塞缪尔·雷伯恩

**塞繆爾・雷伯恩**（英語：Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn，1882 年 1 月 6 日 —1961 年 11 月 16 日），是美國民主黨政治家，曾擔任第 43 任眾議院議長，同時他也是美國歷史上任職時間最長的眾議院議長。他從 1913 年至 1961 年去世為止一直作為德克薩斯州的民主黨代表被選為眾議院議員。他曾與林登・詹森一起拒絕簽署《南方宣言》，並協助推動了《1957 年民權法案》和《1960 年民權法案》的通過，這也是自美國重建時期以來通過的第一批民權法案。

## 參考資料

## 文獻來源

* Brown, D. Clayton. "Sam Rayburn and the Development of Public Power in the Southwest." _Southwestern Historical Quarterly_ 78.2 (1974): 140-154 online （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
* Caro, Robert A. _The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power_ (1982).
* Champagne, Anthony. "Sam Rayburn: Achieving Party Leadership." _Southwestern Historical Quarterly_ 90.4 (1987): 373-392. online （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Champagne, Anthony. and Floyd F. Ewing, "RAYBURN, SAMUEL TALIAFERRO (1882-1961)." _Handbook of Texas Online_ (2005) online version （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Champagne, Anthony. _Congressman Sam Rayburn_ (Rutgers University Press, 1984), a scholarly biography online
* Champagne, Anthony. _Sam Rayburn: A Bio-Bibliography_ (Greenwood, 1988). online
* Dorough, C. Dwight _Mr. Sam_ (1962).
* Gould, Lewis L., and Nancy Beck Young, "The Speaker and the Presidents: Sam Rayburn, the White House, and the Legislative Process, 1941–1961" in Raymond W. Smock and Susan W. Hammond, eds. _Masters of the House: Congressional Leadership Over Two Centuries_ (Routledge, 2018) pp. 181-221.
* Hardeman, D. B., and Donald C. Bacon, _Rayburn: A Biography_ (Austin: Texas Monthly Press, 1987), popular biography by an aide to Rayburn.
* Hairgrove, Kenneth Dewey. "Sam Rayburn, Congressional leader, 1940-1952" (PhD. Dissertation, Texas Tech University, 1974) online （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Liles, Maurine Walpole. _Sam and the speaker's chair: the story of Sam Rayburn, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives_ (1994) for middle schools; online
* McWhorter, William, "Together They Won: Sam T. Rayburn and the Fourth Congressional District during World War II," _East Texas Historical Journal_ 49 (Fall 2011), 82–93.
* Schwarz, Jordan A. _The New Dealers: Power politics in the age of Roosevelt_ (Vintage, 2011) pp 249–263. online
* Shanks, Alexander G. "Sam Rayburn in the Wilson Administrations, 1913-1921." _East Texas Historical Journal_ 6.1 (1968): 63-76 online （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
* Shanks, Alexander Graham. "Sam Rayburn: The Texas Politician as New Dealer." _East Texas Historical Journal_ 5.1 (1967): online （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
* Smallwood, James. "Sam Rayburn and the Rules Committee Change of 1961." _East Texas Historical Journal_ 11.1 (1973) online （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
* Steinberg, Alfred, _Sam Rayburn_ (Hawthorn, 1975) online, popular biography.

## 外部連結

* Obituary, _The New York Times_, November 16, 1961, "Rayburn Is Dead; Served 17 Years As House Speaker" （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* _The leadership of Speaker Sam Rayburn_ published 1961, hosted by the Portal to Texas History （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* * 塞繆爾・雷伯恩－美國國會國家人物傳記大辭典
* 線上版《Handbook of Texas》中的 Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn
* "Mister Speaker", _Time_, September 27, 1943
* RAYBURN: MR. SPEAKER (A feature-length documentary about Sam Rayburn's life and career) （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Sam Rayburn House Museum Website
* Address Delivered by The Honorable Sam Rayburn at the Dedication of the Marker over the Graves of His Great-Great Grandfather Col. George Waller and his wife Ann Winston Carr, Oakwood Cemetery, Martinsville, Virginia, May 6, 1951 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Associated Press, August 16, 2014 - Letter provides peek at personal Sam Rayburn （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）