Year 7 Term 2 10 1.6.3 Reactions, metals and 3.6.1 Understanding displacement reactions The order of metals and carbon in the reactivity series; representing chemical reactions using formulas and using equations; displacement reactions; changes of state and chemical reactions. Represent and explain displacement reactions equations and particle diagrams. Make inferences reactivity from displacement reactions. Worksheet 1.6.3; Practical 1.6.3; Technician’s notes 1.6.3
Year 7 Term 3 2/3 1.9.1 Ecosystems, Interdependence 3.9.1 Understanding food webs The interdependence of organisms in an ecosystem, including food webs Describe how food webs are made up of a number of food chains. Make predictions about factors affecting plant and animal populations. Analyse and evaluate changes in a food web. Worksheet 1.9.1a; Worksheet 1.9.1b; Technician’s 1.9.1 Year 7 Term 3 3 1.9.2 Ecosystems, Interdependence 3.9.1 Understanding the effects of toxins in the environment How organisms affect, and are affected by, environment, including the accumulation of toxic materials Describe how toxins pass along the food chain. Explain how toxins enter and accumulate in food chains. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using pesticides. Worksheet 1.9.2; Technician’s 1.9.2 Year 7 Term 3 4 1.9.3 Ecosystems, Interdependence 3.9.1 Exploring the importance of insects The interdependence of organisms in an ecosystem, including insect-pollinated crops The importance of plant reproduction through insect pollination in human food security Describe the impact of low pollination on fruit production. Explain why artificial pollination is used for some crops. Evaluate the risks of monoculture on world food security. Worksheet 1.9.3; Practical sheet 1.9.3 Year 7 Term 3 4 1.9.4 Ecosystems, Interdependence 3.9.1 Exploring ecological balance The interdependence of organisms in an ecosystem, including insect-pollinated crops How organisms affect, and are affected by, their environment, including the accumulation of toxic materials Describe ways in organisms affect their environment. Explain why prey populations affect predator populations. Evaluate a model of predator–prey populations and explain the importance of predators. Worksheet 1.9.4a; Worksheet 1.9.4b; Technician’s notes 1.9.4
Year 7 Term 3 5 1.9.5 Ecosystems, Plant reproduction 3.9.2 Exploring flowering plants Reproduction in plants, including flower structure, wind and insect pollination Identify of flowering plants. Describe the function of the parts of plants and link structure function. Evaluate the differences between wind-pollinated and insect-pollinated plants. Worksheet 1.9.5; Practical sheet 1.9.5; Technician’s notes 1.9.5 Year 7 Term 3 5 1.9.6 Ecosystems, Plant reproduction 3.9.2 Exploring fertilisation Reproduction in plants, including flower structure, wind and insect pollination, fertilisation Describe the processes of pollination and fertilisation. Describe the role of pollen Explain how seeds are formed. Worksheet 1.9.6; Practical 1.9.6a; Practical sheet 1.9.6b; Technician’s notes 1.9.6 Year 7 Term 3 6 1.9.7 Ecosystems, Plant reproduction 3.9.2 Understanding how seeds are dispersed Reproduction in plants, including seed and fruit formation and dispersal Recognise the variety of different structures shown by different seeds. Describe the need for plants to disperse their seed. Plan an investigation into seed dispersal by wind. Worksheet 1.9.7a; Worksheet 1.9.7b; Technician’s notes 1.9.7 Year 7 Term 3 6 1.9.8 Ecosystems, reproduction 3.9.2 Understanding how fruits disperse Reproduction in plants, including seed and fruit formation and dispersal, including quantitative investigation of some dispersal mechanisms Describe how fruits are used in seed dispersal. Compare evidence about seed dispersal by wind and by fruit formation. Use data to evaluate different seed dispersal mechanisms. Worksheet 1.9.8 Year 7 Term 3 7 End of chapter assessment Book 1, Chapter 3: Energy – Energy and Energy transfer
