zilongwang/ReadingBank huggingface dataset:
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY ANNUAL ASSESSMENT REPORT, 2016-17 ACADEMIC YEAR Assessment activities in the Biology B.S. Program during AY 2016-17 During the 2016-17 academic year, the Department of Biology continued its cycle of assessment activities based on feedback from the recent full Program Review (AY 2012-13) and feedback from the previous year. The Department of Biology restarted its 7-year Program Review following the Program Review during the 2012-13 academic year. The Department as a whole responded to the external committee’s reviews of our undergraduate and graduate programs, with the Assessment Committee focusing on feedback about learning outcomes and assessment. Table 1 shows the assessment calendar for our undergraduate program. During this academic year, the departmental assessment activities were Pre/Post Test, Evolution Term Paper and Student Research Tabulation. Research Experience (Post-Test) was not performed due to the permanent departure of the responsible faculty member. Finally, we developed a new SOAP effective May 2017, so these are the last departmental assessment activities based on the old SOAP. 1. Assessment calendar Assessment Method 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Pre and Post Test × × × × × × × Ecology Lab Reports × × Research Experience (Post-Test) × × × × Research Experience (Evolution Term Paper) × × Student Research Tabulation × × × × × × × Pipeline Analysis × Alumni Survey × 1. What learning outcome(s) did you assess this year? List all program outcomes you assessed (if you assessed an outcome not listed on your department SOAP please indicate explain). Do not describe the measures or benchmarks in this section Also please only describe major assessment activities in this report. No GE assessment was required for the 2016-2017 academic year. The SOAP learning outcomes 1, 2 and 3 are stated below. The learning outcomes we assessed are highlighted in bold. Pre/post tests assessed learning outcomes 1A, 1B, 1C, 1E, 1F, 1G, 2.2 and 3.1. The Evolution term paper was used to evaluate learning outcome 3.2. Student research
Substance in an inhaler, used by a person suffering from asthma. It widens the bronchioles and makes it easier to breathe. bronchodilator One of two main divisions of the trachea (windpipe) leading to a lung. bronchus or bronchi Tiny, hair-like cytoplasmic extensions of a cell beat rhythmically. In lower animals they are for locomotion; in higher forms, for propulsion of substances, e.g. mucus from the trachea. cilia A muscular sheet or membrane separating the thorax and abdomen. Situated below the lungs and above the liver, stomach and spleen. It is dome-shaped at rest. diaphragm A flap of cartilaginous tissue at the base of the tongue, which covers the opening to the larynx and trachea when swallowing and thus prevents food going ‘down the wrong way’. epiglottis The process of breathing out air from the exhalation This is a passive process, i.e. requires no energy. This is expelling air from the lungs. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax causing the ribs and diaphragm to return to their original positions. These actions result in a decreased volume of the thorax (chest cavity) and an increase in the air pressure in the lungs, consequently air is expelled from the lungs. expiration At respiratory surfaces (lungs in humans, gills in fish) it is the removal of waste gas (carbon dioxide) and the taking in of necessary gas (oxygen). In the leaves of plants during photosynthesis carbon dioxide moves in through the stomata and oxygen moves out through the stomata. gas/gaseous exchange
Pairs of chromatids (chromosomes in a dividing cell) are held together by this. Used to attach chromatids / chromosomes to spindle during metaphase of cell divisions. centromere The dividing of the cytoplasm of the cell into two during telophase of mitosis. cleavage The cells produced as a result of dividing by mitosis. daughter Every organism has a fixed number of chromosomes. If they occur in pairs (homologous pairs) the organism is said to be ..., i.e. two sets of chromosomes – one set received from the father and one set from the mother at fertilisation, e.g. human 2n = 46, mouse 2n = 40, fruit fly 2n = 8. OR it can be describes as double the number of chromosomes found in gametes. diploid A method of asexual reproduction where a cell or organism divides into two or more parts, e.g. binary ... fission Any cell which must fuse with another cell in order to produce a new individual. Is a haploid reproductive cell, i.e. contains half the required genetic information for the formation of a new individual or half the somatic number of chromosomes (in humans = 23), e.g. sperm cell, egg. gamete Having one of each of the pairs of chromosomes characteristic for a species. OR Half the somatic number of chromosomes. OR A single set of unpaired chromosomes. haploid A preparatory stage before or a resting stage after mitosis or meiosis. It is followed by prophase. interphase
Theory put forward in 1838-39 by Schleiden and Schwann, stated that all plants and animals are made up of cells and all cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division. cell theory Structure found within a cell, e.g. mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, etc. (cellular) organelle Complex carbohydrate (polysaccharide) forming the cell walls of plant cells. It is an indigestible material. Provides bulk in the diet. Keeps the contents of the gut moving. Absorbs water, keeps faeces soft, easier to egest. Prevents constipation. cellulose Non-living, rigid and fully permeable structure found only in plant cells, outside the cell membrane. Made of cellulose by the cytoplasm. Gives shape, strength and support to the cell. cell wall Green pigment found in plants necessary for trapping light energy for photosynthesis. Contains the element magnesium. Made in chloroplasts. chlorophyll A specialised cell organelle (plastid) containing chlorophyll. They are in colour and function during photosynthesis. They are composed of grana (used during the light stage) and stroma (used during the dark stage) of photosynthesis. chloroplast Tissue used for attaching organs together or for protection, e.g. vertebrate tissue consisting of few with collagen or elastic fibres between them. Is the main tissue of bone, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, etc. connective tissue The contents of a cell excluding the nucleus. cytoplasm
