長萼蘭屬

**長萼蘭屬**（_Brassia_）是蘭科蕙蘭族的一個屬，原產於中美洲、南美洲北部和西印度群島，_B. caudata_ 也見於佛羅里達。

該屬的學名來自英國植物學家威廉・布拉斯（William Brass）的姓，在園藝貿易中常縮寫為「Brs」。其被片狹長，形似蜘蛛，因此在歐美國家又稱「蜘蛛蘭」（spider orchid），在台灣該屬也譯為**蜘蛛蘭屬**，但這並非中國植物誌上的蜘蛛蘭屬（_Arachnis_）。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Brassia allenae_ L.O.Williams ex C.Schweinf.
* _Brassia allenii_ L.O.Williams ex C.Schweinf.
* _Brassia andina_ (Rchb.f.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia andreettae_ (Dodson) Senghas
* _Brassia angusta_ Lindl.
* _Brassia angustilabia_ Schltr.
* _Brassia arachnoidea_ Barb.Rodr.
* _Brassia arcuigera_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia aurantiaca_ (Lindl.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia aurorae_ D.E.Benn.
* _Brassia bennettiorum_ (Dodson) Senghas
* _Brassia bidens_ Lindl.
* _Brassia bowmanni_ (Rchb.f.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia brachypus_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia brevis_ (Kraenzl.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia brunnea_ Archila
* _Brassia caudata_ (L.) Lindl.
* _Brassia cauliformis_ C.Schweinf.
* _Brassia chloroleuca_ Barb.Rodr.
* _Brassia chlorops_ Endrés & Rchb.f.
* _Brassia cochlearis_ (H.R.Sweet) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia cochleata_ Knowles & Westc.
* _Brassia coryandra_ C.Morren
* _Brassia cyrtopetala_ Schltr.
* _Brassia diphylla_ (H.R.Sweet) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia dresslerorum_ Archila
* _Brassia ecuadorensis_ (Garay) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia endresii_ (Kraenzl.)
* _Brassia escobariana_ Garay
* _Brassia euodes_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia farinifera_ Linden & Rchb.f.
* _Brassia filomenoi_ Schltr.
* _Brassia forgetiana_ Sander
* _Brassia garayana_ M.W.Chase
* _Brassia gireoudiana_ Rchb.f. & Warsz.
* _Brassia glumacea_ Lindl.
* _Brassia glumaceoides_ M.W.Chase
* _Brassia horichii_ (I.Bock) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia huebneri_ Schltr.
* _Brassia iguapoana_ Schltr.
* _Brassia incantans_ (Rchb.f.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia jipijapensis_ Dodson & N.H.Williams
* _Brassia keiliana_ Rchb.f. ex Lindl.
* _Brassia koehlerorum_ Schltr.
* _Brassia lanceama_
* _Brassia lanceana_ Lindl.
* _Brassia lehmannii_ (Garay) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia leursii_ Rolfe
* _Brassia macrostachya_ Lindl.
* _Brassia maculata_ R.Br.
* _Brassia mendozae_ (Dodson) Senghas
* _Brassia minutiflora_ (Kraenzl.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia neglecta_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia ocanensis_ Lindl.
* _Brassia panamensis_ (Garay) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia pascoensis_ D.E.Benn. & Christenson
* _Brassia peruviana_ Poepp. & Endl.
* _Brassia pozoi_ (Dodson & N.H.Williams) Senghas
* _Brassia pumila_ Lindl.
* _Brassia rhizomatosa_ Garay & Dunst.
* _Brassia rolandoi_ (D.E.Benn. & Christenson) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia signata_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia suavissima_ Pupulin & Bogarín
* _Brassia sulphurea_ (Rchb.f.) M.W.Chase
* _Brassia thyrsodes_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia thyrsoides_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia transamazonica_ D.E.Benn. & Christenson
* _Brassia verrucosa_ Bateman
* _Brassia verrucosa_ Bateman ex Lindl.
* _Brassia villosa_ Lindl.
* _Brassia wageneri_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia warscewiczii_ Rchb.f., 1852
* _Brassia warszewiczii_ Rchb.f.
* _Brassia whewellii_ J.M.H.Shaw
* _Brassia wyllisiana_ K.G.Lacerda & V.P.Castro

**歸入本屬的物種：**

* _Mesospinidium helmannii_ Garay, 1973
* _Mesospinidium medinae_ Szlach. & Kolan.

## 雜交種

* ×_Alexanderara_ (_Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Odontoglossum_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Aliceara_ (_Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Bakerara_ (_Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Banfieldara_ (_Ada_ x _Brassia_ x _Odontoglossum_ )
* ×_Beallara_ (_Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_ )
* ×_Brapasia_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_)
* ×_Brassada_ (_Ada_ x _Brassia_)
* ×_Brassidium_ (_Brassia_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Brassioda_ (_Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_)
* ×_Brassochilus_ (_Brassia_ x _Leochilus_)
* ×_Brilliandeara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Crawshayara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Degarmoara_ (_Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_ )
* ×_Derosaara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_ )
* ×_Duggerara_ (_Ada_ x _Brassia_ x _Miltonia_)
* ×_Eliara_ (_Brassia_ x _Oncidium_ x _Rodriguezia_)
* ×_Forgetara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Miltonia_)
* ×_Goodaleara_ (_Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Hamiltonara_ (_Ada_ x _Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Odontoglossum_ )
* ×_Johnkellyara_ (_Brassia_ x _Leochilus_ x _Oncidium_ x _Rodriguezia_)
* ×_Maclellanara_ (_Brassia_ x _Odontoglossum_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Miltassia_ (_Brassia_ x _Miltonia_)
* ×_Norwoodara_ (_Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Oncidium_ x _Rodriguezia_)
* ×_Odontobrassia_ (_Brassia_ x _Odontoglossum_)
* ×_Pettitara_ (_Ada_ x _Brassia_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Roccaforteara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Odontoglossum_)
* ×_Rodrassia_ (_Brassia_ x _Rodriguezia_)
* ×_Rohriara_ (_Ada_ x _Aspasia_ x _Brassia_)
* ×_Sanderara_ (_Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Odontoglossum_)
* ×_Sauledaara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Miltonia_ x _Oncidium_ x _Rodriguezia_)
* ×_Schafferara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Cochlioda_ x _Miltonia_ x _Odontoglossum_)
* ×_Shiveara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Odontoglossum_ x _Oncidium_)
* ×_Wingfieldara_ (_Aspasia_ x _Brassia_ x _Odontoglossum_)

## 參考文獻

* Pupulin, F. and Bogarin, D.: The genus Brassia in Costa Rica : A survey of four species and a new species ; Lindleyana, March 2005
* Dressler, R.L., and N.H. Williams. 2003. _New combinations in Mesoamerican Oncidiinae (Orchidaceae)_. Selbyana 24(1):44–45.
* van der Pijl, L., and C.H. Dodson. 1966. _Orchid Flowers: Their Pollination and Evolution._ University of Miami Press, Coral Gables.

## 外部連接

* 維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：_Brassia_