The technology model is designed to ensure that data derived from SCOS devices and SSM are not used as an attack vector against White Space Databases, regulator spectrum management databases, etc. It is also designed to ensure that only authorised Actors can make use of the SCOS resources, and that they are correctly identified to enable correct application of the relevant system policies. Intra-device Layer Security (physical interfaces) This standard defines security mechanisms to ensure integrity of sensing chain from antenna to data store. Antenna to amplifier/filters: physical security of device in terms of cable/connectors (tampering such as substituting antenna, physical such as connector corrosion) Amplifier to SDR: cable connectors or PCB connections SDR to processing unit: cable connectors or PCB connections Enclosure for active elements: Protection against moisture, dust ingress. Screening against RFI from external sources. Screening to protect antenna elements against RFI from active elements. (NOTE – this section needs considerable attention) Inter-Layer Security Network Layer Since this standard uses any available transport mechanism for data transmission, it will not recommend its own security mechanisms, but will use the existing security mechanisms of the transport mechanism being used (e.g. network 802.11 using Transport Layer Security, Application Layer Data transmissions should be secured on the application layer using mechanisms to guarantee the integrity and confidentiality of sensing and control data transmissions. This standard does not specify the technology used, but recommended implementation practices are noted in Annex B: Device and System Security Recommendations. Security of sensed data This Standard shall not support mechanisms that expose user data modulated onto signals. For example, any kind of demodulation of the signals that may interfere with the privacy of the users shall not be not be supported. However, the SCOS system shall support sophisticated spectrum sensing methods such as cyclostationary processing that can detect signals and characterize their modulation type.
Informative: Regulatory Technical requirements Various countries will have differing requirements here, but a few countries already have definitions in place that should be observed. For example, in the FCC rules for the VHF/UHF TV bands, the FCC requires a spectrum sensing detection accuracy as specified by the Table 1: FCC Sensing sensitivity requirements. Table 1: FCC Sensing sensitivity requirements Regulatory domain Type of signal Sensing detection threshold (in dBm) Data fusion rule for distributed sensinga Monitoring requirements USA ATSC –114 (averaged over 6 MHz) “OR” rule Detection threshold referenced to an omni-directional receive antenna with a gain of 0 dBi USA NTSC –114 (averaged over 100 kHz) “OR” rule Detection threshold referenced to an omni-directional receive antenna with a gain of 0 dBi USA Wireless microphone –107 (averaged over 200 kHz) “OR” rule Detection threshold referenced to an omni-directional receive antenna with a gain of 0 dBi aThe value “1” indicates detection. Other requirements for the 2.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz band shall be defined based on the evolving regulations. For example, the spectrum sensing devices in the 2.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz can sense for Radar Signals and provide that information to the Spectrum Access System (SAS) that is being defined in these bands.