(chromatin threads and chromosomes) that is passed on to future generations. May contain nucleoli, which function in protein synthesis. nucleus: (plural = nuclei) oncogene A structure containing a group of tissues with a common function(s), e.g. in plants: leaf, root, stem, flower, etc.; in animals: stomach, ear, testis, ovary, etc. organ A structure in a cell specialised to perform particular specific function, e.g. mitochondrion, chloroplast, etc. Usually surrounded by a membrane. organelle Organisms are composed of cells. These cells function together to form tissues, organs, organ systems, individuals (organisms) and populations. organisation Living or group of systems functioning together for living, e.g. human, plant, mouse, etc. organism A group of organs working together to carry out a function. (organ) systems A lipid with one of its fatty acids replaced with a phosphate group. Needed for cell membrane formation. phospholipid
Organ in the body of an animal that secretes substances either for use by the body or for elimination (excretion). gland A hormone released by the pancreas. In humans it is broken down to glucose through the action of hormones, as more glucose is demanded for respiration. This hormone and insulin work together to control the of sugar in the blood. glucagon Unsightly enlargement of the thyroid gland due to excessive production of the hormone thyroxine. goitre Hormones that act on or stimulate the gonads, e.g. FSH and LH. stimulating hormones Results from an overactive thyroid. Thyroid enlarges (goitre), eyeballs protrude and is an increased rate of metabolism, weight loss, increased blood pressure and nervousness. disease Produced by anterior lobe of pituitary. An excess results in giantism and a deficiency results in dwarfism. growth hormone Chemicals produced in the meristematic regions and transported through the vascular system of plants. They affect the rate of growth (cell division) or development of plants when they are in very low concentrations. (plant) growth regulators Hormone secreted by an implanting fertilised egg (blastocyst). It maintains the corpus luteum in the (until the ninth week of the gestation period, after which the placenta takes over) and prevents the breakdown of the endometrium. The analysis of urine for the presence of this hormone is used to confirm pregnancy. HCG: human chorionic gonadotrophin
A process, change, method, characteristic or feature that an organism or species possesses, develops or evolves that suits/adjusts the organism to its environment to increase its chances of survival and reduce competition. It is one of the main points of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. adaptation The different functions of the same structure shows adaptation of a common structure, e.g. the forelimb. adaptive radiation Body parts that perform the same function in different organisms, but differ in their structure, e.g. the wings of insects and birds. analogous structures Comparing the structures of plants and animals, used as evidence that organisms share a common ancestor, e.g. homologous structures, the forelimbs of many animals share the same basic structure but differ in their functions. comparative anatomy Comparing the developing embryos of vertebrates shows a similarity between certain structures, e.g. the position of the brain, eyes, gill slits and tail of the fish, tortoise, rabbit, bird, chick and human. This suggests that organisms descended from common ancestors. comparative embryology The study of how the embryo develops before birth or emergence from the egg. embryology This is about how modern plants and animals have gradually developed from pre-existing forms over long periods of time, i.e. changes in species by natural selection in response to environmental changes. Survival of the fittest by adaptation, variation and over-reproduction. evolution The remains of organisms that lived long ago. fossil(s)
Bacteria that are capable of causing a disease, e.g. diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus (3 in 1 vaccination) are all caused by bacteria. pathogenic bacteria Shallow dish with lid into which is placed a nutrient medium for growing micro-organisms. petri-dish Small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria and yeast. Often contains genes bestowing drug resistance. plasmid An infectious agent made of one or more protein molecules but no RNA or DNA. They seem to act as catalysts – converting normal protein into prions, e.g. BSE and CJD. prion The fertile tip of a hypha of Rhizopus before it forms a gametangium. progametangium (plural = progametangia) Component of a virus surrounding one type of nucleic acid. protein coat Viruses that contain just one single strand of RNA and replicate the enzyme reverse transcriptase to copy this RNA into a complementary single strand of DNA. The single-stranded DNA is then copied, and the resulting double-stranded DNA is inserted into a chromosome of the host cell. retrovirus(es) A root-like filament which attaches the mycelium of some fungi to the substrate. Grows downwards into substrate. It functions like a root – it supports the fungus and is involved in absorption. rhizoid
bread mould. Haploid, branched, filamentous, aseptate fungus. Rhizopus Classification grouping of bacteria called Bacillus. Any bacteria called Bacillus ~ or B. ~ have this shape; also E. coli, found in the human colon, is similarly shaped and is responsible for the synthesis of some B vitamins. Also: cells in retina of eye stimulated by low light intensity, i.e. dim light. Responsible for monochromatic vision (can see in black and white or shades of grey). rod(s) used as human or animal food. single-celled protein Term referring to fungal hypha with cross-walls. Has cells. septate A stalk-like structure (hypha) of a fungus, which grows perpendicular to the substrate and bears the sporangia or spores. Functions in reproduction. sporangiophore A structure in which spores are produced, e.g. in Rhizopus. sporangium (plural = sporangia) A reproductive cell or group of cells that can give rise to a new individual without the production of gametes. Has no food store. spore The phase in a growth curve. Birth rate = death rate due to competition for food, space and the build-up of toxic wastes. stationary phase
