TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY 3 CONCLUSIONS AND REGULATORY OBLIGATIONS 3 ASSESSMENT DETAILS 5 1. APPLICANT AND NOTIFICATION DETAILS 5 2. IDENTITY OF CHEMICAL 5 3. COMPOSITION 5 4. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 5 5. INTRODUCTION AND USE INFORMATION 7 6. HUMAN HEALTH IMPLICATIONS 7 6.1. Exposure Assessment 7 6.1.1. Occupational Exposure 7 6.1.2. Public Exposure 8 6.2. Human Health Effects Assessment 8 6.3. Human Health Risk Characterisation 9 6.3.1. Occupational Health and Safety 9 6.3.2. Public Health 9 7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS 9 7.1. Environmental Exposure & Fate Assessment 9 7.1.1. Environmental Exposure 9 7.1.2. Environmental Fate 10 7.1.3. Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) 10 7.2. Environmental Effects Assessment 10 7.2.1. Predicted No-Effect Concentration 11 7.3. Environmental Risk Assessment 11 Appendix A: Physical and Chemical Properties 12 Appendix B: Toxicological Investigations 13 B.1. Acute toxicity – oral (LTD/1987) 13 B.2. Acute toxicity – oral (LTD/1988) 13 B.3. Genotoxicity – bacteria (LTD/1987) 14 B.4. Genotoxicity – bacteria (LTD/1988) 15 BIBLIOGRAPHY 17
Disposal Where reuse or recycling are not appropriate, dispose of the notified chemicals in an environmentally sound manner in accordance with relevant Commonwealth, state, territory and local government legislation. Emergency procedures Spills or accidental release of the notified chemicals should be handled by physical containment, collection and subsequent safe disposal. Regulatory Obligations Secondary Notification This risk assessment is based on the information available at the time of notification. The Director may call for the reassessment of the chemical under secondary notification provisions based on changes in certain circumstances. Under Section 64 of the Industrial Chemicals (Notification and Assessment) Act (1989) the notifier, as well as any other importer or manufacturer of the notified chemical, have post-assessment regulatory obligations to notify NICNAS when any of these circumstances change. These obligations apply even when the notified chemical is listed on the Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS). Therefore, the Director of NICNAS must be notified in writing within 28 days by the notifier, other importer or manufacturer: (1) Under Section 64(1) of the Act; if the importation volume exceeds one tonne per annum of each notified chemical; the notified chemicals are introduced in solid form for reformulation in Australia; ecotoxicological studies become available on the notified chemicals; or (2) Under Section 64(2) of the Act; if the function or use of the notified chemicals has changed from component of inkjet printing ink or is likely to change significantly; the amount of the notified chemicals being introduced has increased, or is likely to increase, significantly; the notified chemicals have begun to be manufactured in Australia; additional information has become available to the person as to an adverse effect of the notified chemicals on occupational health and safety, public health, or the environment. The Director will then decide whether a reassessment (i.e. a secondary notification and assessment) is required. Safety Data Sheet The SDS of the notified chemicals and products containing the notified chemicals provided by the notifier were reviewed by NICNAS. The accuracy of the information on the SDS remains the responsibility of the applicant. ASSESSMENT DETAILS This notification has been conducted under the cooperative arrangement with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Information pertaining to the assessment of the notified chemical by the US EPA was provided to NICNAS and, where appropriate, used in this assessment report. The other elements of the risk assessment and recommendations on the safe use of the notified chemical were carried out by NICNAS. APPLICANT AND NOTIFICATION DETAILS