Table 17.Possible Performance Parameters for LED MEPS Criterion Description Why it is important Existing Performance Standards MEPS Levels Derived from IEA 4E SSL unless otherwise specified Claimed Equivalent wattage /minimum light output (lm) (retrofit lamps only) If equivalency is claimed to an incandescent lamp the minimum light output requirement ensures that the LED product produces at least the same amount of light (on average over its life) as an incandescent light source of a given wattage; These levels assist in evaluating manufacturer claims of equivalence for consumers choosing replacement lamps. Acceptable light output levels are of highest importance for safe working and living conditions. IEC 62612 (Self ballasted LED) IEC 62717 (LED modules) For non-directional 20W = 170 lm; 25W = 250 lm; 30W = 325 lm; 35W = 395 lm; 40W = 470 lm; 60W = 800 lm; 75W = 1055 lm; 100W = 1520 lm; 125W =2000 lm; 150W = 2452 lm; 200W = 3452 lm Directional – see IEA 4E SSL tables in Appendix C Minimum luminous efficacy (lm/W) Ratio of total light output of a lamp to the power consumed in producing it (lumens/watt). The higher the efficacy value, the more energy efficient the lighting product. This criterion informs the consumer and society on how efficient the light source is at producing visible light. An important indicator for saving energy and money. IEC 62612 (Self ballasted LED) IEC 62717 (LED modules) For non-directional: IEA 4E SSL Tier 1 > 50 lumen/watt For directional: IEA 4E SSL Tier 2 ≤ 20/8 inches (63mm): >45 lm/W > 20/8 inches (63mm): >50 lm/W (note IEA Tiers currently under review) Luminous intensity distribution The measured distribution of light output for a lighting product For lighting design it is important that the specifications closely approximate the light distribution properties of the lamp. Many ‘omnidirectional’ lamps provide a curtailed light distribution. IEC 62612 (Self ballasted LED) IEC 62717 (LED modules) Directional: Must be provided by manufacturer and 50% of flux shall be in declared beam angle
Correlated colour temperature (CCT) in Kelvin (K) Specifies the colour ‘shade’ of white light emitted by a lamp, relating to the colour of light from a reference source when heated to a particular temperature, measured in Kelvin. Spectrally, light sources which appear a “warm” white contain more red light content and are at lower Kelvin (2700-3500 K), while those appearing “cool” white contain more blue (4000-6500+ K) to create their appearance. CCT helps consumers select the appropriate product depending on their light colour preference and match light colour across different manufacturer lighting products. This way, when lighting products from different manufacturers are used in the same space there is not an unintended assortment of light sources with some appearing a coolish white and others a warmish white. ANSI C78.377 defines target colour temperatures and allowable tolerances (below) IEC 62612 (Self ballasted LED) IEC 62717 (LED modules) Follow ANSI C78.377, excluding flexible CCT Colour spatial uniformity The maximum allowable variation in the colour appearance of a light source when viewed from different angles. Ensures that there are no extreme, perceptible colour variations in light output of a lamp. (Colour blotches are often perceptible in poor quality products) Energy Star Product Specification for Lamps V1.1 To be considered only for inclusion in the standard. Directional lamps: The variation of chromaticity across the beam and field angles shall be within 0.007 from the weighted average point on the CIE 1976 (u'v') diagram
Minimum rated lamp life (B50) Typically defined as the amount of time that it takes for 50% of a statistically significant sample of lamps to fail. It is unrealistic to physically measure very long lifetimes for LED products. Having a credible B50 estimation is very important, as longer LED lighting product lifetimes help to justify the high initial cost through accrued energy savings. Ultimately, if SSL products are able to meet their lifetime claims, they can cut long term energy consumption, save on manufacturing waste, and save money for consumers. Energy Star Minimum lifetime should be 50%at 15,000 hours. Inclusion in MEPS would require a practical, and preferrably internationally agreed test method to be available. IEA 4E SSL currently reviewing available methodology. Maximum premature lamp failure rate Defined as the maximum percentage of a lamp sample that is allowed to have failed within a percentage of the rated life of the lamp This parameter is intended to reduce the number of early lamp failures. In the absence of a minimum lifetime test it could also serve as a substitute for lifetime in a MEPS. IESNA LM84 10% at 30% of rated life. Or ≤ 5% early failures at 6000 hours Endurance test Includes supply switching test, temperature cycling test and accelerated operation test: Ability of LED product to be rapidly switched on and off, to simulate how the product will be used over its lifetime The purposes of the tests are to check for catastrophic failures, the endurance of the built-in electronic components and the mechanical strength of the assembly. The endurance tests can help verify that an LED product will not fail when installed and used. IEC 62612 Energy Star Refer to section 11.3 of IEC 62612 Warranty duration The duration in years from date of manufacture that the product has warranty cover for manufacturing faults Important for consumers to have a guarantee of minimum amount of time that LED products will perform as claimed (justification of price). SEAD: With rated life <15,000 hrs, min warranty 2 years Life ≥ 15,000 hrs, min warranty 3 years (this option subject to confirmation of legislative feasibility).
