-Summarize and explain how the war was financed (paid for) -Explain how women and minorities helped the war effort and why that was so important -Define and explain internment The Home Front Preparing for War – mobilization = preparing for war WWII brought Great Depression to an end Factories came back to life making products for war effort – jobs! American daily production doubled Axis Powers combined Unemployment reached 25% during the Depression, down to 1% in 1944 War Production Board – government agency to oversee war production Synthetic rubber to save for war, stopped producing cars in US factories Stopped making pleated pants and skirts to save fabric Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 – first peacetime draft – (why a peacetime draft?) Men ages 21-35 (later 38), 16 million Americans served Financing the war – Raised Liberty bonds, Conserved metal, gasoline, food worked in factories – Rosie the Riveter African Americans – worked in factories, but paid less, served in military Dorie Miller – cook who manned machine gun at PH (Cuba Gooding, Jr.) Tuskegee Airmen – Pilots, fought in N. Africa and Japanese American Internment Fear Japanese Americans would serve as secret agents for Japan Without evidence, FDR signed Executive 9066, began internment Forced relocation and imprisonment of 115,000 Japanese Americans 1988, Ronald Reagan signed Civil Liberties Act of 1988 which paid $20,000 to each surviving detainee Learning Goal 4 – I will be able to: -Explain how WWII affected the Great Depression -Define and explain mobilization -Define War Production Board & Selective Service and Training Act and explain how each helped the war effort -Summarize and explain how the war was financed (paid for) -Explain how women and minorities helped the war effort and why that was so important -Define and explain internment WWII & Great Depression Mobilization WPB, Selective Service
Italy – Italian and German troops defeated June 5, 1944, Mussolini killed Battle of Stalingrad After Hitler violated nonaggression pact and sent troops into Soviet Union, tough fighting ensued. German troops moved into Stalingrad, street by street fighting for months Stalin requests Allied invasion of Europe Like in WWI, would pull German troops to the west, Germany would be fighting a two front war and fewer soldiers left to fight the Soviets Allied forces too weak to conquer Atlantic Wall German supplies running low, did not get to Stalingrad before thousands of Germans froze and/or starved to death, January 1943, Hitler’s troops surrendered despite his orders not to… Turning point of war in the east Italy Rome liberated from Nazi control on June 5, 1944 Tuskegee Airmen, all black pilot regimen, of great importance and necessity in freeing Italy, helped move military toward desegregation Can’t invade Germany from b/c of the Alps Sets up D-Day invasion, most important military event of WWII in Europe Learning Goal 5 – I will be able to: -Locate North Africa on a blank world map -Explain the strategic advantage of North Africa -Explain the Battle of Stalingrad -Summarize why Stalin wanted an Allied invasion of Europe -Explain why the Allies invaded North Africa Strategic Advantage of North Africa Battle of Stalingrad
How the bomb’s use led to conclusion of WWII In your opinion, should the US have used it? Write a paragraph with at least two underlined reasons ON SEPARATE PIECE OF NOTEBOOK PAPER OR TYPED Interview with Paul Tibbets, of the Enola Gay that dropped “the bomb” on Hiroshima seated here, two old gaffers. Me and Paul Tibbets, 89 years old, retired, in his home town of Columbus, general