Year 7 Term 3 8 1.3.1 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Understanding energy transfers by fuels and food Energy as a quantity that can be quantified and calculated; the total energy has the same value before and after a change Comparing energy values of different foods (from labels) (kJ) Other processes that involve energy transfer: metabolism of food, burning fuels Describe the use of in the home. Explain that foods are energy stores and that the amount stored can be measured. Explain that energy is not a material and can be neither created nor destroyed. Worksheet 1.3.1; Technician’s notes 1.3.1 Year 7 Term 3 8 1.3.2 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Comparing rates of energy transfer Comparing power ratings of appliances in watts (W, kW) Comparing amounts of energy transferred (J, kJ, kW hour) Describe what is by ‘rate of energy transfer’. Recall and use the correct units for rate of energy transfer. Calculate quantities of energy transferred when change happens. Worksheet 1.3.2; Technician’s notes 1.3.2 Year 7 Term 3 9 1.3.3 Energy, Energy costs 3.3.1 Looking at the cost of energy use in the home Comparing power ratings of appliances in watts (W, kW) Comparing amounts of energy transferred (J, kJ, kW hour) Domestic fuel bills: fuel use and costs Describe the information a typical fuel bill provides. Explain and use the units used on a fuel bill. Explain how the cost of energy used can be calculated. Worksheet 1.3.3 Year 7 Term 3 9 1.3.4 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Getting the electricity we need Calculation of fuel uses and costs in the domestic context: fuels and energy resources. Describe ways of generating electricity. Explain advantages and disadvantages of different methods. Evaluate the consequences of using various generating method. Worksheet 1.3.4; Technician’s 1.3.4
Year 7 Term 3 10 1.3.5 Energy, Energy 3.3.1 Using electricity responsibly Calculation of fuel uses and costs in the domestic context: comparing power ratings of appliances in watts (W, kW), comparing amounts of energy transferred (J, kJ, kW hour), domestic fuel bills, fuel use and costs and fuels and energy resources. the concept of energy transfers to a device such as a hand crank torch. Critique claims made for the running costs of fluorescent light bulbs. Evaluate actions that could be taken in response to rising energy demand. Worksheet 1.3.5; Technician’s notes 1.3.5 Year 7 Term 3 10 1.3.6 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Stores and transfers Processes that involve energy transfer and changes in systems, including: energy as a quantity that can be quantified and calculated; comparing the starting with the final conditions of a system and describing increases and decreases in the amounts of energy. Investigate a model of energy. Describe energy stores and transfers. Apply the energy model to different situations. Worksheet 1.3.6; Technician’s 1.3.6 Year 7 Term 3 11 1.3.7 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Exploring energy transfers processes that involve energy transfer: changing motion, dropping an object, completing an electrical circuit, burning fuels Energy as a quantity that can be quantified and calculated; the total energy has the same value before and after a change. Recognise what energy is and its unit. Describe a range of energy transfers using simple diagrams. Use a Sankey diagram as a to represent simple energy changes. Worksheet 1.3.7; Technician’s notes 1.3.7 Year 7 Term 3 11 1.3.8 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Understanding potential energy and kinetic energy processes that involve energy transfer: changing motion, dropping an object Recognise energy transfers due to falling objects. Describe factors affecting energy transfers related to falling objects. Explain how energy is conserved when objects fall. Worksheet 1.3.8; Technician’s notes 1.3.8
