双歧杆菌

**雙歧桿菌屬**（學名：_Bifidobacterium_）為雙歧桿菌目雙歧桿菌科的一屬革蘭氏陽性菌。此屬的模式種為兩歧雙歧桿菌 (_Bifidobacterium bifidum_)。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme_ Killer et al. 2011
* 青春雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium adolescentis_ Reuter, 1963
* _Bifidobacterium aemilianum_ Alberoni et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium aerophilum_ Michelini et al. 2017
* _Bifidobacterium aesculapii_ Modesto et al. 2014
* _Bifidobacterium angulatum_ Scardovi and Crociani 1974
* 動物雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium animalis_ (Mitsuoka 1969) Scardovi and Trovatelli 1974

  * 雙歧桿菌動物亞種 Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis
* _Bifidobacterium anseris_ Lugli et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium apri_ Pechar et al. 2017
* _Bifidobacterium aquikefiri_ Laureys et al. 2016
* _Bifidobacterium asteroides_ Scardovi and Trovatelli 1969
* _Bifidobacterium avesanii_ Michelini et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium biavatii_ Endo et al. 2012
* 兩歧雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium bifidum_ (Tissier 1900) Orla-Jensen 1924，雙岐雙岐桿菌
* _Bifidobacterium bohemicum_ Killer et al. 2011
* _Bifidobacterium bombi_ Killer et al. 2009
* _Bifidobacterium boum_ Scardovi et al. 1979
* 短雙岐桿菌 _Bifidobacterium breve_ Reuter 1963
* _Bifidobacterium callimiconis_ Duranti et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium callitrichidarum_ Modesto et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium callitrichos_ Endo et al. 2012
* 犬雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium canis_ Neuzil-Bunesova et al. 2020
* _Bifidobacterium castoris_ Duranti et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium catenulatum_ Scardovi and Crociani 1974
* _Bifidobacterium catulorum_ Modesto et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium cebidarum_ Duranti et al. 2020
* _Bifidobacterium choerinum_ Scardovi et al. 1979
* _Bifidobacterium choloepi_ Modesto et al. 2020
* _Bifidobacterium commune_ Praet et al. 2015
* _Bifidobacterium coryneforme_ (ex Scardovi and Trovatelli 1969) Biavati et al. 1982，異名
* _Bifidobacterium criceti_ Lugli et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium crudilactis_ Delcenserie et al. 2013
* _Bifidobacterium cuniculi_ Scardovi et al. 1979
* _Bifidobacterium denticolens_ Crociani et al. 1996
* 齒雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium dentium_ Scardovi and Crociani 1974
* _Bifidobacterium dolichotidis_ Duranti et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium erythrocebi_ Neuzil-Bunesova et al. 2021
* _Bifidobacterium eulemuris_ Michelini et al. 2016
* _Bifidobacterium faecale_ Choi et al. 2014
* _Bifidobacterium felsineum_ Modesto et al. 2020
* _Bifidobacterium gallicum_ Lauer 1990
* _Bifidobacterium gallinarum_ Watabe et al. 1983
* _Bifidobacterium globosum_ (ex Scardovi et al. 1969) Biavati et al. 1982
* _Bifidobacterium goeldii_ Duranti et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium hapali_ Michelini et al. 2016
* _Bifidobacterium imperatoris_ Lugli et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium indicum Scardovi_ and Trovatelli 1969
* 嬰兒雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium infantis_ Reuter 1963，異名
* _Bifidobacterium inopinatum_ Crociani et al. 1996，異名
* 義大利雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium italicum_ Lugli et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium jacchi_ Modesto et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense_ Morita et al. 2011，異名
* 乳雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium lactis_ Meile et al. 1997，更名為動物雙歧桿菌乳亞種 (_Bifidobacterium animalis_ subsp. _lactis_)
* _Bifidobacterium lemurum_ Modesto et al. 2015
* _Bifidobacterium leontopitheci_ Duranti et al. 2020
* 長雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium longum_ Reuter 1963，俗名：比菲德氏龍根菌，簡稱 龍根菌
* _Bifidobacterium magnum_ Scardovi and Zani 1974
* _Bifidobacterium margollesii_ Lugli et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium merycicum_ Biavati and Mattarelli 1991
* 小雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium minimum_ Biavati et al. 1982
* _Bifidobacterium mongoliense_ Watanabe et al. 2009
* _Bifidobacterium moraviense_ Neuzil-Bunesova et al. 2021
* _Bifidobacterium moukalabense_ Tsuchida et al. 2014
* _Bifidobacterium myosotis_ Michelini et al. 2016
* _Bifidobacterium oedipodis_ Neuzil-Bunesova et al. 2021
* _Bifidobacterium olomucense_ Neuzil-Bunesova et al. 2021
* _Bifidobacterium panos_ Neuzil-Bunesova et al. 2021
* _Bifidobacterium parmae_ Lugli et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium porcinum_ (Zhu et al. 2003) Nouioui et al. 2018
* _Bifidobacterium primatium_ Modesto et al. 2020
* _Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum_ Scardovi et al. 1979
* _Bifidobacterium pseudolongum_ Mitsuoka 1969
* _Bifidobacterium psychraerophilum_ Simpson et al. 2004
* _Bifidobacterium pullorum_ Trovatelli et al. 1974
* _Bifidobacterium ramosum_ Michelini et al. 2017
* _Bifidobacterium reuteri_ Endo et al. 2012
* _Bifidobacterium ruminantium_ Biavati and Mattarelli 1991
* _Bifidobacterium saeculare_ Biavati et al. 1992，異名
* _Bifidobacterium saguini_ Endo et al. 2012
* _Bifidobacterium samirii_ Duranti et al. 2019
* _Bifidobacterium scaligerum_ Modesto et al. 2020
* 斯卡爾多維雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium scardovii_ Hoyles et al. 2002
* _Bifidobacterium simiarum_ Modesto et al. 2020
* _Bifidobacterium stellenboschense_ Endo et al. 2012
* _Bifidobacterium stercoris_ Kim et al. 2010，異名
* _Bifidobacterium subtile_ Biavati et al. 1982
* 豬雙歧桿菌 _Bifidobacterium suis_ Matteuzzi et al. 1971，異名
* _Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum_ Dong et al. 2000
* _Bifidobacterium thermophilium_ Mitsuoka 1969，拼寫錯誤
* _Bifidobacterium thermophilum_ corrig. Mitsuoka 1969
* _Bifidobacterium tibiigranuli_ Eckel et al. 2020，拼寫錯誤
* _Bifidobacterium tissieri_ corrig. Michelini et al. 2016
* _Bifidobacterium tissierii_ Michelini et al. 2016
* _Bifidobacterium tsurumiense_ Okamoto et al. 2008
* _Bifidobacterium vansinderenii_ Duranti et al. 2017
* _Bifidobacterium xylocopae_ Alberoni et al. 2019

## 參考文獻

* **LPSN** - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature