Made of pixels Represents and edits photo and photo-like elements better than vector programs with the use of continuous tones. The use of different color pixels allows for smooth blends of colors. Disadvantages Is bound by the number of pixels in the image. It cannot be scaled up without losing quality. Large dimensions & detailed images equal large file size. Some service providers like engravers, stencil-cut signs, etc, must have vector art. It is more difficult to print raster images using a limited amount of spot colors. Depending on the complexity of the image, conversion to vector may be time consuming. Made of mathematical calculations that form objects and Can be scaled to any size without losing quality. Resolution-independent: Can be printed at any size/resolution. Number of colors can be easily increased or reduced to adjust printing budget. A large dimension vector graphic can maintain a small file size. Vector art is required by many service providers. Can be easily converted to raster. Disadvantages It is not the best format for photographs or photo-like elements with blends of color. Vektorization
Vector File Formats Notes .ai Illustrator Document Native format of Adobe Illustrator (based on .eps) .eps Encapsulated Postscript Industry standard for including vector graphics in print .ps PostScript Vector based printing language, used by many Laser printers, used as electronic paper for
scientific purposes. .pdf Portable Document Format Modernized version of ps, adopted by the general public as 'electronic print version' .svg Scalable Vector Graphics XML based W3C standard, incorporating animation, gaining adoption. .swf Shockwave Flash Binary vector format, with animation and sound, supported by most major web browsers.
corrections. Different cameras use different extensions, many of them derivatives of TIFF, examples are .nef, .raf and .crw .dgn Digital Negative A subset/clarification of TIFF, created by Adobe to provide a standard for storing RAW files, as well as exchanging RAW image data between applications. .tiff, .tif Tagged Image File Format .psd Photoshop Document Native format of Adobe Photoshop, allows layers and other structural elements .xcf Gimp Project File GIMP's native image format. Reality and usage
The specifies the particular rules for building valid geometries, the legal representations of geometries in both ASCII and binary form, and a set of basic functions for constructing, inspecting, measuring and manipulating geometries. Simple Features (officially Simple Feature Access) is both: an (OGC); an (ISO) standard ISO that specifies a common storage model of mostly (point, line, polygon, multi-point, multi-line, etc.) The ISO 19125 standard comes in two parts. Part one, ISO 19125-1 (SFA-CA for "common architecture"), defines a model for two-dimensional simple features, with linear interpolation between vertices. The data model defined in SFA-CA is a hierarchy of . This part also defines representation using (and Binary). Part 2 of the standard, ISO 19125-2 (SFA-SQL), defines an implementation using . The OpenGIS standard(s) cover implementations in and / as well, although these have lagged behind the SQL one and are not standardized by ISO. The ISO/IEC extends the Simple Features data model mainly with circular interpolations (e.g. ) and adds other features like coordinate transformations and methods for validating geometries as well as support. Standartu dokumenti 1. ISO/IEC: ISO SQL/MM part 3 2. OpenGIS: , current version 1.2.1 , current version 1.2.1, formerly OpenGIS Simple Features [Implementation Specification] for SQL , current version 1.0 , current version 1.1