英语不规则动词

英語中有大約 200 個不規則動詞，如果把前綴派生詞也計算在內的話，則會更多。在大多數情況下，不規則動詞的不規則性體現在過去式和過去分詞上。

通常來說，不規則動詞的第三人稱單數和現在分詞的屈折變化（分別是加 _-[e]s_ 或 _-ing_ 後綴）是規則的，但也有一些例外：如動詞 _be_, _have_, _do_, _go_, _say_ 等。有些情態動詞則沒有部分屈折形態。

英語中的不規則動詞包含了日常生活中最常用的動詞。英語中的新詞（如外來詞）往往遵循一般的屈折變化，除非它們的詞根是一個不規則動詞（如 _housesit_ 遵循和 _sit_ 一樣的不規則屈折變化）。

現代英語中的許多不規則動詞由日耳曼語強變化動詞派生而來，這些動詞往往通過元音變換來體現屈折形式，比如現代英語中 _sing-sang-sung_。相對的，規則動詞在詞尾加 _-ed_ 的屈折變化，則是來源於日耳曼語弱變化動詞在詞尾加齒音（_-t_ 或 _-d_）的習慣。

有關動詞英語中規則動詞變位的信息，可參見英語動詞條目。

## 列表

本列表包含 204 個標籤現代英語中常用的不規則動詞。罕用的、僅在方言中使用的，或是參古舊的用法不包含在此列表內。通過給基礎動詞加上前綴形成的大部分動詞（如 _unbend_, _understand_, _mistake_ 等）也不包含在內。不收錄非限定動詞（如 _clad_, _sodden_ 等）。

