UNIT - V Boiling and condensation: Boiling curve – Correlations- Nusselt’s theory of film condensation on a vertical plate – Assumptions & correlations of film condensation for different geometrics. UNIT - VI Radiation Heat Transfer: Radiant heat exchange in grey, non-grey bodies, with transmitting, reflecting and absorbing media, specular surfaces, gas radiation – radiation from flames. Mass Transfer: Concepts of mass transfer – Diffusion & convective mass transfer Analogies – Significance of non-dimensional numbers. TEXT Heat Transfer – Necati Ozisik (TMH) Heat and Mass Transfer – O P Single (Macmillan India Ltd) Heat Transfer – P.S. Ghoshdastidar (Oxford Press) Engg. Heat & Mass Transfer- Sarit K. Das (Dhanpat Rai) REFERENCE BOOKS: Fundamentals of Heat & Mass Transfer – Incroera Dewitt (Jhon Wiley) Heat Transfer : A basic approach – Yunus Cangel (MH) Heat & Mass Transfer – D.S. Kumar Heat Transfer – P.K. Nag(TMH) Principle of Heat Transfer – Frank Kreith & Mark.Bohn. ADVANCED MECHANICS
Internal Flow: Smooth and rough boundaries – Equations for Velocity Distribution and frictional Resistance in smooth rough Pipes – Roughness of Commercial Pipes – Moody’s diagram. UNIT-V Compressible Fluid Flow – I: Thermodynamic basics – Equations of continuity, Momentum and Energy - Acoustic Velocity Derivation of Equation for Mach Number – Flow Regimes – Mach Angle – Mach Cone – Stagnation State UNIT-VI Compressible Fluid Flow – II: Area Variation, Property Relationships in of Mach number, Nozzles, Diffusers – Fanno and Releigh Lines, Property Relations – Isothermal Flow in Long Ducts – Normal Compressible Shock, Oblique Shock: Expansion and Compressible Shocks – Supersonic Wave Drag. TEXT BOOKS: Schlichting H – Boundary Layer Theory (Springer Publications). Convective Heat and Mass Transfer – Oosthigen, McGrawhill Convective Heat and Mass Transfer – W.M. Kays, M.E. Crawford, McGrawhill REFERENCE Yuman S.W – Foundations of Fluid Mechanics. An Introduction to Compressible Flow – Pai. Dynamics & Theory and Dynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow – Shapiro.
UNIT - VI Economics – Principles of Economic Analysis – Discounted cash flow – Solar system – life cycle costs – cost benefit analysis and optimization – cost based analysis of water heating and photo voltaic applications. TEXT BOOKS: Principles of engineering – Kreith and Kerider Solar energy thermal processes – Duffie and Beckman Solar energy – Sukhatme REFERENCE BOOKS: Solar energy – Garg Solar energy – Magal Soloar energy – Tiwari and Suneja Power plant technology – El Wakil
UNIT – VI Wind Energy: Wind – Beaufort number – characteristics – wind energy conversion systems – types – Betz model – Interference Factor – Power Coefficient – Torque Coefficient and thrust coeff.- Lift machines and drag machines – matching – electricity generation. Energy from Oceans: Tidal Energy; Tides – Diurnal and Semi – Diurnal Nature – Power from Tides. Wave Energy ; Waves – Theoretical Energy Available – Calculation of period and phase velocity of waves – wave power systems – submerged devices. Ocean Thermal Energy : principles – Heat Exchangers – Pumping requirements – Practical Considerations. TEXT BOOK: 1. Renewable Energy Resources – Basic Principles and Applications – G.N.Tiwari and M.K.Ghosal, Narosa Pub REERENCE BOOKS: Renewable Energy Resources / John Twidell & Tony Weir Biological Energy Resources / Malcolm Flescher & Chrris
ENERGY MANAGEMENT SUBJECT CODE: 16MTE1012 COURSE OBJECTIVES: Familiarizing with management, especially with management in energy sector engineering. Fundamentals of product strategy management. Studying methods of energy accounting and energy auditing in energy sector, industry and final consumption. Finding opportunities to increase the rational use of energy. COURSE OUTCOMES: Understand the principles of energy management and the role of energy manager various organizations.3 Understand types of energy audits. Gather and analyze relevant data. Describe technologies for energy conservation. Assess critically energy using energy flow networks, optimization and technical analysis of options. Perform economic analysis including depreciation, risk analysis and budget considerations. Know common methods of evaluation of projects. Understand the need for energy consultant and his selection criteria. Understand alternative energy sources including and wind energies. UNIT-I Introduction: Principles of Energy Management – Managerial Organization – Functional Areas for i. Manufacturing Industry ii. Process Industry iii. Commerce iv. Government. Role of Energy Manager in each of these organization. Initiating, Organising and Managing Energy Management Programs UNIT-II Energy Audit: Definition and Concepts, Types of Energy Audits – Basic Energy Concepts – Resources for Plant Energy Studies – Data Gathering – Analytical Techniques. UNIT-III Energy Conservation: Technologies for Energy Conservation , Design for Conservation of Energy materials – energy flow networks – critical assessment of energy usage – formulation of objectives and constraints – synthesis of alternative options and technical analysis of options – process integration. UNIT-IV Economic Analysis: Characterization of an Investment Project – Types of Deprecication – Time Value of money – budget considerations, Risk Analysis. UNIT-V Methods of Evaluation of Projects : Payback – Annualised Costs – Investor’s Rate of return – Present worth – Internal Rate of Return – Pros and Cons of the common methods of analysis – replacement analysis. Energy Consultant: Need of Energy Consultant – Consultant Selection Criteria. UNIT-VI Alternative Energy Sources : Solar Energy – Types of devices for Solar Energy Collection – Thermal Storage System – Control Systems- Wind Energy – Availability – Wind Devices – Wind Characteristics – Performance of Turbines and systems. TEXT
UNIT-VI Process Control: Introduction and need for process control principles, transfer functions, diagrams, signal flow graphs, open and closed loop control systems – Analysis of First & Second order systems with examples of mechanical and thermal systems. Control System Evaluation – Stability, steady state regulations, and transient regulations. TEXT BOOK: 1. Measurement System, Application & Design – E.O. Doeblin. REFERENCE Mechanical and Industrial Measurements – R.K. Jain – Khanna Publishers. Mechanical Measurements – Buck & Beckwith – Pearson. Control Systems, Principles & Design, 2nd Edition – M. Gopal – TMH.
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (Elective-IV) SUBJECT CODE: 16MTE1019 COURSE OBJECTIVES: This course deals with the design and implementation of refrigeration and air conditioning systems. To understand the principles of refrigeration and air conditioning. To calculate the cooling load for different applications. To select the right equipment for a particular application. To design and implement refrigeration and air conditioning systems using standards. Energy Conservation and Management. COURSE OUTCOMES: Describe basic elements of vapour compression system like condenser, evaporator, expansion valve and refrigerant. Calculate performance and load balancing. Explain the principle of compound compression using multi-evaporator and multi-stage systems using flash inter-cooling. Describe low temperature production systems like liquefaction, cascade and dry ice systems. Understand absorption system. Explain the working principle, calculations of air, steam jet and unconventional refrigeration systems like thermo-electric, vortex tube, pulse tube. Understand requirements of comfort air-conditioning. Perform cooling load estimation under various conditions. Calculate bypass factor, ADP, RSHF, ESHF, GSHF for different air-conditioning systems like fresh air, recirculated air, reheat systems. UNIT – I Vapour Compression Refrigeration : Performance of Complete vapor compression system. Components of Vapor Compression System: The condensing unit – Evaporators Expansion valve – Refrigerants – Properties – ODP & GWP - Load balancing of vapor compression Unit. UNIT – II Compound Compression Flash inter-cooling – flash chamber – Multi-evaporator & Multistage systems. UNIT – III Production of low temperature – Liquefaction system ;Cascade System – Applications.– Dry ice system. Vapor absorption system – Simple and modified aqua – ammonia system – Representation on Enthalpy diagram. Lithium – Bromide system Three fluid system – HCOP. UNIT – IV Air Refrigeration : Applications – Air Craft Refrigeration -Simple, Bootstrap, Regenerative and Reduced ambient systems – Problems based on different systems. Jet refrigeration system Representation on T-s and h-s diagrams – limitations and applications. Unconventional Refrigeration system – Thermo-electric – Vortex tube & Pulse tube – working principles.