cabaret, juggling, circus & circus skills, etc) ATXM Puppetry, miniature & toy theatre ATXP Pageants, parades, festivals ATXZ Animal spectacles, performing animals ATXZ1 Bullfighting AV Music (With AV* codes, assign STYLE Qualifier(s) as appropriate) AVA Theory of music & musicology AVC Music reviews & criticism AVD Discographies & buyer’s guides AVL Music: styles & genres (With AVL* codes, ALWAYS assign STYLE Qualifier(s) as appropriate) AVLA Art music, orchestral & formal music AVLC Choral music AVLF Opera AVLK Sacred & religious music AVLP Popular music (Use for all of popular music, as distinct from art music and traditional music, such as light orchestral, Tin Pan Alley, all forms of Jazz, Rock and Pop music, Soul, Rap etc. ALWAYS assign STYLE Qualifier(s) to indicate the specific style or genre of music) AVLT Traditional & folk music AVLW music’ & regional styles AVLX Electronic music (See also: AVRS: “Electronic musical instruments”) AVM History of AVN Composers & songwriters AVP Musicians, singers, bands & groups AVQ Musical scores, lyrics & libretti AVQS Songbooks (Class here: songs for easy piano, guitar, etc) AVR Musical instruments AVRG Keyboard instruments AVRJ Percussion instruments AVRL String instruments AVRL1 Guitar AVRL2 Plucked instruments AVRN Wind instruments AVRQ Mechanical musical instruments AVRS Electronic musical instruments (See also: AVLX: “Electronic music”) AVS Techniques of / music tutorials (Class here: learning an instrument) AVSA Singing: techniques AVX Music recording & reproduction (See also: UDM: “Digital music: consumer / user guides”; TTA: “Acoustic & sound engineering”; KNT: “Media, entertainment, information & communication industries”)
JKVC Causes & prevention of crime JKVF Criminal investigation & detection JKVF1 Forensic science (See also: MKT: “Forensic medicine”; JMK: “Criminal or forensic psychology”) JKVG Drugs trade / drug trafficking JKVJ Street crime / gun crime JKVK Corporate crime JKVM Organized crime JKVP Penology & punishment (Class here: prisons, penitentaries; penal systems & theories) (See also: JWXR: “Prisoners of war”) JKVQ Offenders JKVQ1 Rehabilitation of offenders JKVQ2 Juvenile offenders (Class here: juvenile delinquency) JKVS Probation services JM Psychology (Use JM* for academic, specialist and professional level works; prefer VS* codes for practical advice for the general reader) (See also: VSP: “Popular psychology” and following) JMA Psychological theory & schools of thought (See also: QDTM: “Philosophy of mind”) JMAF Psychoanalytical theory (Freudian psychology) JMAJ Analytical & Jungian psychology JMAL Behavioural theory (Behaviourism) JMAN Humanistic psychology JMAQ Cognitivism, cognitive theory JMB Psychological methodology JMBT Psychological testing & measurement JMC Child, developmental, and lifespan psychology (See also: JNC: “Educational psychology”) JMD Psychology of ageing JMF Family psychology JMG Psychology of gender JMH Social, group or collective psychology JMJ Occupational & industrial psychology (See also: SCGP: “Sports psychology”) JMK Criminal or forensic psychology (See also: JKV: & criminology” and following) JML Experimental psychology JMM Physiological & neuro-psychology, biopsychology JMP Abnormal psychology (See also: MKM: “Clinical psychology” and following) JMQ Psychology: emotions JMR Cognition & cognitive psychology (Class here: psychological works on learning, memory, intelligence, reasoning, perception)
