Fishing zone Local, in estuaries, bays, and up to 3nm Up to 12 nm or _ hours of distance of the home/landing port Coastal, up to 30 nm or _ hours of distance of the home/landing port Coastal, up to 200 nm from the Seasonality Influenced by the wind and season and by the agricultural period Influenced by the wind and season, and by the processing/conservation technicians Resources Resources, market demand Target resource Moluscs, small pelagics and small demersals, small shrimps, demersals of rocky bottoms, gathering of the shrimp by-catch Small pelagic, small demersals, demersals of rocky bottoms, shrimp, sharks and other large pelagics Shrimp, rocky bottom demersals, large pelagics Shrimp, crustaceans of profundity, tuna and other large pelagics On conservation Sun protection Sun protection, ice Ice Freezing Catch destination Auto-consumption, dry processed Local market, dry-salt processed, interior market, regional market Local market, processed and frozen on land, regional market Processed and frozen at board, international market Licensing conditions Licensing at the district for registration; symbolic tax Licensing at the district; more elevated tax Licensing at the DPP; tax dependent on the fishery type Licensing at DNAP; tax dependent on the fishery Source of investment Dependent of savings or individual work, PCR (Poupança e crédito rotativo – Saving and rotating credit) Dependent of medium scale credit Commercial banks Commercial banks
Table 1. Main types of small-scale fisheries performed in Mozambique (adapted [2, 3, 4, 7, 19]). Labor force calculated for the artisanal fisheries taking into account an average of 11 workers by fishing gear to the beach seining, 2 for the gillnets, 2 for handline. Main Fisheries Resource Fishing area Management measures Work force Socioeconomic importance Processing and commercialization Method trawl Penaeid shrimp Angoche district, between Angoche and the Ligonha mouth Licences. Close season defined for the shrimp fishery of Sofala Bank. Not defined quotes. ≈ 125 workers Local importance involving workers on the fishing and processing and also on the transport, processing and commercialization of by-catch. Catches processed on shore, at small industrial units licensed for this purpose. The end product is sold locally and exported to South Africa, Spain and Portugal. The which is also very abundant and of low commercial value, is all kept on board and later processed in salt/drying in artisanal fishing centres South of Sofala; between the parallels of Machaze (19° 47’ S), at north of Beira, and Save river’s mouth (21°S) and up to the meridian of 35° 11’ Licences. season specifically defined (2-3 months). Industrial fleet prohibited. ≈ 350 workers Local importance involving workers on the fishing and processing and also on the transport, processing and commercialization of by-catch. Great social importance and a significant contribution to food security Catches processed on shore, at small industrial units licensed for this purpose. The end product is sold locally and exported to South Africa, Spain and Portugal. The which is also very abundant and of low commercial value, is all kept on board and later processed in salt/drying in artisanal fishing centres along the coast, notably at Chiloane Maputo Bay (between Inhaca Cape, Licences. Close season (2-3 months). ≈ 400 Local importance involving workers on the fishing and processing and also on the Land processing and exportation to South Africa, Spain and Portugal.
drying, either with or without salt. Minimum mesh size of 50 mm (except Maputo Bay – 60 mm) and 120 mm when sharks are the target resource. Traps Demersals and benthos Licences, but of open access. ≈ 9100
Figure. 3. Artisanal fishery zones (fishing centres) in Mozambique [44]. ANNEX E Artisanal Fisheries – Socio-Economic Aspects 1. Resume of some socio-economic information related with the fishing communities in some zone of Mozambique, and provided by some studies performed at these areas. Topic Nampula, Zambézia and Sofala [24] Nampula [2] Maputo [25] Inhambane and Sofala [26] Incomes from fishing On average, the annual income from fishing, for the gear/boat owners is Annual incomes Boat and beach seine owners - 3.300 USD (for Annual gross incomes per unity in 2006 Monthly net incomes (USD) The incomes depend on the district and status of the fishermen.