Beginning of a shoot, leaf or flower. Leaf or flower not fully open. Also an asexual growth later separating to form new organism. bud The ability of water to climb in tubes of narrow bore (xylem) or between tightly packed particles due to its adhesive and cohesive properties, e.g. in the spaces between soil particles. capillarity Female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of stig- ma, style and ovary. carpel Force with which molecules of the same substance stick to each other. cohesive Cells in phloem associated with sieve tube cells. The nucleus of these cells also controls the activities of the phloem sieve tube cells. companion cells Modified stem – short, vertical, swollen. Terminal bud produces leaves and flowers above ground. New corm formed on top of old, e.g. crocus, gladioli. corm Tissue of the stem or root that lies outside the vascular tissue. cortex (of plant) A ‘seed leaf’, i.e. the first leaf that develops in the embryo. It is a food store. cotyledon
The loss of water vapour from the surface of a plant. transpiration The flow of water through a plant, from root hair cells to stomatal openings in leaves, as a result of the loss of water by transpiration. transpiration stream Leaf that has two or more colours, it may be spotted or striped. variegated leaf A longitudinal strand of conducting tissue made up of xylem, phloem and sometimes cambium. vascular bundle A transport system in animals, it is composed of the blood/circulatory system. in plants, it is composed of the (xylem) and food (phloem) conducting system. vascular system Refers to the of cells with a similar function involved in the transport of substances, i.e. xylem and phloem in plants, and blood in animals. vascular tissue Pertaining to the asexual parts of the plant, i.e. stem, leaf, root – not flowers and seeds. vegetative Water in a gaseous form suspended in the air. water vapour
Biology of Blood Diseases (BIOL 426) SSII 2013 Instructor: Chantelle Rein-Smith, Ph.D. – crein@email.unc.edu Course Meeting Times: M,T,W,Th,F 1:15-2:45 pm Office Hours: M, W, F 9:30-11:30am, or by appointment Textbook: “Essential Haematology”, 6th Edition, Hoffbrand and Moss (Recommended) This course focuses on the molecular mechanisms associated with normal and pathogenic functions of blood, blood cells and bone marrow. We will examine multiple areas of hematology and oncology including anemias, cancer, blood coagulation disorders, and atherosclerosis. We will begin each unit by focusing on the origins of blood cells and “normal” biological processes of blood/bone marrow, and then transition to diseases and pathologies associated with each blood cell type. We will utilize in-class lectures, case studies, “journal clubs” and group activities to achieve the overall course goal of understanding the biological basis of hematological disease. Course Objectives: Understand the normal function of blood cells and how alterations in function lead to pathology Identify normal and pathological blood cells in blood smears and bone marrow biopsies Interpret the results of complete blood counts (CBCs) and specific laboratory tests related to blood diseases Classify different diseases of the blood according to cellular abnormalities and test results Create a Journal Club Presentations: Each Friday the second half of class will be devoted to a “journal club” presentation. Each small group will select a current journal article (published within the last 5 years in a peer reviewed journal and approved by the instructor) on one of the class topics. Groups will present their articles in a 15-20 minute “journal club” format each designated class. All others should come prepared with questions about the paper. Journal clubs are peer graded and are also graded by the instructor. More information about creating a journal club presentation can be found on the course Sakai site.
megaloblastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, thalassemias, sickle cell disease 3 (7/1-7/3) White blood cells: monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes Wednesdsay, July 3- Journal Club Thursday, July 4th and Friday July 5th - NO CLASS 4 (7/8-7/12) Intro to Cancer, cancer genetics, acute leukemias, chronic leukemias, lymphoma, myeloma, primary hemostasis Wednesday, July 10- MIDTERM Friday July 12th- Journal Club; Fact Sheet topics due 5 (7/15-7/19) Secondary hemostasis, platelet disorders, bleeding disorders, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, transfusion medicine Friday, July 19th- Journal Club 6 (7/22-7/26) Review and anything we didn’t get to Monday, July 22nd- Fact sheet due Friday, July 26th- FINAL EXAM
16. Which type of signals can reach each and every cell of the body electrical or chemical? 17. Which hormone stops the growth of plant buds and does not allow them to grow? 18. In which part of our brain the hunger centre is situated? 19 Name the area of forebrain where the sensory information is interpreted by putting it together with information from other receptors. 20. What connects our peripheral sense organs with central nervous system? 21. Which part of the brain maintain posture and balance of the body? 22. Which disease is caused by deficiency of insulin in our body? 23. Name two type of receptors of our body which perceive chemical stimulus. 24. Name the two components of central nervous system. 25. What are the two systems of control and co-ordination in higher animals? 26. What are the two systems of control and co-ordination in higher animals? 27. Which plant hormone is responsible for the wilting and falling of leaves? 28. What are directional growth movements called ? 29. How do roots respond to the presence of auxin? 30. Accumulation of which substance on darker side of stem causes bending ín uni-directional light? 31. What is the stimulus in thigmotropism? 32. Which mineral is required for making thyroxine hormone? 33. Which part of the brain is regarded as the seat of intelligence or thinking part? 34. Name the gland which produces growth hormone. 35. Name any two ductless glands. 36. Give an example of mixed gland. 37. Which part of the brain contains hunger centre ? Answer Type Questions: 1. State three functions of cerebrum. 2. How does chemical coordination take place in animals ? 3. Give important differences between nervous system and endocrine system. 4. Name three plant hormones and give one function of each 5. How would you differentiate a receptor from an effector? 6. Diffèrentiate between sensory and motor nerves. 7. What are synapses ? 8. State the role of testosterone. 9. What is spinal cord? What is its function? 10. State two important points of differences between tropic movement and nastic movement.
