promote the Turtle Ddove agri-environment packages. Applicable to: all breeding Range States. 1.4 Turtle-dove breeding season requirements guidelines are available to key stakeholders by [2020], and incorporated into planning by [2025]. Action 1.4.1 Develop and roll-out guidelines on suitable management of understory vegetation in Mediterranean (Spain, Portugal and Greece) for turtle-doves. Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) forest and woodland managers; water/river managers; community and local authorities; national authorities; Protected Area managers (including Ecological Focus Areas and Natura 2000 sites); military land holding managers; hunting estates; quarry managers. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national farming agencies, national forestry agencies, national wildlife agencies Existing studies on diet, habitat requirements, and ecology. Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Action 1.4.2 Develop and roll-out breeding season guidelines on suitable management of riparian forests for Turtle Doves. Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) forest and woodland managers; water/river managers; community and local authorities; national authorities; Protected Area managers (including Ecological Focus Areas and Natura 2000 sites); military land holding managers; hunting estates; quarry managers. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national river agencies, national forestry agencies, national wildlife agencies Existing studies on diet, habitat requirements, and ecology. Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Action 1.4.3 Develop and roll-out breeding season guidelines for turtle-doves in Protected Areas (including Ecological Focus Areas and Natura 2000 sites). Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) Protected Area managers (including Ecological Focus Areas and Natura 2000 sites). High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national Protected Area agencies, national wildlife agencies Existing studies on diet, habitat requirements, and ecology. Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Action 1.4.4 High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC Existing studies on diet, habitat
Develop and roll-out breeding season guidelines on suitable management for Turtle Doves on military land. Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) military land holding managers. INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, military requirements, and ecology. Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Action 1.4.5 Develop and roll-out breeding season guidelines for Turtle on hunting estates. Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) hunting estates. High Short FACE, CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting agencies, national wildlife agencies Existing studies on diet, habitat requirements, and ecology. Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Action 1.4.6 Develop and roll-out breeding season guidelines for Turtle in quarries. Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) quarry managers. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, aggregate/quarry industry Existing studies on diet, habitat requirements, and ecology. Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Action 1.4.7 Reassess existing Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) for Turtle Dove, and ensure that turtle-dove is listed as a management requirement. Applicable to: all Range States. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies KBA inventories, national Turtle Dove data Action 1.4.8 Reassess existing Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for Turtle Dove, and ensure that Turtle Dove is listed as a management requirement. Applicable to: all EU Range States. High Short NATIONAL WILDLIFE AGENCIES, conservation NGOs, academic institutions KBA inventories, national Turtle Dove data Action 1.4.9 Promote at the national level the inclusion of Turtle Dove requirements into Site Management Plans. Applicable to: (in breeding Range States) all land managers. High CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, all land managers Action 1.2.2 Actions 1.3.1-1.3.10 Actions 1.4.7-1.4.8
1.5 [n] locally supported small-scale projects are promoted across the breeding range by [2020]. Action 1.5.1 Best practice and case study examples of small-scale local projects are promoted across the breeding range. Applicable to: all breeding Range States. Low Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS Action 1.4.1 1.6 Environmental Impact Assessments include a Turtle Dove evaluation by [2020]. Action 1.6.1 Influence legislation/guideline sat national for inclusion of impact assessment on conservation in EIA processes (e.g. for important roosts). Applicable to: all breeding States Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies 1.7 Compliance with EU stubble burning regulations by [2020]. Action 1.7.1 Governments enforce existing legislation on the burning of stubbles. Applicable to: EU Member States. Medium Short NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, national enforcement agencies EU 1.8 Chemical-free zones introduced in important Turtle Dove areas by [2025]. Action 1.8.1 Chemical-free zones introduced in key breeding