most isolated and disadvantaged indigenous tribal groups with noticeable reduction in their population. Malnutrition, Malaria and dysentery are rampant in PTGs villages and the access of these communities to the social welfare programmes remains limited. The tribals normally live in contiguous areas unlike other communities. Their lives are closely associated with the nature as they eke out their livelihoods from the natural environ – streams, trees, plants, animals etc. It is, therefore, recognized that maintaining their identities would invariably mean keeping their environment intact with them. Given the contiguous inhabitations, it also becomes simpler to have an area approach for development activities and also regulatory provisions to protect their interests. In order to protect the interests of the Scheduled tribes, the provision of “Fifth Schedule” is enshrined in the Constitution under article 244 (2). Out of 259 blocks in the of Jharkhand, 111 fall under the Fifth Schedule areas (spread across 15 districts out of 24 districts) Administrative The consists of 5 Administrative Divisions namely: Administrative No. of Units Districts 24 Sub-Division 36 Developmental Blocks 259 Panchayats 4,423 Villages 32,615 Towns 149 Corporations 3 Parshad/Nagar Panchayat 37 Source: Census of India, 2011 South Chhotanagpur comprising 5 districts - Ranchi, Khunti, Simdega, Gumla and Lohardaga. North Chhotanagpur comprising 7 districts - Hazaribagh, Ramgarh, Chatra, Koderma, Giridih, Bokaro and Dhanbad. Kolhan comprising 3 districts - East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and Saraikela-Kharsawan. Palamu comprising 3 districts - Palamu, Garhwa and Latehar. Santhal Parganas comprising 6 districts - Sahebganj, Pakur, Jamtara, Deoghar, Dumka and Godda.
Kali Puja (Diwali), Holi Gadhwa Magh Puja, Karma Puja Puja, Makar Sankranti, Durga Puja, Kali Puja (Diwali), Holi Eid, Bakri-Eid, Muharram, Shabe-barat Good Friday, Christmas Janmashtami, Navratri Khunti Tusu, Sarhul, Sohrai, Karma Puja, Faguh, Juitia Makar Sankranti, Durga Puja, Kali Puja (Diwali), Holi Good Friday, Christmas Saraswati puja Tusu, Sarhul, Sohrai, Karma Puja Sankranti, Durga Puja, Kali Puja (Diwali), Holi Chath Puja, Visvakarma Puja Eid, Bakri-Eid, Muharram Manasa Puja, Shiv ratri, ganesh puja Key Assumptions and Perceptions of Primary Stakeholders related to drinking sanitation, drainage and hygiene Primary Stakeholders Assumptions and Perceptions Drinking Water Sanitation Rural Community Water from well and some do not taste good. Iron / chemical contamination is prevalent Government do not take care of the adequately A lot of time is invested in collecting water every day. The burden is on women as they are the ones who collect water In summers, hand-pumps dry up Piped-water is safe to drink People are habituated to open defecation. They feel uncomfortable in closed toilet Women cannot go out during the day-time; they have to wait till it is dark. There are threats of insects and animals Cleaning toilets after use is a major problem. They need to collect and store more water Drainage system is a big problem in the overall cleanliness of the village
IEC Implementation Plan for Safe Environmental Sanitation and Home Hygiene STRATEGY PARTICIPANTS/ GROUPS MESSAGES CHANNELS COMMUNICATION MATERIALS M & E INDICATORS ADVOCACY Political and Religious Leaders at regional and community levels Understanding the importance of sanitation and information on government initiatives for total sanitation NBA programme; the different components of NBA importance of communication within the NBA, the challenges of implementation and solutions key stakeholders’ roles and responsibilities in implementation Sharing relevant sector and programme information to alliances/partnerships to bring in support for sanitation and hygiene programmes Individual meetings with senior leaders; Small group meetings with regional and local leaders (traditional Panchayats) Reinforcement materials Sensitisation workshop Field/exposure visits Seminars/ conferences Public private partnerships Pamphlets containing advantages of Interventions and social without them Testimonials from leaders of neighbouring states / districts Speaking points Number of times mentioned in public statements Number of meetings conducted by these leaders on this topic Number of interventions being implemented SOCIAL Inter-sectoral, and regional planners groups Community leaders, NGOs and CSOs Learn the role of inter-sectoral Correct knowledge of Sanitation: know the dangers of open defecation and need for correct hygiene practices understand and acknowledge the need for building, using, and maintaining a toilet. Correct knowledge of Hygiene practices: Inter-sectoral meetings Research reports Community meetings Field observation visits to “model” communities Demonstration sessions. Using mass media (TV, Radio, Newspapers) Using mobile media (SMS alerts Engaging the social Pamphlets. Reports: research as well as of “model” communities Agendas for community meetings Activity guide for Community meetings. Posters on how to the cycle of infection Posters re: hand washing Wall-writing, hoardings Number of meetings held Number of pamphlets posters produced, distributed and used Number of field visits Number of water, sanitation systems installed and used. Reduction in DD
Proposed Operational Plan / Implementation Schedule for IEC SN Strategy Activity Phases Person / Unit Responsible I Initial II Pre-Planning III Planning IV V 1 ADVOCACY Develop, Test, Distribute Fact Sheets Media Kit Visits Private Sector partnerships Process Strengthening Institutional capacities Seminars and Conferences advocacy package State Programme Management Unit Monitor 2 SOCIAL MOBILISATION Develop, Test, Implement Produce for community leaders Promote and implement participatory planning processes Mobile Media campaign Activate social networks Strengthen Gram Sabha meetings Public Service District Programme Monitoring Committee (DPMC)
Ratio of posts created and staffs appointed as per norms of NBA and NRDWP At least 1 graduate engineer is available for 1,00,000/- population At least 5 DWSM consultants in each district At least 2 BRCs at block level Proportion of habitations established as self sustainable management unit Proportion of habitations prioritized based on Region and caste Policies made in this regard by Government of Jharkhand Government orders issued Guidelines issued in this regard by Government of Jharkhand Circulation of these Policies, Government Orders and Guidelines to Districts and blocks Rapid assessment by selecting 20 household’s, two schools and two Panchayats in 20 Panchayats of 1/3 of the selected districts of Jharkhand. External agency Devolution of power to ZP and GPs for; Creation of infrastructure Maintenance of infrastructure Collection of user charges Proportion of are actively participating Proportion of VWSCs having One third women members Proportion of VWSCs has involvement of Schools and Anganwadis in VWSC Separation of Governance and Operations functions Appointment of social mobilization agency The agency has members Social mobilization