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, PATNA REGION SPLIT UP OF SLLABUS 2017-18 SUBJECT:BIOLOGY,CLASS-XI Month Split-up Syllabus 1 JUNE & JULY Chapter-1: The Living World Chapter-2: Biological Classification Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom 2 August Periodic Test-1 Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals 3 September Chapter-8: Cell-The Unit of Life Chapter-9: Biomolecules Chapter-10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division 4 October (HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION- Up to Chapter -10) Chapter-11: Transport in Plants 5 November Chapter-12: Mineral Nutrition Chapter-13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Chapter-14: Respiration in Plants 6 December Chapter-15: Plant - Growth and Development Chapter-16: Digestion and Absorption Chapter-17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases 7 January 2018 Periodic Test-2 Chapter-18: Body Fluids and Circulation Chapter-19: Excretory Products and Elimination Chapter-20: Locomotion and Movement 8 February 2018 Chapter-21: Neural Control and Coordination Chapter-22: Chemical Coordination and Integration REVISION- 15th Feb-29th Feb. 9 March 2018 Session Ending Examination
Name: _________________________________ Period: _________ Biology Comic Assignment Your assignment is to create a HUMOROUS Biology themed comic. It can be related to any of the topics (specific or broad) that we have studied so far this year. Some ideas are listed below. Characteristics of Life Macromolecules Enzymes Cell Structure and Function Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Cell Cycle/Mitosis Meiosis Genetics DNA Structure and Replication RNA and Protein Synthesis Biotechnology/ Genetic Engineering Evolution Ecology Your assignment is due on __________________________. Your assignment must meet the following requirements: 1 or more frames All science content/images must be accurate Captions/dialogue bubbles must be typed! Images must be hand drawn or created as a collage with printed internet images It must include color No larger than an 8 ½ x 11 size piece of paper Examples below:
September 27 Leopold Readings: The Alder Fork, Great Possessions Chapter 8: Integrated Pest Management Movie: A&E: Natural Environment Homes October 4 Midterm Exam October 11 Leopold Readings: Prairie Birthday, The Pasture Chapter 10: Managing Water Resources Sustainably Chapter 11: Water Pollution Movie: Tapped October 18 Leopold Readings: The Choral Copse, Smoky Gold Chapter 14: Forest Management Conservation Experience Due 11/15/11 October 25 Leopold Readings: Too Early, Red Lanterns Chapter 15: Plant and Animal Extinction NOVA: Extinction! November 1 Leopold Readings: If I Were the Wind, Axe-in-Hand Chapter 17: Sustainable Waste Management Movie: Trashed November 8 Leopold Readings: A Mighty Fortress, Home Range Chapter 18: Air Pollution Movie: An Inconvenient Truth November 15 Leopold Readings: Pines above the Snow, 65290 Chapter 19: Air Pollution: Global Problems Carbon Footprint Due 12/6/11 November 22 NO CLASS – THANKSGIVING VACATION November 29 Leopold Readings: Marshland Elegy, The Land Ethic Chapter 21: Nonrenewable Energy Resources: Issues and Options Movie: Energy Crossroads December 6 Chapter 22: Creating a Sustainable System of Energy: Efficiency and Renewable Energy Movie: NOVA: The Big Energy Gamble December 13 Exam – Take home essay exam. Exam will be available on Monday, December 12. Must be turned in electronically on WesternOnline before midnight, December 13. Homework Format Text format: Typed, double spaced, 12 point Times New Romano font, 1 inch margins Submission: submitted electronically by WesternOnline as an email attachment. All homework assignments are due electronically by WesternOnline email by 5 pm, on the due date indicated on the syllabus. All late assignments will result in an automatic 10% grade reduction for the assignment. Include: Title page with Assignment title Your name Date Report (2 page minimum) Introduction, including purpose of the report Description of your project/experience Conclusion
Unit Sequence Title Timeline Page Review of the Scientific Process 2.5 weeks 08/11-08/27 2 Introduction to Biology 1.5 08/28-09/09 4 Biochemistry 4 09/10-10/15 6 Cellular Structures and Functions 3 weeks 10/16-11/06 8 Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis 3 11/07-12/05 10 Cell Cycle and Mitosis 1.5 weeks 12/08-12/17 12 Genetics 4 01/05-02/03 14 DNA and Proteins 3 weeks 02/04-02/25 16 Natural Selection and Evolution 4 weeks 02/26-03/26 18 Ecology 3 weeks 03/27-04/24 20 Biodiversity 3 weeks 04/27-05/15 22 Common Core ELA Standards, Science and Technical Subjects, Grade 9-10 XXXXXXXXXXX 24 Common Core ELA Standards, Writing, Grades 9-10 XXXXXXXXXXX 25
Essential Question Addressed Learning Goal ACT Quality Core Standards NGSS 1. What type of energy do our cells use? I can explain how cells store energy temporarily as ATP. A.5.j HS-LS1-5 HS-LS1-6 HS-LS1-7 HS-LS2-3 2. How is energy from the sun transformed for use in living things? I can explain the interaction between pigments, the absorption of light, and the reflection of light. E.2.c, E.2.f I can describe the dependent and light independent reactions of photosynthesis, and compare the products of each. E.2.d, E.2.e 3. How is the food we eat broken down and used to form ATP? I can identify the cellular and follow through the major pathways of anaerobic and aerobic respiration, compare reactants and products for each process, and account for how aerobic respiration accounts for more ATP per monosaccharide. B.1.h, B.1.i Critical Vocabulary Accessory pigment ADP Aerobic Anaerobic ATP Autotrophs Calvin Cycle Carbohydrates Carotenoid Respiration Transport Chain Cycle Dependent Reactions Independent Reactions Unit 5: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Writing Assignments: Analyze a scientific news story Readings: News articles How and Why Do Leaves Change Color?-mentalfloss.com Labs/Activities: Is Yeast Alive? Respiration Lab
Essential Question Addressed Learning Goal ACT Quality Core Standards NGSS 1. How does the search for the structure of DNA and the central dogma demonstrate the nature of science? I can describe the experiments of major scientists in determining both the structure of DNA and the central dogma C.1.a HS-LS1-1 2. How do the processes of the central allow organisms to organize and function in a way that sustains life? I can describe the basic structure and function of DNA, mRNA, tRNA, amino acids, polypeptides, and proteins (replication, transcription, and translation) C.1.b I can use mRNA codon charts to determine amino acid sequences. C.1.c I can use mRNA codon charts to determine the effects of different types of mutations on amino acid sequence and protein structure (e.g. sickle cell anemia resulting from base substitution mutation) C.1.d I can describe how gene expression is regulated in organisms. C.1.e I can complete a major project relating to recombinant DNA, cloning, or stem cell research. C.1.n Critical Vocabulary Acid Base pairing Codon Deletion DNA Gene expression Gene regulation HOX Insertion Cells Unit 8: DNA and Proteins Writing Assignments: Analyze a scientific news story Genetic Research Paper Readings: News articles Rosalind Franklin Article
