Cultural and Ceremonial Leave NAIDOC Week Leave An Employee of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent is entitled to one day of paid leave per year to participate in National Aboriginal and Islander Day Observance Committee (NAIDOC) week activities and events. NAIDOC week leave will not accrue from year to year and will not be paid out on termination of the employment of the Employee. Leave to attend Aboriginal community meetings The Employer may approve attendance during working hours by an Employee of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent at any Aboriginal community meetings, except the Annual General Meetings of Aboriginal community organisations at which the election of office bearers will occur. Leave to attend Annual General Meetings of Aboriginal community organisations The Employer may grant an Employee of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent accrued annual or other leave to attend Annual General Meetings of Aboriginal community organisations at which the election of office bearers will occur. Ceremonial leave Ceremonial leave may be granted to an Employee of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent for ceremonial purposes: connected with the death of a member of the immediate family or extended family (provided that no Employee shall have an existing entitlement reduced as a result of this clause); or for other ceremonial obligations under Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander lore. Where ceremonial leave is taken for the purposes outlined in clause 53.4(a), up to three days in each year of employment will be with pay. Paid ceremonial leave will not accrue from year to year and will not be paid out on termination of the employment of the Employee. Ceremonial leave granted under this clause 53.4 is in addition to compassionate leave granted under clause 50. Long Service Leave Basic Entitlement An Employee is entitled to 495.6967 hours (three months) long service leave with pay for each period of ten years’ paid fulltime Continuous Service in the VPS. An Employee who is a parttime Employee for the purposes of clause 15.5 is entitled to long service leave on a pro rata basis calculated on the number of ordinary hours
The Custodial Officers Structure is set out in Table 5 below. The salaries referred to in this table are referenced against the VPS Structure set out in Schedule B (salaries relate to 76 hour fortnight). The Custodial Officers Classification Descriptors set out at clause 9 of Schedule E apply. Table 5: Custodial Officers Structure Custodial Officers (COG) Structure VPS Grade Alignment (Note: salary rates relate to 76 hour fortnight) COG 1 Trainee VPS salary point 1.1.4. COG 2A Prison Officer VPS salary point 2.1.1. to VPS salary point 2.2.7 COG 2B Senior Prison Officer/Industry Officer VPS salary point 3.1.1 to VPS salary point 3.2.2 COG 3 Prison Supervisor/Industry Supervisor VPS salary point 3.2.3 to VPS salary point 4.1.2 COG 4 Operations Manager/Industry Manager VPS salary point 4.1.3 to top of VPS 5 Value Range 1 COG 5 General Manager VPS salary point 5.2.1 to top of VPS 6 Value Range 1 COG 6 Senior General Manager VPS salary point 6.2.1 to top of VPS 6 Value Range 2 COG 7 Senior General Manager – Major Prison Facilities 7.1 – VPS salary point 7.1 to the top of Value Range 1 7.2 – VPS salary point 7.2 to the top of Value Range 2 7.3 – VPS salary point 7.3 to the top of Value Range 3 Department of Justice and Regulation – Sheriff’s Officer Structure Progression in the Sheriff’s Officer structure is as follows:
Classification Descriptors VPS Non-Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors Table 1.1: VPS Grade Descriptors and Value Range Standard Descriptors - Grades 1 to 4 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Value Range VR1 VR2 VR1 VR2 Decision Making 1.1A 2.1A 2.2A 3.1A 3.2A 4.1A Accountability and Frameworks Undertakes specific and defined tasks within established rules under close supervision, defined as: clear and detailed instructions are provided; tasks are covered by standard procedures; deviation from procedures or unfamiliar situations are referred to higher levels; and work is regularly checked Influences own daily work priorities and schedules under direction of supervisor Accountable for accuracy and Applies rules, processes and standards under general supervision Plans and prioritises own work program to achieve defined targets Changes own work program, which may impact on the operations of the work area Selects from a range of accepted options established by rules, processes, and standards Makes decisions that may have significant impact on clients Team leadership may be exercised where appropriate to the role Exercises professional judgement about the application of rules, or the selection of choices within guidelines Resolves local operational service delivery problems within guidelines Reviews decisions, assessments and recommendations from less experienced team members Determines the work organisation of the work area Analysis and advice contributes to decision making by others Manages budget and resources for the work Sets local precedents regarding the application of guidelines Provides guidance for others in the work area and/ or related areas Develops guidelines within the work area Resolves operational service delivery problems consistent with program objectives Interprets and applies business plans and policies to own area of responsibility Advice and analysis contributes to policy formulation
timeliness of outputs area Innovation and Originality The focus is on maintaining existing systems and processes Identifies opportunities to improve own efficiency and suggests these to supervisor Judgement is required to solve problems arising in own work program Takes initiative to recommend improved processes in immediate work area Creatively deals with problems within the work area Initiates improvements to procedures within the work area Assesses and responds to policy and process changes in the work area Identifies and applies developments within professional field to problem solving within the work area Innovative thinking is an inherent feature of the job Defines the appropriate methodology in the analysis of policy or research options Communication 1.1B 2.1B 2.2B 3.1B 3.2B 4.1B Provides and receives routine information Communication is mainly focused on routine issues that may require an understanding of the operational context Explains rules, procedures and operational policies to individual clients or colleagues Presents routine information to small groups and provides feedback to organisation Draft routine internal reports and correspondence Liaises with stakeholders, clients and external providers of goods and services Suggests alternative approaches to clients or Conducts formal community information sessions and consultative process involving small groups or participates in a similar process in larger groups Uses persuasion skills in dealing with an individual client, colleague, service provider or the like May lead a team through activities including individual and team performance management and development Explains concepts and policies to clients, stakeholders and staff Plans, leads and facilitates information sessions and consultative processes in a range of settings Prepares briefs on sensitive issues for consideration of others Draft public communication Plan, lead and facilitate consultative processes in a range of settings involving more difficult or sensitive issues Prepares complex operational reports requiring in-depth factual analysis Conveys specialist concepts and policies to clients, staff and stakeholders Prepares reports, briefs and correspondence on complex issues that impact at program or organisational level Develops and implements operational communication and consultation strategies on specific projects Applies negotiation persuasion and motivation skills to manage staff and
