Instructors Entrapment If in doubt do not launch or recover boats Consider alternate landing sites Students must not be allowed to stand between boats and beach when waves are running onto shore. Staff only to launch powerboats/PWC Stand only to side of vessels and not between craft and shore Watch lee shore winds for boats drifting into shipping channel Look for oncoming waves into wave trap Use secondary attachment strop on RIBS to support winch Manual Handling Groups Members Instructors Back injury/lifting injury Med Back awareness training Instructor briefing Use of jockey wheel Use of tractor to move objects/equipment Low Use of winch Instructors Finger entrapment Med Staff to operate winches Awareness of of winch and how they operate Low Suction effect of passing ships particularly at low tide (draught) in wave trap Groups Members Instructors Capsize Crush Injury Facial/head Injury Med Move paddlers/craft away from shore Visually and monitor channel 12 Wait until larger shipping has passed Low Sea Conditions Groups Members Instructors Sea Sickness Low Potential to raft up, support individual, make attempts to head into shore Work in area of calmest conditions. Low Sea Conditions Groups Members Instructors Man Overboard High Group briefing, appropriate speed in craft, regular head counts Staff training to practise recovery from water. Engine switched off with contact. Low Entrapment Groups Members Instructors Crush Injuries between boats, pontoons & Jetties Transferring crew/passengers between boats, risk of falling through High Staff to ensure students are not in between objects in water Support when moving, manual guidance Support when transferring from boat to land Transfer board for SEN students Low Entrapment Groups Members Instructors Fishing Med Give sufficient space to avoid entanglement. Awareness of lines and their limited visibility, casting fishermen from Groyne/piers and Jetty. Low Water Conditions Groups Members Instructors Surf High Unless kayak/paddle boarding/body boarding, stay off surf line, Be aware of sea conditions Low
Watch for breaking swell and dumping waves Littlehaven beach has dumping waves particularly at high tide. Use zoned areas if using Sandhaven beach Water Conditions Groups Members Instructors Rip Currents High Group briefing, staff to be aware rips and their movements esp on Sandhaven Beach. Instruct groups on avoidance and how to escape them. Use a spotter if necessary for activity Med Conditions Groups Members Instructors Eddies Stoppers Weirs Strainers Standing rocks High briefing Group ability at appropriate level/training Appropriate qualified to lead within remit of NGB award Appropriate conditions and river levels No swimming near weirs/tunnels or stopper waves Med Collision Groups Members Instructors Underwater obstructions Med Awareness of new pipes next to outlet 100m from South Pier on Littlehaven beach, awareness of Groynes and rocks Watch at High tide, awareness of dumping waves next to area Caution on Side opposite wave trap and Black Middens Rocks, Prior Stone. Low Quality Groups Members Instructors Disease (leptospirosis) Sickness Bacterial infection Med If suspected consult medical advice Ensure that open cuts, grazes or wounds are suitably covered. Raft boats if appropriate No deliberate splashing Water R.A carried out Wash / shower after session. Inform group about swallowing water DO NOT SWIM in Harbour after heavy rains Low Jelly Fish Stings Groups Members Sickness Discomfort Low Use of wetsuit and long sleeved top, shoes. Instruct group not to touch jellyfish. Low
Swamping Groups Members Instructors Exposure Cold Water Shock Damage to craft and equipment Med Helm the boat with due care considering conditions and sea state. Trim and balance boat Do not overload boat above CE plate. Attempt to lighten load of boat Maintain forward motion to avoid transom from having free flowing water. Use of VHF Use of elephant trunk. If swamped significantly ensure all maintain contact with boat. Low Pacing Groups Members Instructors Collision Risk of Explosion Injury Low No pacing to take place between powerboats or PWC Low High side high speed turns Groups Members Instructors MOB Serious Injury Med All persons to be shown how to sit in / on the boat during high speed manoeuvres. Group briefing Appropriate for sea state Low Injury. Falling from PWC Groups Members Instructors Head/neck/back/facial injuries High RYA PWC instructor to be in control of PWC sessions. Weather forecast and sea conditions to be considered Powerboat to be on the water when PWC is in use Use of throttle restrictor remote control by staff if necessary Choose appropriate working area Group briefing in event of coming off PWC RIB to be used as a floating platform, moored off course on quick release anchor Staff vigilance Med Collision Groups Members Death Crush Injuries Damage to equipment Med Qualified staff must decide on the operating area for the PWC and change if necessary. PWC students should be made aware of lack of ‘off throttle’ control. Use of mirrors and looking around Ensure that starboard rule is understood and followed PWC must never approach the rib at speed. Consider wind & tide direction, anchor point. Staff to come alongside RIB with beginners Low