Discussion of Readings – Review Statistical Models Discuss Data Analysis Project STS Proj Paper Due (Wed 8am) Prepared to discuss the following readings – Ch 5.1-7 - Reasoning March 12 No Classes – Spring Break Week March 19 Meet in Currens 336 Discussion of Data Analysis Project Discussion of Reasoning Book and Ways Due: Submit Preliminary Literature Review and Problem Definition for Data Analysis Proj. (Mon 8am) Due: Tech Design Proj (Wed 8am) Inquiry Project should be set up and running by the beginning of this week if not before. Prepared to Discuss the following readings: Chapter 6.1-3 – Reasoning and Ways -- Scudder March 26 Meet in Currens 336 Discussion of Reasoning and Ways Readings Discussion of Data Analysis Project Inquiry Project Group Work Time (30 min) Submit Lit Review and Problem Definition for Data Analysis Project. (Mon 8am) Prepared to discuss the following readings: Chapter 7.1-5 - Reasoning Prepared to discuss the following essays: Root-Bernstein 02 Meet in Currens 336 Discussion of Ways readings Discussion of Data Analysis Project Data Analysis Project – Computer time in Currens 529 Prepared to discuss the following essay from the Ways book: Kneller, and the Reasoning book, Chapter 8:1-3 April 09 Meet in Currens 336 Discussion of Ways Discussion of Data Analysis Project Data Analysis Project – Computer time in Currens 529 Discussion of Inquiry Project as needed and Group work time Submit Data Evaluation for Data Analysis Project (remember this is an evaluation of data sources, assumptions, limitations, quality, etc., not examining the relationships between the data sets). (Mon 8am) Prepared to discuss the following essays from the Ways book: von Baeyer – Fermi, and Keller, and Ch. 8.4-6 -- Reasoning April 16 Meet in Currens 336 Discussion of Readings Discussion of Data Analysis Project Data Analysis Project – Computer time in Currens 529 Discussion of Inquiry Project as needed and Group work time Due: Inquiry Project Initial Data Analysis along with revised Introduction, Lit Review, and Methods sections (Mon 8am) Prepared to discuss the following essays: Hoagland and Wynn from Ways, and Chapter 8:7-8
concentration greater inside the cell) Iso At equilibrium - no net change molecules constantly moving at equal rates Stays the same Draw what would happen to each type of cell in each solution. Use arrows to show the directions of water. Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Plant Turgor Plasmolysis Animal Cytolysis Crenation Active Transport Does it Require Energy? (ATP) Movement Direction it moves on the Concentration Gradient Examples: YES Up hill Against Endocytosis Exocytosis Types: Directions of Movement What is going on? Exocytosis Out of the cell away from the cell Endocytosis: Phagocytosis Cellular eating, goes into the cell Adds to the cell membrane Endocytosis: Pinocytosis Cellular drinking, goes into the cell, add to the cell membrane
1 cell division 2 cell division 2 genetically similar daughter cells 4 genetically unique daughter cells Same number of chromosomes at the end (n or 2n) ½ the number of chromosomes (n) All cells but gametes Only gametes 1 cell to 2 2 parents to 1 4 Ch 12 DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation How was DNA first discovered? Girffith – looking for vaccine for pneumonia, injected into mice transformation Avery – separated out DNA, RNA and Proteins DNA needed to be present Hershey- Chase- used radioactive isotopes DNA isotopes found in cells What makes up a nucleotide? 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) Phosphate group Nitrogenous base Label the parts. Phosphate Nitrogenous base Sugar What are the 4 nitorgenous bases? What are the complementary pairs? Adenine Thymine
Complete the Chart Passive Transport Does it Require Energy? (ATP) Movement Direction it moves on the Concentration Gradient Examples: 1. 2. 3. 4. Define Diffusion: Define Osmosis Types: Directions of Movement What happens to the Cell? Draw what would happen to each type of cell in each solution. Use arrows to show the directions of water. Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Plant Animal Active Transport Does it Require Energy? (ATP) Movement Direction it moves on the Concentration Gradient Examples: Types: Directions of Movement What is going on? Exocytosis Endocytosis: Phagocytosis
Prokaryote: Means “before nucleus” and includes the domains Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryote: Means “true nucleus” and includes the domain Eukarya Biological Domain: The highest and most inclusive classification for life on Earth. Bacteria: this domain includes all bacteria, which are PROKARYOTIC Archaea: similar to bacteria but unique in a number of ways, also PROKARYOTIC Eukarya: this domain includes all plants, animals, and fungi, which are EUKARYOTIC ORGANELLE STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, and LOCATION: Centriole organelles made of microtubules involved in cell division Golgi Apparatus process materials manufactured by the cell Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Site of lipid synthesis Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Site of protein synthesis Ribosome produces proteins
FACILITATED DIFFUSION: To facilitate something is to help it occur. Remember how some particles where too large to cross the cell membrane by SIMPLE DIFFUSION, or move too slowly? This is where membrane protein channels help out by FACILITATING the diffusion of these particles. Active Transport: The movement of particles AGAINST the concentration gradient. This REQUIRES CELLULAR ENERGY to perform. This is commonly seen in cells, where ions must be pumped against their concentration gradient (by…you guessed it…membrane proteins!) in order to create an electric potential (like a battery) for signal transmission. ENDOCYTOSIS: **”into cell” ENDO IN** A cell envelopes an object of interest until it forms a “bubble” around the object. The cell membrane then changes shape so that the cell membrane is reestablished and a vesicle (containing the object) is on the inside of the cell. When the object is solid (Ex. White blood cell “eating” a bacterial cell) it is called PHAGOCYTOSIS (cell “eating”). When the object is some amount of liquid it is called PINOCYTOSIS (cell “drinking”). EXOCYTOSIS: **“out of cell” EXO think EXIT** A cell moves a vesicle (typically containing wastes) towards the border of the cell membrane. The vesicle and the cell membrane merge expelling the vesicle’s contents outside of the cell and reestablishing the cell membrane. It looks a lot like endocytosis in reverse. ***When comparing the fluid within a cell and a fluid outside of a cell, we can characterize the solution a cell is in by describing it as HYPOTONIC, ISOTONIC, or HYPERTONIC** Hypotonic solution- the concentration of solute particles is greater within the cell than outside of the cell; this will cause to water to enter the cell through osmosis, and the cell will swell (possibly bursting in the process depending on a number of factors).