stakeholders Understands procedures for effectively dealing with people exhibiting challenging behaviours documents Communicates issues and advocates a preferred case or option to stakeholders Communicate professional/ technical concepts and advice Provides communication guidance to less experienced colleagues Uses persuasion, advocacy, negotiation and motivation skills with clients, providers, staff, peers and managers stakeholders Knowledge and Proficiency 1.1C 2.1C 2.2C 3.1C 3.2C 4.1C Focus is on learning, developing and refining work skills Requires knowledge of equipment and tools to perform routine tasks, experiments and procedures, and develops practical application of these Understands and applies theoretical principles, under supervision, to achieve defined outcomes Develops knowledge of established techniques and organisational processes Uses theoretical knowledge under supervision to achieve defined outcomes in a variety of work situations Local reference point in operational processes and procedures Uses theoretical knowledge to achieve agreed outcomes in moderately complex work situations Authoritative in application of processes and policy relevant to the work unit Adapts theoretical knowledge based on practical experience and/or understanding of current issues in the field Applies understanding of interrelationships between stakeholders and/or other work units to achieve local Researches and applies advanced theoretical knowledge in a specialised field to operational problem solving Applies sound theoretical and practical expertise in development of policy
skills Requires understanding of general office work routines and procedures Acquire and apply proficiency in standard office equipment and computer applications Proficient in use of software or technical equipment Knowledge of legislation, regulations, policies and processes relevant and specific to the role Knowledge of relevant legislation, regulations, policies and processes objectives options Authoritative in application of processes Policy and Projects 1.1D 2.1D 2.2D 3.1D 3.2D 4.1D Provides administrative support to policy and projects, consistent with the support elements described in 1.1B Drafts minutes and action plans for consideration by others Collects data, undertakes basic analysis and prepares simple reports Undertakes research specified by others, including data analysis Administers routine projects under direction or coordinates project steps Contributes to operational service delivery policy development Researches issues and prepares draft reports and briefings within a project plan or policy framework set by others Conducts projects of defined scope under direction Obtains, summarises and reports on stakeholder views Plans and conducts several narrowly scoped projects simultaneously Conducts aspects of more complex projects under direction Contributes to planning on large projects Researches and develops recommendations in a specific field of expertise Develops and implements operational policy which impacts the immediate work area Contributes to strategic policy development within a specific field of expertise Manages projects, usually under limited direction Contributes expertise
consistent with 2.1B identify exceptions Operational Service Delivery 1.1F 2.1F 2.2F 3.1F 3.2F 4.1F Provides routine information, such as standard information and explanations, to clients and members of the public Receives payment for routine services such as the sale of publications and individual licence fees Performs routine service delivery functions for clients such as, driving, food preparation, cleaning, gardening, assisting qualified trade persons and minor maintenance Operates and maintains tools and equipment appropriate to the function and level of qualification Provides standard services under general supervision and within a defined service delivery framework Delivers information services to the general public or clients, including initial advice and referral Consistent with the development of knowledge specified at 2.1C, participates in routine investigations under direction and provides evidence if required Reconciles, banks monies and manages petty cash Assesses client needs and implements appropriate service delivery from a range of accepted options Identifies where limited precedents apply and may recommend action to be taken Assists in preparing or presenting cases in a range of review forums, tribunals and courts Supervises a service delivery team Assesses client needs and delivers a range of services in complex situations investigates and assesses actions by individuals or organisations against legislation, rules, regulations and service agreements Advocates issues involving established precedents before a range of review forums, tribunals and courts Participates in the development of strategies to represent the organisation or clients, involving complex and challenging problems Reviews client assessments and associated service delivery plans Advocates more complex cases to represent the organisation or clients before a range of review forums, tribunals and courts Recommends strategies to represent the agency and/or clients involving complex and challenging problems Determines operational service delivery plans based on accepted standards Recommends resource allocation to immediate manager in order to meet service delivery priorities Manages operational work teams Undertakes advanced case management, which may include cross agency collaboration Undertakes complex or technical investigations and makes recommendations for action Technical/Specialist 1.1G 2.1G 2.2G 3.1G 3.2G 4.1G Assists technicians, scientists and Conducts routine scientific, technical or Modifies routine scientific, technical or Conducts small to medium scientific, Plan small to medium scientific, technical or Manages a scientific, technical or specialist
dealing with more complex issues in a specialised corporate support function Provides professional leadership in a specialised corporate support function initiatives and is responsible for implementation corporate functions, each with significant budget, staff responsibilities or strategic importance Leads strategic corporate initiatives Operational Service Delivery 5.1E 5.2E 6.1E 6.2E Manages cross-functional delivery within a defined service Develops service plans and delivery standards for the area of responsibility Determines service delivery resource allocation Provides specialist professional services or advice Manages cross-functional delivery of a defined service with increased budget, staff responsibilities, or sensitive or complex issues Provides specialist professional services or advice, including leadership and guidance to other specialists in the field Manages a large scale organisational service or regional delivery function Develops service delivery models within business plans and objectives Provides highly specialist services or expert advice on service delivery Provides leadership and guidance based on advanced expertise Develops complex or specialised service delivery models Responsible for meeting service objectives, including financial, quality and time related targets for programs or major projects Technical Specialist 5.1F 5.2F 6.1F 6.2F Specialist in an area of their profession and relied on for advice in this field Undertakes complex independent scientific, technical or specialist work and analysis Initiates research and analysis within an area of expertise consistent with organisational objectives Provides leadership and guidance to other specialists in the field Contributes to the development of standards relating to the sector, program or profession Subject matter expert that conceptualises, initiates, implements, promotes and evaluates complex and innovative technical programs Routinely advises senior levels of the organisation on policy issues and solutions within a functional area Develop technical or professional standards for the organisation Area of expertise and responsibility is complicated by the scale and difficulty of the issues Provides leadership and guidance based on advanced expertise
