zilongwang/ReadingBank huggingface dataset:
diagram of common mode PHY Note: Diagram is so specific. Modify it more generally. Describe each Remove Buffer. MIMO will be discussed. Add schematic diagram for Sub 1GHz band and UWB band. Channelization Sub 1GHz band <Park> Proposed channelization Band Central freq (MHz) n No of channels Max Tx power (mW) fc=917+n 0,1,…,10 11 channels of 1 MHz 1 Japan-B fc=922+n 0,1,…,5 6 channels of 1 MHz 20 fc=921.5+n 0,1 2 channels of 1 MHz 250 Japan-D fc=928.7+n 0,1 2 channels of 500 kHz 1 Korea-A 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 12 channels of 200 kHz 3 mW Korea-B 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19, …, 32 20 channels of 200 kHz 10 mW <Park> <384r0> Band(MHz) Modulation Modulation Channel spacing (kHz) Data rate (kb/s) Sub-GHz Filtered 2FSK 1 200 50 </384r0> Note: Park will provide channel information based on Korea regulation. <369r1> Proposed channelization 2.4 GHz band Channelization of 2.4 GHz band Such frequency band ranges from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz, which is divided into 9 channels of 10 MHz. By regulation, the maximum transmit power at the input antenna is 1 W. The central frequencies are given by fc = 2410 MHz + 10n for n = 0, 1, ..., 8
10 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 DFT-S OFDM or OFDM The Parameters are given by is constant and to 15 KHz. Maximum FFT size M=1024 Sampling time Timing based on a common clock at 10
Modulation and coding scheme (MCS) Note: NICT’s proposal is so detail for PFD. Members will discuss depth of text for PFD. Modulation BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, GFSK, OOK, and 2PPM BPSK. Sub 1 GHz band GFSK, OFDM. 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz band BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM. UWB band OOK, 2PPM BPSK.
phyPMSamplingDurationOrig Integer Time required for actual measurement of originator node within Phase Difference measurement phase 1 in us phyPMTxSetupDurationOrig Integer Time required for transmitter settling of originator node within Phase Difference measurement phase 2 in us phyPMSamplingDurationRec Integer Time required for actual phase measurement of recipient node within Phase Difference measurement phase 2 in us phyPMInnerLoopRepetitions Integer 0x00-0xff Repetition count for inner Phase Difference measurement loop including phyPMTxSetupDurationOrig phyPMTxSetupDurationRec phyPMSamplingDurationOrig phyPMSamplingDurationRec phyPMOuterLoopRepetitions Integer 0x00-0xff Repetition for outer Phase Difference measurement loop, including an entire Phase Difference measurement procedure consisting of ((phyPMStopFreq – phyPMStartFreq)/phyPMStepFreq + 1) individual cycles. One cycle incorporates the following sequences: phyPMFreqSettleDuration phyPMTxSetupDurationOrig phyPMTxSetupDurationRec phyPMSamplingDurationOrig phyPMSamplingDurationRec Add the following entries to 71: Table 71—PHY PIB attributes Attribute Type Range Description phyPMDefaultTable Set of PM attributes, as defined in 71a – The current default Phase difference measurements attributes for this device in case the default ranging parameters shall be used. phyPMCapTable Set of PM capabilities, as defined in 71b – The relevant Phase difference measurement capabilities for this device phyPMNetworkTable Set of PM attributes, as defined in Table 71a - The Phase difference measurements attributes for this ranging network in case network based ranging parameters shall be used. phyPMDeviceTable Set of PM device entries, as - The Phase difference measurements attributes for a list of known ranging
Task ULP Meeting Wednesday 28 August 2013 7 pm PDT 7.00 PM Dial-in Numbers US: 866-398-2885 International: 719-457-6209 Access code: 348312 Attendees: Shahriar Emami Bob. Ed Callaway Frederik Beer Chunhui Zhu Youngsoo Kim Jinesh P Nair Kiran Bynam The chair called the meeting to order as per the schedule. Allan: Ready to take up any clarifications on previous conference call presentations. Steve had sent an e-mail with his comments on the presentations. There were further clarifications from Bob Heile. However since Steve is not here for the call, it is better to take it up in his presence. Bob: If there are no clarifications to the mail it is better to close the call and discuss further in the face to face meeting. Frederik Beer: Will MAC changes be allowed in TG4q? Bob Heile: Only to the extent of necessary changes to support the PHY. The PHY should be approved to get the associated MAC accepted. Beyond that there is no scope. Shahriar: If there are no further comments let us meet in China where the plan is to complete the TGD and issue a call for proposals.
In section 9(3) of the Principal Act, for "subsection (1)(b)" substitute "subsection (1)". 11 Constitution of Board In section 14 of the Principal Act— paragraph (c), for "Department of Human Services" substitute "Department of Health and Human Services"; paragraph (d), for "Department of Education and Early Childhood Development" substitute "Department of Education and Training"; paragraph (e), for "Department of Justice" substitute "Department of Justice and Regulation"; (f) is repealed. 12 Early notification of births In section 43(1)(c) of the Principal Act, for "Department of Education and Early Childhood Development" substitute "Department of Education and Training". 13 What must be done once notice is received? In section 45(b) of the Principal Act, for "Department of Education and Early Childhood Development" substitute "Department of Education and Training".
