differential between the brake and accelerator pedals.” Casey and Rogers (1987) found that inadvertent activation of the accelerator while braking is more likely with coplanar pedals. Therefore, the accelerator pedal plate should be positioned lower than the brake pedal so the brake system is activated at a higher amount if there is an accelerator misapplication during a braking event. Foot Control Clearance Definition: The foot control clearance refers to the clearance in the foot well area of the bus operator compartment surrounding the accelerator and pedals. Need for Design Guideline: Clearance is required for the bus operator to safely and effectively the accelerator and brake pedals without interference with their shoe or boot. ACCELERATOR PEDAL DESIGN Table 5 provides a summary for the accelerator pedal design guidelines. Additional guideline information is provided later in this section. Table 5. Accelerator Pedal Design Guideline Summary Dimension/Attribute Updated Design Guideline Accelerator Pedal Plate Length 254 – 305 mm for standing pedals Accelerator Pedal Plate Width 76 – 102 mm for standing pedals Accelerator Pedal Lateral Angle 10o – 15o Accelerator Pedal Horizontal Angle 37o – 60o at idle position (40o is recommended) Accelerator Pedal Actuation Angle 20o – 30o (25o is recommended) Accelerator Actuation Force 15 – 40 N (required) Accelerator Pedal Plate Length Definition: This is the straight-line distance from the bottom to the top of the accelerator pedal plate (Figure 16).
HVAC Switch or switches to control HVAC Side console Permits selection of passenger ventilation: off, cool, heat, low fan, high fan or full auto with on/off only Driver’s ventilation Rotary, detent Side console or dash left wing Permits supplemental ventilation: fan off, low or high Defroster fan Rotary, detent Side console or dash left wing Permits defroster: fan off, low, medium or high Defroster Variable position Side console or dash left wing Adjusts defroster water flow and temperature Windshield wiper One-variable rotary position operating both wipers Dash left wing Variable speed control of left and right windshield wipers Windshield washer Push button Dash left wing Activates windshield washers Dash panel lights Rotary rheostat or stepping switch Side console or dash left wing Provides adjustment for intensity in night run position Interior lights Three-position switch Side console Selects mode of passenger compartment lighting: off, on, normal Fast idle Two-position switch Side console Selects high idle speed of engine WC ramp/ kneel enable Two-position switch1 Side console or dash right wing Permits operation of ramp and kneel operations at each door remote panel light Front door ramp/kneel enable Two-position keyed switch1 Front door remote or dash right wing Permits ramp and kneel activation from front door area, key required1 Amber light
Front door ramp Three-position momentary switch Right side of steering wheel Permits deploy and stow of front ramp Red light Front kneel Three-position momentary switch Front door remote Permits kneeling activation and raise and normal at front door remote location Amber or red dash indicator; exterior alarm and amber light Rear door enable Two-position keyed switch1 Rear door remote Permits ramp and kneel activation from rear door area; key required1 Red light Rear door ramp Three-position momentary switch Rear door remote Permits deploy and stow of rear ramp Rear kneel Three-position momentary switch Rear door remote Permits kneeling activation and raise and normal at rear door remote location Silent Recessed push button, NO and NC contacts momentary Side console Activates emergency radio alarm at dispatch and permits covert microphone and/or enables destination sign emergency message Video system event switch Momentary on/off momentary switch with plastic guard Side console Triggers equipment, triggers event light on dash light Left remote mirror Four-position toggle type Side console Permits two-axis adjustment of left exterior mirror Right remote mirror Four-position toggle type Side console Permits two-axis adjustment of right exterior mirror Mirror heater Switch or temperature activated Side console Permits heating of outside mirrors when required Passenger door control Five-position handle type detent or two momentary push buttons Side console, forward Permits open/close control of front and rear passenger doors Red light
