monitoring and evaluation. AFRICA Indigenous Peoples’ participation in projects: Bank projects often contribute to land grabbing and do not support Indigenous Peoples’ development. Bank staff knows the project’s location, and help with acquisition of project land. Indigenous Peoples’ play little or no role. The Bank should revisit the process to ensure Indigenous Peoples’ participation. Often the borrower does not include concerns from Indigenous Peoples on the ground. It is important to have someone from outside to listen to both sides. The Inspection Panel can address disputes but another layer is needed. Critical need to involve social scientists in project identification and preparation: Participants deplored the frequent absence of social scientists with proven expertise on Indigenous Peoples’ issues in project teams, particularly on the government side. Participants proposed that one way to address this issue is to build the capacity of Indigenous Peoples and increase their presence in government. When compensation is involved, there’s a drought: the social network is broken and is very difficult to rebuild or to compensate for. There is a need for social scientists focused on Indigenous Peoples and with the required expertise to be involved in project preparation. Attracting development projects based on Indigenous Peoples’ interests and values: Participants proposed to explore ways in which Indigenous Peoples can attract economic development based on their interests and values, which would give them a stronger voice in the planning and decision-making process. An indigenous person should be part of the project team so that issues specific to indigenous communities can be adequately addressed and reflected in project design. SOUTHEAST ASIA (Vietnam) Stakeholders, including those affected by the project (Indigenous Peoples) directly participate in the planning process. SOUTHEAST ASIA (Cambodia) Planning should be done together with Indigenous Peoples regarding development in their areas, and encourage Indigenous Peoples’ participation in all development activities at their local level. SOUTHEAST ASIA (Indonesia) To effectively involve Indigenous Peoples in planning and decision making processes, they need to be represented so that their needs and concerns can be raised, and to help in monitoring the overall process. It is urgent, at least in Indonesia, that Indigenous Peoples’ communities be encouraged to fully and effectively engage in all levels of planning, implementation, monitoring as well as in decision-making processes. PHILIPPINES
Participation from project preparation stage At project preparation, form an appraisal team which is composed of Indigenous Peoples to ensure that customary laws and practices are taken into consideration. Projects implemented by certain agencies undergo pre-project preparation where an appraisal team composed of Indigenous Peoples, NGOs, and civil society groups is created. However, in reality, most of the projects are already approved, and this violates the Indigenous Peoples’ rights. In this case, Indigenous Peoples are treated as mere beneficiaries and not as partners. Indigenous Peoples’ information and data Community-driven or determined; communities themselves to do the work, i.e., enumeration, facilitation. Assistance in budget preparation and management of information system Ancestral domain recognition Alienable areas are still a part of ancestral domain. Support for title rights of Indigenous Peoples is needed. Assistance to ancestral domain sustainable development formulation and implementation (sustainable mechanism). Indigenous Peoples have limited participation in activities related to environmental and climate change. Recognition and acceptance of customary law in the context of global guidelines. NEPAL Currently, project design is communicated to Indigenous Peoples in a top-down direction, whereas it should go the other way. The needs assessment in the Indigenous Peoples communities should be done first, and then the project design should follow to respond to the communities’ needs. Access to information: The Bank’s country program needs to be more transparent, accessible and inclusive. Full participation in all key stages: Indigenous Peoples communities should participate in the project from the initial stage, at the decision-making level. Effective participation in design and monitoring stages is key. It is also important to involve Indigenous Peoples communities in the project steering committee. Project management should be responsive to Indigenous Peoples’ concerns. It is also important to consider the mechanisms and processes for effective participation. Benefit sharing: The Bank should incentivize participation through benefit sharing, and encourage Indigenous Peoples to participate in the whole process as beneficiaries. Financial resources: Financial resources need to be allocated and audited to ensure Indigenous Peoples’ participation. Indigenous Peoples’ skills and capacities are important to be able to participate in the planning process. CHINA