supply-driven, water resources management. Moving to a deliberate and purposeful policy scenario of demand management is urgently required of governments in the region, although this may not be politically palatable in the short term. Reducing and managing the demand for water, enforcing greater efficiency of use and introducing water conservation are measures that require policy and legislative attention. Financial and institutional Knowing what needs to be done and actually doing it are two separate issues. Because of the overall economic status of the countries, the resources to implement programs designed to reduce water scarcity vary but are often scarce. This is also the cause of institutional weaknesses which result in overbearing bureaucracy and inefficiencies. Generally, throughout the region, the costs of services are not fully recovered, leading to operation and maintenance (O&M) problems. Institutional and financial weaknesses result in water not being available which could otherwise have relieved water scarcity. A further problem is that of foreign currency requirements. Much of the equipment and information required for effective modern water resources management, such as computers and remote imagery, has to be purchased with foreign currency, which may not be available. Sectorial professional capacity Closely related to the financial and institutional circumstances noted above is the critical problem facing water sector professionals in the region. The region is not without highly competent and motivated professionals, but their conditions of employment and the incentives are generally poor, with a rapid turnover in staff, particularly in the public service. The lack of sufficient expertise to manage water resources and develop and implement policy is a direct contributor to water scarcity. Political realities Politicians and decision-makers are the persons who have greatest influence on the allocation of scarce budgets and the adoption of policy. Unfortunately, the conceptual horizons of many politicians do not coincide with the parameters of prudent water resource management, resulting in decisions being made on the basis of short-term political expediency. To have the political will to develop policy and supportive legislation that will introduce the discipline necessary to manage water scarcity requires considerable political courage and foresight. Political tension and conflict within countries and between countries often have a greater influence on de facto policy than the practice of sound water policy.
0.06 29 Eustace Mwangi 37 2026 0 0 Illegal 30 James Maina 37 2023 0 0 Illegal 31 Simon Macharia 37 2029 0 0.3 48 0 Illegal 32 Haman Wanjohi 37 2029 0 0.05 0 Illegal 33 Paul Maina 37 2029 0 0.05 0 Illegal Francis Ikonya 37 2029 0 0 Illegal 35 Munyu Gathanji WP 37 2029 0 0 0 Expired permit 36 David Maina 37 2199 0 0 9.6 0 9.68 Illegal 37 Titus Kamau 37 2030 0 0 0 Illegal Patrick Kariuki Wanyika 37 2025 0 0.33 4.8 0 5.25 Illegal 39 Felister Njeri Wambui 37 2048 0 0 8.1 Illegal 40 James Ndegwa 37 2029 0 0.06 0 Illegal 41 Dancan Ndungu Murithi 37 2054 