Year 5 End of Year Expectations – Becoming a Scientist Physics Light Investigate how light behaves using reflections and shadows and explain patterns in my results. Understand that light travels from a source and know that light sources are seen when light from them enters the eyes. Draw diagrams with lines and arrows to show how we see things when light is reflected from them. Explain the difference between the shadows and reflection in terms of the path of light. Biology Animals, including humans Identify and name the main parts of the human circulatory system and why they are important. Understand that exercise increases heart beat to take blood more rapidly to the muscles that need it. Understand that the heart works as a pump to pump blood around the body to all living cells through blood vessels. Know that has different functions. Investigate the structure of the lungs and what happens when we breathe in and out. Make careful, repeated measurements of pulse rates and record results, explaining what these results show and use the patterns to draw conclusions. Explain what the effect of diet and exercise are on our health. Give examples of harmful and helpful effects of drugs on our body. Research the work of scientists such as Jenner and Pasteur, finding out how their discoveries improved people’s health. Chemistry Properties and changes of materials (2 half terms) Compare and group together everyday materials on the basis of their properties, including their hardness, solubility, transparency, conductivity (electrical and thermal), and response to magnets. Give reasons, based on evidence from comparative and fair tests, for the particular uses of everyday materials, including metals, wood and plastic. Know that some materials will dissolve in liquid to form a solution, and describe how to recover a substance from a solution. Know that there are factors that affect the rate of dissolving. Demonstrate that dissolving, mixing and changes of state are reversible changes. Use knowledge of solids, liquids and gases to decide how mixtures might be separated, including through filtering, sieving and evaporating. Explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials, and that this kind of change is not usually reversible, including changes associated with burning and the action of acid on bicarbonate of soda.
Physics Forces Explain that unsupported objects fall towards the Earth because of the force of gravity acting between the Earth and the falling object. Know that friction is a and describe some ways friction can be increased between solid surfaces. Describe some of the factors that increase air and water resistance. Measure forces using a force meter and know that force is measured in Newtons. Identify the effects of air resistance, water resistance and friction, acting between moving surfaces. Identify when frictional forces are helpful and name situations when frictional forces resist motion. Understand that force and motion can be transferred through mechanical devices such as gears, pulleys, levers and springs. Research the use of these devices through history and design and make an artefact that uses simple levers, pulleys, gears and/or springs and explore their effects. Biology Living things and their habitats Name and explain the functions of parts of a flower and describe the processes of pollination, fertilisation, seed dispersal and germination. Investigate the different ways in which plants produce new plants. Explain why living things need to reproduce if the species is to survive. Compare, contrast and explain the differences in the life cycles of mammals, amphibians, insects and birds. Describe the life process of reproduction in some plants and animals in my local environment over the course of the year. Progression of Skills for Working Scientifically Ideas and evidence Ask simple questions and recognising that they can be answered in different ways. Ask relevant questions and using different types of scientific enquiries to answer them. Use simple models to describe scientific Use test results to make predictions to set up further comparative and fair tests. Planning Work Identify and classify. Perform simple using simple equipment, observing closely. Set up simple practical enquiries, comparative and fair tests making accurate and careful observations. Take accurate measurements using standard unit. Use a range of equipment, for example thermometers and data loggers. Plan different of scientific enquiries to answer questions. Recognise and control variables where necessary.
Obtaining and Presenting Evidence Gather and record data to help in answering questions. Gather, record, classify and present data in a variety of ways to help in answering questions. Record findings simple scientific language, drawings, labelled diagrams, keys, bar charts, and tables. Take measurements, using a range of scientific equipment, with increasing accuracy and precision. Record data and results of increasing complexity scientific diagrams and labels, classification keys, tables, bar and line graphs. Evidence and Evaluating Use my observations and ideas to suggest answers to questions. Use results to draw simple conclusions and suggest improvements. Suggest new questions and predictions for new values in my results. Identify differences, similarities or changes using my knowledge of scientific ideas and processes. Use straightforward scientific evidence to answer questions or to support findings. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanation of results, in oral and written forms such as displays and other presentations. Identify scientific evidence that has been used to support or refute ideas or arguments.