Unit 4: War and Reconstruction Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 228-316) Coach (p. 86-109) CRCT Prep (70-93) I. Antebellum Compromise of 1850 Agreement between northern and southern states; admitted as a (and the GA Platform) free state and New Mexico and Utah could vote on slavery. Republican New political party that opposed slavery; created prior to the Civil War States’ Rights One of the major causes of the American Civil War; belief that the interests of a state take precedence over the national government. Slaves Forced labor; provided most of the labor in the south during Antebellum Abolitionist People who worked/fought to get rid of slavery Nullification Legal theory that states had the right to invalidate (not follow) any law they believed to be unconstitutional Dred Slave whose case went to the U.S. Supreme Court; argued that he was free because he had lived in a ; U.S. Supreme Court decided in favor of the owner ruling that slaves were property Abraham Lincoln American President during the Civil War; elected President in 1860 Industry or Factories Main way that the people in the North made money (Def.: Manufacturing activity whose purpose is to create, or make, something useful) Cotton Main agricultural (farming) product produced in the the economy of the south was based on this product II. The Civil War Union Blockade of GA’s Coast Northern war strategy; close off southern ports to keep the south from exporting and importing goods Emancipation Proclamation Document issued by Abraham Lincoln that declared the freedom for all slaves in states that were still in rebellion against the if they did not surrender; took effect on January 1, 1863 Antietam Civil War battle near , on September 17, 1862; bloodiest single day battle of the American War Robert E. Lee Main Confederate general (Commander of the Confederate Army); led the Army of Northern Virginia in the battles of and ; surrendered to the at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865
William Tecumseh Sherman Union general that led the March to the Sea and the burning of Andersonville Confederate Civil War prison where thousands of Union soldiers died from OR Fort Sumter dehydration, starvation, and/or disease War battle where the wins control of an important railroad center near Civil War battle; three day battle (July 1 to July 3, 1863); won while suffering 23,000 casualties; Confederacy suffered 28,000 casualties III. Reconstruction Freedmen’s Bureau Colleges, such as , through the work of this organization which was created to help freed slaves after the Civil War 13th Amendment Constitutional amendment that abolished slavery Henry McNeal Turner One of the first black men to win election to ’s General Assembly in the election of 1867 Reconstruction Period of time, after the Civil War, when the South was required to undergo political, social, and economic change in order to reenter the 14th Amendment Constitutional amendment that granted citizenship to freedmen; required freedmen to be “equal protection under the law” Ku Klux Klan Secret organization that was created after the Civil War; terrorized blacks to try and keep them from voting 15th Amendment Constitutional amendment that gave all males the right to vote regardless of race/ethnicity