Reoffending patterns This chapter examines the level and type of reoffending by index offenders in the five years after their index sentence. Factors associated with reoffending (age, gender, and prior offences) are examined in Chapter 6. In this study, a ‘reoffending sentence event’ is a sentence or sentences imposed in a case for an offence or offences that were committed in the five years after the index sentence (see further Appendix A). What percentage of offenders reoffended? Five-year cumulative reoffending rate In the five years after the index sentence, just over half of the index offenders were sentenced for a further offence (997 or 52.5%). This was higher than the five-year reoffending rate for the general offender population sentenced in (37.2%), suggesting that those who contravened intervention orders were more likely to reoffend than the general offender population (Figure 13). Most reoffending took in the first three years after the index sentence. The 40.3% cumulative reoffending rate after three years represented over of the five-year reoffending rate. Figure 13: Comparison of cumulative reoffending rate for index offenders (in the five years following the index sentence in 2009–10) and cumulative reoffending rate for the general offender population (in the five years following sentence in 2004–05) Years after index event Percentage of group that reoffended offenders, 2009-10 (n = 1,898) General offenders, 2004-05 (n = 63,366) 1 11.9% 9.6% 2 29.8% 21.3% 3 40.3% 28.3% 4 48.2% 33.5% 5 52.5% 37.2% Limitations of using subsequent sentences to gauge reoffending As this analysis is limited to subsequent sentence events, it captures some, but not all, reoffending by index offenders. The data is limited to subsequent offences of which the index offender has been found guilty and for which the court has imposed a sentence (the data also includes cases in which the index offender has
130 index offenders had dangerous/drink/drug driving offences but no assault/threat offences. Of the three groups, the group with both dangerous/drink/drug driving and assault/threat had the highest reoffending rate (75.8%). This group also had the highest rate of reoffending with an assault/threat offence (43.9%), followed by the group with assault/threat offences but no dangerous/drink/drug driving offences (32.1%) and the group with dangerous/drink/drug driving offences but no assault/threat offences (26.2%). It is not possible to draw definitive causal between dangerous driving and reoffending (either generally or with specific offence types such as contravention or assault). Nonetheless, the finding that the general and assault/threat reoffending rates were higher if offenders had a history of dangerous driving as well as assault/threat offences makes it difficult to rule out prior road safety offences as irrelevant in assessing future risk. Therefore, such offences should not be readily dismissed as irrelevant when sentencing people who have breached intervention orders.
Assault in company Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 24(2) 23 Affray Common law 22 Discharge missile to injury/danger Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 7(g) 16 Reckless conduct endanger life Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 22 16 Aggravated assault of female Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 24(1)(a) 14 Intentionally cause serious injury Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 16 11 Assault with instrument Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 24(2) 9 Negligently cause serious injury Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 24 3 Aggravated assault of person under 14 Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 24(1)(a) 2 Attempted assault with weapon Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 2 Intentionally or recklessly cause injury Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 18 2 Permit dog to attack person Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 8(e) 1 Wilfully set on dog to attack Domestic Animals Act 1994 (Vic) s 28 1 police Resist police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 482 Assault police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 278 Hinder police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 46 Assault police on duty Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 31(1)(b) 32 Make false report to police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 53(1) 24 Assault operational staff – ambulance Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 51(1) 3 Obstruct/resist police Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s (31)(1)(b) 3 Assault/resist/obstruct officer Customs Act 1901 (Cth) s 232(b) 2
Hinder person engaged emergency activity Emergency Management Act 1986 (Vic) s 36(1) 2 Obstruct operational staff – ambulance Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 51(1) 2 Resist person assisting police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 2 Threaten to assault police on duty Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 31(1)(b) 2 Assault emergency worker on duty Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 51(2) 1 Assault protective services officer Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 1 Delay police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 1 Obstruct police /person assisting police Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52(1) 1 Burglary/robbery Burglary Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 76(1) 530 Aggravated burglary Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 77(1) 78 Robbery Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 75 44 Enter building with intent to steal Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 76(1)(a) 30 Armed robbery Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 75A 27 Attempted burglary Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 20 Attempted robbery Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 16 Attempted armed robbery Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 8 Attempted aggravated burglary Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 4 Assault with intent to rob Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 75 3 Enter building with intent to assault Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 76(1)(b)(i) 1 Contravention/breach Contravene family violence intervention order Family Violence Protection Act 2008 (Vic) s 123(2) 5,003 Breach intervention order Crimes (Family Violence) Act 1987 (Vic) s 22 1,475
