(Ft.) 580 Treatment(s) used to stabilize and protect of streams or constructed channels, and shorelines of lakes, reservoirs, or estuaries. To prevent the loss of land or damage to land uses, or facilities adjacent to the banks of streams or constructed channels, shoreline of lakes, reservoirs, or estuaries including the protection of known historical, archeological, and traditional cultural properties. To maintain the flow capacity of streams or channels. Reduce the offsite or downstream effects of sediment resulting from bank erosion. To improve or enhance the stream corridor for fish and wildlife habitat, aesthetics, recreation. This practice applies to streambanks of natural or constructed channels and shorelines of lakes, reservoirs, or estuaries where they are susceptible to erosion. It does not apply to erosion problems on main ocean fronts, beaches or similar areas of complexity. General Criteria Applicable to All Purposes Treatments shall be in accordance with all applicable local, state and federal laws and regulations. Treatments applied shall seek to avoid adverse effects to endangered, threatened, and candidate species and their habitats, whenever possible. Treatments applied shall seek to avoid adverse effects to archaeological, historic, structural, and traditional cultural properties, whenever possible. An assessment of unstable streambank or shoreline sites shall be conducted in sufficient detail to identify the causes contributing to the instability (e.g. livestock access, watershed alterations resulting in significant modifications of discharge or sediment production, in channel modifications such as gravel mining, head cutting, water level fluctuations, boat-generated waves, etc.). Proposed protective treatments to be applied shall be compatible with improvements being planned or installed by others. Protective treatments be compatible with the bank or shoreline materials, water chemistry, channel or lake hydraulics, and slope characteristics above and below the water line. End sections of treatment areas shall be adequately anchored to existing treatments, terminate in stable areas, or be otherwise stabilized to prevent flanking of the treatment. Protective treatments shall be installed that result in stable slopes. Design limitations of the bank or shoreline materials and type of measure installed shall determine steepest permissible slopes. Designs will provide for protection of installed treatments from overbank flows resulting from upslope runoff and flood return flows. Internal drainage for bank seepage shall be provided when needed. Geotextiles or properly AND
design and that may lower or moderate water temperature and improve water quality. Consider the need to stabilize side channel inlets and outlets and outlets of tributary streams from erosion. Consider aquatic habitat when selecting the type of toe stabilization. Consider maximizing adjacent wetland functions and values with the project design and minimize adverse effects to existing wetland functions and values. Livestock exclusion shall be considered during establishment of vegetative treatments and appropriate grazing practices applied after establishment to maintain plant community integrity. Wildlife may also need to be controlled during establishment of vegetative treatments. Temporary and local population control methods should be used with caution and within state and local regulations. When appropriate, establish a buffer strip and/or diversion at the top of the bank or shoreline protection zone to help maintain and protect installed treatments, improve their function, filter out sediments, nutrients, and pollutants from runoff, and provide additional wildlife habitat. Consider conservation and stabilization of archeological, historic, structural and traditional cultural properties when applicable. Consider safety hazards to boaters, swimmers, or people the shoreline or streambank when designing treatments. Protective treatments should be self-sustaining or require minimum maintenance. Plans and specifications for streambank and shoreline protection shall be prepared for specific field sites and based on this standard and shall describe the requirements for applying the practice to achieve its intended purpose. Plans shall include treatments to minimize erosion and sediment production during construction and provisions necessary to comply with conditions of any environmental agreements, biological opinions or other terms of applicable permits. OPERATION MAINTENANCE An operation and maintenance plan shall be prepared for use by the owner or others responsible for operating and maintaining the system. The plan shall provide specific instructions for operating and maintaining the system to insure that it functions properly. It shall also provide for periodic inspections and prompt repair or replacement of damaged components or erosion. NEH Part 650, Chapter 16, Streambank and Shoreline Protection..