Table 2: Means, standard deviations, and t-tests for average share of women employed in sectors across groups Probability Values The Islamic Middle East Mean = 15.48% SD = 4.23 The Islamic Arab excluding the Middle East Mean = 23.29% SD = 5.57 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 30.65% SD = 12.2 The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 23.29% SD = 5.57 t = 2.26 p < 0.05 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 30.65% SD = 12.2 t = 5.51 p < 0.001 t = 1.86 p < 0.05 All Other Nations Mean = 41.91% SD = 6.27 t = 16.76 p < 0.001 t = 5.74 p < 0.001 t = 4.54 p < 0.001 Table 3: Means, standard deviations, and t-tests for of high tech exports as a percentage of all manufactured exports across groups, 2000 to present Probability Values The Islamic Middle East Mean = 1.07% SD = 1.803 The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 4.21% SD = 5.87 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 10.08% SD = 13.06 The Islamic Arab excluding the Middle East Mean = 4.21% SD = 5.87 t = 2.27 p < 0.05 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 10.08% SD = 13.06 t = 3.16 p < 0.01 t = 1.87 p < 0.05 All Other Nations Mean = 10.49% SD = 13.07 t = 8.54 p < 0.001 t = 3.69 p < 0.01 t = 0.14 Not significant Table 4: Means, standard deviations, and t-tests for averages of Knowledge Index for each of the country groups Probability Values The Islamic Middle East Mean = 4.92 SD = 1.68 The Islamic Arab excluding the Middle East Mean = 2.81 SD = 1.53 The rest of the Islamic Mean = 3.45 SD = 1.94
The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 2.81 SD = 1.53 t = 2.63 p < 0.05 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 3.45 SD = 1.94 t = 2.15 p < 0.05 t = 0.83 Not significant All Other Nations Mean = 5.44 SD = 2.59 t = 0.92 Not significant t = 3.92 p < 0.01 t = 3.81 p < 0.001 Table 5: Means, standard deviations, and t-tests for averages of KEI across each of the country groups Probability Values The Islamic Middle East Mean = 5.01 SD = 1.63 The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 2.74 SD = 1.41 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 3.39 SD = 1.80 The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 2.74 SD = 1.41 t = 3.00 p < 0.01 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 3.39 SD = 1.80 t = 2.49 p < 0.05 t = 0.91 Not significant All Other Nations Mean = 5.45 SD = 2.55 t = 0.80 Not significant t = 4.33 p < 0.01 t = 4.19 p < 0.001 Table 6: Means, standard deviations, and t-tests for services as a percentage of total GDP averaged from 2000 to present Probability Values The Islamic Middle East Mean = 46.78% SD = 14.31 The Islamic Arab excluding the Middle East Mean = 46.06% SD = 16.02 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 46.68% SD = 13.44
The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 46.06% SD = 16.02 t = 0.09 not significant The rest of the Islamic Mean = 46.68% SD = 13.44 t = 0.02 not significant t = 0.09 not significant All Nations Mean = 58.26% SD = 14.67 t = 2.26 p < 0.05 t = 1.86 p < 0.05 t = 4.05 p < 0.001 Table 7: Means, standard deviations, and t-tests for industry as a percentage of total GDP averaged from 2000 to present Probability Values The Islamic Middle East Mean = 45.91% SD = 14.96 The Islamic Arab excluding the Middle East Mean = 35.01% SD = 18.75 The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 31.72% SD = 13.91 The Islamic Arab World excluding the Middle East Mean = 35.01% SD = 18.75 t = 1.20 not significant The rest of the Islamic world Mean = 31.72% SD = 13.91 t = 2.45 p < 0.05 t = 0.42 not significant All Nations Mean = 28.32% SD = 12.62 t = 3.30 p < 0.01 t = 0.88 not significant t = 1.23 not significant