董思高

**真福若望・董思高**（英語：Blessed John Duns Scotus，約 1265 年 —1308 年），史稱**鄧斯・司各脫**（也譯作司各特），蘇格蘭中世紀時期的經院哲學家、神學家、唯實論者。他提出了物質具有思維能力的推測，其論據是天主是萬能的，故而可以讓物質具備思維的能力。著有《巴黎論著》、《牛津論著》、《問題論叢》等。

中文版思高聖經的翻譯機構「思高聖經學會」，奉他為主保聖人。

## 參考文獻

## 擴展閱讀

* Bos, Egbert P. John Duns Scotus: Renewal of Philosophy. Acts of the Third Symposium organized by the Dutch Society for Medieval Philosophy Medium Aevum. Amsterdam: Rodopi. 1998 [2014-08-07]. ISBN978-90-420-0081-0. （原始內容存檔於 2020-08-01）.
* Richard Cross (ed.), _The Opera Theologica of John Duns Scotus. Proceedings of 「The Quadruple Congress」 on John Duns Scotus_, Part 2. Archa Verbi. Subsidia 4, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2012, ISBN ISBN 978-3-402-10214-5.
* Frank, William A.; Wolter, Allan B. Duns Scotus, Metaphysician. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press. 1995 [2014-08-07]. ISBN978-1-55753-072-1. （原始內容存檔於 2020-08-01）.
* Gracia, Jorge J. E.; Noone, Timothy B. A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Blackwell Pub. 2003. ISBN 978-0-631-21672-8.
* Grenz, Stanley. The Named God And The Question Of Being: A Trinitarian Theo-ontology. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press. 2005 [2014-08-07]. ISBN978-0-664-22204-8. （原始內容存檔於 2020-08-01）.
* Honderich, Ted. Duns Scotus. The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1995. ISBN 978-0-19-866132-0.
* Ludger Honnefelder, Hannes Möhle, Andreas Speer, Theo Kobusch, Susana Bullido del Barrio (eds.), _Johannes Duns Scotus 1308-2008: Die philosophischen Perspektiven seines Werkes/Investigations into his Philosophy. Proceedings of "The Quadruple Congress" on John Duns Scotus_, Part 3. Archa Verbi. Subsidia 5, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2011,ISBN 978-3-402-10215-2.
* Mary Beth Ingham, CSJ, and Oleg Bychkof (eds.), _John Duns Scotus, Philosopher. Proceedings of 「The Quadruple Congress」 on John Duns Scotus_, Part 1. Archa Verbi. Subsidia 3, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2010, ISBN 978-3-402-10213-8.
* Mary Beth Ingham, CSJ, _Scotus for Dunces: An Introduction to the Subtle Doctor_, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2003.
* Mary Beth Ingham, CSJ, _The Harmony of Goodness: Mutuality and Moral Living According to John Duns Scotus_, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1997.
* Kretzmann, Norman; Kenny, Anthony; Pinborg, Jan; Stump, Eleonore. The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1982 [2014-08-07]. ISBN978-0-521-36933-6. （原始內容存檔於 2020-08-01）.
* Thomas Shannon, _The Ethical Theory of John Duns Scotus_, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1995.
* Vos, Antonie. The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7486-2462-1.
* Williams, Thomas. The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2002 [2014-08-07]. ISBN978-0-521-63563-9. （原始內容存檔於 2020-08-01）.
* Allan B. Wolter, OFM and Blane O'Neil, OFM, _John Duns Scotus: Mary's Architect_, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1993.

## 外部連結

* Site of the International Scotistic Commission (Rome, Italy) （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: _John Duns Scotus_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: _John Dun Scotus_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Catholic Encyclopedia article on John Duns Scotus （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Site about Duns Scotus of the Research Group John Duns Scotus (Utrecht, NL) （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Thomas Williams' pages on Scotus
* The Realist Ontology of John Duns Scotus （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） with an annotated bibliography
* Article by Parthenius Minges on Scotists and Scotism at the Jacques Maritain Center
* Local history site of Blessed John Duns Scotus' birthplace, Duns, Berwickshire, Scotland
* Online Galleries, History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） High resolution images of works by Duns Scotus in .jpg and .tiff format.
* **Duns Scotus** （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） at IMDB, 90-minute feature film by TVCO (2011), starring Adriano Braidotti and directed by Fernando Muraca
* Rome Reports （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, 2 minute video clip, behind the scenes during filming