Rear door override Two-position switch in approved location Side console, forward Allows driver to override activation of rear door passenger tape switches Engine shutdown override Momentary switch with operation protection Side console Permits driver to override auto engine shutdown Hazard flashers Two-position switch Side console or dash right wing Activates emergency flashers Two green lights Fire Red push button with protective cover Dash left wing or dash center Permits driver to override and manually discharge fire suppression system Red light Mobile data terminal Mobile data terminal coach operator interface panel right dash wing Facilitates driver interaction with communication system and master log-on LCD display with visual status and text messages Farebox interface Farebox coach operator interface panel Near farebox Facilitates driver interaction with farebox system LCD display Destination sign interface Destination sign interface panel In approved location Facilitates driver interaction with destination sign system, manual entry LCD display Turn signals Momentary push button (two required) raised from switches Left foot panel Activates left and right turn signals Two lights and optional audible indicator PA manual Momentary push button In approved location Permits driver to manually activate public address microphone Low-profile Low-profile discrete mounting Steering column Permits driver to make announcements with both hands on the wheel and focusing on road conditions High beam Push button with detents In approved location Permits driver to toggle between low and high beam Blue light
Parking brake Pneumatic PPV Side console or dash left wing Permits driver to and release parking brake Red Park brake release Pneumatic PPV Vertical side of the side console or dash center Permits driver to push and hold to release brakes Hill holder Two-position momentary switch Side console Applies brakes to prevent bus from rolling Remote engine speed Rotary rheostat Engine Permits technician to raise and lower engine RPM from engine compartment Master door/ interlock Multi-pole toggle, with detents Out of operator’s reach Permits driver override to disable door and brake/throttle interlock Red Warning interlocks deactivated Red indicator Dash center Illuminates to warn driver that interlocks have been deactivated Red light Retarder disable Multi-pole switch with detents Within reach of operator or approved location Permits driver override to disable retardation/regeneration Red light Alarm Push button momentary Approved location Permits driver to acknowledge alarm condition Rear door passenger sensor disable toggle, with detents In sign or driver’s barrier Permits driver to override rear door passenger sensing system Indicator/ alarm test button Momentary switch or programming1 Dash center panel Permits driver to activate test of sentry, indicators and audible alarms All visuals and audibles Auxiliary power 110 V power receptacle Approved location Property to specify what function to supply
Speedometer, odometer, and diagnostic capability, 5-mile increments Dash center panel Visual indication of speed and distance traveled, accumulated vehicle mileage, fault condition display Visual Air pressure Primary and secondary, 5 psi increments Dash center panel Visual indication of primary and secondary air systems Red light and buzzer Fire detection Coach operator display Property specific or dash center Indication of fire detection activation by zone/location Buzzer and red Door obstruction Sensing of door obstruction Dash center Indication of rear door sensitive edge activation Buzzer and red light Door ajar Door not properly closed Property specific or dash center Indication of rear door not properly closed Buzzer or alarm and red light Low system air pressure Sensing low primary and secondary air tank pressure Dash center Indication of low air system pressure Buzzer and red light Methane detection function Detection of system integrity Property specific or dash center Detects system failure No start condition, amber light Methane detection Indication of 20% LED emergency light (LEL) Property specific or dash center Detects levels of methane Flashing red at 20% LEL Methane detection Indication of 50% LEL Property specific or dash center Detects levels of methane Solid red at 50% LEL Engine coolant indicator Low coolant indicator may be supplied as audible alert and visual and/or text message Within driver’s sight Detects low coolant condition light
