locations within the AQMA which are likely to fail the 1- hour objective. These sites are , , and Roseburn Terrace/Street junction. Therefore, the will need to be amended to take account of a failure to meet the 1–hour objective and the new Action Plan will need to reflect this. Real Time Monitoring The real-time monitoring stations are set back from the roadside and are not in a canyon or junction location, which is why concentrations at these sites are much lower compared with passive diffusion tube monitoring. This data is seen below in Table 3. The passive diffusion tube monitoring represents likely exposure at the facades of residential tenement property. Table 3: Real -time monitoring nitrogen dioxide concentrations (g/m3). Location 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Gorgie Mean /m3 Number of exceedences 42 0 38 0 40 0* 38 0 39 0 37 0 34 0 41** 0 40 0 Haymarket Mean /m3 Number of exceedences 38 0 37 0 42 10 42 0 41 0 37 0 38 0 39 0 42 1 Queen St/ Mean /m3 Number of exceedences 42 0 38 0 39 6 44 0 41 0 37 0 35*** 0
Mandatory emissions controls for buses - Bus Euro 3 min (Mandatory) CEAA 2009 Voluntary emission controls for - Bus Euro 2 retrofit (Voluntary) CEAA 2009 - Bus Euro 3 retrofit (Voluntary) CEAA 2009 Mandatory emission controls for road freight vehicles A HGV+LGV TRO Euro 3 min (Mandatory) LES 2010 B HGV+LGV TRO Euro 4 min (Mandatory) LES 2010 Voluntary emission agreements with freight operators C.1 HGV+LGV Euro 3 min (Voluntary) – no incentives CEAA 2010 C.2 HGV+LGV Euro 3 min (Voluntary) – with incentives CEAA 2010 Mandatory emissions control for taxis and phvs Not considered past scoping phase Voluntary emissions control for taxis and phvs Not considered past scoping phase Retrofitting older vehicles D LGV Retrofit Pre-Euro and Euro 1 vans CEAA 2008 Scrappage of older vehicles E.1 Cars+LGV Scrappage of vans and cars – PT pass CEAA 2008
Table 6 below shows a summary of the LES emission benefits and cost effectiveness in £ per tonne. Figures in red highlight the main options in reducing emissions. LES option No veh Total Year 1 emission reduction (t/yr) % emission reduction over total baseline CEAA Year 1 Lifetime cost – effectiveness £ per tonne NOx PM10 NOx £/t PM10 £/t Mandatory bus (Euro 3 min) 233 87.5 4.5 5.0 5.3 1.9 – 3.3 74 - 120 Voluntary bus Euro 2 retrofit 22 9.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 2.7 – 6.0 26 - 37 Euro 3 retrofit 22 6.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 3.9 – 8.6 29 - 43 Combined Euro 2 & Euro 3 44 15.3 0.9 0.9 1.1 3.2 – 7.0 27 - 40 Mandatory freight A Euro 3 min 5271 16.4 0.7 0.9 0.8 218 – 7,746 5,325 – 31,970 B Euro 4 min 9534 57.2 3.1 3.3 3.6 50 – 4,138 862 – 14,606 Voluntary freight
1.1 Establish baseline of bus fleet composition in relation to NO2 ‘hotspots’ from Bus operators Lothian, Stagecoach and First Bus Transport Policy/SDU 2008 Important to establish the type of Euro engine in AQMAs May assist in determining whether removing or re vehicles would improve conditions within AQMA. 1.2 Host a seminar with bus operators Bus Operators SDU/Transport 2008 Raise awareness of current air quality issues. 1.3 Extend the Bus Emission Partnership to all bus operators in the city. Bus Operators SDU/Transport Policy Launch Sep 2008 Brings all bus operators on board. 1.4 minimum requirements of the Partnership and evaluate retrofitting options Bus Operators SDU/Transport 2008 Crucial to ensure the cleanest buses operating within the AQMAs. Actions on Freight Freight Quality Partnership As a way of working towards a sustainable freight distribution network, a Freight Quality Partnership (FQP) will be developed. Through this Partnership, measures will be developed in relation to freight distribution to achieve a balance between improving the local economy and protecting the environment. These measures may include the production of freight route maps, zoning systems in urban areas to direct heavy goods vehicles, defining and enforcing delivery times, reviewing parking and loading restrictions, consolidation areas where goods are transferred to smaller deliver vehicles, and reducing the amount of HGV traffic through
volume of new and existing traffic will overwhelm any positive impacts from mitigation measures. Actions Consequently new actions in this area are: 3. Policy Planning and Assessment Action Aimed At Lead Timescale Effectiveness/Comment 3.1 Run a series of internal seminars on Air Quality Monitoring Planning DQ Transport Planning SfC (support from SDU) Does not contribute directly to reducing air pollution but important work in relation to future hot spots. 3.2 Establish a city wide inventory of development sites Planning (support from SfC) Useful data. 3.3 Develop further modelling of air quality impacts around current developments SfC 2008 Useful data. Policy Initiatives: Transport Planning Local transport policies that aim to reduce congestion will also help to improve air quality. The Local Transport Strategy (LTS) is a formal document outlining Council's transport policies, plans and projects for Edinburgh Transport System. It contains items such as our aims and objectives, our specific strategy with both long-term plans and short-term schemes that may or may not have already secured funding. The strategy also presents ways in which Council hopes to obtain funding and how that funding will be spent. The strategy is a requirement in order to bid for funds from the Scottish Government for transport related schemes. Some key initiatives for the LTS include the introduction of tram lines
their vehicle fleet, and vehicle based operations. In addition, further evaluation of travel patterns will be undertaken to ensure efficiency along routes. Actions Consequently new actions in this area are: 6. Cleaner Vehicles : Action on Council Fleet Action Aimed At Lead Timescale Effectiveness/Comment 6.1 Develop Driver Eco Training Programme All Departments Corporate Transport Corporate Transport From 2008 and continuous Expected to result in a marginal reduction in polluting emissions from Council vehicles. 6.2 Evaluate use of telematics technology to fleet. All Departments Corporate Transport Corporate Transport From 2008 and continuous Expected to result in only a marginal reduction in polluting emissions from Council vehicles in addition to significant improvements already gained. 6.3 Review fleet routes and travel patterns All Departments Corporate Transport Corporate Transport From 2008 and continuous Expected to result in only a marginal reduction in polluting emissions from Council vehicles through reduction in total mileages. 6. Initiatives Campaign to Raise Awareness of Air Pollution
Mandatory emission controls for road freight vehicles A HGV+LGV TRO Euro 3 min (Mandatory) LES 2010 B HGV+LGV TRO Euro 4 min (Mandatory) LES 2010 Voluntary emission agreements with freight operators C.1 HGV+LGV Euro 3 min (Voluntary) – no incentives CEAA 2010 C.2 HGV+LGV Euro 3 min (Voluntary) – with incentives CEAA 2010 Mandatory emissions control for taxis and phvs Not considered past scoping phase Voluntary emissions control for and phvs Not considered past scoping Retrofitting older vehicles D LGV Retrofit Pre-Euro and Euro 1 vans CEAA 2008 Scrappage of older vehicles E.1 Cars+LGV Scrappage of vans and cars – PT pass CEAA 2008 E.2 Cars+LGV Scrappage of vans and cars – replacement vehicles CEAA 2008 F.1 Cars+LGV Scrappage of & Euro 1 vans and cars– PT pass CEAA 2008