KJVF Franchises KJVG Multinationals KJVN Public ownership / nationalization KJVP Monopolies KJVS businesses & self-employed KJVT Outsourcing KJVV Joint ventures KJVW Employee-ownership & co-operatives KJVX Non-profitmaking organizations KJW Office & workplace KJWB Office management KJWF Office systems & equipment KJWS Secretarial, clerical & office skills KJWX Working patterns & practices here: teleworking, call centres, etc) KJZ History of specific companies / corporate history (See also: NHTK: “Industrialisation & industrial history”) KN Industry & industrial studies KNA Agribusiness & primary industries (Class here: fisheries, forestry, mining etc) (See also: KCVD: “Agricultural economics”) KNB Energy industries & utilities (Class here: solid fuel, gas, electricity, nuclear power, petroleum, renewable energy and water industries) KND Manufacturing industries (Class here: all manufacturing industries including food, chemicals, textiles, hi-tech, arms, vehicles etc) KNG Transport industries (Class here: all transport industries; road, shipping, railway, aerospace etc) (See also: WG: “Transport: general interest” and following) KNJ Construction & heavy industry (Class here: iron & steel, metals industry) KNP Retail & wholesale industries KNS Hospitality & service industries (Class here: tourism, hotel & catering, sports & leisure, security, fashion & beauty industries etc) KNT Media, entertainment, information & communication industries (Class here: cinema, radio, TV, music, advertising industries; press, printing, postal, telecommunications industries etc) (See also: GTC: “Communication studies”; JBCT: “Media studies”) KNTP Publishing industry & book trade (Includes ebook & digital publishing & trade) KNTX Information technology industries (See also: KJE: “E-commerce: business aspects”) KNV Civil service & public sector (See also: JPP: “Public administration”)
LNCB2 E-commerce law LNCB3 Sale of goods law Outsourcing law LNCB5 Shipping law (See also: LBDM: “International law, transport & commerce: maritime law”) LNCB6 Aviation law LNCB7 Catering, restaurants & crafts law LNCC Regulatory compliance LNCD Company law LNCD1 Mergers & acquisitions law LNCE Registry & proceedings law LNCF Partnership & cooperative law LNCG Transformation law, change of corporate form LNCH Competition law / Antitrust law LNCJ Contract law LNCK Company & business offences LNCL Agency law LNCN Procurement law LNCQ Construction & engineering law LNCQ1 Private construction & engineering law Public construction law LNCR Energy & natural resources law LND Constitutional & administrative law: general LNDA Citizenship & nationality law LNDA1 Immigration law LNDA3 Asylum law LNDB Administrative jurisdiction & public administration LNDB1 Administrative law, general LNDB2 Administrative procedure & courts State & public properties & assets LNDB4 Sanctioning power of the administration LNDB5 Compulsory expropiation, compulsory purchase, eminent domain LNDB6 Making of rules & administrative acts LNDB7 Regulation of public services Law of science & research, university college law LNDC rights & civil liberties LNDC1 Constitutional law & human rights LNDC2 Privacy law LNDC4 Freedom of expression law History of constitution & comparative constitutional law LNDE Civil Servants law LNDF Freedom of information law LNDG Religious law & concordats LNDH Government powers LNDJ State liability & compensation law LNDK Military & defence law & civilian service law
(See also: JMA: “Psychological theory & schools of thought”; GTK: “Cognitive science”) QDTN Philosophy: aesthetics (See also: ABA: “Theory of art”) QDTQ Ethics & philosophy (See also: JBFV: “Ethical issues & debates”; KJG: “Business ethics & social responsibility”; LATC: “Legal ethics & professional conduct”; MBDC: “Medical ethics & professional conduct”; PSAD: “Bio-ethics”) QDTS Social & political philosophy (See also: JPA: “Political science & theory”; JPF: “Political ideologies”; LAB: “Methods, theory & philosophy of law”) QDX Popular philosophy (Class here: accessible works for the general reader seeking to apply principles of philosophy to everyday life) (See also: JBFV: “Ethical issues & debates”; VSP: “Popular psychology”) QR