areas. Applicable to: all Range States. Medium Medium NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS Existing scientific literature on risk by pesticides Action 7.11.1 1.9 Land-sharing promoted in important agricultural landscapes for turtle-dove by [2025] Action 1.9.1 Land-sharing practices introduced to ensure nesting and feeding habitats in agricultural areas. Applicable to: all States. Medium Long NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS Existing scientific literature on Action 7.4.1 Objective 2: Eradicate illegal killing in the European Union and reduce elsewhere. Threat - Illegal killing (Critical) Result Action and Priority Timescale Organizations responsible Inputs required 2.1 Evaluation of the scale of illegal killing by [mid-2018]. Action 2.1.1 Assess and report on the scale of illegal killing across the range of the turtle-dove. Essential Immediate NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, conservation NGOs, FACE, national hunting federations, academic institutions National reports to the Berne Convention, EU Road-Map, CMS MIKT, IMPEL, National Action Plans, tagging projects and research, reports and data from NGOs and sharing
Applicable to: all Range States, with focus on areas of current poor information, such as the Middle East and Africa, and some Mediterranean islands. national authorities. Mediterranean region data (Brochet et al 2016). Action 2.1.2 Identify and police of illegal killing hot-spots. Applicable to: eastern Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and African Range States. Essential Short NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, conservation NGOs, FACE, national hunting federations, academic institutions National reports to the Convention, EU Road-Map, CMS MIKT, IMPEL, National Action Plans, tagging projects and research, reports and data from NGOs and national authorities. Mediterranean region data (Brochet et al 2016). 2.2 Guidance on effective mechanisms for enforcing hunting regulations by [2018]. Action 2.2.1 Develop guidance on effective voluntary and State mechanisms for enforcing hunting regulations. Applicable to: all Range States. High Immediate NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, conservation NGOs, FACE, national hunting federations, academic institutions Guidance already developed by the Government of Malta. National reports to the Berne Convention, EU Road-Map, CMS MIKT, IMPEL, National Action Plans, tagging projects and research, reports and data from NGOs and national authorities. 2.3 Enhanced enforcement in EU by [2020] and hot-spots by [2025]. Action 2.3.1 Develop and deploy training to enhance enforcement of hunting laws in hot-spot areas, both for local enforcement officers and the judiciary. Applicable to: all Range States. High Short NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES Existing Programme of Work of the CMS Task Force on the Illegal Killing of Birds in the Mediterranean Action 2.1.1-2.1.2 Action 2.2.1 Action 2.3.2 Increase investment in enforcement. Applicable to: all States. High Short NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS Action 2.3.1 Objective 3: Hunting across the range of the European Turtle Dove is carried out at locally and internationally sustainable levels. Threat - Unsustainable hunting (High/Critical) Result Action and Priority Timescale Organizations responsible Inputs required
stakeholders by [2020], and incorporated into planning by [2025]. Applicable to (in wintering and key stop-over Range States): forest and woodland managers; water/river managers; community and local authorities; national authorities; Protected Area managers; military land holding managers; hunting estates. resource managers, community and local authorities Action 4.3.2 Reassessment of existing Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) for Turtle Dove and production and implementation of tailored management guidelines for the species in KBAs. Applicable to: (in wintering and key stop-over Range States) Protected Area managers. Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, academic institutions, land managers, water resource managers, community and local authorities Action 4.1.2 Action 4.3.1 4.4 [n] locally supported small-scale projects aimed at restoring or conserving turtle-dove habitat across the wintering range by [2020]. Action 4.4.1 Inventory and evaluation of small-scale local projects that benefit turtle-dove habitats (e.g. native projects where local people are encouraged to contribute and later have the opportunity to harvest the wood). Applicable to: all wintering States. Medium Short CONSERVATION NGOs, development NGOs. Local project reports. Action 4.4.2 Best practice and case study examples of small-scale local projects promoted across the wintering range. Applicable to: all wintering Range States. Medium Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, development NGOs. Action 4.4.1 4.5 Turtle Dove roosts under the control of special interest groups are managed sympathetically by [2025]. Action 4.5.1 Establish Management Agreements for specific Turtle Dove roosting areas that are under the control of special interest groups (e.g. religious orders), based on the guidelines developed in Action 4.3.1. Applicable to: Range States in West and East Africa Medium Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, special interest groups. Action 4.3.1 4.6 wildfires recorded at key turtle-dove wintering and stopover sites by [2025]. Action 4.6.1 Promote early controlled burning in key areas to prevent wildfires. Applicable to: all wintering States and at key stop-over sites. High Long NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, conservation NGOs, academic institutions Data on national wildfire occurrence. planting
4.7 Less wood harvesting in key Turtle Dove wintering and stopover sites by [2025]. Action 4.7.1 Promotion of alternative fuel/cooking methods in key areas to prevent loss of roosting sites due to fuel wood harvesting. Applicable to: all wintering Range States. High Long CONSERVATION NGOs, development NGOs. Data on wood harvesting and uptake of alternatives. Objective 5: Enhance international co-operation, through enabling of information and expertise Result Action and scope Priority Timescale Organisations responsible Inputs required 5.1 International Turtle Dove Working Group to support the Action Plan active by the end of [2017]. Action 5.1.1 Create an on-line workspace to documents and data (including developing joint databases), with a discussion forum. Applicable to: all Range States and interested parties. High Immediate CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, national hunting federations Research papers, grey literature, expert contact list, Action Planning documents, Terms of Reference. Action 5.1.2 Convene a Working Group Management Team to operate, oversee and develop the on-line activities. Applicable to: all States and interested parties. Medium Short CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, national hunting federations Action 5.1.1 Action 5.1.3 A representative of the Working Group to liaise with CMS and African-Eurasian Migratory Landbirds Action Plan (AEMLAP), the Migrant Landbird Study Group (MLSG) and other relevant conventions/initiatives. Applicable to: all Range States and interested parties. Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, CMS, national wildlife agencies, national hunting federations Action 5.1.2 5.2 International Tracking Group active by end of [2017]. Action 5.2.1 Convene an International Turtle Dove Tracking Group to collaborate on tracking projects, methodologies, and financing. Applicable to: all Range States and interested parties. High Immediate CONSERVATION NGOs, FACE, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, national hunting federations Action 5.1.1; existing tracking projects and experts. 5.3 International Turtle Dove Sustainable Harvest Working Group active by end of [2017]. Action 5.3.1 Convene an International Turtle Dove Sustainable Harvest Working Group to collaborate on development of sustainable harvest models and practice. High Immediate FACE, CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national wildlife agencies, national hunting federations Action 3.1.1 Action 3.2.1
7.1 More complete knowledge of turtle-dove movements throughout the yearly cycle by [2020]. Action 7.1.1 Undertake further tracking studies and ringing return analyses to determine migration routes and key stop-over/bottle-neck areas in Western Europe. Applicable to: all western Europe and African States. Medium Short CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Ringing and tagging studies; EURING; common bird monitoring. Action 7.1.2 Undertake further tracking studies to determine migration routes and key stop-over/bottle-neck areas in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Applicable to: eastern Europe, Central Asia and Middle East Range States. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Ringing and tagging studies; EURING; common bird monitoring. Action 7.1.3 Undertake further tracking studies to determine movements and habitat use of within their wintering grounds in Africa. Applicable to: West Africa, East Africa High CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Ringing and tagging studies; EURING; national databases (e.g. WABDaB for West Africa). Action 7.1.4 Undertake tracking studies to determine movements of birds breeding in North Africa. Applicable to: North, West and East Africa. Medium Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Ringing and tagging studies; EURING; national databases (e.g. WABDaB for West Africa). 7.2 More complete knowledge of national population sizes and trends by [2020]. Action 7.2.1 Collate existing information on eastern populations of turtle-dove that are not within the scope of this Action Plan to determine activities for future versions. Applicable to: some States in Central Asia, the Middle East , and Asia (as far east as China). Low Long CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. National databases; common bird monitoring; turtle-dove specific surveys. Action 7.2.2 Ensure that national monitoring schemes include turtle-dove specific surveys in order to enable more robust estimates of national, regional and international population sizes and trends, and modelling of recent and potential changes is possible. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. National databases; common bird monitoring; Turtle Dove specific surveys; Article 12 reporting under Birds Directive.