A maximum contention-free quadratic permutation interleaver is defined as Short length interleaver: Long length interleaver: where i=0,1,…,NI-1. NI is the length of interleaver. Elements of codewords (ci for i=0,1,…,n-1) are interleaved in blocks of NI bits as c∏(j) for j=0,1,…,NI-1. 6.9 Scrambling A scrambler is used to the data spectrum and to randomize data across users in order to reduce interference. A Gold code generator of length 63 is proposed as scrambler. Such PN sequence with period 263 appears truly random even for long packets. Moreover, different initialization seeds enable a different Gold code per user with low correlation respect to other user using a different seed. The Gold code generator outputs si for i=0,1,…,263-1, which is used to scramble the interleaved codeword bits ci for i=0,1,…,n-1 prior to the modulation mapper as The shift registers initialization at the start of a packet is given by User ID (1st register) and group ID (2nd register). Fast forward both shift registers 100 times to reduce PAPR. 6.10 Discovery
Municipal Administration Leak Detection Garbage Collection System Structure Monitoring Bridge Monitoring Tunnel Monitoring Building Monitoring Irrigation Optimization Park Management Smart Agriculture CEMS, BEMS, HEMS (City, Building, Home Energy Management Systems) Sustainable Subsistence System Characteristics of use cases/applications Characteristics used in describing the use cases include: Data flows Topologies Routing strategies Management Communications domains Latency vs. QoS vs. reliability Power saving Routing strategies to be focused on include: Proactive Reactive Context of the network topology: Mesh in particular
Mesh Broadcast Data Delivery The proposal shall enable MAC-layer broadcast or multicast data delivery across the L2R network Mesh Unicast Data Delivery The proposal shall enable MAC-layer unicast data delivery across the L2R network Route discovery The proposal shall support at least one technique for route discovery. The technique supported may be proactive or reactive in nature The proposal may allow a mix of reactive and proactive route discovery techniques to be present in the network. It should be possible for the route discovery or route maintenance process to optimize the path of a route based on a metric or combination of metrics. If appropriate, it should be possible to use the data flow over a route as part of the maintenance process for that route. Memory usage The proposal shall allow the amount of memory per node used for routing to be configured, in order to allow a mix of devices with different memory sizes to be present in the network. The proposal may use different techniques within the same network to provide routing decisions when the amount of memory available at some nodes is at a premium. The proposal should provide methods to optimize the use of memory dedicated to routing by promoting re-use. It should be possible to remove routes and reuse the memory based on a number of factors such as amount of available memory, amount of traffic using a route, lifetime, and priority. It should be possible to protect and maintain particular routes while others are allowed to be removed. Mesh Network Size The proposal shall support 1000-10000 devices in the L2R network. [really a performance parameter may be better in section 6] Deployment architecture It should be possible to operate as a self contained network, without connection to the internet or external network A self-contained network should offer similar levels of security to that provided when connected to an external network.
Use case/application 2 - City - Street Lighting/Parking/Meters… A smart city is considered as one which improves the quality of life of people by leveraging modern communication infrastructure and sustainable economic development. Wireless sensor networks are considered a specific technology to help to create smart cities. Smart City use cases include: Traffic System Traffic Signal Control Parking Guidance System Street Light Control Real Time Traffic Messaging (board or in car) Environment Monitoring Pollution Monitoring Mapping Disaster Notification Municipal Administration Water Leak Detection Garbage Collection System Structure Monitoring Bridge Monitoring Tunnel Monitoring Building Monitoring Irrigation Optimization Park Management Agriculture CEMS, BEMS, HEMS (City, Building, Home Energy Management Systems) Sustainable Subsistence System Smart Lighting
maintaining copies of records relating to a prescribed animal is in an electronic format. 47 Maintenance of records if licence holder ceases to provide animal registry service (1) If a licence holder intends to cease providing an animal registry service in respect of prescribed animals, the holder must, before ceasing to provide the service and relinquishing the relevant animal registry licence— into a written agreement with a person for that person to continue to provide the service in respect of those animals, that complies with the requirements of regulation 35 in relation to each prescribed animal; or to the Secretary in electronic format record in relation to the animals in respect of which the holder provides that service. Penalty: 5 penalty (2) If a licence holder is unable to continue to provide an animal registry service in respect of prescribed animals due to the holder's incapacity or death, the holder's guardian or the personal representative of the holder's estate (as the case may be) must as soon as practicable— into a written agreement with a person for that person to continue to provide the service in respect of those animals, that
Table of Applied, Adopted or Incorporated Matter The following table of applied, adopted or incorporated matter is included in accordance with the requirements of regulation 5 of the Subordinate Legislation Regulations 2014. Statutory rule provision of applied, adopted or incorporated document Matter in applied, adopted or incorporated document Regulation 5, definition of AS 5018-2001, definition of reader AS 5018-2001 Electronic animal coding scheme as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole Regulation 5, definition of AS 5019-2001, definition of reader AS 5019-2001 Electronic animal methods as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole Regulation 14(a)(ii) AS 5019-2001 Electronic animal methods as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole Regulation 14(a)(iii)(A) AS 5018-2001 Electronic animal coding scheme as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole
Period in which licence cancelled Formula for determining compensation Initial election period An amount (A) = $385 000 + (3×T) Election period commencing 1 April 2016 An amount (B) = A × 9/10 Election period commencing 1 April 2017 An amount (C) = B × 9/10 Election period commencing 1 April 2018 An amount (D) = C × 9/10 Election period commencing 1 April 2019 An amount (E) = D × 9/10 Election period commencing 1 April 2020 An amount (F) = E × 9/10 After 1 April 2021 An amount (G) = F × 9/10 the purposes of subclause (1), the annual average catch value taken under a licence over the survey period (T) is determined as follows— each species specified in column 1 of Table 2— (i) the total catch, in kilograms, of that species is determined based on the catch history of the licence over the survey period indicated in the records held by the Secretary; and
prescribed permanent identification device that— designed to transmit stored information when activated by a reader; and (ii) complies with the requirements in AS 5019-2001 that a transponder must meet in order to conform to that standard; and (iii) contains a unique identification number— (A) that complies with the requirements in AS 5018-2001 for a unique identification code transmitted by a transponder; and (B) the first 3 digits of which are the code allocated to the manufacturer of the device by the International Committee for Animal Recording; the case of a prescribed animal that is the subject of a written agreement for sale to a person who intends to keep the animal in another country, a prescribed permanent identification device that— with the laws of that country relating to the permanent identification of that class of animal; and
provides for a dog to be assessed in the following skills— or walking with handler; with dogs; on command (known as a "stay test"); to handler on command (known as a "recall test"); of aggression towards humans or another animal. (4) For the purposes of subregulation (2)(a), the Minister may approve an organisation for a period of up to 36 months if it satisfies the following criteria— is an organisation established for the purpose of representing the interests of other dog training organisations as well as individual dog trainers; provides training and education programs relating to dog training to its members; has prepared and distributed to its members a code of ethics relating to dog training that is endorsed by the organisation and is binding on its members. (5) An organisation approved by the Minister under subregulation (4) may apply to the Minister to be
adopted or incorporated document Regulation 5, definition of AS 5018-2001, definition of reader AS 5018-2001 Electronic animal coding scheme as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole Regulation 5, definition of AS 5019-2001, definition of reader AS 5019-2001 Electronic animal methods as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole Regulation 14(a)(ii) AS 5019-2001 Electronic animal methods as published by Standards Australia from time to time The Regulation 14(a)(iii)(A) AS 5018-2001 Electronic animal coding scheme as published by Standards Australia from time to time The whole
67/2008 Domestic (Feral and Nuisance) Animals (Infringements Amendment) Regulations 2008 100/2009 57/2013 90/2014 64/2015 Domestic (Feral and Nuisance) Animals Amendment Regulations 2009 Domestic Animals Amendment Regulations 2013 Domestic Animals Amendment Regulations 2014 Domestic Animals Amendment Regulations 2015 Regulation 8 Regulation 10
Higher layer interaction Qing, can you provide a neural high level text to replace the text below? Physical layer Diagram Editor: The block diagram below illustrates a transmitter with MIMO. However, TG8 has not reached any agreement on whether MIMO will be supported, optional, or mandatory, and thus the following diagram needs to be changed to make it more general. Also, the general block diagram should not mention any specific transmission mode (e.g., OFDM, DFT-S OFDM). Please comment. diagram of common mode PHY Note: Diagram is so specific. Modify it more generally. Describe each Remove Buffer. MIMO will be discussed. Add schematic diagram for Sub 1GHz band and UWB band. Channelization Sub 1GHz band Editor: The text below, enclosed by <Park> and <707r2> needs to be revised to make it more general. Current text proposes specific channelization for each frequency band. But the TG has never discussed what the BW should be. <Park name=”TJ Park, ETRI, tjpark@etri.re.kr”> Proposed channelization Band Central freq (MHz) n No of channels Max Tx power (mW) fc=917+n 0,1,…,10 11 channels of 1 MHz 1 Japan-B fc=922+n 0,1,…,5 6 channels of 1 MHz 20 Japan-C fc=921.5+n 0,1 2 channels of 1 MHz 250 Japan-D fc=928.7+n 0,1 2 channels of 500 kHz 1 Korea-A fc=917.1+nⅹ0.2 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 12 channels of 200 kHz 3 mW Korea-B fc=917.1+nⅹ0.2 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19, …, 32 20 channels of 200 kHz 10 mW </Park> name=”Marco, NICT”>
In the modulation mapper, the scrambled bits bi for i=0,1,…,n-1 are modulated with either BSPK, QPSK or 16QAM modulations, resulting in the a block of complex modulation symbols di for i=0,1,…,Nsym-1, where di=I+jQ. The mapping between bits onto symbols are given by BPSK mapping: bi I Q 0 QPSK mapping: bi bi+1 I Q 00 01 10 11 16QAM mapping: bi bi+1 bi+2 bi+3 I Q 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110
3 4492.8 499.2 4 3993.6 1331.2 5 6489.6 499.2 6 6988.8 499.2 7 6489.6 1081.6 8 7488.0 499.2 9 7987.2 499.2 10 8486.4 499.2 11 7987.2 1331.2 12 8985.6 499.2 13 9484.8 499.2 14 9984.0 499.2 15 9484.8 1354.97 Transmitter specification Baseband impulse response The transmitted pulse shape p(t) of the UWB PHY shall be constrained by the shape of its cross-correlation function with a standard reference pulse, r(t). The normalized cross-correlation between two waveforms is defined as In the Er and Ep are the energies of r(t) and p(t), respectively. The reference r(t) pulse used in the calculation of is a root raised cosine pulse with roll-off factor of β = 0.5. Mathematically this is In the above equation, Tp is the reciprocal of the chip frequency. Table 12 shows the required pulse duration for each channel.
