□ I can explain the aims of O’Neill’s political policies □ I can describe O’Neill’s policies and can explain Unionist and nationalist reactions to his policies Civil Rights □ I can list the aims of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) □ I can describe the tactics used by to achieve its aims □ I understand why the actions of NICRA were viewed with suspicion by some Unionists □ I can explain the Northern Ireland government’s reaction to NICRA □ I can list the points in O’Neill’s Five Point Programme and explain why some Unionists were opposed to the Programme □ I can explain the aims of People’s Democracy □ I can describe what happened at Burntollet Bridge in January 1969 □ I can explain the reasons for and outcome of the ‘Crossroads Election’ in February 1969 □ I can explain why was replaced as leader of the Ulster Unionist party by Major James Chichester Clark Escalation of political and civil unrest □ I can explain why the summer of 1969 was marred by violence, and give examples, such as the ‘Battle of the Bogside’ □ I can explain the decision of the British Government to send the British Army to Northern Ireland in August 1969 □ I can explain what was agreed in the Downing Street Declaration of August 1969 and describe Unionist and Nationalist reactions to the declaration □ I understand why the IRA in 1969 and can explain the aims of the Provisional IRA □ I can explain the emergence of Protestant paramilitaries at this time □ I can explain why Chichester was replaced by Brian Faulkner in March 1971 □ I can distinguish between the different political parties that emerged at this time – the DUP, the Alliance Party and the SDLP. I know what the aims of each party were and who their leaders were □ I can give reasons for why the British Government introduced internment into Northern Ireland in August 1971, and explain Unionist and Nationalist reactions to internment □ I can describe what happened on Bloody Sunday 1971 and some of the results □ I understand what is meant by ‘Direct Rule’ □ I can explain why the British Government introduced Direct Rule in Northern Ireland in March 1972 and explain Unionist and Nationalist reactions to this decision
□ I can explain why the year 1972 has been described as the worst year of the Troubles The Cold War 1945-1991 This option is examined in Paper II Background □ I know when the Bolsheviks (communists) came to in Russia □ I can explain some differences between communism and capitalism □ I can explain why the USSR and the West were suspicious of each other in the 1920s and 1930s and give some evidence to support this □ I know why Stalin joined an alliance with Britain and the USA against Germany during the Second World War □ I can list three things that were agreed by the ‘Big Three’ at the Yalta Conference in February 1945 □ I can give some reasons why relations between the ‘Big Three’ got worse between the Yalta and the Potsdam Conferences □ I can explain what was agreed at the Potsdam Conference July 1945 The Cold War in Europe 1945-9 I can explain how each of the following helped to increase tensions between the USSR and the West between 1945 and 1949: □ Churchill’s ‘iron curtain’ speech, at Fulton, Missouri, March 1946 □ The spread of communism in eastern Europe, 1945-7 □ George Kennan’s ‘long telegram’, 1947 □ The Truman Doctrine, 1947 □ The Marshall Plan, 1948 □ The setting up of Cominform and Comecon The spread of communism in Europe, 1945-9 □ I can explain why the USSR and the western powers were divided over the future of Germany after the Second World War □ I can give some reasons why Stalin order a blockade of West Berlin in June 1948 □ I can describe how the western powers overcame the blockade and why it was eventually lifted in May 1949 □ I can explain at least three results of the Berlin Blockade