Hot engine indicator Coolant temperature indicator may be supplied as audible and visual and/or text message Within driver’s sight Detects hot engine condition and initiates time delay shutdown Red light Low engine oil pressure indicator Engine oil pressure indicator may be supplied as audible alert and visual and/or text message Within driver’s Detects low engine oil pressure condition and initiates time-delayed shutdown Red light ABS indicator Detects system status Dash center Displays system failure Amber light HVAC indicator Detects system status Dash center Displays system failure Amber or red light Charging system indicator (12/24 V) Detect charging system status Dash center Detects no charge condition and optionally detects battery high, low, imbalance, no charge condition, and initiates time-delayed shutdown Red flashing or solid based on condition Bike rack deployed indicator Detects bike rack position Dash center Indication of bike rack not being in fully stowed position Amber or red light Fuel tank level Analog gauge, graduated based on fuel type Dash center Indication of fuel tank level/pressure DEF gauge Indicator Center dash Displays level of DEF tank and indicates with warning light when low Red light Active Detects status Dash center Indication of electric regeneration Amber or red light Turntable Detects status Dash center Warning indication for locking Audible and amber warning and red light if locked
APPENDIX B: Design Variables Report 25 Guidelines APTA Specification Guidelines European Bus System of the Future ISO 16121-1 through 4 Updated for Report 25 Seat General N/A Shall be comfortable and adjustable so that people ranging in size from a male to a female may operate the bus. N/A N/A No Workplace width N/A N/A N/A ≥ 800 mm centered around operator centerline Yes Horizontal distance of NDEP from NSRP 59 mm N/A N/A N/A Omitted Vertical distance of NDEP from NSRP 759 mm N/A N/A N/A Omitted Seat back neutral vertical angle 10o N/A N/A N/A No Seat back adjustment range ±10o Shall adjust in angle from a minimum of no more than 90o (upright) to at least 105o (reclined), with infinite adjustment in between. 10o – 25o (required) 0o – 30o (recommended) +10o – +25o adjustable (required) 0o – 30o adjustable (recommended) Yes Seat pan neutral 5o N/A N/A N/A Omitted
Length (see Note 3) and no more than 521 mm at its maximum length. 390 – 500 mm adjustable (recommended) Seat Pan Cushion Width N/A 432 – 533 mm across the front edge of the seat cushion; 508 – 584 mm across the side bolsters. ≥480 mm (required) ≥450 mm (required) ≥480 mm (recommended) Yes Seat Pan Cushion Height (see Note 4) N/A Shall adjust in height from a minimum of 356 mm, with a minimum 152 mm vertical range of adjustment. N/A N/A Yes Seat Back Width N/A No less than 483 mm ≥475 mm (required) ≥475 mm (required) Yes Seat Back Lumbar Support Air actuated lumbar provide lumbar back support with three individual operating lumbar cells within a minimum range of 178 to 279 mm. N/A N/A Yes Seat Control Locations N/A While seated, the bus operator shall be able to make seat adjustments by hand without complexity, excessive effort, or being pinched. Adjustment mechanisms shall hold the adjustments and shall not be subject to inadvertent changes. Shall be capable of manual adjustment – without the use of tools – from the bus operator`s seat position. Shall be capable of manual adjustment – without the use of tools – from the bus operator`s seat position. Yes Head Restraint height above seat pan N/A N/A ≥840 mm (required) ≥840 mm (required) Yes