for error detection. Figure . PAC MPDU format Multiple access Multiple access schemes allow multiple PDs to share a communication medium. Contention-based access as well as contention-free access schemes are considered. In a contention-based multiple access scheme, multiple PDs compete for channel access. Contention-free multiple access schemes try to guarantee channel access to PDs so that the PDs do not have to compete for channel access. Synchronization procedure Key desired features of synchronization procedure are as follows: The purpose of synchronization is to find, at least, the time boundary either at the PHY or the MAC. The time boundary may be symbol, slot, frame, application frame, super frame, etc. Synchronization reference signal may be a sequence or a beacon. Any PD should be able to synchronize with a PD or PDs in at least the discovery radio range, i.e. synchronized with neighboring PDs. is no specific and static synchronization reference PD operating in a centralized manner, i.e. there is no dedicated PD for sending synchronization reference signal like a coordinator in a centralized control system. Synchronization mechanism should support low duty cycling for discovery and peering, i.e. low overhead for discovery and peering. Synchronization mechanism should efficiently support PDs participating in one or multiple group communications. Synchronization mechanism should efficiently support multi-hop communications. procedure Key desired features of peer discovery procedure: Peer discovery function is enabled or disabled triggered by upper layer. Peer discovery information is driven from layer. Peer discovery message contains at least peer discovery information. A PD may transmit peer discovery message periodically during peer discovery broadcasting. The MAC sublayer may provide differentiated operations according to traffic types. management Interference multiple links is managed by the threshold level. control A PD may perform transmit power control based on channel measurement status.
IEEE P802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks Project IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Title Draft for Call for Proposals Date Submitted May 11 2014 Source [Dietmar Eggert] [ATMEL] [Dresden, Germany] Voice: [+49 351 6523 400] Fax: [] E-mail: [dietmar.eggert@gmail.com] Re: IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 15.4: Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs) Amendment: Distance Measurement Techniques Abstract This is a Draft for a Call for Proposals (CFP) for TG4r PHY and MAC amendment to the current IEEE 802.15.4 Specification. Purpose When issued this is intended to announce the Call for Proposals and to motivate contributions. Notice This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. TG4r Call for Proposals The following will describe a Call for Proposals (CFP) for the TG4r PHY Amendment to IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks – Part 15.4 - 2011: Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN). Call for Intent: Due July 06, 2014 AOE
statutory rules 2015 S.R. No. 65/2015 Major Crime (Investigative Powers) Act 2004 Major Crime (Investigative Powers) Regulations 2015 The Governor in Council makes the following Regulations: Dated: 23 June 2015 Responsible Minister: MARTIN PAKULA Attorney-General YVETTE CARISBROOKE Clerk of the Executive Council 1 Objective The objective of these Regulations is to prescribe forms and other matters for the purposes of the Major Crime (Investigative Powers) Act 2004. 2 Authorising provision These Regulations are made under section 70 of the Major Crime (Investigative Powers) Act 2004. 3 Commencement These Regulations come into operation on 27 June 2015. 4 Revocations (1) The Major Crime (Investigative Powers) Regulations 2005 are revoked.
