Table 24 Comparison Between WHO and NEMA Noise Guidelines Specific Environment Critical Health Effects LAeq WHO Time base (hours) LAeq Time base (hours) Outdoor living area Serious annoyance Moderate annoyance 55 50 16 16 45 35 14 14 Indoor dwelling Inside bedroom Speech interference Sleep disturbance 35 30 16 8 - - Outdoor bedroom Sleep disturbance 45 8 35 - School classroom Indoor Speech and communication 35 During time Day 60 Night 35 14 14 School playground outdoor Annoyance External 55 During play 45 Day Hospital, treatment room indoor time daytime 30 30 8 16 - - Industrial, Commercial and traffic areas Hearing impairment 70 24 60 12 Ceremonies, festivals entertainment events Hearing impairment 100 4 - - The provisions of this Act will be applied by the Proponent in the management of the project where the contractor will be required to adhere to the guidelines to reduce the possibility of adverse noise and vibration impacts to human health. The regulation stipulates that the acceptable standard day and night noise levels should not exceed 65dBa and 45 dBa respectively. World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies Like in any project financed by, or with financial participation of, the World Bank, the environmental and social safeguards as defined in the Bank's Operational Procedures (OPs) will be respected for the purposes of this project implementation. WB classifies its projects into four Environmental Assessment categories according to the likely impacts on the environment they will have. This classification is as follows (only main conditions mentioned): Category A: A proposed project is classified as Category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts. ) )
also aimed at providing and improving access to the existing Railway Station and providing parking facilities for motorized traffic within Athi River Township and at the Railway Station which will lead to decongestion of Nairobi-Namanga Highway ultimately in the year 2030. Construction period The proposed project construction period will be 9 months and defect liability of 3 months respectively. Project cost The cost of the proposed Athi Quick Win Railway Station is approximately Kshs: 500,195,189.The cost of implementation of ESMP is approximated to be Kshs 8,063,500.00. The summary of the BoQ is provided in the following table: Table 32: BoQ Summery STATION GRAND SUMMARY COST ESTIMATES BILL NO. DESCRIPTION AMOUNT in (Kshs) 1 Preliminaries 47,390,000.00 2 Civil works 128,717,435.10 3 Structures 103,397,813.08 4 Electricals 25,782,350.00 5 Mechanicals 39,693,280.00 6 Day works 8,513,696.58 7 Structures prime cost and provisional sums 63,334,750.00 8 for Athi-river railway station. 416,829,324.76 9 Add 10% of subtotal (a) above for variation of price (financial contingencies). 41,682,932.48 10 Allow 10% of subtotal (a) above for physical contingencies. 41,682,932.48 Total Kshs.500,195,189.72 CHAPTER FOUR BASELINE CONDITIONS General environmental settings
Positive Impacts and proposed enhancement measures Table 81: Anticipated Positive Environmental and Social Impacts for the Athi River Railways Station Environmental and Social Aspect Anticipated Impacts/Remarks Proposed Enhancement during Design and Construction phases Proposed Enhancement during Operation and Decommissioning phases Changes in hydrology/ drainage Improvement of drainage systems at the station Reduction of flooding and soil erosion near the station Design adequate drainage structures to accommodate peak runoff Provide speed breakers on the outfall and distribute outfall flows Monitor drainage structures, culverts, outfalls regularly for damages near the station Continuous maintenance of drainages and culvert Reduction of travel time and increased comfort Improved travel safety and comfort for travelers using the railway line Significant shortening of travel time between Athi River and other towns served by the railway line and beyond Proper design and construction of facilities that encourage use of the station Proper and regular maintenance of the railway line Provision of regular train services on the line
Improved security The facility will have improved security once completed compared to the current situation Proper design incorporating lighting, security access at and near the station Proper and regular maintenance of lighting at the station Provision of security at all patrolling the access roads and at the station Air pollution Reduction of air pollution from vehicle emissions Proper design and construction of facilities that encourage use of the station Proper and regular maintenance of the railway line Provision of regular train services on the line Growth of investments and activities Growth of Athi Centre and surrounding areas near the station More investors in various sectors will want to invest in the area due to easy access Liaise with physical planning department and local authorities for location of construction of parking bays, access and other Monitor growth of the Athi area to expand infrastructure Machakos County to control development through spatial planning of the area
provided by the railway line amenities that can be constructed near Athi River Employment opportunities Direct temporary employment for skilled and unskilled labour for many of the local people for example as casual labourers during construction works. There will also be other jobs associated provision of goods and services to permanent and temporary employees e.g. food industry. Other indirect jobs that will be generated after Utilize local labour during construction work Utilize materials available in the area for construction Utilize labour during maintenance
