2.86 31.5 2.86 31.5 3.2 66.5 9 91 15 99 TABLE 6 Table of end point value and next-to-end point values to be used in conjunction with Fig. 17 and Table 5, applicable to a range of transmitter output powers, for 6 MHz DVB-T systems End point value(1) (4 kHz measurement bandwidth) (dB) range (dBW) Corresponding spurious level (100 kHz measurement bandwidth) 89 – (P – 9) P 9 36 dBm 89 9 < P 29 75 dBc 89 – (P – 29) 29 < P 39 16 dBm 99 39 < P 50 85 dBc 99 – (P – 50) 50 P 5 dBm (1) The next-to-end point value is 8 dB higher than the end point value and all of these values are subject to an upper limit equal to –66.5 dB. 1.2 6 MHz channelling ISDB-T systems For 6 MHz ISDBT systems, the OoB domain extends from 3 MHz (i.e. 0.5 6 MHz) to 15 MHz (i.e. 2.5 6 MHz) relative to channel centre. Spectrum limit mask for a 6 MHz ISDBT system is shown in Fig. 18. The related break points are given in Table 7. The relative power level is defined in a reference bandwidth of 4 kHz. The 0 dB reference level corresponds to the mean output power measured in the channel bandwidth. These emission limits apply when transmitter power is above 39 dBW. FIGURE 18 Spectrum limit mask for 6 MHz ISDB-T (for P > 39 dBW) 7 Break points for 6 MHz ISDB-T systems Frequency relative to the centre of the 6 MHz channel Relative level in 4 kHz reference bandwidth (dB) –15.0 –81.4 –4.36 –81.4 –3.00 –58.4
8 Break points for 7 MHz analogue television, negative modulation, 0.75 MHz VSB Frequency relative to the vision carrier frequency Frequency relative to the centre of the 7 MHz channel Relative level in 50 kHz measurement bandwidth (dB) –15.25 –17.5 –90.5 –8.25 –10.5 –65.5 –5.5 –7.75 –56 –5 –7.25 –36 –1.25 –3.5 –36 TABLE 8 (end) Frequency relative to the vision carrier frequency Frequency relative to the centre of the 7 MHz channel Relative level in 50 kHz measurement bandwidth (dB) –0.75 –3 –16 –0.18 –2.43 –16 0 –2.25 0 0.18 –2.07 –16 5 2.75 –16 5.435 3.185 –10 5.565 3.315 –10 6.1 3.85 –20 6.28 4.03 –50 11 8.75 –56 12.75 10.5 –65.5 19.75 17.5 –90.5 Table 9 provides end point values to be used in conjunction with Table 8 and Fig. 19, applicable to a range of transmitter output powers, for 7 MHz analogue television, negative modulation, 0.75 MHz VSB.
TABLE 9 End point values for 7 MHz analogue television, negative modulation, 0.75 MHz VSB End point value(1) (50 kHz measurement bandwidth) (dB) Power range (dBW) Corresponding spurious level (in 100 kHz measurement bandwidth) –80.5 – (P – 9) P 9 –36 dBm –80.5 9  P 29 75 dBc –80.5 – (P – 29) 29  P 39 –16 dBm –90.5 39  P 50 85 dBc –90.5 – (P – 50) 50  P –5 dBm (1) The end point value is subject to an upper limit of 65.5 dB. 10 provides break points corresponding to the graph shown in Fig. 20, for 8 MHz analogue television, negative modulation, 0.75 MHz and 1.25 MHz VSB. FIGURE 20 Spectrum limit mask for 8 MHz analogue television, negative modulation (for P = 39 to 50 dBW) TABLE 10 Break points for 8 MHz analogue television, negative modulation, 0.75 MHz and 1.25 MHz VSB Frequency relative to the vision carrier frequency Frequency relative to the centre of the 8 MHz channel Relative level in 50 kHz measurement bandwidth 0.75 MHz VSB (dB) Relative level in 50 kHz measurement bandwidth 1.25 MHz VSB (dB) –17.25 –20 –90.5 –90.5 –9.25 –12 –65.5 –65.5 –6.5 –9.25 –56 –56 –6 –8.75 –36 –36 –3 –5.75 –36 –36 –1.25 –4 –36 –16 –0.75 –3.5 –16 –16 –0.18 –2.93 –16 –16 0 –2.75 0 0 0.18 –2.57 –16 –16 5 2.25 –16 –16
–2.7 –5.45 –28 –1.25 –4 –28 –13 TABLE 12 (end) Frequency relative to the vision carrier frequency Frequency relative to the centre of the 8 MHz channel Relative level in 50 kHz measurement bandwidth 0.75 MHz VSB (dB) Relative level in 50 kHz measurement bandwidth 1.25 MHz VSB (dB) –0.75 –3.5 –13 –13 –0.18 –2.93 –13 –13 0 –2.75 0 0 0.18 –2.57 –13 –13 6 3.25 –13 –13 6.435 3.685 –10 –10 6.565 3.815 –10 –10 6.75 4 –50 –50 13 10.25 –56 –56 14.75 12 –64.2 –64.2 22.75 20 –89.2 –89.2 Table 13 provides end point values to be used in conjunction with Table 12 and Fig. 21, applicable to a range of transmitter output powers, for 8 MHz analogue television, positive modulation. TABLE 13 End point values for 8 MHz analogue television, positive modulation End point value(1) (50 kHz measurement bandwidth) (dB) range (dBW) Corresponding spurious level (in 100 kHz measurement bandwidth) –79.2 – (P – 9) P 9 –36 dBm –79.2 9  P 29 75 dBc –79.2 – (P – 29) 29  P 39 –16 dBm –89.2 39  P 50 85 dBc –89.2 – (P – 50) 50  P –5 dBm (1) The end point value is subject to an upper limit of 64.2 dB. 2.2 Digital television systems 2.2.1 7 and 8 MHz DVB-T systems For 7 MHz digital television, the OoB domain extends from  3.5 MHz (i.e.  0.5 × 7 MHz) to  17.5 MHz (i.e.  2.5 × 7 MHz).
