马尔科姆·劳里

**克拉倫斯・馬爾科姆・勞瑞**（Clarence Malcolm Lowry，1909 年 7 月 28 日 —1957 年 6 月 26 日）是英國詩人和小說家，他最著名的作品是小說《在火山下》，該著作被紐約公共圖書館《世紀之書》以及蘭登書屋《當代文庫》選作 20 世紀百大英文小說第 11 名。.

## 寫作

勞瑞一生著作出版其實很少，相比之下他去世時卻留下了大量的未完成的手稿。在他的兩部小說中，_在火山下_ (1947) 目前被普遍認為是傑出之作，也是 20 世紀最傑出的小說之一 (《當代文庫》 20 世紀百大英文小說第 11 名). 這本書展現的勞瑞的寫作手法特點，包括重點使用自傳式的素材，並且充滿了複雜的、隱喻性的象徵手法寫作。_在火山下_描述了一系列複雜、讓人難以接受的惡劣人際關係，而寫作背景則是墨西哥的火山噴發。

_火山：關於勞瑞的生死調查_ (1976) 是加拿大電影局拍攝的獲得奧斯卡提名的紀錄片，製片人是 Donald Brittain and Robert A. Duncan，導演則是 Brittain and John Kramer. 該片開創了對勞瑞「意外事故死亡」的調查，然後倒敘講述作者生活。片中還包括勞瑞作品的節選，由 Richard Burton 朗讀，背景則拍攝於墨西哥、美國、加拿大和英格蘭。

## 作品列表

* _Ultramarine_ (1933)
* _在火山下_ (1947), 1984 年被 約翰・休斯頓 拍成電影

### 死後出版

* _Hear Us O Lord from Heaven Thy Dwelling Place_ (1961)
* _Selected Poems of Malcolm Lowry_ (1962)
* _Lunar Caustic_ (1968)
* _Dark as the Grave wherein my Friend is Laid_ (1968)
* _October Ferry to Gabriola_ (1970)
* _The Cinema of Malcolm Lowry: A Scholarly Edition of Malcolm Lowry's "Tender is the Night" edited by Miquel Mota & Paul Tiessen (1990)_
* _The 1940 Under The Volcano_ (1994)
* _La Mordida_ edited by Patrick A. McCarthy (1996)

## 繼續閱讀

* An Anthology from X (Oxford University Press 1988). X (magazine) ran from 1959–62. Edited by David Wright & Patrick Swift. Contributions from Lowry, W.H. Auden, Samuel Beckett, Alberto Giacometti, Francis Bacon (painter), Stevie Smith, Robert Graves, David Gascoyne, et al.
* _The Collected Poetry of Malcolm Lowry_ (1992) edited by Kathleen Scherf
* _The Kaleidoscopic Vision of Malcolm Lowry: Souls and Shamans_, by Nigel H. Foxcroft, (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2019). ISBN 978-1-4985-1657-0
* _The Voyage That Never Ends_ (2007), selected stories, poems, and letters; edited by Michael Hofmann
* Grace, Sherrill. (2009). _Strange Comfort: Essays on the Work of Malcolm Lowry_. Talonbooks: Vancouver, B.C. ISBN 978-0-88922-618-0
* _Malcolm Lowry from the Mersey to the World_ (2009) edited by Bryan Biggs and Helen Tookey

## 傳記

* _Lowry, a Biography_, Douglas Day (1973)
* _Volcano: An Inquiry Into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry_, National Film Board of Canada, (1976)
* _Malcolm Lowry Remembered_, G. Bowker, ed (1985)
* _Pursued by Furies: A Life of Malcolm Lowry_, G. Bowker (1993)
* _Inside the Volcano: My Life with Malcolm Lowry_, Jan Gabrial (2000)

## 參考

## 來源

* Asals, Frederick, _The making of Malcolm Lowry's Under the volcano_ (University of Georgia: Athens, 1997)
* Bareham, Tony, _Modern Novelists: Malcolm Lowry_ (St Martins: New York, 1989)
* Bowker, Gordon, ed, _Malcolm Lowry Remembered_ (Ariel: London, 1985)
* Bradbrook, M.C., _Malcolm Lowry: His Art and Early Life_ (CUP: Cambridge, 1974)
* Cross, Richard K., _Malcolm Lowry: a preface to his fiction_ (Athlone Press: London, 1980)
* Foxcroft, Nigel H., _The Kaleidoscopic Vision of Malcolm Lowry: Souls and Shamans_ (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2019). ISBN 978-1-4985-1657-0
* Hochschild, Adam, _Finding the Trapdoor: Essays, Portraits, Travels_, pp. 265–73, "The Private Volcano of Malcolm Lowry," (Syracuse University Press: Syracuse, 1997)
* Miller, David, _Malcolm Lowry and the voyage that never ends_ (Enitharmon Press: London, 1976)
* Smith, Anne, _The art of Malcolm Lowry_ (Vision: London, 1978)
* Stevenson, Randall, _The British Novel Since the Thirties_ (Batsford: London, 1986)
* Vice, Sue, _Malcolm Lowry eighty years on_ (St. Martins Press: New York, 1989)
* Woolmer, J. Howard, _Malcolm Lowry: a bibliography_ (Woolmer/Brotherson: Pennsylvania, 1983)

## 外部連結 s

* 勞瑞的在火山下
* A Hypertextual Companion to Under the Volcano （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Short Excerpt from _Dark As The Grave_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Photo of the beach where Malcolm Lowry's shack was located in North Vancouver, Canada
* Volcano: An Inquiry into the Life and Death of Malcolm Lowry （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, film from the NFB （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
* Audiobook (mp3) of the preface written in 1948 by Malcolm Lowry for French readers of _Under the Volcano_.
* Malcolm Lowry entry at The Canadian Encyclopedia （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* 在 Find a Grave 上的馬爾科姆・勞瑞