pave way for construction construction site Replant vegetation through landscaping upon completion trees and other vegetation at the station Soil erosion due to changes in hydrology/ drainage Clearance of vegetation and top soil stripping at the construction areas etc. might cause soil erosion An increase in paved areas means that there will be more runoff than normal, which will affect the drainage systems, hydrological Construct efficient drainage structures (culverts, mitre drains, scour checks etc) Control earthworks through cascading gabions and distribution channels for storm water Protect excavated sections of the of storm Regular cleaning and proper maintenance/repair of drainage structures
emissions by construction vehicles and other equipment during their operations Increased dust and air pollution levels could impact on public health Vehicles and machinery engines should always be switched off when not in use Noise Pollution Noise generated during construction activities such as operation of construction equipment, excavations, etc Increased noise pollution levels could Construction activities should be carried out only during the day to minimize noise levels to the residents Explosive blasting shall not to be used Proper maintenance of trains Sensitize operators on hooting unnecessarily
impact on public health. Water resources usage Competition of resources with the needs of the local population Develop water abstraction plan to minimize conflict with local residents Manage use of piped water and other water sources mainly used by local people Abstraction licenses should be obtained from the required authority (WARMA) Monitor water wastage and usage during operational stages of the station Install pressure taps that minimize and time usage Repair damaged taps and toilets to minimize waste Water Pollution Contamination of water resources with oil and fuel spills by construction equipments at Incorporate erosion control measures during construction at the site Monitor oil spills and other leakages at the station and parking lots Regular cleaning of oil and
construction site Other construction materials such as paints, bituminous materials and other associated chemicals may also find their way into adjacent streams near the project. No oils and should be stored on the construction site – small works Maintenance, re-fueling and cleaning of equipment should NOT be done at construction site by the contractor – but in a licensed garages outside the station area The station design to incorporate oil sumps at the parking areas to isolate oil spills from parked storm water drains at the station
vehicles that might spill to the storm drains No solid waste, fuels or oils shall be discharged on land surface, into drains or streams Traffic safety During construction, there will be some increased danger to workers, motorists, pedestrians, livestock, wildlife, and other NMTs as a result of increased traffic in the area Initiate a safety program and measures by creating awareness and educational campaigns for workers and local communities Install appropriate road signage for safety of workers and road users Maintain road and warning signs for road users to the station Monitor road accidents and keep a log of type and place of accidents to improve safety for railway station commuters
There will also be risks of accidents from the contractor’s vehicles during construction Install speed signs at high risk areas near the construction site-especially on the access road to the station Copies of insurance policies for the contractor’s drivers and vehicles should be provided to the Supervision Consultant. The contractor’s vehicles and equipment must be in proper working condition and
associated with the project work activities, including the nature and circumstances, location, date, time, precise vehicles and persons involved, and follow-up actions with the police, insurance, families, community leaders, etc Solid Waste Potential solid waste generated from construction works from construction waste and spoils Contractor to establish a solid waste management plan for solid disposal of debris/ garbage at the construction Provision of disposal bins at designated areas at the station Regular collection and disposal of garbage by the project proponent
waste generated from operation of the facilities by commuters, e.g. plastics, paper, etc site to be approved by the Project Engineer All construction waste shall be removed from site when the contractor complete the works Clean storm water drains to minimize clogging Settlements/Induced settlements changes There could be an increase in informal settlements near the station. Ensure the station is fenced off to discourage informal settlement and trading within the premises Liaise with county physical planning department and local authorities to ensure traders and informal settlement does not block station operations Social unrest Social unrest may occur as a result of local people being denied employment Unskilled construction and skilled (if available) labor to be hired from the local population as N/A
far as possible to minimize on influx of foreigners into the community. Use of manual labor during trenching works where possible to ensure more employment of locals and hence ensure project support throughout the construction process. Workers and commuters health and sanitation Potential outbreak of illnesses due to poor sanitation of the workers at the construction site and Contractor to provide clean and adequate sanitation facilities for the workers at all times Contractor shall also Project proponent to provide clean and adequate sanitation facilities for the commuters
