Early childhood – a strong predictor of health status in later life Housing/shelter – both the affordability of housing and the availability of affordable housing are pre-requisites of good health Gender –the social conditions that create or diminish gender equity are determinants of health including sexism, stereotyping and attitudes towards women and men’s roles in society. Violence against women causes a higher burden of disease than obesity, smoking and alcohol combined Discrimination and its sequelae in racism and violence – reducing race-based discrimination can help to improve the health of Indigenous Victorians and culturally diverse communities, while achieving social and economic benefits for all. Employment/Unemployment – access to sufficient economic resources for the pre-requisites of health is critical for good health Working conditions – exposure to health-damaging conditions Social inclusion and social support – having family, friends and networks of support as well as feeling included rather than on the margins of society, are influential determinants of good health Food security – fresh, affordable and accessible food is a pre-requisite of health Transport – access to affordable transport is essential for access to services. The Victorian Population Health Survey has found that there were profound disparities between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Victorians in the social determinants of health, which are likely to explain, at least in part, the worse health outcomes observed for Aboriginal Victorians. 1.5 Health inequalities and health inequities Health inequalities are the measurable differences between population groups by measures such as sex, age, or geographic location. Health inequities are those health inequalities that result from social, economic, and geographic influences that are avoidable, unjust and unfair. Social inequities are an underlying determinant of health inequities. The striking inequities that exist between groups in the population are consistent with evidence built up over a number of years in Australia to illustrate the causes of poor health.
People receiving an unemployment benefit Persons aged 16 to 64 years % people receiving an unemployment benefit Rank (SLAs within their ML, or ML within all MLs) Frankston - Mornington Peninsula 7,969 174,639 4.6 26 Frankston (C) - East 1,294 33,338 3.9 3 Frankston (C) - West 3,231 51,611 6.3 1 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 1,003 26,235 3.8 4 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 1,568 28,348 5.5 2 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 873 35,107 2.5 5 Victoria 142,027 3,696,223 3.8 Source: Australian Medicare Locals Atlas 2011 Low income families with children Table 21 shows the number and percentage of low income families with children under 15 years of age in the catchment and that four SLAs in the catchment rank higher on this indicator than the Victorian average. 21: 2009 and other low income families Total families % welfare dependent and other low income families Rank (SLAs within their ML, or ML within all MLs) Frankston - Mornington Peninsula 7,038 67,579 10.4 30 Frankston (C) - East 1,356 11,745 11.5 2 Frankston (C) - West 2,466 19,618 12.6 1 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 1,010 9,697 10.4 4 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 1,283 12,122 10.6 3 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 923 14,397 6.4 5 Victoria 119,703 1,322,742 9.0 Source: Australian Medicare Locals Atlas 2011
3.8 Volunteering Volunteering is a form of structured opportunities for people to undertake voluntary work in their community, which is one measure of civic participation and engagement. There is good evidence that engagement in meaningful volunteer activities increases feelings of wellbeing and quality of life and enhances social connectedness. Volunteering data in Table 26 is from the ABS Census 2011, for people aged 15 years and over who volunteered for an organisation or group. Table 17 shows that Mornington Peninsula West had the highest level of volunteering and Frankston West had the lowest level. 26: 2011 SLA People aged 15 years and over who participated in voluntary work Population aged 15 years and over % volunteers Rank (SLAs within their ML, or ML within all MLs) Frankston (C) - East 35,956 220,204 16.3 44 Frankston (C) - West 4,828 39,367 12.3 5 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 9,218 62,780 14.7 4 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 5,528 31,403 17.6 3 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 7,619 41,198 18.5 2 Victoria 17.9 Australia 17.8 Source: Australia Medicare Local Atlas 2012, PHIDU 3.9 Transport The catchment is characterised as semi-rural with pockets that have very limited public transport services while other areas do not have access to any public transport. Reliance on private forms of transport (cars, taxis) is not always practical or affordable. Access to services and other amenity across the catchment is a key issue with impacts on health care and social isolation. Transport limitations were measured in the 2007 Community Indicators Victoria Survey. Respondents were asked if their day-to-day travel had been limited or restricted in the previous 12 months:
