Review the Australian risk management guides on the use of bitumen Communicate the hazard and exposure methodology in the safe use of bitumen Promote the reduction of temperature in the use of bituminous products Promote the use of lane shifting and contra-flow to improve quality, increase safety and reduce costs. 3.5 Procurement systems Recommendations Promote, and seek methods of establishing, a national system to support innovation in cost reducing road products and systems and their commercialization. Support and motivate for the transfer to functional specifications and contracts. Evaluate the Australian greenhouse gas calculators in comparison to the European tools to assess their value in comparing industry products and systems. 3.6 5th Eurobitume & Eurasphalt Congress Recommendations Treat the requirement for more sustainable practices and products as an opportunity and not a threat. Improve sustainability through more durable pavements. Improve sustainability by using cost effective products with lower CO2 and energy footprints. Preserve non-renewable natural materials by maximising their reuse and recycling. Do not use asphalt or binders as a “dump” for undesirable materials.
Risks & Hazards Using bitumen safely, requires an analysis of the hazards and exposures to determine the risk and then the reduction of the risk through reducing the hazard and exposure to reduce or eliminate the health impact. The two systems that provide direction on this in Europe are IARC and REACH which are explained in detail later. IARC is about identifying carcinogenic HAZARD, and REACH is about RISK. (05EE slides – Carl Robertus) The RISK based approach is best described in the table below where the measures that are required to minimise the risks from the hazards are identified and rated. In the table the key risk management measures are to control exposure through minimisation of temperature and fume generation. Hazard Exposure Risk at high exposure Potential health impact Risk Management Measures Risk after measures Heat / high temperatures Dermal Contact Skin damage … death PPE, Equipment, Procedures Low H2S in fumes Inhalation Acute toxicity … death Procedures, Equipment Very Low Cancer (due to PAH in Inhalation, Dermal Contact Chronic toxicity … Lower emissions, temperature, fume extraction equipment, etc Very Low (respiratory tract irritation) Inhalation Respiratory irritation Breathing difficulties emissions, temperature, fume extractions, etc Very Low Fume & emission Managing emission and exposure is mainly a function of temperature control which can be achieved through: Emission Aerosols and vapours from hot bitumen Fume condensates Organic vapour PAH (in fumes) Exposure (Techniques) Systems Equipment Work duration Hygiene Quantity Procedures Exposure (Measures) Temperature control Innovative technologies Engineering controls Additives These processes have been ongoing in the use of bitumen and there have been significant reductions since measurements started the 1940s. (05EE slides- Carl Robertus) Lowering temperature The emerging technologies of warm mix asphalt temperature reductions from 10 to 100°C and are increasing in usage. As part of the whole supply chain, additional reductions can be achieved through selection of raw materials and additives, modified production equipment and laying technologies and the use of improved work practices.
If the performance does not meet the requirements during the warranty / maintenance period, the contractor has to replace the work with new work to the original requirements, has to pay for extra traffic control, pays a penalty and loses right to bonuses. At the end of the warranty / maintenance period the performance is assessed to determine if the contractor is entitled to a bonus or should pay a penalty. Performance properties are similar to those during the warranty period, but the criteria are higher. Design & Construct contracts The contractor has design responsibility, is used for new design, reconstruction, road widening etc. The projects usually have a 7 to 10 year warranty period. Wearing course performance is assessed the same way as for E&C contracts. For bridges and pavement structures when the warranty period of 7 to 10 years is insufficient, the construction performance is covered by design verification. Design Build Finance & Maintain contracts The contractor has design responsibility, and is responsible for the maintenance for 20 to 30 years transferring a large portion of the performance risk onto the contractor. The contractor is paid on the basis of availability through a periodic “availability fee”. The contractor also receives payments on the provision of new, or improvement of existing infrastructure (tunnels, bridges, roads, etc.) The net availability fee consists of a gross availability fee minus corrections for availability and minus any performance penalty. The gross availability fee is a periodic payment with an annually indexed value. Reductions in the availability fee are determined by every 15 minute period that a lane is below the performance requirements or is unavailable due to work by the contractor (excluding accidents and events out of the influence of the contractor). The reductions are higher per time unit in the day than in the night. A bonus is paid if no penalty points are give in two successive assessment periods. Payment is provided for new works and improvements to existing infrastructure within the contract, based on a list of required and existing infrastructure needs. Output specifications are set for the infrastructure along the lines of a D&C contract but with fewer aspects included. One DBFM contract is operating, three are commencing, two are out to tender and three are being prepared. Summary and recommendations In the European construction sector the procurements systems are of similar complexity to Australia.
