EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Ministry of Water, Environment and Climate is implementing the HSBC that is funded by the GEF through the World Bank. The HSBC project consists of four subprojects that are implemented through four implementing partners which are coordinated by WWF. The four implementing agents and their respective subprojects are EMA (land degradation), CAMPFIRE (livelihoods), Forestry Commission (Climate Change) and PWMA (Biodiversity). The project triggered the following Bank environment and social safeguards policies O.P 4.01 – Environmental Assessment Policy. O.P 4.04 – Natural habitat. O.P 4.36 – Forests Protection. O.P 4.11- Physical Cultural Resource. O.P 4.12 – Involuntary Resettlement. O.P 4.10 – Indigenous Peoples. An ESMF was developed to comply with the OP 4.01, 4.04 and 4.36 while an PF was developed to address the requirements of O.P 4.12. This IPPF addresses the requirements of OP 4.10.
Duration: The parameter reveals whether the impact is short term or long term, intermittent or continuous. Permanence: This whether the impact is reversible of it is irreversible. Likelihood: This tells us the probability of the impact occurring. Significance: This tells the value that the affected stakeholders put on the aspect affected. Table 6.1 Analysis of the HSBC impacts on IP. Impact Nature Magnitude and extent Timing and duration Permanence Likelihood and significance Adequate game supply reducing competition for water with the community at water points. Positive. High intensity. Directly benefits the community. Occurs in the Operation phase. Immediate and long-term impact. Permanent. Definite. Highly significant. Reduced poaching thereby reducing conflict with law enforcement. Positive. High intensity. Localized within HNP and the surrounding sinks. Occurs continuously in all phases. Immediate and long-term impact. Permanent and reversible if slackened. Definite and highly significant. Reduced fires increase capacity of forest to support livelihoods eg Positive. High intensity. Localized within buffer areas. Occurs continuously in all phases. Futurist. Permanent and reversible if slackened. Definite. Highly significant.
wild fruits and mushroom. Improved Park management creates potential for IP participation. Positive. High magnitude. Localized to HNP and buffer Implementation phase. Futurist. Permanent. Definite. Highly. Significant. Institutional capacity strengthening, eg registration of IP NGOs Positive. High intensity. Directly benefits PWMA and surrounding communities. Occurs in the operation Permanent. Definite and highly significant. Reduced wildlife conflicts due to water availability in the park and improved management options within the communities. Positive. High magnitude. Localized to participating project areas. Occurs in the implementation phase. Permanent. Definite. Highly. Significant. Improved livelihoods from safari hunting project activities. Positive. High intensity. Impact is localized to participating areas. Occurs continuously in all implementation phase. Permanent and reversible if slackened. Definite. Highly significant considering the poverty status of the community.
Improved knowledge of Human wildlife conflict management. Positive. High intensity. Can be shared across the corridor. Occurs in the Operation phase. Immediate and long-term impact. Permanent and irreversible. Definite. Highly significant considering importance to carrying capacity. Negative Environmental Impacts Restriction of access to protected areas. Negative. Directly affects neighboring communities. Occurs continuously in all project phases. Permanent and irreversible. Definite. Highly significant considering the livelihoods. Depletion of groundwater resources. Negative Directly affects the catchment and aquifers. Gradually occurs in the operation phase. Permanent and reversible in the long run. Moderate probability considering the recharge and low rainfall pattern. High significance considering that water availability is critical in the project. Depletion of game stock due to increased hunting quotas. Negative Directly affects the source of wildlife. Occurs intermittently in the operation phase. Temporal and reversible. Low probability considering source capacity. Low
Resultant significance 5 5 25 Impact 5 Institutional capacity strengthening, eg registration of IP NGOs Predicted significance 4 5 20 Enhancement required Include indigenous knowledge systems in park and forest management. Capacitate local NGOs to fully participate the implementation of the IPPF. Residual significance 5 5 25 Impact 6 Reduced human wildlife conflicts due to water availability in the park and improved management options within the communities. Predicted significance 4 5 20 Enhancement required Fire management. Minimize tree cutting for firewood. Establish and official firewood sales through CAMPFIRE activities. Control timber harvesting. Maintain sustainable game population. Implement the PA control mechanisms fully in piloted areas. Residual significance 5 5 25 Impact 7 Improved livelihoods from safari hunting project activities. Predicted significance 3 5 15 Enhancement required Ensure transparency in the management of CAMPFIRE revenues by responsible committees. Institute a quarter system for the IP to fully participate in the committees. Assist the IP to increase their numbers at points of benefiting eg school. Residual significance 5 5 25