35 Wack (18) 28 W 2 Skin Healthy, survived Survived 36 Wack (18) 26 W Pulmonary, meninges Healthy, survived Survived 37 Babycos (19) 21 B 3 Pulmonary, skin, bone marrow, heart Born prematurely, healthy, no infection Died PP 38 Lee (20) 19 B 3 Disseminated, meninges No mention of outcome of first pregnancy; second infant born prematurely with fluconazole-related defects; no infection Survived 39 Pursley (21) 22 NR 3 Disseminated Four pregnancies: two healthy and two with fluconazole tetragonic finding Survived 40 Aleck (22) 27 L 3 Meninges Healthy, survived Survived
(33) prednisone 10 mg b.i.d., tacrolimus 2 mg AM and 1 mg PM. CM diagnosis tissue (2 or more locations) 6 Blodget (33) 40 B M Kidney transplant MMF 500mg daily, prednisone 10 mg daily, tacrolimus 3mg q AM and 4mg q PM NR, died 5 days after CM diagnosis NR Y Blood, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 7 Dierberg (34) 19 B M Kidney transplant Tacrolimus, prednisone, MMF/ dose NR NR NR Y Blood Survived 8 Dierberg (34) 45 W F Kidney/pancreas transplant Tacrolimus, prednisone, MMF/ dose NR NR, CM was diagnosed postmortem NR Y Blood Died 9 Keckich (35) 49 B F Kidney transplant Thymoglobulin, tacrolimus, prednisone/ dose NR NR NR Y Meninges Survived 10 Keckich (35) 64 W M Liver transplant Tacrolimus, prednisone/ dose NR NR NR Y Soft tissue Survived 11 Kokseng (36) 18 A F Kidney transplant MMF, tacrolimus/ dose NR MMF d/c, tacrolimus dose decreased Y N Cutaneous, meninges Survived 12 Mitter (37) 50 NR M Crohn’s disease 100 mg daily, adalimumab/ dose NR Both were d/c N Y Appendicular osteomyelitis, cutaneous, meninges and CNS abscess, soft tissue Died 13 Carvalho (38) 62 W M Kidney transplant Cyclosporine and prednisolone/ dose NR Doses of both were reduced N N CNS abscess Died 14 Keckich 74 W M Type of malignancy Steroids/ dose NR NR NR Y Blood Survived mercaptopurine
33 Wright (54) 28 B M Kidney transplant Regimen and dose NR NR NR Y Axial osteomyelitis, CNS abscess, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 34 Yorgin (55) 13 NR F Lupus nephritis Pulse cyclophosphamide/ 500 mg/m2, daily steroids/ dose NR NR NR Y CNS abscess, lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 35 Fishco (56) 40 NR F Sarcoidosis Prednisone, 10 mg and 20 mg on alternate days NR NR N Appendicular osteomyelitis Survived 36 Erly (57) 74 NR M Waldenström's macroglobulinemia Steroid therapy for 2 years and intermittent chemotherapy for 5 years/ dose NR NR NR Y Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 37 Smilack (58) 72 NR F Pulmonary sarcoidosis Varying doses of prednisone for 5.5 years/ doses NR Prednisone d/c N Y Axial osteomyelitis, cutaneous, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Survived 38 Banuelos (59) 50 L M Liver transplant Azathioprine, prednisone, tacrolimus/ dose NR NR NR Y Axial osteomyelitis, CNS abscess and meninges Survived 39 Wagner (60) 34 L F Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Two courses of ONCEP, one course of ESHAP/ Immunosuppressive therapy was delayed N Y Axial osteomyelitis Died