◄ ~ November 2015 ~ ► Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat 1 Daylight Saving Time Ends 2 Professional Learning Day (No School) 3 Professional Learning Day (No School) Election Day 4 Write and label the chemical reaction that represents cellular respiration. 5 In for cellular respiration to happen, three (3) processes must occur. What are these processes? 6 Name the macromolecule used more often to produce energy, even though it does NOT produce the most ATP. 7 _____/20 8 9 organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting and packaging proteins in an eukaryotic cell? 10 Draw and label the parts of a condensed, duplicated chromosome. 11 Describe two (2) functions of catalysts in chemical reactions. Veterans' Day 12 How does fermentation relate to ATP and the process of glycolysis? 13 Give two (2) reasons why your body cells need to divide. 14 15 16 What is produced at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis? 17 Name and describe the phases of the cell cyle. 18 Explain the major difference between a normal cell and a cancer cell? 19 What is the difference between phenotype and genotype? Provide an example of each. 20 a T-chart, compate and contrast the proceses of Mitosis and Meiosis; include at least one (1) similarity and three (3) differences. 21 _____/20 22 23 Thanksgiving Break 24 Thanksgiving 25 Thanksgiving Break 26 Thanksgiving Day 27 Thanksgiving Break 28 29 30 On December Calendar Notes: EXTRA SPACE (Drawings, Notes, Etc.)
V. Holguin D. Puente M. Dapron J. Leal 1 4:00-5:00 C304 7A/7E Evidence & natural selection 2 4:00-5:00 C302 8C Taxonomic groups 3 4:00-5:00 C313 10B Systems - Plants 4 4:00-5:00 C310 11A Homeostasis 5 6 7 8 4:00-5:00 C304 11A Homeostasis 9 4:00-5:00 C302 7A/7E Evidence & natural selection 10 4:00-5:00 C313 8C Taxonomic groups 11 4:00-5:00 C310 10B Systems - Plants 12 13 14 15 4:00-5:00 C304 10B Systems - Plants 16 4:00-5:00 C302 11A Homeostasis 17 4:00-5:00 C313 7A/7E Evidence & natural selection 18 4:00-5:00 C310 8C Taxonomic groups 19 20 21 22 4:00-5:00 C304 8C Taxonomic groups 23 4:00-5:00 C302 10B Systems - Plants 24 4:00-5:00 C313 11A Homeostasis 25 4:00-5:00 C310 7A/7E Evidence & natural selection 26 27 28 29 4:00-5:00 C304 7A/7E Evidence & natural selection 30 NOVEMBER 2016 Biology tutoring begins promptly at 4:00 p.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m. Monday through Thursday an activity bus will be available to pick up students at 5:15 p.m.
by these species (Salisbury 2006). All three species have been reported to hybridize with each other (FitzJohn et al. 2007; Warwick et al. 2009). However, natural hybrids in fields and riversides were reported only for B. napus x B. rapa hybrids (Warwick et al. 2009). There is no other evidence suggesting that hybrids formed between B. napus and other wild relatives could establish in nature (Wei & Darmency 2008).
hybrids could be seen as intermediates. For example, B. juncea could act as an intermediate species for B. napus. If genes from B. napus were to be introgressed into the genome of B. juncea, B. juncea could act as bridge to transfer these genes into B. nigra, and from the latter into S. arvensis (Andersson & Vicente 2010). Crossing between B. juncea and B. nigra is possible because they share a common genome (the B genome, see Figure 1). However, hybridization between these species has not been observed under natural conditions. Hybrids have only been produced under artificial conditions and backcrossing to B. nigra does not produce viable plants (Salisbury 2006). Thus, this introgression pathway is considered highly unlikely. B. rapa has also been proposed as an intermediate species. Indeed, B. napus and B. rapa have been shown to hybridize in the field under natural conditions (see Section 9.3 for more details). However, such hybrids are less competitive and persistent than their parents, due to lower fertility and reduced dormancy (Bing et al. 1991; Jorgensen et al. 1999). B. rapa does not hybridize with B. tournefortii, H. incana, R. raphanistrum or S. arvensis (Warwick et al. 2009). Based on the available data, the potential for gene transfer to weed relatives using B. rapa as a bridge is considered unlikely.
