2. With the transmitter antenna enclosed in a radome and not visible to the subject, the antenna was rotated at various rates. Thus, the RF beam swept by the subject several times a minute. The subjects invariably perceived when they were swept by the RF beam. 3. Subjects we re blindfolded and the beam was broken repeatedly in an irregular fashion by interposing a screen shield between the source and the subject. The subjects' report of when the sound was "on" and "off" correlated perfectly with the unshielded and shielded conditions. 4. Subjects were placed in pairs in the RF beam. A screen shield was placed between the source and head of one member of each pair. The RF sound immediately ceased for the shielded member of the pair. The RF sound continued for the unshielded member. 5. Ear plugs rated to attenuate sound an average of 30 db were placed in the ears of subjects in the RF beam. The subjects reported a reduction in ambient noise level and an increase in the level of the RF sound, the latter probably being relative. 6. One of the deaf subjects had an average air conduction loss of 50 db. Bone conduction was fairly good; at worst he was down 25 db. His high-frequency response was relatively good. He could hear the RF sound with power densities approximating that needed for threshold perception in normals. 7. When a screen shield was placed so that it back RF energy which had passed the subject. the subject reported an increase in volume of the RF sound. 8. The subjects reported, when asked to localize the source of the RF sound, that the apparent source was a short distance behind the head. No matter how they were rotated in the RF field, they localized the source in the same place; behind the head. ' Frey concluded from his findings that it is difficult to accept that the perception of the RF !? sound is induced by acoustic energy external to the tympanic membrane. PULSED ENERGY SLEEP Although pulsed energy sleep utilizes frequencies far below the range used for radars, it is an effect produced on the human brain by pulsed electric energy of comparatively low power and should
that any causing a comparable rise in ocular temperature would produce a comparable result. Hartman has stated[40]: "The physiological and pathological reactions to hyperpyrexia alone, induced by whatever mechanisms, such as hot baths. heated cabinets, diathermy, eat stroke, thermal burns. and microwaves are essentially comparable." Imig[41] plotted temperature gradients induced by 12.25 cm. Microwaves in excised beef eyes and found that the point of maximum temperature was in the vitreous body at the posterior surface of the lens, and hence agreed with the site of damage. Carpenter undertook to study the effect of increasing the ocular temperature by means other than microwave radiation. The beam from a 4.5 amp. carbon arc source, passed through an infrared filter transmitting only wavelengths from 1000 to 3000 millimicra, was focused either on the anterior or on the posterior capsule of the lens in the anesthetized animal. With focus on the anterior capsule and a 6-minute exposure , the cornea was severely burned with subsequent ulceration, scarring, and vascularisation. Although the lens was thereby almost obscured, it remained possible to identify an opacity on or beneath the anterior capsule, in most of the experiments. focus was on the posterior capsule, so that the cornea was spared from burn and suffered only a transient clouding. With duration of exposure of either 5 or 10 minutes, opacities resulted in every case but they were always located in the anterior cortex of the lens. despite the infrared being concentrated at the posterior capsule. The results are in agreement with various other observations on cataracts caused by infrared radiation. The opacities occur typically in the anterior cortex and in this respect differ from those caused by either microwave or ionizing radiation. STUDY OF POSSIBLE INTERFACE EFFECT AT LENS-VITREOUS BODY BOUNDARY Several suggestions have been offered to explain why opacities induced by microwave energy occur typically in the posterior cortex of the lens, just beneath the capsule. One suggestion was that there might be an interface effect at the lens cortex-posterior capsule boundary or at the capsule-vitreous body boundary, with resulting reflection of power to cause a concentration in the posterior influence
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