practice of law. This includes: preparing, conducting and advocating cases; briefing counsel and supervising lawyers in private practice who represent the agency; preparing legal documents providing legal advice and opinions; researching and interpreting case law, precedents, legal procedures and legislation; interpreting legislation and precedent; and developing and reviewing legislation legal system. In this context, articled clerks continue to acquire knowledge and apply professional legal knowledge under direct supervision. The focus is on applying professional knowledge under supervision. Routine work is dealt with independently Professional legal work is checked and approved by others. operational environment under direct supervision. Note* Limited practice experience would typically be characterised by less than 12 months experience. The focus at this level is to undertake professional tasks within established guidelines and policies. Level 1 Solicitors progress to Level 2 following 12 months service or earlier provided they meet the performance standards of the Department/ Agency at this level and the work is required at Level 2. environment. The job focus changes to undertaking professional tasks within established guidelines and policies with greater independence. legal advice and regarded as developing a key functional expertise within the area of expertise. May have responsibility for mentoring less experienced legal staff Litigation VPS Grade and Value Range descriptors apply Provides support to more experienced legal officers in courts, tribunals and review forums Assists with interviewing witnesses and taking statements Provides routine advice within established Assesses case requirements and implements appropriate processes from a range of accepted options Assists with preparation for negotiations between opposing parties. Assess adequacy of evidence Prepares more complex cases/ matters Negotiates settlement agreements within defined parameters. Instructs in more complex committals, inquests, trials and appeals and routine civil proceedings in the Participates in negotiations and recommends dispute settlements Prepare and/or instructs in more complex committals, summary prosecutions, inquests, trials and appeals Manages cases involving less prescription or limited
procedural frameworks Assists in preparing and presenting cases in a range of review forums, tribunals and courts Attend directions hearings and routine case conferences in routine cases Prepares for routine litigation in Magistrates Courts, County Courts and tribunals Appears in routine matters in the Magistrates and County Courts, and tribunals including mentions and case conferences Prepares and instructs in routine committals, inquests, trials and appeals and routine civil proceedings in the Magistrates and County Courts, and tribunals Assists in the development of legal strategies Magistrates and County Courts, and tribunals precedents Briefs and instructs counsel on moderately complex matters Appears in matters in the Magistrates and County Courts, and tribunals including mentions and case conferences including cases of a more complex nature Advice Work VPS Grade and Value Range descriptors apply Prepares legal briefs and advice under supervision Undertakes legal research under direction to contribute to decision making by others Provides routine advice within established procedural frameworks Recommends appropriate legal courses of action from a range of alternatives based on known practice and precedents Liaises with, and provides information to, individuals, court and tribunal staff and other agencies Advises on the requirements of contracts and agreements Researches and reports on Prepares detailed documents requiring detailed legal analysis Contributes to planning of legal strategies, research or policy development Identifies and applies legal developments to problem solving within a specific work area of the organisation. Develops legal policy proposals for consideration by others Provides advice in a specialised area of law under broad direction Advises stakeholders on a broad range of legal matters consistent with the area of specialisation Provides advice on issues involving the consideration
case law and recent legal developments Assesses actions by individuals or organisations against legislation, rules, regulations and service agreements of moderately complex factual, legal or evidentiary issues within establish frameworks Legislative Drafting VPS Grade and Value Range descriptors apply Contributes to developing drafting instructions for legislation Supports more experienced staff in preparing subordinate legislation Prepares straightforward draft subordinate legislation for review by supervisors Prepares drafting instructions independently for straightforward legislative proposals incorporating stakeholders views Drafts bills under general direction for consideration by others Undertake research and evaluation and provide advice on legislation and government policy Seeks stakeholders views and applies understanding of current issues in developing proposals and advice Prepares drafting instructions and supporting documentation for legislation under direction Legal Drafting VPS Grade and Value Range descriptors apply Uses basic precedents to prepare legal documentation under supervision Prepares preliminary draft contracts and agreements Undertakes research to support more experienced staff in preparing legal Prepares routine legal documents regularly requiring the application of established precedent Researches issues and prepares legal advice within a framework set by others Prepares routine public Undertakes legal drafting projects where precedent is not as well defined. Prepares complex reports, briefs and correspondence on issues that impact at program or organisational level Examine and report on complex legal instruments and decisions
Legal Drafting Prepares proposals for changes to the law and policy for consideration by managers Researches and prepares reports at an advanced professional level Prepares high-level written advice, proposals and briefings within the area of specialisation Develops briefs on complex issues that provide options for discussion and consideration Co-ordinates complex legal projects Works on legal drafting projects where the level of specification is less prescribed Develops briefs on complex issues that provide definitive options Prepares public communication documents on contentious/sensitive legal matters Formulate strategies to deal with highly sensitive legal matters Initiates legal research and analysis within the area of expertise Develops proposals, conducts and implements major legal reviews Speech Therapists, Social Workers, Psychologists/Guidance Officers and Related Professions (Allied Health) Grade and Value Range Descriptors Note. Allied Health Descriptors are to be read in conjunction with the VPS Grade and Value Range Descriptors with which they align. Table 3.1: Speech Therapists, Social Workers, Psychologists/Guidance Officers and Related Professions (Allied Health) Grade and Value Range Descriptors - Grades 1 and 2. Local Title Allied Health Grade 1 Local Title Allied Health Grade 2 VPS Grade Alignment VPS Grade 2VR 1 VPS Grade 2 VR 2 VPS Grade 3VR 1 VPS Grade 3VR 2 Definition The primary purpose of the job is the actual practice of the profession and such management functions associated with the profession as are provided for in Jobs at this level require a mandatory qualification below degree level Provides client support within a well defined service delivery framework Minimum entry level for mandatory degree qualified roles Assesses client needs, develop case plans and implements appropriate action from a range of accepted options Assesses client needs and delivers a range of services in complex situations within generally defined parameters Provides standard professional services independently within Reviews client assessments and associated service delivery plans Provides guidance for others in the work area and/ or related areas Provides operational leadership in terms of local issues and strategy
the descriptors. The occupational group requires a mandatory qualification in the area of the profession or equivalent and registration with the appropriate professional body where e required. The category includes psychologists, guidance officers, speech pathologists, social workers, welfare workers and other clinicians including occupational therapists, physiotherapists and dieticians. The Allied Health category excludes professionals in other occupational classification categories. Assesses client needs, develops case plans and implements appropriate action where solutions are clearly defined Applies theoretical principles to case management under general guidance and supervision Advises clients and initiates intervention strategies in routine cases Liaises with clients, families, caregivers and service providers to address client needs in routine cases Provide information to clients and families on available services Maintains client records and case notes/history Participates in development and delivery of programs for clients Identifies and develops alternative options within established parameters Advises clients and initiates intervention strategies Works with other professionals in dealing with complex cases Recommends case management strategies, including referrals Monitors, evaluates and reports on case plans Facilitates programs for clients either directly or in conjunction with specialist professionals Liaises with other staff and external service providers regarding the needs of the client and their family defined organisational parameters Manages complex cases under professional guidance and supervision Exercises professional judgement about the application of rules, or the selection of choices within guidelines Develops targeted interventions through application of professional guidelines Explains professional concepts and approaches to clients, stakeholders, colleagues and staff Facilitates individual or group programs for clients Prepares reports and advice within policy frameworks Provides definitive advice in respect of client needs in the area of the profession Conducts professional projects of defined scope under direction Uses persuasion, advocacy, negotiation and motivation skills with clients, their families, providers, staff, peers and managers and contributes to policy development within the organisation Influences management and colleagues on operational strategies Prepares complex professional reports requiring in-depth factual analysis including assessments and recommendations for consideration by others