doses NR 40 Mischel (61) 30 L M HIV No ART given CD4 count 80/ μL N/A/ diagnosed postmortem Y CNS abscess and meninges Died 41 Gold (62) 36 NR M HIV Treated with zidovudine CD4 count 7/μL N/A Y Cutaneous, lymphadenitis, meninges, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 42 Zar (63) 28 NR M HIV No ART given CD4 count 576/μL N/A N Axial osteomyelitis, blood, meninges, soft tissue Survived 43 Dodd (64) 60 L M Liver transplant Prednisone and cyclosporine/ doses NR NR NR Y Soft tissue Died 44 Byrne (65) 57 NR M HIV No ART given CD4 count 10/ μL N/A Y Blood, meninges, soft tissue Died of other cause 45 Prichard (66) 28 L M HIV No ART given CD4 count NR N/A Y Axial osteomyelitis, cutaneous Died 46 Vartivarian (67) 29 W M Heart transplant Cyclosporine, 400 mg daily, rabbit antithymocyte globulin, 500 mg intramuscular daily, and prednisone 60 mg daily. Prednisone was tapered to 5 mg/day Patient died <1 mo after infection presentation; CM diagnosed postmortem Y Axial osteomyelitis, blood, cutaneous, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died
58 Ampel (68) 58 W M HIV ART NR CD4 count NR N/A Y Blood Died 59 Ampel (68) 32 B M HIV No ART given CD4 count NR N/A Y Blood Died 60 Wolf (69) 36 W M HIV No ART given CD4 count 6.1 K N/A N Cutaneous, lymphadenitis, soft tissue Survived 61 Parker (70) 30 NR M Lupus nephritis Prednisone 200 mg daily, cyclophosphamide 300 mg daily Prednisone was tapered Y Y Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue Survived 62 Abrams (71) 30 W M HIV No ART given CD4 count 2.7 K N/A Y Axial osteomyelitis, blood, lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 63 Kovacs (72) 30 L M HIV No ART given CD4 count 2.9 K N/A Y Lymphadenitis, soft tissue Died of other cause 64 Howard (73) 39 Nat Am M Kidney transplant Prednisone 40 mg daily, azathioprine 125 mg daily NR NR, patient died 1 week after hospitalization for infection Y Soft tissue Died 65 Howard (73) 32 W M Lupus nephritis Prednisone 5 mg daily NR NR Y Axial osteomyelitis, blood, meninges, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Survived
66 Brewer (74) 51 W M Heart transplant Azathioprine, methylprednisone, antilymphocyte globulin/ doses NR NR NR Y CNS abscess, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 67 MacDonald (75) 5.5 W M ALL Monthly doses of vincristine sulfate (1.5 mg intravenously), prednisone (40 mg/day for 5 days), weekly oral doses of methotrexate (20 mg per dose), and daily doses of (75 mg) All immunosuppressives were held Y Y Cutaneous, lymphadenitis Survived 68 Allen (76) 66 W M Emphysema Prednisone/ 35 mg daily No Died three days after CM diagnosed and antifungals given Y Soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 69 Gardner (77) 1 W M Rhinitis, stridor and cough unresponsive to antibiotics Dexamethasone/ dose NR D/C Y Y Soft tissue Survived 70 Kaplan (78) 20 W M Kidney transplant Prednisone 30 mg every other day, azathioprine, 50 mg daily. Both were d/c Y Y Cutaneous, meninges, soft tissue Survived 71 Davis (79) 32 B M Presumed pulmonary sarcoidosis Steroids/ dose NR D/C N Y Meninges Survived 72 Halpern (80) 23 B M Sarcoidosis Steroids/ dose NR NR NR Y Axial osteomyelitis, Survived
lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) 73 Harvey (81) 23 L F Lupus nephritis Prednisone 60 mg daily Tapered to 12.5 mg/day N N Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue Survived 74 Schroter (82) 44 L F Kidney transplant Prednisone 200 mg daily, azathioprine 150 daily N CM Diagnosed postmortem Y Lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 75 Lee (83) 48 NR F Kidney transplant Prednisone 20 mg daily; azathioprine 150 mg NR NA Y Cutaneous Survived 76 Krulig (84) 57 L M Pemphigus vulgaris Betamethasone 12 mg daily, azathioprine 200 mg daily N CM Diagnosed postmortem Y Axial osteomyelitis, lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 77 Deresinski (85) 32 L F Hodgkin’s lymphoma Prednisone 40 mg daily NR CM diagnosed postmortem Y Axial osteomyelitis, lymphadenitis, meninges, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died 78 Deresinski (85) 16 W M Hodgkin’s lymphoma MOPP NR Patient died 9 days after nodules appeared Y Axial osteomyelitis, lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) Died
