Secondary enrollment rates Secondary enrollment rates in Belarus and Ukraine are above the ECA regional average. In contrast, the secondary enrollment rate in Moldova is below the ECA regional average. The gender gap in net secondary enrollment rates in Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine is low. Secondary enrollment rates (%, net), latest Source: WDI. Notes: ECA refers to developing countries only. 2010 data for Moldova and Ukraine; 2009 for ECA, and 2008 for Belarus. No data available for the Russian Federation. Tertiary enrollment rates The gender gap in tertiary education in the sub-region is large, compared to that in primary and secondary education, and is in favor of girls. Belarus has the largest gender gap in tertiary education in the sub-region. Tertiary enrollment rates (%, gross), latest Source: WDI. Notes: ECA refers to developing countries only. 2010 data for Moldova and Ukraine; 2009 for the Russian Federation and ECA; and 2008 for Belarus. Subject-related gender segregation Based on the Duncan Index, the level of gender segregation in tertiary education in Belarus is higher than the regional average. Roughly 40 percent of boys in Belarus would have to change their fields of study in order to equalize enrollments across fields for boys and girls. Duncan Index*, 2007 – 2009 average Source: WDI, original data is based on national household surveys. No data available for Moldova, the Russian Federation and Ukraine. * The Duncan Index measures the percentage of male students that would have to change field of study to equalize enrollments for boys and girls across the academic fields Endowments – Health Gender gap in life expectancy Life expectancy gender gap*, in years, 2009
Monthly wages gender gap In Russia, the average monthly salary for female workers relative to male earnings is significantly below the ECA regional average. In Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova, the gender gap in monthly earnings is comparable to the ECA regional average. Female earnings relative to $1 male earnings (cents), latest available Source: UNECE. Notes: Gender pay gap is the difference between men’s and women’s average earnings from employment, shown as a percentage of men’s average earnings. Data for Belarus is for 2008, 2009 for the Russian Federation, 2010 for Ukraine, 2011 for Moldova, and 2007 – 2011 for ECA. Data accessed in September 2012. Women employers: gender gap among employers In Moldova and Russia, the gender gap in the share of employees is below the ECA regional average, although the overall share of employers is small for both of the countries. Gender gap among employers (% points), 2008 Source: WDI. Notes: ECA refers to developing countries only and OECD to OECD members. Data shows the difference between the share of men and women employers as a percentage of total employment. No data available for Belarus and Ukraine. Sectoral Most of the female workers are employed in the services sector throughout the sub-region. Moldova has the highest share of women employed in the agriculture sector, and Belarus boasts the largest share of female workers in industry. Throughout the sub-region, the gender gap in is especially large in the services sector, with a higher share of women employees. Sectoral employment (% of total employees), 2008 Source: WDI. Notes: ECA refers to developing countries only and OECD to high-income