Table 1. Roscani Site-Specific adverse impact: construction phase Components of the irrigation System Project intervention Type of works Nature and features of potential impact Classification of impact Needs for environmental protection measures Water Intakes Replacement of fish protection structure (3 suction pipes for each of the pumping station S-20) Dismantling of the old fish protection installations. Assembling of new fish protection installations. Sediment detachment and death of benthos and plankton organisms Local Short-term Self reversible YES Pumping Stations Replacement of pumps at the S-20, S-22 pumping stations Dismantling Assembling Oil spills inside the pumping station building All works conducted inside the building NO Temporary lay down (storage) of the outdated within the pumping station yard Carrying weights Spillage on the soil during the loading on the track Local Long term Hardly reversible YES Renovation of the building of the S-20, S-22 pumping stations Renovation Removing asbestos (roof), Removing the old paint from walls and metal works Noise Dust Rubble including asbestos and lead containing paintings Short term Easy to mitigate YES Main pipes Digging trenches, pipe, valves, etc. assembling Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation Noise Soil compaction Mixing deeper soil with the top (productive) soil Interrupted land use Lost of harvest Limitation of common agro-activities Easy to mitigate YES Pressure test Pressure testing in conformity with approved procedures Leakages Rupture of pipeline Soil washed away Local term Heavy reversible Easy to mitigate YES Backfilling of trenches Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation Noise Soil compaction Local Easy to mitigate YES
Cutting-off up to 1 m fragments of asbestos pipes Excavation, Pipe fitting, asbestos pipe cutting, backfilling soil erosion, asbestos health impact Local Long term Hardly reversible Easy to mitigate YES Pipeline in vicinity of residential aria Excavation Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation Soil compaction Disturbance of residents Local Short-term Easy to mitigate YES Secondary and tertiary networks Digging trenches, pipe, valves, hydrants, etc. assembling Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation Noise Soil compaction Mixing deeper soil level with the top (productive) one Interrupted land use Lost of harvest Limitation of common agro-activities Local Short-term Easy to mitigate YES Pressure test Pressure testing in conformity with approved procedures Leakage of water Rupture of pipeline Soil washed away Local Short term Hardly reversible Easy to mitigate YES Backfilling of trenches Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation Noise Soil compaction Local Short-term Easy to mitigate YES Intersection with underground infrastructures: electrical cables, communication lines. Excavation, pipe fitting, asbestos pipe cutting, backfilling Soil erosion, asbestos health impact Local Long term Hardly reversible Easy to mitigate YES Table 2. Roscani Site-Specific main adverse impact: operational phase
The nature of work The nature and type of potential impact Characterization of impact Necessity for environmental protection measure DIRECT IMPACT Functioning of the Pumps Water withdrawal Suction into the pipes of the spawn and fry / Long-term /Heavily reversible YES Intensive and aggressive irrigation Lost of soil structure Water erosion / Long-term / Irreversible YES Over moister the soil (over irrigated spots of land) Water stagnation, soil erosion Local / Short term / Reversible YES Heavy machinery use on arable land Compaction of arable layer Local / Short term / Reversible YES Water leakages, pipeline breaks Water loses Soil washed away Lost harvest Local / Short term / Irreversible YES Improper maintenance of equipment Soil pollution Energy lost Local term Irreversible YES Pipes repair Soil compaction Soil pollution / Short term /Reversible YES The nature of work The nature and type of potential impact Characterization of impact Necessity for environmental protection measure INDIRECT IMPACTS Intensive use of pesticides (modern generation of pesticides: selective, non-persistent) and over use of fertilizers Soil pollution pollution Local / Mid-term / Reversible YES Potential use of prohibited (obsolete) pesticides (POPs) Soil pollution Crops pollution Water pollution Regional (Global) / Long-term / Irreversible YES
Annex A. Mitigation measures Type of Impact and Potential Negative Impact Mitigation measures Location Timing Supervising agency Cost Executing agency Construction - Environment Fertile soil compacting, pollution, erosion Use as much as possible existing (gravel covered) roads for machinery movement. Segregate temporal stockpile of trench’s earth with different quality. Careful trench back filling with non-productive soils on the bottom. Construction site Construction site Construction site During construction As As above Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Inspection As above As above CC cost As above As above CC Accidental soil wash-out during pressure testing of section Dispatcher (communication) network with pumping station – stop test immediately Prepare plan in case of accident pipe damage Construction site After pipe / hydrants assembling Before trench Engineer, WUA As above CC costs As above CC Oil leakages during pump replacement Use spill pans / spill tray. Use absorbent in case of spills on top soil. CIS Roscani pumping stations During works and temporal storage Engineer, Ecological Inspection CC cost CC Lubricants and fuel leakage (machinery camp, traffic) Preventive and after work shifts inspections Camping site and on construction site Daily, During construction Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection, WUA CC cost CC Noise, dust Optimization of machinery traffic and maneuvering. During operations the engine covers of generators, air compressors and other powered mechanical equipment shall be closed. Cover the haul of tracks. Construction site, Pumping stations site - during renovations. Daily, During construction Engineer, WUA, Ecological Agency, Local Centre of Public health (occupational safety) CC costs CC