1. National level reference instruments that establishes the fisheries development policy in Mozambique. Instrument Overall objectives Objectives stated to fisheries Strategies/Actions Government’s Five Year Programme for 2005-09 (i) reducing the levels of poverty, (ii) economic and social development, with priority to reducing regional imbalances, (iii) consolidation of National Unity, Peace, Justice and Democracy, (iv) valuing the culture of rigour at work, (v) fight against corruption, red tape and crime, and (vii) strengthening of sovereignty and international cooperation. (i) improvement in the domestic supply of fish produce through increasing the amount unloaded and reducing losses, (ii) growth of export by increasing the production of aquaculture and by adding value to artisanal production, (iii) improvements in the living conditions of fishing communities through integrated social development activities, (iv) sustainable exploit-ation of fish resources, and (v) contribution to improving the balance of payments. The Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty (PARPA II) for 2006-09 (i) high economic growth, oriented towards improving the well-being of citizens, (ii) peace and democracy consolidated, For Fisheries: (i) continue strategies seeking to ensure permanent access to the international market for national fisheries
alongside social stability and security of citizens and their property and the guarantee of individual freedoms, (iii) redistribution of resources promoted by the state through the provision of public services seeking poverty reduction, (iv) human capital developed, practices of good governance and stability established, contributing to the development of agriculture and the rural economy, (v) role of savings strengthened, for greater sustainability of the efforts to improve living conditions and the of Mozambicans, (vi) favourable business environment, (vii) tax revenues increased by 15% by 2009, without produce, acting to guarantee quality through consolidating the fisheries produce inspection service, as well as in strengthening competitiveness and in diversifying national fisheries produce for export; (ii) take adequate quality control measures through consolidating the fisheries produce inspection service, as well as in strengthening competitiveness and in diversifying national fisheries produce for export; and (iii) ensure that adequate measures are taken to promote environmental sustainability in this sector through integrated management of the marine and coastal environment and of the fisheries resources, that protects important ecosystems (mangroves,
commercial fishing support installations, (ii) promote the training of onshore technical staff and managers for the fishing companies, (iii) conclude the reform of the fisheries public administration, (iv) strengthen training in basic specialisms missing in the sector, (v) support the creation and certification of Mozambican brands for shrimp, and (vii) establish a national market information system. Food Production Action Plan (2008-2011) The objective advocated for fisheries is to increase the supply of national fisheries produce, envisaging an increase in the current levels of production from 20,000 to 30,000 tonnes, at overall growth rates of 9% in 2009 and 10% in 2010 and 2011. For each of the ten provinces, the districts have been identified, based on their fisheries potential, where (i) eliminating market failures through strengthening linkages between production and consumption centres; (ii) promoting more productive fishing gear that seeks to catch or unexploited resources in new fishing areas accessible under existing technical conditions; (iii) encourage initiatives that seek to create activities complementary to fishing, such as processing, conservation of
efforts should be oriented towards increasing catches and/or farming of fisheries produce, through identifying the key activities to be undertaken, namely research, catches and farming, processing and marketing of fisheries produce. fisheries produce, maintenance and repair of fishing equipment and tackle, and promotion of alternative markets; (iv) make improved fry available to fish farmers; (v) introduce improved feed in fish farming; (vi) strengthen the existing extension services for the promotion of fish farming, and (vii) set up lines of credit at preferential interest rates for the private sector.
