1842 – Children under 10 are no longer allowed to work in Mines (The Mines Act). 1843 – Britain claims the former Boer Republic of Natal as a British colony. 1843 – Dickens publishes “A Christmas Carol”. 1844 – Children aged 8 – 13 are no longer allowed to work over 6.5 hours a day (The Factory Act). 1845 – 1849 – Around 800,000 people die in the Irish Potato Famine. Irish survivors migrate to Britain, Australia, USA and Canada. 1844 – 1845 – Over 8,000km of railway is built across Britain. 1848 – Public health act introduced to try and combat death rates. 1850 – Workhouses are opened to try and help the poorest people. In return for work, they are given basics including food and a bed. 1850 – Britain introduces the post box. 1851 – London is Britain’s largest city with a population of around 2.4 million. 1851 – The First free public library opens in Winchester, Hampshire. 1851 – The Great Exhibition opens at Crystal Palace. 1851 – Roughly half of Britain’s population now live in cities. 1852 – Flushing public toilet opens in London. 1854 – Cholera epidemic leads to people demanding clean water and sewage systems in the cities. 1854 – 1856 – The Crimean War is fought by Britain and France against Russia. 1856 – Britain and France beat Russia in the Crimean War. 1856 – Police Established in all towns and cities. 1858 – India is now under British Rule. 1859 – Big Ben enters service next to Houses of Parliment. 1859 – Charles Darwin publishes “On the Origin of Species”.
1860 – Trams enter service in England. 1861 – Post office savings introduced for normal members of the public. 1861 – Death of Queen Victoria’s husband, Prince Albert. 1863 – First underground railway is opened under London. 1863 – Foundation of the Football Association (FA). 1864 – Boys under 10 can no longer work as chimney sweeps. 1868 – The last public hanging. 1869 – Sainsbury’s opens in Dury Lane, London. 1870 – Schools open for 5 – 10 year olds. 1871 – The Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria. 1871 – Bank holidays are introduced allowing banks to close for a few days. 1872 – Secret ballot voting is introduced. 1872 – First FA Cup Final takes place. 1875 – First man swims the English Channels in 22 hours. 1876 – Alexander Bell invents the telephone. 1876 – Primary school is made compulsory. 1877 – First recording of a human’s voice is made. 1878 – Public electric lighting is first seen in London. 1879 – Thomas Edison invents the light bulb. 1880 – School is compulsory for 5 – 10 year olds (Education Act). 1883 – The first electric powered railway begins. 1887 – Britain creates colony of Nigeria in Africa. 1887 – Golden Jubilee celebrating 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria’s reign. 1887 – The Gramophone is invented.
What techniques does the writer use? (both language and structure) Extract from The Guardian - Labour MP Jo Cox dies after being shot and stabbed. The Labour MP Jo Cox has died after being shot and stabbed multiple times following a constituency meeting. Armed officers responded to the attack near a library in Birstall, West Yorkshire, on Thursday afternoon. A 52-year-old man was arrested in the area, police confirmed. The suspect was named locally as Tommy Mair. Police added that Cox, 41, the MP for Batley and Spen, had suffered serious injuries and was pronounced dead at 1.48pm on Thursday by a doctor with paramedics at the scene. Police confirmed that a man in his late 40s to early 50s nearby suffered slight injuries in the incident. They are also investigating reports that the suspect shouted “Britain first”, a possible reference to the , as he launched the attack. Police are understood to be talking to at least one witness who claimed to have heard the attacker shout the words, and the motivation for the incident will form part of their inquiry. Cox’s husband, Brendan, said after her death was announced: “Today is the beginning of a new chapter in our lives. More difficult, more painful, less joyful, less full of love. I and Jo’s friends and family are going to work every moment of our lives to love and nurture our kids and to fight against the hate that killed Jo. “ and she fought for it every day of her life with an energy and a zest for life that would exhaust most people. She would have wanted two things above all else to happen now – one, that our precious children are bathed in love and two, that we all unite to fight against the hatred that killed her. Hate doesn’t have a creed, race or religion, it is poisonous. Jo would have no regrets about her life, she lived every day of it to the full.” Graeme Howard, 38, who lives in nearby Bond Street, told the Guardian he heard the man shout “Britain first” before the shooting and during the arrest. “I heard the shot and I ran outside and saw some ladies from the cafe running out with towels,” he said. “There was loads of screaming and shouting and the police officers showed up. “He was shouting ‘Britain first’ when he was doing it and being arrested. He was pinned down by two police officers and she was taken away in an ambulance.”