considering further the need to assist developing countries in using satellite telecommunications to enable sustainable and affordable access to information and telecommunication services, recognizing a) that the introduction of competition into the international satellite telecommunication sector has led to an increase in the availability of diverse and innovative international telecommunication services in both developed and developing countries, including the availability of essential public services such as disaster relief and e-government; b) the growing availability of mobile and fixed broadband communications in the developing world and the innovative and economically beneficial uses to which they are being put; c) that governments and international and regional intergovernmental organizations are fostering innovation, affordability and broader availability of satellite services through ITU registration and deployment of their own satellite systems; d) that broadband technologies, as a means of supporting vital telecommunication applications, should be to everyone without discrimination; e) that broadband satellite technologies contribute to reducing the digital (broadband) divide through the provision of telecommunication services, and that the expansion of broadband satellite services is generating growth in the developing countries through e-applications, such as ehealth, e-learning, e-government, teleworking and residential and community Internet access, which can be used as a rapid and efficient tool for achieving each country’s ICT policy objectives; f) that efficient use of the orbital resource and associated frequency spectrum helps both to ensure global coverage and to connect countries directly, instantly and reliably at an affordable price, reaffirms a) the important role played by international public telecommunication services by satellite in ensuring fulfilment of the MDGs;
RESOLUTION 67 (WRC12) Updating and rearrangement of the Regulations The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2012), considering a) that the radio spectrum is a finite resource, and there is continuing evolution and demand for frequency requirements and an increasing multiplicity of radiocommunication applications; b) that the Radio Regulations are founded on the principles outlined in their Preamble; c) that subsequent to the ITU reorganization at APP92, several attempts have been made to review, simplify and update the Radio Regulations; d) that the majority of agenda for past WRCs concern frequency allocations, currently contained in Article 5 and associated regulations; e) that regulatory procedures should be continually assessed in order to meet the demands of administrations, recognizing a) that the rights of administrations to deploy, operate and protect services should be the guiding principle, without affecting other administrations; b) that the studies for review to simplify the Radio Regulations may take more than one study cycle, noting a) that one of the purposes of the Radio Regulations is the effective management and use of spectrum;
RESOLUTION 80 (Rev.WRC-07) Due diligence in applying the principles embodied in the Constitution The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007), considering a) that Articles 12 and 44 of the Constitution lay down the principles for the use of the radio-frequency spectrum and the and other satellite orbits; b) that those principles have been included in the Radio Regulations; c) that Article I of the Agreement between the United Nations and the International Telecommunication provides that “the United Nations recognizes the International Telecommunication Union (hereinafter called “the Union”) as the specialized agency responsible for taking such action as may be appropriate under its basic instrument for the accomplishment of the purposes set forth therein”; d) that, in accordance with Nos. 11.30, 11.31 and 11.31.2, notices shall be examined with respect to the provisions of the Radio Regulations, including the provision relating to the basic principles, appropriate rules of procedure being developed for the purpose; e) that WRC-97 instructed the Radio Regulations Board (RRB) to develop, within the framework of Nos. 11.30, 11.31 and 11.31.2, rules of procedure to be followed in order to be in compliance with the principles in No. 0.3 of the Preamble to the Radio Regulations; f) that the Board, in accordance with Resolution 80 (WRC-97), submitted a report to WRC-2000 suggesting possible solutions and stating that, after examining the Radio Regulations, it had concluded that there are no provisions currently in the Radio Regulations that link the formal notification or coordination procedures with the principles stated in No. 0.3 of the Preamble to the Radio Regulations; g) that the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space of the United Nations General Assembly has drawn up recommendations in this respect,