Year 7 Term 3 12 1.3.9 Energy, Energy transfer 3.3.2 Understanding elastic potential energy Other processes that involve energy transfer: stretching a spring. Work done and energy changes on deformation. Comparing the starting with the final conditions of a system and describing increases and decreases in the amounts of energy in elastic distortions Describe different situations that use the energy stored in compressing and stretching elastic materials. Describe how elastic potential energy in different materials can be compared. Explain how elastic potential energy is transferred. Worksheet 1.3.9; Practical sheet 1.3.9; Technician’s notes 1.3.9 Year 7 Term 3 12 End of chapter assessment Year 2 of 3-year scheme of work Year Term Week Student Book spread number and lesson plan reference Big Idea/ subtopic and AQA syllabus reference Title Programme of study references Learning objectives CD-ROM resources Book 1, Chapter 7: Earth – Earth structure and Universe Year 8 Term 1 1 1.7.1 Earth, Earth structure 3.7.1 Understanding the structure of the The composition of the Earth The structure of the Earth Describe the layers of the Describe the characteristics of the different layers. Explain how volcanoes change the Earth. Worksheet 1.7.1a; Worksheet 1.7.1b; Technician’s notes 1.7.1 Year 8 Term 1 1 1.7.2 Earth, Earth structure 3.7.1 Exploring igneous rocks The rock cycle and formation of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks Describe how igneous rocks are formed. Explain how the pH of the magma affects the formation of rocks. Investigate the effect of cooling rate on the formation of crystals. Worksheet 1.7.2; Practical sheet 1.7.2a; Practical sheet 1.7.2b; Technician’s notes 1.7.2
Year 8 Term 1 2 1.7.3 Earth, Earth structure 3.7.1 Exploring sedimentary rocks Describe how sedimentary rocks are formed. Explain how fossils give about the past. Explain the properties of sedimentary rocks. Worksheet 1.7.3; Practical sheet 1.7.3a; Practical sheet 1.7.3b; Technician’s notes 1.7.3 Year 8 Term 1 2 1.7.4 Earth, Earth structure 3.7.1 Exploring metamorphic rocks Describe how metamorphic are formed. Explain the properties of metamorphic rocks. Worksheet 1.7.4; Practical sheet 1.7.4; Technician’s notes 1.7.4 Year 8 Term 1 3 1.7.5 Earth, Earth structure 3.7.1 Understanding the rock cycle Describe the rock cycle. Explain how rocks can change from one type to another. Worksheet 1.7.5a; Worksheet 1.7.5b; Practical sheet 1.7.5; Technician’s notes 1.7.5 Year 8 Term 1 3 1.7.6 Universe 3.7.2 Describing stars and galaxies Our Sun as a star, other stars in our galaxy, other galaxies Describe the characteristics of a star. Relate our Sun to other stars. Explain the concept of galaxies and the position of our galaxy compared to others. Worksheet 1.7.6 Year 8 Term 1 4 1.7.7 Earth, Universe 3.7.2 Explaining the effects of the Earth's motion The seasons and the Earth’s tilt, day length at different times of year, in different hemispheres Describe variation in length of day, apparent position of the Sun and seasonal variations. Compare these with changes in the opposite hemisphere. Explain these changes with reference to the motion of the Earth. Worksheet 1.7.7; Practical 1.7.7; Technician’s notes 1.7.7 Year 8 Term 1 4 1.7.8 Earth, Universe 3.7.2 Exploring our neighbours in the Universe The light year as a unit of astronomical distance Recall that the light year is used to measure astronomical distances. Explain the limitation of units such as kilometres in describing astronomical distances. Explain what causes the appearance of the Moon to change. Worksheet 1.7.8; Practical sheet 1.7.8; Technician’s notes 1.7.8
Year 8 Term 1 5 1.7.9 Earth, Universe 3.7.2 Using models in science understanding that scientific methods and theories develop as earlier explanations are modified to take account of new evidence and ideas Explore how we can use models to explain in science. Construct an explanation using ideas and evidence. Decide if a model is good enough to be useful. Worksheet 1.7.9; Technician’s notes 1.7.9 Year 8 Term 1 5/6 End of chapter assessment Book 1, Chapter 10: Genes – Variation and Human reproduction Year 8 Term 1 6 1.10.1 Variation 3.10.1 Looking at variation The variation between individuals within a species being continuous or discontinuous, to include measurement and graphical representation of variation Describe what is meant by variation in a species. Explain the difference between continuous and