Strong influence on Japan from Gaya, then Shilla, 500s-600s; some also from Sui China. Japanese Prince Shōtoku 574–622 Regent for Queen, most important early figure in formation of Chinese / Korean style “royal” system of government in Japan during Asuka period 538–710. Shilla Monk Hyecho tutors Japanese crown prince @600 Strong influence on Japan from Baekje 660s-70s. Increasing contact with Tang China. Seondeok (r.632-47) and Jindeok (r.647-54) poem-letter to Tang Emp “Unification Era” 663~677 created by General Kim Yu-shin 金庾信 under Great Kings Taejong Muryeol 太宗 武烈王 (r.654-61) and Munmu 文武大王 (r.661-681) & Shilla defeat Goguryeo & Baekje in 680s, Chinese occupy Baekje but are driven out called the Unified Shilla Dynasty Tong-il Shilla 統一新羅 (668 CE - 935 CE) the Balhae Kingdom in former Goguryeo territory lasts 699-926. Japan begins using title “Emperor” somewhere around 600 – and becomes a problem for Korea. Stories of King China-Japan Relations Jang Bo-go ruled the Yellow Sea region as naval-commander and trader, in the early 800s Choi Chi-won 崔致遠 (857-?) Pen-name or Hae-un 海雲 genius, official career in Tang China, helped defeat great rebellion, returned to save his nation Shilla, in 894 submitted his "Ten Urgent Points of Reform" simu sipyeojo 時務十餘條) to Queen Jinseong (887-897), but his advice ignored. Diplomat to China; quoted by President Xi. 06 Wed 7/11 The Mongol Conquest of Asia and its Aftermath Launch of the Joseon Dynasty Taejo Wang Geon (b.877, r.918-43) founded the Goryeo Dynasty 935-1390 Gaeseong as the new capital city, flowering of State-led Buddhist Culture 1184 Goryeo conquers the Tamna Kingdom of Jeju Island, it becomes “Korean”
The final years of the “Edo Period” when the feudal-isolationist Tokugawa shogunate was defeated by the pro-imperial nationalists. Prelude to the pre-modern empire of the Meiji Period / Era 明治時代 1868 ~ 1912, of rapid modernization and expansion of the Empire of Japan. Korea: Catholicism intro and Persecutions late 1700s through 1800s. 1850–1910: first Western contacts for Korea, introduction of Protestant Christianity Heungseon Daewon-gun or Yi Ha-eung, regent of Joseon during the minority of King Gojong, Powerful from the until his death in 1873 – seclusion policy against foreigners, Christians. Great Persecution of 1866 – killing of thousands of Catholics, including 7 French priests. French navy attacks Ganghwa Island 1866, steals royal books – returned in 2006. 1866 USS General Sherman Incident American navy attacks Ganghwa Island 1871 Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 on Ganghwa Island – Busan & etc opened. Korea asks the advice of Yuán Shì-kǎi 袁世凱 (1859-1916), the Chinese general, Foreign Minister, politician, first formal President of the Republic of China, and (briefly) Emperor. He recommends America. 1882 Negotiations and Treaty with US Navy officers, then American Embassy in Seoul. “Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation” 朝美修好通商條約. King Gojong and his wife Queen Min / Minbi / Empress Myeongseong in power 1873-1895. All nations struggle over Korea, but only Japan, China and Russia have strong interest. Attempted reforms fail. the Donghak Rebellion fails 1894, leading to Cheondo-gyo Japan defeats China in 1895, and Queen Min was Murdered Christian Missionaries try to assist and inspire – but mostly in futility 10 Wed 7/18 Imperial War against Korea, China & etc 1895-1945 part-1 Korea’s “Independence” & “Empire” declared 1897. New Gate, Gojong “Emperor Gwangmu”. America takes the Philippines from Spain in 1898