List of Tables and Figures List of Acronyms AF Additional Financing BCM Billion cubic meters CCGT Combined Cycle Gas Turbine CEAP Construction Environmental Action Plan CIA Cumulative Impact Assessment CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CDAP Community Development Assistance Program CLO Community Liaison Officer CO Carbon monoxide CO2, Carbon dioxide
CO2e, Equivalent carbon dioxide CSC Construction Supervision Consultant DB Diamer-Basha Hydropower Project DHP Dasu Hydropower Project ECP Environmental Code of Practices EHS Environment, Health, and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMF Electro Magnetic Field ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESA Environmental and Social Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESMU Environmental and Social Management Unit GDP domestic product GHG Greenhouse gas GLOF Glacial lake outburst GoP Government of Pakistan GWh Gigawatt hour Ha Hectare HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HSE Health Safety and Environment IBWS Indus Basin Water System IEE Initial Environmental Examination IFC International Finance Corporation ILRP Income and Livelihood Restoration Program IPCC International on Climate Change IPOE International Panel of Experts IUCN International for the Conservation of Nature Km Kilometer KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa kV Kilovolt kWh Kilowatt hour LARF Land Acquisition and Resettlement Framework LLO Low-Level Outlet Masl Meters above sea level M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MW Megawatt NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NGO Non-Governmental Organization NO Nitrogen NTDC National Transmission and Dispatch Company OP Operational Policy Pak-EPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act PKR Pakistani Rupees PM Particulate matter PMF Probable Maximum Flood PMU Project Management Unit RAP Resettlement Action Plan RCC Resettlement Claims Committee ROW Right of Way SRU Social and Resettlement Unit TDP Tarbela Dam Project T4HP Tarbela 4th Extension Hydropower Project T5HP Tarbela 5th Extension Hydropower Project TL Transmission Line UIB Upper Indus Basin USD US Dollar WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority WB World Bank WEC WAPDA Environmental Cell
Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures General The potential environmental and social impacts of the generation component of the Project are mostly limited to the construction stage as the Project would utilize the existing infrastructure and available land within the Tarbela area, which is cordoned off from the public with a fence and security arrangements. The Project would provide significant environmental benefits in the long run by providing renewable, non-carbon energy of 1800 GWh annually without the environmental and social impacts/costs normally associated with hydropower projects. The Project would also help utilize more efficiently the scarce water resources of the Indus Basin by installing modern and more efficient turbines and machines for generation of electricity. While the power evacuation component will have significant impacts due to acquisition of land for transmission line and grid station. Impact Assessment Methodology Potential environmental and social impacts were identified through review of feasibility study reports, field visits and stakeholder consultations. The significance of potential impacts was assessed using the following criteria: Impact Magnitude: The potential impacts of the project have been categorized as high, medium, low or negligible based on consideration of the parameters such as: (a) duration of the impact; (b) spatial extent of the impact; (c) reversibility; (d) likelihood; and (e) legal standards and established professional criteria. Sensitivity of Receptor: The sensitivity of a receptor has been determined based on review of the population (including proximity/numbers/vulnerability) and presence of features on the site or the surrounding area. Each detailed assessment has defined sensitivity in relation to the topic. Assigning Significance: Following the assessment of magnitude, the quality and sensitivity of the receiving environment or potential receptor has been determined and the significance of each potential impact established using the impact significance matrix shown below in Table 6. : Significance of Impact Criteria Magnitude of Impact Sensitivity of Receptors High Medium Low Negligible Major Major Major Moderate Negligible Moderate Major Moderate Minor Negligible Moderate Minor Negligible Negligible Negligible Minor Negligible Negligible Negligible Summary of Assessed Impacts The project’s potential impacts and their significance have been assessed using the methodology described in Section 7.2 above. A summary of potential impacts of the Project and their significance before and after implementation of mitigation measures is given in Table 7.
Material storage sites Visual inspection to ensure dust suppression work plan is implemented Monthly Contractor CSC, PMU Air quality (PM, CO2, SOx, NOx) At the baseline monitoring sites 24 hours continuous monitoring with the help of appropriate instruments and analyzers Quarterly during the phase Contractor through a nationally recognized laboratory CSC, PMU Surface water quality At the baseline monitoring sites Sampling and analysis of surface water quality (TDS, Turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological and chemical oxygen demand) Quarterly during the Contractor through a nationally recognized laboratory CSC, PMU Soil Pollution and material storage sites Ensure no contaminated effluent is leaving to the surface water bodies and nearby agricultural lands Weekly Contractor CSC Water quality (For all drinking water parameters) wells to be used by contractors for drinking Laboratory analysis of all drinking parameters specified in national standards After of wells Contractor trough a nationally recognized laboratory CSC Drinking water and sanitation Camps, offices Ensure the construction workers are provided with safe water and sanitation facilities in the site Weekly Contractor CSC Flora and Fauna At all worksites Survey and comparison with baseline data Consultant CSC, PMU Safety of workers Monitoring and reporting accidents At work Usage of Personal Protective equipment and implementation of contractor OHS plan Monthly Contractor CSC, M&E Consultant, PMU Cultural and archeological Sites At all work sties Visual observation for chance finds Daily Contractor CSC, PMU Restoration of Work All Work Sites Visual Inspection After completion of all works Contractor CSC, M&E Consultant, PMU Grievances In the project area Number of grievances registered and addressed Monthly PMU CSC, M&E Consultant, PMU