8:00 am – 3:00 pm 5th E&E Congress (Session 7, Session 8, Closure) Istanbul Kidar Concress Centre and Exhibition Centre-Rumeli Hall, Gümüs Cad. No:4 Hardiye, Istanbul 3:00 pm – late Close out meetings with hosts and Association representatives. Saturday 16 June 2012 8:00 am –12:30 pm Organised tour of Istanbul. 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm Free time in Istanbul Sunday 17 June 2012 5:00am Tour to Istanbul airport for flight to Cologne, Germany. GERMANY – Cologne / Gelsenkirchen / Frankfurt Sunday 17 June 2012 (continued) 10:00 am – 11:30 am Tour coach from Colgne Airport to Barcelo Colgne City Centre Hotel Cologne City Centre, Habsburgerring 9 – 13, D-50674 Cologne German 12:00 noon Free time in Cologne Germany. Monday 18 June 2012 8:00 am – 1:00 pm Tour coach to meeting with BASt, DAV,German Industry Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt)room: “Heller Saal 53, 51427 Bergisch-Gladbach 09:00 Opening 09:15 Introduction of the Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) Dipl.-Ing. Rudi Bull-Wasser, Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt), Bergisch Gladbach 09.30 Introduction of the German Asphalt Pavement Association (DAV) RA Reifig, German Asphalt Pavement Association (DAV), Bonn 09.45 Vapours and Aerosols of Bitumen – exposures and classification Dr. rer.nat. Reinhold German Statutory Accident Insurance for the construction industry (BG BAU), Frankfurt incl. short discussion 10.15 LOAD – a dense noise reducing asphalt surface layer Dipl.-Ing. Miomir Miljkovic, Ruhr-University Bochum incl. short discussion 10.45 Heavy Duty asphalt-pavements Labor-Ing. Gerhard Riebesehl (enquired), Storimpex AsphalTec GmbH, Glinde incl. short discussion 11.15 Green Asphalt – maximum use of RAP Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Nölting, Sasol Wax GmbH, Hamburg incl. short discussion 11.45 RA 100 – The new dimension in use of RAP Rolf Jenny, Ammann Schweiz AG, Langenthal incl. discussion 12.30 Lunch
The Netherlands – Presentations – RWS & VBW-Asfalt N003_PPT_RWS_Jan_van_der_Zwan_AAPA_scanning_tour_introduction N004_PPT_RWS_Jan_van_der_Zwan_Rijkswaterstaat N005_PPT_VBW-Asfalt_Harry_Roos_Introduction_to_AAPA N006_PPT_RWS_Jan_van_der_Zwan_Sustainability_at_Rijkswaterstaat N008_PPT_VBW-Asfalt_Harry_Roos_Asphalt_recycling_in_the_Netherlands N009_PPT_RWS_Arthur_van_Dommelin_Long_Life_Pavements N010_PPT_RWS_Arthur_van_Dommelin_Dutch_design_method N012_PPT_RWS_Jan_van_der_Zwan_Types_of_functional_contracts N013_PPT_RWS_Jan_van_der_Zwan_Functional_specifications N015_PPT_KWS_Alex_van_de_Wall_Warm_Mix_Asphalt-The_Dutch_situation The Netherlands Reference Material N01_Rijkswaterstraat_innovations-The_Guidelines_OCR N02_Vlak_is_duurzaam N03_VBWAsfalt_details N04_ZOAB_Wat_valt_daar_nog_over_te_melden N08_M_Vandeven_Experience_with_recycling_in_the_Netherlands_TG5_Rilem
N11_Mohajeri-Vandeven-_Design_of_recycled_asphalt_mixtures-PPT N14_VandeVen_et_al_Practical_labotratory_ageing_method_for_porous_asphalt United Kingdom – Presentations - Highways Agency U000_PPT_HA_Meeting_details U002_PPT_HA_Paul_Mitchell_Aiming_forZero_at_the_Highways_Agency U003_PPT_HA_Mark_Pooley_Aiming_for_Zero-Road_Worker_Safety U004_PPT_HA_Donna_James_High_performance_asphalt_and_binders-EME2 U006_PPT_HA_Dean_Kerwick-Chrisp_Sustainability U007_PPT_HA_Donna_James_Sustainability U008_PPT_HA_Donna_James_Test_Methods-HAPAS-Compliance_with_European_legislation U010_PPT_HA_Donna_James_Long_life_pavement_design United Kingdom – Presentations - TRL U011_PPT_TRL_David_Gershkoff_Welcome_to_TRL_and_Infrastructure_Division_-_mod_DG U012_PPT_TRL_Trevor_Bradbury_Sustainability_and_Whole_Life_Costs U013_PPT_TRL_Cliff_Nicholls_HAPAS_and_Warm_Mix U014_PPT_TRL_Ian_Carswell_Asphalt-durability-recycling U015_PPT_TRL_Brian_Ferne_LLP_Pavement_Design_and_Maintenance-now_and_the_future