Biology Pathway Courses Amherst Boston Dartmouth Lowell Biology I (with lab) BIOLOGY 151 Introductory Biology I BIOL 111 General Biology I BIO 121 Biology of Organisms I BIO 131 Biology of Organisms Lab I 81.111 Principles of Biology I 81.117 Experimental Biology I Biology II (with lab) BIOLOGY 152 Introductory Biology II BIOLOGY 153# Introductory Bio. Lab BIOL 112 General Biology II BIO 122 Biology of Organisms II BIO 132 Biology of Organisms Lab II 81.112 Principles of Biology II 81.118 Experimental Biology II Physics I (lab varies) PHYSICS 131 Introduction to Physics I Lab PHYSIC 107^ College Physics I PHYSIC 181 Physics Laboratory I PHY 101** Introduction to Physics I 95.103* General Physics I Physics II (lab varies) PHYSICS 132 Introduction to Physics II Lab PHYSIC 108 College Physics II PHYSIC 182 Physics Laboratory II PHY 102 Introduction to Physics II 95.104 General Physics II Chemistry I (with lab) CHEM 111^ General Chemistry Science CHEM 115^ Chemical Principles I CHEM 117 Chemical Principles I Lab CHM 151^ Principles of Modern Chemistry I CHM 161 Introduction to Applied Chemistry I 84.121 Chemistry II 84.123 Chemistry I Laboratory Chemistry II (with lab) CHEM 112 General Chemistry Science CHEM 116 Chemical Principles II CHEM 118 Chemical Principles II Lab CHM 152 Principles of Modern Chemistry II CHM 162 Introduction to Applied Chemistry II 84.122 Chemistry I 84.124 Chemistry II Laboratory Organic Chemistry I (with lab) CHEM 261 Organic Chemistry CHM 251 Organic Chemistry I 84.221 Organic Chemistry IA
CHEM 263 Organic Chemistry Lab I CHM 263 Bio-organic Chemistry Lab I 84.229 Organic Chemistry Lab IA Organic Chemistry II (with lab) CHEM 262 Organic Chemistry CHM 264 Organic Chemistry Lab II CHM 252 Organic Chemistry II CHM 264 Bio-organic Chemistry Lab II 84.222 Organic Chemistry IIA 84.230 Organic Chemistry Lab IIA Statistics STATISTC 240 Introduction to Statistics 92.283 Introduction to Statistics Calculus MATH 127^^1 Calculus for the Life and Social Sciences I 3 OPTIONS^^ MTH 102^^ Elementary Calculus for Life and Social Sciences 92.138^^ Calculus for the Life Sciences I Statistics II STATISTC 501 1 Methods of Applied Statistics Java CMPSCI 121 1 Introduction to Problem Solving with Computers *Algebra/Geometry knowledge required **College Algebra prerequisite/recommended #Lab with 2nd term ^Precalculus prerequisite ^^Calculus Life Science 1-1 of 3 required
Year at Glance Human Reproduction (How do we grow?) Cells: Engage Activity Lesson: The Sailor Cell Membranes and Cell Walls: Diffusion and Osmosis (Scientific Method) Make your own lab: Potato Osmosis Lunch 11:30-12:30 Finish results of Potato Osmosis Lab Reviewing the HOT lab: Diffusion and Osmosis Genetics (How do we become different?) Determine the Identity of the Mystery Donor Heredity: Differences in Similar Phenotypes (HSL) The Genetics of Eye Color (Article) Making Karyotypes (HSL) Karyotypes (If time) Karyotype Lab Quarter 4 Introduction Norms Year at Glance Molecular Genetics DNA Structure: Extracting DNA Khan Academy: Introduction to DNA DNA Replication: Develop an Essential Question from item specs Candy DNA Replication Lab Protein Synthesis: Protein Makes Sense Lunch 11:30-12:30 Biochemistry Macromolecules: Building Monomers of Macromolecules Evaluation: Identification of Macromolecule Factors affecting Enzymes Lab Properties of Water: Inquiry Process Review Connections to previous units Discussion of EOC Review
“Let Food be Thy Medicine, and Medicine Thy Food” ~Hippocrates VICTOR VALLEY COLLEGE SYLLABUS Fall 2018 Course No.: Biology 110 Course Human Physiology Units: 3.0 Section No.: 70584 Class Hours: 2:20 Pm – 5:30 pm Days: W Room No.: 31-1 Instructor Name: Dr. Harvey, PhD Office No.: 6 Victor Valley College 18422 Bear Valley Road Victorville, CA 92392 (760) 245-4271, X 2658 e-mail: lisa.harvey@vvc.edu Visit Victor Valley College online at FALL Term Begins August 27 Labor Day Holiday (college closed) September 3 Veteran’s Day Holiday (college closed) November 11- 12 Thanksgiving Holiday (college closed) November 22-24 FALL Term Ends December 15 Sixteen (16) week term August 27 – December 15 Off-Campus Sixteen (16) week term August 27 – December 15 (Does not follow VVC calendar, see that site’s calendar for holidays) First Twelve (12) week term August 27 - November 17 Second Twelve (12) week term September 24 – December 15 First Eight (8) week term August 27 – October 20 Second (8) week term October 22 – December 15 NOTE – CAMPUS IS CLOSED and CLASSES WILL NOT BE HELD ON CAMPUS THE FOLLOWING DATES: September 3rd, November 12th, November 22nd, November 23rd, November 24th STATEMENT OF ACCESS: Students with special needs are encouraged to meet with instructors to discuss the opportunity for academic accommodation and referral to Disabled Students Programs and Services (DSPS) and services per Administrative Procedure (AP 3440). Course Description Introduction to the medical aspects of nutrition, intended for students pursuing a career in health care. Biological function and chemical classification of nutrients.