Steering Wheel diameter 457 mm 457 – 508 mm 450 (±25) mm (required) 450 mm (recommended) ≤ 500 mm (required) 450 (±25) mm (recommended) Yes Rim diameter N/A 22 – 32 mm N/A N/A Yes Rim clearance N/A N/A N/A N/A Yes plane neutral horizontal angle 40o N/A 27o (±2o) (required) 27o (recommended) 27o (recommended) Yes Wheel telescope adjustment range 110 mm 51 – 127 mm N/A ≥ 80 mm (required) ≥ 110 mm (recommended) Yes plane horizontal angle adjustment range 20o 40o ±5o (required) ±10o (recommended) ±5o (required) ±10o (recommended) Yes Horizontal distance of NSWRP from NSRP 443 mm N/A N/A N/A Omitted Vertical distance of NSWRP from NSRP 296 mm N/A N/A N/A Omitted Height from floor N/A 737 mm, measured from the top of the steering wheel rim in the horizontal 800 (±25) mm (required) 770 mm (recommended) 800 (±40) mm (required) 770 mm (recommended) Measured from the wheel center Yes
position to the cab floor at the heel point. Measured from the wheel center Turning effort (see Note 5) N/A The torque required to turn the steering wheel 10o shall be no less than 5 ft-lbs and no more than 10 ft-lbs. Steering torque may increase to 70 ft-lbs when the wheels are approaching the steering stops, as the relief valve activates. N/A N/A Yes Pedals General Hanging Type Designed for motion The pedals should be arranged in such a way that the foot movement is rotational during operation and the heel is supported. The manufacturer can select between hanging and standing pedals. The pedals should be arranged in such a way that the foot movement is rotational during operation and the heel is supported. The manufacturer can select between hanging and standing pedals. Yes Surface N/A Wear-resistant, nonskid, replaceable material N/A N/A Yes Spacing N/A 25 – 51 mm measured at the heel of the pedals Accelerator longitudinal spacing with bodywork (min. 50 mm) lateral spacing with bodywork (min. 30 mm) Brake pedal: clearance between accelerator pedal (min. 50 mm) lateral spacing Accelerator pedal: longitudinal spacing with bodywork (≥ 50 mm) lateral spacing with bodywork (≥ 30 mm) clearance between accelerator and brake (50-75 mm; recommended) Brake pedal: clearance between brake pedal and any component (≥ 30 mm) Yes
BPRP from WO pedal actuation angle 30o 37o – 50o at the of initiation of contact and extend downward to an angle of 10o – 18o at full throttle 20o – 30o (required) 25o (recommended) 20o – 30o (required) 25o (recommended) Yes Brake pedal actuation force 66.8 – 155.8 N Force to activate the brake pedal control shall be an essentially linear function of the bus deceleration rate and shall not exceed 311 N (75 lbs) at a point 178 mm above the heel point of the pedal to achieve maximum braking. The heel point is the location of the bus operator’s heel when his or her foot is rested flat on the pedal and the heel is touching the floor or heel pad of the pedal. Force at maximum braking: < 550 N (required) ≤ 450 N (recommended) Force at maximum braking: ≤ 250 N (recommended) Yes Brake pedal recovery force 22.2 N N/A N/A N/A Omitted Accelerator Pedal Accelerator plate length 140 mm 254 – 305 mm N/A N/A Yes Accelerator pedal plate width 56 mm 76 – 102 mm Min. 50 mm (required) ≥ 40 mm (required) Yes
actuation force 15 – 40 N (recommended) Without kick-down Accelerator pedal actuation recovery force 22.2 N N/A N/A N/A Omitted Left Instrument Panel Left instrument panel horizontal angle 5o Within the hand reach envelope described in SAE Recommended Practice J287, “Driver Hand Control Reach.” should is the as a range radius both the shoulder 530 mm above the seat either Represented by 3-D CAD Models Left instrument horizontal adjustment range 99 mm Left instrument panel Vertical adjustment range 40 mm Lateral distance of from NSRP 330 mm Omitted Horizontal distance of NLIRP from NSRP 381 mm Omitted
mm vertically above the H-point of the seat and 170mm on either side of the centerline of the seat). Vertical distance of NLIRP from NSRP 129 mm Omitted Control Types controls SAE Recommended Practice J680, Revised 1988, “Location and Operation of Instruments and Controls in Truck Cabs. Controls must be easily accessible. Shall be identifiable by shape, touch and permanent markings.” Hazard flasher, any equipment for automatic vehicle monitoring system and ticketing or similar devices, headlights, fog lamps, rear fog lamps, interior lighting, alternative position for video monitors, parking brake, and heating/ventilation. Per ISO 4040 for Zone B (Hazard Flasher, any equipment for automatic vehicle monitoring and ticketing, headlights, fog lamps, rear fog lamps, interior lighting, alt. position for video monitor), Zone B1 (if available, alt. position for headlights, alt. position for front and rear fog lamps, alt. positioning for interior lighting, Zone D (alt. position location for equipment for automatic vehicle monitoring and ticketing, parking brake, heating/ventilation. Yes System Push Button Activation or N/A N/A N/A No Right Instrument Panel Right instrument panel horizontal angle 30o Within the hand envelope described in SAE Recommended Practice J287, “Driver Hand Control Reach.” should is the as a Right instrument panel horizontal 133 mm
