冬青

**冬青**（_Holly_） 是開花植物，冬青屬（學名：_Ilex_）也是冬青科的唯一一屬，本屬約有 400 個物種，高度約 2 到 25 公尺，有些是喬木，有些是灌木。廣泛分佈於亞洲、歐洲、非洲北部、北美洲與南美洲。冬青的葉堅挺有光澤，漿果鮮紅色，簇附枝上。有些冬青樹品種也稱為聖誕樹。漿果有毒性，會引起嘔吐、腹瀉。用於提煉冬青油的種類並非冬青，而是杜鵑花科的白珠樹 (Gaultheria procumbens)。

## 特徵

葉互生，革質。春季開花。中國冬青樹原產於長江下游各省，常見於寧波、杭州、南京等地。 在香港，常見的冬青有梅葉冬青、灰冬青、榕葉冬青、細花冬青、廣東冬青、及大葉冬青（苦丁茶）等。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Ilex abscondita_ Steyerm.
* 滿樹星 _Ilex aculeolata_ Nakai
* _Ilex acutangula_ Nees
* _Ilex acutidenticulata_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex aequitoriensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex aestivalis_ Buchanan et al.
* _Ilex affinis_ Gardner
* _Ilex affinis_ Lesquereux, 1871
* _Ilex aggregata_ (Ruiz & Pav.) Loes.
* _Ilex alteclerensis_ (Loudon) Dallim.
* _Ilex altiplana_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex amazonensis_ Edwin
* _Ilex ambigua_ (Michx.) Elliott
* _Ilex amboyensis_ Berry, 1909
* _Ilex amelanchier_ M.A.Curtis ex Chapm.
* _Ilex ampla_ I.M.Johnst.
* _Ilex amplifolia_ Rusby
* _Ilex amygdalina_ Reissek
* _Ilex andicola_ Loes.
* 棱枝冬青 _Ilex angulata_ Merr. & Chun
* _Ilex angustissima_ Reissek
* _Ilex annamensis_ Tardieu
* _Ilex anodonta_ Standl. & Steyerm.
* 鳥不宿 _Ilex anomala_ Hook. & Arn.
* _Ilex anonoides_ Loesner
* _Ilex antiquorum_ Doweld, 2022
* _Ilex antonii_ Elmer
* _Ilex apicidens_ N.E.Br.
* _Ilex apiculata_ Merr.
* _Ilex apiensis_ S.Andrews
* 歐洲冬青 _Ilex aquifolium_ L.，聖誕樹
* _Ilex aracamuniana_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex archboldiana_ Merr. & Perry
* _Ilex archeri_ Edwin
* _Ilex ardisiaefrons_ Reissek, 1861
* _Ilex ardisiifrons_ Reissek
* _Ilex argentina_ Lillo
* _Ilex arimensis_ (Loes.) Britton ex R.O.Williams
* 阿里山冬青 _Ilex arisanensis_ Yamam.
* _Ilex armata_ Lesquereux, 1891
* _Ilex arnhemensis_ (F.Muell.) Loes.
* _Ilex asperula_ Mart.
* _Ilex asperula_ Mart. ex Reissek
* 稱星樹 _Ilex asprella_ (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.
* _Ilex atabapoensis_ T.R.Dudley
* 黑果冬青 _Ilex atrata_ W.W.Sm.
* _Ilex auricula_ S.Andrews
* 兩廣冬青 _Ilex austrosinensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex azuensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex baasiana_ B.C.Stone & Kiew
* _Ilex bahiahondica_ (Loes.) P.A.González
* _Ilex barahonica_ Loes.
* _Ilex bartlettii_ Merr.
* _Ilex belizensis_ Lundell
* _Ilex berteroi_ Loes. ex Urb.
* _Ilex bessonii_ hort. ex Lavallée, 1877
* _Ilex bidens_ C.Y.Wu
* _Ilex bidens_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex bidoupensis_ Yahara & Tagane
* 刺葉冬青 _Ilex bioritsensis_ Hayata
* _Ilex biserrulata_ Loes.
* _Ilex blancheana_ Judd
* _Ilex blanchetii_ Loes.
* _Ilex bogorensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex boliviana_ Britton ex Rusby
* _Ilex borealis_ Heer, 1883
* _Ilex borneensis_ Loes.
* 短葉冬青 _Ilex brachyphylla_ (Hand.-Mazz.) S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex brachypliylla_ (Hand.-Mazz.) S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex brandegeeana_ Loes.
* _Ilex brasiliensis_ (Spreng.) Loes.
* _Ilex brassii_ Merr. & Perry
* _Ilex breddinii_ (Weyland) Doweld, 2022
* _Ilex brevicuspis_ Reissek
* _Ilex brevipedicellata_ Steyerm.
* 短梗冬青 _Ilex buergeri_ Miq.
* _Ilex bullata_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex buxifolia_ Gardner
* _Ilex buxoides_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex calcicola_ W.B.Liao & K.W.Xu
* _Ilex california_ Brandegee
* _Ilex calvertensis_ Berry, 1916
* _Ilex canariensis_ Poir.