“Toxic waste!!! Access denied” – warning signs. Mark the storage site with warning signs “Toxic waste!!! Access denied”. To secure regular removal of wastes from construction site to designated landfill. Within the dumpsite / landfill designated From construction sites to designated landfill. As above As above As above As Asbestos wastes: environment pollution with asbestos fibers Separate collection, dusting prevention, wet swipe, appropriate temporal disposal, labor safety measure (PPE) – as described in details in Annex D S-20, S-22 -during roof repair (removing asbestos plates and any other asbestos containing material inside the building) 0 locations within the construction sites where in each locations a 80 cm long asbestos pipe should be removed (cut-off) During Pumping Station renovation works, During the on site (installment of pipes) Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection, CC costs CC Construction Phase - Social Health hazard for workers and local people (construction sites near residential area or other social infrastructure): dust, noise, hazardous materials (asbestos, lead containing paintings) Optimization of machinery traffic and maneuvering. Cover the haul of tracks. Calm the dust with spray. Use PPE equipment. Work only during light period of day. Zoning the site while working with hazardous materials: Dirty Zone and Clean Zone and establish a Construction site, Pumping stations site during renovations. during the construction phase Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Inspection, Local Centre of Public Health (occupational safety) CC costs CC
Decontamination Unit in between them. Install Warning Sign. Accessibility to properties by construction: reduced mobility of persons by closing the roads, if any Inform people in advance on temporary road closure Secure by-passes. Roscani, Telita villages During the construction phase Engineer, WUA, Road Police CC costs CC Disturbance of the community traditional way of life (“new men in town” effect) Preventing measures: awareness about local community rules of life/behavior, information on STI, HIV/SIDA among locals and workers. Contract clauses. Roscani, eventually Telita villages During the construction phase Engineer, WUA, Local Authorities CC costs CC Threat of HIV/Aids and STD Preventing measures: awareness, information on STI, HIV/SIDA locals and workers. Contract clauses. Roscani, Telita villages During the construction phase Engineer, WUA, Authorities CC costs CC, WUA Trafficking in Persons/Drugs Information Awareness, Contract clauses Roscani, Telita villages During construction phase Engineer, WUA, Local Authorities CC costs CC, WUA Child labor Information Awareness, Contract clauses Roscani, Telita villages During construction phase Engineer, WUA, Local Authorities, Labor Inspection CC costs CC, WUA Operational - Environment Depletion of surface water resources (water abstraction) Installation of meters. To develop proper irrigation schedule. To develop irrigation application based on soil CIS Roscani CIS Roscani CIS Roscani Before signing the Management Transfer Agreement AM As above As above THVA Project costs No costs No coasts WUA or service outsourced
moisture parameter and growing crops. Energy consumption Optimizing the energy efficiency of the pumping system through its operation and management, including regular monitoring and maintenance. Establish energy efficiency indicators. Proper maintenance of pumps. CIS Roscani Before signing the Management Transfer Agreement Self-control WUA costs WUA or service outsourced of a management / agro / consultant) Use of aggressive (large drop size) irrigation - soil grain-size structure deterioration Use of non-aggressive methods of irrigation (refer to recommendations provided in the Soil Study – Annex E) CIS Roscani During the irrigation period Self-control (no enforcement institution exists) No additional costs WUA Soil washed as consequence of leakages from pipes, hydrants Technical inspection of system. CIS Roscani Recurrent task AM WUA Maintenance costs WUA Over irrigation of fields leading to short-term water stagnation and deviation from optimal aero-hydrological soil regime. Adjust the irrigation schedule with the results of soil moister measurements CIS Roscani During the irrigation period Self-control. (no enforcement institution exists) WUA costs WUA Formation of the irrigation crust on the top-soil Covering the soil with organic mulch or vegetation CIS Roscani During the irrigation period Self-control. (no enforcement institution exists) WUA costs WUA Unsuitable for certain type of soil agro-technique used Apply soil conservation methods based on technological fiche elaborated by specialized agri-consultants CIS Roscani During the lifetime of the irrigation system Self-control. (no enforcement institution exists) WUA costs WUA Suction of fish and aquatic organisms during the water intake – damage to fish and plankton population Proper maintenance of fish protection structures S-20 pump station Yearly or as required State Fish Inspection WUA costs Authorized specialists: divers.