applications, and these applications have triggered a rapid rise in the demand for this frequency range; b) that, in ITU Region 3, the spectrum allocated to the unplanned FSS in the Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth directions in the 10-15 GHz band is 750 MHz and 1.05 GHz, respectively; c) that, in ITU Region 2, the spectrum allocated to the unplanned FSS in the Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth directions in the 10-15 GHz band is 750 MHz and 1.0 GHz, respectively; d) that WRC12 adopted to consider possible additional primary allocations to the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space) of 250 MHz in Region 2 and 300 MHz in Region 3; e) that, in ITU Region 1, the spectrum allocated to the unplanned FSS in the Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth directions in the 10-15 GHz band is 750 MHz and 750 MHz, respectively; f) that the existing difference of capacity in ITU Regions 2 and 3 and in ITU Region 1 will increase after implementation of considering d) and create an imbalance among these Regions, thus restricting satellite operators in different ITU Regions from fully and effectively utilizing the limited frequency resource to cope with the increasing spectrum demand in considering a); g) that there is a need to resolve the shortage of spectrum in Region 1 and Regions 2 and 3 in considering b) to e), such that the rapid growth of spectrum demand in considering a) could be met and the limited spectrum resources could be used in an efficient and economical way in accordance with the principle of Article 44 of the ITU Constitution; h) that frequency allocation should, wherever possible, allocate frequency bands on a worldwide basis (aligned services, categories of service and frequency band limits), taking into account safety, technical, operational, economic and other relevant factors, recognizing a) that studies will be required in order to develop regulatory changes, including additional allocations to the fixed-satellite service, to meet the growing spectrum requirements;
4 to work with participating countries of the system and ITU to resolve reported of interference to the Cospas-Sarsat system; 5 to participate actively in the studies by submitting contributions to ITUR. RESOLUTION 232 (WRC12) Use of the frequency band 694-790 MHz by the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service in Region 1 and related studies The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2012), considering a) that IMT systems are intended to provide telecommunication services on a worldwide regardless of location, network or terminal used; b) that some administrations are planning to use the band MHz, or part of that band, for IMT; c) that the frequency band 470-806/862 MHz is allocated to the broadcasting service on a primary basis in all three Regions and used predominantly by this service, and that the GE06 Agreement applies in all Region 1 countries, except Mongolia, and in the Islamic Republic of Iran in Region 3; d) that the band 645-862 MHz is allocated on a primary basis to the aeronautical radionavigation service in the countries listed in No. 5.312; e) that cellular mobile systems in the three Regions in the bands below 1 GHz operate using various channelling arrangements; f) that cost considerations warrant the installation of fewer base stations, such as in rural and/or sparsely populated areas, bands below 1 GHz are generally suitable for implementing mobile systems including IMT; 862
countries have deployments of applications ancillary to broadcasting operating on a secondary basis, which provide tools for the daily content production for the broadcast service; d) that the GE06 Agreement contains provisions for the terrestrial broadcasting service and other primary terrestrial services, a Plan for digital television, and a list of stations of other primary terrestrial services; e) that the time-frame and transition period for the analogue to digital television switchover may not be the same for all countries; f) that there is a need for countries to assess the consequences of a new allocation for the mobile service below 790 MHz on the equitable access to spectrum in the GE06 Plan, resolves 1 to allocate the frequency band 694-790 MHz in Region 1 to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a co-primary basis with other services to which this band is allocated on a primary basis and to identify it for IMT; 2 that the allocation in resolves 1 is effective immediately after WRC15; 3 that use of the allocation in resolves 1 is subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21 with respect to the aeronautical radionavigation service in countries listed in No. 5.312; 4 that the lower edge of the allocation is subject to refinement at WRC15, taking into account the ITU-R studies referred to in invites ITU-R below and the needs of countries in Region 1, in particular developing countries; 5 that WRC15 will specify the technical and regulatory conditions applicable to the mobile service allocation referred to in resolves 1, taking into account the ITU-R studies referred to in invites ITU-R below, invites ITU-R 1 to study the spectrum requirement for the mobile service and for the broadcasting service in this frequency band, in order to determine as early as possible the options for the lower edge referred to in resolves 4;
order to give the automotive industry as well as the components industry the confidence to make substantial investment in SRR technology; e) that the frequency bands 76-77.5 GHz and 78-81 GHz are already allocated to the radiolocation service on a primary basis in all three ITU Regions; f) that the 77-81 GHz frequency band to be the most suitable band for SRR, since 76-77 GHz is designated for long-range automotive radars in many countries and sharing studies have concluded that sharing is not achievable between short-range and long-range automotive radars; g) that the frequency band 77-81 GHz is already designated for SRR in many countries worldwide; h) that the frequency band 77.5-78 GHz is allocated to the amateur and amateur-satellite services on a primary basis and to the radio astronomy service (RAS) and space research (space-to-Earth) service on a