Name __________________ Date ________ Teacher_______________ Period ______ Revolutions Review 2015 - OL English Civil War Glorious Revolution Who? Why? What? Who? Why? What? Charles I Tried to force Anglican Prayer book on Scots – they rebelled. Parliament refused to fund Charles’ attempt to put down rebellion. Charles tries to arrest members of Parliament – failed and fled north. Captured, put on trial and beheaded. James II Becomes king when Charles II dies. Flaunts Catholic beliefs. Appoints Catholics to high offices. Dissolved Parliament. Wife had son – Protestant afraid of Catholic kings. Parliament goes to older daughter Mary and husband William who are Protestant. Oliver Cromwell Abolished monarchy, created a constitution, but ripped it up and ruled as military dictator. After his death, Parliament the monarchy – asked Charles II to rule (son of Charles I). William and Mary Parliament asks them to overthrow James. William led army into London in 1688 – no blood shed. Charles II Restored monarchy, theater, sporting events, and dancing. Had no heir. Debate over who should inherit – his brother James who was Catholic. Whigs-opposed him; Tories – supported him. (Limited) Monarchy Parliament wants to limit power of monarchs. Laws created limiting ruler’s power. English Bill of Rights and cabinet created.
1st Estate France a. CLERGY b. OWNED 10% OF LAND c. 1% OF POPULATION 2nd Estate France a. NOBLES b. OWNED 10% OF LAND c. 2% OF POPULATION d. PAID SOME TAXES 3rd Estate France a. BOURGEOISIE b. PEASANTS c. 97% POPULATION d. PAID MOST OF THE TAXES What was the Boston Massacre? The Boston Massacre was the killing of five colonists by British soldiers on March 5, 1770. It was the culmination of civilian-military tensions that had been growing since royal troops first appeared in Massachusetts in October 1768 to enforce the heavy tax burden imposed by the Townshend Acts. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? How does it reflect Enlightenment ideas? THOMAS JEFFERSON. IT USED PRINCIPLES OF INALIENABLE RIGHTS (LIFE, LIBERTY, AND PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS). STATED THAT IT WAS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF A MONARCHY TO PROTECT AND PROVIDE FOR ITS PEOPLE, AND IN THE EVENT THE MONARCHY DID NOT, THE PEOPLE HAD THE RIGHT OR DUTY TO OVERTHROW THE MONARCHY AND SET UP A GOVERNMENT BASED ON POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY. Individual Rights Rights given to the people by the U.S. ______________ and the Bill of Rights. Examples: Freedom of Speech _______________ Right to _________ ________________ Popular Sovereignty It is the ultimate __________ authority that rests with the _____________. _________ TO THE PEOPLE! Federalism A system of government in which power is __________ by a central or federal government and by the _________ governments. Example: U.S. Congress down to the Texas ___________
Separation of Powers The division of governmental power into the ___________ branch, ___________ branch, and ___________ branch. Each branch has _______ of the power needed to run the government. Checks and Balances A system that spreads power among the different _________ of government. Each branch _________ the Other so that no one branch is able to ___________ the others. Republicanism A form of government in which the supreme political power resides in the ___________ (voters) and the administration is run by Representatives who are responsible to the ________. ROCK THE VOTE! Limited Government Limited government makes sure that leaders of government do not ________ the powers they have been given. It insists that all people, including the __________ and Congress obey the laws. NO ONE IS ABOVE THE LAW! Leader Location Importance Simon Bolivar Latin America Won Venezuela’s independence and later Ecuador, then finagling drove all Spanish forces out of Latin America and declared Latin America free of European control Jose de San Martin Latin America Aided in freeing Chili, died on his way to Europe