Glossaries selected construct-irrelevant terms for math. (instructional materials) text to facilitate transferring knowledge/skills from their primary language to English. Students use bilingual glossaries to find the meanings of content-specific words (e.g., math, science, history). Glossaries may be located in the appendices of their textbooks or instructional materials. 19. Translated Test Directions Students can see test directions in another language. Translated test directions Written translated test directions are provided on the page, on the board, or on a classroom visual media device. Students are provided both English and native-language directions to build skill and understanding in classroom directions. Translated instructions on assignments Students have their assignment directions translated into their native language. 20. Abacus This tool may be used in place of scratch paper for students who typically use an abacus. Counting devices (blocks, tiles, chips, etc.) or scratch paper Students use items to count during their instruction. 21. Alternate Response Options Alternate response options include but are not limited to adapted keyboards, large keyboards, StickyKeys, MouseKeys, FilterKeys, adapted mouse, touch screen, head wand, and switches. Dictated responses Students dictate responses to a teacher or an instructional assistant who records them. Students use communication boards, picture representations, or other individual expressive communication devices. 22. American Sign Language (ASL) Test content is translated into ASL video. An ASL human signer and the signed test content are viewed on the same screen. American Sign Language An ASL interpreter or ASL-certified instructor signs during instruction.
23. Braille A raised-dot code that individuals read with the fingertips. Graphic material (e.g., maps, charts, graphs, diagrams, and illustrations) is presented in a raised format (paper or thermoform). Contracted and non-contracted braille are available; Nemeth code is available for math. Braille Instructional materials and assignments are completed in braille. 24. Calculator A calculator can be accessed for calculator-allowed items. The student may use the calculator offered with assistive technology devices (such as a talking calculator or a braille calculator). Handheld calculators or computer calculators Calculators can be used to do basic calculation in math processes that are not being assessed. A student may use the calculator offered with assistive technology devices (such as a talking calculator or a braille calculator). 25. Closed Captioning Printed text that appears on the computer screen as audio materials are presented. Instructional videos; movies In-class videos and films are used that contain closed captioning. Closed captioning is used in foreign-language classes. 26. Math Tools Examples include embedded ruler or embedded protractor. Rulers, protractors, number lines, manipulatives Students can use rulers, protractors, and manipulative materials to complete graphs, rays, and circumferences. 27. Multiplication Table A paper-based single-digit (1–9) multiplication table. Paper-based multiplication table Students use a multiplication table (often it is a sticker on their desk) during regular instruction and assessments. 28. Print on Demand Paper copies of passages/stimuli and/or items are printed for students. Printed materials Teacher-provided print materials are used to facilitate learning activities. Photocopies of passages are used instead of textbooks, so that students can write and/or highlight.