population surveys (Interviews) 1996/97 to 19 % in 1994/95 and 2007-2008 full-time members of the Canadian forces. usually free of pain or discomfort?” Nakamura et al., 2011 [] 2010 Japan ≥18 60 11,507 15 Limited to pain associated with bone, muscle, joints, or nerves - ≥6 months - Present within the past month ≥ 5 on 10-point VAS scale Stiffness or pain Toblin et al., 2011 [] 2007 Kansas, US ≥18 Telephone interviews 53 4,090 28 General Non-institutionalised residents - - Chronic, occurs constantly or flares up frequently - Pain Wong & Fielding, 2011 [] 2007 Hong Kong ≥18 Telephone interviews 58 5,001 35 General Non-institutionalised residents >3 months - Currently troubled, either all the time, or on and [24]off - Physical pain or discomfort Raftery et al., 2011 [] 1994 Republic of Ireland ≥18 40 1,204 36 General Randomly recruited from 33 general practices. Excluded if terminal illness, cancer pain, severe mental illness or severe cognitive impairment. >3 months - Currently, either all the time or on and off - Pain or discomfort Hoftun et al., 2011 [] 2006 Nord-Trøndelag County, Norway 13-18 Paper questionnaires 78 7,373 44 General Pain not related to any disease or injury ≥3 months - At least once a week - Pain Haraldstad et al., 2011 [] - Norway (Eastern region) 8-18 Paper questionnaire 74 1,230 21 Limited to head, back, abdomen, arm, leg, ear, throat, chest, tooth. (girls were also asked about menstruation pain and pain in the pelvis) - ≥3 months - - - Pain Johannes et al., 2010 [] 2008 US ≥18 Paper questionnaires survey via web-enabled panel of US households) 76 27,036 34.5 General - ≥6 months - Chronic or long lasting, recurrent Not fleeting or minor Pain Currow et al., 2010 [] 2006 South Australia ≥15 Face-to-face interviews 66 2,973 18 General - ≥3 months During six months prior to the interview Daily - Pain Gunnarsdóttir et al., 2010 [] 2003 Iceland ≥18 Paper questionnaires 47 599 31 General - >3 months - Experienced the past week - Pain
Hardt et al., 2008 [] 1999 US ≥20 Face-to-face interview 72 10,271 13 Limited to 32 body regions. Non-institutionalised residents. NHANES 1999-2002. ≥3 months - Within the last month. Lasted ≥24 hours Not fleeting or Pain et al., 2007[] 2003 Hong Kong - Telephone interview 37 2126 35 General Computer assisted interview >3 months - Present at the time of interview - Pain Bhattarai et al., 2007 [] Nepal 15-64 Face-to-face interview Not (door to door 1730 47 General - >3 months - Lasting or recurring - Pain Parsons et al., 2007 [] 2001 South East quadrant of England ≥18 Paper questionnaire 60 2,504 41 General Sampled from 18 Medical Research Council General Practice Research Framework practices. Excluded by GPs if terminal illness, severe psychiatric disorder, severe dementia or inappropriate to approach >3 months - Currently troubled either all of the time or on and off - Pain Scott et al., 2006 [] New-Zealand ≥16 Face-to-face interview 73 7, 435 39 Arthritis, rheumatism, chronic back or neck problems, frequent or severe headaches, other chronic pain Recruited from households - Experienced in the past 12 months - - Chronic pain or problems Svebak et al., 2006 ‡ [] 1995 Nord-Trøndelag County, Norway ≥20 Paper questionnaire 71 64,690 45 Neck, shoulders, elbows, wrist/hands, upper back, lower back, hips, knees, ankles/feet - ≥3 months During the last year Continuously - Pain or stiffness in muscles or joints Tripp et al., 2006 [] 2004 Southeastern Ontario, Canada 18-94 Telephone interview 49 (of successful contacts) 1,067 37 General - ≥90 days Over the past 6 months - - Pain Torrance et al., 2006 [] - UK (Grampian, Leeds, London) >18 Paper questionnaire 52 3,002 48 Limited to neck or shoulder, head, face, or teeth, stomach or abdomen, arms or hands, chest, hips, and legs or feet General practitioners screened sample list from their registered population and excluded subjects in whom inquiry might be insensitive or inappropriate. Each excluded subject was replaced by another >3 months - Currently, either all the time or on and off - Pain or discomfort
Magni et al., 1993 [] ‡ - US (NHANES) 32-86 Face-to-face Unclear in the article 2,341 33 Limited to neck, back, hip or knee or having swelling and pain in joints Non-institutionalised residents ≥1 months In the 12 months preceding the interview. Most days - Pain or significant swelling of joints Andersson et al., 1993 [] 1988 Bromölla and Simrishamn, Sweden 25-74 Paper questionnaire 90 1,609 55 (3 months) 49 (6 months) General Not temporary pain like a sprain or a little burn >3 months >6 months - Persistent or regularly recurrent - Ache or pain Bowsher et al., 1991 [] 1990 UK ≥15 Telephone interview Unclear in the article 1,037 12 General Recruited from households >3 months - Had lasted on or off - Pain Magni et al., 1990 [] 1974 US (NHANES) 25-74 Face-to-face Unclear in the article 3,023 17 (20) Limited to neck, back, hip or knee or having swelling and pain in joints Non-institutionalised residents ≥1 months In the 12 months preceding the interview. Most days - Pain or significant swelling of joints Brattberg et al., 1989 [] - A county of Sweden 18-84 Paper questionnaire or telephone interview 82 827 40 Limited to head, face, mouth, neck, shoulders, arms, chest, abdomen, pelvis, upper back, lower back, hips, legs - ≥6 months - - Affected to quite a high degree or more and was like being stiff after exercise or more Pain and/or discomfort ‡ Follow-up article