* _Ilex canliflora_ H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex cardonae_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex caroliniana_ Loes., 1891
* _Ilex casiquiarensis_ Loes.
* 卡氏冬青 _Ilex cassine_ L.
* _Ilex cassine_ Walter, 1788
* _Ilex cassine_ Willd., 1804
* _Ilex cauliflora_ H.W.Li
* _Ilex cauliflora_ H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex celebensis_ Capit.
* _Ilex celebesiaca_ Loes.
* 華中枸骨 _Ilex centrochinensis_ S.Y.Hu, 1949
* _Ilex cerasifolia_ Reissek
* 矮楊梅冬青 _Ilex chamaebuxus_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex chamaedryfolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex championiae_ Loes.
* 凹葉冬青 _Ilex championii_ Loes.
* 沙壩冬青 _Ilex chapaensis_ Merr.
* 紙葉冬青 _Ilex chartacifolia_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex chengbuensis_ C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin
* 城口冬青 _Ilex chengkouensis_ C.J.Tseng
* 龍陵冬青 _Ilex cheniana_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex chevalieri_ Tardieu
* _Ilex chimantaensis_ T.R.Dudley
* 冬青 _Ilex chinensis_ Sims
* 滇緬冬青 _Ilex chingiana_ Hu & Tang
* _Ilex chiriquensis_ Standl.
* _Ilex christalensis_ Loes., 1923
* _Ilex chuguangii_ M.M.Lin
* 鐵仔冬青 _Ilex chuniana_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex ciliolata_ Steyerm.
* 纖齒枸骨 _Ilex ciliospinosa_ Loes., 1911
* 灰冬青 _Ilex cinerea_ Champ. ex Benth.
* _Ilex cissoidea_ Loes.
* _Ilex clemensiae_ Heine
* _Ilex clementis_ Britton & P.Wilson
* _Ilex clethriflora_ S.Andrews
* 越南冬青 _Ilex cochinchinensis_ (Lour.) Loes.
* _Ilex cognata_ Reissek
* 黑海枸骨 _Ilex colchica_ Pojark.
* _Ilex collina_ Alexander
* _Ilex colombiana_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex condensata_ Turcz.
* _Ilex condorensis_ Pierre
* 花冬青 _Ilex confertiflora_ Merr.
* _Ilex congesta_ Reissek
* _Ilex congonha_ Mart. ex Valeton, 1886
* _Ilex congonhina_ Loes., 1893
* _Ilex congonhinha_ Loes.
* _Ilex conocarpa_ Reissek
* _Ilex cookii_ Britton & P.Wilson
* 珊瑚冬青 _Ilex corallina_ Franch.
* _Ilex coriacea_ (Pursh) Chapm.
* 中國冬青 _Ilex cornuta_ Lindl. & Paxton
* _Ilex costaricensis_ Donn.Sm.
* _Ilex costata_ Edwin
* _Ilex cowanii_ Wurdack
* _Ilex crassifolia_ Hook.
* _Ilex crassifolioides_ Loes.
* 日本冬青 _Ilex crenata_ Thunb.，齒葉冬青
* _Ilex cristata_ Merr. & Perry
* _Ilex cubana_ Loes. ex Urb.
* _Ilex cuibensis_ Reissek
* _Ilex culminicola_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex cupreonitens_ C.Y.Wu
* 銅光冬青 _Ilex cupreonitens_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex curranii_ Merr.
* _Ilex cuscoana_ Loes., 1908
* _Ilex cuthbertii_ Small
* _Ilex cuzcoana_ Loes.
* _Ilex cymosa_ Blume
* _Ilex cyrtura_ Merr.
* 大別山冬青 _Ilex dabieshanensis_ K.Yao & M.B.Deng
* _Ilex dakotensis_ Lesquereux, 1891
* _Ilex danielis_ Killip & Cuatrec.
* _Ilex daphnogenea_ Reissek
* 毛枝冬青 _Ilex dasyclada_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex dasyphylla_ Merr.
* _Ilex davidsei_ Steyerm.
* 落葉冬青 _Ilex decidua_ Walter
* 德宏冬青 _Ilex dehongensis_ S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* 陷脈冬青 _Ilex delavayi_ Franch.
* _Ilex densifolia_ Miq.
* 細齒冬青 _Ilex denticulata_ Wall.
* _Ilex depressifructu_ Pruesapan & Welzen
* 滇貴冬青 _Ilex dianguiensis_ C.J.Tseng
* 雙果冬青 _Ilex dicarpa_ Y.R.Li
* _Ilex dictyoneura_ Loes.
* _Ilex dimorphophylla_ Koidz.
* _Ilex dioica_ (Vahl) Griseb.
* _Ilex diospyroides_ Reissek
* _Ilex dipyrena_ Wall.
* _Ilex discolor_ Hemsl.
