26 Building penetration loss Lb and standard deviation b Frequency (MHz) 65 100 200 Mean building penetration loss Lb (dB) 8 9 9 Standard deviation of the building penetration loss b (dB) 3 3 3 3.6 Allowance for man-made noise The allowance for man-made noise, MMN (dB), takes into account the effect of man-made noise received by the antenna on the system performance. The system equivalent noise figure Fs (dB) to be used for coverage calculations is calculated from the receiver noise figure Fr (dB) and MMN (dB). Recommendation ITU-R P.372-8 the legal values to calculate the allowance of man-made noise in different areas and frequencies with the definitions of the antenna noise figure, its mean values Fa,med and the values of decile variations (10% and 90%) measured in different regions. For all reception modes the residential area (Curve B) is assumed. Taking into account a receiver noise figure Fr of 7 dB for DRM, the MMN can be computed for fixed, portable and mobile reception. The results are shown in Table 27. TABLE 27 Allowance for man-made for fixed, portable and mobile reception Frequency (MHz) 65 100 200 Allowance for man-made noise (dB) for fixed (FX), portable (PO, PI) and mobile (MO) reception (Fr = 7 dB) 15.38 10.43 3.62 The of the decile location variations (10% and 90%) in residential area is given by 5.8 dB. Therefore the standard deviation of MMN for fixed, portable and mobile reception σMMN = 4.53 dB, see Table 28. TABLE 28 Standard deviation of MMN σMMN for fixed, portable and mobile reception Frequency (MHz) 65 100 200 Standard deviation of MMN σMMN (dB) for fixed (FX), portable (PO, PI) and mobile (MO) reception 4.53 4.53 4.53 Due to a very low antenna gain for portable handheld reception the MMN for this reception mode is negligible and therefore assumed to be 0 (dB), see 29.
TABLE 29 Allowance for man-made for portable handheld reception Frequency (MHz) 65 100 200 Allowance for man-made noise (dB) for portable handheld reception (PO-H, PI-H) 0 0 0 3.7 Implementation loss factor Implementation loss of the non-ideal receiver is considered in the calculation of the minimum receiver input power level with an additional implementation loss factor Li of 3 dB, see Table 30. 30 Implementation loss factor Li Frequency (MHz) 65 100 200 Implementation loss factor Li (dB) 3 3 3 3.8 Correction factors for location variability The field-strength level E(p) (dB(μV/m)), used for coverage and interference predictions in the different reception modes, which will be exceeded for p (%) of locations for a land receiving/mobile antenna location, is given by: E(p) (dB(μV/m)) = Emed (dB(μV/m)) + Cl (p) (dB) for 50% ≤ p ≤ 99% (1) where: Cl(p): location correction factor Emed (dB(μV/m)): field-strength value for 50% of locations and 50% of time. The location correction factor Cl(p) (dB) depends on the so-called combined standard deviation σc (dB) of the wanted field-strength level that sums the single standard deviations of all relevant signal parts that have to be taken into account and the so-called distribution factor μ(p), namely: Cl (p) (dB) = μ (p) · σc (dB) (2) 3.8.1 Distribution factor The distribution factors μ(p) of the different location probabilities taking into account the different receiving modes (see § are given in Table 31. TABLE 31 Distribution factor μ Percentage of receiving locations p (%) 70 95 99 Reception mode Fixed (FX) Portable (PO, PI, PO-H, PIH) Mobile (MO)
47 Basic protection ratios PRbasic for DRM interfered with by DRM Frequency offset (kHz) 0 ±100 ±200 DRM (4QAM, R = 1/3) PRbasic 4 −16 −40 DRM (16QAM, R = 1/2) PRbasic 10 −10 −34 48 Corresponding protection ratios PR(p) to reception modes for DRM (4QAM. R = 1/3) interfered with by DRM Reference frequency band 65 MHz VHF Band I Frequency offset (kHz) 0 ±100 ±200 reception (FX) PR(p) (dB) 6.64 −13.36 −37.36 Portable reception (PO, PI, PO-H, PI-H) PR(p) (dB) 12.27 −7.73 −31.73 Mobile reception (MO) PR(p) (dB) 13.40 −6.60 −30.60 TABLE 48 (end) Reference frequency band 100 MHz VHF Band II Frequency offset (kHz) 0 ±100 ±200 Fixed reception (FX) PR(p) (dB) 6.82 −13.18 −37.18 Portable reception (PO, PI, PO-H, PIH) PR(p) (dB) 12.84 −7.16 −31.16 Mobile reception (MO) PR(p) (dB) 14.20 −5.80 −29.80 Reference frequency band 200 MHz VHF Band III Frequency offset (kHz) 0 ±100 ±200 Fixed reception (FX) PR(p) (dB) 7.11 −12.89 −36.89 Portable reception (PO, PI, PO-H, PIH) PR(p) (dB) 13.75 −6.25 −30.25 Mobile reception (MO) PR(p) (dB) 15.49 −4.51 −28.51 TABLE 49 Corresponding protection ratios PR(p) to reception modes for DRM (16QAM. R = 1/2) interfered with by DRM Reference frequency band 65 MHz VHF Band I