0.2 0 0 Illegal 42 Mary Wairimu Mwangi 37 2052 0 0 Illegal Jackson Mwangi Kariuki 37 2063 0 0 Illegal 44 Samuel Ndichu 37 1823 0 0 72 0 Illegal Duncan Gakungu 37 1824 0.4 0 0.15 0 Illegal 46 Boniface Murigi 37 1825 0 0 0 0 Illegal 47 John Mbogo 37 1831 0 0 0 Illegal 48 Peter Muhoro 37 1820 0 0 48 0 Illegal 49 George Munene 37 1870 0 0 48 0 Illegal 50 Philomena Kirigo 37 1919 0 0 Illegal Paul Githinji 37 1869 0.3 0 0 9.6 0 9.9 Illegal 52 Simon muturi 37 1873 0 0 0 Illegal 53 Joseph Kahora 37 1811 0 0 48 0 Illegal 54 Charles Kimani 37 1811 0.2 0 0 Illegal 57 61 62 64 66 68 96 82 0.1 85 86 93 0.1 0.1 119 130 136 0.07 228 380 418 52 81 86
0.12 28.8 55 Paul Kinyanjui 37 1813 0 0 0 0 19.2 Illegal 56 Martin Gakere 37 1813 0 0 0 40 0 40 Illegal John Mutua 37 1929 0 0.14 0 Illegal Cyrus Kinja 37 1930 0 0.49 0 Illegal Rware Ranch (Wamuzee) 37 1837 0.2 0 0 0 Illegal 60 Patrick Waruru 37 2029 0 0 Illegal Lucy Muthoni Ng'ang'a 37 1933 0 0 0 0 Illegal Lucy Nyakiugu 37 1933 0 0 0 Illegal Simon Muchiri 37 1925 0 0.83 0 Illegal Simon Muchiri 37 1925 0 0 0 0 Illegal 65 Peter Gichuru 37 1905 0.3 0 0 Illegal Peter Mutahi 37 1813 0.3 0 0.33 44 0 Illegal 67 Josphat Gacheru 37 1799 0 0.25 0 Illegal David Nyutu 37 1819 0 0 0 Illegal 69 Grace W. Gitau 37 1828 0.4 0 0.2 0 Illegal 70 Isaac Mburu 37 2161 0.2 0 0.15 0 Illegal 71 Geofrey Waweru 37 1869 0 0 0 Illegal 72 Mary Nyambura 37 1869 0.2 0 0 12 0 12.2 Illegal 73 Fredrick Kabiro 37 1869 0.2 0 0 0 Illegal 74 Simon Matheri 37 1870 0 0 0 Illegal Peter Kinyua 37 1870 0.2 0 0 0 29 Illegal Samuel Maina Mwangi 37 1870 0 0 0 Illegal 77 Harun Maina Waele 37 1868 0 0 0 Illegal 78 Isaiah Mwangi 37 1820 0 0 0 Illegal 79 Ephantus Nyaga 37 1820 0 0 0 Illegal 80 Elizabeth Bukoi 37 1819 0 0 Illegal James N. Ndungu 37 1819 0 0 Illegal 83 16 0.1 0.1 6 6 274 300 329 351 49 25 8 8 49
0.06 (Rware 37 N00. 09099 1930 0 0 Illegal Amos N. Mathenge 37 N00. 04363 2148 0 0 Illegal Peter Gitonga 37 1937 0 0 Illegal Benard Gitari 37 1866 0 0 0 0.4 0 0.4 Illegal Irene Ndagah 37 2033 0 0 0 0.8 0 0.8 Illegal John Kabethi 37 1927 0 0 1.2 0 1.24 Illegal Charles Gikonyo 37 1927 0.2 0 0.4 0 Illegal Daniel Mathaga/Amos Murimi 37 2200 0 0 0.8 0 1.12 Illegal Joshua Ndungu 37 2199 0 4.8 0 Illegal George Ndichu 37 2046 0 0 0 Illegal Ephantus Muchiri Thige 37 1927 0.36 0 0.66 0 Illegal Rware Parish 37 1934 0 0 0 0 28.8 Illegal Rware Parish 37 1929 0 0 0 64 0 64 Illegal Rware Parish 37 1934 0 0 0 0 57.6 Illegal Rware Parish 37 1928 0 0 Illegal waihenya Mukami 37 1928 0.2 0 0 Illegal Alex Maina 37 1929 0 0 72 0 Illegal Jane Wangari Kingori 37 2053 0 0 0 Illegal Simon Mundia 37 2057 0 0 0 Illegal Titus Kariuki 37 2056 0 0.28 40 0 Illegal Abdalla Karugo 37 2148 0 0.55 16 0 Illegal Uruku Sec School 37 2037 0 0 0.2 0 70.6 Illegal Josphat Ngeno 37 2080 0 0 Illegal Uruku Dispensary 37 2026 0 0 0 0 Illegal Mwangi Karuri John 37 2086 0 0.05 0 Illegal Daniel Waruguongo 37 1920 0 4.8 0 5.06 Illegal John Mburu Kingori 37 1936 0.4 0 9.6 0 Illegal 57.8 238 0.03 6 6 6 4 322 366 115 31 95
