mg/kg dose, SC or intra- incisional final skin closure Bupivacaine Dilute to 0.25 %, do not exceed 8 mg/kg total dose, SC or intra- incisional Use locally before making surgical incision, or before skin closure Slower onset than Lidocaine but longer (˜4-8 hour) duration of action. Do not give IV. Rat Drug Dose and Frequency Notes Opioid analgesia Buprenorphine 0.01-0.05 mg/kg IM or SC Pre-operatively for preemptive analgesia and post-operatively 4 – 12 hours Takes 1 h to be effective so should be given pre- emptively. Duration of effect is 4-6 h NSAID is recommended for continued pain relief. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesia (NSAID) – Note that prolonged use may cause renal, gastrointestinal, or other problems. Carprofen 5-10 mg/kg SC, PO Used pre- operatively for preemptive analgesia and post-operatively every 12-24 hour Depending on the procedure, may be used as sole analgesic, or as multi-modal analgesia with buprenorphine. Meloxicam 1-2 mg/kg PO, SC Once daily for up to 3 days Depending on the procedure, may be used as sole analgesic, or as multi-modal analgesia with buprenorphine. Local anesthetic/analgesics (Lidocaine and bupivacaine may be combined in one syringe for rapid onset and long duration analgesia) Lidocaine Dilute to 0.5%, should not exceed 7 mg/kg SC or intra- incisional Use locally before making surgical incision, or before final skin closure Use as local anesthetic, fast onset but duration of action is less than 1 h. Bupivacaine Dilute to 0.25%, should not exceed a total dose of 8 mg/kg SC or intra- incisional Use locally before making surgical incision, or before final skin closure Use as a local anesthetic, slow onset but duration of action is 4-8 h. Do not give IV.
Hamster Drug Dose and Route Frequency Notes Opioid analgesia Buprenorphine 0.05-0.1 mg/kg SC Every 8-12 hours Butorphanol 1-5 mg/kg SC Every 2-4 hours Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesia (NSAID) – Note that prolonged use may cause renal, gastrointestinal, or other problems. Aspirin 240 mg/kg PO Every 24 hours Flunixin 2.5 mg/kg SC Every 12 – 24 hours Consult with Vet regarding repeated administration. Local anesthetic/analgesics (Lidocaine and bupivacaine may be combined in one syringe for rapid onset and long duration analgesia) Bupivacaine 1-2mg/kg max dose, mixed with Lidocaine at 1-4 mg/kg Lidocaine Before incision is made Use as a local anesthetic, slow onset but duration of action is 4-8 h. Do not give IV. Lidocaine 1-4 mg/kg max dose, mixed with bupivacaine at 1-2 mg/kg bupivacaine Before incision is made Use as local anesthetic, fast onset but duration of action is less than 1 h. Rabbit Drug Dose and Route Frequency Notes Opioid analgesia Recommended: Buprenorphine 0.05 – 0.1 mg/kg SC or IP Used pre- operatively for preemptive analgesia and post-operatively 4-12 hrs When used as sole analgesic, typical regimen is: once at time of procedure, second dose will be administered 4-6 hours later. Additional doses every 8-12 hrs as needed. Consider multi-modal analgesia with NSAID and local analgesic. Buprenorphine SR 1.0-2.0 mg/kg SC Give once for 72 hours Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesia (NSAID) – Note that prolonged use may cause renal, gastrointestinal, or other problems.