Creating a proper, protected boundary for the wildlife sanctuaries. Distribution of the plant and animal species found in the Indian forests S.No. Forest Type Rainfall Characteristics Plant species Animal species Regions 1. Tropical Rain Forests More than 200 cm 1. Have a short dry season. 2. The trees appear green all the year round. 3. Don’t have any particular period to shed the leaves. 4. The trees reach up to the height of 60 m. 5. They are of little commercial use as they are difficult to exploit. Ebony, Mahogany, Rosewood Elephants, Monkey, various birds, lemur, bats, sloth and the reptiles, deer, scorpions, snails and the one horned rhinoceros Rainy parts of the Western Ghats, Island groups of Lakshwadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu 2. Tropical Deciduous Forests 200cm to 70 cm 1. Most dominant or widespread vegetation. 2. These trees shed their leaves during the dry season for about 6 to 8 weeks. 3. These forests are economically very significant for India. 4. These forests are also named as the monsoon forests. 5. Every species have their own time of shedding leaves. Therefore, the forest does not appear leave less at any time of the year. 6. They are divided into moist and dry deciduous forests 7. Moist deciduous forests are in the areas in the areas of rainfall 200cm to 100cm 8. Dry deciduous forests are found in Moist deciduous forests: Teak is the most dominant species. Bamboo, Sal, Shisham, Sandalwood, Khair, Kusum, Arjun, Mulberry Dry deciduous forests: Teak , Sal, Poles Lions, tigers, pigs,deers, elephants, various birds, lizards, snakes, tortoise, insects and worms Moist deciduous forests: North-eastern states, foothills of the Himalayas, Jharkhand, West Orissa, Chhattisgarh, on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats Dry deciduous forests: Parts of the Peninsular plateau, plains of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh.
the areas of less rainfall100 cm to 70 cm 3. Tropical thorn and Scrub Forests Less than 70 cm 1. Trees are scattered. 2. Trees have long roots penetrating deep into the soil and spreading in the radial pattern to find water. 3. Leaves are mostly small and waxy to minimize the evaporation. 4. In the drier regions, thorny trees and the scrubs grow. Rats , mice rabbits, fox, wolf, tiger, lion, goats, wild ass, horses, camels North- western parts of India, semi-arid areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana 4. Temperate forests and Grasslands Less than 70 cm 1. They flourish up to the height of about 1000 m. 2. Above the tropical deciduous forests, between 1000 to 2000m wet temperate type of forests flourishes. Here evergreen broad- leaves trees like oak and chestnut 1000 m – teak, shisham, sal and rosewood 1000m to 2000m – oak, chestnuts 3000m- pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar Higher Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, shaggy horn wild ibex, red panda, goat with the thick hair. In the mountainous areas like Himalayas S.No. Forest Type Rainfall Characteristics Plant species Animal species Regions 5. Alpine and the Tundra Vegetation Less than 70 cm in form of snow 1. Here temperate forests and grasslands are replaced by Alpine type of vegetation. 2. As these trees approach the snowline, they get progressively stunted. 3. they ultimately through the scrubs and the shrubs merge into the grasslands which act Silver fir, junipers, pines, birches, shrubs, scrubs, Alpine grasslands Snow leopard, yak Found at high altitudes generally more than 3600m above the sea levels