Case No. First Author Age (Y) Sex PMH Pulmonary disease Location of Dissemination Antifungals Used Surgery Abscess/ Fluid Drainage No. of Relapses Final Outcome 1 Fierer (86) 52 B M Other illness N Cutaneous, soft tissue LA, F, P N N 0 Survived 2 Duplessis (87) 30 B M Other infection Y Axial/ appendicular osteomyelitis LA, P, IFN- γ N N 0 Survived 3 Duplessis (87) 23 B M None N Axial osteomyelitis (multiple locations) LA, I, P, IFN- γ Y N 0 Survived 4 (88) 20 L M Other infection Y Cutaneous, soft tissue LA, F N N 1 Death from other causes 5 Keckich (39) 70 W M Other illness Y Blood, Meninges, soft tissue F N N 0 Survived 6 Keckich (39) 63 B M Other illness Y Blood, Soft tissue (2 or more locations) F N N 0 Survived 7 Keckich (39) 47 W M Other illness Y Blood 8 Kwok (89) 50 NR M None Y Cutaneous, lymphadenitis F N N 0 Survived 9 Kwok (89) 42 NR M Other infection/ Other illness N Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue A, F N N 0 Death from other causes 10 Wilde (90) 42 B F Other illness Y Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue A, F N N 1 Death from other causes
46 Holley (101) 32 NR M NR N Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue A, I N N 0 Survived 47 Erly (57) 33 NR M None N Meninges and CNS abscess, soft tissue F N N 1 Died 48 Polesky (102) 41 B F None N Lymphadenitis, soft tissue A, F, I N N 4 Survived 49 Polesky (102) 48 M Other illness Y Cutaneous, lymphadenitis, soft tissue A, F, I N N 1 Survived 50 Koehler (103) 32 As M None Y Osteomyelitis (unspecified location), cutaneous, lymphadenitis, soft tissue A, LA, F, I, K N N 0 Survived 51 Cunningham (28) 32 B M None Y Axial and appendicular osteomyelitis, cutaneous, soft tissue A, F N N N/A NR 52 Westphal (104) 25 NR M NR N Axial osteomyelitis, cutaneous A, F N N 2 Died 53 Herron (105) 34 B M NR N Axial osteomyelitis, soft tissue A Y Y 0 Survived 54 Woo (106) 63 NR F None Y Cutaneous, lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) A N N 0 Died 55 Banuelos (59) 45 L M Other illness Y Osteomyelitis (unspecified location), A Y N 1 Died
65 Schwartz (112) 71 W M Other illness Y Meninges, soft tissue (2 or more locations) A, F, K N N 1 Survived 66 Chen (113) 28 As M None Y Cutaneous, lymphadenitis F N N 1 Survived 67 Jitsukawa (114) 39 As M Other illness Y Axial osteomyelitis, cutaneous, soft tissue I, M N N 2 Survived 68 Ampel (68) 19 W M None Y Blood, Soft tissue (2 or more locations) A N N 0 Survived 69 Ampel (68) 23 B M None N Blood, Cutaneous, soft tissue A N N 0 Survived 70 Gillespie (115) 1 B M None N Axial and appendicular osteomyelitis, soft tissue A, I, K Y N 0 Survived 71 Weisman (116) 21 W M None N Lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) A, I, K Y Y 2 Survived 72 Parker (70) 37 NR M NR Y Axial osteomyelitis, cutaneous, meninges A N N 0 Survived 73 Howard (73) 19 W M None Y Blood, Soft tissue (2 or more locations) A N N 0 Survived 74 Meyer (117) 44 W M Other infection Y Cutaneous, meninges and CNS abscess, lymphadenitis, soft tissue (2 or more locations) A Y Y 4 Died 75 Burch (118) 35 B M None N Axial osteomyelitis, cutaenous A N N 1 Death from other causes