leading or directive way Interviews Interviews are a primarily qualitative method that allow the user to ask questions and gain responses from the stakeholder on specific areas and topics, and allow for adaptive interviewing techniques where new information, pertinent to the overall objectives of the study, can be added to the interview questionnaire as it is brought up during the interview process. This not only helps to improve data collection but also improves the focus of the study to address issues as they arise. Obtain information on a specific topic and area Allow for the introduction of relevant new information or concerns Clarify stakeholder requirements Time consuming Inability to effectively replicate or standardize results Often require time intensive coding processes to draw out messages and themes Workshops and Focus Groups A workshop or group draws together key stakeholders representative of certain sectors, agencies and communities for focused discussion on a specified topic or area. These should ideally involve stakeholders who hold differing points of view in order to help outline concerns and requirements coming from different perspectives, and help build consensus around solutions. Identify requirements to establish solutions scope Identify hidden requirements that are not directly stated but needed to meet stakeholder needs Define priorities of requirements or reach consensus Discover and resolves potential conflicts between stakeholders Geographical barriers Natural leaders may emerge and dominate the conversation, biasing the resulting messages in one direction Power dichotomies may emerge when bringing different stakeholder groups together, to the advantage of some and disadvantage of others Participatory Appraisal and Self-recording Participatory appraisal focuses on the activities of the stakeholder, and requires them to self-document their activities, processes, or methods and describe desired Understand procedures or processes from the stakeholder perspective Dependent on motivation and experience of the user
REQB (2014). REQB Certified Professional for Requirements Engineering: Foundation Level. Requirements Engineering Qualification Board. Santandreu, A. (2014). Un instrumento colaborativo la gestión del conocimiento para el aprendizaje y el cambio. ECOSAD. von Luepke, H. (2013). Stakeholder Engagement and National Consultations for the NDE and CTCN: Training Workshop For NDEs of the CTCN (Presentation). Annexes Annex 1: Template for documentation of stakeholder mapping Stakeholder Category Interests Role Relevance Rank Name of identified stakeholder funders, employees, senior leadership, organizational partners, or competitors, etc. planning, programme design, strategic development, financial gain, etc. data or information provider, focal point, industry representative, project beneficiary, etc. importance to technology transfer process 1,2,3,4,5, etc. Annex 2: Template for documentation of stakeholder consultations and involvement Date and Place Name and title of NDE staff in attendance Contact Key issues raised Agreements reached Follow-up actions
Multi-Purpose Government Cooperative for Farmers May 20, 2014 Amhara Savings and Credit Union, Michael Debir, Ethiopia Jane Doe, Engagement Officer Estefanos Demessie, Agricultural Extension Officer Premium payment issues; risk reduction activity locations; seed distribution Risk reduction activities will take place in 4 villages; 350 farmers will receive improved seeds Estafanos to call meeting of insurance committee; risk reduction activities to be agreed upon by agricultural extension agents.