drain water (1) fibres interweave (1) suction box and rollers draw out more water (1) sizing agents added during drying process (1) Rollers can be adjusted for thickness grades of paper DESCRIPTION APPLICATION AESTHETICS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES PICTURE Drawing Papers p32-33 Layout Paper Thin translucent paper with a smooth surface Outline sketches Sketching and developing ideas Marker renderings 50 gsm Translucent property Accepts most drawing media (except paints) (1) so allows overlay and images to be traced/copy through pages. (1) Smooth surface finish (1) so accepts most drawing media. (1) expensive Tracing Paper Thing transparent paper with smooth surface. Pale grey in appearance Same as layout paper 60-90 gsm Allows tracing through to another sheet in order to develop design ideas Heavier weights can be expensive Copier Paper Lightweight grade of quality paper. Good quality bleached surface. Black and white photocopying and printing from inker jet and laser printers 80 gsm Bright white Available in a range of colours Inexpensive when bought in bulk Cartridge Paper Creamy-white paper. Smooth surface with a slight with a slight texture Drawing paper 120-150 gsm Completely opaque Accepts most drawing media More expensive than copier commercial printing papers p32-33 Bond Paper High-quality durable writing paper that often carries a watermark. Letterheads Stationary and as paper for electronic printers 50+ gsm Made from rag pulp meaning it is stronger than wood pulp Long-wearing paper Available in wide range of colours Durable/doesn’t rip easily (1) High quality surface finish/printing surface (1) Good quality paper(1) Coated Paper Covered with a suspension of china clay, pigment and adhesive to give a smooth surface finish. High-quality printer jobs 70-300 gsm Gives shiny/glossy finish. (1) • Enhances product impression of quality/more Relatively expensive
• Not easy to replicate information held (1) • Do not require direct line of sight to work (1) • Can assist services in tracking products (1) • Range can be greater distance: Active (1) smart ink Mimics the appearance of ordinary ink on paper. Electronic paper was developed in order to overcome some of the limitations of computer monitors Electronic books Storing digital versions of books Electronic newspapers Tiny pit containing a small number of black and white beads • The pixels have an inherently stable ‘memory effect’ that requires no power to maintain an image. shape memory alloys (small)s A shape-memory alloy (SMA, smart metal, memory metal, memory alloy, muscle wire, smart alloy) is an alloy that "remembers" its original, cold-forged shape: returning the pre-deformed shape by heating. This material is a lightweight, solid-state alternative to conventional actuators such as hydraulic, pneumatic, and systems. Shape-memory alloys have applications in industries including medical and aerospace. • high level of recoverable plastic strain that can be induced Binding p46 APPLICATION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES PICTURE saddle-wire stitching brochures weekly magazines comics ideal for signature feed processes printed materials can be laid flat to read relatively inexpensive when produced commercially lower-quality, visual appearance not durable as centre pages can esily fall apart side-wire stitching Information booklets Revision materials Used when the document is too thick Ideal for binding multiples of single sheets of papers without folds Cannot lay printed materials flat to read as it causes damage to spine Lower-quality visual appearance perfect binding Paperback books Glossy magazines Catalouges Better quality Better presentations and visual appeal with printable spine rather than staples Glued spine provides longevity for a monthly magazine Expensive commercial process hard-bound or case-bound Hardback books Quality presentations School yearbooks Sewn-in pages Stiff board is used in the cover to protect the pages High quality, professional binding method Extremely durable Stiff card covers protect pages (1) Extremely durable/hardwearing (1) Impression of professional quality/value for money impression(1) Sewn-in pages do not fall out (1) Generally lasts longer Very expensive commercial process Time consuming to produce (1) Expensive in materials compared to perfect/other binding (1) Expensive for machines compared to perfect/other binding (1) Books often heavier/bigger (1)
than other bound book types (1) Spiral or comb binding. Business reports documents relatively inexpensive fairly good-quality visual appearance printed materials can be laid flat to read • Temporary binding (1) and functional (1) • Easy to fit after training (1) and punch paper (1) • Inexpensive (only if qualified) (1) in terms of comb price and running costs/suitable for personal documentation (1) • Allows pages to open flat (1) provides easy viewing / don’t have to hold open(1) • Pages can be added/removed (1) using low-cost specialist machine (1) not durable as document can easily fall apart or tear down perforations • Bulky (1) so reduces space in document folder (1) • Paper can tear (1) binder can open when pulled (1) • Not very strong/durable (1)not suitable for large documents as pages can easily fall out (1) • Need specialist machine to fit binder (1) so cannot be used unless specialist equipment obtained (1) • Does not look aesthetically pleasing (1) giving low quality impression (1) Drawing p50-51 APPLICATION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Marks for PHOTOS isometric Ideal for sketching design ides and illustrating product design Accurate to show three faced object Circles appear slightly distorted 2-point perspective Widely used method for illustrating product designs, architecture and inferior designs Can see an object from three views : Worms eye-view Street eye-view Birds eye-view Cannot see behind object from one drawing Perspective construction lines (1) • accurate representation of object outline (1) • Correct proportion/reasonable proportions (1) • Radii corners (1) • Top toast slot detail (1) • End slider details (1) 3rd angle orthographic projection to BSI standards Engineering drawings, planning for models and prototypes Represents 3D object in 2D by using multiple views f the object. nets developments Structural packaging design Makes 3D shapes when folded If measurements are wrong it will ruin the whole net PROCESSES ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES 9 Computer-aided design (CAD) p43-45 2D design to create and modify designs a wide range of hatching styles and fonts available the ability to easily modify an existing drawing Able to see 3D view (1) so saves money on costly real models. (1) Easy to manipulate/alter/edit (1) to allow (1) Library of Costly computers and software