小龍蘭屬

**小龍蘭屬**（學名：_**Dracula**_），是天門冬目蘭科植物。其下有約 118 種植物，分布於墨西哥、中美洲、哥倫比亞、厄瓜多和秘魯。其屬名「Dracula」源自拉丁文「Draco」（意為「小龍」），形容這個屬幾乎所有種類萼片先端都具有的長長的尾尖。

## 屬名由來

於 1978 年由著名的美國蘭學家「Dr. Carlyle A. Luer 卡萊爾．呂爾博士」將本屬由 Masdevallia（Masd.）三尖蘭屬分出成立新屬。屬名源於：

1. 源於希臘文「draco 龍」，因本屬有些種其花朵長有茸毛，花瓣佈滿奇異的斑點或斑紋，令人連想到龍的喉嚨，且長有唇尾，看似龍狀（flowers are reminiscent of a dragons mouth）。
2. 拉丁文 dracula 是指一種小的西洋龍，用來描寫本屬較為特殊的花。按在 Bram Stoker 在 1897 所著的名小說中把吸血鬼主角稱作 Count Dracula (卓九勒)。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Dracula adrianae_ Luer
* _Dracula agnosia_ A.Doucette
* _Dracula alcithoe_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula amaliae_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula andreettae_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula anthracina_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula antonii_ Luer
* _Dracula aphrodes_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula astuta_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula backhouseania_ Luer
* _Dracula barrowii_ Luer
* 美麗小龍蘭 _Dracula bella_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula bellerophon_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula benedicti_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula berthae_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula brangeri_ Luer
* _Dracula callithrix_ N.Peláez, Buit-Del. & Gary Mey.
* _Dracula carcinopsis_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula carlueri_ Hermans & P.J.Cribb
* _Dracula chestertonii_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula chimaera_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula chiroptera_ Luer & Malo
* _Dracula christineana_ Luer
* _Dracula circe_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula citrina_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula cochliops_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula cordobae_ Luer
* _Dracula cutis-bufonis_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula dalessandroi_ Luer
* _Dracula dalstroemii_ Luer
* _Dracula decussata_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula deltoidea_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula deniseana_ Luer
* _Dracula dens-canis_ N.Peláez
* _Dracula diabola_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula diana_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula dodsonii_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula erythrochaete_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula erythrocodon_ (Luer & Dalström) O.Gruss & M.Wolff
* _Dracula exasperata_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula fafnir_ Luer
* _Dracula felix_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula fernandezii_ Cavestro
* _Dracula fuligifera_ Luer
* _Dracula fuliginosa_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula gastrophora_ Luer & Hirtz
* _Dracula gerhardii_ Luer & Sijm
* 大花猴面蘭 _Dracula gigas_ (Luer & Andreetta) Luer
* _Dracula gorgona_ (A.H.Kent) Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula gorgonella_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula hawleyi_ Luer
* _Dracula hirsuta_ Luer & Andreetta
* _Dracula hirtzii_ Luer
* _Dracula houtteana_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula immunda_ A.Doucette
* _Dracula inaequalis_ (Rchb.f.) Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula incognita_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula inexperata_ Pupulin
* _Dracula insolita_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula iricolor_ (Rchb.f.) Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula janetiae_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula kareniae_ Luer & Dalström
* _Dracula lafleurii_ Luer & Dalström
* _Dracula lehmanniana_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula lemurella_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula leonum_ Luer
* _Dracula levii_ Luer
* _Dracula ligiae_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula lindstroemii_ Luer & Dalström
* _Dracula lotax_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula maduroi_ Luer
* _Dracula mantissa_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula marieae_ Cavestro & J.Fernandez
* _Dracula marinii_ Baquero
* _Dracula marsupialis_ Luer & Hirtz
* _Dracula mendozae_ Luer & V.N.M.Rao
* _Dracula minax_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula mopsis_ (F.Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Luer, 1978
* _Dracula mopsus_ (F.Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Luer
* _Dracula morleyi_ Luer & Dalström
* _Dracula navarroorum_ Luer & Hirtz
* _Dracula nigritella_ Luer
* _Dracula nosferatu_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula nycterina_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula octavioi_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula olmosii_ Luer & Maduro
* _Dracula ophioceps_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula orientalis_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula ortiziana_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula papillosa_ Luer & Dodson
* _Dracula pholeodytes_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula pileus_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula polyphemus_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula portillae_ Luer & Andreetta
* _Dracula posadarum_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula presbys_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula psittacina_ (Rchb.f.) Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula psyche_ (Luer & Andreetta) Luer
* _Dracula pubescens_ Luer & Dalström
* _Dracula pusilla_ (Rolfe) Luer
* _Dracula radiosa_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* 猴面蘭 _Dracula rezekiana_ Luer & R.Hawley
* _Dracula ripleyana_ Luer
* _Dracula robledorum_ (P.Ortiz) Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula roezlii_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula rojasii_ N.Peláez, Buitr.-Delg. & Gary Mey.
* _Dracula saulii_ Luer & Sijm
* _Dracula schudelii_ Luer & Hirtz
* _Dracula senex-furens_ N.Peláez, Buitr.-Delg. & Gary Mey.
* _Dracula sergioi_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula severa_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula sibundoyensis_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula sijmii_ Luer
* 猴面小龍蘭 _Dracula simia_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula smaug_ Baquero & Gary Mey.
* _Dracula sodiroi_ (Schltr.) Luer
* _Dracula soennemarkii_ Luer & Dalström
* _Dracula spectrum_ (Rchb.f.) A.Doucette
* _Dracula syndactyla_ Luer
* _Dracula terborchii_ Luer & Hirtz
* _Dracula tobarii_ Luer & Hirtz
* _Dracula trichroma_ (Schltr.) Hermans
* _Dracula trigonopetala_ Gary Mey. & Baquero ex A.Doucette
* _Dracula trigonopetala_ GaryMey. & Baquero
* _Dracula trinympharum_ Luer
* _Dracula tsubotae_ Luer
* _Dracula tubeana_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula ubangina_ Luer & Andreetta
* 吸血鬼猴面蘭 _Dracula vampira_ (Luer) Luer
* _Dracula veleziana_ Luer & V.N.M.Rao
* 短毛小龍蘭 _Dracula velutina_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula venefica_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula venosa_ (Rolfe) Luer
* _Dracula verticulosa_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula vespertilio_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula vierlingii_ Luer & Sijm
* _Dracula villegasii_ Königer
* _Dracula vinacea_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula vlad-tepes_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula wallisii_ (Rchb.f.) Luer
* _Dracula winniana_ Luer
* _Dracula woolwardiae_ (F.Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Luer
* _Dracula xenos_ Luer & R.Escobar

**歸入本屬的物種：**

* _Dracula ×anicula_ Luer & R.Escobar
* _Dracula ×pinasensis_ Zambrano & Solano
* _Dracula ×radiosyndactyla_ Luer

## 參考資料