* _Ilex dissimilis_ Lesquereux, 1878
* _Ilex diuretica_ Mart. ex Reissek
* _Ilex divaricata_ Mart. ex Reissek
* 長柄冬青 _Ilex dolichopoda_ Merr. & Chun
* _Ilex duarteensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex dugesii_ Fernald
* _Ilex duidae_ Gleason
* _Ilex dumosa_ Reissek
* 龍里冬青 _Ilex dunniana_ H.Lév.
* 顯脈冬青 _Ilex editicostata_ Hu & Tang
* _Ilex elliptica_ Kunth
* 厚葉冬青 _Ilex elmerrilliana_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex elongata_ Newberry, 1895
* _Ilex embelioides_ Hook.fil.
* _Ilex emmae_ D.M.Hicks
* _Ilex engleriana_ Loes.
* _Ilex englishii_ Lace
* _Ilex eoa_ Alain
* _Ilex eolignitica_ Berry, 1916
* _Ilex ericoides_ Loes.
* 平核冬青 _Ilex estriata_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex eugeniifolia_ Pierre
* _Ilex euryaeformis_ Reissek
* 柃葉冬青 _Ilex euryoides_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex excavata_ Pierre
* 高冬青 _Ilex excelsa_ (Wall.) Hook.fil.
* _Ilex falsani_ Saporta & Marion
* _Ilex fanshawei_ Edwin
* _Ilex farallonensis_ Cuatrec.
* 狹葉冬青 _Ilex fargesii_ Franch.
* 鳳慶冬青 _Ilex fengqingensis_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* 鏽毛冬青 _Ilex ferruginea_ Hand.-Mazz.
* _Ilex ficifolia_ C.J.Tseng
* 硬葉冬青 _Ilex ficifolia_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* 榕葉冬青 _Ilex ficoidea_ Hemsl.
* _Ilex floribunda_ Reissek ex Maxim.
* _Ilex florifera_ Fawc. & Rendle
* _Ilex florissantensis_ Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919
* _Ilex flosparva_ Cuatrec.
* 台灣冬青 _Ilex formosana_ Maxim.
* 滇西冬青 _Ilex forrestii_ H.F.Comber
* 薄葉冬青 _Ilex fragilis_ Hook.fil.
* 康定冬青 _Ilex franchetiana_ Loes.
* _Ilex friburgensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex fruticosa_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex fuertensiana_ (Loes.) T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex fuertesiana_ (Loes.) T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex fukienensis_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex gabinetensis_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex gabrielleana_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* _Ilex gagnepainiana_ Tardieu
* _Ilex gale_ Triana & Planch.
* _Ilex gansuensis_ D.Y.Hong
* _Ilex gardneriana_ Wight
* _Ilex geniculata_ Maxim.
* _Ilex geophila_ Delamare Deboutteville, 1948
* _Ilex georgei_ H.F.Comber
* _Ilex gibraltarica_ Gand.
* 景東冬青 _Ilex gingtungensis_ H.W.Li
* _Ilex glabella_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex glabra_ (L.) A.Gray
* _Ilex glaucophylla_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex glaziouviana_ Loes.
* _Ilex glaziouvii_ Warm.
* _Ilex glazioviana_ Loes.
* _Ilex glazioviana_ Loesner
* _Ilex gleasoniana_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex glomerata_ King
* _Ilex godajam_ Colebr.
* _Ilex gongonha_ (Mart.) Mart.
* 海島冬青 _Ilex goshiensis_ Hayata
* _Ilex gotardensis_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* _Ilex goudotii_ Loes.
* 纖花冬青 _Ilex graciliflora_ Champ. ex Benth.，細花冬青
* _Ilex grandiflora_ Ridl.
* _Ilex grandifolia_ Lesquereux, 1883
* _Ilex grandis_ Reissek
* _Ilex gransabanensis_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex guaiquinimae_ Steyerm.
* 廣南冬青 _Ilex guangnanensis_ Tseng & Y.R.Li
* 廣西冬青 _Ilex guangxica_ Doweld, 2022
* _Ilex guaramacalensis_ Cuello & Aymard
* _Ilex guayusa_ Loes.
* _Ilex guerreroi_ Merr. ex Elmer
* _Ilex guianensis_ (Aubl.) Kuntze
* 貴州冬青 _Ilex guizhouensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex gundlachiana_ Loes.
* _Ilex haberi_ (Lundell) W.J.Hahn
* _Ilex hahnii_ Doweld
* _Ilex hainanensis_ Merr.
* 青茶香 _Ilex hanceana_ Maxim.
* _Ilex harmandiana_ Pierre
* _Ilex harrisii_ Loes.
* _Ilex havilandii_ Loes.
* 早田氏冬青 _Ilex hayataiana_ Loes.，以早田文藏的姓氏命名
* _Ilex hemiepiphytica_ W.J.Hahn
* _Ilex hexandra_ Bello
* _Ilex hicksii_ I.M.Turner
* _Ilex hippocrateoides_ Kunth
* 硬毛冬青 _Ilex hirsuta_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* _Ilex hirsutilimba_ Tardieu
* _Ilex holstii_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex honbaensis_ Tardieu
* _Ilex hondurensis_ Standl.