Table 2. Fishery sector reference instruments that establishes the fisheries development policy in Mozambique. Instrument Objectives Strategies/Actions Fisheries Master Plan 1995-2005 (i) improvement in the domestic supply of fisheries produce to cover part of the country’s food deficit, (ii) increasing the net foreign exchange revenue generated by the sector, and (iii) improving the living conditions of fishing communities. Strategic Plan for the Artisanal Fishing for 2007-2011 (PESPA) " Improved living conditions in the communities of artisanal fishermen”, consisting of: (A) fishing activities based on traditional gear and methods, providing added results, corresponding to their potential, while at the same time, in favourable areas, more advanced forms of fishing, particularly on the open sea, are developed; (B) better health, The subsistence artisanal fishing (i) the increase of the results provided by fishing as it is traditionally known and accomplished, so that it can induce increases in the income of fishermen, (ii) the improvement of current techniques of storage, handling and processing, which can offer decreases volumes of losses and improved quality of fishery products, and (iii) lower costs or extending the period of fishing and other activities which contribute to mitigating the
education and water supply conditions, in a framework of strengthened capacity of the communities to solve their own priority problems; (C) expanded networks for marketing fisheries produce and inputs, providing a greater basis for sustainability and development of artisanal fishing, both in its subsistence and its commercial forms; (D) more developed financial services, aimed not only at fishing, but also helping to diversify the activities undertaken by members of the communities; (E) a framework of greater rigour and effectiveness on the part of the bodies of the fisheries administration who seek to support the development of artisanal fisheries. effects of seasonality, uncertainty and vulnerability of fishing. The commercial fishing (in this context also include fishery) (iv) the promotion of new gear aimed at little or no resources exploited, the friendliest impacts on resources and environment, promotion of new fishing areas accessible to the conditions or techniques used, (v) on the edge, fishing open sea, with new or improved arts and targeted resources that were not previously targeted by fishers.
of small scale aquaculture, setting up a statistical system for aquaculture, conducting applied research on the existing species, undertaking of local and regional market studies, promotion of credit schemes involving micro credit institutions, promotion of a favourable business environment in aquaculture, coordination at central and local levels with other government institutions, promotion of aquaculture associations and of the dialogue in the aquaculture sub sector as well as of the regional and international cooperation. Fisheries Research Development Strategy (i) to develop integrated fisheries research, through the strengthening and improvement of the existing working areas and the expansion of their activities to new areas; (ii) to strengthen basic research capacity in aquaculture; (iii) to develop support (i) to improve the technical and scientific capacity of the research so that the quality of research and advice for the sector and beyond may be improved, with a view to better management of fisheries resources; (ii) to increase the leadership and management capacity of the IIP’s leading bodies; (iii) to improve internal communication in the IIP; and (iv) to develop
MCS operations. It also establishes the means for guaranteeing sustainability of its activities, which are an integral or complementary part of the fisheries management system. (ii) the FAO International Plan to Prevent, Discourage and Eliminate Illegal, Undeclared and Unregulated Fishing; (iii) The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). National Plan to Combat Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing The objectives are those laid down in the International Plan of Action (PAI-IUU), and based on which it is attempted to draw up a series of additional measures, indispensable for filling in the gaps and shortcomings in the system. The intention is to reduce to the minimum the incidence of IUU fishing in the national fisheries. 2009 Economic and Social Plan (PES) This document contains references to production and export indicators for fisheries produce originating in artisanal, industrial and semi-industrial fisheries and aquaculture, the perspectives in