Manual HandlingLifting Groups Members Instructors Injuries, wind blowing board whilst being carried Low Group briefing, demonstration of correct lifting technique, consider 2 people per board. Low Colliding with other users Groups Members Instructors Facial/head injuries Med Group control, briefing, zoned areas. Highlight that board and SUP boarder will go in opposite directions when coming off board. Establish clear working area prior to session Use of ankle leashes Use of helmets Low Shallow Water members Ankle/Wrist injury Med Group briefing, demonstration on getting on and off boards Balance exercises. Low Paddle strike Hand grip Group members Facial/head injury Blisters Med Correct paddling technique demonstrated Control of session, paddling distances Sufficient space between boarders. Low Fins Group members Injuries to face/head/hands/feet Med Highlight the hazard to group members. Full wetsuit and long sleeves Boards must only be surfed correct side up. Check condition of fins Low Surf Groups Members Instructors Collisions High Small surf, consider dumping waves Stand to seaward side of board and not in between beach and surf Sessions to take place on Littlehaven beach. Low Assessment Reference Water Activities Site/Location Water Activities Centre, NE33 1LH Tyne Harbour Sandhaven Beach Work Activity Body Boarding Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Water Conditions Groups Members Instructors Dumping surf on Littlehaven Beach Rip currents on Sandhaven Beach Med Awareness of dumping surf Use zoned area for surfing only. Stay of swimming areas. Use of spotters and buddy system Low
Collision Groups Members Instructors Head/Body Injury Risk of Drowning Med Define working area, limit number of people in water. Working ratio 6 participants in water. Wear buoyancy aids & helmets Choose quieter area, be prepared to move session. Use of leashes Demonstration of technique used, line choice. Keep board shore side whilst going out. Low Falling off Groups Members Instructors Foot/ankle injury Med Ensure appropriate footwear Use area without rocks Inform group of foreign objects in water Low Assessment Reference Water Activities Site/Location Water Activities Centre, NE33 1LH Tyne Harbour North & South of Tyne Harbour Work Activity Keelboat sailing Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Sailing Groups Members Instructors Drowning Med Participants are briefed on capsize / swamping procedures. Keel boats are subject to an annual maintenance schedule, and are visually checked prior to each use. All to wear buoyancy aids or life jackets Low Poor conditions Groups Members Instructors Exposure Hypothermia Med Instructor to helm, appropriate clothing Group members to use cabin, has spare clothes and sleeping bags available Low Boom strike Groups Members Instructors Head injury High Group briefing Clear loud instructions Low Sea state Groups Members Instructors Man overboard (MOB) High All to wear lanyards when moving around decks clipped into handrails Staff to be always on deck Low
Try for slack tides/area of slow moving water Awareness of cold increasing onset of fatigue Water movement Groups Members Instructors Tide & currents Tide races and rips Being swept away River flow - spate High The activity not to take place when the rivers are flowing fast. Supervising to examine the area to be used both above and below to examine for possible obstructions or hazards. Local knowledge to be sought to clarify problems. Beaches with significant hazards must not be used for swimming activity. Supervising staff to have relevant safety equipment readily at hand including throw-lines. to be checked prior to the activity and local knowledge to be sought prior to any activity taking place. Use only areas designated for swimming when the activity is to take place in the sea. Low Water conditions Groups Members Instructors Swell Med Only swim in small, moderate swell where head counts and group control is still manageable Low Entry & egress Groups Members Instructors Head/body injury Med Watch for slippy sides, ensure easy exit from water is possible for all If entering/leaving water from a boat, ensure engine is off and kill cord removed Use of helmet Low Wind Fatigue Med Awareness of wind on surface water state and effects on swimmers energy levels Problems with communication due to wind. Develop simple hand signals Low Assessment Reference Water Activities Site/Location Lewisburn, Kielder NY 61959 87284 Work Activity Secret Pool Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix)
Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Walk in/out Groups Members getting lost Low branches Terrain Low Staff to run session have been inducted, carry a map, min. BEL qualified group on low branches and watch for eye Make sure appropriate footwear Walk in/out at appropriate Low Jumping into water Group Members Instructors Hitting rocks Slipping on take off Landing badly Landing on other person in water High Only designated jumps are allowed with member of staff at each take off point At lowest water level min depth is 5m only from designated points Appropriate to ability of individual Start with low jumps first Buoyancy aid & helmet worn by all Staff to control jump order and timings Med Crossing Lewis burn Group Members Instructors Slips & trips Med In low water cross well above waterfall In high water cross at split in stream below pool Low Water levels Group Members Instructors Speed of water, river in spate, water carrying debris Med Abandon session if unsafe Consider using it as a swimming session only Pool splits into two and shallows significantly even at high water Low Non water confident or group member getting into difficulty Group Members Drowning Panic Exposure Med Reach rescue with walking pole Two lines 2 staff on session Low Assessment Reference Bellboating Site/Location Kielder Water Work Activity Bell boating from Hawkhirst Activity Centre Assessor(s) SOA staff M. Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Swamped craft All Cold Shock Hypothermia Med Wear wetsuits, windproof jacket, buoyancy aid, helmets. Staff to carry spare clothing, stove, emergency staff grab bag Low
Land Activities Assessment Reference Land Activities Site/Location Various Work Activity General considerations Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Weather members Cold Injuries Hypothermia Hyperthermia Heat Stroke High Suitable clothing , to carry spares weather forecast obtained Use of layering system Hydration Low Weather Group members Instructors High Med Care on summits and ridges in particular. Careful route choice Consider roping on exposed sections Low Weather members Instructors Sunburn Med Encourage use of sun with high SPF Wear long sleeved top Find where possible/lunch/rest stops Low Weather Group members Instructors Dehydration Med Ensure group has sufficient fluids to last the day Staff to monitor, use of rehydrates solution Low Food Group members Instructors Insufficient energy to complete tasks Allergen/intolerance Anaphylaxis High Staff to ensure individuals are fed, high carb foods Use of consent to check for diabetic, celiac, food/nut allergies Med Medical Group members Instructors Diabetes, asthma, epilepsy other diseases/conditions High Consent forms, group list carried by staff, all staff made aware information shared with designated person if on residential First aid trained staff First aid kits carried Includes inhalers and auto injectors in centres Low
Over exertion Group members Instructors Sports injury Cramp Muscle strain Sprain Med Appropriate clothing Rehydration solution Appropriate pace set Group briefing based on terrain, conditions etc. dynamic RA carried out. Work within safe limits/warm up Low Insect Group members Instructors Midge bites Horse Fly Bees & Wasps Mosquito Ants Med Cover up as much as possible Use of insect repellent Anti-histamine if required and consent is given Provide first aid treatment as necessary Use of head net Low Insect bites Group members Instructors Tick bites Lyme’s disease High When in an area with ticks advise all participants to wear long trousers and or put on an insect repellent Remind everyone to check for ticks that evening Provide guidance re how to remove them Inform of the signs and symptoms of Lyme’s disease and classic bullseye target Med Animals Group members Dogs, Horse, Cow bites and crush injury Med Plan routes accordingly Group briefing Give way to horses Group not to interfere with livestock Low Flora & Fauna Group members Instructors Other animals Adders Poisonous plants stinging plants Med Explain to group to not pick plants or flowers Do not eat mushrooms or fungi Avoid sitting on dry stone walls or putting hands into rock crevices Low Getting Lost/Route Finding Group members Benightment Group splitting up Med All staff to carry map, group walks together. Staff have knowledge of route NGB qualified staff Min group numbers if unaccompanied (4) Set limits in terms of group sizes. Consider using group control techniques such as ‘honey pot’. Maintain small group spread esp. in poor visibility Active supervision when remotely supervising groups Low Terrain Group members Instructors Could include; Steep slopes, mud, grass, woodland, uneven surfaces, steps, fences, walls, car parks, roads, craglets, rock bands, cliffs, trees High Care to be taken on these features, group briefing on route choice. Not to climb trees. Active supervision Informed to stay away from edges, do not cross any barriers/fences in place Very close supervision Low
