The Sun as a Source of Light and Heat 4. By the end of grade 2, students will recognize that the sun supplies heat and light to the earth and is necessary for life. Kindergarten children will learn some properties of the sun and its impact on life on earth. Children can observe the properties of the sun in various ways (e.g., melting of ice or snow, heating of playground equipment or tools in the sun, drying of water in a puddle). Children can observe and compare the growth of plants in sunny and deeply shaded places to learn the impact of the sun on plant life. Periodic Phenomena 5. By the end of grade 2, students will identify some events around us that have repeating patterns, including the seasons of the year, day and night. Kindergarten children will identify some natural events that have repeating patterns, based on personal experience and observation. Children can choose a natural pattern (e.g., phases of the moon, where and in what phases the moon appears during the day, daily cycle of the sun) from a book they have listened to, learn where to find accurate information about that object or phenomenon, and chart the pattern (where in the sky the sun is when they arrive, at lunch, and when they go home). Children can listen to and retell stories, folk tales, or creation stories about night and day, and about objects in the sky (e.g., One Small Square: The Night Sky by Donald M. Silver; Happy Birthday, Moon by Frank Asch; Papa, Please Get the Moon for Me by Eric Carle). Life Science (Biology) Learning about plants and animals is most effective when taught in their natural settings. Observations and questions can be extended through dramatic play, narrative, books, and visual art. A return to the natural world can then stimulate more accurate observations, make connections, and integrate children’s learning. Characteristics of Living Things 1. By the end of grade 2, students will recognize that animals (including humans) and plants are living things that grow, reproduce, and need food, air, and water. Kindergarten children will understand that living things have similar needs (including humans). Children can talk about needs they have (e.g., food, water, air) in common with plants and animals, then observe and care for plants and small animals (e.g., fish, guinea pigs, salamander) as the teacher provides information about appropriate care for each animal or plant.
Galdone, Paul. Henny Penny. : Houghton Mifflin Company, 1984. Nicklaus, Carol. Rock-A-bye Babies. : Random House, 1994. Kubler, Annie. Ring Around the Rosie. : Child's Play International Ltd., 2003. Standard K.R.15.1 Friend, Catherine. My Head is Full of Colors. : Hyperion, 1994. Standard K.R.16.2 Aardema,Verna. Bringing the Rain to Kapiti Plain. Illustrated by Beatriz Vidal. : Penguin Putnam Books, 1993. Nelson, S. D. Gift Horse: A Lakota Story. : Harry N. Abrams, 1999. MATHEMATICS Number Sense and Operations Standard K.N.1 Thompson, Kim Mitzo, and Karen Mitzo Hilderbrand. Six Little Ducks Illustrated by Dorothy Stott. : School Specialty Publishing, 2006. DeFelice, Cynthia C. One Potato, Two Potato. Illustrated by Andrea U’Ren. : Farrar Straus Giroux, 2006. Standard K.N.3 Galdone, Paul. The Three Bears. : Clarion Books, 2001. Also available as a cassette. ———. The Three Little Pigs. : Clarion Books, 2006. Also available as a CD. ———. Henny Penny. : Houghton Mifflin Company, 1984. Standard K.N.4 Murphy, Stuart J. Just Enough Carrots. Illustrated by Frank Remkiewicz. : HarperTrophy, 1997. Aker, Suzanne. What Comes in 2’s, 3’s, & 4’s? Illustrated by Bernie Karlin. : Aladdin, 1992. Murphy, Stuart J. A Pair of Socks. Illustrated by Lois Ehlert. : HarperTrophy, 1996. Standard K.N.5 McMillan, Bruce. Eating Fractions. : Scholastic, 1991. Giganti, Paul. Each Had Eight Slices. Illustrated by Donald Crews. : HarperTrophy, 1999. Wood, Don and Audrey Wood. The Little Mouse, the Red Ripe Strawberry, and the Big Hungry Bear. Illustrated by Don Wood. : Child's Play International Ltd., 1984.