* _Ilex hongiaoensis_ Tagane
* 貢山冬青 _Ilex hookeri_ King
* _Ilex huachamacariana_ Edwin
* _Ilex hualgayoca_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* _Ilex huberi_ J.R.Grande
* 秀英冬青 _Ilex huiana_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* _Ilex huiana_ C.J.Tseng, 1981
* _Ilex hunanensis_ C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin
* _Ilex huoshanensis_ Y.H.He
* 細刺枸骨 _Ilex hylonoma_ Hu & Tang
* _Ilex hypaneura_ Loes.
* _Ilex hypoglauca_ (Miq.) Loes.
* _Ilex hyrcana_ Pojark.
* _Ilex hyreana_ Pojark.
* _Ilex ignicola_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex ijuensis_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex illustris_ Ridl.
* _Ilex impressa_ Ekman & Loes.
* _Ilex insignis_ Heer, 1869
* _Ilex integerrima_ (Vell.) Reissek
* 全緣冬青 _Ilex integra_ Thunb.
* _Ilex intermedia_ Loes. ex Diels
* 錯枝冬青 _Ilex intricata_ Hook.fil.
* _Ilex inundata_ Poepp. ex Reissek
* _Ilex jacobsii_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex jamaicana_ Proctor
* _Ilex jauaensis_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex jelskii_ Zahlbr.
* _Ilex jenmanii_ Loes.
* 江門冬青 _Ilex jiangmenensis_ Lei Jiang & K.W.Xu
* 蕉嶺冬青 _Ilex jiaolingensis_ C.J.Tseng & H.H.Liu
* _Ilex jingdongensis_ H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex jingxiensis_ Y.F.Huang & M.X.Lai
* 縉雲冬青 _Ilex jinyunensis_ Z.M.Tan
* 九萬山冬青 _Ilex jiuwanshanensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex julianii_ Edwin
* _Ilex juttana_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* _Ilex karstenii_ Loes.
* _Ilex karuaiana_ Steyerm.
* 扣樹 _Ilex kaushue_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex kelabitana_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex kelabitiana_ S.Andrews, 1998
* _Ilex kelsallii_ Ridl.
* 皺柄冬青 _Ilex kengii_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex keranjiensis_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex ketambensis_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex khasiana_ Purkay.
* 江西滿樹星 _Ilex kiangsiensis_ (S.Y.Hu) C.J.Tseng & B.W.Liu
* _Ilex kinabaluensis_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex kingiana_ Cockerell
* _Ilex knightiaefolia_ Lesquereux, 1883
* _Ilex knucklesensis_ Philcox
* 凸脈冬青 _Ilex kobuskiana_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex krugiana_ Loes. ex Urb.
* 苦丁茶冬青 _Ilex kudingcha_
* 昆明冬青 _Ilex kunmingensis_ H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex kunthiana_ Triana
* 草野氏冬青 _Ilex kusanoi_ Hayata
* 廣東冬青 _Ilex kwangtungensis_ Merr.
* _Ilex laevigata_ (Pursh) A.Gray
* _Ilex lamprophylla_ Standl.
* 劍葉冬青 _Ilex lancilimba_ Merr.
* _Ilex larocerasus_ AiryShaw
* _Ilex lasseri_ Edwin
* 大葉冬青 _Ilex latifolia_ Thunb. ex A.Murray
* _Ilex latifrons_ Chun
* _Ilex laureola_ Triana & Planch.
* _Ilex laurina_ Kunth
* _Ilex laurocensus_ AiryShaw
* _Ilex laurocerasus_ Airy Shaw
* _Ilex leonis_ Cockerell, 1906
* _Ilex leucoclada_ Makino
* 毛核冬青 _Ilex liana_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex liangii_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex liebmannii_ Standl.
* _Ilex liesneri_ Steyerm.
* 溪畔冬青 _Ilex lihuaensis_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex lihuaiensis_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex lilianeae_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* _Ilex limae_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex limii_ C.J.Tseng
* 木姜冬青 _Ilex litseifolia_ Hu & Tang
* _Ilex liukiuensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex loeseneri_ Tardieu
* _Ilex lohfauensis_ Merr.
* 長尾冬青 _Ilex longecaudata_ H.F.Comber
* _Ilex longicaudata_ Comber
* 喬治亞冬青 _Ilex longipes_ Chapm. ex Trel.
* _Ilex longipetiolata_ Loes.
* _Ilex longipilosa_ Steyerm.
* 龍州冬青 _Ilex longzhouensis_ C.J.Tseng
* 忍冬葉冬青 _Ilex lonicerifolia_ Hayata
* _Ilex loranthoides_ Mart. ex Reissek
* _Ilex loretoica_ Loes.
* 魯甸冬青 _Ilex ludianensis_ S.C.Huang ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex lundii_ Warm.