ANNEX E Development, and Projects Table 1. Projects related to development of fisheries sector undertaken with international assistance in Mozambique (Ministry of Fisheries, 2009). Identification of project Main details of project Observations Partners Budget (USD) Duration Coordination Sofala Bank Artisanal Fishing Project (PPABAS), IFAD, Norway, BSF and the Government 18 million USD 2002-08 IDPPE Extension to 2011. It covers actions of fishing development (research, fishing gear, processing), development of markets and access route, strengthening of financial services, community development (education, health, water, associations, and institutional support, policy formulation and legislation. Cabo Delgado and Northern Nampula Artisanal Fishing Project (PPCDNN) ADB and the Government 23.3 million USD 2003-09 It covers provision of credit, development of community infrastructures
and institutional support Inhambane and Gaza Coastal Fishing Development Project and the Government 4.4 million USD 2008-10 It covers the improvement of infrastructures and access to support services, processing and marketing, training and strengthening of community organizations Poverty Reduction through Fisheries in Mocímboa da Praia Canada and the Government 600,000 USD 2005-10 It covers the strengthening of local capacity, institutional support, the introduction of sustainable fishing practices, processing, environmental protection and gender equity IDPPE Support and Institutional Capacity Building Project Ireland and the Government 600,000 USD 2007-10 Institutional Support for the Development of Sustainable Aquaculture Iceland (ICEIDA) and the Government 200,000 USD 2008-2009 It covers training activities, development of a data base, and support for the establishment of INAQUA Marine Sciences Human Resources Development Projects Canada (CIDA) and the Government 114,000 USD 2007-2012 It covers training in MSC. and institutional and community capacity building Developing a Sustainable Model for Small Scale Aquaculture in Spain and the Government 204,000 USD 2008-2009 It covers community and institutional capacity building and
Tanks and Cages in Niassa Province formulation of management plans Support the Fisheries Produce Inspection System in Mozambique United Kingdom (DFID) and the Government 2 million USD 2007-2010 It covers improvements to laboratories, the building of residences for inspectors in the provinces and training on Institutional Capacity Building and Acquisition of Laboratory Equipment UNDP, USAID, EC and the Government 137,000 USD 2008-2009 It covers the supply of laboratory equipment and equipment for monitoring heavy metals Strengthening Capacities for Improved Quality Control of Fisheries Produce (traceability of products of small scale fishing) Spain, EC and the Government 210,000 USD 2008-2009 It covers technical assistance for the diagnosis and validation of control procedures, training of inspectors, technical staff and extensions, and training of semi-industrial and artisanal operators The Beira Fishing Port Rehabilitation Project BADEA, BID and the Government 19.7 million USD 2004-2009 It cover the rehabilitation of quay number 1 and the processing room, repair of the cold stores, construction of support infrastructures, dredging and the supply of equipment Rehabilitate the Workshops of the Maputo Fishing Port (OFCF) and the Government 196,000 USD 2008-2009 It covers maintenance, the supply of parts and technical assistance
Strengthened food security through improved quality of fisheries and aquaculture produce DFID & UNDP 2008-2011 INIP Under discussion Training, selection and hiring of sailors at origin – FORPEX Project Spain EP discussion Rehabilitation of the industrial quay at the Maputo Fishing Port (Phase III) JICA DNAP & PPM Finance not guaranteed. Submitted in 2003 Reduction of the shrimp and changes in management of shrimp fish-eries in tropical countries (regional proj.) GEF, UNEP & FAO IIP Approved. Under way (?) Strengthening fisheries management capacity in ACP countries (Regional proj) EU/FFED DNAP Approved in 12/07 Development of fishing and aquaculture on Lake Niassa (regional project) WB/GEF Under discussion Safety at sea for scale fishermen (regional project/SWIOFC) SISA/ Sweden FAO Under discussion Institutional capacity building and training in rural develop. and aquaculture in Africa, through cooperation FAO, Japan INAQUA Finance not guaranteed. Submitted 04/07 Coordination and implementation of agricultural research and training in the SADC region EU/FFED INAQUA Finance not guaranteed. Submitted 03/06 PROFISH – artisanal fisheries – MCS WB No information Annex 4: SWOT Analysis of Small Scale Fisheries in Mozambique
