C. 111 – Discrimination (Employment and occupation) Convention, 1958 and ratification done on 23rd October, 1979. C. 117 – Social Policy (basic aims and standards) Convention, 1962, to which ratification was done on 2nd December, 1964. C. 86 – Contracts of Employment Convention, 1947 to ratification was done on 2nd December, 1964. C. 50 – Recruitment of indigenous workers convention ratified on 2nd December, 1964. C. 29 – Forced Labour Convention ratified on 2nd December, 1964. C. 22 – Employment Policy Convention 1964, ratified on 23rd October, 1979. C. 19 Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925 of which ratification was done on 2nd December, 1964. C. 131 – Minimum Wage Fixing Convention, 1970, ratified on 20th June, 1972. C. 135 – Workers’ representatives’ Convention, 1971, ratified on 24th May, 1973. C. 144 – Tripartite Consultation Convention, 1976, ratified on 4th December, 1978. C. 158 – Termination of Employment Convention, 1982, ratified on 9th February, 1990. C. 173 – Protection of Workers’ Claims Convention, 1992, ratified on 25th May, 1998. C. 159 –Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983 and ratified on 5th January, 1989. C. 176 – Safety and Health in Mines Convention, ratified on 4th January, 1999. C. 151 –Labour Relations (Public Service) Convention, 1978, ratified on 19th August, 1980. C. 149 – Nursing Personnel Convention, 1977, ratified on 19th August, 1980. C. 182 – forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999, ratified on 10th December, 2001. C. 138 – Minimum Age Convention, 1973, ratified on 9th February, 1976. C. 157 – Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981 and ratified on 4th February, 1986. However, in the Zambian context for instance, the national legislations used as references in the process of collective bargaining include the following legislature:
Strikes – This entails withdrawing of labour as a way of compelling management to give in during the negotiation process. The following are various types of strikes (i) Economic strike – This strike is conditions of services and improved (ii) Wild cat strike – These gimmicks take quick and abrupt work stoppage .These strikes do not receive blessings from the union. (iii) Sympathy strike – A strike action taken by another union in support of the other union as a way of mounting pressure on management to give in and compromise it’s position. (iv) Sit down strike – This is when employees remain at their work places just to show their existence when in actual they have withdrawn labour. This affects the productivity of an organization and the performance levels of the organization drops tremendously. (v) Jurisdictional strikes – This is when there are more unions in one working place and one union seeks to have dominion over the other. The dominated union will exert pressure on management to recognize it as such. Recognition Strike – With this kind of a strike, the union mounts pressure on the employer to recognize and start dealing with such a union. However, a strike can be legal or illegal. In Zambia for instance, any strike action undertaken without following the legal procedures is an illegal strike and workers who take part in such a strike actions are dismissed. Picketing –This is when the union desires to keep the establishments or work premises closed during a strike action. In this case, the employees striking do patrol the premises to ensure that managers do not enter the plant. This approach is peaceful.