葉蜂科

**葉蜂科**（學名：**Tenthredinidae**）為膜翅目葉蜂總科的一個科，是葉蜂總科乃至整個廣腰亞目下最大的一科，包含約 7500 個已知的物種，佔整個廣腰亞目的大多數。本科的模式屬為葉蜂屬（_Tenthredella_）。

本科昆蟲的幼蟲貌似毛蟲，通常為植食性，以樹木和灌木的葉片為食，大量發生時可能對植株造成危害。成蟲則大多採食花蜜和花粉。雌蟲會使用其鋸狀的產卵器將植物組織切出一隙縫，並產下半透明的卵嵌入其中。

## 下級分類

本科包括以下屬：

* _Abeleses Enslin, 1911_
* _Absentia_
* _Abusarbia Malaise, 1944_
* _Acrogymnidia Malaise, 1955_
* _Adamas Malaise, 1945_
* _Adelesta Ross, 1937_
* _Adelomos Ross, 1935_
* _Adiaclema Enderlein, 1920_
* _Aethiocampa Pasteels, 1949_
* _Afusa Malaise, 1964_
* _Aglaostigma Kirby, 1882_
* _Allabia Semenov & Gussakorskii, 1937_
* _Allanempria Wei, 1998_
* _Allantus Jurine, 1807_
* _Allantus Panzer, 1801_
* _Alphastromboceros Kuznetzov-Ugamskij, 1928_
* _Alphostromboceros Kuznetzov-Ugamskibi, 1928_
* _Alpinematus Lacourt, 1996_
* _Amalachiella Saini & Deep, 1993_
* _Amauronematus Konow, 1890_
* _Ametastegia Costa, 1882_
* _Anafenusa Benson, 1959_
* _Anatoliroa Muche, 1983_
* _Andeana Malaise, 1942_
* _Aneugmenus Hartig, 1837_
* _Anheterarthrus Wei, Nie & Taeger, 2006_
* _Anisoneura Cameron, 1876_
* _Anisotaxonus Saini & Vasu, 1998_
* 落葉松葉蜂屬 _Anoplonyx_ Marlatt, 1896
* _Antholcus_ Konow, 1904
* _Apareophora_ Sato, 1928
* _Apethymorpha_ Wei Meicai, 1997
* 歐櫟葉蜂屬 _Apethymus_ Benson, 1939
* _Aphilodyctium_ Ashmead, 1898
* _Aphymatocera_ Sato, 1928
* 二點葉蜂屬 _Ardis_ Konow, 1886
* _Armenocampus Zinovjev, 2000_
* _Armitarsus Malaise, 1931_
* _Asiemphytus Malaise, 1948_
* _Asymmia Malaise, 1955_
* _Athalia Leach, 1817_
* _Athlophorus Burmeister, 1847_
* _Bacconematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Barilochia Malaise, 1955_
* _Bavonia Pesarini, 2004_
* _Beleses Cameron, 1877_
* _Belesidea Rohwer, 1916_
* _Bergiana Konow, 1899_
* _Bicrista Pasteels, 1949_
* _Bidigitus Smith, 1967_
* _Birka Malaise, 1944_
* _Birmella Malaise, 1964_
* _Blennallantus Wei, 1998_
* 蓼葉蜂屬 _Blennocampa Hartig, 1837_
* _Blennogeneris MacGillivray, 1923_
* _Bolivius Malaise, 1942_
* _Borgenia Togashi, 2009_
* _Brachycoluma Strand, 1929_
* _Brachycolus Konow, 1895_
* _Brachythops Curtis, 1839_
* _Brachythops Haliday, 1839_
* _Busarbia Cameron, 1899_
* _Busarbidea Rohwer, 1915_
* _Caiina Wei, 2004_
* _Caliroa Costa, 1859_
* _Camponiscus Newman, 1869_
* _Casipteryx Taeger, 1991_
* 蛀柄葉蜂屬 _Caulocampus Rohwer, 1912_
* _Cephaledo Zhelochovstev, 1988_
* _Ceratulus Macgillivray, 1908_
* _Cheilophleps Benson, 1938_
* _Chevinia Lacourt, 2003_
* _Cladardis Benson, 1952_
* _Cladiucha Konow, 1902_
* _Cladius Illiger, 1807_
* _Claremontia Rohwer, 1909_
* _Codistega Pasteels, 1949_
* _Colochela Malaise, 1937_
* _Conaspidia Konow, 1898_
* _Conobeleses Wei, 1997_
* _Conocoxa Rohwer, 1911_
* _Corymbas Konow, 1903_
* _Craesus Leach, 1817_
* _Craterocercus Rohwer, 1911_
* _Croesus Curtis, 1824_
* _Cytisogaster Lacourt, 1997_
* _Darjilingia Malaise, 1934_
* _Dasmithius Xiao Gangrou, 1987_
* _Davida Saini & Vasu, 1996_
* _Deda Gibson, 1980_
* _Dimorphopteryx Ashmead, 1898_
* _Dinematus Lacourt, 2006_
* 白樺葉蜂屬 _Dineura Dahlbom, 1835_
* _Dipteromorpha Kirby, 1882_
