Place broken glass into the specially marked bins. Drain all harmless chemicals in solution into the sink followed by plenty of running water. Pour organic waste solutions into the specially labelled container in the fume cupboard. Pour toxic inorganic waste solutions into the specially labelled container in the fume cupboard. Discard and any other solid waste into the bin Ensure that matches are extinguished before disposing of them in this way. Shut off all gas and water lines when not in use. FIGURE 1: APPARATUS THAT YOU WILL BE USING IN THE LABORATORY MANAGING YOUR TIME DURING THE PRACTICAL It is recommended that you arrange your workbench according to the diagram below. Keeping your workspace organised and free of clutter will save you time and frustration, and contributes greatly to laboratory safety. USED APPARATUS AND DIRTY GLASSWARE SOLUTIONS AND DRY CHEMICALS PAPERWORK (PRAC MANUAL, REPORT SHEET AND FLOW DIAGRAM) EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP CLEAN GLASSWARE When collecting chemicals: Choose the size of your container according to the volume of chemical that you will be collecting, for instance: for 100 cm3 of solution, use a 250 cm3 beaker and for 10 cm3 use a test tube. Before collecting chemicals and/or solutions from the dispensary, mark each container with the name or formula of the chemical to be collected. This will prevent any mix-ups later on. Use a small notebook for jotting down masses, measurements and observations. Writing these bits of information on slips of scrap paper that can easily be lost is not only
In this experiment, osmosis was observed. Osmosis is the movement of water particles from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution across a semi-permeable membrane. When the egg shell was removed, the membrane left behind was The albumen was more dilute than the corn syrup, so water moved from the albumen across the semi-permeable membrane and into the syrup. This caused the egg to reduce in size and wrinkle. The albumen was more concentrated than the fresh water however, so water particles moved across the semi-permeable membrane into the egg, making it swell. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS: Would the same observations be made with an egg with the shell intact? No, because the egg shell is not semi-permeable. If the experiment is carried out using the same method but replacing the corn syrup with salt water what observations would be made? The same observations be made once the concentration of the salt solution was higher than that of the albumen. APPENDIX C RUBRIC This is the Mark Scheme which will be used to score your Lab Reports SECTION COMPETENCY PERFORMANCE RATING Excellent 4 Average 3 Fair 2 Poor 1 Aim Effective Communication The aim is clearly stated. The aim is slightly unclear. The aim is quite vague. The aim is not stated. Apparatus Knowledge Apparatus list is complete. Student gives the correct name of all Apparatus list is complete. Student gives the correct name of most equipment used. Apparatus list is incomplete. Student gives the correct name of most the equipment they listed. Apparatus list is incomplete. Student gives the correct name of only a few pieces of the
equipment used. equipment they listed. Method Effective Communication Method is correct, logical, complete and written in appropriate tense. Method is incorrect, or illogical, or incomplete or written in inappropriate tense. Method has two - three deficiencies. Method is incorrect and illogical and incomplete and written in inappropriate tense. Technical expertise Students suggest at least two precautions and two safety measures for each lab which are relevant and accurate. Students suggest at least one precaution and one safety measure for each lab is relevant and accurate. Students suggest at least one precaution or one safety measure for each lab which is relevant and accurate. Students do not suggest any precaution or safety measure which is relevant and accurate. Results Effective Communication Each observation is accurately and completely included. Most observations are accurately and completely included. Few observations are accurately and completely included. No observations are accurately and completely included. Technological Expertise All results are recorded in appropriate format. All calculations, tables and graphs are done correctly. Most results are recorded in appropriate format or most calculations, tables and graphs are done correctly. Most results are not recorded in appropriate format or most calculations, tables and graphs are not done correctly. Most results are not recorded in appropriate format and most calculations, tables and graphs are not done correctly. Conclusion Analytical Ability The chemical The chemical principles The chemical principles No observations