On page 834, read the sentence above the quote, and the quote to fill in the blanks and answer the question. 2.) In May 1954 the Supreme Court ruled in the Brown v. Board of Education case that SEGREGATION in public schools was ILLEGAL. 3.) According to the Supreme Court ruling, why shouldn’t there be segregation in public schools? BECAUSE IT GENERATES A FEELING OF INFERIORITY AMONGST CHILDREN. Read page 835 under The Little Rock Nine and fill in the blanks. 4.) Despite the order to desegregate schools “WITH ALL DELIBERATE SPEED,” only three school districts in the entire SOUTH began to desegregate in 1954. The school board in LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS, decided to integrate one high school first. The school board selected NINE outstanding AFRICAN AMERICAN students known as the LITTLE ROCK NINE. Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus declared on television that state National Guard units would stop the Little Rock Nine from starting school. Daisy Bates, the president of the NAACP arranged rides to the high school for the students on September 4th. But ELIZABETH ECKFORD, one of the Little Rock Nine DID NOT get the message. When ECKFORD went to school by herself, a MOB met her. With the screaming crowd behind her, the SOLDIERS would not allow her to ENTER. She recalled, “Somebody started yelling, “LYNCH HER! LYNCH HER!’” Eckford ran to a nearby bus stop to escape, but the CROWD followed. Finally, a white woman guided Eckford to safety. This tense situation continued for several weeks as FAUBUS refused President EISENHOWER’S requests to follow the LAW. Finally, in late September, Eisenhower sent FEDERAL troops to enforce DESEGREGATION at Central High. CIVIL RIGHTS – 1960’s
Read page 855 under “The Story Continues” and answer the following question. 1.) What two vocabulary terms apply to this story? SIT-IN & CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE 2.) Read pages 855-856 and fill in the blanks. The tactic uses in was known as a SIT-IN - a demonstration in which protesters SIT DOWN in a location and REFUSE to leave. To achieve their goals, the sit-in protesters practiced CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE. This strategy of NONVIOLENT PROTEST rejected the use of VIOLENCE, even for self-defense. Remaining nonviolent was not always easy. Crowds of angry white citizens often shouted insults, THREW FOOD, and even ATTACKED protesters. In May 1961 the Congress of Racial Equity began a series of FREEDOM RIDES to protest SEGREGATION on buses and in southern BUS STATIONS. 3.) Read pages 857-858 and fill in the blanks. As 2,500 marchers walked through the streets, Police Commissioner Eugene “Bull” Connor ordered his officers to use their ATTACK DOGS against the marchers. Then the fire department turned WATER HOSES on the protesters. When Americans turned on the news, they saw men and women – EVEN CHILDREN - being BEATEN, blasted with WATER and attacked by DOGS. 4.) What method did the fire companies use against protesters? THEY TURNED THEIR FIRE HOSES ON THE PROTESTERS 5.) What methods are the protesters using in response to this? THEY REMAINED NON-VIOLENT. THEY DID NOT EVEN USE SELF-DEFENSE 6.) Read page 857 and fill in the blanks. African American leaders decided to hold a nationwide demonstration, called the MARCH ON WASHINGTON, in support of civil rights. On August 28 more than 250,000 people – African
Washington Post, 1974 7.) Who is the man in the cartoon? RICHARD NIXON 8.) What is the message of the cartoon? THAT NIXON TRIED TO COVER UP THE WATERGATE SCANDAL AND GOT CAUGHT BY HIS OWN RECORDINGS THE FORD ADMINISTRATION: REPUBLICAN: 1974-1977 Read page 911 to fill in the blanks. 9.) During Ford’s presidency, the economy was in a RECESSION due to rising OIL prices and STAGFLATION (unemployment & inflation). There was also a TRADE DEFICIT which happens when a country IMPORTS more than it EXPORTS. THE CARTER ADMINISTRATION: DEMOCRAT: 1977-1981 10.) Read page 915 under “Domestic Challenges” and fill in the blanks. CAMP DAVID ACCORDS Date SEPTEMBER 1978 Place Egyptian President ANWAR SADAT Israeli Prime Minister MENACHIM BEGIN US President that organized the meeting PRESIDENT CARTER Significance of this meeting THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME AN ARAB COUNTRY FORMED PEACEFUL TIES WITH ISRAEL THE REAGAN ADMINISTRATION: REPUBLICAN: 1981-1989 11.) Read page 929 about supply-side economics to fill in the graphic organizer and fill in the blanks.