number of prosecutions for offences against sections 20(5), 35(4), 36(4), 37(3), 38(3), 42(8), 43(3), 44 and 48(3) of the Act; number of examinations conducted by the Chief Examiner; number of occasions on information has been shared by the Chief Commissioner under section 67 of the Act, including— of the information shared; (ii) details of the recipient of the shared information; number of applications made to a Court for release of restricted evidence under sections 43A and 43B of the Act, including— number of applications refused by the Court and the reasons for refusal, if given; (ii) the number of applications granted by the Court and the reasons, if given; three years of the expiry of a coercive powers order, unless previously reported on— number of prosecutions that were commenced in respect of the organised
Book 1 0.004 0.002 0.021 0.011 Comic 30 0.12 0.06 0.64 0.32 Magazine 300 1.2 0.6 6.4 3.2 *1 60 0.24 0.12 1.3 0.65 *2 900 3.6 1.8 19.2 9.7 *2 1800 7.2 3.6 38.4 19.4 *1: (Bitrate = 128 Bitrate = 2 *3 Nss = = 400 efficiency is assumed to be 85% File Exchange Table.xx shows typical file size of short video. In a certain case, a user may send these large data files from her/his smart phone to another mobile/stationary terminal just by a touching action. Data transmission rate shall be more than a few Gbit/s because it is important for the touch operation to complete data transfer in a few seconds. Table XX. Data Transmission Time Comparison Content type File size [MB] Transmission time (Sec) 802.15.3d (QPSK) 802.15.3d (16 QAM) TransferJet 802.11ac *3 Effective Throughput 2 Gbit/s Effective Throughput 4 Gbit/s Effective Throughput 375 Mbit/s Effective Throughput 740 Mbit/s Short Video (1 min.) *1 263 1.1 0.5 5.65 2.8
incorporateRoF in the next generation of passive optical network (NG-PON2) [4]. Regarding terahertz waves, Radio Regulation does not have frequency allocation between 275 GHz and 3000 GHz, but identifies specific frequencies above 275 GHz for passive services only [5]. No frequencies have been identified for active services, specifically fixed services. Specific requirements with respect to the MAC No additional MAC requirements are added to transmit waveform from M/dMU to RAU, and vice versa, because the link performance of RoT and RoF is based on relay transmission. Other issues Optical Sub-Harmonic IQ Mixer (O-SHIQM) [6][7][8] techniques for mobile fronthaulwill be proposed to be included in the Technical Requirement Document at the next meeting. References [1] 5GPPP. [2] Draft Supplement to ITU-T G-series Recommendations (G.Suppl.RoF), “Radio-over-fiber (RoF) technologies and their applications”. [3] T. Kuri et al. “Proposal of “Radio over X” and “Modulation-Symbol-Format Maintaining Transmission” for the next generation mobile services ”, IEICE Technical Report, CS2014-17, July 2014. [4] Recommendation ITU-T G.989.1, “40-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks(NG-PON2): General requirements”. [5] Radio Regulation, Edition 2012. [6] IEEE 802.15-14-0022-00-0thz, “Application of Terahertz Fronthauling using Optical Sub-Harmonic IQ”, January 2014. [7] IEEE 802.15-0177-02-003d, “RoF-Based Terahertz Fronthaul for Mobile/Wireless Access Systems”, March 2014. [8] IEEE 802.15-0177-0003d, “RoF-Based Terahertz Fronthaul for Mobile/Wireless Access Systems”, May 2014. Backhauling Description of the operational environment xxx
students can share music with friends merely by touching the smartphone to the music player. A tourist can store and archive digital video simply by placing the smartphone close to the PC. Alternatively, the user can get any data file from another mobile/stationary terminal with a similar touch operation. In most cases, the data to transfer has been selected by the sender and, therefore, the receiver does not have to select the file but just touch to retrieve it. Actual data Downloading Time Table 1 compares download times between systems using this standard and conventional systems (TransferJetTM and IEEE802.11ac). In the File machine) use case, a user may send/receive these large data files between her/his smartphone and another mobile/stationary terminal (kiosk terminal) by means of a short distance (close proximity) connection. Data transmission rate shall be maintained above a few Gbps since it is important to complete data transfer almost instantaneously. Table 1. Actual Data Downloading Time Comparison Content type File size [MB] Download time (sec) 802.15.3d*3 (16QAM) 802.15.3d*3 802.15.3d*3 TransferJet 802.11ac *4 Effective Throughput 4.6 Gbps Effective Throughput 6.9 Gbps Effective Throughput 66Gbps*5 Effective Throughput 375 Mbps Effective Throughput 740 Mbps Book 1 0.002 0.001 0.0001 0.021 0.011 Comic 30 0.05 0.03 0.003 0.64 0.32 Magazine 300 0.5 0.3 0.03 6.4 3.2 Music (1hour) *1 60 0.10 0.07 0.007 1.3 0.65 Movie (1hour) *2 450 0.8 0.5 0.05 9.6 4.9 Movie (2hour) *2 900 1.6 1.1 0.11 19.2 9.7 Short 4K Video (1 min) *6 263 0.5 0.3 0.031 5.65 2.8 4K Video (5 min) *6 1313 2.3 1.5 0.15 28.0 14.2
[1] 5GPPP. [2] Supplement to ITU-T G-series Recommendations (G.Suppl.RoF), “Radio-over-fiber (RoF) technologies and their applications”. [3] T. Kuri et al. “Proposal of “Radio over X” and “Modulation-Symbol-Format Maintaining Transmission” for the next generation mobile services ”, IEICE Technical Report, CS2014-17, July 2014. [4] Recommendation ITU-T G.989.1, “40-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks(NG-PON2): General requirements”. [5] Regulation, Edition 2012. [6] IEEE 802.15-14-0022-00-0thz, “Application of RoF-Based Terahertz Fronthauling using Optical Sub-Harmonic IQ”, January 2014. [7] IEEE 802.15-0177-02-003d, “RoF-Based Terahertz Fronthaul for Mobile/Wireless Access Systems”, March 2014. [8] IEEE 802.15-0177-0003d, “RoF-Based Terahertz Fronthaul for Mobile/Wireless Access Systems”, May 2014. Backhauling Description of the operational environment xxx Definition of a typical transmission xxx Description of the conditions to achieve the Target data rate xxx Specific issues with respect to regulations xxx Specific requirements with respect to the MAC xxx Other issues xxx
