司法能動主義

**司法能動主義**（英語：Judicial activism）是一種司法哲學，是指法官為適應當下的社會趨勢，可以不遵循舊有的成文法和判決先例進行判決，以免造成不良的社會後果。新的判決又會形成新的判例。與其相反的是司法克制主義，司法克制主義主張法官應該嚴格遵守成文法和判決先例進行審判。司法能動主義萌芽於 19 世紀美國。1947 年 1 月，小亞瑟・史列辛格在《財富》雜誌一篇名為〈1947 年最高法院〉（The Supreme Court: 1947）的文章中首次引入了「司法能動主義」一詞。

## 參考文獻

## 延伸閱讀

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* William P. Murchison, 1982. _Judicial Politics Gone Wild: A Case Study of Judicial Activism in Texas_ (Washington Legal Foundation), 11pp