PART II: INSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECUTRE COUNTRY SUMMARIES ETHIOPIA 1. Guiding Policy Framework The Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP), serves as Ethiopia’s national development plan. Under GTP, there are a number of sector specific plans, including the Agricultural Transformation Plan (ATP). The Agricultural Sector Policy and Investment Framework (PIF), enacted in 2010, is Ethiopia’s guiding NAIP, designed to achieve eight percent annual growth in agricultural productivity. The PIF operationalized the CAADP Compact, and provides a ten-year strategic framework for investment and estimates of financing needs. All government food security programs are based on the achievement of the PIF objectives. 2. Policy Development & Coordination The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MoARD) is the primary institution for policy development. It is divided into four state ministries: Agricultural Growth, Sustainable Land Management, Disaster and Risk Management and Food Security, and Livestock Sector Development. The joint government and development partner Rural Development and Food Security Working Group (RED&FS) serves as the primary coordination body for PIF (discussed in Section 6. Mutual Accountability). Within MoARD, task forces operate under each of the MoARD state ministries. These task forces suffer from capacity constraints, including limited financial and human resources. However, technical capacity is effectively boosted by RED&FS, which has technical committees mirroring each of the three task forces. The Planning and Programming Directorate (PPD) is responsible for coordinating projects under the PIF and serves as the PIF secretariat. However, it suffers from a number of capacity constraints in terms of technical skills to conduct policy analysis and staffing and has limited resources to coordinate across ministries. is a parallel and highly functioning companion to MoARD for agricultural policy development called the Agricultural Transformation Agency (ATA). ATA was established in 2010 to address systematic bottlenecks in the agriculture sector by supporting and enhancing the capability of MoARD and other public, private, and implementing partners. The ATA has high-level political support and is governed by the Agricultural Transformation Council (ATC), which is responsible for setting the strategic direction of the agency, approving plans and evaluating agency
All line ministries, development partners, private sector and civil society participants under the NAIP produce annual work plans reflecting this prioritization. All activities are broken down according to estimated cost, funding source, timeline, and responsible actors. YES The Steering Committee reviews progress on meeting annual work plan targets. YES Establish an NAIP Technical Committee and Technical Working Groups There is a Technical Committee or Technical Working Groups that facilitates cross-sectoral participation at the technical and operational level. YES The Technical Committee is co-chaired by the Director of the policy analysis unit within Ministry of Agriculture (or relevant Department) and a representative from development partners. YES The Technical Committee monthly. NO This Technical Committee has at least two representatives from the private sector and two representatives from civil society. YES Establish an NAIP Secretariat There is a stand-alone secretariat which provides overall technical and administrative support to the cross-sectoral ministerial and technical coordination committees. YES This secretariat has at least four full time staff, including one communications expert. NO This secretariat produces quarterly progress reports. ? The secretariat manages an NAIP online portal, which publishes all relevant policies, implementation plans, progress reports, and agriculture and food security resources. NO Establish Mutual Accountability Mechanisms There is a government-development partner Mutual Accountability Committee or Working Group, by the Minister for Agriculture and a representative of development partners YES This coordination committee either operates in alignment with the NAIP Steering Committee or serves as the NAIP Steering Committee. YES This committee meets four times per year. YES This committee includes at two private sector and two civil society representatives. YES The NAIP Technical Committee and TWGs are aligned with the Mutual Accountability Committee or Working YES The NAIP secretariat serves as the secretariat for the government-development partner coordination committee. YES Conduct Joint Sector Reviews Joint Sector Reviews (JSRs) are conducted annually. YES The NAIP Steering Committee and NAIP technical committee leads the JSR process. YES The NAIP Secretariat is responsible for coordinating the activities and operations of the JSR. YES The JSR encompasses the following components: public expenditure review, development partner expenditure review, public policy review, civil society scorecard, and private sector scorecard. NO An annual JSR report is published and available on the NAIP portal. NO The JSR process is finalized before resources have been allocated for the next year. ?
development, and post-harvest handling and storage. Each priority program has clear objectives and targets that are reflected in the PSTA. Funding proposals are also made available according to priority programs to inform development partners on funding gaps. The Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) coincides with the end of the PSTA, which means that implementation runs parallel. This provides for an ease of monitoring of implementation activities again budgets. There are M&E capacity gaps within the planning departments for MINAGRI, RAB, and NAEB. These entities are short on skilled personnel and adequate infrastructure systems, and often rely on outsourced staff to support the M&E process. 6. Rwanda has put in place a strong mutual accountability framework, which serves as an effective tool for the government and development partners and a best practice example for the rest of CAADP. Rwanda has a joint sector review mechanism that brings together key development partners, CSOs, and the private sector to review policy implementation and draw recommendations for subsequent plans. JSRs take place annually, with a meeting in the spring dedicated to looking forward in the next fiscal and a meeting in the autumn designed to review the previous years progress. The JSR is conducted by the ASWG, which thus provides a strong alignment between the NAIP process and the JSR process. The Common Performance Accountability Framework (CPAF) is the main monitoring framework for the sector. There are ten prioritized policy actions tied to five key indicators with annual targets for each ministry. In addition, the Donor Performance Accountability Framework (DPAF) measures the performance of development partners. Both CPAF and DPAF are measured using a traffic light system (i.e. green, yellow, or red) and progress is reviewed at the ASWG. Joint Action Development Forums (JADF) are a district-level extension of the ASWG. They are monthly multi-stakeholder meeting with representatives from the government, farmers, local community leaders, local companies, and local civil society groups. JADF develops five year District Development Plans (DPP), as well as annual sector targets. DPPs are then integrated into sector programs at the national level. Table 6: Rwanda NAIP Indicators Establish a high-level NAIP Steering Committee There is a cross-sectoral steering committee for NAIP. YES The Steering Committee has oversight over both policy development and implementation. YES The Minister of Agriculture (or relevant position) chairs the Steering Committee. YES
There is a Technical Committee or Technical Working Groups that facilitates cross-sectoral participation at the technical and operational level. YES The Technical Committee is co-chaired by the Director of the policy analysis unit within the Ministry of Agriculture and a representative from development partners. YES The Technical Committee meets monthly. ? This Technical Committee has at least two representatives from the private sector and two representatives from civil society. NO Establish an NAIP Secretariat There is a secretariat which provides overall technical and administrative support to the cross-sectoral ministerial and technical coordination committees. YES This secretariat has at least four full time staff, including one communications expert. NO This secretariat produces quarterly progress reports. NO The secretariat manages an NAIP online portal, which publishes all relevant policies, implementation plans, progress reports, and agriculture and food security resources. NO Establish Mutual Accountability Mechanisms There is a government-development partner Mutual Accountability Committee or Working Group, by the Minister for Agriculture and a representative of development partners NO This coordination committee either operates in alignment with the NAIP Steering Committee or serves as the NAIP Steering Committee. NO This committee meets four times per year. NO This committee includes at least two private sector and two civil society representatives. NO The NAIP Technical Committee and TWGs are aligned with the Mutual Accountability Committee or Working Group. NO The NAIP secretariat serves as the secretariat for the government-development partner coordination committee. NO Conduct Joint Sector Reviews Sector Reviews (JSRs) are conducted annually. NO The NAIP Steering Committee and NAIP technical committee leads the JSR process. NO The NAIP Secretariat is responsible for coordinating the activities and operations of the JSR. NO The JSR encompasses the following components: public expenditure review, development partner expenditure review, public policy review, civil society scorecard, and private sector scorecard. NO An annual JSR report is published and available on the NAIP portal. NO The JSR process is finalized before resources have been allocated for the next year. NO The action plan is developed based on the findings and recommendations of the JSR. The NAIP Steering Committee reviews progress in meeting these goals every three months. NO