Promotion of an effective involvement of communities in development programs; Adoption of sustainable tourism planning principles and effective approaches to implementation; Promotion of partnerships between public and private sector and communities in the development of the sector; Conservation Policy and its Implementation Strategy (2009) This relatively recent conservation policy is founded on nine principles, a select few are presented The principal of ecological heritage –biological diversity to be protected and maintained for future generations; sustainable use of resources compatible with the maintenance of said resources; The Principal of Sovereignty – the sovereign of the state and its people to exploit their natural resources in conformity with national environmental legislation and ratified international conventions and agreements; The Principle of Citizen Participation in the Management and Benefits of natural resources –right of all citizens to participate in the management of resources, and government to promote and facilitate citizen participation in decision making process related to conservation and management of natural resources. Land Use Planning Policy (2007) There are also nine founding principals of the land use planning policy, here again are a select few: The Principal of Participation –local communities should be consulted in the process of land use planning; also in relationship to any reservation of areas for the construction of infrastructure or services that assure sustainable growth of their economic base. The Principal of Responsibility – that any actor, public or private who intervenes on the land is responsible for any damage that affects the citizen’s quality of life or environmental sustainability and is obliged to repair and compensate for the damages caused. The Principal of Access to Information –the population has a right to all information regarding land and this should be open to analise and study by all interested parties. Strategy Strategy and Action Plan for the Conservation of Biological Diversity in Mozambique (2003) To ensure that the development of the tourism industry is based on respect and the sustainable use of bio diversity; 2010 Tourism Related Goals: The revision and adaptation of tourism policy and strategy and other relevant legal instruments to the current context;
Farming Activity Culture Species Culture Technology Production Scale Prawns Penaeus monodon Penaeus indicus Pond culture Commercial 1000 5, 2 x major farms X Seaweed Kappaphykus alvarezii Euchema spinosum Euchema cottonii Stake / raft culture Commercial 350 tonnes Community based X Finfish (Milkfish and mullet) Chanos chanos Mugil cephalus Pond culture Subsistence 1200 kg 2 X Finfish (Dusky kob and cobia) Argyrosomus japonicus Rachycentron canadum Tank and offshore cages Experimental 0 1 X Mud crab Scylla serrata Ranching Experimental 2. Biophysical Farming Activity Geographical Extent Environmental Issues
Province. The technology is based on low density pond culture and the production of natural feeds that is currently being promoted in Tanzania and Kenya. Farms are located on mud flats of low biological diversity, and farming inputs use natural pond productivity and / or some supplemental feeding, thus the impact on the environment (construction / operation) is likely to be limited. Mud crab Maputo estuary – southern Mozambique A 10ha farming enterprise based on brackish water tilapia and mudcrab has been proposed for the Maputo estuary. No further information is currently available. Finfish (e.g, cobia, grouper, seabreams, Bay, Cabo Delgado Pemba Bay provides an ideal location for large scale cage culture of
Table 3: Study Village Comparison Table Mauela Darumba Messano Natural Resource Access Aquatic Resources: Exposed rock/coralline based resources, intertidal molluscs Land: Reasonable accessible land for cultivation Aquatic Resources: Sheltered sand coralline banks, intertidal resources, river Land: Poor local land Aquatic resources: sheltered sand coralline banks, intertidal resources, zone suitable for seaweed culture Land: Poor land Livelihood Opportunities Agriculture 65% Charcoal 14% Fish 9% Employment (External) 5% None (dependent) 3% Artisan 3% Trader 1% Fishing 59% Agriculture 24% Trading 10% Transport 10% Employee (in village) 2% Shell collector 2% None (dependent) 2% Fishing 47% Agriculture 28% Trader 17% Artisan 4% None (dependent) 2% Seaweed culture 2% Source: IFAD 2004 Table 4: Perceived Contribution of Different Livelihood Activities to Overall Household Well-Being Contribution to overall household well-being Maueia Darumba Messano
