W12x26 29x106 301 Actual Deflection Allowable Deflection for Floors Actual < Allowable? (in) (in) 1.54 1.55 Yes 1.38 1.55 Yes 1.52 1.55 Yes Using these five spreadsheets, all of the composite sections for every floor and roof were designed. All of the designed sections and their locations are presented via AutoCAD drawings in Chapter 4. Columns The axially loaded members (columns) were designed using the LRFD approach. W-shaped members were selected and designed for axial loading members rather than built-up columns, composite columns or other different shapes. Table 4-1 from the AISC Steel Construction Manual, 2006 was used to determine the available strength in axial compression based on the effective length (KL) with respect to the radius of gyration (ry). Table 10 shows the spreadsheet used for column design. Table 10: Spreadsheet Used for Column Design Column Design Load Combination Area Req’d Choose a Section Effective Slenderness Pu (k) = 1.2D + 1.6L AISC T.1-1 400 10.6 Try W12-50 79.6 ФcFcr from AISC T.4-22 Calculate ФcPn Pu < ФcPn ? Ksi ФcFcr * A (k) 28.35 413.91 Yes This process gave us W-shaped columns for all floors of the building and can be found in Chapter 4.
Figures 26 and 27 present the alphanumeric grid for column locations for the building and fitness center respectively that was established in to give each column a title. This system of column identification allowed for easy recognition of the column in question. The layout of the alphanumeric grid created the basic layout for a system of bay designations that will be covered later. Figure 26: Alphanumeric Grid for Building Column Locations Figure 27: Alphanumeric Grid for Fitness Center Column Locations Recreational Center Units The recreational center is divided into three main types of units. Figures 28 and 29 outline these units for their respective areas. Each unit is composed of bay designations that are repeated often throughout the building. These units served as areas of focus for the design of the various flooring systems. Each type of unit is repeated on floors one through four. All the units were divided based on column measurements. The building has different distances between columns but for design purposes we divided the athletic center into units to make certain areas easier to distinguish. The same goes for the fitness center. Each individual unit in Figure 28 has symmetrical bays aside from the angled parts of the building. As a result, there are only a few unique areas that differ while the rest are simply repeated throughout. Figure 29 shows that units A and C are symmetrical while unit B serves as the middle ground for the fitness center. Figure 28: Athletic Center Units for the Building
1a Massive bedrock: Granite, diorite gabbro, basalt, gneiss 3 Hard, sound rock, minor jointing 100 1b Quartzite, well cemented conglomerate 3 Hard, rock moderate jointing 60 2 Foliated bedrock: schist 3 Medium hard rock, jointing 40 3 Sedimentary bedrock: cementation shale, siltstone, sandstone, limestone, dolomite, conglomerate 3,4 Soft rock, moderate jointing 20 4 Weakly cemented sedimentary bedrock: compaction shale or other similar rock in sound condition 3 Very Soft Rock 10 5 Weathered bedrock: any of the above except shale 3,5 Very Soft rock, weathered and/or major jointing and fracturing 8 6 Slightly cemented sand and/or gravel, glacial till (basal or lodgment), hardpan 7,8 Very dense 10 7 Gravel, widely graded sand and gravel; and granular ablation till 6,7,8 Very Dense Medium dense Loose Very loose 8 6 4 2 Note 11 8 Sands and non-plastic silty sands with little or no gravel (except for Class 9 materials) 6,7,8,9 Dense Medium dense Loose Very loose 4 3 1 Note 11 9 Fine sand, silty fine sand, and inorganic silt 6,7,9 Dense Medium dense Loose Very loose 3 2 1 Note 11 10 Inorganic sandy or silty clay, clayey sand, clayey silt, clay, or varved clay; low to high plasticity 5,6,10 Hard Stiff Medium Soft 4 2 1 Note 11 11 Organic soils: peat, organic silt, organic clay 11 Note 11 Source: Massachusetts Building Code, Table 1804.3, 2008 3.1.2 Retaining Wall Design A retaining wall is required as part the overall building design. The east and sides of the building will have floors underground. The east side first and second floors will be completely