discontinuous variation. Plot graphs to show variation. Worksheet 1.10.1; Technician’s notes 1.10.1 Year 8 Term 1 7 1.10.2 Genes, Variation 3.10.1 Exploring the causes of variation Heredity as the process by which genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next Identify whether a feature is inherited or determined by the environment. Understand that offspring from the same parents may show variation. Worksheet 1.10.2; Practical sheet 1.10.2; Technician’s notes 1.10.2 Year 8 Term 1 7 1.10.3 Genes, Variation 3.10.1 Considering the importance of variation The variation between species and between individuals of the same species means some organisms compete more successfully, which can drive natural selection. Describe the importance of variation. Explain how variation may help a species to survive. ideas about variation and survival to specific examples. Worksheet 1.10.3; Technician’s notes 1.10.3 Year 8 Term 1 8 1.10.4 Genes, Human reproduction 3.10.2 Understanding the female reproductive system and fertility Reproduction in humans (as an example of a mammal), including the structure and function of the male and female reproductive systems, Describe the structures and functions of different parts of the female reproductive system. Describe the process of menstruation. Worksheet 1.10.4; Technician’s notes 1.10.4
of light and action of convex lens in focusing (qualitative); the human eye Explain how this can cause it to change direction. Apply ideas about refraction to understanding lenses. notes 1.4.8 Year 8 Term 2 3 1.4.9 Waves, light 3.4.2 Seeing clearly Use of the ray model to explain imaging in mirrors, the pinhole camera, the refraction of light and action of convex lens in focusing (qualitative); the human eye Describing how the eye works. Explaining how the eye focuses on objects different distances away. Applying about lenses to the correction of vision. Worksheet 1.4.9; Practical sheet 1.4.9; Technician’s notes 1.4.9 Year 8 Term 2 3 1.4.10 light 3.4.2 Exploring coloured Colour and the different frequencies of white light and prisms (qualitative only); differential colour effects in absorption and diffuse reflection Describe how a spectrum can be produced from light. Compare the properties of light atdifferent frequencies. Explain how light of different wavelengths can be split and recombined. Worksheet 1.4.10; Practical sheet 1.4.10; Technician’s notes 1.4.10 Year 8 Term 2 4 End of chapter assessment and end of year assessment Book 2, Chapter 1: Forces – Contact forces and Pressure Year 8 Term 2 4/5 2.1.1 Forces, Contact forces Analysing equilibrium Opposing forces and equilibrium: weight held by stretched spring or supported on a compressed surface Using force arrows in diagrams, adding forces in one dimension, balanced and unbalanced forces Analyse situations to identify the various forces that are acting. Explore static situations in which objects are held in equilibrium and the nature of the forces involved. Worksheet 2.1.1; Practical sheet 2.1.1; Technician’s notes 2.1.1 Year 8 Term 2 6 2.1.2 Forces, Contact forces What a drag! Forces associated with rubbing and friction between surfaces, with pushing things out of the way; resistance to motion of air and Describe the effects of drag and forces on objects as they move. Describe factors which affect the size of frictional and drag forces. Evaluate how well sports or vehicle technology reduces frictional or drag forces. Worksheet 2.1.2; Technician’s notes 2.1.2
Year 8 Term 2 9/10 End of chapter assessment Book 2, Chapter 5: Matter – Periodic table and Elements Year 8 Term 2 10 2.5.1 Matter, periodic table Looking at the periodic table of elements The principles underpinning the Mendeleev periodic table The periodic periods and groups; metals and non-metals Navigate the periodic table and identify some of the elements. Identify features of the periodic table and describe how it is organised. Explain why the periodic table is useful. Worksheet 2.5.1; Technician’s notes 2.5.1 Year 8 Term 2 11 2.5.2 Matter, periodic table Exploring metals in the periodic table The varying physical and chemical properties