0.02 118 Githiria Teresia wanjiru 37 1932 0.6 0 0.35 120 0 Illegal James Muriuki Kibindu 37 1935 0 0.05 24 0 Illegal Gladys Mumbi 37 1933 0 0.12 0 30 Illegal Paul Wachiuri 37 1930 0.4 0 0 Illegal James Kariuki 37 1933 0.1 0 0 Illegal Joseph Kahiga 37 1932 0 0.1 24 0 Illegal Nicholas Kariuki 37 1933 0 0 0 0 0.06 Illegal Solomon Kamau 37 1928 0 0 0 0 Illegal Charles Ndegwa 37 1819 0 0.1 0 Illegal Michael Mwiga 37 1932 0 0 0.5 0 0.58 Illegal Maina Kaburungo 37 1933 0 0.1 0 Illegal Paul C. Maina 37 1931 0 0 24 0 Illegal 174 Kimani M. Kuria 37 1925 0.6 0 0 Illegal Samuel Mwangi 37 2038 0 0 0 120 Illegal Ibrahim Karanja 37 2033 0 0.05 12 0 Illegal Francis Babu 37 1920 0 0.1 0 Illegal Bonicafe Gichuki 37 2063 0 0 10 Illegal David K. Gitonga 37 2059 0 0 Illegal Amos Mathenge 37 N00. 01252 2016 0 0 0 Illegal Nahason Karumba 37 1979 0 0.21 0 Illegal Peterson M. Kaiyai 37 1925 0 0 0 0 38.4 Illegal Nguyo Kamigwi 37 1925 0 0 40 0 Illegal Joseph Kabinju 37 2082 0 0 Illegal Francis W. Njagi 37 1934 0 0 Illegal Teresia N. Muchiri 37 2040 0 0 0 26.6 0 26.6 Illegal Peter Ngurukie 37 1984 0 0 Illegal Earnest I Njogu 37 1934 0.2 0 0 0 86.6 Illegal 213 294 39 94 76 118
115 157 292 344 Marua ‘B’ Shamata Trout Farm 224 224 Applied Muthuri Water/Hort. S.H.G Applied Murua Farm 0 Applied Mwihoko Githima Applied Kirathimo SHWP 66 66 Applied Karai Farmers Co-op.Society Applied Mary Wangui Gitahi 10 Applied Peter G. Githongo 50 Applied Peter Karanja Macharia 196 Applied Wangui Gathungu 40 Applied Pesi Water Association 40 Applied Chege Rubia 50 Applied Chege Rubia 20 20 Applied Harry Chege Mathew 36 36 Applied Simon Njuma Kimemia 50 Applied Harun Maina Wairi 20 Applied John Gaturuhu Gatitu 60 Applied Wamamu United Ltd 150 150 Applied Gichuru Karuri 20 Applied Neuton K. Gathegera 20 Applied Andrew Mwarari Matu Applied Pesi Valley Irrig. Project Applied Neuton Kiai Gathegera Applied Matigari S. H. W. P 450 350 800 Applied Handa Wangeci Karo Applied Peter Murage Kamanja 33 Applied 1.8 21.8 75 35
105 123 17.6 Ngunjiri Macharia 1.28 app. George Githuku M. 20 20 Gichure Muthira 165 40 205 app. Mutai Githua app. Peterson Mwaniki Muturi 160 Wanjiku K. Muthiora 30 Applied Ragae Njuguna 1.9 220 Nancy Wanjiru Nderitu 910 910 Nancy Wanjiru Nderitu 160 160 Murage Munjama Karoki 50 Charles Ngugi 50 Joel Mwangi Mundia 4.5 600 Charles Muthira Gichure 1.5 18 19.5 Joel Mwangi Mundia 4.5 600 Lawrence Kihoro Njuki 196 G. Isaac & Company Ltd 0 Michael Mwangi Nduuru 1.66 Expired permit Samuel Nderitu Githae Valid permit Morris Mutungi Kanyeri Expired permit North Nyandarua Trout Growers Expired permit W. Assoc. Valid permit Wihote W. Assoc. 110 Valid permit Wiumiririe W/Assoc. Valid permit Carr Hartley Thome Farmers Expired permit
152 181 184 26.2 225 277 295 Hubert Reginald Stanton 7.6 Expired permit Kieni East Farmers Ltd Expired permit Mutara ADC Ranch Expired permit Kieni East Farmers Ltd 4.5 Expired permit Kieni East Farmers Ltd Expired permit Fina Fran Ltd(Ngorare Ranch) Expired permit Settlement Fund Trustees Expired permit Kifuku Estate 49.6 Expired permit Mohammed Saddia Bhola 54 54 Expired permit Moses Kigera Kamau 1.5 Expired permit Wilson Thuo Kamau Expired permit James Coates Kean Expired permit M/s Epir Farm Ltd Expired permit Epir Farm 59.9 Expired permit Thome Self Help WP 260 Expired permit Conservator of Forests Expired permit Kifuku Farm Estate Expired permit APPENDIX 10
