and citizens are increasingly able to share, use, and leverage previously unavailable datasets to address complex urban problems and improve current operations and capabilities. Urban analytics create value from the data that is collected from connected vehicles, connected citizens, and sensors throughout a city or available from the Internet using information generated by private companies. Analytics that utilize data from across various systems in a city have tremendous potential to identify new insights and unique solutions for delivering services, thereby improving outcomes. Analytics can be used to predict future conditions and the potential benefits of implementing different operational strategies, control plans and response plans coordinated among agencies and service providers. Furthermore, analytics can be applied across sectors to create new and different applications. One example might be an application of travel demand management that also factors in environmental and energy consumption as part of the optimization – providing more context to citizens’ personalized recommendations. Additionally, data analytics can also be used to understand the potential benefits of deployed solutions. To do so, transportation-related performance measures and evaluation are needed to quantify the intended and measured impact of all proposed solutions on personal safety and mobility, network efficiency, and environmental sustainability, representing the priorities of this challenge. For example, performance measurement may indicate greater access to jobs and services; reduction in congestion and delays; increase in transit, walking, or cycling; a reduction in crashes, injuries, and or fatalities; improved incident response and clearance times; and reductions in emissions. In a Smart City, these performance measure should be made publicly available as open data. Vision Element #5: User-Focused Mobility Services and Choices. This vision element consists of strategies, initiatives, and services that increase transportation choices and options by supporting and improving mobility across all modes for all travelers, including aging Americans and persons with disabilities. A major component includes advanced traveler information systems that provide real-time traffic, transit, parking, and other transportation-related information to travelers. Smart cities support sustainable mobility using traveler-oriented strategies that deliver innovative solutions across all transportation modes, including transit, bicycling, electric vehicles, and shared use mobility services, to improve the mobility of all travelers, including older Americans as well as people with disabilities. Shared-use transportation has grown tremendously in recent years with the increase in smartphone applications. The sharing economy and new transportation services provide people with more options and help to overcome barriers to the use of non-driving forms of transportation. Advanced technology and services deployed throughout a city empower people to adopt “car-free” and “car-light”
sector is pushing innovation and developing new technologies and approaches that can be augmented through new collaborations with government. The public sector is also pushing innovation, creating new opportunities/models for governance and interagency partnerships that will increase return on investment while accelerating deployment. Successful implementation of a Smart City will likely rely on strategic partnering opportunities between public agencies and the private sector – especially for cities that have limited resources to bring to bear on the challenges they face. Innovative partnerships among city or local government, regional Federal agencies, planning organizations, the private sector, vehicle manufacturers, academia, associations, and other stakeholder groups are needed to advance smart city solutions and identify sustainable business models to maintain and expand capabilities in the future. Through cooperation, city governments may partner with non-governmental organizations that can bring resources to the city. Applicants are encouraged to leverage Federal resources through cost share, in-kind donations, and partnering. The USDOT encourages Applicants to make robust use of partnerships, including partnerships that significantly leverage Federal resources and initiatives, work already underway, and the technical capabilities of universities and other stakeholders who provide services to public agencies. In particular, cities are encouraged to partner with a University Transportation Center (UTC) or member of a UTC consortium to leverage product and service development assets and develop the workforce (). USDOT also encourages Applicants to consider whether using innovative procurement processes, such as challenges and competitions, micro-procurements, and “entrepreneur in residence” programs would allow smaller and less established potential partners to participate in their demonstration. In addition to formal partnerships, Applicants are encouraged to engage a broader ecosystem of stakeholders including start-ups, small businesses, local technologists, and other parties interested in helping to implement the Smart City Demonstration and use the data it generates through the course of the demonstration. Note: The Connected Vehicle Reference Implementation Architecture and associated SET-IT software tool provides a means to depict the institutional relationships with the enterprise layer of the architecture. For more information, visit: . Vision Element #8: Smart Grid, Roadway Electrification, and Electric Vehicles. This vision element includes strategies and initiatives that leverage the smart grid – a programmable and efficient energy transmission and distribution system – in an effort to support the adoption or expansion of roadway electrification, robust electric vehicle charging infrastructure, and the acceleration of electric vehicle deployment. With electric vehicles (note: the term electric vehicles or “EVs” include full Battery Electric Vehicles
requirements whose fulfillment they will determine. The document should include a requirements-to-test procedure matrix that shows the test coverage relationship among the tests and the requirements. Every requirement should have at least one test case associated with it and each test case should have at least one requirement associated with it. Test Cases. Each test case include a set of test inputs, execution conditions, and expected results developed for a particular objective, such as to exercise a particular path within a system or a software application or to verify compliance with a specific requirement or set of requirements. Test Procedures. Test Procedures spell out exactly how one verifies and validates that the component of the system undergoing integration actually functions as intended and as desired. If test data are going to be used as part of the verification and validation process in this step, the test procedures should also spell out how one will determine that the system actually performed the correct transformations on the data entered. Test Data. Test Data should include scripts used to execute software operations, data that must be entered by someone as part of the process of verification and validation of the system and its component integration, or a description of what system-generated data will flow through different components of the system to accomplish a system function. Test Results. Documents that describe the results of each test conducted. Operations and Maintenance Plans. Operations and Maintenance (O&M) plans should describe policies and high-level procedures governing operation and maintenance of the system. Minimally, it should address the activities described in the project’s Concept of Operations and any other activities needed to achieve the project’s objectives. Note: The Recipient may elect to conduct formal walkthroughs (see IEEE Standard 1028-1997) for key systems engineering deliverables to solicit inputs and feedback from stakeholders to help ensure consensus. To support knowledge and technology transfer efforts, all systems engineering documentation developed for the Smart City Demonstration should be developed with the intent to share publically and be formatted for Section 508 compliance.