Week 2: Health Policy, Politics, and Health Curriculum Design Notes Healthcare reform is changing the of healthcare in the United States. We are moving from a system to a health-oriented system. Healthcare funding is also transitioning to a value-based pricing structure. Public policy must address societal and environmental changes, in addition to lifestyle changes, that will positively influence health of entire population. Community/public health nurses have a responsibility to become advocates at a local, state and national level. Faculty Resources National Vaccine Information Center Ryan White program - Ryan White Treatment Extension Act Obesity General laws and policies Numbers by state Key Concepts US Healthcare system transitioning from a disease-oriented system to a health-oriented system. Vast majority of US health expenditures spent providing care for the sick; only $0.03 of every health care dollar directed toward preventative health activities. US health indicators rate considerably below the health indicators of many other countries, in spite of high hospital and physician expenditures Health status of Americans varies markedly based on geographic location and among groups (economically disadvantaged and many cultural and ethnic groups have poorer overall health compared to middle-class Caucasians) Between 1980 and 2008, more than doubled number of nurses working in community health and ambulatory settings Influence of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) Movement to value-based pricing: public has right to know information about the healthcare system; public accountability encourages open reporting and sharing of data across institutions and organizations; focused on the outcomes and costs of healthcare. This information now driving how healthcare institutions and agencies are reimbursed.
Week 6: Global Health Curriculum Design Notes This week focuses on global health. Health care and health care reform are areas of worldwide focus. Health care access for all is one aspect of the global health agenda. Understanding global issues and trends will assist nurses in providing care while working in foreign countries or working domestically with patients from various countries. Faculty Resources Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation: Key Concepts Trends in Global Health Globalization: increased social and economic dependence and integration as capital, goods, person, concepts, images, ideas, and values cross state boundaries Influence of technology Frequency of international travel Population characteristics Enormous population growth presents a threat to the health and economy of many nations. World population distribution is uneven As world population grows, global trend toward urbanization Population health threatened by environmental factors and disease Environmental factors Environmental stressors Pollution Air Water Land Patterns of health and disease Differences in developed and developing countries Disease patterns Primary causes of death Racial, ethnic and access disparities Developed countries Primary causes of mortality related to chronic diseases, violence, and traumatic injury Developing countries Infections, malnutrition and violence x Emerging pathogens World Health Organization list of top emerging diseases likely to cause epidemics List provides basis for WHO Blueprint for Research & Development preparedness