6: IFAD’s Ongoing Operations in Mozambique Project Description Aims Budget Beneficiaries Markets Promotion programme 2009-2016 Helping small scale farmers by improving terms of trade and helps them make the transition from subsistence to agriculture achieving higher productivity and better market integration Enable small scale farmers to increase income. Specific aims are to: Improve access to and in markets and value chains Develop more efficient market and more effective to stimulate and added value Favour a more for market Total Cost: US$ 40.6 million IFAD Loan: US$31.1 million Cofinancing: Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (US$ 3.5 million) Directly benefitting 20,000 households
Agriculture Support Programme 2007-2015 Under the overall framework of the government's National Programme for Agriculture Development (PROAGRI), the programme has the objective of helping to reduce severe poverty and improving the quality of poor rural people's lives Aims to boost incomes and improve household security for subsistence farmers, particularly households headed by women. Programme activities include: that will help raise for crop and livestock farmers access to technical support services Helping establish farners' Building capacity within the sector Total Cost: US$ 50.8 million IFAD Loan: US$20 million Cofinancing: several partners under the government Pro Agri framework Directly benefitting 140, 000 households Rural Finance Support Programme 2005-2013 To stimulate economic growth and contribute to poverty reduction by improving the livelihoods of rural households and boosting the viability of enterprises The programme aims to improve sustainable access to appropriate financial services for individuals, groups and enterprises while finds and technical assistance are made available to help financial institutions penetrate rural Cost: US$ 34.3 million IFAD Loan: US$9.5 million Cofinancing: African development bank (US$ 16.4 million) Directly benefitting 124,000 households nationwide cost
Strengths Dynamic development of Mozambique, backed by the government’s willingness to promote private investment National potential for gas production (possibly oil as well) Strategic geographic position as a gateway for the oil supply of landlocked countries Social and environmental issues among government priorities. Presence of established NGOs and organisations with experience in coastal zone management Land availability Weaknesses Limited capacity of Mozambique to exploit and use its own natural resources (e.g. gaz production : 95% for South Africa, 5% for Mozambique) Private companies are in a strong position, and agreements with the government often mainly benefit business, rather than local populations or the environment. Incomplete planning for Integrated Coastal Zone Management. Poor knowledge of legal framework and official population rights at the local level High percentage of the population living in coastal areas, which facilitates competition for land resources Difficult access to remote parts of the country due to poor infrastructure network Opportunities Oil and gas development could generate employment and facilitate the development of infrastructure and services Oil and gas activities are implemented by large companies, which are generally engaged in corporate social responsibility Greater NGO involvement. Implementation of EITI activities and improvement of civil society’s involvement in the activities of extractive industries. Biofuels development in Mozambique is under international scrutiny and could benefit from “best practices” support Threats The economic importance of numerous projects (refineries, ports, pipelines, etc) with foreign investors could decrease environmental and social considerations Increases in oil operations (drilling, exploitation, transport, processing, storage etc) will increase oil spill risks. Private companies from emerging countries are not always respectful of environmental and social regulations Biofuels investors, often associated with state owned companies, have such an economic power that they could overstep the guidance of national strategies to develop their projects only on marginal lands 8. Bibliography
Annex 1. Activities and “key players” in the Mozambican Oil and Gas sector Activity / infrastructure Company name Company structure Location Production (per year) / storage capacity Status / programmed development Comments Production and Temane gas fields Sasol Petroleum Temane Limitada (70% equity and operator) Empresa Nacional de Hidrocarbonetos de Mocambique (ENH) (25% equity) International Finance Corporation (5% equity). Subsidiary of Sasol Petroleum Ltd (South African) Parastatal World Bank and Temane gas fields (close to Beira town, Sofala province) Current yearly production rate of 120 million GJ Full scale production started in 2004 with 12 wells Expansion of the central processing facility (CPF) in Temane for US$300 million will increase yearly rate to 183 million GJ (Completion expected in 2011) Refinery / processing facility Central Processing Facility (CPF) Sasol Petroleum Temane Limitada Subsidiary of Sasol Petroleum Ltd (South African) Temane Process / clean the gas before transport Processes 120 million GJ / year Forecasted capacity 183 million GJ /year Processing plant capacity is the limiting factor for expansion of gas extraction and exportation through pipeline Storage and Handling