Standard K.N.8 Allen, Pamela. Who Sank the Boat? : Putnam Juvenile, 1996. Carter, David A. How Many Bugs in a Box? A Pop-up Counting Book. : Little Simon, 1988. Tompert, Ann. Just a Little Bit. Illustrated by Lynn M. Munsinger. : Houghton Mifflin/Walter Books, 1996. , Diane Johnston. How Many Feet in the Bed? : Aladdin, 1994. Schwartz, David M. How Much is a Million? Illustrated by Steven Kellogg. : HarperTrophy, 1993. Patterns, Relations, and Algebra Standard K.P.2 Pluckrose, Henry. Sorting. : Children’s Press (part of Scholastic Library Publishing),1995. Reid, Margarette S. The Button Box. Illustrated by Sarah Chamberlain. : Puffin, 1995. Aber, Linda Williams. Grandma’s Button Box. Illustrated by Page Eastburn O'Rourke. : Kane Press, 2002. Standard K.P.3 Pluckrose, Henry. Pattern. : Children’s Press, 1995. Standard K.P.4 Friedman, Aileen. The King’s Commissioners. Illustrated by Susan Guevara. : Scholastic, 1994. Geometry Standard K.G.1 Hoban, Tana. So Many Circles, So Many Squares. : Greenwillow, 1998. ———. Shapes, Shapes, Shapes. : HarperTrophy, 1996. ———. Circles, Triangles and Squares. : Simon and Schuster, 1974. Scott, Janine. The Shape of Things. : Compass Point Books, 2006. Burns, Marilyn. The Greedy Triangle. Illustrated by Gordon Silveria. : Scholastic, 1995. Silverstein, Shel. The Missing Piece. : HarperCollins, 1976.
Measurement Standard K.M.1 Slobodkina, Esphyr. Caps for : A Tale of a Peddler, Some Monkeys and Their Monkey Business. : HarperTrophy, 1987. Pluckrose, Henry. Length. : Children’s Press, 1995. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY/ENGINEERING Earth and Space Science Standard 5 Silver, Donald M. : The Night Sky. : McGraw-Hill, 1998. Asch, Frank. Happy Birthday, Moon. : Aladdin, 2000. Carle, Eric. Papa, Please Get the Moon for Me. : Simon and Schuster, 1991. Life Science (Biology) Standard 5 Ewart, Claire. Fossil. : Books for Young Readers, 2004. Aliki. Fossils Tell of Long Ago. : HarperTrophy, 1990. Standard 6 Faulkner, Keith. The Five Senses. Illustrated by Jonathan Lambert. : Cartwheel, 2002. Showers, Paul. The Listening Walk. Illustrated by Aliki. : HarperTrophy, 1993. Pfeffer, Wendy. Sounds All Around. Illustrated by Holly Keller. : HarperTrophy, 1999. Wells, Rosemary. Night Sounds, Morning Colors. Illustrated by David M. McPhail. : Dial Books, 1994. Standard 7 Boyle, Doe. Summer Coat, Winter Coat: The Story of a Snowshoe Hare. Illustrated by Allen Davis. : Soundprints, 1993. Standard 8 . Wildlife Refuge: A Classroom Adventure. Illustrated by Laura Jacques. : Charlesbridge Publishing, 1997. Hare, Tony. Animal Habitats: Discovering How Animals Live in the Wild. : Facts on File, 2001. Technology/Engineering Standard 1.2 Galdone, Paul. The Three Little Pigs. : Clarion Books, 2006. Also available as a CD.
HISTORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE Concepts and Skills History and Geography Concept and Skill K.2 Martin Jr., Bill, and John Archambault. Knots on a Counting Rope. Illustrated by Ted Rand. : Scholastic, 1987. Little, Lessie Jones and Eloise Greenfield. Children of Long Ago: Poems. Illustrated by Jan Spivey Gilchrist. : Lee and Low Books, 2000. Polacco, Patricia. The Keeping Quilt. : Aladdin, 2001. Concept and Skill K.5 Sweeney, Joan. Me On The Map. Illustrated by Annette Cable. : Dragonfly Books, 1998. Nunn, Tamara. My Global Address. Illustrated by Lauren Klementz-Harte. : Sagebrush, 1996. Civics and Government Concept and Skill K.6 Roehe, Stephanie. That’s Not Fair. : Minedition, 2004. Carlson, . It’s Not My Fault. : Carolrhoda Books, 2003. Economics Concept and Skill K.8 Chinn, Karen. Sam and the Lucky Money. Illustrated by Cornelius Van Wright and Ying-Hwa Hu. : Lee and Low Books, 1997. Williams, Vera. A Chair for My Mother. : HarperTrophy, 1984. O’Neill, Alexis. Estela’s Swap. Illustrated by Enrique O. Sanchez. : Lee and Low Books, 2002. Learning Standards History Standard K.H.1 Sis, Peter. Follow the Dream: the Story of Christopher Columbus. : Dragonfly Books (part of Random House), 1996. Frost, Helen. Independence Day. Illustrated by Gail Saunders-Smith. : Pebble Books, 2000. Adler, David, John Wallner, and Alexandra Wallner A Picture Book of George Washington. : House, 1990.
———. A Picture Book of Abraham Lincoln. : House, 1990. Waters, Kate. Sarah Morton’s Day: A Day in the Life of a Pilgrim Girl. : Scholastic, 1993. Additional references: Nelson, Robin. Independence Day. : Lerner Publications, 2003. Williams, Rozanne Lanczak. Long Ago and Today. : Creative Teaching Press, 1996. Civics and Government Standard K.C.G.5 Hines, Anna Grossnickle. All by Myself. : Houghton Mifflin/Clarion, 1985. Blegvad, Lenore. Anna Banana and Illustrated by Erik Blegvad. : Aladdin, 1987. Roop, Peter. The Jump. Illustrated by Bill Farnsworth. : Rising Moon Books, 1999. Gackenbach, Dick. Harry and the Terrible Whatzit. : Clarion Books, 1984. Atkins, Jeannine. Aani and the Tree Huggers. Illustrated by Venantius J. Pinto. : Lee and Low Books, 2000. Yolen, Jane. Go. Illustrated by Barbara Cooney. : Little, Brown Young Readers, 1995. Seuss, Dr. The Lorax. : Random House Books for Young Readers, 1971. Standard K.C.G.7 Bateman, Teresa. Red, White, Blue, and Uncle Who? The Stories Behind Some of America’s Patriotic Symbols. Illustrated by John O’Brien. : House, 2001. West, Delno C., and Jean M. West. Uncle Sam & Old Glory: Symbols of . Illustrated by Christopher Manson. : Atheneum, 2000. Economics Standard K.E.8 Carling, Amelia Lau. Mama and Papa Have a Store. : Dial, 1998. Crews, Donald. Bigmama’s. : HarperTrophy, 1998. COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH Physical Health Standard 1.1 Barner, Bob. Dem Bones. : Chronicle Books LLC, 1996.
Balestrino, Philip. The Skeleton Inside You. Illustrated by True Kelley. : HarperTrophy, 1989. Williams, Knuffle Bunny: A Cautionary Tale. : Hyperion, 2004. Standard 1.3 Holcomb, . Smile from Andy. Illustrated by Dot Yoder. : Jason and Nordic Publishers, 1989. Dwight, Laura. We Can Do It! : Star Bright Books, 1998. Bunnett, Rochelle. Friends in the Park. Illustrated by Carl Sahlhoff. : Checkerboard Press, 1993. Standard 3.2 Dooley, Norah. Everybody Cooks Rice. Illustrated by Peter J. Thornton. : Carolrhoda Books, 1992. ———. Everybody Bakes Bread. : Carolrhoda Books, 1995. Morris, Ann. Bread, Bread, Bread. Illustrated by Ken Heyman. : HarperCollins, 1989. Social and Emotional Health Standard 6.1 Polacco, Patricia. The Keeping Quilt. : Aladdin, 2001. Safety and Prevention Standard 8.1 Berger, Melvin. Germs Make Me Sick! Illustrated by Marylin Hafner. : HarperTrophy, 1995. Ross, Tony. Wash Your Hands! : Kane/Miller Book Publishers, 2000. Romanek, Trudee, Achoo: The Most Interesting Book You’ll Ever Read About Germs. Illustrated by Rose Cowles. : Kids Can Press, Ltd., 2003. Standard 8.4 Klein, Abby. Ready Freddy! Tooth Trouble. Illustrated by John Mckinley. : Scholastic Inc./Blue Sky Press, 2004. . Junie B., First Grader: Toothless Wonder. Illustrated by Denise Brunkus. : Scholastic, 2003. Munsch, Robert. Andrew’s Loose Tooth. Illustrated by Michael Martchenko : Cartwheel, 2002. Civardi, Anne, Michelle Bates, and Stephan Cartwright. Going to the Dentist. Illustrated by . PA: Usborne Books, 2005. Keller, Laurie. Open Wide: Inside. : Scholastic, 2001.