Yearly compensation paid correlated with the abstracted amount of water. CIS Roscani Yearly As above WUA costs WUA Potential bacteriological pollution of surface water quality Potential chemical pollution of surface water Establish a sanitary zone in line with the Hygienic Regulation On protection of bodies against pollution no 06.6.3.23 dated 03.07. 1997 Control surface water quality S-20, S-22 pumping stations S-20, S-22 pumping stations As prescribed by Sanitary permit issued by Local Public health authority ?? Local Centre of Public Health ?? WUA costs WUA costs Local Centre for Public Health ?? Potential deterioration (pollution) of underground and surface water quality by pesticide use Potential raising of groundwater Surface water pollution Fuel and lubricants spillage control Development and implement the Integrated Pest Management Adjusting the irrigation schedule Establish a sanitary zone in line with the Hygienic Regulation On protection of water bodies against pollution no 06.6.3.23 dated 03.07. 1997 CIS Roscani As above CIS Roscani Pumping stations’ adjacent areas Re-current task Before signing the Management Transfer Agreement According to data of water level measurements As prescribed by Sanitary permit issued by Local Public health authority SEI, State Phyto-Sanitary Inspection of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry Local Centre of Public Health WUAs operational costs WUA costs WUA operational costs WUA cost WUA Outsourcing: Agro- / Eco Consultant WUA Local Centre for Public Health Operational Phase - Social Equity in access to water: big farms vs. small farms and discuss the issue with the Administrative Council of WUA Follow the provision of WUA Charter. CIS Roscani During regular Administrative Council meeting and WUA member meetings WUA WUA
Transparency in decision making Possible consolidation (merge) as a precondition of transfer to intensive and more efficient agriculture could generate conflicts between big farms and small ones, groups of farmers and individuals, etc. Raise and discuss the issue with the Administrative Council of WUA Follow the provision of WUA Charter. Transparency in decision making CIS Roscani During regular Administrative Council meeting and WUA member meetings General Meeting of WUA WUA WUA Gender imbalance Inform both men and about what the gender balance is and the benefit of applying it. Empowering women and girls. Improving access to education for and girls. CIS Roscani Periodically (during the working / management meetings) WUA Admin Council WUA costs WUA Gender inequity in access to decision-making, management of WUA, plots consolidation issues, etc. Raise and discuss the issue with the Administrative Council of WUA Follow the provision of WUA Charter. Transparency in decision making CIS Roscani Re-current task with special topic during the meetings of WUA Administrative Council General Assembly of WUA WUA Costs WUA Council Limited leadership of in CIS / WUA management Providing women with opportunities to take the lead in managing WUA, CIS CIS Roscani Re-current task with special topic during the meetings of WUA Administrative Council General Assembly of WUA WUA Costs WUA Council Threat of TiP, HIV/Aids and STD Preventing measures: awareness, information on STI, HIV/SIDA among local risk groups (youth mainly) Villages of Roscani, Telita During the lifetime of the irrigation system WUA, Local Authorities WUA costs WUA
Child labor as a result of increased demand for labor force and limited capacity of the villages to provide it (shortage of labor force). Awareness about legal responsibility WUA Code of Conduct signed by each WUA member, Transfer to modern, labor saving CIS Roscani Periodically (during the working / management meetings) WUA Admin Council, Labor Inspection WUA costs WUA Pesticide use as a threat to human and environmental health Follow the Instruction from Product Safety Sheet during the use. Appropriate storage of the pesticide stock CIS Roscani As During the vegetation season The whole year Phito-sanitary inspection, WUA As above Farmers own costs WUA Annex B. Monitoring Plan WHAT parameter is to be monitored WHERE is the parameter to be monitored HOW is the parameter to be monitored WHEN is the parameter to be monitored WHO is to monitor the parameter Cost WHOM to report to (decision making institutions) Construction Phase – Health and Safety (HS) CC training (for workers) on Health, Occupational Safety, Environment At the training Engineer HS Officer as observer at training to check number of trainees and how the subject of training was disclosed. Before commencement of work on site Engineer, WUA, Labor Inspection CC costs MCA-Moldova HS requirements compliance (logistics) On Site Inspection to check Log, List of workers, Visitors Log, ESMP, Emergency Response Plan (including fire), Accident Log, Emergency Car present on site, PPE, works permits, etc as required by Regulation regarding the Organization of the Weekly, immediately before wok shifts starts. Unannounced check. Engineer, WUA, Labor Inspection Engineer’s costs MCA-Moldova
