Legislation development/enactment Established processes to reach national goals Taking more advantage of all available international funding Improved technical will and capacity for environment agencies Enforcement (lack of) Sustainability of the process (succession planning) Lack of biodiversity mainstreaming Completing GEF application procedure NBSAP Steering/Working Committee established New NBSAP done! Identifying stakeholders Civil society attention Already have NBSAP, and in the process of revising it COP Guidelines Convention itself Private sector Limited time Mobilization of funding No political support Evidence base How to make the NBSAP work at the ground level Stakeholder participation, cooperation, communication (government and academia) Continuity of political will Agricultural modernization without consideration of biodiversity Mainstreaming across sectors and regions Private sector Incentives for all people NGO sector and biodiversity protection service of MOE are cooperating tightly in the process (that was missed earlier) Identifying stakeholders Strengthening national coordination Mainstreaming biodiversity in some sectors of economic and development activities Updated! Already have NBSAP and in process of updating and revising it Identification of national targets according to the Aichi Targets Building capacity Development projects are running very actively in the country and there might be barriers in the process of mainstreaming biodiversity Implementation CHM Funding Guiding framework to link national to local processes Updating ABS Bill to reflect Aichi Targets; signing and ratifying Interest of private sector to contribute Integration of other sectors at strategic levels Continued and increased commitment re protected areas network (e.g. SPERRGEBIET / Namib Escarpment / Coral Triangle / Micronesia Challenge / LMMA) Direct access of GEF-5 Enabling Act Fund Lack of capacity Scattered information/data Political priority in economic crisis Turning commitments into practical actions Donor dependency Local communities’ priorities Lack of coordination Achieving Agreement of National Policy , Political Buy-In Developing NBSAP in line with Strategic Plan for Biodiversity Developed planning process for NBSAP Developing integrated action plan for protected areas Sharing experiences with other countries at the workshop Mainstreaming into development agenda Lots of evidence of problems but need agreement on solutions Reliance on GEF to start NBSAP review process Integration of biodiversity into other sectors Insufficient resources Environment given lower priority than other sectors Government really putting strategy into practice Accessing resources (too many barriers)
Focus on biodiversity outcomes 2002 (early) Strategy and revised Strategy Biodiversity is of national importance (governments and stakeholders) Partnerships Strategies and Actions Plans and Priorities Cooperation (inter-governmental) Political will Translating NBSAPs into policy – implementation Mainstreaming (only ideas) Mainstreaming (monitoring) Practical tools for valuation Baseline information Capacity (financial and technical) Political will (communication) Integrating poverty and biodiversity Access to financial resources Collating and using available information All sectors reporting what the main interests are Consultation with many sectors Good technology for information on biodiversity management Articulation mechanism with governmental actors, provinces and civil society is established and strong Clear conceptual framework of the necessity of an integrated policy Monitoring large territory and multiple governments/states Monitoring Collaborative working between different governmental bodies Monitoring the process of construction of the Strategy Ensure effective participation of all the stakeholders as a continuous process Monitoring the effects of policy/activities Annex 4 “SMART” national targets proposed by groups STRATEGIC GOAL PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION PROPOSED TARGET B: Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use Agriculture sector (esp. cocoa plantation) Mining, both by larger mining companies and local populations Timber logging, both by larger companies and local people By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values are incorporated into the medium-term development plan for the agricultural sector to increase the proportion of certified cocoa plantations by 50%. (Same for forestry sector) By 2020, sector-based guidelines have been developed, biodiversity mainstreaming is adopted and effectively used in the national planning commission; 10% of key biodiversity areas is conserved. By 2020, 10% of the areas delivering multiple ecosystem services to the poor are placed under protection as part of the revised National Development Plan.
C: Improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity By 2020, our country would have 20% protected areas, comprising inland and wetland areas, which will be inventorised, where encroachment is prevented/controlled, ecological corridors established. By 2020, biodiversity resources are inventorised, gene bank established in communities, depleted areas rehabilitated and extinction prevented. D: Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services Problems identified re marine ecosystems: Human activities: exploitation, pollution, petroleum extraction Transboundary pollution Climate change IAS To maintain or restore the structure, productivity, biodiversity of the marine ecosystems and to ensure the creation of values through the sustainable use of ecosystem services. The extinction of threatened marine species shall be halted or the status for species in decline should be improved by 2020. D: Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services Problem: The development of national legislation and the implementation of all activities that would be necessary to comply with the Nagoya Protocol on ABS. Country X has national legislation that addresses ABS by 2014, and the operational mechanism to enforce the law by 2018. E: Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management and capacity building By December 2014, Country X will have reviewed and updated its NBSAP through a broad based participatory approach and adopted it as a policy instrument for biodiversity conservation, and at least 80% of the NBSAP actions will have been implemented by 2020. Annex 5 Barriers and opportunities for mainstreaming biodiversity Barriers Success Factors Accessing (GEF) funding (also time it takes) Political will (Priority) Capacity (human, other) Consensus (total engagement) Total awareness Networking
More focus on economic development Lack of knowledge/awareness on biodiversity of decision-makers Bureaucracy (rapid changes in government) Political will Stakeholders’ involvement Incentives Access to GEF funds too slow (solutions use external expertise instead of building local capacity) Biodiversity not a priority in others sectors despite mainstreaming Lack of information Lack of translating national strategies into local plans Mainstreaming effectively Effective stakeholder engagement Finance Time – not sure what implementation works yet Valuation tools Land ownership issues Legislation Partnerships Solid science Lack of valuation mechanisms that are implemented/established at a national level Strong economic drivers that are unsustainable Lack of clear mechanisms to guarantee from biodiversity and ecosystem services Building awareness and perception of the importance of biodiversity National political frameworks and planning processes established Awareness of the link between science/knowledge and policy Government buy-in (*stated by most respondants) Political commitment (need for engagement) Lack of knowledge about sending biodiversity message to overcome fear of change in sectors Lack of buy-in“ from other sectors No clear and precise indicators Difficulty to integrate into development; Convincing other sectors that biodiversity loss is a responsbility of all sectors and will have negative impacts on sectors Conflicting priorities of sectors Use personal contacts and networks of contacts as entry points to other sectors Stakeholder engagement and involvement, including ILCs NBSAP priorities are mainstreamed into the national development policy Develop agreed inter-ministrial agendas for mainstreaming Joint workshops to develop common agendas and ownership Rapid revision allows evolution of NBSAP Cabinet-level decision supported by Act Regular monitoring of implementation Jointly-implemented projects – especially for restoration Use high-profile media events to stimulate private sector interest and stimulate business engagement (e.g. hosting a CoP for Japan) Recognise the mandates of other sectors and work together to find mutual solutions (e.g. Working for Water) Use spatial planning as a communication and planning tool Use ex-situ conservation as a back-up strategy Annex 6 Results of the table discussions on mobilizing resources Problems in mobilising resources Causes Solutions sharing