development of new knowledge; undertaking scientific research using computer based analytical tools; testing, analysing and reporting; undertaking investigations; advising and informing stakeholders on scientific matters; compliance related activities; risk assessment and management; development of science-based policy; and assisting clients in the adopting of new on-ground practices, including extension work which is defined as dialogue with clients dealing with science concepts. *Includes a Degree for new staff and a relevant Diploma for existing staff as at the operative date. ** Defined as physical and life sciences, or directly related fields Under supervision, develops schedules of scientific, extension, enforcement and technical activities required in a project May contribute data to publications – where not precluded by contractual obligations. Presents work at informal seminars Communicates (orally and in writing) research and scientific findings (appropriate communication media are determined by the nature of the science role – e.g. written work might encompass newspaper articles or advisory work, or contributing a paper for a scientific journal) May regularly interact with a range of external or internal clients to provide advice or specialist information. Investigates, accurately analyses needs and priorities and disseminates scientific information using appropriate knowledge transfer techniques, including addressing farmers, community groups and school students. Applies understanding of professional ethics and the scientific method in the development, conduct and interpretation of work Is becoming a recognised specialist within a specific, but limited, subject area. May control a laboratory function or field operation where a variety of related scientific functions are performed When planning and evaluating science projects, gives consideration to government policy direction, market segmentation, community expectations and other relevant parameters Continuing to establish a publication record where appropriate to the role and organisational requirements Gives oral presentations on more complex matters at seminars/conferences Prepares and delivers addresses and lectures to stakeholder bodies, university students and peer professionals May prepare/present scientific evidence for use in prosecutions May manage laboratories, project teams or field operatives Formulates and supervises experimental and professional development programs for less experienced colleagues Provides coaching and mentoring to junior colleagues and students in developing skills in experiments planning and ethical standards May supervise Honours/Masters students or co-supervise PhD students Project methods and experimental design requires innovative approach Develops consultation and communication processes with collaborators, customers and the community
a specialised area of science, although is not necessarily the most senior authoritative adviser Is developing a national reputation amongst peers in the same field of science. Independently performs scientific work at an advanced level. Provides high level professional leadership Actively mentors less experienced staff and peers within the area of expertise Leads the development of new areas of work Makes original contribution to scientific knowledge May have own review articles published May be invited to speak at national conferences May identify sources of funding and funding opportunities from external parties and leads efforts to secure funding Negotiates and collaborates with stakeholders to advance organisational aims. precedents and concepts to new situations that may have a resultant impact in other areas and /or results in a substantial scientific redirection Critically analyses and synthesises scientific data, resulting in knowledge generation and recommendations for changed approaches that impact beyond the immediate work area. Makes a continuing impact within their field of expertise through the discovery and communication of new knowledge May be invited to publish review articles on scientific knowledge Influences stakeholders (internal and external). Integrates scientific concepts across disciplines May be involved in the commercialisation processes to the extent of specialist expertise; identification of intellectual property; providing advice on implications and potential use; promoting potential applications and benefits to commercial oral advice on complex and challenging scientific matters May be a member of the editorial advisory board of international or national scientific journals May be invited to international conferences as expert speaker Identifies emerging technical and economic issues. Critically analyses and synthesises scientific data, resulting in recommendations that have broad implications Plans, initiates and implements research, extension or policy responses in anticipation of significant scientific, social economic, policy or environmental changes Leads research into complex, sensitive or contentious scientific matters Line manages a substantial scientific and/or technical organisational unit; or is a knowledge leader or expert within that scientific discipline May supervise or examine PhD stakeholders on complex, sensitive or contentious scientific matters Develops scientific solutions/techniques or strategies that have significant implications for the discipline Participates at a senior level in state, national or international working parties and committees Influences policy development through the targeted communication of complex scientific information Is acknowledged by peers as a national or international scientific leader within the particular scientific discipline
defined by case plans in the care, support and supervision of clients Assesses the level of risk for clients and their families Responds to a variety of case circumstances Presents matters to courts and tribunals as required Participates in the development and review of case plans Plans and prioritises own work to achieve defined targets Refers complex cases and issues to more senior professional staff Provides authoritative advice on service delivery issues Reviews assessments and recommendations proposed by others Develops and manages client case plans Manages highest risk cases including undertaking appropriate cross agency collaboration Assesses notifications and initiates appropriate action Accountability and Frameworks Provides direct client support and supervision services Maintains accurate client records of a limited nature Selects and applies a variety of work practices and techniques common to the work area Refers complex problems to the supervisor for resolution Responsible for monitoring and implementing case plans, and protective orders Recommends appropriate interventions Selects from a variety of techniques, systems, methods or procedures Brief case support aides as appropriate Coordinates case management services Mentors less experienced case workers Provides advice relating to individual case plans to peers, internal and external stakeholders Provides well developed recommendations on intervention strategies and client service delivery Responsible for the performance of the team Develops operational guidelines for the work area Makes decisions on intervention strategies and client service delivery Contributes to program development Innovation and Originality Judgment is required to solve problems arising in own work program Exercises professional judgment Recommends improvement to case management systems and Explores new ideas in response to nonroutine case issues and problems and proposes changes Solves problems by applying initiative, sound judgment and expertise drawing on a range of
