鸕鶿屬

**鸕鶿屬**（_Phalacrocorax_）是鸕鶿科的一個屬，該屬共有 22 個種，其中白令鸕在 19 世紀滅絕。

2014 年的一項分子發生研究顯示，該屬的部分生物其實與藍眼鸕鶿屬的生物關係更加親密。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* 歐洲綠鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax aristotelis_ (Linnaeus, 1761)
* 角鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax auritus_ (Lesson, 1831)
* 南極鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax bransfieldensis_
* 斑翅鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax brasilianus_ (Gmelin, 1789)
* 南非鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax capensis_ (Sparrman, 1788)
* 暗綠背鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax capillatus_ (Temminck & Schlegel, 1849)，綠背鸕鶿
* 普通鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax carbo_ (Linnaeus, 1758)
* _Phalacrocorax chapalensis_ Alvarez, 1977
* 皮島鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax featherstoni_ Buller, 1873
* _Phalacrocorax femoralis_ (Miller, 1929)
* _Phalacrocorax filyawi_ Emslie, 1995
* 黑面鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax fuscescens_ (Vieillot, 1817)，黑臉斑鸕鶿
* 印度鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax fuscicollis_ Stephens, 1826
* 紅腿鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax gaimardi_ (Lesson & Garnot, 1828)
* _Phalacrocorax goletensis_ Howard, 1965
* 弱翅鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax harrisi_ Rothschild, 1898
* _Phalacrocorax kennelli_ Howard, 1949
* _Phalacrocorax lautus_ Kurochkin & Ganea, 1972
* _Phalacrocorax leptopus_ Brodkorb, 1961
* _Phalacrocorax levaillanti_
* 白喉鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax lucidus_ (Lichtenstein, 1823)
* _Phalacrocorax macer_ Brodkorb, 1958
* 岩鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax magellanicus_ (Gmelin, 1789)
* _Phalacrocorax marinavis_ Shufeldt, 1915
* 地中海鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax mediterraneus_ Shufeldt, 1915
* _Phalacrocorax melanogenis_ Blyth, 1860
* 蒙古鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax mongoliensis_ Kurochkin, 1971
* 海角鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax neglectus_ (Wahlberg, 1855)，岸鸕鶿
* 索科特拉鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax nigrogularis_ Ogilvie-Grant & H.O.Forbes, 1899，黑喉鸕鶿
* _Phalacrocorax nivalis_
* 紐西蘭鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax novaezealandiae_ Forbes, 1891
* 海鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax pelagicus_ Pallas, 1811
* 加州鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax penicillatus_ (Brandt, 1837)
* 白令鸕 _Phalacrocorax perspicillatus_ Pallas, 1811 †
* _Phalacrocorax praecarbo_ (von Ammon, 1918)
* 白眉斑鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax punctatus_ (Sparrman, 1786)，點斑鸕鶿
* _Phalacrocorax reliquus_ Kurochkin, 1976
* _Phalacrocorax risgoviensis_ Fraas, 1882
* _Phalacrocorax rogersi_ Howard, 1932
* _Phalacrocorax serdicensis_ Burchak-Abramovich & Nikolov, 1984
* 黑色小鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax sulcirostris_ (Brandt, 1837)，黑鸕鶿
* 紅臉鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax urile_ (Gmelin, 1789)
* 澳洲斑鸕鶿 _Phalacrocorax varius_ (Gmelin, 1789)，斑鸕鶿
* _Phalacrocorax wetmorei_ Brodkorb, 1955
* _Pliocarbo longipes_ (Tugarinov, 1940)

**歸入本屬的物種：**

* _Graculus idahensis_ (Marsh, 1870)
* _Graculus intermedius_ (Milne-Edwards, 1867)
* _Graculus littoralis_ (Milne-Edwards, 1863)
* _Graculus macropus_ (Cope, 1878)
* _Stictocarbo kumeyaay Chandler, 1990_

**下列物種可參閱相關的英文詞條：**

以下有五種 \* 可能與藍眼鸕鶿屬 (_Leucocarbo_) 比較有關係。

* **歐洲綠鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax aristotelis\*_
* **角鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax auritus\*_
* **斑翅鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax brasilianus\*_
* **南非鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax capensis_
* **暗綠背鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax capillatus_
* **普通鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax carbo_
* **皮島鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax featherstoni_
* **黑面鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax fuscescens_
* **印度鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax fuscicollis_
* **紅腿鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax gaimardi_
* **弱翅鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax harrisi\*_
* **白喉鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax lucidus_
* **岩鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax magellanicus\*_
* **海角鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax neglectus_
* **索科特拉鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax nigrogularis_
* **海鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax pelagicus_
* **加州鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax penicillatus_
* †**白令鸕**, _Phalacrocorax perspicillatus_
* **白眉斑鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax punctatus_
* **黑色小鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax sulcirostris_
* **紅臉鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax urile_
* **澳洲斑鸕鶿**, _Phalacrocorax varius_

## 參考文獻