花蟹蛛屬

**花蟹蛛屬**（學名：_Xysticus_）是蟹蛛科中的一個屬。花蟹蛛屬與革蟹蛛屬（_Coriarachne_）的蜘蛛均為棕至紅棕色，在樹及野草上常見。雖然與狩蛛屬（_Diaea_）相似，但牠們一般有較短而強壯的腳及帶有花紋的腹部。行動緩慢，喜在流通量大的高空捕捉任何經過的節肢動物。

## 名字

拉丁文學名來自古希臘語 _xyst_，指刮擦者。

## 分布

花蟹蛛屬幾乎分布在世界各地，除了南美洲。總計約有 360 種被描述，歐洲約有 71 種。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Thomisus oeningensis_ (Heer, 1864)
* _Xysticus abditus Logunov, 2006_
* _Xysticus absconditus_ (Menge, 1876)
* _Xysticus acerbus Thorell, 1872_
* _Xysticus acquiescens Emerton, 1919_
* _Xysticus advectus O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1890_
* _Xysticus aequalis Franganillo, 1926_
* _Xysticus aethiopicus L.Koch, 1875_
* _Xysticus albertensis Dondale, 2008_
* 白紋花蟹蛛 _Xysticus albolimbatus Hu, 2001_
* _Xysticus alboniger Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965_
* 阿勒泰花蟹蛛 _Xysticus aletaiensis Hu & Wu, 1989_
* _Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882_
* 高山花蟹蛛 _Xysticus alpinistus Ono, 1978_
* _Xysticus alpinus Kulczyński, 1887_
* 高寒花蟹蛛 _Xysticus alsus Song & Wang, 1994_
* _Xysticus altaicus Simon, 1895_
* _Xysticus altitudinis Levy, 1976_
* _Xysticus ampullatus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965_
* _Xysticus anatolicus Demir, Aktas & Topçu, 2008_
* _Xysticus annulipes Bertkau, 1878_
* _Xysticus apachecus Gertsch, 1933_
* _Xysticus apalacheus Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus apertus Banks, 1898_
* _Xysticus apricus L.Koch, 1876_
* _Xysticus aprilinus Bryant, 1930_
* _Xysticus archaeopalpus Leech & Matthews, 1971_
* _Xysticus arenarius Thorell, 1875_
* _Xysticus arenicola Simon, 1875_
* _Xysticus argenteus Jézéquel, 1966_
* _Xysticus asper_ (Lucas, 1838)
* _Xysticus atevs Ovtsharenko, 1979_
* 斑孔花蟹蛛 _Xysticus atrimaculatus Bösenberg & Strand, 1906_
* _Xysticus auctificus Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus audax_ (Schrank, 1803)
* 類莽花蟹蛛 _Xysticus audaxoides Zhang, Zhang & Song, 2004_
* 南西伯利亞花蟹蛛 _Xysticus austrosibiricus Logunov & Marusik, 1998_
* _Xysticus autumnalis L.Koch, 1875_
* _Xysticus aztecus Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus bacurianensis Mcheidze, 1971_
* _Xysticus bakanas Marusik & Logunov, 1990_
* 巴爾花蟹蛛 _Xysticus baltistanus_ Caporiacco, 1935
* _Xysticus banksi Bryant, 1933_
* _Xysticus barbatus Caporiacco, 1936_
* _Xysticus benefactor Keyserling, 1880_
* 孟加拉花蟹蛛 _Xysticus bengalensis Tikader & Biswas, 1974_
* _Xysticus bengdakus Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2007_
* _Xysticus beni Strand, 1913_
* 布氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus berlandi Schenkel, 1963_
* 伯曼氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus bermani Marusik, 1994_
* _Xysticus bharatae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999_
* _Xysticus bicolor L.Koch, 1867_
* _Xysticus bicuspis Keyserling, 1887_
* 雙簇花蟹蛛 _Xysticus bifasciatus C.L.Koch, 1837_
* _Xysticus bimaculatus L.Koch, 1867_
* _Xysticus bliteus_ (Simon, 1875)
* _Xysticus boesenbergi Charitonov, 1928_
* 博氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus bohdanowiczi Zhang, Zhu & Song, 2004_