Document Overview The ARD contains descriptions on applications and use cases with performance and functional requirements. The document will serve as a base line for all other supporting documente developed within TG3d: the Channel Modeling Document (CMD) Technical Requirements Document (TRD) Evaluation Criteria Document (ECD) Call for Proposals (CfP) List of contributors Thomas Kürner TU Braunschweig Ken Hiraga NTT Corporation Keiji Akiyama Sony Kiyoshi Toshimitsu Toshiba Ichiro Seto Toshiba Akifumi Kasamatsu NICT Norihiko Sekine NICT Atshushi Kanno NICT Toshiaki Kuri NICT Tetsuya Kawanishi NICT Hiroyo Ogawa NICT Iwao Hosako NICT Toru Taniguchi JRC Makoto Yaita NTT Andrew Estrada Sony Masashi Shimizu NTT Corporation Hiroyuki Matsumura Sony Ko Togashi Toshiba Maekawa JRC Mounir ACHIR Canon Philippe LEBARS Canon François THOUMY Canon Gyung-Chul Sihn ETRI Hoo-Sung Lee ETRI Ik-Jae Chun ETRI Seok-Jin Lee ETRI
Victoria Public Health and Wellbeing Amendment (Safe Access Act 2015 No. 66 of 2015 [Assented to 1 December 2015] The Parliament of Victoria enacts: 1 Purpose The purpose of this Act is to the Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008—
Multiband operation Antenna alignment Fast session transfer, for example from 60 GHz to THz Close Proximity P2P (60 GHz): The following features may be considered: MIMO Channel bonding Half-/Full-duplex Operation Methods for a full-duplex MAC were discussed in [12]. These include features such as Superframe configuration (i.e. CAP only) Beaconing methods PNC designation PMD modifications to accommodate full-duplex Link establishment beaconing protocol Asynchronous vs. synchronous full-duplex superframes PHY/MAC header fields and preamble definitions Close Proximity P2P (60 GHz): The following features may be considered: FDD TDD “Touch and Get” operation Close Proximity P2P (60 GHz): The close proximity P2P system shall have the following features to achieve its basic requirements: Connection setup without any network identifiers Network topology always limited to two active devices Fast connection setup time prior to active state to meet application requirement A means of ensuring spatial division from other systems without beamforming CSMA/CA not required prior to data transmission No periodic management frame transmission after connection establishment.
General Guidelines [1] This technical requirement document (TRD) describes the technical aspects that TG3d standard must fulfill, such as performance-related issues, reliability issues and availability issues. These types of requirements are often called quality of service (QoS) requirements; other requirements are usually maintenance-level requirements or external constraints, sometimes called compliance. Technical requirements are summarized as any other specifications; they have a name and a unique identifier. Technical requirements are documented in the same manner as any specifications, including a description, an example, a source or references to related technical requirements and a revision history. TG3d to effectively define and manage requirements to ensure they are meeting needs of the applications, while proving compliance. Ideally, requirements are: • Correct (technically and legally possible) • Complete (express a whole idea or statement) • Clear (unambiguous and not confusing) • Consistent (not in conflict with other requirements) • Verifiable (it can be determined that the system meets the requirement) • Traceable (uniquely identified and trackable) • Feasible (can be accomplished within cost and schedule) • Modular (can be changed without excessive impact) • Design-independent (does not pose a specific solution on design)
• Security • Safety • Reliability • Availability • Maintainability An efficient way of writing better requirements is to ensure they are clearly mapped to test cases. Making sure each requirement is clearly verifiable from the start, not only helps prepare later phases of the project, it also puts the developer in the correct state of mind. Requirements and their associated tests must also indicate what the system should not do, and what happens at the limits (degraded mode). This rule also applies for compliance requirements: indicating how they shall be tested is a good way to write better requirements. The TRD need to implement a reliable and repeatable change control process that turn this challenge into an opportunity. By providing examples and counter-examples of good requirements and documents, IEEE can enhance the quality, consistency, and completeness of the requirements. These can originally be templates, industry standards and rules inside a repository, such as the IEEE server. Requirement typical sentence construction Defects to avoid: Vagueness Weakness Over specification Subjectivity Multiplicity Unclear meaning Implicit meaning Some words to be used with caution: “adequate”, “applicable”, “appropriate”, “approximate”, “bad”, “best practice”, “between”, “clearly”, “compatible”, “completely”, “consider”, “down to”, “easy/easily”, “effective”, “efficient”, “equivalent”, “excellent”, “good”, “his/her”, “however”, “ideal”, “etc”, “in order to”, “include but shall not be limited to”, “least”, “like”, “low”, “maximise”, “may”, “most”, “minimum/mal”, “must”, “nearly”, “necessary”, “needed”, “normal”, “or”, “possible/bly“, “practicable”, “provide”, “quality”, “readily”, “relevant”, “safe/ly“, “same”, “should”, “significant”, “similar”, “so as”, “subject to”, “substantial”, “sufficient”, “suitable”, “support”, “target”, “typical”, “up to”, “user friendly”, “whether”, “will”, “with”, “worse”.