Religion & beliefs QRA Religion: general QRAB Philosophy of religion QRAB1 Nature & existence of God QRAC Comparative religion QRAF Interfaith relations QRAM Religious issues & debates (Use QRAM* codes with other QR* code indicating religion concerned, or with QRAC if comparative) QRAM1 Religious ethics QRAM2 Religion & politics QRAM3 Religion & science QRAM6 Religious fundamentalism QRAM7 Blasphemy, heresy, apostasy QRAM9 Religious intolerance, persecution & conflict (Class here: ‘holy war’, Jihad) QRAX History of religion QRD Hinduism QRDB Hinduism: branches & groups QRDF Hindu sacred texts QRDF1 Hindu texts: Vedas, Upanishads QRDF2 texts: Bhagavad Gita QRDP Hindu life & practice QRF Buddhism QRFB Buddhism: branches & groups QRFB1 Theravada Buddhism QRFB2 Mahayana Buddhism QRFB21 Tibetan Buddhism QRFB23 Zen Buddhism QRFF Buddhist sacred texts QRFP Buddhist life & practice QRJ Judaism QRJB Judaism: branches & groups
RGBD Tundra RGBF Wetlands, swamps, fens RGBL Forests & woodland Rainforest RGBL2 Mixed forest RGBL3 Broadleaf forest RGBL4 Boreal, coniferous forest (Class here: Taiga) RGBP Deltas, estuaries, coastal regions (See also: RBK: “Hydrology & the hydrosphere” and following) RGBR Coral reefs RGBS Mountains RGC Human geography RGCM Economic geography RGCP Political geography (See also: JPSL: “Geopolitics”) RGL Regional geography (See also: GTM: “Regional studies”) RGM Biogeography (See also: RN: “The environment” and following; PSAF: “Ecological science, the Biosphere”) RGR Geographical discovery & exploration (See also: WTLP: “Expeditions: popular accounts”) RGV Cartography, map-making & projections RGW Geographical information systems (GIS) & remote sensing RGX Geographical reference RGXB atlases / world maps (Class here: globes) (See also: NHTP1: “Historical maps & atlases”; WTR: “Travel maps & atlases” and following) RGXH Geographical maps (specialist) (Class here: specialist / topographical maps only, with another code indicating specifc subject or application where possible) (See also: WTR: “Travel maps & atlases” and following) RGXP names & gazetteers RN The environment RNA Environmentalist thought & ideology (Class here: ecocentrism, technocentrism, deep ecology, ecofeminism, etc) RNB Environmentalist, conservationist & Green organizations RNC Applied ecology (Use for works taking a wide-ranging or ‘issues’-based approach) (See also: PSAF: “Ecological science, the Biosphere”) RNCB Biodiversity RND Environmental policy & protocols (See also: KCVG: “Environmental economics”) RNF Environmental management RNFD Drought & water supply (See also: TQSW: “Water supply & treatment”)
(Class here: road & track motorcycle racing; TT, Speedway etc) SMQ Cycle racing (Class here: road & velodrome (track) cycling racing; Tour de France etc) (See also: SZD: “Cycling: general & touring”; WGD: “Bicycles & non-motorised transport: general interest & maintenance”) SMQB BMX cycling SMX Rollerblading, skateboarding, etc SP Water sports & recreations SPC Swimming & diving SPCA Sub-aqua swimming (Class here: scuba, snorkelling) SPG Surfing, windsurfing, water skiing SPN Boating SPND Motor / power boating & cruising (Class here: speedboat racing) SPNG Sailing SPNK Canoeing & kayaking SPNL Rowing & sculling SR Combat sports & self-defence SRB Boxing SRC Wrestling SRF Fencing SRM East Asian martial arts here: Judo, Kung Fu, Karate, Taekwondo, Jujutsu, etc) ST Winter sports STA Skiing STC Snowboarding STG Ice-skating STK Ice hockey (See also: SFJ: “Hockey (field hockey)”) SV Field sports: fishing, hunting, shooting SVF Fishing, angling SVH Hunting or shooting animals & game SVR Archery SVS Small firearms, guns & other equipment SVT Target shooting SX Other sports & competitive activities SXB Bodybuilding SXQ Extreme sports (Class here: bungee jumping, etc) SZ Active outdoor pursuits SZC Walking, hiking, trekking SZD Cycling: general & touring (See also: SMQ: “Cycle racing”; WGD: “Bicycles & non-motorised transport: general interest & maintenance”) SZE Running & jogging
