10 Summary of Potential Environmental and Social Impacts related to PREP activities Activity Potential Environmental Impact Potential Social Impact Potential Project Risk or Benefit Mitigation Monitoring Component One: Strengthening Warning and Preparedness Develop new legislation, management plans, SOPs, standardized protocols / signals Unlikely to be negative impacts from this activity however there is some potential for limited impacts experienced as a result of new policies, management plans or legislation (e.g. coastal management strategy). Unlikely to be negative impacts from this activity however there is some potential for limited impacts experienced as a result of new policies, management plans or legislation (e.g. coastal retreat policy). More efficient disaster management and response and greater resilience in vulnerable areas Any new legislation, policy or management plan will address the objectives of World Bank policies using safeguard instruments contained in this ESMF. Mid-term or annual review; Supervision missions Design and implement integrated national MHEWS platform (incl. install or upgrade forecast and warning software, specialized hardware, management systems etc) Disposal of redundant equipment may be required (e.g. electronic waste) that could lead to contamination of soil or water if disposed of incorrectly Exclusion of vulnerable groups - potential for disable persons (visually or hearing impaired), and vulnerable groups to be excluded from receiving warnings; Longer lead-in time for people to prepare for disasters potentially resulting in less loss of life and damage to property More efficient disaster management and response Consultation will be inclusive of all social and gender groups within the community and signals and communication methods reflect the needs of such groups upon implementation; Waste management will be captured in EMP. Indicators determined by PMU; Monitor and evaluate the installation, operation and maintenance and End User Survey to determine effectiveness of improvements Install, connect and/or refurbish meteorology weather observation stations (e.g. Agromet) Temporary land or vegetation disturbance; Disposal of redundant equipment may be required Potential temporary land access or permanent small-scale land acquisition required; Disturbance of physical cultural resources More efficient weather predictions / impact forecasting Give preference to siting projects on already converted; Site assessment including hazard vulnerability and risk; Site selection on feasibility study/EIA and Regularly monitor
selection criteria for suitability; Consultation and voluntary land donation or access agreement including informed consent from landowner/s; Disposal of waste in designated landfill; Chance find procedures Construct or retrofit key public buildings and infrastructure incl. government offices, e.g. construction new TMD building at Fua’amotu airport in Tonga and new NEOC on existing site in Faleata, Samoa Construction may result in minor adverse impacts including noise, dust and generation of solid waste materials on existing site. Asbestos may be present in old buildings. Exclusion of vulnerable groups - potential for physically disable persons (wheelchair) to be unable to access buildings Assets are more resilient to disasters and information management is improved Building inspection will identify whether asbestos is present prior to demolition/ construction; EMP will detail hazardous materials management plan (HMMP); Site assessment including hazard vulnerability, flood and seismic risk; Chance find of physical cultural resources; Disability access recommended for public buildings. Completion audit by building inspector or Works Department Refurbish NEMO office in Refurbishing existing building may result in minor adverse impacts including noise, dust and generation of solid waste materials from There are no negative impacts expected with this activity NA Building inspection will identify whether asbestos is present prior to demolition/ construction; EMP will detail Completion audit by building inspector or Works Department
construction. Asbestos may be present in old buildings. hazardous materials management plan (HMMP) Construct additional storey for tsunami warning centre in Samoa Refurbishing existing building may result in minor adverse impacts including noise, dust and generation of solid waste materials from construction There are no negative impacts expected with this activity NA EMP will provide for guidance on mitigation measures during construction Completion audit by building inspector or Works Department Establish new or upgrade seismic monitoring stations with solar, GPS and motion sensors, e.g. new volcanic monitoring station in Savai’i in Samoa For new stations, there may be temporary land disturbance and clearing of vegetation for narrow easements to access to monitoring stations Potential temporary land access or permanent small-scale land acquisition required; Disturbance of physical cultural resources Land has not been secured by government Site assessment including hazard vulnerability, flood and seismic risk; Chance find of physical cultural resources; Give preference to siting projects on already converted; Voluntary land donation or access agreement from landowner; or small-scale acquisition of land as per RPF and monitoring by specialist Establish or upgrade monitoring sites in target water catchments for stream flow monitoring and install real-time connectivity (GSM) including cables to hydrology network and monitoring stations in target water catchments Temporary land, riparian and/or vegetation disturbance and sediment generation through installing cable and monitoring equipment adjacent to river or in river beds River reserve belongs to State, however if gauge station is located on, or requires access through, customary land, there may be potential small-scale land acquisition or disturbance required Government access to monitoring station through land access disputes with landowners Give preference to siting projects on lands already converted without risk of slope instability; vegetation clearance and use of heavy machinery; Voluntary land donation or negotiate land access and written Audit and monitoring by specialist
modernise communication methods (mobile phone applications) to notify the public and utility sectors with wider dissemination of hazard warnings this activity Longer lead-in time for people to prepare for disasters potentially resulting in less loss of life, damage to property and disruption to services inclusive of all vulnerable groups and women within the community and communication methods must reflect the needs of such groups Public Perception and User Survey to determine effectiveness of improvements and collect feedback Mobilise to conduct post-disaster needs assessments (PDNA) after national emergency (regional TA) There are no negative impacts expected with this activity Assessment may require access to private or customary land NA Consultation must be inclusive of all vulnerable groups and women within the community Refer to SOP Develop decision support and impact forecasting methodologies for early warning There are no negative impacts expected with this activity are no negative impacts expected with this activity NA NA NA Develop and deliver accredited training course for disaster managers There are no negative impacts expected with this activity There are no negative impacts expected with this activity NA NA Trainee Survey to collect feedback on training Community evacuation plans There are no negative impacts expected with this activity Communities more aware of how to prepare for and what to do in emergency situations NA Activities must be inclusive of all vulnerable groups and women within the community Emergency drills to test effectiveness of community evacuation plans Component Two: Mainstreaming Risk Reduction and resilient investments Feasibility studies and concept design for investments and planning incl. technology (doppler radar for forecasting, mobile apps) There are no negative impacts expected with this activity are no negative impacts expected with this activity NA A detailed ESMP to be prepared in consideration of negative list; Baseline environmental and social assessment may be necessary NA