during operational stages provide clean drinking water at the construction site for his workers at all times Security and Increase of crime rates due to workers influx in the area Crime rate may also increase especially after completion of the project as the area will be opened up with easy access to other areas near the station Proper design incorporating lighting to enhance security at the station Sensitize the construction workers, locals, and security to be on the lookout on suspicious activities near the station Liaise with the administration units (County and sub county governments, Ensure that the local administration units and railway police provide regular surveillance and patrols at the station to protect commuters Proper maintenance of lighting at the station
the surrounding community on awareness, prevention and management of HIV / AIDS through staff training, awareness campaigns, multimedia, and workshops or during community Barazas. Occupational Health And Safety Construction workers will be exposed to risks of accidents and injuries as a result of construction activities including use of machines, Contractor provide an Occupational Health and Safety Policy and OHS Plan for the work to be performed at the sites Provide medical and Provision of adequate and right safety tools and personal protective equipments (PPEs) to protect and prevent possible injuries to the workers during maintenance
use of scaffolding for above ground works, metal grinding and cutting, concrete work, steel erection and welding among others insurance for all workers In collaboration with local health authorities, ensuring that medical staff, first aid facilities are available at all times at the site Appoint an Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) officer at the site, with necessary authority and resources to manage OHS issues Provision of adequate and right safety
Ensure that any child sexual relations offenses among contractors’ workers are promptly reported to the police Gender equity, sexual harassment Discrimination of women on jobs, unequal pay, and sexual harassment during construction works Contractor to prepare and enforce a No Sexual Harassment Policy in accordance with national law where applicable Contractor and implementing agency to prepare and implement a Gender Action plan to include Same as during construction phase
at minimum, in conformance with local laws and customs, equal opportunity employment, gender sensitization Provision of gender disaggregated bathing, changing, sanitation facilities Grievance redress mechanisms including Loss of life, injury, or damage to people and private property Employees and other people in the area might lose their life as a result of Contractor shall maintain records and making reports concerning health, safety and welfare of N/A
Table 91 :–Environmental Management and Monitoring plan Project Environmental and Social Impact Proposed Mitigation and Aspects for Monitoring Responsibility for intervention and monitoring during design, construction and defects liability period Parameters for Monitoring/ Indicators (c – construction (o) - operations Timing - Recommended frequency of monitoring Estimated Mitigation & Monitoring costs to be included in the BoQ (Kshs) Loss of Vegetation CONSTRUCTION Minimize clearing of unnecessary areas at the construction site Replant vegetation through landscaping upon completion OPERATION Replenish vegetation at the station regularly Proper maintenance of trees and other vegetation at the station Design Engineer, Project Engineer and Contractor (c) check and follow specifications in the drawings and plans (c) Minimal clearance of vegetation and soil stripping Continuous during construction & operation phases Included in the BoQ under excavations KShs. 6,333,500.00
avoid disturbing the same OPERATION Regular cleaning and proper maintenance/repair of drainage structures Disruption of Public Utilities DESIGN and CONSTRUCTION PHASE Design to incorporate existing public utilities and avoid disturbing the same Contractor to generate utility management plan Project Engineer and Contractor Utilities providers (c ) Down time of utilities affected Complaints from the residents No of disruptions (c) Budget under provisional sums of Utilities
Contractor to minimize damage to public utilities Air Pollution CONSTRUCTION PHASE Speed control of vehicles accessing the site Construction of bumps along access road to the station Regular watering of access roads and work sites Proper maintenance of construction equipment per the manufacturer requirements Project Engineer, Contractor, Traffic police inspection / observation Dust level – particulate matter Exhaust fumes from the vehicles Maintenance levels of plant and equipment daily/random Equipment - costs build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor equipment
Pollution CONSTRUCTION Regular Sensitization of workforce and residents on potential noise levels Controlled operation of construction plant and equipment No blasting shall be done on site Project Engineer and Contractor inspection / observation Noise level at the construction site Number of Complaints from the residents daily/random Costs build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor
Water Resources Usage CONSTRUCTION PHASE Develop water abstraction plan to minimize conflict with local residents Manage use of piped water and other water sources mainly used by local people Abstraction licenses should be obtained from the required authority (WARMA) Project Engineer and Contractor WARMA Inspection /method of waste collection Complaints from the neighbouring communities or the authorities Amount of abstracted (c) monthly Costs build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor OPERATION PHASE Monitor wastage and usage during operational stages of the station KRC inspection Amount of water used Repairs and damaged water facilities (o) monthly Normal maintenance budget
