Appendix 4 Context analysis methodology The Pacific Women Support Unit provided a set of documents for the analysis and set of themes was agreed: General context Papua New Guinea economy and developments in energy, transport, communications, health and education. Context related to Pacific Women’s thematic areas Policy / legal environment women’s leadership and influence women’s economic empowerment family and sexual violence. The documents provided were imported into NVivo for coding. A relative lack of very recent material became apparent during coding, leading to the identification of some additional material to fill gaps. Once coding was completed a summary was generated for each theme, and compared against a baseline consisting of the context analysis summary in the 2014-2019 Pacific Women Papua New Guinea Country Plan (see Appendix 5.4 – Appendix Table 2 below). The baseline analysis used the Rao framework, which is helpful for identifying where change is occurring in a system. A modified version of this framework based on Oxfam’s Guide for Measuring Women’s Empowerment was used for the 2017 context analysis. The draft analysis was presented for validation at the 2017 Pacific Women Annual Learning Workshop and then revised to correct errors and fill gaps identified by implementing partners. The process is summarised in the figure below. The initial sources used in the context analysis are identified in Table 5. Additional material used in the finalisation after the Annual Learning Workshop validation are also identified. Table 5: Context analysis summary 2014–2019 Pacific Women Papua New Guinea Country Plan Table 6: Initial sources for context analysis ** Indicated as priority sources by Pacific Women Support Unit ++ Provided by Pacific Women Support Unit Priority Topics Priority sources** Other sources Country Plan Themes Women’s leadership & Influence SSGM 2016 McIntyre 2017 Brimacombe 2017 WB 2012++ NDCD 2014 Women’s economic empowerment WB 2014 WB 2012 DPC blog posts
Design, develop and roll out a program to increase women’s leadership in local and provincial government (elected, appointed and administrative). Increased Women’s Representation in Local Government Young Women’s Leadership Project in Leadership Support Program Implemented by the Centre for Democratic Institutions from May – Aug 2013 in the Eastern Highlands. In progress. In progress. 350,000 646,320 1,937,592 Work with men in local, district and provincial government to reduce barriers to women’s equality. None to date Several projects work with men, but not specifically with men in government. An example is: Komuniti Lukautim Ol Meri which focuses on primary prevention, engaging with men, counselling and support services. Improved opportunities for women in parliament and within elections / ($3,000,000) Support for New Guinea efforts to increase fairness in elections. Support stakeholders to increase parliamentary capacity to represent interests. A scholarships program for women to access short governance courses. Voter Education Leadership Support Women in Leadership Support Program In progress. In progress. Not funded or managed through Pacific Women – but progressing with Australia Awards 451,888 see above Strengthening local women’s voices to advocate women’s issues within, for example, agreements in the extractives sector; legislation and service delivery / ($1,500,000) Provide technical assistance to mining councils to renegotiate community mining agreements. Resource effective women’s networks so they can perform their work more easily. Papua New Guinea Women in Mining expected to start in Scoping mission in progress to identify activities in specific locations. Memorandum of Understanding with World Bank and Mining Resources Authority in process. $520,000 Expansion of UN Women Safe Cities/Markets program / ($6,000,000) Expand, modify & refine safe markets concept to include wholesaling and to introduce and expand the provision of learning and banking, education & childcare services at markets. Safe Markets Construction Koki Market Transit Centre In progress. Completed April 2017. 4,200,000 492,508 Establish a safe bus program for to increase safety for women accessing produce markets. Safe Transport In progress. 3,000,000
Pacific into a Safe House and Case Management and Counselling Service to support victims of Family and Sexual Violence. Innovation fund to prevent and raise awareness of family and sexual violence / ($5,000,000) An innovation and consolidation fund will be reserved to and test new approaches to preventing family and sexual violence and to consolidate promising but not yet sustainable activities. Komuniti Lukautim Ol Meri Positive Parenting SASA! Pilot (Family Support Centre Assistance) End Violence Against Children Campaign Femili PNG Highlands Sorcery-Related Violence Highlands Sexual Reproductive and Maternal Health In progress (Highlands Violence, Femili PNG, Komuniti Lukautim Ol Meri, Positive Parenting, End Violence Against Children Campaign, Highlands Sexual Reproductive and Maternal Health). 2,500,000 1,787,760 3,479,000 1,995,000 See for funding 1,000,000 Enhance knowledge and evidence to inform policy and practice Develop and implement a Research Strategy for Pacific Women Papua New Guinea / ($2,000,000) Strategy will be developed through a participatory workshop where existing knowledge and research questions will be identified and prioritised for research investment. None to date As an input to the Pacific Women Papua New Guinea Annual Conference in 2016, relevant research by partners was identified. A meeting outcome was a decision to support the development of a wider Papua New Guinea research group rather than pursuing a Pacific Women Papua New Guinea research strategy. Related investment: Research training Program implemented starting in 2017 by the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia program of the Australian National University. 695,458 Establishment of an annual learning forum for Pacific Women partners / ($250,000) In progress (annually) Annual conference/learning workshop held in 2016 and 2017. approx. 85,000/pa