Contravene family violence safety notice Family Violence Protection Act 2008 (Vic) s 37(2) 201 Contravene family violence intervention order intending harm or fear Family Violence Protection Act 2008 (Vic) s 123A(2) 40 Persistently contravene family violence intervention order or safety notice Family Violence Protection Act 2008 (Vic) s 125A(1) 36 Contravene personal safety intervention order Personal Safety Intervention Orders Act 2010 (Vic) s 100(2) 34 Contravene stalking intervention Stalking Intervention Orders Act 2008 (Vic) s 32 33 Criminal damage Intentionally destroy/damage property Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 197(1) 1,509 Wilfully damage/injure/trespass property Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 9(1) 210 Threat to destroy/damage property Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 198(a) 52 Criminal damage by fire Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 197(6) 28 Arson Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 197(6) 6 Light fire in open air in country during fire danger period Country Fire Authority Act 1958 (Vic) s 37 4 Attempted criminal damage (intent damage/destroy) Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 3 Attempted arson Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 1 Attempted criminal damage by fire (arson) Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 1 Deface any structure without consent Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 10(1) 1 Leave fire in open without person in charge Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 11(1)(b) 1 Light fire in open air during total fire ban Country Fire Authority Act 1958 (Vic) s 40(4)(a) 1 Light/use fire and destroy/damage property Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 11(1)(a) 1
Dangerous/drink/drug driving Exceed prescribed concentration of alcohol within 3 hours – breath test Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(f) 453 Drive in a dangerous manner Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 64(1) 96 Refuse undergo breath test Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(e) 95 Refuse preliminary breath test Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(c) 33 Exceed prescribed concentration of alcohol within 3 hours – blood test Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(g) 28 Drive at a dangerous speed Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 64(1) 23 Drive while exceeding the prescribed concentration of alcohol Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(b) 23 Drive motor vehicle under the influence of intoxicating liquor Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(a) 22 Fail oral test within 3 hours of driving Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(h) 16 Exceed speed limit by 45km/h or more Road Safety Road 2009 (Vic) r 20(1)(b) 10 Drive motor vehicle under the influence of a drug Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(a) 7 Drive vehicle while exceeding prescribed concentration of drugs Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(bb) 5 Exceed limit by 35km/h but less than 45km/h Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 20(1)(c) 5 Exceed speed limit by 45km/h or more Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 20 5 Fail drug blood test within 3 hours of driving Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(i) 5 Dangerous driving while pursued by police Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 319AA(1) 4 Exceed prescribed concentration of alcohol within 3 hours – accompanying driver or Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(f) 4
driving instructor breath test Fail to stop at preliminary breath test station Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(d) 3 Refuse to provide a sample of oral fluid Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(eb) 3 Refuse undergo assessment for drug impairment Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(ca) 3 Refuse undergo further breath test Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(e) 3 Drive in a dangerous manner causing serious injury Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 319(1) 1 Exceed prescribed concentration of alcohol within 3 hours – breath test Marine (Drug, Alcohol and Pollution Control) Act 1988 (Vic) s 28(1)(e) 1 In charge of vehicle while impaired by a drug Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(ba) 1 Refuse to provide a sample of Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 49(1)(eb) 1 Driving (general) Use unregistered vehicle on highway Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 7(1) 821 Careless driving Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 65 230 Fraudulently alter or use vehicle registration Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 72(1)(b) 190 Learner driver without an experienced driver Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 213.1.b 139 Drive without L plates displayed Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 214.1 115 Exceed limit Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 21.1 85 Fail to stop vehicle after an accident Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 61(1)(a) 59 Tamper with motor vehicle Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 70(1) 50