of different elements How patterns in reactions can be predicted with reference to the Periodic Table The properties of metals and non-metals Describe the physical properties of Group 1 metals. Describe the pattern in reactions of Group 1 metals. Use data to predict the reactivity and position of metals within the periodic table. Worksheet 2.5.2; Practical sheet 2.5.2; Technician’s notes 2.5.2 Year 8 Term 2 11 2.5.3 Matter, periodic table Exploring in the periodic The varying physical and chemical properties of different elements How patterns in reactions can be predicted with reference to the Periodic Table The properties of metals and non-metals Describe the physical properties of the halogens. Describe the pattern in reactions of the halogens. Use data to predict the reactivity and position of non-metals within the periodic table. Worksheet 2.5.3; Practical sheet 2.5.3; Technician’s notes 2.5.3
Year 8 Term 3 7 2.8.8 Organisms, Digestion Understanding the roles of the digestive organs The tissues and organs of the digestive system, including adaptations to function Describe the roles of the organs of the digestive system. Describe the importance of enzymes and gut bacteria in digestion. Explain how the structure of each of the organs is adapted to its function. Worksheet 2.8.8; Technician’s notes 2.8.8 Year 8 Term 3 7/8 End of chapter assessment Book 2, Chapter 2: Electromagnets – Magnetism and Electromagnetism Year 8 Term 3 8 2.2.1 Electromagnets, Magnetism Forces and fields Magnetic poles, attraction and repulsion. Magnetic fields by plotting with compass, representation by lines Earth’s magnetism, compass and navigation Know the laws of magnetic attraction. Explain how a magnetic field can be represented by field lines. ideas about attraction to magnetic materials placed in a field. Worksheet 2.2.1; Technician’s 2.2.1 Year 8 Term 3 9 2.2.2 Electromagnets, Magnetism Using ideas about fields Magnetic poles, attraction and repulsion. Magnetic fields by plotting with compass, representation by field lines Earth’s magnetism, compass and navigation Describe key features of the Earth’s magnetic field. Explain why fields vary in strength. Explore the fields around combinations of magnets. Worksheet 2.2.2; Technician’s notes 2.2.2 Year 8 Term 3 9 2.2.3 Electromagnets, Electromagnets Investigating The magnetic effect of a current, electromagnets Describe what an electromagnet is. Investigate the factors affecting the strength of electromagnets. Worksheet 2.2.3; Practical sheet 2.2.3; Technician’s notes 2.2.3 Year 8 Term 3 10 2.2.4 Electromagnets, Electromagnets Using electromagnets Electromagnets Describe different applications of electromagnets. Worksheet 2.2.4
Year 8 Term 3 10 2.2.5 Electromagnets, Electromagnets Investigating strength of electromagnets The magnetic effect of a current, electromagnets, D.C. motors Identify and manage variables Investigate the effect of changing variables. Draw conclusions about how the strength of an electromagnet can be controlled. Worksheet 2.2.5; Technician’s 2.2.5 Year 8 Term 3 11 End of chapter assessment Year 3 of 3-year scheme of work Year Term Week Student Book spread number and lesson plan reference Big Idea/ subtopic and AQA syllabus reference Title Programme of study references Learning objectives CD-ROM resources Book 2, Chapter 6: Reactions – Chemical energy and of reaction Year 9 Term 1 1 2.6.1 Reactions, chemical energy Understanding exothermic reactions Internal energy stored in materials; exothermic chemical reactions (qualitative); comparing the starting with the final conditions of a system and describing increases and decreases in the amounts of energy associated with chemical compositions Describe examples of exothermic reactions. Explain the energy changes taking during an exothermic reaction. Worksheet 2.6.1; Practical sheet 2.6.1; Technician’s notes 2.6.1 Year 9 Term 1 1 2.6.2 Reactions, chemical energy Comparing endothermic and exothermic changes Exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions (qualitative); comparing the starting with the final conditions of a system and describing increases and decreases in the amounts of energy associated with Describe examples of endothermic reactions. Worksheet 2.6.2; Practical 2.6.2; Technician’s notes 2.6.2
Chemical reactions as the rearrangement of atoms Thermal decomposition, oxidation Year 9 Term 1 5 Assessments Book 2, Chapter 9: Ecosystems – Respiration and Photosynthesis Year 9 Term 1 5/6 2.9.1 Ecosystems, Respiration Understanding aerobic respiration Aerobic and anaerobic respiration in living organisms, including the breakdown of organic molecules to enable all the other chemical processes necessary for life The word equation for aerobic respiration Recall the equation for respiration and describe what it shows. Explain the importance of respiration. Apply what we know about respiration. Worksheet 2.9.1; Practical sheet 2.9.1; Technician’s notes 2.9.1 Year 9 Term 1 6 2.9.2 Ecosystems, Respiration Exploring respiration in sport Aerobic and anaerobic respiration in living organisms, including the breakdown of organic molecules to enable all the other chemical processes necessary for life Describe what is by anaerobic respiration. Explain why some sports involve more aerobic or more anaerobic respiration. Explain what is meant 5by oxygen debt. Worksheet 2.9.2 Year 9 Term 1 7 2.9.3 Ecosystems, Respiration Understanding anaerobic respiration The process of anaerobic respiration in humans and including fermentation, and the word equation for anaerobic respiration Recall that plants and microbes carry out anaerobic respiration. Recall the word equation for fermentation in plants and microbes. Describe some evidence to show that anaerobic respiration can produce carbon dioxide. Worksheet 2.9.3; Practical 2.9.3; Technician’s notes 2.9.3 Year 9 Term 1 7 2.9.4 Ecosystems, Respiration Investigating fermentation The process of anaerobic respiration in humans and including fermentation, and the word equation for anaerobic respiration Describe some applications of fermentation. Identify dependent, independent and control variables in an investigation. Analyse data and identify next Worksheet 2.9.4; Practical sheet 2.9.4; Technician’s notes 2.9.4
Year 9 Term 1 11 End of chapter assessment Book 2, Chapter 3: Energy – Work and Heating and cooling Year 9 Term 1 11/12 2.3.1 Energy, Work Doing work Work done; simple machines give bigger force but at the expense of smaller movement (and vice versa): product of force and displacement unchanged Recognise situations where work is done. Describe the relationship work done = force × distance. Apply the equation for work done to different situations. Worksheet 2.3.1; Technician’s notes 2.3.1 Year 9 Term 1 12 2.3.2 Energy, Work Making work easier Work done; simple machines give bigger force but at the expense of smaller movement (and vice versa): product of force and displacement unchanged Understand what simple machines are. Explain why they are useful. Compare and contrast different machines Worksheet 2.3.2; Technician’s notes 2.3.2 Year 9 Term 2 1 2.3.3 Energy, heating and cooling Explaining thermal energy Heating and thermal equilibrium: temperature difference between two objects leading to energy transfer from the hotter to the cooler one Comparing the starting with the final conditions of a system and describing increases and decreases in the amounts of energy associated with temperatures Describe how temperature differences lead to energy transfer. Worksheet 2.3.3; Practical sheet 2.3.3; Technician’s notes 2.3.3 Year 9 Term 2 1 2.3.4 Energy, heating and cooling How heat travels Explain how heat can travel by conduction, convection and radiation. Give examples of each of happening. Worksheet 2.3.4; Technician’s notes 2.3.4 Year 9 Term 2 2 2.3.5 Energy, heating and cooling How to stop heat from travelling Explain the difference between conductors and insulators. Explain how insulation ideas about insulation to practical applications. Worksheet 2.3.5; Practical sheet 2.3.5; Technician’s notes 2.3.5