occupational safety activities at working place and risks prevention approved by Governmental Decision # 95 of 05.02.2009 – Monitorul Official, #34-36, 2009, art. 138 . HS requirements compliance (documentation and equipment ) On site Inspection to check Log, List of workers, Visitors Log, ESMP, Emergency Response Plan (including fire), Accident Log, Emergency Car present on site, PPE, works permits. Weekly as an unannounced inspection. Engineer, WUA, Inspection, Department of Emergency Situations Engineer’s costs MCA-Moldova Occupational safety On site Works permits according to the legal list of permits. – Engineer will require the photocopy of permits annexed to the CC Work Program. Presence of PPE equipment (respirators, gloves, glasses, coverall, etc.) Compliance with safety requirements. Fire – fighting equipment. Number of occupational accidents - documentary Before works starts Randomly When required Engineer, WUA Engineer, Labor Inspection, Department for Emergency Situations. CC costs MCA-Moldova General working condition On site Inspection to check Camp Site, Sanitation, etc. Before works starts Engineer, Labor Inspection Engineer’s costs MCA-Moldova Construction Phase – Environment Soil quality and pollution On site inspections to check application of soil protective measures application (use of roads, minimizing heavy When deemed necessary Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Inspection Engineer’s costs, Local Ecological Inspection costs MCA-Moldova
machinery on fertile soil, segregation of soil fertile 70 cm top soil vs the soil beneath during excavation) Field inspection to track oil and fuel spills on soil When deemed necessary Engineer, WUA Engineer’s costs, Local Ecological Inspection costs MCA-Moldova Field inspection to check the segregated stockpiling of excavated soil and backfilling the trenches. When deemed necessary Engineer, WUA Engineer’s Local Ecological Inspection operational budget MCA-Moldova Potential Soil loss during pressure test On site Field Inspection followed by time matching of pressure test Agreed date Engineer, WUA Engineer cost MCA-Moldova, (monthly reports) Acoustic: Noise (measure the level of ) On site Aurally & Measurement of dB level During the work of heavy machinery CC & Centre for Public Health. CC will keep the register with records of noise level registered on site. CC costs, Centre for Public Health operational budget. MCA-Moldova, (monthly reports) Air quality: use of sprays and tracks cover liner use to calm down the dust and minimize dust spread On the construction site Visually & Dust measuring Unannounced Inspection & When deemed necessary CC self-monitoring with records to Register. Centre for Public Health CC costs. Centre for Public Health operational budget. MCA Moldova, Waste handling On the construction site Check of permits for damping the waste at the local authorized damp site inspections to check conditions of wastes disposals - visually - field inspection to check conditions of construction materials storage - visually -Field inspections to check Before work starts and during the work when deemed necessary. During construction During construction During construction Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection Engineer’s Local Ecological Inspection costs. MCA-Moldova,
timely removal of wastes – visually & documentary Hazardous wastes (asbestos and removed from walls and metal structure lead containing paintings) management On the construction site of permits for disposal of hazardous waste at the authorized damp site - Conditions of hazardous wastes disposals - visually - Conditions of sites where hazardous wastes are stored - timely removal of hazardous wastes – visually & documentary Before work starts Before work starts Engineer, Ecological Inspection, Local Public Health Centre As Engineer Cost As MCA-Moldova, Terrestrial biodiversity protection On the construction site Inspections ( biodiversity protection issue to be mentioned by site manager during the briefing before work shift) Periodically during the works and mandatory before Site Acceptance Document signed and before Site Transfer document signed Engineer , WUAs, Local Ecological Inspector. No additional costs MCA-Moldova, MSU (Monthly reports) Underground water level and quality According to ВСН the density of drilling the monitoring should be 1 well / 2 square kilometers Sampling form wells. Float method level measurement. During the construction phase - right after drilling of wells and before CIS handover to WUA CC (Sub-contracted licensed company) CC costs AgeoM Aquatic biodiversity protection On the construction site Inspections to assure installation of fish protection structure in line with the design During the installation of the filer cartridges Engineer, Fish inspection Engineer’s costs, State Fish Inspection operational costs MCA