Applicable to: all Range States, but in particular those currently with poor population and trend estimates, especially Turkey, eastern Europe, and into Asia. Action 7.2.3 Develop targeted data collection on population size and trends of Turtle Dove populations in Africa and collate information into a single database. Applicable to: all Range States in sub-Saharan Africa High CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. National databases; common bird monitoring structures; Turtle Dove specific surveys. 7.3 More complete knowledge of sub-species distributions and movements by [2025]. Action 7.3.1 Undertake research to determine movements and population sizes and trends for the turtle-dove including isotope and genetic research in eastern Europe. Applicable to: those Range States holding less sub-species (in particular, but not confined to, S. t. hoggara and S. t. rufescens). Low Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Actions 7.1.1-7.1.4 Action 7.2.1-7.23 7.4 Greater understanding of the key components needed in a Turtle Dove‘s habitat by [2020]. Action 7.4.1 Improve knowledge of turtle-dove habitat associations and dietary needs, and undertake regional comparisons in population change compared to agricultural change. Applicable to: all Range States. High CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Existing successful prescriptions for research papers; hunting bag samples. Action 7.4.2 Undertake tracking studies to determine small-scale movements of birds within their breeding area in different habitats (forest, agricultural landscapes). Applicable to: all States. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Actions 7.1.1-7.1.4 Action 7.4.1 Action 7.4.3 Conduct a Sahel-wide inventory of features that contribute to good quality Turtle Dove habitat, including roosting sites, wetlands and acacia stands. Applicable to: all Range States in sub-Saharan Africa. High Short CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Ramsar, CBD, UNCCD, CMS, EU Joint Research Centre for Remote Sensing.
7.5 Greater understanding of Turtle Dove survival and breeding productivity by [2020]. Action 7.5.1 Put in place long-term monitoring programmes on annual survival (e.g. capture-mark-recapture) and breeding productivity. Applicable to: all States. High CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Research papers; hunting bag samples. 7.6 Characterisation of stop-over and wintering sites for Turtle Dove by [2025]. Action 7.6.1 Undertake research to characterise key stop-over and wintering sites, and an assessment of remote sensing as a tool to predict further areas. Applicable to: wintering Range States and those with key stop-over sites. Medium Medium CONSERVATION NGOs, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, national hunting federations, national wildlife agencies. Actions 7.1.1-7.1.3 7.7 Understanding of the country of origin of hunted [2020]. Action 7.7.1 Analyse new tracking and isotopic data to determine the origins of birds killed in each country. Application: all Range States. Medium Medium NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, FACE, national hunting federations. Actions 7.1.1-7.1.4 7.8 More robust figures for hunting tourism by [2020]. Action 7.8.1 Collect and analyse data on hunting tourism to develop more accurate estimates of yearly take. Applicable to: all Range States. High Short NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, FACE, national hunting federations. National reports to the Berne Convention, EU Road-Map, CMS MIKT, IMPEL, National Action Plans, Nature Directives Fitness Check Guide; EU Sustainable Hunting Guide, existing tagging projects and research, reports and data from NGOs and national authorities. 7.9 More robust figures for illegal killing by [2020]. Action 7.9.1 Collect and analyse data on illegal killing of Turtle Dove to develop more accurate estimates of yearly take. Applicable to: all Range States. High Short NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, FACE, national hunting federations. National reports to the Berne Convention, EU Road-Map, CMS MIKT, IMPEL, National Action Plans, Nature Directives Fitness Check Guide; EU Sustainable Hunting Guide, existing tagging projects and research, reports and data from NGOs and national authorities.