* _Ilex maasiana_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* _Ilex macarenensis_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex macbrideana_ Edwin, 1965
* _Ilex macfadyenii_ (Walp.) Rehder
* 楠葉冬青 _Ilex machilifolia_ H.W.Li
* _Ilex machilifolia_ H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex maclurei_ Merr.
* 大果冬青 _Ilex macrocarpa_ Oliv.
* 大柄冬青 _Ilex macropoda_ Miq.
* 大柱頭冬青 _Ilex macrostigma_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex maculata_ Lesquereux, 1883
* _Ilex magnifolia_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex magnifructa_ Edwin
* _Ilex maguirei_ Wurdack
* _Ilex maigualidensis_ J.R.Grande
* _Ilex maingayi_ Hook.fil.
* _Ilex malabarica_ Bedd.
* _Ilex malaccensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex malaovensis_ Loes.
* 乳頭冬青 _Ilex mamillata_ C. Y. Wu ex C. J. Tseng
* _Ilex mandonii_ Loes.
* _Ilex manitzii_ P.A.González
* 紅河冬青 _Ilex manneiensis_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex marahuacae_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex marginata_ Edwin
* 麻栗坡冬青 _Ilex marlipoensis_ H.W.Li
* _Ilex martiniana_ D.Don ex Lamb.
* _Ilex masoni_ (Lesquereux, 1891)
* _Ilex matangicola_ Loes.
* _Ilex matanoana_ Makino
* _Ilex matudae_ Standl. ex Edwin
* _Ilex matudai_ Standl. ex Edwin
* _Ilex maxima_ W.J.Hahn
* _Ilex maximowicziana_ Loes.
* 墨脫冬青 _Ilex medogensis_ Y.R.Li
* _Ilex megaphylla_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex melanophylla_ H.T.Chang
* _Ilex melanotricha_ Merr.
* _Ilex memecylifolia_ Champ. ex Benth.
* _Ilex mertensii_ Maxim.
* _Ilex meserveae_ S.Y.Hy
* _Ilex mesilauensis_ S.Andrews
* 河灘冬青 _Ilex metabaptista_ Loes. ex Diels
* _Ilex micrantha_ Triana & Planch.
* 小果冬青 _Ilex micrococca_ Maxim.
* _Ilex microdonta_ Reissek
* _Ilex microphylla_ Hook.
* _Ilex microphylla_ Newb.
* _Ilex microphylla_ Spreng. ex DC., 1825
* _Ilex microphyllina_ Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919
* 小核冬青 _Ilex micropyrena_ C.Y.Wu
* _Ilex micropyrena_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex microsticta_ Loes.
* _Ilex microstricta_ Loes.
* _Ilex microthyrsa_ Loes. ex Elmer
* _Ilex microwrightioides_ Loes.
* 米谷冬青 _Ilex miguensis_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex mitis_ (L.) Radlk.
* _Ilex montana_ Torr. & A.Gray
* _Ilex montebellensis_ Lozada-Pérez
* _Ilex monticola_ A.Gray ex Dieck
* _Ilex mucronata_ (L.) M.Powell, Savol. & S.Andrews
* _Ilex mucronulata_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex mucugensis_ Groppo
* _Ilex myricina_ Doweld, 2022
* _Ilex myricoides_ Kunth
* _Ilex myrtifolia_ Lam.
* _Ilex myrtillus_ Ridl.
* 南川冬青 _Ilex nanchuanensis_ Z.M.Tan
* 南寧冬青 _Ilex nanningensis_ Hand.-Mazz.
* 南平冬青 _Ilex nanpingensis_ G. S. He
* _Ilex nayana_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex neblinensis_ Edwin
* _Ilex nemorosa_ Rizzini
* _Ilex neocaledonica_ Maxim.
* _Ilex neogracilis_ I.M.Turner
* _Ilex neomamillata_ I.M.Turner
* _Ilex neoreticulata_ I.M.Turner
* _Ilex nervosa_ Triana & Planch.
* _Ilex nervulosa_ (Loes.) S.Andrews
* _Ilex nigropunctata_ Miers
* 寧德冬青 _Ilex ningdeensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex nipponica_ Makino
* _Ilex nitida_ (Vahl) Maxim.
* 亮葉冬青 _Ilex nitidissima_ C.J.Tseng
* 小圓葉冬青 _Ilex nothofagifolia_ Kingdon-Ward
* _Ilex nothophoeboides_ I.M.Turner
* 雲中冬青 _Ilex nubicola_ C.Y.Wu
* _Ilex nubicola_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* 窪皮冬青 _Ilex nuculicava_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex nummularia_ Reissek
* _Ilex obcordata_ Sw.
* _Ilex oblonga_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex obtusata_ (Turcz.) Triana & Planch.
* 粵桂冬青 _Ilex occulta_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex odorata_ Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
* _Ilex oligodonta_ Merr. & Chun
* _Ilex oligoneura_ Loes.