完整的列表請參見英語不規則動詞列表。每個單詞的發音及釋義，請參見維基詞典。

* _a-_ : for _abide_, _arise_, _awake_, see _bide_, _rise_, _wake_
* _be_ (_am_, _is_, _are_) – _was_, _were_ – _been_
* _be-_ : for _become_, _befall_, _beset_, etc. see _come_, _fall_, _set_, etc.
* _bear_ – _bore_ – _borne_ [spelt _born_ in passive and adjectival uses relating to birth]
* _beat_ – _beat_ – _beaten_
* _beget_ – _begot_ – _begot(ten)_ [Biblical past tense: _begat_]
* _begin_ – _began_ – _begun_
* _bend_ – _bent_ – _bent_
* _bet_ – _bet_ – _bet_ [past tense and participle also sometimes _betted_]
* _beware_ – [defective]
* _bid_ – _bid_ – _bid_ [as in an auction]
* _bid_ – _bade/bid_ – _bidden/bid_ [meaning "request"]
* _bide_ – _bided/bode_ – _bided/bidden_ [but _abide_ mostly uses the regular forms only]
* _bind_ – _bound_ – _bound_
* _bite_ – _bit_ – _bitten_
* _bleed_ – _bled_ – _bled_
* _blow_ – _blew_ – _blown_
* _break_ – _broke_ – _broken_
* _breed_ – _bred_ – _bred_
* _bring_ – _brought_ – _brought_
* _build_ – _built_ – _built_
* _burn_ – _burnt/burned_ – _burnt/burned_
* _burst_ – _burst_ – _burst_
* _buy_ – _bought_ – _bought_
* _can_ – _could_ [defective]
* _cast_ – _cast_ – _cast_ [prefixed forms _broadcast_, _forecast_, etc. sometimes take _-ed_]
* _catch_ – _caught_ – _caught_
* _choose_ – _chose_ – _chosen_
* _clad_ – _clad/cladded_ – _clad/cladded_ [_clad_ is also sometimes used as past form of _clothe_]
* _cleave_ – _clove/cleft_ – _cloven/cleft_ [but regular when meaning "adhere"]
* _cling_ – _clung_ – _clung_
* _come_ – _came_ – _come_
* _cost_ – _cost_ – _cost_ [but regular when meaning "calculate the cost of"]
* _creep_ – _crept/creeped_ – _crept/creeped_
* _crow_ – _crowed/crew_ – _crowed_ [_crew_ normally used only of a cock's crowing]
* _cut_ – _cut_ – _cut_
* _dare_ – regular except for possible third person singular present _dare_
* _deal_ – _dealt_ – _dealt_
* _dig_ – _dug_ – _dug_
* _dive_ – _dived/dove_ – _dived_ [the form _dove_ is chiefly American]
* _do_ (_does_ /dʌz/) – _did_ – _done_
* _drag_ – _dragged/drug_ – _dragged/drug_ [the form _drug_ is chiefly dialectal]
* _draw_ – _drew_ – _drawn_
* _dream_ – _dreamed/dreamt_ – _dreamed/dreamt_
* _drink_ – _drank_ – _drunk_
* _drive_ – _drove_ – _driven_
* _dwell_ – _dwelt/dwelled_ – _dwelt/dwelled_
* _eat_ – _ate_ – _eaten_
* _fall_ – _fell_ – _fallen_
* _feed_ – _fed_ – _fed_
* _feel_ – _felt_ – _felt_
* _fight_ – _fought_ – _fought_
* _find_ – _found_ – _found_
* _fit_ – _fit/fitted_ – _fit/fitted_
* _flee_ – _fled_ – _fled_
* _fling_ – _flung_ – _flung_
* _fly_ – _flew_ – _flown_ [the form _flied_ is common in the baseball sense]
* _for(e)-_ : for _forgo_, _foresee_, etc. see _go_, _see_, etc.
* _forbid_ – _forbade/forbid_ – _forbidden_
* _forget_ – _forgot_ – _forgotten_
* _forsake_ – _forsook_ – _forsaken_
* _freeze_ – _froze_ – _frozen_
* _get_ – _got_ – _gotten/got_ [past participle _got_ in British English, _gotten_ in American, but see _have got_]
* _gild_ – _gilded/gilt_ – _gilded/gilt_
* _give_ – _gave_ – _given_
* _go_ – _went_ – _gone_ [see also _have been_]
* _grind_ – _ground_ – _ground_
* _grow_ – _grew_ – _grown_
* _hang_ – _hung/hanged_ – _hung/hanged_ [the form _hanged_ is more common in the sense of execution by hanging]
* _have_ (_has_) – _had_ – _had_
* _hear_ – _heard_ – _heard_
* _hew_ – _hewed_ – _hewn/hewed_
* _hide_ – _hid_ – _hidden_
* _hit_ – _hit_ – _hit_
* _hoist_ – _hoist/hoisted_ – _hoist/hoisted_
* _hold_ – _held_ – _held_
* _hurt_ – _hurt_ – _hurt_
* _in-_ : for _inlay_, _input_, etc. see _lay_, _put_, etc.
* _inter-_ : for _interlay_, _interweave_, etc. see _lay_, _weave_, etc.
* _keep_ – _kept_ – _kept_
* _kneel_ – _knelt/kneeled_ – _knelt/kneeled_
* _knit_ – _knit/knitted_ – _knit/knitted_
* _know_ – _knew_ – _known_
* _lay_ – _laid_ – _laid_
* _lead_ – _led_ – _led_
* _lean_ – _leaned/leant_ – _leaned/leant_
* _leap_ – _leaped/leapt_ – _leaped/leapt_
* _learn_ – _learned/learnt_ – _learned/learnt_
* _leave_ – _left_ – _left_
* _lend_ – _lent_ – _lent_
* _let_ – _let_ – _let_
* _lie_ – _lay_ – _lain_ [but regular when meaning "tell an untruth"]
* _light_ – _lit/lighted_ – _lit/lighted_
* _lose_ – _lost_ – _lost_
* _make_ – _made_ – _made_
* _may_ – _might_ [defective]
* _mean_ – _meant_ – _meant_