VSL Adult literacy guides & handbooks (See also: CFC: “Literacy”) VSN Adult numeracy guides & handbooks VSP Popular psychology (See also: QDX: “Popular philosophy”) VSPM Assertiveness, motivation & self-esteem VSPT Memory improvement & thinking techniques (Class here: IQ tests etc for self-testing) VSPX Linguistic Programming (NLP) VSR Retirement (See also: KFFP: “Pensions”) VSW Living & working in other countries: practical advice VSZ Self-sufficiency & ‘green’ lifestyle (See also: RNU: “Sustainability”) VX Mind, body, spirit (Use VX* codes for Mind Body Spirit treatments for general readers only; prefer codes from Sections J, M, Q etc, as appropriate for specialist & academic works) VXA Mind, body, spirit: thought & practice VXF Fortune-telling & divination VXFA Astrology VXFA1 Star signs & horoscopes VXFC Fortune-telling by cards (cartomancy) VXFC1 Tarot VXFD The I Ching VXFG Graphology VXFJ Palmistry, phrenology & physiognomy VXFN Numerology VXFT Clairvoyance & precognition VXH Complementary therapies, healing & health (See also: MX: “Complementary medicine” and following) VXHC Aromatherapy & essential oils VXHH Homoeopathy VXHJ Reflexology (See also: VFMS: “Massage”) VXHK Reiki VXHT Traditional medicine & herbal remedies (Class here; popular works on Chinese medicine, Ayurvedic therapies etc) VXM Mind, body, spirit: meditation & visualisation VXN Dreams & their interpretation (See also: JMT: “Psychology: states of consciousness”) VXP Psychic powers & psychic phenomena (Class here: ESP, popular accounts of telepathy, telekinesis etc) (See also: JMX: “Parapsychological studies”) VXPC Crystals & colour-healing VXPH Chakras, auras & spiritual energy VXPJ Astral projection & out-of-body experiences
WBTP Cooking with pasta WBTR Cooking with dairy products WBTX Cooking with chocolate WBV Cookery dishes & courses WBVD Cookery dishes & courses: Soups & starters WBVG Cookery dishes & courses: Salads & vegetables WBVM Cookery dishes & courses: Main courses WBVQ Cookery dishes & courses: Desserts WBVS Cookery: baking, icing & sugarcraft WBW Cookery: Preserving & freezing WBX Food & drink: Beverages WBXD Food & Alcoholic beverages WBXD1 Food & Wines WBXD2 Food & drink: Beers WBXD3 Food & Spirits & cocktails WBXN Food & Non-alcoholic beverages WBZ Cigars & smoking (See also: VFL: “Giving up smoking”) WC Antiques & collectables WCB Antiques & collectables: buyer’s guides (Class here: price guides, guides to auctions, valuation, etc; use with other WC* code indicating types of items, as appropriate) (See also: UDBA: “Online shopping & auctions”) WCC Care & restoration of antiques WCF Collecting coins, banknotes, medals, seals (numismatics) WCG Collecting stamps, philately WCJ Antique clocks, watches, musical boxes & automata WCK Militaria, arms & armour WCL Antique furniture / furniture collecting WCN Antiques & collectables: ceramics & glass WCP Antiques & collectables: jewellery WCR Antiques & collectables: gold, silver & other metals (other than jewellery) WCS Antiques & collectables: books, manuscripts, ephemera & printed matter (Class here: cigarette cards, programmes, postcards, comics, autographs, photographs, phonecards, etc) WCT Antiques & collectables: sports memorabilia WCU Antiques & collectables: pictures, prints & maps WCV Antiques & collectables: carpets, rugs & textiles WCW Antiques & collectables: toys, games, dolls & models WCX Antiques & collectables: scientific & musical instruments WD Hobbies, quizzes & WDH Hobbies (See also: WF: “Handicrafts, decorative arts & crafts” and following) WDHM Model railways WDHR Radio-controlled models WDHW Role-playing, war games & fantasy sports