Takes initiative to recommend improved processes in immediate work area practices and solutions Solves problems by applying advanced judgment and professional expertise professional networks Explores new ideas to improve program delivery Communication Communicates effectively with clients, and their families/guardians/caregivers Prepares case notes for consideration of others and routine correspondence as required Uses persuasion, advocacy, negotiation and motivation skills with clients, their families and guardians Liaises with other service providers Prepares client assessments, case notes and plans, and correspondence Prepares client reports for courts Uses well developed negotiation skills in pursuit of coordinated client services Provides specialised advice and information to other professionals Prepares case reports and correspondence at a more advanced level Provides professional advice and opinions to professionals of other disciplines on the services being provided Leads or participates in case conferences with other professionals Prepares correspondence, drafts submissions and briefings Reviews court reports Knowledge and Proficiency Understands and applies relevant procedures, practices, guidelines and legislation relating to the work area Applies theoretical knowledge and concepts to risk assessment and service provision Applies knowledge and understanding of relevant legislation Applies understanding of standards, techniques, and practices and current trends and approaches to service provision Exercises the analytical skills and expertise of an established professional Applies knowledge and expertise to complex situations Provides authoritative advice related to their clients to other professionals and organisations Understands contemporary research and developments in the field Demonstrates an in understanding of policies and operational procedures in the area of responsibility Applies knowledge and expertise to complex and difficult cases and situations Identifies and applies appropriate research when formulating appropriate interventions Applies knowledge to identify gaps in case assessments prepared by others
1. Intake – Employees provide advice, referral and accept reports (the majority by telephone) and determine the outcome of these reports 2. Response – Employees investigate those reports determined to require a protective investigation 3. Case management Employees provided case management for children and young people who have been found to be in need of care and protection, either through investigative outcome with no court order, or investigative outcome with court order 4. Case contracting – Employees manage the statutory aspects for children and young people whose case management has been contracted to a Community Service Organisation. Note: References to Child FIRST in these descriptors denotes a geographical boundary. Note: Child Protection Practitioner (CPP) Grade and Value Range Descriptors reflect the underpinning work value anchors for the function. If the descriptors reference the VPS Grade and Value Range Descriptors, the Child Protection Practitioner (CPP) descriptors are to be read in conjunction with them. The Child Protection program does not currently have jobs in Grade 1 work value Table 7.1: Child Protection Practitioner Structure – Child Protection Practitioner Stream(CPP) – Classifications and Standard Descriptors Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 VR 1 VR 1 VR 1 Grade Descriptors Practice stream: Provides basic care and support in delivering and supervising clients on family visits and a range of client activities Works within a welldefined environment under general supervision Provides standard services to support child protection practitioners carrying out their statutory roles Typically a case practice support worker in regional child protection Practice stream: Provides standard services under general supervision within a service delivery framework Typically an entry level/ basegrade case practitioner in regional child protection Practice stream: Provides standard services within a service delivery framework Works as a case practitioner involved in managing the care, support and supervision of clients with greater autonomy Typically an advanced case practitioner in regional child protection Practice stream: Provides a professional service in field of expertise Typically a regional senior child protection practitioner Management stream: Manages delivery of services to clients within a service delivery framework Typically a regional child protection team manager Practice stream: Provides a highly specialised, professional service in field of expertise Typically a regional child protection principal practitioner Management stream: A senior regional program manager with a significant impact on program management and delivery Typically a regional Area Manager (within a Child FIRST catchment)
Consults with more senior case practitioners as needed supports new child protection practitioners Manages program activities and sensitive or high risk issues Manages a team of practitioners Undertakes case planning Manages the work organisation, resources and outputs for the team solutions Develops briefs on highly complex practice issues Undertakes case planning appeals as required Management stream: Manages a regional child protection service with increased budget, employee and agency responsibilities Responsible for implementation of endorsed strategic policy within the region VR 2 Practice stream: Manages sensitive, high risk cases Provides specialist professional supervision, education and advice including leadership and guidance to other specialists in the field Undertakes quality audits Monitors professional child protection standards within the region Management stream: VR 2 Practice stream: Area of expertise and responsibility is complicated by the scale and difficulty of the issues Provides leadership and guidance based on advanced expertise Provides complex or specialised service delivery models Undertakes case planning appeals as required Management stream:
Manages program activities and sensitive or high risk issues with a higher degree of autonomy in a region Manages a team of practitioners with a higher degree of autonomy in a region Undertakes case planning Manages the work organisation, resources and outputs for the team Assist in managing a child protection area Manages a range of strategic statutory functions, each with significant budget, employee responsibilities or strategic importance Integrates child protection service delivery with the other statutory services provided in the region Manages major projects for the region Undertakes case planning appeals as required Accountability and Frameworks Provides direct client support and supervision services Maintains accurate client records of a limited nature Decisions are based on the application and interpretation of well defined precedents, policies and standards Selects and applies a variety of well defined work practices and techniques common to the work area Refers complex problems to case practitioners for resolution Responsible for monitoring and implementing case plans, and protective orders Recommends appropriate interventions Selects from a variety of techniques, systems, methods or procedures Briefs case support practitioners as appropriate Mentors case aides and less experienced case practitioners Provides advice relating to individual case plans to peers, internal and external stakeholders Coordinates case management services Provides well developed recommendations on intervention strategies and client service delivery Makes decisions on intervention strategies and client service delivery Contributes to program development Assesses effectiveness of service delivery Provides mentoring and live supervision to practitioners VR1 The VPSG 5.1 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR2 The VPSG 5.2 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR1 The VPSG 6.1 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR2 The VPSG 6.2 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply
Provides recommendations on intervention strategies and client service delivery Innovation and Originality VR 1 Judgment is required to solve problems arising in own work program Takes initiative to recommend improved processes in immediate work area Exercises professional judgment Recommends improvement to case management systems and practices Explores new ideas in response to nonroutine case issues and problems and proposes changes and solutions Solves problems by applying initiative, sound judgment and expertise drawing on a range of professional networks Explores new ideas to improve program delivery VR 1 The VPSG 5.1 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR 1 The VPSG 6.1 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR 2 The VPSG 5.2 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR 2 The VPSG 6.2 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply Communication VR 1 Communicates effectively with clients, and their families, guardians or caregivers Prepares case notes for consideration of others and routine correspondence as required Uses persuasion, advocacy, negotiation and motivation skills with clients, their families and guardians Uses well developed negotiation skills in pursuit of coordinated client services Liaises with other service Provides professional advice and opinions to professionals of other disciplines Leads or participates in case conferences with other professionals Prepares correspondence, drafts submissions and briefings for highly complex VR 1 The VPSG 5.1 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply VR 1 The VPSG 6.1 Non Executive Career Structure Classification and Value Range Standard Descriptors apply
with guidance from the supervisor Implement aspects of client case plans Works with clients in a range of settings Works as part of a team in dealing with crisis intervention Works with others to coordinate client programs case circumstances Refers complex cases and issues to more senior staff and other service providers Works with clients in a range of settings employment for clients Researches program options to develop recommendations Accountability and Frameworks Provides direct client care, case management, practical advice, assistance and client support and supervision services Maintains accurate client records Makes decisions and solves problems based on knowledge gained from formal training and the application and interpretation of precedents, policies and standards Selects and applies a variety of work practices and techniques common to the work area Refers more complex problems to the supervisor for resolution Provides advice, expertise, support and training to direct care staff Ensure case plans are followed by direct care staff including leave programs Participates in planning, implementing and reviewing programs and services Assesses clients and recommends appropriate type and level of service for clients Selects from a variety of techniques, systems, methods or procedures Modifies or adapts practices within the work area that have limited impact Co-ordinates case management advice relating to individual case plans to peers, and internal and external stakeholders Ensures case management processes are in place and standards are met. Solves problems by applying sound judgment and professional expertise Participates in developing and evaluating client service delivery and treatment strategies Conducts supervision sessions for a team of direct care staff Overall responsibility for the operation of the unit or program. Decisions are authoritative and not usually subject to intervention Manages staff and resources for a unit or program
Innovation and Originality Judgement is required to solve problems arising in own work program Takes initiative to recommend improved processes in immediate work area Creatively deals with problems within the work area Initiates improvements to work practices within the work area Explores new ideas in response to more challenging cases issues and problems and proposes changes and solutions Develops and applies new ideas in more complex case plans and proposes solutions Assesses and responds to developments in the field Explores and disseminates new ideas in response to non-routine case issues and problems and decides on changes and solutions Demonstrates creative thinking in the design and implementation of unit processes Contributes ideas to strategic planning of the centre Communication Communicates effectively with clients, and their families/guardians/ caregivers concerning the implementation of case plans and client support Prepares routine reports and correspondence relating to client assessment and case plans. Applies conflict resolution skills in dealing with challenging clients Uses persuasion, advocacy, negotiation and motivation skills with clients, their families, guardians and service providers Prepares client reports Prepares briefs and correspondence for consideration by management Liaises, consults and seeks to influence other service providers, government and non-government sector agencies to provide coordinated client services Provides specialised advice and information to other service providers Finalises case reports and correspondence Conveys policy, case management and operational advice to a range of professional and program audiences Applies negotiation, consultation and persuasion skills at an advanced level. Prepares comprehensive case reports, correspondence, and briefings Knowledge and Proficiency Understands relevant procedures, practices, guidelines and legislation relating to the work area Applies a developed understanding of service standards, techniques and practices, acquired through operational expertise Applies an understanding of relevant legislation and current trends and approaches to service provision in the field Provides authoritative advice to other professionals and organisations on program and service delivery Possesses and applies a wide knowledge and understanding of program, operational and service delivery issues
information. Has a focus on learning, developing and refining work skills. Requires knowledge of equipment and tools to perform routine tasks, experiments and procedures, and develops practical application of these skills. required. In accordance with operating procedures, interviews, assesses and supervises prisoners and administers routine questionnaires and tests to prisoners. Under general supervision, develops individual case plans and monitors prisoners' progress against those plans, motivating prisoners to engage in activities intended to reduce the risk of re-offending. Facilitates the attendance of prisoners at scheduled activities and programs. Ensures maintenance and correct usage of equipment. Provides advice on operational issues to senior staff. Applies rules, processes and standards under general supervision. Within operational constraints, may plan and prioritise own work program to achieve defined targets. Is required to use judgement to solve problems arising in own work program. Presents routine information to small groups and provides feedback to training and instruction to offenders in a specific industry. Exercises professional judgement about the application of rules, or the selection of choices within guidelines. Resolves local operational service delivery problems within guidelines. Reviews decisions, assessments and recommendations from less experienced team members. Determines the work organisation of the work area. Provides analysis and advice to contribute to decision-making by others. Within guidelines, may manage budget and resources for the work area. Leads a team through activities including individual and team performance management and development. Explains concepts and policies to prisoners, stakeholders and staff. Plans, leads and facilitates information sessions and consultative processes in a range of settings. Provide formal briefings for senior activities. Develops, implements, and evaluates new local operational procedures for unit / program. Develops plans for activities for unit. Undertakes low-level, specified research, consultation and liaison to gather information, statistics and views on identified issues and provides basic analysis of those issues to senior staff. Undertakes tasks of a specialist (professional and/or technical) or detailed nature, and exercises specific process responsibilities including devising and reviewing procedures and systems. If employed in industries, manages multi-discipline trade groups including subordinate supervisors. Manages services within a Program. Manages a portfolio of cases including higher-risk, more complex cases. Provides first contact point for external agencies and others in relation to Unit/Program. Sets local precedents regarding the application of guidelines.