Port infrastructures Portos e Caminhos de Ferro de Mocambique (CFM) State owned Maputo, Beira, Nacala, Quelimane and Pemba ports Maputo and Beira terminals have been partly privatized, CFM conserving an important share in the management consortium Oil storage facilities Petromoc State owned (created in 1999) Matola port Other locations in the country 19 storage facilities for 500,000 m3 Oil storage facilities INPETRO – Independent Petroleum Terminal SARL Joint venture Petromoc, NOCZIM (National Oil Company of IPG 40% (Kuwait). Beira port 9 tanks for clean fuel 95,300 m3 Most of the product is destined for Zimbabwe via the CPMZ (Companhia Do Pipeline Limitada) pipeline Oil storage facilities BP Total Imopetro Transport Gas pipeline Mozambique / South Africa Republic of Mozambique Pipeline Investments Company (ROMPCO) 50% Gas, 25%, iGas, Africa’s ) 25% de Gasoduto Pipeline of 865 Km between Temane and Secunda (South Africa) 26” pipeline Upgrade of CPF and new compressor stations planned to increase gas production and supply. Planned to reach 183 M GJ of gas a year
Oil pipeline Mozambique / Zimbabwe Companhiado Pipeline (CPMZ) State owned Pipeline of 287 Km between the port of Beira and Feruka (Zimbabwe) 10’’ pipeline for liquid products in the 60’s, largely under utilised due to economic crisis in Zimbabwe Gas pipeline for Mozambican distribution Matola Gás Company Pipeline of 75 Km between Ressano Garcia (junction with the main pipeline) and Matola (industrial suburb of Maputo) 10’’ pipeline Carry and distribute the 5 % “royalties in kind” production of Pande and Temane gas fields Retail Gas ELGAS ENH, Eskom, Distributes and sells natural gas from the Pande gas field to neighbouring customers in Mozambique Distribution and marketing of fuels products Petromoc owned (created in 1999) 48 % of the national retail market Major company for distribution of oil products 250.000 m3 of oil products sold in 2008 (40.000 m3 for external market) (represents 96% of the company’s turnover) Former monopoly in the importation of oil products (before 1987) Also supplies neighbouring countries (Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, DRC) Distribution and marketing of fuels products British Petroleum (BP) Private 35 % of the national retail market
Distribution and marketing of products Caltex Private 17 % of the national market Offshore exploration Anadarko Private, US Area 1 Ovuma block (offshore), jointly with ENH Empresa Nacional de Hidrocarbonetos de Mocambique (ENH) Parastatal Sasol Petroleum Sofala Limitada Subsidiary of Sasol Petroleum Ltd (South African) M-10 Block with Petronas (Malaysia), and ENH Sofala block with ENH Responsible for SPI’s offshore exploration activities in Mozambique, including the recently acquired Blocks 16 and 19 Artumas (Canada/Norway), Andarko Petronas (Malaysia), ENI (Italy) and Norsk Hydro Rovuma basin
2.2. Coastal Mining Project Benefits Name of Mine Location Economic Effect in % Employment Economic Benefits National level Micro-level Moma Mine Nampula - Moma 4% of exports in first half 2010, $42Mn Construction phase: 600 temporary jobs for local residents. Operation 400 permanent direct jobs and 1,200 additional indirect jobs. Investment of $450 million with 20 years life span. Royalties and taxes Employment Training for employees CSR projects undertaken by Kenmare Resources at Moma site (see below) Mozal smelter production Beluluane in the Boane district, with a construction of the Matola harbour terminal and access road to it. 56% of exports half 2010 $561Mn Construction phase: 4,500 direct employment (98% local) Operation phase: The smelter is employing 740 people of whom 650 are Moçambicans. Mozal has 1600 local contractors. Another 2,500 jobs created via contractors providing support services such as security, catering, and sanitation. $35 million payroll for local companies $21 million for domestic services Matola harbour terminal Installation of Motraco electrical power generator (435MW) Corporate and income taxes Employment Training for labourers Corporate and social responsibility by Informal artisanal Coastal Mining Xai-Xai - - - For domestic construction use