Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) – A type of purified tuberculin preparation derived from old tuberculin (OT) and developed in the 1930’s. The standard Mantoux test uses 5 TU (tuberculin units) of PPD. Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test – A method to determine whether a person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A small dose of the antigen from M. tuberculosis is injected just beneath the surface of the skin and the area is examined 48 – 72 hours after the injection. A positive reaction is measured according to the size of the indurations. The classifications for positive reaction depend on the patient’s medical history and various risk factors (see Mantoux Test). Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) Test Conversion – Growth in duration within a two – year period after an initial negative reaction with a difference of 10 or more millimeters or indurations. Such “conversion” may represent new infection which is associated with a high risk of developing disease, or may occur as a result of the Booster Phenomenon. Resistance – The ability of some strains of bacteria (including M. tuberculosis) to grow and multiply even in the presence of certain which normally kill them. (Such strains are referred to as “drug resistant strains.”) Smear (AFB Smear) – A laboratory technique for visualizing mycobacteria. The specimen is smeared onto a slide, stain and then placed under the microscope for examination. Smear results should be available within 24 hours. Large amount mycobacteria usually indicate infectiousness; however, a “positive” result is not definitive for TB. Source Case – An infectious individual who has transmitted tubercle bacilli to another person or persons. Source Control – Control of a contaminant at the source of generation rather than permitting it to enter the general work space. Sputum – Material coughed up from deep within the If a patient has a pulmonary infection, an examination of the sputum by a smear and culture can indicate what organism is responsible for the infection. It should not be confused with saliva or with nasal secretions. Sputum Positive – AFB are visible after staining when viewed under a microscope. Individuals with sputum smear positive for AFB are considered more infectious than those with smear – negative sputum.
a rough sketch of the pertinent aspects of the scene. 8. Obtain name, address, telephone number and a brief statement from any witness. 9. Make sure even the minor injuries are well-documented and receive appro- priate emergency department follow-up as needed. 10. Per 10 NYCRR Part 800.21, our Captain will report to the Department of Health EMS Bureau Representative for our region, within 24 any Accident involving personal injury and/or any accident results in an Ambulance being placed out of service. 11. New York Vehicle and Traffic Law also requires the owner of any vehicle involved in an accident resulting in any personal injury, death and/or damage exceeding $1,000 (to any one vehicle) to file a report with the Department of Motor Vehicles within 10 days. The required MV-104 form may be obtained at any police station or DMV office (Refer to NYSDOH Policy Statement 01-07: Guidelines to Follow in Case of an Vehicle collision; Appendix 20). 3.7 NYS/BLS Protocols All emergency medical care provided by NCAC shall conform to Hudson Valley Regional EMS and New York State Protocols. Copies of these protocols are in the NCAC office. Each EMT may access this copy at NCAC headquarters or on-line at and . 3.8 Non-Emergency Transports A non-emergency transport request must be approved by the Captain. Transports are secondary to emergency calls. A second crew and secondary ambulance must be used on a transport call. No transport is to leave headquarters until the emergency ambulance is back in territory and available. If a transport is delayed in leaving, the hospital or person requesting transport should be notified. 3.9 Mutual Aid to Neighboring Towns Because demand for emergency medical services is unpredictable and demand may occasionally outstrip resources, NCAC has entered into Mutual Aid agreements within and neighboring ambulance service providers. NCAC will provide a fully staffed ambulance to respond to emergencies in the neighboring area.