ITEM No. BOREHOLE NAME LOCATION CURRENT STATUS RECCOMENDATION ESTIMATED COST(Kshs.) 1.0 Kihara B/H Kihara Sub Location Kanyagia -Wind pump vandalized -B/H area intact -Surface casing intact -Storage tank unserviceable -Requires cleaning 50,000 retest pumping to ascertain the yield 80,000 Installation of a new pumping system(Wind pump) 1,000,000 Construction/Installation of a new storage pump(50M3 ) masonry tank 350,000 2.0 Ndaragwa girls Kanyagia Equipped with a electrical sub mersible and Genset -Supplies water to the school only Maintained and operated by Ndaragwa Girls sec school Gitare borehole Gitare (Simbara) -A new borehole has been drilled by Ndaragwa CDF to replace an old abandoned one -The is a masonry tank 10m3 -Electricity power has been connected. -There a proposal to equip the borehole with an electrical submersible pump by CDF 500,000 -Distribution system to be surveyed and installed 1,000m 800,000 Storage tank constructed at an elevated site. 50m3 500,000 4.0 Kihuha bore hole Shamata Borehole equipped with an electrical submersible pump Rising main and distribution system not in place Installation of rising main 1,000m 1 1/2״Φ 800,000 Construction of a storage tank at an elevated site 50m3 500,000
5.0 Pesi Catholic church Upper Pesi centre -Borehole filled up with unknown materials to the top -Last used in 1969 -Water used for Livestock and domestic -High cost of maintenance forced the bore to be abandoned -The borehole requires replacement with a new one 3,000,000 6.0 North Tetu borehole Thome Borehole equipped with a hand pump and operation The community would prefer a wind pump instead of a hand pump 1,000,000 7.0 Thome Turkana water project Thome -A wind pump used to pump water from Pesi canal -The system has been vandalized making difficult to repair effectively -Constructed in 1991 by Catholic diocese (Rumuruti mission.) - A prefabricated elevated steel tank (18m3) exists about 1.4 km away. The tank is in good condition -The existing wind pump should be replaced with a new one and installed at a shallow well to be dug near the banks of Pesi river. 1,300,000 -The rising main should be reinstalled a new 1.5km 2˝Φ 1,200,000
- -Installation of a wind pump 1,000,000 -Construction of 50mΦ masonry storage tank. 500,000 9.0 Alenya borehole Alenya -Borehole abandoned with engine and pump removed -Hole is open with rods and draw pipes still inside the borehole, -Area not settled and demarcation has not been done. Was operation until 1980s -Masonry tank(open) -cattle trough in place -Borehole requires cleaning and Re test pumping 400,000 - Installation of a wind pump 1,000,000 -Rehabilitation of storage tank and cattle trough and distribution system. 150,0000 10. Ndaranja borehole(Kamau Kagere) Thome -Borehole partially capped -Was operational up to 1970s -Requires cleaning/Re drilling 400,000 -Installation of a wind pump 1,000,000 -Construction of a storage tank and 50m3 500,000 TOTAL KSHS. 19,130,000