develop and collect fingerprints May assist at a crime scene scenes Solves problems that may require specialist knowledge in a number of scientific/technical fields Monitors and administers local contracts and service agreements within a well defined service delivery framework Applies prescribed methods and procedures in casework Supervises other staff as required May assist in research and development, training and development of staff Undertakes technical reviews of casework where appropriate Interprets results of analysis Displays case management skills appropriate to routine casework undertaken training Assists with negotiation and management of local contracts and service delivery agreements May attend and/or manage crime scenes May assist in the development and establishment of policy Possesses skills to undertake routine casework without supervision May participate as a representative on a Victoria Police committee Takes a lead role in maintaining quality systems and recommends improvements Displays sound case management skills appropriate to routine and non routine casework undertaken Undertakes technical and administrative reviews of casework Professional Judgement and Impact Judgement will be confined to existing policies, protocols and procedures within a specific work area with little or no impact outside of these. Judgement will be made with respect to policies, protocols and procedures with some impact on the work unit. Development of independent scientific professional judgement within own area of expertise particularly related to casework. Impacts internally and externally to the Department. Exercise a considerable amount of independent scientific judgement and skill which impacts on the Division, law enforcement and the courts. Innovation and Originality Opportunity for innovation/originality will be limited to a specific work area and limited by knowledge and experience base. Adapts to changes in routine. Opportunities for innovation and originality within work area and unit. Ability to adapt to different work flows and pressures. Regularly applies knowledge and adapts skills to manage routine situations. May be involved in research/innovation projects. Will be involved in the identification, development and implementation of new or improved procedures and protocols. Will supervise and/or engage in innovation and research
projects. Communication Demonstrates good written and oral communication skills relevant to a specific work area. Demonstrates good written and oral communication skills within a work unit and externally relevant to the work unit. Regularly communicates policy and sophisticated scientific concepts both internally and externally. Ability to convey specialist concepts and knowledge to clients, staff and stakeholders. Knowledge and Proficiency Demonstrates sound knowledge and practical proficiency relevant to a specific work area. Demonstrates sound knowledge and practical proficiency and may provide specialist advice relevant to a work unit both internally and externally. Is becoming a recognised fingerprint specialist. Is a fingerprint expert, or is becoming a recognised specialist within a specific subject area. May control a laboratory function or field operation where a variety of related scientific functions are performed. Is a recognised specialist within a specific area of work. Decision Making Decision making will be limited to protocols and procedures within a defined work area and largely under supervision. Applies understanding of professional ethics and the scientific method in the development and conduct of work. Applies knowledge of departmental, organisational and government policy to the decision making process. Takes responsibility for decision making at Unit level. Takes responsibility for decision making that impact on the day to day operations. Table 10.2: Forensic Officer Work Level Descriptors - FO-5 to FO-7 Forensic Officer FO5 Forensic Officer FO6 Forensic Officer FO7 Grade description Possesses at least an appropriate degree and/or relevant qualification Provides high level scientific/technical professional services and/or advice, including leadership and guidance in a multidisciplinary environment Possesses appropriate skills/authorisation(s) to undertake complex casework assignments. Possesses at least an appropriate degree and/or relevant qualification Provides strategic leadership of multidisciplinary teams and/or assignments Undertakes the most complex casework and resolves major conceptual scientific, technical or management problems that have a significant impact on a scientific discipline or the branch Possesses at least an appropriate degree and/or relevant qualification Manages a large and diverse Division Manages a range of strategic corporate functions and long term initiatives, each with significant budget, staff responsibilities, and strategic importance
Signature Witness Signature: KYM PEAKE (or representative) Secretary, Department of Health and Human Services Name of witness: 50 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: GREG WILSON (or representative) Secretary, Department of Justice and Regulation Name of witness: 121 Exhibition Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: DAVID MARTINE (or representative) Secretary, Department of Treasury and Finance Name of witness: 1 Treasury Place, East Melbourne 3002 Signature Witness Signature: MICHAEL VANDERHEIDE (or representative) Chief Executive, CenITex Name of witness: 80 Collins Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: LIANA BUCHANAN (or representative) Principal Commissioner for Children and Young People Name of witness: 570 Bourke Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: KERRY OSBOURNE (or representative) Chief Executive Officer, Court Services Victoria Name of witness: 223 William Street, Melbourne 3000 Witness
Signature Witness Signature: ROSS MILLARD (or representative) A/Chief Municipal Inspector, Local Government Investigations and Compliance Inspectorate Name of witness: 1 Spring Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: EVAN TATTERSALL (or representative) Chief Executive Officer, Melbourne Metro Rail Authority Name of witness: 1 Spring Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: JOHN CAIN (or representative) Solicitor for Public Prosecutions Name of witness: 565 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: GRAHAM ASHTON AM (or representative) Chief Commissioner of Victoria Police Name of witness: 637 Flinders Street, Docklands 3008 Signature Witness Signature: GEMMA VARLEY (or representative) Chief Parliamentary Counsel Name of witness: 1 Macarthur Street, Melbourne 3002 Signature Witness Signature: DR GILLIAN SPARKES (or representative) Commissioner for Environmental Sustainability Name of witness: 570 Bourke Street, Melbourne 3000
Signature Witness Signature: DAVID WATTS (or representative) Commissioner for Privacy and Data Protection Name of witness: 121 Exhibition Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: MICHAEL ISON (or representative) A/ Freedom of Information Commissioner Name of witness: 10-16 Queen Street, Melbourne 2000 Signature Witness Signature: DOUG TRAPPETT (or representative) Official Secretary, Office of the Governor of Victoria Name of witness: Government House, Melbourne 3004 Signature Witness Signature: DEBORAH GLASS OBE (or representative) Victorian Ombudsman Name of witness: 459 Collins Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: JOHN VOAYGE (or representative) Road Safety Camera Commissioner Name of witness: 121 Exhibition Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: JILL GARNER (or representative) Victorian Government Architect Name of witness: 1 Treasury Place, East Melbourne 3002