secondary basis; i) that the aggregate effect of the automotive SRR must be considered; j) that the 76-77.5 GHz and 79-81 GHz bands are allocated to the RAS on a primary basis, and the 77.5-79 GHz band is allocated to the RAS on a secondary basis; k) that the 76-77.5 GHz and 78-81 GHz bands are allocated to the amateur, amateur-satellite and space research (space-to-Earth) services on a secondary basis; l) that sharing with the radio astronomy service has been studied in some countries concluding that SRR operating in the vicinity of radio astronomy stations may cause interference to those stations, but that regulatory measures could be identified enabling coexistence between SRR and the radio astronomy service in the frequency band 77-81 GHz, which is dependent on the aggregated impact of SRR devices transmitting in the direction of a radio astronomy station; m) that Resolution ITUR 541 for studies to achieve harmonization for SRDs,
d) that the improvement of the coordination process in the 6/4 GHz and 14/10/11/12 GHz frequency also depends on the technical criteria used in the application of No. 9.41; e) that the frequency bands where the current ΔT/T criterion is used in application of No. 9.41 for coordination sought under No. 9.7 are listed in Table 51 to Appendix 5 of the Radio Regulations; f) that there may be other criteria (e.g. C/I, pfd) that could be used for the identification of affected administrations and in the coordination process, resolves to invite ITUR 1 to carry out studies to examine the effectiveness and appropriateness of the current criterion (ΔT/T > 6%) used in the application of No. 9.41 and consider any other possible alternatives (including the alternatives outlined in Annexes 1 and 2 to this Resolution), as appropriate, for the bands referred to in recognizing e); 2 to study whether additional reductions in the coordination arcs in RR Appendix 5 (Rev.WRC12) are appropriate for the 6/4 GHz and 14/10/11/12 GHz frequency bands, and whether it is appropriate to reduce the coordination arc in the 30/20 GHz band, instructs the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau to include in his Report, for consideration by WRC15: – the results of the ITUR studies referred to in resolves 1 and 2 above; – statistics on the use of No. 9.41 in respect of coordination under No. 9.7 for the bands identified in recognizing d).
RESOLUTION 757 (WRC12) Regulatory aspects for nanosatellites and picosatellites The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2012), considering a) that nanosatellites and picosatellites, commonly described as ranging in mass from 0.1 to 10 kg and measuring less than 0.5 m in any linear dimension, have physical characteristics that differ from those of larger satellites; b) that nanosatellites and picosatellites are satellites typically have a short (1-2 years) development time and are low cost, often using components; c) that the operational lifetime of these satellites ranges from several weeks up to a few (< 5) years depending on their mission; d) that nanosatellites and picosatellites are being used for a wide variety of missions and applications, including remote sensing, space weather research, upper atmosphere research, astronomy, communications, technology demonstration and education, as well as commercial applications, and therefore may operate under various radiocommunication services; e) that these satellites are typically launched as secondary payloads; f) that some missions performed with these satellites require the simultaneous launch and operation of several such satellites; g) that, currently, many nanosatellites and picosatellites use spectrum allocated to the amateur satellite service and the MetSat service in the frequency range 30-3 000 MHz although their missions are potentially inconsistent with these services; h) that nanosatellites and picosatellites may have limited orbit control capabilities and therefore have unique orbital characteristics; i) that the standing Agenda item 7 of WRCs has up to now not led to
RESOLUTION 909 (WRC12) Provisions relating to stations located on board vessels which operate in fixed-satellite service networks in the uplink bands 5 925-6 425 MHz and 14-14.5 GHz The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2012), considering a) that introduced provisions relating to the use of earth stations on board vessels (ESVs) in certain bands allocated to the fixed-satellite service (FSS); b) that the technology used by ESVs has advanced considerably since their introduction, including the use of spread-spectrum modulation and other techniques which may improve compatibility with terrestrial services; c) that ESV applications can provide high-bandwidth connectivity in where no alternative exists; d) that ESVs may have the potential to unacceptable interference to terrestrial services operating in the same bands; e) that earlier ITUR studies, using technical criteria appropriate at the time, resulted in a set of limitations on the operation of ESVs contained in Resolution 902 (WRC03), in order to protect terrestrial services operating in the same bands; f) that these limitations and restrictions need to be reviewed in light of the new technologies being deployed; g) that there are situations where there is no potential for unacceptable interference but current rules still require that an agreement be obtained from concerned administrations, recognizing a) that there are several other services than FSS to which the frequency bands 5 925-6 425 MHz and 14-14.5 GHz are allocated; b) that these other services need to be protected,