03 Thurs 7/06 Early Relations between the Three Nations; Sui attacks Goguryeo The Mongol Conquest of Asia and its Aftermath Formation of the Sam-han, and Lolang Commandery 108 BC under Emperor Han Wu-ti. Introduction of Chinese Iron-Age Culture, Kingship and Buddhism by missionaries and trade; Mason’s “one package theory”. 4th Cen Chinese Buddhism – its state-oriented and protective-guardian character – Hoguk Bulgyo The Three Kingdoms 三國時代 early conditions and cultural formation of Goguryeo 高句麗 (north) Baekje (SW) Shilla 新羅 (SE) was dis-united at that time – Civil War from 220 ~ 589 CE, when Sui re-united China of Goguryeo King Gwanggaeto was erected near his tomb in 414 by his son King Jangsu, in what is today the city of Ji'an along the Yalu River. Granite, ~7 meters tall, ~4 meters wide, 1802 Classical Chinese characters. Major primary source extant for the history of Goguryeo. Sui attack Goguryeo 612-16, repulsed by General Eulji Mundeok 乙支文德 04 Mon 7/10 & 05 Tues 7/11 Early & Medieval Relations between the Three Nations Ancient Transmission of Civilization from to Japan Unified Shilla and Tang China Early transmission of culture to Japan – in the Yamato period 250–710 CE, centered in Nara, then known as Yamato Province. Strong influence on Japan from Gaya, then Shilla, 500s-600s; some also from Sui China.
Mongol conquest (1231-59) and rule (1260-1350) Korea’s worldly but enslaved condition; royalty slowly becomes mongol Mongols attacked Japan with Korean labor and wood-shipbuilding from Jeju Nov 1274 and Aug 1281 (kamikaze, 4000 lost) population reduction, debauchery of everything. But one result: Printing! Taejo Seong-gye coup, founded the Joseon Dynasty 1392-1910 Radical Neo-Confucianism as the state ideology Hanyang (Seoul) becomes capital Ming Relations, meaning of Joseon, white pine trees King Sejong 世宗大王 (r.1418-50) – Han-geul, science, good-Gov Yulgok Yi I – scholar-official who advocated a strong Korean Military, was sadly ignored 07 Thurs 7/13 The Imjin War part one 1592–1630: invasions by Japan & Manchus, destruction & theft of Arts. Imjin War 壬辰倭亂 suddenly invasion by Hideyoshi, lasts 1592-98. Assistance from Ming China 1593 and 1598 Naval victories by Chungmu-gong Yi Sun-shin 忠武公 Martial Loyalty Lord 李舜臣 RIGHTEOUS ARMIES defence by local groups & Buddhist monks 08 Mon 7/17 The Imjin War part two Manchu Invasion Isolationism Masters Seosan 西山大師 & Samyeong-dang 四溟堂 leads to Namhan-Sanseong 9 temples Non-gae 論介 and the Cult of Loyalty. She killed a famous Japanese General (but who?) in 1593 at the Uiam 義巖, "righteousness rock" of Jinju. Family rewarded and Shrines built.
Repression in the 1930s, missionaries kicked-out as WW-II gets hot. 1945 August 15th Korea liberated by USA’s victory, declares independence. Russians move into the north, leading to “accidental” division. US destroys KPG, confusion; K leaders won’t accept plans for Trusteeship. AMG: General Hodge; Rhee Seung-man vs. Kim Koo 5str Gen Douglas MacArthur busy in as “Emperor of East Asia” 1945-52. 1947-8 Kim Il-sung will not unify or cooperate. RoK established by the UN. Division hardens, much conflict. Rhee power 1948. MACARTHUR DOCTRINE 1949 USA leaves. Kim Koo murdered. 1950-53 Korean War. NK wins, then Washington DC finally cares, due to Cold War. Orders MacArthur to intervene; Incheon; victory! But then China interferes! Truman refuses to use the A-bomb in 1952, MacArthur. Armistice 7/53 1954-60 Seoul vs. Pyeongyang; North Korea’s pseudo-communist cultish dictatorship Kim Il-sung’s Juche ideology and destruction of traditional culture in the North Stagnation, corruption & hunger in the South. Churches & USG help. culture starts to influence SK. 1961-1971 Park Chung Hee – initial protest by US but then acceptance. 1965 Park deal with Japan and supports US in Vietnam. 1. Thank-you 2. Anti-communism 3. War-experience 4. for soldiers 5. construction experience 1973 ME! 1975-79 Park becomes opponent of USA, especially Jimmy Carter, HR & D. 1980-1985 Chun Doo-hwan – America opposes, then grudgingly accepts in 1982. Gwangju Rebellion – US fault? Anti-Americanism rises on the left. 1986-8 USA supports Democracy Movement, passively. 88 OLYMPICS diplomacy! 1989-94 USA supports Roh Tae-woo & Kim Young Sam, but much anti-Americanism. Korea opens, exports soar! Exchanges, English teachers. 1995-2002 Good relations, although GWBush didn’t support Kim Dae-jung’s Sunshine. NK nuclear weapons crisis. 2002-2006 Anti-Americanism revives with Noh Moo-hyun; “Yankee Go Home”. 2007-2016 Relations are good again with Lee Myung-bak & Park Geun Hye, Despite the increasing tilt towards and troubles with NK.