assessment of their prognosis.() Risk is categorised using a 9 point scale that covers physical and psychological function. : STarT Back tool categories and summary of treatment packages Category Aim/s Treatment Low risk Support and enable A one-off consultation including: Patient worries, concerns, social impact physical assessment Medication review Encouragement of activity and self-management Medium risk Restore function, minimise disability and support appropriate self-management Elicit concerns and adequate physical examination Tailor treatment Course of physiotherapy – may be Specific physiotherapy interventions if relevant based on examination General functional activities if no linkage between examination and back pain complaint Specific treatment with end time point Referral to specialist services when needed High risk Reduce pain and disability and improve psychological functioning Delivered by physiotherapists with additional training, mentorship and ongoing professional support. Six 45-60min physiotherapy appointments over three months using combined physical and cognitive approach Enable patients to manage ongoing and/or future episodes of low back pain Focus on cognitive, emotional and behavioural responses to pain and their impact on function Identification of potential obstacles to rehabilitation Identification of possible targets for intervention.
738.4 Acquired spondylolisthesis 756.11 Spondylosis, lumbosacral region 756.12 Spondylolisthesis M43.1Spondylolisthesis Q76.2Congenital spondylolisthesis N1465 Sacral instability NOS N148C Lumbar spine instability Closed subluxation lumbar spine S49Az Closed subluxation of thoracic and lumbar spine NOS S49C1 Closed subluxation of coccyx S49C2 Closed subluxation of sacrum Fractures (closed, without spinal involvement) 805.4 Lumbar fracture 805.6 Sacral or coccygeal fracture 805.8 Vertebral fracture of unspecified site S32Fracture of lumbar spine and pelvis S33.0Traumatic rupture of lumbar intervertebral disc S104 Closed fracture lumbar vertebra S106 Closed fracture sacrum Fracture of sacrum Fracture of coccyx Nonspecific backache 307.89 Psychogenic backache 724.2 Lumbago 724.5 Backache, unspecified 846.0-9 Sprains and strains, sacroiliac 847.2 Sprains and strains, lumbar 847.3 Sprains and strains, sacral 847.9 Sprains and strains, unspecified region M54.4Lumbago with sciatica M54.5Low back pain M54.8Other dorsalgia M54.9Dorsalgia, unspecified F45.4Persistent somatoform pain disorder S33.5Sprain and strain of lumbar spine S33.6Sprain and strain of sacroiliac S33.7Sprain and strain of other and unspecified parts of lumbar spine and pelvis N142 Pain in lumbar spine N145 Backache, unspecified S560 Sprain, lumbosacral ligament S562 Sprain, sacrospinous ligament S563 Sprain, sacrotuberous ligament S564 Sprain, iliolumbar ligament S572 Lumbar sprain S573 Sacrum sprain S574 Coccyx sprain
S5y57 Complete tear, lumbosacral ligament Sequelae to previous back surgery 722.80 Postlaminectomy syndrome, unspecified region 722.83 Postlaminectomy syndrome, lumbar 996.4 Mechanical complication of internal orthopaedic device, implant and graft M96.1Postlaminectomy syndrome, not elsewhere classified T84.0Mechanical complication of internal joint prosthesis N12A Postlaminectomy syndrome Miscellaneous 722.30 Schmorl’s nodes, unspecified region 722.32 Lumbar Schmorl’s nodes 724.3 Sciatica 724.4 Thoracic or lumbosacral neuritis or radiculitis, unspecified 724.8 Other symptoms referable to back 724.9 unspecified back disorders 737.10-737.30 idiopathic scoliosis 738.5 acquired deformity of back or spine 739.3 Nonallopathic lesions, lumbar region 739.4 Nonallopathic lesions, sacral region 756.10 Anomaly of unspecified 756.13-756.19 Various congenital anomalies M41Scoliosis M54.1Radiculopathy M54.3Sciatica Q76.4Other congenital malformations of spine, not associated with scoliosis Q76.0Spina bifida occulta Q76.1Klippel-Feil syndrome M51.4Schmorl nodes M53.8Other specified dorsopathies M53.9Dorsopathy, unspecified M40.4Other lordosis M40.5Lordosis, unspecified M41.2Other idiopathic scoliosis M43.9Deforming dorsopathy, unspecified N143 Sciatica Disorders of the sacrum NOS N147 Disorders of the coccyx
M8443 Pathological fracture, not elsewhere classified, forearm Pathological fracture, not elsewhere classified, other site M8445 Pathological fracture, not elsewhere classified, pelvic region and thigh M8446 Pathological fracture, not elsewhere classified, lower leg S32.0 Closed Fracture of lumbar vertebra Exclusions from surgical cases – Cervical and thoracic disorders – only if primary diagnosis 353.2 Cervical root lesions, NEC 353.3 Thoracic root lesions, NEC 721.0 Cervical spondylosis without myelopathy 721.1 Cervical spondylosis with myelopathy 721.41 Thoracic spondylosis with myelopathy 722.0 Displacement of cervical intervertebral disc without myelopathy 722.11 displacement of thoracic intervertebral disc without myelopathy 722.4 Degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc 722.71 Intervertebral disc disorder with myelopathy, cervical G542 Cervical root disorders, not elsewhere classified G543 Thoracic root disorders, not elsewhere classified M502 cervical disc displacement M503 Other cervical disc degeneration M500 Cervical disc disorder with myelopathy M508 Other cervical disc disorders M47.8Other spondylosis M47.1Other spondylosis with myelopathy M48.0Spinal stenosis M54.1Radiculopathy