desired to make the country as rich as possible assumed increased power over over their citizens and the economy Highlights daily life using still lifes Lots of gilded outfits and rooms, gluttonous smorgasborgs of food, showcases nobility and royalty, showing everything in it’s best form not it’s truest. Consumer revolution of the 18th century began in during Dutch Golden Age. This led to the beginning of the Middle Class Putting Outs system of Period 3: How did Great Britain’s Industrial dominance, industrialization of continental Europe, and the Second Industrial Revolution led to development of heightened consumerism? A heightened supply meant a heightened demand for Industrial Europe and consequently, what were once “luxury” goods Period Postwar economic growth, increased imports of United States technology and pop culture, mass production, new food technologies, and industrial efficiency Increased industrial efficiency lead to a consumer society New products: canned goods, 1914 Present
became readily available and cheap for the middle class to buy. household appliances washing machine, etc.) Collapse of Economy during the lead to greater regulation of industry and business PP-2:Identify the changes in agricultural production and evaluate their impact on economic growth and the standard of living in preindustrial Europe. Period 1: Period 2: Commercialization of agriculture: certain specialised crops began to be grown not for consumption in village but for sale in national and even in international market of Agricultural Revolution Mechanization: changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to that work with machinery. New agricultural practices Importation of foods from the Americas: squash, corn, tobacco, potatoes m 1648 1815
and and PP-3: Explain how geographic, economic, social, and political factors affected nature and timing of industrialization in western and eastern Europe. Period 3: Industrial dominance of Britain – why? Natural resources: rivers, coal, etc. Industrialization in continental Europe (Second Industrial Revolution) Lagged behind GB for a while, but was able to catch up due to... Russian reform and Reforms) Period 4: 1914-Present Russia’s incomplete industrialization – of what revolution? Bolshevik Revolution- The revolution between the Bolsheviks and the conservative White Guard. Jonathan Smele charts this turbulent episode in the forging of post-tsarist Russia.
Began with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte influenced by Enlightenment ideals failed to achieve all of its goals and at times degenerated into a chaotic bloodbath August 22, 1795, the National Convention, composed largely of Girondins who had survived the Reign of Terror, approved a new constitution that created France’s first bicameral legislature. Napoleon’s domestic reforms: Concordat of 1801, codes, commercial codes, penal codes, and codes on criminal and civil procedures Citizens were allowed freedom of religion Period 3: of isms post Concert of Europe (Congress of Vienna) Political revolts and revolutions of 1830 and 1848 National unification and liberal reforms (Germany, Italy, Britain) Marx’ critique of capitalism Period Russian Revolution of dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the rise of the Soviet Union. The Russian Empire collapsed with the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II and the old regime was replaced by a provisional government during the first revolution of February 1917. Alongside it arose grassroots community assemblies which contended for authority. In the
Period 1: 1450-1648 Government regulation of public morals (Sumptuary Laws)- put in place in order to curb extravagance, protect fortunes, and make clear the necessary and appropriate distinctions between levels of society Period 2: Policing of marginal groups religious pluralism to religious toleration) Jews Catholics during Glorious Revolution- act of settlement and the toleration act of 1689 Peace of Westphalia- Ended the European wars of religion and established CHristian toleration in the Holy Roman Empire and throughout Europe Period 3: 1815-1914 reform of cities (post 1850) Germ of Public Health Period Expansion of social welfare programs in interwar period and post WWII: "The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of June 22, known as the G.I. Bill of Rights—nearly stalled in Congress as members of the House and Senate debated provisions of the controversial bill. Some shunned the idea of paying unemployed veterans $20 a week because they thought it
Period 3: 1815-1914 Cult of domesticity Gender became an obsession amongst bourgeoisie Radical feminism advocating for suffrage and citizenship Radical feminism was an influence on equality movements overall as women were vocal supporters of activism Period 4: 1914-Present Role of women in World Wars Nursing Science When men were away at war, the home front became a place led by female workers - which over time had a positive influence on equality in the workplace. Feminism post World Wars: Women in welfare, expansion of suffrage Gay and lesbian movements in politics How and why did Europeans come to rely on the scientific method and reason in of traditional authority? OS-5-Analyze how the development of Renaissance humanism, the printing press, and the scientific method contributed to the emergence of a new theory of knowledge and conception of the universe. Period 1: 1450-1648 Revival of Classical texts Invention of the printing press Visual arts of the Renaissance Science based on observation, and math The visual arts and things were “invaded” by reason and design according to mathematical principles that spread like Period 2:1648-1815 Rational and empirical thought; new media The revolution in thought led to popular knowledge growing, through education and literacy. The printing press spread knowledge and encouraged ideological communication
