朱頂紅屬

**朱頂紅屬**（學名：_Hippeastrum_），屬單子葉植物天門冬目石蒜科，為多年生鱗莖植物。分類上有時會與孤挺花屬（_Amaryllis_）混淆，甚至有時作為其異名使用。

葉 6-8 枚，呈寬帶型，頂生傘狀花序。每年春夏之交開花，花漏斗狀，似百合花，花色鮮艷，大多為紅色，也有粉、白等色。通常用鱗莖、種子繁殖，鱗莖大小在 5-12 釐米左右，有毒。

性較喜陰，不耐寒，原產於南美洲熱帶地區，17 世紀傳入歐洲。

## 命名

其學名取自古希臘語，意思是「騎士之星」。其中「ἱππεύς」（hippeus）的意思是騎士，「ἄστρον」（astron）的意思是星星。

## 分類

該屬下分數個亞屬，但存在爭議，現在生物分類學上通常不使用這些命名：

* _Aschamia_ (Salisb.) Baker
* _Cephaleon_ Traub
* _Lais_ (Salisb.) Baker
* _Macropodastrum_ Baker
* _Omphalissa_ (Salisb.) Baker
* _Sealyana_ Traub

該屬下有近百種植物，，此外還有 _Hippeastrum x johnsonii_ 等雜交種。

* _Hippeastrum aglaiae_ (A.Cast.) Hunz. & A.A.Cocucci
* _Hippeastrum amaru_ (Vargas) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum andreanum_ Baker
* 狹葉朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum angustifolium_ Pax
* _Hippeastrum apertispathum_ (Traub) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum arboricola_ (Ravenna) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum argentinum_ (Pax) Hunz.
* _Hippeastrum aulicum_ (Ker Gawl.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum aviflorum_ (Ravenna) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum blossfeldiae_ (Traub & J.L.Doran) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum brasilianum_ (Traub & J.L.Doran) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum breviflorum_ Herb.
* _Hippeastrum bukasovii_ (Vargas) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum caiaponicum_ (Ravenna) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum calyptratum_ (Ker Gawl.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum canastrense_ Dutilh & R.S.Oliveira
* _Hippeastrum canterae_ Arechav.
* _Hippeastrum canterai_ Arechav.
* _Hippeastrum cardenasii_ R.Vásquez & R.Lara
* _Hippeastrum caupolicanense_ (Cárdenas) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum cipoanum_ (Ravenna) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum condemaitae_ (Vargas & E.Pérez) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum correiense_ (Bury) Worsley
* _Hippeastrum curitibanum_ (Ravenna) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum cuzcoense_ (Vargas) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum cybister_ (Herb.) Benth. ex Baker
* _Hippeastrum damazianum_ Beauverd
* _Hippeastrum diniz-cruziae_ Dutilh & Semir
* _Hippeastrum divifrancisci_ (Cárdenas) R.Lara & R.Vásquez
* _Hippeastrum divijulianum_ (Cárdenas) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum doraniae_ (Traub) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum elegans_ (Spreng.) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum espiritense_ (Traub) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum evansiae_ (Traub & I.S.Nelson) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum evansii_ (Traub & I.S.Nelson) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum ferreyrae_ (Traub) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum flavum_ (Phil.) Christenh. & Byng, 2018
* _Hippeastrum flavus_ Phil.
* _Hippeastrum forgetii_ Worsley
* _Hippeastrum fragrantissimum_ (Cárdenas) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum fuscum_ Kraenzl.
* _Hippeastrum gertianum_ (Ravenna) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum glaucescens_ (Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum goianum_ (Ravenna) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum guarapuavicum_ (Ravenna) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum harrisonii_ (Lindl.) Hook.f.
* _Hippeastrum haywardii_ (Traub & Uphof) R.Lara & R.Vásquez
* _Hippeastrum hemographes_ (Ravenna) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum hugoi_ (Vargas) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum hybr_
* _Hippeastrum hybridum_ hort. ex Velenovsky
* _Hippeastrum idimae_ Dutilh & R.S.Oliveira
* _Hippeastrum iguazuanum_ (Ravenna) T.R.Dudley & M.Williams
* _Hippeastrum incachacanum_ (Cárdenas) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum intiflorum_ (Vargas) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum johnsonii_ (Gowen) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum kromeri_ (Worsley) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum lapacense_ (Cárdenas) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum lavrense_ (Ravenna) R.S.Oliveira & Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum leonardii_ (Vargas) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum leopoldii_ T.Moore
* _Hippeastrum leucobasis_ (Ravenna) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum lunaris_ Campos-Rocha & Meerow
* _Hippeastrum macbridei_ (Vargas) Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum machupijchense_ (Vargas) D.R.Hunt
* _Hippeastrum mandonii_ Baker
* _Hippeastrum maracasum_ (Traub) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum marumbiense_ (Ravenna) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum mauroi_ Campos-Rocha & Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum menesesii_ R.Vásquez & R.Lara
* _Hippeastrum minasgerais_ (Traub) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum miniatum_ (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum mollevillquense_ (Cárdenas) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum monanthum_ (Ravenna) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum morelianum_ Lem.
* _Hippeastrum nelsonii_ (Cárdenas) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum oconequense_ (Traub) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum organense_ Hook.
* 鳳蝶朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum papilio_ (Ravenna) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum paquichanum_ (Cárdenas) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum paradisiacum_ (Ravenna) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum paranaense_ (Traub) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum pardinum_ (Hook.f.) Dombrain
* _Hippeastrum pardinum_ J.J.Veitch, 1867
* _Hippeastrum pardinum_ Lem.
* _Hippeastrum parodii_ Hunz. & A.A.Cocucci
* _Hippeastrum peruvianum_ Meerow & Campos-Rocha
* _Hippeastrum petiolatum_ Pax
* _Hippeastrum pseudopardinum_ (Cárdenas) R.Vásquez & R.Lara
* _Hippeastrum psittacinum_ (Ker Gawl.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum puniceum_ (Lam.) Voss
* _Hippeastrum ramboi_ R.E.Bastian & Büneker
* _Hippeastrum regina-vittatum_ Herb.
* 短筒朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum reginae_ (L.) Herb.
* 白肋朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum reticulatum_ (L'Hér.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum robustum_ A.Dietr., 1852
* _Hippeastrum roseoalbum_ R.S.Oliveira & Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum rubropictum_ (Ravenna) Meerow
* 朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum rutilum_
* _Hippeastrum sanfranciscanum_ Dutilh & R.S.Oliveira
* _Hippeastrum santacatarina_ (Traub) Dutilh
* _Hippeastrum scopulorum_ Baker
* _Hippeastrum starkiorum_ (I.S.Nelson & Traub) Van Scheepen
* 朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum striatum_ (Lam.) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum stylosum_ Herb.
* _Hippeastrum sylvatica_ Mart.
* _Hippeastrum teyucuarense_ (Ravenna) Van Scheepen
* _Hippeastrum traubii_ (Moldenke) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum umabisanum_ (Cárdenas) Meerow
* _Hippeastrum unguiculata_ Mart.
* _Hippeastrum vanleestenii_ (Traub) H.E.Moore
* _Hippeastrum variegatum_ Gereau & Brako
* _Hippeastrum verdianum_ Büneker & R.E.Bastian
* _Hippeastrum viridiflorum_ Rusby
* 花朱頂紅 _Hippeastrum vittatum_ (L'Hér.) Herb.
* _Hippeastrum wilsoniae_ L.J.Doran & F.W.Mey.
* _Hippeastrum wilsonii_ L.J.Doran & F.W.Mey.
* _Hippeastrum yungacense_ (Cárdenas & I.S.Nelson) Meerow

**雜交種**

* _Hippeastrum ×batemannii_ Herb. Herb.
* _Hippeastrum ×benthamii_ Herb. Herb.
* _Hippeastrum ×brookesii_ Herb. Herb.
* _Hippeastrum ×gravianae_ M.Roem. M.Roem.
* _Hippeastrum ×hendersonii_
* _Hippeastrum ×hortorum_ Maatsch Maatsch
* _Hippeastrum ×splendens_ Herb. Herb.

**歸入本屬的物種：**

* _Carlotea formosissimum_ Arruda
* _Carlotea speciosa_ Arruda
* _Moldenkea lateritia_ Traub

## 參考文獻