General rules of HSE WUA Office Relevant documentations as required by Regulation regarding the Organization of the occupational safety activities at working place and risks prevention approved by Governmental Decision # 95 of 05.02.2009 – Monitorul Official, #34-36, 2009, art. 138 Yearly Labor Inspection Labor Inspection costs - Operational - Environment Amount of water used / Energy consumption ratio Pumping station Inspection to whether water withdrawal registers are properly kept During the irrigation season WUA technical staff WUA running costs AM, Bureau of Statistics (Special Report on Water Use) Soil quality: physical and physico-chemical properties of the soils Sample taken from selected sample points of 2011 Soil Studies Soil quality parameters by field tests / Laboratory tests Different: depending on the parameter to be monitored Authorized laboratories (RCAP, Institute of Pedology, etc.) WUAs costs Not applicable Level of soil moisture Within the command area. Using tensiometers during the vegetation period Farmers Amortization costs WUA Administrative Council (establishment of irrigation schedules) Groundwater level and quality CIS Roscani monitoring level measured (float method) and sample collected by local WUA designated staff Water samples sent to authorized laboratory for analysis (Institute of Geology and Seismology, RCAP, Hidrometeo) Once a year. Annual measurement should occur at the same season each year and avoid periods of prolonged drought or intense rainfall. Water level measured before and after the irrigation season. WUA, WUA costs AGeoM
The effectiveness of fish protection structure (filtration cartridges) S-20, S-22 ends of intake pipes According to the existing methods (before the filtration structure and after) Yearly : – May & September-October during first 5 Year, then once per 5 year. Institute of Zoology or State Enterprises Acvacultura WUA Costs Fish Inspection Surface water quality (bacteriology: pathogenic factors) Surface water pollution (hydrochemistry) : pH, smell, temperature, suspended solids, Ca, Na, Mg, K, chlorides, sulfates, hydrocarbonates, carbonates, hardness, dry residue, ions sum, irrigation indicators Up-stream and down stream the intakes pipes, accumulation basins Within 100 m up or downstream of pumping station S-20, Field sampling and laboratory tests in line with Hygienic Regulation on protection of water bodies against pollution no 06.6.3.23 dated 03.07. 1997 approved by Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Moldova. According to the GOST 26449.1-85 As it will be specified in Hygienic Sanitary permit Two times a year before and after the irrigation season (April-September) Local Centre for Public Health Authorized laboratory (RCAP, Geolab, Academy of Science, Department of Pedology Centre for Public Health Costs 230-250 lei/parameter Not applicable To the authorized persons having the mandate to make conclusion on suitability of water for irrigation (RCAP, Institute of Pedology, Department of Pedology, etc.) Operational – Social Child labor, level of STD, cases of trafficking in persons / drugs, number of registered AIDS infected. CIS Roscani Anonymous questionnaires, local/regional medical statistics, data from police (no names, just trends) 6 months after construction ends MCA-Moldova, MSU of AM Social and gender impact evaluation CIS Roscani Express social assessments One year and every third year after the start of operational phase MCA-Moldova (during the Compact) , MSU of AM Tbi
Carbonates 4 7 28 As above - - - Soil Microstructure 4 7 28 Once in 15 year - - - TOTAL for 15 years monitoring cycle, lei - Yearly AVERAGE within 15 years monitoring cycle, lei - * - Must be measured yearly before and after vegetation period; ** - equal to the number of soil classes identified in the Roscani irrigation massif; *** - standard number of samples taken from a soil profile; **** - assuming 5 main crops in Roscani CIS. Table 3. Cost breakdown for Underground Water Monitoring Activities Phase What to be measured Where to be measured How to be measured When Who is to measure Cost, lei per year, lei Construction Calcium Authorized laboratory Reference methods in laboratory Right after the monitoring wells are set and before the handing over the CIS to WUA (4 wells) Authorized accredited laboratory - - Magnesium - - Sodium - - Hardness - - Sulfates - - Carbohydrates - - Chlorines - - Nitrates - - Mineralization - - Conductivity On site and lab Express tester Right after the network is set and then monthly – 4 wells CC environmental staff will sample 4 wells - - pH - -- Water level On site Float Before and after construction CC environmental staff will measure all 4 wells - -