came to be considered a valid source of knowledge. Period 1: 1450-1648 Humanists valued the individual Objective religious knowledge challenged by Reformation because now there is religious pluralism: In England the government allowed the Lutheran, catholic, and church of england protestants to coexist in its borders. Period 2:1648-1815 Emphasis on private life in the arts Golden Age Art) Enlightenment and natural rights: the ideas that people no matter their race or heritage had rights that could not be taken away. Romanticism: revival of public sentiment and feeling Period 3: 1815-1914 Liberal, radical, and republican emphasis on individual rights: taking action in government to about social equality. Beginning of relativism in values and emphasis on subjective sources of knowledge Period 4: Challenge to confidence in science and human reason Self-expression and subjectivity in the arts (Modernism, Age of Anxiety, Existentialism, etc.): modernism was using art to express emotions of pain caused by war and Age of Anxiety (dadaism, surrealism). Modern Philosophers now focus on the meaning in life and the purpose of living
French women (Wollstonecraft and Olympe de Gouges)-- argument of essential rights applied to women (particularly working class as part of the revolution) Argument that involvement of women in the French revolution- march to Versailles, etc., should afford them more rights – enfranchisement Religious toleration, Jewish people Jewish enlightenment: Haskalah- idea that freedom and and civil rights for European Jews 1800s- kids protected from exploitative working conditions, in nationalism used as a form of state indoctrination- but also expansion educational rights to working class Feminism coming out of Age of Isms post Congress of Vienna, ex: WSPU Suffrage after WWI in Great Britain women’s during war proved to many that they should have the right to vote: first older women head of could vote then all women- fully rights Period 4: 1914-Present Decolonization post WWII large scale migrations and reactions to immigrant/guest workers Collapse of communism and impact for peoples of Eastern Europe Feminism what happens post suffrage?
How did civil institutions (family, private sphere, “third sector” apart from government and business) develop apart from governments, and what impact have they had upon European states? SP10-Trace the ways in which new technologies, from the printing press to the Internet have shaped the development of civil society and enhanced the role of public opinion. Period 1: 1450-1648 Printing press increased literacy rates distribution of scientific ideas spread of protestant ideas (catalyst for protestant reformation) calvinism lutheranism persecution of witches (indirectly) religious wars wars of of Astrolabe and improvements to navigation exploration Portugal and Spain to begin else after Period 2:1648-1815 Reading Revolution and increased literacy (new forms of literature) newspapers novels natural rights absolutist (Louis XIV, Peter the Great, etc) this challenge is the reason for the despots to
Period 3: 1815-1914 Industrialization of warfare because Second Industrial Revolution ex: imperial wars, Crimean War restores balance of power and conservatism with congress of vienna because french put countries in check as the rest of the continent industrializes, this challenges British success/dominance able to imperialize colonies (in Africa) and evens the playing field creates more competition balance of power challenged with unification of italy Period 4: Total warfare of WWI and WWII caused more deaths and a war of attrition new tactics and (ex. machine guns, mustard gas) Women more present in war efforts Nuclear weapons and the Cold War Post-1945 movements and guerilla warfare Genocide and ethnic cleansings SP14-Analyze the role of warfare in remaking the political map of Europe and in shifting the global balance of power in the 19th and 20th centuries (before 19th century, 30 Years War in and Napoleon 1810 most influential in shaping map of Europe) Period 3: 1815-1914 Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe tried to rebalance europe and restore Unification of Germany and Italy challenged balance of Period 4: World War I and Versailles Agreement punished germany and redrew the map blamed germany for WWI so had to pay
power with the regional princes Expansion of empires via overseas colonies: resources brought money and power to home countries developed into international diplomacy through Mercantilism: defined dependent relationship between colony and home country over French Revolution in Spain: expressed through guerrilla resistance-- changing expression of war rebellion End of French Revolutions: Congress of Vienna Balance of power as an wanted by and SP 16-Explain how the French Revolution and the revolutionary and Napoleonic wars shifted the European balance of power and encouraged the creation of a new diplomatic framework. Period 2:1648-1815 French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars Period 3:1815-1914 Congress of Vienna settlement Napoleon’s effect on continent was his Grand Empire and delaying SP 17-Explain the role of nationalism in altering the European balance of power, and explain attempts made to limit nationalism as a means to ensure continental stability. Period 2: 1648-1815 Napoleon’s Grand Empire Period 3: 1815-1914 Realpolitik and of Germany and Italy Nationalism as motive for imperialism, militarism, alliances