Figure 11 – Deep dive: CI intervention categories and activities Category Sub-category Activities Examples 1. Community resilience Community trainings Teacher trainings – training elementary and high school teachers in vulnerable communities to incorporate slavery awareness and defense of human rights into their curricula Repórter Brasil’s “Slavery No Way” program has worked with municipal education secretariats in Pará and Maranhão to train ~60 educators, who in turn have trained teachers on slave labor and reached ~35,000 students. Community leader trainings – equipping local leaders with tools and know-how to advocate for their human and land rights; helping communities surface their values and experiences of collective actions, with an emphasis on unity and survival. IEB runs community leadership trainings in villages throughout the Amazon (although exact geographies should be confirmed), focused on empowering community leaders to defend their human and land rights Awareness campaigns Local information dissemination and media campaigns – increasing community awareness of and resilience to recruitment into slave labor through banners, posters, flyers, radio announcements, etc. CDVDH/CB and CPT’s “Open Your Eyes So You Don’t Become a Slave” program includes the dissemination of posters and other media campaigns – and outreach via unions, churches and community groups Arts and culture programs – raising awareness of slavery by engaging community members in slavery-themed arts and culture activities runs slavery/resilience-themed dance, theater, and Capoeira programs for youth in vulnerable communities in Maranhão. Slavery reporting hotline – creating and publicizing a phone number or website where people can report cases of slave labor. The Ministry of Labor has a slavery reporting hotline (“Disque 100”) and aimed at awareness-raising. Development of alternative economic activities Smallholder agriculture technical assistance – provide technical assistance to vulnerable populations to help them develop alternative sources of income through improved yields IPAM runs technical assistance programs for smallholder farmers and harvesters in Pará, funded by the Ford and Foundations. assistance Legal assistance for reporting of slave labor – providing help navigating the legal system and protection to victims of slavery who want to report labor abuses and arrange official rescues. CDVDH/CB and CPT, through their “Open Your Eyes So You Don’t Become a Slave” program, provide legal assistance and follow-up to
Companies draft policies and institute systems to remove ‘bad’ actors from their supply chains – technical and resource support that works with companies to draft policies Walmart Brazil has developed corporate guidance and formulas to screen any at-risk suppliers from its procurement chain Technical assistance to support network for enforcement authorities Mobile geographical mapping for organizations to alert authorities Communities of resilience have successfully used technology to trace the movement of firms illegally encroaching on land Basic communication tools (e.g., laptops) to whistle when observing slave labor to proper authorities Frontline organizations have used satellite phones to remain in contact with community leaders who organize and whistle from the ground Build rural networks of communities that communicate with each other (and report directly up to mobile inspection teams) An enhanced collaboration strategy 3. Upstream pressure Pressure on municipal governments Carrots: state tax incentives, awards, or rankings to reward municipalities that prevent Dirty List companies from operating in their territory PMV works with municipalities throughout Pará to bring them into compliance with deforestation guidelines so that they can access state tax incentives and move up in municipal rankings. Sticks: Dirty List for municipalities with tax/financing consequences, rankings to shame municipalities that are complicit with or permit Dirty List companies to operate in their territory Repórter Brasil to publicize the Ministry of Labor’s Dirty List (and published their own “transparency list” when the Dirty List was temporarily suspended), and publishes rankings of municipalities by incidence of slavery. Pressure on Brazilian timber exporters & construction companies Carrots: highlight increased revenue potential if companies eliminate slave labor from their supply chains and share this with the media and consumers N/A (no known examples)
Appendix B: Glossary and Acronyms List Acronym Name (Portuguese) Name (English) Description BNDES Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento National Bank of Development Brazil’s official development bank, is the source of subsidized loans for the majority of Brazilian business investments, including for agribusiness BR-163 n/a n/a A federal highway that extends 3,467 kilometers from São Miguel do Oeste in Santa Catarina to Santarém, Pará CBO n/a Community-based organization A public or private nonprofit (including a church or religious entity) working at a local level that is representative of a community or a significant segment of a community CDVDH/CB Centro para a Defesa da Vida e dos Direitos Humanos/Carmen Bascarán Center for the Defense of Life and Rights/Carmen Bascarán A non-profit, historically funded by Spanish donors, based in Açailândia, Maranhão, that runs the “Open Your Eyes So You Don’t Become a Slave” with CPT and organized slavery/resilience-themed dance, theater, and Capoeira programs for youth in vulnerable communities CI n/a Collective Impact An approach developed by FSG that consists of a commitment of a group of cross-sector actors to a common agenda for solving a complex social problem CONATRAE Confederação Nacional da Eradicação do Trabalho Escravo National Confederation of the Eradication of Slave Labor A cross-sector collaboration headed by the Secretariat of Social Development, with participation from a wide array of government agencies, unions, and NGOs, focused on eradicating slavery in Brazil