2018 Year 11 Biology ATAR Course Outline (Units 1 & 2) Term 1 Week Syllabus Content Discussion Points Suggested Activities and Assessments 1 Introduction and expectations (1) Topic: Cells & Tissues the body is comprised of cells, tissues and organs within complex systems that work together to maintain life (1) Y11 Thursday 2/2 Level of Organisation Cells are basic unit of all living things Tissues- A group of cells of similar structure working together for a specific function (introduction to types of tissues) Organs – a group of tissues working together for a specific function Course overview Course assessment outline WACE Study Guide: RQ & Terminology 2.1 PP: Writing Answers prefixes and suffixes PP: Tissue HP Chapter 5 RQs 1-6, AYKQ 1-4 HP Activity 5.1 2 the various tissues of the body perform specific functions and can be categorised into four basic tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous (2) cell organelles maintain life processes and require the input of materials and the removal of wastes to support efficient functioning of the cell (1) use microscopy techniques competently and methodically for the collection of valid and reliable (4) of tissues and functions epithelial – covering tissue connective – joining tissue muscular – contract and relax nervous – tissues that transmits nerve Cell Organelles/Structure Cell membrane Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins Role of membrane proteins (carrier, receptors, channel and recognition proteins) Selectively permeable nature Function. Ribosome, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria functions Observing cells Focusing cells and use of minigrids Estimate field of diameter, length and width in both mm and um. PP: Cell Structure & Function WACE Study Guide: RQ & Terminology 2.4 HP Activities 3.1 & 3.3 HP Chapter 3 RQ 1-9, AYKQ 1-5 Science Geek: HP Chapter 3 w/s Chapter 3: Cells colouring worksheet FOV calculation worksheets Preparation of onion slide Observing Cells worksheet WACE: RQ & terminology 2.2
6 represent data in meaningful and useful ways; organise and analyse data to identify trends, patterns and relationships; qualitatively describe sources of measurement error, and uncertainty and limitations in data; and select, synthesise and use evidence to make and justify conclusions (1) interpret a range of scientific and media texts, and evaluate processes, claims and conclusions by considering the quality of available evidence; and use reasoning to construct scientific arguments (1) Test Review identify, research and construct questions for investigation; propose hypotheses; and predict possible outcomes (1) Analytically Interpret a range of scientific and media texts, and evaluate processes, claims and conclusions by considering the quality of available evidence. Use reasoning to constrict scientific argument Represent c conceptual understandings Select, construct and use appropriate representations, including labelled diagrams and images of various cells, tissues and organ systems, to communicate conceptual understandings, solve problems and make predictions. Validity Experimental and control groups Controlled variables Use of placebos Sample size Double blind trials Reliability Sample size Replicates/trials Repetition Accuracy of measuring tools and measurements. HP Activities 2.1-2.5 Enzyme Concentration and Reaction Rate Investigation WACE: 1.1 BW: Activity 27: Effective enzymes 7 Investigation: Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity (5) conduct investigations, including monitoring body functions; use microscopy techniques; and perform real or virtual dissection, safely, competently and methodically for the collection of and reliable data design investigations, including the procedure(s) to be followed, the materials required, and the type and amount of primary and/or to be collected; conduct risk assessments; and onsider research ethics, including animal ethics Enzyme Investigation: temperature and reaction rate Task 3: Investigation: Plan validation Week Syllabus Content Discussion Points Suggested Activities and Assessments
Term 2 Week Syllabus Content Discussion Points Suggested Activities and Assessments 1 Topic: Digestive System the supply of nutrients in a form that can be used in is facilitated by the structure and function of the digestive system at the cell, tissue and organ levels (1) digestion involves the breakdown of large molecules to smaller ones by mechanical digestion (teeth, bile and peristalsis) and chemical digestion (by enzymes with distinctive operating conditions and functions that are located in different sections of the digestive system) (2) Digestive System Structure and functions – mouth, salivary glands, tongue, teeth, oesophagus stomach, small intestine, large intestine, gall bladder, bile duct, pancrease, rectum and anus. Digestion Difference between mechanical and chemical digestion