Pavement / Carriageway surfacing (laying of mixtures, laying slabs, etc.) Use of hazardous materials, such as ones, bitumen, etc./ spraying of bitumen Heavy machinery and equipment operation Traffic of construction vehicles, machinery, etc./ hauling of constructional materials such as bitumen, borrow materials, mixtures, concrete, slabs, gravel, etc.) of road drainage system (drainage channels, chutes, etc.) Groundwater pollution due to contaminated surface runoff/ migration of spills/leaks from improperly stored lubricants and construction wastes Groundwater pollution due to leaks from hauling vehicles during transportation/ loading-unloading Groundwater pollution by bitumen spills Increased siltation potential/ sediment runoff into downland waterways (if any) due to modifications of drainage patterns Groundwater pollution by spills from road accidents of vehicles used for construction Disturbance to underground water table due to use of heavy machinery Increased pressure on water resources due to additional water use for road maintenance works Groundwater pollution by compounds of wastes produced by infrastructure connected with accommodation facilities during road rehabilitation/ improper sewage facilitates Minimize collection of water and mud, where possible, to execute road rehabilitation works during dry season Mitigate run-off velocities and volumes/ design outfalls properly To prevent leaks/spills during transportation/ loading-unloading of constructional materials Stockpiles of constructional materials should be covered with fabric or other materials to prevent/ mitigate contaminated runoff To provide proper stockpiling of constructional materials and disposals of hazardous wastes/ avoid stockpiling on the slopes or near waterways, if any/ contaminated run-off from stockpiles should be drained into ditches with oil traps facilities Ideally, excavate cutoff ditches around stockpiles to prevent materials from washed away by surface runoff/ arrange interception ditches to prevent muddy water to reach waterways (if any) All lubricants and engine oils should be collected and recycled or disposed off site To avoid loss of vegetation during road rehabilitation works To clean up the area after the construction work is completed
Heating of bitumen Crushing of materials impairment of air quality during crushing and mixing of raw materials Noise pollution and vibrations from hauling vehicles, operating machinery and equipment Positive: Decreased risk of air pollution due to reduction of combustion emissions into the air Permanent/ Local To laud beep signals in settlements/ to minimize disturbance to residents Restrictions of construction vehicles, especially in residential areas Using of sprinkling-machines “inhaling” dust or control by water or other means/ water spaying twice a day during construction to avoid dust Watering of access roads to minimize dust formation, if applicable Vehicles delivering materials should be well maintained and covered to prevent/ reduce spills, emissions and dispersion Construction of noise barriers Fauna and flora/ habitats Operation of asphalt plant Earthworks Use of hazardous materials, such as ones, bitumen/ heating and spraying of bitumen machinery and equipment operation Traffic of construction vehicles, machinery, etc. Negative: Soil and pollution due to operation of asphalt plant Soil and water pollution by hazardous and toxic substances Impact on biota due to contaminated environmental media (air, water, soil) Destruction of afforested areas Noise pollution/ vibration due to operation machinery/ equipment Noise pollution due to traffic of construction vehicles Disturbance to habitats/ loss of fauna and flora species during road rehabilitation works Temporary/ local To plan carefully construction works to minimize impact on flora, fauna, habitats/ careful sitting, alignment, design of associated infrastructure to minimize impacts Careful timing of works and work seasonally, as appropriate/ no construction during breeding season Trees and other vegetation should be protected during bitumen spraying To avoid excessive/ to minimize loss of vegetation during road rehabilitation works
machinery and equipment operation Construction/ rehabilitation of road drainage system Constructional materials stockpiling Construction waste disposals Establishment of temporary camps for construction equipment Positive: Improved manmade landscape Permanent/ Local construction works are finished/ of work area, etc. Excavated materials, if any, should be used for backfilling of borrows and gravel pits Human health / settlements Road construction works: excavations and other earthworks leveling/ patching/priming pavement crushing and screening of aggregate heating of bitumen repair of aggregates construction & reconstruction of drainage channels; etc. Negative: Road accidents due to disruption of traffic flows due to road construction works Health impact on construction workers due to work with toxic and hazardous materials (damage to respiration system, skin, eyes, etc) aggravated by unfavorable weather conditions (strong wind, rain, etc.) Impact on human health due to: Polluted by combustion gases and dust air along the road Polluted surface run-off into adjacent agricultural and agricultural plants contamination Noise pollution and vibrations from construction works, traffic of vehicles and operating machinery/ equipment Fire and explosion hazards due to accidents during road construction Temporary/ Local To train personnel on occupational safety and measures towards compliance with occupational safety requirements Appropriately experienced contractor, good supervision, careful planning and scheduling of work activities Incorporation of safety and environmental requirements in contract documents/ providing of workers with uniform, glasses, gloves, etc. Foreseeing compensations in case of health damage Fencing of dangerous areas (stockpiling of hazardous materials) Avoid work during unfavorable weather conditions to minimize risk of accidents/ bitumen should be not applied during strong winds or heavy rains
precipitation (rain, snow, etc.) i) water and soil pollution owing to improper waste disposal Water and soil quality (suspended solids, fuels and lubricants) Dump areas Laboratory with necessary equipment (water analyzer); observation In case of temporary disposal on the site, and at the request j) water and soil pollution owing to improper technical maintenance and fuelling of machinery Water and soil quality (suspended solids, fuels and lubricants); work procedures Construction site, areas of plant and machinery maintenance Laboratory with necessary equipment (water analyzer); observation In case of temporary waste disposal on the site, and at the request k) occupational safety Use of protective equipment (eyeglasses, helmets, safety boots, etc.); proper traffic management and control to bypass the construction site Construction site Inspection Periodic checks during the work progress Operation Traffic impact a) b) pollutant emissions c) water, soil and vegetation contamination d) damage of forest belts e) traffic accidents with wildlife involved levels – dB(A) Emission concentrations Content of heavy metals, oil products and other pollutants, pH Index of status, percentage of defoliation, Number and locations of traffic accidents Residential areas Residential areas, right-of-way Road side areas Road Measurements Measurements Laboratory analysis of samples and probes Visually Study of statistics provided by the State Road Inspectorate and local hunting services Periodically, combined with traffic counting Periodically, combined with traffic counting Semi-annually Annually Annually a)- e) to ensure compliance with standard norms a)- e) to ensure compliance with standard norms