* _Ilex oliveriana_ Loes.
* _Ilex omeiensis_ Hu & Tang
* 峨眉冬青 _Ilex omeiensis_ S.Y.Hu, 1946
* 美國冬青 _Ilex opaca_ Soland ex Aiton
* _Ilex oppositifolia_ Merr.
* _Ilex organensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex ovalifolia_ G.Mey.
* _Ilex ovalis_ (Ruiz & Pav.) Loes.
* _Ilex pachyphylla_ Merr.
* _Ilex palawanica_ Loes. ex Elmer
* _Ilex pallida_ Standl.
* _Ilex paltoria_ Kunth
* _Ilex paltorioides_ Reissek
* _Ilex papillosa_ Lesquereux, 1891
* 巴拉圭冬青 _Ilex paraguariensis_ A.St.-Hil.
* _Ilex paraguensis_ A.St.-Hil., 1822
* _Ilex paruensis_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex parvifructa_ Edwin
* _Ilex patens_ Ridl.
* _Ilex pauciflora_ Ridl.
* _Ilex paucinervia_ Merr.
* _Ilex paujiensis_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex pavonii_ Loes., 1901
* _Ilex pedunculosa_ Miq.
* 上思冬青 _Ilex peiradena_ S.Y.Hu
* 五棱苦丁茶 _Ilex pentagona_ S.K.Chen, Y.X.Feng & C.F.Liang
* _Ilex perado_ Sol. ex Aiton
* 巨葉冬青 _Ilex perlata_ C.Chen & S.C.Huang ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex permicrophylla_ Merr.
* _Ilex pernervata_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex pernyi_ Franch.
* _Ilex perryana_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex petiolaris_ Benth.
* _Ilex phanganensis_ Pruesapan & Welzen
* _Ilex phillyreaefolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex phillyreifolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex phyllyreaefolia_ hort. ex Decne.
* 平和冬青 _Ilex pingheensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex pingnanensis_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex poiensis_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex poilanei_ Tardieu
* _Ilex polita_ Steyerm.
* 多脈冬青 _Ilex polyneura_ (Hand.-Mazz.) S. Y. Hu
* 多核冬青 _Ilex polypyrena_ C.J.Tseng & B.W.Liu
* _Ilex praetermissa_ Kiew
* _Ilex promecophylla_ S.Andrews
* _Ilex prostrata_ Groppo
* _Ilex prunifolia_ Lesquereux, 1878
* _Ilex psammophila_ Mart. ex Reissek
* _Ilex pseudobuxus_ Reissek
* _Ilex pseudoebenacea_ Loes.
* _Ilex pseudoembelioides_ Loes.
* _Ilex pseudomachilifolia_ C.Y.Wu
* _Ilex pseudomachilifolia_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex pseudomacoucoa_ Loes., 1933
* _Ilex pseudoodorata_ Loes.
* _Ilex pseudostenophylla_ Lesquereux, 1883
* _Ilex pseudotheezans_ Loes.
* _Ilex pseudoumbelliformis_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex pseudovaccinium_ Reissek ex Maxim.
* _Ilex ptariana_ Steyerm.
* 毛冬青 _Ilex pubescens_ Hook. & Arn.
* _Ilex pubifructa_ Pruesapan, S.Andrews & D.A.Simpson
* 有毛冬青 _Ilex pubigera_ (C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li) S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* 毛葉冬青 _Ilex pubilimba_ Merr. & Chun
* 點葉冬青 _Ilex punctatilimba_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex pustulosa_ Triana & Planch.
* 梨葉冬青 _Ilex pyrifolia_ C.J.Tseng
* 黔靈山冬青 _Ilex qianlingshanensis_ C.J.Tseng
* 慶元冬青 _Ilex qingyuanensis_ C.Z.Zheng
* _Ilex quercetorum_ I.M.Johnst.
* _Ilex quitensis_ (Willd. ex Schult.) Loes.
* 拉拉山冬青 _Ilex rarasanensis_ Sasaki
* _Ilex renae_ S.Andrews
* 網脈冬青 _Ilex reticulata_ C. J. Tseng
* _Ilex retusa_ Klotzsch
* 微凹冬青 _Ilex retusifolia_ S.Y.Hu
* 卷邊冬青 _Ilex revoluta_ Stapf
* _Ilex rimbachii_ Standl.
* 粗枝冬青 _Ilex robusta_ C.J.Tseng
* 粗脈冬青 _Ilex robustinervosa_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* _Ilex rockii_ S.Y.Hu
* 鐵冬青 _Ilex rotunda_ Thunb.
* _Ilex rubra_ S.Watson
* _Ilex rubrinervia_ Tardieu
* _Ilex rugosa_ F.Schmidt
* _Ilex rugulosa_ Huber
* _Ilex rugulosa_ Huber ex Ducke
* _Ilex rupicola_ Kunth
* _Ilex salicina_ Hand.-Mazz.
* _Ilex sanqingshanensis_ W.B.Liao, Q.Fan & S.Shi
* _Ilex sapiiformis_ Reissek
* _Ilex sapotifolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex sarawaccensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex savannarum_ Wurdack
* _Ilex saxicola_ C.J.Tseng & H.H.Liu
* _Ilex scabridula_ Merr. & Perry
* _Ilex schlechteri_ Loes.
* _Ilex schwackeana_ Loes.
* _Ilex sclerophylla_ Hook.fil.
* _Ilex sclerophylloides_ Loes.
* _Ilex scopulorum_ Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult., 1827
* _Ilex scopulorum_ Kunth
* _Ilex scudderi_ Lesquereux, 1891
* _Ilex scutiiformis_ Reissek
* _Ilex sebertii_ Pancher
* _Ilex sellowii_ Loes.
* 落霜紅 _Ilex serrata_ Thunb.
* _Ilex servinii_ E.Carranza
* _Ilex sessiliflora_ Triana & Planch.
* _Ilex sessilifructa_ Edwin
* _Ilex severnensis_ Berry, 1911
* 神農架冬青 _Ilex shennongjiaensis_ T.R.Dudley & S.C.Sun
* 石枚冬青 _Ilex shimeica_ K.F.Kwok
* _Ilex shukunii_ Y.Yang & H.Peng
* _Ilex shweliensis_ H.F.Comber
* _Ilex sideroxyloides_ (Sw.) Griseb.
* 錫金冬青 _Ilex sikkimensis_ Kurz
* 中華冬青 _Ilex sinica_ (Loes.) S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex sipapoana_ Edwin
* _Ilex skutchii_ Edwin ex T.R.Dudley & W.J.Hahn
* _Ilex socorroensis_ Brandegee
* _Ilex soderstromii_ Edwin
* _Ilex solida_ Edwin
* _Ilex sorbitis_ Reissek, 1861
* _Ilex sphenophylla_ Heer, 1873
* _Ilex spicata_ Blume
* _Ilex spinulosa_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex spruceana_ Reissek
* _Ilex stellata_ W.J.Hahn
* _Ilex stenocarpa_ Pojark.
* _Ilex stenura_ (Merr. & L.M.Perry) D.M.Hicks
* _Ilex sterrophylla_ Merr. & Chun
* 黔桂冬青 _Ilex stewardii_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex steyermarkii_ Edwin
* _Ilex strangulata_ Lesquereux, 1875
* 粗毛冬青 _Ilex strigillosa_ T.R.Dudley
* 香冬青 _Ilex suaveolens_ (H.Lév.) Loes.
* _Ilex subcaudata_ Merr. ex Elmer
* _Ilex subcordata_ Reissek
* 薄革葉冬青 _Ilex subcoriacea_ Z.M.Tan
* 擬鈍齒冬青 _Ilex subcrenata_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex subdenticulata_ Lesquereux, 1873
* _Ilex suber_ Loes.
* _Ilex subficoidea_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex sublongecaudata_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex sublongecaudata_ C.J.Tseng & S.Liu ex Y.R.Li
* 微香冬青 _Ilex subodorata_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex subrotunda_ Doweld, 2019
* _Ilex subrotundifolia_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex subrugosa_ Loes.
* _Ilex subtriflora_ Griseb. ex Loes.
* _Ilex subtriflora_ Griseb., 1892
* 太平山冬青 _Ilex sugerokii_ Maxim.
* 遂昌冬青 _Ilex suichangensis_ C.Z.Zheng
* _Ilex sulcata_ Wall., 1831
* 蘇門答臘冬青 _Ilex sumatrana_ Loes.
* _Ilex summa_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex suprema_ Cuatrec.
* 鈴木冬青 _Ilex suzukii_ S.Y.Hu
* 合核冬青 _Ilex synpyrena_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex syzygiophylla_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* 四川冬青 _Ilex szechwanensis_ Loes.
* _Ilex tadiandamolensis_ Kesh.Murthy, Yogan. & K.V.Nair
* _Ilex tahanensis_ Kiew
* 泰寧冬青 _Ilex tainingensis_ G. S. He
* 台灣冬青 _Ilex taiwanicola_
* _Ilex tamii_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex tarapotina_ Loes.
* _Ilex tateana_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex taubertiana_ Loes.
* _Ilex tectonica_ W.J.Hahn
* 薄核冬青 _Ilex tenuis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex tepuiana_ Steyerm. ex Edwin
* _Ilex teratopis_ Loes.
* _Ilex teratopos_ Loes.
* _Ilex teratopsis_ Loes., 1901
* _Ilex ternatiflora_ (C.H.Wright) R.A.Howard
* 灰葉冬青 _Ilex tetramera_ (Rehder) C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex theezans_ Mart.
* _Ilex theizans_ Mart. ex Reissek
* _Ilex thyrsiflora_ Klotzsch
* _Ilex tiricae_ Edwin
* _Ilex tonii_ Lundell
* _Ilex tonkinensis_ Pierre
* _Ilex toroidea_ D.M.Hicks
* _Ilex trachyphylla_ Loes.
* 毛果冬青 _Ilex trichocarpa_ H.W.Li
* _Ilex trichocarpa_ H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li
* _Ilex trichoclada_ Loes.
* _Ilex trichothyrsa_ Loes.
* 三花冬青 _Ilex triflora_ Blume
* _Ilex truxillensis_ Turcz.
* 細枝冬青 _Ilex tsangii_ S.Y.Hu
* 蔣英冬青 _Ilex tsiangiana_ C.J.Tseng，以植物學家蔣英的名字命名
* 紫果冬青 _Ilex tsoi_ Merr. & Chun
* _Ilex tsugitakayamensis_ Sasaki
* 羅浮冬青 _Ilex tutcheri_ Merr.
* _Ilex uaramae_ Edwin
* _Ilex uleana_ Loes.
* _Ilex umbellata_ Klotzsch ex Reissek
* 傘序冬青 _Ilex umbellulata_ (Wall.) Loes.
* _Ilex uniflora_ Benth.
* 烏來冬青 _Ilex uraiensis_ Yamam.
* _Ilex urbaniana_ Loes. ex Urb.
* _Ilex urceolatus_ C.B.Shang, K.S.Tang & D.Q.Du
* _Ilex vacciniifolia_ Klotzsch
* _Ilex vaccinoides_ Loes.
* _Ilex valenzuelana_ Alain
* _Ilex velutina_ Mart. ex Reissek
* _Ilex velutinulosa_ Cuatrec.
* 委內瑞拉冬青 _Ilex venezuelensis_ Steyerm.
* 細脈冬青 _Ilex venosa_ C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li
* 微脈冬青 _Ilex venulosa_ Hook.fil.
* _Ilex venusta_ H.Peng & W.B.Liao
* 濕生冬青 _Ilex verisimilis_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* _Ilex versteeghii_ Merr. & Perry
* 加拿大冬青 _Ilex verticillata_ (L.) A.Gray
* _Ilex vesparum_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex victorinii_ Alain
* _Ilex vietnamensis_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex villosula_ Loes.
* _Ilex virgata_ Loes.
* 綠冬青 _Ilex viridis_ Champ. ex Benth.
* _Ilex vismiifolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex vitiensis_ A.Gray
* _Ilex vitis_
* _Ilex vitis-idaea_ Loes.
* _Ilex vixmiaefolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex vixmifolia_ Reissek
* _Ilex volkensiana_ (Loes.) Kaneh. & Hatus.
* 代茶冬青 _Ilex vomitoria_ Sol. ex Aiton
* _Ilex vomitoriafolia_ Berry, 1916
* _Ilex vulcanicola_ Standl.
* _Ilex walkeri_ Wight & Gardner ex Thwaites
* _Ilex wallichii_ Hook.
* 假枝冬青 _Ilex wangiana_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex warburgii_ Loes.
* _Ilex wardii_ Merr.
* _Ilex wattii_ Loes.
* _Ilex weberlingii_ Loizeau & Spichiger
* 溫州冬青 _Ilex wenchowensis_ S.Y.Hu
* _Ilex wenzelii_ Merr.
* _Ilex wightiana_ Wall.
* _Ilex williamsii_ Standl.
* 尾葉冬青 _Ilex wilsonii_ Loes.
* _Ilex wuana_ T.R.Dudley
* 武功山冬青 _Ilex wugonshanensis_ C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng
* 征鎰冬青 _Ilex wuiana_ T.R.Dudley，以吳征鎰的姓氏命名
* _Ilex wurdackiana_ Steyerm.
* _Ilex wyomingiana_ Lesquereux, 1878
* 小金冬青 _Ilex xiaojinensis_ Y.Q.Wang & P.Y.Chen
* 西藏冬青 _Ilex xizangensis_ Y.R.Li
* 陽春冬青 _Ilex yangchunensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex yanlingensis_ C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin
* 獨龍冬青 _Ilex yuiana_ S.Y.Hu
* 雲南冬青 _Ilex yunnanensis_ Franch.
* _Ilex yurumanguinis_ Cuatrec.
* _Ilex yutajensis_ Wurdack
* _Ilex zeylanica_ Maxim.
* 浙江冬青 _Ilex zhejiangensis_ C.J.Tseng
* _Ilex zippeliana_ T.R.Dudley
* _Ilex zygophylla_ Merr.

**雜交種：**

* _Ilex ×aquipernyi_ Gable ex Whittem.
* _Ilex ×attenuata_ Ashe
* _Ilex ×kiusiana_ Hatus.
* _Ilex ×makinoi_ Hara
* _Ilex ×owariensis_ Hatus. & M.Kobay.
* _Ilex ×wandoensis_ C.F.Mill. & M.Kim

## 參考資料

## 外部連結

* eFlora （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

## 延伸閱讀

[編]

　
: 《欽定古今圖書集成・博物彙編・草木典・冬青部》，出自陳夢雷《古今圖書集成》