Year 9 Term 2 2 2.3.6 Energy, heating and cooling Energy and temperature Heating and thermal equilibrium: temperature difference between two objects leading to energy transfer from the hotter to the cooler one, through contact (conduction) or radiation; such transfers tending to reduce the temperature difference: use of insulators Describe the warming and cooling of objects. Explain the relationship between energy transfer and temperature change. Worksheet 2.3.6; Practical sheet 2.3.6; Technician’s notes 2.3.6 Year 9 Term 2 3 End of chapter assessment Book 2, Chapter 7: – Climate and Earth resources Year 9 Term 2 3/4 2.7.1 Climate Understanding our atmosphere The composition of the atmosphere Describe the composition of our atmosphere. Describe how the atmosphere has changed over time. Explain why the atmosphere has changed. Worksheet 2.7.1; Practical sheet 2.7.1; Technician’s notes 2.7.1 Year 9 Term 2 4 2.7.2 Earth, Climate Understanding how carbon is recycled The carbon cycle Describe the carbon cycle. Worksheet 2.7.2; Practical sheet 2.7.2; Technician’s notes 2.7.2 Year 9 Term 2 5 2.7.3 Earth, Climate Exploring how humans affect the carbon cycle the carbon the composition of the atmosphere and the production of carbon dioxide by human activity and the impact on climate. Understand that human activities affect the carbon cycle. Appreciate the scale of this impact. Explain how the impact relates to carbon stores as well as carbon dioxide producers. Worksheet 2.7.3; Technician’s notes 2.7.3 Year 9 Term 2 5 2.7.4 Earth, Climate Understanding global warming The production of carbon dioxide by human activity and impact on climate Describe the effects of global warming. Explain the consequences of global warming for living things. Evaluate the arguments for human activity impacting on global warming. Worksheet 2.7.4
Year 9 Term 2 6 2.7.5 Earth resources Exploring damage to the Earth’s resources Describe resources that the Earth provides. Explain how human activity limits these resources. Justify decisions about making changes to the environment. Worksheet 2.7.5 Year 9 Term 2 6 2.7.6 Earth, Earth resources Considering the importance of recycling Earth as a source of limited resources and the efficacy of recycling Describe examples of recycling. Explain the benefits and limitations of recycling schemes. Compare the efficiency of recycling methods. Worksheet 2.7.6; Practical 2.7.6; Technician’s notes 2.7.6 Year 9 Term 2 7 2.7.7 Earth, Earth resources How to extract metals The order of metals and carbon in the reactivity series and the use of carbon in obtaining metals from metal oxides Understand that most metals are found as ores. Understand how less reactive metals can be extracted. Understand how more reactive metals can be extracted. Worksheet 2.7.7; Technician’s notes 2.7.7 Year 9 Term 2 7/8 End of chapter assessment Book 2, Chapter 10: Genes – Evolution and Inheritance Year 9 Term 2 8 2.10.1 Evolution Explaining natural selection The variation between species and between individuals of the same species means some organisms compete more successfully, which can drive natural selection Describe how variation causes competition for resources, and drives natural selection. Worksheet 2.10.1; Practical sheet 2.10.1; Technician’s notes 2.10.1
Year 9 Term 2 9 2.10.2 Genes, Evolution Understanding the importance of biodiversity Changes in the environment may leave individuals within a species, and some entire species, less well adapted to compete successfully and reproduce, which in turn may lead to extinction The importance of maintaining biodiversity and the use of gene to preserve hereditary material Describe what is meant by biodiversity. Explain the importance of biodiversity. Worksheet 2.10.2 Year 9 Term 2 9 2.10.3 Genes, Evolution Explaining extinction Changes in the environment may individuals within a species, and some entire species, less well adapted to compete successfully and reproduce, which in turn may lead to extinction The importance of maintaining biodiversity and the use of gene banks to preserve hereditary material Identify changes that can cause a species to become extinct. Explain the use of gene banks to preserve hereditary material before a species becomes extinct. Analyse and evaluate theories of what caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. Worksheet 2.10.3 Year 9 Term 2 10 2.10.4 Genes, Inheritance Understanding the nature of genetic material A simple model of chromosomes, genes and DNA in heredity, including the part played by Watson, Crick, Wilkins and Franklin in the development of the DNA model Identify that the nucleus contains chromosomes, which carry inherited genetic information. Describe the link between chromosomes, and DNA. Describe the structure of DNA. Assess the work of Watson, Wilkins and Franklin on DNA structure. Worksheet 2.10.4a; Worksheet 2.10.4b; Practical 2.10.4; Technician’s notes 2.10.4