Install pressure taps that minimize and time usage Repair damaged taps and toilets to minimize waste Water Pollution DESIGN and CONSTRUCTION Incorporate erosion control measures during construction at the site No oils and should be stored on the construction site – small works Maintenance, and cleaning of equipment should NOT be done at construction site by the contractor – but Project Engineer and Contractor Sub-County Health & Environmental Officer, NEMA, WARMA KRC Inspection Discharge into bodies Complaints from the neighbouring communities or the authorities Inspection status of streams, rivers and wetlands in the area of influence (c) daily (o) regularly build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor & Maintenance of the station
in a licensed garages outside the station area The station design to incorporate oil sumps at the parking areas to isolate oil spills from parked vehicles that might spill to the storm drains No waste, fuels or oils shall be discharged on land surface, into drains or streams OPERATION PHASE Monitor oil spills and other leakages at the station and parking lots
discourage informal settlement and trading within the premises Discourage informal settlement near the station Social Issues - Employment CONSTRUCTION Utilization of skilled and unskilled workers Contractor, Project Engineer (c ) observation /reports Number/percentage of local workers from the local communities Complaints from local residents Monthly No direct to EMMP, costs build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor Workers And Commuters Health And Sanitation Contractor to provide clean and adequate sanitation facilities for the workers at all times Contractor also provide clean drinking water at the Contractor, Project Engineer KRC Inspection/observation/ reports Number of sanitation facilities Sanitation facilities cleanliness Daily Monthly reports No direct costs to EMMP, costs build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor
(County and sub county governments, Police, DO, chiefs, etc.) to provide regular surveillance and patrols to protect workers and commuters HIV/AIDS, STDs, CONSTRUCTION Sensitize workers and the surrounding community on awareness, prevention and management of HIV / AIDS through staff training, awareness campaigns, multimedia, and workshops or during community Barazas; Contractor, Project Engineer Sub-county Health & Environmental Officer, local sub-county authorities observation / reports No of HIV/AIDs programs conducted by the contractor No of testing, counseling provided Prevalence of prostitution, HIV/AIDS and STDs in the area during construction period Monthly
Solid Waste CONSTRUCTION PHASE Establish a well planned method of solid disposal of debris/ garbage at the camp site Contractor and Project Engineer Inspection Disposal methods of solid waste from the site Complaints on health and safety aspects related to construction activities Site cleanliness Amount of waste/debris on site weekly build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor OPERATION Provision of disposal bins at designated areas at the station Regular collection and disposal of garbage by the project proponent Clean storm water drains to minimize clogging KRC Local council Inspection Accumulation of garbage at the station Complaints by commuters Number of drainage areas clogged Facilities cleanliness daily KRC budget
reported to the police Gender Equity And Sexual Harassment CONSTRUCTION PHASE Contractor to prepare and enforce a No Sexual Harassment Policy in accordance with national law applicable Contractor and implementing agency to prepare and implement a Gender Action plan to include at minimum, in conformance with local laws and customs, equal opportunity Contractor, Project Engineer, observation /reports Number of incidences Number of women employed Labour Records by the contractor monthly No direct costs to EMMP, costs build in the planning and administration costs of the contractor
6: Grievance Redress Process Process Description Time frame Other information Identification of grievance Face to face; letter, e-mail; recorded during public/community interaction; others 1 Day Email address; hotline number Grievance assessed and logged Significance assessed and grievance recorded or logged (i.e. in a log book) 4-7 Days Significance criteria: Level 1 –one off event; Level 2 – complaint is widespread or repeated; Level 3- any complaint (one off or repeated) that indicates breach of law or policy or the ESIA provisions Grievance is acknowledged Acknowledgement of grievance through appropriate medium 7-14 Days Development of response Grievance assigned to appropriate for resolution Response development with input from management/ relevant stakeholders 4-7 Days 7-14 Days Response signed off Redress action approved at appropriate levels 4-7 Days Project staff at project proponent to sign off Implementation and communication of response Redress action implemented and update of progress on resolution communicated to complainant 10-14 Days Complaints Response Redress action recorded in grievance log book Confirm with complainant that grievance can be closed or determine what follow up is necessary 4-7 Days Close grievance Record final sign off of grievance If grievance cannot be closed, return to step 2 or to sector minister or recommend third-party arbitration or resort to court of law. 4-7 Days Final sign off on by project proponent