(1.) molecules constantly move and collide with each other. (2.) the concentration of a solution is never the same throughout a solution. (3.) the concentration of a solution is always the same throughout a solution. (4.) molecules never move or collide with each other. ___ 59. When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will (1.) move across the membrane to the outside of the cell. (2.) stop moving across the membrane. (3.) move across the membrane in both directions. (4.) move across the membrane to the inside of the cell. ___ 60. Which of the following is an example of an organ? (1.) heart (2.) epithelial tissue (3.) digestive system (4.) cell Short Answer Questions 61) What is the function of the ribosome? 62) What causes molecules to diffuse? 63) What are the major structural differences between plant and animal cells?
NAME: Regents Biology Homework Packet Unit 6: Cell Growth and Division Use your Biology by Miller & Levine textbook to complete and help with the following homework assignments. (1) Read the assigned (2) Define the vocabulary, and (3) Answer the questions. Neatness counts. Number the definitions. Write the page and number of the questions. Do your work in ink or even type the homework. Staple the definitions and questions to the HW packet. The homework assignment is due the day before the test. We will use the HW packet as a test review. The completed and corrected HW packet will be collected on the day of the test. Late homework assignments receive no credit (0). If the assignment is not turned in by the last day of the quarter the zero grade (0) will change to -5. Chapter 10: Cell Growth and Division Read pages 272 – 304 p. 274 Vocab (3) p. 279 (13) p. 286 (5) p. 292 Vocab (7) p. 278 #1c p. 284 #3a, 4b p. 290 #2a p. 297 #2a, 3a Regents Review: Pgs. 300 – 303 #1 – 28 Chapter 11.4: Meiosis Read pages 323 – 329 p. 323 Vocab (7) p. 329 #1b, 3a Regents Review: #1, 5, 9, 10
5. A protozoan population lives in the gut of termites and digests the wood the termite eats. Some of the byproducts of this process provide food for the termite. What type of symbiotic relationship is this? 6. What is an organism's niche? 7. How are decomposers important to an ecosystem? 8. What factors distinguish one type of biome from another? 9. Why aren't there clear-cut boundaries between biomes? 10. Why are there few, if any, trees in the tundra biome? 11. With all the lush vegetation found in the tropical rain forest biome, one would think that the soil would be rich in organic matter. Why is this not the case? 12. Why is the marine biome the most stable of all biomes?
V. Holguin D. Puente M. Dapron J. Leal 4:00-5:00 C302 1 4:00-5:00 C313 2 4:00-5:00 C310 4B - Homeostasis 3 4 5 6 4:00-5:00 C304 4B - Homeostasis 7 4:00-5:00 C302 1A/2H-Lab safety/Valid conclusions 8 4:00-5:00 C313 9 4:00-5:00 C310 10 11 12 13 4:00-5:00 C304 investigations 14 4:00-5:00 C302 4B - Homeostasis 15 4:00-5:00 C313 1A/2H-Lab safety/Valid conclusions 16 4:00-5:00 C310 17 18 19 20 4:00-5:00 C304 21 4:00-5:00 C302 22 4:00-5:00 C313 4B - Homeostasis 23 4:00-5:00 C310 1A/2H-Lab safety/Valid conclusions 24 25 26 27 4:00-5:00 C304 1A/2H-Lab safety/Valid conclusions 28 4:00-5:00 C302 29 4:00-5:00 C313 30 SEPTEMBER 2016 Biology tutoring begins promptly at 4:00 p.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m. Monday through Thursday an activity bus will be available to pick up students at 5:15 p.m.
Scheme of Work AQA A-level Biology Year 2 of A-level This course covers the requirements of the second year of the AQA AS and A-level Biology specification. These schemes of work are designed to accompany the use of Collins’ AQA A-level Biology Year 2 Student Book. Each chapter is matched to the Specification Content and we have shown in which chapters the six Required Practicals may be carried out, to help you plan for these and the sourcing of necessary equipment. We have assumed that 120 one-hour lessons will be taught during the year to cover the specification. The schemes suggested are of course flexible, and editable, to correspond with your timetabling and to enable you to plan your own route through the course. AQA A-level Biology Year 2 of A-level: 120 hours Chapters Specification Content Required Practicals CHAPTER 1 Photosynthesis 3.5.1 Photosynthesis The light-dependent reaction in such detail as to show that: • chlorophyll absorbs light, leading to photoionisation of chlorophyll • some of the energy from electrons released during photoionisation is conserved in the production of ATP and reduced NADP • the production of ATP involves electron transfer associated with the transfer of electrons down the electron transfer chain and passage of protons across chloroplast membranes and is catalysed by ATP synthase embedded in these membranes(chemiosomotic theory) • photolysis of water produces protons, electrons and oxygen. The light-independent reaction uses reduced NADP from the reaction to form a simple sugar. The hydrolysis of ATP, also from Required practical 7: Use of chromatography to investigate the pigments isolated from leaves of different plants, e.g., leaves from shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant plants or leaves of different colours. Required practical 8: Investigation into the effect of a named factor on the rate of dehydrogenase activity in extracts of chloroplasts.
Clips Nutrient Absorption Video Clip Animal Defense Regulation Video Take notes over the video clips. Plant Reproduction in Angiosperms Human Body Systems: The 11 Champions 10.A, 10.B, 10.C Post-Test Score__________ Notes: Critical Thinking Questions 1. How do systems in animals interact to achieve nutrient management? 2. Which systems in animals interact to achieve reproduction?
Vocabulary Symbiotic Relationships Animal adaptations Trophic Levels Adaptation and Survival Biogeochemical Cycles Ecosystem Stability Video Clips Symbiotic Relationships Top Ten Animal Adaptations How Ecosystems Work: Energy Flow Biogeochemical Cycles Ecological Succession 12.A, 12.B, 12.C, 12.D, 12.E, 12.F Post Test Score__________ NOTES: Critical Thinking Questions 1. How is matter and energy transferred from one trophic level to the next?