State false name/address Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(2)(b) 49 Fail to make entry – solo driving Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 510.1.a.i 46 Driver fail to wear seatbelt Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 264.1 44 Exceed speed limit Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 20 41 Fail report to police when owner not present Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 61(1)(f) 41 Exceed speed limit by 10km/h and less than 25km/h Road Safety Road 2009 (Vic) r 20 36 Use vehicle not in a safe and roadworthy condition Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 259.1 36 Drive without P plates displayed Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 217.1 33 Learner driver without an experienced driver Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 46.2 33 Fail to give name /address where property damaged Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 61(1)(c)(i) 31 Driver fails to wear seatbelt Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 264.1 28 Drive vehicle causing loss of traction Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 65A(1) 26 Drive vehicle with numberplate not affixed as required Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 50.1 26 Use vehicle not in a safe and roadworthy condition Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 820.1 26 Drive without L plates displayed Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 47.1 25
Display numberplate or registration than issued Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 246.1 20 Fail to give name/address at accident where person is injured Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 61(1)(c)(i) 20 Fail to stop vehicle on police request Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 64A(1) 20 Use vehicle not compliant with regulation standard Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 819.3 19 Display numberplate or registration other than issued Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 801(b)(i) 18 Drive in breach of licence or permit condition Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 18(1)(b) 18 Numberplates not displayed as required Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 222.6 18 Use hand held mobile phone while vehicle moving Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 300.1 18 Use hand held phone while driving Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 300.1 18 Exceed speed limit by 25km/h and less than 35km/h Road Safety Road 2009 (Vic) r 20 16 Fail to notify corporation of change of resident address Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 225.1.b 16 Exceed 100km/h speed limit Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 25.3 15 Forge identifying number for authority Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 72(1)(a) 15 Drive vehicle unregistered in toll zone Melbourne City Link Act 1995 (Vic) s 73(1) 14 Fail to obey lawful direction of police Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(1)(b) 14 Make unnecessary or smoke Road Safety (Road Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 291 14
Use vehicle in breach of defect notice Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 702.1 9 Enter intersection – red traffic light Road Safety (Road Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 59.1 8 Fail to give left signal for long enough Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 46.1 8 Fail to report an accident to police Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 61(1)(e) 8 Fail to stop vehicle on request Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(1)(a) 8 Forge vehicle identifying number Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 72(1)(a) 8 Enter intersection – red traffic arrow Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 60 7 Fail to give change direction signal Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 48.1 7 Fail to name and address Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(2)(b) 7 Use vehicle not compliant with regulation standard Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 258.2 7 Drive at night with ineffective headlights Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 215.1.A 6 Enter intersection – red traffic arrow Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 60 6 Fail stop and give way – stop sign or line Road Safety Road 2009 (Vic) r 67(1) 6 Fail to carry learner permit Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 22(6) 6 Fail to have proper control of vehicle Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 297.1 6 Probationary driver driving a prohibited vehicle Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 57.1 6
Reverse vehicle when unsafe Road Safety (Road Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 296.1 6 Vehicle acquirer fails to complete documents Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 230.1 5 Cyclist fails to wear approved bicycle helmet Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 256(1) 5 Drive on Eastlink unregistered EastLink Project Act 2004 (Vic) s 204(1) 5 Fail to ensure a passenger under 16 wears a seatbelt Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 266.1 5 Fail to ensure child is in a suitable restraint Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 266.1 5 Fail to give name/address to police Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 61(1)(d) 5 Fail to keep left of dividing line Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 132.2 5 Fail to obey one-way sign Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 98.1 5 Fail to produce licence on request Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(1)(a) 5 Fraudulently procure the use of a vehicle Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 69(a) 5 Licence holder fails to notify change of personal details Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 67.1 5 Drive on a path Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 288.1 4 Exceed signed speed limit Road Safety (Road Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 22.1 4 Exceed 50km/h limit Road Safety (Road Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 25.2 4 Fail to give left signal for long enough Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 46.1 4 Fail to stop before stop line and red traffic light Road Safety Road 2009 (Vic) r 56.1.a 4