(1) The next-to-end point value is 8 dB higher than the end point value and all of these values are subject to an upper limit equal to –67.8 dB. 2.2.2 7 and 8 MHz ISDB-T systems For 7 MHz digital television, the OoB domain extends from 3.5 MHz (i.e. 0.5 7 MHz) to 17.5 MHz (i.e. 2.5 7 MHz). For 8 MHz digital television, the OoB domain extends from 4 MHz (i.e. 0.5 8 MHz) to 20 MHz (i.e. 2.5 8 MHz). Spectrum limit masks for 7 MHz and 8 MHz ISDBT systems are shown in Figs 24 and 25 respectively. Tables 18 and 19 provide break points corresponding to Figs 24 and 25, respectively. The relative power level is defined in a reference bandwidth of 4 kHz. The 0 dB reference level corresponds to the mean output power measured in the channel bandwidth. These emission limits apply when transmitter power is above 39 dBW. FIGURE 24 Spectrum limit mask for 7 MHz ISDB-T (for P > 39 dBW) 18 Table of break points corresponding to Fig. 24 for 7 MHz ISDB-T systems Frequency relative to the centre of the 7 MHz channel (MHz) Relative level in a 4 kHz reference bandwidth (dB) –17.5 –82.1 –5.09 –82.1 –3.50 –59.1 –3.34 –52.1 –3.26 –32.1 +3.26 –32.1 +3.34 –52.1 +3.50 –59.1 +5.09 –82.1 +17.5 –82.1 FIGURE 25 Spectrum limit mask for 8 MHz ISDB-T (for P > 39 dBW)
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1138, to which the RR makes reference, provides formulas to be used to calculate the necessary bandwidth when required by the RR. However, the only formula applicable to radar gives results that can vary by a factor of ten based on a constant chosen by the user. Recommendation ITU-R SM.853, considering that the formulas in Recommendation ITUR SM.1138 are incomplete, recommends numerous supplemental formulas. 2.1 Un-modulated radar pulses Recommendation ITU-R SM.853 provides guidance for determining the necessary bandwidth (20 dB below the peak envelope value) for rectangular and trapezoidal pulses. For these systems, the necessary bandwidth BN is the smaller of: (35) where t is the pulse duration (at half amplitude) and is the rise time, both in seconds. 2.2 Other modulations Necessary bandwidth formulas for frequency modulated pulse radars, frequency hopping radars, and CW radars, both un-modulated and frequency modulated are presented below. For frequency modulated pulse radars, the necessary bandwidth (20 dB bandwidth) formula exceeds the symmetrical trapezoidal pulse case (equation (35)) by twice the frequency deviation Bc: (36) The formula for frequency hopping radars has an additional term Bs, the maximum range over which the carrier frequency will be shifted: (37) Although Recommendation ITU-R SM.1138 gives no formula under the heading of “continuous wave emission” (here meaning a carrier without modulation) a realistic value of necessary bandwidth for un-modulated continuous wave (CW) radars depends on the frequency tolerance and noise. For frequency modulated CW radars, the necessary bandwidth is twice Bd, the maximum frequency deviation: (38) 2.3 Typical values of necessary bandwidth Table 23 shows typical necessary bandwidths, followed by the ranges of the necessary bandwidth values, for four types of radars. 23 Type of radar Typical BN (MHz) Range of BN Fixed radiolocation radar Mobile radiolocation radar Airport surveillance radar Weather radar 6 5.75 6 1 20 kHz to 1.3 GHz 250 kHz to 400 MHz 2.8 MHz to 15 MHz 250 kHz to 3.5 MHz