Moving and Handling Health and Self-Care Birth-11 months • Turns head in response to sounds and sights. • Gradually develops ability to hold up own head. • Makes movements with arms and legs which gradually become more controlled. • Rolls over from front to back, from back to front. • When lying on tummy becomes able to lift first head and then chest, supporting self with forearms and then straight arms. • Watches and explores hands and feet, e.g. when lying on back lifts legs into vertical position and grasps feet. • Reaches out for, touches and begins to hold objects. • Explores objects with mouth, often picking up an object and holding it to the mouth. • Responds to and thrives on warm, sensitive physical contact and care. • Expresses discomfort, hunger or thirst. • Anticipates food routines with interest. 8-20months • Sits unsupported on the floor. • When sitting, can lean forward to pick up small toys. • Pulls to standing, holding on to furniture or person for support. • Crawls, bottom shuffles or rolls continuously to move around. • Walks around furniture lifting one foot and stepping sideways (cruising), and walks with one or both hands held by adult. • Takes first few steps independently. • Passes toys from one hand to the other. • Holds an object in each hand and brings them together in the middle, e.g. holds two blocks and bangs them together. • Picks up small objects between thumb and fingers. • Enjoys the sensory experience of making marks in damp sand, paste or paint. • Holds pen or crayon using a whole hand (palmar) grasp and makes random marks with different strokes. • Opens mouth for spoon. • Holds own bottle or cup. • Grasps finger foods and brings them to mouth. • Attempts to use spoon: can guide towards mouth but food often falls off. • Can actively cooperate with nappy changing (lies still, helps hold legs up). • Starts to communicate urination, bowel movement. 16-26 months • Walks upstairs holding hand of adult. • Comes downstairs backwards on knees (crawling). • Beginning to balance blocks to build a small tower. • Makes connections between their movement and the marks they make. • Develops own likes and dislikes in food and drink. • Willing to try new food textures and tastes. • Holds cup with both hands and drinks without much spilling. • Clearly communicates wet or soiled nappy or pants.
or friends. • Shows interest in different occupations and ways of life. • Knows some of the things that make them unique, and can talk about some of the similarities and differences in relation to friends or family. • Talks about why things happen and how things work. • Developing an understanding of growth, decay and changes over time. • Shows and concern for living things and the environment. • Shows skill in making toys work by pressing parts or lifting flaps to achieve effects such as sound, movements or new images. • Knows that information can be retrieved from computers. 40-60+ months • Enjoys joining in with family customs and routines. • Looks closely at similarities, differences, patterns and change. • Completes a simple program on a computer. • Uses ICT hardware to interact with age-appropriate computer software. Early Learning Goal Children talk about past and present events in their own lives and in the lives of family members. They know that other children don’t always enjoy the same things, and are sensitive to this. They know about similarities and differences between themselves and others, and among families, communities and traditions. Children know about similarities and differences in relation to places, objects, materials and living things. They talk about the features of their own immediate environment and how environments might vary from one another. They make observations of animals and plants and explain why some things occur, and talk about changes. Children recognise that a range of technology is used in places such as homes and schools. They select and use technology for particular purposes.