Topic 4 3 2 Kinematics: Constant Velocity In addition to meeting the learning goal, the student demonstrates in-depth inferences and applications that go beyond the goal. Create and interpret mathematical models for velocity and position for multiple objects and use them to predict the motion of the objects with different starting times. 3A: Evaluate position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs for slope, and area for an object moving with a constant velocity. 3B: Evaluate position vs time and velocity vs time graphs for slope, and area for multiple objects moving with a constant velocity. 3C: Analyze a motion graph to create a mathematical model for the velocity and position of an object and use them to predict the motion of the object. 2A: Create a graph (position vs time and velocity vs time) of an object moving with a constant velocity. 2B: Create a graph (position vs time and velocity vs time) for multiple objects moving with a constant velocity. 2C: Describe the motion of an object traveling at a constant velocity using the kinematics equations. (Given an equation such as x - 2m = (5m/s) t + 4m, describe the motion of an object.) Kinematics: Constant Acceleration – Updated 2/19/18 Text and Resources Identify and define: velocity, speed, displacement, magnitude, position, acceleration College Physics Text: 2.4-2.7, 3.1-3.7
Momentum & Impulses In addition to meeting the learning goal, the student demonstrates in-depth inferences and applications that go beyond the goal. 3A: Create and analyze a mathematical relationship between the direction of the force acting on an object and the change in momentum caused by that force. 3B: Calculate the change in linear momentum of a two-object system with constant mass in a 2D collision from a representation of the system (data, graphs, etc.) 3B: Apply the Law of Conservation of Momentum to determine the motion of objects after a collision. 2A: Predict the change in momentum of an object from the average force exerted on the object and the interval of time during which the force is exerted. 2B: Calculate the change in linear momentum of a two-object system with constant mass in linear motion from a representation of the system (data, graphs, etc.). 2B: Calculate the momentum of each object before a collision. Science Practices Text and Resources Topic 4 3 2 Scientific Practices In addition to score 3.0 performance, the student demonstrates in-depth inferences and applications that go beyond the learning goal. Apply scientific practices to physics. Use representations and models (graphs, diagrams, tables, charts) A level 2 in scientific practices fails to meet the learning goal in two areas:
Engage in scientific questioning to extend thinking or guide investigations within the context of an AP course (SP.3). OR Connect and relate knowledge across various scales, concepts, and representations in and across domains (SP.7). to communicate scientific phenomena and solve scientific problems (SP.1). Use mathematics appropriately (SP.2). Implement data collection strategies (SP.4) and perform data analysis and evaluate evidence (SP.5). Support conclusions using experimental evidence and scientific reasoning. Use representations and models to communicate scientific phenomena and solve scientific problems (SP.1). Use mathematics appropriately (SP.2.) Implement data collection strategies (SP.4) and perform data analysis and evaluate evidence (SP.5). Support conclusions using experimental evidence and scientific reasoning. Energy Text and Resources Design experiment and analyze data to examine how a force does work through a distance. Design an experiment and analyze graph for area under a force-distance curve to determine the work done Design an experimental application for conservation of linear momentum, predict an outcome, analyze data generated and evaluate the match between the prediction and the outcome. Test the law of conservation of momentum in a two-object collision that is elastic or inelastic and analyze the resulting data graphically. *Identify and define: potential energy gravitationally, kinetic energy, potential energy elastically, elastic and inelastic collisions, work, thermal energy, conservation of energy, conservation of momentum College Physics Text: 9.5, 9.6, 10.1-10.8 Topic 4 3 2
Circular Motion In addition to meeting the learning goal, the student demonstrates in-depth inferences and applications that go beyond the goal. Evaluate using given data whether all the forces on a system or whether all the parts of a system have been identified. 3A: Approximate a numerical value of the gravitational field (g) near the surface of an object from its radius and mass relative to those of the Earth or other reference objects. 3B: Use Newton's law of gravitation to calculate the gravitational force between two objects. 3C: Analyze a system where the net force causes circular motion. 2A: Apply g = GM/r2 to calculate the gravitational field due to an object with mass M, where the field is a vector directed toward the center of the object of mass M. 2B: Apply F = mg to calculate the gravitational force on an object with mass m in a gravitational field of strength g in the context of the effects of a net force on objects and systems. 2C: Create and use free-body diagrams to analyze physical situations using net force equations to solve problems with motion qualitatively and quantitatively. Rotational Motion Text and Resources Design an experiment and analyze data testing a question about torques in a balanced rigid system. Plan and analyze the relationship between a torque exerted on an object and the change in angular velocity of that object about an axis. Establish that torque, angular velocity, acceleration, and momentum can be predicted if variables are treated as being CW or CCW. Determine change in angular momentum of a system and relate it to interactions with other objects and systems. Test relationship between the change in angular momentum & average torque applied to the system and the time interval during which the torque is exerted. Identify and define: rotational inertia, torque, angular momentum, angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration, static equilibrium, rotational kinetic energy College Physics Text: 7.1-7.7, 8.1-8.2, 9.7
Topic 4 3 2 Rotational Motion In addition to meeting the learning goal, the student demonstrates in-depth inferences and applications that go beyond the goal. 4:Predict the behavior of rotational collision situations by the same processes that are used to analyze linear collision situations using an analogy between impulse and change of linear momentum and angular impulse and change of angular momentum. 3A: Evaluate the torque on an object caused by various forces in comparison to other situations. 3B: Describe a representation and use it to analyze a situation in which several forces exerted on a rotating system of rigidly connected objects change the angular velocity and angular momentum of the system. 3C. Analyze a situation in which angular momentum changes due to interaction with other objects or systems. 3D: Analyze the relationship between gravitational potential energy, linear kinetic energy, and rotational kinetic energy for a rolling object. 2A: Use representations of the relationship between force and torque to compare the torques on an object caused by various forces. 2B: Calculate torques on a two-dimensional system in static equilibrium by examining a representation or model (such as a diagram or physical construction). 2C.1: Make predictions about the change in the angular velocity about an axis for an object when forces exerted on the object cause a torque about that axis. 2C.2: Calculate values for angular momentum, torque and time. 2D.1: Analyze the relationship between rotational inertia, mass, and radius for objects of different shapes. 2D.2: Calculate the rotational kinetic energy for an object when the rotational inertia is known. Simple Harmonic Motion Text and Resources Plan & collect data to ascertain the characteristics of the motion of a system undergoing oscillatory motion caused by a restoring force. Analyze data to identify qualitative/ quantitative relationships between given values and variables (i.e., force, displacement, acceleration, velocity, period of motion, frequency, spring constant, string length, mass) to determine the value of an unknown. Identify and define: force, displacement, velocity, acceleration, period of motion, frequency, spring constant, string length, and mass College Physics Text: 14.1 – 14.7, 8.3