1DDU-GB-EML Lincolnshire 1DDU-GB-EMM Northamptonshire 1DDU-GB-EMN Nottinghamshire 1DDU-GB-EMP Shropshire 1DDU-GB-EMR Rutland 1DDU-GB-EMS Staffordshire 1DDU-GB-EMT Worcestershire 1DDU-GB-EMW Warwickshire, West Midlands 1DDU-GB-EMWB Birmingham (UK) 1DDU-GB-EN North West England 1DDU-GB-ENC Cheshire 1DDU-GB-ENL Lancashire, Greater Manchester, Merseyside 1DDU-GB-ENLL Liverpool 1DDU-GB-ENLM Manchester 1DDU-GB-ENM Cumbria & Lake District 1DDU-GB-ES & South East England 1DDU-GB-ESB Berkshire 1DDU-GB-ESD Bedfordshire 1DDU-GB-ESF Oxfordshire 1DDU-GB-ESH Hampshire 1DDU-GB-ESK Kent 1DDU-GB-ESL London, Greater London 1DDU-GB-ESR Surrey 1DDU-GB-EST Hertfordshire 1DDU-GB-ESU Buckinghamshire 1DDU-GB-ESW Isle of Wight 1DDU-GB-ESX Sussex 1DDU-GB-EW West England 1DDU-GB-EWC Cornwall 1DDU-GB-EWD Devon 1DDU-GB-EWG Gloucestershire 1DDU-GB-EWS Somerset, Bristol 1DDU-GB-EWT Dorset 1DDU-GB-EWW Wiltshire 1DDU-GB-EY North & North East England 1DDU-GB-EYD Durham 1DDU-GB-EYK Yorkshire 1DDU-GB-EYKL Leeds 1DDU-GB-EYN Northumberland, Tyne & Wear 1DDU-GB-EYNC Newcastle 1DDU-GB-N Northern Ireland 1DDU-GB-NB Belfast 1DDU-GB-S Scotland 1DDU-GB-SB Lowland Scotland & Borders 1DDU-GB-SC Central Scotland 1DDU-GB-SCE Edinburgh
1DNN-NO-DF Finnmark 1DNN-NO-DFV Vadsø 1DNN-NO-DL Nordland 1DNN-NO-DLB Bodø 1DNN-NO-DLN Narvik 1DNN-NO-DT Troms 1DNN-NO-DTR Tromsø 1DNN-NO-J Sørlandet 1DNN-NO-JA 1DNN-NO-JAL Arendal 1DNN-NO-JG Vest-Agder 1DNN-NO-JGF Farsund 1DNN-NO-JGK Kristiansand 1DNN-NO-JGL Lillesand 1DNN-NO-T Trøndelag 1DNN-NO-TD Nord-Trøndelag 1DNN-NO-TDS Steinkjer 1DNN-NO-TR Sør-Trøndelag 1DNN-NO-TRH Trondheim 1DNN-NO-V Vestlandet 1DNN-NO-VH Hordaland 1DNN-NO-VHB Bergen 1DNN-NO-VM Møre og Romsdal 1DNN-NO-VMA Ålesund 1DNN-NO-VMK Kristiansund 1DNN-NO-VML Molde 1DNN-NO-VR Rogaland 1DNN-NO-VRS Stavanger 1DNN-NO-VW Sogn og Fjordane 1DNN-NO-X Østlandet 1DNN-NO-XA Akershus 1DNN-NO-XB Buskerud 1DNN-NO-XBD Drammen 1DNN-NO-XF Oslofjorden 1DNN-NO-XH Hedmark 1DNN-NO-XHR Hamar 1DNN-NO-XP Oppland 1DNN-NO-XPL Lillehammer 1DNN-NO-XS Oslo 1DNN-NO-XT Telemark 1DNN-NO-XTK 1DNN-NO-XV Vestfold 1DNN-NO-XVL Larvik 1DNN-NO-XVN Sandefjord 1DNN-NO-XVR Tønsberg 1DNN-NO-XZ Østfold
2ACF Flemish 2ACG German 2ACGH German (Alemannic) German, Middle High 2ACGP German, Old High 2ACK Afrikaans 2ACS Scandinavian languages 2ACSC Icelandic 2ACSD Danish 2ACSF Faroese 2ACSJ Jutish 2ACSN Norwegian 2ACSNB Norwegian, bokmål 2ACSNK Norwegian, nynorsk 2ACSW Swedish Old Norse 2ACY Yiddish 2ACZ Other Germanic languages & dialects 2ACZF Frisian 2AD Romance, Italic & Rhaeto-Romanic languages 2ADC Catalan 2ADD Valencian 2ADF French 2ADFP Provencal French - Canada 2ADH Corsican 2ADL 2ADP Portuguese Brazilian Portuguese 2ADQ Galician (Gallego, Galego) 2ADR Romanian 2ADS Spanish 2ADSL Latin-American Spanish 2ADT Italian 2ADTX Italian dialects 2ADV Sardinian 2ADW Ladin languages 2AF Celtic languages 2AFB Breton 2AFC Cornish 2AFG Gaulish 2AFM Manx 2AFR Gaelic 2AFS Scottish Gaelic 2AFW Welsh 2AG Slavic (Slavonic) languages
2BRM Malayalam 2BRT Tamil 2BX Indo-Iranian languages 2BXF Persian (Farsi) 2BXK Kurdish 2BXL Pashto (Pushto, Afghan) 2BXZ Zend Avestan 2C Afro-Asiatic languages 2CS Semitic languages 2CSA Aramaic 2CSB Assyro-Babylonian (Akkadian) languages 2CSJ Hebrew 2CSM Maltese 2CSR Arabic 2CSS Syriac 2CST Ethiopic 2CSTA Amharic 2CSTT Tigrinya 2CX Non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic languages 2CXB Berber (Tuareg) 2CXC Coptic 2CXG Egyptian 2CXH Hausa 2CXS Somali 2CXSR Oromo 2F Ural-Altaic & Hyperborean languages 2FC Finno-Ugric languages 2FCD Estonian 2FCF Finnish (Suomi) 2FCL Sami (Lappish) 2FCLD Southern Sami 2FCLF Northern Sami 2FCLL Lule Sami 2FCLN Inari Sami Skolt Sami Sami languages (other) 2FCM Hungarian (Magyar) 2FM Turkic languages 2FMC Turkish 2FMH Kirghiz 2FMK Kazakh 2FMN Turkmen 2FMU 2FMZ Azerbaijani 2FV Mongolian 2FW Tungusic languages