Teeth types and functions Peristalsis (muscle layer of alimentary canal Staff PD day: Monday 23/4 Anzac Day Wednesday 25/4 PP Digestive System HP Chapter 9 RQs 1-9, AYKQ 1-7 HP Chapter 9 Digestive System w/s HP Activity 9.2 Clickview: Food and digestion WACE: 6.1 2 the salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gall bladder produce or store secretions which aid the processes of digestion (1) absorption requires nutrients to be in a form that can cross cell membranes into the blood or lymph and occurs at different locations, including the small intestine and large intestine (1) elimination removes undigested materials and some metabolic wastes from the body (1) Digestive juices and structures involved Organ and associated glands Enzyme produced Food type acted on products Emulsification of fats (bile Absorption of nutrients finger like projections of the small intestine for absorption f nutrients Large surface area of small intestine (length, folding, villi, microvilli) Sugars and amino acids absorbed into blood capillary Fatty acids and glycerol absorbed into lacteal Simple diffusion and active transport Elimination – role of large intestine and formation of faeces PTS interviews 3/5: close WACE: 6.2 WACE: 6.3 WACE: 6.4 HP Chapter 10 RQs 1-9, AYKQ 1-9 PP Excretory System HP Chapter 10 Activity 10.1, 10.2 & 10.3 WACE: 8.1 & 8.2
Week Syllabus Content Discussion Points Suggested Activities and Assessments 10 movement results from the actions of paired muscles, with others acting as stabilisers, to produce the required movement (1) DNA DNA occurs bound to proteins in chromosomes in the nucleus and as unbound DNA in the mitochondria (0.5) DNA stores the information for the production of proteins that determines the structure and function of cells (0.5) the structural properties of the helical DNA molecule, including nucleotide composition and weak bonds involved in base pairing between the complementary strands, allow for its replication (1) protein synthesis involves the transcription of a gene on DNA into messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus, and translation into an amino acid sequence at the ribosome with the aid of transfer RNA (2) Action of muscles Antagonistic pairs of muscles Nuclear DNA Found in the nucleus Nuclear membrane disintegrates during cell division Mitochondrial DNA Found in the mitochondria Small circular molecule Inherited through the mother Function of DNA Genetic code – instructions for protein synthesis Protein synthesis – transcription and translation Importance in cell metabolism DNA Structure Nucleotides – phosphate group, sugar molecule and nitrogen bases Base pairs – A/T and C/G Double helix – two strands twisted together Transcription Process by which RNA is formed Difference between DNA and RNA (importance) mRNA – codon and the role of RNA polymerase mRNA moves from nucleus to the cytoplasm Translation production of protein site of synthesis role of ribosome role of tRNA – anticodons tRNA and relationship to amino acids (bond to form protein) WACE: 7.1 PP: DNA HP Chapter 13 RQ 1-11, HP activities 13.1, 13.2 & 13.3 HP Chapter 13 DNA worksheet WACE: 11.1 PP: Protein Synthesis HP Chapter 13 Protein Synthesis w/s Weblink: WACE: 11.2
Term 4 Week Syllabus Content Discussion Points Suggested Activities and Assessments 3 Topic: SHE the use of genetic profiling and genetic screening of adults and embryos have implicit ethical considerations (1) Topic: Cell Reproduction crossing over, non-disjunction and random assortment of chromosomes during meiosis will produce gametes with different genetic content (2) DNA epigenetics is the of phenotypic expression of genes, which depends on the factors controlling transcription and translation during protein synthesis, the products of other genes, and the environment (1) Extended Response Validation Variations in genetics Crossing over Non-disjunction Random assortment Random fertilisation Resulting in variation Factors Affecting Gene Expression Heritable traits that do not involve changes in DNA Causes genes to be activated or silenced by altering access of genes for transcription Histone Modifications Way in DNA wraps itself around histones affects gene expression DNA methylation and acetylation Addition of acetyl group to histones activates gene expressions Epigenetics modifications accumulate throughout a person’s life and have been linked to cancer and diabetes WACE: Science as a Human Endeavour 2 PP: Variation Chapter 24 RQs 1-8, AYKQ 1-9 Activity 24.1 Activity 24.2 Task 13: Genetics Disorder Extended Response (5%) 4-5 Test: Genetics Validation & Test Review Exam Revision Task 14 Test: STIs and Genetics Topic Test (4%) Past exam questions by topic Extended Response past exam questions Topic Reviews using Padlet (various graphic organisers) 6 Exam Revision SEMESTER 2 EXAMS Task15: Semester 2 Examination 7 Exam Revision SEMESTER 2 EXAMS