Figure 11.2: Interference situation for nomadic devices operated outdoors in environment Indoor-operated devices are not relevant due to transmission losses; therefore, indoor setups are implicitly covered by the outdoor scenario. This scenario is potentially relevant for the and kiosk downloading when operated outdoors. Fixed links with scattering objects close to direct ray path In this scenario, objects close to the direct ray path may scatter/reflect power in a skyward direction towards the satellite, see Figure 11.3. This scenario is possible despite highly directive antennas. This scenario is relevant for the backhauling/fronthaulimg use case. Figure 11.3: Interference situation for fixed links with scattering objects close to direct ray path Relevant emission from antenna sidelobes High sidelobe levels may cause non-negligible radiation in a skyward direction. With fixed links these become especially critical because of potentially high output powers, see Figure 11.4. This scenario is relevant for the backhauling/fronthauling scenario. Figure 11.4: Interference situation due to relevant emission from antenna sidelobes Spectral Masks between Active Services and Earth Exploration Services (EESS) Maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) The clause shows how to calculate the maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP), which is scenario path loss specific, and includes the satellite antenna gain. If the TX radiated signal does not exceed the maximum allowed interference power mask, then there will be no interference. The calculation procedure is displayed in Figure 11.5. Figure 11.5: Calculation of the maximum equivalent isotripically radiated power (EIRP) Definition of transmit power spectrum masks device
The data rates specified in section 8 shall at least be achieved for transmissions over the distances specified in table 9.2. For the various use cases different antennas may be applied. In the proposal the antenna characteristics (gain, antenna diagrams) to achieve the transmission distance have to be given (see also section 13). Table 9.2: Transmission Ranges for different use cases Use case Required minimum Transmission Distance Intra-Device Communication 10 cm Proximity Communication 10 cm Wireless Fronthauling 200 m Wireless Backhauling 1 km Wireless Data Center 100 m Operational frequency bands This section describes the operational frequency bands. The THz frequency is quite large, with some frequencies exhibiting better propagation qualities than others. Also influencing this issue are practical limits on implementation physics. In this section the operational frequency bands are discussed. Each use case may operate in a different band. The operational frequency bands are from 252 to 325 GHz. The frequency bands 252 to 275 GHz have already an allocation for MOBILE and FIXED services in the radio regulations. The band 275 – 325 GHz is not allocated to any servcie in the radio regulations, but may be used for active services, if the conditions in footnote 5.565 of the radio regulations are met. Figure 2: Options for utilization of the available spectrum In Figure 2 three options for the utilization of the available spectrum are introduced. In the first option the whole available bandwidth is dedicated to the communication link of one device. Please note that it’s not required that a proposal utilizes the complete bandwidth of 73 GHz. In option two still the whole bandwidth is dedicated to one communication link but it is split into several subchannels. Again not the whole bandwidth has to be utilized. Such sub-channels can e.g. be realised in an OFDM system or by several RF frontends with smaller bandwidths. This can be beneficial for hardware implementation or for the equalization of the dispersion introduced by the RF frontend in combination with the transmission channel. In the third option sub-channels are dedicated to different links. In a proposal either option 1 or 2 has to be chosen and the reasons for this decision have to be provided together with the exact parameters for the utilization of the frequency band, e.g.
This document describes the technical requirements to define a wireless switched point-to-point physical layer to IEEE Std. 802.15.3 operating at a nominal PHY data rate of 100 Gbps with fallbacks to lower data rates as needed. Operation is considered in bands from 252 GHz to 325 GHz. Additionally, the technical requirements for modifications to the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, needed to support this new physical layer, are defined. The requirements in terms of transmission ranges depends on the specific use cases defined in the applications requirements document [4] and spans a range of 3 cm to 200m. The required Bit error rates at the PHY_SAP depend also on the defined use cases and span a range from 10-6 to 10-12. The proposals shall also comply with the regulatory requirements taking into account the specific situation for carrier frequencies beyond 275 GHz as defined in the radio regulations [9]. Topology and Link Switching This clause identifies operational topologies In all use cases the topology will be point-to-point (P2P) and limited to two active devices. Each of the devices will contain both a transmitter and receiver and is thefore denoted as a transceiver (TRX). It may be necessary to switch between several links, see Figure 7.1. The possibility for link switching between two connections is mandatory. Link switching during a running connection is optional. Obviously this is use case dependent since for some use cases link switching may not be appropriate. Figure 7.1: Switched Point-to-Point Links; Link 1 TRX1 to TRX2 switched to link 2 TRX1 to TRX 3 Data Rates The data rates shall be sufficient to support the proposed use cases in conjunction with the operational frequency plan and channel model. This section discusses the data rates, which usually is the basis for different PHY type classes. The PHY shall at least support the data rates as defined in Table 8.1. For better compatibility with Ethernet a data rate of 40 Gbps may be considered as well Table 8.1: Data Rates for different use cases Use case Minimum Data Rate in Gb/s Required Data Rate in Gb/s at the higher end Required BER after error correction at PHY-SAP
