from place to place. (4-PS3-2) Energy can also be transferred from place to place by electric currents, which can then be used locally to produce motion, sound, heat, or light. The currents may have been produced to begin with by transforming the energy of motion into electrical energy. (4-PS3-2),(4-PS3-4) PS3.C: Relationship Between Energy and Forces When objects collide, the contact forces transfer energy so as to change the objects’ motions. (4-PS3-3) PS3.D: Energy in Chemical Processes and Everyday Life The expression “produce energy” typically refers to the conversion of stored energy into a desired form for practical use. (4-PS3-4) ESS3.A: Natural Resources Energy and fuels that humans use are derived from natural sources, and their use affects the environment in multiple ways. Some resources are renewable over time, and others are not. (4-ESS3-1) ETS1.A: Defining Engineering Problems [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the change in the energy due to the change in speed, not on the forces, as objects interact.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include quantitative measurements of energy.] 4-PS3-4. Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another.* [Clarification Statement: Examples of devices could include electric circuits that convert electrical energy into motion energy of a vehicle, light, or sound; and, a passive solar heater that converts light into heat. Examples of constraints could include the materials, cost, or time to design the device.] [Assessment Boundary: Devices should be limited to those that convert motion energy to electric energy or use stored energy to cause motion or produce light or sound.] 4-ESS3-1. Obtain and combine information to describe that energy and fuels are derived from natural resources and their uses affect the environment. [Clarification Statement: Examples of
between wave peaks). PS4.C: Information Technologies and Instrumentation Digitized information transmitted over long distances without significant degradation. High-tech devices, such as computers or cell phones, can receive and decode information—convert it from digitized form to voice—and vice versa. (4-PS4-3) ETS1.C: Optimizing The Design Solution Different solutions need to be tested in order to determine which of them best solves the problem, given the criteria and the constraints. (secondary to waves, or quantitative models of amplitude and wavelength.] 4-PS4-3. Generate and compare multiple solutions that use patterns to transfer information.* [Clarification Statement: Examples of solutions could include drums sending coded 4.Structure, Function, and Information Processing Disciplinary Core Ideas Students who demonstrate understanding can: Connections to other DCI’s and Articulations Essential Vocabulary (Highlight denotes District Content Vocabulary) Science Assessment Probes Science Demos, Labs/Activities PS4.B: Electromagnetic Radiation An object can be seen when light reflected from its surface enters the eyes. (4-PS4-2) 4-PS4-2. Develop a model to describe that light reflecting from objects and entering the eye allows objects to be seen. Connections: N/A Articulations: 1.PS4.B (4-PS4-2); Light Reflected (reflection, reflecting, reflect) Internal structure Science Probe: “Can It Reflect Light?”