Slips, falls, soft tissue injuries Water hazards; river, sea, canal, ponds Group members Instructors Drowning Cold water shock Exposure High Very Supervision, staff to cover danger areas, obey all warning signs. Group briefing stressing the dangers present. Staff to have spare clothing Low Traffic; cars/forestry/farm vehicles members Instructors RTC Stone thrown up High Staff to control group on junctions and farm entrances Turn back on logging vehicles as they pass on forest tracks Clear briefings Med Forest machinery Timber stacks Group members Crush injuries Death High Close supervision briefing appropriate route choice Obey all warning signs DO NOT CLIMB ON TIMBER STACKS Low Cyclists & Horses members Instructors Collisions Crush injuries Being kicked Med Inform group to be aware of cyclists and the speeds that they can travel at Encourage group to give way to cyclists and all to move to the same side Give way to horses, be considerate Low Assessment Reference Land Activities Site/Location Various trail centres and natural trails in UK Sections of road cycling Work Activity Mountain Biking / Off road cycling Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Punctures Group members Instructors Fall Lose control of bike Med Group briefing on riding position and looking ahead Action on what to do if riders get a puncture. Staff to carry spare tubes, change tube not repair Low Forest road sections members Instructors Falls, fish tail skids Front wheel slippage Gravel rash High Inform group of loose surface, gloves, long sleeved top, helmet, glasses. Staff to control speed, riding at Front Med
Head injuries Eye injury Descents Group members Instructors at speed Over handle bars Musculoskeletal injuries High to brief group, ride at front and control speed to inform group of drifting with speed on descents esp. With cambered slopes. Med Riding as a group Group members Instructors Falls Musculoskeletal injuries Head injuries Med Group to ride with sufficient space between Spread out with speed and on varied terrain Use helmet Low Visibility Group members Instructors RTC Lost cyclists High Riders to wear high vis jackets, esp. On night rides Use of lights Made sure hand signals are and obvious Low Road sections/junctions Group members Instructors RTC High Small group work Consider walking across road at crossing points High visibilty Riders informed of riding position Made aware of drift Med Bike defects/equipment failure Group members Instructors Falls Musculoskeletal injuries Med Bikes have check prior to each days riding by group members & instructor Trailside repairs to be carried out Servicing carried out by qualified bike mechanic Low Assessment Reference Land Activities Site/Location Various locations in UK Work Activity Hill Walking Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Descents, steep slopes Group members Instructors Falls Musculoskeletal injury Head injury Med Staff to brief group, care to be taken on steep sections positioning Correct footwear Low Terrain; footpath, bridleway, Group members Instructors Slips/Trips/Falls Med Suitable route choice, Correctly fitted Staff positioning Group briefing Low
Poor Water supply Group members Instructors water borne disease High Ensure has access to clean running water daily Use of sterilisation tabs or filters Low Toilets Group members Instructors Bacterial infections Sickness Med Ensure group has access to toilets and washing facilities Either bury or carry out waste products Antibacterial hand wash Low Unaccompanied camping members Poor behaviour Sickness Stranger danger Fire risk Med Use of campsites Check on evening and in morning. Litter check Use quiet section of site Camp group together Camp on same site away from group as option Removal of fuel if necessary Low Wild camping Group members Water supply Sanitation Sickness Fire risk Med Ensure clean water supply ownership of land Find sheltered area where possible Remove rubbish No open Bury human waste or carry out Low Unaccompanied walking Group members Getting lost Injury/illness High Active remote supervision Clearly defined routes Obvious navigational features Low risk terrain Position staff appropriately Med Interaction between group members and public members General public Public perception Inappropriate behaviour Abduction Med briefings Group to stay together and not to enter individuals dwellings Low Incorrect footwear Group members Blisters Soft tissue injuries High Correctly fitted boots and laced correctly Not football, sports/ankle socks Dressing foot if appropriate Med Camping underneath Group members Instructors Damage to equipment Tree branch falling onto tent Med Caution during high winds Risk of falling branches, do not camp underneath trees where possible Low Camping near water Group members Water level increase Drowning Cold shock High Staff to brief group, supervise closely when near water, monitor weather forecasts and local conditions. Set clear boundaries Low Open fires Group members Instructors Death Smoke inhalation Damage to equipment High NO OPEN FIRES in wild camp site areas. Open fires only on designated campsites where provision is made for fire fighting Low