Emergency provision of critical goods after natural disaster incl. food, drinking water, medicines, etc There are no negative impacts expected with this activity Communities have basic needs met during emergency NA Negative list excludes import of seeds for agriculture or hazardous materials which may adversely impact public or environmental health or natural habitats Inventory by responsible parties and reporting to relevant agency Restoration of important habitats and natural buffers (e.g. mangroves) Restoration activities will improve habitats and reduce further sedimentation and erosion using native species Potential encroachment on customary land leading to conflict with communities or landowners NA Site selection based on vulnerability assessment; A detailed ESMP to be prepared in consideration of negative list and in full consultation with surrounding community and customary owners Habitat monitoring plan detailed in EMP Emergency civil works after natural disaster (CERC) to repair critical infrastructure incl. roads/bridges, clearing of debris, river defense works (gabion) etc Potential marine and terrestrial habitat and coastal zone impacts relating to water quality erosion, small-scale land disturbance Potential encroachment on private or customary land NA A detailed ESMP to be prepared in consideration of negative list and land access agreements or customary protocols; All mitigations included in EMP, e.g. slope stabilization to reduce erosion, sedimentation and adverse impacts on water quality, improve drainage to avoid contamination Supervision by site inspector and safeguards staff
Annex C Safeguards Screening Form This form is to be used by the Implementing Agency (IA) to screen potential environmental and social safeguards issues in subprojects, and determine which safeguard instrument/s is to be prepared prior to implementation. Questions Answer If Yes WB Policy triggered Documents Required if Yes Yes No NA Are the project impacts likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse or unprecedented? Please provide brief description: OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category A Environmental Assessment (EA) and Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Do the impacts affect an area broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works and are the significant adverse environmental impacts irreversible? Please provide brief description: OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category A EA and ESMP Is the proposed project likely to have no adverse environmental impacts? Please provide brief justification. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category C Nothing further required Is the project neither a Category A nor Category C as defined by the Bank? Please provide brief justification. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category B EA or limited EA, and ESMP; Follow Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOPs) Are the project impacts likely to have significant adverse social impacts that are sensitive, diverse or unprecedented? Please provide description. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category A EA and ESMP Will the project involve the discharge of pollutants into air, water, soil and/or storage of chemicals, hazardous materials, etc that pose risks to environmental and public health? OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category B ESMP with Hazardous Materials Management Plan Will the project site be located near rivers, waterways or water bodies/ponds? OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment Category A/B EA or Limited EA and ESMP Will the project adversely impact physical cultural resources? Please provide brief justification. OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources Category B ESMP with PCR Management Plan and/or Chance Find Procedures
Will the project involve the conversion or degradation of non-critical natural habitats? Please provide brief justification. OP 4.04 Natural Habitats Category A/B EA or Limited EA and ESMP Will the project involve the significant conversion or degradation of critical natural habitats? OP 4.04 Natural Habitats Category A EA and ESMP Will the project involve clearing of forest cover, impacts on the health and quality of forests, or the rights and welfare of people and their level of dependence upon or interaction with forests; or does it aim to bring about changes in the management, protection or utilization of natural forests or plantations? Please provide brief justification. OP4.36 Forestry Category B EA or Limited EA and ESMP Will the project have significant impact on, or cause significant conversion or degradation of critical natural forests? OP4.36 Forestry Category A EA and ESMP Will the project involve constructing a new dam? OP 4.37 Dam Safety Category A/B Not eligible for financing Will the project involve reinforcement of an existing dam? OP 4.37 Dam Safety Category A/B Not eligible for financing Will the project involve procurement of pesticides (either directly through the project, or indirectly through on-lending, co-financing, or government counterpart funding), or will it affect pest management in a way that harm be done even if the project is not envisaged to procure pesticides? OP4.09 Pest Management Category B Not eligible for financing Will any physical works be sited on private freehold, Crown or state land? Will this be acquired through market-based lease, government lease or sublease, purchase, or voluntary donation? Please provide a brief explanation: OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement Category C Evidence of Land Title or Voluntary Land Donation Protocol (Annex E) Will any physical works be sited on communal or collective land? If so, is the land more than 5% of the community’s area, and/or do gardens, crops or fixed assets exist on the nominated land? Please provide a brief explanation: OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement Category B Resettlement Policy Framework (Annex E); Voluntary Land Donation Protocol (Annex E) Does the project involve the donation of land (in-kind) from persons for facilities or investments that will be of benefit to the broader community? Please provide a explanation: OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement Category C Land Use Agreement; Voluntary Land Donation Protocol (Annex E)