Table 7.2: Matrix for Generic Impact prediction Community concern Proposed intervention Likely impacts /hazards from intervention Impact category and scale Persistence Insecurity Installation of security lighting Enhanced visibility Strongly Positive Can be Land fixing by power posts Negative Long-term Possible theft of accessories Negative Long-term Poor accessibility Provide motorable access roads and bridges Improved movement and service delivery Strongly Positive Can be Impacts of construction and works Negative Short-term Recovery of encroached road reserves Positive Can be Displacement of livelihoods Negative Long-term Inadequate water supply Provide water supply based on communal pipe stands/ water kiosks Benefits associated with access to clean water supply Strongly Positive Can be Economic spinoffs Positive Can be Minor displacement of properties to lay pipeline Negative Short-term Impacts of construction and civil works Negative Short-term Hazards associated with effluent water from public watering points Negative Long-term Possibility of spread of waterborne diseases from contaminated piped water Negative Long-term Inadequate access to sanitation Provision of adequate public toilets Health and social benefits accruing from access sanitation facilities Strongly Positive Can be Displacement of properties to create space for toilets Negative Long-term Impacts of construction and civil works Negative Short-term term term term
Disease spread from toilets Strongly Negative Long-term Foul smell from non maintained toilets Negative Long-term Inadequate management of solid waste Community-based waste management based on centralised receptacles/ dampos Benefits associated with garbage management Positive Can be Minor displacement to create space Negative Long-term Impacts of construction and works Negative Rodents/ garbage spoilage associated with poor maintenance /management Negative Long-term Inadequate drainage Provide drainage channels Shielding of property from flood inundation and other adverse impacts Strongly Positive Can be Construction stage impacts Negative Short-term Hazards of accidents from open canals Negative Long-term Hazards of WBD vectors in non maintained canals Negative Long Need to provide trunk drainage Hazards as above. Construction stage impacts can be severe Strongly Negative Long-term Encroachment on public facilities Reclamation of public utility land Public access to services such as recreation, access etc Positive Can be Displacement of livelihoods and property Negative Long Threat of secondary loss of reclaimed land Negative Long Antagonism and public discord Negative Short-term Menace of domestic animals Implement Municipal bylaws Elimination of nuisances Positive Can be
Loss of means to livelihood Negative Long-term Public antagonism and discord Negative Short-term Exposure to fire hazard Participatory decongestion project including provision of access roads Benefits of access to fire control service s Positive Can be Displacement of property and livelihoods Negative Long-term Public antagonism and discord Negative Short-term Need to extend supply and install supply points (Hose points) Impacts as above Negative Long-term
Table 8.3: Monitoring Plan for Construction Phase Impacts Project Activity/Task Primary Impact Recommended Mitigation Responsibility for mitigation Cost head Indicator These impacts are general to all projects but see table 8.4 below Land acquisition for construction Relocation of human settlements Prepare and implement Resettlement Action Plans LA Project development RAPs developed Deployment of workers on site Occupational health and safety concerns for construction crew and others Deploy qualified staff under competent supervision. Must provide PPEs. Contractor Contract for construction Clauses in contracts Sanitation concerns for construction crew Provide onsite sanitation facilities Ditto Proliferation of social concerns (commercial sex, alcohol and drug abuse, multiple homes, etc) Local hiring of workers coupled with a counselling programme Ditto Exposure to HIV/AIDS and other vices Local hiring of workers who go home after work coupled with sensitisation programmes. Ditto Material borrowing and transport Impacts in material borrow and transport areas Rehabilitate to NEMA approval Ditto Opening up sites for construction Stripping the land of vegetation and top soil. Avoid volatile / ecologically sensitive sites Ditto Damage to existing infrastructure (water, electricity) Map and zone out all infrastructures for preservation. Budgetary allocation for replacement. Ditto Generation of nuisances:-dust, noise and vibrations Prior warning to residents followed by effective management to shorten period of construction activity. Wet curing to Ditto
control dust Storage of fuel oils, lubricants, chemicals and flammable materials Hazards of fire outbreak, oil and chemical spills. Follow specifications of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, EMCA 1999 and others in the development and operation of stores. Ditto Maintenance of Plant and Equipments Generation of oil, filters and spare parts maintenance of machine / equipment All repairs in designated garages. Apply the 3Rs principle (Reduce, re-use and recycle) in waste management. Ditto Table 8.4: Monitoring Plan for Operation Phase Impacts Community concern Proposed intervention Likely impacts /hazards from intervention Mitigation plan Responsibility for mitigation Cost head Indicator Insecurity Installation of security lighting Possible theft of accessories Community policing Community O&M Management Committee in place Poor accessibility Provide motorable access roads and bridges Accidents from speeding vehicles Speed control measures LA Routine operating budget EMPs in Loss of reclaimed land Develop and implement community based policing RAP Community O&M EMPs in Inadequate water supply Provide supply based on communal pipe stands/ water kiosks Vandalism of supply infrastructure Develop and operate community based policing Community O&M EMPs in place Hazards associated with effluent water from public watering points Put in place community based management and control system Community O&M EMPs in place Possibility of spread of waterborne Community O&M EMPs in place