instructors Active supervision Carry burns kit Position stoves against object to stop them being knocked over Use pans handles Use on level ground Do not overfill pans Pan handles become hot when left in stove, remove after handling pans. Always use pans handles when moving pans around Cooking All Tents ,clothing fire High NO COOKING IN TENTS Keep safe distance from tents Store fuel away from tents in suitable sealed containers Make sure outdoor jackets, Fleeces any clothing that will melt is away from flame Roll sleeves up Med Cooking All Pressurised containers. Risk of explosion High Avoid using puncture type fuel cans. Store carefully so they won’t become damaged when in rucksack Don’t store next to sources of ignition Low Storage of and carrying fuel members Fuel leakage Cross contamination Fire risk Med Ensure use of correct container for type of fuel, make sure seals are working and no leakages Low Matches/Lighters Fire Risk of explosion when holding lighter upside down High With some groups remove source of ignition when not cooking or using stoves. Use matches only when lighting a Trangia Assessment Reference Land Activities Site/Location Various locations in South Tyneside/North East Work Activity Orienteering Assessor(s) SOA M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix)
Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Unaccompanied activity members Getting Lost/Route Finding Med Teach progressively, position staff accordingly, set time limits, careful group size and choice Limit area of work and set boundaries Head counts & active supervision Low Unaccompanied activity Group members Group splitting up abduction Med Staff to set limits in terms of group sizes. Use of register Highlight dangers of strangers Fixed meeting point Timely actions Low Slips/Trips/Falls Group members Musculoskeletal Head injuries Exposure High Suitable route choice, Correctly fitted footwear, boots. grab bag carried Med Animals/Dogs/Horses Group members Bites kicks Med Group told not to approach animals Give way to horses, group told not to wave arms or be loud when passing horses Low Running with pencils/pens members Puncture wounds Eye injuries High Use only shortened pencils, carry appropriately Low Assessment Reference Land Activities Site/Location Various single pitch crags in North East, Yorkshire & Lake District Work Activity Outdoor Rock Climbing inc. bouldering Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk
Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson Level of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk High winds Climber Belayer Spectators Tower falling over High Wall has a maximum wind speed of 20 mph, use of wind gauge Position wall with climbing surface into oncoming wind Use outrigging legs to level before lifting wall Tower must be on level surface Low Raising/lowering wall Instructor Finger entrapment injury High Follow erection procedures Trained staff only Ensure area is cordoned off first and supervised Low Public tampering with controls Climber Belayer Spectators Tower falling, lowering Crush injury Med Control box locked Area cordoned off Staff to hold on to keys Locking pins in Low Spectators within climbing area Climber Belayer Spectators Being kicked by climber Interrupting belayer Med No spectators within climbing area Use of tensa barriers Clear signage Sufficient space to work in Low Towing Driver Other road users RTC Breakdown High Correct vehicle for towing weight 3100kg Correct license with trailer endorsement Lights Number plate Lock hitch on to wall Driver to walk round check prior to setting off Use spotter when positioning wall/reversing Low Trailer condition Driver Other road users RTC Wall failure Med Wall, trailer, hydraulics serviced annually Visual inspection before each use Low
Unsupervised climbing Climber Fall from height Spinal, head injury High Wall not left unattended once erected NGB qualified staff only Staff induction Low Assessment Reference Land Activities Site/Location Simonside Climbing Wall Akenshawburn Cottages Work Activity Archery Assessor(s) SOA staff M Simpson of Risk Before Controls (See matrix) Level of risk After Controls (See risk matrix) Hazardous Activity Persons at Risk Significant Risks to Health and Safety Risk Rating Controls and Precautions Residual Risk Shooting Group Members Instructors Spectators Being hit by Arrow Puncture wound Death High All participant stay behind shooting line, waiting line or Spectators to be behind spectator line Arrows can only be placed on bow when pointing down range Signage leading to Archery Range Use of back stop and side netting Clear briefing & demonstration Use of whistle/safety Low Collecting arrows Group Members Falling onto arrow knock Eye injury High No running towards targets Approach to one side Ensure no one is standing behind Carry back to shooting line properly walking Demonstration and group briefing Boss tied to stand Stand anchored appropriately Low Arm hit by bowstring members Blister Whelt Discomfort High Use of arm bracer No dry Loosing Use correct sized bow & poundage Wear long sleeved clothing low Limbs twisting when stringing bow Instructors Jammed fingers Limb recoil Med Use of bow stringers only Only by appropriately trained person Low Equipment failure Group members Instructors Puncture wound Fibre glass splinter Med All equipment checked by staff prior to use Monthly visual and manual checks Low