鹿松露属

**鹿松露屬**（學名：_Elaphomyces_）也稱**大團囊菌屬**，是子囊菌門散囊菌綱散囊菌目鹿松露科的一個屬。 多數物種為外生菌根的共生真菌，與共生植物形成外生菌根。鹿松露與松露是不同的，鹿松露是子囊菌門真菌，其子囊果在地下平均 5cm 深度，屬於地下真菌（hypogeous fungus），常年生長。松露則是擔子菌門真菌，雖然營養菌絲在地下，但其子囊果在地面之上，因此只能季節性生長。目前發現約 50 個鹿松露物種。

在溫帶和亞北極森林生態系統中，鹿松露屬是最重要的外生菌根真菌屬之一。它們是環境中砷污染修復植物，某些鹿松露的砷積累效能達到 12–660 mg /kg（以乾重計），而且有機砷的組成很不尋常，主要為甲基砷酸和三甲基砷氧化物。

鹿松露不能為人類食用，但是野豬或其它小哺乳動物的最愛。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Elaphomyces aculeatus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces adamizans_ Castellano & T.W.Henkel
* _Elaphomyces americanus_ Castellano
* _Elaphomyces anthracinus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces appalachiensis_ Linder
* _Elaphomyces asahimontanus_ Kobayasi
* _Elaphomyces asperulus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces atropurpureus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces aurantius_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces austrogranulatus_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces barrioi_ A.Paz, Lavoise & Molia
* _Elaphomyces bartlettii_ Castellano & R.B.Stephens
* _Elaphomyces bollardii_ Beever, Castellano & Trappe
* _Elaphomyces borealis_ Jeppson & E.Larss., 2021
* _Elaphomyces bucholtzii_ Saitta, A.Paz, E.Otsing & Tedersoo
* _Elaphomyces carbonaceus_ Corner & Hawker
* _Elaphomyces chlorocarpus_ Castellano, Trappe & T.Lebel
* _Elaphomyces cibulae_ Castellano, Trappe & D.Mitchell
* _Elaphomyces citrinopapillatus_ A.Molia, A.Paz & Lavoise
* _Elaphomyces citrinus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces compleximurus_ Castellano, T.W.Henkel & S.L.Mill.
* _Elaphomyces cooloolanus_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces coralloideus_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces cyanosporus_ Tul. & C.Tul.
* _Elaphomyces darjeelingensis_ K.S.Thind & B.M.Sharma
* _Elaphomyces decipiens_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces digitatus_ Castellano, T.W.Henkel & S.L.Mill.
* _Elaphomyces favosus_ Castellano & T.W.Henkel
* _Elaphomyces fici_ Tilak & Rokde
* _Elaphomyces foetidus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces fragilisporus_ S.Imai
* 粒狀大團囊菌 _Elaphomyces granulatus_ Fr., 1829
* _Elaphomyces guangdongensis_ B.C.Zhang
* _Elaphomyces iuppitercellus_ Castellano & T.W.Henkel
* 日本大團囊菌 _Elaphomyces japonicus_ Lloyd
* _Elaphomyces labyrinthinus_ Castellano & T.W.Henkel
* _Elaphomyces laetiluteus_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces leonis_ Juste, Faust.García, J.M.Vidal & A.Paz
* _Elaphomyces leucocarpus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces leucosporus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces leveillei_ Tul. & C.Tul.
* _Elaphomyces loebiae_ Castellano & T.F.Elliott
* _Elaphomyces luteicrustus_ Beever, Castellano & Trappe
* _Elaphomyces macrosporus_ Castellano & T.F.Elliott
* _Elaphomyces maculatus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces mitchelliae_ Castellano & T.F.Elliott
* _Elaphomyces miyabeanus_ S.Imai
* _Elaphomyces morettii_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces muricatus_ Fr.
* _Elaphomyces mutabilis_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces nemoreus_ Jeppson, A.Molia & E.Larsson
* _Elaphomyces neoasperulus_ Kobayasi
* _Elaphomyces nikkoensis_ S.Imai
* _Elaphomyces nopporensis_ S.Imai
* _Elaphomyces nothofagi_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces officinalis_ Nees
* _Elaphomyces oreoides_ Castellano
* _Elaphomyces papillatus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces pedicellaris_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces persoonii_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces porcatosporus_ B.C.Zhang
* _Elaphomyces pusillus_ A.Molia & S.Sivertsen
* _Elaphomyces putridus_ Beever, Castellano & Trappe
* _Elaphomyces queenslandicus_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces quercicola_ Ławryn., A.Paz & Lavoise
* _Elaphomyces remickii_ Castellano & R.B.Stephens
* _Elaphomyces reticulosporus_ B.C.Zhang
* _Elaphomyces roseolus_ Setkos, Kaounas, A.Paz, Lavoise & Fern.Rodr.
* _Elaphomyces roseoviolaceus_ A.Molia & E.Larsson
* _Elaphomyces rugosisporus_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces septatus_ Vittad.
* _Elaphomyces shimizuensis_ Kobayasi
* _Elaphomyces singaporensis_ Corner & Hawker
* _Elaphomyces spinoreticulatus_ B.C.Zhang & Minter
* _Elaphomyces spirosporus_ A.Paz & Lavoise
* _Elaphomyces subvariegatus_ S.Imai
* _Elaphomyces subviscidus_ (Zeller) Trappe & Guzmán
* _Elaphomyces suejoyceae_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces sulphureopallidus_ Vaček
* _Elaphomyces symeae_ Castellano, Trappe & T.Lebel
* _Elaphomyces timgrovei_ Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
* _Elaphomyces titibuensis_ Kobayasi
* _Elaphomyces tropicalis_ Sukarno & Listiyowati
* _Elaphomyces tuberculatus_ A-S.Xu
* _Elaphomyces verrucosus_ C.W.Dodge
* _Elaphomyces verruculosus_ Castellano
* _Elaphomyces violaceoniger_ A.Paz, Faust.García & Lavoise
* _Elaphomyces virgatosporus_ Hollós
* _Elaphomyces viridiseptus_ Trappe & Kimbr.

## 參看

## 參考