* _meet_ – _met_ – _met_
* _mis-_ : for _misspeak_, _mistake_, etc. see _speak_, _take_, etc.
* _mow_ – _mowed_ – _mowed/mown_
* _must_ – [defective]
* _need_ – regular except for possible third person singular present _need_
* _off-_ : for _offset_ see _set_, etc.
* _ought_ – [defective]
* _out-_ : for _outbid_, _output_, etc. see _bid_, _put_, etc.
* _over-_ : for _overbid_, _overdo_, etc. see _bid_, _do_, etc.
* _pay_ – _paid_ – _paid_ [but sometimes spelt regularly when meaning "let out" (rope etc.)]
* _plead_ – _pleaded/pled_ – _pleaded/pled_
* _pre-_ : for _prepay_, _preset_, etc. see _pay_, _set_, etc.
* _prove_ – _proved_ – _proved/proven_
* _put_ – _put_ – _put_
* _quit_ – _quit_ – _quit_
* _re-_ : for _redo_, _remake_, etc. see _do_, _make_, etc.
* _read_ /riːd/ – _read_ /rɛd/ – _read_ /rɛd/
* _rend_ – _rent_ – _rent_
* _rid_ – _rid/ridded_ – _rid/ridded/ridden_
* _ride_ – _rode_ – _ridden_
* _ring_ – _rang_ – _rung_
* _rise_ – _rose_ – _risen_
* _run_ – _ran_ – _run_
* _saw_ – _sawed_ – _sawn/sawed_
* _say_ (_says_ /sɛz/) – _said_ – _said_
* _see_ – _saw_ – _seen_
* _seek_ – _sought_ – _sought_
* _sell_ – _sold_ – _sold_
* _send_ – _sent_ – _sent_
* _set_ – _set_ – _set_
* _sew_ – _sewed_ – _sewn/sewed_
* _shake_ – _shook_ – _shaken_
* _shall_ – _should_ [defective]
* _shear_ – _sheared/shore_ – _shorn/sheared_
* _shed_ – _shed_ – _shed_
* _shine_ – _shone/shined_ – _shone/shined_
* _shit_ – _shat/shit/shitted_ – _shat/shit/shitted_
* _shoe_ – _shoed/shod_ – _shoed/shod_
* _shoot_ – _shot_ – _shot_
* _show_ – _showed_ – _shown/showed_
* _shrink_ – _shrank/shrunk_ – _shrunk_
* _shrive_ – _shrove_ – _shriven_
* _shut_ – _shut_ – _shut_
* _sing_ – _sang_ – _sung_
* _sink_ – _sank_ – _sunk_
* _sit_ – _sat_ – _sat_
* _slay_ – _slew/slayed_ – _slain/slayed_
* _sleep_ – _slept_ – _slept_
* _slide_ – _slid_ – _slid_
* _sling_ – _slung_ – _slung_
* _slink_ – _slunk_ – _slunk_
* _slit_ – _slit_ – _slit_
* _smell_ – _smelled/smelt_ – _smelled/smelt_
* _smite_ – _smote_ – _smitten_
* _sneak_ – _sneaked/snuck_ – _sneaked/snuck_ [_snuck_ is chiefly American, is regarded as informal and is only cited from 1887]
* _sow_ – _sowed_ – _sown/sowed_
* _speak_ – _spoke_ – _spoken_
* _speed_ – _sped/speeded_ – _sped/speeded_
* _spell_ – _spelled/spelt_ – _spelled/spelt_
* _spend_ – _spent_ – _spent_
* _spill_ – _spilled/spilt_ – _spilled/spilt_
* _spin_ – _spun_ – _spun_
* _spit_ – _spat/spit_ – _spat/spit_ [the form _spit_ rather than _spat_ is common in America]
* _split_ – _split_ – _split_
* _spoil_ – _spoiled/spoilt_ – _spoiled/spoilt_
* _spread_ – _spread_ – _spread_
* _spring_ – _sprang/sprung_ – _sprung_
* _stand_ – _stood_ – _stood_
* _stave_ – _staved/stove_ – _staved/stove_
* _steal_ – _stole_ – _stolen_
* _stick_ – _stuck_ – _stuck_
* _sting_ – _stung_ – _stung_
* _stink_ – _stank_ – _stunk_
* _strew_ – _strewed_ – _strewn/strewed_
* _stride_ – _strode_ – _stridden/strode_
* _strike_ – _struck_ – _struck/stricken_
* _string_ – _strung_ – _strung_
* _strive_ – _strove/strived_ – _striven/strived_
* _swear_ – _swore_ – _sworn_
* _sweat_ – _sweated/sweat_ – _sweated/sweat_
* _sweep_ – _swept_ – _swept_
* _swell_ – _swelled_ – _swollen/swelled_
* _swim_ – _swam_ – _swum_
* _swing_ – _swung_ – _swung_
* _take_ – _took_ – _taken_
* _teach_ – _taught_ – _taught_
* _tear_ – _tore_ – _torn_
* _tell_ – _told_ – _told_
* _think_ – _thought_ – _thought_
* _throw_ – _threw_ – _thrown_
* _thrust_ – _thrust/thrusted_ – _thrust/thrusted_
* _tread_ – _trod_ – _trodden/trod_
* _un-_ : for _unbend_, _unweave_, etc. see _bend_, _weave_, etc.
* _under-_ : for _underlie_, _undergo_, _understand_, etc. see _lie_, _go_, _stand_, etc.
* _up-_ : for _upset_ see _set_, etc.
* _wake_ – _woke_ – _woken_
* _wear_ – _wore_ – _worn_
* _weave_ – _wove_ – _woven_
* _wed_ – _wed/wedded_ – _wed/wedded_
* _weep_ – _wept_ – _wept_
* _wet_ – _wet/wetted_ – _wet/wetted_
* _will_ – _would_ [defective]
* _win_ – _won_ – _won_
* _wind_ – _wound_ – _wound_ [but regular in the meanings connected with air and breath]
* _with-_ : for _withdraw_, _withhold_, _withstand_, see _draw_, _hold_, _stand_
* _wring_ – _wrang/wrung_ – _wrung_
* _write_ – _wrote_ – _written_

## 引用來源

## 外部連結

* （英文） 維基詞典：英語不規則動詞表