C. II, III, and IV only D. I, II, and III only Environmental Change 29. The moth is a species native to Europe that has been brought to the United States. It prefers to feed on oak trees in the U.S., and its caterpillars can consume all of the leaves off of trees. This leads to tree death after a few years of repeated defoliation. Why is the gypsy moth able to do so much damage to trees in the United States? A. The ecosystems found in the United States are less stable than those in Europe. B. It is a parasite and therefore does not need its host to survive. C. The gypsy moth is a uniquely dangerous species of insect around the world. D. It is a non-native species and therefore has predators. Cycles 30. The diagram below depicts the water cycle. process is represented by the number 4? A. condensation B. precipitation C. evaporation D. surface runoff
51. Which choice below lists the biomes in order from lowest average temperatures to highest average temperatures? A. taiga, tropical rainforest, grasslands B. temperate deciduous forest, savanna C. tundra, savanna, temperate deciduous forest D. tundra, grasslands, taiga Organism Interactions & Population Dynamics 52. All organisms must be able to obtain nutrients from their environment. Which of the following terms describes the process of one organism killing another organism in order to obtain nutrients? A. symbiosis B. secondary trophism C. coevolution D. predation Ecosystems & Biomes 53. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. Environmental Change 54. Which of the following has had the greatest effect on ozone depletion? A. carbon monoxide (CO) B. water vapor (H2O) C. carbon dioxide (CO2)
of Eastern Cottontail Rabbits in Red Forest increased, food resources became scarce. C. The number of predators of Eastern Cottontail Rabbits decreased. D. Eastern Cottontail Rabbits in a distant forest ecosystem experienced severe disease. Organism Interactions & Population Dynamics 63. The organisms within an established ecosystem interact and form relationships with each other. This interdependence causes ecosystems to remain relatively stable for hundreds and thousands of years. For example, a population's size is often held in check by one or more environmental factors or another species. Which of the following would most likely negatively affect a population's size? I. a drought II. a sudden change in climate III. an increase in food supply IV. immigration of a non-native species A. III only B. III and IV only C. I, II, and IV only D. I and II only
contain which allow water to enter the roots using reverse osmosis. D. The nodules store plant sugars which are created during the process of photosynthesis. Energy Flow in Ecosystems 66. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. Earth's Cycles 67. When glucose molecules are broken down, energy is released, and carbon dioxide and water are produced. What is this process called? A. nitrogen fixation B. glycolysis C. photosynthesis D. respiration Cycles The carbon-oxygen cycle is shown below.
24. Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem. They include all types of plants and animals. Lizards, insects, and cacti are all living, or biotic, factors common in the desert biome. Abiotic factors are nonliving components of an ecosystem. In a desert biome, sand, rocks, heat, and sunlight are abiotic factors. 25. Only I and II are correct. Planting trees to help replace those that were previously cut down is a way that humans can help the environment. The growing population and its use of resources is leading to the destruction of more of the environment. It is important to come up with ways to help the environment rather than harm it. 26. -- 27. Acid rain can harm plants by eroding a plant's leaves. The chlorophyll contained in the leaves of plants is needed to absorb sunlight energy and use it to produce food. Without healthy leaves, the ability to absorb sunlight energy would be limited. 28. Abiotic factors make up the nonliving portion of an ecosystem. In an ocean ecosystem, such as the one pictured, ocean currents and sand are abiotic factors. Plankton and fish are living and are therefore biotic. 29. When a non-native species is introduced to a new ecosystem, it will often have fewer predators than in the ecosystem where it originally evolved. Though the gypsy moth is prey for small mammals and damaged by some viral infections found in the United States, it has fewer predators overall than native species. The most severe outbreaks of gypsy moth larvae happen in urban and developed areas where there are fewer small mammals, such as mice, to eat them. 30. During the water cycle, surface runoff (step 1) flows into rivers, lakes, and streams. Sunlight causes this water to undergo evaporation (step 2). Water vapor can also be released from plants through transpiration. The water vapor remains in the atmosphere until it undergoes condensation (step 3) and returns to the ground in the form of precipitation (step 4). Energy from the Sun drives the water cycle. Without the Sun's heat, water would not be able to evaporate, which means that the other processes also would not occur. 31. the eruption of Krakatau, global temperatures fell by about 1.2°C for one year. This was caused by the increased amount of particulates and volcanic gases in the stratosphere.