Date: Location: Reg: Type: Operator: Upset Duration (mm:ss): Altitude Loss (ft): Average V/S: (fpm) Max. Distance from start of emergency (NM): Type of Loss of Control: 01-Dec-74 Near JFK airport, NJ, USA N247US B727-251 Northwest Orient 01:23 24,800 16,500 < 20 Pitots blocked, stall and spiral dive. 26-May-91 Near Bangkok, Thailand OE-LAV B767-329ER Lauda Air 00:29 (inflight break-up ~10,000 ft) 24,700 > 30,000 N/A Asymmetric thrust. Thrust reverser deployed in flight. 07-Dec-95 Near Grossevichi, Russia RA-85164 TU-154B Aeroflot 00:57 31,000 32,000 8 Roll upset, spiral. Fuel imbalance. 19-Nov-01 Near Kalyazin, Russia RA-75840 IL-18V IRS Aero 00:59 26,000 26,000 4 Dive from cruise and spiral. 21-Dec-02 Near Penghu Islands, Taiwan B-22708 ATR72 Trans Asia 00:40 18,000 27,000 2 Icing and stall. 16-Aug-05 Near Machiques, Venezuela MD-82 West Caribbean 03:30 31,000 12,000 17 Stall during cruise. 22-Aug-06 Near Donetsk, Ukraine RA-85185 TU-154M Pulkovo 02:46 39,000 14,000 3 Stall during cruise and spin.
Date: Location: Reg: Type: Operator: Upset Duration (mm:ss): Altitude Loss (ft): Average V/S: (fpm) Max. Distance from start of emergency (NM): Type of Loss of Control: 01-Jan-07 Makassar Strait, Indonesia PK-KKW B737 Adam Air 01:45 35,000 20,000 9 Roll upset. IRS malfunction. 15-Jul-09 Near Qazvin, Iran EP-CPG TU-154M Caspian Airlines 01:30 24,000 16,000 5 Roll upset and spiral. 12-Nov-01 New York, USA N14053 A300-605R American Airlines 00:24 2,300 5,750 1.5 Vertical stabiliser failure. 10-Oct-85 Near Sydney, Australia VH-IWJ IAI 1124 Pel-Air Aviation 00:25 5,000 20,000 (last 9 seconds) < 5 Simulated emergency instrument flight conditions check at night. Loss of SA. 09-Apr-08 Near Sydney, Australia VH-OZA SA227-AC Airtex 00:30 4,340 10,400 < 2 Spatial disorientation at night. AH unpowered. 03-May-05 Near Stratford, New Zealand ZK-POA SA227-AC Airwork (NZ) ~ 01:20 22,000 15,000 < 2 Steep spiral descent, overstress and break-up. Fuel trimming using rudder. 26-Jan-90 Near Meekatharra, Australia VH-MUA MU-2B-60 Great Western Aviation ~ 02:00 21,000 10,500 < 5 Icing & stall. Aircraft entered a spin. Steep, near vertical, descent. 07-Oct-07 Near Nanches, WA, USA N430A C208A Kapowsin Air Sports ~ 02:00 15,000 8,000 3 Hypoxia and stall. Pilot conscious but hypoxic.
Appendix D: Accident case studies – unresponsive crew/ hypoxia accidents Date: Location: Reg: Type: Operator: Upset Duration (mm:ss): Altitude Loss (ft): Av. V/S: (fpm) Max. Distance from start of emergency (NM): Loss of Control: 25-Oct-99 Aberdeen, SD, USA N47BA Lear 35 Sunjet Aviation 02:30 48,900 Planned: 39,000 > 30,000 Unavailable. Hypoxia, fuel exhaustion. Loss of control. 'Payne Stewart' flight. Spiral and 'severe' descent. 14-Aug-05 33 km NW Athens, Greece 5B-DBY B737-31S Helios Airways 11:52 N/A No LOC 0849:50 FL340 left engine flame-out. 0851:40 Start of descent. 0859:47 7,000 ft right engine flame-out. 0903:32 Impact. Hypoxia, fuel exhaustion. Under the partial control of a cabin crew member. 04-Sep-00 Qld, Australia VH-SKC Beech 200 Mining Charter Flight Unavailable 5,000 Unavailable Unavailable. Gradual steady descent over a period of hours. Planned cruise level was FL250. Observed at FL343. Hypoxia, fuel exhaustion. Low level loss of control. No CVR or FDR. 07-Oct-07 Near Nanches, WA, USA N430A C208A Kapowsin Air Sports ~ 02:00 15,000 8,000 3 Hypoxia and stall. Pilot conscious but hypoxic.
Appendix E: Accident case studies – a sample of accidents involving a glide Date: Location: Reg: Type: Operator: Duration (mm:ss): Altitude Loss (ft): Av. V/S: (fpm) Max. Distance from start of emergency (NM): Comments: 14-Oct-04 Jefferson City, MO, USA N8396A CL-600 Pinnacle Airlines 20:30 41,000 2,000 81 Dual engine flame-out. 2154:36 Stick-shaker. 2215:06 Impact. 23-Jul-83 Gimli, Canada C-GAUN B767-233 Air Canada 17:00 28,500 1,700 39 ‘Gimli Glider’. Fuel exhaustion. High for landing and side-slipped. 24-Aug-01 Azores, Portugal C-GITS A330-243 Air Transat 19:00 34,500 1,800 65 Fuel leak, fuel exhaustion. 16-Jan-02 Serenan, Indonesia PK-GWA B737-300 Garuda Indonesia ~ 4:00 18,500 4,600 ~ 35 Dual engine flame-out due to water/hail ingestion. Appendix F: Search Strategy Working Group underwater search areas