c. assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Focus on Research, 442, gather evidence (facts, statistics), 921; Writing to Sources: outline and incorporate evidence, 538; also see: Reading for Information: evaluate validity and reliability of a research source, 70–75, verify and clarify facts, summarize, draw conclusions, analyze, 568–581, evaluate information from text features, 598–603, evaluate information from charts, graphs, illustrations, 810–817 d. create an organizational structure that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, warrants, and evidence; SE/TE: Writing Workshop: transition words, use, 446, ideas, organize, 447, revising for smooth flow, 924, clarify relationship between claim, reasons, evidence, 927; Transition words, 988; Writing: arguments, anticipate/ refute, 136, letter to the editor, 685 e. develop and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience’s knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible biases; SE/TE: Composing an Argument (developing the claim), lxx–lxxi; Writing Workshop: details, gather, 443, elaboration, provide, 444, opinions, support with facts, 447; Writing to Sources: outline and incorporate evidence, 538, citing details, 1431 f. use phrases, and clauses as well as varied syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claims and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claims and counterclaims; SE/TE: Writing Workshop: transition words, use, 446, ideas, organize, 447, revising for smooth flow, 924, clarify relationship between claim, reasons, evidence, 927; Transition words, 988 g. establish and maintain a formal and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline; SE/TE: Writing to Sources: revise for words or phrases that are too casual, 66, create formal, businesslike tone, 988, revising to use formal language, 1095; Writing Workshop: weak language, replace, 446, style, develop, 447
3.1 Analyze how context influences choice of communication, and employ the appropriate mode for presenting in a given situation. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening: Deliver a Persuasive Speech, 450–451; Oral Interpretation of Literary Work, 702–703; Speaking and Listening: Multimedia “Welcome Talk,” 250; Debate, 478; Press Conferences, 730; Multimedia Presentation, 956; Presentation, 1135; Book Talk, 1136; Performance Tasks: Speaking and Listening, 231, 459, 711, 937, 1117, 1485 3.2 Construct engaging visual and/or multimedia presentations using a variety of media forms to enhance understanding of findings, reasoning, and evidence for diverse audiences. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Create a Multimedia Presentation, 920–927; Speaking and Listening: Multimedia “Welcome Talk,” 250; Multimedia Presentation, 956; Writing Lesson: Multimedia Presentation Plan, 627, 1365; Performance Tasks: Speaking and Listening, 1485 Language, Craft, and Structure (LCS) Standard 4: Critique how a speaker addresses content and uses craft techniques that stylistically and structurally inform, engage, and impact audience and convey messages. 4.1 Evaluate a speaker’s point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric, assessing the stance, premises, links among ideas, word choice, points of emphasis, and tone used. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening: Evaluate a Persuasive Speech, 222–223; Deliver a Persuasive Speech, 450–451; Analyze a Non-Print Political Advertisement, 928–929; Analyze and Evaluate Entertainment Media, 1108–1109; Compare Media Coverage of Same Event, 1476–1477; Text Set Workshop, 454b, 706b, 932b, 1480b 4.2 Evaluate the speaker’s delivery of messages that present an apparent and logical perspective on the subject and support the central idea with well-chosen and well-organized and details. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening: Evaluate a Persuasive Speech, 222–223; Evaluation form for a Persuasive Speech, 451; also see: Debate, 478; Press Conference, 730; Book Talk, 1136; Panel Discussion, 1433; Speaking and Listening: Comprehension and Collaboration, 223, 451, 703, 929, 1109, 1477