diseases from contaminated piped water Inadequate access to sanitation Provision of adequate public toilets Disease spread from non-maintained toilets Put in place community based management and control system Community O&M EMPs in place Foul smell from non maintained toilets Community O&M EMPs in place Inadequate management of solid waste waste management based on centralised receptacles/ dampos Rodents/ garbage spillage associated with poor maintenance /management Put in place community based management and control system Community O&M EMPs in place Inadequate drainage Provide drainage canals Hazards of accidents from open canals Community to fence off canal Community O&M EMPs in place Hazards of WBD vectors in non maintained canals Community of the canal Community O&M EMPs in place Need to provide trunk drainage Hazards as Construction stage impacts can be severe Community O&M EMPs in place Encroachment on public facilities Reclamation of public utility land Threat of secondary loss of reclaimed land Community policing Community O&M EMPs in Antagonism and public discord Capacity building through sensitisation Community O&M EMPs in place Menace of domestic animals Implement Municipal bylaws Loss of means to livelihood Zone out areas for livestock rearing Community O&M EMPs in place Public antagonism and discord Capacity building through sensitisation Community O&M EMPs in place
Exposure to fire hazard Participatory decongestion programme including provision of access roads Secondary loss of reclaimed land Community policing Community O&M EMPs in place Public antagonism and discord Capacity building through sensitisation LA/Community O&M EMPs in place Need to extend water supply and install supply points (Hose points) Community O&M FMPs in place
Table 8.6: Institutional Coordination within the KISIP Action level Planning Phase Feasibility Phase Approval Phase Implementation and monitoring Operation Phase 1 3 5 8 KISIP Coordinating Office Selects municipalities Approves investments Approves final design releases funding Reviews monitoring report and gives feedback to Municipality 2 4 6 7 9 10 Municipality Identifies Priority investments Jointly with KISIP Office Undertakes EIA Study and produces Final Design Mobilises community to participate in project development Undertakes implementation / supervises Impact mitigation Prepares monitoring Report for KISIP and Full Council Updates the EMP Supervises preparation of reports for NEMA Community Community Project Committees participate in monitoring activities of contractors Community Project Management Committees take charge of Impact mitigation at Operation Requisite skill Environmental sensitisation at both levels Municipality requires skills to supervise EIA, supervise design and draft contracts studies Municipality requires skills to supervise impact mitigation Municipality requires skills to make reports and supervise environmental mitigation Full Council requires environmental sensitisation Communities require O&M Municipality will require capacity to update the EMP Municipality requires skills to supervise/ prepare audit reports. *To track activity flow, follow the numbering and arrows
Kericho Municipal Council FDG. Visited Chelimo, Swahili and Laibon settlements Encroachments in Chelimo. Laibon and Swahili: no encroachments Social Impacts: Relocations Garissa Municipal Council FGD. Visited Jamhuri, Mashambani, Bura and Stadium Little encroachment noted in Bura. The encroachment mostly affecting perimeter fencing. Jamhuri, not in year 1 investments but visited on request from a local councillor, there is extensive encroachment into road reserves. There is also heavy presence of Prosopis chilensis (Mathenge tree) which is preferred especially along the perimeter fence for security. Social Impacts: Access blockage by Mathenge tree Damage to existing infrastructure Environmental impacts: Flooding during rain and risk f disease due to water borne diseases Machakos Municipal Council FDG. Visited Swahili (Mjini) and Kariobangi Kariobangi has no encroachments, therefore no displacements or relocations. The land slopes steeply to the east on the eastern side, and some residents living downstream of sewer line. Swahili: A few people will be relocated by virtue of having encroached onto road reserve. The encroachment is brought about by the fact that planning came after the settlement was already in place Communities in agreement with proposed developments Social impacts: Relocations to affect Risk of disease due to blocked line in Kariobangi Environmental Impacts: Steep slope at Kariobangi – risk of soil erosion and sedimentation of the river Solid waste disposal
12. Razak Ibrahim Area resident 13. Saada Kadenyi Simwa Tenant 14. Mana Imani Isambele Plot Kakamega Kaburini Site meeting 1. Mumia Vice secretary 2. Nahashon Namtali Secretary – Vibanda Self-Help group 3. Ahmed Aden Resident – Kaburini 4. Mohamed Kashisa Chairman 5. Mrs. Rose Agare Village elder Francis Mulusa Chairman of Housing committee Phoebe Mmbonne Resident Kenneth Lummwamu Resident Naftali Khatendeche Resident Livingstone Atika Resident Rashid Ishmail Resident Abdulahi Hussein resident Kericho Municipal Council 1. Lawrence Airo Town Engineer 2. Aggrey Kirui Deputy Treasurer 3. Charles Terer Establishment Officer 4. Wilson Koech Welfare officer 5. Patroba Omolo Lands Officer Garissa Garissa Municipal Council 1. Erastus Karani Town Clerk 2. Abdi Gedi Deputy Town Clerk 3. Abdullahi Ibrahim Surveyor 4. Ahmend Bathi Councillor – Jamhuri Ward Kitui Kitui Municipal Council 1. Lucy Waema Town Clerk 2. Cllr. Mwendwa Munyoki Mayor 3. Samuel Kanyi Municipal Works Officer 4. Levi Kimeu Planner Machakos Machakos Municipality Council 1. Mbilo Assistant Town 2. Morris Alwangi Town Engineer 3. Moses Muthusi Economist 4. Joseph Kiamba Senior Technical Supervisor 5. Cllr. Mutevi Wambua Chairman - Town Planning Thika Thika Municipal Council 1. Dominic Mutegi Municipal Planner 2. Michael Mugo Municipal Engineer 3. Rehema Nyambuga Assistant Town Planner Naivasha 1. James Ochieng Municipal Engineer 2. Mr. Musoga Provincial Planner 3. Paul Mwangi Landlords at KCC 4. Moses Aduogo Landlord at KCC 4. Teresiah Wanjiru Sukuma wiki seller-Kihoto 5. Mary Wangui Kiosk seller-Kihoto 6. Joseph Njoroge Landlord & dressmaker(KCC)