Safety requirements Specifies that a product meets electrical safety and marking requirements in an economy. All products must meet all safety regulations of the region in which it is sold and used. This is covered under Australian / New Zealand electrical safety standards. IEC 61000.3 n/a – safety standards and regulation Safety marking Specifies that a product meets electrical safety requirements and marking requirements Provides assurance that the product meets all safety regulations of the region. ANSI/UL 1598 CE mark n/a – safety standards and regulation Photobiological hazard class (UV & blue light) Ultraviolet (UV) and blue light hazard (BLH) classes as defined in AS/NZS 62471 specify the allowable amount of optical radiation emitted by an LED product in range of 100-400 nm 400-500 nm spectrums, respectively. Important for consumer safety; UV and blue light can cause damage to eyesight. Some human health conditions result in high sensitivity to UV wavelengths. Products must be evaluated to determine their appropriate photobiological hazard class. IEC 62471 / CIE S009 RG0 or RG1 unlimited (IEC TR 62778:2015) Minimum power factor The ratio of real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit Of high importance to the electricity distributors as they must generate more than the minimum necessary to supply the real power, which increases generation and transmission costs. AS/NZS 61000.3 Low voltage lamps exempt. ≤5W: no requirement; >5W, PF >0.55 High power factor claim: 0.9
Harmonic distortion Harmonic distortion is the addition of non-linear overtones in the waveform of electrical supply. This metric indicates how the lighting product will affect the quality of the electrical utility’s grid. The metric is the mathematic ratio of the sum of the powers of all harmonic components to the power of the fundamental frequency. Total harmonic distortion (THD) affects the quality of the electrical grid, causing a loss of reliability of switch pulse information used to remotely control equipment connected to the electrical supply. Therefore it must be kept as minimal as possible. ANSI C82.77 Harmonic Emission Limits EN 61000-3-2 LED Comply with IEC 61000-3-2 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) IEC 61547 C tick n/a – regulated by ACMA / NZ Radio Spectrum Management (RSM), Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. Dimmer compatibility An evaluation of whether the LED lighting product will operate sufficiently well with installed dimmers used for incandescent light sources. High importance for the consumer as many LED products are not completely compatible with commonly available dimmers. NEMA SSL Product packaging shall clearly indicate whether the lamp is dimmable or not dimmable. See details in Product Packaging section below. Recyclability (%) An indication of the proportion on an LED product which must be recyclable. Important for management of electronic equipment waste so as to reduce the environmental burden of these products. Ideally products should be designed for easy of recyclability ISO 14021 Not to be included in MEPS but manufacturers encouraged to principles of self- declaration found in ISO 14021 Standby Power Power used by the lamp when not providing a lighting service. Important as in some cases standby power draw can be as much if not more than the active energy use of the lamp during operation of lighting service. AS/NZS 62301 <0.5W s
Lamp stabilisation Measurements of light output and electrical power at minimum intervals of 1 minute. No criteria for stabilised operation provided After 15 min of operation the light output variation from the minimum reading is less than 1% CIE S025 test method: “changes of total luminous flux (for integrating sphere) or luminous intensity in a fixed direction (for a goniophotometer setup) and electrical power are less than 0.5 % over a 30 minute window by monitoring the signal every minute” IEC 62612: luminous intensity in a fixed direction is less than 0.5 % and electrical power is less than 1.0 % are over a 15 minute window when monitoring the signal every minute Initial total luminous flux Satisfactorily covered for spheres and goniophotometers (except for measurement angles as discussed for “intensity distribution” below) CIE S 025 Maintained luminous flux Not covered Section D5: Measurements at 100, 2000, 5000, 0.4xrated life Consider referencing IEC 62612 or IESNA LM80/TM21 Centre beam and beam angles References IEC61341:2012 CIE S 025 / IEC61341:2012 Intensity distribution Covers test distance for photometry but no requirements for measurement angles (i.e.C &) Section D3.3.1 for measurement angles and planes (C≤10&≤10) Will need to specify measurement planes and angular step (i.e. C &) for & various beam angle directional lamps Partial luminous flux (Useful lumens) Equation and general measurement procedure provided (no definition of the useful lumen solid angle) Not covered If deemed a requirement: Need to define the solid angle for useful lumens. Omni-directional assessment Not covered Not covered Energy Star has test method & criteria (used in IEA performance Tiers) which are under review. Initial colour measurements Satisfactorily covered for chromaticity co-ordinates, CCT, CRI, angular chromaticity uniformity CIE S 025 Maintained colour measurements Not covered Not covered Consider using particular subset of time intervals used for maintained luminous flux measurement above. Need to determine which parameters to measure (chromaticity co-ordinates, CCT, CRI, angular chromaticity uniformity)