Question 14 All of the following drugs can cause hyperkalaemia EXCEPT? Your answer was correct A Methyldopa Correct Answer B Potassium supplement C Spironolactone D ACE inhibitor Explanation Question 15 Regarding allopurinol, which of the following is incorrect? Your answer was not correct A It should be avoided in patients with renal impairment Correct Answer B It can cuase an acute attack of gout C It inhibits the metabolism of anicoagulants D It is used as an antiprotzoal agent Your Answer Explanation Allopurinol is often the first urate lowering drug used. Its most rational indications are: chronic tophaceous gout, in patients whose 24 urinary uric acid exceeds 600-700mg, when probenocid and sulfinpyrazone
Pentamidine is an antirpotozoal drug. It interferes with nuclear metabolism. It can be toxic to the beta cells of the pancreas and cause diabetes. It is used as an agent for prophylaxis against pneumocystosis in immune compromised patients e.g. HIV patients Question 70 Which antibiotic is a cell wall inhibitor? Your answer was not correct A Erythromycin Your Answer B Streptomycin C Vancomycin Correct Answer D Gentamycin Explanation Cephalosporins and penicillins are also cell wall inhibitors Question 71 Regarding cephalosporins, which of the following options is incorrect? Your answer was not correct A Cefaclor is a second generation cephalosporin B 2nd generation cephalosporins have greater gram negative activity than first generation cephalosporins C ceftriaxone has anti-pseudomonal activity Correct Answer D Generally they have a wider spectrum of activity compared to pencillins due to beta-lactmase resistance Your
statements is correct? Your answer was correct A It has a half life of 5 hours B It is a precursor to dopamine Correct Answer C 25% of the oral dose reaches the brain D It causes a negative Coombs test. Explanation L-dpoa is an immediate precursor of dopamine. 1-3% enters the brain unaltered, but this number will be higher if given with dopa decarboxylase inhibitor. Concomitant administration of a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa) may reduce the daily requirement of levodopa by approximately 75%. L-dopa causes a positive Coombs test. L-dopa has a half life of between 1-3 hours. Question 146 Which of the following statements regarding carbamazepine is correct? Your answer was not correct A Overdose causes seizures. Correct Answer B It is an enzyme inhibitor C It metabolises to non-active metabolites. Your Answer D Sodium valproate increases carbamazepine clearance Explanation
A Causes miosis B Inhibits mast cells Your Answer C Readily enters the CNS D It has an onset 1-3mins after administration Correct Answer Explanation Ipratropiums onset of action is 1-3 min and has a duration of action of It blocks acetylcholine causing bronchodilitation. It does not cause miosis nor does it enter the CNS Question 197 Salbutamol may cause all the following except Your answer was correct A Hyperkalemia Correct Answer B Decreased PO2 initially C Skeletal muscle tremor D Weakness Explanation Salbutamol is used in the acute treatment of hyperkalemia. In children, following large a amount, salbutamol can produce severe vomiting. Question 198 All of the following drugs cause DIRECT bronchodilation EXCEPT