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Table 1. Types of article published in four journals up to June 2016 Research Type JSM SMR ESMQ IJSMM Empirical study Quantitative 40 4 2 0 46 Qualitative 6 8 2 1 17 Mixed methods 1 0 0 0 1 Non-empirical study 9 1 0 0 10 JSM, Journal of Sport Management; SMR, Sport Management Review; ESMQ, European Sport Management Quarterly; IJSMQ, International Journal of Sport Management Table 2. Leadership studies published in four journals up to June 2016 Authors (Year) Theory/approach Method Sample Country Weese (1995) Transformational Leadership Four administrative levels (N=112) Directors (N=120) US & Canada Lovett & Lowry (1988) Gender and leadership Quantitative Male and Female (N=113) US Pastore (1991) Gender and leadership Quantitative Three groups: athletic directors (N=105 each) US Doherty & Danylchuk (1996) Transformational and transactional leadership Quantitative Head coaches (N=114) US Doherty (1997) Transformational and transactional leadership Quantitative Athletic administrators (N=32) Coaches (N=114) US Quarterman (1998) Leadership transformational behaviors Quantitative Commissioners (N=75) US Kent & Chelladurai (2001) Transformational leadership, Exchange Theory Quantitative Athletic director, associate athletic directors, departmental directors and third-tier employees (N=75) US Pfister & Radtke (2006) Gender and Leadership Qualitative Female (N=9) Male (N=6) Germany Palmer & Masters (2010) Women and Leadership Qualitative Female (N=4) New Zealand Burton (2015) Women and Leadership Non-empirical - -