Year 9 Term 2 10 2.10.5 Genes, Inheritance Exploring the role of chromosomes A simple model of chromosomes, genes and DNA in heredity Identify that a fertilised egg contains a full set of chromosomes, half from each parent. Explain the number of chromosomes in gametes. Explain how some genetic disorders arise. Worksheet 2.10.5a; Worksheet 2.10.5b; Practical sheet 2.10.5; Technician’s notes 2.10.5 Year 9 Term 2 11 2.10.6 Genes, Inheritance Understanding variation Heredity as the process by genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next Identify inherited characteristics in plants and animals that vary between offspring. Explain how inherited differences arise by genetic material from both parents combining. Describe how identical occur and analyse data about their features. Worksheet 2.10.6; Technician’s notes 2.10.6 Year 9 Term 2 11 2.10.7 Genes, Inheritance Modelling inheritance Heredity as the process by which genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next Use a model to represent inheritance of a trait. Predict likelihood of offspring inheriting specific traits. Worksheet 2.10.7 Year 9 Term 2 12 End of chapter assessment Book 2, Chapter 4: Waves – Wave effects and Wave properties Year 9 Term 3 1 2.4.1 Wave effects Exploring sound frequencies of waves, measured in hertz (Hz); echoes, reflection and absorption of sound sound needs a medium to travel, the speed of sound in air, in water, in solids auditory range of humans and animals. use for cleaning and physiotherapy by waves Understand how sound waves vary in frequency. Apply ideas about frequency to understand ultrasound. Understand practical applications of ultrasound. Worksheet 2.4.1; Technician’s notes 2.4.1 Year 9 Term 3 1 2.4.2 Waves, Wave effects Sound systems Understand the function of microphones and loudspeakers. Understand how audio equipment responds to different frequencies. Worksheet 2.4.2; Technician’s notes 2.4.2
transferring information for conversion to electrical signals by microphone. sound produced by vibrations of objects, in loud speakers, detected by their effects on microphone diaphragm and the ear drum; sound waves are longitudinal Year 9 Term 3 2 2.4.3 Waves, wave properties Exploring the similarities and differences between light waves and waves in matter light waves travelling through a vacuum; speed of light the transmission of light through materials: absorption, diffuse scattering and specular reflection at a surface use of ray model to explain imaging in mirrors, the pinhole camera, the refraction of light and action of convex lens in focusing (qualitative); the human eye light transferring energy from source to absorber leading to chemical and electrical effects; photo-sensitive material in the retina and in cameras colours and the different frequencies of light, white light and prisms (qualitative only); differential colour effects in absorption and diffuse reflection. Understanding light can vary in frequency. Describe UV light and its risks. Explain the uses of UV light. Worksheet 2.4.3; Technician’s notes 2.4.3 Year 9 Term 3 2 2.4.4 Waves, wave properties Exploring waves Use water waves to model wave behaviour. Understand and apply the processes of reflection and absorption. Worksheet 2.4.4; Technician’s notes 2.4.4 Year 9 Term 3 3 2.4.5 wave properties Comparing transverse and longitudinal waves Understanding longitudinal waves. Understanding transverse waves. Comparing types of wave Worksheet 2.4.5; Practical sheet 2.4.5; Technician’s notes 2.4.5