the steering wheel, according to ISO 4040. No operation of devices through the steering wheel. There should be sufficient leg room clearance between instrument panel and seat for all seating positions. There should be no interference arising with adjacent components during adjustment. There should be no jamming or crushing of parts of the body. adjustment range Right instrument panel vertical adjustment range 45 mm Lateral distance of NRIRP from NSRP 370 mm Omitted Horizontal distance of NRIRP from NSRP 452 mm Omitted Vertical distance of NRIRP from NSRP 305 mm Omitted
Angle to horizontal plane 30o 10o – 37o N/A 25o – 30o (required) Yes Location N/A No closer to the seat front than the heel point of the accelerator pedal. N/A N/A Yes Length N/A N/A N/A ≥ 300 mm (required) ≥ 350 mm (recommended) Yes Fare box Positioning Minimize obstruction of Driver’s view Minimize impact to passenger access and interference with the bus operator’s line of shall not restrict access to the bus operator area, shall not restrict operation of bus operator controls and shall not—either by itself or in combination with stanchions, transfer mounting, cutting and punching equipment, or route destination the bus operator’s field of view per SAE Recommended Practice J1050. N/A N/A Yes Height Less than 914 mm above the floor N/A N/A N/A Omitted
Door Control Location N/A Shall be located in the operator’s area within the hand reach envelope described in SAE Recommended Practice J287, “Driver Hand Control Reach.” Shall provide tactile feedback to indicate commanded door position and resist inadvertent door actuation. N/A N/A Represented by 3-D CAD Models Bus Floor Height ground N/A No more than 406 mm N/A N/A No Driver Platform Height N/A Allows a seated bus operator to see a target positioned 610 mm in front of the bumper and 1067 mm above the ground. The height of the platform shall also allow the bus operator’s vertical upward view is less than 15o. 300 (±50) mm above the bus floor and be reachable by a single step. If the platform height is greater than 350 mm, steps with equal height shall be provided with a maximum height of 250 mm and a minimum height of 125 mm. Clear and unrestricted access to the bus operator’s workplace shall be ensured, with a passage width of at least 500 mm. Yes Driver’s Area Glare N/A Minimize to the extent possible. N/A Reflections in windscreen originating from interior light sources shall be minimize to the extent possible. Yes Flat Mirrors Reflective surface area N/A 32258 mm2 N/A N/A Yes Curbside Mirror Height above ground N/A No less than 1930 mm N/A N/A Yes
Street-side Window Driver’s view N/A The bus operator’s view, perpendicular through operator’s side window glazing, should extend a minimum of 840 mm to the rear of the heel point on the accelerator, and in any case must accommodate a 95th percentile male operator. The view through the glazing at the front of the assembly should begin not more than 26 in. (560 mm) above the operator’s floor to ensure visibility of an under-mounted convex mirror. N/A N/A Yes Driver’s area lighting General Illumination N/A Shall illuminate the half of the steering wheel nearest the bus operator to a level of 5 to 10 foot-candles. N/A N/A Yes Driver’s area lighting General Illumination N/A N/A N/A N/A Yes Driver’s area Noise General N/A N/A Driving noise at 50 km/h must not exceed 70 dB(A) at the bus operator’s ear height (measuring method in accordance with DIN ISO 5128). Noise level at low idle must not exceed 55 dB(A). The driving expressed as an Leq (taken over two minutes) at 50 km/h, shall not exceed 70 dB(A) at the bus operator’s ear height (measured in accordance with ISO 5128). Noise level, when the bus is stationary and engine is idle, shall be > 60 dB(A). Yes