* _Xysticus bolivari Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus bradti Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus breviceps O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1885_
* _Xysticus brevidentatus Wunderlich, 1995_
* _Xysticus britcheri Gertsch, 1934_
* _Xysticus brunneitibiis Caporiacco, 1939_
* _Xysticus californicus_ Keyserling, 1880
* 加拿大花蟹蛛 _Xysticus canadensis_ Gertsch, 1934
* _Xysticus caspicus_ Utochkin, 1968
* _Xysticus caucasius_ L.Koch, 1878
* _Xysticus chaparralis_ Schick, 1965
* _Xysticus charitonowi_ Mcheidze, 1971
* _Xysticus chippewa_ Gertsch, 1953
* 朱氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus chui_ Ono, 1992
* _Xysticus clercki_ (Audouin, 1826)
* _Xysticus cochise Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus coloradensis Bryant, 1930_
* _Xysticus concinnus Kroneberg, 1875_
* 合生花蟹蛛 _Xysticus concretus Utochkin, 1968_
* _Xysticus concursus Gertsch, 1934_
* 膨花蟹蛛 _Xysticus conflatus Song, Tang & Zhu, 1995_
* 合花蟹蛛 _Xysticus connectens Kulczyński, 1901_
* _Xysticus cor Canestrini, 1873_
* _Xysticus corsicus Simon, 1875_
* _Xysticus courti_
* 篩花蟹蛛 _Xysticus cribratus_ Simon, 1885
* 卷片花蟹蛛 _Xysticus crispabilis Song & Gao, 1996_
* 冠花蟹蛛 _Xysticus cristatus_ (Clerck, 1757)
* 波紋花蟹蛛 _Xysticus croceus Fox, 1937_
* _Xysticus cunctator Thorell, 1877_
* _Xysticus curtus Banks, 1898_
* 大理花蟹蛛 _Xysticus dali Li & Yang, 2008_
* 大衛花蟹蛛 _Xysticus davidi Schenkel, 1963_
* 丹氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus denisi Schenkel, 1963_
* _Xysticus desidiosus Simon, 1875_
* _Xysticus discursans Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus diversus_ (Blackwall, 1870)
* 多爾波花蟹蛛 _Xysticus dolpoensis_ Ono, 1978
* _Xysticus doriai_ (Dalmas, 1922)
* 准葛爾花蟹蛛 _Xysticus dzhungaricus_ Tyschchenko, 1965，壯噶爾花蟹蛛
* _Xysticus edax_ (O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
* _Xysticus elegans Keyserling, 1880_
* 象形花蟹蛛 _Xysticus elephantus Ono, 1978_
* _Xysticus ellipticus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965_
* 埃氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus emertoni Keyserling, 1880_
* 鞍形花蟹蛛 _Xysticus ephippiatus Simon, 1880_
* _Xysticus erraticus_ (Blackwall, 1834)
* 凹花蟹蛛 _Xysticus excavatus_ Schenkel, 1963
* _Xysticus facetus O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1896_
* 法氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus fagei Lessert, 1919_
* _Xysticus federalis Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus ferox_ (Hentz, 1847)
* 鏽色花蟹蛛 _Xysticus ferrugineus Menge, 1876_
* _Xysticus ferruginoides Schenkel, 1963_
* _Xysticus fervidus Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus flavitarsis Simon, 1877_
* _Xysticus flavovittatus Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus floridanus Banks, 1896_
* _Xysticus fraternus Banks, 1895_
* _Xysticus funestus Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus furtivus Gertsch, 1936_
* _Xysticus gallicus Simon, 1875_
* _Xysticus gattefossei Denis, 1956_
* _Xysticus geometres L.Koch, 1874_
* _Xysticus gertschi Schick, 1965_
* _Xysticus ghigii Caporiacco, 1938_
* 溝畢花蟹蛛 _Xysticus gobiensis_ Marusik & Logunov,2002
* _Xysticus gortanii Caporiacco, 1922_
* _Xysticus gosiutus Gertsch, 1933_
* _Xysticus gracilis Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus grallator Simon, 1932_
* 廣西花蟹蛛 _Xysticus guangxicus_ Song et Zhu,1995
* 貴州花蟹蛛 _Xysticus guizhou Song & Zhu, 1997_
* _Xysticus gulosus Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus havilandi Lawrence, 1942_
* 赫氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus hedini Schenkel, 1936_
* _Xysticus helophilus Simon, 1890_
* _Xysticus hepaticus Simon, 1903_
* 喜馬拉雅花蟹蛛 _Xysticus himalayaensis Tikader & Biswas, 1974_
* 印度斯坦花蟹蛛 _Xysticus hindusthanicus Basu, 1965_
* 華南花蟹蛛 _Xysticus hotingchiehi_ Schenkel,1963
* 胡氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus hui Platnick, 1993_
* _Xysticus humilis Redner & Dondale, 1965_
* _Xysticus ibex Simon, 1875_
* _Xysticus ictericus L.Koch, 1874_
* 祀花蟹蛛 _Xysticus idolothytus Logunov, 1995_
* _Xysticus illaudatus Logunov, 1995_
* _Xysticus imitarius Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus indiligens_ (Walckenaer, 1837)
* 島民花蟹蛛 _Xysticus insulicola Bösenberg & Strand, 1906_
* _Xysticus iviei Schick, 1965_
* _Xysticus jabalpurensis Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999_
* _Xysticus jaharai Basu, 1979_
* _Xysticus japenus Roewer, 1938_
* _Xysticus jayantius Tikader_
* 蔣氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus jiangi Peng, Yin & Kim, 2000_
* 金林花蟹蛛 _Xysticus jinlin Song & Zhu, 1995_
* _Xysticus joyantius Tikader, 1966_
* _Xysticus jugalis L.Koch, 1875_
* _Xysticus kalandadzei Mcheidze & Utochkin, 1971_
* _Xysticus kali Tikader & Biswas, 1974_
* _Xysticus kamakhyai Tikader, 1962_
* 甘肅花蟹蛛 _Xysticus kansuensis Tang, Song & Zhu, 1995_
* _Xysticus kashidi Tikader, 1963_
* _Xysticus kaznakovi Utochkin, 1968_
* _Xysticus kempeleni Thorell, 1872_
* _Xysticus khasiensis Tikader, 1980_
* _Xysticus kochi Thorell, 1872_
* _Xysticus kulczynskii Werjbitzky, 1902_
* 千島花蟹蛛 _Xysticus kurilensis Strand, 1907_
* _Xysticus kuzgi Marusik & Logunov, 1990_
* _Xysticus laetus Thorell, 1875_
* _Xysticus lanio C.L.Koch, 1835_
* _Xysticus lapidarius Utochkin, 1968_
* _Xysticus lassanus Chamberlin, 1925_
* _Xysticus latitabundus Logunov, 1995_
* _Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897_
* 萊普花蟹蛛 _Xysticus lepnevae Utochkin, 1968_
* 勒塞花蟹蛛 _Xysticus lesserti Schenkel, 1963_
* 細紋花蟹蛛 _Xysticus lineatus_ (Westring, 1851)
* _Xysticus locuples Keyserling, 1880_
* _Xysticus logunovi Ono & Martens, 2005_
* _Xysticus logunovi Seyfulina & Mikhailov, 2004_
* _Xysticus lucifugus Lawrence, 1937_
* _Xysticus luctans_ (C.L.Koch, 1845)
* _Xysticus luctator L.Koch, 1870_
* _Xysticus luctuosus_ (Blackwall, 1836)
* _Xysticus lutzi Gertsch, 1935_
* _Xysticus macedonicus Šilhavý, 1944_
* _Xysticus maculatipes Roewer, 1962_
* 黑斑花蟹蛛 _Xysticus maculiger Roewer, 1951_
* 瑪納斯花蟹蛛 _Xysticus manas Song & Zhu, 1995_
* 馬氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus mandili_ Tikader,1966
* _Xysticus marmoratus Thorell, 1875_
* _Xysticus martensi Ono, 1978_
* _Xysticus marusiki Ono & Martens, 2005_
* _Xysticus metinaktasi Demir, Seyyar & Türker, 2017_
* 蒙古花蟹蛛 _Xysticus mongolicus Schenkel, 1963_
* _Xysticus montanensis Keyserling, 1887_
* _Xysticus mugur Marusik, 1990_
* _Xysticus mulleri Lawrence, 1952_
* _Xysticus multiaculeatus Caporiacco, 1940_
* 牧都路花蟹蛛 _Xysticus mundulus_ O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1885，潔花蟹蛛
* _Xysticus namaquensis Simon, 1910_
* _Xysticus natalensis Lawrence, 1938_
* _Xysticus nataliae Utochkin, 1968_
* _Xysticus nigriceps Berland, 1922_
* _Xysticus nigromaculatus Keyserling, 1884_
* _Xysticus nigropunctatus L.Koch, 1867_
* _Xysticus nigrotrivittatus_ (Simon, 1870)
* 藏西花蟹蛛 _Xysticus nitidus_ Hu, 2001，滇西花蟹蛛
* _Xysticus nubilus Simon, 1875_
* 林芝花蟹蛛 _Xysticus nyingchiensis Song & Zhu, 1995_
* _Xysticus obscurus Collett, 1877_
* _Xysticus ocala Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus orizaba Banks, 1898_
* _Xysticus ovatus Simon, 1876_
* _Xysticus paiutus Gertsch, 1933_
* _Xysticus palawanicus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995_
* _Xysticus palpimirabilis Marusik & Chevrizov, 1990_
* _Xysticus parallelus Simon, 1873_
* 擬斑花蟹蛛 _Xysticus parapunctatus Song & Zhu, 1995_
* _Xysticus pearcei Schick, 1965_
* _Xysticus peccans O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1876_
* _Xysticus pellax O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1894_
* 盾形花蟹蛛 _Xysticus peltiformus Zhang, Zhu & Song, 2004_
* _Xysticus peninsulanus Gertsch, 1934_
* _Xysticus periscelis Simon, 1908_
* _Xysticus pieperi Ono & Martens, 2005_
* _Xysticus pigrides Mello-Leitão, 1929_
* 平山花蟹蛛 _Xysticus pingshan Zhang, Zhu & Song, 2004_
* _Xysticus posti Sauer, 1968_
* _Xysticus pretiosus Gertsch, 1934_
* _Xysticus promiscuus O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1876_
* 偽絲花蟹蛛 _Xysticus pseudobliteus_ (Simon, 1880)，三斑花蟹蛛
* 偽冠花蟹蛛 _Xysticus pseudocristatus_ Azarkina & Logunov, 2001，擬冠花蟹蛛
* _Xysticus pseudolanio Wunderlich, 1995_
* 三斑花蟹蛛 _Xysticus pseudoblitea_ Simon, 1880
* _Xysticus pseudoluctuosus_ Marusik & Logunov, 1995
* _Xysticus pulcherrimus_ Keyserling, 1880
* _Xysticus punctatus_ Keyserling, 1880
* _Xysticus pygmaeus_ Tyschchenko, 1965
* _Xysticus pynurus_ Tikader, 1968
* 方花蟹蛛 _Xysticus quadratus_ Tang & Song, 1988
* _Xysticus quadrispinus_ Caporiacco, 1933
* _Xysticus quagga_ Jocqué, 1977
* _Xysticus rainbowi_ Strand, 1901
* _Xysticus robinsoni_ Gertsch, 1953
* _Xysticus rockefelleri_ Gertsch, 1953
* 勞氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus roonwali_ Tikader, 1964
* _Xysticus rostratus Ono, 1988_
* _Xysticus ryukyuensis Ono, 2002_
* 嵯峨花蟹蛛 _Xysticus saganus Bösenberg & Strand, 1906_
* _Xysticus sagittifer Lawrence, 1927_
* _Xysticus sansan Levy, 2007_
* _Xysticus schoutedeni Lessert, 1943_
* _Xysticus semicarinatus Simon, 1932_
* 沙勒花蟹蛛 _Xysticus sharlaa Marusik & Logunov, 2002_
* _Xysticus shillongensis Tikader, 1962_
* _Xysticus shyamrupus Tikader, 1966_
* _Xysticus siciliensis Wunderlich, 1995_
* 劍花蟹蛛 _Xysticus sicus Fox, 1937_
* 錫金花蟹蛛 _Xysticus sikkimus Tikader, 1970_
* _Xysticus silvestrii Simon, 1905_
* _Xysticus simonstownensis Strand, 1909_
* 簡觸花蟹蛛 _Xysticus simplicipalpatus_ Ono, 1978
* 斯氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus sjöstedti_ Schenkel, 1936，舍氏花蟹蛛
* _Xysticus slovacus Svaton, Pekár & Prídavka, 2000_
* 蘇氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus soderbomi_ Schenkel, 1936
* 蘇達花蟹蛛 _Xysticus soldatovi_ Utochkin, 1968
* _Xysticus spasskyi Utochkin, 1968_
* _Xysticus sphericus_ (Walckenaer, 1837)
* _Xysticus spiethi Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus squalidus Simon, 1883_
* _Xysticus strandi Kolosváry, 1934_
* 條紋花蟹蛛 _Xysticus striatipes_ L. Koch, 1870
* _Xysticus subjugalis Strand, 1906_
* _Xysticus tampa Gertsch, 1953_
* _Xysticus tarcos L.Koch, 1875_
* _Xysticus taukumkurt Marusik & Logunov, 1990_
* _Xysticus tenuiapicalis Demir, 2012_
* _Xysticus texanus Banks, 1904_
* _Xysticus thessalicoides_ Wunderlich, 1995
* _Xysticus thessalicus_ Simon, 1916
* _Xysticus tikaderi_ Bhandari & Gajbe, 2001
* _Xysticus toltecus_ Gertsch, 1953
* 類旋花蟹蛛 _Xysticus torsivoides_ Song & Zhu, 1995，似旋花蟹蛛
* 旋扭花蟹蛛 _Xysticus torsivus_ Tang & Song,1988
* _Xysticus tortuosus_ Simon, 1932
* _Xysticus transversomaculatus_ Bösenberg & Strand, 1906
* _Xysticus triguttatus_ Keyserling, 1880
* _Xysticus trizonatus_ Ono, 1988
* 藏布花蟹蛛 _Xysticus tsanghoensis_ Hu, 2001
* _Xysticus tugelanus_ Lawrence, 1942
* _Xysticus turkmenicus_ Marusik & Logunov, 1995
* _Xysticus ukrainicus_ Utochkin, 1968
* 烏氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus ulmi_ (Hahn, 1831)
* _Xysticus umbratilis_ (Blackwall, 1852)
* _Xysticus urbensis_ Lawrence, 1952
* _Xysticus urgumchak_ Marusik & Logunov, 1990
* 瓦氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus vachoni_ Schenkel, 1963
* _Xysticus variabilis_ Keyserling, 1880
* _Xysticus verecundus_ Gertsch, 1934
* _Xysticus verneaui_ Simon, 1883
* _Xysticus viduus_ Kulczyński, 1898
* _Xysticus viveki_ Gajbe, 2005
* _Xysticus wagneri_ Gertsch, 1953
* _Xysticus walesianus_ Karsch, 1878
* _Xysticus winnipegensis_ Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965
* 吳氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus wuae_ Song & Zhu, 1995
* 溫氏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus wunderlichi_ Logunov, Marusik & Trilikauskas, 2001，馮氏花蟹蛛
* _Xysticus xerodermus_ Strand, 1913
* 西寧花蟹蛛 _Xysticus xiningensis_ Hu, 2001
* 西藏花蟹蛛 _Xysticus xizangensis_ Tang & Song, 1988
* 耙形花蟹蛛 _Xysticus xysticiformis_ Caporiacco, 1935
* _Xysticus yebongensis_ Lee & Kim, 2018
* _Xysticus yogeshi_ Gajbe, 2005

## 參考資料

* Norman I. Platnick - Thomisidae （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* J. H. Redner and C. D. Dondale - A New Species of The Spider Genus Xysticus (Araneae: Thomisidae) From Arizona - PsycheVolume 72 (1965), Issue 4, Pages 291-294
* H. Demir, O. Seyyar, and M. Aktaş - A Poorly Known Species of the Spider Genus Xysticus C. L. Koch (Araneae, Thomisidae) in Turkey - Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade, 60 (4), 17P-18P, 2008

## 外部連結

 維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：花蟹蛛屬

* Pictures of _Xysticus triguttatus_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） (free for noncommercial use)
* _Xysticus_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） BugGuide
* Greennature