Changes would be centrally managed at the lot level, individually managed at the space level. Explain how information systems are used to facilitate processes. Structured processes: Registration – as mentioned above, most of the work in this process is computerized. Human actors make decisions regarding course offerings and student selections, the information system tracks and controls. Fee Payment – actors determine fees based on a categorized structure and course selections. The information system calculates fee totals and tracks and controls fee payment upon human actor payment activity. Parking (assigned parking space) – information system receives a request for a space from the human actor and the system assigns a space, or allows the human actor to select a space based on certain criteria (kind of like selecting your own airplane seat). Dynamic processes: Determination of electives for a student’s major – information systems would play a more limited role in this process. The dynamic nature of this process requires more unstructured human interaction. Information systems would play a role in presenting a course listing, supplying information regarding courses already taken, prerequisites, course descriptions and major requirements. Football team offensive strategy – this information system is probably not computerized at all. Any computer-based information system support would likely occur prior to the event in the form of player and team-trend analysis. Parking (assigned lot) – computer-based information systems play a lesser role in this case than in the Parking (assigned parking space) process. The information system would simply track which type of lot each person is assigned to. There is likely very little interaction between the “parker” and the information system. How do you think the character of the information systems supporting these processes varies? Structured processes: Registration – highly structured, inflexible, standardized. Fee Payment – highly structured, inflexible, standardized. Parking (assigned parking space) – highly structured, inflexible, standardized. Dynamic processes: Determination of electives for a student’s major – the information systems to support this process would be in the form of information repositories that are used on-demand and probably differently by each student. Football team offensive strategy – this information system would be highly interactive, unstructured, non-standardized. Parking (assigned lot) – information systems supporting this, like more structured processes, would be standardized, structured, and inflexible. The human actors would play a less structured role.
Advising Thin client , Web server Advising System Software General Education requirements, Major requirements, Student records Meeting scheduling, Advising Advisor, Student Course registration Thin client, Web server Registration system Student records, Course file Registration Student Faculty technology request Thin client, Web server (or maybe a yellow pad of paper) Room Scheduling system Classroom file Room reservation Faculty, Dept Chair Course scheduling Thin client, Web server Course mgmt software Course file Classroom file Dept Chair Course list creation Thin client, Web server, Printer(?) Registration system, Email system(?) Course file Print course list Registrar Publication of enrollments Thin client, Web server Registration System Course file Student files Match courses to enrolled students Registrar Course enrollment and waitlist maintenance Thin client, Web server Registration System Course file Student files Waitlist file Match courses to students on the wait list. Registrar List sources of cost for each of the five components identified in part a. Consider both development and operational costs. COSTS COMPONENT DEVELOPMENT OPERATIONAL Hardware Servers, clients, data storage and backup, networking infrastructure purchase and installation Electrical costs, domain registrations, IP number costs, etc. Software Software purchase/licensing and/or analysis, design and development, training Support fees and/or maintenance costs, backup costs Data Initial data conversion and data entry Backup costs, ongoing data entry