along the nerve or its branches; (2) the exact anatomical site, intra or extra-neural location; (3) any communication to the adjacent joint along an articular branch; (4) the morphology of the cyst in terms of shape and pattern; and (5) denervation changes of the affected muscle compartment was also assessed. RESULTS Clinical findings The mean age of the patients was 38.2 years (range 9-67 years). There were ten males and two females in this series. Pain along the distribution of the involved nerve and weakness of muscles supplied by the same were the most common presenting symptoms and was present in all 12 patients. One lesion was asymptomatic. The same was discovered incidentally on the contralateral side during routine imaging. Four cases of INGCs involving the common peroneal nerve (CPN) were primarily diagnosed as cystic schwannoma and one suprascapular and obturator nerves lesion were labeled as a paralabral and obturator foramen ganglion cysts respectively. However, no labral tear was seen on MR imaging in either case. Of the 13 lesions, 6 cysts were excised or decompressed by surgery. The articular connection was excised during surgery in 4 out of 5 patients with CPN (PTF joint connection) and in one patient with suprascapular nerve (AC joint connection) involvement. The other cystic lesions included: 9 cases of extraneural ganglion cyst (ENGC) of PTF joint in close relation with CPN, one ENGC of radio-humeral (elbow) joint impinging upon the deep branch of radial nerve, 6 cases of paralabral cyst impinging upon the suprascapular nerve, 8 cases of cystic schwannoma and 8 cases of nerve abscesses related to HD involving various peripheral nerves. Table 2 summarizes the clinical details of patients with cystic lesions related to and of the nerve.
Table 3 Summery of magnetic resonance imaging findings of intraneural ganglion cyst of peripheral nerves SN Involved Nerve Extension Labral or Capsular Tear Joint abnormality Muscle denervation Anatomical extent along the parent nerve Branches Intra-articular extension 1. Rt CPN Upto sciatic bifurcation Recurrent articular Anterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - Muscles of anterolateral compartment of leg 2. Lt CPN Upto posterolateral fibular head Recurrent articular, deep peroneal Anterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - - 3. Rt CPN Upto sciatic bifurcation Recurrent articular, superficial and deep peroneal Anterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - Muscles of anterolateral compartment of leg 4. Lt CPN Upto posterolateral fibular head Recurrent articular, deep peroneal Anterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - - 5. Lt CPN Upto posterolateral fibular head Recurrent articular, deep peroneal Anterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - Muscles of anterolateral compartment of leg
6. Rt CPN Upto posterolateral fibular head Recurrent articular Anterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - Muscles of anterolateral compartment of leg 7. Rt CPN Upto neck of fibula Recurrent articular Anterior aspect of PTF Negative - 8. Rt obturator Along the lateral pelvic wall to pelvic brim Anterior division Anteromedial aspect of hip joint Negative - Adductor brevis and magnus 9. Rt suprascapular Suprascapular to spinoglenoid notch - - Negative - Supra and infraspinatus 10. Lt proximal sciatic At sciatic notch Articular Posteromedial aspect of hip joint Negative - - 11. Rt tibial Upto tibial nerve Articular, branch to popliteus muscle Posterior aspect of PTF joint Negative - - 12. Lt tibial Upto sciatic bifurcation Articular, branch to popliteus muscle, branch to tibialis posterior muscle Posterior aspect of PTF and knee joints Negative - Popliteus and tibialis posterior 13. Rt suprascapular From the level of AC joint to below Articular branch to AC joint AC joint Negative - -