柱盘孢属

**柱盤孢屬**（學名：_Cylindrosporium_）是柔膜菌目下的一個屬。柱盤孢屬真菌主要危害薯蕷、果樹、蔬菜、林木和花卉類植物，引起葉斑病，導致病葉早期脫落。在中國有經濟重要性的菌種有：分布於中國 13 個省區市山藥產區、引起山藥褐斑病的薯蕷柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium dioscoreae_ Miyabe & S.Ito），分布普遍，危害嚴重，發病的葉片出現穿孔和枯死；引起衛矛葉斑病的寒荒柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium frigidum_ (Sacc.) Vassiljevsky），造成早期落葉，大量減產，個別地區病葉率可達 60%–85%；單幹槭柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium platanoidis_ (Allesch.) Died.）、白丈木柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium leucosceptri_ Keissl.）、榆柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium ulmi_ (Fr.) Vassiljevsky）、栗生柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium castanicola_ Berl.）、蜜花樹柱盤孢（_Cylindrosporium nesiifolia_ Mez.）等，這些真菌會引起較嚴重的林木葉斑病或褐斑病。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* 槭柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium acaciae_ Anahosur
* _Cylindrosporium aceris_ Kuhnh.-Lord. & J.P.Barry
* _Cylindrosporium aceris-obtusati_ Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium albanicum_ (Petr.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium allii_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium amaranthi_ H.Y.Wang, Z.Y.Zhang & Ying Y.Wang
* _Cylindrosporium andropogonis_ R.Sprague & Rogerson
* _Cylindrosporium aquaticum_ (Fautrey & Roum.) Sacc., 1892
* _Cylindrosporium aquilinum_ (Pass.) J.C.Gilman & W.A.Archer
* _Cylindrosporium arbuti_ Vienn.-Bourg.
* 鳳仙花柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium arnaranthi_
* _Cylindrosporium aroniae_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium artemisiae_ Dearn. & Barthol.
* _Cylindrosporium arundinaceum_ Moesz & Smarods
* _Cylindrosporium asphodeli_ Kuhnh.-Lord. & J.P.Barry
* _Cylindrosporium associata_ Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium astrantiae_ Ibrah.
* _Cylindrosporium atragenes_ Bres.
* _Cylindrosporium balsamorrhizae_ Solheim
* _Cylindrosporium bambusae_ I.Miyake & Hara
* _Cylindrosporium basiplanum_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium baudysianum_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium berberidis_ M.T.Lucas & Sousa da Câmara
* _Cylindrosporium betulae_ Davis
* _Cylindrosporium bombycinum_ Kalani
* _Cylindrosporium brevispinum_ Dearn.
* _Cylindrosporium burkii_ W.B.Cooke & C.G.Shaw
* _Cylindrosporium californicum_ Earle
* _Cylindrosporium camelliae_ Gonz.Frag.
* _Cylindrosporium canadense_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium cannabinum_ Ibrah.
* _Cylindrosporium carpogenum_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium casaresii_ Gonz.Frag.
* _Cylindrosporium cassiae_ Chipl.
* _Cylindrosporium castaneae_ (Lév.) Krenner
* 栗生柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium castanicola_ Berl.
* _Cylindrosporium cerris_ (Kabát & Bubák) Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium chaerophylli_ Bres.
* _Cylindrosporium changbai-pini_ G.Z.Wang
* _Cylindrosporium cisti_ Gonz.Frag.
* 君子蘭柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium cliviae_
* _Cylindrosporium consociatum_ Dearn.
* _Cylindrosporium convolvuli_ Miura
* _Cylindrosporium convolvulicola_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium corni_ Solheim
* _Cylindrosporium coryli_ Ibrah. & T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium crataeginum_ Erdoğdu & Hüseyın
* _Cylindrosporium cuscutae_ Rudakov
* _Cylindrosporium cynanchi_ Ibrah. & T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium defolians_ (Harkn.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium defoliatum_ Heald & F.A.Wolf
* _Cylindrosporium dichanthii_ T.S.Ramakr. & K.Ramakr.
* _Cylindrosporium dictamni_ (Fuckel) Lebedeva
* 薯蕷柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium dioscoreae_ Miyabe & S.Ito
* 荸薺柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium eleocharidis_ Lentz
* _Cylindrosporium eminens_ Davis
* _Cylindrosporium ephedrae_ Golovin
* _Cylindrosporium epilobianum_ Sacc. & Fautrey
* _Cylindrosporium eremodauci_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium eryngii_ Ellis & Kellerm.
* _Cylindrosporium eryngiicola_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium eugeniicola_ Bat. & Peres
* _Cylindrosporium excipuliforme_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium exiguum_ Syd. & P.Syd.
* _Cylindrosporium fairmanianum_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium falcariae_ Lobik
* _Cylindrosporium ferulinum_ Tartenova
* 無花果柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium fici-caricae_
* _Cylindrosporium fraserae_ Wehm.
* _Cylindrosporium fraxinicola_ Dearn. & House
* 寒荒柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium frigidum_ (Sacc.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium fusarioides_ (Sacc.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium garbowskii_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium golenkinianthes_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium gorlenkovii_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium griseum_ Heald & F.A.Wolf
* _Cylindrosporium gypsophilae_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium gyrocarpi_ Syd. & P.Syd.
* _Cylindrosporium hansenii_ Bubák
* 冬青柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium ileicis_
* _Cylindrosporium infuscans_ Ellis & Everh.
* _Cylindrosporium insularum_ Roldan
* _Cylindrosporium interstitiale_ H.C.Greene
* _Cylindrosporium irregulare_ (Peck) Dearn.
* _Cylindrosporium jacaratia_ Viégas
* _Cylindrosporium juglandis_ F.A.Wolf
* _Cylindrosporium kaki_ Syd. & P.Syd.
* _Cylindrosporium komarowii_ Jacz.
* _Cylindrosporium kuznetzovianum_ Pisareva
* _Cylindrosporium lathyri_ Bubák & Kabát
* _Cylindrosporium latifolium_ Magnus
* 白丈木柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium leucosceptri_ Keissl.
* _Cylindrosporium libanotidis_ Schwarzman & Vasyag.
* _Cylindrosporium lippiae_ Heald & F.A.Wolf
* 斑污柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium maculans_
* _Cylindrosporium malisoricum_ Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium mappiae_ Thirum. & Naras.
* _Cylindrosporium matricariae_ Died.
* _Cylindrosporium melitense_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium mespili_ Woron.
* _Cylindrosporium montenegrinum_ Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium montenigrinum_ Petr.
* _Cylindrosporium muscaris_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium nanum_ Cooke
* _Cylindrosporium negundinis_ Ellis & Everh.
* _Cylindrosporium nepetae_ Annal.
* 蜜花樹柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium nesiifolia_ Mez.
* _Cylindrosporium nevodovskii_ Vasyag.
* _Cylindrosporium nuttallii_ (Harkn.) Dearn.
* _Cylindrosporium onobrychidis_ (P.Syd.) Died.
* _Cylindrosporium orchis_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium oreoweisiae_ Gonz.Frag.
* _Cylindrosporium orobicola_ (Sacc.) Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium ostryae_ Woron.
* _Cylindrosporium oxyriae_ Vasyag.
* 稠李柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium padi_ Karst.
* _Cylindrosporium parvum_ P.J.Anderson
* 爬山虎柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium parthenocissi_
* _Cylindrosporium pentagynae_ Ibrah.
* _Cylindrosporium petastomum_ Viégas
* 蝴蝶蘭柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium phalaenopsidis_ Sawada
* _Cylindrosporium phalaridis_ Sacc. & Dearn.
* _Cylindrosporium phillyreae_ Bernaux
* _Cylindrosporium pisi_ G.Berger
* 單幹槭柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium platanoidis_ (Allesch.) Died.
* _Cylindrosporium pollaccii_ Turconi
* _Cylindrosporium pomicola_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium populinum_ (Peck) Vassiljevsky
* 梨果柱盤孢 _Cylindros porium pomi_ Brooks
* _Cylindrosporium potebniae_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium potentillae_ Ibrah.
* _Cylindrosporium pruinosum_ (Zaprom.) Vassiljevsky
* 山櫻桃柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium pruni-tomentosae_ Miura
* _Cylindrosporium pseudoplatani_ (Roberge ex Desm.) Died.
* _Cylindrosporium quercinum_ J.C.Carter
* _Cylindrosporium ramicola_ Laubert
* _Cylindrosporium rosae_ Vasyag.
* 懸溝子柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium rubi_
* _Cylindrosporium rubianum_ Ibrah. & T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium salicifoliae_ (Trel.) Davis
* _Cylindrosporium salicinum_ (Peck) Dearn.
* _Cylindrosporium salviifolii_ Bernaux
* _Cylindrosporium saponariae_ Roum., 1885
* _Cylindrosporium saximontanense_ Solheim
* _Cylindrosporium scirpi_ Pavgi & L.Singh
* _Cylindrosporium scirpivorum_ R.Sprague
* _Cylindrosporium securidacae_ Chardón
* _Cylindrosporium septatum_ Romell
* _Cylindrosporium serebrianikowii_ (Bubák) Bubák
* _Cylindrosporium shepherdiae_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium sibiricum_ Dearn. & Bisby
* _Cylindrosporium siculum_ Briosi & Cavara
* _Cylindrosporium silenes_ Unamuno
* _Cylindrosporium silenicola_ Woron.
* _Cylindrosporium smilacinae_ Ellis & Everh.
* _Cylindrosporium smilacis_ Ellis & Everh.
* _Cylindrosporium solitarium_ Heald & F.A.Wolf
* _Cylindrosporium spigeliae_ Dearn. & House
* _Cylindrosporium spiraeae-thunbergii_ Miura ex Tak.Kobay.
* _Cylindrosporium spiraeicola_ Ellis & Everh.
* _Cylindrosporium subcuticulare_ Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium swidae_ Ibrah. & T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium tenuisporum_ Heald & F.A.Wolf
* _Cylindrosporium thalictrinum_ Woron.
* _Cylindrosporium torquens_ Sacc.
* 漆樹柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium toxicodendri_
* _Cylindrosporium transcaucasicum_ Ibrah. & T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium tremulae_ (Höhn.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium triflori_ H.C.Greene
* _Cylindrosporium tristaniae_ (Henn.) Died.
* _Cylindrosporium tulipae_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium typhae_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium uljanishchevii_ Ibrah. & T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium umbelliferarum_ Wehm.
* _Cylindrosporium utahense_ Solheim
* _Cylindrosporium vaccariae_ Annal.
* _Cylindrosporium vaccarianum_ Sacc.
* _Cylindrosporium vaccinii_ H.C.Greene
* _Cylindrosporium vagnerae_ (Petr.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium veratrinum_ Sacc. & G.Winter
* _Cylindrosporium verbenae_ T.M.Achundov
* _Cylindrosporium vermiiforme_ Davis
* _Cylindrosporium viciae_ Miura
* _Cylindrosporium viciae-urijugae_ Sawada
* _Cylindrosporium viticis_ Woron.
* 榆柱盤孢 _Cylindrosporium ulmi_ (Fr.) Vassiljevsky
* _Cylindrosporium yuccae_ Montemart.

## 參考文獻