Make unnecessary or smoke Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 291 4 Remove defective label when not authorised Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 703.7 4 Reverse vehicle when unsafe Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 296.1 4 Affix numberplate other than issued to vehicle Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 2009 (Vic) r 246.5 3 at night with ineffective headlights Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 215.1(a) 3 Fail to give way intersection give way sign Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 69.1 3 Fail to notify corporation change name/address Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 225.1(b) 3 Fail to give way at intersection Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 69.1 3 Fail to have proper control of vehicle Road Safety (Road Rules) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 297.1 3 Fail to notify corporation of change of name Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 225.1.a 3 Fail to produce permit on request Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(1)(a) 3 Fail to send driver licence as required Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 304.4.d 3 Fail to name/address on request Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 59(1)(a) 3 Forgery of materials purporting to be vehicle registration documents Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 72(2) 3 Learner driver towing trailer Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 213.1.a 3
Permit unlicensed person to drive Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 32(1) 3 Record misleading entry in work diary Road Safety Act 1986 (Vic) s 191Z 3 Use hand held mobile phone while vehicle stationary Road Safety Road Rules 2009 (Vic) r 300.1 3 Use vehicle with no registration label Road Safety (Vehicles) Regulations 1999 (Vic) r 223.7 3 Miscellaneous driving offences (with less than 3 charges sentenced in study period) (125 offences) 161 Drug possess/use Possess cannabis Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 73(1) 349 Possess a drug of dependence Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 73(1) 257 Use cannabis Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 75 172 Use a drug of dependence Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 75 109 Alter prescription for drug of dependence Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 77 9 Attempt to possess drug of dependence Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 73(1) 3 Attempt to obtain a drug with false representation Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 78 2 Cultivate a narcotic plant Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 72B 2 Possess a Schedule 4 poison Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 36B(2) 2
Possess acid Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 71D 2 Attempt to use a drug of dependence Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 75 1 Drug trafficking Trafficking in a drug of dependence Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 71AC 85 Cultivate cannabis Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 72B 65 Possess material/equipment for the manufacture of a drug of dependence for trafficking Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 71A 4 Attempted trafficking in a drug of dependence Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 71AC 3 Trafficking in a commercial quantity of a drug of dependence Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 71AA 2 Traffick cannabis Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 (Vic) s 71 1 Homicide Attempted murder Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 1 Justice Failure to answer bail Bail Act 1977 (Vic) s 30(1) 1,036 Act to threaten security/order Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(a)(i) 52 Commit indictable offence while on bail Bail Act 1977 (Vic) s 30B 45 State false name when requested Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 456AA(3)(b) 41 Contravene a conduct condition of bail Bail Act 1977 (Vic) s 30A(1) 37 Act in a disruptive manner Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(b) 34
Harass a witness Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 52A 25 Fail to comply with reporting obligations Sex Offenders Registration Act 2004 (Vic) s 46(1) 23 State false address when requested Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 16 Possess anything without authority within a police gaol Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(d) 13 Refuse or fail to state name and address Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 456AA(3)(a) 12 Act to threaten of a gaol Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(a)(i) 10 Contravene – fail to attend counselling Family Violence Protection Act 2008 (Vic) s 130(4) 7 Escape from lawful detention Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 49E(b) 7 Fail to comply with order Taxation Administration Act 1953 (Cth) s 8H 7 Failure to comply with an undertaking order Sentencing Act 1991 (Vic) s 79(1) 7 Threaten damage to gaol Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(a)(iii) 7 Escape from custody from police member Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 479C(1)(b) 6 Impersonate member of police Police Regulation Act 1958 (Vic) s 97 6 Pervert the course of justice Common law 6 Act to threaten the safety of person in gaol Corrections (Police Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(a)(ii) 5 Escape from prison/police gaol Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 479C(1)(a) 5 Threaten the good order of a police gaol Corrections (Police Regulations 1995 (Vic) r 11.1(a) 5 Fail attend counselling – family violence Crimes (Family Violence) Act 1987 (Vic) s 8D(4) 4
Falsely report an emergency to an ambulance service Ambulance Services Act 1986 (Vic) s 39AA 4 Assist child to be absent under an accommodation order Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 (Vic) s 496(1)(b) 3 Harbour a child under an order Children, and Families Act 2005 (Vic) s 495(a) 3 Make vexatious call to emergency services Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 474.18(2) 3 Act in a disruptive manner Corrections (Police Regulations 1995 (Vic) r 11.1(b) 2 Impersonate an officer of the CFA Country Fire Authority Act 1958 (Vic) s 107A(3) 2 Offer a bribe to a member to forgo duty Police Regulation Act 1958 (Vic) s 97 2 Take/send anything into a prison Corrections Act 1986 (Vic) s 32(1)(c) 2 Act as a crowd controller without a licence Private Security Act 2004 (Vic) s 7(c) 1 Attempt to give anything to a detainee Corrections (Police Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 11.1 1 Breach of suspended sentence order Sentencing Act 1991 (Vic) s 31(1) 1 Breach parole – contact a specified person Corrections Act 1986 (Vic) s 78A 1 Bribe public official Common law 1 Conspire to pervert course of justice Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321(1) 1 Contravene a Family Law Act order Family Law Act 1975 (Vic) s 112AD 1 Contravene release on adjournment order Sentencing Act 1991 (Vic) s 83AC(1) 1 Disobey lawful direction within a police gaol Corrections (Police Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(f) 1 intoxicating liquor Transport (Passengers and Rail Freight) Regulations 1994 (Vic) r 317 1 Escape from lawful custody Vagrancy Act 1966 (Vic) s 8(b) 1
Fail to attend interview – counselling report Crimes (Family Violence) Act 1987 (Vic) s 8C(5) 1 Fail to attend interview – eligible counselling Family Violence Protection Act 2008 (Vic) s 129(5) 1 Fail to surrender a required document Working with Children Act 2005 (Vic) s 23(4) 1 Indecent/offensive language on public transport vehicle or premises Transport (Passengers and Rail Freight) Regulations 1994 (Vic) r 301.3(a) 1 Possess an article to interfere with security/order Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 1995 (Vic) r 11.1(d) 1 Receive an article without authority Corrections (Police Gaols) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 13.1(c) 1 Spit on any rail/road vehicle Transport (Passengers and Rail Freight) Regulations 1994 (Vic) r 316 1 Unauthorised entry/exit rail premises Transport (Passengers and Rail Freight) Regulations 1994 (Vic) r 309.1(a) 1 imprisonment False imprisonment Common law 15 Assault and injuriously imprison Common law 5 Kidnapping Common law 2 stealing Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 63(2) 1 Unlawful and injurious imprisonment Common law 1 Other Attempt to commit indictable offence Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 90 Fail to furnish a return under tax law Taxation Administration Act 1953 (Cth) s 8C(1)(a) 14 Person under 18 years possesses liquor Liquor Control Reform Act 1998 (Vic) s 123(1)(b) 14 Dog not confined between sunrise and sunset Domestic Animals Act 1994 (Vic) s 24(1) 12
person fails to leave licensed premises on request Liquor Control Reform Act 1998 (Vic) s 114(2) 10 Fail to furnish an approved form Taxation Administration Act 1953 (Cth) s 8C(1)(a) 8 Unregistered dog/cat Domestic Animals Act 1994 (Vic) s 10(1) 7 Local law offence Local law offence 4 Possess prohibited fireworks Dangerous Goods (Explosives) Regulations 2000 (Vic) r 803.2 4 Set off fireworks without permission Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 4(j) 4 Carry on electrical contracting while unregistered Electricity Safety Act 1998 (Vic) s 30 3 Carry out electrical installation while unlicensed Electricity Safety Act 1998 (Vic) s 38(a) 3 Dangerous dog attack/bite animal Domestic Animals Act 1994 (Vic) s 29(1) 3 Install unsafe electrical equipment Electricity Safety Act 1998 (Vic) s 43(1) 3 Leave child without supervision or care Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 (Vic) s 494(1) 3 Non-licensee supplies liquor to person under 18 years Liquor Control Reform Act 1998 (Vic) s 119(3)(a) 3 Miscellaneous other offences (with less than 3 charges sentenced in study period) (33 offences) 39 Public order offences Drunk in a public place Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 13 327 Use indecent/obscene/abusive language in a public place Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 17(1)(c) 189 Behave in indecent/offensive manner in a public Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 17(1)(d) 114 Wilfully give false fire alarm Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 12(1) 27
Use offensive language on rail premises Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 28(a) 12 Travel without valid ticket Transport (Compliance and Miscellaneous) Act 1983 (Vic) s 221(3) 11 Use indecent/threatening language in rail vehicle Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 28(a) 8 Fail produce evidence of concession or entitlement Transport (Ticketing) Regulations 2006 (Vic) r 9.3 7 Drink liquor in a rail vehicle Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 24.1 6 Fail produce valid ticket in a designated area Transport (Ticketing) Regulations 2006 (Vic) r 8.2 6 Refuse/fail to comply with request Transport (Compliance and Miscellaneous) Act 1983 (Vic) s 218B(4)(a) 6 Drink liquor on rail premises Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 24.1 4 Fail produce valid ticket for inspection Transport (Passenger Vehicles) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 45 4 False name/address Transport (Compliance and Miscellaneous) Act 1983 (Vic) s 218B(4)(b) 4 Smoke in covered area of train platform Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 24A.1(c) 4 Smoke tobacco in carriage Transport (Compliance and Miscellaneous) Act 1983 (Vic) s 222A(1)(a) 4 Behave in disorderly manner in rail vehicle Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 28(b) 3 Fail to have ticket in a designated area Transport (Ticketing) 3
Regulations 2006 (Vic) r 6.2 Fail to have valid ticket in a passenger vehicle Transport (Ticketing) Regulations 2006 (Vic) r 6.1 3 Fail to leave rail premises on request Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 54.2 3 Possess open liquor container on rail premises Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 24.2 3 Possess open liquor container on rail vehicle Transport (Conduct) Regulations 2005 (Vic) r 24.2 3 Smoke tobacco on a covered train platform Transport (Compliance and Miscellaneous) Act 1983 (Vic) s 222A(1)(b) 3 Miscellaneous public transport offences (with less than 3 charges sentenced in study period) (50 offences) 58 Sex offences Sexual penetration with a child under 16 years Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 45(1) 19 Indecent assault Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 39(1) 18 Indecent act with child under 16 Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 47(1) 9 Indecent act in presence of child under 16 Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 47(1) 5 Indecent act with a child aged 16–17 under care/supervision/authority Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 49(1) 3 Sexual penetration of a child under 10 (superseded) Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 47(1) 3 Convicted sex offender loiter in a public Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 60B(2)(b) 2 Incest with sibling Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 44(4) 2 Rape Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 38(1) 2 Attempted sexual penetration of a child under 10 (superseded) Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 45(1) 1 Convicted sex offender loiter near school Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 60B(2)(b) 1
Gross indecency with a person under 16 (superseded) Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 50(1)(a) 1 Induce child to take part in prostitution Sex Work Act 1994 (Vic) s 5(1) 1 Knowingly possess child pornography Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 70(1) 1 Loiter without reasonable excuse near a child centre Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 60B(2)(b) 1 Stalking/harassment Stalk another person Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 21A(1) 289 Use a carriage service to harass/menace Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 474.17(1) 158 Use carriage service to menace/harass Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) s 85ZE(1)(a) 9 Install tracking device to locate person Surveillance Devices Act 1999 (Vic) s 8(1)(a) 1 Use carriage service/content of communication – harass Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 474.17(1) 1 Use content of communication to menace Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 474.17(1) 1 Use telecommunications service to harass Telecommunications Regulations 1975 (Cth) r 38(1) 1 Theft Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 74 1,386 Theft from a shop Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 74 860 Obtain property by deception Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 81(1) 437 Deal property suspected to be proceeds of crime Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 195 242 Handle stolen goods Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 88(1) 234 Theft of a motor vehicle Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 74 214 Go equipped to steal/cheat Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 91(1) 160 Theft from motor vehicle Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 74 159 Attempted theft from motor vehicle Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 60 Attempt to obtain property by deception Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 49 Obtain financial advantage by deception Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 82(1) 32 Theft of a bicycle Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 74 30
Dishonestly assist in retention of stolen goods Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 88(1) 29 Make a false document to the prejudice of another Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 83A(1) 28 Attempted theft Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 27 Use a false document to prejudice other Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 83A(2) 22 Attempted theft of a motor vehicle Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 21 Obtain financial advantage by deception Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 135.2(1) 16 Dishonestly assist in the disposal of stolen goods Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 88(1) 7 Knowingly deal with proceeds of crime Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 194(2) 7 Obtain property by deception Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 134.1 7 Possess suspected stolen goods Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 26(1) 7 Attempted theft from a shop Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 8 Possess housebreaking implements Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 49D(1) 6 Theft of trailer Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 74 5 Make/use identification information to commit an indictable offence Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 192B(1) 5 Possess counterfeit money Crimes (Currency) Act 1981 (Cth) s 9(1)(a) 4 Have article of disguise with unlawful intent Summary Offences Act 1966 (Vic) s 49C(b) 3 Impersonate a public official Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 148.1 3 Improper use of a defence service decoration Defence Act 1903 (Cth) s 80B(1) 3 Wear defence emblem not authorised Defence Act 1903 (Cth) s 83(1) 3 Attempt to commit an offence Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 11.1(1) 2 Blackmail Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 87 2 Impersonate returned soldier Defence Act 1903 (Cth) s 80(1) 2
Make counterfeit money Crimes (Currency) Act 1981 (Cth) s 6 2 Negligently deal with proceeds of crime Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 194(4) 2 Possession of equipment to make/supply/retain identification documentation Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 192D(1) 2 Attempt to obtain financial advantage by deception Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 1 Attempted theft of a bicycle Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 321M 1 Defraud the Commonwealth Commonwealth Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) s 29D 1 Dishonestly appropriate a postal message Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 471.1(1)(a)(iii) 1 Dishonestly cause a loss to a Commonwealth entity Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 135.1(5) 1 Dishonestly obtain delivery of articles Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) s 471.8 1 Knowingly deal and conceal proceeds of crime Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 194(1) 1 Possess tools to manufacture counterfeit money Crimes (Currency) Act 1981 (Cth) s 11(1)(c) 1 Possession identification information – commit/facilitate indictable offence Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 192C(1) 1 counterfeit money Crimes (Currency) Act 1981 (Cth) s 7 1 Threat to kill/injure Threat to kill Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 20 584 Threaten to inflict serious injury Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 21 169 Bomb hoax – make statement or convey information Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 317A(2) 27 Bomb hoax – place article or substance Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 317A(1)(a) 2 Extortion with threat to inflict injury Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 27 2 Use threatening words Sex Work Act 1994 (Vic) s 16(b) 2 Extortion with threat to kill Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 27 1
Possess a dangerous article in public Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 7(1) 79 Possess a prohibited weapon without exemption/approval Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5(1)(e) 75 Prohibited person possess a firearm Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 5(1) 48 Possess ammunition without licence or permit Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 124(1) 32 Possess/use/carry a prohibited weapon without exemption/approval Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5AA 19 Unlicenced person stores a firearm or ammunition in an insecure manner Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 129A 16 Possess an unregistered general category handgun Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 7B(1) 14 Non-prohibited person possesses a category A longarm without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 6(1) 11 Non-prohibited person possesses a registered general category handgun without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 7(1) 5 Own a longarm firearm without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 135(1) 5 Fail to store a category A or B longarm correctly Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 121(1) 4 Non-prohibited person possesses an unregistered category A longarm Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 6(1) 4 Possess a category A or B longarm without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 135(1) 4 ammunition in an unsafe manner Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 126(4) 3 Carry an offensive weapon on court premises Court Security Act 1980 (Vic) s 4 3 Non-prohibited person possesses a handgun without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 7 3 Alter a firearm to a different category without the consent of the Commissioner Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 134A 2 Deal/store unauthorised explosives without approval Dangerous Goods Act 1985 (Vic) s 54(5) 2 Possess explosive substance without excuse Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 317(4) 2
Possess an imitation general category handgun Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 7 2 Possess an unregistered handgun Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 7 2 Prohibited person possesses a firearm Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 5(1) 2 Shorten the barrel of a longarm Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 134(1) 2 Unlicenced person owns a handgun Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 135(2) 2 Armed with a prohibited weapon with criminal intent Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) s 31B(2) 1 Armed with a controlled weapon with criminal intent Vagrancy Act 1966 (Vic) s 8(a) 1 Carry a controlled weapon in the immediate vicinity of licenced premises Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 6(1A) 1 Carry loaded firearm in a populated place Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 130(1) 1 Manufacture a prohibited weapon Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5(1)(c) 1 Non-prohibited person possesses a category B longarm without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 6(2) 1 Non-prohibited person possesses a category E longarm without a licence Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 6(5) 1 Non-prohibited person possesses an unregistered category E longarm Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 6(5) 1 Possess an imitation firearm without exempt/approval Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5AB(1) 1 Possess a prohibited weapon immediate vicinity of licenced premises Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5(1A) 1 Possess a firearm on court premises Court Security Act 1980 (Vic) s 4 1 Possess a prescribed weapon without an exemption/approval Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5(1)(d) 1 Possess a prohibited weapon in licenced premises Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5(1A) 1 Prohibited person possesses a silencer Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 5(2) 1
Prohibited person possesses other prescribed item Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 5(2) 1 Prohibited person possesses an imitation firearm Control of Weapons Act 1990 (Vic) s 5AB(2) 1 Unlicenced dealer a category E handgun Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 59(2) 1 Use a firearm in a dangerous manner Firearms Act 1996 (Vic) s 129 1 charges sentenced from 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2015 28,749