Zeman, Ludmila. Gilgamesh the King. : Tundra Books, 1998. Standard 1.4 Viorst, Judith. Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day. Illustrated by Ray Cruz. : Aladdin, 1987. Additional reference: Yolen, Jane. Sleeping Ugly. Illustrated by Diane Stanley. : Putnam Juvenile, 1997. Visual Arts Standard 2.3 Pfister, Marcus. The Rainbow Fish. Illustrated by J. Alison James. : North-South, 2000. Browne, Anthony. The Shape Game. : Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003. Carle, Eric. Draw Me a Star. : Putnam Juvenile, 1998. Standard 3.2 Kohl, MaryAnn, and Kim Solga Discovering Great Artists: Hands-On Art for Children in the Styles of the Great Masters. Illustrated by Kim Solga. : Bright Ring Publishing, 1997. Standard 3.3 Merriam, Eve, and Pam Paparone. Low Song. Illustrated by . : Margaret K. McElderry (an imprint of Simon and Schuster), 2001. Additional reference: Van Allsburg, Chris. Ben’s Dream. : Houghton Mifflin, 1982. Arts Connections Standard 10.1 Kindergartners. We Are All Alike; We Are All Different. Photographs by Laura Dwight. : Scholastic, 2002.
ENDNOTES Chapter 1: Introduction 1. Ackerman, Debra J., W. Steven Barnett, and Kenneth B. Robin. “Making the Most of Kindergarten: Present Trends and Future Issues in the Provision of Full-Day Programs,” Policy Report, National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER), 2005. Full text available at: . 2. All of the Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks may be found at: . 3. Full text available at: . 4. Daniels, Harry, Michael Cole, and James V. Wertsch. The Companion to Vygotsky. , : Press, 2007. 5. Bredekamp, Sue, & Carol Copple, eds. Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs. Rev. ed. : National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), 1997. 6. Elena Bodrova and Deborah Leong. Tools of the Mind. : Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall, 2007. 7. Eric Jensen. Teaching With the Brain in Mind. : Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD), 1998; Susan Drake. Creating Standards-Based Integrated Curriculum: Aligning Curriculum Content, Assessment, and Instruction. : Corwin Press, 2007. 8. Helm, Judy Harris, and Sallee Beneke. The Power of Projects: Meeting Contemporary Challenges in Early Childhood Classrooms-- Strategies and Solutions. : Teachers College Press, 2003. 9. Tomlinson, Carol, and Jay McTighe. Integrating Differentiated Instruction and Understanding by Design: Connecting Contents and Kids. : ASCD, 2006. 10. Middendorf, Cindy. Differentiating Instruction in Kindergarten: Planning Tips, Assessment Tools, Management Strategies, Multi-leveled Centers, and Activities that Reach and Nurture Every Learning. : Scholastic, 2007. 11. See . 12. See . 13. Wien, Carol Anne, Annette Coates, Bobbi-Lynn Keating, and Barbara Christine Bigelow. Designing the Environment to Build Connection to Place. : National Association for the Education of Young Children, May 2005. Full text available at: