埃拉泽

**埃拉澤**（土耳其語：Elâzığ，土耳其語發音：[eˈlazɯː]）是土耳其東部的一座城市，為埃拉澤省的省會。埃拉澤市總人口 323,420 (2009 年)。整個城市位於一片高原之上，海拔 1067 公尺。

今日的埃拉澤的建立，是作為原來的歷史名城哈爾普特的延伸，因為哈爾普特位於山上，在冬季時交通非常不便。

## 名稱

在古代，在今日埃拉澤附近有一座古代亞美尼亞人所建立的城堡，是為哈爾普特城堡（亞美尼亞語：Խարբերդ），意思就是「石建的城堡」。這座城堡是亞美尼亞的首批君主所建立，距離埃拉澤的市中心約五公里，鄰近阿拉臘山。

1866 年，埃拉澤建市。1937 年，該城市改用今名。

## 歷史

在幾個世紀以前，埃拉澤周邊地區便有居民定居。

## 人口

## 經濟

## 地理及氣候

埃拉澤位於一個 48 公里長的小谷地之中，當地的土耳其人稱之為 Uluova，意思就是「大山谷」；而亞美尼亞人則稱之為 Vosgetashd，意思就是「金色的平原」。

## 著名人物

* Rupen Zartarian - (d. 1915) 亞美尼亞裔作家，是 Tlgadintsi 的學生。
* Mehmet Ağar — Former leader of the DYP
* Vedat Dalokay — Turkish architect and a former mayor of Ankara
* Reha Denemeç — Co-founder of the Justice and Development Party (AKP)
* Kenan Çoban — Turkish actor, known as abdulhey in "Valley of the Wolves"
* J. Michael Hagopian - Armenian-American documentary filmmaker
* Hamastegh - (d. 1966) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi
* Dursun Karataş— Founder and leader of the Revolutionary People's Liberation Party–Front (DHKP-C)
* Stephen P. Mugar - (d. 1982) Armenian-American businessman and entrepreneur
* Shahan Natalie — (d. 1983), Armenian writer and principal organizer of Operation Nemesis
* Catholicos Nerses IV — (d. 1173), Armenian church leader, theologian and writer
* Erkan Oğur — Turkish Musician
* Necati Şaşmaz — Star of the "Valley of the Wolves" TV series and the 2006 movie "Valley of the Wolves Iraq"
* Raci Şaşmaz — Scriptwriter and producer of the "Valley of the Wolves" and other movies and TV series
* Mümtaz Sevinç — Turkish actor
* Tlgadintsi (Hovhannes Haroutiunian) - (d. 1915) Armenian writer
* Vahan Totovents - (d. 1938) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi
* Namık Kemal Yolga — Turkish Diplomat and statesman
* Aşur Yusuf - (d.1915) Syriac Orthodox journalist and teacher at the Euphrates College

## 旅遊景點

埃拉澤市的名勝如下：

* 哈爾普特城堡（Խարբերդ；Harput Kalesi）及歷史城區（Şehri）
* 凱班水庫（Keban Baraj Gölü）：包括凱班水壩（Keban Baraj）及水力發電廠。
* 哈札爾湖（Hazar Gölü）
* 哈札爾巴巴滑雪中心（Hazarbaba Kayak Merkezi）
* 埃爾祖魯姆帕拉多肯滑雪中心
* 法拉特大學 / 幼法拉底大學（Fırat Üniversitesi；University of Euphrates）
* Buzluk Mağarası (Buzluk Cave)
* Çaydaçıra Halkoyunu
* Ağın Kaplıcası
* Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography
* 清真寺及陵墓
  * **Ulu Camii**: Built by Artuklu Sultan Fahrettin Karaaslan in 1156. It is one of the oldest and important structures in Anatolia
  * **Sarahatun Camii** (also known as Sarayhatun Cami): Built by Sara Hatun, mother of Ak Koyunlu Sultan Bahadır Han (also known as Uzun Hasan), in 1465 as a small mosque. It was renovated in 1585 and 1843.
  * **Kurşunlu Camii**: Built between 1738 and 1739 in Harput during the Ottoman era.
  * Alacalı Camii
  * **Ağa Camii**：1559 年興建。
  * 阿拉普巴巴清真寺及陵墓（**Arap Baba Mescidi ve Türbesi**）：Built during the reign of Seljuks Sultan Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev III (Son of Kılıçarslan IV) in 1279. The shrine contains a mummified body which is known as **Arap Baba** among commons.
  * Fetih Ahmet Baba Türbesi (Shrine of Fetih Ahmed)
  * Mansur Baba Türbesi

## 圖庫

* * *

## 腳註

本條目出自公有領域：Chisholm, Hugh (編). 大英百科全書 (11th ed.). 劍橋大學出版社. 1911. 

## 參考資料

## 外部連結

* Municipality's official website （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Governor's official website（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Fırat University's official website
* Elâzığ Current Presentation Site （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Elâzığ Current Site
* Pictures of the city and many of nearby Harput （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）