罗非考昔

**羅非昔布**或**羅非考昔**（英語：**Rofecoxib**，/ˌrɒf**[不支援的輸入]**ˈkɒksɪb/）商品名 **Vioxx**、**Ceoxx** 和 **Ceeoxx**。是一種非甾體類抗炎藥（NSAID），由默克公司製造、出售。美國食品藥品監督管理局（FDA）於 1999 年 5 月 20 日批准上市，用以治療骨關節炎、急性疼痛和痛經。

由於發現到長期且高劑量用藥有增加心臟病的風險，默克公司於 2004 年 9 月 30 日起從市場撤回此藥。

## 合成

## 註腳

## 參考文獻

* FDA (2005). "Summary minutes for the February 16, 17 and 18, 2005, Joint meeting of the Arthritis Advisory Committee and the Drug Safety and Risk Management Advisory Committee." Published on the internet, March 2005. Link （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Fitzgerald GA, Coxibs and Cardiovascular Disease, _N Engl J Med_ 2004;**351**(17): 1709–1711. PMID 15470192.
* Grassley CE (15 Oct 2004). _Grassley questions Merck about communication with the FDA on Vioxx._ Press Release.
* Jüni P, Nartey L, Reichenbach S, Sterchi R, Dieppe PA, Egger M (2004). Risk of cardiovascular events and rofecoxib: cumulative meta-analysis. _Lancet_ (published online; see also Merck response below)
* Karha J and Topol EJ. The sad story of Vioxx, and what we should learn from it （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） _Cleve Clin J Med_ 2004; **71**(12):933-939. PMID 15641522
* Michaels, D. (June 2005) DOUBT Is Their Product Archive.is 的存檔，存檔日期 2006-03-21, _Scientific American,_ 292 (6).
* Merck & Co., (5 Nov 2004). _Response to Article by Juni et al. Published in The Lancet on Nov. 5._ Press Release.
* Merck & Co (30 Sep 2004) Merck Announces Voluntary Worldwide Withdrawal of VIOXX. Press release [1].
* D. M. Mukherjee, S. E. Nissen, and E. J. Topol, "Risk of Cardiovascular Events Associated with Selective COX-2 Inhibitors," Journal of the American Medical Association 186 (2001): 954–959.
* Nussmeier NA, Whelton AA, Brown MT, Langford RM, Hoeft A, Parlow JL, _et al._ Complications of the COX-2 inhibitors parecoxib and valdecoxib after cardiac surgery. _N Engl J Med_ 2005;**352**(11):1081-91. PMID 15713945
* Okie, S (2005) "Raising the safety bar--the FDA's coxib meeting." _N Engl J Med._ 2005 Mar 31;352(13):1283-5. PMID 15800221.
* Leleti Rajender Reddy, Corey EJ. Facile air oxidation of the conjugate base of rofecoxib (Vioxx), a possible contributor to chronic human toxicity _Tetrahedron Lett_ 2005, **46**: 927. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.12.055
* Swan SK _et al._, Effect of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition on Renal Function in Elderly Persons Receiving a Low-Salt Diet. Annals of Int Med 2000; 133:1–9
* Targum, SL. (1 Feb. 2001) Review of cardiovascular safety database. _FDA memorandum._ [2] （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Wolfe, MM et al., Gastrointestinal Toxicity of Nonsteroidal Anti-anflamattory Drugs, New England Journal of Medicine. 1999; 340; 1888-98.

## 外部連結

* National Public Radio 2004 Q&A on the case, following withdrawal announcement （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Court TV's full coverage of the Vioxx civil trials
* Merck website on Vioxx litigation
* FDA Public Health Advisory on Vioxx （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* David Michaels. _Doubt is Their Product_ Scientific American, June 2004, p. 96-101
* JURIST, Much Pain, Much Gain: Skeptical Ruminations on the Vioxx Litigation
* Ted Frank, American Enterprise Institute, _The Vioxx Litigation_, Part I and Part II, December 2005
* briandeer.com - Vioxx: the UK connection （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Campaign for compensation for Vioxx victims outside the US