Signature Witness Signature: ROBIN BRETT QC (or representative) Inspector, Office of the Victorian Inspectorate Name of witness: 565 Bourke Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: JUSTINE HEAZLEWOOD (or representative) Director, Public Records Office Victoria Name of witness: 99 Shiel Street, North Melbourne 3051 Signature Witness Signature: GRAEME SAMUEL AC Chair, Taxi Services Commission Name of witness: 1 Spring Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: DR PETER FROST (or representative) A/ Auditor-General, Victorian Auditor-General’s Office Name of witness: 35 Collins Street, Melbourne 3000 Signature Witness Signature: BRUCE COHEN (or representative) Chair, Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation Name of witness: 49 Elizabeth Street, North Richmond 3121 Signature Witness Signature: WARWICK GATELY (or representative) Victorian Electoral Commissioner Name of witness: 49 Elizabeth Street, North Richmond 3121
Date of Effect 1 July 15 1 January 2016 1 July 2016 Weekly $350.75 $382.12 $387.85 Daily $51.00 $54.59 $55.41 Pollution Control Response Officer (PCRO) The primary duty of a PCRO is to respond to and investigate pollution reports After-hours when notified by an agreed method of communication. An Employee rostered to perform the Afterhours PCRO function will be paid an allowance per Roster Period for being on stand-by between 16:30 and 22:00 Monday to Friday and between 08.30 and 22:00 Saturday, Sunday and all Public Holidays, and undertaking all Initial Limited Response following receipt of a communication which does not require the Employee to carry out any follow up work. The allowance rate per Roster Period for the PCRO is: Date of Effect 1 July 15 1 January 2016 1 July 2016 Weekly $411.05 $418.24 $424.51 Daily $60.00 $60.00 $61.00 Pollution Response After-hours Liaison Officer (PRAHL) The primary duty of the PRAHL is to monitor EPA’s After-hours pollution reports between 16:30 and 22:00 on Monday to Friday and between 08:30 and 22:00 on Saturday, Sunday and all Public Holidays, and to contact PCROs and coordinate call-outs of PCROs, as required. An Employee appointed to perform the PRAHL function will be paid a loading for a Roster Period, including Saturday, Sunday and Public Holidays, and be eligible to take time off in lieu of ordinary hours as set out below: The Employee’s ordinary hours of work for the Roster Period are 16:00 – 22:00 Monday to Friday, including handover if required (i.e. 30 hours total). The Employee will receive a twenty (20) per cent loading on their normal weekly hourly rate (for their normal 38 hours). The Employee will receive four (4) days in lieu of Saturday and Sunday worked plus a further day off in lieu of any Public Holiday worked which does not fall on a Saturday or Sunday. The Employee will not receive an additional payment for working on Public Holidays. The Employee will be provided with such equipment so that he/she is not required to attend their usual place of work for the Roster Period in which they are undertaking the PRAHL function.
1 July 2018 $79,633 1 January 2019 $81,027 1 July 2019 $82,242 All overtime worked on a Public Holiday will be paid at the rate of 250 per cent of the ordinary rate of pay subject to the maximum payment being based on the annual salary specified in the following table: Date of effect Hourly rate of ceiling salary 1 January 2016 $73,557 1 July 2016 $74,660 1 January 2017 $75,967 1 July 2017 $77,107 1 January 2018 $78,456 1 July 2018 $79,633 1 January 2019 $81,027 1 July 2019 $82,242 All overtime calculations will be rounded up to the next quarter of an hour. Where the Employee performs overtime work at the direction of the Employer and the Employee is not able to utilise the normal means of transport home, the Employer will organise safe means of transport for the Employee or on production of a receipt reimburse the Employee the cost of commuting by taxi. Application Part 2 of this Appendix applies to Employees employed within the AER Group. Part 2 of this Appendix will apply to a DEDJTR Employee not employed within AER Group, subject to meeting the following requirements: The Employee was employed by the former Department of Primary Industries as of 30 June 2013, and The Employee was transferred to DEDJTR from the former Department of Environment and Primary Industries on 2 March 2015, and
Application This Appendix applies to Industry Compliance Officers (ICO) in the Taxi Services Commission. Court Appearances Where an ICO in the Taxi Services Commission is required to attend at court or remain on standby for attendance at a court as a part of their duties, the Employer will make every effort to ensure that such events are scheduled to occur during times that the Employee is rostered for work. Where clause 2.1 is not possible, the following applies: Where the Employee is required to attend at court at a predetermined time, that time will be paid as overtime in accordance with clause 36, Section I of this Agreement. Where the Employee is not required to attend at court at a predetermined time, but must remain on standby for attendance, for each day or part thereof that an Employee is required to be available, payment of the 'per night' standby allowance in accordance with clause 31.5, Section I of this Agreement will be made. Actual attendance, if required, will be paid in accordance with clause 31.5, Section I of this Agreement. NonEmergency StandBy An ICO who is required by the employer to be on standby under Section I, Part 4, clause 31.5 of this Agreement, will be compensated at the rates specified in the following table: Date of effect Primary stand-by - rostered on ordinary day - Daily rate Primary stand-by - not rostered on ordinary day - Daily rate Secondary - rostered on ordinary day - Daily rate Secondary - not rostered on ordinary day - Daily rate 1 January 2016 $49.05 $ 97.90 $35.25 $70.45 1 July 2016 $49.80 $99.35 $35.80 $71.50 1 January 2017 $50.65 $101.10 $36.45 $72.75 1 July 2017 $51.40 $102.60 $37.00 $73.85 1 January 2018 $52.30 $104.40 $37.65 $75.15
Introduction Surveillance operatives who perform duties with the Surveillance unit of the Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission are required to work ordinary hours of work and related arrangements. In recognition of this requirement, eligible Employees may elect to be paid a composite allowance under Part 1 of this Appendix. Composite Allowances The composite allowance will be paid in addition to the eligible Employee’s base salary and shall be calculated annually at 20 per cent of the Employee’s base salary. If an eligible Employee has elected to be paid a composite allowance, the composite allowance will be paid in equal fortnightly payments at the same time at which the eligible Employee’s base salary is paid. Eligible Employees For the purposes of Part 1 of this Appendix, an eligible Employee is an Employee who: is primarily employed as a surveillance operative in the Surveillance Unit; is fully fit to perform surveillance duties; holds all necessary qualifications and licenses to perform surveillance duties, as required from time to time; makes themselves available to work ordinary hours of work and related arrangements as rostered by the Employer; at the time at which ordinary hours of work and related arrangements are performed, holds a position classified at or below VPS 6 grade. Where a surveillance operative is promoted to VPS 7 grade or higher, or paid a higher duties allowance for performing duties classified at VPS 7 grade or higher the Employee is not entitled to the composite allowance for the period from the date of the promotion or the commencement of the performance of the higher duties.