Sources of Evidence (ALW: Annual Learning Workshop; APR: Annual Performance Report) Other outcomes Title Program & Total funding (AUD million) Timeframe Partners act together Partners use evidence Improved services Government promotes leadership and influence ODW coordinates & reports Skills to fulfil Women contest elections Mining agreements Inclusive Development in post-conflict Bougainville P: 2.500 T: 4.920 04/15 -- 03/18 IA IN IO GV FL visit, ALW, Evaluation, APR Women in informal leadership positions gaining skills for formulating and managing small-scale community infrastructure projects leading to an increase in positive perception of women. Increased involvement of women in village governance. Many sub-projects reduce women’s drudgery; some provide economic benefits. Strengthening of informal systems of social and political organisation within and around the communities. Women’s Forum P:0.062 T: 0.120 03/16-02/17 IO APR, https://goo.gl/NRJ4v9
WECREATE Challenge P: 0.293 T: 0.585 IN Field visit, ALW, APR Kirapim Kaikai na Maket, Tsak Valley P: 0.040 T: 0.040 IO APR Do No Harm: Research on women’s economic empowerment and violence against women in Melanesia P: 0.362 T: 0.532 02-2014-06/17 IA ALW, APR, http://tiny.cc/pp7ily Local researchers trained in Bougainville and the Highlands Dissemination of research findings and recommendations to other partners and stakeholders through Annual Learning Workshop 3. FSV Prevention and Response Key: The objective or outcome is not applicable: Too to assess or information insufficient to permit assessment: Clear evidence of progress towards the objective or outcome: Principles: IA: Applying Integrated Approach; IN: Testing innovative ideas; IO: Supporting indigenous organisations; GV: Supporting Government of Papua New Guinea policy and coordination; FL: Flexibility to respond to opportunities Activity Information Objectives Intended Outcomes Principles Sources of Evidence Other outcomes Title Program & Total funding (AUD million) Timeframe Partners act together Partners use evidence Improved services Referral pathways Government funds and coordinates services Reduced VAW Evidence available Lives saved Models of service delivery Prevention programs tested Advocacy coalitions
Komuniti Lukautim Ol Meri P: 2.500 T: 2.500 IA IN IO GV ALW, APR, Evaluation Establishment of a promising model to address violence against children. Gender Justice and Healing in Bougainville P: 1.693 T: 1.693 04/15-03/18 IN IO GV Field visit, ALW, APR Outreach via an exchange visit to a response team providing similar services in another province. Development of promising school-based modules. Partnership for Positive Parenting P: 1.788 T: 1.788 04/15-12/17 IA IN IO GV FL ALW, APR Knowledge, skills and experience gained by intended service providers (Catholic Archdioceses of Madang, Kundiawa and Mt Hagen) through piloting of the program. End Violence Against Children Campaign P: 1.995 T: 1.995 04/17-12/18 IA IN IO GV ALW, APR Successful provincial action plans attributed to action of church leaders. Highland Sexual Reproductive & Maternal Health P: 1.000 T: 2.000 07/15-06/17 IN IO GV ALW, APR More pregnant choosing to deliver at the Aseki Health Centre labour ward. SASA! Pilot and Family Support Centre Assistance P: 0.979 T: 1.148 10/15-09/17 IA IN IO GV FL ALW, APR, Field visit Family and sexual violence outreach to Safe Markets, sports sector and hospitality sectors.
Communication strategies for social change against sorcery-related violence P: 0.720 T: 0.896 08-16-06/19 IA IN IO GV FL ALW, APR, http://tiny.cc/9u7ily Improving state & interventions in overcoming sorcery accusations-related violence in Papua New Guinea P: 1.059 T: 1.867 09/16-06/20 IA IN IO GV APR, http://tiny.cc/agcjly
limited options or support for addressing livelihood needs.** Mature leaders are not necessarily willing to mentor and support young women. Poor roads and high transport costs hamper projects working in remote rural areas. Although there have been successes in targeting communities with a high level of need, gaps remain in family and sexual violence service provision most often related to geographical coverage which is the major challenge in successfully targeting and reaching vulnerable communities. Overstretched budget in the face of the coverage challenges in Papua New Guinea. In some cases, it has been possible to leverage funds from other DFAT sources to make project budgets more realistic. Achievement of coverage in the all three outcome areas in targeted locations C. Opportunities Strategies and Entry Points Relationships Work through existing structures rather than creating new ones. Develop a consistent, clear and inclusive national message around equality, using words that don’t put people off. Follow what works and build on successes. Geographical focus is important for sustainability. Develop a roadmap for achieving women’s economic empowerment in Papua New Guinea, drawing on learning from Pacific research. Take advantage of the political opportunity created by Papua New Guinea’s hosting of the APEC Leader’s Forum in 2018. Position family and sexual violence as a public health issue (an epidemic). Deepen New Guinea ownership of development projects by engaging more local organisations in implementation. Work with implementing partners who are committed to enhancing the capacity of the local partners they work with not just in core capabilities such as financial management and results reporting but more widely. Deepen relationships with District Development Authorities. Create more linkages with the private sector; much more could be done to leverage the influence of the private sector in leadership and influence, women’s economic empowerment, and violence response and services. Create more linkages with faith-based organisations, for example with the DFAT-funded Papua New Guinea Church Partnership Program.** Deepen relationships with the health and education sectors and with DFAT sectoral programs in these areas. Develop more systematic linkages between partners working in different intended outcomes. Develop more linkages with DFAT’s wider activities in enabling economic growth.