Frankston is expected to increase by 5.1 per cent from 13,928 in 2006 to 14,636 by 2026; An estimated 15,157 adolescents aged 10 to 17 reside in Mornington Peninsula, representing 10.2 per cent of the area's total population. Based on DPCD projections, the population aged 10 to 17 years in Mornington Peninsula is expected to decrease by 7.2 per cent from 15,290 in 2006 to 14,183 by 2026; 5.2 Teenage pregnancy and safe sex In 2008, the rate of babies born to teenage women in Frankston was 16.4 per 1000 women aged 15 to 19 years. This was greater than the rate in Victoria (10.6 per 1000 teenage women), and almost double the rate of the Mornington Peninsula Shire. The rate of teenage births in Frankston in 2008 is considerably lower than rates in 2003-4 when there were 31.5 births per thousand females aged 15 to 19 in Frankston. In 2003-4, there were 19.0 births per thousand females aged 15 to 19 across Victoria. In 2008, the rate of babies born to teenage women in Mornington Peninsula was 8.4 per 1000 women aged 15 to 19 years. This was lower than the rate in Victoria (10.6 per 1000 teenage women). In 2009, 63.5 per cent of sexually active adolescents surveyed in Mornington Peninsula reported that they practiced safe sex by using a condom. This was higher than, but not significantly different to that reported across Victoria (58.1 per cent). 5.3 Health behaviours Table 35 shows data by LGA on SunSmart, alcohol and smoking health risk behaviours for adolescents. 5.3.1 Alcohol and other drugs In 2009, 47.3 per cent of adolescents aged 12 to 14 surveyed in Mornington Peninsula had ever consumed alcohol, while 25.3 per cent had consumed alcohol in the past 30 days. Among older adolescents aged 15 to 17 years, the proportions were significantly higher, with 74.0 per cent having ever consumed alcohol and 55.9 per cent having done so in the last 30 days; In 2009, 6.7 per cent of adolescents aged 12 to 14 years in Mornington
Frankston (C) - East 2,898 17.4 89 2,958 17.4 106 5,202 31.3 101 6,014 34.3 88 Frankston (C) - West 6,069 20.7 106 5,404 17.0 104 8,244 28.2 91 10,813 34.9 90 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 2,510 17.4 89 2,552 17.4 106 4,548 31.2 100 4,919 34.4 88 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 4,041 25.5 105 3,738 17.0 103 5,283 28.6 92 6,820 34.8 89 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 3,402 20.7 84 3,202 13.7 84 6,495 33.2 107 8,815 40.8 105 ML209 18,929 18.8 96 17,853 16.4 100 29,773 30.3 97 37,381 35.9 92 Victoria ML total 355,824 21.6 110 330,289 16.9 97 Australia 19.6 100 16.4 100 Source: Australia Medicare Local Data 2011, PHIDU 38: 0-74 – 2007-8 Avoidable deaths 0-74 yrs: Colorectal cancer Avoidable deaths 0-74 yrs: Lung cancer Avoidable deaths 0-74 yrs: Cancer SLA Number Average annual rate per 100,000 Number Average annual rate per 100,000 Number Average annual rate per 100,000 Frankston (C) - East 23 15.7 39 27.4 111 74.3 Frankston (C) - West 48 12.0 100 24.8 286 71.9 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 17 9.9 42 24.7 109 63.8 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 33 8.8 87 22.6 238 65.5 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 25 8.2 61 19.7 169 56.0 ML209 146 10.4 329 23.3 74.3 Victoria ML total 10,487 10.9 20,534 21.4 59,476 62.0 Australia 2,693 11.3 4,916 20.6 59,476 62.0
39: – 2007-8 Males with mental and behavioural problems (synthetic projection) Males with mood (affective) problems (synthetic prediction) Females with mental and behavioural problems (synthetic projection) Females with mood (affective) problems (synthetic prediction) High or very high psychological distress (synthetic prediction) persons aged 18 yrs or over Number Rate per 100 Number Rate per 100 Number Rate per 100 Number Rate per 100 Number Rate per 100 Frankston (C) - East 2,207 9.6 2,207 9.6 2,705 11.6 2,705 11.6 4,071 11.9 Frankston (C) - West 4,175 11.1 4,175 11.1 5,133 12.9 5,133 12.9 7,947 13.1 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 1,942 10.0 1,942 10.0 2,279 12.0 2,279 12.0 3,407 11.8 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 2,666 11.4 2,666 11.4 3,149 12.7 3,149 12.7 5,040 13.0 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 2,475 9.4 2,475 9.4 3,238 11.4 3,238 11.4 4,398 10.5 ML 209 13,466 10.4 13,466 10.4 16,504 12.2 16,504 12.2 24,864 12.2 Victoria ML total 159,807 6.0 315,687 11.6 227,149 8.4 934,903 17.2 496,473 12.0 Australia 1,055,826 10.1 631,987 6.0 1,253,930 11.8 899,328 8.5 1,891,727 11.7
43: SLA FMP Residential aged care - high level care places High-level residential care places per 1,000 population aged 70 years and over Residential aged care - low level care places Low-level residential care places per 1,000 population aged 70 years and over Residential aged care - total places Total residential care places per 1,000 population aged 70 years and over Number of community care places Population aged 70 years and over Rate per 1,000 population in community care Frankston (C) - East 150 54.0 72 26.0 222 80.2 0 2,767 0.0 Frankston (C) - West 333 36.0 363 39.1 696 74.9 559 9,294 60.1 Mornington P'sula (S) - East 95 26.0 80 22.1 175 48.4 0 3,619 0.0 Mornington P'sula (S) - South 242 23.0 508 48.2 750 71.2 0 10,532 0.0 Mornington P'sula (S) - West 424 56.0 292 38.3 716 93.9 60 7,623 7.9 Frankston - Mornington Peninsula 1,244 37.0 1,315 38.9 2,559 75.6 619 33,835 18.3 Victoria 22,920 42.0 24,907 46.3 47,291 88.0 12,640 537,449 23.5 Bayide ML 2,777 45.0 2,875 46.6 5,651 91.6 1,160 61,668 18.8 Source: Australia Medicare Local Data 2011, PHIDU