Intra-Device Communication Intra-device communication is a communication link within a device and includes inter-chip communication to allow for pin count reduction. Switched Link A switched point-to-point link provides means to reconfigure a set of elsewise fixed wireless links. The radiation lobes of an antenna at one end of the wireless link are steered between multiple pre-defined receiving positions at the other end of the link. Wireless Backhaul A backhaul link in a cellular network is a connection between the base station and a more centralized network element Wireless Fronthaul The connection between the Base Band Unit (BBU) and the Remote Radio head (RRH) of a cellular base station is called “fronthaul”. Currently, ITU-T SG15 defines mobile fronthaul including Radio over Fiber (RoF) Table 1.2: List of Abbrevations ARD Application Requirements Document EESS Earth Exploration Services EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power MAC Medium Access Control P2P Peer to Peer QoS Quality of Service RX Receiver SWaP Size, Weight and Power THz Terahertz TRD Technical Requirements Document TRX Transceiver
training organisation for the purposes of this Division. Treasurer must consult the Minister administering Part 5.5 of the Education and Training Reform Act 2006 before making a declaration subclause (1).". 6 Clause 16 of Schedule 2 substituted For clause 16 of Schedule 2 to the Payroll Tax Act 2007 substitute— "16 Approved training schemes Wages are exempt wages if they are paid or payable to a new entrant who is employed in accordance with the requirements of an approved training scheme under Part 5.5 of the Education and Training Reform Act 2006.". 7 New clause 19 of Schedule 3 inserted—transitional provisions After clause 18 of Schedule 3 to the Payroll Tax Act 2007 insert— "19 State Taxation Acts Further Amendment Act 2015 notice to which clause 11 of this Schedule applies that is in force immediately before the commencement day is taken, on that day, to be a notice under clause 13B of Schedule 2. notice under clause 16(2) of Schedule 2 that is in force immediately before the commencement day is taken, on that day, to be a notice under clause 13B of that Schedule.
Calculation of the Overall Path Loss The overall path loss at a distance d and a carrier frequency f can be modelled as: (1) where Specific Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases according to ITU-R P.676-10 Two methods are described in ITU-R P.676-10 [6.2]: A more detailed line –by-line calculation of gaseous attenuation A simplified method, based on curve-fitting of the line-by-line calculation agrees with the more accurate calculations to within an average of about 10% at frequencies removed from the centres of major absorption lines. The absolute difference between the results from these algorithms and the line-by-line calculation is generally less than 0.1 dB/km and reaches a maximum of 0.7 dB/km near 60 GHz. In the following the specific attenuation due to dry air and vapour, is estimated using the simplified algorithms, valid for the frequency range 120 to 350 GHz: The specific attenuation o due to dry air is calculated using the following equations: (2) (3) (4) f frequency (GHz) rp = ptot/1013, where ptot represents total air pressure rt 288/(273 t) p pressure (hPa) t temperature (C)
w Metal exchange Channel Characterization Close Proximity P2P (300 GHz): Concerning the usage model of close proximity P2P wireless communications, the channel is assumed to be line-of-sight propagation in millimeterwave, 300 GHz band. Generally, TSV model is introduced in millimeterwave PAN/LAN systems in IEEE802.15.3c and IEEE802.11ad operating both at 60 GHz. For proximity communications usage, reflections are observed inside terminals and at surface of terminals, etc. The channel model shall be modified to represent such propagation mechanisms and the frequency band at 300 GHz. The channel model shall apply at least one of the several kinds of propagation depending on the antenna configurations. Introductory Measurement Examples Peculiarities of wave propagation in KIOSK Under KIOSK use case, there are the following peculiarities. Link is pear to pear and LOS. Wave propagation distance is relatively (< 1 meter). Front cover (window) exists between Tx and Rx. Rx module uses relatively low-gain antenna because it is equipped with mobile phones. Case of Rx (case of mobile phone) is occasionally made by metal. Tx uses relatively high-gain antenna to avoid the propagation loss. Tx is set in an environment pretty well-controlled as surrounded by wave absorber. Fig. 4.1 KIOSK use case Fig. 4.2 Wave propagation in KIOSK Measurement Methodology and Results Measurement Methodology To clarify a channel model of KIOSK use case, some experiments using 2-port calibrated Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) in 220 340 GHz are conducted. In the experiments, commercially available 25-dBi-antennas are used as Tx and Rx antennas. The S-parameters (S21) are measured by changing Tx-Rx distance up to 1.8m using an automatic stage.
where Specific Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases according to ITU-R P.676-10 Two methods are described in ITU-R P.676-10 [5.2]: A more detailed line –by-line calculation of gaseous attenuation A simplified method, based on curve-fitting of the line-by-line calculation agrees with the more accurate calculations to within an average of about 10% at frequencies removed from the centres of major absorption lines. The absolute difference between the results from these algorithms and the line-by-line calculation is generally less than 0.1 dB/km and reaches a maximum of 0.7 dB/km near 60 GHz. In the following the specific attenuation due to dry air and vapour, is estimated using the simplified algorithms, valid for the frequency range 120 to 350 GHz: The specific attenuation o due to dry air is calculated using the following equations: (5.2) (5.3) (5.4) Where f frequency (GHz) rp = ptot/1013, where ptot represents total air pressure rt 288/(273 t) p pressure (hPa) t temperature (C) The specific attenuation w due to vapor is calculated using the following equations: