In the same way, you are “on the playing when you are studying for an exam, doing an assessment task or taking notes in a lecture. You can also watch yourself doing the task “from the grandstand”. You can reflect on what works for you to help with your learning and what doesn’t work. For example, you may have found that when memorising a series of symbols or words, it was useful to practise recalling them out loud while walking or listening to music and plan to use this technique again. Alternatively, you may have wasted hours reading unrelated material when preparing an essay. Next time, you may decide to target your reading more closely to the essay question. When engaging in a learning or assessment task, ask yourself the following questions: THE LEARNING CYCLE
Function Linking word examples Examples in sentences Effect → Cause X results from Y X was caused by Y X may be due to Y X could be a consequence of Y High employee turnover results from a number of factors, including poor morale. High rates of absenteeism could be a consequence of poor upward communication channels.. Additional point *Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, Moreover, employees are more likely to remain in a job if they feel valued. In addition, high remuneration does not always guarantee employee satisfaction.. * These linking words should be used infrequently. It is not necessary to have a linking word between every sentence. It is also much better to use more specific linking phrases e.g. “A further disadvantage is…” Chronology (time order) First, Firstly, After that, Then, Next, A manager should first determine the cause of employee dissatisfaction. that, he or she should take steps to address each issue. A plan should then be drawn up to implement the necessary changes in workplace culture. Summary In conclusion, To sum up, In summary, In short, In conclusion, intrinsic motivation is more likely to occur when employees feel valued and adequately rewarded. Example For example, To illustrate, …such as… For example, Truvalue Food Limited experienced high absenteeism in its employees until the company changed its culture. Purpose To In order to So that So as to A questionnaire was distributed to ascertain employee views. The questionnaire was distributed in order to ascertain employee views. The questionnaire was distributed so that employee could be ascertained.
NEWSPAPER ARTICLE (hard copy) Newspaper articles are not usually considered scholarly sources of information for academic writing. Occasionally, their use may be justified, but in general, it is better to find a more reliable source of information. In-text citation Reference List (Davidson, 2010) Davidson (2010) argues that the business environment is “likely to be unstable for the next 18 months (p. 6) Davidson, J. (2011, November 12). Business woes set to continue. The Age, p.19. NEWSPAPER ARTICLE (online) In-text citation Reference List "China, for instance, is targeting...over 15 years" (Gittens, 2010, p. 17). Gittins, R. (2010, November 17). Suits us to be deluded on climate. The Age. Retrieved from Frequently Asked Questions about Referencing If I write something in my own words, do I need to provide an in-text reference? Yes, we reference not just the words used to express them, so you need to show where the original idea came from. Most sentences without a reference are considered to contain your own ideas, so you must make it clear whether your sentences contain ideas that are your own or someone else’s. Does that mean I need to provide a reference for nearly every sentence? Yes, in first year it is likely that you will not have a great deal of your own knowledge of the subject matter, so most of the information you use in your writing will come from other sources and thus will need a reference. When can I ‘own’ an idea and so do not have to provide a reference for it? This is a very tricky question. There is not always a clear dividing line between what constitutes your own knowledge and what is knowledge from others and hence