* _Diranga Saini & Vasu, 1997_
* _Dochmioglene Enderlein, 1920_
* _Dochmioglene Malaise, 1942_
* _Dolerus Jurine, 1807_
* 紅背葉蜂屬 _Dolerus Panzer, 1801_
* _Dorhettenyx Lacourt, 1996_
* 叢林葉蜂屬 _Driocampus Zhang & Zhang, 1990_
* _Dulophanes Konow, 1907_
* _Edenticornia Malaise, 1944_
* _Eitelius Kontuniemi, 1966_
* _Elinopsis Lacourt, 1986_
* _Elinora Benson, 1946_
* _Emphytopsis Wei & Nie, 1998_
* _Empria Lepeletier & Serville, 1828_
* _Emprionopsis Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994_
* _Empronus Malaise, 1935_
* _Endelomyia Ashmead, 1898_
* _Endophytus Hering, 1934_
* _Endotethryx Lacourt, 1996_
* _Eniscia Thomson, 1870_
* _Eohemichroa Zhelochovtzev & Rasnitsyn, 1973_
* _Eopsis Benson, 1959_
* _Epicenematus Lacourt, 1998_
* _Equidolerus Taeger & Blank, 1996_
* _Ericoampopsis Takeuchi, 1952_
* _Eriocampa Hartig, 1837_
* _Eriocampidea Ashmead, 1898_
* _Erythraspides Ashmead, 1898_
* _Esehabachia Togashi, 1984_
* _Eudistega Pasteels, 1949_
* _Euforsius Malaise, 1944_
* _Eupareophora Enslin, 1914_
* _Eupontania Zinovjev, 1985_
* _Eurhadinoceraea Enslin, 1920_
* _Eurogaster Zirngiebl, 1953_
* _Eustromboceros Rohwer, 1911_
* _Eusunoxa Enslin, 1911_
* _Eutomostethus Enslin, 1914_
* 柳葉蜂屬 _Euura Newman, 1837_
* _Fagineura Vikberg & Zinovjev, 2000_
* _Fallocampus Wong, 1977_
* _Fenella Westwood, 1839_
* _Fenusa Leach, 1817_
* 櫟潛葉蜂屬 _Fenusella Enslin, 1912_
* _Ferna Malaise, 1961_
* _Filacus Smith & Gibson, 1984_
* _Filixungulia Wei, 1997_
* _Flagellaria Saini, Singh, Singh & Singh, 1985_
* _Florissantinus Zhelochovtzev & Rasnitsyn, 1973_
* _Formosempria Takeuchi, 1929_
* _Greatwallus Wei, 1997_
* _Gulingia Wei, 1997_
* _Gymnonychus Marlatt, 1896_
* _Habachia Takeuchi, 1952_
* _Halidamia Benson, 1939_
* _Hanumantus Saini, Singh, Singh & Singh, 1985_
* 扁體葉蜂屬 _Harpiphorus Hartig, 1837_
* _Haymatus Smith, 1979_
* _Hemathlophorus Malaise, 1945_
* _Hemibeleses Takeuchi, 1929_
* _Hemichroa Stephens, 1835_
* _Hemitaxonus Ashmead, 1898_
* _Hemkuntus Saini & Deep, 1992_
* _Hennedyia Cameron, 1891_
* _Heptamelus Haliday, 1855_
* _Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835_
* _Himindica Sani, 1996_
* _Hinatara Benson, 1936_
* 長角葉蜂屬 _Holcocneme Konow, 1890_
* _Hoplocampa Hartig, 1837_
* _Hoplocampoides Enslin, 1914_
* _Hypolaepus Kirby, 1882_
* _Hypsathalia Benson, 1962_
* _Ilithyiana Wei, Nie & Taeger, 2006_
* _Inea Malaise, 1942_
* _Isotaxonus Saini & Vasu, 2001_
* 賈買葉蜂屬 _Jermakia Jakovlev, 1892_
* _Kaliofenusa Viereck, 1910_
* _Kerita Ross, 1937_
* _Kihadaia Togashi, 1995_
* _Kontuniemiana Lacourt, 1998_
* _Lagidina Malaise, 1945_
* _Lagium Konow, 1904_
* _Lagonis Ross, 1937_
* _Larinematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Leptocampus Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994_
* _Leseha Smith, 2019_
* _Leucopelmonus Viereck, 1916_
* _Lindqvistia Lacourt, 1998_
* _Loderus Konow, 1890_
* _Lonnea Lacourt, 2003_
* _Loopica Saini & Vasu, 1998_
* _Ludophanes Pasteels, 1949_
* _Lycaota Konow, 1903_
* _Lycaotella Ross, 1932_
* _Lygaeonematus Konow, 1890_
* _Lygaeophora Lindqvist, 1952_
* _Lygaeophora Liston, 1993_
* 花葉蜂屬 _Macremphytus Macgillivray, 1908_
* _Macrophya Dahlbom, 1835_
* _Macrophyopsis Enslin, 1913_
* _Maculedo Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Maghrebiella Lacourt, 1989_
* _Malachiella Malaise, 1934_
* _Malkiatus Smith, 2006_
* _Manis Saini & Deep, 1991_
* _Masaakia Takeuchi, 1950_
* _Megabeleses Takeuchi, 1952_
* _Megadineura Malaise, 1931_
* _Megatomostethus Takeuchi, 1933_
* _Melastola Wong, 1968_
* _Meliniola Malaise, 1935_
* 樟葉蜂屬 _Mesoneura Hartig, 1837_
* _Metallopeus Malaise, 1934_
* 楊梅潛葉蜂屬 _Metallus Forbes, 1885_
* _Metapedias Enderlein, 1920_
* 皺葉蜂屬 _Micronematus Konow, 1890_
* _Monardis Benson, 1952_
* _Monardis Enslin, 1914_
* _Monardis Hartig, 1837_
* _Monardoides Wei Meicai & Wu Weiwen, 1998_
* _Mongolempria Ermolenko, 1968_
* _Monocellicampa Wei, 1998_
* _Monophadnoides Ashmead, 1898_
* _Monophadnus Hartig, 1837_
* _Monosoma MacGillivray, 1908_
* _Monostegia Costa, 1859_
* _Monsoma MacGillivray, 1908_
* _Moricella Rohwer, 1916_
* _Mucheana Koch, 1998_
* _Murciana Lacourt, 1988_
* _Neacidiophora Enslin, 1911_
* _Nefusa Ross, 1951_
* 榿木葉蜂屬 _Nematinus Rohwer, 1911_
* _Nematus Jurine, 1807_
* _Nematus Panzer, 1801_
* _Neoanapeptamena Strand, 1911_
* _Neocolochelyna Malaise, 1937_
* _Neocorymbas Saini, Singh, Singh & Singh, 1985_
* _Neodineura Taeger, 1989_
* _Neodolerus Goulet, 1986_
* _Neomessa Koch, 1990_
* _Neopareophora Macgillivray, 1908_
* _Neostromboceros Rohwer, 1912_
* _Neotaxonus Saini & Vasu, 1996_
* _Neothrinax Enslin, 1912_
* _Nepionema Benson, 1960_
* _Nervobeleses Wei, Nie & Taeger, 2006_
* _Nescianeura Lacourt, 2006_
* _Nesoselandria Rohwer, 1910_
* _Nesoselandriola Wei Meicai & Nie Haiyan, 1998_
* _Nesotaxonus Rohwer, 1910_
* _Nesotomostethus Rohwer, 1910_
* _Nipponostethus Togashi, 1997_
* _Nortonella Rohwer, 1908_
* _Notodontidea Wei Meicai, 1996_
* _Notofenusa Benson, 1959_
* _Ocla Malaise, 1957_
* _Oculocornia Wei, 1997_
* _Okutanius Smith, 1981_
* _Oligonematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Olivacedo Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Oncodolerus Goulet, 1986_
* _Pachydistega Pasteels, 1949_
* _Pachynematus Konow, 1890_
* _Pachyprotasis Hartig, 1837_
* _Palaeathalia Zhang, 1985_
* _Palaeotaxonus Brues, 1908_
* _Parabates Macgillivray, 1909_
* _Paracharactus MacGillivray, 1908_
* _Paralinomorpha Koch, 1988_
* _Paramasaakia Ermolenko, 1971_
* _Paranematus Zinovev, 1978_
* _Paranetroceros Koch, 1998_
* _Parastromboceros Takeuchi, 1941_
* _Paratenthredo Taeger, 1991_
* _Pareophora Konow, 1886_
* _Parna Benson, 1936_
* _Periclista Konow, 1886_
* _Perineura Hartig, 1837_
* _Phrontosoma Macgillivray, 1908_
* _Phthonocampus Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994_
* _Phyllocalpa_
* _Phyllocolpa Benson, 1960_
* 長鬚葉蜂屬 _Phymatocera Dahlbom, 1835_
* _Phymatoceridea Rohwer, 1916_
* _Phymatoceriola Sato, 1928_
* _Phymatoceropsis Rohwer, 1916_
* _Pikonema Ross, 1937_
* _Platycampus Schiødte, 1839_
* _Plaumanniana Malaise, 1942_
* _Polynematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Pontania Costa, 1852_
* _Pontopristia Malaise, 1921_
* _Poodolerus Zhelochovtsev, 1988_
* _Prionourgus Goulet, 1986_
* _Priophorus Brullé, 1846_
* _Priophorus Dahlbom, 1835_
* _Pristicampus Zinovjev, 1993_
* _Pristiphora Latreille, 1810_
* _Pristiphora Smith, 2011_
* _Pristola Ross, 1945_
* 樺潛葉蜂屬 _Profenusa MacGillivray, 1914_
* _Prolatus Smith, 1967_
* 並胸葉蜂屬 _Propodea Malaise, 1945_
* _Proselandria Rohwer, 1912_
* _Protenthredo Pongrácz, 1928_
* _Pseudodineura Konow, 1885_
* _Pseudohemitaxonus Conde, 1932_
* _Pseudomacrophya Enslin, 1913_
* _Pseudoneacidiophora Koch, 1998_
* _Pseudosiobla Ashmead, 1898_
* _Pseudostromboceros Takeuchi, 1941_
* _Rena Wei, 1997_
* 鳶葉蜂屬 _Rhadinoceraea Konow, 1886_
* _Rhogogaster Konow, 1884_
* _Rhopographus Konow, 1899_
* _Ridgea Saini & Saini, 1996_
* _Rocalia Takeuchi, 1952_
* _Rohweria Malaise, 1935_
* _Romaniola Forsius, 1925_
* _Sainia Wei, 1997_
* _Sainiella Lacourt, 1996_
* _Saltia Malaise, 1955_
* _Sambia Vilhelmsen & Engel, 2012_
* _Sciapteryx Stephens, 1835_
* _Scolioneura Konow, 1890_
* _Selandria Leach, 1817_
* _Selandriopsis_
* _Seljukia Benson, 1966_
* _Senoclidea Rohwer, 1912_
* _Setabara Ross, 1951_
* _Sharliphora Wong, 1969_
* _Shenia Wei & Nie, 2005_
* _Silliana Malaise, 1949_
* _Sinofenusa Wei, 1997_
* _Siobla Cammeron, 1877_
* _Somanica Smith, 1979_
* _Songyuna Wei Meicai & Nie Haiyan, 1998_
* 直角葉蜂屬 _Stauronematus_ Benson, 1953
* _Stethomostus_ Benson, 1939
* _Stromboceridea_ Forsius, 1929
* _Stromboceridea_ Rohwer, 1911
* _Stromboceridia_ Rohwer, 1911
* _Stromboceros_ Konow, 1885
* _Strongylogaster_ Dahlbom, 1835
* _Subsymmia_ Malaise, 1955
* 柏葉蜂屬 _Susana_ Rohwer & Middleton, 1932
* _Taeniurites_ Cockerell, 1917
* _Tala_ Malaise, 1935
* _Taxoblenus_ Wei & Nie, 1999
* _Taxonus_ Hartig, 1837
* _Temuledo_ Zhelochovtsev, 1988
* 葉蜂屬 _Tenthredella_ Rohwer, 1910
* _Tenthredinites_ Meunier, 1915
* _Tenthredo_ Linnaeus, 1758
* _Tenthredoides_ Cresson, 1865
* _Tenthredoides_ Zhang, 1989
* _Tenthredopsis_ Costa, 1859
* _Tenuiperreyia_ Malaise, 1955
* _Tethida_ Ross, 1937
* _Thecatiphyta_ Wei, 2009
* _Thrinax_ Konow, 1885
* _Tianmuthredo_ Wei, 1997
* _Tioloma_ Strand, 1911
* _Togashia_ Wei Meicai, 1997
* _Tomostethus_ Konow, 1886
* _Triallan_ Smith, 2014
* 毛葉蜂屬 _Trichiocampus Hartig, 1837_
* _Tripidobeleses_ Wei, 1997
* _Tritobrachia_ Enderlein, 1920
* _Tubpontania_ Vikberg, 2010
* _Tumura_ Pasteels, 1949
* _Tyloceridius_ Malaise, 1945
* _Ucona_ Smith, 1974
* _Ulotomostethus_ Forsius, 1935
* _Ungulirhadina_ Wei Meicai, 1997
* _Urocerca_ Pasteels, 1949
* _Ussurinus_ Malaise, 1931
* _Veratra_ Smith, 1969
* _Waldheimia_ Brullé, 1846
* _Weyrauchia_ Malaise, 1955
* _Xenapates_ Kirby, 1882
* _Yuccacia_ Wei Meicai & Nie Haiyan, 1998
* _Zaphymatocera_ Sato, 1928
* _Zaschizonyx_ Ashmead, 1898
* _Zhengina_ Wei, 1997
* _Zonuledo_ Zhelochovtsev, 1988

## 參考文獻